The Sun. — London, England, 1864-01-25 00:00:00

Extra Parliamentary Utterances, MR, ADDEPLEY AND VISCOUNT INGESTRE. The Right Hon. C. B. Adderley and Viscount Ingestre, the members for North Staffordshire, at tended a soiree in aid of the Literary and Mechanics' Institution at Leek on Friday evening. Lord Ingestre presided. In the course of his opening speech the CHAIR MAN alluded to the fact of very few members of the working classes appearing to be among the audience, which he regretted, because he thought it was of great importance that mechanics should have the benefit of institutions of that kind, The great ques tion of the present day in regard to such institu tions was how to combine instruction weth amuse ment. He had the honour to belong to institutions called clubs, where the members had social inter course, the best libraries, and every sort of luxury, and he thought that kind of institutions should be extended, so as to become a counter attraction to the publichouse, and induce the working classes to avoid publichouses, which he looked upon as grow ing evils. He should be the last man in the world to say that the working man should not have re freshment ; he liked a glass of wine himself, and he did not see why the poor man should not have his glass of beer; but he should like to see some means devised by which the workman could spend his evenings in a rational way, instead of sitting in a publichouse. He could conceive that men who had been hard at work all day liked relaxation and to meet their friends in the evening, and he could not see why they should not do so, but the great thing was to teach the mechanic how to indulge in moderation. When they looked at the extraordi nary amount they paid for the punishment of crime and the maintenance of lunatic asylums, they might well feel surprised that the country should not take means to accomplish something in this respect. But the Chancellor of the Exchequer dared not look at the question, because he could not see how he could raise his revenue if he were to dispose of what proceeded from the sale of alcoholic drinks. Perhaps that subject he ought not to have touched upon on such an occasion, but when he came to a mechanics' institution, and did not see mechanics there, he could not help thinking that they were somewhere, and he could readily guess where. His lordship suggested singing classes, entertainments, and other modes of recreation as means of making institutions of that kind attractive to the working classes, and concluded by calling upon Mr. ADDERLEY, who, after some remarks on the position of the institution, said—To an institution like that what could he say worthy of its accept ance ? He certainly was not such a fool as to re commend an institution of that sort what it should do, or to tell it what its purposes were, for they knew better that he did what it contemplated. It seemed to him that many distinguished men who were asked to preside at meetings of mechanics' institutions wasted a good deal of time in recommending them to read this or that, to take up with a certain kind of literature, or to follow certain studies. He often doubted whether those distinguished advisers had ever followed those studies themselves. He was certain if those who were so addressed did their duty, if they followed an active business which took up the greater part of their time, they ought not to have time to carry out such recommendations. At the same time the practice often enabled them to hear amusing, clever, agreeable speeches, as, for example, the speech of the Speaker of the House of Commons at the Mansfield Mechanic's Institution a day or two since—a more able, sensible speech than which, or more fall of the caustic wit which all who knew the Speaker knew him to possess, he had never read in his life. But he (Mr. Adderley) would not attempt to recommend that institution what its members should read, nor to show whether any line of study was better than another, An institution of that sort, springing from the wishes of the people, was not formed to create a want, but to supply a want which was felt to exist when it was started. In a free country like this institutions did net cr eate wants, but were created by them, and it was because the middle classes of Leek some 20 or 30 years ago felt that they required .an institution which would supply them with the news of the day, the literature in which they took pleasure, and means of social and intellectual en joyment that that institution was formed, and not to recommend them to read or what to study. So -,7itia all such institutions. The education of the country followed the wants of the country, and no amount of grants made by Parliament or of societies formed for educational purposes would ever educate the country, but when the appetite of the people turned towards higher education higher education would follow. It was the increase of skill in manu feciure and in art that was educating the people of this country. As science advanced with civilisation everybody saw that they could not take their part in life without a certain amount of skill, and that made everybody seek the skill without which they could not gain a livelihood. What mechanics' in stitutions really exemplified was the co-operative principle in the country. This seemed a simple thing to say, but co-operation was one of the most important facts existing in this country. The prin ciple of co-operation which was illustrated in insti tions of that kind was being applied to all classes, and was giving the lower classes the enjoyment of many things which up to this time nothing but capital could command, They saw this principle carried cut everywhere—in the London clubs— those great palaces in Pall-mall, where all the luxuries of a prince might be enjoyed by an ensign in a marching regiment—and in Lancashire, which possessed the most vigorous and intelligent of our population ; and it was the co-operative principle which had made them what they were, which had made them a credit to the country during a crisis of two years which might have ended in disaster, but had only furnished an illustration of their vigour, of the sympathy of class with class, and of the vitality of the whole nation. (Applause.) What wonders they now heard from Rochdale ! Had anybody present read the late accounts of the co-operative stores at Rochdale ? He confessed they had astonished and deeply interested him, and he knew nothing at that moment more interesting, more important, more remarkable, or more characteristic of the genius of the country, or more hopeful for the prosperity of the country than that wonderful co-operate spirit festered in Rochdale. The lower classes of operatives com menced a few years ago and put by their pennies each week, and now one association alone had a capital of upwards of £lOO,OOO ; and by that means what had they done ! They had given to the ope ratives of the lower classes the means of enjoy ment of all kinds which capital alone could com mand. In doing this they had not only advanced themselves, but they had rendered a great essential eervico to the country, by diminishing the gap which existed between the poorer and the richer and more luxurious classes, and which was dangerous when ever it did exist to an extreme—whenever one part of the community was supplied with luxuries and the other with perhaps not even the common neces series of life. There were two important features in this system—they had turned among themselves habits of debt to habits of saving and thrift, and had raised themselves and their families in their own and the public estimation—(applause)--they had changed want into plenty, and—it was not too much to say --scanty food and clothing into suffi ciency and comfort, and, what was still more re markable, they had ale) provided by the same prin ciple for the education of their children and their own intellectual and social culture. (Applause.) *Mechanics' instieutions were nothing more than that principle of co-operation applied to their literary wants and their social and intellectual enjoyments. In that way they were of the most essential impor tance, and if it was important that there should be n o gap betweea one class and another in physical enjoyment and comfort, how much more important was it that there should be no gap between them intellectually. If one class followed the progres sive mind of the country and another class was un able to follow - it, what