The Sun. — London, England, 1864-07-29 00:00:00

THE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA. (From tl ,e Times Correspondent.) NEW YORK, July 15. The Confederat a army, having isalated Washing ton during three days from the rest of the country, having attacked. it with a force sufficient to terrify if not to captur e it, and having rendered it adoubta ful matter to ;he President and his whole Cabinet whether it wou Id be better that they should remain at their posts, t ,21 - a refuge in a gunboat, or transfer themselves bo !Hy to New York, has disappeared as mysteriously as it came. There can be no doubt that commu aication between Washington, Balti more, and Vile North, both by rail and telegraph, has been vas tored, but there is very considerable doubt whether the bulk of the Confederate army is not still in Ala - Irland. The theory of the invasion that found mot favour yesterday, when the news was received tb.at the Confederates had unexpectedly avithdrawn fr.= Washington, and that a portion of their forces had crossed the Potomac, was that the in was a mere diversion, for the double pur pose of obtaining supplies and of disconcerting the sche,mes, an d. operations of General Grant at Peters burg, and t: hat it had been successful in both. It alleged t'act when General Hunter found himself unable to capture Lyncaburg, and retreated west ward toss , ards the Ohio, General Early took imme diate adTrantage of his mistake or misfortune, and, at the 'need of a large force, marched up the She nandoa h to seize tae cut, stacked, and abundant harvest in the valley, thence into Maryland with a similar design, not alone upon the crops, but upon the hr.rses and cattle, and all other available pro perty to be met with on his route, alarming the Federal Government for the safety both of Bal ti more an d Washin g to n , but having no real ins ;rat i o n of risking a great battle fo r th e posses sky a of either. It was furthermore asserted that ing done all he meant to do, and been successful , his hopes bey ond General Early retired with his boot .y, well aware that to attempt could be made to cu t off his retreat. To-day, however, this theory no long ;er finds the same acceptance. It is admitted that a considerable body of the Confederates has cros, 3ed the Potomac at Edward's Ferry, driving bufel. re it immense herds of cattle, and other spoils of S 7 ar, but not that this force, whether great or ama LI, formed the bulk of the invading army. It is bell( ed that, in all the marchings and counter mar :things of the last ten days General Early's cave dry and General Breckinridge's infantry were alone engaged ; that their object was not only to gather spoil, of which they stood greatly in need, but to confuse and bewilder the Federal Government a %nd the Northern people by the rapidity and com p !exity of their movements, and to threaten far m ore than they either intended or had the means to pet form, while the great master mind of the cam paig 13, General Lee, himself at the head of 40,000 or &).000 men, was quietly and effectually operating in another direction. Whether this explanation of the mystery be correct a few days will show. In the meantime, the easy Northern people believe tha the danger is over. The patient has had a yarning of his •wrong course of Living in the shape of a very cringe of the gout He has taken the medi cine ; h s feels better ; believes that there is nothing esseotiaL!y the matter, and has recommenced his old excE bses with renewed gusto and sense of enjoy. mcznt. sf3vere After threo years of such bard fighting as the world !las seldom seen, the situation resolves itself in th North into the comforting knowledge that " Washington is safe," and in the South int o the proud boast that " Richmond is impregnable." The " safety " of each capital has not, however, been purchased by the same mei ►rns. Whatever that of Richmond may have cost the Confederates, no humiliation enters into the ac cou at; while the safety of Washington, if it be assoa ed at this moment—which is more than any one can conscientiously affirm until it is known whore Gen. Lee is and what ho purposes doing—has cost the Federals, in addition to men and money (for which they care but little), very nearly all their libezties (for which they seem to care still less), together with that prestige and character which are involved the fact that such an invasion as Early's could have been made so successfully and with such all but perfect impunity. Nor is the apathy with which the whole movement has been regarded throughout the North the least extraordinary part of the business. No public meetings were called to sup port the Government, no fiery patriot uttered a - word of " buncombe ;" nobody put his hand into his pocket to purchase a recruit for the work of war, -which he was unable to do himself, but willing to -pay another for doing in his behalf ; no apostle of freedom stood in the market■place, like Peter the Hermit of old days, to call the multitude to arms; not a preacher sounded from his pulpit the note of alarm and urged upon his young and able-bodied parishioners the duty of fighting, if not of dying, for their imperilled country. Even the women for bore the blandishments of their smiles, and call no eon or lover a coward for not rushing to the defence of the capital. The tide of business and amusement rolled on unimpeded. The war party considered the invasion a mere foraging excursion on tho part of a few half-famished guerillas, who were certain to be caught and punished ; while the peace party, continually growing in strength and courage, made no secret of their belief that the Con federates were in full force, and of their hope that they might not only capture Washington, but that Gen. Lee might dictate the terms of final separation from the steps of the Capitol, with Mr. - Lincoln and his Cabinet on one side and General Augurpn the other to ratify the articles of agree ment. There is still great diversity of opinion as to the real numbers of the invading force. From 8,000 to 60,000 are the two extremes at which they are calculated. If they were but 8,000 they effected im mense results with but small means—shamed the Federal Government, conquered a Federal General in a pitched battle, supplied themselves with stores sufficient to last the defenders of Richmond for 12 months, inflicting damage on the enemy to the ex tent of at least 10,000,000 dole., besides the plunder which they removed, imperilled the satety of two great border cities, and generally made the Nor thern people look ridiculous. If they were 60,000 strong, and only the raiding party have recrossed the Potomm!, their work is still before them, and startling news may yet be expected. One reason for the belief that the smaller number was the cor rect one, and that all the glory of its achievement belongs to General Early, and not to General Lee, is to be found in the fact that during the ten days in which the Confederates held high carnival in Maryland and the district of Columbia Gen. Grant did not see his way clear to make an attack upon Petersburg or Richmond, which it is to be supposed he would have done had General Lee removed 50,000 of his veteran troops from the defence of the capital. But whichever hypothesis of the numbers is to be received as most accurate, the expedition is equally dating on the part of the South, aad eq ua ll y disPacuful to the civil and military authorities of the North. There was yesterday a general and rapid fall in the price of flour, pork, provisions, and gold, not wholly produced by the tenour of the war news, but by the necessities of speculators, who had held on for peoda beyond th e i r strength, i n the ex pectation n of a greater rise in gol3. than had taken place within the previous seven days. There was something aP pcce,ching to a panic in almost every kind of whole' b . % 1, 0) business. Gold foil 10 per cent., and produco in a similar proportion, This morning gold fell still l ow er, and closed this afternoon at 2201, or about 30 per cent. lower than at the commencement of the here? is no impression, however ' in an qia en titled to speak with knowledr,ecr authority, will be maintained, but a vary general be.. liet that the financial need of the Government, and ha inevitable issue of greenbacks will lead to further inflation. Already it appears that unforeseen diffi culties have arisen between fir Fessenden and the Sate banks of New York is reference to the loan of fif:v million tiols. which he requires for the imme 1347rnent of the arrears due to the army. But even supposing these difficulties, whatever they may be, shall be got over, it