The Sun. — London, England, 1809-05-20 00:00:00

symen a oynasty closely cunne&ed by family bends with the Austrian House, was robbed of the throne and freedom,' would, without any personal refer ence, have deeply atfeeted his Imperial Majesty,. "Not less w ou ld hi s Majestyhave been touched and Mille:led by the unmerited 'ate .of a noble and high- Minded nation, which, at one blow, deprived of ;heir dearest blessings, their independence, their con . atitution, their laws, and their Prince*, had no other than ,the desperate resource remaining of a glorious ,resistance. But the circumstances by which this '! shocking catastrophe, had been prepared . and OCC3- „ Coned, added to its natural etTe6t, For twelve years bad the Spanish Court, in urdet to purchase from a • formidable neighbour, it'not friendship, at least for bearance, sacnfined its resources, treasure, troops, fleets, and colonies. The will of the Emperor Na poleon was as omnipotent in Spain as in France.--; • • Bet instead of this excess of subserviency availing to sav e what alone was remaining to it—an nide . pendent name, internal security, and domestic peace Coon found rather, in its mistaken, endea ' yours to obtain repose, the immediate source of its Yuin. His Imperial Majesty had also declined no sacrifice for the maintenance and assurance of peace; Only one boundary he bad not overstepped. He had at all 'times carefully maintained the dignity of his ,throrie;and the right of leaving no means unem . ployed"frir ',its defence. That when that is trifled with, and this is neglected, nothing can withhold the State ftbin'ltiti, the fate of Spain has confirm- Pc! by a'fr s ightful 'alid warning 'experience. In the - then situation "cif...Aastria, such an example could fail of its elle& an army of 200,000 men en vironed the inistnirchy, and waited hit for the signal of'at tack. The Conquest of the Western States be- - ink'thus completed by . that of Spain and Portugal ; and the principle, that every thing is just and lawful the interest .•ol the Emperor of 'ranee re nuired;heing openly a v.owed:in this att of outrageous violence, and without reserVefirOclaimed in the ('al opeis or the Governr44ntl , end That restless rve of dominion, for which Eueopel. , eetned hardly large enough, having on no account feund its limit; nothing was more natural than the OtPe6taticia, that Abe next mortal blow Would be aimed at . 4usfria....4 The 3Nlol6ll B lons god the 'pro-sentiments 'of then word Were In concord with such an expectatinn. " What at the •same time was taking place in 3t " l Y* gate new . faCe- to these threatening omens. Thar broad circ l e iii' dominion which ,it Dire time was denoted under ?lie Bathe of the "Kew Federa/ #0 101 ; ° at another, under the more expressive appellation .of the " Great • ZmPire: . ha d lon g em " braced the whole of the Italian States. This was Pot enough. The sqbjugatioll was to go into the detail..-.was m to be ore imMediate and complete... 4 Popelad, in the sense of his-duty, resibted a' t serles of pretenriions which would. have wontided te dignity of head of tti ,and an t lights it:it So ver ei gn . in an iostant every thing was . disregarded, which reverence for his sublime Pirson, and esteem tor the greater part of Christendom, whitth beheld in hint a common fa. ther, appeared to 'prescribe, even.to nnsparing vior lance. The provinces were /taken away, whicl re " Planted to the Pope after earlier eticreachments, tome itself became the Seat of a military prefeeiure, and it could not be concealed from the world that his Ha.- 'mess endured, in his owti capital, the tate of a state 'prisoner. The provinces belonging to the church' well As the principalities of 'Parma and Piacenza, 1 , 1 411te liingdom gtruri:l, ‘‘ , hici) France herself a dreCted, anti 'now soddenly and tyrannically de . - greyed were incorporated eitlir with Fiance or the Iciutd6in o f Italy ; and Austria learnt 'on this Occasion, by a solemn oration in the 'French Senate, that "it is the of the EmperOr Rbppletni r thq THE WIIOLE COASTUE THE. I ,NIEDITERAA'NrAN AND ADRIATIC SEA te united either with the ;Reach ter. y , or ipit4 that of the G4EAT ElVelitE. 