a dangerous gap would be growing up between them. The spirit of concord and agreement between people was that they should think alike, but if one-half of the country thought one way and the other half another, if one half was able to think and the other unable to think and ignorant, there 111:17.3t be turb3nce and revolution, and nothing short of one or the other in the presence of such a gap. It was the very use of the co-operative system which brought the means of the middle classes to supply the literary requirements of the age. That there was an appetite throughout the country for literature—and for pure literature—no one could doubt. They saw it at every railway station. Those railway bookstalls were not supplied with libraries of indecent and corrupt literature, such as were to be seen in other c3untries, and he would venture to say there was not a single volume at any railway bookstall in the country which a lady need be ashamed to have in her hand. (Hear, hear.) This showed that there was a large demand for healthy literature throughout the country, and it was a hopeful sign of the age. (Applause.) The right hon. gentleman went on to refer to local topics, with which he concluded his address. The Cotton Supply and the Means of Paying for it. (From the Money Market Review.) On the 28th of November last we offered some remarks on the cotton supply of 1864, and the question of the means of paying for it. As time advances we see more clearly that the difficulties in the money settlement for the supply of cotton to be imported this year will be serious, and that we by no means overstated the derangement which that settlement will probably exercise in our money market for some time to come. We may divide this question into three parts :- 1. The payments for cotton to cotton producing countries nearest to England. 2. The payments for cotton to countries east of the Cape of Good Hope: 3. The French payments for cotton in 1864. To understand the true bearing of the question before us we must remember that, although the Bank of England may influence to a considerable extent the operations of the commercial public in local business—where the probable extent of the de- mand for money to carry it out is pretty accurately known before the public became involved in money obligations—it has no power to put an end to, or check in any way, contracts actually made in foreign countries by our merchants for produce re quired in England. The Bank does not hear of such obligations or know their extent until the time arrives when the merchants, either at home or abroad, are called on to make good their contracts by receiving such produce and paying for it. All the Bank of England can do at this point is to act n strict accordance with the spirit of its charter and, if gold be withdrawn, meet the drain by rais ing the rate of discount. But this proceeding will not put an end to the difficulty ; the merchant must . _ still fulfil his contract, although his means of doing so are grievously contracted by the opposing infla- ence of the Bank action. With regard to payments to cotton-producing countries nearest to England, the sudden advance which occurred some weeks back in the Bank of England rate of discount induced a pause in the outflow of money remittances. The firms engaged in these operations in London hoped that, as the general business of the country is sound, and capital abundant for all the ordinary transactions of com merce, the course adopted by the Bank of England would attract gold into its coffers, so that by wait ing a few weeks they would be enabled to procure at cheaper rates the bullion they required. But this suspension for a time does not involve the can celment of the cotton purchases, but only a short delay in forwarding the funds. We must still expect an outflow of bullion to meet these obliga tions, and even within the last two or three days the value of money has been affected by them. With regard to the payment fcr cotton produced east of the Cape of Good Hope, on the 28th of November we expressed an anticipation that a heavy demand for bullion from this country would be expe rienced, but up to that date the premonitory indica- tions of a rise in the rates of exchange in India had not commenced. Now we hear that such a change in the value of money, and in the rates of exchange at which bills on England are offered, has taken place, as to make us imagine that the houses inte rested in the export of cotton from India have been taken by surprise ; and we are prepared to hear of a marked derangement of the In diln commercial system until the pressure shall be relieved by time, and by the settlement of this year's cotton exports. We fear that those who have calculated that the full vzlne of all the goods exported from this country, either in hand in India or on the way out, will be applicable for the payment of Indian cotton, will be disappointed to a considerable extent. The native population of India, as a whole, are poor, and cannot purchase a much larger value of goods this year than last. The dif ference of price, therefore, in our last year's exports of goods must of itself tend to diminish largely the extent of consumption ; and if to this be superadded the check involved in the rate of money being 20 per cent. in India, it is easy to imagine how cautious the native speculators who buy from the European importer must become, and how greatly reduced will be the extent of their operations until the derange ment subsides. The stocks of our goods in first hands will probably increase ; the native holders in the bazaars will get rid of their purchases at a dis count, throwing supplies into the markets of the interior at low prices; and a stop will very likely be put to the usual course of business until the dis turbing causes disappear. It is stated that considerable remittances of gold from Australia to India are in progress, and also large shipments of sugar from Mauritius. Gold from Australia will be immediately available to clear out cotton from India by the purchase of bills ; but the sugar must first be sold, and this may not be accom plished quickly. If we place these supplies as a set off against the smaller sales of European imports into India for some months to come, we shall pro bably not be far wrong. The question, however, of paramount importance yet to be defined is the quantity of cotton which India will export during the present year. A million of bales of 300ibs. each for all India may be settled for without serious pressure ; but if the quantity exceed that figure we must be prepared for serious difficulties in the money settlement, and more espe cially should the supply extend to the large quan tity which some of the estimates make it. With regard to the third part of the subject—the French payments for cotton in 1864—we believe that much of the gold taken from this country for France has been for this purpose ; and as the public are perfectly alive to the close connection which exists between the withdrawals of gold from the Bank of England and those from the Bank of France, we ne'd not say more than that English merchants speculating ih cotton can draw no comfort from this quarter, for there is certainly no amelioration in the bullion difficulty as connected with France. No HOME complete without a WILCOX AND Gann SEWING-MACHINE. Simple, compact, efficient, durable, and noiseless. 