The Sun. — London, England, 1864-02-19 00:00:00

ThI'ERIAL PARLIAMENT ROUST ; OF LORDS—Last Evening, The LoAD CHANCELLOR took his seat on the woolsack at five o'clock. Lord 110 UGHTON presented a petition from a public meeting held in Manchester, against any interference on the part of th is country in the Dano-German war. Lord REDESDALE presented a petition from Finsbury against the scheme for the extension of metropolitan railways. The Marquis of CLANRICARDE gave notice that on Tuesday next he should put a question to her Majesty's Government relative to recruiting in Ireland for the Federal States, MUSE'CM FOR PATENTS. The Earl of POWIS asked whether her Majesty's Go vernment intended during the present year to establish a proper museum and library for patents? The noble earl referred to the want of a well-organised establishment of the nature referred to, because if such was really in existence it would afford facilities for persons contemplating bygone inventions, and also allow inventors to become acquainted with that which had already been discovered. Earl GRANATILLE agreed in many of the observations of the noble lord, and he thought the present accommoda tion ought to be extended. He could give no distinct answer to the question further than assuring his noble friend that the matter was under the consideration of Government The Earl of ROMNEY:called attention to the state of the law with regard to the removal of clerks of the peace from their office, and asked whether Government would consider the subject with a view of amending the Lew in that respect. The LORD CHANCELLOR said the subject would be taken into consideration with a view of ascertaining whe ther some judicious amendment of the law could not be made. Lord CRA.NWORTH thought the evil complained of could be met if the power of removing clerks of the peace from office was given to the Lord Chancellor. Their lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS--Yesterday. The SPEA.KER took the chair shortly before 4 o'clock. NEW MEMBER. Mr. Moon took the oaths and hie seat on his election for Brighton, in the room of Mr. Coningham, and was received with cheers from the Conservative benches. GREAT EASTERN AND NORTHERN JUNCTION RAILWAY BILL. On the motion for the second reading of this bill, Mr. G. H. PACKE opposed the motion on the ground that there was no necessity for the undertaking,and moved the rejection of the bill. Captain JERVIS supported the motion. Mr. EGERTON, as a direetor of the Great Northern, sail that he did not oppose the bill on the ground of the mere fact that it would introduce competition with the line in which he was interested, but that it enunciated a new principle, namely, as to the rights of a large commer cial company who had no interest in the proposed under taking to come forward and subscribe a large sum for its onstruction. He therefore would second the amendment. Lord J. MANNERS opposed the second reading of the !on principle. After some remarks by Alderman SALoxoss, Mr. MASSEY said that the time had passed when Par liament would take into consideration the question of com petition as being a ground for rejecting a bill. With reference to the second objection, he could only say that tho company who had advanced the money for the new line had complied with the standing orders and could not be objected to at present. Sir J. SHELLEY protested against the house being in fluenced by the opinion of the Chairman of Ways and :Means, Col. WILSON-PATTEN took exception to the remark of the last speaker. Mr. PACS E then withdrew his amendment, and the bill was read a second time. ARMY ESTIMATES. Sir H. WILLOUGUBY asked the Under Secretary of State for War if the accounts of the army receipts and ex penditure for the year ending March 31, 1863, would be presented previous to the discussion on the Army Estimates for the current year ? The Marquis of HARTINGTON said he believed that explanatory statements had already been laid on the table, and the accounts in question would be in the hands of hon. members in the course of a few days. TARIFF BETWEEN AUSTRIA AND THE Z OLLYE RE IN . Mr. S. BEAUMONT asked the President of theßoard of Trade for the production of a tariff between Austria and the Zoliverein, which was officially published at Vienna in November, 1863. Mr. HUTT said that the document alluded to would be laid on the table shortly. CAPTUitE OF BRITISH VESSELS. Mr. BAILLI E asked the Attorney-General whether he was of opinion that when an English merchantvessel was captured by an American ship of war in the harbour of a neutral State, it was the duty of the Government to welt for the action and decision of a prize court before reparation was demanded from the American Government; and, if so, whether the Government would also have to wait for the action of a prize court if an English vessel shou'd be taken out as; a prize from an English harbour; and, whether, the capture of the British vessel Science by an American ship of war in the Mexican harbour of Matamoros was not a violation of international law, and a direct act of hosti lity against England. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said with regard to the princ:ple involved, it could not be doubted that when an English vessel was captured in neutral waters, the Govern ment should not wait for the action of a prize court. In reference to the case of the Science, it was denied by the American captain who captured the vessel that it was seized in neutral waters, and no answer had yet been received by this Government in reply to their communication with the American Government. All they could have done was to make - that representation. He was happy to be able to state that nothing was more distinct and clear than that no neutral vessel could be taken by the American Govern• ment in the Mexican waters, and that oven if it were driven by stress of weather beyond the neutral line they would still be protected. THE REV. DR. PAYNE. Mr. O'NEILL asked the Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs whether her Majesty's Government had taken any steps to obtain compensation for losses sustained by the Rev. Dr. Payne, in consequence of au assault made upon him by a Greek soldier in April, 1561 ; and, if not, whether it was intended to take any steps far this purpose? Mr. L A.YAR D said that the soldier had been condemned to Melt's months' imprisonment, and he thought that punishment was sufficient for his offence. RURAL PARISHES. Mr. ROGERS asked the Secretary of State for the Hom Department, if, after a county had been divided into highway districts under the Act of 1862, facilities would be afforded to rural parishes, where the population according to the last census was more than 3,000, and such parishes desire to withdraw from such districts by adopting the Local Government Act of 1858? Sir G. GREY said that no additional facilities would be afforded for the purpose mentioned by the hon. member. QUEEN'S COLLEGE (CORK). Lord NAAS asked the Chief Secretary for Ireland whe ther the report of the President of the Queen's College, Cork, to her Majesty, for the past year, had yet been pre sented; and whether that report contained the whole of the correspondence which had taken place between the Irish Government, Dr. Bullen, and Sir R. Kane ; and if it did not whether he would lay the entire correspondence on the table of the house ? Sir It. PEEL said the report of the President of the Queen's Colleg e in Cork had been presented, and was laid on the table of the house yesterday. There would be no objection to publish the correspondence alluded to. RELATIONS WITH BRAZIL. Mr. HUNT asked the Under Secretary of State for Fo reign Affairs whether the Portuguese Government had ten dered its good offices to bring about a rene :val of diplomatic relations between this country and Brasil, and whether her Majesty's Government had accepted those good offices, and whether any papers upon the subject would be laid upon the table ? _ _ Mr. LAYARD said that the offer s of the Portuguese G,wernment made last year had been accepted by hi s no bl e friend at the head of the Foreign-office, but he could not state whether it had been accepted by the other Government or not. No correspondence had taken place oa the subject. VESTRY CESS ABOLITION BILL. Sir R. PEEL, in moving the second reading o f this bill, said that the object was to abolish a power which the vestries in Ireland had possessed for a considerable time, as it was found that these powers were no longer desirable. The right hon. gentleman entered into some details in support of the bill, Sir E. GROGAN would not oppose the bill, but thought it required much consideration. Lord NAAS o - ujected to a portion of the bill. After same observations from Colonel French, Mr. Lefroy, Colonel Dunne, and other hon. members, The bill was read a second time, and ordered to be com mitted cn Thursday next, PENAL SERVITUDE ACTS AMENDMENT. Sir G. GREY, in moving for leave to introduce measure to a mend the Penal Servitude Acts, said that the mewas founded on the rep ort of the commiss ioners