The Sun. — London, England, 1838-08-13 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, AUGUST 13, 1838 COURT OF COMMON COUNCIL. THIS DAY. BONDED CORN.—DISTRESS. A 2, peci:ll Court of Common Council was :ummoned fur to j i: n order to take into consideration the press nt alarming rise in the prise of the prime article of human food, viz., corn. The Court unexpectedly met at eleven o'clock. We undetstood that the Deputy PEACOCK moved that the Court Of Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Common Council, in order to obviate the pest and alarming distress, and to ensure that the poor should be supplied with bread at a rea sonal,le price, should petition both Houses of Parliament to allow the corn now in bond to come into the market free of duty. He did not intend to interfere at all with, or discuss, the question of the Corn Lassa upon that occasion; his only object was to disappoint the speculators, who would grind the faces of the poor, in order to fill their own pockets and af ford the poor a cheap loaf until our own harvest was safely got in. Mr. WILSON seconded the motion. Mr. L. JONES was very sorry that the question had been brought forward at all, as he considered that it was calculated to create much unnecessary alarm. He hoped the Court would give a negative to the motion which had been introduced by the worthy Member, he ( Mr. J.) fully believed with the best intentions, but lie considered that it was too much to call upon the Court to agree to such an alarming resolution without any inquiry, and upon such short notice as must preclude any on the part of the Members. Ile had beard, on the one hand, that there was going to be a very deficient crop, but, on the other hand, he had been informed that the crops generally looked healthy throughout the country—( Hear)—and that there was every prospect that there would be far beyond an average harvest. He thought it would be unwise in the Court to interfere, and therefore he hoped they would agree to some. thing like a resolution which he had hastily drawn up.__ (Cries of " No, no; the previous question.") As it was the general wish of the Court he moved—that they pass to the previous question. Sir P. LAURIE much regretted the short notice which had been given for the consideration of so important a subject. He only received his notice on Saturday night, and they bad met early on Monday for the con sideration of one of the most important and compli cated questions that could come before the Court. At that moment he did not wish to give any opinion upon the question, and therefore he supported the previous question. He had arrived from Oxfordshire where he had been visiting the estates belonging to the hospital only on Saturday night, and li e Could assure the Court that the crops were luxuriant, and in fine condition—so much so that the deputation called the tenantry together and pointing out the good -1111.1 of the crops, and the expectation of a fine harvest, ey asked th e m whether they could not now afford to ` ll ro to the rental which they paid previous to the reduction ,7 18 34, and they at once cheerfully complied. He hoped "ue Court would not then enter into the considerution of the question, for he could assure them that the present rise in Prices was only the result of speculation, and must be tempo rary. He had in his trip been through Northamptonshire and -Buc kinghamshire, and much of the wheat was already cut ti „, ° w ll , and w as h eav y. Another week of fine weather, and `"ell all w ou ld be safe. He could assure them that the farmers throughout the country were delighted, and it would be im- Proper in them to make statements to Parliament, when there w as no time for contradiction—it would only creat alarm. Deputy C OItNEY had b een i n f orme d s i nce h e came i nto They had it upon good authority, thas the crops were good ~4 4 in a f orward state, and he cou ld assure t h e C ourt, that thatPeorotapto crop never was so promising, and the operation of upone tit the Corn market, was greater than many were t a l : cir e of. Hought the Parliament was a little wiser than eCourtcf Common Council—( Alaugh)—and that the question Ou ght,, to be l e f t to t h em. H e t h oug h t i t wou ld b e b etter _ , .aat the question should be withdrawn altogether, so that ;tie public should not t hi n k t h e n a par ce l o f me ddl esome .14° Ilies.—( Loud laughte.) Mr. STEVENS was obliged to withhold his support from t he resolution which had been moved by his Hon. Friend, but,, -he did so upon very different grounds from many in the Court, He for one could never consent that the agricultural interest .should be upheld at the expence of the manufacturing ennununitv• He was oosed to the motion, because if it W as carried' it would appear as if the Court was satisfied to ProVide for th.l moment, at the expense of sacrificing the broad Principle of justlce. The time must soon come for a revision cif the iniquitous Corn Laws—the people generally cried for it, hand it would so on b e f orc ed upon their consideration. Do o t , then let them fritter away the question by such peddling Motions. Mr. PEWTRFSS a reed in all that had fallen from the last striker. The time g was indeezi not far distant when the Corn ws must be ameliorated, if not repealed. He was anxious • Say that there was no ground for stern—he also had lately been in the country, and he could assure the Court that the It :, ° Ps were ab un d an t, an d heavily filled, and in a very forward ;s at e. The pr esen t rise in prices must be temporary, from the e rY cause of it ; and riots', with such fine weather as appeared ' 0 have set in, in a week the harvest would be secured. TopLis briefly supported the previous question. tr „."` 4 Hosr. MEMBER, whose name we did not learn, could not '7„ e ,e, With those who thought the introduction of the question ln ,',7eious. The opinion which had been so unanimously ex- N e sse d by the Court was of itself of some importance.— .ew Hear,) H e He agrieutlturhoped no gentleman present was inclined to uestion in a political light. The labouring and could Lea classes were entitled to all the protection which distress . aff or d ed them when suffering under the pressure of Price , Ho believed, however, that the extraordinarily high tiea w th• ee grain at present b ore was ow i ng to specu l at i on .— to tak r ' and cries of " No.") It was the duty of that Court not he care th at the humbler classes of the metropolis should " reduced to starvation and want, in order that a few ,r hi• grown s p eculators might enormously increase their profits. 4, understood t h at it was the intention of t h e G overnment to 2a s sv bond e d wheat to pass at ls. duty ; and, if that were the p"ti,e it would o b v i ate much of the inconvenience to which the tio 4 n lte was lik e l y to be exposed. He was surprised at the observe natat of some gentlemen that they ought not to interfere in the er. Why, it was their duty to take care of the interests vthe inhai,it ants of that great metropolis, and no one would ~Yt b e necessity of d o i ng so at a ti me when th e qua r tern l o af , trusted S. Although he should vote for the previous question, b O d the important subject brought before them would AT:ll eonsidered by the Court. O th • J ONES said it bad been stated by one Hon. Gentleman %IA e other side ti:at the stock of grain in hand was short (tietact !hat the cr o p was d e fi c i en t.—(" No, n o .") H e b e li eve d as, that there never was a more abundant harvest— 'hear)—and h e h ope d t h e present prosperons appear tli, might continue, He would ask that Court whether Al ie f Bad been required to meet on the present occasion by ty ry i co nstituents? Had any complcints been addressed to NO by the labouring or industrious classes of the metropolis ? tai t i i a nd as allusion had been made to the pressure from tt et s: , tlt, he hoped that in the absence of that pressure—in tens;tt4l absen ce o f an y i n ti ma ti on to th a t eff e ct from their :sol or il ents—the Court would pause before it passed the re ah„„".," now before it. Under these impressions, although he lie i". ii `t be at all times ready to come forward when it appeared I, oi um that the interests of the community required it, r t ,, e ' i ng that the present proposition was premature and quey°Per. he should vote for the previous question.—( Hear.) e r .' Wtsrwooo doubted very much whether the present on had anything to do with the Corn Laws. He be -I:'•ed the present high arose from the extensive specu tic," • e, prices vi certain " rogues in grain "—( A laugh)—who t end " upon the necessities of their fellow-men. He con ed that there must be some pressure from without, other 101:leti:rehepoaorris.tocracy would never be induced to do anything ,„ al • Ps:aeocx. replied. It had been asserted that he had e " .. ,tne there as the rppresentative of persons connected with the 6.1 n trade. He denied that such was the fact.