The Sun. — London, England, 1864-10-13 00:00:00

HEATRE ROYAL, DRURY- LANE. — Managers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. EVENING, AN APRIL FOOL. Mr. It Roxby, G. Belmore, Mr. Fitzjames, Mr. G. Weston, and Miss ud.speth. After which, at a quarter to 'Eight o'Cock, Shaksnere's Play of HENRY THE FOURTH (First Part). Mr. Cres wick ; N.tessrs.‘% alter La y, H. Mars on, Barrett, G. Belmore, G. F Neville, E. Phelps, R. Roxby, R. Raynor, ezc. ; Niss Het =n Howar ', Miss Fanny Haldane (Harp ob.igato to song Mr. F. Chatterton), Mrs. H. Vandenhoff, Sze. Doors open at ha f-past Six—Commence at Seven. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET._ Lessee. Mr. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, MADEMOISELLE DE BELLE ISLE. Messrs, Howe, Farren, Gordon, Baird, &c. , Mesdames Beatrice, Ange', &c. After which, PRESENTED AT COURT. Messrs. Buck stone, Howe, W. Farren, Rogers, Clark, Bra' d, &c. ; Mes dames Snowdon, Griffith, Hi 1, Wright, Lovell, &c. And '3ACCHUS AND ARIADNE. To commence at 7. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the sole management of Mr. Fechter. This Theatre will OPEN on SATURDAY. October 22, with a New Drama, entitled the KING'S BUT LERFLY, In which Mr. Fechter will perform the principal character, The Scenery painted by Mr. William Callcott. The Box-office will open on Monday, October 17, from ElLv.n till Four. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining. THIS EVENING, BORN TO GOOD LUCK.. I addy O'Rafferty, Mr. Dominick Murray. After which, THE STREETS OF LONDON. Messrs. Vluing, J. W. Ray, D. Fi her, D. Murray, J. Nelson, H. Forrester. H. Mellon ; Mrs. Henry Marston, Miss Emma Barnett, and Miss Fanny Gwynne. NEW THEATRE-RO SrAL, ADELPHI. — Solo Proprietor and Manager. Mr. B. Webster. TL IS EVENING, GOOD FOR NOTHING. Messrs. J. Clarke: Billington, Eburne, and Mrs. Alfred Mellon. After which, RORY O'MORE. Rory (with Irish Ballads), Mr. John Collins. Other characters by Messrs. Billington, R. Phillips, Paul Bedford, Stuart, Stephenson, C. J. Smith ; Mrs. Alfred iitellon and Miss Kate Kelly. To conclude w ith TEDDY THE TILER. Teddy (with songs), Ur. John Collins. Commence at 7. -ROYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. Manager, Mr. Benjamin Webster. EMINENT TALENT AND COMEDY. This popular Theatre is Open for the Winter Season. Those celebrated artistes Mr. and Mrs. C. Mathews are re-engaged. EVENING, Mr. Arthur Sketchley's highly successful and original Comedy of HOW WILL THEY GET OUT OF IT ? Mr. and Mrs. Charles Mathews, Mr. and Mrs. F. Matthews, Mr. F. Robinson, Mr. H, J. Montague; Miss Wentworth, and Mrs. Stirling, Alter which, a New Comedy Farce, by Maddison Morton, Esq., entitled WOOD• OCK'S LITTLE GAME. Mr. C. Mathews, Mrs. F. Matthews. To conclude with UNDER THE ROSE. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manageress, Mrs. Swanborough. EVENING, .TNLIMITED CONFIDENCE. Followed by, at Eight, MILKY WHITE. Messrs. Craven, Stoyle, James ; Mesdames Swanborough and Manders. Atter which, the great Burlesque, THE MILLER AND HIS MEN. Messrs. Fenton, James, and Thorne ; Mesdames swanborough, Simpson. Johnstone, Hughes, and Carson. MOSES AND 'SON E• respectfully call attention to their large and well assorted stock of JUVENILE CLOTHING. The newest tworics are combined with the latest and most fashionable designs, and the best workmanship. E. MOSES and SON give particular attention to this important branch of their business, and they can with confidence affirm that the prices Are such as must satisfy the most economical. Tnis depart ment Is in a distinct part of the premises, which will be found a great convenience for ladies and children, MO'SES AND SON ~j. respectfully invite public attention to their large and well-assorted AUTUMN AND WINTER STOCK. MOSES AND SON'S iiA• "SANDRINGHAM" WRAPPER juLroduced by them) is the newest and most fashionable style of Overcoats for the season. f~MOSES AND SON'S • READY-MADE and BESPOKE CLOTHING for all classes and all ages. MOSES AND SON'S . CELEBRATED "INDISPENSABLE" SUIT, from 30s. IEMOSES AND SON'S • HOSIERY and DRAPERY, tor all classes and all ages. EMOSES AND SON'S • HATS AND CAPS, for all c asses and all ages. ~MOSES AND SON'S • BOOTS and SIIOES, for all classes and all ages. E • MOSES AND SON'S OUTFIIS, for all classes, all ages, and all climates. E• MOSES AND SON'S LONDON HOUSES, 154, 155, 15C, 157, Minories ; 83, 81, 85, 86, 87, BP, 89, Aldgate; 506, 507, 508, New Oxford—street ; 1,2, 3, rlart-En re. t ; 137, 138, Tottenham-court-road ; 288, Euston-road EMOSES AND SON'S • COUNTRY ESTABLISHMENT, Bridge-street, Bradford, Yorkshire. T MOSES AND SON'S iial • Establishments are closed eve-y Friday evening at 01.1Utiet until Saturday evening at sunset, when business is re sumed until it o'clock. A.'l articles are marked the lowest prices in plain figures. Ally article not appr,ved of will be exehanged, or the money returned. List of Prices with Rules for Self-measurement, Fashion Card, and our new pamphlet, "The Tercentenary; or, The Three Hundredth Birthday of William Sha.kspeare," gratis and post free. COALS. —The LILLESHALL COMPANY'S COALS. Direct from their own Collieries. Marquis'. 255. per ton. I Double ..215. per ton. Top 245. „ Detp —224. „ Well screened and delivered within five miles of their De pots, Westbourne Park-road, VT., and 17, South Wharf, Paddington, W., and Maiden-lane, N. Best Coke lss. per chaldron. Terms cash. JOHN SCOTT, Sole Agent YIIHE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," 1 Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, Dan be had Every Evening of G. R. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN" supplied, as soon as published every Evening by lIENTLY BROOKS, Newspaper Agent, 21, Old Cavendish street, W. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. MIS DAY.—Morning, h. m.—Afternoon, 12h. 20m. .Co-moßßow.-Morning, 12h. 46m.—Afternoon, lh. 10m. . e iroM7? - 115 7 A lti y. t r t i JP. S I N P/ PIIIPSOLII4, nu. LONDON, THURSDAY, OCT. 13, 1864. A speech from Mr. GLADSTONE is certain at any time to attract a large share of public attention, and to be pretty generally welcomed at this dull season as a theme worthy of attention and regard. A master of oratory, such as the right hon. gentle man undoubtedly is, is sure to render any question for the time being interesting and instructive. We here meet him, however, not in the sterile arena of politics, or the dry details of finance, but in the more genial atmosphere of a public meeting, and surrounded by an admiring audience, who eagerly welcomed him to their neighbourhood. The right boo. gentleman's discourse was long, but it was listened to throughout with eager attention, and at its conclusion he was warmly applauded. He dis claimed, in a very proper spirit, any individual _claim on his own part to a particular share of merit in having brought about the happy results which they that day witnessed. The pioneers in the cause of useful legislation deserved the first recognition, and he brought to the work a secondary part to prform. This sounded, of course, very well, but no one present must have looked upon it as other than a figure of speech when he talked of "secon dary abilities." The change that has taken place in the relation of classes was happily commented upon by the orator in this expressive passage : " We have seen mistrust and alienation gradually fading away like mists before the rising sun, and we have seen throughout all parts of the country, and throughout all classes of the community, senti ments of mutual confidence, respect, and Esteem t a king the place of that a liL a • Wm and estrange ment." Very effective, also, was the manner in which Mr. GLADSTONE touched upon the eact of many of the changes that have been brought about of late years among us, and which threatened at first to become instruments of strife and discord, E