which l pre sented to hon. membe rs too late last sess ion to enable him to bring in a bill on the subj2ct. While there had been an increase last year in a particular description of offence, suc h as to justify the alarm of the public, still, notwith standing the increase in the population, it appeared from the report of the commission that there had been a decrease in crime in the United Kingdom. The recom mendations of the commission were of two classes, the first of which related to administrative details, which no doubt were very important but required no alteration in the exist ing law to give them effect. The second class did require some alterations, and the bill was so framed so as to effect tbat object, and amongst that class of recommendations was that the term of penal servitude should not be less than seven years, He found that in England, since the act was passed in 1857 to the end of 1862, there had been 13,331 sentences of penal servitude punishment ; of these 3,825 were for three years, and 4,432 were for four years, iiaking to gether 8,257, or two-thirds of the whole numb r. In Scot land, during the same period, there had been 1,292 sentences of penal servitude passed, and of these 17 m ere for three years and 529 for four years, or more than ) • • half. In Ire land, during the same period, there had been 2,167 sentences of penal servitude; and of these 711 were for three years and 751 for four years, being considerably above two-thirds of the whole. Her Majesty's Government, coinciding in the opinion of the commission that those sentences ought not to be continued, thought that the minimum period of penal servitude should be increased. The commissioners looked to the lengthening of the sentences as the beat means of pro ducing a salutary effect, and in principle the Government entirely concurred with that recommendation of the commis sioners. But that recommendation was intimately connected with another, which was, that all male convicts not disquali fied for removal to a colony shonld be sent to Western Aus tralia during the latter part of their punishment. That re commendation was entitled to the greatest weight, and he was bound to say that although the Government had not been able to act on it, the commissioners were fully justified in making it. With the exception of the hon. member for Pontefract (Mr. Childers), the commissioners were unanimous. The right hon. gentleman the member for Oxfordshire, who de clined to sign the report of the commission, stated his reason, in which he expressed an opinioa favourable to the removal from this country to Western Australia of as many male convicts as the colony was able and willing to receive. The Lord Chief Justice, though differing in principle from the rest of the commissioners, stated that the urgent demand for labour in Western Australia rendered that colony willing to take a very large proportion of our convicts. He saw the wisdom of supplying that demand, by which both the mother country and the colony would be benefited and a new field opened for the convicts themselves. He (Sir G. Grey) agreed with every word that the Lord Chief Justice had written on that subject. He was bound to say that they could not have anticipated the extreme apprehension and alarm with which the inhabitants of the Eastern settle ments had received the recommendations of the commission. Those recommendations, however, had created the greatest alarm, to such an extent, indeed, that it had been thought prudent not to carry them into effect. Ho thought, on the other hand, that there had been an exaggerated feeling in this country as to the benefits likely to accrue from the adoption of the recommendation, because it would be some time before it could have been of any practical effect. He had made a careful calculation of what would be the result of carrying out the recommendation, and he found that for the five years ending 1862 there were 2,900 convicts sen tenced to penal servitude each year. From these had to be deducted 1,400 women and juvenile offenders and others whu were unfit for hard labour, so that there remained 1,500 available to be sent to Western Australia, supposing they were sentenced to not less than seven years. Against these being sent to Western Australia, both her Majesty and the Government had been memorialised and petitioned by the inhabitants of Eastern Australia. Now, he for one, admitting the colonists to express their views on the subject, denied their right of dictating to her Majesty as to natters affecting the inhabitants of another colony thousands of miles away, With regard to sending con • victs to Western Australia, he found that at present as many as 600 were sent every year. That number the Government would continue to send, but they would not carry out the recommendation of the commission. In fact it would be unjust to Western Australia for the Government to turn a deaf ear to their wishes and discon tinue the practice of sending convicts to that colony. Another alteration in the law with regard to Western Aus tralia would tend to remove the apprehensions of the other colonists, namely, the conditional pardon with regard to long sentences. Under the existing system the convict might receive a pardon, and he could return to any town in Europe or go to any other colony, if he had the means to do so and if he so pleased. What the Government proposed now to do was that one condition of a pardon should be that the convict should not quit the colony until the expiration of the term of his sentence, but every inducement would be held out to him to pursue an honest life, and there would be no undue interference with his movements. With regard to the general question of transportation and penal servitude, the Government had come to the determination of adopting the term of five years as the minimum of penal ser Itude, and abolishing the sentence of three and foul years. The next important recommendation of the commissioners was one on which there was a difference of opinion. It was that with re gard to cone lets sentenced to penal servitude being subjected to nine months' separate imprisonment, and then to labour on public works for the remainder of their term, that re mainder to depend on their good conduct. That was a very . important question, and upon it there was a diff erence e t opinion between the Lord Chief Justice and the commission. The evidence showed that the hope of re mission of the sentence was the most powerful inducement that could be offered for good conduct. Such was the opinion of the direc tors of all the convict prisons both in England and Ireland, The Lord Chief Justice said ;hat if the principle had been a good one it would apply equally to short as to long sentences. there was, however, a great difference between them. A prisoner sentenced to twelve months' or two years' im prisonment had the end of his sentence always before him, and he knew when it would arrive; but a prisoner sentenced to twenty years' penal servitude became desperate unless some hope were given him. It had been objected that in this system there was a want of certainty in the punishment. Upon this point there had been great popular misapprehen- Bien. There was no want of certainty in the punishment. The punishment was fixed at a certain minimum, which might be reached through the good conduct of the convict. Say, a man was sentenced to twelve years' penal servitude, which might by good conduct be reduced to nine years. That was the minimum punishment, but the punishment might extend to the twelve years. There was, therefore, no uncertainty, and the judges, in passing sentence, knew this and framed the sentences accordingly. The recommendation of the commissioners was that no lees than three-fourths of the sentence should be absolute, and that the remission of the other fourth should depend on the good conduct of the convict. He thought the house would do well in acting on that recommendation and adhering to the present system. The right hon. gentleman, in explaining a recommendation of the Royal Commissioners that tickets-of-leave should enable the holder to proceed beyond the limits of this coun try, said that a revokable license in its terms carried with it the necessity of limiting the convict by the terms of his licence to the jurisdiction within which that licence was given. Even if given to go to our own colonies, it would lead to remonstrances from our colonies against the principle. On the whole therefore it had not been thought possible to extend the limits of the licence. The bill would therefore recognise the existing state of things, and not make any alteration in the practice as regards tickets of leave. Fol lowing another recommendation of the commissioners, it was proposed that when a license was revoked the convict should undergo the whole term of imprisonment that he had yet to serve under his sentenee at the time the ticket of leave was granted, instead merely of the time which was unexpired at the period of committing the offence, or in other words that the convict should begin where he