The Sun. — London, England, 1864-11-01 00:00:00

IIFEBOAT SERVICES.—During the storms fit and efficient representative of the w id e ly- s p rea d j 1 of the past year the boats of the National Lifeboat requirements of a great nation, and this truth will Institution saved 417 persons from different wrecks on our ter be proved as event s d eve l o coasts. The Institution also expended £13,810 3s. 2d. in sooner or lat e them the same period on lifeboat establishments, in addition to p grantin £1,351 Os. d. as rewards for saving 714 shipwr ec k e d selves . P eace-at-any-price is not a doctrine which g persons by its . lifeboats, and otherhe Committee ot the Instituttolen earnestly APPEAL to is congenial to the geni us o f th e E ng li s h nat i on the for ASSISTANCE enable them to meet the . . It is not that we are a warlike people like our con continrect heavy demands on the Institution's 137 lifeboat establishmen b t a s ilk C e o n n ; tr a ib n u d ti b o y ns are received by all the London . tinental neighbours, whose military ardour and the Secretary, Richard Lewis, "It i t ill th c e o rns t aution, 11, John-street, Adelphi. enthusiasm is their paramont influence and reigns supreme over every other feeling ; but there is something contemptible in the notion of such a thing, which a higheminded and superior people naturally revolt against. It implies so much in the background, such betrayal of coafidence, relinquish. went of rights, and forsaking of friends, that it may well be stamped as ignoble and unworthy at the very outset. Only this very year we have seen this false system prevail in high places, and this fatal principle takes root in our administration, and the consequences have been alike deplorable and disas trous. The Conservative :demonstration at Roch dale may seem nothing to some, but it is by no means positive that the sequence of the story is not an important event in the chronicles of time. To Mr COBDEN and his friends and admirers such an affair may seem as the speck no bigger than a man's hand, but those who saw the picture may discern the likelihood of this adverse combination assuming fearful proportions and eventually making itself felt and seen in an unmistakeable manner before long. Apart from the party tone which characterised the meeting at Rochdale, there were many observations made and principles enunciated which might justly be said to be national ones, and to depict the cur rent of public opinion through the confines of the land. Mr. BRETT, the proposed candidate in the Conservative interest, made a spirited speech, in which he denounced the policy of Mr COBDEN as one fatal to the interests and prejudicial to the principles which the community of this country were prepared to uphold and pledged to support alike by past associations, present convictions, end future aspirations. So far the feeling and senti ment of the reflective part of the constituency will go with him, and it is very doubtful if his opponent will be able to gain an advantage over him. Mr BRETT very properly laid great stress upon the new foreign and colonial policy which the disciples of the peace school advocate and will promulgate at the first opportunity. These new notions advocate the noneinterference in all foreign questions, and the abandonment of our colonies to their own resources, so that we may reduce our army and navy to the smallest possible proportions, and thus decrease ex penditure. Mr. BRETT very forcibly observed that by this means the credit and character of the country would be seriously compromised,end our honour irre trievably assailed and tarnished. IVho can tell to what length other nations will go, when it is once seen and ascertained for a certainty that England has ceased to be a first-rate Power, intent on keeping her rightful place, and determined to exercise her just influence on other nations. The picture drawn by Mr BRETT is indeed a lugubrious one, but it is nevertheless very likely to be realised if full scope is given to the views of Mr COBDEN and his friends and supporters. When the prestige of a people is past, of what avail are their old glories and ancient prowess ? Let us sink to the level that the utilitarians have prescribed for us ; let us take up their pusillanimous policy with strength and spirit, and what will remain ? Any we not safely venture to affirm that there is every chance of the worst forebodings being fulfilled, and the direst prognostications realised. If the Baltic be comes a Russian and the Mediterranean a French lake, what sort of a position shall we hold in Eu-. rope ? Again, if our colonies are not to be a source of interest and attraction to uQ, what place shall we hold among the fraternity of nations ? We might as well be blotted out of the map of the world. It has always been our beast and pride that on our empire the sun never sets, and why should this feeling be no more powerful to prevail nor potent to influence. Mr.BRETT brought the case home to his hearers by saying—" Surely those who advocate such a policy forget that if all these things were to take place in Canada, Australia, and India, there is not a home or family in England that would not be deprived of some one who is near and dear to it." Mr. COBDEN and his auxiliaries have mistaken their vocation and missed their destiny in their insane attempt to put all things on their own level, and to make the sentiments and sympathies of Englishmen accord to their views, as PROCRUSTES adapted his lodgers to the size of his furniture. Such a cause will not do, and the announcement of such a policy in regard to affairs with the outward world, will materially militate against any effects that a more vigorous home policy might produce. It will be a poor advantage if we remedy deficiencies and rectify abuses that have crept in amongst us, and then find out that we are nobodies after atl. It is idle to trust entirely to appearances, because the great nations that flourished and fell before our time were as great in their fancied security until their doom came upon them, and they passed away as if they had not been. All tends to prove the truth of the saying, that "The record of all earthly tales is but the sad rehearsal of the past." It is the insidioss character of many changes that constitute their real danger and destruction. Under the specious pretence and fair-seeming semblance of reform and retrenchment, the disciples of the Manchester School are introducing changes into our political state, and advancing the cause of a social system that will undermine and deteriorate the time-honoured and glorious Constitution of England, It will not do to be deceived or taken in, however fair or will-sounding the de nomination of the new regime. It is better to be prepared for the emergency. If it is the intention of this new school of philosphical politicians to bide their time, and when Lord PALMERSTON has finally disappeared from the stage of this World's per formances to inaugurate their anti-national and un-English doctrines, then the sooner they are erne masked the better. It is always easier to go forward .h in to retrace lost ground, and the lovers of pro gress will do better to give their votes for the most inveterate hater of reform, than to let in one dis ciple of the school which counsels the mischievous policy of peace at any price, and reform at home with loss of character and credit abroad. The elec tors of Rochdale had better be rrepared for the struggle, and manifest their determination to oppose the principles of a policy which will under mine the influence and stultify the progress of the IPHEATRE ROYAL, DRURY..LANE.