The Sun. — London, England, 1826-08-25 00:00:00

./1/, 1 ~~ I The ptoperty of this Paper having lately passed into new hit/lass *the conductors invite- public attention to the great .fimproverisonts which have been introduced into its columns. The best proof that these are dilly appreciated by all classes of society , is the increased, and !mitt, INCAZASING CIRCULATION OF TIM SON . , which will bear comparison with any public Journal in ithe Empire. The Proprietors spare neither labour nor expebee to merit a continu ance of public favour. The SUN is ptinted with beautiful new type, cast for thepivpose, and worked by a machine. which throws off upwards of two thousand impressions an 'hour. The RIJN, DAILY EVENING NEWSPAPER, contahn the latest, • most authentic, and i n t eres ti ng information, upon all subjects of general imporunco—Politice i -Foreign and Domestic--The Arts—Sclenee...Lite rature...fonitnerce— Frade--Sporting---Faehion.—Public Ailittsentents; blendidethe ptirsuits of human life, in one circle of pleasing variety. This Paper possesses advantages entirely peculiar to itself; presenting at one view • THE. SPIRIT OF TILE LONDON MORNING JOURNALS, ittadditigil to the various intelligence common to other Newapipers. This Day was published in 4to. with Plates, 2t. 10s. lOURNAL of a THIRD VOYAGE 'for the : IHSCPVERY of a NORTH-WEST PASSAGE. .•Ay CAPtoin WILLIAM EDWARD PARRY, R.N., F.R.S. Printed for John Marv, Albernarl&street. • - In A fo , w dap k post Bvo. nOUGHMES taken during some rapid Jour , acrovi the PAMPAS, and among the ANDES. By Captain F. 13. HEAD. r Ptinted for John Murray, Albemarle-street. Publishing in weekly parts, r A' IJTOBIOGRAPHY ;a Collection of the trioat listsTttt/CTIVii; and AMUSING LIVES ev e r published, 4iitten by the parties themselves. With original Introductions iit tuPl6. ...generst and particular titl e - pages are supplied, an that any - Life Itsay ,be obtained complete 'separately; a Portrait of each seriCirss,iiven, whenever asufficiently authentic likeness can be " precl:46ll•;. and each p ar t con t a i ns , on t h e average, full three sheets of leiter-Aess. .• The, de sign of collecting into one body all the Rpecimens of instructive,and otertaiiiste species of.,C,omposition, is fi 7,'WVOritoritrs. The prospe-eiste g i ves us reason CO re l y upon the`fridgment*ith which the sileCtion will he made, and the com mencement with Colley Cibbr, the most. delightful of Aitto . biographies, augurs well for the rest. W e are d e li g ht e d t o h e a bl e to that work, not only in a very portable and cheap, but in a handsome and convenient form."-L -Atlas. • Messrs. Hunt' and Chute, of London, have °tatted an i dea which we think extremely - gond—that of . publishing, under the " title off Autobiography, wearies of the lives of eminent' and re markable men, written by themselves,with brief introductions and cerriptrodiowi iequels, on iinarrative to the death of each writer.' No descriptiorl e ilretuling cornea so- near works of ' • Action in fascination as Ilidg'firliry.,.anitof-all kinds of Biogrejhy, itoughlography,' written with talent, and in the spirit of frankness, its et•once the most delightful to the, general reader, and the most :instructive to the philosopher who studies the springs of action iir &lumen character. The work is - neatly printed in 18mo., em bellished with portraits, and published in shilling numbers."— SPotatnan. to 1. 11. 111. form Volume 1., price Ss. 6d. in boards, with PArtteit, by Scriven ; containing " An Apology, for the LIFE of MIN COLI.EY (Usual4' " 1 4 44 .1e0 " All who love the dud' of human nature, must reed .Cihber .• With gmtification----lie lays bluish open to philosophical icapoic ' Cott .with most perfect candour. All who love ~the., stage, will find in Cibber its most aims* and successful historian and por trait Pa i nter . All ' w h o love tottesce the change of manners, and i nokbaek upon the follies of kforreer (lay, sexy turn to this little . • tilurne with the firm sesurtr4 of•fintling,imusement foi many an' 4 90 . ' , "--Atlas. :Part IV mice LIFE of . • P'. - sixpence, Witt A Portrait. cooks tios _ 44 VID HUNIE. (The anly[emilltion of the Life op:irately.), „ ~..,I , los V. Price one shillit4, , with 'Portrait by Landeeer, contains . . ,‘"trj l 3lPE of WILLIAM LILINe the Astrologer. • j f'irt VI. price ono shilling, with Portrait by Scriven, corn t isei th e . 6IERIOIRS o f t'OLTAIRE, by himself; with Intni ' ortion and Sequel slightly condensed from the Life, bytondorcat. , Th* shilli n g Part enataine,,Vrith very little omission (and that . . 1 * . .f matter quite uninterietingput of France), the text of two Pot octavo volumes, now en *care.; that the Publishers of Auto . biv i grephy were glad to pay 144. for . ; copy to print from. - . 1 1 liarfslV. V. VI. frqm 'Volume p i , containing ,three Lives, "ipiili 'three cOpiiii , plate-Pettreita, fo'ethreeihillinge, in boards. sPart VII. commences The Liu!, of t4RAtONTEt (rather' a ' ,A ' tt,rc:els3ol;), which will lytt completed irk two vols. fqr 7s. 6d. in qu fre With a Portrait. kEdelons ns fouvols., much inferior to ..ant pi-intim:, ac : te)ldlar amine% scams.) Pnblisbed by Hunt and Clarke, Taeistock-street. APPEAL to the PUBLIC from the LETTER PRESS PRINTERS of the METROPOLIS.--A, atime when so many appeals are made to the benevolence of the Public by bodies more numerous and perhaps more important, though certainly not, individually, more distressed,—great reluctance is felt by the Committee acting for the Journeymen Printers of the ttettopolie in soliciting for their unemployed and destitute fellow . workmen any portion of the Public sympathy. It is not the wish, neither would it be the province, of this Committee, to advert to the causes which have led to the present embarrassments of trade; they Will, however, take leave to state, that on no branch of indult 'try has the pressure of the times fallen with deater severity than on'the Printing BUSiiess. Every effort has been made, and is, luny making, by the Journeymen in employment, both in Town and Country, to lessen the caliunity which has befallen their Bre thren, by a Weekly Subscription out of their scanty earnings; hut th e amount thus collecte d, proving so very inadequate to meet the pressing and increasing demands, they are constrained, un to adopt this their only resource, of laying their Dis 'a", before a huma n e Public, and of suPPlicating aid; witho u t Which, numbers of their most deserving generous Brethren must endor e, it is f e ared ' for months, all the evils whieh poverty 4 " Possibly inflict. .Although this Appeal is addressed to the Public at large, in the hope that s ome i n di v i duals, from mot i ves o f h u Manity, will step forward to their asaistatice, the Journeymen Printers are cenicious . t : o no clai m on general sympathy stronger than t h at Of urgen t dis 7, t "; They venture, however, to appe' a? to the triotic feelings "P"' Uountrymen—to such as consider the Pr ess a po werful tnrltoe, oottnerely in the diffusion of Knowledge, and advance thatt,r k elenee, but elso in the preservation of Public men who u . 