Meting at last but a partial good, and producti ve of At least t vat harm. He sa id that all the modern changes and improvements had really worked out their end without producing disastrous conse quences, and that they had warmed the heart of the nation in increasing its wealth. Accordingly, such Acts of Parliament roust not be regarded only in the light of the formal manner in which they take their place in the Statute-book, but they bear a deeper and a far wider significance. They should be looked upon "as angels of mercy, ministers of peace, and restorers of union through every part and corner of the land." Times are changed, indeed, when we thus find a leading statesman, an important member of Parliament, and an ir,fluential Minister of State deliberately ascribing the bene ficial influences at work among the community to the good sense and improved temper of the people, and when be considers it a better result of the tactics of hie party that they do not excite the wrath of his opponents than that they have been carried triumphantly through an opposing Senate, and been ordained as the leaders of the land. The days are not so very distant when no politician of repute ever thought of appearing in public without doing his utmost to scatter opprobrium and clever ridicule upon his adversaries, be they good, bad, or indifferent. In fact, it was the secret of success to damage the opposing party more than to exalt one's own. In the Chancellor of the Exchequer's discourse we find a comprehensive view taken of public, party, and social questions which is worthy of his high position and great influence, and does honour to his discernment and good taste. Of course, so eminent a scholar would appreciate the efforts made to establish institutes and such refining and elevating establishments amid a busy and bustling race, cons sumed by toil and traffic, and living in the ceaseless din and turmoil of active life and stupendous engagements in mighty undertakings. He observed that he had regarded with satisfaction the growth of such institutions among them, " all of which are a testimony to the great truth that man does not live by bread alone—that he has a mind, a rational and immortal part—that he is born for the future more than for the present, and that all real im provement which takes place among us is invari ably attended with this condition—it looks forward to and prepares to meet the future." If such an effect is the end of these works they can seek no better consummation and aspire to no holier issue. It is the chief drawback to manufacturing engage ments and commercial pursuits that they have a tendency to give the material the ascendancy in the minds and thoughts of men. Let us eat and drink, for to-morrow we die, has been the secret maxim, if not the acknowledged prac tice, of many an envied millionaire and successful speculator, and the sentiment in a lesser degree is shared by the smaller ones around them. All that tends to interpose a chock upon such grovelling notions should be welcomed, and a man of thought and experience like the CHAN CELLOR of the EXCHEQUER must be among the first to acknowledge the fatal error that the acquisition of wealth, the increase of commerce, and the pro sperity of trade are to be welcomed as the objects of life, to the neglect of all better, brighter aims— all upward, nobler tendencies. The people of Lane cashire deserve great credit for the zeal which they have ever and anon displayed in the fostering and nurture of their literary institutions, and they have reaped their reward in the thought that they have felt in their hour of need to meet trials with the fortitude that befits men, and the faith that be comes Christians. Mr. GLADSTONE truly said that they had shown during winters of extreme affliction that they need no preaching from extraneous per sona to tell them how to act, and to comport them selves in difficulties. The right hon. gentleman alluded to the improved prospects which now dawned upon them in respect to cotton, because the other countries of the world were found to be cap able of supplying, in some measure at least, the deficiencies caused by the stoppage of trade with America. The right hon. gentleman expressed his earnest hope and well-grounded conviction that the present evils were temporary, thOugh extremely severe, and that the time was not so very far off, when they should see " the vast and gigantic sys tem of enterprise :on which the fortunes of South Lancashire principally depend again restored to the whole extent of its former operations, with a cer tainty and stability which, in the former circum stancee, it never would have been able to attain." There was great moderation manifested in the tone which Mr. GLADSTONE adopted in discoursing on public affairs and the conduct of those who took charge of them. He fearlessly admitted that ex. cellence was difficult to attain, and perfection im possible in such high requirements. " The concerns of this vast empire are so mighty, and of so compli cated a character, that to handle them as they ought to be handled, altogether exceeds and transcends human strength." There is more real dignity in thus acknowledging one's deficiencies than in parading supposed successes and lauding one's self and one's colleagues to the uttermost. Mr. GLADSTONE briefly touched upon the Legis lature as a body, and declared that it for the most part reflected the temper of the nation, and represented its opinions. After a hard day's work people get tired, and thus be considered Parliament had earned a right to rest after the many useful acts passed of late years. The right hon. gentleman concluded by expressing a hope that never again should we witness such a period as that which distinguished the reign of WILLIAM IV.—the crisis of the Reform Bill—but that other improvements might be as successfully carried in a milder form, and in a comprehensive spirit of unity. It must be admitted that Mr. GLADSTONE has made a very happy choice of his subjects, and that he has contrived, in the limits of an ordinary discourse, to treat upon the most excit ing objects of interest and importance to those around him. Doubtless in future days those who listened to his flowery discourse will recognise the truth of many of his prophetic utterances, and acknowledge th a t pu b l i c a f f airs are not so as some would a ffi rm ,depressing when they come under the consideration of a master mind. It was only to be expected that the news from Lancashire should show a less favourable aspect as the season advanced, and the Central Relief Committee, with the prudence that has distin guished their operations throughout, took care some time since to caution the public that a tem porary increase of distress was probable. The rise in the number of unemployed, and the falling of from full time to short time, in many quarters, is due, however, in a great measure, to other reasons than the approach of winter. It is true that the harvest operations have hitherto offered a resource to a good many of the enforced idlers, and that these are now concluded ; but the fluctuations of trade have more to do with the increased distress than either the conclusion of haymaking, or even the lack of cotton. The condition of the money market has, it is said, been partly the cause of the number of closed mills ; and other commercial reasons, including, of coarse, deficient supply of the raw material, have contributed to check the tide of returning prosperity. At the same time there is no ground for panic, nor, indeed, fcr any very serious anxiety, since the present state of affairs is not likely to be more than temporary, and is only what has been foreseen from the co mencement of the better times. Then will be many such varies tions before the stream flows on as of old ; there will be ebb and flow, prosperity and adversity, in quick succession ; but so long as