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The action of the pills is so mildly alterative and tonic that it cannot shock the most infirm constitution, or debilitate the weakest frame. The pills give fresh vigour to the stomach and natural activity to the liver, kidneys, and bowel:, Holloway's harmless and efficient medicine has been in constant use for nearly 30 years, and its present popularity proves how highly its virtues have been appreciated by the public at large. THE SUN, LONDO The Suppression and Extinction of Fires. A meeting of the members of the Inventors' In. stitute was held on Thursday evening at 9, Can duit-street—Mr. Ashton in the chair. Mr. KING, C.E., read a paper on the means and appliances adopted for the suppression and extinc tion of fires, with a review of the steam fire-engines at present in use. Mr. King, after referring to the causes of fire, said beildings could not be made en tirely fire-proof, but they could be constructed with a view of rendering them impervious to fire, so as to resist and not assist fire. Many plans had been proposed for increasing the extinguishing power of water, but the result had been so small as to be wholly unworthy of consideration, and all such schemes were practically useless. Phillips's Fire Annihilator was useful in contending with the ear liest stages of fires ; beyond that, when tried, it had been found practically to fail. Having detailed the improvements which had been made in fire-engines) he contended that Hodges' fire observatory, con structed by himself, had been proved to be very useful in deciding the exact neighbourhood of fires, and so enabling Mr. Hodges' Brigade to arrive first at the scene of the disaster. The advantage of the high-pressure system of water in the pipes was ob vious, but to enable it to be universally adopted in London the whole water system would require to be re-modelled. In extinguishing fires the steam fire engines must hold a foremost place, not only in consequence of the development of power, bat on the ground of economy. He then treated the rise and progress of steam fire-engines, giving some in teresting details as to the construction of steam fire-engines at present in use. With reference to the late trial of steam fire-engines at the Crystal Palace, he observed that the programme for the trial was all that the most scrupulous could desire, had it been carried out. The committee did not comply with the terms on which they asked the exhibitors to work the engines, causing a very large amount of confusion and dissatisfaction, and render ing the award of little or no importance es a test of intrinsic value: Several of the committee showed a marked partiality for certain descriptions of en gines, and owing to the want of unanimity among the members the result of the trial was unfortunately of little comparative value. He concluded by ex pressing a hope that in fature volunteer fire brigades would receive more encouragement. A discussion ensued, in the course of which Mr. Frederick Hodges observed that everything ought to be done to increase the pressure of water. In the day it should be kid on at about 60, and at night at 80 degrees. Mr. HANKEY, M.P., said a town lika London should not depend upon private fire brigades. He Should hail with great satisfaction the time when the legislature, public, private, and volunteer enter prise went hand in hand in establishing an effective fire brigade. Mr. BADDELEY, C.E., thought it very desirable that information should be obtained as to the causes of fires, a number of which were put down to un known causes. After some further discussion the proceedings terminated with a vote of thanks to Mr. King for his paper. The Execution of Colonel Bechi. Florence—as we learn from a letter from that city —is mourning the loEs of Colonel Bechi, a Tuscan officer, who has died in the cause of Poland. He had fought under Charles Albert and Victor Em manuel, and appears to have been greatly beloved by his countrymen. When taken by the Russians in a skirmish in Poland, it seems that efforts were made to obtai❑ his reprieve, but General Berg peremptorily ordered his execution. He wes ac cordingly shot o❑ the 17th December. The night before his execution, a number of Polish ladies were allowed to remain with him in his cell. These ladies, in a letter to Beehi's widow, say :—" On the last day and night previous to his execution we were per mitted to remain in your husband's company. We had OCCE' sion to admire the noblest of human beings, whose tate we this day have to deplore es though we mourned the Ic - is of a brother and friend. Pure P 3 an angel was he ; notable for his misfortunes ; of en imperturbable gentleness, which moved to pity even his fierce gaolers ; indulgent towards others and valorous ; sublime in his enthusiasm for the holy cause of our liberty; a tender husband and loving father— he appeared before us in the aspect of a being elevated altogether above the common level of man. Your photograph and that of your children, which had been mislaid on the road, came this day to hand. He therefore had jo3t time to take his leave of those be- loved images once more. It was a terrible leave taking. We heard him say,' Poor Juliet, I am about to leave you for ever. You will scan have to don the raiment of the Polish women. How well the dark clothing will suit the fair tressrs of my bright haired girl. I leave to my boy and girl a stainless and unblemished name--an heritage of honour un sullied, but nothing more. Poland will protect you, and adopt you as her own.' After this he said that he implored your forgiveness for having brought such a terrible sorrow on your life. He subsequently conversed at great length of yourself and his chil dren, and his courage never failed him save when looking on your image and thinking of your widowed desolation, and of his helpless fatherless children. The story of that terrible night may only be written in tears. During two hours he slept; after the refreshment of rest he prayed. At eight o'clock in the morning we received his blessing and last farewell. He took his departure with a tran quil and courageous demeanour. Oa his way he received continual ovations of triumph. At the moment of his execution his voice was heard to cry aloud, three times, Long life to Poland,' before he fell prostrate pierced with bullets to the ground. And now, what words can we make use of to comfort you? What words, drawn from the depths of the heart, would have the power to soothe ? We can only blend our tears with your©; we would invite you to join us in prayer at the fcot of the cress, to pray, as your husband died, before he departed from us, like a Christian, a tine gentleman, and a brave Italian such as he was. Bear up, therefore, as he did, against this sad reverse; and may God in His merr►cy help and protect you. We have this day been to pray on his tomb, which we often intend to visit; from the fresh laid gravel which covers it we have gathered a handfal of earth, which we send you. ' The earth,' as he said before he left us, would rest lightly' o❑ his head. We shall endea vour to send you his military decorations, which are at present in the hands of our Prince. Farewell. A thousand times farewell, madam. May God pro• teat you and your children for ever." On the night preceding his death the brave Tuscan wrote as follows to Madame Bechi :—" My peer Juliet, — When you receive this letter your poor Lao will be no more. Hs will have been shot by the Russians. I bless you, together with my beloved children. Death has no terrors for me. It is hard, however, to die in a foreign country, far away from all those whom I love, and un able to embrace them once more. You will now soon be a widow. But I advise you not to marry again, unless, indeed, you are led to do so through consideration for the impe rious interests of our children. Soon will those children be orphans, and this through my fault. May God have mercy upon my soul! I forgive all my enemies with my whole heart. My Juliet, my Guido, my dear Elisa, I shall see you no more. Farewell, farewell! Er_ohrece Fanny, our mother, Arthur, Massimo, Fanny's children, and your father, and bid all kind friends a farewell for me. I die because I have stood firmly at my post, when nearly all the other chiefs had dispersed abroad. I have given my blood for Poland. May Poland not abandon my family to destitui ion: I send you a lock of my hair, which is damp already with the dew of death. I hope you will receive my watch, my ring, and the locket I wear with your hair in it, which I leave as an heirloom to my dear Guido, to gether with my military decorations. I have now but three hours to live. Take coura;9;e, my Juliet ; we shall doubtless meet in heaven. Meantime pray for my soul. My lust thoughts are with God, and with yourself. May the blessing of en innocent ' man bring you happiness. Farewell, farewell ; a thousand and a thousand tender kissis to you, my ; dear Juliet, to my darling, children, and to all my relations." , MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 25, 1864• TRAIN SIGNALLING. There is nothing in Which the telegraph has rendered more service to railways tioln it what has been technically called "Train Signalling," Its value for this purpose was pointed out two-and-twentyyears ago, in a very explicit manner, by the original patentee, Mr. Wm. Fothergile Cooke, in a pamphlet of 39 pages illustrated by four plates. The pur port of this pamphlet may be gathered from the title: — "Telegraphic