The Sun. — London, England, 1808-10-28 00:00:00

SPAIN. MADRID, O. 1. MEMORIAL FROM Tilt COUNT DE MONTIJO TO THE It SUPREME JUNTA OF THE GOVERNMENT: `` MO.tT SERENE SIR, • '- . - V. i ' lit'•' ." 'When I benold so many writugs Which pur pose to point out what, ought to be the objet and functions or this Junta, which the general will has t brought. together, the authors of which have,douht t, less the good of their Country at heart, it does not jk • appear to me unbecoming to present this respeet li able Assembly with my opinion on the public ne s cessities e which are urgent ; for, having frotn the beginning had so close and immediate an influence on the events which have prepared our salvation, I am perhaps able to indicate the measures necessary to perfea it. 17' " I deem this certain, that at this - momentevery man who reflects on our actual situation will - agree, teat it is not prudent, but may be prejudicial, to address the public on the greater or less - legality of this Junta and its powers, and whateVer may tend to diminish the respect due to theria, and prejudice the public opinion of them before their salons are seen. On these. points I speak to its individual MeMberS, • not to the public. " When the Spanish Nation, being abandoned by its Government, was reduced to the necessity of un dertaking its own defence, or becoming the slaves of an Usurper, it was obliged to have recourse to . extraordinary means ; and it formed, as it were tu niultously, Juntas to manage its defence. With a moderation:most extraordinary, -not a single public authority was overthrown, nor in any province the form of the Government changed. In some, vio lence was used against those whom it was thought not even threats could induce to concur in the common defence. " The moment that the enemy retired, all the provinces required a concentration of the powers of the Juntas, in order to complete thelreat work of our liberty. At the same time, complaints were heard, fhe justice of which it is not my, province to examine, against some of those Juntas, for having unjustly exercised their powers. This only I know, that it is these sable Juntas which have driven away the French. - " It is my opinion, that the only task imposed upon the Provincial Juntas by the people, was that of their detencei and that, consequently, this is the only function belonging to the Supreme Junta, which cannot enjoy more power than was' possessed by 1115 constituents, nor they - more than was given them . by. the' people ; and' I am of . • opinion also, that it would, be useless - or prejudi .' cia, if the Central Junta had any other concern - than to attend to the common defence. To he busied in forming a new Constitution, while'the enemy occupies even a part of our territory, would be to add to the past agitation, which is not yet appeased, which would necessarily be excited by the dithir ence of opinions and of parties which would be formed. This would occasion dissection in the pro vinces, and distrait our attention from the principal objet which should occupy OUT minds—our com mon defence. " Necessity has always taught men their rights. The principal one which we possess now is, that all should obey one sole Junta, the depositary of the national power, in order that the Generals may pro ceed. with promptitude, and in concert,: to the dis tries where the enemy may be, or where the ne cessaries are to be procured for the subsistence of the army. These are the objects of the Central, Junta, which -ought to be realised with the greater celerity. • " Assembled by the general will '(this is-indubi table), it is authorised to point- out the_ number of_ armies which ought to be mainiaine I, the Generals . • who ought to command each of them, in.chief, -and the number of troops of which they 044 to-con sist. Wherever our soldiers are, they reqtsiec sub sistence : there is, therefore, no inconvenience in the Junta's ordering, in its first session,. that . the army of Catalonia. shoulds be reinforced from points where troops are in greater abundance ; that the armies in the;Cestiles shoUld meet at Soria,- and constituting one body with the army of Galicia, a& under one Geieeral in Chief; and that at Saragossa, and Other similar points, an army of reserve should be formed. These measures, and the nornipation of a Minister of War, and another of Fittaace, , who with zeal and honour may apply the public revenue