The Sun. — London, England, 1809-04-19 00:00:00

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF PEERS, TUESDAY, APRIL 18. The House, in a Committee of ,Privileges, heard Counsel on the Claims to the Roxburgh Peerage. The Scotch Record Regulation Bill, end ,several Private'Bills, were brought up from the COnamons, and read: a first time:... Counsel were also heard at the Bar in support of the Bill for Divorcing Col.,Powlett from Letitia his wife. Mr. Serjeant Long having stated the Pea. • tioner's case, Counsel was ordered to withdraw. The Earl of LIVBRPOOL presented that part . of the Correspondence betweeri Mr. Secretary Canning and Adinifal Apodaca, of which he had given notice yesterday.—Ordered to be printed. • CAMPAIGN IN SPAIN. Respeeting the Papers already on the table, and on some others which it. was still necessary to pro duce, respeeling tile condna of the late campaign in Spain, a very long conversation took place between Lords Darnley, Liverpool, Auckland, Grey, and carysfort. The objeel of the latter Noble Lords chiefly was to :ascertain the grounds upon which Mr. Frere acted in his correspondence with Sir John Moore. It was contended, that ~Mr. Frere had as sumed a tone towards the Commander in Chief of the Forces in Spain, whicirire was not entitled to aasurne ; and that above all, it was e xtremely neees tiary to ascertain thecharaCier of these transaCtions, and that it was ittipoSsible to do so without having before the House not only the whole of the cerre r iporidence between Mr. Frere and Sir JolinVoore, knit also the instructions , given - to Mr. Fr* by the tiecretary of Foreign Affairs: ' • • Lord .Ltveapoor. 'contended,' that it was wholly , unusual• to produce the instructions given by Govern ment to any Minister on a foreign station. As to the name of the person who brought the message alluded to to Sir.!. Moore, it rnuat.,ott all sides be felt, that it would be very inconvenient to mention his name. , The conversation here ceded, every thing being referred to' the debate' on FridaY next. Counsel were . , then called again on Vowlett's ,Di voree Bill,. When evidence was adduced to prove this aCt of criminal conversation, when the Bill was - read a second time, and ordered to be committed,' and the Bosse adjourned. • HOUSE OF COMMONS, Ti/ESDAY, APRIL 18. On the motion of Mr. BASTAIin, the Bastardy BM was read a second time, and ordered to he earn . Hotted on Friday next. Ordered, on the motion of Mr. H.. MARTIN, that the Accown presented to the House on Friday lain, of Fees taken in the -Secretary of War's Otce, be printed for the perusal of the Niemhers. The SttcarroY at WAtt, on account of some ittiorrntlity, obtained leave to withdraw certain Pa pers which be 'presented on Tuesday last, for the purpose relreseating them in a more corred form. • A person from the Stamp Office presented at the Bar .an,../.‘ccount of the incidental Duties of the Stamp Qffices,ol England and Scotland, from the sth of datruary, t 800, to the latest' period the same could be made out, distinguishing England and Scotland respeaively. The Account was ordered to be laid on the table. Ordered, That the several Papers laid before the House on the igth instant, respelling the Currency of Ireland, be printed. The second reading of the Trish Militia Comple tion Bill was postponed till Friday nest. • • Mr. WHITBREAD presented a Petition from the Trustees at the Orphan Hospital, against the Bill slow pending for removing the Market from SMith. whieh• was ordered to lie on the table till the second reading of the Bill. On the motion of Mr:PARNELL, the Paliers pre. /tented to the House. on Friday last, respecting the Inland Navigation of Ireland, were Ordered to be. printed. Charred, on the motion of Mr. WHITBRIAD, that the Papers presented to the House this day, Fespeeting the Stamp-Office, be printed. -, Mr. Rosa, alltiding to some observations that had (alien en a former day from certain Members of the M lll6 e , and to ten, epinion that seemed to be par