The Sun. — London, England, 1864-09-20 00:00:00

)J.;AR Docrart, wriai do you advise P V - a dvise Alfred Mellon's Conce r t s , a ft erwar d s t o ANS', C ovent-garden, hear some charming singing, ord er 43 e: . their ca , ital cho:.. - s and me - ignificait potatoes, and that the be s t advice I can give you.. 141, WHISKY v. COGNAC BRANDY. T his celebrated Old IRI3II WHISKY rivals the finest BENCH BRANDY, It i 3 Pure, Mild, Mellow, Delicious, and very Wholesome. Sold in Bottles, zip 38. Bd., at the Retail Houses in Londo n; by e Agents i n the prinal towns in England; or wholesale 8, GREAT WINDMILL -STREET, LONDON, W. Observe the Red Seal, Pink Label, and Cork branded Kinahan's LL Whisky." r nE ROYAL INSURANCE COMPANY, 29, Lo:nbard-street, London; and Royal Insurance-buildings, Liverpool. At the Annual Meeting, otithe sth inst., the following* were Toe cf the ita , ling results disclosed in the Report to the ia7eholders. The Pre FIRE BRANCH. miums of the year 1863 reached the sum of £341,664 eine: an advance of 40,977 -er 1 862; an amount of increase exceeding that of any pre ous year. The Revenu from Fire Premiums has been en hanced in four years by the large sum of £113,353 The Duty paid to G overnmen t i n 186 2 was Ditto ditto, 1863 88,966 Showing an Increase in one year of Among the incidents which have tended to the advance snt of the Royal within the last few months mar be reckoned a tion with respect to the losses sustained by the explo- In of th Lotty Sleigh, which although on y con latent with e general tenor of the conduct of the Company, and ulti- It elY Proved to be no more than what had been done in Cor er times by the o'dest and most proverbially honourable long its contemporaries, yet attracted attention and public your t by its unhesitating* promptoess he largest tot ,1 of Revenue and the largest ran, of 0g es have been a tt a i ne d i n th e present year, so i t Poens that the largest Profit which it has ever 'alien to the rectors to record has likewis" on this occasion to be an unced. The balance of net profiP on the year has amounted £33,515 • of which sum .£31,1C0 only has been appropriated Dividend and Bonus, and the large balan.e of .£49,111 been cried to Reserve. LIFE BRANCH. peepsogress of the Life Branch, as shown by the N ew ns transacted in tke last year, is most promising, and advances made, year by year, in the amount of New In rancee effected, sh ,w clearly the estimation in which the rapany is held. The following is a statement for the last e years : et Sum Assured on New Policies after deducting Guarantees. Net Premiums. 1859 " £431,470 11 10 1860 1861 1862 1863 rhis rapid growth, amounting to 73 per cent. on the Sum sured, and upwards of 80 per cent. on th e P rem i um re ved in the course of five years, may justly be considered as 'ger then any which could have been reasonably excected. e first half of the current year 1864, however, far outsti ips ratio of increase indicated by the figures just quoted, as BUM assured for that period of six months only actually needs Half-a-Mil ion sterling. the rate of mortality, likewise, still presents highly favour le features, and augurs well for the result to be shown by B quinquennial investigation, which is to take place when B present year is concluded. PERCY M DOVE, Manaer and ry. JOHN B. JOHNSTON, Secretary in Actua London. kngust, 1864. Ili. RMY CONTRACTS. TENDERS will be received at this Office until 12 dock noon, on the 29th of September, from persons who 'y be willing* to enter into Contracts to supply FORAGE AND PAILLASSE STRAW, f !liell quantities as may be required , for the use of her lesty's Lana Forces stationed in the following places, Ira Ist November, 1.61, to 31st October, 1865 : LONDON DISTRICT. 11rde FORAGE, Guards. Park, Kensington, Regent's Park, and Hor s e Hounslow, and Timelier Hall. ITarnnton (:ourt. Wind sor, zirighton. Enfield Sandhurst. Bro P AILLASSE STRAW. mpt on IT, use, Knightsbridge and Magazine Barracks, ueg _ Hyde Park ; and Kensington. ent's New Barr acks, Park, Chedlsea an St.hn John's Wood Barracks. . W ellingto n Th e Tower., and St. G eorge ' s Barracks. H l ow, and K ne ll er Hall. onnsanriton Win dsor. Court B o ruiegr n h T e n ; . Jersey Alderney, 3eparate Tenders must be made for Forage and Paillasse raw for each of tie a bove - mentioned Stations or Barracks y grouped and numbered. sepa rate clne of Tender, and Conditions of Contract. may be ob• ned on application at this Office, by letter addressed to the 510 r Commiss,triat Officer, or in person, between the hours 10 and 4o'clock ~, . fen , luers on the printed 'forms must be properly filled up ' 4 ~g ned, and no Tender will be noticed unle.s delivered at under-mentioned Office, under closed envelope (marked the outside, ~ Tender for Commissariat Supplies"), before o'clock noon on the 29th September. . Deputy Commissary-GeneraPs Office. , Ne-street, Spring-gardens, London, S.W., sth September, 18c4. ;OHO ESTATE, HOUSE, AND GENERAL BUSINESS AGENCY OFFICES. —Persons requiring eehold or Leasehold Property, or havinc. Business and ) [ l lB eB to be dispose I of, should apply to Mr. CIIARLES "ArY, Auctioneer and Valuer, 26, Gerrard-street, ho Iv . Valuations for Probate Administration, Fire Claims, Rail -1 Compensations, &c. Rents Collected. TINTAG E WINE COMPANY, Importers of Spanish and other Wines, 14, Bloomsbury-sti eet, London, Pour Doors South of New Oxford -street. Le Vintage Coda Sherry, Golden le Vintage Xeres Ditto, Pale ' e Vintage Port, N. 1 2os. le Vintage Port, No. 1* 245. le Vintage Port, No. 5, fine rich old le Vintage Claret .... le Vintage Beaujolais recommended'; 165. ~ re Vintage Champagne, quarts ke Virii , pints -15 s. le AT . 8, ,e llock, sparkling, very choice 36s. ~ ,_ Vinta ge Burgundy, sparkling superb 4os. 9, le ge East India Sherry s4s. ~ [DUO montillado, the choicest imported 565. , , I'll Pine old Cognac. Liquors, Spirits, to.. ,„_ VINTAGE A.LMANACK, with price list and ".u„al and clerical testimonials , sent post free. See 30) lilluns of the press. - Bloonl'ulu y - atreet. W. N. HODGES, Secretary, it 1 Z E ME D A L.—INTERNATIONAL F E XHIBITION, 1882. RANCIS TUCKER Jr CO., Wax Chandlers, &0., &0., To the Queen and the Prince of Wales. The J urors' (Established 1720.) stlnes to th e e Report on Wax and Church Candles, in 1882. tuutactur_. Xeellence of the quality of Messrs. Tuckers' & dist" ' --nguished Dignitary, in a letter addressed to Francis ircker and Co., on the subject of 4X CANDLES with PLATTED WICKS, "I have says : . eta,,, e found them fully equal to the recommendation t 3 a u gave them, and can sincerely, in my turn, _I com 4 t al to the clergy tor the use of the altar." •d e l: c l ua litY, with latted Wicks patented.. Is. 2d. per lb. -ary, quality ' .. 75. od. per lb. •• •• .• •• RGETA.BLE CINDLES with a Mixture of Wax. ~,St Clnality ' ' ~ Is. sd. per lb. .', 3 nci quality .• •• • '• • . .. Is. 3d. per lb. "ird quali ty ' .. •• • • " •.; .. Is. Id. per lb. "age paid in London on Orders of Five Pounds in value. FRANCIS TUCKER AND CO., ' SeUth Rolton-street, Grosvenor-square. Manufactory— le largest Establishmis eat in (Established England f0r 1730) the Manufacture of Wax Candles for the use of the Altar ?RICE'S BED•ROON1 CANDLES . CANDLES, which will not drop 1 ,, erease when carried."—Thin, very hard candles, criers, le. and 3s, eich, are recommendel as the best " EXTRA HARD 5.12 CHAMBER CANDLES," , boxes 2s. each. Thicker candles intended for those , Will not burn thin. " SHERWOOD ECONOMIC BED LIGHTS," Packets of 36 candles for one shilling, intended for use lere on t c heapness is a y great object, will b e f ound an improve- Itlt he ord, they gutter less. i Decial candle ticks candles to fit thin e candles, is. and 2s. 6d teach; iucing sockets, making them fit any candlesticks, 2d. each. T SOAPS. She'wooi Brown Wi n dsor soap, with a pleasant scent. Belmont Glycerine Soap, contains Price's Glycerine. •rnphor and Glycerine Soap, fo tender skins in winter. GLYCERINE. SIiERWOODOLE 'Price's Glycerine" maybe Cleans gloves and removes 4 from any Chemist, in grease and other steins. usUled bottles, lettered Perfumed, in capsuled bot -I'rie2's Patent," from 6d. tles, fid, and is. each. I,v ards. Impure Glycerine IN been sold en the state ents that it is " equal t o iee, h olesale by Retail thronA Pti , l9 s Patent Lond, 11 any Grocer. Candle Company:(lAmited), lon. T H.—Mr. ESKELL'S PATENT,—The siteue,X cl usive right to this Patent was secured to Mr. ety , s b°_t . G rosvenor-street, Grosvenor-square, by her Ma ts resi -!;_!