7. 84HOW tholes feelings to operate in favour of the men pill ed - n to tni ster in its service, and who how unfortunately are Orn , implore their succour. ad sue r. •. 0 reg 4 i'. the Lit erary port i on o f t h e P u b lic they wish particular l y to d of uversi ul emsolvea, with becoming humility, in thi s their season r tir e t mnst o whom are doubtless aware, that for some , tat the introduction of the Art, b the profession t of t a Printer road,: illustrious as it was pro fi table; but whether from the in wads bade Maehinery,--the general diffusion of Education, ''!eri renders learning no mark of distinction,--or from whatever obr, rainse,--certain it is, the operative Printer is net at cope vi r+ point of r emuneration , to that of the commonest handicraft e . 4 _ in man. They ton fi dently cherish the hope, however, their I i to protection will still be recognized by the loyrers of Lite ret ure, and that the humble ins i txurnt a of the produntions of, Geoiu a ushering into the world perish without assistance Lea rning' will not be suffered to The Committee can t omit 2 thankfulneits, uo to no des , In the literal donation w hicti r' has in' b te ee r n ls e, a l, P ,, rid .. e g an oh d itirernediptiOrnrinreran:iblinyga cineiebßrri:tteudi anFedl;,:ene:shbo,;l4,oo-Tior—th-e'D"ra: II ornament anti to the Literature of t h e C ountry —most ier • to her sea, _prove to the objects of her bounty -:,,. more valuable Z ' ei arnp t for imitation. Subscriptions will he gratef u lly received by the Committee, attend every .Monday and Tuesd a y E ven i ngs for that speci a l ni vr , h r .; :PO% cist the Three Herrings, Bell-yard, Temple liar, whi rs wiltbz tasppy:t Management give every -informati o n, an d w h ere their Accountl and'tiyitern of Management will b e o p en to t h e i nspectio n of thoe'll b enevilent individuals who may feel disposed to aid their cause. .: , ;...Sublicriptions will, also be received at the following places and Stiange, 60, Paternt'ster-rovi, and'24, Fetter '44l Whore: Inew and Sons, Printers, 137, Fetter-lane, -.Du e t:, liis‘ki,,figr.l Hetherington, Popular F,ncyclopetdia Office, IM-street; Ilgiborn ; Mr. 'Wharton, Bookseller, WAlworth 'near the Montnilier Gardens ; Mr.Vonkhouse, Grove Holum ,l•Z!rn. Cstriberweli ; Mr.- Thomson, 309, Fetter-lane • Mr. 'J. ii - f .,B4 , l`Blagetilei Maker, 75, Parsons- s tree t , ; • , :•Ir;t,tbl e , I ron , •,, , ,er and Stove Grate Manufacturer; Ray- W Hart, Iron Founder,yeh-street, Drury / th:::Warsit'Shoe niuf'Star, St. Dunatan's, Fleet-st reet ; and by rr eprietors of a ll C ou ntry Newspapers. . August 14, . 1826. '„- "R " fil I A o ead:, v ' • . ,P L ccibENTs.— ti y e etntig an tnquyittion for.. 4 7,,,,,__ 11 Pttieltiiiird-room of St. Battholomew's Hospital, b. Isy s . 613011 4 Th. Esq., on the body of Thorns* London ; who Nigh 1,64 . bY' fail from a ladder. Verdict—" Accidental p i4 l 4 tiother a held ftr t wards on the t body of bienel 4 4 sith et t ' ou lo h :!sa killeduhys 101 l from a loft. !Terltet......" Acci. 7,~.~G CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. REr. OR T. —(Concluded from our Paper of Yesterday.) The quantity of green barley and oats grown by persons who, from their contiguity to Graham's Town, could advantageously dispose of it, was very small, and in the year 1820, much below the regimental demand. Until it late period it had not been usual to give notice of the quantity required, but those persons who had any to offer tendered it to the officer of the Commissariat Depart , meat, who kept in his office a list of the names of the suppliers, and the days upon which the grass would be ready for cutting...— The quarter master of the regiment received his instructions from the officer of the CoMmissariat Department to take his forage from the suppliers according to the rotation in which they stood in the lief ; and if it happened that the oats or barley of any individual' grower were not sufficiently, or too much matured, the crop of the person next in rotatioq was taken. With the exception of Mr. Burnett,. no complaint was made to. us during our stay at Graham's Town of undue preference shown by •the Commissariat Department; and it appears that upon the explanation furnished by Lieutenant-Colonel Somerset, as well as- ,by a letter of Mr. litl Lett, addressed to his coiresporidents in Cape Town, that his dis appointmentih furnishing the expected supply, although eautied by Lieutenant-Colonel Somerset, was not intentional on his part, and that it principally arose from the badness and scattered- state of his crop, and the difficulty that was experienced in cutting and ga thering it. For the quantity that he proved to have delivered, he received from the Commissariat Department the stun of 430. 7. 