The Sun. — London, England, 1864-02-15 00:00:00

THE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA. FltOM RICHMOND TO WASHINGTON. (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) NEW YORK, Jan. 27. So far as my own experience goes it would appear that there is no more difficulty in passing from Washington to Richmond and Richmond to Wash ington than there is in proceeding from the latter place to Baltimore, or from Augusta to Charleston. Of course, I would not have your readers imagine that it is desirable for a stranger to follow the example of the able author of " Guy Livingstone," and to talk secession publicly for many weeks in Baltimore before he hazards the experiments of passing through the lines to Richmond. With such antecedents he will probably insure failure when he makes his effort to cross the border ; but, as- Burning that he possesses ordinary discretion and confidence, there is nothing to prevent a man cross- ing backward and forward when he pleases except considerable exposure on the Potomac river and possibly a long walk upon either bank. There is, in fact, abundant reason to think that the seats of the two rival Governments of this continent habitually swarm with emissaries from the enemy. Such will probably always be the case when the belligerents speak the same language, and more so where their lines stretch over such an immensity of area. But it is felt in Richmond, and probably also in Washington, that the presence of spies is of wonderfully little importance. There is nothing that could injure the Confederate cause to be scented out in the streets of Richmond. for upon the whole, considering the irksomeness, the pressure, and the weariness engende r ed by the war, I do not believe that history can exhibit so harmonious and homogeneous a nation as the Southerners, Simi larly, from various reasons, and chiefly, as I believe, from their ignorance about the South, the war fever in the North has swept opposition before it, since General Lee's retreat from Pennsylvania and the fall of Vicksburg, It will take at least twelve months more of hope deferred before the North consent to drain the bitter cup so long and so resolutely held away from his lips by stanch old George 111. That this cup will have to be drained, if not within the next twelve months, at least within the next twelve years, is, in my judgment, as inexorable a fact as a mathemati- cal demonstration, as much beyond Federal preven tion as the revolution of the planets. There is a strange shadowy sense of unreality attached to passing 16 months in and about Rich mond, and then waking up to find oneself in Wash ington. To describe such a transition would demand not only unrivalled descriptive and antithetical ex cellence, but also some such quaintness of conceit as has exhibited Rip Van Winkle starting from his long slumber in Sleepy Hollow. In Richmond the spectator has for months and months been familiar with war about his path and about his bed, and at all his meals and under every roof. War is breathed in at every breath, wafted upon every breeze, heard in every sound, visible at every step. For grace and elegance and lettered ease there is neither time nor superfluity of resource ; nor, it must be added, are they compatible with the sublime earnestness of temper exhibited by man and woman. Sentries at the head of every street substantiate the passer's identity and investigate his right to be absent from the army. As earliest dawn breaks, you are awak ened by the long monotonous chorus of thousands of negroes, engaged in completing the defensive works around Richmond, and going forth cheerfully to their labour, which has long ago assumed such proportions as to defy the assault of 200,000 men. This is no idle statement of my own, but taken from the lips of the oldest, ablest, and least boastful of Confederate offi cers, whose name will suggest itself to every reader. Cannon are constantly seen in the streets—either new 12 , pounder Napoleons going up to the army from the Tredegar Works, or guns which have undergone repair, or field-pieces which are going North or South ; the well-known lean, lank, ragged "gray back" troops, with the same ,ordly defiant air of in dividuality and self-assertion as ever,constantly troop through the city, with their old wild, discordant yells making day or night hideous. The familiar Southern tunes of "Dixie" or " The Mocking Bird," execrably interpreted by a few fifes, a cornet, and a drum, con trast marvellously with the rich swell of fine Ger man bands in Washington, which render to perfec tion the "Last Rose of Summer," or one of Men delssohn's superb marches, crashing among the dis tant echoes of Pennsylvania Avenue. And yet there is a heart, a verve, and a sauciness about the Southern " Dixie" and the mien of its interpreters, which are looked for in vain among the stolid German musi cians of IN ashington and the gaudy troops bedizened with gold lace who follow them. Bat other symptoms of war, with the exception of the uniforms in the streets, Washington has none to show. The redundancy of" greenbacks"—those evidences, according to Mr. Seward, of a mighty nation's exuberant prosperity—is very perceptible in the increased crowd of the streets and the hungry look of greed which every face wears. But perhaps there is no sadder sign of the times which have brought sudden wealth to all and moral thoughtful ness to none, than the übiquity and boldsess of the frail sisterhood who throng every avenue and public resort, seeking the smiles of the contractors, pecu lators, and nouveaux rickes, and bending in a scene which could alone be photographed in language by the pen of a Juvenal. Ou every side money flows, as though the Potomac were the Pactolus. The dome of the Capitol, which once promised to share the fate without rivalling the beauty of Cologne Cathedral, is finished, and surmounted by a Goddess of such Liberty as even Madame Roland never con ceived. The hotels are thronged to bursting ; \Vil lards, in particular, is occupied by an excited, pike. eyed seething crowd, such es vibrates in the coulisses of the Parisian Bourse. At night theatres, gambling houses, " Varieties," and worse dens of infamy, veiled under no pretence at disguise, vie with the attractions of the " inspired Maid of Philadelphia," Miss Anna Dickinson, Mr. Seward's optimism is accepted without thought or comment ; no sound of war save the occasional boom of cannon being tried at the Navy-yard (a sound soothing to Yankee vanity) ever flutters the senses ; Mr. Lincoln and Mr. Chase openly, and Mr. Seward secretly, are s Peculating much more as to their chances for the next Presidency than as to the strength of General Lee or the designs of President Davis. P roceed next to New York, and the recollections of Richmond, blurred by intercourse with Washing ton, fade into the hazy distance, and can be recalled only by a vigorous effort of the understanding. But as ha journeys northwards from Washington the passenger cannot but dreamily contrast the memory of his recent sufferin%eupon the overtasked railroads of " Dixie" with the speed, the comfort, and the roominess of the Northern car. I shall not attempt to carry your readers into Broadway—a thousand times described, but as indescribable as Niagara— nor to enter upon attempt at detail. There is such matter for all feeling in this street that the mind sinks erushed. Luxury , ostentation, heedlessness, hearlessness—the richest furs, the gaudiest silks, the brightest bonnets, the most glittering di amonds, operas, theatres, concerts, cafes chantanes, ranee shows of every hue—why should I seek to prolong the list ? At Delmonico's famous restaurant. or at the 'liaison Doreo, Spaniards, Frenchmen, Italians, Englishmen discuss wines and viands to which no-. thing superior can be exhibited at Philippe's or at Vefour's. As for a thought of the war, of the 500,000 souls which it has hurled into eternity, from the North, or the 200,000 Confederates who have died grimly pro arcs et focis—why speak or think of such a ghastly theme? Good taste for bids its mention ; nevertheless, if ever among the upper ten thousand its name is breathed, it struck me that four times out of five the sym pathy w as with the South and Jeff. Davis. ista w y po!iremen in blne or gray uniform; patronise tie ladies if hustled in crowd d drinks withßroad way or take slyadmiring friends. Why i 3 it that Democracy converts the hotel , or railway co n d uctor, the clerk, the steamboa t policeman, and such like into a kind of demi god—a man only as good as his neighbour, but vastly greater and loftier ? Occissionally, w i t h the usual fanfares of magnificent bands, regiments " from our country's glorious battlefields" parade along Broadway witti battle flege tattered and torn, and (as is insinuated) riddled into shreds by the tornado of shot through which they have passed. I have, as it happens, seen too many Confederate battle flags which have been through • ery en- counter of the war, and which (as the Northern bullets are far more numerous than th Southern) have been exposed to a fiercer fir to believe in this demonstration of Northern bloodthirstiness. But the sight never fails "to bring the house down," and elicit the rapturous cheer of Broadway, which believes in the truthfulness of the exhibition, and makes many a secret resolve to keep far away from the spot where such scenes are enacted. But all things the most astonishing and bewil dering to the stranger fresh from Richmond is the sons and daughters. I have hardly patience to dwell upon the evidences of my meaning. A slave who has run away from Richmond, and gives out that he has escaped from President Davis, is ele vated into an authority, and mounts the rostrum through the columns of the public journals. "The Southern armies are melting away by desertion, and Lee and Longstreet can hardly keep the field," It will be as well to state once for all that in the spring, summer, and autumn months the balance of deserters is always in favour of the Confederates, but that in the depth of winter, while inaction and stagnation prevail, the Federala are, as it were, tethered by their teeth to their own standards. "North Carolina is on the eve of yielding to the blandishments of Gen. Butler, and, headed by Go- vernor Vance, will be back in the Union by the 4th of next July." Am I dreaming, or did I hear a fort night ago from Governor Vance that he would ra ther fight for 20 years than consent to anything but full, final, and irrevocable dissolution of the Union ? " Vice-President Stephens, the ablest man in the South, is at the point of death." Daring 16 months in the Confederate States I have never seen and scarcely ever heard of Vice-President Stephens. The list of similar chimeras might be swelled to infinity. As it was in the beginning, so it is now, and so it will bo to the end. Suppressw veri alter- nate with suggatio falai : the Union must and shal be maintained, because every man in the Northern States so wills it, and will give his last dollar rather than abandon the contest ! It is useless to reply that the dollars which they are giving are " bogus ;" that this war will be won not by those who print fastest, but by those who shed their blood most freely, and face self-denial with most sublime indif ference. " Constantly prefer a state of want to a state of abundance," says one of the wisest writers of all time. Behold in the contrasted aspect of two sections the moral conveyed in this apothegm ! I could not but think, in the first instance, of my parting conversation, a few hours before, with President Davis ; of his calm weighty analysis of the comparative strength of the belligerents about to close in a fourth and deathlier grapple; of his quiet earnest confidence; his kindling eye, Were it not that I remember that the deified Wash ington was surrounded on earth by detractors and vilifiers—that on his right hand stood Charles Lee fomenting by anonymous addresses discord among the American troops, and on his left Jefferson lend ing his great powers to secret defamation of his chief—l should search for special attributes in the Southerners to account for the fact that, although almost unanimous against the Yankee, they lack wisdom or virtue enough to appreciate the man whom, of all others, Providence has accepted for his mighty task. But, in spite of their indignant re fusal to be gauged by the measure of other nations, history is for the Americans the same revolution of cycles and repetition of incidents as fir every other people on earth. Secondly, as I looked down on Broadway, and mused upon its kaleidoscopic face, I could not but remember the reflections of one of the brightest intellects in Richmond, as he told me, when taking leave of him, in what garb I should find New York, and described the scene now before me with the in- tuition of genius, and in words which it would be well if I could reproduce for your readers. He said, " What delights me above all is to hear of the wealth, the splendour, the lavish prodigality of New York. Tiffany never had such a demand for dia monds, Stewart can hardly sell a shawl if it is worth less than 1,500 dollars. Never were there such im ports of women's gear from Paris, of articles de luxe from London. For all this payment in gold is in dispensable; the day of reckoning will come, though it may not be yet." It is impossible not to ask " When will that day come ?" I own that Ido not think the end is at hand yet. It is not necessary that I should waste your readers' time by pointing Gut that a defensive war was never yet stopped by financial destitution, and that therefore the depreciation of the Southern currency is of insignificant moment. But, although in the course of the present year gold cannot but constantly be on the rise in New York, even although the North may gain considerable suc cesses, it will be long before the fabric of visionary wealth which they are worshipping will crumble into dust. Upon this subject no warnings from an Englishman will be for a moment endured. I will conclude, therefore, by quoting an extract from an American authority, who tells his countrymen, if they wculd but listen to him, that " Tolluntur in altum, " Ut lapsu graviore ruant." In 1855 Professor Bowen, who occupies the chair of Moral Philosophy at Harvard College, pub lished a work which deservedly met with high approbation throughout the Northern States. I would venture to invite to this work the attention of all those who wish to see able writing about paper money and its delusions. Professor Bowen points out that in 1780 the continental currency issued by the American Congress when struggling in the agonies of the Revolutionary War amounted to 200,000,000 dole. in circulation, and that 500 dols. and even 1,000 dols. in this currency was offered for one in silver, He adds, in substance, the following remarks:—" It must not be inferred, however, that this rapid depreciation of the currency will seem to impede traffic or paralyse industry. On the contrary —at least until the depreciation has become extreme, say 500 for I—commerce and labour will be galva nized into unnatural activity, and a deceitful glow of animation and success—like the flush of a fever —will appear to pervade the nation. Prices rise, of course, as rapidly as the currency falls ; property which was sold for 100 dols. to-day will command 500 dole. or 1,000 dole. to-morrow. At the same time money is superabundant, and those who were once too poor to buy can now easily obtain the means of purchase. The pressure of debt is also lessened; obligations are cancelled by paying back what is actually but one half, one fourth, or a still smaller fraction of the real value which was due. Ease in getting rid of old debts only creates a thirst for contracting new ones. Commerce is thus stimu lated, while the basis on which it rests is every day becoming less secure. A reckless spirit of specula tion akin to gambling in its character and results appears to have seized the greater part of the com munity. The circulation of continental money in America in 1779, as we are told by a writer of that day, was never more brisk and quick than when its exchange was 500 for I.' And M. Thiers, speaking of the depreciation of the French assignats in 1795, says that to the horrors of famine were added the scandals of reckless speculation and stock jobbing, the sale of merchandise which had no ex istence —as the pretended traffic was only betting on prices—and the diffusion of a taste for luxury, dis sipation, and excess which is the invariable con comitant of sudden mutations of fortune. . . . Professor Bowen then explains the cause of this de preciation of the paper money, which he shows to be its excessive issue and the fact that it is irredeem able. Speaking of a reversion from paper to specie currency, he says+." The immediate consequences are in striking contrast with the results already noticed of the first issue of paper money and its gradual depreciation. The latter seemed to animate to reliev e th e pressure o f induqry and commeice, debt, and to supply abundant funds for enterprises which must otherwise have been abandoned; but the former seems to carry the community back by a cruel revulsion to worse evils than those from which it had apparently been rescued ; it is the state of collapse which sometimes follows the excitement and delirium of a fever. It is now seen that the issue of paper motley is really a desperate tn: , asi ire , that the relief which it promises is but tempor, r y, and that the prosperity which it causes is wholly fallacious." THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 15, 1864. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE, WEST YORKSHIRE. Tie report states that the expenditure on capital account has been £285,096. The net balance of revenue, after pay ment of interest on debentures, &c., is £10,422. A dividend at the rate of £7 per cent. per annum will absorb £7,918, which, with 4 per cent; upon the asset stock, £532, will make £8,450, leaving a balance of £1,972, The reserve fund now amounts to ,E 8,765. The main line and Ossett branch are reported by the engineer as in satisfactory condition, and the works on the Batley and Methley branches are ex pected to be completed during the summer. capital account during the past half-year amounts to £995,111, of which £496,041 was expended on the main lines, £132,732 for additional rolling stock, £25,000 sub scribed to the West London Extension, £263,260 to the North London Extension, £28,787t0 the Buxton Extension, £9,918 to the Disloy and Hayfield, £25,000 to the Cocker mouth and Penrith, and £2,570 for the improvement of the permanent way. The revenue account for the half-year ending 31st December shows that £2,677,408 had been re• oeived and £1,270,597 expended, including £40,264 parish rates and taxes, £40,310 passenger duty, £25,000. Parlia mentary and legal proceedings, £7,338 depreciation and insurance of steamboats, and £106,667 renewal of road, lea' ving a balance cf £1,397,811. To this is added £16,885 :rot' the precedinghalf-year, £9,106 interest on cash balances and calls in arrear, £29,763 rents of land and buildings, and £69,308 estimated dividends from other companies-making together £1,522,874. From this is deducted £255,088 for interest on loans and debenture stock, £11,004 for chief rents and interest on land purchases, £2,000 Preston and Wye lease, £24,000 Buckinghamshire lease, £2,750 Cannock mineral lease, £29,560 North Union dividend and interest, £87,451 Chester and Holyhead dividend and interest, £139,681 Lancaster and Carlisle dividend and interest, £4,473 Kendal and 'Windermere dividend and interest, £33,471 Shropshire Union Railway and Canal lease, £512 Buxton and Matlock lease, £l5O West London lease, £2,729 Leeds and Liverpool and Rochdale Canal lease, £14,637 Stour Valley lease, £23,590 Birkenhead lease, £6,000 Warrington and Garston lease, £2,597 Oldham and Guide-bridge lease, £BOB St. George's Harbour lease, £11,564 Shrewsbury and Hereford lease, £5,265 Merthyr and Abergavenny lease, £2,000 Cromford and High Peak lease, £4,626 Stockport, Disley, and Whaley-bridge agree ment, £2,375 Buxton Extension, £31,174 South Stafford shire agreement, £5,670 Shrewsbury and Welshpool agree ment, £7,138 Bedford and Cambridge agreement, £,OlO South Leicestershire, £2,661 Central Wales, 02,116 Hayd on square depot interest-total, £717,470, leaving a disposable balance of £805,403, out of which is deducted £784,198 for the proposed dividend at the rate of 6 per cent, per annum, leaving a balance of £21,205. SPIRIT OP THE PUBLIC JOURNALS, LONDON REVIEW.—Lord Russell's Foreign-office " piece" has had a long run; but there ere syra toms that the audience is growing tired, and if the noble lord does not play a little better it runs a ris k of being damned. Disguise the unpalatable fact as we may,the English nation has twice within the last six months had the mortification to see its almost menacing remonstrances treated with cool con . tempt. This succession of good things leaves a very bitter taste in the mouth. Pill over-night in the Polish affairs is followed by a pill in the Danish business the next morning ; and all our desire to believe the treatment scientific does not prevent us from thinking it unpalatable. As far as Poland was concerned we are far from condemning the Govern ment for either adopting or remaining content with diplomatic action. The treaty which gave Poland to Russia, in spirit if not in letter, made the great Powers of Europe into a kind of silent Protectorate. Lord Russell's fault, then, was not in meditating or in remonstrating, but in giving vent loudly to protestations that England would never take offence whatever the language held to her by Russia. One serious blunder disgraced the diplomatic negotia tion that otherwise would only have been inefficient. Lord Russell, in a moment of generous improvi dence, went down to the country, and on a country platform declared Russia's title to Poland under the treaty gone. When you do not mean to bite, it is a mistake to bark. But Lord Russell incau tiously went home and penned a despatch to St. Petersburgh repeating this exasperating assertion. On a semi-official threat of war from Russia—for it amounts to that—he withdrew it by a hasty tele graph. Lord Derby's Shakspearian simile here becomes not altogether inappropriate. Lord Rus sell and the month of March seem always to come in like lions, and always to go out like lambs. Having finished with Russia, Lord Russell's next achievement was his answer to the Em peror's proposal for a Congress. It is probable that the Ministry exercised a wholesome dis cretion in declining that barren invitation. But the Emperor of the French was a courteous and powerful ally. All that Lord Russell was called upon to do was to lay aside the pedant, and to be for a moment a man of the world. Cold, glittering, and logical, his despatch in reply to the French Emperor's suggestion read in the ears of all Europe as a polemical tractate. This was not the way to smooth over an obviously awkward duty. In the House of Peers last week Lord Russell defended himself characteristically upon this charge. He extracted two civil expressions from his letter and gave them, ore rotundo, to his audience as evidence that he had answered the Emperor like a friend and not a disputant. A more absolute proof of the iciness of the epistle could hardly have been dis covered. The two chilling and frigid extracts sounded llke the bare civilities which, in deference to society, a man pays in a drawing-room to his deadly foe. They remind us of the metaphor applied by the great O'Connell to the late Sir Robt. Peel's smile. They are for all the world like the silver plate upon a coffin. On the Danish question, Lord Russell has not been a happy or successful correspondent. The estimate put by Germany on the rigid asperity of his pen, was shown by the Saxon Minister's passionate reply to one of Lord Russell's letters. Nor have the Danes, it is said, more reason to be satisfied than M. von Beust. In obedience to England's earnest pressure, they have surrendered their diplomatic position, and as it seems to very little purpose. Foreign rumour— looking before and after, and perhaps not altogether unfamiliar with Sidney Smith's joke about Lord Russell's readiness to command the Channel fleet, even attributes to Lord Russell's advice the mili tary retreat of General Meza from the Dannewerke. This ludicrous piece of gossip betrays the amuse ment felt by foreigners at the policy of the Eng. lish Foreign-office. We are really to some extent this day the laughing-stock of the capitals of the Continet. As for the veiled threats addressed by the noble lord the Secretary for Foreign Affairs to Germany, we suppose they have come to nothing —at all events, they have been contemptuously neglected by Austria and Prussia, not to mention the smaller States. This time Lord Russell cannot be accused of perusing the plan he adopted with re spect to Russia. The Northern Cabinet was allowed to understand that we meant no blows, and it pos sibly availed itself of the considerate information. Vienna and Berlin were given no such promise. In disregarding England's summons to abstain from hostilities, they quietly took their chance of an Eng lish fleet in the Adriatic. This fleet, as they insult ingly anticipated, never came. An unfriendly critic might with some plausibility believe that the Ger man Powers had taken stock pretty fairly of the diplomatic thunder of the Foreign-office. The policy of much cry and little wool is positively fatal to peace in the long run. We shall be very much sur prised if Lord Russell is as popular in the City as a Foreign Minister as he used to be as a domestic politician. All these humiliations added up. The nation becomes daily more impatient, and at last, perhaps, surges into war for some worthless cause, because it is weary of giving advice gratis. Having steered out of war on great questions that we care about, at last we shall, out of sheer spirit, be driven to make war about a bagatelle. :WEEKLY REGISTER..