The Sun. — London, England, 1818-01-14 00:00:00

OF '1';11; R0. , ,1rk N - C, - , ."!'1.().1,-IC QUESfIuN .1;0:t suN. • I. MR. th:Tog,--Erroneous principles tif req.tiOn 'Lave ever been subversive of .civil gover:inient. - Under Paganism in 'the Wes!, "am; Alidionictisin in" tire E , ISt, the tit unbounded a uthority pre- *ailed, to the alternate prodoefloii 'of civil and religions The rise and progress of tl►e papal dominion, after annexing ti►e Christiftn . Chnrcis tt) the State, forms in ;,istory nn hideous piciiire, which . ex- rseS it lo censure and to scorn. The British Church was originally a stranger . to it, until the doctrine of Christianity was brought here by Augustine, a monk, from the see of Rome ; but the Pope, who assumed his Sa viour's chair, as his vicegerent, claitnerl no civil power before_ the time of lVilliatia the Norman, who then encroached on the Saxon Clergy, in fa- Your of his own ; which being bred up in slavisk principles, and devoted to him, were proud in forging chains for a free people. They intro duced his bulls 'as roles of diskipline, and his judgments ‘vere executed by spiritual Curses. lie dethroned kings, and interdicted Christian rites to whole kingdoms. His power however extend ing only to conscience, he directed it to pecuniary profit. He sold purgatory, and masses to redeem the so'uls of the dead. He invented new sins, and sold licences to commit them. Peisance for the soul he commuted for money. Non-residence, pluralities, and marriage within the seventh de gree, he prohibited for the sake of dispensations, Avhich he granted JO those who could purchase them ; thus drawing the wealth of Christendom into his own treasury. He exercised a feudal authority over all church preferments, and mole an investiture of them, as the lay lords did of land ; and he made them alike liable to forfeiture. The annual tenths of the one were similar to the feudal.,returrs of the other. Ca nonical obedience was fealty. The first fruits of a benefice were as the first seizin of an heir to land. Peter-pence were as aids by vassals to their lords, with other StipCrstitjoits eXBCtlOns. lily then assumed the pre . ,entation to all vacant livings, and his dispensations to preserve those fur absentees, produced commendaabs whereby the' best were filled by the fort ign clergy, who %-ere ever a verse , to the Laws and Constitnlion of England. Ile named Bishops in Contempt of prerogo Live , under Henry the First, and his Son John, of whom he demanded and received a surrender of the Clown, as thepattiniony of Saint Peter, to hold as his' tassal, at an annual rent. Nut satiAed with tythes, he endeavoured to poss-ess himself of all the land in the kingdom. To this end, Lis Benedic tine Monks, affecting retirement, and sanctity over-much, persuaded the great and rich men be fore their deaths, that their founding of monas teries would he a sufficient atonement for their sins; and, in about a century after the Conquest, a',l the abbeys aml rtlisi9us houses were built, and endowed with TY7HES, LAND,. and BA 1:07, Mr: . Ent - ron,—APow me, through Cita:mei of your Paper, to offer a few hints relative to a subject which so laudably. and so 'deservedly, en gages the present attention of the I'ttblic. ltnean provision for the Destitute Poor in Londo'n. My apology for addressing you is, that the subject is; it) one part, not a new one to me, but has been the obiect of My thoughts for many years, and has repeatedly heen so also of my active endea vours, though I am sorry -to add, hitherto with out effect. My hopes are better' in the present (tkposition of the publientiud. The suppression of Menciici•y is Inv a more de sitable a - chievement, than it is an aiduous task fur the humane and intelligent conductors of the en terprise. Mr. Martin, the unwearied conductor of the Mendieity Inquiry, can attest the not of suppressing, but of even regulating so vast a mass of action. But I see with pleasure, that in the IVleeting held at the Crown and Anchor