The Sun. — London, England, 1818-07-01 00:00:00

LITERARY REVIEW. AN VNIVERSAL HISTORY, 'I weittv-fotir Books. Trans lated from the German of JOIIN VON M Three LONGMAN, 11URS T, REES, ORME, and BuowN, Paternoster-row. A translation of INlutiiitt's Universal nistdry has long been a desideiation to our national lite rature. We ale happy to observe, that it has at I`7'itztli hceii exernted in a manure to saiisgy the most tastidioos jo , lement. Tlartre of NIULLEtt .)as lona twtmbeld in veneration by the literary part of Europe. As the eloquent and enlightened Annalist of Sivizetland, he has been the object of universal homae,e. Like our own immortal GIB- IsoN, he had conceived almost in childhood a pre dilection for the cttolv of hi , tory, which, during all 'lie viri:sittoles of his active mcritotions life, continued to be his favomite pursuit, or rather perhaps 11;s predominant passion. It is an advantage of the present work, that it originated in the author's laudable ambition to exieml his intellectual attainments, and that the rui:iiue was inskorsibly formed, from the methods adopter! '1( - ) accelerate his progress in letters and Phil ,, s(VlY. In the various extracts and memo- . randa collected for this 'purpose, lie was cautious to admit roue of accuracy, or eq iien cal authority. Ilablis of diligente and diserimi 'ration were thus formed, Which are the rarest qualities of un-historian, and constitute his best title to lime. It was long before INIut.LER ventured to propose to himself the 2 - it(111011S IllitleltAdlig he was des tined to achieve ; it was not till alter a proha ion of thirty years that lie hegan to prepare his Uni versal for the press, which was filially ushrred into the world as a posthumous publica tion. The most prominent feature of this work is its luminous atrangement. He unravels the intri cate clue of chronology with ease and grace, he marshals the various revolutions of distant em pires, lie dt ve!opes the systems of ancient and modern titnes uith equal brevity and perspicuity, and without he , zarding crude speculations or in dulging tam ift:l conjectures ; his object is to comptise within the smallest limits the greatest possible sum of knowledge, and he has actually consolidated all the erudition and learning to be collected in au immense library in three octavo volumes. _ As a specimen of the manner in which this able tr,m , lation is exectited, tie subjoi❑ a passage ex trtcled from the concluding pages:— ‘Vben we embrace, in one comprehensive glance, the dif ferent families of the human race and the whole theatre of the world, we cannot avoid remarking, that there are some regions of the globe, and Rnite nations, which have not yet fully attained the condition appointed for them by destiny; which seems to have ordained, that the manifold capabilities of our nature shall be alternately developed throughout the ttoirerse, according to the various degrees of influence exer tised by physiCal causes, and by traditional civilization. We behold revolutions which terminate either in barbarism or in slavery; we see nations which have not yet experienced the whole influence of that avarice and that lust of power dis played by Europeans ; and we perceive the inhabitants of our grulrter of the globe to,be endowed with an energy and ge nius which stimulate then; to the must arduous enterprises, and their actual situation to be such, that any great political convulsion would suffice to produce a sensible re-action on the mist remote corners of the earth, and to fill with civi rzed inhabitants regions as yet unexplored by human eyes. We are, at tie same time, so powerful and so impotent, that on the one hand, if the people of Europe should neglect their own interests; or if they, or even individuals among them, should stiddenly be inspired by any strong impulse of enthusiasm ; the most important effects could not fail to be produced on the moral condition of the whole human race : and on the other, these great movements, when they shall have been once aroused, will act unexpectedly, and even in despite of the will of their first authors. However incoMplete may be the display presented by this history of the secret causes, the nature and the catenation - of the greatest events, it has at least sufficed to show that they have taken place under the guidance of superior coun sels. Their plan in feed is unknown, their progress un searchable but we are able clearly to discern that fortune and power are 'obtained by re.solution, activity, and sound judgment; and that. on the contrary, sloth and irresolution, and every thing that impedes the development of our innate powers, are the cause; of destruction, both to states and in dividuals.