- A Managers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton, 'HIS EVENING, TOO MUCH FOR GOOD NATURE. Mes,re. G. Edmore, Fitzjames, G. Wes on ; Misses Helen Bowa rd and R. Leclereq, Mrs. Vandenhoff, Mrs. C. Melville, cte After which, at a quarter to Eight o'c'ock,:Shaksnere's Tragedy of OTHELLO. Mr. Creswick; Messrs. 11. Mars on, Walter Lucy, G. F. Neville, A Rayner, ,to. ; Mrs. Hermann Vezin, and Miss Atkinson. Doors open at ha f-past Six —Commence at Seven. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.— Lessee. Mr. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, THE SUN AID THE WINO. After w hich, THE STRANGER. Messrs. Howe, Chip. pendale, Farren, Compton, Rogers, Gordon, Braid, &c. Mesdames Beatrice, Keeley, Fitzwildam, Moore, &c. Followed by ON THE SLY. Messrs. Buckstone, Rogers, Gordon, &c. ; Mesdames Snowdon, Fitzwilliam, ac. And OUR MARY ANNE. Miss H. Lindley. To commence at 7. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the sole management of Mr. Fechter. THIS EVENING, THE KING'S BUTTERFLY. Fan fan, the King's Butterfly, Mr. Fechter. Messrs. Rycier,Wid dicomb, Ch .rlei, M'intyre, Garden, Raymond, Moreland, C ifford. Collett; Misses Carlot a Lealercq, M. lienrade, E. Lavenue, and B. Lavenue. Preceded, at 7, by IsiIIESEY CHICKWEED. Messrs. U. Widdicomb, Garden, Moreland, Collett ; Miss Lavenue, Mt s. Lee. Doers open at half-past 6 ; commence at 7. The Box-office open daily from Elev.n till Five. 111NG'S BUTTERFLY.-LYCEUM TREAT RE.—Fanfan, the King's Butterfly, Mr. sELfITER.—The most s uccessful Drama produced for years. RO YA L PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining. THIS EVENING, BORN TO GOOD LUCK. I addy O'Rafferty, Mr. Dominick Murray. After which, THE STREETS OF LONDON. Messrs. Vining, J. W. Ray, D. Fi her, D. Murray, J. Nelson, H. Forrester. H. Mellon ; Mrs. Henry Manton, Miss Emma .Barnett, and Miss Fanny Gwynne. TEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHL- Sale Proorlator and Manazer. Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, A SHEEP IN WOLF'S CLOTHING. Mrs. Stirling and Mr. J. Clarke. After which, THE HEN AND CHICKENS. Messrs. Billingtor, h. Phillips, Stephenson, Eburne ; Mrs. Stirling and Miss H. Simmi. To be followed by HIS LAST LEGS. O'Callaghan (with songs', Mr. John Collins, supported by Meters. Billington, Stephenson, C. J. Smith; Mrs. H. Lewis and Miss A. Sea man. To conclude with DOING RANTING. Messrs. J. Clarke, Stephenson, R. Romer; Mrs. H Lewis and Miss A. Seaman. Commence at 7. R OYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. Manager, Mr. Benjamin Webster. EMINEN I' TALENT AND COMEDY DRAMA. Those celebrated artistes, Mr. and Mrs. C. Mathews, are re engaged. THIS EVENING, and during the week, UNDER THE ROSE. After whi^h, a new and original Comedy Drama, in three acts, entitled SY/ALLA ; or, STEP BY STEE'. Mr. and Mrs. Charles Mathews. To conclude with Mr. Maddison Morton's New Comedy Farce of WOOD OCK'S LITTLE GAME. Mr. Charles Mathews, Mrs. Frank Matthews. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manageress, Mrs. Swanborough. TIIIi EVENING, JNLIMITED CONFIDENCE. Followed by, at Eight, MILKY WHITE. Messrs. Craven, Stoyle, James ; Mesdames Swanbor_ugh and Mande - s. To conclude with MAZEITA. Mesdames Raynham, Simpson, &c. .1 . MOSE S AND SON 4 -• respectfully call attention to their large and well assorted stock of JUVENILE CLOTHING. The newest faorics are combined with the latest and most fashionable cesigns, and the best workmanship. E. 3105E4 and SON bive particular attention to this important b ranc h o f t h e i r usiness, and they can with confidence affirm that the prices Are such as must satisfy the most economical. This depart went is in a distinct part of the premises, which will be fvund a gre tt convt.nience for ladies and children, MOSES AND SON E• respectfully invi'e public attention to their large and well-assorted WINTEI STOCK. W . l l MOSES AND SON'S • "SANDRINGHAM" and "DANISH " WRAPPER „introduced by them) is the newest and most fashion lb e style of Overcoats for the season. MOSES AND SON'S • READY-MADE and BESPOKE CLOTHING for all classes and all ages. w MOSES AND SON'S • CELEBRATED "INDISPENSABLE" SUIT, trom 30s. MOSES AND SON'S ~• HOSIERY and DR kI ERY, for all classes and all ages. 'V A MOSES AND SON'S • RATS AND CAPS, fvr all c asses and all ages. EMOSES AND SON'S • BOOTS and SHOES, for all classes and all ages. MOSES AND SON'S • OUTFI I S. for all classes, all age.., and all climates. MOSES AND SON'S 2 'A • LONDON HOUSES, 154, 155, 15 4 , 157, Minories; 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, Aldgate; 506, 507, 508, New Oxford--street; 1,2, 3, Hart-stre, t ; 137, 138, Tottenham-court-road ; 288, Euston-road EMOSES AND SON'S • COUNTRY ESTABLISHMENT, Bridge-street, Bradford, -Yorkshire. T MOSES AND SON'S '4 • Establishments are closed every Friday evening at sunset until Saturday evening at sunset, when business is re sumed until 11 o'clock. A 1 articles are marked the lowest prices in plain figures. Any article not apprived of will be exchanged, or the money returned. List of Prices with Rules for Self-measurement, Fashion Card, and our new pamphlet, "The Tercentenary ; or, The Three Hundredth Birthday of William Shrkkapeare," gratis and post free. COALS. —The LILLES HAL L COMPANY'S COALS. Direct from their own Collieries. Marquis'. 255. per ton. I Double 21s. per ton. Top 245. „ Deep 221. „ well screened and delivered within five miles of their De pots, Westbourne Park-road, W., and 17, South Wharf, 'addington, W., and Maiden-lane, N. Best Coke Terms cash. JOHN SCOTT, Sole Agent, ,SHE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, can be had Every Evening of G. R. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN" supplied, as soon as published every Evening by HENRY BROOKS, Newspaper Agent, 21, Old Cavendish street, W. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAT.—Morning, 2h. 50m.—Afternoon, 3h. 10m. Co-goßnow.-Morning, 3h. 28m.—Afternoon, 3h. 45m. 4 , v h : . . J lb 411 io - NV 4-4-11t6 LONDON, TUESDAY, NOV. 1, 1864. Mr COBDEN had better look to his laurels, for he is threatened by a powerful opposition. Doubtless he now considers himself safe, and laughs at any adverse movement ; hit it by no means follows that when the day of trial comes he may not find that he has enacted the part of the hare in the fable, and allowed the tortoise to creep in and win the race. It is always difficult to define the opposition that arrays itself against one who, for a long period, bas been a popular favourite. At first a whispe r o f reproof and reproach is scarcely heard, but the curious feeling takes root end gradually gains ground, slowly, surely working on to its fatal end. At the time of the repeal of the Corn LAWS there was no man in England more highly thought of than the hon. member for Rochdale; but it was not a lasting sentiment, deep in the heart of the nation, but a temporary feeling that was evoked. He rode on the wings of a transitory triumph and did not rckon on a more lasting and solid foundation on which to build his renown. It may truly be said of Mr CvEDEN that he has missed the tide in his affair?, which, taken at the flood, would have led on to fortune. He has not identified himself with the spirit of the English people, nor fully and fairly represented their character in his dealings with foreign nations, There has been too much of one