is obvious :hat the loan will do more than give rile Secretary of the Trea• stir,: a short time for viketiOn. He will be able to stay the d , Arratids of the morn clamorous of the na- 3 I-1 tional creditors during a period of about three weeks. Meanwhile his current and constantly accruing lia• bilities will have to be provided for either by a new loan, by the incoming of revenue from taxation, or by the issue of payer. Though he asks but 50 mils lions just now, the unpaid requisitions upon the Government amounted on the stla inst. to 91,814,000 dole., and will on Sept. 1, the day when his loan is to be repaid, amount at the rate of three millions per diem, which is a more moderate computation than many financiers allow, to 171 millions additional. No such sum, or even a tenth of it, can be received from the tax collectors by the day named ; conse• quently Mr Fessenden must resort to a new loan, or he must print off to the ultimate dollar the whole amount of greenbacks which Congress has authorized the department to put into circulation. As this last course, either with or without a Federal victory In the battlefield,would send up the premium on gold to a point highly damaging to Federal credit, both in the eyes of the world and of its own people, and as Mr. Fessenden is especially anxious that this should not be the result of his management, there remains but the loan. Encouraged by the success which has attended the efforts of the Emperor of the French, in setting aside the agony of the banks and the great capitalists and loan-mongers, and appealing directly to the people of all classes to support the Government by the investment of their small savings, a coterie of philosophers and doctris naires, who know a great deal about the negro, but veryiittle of the war or the spirit of the white labour ing population, are urging upon Mr. Feasenden the propriety of imitating the Emperor's example. They insist that the war is popular, that the heart of the multitude is in it, that a sacred love of negro freedom will impel the farmers, the traders, the shopkeepers, and the labouring people to pour their accumulated wealth, tiny in its driblets, but im■ manse in its volume, into the National Treasury, at a fair rate of interest; and that by this means the hostility of twenty Secessionist capitalists and bankers will be more than vanquished by the generous patriotism of the " loyal" millions. These philosophers take their hopes for facto. They for- get, or do not know, that the constant terror of a forced conscription has rendered the war distasteful, if not odious, to the class who live from day to day by their labour or their business, and that negro eman. cipation, though popular among ladies, clergymen, lecturers, and philosophers, is but coldy approved by one portion of the working classes and bitterly op posed by the other. They forget that the enormous rise in the price of food, fuel, clothing, and house rent, unaccompanied by a similar rise in wages, aggravated as it is by the burdens of a taxation pre. viously unknow❑ in America, and almost as onerous as that which afflicts the Englishman, has deprived the labouring classes of America of that surplus be tween expenditure and income which, before the war, rendered the American labourer the richest and most independent man of his class in the world. The surplus has gone. The war has engulfed it. The labourer lives from hand to mouth like his compeers in the old world, and even the prudent and fortu nate man who four or five years ago hid amassed a few hundred dollars and put them into the savings bank to fructify, in order that about this time in the ordinary course of events he might have been en abled to purchase and stock a farm in the bountiful far West, and Bit with his children around him under the shade of his own vine or fig tree, finds his dol lars so depreciated as to be worth but one-third of what was their value on the day when he deposited them. The financier or philosopher who depends on the aid of his class to support the credit of the Government by any other mode than the payment of such taxes as fall upon them, and the incidence of which they cannot avoid, will lean on a broken reed. There remains, then, a loan from the capitalists of America, or a lean from the capitalists of Europe, to extricate the Government from its present strait. The first may be effected to a large amount, though not perhaps at par, or within 10 per cent of it. The second may not now appear hopeless, for it is freely spoken of and confidently recommended ; but as in the first place it hangs upon the issues of war and the stability of the Union, and in the second may be effected by the semi-repudiation of which the States of New York and Ohio have already been guilty, there may be many slips between that cup and the lips of Mr. Fessenden. Yet, if all other resources fail, greenbacks are inexhaustible Congress has but to meet and authorise the issue of another batch of 500,000,000 of them, and all will again go well—for a little white. The spendthrift will be in funds, the tailor, the jeweller, the wine merchant, and the horse dealer will receive both money and fresh orders ; and a great community, acting the part of a gambler and a prodigal, will run riot as others have done before it, and, like others before it, will pay at the duly appointed and inevitable time the appropriate penalty of Lank ruptcy and disgrace. The Story of the Great Eastern Steamship, (From the Builder.) The result produced, from whatever cause, may be thus stated :--X1,000,000 has been spent, and nothing remains for the shareholders, original or preferential, or for the bondholders ; for the £25,000 realised at public sale for the ship, will be hardly sufficient to pay the preference creditors and the law expenses. Everything available, including office furniture, was sold before the directors disqualified them selves, though they did not forget to send in claims for a halt-year's fees in arrear ; and all that is left besides the balance of the £25,000, after paying expenses and prefer ence claim; is £ t 5, which is in the hands of the official liquidator. The ship has been bought for this ridicu lously small sum by a new company, of which three of the late directors of the Great Ship Company are the principal shareholders and directors, Surely this is a state of things which deserves, nay, demands enquiry, especially just now, when limited liability companies ale increasing in number so rapidly ; for if the directors of a limited company can with impunity waste all the property intrusted to their care, and leave a large amount of debt, without anything whatever to meet it, and without any legal responsibility or accoun tability, some new provisions are .most assuredly required. No private trader in times past could waste his creditors' property, without incurring any responsibility; and it ap pears impossaible that when the accounts of the,company are rendered to the Court of Chancery, some persons can escape severe censure. The ship was designed and built for the Eastern or Indian trade. Every appliance and fitting was designed for a long voyage, the capacity for cargo, the space allotted for fuel, the smallness of her power compared with her tonnage, her size, her height between decks, the special attention paid to ventilation, were all considered and provided for a long and mainly tropical voyage. But the directors into whose hand she fell, either ignorant of the suitability of the ship for what she was in tended, or wedded to other views, decided upon placing her on short voyages in northern latitudes, where the arrange ment applicable to tropical climates became a source of discomfort, where her capacity for fuel was unnecessary, where her splendid accommodation for first and second class passengers wee useless, where her speed was not so superior to every rival, as to give her any practical advan tage, and where indeed every special peculiarity in con• strucrion, size, power, and economy of management became rather sources of loss than of advantage. 