The Sun. — London, England, 1826-11-16 00:00:00

CAMBRIDGE AUXILIARY SOCIETY Tor PROMOTING CHRISTIANITY among the JEWS. The Annual. M e eting of this Society was, Imo''lit the 'Town-Hall, and was nutuerously and respedahly attended. Logi Viscount MANDEVILLE in tire Blast'. The R‘v• • Josern WOLF—After ;atralog s oung for his imperfect pronuneration of the English language, said, " Ladies and Gen. O n sets,. I feel that I am 'aurtp;unded by at quintanees and fthosati, Whom iam truly happy to meet upon this interesting oceasittf; ,but:, as 1 shall have 'to travel with you from Mesopotamia and Persia to Cualwidge, in a less period than an hour, I shall have no time to topare to offer you my congratulations, but will endea vour to wesrate a few particulars as briefly as possible.—l left Carahrialge in the year 1621, and proceeded to Alexandria, for the pF.rpose ofpreaching the got4tel of Jesus Christ to my brethren the Jews—the Gospel of Jesus 'Christ, who is over A 'God fd'essed for ever. I arrived at Alexandria, and Wok„ up my lodging at the house of Mr. Lee, the Britieh Consul ; I bad no thought that the. Jews would Come to search for me, and how should I ? but the Lord's thoughts are not as our thoughts, nor his ways as our ways ; and in a few days I was visited by a number of Jews, both old and young, to whom I proclaimed the Gospel night and day, and distributed among them several hundred copies of the New Testament. Front Alexandria I went to Cairo---but here I shall leave the Jews for a short space, and mention a philosopher whom I met with at Cairo.. This person advised me to speak only with the Rabbles, and not with the ignorant Jews ; but I did not take his advice. The philoso pher said he believed that the pyramids bad been lodges of free. masons, and that. Moses was the first grand-master. This per son was a Roman Catholic by birth, and an infidel by /*vols .. non; end we perceive by this, that pseudo Philose, p 4 and Po pery try to monopolize science and religion ! , and mad mil lions of people to starve, and to sink ir; s c, litter d ar l tr iee s ,— But this philosopher, whilst he was tl:anyittg the potability of n higher communication from Ilcsx,en, pretended to have inter course with heavenly spirits ark persuaded himself that hehad a divine communication. 0, 4 (me „ m ai m h e was in company with me and Mr. Salt,wheit 'sat disected Ilia eyes upwards, and exclaimed, , " I will ensue (!;trectly," We asked him to whom he was speak- mg ; he re;plied that he had had a communination with a heavenly epiritomil was directed to go from Cairo to Calcutta, but that he sho'.ild be hack in half an hour.—(A laugh.).—.l knew it would ka in vain to reason with this deluded man ; and recollecting , that I had a dear friend at Calcutta, I asked him if he would take a letter for me, and bring an answer back again ; and I with to ask Mr. Thomason, who is in this assembly, if he ever - r ec e i ve d a letter from me. Ity this conveyance.—(Lund lainting.)—The phi- loswiner, however, would not take the leter for me; perhaps he eneught that as be was to he so expeditions, it would detain him too long. At Cairo I met with *°" l :4 Cairite Jews (or Children of the Bible, as they call theros;,„ oe o, with whosu I sang their beau tiful hymns, and at tha end of the hymn I added, "Look on him ' whom you have pierced, and mourn, ; and thus by becoming • "a Jew to the Jews," and singing with them their hymns, I have gained More ground than by disputing with them for hours. From Cairo I went n o Mount lloreh and Mount Sinai, am , ma copies -of the Gospels with the Monks at Mount Horeb, tail with the Arabs who vare wanderingin'those parts. Prom thence I went to Joptra, and " lodged at the house of one Simon the tan ner, by the. sea side ;" there also I distributed copies of the Word of Gods and held a conversation with one of the decendante of the gamaeitans about the truths of the Gospel. Poor Samaritans still he liev,,,that our Lout ought to be worshipped upon Mount Gerizim, ar,d not on Mount Zion, From Joppa I went to Jerusalem, "whither the tribes went up ) the tribes of the Lord," and in defiance of Popish Missionaries, and the Pope himself, the Gospel of Christ was given and preached to Jews and Romanistm, to Armeniano, Greeks, and Abyssinians. It was said the Roman Catholics, and Jews would not listen to my instruction, but when I visited Constantinople, I fitund three toindred Jews, who had returned front Jerusalem, praying for the success of my mission. The Pope has used every means in leis power to prevent me ftom preaching the Gyvei to the Rotrien Catholics, and a Bull has been issued by my dear friend, Pope Leo Xl. forbidding any one to converse with Me. I also issued a Bull, commencing with these words, " We, Joseph Wolf, Missionary of the Lord of Hosts, do make our Bull, and command all out- good Catholics not to pay attention to the Bull of the Pope." This had the desired effect ; my house was crowded with Catholics, and the Roman Catholic Archbishop, residing ' upon Mount Lebanon, forwarded my views, and received a neon her of copies of the - New Tenement, which he distributed among his fleck. When I left' Jerusalem, I ..went to 'AtitiOett, and front thence to Aleppo, where I eaThr e d d irei , ,1,4,, h e .,, fore the great earthquake. Here 1 npened.. my mission' and while moo-train with the Jews aluottthe With' tifthe Goss l, the earth, trembled under my fe e t , I 'tta* invited by the m t sleep in their houses of stone, t a ut I pr e f erre d s l eep i ng i n t h e ope air; in the morning the shocks Wulff the earth were terrific, add the hOwlinge under &mid appeared to me like the loadings Of lost • spirits in hell, The Shock lasted about two minutes, and in that short period till the houses, in one of which I had been invited to - sleep, p•na about 60,000 souls, were buried in the bowels of the sant,. The blood gushed ftom the open spaces, and deluged the Vowed upon which I stood. This was an awful moment, and I sochorted the kw Jews by whom I was surrounded, w bow their knees with me in prayer. Then I went to Ur of the Chaldenns— *lira' were the literal children of Abraham, in the birth-place of Abraham ; I was visited by a Rabbi, who saluted me. " Blessed he thou which comsat in the tante of the Lord." He told Me ' they had an axiom, that. when a wise man came to argue' with them, he pushed with his horns; be added, " you are a wise run, and I ant a wise man, now let 114 push with our horns." I told him to begin, and to prepare his horns and push; upon which he began a long rhapsody of unmeaning nonsense, and appeared mightily pleased with his performance. When he had finished, he asked me how I thought he had pushed, I told him what I really 'thought, " that he had pulled like an ox;" he was pleased with what he temildered a compliment, and spoke of me as a Inao of candour awl truth. 