—( Hear, hear. ) the contrary, one gentlemn who was large a ly connected 'WI th e tra d e had advised m a thi o let the matter lone, and he wa, .the Interference or assistance of that Court. There was a great 'quantity of corn lying in the warehouses, and it appeared to him a dvisable that it should be taken out and brought to market. If tho Court decided otherwise, he would be quite satisfied With their decision. He had done his duty in bringing the question before them, and let them now decide as they thought best, for the interests of the public at large. The resolution was then put by the Lotto Mayon, and ne t atived by a large majority of the members present. The Court then adjourned. TIIE QUANTITY OF FOREIGN CORN IN BOND (k JULY 5r11, According to a return just published by the House of klinuns, was 894,800 qrs. ; and of Meal and Flour 120,937 cwt. Of t his there are 578,123 qrs. of Wheat, and 110,803 cwt. of Wheat, 24e aT. and Flour. , lio.t, INTELLIGENCE —Worcester, August 10.— heheav: storms we had th e l a tt er en d of last week and the beginning of this have much washed the bine, and given a freshness to the plant, blou arid the l ess b lighted grounds are now pretty generally coming into ' a 'and th e b urr i n some of the early yards appears more healthy than .. ro , AV 41 she loni bad state of th e weather we could have supposed. We ' e a (Mal of the plantation that is put down as nothing, though the a ttempt to titrow out fresh shoots is more or less visible, yet we fear „„ e 'eason is too far gone for their recovery, but as the harvest is full "tertnight later than general, we may look forward to a fine September, t'i,4lYet get a smart sprinkling " out of the poles," as it is said they some u‘atrs come. We had a trifling further advance ir. 1837's on Saturday, t he buty fur the kingdom still keeping up, and fine Sussex Hops bein ' ‘. ~ g°O much under our quotations, prevents much demand fur Wor- It-hter's at the advanced prices. The duty, by some persons, is now put aimfrern 7 to 8,000/., but unless a very suitable and early change to weather occurs, it must fall short of that estimate. Present prices !DorB'; cwt.: —Bon qualities, f r o m 6 35. to 705.; fine, 755. to 86 5 . ; c h o i ce, Yearlings, from 50s. to 655. BRISTOL SUGAR-MARKET, AUG. 10.—Our ',.ultar-Inarket has been exceedingly dull this week. Some few lots have ', t int taken by the refiners, less by the grocers, and the total is very in. considerable ; yet, notwithstanding this unequivocal indication, it would Lien difficult to purchase to any extent on terms to enter into free cc mpe. zon with London sugars, on neutral ground.—Bristel Gazette. :', A military correspondent tells us that some differ " to w military etiquette has arisen between Lord Durham and the ,no quartered in Canada. It appears that the Guards refuse to u.Prese,,t arms" to his Excellency, chiming it as one of their privileges "" Present arras to none but members of the Royal ,:t Family, th e Lord enten ant of Ir e l an d , and their own field officers. 'The guards only • c arry a rms' , to Lord Durham, while all the other troops deemed ( of cour se thei r i nferiors by the guards) do honour to her Maje 'ettative by p resenting arms to him—Observer, deemed repr 4 A gunsmi t h o f the little town of Gontand, in the eDar ttnent of Lot.et.Garonne last week murdered his wife and her son, with whom he had l a t e l y been reconciled, after:. lengthened separation, f c4l ion Aed by his susp i cions of his partner's infidelity, Aft er cutting 'ethroats of his victims with a razor, and separating their heads from , lieu ' bodies, the w re t c h ed man retired to a workshop contiguous to the e of his bu tchery, and blew out his own brains with a musket. THE CROPS. YORKSHIRE. —We have no hesitation in stating that, with respect to wheat, there will be decidedly more than ap average crop, admitting, at the same time, that the harvest will be late,—later, perhaps, by two weeks than any preceding years. Nevertheless, the hopes are abundant; the prospect encourag. ing : and a bountiful harvest may he confidently expected. Still, the prospect is by no means cheering, looking at all cir cumstances and all the operations cf this important question. In this district beans are suffering from an attick of the fly ; and the probable injury likely to be sustained, has given oven_ Sion to very extensive speculations on that score. Barley promises more than an average crop. Butundoubtedly a pre mature and unproductive change hase!aten place in the thinner soils. Upon the state of the weather, as we have before re marked, everything now depends, whether as regards the extent of speculations, and the produce of the approaching harvest. At the time we are writing (Thursday night) the state of the weather is cold, cloudy, and cheerless.—Doncaster Gazette. CARLISI.E.-The weather continues extremely unfavourable for the crops. Much hay yet remains unhoused, and grain looks most unpromising. Wheat rose considerably in our mar ket on Saturday last ; and there is every prospect of a still farther advance..Jourim/. DrvoNsmaE.—Harvest has commenced in the vicinity of Christow ; several acres of wheat have been cut in the parishes of Bovey and ilennock, and oats have been cut in many places in the same neighbourhood. The weather this morning has set in warm and sultry —more like the season than any day we have yet had. If it continues fine till Monday, a great deal wheat will be cut.-IVestern Times. SIIREWSBITRY.—Oats and barley are cut in this neighbour. hood. LIVERPOOL —The harvest in this part of the country will be very late, the Corn being at present quite green. There is still a large quantity of hay in the fields. The early potato crops are very poor, especially on heavy,lands, both in quan tity and quality, and we fear the late ones will not be much better, unless we have an immediate change of weather. The accounts of the wheat crops are very contradictory, but the steady rise of the Corn Market shows that there is little ex pectatioh of a full crop amongst. those most interested. Whatever the ultimate productiveness of the harvest may be, there can be no doubt that it will be one of the latest ever known. There is less fruit this year than we ever remember to have seen. There is reason to believe that the ravages of the grub or fly, in this neighbourhood, will be very extensive, unless we have soon a week or two of hot dry weather to harden the grain, and so to prevent the further progress of the mischief.—Mercury. WORCESTER.—A sample of winter chevalier barley in the ear, sown in the first week of November, 1837, and cut on the 3d instant, was shown in our market on Saturday. The corn crops generally speaking are good. Sussex.—Wheat has continued to improve, but not to ripen so fast as was anticipated ; even where its aspect is good and in no wise beaten down by the storms, heavy rains, or strong winds, still promises a very fair crop of corn and straw in this neighbourhood, proportionate with the thinness of the plant on the land, the ears being generally of a good size and weight and as yet free from blight. Oats, barley, peas, and beans have been greatly improved by a succession of genial showers, and are free of their accustomed enemy, the dol phin. The clover hay (what little there was) has been well housed, the second crop promising to be much heavier. SAelsere v.—We regret to hear that the red-gum prevails to so great an extent amongst the wheat in some parts of this neighbourhood, that a gentleman at Chilmark, on examining an ear of corn, found 26 out of 32 grains deficient from this cause in a single ear ! and that the large proportion of 11 out of 13 ears examined were similarly injured. The fine waving fields of grain which gladdened the eye a few days back, around this city, have been laid to a very large extent by the heavy rains which have prevailed. In many cases entire fields of wheat and barley (particularly the latter) are prostrate. It affords us pleasure to add, however, on the authority of expe rienced agriculturists, that no injury to the grain is antici pated, provided the next fortnight affords warm dry weather. The turnip crop is described, on all hands, to give promise of a most abundant and excellent yield. —Salisbury and Wilts Herald. BIRMINGHAM. —The following is an extract from the monthly circular of Messrs. Sturge, the eminent corn dealers of Birmingham :—" Birmingham, Bth month, Bth, 1838. Since the commencement of last month, wheat has advanced here from 6s. to Bs. per quarter, though we have not had a very short supply. There are very general complaints of ex tensive injury to the crop on the ground, from a small yellow maggot in the car, which is so serious in its ravages, that in many ears the produce must be materially reduced. It is a disease which appears to have been nearly unknown before to the oldest of our farmers, and extends, more or less, to the whole of the south-western counties. We hear of it so far north as Lancashire, and also in some parts of Ireland. Se veral of the eastern counties appear to have escaped ; and should the weather prove tolerably fine the next month, we expect the crop in that part of the king dom will prove fully an average one. In Scotland and the North of England the wheat is not in a suffi cient state of forwardness for any accurate opinion of the pro bable produce, and much will depend upon the weather. It is now universally admitted, that the stocks of free wheat have not heel' so nearly exhausted for many years; as, although there is no certain means of ascertaining what remains in the hands of the farmers—the present high prices, and the cer tainty that in a few weeks all the foreign under lock will be liberated at a low duty, creates a general disposition to sell all they have before the new comes to market. The prices of wheat in most of the Baltic ports have risen with equal rapidity to our own; but those in the Mediterranean and Black Sea, by the late advises, will afford a considerable margin for profit. We think the breadth of land under wheat in this part of the country is much greater than usual ; but how far this will com pensate fur the deficiency in the produce, per acre, we are un anle to form an opinion. The barley crop is spoken of very favourably ; and, if the weather admits, a portion will be cut in our early districts in the course of next week." M A NCHESTER. —We have received the reports of the Liver pcol and Wakefield msrkets of yesterday, both of which ex hibit a considerable advance in the price of wheat, as corn- P ared with the rates of the previous market days, and thus show the opinions of the dealers as to the prospects for the comingr fair Giu l l t r eld dhlYL WALES.