1 will assume that when the directors first determined to divert her from her original destination, they believed it would be benefi cial to the shareholders; but on what principle or profit they kept her on the American line, when each of the eleven voyages produced a great loss, exclusive of the heavy staff expenses at Liverpool and New - York, is quite unac countable. The system of losing by every vobyage was per sisted in by the directors, notwithstanding continual warn ings, and the actual results published 'n their balance-sheet. A MAGISTRATE SUMMONED BY A STREET PREACHER. —At the Birkenhead County Court, on Tuesday, Mr Younghusband, one of the local justices of the peace, was sued for false arrest and imprisonment by Abraham John Dowling, a street preacher. Dowling has on several occasions been before the police-court on various questions connec ed with his street preaching and has come into collision with Mr Younghusband. On Saturday, June 25, Dowling was preaching o a board one of the Woodside ferry steamers. Some tersons complained of it as a nuisance, and the erew of the boat appealed to Mr Younghusband as to what they were to de. Ho directed them to take Dowling into custody, and they accordingly did so, and detained him until the boat returned to the Cheshire side, when he was taken to Bridewell, but ,afterwards set at liberty. This was the alleged false imprisonment for which the action %ma brought. His Honour (Judge Harden) decided that the magistrate had exceeded his power, as the bye laws of the ferry directed that a person contravening them must be summoned, and they only authorised the infliction of a penalty, and not imprisonment. without a hearing. But inasmuch as, under Jervis's Act, any magistrate proceeded against by summons for an act done in hia magisterial cepa city must have a month's notice of the summona before it could be heard and decided upon, the present case must be adj-urned until the expiry of a month from the date of the plaintiff's summons issued under the jurisdiction of the court. Adjourned accordingly, The American War, A poor victim of the American war was brought up to the French Correctional Police on Wednes day. He was a poor lad, 16 years of age, whom all human miseries seemed to have stricken. Pliny and stinted in growth, his cadavercus and pinched feaa tures looked smaller still under a mass of long woolly hair. He said his name was Henry Muller. He had been placed by somebody in the hands of the police, and, as he had neither dwelling nor means of existence, had been detained as a vagrant without any place of abode. When interrogated, he said :—The person who got me arrested is one Perrot, a working shoemaker. He brought me to sleep at his lodging one night, out of charity, and he sent me away the next day because I could not be of any use to him. That night I slept in a cab; the following day I went to him to beg of him to keep me with him ; it was then that he gave me over to the police. _ _ The magistrate said—Who are you ? Where do you come from ? Who are your parents ? He then related as follows :—I am an American. I have never seen my father. I came to Paris at the age of ten with my mother, who owns two houses in New Orleans. Three months ago she in formed me that she was going back to America, and asked me if I wished to be put to school or as an apprentice. I choose the apprenticeship. Then my mother placed me at a photographist's, and paid four months in advance for me-100f. in ready money and 400 f. in bills payable at her banker's, Mr Borde's, in the Rue Taitbout. The banker re fused to pay, having nothing to my mother's credit. Then my master turned me away at the end of a month. Since then no one will take me as I have no papers, and also because I am too delicate. A lady (a woman of colour) came forward. The President—You know this lad ? Witness—l know that his mother abandoned him he says she is at New Orleans, The President—You can do nothing for him ? Witness—lt is impok,sible for me, sir. I have two daughters, and I have retired with them to Ba tignolles for economy. War is raging in my country, and I cannot return to it. The President (to the prisor.er)—You were with out work for two months ? Prisoner—Yes, sir. President—How have you lived during that time? Prisoner—As well as I could with what people gave me. President—Have you sought for work Prisoner—Yes, sir, but as I have no papers no one will have anything to do with me. The Procureur Lepelletier—He is a Southern, the Consul will not give him papers, the South not being recognised. Witness—The poor lad is of coloured race ; he has African blood in his veins ; they will do nothing for him. President—lf, in a week from this, you find some one who would occupy himself about him, we would adjourn the case for a week. Witness—l have done all with that end; he is an African ; people wont take him. President (to tha prisoner)—And you don't know your mother's address ? Prisoner—No; she was with a gentleman, and she used to say to me when I made her angry, " I will abandon you." The tribunal adjourned the case for a week in the hope that the publicity given to this affair may ex cite in young Iguller's favour the commiseration of charitable persons. TEE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JULY 29, 1864. lines the city could be plainly seen, and objects of special interest designated, while from some of the public buildings skirmishing could be seen with the aid of a common opera-glass. The rebel headquarters were at Silver Springs, in the resi dence of F. P. Blair, sen. This was about the only house spared from theflames in the Seventh street road. Postmaster-General Blair's residence, adjoining it, was burnt, with all its contents. Early and Breckinridge were two days at Blair's house, and it was through the influence of Breckin ridge that it did not share the fate of his son's. "The President and Secretary Stanton showed their anxiety in the situation by being present at the wharf where the steamers were unloading troops, and hastening them to the front, while the former, in eompany with Gen. Halleck, was at the front a good deal of the time. All three were in Fort Stevens, when several men were killed near them. "Various opinions prevail as to the real intention of the enemy. Many insist that a feint was made on this city to cover the retreat of the larger force towards the Potomac, laden with plunder, while others declare that a general attack was premedi tated and miscarried. Our forces are pursuing the retreating foe, and the city has settled down into quietness, after enjoying the most tremendous sen sation in its history during the war. " The railroad and telegraph lines are being rapidly put in repair. The former was only slightly damaged. During the most critical period all the forts were connected with the department by tele graph, the entire force of the American telegraph officers being detailed as operators. In this way troops could be centred on any weak part of the line. The country adjoining the city on the north, which a week ago was blooming with bountiful harvests, is now a barren waste. The enemy de stroyed everything, even cutting down orchards, firing haystacks, &e. The destruction of property is very large. Our entire loss during the invest ment was between 400 and 500, including a good many officers." The Confederates before Washington, The following narrative of the appearance of the Confederates before Washington, and their subse- quent retreat, is dated the 14th instant, and was written in the city itself : , 6 The investment of the northern defences of Washington by the enemy, for the first tirr e in the progress of this war, commenced early last Monday morning. That brief time, however, has been filled with so much hope and fear, and anxiety and ex citement, that its sudden end is haiied all the more gratefully. On Sunday last, after defeating the forces of General Wallace at Monocacy-bridge, the enemy sent a column of troops down the Washing ton and Frederick turnpike. It entered Rockville on Sunday morning, and appropriated all surplies that it could lay its hands on, and then moved on towards Washington. Five miles from George town, and two miles beyond the fortificAtions, it drove in our pickets one mile on Sunday night. At daybreak on Monday morning skirmishing com menced within rifle shot off Fort Pennsylvania,three miles from Georgetown. The fort startled the citi- tens of Georgetown by opening its heavy guns. Skirmishing lasted all day and into the night, the enemy not seeming in large enough force to advance their line. Simultaneously with the appearance of this force another division of troops appeared on the Seventh-street road four miles from the city directly north, and immediately in front of Forts Stevens and De Russey. Here they seemed in larger force, and in skirmishing with invalid regiments and mi. litia our troops got the worst of it. At times the rebels were within 200 yards of the forts, and their sharpshooters picked off a good many who stuck their heads above the parapets. • "By Monday noon the enemy had a strong skir mish line, and some 60 were killed and wounded ; but at dusk the veteran troops came up and advanced to the front, when