—In his speech the first night of the cession, Lord Palmerston asked sarcastically, at least four times, whether his Government had not a policy—each question following upon some bold assertion that drew down ministerial cheers, respect ing the diplomacy of Downing-street with reference to the Dano-German quarrel. "We have," he ex claimed triumphantly, '• a policy — the policy of maintaining the peace and the integrity of the Danish monarchy, and we have to a great extent succeeded in it." And this was said while the Danes and the Germans were hotly engaged in mortal com bat, and while the kingdom of Denmark waa in the act of dismemberment, The war, which we have all along anticipated, has broken out, and the Danish army, seeing no chance of holding their fortified position against the overwhelming masses of the enemy, have abandoned the Duchy of Schleswig, and retreated to the island of Alsen. Had they done so ten days ago many lives would have been spared, much irritation would have been avoided, and the chances of King Christian's re taining the Duchy of Schleswig would have been very much better than they are now. We are in a position to state confidently that when the Austrian troops were set in motion, there was every wish in the Government of Vienna to preserve Schleswig, at least, for the King of Denmark. How far that wish has been modified or rendered difficult of accomplishment by the events that have since oc curred, is another question, All we can say—and we say it with confidence—is, that if Denmark should lose the Duchies, Lords Palmerston and Russell and their newspapera will have done the mischief. They stung Germany into fury by their insolent scolding and menaces, and they encou raged the Danes to obstinacy and rashness by their pompous parade of British sympathy, and their pro mises of aid, which was not to come when wanted. This they did thinking that France would take part with them in intimidating Germany. But the German Courts, great and small, knew better, and Austria and Prussia were assured their advance to the Schlei and across it would not cause a French army to advance to the Rhine. And the same good authority also made them quite easy with re gard to Sweden and Piedmont. This we stated a fortnight or three weeks ago, and we now repeat it, in the teeth of assertions of a somewhat opposite character, that have fallen from the First. Minister and the Secretary for Foreign Affairs. These ministers denounce Austria and Prussia for going to war after Denmark had promised to comply w ith all their demands, and after her Majesty's Government undertook to guarantee the fulfilment of that promise. In the first place, there was no such promise and no such undertaking. The King of Denmark pro mised to convoke the Rigsdag in six weeks, with a view to their sanctioning the revocation of the Con stitution of last November, which is a very different thing from promising absolutely to recall the Con stitution; and the British Government promised to invite the Governments of France, Russia, and Sweden to join them in a Protocol requiring the Danish Government to fulfil the promises made to Germany by the late King of Denmark before the Treaty of 1852 was perfected, which is a very different order indeed from that of guaranteeing the revocation of the new Danish Constitution. But even if the promise and the guarantee were what they are erroneously stated to have been, they came too late. Such as they were, they were not submitted to the Cabinets of Vienna and Berlin until the order had been given for the Austrian and Prussian armies to advance, and all the arrange ments for taking forcible possession of Schleswig were completed. If Lord Russell, instead of "med dling and muddling," had gone to work discreetly, and devoted to statesmanlike diplomacy the time he wasted in mischievous lecturing and hectoring, it is not at all improbable that war between Ger-- many and Denmark might have been prevented ; but be only became discreet and civil when he f ou nd that bullying would not do, and, in the ex. c i te d stet© of German feeling, it might have been more that t he thrones of Austria and Prussia are worth to have !heat countermanded the order to advance. Sr ECTATOR.—Patrietism and valour, heroism and self-sacrifice, have all alike failed to stop the bul lets, and the mil itar y t y rannies of Uermany are masters of the half of Schleswig. General de Merl t he Jew soldier in chief command o f the Danish finding that the Prussia ns could cro ss army, the Schlei, that the Dannewerke was thereby turned, and if he remained his army would be forced either to accept battle against twofold num, Island of Aslen. 'the Danes fought in their, retreat with despairing courage, defending hedge after hedge. The people of Flensburg defended their barricades till they had killed a thousand Germans ; and at Oversee, when utterly outmatched, a Danish regiment flung itself upon the Austrian batte ries, and, though almost destroyed itself, saved the remainder of the army. It is all useless, for " the rain descends alike on the just and on the unjust," no moral superiority counterbalances bayonets, and England does not seem even to feel the grandeur of the effort the hope of her support has tempted brave men to make. The Germans, flushed with their victory, have, to prove their respect for the Treaty of 1852, already " suspended" the Danish Govern ment, and to show their devotion ,to justice and nationality have ordered that Danes as well as Ger mans shall use the German tongue. The people north of Flensburg are still ready to die for their country ; but the people south of that point are allowed to speak for both, and to proclaim Prince Frederick as Duke alike of the willing and the un willing population. All Danes within reach of the Hungarians, Croats, Slavons, Italians, and Austrians, who make up what Vienna calls a German army, are expelled, Germans who think freedom worth as much as nationality are compelled to follow them, and hundreds of quiet families guilty of loyalty to an English treaty are wandering northwards in this bitter weather, without home or shelter or goal, cursing, we fear, the sympathies which induced them to believe that England, even when not bound down by a lawyer's contract, could still be relied on to help freemen against violent wrong. The Danes, it is believed, will still, with the persistence of their Scandinavian blood, maintain the contest, harassing the invaders from Alsen, and by sea, until events once more turn, but there is no real ground of hope; forty millions of people in earnest are not to be re sisted by less than two, however individually supe rior, and the Germans are in earnest. They are en joying the threefold luxury of seeing that when combined for evil they are strong, of hoping that one day they may be powerful also for good, and of insulting the power whose political freedom is a standing reproach to a people who desiring liberty and unity are still the meek subjects of 30 prince lings, and they will quaff the cup to the bottom. Why not ? God is far off, and England afraid of Napoleon, and the world for the moment is theirs to do what they will—to destroy Denmark if they like, in order that Prussian recruits may become veterans, and that Hapsburg may not outstrip Hohenzollern in the race for the hegemony. What matters if a treaty is broken when the judges are afraid to enforce it, that every little nation in Europe is thrown open defenceless to the assaults of its neighbours, that a nation is dying as some queenly woman might die if assailed by wolves, that every honourable heart in Great Britain is beating slower for shame at the spectacle of triumphant wrong? Arc not the victors Germans, and are they not the ruling race of earth, the only one from which the world picks kings—competent for anything except freedom and fidelity ? It is useless, however, with Tories hungering for a surplus, and Liberals thirst ing to show the world that England means peace even when peace is humiliation, to write about treaties, and honour, and nationalities, and " abstract ideas" of that kind. The only argument which comes home in the present temper of the aristocratic mind is interest, and we ask them just to consider for a moment whether apathetic inde cision is in this matter their true interest ? Are they really prepared to allow two great Powers to tear a province from a little Power because a sec tion of the inhabitants of the province speak the same language as one-half of the two aggressive populations do ? Because, if they are, we want to know on what principle