4l To rely, under such cireumstance , s, upon the ithln terrupted cont i n u ance of prate, howetier strong . the resolution might be to du the utmost to obtain it, would blVe been oriviiius infatuation. redin day tv day'llie nects , ity Might occur of vindicating the ipdependence of the indult-6Y front pretension's utterly 'inadmissible, or from ininiediate attack ; from day To day the approximali'on of this critical 'moment `Vecame more apparent. If there were ,rnezitts . iif - N‘terting this, t h ey cou ld b e f o n in i ' on ly i p the adoptkin of aperteCt system of defence,:dnly in a military ciot%st tution, which might set bounds as 'effedital As 'imysibk to the hope of subjugating the 'Monarchy with ease. In this sense and with this' 'design alone, did his Majesty adopt those Measures 'hich 'were to fay a broader foundation for the rein forcement and completion ,of his army. The en )ightetied patriotisfit of hiN faithful subjeas promoted the success of these measures. ,Every mind was impressed wi!lt the conviction that' his Majesty Sought nothing but well•gnaranteed repose; that nothing ,was more &reign from his breast than a 16tigingi after war • and that inevitable neceSSity alone Cotild induce ' him to detnend n ew sa cr ifice s t v r° 2 l ) -his 'people, The paternal regu l at io ns o f t h e °r were every where carried into execution, confidence honourable ;dike to the Govern"- mum and the citizen. :" The tfue . charAtier Of these measures could be 1111sta ken or misinterpreted by foreign powers, only in case were before resolved to deny Austria • the right a self-preservation. Every thing which Was establi;lied at that period remained within the Btr iaest limits ot t Just system Of .derence• It w . os contin,A to the orgauization and contpletial'of the powers of the nation ; a n d so much the less reason was thereto apprehend that this could give offence to any state, as similar., and lar more ex tensive establishments had been made for several 3'eari before, and were every day making, not only In France, but in oilier adjoining coUntries. The kingdom Was sot - rim - Wed by foreign armies, who W ere put upon a war establishment, and every inn. tnetit ready to march. The Austrian troops were on the peace establishment ; they were disperaain their Ordinary g ir: ison4, and no where collected to- , gether. A position exciting less susp i c i on , and giv-• ‘ less alarm, could not well be expated from a grt.at state. `.` Even on the part of the Fr enc h' C a bi ne t t h ere WaS DO Itawn tO,eXpeet complaint; . as his Majesty, on evety.oceasion which preserved itself, gave proof of his unshaken adherence to the pacific system he bad hitherto followed., While, to avoid unpleasant cl.iscossions, hi s Majesty m a intai ne d an uninterrupted Cence.on sonic very essential matters of complaint . _ Austrian vessels had been taken by French cruizers, (a procedure which atrurded no very promising prognostic of, the freedom of the sea)--the Austrian Court was incessantly engaged in repelling 'from it self and its subordinate ageuts the fancied nr,feigned accusations WiliVtl were brought forward be restless French agents, principally at Trieste. Not one of these accusations could be verified. They were all vitionously refuted. Fits Majesty did not, however, rest here. In order to ClUse a source of groundltss yet ever-returning complaints, and at the same time give. the French Government a proof of readiness which even anticipated its desires,,and whicb, as the Emperor flattered himself, would allow no Roubt to arise concerning - his real sentiments, his Majesty did not, hesitate, how severely Speyer this further restric » tion upon the last remains of commerce woulib be felt in his maritime provinces, to shut his harboups (though not ,required to du so) against the flag of the North American States. %But nothing now, had the power to induce France to estimate more justly the condua of his Majesty. The steps which his Majesty had taken to secure the existence and independence of hia States, in ease of a nearer approaching danger, passed in . the eyes of the Emperor Napoleon for so many unwarrantable attempts to counteraa the plans which had long been prepared, and were to determine the future destiny of this kingdom. These steps were treated as hostile movements against France. The most anxious endeavours of the Austrian Minister to' set this matter in a proper light were without of a&. Their explanations were not worth . ) , '6l any atteri tion. The French Cabinet intimated, in an official Note of the 30th of July, 1808, " War is inez;itako, unless the military movements made tkroughout Elie o insiriaa Monarchy he succeeded by