tially entertained, that the matiuladures . of the country were on the decrease, observed,' that our shipping employed to the different parts of AMeriCa; had increased 98,000 tens during last year, accord tog to, the statement now an the table of the House. ,That Members, 'therefore, might be sufficiently in possession of such necessary and important fads, he moved, that the Papers presented to the House 611 Friday last, relative to British shipping employed to America, be printed. • • - Mr.. !'Erect Nuotta observed, that lie was not prepare) to meet tire Hon. Gentleman on the grounds he had stated for the prosperity of our nratturaderes, hilt he could inform biro, that the greater part of alit:intemladerers in . the West and North 'were •liiff starving with their families for want of rpm. I ,loyrnent. Th'e Papers Were accordingly ordered to. be printed. A Message from the Lords acquainted the louse that their Lordships had agreed to the Portsmouth and Dover Docks Compensation till - with some other privilte Bills. • SMiTIiFIELP MARKET. sir CIIARLES PRICE moved the Order of the Day, for the sceond reading at theStnithtield-markut 'Re moval Ilia. Mr. Alderman Cordes, after stating the grounds el 'his objetlions to idle measure, inovid, that the ' feceed reading be postponed till this•day six months. H. Mums seconded the Amendment s and . was supported by Mr. Herder . end me. Lyttletpn, who suggested the idea' of two markets, Mr. Hutch. .:?. - nsere, Mr. Ponsonby, Mr. Mellish; Mr. Fuller, Mr. 'Barham Dile 'Whitbread, and the' ttorney.General, on Ole grirund of the measure having an evident ten ilency to deteriorate the property 4e;pti4itig to the grpliao 1 lospit ii, aial all the private property in the viciti ity of spot whlre the new market was pre. ' Vv 't the and streets feeding te it The reteeval of tk market 6'o), snrithfield wce4 l 4 4 on the contrary, seeder pipperty less valuable in that Quarter. They had - The'iwo strongest 4'ikee)reitr papible . egaitee, 115 /41.1 1 44.ie0eletets 'people rioul whet:9 it tylell4 entove the market, and the murmurs of those to whom it was projeBed to carry it. They were called on titi4liew the most.saored respell to the rights of private pro. perty,.as it was to thilireipeet that the prosperity and safety of England was owing. • ~Bir- P itAamts Palm Mr. Rosa, and Mr. Alder •man SHAW supported the Bill, on the groutid of the necessity of,removing the market somewhere, as the present accommodation was by no. means adequate, and as, froth the crowded state of the market, much injury was sustained by the cattle, and the buyers and sellers themselves were not exempted from dan ger. Though the City had -given the preference to the grounds in the vicinity of Bagnigge Wells, there were two other spots that they had in view, and to which no objetition, it was thought, could reasonably be made. They wished, therefore, the Bill to 'go into the Committee, where such alterations might be introduced into the Bill, as to render it less exceptionable. The question being called for, the gallery was cleared ; but the Amendment was car ried without a division, and the Bill of course thrown out. IRISH CURRENCY. ,Mr. PARNELL., pursuant to a former notice, rose to submit a motion to the HOuse, for assimilating the medium of Exchange between this Country and Ireland. He considered the abbjeCl to, be Of the ut. Most importauce, us it related to the commercial and pecuniary transaaions of the two Countries, and as it was calculated, in • his opinion, to unite the two Countries more clesely together,. and to go a great way to destroy those prejudices and marks of dis tinelion that it was desirable should bens few as pos. sible. It would remove effetaually all the inconVe• niencies arising from the iluetuation of the rate of Exchange between the two Countries, and prove for the advantage of this' Country, and for the interest orthei Batik of England, who, he hoped, .would en catirage the measure', as well asfor the greatet.pros perky