in the furnishing of provisions, ammunition, and other necessaries for the army, should - be the busi ness of only-two sessions. Another.concern is, the transmission to the armies of the provisions, &c. colleaed for them. - Cannon-balls, tents, and mus kets, are . scarce in the.armies on the Ebi 0. Drugs, such as bark and opium, are likewise wanting. `s After having thus attended to the most urger,. matters, •the Junta may then occupy themselves- in the details of the organization of the armies : these -lutist not be negleCted a moment; for if we bad waited to iatacktbo-enemy till every teeig had been - completely arranged, he would Dow be lit possession • of our capital and provinces. It this be the result of the first sittings of the JunteHif the eeople see that the public force is thus efficaciously applied, there is no doubt that the machinatiensof the enemy will he frustrated, and that the faaious partizans - who may have bad intentions, 'will be reduced to impotence, since the good opinion of the army and .will be in favour of the Government isbut if, on the contrary, there be delay, which, however just its cause may be, the people; Who see' only el-frees, and the malevolent, who seize all oppurtunities, will find in the inasaiyity of the Junta, and in the cla mours of the suffering towns, the means of 61i4ing into discredit, a body, the general respe.e of which interests us so much. " Let not the necessity of combining plans be a pretext for delaying theSe demoristratietis. What- - ever may be said, nothing can be combined at . so . great a distance from the enemy. Within sight of him, or at least near him, the Generals must arrange the means of attack. In . the Capital and Govern anent can be fixed only on what points defenSive, and on what offensive war is to be waged . S . 'and the part which is in general assigned to each army; bet. all therest is the work of the moment, to be settled on the spot. The outlines of operations may some irsess be usefully marked on -a Map by Government, in order fo . shew haw the divisions may assist each other; but the execution generally shews the possibility or inUtility of carrying them into etfea. While the-Junta is determining mmters of ac know•ledged urgency, it may be planning a system of natioual repre,entatiOn, in order to convoke it as smn as e-Apedietit. It will. thus fulfil its most sicred functio!:s, iln.t answer the confidence it lia3 aterited from the public. Fiioiy, it is the love of my country Mime which has impelled me to.- present these ideas, and my sense of the necessity of promptitude in our mea sures, arising from the public exigencies. Should ltiOier considerations prevent their being carried in to etfect, 1 assure your Highness. that my ambition and pretensions are only to serve toy country in posts of the greatest difficulty and danger. Lov ing danger from regard to my country, which under such circumstances demands such sacrificer, I beg of your Highness only to grant me as soon as possible, the command of the vanguard of the army Which is- to act in Navarre, and the Rioja, and that you will at the same time command, that it be com posed of the suitable number of cavalry and infantry, and instruei the Generals to a 1 in concert, and sup port it with the activity which military operations require. I hope, therefore, for the means of conti nuipg my services to my country, which has always been the desire of him who prays to God for th ,prosperity and success of your Highness. " THE:COUNt,DE MONT 110." " Aranjuez, Sept. 25, 18.8," REPLY CF HIS EXCELLENCY THE CAPTAIN-GENERAL OF THE PROVINCE [SEVILLE] AND GOVERNOR OF THIS FORTRESS [CADIZ] TO A DISPATCH FROM THE ROYAL `TRIBUNAL OF THE CONSULSHIP. By your offiCial note of yesterday's-date, I am in formed of your representations io the Supreme Junta concerning the. injury which may arise from their permitting English goods to enter this harbour, and the precautions which you-say should be taken, lest the injury sustained should be greater than the be nfit conferred. As I am, for my part, far from opposing this mea sure, And on the contrary think it very useful, I wish io state the reasons,upon which my opinion is found ed, in order that your superior political and com mercial information may dissipate my errors, and that they may not cause , the injury you apprehend. 