The Sun. — London, England, 1864-06-22 00:00:00

DOER. HOUSE OF LORDS—Last Evening, The LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat on the woolsack at five o'clock. passages for—and to call attention to the statement made to mak e it a permanent one. (Laughter.) I should be spirit of kindnesi and forbearanne=not a rash Interference by the noble lord on Friday last. (Cries of " order," and extremely sorry to see my hon. friend always where he is between landlord and tenante "move, move.") To put himself in order he wculd move now. No doubt, nothing can be more honourable to Mr WHITESIDE the adjournment of the house. The hon. gentleman was any man than steady adherence to the cause which land to the effents of b 3 trred the present condition of Ire- Past legislation and the repeal of the proceeding with his remarks, when he has adopted ; and the more that cau se i s going corn laws, and thought there was nothing extravagant in The SPEAKER reminded him that the circumstance of down in public opinion—(cheers on the Opposition a resoluticn . e is ii ng his moving the adjournment of the house did not authorise benches)—the more honourable is a steady adherenc e on the rior •• the Government to direct their often part of its champion. Ent I think my hon. friend will him- w the subject, him to refer to past debates. (Hear, hear.) Blake,Mr Lord C. PAGET, in replying to the question of the hon. self confess that the feeling in favour of this mot! . r ile diecneeen Was contut . ged by Mr P, 'en is hot theetheit, and Sir P. He ate. baronet, said the middle passage was necessarily taken by as strong as it used to be in former times. - 1. object to tons Sir G. BOWYER said that as an Irish member and an vessels going from that portion of the coast of Africa to the motion because it is founded upon '-'4l erroneousasainption. English landlord he had taken a great deal of trouble to West Indies. This transport would be towed into the It deals with the right of ve;eing as if it Was a personal understand the question, and always felt at a loss to under offing, where she would probably meet with the south-east right, which an indi vidr aal is free to exercise free from any stand the conduct of Irish landlords. An English landlord, trade, and by making a western course, she would get into responsibility; h ew . n e :eeas I contend it is a trust to be exercised when a farm fell vacant, put all the buildings into thorough the south-east trade wind, and in all probability would make under respons.. 1- oilities to those on whose behalf it is held, and tenantable repair, knowing very well that unless he her passage to the West Indies nearly as quickly as a (Hear, hej ar. ) Even if the franchise were ever so extended did so he might get a tenant, bat not a first-rate one, and steamer. Everybody acquainted with that part of the world it we _Le ea& still only be a trust, because there would be a large th a t his rent would be uncertain. English landlords sup knew that in summer-time a ship might run from south - portion of the community, as, for example, women a n d p li e d t h e til es for draining purposes, and expected the tenants whose interests would be affected by the vote thus to put them in; and in case a tenant grubbled up wasteland east into the north-east trade with very little delay, and . us minors— whose better given. O ur legislati on admits that it is a trust, and not a he was allowed to hold it for a certain time without increase thought the troops would be more comfortable an r.": to the se. right. If th e franchise were a purely peesonal right, would of rent, and after he had obtained fair remuneration for give the number not the voter be entitled to ask u off than they would be in a steamer. In rega cond question, he should be very happy to • of the troops on which the original . reo- P 0724 what principle of justice his outl a y the proper increase in his rent was determined e aisition was founded, y ou p reven t hi m from exer';:ising that right in a manner by va l ua ti on . He felt sure that if Irish proprietors dealt requisition from the which he chooses for 1- is own individual advantage ? But i n a s i m il ar spirit with those holding under them they and also the number in the subsea gent ..,stance there were 480 men you attach a Perealty to a man who employs that right of would h av e a happier and more contented tenantry to Horse Guards. In the first ir women and children, and they were voting in a manner you think at variance with the public d ea l w i t h. The reason why a similar system was not pur and a certain number of wo to go from Cape Coast Castle to the West Indies, Subse- interes`,--that is, for a bribe or consideration. Th en I Say sued i n I re l an d he did not know, and he had never been quently the War °Yew decided to send about 200 men from thee vote is a trust and, like every political trust, ought to a b le to fi n d out. If they persisted in neglecting to do what Cape Coast castle, to Lagos, where they would relieve a si- be exercised subject ? to responsibility to public ' opinion, was just, the Legislature, in his opinion, ought to miler Cumber, which would be taken to Sierra Leone. Th e whole political framework of c:viiidn at i ons is founded step in and compel them to deal more satisfactorily with THE BALLOT, upon the principle of trust. The interests of the community their tenants. When the tenant-right agitation was in full Mr H.-BERKELEY, who spoke from the Opposition are in various degrees, more or less import an t, comm i tte d strengt h h e had never agreed with the notions of its leading side of the table, and was received with cheers, moved the to a selected view, who are charged in regard to those par- advocates, knowing that the views of law which they put fain- tving r esolution :--" That, as a general election is in n . mi l l er thi ngs t o a c t f or th e welfa re of th e community at forward had no warrant in the history of any country, and P'e rl dingt and it is notorious that our electoral system is large; and their action ought to be subject to responsibility were not countenanced by any legal authority. They ad defective and corrupt in practice, and aa we have no law to those whose interests are committed to their char ge , v ance d th e doctrine of enaphyteusis, misinterpreted portions w hich can Put down the intimidation of voters nor prevent Then I say that the ballot is intended t o withdra w th e of the civil law, and constructed a theory of mutual rights br iherY, it is therefore expedient that a fair trial should b e voter from the exercise of the trust confid e d t o hi m , a n d in in the soil to which the only thing at all like a parallel was given to the vote by ballot." The hon. member said, in that respect it is a political evil. Th e hon. memb er has found in India, where it had been productive of endless mis fit the house to agree to the resolution, he took a did% talked about America, but everybody knows that in A rne _ c hi e f. At that them feelings were so violently excited that ferent course from that which he had usually taken, because rice ballot voting is not secret voting—it is what is call e d th e advocates of tenant-right could not be reasoned with. appeared to him that the approach of a general election ticket voting, where every man votes for a great number At present there was violent agitation in Ireland, and gave him an opportunity of making some remarks which of candidates at the same time ; an d so f ar f rom t h e vote a d van t age ought to be a stken of the prevailing calm honestly were certainly called for, and hon. members might take being concealed, he goes to the poll with his ticket in his hat, and usefully to grapple with the difficulty. It was very them or not. They had heard very much of Lord Russell to vote for the governor or other officers who are to be elect e d, we ll t o t e ll people that in America they would be better off. climbing an exceeding high mountain, and finding on the Therein I say the ballot is founded upo n a mistaken prin- The heartrending scenes witnessed on their departure top of that mountain an inscription which advised him to ciple, and is at varian ce with the fundamental principle s on showed that they left unwillingly—(hear, hear)—they felt "rest and be thankful." No doubt he did rest and was which our political institution s are based. Then would it there was no place like home, and their right to live in their thankful. He could understand the noble lord asking be effectual for the purpo se proposed ? I deny it. I main. own country could not be disputed. It was, therefore, with Reformers to be thankful, and Reformers were thankful to tai; that in this country men are proud of th e i r p ar t y. Th ey d eep regret that he learnt there was a common practice of the noble lord for his brilliant exertions in the cause of may be thought wrong or right by their neighbours, but a dispossessing tenants at the end of their term without any Reform. (Hear, hear.) But when the noble lord asked man who has enlisted under the banners of one candidate or compensation for improvements, and of setting up their the Reformers of that hou se t o re s t, it se eme d to hive, to another is proud of the party to which he belongs ; and, in- holdi ngs to auction. (Loud cries of " no," from the Oppo • savour of an absurdity. Were there no longer any abuses stead of seeking to conceal his vote in the ball o t b ox , h e s iti on benches.) He was certain such was not the case, in to redress—no evils t o b e