idea running through all his views to render him a country. It is very long since any criminal trial has ex cited the keen and absorbing interest with which all ranks and classes of men have followed the details of the trial of FRANZ MULLER for the murder of Mr, BRIGGS. The painful circumstances of the case had thrilled every heart, and amidst the sympathy universally felt for the family so terribly and so suddenly bereaved of a cherished relative was mingled a sentiment of general nnessi. nese, since each felt the same disaster might have happened to himself, and of i n di gnat i on that such a crime should have been possible in the very heart of our well guarded metropolis. For a few days no trace of the murderer was discovered, and it began to be feared that the assassination of Mr. BRIGGS would be added to the dark catalogue of crimes which never meet their due reward o earth. The unusual reward which was off,red or the appro. rHE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 1, 1864. hension of the criminal at length brought forward some important evidence, and as the love of gain was probably the motive for the commission of the deed, so it proved the accessory of its detection. The circumstances of the trial, including the pursuit and capture of MT/LLER, and the singular but most convincing chain of evidence which led to his conviction, were all of a nature to keep up the public, excitement to the highest pitch. When it was feared that the sup• posed assassin would elude justice the chase was watched with intense eagerness, but when it was learned that he was actually in the hands of the police general relief was felt. All knew that there was no danger of a hasty and incomplete convic tion—that all that skill and experience and judicial acumen of the highest character could do would be done to set the full details of the case before an unprejudiced and conscientious jury. Those anticipations have been fulfilled to the letter. The care of his countrymen procured for the pri soner the assistance of eminent counsel, and the whole case has been conducted in a spirit and with a manner worthy of the impartial majesty of English law. Never perhaps has justice held the scales more fairly, never was her sword more carefully and deliberately poised. No one who listened to the clear and masterly summing up of the Lord Chief Baron—a summing up worthy of his high repute. tion as one of the ornaments of the Bench—could have failed to be forcibly impressed by the nature of the evidence against the unhappy man at the bar. As the learned judge observed, there were three dis tinct chains of evidence against him—that relating to the hat found in his possession, to the hat found in the carriage, and to the watch and chain. Each of these was carried out with singular distinctness, and the threefold line of defence set up entirely failed to dispose of the evidence. The first plea on behalf of the prisoner was an assertion that the charge against him was not satisfactorily proved-- a mere general defence. The second was that he was physically unequal to the commission of the act—an assertion which, considering the respective ages of the parties, and the fact of MrBRIGGs being taken by surprise and probably asleep, did not weigh much in his favour. The third plea, an alibi, entirely broke do wn, the witnesses, entrust• worthy as they were, being unable to give any reason whatever for their assertions as to the time. In fact, as the Solicitor-General justly observed, the discovery of MULLER having been at Camberwell about nine on the fatal evening was rather preju dicial to him than otherwise. All the other evi dence—of the hatters, of the jeweller, of MULLER'S landlady, of the cabman and hie wife—pointed strongly against the prisoner, and was remarkably unanimous. Little details, such as the lining of the hat, the jeweller's box given to the child, and other incidents fitted in with surprising clearness, MUL LER himself must have lost all hope as, one by one, these condemning facts were elicited. He has the satisfaction, if satisfaction there can be to a man in his awful position, that he has not been condemned undefended and unheard, and that he has had all the aid that legal ingenuity and forensic eloquence could have given to the most innocent man. Bat nevertheless his doom is sealed, uric' the unanimous voice of tte public unhesitatingly ratifies the decision of judge and jury. There only remains the last scene iu this appalling tragedy--a tragedy that has brought home to the most -thoughtless and light hearted the uncertainty of human life, and the Atartling but familiar truth that in the midst of die we are in death. It is only to be hoped that the catastrophe will induce greater care and cau tion in the management of our railway lines, and that the single retribution which has in this instance followed upon the crime may serve to deter others from so dark a deed. For the murderer himself there is nothing to ba said, He has committed a barbarous murder without provocation or induce ment beyond the mere sordid love of gain, and has brought desolation to a happy home only, as the event proves, to condemn himself to an ignominious death. After the fitful and fluctuating manner in which our criminal justice has lately been adminis tered, it is some satisfaction to the public that a case of such vital interest to society should have been so carried out in accordance with the old tra ditionary dignity of English constitutional law ; and it only remains for the public, while shudder.. ing at the guilt of the criminal, to echo that deep but audible amen which murmured through the vast assembly as the learned judge concluded the delivery of his impressive judgment, by praying hat the murderer might find that mercy from the tribunal of Heaven which he has justly forfeited at the hands of his fellow men. The public w:11 learn with very great and gene• ral regret that they have lost one whose gifted pencil has for so many years delighted and amused all classes. We have had this year to deplore the loss of many able and eminent men, and now another name is added to the list. Mini LEECH is no more, and the wonderful versatile hand whioh has so often illustrated the foibles and fancies of our social life shall no more provoke us to smile, even at our own absurdities. The caricaturist, like the satirist in words, too often plays an ungenerous part. He exposes with merciless hand the weak points of his victim, and is sometimes tempted to sacrifice every kindlier feeling to the desire of achiev. ing an effect. No such charge can be brought against the memory of JOHN LEECH ; and though he has relentlessly exhibited in turn the absurdi ties of almost every class, he has never done it so as to offend even their representatives. Perhaps it was owing to the fact that his satires were general, and not personal, that they were so entirely devoid of malice. It was pretension of any kind against which his wit specially directed its shafts, whether in the " young England," who would fain be old England, the faded belle, who would compete with youthful bloom, the "Jeames," who aped the airs of his master, or the hapless devotee of field sports, who only succeeded in exhibiting his deficiencies. The fun of his yearly almanac illustrations too, was something inimitable by meaner pencils, while the general literature of the day has lost one of its most brilliant and successful illustrators. Mr. LEECH'S death was as premature as it was unex pected. He was only 47 years