-!) , al -eal (July 17, 1860), and can only be procured at t'iti on 2e, where specimens maybe seen, and every infor last a s'°!! UT obtained. Under this Patent, Artificial Teeth, ein4letime, are made, and fitted in a few hours without iacie‘-'; extractions. They support loose teeth, and protect ct. al T i l n l B; their resemblance to nature is perfect and un rtiewatie. and they are guaranteed for masticati en and onsulta 'll. Treatise on the subject sent for seven stamps. tions free. • _ OPLNIONS OF THE PRESS. Istifil,../Lid:Fikell, dental-surgeon, has succeeded in producing 14.,;',1.41 teeth, and so constructing them that they last their nci',Z lifetime. . . The process has been'patenteci, , ig4:olniss to be most valuable."—Court Journal, August ~4 en : 1 the p„,r,tr.;11,141' ove Ity in the adaptation of artificial teeth e rteer"t Dy a patented principle, which secures the most ~9,,combined wish the greatest ease and agreeable t,„auce• '—/Siorning Advertiser, August 9, 1800. ,'eaYed teeth stopped, &c. Terms strictly moderate. roevenor- street, Bond -street. . Ir-:Ro scopE and TELESCOPE com bi ned, 4 hat Cl', x liin , introduced, both of wonderful power, in Case, 255. ti.. t‘, TELESCOPES, define 5 tulles, 10s. 6d ; 0 Miles , 414 e, ~o . and for Astronomy, 40s. MICROSCOPES in tlag•pii, o B . , 3 Powers, 10s. 6d., magnifies 15,000 times ; Ditto. 41 ' , e 6ng 3 C,OW, 215., with Animalculm Cage, Life Box, &c. The orapound Achromatic Ditto, power 65,000, 84s. Nt IN. most Powerful Race Glasses, made with sling cases, AGI, 9 -- LAN TERNS and DISSOLVING L ' i tr, er A7.l"WS.—Macric Lanterns and 36 Pic tcres, 7s. 6d.; be s ,._ lze, 10s. 6d. ' Dissolving Apparatus complete, 70s. tbl, Upp er Catalogues for two stamps. Post Orders pay ttuPPer Baker -street. ILNARD DAVIS, 410, EUSTON-ROAD, LONDON. Optician to the Institutions. S i 1-"-------------- )13/4te T A CL E S.—Lenses ground on a new hciple, requng less than halt the usual agnifying terne'ortlare nt h Which the smallest print may bee ad to ex ,,,,, (Prom the "Medical Circular," N0v.16, 1859.) ;I:e17:111tve seen Mr. Davib's improved FTectacles, and by Bteel ~„ he Most defective vision may be improved." 43, 6,1., irrames and Pebbles, 10s. 6d. and 7s. 6d. Glasses, I° ' 43. °CI ' , 80 . 01 Ccquitry relidento suited DJ otAtiug - • T - 4ortf, - N°. 22,540. THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 20, 1864. MRS. HOWITT'S NEW NOVEL. Now real) , at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., THE COST OF CAERGWYN. By MARY HOWITT. Hurst and Blaekett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. .2-T , : - .1.746 6 1 1: • • t - . - \ . ._ ..,- .: . -... ~: ' . , - 1.413 ,31 '4: , ' • t!'. IP ti ,'?,•:.1. 4- * -s1 ..? ? 4,,, - '-'-'7-.. '.•-•-_ :A" ' -''''' : - , 0- 4-1T:" : 44 #•,„ 1 , ''. ; .7.: - , .., 0-7..; - -- • 4:2 , t 5 ~ ..., 4. ';174.•;;. :; 4''k' 1 L:: :',37, 1';' , '5 :, ,' . 4. , z . -,..,.... -,..N. • ..-.., -0-.,,,, , _ . 4t4.444,414.:, • itc. '4 , 4 ,,r A Allit z :! - . ;, , k ' .... ;; - 1: , /v - 4:704Yi11• ,47/c::-5..rillilefriter.." -. ..0 : R0T.'7 k. '4 ' 57 .1.‘ ": 17 C, --' =:--- . ,itm - ~ ...., ' ' ti• - . • . 4 ‘ 4 , , .•_> ' 410r0F. , - - . r.a. ~.. .:, , ..,,. r -4., ~..,'.. 41111111110111 , A -, .. 6-'. r. . 4 - , ii, . :,!. , Of 6 -'•.---- ''' . . .. 6 4..!6 6.6 6 I " . ` ''''' s''''''& 7: -. 141, , ''' • f st., x . . ; 3 ,, "I'''',,'-' wiz -~~~ ~. Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols , ONANH E I R. "It is areal satis;action now-a-days to meet with a novel in which incident is used as a vehi:le of emotion, not as an expedient to conceal or excuse a total absence of character. The author of ' Son and Heir' may fairly congratulate ner elf on achieved a legitimate success."—Saturday Review. Hurst and Blaekett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Now Ready, in Crown evo., F OOTPRINTS ON THE ROAD. By CHARLES KENT. Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. On the 26th inst., in 3 vols., post Bvo., THE WILMOT FAMILY. A NOVEL. By the Author of "Life in Tu - e Iny," Richard Bent ey, New Burlington-street. Cheap Edition, this day, price 25. complete. BREAKFAST IN BED. By GEORGE AUGUSTUS SALA. London : John Maxwell and Co., 123, Fleet-street. This day, in two vols., at all Libraries, HISTORIC BYEWAY S. By Sir C. F. LASCELLES WRAXALL, Bart., Author of " Caroline Ma Contents :—Lady Diplomatists—A Prince in Search of a Wife—Mr Carlyle's last Pet -A Tragedy in Waxwork The English Nobility—Learning on the Tramp--The first Voyage round the World —Baying at Soldiers—The Reign of Madame de Pompadour—Palace Tales—Old Times in Russia—Frede rick the Great and Catherine IL—Frederick the Great and Voltaire—The Domestic Life of Frederick the Great—Was Wallenstein Guilty ?—Secret Societies—A Royal Whim. London : John Maxwell and Co., 122, Fleet-street. This day, at all Libraries, in 2 volts , ECCENTRIC PERSONAGES. By WILLIAM RUSSELL, LL.D. John Maxwell and Co., Publishers, 122, Fleet-street. NEW BOYS' BOOK, EDITED BY SIB, C. P. LASCELLES WRAXALL, BART. This day published, I e 65., with Illustrations on toned paper, crown Bvo., pp. 4 s 2, extra cloth, gilt lettered, H E BACKWOODSMAN. 1. Edited by Sir C. F. LASCELLPS WRAXALL, Bart. London: John Maxwell and Co., 122, Fleet-street. PARLIAMENTARY DESPATCH AND AGENCY OFFICE, No. 5, Upper Charles-street, Parliament-street. AN A NALYTICAL INDEX to the DIVISIONS of the present SESSION (1864) is in course of compila tion by Mr. GEO. M. MITCHELL, and will be ready for circu lation at the prorogation of Parliament. Th*s work will show members and ttair constituents how each member voted, whether for or against public and private measures during the session; total number of times, with majorities for and against, &c. Subscription, One Guinea. Members can have their Divisions for the whole Parlia ment in extenso upon application to the above office. ZADKIEL'S ALMANAC for 1865. The 35th yearly edition of Fifty-five Thousand, cmtains Im portant Events predicted. Also "The True Causes of an Eclipse of the Sun," and "Another Nut for the Astronomers to Urack," Also " Cosmogony," and other Interesting Papers. London: Geo. Berger, Newcastle-street, Strand; of whom also may be had Vols. I. and 11. of "The Hand-book of Astrology." JULLIEN'S CONCERTS.-HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.—THIS EVENING. Vocalist, Mdlle. Liebhardt ; Pianiste, Mdlle. Harlot De Ileauvoisin ; Cornet. Signor Lulgint; Violin, M. Lotto. Full Band of One Hundred Performers. Conductor, M. JULLIEN. The Danish National Vocal's 'a and the Band of the Danish Guards will appear immediately on their arrival. Promenade, ls. TAE WIZARD OF THE NORTH.— g-THIS EVENING at 8 o'clock- Sixteenth Appearance cf Miss Anderson, the Second-Sighted Sybil. Secure your stalls and tickets at Mr Austin's Ticket Office, 28, Piccadilly. Open gaily from Ten till Five. " THE WORLD OF MAGIC." ANTHROPOGLOSSOS.—ST.JAMES'S Ii AL 1, Piccadilly.—Great Success !—Extraordinary .Excitement. - The ANTHROPOGLOSSOS, Automaton Vocalist, Wonder of the World. [Registered according to Acts 1843 and 1850, 6 and 7 Vie., c, 65, 13 and 14 Vic., e. 1(4, and copyright secured an I entered at Stationer's Hall.] OPEN DAILY, from 12 till 10 o'clock. The Exhibitions take place at the commer cement of each hour, viz., 12, 1,2, 3,4, 5,6, 7. 8, and 9 o'clock. Admission, One Shilling. Tickets at Mr. Austin's office, St. James's HAI, 2tt, Pieca di ly, W. MR. GERMAN REED'S New OPERA di CAMERA ENTERTAIN M ENT.—TO-NIGIIT, at Eight o'clock, THE SLEEPING QUEEN, by M. W. lialfe, Esq., the libretto by 11. Farnie, Esq., and sustained by Miss D'Este Finlay: on, Mr. Whiffin, Mr. Wilkinson, and Miss Poole. To be followed by TOO MANY COOKS, adapted from M. Offenbach by Mr. German Reed, the libretto by C. }'urtado, Esq., and in which 31t , i; D'Este Finlayson, Mr. Wlnfiln, and Mr. J. A. Shaw will appear. ROYAL GAL LERY of ILLUSTRATION, 14, Regent-street. Every evening (except Sat rday), at 8. Saturday morning, at 3. Unreserved seats, is., 25,; stalls, 35.; stall chairs, 55., can nc.w be secured at the Gallery without fee. rrilo i'ERSONS SEEKING LANDED TOWN AND COUNTRY RvSIDENCES. FREEHOLD AND LEASEHOLD INVESTALS.INTS, AND PROPER PIES GENERALLY- To BE HAD GRATIS, at the principal Railway Bookstalls throughout the kingdom, or at the Auction and Estate Offices, No. 67, Chancery-lane, London, Messrs. E. and 11. Lumley's "FREE PROPERTY REGISTER," containing a varied selection of landed and house properties now in the market, from the nobleman's mansion, with its manorial domain, to the cottage with its few acres, OWNERS OF PROFERTIF.S wishing to Sell or Let can em brace the opportunity that the medium of this Register affords, by sending the particu!ars of their properties to the Estate Offices, 67, Chancery-lane, London, as the Messrs. Lumley can in most cases introduce immediate customers, where the property is of an eligible oharaAer, thereby avoid ing the disadvantages of delay and its attendant incon veniences. THERE IS NO CHARGE incurred, unless a tenant or pur cnaser is introduced through Messrs. Lumley's Agency, add then only the usual moderate commission. Auction and Land Offices, 67, Chancery-lane, London. ENURNITURE, CARPETS, BEDDING, and FLOORCLOTH, CARRIAGE-FREE to any house in the kingdom, regardless of amount or distance. First. class goods at second-class prices. Terms peculiarly liberal to Clergymen and Gentlemen. An immense stock to select from, displayed in Showrcoms occupying an acre of ground. Every article warranted. IiGYMEN and GENTLEMEN ABOUT TO FUR NISH are respectfully informed that Messrs. Cobbett and are publishing an entirely New Edition of their un equalled HOUSE FURNISHING GUIDE, illustrated by4lo adm -able engravings of every description of Furniture and riedsteads, with prices attached. A copy sent gi atis and post-free on application. This costly work also contains complete estimates for furnishing on the following revised sutle A Six-roomed Parsonage £74 3 0 An Eight-roomed ditto A Ten-roomed ditto ........ A Twelve-roomed ditto 391 11 0 Together with a Price List of purified Bedding, and a mass of valnable informationto all requiring househ 31d furniture, carpets, or bedding. References kindly permitted to Clergy men and gentlemen in or near Great Malvern, Southampton, Chichester, Bury, Ely, Preston, Grimsby, Hyde, Plymouth, Wells, Oxford, Brighton, Gainsborough, Margate. Kidder minster, Wellington, Croydon, Cambridge, Staines, Dorking, St. Aiban's, Worcester, Ipswich, Peterborough, St. David's, Wrexham, and above 500 other places in all parts of Great Brit .a: G. COB SETT and CO., General House Furnishers, Deptf ord bridge, London. S.E. SHORTHAND. -PITMAN'S PHONOGRA PHIC TEACHER. 6d. ; free by post, 7d. SHORTHAND. -PITMAN'S PHONOGRA PHIC MANUAL. Free by post, is. 6d. THE CONFEDERATE STATES. (From the limes' Special Correspondent.) RICHMOND, Aug. 16. It is well remarked by Professor Creasy that" no nation is ever so formidable to its neighbours for a time as one which, after being trained up ;to free institutions, passes suddenly under a despotic ruler. The energy of Democracy survives for a few gene. rations, and to it are superadded the decision ,and certainty which are the attributes of Government concentrated in a single hand and directed by a single mind. Something of this kind has happened in the Southern States. Whenever and wherever in this war success has been largely gained by the South, it has been attributable to the despotic gui dance of Southern policy and strategy by the two most eminent minds of Secessia—President Davis and Gen. Lee, Wherever and whenever in the Southern campaigns " the individual has withered," Southern success has been feeble and indecisive. In the Confederate army of Virginia the eminent moral and intellectual qualities of General Lee have stifled jealousy and silenced criticism. He hasbeen largely successful because he has deservedly been largely a despot. But over the Confederate army of the West no General has ever gained suffi cient sway to disarm intrigue and hush hostile ani madversion. Consequently, the kistoire inedite of the ;Confederate army of Tennessee, or Northern Georgia, reveals to the eye which has strength to pierce behind the curtain a tissue of intrigue, jea lousy, self-seeking, and recrimination, such as has been amply sufficient to account for its want of suc cess in the field. Upon Gen. Lee and his homogo neous followers the wave of Northern aggression in Virginia has dashed as impotently as the German Ocean upon Flamborough Head. Neither the vast numbers of Federal mercenaries who have consecu tively followed M'Clellan, Pope, Burnside, Hooker, or Grant, nor the possession by the Federal gun boats of the many navigable rivers which intersect the eastern coast of Virginia, have availed to make any impression upon the steady defenders of Rich mond, who derive their morale largely from the personal character of their commander. It is doubtful whether since the world began so many lives have been lost in an endeavour to capture any town as have been sacrificed in the repeated but hitherto futile " On's to Richmond" of the Federals. But, on the other hand, much smaller numbers of Federals have sufficed in the West, under circum stances far less favourable to the invading army than those which prevail in Virginia, to win for the Washington Government the State of Tennessee and to overrun one-third of the State of Georgia. Be the termination of Gen. Sherman's irruption into Georgia what it may, it cannot be denied that this war has exhibited no brighter military achievement than the advance of Sherman and nearly 100,000 men over 138 miles, which divide him from his base, and which abound in natural Thermopylmi at every interval of ten miles. It must be remembered how much easier comparatively has been the task of Grant than the task of Sherman. Grant, with an army of about 125,000 men, crossed the Rapidan at the beginning of May. Simultaneously he was as sisted by an army of about 50,000 men under Bute ler, which advanced against Richmond along the James River. During the first two great collisions between Grant and Lee, at the battles of the Wil derness and Spottsylvania Courthouse, the former was reinforced to the extent of about 50,000 men, As he approached Richmond he had the command of all the tide water rivers in Eastern Virginia. He established a fresh base without difficulty on the York River, and a second (from which he now draws his supplies) on the James River. He has never had the last uneasiness as to his communications being cut; he has been able to convey to the front by water siege guns of any weight. Some estimate of the ability with which Lee has conducted the cam paign may be formed from the fact that Grant, with favour,i s s forthe la s t h t a w s o hitherto s all l le t an s in d h h a grown less formidable from week to week and from day to day, until we have got as in no more jeopardy. than London or Edinburgh. Contrast with the facilities possessed by Grant the difficulties and disadvantages surmounted by Sher man. From the time of his leaving Chattanooga, nearly four months ago, he has received , if I am not mistaken, no reinforcements. Ev ery inch of his advance is by land, over a rugged, desolate, and very defensible country, unwatered by navigable rivers, and, therefore, affording no facilities for water carriage. His communications are kept up along the most extended and vulnerable line which has been essayed by any General in this war. Chattanooga (Sherman's base) is further from At lanta than Richmond is from Washington, and yet no army of Federals advancing from Washington against Richmond has ever succeeded in keeping open land communications over half the distance which at this moment separates Sherman from Chattanooga. When I add that Sherman has re ceived no other collateral assistance than what he has derived from an army of Federals in Northern Mississippi (about 18,000 strong, at first under the command of General Sturgis, and now under the command of General Washburne), which army has always been easily held in cheek by about 10,000 Confederates ender General Forrest, your readers will perceive - that Sherman is deserving of high credit far having got so far into Georgia and for having maintained himself there for four months. But there is one material difference between the campaigns of Sherman and Grant which has served to secure success hitherto to the former and to deny it to the latter. There is in the Confederacy but one Robert E. Lee, and but one army thoroughly im pregnated with his spirit. Against General Lee and his army (which has never exceeded 90,000 men all told) the combined forces of Grant and Butler and Hunter, numbering altogether not teas than 250,000 men at the commencement of the campaign, have egregiously failed to prevail. The Confederate army of Tennessee under General Johnston was, at the commencement of the campaign of 1164, not much inferior in numbers to the army under Gene ral Leo. Lee w as opposed, as I h ave sa id, b y 250,000 Federals. Johnston was opposed by not more than half that number. Water facilities abound in Virginia, and were entirely wanting in Georgia. Yet at this moment Washington is in as much peril as Richmond, while Atlanta is being shelled by Sherman. Your readers will gauge by the light of this statement the difference of Lee's and Johnston's capacities, and the difference of material in the two armies with w hi ch they are id en tifi e d. The indications still are th a t in Virginia there will be more fighting hereafter between the Confee derate army under E ar l y i n the V a ll ey an d it s op ponents than betwee n G rant and Lee b e f ore Peters burg. No doubt Grant's tenacity will be abundantly displayed by Lacs clinging to his position at the mouth of the Appomattox in sp i te of the