The Sun. — London, England, 1838-09-17 00:00:00

MAILS Arrived. Due. Arrived. Due. Arrived. Due. , . 0 America.......... 0 2 France........... 0 1 Lisbon ...... 0 '• 0 8razi1......„.... 0 1 Guern. & Jersey 0 0 Malta 0 0 Buenos Ayres— 0 1 Hamburg...—. 0 0 Mexico .. 0 0 Carthagena ..... 0 1 Holland ..... ..... 0 0 05tend......... 0 2 Dub1in........... 0 1 Jamaica 0 0 Sweden 0 2 Flanders ..... ... 0 0 Leeward Islands 0 2 Waterford 0 HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TO-MORROW. Morning, THE "DOUBLE SUN," CONTAINING BEAUTIFUL MEDALLION PORTRAITS OF MARSHAL SOULT AND THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON, IN THE SAME STYLE AS THAT OF HER MAJESTY IN THE " GOLDEN CORONATION SUN," IS NOW PUBLISHING, AND MAY BE HAD OF ALL NEWSMEN BOTH IN TOWN AND COUNTRY. * * EACH PORTRAIT IS WORTH AT LEAST ONE GUINEA. BESIDES THE PORTRAITS AND WREATHS, THERE ARE CHARACTERISTIC MEMOIRS, WITH ORIGINAL ANECDOTES, OF 130TH HEROES. TILE SUN" 9 GOLD ALL OVER. A FEW COPIES OF TITIA CORONATION SUN MAY NOW BE ITAD PRINTED ALL OVER WITH GOLD, AND BEAUTIFULLY POLISHED. PRICE TWO SHILLINGS AND SIXPENCE SUN Office, 112, Strand, Sept. 17, 1838. TIFEINE BROTHERS at HAMBURGH, I A_ And •-: lIEINE BROTHERS at LUBECK, beg to state; thst Orders, with Remittances, will meet due atten tion,: and that they are able to execute orders of various amounts, fr(kro,lo/. t 0.50/. Orders for less than 101. cannot he attended to. HEINE BROTHERS have remitted on the 25th July, 60,000 raves from LUBECK to LONDON, and hope to remit against • the end of this month large sums from HAMBURG!! to ENG LAND, SCOTLAND. and IRELAND. HANIBURGH and LUBECK, September, MI. THE WORKING MEN'S ASSOCIATION. Nov publi3hing, price One Penny, AN ADDRESS to the PEOPLE or ENG LANI), by the WORKING MEN'S ASSOCIATION _ . (with its OBJECTS and LAWS). Also, price One Penny, An ADDRESS from the WORKING MEN'S ASSOCIA TION to the WORKING CLASSES, on the subject of NA TIONAL EDUCATION. Also. price One Penny, An ADDRESS by the WORKING MEN'S ASSOCIA TION to the PEOPLE of CANADA, with their REPLY. " These are noble documents, and ought to be most extensively circulated."—Leeds Times. London : Cleave, Shoe-lane; Fleet-street ; Watson, 15, City riad ; Hetherington. 1116, Stiand : and all Bonts.salers in Town and Country. he publication of TIT?. SUN SE'A SPAPEK commenced this day at 15 minutes past Three e'Cloch. e rs ' r r- • , 4- 17 'QVI) WITH WHICH THE " TRUE SUN " IS NOW INCORPORATED. LONDON : MONDAY EVENING. SEPTEMBER 17, 153 e. We must, on the subject of the Corn-laws, content ourse►ves to-day with directing attention to the able article which we borrow from the Spectator. By a few facts, that completely demolishes the notion that wages rise with the price of Corn, and, that, therefore, the working classes are not interested in procuring the repeal of the Corn-laws. This article is the more va luable, because the error it refutes has been sedulously taught by one Journal which claims to be on this point the advocate of the working classes, and is em braced, we regret CO know, by more than one of the ablest of their leaders. That error, we believe, diverts their zeal from the abolition of these laws to a much more vague and distant, if not unattainable good. The article in the Spectator is further of importance, as adding to the proofs which we adduced on Saturday that the Corn-laws are the source of a great many crimes. Our Contemporary takes a different road from ours, but lie reaches the same point. What the Spectator says, too, on the subject of a pro bable falling off in the demand for labour, is well worthy of notice, and should prepare us for encounter ing a most severe " winter of discontent." We may add, that the returns from the corn markets of Derby and Manchester to-day, show, differently from what was expected, that prices do not decline. " In the face," says the Manchester letter, " of the large sup ply of foreign wheat," which has now been brought in at " a nominal duty, " the price of foreign wheat, instead of • : declining, has advanced 2d. to 3d. per bushel." " The opinion that the yield of the wheat is defective, continues to gain ground," says the circular, and our Corn-law legislators, spiritual and lay, seem not un likely, from the present price of corn, and the proba bility of slack work, to have the peace of the country to answer for. We learn with pleasure from Leeds, that the skilful inhabitants of that hive of human industry do not mean to lie still and be trampled on, and starved any longer by the Corn-law making Bishops and Peers. Their trade with Germany, they see, is coming to an end. Most of the wool, the produce of that coun , try, was bought at the last fairs for German houses, 'and the German manufacturers will very soon wholly exclude the Leeds manufacturers from the Germa