—The at Coubridge on Tuesday last was : h s a . r_ve T s t h . a most capital one—the best that the farmers have witnessed for a great many yeas. Stock sold at least 30 per cent. higher than was expected. The weather has been very un favourable for the hay harvest, and we are concerned to find that sevtral farmers have been obliged to open their moos, in consequence of carrying too hastily.—Cambrian. VALE OF LUNE.—A summer of singular wetness still "drags its slow length along." A great deal of rain has fallen every day since our last, and the hay harvest has been entirely at a stand still. Large quantities yet remain to be housed, with no prospect at present of line weather. Much will be lost, or considerably damaged and discoloured. The grain crops are backward, owing to the abundance of rain. We have heard that the potatoe crop is a failure in Cumberland, where the weather has not been quite so unfavourable as here.—Lan. caster Guardian. KIRKBY LONSDALE.—The hay season in this neighbourhood progresses very slowly, continued rains having fallen for the last three weeks. Never, in the memory of the oldest inha bitant, was there so little hay housed at this time. The grain crops begin to look very ill. Great breadths of oats on high situations will be mown for feed for the cattle, it b e i ng cer t a i n that they will never make any grain this season, not having shot into ear yet.— Guardian. KENDAL.--The weather for the last fortnight or three weeks has been such as almost to prevent the housing of any hay ; and vast quantities are now 13 out in a spoiled or rapidly spoiling condition. Fears are now also beginning to possess the farmers for the safety of the grain crops, and dealers have this week advt.need the prices of flour and meal, the former 3d. and the latter 4d. per stone, making flou: 3s. Bd. and oatmeal 2s. (A.—Mercury. Scort.AND.—We regret to state that the weather still con tinues very unfavourable fir the prospects of the farmer. It has rained, more or less, every day this week ; and some of the showers being unusually heavy, we are afraid that the corn in many places must be greatly kid. Even if the weather should speedily improve, as we fervently hope it may,- all kind of crops will be unusually late; and it seems to be generally feared that the harvest will be rather under average. The crops continue to look well ; and the only fear that seems to be entertained is, that, from the harvest being a little later than usual, which it is now generally admitted will be the case, some accidents may occur to prevent its being gathered in safety.—Edinburgh Courant. IRELAND..--The reports of the appearance of the crops in the West of Ireland are much more satisfactory than could have been expected, considering the lateness of the spring, and the partial failure of the potato crop. The wheat and oats, if not injned by the present heavy rains, will be a full emp— tily straw of the latter rather short. The potatoes, notwith standing the blight, which was principally confined to the middle sowing, the early and late ones having escaped, will yield more than an average return. flay and flax, however, will be a short crop; the former, on the high grounds, is very poor, while on the low lands it has been in many district s in jured by the floods, and is still uncut ; the latter has not been sown in the usual quantities, and, generally speaking, is look ing very badly. Should the present rainy weather be suc ceeded by a few weeks of sunshine, an abundant harvest may be calculated on. RISE IN THE PRICE OF CORN. ( From the Scotsman.) The constantly dripping weather, and the prospect of a late harvest, render the state of the corn market a subject of serious i nterest . It will have been observed that within the last two months there has been a. considerable rise in the price of wheat. The average which regulates importation was 535. 3d. in the end of December last ; and is apw 87s. Bd., a rise of nearly 30 per cent. When the average rises to 73a. the duty sinks to Is., and at intermediate prices the duty is as tbllows -- 6Ss. and under 69a., 16s. Bd. duty: 695. and under 703., 13s. Bd. ; 70s. and under 715., 10s. Bd. ; 71s. and under 725., 63. Bd. ; 723. and under 735., 2s. Bd. ; 735., is. The price is still rising ; for while the last six weeks' ave. rage was 675. Bd., the weekly average was 695. Id. The stock of foreign grain in the country will be seen from the following return, just published Quantities remaining in warehouse in tkp Pnited Kingdoin on July 5, 1838: Wheat, 578,123 quarters; Colonial, 5,114; Barley, 26,083 ; Oats, 238,635.; Rye, 5,322 ; Pease, 20,844 ; BeaEs, 17,714 ; Indian Corn, 1,987 ; Colonial, 805 ; Buckwheat, 173. — Total of Grain, 894,800. Wheat-meal and Flour, 110,803 cwt. ; Colonial, 9,713; Oatria4l, gf).—Total of Meal and Flour, 120,936 cwt. According to Mr. M'Culloch's computation, the atock of foreign wheat in the warehouse should 13..: equal to than two weeks' consumption. But a se trcity of one kind of grain creates an increased demand for the others, and the effect on the price of wheat may perhaps be more correctly estimated from the stock of all kinds of grain on hand. This, including meal and flour, is about 920,000 quarters, which, according to the same authority, is equal only to about six days' consumption. This is but a small provision aga 7 nst a scarcity, and the case is still worse if the scarcity is acco:npa nied by a late harvest. On 'barley and oats, however, the change is not great. The six weeks' average for barley at the end of December was 29. i. 81., and is now 3 ls. 7d. Far oats it was 20s. 10d. at the former period, and is now 225. !Xi. But on the 27th of July last year the six weeks' average for oats was 2/s. 7d, for barley 28s. sd. , If the, dripping weather centinues it is probable that wheat all soon reach 735., and then the whole stock in b o nd w ill come into the market. In the course of three or four weeks the result of the continental harvest will be known; if it is' favourabl e prices will fall, and importation will go on briskly. TO THE EDITORof THE MORNING CHRONICLE. Sir—The Lord Mayor has this day intimated that he will summon a Court of Common Council to consider the pro priety of petitioning Parliament to release, free of duty, the bonded wheat. You are aware that, unlike the old law, the present consti tutes the ports at all times open, on payment of a fluctuating duty ;at present the duty is I fs. Bd. per quarter, and will doubtless, in four or five weeks, fall to the nominal point of Is. per quarter. - - AL the present moment the stocks of free wheat are much reduced : on an average there are about three millions of quar ters; now they are estimated at not mere than one milli on , which, with about 600,000 quarters in bond, and 400,000 quarters on the way from the Continent, will be doubtless ample until the growing crop be available. The country is undoubtedly in a most critical position at this moment. With favourable weather the growing crop, - already partially injured, could not exceed a moderate average; it may, therefore, be considered as certain, that in this, the best case, we may next July, after having consumed the above-stated 1,000,000 quarters foreign wheat, have no more free wheat in the country than at present, and, from the most deplorable condition of the wheat crops in Prussia and Poland, much less wheat from abroad. This prospect is some what discouraging ; but let us suppose the weather is to render the crops very defective, why then inevitably, unless economy be timously employed, this country will be reduced to a condi tion of extreme want. The object of this letter is to inculcate " economy." High prices alone can produce " economy." I submit, therefore, to the Court of Common Council my opinion that prices - should be allowed to rise in their natural course. I feel perfectly certain that low prices just now, by encouraging consumption, might reduce Britain in 1839 t o a con di t i on of extreme want. I am, Sir, respectfully, City, Saturday, Aug. 18. PHILOS. COMPARISON OF FOREIGN GRAIN WITH THE ENGLISH MARKET. The highest quotation of white wheat of the first quality at Hamburgh is 160 rixdollars current the last,. which answers to 495. 