4. rix dollars. To a person who had rated his annual profits upon the production of this article alone at ten thousand rix dollars, and had enpended a considerable degree of labour in eultive:tion, the competition of several individuals, who were enabled to evall them selves of the momentary demands which the failure of,their neigh. bows had created, was a serious impediment; we belieise that nearly two-thirds of the quantity of green. forage ennetnned by the Cape Cavalry were furnished by the oflieers of • .the tegilbent, to whom it bad been customary, in consideration -of the' very insuffi cient accommodation that the barracks afforde,d, to alrot small pieces of ground in the immediate vicinity, for the purpose of enabling them to build cottages and houses accordil• to their means:and 'which they have been allowedon ifieit retirement to transfer to other officers who suceeded to thee+ ! This nalidgence Was .extended to officers of other corps who,. were .stationed at Graliam'i,Town at different times, and had received loCal appoint melds. , . It is to be remembered, that Graham's Town had originally been' selected as a military station in the year 18 14, for titg4foret appointed to defend the frontier, and `than the acconimelatiol of the troops bad therefore been a primary object ; but :it.Stuit be chi - fitted to have considerably impaired the qiiantity: diapoxeble land Ibitt might have been appropriated gratttitouslyWt Overn fl Ment.tb the .aettlera, or to mechanics who were i de ilirell ()rests themselves in the town, after it had been fixed upon as the egistracy of the new district. ..„,,,,,,, r .. , ~. to be observed, that as the officers 'had a priority tlf ',they seeured the beet situations 'in: tittleAtettOliind,the .-. ,has been, on more than one occasion, relttotern to the , iktpurchasing from them an accommodation for. public "'Whiclra greater degree of caution ;would fhlt4e enabled it tit;'etirrimand. We had occasion to obseiy,e alio; that. ailok. ments near Graham's Town had been conceded to, military Offi cers who 'bed held terivoriry cammandin tho 'district, as well as to others,' without any condition or stipulatioitlor their occupa tion or improvement. In case of their being;unineloxed and cul tivated, they forme a great temptation to the treepasses of 'the town herds, occasioning a4ax upon theinhabitante for the damage sustained by each trespass; and, in' some instances, they are retained by the m canttits in an unoccupied and untinproved 'istitte, until the.: Imo of population shall het au"mented their value. , 1 , ~ ,`C .. , '7 4 ' 'The situifion of the land near Graham's Town 'that riai . granted to Lieutenant-Colonel Somerset, we observe, has been adverted to by Mr. Burnett. This land has been built an and enclosed ; but we cannot omit to express the strong sense that we entertain of the inexpediency of conceding lands contiguous to the towns, and possessing the, advantages that are peculiar to this grant, in the temporary accommodation that it affords in pasturage and water for the cattle of the boors who frequent the market, and .which, under the name of " liitspan," is ordered by several.in structions to he held in perpetual reserve, as indispensable to the public txmvenience. wets - The establishment of the Somerset Farm, and its immediate connection with the commissariat supplies that is noticed by Mr. - Burnett, bad been ,a source Of perpetnal dissatisfaction to the English settlers, from their location in the district of Albany in the year 1819, while the manner in which the purchases were made by the superintendent deprived them of, the advantages of disposing of the vvey small•surplua that • the effect of the blight and depredation had left to them, under the system' of open ten der, by which the supplies to government are usually purchased. The establishment of this farm, iu the year 1814, originated in the disappointments that were- experienced by the different de tachment:B of the military force stationed on the frontier in receiv ing their supplies, and in the objectionable manner in which they were made. From the representations of an individual who had given some attention to the state of the frontier district, an expectation was entertained, that by the establishment of a -farm in an advantage ous position, under the contralti and support of the Colonial Go vernment, means might be devised of obviating disappointment to the troops, by the timely formation of a depot for grain and Animal food, to which 'also the farmers of the 'frontier district would be, glad to contribute by the. sale, of their stock and produce ; and it was hoped, that by the progressive oulti ration of land and rearing of stock, the farm would enable the Co. ionial .Government to relieve the British Treasury of all ex pellee in the subsistence of the troops employed in the defence of the frontier. As the interests of certain individuals who , had shared in the former defective system of supply were found to be opposed to the success of this establishment, it was deemed necessary to 'give it the benefit of all the protection and support that the Government could afford. We accordingly find that an order was issued by the commander of the forces, dated 3d October, ISI6, announc ing, " That the Government had. taken upon itself the supply of t h e t roo ps on the frontier districts from its own farm, as far at its re so u rces would allow, and declaring that his E xce ll ency was de tar • ed to v i s it with the severest penalties,:o thaelyGlvrseoruinwneinlotsbould presume to avow obstacles in w a h ut o. way Ag ent in furnishing the supplies, or - should not be found ready, to lend the most eirtvtual aid to a measure of such importance to the puiehases from.the farmers,. and. at tre ‘ ...i v pi i i th an a d v t i h e e w co to lon ttc y. ' ill ' tate the game time to provide for their demand for articles of consump tion, that they with difficulty procured at that period by indirect from Cape, Town, the agent of the farm there was authoris ed 63 ma k e ruv b sio , „f goo ds, which . were dispoaed o f a t, t h e w farm in b arter f or ca ttl e a nd corn, or ere pa id away in the shape of wages to:labourers: , • An advantageous position was chosen in the North-W d es ao te me bounds,, of:the:district, that wee then called Uitenhage, an :acrie ckPencis uituro was i i m nc p t i i e r t r n ed ents in , combination of these advantages easbkdthe Colonial Government 4 o aid the supply of the troops on the fi litior and to render it thanedelec:thetietdmlnbguiolfdilanln‘id, for the e ti ° ll l ag le e t . i° T ll l 9 , e f Imo " i idoPendent of accident, but not to ' . ,;u •u persed ' ethe nett. asity of s'comnsisaariat establishment. While the SoMerset Farm had , to econtiend,Withfth, 'disastrous visitation of blight, with which. the 111 C ionitur atestahlishme n t s in the co untry were aflisted, the assist- i anca of the : ( SO • ' d t for supplies of n. ro a stusaa _riat department was raw 6tare4 tYi which were sold by them at the farm at cost prices, tout emive •ediinthe • 1 vesse ls from Cape Town gs 'flay Th • * s uperintendent therefore, act as p . othfait:eevrertifixn port i on. of military ' suPPlies, at rates . and T'Pj:."Bo. '-ontrnander of the Forces, while the tool nial 'Government Wai 4 1 4 to eombine , the profit of thitontrac" tor with greaterregularity of sup p l y, t h ew tha t ' been • secu rit y fnun 'theinterventir'n cl Suc h . Peninnt,.butiwithout the .security . against •failures that the usual ons tf a contract - afferd, The price of the rations delivered th e Somerset to the • Corima i e ar i a t Dep ar t meoe, by Farm CatiMakoder of the For mai St as thirtae fi r t 4l 4 - i e n tiv “ the year; h b a y od the . sterling), but was afterwards regulat e d h ets a nd ° • Y tne average rate of the noittracts for which the: sipplies :that * b • the r um k e 4, been , laken , aro not furnish ed 3 wont' sotteenf}and half stivens to eighteitiktulloni-fiftls shyers - Der • "From the tnonth of June 1820, to the gam: penal in 1821, the supply of five stations that had been taken byvontracters. at an.average of 18 and one fifth stivers per ration, was aVantioned by theta after notice its April 1821,, and new contracts wereentered into for the remainder of the year (not exceeding two months), at In average of twenty three and one-sixth *fivers per ration. This is the period 'elected by Mr. Burnett in his petition to the House of Commons, in which he states, that he should have been glad to have furnished the rations at ten shyers. We conceive that this assertion is cut ficiently refitted by the fact we leave just stated; of the abandon ment of so many contracts, and the formation of the only one that was subsequently made at a much higher rate than that which Mr. Burnett has specified ; a reference also to the very high prices of wheat, and the difficulty of procuring it at the same period, negative the probability of any c ontract being success fully executed for the supply o f the fronuer districts at ten divers. From the month of June 1821,-- to tb month of December 1822, the Somerset Farm was paid fOr the rations It supplied at the rate of nineteen stivers ; anti for the next six dionths ending July 1823,. the price of the only contract that then existed being re duced to thirteen stivera, a eoceesponding reduction took place in the rate of charge made to tl*Qmwnisetriat Department by the farm, amounting to thirteen &s*; but as it appeared to the Cons mandre of the FOrcea tobeeCisliset template the price of supplies made on the detached And diet/eel Actions by the Somerset Firm, by that of the supplies proeured.in a piece (Algoa Bay) that Pe"- .eessed peculiar facilities, and at which, conseinendYs the rate of contract was always lower than any where else, an order was issued, by which the Commissariat Department was directed to be charged for rations supplied by the Government Farm, from the period commencing 25th December 1822, and ending July 1823, at nineteen *fivers, being the price at which they were paid for in the preceding year. On the application of the officer who succeeded to the Commissariat Department in July 1823, the supply of the EurOpean troops was allowed to be open to the public tender anti contract for the year 1824, and which was effected at the rate of thirteen itiyers per ration at Graham's Town, and eighteen stivere at the advanced posts. Until September, 1824, the Somerset Ferm-rentinned to ration the. Cape Corp.; but during the present year the.native as well as, the European troops upon the frontier have been supplied by open tender ; and such hat been the com bined effect of the measure, and of the increased resources of the distrietiehat the whole military force is now supplied with rations at fourpence farthing sterling, being a fraction more than t w o. thirdsof .the deduction of sixpence that is made on that account from eleellaily pay of the soldier. - Fromesereferenee to the accounts of the. Somerset Farm, it ap pears that-wry cfinaitlerable balances have accrued, in favour of 'thin"_Coiollial Government, from the silisplite that it made treiaugr...ehil establishment to the Commissariat Department. These balanOes have, amounted, in the period commencing 30th Angnitaill.6, and ending Slat December, 1824, to the awn of- 442,691 'fix dollars ; and they may, with propriety, be awl bittedltl.thireconornical system upon which the purchasers were colfiducted,",the low rate of wages for which the labour on the farm ' stratoperscured, and to the prices that were ordered to bepaid for thetitniplies. 'We are not avraee that the advantageous circumstance*, under which these supplies were made, were directly brought to the knowledge of the Lords Consmissionere of. the Treasury, until the mouth of July,. 1823, although the additional trouble and expeisce that the. system occasioned, and the authority under which the prices were charged, ,and paid for the rations by the British Government, had been made the subject of incidental communication. The deliveries are stated to have been made in' a satisfactory manner by the superietendent of the Somerset Farm, upon a very extended line of frontier; but we have not been able to ascertain that any saving was occasioned to the Bri tish Government, or any greater degree of facility in the supply, than might have been fairly expected from an ordinary degree of attention paid by the officers of the Commissariat Department. On the ottierliandi as the resources of the frontier districts be. gan to expsnd„and a competitionlor the supply of carriage had been established in the course. of the eisied yeas-after the arrival, of the British emigrants on the eastern coast; and as' the elm timeliest of the Somerset Farm was observed to operate unfits vourahly.to their interests, it was with satiefaction that we learnt the decision Of this 'Government to put an end to the establish ment, to dispose of the stock and the materials, and • to convert the house of the superintendent into a ,eesidence for the. !middy-Ist, se cretary, and district clerk of the new district of 'Somerset, that was formed out of a certain portion or those of " Graff Reyuet" and " Albany." The arable lands were laid out in allotments, and have been sold advantageOusly at long credits., Upon examining . the accounts of Abe Somerset Farm, our at. .tendon was directed