The Sun. — London, England, 1826-04-27 00:00:00

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THE COURTofDIRECTORSofthe UNITED COMPANY of MERCHANTS of ENGLAND Trad ing to the EAST INDIES do hereby give Notice, That a QUARTERLY GENERAL COURT of the said Company will be held at their House in Leadenhall-street on Wednesday, the 21st of June next, at Eleven o'Clock in the Forenoon, for the purpose of declaring a Dividend from Christ i:MS last to Midsdnuner next. Inn, Bath, the London Tavern, Thomas-street, and Swan, Bristol, early the next Morning. At reduced Fares: BROMPTON, Chatham, Rochester, Gravesend, Stroud, Sittingbourne, Rainham, and Ospringe, every Morning. CARLISLE " Express," only One Night on the Road, to Penrith, and Whitehaven, a New Light Four-inside PO'it Coach, with a Guard all the way; passes through Appleby. Brough, Bowes, 'Greta-bridge, Richmond, Catterick, Bo roughbridge, Forrybridge, Doncaster, Newark, Bawtry, Grantham, Stamford, Greethani, Stilton, Biggleswade, and Baldock. Sets out in the Morning, and perforiks the jour ney with the greatest facility. Passengers detained on the Road by business or pleasure, hive the peculiar advantage of their Seats being secured in the next Coach.—The only direct Coach to Carlisle. FOREIGN CORN. in it, within the districts whose surplus finds a vent through the mouths of the Vistula ; and also to collect information on the subject in the .other parts of the Continent through which I passed. ! price, of tindertakes to convey it to Dantzic, to be sold at the risk of the debtor.; Mit with the proceeds to be received by the creditor. INSTRUCTIONS TO MR. JACOB, RESPECTING THE PRICES OF FOREIGN CORN. r. (Or , by the House of Com mons ,' t o Imprinted, arch 14, 1826.) . , (Copy ,- ' Office of Committee of Privy Council for Trade, 25th June, 1825. Sir---It . being the desire of the Lords of the Committee of his Majesty's Privy Council for Trade, to obtain the most correct in formation on every subject connected with the supply of Foreign Corn, I have been 'directed by their Lordships to acquaint you with their intention to avail themselves of your services for the examination of the state of those countries, the productions of which find an outlet by the raver Vistula into the Baltic. You will, 'therefore, be pleased to proceed with as Much expedition as you can make convenient to commence the examination, beginning at the city of Dantsie, where the Vistula enters the ses. - Though you will direct your chief attention to that division of ancient Poland now comprehended in the Austrian province of Gallicia, situated between the river Bugg, towards Lemberg and the river Wisla, towards Cracow, yet, in your route towards that district, the province of West Prussia, belonging to Prussia, and of 'Voiotia, which now, und.tr the . governmezit of Russia, farms a part of the Vicerosalty of Poland, will rewire your exantins, tion. " I heard every where among landowners, farmers, and corn merchants, complaints of the distress in Which they were involv ed ; and their complaints were far too general to leave room for the suspicion, that they were not founded on the existing state of their respective circumstances. The prices of produce of all kinds within the last three or four years, when compared with the pe riod which had preceded them, or indeed ,with any past period, in which prices are accurately recorded, confirmed the convic tion, that their complaints were justified by the losses they had sustained. The charges for warehousing, shipping, freight, tolli, commis sion, and other demands, have been lately so high, in propor tion to the prices, that very small sinus have been carried to the credit of the landholder; and where estates ate mortgaged, they have been generally insufficient in amount to keep under the grotring interest. There are two modes of conveying wheat to Dantzio by tlic Vistula. That which grows near the lower parts of the river, comprehending Polish Prussia, and part of the province of Rock, and of Masovia, in the kingdom of Poland, *hlch is generally of au inferior quality, is conveyed in covered boats, With shilling boards that protect the cargo from the rain, but not from pilfering. These vessels are long, and draiv , aboilt fifteen inches water, and bring about 100 quarters of Wheat. They are not, hotvever, so well calculated for the tipper parts of the river. 'Prom Cracow tvhere the Vistula fitst becomes navigable, to below the junction of the Dug. with that stream, the wheat is mostly conveyed to Dantzic ih open flatts. These are constructed on -the banks, in seasons of leisure, on spots far from the 'ordinary reach of the water; but which, when the rains of autumn, or the. Melted snow of the Carpithian mountains, in the spring, fill and overflow the river, are easily floated. Barges of this description are about '75 feet long, and tO broad With adept! of two feet and a half. They are made of fit, rudely Out together, fastened with wooden treenail', the cornets dovetailed and secured with slight from clamps, -the only iron eh►ployed in the construction. That the Transfer Books of the said Company's Stock will be Shut on Tuesday, the 6th June next, at Three o'Clock, and opened again on Thursday, the 13th July following. And that the Dividend Warrants on the said Company's Stock, 'due on the bth July, will be' ready to be delivered on Thursday, the 6th