2d. the quarter, and the highest quotation of red wheat of the first quality is 150 rixdollars current the last, which answers to 455. Id. the quarter, and therefore the mean price at Hamburgh of white and red wheat together is 475. 2d. the quarter. The highest quotation of white wheat of the first quality in London is 78s. the quarter, and the highest quota tion of red wheat of the first quality is 745. the quarter, and therefore the mean price in London of white and red wheat together is 765. the quarter. It appears, therefore, that wheat is 61+ per cent. dearer in London than at Hamburgh, and that with the sum of 3/. 16s. a man may buy 12i bushels of wheat at Hamburgh, whereas with the same sum he can buy only 8 bushels in London. The highest quotation of Zealand white wheat of the first quality at Amsterdam is 310 florins the last, which equals 50s. the quarter, and the mean price of wheat in London being 765. the quarter, it follows that wheat is 52 per cent. dearer in London than at Amsterdam. The highest quotation of white wheat of the first quality at Berlin is 2 rixdollars 24 groschen the sheffel, which equals 455. 10d. the quarter, and the highest quotation of white wheat of the first quality in London being 78s. the quarter, the difference is 704 per cent. that wheat is dearer in London than in Berlin. , The highest quotation of red wheat of the first quality at Antwerp is i 1 florins current the hectolitre, which is equiva lent to 483. 10d. the quarter, and the highest quotations of red wheat in London being'74s. the quarter, it follows that wheat is per cent, dearer in London than at Antwerp. The highest quotation of red wheat of the first quality at Stettin is 65 dollars the wispel of 24 scheffels, whi...h answers to 445. 3d. the quarter, and the highest quotation of red wheat of the first quality in London being 745. the quarter, it follows that wheat is 671 per cent. dearer in London that at Stettin, and that with the sum of 31. 149. a man may buy lag bushels of wheat at Stettin, whereas with the same sum he can buy only 8 bushels in London. The mean average of the prices of wheat of the first quality at Hamburgh, Amsterdam, Berlin, Antwerp and Stettin, ►s 475. 3d. the quarter, and the mean price of wheat of the first quality in London being 745. the quarter, the difference is 60i per cent, that the mean price of London exceeds the mean price of the five above-mentioned places. The present duty on the importation of foreign wheat into England is 169. Bd. the quarter, which is equal to the fol lowing rates :—To a rate of 35/. 6s. 9d. per cent on the prime cost of wheat at Hamhurgh ; to a rate of 331. 6s. Bd. per cent. on the prime cost of wheat at Amsterdam ; to a rate of 361. 7s. 3d. per cent on the prime cost of wheat at Berlin ; to a rate of 341. 2s. 7d. per cent on the prime cost of wheat at Antwerp; to a rate of 371. I3s. 4d. per cent. on the prime cost of wheat at Stettin ; and to a rate of 351. ss. 6d. per cent. on the mean price of the five above-mentioned places. THE STARVATION SYSTEM.—The average price of wheat at the commencement of the year 1836 was thirty.six shil lings a quarter. The average price of wheat in the present month of August, 1838, is seventy-two-shillings a quarter. Thus the price of bread has doubled in the last two years-and-a-hall: These are facts —official facts, about which there can be no dispute. In the mean time, during this same two years-and.a.hall, from one cause or other, trade in some of its most important branches has occasionally been brought to a stand-still; wages have been lowered, th ousan d s of the people have been reduced to a state bordering on starv a ti on; and from the Queen upon the Throne to the keeper of the ch an dl er ' s shop, subscriptions have been drawn, to provide wherewith t o supply the absolutely destitute portion of the population with a morselof bread. While things have been thus diverging from their natural position, Lord John Russell, the Liberal Secretary of State, has declared that the landed interest ought to predominate in the House of Commons, and the Tory Marquis of Chandos says that the same landed interest is now enjoying repose (which means doing very well), and ought not to be disturbed even by the sound of a mill grinding foreign corn. Coventry Herald. TIIE WEATHER.—We regret to state that there have been heavy rains almost every day since our last publication, and that the farmers begin to dread the consequences of such a tract of wet weather, unaccompanied by drying winds. The nights are generally wet, and the days close and sultry, with frequent showers. The river Ness is at present higher than we ever saw it at the same period of the year, owing to the constant rains in the western districts above Loch Ness.—lnverness Courier. The Journal de Cherbourg mentions the death of a young man in that town, who stood seven feet two inches and three quarters high. JOHN BAGSHAW, ESQ.—On Monday last, the 30th ult., nearly one hundred of the friends and supporters of John Bagshaw, Esq., late representative and candidate for the borough of Sudbury, dined at the Swan Inn; Colonel Thomas Fenn Addison, of Chilton Lodge, in the chair. • A MAD MINISTERIALIST.—A person named M`Donald was last week charged at Queen -square Police-office with having created a disturbance near the House of Lords. He soon con. vinced the Magistrate, from the incoherent manner in which he spoke, that he was decidedly insane, and was, therefore, consigned to the Han. well Lunatic Asylum. Among other delusions he stated that it was through his interest that the present Ministry got into office, al. though he did not like them so well now, because they were becoming too Radical FORESTALLING.-On Friday last, several retailers of vegetables in Truro Market were brought before the Mayor and Captain Kempe on the charge of forestalling, a practice which has re. cently been carried on so systematically as very seriously to increase the price of commodities, and was therefore loudly complained of by the in. habitants of the town. The Mayor, in order to caution persons a*inst thus transgressing the law, had caused hand bills to be posted about the town describing the nature of the offence and the consequent penalties, and had given the necessary orders to the police to be on the alert to detect such as were suspected. ABSCONDED.—We stated some time ago that a manufacturer in Paisley had absconded, leaving behind him some unad justed and irregular bills. It appearyliat he had shipped in the Sirius for New York, and after remaining a fortnight there had returned by same vessel to Europe, with an intention of conveying some members of his family to America. Having landed at Cork he was conveyed, wi th other passengers, to Dublin, and took a passage thence in the Arab for the Clyde He landed at Renfrew, but, as fate would have it, he seas in the course of a few hours thereafter apprehended, and at the sam e time learned that the members of his family whom he had come to tae out had left Paisley for New York two or three days before. After being some time in custody, he by some means or other, obtained his liberty, and it was sometime supposed that he was once more on his way across the Atlantic. Some fatality, however, attended all his steps. Next time he was heard of was as a passenger in female attire, on his way to Edinburgh, in the night-boat of Friday week. His disguise wa s discovered, and he was on the following morning apprehended. Som e old documents in his possession afforded a clue to the discovery of h is identity; and the authorities in Paisley having been written to, a 7Si o h l e lo r w itl i: s g o a ff ir e i e v r o w , a y s 4 d h is h p i at p el r i i ed son f e o r r , bun h on . %bVeeednnepsudtayi,ntaondcoonn:the erfideanyt until the circumstances which lea bim to pbscopel arp Ayr Observer. An ostrich died lately in the Zoological Gar dens, at Manchester, in consequence of some foolish pproll 'l aving given It a halfpeuny to test its fabulous powers pf digestiiin. On Friday morning, about ten o'clock, Mr. M Brookery, fishmonger, of Lumber-court, Seven Dials, in walking along Long-acre, was suddenly observed to stagger, and, before any could afford him as s i s t ance, h e fell. A considerable quantity of WO issupq from his mouth an d nose. He was conveyed tq spFgean's in the neighbourtiooil, IV4II it was aspectiiiner.l that he had t ) relreir a blood. vessel, and front thence to his residence, where li e at present roams in a very precarious s t ate , person The Bath Society for the Encouragement of the Fine Arts has opened a school of design and life academy at their rooms in Quick-street. —Bath Gazelle. The number of works, in all languages, that have Issued from the French press during the first seven months of the present year, is :3,763. PO E:4, one the f cramped-up cabs, the proprietor, i with the view of preventing people de stroying the cushions, has affixed the following notice Pray stretch your feet • • Under the seat.' THE TWELFTH.--From all that we can learn, the grouse en the southern moors of Scotland, are more plentiful and in a fprv, - ,- t r4 state than could have been anticipated, (rpm the character of the season.