to the considerable amount of the sums that had been remitted by the superintendent ,to Cape Town. In the early periods of the establishment, silts—from 111.4, to 1818, the, accounts, after giving credit for th e pro cee d s of ever y thi ng t h at was sold, exhibit balances against the Colonial Government ; but from the.month of July, 1819, to the end.of the year 1824, in the course of which the number of Wipes ierued,to the army, as well as to the settlers, had greatly increased, the annual balances were considerably, in its favour. Remittances were made by the superintendent of the farm to the colonial secretary, and were either placed to the credit of the hind revenue, - or to that of the Somerset Farm account that was kept at the Discount Bank. From the 25th January, 1820, to the 27th February, 1821, the period in which the Government was administered by Sir Itufane Donkin, the stint of one hundred and eighty-five thousand six dollars was carried to the credit of the land revenue, and blended its the public accounts with other sources, ,We do not, however, find that the colonial Auditor has ever noticed in hie annual re ports, either the atiginentation'that,was thus made to the general revenue, or the muses of it; but Ise attributed the diminution of the land revenue that took place in the year 1820, to the effect of • the general ,blight , which produced a:failure in the crops. The stun of one huodrettaod sixty-seven thousand and thirty-six nix dollars was expended, partly. in the payment of articles for the Use of the farm, and merchandise, in discharge of part of a debt due by the farm to the Commissariat Department on account of supplies, and in the p u r c h ase o f a sta lli on . 'The *um of ninety five thousand and- eighty six dollars was expended in the eon struction of barracks at Greham'a Town; 'de °"°tm - house and store for the reception of goods at the mouth , of the river Kowie, and in payment of a quantity'of. wheat that was sent to th e Alb any district, in a period of scarc ity; f or the use of the settlers; al though we see . no objection to the appropriation that has thus been made of the several serus that were placed at the disposal of the Colonial Government., yet -wecannot ,help observing, that the sources : from which they arose, do not seem to have been suffi ciently explained to his Majesty's Government ; and that for such portions as were plared to the credit of the Somerset Farm ac- Count at the Discount Bank,.the mode of drawing that was adopt ed by measts.d. drafts of the town agent, countersigned by the Colonial Secretary, will utterly it variance with the instructions of the L ords of, the' Treasury, undeewhich, all payments out of the colonial revenues are required to be regulated and made by_ the warrant of the Governor alone. The manner as well as the periods in which the officers of the Commissariat Department drew Sheir bills upon the Britith•Tree salty, previous to the iotrodoetion of the late , regulation, by which the rate of exchange bills, drawn upon the tiritish Treseury, is Sled, has been a subject, of observation by Mr.. Burnett ; and he hos stated that they were made subservient to , the interests of the Governor, who was thus enabled to avail himself of, thernost ad vantageous opport u niti e s that the fluctuations of t h e erchange pre tented., both in the operations of drawing for money on Eoglasd, or of sitnittiog it. .It has been stated to ashy the gentlentum who ware at the head of the Commiseariat Department fitiro the year 1915 to the month of April, 1823, that after an estimate of the money required for the public service had been made out (generally in every month) for .which teoderkwere re tina afterwards approved by the Connunder of the Forces, an ad vertissineut for the amount reqtAkedt tither in B Peci*or colonial Lworadsetrlhted"k-essthuerY,Qa3esnatte' to. be paid in hills drawn u cu po rr n e . n o oy e , quireat- thooe tenders were -.for some time openwl in the presence of the Commander of the F orces ; but by a later order of the ,Lords Conmieeionere of,th e TrettserY. se it* *ere ripened in the presence of the of fi cer at the 1104 41.- t h e Co msoiseariat Depart !tient, and the Commissary of Account.. A schedule_ of the ten ders was then made, and accompanied by a report of the officers of the> department, wait submitted to the Cotnmantler of the Forces for his epprovaL It is further, atatelk b y O m: earner Offiffeci.Autt the high est , ten . ders were siways Af e ePledt-tatt,thet, a in otiebilt#ite4 4 diapo sition, on , the part of Lord Charles Somerset, to resat, the combi- D , l o n s that he alleged to bee s been frequently attempted; by ibe most opulent and influential members of the commercial commu nity, to raise the price of %ureic, or to obtain an influence over the disposal of bills in the market. As the rate at which the salaries of those of the civil servants who were paid in sterling was regulated by the average amount of the tenders that had been owl, to the Commissary during each preceding quarter, it has been the subject of frequent.observation, that the interests of this class of the colonial servants, at the head of whom was the Governor, would naturally dispose them in fa vour of a system that was caleulated to afford the highest rate of conversion for their eateries in colonial currency, and that no mea sures of an opposite tendency were likely to be adopted by them, however important to the interests of the colony. liir, Burnett, however, has gone a step further, and has insinuated, that the fluctuations that have taken place in the rates of exchange, have alternated with the personal interest and convenience of the Go vernor, both at periods of drawing or remitting. Without denying the existence of an interested motive in the civil servants, for keeping up the rate of exchange at which their salaries were paid, yet we do not admit, that the Governor, in his rapacity of Commander of the Forces, would have been justified in opposing himself to the very systematic vigilance that was shown by the officer at the head of the 'Commissariat ,flepartment, in I obtaining the highest rate of premium for the bills , that he drew Upon the British Treasiiry. We have not found that the Governor ever sanctioned the ap plication of any pecuniary influence of