on Thotsday List, great'str•ess was laid on the utility of a division of labour, and I fed myself thereby entitled, with more propriety, to call ',our atten tion to that single division of the important un -dertaking, which has fallto particularly under my consideration. has long appeared to me to be the disgrace of London, that, amidst the overflowing comforts, which, during the rigours of this season of the year, are the topics of mutual congratulations to the opulent, or, in other words, to the general Classes of the inhabitants, our streets should pre sent instances of wretches pelishing from cold and hunger, in the very view of the splendour and happiness around them. SCareely a winter (if any) has passed, since my observation has been directed to the subject, without one or more, heart-rending anecdotes of this nAtur@. I need not bring them to your recollection : they cannot have escaped the notice either of yourself or your readers whether the miserable creatures so pe rishing have belonged to the numerous class of regular Mendicants, or ‘whether accidental poverty and distress had overtaken them, is a question ‘vhich it has nut occurred tome to examine, and, I conceive, is of little • importance, as long as the facts are incontestable;—arid those, the Coroner's Inquests have, in cevetst eases, established beyond ciis p i , te . reinerly this afflieting evil (or rather this crying sin) a luxurious AletrolAis, the writer of the present letter, consulting cariOns Pa trons and other Mciiibers of Charitable Institia- tions, ventured, sboot four years ago, to propose a phto to a Public Charity of this Town, for the estahliAment of a DoamcrogY or NIGHTLY RE FUGE for the distressed Poor. lie was - gratified by learning that his proposal coincided with the general views -of the Establish ment which he addressed, but was informed by the Treasurer that it& funds were then inadequate to the prosecution of such a scheme. As far as I can at this distance of. time recollect them, I shall (with your leave) state the heads of the plan. It will perhaps be a matter of sur prise to many, to EA how simply so great mis chief may he obviated, and few, I am confident, are aware at how small an expence. That there le a large room kept open dur ing the wirole of every night, from the Ist of No. vember to the Ist of May,. for the 11,MFDiATE reception of, every poor person apprying for such purpose. NoNltS. Siiperadded to these encroachments, he and his e rgy attemptell an entire freedom front the civil magistrate, and to be privileged hi trying them before their own tribunals ; but this grasp at power fell to nothing ; when the minds of the people became enlightened, they resolved to op } ose it. To subdue this daring evil, our Edward the First passed a statute, and strengthened the laws against mortmain, a gulp!' wherein all the land in the country was in danger of being lost ; and on these were foimiled all tl►e suhsiquent sta tutes of premunire against rya! Autlim - i:y. Other laws passed aglinst it, to destroy the vassallage to which King John had subjected the kingdom, without the consent of Parliament, and contrary to his coronation oath. Tiking +hem all toge ther,- they bloke down the ciril and religimis power of the Holy Father in about a century after. rTo be Couelnuerl in Part 11. shortly ) THE NEW IMPROVEMENTS.—VI aierIoo-plrs,ce is frlish , d; and the houses almost all let. the western angle, ne a rly destroyed by fire, 'tunny months ago, is now in a Labitable condition ; they talk of tlevo!ing- it to a Parliameniary Club. The Military Club-house is complete in all its ex terior arrangements—rli,-great room will be sixty feet in length. Tire .Iyeantifill pile opposite, to-he r a iled Warren's Ho;e1, is nearly furnished. livery house and tenement in St. Jones's Market will shortly disappear. Only four liou•:es remain be tween Paili-mall and Piccadilly. The stibterrane cuts passages underneath the market are all re moved, and the paviours• are filling up and paving the great street. The toot-path toJermyn-street i s finished. The only shop wlhieh stands hi tile whole district is the one occupied by Leader, the butcher. Report states that the 'Military Club. house will be featly for opening in April. The New Market occupies a very confined space, with two ont4ets into the Haymarket. It extends from Not ris-street to Jermyn-street. In P:ccaddly the Circus is going on-rapidly; the columns of ston e , and t h e lonic capitals, have a very pleasing effect, One of the new buildings will be a :.';:lzionai Li brary---t most exteusive concern. 