fighting became severe for skir mishing. The rebels began to use artillery, and Forts Slocum and De Russey opened in reply with their heavy guns. "The fight, which was seen by hundreds of spec tators on the Seventh-street-road, was very excit ing to novices. The country was well situate to see all the firing of infantry and heavy fort artillery, while burning residences, barns, and other builslinge, which had been fired by both parties to get better range of each other, lighted up the fields and woods that skirt just outside the outer line of fortifications. " At noon intelligence of the cutting of all tele graphic and railroad lines between Baltimore and Washington came to hand, and added, it was thought then, something as to the enemy's full design. Washington became isolated, and so remained 36 hours. Tuesday afternoon Pennsylvania-avenue was crowded with troops marching in all directions, while an incessant flood of extras from newspaper offices announcing that Fort Lincoln, situate on the Baltimore turnpike, ten miles north-east of the capital, had boon at tacked, wrought up the excitement to the highest pitch yet reached during the invasion, in the meanwhile skirmishing continued all Tuesday after noon all along the lines, without anything new being developed in the enemy lines; and so Tuesday wore into night, and, notwithstanding published rumours of the advance of the rebel force on the south side of the Potomac, a perfect feeling of secu rity prevailed, for it was then doubted if the rebels intended an assault, and if they did our forces would prove too much for them. "During the early part of the night their line was strong as usual, stretching from the railroad this side of Bladensburg to Fort Pennsylvania, two miles from the Potomac. The city now being per fectly isolated, many of the places of business were closed, and provisions reached ' panic' prices. "Flour rose in price 10 dole. per barrel, and citizens found great difficulty in providing for their families when suddenly ordered into the ranks. Tuesday afternoon no one was allowed to go to the front without a pass, and rumour was glib enough. There was but little excitement except among the militia. It was well understood all was in readiness by onr forces to attack on Wednesday morning. "But daybreak came, and behold the skirmish line and pickets had vanished, and the enemy was gone. _ _ _ " Ruined fields, smouldering houses.. and his dead and wounded were all left behind ; a most sickening memento of his visit. " Cavalry followed in pursuit, and the enemy were found to be retreating towards Frederick. A small battery had remaintd near Bh.densburg, firing at the railroad train long after the main line had retreated. Thud commenced and thus ended the rebel invasion of the district of Columbia and investment of Washington. " The enemy's troops came nearer the city than they ever hair° before. At several p( tints in 1141 r Naval and Military Intelligence, An order was yesterday received at Chatham garrison from the Horse Guards, directing 100 non-commissioned officers and men to be selected from the detachments of Royal Engineers under orders to India, the whole of whom are to be held in readiness for immediate embarkation, under the command of Capt. W. S. Burton, now in charge of the 37th depot company. The order directs that the non-commissioned officers and men required to proceed to India are to be selected from the sappers and miners who have completed their course of instruction in field engineer ing and have passed through the topographical and sur veying schools. The men are to be supplied with their sea kits, in order that they may be ready to embark as soon as the order to that effect has been received from the Horse Guards. In consequence of the misunderstanding which has arisen with respect to the order issued some time since relative to the infliction of corporal punishment in the army and the classification of soldiers in the first and second class, a general order has been issued from the Horse Guards, and promulgated at Chatham garrison for general information, in which the Field-Marshal Commanaing •in-Chief directs that a soldier convicted of habitual drunkenness shall be degraded to the second class, and if again convicted within 12 months shall suffer corporal punishment. The 3d, 27th, and 33d companies of Itoyal Engineers, serving at Gibraltar, and the 30th and 31st companies, at Malta, having been reduced in their numbers from dis charges and men who have been invalided, orders have been received at headquarters, Chatham, directing the required number of non-commissioned officers, sappers, and buglers to be selected from the depot companies to augment those companies to their full strength. The men selected were inspected at Brompten Barracks, yesterday, and are to be held in readiness to embark forthwith. Major General Warde, C. 8., commanding the garrison at Woolwich, yesterday held what ie termed a dismounted field day, to be repeated weekly, and paraded the whole of the brigades of Royal Artillery on the Barrack-field, where they underwent a thorough inspection and marched past. The General was attended by his aide-de-camp, Captain Williams ; Deputy Assistant Quartermaster General, Capt. Nangla ; Brigade Major Hay, and other officers. The Earl of Dunmore, Lord Abinger, and other officers on leave in England from their respective battalions of the Guards in Canada have received orders not to rejoin their battalions. Col. J. R. Farquharson is about to retire from the Scots Fusilier Guards. The third battalion of the Grenadier Guards, under the command of Colonel the Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, C. 8., will leave London on Tuesday next for the camp at Aldershot, to relieve the sec , nd battalion of the Coldstream Guards, under the command of Colonel Stepney,.C.B., for a month's duty. The Italian screw steam frigate Prince Umberto, 50, Capt. S. Bo; from Cherbourg, with a number of naval cadets on board for instruction, arrived in Plymouth Sound on Wednesday afternoon, bound to New York. The screw steam frigate Narcisssus, 39, flag of Sir B. W. Walker, last from Portsmouth, arrived in Plymouth Sound on Wednesday. She was appointed to go into Hamoaze yesterday, to be dismantled and placed in the third division of the Steam Reserve. Her crew will be paid off in a few days. _ . The paddlewheel steam vessel Bulldog, 6, Capt. Charles Wake, accompanied by the gunboat Delight, was appointed to leave Plymouth yesterday for Bermuda, via Halifax. The two Turkish line-of-battle frigates Estourel, Capt. Hassean Bey, and the Relepers Nnsrett, Capt. Ahmed Bey, yesterday entered the Thames and moored at Purfieet, together w th her Majesty's convoy, the paddlewheel sloop Geyser, Com. A. T. Thrupp, who proceeded to Woolwich in his gig, and reported himself to the Commodore Supe rintendent of the dockyard. The Geyser was immediately ordered to return to Portsmouth. The Turkish frigates, it is stated, are about to be stripped and docked at Black wall, to be fitted with steam machinery at Green and Wigram's. The crews will probably be berthed on board a couple of hulks at Woolwich during the conversion of the ships, the Turkish Ambass , dor having seat a requisition to the Board of Admiralty for that purpose. The following appointments and promotions have been made at the Admiralty:—Lieut. Philip It, 11. Parker, Lieut. Paul Storr, and Lieut. John Hope to the Curagoa— Lieut. A. T. Brooke, to the Duke of Wellington--Lord A. C. G. Lennox, midshipman, to the Edgar—and W. Wise• man, midshipman, to the Curagoa—Henry Dyer, Par nas. ter additional, to the St. George— J. H. Hewlett, chief engineer. to the Indus, for the Encounter, when paid off — P. M Knight, assist.-engineer, to the Bulldog—J. Adams, assist—engineer, to the Indus, for hospital treatment —G. T. Ludlow, assist,-engineer, to the Asia, as supernumerary G. J. Weeks, assist,-engineer, to the Himalaya—T. F. Shelley, of the Asia, J. Taylor (B), of the Salamin, George Purkes, and J. E. Warner, of the Marlborough, promoted to be first class assist-engineers—A. J. Tout, of the Jason, J. Nelson, of the Rinaldo, J. Ferg uson (B), of the Forte, G. Quick, of the Rattler, and J. I m rie, of the Heaper, promoted to be acting first class ass ist.-engineers , Commander W. B. Unfasten, to the Styx, vi ce Hon. W. J. Ward, promoted—Charles A. Pritchard, paymaster, to be secretary to Sir Charles Fremantle—and W. J. Hubbard, assist.