of age, and had in the hope and belief of those around him many more years to come of active and vigorous life. For some time he had been a great sufferer from irritability of nerves, and was one of the foremost in the crusade against organ grinders and street cries. The ex cessive sensibility to noise which his friends laughed at and he so painfully lamented, was, in fact, the symptoms of more serious evil, and it would have been well if, instead of roaming from house to house and complaining now of the street music, now of the sound of a neighbouring hammer, Mr. LEECH had paused to ask himself why he felt these things so keenly. The excessive irritability was a sure sign that brain and nerves imperatively needed rest--- rest which, if he had granted with a more prompt and liberal hand to his overtasked powers, might have spared his friends the bereavement, and the public the loss, which they now bewail. It would be well if other men of genius would take warning and be less indefatigable in the pursuit of their call ing, but the present loss is none the less great that it might have INect averted for a time, It is strange that within a year LEECH should have followed THACKERAY to the tomb; strange that the two gifted and distinguished schoolfellows should have been so brief a time parted. They have alike left names no lees honoured in their calling than cherished in their homes, and in this age, when morbid sentiment and :extravagant pretension and smoothfaced hypocrisy are only too common, we can ill afford to miss those keen and quick witted cen. sore who spared neither wealth nor rank, nor power, when they found it trenching on the code of truth and right. Visit of the Metropolitan Board of Works to Carlisle. CARLISLE, Saturday Evening. This morning the Metropolitan Board of Works, including the chairman (Mr. J. Tb waites), his secre. tary (Mr Creasy), Mr. Freeman, chairman of Main drainage committee, and about 25 members of the Board, and accompanied by Mr Bazalgette, their chief engineer, arrived at Carlisle to inspect the works in operation here for the utilisation of the sewage of the city. In the forenoon they proceeded to the Town Hall, where they were received by the Mayor of Carlisle, and a small deputation of the L9cal Board of Health, and were joined by Mr Lawson, M.P., Mr Potter, M.P., and other gentle men. They then proceeded to the Willow Holme, near the main outlet of the sewage of the city, where the works conducted by Mr Alexander M'Dougall, chemist, Manchester, are in operation, and that gentleman explained to the Board the manner in which the sewage is applied to the land he has in hand. As stated in The Sun last week the area actually irrigated is about 60 acres. The Board were first taken to a small engine-house, near which is sunk a deep well, into which the sewage is run, and where it is die• infected. The process of the disinfection is very simple, In two barrels, placed in a covered house, carbolic acid, which is insoluble in pure water, is dissolved in lime water, and then runs into a third barrel. This is the disinfecting liquid, and it runs slowly into the well below, in which the sewage is collected, and there it is mixed with it, acd then pumped into canals, which convey it on the land. The general arrangement of these canals was described in The Sun last week. A broad canal is run round the field, which can be stopped up at any point, and sewage diverted into movable iron channels, from which it is shed upon the land. Mr M'Dougall stated that the principal part of the sewage of Carlisle is thus utilised. But the sewage of one district of the town eaters the main outlet sewer lower down than his works, and that part is not made use of by him. By the erection of another engine this also could be made available for the land ; but as the district in question is one in which there are few water-closets, Mr M'Dougell does not consider the sewage of sufficient value to warrant the expense of an additional engine. Speaking in rough numbers the population in the district of which the sewage is not utilised, but is run into the river, is about 7,000 or 8,000 ; while that of the whole of the other districts of the town (all the sewage of which is applied to the soil) is 22,000 or 23,00 people. Mr. Dougall stated that there had not been any complaints made of the slightest smell from his land or works, and the Metropolitan Board' verified this by their own personal inspection and observation. As the Board walked over the land Mr. M'Dougall made some interesting statements as to the effects of the application of disinfected sewage to the land. He had found that, whereas in Owes where sewage has been applied in a putrifiA state the finer grasses are destroyed and rank coarse grass takes its place, the application of disinfected sewage had not been attended with a like result. The fine grasses were still preserved. Fears had been expressed by practical farmers that although they might do to departure mulch cows upon, yet when these meadows came to be used for sheep feeding, the animals would be rained by the disease of " flukes in the liver." Experience had shown these fears to be groundless, the deodorizer acing as a preventive. Nor had any foot-rot been expe rienced. Indeed, the disinfecter being an anti septic, any sheep slightly affected with foot-rot were cured by being pat into the irrigated land. There is one portion of the land leased by Mr. M'llaugall which is not irrigated. The stock are free to roam over both portions of the holmes, and it was found that they much preferred the irrigated part ; indeed, they had to be penned on that not ir rigated if it was thought desirable to keep them there ; and the board, by contrasting the colour of the grass in the two parts of the land, saw how much more luxuriant was the grass on that which was irrigated. Mr. INl'Deugall stated that he considered the produce on the ir rigated meadows to be about four times as great as that on the land to which the liquid sewage is not applied ; and in some parts, where the irrigations had been made more frequently, five times as great. According to the plan usually fol lowed, the sewage is pumped on each section of the field for four hours at a time, and as it takes about four months to go over the whole area in this way, each section is irrigated three times a year. Mr M . Dougall expressed his opinion that the best way to make the application and sewage profitable would be to cut the grass and carry it away for stall-fed oxen, the manure of which should be taken away to fertilise an arable farm where winter food could be grown. Having finished their inspection of the works, the Board returned to the city, and lear nt from the butcher by whom the land is rented (Mr Moffat Hetherington) that he considered the application of the sewage most beneficial. Experience had shown him that it wa s t w i ce as val ua bl e to him as land otherwise of equal value which h a d not been irri gated. The Board, who expressed themselves much pleased with wh a t th e y had se en , and pur pose for E dinburgh in the evenin g , by th e " W aver l ey route, " pose extending their tour to Glasgow. EXCITING SCENE ON THE COAST, --SHIPWRECK, AND GALLANT RESCUE OF THE CREW.