July next. CHESTER Light Coaches to Newport, Whitechurch, Tar • porley, Namptwich, Northwich, and Middiewich, every morn ing and afternoon. COVENTRY 44 Tally Ho," light fast Day -Coach, every morning at a quarter before 7, through Redirtirn, Dunstable, Stoney Stratford, Towcester, Weedon, Daventry, and Dun church, It appeared of some importance to collect, where it could be done with any assurance of accuracy, the prices of corn for a series of years. The wars of which these countries have been the theatre gate a degree of uncertainty to some of the accounts before the year 1815, and that uncertainty was, in several places increased by the variations in the value of the circulating medium, which had taken place during the continuance of hostilities. Except at Dantzlc, where a register had been kept for near two centuries; at Berlin, where, from the Minister of the Interior,' received the • prices for fifty years ; and at Warsaw, where I obtained them from the Stadthousc, for thirty years, I confined my inquiries to the last tan yeal.s. The several accounts which were collected form a part of the Appendix-en-Otis-Report. As the facts enllected,iiud the remarks made during my jour ney, are of very variola kißds, and were committed to writing as they occurred, ft may be more satisfactory to your Lordships, if .after shortly describing the nature of the corn trade, as carried on by the Vistula, which, as far as concerns wheat, is the most im portant ; and, after recounting, according to my instructions, the quantity of wheat aecummulated in the several, exporting places, I state whatever relates to the raising of corn, to the cost of its production, :and the supplies yielded, in the different divisions of Europe, which have hitherto conveyed their grain to our mar kets in the Order in which I viewed the several countries. JOSEPH DART, Secretary. THE WIDOW of an OFFICER in his MA JESTY'S SERVICE being desirous or appropriating her pension to the EDUCATION of her FAMILY, would be glad to find some Lady in want of a companion. Salary is hot so much the object as a comfortable residence.—The most resPfetable references will be given by applying at 112, Strand. DOVER and Paris Patent Safe Coach, every morning, through Canterbury and Chatham. DORCHESTER New light Day Coaches, in fourteen hours only, through Bagshot, Blackwater, Basingstoke. Overton, Whitchurch, Andover, Salisbury; Wood)eats, Cashmore, and . Blandford, at a quarter past 5 and 7 in the morning. EXETER Soi'ereign," NeW light fast Coach every morn ing-at 7 o'Clock, through Bonito!), Axminster, Charniolittit Bridpurt, 'Doi-Cheater, .111andford, Woodyntes Inn, Salis bury, Stockbridge, Sutton, Basingstoke, Blackwater, and Bagshot. GLASGOW, Longtown,Gretna-green, Annan, Dinniries, Brownhill, I, Sanquhar-Kiln, Canitiock , • Kingswell! Anti all Parts of Scotland, a light Four inside Post Coach daily. ARROWGATE and Ripminew Light Post Coaches, every Afternoon at Two, and Seven in the Morning. HERTFORD Coach, through Waltham Cross, Cheshunt, Hoddesdon. and Ware. CRADOCK'S LITERARY MEMOIRS. THE SECOND EDITION of ihese . ME , MOIRs, may be now had, price 10s. 6d. of Nichols tinci Son, 25, Parliament-street ; and of all Booksellers. At Graudentz or Thorn, in the Prussian part, it i. understood that a toll is collected on wares in their passage down the Vistula; and you may, therefore, probably ascertain the quantities of corn which, in a series of years, have been annually conveyed down that river to Dantsic. DISH The Last Man" who can ever have the honour, singly as Contractor, to submit a Lottery to the British Public, has been more than usually anxious to render this his Last Scheme worthy their approval. Government having arranged the Last Lottery of all to be taken by the Office-keepers who usually bid for a Lottery, and determined that DISH'S FARInVELL CONTRACT, Being the very Last Lottery but One that can ever be offered must be all decided NEXT WEDNESDAY, (3d MAY). BISH entreats his " best friends." the Public, to be early in their application for Tickets and Shares, to partake of the YY A large tree the length of the vessel, no along tits bottom tO which the limbers are secured. This roughly cut keelson rises nine or ten inches from the floor, and hurdles are' laid on it, which extend to the sides. They are covered with mats made of rye straw, and serve the purpose of dunnage ; leaving below a apace iu which the water that leaks through the skies and bottom is re ceived. The bulk is kept froth the sides and ends of the barge by a similar plan. The water Which theta ill-ccinstructed and im perfectly caulked vessels receive, is dipped out at the end and sides of the bulk of *heat. In the Russian provinces you will endeavour to make yourself acquainted with the nature of the transit trade in cont, with the state of 'the magazines_ of this article at NiTarsaW,'• Praga, and other places, and' the :nintles in which, and the , !'itesctiption of persons by whoni, it is collected, for the purpose of transmission to Dantsic. HOLYHEAD New light fast Day and Night Coaches, through 13,idgenorth, Walsal, Shrewsbury, and Salop, evet y morning and afternoon. HULL " Express," a New Light Post Coach, to Lincoln- Northcave, Bowden, and Doncaster, every Morning, to the Cross Keys, Market-place, Hull and also the " Rocking ham" in the Afternoon at Two. It will, indeed, be desirable to