they intend to fight for the Channel Islands, or the Mauritius, or Gibraltar, or any one of the thirty dependencies of Great Britain in which English is not universally spoken. That Germany intends to keep the Duchies is, we hold, certain, and to keep them upon the ground of national consanguinity. These Powers have been driven to the war which qua war they did not de sire by the pressure of German feeling, which feel ing has been intensified by every military success, and will most certainly not permit them to sur render the long desired prize. The Courts have been from the first unable to resist the commands of the excited democracy of Germany, and nothing has occurred in the war to strengthen their power over their peoples' passions. If they yield to them they are safe, and except their own safety what have they to consult? There is the Treaty of 1852, but the Hohenzollerns have just violated a contract of at least equal validity. M. Bismark writes openly that a quarrel with Smith dissolves all contracts with Jones, and the Hapsburgs have broken every engagement they ever; made, unless, indeed, it bound them to make priests a little stronger. There is France, but Germany, united, thinks herself a match for France, sings in her spasm of energy conga about wringing " Elsass " from the stranger, and doubtless were France only as weak as Denmark would try to exe cute her threat. There is England, but Germany repeats with sneering gusto that Earl Russell's threats are wind ; that England fights only when her interests are insperilled, and that national dig nity is not in England considered an interest. The two Powers can break the: Treaty, and they will, if only it is clear that breaking it will pay; and with provinces to acquire, a democracy to conciliate, a weak foe to outrage, and only England to insult, who can doubt that the profit is secure ? There will be, of course, negotiations, for German professors love to prove rights on paper; there will probably be half-a-dozen subterfuges, for a plain appeal to the sabre might bring a flash into Englencrs sleepy eyes; there will, doubtless, be a popular vote, for, as Jules Favre said, modern creeds require us to search the victim's entrails for fay ourable auguries ; but when all these things are done Denmark will have lost Schles wig, and a nationality older than our own will be left without resource save that one which seems pleasant only to Buddhists, absorption in something greater than oneself. Is it our interest to allow this example of successful violence to tempt France to seize the Rhine, and Russia the frontier of the Balkan? Resisting either of those two ag gressions would cost us rather more than sending a fleet to Venice and an expedition into Jutland, yet those are the ultimate dangers which we risk in order to avoid the possibility of the first of them. We may avert them, say some Redical s , steadily refusing to mingle in any Continental affair, as, in deed, it is possible to avoid troublewh l e ,ha nt t s h i e next house is on fire by calmly goin g to bed. non intervention in perfection ; but then there is risk in that course as well as cowardly neglect of duty. Fortunately there is not th e sma ll est f ear o f Englishmen forgetting that dignity is at least element in comfort, or holding that human beings an are to . them mere objects of scientific interest, consenting to live as members of a family scorned by er all the families with which it must per force asso ciate. Short of a policy of selfish isolation, of watching crime . with a sensation of amusement, i surely the interest of Great Britain that her frend s ship should have some value, and her enmity some . importance,. that her vote for peace and freedom should weigh with armed despots, that her "opinion" should be something more than the shout of an 'edu cated mob. Yet that is the position to which we are reduced if the governing class insists that oe have aau d s eo forsooth a o rs l h o l o t th a f ri we e h n a d v s e h s i an a o p g c ges te s d k a f n r ln aoma rk we , conference— have recommended chloroform in order to make amputation easy. SATURDAY REVIEW.--Out Of the multitude of - plans for metropolitan railways already deposited, the materials can be found to piec e out almost any general scheme which could possibly be determined on, and all that is needed now is t o perform the task cc o po s lu e es i . e p c t rT in o o jo. e cm o t se a n s at o si me o they intelligible eoynlay appear ap e few ar of in and tthhee consistent mreop roerteoon p f s r tp i n he Board of Trade, we find, first, an entire system of lines proposed by the Metropolitan Rail y.Tghde.et has short stre lino from Pad dington Cts Company. n Farrin onwa provedl l so Rail way successful that it is intended to e x t en d it from both extremities, to shte, and 111 in o t r o i e i s i a e n u d s thelack Blackwell Vic toria Station on the South and West; g and it is also proposed to make other subordinate lines to improve the connections with th e main trunk railways, be sideslvooda baranndchthtoeiinitarrnodpead h introduce into the system St. J o h n ' s allway. A different project, having the same, object of Kensington making the cir cuit of London, co mmence at the Sta tion, pierces through Chelsea and Pimlico to the Victoria terminus, thence goes direct to Westmin ster and r i es lowershill Embankment,. and on by i s o. t e n r e t io n along w with he the B throws outoaneek te? the Metthreo a w r a m ll to and th N e o N r o th rth L a o s nd l e a n r where it forms a lines, and P T o la li a t m an e . s tunnel or otherwise, to bring river, by on n ere is yet anothes, line, and another across the connecting all their company into the general circuit. Then the Southern lines the east sidewith a group of lines hitherto useless tun l ofnLorthern and southern railways schemes the Blackwell ondon, and also putting for ward its independent claim for the occupation of the hio l k n v a va d i d l i i ti t o a n ilv, to ,ay th c e o s m e inde pendentpanyNorti- it to the d' has i ts own ' f p ero n or connecting its system with the Great and. Midland Railvvays,and extend ingist.ricts of Tottenham rod Edgware. By a wider circuit united with the I the Great Eastern again is to be systems, with the railways of the north of London and !he North-Western and Metropo litanfliught for by The unbuilt Embankment is to be various companies who compoto for STOCKTON AND DARLINGTON. The report of the committee of this section of the North= Eastern Company states that no change can now take place in the authorised capital, excepting thcse alterations of loans into debenture stock provided for by the company's acts prior to the amalgamation, The calling up of the unpaid ordinary shares until the full amount of £25 each is paid will be continued. The reserve fund, with the addition of other sums belonging to the Stockton and Darlington sec tion, now amounts to V 5,240, and the committee advise that this amount be left for the present intact. Tho earnings of the amalgamated companies have enabled the committee to recommend that a dividend at the rate of S per cent, per annum be declared for the past half year on the ordinary shares, leaving a balance of £2,879. HEREFORD, HAY, AND BRECON. The report of the directors states that the terms of a working agreement hk ve been arranged between this com pany and the Kingston and Eardesley Railway Company. The directors have concurred in the introduction of a Bill permitting the Brecon and Merthyn Company to make working arrangements with this company. The engineer's report states that the works on the second section of the line were steadily progressing. The whole of the earthworks and bridges between Eardesley and Hay have been com pleted, and the works between the latter place and the junc tion with the Mid .Wales line are in a forward state. VALE OF NEATH, The report states that the receipts for the half year ended the 31st December, 1862, were £51,632, and the expenses £27,602, and for the half year ended the 31st December, 1863, the receipts were £62,665, and the expenses £28,473, showing an increase in the receipts compared with those of the corresponding period of the preceding year of £10,933, and in expenses of only £B7l. The extension of the line from Neath to Swansea was opened for coal traffic on the 15th of July, for passenger traffic on the Ist of August, and for general traffic on the 24th of August last, and the re sults of the extension had fully realised the expectations entertained, having added considerably to the revenue, while, on the other hand, the working expenses had been but slightly augmented. The narrow gauge had