• History is incapable of teaching what is to be done in each particular conjuncture, because the attendant circumstances are infinitely diversified ; but she presents us with these general results of the experience of all nations arid all ages r—” Act well your part in the station, whatever it he, in which fate has placed you; let nothing suitable to that station appear too high for you to undertake, ❑othing so low as to be neglected." These are the means which pro duce the greatness of kings ; which bestow on the man of ge nius unfading laurels ; and which enable the private citizen to place his family above the inconveniences of poverty an( a servile condition. And now stand forth, ye gigantic forms, shades of the first Chieftains, and Sons of Gods, who glimmer among the rocky balls and mountain fortresses of the ancient world ; am! you, Conquerors of the world from -Babylon and from Macedonia : ye Dynasties of Csesars, of Huns, Arabs, Moguls, and Tar tars; ye Commanders of the Faithful on the Tigris, and Com manders of the Faithful on the banks of Tiber; you hoary Counsellors of Kings, and Peers of Sovereigns; Warrio►s on the car of triumph, covered with scars and i crowned with laurels ; ye long rows of Consuls and Dictators, famed for your lofty minds, your unshaken constancy, your ungovern able spirit;—stand forth, and let us survey for a while your assembly, like a council of the gods. What were ye? The first among mortals ? Seldom cats you claim that title ! The best of men ? Still fewer of you have deserved such praise ! Were ye the compellers, the instigators of the human race, the prime movers of all their works ? Rather let us say that you were the instruments, that you were the wheels, by whose means the invisible Being has conducted the incomprehen sible fabric of Isis universal government, amidst incessant clamour and tumult, across the ocean of time. At every movement of the inachine, the great Spirit that moves upon the waters proclaims this maxim of wisdom, " Be temperate and maintain order l" Whoever listens not to the voice, is speedily chastizefl : how terrible the punishment of those who neglect thr.admonition is the lesson which history displays. SIR AL\X',VELL'S commlnii,Es. Yesterday a numerous assemblage of the FRIEN6S Sir 'M. NiAxwitt.t..dined together e; WILLIS'S Rooms. The principal object of the Meeting was to excite the individuals Whn•at tended tr . , immediate personal exertion it► bring ing forward their friends to the poll. The grand dining-room was nearly filled with the n►ost re spectable company, including great numbers of tl►e in ost Wealthy, loyal, and independent Electors of IVesttninster. After an excellent dinner, Non Nobis Dom ink wa s sling in fine style by Messrs. Taylor, Tinny, Pyne, &c. and the health of the King (in silence); the Queen, and the Plince Regent, were drank with 11:e usual testimonies of respect. Lilts, the Chairmait, filet) gave— " The llouse 7 of Brunswick, anti may they never forget the principles that placed them on the Throne."— ( Enthusiastic applause.) After the usual toasts of " the Duke of York and the Army," and the " Duke of Clarence and the Navy," the Chairman proposed— " The Electors of Westminster, and may their wisdom in the selection of a ItepresentatiVe set an example to the latest po , teuity."—l'his was drank With the utmost degree of At this moment, the Election flag was dkplay ed trout the gallery lust ovr)- the chair, surmount ed wi!h orange colours, with the inscription of " Church, King, and Constitution," in letters of gold. Lnignage is inadecluate to describe the cheerings which teSounded through the assem blage. These ,t,rratnlations wet e continued fol. some minutes, and echoed from the streets. Mr. ELLis then rose to propose the health of Sir Murray Maxwell, aWL A in a most excellent speech set forth the professional merits and tide= 7 pendent character Of that excellent and - Gentletnan. However highly the company might estimate the conduct of that gallant Officer, it was not for himself, but fat' the general ca6se, that theY were induced to support him. The contest in which we were involved was one of the greatest morhent to all the Electors ; and it derived additional im:- portance from the City containing the Seats of Justice and of the Senate of the Country. 'fine eyes of the whole kingdom were therefore fixed on the Electors of Westminster, and not, Only of the whole kingdom, but of all Europe.—(Loud applause.)—The present contest was one of all the crimes that were known to human twine against all the virtues—of general liberty against national ,slavcry.—(Shouts of applause.)—The gallant Offi cer, whom the present Meeting would succeed in placing at the head of the poll, was most ardently de voted to the constitutional liberty of the country.— , (Loud applause.)—He was not a friend of Annual Parliaments or Universal Salrage.