of, Ireland. ',After a speech of considerable length, fiejtated, that .it was his intention to Move, in the Resolutions he Meant to submit to the House, that,. in order to assimilate the currency of the two Countries, and facilitate their pecuniary intercourse, the Bank of England Notes- should be made legal tenders in Ireland, ,as tivef l as those of the Bank. of Ireland ; that the English shilling shouldpass for twelve-pence, and not for thirteen, as now ; and that the copper coin of 'lreland should be called in, anti that 91 England subatituted in its loom. For what he had,lated,. , and fbr the opinions hey had ex- Tressed, hu4'4a the authority of the Committee that. had been at yointed to take the subje& into conside' ration, andes.v hose printed Report he had in his hadd; he had also a'faither illustration of the statements he .had made in the salutary consequences that had fol lowed a similar measure with respeet to Scotland tuid England. He concluded with moving, that the Report be referred to a Committee of the whole House. Mr. FOSTER said, be should be as happy as the Right Hon. Gentleman to do away the exchange between Great Britain and Ireland, but the plan proposed by theßon. Gentleman appeared to him to be impra6ticable., One part of his plan was, to make the Bank of England pay in Irish notes, and the Batik of Ireland in English notes, whenever they should be respired. Stich a regulation was absurd ; it would be impossible to compel two private corn. panics to adopt such a system. Another objet of the Hon. Gentleman was . : to.. make English Bank notes legal tender in Ireland. Did the Honourable Gentleman know that they were not a legal tender in England And sorely it 'would be going rather too far to make them so in Ireland. Every part of the ,Honourable Gentleman's plan appeared to him impreeticable. The utmost,. he, thought, that could- be done, would be to prevent these sudden and violent fluctuations of exchange but even if it were praitticable at present to equalize the currency of the two countries, it would be attended with great injpry to Ireland. The silver coinage of Ireland consisted of five-penny piecia, ten-penny pieces, thirty penny pieces, and six-shilling pieces. "rhese, the House would observe, did not fora) any aliquot part of any English currency, and the incon venieney of forcing • English currency in Ireland, while they had that coinage, must be obvious, BLit it was said that these tokens should. be all called in, and a new coinage issued both for England and ire. land. Did the Hon. Gentleman know what quan- tity of silver coin would be necessary for the two countries ? England would require 4,000,0061. and Ireland 1,200,0001. for their silver circulation ; that is to say, 5, 0 00,0001. worth of silver would be ne cessary to make a coinage for the two conntries.4.-. Upon the Whole, every part of the Honourable Gentleman's plan appeared t ( o him impracticable, and therefore he should oppose the motion, because if these kind of enquiries did not promote any good, they were sure to do miscbiefd Mr. also opposed the motion, on the ground that it wasnot possible to rendCr EngliSh and Irish money of equal value, _ _ Mr. fI..ZIORNTON said, that it would not be pal eible to render the current coin of Ireland equal to that of England, without rendering the notes of the English and Irish 13ailcs equal. Mr. PONSIWBY allowed every credit to his Hon. Friend for bringing the subject before Parliament, but he was confident that his objett, under the pre sent circumstances of the two countries., could not be accomplished. No alteration could be made in the value of the notes of either country, withont . intringing'on' the charters of the two Eanks. He ad. mated that it would be a measure of satisfaction to both countries, hut that it was lit present impraelicar ble to carry it into &fed. , Mr. Dsvpiti OIDDy was of the same opinion; . Mr. PARbigLi. exphOed. He wished' it to he distinaly'understood that be had no intention. of pat ting die people of