been laid down between Swansea and a junction of the West Midland section of the Great Western Railway at Aberdare, and it was proposed to complete the narrow gauge to Merthyr, so as to connect the company's lines with the narrow gauge lines terminating there. The amount available for dividend was £14,273, which would admit of a dividend at the rate of 4 per cent. per annum, carrying forward a balance of £790. The capital account to the 31st of December last showed that £1,410,418 had been received, leaving a balance of £34,337 unexpended. The revenue account for the half-year showed a total receipt of £62,565, and a total expenditure of £29,115, leaving a balance of £33,450. ULSTER. Th.?, half-yearly meeting of this company was held on Wednesday at Belfast, Mr. W. Coates in the chair. The report was read by the Secretary. The CHAIRMAN, in moving the adoption of the report, said he would be glad to hear any remarks on it or to answer any questions respecting further information that might be desired. Mr. W. C. ALLEN seconded the motion. Captain GRAY said he considered that the report and accounts were very satisfactory. He thought the new sta tion at Portadown was very creditable to the engineer; it was not only spacious, but complete in every respect. He felt certain that the shareholders were well satisfied to re ceive the handsome dividend of 5 per cent. He believed there was not another railway in Ireland paying so much. For the last five years the company had declared larger dividends than any other railway company in the country. In order to preserve their prosperous position they should have nothing further to do with extensions until after the company had a few years' rest. Those new schemes were were generally got up by solicitors and engineers, who no doubt gained by them ; but they generally proved most un profitable to the shareholders. Mr. THOMSON contended that the company should issue return tickets to third class passengers as well as to first and second class passengers, and he believed the result would be satisfactory. Resolutions were passed adopting the report and declaring a dividend at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum on the ordi nary shares, less income-tax, payable on the 19th inst. A vote of thanks to the chairman concluded the proceedings. LYTHAM AND BLACKPOOL. The half-) early meeting of this company was held re cently at Lytham, Mr. J. C. Milne in the chair. The report, which was adopted, stated that the receipts on the capital account amounted to £65,200, and the expen diture to £65,858. The cost of land at the Blackpool end had exceeded the, Parliamentary estimate by £lO,OOO. The re venue account showed that the receipts for the s:x months ending the 6th October last amounted to £2,674; the work ing expenses to £1,154, and the gross profit to £1,520, from which was deducted interest on about £2.0,500 borrowed, leaving a net balance of £1,113. The directors, finding the fares originally fixed were too low, had raised them. Ap plications had been made to Parliament for powers to make a railway from the company's line at Blackpool to Fleetwood. EDINBURGH AND BATHGATE. The half-yearly meeting took place at Edinburgh on Friday, Mr. Hill in the chair. The traffic returns received from the lessees (Edinburgh and Glasgow) amounted to £G,215 for the half •year, showing a decrease of £5O, caused by a decrease in the tonnag3 of minerals. The directors had taken steps to protect the interests of this company in the bill for the amalgamation of the Edinburgh and Glasgow and other railways. The usual dividend of 6s. per share was announced. The report was approved, and Mr. Hill was le-elected chairman. DUNABURG AND WITEPSK. The report of the directors states that Mr. Williams, the resident engineer, was despatched to Russia in the month of June last for the purpose of laying out the line and making alt necessary arrangements for commencing the works. A contract had been subsequently entered into for the pur chase of the whole land required for £34,000. Considerable progress had already been made in the works commencing at Dunaburg. The expenditure necessary for the works gene rally for the present year had been estimated at about £500,000. The board proposed to make a call of £5 per share early in the spring, which would pro Luce £130,000. Some of the proprietors having expressed a wish to pay up their shares in full, so as to have 6 per cent, on the amount during construction, the directors were prepared to give the opinion to the shareholders of paying up calls in advance on the shares to the extent of £SO per share ; and should the company's outlay require payments equal to the original estimate of £B3 per share, the directors had no doubt they would be able to provide the small balance of the issue of debentures. After the opening of the whole of the line the receipts, including the Government guarantee, would be distributed rateably over the shares, according to the amount paid up on each. The report of Mr. J. Hawkshaw, the engineer, stated that although the contract with Messrs. Pete and Betts for the construction of the railway was only signed on the 23d of June last, very satisfactory progress had been made. Beginning at Dunaburg the earthwork and culverts for a length of 22 verets had been completed, and the rails had been laid for a dis tance of 18 vents, and at Dunaburg a junction had been effected with the Riga and Dunaburg Railway. The contrac tors had been supplied with working sections of the line from Dunaburg to Polotsk, a distance of 152 verets, and they had made arrangements for the vigorous prosecution of that portion of the works so soon as the winter terminated; in the meantime they were delivering materials along the line. The expenditure on capital account to December 31st amounted to £257,647, including £114,000 caution money deposited at Riga, leaving a balance of £27,935. DUTCH RHENISH. The receipts for the fortnight ending January 31, 1864, amounted to £8,187, and for the corresponding period last year to £7,426, showing an increase of £761. The receipts since the commencement of the present book-year, May 1, 1863, including the above, amounted to £174,393, showing an increase, as compared with the corresponding period of last year, of £11,525. The working expenses for the fort night amounted to £3,779, or 46.14 per cent. of the receipts, and for the corresponding period of last year to £3,453, showing an increase of £326. Tho working expenses, from May 1, 1863, to Jan. 31, 1864, amounted to £67,991, or 38 . 85 per cent of the receipts. sou ra YORKSHIRE. It appears that the directors of this company intend to propose at the next half•yoarly meeting a dividend at the rate of 5 per cent, per annum upon the stock of the com pany, LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN. The capital account of this company to the 31st of De cember, 1863, states that the receipts on stock and slitreß amount to £25,538,111, on debentures to £10,269,730, on on temporary loans to £250,000, on 3f per cent, debenture stock, to £310,830, and on 4 per cent, debenture stock to £1,875,137—t0ta1, £38,293,808, interest and dividend on the whole of which is charged to revenue. The total ex pAnditure on the main lines, land, works, &c,, amounts to wagons, & c ., t o ££427,o,63979,3,B273%—nforlaenndgsineand carriages,building yielding rent s f.' s, £463,907—0n railways in which th e company have an i-- terest £5,416,472—and for the manent way £3IQ leaving - - —,,,,yeroettt of the per-' togethet £37,667,047, " Dalanco of £626,761, The enenditure GREAT NORTHERN. The report of the directors o f th is company states that, up to the 31st of December, £12,729,323 have been ex pended on capital account, and £12,689,416 received, the expenditure being £39,907 in excess of the receipts. The expenditure of capital during the half year was £305,630, but the balance of the premium realised by the sale of £115,000 irredeemable preference stock, has with other small sums been pieced to the credit of this account, The net amount of expenditure is therefore £299,335. The net increase in the balance, as compared With the same half of 1862, is £6,084. The sum available will yield the follow ing dividends :—On the original stock at the rate of £8 lbs. per cent, per annum ; giving for the half-year £1 7s. 6d. to the original stock, £3 to the B stock, and £5 15s. to the A stock, leaving ,a balance of £213. The dividend for the year 1863 will therefore be £6 10s. per cent, on the original stock, £6 per cent. on the B stock, and £7 per cent, on the A stock. LONDON AND BLACKWALL. The report of the directors states that the total revenue for the half-year ending