—(Laughter.) —lie then entered into an admirable historical comparison of ancient and modern political prin ciples, comparing our present Constitution to the invulnerable architecture of the ancients, and the of the modern Reformers to the slim and fragile erections of the hustings. Lie then re verted to the character of Sir Murray Maxwell, which he pronounced to be ,above all eulogy : there was not a man amongst all his political op ponents, who, if he knew any thing of him, did not love hint and respect him. lie was one of those quiet characters who could not resort to theatrical parade and declamation, in order to make an impression for political purposes.— (Loud applause.)—He was a man full of sim plicity in his manners, of singleness in his heart, and soundness in his judment. The Electors of Westminster were reproached for having brought that man forward ; but lie was a man against whom the most virulent of his opposers could not find a single faith. lie had, indeed, been ill-used and insulted, but it was not the feeling of the po pulace that had caused the outrage ; it was the consequence of a few individuals using the power of speaking and inflaming t'he minds of those who would not take the trouble to think—inflatning them for the most detestable of purposes. They vhto said the friends of Sir Murray Maxwell called the people who assembled in the front of the hust ings a rabble outraged and libeled them, anti the Committees might appe , l to Heaven to ex cuse them for their outrages, by saying in the words of the Scripture, " Father, they know not what they do !" The independent Electors ought only to feel contempt f. , r those who play on the feelings of the populace. Ile then proceeded to pass a just and animated enlogium nn the character of Sir M. Maxwell, and earnestly invited the company to make individual exertion daily and hourly, in order that, by placing Sir Mut ray Maxwell at the head of the poll, the na tional character might be rescued from the odium tinder altich it had laboured. The present con test • for Westminster had exhibited principles which had nothing to do with the Constitution. We had attained the present enviable height of our civil and political liberties by avoiding a civil war, and it was the interest and duty of every independent individual to prevent the recurrence of such a calamity, by preserving the barriers of the Constitution against the assaults of -a mis led and infuriate populace—to behave like the men who defended the pass of Thermopylw— few words but strong actions.—(Loud applause ) lie then proceeded to descant on the indepen dent character of Sir M. INTaxwell. l--le had been reviled as the Treasury Candidate ; but he would take upon himself to say for his friend, that there never was a Candidate who had less trea sures at his command.—(Applause.)—lle gave an animated picture of the c, nfusion, anarchy, and desolation which would ensue from a mobocratic Government, and exhorted the company to return Sit' Murray Maxwell, as a man who would do his utmost to prevent the ascendancy of a few despots, whose only object was to reduce the people to the most abject slavery. He did not believe that the people were against them ; he would say, in the spirit of the Founder of our Religion, they knew not what they did. They were acted upon by speakers who were their worst ene mies. Of his Gallant Friend, now on the bed of sickness, he could only say, that kindness was the law of his heart ; that he abhorred all constraint, and that, should they return him to Parliament, his first object would be to miti gate the sufferings of the class of wen be belong ed to. It was not the character of himself-and his gallant friend to throw odium on others.; but he must say, that Government was no't a matter of 7 . .peculat'ion, it was a rcircHimive science, upon which they posses'sed facts to judge. Na tural history c'f!nild not enioy the light of experi ment too much ; but it was otherwise with Go ver►►ment. Oti ancestors had furnished a solid clip, and Would they dissolve it in the crucible of revolutionary woe ? He hoped for the influence of their advice, and for no other influence. What, indeed, would he tl►e effect of the delusions held out to the populace ? They would have a set of despots in that case ; and the cause of trite freedom was never better represented than by Sir NI. Maxwell, whose health he begged leave to propose. The heallt of Sir Murray Maxwell was then drank with waving of handkerchiefs and huzzas which lasted some tire. Mr. WlLLocit. now gave the health of Mr. Ellis, with three time three ; soon after, Mr. al.'s rose, and returned thanks. What ever might be the events of his life, he hoped he should long continue to deserve the frienthhip of Sir M. Maxwell. If he had served his cause, which was the came of his country, Le Sues satis fied with that prsise. Mr. Taylor sung " The Lads of the Ocean;" and these words were afterwards given by the Chairman as a toast. Captain thee, as one of the lads of the ocean, took the liberty to Ilse, in con s equence of the • toast which had been given. He never had ad dressed 'a public meeting bur