The Sun. — London, England, 1809-02-09 00:00:00

MR. PICrERLNG's SPEECH. IN THE SENATE 01.' THE UNITED STATES or AMP, RICA, ON, THE RESOLUtIONS OPPERED BY MR. 3111 L . HOU9R TO REPEAL THE SEVERAL ACTS' LAY , ENG AN' EMBARGO,, NOV. 313, 1808. The subject of the. American Embargo has occa, sioned so much 'misrepresentation in this country, Mild excited such a clamour among the opponents of Government against our ORDP46 IN COUNCIL, that it must be gratifying. to our !tatters . to know wha Opittidir Is formed by intelligent men in America re speeting' the policy of those Orders. We- have there fore great plensure in giving the Speech of Mr. PICKUAINO, one of the most enlightened Members of the American Senate, on the Embargo. As to the Orders in qUestion experience has so. fully demon . - strated their utility, that we trust Ministers will be 11 4 firm. in maintaining the measure, as they were wise in edopting . it. Mr. PRESIDNNT, The ample discussion already given to the re solution on your table, leaves me nothing to detail on the effeas, produced by the embargo, in regard to France, to England, or ourselves. On the two great belligerents, prnaicai men, who loie\V the eharaeteis and. resources of those nations, fin saw and pronounced, that it would hake no impression. This we all now know to be the ht 9 ; while we ourselves ,q!verelyfeel its pressure. Why, then, nor remov e it ? Because, as we are told, those two nations have violated our netitral and Mai ititne rights ; and see ing, that to compel their respea for these, we im posed tho embargo, and:they treat the measure with contempt ; t o remove it would be submission. So we will endeavour to conceal onr mortification; and because we cannot injure them we tvill'continue to punish ourselves. .. To renew our commerce,while their . decrees and order's remain uncancelled, would, we are told, be abjett, and degrading submission :' and that we have but this 1)1w - illative, to make war with. both nations,' sir' ‘ continue and enforce the present suspension of commerce.' It has been justly remarked, by a Gentlemen from Connedicut (Mr. Hillhouse), that to run astay f 'and abandon our rights, is abjed and de grading. " To make war on both the belligerents, is the • • most strange, quixotic idea that ever entered into the bend of a statesman. I . suppose, as we have a thou sand and a thousand times declared, that we have maintained an impattial neutrality towards those nations, so, to verify, our declarations, we must now make Win' 'upon both, inipartia4y ! And as, their injuries are said to be equal, or, we will not inquire Jwhich has done us the,most haroi;' so wet must measure out an equal qoantity of tesentnient, and , siVe tOeach an equal number of blows ! " Iu .respect to our violated rights, so far as Great Britain is, concerned, those presented by theadmini stration in the frat of our claims, are . ; I. An exemption float imprisonment of all sea men 014 board our tnerebot vesssls, ' • " 11. A free trade, with the colunies of her enc. , . " In. An trxeinplieni from captare of our veacek des;ined for. any Roil of her enecuiei not a6tually " Inm escarp, of the tonsequi.nces of ad vancing any r hit% from which conclusions may be tirlwo adverse to the , opinions of our own ;Rimini titration; which , by many l o se conceived to be indis putaWyjuSt. ' Merely to state these questions, and to' tueption' sudl arguments as the British Govern!. intent may perhaps have urged in their support, on her to subjeet . a man to the popithir charge of being under British influence, or to the vulgar...slander of being a British Tory he will be fortunate to escape the accusation a touching Ari,tisb gold But, Sir; none of these things move me.' -Tile patrons of the miscreants who utter those slanders know better; but are nevertheless wink% 16 benign.' by the impression they may make on the . minds of the people. •. From an early period of my I was zealously engaged in every measure op-' Hired to the attempts of Great Britain to encroach upon our rights,.until the commedcement of our re- Volitionary war; and, during its whole continuance, 4 'was uninterruptedly employed in important civil 'or military departments, contributing all my efforts td,bring that v. ar 14 a successful termination. Sir, am not the advocate of wrong doers, to whatever country they belong ; whether Emperors (.0- Kings, or the - Administiators Of a Republic.