Railways; or, the single way recommended, by safety, economy, ind efficiency, under the safeguard and control of the Electric Telegraph: with particular reference to railway communication with Scotland, and to Irish Railways." Many of the fundamental rules for protecting trains in motion may be found in this pamphlet. The railway system has in these latter days so expanded itself—trains have so multiplied in number, that it is im perative on managers to have recourse to the telegraph for regulating their movements; business cannot otherwise be conducted in safety. The old forms of instrument were not equal to the duties required on those lines where the traffic was so heavy—trains following trains in such quick suc cession, that speaking instruments of a new character were imperatively demanded. Little is required to be expressed in this service; but that little must be in language not only unmistakeable but of extreme brevity. There is no time for speeches, note for sentences, sot even for spelling. The well-worked railway is cut up into shorter and shorter sections, and the distance between signal sta tions is constantly made less and less. As the duty of the telegraph is to protect the line, length by length, consecu tive trains are no longer separated each from the other by an interval of time, but by an interval of space. The inter val of time may be long or short : it may be measured by hours or by minutes ; the safety is the same. A second train is not allowed to enter upon any length of railway, be it long or be it short, until the train preceding has left that length. When these lengths are—as they are in some cases of metropolitan lines—reduced to very small fractions of a mile, and trains follow each other--as they de on high days and holidays—as fast as they can be loaded, it is obvious that the telegraphic language must be brief and expressive. A few seconds is all the time at command. No portion of this can be spared for calling attention ; the signal and its reply must be instant on the heels each of the other. The organs open to the language of the telegraph are the eye and the ear, What human eye, even were it relieved from its other responsible duties, is equal to the amount of fixed watchfulness implied by such duties as we have described ? The ear, happily, is always open; and no action is required on the part of him to whose ear language is addressed. Then the ear is not fatigued with listening, as the eye is with gazing. Hence it has become the practice to address the ear under these pressing circumstances. The few things to be said—and they are Nery few; the fewer the better—are accordingly expressed by sounds, differing in quantity and quality. Sometimes the memory is assisted by a visual signal, permanent for the time being, and altered in character, when the condition it indicates is itself changed. This either accompanies or follows the audible sigual. The memory is more fully assistsd, and a system of checking and permament record is added, by booking the signals, as they follow on in rapid succession. Not only is the fact—be it what it may—put on record, but the interval that has passed since the fact occurred; since, for example, a coming train arrived, or a parting train left, may be seen, it required, at a glance. Ruled books are provided, where every possible word is printed ; and litde save the name of each train and the time-figures, requires entering. This saving of unnecessary labour is very essential ; for in times of great pressure it requires lissom fingers to enter up legions of train signals—of ins and outs, of comings and goings.—Railivay News. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS, SATURDAY REVIEW.—A general impression pre vails, which may or may not be corroborated by facts, that the Ministry is weaker than it was, that it can less afford to stand an attack, and that the Conservative leaders, although notoriously un willing to force on an issue, may be driven by their supporters to try their strength. The Conservatives have increased their forces since the last election, and it is indisputable that their forces are very,strong. We have now had two sessions barren of interest and excitement, and of which nothing better can be said than that, it nothing was done in them, nothing was promised to he done. The nation, not having any domestic grievance of a salient kind to grumble over, end occupied with the observation of foreign affairs,' has been satisfied with the long period of inaction, and has taken pleasure in finding an opportunity of pay ing Lord Palmerston the handsome compliment of letting him preside in undisturbed ease o ver this epocteof repose. But, in the nature of things, a quiet and easy-going time—a time when people are satisfied with themselves, and delight in keeping up the military strength of the country without any wish to make any demonstration or use of it —must tend to throw power sooner or later into the hands of the Conservative party. Nor is it at all desirable that accidental causes should long debar a party from the experience and consistency it derives from holding office, when the general sentiment of the nation runs in that groove to which the party professes to adhere. The Conservatives may be said in a general way to de serve their turn of power, and it would be a misfor tune if those who are likely to lead them hereafter should not have their fair share of official training before they are too old to learn. Hitherto, the Con servatives have been kept back by several causes of considerable importance. They do not carry with them the general body of educated Englishmen. In the Houses of Parliament there are young men of promise on their side, because family connexions have made the profession or adoption of the Conser vative programme a condition and a means of their securing their seats. But outside Parliament edu cated opinion is not on the side of the Conservatives. There is no literature conceived in a spirit favourable to their pretensions; they have no powerful organs in the press ; and the defensive, and therefore some what carping and narrow, position which they are obliged to occupy alienates those who look on poli tics from what they couceive to be a broader point of view. But in other respects the Conservatives have made a real advance. For they have got rid of some of their other shortcomings. They have, more especially, attained a position of Parliamentary strength which enables them to be compared not very unfavourably with their opponents. They could show a Ministerial front in the House of Commons which would be by no means despicable. Lord Malmesbury will, we presume, be got out of the way ; and be might relieve his party at once of the embarrassment of his presence, and of the re proach of not being able to find a Paris Ambassador of their choosing, if he replaced Lord Cowley at Paris. Even Lord Malmesbury might shine at Paris, for Lord Cowley has worked hard to make any successor welcome. With Mr. Disraeli as Foreign Secretary, with Sir Stafford Northcote as Chancellor of the Exchequer, Sir Hugh Cairns and Mr. Seymour Fitzgerald and Lord Robert Cecil to act as ready and powerful supporters in debate, and with Lord Stanley to add the influence of his name and his ponderous respectability, the Con servatives might fill with some credit the benches now adorned by Sir George Grey and Sir Charles Wood. If Lord Palmerston, once out of office, were to find himself too old to care much more for party struggles, there would remain on the Liberal side in the House of Commons only Mr. Gladstone to represent the order of statesmen which towers above the level of the Conservative leaders. Events also have taken a turn which gives the Conservatives a much better chance than they have had for some years. The old party cries are nearly worn out, and the old watch words of the Liberals have become empty sounds. Reform and the Ballot and Church-rate Abolition are gone toast the Silences, at least for the present. New qons have come up which theraten more and more to engross the minds of Englishmen. There is the question of the relation of England to foreign nations; and there is the question of the practicability or neces sity of changes in the construction of the Este blished.Church. In the discussion of both questions the Conservatives may not unfitly sit on the official side of the House. So long as the success of the Italian movement could be supposed to depend on the