got r id of P Were they become would tell all his friends what he was going to do, and would the districts of whicti hon. members had cognizance, but he so perfect and so pure that no reform e d i their political rather be anxious that the whole community with which h e knew that the Practice prevailed to a formidable extent. system was required P Had they arrived at the Ulti ma was connected should know how he voted, But if you adopt Lord PALMERSTON said he hoped Mr Hennessy Thule of reformation ? Had Enciand become Utopia ? this principle you must also prevent canvassing. You must wou ld b e content with the discussion, and not press the Was nothing left to be done but to enjoy themsel ves a nd make it penal for any mar to tell beforehand how ho is going motion to a division. No doubt, it was very much to be be happy? He thought that an examination of th e to vote, Every man in general has a political bias—a par- lamented that causes existed which drove a large mass of existing state of things would prove diametrically th e amity for one party rather than another—which makes it the people of Ireland to emigrate from their native land ; contrary. Had they an Act of Parliam en t at th e impossible that a majority of voters should vote by ballot but if they went to a country where they found themselves Present moment which interfered with intimidati on , without their votes being known. Who, then, would have better off than in their own, the change on their account which put down bribery, or prevented treatin g ? H e their votes concealed by the ballot ? Why, those whom my could not be regretted, and it would be unkind to prevent would be a bold member of Parliament who would say hon. friend describes— men who are afraid of losing their their emigration, which flowed to this country as well as to they had such an Act. They had an Act call e d th e e on . farms, who are afraid of being turned off by their landlord, America. It Was impossible by legislation to alter the laws rupt Practices Prevention Act. Did that Act put dow n or tradesmen who are afraid of being cast adrift by their that regulate human society. He moved the previous any of those evils ? That Act was laughed at from one customers. Would that be so ? In the first place, the land- question. end of the country to the other by every attorney's clerk, lord or the customer who intended thu s t o v i s it hi s t enan t Mr WALPOLE recommended Mr Hennessy to withdraw That act, founded on the report of a committee, was laid or his tradesman for giving a vote against his wishes would the motion, hold of by the Home Secretary and converted into an a c t canvass him beforehand; he would expect a promise, or he Mr HENNESSY declining to withdraw bin resolution, of P arliament. That was shortly after a n electi on o f mo re could apply for a promise, and if that promise were refused, Sir G. GREY 'loved as an amendment the previous than ordinary enormity, during Lord Aberdeen's admini- he would know what was meant, and would act accordingly question, which was seconded by Mr CARD the stration. The committee which produced th e repo r t w as —or, if he chose to wait until the election was over, he would Mr WALPOLE bad never heard an Irish debate con. composed of Attorney-General and Solicitor-General s , a n d ask the man how he voted, and if he did not wish to tell an ducted with more ability, and with more careful investi. the most experienced men on both side s of the hous e . Aft er untruth, which would be demoralising, having voted against gation, from both sides of the house. He trusted, ther e . a short time this committee, which was a kind of mons legis, the wishes of the landlord or the customer, they would de a l fore, that the effect of the debate would not be injured did as other mountains did, fell into labour and produced a with him just as if voting had been open. Therefore, as far by a division. ' mouse—a most insignificant little vermin—as it s offspri ng . as the tenantand the tradesman areconcerned, I say the ballot After a few words from Mr Monsell, Mr Lefroy, Mr The Home Secretary took hold of this report, framed it into would betotallyineffectualas a protection. Then, with regard Hennessy, Mr Esmond, and Mr J. Butt, a law, and said, "Now, there is an end of all your gri ev e to treating, the hon. member has told us how an election is The house divided. The numbers were— ! antes." In this bill there were certain provisions which conducted—that public-houses are open, that men belonging For the previous question .............. 80 enlisted the sympathies of a great many members of that to each party go to those houses which are in favour of their Against it ........................ 52 house. It did away with processions, ribbons, bands, and candidate. But would that be prevented by the ballot? Majority —3B other expenses which fell upon candidates and accordingly First of all, you would not prevent brib er y, b ecause a ma n Th e motion was not therefore put. members swallowed the rest of the bill, which from end to would go to an elector and say , 6 H ere i s or £lO, an d I si r p. SMITH inoved an address to her Majesty to end was inadequate, if not mischievo us , because it guarded will trust to your honour to vote for so and so, but I will direct an inquiry into the condition as to pay and all ow . candidates at the poil and placed the Punishment upon the not give it to you unless you make that promise." Well, auces of the regimental quartermasters of her Majesty's electors, To prove the inadequacy of the act the hon. mew- the man being without any particular partiality would be service, with a view to place these officers, should it see m her referred to an analysis of it which had been made by tempted to make the promise, and he would probably keep expedient, on a better footing. Of the late Mr Copapock, who had been intimately conversant it; because I entertai n th e opinio n of the electors of the After some remarks by the Marquis ot HARTINGTON, with election business. In the case of the late Duke of country that generally speaking they do keep their promises, the motion was withdrawn. Newcastle, who had turned out 70 of his tenants, and claimed Then as to your public-houses. It is very easy for a man Th e ceders of the day were then proceeded with, certain the right to do what he liked with his own, the late Sir R. in the manner described by the hon. member to make ar- bills were forwarded, and, the remaining business having Peel, although he did not approve of the propriety of the rangements that these public. houses shall be accessible only been disposed of, the house adjourned. act, said it was impossible to prevent it by law. Lord Ma- to those who brought signs or emblems by which it could caulay expressed a similar opinion when addressing his be known that they intended to vote, or had voted for a constituents at Edinburgh, remarking that to suppose a late' particular candidate. Well, I say that the ballot would be could be made to render it impossible for a man to turn out wrong in principle and that it is adverse to the habits Of a tenant at will, or discharge a servant, was an absolute Englishmen. The hon. member takes exception to the eosurdity. As they were approaching a general election expression I used upon a former occasion—that it is un the house would permit him to point out what had been English. Then I will vary that expression, and say that it done, could be done, and would be done again under that is adverse to and inconsistent with the habits of English- Act. He would first sketch the state of a large commercial men. Englishmen are proud of their opinions, and aro or manufacturing borough, and describe a few of the facts anxious to manifest them ; and therefore I say that a system which occurred at a contested election. The first thing to of secrecy is at variance with the opinions, practices, and be done was to secure a certain person, a man from the habits of the English people. It would be ineffectual too moon, known to nobody, who came, and went, and disap- for its purpose, and for these reasons I shall vote against the peered. The man from the moon descended on the borough, motion of my hen, friend, (Cheers.) and took up his position in some hotel, The next morning Mr BERKELEY would not attempt to answer the he paid a visit to Some licensed victualler, and said to him, noble lord, because such an attempt would involve abuu " :in this day week I will require forty breakfasts." Gene- dant reference to Hansard. The noble lord had said no rally this man from the moon was accompanied by some thing as to the state he had shown his boasted Act of person who was well known to the licensed victualler, but Parliament to be in—nothing as to his boasted constituen who said nothing. The man in the moon visited every other cies—not one word had the noble lord said. (Hear, hear.) licensed victualler in the borough and gave a similar order, He asked the hnuse to support that which the example of until he ordered breakfast to the amo nut of £-100 or £5OO, other countries had shown to be a success in preference to and then be retired from the busy scene. What happened that which failed. In short, there was not one reason which on the polling day ? In this borough there was a vast num- the noble lord had brought forward which had touched upon bar of establishments employing a great many hands, among his (Mr Berkeley's) arguments. He should take a division, whom were some 20 or 30 voters. On the morning of the with a view of eliciting