the 31st December last, with the balance of £t.169 from the previous account amounts to £66,851. and the expenditure to £22,617, leaving a net profit of £44,234; and, after payment of interest on deben- Mres, there is a balance of £35,750 available for dividend. This balance enables the directors to provide for dividend on the £250,055 41 preference stock, which will amount to £5,626, and to recommend the payment of a dividend at the rate of 4 per cent. per annum upon the ordinary stock, leaving £943. THE CONDEMNED PIRATES. A communication was received on Saturday by the Sheriffs from Sir G. Grey, in answer to the ap- plication that was made to the Home Secretary by those gentlemen, asking him to take steps to have the execution of the seven pirates c - rried out at one of the seaport towns instead of in the city of Lon don. The reply was to the effect that Sir G. Grey did not deem it advisable to have the prisoners re moved from Newgate, and consequently the execu tion must take place in the usual course. It appears that some exertions are being made by Mr. Beard, the solicitor who defended the prisoners, upon the instructions of the consuls of the nations to which they respectively belong to endeavour to save the lives of Marchelino and Los Santos, on the ground that there is no evidence to show that they were concerned i❑ the murder of either the captain or any of the ether persons who lost their lives, and that all that was proved against them was that they appeared to have concurred with what after wards took place. These two culprits put their names to the memorial, and an endeavour was made to induce the gentlemen who constituted tho jury by which they were tried to sign it also. Tois, however, was found to be a difficult task, as nearly the whole of them expressed their opinion that it was clear from the evidence that although the two prisoners Marchelino and Los Santos, might not have been actually present when the murders were committed, there was no doubt they took an active part in the mutiny, and that consequently they were as guilty as any of the others, and only one of the jury would sign the memorial. The general opinion among the authorities is that this memorial is not likely to be attended with any effect, and that the sentence will be carried ont upon the whole of the culprits. Since the establishment of the Central Criminal Court not a single case has occurred of a capital conviction under the Admiralty jurisdiction of the court, and indeed most of the cases are tried at Liverpool. Before the Central Criminal Court was created, the culprits who were convicted of capital offences upon the high seas, were taken in a cart from Newgate to the Execution Dock, not far from the site of the old Thames Police-office, where they were hanged on the river shore, and at the com mencement of the present century the bodies of several pirate murderers might be seen hanging in chains at that spot. The culprits during the past week seem to have been awakened to a slight extent to their awful position. They have most of them relations in some or other of the Spanish islands, who are of course entirely ignorant of their fate; but upon their ex pressing a wish that they should be communicated with and informed of their position, the Sheriffs afforded them every facility for doing so, and letters have been written to the fathers, mothers, and other relatives of the culprits, to whom they wished them to be addressed, informing them of the position in which they are placed. The culprits have been con tinually visited during the week by two Roman Catholic priests, the Rev. Mr, Hussey, from Moor fields Chapel, and Father Louis, a ,`.....panish priest, who converses with the prisoners in their own language. The Rev. Mr. Davis, the ordinary of the gaol of Newgate, has been spared the pain of interfering on the present occasion, as, independently of the pri soners being Roman Catholics, the whole of them, except Lyons and Vartas (or Watter) as he was called at the trial, are quite ignorant of the En g lish language, and these two spoke very little En g lish. The culprits seem to have conducted themselves tolerably well since their conviction, but the y are evi dently hardened, desperate ruffians ; and Lopez, or the " Cablan," as he was termed, only seems to be an - noyed at not being allowed to smoke, and repeatedly asks, " Why they keep him so long ? " and wh y the sen tence is not carried ou t more quickly. T he y are all in separate cells, and are never left alone, so that they have not had the least opportunity of com municating with each other since their conviction, as it is not all improbable, if they had an opportu nity they might have concocted some scheme of violence, to be carried out when the time for their execution arrived. It is expected that the scaffold will be altered so as to admit of t here bein g two cr oss beams instead of one , a nd four of the cu l p rits will be executed upon one of these beam s and three upon the other, The precaution will also be taken of bringing the press-room, as it is termed, to be p inioned, and every one of the priso ners se p arate 4 to the whole seven will not be together until they are so secured as to render any attempt at violence alto gether impossible. The sheriffs have also given directions for other proceedings to be taken with a like object. As regards the prisoner Lyons, it appears that he is suffering so severeiy from rheu matism that he is not able to stand, and it is ex pected that it will be necessary to carry Bien to the place of execution. ',l:ker.—Turn which way you will, go where please, CADIEIITIEInNT.I-110110way's Ointroent— youd l- For chaps, persons *ill be found who have a ready word of praise for this ci d Ointment. sprains it is an invaluable remedy - for bad legs caused by cha.fes, scalds, bruises, and it may be co' relied upon for effecting a sound andpermanent cure. In cases of erysi Llelas. A-"..-" LI P rheumatim, Holloway's , —.,,..eu out, or ointment gives the greatest corafort, by reducing the in . ion Cooling the blood, soothing the nerves, adjust ‘6ll339l-- ' c 'impurities. This Ointment log circulation, and expelling snould have a place in every litt of Ol'in affections which roil.. It. will cure the long originate in childhood, and gain strength with the child's growth• bers or to capitulate, preferred to withdraw, and, sharply pursued by the enemy, retreated upon Flens borg, whence the major portion of the army crossed into the district of Schleswig, called from the arm of the sea which separates it from the mainland the it► t; -----.........--------....-------- the privilege of laying a railway above or bel h ° t for . and a still more audacious engineer has br° g ,. ja the ward a plan for carrying a line o n a vial3tte"o alr stream of the river itself, with stations 13 , 0 ,1 0 9 proaches at all the bridges. A so-called 'Slid' doe to Railway is designed to pass f rom E•elleivgi,icca- Knightsbridge, thence to Hyde-park-corner, 0 - of dilly,Charing-cross, and the Strand; and a as arks` subordinate schemes of the same coMpanY h re of the down over all the most important Parts t$ a metropolis. A yet naore ambitious comp' , ; e h lodation sc.. . project to supply the whoe accorati ratli°ef e requires by a double circuit o f ; r n a e i ss of l b e st o ra f ffi gr c oa i t n one for the convenience of the goods 011,57 For 0 1a. main o.ho lines, and the other as a substitute ;°` . v e I suburbliio has at It ei ioa with in embryo, to bring it into immediate eou'ara. orthleittlionitmerplrtuonfoel,ondon. ,ast on o the City. Tottenham and Ed gNgar e ) i' - eO). . mersm i t. h and Clapton, Waltharnstow and-ri,:deat ar stead, and a score of other districts around ))°,;005, e all to be amply provided for ; and the % a id side is to be linked to the North by lines ab°./ffeent below . the river, at we know' not how mall u i ro ; e cts , paints. Besides the crowd of independent P.. - z, 00 every great line is plashing inwards eith er w i fitll City or the West End. The Great Eabter%hore, some di reason, is weary of its banishment A, s ad and the Great Northern, the Iklidlallu faces C uthward, and the ten ; so North Western are setting their „ ar ia eighboalti into a vast combination of termival 6t . a t ' o b 3 threatening to convert '''' h ood In spite of unmanageable levels► the Strand,?Deer. assed, and the new station on the site of bola ford Market to be made available for the t ; or mNorthern system. But it is vain to atteillPt for the erate half the proposals whiet aro ruatletbetasil demolition of London. As laid dt;val upon - bet a they may be seen to reduce the b abitable 1 , 1 . . s od! metropolis by a very considerable pecentar"ch ice re what is more important in the view in W13„1. flier gard the matter, they leave scarcely' B-iroati, whetherwithout short or long, above or bele/ dr to u some body of projectors wh oare r eti st oet pe o r th ect system of railways for the undertake its construction. Whatel'ir tt r's 0 131 foundb ought to be, the whole of it is assuredlY,i of° somewhere among the schemes ich'c'oblell beenbrought forward ; and the only teal► the Parliament has to perform is to eliminat e fr° ,o tei t, plans eabl before it the vast mass of useless or lOr ic h, ; er lines, and to leave a working systelll 00, affor e d mum all the accommodation desired, with °DLit P e injurythis to London and its inhabitantai 4o t or y concur , j 0 and this, m i i t t t nsl e e a rn yi Y h ebt i er c ° h lll3° l3 l3lll r s s t : e o li f do s e e ceu shall e d h some the committee must be under the ct.