action of English parties, the gulf of opinion and sentiment that lay between the mass of the governing classes and the Conservative leaders made their firm tenure of office almost impossible. But now that Italy has got as good a chance of suc cess as she is likely to have, and that we cannot and will not do more for her—as we have no power to get the French out of Rome, and have no intention of fighting Austria for the recovery of Venetia — there is not much ground for supposing that the bitterest Conservative could do Italy any great harm. No injury to Italy on which a Conservative Government could venture is likely to equal in im portance the blow struck by Lord Russell in remov ing Sir James Hudson. And, if we put Italy aside, and look at our foreign policy as.a whole, it seems now to consist in little more than doing very little, and writing a great many despatches. Why should the Conservatives be supposed incapable of doing very little and of writing any number of despatches ? They might, too, make their despatches civil and conciliatoey, and although this would be a great change, it might not be a bad one. On some points also, their preposessions, so far as any Ministry dares to have or avow prepos sessions in these days, might tend to redress the balance of English influence a little, and to make us fairer in some of our political dealings. No Ministry could well leave Turkey to b 3 the prey of France and Russia, but a new Ministry might re gard the struggles and hopes of the dependen cies of Constantinople without that jealousy and that belief in the sacred right of Turkey to govern which the memory of old diplomatic contests has imprinted on the mind of Lord Palmer ston. So, too, no Ministry would dare to depart from the policy of neutrality which we have laid down for ourselves with regard to the American Civil War. We are not going to help either side. But the Federals have attained an influence with the present Ministry which might be balanced ad vantageously by the sympathy which prevails in the Conservative ranks for the cause of the South. If it is fair that a Cabinet Minister should do as Mr, Gibson has done, and issue a partisan manifesto in favour of the North, it would not be unfair that another Cabinet Minister should do what many Con servatives would be very glad to do, and explain why the simple issue of slavery or no slavery does not seem to them the true one. That the religious question will also assume importance before long is es certain as a generation which has seen the interest in reform fade away can feel that anything is certain in English politics. A move will be made to do away with some of the tests by which the English clergy are bound, and to abolish or greatly alter the Establishment in Ireland. Whatever may be the value of the arguments by which the attack in either case is supported, it appears to us to be clearly the part of the Conservatives to make the de fence. They have a distinct intelligible line on each question—a line consistent with their traditions and with the whole feelings of their party. It is a line in which a large portion of English opinion will support them, and by adhering to which they can make a long, a creditable, and. possibly a successful fight. They will have much to say which their opponents will have to own is worth consider ing; and if they are defeated, they con scarcely fail to be defeated only gradually and by a little and to secure a handsome and respectable com promise, The Irish Church, for example, when regarded in the gloss, . and from the outside, seems to have rather a questionable case; but when it is looked at in connection w ith En g lish history, with the conduct of public affairs in Ire land, with the ecclesiastical institutions of England, and with the interests of powerful individuals, it assumes a different shape, and it does not seem to be quite so easy to touch it. The Conservative may find much to urge in its favour, nor will it do them any harm that the course thus forced on them will probably tend to separate them from those strange Ultramontane allies whom a dread of Lord Palmer ston's views about the Temporal Power has lately arrayed on their side. The time, therefore, seems to be near at hand when the Conservatives will, for the first time for nearly twenty years, have an op portunity of holding office on something like satis factory terms, unless some unexpected crisis occurs It is true that the prospect of a Conservative Go vernment excites no enthusiasm, for the defensive and critical attitude of the Conservatives denies them popularity, and the supremacy of Mr. Disraeli would be a national event not exactly calculated to make people enthusiastic. But a change of ministry would be taken calmly, and, if regretted on account of the personal eminence of Lord Palmerston, Lord Russell, and Mr. Gladstone, would yet commend itself as giving a fair turn to a powerful party, and as being in substantial correspondence with a great portion of English opinion. EXAMINER. —Greece and England are, we are sorry to say, arrayed in hostile position, Instead of shak ing hands, they have come to spar, and although no blows have been 'struck, they have assumed an atti tude of combative mistrust one to the other. Eng land has declared that she must and will blow up the forts in the island of Corfu. Greece ssys, es e cannot prevent your blowing up the fortifications, for which the lonians paid at least a part, bat we ca nnot be a consenting party. We cannot disgrace REFORM IN THE RUSSIAN ARMY, The InvaUde Busse publishes the subjoined infor mation : The Minister of War is occupied at this moment in exe cuting two important reforms :-Ist, the new organisation of the army ; and 21, the new system of military adminis tration. The first relates to the formation of active corps from the rescue, and to the formation of regiments and battalions for the defence of the fortresses, &0., also to the training of recruits for theactive corps by means of special detachments. We have, as every one knows, besides the guards, the grenadiers, and the army of the Caucasus, only 72 regiments of active infantry forming six infantry corps. France possesses at this tine 100 regiments of infantry, with counting the guard ; Austria 91 and Prussia 71; and more over the regiments of the guard and the landwehr. How - ever, this organisation of our army was sufficient ; for in time of war we were able to form for each active regiment a reserve regiment, and also two battalions in depot. In reckoning the regiment et three battalions of 1,000 men, our active forco in infantry was 226,000 men, and a reserve of 350 battalions, or about 330,000 men, The fortresses, even in time of peace, cannot be without sufficientgarri sons, furnished up to the present time by troops that might be more usefully employed on the field of battle—these gar risons have, therefore, weakened our active force—besides it was necessary to keep for those troops everything that composes the train of Batt dials of an army in activity. In future the garrisons will be formed of men lees capable of field service, and whom it will not be necessary to fur nish with the train of equipage belonging to active battalions, which atiangentents will effect a con siderable economy. As the troops in garrison are not subject to perpetual marching, they will have plenty of time to be trained to the use of cannon. They w;11 c ,nscquently turaish a gcod number of artillerymen in re serve, and reinforcements for the active army, at the same time that they fulfil all the conditions of efficient defence of the places coufidel to them. Up to this time, the care of training recruits belonged to the divisions, and this incon venience existed, that for one regiment ten recruits had to be trained ; for another, a hundred ; :or a third, a thousand, and there were not always sufficient expert drillmasters. Now, this case is entrusted only to a certain number of battalions, distributed in the fortresses, in the Government towns, and in some district towns, Experience proves that 100 drillmasters are sufficient to prepare in a short time 1,000 recruits, consequently we must have a reserve body of 10,000 or 12,000 good masters, in order to drill in the course or a year, not only the double, but in case of need the triple of our contingent for the year, viz., 315,0 00 men. This system is already in the course of execution, and the reserve divisions of the first five corps of infantry are already changed into active troops." ART WATER CASES.