'He then told me to push, in reply to him ; I said I had no horns, anti taking a New Testa ment fr , ,int any pocket, I read to him the passage, " Where is the wise - ,?' where is the scribe ? where is the disputer of this world ? l'Ath not God made foolish the wisdom of this world," lee., and from this passage I preached to him the Gospel of Christ. 'I Prat:het! to the Syrian church with the permission of the Syrian Bishop, The Syrian Christians believe they are descendant of the - Jewish converts who were converted by the preaching of the Apostle St. Jameti, and upon Mount Tor, in Mesopotamia, two hundred thousand of them live independently of the Mahomedan authority. They have a custom to go upon a mountain five times every day, to curse Mehemet, his grandfather, grandmother, and his grandchildren; they speak the old Syriac language; ' their Bishops are their gelds in battle ; they have four Patri archs upon Mount Tor; their Patriarch, Barthom by name, is 130 years of age % 'I saw there the mountain of Zarner—,-those ' poor inhabitr a nts are all Ycsidi, or worshippers, of the Devil ; they told Me they never prayed •to God but once a Year; • they r s lsity in the night to the spirit of darkness. ,The molt awful 0,4 considerations is, that IN years ago the Yesidj, on the Mountains of Zanjar, were all Christians, who prayed to Christ ' es the best of friends ; but their Bishops deemed them of the word of GM, and taught them human traditions; and when times of tribute:thin and 'persecution *rose; their Bishops and :Prieto*, and all the' inhabitants of Zanjar, turned Yesides, and worabippolthe Detail, having forgotten the name of the only true 6 ,04; An, old hermit came among them, and warned them, say ing, "Vii motintaineers of Zan*, your Saviour lives--watch!" But the hermit warned theta in vain, and now they are most cruel robbers and murderers. In Persia. the Gospel was proclaimed to Jews and NlA ml"Manat and schools established at Bosorah 'and Thohire ; amid 5h ., ,, -14,,an c a th o li c P r i es t pe rm itted me to preach in' his church from the test...." 'l'hou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church." I showed them distinctly that this text had nothing to do with the Pope of Rome. The name of • Henry Martyu is still known ire Persia. They told ins that I wall the successor of Henry Martyn, and as lie had never been beaten, in Persia, I must take me, far if I wait beaten in argu mint, they should consider Henry Martyn as having been beat. They told sae that Martyrs was a , learnol titan, that he had a good r ( e l l oi n i per, ra th a t r a t t y l i t l e ! tiv o ed 1 1 : 1 1 . r gltoorihe°:dal:llon•ihertllltatlaireetynT talO:ahnasotf nevergo ou ,* kindled a light in Persia that . s i t. Mr. Wolf then stated, that in the spring, in Apr il,,,, he oilfield return to ',Je „won, t ei t l ie h o n e d to be accompanie d of some of the . under () mercy to his Jewish graduates of the University in this visit f brethren. gentleman, ' t i t , 1 ExPENst yr, CHARITY.—An old said, has actually worn out his breeches p ocket by fcelinglor . .money to give to the poar..--Brs g hton Gazette. i ' '"rite e'Russian foWls are lodged during the winter ii n cabins erected, under furnaces, and under benches which are need itti be4 l .. lilt common domestic goose is not met with every where. Many persons keep wild geese; they catch the yoting ones before they can tiy, fat them, and kill them in autumn. :In the spring they catch a fresh stack, and by this arrangement avoid the expellee of their keep during winter, In Siberia are some times sten small wild geese with white heads. Instead of. the do mestic duck, some of the inhabitants keep various kinds of wild tineks. Doves and pigeons make their nests about the villages, 4101 ate . oot the property of particular persona. A t 614 0 Mli lAN fd lilYs • The papers 'last i'Sght received from Caraccas contain some docuttitits officially published at the seat of the,.Qu. lorrtSan Government, which may he usef\ii ttt ttie ( e'redin tors here, in elucidating the *WWI i%:'t.:tilititYn of the Re public. We AA ,threi-eti pato under this head such of thet a are, waittly bt notice, either entire or in part, tttcordMetO he degree of importance they appear to Ifeiskess. The annexed letter from the Minister of Finance to M. Hurtado is curious in two points of view -,tat s in charging the Envoy with culpable negligence; the disposable funds of the RepubiTq lit country, to remain, contrary to his itts`trhetiOns, in the hands of the agent, subitEtbg his Government thereby to an enormous lots t and, 2dly, in the pledge it affbrds of a determination on the part of the Executive of Colombia, to sift to the bottom the whole of the transactions connected with the loans in England, from which it is expected that some %try curious disclosures will be brought to light. REPUBLIC OF COLOIkIiiIA,-*FINANCE DErAIVMENT. BOGOTA, MAY 19, 1826. TO 'THE HON. SIGO:OR MANUEL JOSE HURTADO, MINISTER !LEHI- POTENTIARY OF THE REPUBLIC IN LONBON. Inasmuch as by a communication from your Excellency,- dated the kith of February last, No. 62, it appeare, that at the period of the failure of Messrs. 13. A. Goldschmidt and Co., there re mained in the hands of that house, according to your Excellencv's calculation, a balance of 350,0004 sterling, the Gover: ament. ..,,." which on the one hand owes to the nation a:„ otomit a a ll i ts transactions, and, on the other, adv 'erts to le general desire to be informed in all the minutes! , points relative to this business, to learn the losses or vestig i ate the t7; no l e con d uc t o f it, fain points which have been expaiince;l, and to 111.