2d. That a go.lll frre be constantly• kept up in the room. 3d. That there he plenty of dry clean straw in the room ; to be distributed' to each poor person so admitted, h sufikient tfiiiintity to form a com fortable bed. 4th. That there be a regular supply of whole some broth, to be distributed warm, in the quan tity of a boson full to each person so admitted. sth. That a few blankets be kept, to be used in e.o.e of imminent necessity ; bnt not to be gene rally allowed, : on account of the inevitable danger of small vermin accumulating in the roin). 6th.. That there be a proper person appointed. to the care of the room.; viz.. Ist, to see that the fire is constantly kept up, and properly guarded ; 2d, to see that the - straw is dry, and to cause a fair and equal distribution of it, and to take care that the blankets which may be nsed be regularly cleaned from time to time, and others used in ex .. change; 3d, to gk'e out soup in equal portions, or as the case shall render necessary ; and 4d), to separate the applicants of different sexes, awl pre vent quarrels and distm hance of every kind." However simple such an establishment may ap peal, it is all that is absolutely ncee.saly fur the moment; and whoever has seen the barns of be nevolent farmers in the country strewed with poor travellers, sheltered from the pi!iless storm in the cheap manner heredeseribed (or even a. cheaper), will be cutiviaced of the sufficieocy of the reured)L this - part of of cielidicants. I , only re,tiaio:t to prortrAe, that the words " Dorniitorib.or Slictter for the Poor" be affixed iia vai loos pAris of the tow!), with a direc- Lion to the room approloriated to such purpose. . But it is inroortant to remark, that, although a real and substantial benefit may be procured by the relief of momentary diatress, nothing can be thoroughly e\iell done.on the subject; unless the scheme of The Dormitory be adopted 'oy, aMI be come au appendage of, some great Public Chari table establishment. Iu fact, it is an outer room of 'same such est tiblishment which is %taming for conipletiou of the pin - pose in view. In such a room, the Objects of compassion might be safely received without distinction ; and in order to ob viate the danger of abuses from imposture, the poor persons so received might, before their dis missal in the morning, be subjected, to an exami nation of their cases by visitors appointed by the Establishment, when the really needy might be fat titer assisted according to their respective wants and misfortunes, and the impostors (if any) dis cisarged, and deterred from a-seeond trespass. If, therefore, any such annexed room could be obtained, and made the general and permanent solace of the miserable poor, it would be expedient that associate rooms should be opened, one in every • parish, from which such pet-sons as are really ob jects of charitable attention might be removed to the principal depot. This, you perceive, Sir, is multiplying the expense, which I have above stated as small, but nut increasing it ; as each pa rish would, of course, defray the expense of its own room, and the establishment of a principal room, annexed, as I have proposed, to some great Public Charity, would justly become a matter of public subscription ; and it- would, of course, fall under the consideration of the Committee tip pointed be y the Meetings now in action. From a conversation with the