un h ea lthi ne ss of autumn and the possibl e per il of W as hi ng t o n. But it seems probable that Gen. Early, or possibly some other Confederate General of higher rank (such, for instance, as Gen. Anderson, the successor of Gen. Longstreet) will undertake operations which will unfit Grant's clutch upon thnikoat of Petersburg. It is known that Gen. Anderson and many thousands of his men are at this moment on their way to join Gen. Early, or to threaten Washington from another quarter. It is easy to understand that President Lincoln's re-election and Grant's maintenance of his present position are convertible terms. But it is more probable that the Cjefederates in the Valley will triumph over the opponents and strike fresh terror into all hearts in Washington and Pennsyl vania than that Grant and Lee will lie inactively facing each other before Petersburg. Much will depend, as regards the locale of the autumn cam paign in Virginia, upon the battle which now seems imminent between Early and his opponents in the Valley. It is understood that Gen. Sheridan, the cavalry leader vho is most after Gen. Grant's heart, has gone into the Valley to take part in the opera tions of the Federals in that quarter. There is little of interest for any of your renders (except those concerned in blozkade running opera tions) in the recent capture, by Admiral Farragut, of Mobile Bay, There is little likelihood that the town of Mobile will share the fate of Forts Powell and Gaines and fall into the enemy's hands. It has often before been stated that the system of deten. sive redoubts which girdles Mobile is'believed to be so strong as to defy attack. But the harbour of Mobile has been of so little use as a port of entry that its loss to the Confederates in this respect will be hardly felt. _ _ To report that an American July and August are stiflingly, oppressively, exhaustively hot is to utter nothing but a truism. Bat it is worthy of notice that the last 20 days are said to have been un parblteled in heat within the memory of the oldest inhabitant. Night and day the mercury of Fahren heit has touched 90, and has sometimes gone con. siderably above that figure. The effect of the in tense heat is visible in the universal lassitude and pallor which are perceptible in every countenance. Officers and travellers who have lived in Bengal and Madras agree in reporting that they find the Ame rican heat much more oppressive than that of the East Indies. The American houses are ill adapted for excluding heat or cold, and there are no punkahs, The only mitigating circumstance which makes the summer of 1864 more endurable than its predeces sors in Richmond since the commencement of the war is that we have this year an abundance of ice. But the pale shadows which flit along the Lhady sides of Richmond's streets this day, utterly devoid of English rosiness and fleshiness, seem better fitted to reside in the domus exilis Piutonia than to be denizens of the working, toiling, much enduring world in which at this moment their lot is cast. British Association for the Advancement of Science. DR LIVINGSTONE'S LAST SIX. YEARS' TRAVELS IN INDIA. Perhaps no man amongst the many great ones attending the present scientific congress is more eminently popular than the great African traveller and missionary Dr Living stone. The announcement that he would give an account of his travels has accordingly been one of the greatest at tractions of the present meeting. The theatre was conse quently last night crammed, as might be expected, every part of I he house being th ronged with that m i ng l e d assem blage of people of science an d fashion wh i c h has distin guished the present meeting. I n fact, to ease the anticipate d pressure here, announceme n t s were made t h a t the lecture would also be read at the Mi nera l Water H os pital, the seat of the geographical section, a n d t h at Dr L i v i ng stone would be present at the conclusion o f th e reading. Both places of assemblage were densely cr ow d e d . In both assemblies Dr Livingstone was received with most enthusiastic applause, and the thanks moved to him at the close of the lectures was carried with acclamation. The following is the address : ‘t I n order that the remarks I have to offer may be clearly understood, it is necessary to call to mind some things which took place previous to the Zambesi expedition being sent out ; and most of you are no d ou bt aware that pre vious to the discovery of Lak e S egam i a nd the well watered country in which the M akololo dwell, the idea preva iled that a large part of th e i nter i or of Africa was composed of vast sandy deserts into which rivers ran and were lost. In a journey from sea to sea, across the con tinent, somewhat north of the lake first discovered, it was found that there, too, the country was well watered. Large tracts of fertile soil were covered with forest, and occu pied with a considerable popul a ti o n. We had, then, the form of the cont i nen t revealed to be an ele vated pla teau, s omewhat depressed in the centre, with fissures at the sides, by which the rivers escaped to the sea; and this great fact in physical geography can never be referred to without mentioning the remarkable hypothesis by which the distin guished President of the Royal Geographical Society (Sir R. Murchison) clearly delineated it before it was verified nh i do n em t r o e Da. and e b o y u a r c se tu e a o l f otbhseerrivvaetriso.n of lt the wee aplutibtluiedheesdoifn onethe o c f o h un i e t f r a y mous anniversary addresses ; and he was equally happy in his last address in pointing out the ancient geological condition of the interior of this continent, as probably the oldest in the Then world—a fact we, who were on the spot could but dimly guess. But he seems to have the faculty of collecting facts a tt. :te a r way no one else can accomplish. We understand it only e in ek en en s i a n n a d The most interesting discoveries of Lake fol lowed the famous travels of Dr Barth and Francis Gallon. e h v e e h ry as s m ou a r d c e e, a a ll n p d la c i ol n ic in e n h t i r s at s i t n u g df t y h ira e a m t Zanganyika and Victoria Nyanza, of Capt. Burton and Capt. S W ,. _ _ .ee whose sad loss we all now so deeply deplore---and again, of Lakes I Shirwa and Nyassa ; the discoveries o several others; but last of all, the grand di scovery of the main source of the Nile, which every Englishman must feel proud to know , was accomplished by our countrymen Speke and Grant. In all this exploration, the main object in view has not been merely to discover objects of nine days' wonder —to gaze and be gazed at by barbarians—l would not give a fig to discover even a tribe with tails I—but, in proceeding to the west coast to find a path to the. sea, wher e b y l awful commerce might be introduced to aid missionary efforts, I was vary much struck by observing the decided influence of that which is known as Lord Palmerston's policy, existing several hundreds of miles from the ocean. I found piracy had been abolished, and that the slave trade had been so far suppressed as to be spoken of as a thing of the past; that lawful commerce had increased from £20,000 in ivory and gold dust to between two and three millions —one million of which was in palm oil—to our own country ; that over twenty missions had been established, with schools in which 12,000 pupils were taught; that life and property were secure on the coast, and comparative peace established in large portions of the interior; and all this was at a time when, from reading the speeches of well-informed gentle men at home, I had come to the conclusion that our cruisers had dune nothing but aggravate the evils of the slave trade. Well, not finding what I wished by geing to the west coast, I came down the Zambesi to the east coast, and there I found the country sealed up. The same efforts had been made by our cruisers hore as on the west coast, but in con sequence of foreigners Ming debarred from entering the country, neither traders nor missionaries had established themselves. The trade was only in a little ivory and gold dust and slaves, just ao it was on the west coast before Lord Palmerston's policy came into operation. It seemed to me, therefore, that as the Portuguese Government professed it self willing to aid in opening the country, and we had a large river, the Zambesi, which being full when I first de scended, it seemed a famous inlet to the higher lands and interior generally. I knew the natives to be almost all fond of trading, and, when away from the influence.of the slave .., trade, friendly mad mild ; the oil fertile, and cotton and ether products widely cultivated. It therefore appeared to me that if I could open this region to lawful commerce, I should supplement the efforts of