— Its ries is my objat, tuld TWom tiny guide; and' ..Whereber„ site points the way, I shall not tear to go. . , • ‘.• Great Btitpin ha 4 doge us many wrongs,' When W& wrre enlonies,.he Litlettyted to Oeprive its of some of our dearest birthfrightsi rights du ived from our L'oglih ancewori ; rights which We defended and Onully established by the successful conclusion of the koohnintviry war. But these wrongs; and all the wounds of 'war, wore intended to be obliityrated and' hcalod by' a treaty of peace, when all enmities shOuld Nye co:ised. . . . 4 , (;rein a ritain wronged, Its in the captore and ((e.,( l ctititation of oor •vessets wider .her Orders (4 179:3 and hbe has'inade reitarat . ..Lin for these wrongs, , piirAtant, to a treaty negotiated on proaka/ princi ies. bs' a stntestnin %.4 ho, wit literal views And real cuntlour, ritioght adjustment' and repitratiGn. . " At subsequent period:4 she I,ias.uoinioitseti others wroottg. ; :Arid Telianit.ot) 11..nt been demanded in . the Kline ipirit l cNndoor and lrmicess which were ; ,,,,i i iie4tefi In 1704, IL:t precede:lli filltfltirlZCA lOW went pr .;1 rup . rt,i , . 4 11t been' alter a ye;,ir's .volumes - „f j etteri a nd ess,ty4 l.tlve been 'Mitten, it 1138, likca the seven' ye'arts with Spain, ,Lwen ',brotght. (in the fon4t.in! , ,e of the President) e to, an ot bOttse sort thin every subject of dispute Tfr iria t o g n fAr, prob:),,ly farther from actiustment, , t h ar , w h en 'the negootit two were biogon. • It is this - diSigiroits issue which now enters into our deliberations.. Accordirvg id the sytteinents of t bet administration, wore brought into a situation from', which we cannot advance without war, nor retreat without dishottottr, Their negociationawith France bave also terminated in mortification and defeat. " On the two questions of the- impressment of AeatArtl on, board our merchant vessels, and a tratje— with the enemies of Great Britain prohibited in tinie of 'peace, the Gentierruin from Maryland, (Mr. written by me last whiter to the Governor orMas sachnseits, to be laid before the' Legislature : and on the latter,(nentral trade) be also read the journal of the Senate, which exhibited a unanimous vote declaratory. ()lour right to that trade; and then the names of the Senators (mine being one) who voted to request the President to demand and insist on re paration for the injuries done us in violation of that right, ,andfir this purpose to enter into amicable ar rangements with the Btitish Government. 1. ; On these two questions, I should, add nothing to the observations made yesterday by the Gentle man from Connecticut, but for the apparent inten tion of the Gentleman from Maryland ; to exhibit an inconsistency bet Ween my voles in the Senate and the observations of my letter on the same subjeai " It is sufficient for me to remark, that in the passages recited by the Gentian - an from my letter, my objeCt was to chew, by exhibiting in a few words, to the view of my immediate constituents,, and through them to the people of Massachusetts, some of the reasons which might haVe influenced Great Britain not to relinquish her ancient usage of impressing her own seamen ; nor to consent that neutral tassels should carry on (as we and other neutials'were carrying on) the whole trade between the countries of her enemies in Europe and their colf,Eies ; to show, L say, that as , much was to be said on both sides, tbose rights as claimed by the United States," were not to be, considered so clear and indisputable as iojuitify a war with Great Bri tain; into which the 'proceedings of