the expression of opinion of honest polling day those voters went to breakfast, and from break- reformers, who were driven to a point, and were prepared to fast they went to the poll where they joined the crowd, or express that view which was their honest opinion. assisted in bringing up electors to the poll. About the The house then divided— middle of the day those men proceeded to certain unfinished houses, where provi s i ons , b eer, and sf F irits had been con- A or the motion 212gainst it veyed over night, E very b ody knew that those men feasted Majority ag a i ns t it —B9 Mr D. R. Mills was 's m at the exp ense o f t h e candidates, but who could prove it. Mll At the end o f t h e week those men received their full wages fa'accidentation. y shut out fr om vo ti ng i n as well for th e d ay t h ey were absent at the poll, as when vour of Mr B er k e l e y o at their wo r k. Th e b reakfasts were not paid by the same EMIGRATION FROM IRELAND , man in the mo on , b ut b y another man who descended upon " Mr HENNESSY move d the following resolution : the borough, and was equally unknown ; but he deferred That this house o b serves w i t h regret that the agricultural population of Ireland are rapidly leaving the country • and the payment until the time for presenting petitions against that this house trusts that her Majesty's Government ' will the return had expired. Let him now suppose the ballot a of devising direct their attention . to the s . ubject,. with view • ' in operation, and apply it to the case of the same some means by which the Irish agricultural population may borough he had described. In the first place, no man be induced to devote their capital and labour to reproductive from the moon would be needed. No breakfasts would employment at home." He referred to the great extent of be required, because in giving breakfasts a can- • . theemigrationfromt which w as at this moment, he didate could not tell but that his opponent's voters might be said, greater . than a any Irelan d, period dur ing thelastten years ; devouring his tea and toast. (Laughter.) In like manner to the rapid diminution of . the popula t ion ; to certain no candidate candidate would pay wages for a holiday when he did vies as to the effects of this decline of the populanon and to not know but his opponent's voters might be enjoying it at the actual result s , i n l an d go i ng out of cultivation;the re his expense. H e con t en d e d h e had shown how the ballot ; and he would supply defects i n th e ex i st i ng l aw—and all he asked auction of wage s , an d th e i ncrease of pauperism quality and inducem en t s o f t h e emigrants and (Hear, and divide.) H e k new h e s h ould be met by the the house was t o g i ve i t an opportunity of being tried, , showed th e their condition in the places to w hi c h th ey emigrated. He contradiction, " B u t th e b a ll o t w ill not do this. " To this he coursessuggested that th e G overnment had the choice of three for meeting the evil,— name l y, legislative m, easures replied that assertion was no argument. Let them turn to the Australian col on i es , w h ere a perfect reformation had that would rest ore concor d b e t ween landlord and taken place in th e s y s t em . Wh en the ballot had first been Ireland ; the em pl oymen t o f pu b lic money in Tenantpublicand re in introduced in Austr a li a it was met b y all the arguments - productive works; and, la s tly, the reclamation of waste used in this cou n t r y. Th ey would also find that the former lands. opponents of the ballot in Australia were now its warmest Sir R. PEEL, after adverting to the difficulty of properly supporters, and that th e on l y c l ass opposed to it were appreciating th e causes o f t h e d epressed condition of Ireland, seeded to reply to Mr Hennessy upon the two main points observed that there had been a wonderful revival, and pro- Roman Catholic priests. In Ireland, on the contrary, the Roman Catholic priests were to a man in favour of the of his motion, namely, emigration an ballot, and it had been objected to over and over again as and two condition of the agricultural population. With r, the to emigration from an argument against the; ballot that, althengh the voters Ireland, Mr Hennessy 's afar could conceal how they voted from them, the secret would '-- -----er oient, ho said, was not strictly be co mmunicated to the priests, The hon. member having correct, and he gave corn eel details of its extent, which had dancin g th e recently diminished, still further referred to the experience of Australia as evi-There was no doubt, he acknow ledged, that there .. successful working of the ballot, and having was a great desire on the part of land lords in Irel e- onl to facilitate the emigration of the redun read an extract from Mr Erskine May's work to prove the extent to which bribery had been practised at recent elec- dant p ot :alation on their estates, and he showed that emi countrY, asked the house whether that was a g mc oon had been regarded by Parliamentary committees as Which it ought to rest and be thankful a relief of the mass of destitution and superabundant labour The time was fast state ms of things t a gs wi t h approaching when the great elect • ' by reducing the number of those who consumed more than aIOLI saturnalia would be celebrated with all their filth- - ; org i es. they produced. As regarded the other point, the state of Intimidation would pr o d uce its reign of te• , r b r ib er , agriculture in Ireland, and the statement of Mr Hennessy would be let loose, and the briber and the bribed -'° ' would h ' e that land was going out of cultivation, he observed that Indeed, at th e e • •- • though there had been a decrease in cereals, there had been state of things would be prod„ Joining election this - -Ced ins a form which, he an immense increase i the quantity of land under cultiva • equally demoralised. Inde ventured to say, had never bee„ e tion, especially in flax; and with reference to his sugges try. Seeing, then, e without any other re- tiona, he remarked that an immense quantity of waste land medy, seeing that the present act of te , had been reclaimed, and that he did not believe there re - ardatoent was a dead letter, and that the e re was no other Proved so effectual that thny were een in this coun- I mained more than 3,500,000 acres of reclaimable land in the act on which they could rely, it WO:cf not too much for hi m island, In conclusion, he showed that there had been a to ask that a remarkable development of the trade of Ireland ; that its mode of treatt a i g voters which had elsewhere mould be tried in our country. Th e hen. mom capital had increased, that its tillage had improved, that impulse had been given to its industry, and that all this her concluded by moving the resolution of whi ch he had given notice. was owing to the innate energy of the great bulk of the Mr. J. LOCKE, in seconding the motion, said that at no People. distant period gentlem en o pp os it e w o uld have an opportu. Mr MAGUIRE co m pli mented Sir R. Peal upon the nity of exper i encing those evils which his hen frie nd had tone and temper o f hi s speec h . He observed that till the so ably d escr ib e d . He thought the thanks of the house land questio n was settled, and the tenant was secured a were due to his lion. f r i en d f or h av i ng a ff or ded to each of compensation for unexhausted improvements, there never them an opportunity of ascertaining whether or not they c ould Lawsperity in Ireland. Pass a Landlord and had retrograded on the question of the ballot, It was just Tenant , give the farmer security, and the rush of as well, having reference to the day which was not far d ia• emi g ra tion, which showed there was something wrong, taut, that they should register their opinions upon such a would be checked. question for the consideration of the British public. (Hear.) Mr MONSELL ce thsh proprie . The usual obj ec ti on t o the ballot was its impracticability; tors were interested ionnsid stoppiredng at emigthe Irish landed proprie. The usual objection to the ballot was its impracticability; tors Were interested in stopping emigration landed ; that if it con but the hon. m em b er f or Pomfret (Mr Childers) had do tinned at its Present rate it would lead to disastrous results. scribed the mode in which it was carried ou t i n A us t ra li a , Th e question, diffleult as it was, ought to be faced, and ho and had shown that an election scrutiny could take place as suggested measures that would, in his opinion, mitigate the effectually as in a committo-room of the House of Commons. evil. There was no doubt the ball o t did prevent a vast amount of Sir P. " It TE N a greed that the subject of emigration bribery, intimidation, and drunken ness . H e h a d t h ere f ore was connected with the land question, which required a much pleasure in seconding th e motio n , (Hear, hear.) settlement in the i nterest of the landl or d s of Irel an d. Lord PALMERSTON—Mr Speaker. I can assure the Aft er som e remarks by Mr MAHO, house there are many suggestions in the warning hand o f Lord ATHLUMNEY adverted to the encouragement the elock which lead me to be short, But l am anx i ous t o g i ven t o emigration in 1847 and succeeding years, to the state in as condensed a form as I can the reasons which i mmense sums sent from America to invite emigration, and induceea me as usual to oppose the motion of my hon. friend, t o th e littl e that had been done at horns to detain the emi- I Only say. as