our cruisers in the same way as has been done by traders and missionaries on the west coast, and perform a good service to Africa and to England. To accomplish this was the main object of the Z ambesi expedi tion, and in speaking of what was done, it is to be under stcod that Dr Kirk, Mr Livingstone, and others, composed it ; and when I speak in the plural number I mean them and wish to bear testimony to the zeal and untiring energy with which my companions worked. They were never daunted by difficulties nor dangers nor hard fare, and, were their services required in any other capacity, might be re lied on to perform their duty. The first discovery we made was a navigable entrance to the Zambesi, about a degree west of the Quillimane river, which has always been repre sented as the mouth of the Zambesi, in order as some main tained, that the men of war might be induced to watch the false mouth, while slaves were quietly shipped from the real mouth. This mistake has lately been propagated in a map by the Colonial Minister of Portugal. On ascending Zam besi, we found that the Portuguese authorities, to wh , ne their Government had kindly commended us, had nearly all fled down to the sea-coast, and the country was in the hands of the natives, many of whom, by their brands, we saw had been slaves. As they were all quite friendly with us, we proceeded to our work, and ascended the river in a little steamer, which, having been made of steel plates, a material never before tried, and with an engine and boiler, the sweepings of some shop, very soon failed us. Indeed, the common canoes of the country passed us with ease, and the people in them looked back, wondering what this puffing, asthmatic thing could mean. The crocodiles thought it was a land animal swimming, and rushed at it in hopes of having a feast. The river, for the first 300 miles, is from half a mile to three miles wide. During half the year the water is abundant and deep ; during the other half, or the dry season, it is very shallow ; but, with pro perly-constructed vessels, much might be made of it during the whole of the ordinary years. We proceeded as soon as we could to the rapids above Zette, our intention having originally been to go up as far as 1 the Great Victoria Falls, and do what we could with the Makololo, but our steamer could not steam a four-knot cur • rent. We then turned off to an affluent of the Zambesi, which flows into it about 100 miles from the sea ; it is called the Shire, and, as far as we know, was never explored by any European before. It flows in a valley about 200 miles lung and 20 broad. Ranges of hills shut in the landscape on both sides, while the river itself winds excessively among marshes; in one of these we counted 800 elephants, all in sight at one time. The population was very large, crowds of natives, armed with bows and poisoned arrows, lined the banks, and seemed disposed to resent any injury that might be inflicted. Bat by care and civility we gave them no occasion for commencing hostilities, though they were once just on the point of discharging their arrows. On a second visit they were more friendly, and the women and children appeared. We had so far gained their confidence that we left the steamer at Murchison's Cataract, Dr Kirk and I proceeding on foot to the N.N.E,, discovered Lake Shirwa. The lake is not large ; it is said to have no outlet, and this is probably the case, for its water is brackish ; it abounds in fish, hippopotami, and leeches. The scenery around is very beautiful, the mountains on the east rising to a height of 8,000 or 9,000 feet. We were now among Manganja, a people who had not been visited by Europeans, and as I am often asked what sort of folk these savages are, 1 may answer they were as low as any we ever met, except bushmen, yet they all cultivated the soil for their sustenance. They raise large quantities of maize or Indian corn, and other grain, which grows in a stalk 10 or 12 feet high, with grain very much like the hempseed given to canaries, and called by the Arabs dura (thelcus gorg kum); another kind of grain (tennisetum); several kinds of beans, pumpkins, and melons ; cucumbers, from the seeds of which a fine oil is extracted ; cassava, from which our tapioca is made; ground nuts, which yield an oil fit for cooking; castor oil, with which they anoint their bodies; and tobacco and Indian hemp for smoking. The labour in the fields seemed to be performed by the whole family, men, women, and children being seen in the fields together. Each family had a patch of cotton, just as our forefathers had each a patch of land, and this cotton was spun and woven by the men, while the women malted and ground the corn and made the beer. Near many of the village furnaces were erected for smelting iron from the ore, and excellent hoes were made very cheap. All were eager traders, and very few were hunters, so they can scarcely be called savages, though without a doubt they were degraded enough. Their life hes always appeared to me to be one of fear. They may be attacked by other tribes and sold into slavery ; and the idea this brings is, that they will be taken away, fattened, and eaten by the whites. Tho slave trader calls them beasts and savages, and they believe the slave traders to be cant. bale. They also live in fear of witchcraft, and suspected persons are frequently compelled to drink the ordeal water, which is just about as sensible a means of detecting witches as our former mode of ducking in a pond. If the suspected person vomits, she is innocent; if not, guilty; and yet we laugh heartily at our forefathers believing that the woman who sank in the pond was innocent, and guilty if she swam —just as monomaniacs do with their illusions. Cultivating large tracts of land for grain, a favourite way of using the produce is to convert it into beer. It is not very intoxi cating, but when they consume large quentities they do become a little elevated. When a family brews a large quantity, the friends and neighbours are invited to drink, and bring their hoes with them. They let off the excite menkin merrily hoeing their friend's field. At other times they consume large quantities for the same object as our regular topers at home. We entered one village and found the people all tipsy together, On seeing us, the men tried to induce the women to run away, but the ladies, too, were, as we mildly put it, " a little overcome," and laughed at the idea of their running. The village doctor arranged matters by bringing a large pot of the liquid, with the intention of reducing us to the general level. Well,the people generally, if we except the coast tribes, are very mu c h lik e th ese, with out the drunkenness. Wherever the tzetze exists the people possesses no cattle, as this insect proves f a t a l t o an domestic animals except the goat, man, and donkey. Its bite does no harm to man nor to the donkey, though one we took through a tzetze distriet did die, probably from over-fatigue. We wade no discovery as to the natu re o f t h e curious poison in jected by the insect, nor could we find out where it laid its eggs, Where the slave trade is unknown, the cattle are the only cause of war. The Makololo will trawl a month for the sake of lifting cattle. This is not considered stealing, and when the question is put, why should you lift what does not belong to you, they return the Scotch answer, " Why should these Makalaka, or black fellows, possess cattle, if they can't defend them ?" Having secured the goodwill of the people below and adjacent to Murchison's cataracts, we next proceeded further n or th, an d di scovere d the Shire flow ing in a broad gentle stream out to Lake Nyassa, about 60 miles above the cataracts. The country on each side of the river and lake rises up in what, from below, seem ranges of mountains, but when they have been ascended they turn out to be elevated plateaux, cool and well watered with streams. To show the difference of temperature, we were drinking the water of the Shire at 84 degrees, and by one day's march up the ascent, of between 3,000 and 4,000 feet, we had it at 65 degrees, or 19 degrees lower. It felt as if iced. We had no trouble with the people. No dues were levied, nor fines de manded, though the Manganja were quite independent in their bearing towards us and strikingly different from what they afterwards became. Our operations were confined ehiefly to gaining the friendships o f the different tribes, and induce them what information we cou ld, with a view to them to cultivate cotton for exportation. It has already been mentioned that each family had its own cotton patch ; some of these were of considerable extent ; one field, close to Zedzane Cataract, I lately found to be 630 paces on one side, and the cotton was of excellent quality, not