learn, with as much accuracy as possible, the quantity in warehouse, not only at the places you visit, but at other places, and especially at Ilamboreh, Konigs berg, Memel, Elbing, and Riga. In the Austrian provinces of Gallicii, as well as in the territo ries of Prussia and Austria, which will precede it in your route, you will obtain all the information in your power, regarding the condition of the soil, the manner of its cultiva tion, the average increase of the several kinds of grain, the proportion of ploughed land to that in F;sture, in woods, or in waste; the relative numbers Which the other inhabitants bear to those employed in agriculture ; the descriptions of grain or other food which supply the wants of the inhabitants; the rate of the wages of labourers in agriculture, in handicraft, and in ma nufacturing; the condition of the farmers and labourers, as re- , garde their dwellings, their clothing, their utensils, their furni ture, and their food ; the hours devoted to labour; the assiduity and skill with which labour is performed ; the number of days abstracted from labour by the festivals of the Catholic church ; the extent of the military service or conscriptions itnponsl on the rural inhabitants ; the pecuniary and personal demands for the repairs of roads,, bridges, the poor and other local purposes ; the rate of rent, whether tolerably paid, and in what proportion (if any) it has been reduced since the peace; the average price at which the present extent of bread corn could continue to be grown; how far the price of corn has been reduced since the peace ; what increase in price would stimulate to more extensive cultivation; and what proportion of bread corn or wheat is consumed in the country, and by what classes. Vesselg of this description draw from ten to twelve inches of water, and yet they frequently get aground, in descending the river. The cargoes generally consist of fl.om ISO to 200 q*- tars of wheat. SVC PRIZES of £21,000, &c. &c. forming an aggregate of X 337,000 ALL TO BE DECIDED IN ONE DAY, NEXT WEDNESDAY, f3d MAY). Tickets and Shares are selling at BISII'S, the Contractor's, Offices, No. 4, Cornhill, and 9, Charing-Cross, and by his Agents in all the principal Cities and Towns of the United Kingdom. The wheat is thrown 'on the mats, piled u high akthe gun wale, anti left uncovered, exposed to all the incleinencies of the sveathee, and to the pilfering of the crew. During the passage . , the barge is carried along by the force of the stream, oars being merely used at the head and stern, to steer clear of the sand bank* which are numerous and shifting; and to direct the vessel iri passing under the several bridges. These vessels are conducted by six or seven men. A small boat precedes with a man in it; who is employed in sounding, in order to avoid the Shifting shoals. This mode of navigating is necessar ily ver y s l ow; an d during the progress of it, which lasts several weeks, and even months, the rain, if any falls; soon causes the wheat to grow, and the vessel assumes the appearance of a floating meadow. '1 he shooting of the fibres soon forms a thick mat, aid prevents the rain from penetrating more than an inch or two. The main bulk is protected by this kind of covering, and When that is thrown aside, is found in tolerable condition. BUSH'S GREAT LUCK !—The tide of success continues to flow uninterrupedly to BISH'S Offices—every drawing affords him the gratification of announcing that a very large portion of all the Prizes have been sold by him. In the Lottery just ended, he Shared and Sold several Capitals, including TWO PRIZES of £20,000 each, vii., 7,340 Class A, a Prize of £20,000 ! 10,003 Class B, a Prize of £20,000 ! . In the previous Lottery, which was all drain 6th December 145 t, BISH sold TWO of £30,000 ! Ana in the Lottery immediately preceding, draWn on the 113th October last, DISH Sold THREE of 120,000 ! And within the last Eleven Months, BISH sold FIVE £30,000, and ELEVEN £20,000 ! The yowls are broken up at Dautzie, and usually sell for about tw third.; of their original cost. The men who , conduct them return on foot. IMPORTANT TO FAMILIES THE BEST COMMENT on the -Virtues and Renovating Efficacy ,of Dr. SOLOMAIM CELE BRATED CORDIAL BALM OF GILEAD AS,.the Cer. taluty that Ladies of Fshion and Respectability firtritthe Most, Elflmpious Medical Restorative to be met with Jit • various Weaknesses peculiar to their Sex, gently throwing, a genial warmth upon the debilitated and relaxed frame, rtteruiting the decayed spirits, dissipating headache, dulness and languor, and creating a pleasing vivacity. Th e great extent to which it is used by the Sickly, the Nervous, and the Debilitated, proves Its unrivalled merit; to thousands of whom it is daily affording relief which no other Medicine has supplied. To those whom early indulgence of the Passions—Dissipa tion, or too great Reliance 'on Constitutional Strength, have been injurious ; to the Sufferer from Lowness of Spirits, Heavi ness of Mind, Deranged Stomach, Languor, and Incapacity for Exertion; to those in whom the Digestive and Nervous systems have been deranged, and consequently labouring under irregular and painful action; and to those persons who hive ruined their Constitutions, and brought on a perfect Tabes Dorsalis, by an immoderate indulgence of their passions; or in their way to the consummation of that deplorable