Conductor of the Ilendicity Enquiry, I was, some time since, led to conceive, that a room io - each parish might be provided, and all the exp4'zpses of the purpose here desired, defrayed, for an annual soneof 40/. or 501. But I tun willing to suppose the-it the expenses would be four or even five times .as great, and to stare there a.t 2001. per (minim. Still the retoedy must be.conidt.red as cheap, in comparison with the magnit ode of tlieoo.il. I .have little snore, Sir, to, afhl. lam an inha -bi7ant of the Parish of tio's in the Field 3, and cannot timi any reason .ruby twenty inhabi tants of that parit>h should not be able and' ing to sobstribe ten poonds each for a purpose so satisfartory and consoling. I ani sure, ,11 , would sleep tyre better from the coosciousneas that they assiate I in imparting the lilesailig of sleep to the miserable; and if such a subscription should be set on foot, I can answer for two subscribers.— That you may be enabled to call on me to make good my words, I enelos:e.yon my name and ad dress; and in the mean time shall put no other signature to this letter, than that mark which I presume was first used in remembra nce o f him who taught us to visit the sick and needy in their fflict ion , anti " to do unto others, as we would that they should do unto us." IRELAND. The following interesting Statement of the importations of Flilx-Seed into Iceland we re con-unend to the attention of our Commercial .1;r, ~~.sv_~ ._-~- 'l'll l'erfor . .ed 1,6,5 t Dlioßr - LANE.—.)4)IIII BOIL: Job hez ry, Ijr. 1)owton ; Mary I'heril6erry; Jlissßoyce. . o ' 4 ViSjod. I'IIF.O. ItuyAf , ,CovENT-f;minEN.—Guy Mum') rig : !Icor! Bertt'aul, Mr. Brahaw ; Lucy fttultatu, Miss Stcpbc l "' After which, Malt:to:li liullivet. M. ART Gttertimey and .Tet% . (•y, 1 Waterford. Duk.-1 France, 4 Gottenburgh, 3 llatilliurgh. PRICE OF STOCKS 'flits DAY AT I' ELAN , . O'CLOCK. Banii Stock .... 29 2 291 I 3 per Cent. Red..: .614 4 , 3 per Cent. C0n5.........80?;, 4 per Ceia, • 99 ; ', 5 per 'Cent.. Navy Alin.. 1.I:1ulc L. Anti..2o India Botills.:.. 105:, 100. Exch. 11dI 194 2Ss• 1 ,1. CUllb. fill Account, HIGH IVATER LONDON BIODGF; TO•NIORROW.. Morning, 12 minutes after- 3. Evening, 37 minutes after 6' THE SUN. SOLEM (,LUIS DILEKE FALSUM AU.DEAT ? LONDON, WEDNESDAY, .I.II . V.I.TARY 14, 1818% No Paris Papers have arrived this ~Lor~iiz g. Two days' Journals ate due. New York Papers to the 2Gil, December, .0 (1 Philadelphia t(J the 16th arrived 11113 morning. (Pcont 11,s Neu) Yur:e Col.`tint7 ,141 - retti.ser of Dee: . The last accounts front Charleston, we are sort' to learn, give unfavourable intimations respecting; the health of' the City. Levers by yesterd3Y' i Mail state, that the warm weather had cansctl fever to break out aft e3h, particularly among thos o inhabitants who Lad returned front Suliivau'' Itdand. lery latefrom New -Orteaas.—The sloop rintertif which ar:'ved at this port yesterday from the ci . fY . of New Orleans,- Nov. 30, states, that the "sick', oess had nearly subsided. Cotton was quoted (AI, that day at 32 cents. (From the Neu, York :lien& .Aclverti,•er, 1G) Fl-toM AMELIA IsLAND.—intelligence from itiv e° ' lia, as late. as Monday the ist inst., reached Sava l2l null on the 34, by the patriot privateer Reptthlico" • Capt. S:nith, which put into 'lie River in distre s.. Ante, learning that the United States 1 ' 94 determined to break up his hoccanetriug ond ou'ITY the is?"