requiring replanting oftener than once in three years, and no fear of injury by frost. After careful examination, I have no hesi tation in le-asserting that we have there one of the finest cotton fields in the world. In remonstrating with the chiefs against selling their people into slavery, they justified th ems elves on the plea that none were sold except crimi nals. The crimes may not always be very great, but I conjecture, from the extreme ugliness of many slaves, that they are the degraded criminal classes ; a nd it is not fair to take the typical negro from among them, any more than it would be to place "Bill Sykes" or some of Punch's garotters as the typical John Bull. For years I had been looking out for the typical negro, and ne ver felt satisfied that I had got him , for m an y of them are the pictures of the old Assyrians ; others , b arrin g colour, which we soon forget, closely resemble acquaintances at home. But Mr. Winwood Read, in his work "Savage Africa," seems to have lighted right on the head of the idea, in saying that no typical negro is seen in the portraits and monuments of the ancient Egyptians. When we had suc ceeded in gaining the goodwill of t he p eo p le which crowded the whole Shire valley, the mission under tho late Bishop Mackenzie came into the country. Dr. Kirk had performed a journey from the Murchison Cataracts across to Zette, a Portuguese village upon the Zambesi. Slave hunters then were sent along Dr. Kirk's route by the sanction ef the pre sent Government, and calling themselves " My children." The scamps I They joined themselves to another tribe called Ajawa, then in the act of migrating from the south-east, and who had been acoustomed to take slaves annually down to Quillimane and. other settlements on the coast. Furnish ing the Ajawa with arms and ammunitiore they found it easy to drive those who were armed only with bows and arrows before them. When Dr Kirk, and Mr Charles Livingstone and I went up to show Bishop Mackenzie on to the high lands, we met a party of these Portuguese slaves coming with 8 i captives bound and led towards Z ette : The head of the party we knew perfectly, he .ving had him in our em ployment in Zette. No force was employed, for even the slaves of the Governor ,knew th.ey were doing I wrong, and fled, leaving the whole of the capt ives in ou r hands. Bishop Mackenzie received them gladly, and in a fertile country, The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (limited). CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster-road, London. GRAND OPTICAL ILLUSIONS. PRINCE BLOSSOM; OR, THE FAIRIES OF THE MAGIC FOUNTAIN AND THE FOREST OF SHADOWS! Prince Blossom, Miss Townley. Also, the New and successful Illusion, entitled THE TERCEN VENARY ; or, a NIGHT WITH. SHAKSPERE. Operatic Selections, Glees, &c., by the whole of the talented Artistes. Comedy by Mr. W. Randall ; Mrs. W. Randall ; and those marvellous Gymnasts, hies rs. 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STAMPED ....sd. with land free, in the course of a year or two might, by training some GO boys to habits of industry have rendered his mission independent as far as native support was con cerned. Having been engaged in the formation of two missions in another part of the country, and having been familiar with tha history of several, I never knew a mission undertaken under more favourable auspices. This would be the opinion of all who have commenced simlar enterprises in other parts, and it was that of the good bishop himself. He was so thoroughly unselfish and of such a genial disposition that he soon gained the confi dence cf the people, and this is the first great step to success. The beat way of treating these degraded people must always be very much that which is pursued in ragged schools. Their bodily wants must be attended to as the basis of all efforts at their elevation, The slave trade is the gigantic evil which meets us at every step in the country. We can not move through any part without meeting captured men and women, bound and sometimes gagged; so no good can be done if this crying evil is not grappled with. The good bishop had some 200 people entirely at his disposal, and would soon hsvo presented to the country an example of a free community supported by its own industry, where fair dealing could be met, which undoubtedly would have created immense influence; for wherever the English name is known it is associated with freedom and fair play. Some seem to take a pleasure in running down their fellow-countrymen, but the longer I live I like them the better. They carry with them some sense of law and justice, and a spirit of kindliness, and were I in difficulty I should prefer going to an Englishman in preference to any other for aid, And as for English women ~-ther do undoubtedly make the best wives, mothers, sisters, and daughters in the world. It is this conviction that makes me, in my desire to see slavery abolished and human happiness promoted, ardently wish to have some of our countrywomen transplanted to a region where they would both give and receive benefit, wb ere every decent Christian Englishman, whether Churchman or Dis senter, learned or unlearned, liberal or bigoted, would cer tainly become a blessing by introducing a better system than that which has prevailed for ages, We conducted Bishop Mackenzie and party up to the highlands, and after spend ing three or four days with them returned, and never had any more connexion with the conduct of that mission. 'We carried a boat past Murchison's Cataracts. By these the river descends, at five different leaps of great beauty, 1,200 feet in a distance of about 40 miles. Above that we have 60 miles of fine deep rivers, flowing placidly out of Lake Agassa. As we sailed into this fine fresh-water lake we were naturally anxious to know its depth-10,12, 20, 30 fathoms —then no bottom with all our line, and John Neil, our sailor, at last pronounced it fit for the Great Eastern to sail in. We touched the bottom in a bay with a line of 100 fathoms, and a mile out could find no bottom at .116 fathoms. It contains plenty of fish, and great numbers of natives. daily engage in catching them with nets, hooks, spears, torches, and poison. The water remains about 72 deg., and the crocodiles having plenty of fish to eat, rarely attack men. It is from 50 to 60 miles broad, and we saw at least 225 miles of its length. As seen from the lake, it seems surrounded by mountains, and from these furious storms come suddenly down and raise high seas, which are dan gerous for a boat, but the native canoes go easily along the surface. The mountains on the west were ascended last year, and found to be only the edges of a great plateau, 3,000 feet above the sea. This is cool, well wa tered, and well peopled with the Manganja and the Maori, some of whom possess cattle; and I have no doubt but that, the first hardships over, and properly housed and fed, Eu ropeans would enjoy life and comfort. This part of Africa Las exactly the same form as Western India at Bombay, only this is a little higher and cooler. Well, having now a fair way into the highlands by means of the Zambesi and Shire, and a navigable course of river and lake of two miles across, by which all the slaves from the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, as well as some from Cuba went, and nearly all the inhabitants of this densely-peopled country actually knowing how to cultivate cotton, it seemed likely that their strong propensity to trade might be easily turned to the advantage of our own country as well as theirs. And here I beg to remark, that on my first journey, my attention not having then been turned to the subject, I noticed only a few cases of its cultivation, but in this I saw much more than I had previously any idea of. The cotton is short in the staple, strong, and like wool in the hand—as good as Up land American. A second kind has been introduced, as is seen in the name being foreign ootton, and a third variety of very superior quality, very long in the fibre, though usually believed to belong to South America, was found right in the middle of the continent, in the country of the Makalolo. A tree of it was 8 in. diameter, like an ordinary apple tree. And all these require replanting not oftener than once in three years. There is no danger of frosts either to injure the crops. No sooner, however,lhad we begun our labours among the Manganja than the African Portuguese, by instigating the Ajawa, with arms and ammunition, to, be paid for in slaves, produced the utmost confusion. Village after village was attacked and burned, for the Manganja, armed only with bows and arrows, could not stand before firearms. The bowman's way of fighting is to be in ambush, and shoot his arrows unawares, while those with