•••••A. moat exciting scene occurred at Cullercoats on Friday night. The wind blew from the eastward; the night was pitch dark, and the sea was heavier than it had been known for years. Between nine and ten o'clock at night a thick mist came on, and just about that time the villagers were much alarmed by observ ing a vessel close under the cliffs to the north of the village burning lights, and upon rushing down to the cliffs they noticed that the vessel was upon the rocks, in danger of momentarily breaking up, and the crew were shouting for help, and burning tar barrels and torches to attract attention. From the tremendous sea that was roll ing upon the shore it was impossible to get the lifeboat over Cullercoats bar, and if the fishermen had succeeded in doing so she would have speedily been dashed to pieces on the rocks, Fleet footed messengers were despatched to the coastguard stations at Whitley i s tu d Tynemouth for the roc kets, and speedily the officer at the former place was on the cliffs with the mortar and a pparatus. The greatest anxiety was felt then lest the vessel should break up before lines could be thrown to the crew, end fishermen and fisher women worked like horses, under the direction of the coast guards, which were drawing up from Tynemouth and other stations, to get th e mortar into position, extra gear being brought by Mr Byrne, the chief boatman, and two lines were cleverly shot over the vessel. The crew of the vessel fortunately knew how to use them. A hawser was fastened to the mizzen rigging, life-buoys were got into trim, and in a short time all hands, men and boys, were hauled on to the cliffs amidst loud cheering. While the people on the shore were thus employed the vessel was rapidly breaking up. When the last man left her she was in three pieces, and within an hour she had entirely fallen to fragments, and was floating about the sea. Any delay or want of promptitude on the part of the villagers in bring • ing immediate help to the crew would have been fatal, as they were just saved, and that was all. But the fisher men and noble fisherwomen and fisher lasses of Cullercoats were not contented with simply assisting to save the pcor fellows. In every direction women and lasses were bringing warm clothing and refreshments for the half-perished men, and they were removed to the inns kept by Mr Smith and Mr Thompson, where every attention was paid to their com fort. The vessel proved to be the barque Warrior, of Sunder land, from Hamburg. She had missed Teignmouth lights, and having drawn to the northward, got embayed. :The captain had his anchors out, but the vessel had dragged them and struck upon the rocks, about two hundred yards from the cliffs —.Newcastle Chronicle. ------ CARMARTIIEN ELECTION.—The election for Care marthen took place yesterdity afternoon at 2 o'clock. Mr William Morris was nominated by Mr Lewis Morris, soli citor, of Carmarthen, and seconded by Mr James Buckley, of Perlyrui, Llanolly. There was Ito opposition. LATEST INTELLIGENCE, (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) TEE TREATY OP PEACE, VIENNA, Nov. 1. The Neue Frie Presse of today says ; "According to the stipulations of the treaty of peace 29 millions of thalers of the Danish national debt will be borne by the .Duchies. "Tile Flensburg fine arts collection will be at the disposal of the Danish Government." GREECE. THE CONSTITUTION. 'ATHENS, OCT. 29. The National Assembly terminated its discussion upon the Constitution yesterday. The draft was read over and adopted to-day. It is probable that the members of the Ministry will not sign the Constitution. THE BRAZIL MAIL. LISBON, Nov. 1. The Royal Steam Packet Company's ship Mag dalena has arrived here from the Brazils, &c., and will leave for Southampton at 8 a.m. to-day, with 52 passengers, £43,059 in specie, 1,290 bags of coffee, 504 rolls of tobacco, 205 bales of cotton, and 136 packages of sundries. OVERLAND MAILS. BOMBAY AND MAURITIUS MAILS. ALEXANDRIA, OCT. 31. The Ellora and Poonah left at noon to-day. The former may be expected at Marseilles about the 6th, and the latter at Southampton about the 13th November. OUTWARD MAILS OF THE 12TH AND 18TH OCTOBER. SUEZ, OCT. 27. The Behar sailed to-day for Bombay. OUTWARD CALCUTTA, CHINA, AND AUSTRALIAN MAILS. MALTA, OCT. 31. The Baroda, from Marseilles on the 28th inst., arrived yesterday at 7 p m. and left at 4 a.m. to. day for Alexandria. The Ceylon, from Southampton on the 20th inst., arrived yesterday at 10 p.m. All well, and left at 10 a.m. to-day for Alexandria. FRANCE. PARIS, Nov. 1. The Emperor arrived at St. Cloud, at six o'clock yesterday evening. The Czar arrived at Kehl at four o'clock yeeter. day afternoon. j,The Paris papers publish a telegram from Calcutta, giving the following details of the destruction caused by the late hurricane at Calcutta :—One hundred and ten ships were wrecked and 12,000 persons drowned. The total loss is estimated at 200 millions francs. A great portion of the city WAS inundated, and the villages bordering on the river were under water. BOURSE, 00`. 31. The reponse des prtmes (option) has been made at 64f 60a for the Three per Cents. The market has shown little animation, and in the limited amount of business done prices show a slight decline. Threes, for the Account, are tow at 64f. 600., and Mobilier at 860 f. Railway Market heavy, and some of the lines rather lower. The market left off as follows:- 4i per Cents 92 90 Italian Loan 65 10 Do. end month.... Do. end month 64 95,„ 1 per Cents - Do. end month.... 6t G 5 New Mexican Credit Mobilier.... 870 Russian Do. end month.... 871 25 Austrian Bank Shares 3370 Sp an i s h Threes.... Credit k oncier 1135 dome Debt Roman .. .. Deferred RAIL WATB. Cash. Account. Orleans . B2B 75 .. B=7 50 Northern Lyons and Mediterranean 887 50 ~ 885 Southern ... .. 680 .. 678 75 Western Eastern Sardinian .... ~.. 333 75 .. 332 60 Austrian Loirbard North of Spain Saragossa 465 .. 462 50 Ditto to Barcelona - .. 175 THE GALE. WITHERNSEA, NEAR HULL, 00. 29. At daybreak this morning, at about half tide, with the wind blowing strong from the east, and a roll ing sea and heavy surf on the beach, a large full rigged ship, deeply laden, was discovered within a mile of the shore with the Union Jack run up at the foremast. Seeing the ship in this perilous con dition) it was deemed advisable to launch the Withernsea lifeboat of the National Institution, and if necessary to I ut, a man on board to pilot her. The boat had scarcely besu launched, when the wind veered to the south east, and on the lifeboat ar riving alongside the ship the captain declined any assistance. The wind getting a little more south, and the tide making, the ship get off, and at dark was standing for the north. The veseel was the Marchioness of Queensberry, bound from Quebec to Hull. Had the wind not veered to the south and moderated, the ship could not have got off, and would in all probability have come ashore. The lifeboat was severely tested, and although twice filled with water, behaved splendidly I'he wind has this evening again increased from the east. The cost of this lifeboat was the gift to the Institution of the late Miss Sarah Lechmere, of Hanley Castle. NORTH SUNDERLAND, Oct. 29. A vessel was observed this morning ashore on the Island, and the signals being mistaken owing to the fog and rain, the National Institution lifeboat went off only to find that the shipwrecked men were safe on the Farne, and that her services were not re quired. The weather was very stormy, and has been so for the last ten days, but fortunately nothing so severe as it has been further north, MARKETS—This Day. HAY MARKETS. SMITHFIELD.—Meadow hay, £3 15s to £5 8s ; clover, £5 Os to £6 10s Od ; and straw, £1 7s to £1 108 per load. Trade rather slow. CUMRSRLAND.