Malady are greeted with Weaknesses and the Obstruction of certain Eva mations, this remedy is recommended from ample experience as the best restorative. A very important observation may be made in favour of this :elebrated hfedicine, that unless its operation was gentle, safe, and efficacious ; it could not have obtained the unexampled demand it has acquired; for, as it has rarely the great advan tage of a persuasive advocate at the ear of the Patient, so no. thing but his conviction of its virtues, by its salutary effects, :an induce perseverance, and yet reasonable perseverance is :ertainly most requisite to enable even the happiest combine. ions of Chemicals and Gaknicals to root out chronic diseases sad restore the valetudinarian to health. Much more might be said in just report of it; for great experience has shewn that none need despair, however dangerous their situation may be, when so noble, safe, and efficacious a remedy Is offered for their relief. CAUTION'. ---As many Imitations of this excellent Remedy are on Sale, the Public will be sure to ask for it as " Dr. Solo mon's," and Look at the Stamp affixed to each Bottle, which has " Sarni. Solomon, Liverpool," engraven upon it : none )ther is genuine. • Patients requiring advice may obtain it by application to Gilead-House, accompanied with a remittance of a 1/. Note. To be had at Gilead-House, near Liverpool; of Mr. John , iton, 68, Cornhill; Mr. Sanger (late Bacon & Co.), 150, Ox ford-street; M r . W ar d , Holborn; Mr. Henry Mackeill, 33, Whitechapel, London; and by all the principal Venders of Patent Medicines throughout the United Kingdom, price I le. per Bottle, or four in one Family Bottle for 33*. VERY FAST TRAVELLING, To BIRMINGHAM and LIVERPOOL, by DAY and NIGHT FOUR INSIDE COACHES, which KEEP GOOD TIM E, from the SARACEN'S HEAD INN, SKINNER-STREET, SNOW-HILL, LONDON,. THE following LIGITT POST-COACIIES, and MAILS, &c. set out from the above Inn:— BIRMINGHAM " Tally Hot" fast Day Coach, in thir teen hours, Morning at a quart er b e f ore Seven, through Red burn, Mrtret Street, Dunstable, Brickhill, Fenny Stratford, F.trntford,Towcester, Weedon, Daventry, Dtinchurch, etiventry; and Stone Bridge, to the Castle Hotel and St. lieorge s Tavern, High-street, Birmingham , to Shi ff nall, Wellington, Bridgenortb, Shelton, Shrewsbury, Oswestry, Nantwich, Tarporley, Bangor, Chester, and Holyhead.— Driven through w ith two Coachmen o nly: In consequence if the decided preference given to the Tally Ho Coach, the Proprietors are det erm i ne d no expence shall be spared to render it the first conveyance on the Birmingham Road. BIRMINGHAM "Royal Express," New light fast Night Coach, in 15 hours only, and driven through with Two Coachmen, sets out every afternoon, carrying Four Inside only ; passes through Warwick, Leamington, Southern, Weedon, Daventry., Stoney-Stratford, and Towcester, to the iaracen's Head, Bull-street, Birmingham, early the next Morning. BARNSTAPLE, Southmolton, Crediton, Tiverton, North aivton, Oakhampton, Torrington, Chumleigh, Ilfracomb, :nil Biddeford, New light fast Coach, every Morning, at 7. BOSTON New Royal Pat,. t Mail to Louth, through .oyston, Cambridge, Huntingdon, Stilton Peterborough, )eeping, Spalding, Spilsby, Alford, and Grimsby, Evening, it Half past 7, Sunday, at a Quarter before 7. CAMBRIDGE New Royal Patent Mail, through Ware,, 3 untingford, Buckland, and. Royston, Evening, at Half past r, Sunday, at a Quarter before 7. BATH and BAISTOL Cheap Post-Coaches, through Chip :et:ham, Caine, Marlborough, Hungerford, Newbury, and leading, every Afternoon at one; arrive at the Greyhound KENDAL Light fast Post. Coaches to Lancaster, Preston, Kirby-Lonschile, Bolton, Ohorley, Ormskirk, and Garatang, every morning and afternoon. KIDDERMINSTER, Stoorbridge, and Dudley, through Birmingham, and West Bromwich, light Coaches every morn ing and afternoon. LEEDS " Rockingham," light Post Coach, sets out every Afternoon at Two; and passes through Baldock, Big gleswade, Eaton, Buckden, Stilton, Wausford, Stamford, Greetbam. Grantham, Newark, Tnxford, Markham Moor, Retfold, Bawtry, Doncaster, and Ferrybridge, arrives at. the Golden Lion Inn, Leda, next Afternoon at Three, its time or the Bradford, Halifax, Shipton, and Huddersfield Coaches. Driven through with• Four Coachmen only.--Luggage aad Packages only id per lb.—Nutwithstanding the uncommon Expedition of this Coach it is allowed to he the most agree. able and complete Public Conveyance on the North Road, ljeing unequalled by any other. LIVERPOOL and Staffordshire Potteries New light fast Day Coach, every morning at half-past Six, driven through With Four Coachmen only. LIVERPOOL. " Umpire," New light fast Four Inside Coach, in 27 hours only, (but one Night on the Road), sets out Daily at One ; and arrive! at Liverpool next afternoon, through Woburn, Lathbury, Northampton, Welton", Lot terworth, Hinckley,Atherstone,Tamworth, Litchfield, Stone, Newcastles Knutsford, Warrington, and Prescot. LIVERPOOL " Royal Express," New light Four Inside Post Coach, in Twenty-seven hours, and driven through by Four Coachmen only, through Warrington, Pres ton, Congleton, Lawton, Newcastle, Rugely, Knutsford, Stone, Stafford, arid Litchfield, (only One Night on the road), every Afternoon; arrives at the Saracen's Head Inn, pale-street, Liverpool, next Afternoon. The advan tages to Travellers who honour this Coach