guns making a great noise cause the bowmen to run away. The women and children become captives. This process of slave hunting went on for some months, and then a panic seized the Manganja nation. All fled down to the river, only anxious to get that between them and their enemies ; but they had all left their food behind them, and starva tion of thousands ensued. The Shire Valley, where thou sands lived at our first visit, was converted into literally a valley of dry bones. One cannot now walk a mile with out seeing a human skeieton—open a hut in the now de serted villages, and there lie the unburied skeletons. In some I opened there two skeletons, and a little one rolled up in a mat between them. 1 have always hated putting the blame of being based upon any one else, from a conviction that a man ought to succeed in all feasible projects in spite of everybody—and, moreover, not to be understood as casting a slur on the Portuguese in Europe, the Viscount Lavradio, the Viscount de la Bandeira, and others, being as anxious to see the abolition of the slave trade as could be desired. But the evil is done by the assertion in Europe of dominion in Africa, when it is quite well known that they were only a few half-castes the chil dren of Portuguese and black women, who have actually to pay tribute to the pure natives. Were they of the smallest benefit to Portugal? If any one ever made a fortune, and went home to spend it in Lisbon, or if any pleasure what ever could be derived by the Portuguese Government from spending £5,000 annually on needy Governors, who all connive at the slave trade—the thing could be understood. But Portugal gains nothing but a shocking bad name, as the first that began the slave trade, and the last to end it- To us it is a serious matter to see Lord Palmerston's policy, which has been eo eminently successful on the west, so largely neutralised on the east coast. A great nation like ours cannot get rid of the obligations to other mem bers of the great community of nations. The police of the sea must be maintained, and should we send no more cruisers to suppress the slave trade, we would soon be obs liged to send them to suppress piracy, for no traffic en genders lawlessness as does this odious trade. The plan I proposed required a steamer on Lake Nyassa to take up the worry trade, as it is by the aid of that trade that the traffic in slaves is c =led on. The Government sent out a steamer which, though an excellent one, was too deep for the Shire. Another steamer was then built at my own expense; this was all that could be desired, made to unscrew into 24 pieces ; and the Lady Nyassa, or Lady of the Lake, was actually unscrewed and ready for conveyance at the foot of Murchison's Cataracts, when, the people being swept away in the manner I have mentioned, a work was hindered which I confidently believed would have entirely changed the state of the country. It was the steamer Lady of Nyassa that took me across the Indian Ocean, and in it I purpose to try again. Were I young again I would gladly devote my time to the missionary work, but that must be done by younger men, specially educated for it—men will ing to rough it, and yet hold quietly and patiently on. When I become consul, it was with the confident hope that I should be able to stop the slave trade. I do not mean to give up. If being baffled had even made me lose heart, I should never have been here in the position which by your kinds ness I now occupy. I intend to make another attempt, but this time to the north of Portuguese territory, and I feel greatly encouraged by the interest you show, as it cannot be for the person, bat from your sympathy with the cause of human liberty throughout the world. It startles us to see a great nation of our own blood despising the African's claims to humanity, and drifting helplessly into a war about him, and then drifting quite as helplessly into abolition and anti-slavery principles, and leading the Africans to fight. No mighty event like this terrible war ever took place with out teaching terrible lessons. One of these may be that, though " on the side of the oppressor there is power, there be higher than they." With respect to the African, neither drink, nor disease, nor slavery can root him out of the world. I never had any of the prodigious destruction of human life that takes place consequent on the slave hunting till I saw it ; and as this has gone on for centuries, it gives a wonderful idea of the vitality of the nation. THE GREAT FIRE AT WOOLMER FOREST. —The Commissioners of Woods and Forests have issued bills offering a reward of £lOO to any perso n or persons, not being the principal or principals by who m the great planta tion was set on fire on Wednesday, the 17th ult., who shall give such information as shall lead to the conviction of those guilty. The fires still continue burning in the deep peat soil of Longmore Enclosure i n two places, the d e is no probability of their being extinguished until the whole depth of peat is burnt out, or more heavy rains set in and flood the bottoms. The Quebec Daily News of the 7th inst. states that the 20-inch Henry gun recently finished at the Federal Fort Pitt works has been weighed and found to be slightly over 58 tons. /~ ~~ VISPA.PER. le• $ ..-:... -- 4 •:,..' 4 •, - _ , . V 1 'b. 1 44. - Alival 47v ~...... ' -.-, The disembarkation of the Guards from 1r milts! w screw troopship Himalaya took place at Portsmouth ca:: Monday, under the personal supervision and dircati a.: of Col. Shadwell, Assist—Quartermaster-Gon, for the Scu a Western district. The Guards landed from the llimata: a. at the transport jetty, and marched thence, headed by t'.:e drums and fifes playing " The British Grenadiers," to the north end of the dockyard, where some GO carriages, divided into two special trains, were drawn up for their reception on the line of Government railway parallel with the iron fume. dry and convict prison. As the men halted in line with the carriages sections were told off to each carriage, and the men were seated in their places in readiness to co Ji mmie° their journey to Pimlico in an incredibly :lot t time and without the slightest approach to bustl : or confusion. 2 p.m. was the .line fixed by the authorities Lc the second train to leave Portsmouth. Five mit utes be fore that time it was clear of the dockyard boundary, and it passed through the Landport Station' exactly at 2 p.m. The whole of the arrangements and their punctual execu tion reflected great credit on Col. Shad well. Major-Gen. Lord W. Peulet, C. 8., accompanied by his aide-dc-camp, Capt, St. John M. Paulet, rode into the dockyard to wit ness the disembarkation and departure of the Guards, The Warrior, 40, screw iron frigate, Capt. the Hon. A. A. Cochrane, C.B ,Iying at Spithead, on Monday transferred the troops she brought to England from Gibraltar to the shore at Portsmouth in Government steam tenders. This fine ship was only four days and three hours from Plymouth to Gibraltar. In returning she used her canvass freely along the Coast of Portugal, and stood off the land to some distance under the influence of strong N.E. breezes, and the voyage home was therefore a little in excess of the voyage out, but the Warrior has done her work, including the re ceipt of her orders and the final landing of her troops, in less than a fortnight. A contemporary has expressed an opinion that the employment of a ship such as the Warrior on occasional troop service, of the kind she has just so sue ceasfully completed, must necessarily be an expensive mode of carrying on such service. This theory is, however, ens tirely wrong if judged by the results of the Warrior's work. The Warrior brought . 