personal to himself, that I hope the result grants there, observing that with so many inducements to of his motion will not make my hon. friend feel so comfort- go, and so few to tempt them to stay, emigration could not house from the front Opposition bench] able in his present situation - [Mr Berkeley addressed the be stopp e d, What was wanted in Ireland was a state of —as to induce him - security, and the manifestati on t owar d s the people of a CITY SM.ERS COMMISSION. Y City y rd o a f meetingonyLadoAoi the Commissioners un o d f er S th ew e e p r r s esi of the was hold at Guildhall, deney of Henry De Jersey, Esq., Deputy. CITY IMPROVEMENTS. Mr J. DAIS' (principal clerk) read a report from the Im prcorement Committee in answer to several references relat ing to improvements in certain portions of the city. They stated that they had arranged with the Tallow-chandlers Company to purchase the freehold houses Nos. 71 and 72 Newgate-street, for the sum of £lO,OOO, and they asked the approval of the Court to the arrangement, and that notice should be given to the present tenants to quit possession at Christmas next, in order that the widening of the thorough fare might be at once proceeded with. The committee had further arranged for the purchase of the freehold house, No 70, Little Britain, for the sum of £5,500, together with the professional expenses of the vendors. This improvement is somewhat of an important character, as it will be the means of opening up a new carriage thoroughfare between New gate-street and Smithfield. The committee also reported the steps they had taken in reference to the proposed im provement at the corner of St. Mary Axe and,Leadenhall street, in consequence of certain houses at that spot being pulled down. After considerable negotiation they had suc ceeded in arranging for the rebuilding of the premises upon an improved line, the ground in front thereof to be laid into the street, and paved over by the Commission for the sum of £l,OOO and payment of the expenses of the vendor's sur veyor, The committee also reported the steps they had taken in reference to the several minor improvements. The whole of the re commendations of the committee were approved by the commissioners. The principal clerk read letters he had received from the secretaries of the City, Great Central, and Chartered Gas Companies, expressing their regret at the delay which had arisen in the presentation of the report of Mr Barlow, upon the questi o n of the presence of sulphur in the gas. Two of these parties enclosed copies of letters received from Mr Barlow, in which he stated that hie report was nearly ready, and would have been sent in last week, but on comparing the results of the experiments made with a view of throwing light upon the circumstances attending its production in coal gas, he had been struck with some remarkable facts, which required further elucidation, and might give a clue to the source from which it was chiefly derived, and with the view of determining that point he had made arrangements for some further experiments, which might occupy 10 days more. He consequently asked f or a fortnight longer to send in his report, which the companies would receive in time to com municate to the Commis s i oners o f Sewers at their meeting on the sth proximo. SANATORY CONDITION OF THE CITY. Dr LETImr reported on the state of 278 houses that had been inspected during the week, and he submitted a list of 138 places for sanatory improvements. He reported also on the condition of nine ro oms at 5, Bride-court, Bride-lane, Fleet-street, where 27 males and 67 females were employed in bookbinding. The total cubic space allotted to each per son was only 204 feet, and in the females workrooms the was space so onlyW s a m s all as I t 2 o 2 g c i u ve bi b c u f t ee 9 t 6 p cu er bic he f a ee d t perthe;oneheoafd. rooms Dr LETHEBY report e d th at t hi s over - crow d ing was in compatible with healthy respiration, and advised that mea sures should be taken at once to abate it. He referred also to the insufficient closet acco mmo d a tion, and to the inde. cency of having but one small closet for so many persons o both sexes. In the to carry out th e sum monedbecfooraersteho b the justices j t us e ek ti w ee e stor t w n e eg p l e e r e s t o in n g s have been sanatory improven,ents required by the Court, and in both instances the parties were fined and charged with the cost of the proceedings, the fine in one instance being £7. _ _ 1 The markets Ld slaughter houses have been duly in spected, and the officers have condemned 2,0811 b of meat as unfit for human food. The mortality returns for the week are a little above the average for the season. Sixty deaths were registered for the week, and of these 17 were amongst children of less than five years of age, and 14 amongst old persons. The chief causes of death were as follows :—Fhthisis 7, mesenteric disease 4, hydrocephalus 3, pneumonia 2, bronchitis 6, con tinued fever 3, scarlet fever 1, small pox 1, whooping cough 1, measles 3, and infantile diarrhooa 2—making together 14 deaths from tubercular diseases, 8 from inflammatoty affections of the lungs, and 9 from diseases of a zymotic character. TIM SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JUNE 22, 1864. STATE OF TRADE. MANCHESTER ; Itln@ 21 . — There is a pause in the market to-clay. owing► to the great anxiety which prevails on the question of a renewal of hostilities between the Danes and Germans. The absence also of advices from India, now three days overdue, prevents merchants from operating. For shipping yarns there are a good many orders in the market, which are held back till after the sitting of the Con ference to-morrow. There is an almost total ces sation of business for export. Prices, h owe ver are very firm, and few, if any, spinners have been dis posed to take less prices than last week. The general opinion seems to have been that it would be useless to press sales with the present feeling in the market. I❑ home trade yarns there has been a very quiet market, and there has been less than an average business. For cloth there has been a stag nation in the demand quite equal to that in yarns. Buyers seem to have quite an aversion to entertain ing offers of business, and the only operations re ported have been on an exceedingly small scale. Manufacturers are not pressing their goods on the mall -et in this state of things, and we do not ob. serve any actual change in quotations. There are some exceptions to this rule, where sellers have stocks and are compelled to realise, but they are comparatively few. The transactions of the day in both cloth and yarn have been of the most insigni ficant character. Messrs. John Slagg and Co. report of this day's cloth• market :—" We have had a most inactive week, and to-day business seems quite at a standstill. We cannot quote any change in prices, as nothing has been done to test the actual value of goods." AMERICA. TION BILL, Lord ST. LEONARDS opposed the measure, which be contended was uncalled for, and would produce mischievous consequences by destroying all confidence between attorney and client. To the other provisions of the bill he objected that they would deprive married women of a just protec tion they now enjoyed as to acquired property, and would restrict the power of disposing of estates by will. The bill struck at the relations that ought to subsist between hus band and wife, and at the true interests of the public. Lord CHELMSFORD thought the measure ought not to have included so many subjects having no connection _ _ _ with each other. The bill had no leading principle. - - impossible to discuss such proposals on a second reading, and he hoped the bill would be referred to a select could =Wee. Lord CRAN WORTH gave the measure a qualified ap. proval, but thought that the discussion on the changes pro. posed should not be taken at that stage, The bill was then read a second time and referred to a select committee. Their Lordships adjourned at ten minutes to eight. HOUSE OF COMMONS--Last Evening, In consequence of there not being 40 members pre• sent till half-past twelve o'clock, the SPEAKER did not take his seat till that hour. THIRD READINGS. The following bills were read a third time and passed : Lencester Canal Transfer—London and North Western Railway (Additional Powers)—London (City) Tithes— North Staff,irds'aire Railway (New Works)—North Staf fordshire Railway (Silverdale, Madeley, and Drayton)-- Sheffield Waterworks (Bradfield Inundation)—South Wales Mineral Railway—Swansea Vale and Neath and Brecon Junction RailwayTunstall Railway—Wellington and Drayton Railway—Wilts and Gloucestershire Railway. COURT OF CHANCERY (IRELAND) BILL. The house went into committee on this bill, and clauses from 1 to 11 were agreed to without amendment, On clause 12 Mr. GEORGE objected to the manner in which the bill was being pressed forward. Mr. WHITESIDE complained of the manner in which the bill was being forced throughout parliament, and said he thought it of great importance that a bill making such extensive alterations should not be dealt with in a house so thinly attended (there being no more than 13 or 20 mem bers present.) He was in attendance previous to the Speaker taking the chair, and only left the door to obtain a book in the library, and on his return he found that a house had been made, and in about four minutes nine of the retest important clauses had been smuggled through the house. He thought it highly unseemly in a Government, that narrowly escaped censure the other night by a majority of about half a dozen, and who met with a distinct defeat last night, to go on with this measure in such an objectionable manner, and at a day sitting. He again asked, was it at all seemly to press the bill forward under such circumstances. He should like to know if there was any mode by which the clauses already passed could be reconsidered. The CHAIRMAN (Mr Massey) said the only course open to the hon. gentleman was to move that he (the Chair man) report progress, and then on that being agreed to, to move that the bill be referred to a select committee. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL for IRELAND said he had been in the house since 12 o'clock, and if hon. mem bers having objection to the bill were not in attendance, he could not help it. He had had to wait for half an hour before he could proceed. There was no desire on his part to press this bill forward with undue haste, or without the fullest discussion, but it was absolutely necessary, in order to dispose of the public business, to take this bill into con sideration at a morning sitting. Mr WHITESIDE then having formally made a motion to the first effect, went on to state his objections to many of the provisions of the bill. Sir R. PEEL rose to order. He thought it quite in competent for the right hon. gentleman to persevere in his extraordinary speech which had lasted already two hours and a half in the manner in which he was then proceeding. His motion was for the chairman reporting progress, and he was entering into the details of the bill, when The eltAlßmAar ruled that the hon. gentleman was quite in order. Mr WHITESIDE then resumed his observations on the effects of the bill. Mr VANCE thought it highly objectionable that a bill of such importance should be considered at a morning s itti ng , especially as many members interested in the matter were unavoidably absent. e e -ee put it to the right hon. gentleman the Attorney.G enerat for Ireland whether the bill was one that ought to be considered in so thin a house. When the most important clauses h a d been passed there were not more than eight or nine mein. bers prevent. The ATTORNEY GENERAL for IRELAND mu . sidered the right hon. gentleman had abused the attention of the house by occupying it with matter as much relevant to the Great Mogul as to the provisions of the bill. He was amazed at many of the statements of the right hon. gentleman, and he could hardly reconcile himself to the belief that the hon. gentleman had any other object but to obstruct and defeat the bill. Instead of being opposed to the measure, the entire bar of Ireland approved of it. He was not to blame because the subject had not been fully discussed. He had been in his place at 12 o'clock, and although it was well known that the bill was to come on for discussion, there appeared to have been an arrangement between some parties to prevent its consideration. If the bill was not carried it should not fall through by any want of exertion on his part, especially as he believed it was cal culated to benefit Ireland very largely. Mr B UTT objected to the bill being sent to a select com mittee. The committee then divided on the motion that the Chair man do leave the chair, when there appeared-- Ayes .... Noes Majority The result was received with cheers and much laughter. The Cu,treaux accordingly left the chair and it being past 4 o'clock the sitting of the house was suspended. The house resumed at 6 o'clock. THE DIVISION AT 4 O'CLOCK. Sir COLMAN O'LOUGHLEN told the Speaker, that by accident he voted with the " ayes" instead of the Nora. Ho was told he was bound to vote. He did so, and then reported the circumstance to the chairman. He (Sir Colman) thought his vote ought to ba placed with the " noes." The SPEAKER said the hon. member having gone into the lobby with the Noes after the question had been put from the chair, he was bound to vote with the " Noes," therefore his vote must remain undisturbed. THE ASHA.NTEE WAR. Sir J, ELPHINSTO2a E asked the Secretary to the Ad miralty whether it had been taken into cmsideration that a sailing ship leaving Cape Coast six weeks or two months hence, and bound to the West Indies, would be obliged to adopt the "middle passage ;" and, in that event, whether the effects of a protracted voyage in such a climate on offi cers and men already debilitated might not be attended by disastror.s effects. Mr C. BERKELEY said that, before the noble lord an swered the question. he wished to put another of which he had given notice—What numbee of officeis and men now on the Gold Coast the Admiralty had been requee.t , -.(1 to provide Lerd ST. LEONARDS presented a petition from Rackerford, praying that the house would adopt measures to induce her Majesty's Ministers to take steps for the sestoratio of peace in America. The Earl of DERBY said he had heard that a geatleman named Levey, a Montreal merchant, had arrived at Bos ton by a British passenger ship, and before he left the vessel, it was boarded, and be was seized by a United States' officer and imprisoned. There was no cause assigned for his arrest, and after a period of ten days he was liberated, on the 6th of June, without any cause assigned either for his imprisonment or li'oeration. He wished to know if any information on the subject had reached the noble earl the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; and, if so, whether reparation had been demanded by him, or voluntarily offered by the United States Earl RUSSELL said he did not find in any of Lord Lyons' despatches any reference to the case. Perhaps the next despacch might contain something; if it did not he would write to Lord Lyons on the subject. PRIVATE BUSINESS. _ _ _ The Wowing bills were read a third time and passed : New castle- upon-T yne Canal and North Staffordshire Rail way Companies, Garstang and Knot End Railway, Wallasey Improvement, Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Gates head Gas, and Aberystwith and Welsh Coast Railway. ADMIRALTY WORKS AND LANDS BILL. This bill was read a third Limo and passed. SUMMARY PROCEDURE (SCOTLAND) BILL. This bill passed through committee. ATTORNEYS AND SOLICITORS REMUNERA• The LORD CHANCELLOR moved the secondimpo impo rtant ing of this bill. It was, he thought, a very tan measure, because the mode of remuneration at present in practice was thoroughly objectionable, and quite irrespec tive of the labour to be performed. The skilled practitioner was paid in precisely the same way as those of very small ability, and neither party were able to make contracts for certain work. Such an arrangement was very inconve nient, as it led to many evils, and he thought the time had now arrived when such a state of things shou ld b e put an end to. The system of copying and drawing deeds by folio led to verbiage, the very parent of litigation; and the object of the present bill was to enable a lawyer to make a contract with his client to any given work for a certain price, The present object was to eman cipate the lawyer —to emancipate the client, and the result would be, that business would be facilitated, and what was done would be accomplished much quicker than was now the practice, with fewer faults and with more certainty. Lord BROUGHAM, though he saw some objections to portions of the bill, believed it contained some valuable provisions. .~.,.. _ THE GAS SUPPLY TO THE CITY. Dr LETREBY further reported that the illuminating power of the gas cupplied to the City during the week had been above the requirements of the act of Parliament, for the average power of the City Company's gas had been 15,07 sperm cakiles ; of the Chartered, 14,63 3 and of the Great Central, 14.64. After transacting some other business the commissioners adjourned, ,~ [ADVERTISEMENT.I—HoIIoway's Ointment—Sounaness Renewed—Any indolent ulcer or chronic sore should imme diate;y have this excellent unguent applied to it in the manner pointed out in its accompanying directions. For thoroughly elSansiug a diseased or broken skin, and for rousing its poisoned vessels or depressed nerves to healthy action, nothing can surpass Holloway's well-known Oint ment. It strikingly shows the power when applied to the " cld man's ulcer," which settles on the leg and often be comes most intractable under the ordinary treatment, though no case has yet withstood this cooling and healing salve. The troublesome swellings preparatory to most ulcerations of the legs are likewise reduced by the diligent applications of Holloway's unguent, by giving strength to the weakened circulation through the capillaries. SPIRIT OF TILE PUBLIC JOURNALS. LEEDS, 21st.—The woollen cloth•markets in the public halls have been rather inactive this morning. The attendance of buyers being rather below a full average, and there being no great bulk of new and seasonable goods in the,halls, business wore a some what dull aspect. As to prices, they were well maintained, those of heavy and medium goods alike ranging fully as high as the quotations at the open ing of the present month. There is a little increase in the export trade, chiefly in heavy goods, for the Canadia❑ and American markets, and the manufac turers keep well employed in every part of the dis trict. Wools are without change in quotation, and the market for the English new clip is tightening. NOTTINGUAM, 21st.—At this exchange ball to day there was a pretty fair attendance, but, as higher prices were asked for lace yarns, only a limited amount of business was transacted. For hosiery yarns high prices were also realized. Silks as before. For brown nets the demand was slow, but prices had an upward tendency. ROCHDALE, 20th.