market. They, with diminished means, will be re quired to support an out-of-work and destitute popu lation, including the surplus of the serfs which the landowners have banished from their estates, and then ~,the. l .ceds manufacturers, and their starving townsmen, would decay and go to ruin together. But the Dissenters of that district do not mean, we perceive, to submit to this for the sake of the tithe-fed Church and the idle landlords ; and they are about to set an example of agitation for the repeal of the Corn-laws, which we hope will be followed, and be successful. While on this subject, we beg leave to inform the Liverpool Albion, which threw out the question, that Mr. F EA RGUS O'CONNOR did vote in 1834, he being then in Parliament, against Mr. llumE's motion to ffo into a Committee on the Corn-laws, with a view to get rid of them. `jr• FEARGUS O'CoNNoR, therefore, is quite c onsistent in preferring Universal Suffrage to the, abolition of the Corn-laws, though those who fol low•his lead, and join him in abusing The Sun, look to the ab o lition of those laws as the best fruit they can expect from Universal Suffrage• The Duck-!egged Drummer beats another tune to day. The Timcs has found out that Greece and Mexico do not fill the public eye and the public heart; and it has two articles on the present agitation. We take some credit to ourselves for having pricked our Contemporary out of his poor lazy party politics into some c onsiderations bearing on the present condition of society. Ile gives us a di:,:sertation on what the political institutions of a free people are intended to achieve, as well . as an article on the agitation of Messrs. OASTLER, ATTWOOD, and O'CONNEL. This is as it should be ; the Corn-laws will come next, and we shall have the Times appropriately enough, as it is now the organ of the Bishops, and the scientific advocate of the ignorant Israelites, de fending the Devil's laws. The present dissertation about the objects of political institutions is, however, out of time. It is a sermon against the indulgence of appetite read to a starving people bent on getting food. Its present conduct, and the conduct of our Statesmen in relation to the condition of our people, reminds us of an anecdote we once heard. A fever broke out on board an English frigate, cruizing in the North Sea, and, as it was of an infectious nature, it was resolved to land the men at Berghen. That was done, and she proceeded to sea to fulfil her mission. In the course of a few days she returned, and on her surgeon visiting his fever patients he found the Nor wegian doctor, in whose care they had been placed, administering sugared water to them, and waiting for the crisis. Our people are in a fever, and the Times and our statesmen are administering to them the sugared water of party, and waiting for a crisis. On Saturday evening the Pandora packet arrived at Falmouth from the West Indies, whence she brought 9,0001. on freight, and a file of Jamaica Papers to the 10th of August inclusive. We are delighted to learn that the complete Emancipa tion of the Negroes on the Ist of August was effected without the commission of a single outrage throughout the whole or the West Indies. After Divine Service, which was everywhere performed on that day, the Governors addressed the assembled appren tices on the nature of the important duties upon which, as freemen, they were about to enter. The faces of the sable population were radiant with smiles, and they behaved to all with the greatest courtesy. One difficulty only appears to be felt in Jamaica and Trinidad— namely, the rate of wages to be paid for free labour. The planters, it is said, are for paying the free negroes in kind, as during the period of their slavery, but the latter insist upon being remunerated for their labour in money. \Ve do not anticipate any insuperable difficulty on this score. The planters already begin to find themselves much better off' than they expected ; and the Negroes will not be slow to perceive that the free labourer and his employer have interests in common. We copy the following from a Jamaica Paper of the 10th August, for the information of the Jamaica mer chants and planters : . . " We have received the following information from a Cor respondent on whom we can rely, respecting the properties in the neighbourhood of Montego Bay. It would appear that the greater number of the negroes have not yet resumed work : ESTATES AT Worm.