measures (fa - di. rec7ly 'contrary tendency;" and this also, after the same note had immediately before expressed, "The French army in Germany, as well us in Italy, is twice as strong 'as it was in 180,' indepodealy 4 the troops of thi Confederation." From that day ,war ;was to be consirtered as declared. The lan guage then , held was nevei-. retraced. At Paris, liayonne, and Erfurt, it remained unalterably the same. If, in the mean'ivhile, events occurred which held the French armies dngaged on other points, this could be considered only as a compulsory post ponement of aolual hostilities. The resolution was et'nbraced, to bring the point I to dttciiinit as soon as f)ossible. The relations between Austiia and France had taken a certain direetion and an essential oihange in those relations was for this 'reason imps-. sible , ---that the condition of peace imposed by the Emkror tqapoleon was of ,such a eharaCte'r that it could 'riot be Ow a subject of deliber:ltian. [To be cominued.] Lit& REPORT. ecitißT O KING'S BENCH, MAY fgt. LAW V. WESTON. . ; ' Miff was an action for overturing and breaking the Plaintiff's gig, by tiri.ing the post-thaise of the Peleficillit against it. The Defendant is'a postmaiter, apd 114 boy, in returning with a post-chaise, ne gligently ran against the Ilaintiff's gig and overset it. --Verdict fur the Plaintiff, damages 151. 'SWIFT v. ROLt'E. was an naion againif Mr. Rolfe, the City tfrveyor, by Mr. Swift, the Surgeoo t of Parliament 'street, who Oemitidea the wiitll,9f 105L,Jos. for.at tending Nir. itolie, his wire, 'noti . son, but . c •‘. pal claim Wait for attenclainco upon .Mr. .1101.1 e Mr. GAtIROW expressed his regrit that 'WS cause had 'not been referred, as it forced Min in the üb pleasant task of detailing the services which kr. Swift bad rendered to . Mr. Rolfe, and of 'stating the miserable plight in which Mr. linite t caine to him for ) ; i s Bi s tan c e. 1-te duld - neither 'ea't iior drink, had pains in all his hones, was sleepless a't 'hnd was fast weariA Aay his when bS , Mr. Swift's skill and care he Wits in a Manner rescued from the grave, and now for the first time, during a prhtiice of forty years, 111 r. Swift was compelled to prove his demand in a Court of Justice. He had hived this 'detail . tnight have been spared . . Mr, PARKB here said he had not seen his client, his instructions were, that Mr. 1161!e's case was that I of a There quinsey, and heJlionglit the demand rather toolati - ge. After some conversation it was agreed to . kler the case to o Barrister.. GREEN V. rftwg. Mr. Gkaaow stated, that this anion was brought to recover compensation in damages Inc an aggravated assault.. The Plaintiff was a tailor, and the Defend ant &hid of a stage coach. The Plaintiff having 4,C -casino to go to Brentwood, went ate, Outside passen ger byy the coact of which the Defendant was the guard. When linty gut to Brent wood, and the Plain- Ulf Otfered tilt pay, the Defendant, on the, plenitude of his authority, insisted that he should pay* for an in side place, although,he had rid withbuG Finding re monstrance in vain he, Was :tercet' to comply, and gave him a seven shilling piece, out of winch be was to take six. The Plaintiff then demanded his change, but the Defendant insisted that no Gentle man took change, and that the sltilling was due as a present to him, and because the Plaintiff did not chuse to submit also to this imposition, he gave the. Plaintiff' a 'violent blow in the lace, and a kick. He hoped the Jury ter this would,give ample damages, especially as there are more clubs titan one of theft'. Gentlemen of the 'AN'hip, who subscribe to pay each; other's expenses for threshing a blackguard j ndw nothing certainly Could be more blackguardly than to refuse a present to an impertinent coachman. The assault being proved, the Jury founi a verdict for the Plainta—Damages 201. BOW-STRELT.---AVC'Stati:d a few days since that a young lady of the name of Mary York, 'was exa mined before Mr. Mares, charad with tiring a gun twice at two young men of the names of Cuombes and Parker from Mr. Rolfe'; (her uncle's) premi s es, adjoining iempton" Park, at _Sunbury. 'Yesterday, at eleven o'cloLls, was the time appointed for the further investigation; but on the witnesses being called, they did not answer. - Some suspicion was entertained that they had been tampered with, and the Magistrate. ordered Miss York to be committed to New Prison, Cletkenwell„ Elizabeth Too, the servant, WAS admitted to hak''to answer what shall , . he ehjeaed against her at t he t. , narier.Se4siops, 'ltasca in 3001. and two aurtgict in . 