• WO tar as the affair has pro ceede"%-rommands the to otter to your Excellency certain observe - tins, in order tieft you may inform me respecting them, and satisfy ma With all the clearness and minuteness possible. The averment being ignorant of the motives for having a `balance of 350,0001. in the hands of Messrs. B. A. Goldsehmidt and Co., has been unable to answer the inquiries of the Chamber on this point, and still less has it been able to say whether the money so left yielded interest or not. It certainly was not by the desire of the txectitive that thls step has been taken; on the contrary, it Was reckoned& by them, from the beginning, that all the fluids Would 'remain under your Excellency's controul, in such a inktnner that they would not only be perfectly secure, but that they would also yield some interest. The note which your Excellency wrote to me, under (late of the 6th May, 1824, numbered: IS, is a proof of this, since you conclude with the followirr WOru A s runtorrnity with the contract, all the funds '..r(tbt loan NM been placed at my disposal, and I have c a mi Lenced the flatulent of your Excellency's instrue tkins." ,rya trot that in a despatch of the 25th of May, .in the 5511 :.e yetry autribered t 6, in Which you announce having agreed with Messrs. Goldschmidt, subject to the approbation of your Governnient, Mat 'the house should retain the sums net apart for the rliVideti& and sinking fund, on paying interest at the rate of 3 *l' tenC to the Republic ; and it is equally true that, in my reply of the 18th November following, of the same year, in which I expressed to you my satisfaction at the conclusion of the loan, it might be understood the approval of this measure was also to be inferred from the general approbation of your conduct for having adhered to your instruction; nevertheless, it is clear that I never r outtl haVe contemplated the placing in the custody of that bailee Other funds beyond the dividends for the two first Yearts, and the one per cent. for the sinking fund. It is requisite,' therefore, that your Excellency should inform me of the reasons which have induced you to adopt a contrary comae, and that you enter into a justification of this proceeding, with whatever else may put the Government into the manakin of jedging with -accu racy in this respect. I trust you will he able to do so, end to that end I have the honour to announce to your Excellency the . order of the Government. God guard your Excellency._ J. M. DE CASTILLO. These papers also contain it decree of the Colombian Congress, for securing to the Government all the advan tages derivable from the production of plating, of which valuable metal a great quantity is found in Combia. It is proposed to establish, under the control of the Govern ment, houses for purifying and refining it, and tenders were to be received for fulfilling by private contract this branch of the public service. • All the ore of plating found in ; the Republic is to be brought to these factories, and soldiat a fixed price., When purified and wrought into bars, !they . are to be stamped with the arms of the Republic, and sold in that state at the fixed price of six dollars the mike.— ' Money is also to be coined of this metal, and circulated in the republic at this proportion of value (six dollars: the owe) ; to its gold and silver circulation. The exportation of plating in the state of ore is strictly prohibited, and pro prietors of mines of that mineral are forbidden to sell any of the ore to private individuals, under a penalty of 50 dollars for each pound. _ . Another decree has been issued for increasing the duty on tobacco, and for fixing the ratio of the increase, which varies in die different provinces where it is'produced, and awarding to the various qualities of the article itself. The same ignorance of the principles of trade, as well as of tax ation, is shown in this decree as in that respecting platina, inasmuch as it fixes the price at which the tobacco shall be sold in the various departments of the Republic. A like control is to be exercised over that tobacco intendedj for exportation.--Tintes. CORN LAWS. farmer. Conclusion of the meeting of the inhabitants of the Borough . of Southwark, held yesterday at the Town-hall. • Mr. Mouunpin then rose in explanation—He expected after the severe satire of the last speaker, on the ignorance of the Meeting relative to the price of corn, to have bad a full elucida tion from his own lips. His speech was certainly pithy, because filled ep with something-4a laugh),but he could not concur in his views with regard to the ultimate effect of the revision of the Corn Laws. lie recollected, too, when the parish of Bermond sey petitioned against the Corn Laws, Mr. H. Sumner said, pre sent it, hut he should not support it; and they might turn him out if they liked. His Learned Friend 110 talked of the wool trade, and said that wool was lying in the warehouses rotting ; it Was not so, if they hail rotten wool in their warehouses, they would he eaten by moths, and liable to he indicted for a nuisance : it was the corn that was rotting in the warehouses. • Mr. ELtas begged to say a few words in explanation—where titt;re was a meeting of manufacturers, it all went one way ; and when the agricultural interest met, it all went their way. Ilehad no doubt but that when the Corn Law question came to he dis cussed in St. Stephen's Chapel, both the agricultural and the ma nufacturing interests would have their advocates, and both armies would fairly meet. • Mr. Miti.s denied that there were two armies; we were em barked in the good ship England, and must he all on one side. -He then remarked on the Game Laws. Ile said there were other things which the poor man wanted besides the revision of the Corn Laws; they wanted employment, and wages for their employment ; it was proved, that at the time the agriculturist was rolling in wealth, the labouring man was the- inmate of the workhouse. Our: ancestors protected the labourers; they were to he paid according to the price of wheat; and he contended that something of the kind ought to take place at this time. We used to talk of the French wearing wooden shoes, now our poor were going without any shoes to their feet. Ha hoped the gentle man who last spoke would withdraw his opposition. Mr. Gir-Lits contended, that the only thing that could rrlievs the distress ef-the country would he the abolition of all sinecures and pensions. By the Bleak Book it appeared that the present Secretary of State. had his mother and two sisters At