400 military passengers from Gib raltar to England, and the consumption of coal during the voyage out end home could not well represent in hard cash more than one half the sum that would have been paid for the conveyance of the same number of troops from Gib raltar to England in the mail steamers. Irrespective of the economic view of the question, however, it is quite neces sary that the cruisers of our iron-clad squadron should not be confined to channel "groping," and that they should be occasionally sent across the " bay" for a look into the Mediterranean, if only to show what could be done by them should their services at any time be urgently required. When the Warrior was first commissioned there were num bers of people who predicted that if she was sent to sea she must founder in the first gale she met with. She is now ad mitted to be the finest and most weatherly frigate in the British navy. It is but an act of simple justice to the cap tain and officers of the Warrior to state that no ship could well be in a higher state of efficiency than she is at the pre sent time. Documentary evidence at the Admiralty proves the high state of the discipline of her crew, their high pro ficiency in gunnery, and the extraordinary number of trained seamen gunners turned out of hand on board. All this and the general smartness and order of everything on board have been on several . occasions highly eulogised by the Lords of the Admiralty and Commander-in-Chief. Not one of the ship's crew has undergone corporal punishment during the three years and four months the ship has been in eom mission. The Warrior has no defects, and only requires coaling prior to again sailing from Spithead to rejoin the Channel fleet. The Admiralty have, however, no eoa's at Portsmouth at present, and the Warrior, with the Tamar, Victoria, and other vessels, must wait the arrival of expected cargoes. Naval and Military The following memorandum from the Admiralty has been promulgated at Portsmouth dockyard : " Sept. 19, 1864. "Their Lordships have appointed F. Edgar, shipwright's apprentice, J. C. Spencer, J. A. Redbrook, and J. Grainger, engineer students. to be students at the School of Naval Architecture at South Kensington. Further instructions will be sent when the school is ready to receive the stu dents." The 2d company of Royal Engineers, under orders to em bark for the Mauritius, together with the reinforcements of the same corps selected for service at St. Helena and New Zealand, have been furnished with their sea kits at head qttarters, Chatham, and each detachment made up to its full complement, in readiness for embarkation. The companies were inspected on the parade ground at Brompton barracks on Saturday morning, and they will probably embark during the present week. By direction of the Admiralty a survey has been made of a number of the vessels composing the sailing reserve in Chatham harbour, preparatory to their being sold out of the navy, the whole of them, with some few exceptions, being altogether unsuited to the present requirements of the ser vice. There are about 50 vessels of various rates and siz..2s. The greater number belong to the Symonds class of frigates and aloops, which, although considered perfect models of naval architecture a few years ago, are now, for all prac tical purposes, perfectly useless as ships of war. Of the number stated some of the old line of battle and other ships, such as the Ocean, the Renown, the Devonshire, and the Gloucester, are doing good service as receiving, hospital, and coal ships; but the majority, including the Ganges, 84, the Vanguard, 80, the Chichester, 50, and the fine frigates Nankin, 50, Vernon, 50, Southampton, 50, and a vast num ber of sloops end frigates of lesser tonnage, are rotting in the harbour. They impede the navigation, and each ship requires a staff of warrant officers and men to be kept on board for the purpose of looking after the vessel. Several of the squadron of sailing vessels in the Medway have been turned to profitable use by being fitted for training and school ships, and sent to the Thames, Liverpool, Bristol, and many other of the principal ports, and it is deserving of the serious consideration of the Admiralty whether, consi dering that probably not one of the numerous sailing ves sels of war now lying at Chatham will ever again be required for service in warfare, it would not be advisable to utilise all the available vessels of this class for purposes of sea manship connected with the mercantile marine rather than keep them in idleness until they are only fit to be broken up, as it is expected will be found to be the case with the majo rity of those now in the harbour. Her Majesty's steam troopship Fox, Staff Commander Pullen, sailed from Woolwich on Saturday for Spithead, laden with the whole of the machinery appointed for the new despatch vessel Helicon, two of her boilers, and two boilers for the screw corvette Pearl. As the weather was inclined to be stormy, she was expected to bring up for the night under Dungeness or the North Foreland, when Capt. Pullen said he would have a favourable opportunity of putting the resisting power of Capt. Rodgers's new anchor, shipped immediately before his departure, to a first new trial, and would report the result on his return to Woolwich. Her Majesty's s.gnn vessel Landrail was on Saturday masted and rigged down in basin at Woolwich, in prepara tion for recommission. A few months ago a wholesale system of fraud on the part of a recruiting -sergeant of Royal Artillery, named Saunders, was detected by the authorities at Woolwich. The delinquent, who is supposed to have enriched himself to a considerable amount by the success of a cleverly -managed scheme, worked out for several years, broke his arrest, and effected his escape fram the place. The case is still under investigation. Major Hay, the Garrison Brigade-Major, has now attended at the Woolwich Police.court before the sitting magistrate, and exhibited a huge bundle of attesta tion papers upon which the signature of the magistrate was supposed to have been forged. Mr Bousted, the chief clerk and solicitor, after examining the documents, marked nearly the whole as forged, a few only being genuine and three doubtful. The made adopted by Saunders is now for the first time publicly disclosed. In nearly every instance a false return was grafted as it were upon a true one which had been previously used, Two instances will be sufficient to illus trate the system gentleman's son, named John Camp bell, ran away from his home and enlisted in the Royal Artillery, passed the doctor's examination, and was attested: Being discovered by his friends, he was released by purchase. Saunders took the attestation papers, added the words "Lee," making the name John Campbell Lee, and received about 20s for enlistment money, and three or four days' pay to the imaginary recruit. A young man named John Jarvis also enlisted, and is still serving, but his attestation paper was made to do double service by the ad• dition of the word " Watis," and the money was obtained twice. Some of the frauds, however, appear to have been differently carried out. The surgeon's signature has is a few cases been also forged, and it is believed the recruit's also, when he had failed to pass the medical inspection, or had absconded after enlisting, as was frequently the case. A paper has been found bearing the signature as witness of a non-commissioned officer named Morgan, and no sigma.. ture of the recruit himself. This led to the discovery that Morgan, who was employed in the office, had been in the t n t o k : procureoat:lg aand d t thetah th e further raga. lotions,hab i t o f a s n u d p supplying these pape r s progress. The signa ture of recruit. The number of paper: as at th p e res i e n n ci t u a ir s y ce , r ill in tamed to have been forged pt: Sea:use Saunders, to sad to have joined the American vneurmy fugitive b d e i rt difficult ig e t : p aan e n c td t i e s d t es dt t toipopuboseforthcoming, 1f: s t army. RAILWAYS AND BUILDING LAND IN TILE ISLE OF WIGHT. —The opening of the Eastern Section Rail way, from Ryde to Shanklin, which line will EOM be con tinued on to Ventnor and Newport, thus connecting Cowes with Ryde, has given a great impetus to building at all stations. Sandown, a favourite and fast increasing resort on the Isle of Wight coast, owing to its unequalled bathing sands, has greatly increased in houses and population of late years, and now that it has the advantage of a railroad bring ing it in close proximity with Ryde and Newport, the demand for land has recently much increased. The Con servative Land Society has just acquired the Sunnyside estate, within half a mile of the Sandown station. The property is in one of the most picturesque positions, com manding a grand panoramic view of a great part of the in terior of the Isle of Wight, with an uninterrupted frontage to the sea. The Sunnyside estate has two approaches, one at the upper part of Sandown, a short distance from the church, the other on the Shanklin road, adjoining the par sonage grounds, besides a footpath on the cliff. This is the first land acquired in the Isle of Wight by the society, making its 61st estate in 21 counties. The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (limited). T " OXFOR D, 6, OXFORD STREET, W. During this week will be performed, Selections from the following Operas, viz., THE TROVATORE, NABUCO, UN BALLO IN MASCHERA, LA FORZA DEL DESTINO, by Verdi ; and THE TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA, by Sir 11. I ishop. Principal Artistes:—Misses Russell, Tyrr,ll, Walmsley, Fitz-Henry, and Barrie ; Messrs. Marini, Hush, Green M ,rcello, and Albert. Comedy by UNSWORTH, EUGENE, W. Randall, C. Burton, and Mdlle. Cavalho, the celebrated Comedienne and Mimic. Admission—Area, 6d. ; stalls and balcony, Is. ; private boxes, 10s. 6d.