—Meadow hay, £3 15s to £5 MOs; clover, £5 Os i 0,16 155 Od i and straw, £1 7s to £1 10s per load, Trade steady. WHITECHAPEL,—Meadow hay, £3 15s to £5 8s ; clover, £5 Os to £6 loe Od ; and straw, £1 is to £1 10s per load, A fair demand. COLONIAL. TEA—A moderate buainess has been passing in most kinds, and prices are well support e d, ___ SUGAR—The demand has been limited, but prices have remained without change. Refined kinds are at full rates, owing to the limited quantity in offer. COFFEE—There has been a moderate enquiry, and Colo nial descriptions generally sustain former rates. RICE.—An average amount of business has been done in East India descriptions at about previous prices. TALLOW.—More animation has prevailed in the market, and the transactions for home consumption have been nume rous. A fair speculative business has also been done for forward delivery. P.Y.C. on the spot is quoted 40s 6d, December 42s 3d, and January to March 43s 6d. MADAME TUSSAUD'S. —A full-length model, taken from life, of Franz Muller, who has been hied and con demned to die for murdering the late Mr Briggs in a r way carriage, on the North London line, is now added to Madame Tussaud's Exhibition, in Baker - street. NEW INDIAN BlSUOPRlC, — Arrangements have been completed for the erection of a new bishoprio at Lahore. TOM THUMB.—General Tom Thumb has taken state rooms for his family and suite on board the steamer City of Washington, which leaves for Liverpool on Satur day, Oct. 29. The general retires for ever from public life at the close of the present engagement at the Museum. The Thumb family aro to make the tour of Europe in their pri vate capacity. They intend stopping a few weeks in Gteat Britain and France, and spending the winter in Florence and Rome. Commodore Nutt and Little Minnie Warren will continue to give their public exhibitions in this country. —.Arm York Tribune. Fashions for November. (From Le Folk) The present month offers great facility to the chronicler of fashions, as a decided stamp has now been given both to the form of costumes and the :naterial to be employed. We remark, as the winter season approaches, how much the basques are returning into favour; and we may affirm now that lobes, whatever their tissue, will adopt them generally. It is true it will not be the classic basque worn for the last few years ; on the contrary, the new basque is entirely one of fancy. The habit, with square tails, or tails turned back; the long basques of the veste de chess° ; and the basques de casque, with a broad band, are all in vogue. The paletots and calques are now drawn to the waist by a broad band, making them resemble the blouses. We hope all ladies of taste will protest against this exceedingly ugly and ungraceful style; though we must admit that, how ever unbecoming, a new fashion is readily adopted by novelty-seekers. The material for dresses has assumed a more sombre and heavier appearance. M a may bid adieu to gauses and linons ; poplins, taffets, and reps de loins have taken their place. The novelties in silk are very splendid—Pompadour taffe tas and satins for grand toilette. The white moires, with broad stripes of taffetas in various designs and colours, are especially remarkable for their elegance. Why do young, rich, and elegant ladies prefer wearing dresses decidedly mourning in their appearance, suoh as a black or black and grey robe, trimmed with jet, and ear rings and buckle to match ? It must be allowed that som bre colours are better for the complexion; and black espe cially is very becoming to almost every one. This, then, may be the true cause for its preference, and so good a one that we need seek no other. Now the steel-coloured and grey moire antique, silk grey gros grains, and grey terry velvet, are in demand ; and who is not possessed of a black moire antique or a violet taffetas ? Velvet and oloth are making their appearance, and it is probable that velvet will, as last year, be adopted for all descriptions of toilettes. S.) long as the temperature does not compel us to envelope ourselves in winter clothing, par dessus of the same material as the dress, with vestes and corsages in all makes, will be seen. Evening dresses are made with pans and basques formed of lace and silk. Embroidered dresses will be very fashion able this winter. Satin, embroidered wick twisted silk, or chenille, has a very good appearance. Bonnets next claim our attention. With the winter sea son feathers will appear; but before winter—that is to say, before velvet becomes general in demand—we have autumn, with the taffetas capotes, which are all the fashion now, and are ornamented with flowers. For example--upon a brownish grey capote, a colour most hn vogue at present, is placed a bunch of large purple velvet flowers, with grapes and ornaments of pearl beads. A lilac silk oapote may be trimmed with a wreath of vio let heart's-ease mixed with leaves of velvet, placed all round the front, and under the crown in lieu of a curtain. Most bonnets now have, in place of the curtain, a narrow lace frill, bouillonnes, ccques of ribbon, or wreaths of flowers. A branch of flowers placed on the side, and partly veiled by lace or bouillonnes, comprise the arrangement of these coquettish coiffures. Bonnets become smaller and smaller, so much so that one is likely to exclaim—" Is it possible they can flt any lady's head ?" But when worn, we are constrained to say, they are most graceful and becoming to the face. 03111 *SI iho 14 - 1 - 1.14 r -- •- • Ortul HER MAJESTY. WINDSOR CASTLE, Oct. 3 The Queen, attended by Lady Augusta Star walked and drove in the grounds this morning His Royal Highness Prince Arthur, attended Lieutenant-Colonel the Hon D. de Ros, went shooting. Visit of :the Prince and Princess of WI to Liverpool. At the meeting of the Liverpool Town Council yeste the Mayor stated that, having heard of the intended vi the Prince of Wales to the Earl of Derby at Knov Hall, he had thought it his duty to communicate with L)rdship on the subject, in order that the council migl prepared to adopt any measures which might be consic desirable on the occasion. He had received the fol!o reply from the Earl of Derby : "Knowsley, Oct. 23, 18( "Dear Sir,—l regret that I cannot give you any cei intelligence as to the time of the Prince of Wales's here, except that it will not be early in November. I not even sure that his Royal Highness will be here al as I received yesterday a letter from General Knollys ti that his Royal Highness still hopes to be able to pa) promised visit, and thinks ho can do so between the and 20th November. He will, however, write to me im diately on his return to England. When I first lea two or three months ago, that I was to have the honor receiving the Prince and Princess, I expressed my / that their Royal Highnesses would be able to spare tim give a day to Liverpool; but as yet I have received no i mation of their intentions, or the probable length of t stay. As soon as I have anything certain, I will take that you, or should your year of office have expired, 3 successor, shall have immediate information.—l am, Sir, yours, "DERBY. The Duke and Da3hess of Newcastle and tt youthful family purpose to leave Piccadilly to-morro' pass a few weeks in retirement at Brighton. The Duke of Somerset, Rear Admiral Drummo C. 8., and the other Gffloials connected with the Admire arrived at Marseilles on Saturday, in the Enchants Admiralty yacht, from Matta. They reached Paris terday, and purpose to make a short stay in the Fre capital. 