left off. It was pro posed also to make certain breaches of the licence cognisable by magistrates, and punishable when of an inferior character by summary conviction, instead of remission to prison to serve out the remainder of the original sentence. Under the provisions of the bill there would be no sentence of penal servitude for less than five years. If a ticket of leave holder committed an indictable offence the licence would be revoked, and if forfeited by a conviction the whole of the original sentence would be undergone from the date when the licence was granted ; if the breach of the licence was of a character cognisable by a magistrate, then the punishment would be summary conviction. The convict would be called upon to produce his licence when required, and if he was suspected of a breach of his licence, then he would be apprehended, taken before a magistrate, and the case inquired into, and if coming within the magistrate's jurisdiction, the case would be punished by imprisonment, but in that case the conviction was to be reported to the Secretary of State for the Home Department, who would, according to his discre tion, revoke the licence or not. Another recommendation of the Royal Commissioners was to give to local magistrates the power of ordering the immediate infliction of corporal punishment in the case of prisoners guilty of ineuberdina tion in convict prisons. As the law at present stood, such punishment could only he inflicted by the authority of the directors of the prison. As it was desirable, for the sake of example, that such punishment should take place at once, and as it was difficult to communicate with all the directors, he proposed to embody such recommendation in the bill, and give power for any two local magistrates to be called in, take evidence on oath, and exercise the power of ordering corporal punishment in the case referred to. The right hon gentle roan concluded by moving for leave to bring in the bill. Mr. ADDERL EY submitted the scheme of the Govern ment to a rigid and searching scrutiny, contending that it was based upon an unsoand principle, inasmuch as it pro posed to remedy the inefficiency of the existing law by fur ther extending a principle which had already failed. The eight hon. gentleman stated several objections to the mea sure, and laid particular stress upon the fact that it pre tended to emb o d y t h e recommendations of the Royal com mission, whereas it omitted the moat essential feature of them. Ile would legislate so as to make punishment the stood 111.(l by be at , i h e s pole obje c t, and the punishment should be precisely under• il.ntleekheoteuledf l b e e av d e efi e n n it d e, m un ek if e or t m h , a s n en d t b en it e t e er l . it l e i r e a,e . ally coincide with the punishment t o ° follow There should be no alle v i at i on of the man's punishment in prison, except by hi s n t, froeesmhetoilede n c e l v a e s : t b o e a e n b o r t i le d e r e , d an u d u l t e h s l b e; g t h t h e exercise of the Royal clem ency. Lot a p r omotion, throu g h i n d ustry an d r g o gd the c Te d n u te e measure of that kind be passed, and it would be an effectual one, The punishment would be simple an d intelligible to all • there ' would be fewer prisoners crowded into the gaols, and, for the first time in this country for a l ong period' there would ' be something like terror attached in th e mind of the crimi nal to the punishment for his misdeeds, Lord NAAS thought, in reference to the question of transportation to Western Australia, that the Government had come to a hasty conclusion, and that a much larger ex • tension of the system might be adopted. Moreover, he believed that the inhabitants of the other Australian settle ments would become satisfied that that might be done with out inflicting any evil upon them. The measure was also objectionable in not providing an adequate supervision by THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, the police over ticket-of-leave men. In other respects it met with hie approval. Mr. WHITBREAD spoke in favour of the measure,:and argued that without stimulants to good behaviour on the part of the convict it would be impossible to keep eight hundred or a thousand prisoners in order, and useless to hope for their reformation, and that the ticket-of• leave system had not failed. Mr. CAVE discussed the general question of crime and its correctives in an able and interesting speech. Mr, C. FORTESCUE treated the subject from the Colo nial-office point of view, and justified the Government in not proposing any more extended system of transportation to Western Australia than the capacity of that colony ad. mitted cf. He thought that those prisoners who were sen tenced to long terms of imprisonment should receive a large portion of their sentences at home, and should only even tually find their way to Australia as a boon, and as a mode of dealing with them at the end of their sentences ; in fact, that transportation should partake of the character of exile rather than anything else. He believed that the proposals of the Government would eventually satisfy both the inha bitants of Western Australia and of the Australian colonies generally. Sir J. PAKINGTON said that as a member of the Royal commission, and feeling deeply interested in the sub ject, he wished to make a few remarks on the plan submitted by the Government. He felt bound to admit that the right hon. gentl man had evinced a desire to follow ou• the re commendation of the Royal Commission as closely as he fairly could. The right hon. baronet had referred to the act of 1857, and the causes which led to the change that then took place. He (Sir J Pakington) had before re marked on the great jumps in the sentences from two years' imprisonment to seven years' transportation, and an inter mediate period was fixed upon, shorter sentences of penal servitude being substituted for seven years' transportation. The right hon. gentleman said the commissioners had re ported unfavourably of the experiment. As one of the com missioners he entirely concurred in the report. He thought that those short sentences had not answered well, end he had no idea that the criminal courts would have acted upon them to the extent that they had done. If the courts of justice would carry out their sentences in this spirit of lenity, it was a matter of minor importance what system of punishment the Government should adopt. He thought therefore that Government were correct in the course they had taken, and that at all events the term of penal servitude should be made longer. He would next advert to a most important topic, namely, the determination of the Govern ment to disregard the recommendation of the Royal Com mission on the subject of carrying out transportation to Western Australia on a greatly extended scale. He was of opinion that they could not look to Western Australia to carry out transportation, and he looked with anxiety to the agitation which had taken place in that colony OR this subject. If there was a serious objection to carry ing out transportation in 'Western Australia by the colonists generally, it was the duty of the Government to concede to this objection; but it ought to be recollected that the greatness of Australia was to be dated to the ad vantages derived from convict labour. The cause of the cry against transportation had arisen from the great extent of emigration to Australia in connexion with the gold digging. But the views entertained by the colonists as regarded the introduction of convicts were exaggerated ones. Yet, al though he thought this circumstance had been greatly ex aggerated by the colonists of Australia, he still thought that the Government were right in concurring in the opinion expressed by the people of Australia on the subject, He begged now to observe that he was favourable to the prin ciple of the remission of punishment, as it was calculated to reform the convict, although this was in opposition to the opinion of the Lord Chief Justice of England ; and he was therefore glad that the Government had retained in this bill the principle of remission of punishment. He, however, thought the remission of punishment ought to be accom panied by proper supervision of the ticket-of-leave convict. The right hon. gentleman then referred to the evidence of Sir Richard Mayne, in which that gentleman stated that he had told the police not to take cognizance of ticket-of leave men. This showed that supervision was clearly ob jected to by the head of the London police. The right hon. gentleman the Secretary of State seemed not to concur in the course pursued by Sir Richard Mayne in this respect. Well, that might be so, but it was clear that the head of the London police had given the directions to which he has referred, and he (Sir J. Pakington) was now glad to find that the Home Secretary did not concur in this instruction to the police, for he (Sir J. Pakington) cor.sidered that they should have a system of supervision carried on by the police over the ticket 'of-leave men. (Hear, hear.) Upon the whole he