the executive, in n vat iety ufways, seemed calculated to plunge us. BefOre I quit this subject, I will make one more observation. It appears to be generally.supposed 'that the rule respeCting the colonial trade adopted by Gies:it Britain, and usually called the rule of 17.50; which it seems she has.considered as' the an cient and established principle of maritime law,' was peculiar to Great Britain ; and Mr. Madison says, it is well known that Great Britain is the on- . ly Ratinn that has acted up - on, or otherwise given a sanction to it.' He also mentions this rule as having been introduced, for the first time, in the war of 17.56 ; as-having been in operation only a few years in that war ; and not afterwards acted upon until 1793. Let us examine the subject. " In Valhi's celebrated work on maritime law (a book in the Secretary of State's office) is'a regula tion of Louis the Fourteenth, in 1704, frOin which. I will recite some passages. " The title of the regulation is remarkable : it is concerning pries made'at sea, to securelhe navi-, gation neutral states andallirs daring War Mi r plying that this regulation was intended to abate the rigor of maritime lag/ before that time praCtised towams neutral commerce. • " After observing that propositions had been made to him by the DePuties ol the Council' of Commerce, the French King expresses his approba , tien of them, seeing he finds in them the means which he has always sought ofprocuring equally 'to the advantages of the subjetls cif neutral Pt inces anti'. French cruizers:- }le adds, "Ile subjects of neutral Princes will thus find, the care which his Majesty' has taken to preserVe for them 14e snme extent and the same liberty if cowmerce wh ich , th ey have beets accusm toed to enjoy during itence: " I will now read such of ,the Articles of this French regulation as relate to the question under con sideration. As tide t. Hi 3 Majesty forbids French Priva teers to stop or bring into the portb of his kireetna, vessels belonging to subjects of neutral Princes, go ing from the ports of their dominion, and laden On account of the owners or other subjAls of the said neutral Princes, with merchandie of the groWtl7 or tnanufaelure of their own Coutnry, to carry the same direa/y into any other States whatsoever, even those with which his Majesty. is at war provided never theless, that there he not in the said vessels any con traband goods. Art. 2, They are in like manner forbid —.• . . orbidden stop' vessels 'belonging to the subjeai o f neu►rail Princes, going from the ports of any State whatso ever,' even of those with which his Najesty is at yi4ron4 'laden on account of the owners or other subjects of the said neutral Princes, with incOtlian dize which they shall have received in OK same Country or State whence they sl►all have departed, to return direetly into the ports .of the dominion of their Sovereign. _ _ Art. S. Ht also forbids them to stop vessels be longing to the subjeas,of neutral P.rinees, departing from the ports ofotte of the States .neutral or: allied to. his Majesty, to go into another State nen tral or/allied to his Majesty ; provided they are no t laden with merchandize of the growth or manufac ture of his enemies; in. Which vivo the inch:hat:l - shall be good prize, and the vessels shall be re leased. Art. 4. in like manner his Majesty forbidi Pri- Nateeri to stop vessels belonging for subleds of neu tral Princes departing from a State allied to Ids Ma jestyor neutral, to go to a State the enemy Of his Majesty ; provided there bo not on board the said vessel any merchandise contraband, ,nor of the grcwth or manufacture of the enemies of Isis. Ma ; in' w hich capes the merehandize shall be good prize, and the vessels shall be released. AIL O. Vessels belonging to subjeas of Uoutrfil States which shall depart from the ports of a State the !enemy of in' Majesty, and there have taken their lading, in whole or in part, to go tä the States of any whet. Prince than their own, whetheraliied