—" In Benson's great case are some fine specimens of engraved watch cases, designed by the pupils of the Schools of Design. They are, perhaps, on the whole, the best specimens of engraved watch cases in the Exhibition."—Clerkenwell News, October 27, 1802. Chrono meter, duplex, lever, horizontal, repeaters, centre seconds, keyless, split seconds, and every description of watch adapted to all climates. Benson's illustrated pamphlet on watches, free by post for two stamps, contains a short history of watchmaking, with prices, from 3 to 200 guineas each. It acts as a guide in the purchase of a watch, and enab les those who live in any part of the world to select a watch, and have it sent free and sate by post. Prize medal and honourable mention, classes 33 and 15. J. W. Benson, 33 and 34, Lud gate-hill, London. Established 1749. Watch and clock maker, by speJial warrant of appointment, to the Prince of Wales. The Tribunal of Correctional Police on Friday heard a complaint of assault and false imprison ment made by an agent Taffaires, named Letailleur, against a Mme. Dhubert, a woman 72 years of age, and very in firm. A man named Chenneviere and wife ware also charged as accomplices. The complainant who demanded 10,000 fr. damages, deposed as follows :—" Some time since I summoned Mme. Dhubert before the jugs de paix for a debt of 424 fr. I was aware that the amount exceeded the jarisdiction of that magistrate. I thought, however, we might perhaps come to en amicable arrangement; but the person who attended for Mine. Dhubert protested against my demand as extravagant. I according determined to see Mme. Dhubert herself, and having ascertained from the concierge that she was at home, and willing to receive me, I went up to her apartment. I had no sooner• entered, however, than she locked the door, and commenced an as sault on my person. She struck mo three times on the breast and pulled my beard, at the same time calling nao a thief, an assassin, and accused me of having been the cause of her losing a suit which I had managed for her. At last I got out of the room, and was assailed on the landing by Chenneviere and his wife, the former of whom struck me repeatedly, but the latter only abused me with her tongue." The complainant called several witnesses, but their evidence did not support his et ttement. M. Lachaud, for the de fence, stated that the jute de paix had reduced the complainant's claim of 421 f. to 30F., and was proceeding to speak of the assault when the President of the Tribunal said that he had heard enough, dismissed the charge against all three defendants, and condemned the plaintiff to pay all expenses. The Tribunal of Cm Notional Police on Friday also tried a woman named Vasse, who had occasionally assumed the titles of Baroness or Countess de St. "Marie, on numerous charges of obtaining goods and money under false pretences. A furniture dealer deposed that the prisoner entered his shop and bought a pair of carved oak stools, which she ordered to be sent to Mine. Ste.-Marie, wife of the Governor of Algeria, nue Garanciere. As, while bargaining for the stools, the prisoner remarked that she had seen a pair exactly like them in the apartment of M. Chaix d'Est- Ange, he supposed her to be a friend of that gentleman, who was a customer of his, and therefore sent the goods without hesitation, but had never been able to get his money. Other tradesmen &posed that the prisoner had obtained goods of them in a similar manner, and had even burrowed money of them under the pretext that she had accidentally left her purse at home. The prisoner, in her defence, d.-Blared that she had never had any fraudulent intention, and that most of the complainants had since been paid. She added that her husband held a situation under Gevernment in Algeria, and that she had a right to use the titles she had assumed. With respect to M. Chaix d'Est-Ange, she admitted that she was not an acquaintance of his, but that her daughter was his house keeper. The Tribunal, considering that the prisoner had obtained credit by false representations of her position, de clared the charges proved, and sentenced her to three months' imprisonment. ourselves and depopularise King George, by becom ing parties to an arrangement that gives us the island disarmed and mortified. The Greeks allege that they elected their monarch on the understand ing that the lonian Islands were to be ceded to them. They could not foresee this cession accompanied by humiliating circumstances. They say they have been so far tricked, and they must take care to right themselves. They will sign no treaty by which the destruction of their forts and the neutralisation of the Islands are insisted on as conditions. In that case, quoth England, I must keep the islands. That will only make your breach of promise more fla grant, saith the Greek. Since you won't have the islands by the o nl y way in which we can part with them, we are determined to keep them, quoth Eng land, and keeping them we shall preserve the forti fications intact. The work of destruction has, there fore, not been proceeded with, and Great Britain is still saddled with the maintenance and government of a very recalcitrant and oddly placed set of sub jects. In the midst of this, a very , ably drawn up act of accusation agai nst England, for its inalversa tion and mismanagement in the lonian Islands, has been made by a French gentleman named Le Nor mant, and printed in the Revue des Deux Mondes. In this the English aro accused not merely of mix rule and of abuses in their political administration, but even iu their fiscal and economical manage ment of the islands it is affirmed that they have committed worse blunders in the lonian Islands than the most retrograde Government in Europe. Our boasted improvements are declared to be mere deceptions; our roads scarcely get half a mile out of the great town before they are lost in the open country. Our export duties were as high and as barbarous as those of Greece itself, or of Turkey, and our system of taxation ground the poor and exempted the rich. We do not credit the truth or justice of this virulent French impeachment. Bat some one competent to do so ought really to take the trouble to expose the fallacies and refute the errors of this calumnious accusation. In the Revue des Deux Mondes it is addressed to the tribunal of Europe. There should be some one who would take the trouble to reply. LONDON REVIEW.—The last hope of preserving peace seems to have vanished. The Austrian and Prussian troops are already on their march to occupy Slesvig, and on the frontier of that duchy it is well understood they will meet the only reception which it is possible for Denmark to give them, with out placing her independence at the feet of the German Powers. All that remains doub'ful is the extent of the conflict and the issues which it may involve. Defeated in the Federal Diet on their proposition to occupy Slesvig as a means of com pelling the Danes to withdraw the Constitution of November, Austria and Prussia have taken the settlement of the pending dispute into their own hrnds. In their view, the step they are adopting is a pacific one ; but although it is possibly as little as they could do, in the present temper of the Ger man people, it obviously constitutes a direct act of war, and threatens us with all the consequenceb which, in the present state of Europe, such an act may involve. There is no doubt, however, that the policy and the avowed aim of these two States are completely at variance with the claims which their own subjects and their Confederates in the Band desire to urge. The popular demand in Ger many—the demand of the secondary States who have so lately been the object of the suspicious at tentions of the Emperor of France—is, that the Treaty of London should be at once set aside, that the Diet should declare the rule of the Danish kings in Schleswig and Holstein at an end, and that the whole power of the Teutonic race should be em ployed in erecting these Duchies into a State under Prince Frederic of Augustenburg. The conduct of Austria and Prussia is based upon an altogether different principle. As signitaries of the treaty of 1852, they are not prepared to violate its stipula tions ; as great European Powers, they are sensible of the danger of embarking on a war for the aggran disement of Germany. They, therefore, acknow ledge that the treaty