there is the prospect of a fair and increasing supply of cotton from sources wholly independent of the American war there is no ground for public un easiness. In the meantime the question is how to deal with the present pressure, and the Central Committee as usual are prompt in action. At their monthly meeting held in Manchester on Monday last it was decided that they should assemble weekly for the next fortnight, so as to act with the caution necessary under existing circumstances. The comparative smallness of the balance in hand renders it desirable to husband their means with a view to the passible exigencies of the coming winter, and accordingly at the two meetings of the Executive and of the General Committees held on Monday, various schemes were proposed with this end. The Executive Committee have good right to take credit to themselves for the prudent distribu tion of the funds entrusted to their care, for, as they justly remark in their report, the balance now in hand would not exist if they had not striven to enforce as much economy as appeared consistent with the wellbeing of the people. The precautions hitherto observed are now again enforced, and the Executive Committee especially recommend " that an increase should take place in the number of face tory operatives employed on public works, and that a larger proportion of the unemployed hitherto should receive relief from the Boards of Guardians or from local subscriptions." They further advise the separate action in all cases of the Boards of Guardians and of the District Committees. With regard to the Public Works Act, the state of affairs now brought to light is not altogether satisfactory. Some unforeseen and un necessary difficulties seem to lie in the way, and the result is that although large sums are raised and extensive works carried on those for whom the Act was especially intended do not get a fair share of its benefits. Thus in Manchester, where there are aboat 9,000 people out of employment, only 155 cotton operatives are now employed on the public works, although £85,000 have been received from the Commissioners, The Mayor complains that great difficulty has been experienced in getting from the guardians as many men as they required, and further stated that the guardians were in the habit of making periodical returns of the number of persons who were fit for employment on public works, and that at the close of September there was a total of 65, most of whom had niece been absorbed. But the standard of efficiency must be very rigid if so small a proportion of 9,000 are certified, and we cannot help thinking that such a result does not at all meet the intentions of Parliament, or the neces sities of the population. Even in Blackburn, where the number employed is much larger, only 340 fac tory operatives are employed to 500 labourers. It appears to be a miracle to carry out these works by contract, since the contractors naturally prefer to get the best men they can for the money, so as to get the work done well and quickly. if the object is to give the unemployed operatives remunerative occupation, and so relieve the rates, it is by no means the best way to attain it to employ ordinary contractors as agents. The proportion of able-bodied men to the whole number of factory operatives may very probably be much smaller than is generally supposed, but the best does not seem to be made of the matter. The public will be inclined to echo Lord EGER TON'S remark, that "he never imagined it was necessary that men should be sent by the guar dians before they could come under the Public Works Act, and that if it were so, he hoped steps would be taken to extend its benefits to others!. The less of a double agency there is the better, and the local jealousies which are apt to exist between two authorities are better avoided, as far as possible. It would be very desirable to stretch the Act a little further, and to be a little less rigid in the ex clusion of those who do not quite come up to the recognised standard. The High Sheriff, Sir J. KAY SFIUTTLEWORTH, remarked upon the necess sity which existed for increased efforts on the part of the local authorities in this matter. He said very justly that the pressure, which was likely to occur during the winter months, ought to be met by increased exertions in placing factory operatives on public works. It is not fair those districts which are profiting by the Act to raise money and carry out lasting improvements in their vicinity to neglect those to assist whom the Act was specially passed, and to leave them to depend upon the diminished resources of the Relief Fund. An in. crease of 12,000 in the recipients of relief demands some corresponding ewers tion, and this is so plain and practical a way of affording assistance that there is no excuse for not carrying it out to the fullest possible extent. It is also very wise on the part of the Committee to insist upon a fair share of relief being given by the guardians, so that the two sources of aid may be kept apart. If the Relief Fund is to be called upon to supplement the allowance of the guardians its stores will soon be exhausted , whereas, on the other hand, if the relief administered is to be only at the rate of ls. or ls. 3J. per head a week, there is good cause to apprehend disease and famine. We are glad to find that previous to the resolution passed by the Committee on Monday, the Blackburn guar dians had nearly doubled their rate of relief, and the determination of the Committee not to make grants to any town, unless the parochial relief averages 2s. a head, is likely to induce other dis tricts to follow their example. It would be very shortsighted kindness to the ratepayers were the Committee to expend all the sum they have in hand, and leave themselves without the power of mitigating future pressure. There is little doubt that, if need be, further subscriptions will be promptly forthcoming, but there is every reason for preserving a cheerful and hopeful spirit, since the crisis is but of a temporary character. Not only have we the past to look back upon with wonder and thankfulness, but we have every ground for anticipating the constant, if gradual, increase in our supply of cotton which has already, indepen dently of American sources, been augmented to an amount which most persons would have deemed scarcely credible some two years since, THE NEW REGISTRAR IN BANKRuPTcY.--The Lord Chancellor has appointed Mr. James Stephen. of the Middle Temple, barrister-at-law, to be a registrar of the Court of Bankruptcy for the Leeds district, in the room of Mr S trona Payn^, who retires on account of ago and inurmil y, after a service of upwards of twenty years, Mr Stephen was called to the bar in 1846, has obtained the degree of LL. U., is Professor of English Law and Jurispru dence at King's College, and is also Recorder of Poole. TUE QUEEN'S HoßsEs.—lt will be thought very naturally that the finest stud of all classes of horses is to be found in the Queen's stables. And probably in the days of Gorge IV. this was the case, hut at present the Sovereign's tastes do not include horseflesh. Probably the influence of Prince Albert had a great deal to do with the neglect into which the royal stables had fallen. His royal highness neither knew nor c tred anything about horse flesh, and the consequence is that at the present momeni there is scarcely a horse in the Buckingham Palace stables that can be considered first rate, and many of them are shocking jades. The public had an opportunity of witness ing the second rate character of the animals sent to conve), the Princess Alexandra into London—animals that our leading nobility would not have in their stables. The riding horses are of a more inferior nature still ; with out exception, those used by the Prince of Wales.—Once a THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 13, 1864. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. [REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.] ALGERIA. PARIS, OCT. 13. An official report has been received from Gene ral Folivet, describing a gallant engagement which, took place on Sept. 29th and 30th, between his column of troops and a very numerous body of the Arab insurgents. The loss of the latter was 400 killed and 400 wounded. That of the French is estimated at 80 killed and 27 wounded. FRANCE. BOURSE, Oct. 12.—The market has been heavy, and prices have declined. Threes, for the Account, are now at 65f. 300. Mobilier has also receded, and have been as low as 892 f. 50e. lt%ilway Shares rather offered. The market closed as follows : 41 per Cents. 92 20 Do. end month 3 per Cents Do. end month 65 15 Credit Mobilier BB2 50 Do. end month BBO Bank Shares — Credit Foncier ll7O Roman 7l Italian Loan Do. end month 65 15 Ditto Threes .. -- New Mexican 50 25 Russian Austrian .. Spanish Threes — From° Debt Deferred BAIL WAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans 0000000 1 ...&•••• 835 .. 835 -- Northern 9BO .. 977 50 Lyons and Mediterranean 885 .. 890 Southern 605 60:5 Western Eastern .... Sardinian Austrian Lombard North of Spain Saragossa.. 470 .. 467 50 Ditto to Barcelona 200 _ The Franco-Italian Convention. VIENNA, OCt. 9. A despatch dated the 4th inst., forwarded by M. Drouyn de Lhuys to the Duke de Grammont, the French Ambassador at the Austrian Court, is said to have been communicated a few days ago to Count Rechberg. The despatch contains the official notification of the Convention lately concluded between France and Italy, and is believed to be to the following effect : M. Drouyn de Lhuys very courteously, but also very briefly, states that no necessity exists to for ward a special notification of the conctusion of the Convention to foreign Powers. Irritability upon the part of the Cabinet of Vienna at the proceedings of the FrenchGovernmentisthe less to be pre-supposed, as such a feeling between two friendly Cabinets only appear intelligible when the course pursued by one affects any interest of the other. The text of the Convention has now been published, from which it is apparent that no Austrian interest is affected thereby. The French Cabinet would rather hope that upon closer examination of the text of the Convention the Austrian Government would be of opiaion that the step thus inaugurated by France deserved the thanks of Austria and of the whole of Europe, being mainly calculated to set aside an ob stacle by which European peace is permanently and seriously threatened, and by this means to lighten the heavy burdens weighiwg upon all the great Powers. The Alleged Wreck of Her Majesty's Ship Bulldog• (From the Western liforning News,) The arrival of news of the wreck of the Bulldog, first made public in the second edition of the TVestern Morning News of yesterday, has caused great pain and anxiety in this neighbourhood, where relatives and friends of several of the vessel's officers and crew reside. A letter arrived at Plymouth by the West India mail announced the total wreck of the vessel and loss of all her crew, with the exception of seven persons. The letter was writ cen in a hurried manner from the deck of the Duncan, flag-ship at Halifax, just in time to save the mail. It gives nc further particulars. A variety of rumours are in circulation relative to the credibility of this loss of the crew or of the vessel. The following is a statement cf all the facts at present known :—The letter referred to above was written by a ship's steward who was sent out from Plymouth as a supernumerary in the Bulldog to join another ship on the North America and West India station, and is addressed to his father. It is headed " H.M.S. Duncan, Halifax, Sept. 29," and the following paragraph is extracted in which the writer most explicitly stated the wreck and loss of life. "ye thought the mail bags would not close till to-morrow, but they are going to close them in ten minutes. I was transferred from the Bulldog to the Galatea in Bermuda for passage here, and very lucky I may think myself, for she is wrecked, and all except seven perished. If she had been an hour later going into Bermuda, I should have remained in her; for the Galatea was under weigh when we came in; but, however, I thank God I was not allowed to remain in her to share the fate of the poor unfortunate crew." Another letter from the Duncan, brought by this mail, to a certain extent confirms the loss of the Bulldog, while at the same time it throws a doubt on the loss of the crew. The writer, a quartermaster, named Withecombe, was drafted from the Canopus, receiving ship at Devon port, on board the Bulldog. He writes to his mother. The letter is dated H.M,S. Duncan, Sept. 23. In it the writer says—" We arrived at Ber muda forty-three days from Plymouth. At Bermuda see found the yellow fever raging violently and were consequently taken out at once, and sent in the Gala tea to Halifax. We left the Delight screw gunboat, which we had brought out at Bermuda. I expect that you have heard that the Bulldog has been con the stumps,' but don't be alarmed, we are all safe. We are anxiously awaiting for the arrival of the gunboats Steady and Cygnet, which we expect to be drafted into." A theory has been suggested that this writer refers to the crew of the Bulldog being taken out of her and sent on to Halifax, but this ie improbable, and, indeed, is known to be erroneous. as a letter has been received by the wife of an officer in Plymouth, dated Sept. 9 (four days after the arrival) at sea under orders for Jamaica. Another solution of the writer's meaning suggested is that an accident has heppened to the vessel, but that all the crew are saved. The probability of this suggestion depends upon whether the writer was one of the crew of the Bulldog, or went out as a supernumerary. The latter appears to be most pro bable, as he speaks of being drafted to gunboats--a circumstance which could not happen immediately in the case of the crew of the Bulldog whether she were wrecked or not. If, therefore, he was a super numerary, the question arises whether, in his saying " we are all safe," he does not refer to the supernu meraries, and takes the same view of having had a narrow escape, which he is desirous of communicat ing to his friends, as does the ship's steward. In that case the second letter would fully corroborate the first. A naval officer in Devonport has received a letter from the Duncan by this mail, in which no mention is made of the loss of the Bulldog. THE NEW ROUTE THROUGH ST. SAMES'S•PARIi. —The new road from the Houses of Parliament to Buckingham palace, along the Birdcage-walk now in course of formation under the direction of the Commissioners of Woods and Forrests, is advancing rapidly towards comple tion. The portion set apart for a carriage thoroughfare, to be added to the old causeway, is already finished, and on Monday last as as rendered accessible to the pfu-sage of vehicles. The other alley, under the shade of the trees, re served for the use of equestrians, is iu a very forward state of preparation. The stonework fa. the fixing of the iron fence is laid throughout the length of the route, and a con siderable extent of sails has been placed in position. A DISGUSTING Eximmos.