Ireland to any inconvenience from the want of coin, as it was his intention'that the. Old should nof he called in till the new should be ready for circulation, and as the measure was deem ed desirable, and the exchange between the two countries was nearly equal, he thought the present the most desirable time to bring it forward. • The motion was then lint reje6ted without a division. Qn the motion of Mr. Mqons, on Account of the Monies issued by the, Secretary at "War in the year taciti, wap ordered to be printed. , Lord CA$ll.l l / 4 IIBAG:H moved the Oilier of the Day for the Houle resolving loci! into pouutlittee on he carnpletion Bill. Lord . A, made a few pbservatious, which were replied to by Lord Castlereagh, and the Committee was formed, - On the Clause ena&ing that, after a certain period, if the complement was not obtained, the baltot should take place, a good deal of discussion took place. Mr. GILES contended, that the threat of the bal lot would etfeaually prevent recruiting, inasmuch as the recruits would keep back in expectation orthei high bounties produced by the ballot. Lord CisrLana,tcat observed in reply, that those who entered as recruits were not generally specula tive reasoners, who looked' forward a great way,,,, He could not consent to abandon the ballot, beiiev= ing that it would be a very dangerous experiment,- while he proposed to give a period of 12 naonthi for completing the service by volunteering.. ' • Mr.:WiNDITAM observed, that if the Bill should pass, the language of the, recruiters must in effea be, make haste, my lads, take the bounty. of I 2 guineas, for if you wait till 1810, you will'hare 40 !" In consequence of the Noble Lord's military measures, recruiting speculations were very generally diffused. Mr, Gir.as expressed his conviction, that the.bal 7 lot, was" from 'various considerations, the most ex pensive-and partial mode of raising Men. But at any rate, he must contend, that the introduaion of the ballot would, in faet, destroy the very experiMent of the Noble Lord. He should therefOre take 'the sense of the Committee upon the Clause. A division then took place, when there apPeared— For the Clause 52—Against it 12—Majority 40. • On entering we found Sir JAMas Mouroossaitt proposing that Recruits for the Militia should be raised, as well in adjoining counties as in their own, which was agreed to. Some discussion then tool: ',Lice on the Clause imposing 'a fine of 201. on the County tor every man not raised. A division then took place; and 'the numbers were—For the Clause 34—Against it y--Majo• rity 25. The other Clauses of the Bill were then gone through. Atter which, Mr. BinnuLits proposed a Clause, by Which all Peers of Parliament should be included in the Aet, and made liable to its provisions. This was opposed by . Lord CASTLEREAGH and Mr. ELLIOT, on the ground of Peers being the he... reditary Counsellors of the King, and as having been alWays entitled to this exemption. A division then took place—Ayes I—Noes 37. The House then adjourned at one &clock. M A IS. Map/ an—t Dublin, a Waterford. Due—t Gottenbursh, Malta, t Lisbon, t Waterford. viticr. car sTOcKs• • THIS DAY AT TWILLVI O'CLOC!.. Consols THE S CT, N. 1101.101 QUI' D1C , 11111.111 I4LgUM M.Urn,AT ? LONDON, Witlns/F.DAY, APRIL 19, 1809. ,Last night we received Dutch and Gerrnan , Papers to the gth inst. they contain news f'r`om Paris -tp the 3d. They are chiefly important as they contra' did the rumour that an arrangement had taken place between -France, and Austria. It appears that both parties are . continuing their preparations with the greatestv,igour. The Archduke CliAittE3 has lef t Vienna to take the command •of the Army. Etio- NAPARTE was. expeded to leave Paris on. the 4th -for Strasburg!). A congress is to be held, it is said, at which the Kings of BAVAttIA, SAXON Y, and WIRT. 11MBU ROM are to attend, and an attempt is to be mad e to induce the Emperor of Aus'rar4 to be present, an attempt, we should think, which is riot very likely I to