concurred in the general views taken on this subject by the right hon. the Secretary for the Home Department, and he would hereafter give the measure his most careful con sideration. Mr. CHILDERS, after some remarks upon the system of transportation, the chquges it underwent, its results and its failures, strongly insisted upon the repugnance enter tained by the Australian colonists to transportation, and their d, sire to see it come to an end, so that the whole of that continent should be settled by free people. Mr. NEW DEGATE combated these views of the Australian colonist, and urged the injustice of their refus ing to one of the colonies means it desired of augmenting its resources by convict labour. He repudiated the idea that,at the dictation of any body of its colonists, this country should be deterred from seeking an outlet for its criminals for the benefit of its colonists no less than for its own benefit. After a few observations by Mr. MAnsit, Mr. WALPOLE compared the scheme proposed by the Government with that propounded by the right hon mem ber for Staffordshire (Mr. Adderloy), and confessed a pre ference for the former. In reference to the subject of granting tickets-of-leave, he observed that men in all stages and conditions of life were operated upon by the encourage ments of hope and the deterring effects of fear; and he re minded the house that, if they only offered fear and denied the pleasure of hope, they would only debase the prisoner and turn him out of prison a worse man than he was when he went into it. He deplored the opposition of the southern and eastern colonies of Australia to a system of transpertation, and hoped that the difficulties on that point might still be overcome. He attributed the increase of crime in 1861 and 1862, in Ireland, to the failure of the crops, and in England to commercial pressure; but as that increase of crime was concurrent with the diminution of sentences to penal servitude to three years, ho be lieved that the increase of the minimum punishment from three to five years, as proposed by the Government, would have a good effect in reducing the number of crimi nals. As to the remission of sentences, he suggested that, instead of the convict being under the supervision or espionage of the police, he should be permitted to return to a known place of abode, and should report himself privately to the police if he left that place during the time his condi tional licence lasted. The last point was a difficult one ; but when a prisoner out upon his conditional licence, by com mitting a new offence, abused the Crown's mercy towards him, he ought to be made to undergo the whole of the punishment which had been remitted. (Hear, hear.) Upon the whole he could not but give his cordial approbation to the bill which had been introduced that night. (Hear.) But we ought, in his opinion, to obtain some penal station near to England, to which the worst criminals could at once be sent, and treated with a severer punishment than that now inflicted on the publio works. That was not a matter of legislation, but of regulation on the part of the Govern ment. That, superadded to the provisions now proposed, would make the system as good as it could be proved, and make it more efficient in deterring criminals from crime, while it did not exclude the principle of reformation. After a few words in reply from Sir G. GREY, The motion was then agreed to, the bill read a first time, and ordered for a second reading on Monday week. THE METRIC' SYSTE ‘I OF WEIGHTS AND MEAOURE Mr, W. EWART obtained leave to bring in a bill to render permissive the metric system of weights and measures. The house adjourned at twelve o'clock, RELIGION Or THE IRISH.—The Census of Ire land in 1861 found in that country 4,505,266 Roman Catholics 693,357 persons belonging to the Established Church, 523,291 Presbyterians, 45,399 Methodists, 4,532 Independents, 4,237 Baptists, 3,695 Quakers, 393 Jews, and 15,666 of various other persuasions. The number of persons belonging to the Established Church is ratber less than the population of the diocese of Lincoln. Of the Roman Catholics five years old and upwards 45 . 8 per cent. could neither read nor write, of the Established Church 16 per cent., 11'1 per cent, of the Presbyterians, 9 per cent. of the Methodists, 6 . 8 of the Independents, 9 . 2 of the Baptists, 4.1 of the Quakers. Many persons described themselves as belonging to communions little known to the outside world. There were 2,756 Covenanters—there were Kellyites, Darbyites, Walkerites,and Morrissoniane. The religion of two persons is described as " Palatine ;" one man puts down his religion as " self opinion." There are 7 " Old Lights," and 18 " New Lights." There is a " Crow wellian Protestant," but he stands alone. So does a "Positivist." There are 11 persons "of no particular sect," two "doubtful," one unbeliever, ono Atheist, and 72 point-blank " of no religion." [ADVERTISEMENT.]—Consumption, all nervous, bilious, liver, and stomach complaints, in every stage, arc only ag gravate and accelerated by drugs of every description, but perfectly curable by Du Barry's health restoring Revalenta Arabica Food, as proved by thousands of cases which had been considered hopeless. We quote a few.—Cure No. 62,914. Miss Lange, 18 years of age, cured after the medical men had abandoned all hope- , of her recovery from the last stage of pulmonary consumption, with f -arful cough, expectoration, exhaustion, spitting of blood, perspirations, hollow cheeks, emaciated to a skeleton. She is now, thank God, a perfectly healthy, blooming, fleshy girl,—N. Lange, Comraissaire de Police. Cure, No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, and partial deafness.—Cure, No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies.—Cure, No. 54,816. the Rev. James T. Campbell, Fakenham,' Norfolk, of indigestion and torpidity of the liver, which had resisted all medical reatment. In tins, 11b, 2s 9d; 21b, 45 6d; 51b, ifs; 121 b, 225; 241 b, 40s. Barry du Barry and Co., No. 77, Regent-street, London; also Fortnum and Mason; and all g - toccrs and chemists in every town of the United Kingdom. THE SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN WAIL :From the Times Special Correspondent with the Danish Army.) DANISH HEADQUARTERS, SONDERBURG, ISLE OF ALSEN, Feb. 8. A week has barely expired since I landed at this place from Korsor and Copenhagen, on my way to the headquarters of the Danish army, with a hope to be still in time to witness some of the incidents of the fight for the Dannewerk, and here I am, already, back again at the end of six days, after seeing the close of that fight. I was at Schleswig on Friday evening, the 6th, somewhat disposed to lay aside all expectation of any great events for the night, although there was a talk about a contemplated attack on the part of the enemy, when an artillery officer, with whom I had become intimate, and with whom I had dined and sat after dinner that very day, oame back after a few minutes' absence, and with an altered voice and under the strictest reserve told me that "the Council of War, upon receiving positive intelligence that the enemy had been that very day reinforced to the full extent of 35,000 men, had resolved upon the sudden abandonment of the position of the D m ot, werk and an immediate retreat upon Flensburg and Aleen. He asked my word of honour not to telegraph the sad news for the whole of that night, but it was a superfluous precaution ; the whole tele graphic establishment at Schleswig was already packed up in vans at the bead of the retreating columns, and I since found the same measures had been taken at Flensburg and every where on the road till I came to this place, where I am assured all telt-graphic communication with England is inter rupted, not only at Sunderburg, but at Copenhagen itself. I was not the earliest, but certainly by no means the latest, to receive a hint of the intended back ward move of the Danish army. One of the briga diers in command placed himself at the head of his cultuna at 10 o'clock in the evening with the full understanding that he was to march to the advanced posts at Fredericksburg and Bustrup, when, on the very ground, he received orders to take the road to Flensburg. The surprise, the humiliation, the rage of the Danish officers may better be conceived than described. I did not see them breaking their sword blades on the ground, as I saw French officers do on the marble tables at the Milan cafes after the armistiee and Peace of Villafranca, but the indigna tion of these Northrnen, although less demonstrative, was no less heartfelt and genuine. They all asked, " Why was not the Danuewerk given up on the first summons by Wrangel if Denmark was not sufficiently strong to defend it with honour; and if there was a chance of a generous, however ultimately unsuccessful, resistance, why were we not at least allowed to strike a blow fur that costly line of citadels ; why were we made to quit the spot like a duellist who refuses to condescend to any reasonable apology before appearing on the