— Glasgow 41igus. THE << SOULT 'AND WELLINGTON " SUN." The spirited proprietor of this Journal has achieved an exploit which confers lustre on the Newspaper Press, in the publication of two magnificent profile likenesses of the Duke of Wellington and Marshal Soult. The execution of these, when the means by which they are produced is taken into consideration (being printed in the ordinary manner, in the columns of a newspaper), is little short of wonderful. They arc, indeed, so , immeasurably 'beyond the usual style of newspaper illustrations, that we consider them no leis worthy of preservation for their intrinsiernerit, than as marking the extraordinary progress of the noble art of printing at the present day.—Salisbury and Wills Herald. CHEAP ENGRAVINGS, AND THEIR EFFECTS, ( y.off. the Phmouth Journal, ) We feel much pleasure in calling the attention of our readers, to the great advance which has lately been made in the art of engraving, by which pictures of sterling merit are being placed within the reach of every class of the people, and as we look forward to the results of the highest conse quence to the commercial interests, and to the intellectual and moral improvement of our country, we shall point out some of the most strikinr , features of the present st a t e o f the art. We should guard at the outset against any inference, that we think the best works of modern gravers superior in excellence to those of their predecessors. Raffael, Morghen, and Woollet have never been surpassed in the higher schools, and some of the old etchings are worth all our Annual engravings as works of art. It is to the mere extended the aristocracy of ait (if we ma y be a ll owe d th e expres sion)apilicatiCin of the burin that we now allud e , b y w hi c h has been broken down, and the people at large provided with a boundless supply from her richest trea sures, ancient and modern. It is but a very few years since good engravings were to be met with only in the portfolios of the wealthy, and the study of the artist ; those which came within the reach of the people, and especially those provided for the use of children, were (almost without exception) the merest trash, and when we reflect upon the immense influence which this must necessarily exercise upon a manufacturing people having to contend with foreigners eminently skilful in design, we shall perceive the deep interest which attaches to the effarts at present being made so successfully to disseminate the means of forming and cultivating a higher and purer taste among our artizans and manufacturers. One of the most power.. ful of childish impulses is that of imitation, and as almost every child has more or less an inclination to draw (witness the rude attempts upon the schoolboy's copy book and slate, and the scrawls upon every village wall in the kingdom), the earliest subjects can be placed within his reach, which shall embrace correct design and good execution, the greater the probability tl.at if his employments in life call for the exercise of this art, he will exhibit the practical advantage which this early acquaintance with good drawing cannot fail to bestow. The children of the presentday, age, and the people, too, hake advantages in this respect to which our forefathers were utter strangers. The illustrations of even the cheapest, publications noes, would have been considered gems of art, and twenty times the price would they have given for one of them. Look at the Penny Magazine, and other periodicals of the same class pouring out a continual stream of engravings, well and boldly executed, from designs of the highest excellence, and embracing every variety of subject, natural history, archi tecture, natural philosophy, mechanics, and even copies of the best and most elaborate pictures, the designs of Raffael and Michael Angelo, and many of the finest pieces of sculpture. These are executed from wood engravings, that is they are printed from metal plates, which are cast from en gravings on wood, end it is this combinhtion of wood and metal which enables the printer, assisted by his gigantic steam power, to throw off limitless impres , by their excellency and vast number, find tdtf i w aa • ic e llmiee l an l iail:t a ne, s add: t .fi o mialei t neel h dndh e ;hhaaa people,ss b,been mons, whi c h their way alike to the mansion of the wealthy and the cot toohipi.sei nil g iem r d e e a fi t o, sr e e l t i si a lee n l g .pv e irco l efi i a tta s ob b ml cot tage of the labourer. We need hardly to say that to art, as en c e e a e mployment n ) 1 , p o l highly f oy o m u r e b m n e t n o c o s i t t v h a e s i t n i c m re p a r s o e v d em su t p ii p t ly in has pu p b ro li d e uc t e a d ste an t i o n o c . r easTeo d illustrate even a child's book now, the publisher finds it expe dient to employ real talent—a good or bad frontispiece has now an important influence on the sale of a book —and many of the woodcuts in our p resent nursery books are really ex quisite bits of engraving, and as a child who has an inclination to draw, will copy anything that comes within his reach, he may now have copies worthy of any student, even in his school books—seethe new edition of " Spelling Book." The engravings so frequently issued by our newspapers now, is ano ther sign of the times, showing how strongly public favour is attracted by pictor;al illustration; an extraordinary instance of this was shown the other day by The Sun London Evening Paper, which on the Occasion of the Coronation printed one side of their paper in gold letters, and gave also a beautifully executed medallion of the Queen, engraved in the new medallic style, which is one of the most curious of modern inventions— (many of our readers must . be familiar with Collas's splendid " Tresor Numismatique," which by the mere effect of light and shade in the engraving, gives an exact representation of a raised figure). The demand for this number of The Sun, both in town and country, has been immense ; the. crowd round the office on publication days being so great as to render it dan gerous to attempt an entrance ; we understand that 20,000 copies were sent to America a few days ago, in the Royal IVil liarn steamer. A great deal has been said about the engravings which illustrate our Annuals, as an indisputable proof of the superiority of English engravers ; we have; a word or two on this h, ad of exception as well as praise, beautiful they un doubtedly are, but whether they have promoted correct and elevated taste for art, it is a matter which we think worse than doubtful ; they have too much of the arawing-room and ton li tt l e of the studio about them, and latterly they have degenerated into very questionable things. So long as t h e y r really p ictures they were of goo d were elaborate miniatu r es o rnaments, but when we see them descending to very pretty.. mere ex hibitions of the female form, beautiful indeed, b u t t oo often presen tie , a very meretricious kind of beauty, we f ee l „ that good taste and sound morals are alike violated by thi s garish and delusive application of art. Ann ua l s h ave h a d succeeded b • of hope to see themy something their day; we more solid excellence. LORD DURHAM AND THE CANADA, TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. The late debates in the House of Lords on Lord Brougham's Canada Declaratory Bill, has induced me to solicit the inser tion of a few remarks on the administration of Lord Durham, as Governor - i n-Chief of th e Canadas, and as I have been a resi dent in that col on y for th e last twenty-four years(during which period I never connectvd myself w i t h any po li t i cal party), I hope the presenz statement may not be alto ge th er unaccept able. For a series om years past every successive Governor of Canada has approoched his arduous dutieswitheat fears f o r t h e s uccess of his undertaking , which has generally in his own mortification and disappointment. The h eterminated task re cently assigned to the Earl of Durham, was considered, at the time he undertook it, so peculiarly difficult, that larger discre tionary power was sanctioned by the British Legislature than previous Governors had been clothed with, the critical position of affairs in the colon y re q uirin g a de p arture from no ordinaryli mitations, without, whic h L o r d Durham would,doubt, not have accepted the appointment. What was the stat e o f C anada on his Lordship's arrival in the count ry ? Two p ties of the mos t, a pp arentl y , irreconcilabl e hatred toward s 4,4erh other—the Loyalists (exulting in having put do s oured by the losses sustained fulrimpteltliforinunew:snitththhee; but several avocations, and the privations And ?gi n - Q' oc t or their Colony rt ha e d ile u ig n: that the severest dergone in defending their hones to Great Britain) expected nothing is discontent e d, in d, pena l t i es would be inflicted on those wbu had been open acts o f treason and rebellion ; whilst th e temsel ves f rom h mor tified at being frustrated in their attempts to accomplish t h e ir long projected scheme of separating British dominion ( for which p roceedin g there existed no j ust cau se), manifested an malevolente t qu e a fi ll r y st atcithis Lordship fee li ng ds to the B r i t i s h gi res idents. What was h rival in Canada, to issue a Proclamation, in which he his ar he stated the expediency of app o i n ting for his Council in the Government, P ersons who not could —in any way be supposed to ho governed by party feeling, the entire responsibility of whose acts he would assume. What followed this proceeding? An ord . nanco, by which the • ' persons in prison for open b ll• I. re e ion and high treason, and those implicated in had fled the PrQvinee, and who the same offences who to the laws which they had g considered their lives forfeited banished, and an o er.ded, have been temporarily who should give amnestysecurity declared to all the other offenders Who are the partiesity for . their future good conduct. resorted to by 1 .tora Durham eipaii.. y interested in the measures lity to the Colony ? for restoring order and tranquil- Durham succeeded in Assuredly the Colonists, How has L or , ' gaining ti • submit an extract from this object? ln reply, I bob -‘ g to the letter of a highly sole, -- libe ral and impartial resptcr. cotrespondent. 