the Lombard Bank, or re, stricted its accommodations, with a view to raise the competition for bills at the approach of the periods for dravving: It' has been with truth observed by the resident of the bank,"4at as its accom modations depended solely upon the amount of thireammereialde posits, the former necessarily became liable to restriction nt a,pe riod when the deposits were required by the merchant* for the purchase of bilk It appears, that in aid of the public service, the Commissariat Officer was in the habit, 'from time to time, of claiming payment of debts due by the Colonial Government ; and, at different pe riods, especially. during the last three years, considerable sums have been received ; but at no period were these payments made under circumstances that justify any suspicion of an attempt to raise the premium on bills by diminishing their number ;. on the other bawl, we have not been able to trace the occasional depres sions that may haie taken place in the rates . of exchange to the exertion of any personal interest in the Governor, or to the use of any power, or the adoption of any musures,lry which such an effect could be produced. Upon the general question, we have already had occasion to express our regret, that' efficacious mea sures for repressing the progress of the evils of a depreciated cur natty had not been resorted to at an early period by the Colonial Government. The grievance with which Mr. Burnett concludes his state ment, relates to the criminal prosecution that was instituted against him by the Fiscal for addressing a memorial to' the Go vernor, in which he charged the Commissioners of Circuit who tried his causes at Graham's Town, in the yet& 19113, with gross ignorance of.their duty, injustice, oppreesieu, and Corruption. A translation of the proceedings is annexed, and .we find that the memorial in which these eluirges were mad...testa , - transnitted by the Secretary to Government to the Fiscal,- -With's *direction to him to prosecute Mr. Bishop Burnett for hie libellous attach upon the characters of the two Commiuioners, `Me r,. Truter and Borcherds. The prosecution was delayed for snipe time on ac count of the distance of the district of Albany tiom the seat of judicature at Cape Town ; the illness of Mr. Burnett stfter arrival, and the application that he made for the attendance of a witness, and copies and translations of the proceedings of the Court of Circuit. He complained that his application to .the' Secretary of the Court of Justice had not been attended to; .and it appears that under the expectation of his arrivalin Cape ToWn, an immediate answer was not sent, and the copies were not undertaken until he had made two applications through the Secretary of the Court of Justice, who gave orders that they. shOuld be made for him, Tito sided ha would point out the doetuite' nvi that he required. While the copies and translations were in course of preparation. he stat ed to the Commissioners oldie Court of Justice., that if they were reedy to pronounce sentence upon the case as it, stood, he was prepared to receive it, and would dispense with the copies that he had required. The Conunimioners declined to give any pledge as to the course they would pursue at the trial, and Bishop . Burnett declared that he was ready to appear before them, and to receiv e j u d gment . Notwithstanding this declaration, he prayed for further time, until the copies eheuld eaecuted ; and without making fur ther complaint of not having received. them, he declared his wil lingness to. appear on the day that was ultimately fixed by the Court. We And that the translatiims were -delivered to him be fore, that day, and that they were in his possession during his at tendance. ,An admissinn having been made by Mr. Burnett of his having composed and sent the memorial to the Governor, the Fiscal ad dressed to the Court some obear►ations upon the nature of the offence .that ~Was„ stated M the act ; of accusation, in which !Ur. Burnett was charged, with maliciously, intending to expose to pub lic contempt the judicial dignity of the Commissioners of Circuit, and with haying defamed them, .by publishing and presenting a certain libellant; writing is the form of a memorial, addressed to his,, Excellency the Governor of this ,colony ► praying that he would order a revision by the Court ofJustica of the proceedings held before a Commission of Circuit,, and Accusing the two mem lam of, prejudice, partiality, and a corrupt violation of the laws, and declaring that. they had been guilty of manifest injustice, and a wanton assassination of his überacter, ;tending to prejudice the causes wherein be was appellant, and to, forestal a corresponding judgment ; And that he had further declared the proceeding sgitinstbirn, to he one of flagrant injustice, of legal error, and per version of extra-judicial procedure, of scandalous oppression, and intolerable persecution. The Fiscal stated to the Court that the prosecution was found- Id upon the Roman law ' which, as s u b s idi ar y t o t h e D utc h l aw, and to local regulations, Le contended was. the rule by which the Courts of colony were hound * and had , been accustomed to pro ceed both in civil and criminal cases. He denied the right of Mr. Burnett to appeal to. English authority upon this charge, or that of being tried by any other lnw than that which was in existence at the period.of the last intrender ,of the colony to the British arms, or had since receive:4 the senetion of, the British Govern ment- He then quoted thi 45th and 47th laws of the 10th title and 47th book of the Pandeats, ip the first.of which it is declared, that any jierson who shall have attacked the reputation, of another in a writing delivered to. the, chief of the government shall be lia ble to be prosecuted for the crime ,of btjuria sc.-ripen and in the second, where extraorditiary,putlishmeuts are declared to be an nexed to thip offence, varied,acqprding to the amdition, and -motive of the criminal, and in. Which that of temporary banishment is included. At closed his addreas to the Court with a claim for its ean. tence and condemnation of Mr. Burnett to banishment from the colony for the spec,' of five, years, and iniprisonment in a place of tenu ity un til an opportunity offered far carrying sentence into execution. -- 711 : liViiirnett,, in .his defence, denied the application of the w pnipl aa 'nees an mme Ag4i d n e st nactiiie him rt a i i fi xi ol the apitale lo d tro4ola r ko th e tor i talnilicisi charge that. tha he t English c our t s , by which it had been determined that Manrial% addressed to the King or Parlianient, ar c e ou n i o p t leni pu i: i t ut o b l i i e nit a :st i i i cit bo o a r . 