—There was a good attendance of buyers in the flannel market to-day, and the same cheerful state of things existed as we have lately had to notice. Manufacturers bad no difficulty i❑ selling their productions, unless it wero the very finest fabrics, for which the demand was rather slack. Both heavy and medium qualities were in good request, at fully late prices. Yorkshire goods also sold well, especially scouring flannels. Wools are firm in price, though manufacturers purchase more to meet immediate than future demands. Execution at Edinburgh, Yesterday morning George Bryce was executed In the Lawnmarket, Edinburgh, for the murder of Jane Seaton, at 'Who, Midlothian, on the 16th April last, The wretched man was tried on the 30th ult. and Ist June by the High Court of Justiciary, and was defended on the ground of in sanity at the time of committing the deed. The jury found the prisoner guilty, but recommended him to mercy on the ground of the low organisation of the mental faculties. This novel recommendation evoked no public support to the pri soner's defence, but a petition was sent to the Home Secre tary by the prisoner's parent and also by his agents, urging a reprieve on the ground of insanity. Sir G. Grey, after con sidering the judges' report of the case, declined to interfere with the course of law. George Bryce was the sou of John Bryce, an innkeeper and coal merchant at Ratho, about 30 years of age, and had been employed as a carter about the village of hie father. His victim, Jane Seaton, was a nurse maid in the house of Mr Robt. Tod, of the firm of A. and R. Tod, of Leith, who resides in a villa in the vicinity of Ratho. Bryce had been a follower of Isabella or Lizzie Brown, the cook in Mr Tod's hou-e, who, however, discouraged the addresses of her admirer. Brycs's enmity to Jane Seaton apparently had its origin in the belief or knowledge that she had called him "a drunken blackgnard," and that she had been the cau-e of Isabella Brown's rejection of his suit. On more than one occasion during the 10 days previous to the murder he had endeavoured to obtain access at night to the houses, hot, without success. On the morning of Saturday, the 16th of April, he was early astir. Mr Tod usually lett his house at 5 or 6 o'clock to go to Lei h, and this was a morning when Bryce knew the gardener was also absent, so that the house was wi4nout male protection of any kind, and it was this time he chose for effecting his bloody pur pose. On Bryce presenting himself at the back door, Isa bella Brown seemed at once to conjecture his purpose of re venge, and after an effectual attempt to prevent his getting in, she ran round the house to warn her fellow-servant. Her warning, however ; came too late to prevent a brutal and murderous assault being made on the girl, whose screams brought temporary deliverance from the hands of her assailant. Mrs Tod, aided by Isabella Brown and an occasional worker who happened to be in the house, suc ceeded in releasing the nursemaid,and called to her to make her escape. Instead, however, of seeking the protection which the other rooms of the house might have afforded her, she ran outside, and, crossing the front garden, sought to take refuge in a neighbouring cottage. Before she reached this place of safety Bryce had, by jumping the garden wall and taking a near cut, again got her in his power, and this time with more determinate and fatal pur pose. Seizing the alarmed and trembling girl, he threw her on the ground, and indicted a murderous gash with a razor he had concealed it. his pocket, A few minutes after wards Jane Seaton died, after having been conveyed into Mrs Bienie's house, and having given utterance to only a few incoherent words. The fact of the murder was not denied by Bryce except in so far as he professed at his judicial examination to have no recollection of the matter. Ten and a half years had elapsed since an execution had taken place in Edinburgh, and the sight attracted an enormous crowd, which filled the street from the Castle hill to the ttoyal exchange, the windows and even the roofs of many of the four or six story houses overlooking the scene being crowded with spectators. All night through a large number of people lingered in the n eighbourhood of the scaffold, which was up about midnight, and as the hour of execution, 8 o'clock, approached, a multitude of probably 15,000 to 20,000 persons had assembled, The convict, who had been attended since his condemnation by the Rev. Dr, Glover and the Rev. Dr. Fowler, of the Established Church, and by the prison chaplain, had shown great penitence for his crime, and had asked one of the rev. gentlemen to write to the murdered girl's parents, and express his great sorrow for the injury he had done. To his spiritual advisers he acknowledged the justice of his sentence, and eagerly ac cepted their exhortations to depend upon Divine mercy. The unfortunate man went to bed at midnight, and lay till 4 a.m. The rest of the morning was spent in religious exer cises. At 8 o'clock he was visited in the condemned eel below the High Court of Justiciary by the magistrates and city officers, to whose custody he was transferred by the prison governor. He was then taken to the door of the court room, where the prison van was waiting to carry him to the sheriff's chambers, in the County-buildings. Here he was pinioned by the executioner, Askern, of York, and thereupon he was conducted to the scaffold, attended by the rev. gentlemen, and by tho magistrates and police surgeon. On reaching the scaffold he knelt down, and Dr Fowler offered up a short prayer. Askern then put the white cap over the convict's head, tied his legs with a cord, and adjusted the rope round his neck. The unfortu nate man was then placed on the drop, and the magistrates and clergymen left the sr affold. The executioner drew the bolt, and, with a few slight struggles, the convict expired. The drop was one of unusual length, and the scaffold being screened up to a certain height, the body was withdrawn from public view immediately on the bolt being drawn. A thrill of horror went through the crowd at the fatal plunge, and some groans were uttered for the executioner, who showed the greatest coolness. Before 9 o'clock the body was cut down, and subsequently interred within the precincts of the Calton Gaol. ,XTRAORDINARY DUEL AT HEIDELBERG.—A tragical event has just taken place at HeidelLerg. Late in the evening of the 15th, a student belonging to the body of the Swabians was found lying on the ground wel tering in hia blood. He had discharged a pistol in the re gion of the heart, but the ball having been turned aside by touching a rib, missed the heart, passed through the lungs, and lodged under the right shoulder blade, whence it was afterwards extracted. At first the natural belief was that voluntary suicide had been intended, but some letters which had been written by the student showed he had been the victim of a shameful kind of duel. A foreign student had been grossly insulted by the Swabian, and satisfaction was demanded; but instead of fighting in the usual way, an agreement was come to to draw lots which of the two should destroy himself within a delay of a fortnight. The lot fell on the Swabia . 'When the time was about to expire, the young man, whose father was dangerously ill, solicited an extension of the delay, but the request was refused, and the attempt at self destruction was consequently made. Some hopes aro entertained that the wound will not prove fatal, but all the entreaties of the heads of the university and of his friends cannot extort from him a promise not to repeat the desperate act. To all their solicitations his only answer is—" I have not pledged my honour to seriously wound myself, but to p ut an en d to my life, and I will keep my promise.—Gedinaa TIMES.—To-day the answers of the belligerent Powers to the last proposition of the neutrals will be presented to the ijonference, and we shall learn whe ther the present week is to end the armistice and leave the decision of everything to the chances of war, or is to see the beginning of a new treatment of the question entered upon with somewhat better hopes of success. Of the more favourable result there is, however, we ire sorry to say, little expectation. ke neutral Powers—England, France, Russia, and Sweden—have supported the scheme of arbitration. They consider that a question like this, involving the e e ion, may be &dye.... rac e a etionality, and langua ge o f a m i xed popu efegeously settled by an a bl e lat judg- Sovereign and hi s Ministers, 'minding their dia " merit on the evidence laid bef ore them 4to the . tricts inhabited respectively by G erman and ,ne They consider that only by such a nourse can the honour of both parties be saved, inasmuch as each has declared for a frontier which the other refuses, and neither will give way in direct negotiation. The choice of an arbitrator would be a matter for after consideration. There are not wanting Sove reigns in Europe well qualified both by character and known impartiality for the office. The King of Italy or the king of Holland would execute the task with perfect good faith. No doubt the neutral Go vernments, feeling that in the acceptance of this pro posal lies the last hope of peace, have urged it with sufficient importunity on the parties to the dispute, but there is unfortunately little