6' We have been in Mbhireal, July 8, 1838. a gro-i to the arrival of E 1 - ' bustle for a few days past, owing I refer y ou tcl t.4 _ . ar Durham and his family among us. doing, and am Papers for particulars of what he has been with the most happy to say that he was much pleased 004 enthusiastic vl4cier reception he met with. From this fortu natecountry, and am &tending, I augur incalculable benefit to the by the English, convinced that seeing himself well supported hQ will :: e as he undoubtedly will be in every useful mea sure,rt himself zealously for the real welfare of the eountry. you pledge will see his reply to our Address, which is a of the s upport of the good cause, and I trust that we are now on the holds a Le, eve of happier days ! To-morrow the Earl vv bi o b I sha Vel which will be numerously attended, and at Make a point of attending. 1 was at the present ment of the Lordship. Address,v which is the only time I have seen his Nelson, Bouchette and others who, by a salu tary ordinance ' of the Governor, have been banished to Ber muda, are, lhea-, in good spirits at the act of mercy extended towards ,them, as well they ineau Dr. R. NeT may be. Pap , .- son, Cote and others, who fled to the United States are not to be permitted to return—indeed, I do not think the three first could in safety to themselves appear again in Canada—those of the Loyalists who have suffered most by the rebellion would have wished them more severely dealt with, but what has been done seems to I Oly. Hi, T 4 -" lave Illet With the sanotion of the p ublic g ene- " • ctrdshiP proceeds immediaiely after the Levee to Upper Canada but , returns again to Montreal, where I liope he will remain some time." How will these hopes be dashed when Lord Brougham's Declaratory Bill, and the names of its supporters are known and in Canada, what will be the natural result? The Loyalists will be disgusted, and Ole Revolutionists (who, before Lord auth a w s arrival, openly declared that the British Government s afraid to •' puntslt the prisoners for treason) take fresh coo rage to begin again —which, although Lord Brougham ha g promised, on the occurrence of such an event, to take the re sponsibility, will be of little avail, as the Loyalists will not in such ease attempt again to defend the country, and this valua ble Colony will ha lost to Great Britain for ever. I can take upon myself to state that the Loyal Canadians now in Eng land tremble for the con , equences of this Declaratory Bill when know❑ in Canada, and hope that i►. may not pass into a law, which there is still tints to prevent, and those who sin cerely wish the Can tdas to remain a put of the British Em pire, will not suffer party prejudices to the Government, or the Governor whom they have selected, to frustrate measures so eminently calculated to accomplish the end lot which Lord Durham was appointed. A BRITISH CANADIAN SETTLER. London, August, 1838. BUXTON.-FRIDAY. (FROM OUR OWN' CORILEsPONDENT. " Our physical well-being, our moral worth, our social hap. piness, our political tranquillity, all depend on that controul of all our appetites and passions which the ancients designed by the cardinal virtue of Temperance."—BUßKß. The rules and regulations, not leas than the natural supplies, of this ancient and celebrated resort of the feeble and the fashionable, remind one who h as j us t l e f t t h e scenes o f politi cal strife of sentiments just quoted; and if there were not something in the culinary preparations of the Great Hotel ap parently at variance with the simple fare of temperance, I might be disposed to tarry here, and descant upon a combina tion of constitutional agents, physical and moral. Omitting, however, such a train of ideas, I shall hasten to inform you that Buxton seems to hold out for this season its usual at tractions. Already are the hotels and lodging.houses tolerably well filled with inmates, notwithstanding the unfavourable state of the weather, which, for the time of year, is less dry, warm, and genial than the frequenters of this place havebefore experienced. Still the concourse of persons already arrived, or daily expected, is little less than during these bright sunny days of August, which were wont to ripen an abundant harvest, and fill the pockets of the Buxtonians. Amongst those who for the last week have been enjoying the far-famed waters, with " breath of Heaven fresh blowing, pure, and sweet," are the Duke of Grafton, Lords Beresford, Rivers, Valletort, the Irish Chief Baron, with Mrs. and Miss Woulfe, Mr., Mrs.. and Mis s Trench, Mr. Tooke, ex- Member for Truro and family, Sir Charles Scudamore, and a numerous list of other gentry at the chief hotels, and comfortable mobility throughout the town, too numerous and undistinguished for a niche in the columns of The Sun. They are from all parts of the empire, English, Irish, and Scotch, embracing very many respectable and In telligent persons, wh o , besides " Good health, and its associate to the most Good temper,"-- seek for a share in_ those pleasures which the place affords. Nor can they be disappoireed ; for assuredly when they meet together either at the "promenade,"• or in the public rooms of their respective hotels, they exchange much agreeable and useful information. Many of them have visited various other watering-places and scenes of pleasure, both at home and on the Continent, for health or improvement, and, on suitable occasions, are not slow in communicating the result of their observations. They enter into conversation in small coteries, too, on domestic matters and passing events with less of pas sion, and more judgment and discrimination, than belong to those engaged in the more acti ve b us i ness o f lif e . Here, for example, an anxious mother watching the health of a delicate child, will at the tea-table talk of the condition of the poor in her neighbourhood. Such an amiable and un sophisticated informant, regardless of Whig and Tory poli tics, told me last evening, that in Derbyshire the Guar dians and Magistrates say the new system has been pro ductive of much good, though an outcry was raised on its first introduCtion. An Irish landholder joins in the conversation ; says be is greatly interested about Poor-laws ; was prejudiced against such an institution in Ireland ; but that having read the Bill, now a law, within the last ten days, he finds it to contain so much of that principle working well in England that he will abandon his prejudices and give it a fair trial. He looks to many other advantages from it to his country, besides relief to the destitute. If the Government, says he, act honestly in the appointment of fit persons for its administration, it may become a system of discipline and sur veillance over the habits of the humbler classes, more bene ficial to their temporal welfare, than any existing religion or law. He expected similar benefits from the Corporation and Tithe Bills, and hopes•the latter, though not very satisfactory to any party, may not be postponed this Session like the former. Both measures were well intended, and their defects might be remedied at a future period. This gentleman's connexions and interests are mixed up with the Establishment in Ireland. Yet he admits the policy of making Protestants alone and the Church lands support that Establishment; and he thinks any tax imposed on his estate for that purpose would be repaid him by the general peace and tranquillity of the country. An English gentleman, from an adjacent shire, who has had a sprain of his ancle cured by the Buxton Baths, told me he had not much confidence in the present G Jvernment—he had never been in Ireland, though very often desirous of going there on a shooting or fishing ex cursion ; but from all lie had heard, the affairs of that country required new modelling, and, therefore, he was not as jealous nor as apprehensive of the results of the O'Connell policy, as he called it, as some of those with whom he agreed upon other points. He concluded some fair and Englishman-like ob servations on public matters, by saying. " he knew abundance of capital, agricultural and commercial, that would flow into Ireland if a guarantee could be had that it would not be all lost." Another