to his Majesty, neutral or enemy, may be supped . aod brought into his kingdom, and shall be declared good pi i-0 with their lading, even although' laden on 41 , ;cotjut o f Ih t , sahleds of his Majesty, or of ati al lirtl neutral State.' ". This regulation of I .onis XIV'. in , 1704, (lie being 'hen at war with England and Holland) was ire.emiaed with Unis' XV. in '1744, (France being agaiti at wu with England) with some exceptions in . regard t 9 those neutral Nations with whom France haci funned treaty-stipulatiO'ns. inconipatib:4 with that regulation: " Tyrthvso rave articles we have, 'if / mistake .. h Ol, Om' tvhole doetrine of the British ruld of 1756. 'l'llo dircoi trade to and from neutral ports and the enetny's ports; being permitted I But not the trade to and 'from the port (done allied or neutral' State to `and frorn't he portsOf another allied or neutral State, ifl4l,udiog of the neutral vessels conr \ i# of menhan- Vize, 1:c produairigs of the wiemy's c9lmtry ; ,much less Jolla" the same frotn: one port: . of the enemy, to anottle?, port of the enemy. MAILS. A R rt t v ED —2 WatCllolll, Due —ti Cottenbu , I DiAtiliti, z Waterford. PRICE OF STOCKS THU DAY AT 'TWELVE O'CLOCK. Consols THE SUN. SOLEM QUZI Dielitt !ALBUM AUDIATt L 0 ND 0 A', TIIURSDAY, FEBRUARY 9,, 1809. The Black Joke Lugger has arrived at Plymouth, from Lisbon : on her passage she touched at Co runna on Fridt last, where neither the French or Spanish colours were flying, owing to which she did not come to anchor, but jproceeded fur England. The town did not appear to have received damage by fire, or wai there any unusual bustle apparently in or about the place, nor was theArdsel fired at froth the 'batteries, although within range of the shot, and so near as to discover the carcases of the dead horses strewed on the beach. ' We received last night i-fasnburgh and Altona Papers, JO the 28t4 ult. from which we have made copious extraels. • The intelligence which they bring us from Spai n • is not of so recent a date,as that contained in the French Bulletins. It has been stated in iome of the Papers, that the intended attack upon Martinique has been abandoned. We believe that no positive intelligence to that, e(- has reached this Country, but as the Vroncir certainly have succeeded hi throwing • supplies into that Island, it is probable' that the. attempf•may be postponed for sonte time. We Mentioned yesterday that some more Ameri can Vessels . had broken the Embargo and arrived at I,iverpool. • These Vessels are a part of 22 'Vessels which endeavoured to escape' from New York har , boor on the night between the 15th and tilt!' 'ult.' They were however immedkitely pursued, by the Gon , boats, and 15' out of the 22 were carried back to New•Yot k. In consequence of the passing of the At for enforcing the Embargo, all Vessels that had taken ia their cargoes were ordered to unload, and it was to avoid a compliance with the provision of that A6l that these Vessels, which had been laden sortie tinie before with cotton and, rice, en- endeavopred to effea their eicape, The elealon of the Pt-esiitent and' Vice-President of the United .State 9 ling terminated ai we expetßed. MAIMSON• is t( k kl;o rre , tid,Wits, and CLINTON the Vice.Pres:dent. A New York Paper of the 11th ult. has been re ceived, from which th6:following is an Extratit Phe Bill for , enforcing the, Embano, which ori ginated in the Senate, underwent much 'discussion and several aMendmenti, upon 'which the. Yeas and. Naya•were called ten different times. The Bill was . eventually agreed to, by a majmity, of more than two to one Yeas 7t , Nays 32. ' " On Saturday the 7th inst. the Senate concurred\ in pa i iiing the above Bill with the - ainendinents which had been.made by the House of Representa-: tires, and on Monday the Government would ta,ke •• measures tier carrying it into immediate etieet. • • The Non-Intercourse Mt is the next subjeti of 'congressional consideration. The returns of the PeEtoral,Votes.for tke sident and Vice , Prestdent were completed, and guild as follows : For the NESIDEMT. J. MADISON C. PINCKNkIY C. Cx INroN 122 VIM:PILESIDENT. G. CIIN.CON . . 