in question confers upon Christian IX. the succession to the Duchies ; but they allege that a certain contemporary understand ing has been violated by the Constitution already referred to, and they are preparing to enter Schles wig,not with a view of separating it from Denmark, but as a mode of extorting the repeal of this ob noxious constitution. It would not be difficult to prove that the negotiations of 1851-2 furnish no ground for these complaints, while they are still further from lending any justification to so violent a method of enforcing them. Had Austria and Prussia been as much in the right as we think them in the wrong. the mode in which they pressed their demands on Denmark—their peremptory summons to that Power to surrender at twenty-tour hours' notice—is hardly consistent with a sincere desire for the peaceful settlement of points which diplo macy may possibly have left open. We cannot now stay to consider the real bearing of the negotiations of ten years ago. The discussion of historical details would lead us far from our present object, which is to show the radical discrepancy that exists between the wishes of the Germans and the course of Austria and Prussia. Indeed, the latter are not now acting as German but as European Powers. In that capacity they have overruled the Diet ; and if they are successful, they will have demonstrated once more the utterly feeble and useless character of the organisation which assumes to re present the nationality of the Teutonic race. It re mains, however, to be seen whether they will be successful. Their course is beset with difficuly and danger. In the first place, the Governments both of Austria and Prussia will be driven to violate the Constitution of their respective countries ; for the Prussian Parliament has refused, and the Austrian Reichsrath seem on the point of refusing, the sup plies necessary to carry out a policy which falls far short of the national wishes. But, in addition to this, they will be placed in a position of antagonism towards the other German States. We should not be disposed to estimate very highly the difficulties likely to arise from either these causes could we con fine our view to the Fatherland. But, as we pointed out last week, there is reason to fear the appearance of another, and a more energetic actor, upon the scene. The recent note which the French Emperor has addressed to the secondary Powers can have no other object than to incite them to throw off the leadership, or rather the dictatorship, of Francis Joseph and William I. There is no knowing to what extent the small kings and princes may go under the encouragement of such powerfui patron age. It is at least premature to talk of a civil war in Germany ; but thoughtful politicians do not con ceal their apprehensions of a possible tendency to wards a new Confederation of the Rhine. If the resistance of Denmark—assisted, as we trust she will be, by Sweden and other powers—be suffi ciently protracted, the division which exists in Germany must be embittered, with every month of straggle. We do not pretend to forecast the policy of Louis Napoleon, but it is certain that he will not lose the opportunity of extending his in fluence, and profiting by the quarrels of his neigh bours. Ignorant es we are of hie precise intentions, it is utterly impossible even to guess at the probable course of events, after a cannon has once been fired in hostility on the banks of the Eider. We have, indeed, the disagreeable conviction that his Majesty does not really desire peace, because, had he done so, he could easily have procured it by frankly co-ope rating with England for the protection of Denmark. Unfortunately, if he deems it his interest to prolong a European war or to foment European confusion, the means are not likely to be wanting. The prospect before us is of the most threatening character. Nor can we look with satisfaction upon anything which c a t h u t t a h t e n D u e t nai an h y R s a i e g r s i fi r a e d e has recenti; transpired, except it be the manly and high-spirited a:ldreseslfintow has just pledged 11;5 the integrity of the kii:Tdom. i war has given rise to a i h SPECTATOR.—The Maot: s cheme magnificent in concepion, and which if exe cuted may be entitled also to be called beneficent. The leading men of New Zealand propose to stud the North Island with villages of miliLary settlers, so distributed upon great lines of communice: tion that they will constitute a complete and well-knii!' sys tem of defence, segregate the natives, and cover Che country with cultivation. To accomplish this they will 2Toh,oeofiClgmuernesaaerde alaland o rg an e, o b f u t t w th o e mi r l o li j o e n c ys t looks cweenrtk fu works century. Bl b h l y e a feasible; oeamned beens iuf such be ht done,pr 0 we carried iststta o lo n ut e c , premeditation, w t h egrea terthis i race be saved from extermination. What the colonists d w e a s r i r w e ist thewith th ec savagees cessation ti ori ibt nottribes sonly the o fringes f war, r ges b sit. , whose far ut e the fear of spreading but desolate land s th ey dwell. 'They have tried the lazssezaller method, they have tried empirical plans of conciliation and nursing ; both have . failed. Neither non-intervention nor the bribes of Sir G. Grey have sufficed to raise the Maories to that state which we call civilisation, Th and which . would render the land habitable notion that it is . self governed practicablee Mtea set s u p h a a v i‘ e lao imbibed a rightt e atroe act fighting.eu king dom,andTh independent; and for this that a Maori kingdom have, of course, .a perfect . subsist side by side. N what ide e a y s they please; but it is plain could limit the and l‘i aB . ii . tish colony . cannot Persist ence in the Maori b idea maeaureitish .. rowth o et. Maori British imaginable perpetual war means extermination, perpetual colo ny. wars and or later, rminatio . n l sooner of the Maori race. e.But if, b a skilful occupation of the country, the Maori can be made to feel at once weakness and the benefits which flow from thriving settlements, then his idea be extinguished; he too may settle down.intohma peaceful cultivator, and t e . thus be saved. Otherwise,appears to us; not. as. it For in a series of wars he must lose, and finally pass away and be seen no more. Wherefore it is not less for the benefit of the Marries than for the benefit of the colonists that no pains should be spared to make this war the last, by making it, at thew me, W h o le n: time, the means of binding together the the settlements in the northern islands with t% nu of warrior agriculturists. There is something •L!'°: man in the project, the authentic details of v;11 . 101 ' . _ we have before us. It proposes to do a definite pi e e,.. se e of work at once and for ever. It propose,s to de:: in a large and effective way. Instead of leaving. ' tlement to chance and irregular and cruel Vgdrlblrot; it proposes to make settlements on a plan bas eu ose s the military topography of the country. It P r°l3 ;oet to make the land itself pay the cost of the pi,. in part, and looks to the effects of increaersed po i P s is; d on upon revenue to pay th e rema aphis scheme of pacification which merits the of ,‘ th o rough." It is, of course, the roverse,nhf t h i s bootless measures of Sir Geor g e Grey, Wh ic ' o f a dmirers call " wise and beneficent. It is, 0 course, based on " confiscation," which se 811° . t c v, gentlemen who have signed the memorial tn, 0. , Governor. But, with all but due respect for tu e 0. ; and in opposition to them, we say it is a thestatesina like scheme, and the only one which includes ._ e itis h u i , faintest chance of saving the Maories from tion. If the lands held by the Maories were hig ~J 0 cultivated estates, and it were proposed to seize them, wo should agree with the memorialists ie„,7o demning confiscation. Then confiscation in of Zealand would be like confiscation in Lit.he,ali'tiries Ireland. But the land is a wilderness. The in a° , t - e d can make and do make no use of it. from them it would be no loss to them— Abetrei,. be absolute gain, for the ample tracts of land . o e. would remain to them would then acouire a i" o f Thus confiscation, instead of depriving therprisl something, would really be adding to their :4 0 0, wealth, and the result of confiscation, colonizaso, would bring among them law and order, the ° the tial conditions of civilisation. It is 00 1 9, t a bei assumption that the Maori is incapable el °,7/ 0 1. development, that those " bitter fruits " N ous. the low from a "policy of confiscation" schic,ll, be W uid rash memorialists deplore. On their prineiPtetio would be as surely pressed back by the ennted British colonist, and finally e xtin g uished, as tnised Indian or the Carib. if t he Maori can be 0 11 . 