gentleman just arrived, whose equipage, not less than his manners and education, indicate him as a man of station and influence, talked freely at break fast of the Continent and ale Coronation. He subsequently retired with me to a window, looking out upon th e d ar k and misty hills surrounding us, and after deploring the prospects of another gloomy wet day, entered into a review of our nations polities for the last ten years. He had been an emancipator, but would now exclude Catho- ' lies from Parliament, because they seem to forget their pro mises before Emancipation, respecting the stability of the Es tablished Church. He avows himself a decided Conserva tive—says the present Government can never be trusted by the people of England, because they compromised the princi ple of Appropriation, which called them into office. Still he would grant equally to all her Majesty's subjects. He thinks public men cannot with impunity trifle with the broad principle of consistency, however pressed by expediency ; and that if the Whigs had resigned office sooner than abandon, as he says they have done, the Appropriation doctrine, they might, in the balanced state of parties, acquire more of the confidence of Englishmen. This gentleman repudiates the idea of doing as he pleases with his *own—his tenantry are at liberty to vote as they like. My conclusion from this, and such other in formation as I gather from enlightened and independent men, is, that Reform, on the grounds of " Measures not Men'," is. advancing, and that the policy of Ministers should be that contained in the Sybil's advice, to cut through the whetstone boldly. Thus have I, happening to be here, "en passaig,' dur;: two of Buxto n ' s most d ar k and darksome dup. e°""#ed n g partial opinions on matters w hi ch are still prow angry discussion at S t . S tep h en ' s, and detaining s' from those s ' -ig more delightf u l pl aces w h ere they min ' dulci," an d l earn more of truth e at mix the " utile et than is t o b e f oun d i n their different public matters, mittees. I regret tb stormy debates or costly Co venie, t7e from D ' : rn state of the weather i s suc h as to pre ilo • exploring an d d escr ibi ng f or you " Poole ' s ac" i n neighbourh oo d. I h ave v i s i te d i t with a young ,;aintanee, but the entrance was so filled iNith water from the constant rains, that we were unable to ascertain the truth of an old woman's story respecting this grotto. She lives near its mouth, was the only Cicerone that appeared, and told us that the interior was very lofty and spacious, extending nearly 600 feet under the hill, and that besides many other curious petrifactions, there was one called Poole's Saddle (the name of the robber•who discovered and resided there) from its resemblance to that commodity-.a tortoise with its head lately broken and carric.d away ; and a pillar called " Queen of Scots' Pillar." It is in history that the unfortu nate :Mary sojourned for sometime here, and hence, no doubt, the origin of the pillar. I hare only to add, for the benefit of the inhabitants of this really salubrious and interesting spot, that it would be their interest to supply the library and promenade with a greater number of newspapers and periodicals than they have at pre sent. Several visitors for the last week were, like myself, b roug h t here mo re b y cur i os i ty t h an any necessity; and it would be an additional inducement to their return, or to their recom mendation of the.waters to their friends, if the ennui of the many wet days that occur could be relieved by a greater variety of literary novelties. SWITZERLAND. ( From the Correspondent of the Times.) LUCERNE, Atm. 0.--,-The discussion on the note of the Duke de Montebello, demanding the expulsion of Prince Louis Napoleon, took place to-day in the Diet. The Presi dent, before opening the discussion, observed, that if the As sembly had not been in Session, the Vorort should have con fined itself to transmitting the note to the Government of Thurgovia, and recommended the Diet to adopt the same course. The debate was opened by M. Kern, the Deputy of Thur govia. lie said, that although he was furnished with no spe cial instructions oe the subject, yet the general powers he had received fully authorised him to give a vote on the demand of the French Government, which was so exorbitant that he should be wanting in his duty if he did not qualify it as it de served before it was ri-ferred to the States. He would not enter into an examination of the events of Strasburg ; but this was not a question of persons, it was a question of principles of the most momentous importance for anation, since France called on the Diet to expel a Swiss citizen. The speaker then informed the Diet of the circumstances which accom panied the settlement of the Duchess of St. Leu in the can ton of Thurgovia, and described her peaceable life, her bene volence, and unbounded charity. The people of the country she inhabited had felt so grateful to her that they granted her son the freedom of the district, and the Grand Council, moved by the same feeling, completed the favour by spontaneously conferring upon the young Prince the rights of cit:zens'nip. By that Act, dated 1832, he acquired the civil and political privileges enjoyed by the natives of the canton ; he became eligible to every office under the state, and the Government of Thurgovia bound itself to aff ird him the protection to which all other citizens are entitled. The 90th article of the Constitution provides, that citizens shall enjoy the same rights. The Prince is placed under the protection of that priociple, and the G o vern._ ment of Thurgo v i a cannot consequently acquiesce in the d e mand d an of F rance . Th e conclusum of 1836, he said, was not applicable to this •cas e . ' L ou i s N apoleon was a ea r Swiss citizen,ege.e,the and - not a foreign r e f ugee , an d even were h pretensio ns o f F rance wou ld not b e more admissible. not, on rights of nations and i n t ernat i ona l l aw couldthe oth 2r hand, be invoked for their justification. The conduct of that country was truly incomprehensible. Prince Louis had been in its power, and set at liberty without a trial. France could not surely expect that Switzerland would make up for the deficiency of the measures it had adopted. In order that an act might be punished, it must be proved and condemned by the court of justice of the place where it was committed. The note complains that Switzerland received Prince Louis after the events of Strasburg. But after what was termed the great act of clemency, after the acquittal by the jury of Napoleon's reputed accomplices, bow could Switzerland be blamed for revelfing one of her citizens? Not only was the release of the Prince unconditional, hut tho French Government authorized him to fix his residence in the Gra hd Dueby of Baden, within a few leagues of Strase burg. After showing him so much deference, how could France blame the Swiss for harbouring a fellow-citizen ? M. Kern then asked if, as asserted in the note, Arenenherg were a focus of intrigues, why France did not adduce a single fact in support et the assertion.' The note might have mer e . Boned that several of the officers acquitted at .9.teas burg had lately repaired to that residence, who were all fur. nished with passports delivered to them by the Fetiich autho rity, which the Government of Thurgovia rif course should respect. The publication of the pamphlets and letters alluded to in the note could not be imputed to Switzerland. ,If France had any complaint to make on that head, receeurse was open to the competent tribunals, but she had no right to dee mand a violation of the constitutional laws of the country, Louis Napoleon b e i ng a S w i ss c i t i zen cannot, agreeably to the constitution of Thurgovia, be the subject of a mmarchy. The French code itself deprives of his rights of Prencliman every citizen who becomes naturalized in a foreign country, M. Kern then concluded by declaring that all the cantons were equally interested in the question with the one he repre sented; that it was time for Switzerland to put a final stop to the exigencies of Foreign Powers, and to proclaim once for all to the world that she was not a province of France, btu, a free and inkpenaet nation. M. Hess, the deputy of Zurich, also declared cosh, energy against the demand of France, and thought that 'are question at issue might either be referred to the doe Committee, or to th a t o f t h e G overner M. Kohler, o f Berne, like ll t , ion of a Spe c i a l eat of Thurgovia. expressed by th e deputy of . - et concurred in the opi n i on should be c Thurgovia, wh ose S tate , h e sa id , ons u l te d L eetOre a reply was returne d b y t h e Di et. The de ,111 ..1`..y of Uri thought that the whole country was interested in the quertion, a n d t h at t h e b est p l an would be to appoint a Special Committee to investigate the matter, in order to allow the members of the Diet time to receive instructions from their constituents. The representatives of Schweitz, Unterwalden, and Zug, were of the same opinion. - The deputy of Glaris viewed the matter in the same light as his colleague of Berne. The deputy of Friburg, observed, that the affair only (mue before the Diet because it was