113 RUPUS KII , IG tig 1. LANGDEN - - - 9 MADISON - - - 3 MUNliOlt • - - - 3 • " Of course Messrs. MADISON and CLINTON were deeted." Yesterday being the Fast Day, His MAJESTY, the Duke of CUMBERLAND, Princesses AUGUSTA, SOPHIA, AMELIA, and, 11.Lttiy, accompanied by Lady ELY, and Generaii ,CAUTWRIGIIT and _MAN+ NINOTJA M I rode to St. George's Chapel, Windsor, and heard Divine Service, and' afterward.; returned to the Palace.. The Qv am.: and 'Princess ELI ZARETII had Divine Service performed in the Chapel. Tuesday morning His MAJESTY, ilicesies Au- GUSTA, SOPNIA, and'Am ELIA, accorniianied by Lady ELY, Generals CAterwarotry and FITRROY, and CUI. TAYLOR, took an airing in the Great Park,.. aud Ketnrnecltit twelve o'clock to the Palace. , , 4400/cr_v and rrincess ELIZABETH took an truFrit'inorei„pdgie and Gardens. - .. Yesterday the Prinbas WALEs attended Di vine gervicerat the Chapel Royal; Sr . Jaines'iPalace. On Monday Mr. o„mcaV was presented to his MAJESTY, at the Levee, upon his• being appt?inted . his MAJEsTy's Se2retary of •Legation to the 'United States of America. , •; • • - Dr. ROJ3INtiON received the honour or Ktlightheefl on Monday by his MAJESTY, upon his being , ap pointed King's Advocate. Yesterday morning the Duke or CUMBERLAND arrived at Windor. . The waters are greatly abated, but the road from fos Ariinl4o.l; its Txa Fast.---Yesterday the Metropolis Attuned 'solemnity suitable to the General Humiliation. At ten o'clock the Earl of LIVERPOOL, the ArChbishop of CANTERBURY,Lord WALSINGHADI, Lord HIATIIO Virtu), and several Bishop's, met in the House . of Peers, and proceeded from thence to Djvine Servica in Westminster. Abbey, where a most appropriate,. and eloquent Salmon was del,ivered by the Lord Bi shop of CARLISLE, from the 26th chapter of Isaiah, and gth verse.-- 7 The Sea4Kan of the House of Cola mons, and several Members, ,also attended:Mivine Service at St. Margaret's Church, where an inlPreaq sive Sermon was preached by the Rev. Mr. Gob. , ' FRET, Chaplain to the Hour. of Commons. Tbs Westminster , Volunteers were ranged in 'the gallery of the Church, and the scene was of the most solemn and pleasling description. The parochial Corps mustered at every part of the _town, and went to church. • Yesterday morning the Lone' MAyo►t and Sheer riffs went in state from the Mansion 7 House, a;,epni pania by several Aldermen, the Recorder, Comaloa Councilmen,lcc. attended by the City Marshals ano City Officers, to St. Paul's Cathedral, and heard Di vine Service, and an excellent Sermon preached by his Lordship's Chaplain, the Rev. Mr. Buton after which they returned to the Mansion-House to dinner,—The List London Militia attended at Os 'Cathedral. Upwards of 1 . 4,00ei. have .been subscribed at Manchester for the relief .of the Illantitatdurers of that town and its vicinity, who are at pret.etit o . ,it employment. Nothing . can so effectually calisole us for theA;s' astrous events. of the late campaign in. Spain, as Ilia' undeniable certainty of the superior bravery ana discipline evinced by the briti s h troopsin the. bOtia of Cotunna. - The •traits c,f individuat heroism bited in the course ofthe campaign are inninerable..... The following is one . 0' !he most sit ikov t Lit II reached us :—" In the retrem, petw een 1,0 , ;() and Batanzos, a party of invaliti„ 6hietly men exhausted by fatigue ?, was closely prt,:s . se.oy a body (if French cavalry. Serjeant Newnan, of the 2,i battalio 43d, who W:l3 himself 111111:11 exhantited,' owde effort to pres 4 forward till he had passed three or four hundred of these poor fellows; he Alien, with the greatest presence of mind, halted, they . 