-clerk, to the Urgent. Alarming Incident in a Railway Carriage, --......._*-- Mr Thomas Beard, the well-known solicitor of Basing hall-street, on Tuesday evening last, entered the half-past nine o'clock train from Fenchurch-street to Snaresbrook, where he resides. In the same compartment of the carriage, we presume a first-class, were several persons, but all alighted at the Stratford station. Just as the train was again starting a man entered, close d the door, and sat down nex t to it, Mr: Beard being i n the further and oppo site corner. This person was rather tall, proportionately thick-set, dressed in black, and 'wearing a black and white straw hat slouched over his forehead. In his right hand, close by his side, he held something about two feet in owner length, about the thickness of an o rdinary ruler or an iron bar. It was encased in leather, and appeared to be thinner at one end th a n the other. Whatever article pt it completely behind him, and apparently:his eight, safe and tout of h g a h n t d o , r fort t a fter the curso r y . " Isn 't the train late ?" he asked. " I think it is " was the reply. What is the i v t iew wa o s bta i i t n swn ed as h e e r ena , " preeaarehde kdeeterrnined to keep it right time?" Mr Beard took from his waistcoat pocket a gold lever watch, suspended by a chain of like material, but at the same instant the extreme folly and incautiousness of such an act struck him so forcibly that he mechanically replaced it. He looked up—his companion had not risen, but was yet nearer by a foot, from the corner —his right hand still behind him, and his eyes fixed upon the chain Mr Beard felt exceedingly uncomfortable. " Strange thing that murder of Mr Briggs in the railway carriage ?" " Yes, very." "Do you think there was more than one in it, eh ?" " I can't say." " Anything ftesh about it to-day, eh ?" This afforded what for the instant appeared a good oppor tunity, and flinging an eveniyg paper to the stranger Mr Beard replied, " Look for yourself," at the same time fully resolving to open the door of the carriage, if not to spring from it while his interrogator opened the sheets of the jour nal—but he was disappointed. The man took up the news paper with his left hand, slid along the seat, his right hand being still behind his back. until he gaadually faced his travelling companion, threw the paper down without looking at it, and saying, " I can't read—getting too old," placed his left area completely across the window frame. There they sat, the stranger lean ing torward until his left hand was within six inchee of Mr Bard, and hie attention still fixed on the gold chain. Not for a secoad land that gentleman's eyes, from the lime he had taken out his watch, been averted from that touch-feared right arm, ever in the same position, and its owner's face, which, despite the slouched hat, was now more discernible. Not another word passed. Mr Beard would not leave his seat, although ho momentrily expected to be grasped or struck. It was on the side of the much-coveted, but yet distant platform ; and when there ho could give an alarm, if prevented from getting ont of the carriage. Still his position was becoming unbearable, and the recollection of the recent horrible murder on the same line of railway rendered him almost powerless. He was becoming postively ill ; gradually, very gradually, he got his hand as without a motive on the window space; the whistle sounded; not a movement betokened his intention to leave; the train eased; stranger inclined slightly back; the platform was reached ; " Low Station" was sounded by the guard and porters; and as one of the men passed Mrß. started up, twisted the handle of the door at the same mo ment, and was out, and the next was in an adjoining com partment well occupied, from which as the train again moved forward he observed the wearer of the slouches hat walking hastily away as though in quest of some one. On arriving at Snaresbrook, Mr. Beard made a communication of what had occurred to Mr Wooton, the station-master, and has since done so to Mr Superintendent Howie, K division of police, so thoroughly convinced is he that a murderous outrage was purposed, and would have been per petrated but for the plan he had adopted, or had he pro ceeded further in the carriage ho first occupied. ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE. HOME CIRCUIT—MAIDSTONE, July 28. (Before Mr Justice Wil!os.) CONSPIRING TO SCUTTLE ♦ SHIP. Heinrich Kohn, 31, carpenter, was charged with misde meanour, in having unlawfully conspired with other per sons wilfully to cast away and destroy a certain foreign verse], called the Alma, w'►h intent to defraud the under writers of policies of insurance upon that vessel to a large amount. The prisoner is a German, and in the first instance he expressed a desire to be tried by a jury partly composed of foreigners. This morning, however, he said he had no wish that this should be carried out, and elected to he tried by an English jury. The English evidence was explained to him through an interpreter, as was also that of several of the witnesses who were foreigners, and this greatly ex- tended the length of the trial, which would have been much more protracted if the learned judge had not apparently been perfectly conversant with the German language, and the suggestions he made to the interpreter tended greatly . _ . to elucidate the inquiry, and to place all the facts before the jury. Sergeant Ballantine was specially instructed, with Mr F. H:Lewis, to conduct the prosecution; Mr Warton was counsel for the defendant. Sergeant Ballantine, in opening the case for the prosecu tion, said that it had been instituted by the direction of the authorities of Lloyd's, who, having regard to the enormous amount of money that was invested in marine insurances, had felt it their duty to take care that it should be known that in any case where there was reason to bslieve that a gaud of the grave nature imputed to the defendant had been committed, they were determined that a lull inquiry should take place, and nothing should be neglected to en oeavour to bring home guilt to the offender, and render him amenable to justice. The substantial offence imputed to the defendant was that he had been concerned with other per. eons on board in wilfully destroying a vessel called the Alma, upon which policies of insurance amouutisg on the whole, he believed, to nearly £30,000 had been effected, and that the owner, the captain, and some of the officers on bard the vessel were concerned in that act. In consequence, however, of the Alma being a foreign vessel, and the pri• soner and the other persons on b3ard being foreigners, they were not amenable to the more serious charge under the law of this country, and the principal point in the case he said he believed would be whether the prisoner had committed 6n offence against the law of England by conspiring with the other parties, while the vessel was lying at Ramsgate, and before she sailed upon the voyage which ended in her destruction to commit the offence which undoubtedly was afterwards completed. The learned sergeant then proceeded ,o narrate the material facts of the case, which in reality lay in a very narrow compass, and which will be fresh in the recollection of the public, as they were given very fully upon the occasion of the examination of the defendant at the Mansion-house. It appeared that the Alma was a Prussian vessel, belonging to Memel, and that she sailed from Antwerp in the month of March last, and put in at Ramsgate, where she took in a fresh cargo for the port to which she belonged, and it was part of the case for the pro secution that before she sailed it seemed to have been a foregone conclusion on the part of the captain, the mate, the prisoner, who was the ship's carpenter, and other mem .. bers of the crew, that she would never arrive at her destina tion, and that, acting upon this impression, they made free with the champagne that was on board,and also distributed cloth that was a portion of the cargo to the prisoner and some of the other men, who were the crew on board. The Alma sailed from Ramsgate about the 11th April, and from that day until the 18th, when she went down, it appeared that there was very fine weather, and that nothing oc curredthat was at all likely, under ordinary ci,cunistances, to have caused such a catastrophe. On that day, however, a British ship called the Helena, on her voyage home from Porto Rico, saw signals of distress flying from a vessel which turned out to be the Alma, and she hove to, and the vessels neared each other, and the captain of the Alma called out that they were in dis‘ress, that the vessel was sinking, and he wished to know whether the captain of the Helena would take him and his crew on board. He was told that be would, and two boats laden with luggage