1 iv violation oppression, Ti h ad e d o eaoilfl experienced he t , a e the T t n A h, i t aa e i r t , t ,t i s l i g i l ei eri suck i ma g p at : r c ( 11 ° I, in r el ala: !tending i r is',iiditid dec l a r e d e " i ;de w oul dsii a t i i * s our i orhob,nrni hint of if, ~from 0 . ee t x l t i judicial ipitvumet ege.Government,rnuhimilainternal guilty tranquillity. o - t, ist:•)at further i ooe en" nt pr tier), and to,more. severe punishment. he dignelitlYtimun4""thwil'er 43pbfanunlahishinetijuednfirtcniimani case of his return, and m he confined in some secure place until an entertained of 4 0 th il p r e po tbth e: e u r i t u i on ct : :: ::::i j o ta fi u nvth : d e d oe Y l l 4 :B l eue i rt r t o c o n :u ud i t :Pail elne hu t in o t : se rn ut oreze y er ie e , ii e f e rring to the former proceedings of the colonial Courts, as w e ll as to the : positive enactments contained in proclamations of the Dutch Governor*, no doubt, we think, o wl the authority upon which this proscention is f i r tin d e d . It has b ee n frequently declared that the colonial Courts were to he . guided by local proclamations ;b y Is €, , . sue,. Of ,t h e natiViiiin ell explained' h ' y the Roman ides iawere received and promulgated it the Colon ', and by the laws o f the several States of Holl an d, L sw , to which; appeai was to WI made where the foi . laws are silent, illaPP4c4blit' or obscure. ' :The Fieralbair,ststed,, tom/ that enactment in the Dut c h or Barmier' he was not able to bud any VIZ 1;i We OF Tur tur, le alien in the BUN up to the tunr of going to pries; so that the p i # l ia may ace whatever ha. tilrea place during the Meriting in. the COURT! OF LAW aim POLICE 071 , 10t8; together with a correct account of the prices of the various Wide. in TUE LONDON AND COUNTRY SIARNITS, including Meat, Vegetables, Fruits, Bread, Corn, flay, Coals, ; :The BUN is the only Newspaper in London which gives the prim Cf THE }lnnis, AT THREE O ' CLOCK ; and, for Country circulation, the cwensti 'was at saint O'CLOCK* The SUN, of Wednesday and Saturday, contains the London Gayeties. List of Bankrupts, Promotions, &c. with the London Price CIUTIFL HOUR OF PUBLICATION--QUART7I. ?ANT TIMM May be had at 'Change, at flux-parr rafter, and by coach the wee evening, within 50 miles of London. fir, Orders for this Paper received by all News:nen. Clerks of the Roads, and Postmasters, in the United Kingdom. Advertisements promptly attended to, and displayed to advantage. statutes, nor yet in the local proclamations ' that war direcily appli cable to the case . The laws of the United States otHelland and Flanders were founded upon the Roman Law, and thesOtietetris in combination have received the appellation of the Itomin Dutch Law, and form the subject of a treatise composed by a 'Learned Civilian of Holland, that has been translated into the English lan guage, end ender the auspices of your Lordship, has been intro duced. as authority into the tribunals of those colonies that have been added to the British dominions, and in which the' Duteh Laws have been retained. We believe that the British settlers, with whom Mr. Burnett emigrated to this colony, were duly informed before their depar ture from England, of the nature of the laws by which their con duct was to be regulated in it; and we are not aware thus the right that Mr. Burnett claimed on his own behalf, and that of the other emigrants, of being tried by the British Laws, has been conceded to British subjects removing voluntarily from their own country to a British Colony, in which a system of foreign law had been found to exist, and had been enntinued under the authority that his Majesty derived from conquest and cession. In the present instance Mr. Burnett undoubtedly' vent made to feel the (inference between the system of law under which he had LWerl, and that to which. he had. thus volnnterily sublirtell Mite self end by which the set of ac sing tmeMorial m thelover, nor of the colony, complaining in' violent and coninlioni lan ! . guage of the conduct of certain functionaries, and prayincfor redress of the injuries he had suffered, was, in itself, milli:de pendently of all other circumstances attending it, considered and punished as a criminal act. By the authority, of the law quoted by the Fiscal, its criminal. character and its punishment were de fined; and although we cannot 'concur in 'the description, nr in the consequences that are ascribeci'to the offence, in the act of ac cusation, that of being ." a public violation of the laws, and tend ing to disturb the internal peace of the colony," yet it it iroP" - aible not to discover in the composition.of thernoirnorial, an inten tion on the part of Mr. Burnett to defame the characters of the persons denounced in it, and a desire of gratifying • personal ven geanee, cloaked 'under the specious pretext of denouncing injustice and of obtaining redress. It will not, however, have escaped your 'Lordship's observation, that Mr. Burnett had entered appeals against the several actions, in which, he asserted that the injustice and cortupt partiality of the Commissioners of Circuit had been manifested, and it was, therefore, competent to him to have pursued One* appeals, and to have claimed the professional assistance that is always accorded to those whose poverty entitl es th em to s e e k it. Il e , however, neg lected to , pursue any course that staght have en.hleil him to take advantage of this ordinary mode of redress, and sett;, , ,red the term of twelve weeks to elapse, within which appeals from sentences delivered in the district of Ilitenhage to the 'High Court', are re quired to be prosecuted. We are wot aware of any equti:hle ground upon which Mr. Burnett ought now to be admitted te: recover hie right of appeal ; nor do we think tied' id the event of any new inveetigation being instituted, it would be followed by' differeut,reaulte. The