once before, and then he Was not listened to: He Ivas not, how ever, on that occasion embarrassed, because the subject on which he wis!sed to speak was one to ‘ehieli he had paid attention for many years. But now, though he wished to call their attention to the same subject, he was greatly embarrassed,. Mint g tinder the necessity of addressing them after the eloquent speech they had just hem!. The Subject to which he meant to allude involved grounds on which Sir M. Maxwell could f a irly rest his claim to represent this City in Parliament. Ile should ItOI pretend•to state that his profession of a Naval Officer gave his friend that claim. There might be, lie was aware, both advantages and disadvantages in the choice of a Naval Officer; but there was one important consideration, name ly, that' the naval service was like the Constito- tion itself, not altogether incapable of improve intent, and that Sir M. Maxwell was dispOsed to exert himself to procure that improvement. Every man whO valued liberty must feel regret at the ex istence of the practice of impressieg seamen, though it could not be denied that it had been al.r attended with numberless good effects, in fa cilitating the mantling of our Heets, and enabling us w secure victory. But surely the determina lion of an individual to devote his time and. 'for tune to the reform of that system must he a good recommendation to the Electors of lVestminster. Now Sir Murray Maxwell had made a public de claration, that he will do his best to remove this evil, and for that alone he deserved the suffiages of the Electors of this great city. His object was to encourage sailors to enter the Navy, by treatiug them with gentleness and kindness, and in time, perhaps, to do away with the necessity of impressment. \Vonld they neglect the favonr able opportunity offered them, when an Officer like Sir Murray Maxwell came before them, and pledged himself to this line of conduct ?, There were other soljects connected with the 'Navy, with respect to. which Sir M. Maxwell's services in Parliament would be highly useful; There were various items of expenditure connected with the stores, provisions, &c. in the navy, which none but an Officer in that service could properly investigate. All these matters would be strictly enquired into by Sir•M. Maxwell, when he should have a seat in the House of Commons, and the public in general, as well as the Electors of Westminster, would therefore be benefitted by his return. A Gentleman suggested that each person pre sent should pledge himself to bring three voters to the poll. This proposition was generally ap proved. Mr. ELLts now proposed the healths of the Gentlemen who had undertaken the office of sup porting Sir M. Maxwell. as Committee-men. lie observed, that as a General was nothing without his.soldiers, so neither was a Candidate of iniport ance it unassisted by a Committee. The Gen tlemen whi) supported Sir M. Maxwell were vo lunte.ers ; yet they sacrificed their time and com forts with a constancy that might put some regu lars to the blush ; and their Captain, he must add, was worthy of them. , He believed that his gallant friend was independent in the tritest sense, for he neither feared the frowns nor courted the smiles of Power, while lie disdained to deceive the people by truckling to those who, professing friendship, were the basest of enemie, to them.— (Loud cheers.)—Such was the character of his gallant friend; and if they wished for an honest man, unpresuming in point of pretensi6ns, who delighted to encounter the enemies of his coml.- try on that element where only an Englishman took root, and who scorned their deluders on land, that man was unquestionably Sir Mort ay Maxwell. After a number of convivial songs, the com pany at a late hour separated. It was harmony and glee. Nothing like acrimony wai seen all was benevolence and hilarity. We are concerned to find that a disposition to riot was manifested at Dunfermline, upon Wed nesday evening, connected with the electioneer ing bustle, during which the windows of the inn were broke, and some ,other windows. Some Gentlemen were abused, but . the constables hav ing assembled, and secured, eleven of the rioters, tranquillity was restored. A party of the Scots . Greys, who were sent tor, and left Edinburgh on Thursday evening, were stopped at North Queensferry, where they still remain. Much praise is due to Provost WILSON, I3ailics MaL• DRUM and SCOTLAND, and the other Magistrates and respectable inhabitants, whose firmness and forbearance, with the aid of the civil power, pre vented the mischief which was threatened.--- (Edinburgh Courant, June 27) Ott Monday night Wortley, the constable, np 7 Prekmded a woman in the act of breaking into the Treasury at Vauxhall-gardens. THEAT It 1 C 1, 11 E6ISf • P i-m erinut Last Nigh:. K . o.7::'sTtirtATar..—ll bon Giovanni. End of the first Act , La Veil! , After the Opera, 1.0 Donsouttotie• n=t, ROYAL, DftttßY-LaNF..