with their pre ference are far superior to any other on this Road, especially to Commercial Interests, a. it performs the journey in less time than any other Coach, and is driven through with Four Coachmen ; and, notwithstanding its cheapness and expedi. tier;, the Proprietor, pledge themselves that for safety and accommodation it is equalled by few, and shall be surpassed by none. MANCHESTER and Alt ringbant New light very fast Day Coach, every morning to the Mostly Arms and Swan Inn. MANCHESTER to Winslow,Congleton, Newcastle, Wolverham pl On, ,sn d K nuts ford, light Four Inside Coaches. MARLBOROUGH and Swindon, fuur-inside Day Coach, through Maidenhead, Reading, Newbnry,H ungerford,Rains bury, and Aldhourn. Driven through with One Coachman only. The nearest conveyance to Lambourn, Parton, Woot ton Basset, and Pewsey. NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE and UNDER LINE Coaches every morning and afternoon. Only One Night on the road. PLYMOUTH " Satereign," New light fast Coach, to Fal mouth, Truro, Bodmin, Peitryn, Ashburton, Totness, and Newton Abbott, every morning at 7. RAMSGATE " Royal Telegraph," New superior fast safe Coach, to Margate, Dover, Deal, Broadstairs, Canterbury, Feversham, and Sandwich—every Morning at half-past 7. — In consequence of the decided preference given to the Te legraph safe Coach, the Proprietors are determined no expense shall be spared to renderit the first conveyance on tint Kent Road. SHEFFIELD " Express," and also " The Rockingham," through Rotherham, New Four inside Post Coaches, every morning and afternoon. SHREWSBURY, Wellington, and Shiffnal, Light Post. Coaches, every morning and ►,ftrrn►►on.---Guarded. SOUTHAMVION Union,"to Lytuington, Lyndhurst. Winchester, Basingstoke, Hart ford Bridge, Black water, and Bagshot, New Four Inside Coach, every morning, and ar rives at the Coach and Horses and Vine Inn, Southamp ton, by Five. This is a most delightfal Conveyance to the Isle of Wight, Jersey, Guettisey, St. Maloes, Havre de Grace, Chcrhourgh, &c.—The Pruptietors of the above Coach hope to receive a continuance of that support which has hitherto been experienced since the commencement of the'' Union." STAFFORDSHIRE POTTERMS, a new light very fast Coach, es ery a fternoon, to Lanend, Stoke, Shelton, Burslem, Tunstall, Lawton, Hardy and Holmes Chapel. This is the only Coach direct to the Potteries. STASI FORD light Pest Coaches every morning and after noon, through Baldock, Biggleswade, St. Scots, 13uckden, Alconbury, Stilton, and Wandsford. • SUNDERLAND, Stockton, and Yarm Light Post Coach ever y Morning, to the George Inn, Sunderland. TYCTENHAM and Edmonton Coaches daily, at Eleven, H a lf.past Two, Five, and Eight o'clock. WAKEFIELD Four inside Post-Coaches, every Morning and Afternoon. WARWICK and Leamington Day and Night fast Coaches, through Daventry, Weedou, Toweester, and Stoney Strat ford, %W ELLS, B r idgewater, Taunton, Falmott , h, and Ply mouth Coaches, and to all Parts of the %Vest of England. WEYMOUTH " Magnet" Coach, through Bagshot, Black water, Basingstoke, Overton, Whitchnrch, Andover, Wood. crate, Cashmore, S alisbury, Blatalford. and Dorchester, at a Quarter past Five o'Clock in the Morning. Driven through with Two Coachmen only. WEYMOUTH PACKETS to Guernsey, Jersey, Cher_ botirg, St. Mrtioe's, Jtc. every Wednesday and Saturday af ternoon, at Two, from %Weymouth. WOLVERHAMPTON only Day Coach to Dudley, West Bromwich, and Meriden, through Coventry—Morning, at a quarter before 7, and every afternoon. YORK "Express," to Scarborough, %Whitby, Shields, Sun derland, Newcastle, and Edinburgh, a New light Font insid e Post Coach, with a Guard throughout ; sets out every hlorniag by way of Newark, ltetford, Doncaster, Fer rybeldge, I'm:inter, Darlington, Northallerton, Rushyford, Durham, Mut petty, and Berwick, and arrives at York early next Morning. Passengers finding themselves fatigue d on the •ourney, may res t w h a t time they please, and th en p roceed withostt any additional Fare. At Re dußedd Fares to Ramsgate, Margate, and Canter. bury. S. A. MOUNTAIN and Co. respectfully acquaint their Friends and the Public, that they will n.it be accountable lot any Parcels. Passenger's Lugga , s ,,, writiogs.Plate, etc. of more than Five Pounds Value if lost, stolen, or damaged, unless entered as si te ! ) , and the Insurance paid accord ingly, at the Saracen's Head Inn, Skinner-street, Snow-hill, London. With respect to the higher classes, it will be desirable to obtain as much infor;nation as possible, how far they have advanced in that knowledge which is applicable to the improvement of their domains ; what zeal is felt for such improvement, And what un employed capital is to be found which, in case.of an increased de mand for corn, would be likely to be applied to the advancement of agriculture and the increase of its productions. It will be important to ascertain the prices of the several de scriptions of corn at the plactm of then greurati4 , AsA v e ll, as th e ex pences of conveying it to Dantsie; or to 'Elbing, ashen it Is ear tied to that port. This should not only conipreheml the past and present period, but should be viewed, prospectively, so as to esti- • mate what would be the effect, if it constant sale could be found for the surplus corn of the country in the . English markets. You will endeavour to learn what the actual surplus of groin