ground, then flies the ground just as the time has come when there can be noretreat without ignominy ?" They allowed indeed that the lime was too long, the defending army too small, the disproportion with the enemy too great, and that by tarrying on their position the Danish army might have been taken in the rear by some of the Austro-Prussians breaking through the line of the Schlei ; but all these difficulties could and ehou:d have been foreseen from the beginning, more than 10 days ago. Nothing, since Wrangel's intimation had been met with such bold defiance, had occurred to alter the position. Either that posi tion was too weak to attempt any defence whatever, or such defence should have been pushed up to the broadest exigencies of honour, regardless of conse quences; the Danuewerk should not have been e iven up without at least some deed of arms worthy of the high respect with which the world had been taught to pronounce the name of that stronghold. Ihe conduct of the Government and of the Com mander-in-Chief appeared to the Danes inexplica ble, and they thought that their warlike fame had been sacrificed to the pitiful shifts of a craven home policy or to the treacherous intrigues of a remorse less foreign diplomacy. I had nothing to fear for myself had I made up my mind quietly to await the arrival of the Austru- Prussians at Schleswig, but I was, in a certain men - eer, attached as a correspondent to the D inish army, and made it a point of honour to follow its fortunes, wherever they might be. Ali the mines of Potosi, I felt sure, could not at that pinch have helped me to a horse or a conveyance; but the friendly captain, to whom I was already indebted if I ever got a chair to sleep in or a table to write at since i had come to headquarters, offered me a seat on his military van, and I have been travelling with him ever since. They had given him the post of honour at the rear-guard, and it was past 10 when we set out with his battery on the road to Flensburg. The weather had been soft and sloppy for the last five or six days at Schleswig, but the snow, which had been falling in large sluggish flakes on Friday morning, began to gain consistency before we set out in the evening; the wind rose, keen and boisterous, from the north-east, and at its very first blast the state of the atmosphere and the look of the country were changed as if by magic. The snow thickened and hardened on the ground,the road became smooth and bright as glass, horses and men slipped dread fully, and fell almost at every step. Not ens horse in the whole Danish army was rough-shod that night—on the contrary, the shoes both of saddle and draught horses were worn smooth by the last five or six days' incessant march on muddy ground, and the progress of the army met with terrible hin drance at the outset. The wind was so chill and violent, the melting snow in our faces was so blind ing, that in spite of my multitudinous wrappings I soon found my Beet in the open van intolerable, and alighted, together with the motley crowd from thou sands of vehicles (not two of which were covered), and took my place in the line of march by the side of nay brave captain, who had also quitted his saddle and was tramping along, now at the head, now at the rear of his battery. It was not long before our march began to exhibit, on a small scale, some of the horrors of the famous retreat of the French from Moscow. The night was dark, the cold terrible ; the thermometer, I dare say, aid not mark more than four or five degrees below the freezing point, but the chill in our veins told a very different tale, and the slipperiness of the road was perfectly awful. The snow, which was falling thick and fast at frequent intervals, lay in the fields three or four inches deep, and fringed the rees in the forests with the most plcturesque fret work; but it was trodden to the thinnest layer by all the feet, hoofs, and wheels of a whole host, tilt it glistened like ice in the occasional gleam of some pile star, as one or two peeped out in the sky through the gaps opened in the mass of clouds by the fitful blast. Dragoons, a r tillerymen, all who t ravel on saddle, were dismount e d, even led - horses were put to the direct exertio ns t o keep their foot in g ; draught horses had to b e held up, and ca nnons, caissons, and ammunition or luggage waggons to be dragged by the sheer strength of men, whose tread was no steadier. The falling of men and beasts, the cracking of wheels and axletrees, was prodigious. It took us all nine hours to go over the first Danish mile and a half (less than seven English) of ground. Morning broke upon us long before we were half way between Schleswig and Flensburg, and we reached the latter place about 4 o'clock p.m. on Saturday, having accomplished the whole distance of 22 English miles in 18 hours. The halt at Flensburg was of only two hours. Soon after dark we were again toiling onwards in the direction of Krasau and Gravenstein ; we reached the latter place at about 8 a.m., after a second night rehearsing all the horrors of the previo us one in an aggravated form, and only came to the end of our journey here at sunset last evening, after little less than 48 hours' unmitigated suffering. The cutting wind, the drifting snow, the darkness, the slipperi ness of the roads, were the same throug hout. Eren at Sonderburg, even in the streets a nd o p en places of the town and environs, where ho rses had to be picketed and the soldiers to lie by their side as they beet could, men and cattle had to stri ve hard with the treacherous ground, they had to weather the furious storm as Heaven sent it, not a few of them cursing in their hearts the madness of Kings, who must needs go to war and must need s wa g e war in deep winter! I have touched, in a few words, and without the 'EBRUARY 19, 1864. least exaggeration, on the hardships and difficulties the Danish army had to contend with in its retreat, because I think, on the whole, that this retreat was effected in as admirable order as could be expected I under the circumstances, and these brave troops evinced throughout a hardy spirit and a manly en- , durance above any high praise that my poor pen could bestow upon it. 'We had not gone half a mile from Schleswig before we found a very heavy piece of siege artillery forsaken on the road. The eight horses which dragged it had become, owing to the state of the roads, as powerless as so many new littered kittens, and all the efforts of the men to share the work with them had proved unavailing. In the same manner, as we advanced on our dismal march, we, who were in the rear, came up with broken carriages, dismounted caissons, and horses fallen never to rise. Tae ob structioi to our progress was indescribable. We moved inch by into ; it was one step, two steps, and a halt, and especially at night, as we approached some krog, or public-house, the throng ot• convey ances, especially of sutlers and other camp followers of every description, who insisted upon stoppingon the highway to feed their cattle, could not be broken through either by entreaty or menace, by love or force. Human selfishness, improvidence, cowardice, could not fail to exhibit their most hideous features on tnis occasion as in other great calamitous occurrences. I passed wretches on the road, on the second night, who lay on the tomes by the wayside, regardless of the snow that was cover ing them like a pall. I roused some of them, trying to awaken them to their danger, but in vain, and went my way, shrugging my shoulders, speculat ing on the awakening which might or might not await them in the morning. How many may have perished by the cold, how many of the horses and how much of the materiel were left behind, I have no means to tell, but lam sure all was done that Littman valour and determination could achieve. Not a little co'fusion indeed reigned during the night, but order came in the morning. The battalions of infantry marched steadily and comps ctiy in their ranks ; the men, who in the midst of their suffer ings had no reason to complain of hunger, toiled on resolutely ; the houses, hospitably open to them on the road, did not lure them to unreasonably long delays. Whenever any delay or obstruction on the road occurred of any inconvenient length, the eight of an officer—the clear, sharp, ringing voice of my friend the artillery captain, for instance, who showed throughout an energy and strength of will perfectly indomitable—had on the few laggards all the effects of a trumpet. Up they started, ready and willing, more instantly amenable to duty and subordination than any other troops I ever marched with. I have now seen regiment after regi ment coming in, not much the worse for their 48 hours' dreadful tear and wear. Most of the field pieces, also, have been safely conveyed to their new positions, though the same may not be said of some of the heaviest ammunition waggons. Gen. Wileter, who commanded at Frederickstadt, has been able to bring all his garrison to Sonderbarg without the loss either of on© man or horse, or even of any part of his heavy siege