present re ceiving pensions from the country. In the parish in which he resided the application for parochial relief were beyond all y belief. As to the Corn Laws, he did not care any thing. If the overn rent only issued a metallic currency they would have no thin g to qir, as the Corn Laws would abolish themselves. the Brittith t Atier a few words froM Mr. Name, in reply to Mr. Ellis, landholder? I t protecting . Armstoap ruse , and begged to observe on the subject of the . :tint; price Of corn. Ile would ask what was it that made landholder - of consequence than the foreign more , landinurlde was because he lived in a country which was sur irsysizinstufavtettr;sstice Anollnetthoathimhe, Ent e n d ot w u as ) t , he th i i . s u t in th o e f . all ether dime s , to a small protecting dut‘t,,owlsrld certainly solutions. Ile perfectly agreed in the propriety of the Re- Mr. lit,Lta said, that the Dinning of the ports for corn, subject abroad ; but that rise price of corn was lowered , the continue only for a time- If the raise the price of corn lish farmer had to pay m ost I T !' nts and labours which the Eng * 50, be lowered, It was impossible for the English farmer to be put in competition with the foreign An inhabitantont,eoe4 that s l l ovisions counter. Wed Oit. rtivintOktindence ; and if any Government pro hibitiei the importation of corn, when the country was in a state of starvation, that Government had to answer for their conduct in the eyes of the Almighty ; he hoped that this circumstance would be embodied in the resolutions. Mr. Mour.ntxu said, that the farmer l .fkotnthkbith ptice of corn, was not enabled to th'e poor rates fell principally en tibe butche r ; and baker, and a ll t ra d esmen who sold • SA 7'lol prowsuim. the RIGII 13Aturr read a resolution handed to him by an in habitant, it was as follows :—" That all restrictions on articles of human subsistence, are contrary to the intention of the Almighty," it was not seconded. The HIGH BAILIFF then put the Ant resolution, ; Vitas carried with only one aissentir.g t Ws, Ain, rose to speak on the second resolution, the benefit thy intended the revision 'of the 'Corn Laws, tended More for)he relief of the rich Man than the poor man; it was cer-. tam that the national debt most be paid, and he Cer i titinly Slimed with the resolution. . . The Iltatt B AIL IFF then put the resolutions to the meeting, which were carried tinatdrnously. The third resolution waa thin moved by Mr. AMWAY ? 144 I 'Wag seconded, Issas earned tmenitnously. Resolved, That Petitions . • , "se both Houses of rarliatnint. that the intreuea on t he above Resolu tions, be presented Petition t w c, th i m ust of Contemns he presented by C Calvert, grit tha f§if iltobett Wilsoh ; and that they be reoneated to Sup die same. that thi Petition to the irony'. of Lords be pie rented by Lord king, • The Petitinu fo4ndeti on the resolutions was then read. The High Bailiff said that they had heard the petition read, those who were of opinion that it should be adopted, should sig nify the same in the usual way. The petition was then carried unanimously. Mr. Caz.vicaT said the best lantl in tillage was rented at 50'. per acre; on an averar. the eorn grown on an acre of land produ ced three s a cks of fl o ur, that would make about 940 quarters IniiVes; it the landholder reduced the rents one third it would naly produce a reduetion of one halfpenny per loaf, as the average rent of land . was thirty shillings per acre, and the taking off one third, I Os., , would only be one halfpenny on the loaf. All the commodities of the labourer were taxed. He could not lay thAvn in a bed that was not taxed. He could not pot on a coat that was not taxed, the very air he breathed was taxed ; and in fact, the only thing he could do without being taxed, was that of speaking. It was his opinion that the ports ought to be opened, subject to a duty for the protection of trade. The agriculturists were undivided in their opinions, the first vote he gave in the House of Commons was against these obnoxious laws; he was out of a minority of Seven against upwards of three hundred. He would recommend the agriculturists to follow the plan adopted by medical gentlemen when they were ill ; they generally consult ed some one else on their complaint ; he would advise them also to do so. Sir R. Wason next presented himself, and was very warmly received. It would have been to him, he said, a a surprise if the inhabitants of the Borough had omitted to come forward on this important occasion—to come forward, not indeed with any narrow views for their own individual benefit, but with the desire to co-operate with other parts of the kingdom for the relief of the whole. It would, he repeated, have been a source of surprise, had the inhabitants of the Borough not come forward to instruct their representatives as to the measures which ought to be adopted. The time was now arrived when apathy in any portion of the people would be highly culpable. This was not a time to separate into distinct classes with opposing interests, but for the union of all for the common benefit. He would assure the Meeting, that only those who visited the country could state the situation of the manufacturing poor hi some districts, for famine and disease, and their attendant evils, had already visited the cottage of the peasant. It was only that morning he had received the copy of a petition about to be presented to. Parliament, and which he was requested to support. It was signed by the heads of 250 families of Glasgow and its vicinity, the whole of these familia' consisting of 1,250 persons. He would read to the Meeting two paragraphs from it, which would make the meeting believe that one of our poets had spoken in a sort of prophetic vision when he said— " The country blooms a garden and a grave." The petitioners stated, That to preserve themselves from the obnoxious and degrading state of pauperism, your petitioners, when they can procure work, have to toil incessantly for 16 hours in the day, to earn a wretched morsel, and hundreds of them,. in addition, havA been forced to part with every moveable relict of their former industry. The labour they are now aubject to . does not deserve the honourable and virtuous appellation of industry ; it is slavish and brutifying in the extreme; the fruits of it are poverty and disease, mental