'The first objectot the nation, the Junta, , and of every Spaniard, ought to be the formation and sup port of an army capable of resisting the enemy ; and you cannot be ignorant that all the resources hi therto found are not sufficient for this great and first necessity. The donations which were of fered during the first consternation were very li mited even in this city, and hardly sufficient to sup ply the first wants. Since, personal interest At , I ego tism have raised their heads, and the ordinary contri butions are scarcely raised; the necessity increases; the wants of the soldiers are still greater ; there is no money to pay them; and you, who represent a powerful body, appear ignorant of all this, and strive' to shut up a source whence supplies may be furnish ed to the national treasury. Vere this expedient to obtain ready money in other respe&s ruinous, ' I should still think that., with a view to save the country, it ought to be adopted ; as in complicated diseases, the most mor- , tzil and dangerous are attended to, and the others neglected. • , But, you will say, we ought to be careful that in applying a specific remedy to cure the mortal disease, We do not at the same time bring on a slow death by the injury dour to the frame. Every wise physi cian will certainly admit of this. As you have•not beets pleased to state what the evils are which will arise from the'meastire objected to, my little experience in these matters has trot en abled me to find other than the following 1. The commerce of Gibraltar will suffer, since the English vessels will no longer discharge there their cargoes of contraband goods, in order that they may be smuggled thence diretly and along the coasts, throughout all Andalusia. • 2. "'ley who took the charge of these goods, and who, are called smugglers, will-be no longer able to pursue their honest calling, and be forced to take up a musket or a sword. 3. The dependents of the Custom-house will be come less numerous, and will not be so well main tained. 4. Their agents, übderstrappers, and all conne6t ed with this branch of public service, will be in- j ured. 5. Military spirit will decline, from the want of the continual confliets with the smugglers. 6. Fewer slaves will he sent to our Settlements on the coast of Africa, if there be fewer defaulters ; and lawyers will lose a great deal, for want of suits of that-kind, which proves so lucrative to them. . But I will leave the irony which serves to show some of the subordinate advantages of this measure, in order to state the only solid, inconvenience which can arise from it. This is - the.decay of our manufaanris and com merce, in consequence of the introdu6tiOn of Bri tish cottons. Happy. Spain, if this assertion were not illusory ! I verily believe that it can obtain credit but with those who know nothing of the mat ter, and are unable to use their faculty of thinking. Where are those cotton manufaCtories ? At Port St. Mary, and at Avlia, destroyed and shut up, be cause, owing to the high price of the workmanship, the articles are so dear that they snit no class-of 'purchasers. In Catalonia, the trade merely consists in purchasing refuse pieces, as I have witnessed it, in the British . mdnufactories : stamping them with bad wooden stamps; and 'Selling them as national goods, thus draining, with the bad and coarse goods, the specie of other Provinces. And besides, if by admitting British goods, Andalusia obtains an abatt rneta of the duties levied in England upon the ip portatiOn.of her own products, must we lose those zdvantages for the above-mentioned one enjoyedbf Catalonia ? It will be added that the Company of the Philippines will - s'uffer by it. By no means, if it be administered with skill and probity. :Its dire& trade, further favoured by the insignificancy of the duties levied upon it, will prevail over the indired and heavily taxed coannerce of the English in China go. , ds. But although, in consequence of your Lord ships' avocations, you should nut know that the in froduotion of the goody we are speak ng of 1 . 