train. In the midst of all this magic drama of the retreat from the Dannewerk occasional flashes of comic in cident were not wanting. The oddity of the head gear, the variety of skull caps, hoods, wrappers, and blankets, with which every man strove to shelter himself from the wintry blast, according as his fancy suggested or his means afforded, gave the whole train a quaint, ludicrous appearance. The few men who lay exhausted in the waggons, swathed and muffled, were covered with the thick falling flakes till they looked like statues or snow-men, and alto gether there was something so ghastly and unreal in the whole mass of men and things that the state of my imagination, disturbed by long unrest, jumbled together the present with a distant past, and made me at times fancy I was moving along a train of masquerading carriages on an Italian torso, 4tich a one for instance as I saw last year at Turin just a twelvemonth ago, only the procession was silent and not gay, so that it was rather the ghost of a mummery than the thing itself. I saw burly officers of a fine dragoon regiment, men who are ilgM as birds when in the saddle, but who have to more legs than the Qeeen of Spai❑ is supposed •.o have—l saw them, I say, blundering and stumbling along the road the whole way, puf bug end panting, tumbling also occasionally (I had myself two rather heavy falls on the villainous hard ice)—and swearing rather savagely at the unwonted, and to them unendureble mode of loco motion; but here they were at dinner last evening safe and whole, all of them laughing at the sore trial they had to submit to in their 48 hours' stroll, and not a little vain, in their heart of iaeatte, at the teat which they had, willy hilly, been able toaccomplish. The Austrians, we were told, only entered Schles wig at 4 o'clock in the morning of Saturday ; but it was not long before they gave chase, and we had them in our rear before we were ten miles on our way. They met, however, with not a few of the difficulties we had to contend with, and although we hear of frequent skirmishes on the whole of the long and wide line of retreat, still I have not been able to obtain certai❑ information of any serious engage ment except at a place called Bilschan Krug, at about four miles from Flensburg, on the very road we had followed from Schleswig, where two regi ments of infantry, the Ist and 11th, with two field • pieces, under Colonel Beck, commanding the tat Regiment of Foot, came into collision with a widely • superior force cf Austrians—who had, we are told, 16 cannon with them—and made good their ground for some time, twice attacking the enemy with the bayonet, but falling back at last, after suffering severe losses, especially in officers. Ali the staff of • one of the companies of the Ist Regiment was left • on the well contested field. The mai❑ part of the Danish army is now concen trated here, relying on the natural strength of this sea-girt little island, and on the outworks at Duppel which guard the only approaches to the narrow Sound on the mainland. The enemy is close on their track, and at the moment I am writ ing I hear the hurrahing of the various detach ments, which are marching to the outposts in the expectation of a brush with the Austrians. It is rather cdd that so little should ever be heard of the Prussians. With the exception of their first not very successful attack on Missuntue on Tuesday last, the troops of that nation have hardly been seen or heard of any where at the front, and all the toil and honour of the campaign seems to have been left to the Austrians, in whom the Danes recognise worthy adversaries, while they speak of their Pftl3- slam foes with contempt. Altogether, I do not believe any army in the world could have behaved more honourably under so great a variety of untoward circumstances than the D Anes have done in this tnfortunate retreat. Should any chance be offered them of retrieving their losses by any trial at all mounting to fair fight, I have no doubt they will acquit themselves to the fullest credit, and if the Austrians or Prus sians choose to employ all their overwhelming strength against this position of Alsen, where their vast superiority of numbers will avail them less, they may find out that the Danes are not as easily dislodged as it seemed good to their leaders that they should be at the Dannewerk. The whole population along the road, and even at Flensburg, gave proof the utmost sympathy with the toiling and suffering troops. Every door was open ; food and assistance of every description were everywhere at hand, a proof either that the Danes are not so implacably hated by their Schleswig sub jects as their German friends:describe them, or that the kindliest feelings of humanity had got the better of political animosity. CRYSTAL PALACE.-ONE SHILLING DAY, Thursday, Feb. 18.—Admissions on payment, 998; ditto season tickers, 863—total visitors, 1,861. [ADVERTISEMENT.) — Holloway ' s Pills.—This purifying and regulating medicine should occasionally behad recourse to during foggy, cold, and wet weedier. These Pills are the best preventives of hoarseness, sore throat, diphtheria, pleurisy, and asthma, and are sure remedies for congestion, bronchitis, and inflammation. Moderate attention to the directions around each box will enable every invalid to take the Pills in the most advantageous manner. 'they can thus be taught the proper doses, and the circumstances under which they must be increased or diminished. Hol loway's Pills act as a:teratives, aperients, and tonics. Whenever these Pills have been taken as the only resource, the results have always been the most gratifying; even when they fail to cure, they always assuage the severity of symptoms and diminish danger. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TlMEs.—The Americans are beginning to look at their financial policy in a new light. Tne Federal House of Representatives has actually entertained a proposal to raise by taxation a sum equivalent to our entire revenue. It is true that the idea has not yet taken any practical s h a p e , and we sh ou ld think it exceedingly doubtful whether the expectations which it implies could ever be realised, but at any rate it marks a new conception of circumstances and obligations. Hitherto the proceedings of the Americans have been so strangely contrasted with our own methods of finance that we could but look with amazement upon the operation of a doctrine so novel. It seems to be understood that the Fe deral States will require for the ordinary and ex• traordinary expenses of their Government during the ensuing financial year a sum of money amount log, in our currency, to at least £180,00e,000. Tnis, it is calculated, may cover all outgoings on account of civil, military, and naval administration; but it includes no provision for the interest of the na tional debt. That item is reckoned et £11,000,000, though the rate of interest actually current has re cently been made matter of active controversy amorg economists in this country. However, we may assume for the purpose of our present remarks that Mr.Clease must provide a gross sum of £190,000,000 for the requirements of the financial year. How is all this money to be raised? Mr. Ceuta° understands as well as Mr. Giandstone the various expedients at tae command of a financier. It is competent to him, as he knows, ro adopt in any proportions any or ali of three great. courses. He may raise money by Cus toms, by Excise, or by an Income Tax, and he pro poses, i' seems, to press all these instruments into his service. Bat there is this singularity about his prac tice—that, whereas he places the heaviest burdens exectly where we should place the lightest, tie does not by all his proposals together protess to anise any hing like the amount which the Government will require. After acknowledging that £190,000,000 will be wanted, he proceeded to explain a scheme of taxation from which he expects at the outside a pro duct of only £45,000,0000, thus leaving more than three-fourths of the needful sum to be procured in some other manner. This enormous residue, it is unnecessary to say, he intends to borrow; so that, in fact, the essence of his budget is a gigantic loan, emnpletely eclipsing all other sources of revenue Ott these principles the whole finance of America resolves itself into a system of living on borrowed mosey. If Mr. Chase is to borrow £145,000,000 out of £190,000,000, there really appears very little rea son why he should not take the whole sum on loan at once, and save himself and the people all the vexa tion of taxes. At this conjuncture, however, the House of Representatives instructs the Committee of Ways and Means to inquire into the expediency of so increasing the duties on foreign and domestic articles of luxury as to make them yield a sum of £70,000,000 a year. If such a measure could be successfully carried out, it would effect liitle less than a revolution in the Federal system of finance Hitherto, the Americans, though so prodigal in their expenditure, have raised comparatively little by taxation, and