and physical ; and were it not for the prospect that such a condi tion would seriously engage the attention of your Honourable House, your petitioners would at once resign themselves to the horrors of absolute despair. The petitioners added, and their prayer or suggestion 4hOwed, the extent of their distress, Under the impression that the Legislature eau no longer delay the consideration and amendment of their condition, your peti tioners humbly suggest the propriety of their• being removed to some of Majesty's colonies, particularly to Tipper Canada, which, besides relieving this country from their maintenance, would render them in a few years useful members of society, and valuable subjects of Great Britain. • What, he would ask, must he the misery of those unfortunate per sons, when, as a relief, they solicit that which was awarded as the next punishment to that of death-..a banishment from their native country? Would it not be thought, that the poet to whom be had before adverted had these melancholy circumstances in his view when he wrote—. " Even now methinks, u pondering here I stand, " I see the rural virtues leave the land ; w w W a a • " Downward they move a melancholy band, " Pass from the shore, and darimt all the strand." And adverting to the cause of this dismal removal, the poet thus speaks of luxury as that cause— " Kingdoms by thee to sickly greatness grown, , " Boast of a florid vigour not their own ; " At every draught, large and more large they grow " A bloated mass of rank unwieldy' woe ; " Till, sapp'd their strength and, ev'ry part unsound, " Down, down they sink, and spread a ruin round." Still, however, he did not see cause to despair, if the country only made those exertion* which were yet in its power. But he would advise that they should act upon the principle, not of put ting down the corn-grower for the sake of the manufacturer, or the manufacturer to uphold the corn-grower, the best rule they could go upon, was to "live and let live.” He did not want to take the trade out of the hands of the British farmer, nor would he wish that the latter should have it in his power to deal out bread to the great body of the people at a famine price, end thus throw them for relief on the poor-rates. The honourable and gallant member then went on to point out the advantages of allowing the menu lecturer, by a fair price of corn, to send out an article that would came to the price at which the foreign consumer could afford to he a purchaser. Jae next proceeded to advert to the necessity of a union of all parties, in striving for a reduction of those burdens which pressed so heavily on . them equally. He would like to see the country gentlemen employed in endeavouring to remove those burdens which pressed so heavily on their tenants. But they should do more, they should endeavour to get rid of the game laws, those fertile sources of crime and bloodshed; they should also restore back to the poor some of those commons whill were enclosed under the impression (the honest, he would admit, but mistaken one) that they would greatly improve , the agriculture of the country, whereas they had proved a source of much public injury and private loss and suffering. But the country gentlemen should do more, they s h ou ld endeavour to ma k e the people happy, an d encourage the di s p os i t i on to i nnocen t . enjoyments. He was s orr y to see that inste a d o f th i s preference was given to woe-begone countenances, and to the Jeremiah -making system—which tended to foster dulness and breed discontent. He regretted much that some of the magistrates of Leeds and Edinburgh were of this east, in taking such pai ns as t h ey h a d re cently to prevent poor sh avers from exercising their trade on a Sunday. After dwelling some time upon this as an absurd proceeding, the gallant member went on to observe, that with respect to economy, much. was in the power of the legislature, by an improved . mode of collecting the revenue, by 4 different system in the colonies, and by a general conciliation, which would render a smaller military force sufficient. As to other modes of econoiny.he had beard of many. lie bad heard of reduction of interest, and equitable adjustments; but for his of t ti e r( he public cre di tor , while a single unnecessary pension or own part, he w ou ld think any suc h ex perime n t a wanton *polio useless place remained iinredueed*—(""l.B°) It was moved and tarr i e d that the petition do lay for sig na ture ' e t the Town H a ll and the Vestry Room. MOUPPINQ moved the thanks of the Muting to the two Re presentative' f or _ t h e Town an d Borough of S out h war k, f or their ; kind attention to us this day, and for their general conduct in Parliament. Mr. CALVIGhT and Sir R. WILSON shortly returned think*. . Thanks were thee move d to the High BIWA who tiarhig turned thanks, t he Meeting broke up. MANCHESTER, TUESDAY EVENING, Nov. 14. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) 'We have again experienced an uncommonly flat market for every article in our trade, and the general appearance of business for the remainder of the year is far from being promising., Th t l . fetyllnyers whO live itesedted themselies in tie market to-day have been attempting to make their purchases at lower prices, and we believe, in some instances, have succeeded. The holders of nearly every kind of goods have been doing little more than looking on, not being able to effect sides except fit 11 ftlEtbcr rtductic,z4 to that they did not like to submit. , In velveteens the sales are very, drill , and prides ttilitalli &Wit Wait' E tiVi6t p reference tb piece good ' s,) both in higher as well as in the lower numbers, claim the attention of the buyeri, and sales ,to a much goster extent have been effet . ed at prices similar to our last, lveek'.4 Tlfe cotton market is veik Mid prices much thk 'Mt* as our former quotation. MEETING of the BOROUGH of DERBY, ON THE SUBJECT OF THE CORN LAWS. (Abridged froth The betty itepOftet, received last night.) At twelvt O'clock this day, in putsdance of a Requisition most adulterously and respectably signed, and acceded to by the Worthy Mayor, a Meeting of the Requisitionists, and a large body of the other inhabitants of the Borough, at• tended in the Town Hall. JOHN BELL CROMPTON, Esq., apologiied for the un+ avoidable absence of the Mayor, who had