then sitting, otherwise itshould have been left to the decision of the canton specially interested in the question. He was of opinion that it should be still re ferred to that canton. The deputies of Solcure and Basle Country approved the sentiments delivered by their colleague of Thugovia, and suggested the expediency of leaving that canton to decide in the matter. The represelitative of Basle City observed, that it was evi dent that France did not consider Louis Napoleon as a Swiss citizen, and that it was incumbent on the confe deracy to remove her doubts on that head by a formal declara tion. The constitution of Thurgovia, he said, admitting no privilege, Louis Napoleon could not be at the same time a citizen of that canton arid a pretender to the Crown of France. The Government of Thurgovia should oblige him to abstain( from all attempts against France, and give Louis Philippe a pledge to that effect. The matter, he thought, should be re ferred to a Committee. The. member for Shaffhausen wished the Diet itself to re turn a reply to the note. • The deputy of Apenzel voted in favour of aCommittee. The member for St. Gall said, that if France brought a complaint against a Swiss citizen, and demanded his trial, then should the application be referred to the canton of Tnurkovia.. But in the present case, France insisting on obtaining a con demnation without a judgment or inquiry, he thought that, after the satisfactory explanation entered into by the deputy of Thurgovia, it behoved the Diet to take the affair in hand, a• and reply itself to the note. The deputy of the Grisons shared in the opinion of his col league of Uri. • M. • Monnard, of Vaud, observed, that before Frances under took to give Switzerland a lesson on the rights of nations she ought herself to respect them. The law of netions required that a State should not suffer on its territory attacks against a friendly power, and when such attacks took place, that State was bound to blintz. the offenders to trial, but no foreign power had a right to dictate the penalty which the courts ought to inflict; it must be satisfied with lodging a complaint and de nouncing the facts • its interf erence b eyond that would be an Lttempt again s t thel sovereign independence of that state. Viewed in that light, the question, he said, interested the whole of Switzerland, and on that acount lie thought that the Federal Diet, and nut the Government of Thurgovia, should reply to the French note. The assembly had only to ask of the former-Ist, Was the Prince really a citizen of the can. ton? 2,1, Were the facts mentioned, or insinuated in the note, founded in truth ? Were the principles of Thurgovia, reseect ing international law, in accord with the principles of the Confederation? The deputy of that canton had seeisfactorily answered those questions, and if he (M. Mormard) wished them to be again addressed to Thargovie, it was merely through deference for its independence, He then examined the facts denounced in the note. Swit2erlatid, he said, could not be held accountable for the occurrences at Strasburg. The principal individual engaged therein had been in the hands of justice, and set at liberty in violation of the laws of his country, aviolation called in the diplomatic note a generous act of clemency. " What has Switzerland to do with that clemency?" asked M. Monnard. " Did Switzerland bene fit by ii ? If France had detained and punished Louis Bona parte, should we have addressed her a note to claim the Prince? ali e d rm G a , n r y n . r 4 What surely a re havethey laws ? l% t r o e We are told th at h e has published pamphlets in France and G p ha un ve is .n h o o t ff s e e n e e n e t s h o e f m t lie F p r re wi rs. Can the Conf e d e e t . a ion be answerable for the publication in those countries of pamphlets written by one of its citizens ? The author of one of those pamphlets has been tried and con demned by the Court of Peers. One of h' l' le accomp ices is said to be in the canton of Thurgovia; but le e did not publish the brochur e i n S w i tzerland, and isnot `accordingly amenable to our Courts of Justice. The note Speaks of Arenenburg as a focus of intrigues, but adduces no fact in proof of the asser tion. I shall mention one e , .ee ever, to supply the deficiency, which was related to me 'by a respectable authority. One of the principal wets fir, the affair of Strasburg (Col. Vaudrey) 0 lately caxao • Q ewitzerland, furnished with a passport, given hire lay the 'Prefect of Stra s b urg . Th at f unct i onary had at "t Ter iAsed it; but, having consu l te d hi s Government, he was ..old that he might deliv e r it. Lcannot vouch for the is .ac- curacy of these particulars, hut it a notorious f ac t th a t Col. Vaudrey arrived in Switzerland with a regular passport from the French authorities ; and, after furnishing him the means Of coming on our territory, France presumes to accuse Swit zerland of tolerating conspirators in the cantons ! As for my part, I am not aware that any plot was getting up at Arenen berge and I am sure the Government of Thurgovia never sus. petted that it was a centre of intrigues. The French Govern ment, however, may possibly be acquainted with secret facts of which Switzerland is ignorant, for it is not the practice of our Goverement to pry into domestic affairs, or to violate the do micile of citizens." M. Monnard, after pointing out a number of contradictions, errors, and deceptions contained in the note, energetically urged the assembly not to acquiesce in the pre tensions of France, which were a direct attempt against the independence and neutrality of the Republic. M. Rigaud, of Geneva, resisted the pretensions of France, and saw no impropriety in calling on the Government of Thurgovia to answer the three questions suggested by M. Monnard, and, afterwards, in referring the matter to a Com mittee. The Member for Lucerne, who is the President of the Diet, was of opinion that the demand of France should be re jected. He . Warned the cond uct o f P r i nce Louis, and though: that Thurgovia ought not to be proud of the acquisition of a Republican of his description. M. Kern, of Thurgovia, again addressed the assembly, and said that he saw with pleasure the unanimity with which his colleague: had condemned pretensions derogatory to the sovereignty of the cantons. He again insisted on Prince Louis being a citizen of his state, and maintained that France evidently could not consider him as one of her subjects, since the, Government of that country had taken him from his na tural judges, in violation of the Charter. The preposition for referring the note to the state of Thurgovia was then put to the vote by the President, and agreed to by 13. f states —viz , Zurich, Soleure, Schaffhausen, Argovia, Valais, Geneva, Neufchatel, Vaud, Apenzel, Fri burg, Glaris, Berne, Lucerne, and Basle City. After the result of the ballot had been proclaimed, anoraer was en tered into for the nomination of a committee, which is to correspond on the aubject with the Government of Thur. govia, and submit propositions to the Diet. 'rho appoint ment of that committee was decreed by 14 states, viz. : Zurich, 'Uri, Unterwald, Zug, Schaff hausen, Vaud, Grisons, Basle, Schweitz, St. Gall, Glaris, Argovia, and Lucerne. Thurgovia abstained from voting. The members of the committee chosen by the Diet are— Mi.ssri. Kopp, President of the Diet, named by 13 statea; He gs, • Of Zurich, by 13; Schindler, of Glaris, by 12 ; liourck hardt, of Basle, by 11 ; M. Rigaud, of Geneva, by 11 ; M. Monnard, of Vaud, by 11; and M. Kohler, of Berne, by JO. Of the seven commissioners six have openly declared against the pretensions of France. A young man named Gardener, of Woodborough, was on Monday last entrusted by his brother to take a pony to Tan the jockey, with hill fair, for sale. Ile was not long there before a jockey rode up to than sixtet tk him, and demanded the price ; and on being told fifteen guineas, some place, during which another person came up, and a fa g r i t t i ir g ,' l ' ess c mversation took asked the jockey how much be would take for his horse ? Seventeen guineas, the jockey replied. The person offered 12/.—." No !,.-_.. 1 31. guineas." A third person came up and offered 13/. 103. which was or i p n omil g s course refused. The jockey now called Mr. Gat-doter aside, and whit en " e7-o . s ' it N y o s — al i d, " " n b ' t t it m l ll' a d vo t t a i k l li tTike olr a pored . 1 to him, that if he would take the men into a booth, and snake.l3 at d bargain for the lrseit was,, he (theimmedi jockey) go would give 15/ . f or the pooy. Th o is bait, palpable as atelY caught mr: Gardener II was simpleton tnough to go into the booth, an, as inig ht . e before he bad time to drink a pint of beer, the jocke r d be expected. leaving in its strati an old glandered horse, not worth 0 e oft' the pony, j o ae i was followed to Shepherd's Shore, but , a farthin g. T he was lost.—Devizes Gazette. after th at all trace of him RUN-AWAY HUSBANDS. —Tile Leeds Intern— gown' contains an a 've:tiseMent announcing that no fewer tha teen husbands in the township of Lwds haven four absconded, leaving their families chargeable, and announcing a reward per head for their rests, Lit ion. I I for ,00. .le WV ' .4" le„ so y Or