has been in 4 series of years, by ascertaining., with all possible accuracy, what quantities of each kind' ofeorii have been sent out of the country by land, and what quantities, have been Vrought in from the neighbouring territories of Silesia, Bohemia, and Moravia, on one side, and from the Russian dominions on the other. _ _ Besidc acquiring information on the present condition of Po land, including the dominions of the three great Powers, their Lordships would wish your attention to be turned towards all facts that bear on the subject of the changes that might be produced in that country, if such an alteration were made in our laws as would leave our markets at all times accessible to the corn grown in Poland. You will consider, from the view you take of the country, what increase of culvitatiou would be likely to take place in con sequence of such a stimulus being constantly in action ; what ef fect the extension of cultivation to pourer lands would have on the general prices ; endeavouring by every means in your power to arrive at some estimate of the additional quantities which; in yeare of medium productiveness, might be imported into this kingdom from Poland. As it may be necessary to assume some given price in this country, in forming such an estimate as to that to which I have now referred, it is thought desirable that you should proceed upon a supposition of an average price of wheat at home of from tiOs. to 645. a quarter. Although I have not noticed the several kinds of animals in the country you are about to visit, their Lordship would be pleased to know what proportion the food supplied by them, bears to that supplied by corn, and other vegetable substances ; and also if the quantity of live stock is such as, upon a more extended system of tillage, would be likely to afford the means of renovating the fer tility of the soil, in a degree equal to the exhaustion which. would be occasioned by a greater growth of corn. There are other subjects which will present themselves to your observation and engage your attention, which in an immediate or indirect degree, may bear on the subject, which has induced their Lordship to employ you on this business; and these they trust you will report, with all the exactness and accuracy in your power. In every part of your journey you will bear in mind, and di rect your inquiries towards the influence which the price of food in general, and of corn in particular, has had on the rates of la bour in manufactures, and learn in what proportion the wages of that description of labour have been lowered, as compared with the decline in the price of corn. In the report you may prepare for the notice -of their Lord ship, when you have completed your examination, you will re duce all the monies, weights, and measures of the different dis tricts you examine, into those of this country; having reference, as f ar as regar d s t h e first, to the actual value of the paper,curren cies of Russia and Austria circulating in the territories of 'those sbvetilgus ; and to that of the metallic money circulated in the dominions of Prussia, as well as to the fluctuations in the rates of exchange. I am, &c. William Jacob, Esq. (Signed) THOS. LACK. MR. JACOB'S REPORT ON THE TRADE IN CORN, AND ON THE AGRICULTURE OF THE NORTH OF EUROPE DATED FEB. 21. 1826. To the Right Honourable the Lords of the Committee of Hie Majesty's Privy Council for Trade. My Loans—ln pursuance of the instructions communicate,) by your Lordships on the 25th June last, I proceeded to the Continent, passing through the Netherlands, the Prussian Pro vinces on the Rhine, and the dominions of Saxony, to Berlin, mad from thence by Stettin to Dantxic. From Dantzic I travelled through the kingdom of Poland, vi siting Thorn, Warsaw, and Cracow ; deviating in several direc tions from the main road, returned through Gallicia, Moravia, Austria, Bavaria, and Wirtemburgli, to Strasbilrgh, where I en tered France, and by - .7ay of Paris, reached E ng l an d. I was induced, by my instructions, to direct my prin c ip a l at tention to the supplies of grain, and the na t ure o f t h e commerce The commerce of corn generally in the countries whose con nexion with the sea is maintained by the river Vistula has been extensive during a long series of years. The shipment to foreign countries was, during a long period,, almost exclusively confined to the city of Dantzic. The Government of Prussia viewed with some jealousy the trade of that city, which was then one of the independent Hawse Towns; and having the land on both side!, the river, from the briendaries of Poland to those of Dantzic, endeavoured, by forming the city of Elbing into a free mart, to draw the trade through that place and its port of Pillau. Some success attended this plan, and the trade was carried on through the two rival channels, with a competition which:has been continued to the present time; for though Dantzic has been since added to the Prussian territories, and the preference given to Elhing consequently withdrawn, the latter city = seems to have retained its proportionate share of the export of corn. Attempts are at this time making by Russia, to divert the corn trade of Poland, but especially of the provinces of that country, which have been separated from it, and are now comprehended in Russia, to the port of Riga as the place of 0 3 ipmefit. For this purpose canals are