—At the Peterbfield fair on Thursday was offered for public eshihition a being in human shape, of stature tall and stout, wearing only the semi-savage garb around his middle, and encircled by a leather belt, styled an American Indian and "vermin killer." A sort of box was then brought forward (locked) containing live rats, upon which the cannibal-like counte nancet till the in e dozen l'h w m of the "vermi n ki ller " b r i g htened up with excited delight, and up on th e li d being ra i se d ho seized the rat in his hand, and, pl ac i ng i ts head b etween his teeth, with a sickening crash of th e skull, instantly kill e d it, and d e v oure d h repeated eatapials fromeious t o h m e aC lo h t, of th t e h r e eb b y ru pu te t „ ti l n e g avi i n n g to o th nl e y s t h h a r d ee or ewhol hr) the exploits . of d og Billy, and eclipsing the w id e-spread whole ut e a a s s stowed scen away in the fourscene was as fame of the Kilk enny cats, should th i s b e allowed F— AS r y ost 4n prc( t t teo in throughout little hou over a minute. The History of Darien. Terra Firma, or the mainland of New Granada, was discovered by Columbus in 1498, and he visited Chagres and Navy Bay on the 2d of November, 1502, on his fourth voyage. Six years afterwards King Ferdinand commis sioned Don Alonzo de Ojeda and Don Diego de Nicuesa to make discoveries and conquests in Terra Firma, giving to the former jurisdiction over the country from the Gulf of Uraba, or Darien, eastward to Cape de la Vela, and assign ing to the latter the Government over the country from the Gulf of Darien westward to Cape Graciasa Dios. A dispute which arose between them as to the boundary line of their respective provinces was referred to the pilot, Juan de la Cosa, by whom it was arranged that the River Atrato should form the boundary. Alonzo do Ojeda went to Car thagena and Turbaco, and was killed by the Indians. Nicuesa went to Veraguas, where he was vigorously opposed by the Indians, and thence proceeded to Nombre de Dios, between Portobello and Cape San Blas. One of the vessels of Nicuesa's small squadron was commanded by the licen • tiate or bachelor-in .lawe, Enciso, who sailed from the city of S :nto Domingo, en the OZACTIO, in 1509, and proceeded to the Gulf of Darien. Previ ,us to his sailing, a young but penniless cavallero, named Vasco Nunez do Bilbao, was smuggled on board, concealed in an empty wine cask. To this stratagem he was obliged to have recourse in order to get a passage, in consequence of the great animosity borne to him by Enciso, whose rival he was in the affections of La Zenorita Teresa Davila, by whose father he was beheaded a few years afterwards. Upon discovering him a few days after sailing Enciso ordered him to be killed, but the crew, with whom Vasco Nunez was a favourite, refused to obey his order. Meeting with unexpected difficulties and obsta cles in the Gulf of Darien, he consented to take the advice of Vasco, in accordance with which he selected a place on the west side of the Atrato mouth for the site of a town, to which was given the name of Santa Maria el Antigua del Darien. This town, being the first actual settlement formed on the continent of America, was declared to be the capital of New Andalusia, and was governed by Enciso, and next by Vasco Nunez, who was elected by the people in piece of Enciso, whom they deposed. From this place he sent to the King of Spain 300 mares Of gold, which occasioned the name of Castilla del Oro, or Golden Castile, to be given to Terra Firma. Soon after Enciso had settled at Santa Maria, a party despatched from thence to the westward found Nicuesa and his men in a famishing condition at a plac-t called afterwards Nombre de Dios, because on landing there and finding no Indians, Nicuesa, who had been severely harassed by the Indians of Veraguas, said , " Quedamos aqui en el nombre do Dio" (let us stop here, in the name of God). On St. Michael's day, Sept. 29, 1513, Vasco Nunez dis covered the Pacific Ocean, at the Gulf of San Miguel, having sailed from Santa Maria to Carreto, and thence to Caledonia Barbour, from whence he crossed, fighting a battle on the way with the Indian chief Quarequa. In July, 1514, Don Pedro Arias Davila, surnamed El Justador, succeeded him as governor of Santa Maria, hav ing been sent out to supersede him, in consequence of com plaints carried to Spain by Encino. He was afterwards be headed by Davila, at Panama, upon an unfounded charge of treason to the king. Wish Davila came Juan de Quevedo, as Bishop of Darien, with the usual authority from Pope Leo X., so that Santa Maria was the first episcopal city in America. In 1514, Agia, or Ada, in Caledonia Bay, probably at the mouth of the Aglatumati, was founded by Gabriel de Rojas, as the most convenient pcint from whence to cross to the Pacific In 1515, King Ferdinand granted to the town of Santa Maria the privilege of bearing as its arms—gules, a golden castle, surmounted by a sun of the same, supported on the right by a tiger, and on the left by a crocodile, with these word—" La imagen de Nuestra Senora del Antigua," In 1516, Agla was fortified by Davila. In 1518 Panama was founded by Davila, after the conquest of Tubanama, its cac'que, by Vasco Nunez. The word Panama, it may be observed, means "plenty of fish," to 1532 Agla and the whole Isthmus of Darien were abandoned for Nombrede Dios and Panama, a road having been opened from the former place to San Juan and thence to Panama. Most probably the hostility of the Indians of Darien obliged the Spaniards to seek a transit route elsewhere; for, although Vasco Nunez conquered the Cacique of Carreto, whose daughter he married, and caciques of Comagra, Ponca, Quarequa, Chiapes, Zumaco, and Pocorosa, no settlements were effected in Darien except those of Santa Maria and Agla, which were so soon abandoned. From 1532 to the days of the filibustieros, or buccaneers, there is a complete hiatus in the history of Darien. In 1572, indeed, Nombre de Dios was taken by Sir Francis Drake, who plundered it of specie and commodities of immense value ; but that place, being to the westward of Cape Sans Blas, is included in the Isthmus of Panama. After the sacking of Nombre de Dios, which is now a hamlet with a population of about 100 negroes, it was aban doned for Portrbello, which was selected as being a more defensible posit ion and having a better harbour. Its insa lubrity, however, was so great the Spaniards removed from thence to Chagres, whence passengers and goods were con ♦eyed in canoes up the Chagres river to Gorgona in the dry, and Cruces in the rainy season. From each of these places there is a most execrable mule road to Panama,which is 23 miles distant from the former and 21 from the latter, In the lower course of the river, the canoes were propelled by paddles (canaletas), and higher up they were s'aoved along by poles (palancas), Chagres has lately been deserted, and the Atlantic terminus of the Panama Railroad at Aspinwall or Colon, on the island of Manzanillo, Navy Bay, is now the point a departure for the Pacific. In 1683 the buccaneers crossed the isthmus by the Chu guan aqua, and took the fort and town of Real de Santa Maria, on the Turfra, in the south of Darien. The follow• ing is the account given in the MS. of Basil Ringrose, one of the buccaneers, which is in the Ayscough Collection, in the British Museum :—" On April 5, 1680, 331 buccaneers, most of them English, passed over from Golden Island, and landed in Darien, each man provided with four cakes of bread, called doughboys, with a pistol, a fusil, and a hanger. They began their jour ney, marshalled in divisions with distinguishing flags, under their several commanders, Bartholomew Sharp and his men taking the lead. Many Darien Indians kept them company as their confederates, and supplied them with fruit, plantains, and venison, for which payment was made in axes, hatchets, knives, needles, beads, and trinkets ; all of which the buccaneers had taken care to come well pro vided with. Among the Darien Indians in company were two chiefs, who went by the names of Captain Andreas and Captain Antonio. The commencement of their march was through the skirt of a wood, which, having passed, they proceeded about a league by the side of a bay, and after wards about two leagues directly up a woody valley, where there was an Indian house and plantation by the side of a river. Here they took up their lodgings for the night, those who could not be received in the house building