5 gene- 10ti DON ; Printed by P. tc it F(;) r. Is, of No. 4, Marrlett-court, Bow-itteei ; At the S • 61-0 yie-c v No. tt T. Strand ; • where tisrments, Orders • ral, although unlawful ; that the shops all Over An dalusia are stocked with them; and that, besides,' every idle woman goes about the houses to retail them ; do your Lordships shut your eyes,. not to see that your wives, daughters, and even maid-ser 7 . vants, wear nothing else. Nat, that many mendb so, yoUr own Lordships inchided So - that the 01)- pcsition of yOur Lordships-, after all, comes - to this—. that it is an etil, that goods of that kind should not be sintigled in, but lawfully admitted upon paying 'heavy duties. I heartily wish my Yogic may prove "fallacious. As this opportunity offers, and lam addressing voe, I cannot help putting a few questions to, your 'Lordships, with a wish to be enlightened,. and to get certain doubts cleared up, which I cannot' solve by myself. • " t. Although we have no cotton or flax mann faaures to clothe ourselves with, we prohibited the introduction of cottons, most of which belong to the English, and admitted linen-cloths, which more es.- clusjvely belong to the French commerce, why should we not pursue an opposite course now that we are the friends of the former, and the implaca ble enemies of the latter ? " 2. If we exclude cottons, while, under the present circumstances, linen cloths can only be smuggled in ; we and the Americans must clothe ourselves with contraband articles, which pay no du ty, pr go naked. Can there be, in either case, a lawful commerce ? • " 3. Seeing that we have many manufadories of. • woollen cloth, and the best wools in Spain, why do not your Lordships oppose the introduaton of wool len . cloths and yarn, as y o u d o th a t o f co t tons , of which there are scarcely any manufadories ? " 4. In short, why is no objection made against the lawful iutroduaion 9f linen cloths, although the4 - e be, in greater -or smaller number, linen ma nufadories in • every province ? Why are not fo reign wines prohibited, the consumption of which decreases that of.ours ; while porter is excluded, which can never be an equivalent to wine ?" These are the reasons which influenced the'Sni preme Junta and myself to adopt the measure you censure. I could add, the just gratitude we all owe , to a nation which is with so much zeal favouring and supporting us persuaded that the low-minded only receive and do not give. Our judgment may be erroneous, but our intention is pure: For my own part, I have not, nor can have, any other inte rest than that of the nation. This is so s t rong t l ot, it gives me strength to fill a . post I should otherwise be unable to maintain, and which is only not hate.' Tul to me because I believe it enables me to 'be of service. I therefore feel acutely reproaches which may insinuate that I have other views. A Govern ment should not be censured without much previous thought and reflection : stilt IeSS at a moment when - those who do not ad, and have no honest employ, desirous to fix a stain on those who do not imitate themselves, are ready to inflame the public mind.— I have also received many anonymous letters on this business. How will they not increase, 'and bow much more will not the Solornons of the coffee houses declaim, when they find themselves au thorised by your opinion, to whom, with Much reason, they attribute vast knoWledge, prudence, and patriotic zeal. , God preserve you many years. Cadiz, Sept. zi, 1898 TOMAS DE IVIOR LA. To the Prior mid Consuls of the Royal Tribunal of Consulship in this City. SHARPERS.- - While we have to record another serious depredation of this description of robbers, we cannot help expressing our astonishment, at this enlightened day, that men, possessing the leait de gree of common sense, can be deluded by them, when scarcely a week passes , but the newspapers have occurrences of ring and diamond-dropping position s but, on the other hand, the creduti;iii . ; dupes do not appear in the - most honourable light, as they exped to get money in not a very credit able or praiseworthy way. On Tuesday morning, Mr. William Embry, a wealthy farmer, who resides 'at Tannerstidd, near Hereford, arrived in London by the Glouce,ter mail. He put up at the George and Blue Boas Inn, in Hol born. On Wednesday morning, after breakfast, as ! he was 'walking in Holborn, hi s atte n ti on was ' A".l traded bya drove of sheep he stopped to look at them, and while in this ad, a man came alongside' of him and began talking about the sheep ; they con tinued in conversation, and the farmer told him what country he same from ; the' man told him he came from near Hereford, and had served his time to a Grocer in that town ; the farmer, highly pleased, with having met . with a countryman, continued to walk with him for some