next to nothing by any taxes except Customs. Last year Mr. Chase calculated on ob taining £14,000,000 from Customs, £25,000,000 from Excise duties, and about £6,000,000 from In come Tax; so that his whole regular revenue would have amounted to some £45,000,000. But his esti mates were not realised. Foe Customs did not yield the produce expected from them, but the Excise produced only some £6,000,000 or £7,000,000 in stead of £25,000,000 and the returns of the lucome Tux are sti 1 unknown. Nor have these disappoint merits induced Mr. Cease to reconsider his policy, for he has proposed to do no more this year than raise the sum of L 45,000,000 by the same mea ls and in the same proportions, but; as he hopes, with more complete success. Altogether, as we have said. he would only raise by taxation a quarter of the re venue required for the needs of the State, and then borrow all the rest. Tne scheme now suggested, though it is silent on the vital queetion or direct taxation, proceeds upon the principle of meeting expenditure by taxation of some kind, and no, mainly by loans. If carried successfully into exe cution, it would provide for nearly half the outgo ings of the year from a regular yearly income, and would leave proportionately less to be raised by oorrowing. In fact, it would bring the ordinary revenue of the Federal States up to some £80.000 ; 000 year—a reap , cteble contribution from people ac customed to provideonly,£ls,ooo,ooo m1:16,000,000. The question is on what. principles or by venal con sideretiona Mr. Chase's policy has been hitherto recommended. It is a policy diametrically oppnaeo to all the principles of finance recognised by modern economists, and especially to such as are most ardently advocated by the admirers of American in - stitutions in this country. Protective tariffs and ruinous Wens are its principal features, while scercely any attempt is made to raise revenue by direct taxation. It is of course natural to suppose that \lr. Chase knew the temper of his countrymen, and shaped his policy accordingly. He and his col leagues may have seen that an expenditure was re quired for the purposes of the war so large as to he tar beyond the scope of any ordinary budget. A people unaccustomed to taxation,and habituated to budgets of £15,000,000 a year, could hardly be ex pected, perhaps, to contribute on a sudden some £200,000,000 from their own pockets, and there was the less reason for pressing them in this respect, inasmuch es they enjoyed the singular reeource of untouched public credit. America bad no national debt, and was therefore at liberty to incur this obligation in place of oppressing herself by burdens intolerable at the moment. We cannot but imagine that these were really the views which prevailed with President Lincoln's Government, and to some extent, indeed, we must regard them as sound. An attempt to increase tenfold the immediate taxation of the people would probably have produced, if not resistance to the Government, at least opposition to the war, and it. may well have seemed a more judi cious policy to draw upon the rich fund of public credit intact and available. Bat still it is extraor dinary that this fund should have been absorbed with so little hesitation, and with such very little relief from present taxation—nor can we omit to mention that the whole system is characterised by some American writers, not as a makshift or ne ceeBity under extraordinary circumstances, but us the expression of an admirable financial policy absolutely transcending all systems at work in the Old World. According to these expositions the wealth and productiveness of the country are suc cessfully preserved by Mr. Cause's plan of opera tions, and the result will be that the nation, after carrying on a war of incredible costliness with scarcely a sensation of pressure, will find itself upon the conclusion of peace, not exhausted and impove rished as Great Britain was in 1815, but abounding in means and money, and able consequently to sustain or liquidate its debt without the slightest difficulty. If these curious doctrines contain any truth, the new scheme will do 'tether harm than good. We need hardly say that we regard the measure now proposed as based on sounder views, but between the inquiries of a committee into h system of taxation and the actual realisation of revenue from the taxes discussed there is a very wide interval indeed. Moreover, it appears doubt ful in the extreme whether so large a sum as £70,000,000 could ever be obtained from the sources in question. We are not told how the burden is to be distributed between Customs and Inland Revenue; but, if the division is to be equal, Customs must produce £35 000,000 a year, instead of £14,000,000, and Excise £35,000 000, instead of £7,000,000. Can these results ba secured, and frem taxes on luxuries only ? We are certainly told that the Americans are living most sump tuously, but the description applies principally to the great cities of the North-Rist, and the pro sperity which suggests the extravagance is known to be hollow. There is a slight foundation for so heavy a superstructure. Sooner or later the Ame ricans must discover the real weight of their obli gations, and this resolution of the House of Repre sentatives indicates a serious apprehension of the trufa and a desire to confront the difficulty. We fear, however, that when the day of reckoning actually arrives a tax upon luxuries will be found utterly inadequate to meet the accumulation of demands. POST.—The important note addressed by Austria and Prussia to the minor German States must have the effect of bringing to an issue the question which has virtually, if not ostensibly, agitated for some time past the two sections of the Confederation. Tire Diet has submitted to much at the hands of the great Powers, but, it remains to be seen whether it will allow its authority to be completely superseded. When the majority of the representatives at Frank fort refused to insist on the Duke of Augusten burg's withdrawal from the Duchies, and rejected the Austro-Pr uss i an proposal for making the inva sion of Schleswig contingent on the non-suspension of the Const itut i on of November, Austria and Prus sia disregarded the Federal decision, marched their trocps t hrough. Holst e i n , o b l i ged the pretender to leave Kiel, whi c h h e h ad made his head quarters, andinvaded S c hl esw i g on the ground of the non compliance of the Danish Government with the de mands made on it i n respect to the obnoxious Con stituti▪ on. In a ll t hi s the Diet, though with no good grace, quietly acqu i esced. Schleswig having been occupi▪ ed by the allied armies, another blow was directed aga i nst t h e authority of the Diet by the Prussian C ommander-in Chief, Without any previ one communicatio n w i th the Diet, and in defiance of the protest of the Federal Commissioners, he g ar risoned the prin c i pal towns in Holstein with Prussian t roops. This, however, was an indignity to which the majority in the Diet could not be ex pected to submit. Several of the minor States ad drPesed protssts the Couot!i; Of FTsAff)rl• .................—.......—............----- , against the violation of Fe deral territory, au d a committee was appointed to inquire into and repot upon the arts complained of. Pending the decision, however, the great Powers have now gone a 'OF farther, and, not content-jd with occupying 11°.- stein with their own troops have demanded the, withdrawal of those which. Iconstitute the a rmy c' the Confederation, This is in effect the substance of the note addressed by Austria and Prussia to the v., minorassuming i a n t Powers. roo Federal army,p truth, . si they Looking o e o l k i gs i :halt state i f it that a h t e tShae They Federal o :s a e ri d ! : ci to nt s a ir ohe T iet unoing that their forces constitute, in any necessity for such a reserve. They will the selves take care that execution is properly carries out, and, should a reserve be subsequently deemed o n f ecessary, they will take upon themselves the demandclel , supplying it. Stich is the nature of the r lew made by Austria and Prussia on the ilin! ° _, thPowers, and we shall await with no little cutiosli.: e response . which will be given to it. Frani 113 1 c is ou t r o se t now taken by the great German Powers 1, mode the Duchies . trot one which t hey believe will find fav air i n t o , eyes of the leaser Sates. Whether Aastria a ylspaopuspisatiroteonnt that tney intend to dispose et tulle:ants:l:mt. hseybehsis,vbeurtestohlactecti lihoee restore Prussia intend to abide by the Tree. y o' 1 852 ' era s a the Duchies to the King of Dehr ivir " r ~00n as he shalt have made certain coneessions,lcis i, whether they intend to retain them thems. lees , I ' 4 clear ar that they do not propose to ii6Opt What n 3 .00 regarded us the national programme, Th e thei rWl Powers have, however, for some time suspected 0, intentions, and have gone so far us to orrin ise in r ia, sores to frustrate them. At the innienee of fialt,,, nerenee bet wewn the Alinist ars of the respect:yr, . I,v Go v e