°.l botili one comprehensive principle in l v e , oi l ' houses p ropssed. It is perhaps fortunate that the,,oolfil! t.projectors have exerted themselves so vig7geheale' he present session. A less alarming eroP°',"be pa might have been allowed to slip throligh:e 0001' liamentary uiee net without much re,gard to the h e of the unfortunate inhabitants o. ` pia t° butn awaken e raid is on so magnificent a scale as od po 9 ' the attention of the Legislature, 4 , 00 11 i l/ sibly to Teed to a much needed reform, not ifi t he the principles Of railway cnstructo, but whole machinery of private billsS. ___-- COUNTRY 111.AROT P. YORK—St:Mai:IO. t raar vt r ; r cell There was a limited show of w qu ji p ei t ' :tici a l e b r e d i b i l g e, sd i e fr 3 o lj; and the sales were slow—former -"lade. A short supply of barley, with ad raciiO4 at about last week's rates. An inlPr°vabefore• ss to 9044 took place, at previous prices. Beans 4$ .. .,.. 1 0 to 0 0 Wheat, red 37s to 405 I Oats• •.• • ' .. .....„,t0 0 1 . , 0 White do .40s to 458 1 Beans ****** ~., 1 1010 , Barley .26s to 32s geas • • **** • qr. i Malt, 588 to 60s per qr., rye, . 303 pe r to 31s per sack. Old white wheat,G ..—...--- 3 0 ' ; RAN4STsHtOA34IB--s ;Srit.e4dt:it4l:lri,ytiog pgcrb,293.4fielt; new white, 44s to 46s ; red, 40$ to 420. io, oldis6s, 33s to 36s per qr ; grinding, 28s to 30s ; 04 313 to There was a fair l‘r° 265; now, 20s to24s ; beans, 34s to 375; P e°- ' o'ri t i° samesOts ill s favour of a nd Prisples ;of 0 the supply of b ios a f rl td e h y aey , bbusue;tenrnasiighfulTt hlyfeorrelawbf°7:l:::llintll4l NORWICH---Hof—wSh.Ae.a4t7D4. .. 0 , „tile r 4 3° White wheat. 44s to 47s 1 Red whe „ le y, 4 ,, t Malting . barley ...35s to 37s I Chevalier P''' , ":der unaltered. ~ .4 ) 0 .44'0 : 1 6° Distilling d 0..... 29s to 30s 1 Oats.. .... *0,0.0 27s 6d to ................. n st e o N :n v —s Od per sack fr om --- er g° 01d,25s to 4o s 2 to os LEICESTER—SATO:OO- 4. e ,e w . E 32 l w o so ur h lt i do ;e r3e6 w ds , h 3p e 9 a e sr t , red,tgo4r24ls.lsgritopen4r663sl26;gB,to2l7o; 0 3 ; t 01 40.0 - 0 , 10013 0 e, ' a to 4340P4te Bar e '0! 0 ;42asepwero3astss,t0.2nles :toito2ux3s, 2p7esriv,:ii:per) Os old, at •-- 00 t° o 0 No TTINGHA3I. — S ATIS/A chest, 4, psi White wheat, frog' 41s to 495; red 0 ,, to 3, ' l 'a o ' Barley—malting,24s t 0 3os od 30$ ; t n o e 3 w B , s ; 19 gr s ,itliod2il2s'sg: e' -w fl el° ° t' ~sc°' to Flour, er fine, new 34s to 365. Ve te . t .'2 , DUBLIN—FRIVAI" Irish gra - pr-' The market was dull, and all sorts of at 600' do shade lower. Foreign wheat very 0 1 ° 17 ' I) e , 0 neglected. Flour and oatmeal dull. (1. 13 ° l i Ot ° , ° s. d. s. d. 1- A to , 0 Wheat, white 24 0 to 26 6 Oatmeal ..... ' .--' A ' tO ' 0 34s L') 38 s ; seconds, 29s to 3%.5P' * Do , red „..• ..„ v / 21 6to 24 0 Beans' • 0 0 0 00 Do., Barley Y new •• • • oto 0 Bere ..... "** •-•'' Ato r i4 0 11 6t014 6 Ropeseeu • _ .1 A t o Oats Po., black :: 0 .... b 2- 0 11.............1ian corn'' ______--- ----17 PO —....--4.- ----- F ore i gn Mail rack et ~ 16 , f e h ' 14' MAILS DUB. ....few 5. Australia and Mauritius, via SoutharaPt°ll"',,,,ittiP„s, Cape of Good Hope Ascension, via Marseilles .i••:.,,,,,reti0 fro. brazil and Cape Verds, by British P - fdlielcrol feD , Gibraltar, lndia ( ca China, Penang, 9 ..1. and ...ingapore, ;j i g i 8 " 15' and St. alaoptoo•fe, " aMa rseil le .• Fe b. l e v u i a t t a S ) ,o andu. t h a me Ceylon, i o o n n .. •vi . . a . ... •fe Falkland Islands . . ........... •"• " ' ..",rep'o, ................................ i'f'ert,tl.l.,6o., vi , i s larse ....... op , 6. India (Bombay), via Southampton. ...... ~. o .3 pir . 0, via Marseilles ......... ~ ~'•f el). 01, Portugal .... ..................... i. n ' ...• •• f e b , 1 1, Malta, I•l'gypt, and Aden, via' SoutbaroP °- ~.. " o p? ). via Marseilles .. ... .. ii Newfoundland ............. .. .. ' '''''r e' Oporto and V r ........ ..... ,et., , Igo ............'brit. pacit. . U. S. and British N. America, i Acgot.••_tfeb. ia• I ) y IJ0S; S . 0 ?t wice pir , i t, by Carl' . 41P ..'' ..01a.0 ' W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneridb••• .„ ~,Fey,. 0 Bahamas, via New York ............. .' . ''#) fel) , Mexico ................................ • ' co li, All parts of •West Indies, in.cluding Cb"..„.. 0! California,li ancl ... f . ritisliC °h ,01; i __-- v 0 .._.-------- io n , 00, 4 No HOME complete with a: IVon c° lit , PO 0 v o f efncie tae ° •IS SEWINg-MAOFIINE. Simple, compact, „ ti ire ~,tio noiseless. Warranted to fulfil all the on rfti oplw ~,,,, perfect family machine. Prospectus free ' piii,,,i;, No. 135, Regent-street, W.—[Aov T.] 1 00,0115'01Y tot [ADvEnTisEmENT.]—Consuraption, a l ~,,,e, aiO:i,oo liver, and stomach. complaints, in every orporrivsef tioo gravatcd and accelerated by diql.o o o f eve s tori fff 4 ll l; ,oo ' perfectly curable by Du PArry'S health Te , so g so , ..0 Arabica Food, as proved by thousands 01...!_e5t0.10e4c; of been considered hopeless. We quote a fe w 00 :11 0 " . 1" t o tk ti o, Dliss Lange, l 8 years of age, cured after t he tb e Iv ec tol l ee o abandoned all hopes of her recoverY tr°7 l l,, clot c e l i ro rtli pulmonary consumption, with fearful p' a ' s, Del op we exhaustion, spitting of blood, persPirAu°„l, 00cl'Ast0,,41e? emaciated to a skeleton. She is now, tlP'' , 00 0 7 PP - t iger healthy, blooming, fleshy girl' James Lalf:Detto,i plootl'e Police. Cure, No. 46,270. Mr. James spittig °47,121' ote Surrey, of thkty years' diseased ltnig,,s•____e, so. int o r .cre so , derangement, and partial dealness.--unoos, ::careo4sl%, Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervu,liooieo•ic., .:01-Oel gatherings, low spirits, and nervot.i,s;Auertuji r o to &it , i , 54,816. The Rev. James T. Carnpeb 11 e liver• Wiji oip, 40 O' O i l of indigestion and torpidity of th . 00 g c l; " A CP o d , all medical reatment. In tins, lti°:.i.y all',oo, „jo, ils; 121 b, 220; 241 b, 408. parry d 1311,;:1 Ata te s ct OP Regent-street, London ; also F °rtnu o i the V lll , Z grocers and chemists in every tarn ----- - ----- 39 -------- - IA Births. 0 .0 6 iac ci " { i, oast.at 0 9 1 rr , FEILDING•--011 the llth r -terrace' JI Louisa Feilding, of a daughte •‘, ()sort:l,6oop 1,0 HALL. —On the 11th inst., at ~I °i , 6( 1,, 0 ' ovgatth a( park, the wife of Frederick JO liyde ,a ife ic WEBSTEIL—On the 10th illSt,, at I. 03 ° I;_eri ., Webster, of a son. , A Leo, _ A ter. WYNDIIA.M.—On the 12th inst., 'of Joao Penruddocke Wyndham, 1 18( 1'f ,jer t S) ( 110 Marriage°. th ifl st. 'o soll.l ; rtli' .....On tb° 13•000t.:101001 DUDGEON—IIm.nsWoit4g. ~,,a itegi l c, ~.. 1,.,,t ham, Captain J. J. Dudgeop_,T='ev. 00. ,-- • ior i i younger daughter of the lat°,_,n. forelo 0P vicar of Aldborwigh, Yorksu"`.,,f3t., at 51019000. MILLER--WARDE,--011 the 09th,l,Preyo, to 4 Sos W. Miller, late of the Se sira'rde, pg.., v ri An daughter of the lato n. F. die , De aths. too , t . ClaP a t oot it 1 4°We DA BOND.—On the 12th inst., , u, Jo iiii Bond, aged 77. t ci i ri liiirg j, Jo GuNN,—On the Sth inst., a ~,,st,oo , ta ts Joho ° ver' Esq., R.N. "0 0 • oil HILLIIOUSE.—On the 13th ',easi. 013 pr orx , re ~a- I ) Aclo Wilson Hillhouse, Esq. , E 'c' t a t 62(!)00,-- fp- HOGGART.—On the 12th i1.10i54., of _ d _ oar ergo Charles Lancelot Hoggort, Lore" ' G t. at ..... eft tre j JESSOP.—On the 11th i o l!! ,/or. olio.* 41 • S l ' field, Alfred Jessop, o "c_,,, t ,at 1 1 Dif --On the llth 11 '1 ,23. f p, 1 0 lIDDLEToN• age 003 1‘ Wilmot Middleton, BA./ „ t Wil 11th io° f '' --- RawaoN.—On the 11 ~ ___ ---- Rawson, Esq., age d l' ° ----- _,- ---------- Londen : I'rinzed and fr',:talied vrr „op, ;Di° glee °Si 1". 112, Strand, lrlutr, at 10 io the u Strand, in Idli.:seX,--juou day, Fortiary 15• tho rrecinct of toe 3,1106/0.1. Dli ~~ 11'h~ . lo~~r~ , re