succeed. From Spain the news is not very Dew nor very important. The last accounts from Buenos Ayres end Monte Video are given in a letter from Rio de 'Janeiro, dated February 6. It appears that the-latter place, under the cowman(' of ELto, still he)tout against LINIERS, and that all intercourse between the two Cities was cut off. Lintans hadexcited a Revolu 'tion at.Buenorikres in January, and had proclaimed „himself Viceroy, 'The heads of the people, however, had desired to forai a Junta, in imitation of the Mo ther Country, and. four of the leading men went to treat with . the self.eleded Viceroy, at F4este, but when they bad passed the draw . ..bridge, it was drawn up, and they. were immediately seized and put on board a Schooner, with but 'very httlr provisions; and nobodyhas heard . W bat became of them. His MAJRSTY has not taken his usual rides for th e s e tw o days past, owi n g to the severity of the weather. Her MAINSTY was prevented from holding a Drawing acorn to morrow, on account of Sir FRAN.. CIS MILLMAN, who attended her during her indis position, not considering her sufficiently recovered to undergo the fatigue of a Drawing-Room, Letters by the Malta Mad, which arrived yester dpy, mention that the Treaty of Peace between treat Britain and Turkey was confirmed by the .GRAND SIGNI9II on the e t st of January;' and that Mr. Auma was then residing at Constantinople, Yesterday Sir DAvIS DUNDAS held a public day, at his thlice in the Horse Guards Land gave audiences to Sir DAVID &win, General Faitzsa, and about 40 other Military. Officers. Mr. KEMBL.O was so, severely affected by the rhea; minis w suddenly attacked hirnlast night,that he Was obliged to comeforward and solicit the indulgence 'of the. audience, alleging that he moved with great pain, ancl that nothing but a !Tote. of dirty could induce hit .to pprform. The nuaience, of course, received this apology,in the most liberal manner, and ha then went through the a,rtluoas part of Mac ; with as much force and spitit. as could possibly bt C:tl)F4 l :4 t'? ( ,:4 a 8 1tt.).10.99: NAVAL N EWS. PLYMOUTH, APRA. 17.—Arrived ti►e Jahn Bull, Letter of Marque, Captain TIMGOWETII, from Lis bon, last from Guernsey, on her passage ftom the latter place, she fell in with the Minerva Frigate, which Ship spokelife .Nienten 'French Frigate cap tured by the x/rnethyst, in the Bay of Biscay, it is supposed she may have put into Falmouth, owing, it is said, to her being in a very leaky state. 'Arrived the Dart, GEST, from Dartmouth; and William, Nrcims.„frorn Llanelly. • Went up the Harbour the Achilk, 74 gOns• ' PORTSMOUVII, APRIL i 8 .--Arrived his Majesty's Ship La Loire from Spain ; Queen, HtLvatt, from the Downs for Quebec; also the Portuguese Ships Flora and Ghl7ll. Caretta for the Brazils, which are again sailed; quift, ,Pgany a , TYilliunv, ----, an d Swift, McraiNorox, from Sunderland. Sailed his Majeity'ri . Ship La Fleche for Cork; and Hercules, DtracAti, 'for Barbactoes,!:;l SHEERNESS,APAIL 1 . 'led the Exertion Gun• brig, for the Awns. Arrived his Majesty's Stoo p liolkt, from the Downs.. - APRIL 18.—Arrived the .Deptford Tender, ANTRAM, with volunteers and imprest m en fur the Fleet; aud his Majesty's Ship charger, from t he Noah Sea. Lient. • YARMOUTH, APRIL I H.—Sailed the British Fair Cutter on a cruize. Arrived the Princess Caroline, of 64 guns, and Lord helson Cutter, from a cruize, and remain iu the Roads with his Majesty's Ships Roctuck, Bresis, and Allan. Tue Fishiog Smack John and Mary, of Harwich, taken on the.Dogger Bank by a French Brig of Is pins,. and carried into the Testi, was liberated by order of the Dutch Admiral, .and strived here yes" terday. , • • : " . . . • Coax, APRIL 14.--;A .French vessel bound fronl Guadeloupe to Bourdeaux, laden will) sugar, c otPc. &O. was sent into Cove' yesterday, prize to his AD jesty's Ship Virginie, Caps. BRACE. Th e Yirginie had re-taken a Brig tior the Mediterranean, W and to ißelCtst, laden wan baritla, not yet arrived. PluAn having laden in with. several Ships front the \Veal Indies, lytund . to 'England, saw thew b ;00 in with the land,* and then proceeded in quest of tltd Privateer which bad taken 01e...41e/fast o.l‘. • 1,1 0 0,10 the Dam., Arm - qt.