now constructing, which are intended to faci litate the conveyance of goods to the river Duna. It is not host*. ever probable, that a very great proportion of the trade wilt be drawn into that channel. The port of Riga is closed by frost a much longer time than that of Dantzic ; the passage from it to the countries where corn is wanted is longer ; the climate is less fa vourable for drying the grain after, removing it from the barges, preparatory to shipment ; and it, at present, has not those spicious and well-adapted warehouses, for the secure deposit of corn, by which Dantzic is eminently, distinguished. Some portion of the corn is at present brought down to the sea shore, larthe river Neimen, and after paying a transit duty to Prussia, at the town of . s:'clitnalettingken, is conveyed to Memel. This branch of the trade is, heweVer, but small, as it appeari (see Appendix, .No. 1,) that in the three years, 1816, 1817, and 1818, a period when the general trade was the greatest, thewhole quantity thatpaid the transit duty was only 49,59 t; quarters of wheat, 21,830 quarter* ot 'bailey, 185,299 4tuirters of rye,• and 109e4.82 quarters of oats. Prorn the southern province's of Poland, viz. Sandomir and Cracow, in which the greatest quantity of the hod wheat is pro duced, a portion is annually sent into the neighbouring Prussian province of Silesia, by land, where a-part of it is consumed by the few inhabitants of Breslow, and the other cities, who eat wheaten bread. The greater part is, however, conveyed by the river Oder, and then by the canal which unites that river with the Havel, to the city of Berlin. It forms an article in the Weekly returns of the corn market of that capital ; and, by the whiteness of its flour, is preferred fur pastry and confectionary. In those years, when the prices of grain have been the most rake! in Eng land, some of it has been sent here from Stettin, whilst those of the inhabitants of that neighbourhood' who used wheat were sup pile with an inferior kind, . o f•th e i r own growth. Those other channels, by which the surplus corn of Poland is distributed, bear, however, but a small proportion to that which passes by the mouths of the Vistula, at Dantzic and Ming, and the manner in which the trade by these places is carried on may deserve detailed notices. The cultivators of that corn which is supplied to trade, are al most universally both owners awl occupiers of the tooll on which it grows. They cultivate it by the labour of their tenants or sub jects, who raise sufficient for their own support, but have scarcely any iMrplus. It does not, as in most other countries, come to the several markets in small parcels. As wheat particularly can scarcely be there considered an article of fi►od, it would scarcely ever find purchasers among the inhabitants of the countries in which it is grown, if it were brought to the weekly or other mar kets in their own towns. It is almost exclusively an article fur foreign consumption. The whole of the internal commerce of Poland is in the hands of the Jews, who are very numerous, comprehending nearly one seventh of the whole population, ►uid not being engaged in culti vation, nor inhabiting villages, forming the majority in mo.•t of the market towns. They are acute, temperate, economical, rather active than industrious, and are said to be possessors of the far larger proportion of the floating capital of the country. Almost every transaction passes through their hands, and few persons can either buy or sell, borrow or lend, without the aid of some indivi duals of that race. Though not allowed by the late to call them selves brokers or factors, they are effectually such to the whole of the nation. They are accused of nourishing a most implacable hatred to wards all other people, and of deeming it uo moral crime to deceive and cheat Christians. Whatever of truth there may be in these charges, these supposed feelings of the Jews, are met on the part of the majority of the other inhabitants, by a degree of contempt and degrading treatment, of the most aggravating na ture ; a treatment so remote from what is exercised towards that people in England, Germany, France and Holland, that it may have perhaps maiulX contributed to form the character which they are accused of bearing. It will not appear surprising, on referring to the changes that Poland' has undergoney.—the ravages she has suffered (rain wars,— the demands for the personal services of her proprietors in the armies, of the successive masters that have ruled the 'country,— the exclusion from all foreign trade, and, till of late, the total ab sence of all manufactories,—thut there should be now great indi vidual distress, even whilst the country, as a whole, may be ad.. vancing in prosperity. • The individuals who most suffer are thelanded proprietors, and they have, with a few exceptions, became dependent, in a greater or less degree, on the more monied Jews. There is every reason to believe, that few landed proprietors are wholly free from incumbrances, and that many of theM are involved to such an extent, that they are compelled to deliver to their creditors the whole surplus prodnee of their estates, as soon cs it can be prepared for removal. The Jews, by their universal connexion with others of their nation in distant places, have far better opportunities of what prices they are likely to obtain for