hope that they will prevail. Of the three belligerents Austria alone, we believe, has shown any disposition to accept it. The Court of Vienna is far wiser and far less enthn siastiz than any other ruling power in Germany. It knows how unstable is the position of the Empire, how contradictory to its own principles is a war for nationality, how dangerous may be the precedent of a plebiscite, how little to its own interest it is to aggrandize the Prussian power, or to give the minor States a preponderance in German counsels. It knows that the continuance of war may bring upon itself and the delicate fabric of Austrian dominion dangers which have been hitherto evaded only by a most skilful policy. It knows that France must be waiting for an opportunity to carry out its tra ditional designs, that Italy is ready for a spring, that everywhere the chance of the Empire being involved in war rouses the highest hope of the refugee; that, in short, the whole world le looking on with expectation of some great result from the imprudence of a State whose most fitting maxim is not to move that which is at peace. But these views are peculiar to Austria. Neither of the other two belligerents seems to look upon the scheme of arbi tration as one that it would be possible to accept. The Prussians consider themselves to have posses sion of Schleswig by conquest, and will not enter tain the notion of withdrawing their troops at the bidding of a referee, however able and impartial. They think that with a little firmness everything they have sought for many years may be gained. England, they fancy, will after some sullenness accept the annexation of Schleswig to germany as an accomplished and irrevocable political change. Without having that low idea of the courage and enterprise of this country,which the majority of the Prussians now affect to entertain, the Berlin Go vernment really believe that the Danish question is not sufficiently important to this country for us to endanger our position by entering on its eccount alone into a war against the whole of Germany. Why, then, should they accept arbitration if by merely holding what they have already conauered they can separate the whole of Schleswig from the Danish Kingdom ? As soon as the Conference comes to an end, they can declare the two Duchies inde pendent, and inform England that their assent to the scheme of dividing the Northern Duchy is retracted as not having been accepted by the oppo site party. These reasons have so far influenced the counsels of the Prussian Court and Ministry that an unofficial refusal of the echeree of arbitration has, we believe, been already given by Prussia, and, unless other opinions have sinc e p reva il e d at Berlin, it will, no doubt, be formally repeated at the Con ference to-day. Equally resolute is Denmark to maintain its rights in Schleswig, and only to yield possession of the country to force. The Copenhagen Government and people, the Danish party in Sables. wig, and even the p:andered farmers and towns people of Jutland believe that they see in war a chance of gaining better terms than if they accepted an arbitration which might cut off from them halt of the Duchy. Not only does Denmokobject to the arbitration, but it sees with inapaiaence the duration of the armistice. There is, we believe, no question of a further prolongation, and this is chiefly owing to the resolution of the invaded State. The Germans would gladly let the armistice last a month, or even three months longer, for while they negotiate they occupy and Germanize; while they discias frontiers they are actively engaged in mak any frontier but that of Jutland unlikely to be chosen by causing it to appear that the inhabitants are in every part, and by a great majority, anxious for a union with the Confederation. But for these very s ime reasons, among others, Denmark desires that matters may be brought to an issue as soon as possible. If the Duchies are held three months longer, until the Danish element is crushed out, until the whole is converted to the doctrine that an independent dukedom is necessary to their happi ness, Schleswig may be considered lost to Denmark. There is no knowing what effect such a transfer of allegiance might have on populations which are now stanchest in their attachment to the Throne. No thing, then, they think, remains for Denmark but to fight as soon as possible, if it be once allowed that war must begin again. These are the people with whom we have to deal, sad it will be admitted that there is little chance of bringing them to terms. The violence and treachery of Prussia have long convinced the Danes, as they have now convinced England; that there can be no safety in any negotiation carried on with the Cabinet of Berlin. M. von Bismark is so ambi tious, so unscrupulous; his influence over the King is so great ; and war leads so readily to the improvement of his position with the people he has so grossly misgoverned, that we can scarcely hope he will yield to any considerations of justice or humanity which we can present to him. This country can only expect a change in his counsels by making it appear to his own State and to Germany at large how great are the dangers to which they exposed themselves. There is, indeed, no section of the Confederation which has not something to lore by a policy which places them in opposition to Eng.. land. Austria, the least guilty, would perhaps suffer the most, as her discontented provinces may be either reached or affected by a fleet acting in the Adriatic, while her North Sea squadron would be destroyed or driven into some neutral port. The movement in Germany consequent on a war might lead to risings against the minor Princes, and in favour of national unity, if even that unity had to be placed under the protection of the French Em peror. As to Prussia, if France remained friendly and neutral,the price demanded would be one which every German would shrink from paying in patriotic horror. We have not much hope that anything which can now be said will influence the reckless Government of Prussia, but it may be assured that the renewal of this war will be a calamitous era to itself and to most of the German States. POST.—The mere fact of the Lord Chancellor being the introducer of a bill purporting in any re spect to reform the existing law is in itself a con clusive proof that the branch of law affected by the measure stands in need of modification. No law reformer of the present, or indeed, we might say, of any past time, has effected so many unquestionably good alterations in our system of jurisprudence, and in its mode of administration, as Lord Westbury. Although when at the bar known solely as an eminent equity lawyer, no sooner did he become invested with legislative functions that: he applied himself with vigour and industry to the refelrmati" of many of the more glaring abuses which for cen turies had passed equally unobserved and unre dressed in every department of our legal system. When in the House of Commons he found time for the creation of an entirely new law of bankruptcy, and embodied his views in an elaborately-devise d and most comprehensive statute, which will long excite the envy and the admiration of future gene rations of law r e f ormers. Si nce hi s e l eva tion to the its woolsack he h as venture d on a tas k w hich, from immensity, might w e ll ha ve se emed hopeless even of ven to the most sanguine ---we mean the condensation the statute law; and already some progress last prog r v e e s s s tigs h e as been made in th a t gr eat work. of that cruel law which made the debtor amenable at the hands of his creditor to punishment even more severe than that apportioned by the Legislas ture to the commission of crime have not escaped Lord Westb a u r y ay ' s notice,enactments n will tsn doubtlessotindistinctly ere lon g be swept away shadowed forth by those measures which he has already added to ,:he statute roll, Within the present session he has, as the public are aware, in troduced a bill calculated to remodel in many im portant particulars the administration of justice i n county courts, and to abolish, so far as is possible by legislative enactment, the scandalous practice now rife in our superior courts of bringing speculative actions with BO other object than that of compelling the defeated litigant to pay a lawyer's bill. There are many other measures, and notably those effecting a consolidation of a large portion of the criminal law, with which the name of the pre sent Lord Chancellor will always be honoarably associated,but which it is needless more particularly to specify, Lord Westbury has been unwoarying in the fulfilment of those duties which, though by far the most important pertaining to the high offi ce which he fills, are for the most part entirely neglected by those who take their seat upon the woolsuk. Not contented with those important measures which since the opening of the present session he has submitted to Parliament, he has no introduced one which will, if confirmed, abolish the system which at present regulates the remuneration received by attorneys and solicitors from their clients. This bill was read a second tims last even" ing, and then, in consequence of some objections raised by Lord St. Leonards and Lord Chelmsford , referred for consideration to a select committee. Ia this matter-of-fact age, when almost every business transaction is susceptible of being made the subject of special contract, it has furnished no little ground for astonishment that law, which