been obliged to attend at sonic distance from Derby. War. 81%01', Esq. then rose to propose that Mr. John Bell Crompton should, in the absence of his father, be called to the chair. This was agreed to, and Mr. J. B. Crompton took the chair accordingly. The Requisition was then read by T. Bryan Balguy, Esq. the Town Clerk. The CHAIRMAN said, the Meeting would perceive that the subject matter on which they had been called together was a revision of the Corn Laws; for which purpose an appeal to Parliament was intended. EDWARD STRUTT, Esq., m moving- the Resolutions, said,—When I recollect that the present subject embraces the most vital interests of the country—the prosperity of our trade and manufactures, and the price of the principal necessary of life—l am convinced that it is a question which ought not to be dismissed in a very few words; that it is a question on which it is necessary to appeal rather to the understanding than to the passions; and that I should be acting in a manner both discreditable to myself and dis respectful to you, if I were.not to attempt to enter, as well as I am able, into an examination of the principle on which it depends. If the Corn Laws be injurious to the interests of this country, they must be so in consequence of their giving . a monopoly to the home produce, and thus raising the price of corn. It is necessary, therefore, in the first place, to understand what are the circumstances which re gulate the price of corn, since, in this respect,it differs from many other commodities. If, for instance, the consumption of any article of manufacture were to .be considerably in creased, the additional supply could be obtained, in all probability, Corn, because y i cat pricethesameeesethe additional as bedfoirte4al supply butthis mustisnot thepro eusiel with be obtained from lands of an inferior quality, and con sequently at an increased expellee. Thus, when a coun try is thinly inhabited, none but the best lands ;are cul tivated, and the price of Corn is consequently low. — But as population advances, an additional supply of Corn is required. This additional supply can only be obtained by cultivating the inferior lands, and, in order to enable them to be taken into cultivatio n, the price of Corn must rise. Thus it is invariably found that the price of Corn has a tendency to rise as population increases. But if a country should possess a greater population than her neighbours, in proportion to the extent and fertility of her soil', she must either import a part of the Corn she requires from other countries;. or if she refuses to do so, and pro duces it all for herself; she must be content to pay a much 'higher price; Now, such is the case with Great Britain at the present moment. Our population is proportionally greater than that of our neighbours. The Corn Laws prevent us from regularly importing any part of our Corn ; and this monopoly enhancing the price, acts as a heavy tax upon the consumers.—lt is not very difficult to give some idea of the probable amount of this tax.- It is calculated that the whole annual consumption of different kinds of grain in this country is uot less than 40 millions of quar ters. It is probably much greater—probably 50 millions —but at the lowest calculation it cannot be less than 40 millions. For every shilling per quarter, therefore, that the price of corn is raised, in consequence of the Corn Laws, a tax of 40 millions of shillings, or of two millions of pounds sterlingisimposed upon the country. If, then, we suppose the price of corn be raised only 55. per quarter in consequence of the Corn Laws, this tax will amount to 10,000,000/. • or, if we suppose it to be raised 10s.; per quarter, to die enormous sum of 20,000,000/. I need not tell you that so enormous a tax must be highly injurious to the interests of the community. If it is r u e d r n h paid directly by the consumers of co rn , it mus t b e most oppreisive to the labouring class e s i n di m i n i s hi ng t h e i r scanty pittance. But if, as i s p ro b a bl y t h e case, they are to a certain degree, re munerate d b y a r i se o f t h e i r tt l h e e to labourerincrease inevitably follow must u h s i t s h c s %s v vosu a hs g ci seth e eoh s cia — gui riseev i n n tetht hl g tey t e h ef‘r i va v s enti sle: dcri a : be twtghe s oi :iclhhvee e s h a h u b s t m h u e s t c a m p ah i tn e i s s t u s o l r i e m r ts p a ofit s uf ac r o p t a n cap i tal,ida: continuance of the present system. There cannot be a greater mistake than to suppose that a high price of eons is beneficial to the farmer. So far is this from being the case, that in all those countries in which • I I agricu tnm pro fits are high, as for instance, America, the price of corn is low, but then the rent of land is low also. I do not mean to assert, that a sudden abolition of the Corn Laws might not be productive of some temporary distress to the farmers, especially to those who are leasehold ers ; but we may be assured that the Corn Laws are produc tive of no permanent benefit to the farmer, and that whenever we hear of securing a remunerating price to' the farmer, all that is meant is the obtaining a high rent for the landlord. We are to remember that the landlords are the most: in fluential class in the Legislature; that, to use the words of Lord Milton, "the Landowners are .the Members of Parliament, and the makers of Members of Parliament ;" that it was to support their rents that the Corn Laws were first enacted, and that it is for the same purpose that it will now be endeavoured to contines them. Why, I would ask, are rents so much higher in this country than in Russia or Poland ? Or, why is the condition of the landowner at present so much superior to what it was two centuries ago? Is it not iu consequence of the extension of our trade and manu factures, and the increase of our wealth and population? Surely, then, it would be a most shallow policy in the landowners to up hold a system which must ultimately tend to ruin our trade, im poverish our resources, and diminish our population. But there is another mode in which the Corn Laws act most injuriously to all classes, to the , landowners as well as the rest--I mean, by causing fluctuations in the price of grai n . lf we were to take the produce only of a single fi eld, we should _find that it would be very different in different years ; that it would vary perhaps two or three fold. If we were to take the produce of an extensive dis trict, we should find that it would vary much less, b eainee t h e weather, which would be u nfavourable m . to souse lands, would be favourable to others. And it is probable that the annual produce of the whole world, o wing to the diversity of soil and c limate, is near ly uniform since we very frequently fi n d, t h at w h en t h er e is a scarcity.f corn in one country, there is a superfluity in ,an • other. In order,, therefore, to keep tbe price of corn uniform, the m arket from Which we are supplied should be as extensive as possible. 