corn, than the gentlemen who raise it ; and the latter, fro m t h e i r situation, must take that 1111 the price which their creditors may determine. warehouses well corn, at the places whence it is most con- Vistula there . .. are many vatelantrezi;tihtfoeurbeat;nrike°eiagr(krv'f preserving The are generally removed from the farms of the proprietors as speedily us possible, and remain there iu the power of the creditor, who either allows far it a sti➢ulated When the cargo arrives at Dantsic or Ming, all but the grown surface is thrown on the land, spread abroad, exposed to the sun and air, and frequently turned over till any slight moisture that it may have imbibed, is dried. If a shower of rain falls, as well as during the night, the heaps of wheat on the shore arc thrown to gether, in the form of the steep roof of a house, that the rain may run off, and are covered with a linen cloth. It is thus frequently a long time after the wheat has reached Dantzic, before it is fit to be placed in the warehouse. The warehouses are very well adapted for storing_corm They' consist, generally, of seven stories, three of which are in the roof. 'the floors are about nine feet asunder. Each of thenfare divided by perpendicular 'partitions, the whole length, about four feet high, by which different parcels are kept distinct froth each other. Thus the floors bare two divisions, each of them capable of storing from I ti() to 200 qttarters of wheat, and leaving sufficient epee for turn ing or wreening it. There are abundance of windows in each fluor, which are always thrown open, in dry weather, to ventilate the corn. It is usually turned over three times a week. The meu who perform the operation, throw it with their 'shovels as high as they can, and thus the grains are separatedirom wit other, and exposed to the drying influence of the air. - The whole of - the corn warehouses now left (for many were burnt during the siege of 1814), are capable of storing 500,000 quarters of wheat, supposing the parcels to be large enough to fill each of the two divisions of the floors, with a separate heap; but as, of late years, it has come down from Poland in smaller parcels than formerly, and of more various qualities, which Must of ne cessity be kept distinct, the present stock of about 280,000 quar ters is found to occupy nearly the whole of those' warehouses, which ate in repair, or are advantageously situated for loading the ships. Ships are loaded by gangs of porters with great dispatch, who will complete a cargo of SOO quarters in about Fusee or four hours. It is seen by Table, No. 19, in the Aypendif; that within , the last five or six years the whole quantity that h4usbeen brought down has been diminishing ; but I was told that , tin sensible de crease had been observed in the number of the separeti bulks, only that each bulk, or the growth of each estate, or of welt consignor, was smaller. worse pers none n foa s ::::h i :ev o h l:t e eei b lfhrt n soi The trade in wheat from Poland and Priortia, thro gh.Dantric, is said to have been attended with most ruinotha leitae ► i to all the the expenses of cultivation, and that it hai been regularly getting engaged c since h e The Jews, who have taken the crops from the growers, have found the decline of the prices such, that if they sold on their ar rival at Dantzie, it was attended with loss; and if they were in t► condition to withhold from selling, and placed it in warehouses, the loss was eventually much greater. The trade of Dantzic, eyyeaienarsrith.ladBlTByh.ieeldgredovwu it;jaes:etrtt:dcotvheart which is chiefly confined to corn, has been for several years in a distressed state. The commodity in which the traders have dealt, has of late so vastly declined in value, that what was-purchased cheap at one period, became in a short time dear ; the advances they made on what was consigned to them for vale, With the ex. pence of conveyance, and of storing and preserving, 'eon amount ed to snore than the value of the wheat ; and the consigners, in Poland, seldom united the ability and the disposition to make pay thetas to indemnify them. The corn now in the warehouses has cost the merchants muck• more than the present value. The loyal Bank of Prussia, whick has branches in the different titles of the kingdom, has advanced, on the security of the wheat now in store, half of what was the value at the time the several advances were midi, and as the price has declined, has required additional security. In calculating the stocks of wheat in the several ports of eke Baltic, as I did not visit the whole of them, I was under the ne- . cesaity of relying on the accounts that I could procure. • His Ma jesty's Consuls offered their assistance, and furnished me with the following list, vouching for their accuracy to the best of their judg ment. • Mr. Leutze, the thusul of Stettin, gives ebe following as the stocks in Pomerania Stettin Andam Demmin Stralsund Grietawald Wolgast 24,266 Quarters 10,696 4,799 -- 16,495 -- 6,691 -- 6,289 -- 67,103 Mr. Gibi.on, Conant of Dantzie, to whom I am obliged firs' inch Other nvefol information, gave me the ezfet qu"l tit Y at antoie and IlEng; viz. Dantzie • Ming 288,000 Quarters. 7:1,50 0 501,6 0 0 • ... ° By an account taken the :3104(W . Dt :4 " ---- Ber ' 1825' since re eeivetl, the atoek appeared to he 4 lnnit 20,000 quarteralers that.; when 1 was there. (TO SIX CONTIVUED.)