11 0 up tp hirt.v ail those who were al* to Malc.o resistance, and directe4 the rest to proceal a?n as they could. Hi; S:orypetkllis . pa(ty rk..olarly into sub — &visions, and commenced firing and roil:hien 3 slow and orderly Mitfmer, till he effectitallj , coved the retreat of Jai; di;abled comrades, and made the cavalry, about ‘..yo squadrous, give up ;he pursuit. Genen,li Prazer, nth-, did sbuie tether,i; were ill" mediately informed of ' the eireuinstanee, expres sed their warmest approation at such iticlier tike con duct, and their determination not' t o S t itk it to P 3 ' , unrewarded. The man of tear, bid) Don l'n*ao CEVAY I:ns is to be conveyed to E1)41:1Ad, . is' the Hannitai . tviliett souse 'h e years ago fell into the ands of, Spaniards -by running aground in stn near Algesiras. She was one of the small squadron , at that time under the contola t a J,011% 9 Ei‘kosiAitez. wa aiiervOis by 11)0 Kpikaiat . 4s called the ingesiras. On Itc,r,`-ani,val^lW she will be fiattnally presented to his Ma jesty, as, a mark of the. esteem . and 'veneration in which the Ktxn at GREAT! s heldly this Supreme Jupa.. • • . Much alarm licAving been excited by ill-informed paragraphs respetting the British Officers attached to' the.kpanislarnaie4„ . we are happy to state that Col, .14NN E Dy is arrived in .town in pet feel heal; h. Gt neral DOYLE WAS, tlCCOßlin i g to the latest aciviceS; 'safe raid well at Valencia, ?tr wai n AM at Cch Uncut; and Sitligngivk SON were upon the frontiers of Portugal, and • course, could easily retire,intn that cnuotry on .1114 , retreat of . the British army, and the advance of tim enethy.' ColOttel CAREW. , was at Oviedo, tVltlr ;{ ample • means of escape by_ sea, in case of -iu!aeli" sity. Colnßk qioo 6.known to be out of danger. • According to the last .accounts !rent Lisbot all !' the principal,' fimiiei of that city had, resolvct• 1 ` emigrate; the two most Wealthy men in Lisbl' CiftIINDELLA arlti BANDEIJIA Will COMO tr; DIP 111 the Frigate tt%hich. is to thing home Go,CaXD° G '' qutzsrel4.A is the (it..ptleman, at ‘,,,hose Jytsor had his licathquarters durion. his cornier 0 re sidence in Lisbon. It was a titaXim laid dowi, by the celebrated,: 1).,t0r JouTiN, that." a sudden rise from a lob Station, as it do ue limei shows to advantage the vie. tunes . and amiable qualiti es which could not 03tIrt thentselves,betbre, so it more frequently calls 'bah. to view, and , exposes to public.light, those spots of the soul, thos4 base. dispositions, and hateful vices which lay lurking in lecret, crainpe by penury 011 " veiled by dissimulatinn." How conspituously Lifest is the justice of tbis'observation t'eridel . o In the condud of the EMperOr NAZOLROS On Tuesday the first Stage rehearsal of the fo- rth' 4 coming Opera, ca ll e d Th e Circa.s.sio to " place at Drury Lane. It is much the style of 11 Siege rf Belgrade. Thefinate to she first act is delightful, and:was - applauded by all present. 111- wholeof the Music is by Mr, Litsnor. Mitts ManTYR, late of Covent-Garden "-el! eatl.° ' W 34 to make her debug at the Edinburgh l'hetttre 0 11 1 , Saturday last, in the interesting Dirt of . • the Farce of th a t name. BOXING.—A pitched battle , for 'lOO guineas was , til fi ev : l ,oa, t ec s nei l itse i i t eray n 6ei ti fro: fl plg a iebo t: vitii, s tri t il e ceisi a ,: t o, l : l? o g w r, t ) t o s i , n \ i 'V o i 1 6 1 s a , p r t ) a n i 1 , 1; Bantstead,• and a black .of the name of Gulliver , a favourite at setting l i ar of an.hour anti 40 minutcs, the odds varied, In: .071:11.))idecetd8)lt'aucaik:::%-araaskisiili,lxgttc)(l):sli:LObira the were the‘ sante agoin in the last, round as at ,etting to, but Wilson hit his adversary :May from him u; a temple blow, anal won the battle. The c04P 113 " tants were unable to walk to the. chaises waiting for them. •It was all bitting during the battle, he Win" net at the head, and the loser at the body. This day the prisoners who stand folly committed on divers charges of felony, will be removed f r° ,.. 11 1 the different Gaols to Newgate, In order to to.!' their trials at the ensuing Sessions, Which coin' mence on Wednesday next, at Justice Halt, in t"' Ohl Bailey, ••_ 1