11 I would ask, why were fautines.so much more com mon • former times than at present? Wax it not because, forn the l i m i te d means. of communication, every district: was depend ant s olely upon itself for its agricultural produce, and could not, i n case of scarcity, he supplied. from its neighbours ? The corn taws produce, in a less degree, exactly the same elect at present. They prevent the superfluity of one country from being sent off to supply the necessities of another, and are thus most prejudicial to the interest of all classes of society. To the landowner, whose property is often only a lita-i nennie , an d su bj ec t to incurnbrances, it must surely bs most important that it should not be (foetus tingco:vlbilutitknnetnhotuat:hooteosbhtehaouintld:skwinhinoejulno• t t oh h iew e . r et. es ot o u ur on ce daer s re on oe a w preb h u i sn c ed h nat li nst e rter4 re m all: to p depend . rieeof eo r nT is o t c h o e m fa m rm on e l r y , h fl i u g e t t e u r ati i o n ns th in is th c e ou p n r t i r cit y o thawf grit,: hasa r t i e : exceed d the ordinary home consumption, the farmer is una ble to a Scar of mat abundance . is uniformly , a, period Y of sig ti. isp l ose of the produce, and prices become taitictuil low.-- This, cultural distress. Cali We peg a stio;igi)i - penaure on the pte" sent system, than what has feed often jititly Observed,,, tii4 it renders the bounty of nature a curse, atid Pei the cp . 7 • 1 tivator of the soil an interest directly opposed to tha t. Of t h' :VC 31 tin Ctillitlintlitis To the labouring classes, flueltilv tion in tae price of bread must be productive of the melt lAisailiiqui eorisequences: But we are told, that however injerione the torn Lar‘vii friiii lit:, jet Plait fife Legislature have n o right to make arty alteration in theitt ; did there aft Write persons in ex alted stations, who have gone go far al l td &elate, that they should regard any atteratiOn in the present system as a violation of private Property, and . that they, should consider it their duty to take every means in their power to suppOit the value of those estat es which they had inherited from their ancestors. I Wotdd tell mich per' sons, and I trust the people will tell them, that they fie* have received from their ancestors an hereditary right to r i d ~ fellow-countrymen. Nay, I would tell them, that the fact whira they assumed is utterly false, since the Corn Laws did not exist in the time of their ancestors. It is only thirty or forty Yea ° , which we :principally com p l ain , p was not since the Corn Trade was comparatively free, and the Act °' period as 181 b. I would then ask you, I would ask all ni l ' prejudiced men, whether, considerino . that the Corn Laws were passed at so late & period, considering that they were passed solely ruein consequence of the influence which the landowners posse" i n 1 Legislature—whether it is fair that we are not only to he refil' ii 6 all redress, but that, when petitioning for relief, we ate, w 4 „: charged with attempting a violation of private property ? '". - too good an opinion of the landowners of this country, to belle" that such sentiments are at all general amongst them. But there is soother class who defend the Corn Laws on the ground that they a re really beneficial to the country. These are the perss:re who' arrogate to themselves the proud title of practical men (; ,' ,lO Passed till to law a seem to suppose , that because they may he better qualifiel th 6, their neighbours to estimate the weight of an ox or the produi:e off a corn field, that they must therefore necesearily theoiluitte, judging of the e ff ect of legislation on the agriculture, manatwi tures, and the commerce of the empire. These are the peraon a s a ... ., who brand their opponents with the odious name of theorist . The fact is, that we have all our theories --the pra ctical men as! well as the rest. But whilst a good theory is founded orn °t whiche larged view of the subject—upon those general principles fi e d A t the same are the result of an extensive experience , mod!, ..,., th time by the peculiar circumstances of each Pary cw- oe , vie: theories of the practical men are founded only of the question. If you will favour sue with Y°t lr t he ories little longer, I will endeavour to shoal, that of 41 the now which have ever been proposed on this subject, there lire w oe more destitute of all foundation in reason or "Pienceithese more utterly visionary than those of these practical inen- A h i a e professed despisers of theory. Their first theory, and one 0 11 :: / ,.4 they mainly rely, is, that if the Corn Laws were to be r: s . a i , the country would be unable to bear the burden of the o f Now I think I am justified in assuming that the capability oi, , country to bear taxation must depend upon the amount 01;, annual income. And even admitting that an alteration iii, tha Corn Laws might, to a certain degree, diminish the rot el lia , landowners, it would certainly, in a much greater degree, ia,_e rt ia • the incomes of the other classes, and consequently the wheit * th . come of the country, instead of being diminished, would be fil„ e1 ;, increased. To say, therefore, an alteration in the prevent t's v would diminish the power of the country to pay taxes, i' l ,f . : 4' in other words, that the greater our income the lees able r ' ai l to pay our taxes, or that the removal of one heavy DI ar ,,, ti el on a narrattention a render us less liable to pay those which remain. Tbi" " t e' first theory of the practical men ; but, 2dly, they tell es til' ou , alteration in the Corn Laws would be injurious to the In oo , facturers, because they would thus lose their hest mow, ~f , According to them, the landowners are the nio,t disintereste:co sons in the world. They do not support the Corn LaW, . 