and men then left the Alma and proceeded to the Helena; :tad they continued to go backwards and forwards between the two vessels for three or four hours, and at the expira tion of that time the whole of the men of the Alma, and the luggage they chose to bring with them, were taken on board the Helena, and in about 20 minutes afterwards the Alma sunk with the whole of her cargo. The weather at this time was, according to the evidence, beautifully calm, and the fact cf a vessel going down under such circucn stances appeared to have at once created a suspicion that there had been something wrong in the transaction, and on the arrival of the Helena in England inf rmation was given to the authorities, by whom the present charge was eventually preferred against the prisoner. The matter was in the first instance investigated at the Mansion-house, but owing to the legal difficulties above referred to that pre sented themselves, it was found that the more serious charge could not be substantiated in this country, and that the conspiracy, if any existed, took place at Ramsgate, and the present indictment was therefore remitted to be disposed of at the present assizes for the county of Kent. The evidence that was adduced extended to considerable length. One of the witnesses, whose testimony was very material, was Donald M'Gaechy, a very intelligent seaman, who was mate of the Helena, and he proved that on the 18th April, when that vessel was about 75 miles west of the Scilly Islands, on her voyage to England, signals of dis tress were observed in a vessel ahead, which turned out to be the Alma, and the Helena was hove to, and boats put off from the former vessel, and the prisoner, the captain, and all the rest of the crew of the Alma were received on board the Helena. He said tnat at this time the weather was so calm that an open boat might safely have got to land, and that there had been no storm or bad weather, or in fact anything to account for the Alma being in a sinking state, and that he suspected at the time that she had received some foul play, and he made an observation to that effect to the prisoner. The witness detailed the various conversations that took place between him and the prisoner upon the sub ject, the effect of which appeared to be that the latter ad mitted that the Alma was involved, or that she was in some money difficulty, and that it was resolved on this account that she should be destroyed. The prisoner was repre sented to have also said that the plan was concocted at Ramsgate, and that while they were in port they had, by the orders of the captain and the mate, removed a portion of the inner planking of the vessel in the hold, so that the outer skin, as it is termed in nautical phraseology, might be more easily got at; and that she sailed in this condition, and after they had been a few days at sea, upon sighting the Helena, it was resolved to carry the project of sinking the vessel into final execution. According to the statement of the prisoner, when about two miles from the Helena he and the mate went down into the hold with a candle, and he bored several holes iu the outer planking of the vessel with an augur, plugs being provided in order that the water might not be let in too fast. lie was also represented to have stated that the water did not gain upon them, and the plugs were made use of for that purpose, and when they had got all they wanted out of the Alma the plugs were finally re moved, and she then speedily filled and sank. These were the main facts relied upon for the prosecu tion, but evidence was also adduced to show that while the vessel was at Ramsgate, the prisoner, the captain, the mate, and others, openly talked of intending to destroy the vessel, and that a suggestion was made that as she was to go down she might as well do so on . the bar of Ramsgate harbour, but that the captain observed that that would be too near the shore, and that it would be better to get out to sea a few miles first, Evidence was also given that while in Ramsgate harbour the captain and the crew made free with a quantity of champagne that was on board as part of the cargo, the former statiag that it was better to drink it and enjoy them selves than that it should be swallowed up by the sea. Mr Warton made a very earnest appeal to the jury on behalf of the defendant, and he particularly commented upon the fact of his being a foreigner and most imperfectly acquainted with the English language, and he therefore argued that it would be unjust to place too mud' reliance upon the evidence relating to the statements he was repre sented to have made on the diff,rent witnesses relating to the alleged offence. On this ground and the subordinate position of the prisoner on board the ship, which, he said, of course compelled him to a certain extent to obey the orders that were given to him, he contended that the charge of conspiracy h id not been established. Mr Justice s, in summing up the case, said that the inquiry was undoubtedly one of considerable importance, and it was most essential that frauds of the description sug gested should undergo full inquiry, and that parties proved to have committed them should receive punishment, as a warning to others not to be guilty of similar offences. He then proceeded to explain how it happened that the prisoner could not be tried for the actual offence of scuttling the ship, and said that' the only question for the consideration of the jury was, whother while the vessel was at Ramsgate, and under the protection of the English law, the prisoner entered into a conspiracy with the other persons on board to cause the destruction of the vessel. The jury, after a very short deliberation, returned a ver dict of No.; Guilty. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS, TIMES.— As far as Courts of Justice are con cerned, the Yelverton case is finally closed, The House of Lords, after an elaborate argument occu pying several days and even weeks, and after re viewing again everything that has been or could be advanced with such care and minuteness that the merejudgments of the Law Lords fill more than eleven columns of this paper, have decided by a majority of three to one, or, reckoning the opinion of Lord Brougham, who was absent, of three to two, that Miss Longworth has not proved her right to be declared the wife of Major Yelverton. More than three years have passed since the first trial was instituted for the purpose of establishing the alleged marriage, and Dublin went frantic with sympathy for the supposed wrongs of Mrs. Long worth-Yelverton. Before that an unsueessful attempt had been made to get the case argued before Sir Cresswell Cresswell, who refused to hear it on the ground that he had no jurisdiction. From Ireland the question of Miss Longworth's status passed to Edin • burgh. Scotland, as we know, is never bebindhand on such occasions. The perfervidum ingenium blazes when the marriage laws and marriage customs of North Britain are discussed, and the decision of the Court of Session was passionately canvassed ; it was approved with rapture by the adherenta of Miss Longworth, and received almost with execra ►ion by those who favoured the claims of her rival. We more stolid Saxons cannot, however, boast of preserving our impassibility while discussing a mere question of law; the serene air of the Upper House was yesterday charged with unwonted heat, and the sharpness with which the Lord Chancellor was called to order by Lord Che►msford betrayed an ardour unusual in the highest court of law in the realm. The excitement which the case has caused in the three kingdoms is not, indeed, unnatural, and we venture to predict that it will long survive the judgment which has finally disposed of it at law. The case of the unsuccessful claimant begets a sympathy which is increased by the consideration of her un doubted to eats; the discussion of her status turns upon that for which every one thinks himself compe• tent—the interpretation of character, and the mean ing of phrases occurring in a passionate correspon dence ; and men will doubtless dispute for years over the soundness of the cooc►usion of the House of Lords, as men have debated for centuries over the character of Mary of Scotland. The analysis of the characters of the principal performers in this length erred suit has been, as every one must see, of the highest importance in determining the decisions at which the different judges have arrived. The coun sel on both sides knew how much would turn upon the view which would be entertained of the educa tion and antecedents of Major Yelverton and Miss Longworth. An ingenious man could frame two