1401, etch. a.J.V1,1 HOUSE OF PEERS. • • FODAY, MAY 1!). Counsel v.'ere again heard, ,and additional evi . - aence adduced, in support of Pthylett's Divorce Bill. 'fhb BillS on the table were forwarded in their respeelive ntages: . , - • Lord East INI; moved the 'postpvernent'of the Committee - on 4 the- Bill tOr Preventing Wanton Cruelly to Animals till Wednesday week.-7-Ordered. Several Bills were brought up from the ponnuons and read a tirst titne.—Adjourned till to-morrow. *,;.* By an ,?rrur of the I'loi in Our Paper of yes terday, Lord EIIOCINg was made not to concur in opinion with the Lord Chancellor and the judges, itrun the Writ of Error in the King v. Wh4e. His Lordship fully concurred with them in opiuton. HOUSE OF COMMONS. FRIDAY, MAY 19. • The 'House Went into a Committee on the Ship Owner's Bill; the Report of which was received, and ordered to be taken into further consideration On Wednesday. On the motion of:Mr. Canavgy, an Account was ordered to be laid before the lionse of all Charges for Salaries paid out of the 14 per ce►►t. Leeward island Duties, On the motion of Mr. WlLBeßvoßcit (with a view to a 'subsequent Motion, that they be printed), the minutes of evidence taken before the Committee on the Gas Light Bill ware ordered to be laid before the llonse. . , The Chariiable Danition Bill went through a Committee, the 'Report of which was received, and ordered to be titken into further consideration on Wednesday. - _ _ A Mess:4;e frrim the Lords announced their Lord ships' ass e nt to the Tempte-bar impro‘ement HuittissOrs brought in the , Lott,ry which was read a first, and ordered tee be rk:ati it se cond time to,inOriow. The Woollen. Manufehnes Bill went through a COrnmittee, the Report • of which iivas ordered to be received un Wethiesday. • The Martinique Trade Bill went through a Corn-! mittee, the Report 61 Which was received, and the Bill was ordered to be read a third tithe on Wed nesday. Gei GASCOYan presented a Petition from et4r fain Manufatturers of Salt in Liverpool, praying for IJrger duty to be unposed on lily .Salt, FisTea observed, that on Bay 'Salt depended the preservation of provision{. 'Die Petition was ordered to lie on the table. The second reading of the Bill to enable Judges to try civil - causes ; in their own counties was pot , voned to Thursday. In a Committee on the Gunpowder AB, the Chair- Am was ihstruded (on the Motion of Mr. Rust ) to move for leave to bring in a Bill to permit the Lord Lieutenant of Ir.-land to allow the, exportation of &c. trormireland. The Report was received, and leave granted. Mr. WuA a'rot.: brought up the Report of the Com mittee on the Itikh First fruits, which was agreed to, and Bills were ordered in pursuance of the re 7 sOlut ions thereof. On - the motion of Mr. N. VANSITTART, an Ae..! count uus ordered to be laid before the Muse of all sunvt of tnoney advanced fur the service of his 111,11 liigtineiti We Prince Regent of Portugol, since 6th Jan. LU7, distinguishing the dates, Sce. The Lo4o Bill was read u second limo, and order ed to tie Cotntnitted.to-mnfrow. The Report of the Committee ,on the Irish Beer hilt wai taken info further chnside\-ation. Alter a discussion, in which Colonel Ilttehinsoit; Mr. Fostir, Mr. Parnell, paiticipated, the part Wai,agrecd to, with tiever;il aurvudrUents, rind the Hill was ordered to 1.4 c read a third time on Wed nesday next. IRISH TITHES. On the motion' of •Mr. PARNELL, the Petitions presented last Session from the (~.lueen's Ceunty, and the County of Kerry, against Tithes, having been 'read, Mr. PARNPLL observed, that in addition to these, reselutions were passed by the county of Tippers ry and ,the coenty of Clare (a Petition 'froth which had by some means failed in reaching the .House), the county of Wicklow, and the county of Armagh4 Had the other counties °Firebird taken the same sub jet, into tonsiderat ion, he was persuaded that they would have adopted similar proceedings. He was also convinced that -the great majority ,of the Clergy of Ireland were favourable to some tuelioratioti of preseet system of tithes.; and he by no means attri,- . butea to them the cause of the -grievances complaiu ed of, In Ireland, there was no collection of small tithe.) ; cattle were exempt