1118 Excellency M. Arajoiz, it is said, will be ceived in the course of this week by the Queen as Masi Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of St. James's. The Marquis Conyagham is expected to arrive town to-Jay from Ireland. The Earl and Countess Russell and the Lai Russell leave Pembroke Lodge, Richmond, on Mon next, for Audley Park, Lord and Lady Stanley of Aid ley's seat, near Congieton, for the purpose of being pres at the marriage of Viscount Amberley and the Hon. Kat rine Stanley. The EArl and Countess of Clarendon and Lti Emily Villiers have arrived in town from the Continent The Earl of C)ventry has lett Tnomas's Hot Berkeley-square, for his seat, Croome Court, Worcest shire. Viecount Torrington and Mr Whitworth ha arrived at the Portland Hotel, Southeea, from London. We understand that the Queen has gracious signified her wish to stand godmother to the infant son 1 1 heir of Lord and Lady Churchill. Lord and Lady Bloomfield were expected arrive at the Dowager Lady Bloomfield's residence at Its land-gate, Knightsbridge, yesterday evening from Far where they arrived on Saturday from Vienna. The Right Hon. the Chancellor of the Exchece has returned to Hawarden Castle from Cluraber. ' CHIMNEY SWEEPERS.—The Lord Mayor, in CO l pliance with a request from the Home Secretary, that would take steps for making the provisions of "The ad ( ney-sweepers Regulation Act, 1861," which comes into q ration this day, generally known within the city, has deal' fit to issue this notice, containing an abstract of that a' and of the act of 1840, as amended by it and now in fort acts.—The principal act is the 3d and 4th Vic-, C 35, passed on the 7th August, 1840, which came into op ration on the Ist July, 1842. The new act is the 27th a l 28th Vict., cap. 37, passed on the 30th June, 1864. Ai of Children to be Apprenticed.—Since the passing of I Act of 1840 it is not " lawful to apprentice to an y paw using the trade or business of a chimney sweeper any o bi under the age of 16 years ;" and every indenture of au( apprenticeship entered into after that date is null and (Act of 1810, sec. 3). Offences created and the Penalti [section 6 of the Act of 1840 contained regulations as to ti construction of chimneys, but that section was repealed) tar as respects the metropolis, by the Building Act, 7th al Bth Vict., cap. E 4, sec. 1. Rules for the same object are no contained in the Metropolitan Building Act, 18 and 19 Vic cap. 122, sec, 20] .—Corolelling or allowing Children to clip ] Chimneys—" Any person who shall compel or knowing' allow any child or young person under the age of 21 years ascend or descend a chimney, or enter a flue, for the puil) of sweeping, cleaning, or coring the same, or for extingu i ! ing fire therein,"—penalty not more than £lO, or in 11e thereof imprisonment for not exceeding 6 months, with ( without hard labour (Act of 1840, sec. 2, as amended b . Act of 1864, secs. 9 and 11). Child ren un d er 10 no t to I employed in Business.—"-It shall not be lawful for a chili ney-sweeper to employ a child under the age of 10 yes to do or assist in doing any work or thing in or 001 the trade or business of such chimney-sweeper 0 3 where than within the house or place of business of 51 1( chimney-sweeper, or theyard or buildings (if auy) connect ( therewith." Penalty, not exceeding £lO (Act of 1664, sec 6 and 8). No persons under 16 to be with chimney-sweep where employed.—" It shall not be lawful for a sweeper on any occasion of his entering a house or build" for the purpose of sweeping, cleaning, or coring a chiU or flue therein or belonging thereto, or for extinguishing fit in any such chimney or flue, to cause or knowingly allow person under the age of 16 years in his employment or uncle his control to enter before, with, or after him in any o' l of such house or building, or to be therein for any part 4 the time during which such chimney sweeper himself co] duties therein for any such purpose as aforesaid' Penalty, not exceeding £lO (Act of 1864, secs. 7 and! Proceedings for Penalties.—Any person may prosecute the offences, the proceedings being commenced with l six months. In any prosecution of a chimney-sweeP el where the age of any young person or child comes in qu el tion, the proof of the age lies on the defendant (Ads 43 . 1861, sec. 10). The hearing of a charge, when the 40 1,01 committed within the city, must take place before the .1-M 1 Mayor or one of the aldermen; in the district of a metr o politan police-court, before a police magistrate; a nd JO where, before two or morejustices or the stipendiary rOg i'3 trate (Aot of 1840, see. 7, and general Acts). -where pecuniary penalty imposed, it and the costs attending t , il recovery are to be levi e d by di stress and sale of goods of t P defendant (Act of 1810, sec. 7); and in default of pay - me 33 the defendant is to be imprisoned for not exceeding t% months (sec. 8). Pecuniary penalties recovered , un fit either act are to be thus applied —one half to the inforrnol and the other half to the overseers or managers of the poo of the parish where the offender dwells, in aid of the po rate (Act of 1840, sec. 7; Act of 1864, sec 5). The per (3°l convicted may appeal to the Quarter Sessions on nerta l: Conditions as to notice, &e. (Act of 1840, sec 11). 04 1 question of law, either party dissatisfied with the d,ecisia l may appeal to one of the superior Courts. A MYSTERIOUS SHlP.—Captain Shield, of fiv barque Springbok, reports the following :—" 18,1861, in latitude (by observation) 78 dog. N., longitua (by chronometer) 31 deg. 12 min. W. At 1 p,ni, sight ° a vessel, which bore down upon us and curie within hailia distance ; have to, and showed us a bi ack board with deg., 9 min. on it, being 18 degrees out. I SS him several questions, such as, What is t 1) matter with y ou ?" Do you want anything , Are you leaky ?" Where from and whe r bound ?' but all I could get out of him was, Captain, I cl not underst a nd wh at you say, ' although it. very pla it English, he called out several times, Heave your ship I . o ' There appeared to be no confusion on board, and the r wore about forty men on deck ; and as I feared sometbiol was seriously wrong on board the vessel, I bore up in chim e but soon found th a t s h e could outstrip me, and; had give it up. Thought by the rig, &c., that she was ho t up the Straits of Gibraltar. 'While talking to hi tn why seemed to be in charge, a woman appeared at the topwall° forecastle, shouting as loudly as she could, at the sam shaking her hands towards us and wringing them evi het head, evidently in great distress. The man in chargo about six feet in h e i g ht a n d s t ou t. Wh en I had hove //I at once kept away under our stern. I thought he was ri.lo heaving to also, but his helm was put up and all sail 10 in a remarkably short time, and while doing this the perol in charge was observed to throw the woman doss n an drive her aft. I was about ordering my hands i ato boats when he made sail.—port _Elizabalt (Cape of GI Q Hope) Paper. UNJUSTIFIABLE VULPECIDE.