huts. The Indians were earnest in cautioning them not to sleep on the grass on account of adders. This first day's journey dis couraged four of the buccaneers, and they returned to the ships. Stones were found in the river which, on being broken, shone with sparks of gold. These stones, they were told, were driven down from the neighbouring mountains by torrents during the rainy season. The next morning at sunrise they proceeded on their way, labouring up a steep hill, which they surmounted about three in the afternoon, and at the foot on the other side they rested on the bank of a river which Capt. Andreas told them ran into the South Sea, and was the same by which the town of Santa Maria was situated." It was, in fact, the Sucubti, which rises from the Pacific side of Mount Agla. By descending it and th,; Chuqua naqua, of which it is a tributary, they reached the Tuyra, into which the latter falls, and on which Santa Maria, the nearest town to the Mine of Cana, was situated. After taking Santa Maria they proceeded to the Gulf of San Migue and Panama. to 1681, Surgical L'onel Wafer, with a party of the buccaneers, when approaching the mouth of the Tuyra with the intention of returning the way they had come, observed a Spanish gunboat anchored off it. To avoid being taken by the Spaniards they landed at the mouth of the Congo, in the Gulf of San Miguel, whence the Indians guided the buccaneers to the Atlantic. Wafer, having scorched his knee by the accidental explosion of some gun powder, was left behind at a hut on the bank of the Congo, and after a residence of some months with the Indians,who treated him well, was by them conducted to the mouth of Conception River, in San Blas Bay. On his return to Len don he wrote a most interesting account of his journey. He afterwards went to Edinburgh with Patterson to give infor mation concerning Darien to the company which organised the Scotch colony. In 1685 the gold mines of Darien were ordered to be closed by royal decree, dated March the 120, _ _ In 1693 the Scotch colony settled on the extremity of the promontory outside of Port Escoces, and began to build the town of New Edinburgh and the Fort of St. Andrew. The colonists were starved out, in 1699, by the infamous order of King William the Third, W4llO was influenced in his opposition to them by the remonstrances of the Spanish Ambassador, and the intrigues of the Dutch East Indian Company. The project of colonization was started by Patterson from information given to him by Wafer. In 1719 the Indians rose against the Spaniards, and the few doetrinae, or missions, that had been established, were broken up. It appears from a passage in the " Vidge" of Dun Antonio do Ulloa and Don Juan Jorge, the Spanish academicians, who went to the vicinity of Quito to measure the length of a degree on the equator, th tt, previous to 1719, there were doctrines at Matumaganti (a branch or the Savana) and Aglascniqua, in Caledonia Bay. In 1740 peace was concluded with the Indians by Lieu tenant-General Don Dionisio Martinez de la Vega, in con sequence of which Don Sebastian de Eslaba, Viceroy of Santa Fe, sent to North Darien two Jesuits, Padres Salva dor Grande and Pedro Fabro; and the President of Panama sent to the South Padres Matins Alvarez and Claudio Escobar, who formed the settlements of Mo. lineca, Balsas, Tucuti, Chuquanaqua, Cupe, and Yavisa. But they Lad scarcely succeeded in establishing those missions when the Indians deserted them, and the fathers with diffieuly escaped with their lives. In 1784 a junta, convened at Santa Fe do Bogota, by the viceroy and archbishop, Don Antonio Caballero y Gon gore, for the purpose of devising measures for the reduction and pacification of the Indians, decreed the establishment of fctrts at Maadinga, Ccukcesion, C(41 . 9141(1 ) is Caledonia Bay, and Cayman, in the Gulf of Darien. Tho command of the forts was entrusted to De la Torre, and With him were associated Brigadier General Don Antonio de Aretalo and Garcia de Villalba. The forts were established in ]785, and in the same year Lieutenant Colonel Don Andres de Arisa founded Fuerte del Principe, on the Savana, above the Lava mouth, and placed in it a garrieon of 200. Arisa was very anxious to establish a communication be tween the fort of Carolina, in Caledonia Bay, and that of Principe, on the Savana. To promote that object he made a treaty of friendship with Sulpani, or Urruchurchu, the chief of Sucubti, who gave his consent to the clearing of a road across the Isthmus, but the other chiefs decidedly re fused to let any Spaniard cross, or even to permit one of Suspani's Indians to convey letters from one fort to the other. After several fruitless attempts at negotiation on the subject, Don Luis de la Carrera was sent with 300 men of the Princesa Regiment (white soldiers) to open a read, and had succeeded in clearing a path throug't the bush as far as the bank of the Chuquanaqqa, opposite the mouth of the Sucubti, when the hostile attitude of the Indians obliged him to abandon the work. The route by which Arisa proposed to open a communi cation between the forts, in accordance with the informa tion which he received from Sulpani, was, first, to ascend the Aglatumati, one hour's journey from its mouth in Caledonia Bay; then . to cross the Cordillera to the head waters of the Sucubti, an eight hours' journey; next, to descend that river, half a day by water, or one day by land, to its confluence with the Chiquanaqua, from the opposite bank of which to Principe was a journey of six hours, Arisa proposed forming a settlement, to be called Mira fibres, at the mouth of Sucubti, and another, to be called Betanzas, between the Savana and the Chuquanaqua, but, as the road never was made, those plans fell to the ground. Mates, who was governor in Arisa's absence, and Donoso, an engineer, who was sent from Spain, with five assistants, to survey the Stwana and Chuquanaqua, re• commended descending the Chuquanaqua to Yavisa, and crossing thence to Principe, evidently a much longer route than Arise's. It is worthy of note that, as appears from documents existing in the archives of Bogota, from which I gleaned the above scanty memoranda, no sickness of any kind oc curred amongst the Spanish soldiers, although they fre quently made expeditions into the forest, and sometimes remained in the bush for a fortnight. Amongst the docu ments I found the diary of Sergeant Gabriel Morales, who went from Principe with a party of soldiers with the object of catching a stray Indian, and sending him with pacific overtures to the chiefs. It concludes by stating that all his party returned in perfect health. He advanced as far as the Moreti mouth, and then returned, having seen no traces of Indians anywhere, although doubtless his movements had been watched by them. Arisa had gone previous'y with 200 men to the confluence of the Sucubti with the Chuquanaque, and remained there several days without seeing any sign of an Indian. He then put a letter con taining an offer of peace in a bottle, which he suspended from a tree, and returned to Principe. Immediately after his arrival there a messenger came from the Indians to in quire what was the meaning of the paper in the bottle. Arise, in his report to the Viceroy, states that none of the men fell sick, although they had but recently arrived from Spain. I found that the old Granadiens in the south had a per fect recollection of the attempts made by Arisa, Donoso, and Matos to open a way to the Atlantic. One of them, a very aged negro, named Eulalio Aiva, of Chapigana, who was a patient of mine, informed me that he accompanied his father, who was a barqueano, or boatman, of Donoso's, when that engineer was surveying the Chuquanaqua and Savana. He stated that he saw Suspani when he came to Yav!sa to make peace and be baptised. He also told me that the people at Principe could hear the gun fired at Carolina.