squelly plausible but totally distinct explanations of the nature of theintercourse bet vveen them, according as he started with a feeling of sympathy for oneor for the other. Accordingly, every incident of the early life of Miss Long worth, every item of intelligence bearing on the first interviews between her and the appellant, was adduced and commented on by her counsel, although long antecedent to the promises and acts which, according to their contention, esta blished the alleged marriage. They confessed that the marriage depended upon certain engagements which took place in Edinburgh in 1857, but to throw light upon these transactions they went over the whole history of the first meeting between Miss Long worth and Major Yelverton on board the Bou logne steamboat, the communication sent to Malta, and the intimacy in the Crimea. Truth, as the Lord Chancellor declared in his judgment, is always consistent with itself, and the determination of the view taken of subsequent facts depended upon the estimate antecedently formed of the character of the parties. The law of Scotland permits the question of marriage to turn upon the interpretation of am biguous facts ; and although we may join with Lord Wensleydale in his regret that in the 19th century the proof of the most important relation in life should be left in a highly civilised country to depend upon the loose recollection of witnesses, and " some times on the meaning of an amatory expression in impassioned letters," we must, as his lordship added, take the law as we find it. In the early part of 1857 Major Yelverton was stationed at Edinburgh, and in February of that year Miss Long worth met him there. What happened there is the main point at issue. The Scotch law allows a marriage to be constituted either per verba de prcesenti—t hat is, by by an actual intercte:nge of marriage vows—or by a promise de futuro, followed by a copula in reliance upon the promise. The principle in either case is em bodied in the maxim Consensus facit connubiuna ; in the first case a mail and woman mutually declare teeir agreement to become man and wife ; in the second, when actual cohabitation follows, and can be referred to a promise de futuro, the law presumes that agreement immediately preceded cohabitation. The contract per verbs de prcesenti may be proved by any legal evidence ; but the promise de futuro must be proved either by writing or on the oath of the party against whom proceedings take place. Miss Longworth attempted to set up a valid marriage on both grounds. she asserted that a contract per verba de prcesenti took place in April, 1857, when she declared Major Yelverton and herself read over together the marriage service of the English Church at her lodgings in Edinburgh, and thereby pledged themselves to one another as man and wife ; but if the evidence failed to establish these mutual vows, then she asserted that there was evidence of promises made de futuro, and that cohabitation had followed in dependence of those promises. It is tolerably certain that, whatever may be the truth about the reading of the marriage service, there was not sufficient evidence of it to found a declaration of marriage upon it. .It is much more doubtful whether there was not written evidence of a pro mise de futuro, but here a difficulty arose as to law and idea upon which the Lord Chancellor very justly dwelt at some length. It is necessary that the subsequent copula should refer to the promise, but is it necessary that the copula should, like the promise, take place in Scotland? Major Yelvetton taough he denies the proxise, alleges against his own interest, that the cohabitation first took place in Scotland. Miss Longworth asserting the promise alleges against her own interest that cohabitation did not take place until after the performance of the religious ceremony at Rostrevor. Almost every one of the Judges and Law Lords came to the con, elusion that cohabitation did not take place until the appellant and respondent met in Ireland, and so fur they disbelieved Major Yeiverton's story, and the majority of the Law Lords held that this fact was fatal to Miss Longworth s case. Even assuming the promise de futuro in Scotland to be proved, the copula which tollowed first took place in Ireland and would not establish a Scotch marriage, and the subsequent copula in Scot land would not be referable to the original promise, but to a mere continuance of the Irish cohabitation, and so, again, the proof of marriage would fail. It is not the least singular part of the case, and it should be remembered in considering the character of the respondent, that in a material point her re• spect for the religious aspect of marriage led her to a course of action fatal to her own interests. It may be doubted whether, on the whole, Miss Long worth ought not to congratulate herself on the issue of this prolonged litigation. On the whole, the majority of the Judges before whom her case has passed have decided in her favour, and it is impossi ble to suppose that the estimate of her character will much depend on the accident that of the judges who heard the argument in the final court there was a majority of three to two against her. And if failure be no great hardship, success would have been fatal. It can never be desirable to tie toge ther in indissoluble bonds a man and woman who are wholly estranged from one another, and the fact that this particular appellant was the man would not lessen the truth of the general proposie Lion. Whether she were successful or unsuccessful, tne character of her intercourse with Major Yel verton would always have been a subject of debate. Instead of being tied to a man who must by this time be hateful to her, she is now free, and has won the sympathy of thousands who, rightly or wrongly, will always regard her as an injured woman. POST.—The breaking up of Parliament, now so near at hand, is universally confessed to be more than usually welcome this year. No one is entirely satisfied with the course of events, or the progress of legislation ; and it is with a feeling of relief from a monotonous and profitless routine that members of both Houses prepare to quit town. Although some really useful meesares will have become law this session, the business of Parliament has been singu larly uninteresting. The country has been strung up to a pitch of intense interest iu the affairs of Den mark, white, from the policy adopted, it has been powerless to act upon its convictions. It has been unspeeleably mortifying to have to stand aside in inglorious neutrality while cruel political wrongs and barbarous military outrages were perpetrated by two powerful States upon a brave little kingdom with which we have always had much in common, and to which we have recently become bound by ties of yet nearer interest. To smother our feelings, to look to our pecuniary interests rather than yield to impulses which, though generous, may be costly, and, though just, may bring trouble, and to watch with e Ec V larli mitY the ruthless progress of sp olia t ion, has ueen,indeed, a severe trial if the national tem. per. And though we have been assured that it is for our good ; that the painfulness of the duty does not make it less a duty; and that the drag of a pro- dential policy was necessary to keep the wheels of popular enthusiasm from running into mischief ; Tyet the yoke has been as hard to b ear, and riddle of the policy was hard to read. A majo he rity of the House of Commons affirmed that polieY, though it could not read the riddle. The 011 ) ° - sition which, with singular patience, had waited for its opportunity, and then flung itself inapelom ously into the attack upon Ministers, was hope" lessly beaten, and the great influence of Lord Pei' merston alone sufficed to make the country acquit3sce in spite of its more generous impulses in th e e xpediency of the policy for which he is re s p onsi ble. With the triumph of Ministers all interest iu the session collapsed, and only business re mained to be done. Bills of considerable importanc e had to be passed ; but they awoke no fervour in the p ubllc mind, and were as distasteful to Parliticoent and the readers of newspapers as they wer e ne cessary to the several interests to which theY refer. As soon as it was settled that the last effort had been made for Denmark ; that we should con.. tinue our neutrality in America; that our relatione s with France were in statu quo ; and that we ens not going to be mulcted in enormous expenses by the New Zealand war, the game of the session was up, and every one grew anxious to escape from the heat and duet of London to the soothing retreats