1 4 any selfish motive; but they kindly allow a certain sunieolble;,,,, to be annually thrust into their pockets, solely with th 1" lent view of encouraging the manufactures of their cooltirrY.,, answer to this argument, I will put an exactly r imila ' a ra t ' r ' so , Suppose that an agent of Government were to call oPo" .. nc d o t this tax was levied solely for his benefit finer' man and demand 501., and were to tell him at the same t . il ...., a , true that 40 of these pounds would be utterly log t t ° i, tur ato rotr" , yet that the remaining 10 would he paid to one of n o , the trade*" who would probably spend it at his shop. 11 , cath !„ z i z ery ? trade*" man think that he was adding io n " f eec ' tid to slifr t on precisely the same principles re'd are : e-' enstomett. this tax on corn, with the hope r ' ierel'A cur d • e a( o. ii _, ;( .4„, $) When I tell you that these are the arguments, which, prop' day, throughout the whole of last Session, wer;aiantot,-thst tied by Peers of the realm, in their : pla tes in ;on bY roast these are the arguments which were mainly relit llp ou *ill a noo, of the Gentlemen of the other House, I am ssnel. Till that they are, at any rate, worthy a serious refutation le -....50ne , an , tions for any supply of corn, is an argument which has great weight with sonic r . c. .it has 'which I should not do right to plus over withou 0 011 ,„, 40 in; alth o . o F. h eo ::o " ry, been thought, that if we were to be dependent llS s o n ; 0 "0, 0 1in , we ihmild be he a serious , i 0 1 1 .4 g° , _ b i l e c ie 6 /: t°l in time of war. This would, indeed, such apprehensions. Le us only consider with h vr' ri i e pr cies in common use we are constantly supplied bY,_,., i , ti al e change of system ; but I can perceive no ground)lo‘u_sey arts" tions, and which we find no di ffi culty in procnri7. 6 of 'n either of peace or war. I would take, for e XaMP holoe ner . Ott an hr, population of cotton wool. It is well k n own , e m an ~, population is employed in this Country in I nure in tri e ., facture of cottons, and, consequently, that 11 . 1 9 9 ,_ . :i ii ths t in a , supply of cotton wool would cause the utmost ( . 0 1 :7 1 „ o f c o il nufsetering. districts. Yet, although our whole . olni o r e oicste to wool must be imported from abroad, and althougti), it assert, that throughout the whole of the last , wsi r i e fi ' cie t oe y 4, sir e t tress was ever occasioned in consequence of din ev ery P ir ~. in comparatively only a small part of the world, :: 111 _;,.. e i r' et t : rde r_ supply. But Corn, on the contrary, is cultivat e . to o it rel';' e f the globe, and we should never import more theiL s s shirt ier 411 tion of our whole consunaption. All eppeehe m `:,`"; , me stn 0"*„., famine, from removing restrictions on the corn tra il ) r , _ tatot ioe co w• ro, some o r the g i! . pe ign 1 . 0 gr i t o w u o n u d i l d e a s be. n n l i s a s i r t I y to , we removeare t o a ld n so long as protection is continued to our Or e olufac, 00 7 , y b p y art of the datY u :r ec tures' or . suppose that any considerable proportion of eli o c i l sn m u tter l e g be can, at present, require protection, alie wa „, ao rcelY 1141 , O f ranee of the state of the fact, that I coma rarely *don ee)). ory lieved that such an argument could beg,...au aw $ t the oo r , what use can protection be to our Ineinum;i, the born e lo so time when they not only supply the 11'11°1.00er of the floe ket, but are forcing their way into el., „ a o p fore i g n ref in spite of the high duties and prohibition 0f O ur rnatr" - V manta ? It is trite, that some brill gll . °oteetion ot " a ore have unfortunately been hampered by p ot Lie expedient a t gislature—at protection which it might .... ho e,.su' coe , • iortou t ge r et to and entirely to remove ; although MI ~,.. „Orono one tend that no alteration should be made in the ; tide a teurr o e se been taken towards that end. But it's ritil. until all protection is removed from duties ev w hist' fit o , en factures, especially when it is these hig i tto. for i d e . od great obstacle to the removal of that ?rote° f the FA chell ti tnti° part, I sun of opinion, that the Cle.ncel or 0 . , e ,„ th a ir le for the President of the Board of Trade arc entitle t .. r tem iy 0 10 ", e e o of their counfry for the efforts which they bay ° a a nd I l ia . t , will the removal of restrictions from our commerce. ;coo", it b dutiel ° // ,,,er doubt, that if they will persevere in their oorl , g f their f ed ber t ha acquire reputation far surpassing that or any 0 ider o bet rop itY It is therefore for the people of England to 'it' ll ' may the °P„P i i 3 O eed aft will give them their support. Never again ---. . 0 te s _,, r e occur. Never again may we have a Ministry' so n ` n v : do ire,t e e tt r ; i f this important question. lf, then, you l'n'v e ...,bi,,, acOo n 0 , Or serve the reputation which you have so holr , u_i_".. c ' eo etrY , _ t i r o+ you take any concern in the prosperity of rf .. ~etitiont i'll, t he welfare of your posterity, you will send illi.: ° ;' , ii t rus i _ i ' L lo) this iniquitous and oppressive tax, g enet! non , , th ix p oi , almost unanimous signiori-es of the inhabitant o' . _ town. Mr. Alderman Lowe seconded the Resolutions. The Resolutions were unanimously can ied. . ar to' WILLEAM EvANS' ER(I. proposed the Petition for to! ~r,,, of the meeting, and remarked, that the fluctuations itt to e ii i ,,lte corn was a ruinous circumstance ; to the por , vi r ' or e MO ~,,,I e chided tabita made him but little calculated• to motor into, t ote' °ln diminution "la ntillannisaodte o thi f ra h g t h, re parin n dces t wwaohuod;ea;:ftluYifol'eflajoil iweat:USeetd:Ceprfr‘reerCia:7l'.o°_,Hnif:Prilrt‘il so closely as it should do. And it vrai equally ioj trwrudtrol landowner, who, in general, was not remarkable for 1 10 Pf,,,,tof At the conclusion of Mr. Evans's speech, the Petition '''- Wit,u.att Razes., Esq. seconded the Petition. who Jor Cox, Eaq• proposed, that the Duke of P e r s t i, s cd t, requested to ►resent their Petition to the Rouse of r esen t it 4 , ti the Members for the Borough he requested top House of COMMOttf• whichn di tb e a m nk esti r ofoltbwe lfecaetooding.weris then voted to the o # 4r; 11°