plea, therefore, of being compelled to apply to the .oovernor- by memorial, and to represent the conduct of the Cummissiertere in its,true lig.ht, by the use of the terror 'tit forth in the act of accusation,. is destitute of foundation, and it ir only necessary to refer ,to the memorial itself for an e:tpoeition of the real;niotivee that gave rise to it. . Censurable as these were, and Criminal when coupled with the act itself, and tried according to the principles of the Roman Law, we thick that as there is no proof that the memorial was attended with any greeter degnet of publicity than that of Addressing it to the Governor, the Fiseel would better have consulted the feelings of the community if he had exercised the discretion with which his instructions invest him, and had declined a prosecution that bad the effect-of exciting the public attention, and perhaps its eyinpathy, in' favour a a per eon who, by his violence of language and demeanour, had deprived himself of all claims to ptiblit estimation and respect. During our residence in the' Albany District, in the early pert of the veer 1824, we observed a general disposition ern o Mlll* re" opectable classes of the lietthirs to Withdraw tlitnualvee froth all connection with Mr. Burnett, and to disclaim all community with him in any public proceeding ; and, we believe, that neither the termination of hir connection with the district, nor the ern. barrissitments in which-he had Involved himself, excited Any feeling* of pity or regret. In the interval that took place between the pronunciation of the sentence of banishment and' his departure from the Colony, Mr. Burnett remided in Cape Town, and was suspected of having been concerned in the composition and publication Of au infamous libel, that had been seen by only two persons in a conspicuous part of the town, and that reflected grossly upon the honour of the Governor. A very creditable feeling was evinced by all classes of the inhabitants upon this occasion, and a great anxiety prevailed to discover the persons concerned - in such an act Pf in famy. In consequence - of information" that he received from three persons, the Fiscal applied to the Governor foi permission to search the lodgings of Mr. Burnett, as Well as of certain :other suspected individuals ; and upon this perinitsinn, ,authority was given by the President of the Court of Justice to a tontrniestoner to proceed in execution of the warrant ; these forms being idivays observed when any search of the houses of persons of the rank of Burghers is considered necessary by the Fiscal. The application for the warrant was founded upon the wont and direct testimony of an Irish' servant' of William Edwards, who Was confined in the gaol, and under sentence of transporta.- tion to New South Wales, for addressing two libellous letters to the Governor, and it sets found that Mr. Burnett bad paid free. quent visits to him, in company with others, who had incurred the euttpieiona 'of the Fiscal, and wboie navies were elso included in the search warrant.. Nothing material transpired front the search of Mr. Bishop Burnett's lodgings ; but in: proceeding to the prison -room, in which Edwards was, confined, a paper was found, 'containing a copy, in the hand-writing of Burnett, of a placard that had been recently discovered and brought to the Fis cal by, the officers of the police, written on the same sheet of paper that had been used by Edwards as a cover for his letter* to the Governor. Mr. Burnett 'acknowledged ,thet the hend.writ ing'Veas his, but that he bad been able, from memory, to furnish it for the amusement of Mr. Win. Edward', after a very cursory perinea of another copy that he .had accidentally teen. In Con sequence- of further information received. by tbe'Fieeal,.: he ob tained' permission to make a second seerch in the lodgings occu pied by Burnett, when, amongst his papers, wu found 4 compo sition, reflecting severely upon the character of his Excellency the Governor, the late Landdrost of the Albany district; and ppott Undo( a most respectable individual, now deceased,. *dm. had tilled the situations - of Fiscal and. President of the ,Court of I li . dee. No judicial notice was taken of these documents; hut the Fiscal; having considered that Mr. Burnett wia Sinking the in dulgence that had been ahown t o hi m , b y b e i ng allowed to be at large after his appeal had been decided by the ftill'Court against that partof the sentence of the commitationera Whieh.:eequi ro d hie confinement in a place of security, until his banishment from the colony conld be effected, gave orderti .. tei the officers of police to arrest him. Mr. Burnett succeeded for some time in.eludinie their attempta to unite *Tenon, and at last obtainede pave in a vessel that conveyed him from the colony. We have, &e.. (Signed) JOHN THOMAS,--DIGGFo WM. M. E COLEBROOICE, f l4llers ' To the Right Hon. the Earl Bathurst,. fitc. &c. &c. SPY Qf i t ' Itterthfl:36thL of iNfay, iStfir on that It t oPorl ° l i th* thurat date d in Qrll Charles lisri46lW"s " EU Be-. COMM I / 4 1011erli. ' 4 * Loodo, 26th Nity, 1626. My Ltra..,--I have.read the Report of the Committionert of in. qttiry Upon :the subject of the petition of Alr,,,llithop,Buritett , I regret that there hat not Iwo time to admit or my enuring into a detailed exatnittittioittif the volutnintuteApPendit attorhad to that Report ; b u t I am not act; ire that thiirorcurnitinee is of 1 1'1 w h i:; a : fl: ll:gn il h g aYtt i t : fu' h Llwi c i: Pl il br t itifi" i "iP t l :a dm t itr io t4" n cgte t ard a i"L t il t t ;;; hetss ( 'T : Gh p l:e e: : ( gt u :t:li'v : ijknr°a n 'ie : ta4a w nd° c t9 : ft n n:t i he i l d s' *r tjP : rtd :i e s : 1 I h„ ‘ ,„ m ai to ahmerve, that in reletring whet I must' reg ar d at the libellous memorial of Mr. /I. Burnett to the Fiscal, to be deolCwith Awarding to that colonial law, which, as (Inventor, 1 w ha a* 44 A vt etli f. i r g ' l o n l i: t t liu rid in f ia li 7 e r full i I : " Pr i ty ea putilic duty, in, whi c h 1 stu supported by the matured opinion of the first legal authority in the rolotty. I have, &e. (Signed) CHARLES 'HENRY SOMERSET. Liar! Bathurst, K. G. &e. &C. &C. '~✓ i = •ti 7 , , 4if e•Neetic.%; 11 .. ' "•-•'" . • ~,• • • • - . , • - 1- t „ , • , , No. 10,594. FRIDAY EVENING, AUGUST 25, 1826. PRICE 7D. %,."/"