—" The Isthmus of Darien," by Dr. Cullen. (To be continued.) Ironm3sters' Quarterly Meeting. WOLVERHAMPTON, Wednesday Evening. The meetings of the ironmasters of this district for the current quarter commenced in this town to day, under circumstances more unsatisfactory and depressing perhaps than was before experienced. The collier's strike has had a most damaging effect upon the trade; the mischief arising from it is in creasingly felt daily, and even under the most favourable circumstances it 'will be a very long time before the district recovers from the shock. The attendance to-day was not large, and very little business was transacted, the ironmasters not being particularly anxious to take orders while there ie so much of uncertainty about their execution, which must necessarily be the case if the strike continues. In this state of Woo it is most likely that this will be a very quiet quarter day, but whatever con tracts are to be entered into were reserved for the meeting at Birmingham on Thursday. It was stated to-day that the principal iron masters are moderately supplied with orders; but it was thought that if the colliers were all in there would not be sufficient to keep the works in full operation, the demand on account of the export trade being limited. The market for pig-iron is extremely dull ; few sales were reported to-day, and, notwithstanding the reduction which hes taken place, prices have not materitklly improved. It appears that in the district west of Dudley there are 14 furnaces only in blast out of 56. The colliers' strike was much discussed today ; the prevailing opinion was that it will soon be over. A good number of the men in this--the thin coal district—have gene in ; on the Dadley side also the men are dropping in at Lord Dudley's pits, and some other of the collieries in that locality. The town was perfectly quiet to-day, the colliers not having made their appearance. Sooa after the trade had assembled a very gloomy feeling was produced by the announcement that MI William?, the chairman of the Association, had died at his residence, Wednesbury Oak, at half-past one o'clock. As head of the firm of Phillip Williams and Sons, the deceased had been largely engaged in the iron and coal trade of South Staffordshire all his life ; he was very highly respected, possessed considerable influence, and having been looked up to by all classes he will be much missed in the 1oca• lity. Mr Williams was also a banker at Wednes bury, deputy-chairman of the Birmingham Canal Company, and a director of the London and North Western Railway Company. He was a magistrate of the county of Stafford. STATE OF TRADE. DUNDEE, Oct. 11.—The failures which are occurring daily in England induce caution here, and operations are in consequence restricted to the supply 'of present wants. Really good flax and tow about maintain their value, but common quqlities, especially of St Petersburg goods, arc difficult to sell even at considerably reduced prices. The business done since last report is confined to a few unim portant transactions. Jute continues very quiet here, and prices do not respond to the advance in the south, the ten dency being rather downward. There was a moderate de mand for yarns to day, and as spinners aro getting through their forward sales they are now more willing for business, and prices are in favour of buyers. Buyers of linens hold orders for considerable parcels of goods of various descrip. tions, but in the present state of the market they do not place them, expeoting that prices may yet go lower. Manu facturers are willing to contract for nearly all the fabrics made at reduced rates, but as they are still generally work ing on former orders, and not requiring to press sales, the fall is not so great as on the raw material. Prices are, on the whole, rather irregular, as makers who have finished their contracts ask less than those who are still well fore sold. LEICESTER, 12th.—There has been a tolerable amount of business doing in hosiery goods during the past few days, considering that it is the fair week. At Loughborough and Hinckley business is rather quiet. There is not quite so much doing in yarns, and prices have given way. Spinners are working generally to order. There is no material change in the price of wools, and the market is quiet. NOTTINGHAM, 12th.—The lace trade has been more quiet this week than it has been for several weeks past. All branches are dull. Plain nets are not inquired after, and in fancy goods there is very little doing. Black silk laces are in very little r( quest, and the demand for narrow edging has greatly fallen off. Silk Mechlins and quiltings are not in improved demand, and manufacturers are in all cases confining productions to immediate requirements. '.rho hosiery trade is dull in all departments. The home demand is limited, and there is very little doing in shipping. THE LATE SIR ALEXANDER LAWRENCE, PART, —The Indian mail has- brought the melancholy tidings of the death of Sir Alexander Hutchinson Lawrence by an accident, He was passing on horseback over a bridge crossing a precipice in the Thibet-road when the bridge gave way under his horse, and he was killed instantaneously. Ile was the eldest son of the illustrious Sir Henry Montgo mery Lawrence, K.C.8., who fell at Lucknow, by the youngest daughter of the Rev. G. Marshall, of Cardonagh, in Ireland. He was born at Allahabad in 1838, entered the Bengal Civil Service in 1857, and was assistant-commis sioner in the Purjaub, He married, in 1862, the daughter of Dr Every Kenneiy, of Upper Merrion••street, Dublin, and of Belgrade Castle, Dublin county. He wes created a baronet for his father's services in India in 1851, wits re • mainder to his brother, Henry Waldemar. He was nephew of the eminent Viceroy of India, the Right Hon. Sir John Lawrence, Bart., Ci,c,B , D,C,L• 0 E zurt • HER MAJESTY. BALMORAL, Oct. 1 1 . The Queen went out yesterday morning, attended by Ludy Augusta Stanley ; and in the afternoon her Majesty, accompanied by Princess Helena an d the Dean of Westminster, and attended by 1 4 20 Augusta Stanley, drove to the Lynn of ;Mick. Princess Helena, attended by the Hon. E 036 Lascelles, went out riding in the morning. The Prince and Frincess of Wales. - LUBLCK, Oct. 12. he royal yacht Osborre, with the Prince . u 0 Princess of Wales, together with the infant Pon ce ' on board, has arrived at Travemunde. Their Royal Ilighnesses will .proceed to Gluck' stadt by special train at 11 a.m. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Prince° of Wales will not visit Paris before returning to Brgh incl ' though it is probable that a short stay will be made ill G e " many. The Duchess of Bucclench and Lady Victoria Scott left Belgrave-square on Tuesday to join the duke oa other members of the family at Drumlanrig Castle, Dullv. friesshire. The Marquis and Marchioness of Salisbury Will receive a succession of visitors at Hatfield House, Herts. The Marquis of Bristol, who is staying at hie country seat at Ickworth, has been suffering from se vere , illness during the past week, and on Saturday his lordship." state was such as to excite the serious apprehensions of 1216 family. We learn, however, that a favourable change h as since taken place, and that his lordship's medical advisers give good hopes of his gradual recovery. Maria Marchioness of Ailesbury has arrived ttt town from Jerveaux Abbey, the seat of the Mdrquis and Marchioness of Ailesbury. The Earl and Countess of Derby do not real" company at Knowsley Park until the second week in t h ensuing month. Tne Earl of Wilton will leave N.wmarket to morrow, to join the countess at Heat= Hall, near ga ll ; chester. At *the end of the month the noble earl an d ;ountess go to Egerton Lodge, Melton Mowbray, for th e hunting season. The Countess Cowper will shortly receive a die' tingu'shed party at Wrest Park, Beds. It is the intention of her ladyship to give a ball at Wrest to the county nobility and gentry, and there is to be a grand ball at Per shanger Park, near Hertford, before Christmas. We understand that the marriage of the Lady Helen M'Donnell, daughter of the late Earl and Lau ra Countess of Antrim, with Sir Malcolm Murray M'Gregort Bart., is to take place on Tuesday. the 25th inst. The marriage of Mr. W. W. P. Consett, of Brawith Hall, Yorkshire, with Edith, eldest daughter of Lord and Lady Charles Kerr, is fixed to take place on t "" 10th November at Dalkeith Chapel. The marriage of Victoire, youngest daughter of Mr. M. W. Balfe, to Don Jose Bernardino Fernandez de Velasco, Duke de Frias. was celebrated yesterday at the Chapel of the Spanish Embassy, by the Very Rev. Dr' Hearn. After a dejeiincit at the house of the bride's father, the duke and duchess left for Combs Bank, Seven Oa ks ' Kent, on their way to the Continent. THE COMMON LAW COURTS.