is the most c ostly and the most undesirable of all l ux uries, should be sold according t o a t ar iff over w h ose re gulation th e purchasers are permitt e d t o exerc i se no contro l. The fee of the mid w if e or accouc h eur under who p auspices an individual makes his entrance into the world, and th a t o f t h e p h ys i c i an w h o wa tches bi ° exit, may b e ma d e the subject agree. of speci a l meat , an i and the same ma y be said of almost over)" , tce wh act of ass, ch, between those eve ntful per i ods the i nn Jidual in question may require t the hands of his felit.'w men. But to this g rule there is an important ',. exception, If a man . of a litigious temperament, and is desiro t ia" gratifying what we may be pern.:itted to fault of oat morbid predilections, or if he throug , 2 n° ae , ,I his own, is compelled to have recourse to „ measures to caforre claims, or to resist unie° co viands, he known beforehand that the asstatan,4 which he must of necessity seek must be Paid o ' r . at a fixed, and at what he may consider an e 3 , oe . bitant, price. He may bargain with his w d l oc , merchant, or his tailor, of his landlord, or h ;,, is t a ture tor, but bargaining with his lawyer the ci f does not allow. If he wishes to jog the meme r y r . a debtor who ob s ti na t e ly rema i ns a pparently ° le en % scions of the outstanding obligation, ann by g tie threat of legal p rocee di ngs to procure 10 !ar um exs diate liquidation, " an a tt orne y's letter" is the it pedient employed. But this expedient lis e ttir marked price, from which an abatement is ne z not allowed by the law, b u t i s virtually PrObib ;a ox and whether the threat accomplishes its purPl e - tor not, the attorney receives from either the cr e ' l a j e or the debtor the statutory fee. But the set ae „ r ro a which obtains upon the threshold of all legs' Pr ceedings is equally observed through that I°l3 g„ t i e,, intricate course whi c h, w h en once fa i r ly in mot they almost invariably run. The co nsequenc e era! well known, No man c an f orm ev en a g en d e- to estimate of the expense whi c h h e ma y be forc e ot; incur in the vindication of it s l ega l rig hts, er li n f o r he believes to be so ; nor can hi s at t orn ey ° de him. Everything, as th e lawyer tells his ell en " a re pends upon " the other side." If difficulti es r - ne raised they must b e me t, an d , if poss ibl e , overe°;!. but then the cost of the victory must of cour se c . main uncertain. The att orne y may corscientie t usi a d o aver that he will perfo rm hi s d ut i es a s cheaply i s any of his conf ra t ern i ty ; b ut the ev il is that biy promise fails to reassure him who not unreaser,bo thinks that he ought to know beforehand amount of remuneration he will eventually be ca upon t. upon to give f o r th e f u lfil ment of n specified o,oyl The main object of th e L or d Ch an cellor u ith. is to abolish a system so obviously at Yarienee.rw those general principles which regulate the ; ra t action of matte rs o f b us i ness b etween the diaaes that of society, and which has nought t ° - t a bit port it except its antiquity. It is provided - co d henceforth it shall be lawful for every solicitor to enter into a contract with his clre all determining the amount of remuneration be "ios receive for his professional services, and to stiP ti : it that such remuneration shall either consist c i ar a gross sum or be ascertained according to a s!: 1 . 13 ; , attornel t agreed upon between him and his client. of fact, proposed that henceforth the rernuner a , t n re attorneys, like th a t o f a ll ot h er persons wu ° h a ll entitled to recove r p a y ment for their s ervices , s on be made dependent, if the parties so wish it, llby special agreement, and shall not be regillated.m, those arbitrary rules which have hitherto been 1- 1 , posed by the Legislature settling the rates of pay" ment. AVe are well aware that objections w rit raised to the proposed scheme upon the groan"; iy it will open a door for what will be aPP er , e - h t 0 cheap, but will be in reality dear, litigatioc• objections, however, rest upon the narrove-a grounds, and are utterly unimportant when vieW a e as beside those cardinal objections, based upo n ; a t first principles of eco nom i ca l sc i ence , w hich Presi-oa. - themselves to the ex i s ti ng system. DismiE,l 3- 8 - 1 from consideration th e f act t h at th e cos ts of leg proceedings are, even under the supervision of ing masters, scandalously great, there can exis t : p s just reason why th ey s h ou ld no t, lik e th e expen' s entailed by any oth er t ransac ti on o f life, be no", dependent solely u p on th e w i s h es an d the conve nience of those whose pockets they alone affect. COUNTRY MARKETS. BRISTOL-TUESDAY. The attendance of buyers to-day was very fair, and Is. moderate business was done in English and foreign who" at is per qr advance on last Tuesday's prices. Grindivg barley more inquired for, and a trifle dearer. Oats held fel Gd per qr more money. Peas and beans 6d to is dearer. MELTON MOWBRAY—TUESDAY, The following were the currencies :—New white whea t ! 41s Od to 45s Od ; new red, 36s Od to 40s per 36 stone beans, 39s to 41s for old ; new sorts, 35s to 37s per 38 atr o ; barley, 33s to 35s for malting, and 27 s t o 29 s per qr. ,5a grinding; new oats, 21 s t o 24 s Od per 24 stone; old, 01 to 28s. LEEDS—TUESDAY. There were fair arrivals of fresh grain this week, au cl E ; although the wh eat tra d e was not brisk, st ill there was s great firmn ess , an d an advance of is per qr es tablishe d on the sales effected. Oats and bean s maint aine d t o rater rates. Avera6es—June 20—Wheat 42s Sid Per q r• —Barley Od —Oats - - —Beans 36s bid —Peas .31s Od LIVERPOOL—TUESDAY. and country There was a fair a tt en d ance b oth of town dealers at market to-day, and rather a large busi.iity was done, chiefly on speculation, based on the Pr,° b n ab u i ted of the Conference being a failure. Wheat may ue,:i c i: ar et 2d to 3d per 100 lb, and flour 6d per barrel and sac' ki ted value the week. Oats an d oatmeal nominally unaltei; ited value or demand. B ar l ey, beans and peas only h a r : ra business, but fully as d ear . In Indian corn there sv .„ g et ther more inquiry, an d a ll t h e m i xed Amer i ca n offering 28s 6d per 4801 b was cleared off. MARKET HARBOROUGH—TUESDA Y • White wheat, 40s to 445; red, 36s to;39s per 36 S'o : " 2 - 9; 2 2 4 : r t ° ,_ Malting barley at 33s to 36s per q ; grinding, 7 „r 3 0 per 30 at, Oats, old, 27s to 295; 12 ' ew 20 s to at. ; beans, 35s to 43s per qr. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Jae " Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton. ...... 14. via Marseill es ......... July _ 4 brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. ....... ulY° ‘2 . 9 Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena.. .Ju n- Penang, and Singapore, via Southanipton•J une o7, via Marseilles ...June Falkland Islands .... ....... India (Calcutta), and C e yl on , Gibraltar, via Southa m pt on .. June via Southampton J une u ne 27 , via Marseilles .. • • 25. India (Bombay), via Southampt on June via Marseilles JaIY ' ........ Portugal.... July 0 . Malta, Egypt, and Adon, via Southampton June --:* via Marseilles July 0 Newfoundland .. June 22. Oporto and Vigo ket... U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.... Ju ne 30. by U.S. pac by Canadian packet.• June 24. All parts of 'West Indies, including Chili , Peru, 1 June 28. CA lifornia. and British Columbia.. .......... Births. I ro vE e ie sr ;• : : , ti tma 1 BUCKLA.ND. — On the 20th inst. , at Laleham, Chertsey, th e I wife of the Rev. Al. H. Buckland, of a son. _on the 20th inst., at 4, C rescent-place, N.W., H O LEOYD.—On the 21 st inst.. at 8 , .J. F. Poole, Esq., of a s on . v Susses-square, HYcl 3- park, the wife of G. F. Holroyd, Esq., of a son. AcoTT.—On the 18th inst. at Whickham, Gat es. hl a the wife of Pe rcy Wes ' cott, Esq., of a Baugh` ter. Marriages. HENNING--PEDLER..On the 21st inst., at St. Jam es's ' Piccadilly, Shurlocrc Henning, Major 26th Cameroniane, eldest son of W. L. Henning, Esq., of Feome Whitfield, Dorset, to Frances Amelia, eldest daughter of the l ate Colonel Philip W arren Pedler, of 30, B run swick-squa re, Brighton. WARREN—KENNEDY.—On the list inst., at Trinity Church, Bath, by the Rev. Samuel L. Warren, M:A• Fellow of Wadham College, Oxford, brother of the bride groom, the Rev. Edward Walpole Warren, 8.A., of Magdalen College. Cambridge, younger son of Sam u el ' Warren, Esq., Q.C. D.C.L., to Agnes Sarah, on l y child of John Kennedy, Esq., of Bath, late Adminis trator- General of Demerara and Essequibo, British Guiana. Deaths. ADDINELL.—On the 18th inst., at Dalston, Mr. Jet' Addinell, aged 70. DAVIES.—On the 18th inst., at Hornsey, the Rev. Evan Davies, aged 59. GnEEN.—On the 19th inst., at his brother-in-law's resi dence, 78, Bishopsgato without, Charles Percival Green, aged 50. HEXTALL.—On the 17th inst., the Rev. John Hestall, in- oumbent of Moseley, aged 72. MAGRA.TH.—On the 18th inst., at Denny-street, Tralee, Ireland, C. It. Magrath, Esq., aged 57. TILDESLEL—On the 16th inst., at North Hyde, Middle- sex, Mr. Isaac Tildesley, aged 55. TOWNSEND.—On. the 15th inst., at Dublin. Horatio Townsend, Esq., barrister-at-law, aged 62. London: Primed and PrNished by WIL.LLA.MAN DREWS of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tau SUN omee No. )12, Strand, In the Precinct of the 3avoy, u the C eunfi lskilex.7-Wedues day, June 22, 1661* MEI