time, dining which, he ob served the man pick up a small parcel, but took no notiCe-; they at length agreed to go into a public house, near the Foundling Hospital, t d te have some liquor, .and in a short' time the man pulled out the parcel he had picked up, and said he would 'see what it contained; on examination, it purported to be a diamond cross, and - a - receipt for it, amounting to 2351. The old trick was played off of a man following them into the public-house, to whom the business was referred. He was asked if he did not think the name of the person who had puraaseetthe cross was . a French one? he agreed it was so, and as such a 'fair prize, as the French had done us a deal of mis chief ; but advised very much that it should be kept a secret. He likewise gave it as his'opinion, th3t the farmer should have half the value, as he was . in company, which was objetied to by The finder. He, however, at length, agreed to give him,one hundred pounds for his share, but he had not so much about him ; he would therefore deposit the cross with the far Mer, if be would entrust him with a sum of money in his hands till the following day, as he had not the pleasure of knowing him, which the farmer was silly enough to comply with, and aetually gave him' 551. ss. The trick was not discovered till the time arrived for the farmer to receive the handred pounds, and the man did not appear with it.' /pr. . , A Pedestrian, of Newcastle, Set off an Monday from that town, fur Newmarket, to attempt to walk 1000 railer M 20 successive days. ANNI'/RIZS. , :fly OF T E BATTLE OF TRAF.4LGAR. Friday being the Anniversary of the glorious tittle of Trafalk'ar, was celebraktd by a numerous yid respeclable acsomblage of Gent;emen, whq . rnet o dine 'at Mr. it'Am's,...White Hart Inn. tnrtht of the first quality was served up on the-occisi9R , accompanied with every deii.cacy the 'season could per::duce;• and the whole' was Ctanaducied in a style Of elegance and regularity highly cretlitable to the 'house. The dining-room was ornamented with tfid Union Col Ours, and also with emblematical trans' parent painring-, by that' admirable artist Mr - MA,*" LAURIN, and in his very best style. 'ln one.F 7 ,o ls te was represented ; itt her tight hand watt Inspendefi a medallion encircled with a wreath of laurel, an Coneaining a striking likene4 of Lor.l Net,wNA :- trumpet occupied her left hand; which she was-r -presented sounding, and the word "Trafalgar" issu ing out of it; she appeared in the ad of Acending to Heaven ; at her feet the adverse Fleets in close anion. Another represented the ocean strewed with French and Spanish- Ensigns, and Neptune., lit his coral shell, drawn by sea horses; they appeared trampling the colours beneath their feet. In right hand he ;held a trident, surmounted with tLt British Flag, and in his left Britannia's shield; lwar his head the last signal the gallant .IVdinizaa evor hoisted, " England expels that every 111311 win ei*' his duty."—Mr. KEMBLE was Called to the Chair by the unanimous voice of company, and 'dal moment the cloth was drawn, delivered an Eutb gium on Lord NELSON, to the following etfeCt.: GENI.LEMf The importance of - Greenock as a commercial and sea red . town hat been long since felt and acknowledged throughoute the British Empire, and it rejoices me to see so many of ' worthy and respectable inhabitantS assembled to coname' : morittez Naval Vie:tory, achieved by British courage, and t proudest that ever yet adorned the page of history. Accus tomed as 1 am to speak in public, I feel on this • occasion 4 11 timidity I know holt how to accoant for, unless it be that I am about to deliver my sentiments and feelings upon.a Cha rader, assuredly not a .fidtitious one, engendered by a teCl/1' 4p g imagination, but one who performed all that ;idiot' ..S.t imagination have asc•ibed to their most daring Heroes. Whilst the enemies of Great Britain were bearing befog them on land the downfall of her hopes, and the ciesolatittot of hia Allies; whilst Flanders, Holland, Spain, Austriss Sarvlinia, Naples, Switzerland, and the Germanic EinpiAl were ,inking in succession before the uplifted arms of It evii'• lutionary France, the security which we vainly sought f0r. 032 the solid earth, was afforded to us by the uncertain sell; an element, which. though .proverbially false to the fir' man race.at . large, has been to us a bulwark of salvation* and a tide of Only: for, as the waves have divested thean selves of their terrors, they have entered into an alliance protection witri• us ; and British Honour, like attot her Venice., has risen smiling from the billaws ofthe Atiantic.