rnments of that kingdoms S , ,xonY. i F leen ,1 urtemberg, the two Hisses, and Baden has .40 .mmoned to agree upon a course of action intlen, h event of the recognition of the Duke of Aug ° , the _ti o r l g being disaltowed by the other mem ber Danis h C_ . tederai ion, or the dionemberenent of the P', o o o m f on h a e rchy not being effeeted ty the finalaer fa ' So fart Duchy of Schleswig from that kingd°,l:l3.oll' dented as_ the States are concerned whic h ti , el n i eon' ,e n e ted to accept the above-mentioned b asis of i f d r nee, no difference of opinion can subsit:en-o'ol3r g the real objects with which that act °I r. e at. domestic rigid diecipiine—Federal execution!irwed'o D ot into effect by them in Holstein. " e • t oll iatiovo.... believed that there are any who cense _ when the Federal Commissioners otiorr; of feepatched to Holstein that it waste iliteboultl the majority of the Diet that theY7 3 il c er o l were redressedadminister t b ta n ' y b ta u l _ i t a when we notice the course which el'ell'i: with grievan ces twh k e en im d p is o a s d s v ib a l d e ts t g o es av u o n id der b ei w n h g i c h h rril F b n _ r le olat a l g v r a il byat DthueeptlYnnilierlh:gilijavgli was placed by her accidental relationship' is o stein, with the Germanic Confederation, liAgoey, h:s eotnpel led to counsel the evacuation of tba t • '., t he ceu,e Federal execution was an act seitfil,P w o legitimate powers of the Diet, and Dehrrifeopciti; obliged to accede to that advice for the sake ' 4 : Be herself in the right in the eyes of EiloP"" it nose neither England nor Denmark believed that - aes' ot se a ti rce ly the t t intention of the Confederation simply ra,e the province, and the German P o tie e c ol itn a rook the trouble of veiling their ulterior desig v l oot is decent disguise, Now, however, all chdceumitior Powers at an end ; and, at the instance of the iled teimt seriousis a r i i y of the Confederation, the Diet iS to bees ea by upon to direct that the Duchy wb i c b Was 'untol'ezalll virue of a ministerial act, and which ingo aoknowledgedshall the sovereignty of the Par 3iBfl rrets i ° ,flia be handed over to another Priace• sideaol uf Bavaria, the objects with which under the Pr . e iv 9 of meeting of the represent6l,,neceeecl. several r o i f a, th a e German States has been c i; ee n 0° Tne fruitful Schleswig-Holstein question 11 10 i p ee h e surprise of compicatious, that we exP er d -' ,fficu lt i sin rrrise at the discovery of the singular " 0 re' ch of necessity must arise, not so Mu° slag' gar& the v ac . s _ mode, but as to the right ° t til ' iv e 0f of the two Duane.. The nnatlitholle .. 0 (11 - Germany o deetares that the .I)6cniee 61. 7 0 0 tb e s s oibly united, and must in any, e vent n e 0/ 00 4 ' t am e e fate. But although wrested train i' t o nd°' by are at the present moment in differeuder,noti, Holstein is in tae p session of the Conte pr whereas Schleswig is in the position of $ 13 e ra conquered by Austria and Prussia in thei r c e p s. s c 0° v of o . t European Powers. Tne Contederatioll : op t to the ce in the disposal of Schleswig ; an d :„ e ,tria sP , fl extent of their votes in the Diet, ''''. war e " f Holstein. ol That this difficulty has Prussia are powerless V) determine the its w eer on toce d be 10° er attention both of the greater end of t ont °f t ' German Powers is apparent from their re ~,, tlia I „ is in order to get rid of this difficilbielloiaor A. tria and Prussia have called upo n ! c losi re o o i Powers to withdraw the Federal reservet e-ps cawsir crome po,ed of Saxon and Haeoverian i h r ii; ; a oh- Duchy of Holstein ; and it is *li r ' g agg e , I t j..ct that some of the lesser States ha . "' - fen'l so the Diet the expediency of despatchi,4 5t1084.3 troops into Schleswig. suer, then ja the las t ? 0 0 ” the Dano-German dispute, end it sc°aollrtoe, seem that the despoilers of Denmark 'ild.,:posit`°- o w f rangle with each other respecting Oa ° - 1' the b00ty. „ _.......--•'' . COUNTRY MARIOTS' .. --- MANCHESTER—DV:WV/J*l.o wlle'o",/jo An average attendance at market, and , "F * ' l e g; in, %pa limited demand, at the currency of this daY beat%°e clubf o cit instiraces Is per qr less money. Foreign d 6 Per rio il declined 2d per 10011). Flour neglected, an t piste g r, lower. Oats and oatmeal were quiet, and is e' changed in price. Indian corn declined 65 and beans a drill sale at former rates. d beott BIRMINGHANI—Tittrasp.,4,,Tish ; dal This morning there was a fair supplY Qt and to effect sales a reduction upon the prices to. tail . se nnight in some cases had to be subtaitteold fo re d s co again cheaper. Oats, beans, and Pe a° 61i 306 t o —English wheat was Lold at 40s to 460 for ait 0 3 0,, to 43s per 36 stone for red. Barley, new I d 2 . 2 s q r. 40s per qr ; grinding, 24s to 280 Oats ° tc ; 423 1 3 ° per 30 stone ; 18s to 245, Beans, 3°6 Peas, 36s to 42s per 36 stone. NT —Tuv loo. v of the Vitae, but ery E BURTON There wasa fair .it t ° t e N n ;I T a n i 445 3 ; change in prizes. t .4' 2 ' 5 t t ° o 4'2 4 Old white wheat..4ss to 4Ss 1 Old red,Wilea 9 .. ,3 9 0 ),9J New do. . 44s to 47s I New do. ' .20 0 l' o 40 Malting barley ....35e to 38s I Oats ........ "340 t ... Grinding d0.....28s to 32 s I Beans ...... Or ° —_— BRISTOL--Tu nn enAY. 0 s ale o o,o There was a fair show of wheat to-daY, %rive rA . ". 0 1 slow at a decline o ls p qr. Foreign til iiia eo almost unsaleable. f Barlere nna l ta red. in beans nominal. Oats in limited request. day as s y n thereth e ------ r ag f l EDINBURGH GRA.IN--FP' 11 i l icb -nar slowß e T h a e heat leysesladle atis Pe'. quarto under last w eelc , :e ii _P. 0 01911004 (hits m slowly, but 6d to Is per quarter adv 7. 1 . 0i er P large supply of wheat, Wriceo. tija. tt a read y sale for fine quslities at J. Oats on tho top 6d 0 0 ' 63 p 0• befor e. t w p as a Berle on the top is 6d P. . • d . o . w. • n . ...... .. • .. a average versg l .: ; a d a - 0 y Os 6d down ....... averag n ° 9 pi 0, Wheat Beans on the top 4s Od up,. ...... ..average v 5 9 3 Ave age Prices. 0 40 Barley . ............. 37s Od I Beans ........ Total Supply and Sales. „ 4 3 010 .............. ass 9d I Oats. ...... .... • ,3 , Wheat ..... -.1705 qrs ........ Sold r ~.2 ( vs 8ar1ey........ 1483 qrs ........ Sold 9 g 2 as Oats .....•• 2951 qrs ........ Sold 18" re 8eane........ 292 qrs ........ Sold is 3 (1 39s Od Flour sells as follows :—Whites, 410 Od ; elL trss' superfine, 3 s 01.,...22?..-'''' ( d• ski , ' ' ' ' 4 ------- log ive to Persons who have been in the habit Well s 9 ~,i St °,,,g borrowers of Sewing Machines will do to , AP . Y., sev i t V, and become members of Messrs. Watts and "'_°,., 011 ~, Machine Clubs. By so doing they will not tooustoe 1;4'4 money they now foolishly throw away, but at . D.:e 1 ,,,it i ' l o , secure to themselves the posseesion of one Of 1 ' t;fefiotp most celebrated sewing machines in the werl.o..essed, . ` A , formation given on application; or by letter ado.r,.. estit':ii, a stamped envelope, to Messrs. Watts and CO A re ' buildings, Strand, London, W.C., where rileili_72. rolled daily between 10 and 4; Saturdays, 10 u ____ ------- --- -- ---. Births. . f COO' Mugs. —On th 7th inst., at Aldershot, the wife ° Akers, ii.E., of a daughter. the BLoasu —On the 15th inst ,at Leeson-street, Dilbliii' Lady Harriet Lynch Bloese, of a 50n..., Less ' MASST.--On the 15th inst., at Newar .11.011 Set ton, Lady Lucy Massy, of a sou. he Wif e °f 1. VANDERST.A.R.-- On the 17th inst., at Bath, th e Vanthirspar, Esq., of a 801 I• Marriages. „ t o'' , Aii s . „ ~, B.A.BNErr—IVEEKs.--n the 18th WO., at D0e,04": anghat-platie, Samuel Bariz tt, Boll',•weekoi S;pa: Weeks eldest daughter of James georli,oviey-gr-- granddaughter of Edward Howorth,Bsq.: •"" Barnet. 0 4 * PO • tiuursTrAN-POOLV.—On the 18th in st st. molls, to London, Francis Christian of BirraingbafilorrinS third daughter of Joseph 'foole, B 9 q , ° square, London. Deaths. p ick 'late r• , Drooic;.laatil CAnituTEtEits.—On the 17th ins.,. at "tiler* Cd•-t dens, Kensingt•in, L eut.-Colonei Carr ot . e f ife , 2d Regt., aged 64. CHRYSTIE —On the 16th lust., at Elio D°366 11 ' John a Chrysti-, Esq. pq ,Of 111113 fr ill d • Coe iugdon Court, Herefordshire, age C H EESE —On the 15th inst., James C6beese, perll otlire, HALL. —On the 16th in t., at BieloY , 0" W. H. Hall, R.N., asged 63. of the JOYNER.— On the 16th inst., Mr. Wt. Joyne r, lore, office, Palt-mall, aged 41. bark ace' ;e re, PvcLbLrEit3Rt.oThOern wthienlia6nlth Gioialets, rautillo,ll..gqe., my. for , fordshire, aged 67. 0.; 1 - P. ------ AND . ' a -------------- - - --g-iDIJIAOffice i' London : Pri.ra;,.3d and rt-Nished py 1 __ so erotio 41 ot No. 112, Strand, Printer, o%.'irroy, . 0 t 1). Strand, ,n the- Precinct of tti ?:1040. Mici'lleaex --Fridby, relproarl IF Pk; KlvAx 4 e ZNY B Sold' e , N A , I 4 ,eat,7l Oh, 8 , ti l qr a e lv ti .M )I;lBatue fi b , „% tit oil The A f4:e. I ' 4l l ), 1 1 , 4 t, P 41 11 , 0 / ' Nj ti tk ti ton q ,,, I Of ,N 0 N,ont rh\ 1 :1 e b. p ip it t IQ4IQ d p kii4kll4 ; r °I i Th e 1 , The 't ree lt e4ry 14, * B. R l‘k„, 11. ti