of country life. Town is half emptied already, an d few jaded Peers and Commoners, wearily w indieF , up the business of Parliament, are all that remail of one of the most brilliant London seasons whie has been known for many years. The holding ot two Jowls by the Queen, which was accepted oo all hands as a commencement of the gradual re rarn of her Majesty to public life, was a source of joy fer It beyond the mere splendour of the occasi on • touched again the heart of her subjects, and e'Sbk e anew the thrill of popular affection whi c h f or 0° many years has never ceased to rejoice at the eigh t of the Queen in public. The increasing p sp.alaritY of the Prince and Princess of Wales b a s add e d much to the brilliancy of the season. T, ir go° health and spirits; the heartiness with WI i ich they have encountered the heavy demands of Lend ° life upon their time and strength ; the genialitY with which they have gone into sod ety ; t he splendour of their own hospitality ; and last, but not least, the energy with which they 'nave do ne all that they could do in behalf of th e Nang charities and public undertakings w hich tat" sought their patronage, have won the m gold opinions in every rank and class of life , while tbe sorrows of Denmark have drawn out eno ug h e Y gl i pathy to refine popular affection into a pert 'oriel° chivalrous devotion. But to speak of obe a re episcde of this fast•ending season. Never v -as ther° a worse time, for getting about. London is choke with every abomination in the shape of ohstr uctiJoe that the most malignant ingenuity of all the Ftlf'i e° could bring together. Railways thrust their e" mini into the very heart of the capital , and creote more traffic than they relieve. In propt)rtion 313 these termini approach each other the cab and ear: riage traffic is concentrated in parts of towu °'; certain hours, till it is almost impossible t o trave' t except on foot, and not always then. ;No clon,,,bd when London is finished it will be a very flee 8" commcdious city; but in the meantime, and po d ' bably for a century at least, it must remait with every annoyance that can arise frorc , the Pr °. seem ion of public works on the moat gigar tic scle ; Hideous bridges disfigure the streets. Wegg ni3 ,.. loaded with girders and spandrils obstruct the we '' and create a dead lock at every important corner: The pulling down of houses necessitate hos rdlog7 which encroach on the pavement And drive tk`le t e° passenger on to the roadway. Tne Thames elli d d bankrnent takes thousands of carts of ballast en dry rubbish through the busiest thoroughterli while there is not a house, or a business, or a vas interest, that is not threatened by so me invatalogd power, and bidden to prepare itself to ma ke g its claims to compensation. When to all t.liese added unsupportable heat, irremovable dust, O ve „ .° powering smells, and ceaseless noise, is it an; be en f der that, successful as the London season has be scarcely a soul in town is sorry that it is over COUNTRY MARKETS. MANCHESTER—THURSDAY. A thin attendance at our market to-day, and the busit tel ! a due' treme limited English wheat generally h eld for theau. treme rates of this day se'nnight, and in fo rei g n a rer ode tion of Id to 2d pot . cental took place. For flour the both was dull, but unaltered in value. Oats and oatme moved off slowly, at late rates. Eng li sh and gYP'" beans firm. Indian corn 6d per qr cheaper. ,ENT—THURSDAY. our market, and we quot sa at. Barley and other arte ioleii BURTON. ON-T.ll. A small show of grain at advance of is to 2s on whe, also rather dearer. Old white wheat..42B to 46s Old red wheat, to 40 . 0 New do. ..47s to 52s I New do. 4ls to 46,5 Malting barley....32s to 35s I Oats lna to : ) .b 6 Grinding d0.....28s to 30s I Beans 36s to 430 BIRMINGHAM—THURSDAY. There was a fair supply of English wheat at market to day, and last week's prices were fully supported, Arnerieza t lower. Barley and oats as before. Brans an d peas &r.' —English wheat was sold at 4 4 s to 50 s for white , and 4vw to 46s per 36 stone for red. Barley , new malt i ng , 30 tc) 38s per qr ; grinding, 24s to 2 6 5. Oats , old , 22s to 304 per 30 stone ; Irish, 20s to 245. Beaus, 38s to 40a per qr. Peas, 34s to as per 36 stone. EDINBURGH GRAIN—JULY 27. I, Of To. day there was a very large supply of country wheat' which sold fairly at is decline on last week's prices. Wheat on the top is Od down average is 4d doh, uP• Barley on the top is Od up . Oats on the top Os 6d up Beans on the top 2s 6d up average Os lid uP. aavveerraaggee O cls s 4d 6d up. Average Prices. nig 91 Wheat 4ls 3d I Oats. 000000 ~,,_6 3d Barley 3os 7d I Beans ............ 4:4 _ _ _ Total Supply and Sales. Wheat........ 1686 qrs Sold 117 1 qr o Barley.... lO6 qrs Sold 106 qrs Oats Beans 132 qrs Sold 75 gr 3 DAY. Our market wa GLASGO s fairly attended W—WzDNEs by farmers all.u u s low' The show of wheat was moderate, which met wi t h ()Lilac demand at a slight reduction upon former rates. grain and meal without quotable change. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. 8 Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton. ...... .A 1 18" ]g. via Marseilles .........Aug.o 4: brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet........ .q, Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Ilelena..Mg*;". China, Penang, and Singapore, via Suuthampton .Ao, B, via Marseilles ...July Falkland Islands . Gibraltar, via Southampton ............... .. ....... ---"; India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton.. Aug. ' 4 ,, v ia Marseilles.... July P. India (Bombay), via Southampton ............ July ---°. via M a rseilles ................ Aug. 4. Portugal.... ............................ Aug. 4. 6lalta, Egypt, and Aden, via Sout ham p ton July ---_,: via Marseilles July VA' Newfoundland .. Aug. 3, Oporto and Vigo .... • U. S. and British N. America, b by y yc ß g ua r cn.s it ah .. d p ipli a iana, c c k pkp e eea t rte . u.k . :e .. l. ju ..A ja u ly g y . 2 : 99: All parts of West Indies, including California. and British Columbia.. ]ADVERTISEMENT.) —Holloway's pins._Eveuent vivers.—The resources of medicine and chemistry we'll long and fruitlessly tried before they yielded a ° ra v es, which could overcome disorders of the stomach and oe t t o io till Professor Holloway discovered his purifying allcfl Pills. They are the safest and surest correc tives gestion, heartburn, flatulency, torpidity of the liver, tAwe'clio, ings, nervous fancies, despondency , low spirits. an d. ope ou ing strength. Holloway's Pills supersede all ell ort the actions in the body, and so strengthen and suPP lii tle, !•( system, that disease departs, and leaves the patient f w ed , ' at all, shaken, This is the grand aim and object ° a gieg cal art--to regulate disordered functions without. dag o e nd the constitution by the remedy; and admirably 18 t attained by Holloway's Pills. . --.88, BUTLER.—On the 28th inst , Births at 43, Gloucester-te%84., b il2 r , r d i e s i e pa - r a k t , - t la h w e , w o i f fe a o s l n Spencer Percival Butler' GRIHAM. r th —On e 28th o i t he Lady inst., , at the Admira lt y , Hermione Graham, of a so . n. „ a COOMANsEEL. MANSEL.—On the 27th inst., at Preston, the wile - kansel, 3d Hussars, of a daughter. Marriages. t ilYt BERNARD—ELwEs. — On the 28th inst., at St o . 3 of ILimpstead, 'Thomas Tyringham Benard , .i"'cll the Winchendon Priory, Bucks, I‘l,P , to Ellen. relict() late Henry El wes, Esq., late Marc.ham-park. Be i . rks. 'O, STUART—SEYMOUR. — On the 28th inst., at St' o f al r to Piccadilly, Lieut.-Colonel Crichton Stuart , 3 '; doll. Gertrude Frances, second daughter of the Stuart, Sir G. Hamilton Seymour, G.U.B. Deaths. joilea BEDFORD. —On the 27:h Inst., at Putney, Captain Bedford, formerly of the 2d Bombay N.I. ~, nlac e ' ELLERTON.—On the 27th ine,t , at 6, Cornaugu.'%.hter Hyde-park, Lady Harriet Barbara, youngest dos . 1,, of the seventh Earl of Scarborough, and wif e °f Ellerton, Esq. Horst.—On the 25th inst., at Kelvedon, ,f r g D. Holm, aced 41. 11 00 LANE —On the 25th inst., at Thames Dittos, r i . Lano, Esq., aged 78 , Lescl i t LEA.CIi —ot, the 26th inst., at Belize -park, Av l' e ' - Esq., late of the India Board of Control, aged 77. .tops NA.SH.-011 ihe 28th inst., at 12, Park-terrace, 13' Wm. Nash,aged 73. Fre ak. PILIN.—On the 26 h 'at St. Alban's, Bees, t inst., Palin ,aged 31. ~.•••••"" _____—............... Essei, A.--. . _ _ „„,,,..—.. --irS• London and Prblished by WILLIA2d.ANP I ;! —,, ' 1 32. of NO. 112, Prinzed Strand, Printer, at Tuß SUN Office ''' .o :, a Strand, in the Precinct of t he 'Savoy, A t he CQ 2ll— July 29, ltitit.