--Britoofa , you owe much of this to one who was bred from early you t ll in your service. His attachment to his native country 4 . the noble profession which protedts .us, grew with -1 11 growth, and strengthened with his strength. Animated Ley this generous impulse,. the gulphs of, the yawning deep wer e • - to him the flowery paths of greatness ; and when he defeat the fury of the elements,, could he dread the thunder 0f the foe ? Who was it, at Copenhagen, that prostrated air - warlike Dane beneath the British Ensign I—NELSON. Wl5 was it, at the Nile, that defeated the hostile Fleets and se cured your tottering Possessions in the East ?—INJ st sor; Who was it that, off Cape Trafalgar, by a promptitude °t: decision and novelty of enterprise that astonished the oldest seaman, attacked and - annihilated the Combined I'deet .France and Spain?--Why NELSO,N, immortal NELseN Friends, Britons, Brothers, you all know what lie had suai'r ect in your cause, previous to this l as t a dti on . The 1051.°t art Arm, an eye,,and var i ous other w0uruir....12,0-I.o4air l i „, to hint almost an ins u pp orta bl e b urtiien. S uch a lit;' de - served a death of honour, and kind Providence ordained his' undaunted soul should be upborne to Heaven -on ,the wings of G4ory, in the very momet of Triumph and V t ldory! and that his remains should beernbalmed by the -tears SM grateful Nation:— that Time, - at whom Nature shudders with dismay-, Before whose scythe whateer of human skill, Though mountain strong, fast mouldert to decay, Dependent on the T) rant's ruthless will Time may destroy the mansions of the deal,. • The rushing course of raging oceans turn; • Awl yon grand Planet's last convulsive red, consuming Time to squalid aslieslourn4 h i, So thn lov'd relics of the marbled urn, _ By Time divested of its mantling stones, The Peasant's rude uututor'd heel may spurn, 4nd play at loggets with a NELSON'S bones. • But thou, Great NELSON, to thy country lost,, , Thy glory shall survive his fading frame ; And last till Time, in dying spasms tost, - Restore to Heaven thy still enduring fame. The . above Eulogy. was rec e i ve d •with „rag ' s Many loyal and patriotic songs aril werwgiven, and the company continued til l , 1 , la,- hour ogether enjoying th e f eas t o f reason , 014 " '— flow of soul i fully sensible of the blessings they c 7; perience under the mild auspices -of the ,best Kings, and a. Constitution the admiration of t-1 1 % world.—(Greenack Advertiser, 061 - . 24.) SHIP A'E If'S. CRA.ViSEND, OCTOafili 26. Passed by—the .13ritanzia, Lamb, from Quebec.; T 1 Bl' Brown, from Surinam ; Lark, Hawkins, from List7on4 tu" • • the Anna,Maria, alooinficid t from Nialaga• w ee< Sailed--the Wiliingrrui(i, •Wardell, for • Oputtal; > v a ..: Wilson, for Gibraltar ; anq . :the C:;ttcombe, fox., for bun. 81R7:b16 OnWecinesday morning, :i t the Sicw)y, the Lady of Cdr''' tain 1-1, W. RGoke, or th e id R eg i ment of tu " s 4 l, tus, vt twl Yesterday, at his house in Oucheri-street, .ttic 1..a4 • Thomas 'Hope, Esq. of .a Son. MARRIED. rgit..l2. 4:f Bank Stock, 235 Navy c per teut 99# Irish -5 per Ct:nr. pp eht ?1 ),;.• ,LCII t 66 3 ptriKerit Con.' 66 1 I)ai9c 3.46i1is rid vuhllstiezl by WI Luau A-R AI:GER Sc R !‘itoltnn.strret, G rw , trner- square; for the i'aper, I etteis fur tlic (-Awl-paid) must be ad•irk%srtd. . . )n Tues , lay, at East Ham, Charles Saver, Esq. at Tireo l street, to Miss Greenhill, daugliar of William Green:o o/ .E:q. of Plashet.House, Last Hain. l'll&' same day, at Lo%yestolf, Suffolk, the Rev. Thorr g : 1-1 Ms; Of Braddon; Northanivt,ushire; to Caronne, se , '''. da ighter of .the late Rev. Dr. M a rri ott , o f C ote sbawh,. I-e l ' . . , _ ce 'N t ' e e r s s te ti ri i c ic ay . i at Hackney Church, by - t h e R ev. Ge-" e • Chamherlaine, Captain Hopkins, of th e ad i.if e G. uar d, '''„ Miss e; hainberlaine, daughter. of the late George Chaiinler- Line, Esq. of Devonshire- 1)14,e. __ ~.. ~ ~ RDAY, India Stock, 179 India bowls, 4S. 5 5 ' P r. Exchequer 8s• (Thlium, i I (116. Imperial 3 p,r Coot. Coo Li. tor zstli Nov. 67i- (; W A 'l' Lt 4. 1' L(!NI))1 TO..NlO?' kOkV. tviiming, 4 min. after to: AltertloQn, 33 min. artor I" ~fi 4' 4;