1 co s and saved , here is the only pla n whereby WI" be done. COUNTRY MARKETS• NORWICH—SiTtiIID A.T. 00 tbo A fair supply of wheat, and prices the sanl ° , day se'nnight. There was a moderate r a ces re °' 4s tion*" . offer—much less than of late, and prices reman Flour unaltered. . 49° 3 56 White wheat. 44s to 465 I Red w heat ..... • • . 3 0 to „ A , Malting barley ...36s to 3 7s I Chevalier barlelo..o, toe' Distilling d 0..... 30s to 32s I Oats.. .. . ....... Flour, 27s 6d to —s Od per sac k from the jll N 0 RT HAMP T ON—SArniu3o. $t tls, We had barely an average show of wheat on offsf;011 corn market to-day, the condition of which Was irr o or% The trade was rather dull, and recent rates Wa r . h e be!. supported. Barley in middling demand, and 0 1 1 70, w Sorts maintaining late rates. Oats, beans, sad rates.—White wheat, 398 to 46s ; red, 378 to 425; to •fin to —s per qr. Barley, 358 to 37s —grinding. 265 Inv' Oats, 178 to 30s per 24 stone. Beans, 38s to 4 1 s' 30s to 388 per qr. 4 YORK—SATURDAY. A Pr w- There was a fair show of wheat at market to-10,01 time of the year, but the condition b y no mean° Asji, s' I t. Fine dry lots sold at late prices ; other sorts 3 1,1 g; e is per qr less money. Oats and beans at forme Cons, with a slow demand. 19 01" . 0 1 Wheat, red 3Bs to 40 s Oats.... ....... 3 5 5 0/. White do .49s to 45 s Bean s ........... .... 4 to s o B ar ley .265.t0 32s Peas ..per....... ..00art Malt, 5Ss to 60s per qr.; rye, 0 to 30s per sack. ...t LEICESTER—SATunDAY. f We were supplied with a seasonable quantitY 5 0 3.-, to-day from the growers, which met a dull devoi?d'feeir; prices is per qr lower than last week. A. langi l l ' bill, in the barley trade, but then was a good suPlilYta — plos "go purchased at rather lower rates. Oats quiet. to 0 113 ,11i a , 10 —New white wheat, 41s to 455; ,red, 3 88 stone. Old red, 39s to 41s per 36 stone. a rlel ' o l d new, 328 to 35s per qr.; grinding, 27s to 29s g . 13 25s to 28s; new oats, 21s to 23s per 24 st oll° 2ootoo e ' old, 40s to 42s per 38 stone ; flora., 275 J o 318 per NOTTINGHAM—SAMIDO. to (I°9' o At this corn market to-day there was a modera best,o ante of farmers and factors, but the shoo` of !itoo t ,,x l hardly so good as last week. The demand W a n ' forl4t and in some cases prices were lower. The de rlia " 7".00 ley was not equal to the supply—inferior sorts, cur to cheaper. Oats and beans dull, at last week'o c Q to 4 —White wheat, from 41s to 4is ; red wheat, 3 ( l s. o; si Barley—malting, 30s to 38s ; grinding, 27s t o s old to old, at Ns to 30s Od; new, 19s ,to 255. De aus to 42s per qr. ; new, 34s to 365. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Ve l). l , ' Australia and Mauritius, via Southmpton. ''''''' yePs, via Marseilles ........ ~b, ~. Arazil and Cape Vcrds by 13ritish pacht. ...... • : ;: i i. 1. 7 . Cape of Good Hope, Ascensions and St. lielcna•ri..s„„, China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampto ..',.0..i." via Marseilles • • • s" ~, Falkland Islands ......... .• ............ . J . 6 0. 7 . .! Gibraltar, via Southampton .................. pb.n. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton...lopp. via Marseilles . '' • jite• 0 India (Bombay), via Southampton ............ Po. $, via Marseilles . ....... ........ y eb. Portugal.... ..... 0. .... Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southamptott ....... PIP 0 , via Marseilles ....... • 10 1 ' Newfoundland ....................... • 0, Oporto and Vigo .................. : . ...PP U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. pftel c , e 7 •.. ~ 0' by U.S. pttelle"a,.lr 10. by Canadian Pa ° • Yer il. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneride ......... Fe b ' 0 , Bahamas, via Now York ' ..................... P UP A . .0' '— Mexico ......................... 10, All parts of West Indies, including Chili, re i California. and British C o lumbia. ........... --•••! —.4f,_ THE SITE OF THE GREAT----- EXliirstiri°ll.lo9o-141eL a l n t d is th eo e n e fi n d t e i ING OF 1862.—The scaffolding for the r—rii 04 this building re h s as now reached the top of the e a°. e • pa 0' y tr e u x o p tu ec re te w a i t l h l i h s n i i n ld t i e n n o d , ed t , o w l confident) Hornsey, will b; a a wt cc ie o ts m bre p eli l me is : h el e 'adrilLbPl:;:thi l l:libiejlebtliii:l:4 dria Park, the whole , s e ow the same with grass, ati al;.tj- s e°siell' if eabvlihnegar,totorlaervleilamtehnet,siinte 06 :0:i:0:C0e:silo: '0,1: thisdecide noble what plot c art e d di a fi t ce shall be ereotear:osT the . 1:1 ‘ p . lo pt South Kensingts perty of the nation. Sap Sci°ll RECRUITING AT N EW 0e I. st YORS.--' e .gli 1 recruitin committee are allowed 0 ~.,,,e i o P v ," P soldiers whose paying them term in the field expires at ea tir o 06 1 0 " at once, and the tarsi ° foot'. commencing . em the bounty 6twerfoor "loos cing from the new enlist , ment• or trap-door, works to as charts• 1100 010., a recruit dumb-waiter, passed the chairman his 8184 hands Ws i A wone , stands him on the trap and cries, 4, Go 1" an d '.°- 01 red nett ti in a twinkling, like a bag of sugar or a blinds Of if beis into the regions or basement below,and hirs'e.o'o VA he knows it, before a score or yond oo the possibility of being reachedraoreof b abarPsrii't-flleilsv ott n t s e t f antly on the look-out to wheedleYthe gallon to 14 Blunt has fitted up th is - 0 00 4, their reception money. Mr, warm and comfortably, and at tU re° , bes ..i t ' in every afternoon they are all marched off with d le f, o lio ,,, (la g and colours flying, to headquarters, and the '"0/ 1- Is y clothed in blue toggery and transported to „ i ps; offering The women have become extra patrioesttifiTt to, ering to enlist. One buxom lass writes to i• I go ylie , „ /1 el she is a full and able-bodied woman, fit for til e li - o eoP ' othes and the field, and if she can only Pas s til ,, 61 :10 014 ,1 1 ; noexamination, which she tell o the chairman tl er ' - solu'' - bottetvioor ,ts difficulty about, is sure sh® would Mak s a than any man now in the field, and begs the suPer.or ll° 1 receive her. It is somewhat doubtful if the su per XO 4 l look upon her case in the same flattering lig lit the 0 ' lt " be volunteer does. It is a case of superlative patrOn4;lo, York ). will probably be allowed to pass over.---Ne° 1 ,------- OARTER.—On the 22d i Royston, Oert°' the". v". Fred, C. Carver, o Esqn,s ß tf. i.l4 ,aast h on S: CAVENDISIT.—On the 22d inst., aeont. Janea'ls-riglrfej til Lady Emily Cavendish, of a , which on , short time. GLADSTONE.—On the 20th inst at a wootree, littfre:Ful the wife of Robert Gladstone, Esq., of a 014114 ,fr lIA.R.r—On the 20th inst ~ at 148, New Bond-otrv" Henry Hart, of a daughter. Marriages. FItANoPooLE.—On the 21st inst., at All Soill,„,Ihor11005 ham-place, Captain Charles HoskeiodFr:nboteeirloTtolisid, Regt., to Mary Halsted Captain William Halsted rouolleg,esitt. 1.A.,g0f leill Shropshire. Oi l ' oi ro , , .4, MARTEN—BEsT —On the 21st inst. at St. Leon to (il'" o f sten, Edward Bindon Marten, of 'Stourbridge• pq., the youngest daughter of the late Edward Beat, Bilston, J.P. for the county of Stafford, Deaths. r ,.. ft' do Iv - ANDERSON. -0a the 20th inst., at Aberdeen, , r' Anderson, Esq, aged 72.lituf BANEIES.—On the 22d inst., at Stoke-green, CoCO Banker, aged 03. , foie or BODDINGTOIq—On the 19th inst. at Wrellingu°A - 1 3. ' A thampionshire, John Boddingt'on, Esq., 8..ge,"., pro° BRAMALL.--Ott the 19th inst., the Itetr. JOn 6 1, 0 one of the Secretaries of Cheshunt College, og e 4 oi - DAwsorr.—On the 22d inst., Mr. John Batvsont " ,d I, vt,, lov mall, aged 73, Frsu.—On the 22d inst., at 5, Highbury-Par , 0,1.' Fish, Esq., aged SO. KEttuyn. the 21st inst., at Brixton, Geo. B erry' .. ot 19, V, and 21, 13isbopsgate-street, aged 58.4 v. WO WooDirt.-0n the 22d inst., at Southampton, , Woodin, retired Conanander lt.N., aged 711 $' 10 '` ---- %JO'S 1151 London: Prisaad and Fabhstied oy iiribLlA.Dl4nee ~,,;,f of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TOE SO U.he COO I" Strand, in the PreehlOt of the savoy, in 1. Minions ,-Monday, ilaway A ISt* t the