—The Court of Conl 4 mon Pleas will sit at Nisi Prius in Michaelmas Term" in Middlesex, on Thursday, November 3, and Wednesclaio November 9, and in London on Monday, November 7, and Monday, November 14. The Court will s it, a ft e r term, in Middlesex, on Saturday, November 26, and after term, ill London, on Thursday, Deo, 3. The Court of Exchequer will hold its first sitting day in term, in Middlesex, 013 Thuteday, November 3; second sitting day, Wednesdal9 November 9; third sitting day, Wednesday, November 16; and in London on Monday, November 7, and Monday, N a " vember 14. The Court will sit after term, in Middlesex, on Saturday, November 26, and in London on ThursdaYt December 8. The Court will sit in Middlesex at Nisi Prius in term by a 4 journmeut from day to day until the caus 6ll entered for the Middlesex sittings are disposed of. OUR DOGS.—The dogs of Great Britain are an increasing race. The £39 12s annutl tax was paid upon 81 packs of hounds (of 66 or more) in the financial year 1859-60, and upon 84 packs in 1861-62. The packs of greyhounds (of 15 or more) were 29 in the former year and 38 in the latter; the duty is £3. For dogs of any other do' scription the tax is 12s a •year, and it was assessed on 324,7 54 in 1853-60, and on 3.6,862 in 1861.62. The returns do not carry these details down to a later year as yet, but the prO' duce of the dog-tax increased in the ye tr 1862-63, and again in the year 1863-61. UNWILLING PASSENGERS.—A female camel, with her young one, arrived in Southampton yesterdan to be sent out in the Bremen mail steamer New York to the United States. They were accompanied by an Arab keeper. By no contrivance could the elder camel be induced to cross the gangway from the dock to the ship, although the Aral tried by blows and by coaxing with a bag of oats to get hex on board. The young camel, about the size cf a pony, an d covered with beautifully soft silky hair, stuck to his data' As the tide was about to elp, the pilot on board the bh i r' became' impatient, and called out "Have the aniratO shipped." A number of the German passengers on board the New York rushed on shore, and, amidst shouts ° I laughter, took the young camel up in their arms and carried him bodily on to the steamer, and the ship was obliged tc leave the side of the dock immediately, leaving the s he camel behind. The young camel began to cry in the ra° Bl pitiful manner on being separated from his dam, and the latter, hearing the cries, moaned distressingly; her eye! were moistened with tears, and her head was sloWly on' solemnly moving to and fro, looking fur her young one. Al length she was put into a horse box and slung on board steam-tug and taken out to the New York, which waited the stream for her. CRYSTALLOGENIC FORM.—Under this titla IST. Kuhlmann has just addressed a paper to the Aca' demy of Sciences, his object being to show that all miner al particles have a tendency to arrange themselves in crystals or at least in strata, or in nodules. Thus gypsum, dissefai' nated throughout a mass of clay, will in course of time IA found collected under the form of crystals, its particles having by slow degrees penetrated through the clay it virtue of the force of attraction. In the Bidache limeston e (Basses-Pyrenees) silex has formed distinct strata; and it the chalk formations concretions of silex are often found 01 short distances from each other. M. Kuhlmann 811 01 / 1 that very flexible brass wire may become brittle by frequen t vibration ; the same is the case with iron wire, which, owin to this circumstance, is now universally rejected as a mate real for the construction of suspension bridges. The errata'. lization of wrought iron has often been the cause of ace' dents, as may be seen from the frequent breaking of axle trees. Those of railway carriages are safer than those 0 common vehicles, because they do not receive such violet ] shocks on rails as the others do on stone pavements; the: are, therefore, chiefly liable to wear out. M. Kuhlman] states that he had, on the Northern Railway, examine, axletrees, the iron of which still preserved its fibrous texture though it had travelled over several hundred thonsan ( kilogrames of rail. The axletree of a common carreag when it breaks presents a granulated or crystalline frac ture, which it would not have had when fresh from fb anvil—hence, by constant motion, the particles of the iro] have passed from the fibrous to the crystalline stilt( Similar changes take place in sheet-iron ; thus specimen of the latter, of excellent quality, havin. been used for the construction of a boiler, has no' become quite brittle, after having been for the space c 20 years exposed to the constant vibrations produced by tl ebullition of water; even the rivets which held the Oat together have become brittle. M. Kuhlmann points out a easy way of discovering at any time whether the change di scribed has taken place, and whether the iron under exam nation can still be depended upon or not ; this is, to polif a few square centimetres of its surface with a smooth fit and then to expose it for a few minutes to the action of site acid. If the texture of the metal has become crystalli o this new slate will thus become apparent. THE DISTRESS IN PRESTON.—The distress in tb town has begun to assume proportions which wet there not grounds for believing it to be of a transient ell ratter, would be calculated to create alarm as to the state the operatives during the ensuing winter. At the week ] meeting of the Relief Committee, held at their office Crooked-lane, on Monday, it was reported that 2,156 cae' comprising 8,162 persons, had been relieved during tl past week, at a cost of £225 Bs. 6d., being an increa on the previous week of 229 cases, 1,001 persons, ar £25 Os. 6d. expenditure. The total increase in fl number of persons relieved since September 18, wbc the distress was at its minimum, is no less that 3,347. The committee have just taken the census 1 the factory population by a house-to-house visitation, wil e t was discovered that no less than 6,894 factory operativ, have either emigrated, found employment elsewhere, or ha' been removed by the guardians. The chief constable weekly report as to the state of employment shows al there are 23 mills totally closed out of the 87. Thenunib, of operatives working full time is 8,583; five days, 2 , 757 four days, 496 ; three days, 4,503 ; two days, 67 ; and total unemployed, 10,913. Seven deaths from fever havil ensued during the past week, an inquiry as to the sal' tary condition of the infected districts was ordered, with view of checking the further progress of the epidemic/ possible. An in TAE DECIMAL REFORM MOVEMENT. - ' - A n fluential meeting of commercial men was held on Tuesels in Liverpool, at which it was resolved to form a provision 1 t committee with the view of establishing a bran ch of I international association for obtaining a uniform deciT2 system of measures, weights, and coluage. \