from tithes, and tiax par daily so. The Clergy of Ireland did not receive any thinglikea tent 1t,,t0 which they were entitled. He had inquired, and he (mind that we wheat, which might- fairly afford twenty-four shillings 'an acre, the „valuation was only 7s. 81, that on oats, which might atferd t U. the value wes ,only es. ; that on poutoes, which might affect QB3. the valuation was l• only Bs.;' and that on meadow, which might afford 12s. (hi. the vidumion was only di. .Her, therefore, should do injustice to the Clergy if be tetributed to them, generally speaking f oppression in the levying of the tithes. The body of Cathoties had systema tically abstained from taking part in the public meet ings to ire!and on this subject; lest it should be itn puted to them that they wished to .interfere in any way with the Protestant Church establishment; nor bad these petitions originated in any party feelings, but on a general view oiliest which would conduce to the interests of the Empire. In the last Session he had given notice that he would submit to the House a caption for reletring the subject lo the con , ' sideration of a Comuentee ; but having spoken to the Right Hon. Gentlemen an opposite on the snbjeet, Bight Hun. Gentleman bad stated, that he , would, perhaps, feel himself justified in propos ing a measure so enable.' Incumbents of parishes to grant leases to their parishioners, He had, there fore, deferred hie motion nntil the present- Sebaion but bating recently understood that the Right 'ion. Gentlemsn had abandoned this intention, the duty re- verted.to him, and be should therefore feel it his duty, in preference to rieferriog the subject to a Committee of the whole House, to move, for leave to bring in a Bill tea enahle the Met:tube:Vs of parishes,to grant lams 1 - 04'111 years to their parishioners • a measure to a. part of wbicl i at least the flight Hon. Gentle. ode uectored that he ha r d nn OW walk Ile then, entered into a detailed examination cf Cot nkture And tendency of tithes; •adducine the opinions :of Mr. Adam Smith and Dr. Paley, -as well as these . Contained in:krecent publication by Air. Thompson:, • to show their injuriens tendency to cm - it:Ult.:re. Ia Ireland, it was imposaible for a- persou Uf .the lowe , C order,toexist without being an occupier of lap& an 4 from such persons it„was of course ftequently possible for.the Clergymanao raise his tithes; withe , out resorting to ifteans ag,air'lat which these 'persona, had not the power of detence. tYe read an .extra& of a speech made at a. public meeting. in' Ireland, :which censured the prthice of the Proaora in that eouptry, and chartherised them as wholly despotic!. The same people were goaded almost to madness by protiorship, who felt no grievance When treating direly with the Clergymen, Of the whole popu lation of freland called upon to pay tithes not a tentli belonged to ,the established Church. The popula tion was five millions, of whieh four miliiong, were of the Catholic persuasion ; and of the nut belonging to the eatholic religion, one halt were Dissenters from the Established Church. He quoted Mr. Pitt's Speech previous to the Unioo; to prove that it was the opinitef of that great Statesman, thct the mode of colleding tithes in Ireland was a great praaical evil; and concluded by moving for leave to t bring in a Bill accordi ng ly. . The CHANCELLOR of the ExcHRQUER felt him self compelled to oppOse the introduction of this .and at the same time he.gave the H on . Gentleman credit for the faithfulness of the statements he had made of his former opinions, would take the oppor tunity of mentioning the reasoos for holding the opinions he now did. The Kin. Gentlerneu had not favoured them with the 'detail, of the mode of . remedying the evil ; but yet it was the difficulty of proposing.this that had induced hint to abandon. the designs he had formerly etittrtained. He (Mr. Per ceval) had intended by his measure to quiet the minds of the . people of Ireland ; tic Moo. Gentles- man, in his ulterior, ohjed, rather tetided to create expedtations, and augment the feelinga of discontent already entertained. This was a sufficient cause for his looking on the Bill with an unfavourable But. there were other objeilions, for the Ffou. Gett. ileman's objeli would. be to. 