—Some few dal , f l d ago a sly lox entere d the dwelling - house of Mr Arn(P-hi Catas Farm, near H eather. H o made his entrance thro ug; the parlour w i n d ow, and went very or d erly upstairs to be While having a sweet repose the housekeeper opened t ij o room door, and to her surprise observed Reynard—who thought was a dog—in bed. She informed the master the tact, but ho not taking much notice of it s he told th ploughman, who went to see if the intruder had made o b t i nit, but he had not. He became alarm e d, and ran of f inform the waggoner, who immediately went, with Club le hand to defend himself. Reyn ar d was s till as l ee p, an d ,, t io l waggoner dealt him a heavy bl ow on th e h ea d a nd I"' him while in his cozy position,—LOiCeseOr The Foyal Sovereign at Sea. The attempt made, by shelving the Royal Sovereign, to prevent any real knowledge of her capabilities reaching the public ear has, in one sense, been made a little too late. We are enabled to state confidently that the vessel has already been severely tested, and that the results obtained have been so entirely satisfactory that it is simply impossible for the Admiralty to refuse Captain Coles another ship. It is probable that no man living knows the capabili ties of the Royal Sovereign better than her commander, Captain S. Osborn. With all her defects he must be equally familiar, and no good reason can be assigned for appealing from his decision. Capt. Osborn's report is to the last degree favourable. Between the 28th of August and the 17th of September he had the ship under weigh in the Channel on ten different occasions, testing her in every variety of weather, from perfect calm with heavy swell to a double-reefed topsail breeze and a smart sea. On one occasion the ship was put into the broken water of Portland Race just as a heavy gale had broken. On all occasions the ship behaved remarkably well, proving herself not only a buoyant seaboat, but much faster than one would suppose was consistent with her coarse bows. Under the most trying circumstances the maximum roll of the ship has been but 11 degreci each way, doing this at the rate of about ten times in a minute. The great width of the deck, 63 feet, is a serious defect, but that is purely owing to the ship being a converted vessel, and Capt. Osborn is perfectly well aware that this width is in no way necessary to the turret system. As it is, when riding at anchor in bad weather, the drift and wet blow along in a very trying manner, but as the ship has no masts the crew do not really suffer in con sequence, and a sea-going ship would of course be spe. cially designed to prevent this exposure. So much for the qualities of the ship as such. As a man-of-war, we learn that the turrets and guns work admira bly, in all 177 rounds have been fired under every condition, and the rolling of the ship affects neither the evolutions of the turret nor the guns. The only defects discovered by Captain Osborn appear to lie in the use of wooden instead of iron gun carriages, and the absence of winches to run the guns in and out with instead of the old-fashioned tackle. Both these defects are in course of being remedied. Captain Osborn believes that the Royal Sovereign, as she now stands, is the most formidable vessel of war which he has ever been en board of. She would destroy easily, if her guns were rifled, any of our present ironclads, whether of the Hector, Warrior, or—and Mr Reed should dwell on this—the Research class, Clumsy as she has been called, her real handiness, speed, and weight of broadside, and the small target she offers, increase ten fold her powers of attack and defence. While he has such facts as these in his favour, Capt. Coles can laugh to scorn the various attacks made on him by the opponents of his sys tem. Apparently there is no limit to the weight of the guns which can be worked on the turret system. It must not be forgotten, too, that the Royal Sovereign requires but 300 hands, instead of 1,100. Even now, in this time of our peace, we find that men are scarce, and hard to get ; what would it be in time of war ? Let us add that during the time the Royal Sovereign has been at sea a single gun breeching has not been carried away, nor so much as a finger hurt in working her enormous guns. The only damage done has been to a few weak fittings on the deck. For that done to the hawse pipe Captain Osborn takes all the blame to himself.—Mechanics' Magazine. Melancholy Occurrence at Sea. EIGHT LIVES LOST. One of the most painful and heart-rending incidents which have transpired during the late gale was witneessed by the crew of the brig Sovereign, Captain Jackson, on her passage from Vyborg to West Hartlepool. The Sovereign arrived at West Hartlepool on Friday night, and the cap. tain reports that on Thursday he was some distance from Hartlepool in a gale of wind and with a heavy sea run ning. About half-past eleven o'clock in the morning he was steeling the vessel, and was suddenly startled by voices crying out " Brig ahoy I" He called out to the man on watch to know where it proceeded from, and for a few moments they could not perceive any one; but looking behind they discovered a small " dingey," or ship's boat, with seven men and a boy in it. One of them had a small 'leg on a stick waving it as a signal of distress, and beckoning the men to turn the vessel round. All hands were called on deck and the ship's course was speedily altered, and in a short time the vessel was close to the poor fellows, who were being tossed about in their little craft, in momentary expectation of being swamped. On nearing them it was seen that the occupants of the boat were sailors, and one, who was taken for the captain, was steering the boat with an oar. They appeared to be quite exhausted, as though they had been shipwrecked the previous day, and had been fighting between life and death with the surging waves without either food or water; in fact, there was nothing in the boat but a saw and a life-buoy. A line was immediately hove to the boat, and eagerly caught by the men, who by its aid hauled themselves up to the side of the ship. One of the men in the boat caught hold of the chain fasten ings of the rigging for the purpose of keeping the boat close to the ship, but a heavy sea caught the vessel, and pitching it to a side lifted the man out of the boat. Finding himself in this position he let go, and„fell into the boat at the fore most part of it with his feet, his head going over into the water. On his companions seeing his danger they sprang forward to keep him in the boat, but in doing so they upset their little craft, and the whole of them were pitched into the sea. Two of the men kept hold of the small line that had been pitched to them, and were dragged a short distance with the vessel, which was sailing under close -reefed top sails, but the pitching they received by the sea overcame their strength, and they had to let go. They appeared to be swimmers, and were vainly following in the track of the ship, but only a few moments elapsed and they sank, Others were trying to mount the inverted boat, but they were no sooner on it than a heavy sea washed them off. Others were waving and calling out for help, and for a moment disappearing under the water and then rising again, renewing their signs for assistance, Gradually they all went down, but one kept up about five minutes longer than the rest, who was supposed to be the captain, who had the life-buoy in his hand in the boat. About ten minutes afterwards nothing but the inverted boat was to be seen, and in five minutes more a schooner, directed by signals from the brig, passed immediately the spot where they had gone down, but no signs of life were to be seen. The captain of the Sovereign believed tho poor fellows who have come to so untimely an end were the crew of some Swedish vessel, as they had the appearance of Swedes, and a boat similar to thime used by such ships. Sonic of them could speak English, but with a fvreigii acceut.—.A r ewcast(e Chronicle.