—sailed throng. , „, 1 4 ~ • 00Net.b, for the Gip" Susan, MOFFAT, for Quebec Al an ! 1 ", for New York .atiiNro , it" several other. outward-bound Vei%js? a '" known. ' . SPOR77NG INTEthGENCE. . NEWMARKET FIRST 'SPRING MEETING* MI . - TUESDAV. 01 00 Ld jersey'a Lauretta , 4t; 31b. heat Ceti. 'Cro v . OtA , May. Sit; Acrars the let; 2coo. b. It.-6 to 4On L 3O. Swee p stakes Or ,loogs, each, , h. ft. T• Da. M. .iii.:# Ld Eick4illes Prospero, aged, Bst. 9lb. * - ri Mr. Howorth"s Cassio, s yra old, Sr.: ;lb. .- - pi Mr. C. Bouverie's lolin-o'-Gaunc, 3 yrs old, 70. ` 111r,_Payrie's Bulrush, Bst. 21b. beat Mr. Vansittart's I; iye.gmb, Sst. ;db. rwo-yr old Course, aoogs. it* It. -5 4 on Bulrush. ft t br The 'aeovgs. Stakes, a Sweepstakes of wogs. eacli f li.,,,ii i es Colts and Fillies riling 3 yrs o ld , Colts Bst. Po.. ''' . ihit. K. M. .I Mr. Wilson's ch. c. Wizard, by Sorcerer - - i sir I Shelley's Cock obin * S sifC.. Bunbury's C. iai ß r-Star, by Whiskey, out of Oa!'" s, . 4 D. of Grstlon's c. la pan, by TrumpAtor, out of Sco tia ,„ Sri S. Sitwell's C. Alnianack, by Sir Peter, out of P 3 1 .11 *lowa _ .. . - - . Mr. Craven's f. Black Diamond, by Stamford LdFoley's c. by Eagle, out of Miss Purcy - g Mr. Ladbroke's br. t. Bribery, sister to Eleaion ''', r., Pa Ld G. H. Cavemlisli c. h. c.,by I iyaciii t hus, out of FO'; ' Ld G. . H. Cavendi,ih's b. c. by Wriiskeyi outfit M t ' s ' C ''' .. jl , dour- - • . - - I": Mr. Mellislesjerelpy,py tte. Don QUiro ' -1 ,, .1 Mr. Thornhill's c. otti of Galatea • Pl Sir f Shoiley's c. Martn;on by Whiskey - :Los l'" Mot' Gratton'ti c. Mango, by Sorcerer, out of Homo) Mr.Androv's b. t. Car.idia,by Sorcerer,ottt of 010110,;:, 1 ,, Mr. t". twesas c. by H.u.ikietoniao, out 01 Mary, bY L' Ayer. . . • Mr. Like's c. by . Gohanna, out of Chester's sister p‘l Mr. Lake's f. G tinderel la, by Teddy - Sir C. Turner's c. Chyrupodist, by Barnaby It o f • Sir C. Turner's c. Med) , Andres; , , by Stainford, our pd •• r heoplunsa ' .. d Mr. Vaiiiittart's br. f: by W hissey:out of Momentilla'sdato 1,,,, Ld Grosset:it's b. c. Peruviso, Drink(' to Veal ." .pa t Ld Grosvelior's b. f. Dee.Nyinpn, sister to La wn - 6t04 bo Wizard. 6to t Agst CoClt Robin. I - the fudge t.ouid p O. lace tour. Lid Lowther's Pe isse. bear of but Gtalton's Morel Pt' each. T.M.M. 2ougs. h. 1t.•;--2 to t agst Pelisse. gji, I..l'Lowther3 Pelisse, dst. 71. neat l.). of Grafton'b r , Sonia, Bst. Two.yr old Course, loogs. .6 to 4 aKst Yei ll o Tile ClAret SiakesOi 24)00 . r..lCil, il. ft. t a CuaS dyd i), i, i t '' r , sing4 Yrs old*. , ItS Sg. 710. and fillies dist. alb' n: of LitattuO'4 Vallthke. • . • • 3 , Sit' S. Sitwell's Choker . - ~- . • 1 Nlr. Duncombe's 4:. It. i. Laurel Led ' " ' ... e Mr. Mellish's bradbuty . -- : - " , l4 ' 14 &swell's c. No Coni..irer, by Sorcerer "„k; it tb Bon Vandyke— 6io 4 a..st :-P : "I' - '' O. .a l lll% ~ The King's Plate of loop. for Mare 4 ..:, 3•Y ( 47144 L.-B .(l ll ‘''' 4 1 b. 4-yr olds, 9st. 41b. s.yr old, 9st• nub. to-; aid aged, cast. Last 3 M.. of Is C . 1.4.4 rcisvenor's b. f. elurcr, 3 years - D.-ot Graftoo's cn. f. Nlorel - • - di Ld Lowther's b. In. Pelisse, aged " (Want.4°v:fr: Mr. Vatisittsrt's ch. in. Moinetitilla. 4 Yrs -,, yr ..„„t 0 ;1.. , 0 Fifty t'44.lltis by Sulaseription,, for 4-Y! °ld s ' '''''',,,st ..i '.' olds, Bst. glb. 6-)r 010 And aged, Bsr. ru. of 11. C. . . :- Mr. Shakespear's br. h. Sir David, aoti Mr. Wyndham's b. h. Canopus, s yrs ,1 * .: 1). of Gratton's u. n. Mili,iii,,, 4 y l 4 Mr. Qoutbuto's ch. h. Ronico, 43 14 1 5 to 4 on Canopus. .. lie4L Gen. GrosvennOs Rifleman. la. 71 "' , I „ ; Gotncrst's - W449 40e, 141. 414. 4v-'"" 4. t - t. ' - ' i 2 1 s r). ago. Alm 0,0 0 * Mr. Crlyen , s Beau N4Ol - 4 ~_ e . o ,;vr e }r very, q Don Quixc4te, Qsc, gli). It t • ° tv11.,-.i./4 - by cowwic, rt , , , .~