—The Stratagem' Doricon . rt, Mr. Eltiston; Letitia klardy, Mrs. Pavi s " • After which, The M . agyie. Tit Eal COI" ENT-GA RDEN.—Cyrn benne rachiruo, Mr. Youinz ; Mi,s S. Booth. After which, A1"c1.d,;,,r1.. Tel EAT RE Ito VA I, ENU LI S OPERA, STRA NEL—My Connnudove Jokely; Nr.pinlley ; Ellen, Miss Love• which, Fire and Water, with The Padlock. To which added, A Ballet Divertisent.ent. For WESTMINSTE It ETECTION, See the Last ' MAILS. AltravED-1 Waterford. Du E.-1 Gottj) e.:urgh, Hamburgll' PRICE 0 STOCKS Tlll3 PAY AT rwEI,VP; 2 per Cent. Red. 734 1 2 44 Bills, 1d...125. 155• Ji per Cent stiif Ditto, d........ 14 5 . 4 per Cents n i f Bank L. Ann.— 2(4 5-Itiths Cutts. for A c count..• • 70 . s India Bonds— 38s. pr. • HIGH WA'PER AT LONDON 1311.1.0•NIORKOW*, • Milting, 30 minutes after 1. I Evenin DdE g, 'lminutes after " THE .SUN: SOLEM QUIS DIC::ltt: FALSUM A UUEAT ? LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JULY 1, 1313. The Paris Papei:s - of Sunday last, which we re due tl►is morning, I►uve not arrived, The efforts of the Bwrdetales slacken on e t Poll, but their Orators are not less strenuous °3 the 1 - 10StingS. Mr. KINNAIRD, who seems to i t° . caught the itch for notoriety, aatl is infected jo no slight degree, again harangued the people in fa ; your of their Idol Sir FRANCIS, who is still a frai ' to spew his face in public. Mr. KINNAIRD claimed against the introduction of THE MlLtrii °v ; in order to suppress a tumult that had produce, the most serious injuries, and that threa t e ue( consequences of the most alai ruing nature. Wall s . . the Banker wish to see the reign of generulP ingde and massacre commence, and be carried iat e the most triumphant career ? He rnir , 7 51 6 '1 ; that his shop would not escape, amidst the "":: versol Plunder of the Universal &pager'. 'r i b ' re flimsy, yet inflammatory Orator, knows th at CIVIL POWER, in great force, had atteinP let. , suppress the riot, but in vain ; and there is 0° 541- . n whether, by the instigation o f such Denl e b i()i l ' i c Speakers as himself, a general confusion nl " g not have been extended all over the Medr°1“ )11 1 ,; if the Magistrates had not resorted to protection. Mr. KlN:swab bad better retd i ,.. to his counter, for be will certainly Ot the et ease the confidence of his CUSIONICIS by bs Isirt which lie is now acting, even rf strengthens his firm by the addition of Gaol as .one of its Partners. By the way, Gaol . 1 ' 7 1 . 4 , is the better Orator of the tiro, and if + 11. • NAIRD felt more for the cause, and less of Ili' o f desire of notoriety, lie would leave the suPP °l :,d i t Sir FRANCIS to the rival Orator. But ac t ! t has such a fellow as Gaol JONES to 0 1°55 Citi b ' people at all, except in his own Debal'bv where lie follows the trade of an Orato r? d it KINNAIRD collies from a noble 311 t o f is to be regretted, that a lamentable ` °ll : o iti judgment, or an egregious portion of vallitY' o ficl have induced him .to intrude himself iu t° pL ot ip first in his ridiculous pretensions to a s % re' Parliament for Westminster, and ne%t ' n i t ; op lo prehensible character of an agitator of t he je whom he once, its the unlucky expressloo ° f opt true feelings and opinions, denominated therg°oo, which he was obliged to recant and 113tic'. under a the rebuke of the dc.r (led and u tisel . 0 1 iibo W s% HUNT. We cannot (pit Mr. KINNAIRD 000 noticing that he brought forward an an 07 7, 1 01 letter yesterday, purporting to be from 3 o f Officer, protesting against the r eturn 090 . 0 ' Naval Officer for a Seat for W estilli co o o . Who was this anonymous Scribbler that ashfcl oppose a gallant Naval Officer of dislitlfloicer, merit If the Writer were really a Nav al vice is he feels little for the honour of the set frool wishing to exclude one of its chief ornanlell t „ ve to a seat in Parliament. Are not s the Navy often introduced into Pailiament° O Et i n ion cussion, and who so lit' to give an op " I) /4 professional man, particularly one 0; .scs Pos se. Sir MURRAY MAXWELL, who „ i! 1 I' ll " 14 only great talents, with extensive gc--- ra e a, lib r. it w _ „ ledge, but a power - of displaying disg° and manly eloquence ? But we turn With heroic JoNE s, t he from such a triumvirate as Gaol notic e e HUNT, and the oratorical Banker, t° „ objects rela ai noo Dinner which ,took place yesterday Ivo Friends of Captain Sir M. MAX" ELL. et 3 00 1 C , th e g C R a o l oN i i i s d . at I L ) , s p vv o l k , Whit) a o c i c h o , c p A t i v c 0 it 0 C 1. 0 ° : , torn with all the warmth of esteem, derive" te I o ccu r° c t he opportunity of close observation 311( 00" be perience, and pronounced him to e e t.. most amiable and judicious m en % sr , 0 li;LDP' tie ever met with through life. • arty, a pct, , was altogether characterized b y .„e loy t ioo Wit" sound knowledge of the Col ti ot IQ, t t , t 1 ' gl lk 111+1