! " 1 . thewed conilterable degree oi pet tin bution, gi e erri' hargoed the privratcers in the havtb- , t , r, the pira of their presence heirs.; necessary ler its Security in the absence of himsaf aad :41 ' 4 t; black heroes, who are to make w - t hi,.pftv t ` l attack on the itopregnAb!e of St. Aogos - the Goddess of 'Victory is to decoPl(6 their jetty brows with tinfadingWredtbS of 13 0 ' 4' and the Godd'esa of Mundt'. to fill their hrt 3 r • sacks with refulgent gold—but his teal hitt:l 6°lk. was believed to be to defend his piratical rjCSL against our troops. The madness of such 14 solution was too osten,ible to receive the coi nra tenance of his followers, and, in conseciveri" the embargo was removed on the 29• th or ult. On the Ist izistant, he was making prepaf l ' lions for the embarkation of his troops an4.tl)(3' total evacuation of the ~island. This, 11%19 do!'" however, under pretence of proceeding against Sr- Augustine —lle.aid, I;,e was in a few dsyi s to I ' 6 joined by two or three htilldi.ed troops fruit', i l1C; north and six or seven hoodred would render the success of the e xp e di t i io Fe r ‘ tain. rnled vessels from clifF ent American 1)°11 were arriving daily, for the purpose of ohriii" i4 commissions—three front adtimore on Sattabf 2D11) alt. in an they amounted to fourteen. (MI the same day, it is rt.ported, a prize sellool'er with a bundled and twenty negroes waa ta lt° possession of, whAe attemp: ing to run into F r l-- natitlin,i . , by the United Stmtes brig Saranac. HOUSE OF ILEPRESENTIiTIVES, DEC. 12. HorKiNsoN, of Pennsylvania, front t llc Committee on the Judiciary, reported a Bill t" establish an IJail'oim System of 13ankroP le f throa t hout the United Stat es _ ; was tW ie° 41. " read az:(iicomrliif:t....l. Mr. BLoomFult.r>., of New Jersey, .from th 6 Committee to whom was referred so much of the ('resident's Message us relates to the survi gi°6 l ttevolotionat y Patriots., reported, in part, a ° )1 Soldi ers concerning- •certain survivi,og Officers and 44 the late Revolutionaty [ibis providts that every corpruission eet anal onn-coinn;isiOned Officer or Soldier, who "9 served - i n the army (luring the war, whi-ellto:r 73 '' miref) it) the Treaty rf Pr.ar;:e with. Great 13riP4i° it) 1783, mi d. re d ttr,c;i . to ktdi eiiZe r cr 171 age, sickues, , , or any other cause, may bt: ro procure subsilttnce by tunnel 14 110 ' 1 " ,hell receive half-pay during life, eqii ;I 1 . 4 : the halt of the monthly pay allowed to grade of service dulling the revolutionari provided, that no pension thus allowed to a OW Re titler FLAX-SEED REPORT FOR 1517. • .:o Portion of the :30,9.11 IL :;l,( wls ::: 7., ~.; imported hetweetn the . > th , u!y, 7- - - - -....;-: islii, and sllt.Tnly, 1117, I,radittl T ; by the proper Of;icer; sr, ,!;,,itil. PORTS. '-./.. •:-.:': --: .. ,, ,: t; .1 Total. -: 0 ..., %n •,- g .-, ,::: •-i." -J• -. 4 . I ..4 - .i . :.:^, .... .: •;:t C .l • -1 r-f. 4 --- - - - - - 1311,15. lillds. lids lids lids Ii lids. Belfast - - ---- - --- 6,20V 1 4,322 3101 1091 1 5684 6 ,29 Curt Dublin rYti ndal I: ... iiinerick D erry Newry Sligo 30,911 26,704 34"33, 1354 972 ` 29,9+%7 The t; roes quanlity of Owl-Seed imported betwretit the sth July, 181 6, and sth July, 1917, is reported Hill , . . . The gross quart th►• sth July, to have been Of which has bc.en branded Sotsnd W rt v ti }As 29,67 "0,9 I L. avinic a resrcl!te of Unsinparl Srecl (which always renuoins tinder s6zave, nnl ii liond lie passed for its being crusi,ed into oil or re-export:•::) QUANTITY- SOWN'. The gmtntity of Mix-Seed handed Sopfivl, remained on hand after the Sowing Season ,:f 1816, aril was re-bia",ded Sonwil, at the com rneneemet4t of the Sowing• Season in 1317, appcas by the abovv Table to have been To which adding the quantity of Stted imported in 1816, and branded Sowtd . 11,5971 • 29,957 The gross litaittity of Soy,' fl Seer? in tie Ki.ngtiOtn, during the Sowing- • chson is IS-i7, appears to have been From deduct the residoe ,of Se.on,l whi,h remained after thv : , o , ,viog Season of 1617 8 , ,6911 And it will thereby appear that the Intuit:et - of r - MdF. - sown iT4 Ireland in 1817, WAS '22,87a in accountof the Quantity of Flax-Set,d sown in th? Three preemilinz Years, colteettli from the saner soirees sc thUSt from which this Tahle is wade; is hert .•.chjoined, for cxhibitinq the QuaAtity sown, lit . 1817, ci ~, ,a red with purpose at forrnrr ears :-- YCillS, 1 914 -Mids. 'own, 4 7, 3 7.3-Acres sown, 61,9031 1'315 5 2 30,4 MA 1*;16 3 5 ' t B:: 2 a . 5 5 7. 4 3 0 1 • •• • • 1:94 . 7 •,le, be ,111