'divert the Pseveeuea of the Church to other purposes than the Chnror tabliSliment. The Rut. Gentleman had said; and he did not deny the truth of it, that there were ma ny persons ti nxion4 to get rid of.the present system; but ifit , ware explained to these .people, that if any change took place they would have to pay much more than they now did, they would not be anxious for such a commutation as was now asked - for. , -.• By the statements °fate lion. Gentleman it appeai-- '\ ed, that the tithes of Ireland were not paid at pre- . sent to the amount of 5o per, cent. of their value; and if an alteration was made, ' they must be calcu lated at their full rate, and the people would indeed, as they were told, .have no tithes to pay, but would • have twice as much to pay to their. landlords, Tho Right Hon. Chancellor said, if this were ettplttine4 to tbein,- they, would not be -hul to petition, for the aho!itiou of tithes. - imagined ho.stood on good grounds in opposing, this Bill, as It Was stated to he merely introaatory to other steps which he tmi't disepproxe. On its own merits, however„buthouht it evilly to be reje;aoa. fie would wish to !:now whether the Bill was t , ) hill wao to be obligatory, or mealy enahling the to rebeve rrishouers. If the latter, the power existed at the prt. swu MG inent, and the" ant would he negatory . ,4 r it it were to allow a clergyman to bind his .suecessur, the lion. Gentleman must have seen the °bier:lions to this mode. by wheels a person would receive. a great port of the value at once, and le:Re his succe.sser at a amall and inadequate rent. Tlte Hon. Gentlemen would find it impossible to mm trmnouot this cli t li ct il tv . The Right Hon. Gentleman Oleo wetrit into a Livraii, showing that a number of inkuratonntable clitlicultley attended this. part..of the wahject, and that such leases as the Hon. Mo . ver thought might bis easily gratiteci,. 'Could not by any arrangem ent w i t h the Bishop, o r otherwise, he'fairly and properly aseerta?ned in va lue, or (*ranted in Taal to the advantag e o f t h e tenant. —He 1 . 1 ad ' a no t her otijeetion, namely, to milling a measure of this Ron apply particularly to Ireland, Which, in his Opinion, it it were entertaine at all, ought to apply goOt-rally. Upon all the , reconsidora 7 Lions, he trusted the House would negative the Fo sent motion. Mr. TI4HE 'supported the motion, and contended that nothing but a general measure Would,satisty the people of Ireland--.nothing bat the couimutotion oX abolition of tithes. He asserted. that Mr. Pitt was pledged to this measure, and had carried the Union on these grounds. • L Mr. D. BnowNa anxiously wished , his Miiitilty's Ministers would turn their attention to this Bill, or some measuro of she same kiud, , to remove the, watch-Vvord of every roveitt and insurrection in Ire land. Mr. GRATTAN also spoke in 'favour of the 1301. He described the Tii he Prtiaor tt.s t he most arbitrary, oppressive, great little' man in eeistenec ; one who cheated not only the poor men but the,pariee, end Whose beieg at all depended on s the ina4,. ( 4;1,4 t y o f th e pres e n t law. odium which fell ee the Proctors, rose s from them to the Parson, smd from ,the Parson %yes trensfeee.l to the Government, tlttis involving the whole interests of the Empire. It would not be necessary, in making this cioent?ute. tion, to go into a valuation offithee, het merely to commete then' into the amount now enjoyed by . the Clergyman. Tithes, he contentle4, were ties. treetiVe of agriculteral labour and industry, b) , creasing in proportiOn to the produce of the lands.. This would be avoided were a modus settled, end they paid a certain fixed tithe as well as a fixed rent. He knew an instance of an agreement between a Clergyruau and his parishioners, similar to whet the Bill would ena& into a general law, and it letd heel) attended with great advantages as well to the Clergy man as to the cultivators of the ground. This CK):lio mutation of tithes would be one of the greetest blessings th4t could be devised for ltelend, and guarding against the ildlutition of money, he trust ed, would soon be carried into effed. Mr. Matratou FITZGERAtiI thought it a subjel . l of great importance to Ireland, and that seine peki . might be Hoare even at this advanced period of the Session,' He tben entered at large into the state of the peesanny in Ireland, who, he said, ;Ver t ', during the winter, compelled to subsist on potatoes and water. Yet these persons were, compelled, gout of their sotity means, to py tithes, which, elite le