—Johtesqlall, Worcester ; Retirement, Fairfield ; Catherine Mount, Bouge ; Catherine Hall, Pro vidence. The apprentices on these properties arc working away cheerfully without knowing what remuneration they stall re ceive. On the following properties the men have refused to work fur less than ls. 81 per day, some stand out for 23. sd : Moor Park, Gla3gotv ; Potosi, Sutherland; Unity Hall, Fllmstead ; Newman Hall, Porto Bello ; - Spring Mount , Leitrim ; Williamsfield, Logan ; Kirkpatrick, Leyden. By the Bragauza steamer, which arrived at Fal mouth on Sa'urdav, we have received advices from Lisbon to the 12th inst. They are, hoWever, of no political importance. Several of REMECIIIDO'S band have been taken and shot : but neither their fate nor that of their leader has restored tranquillity in the South, where the Miguelitcs continue to make their principles a pretext for living by plunder. The elec tions were not terminated, but the prevailing opinion was, that the Liberal party would obtain a conside rable majority. Letters and Papers from Madrid, of the Bth inst., have reached us this morning. The New Cabinet had that day entered upon its functions by a delibera tion of three hours' duration on the important topic of replenishing the Exchequer, which the new Finance Minister found quite empty. A second Cabinet Council, to be held in the course of the evening, was decided upon, and a resolution passed for convoking the Chambers on the 30th of October. In the mean time the great body of the people were passive ob servers of the conduct of the Government. 'We doubt whether the DE FRIAS Cabinet would be able to maintain itself till the meeting of the Cortes. The whole of the Paris Papers of Friday and Sa turday have been received. On Friday the King and Queen of the FRENCH, accompanied by the other members of the family, returned to the capital from the chateau of Eu, in Normandy. Respecting the Swiss and Mexican questions, there is nothing in these Journals to indicate the adoption of a more li beral policy on the part of France. According to the .Journal des Debats, the Swiss deputation attending the coronation of the Emperor of AUSTRIA at Milan were informed by Prince METTERNICH that Austria, while respecting the sights of the Federal Govern ment, felt bound to support the claims of France. Who ever supposed that Prince METTERNICH, the oracle of the Holy Alliance, would oppose the preten sions of the CITIZEN KING, were they ten times as arrogant as they really are ? No, no ; the Debats cannot pretend that the adhesion of Austria to the demands of France will establish their justice and their reasonableness in the opinion of any liberal Govern ment. As to the Mexican question, the view which has been taken of it by the English Press is every way unpalatable to our Gallic Contemporaries. They can see nothing in our objections to the block ade but a pitiful jealousy of the glory which France is in the course of acquiring in Switzerland, in Africa, and in several of the South American States. Even those Journals whose invariable rule it is to oppose the policy of the French Cabinet, insinuate that we are solely actuated by national jealousy in condemning a policy so injurious to our commercial interests. Mi serable infatuation ! England would blush to partici pate in the triumphs which France now boasts of being in a fair way of acquiring. Don CARLOS is reported to have just received 200,0001. in specie from the Emperor NICHOLAS, accompanied by an injunction to prosecute the war in Spain with all possible vigour. The number of young Poles arrested at Warsaw is 370. They will all be sent into perpetual exile. The poet BERANGER is about to return to Paris from Tours, where he has resided for some years. The Literary Society of Tours have presented him with a gold medal worth 2,000 francs, as a mark of their re srect for his person and talents. There is no other news in these Journals of any public interest. BERLIN, SEPT. 16.—Several persons have lately been ar rested here, as it seems, for crimes against the State. On the 3d of this month, a family, consisting of a man and his wife, and two children, in their own carriage, arrived at Potsdam, escorted by two gen'darmes, amidst a great crowd of people. At the beginning of this month, a M. Van T—n set out in his own carriage for the Rhenish provinces, but was arrested on the 6th at Erfurt, and brought in a farmer's waggon, with an escort, to Potsdam, on the 9th inst. M. V. T. belongs to a very old family, scarcely thirty years of age, and had ac quired a large fortune by marriage, and lived at Berlin in a style suitable to his rank. This last affair causes a great sen sation, and the issue is impatiently expected.—Hamburgh Papers, 14th Sept. MUNICH SEPT. 10. —The bulletin of the King's l.ealth issued tc• day is as follows: ''rho fever had not perceptibly increased yesterday evening. His Mjestfi sleep wa3 good, only interrupted twice during the night by a dry cough. Towards mcra i ng very moderate fever with gentle p ers p irati on." ' Thus it appears that his Majeaty continues to grin bAttr, THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 1838. but the journey to Augsburg which was fixed for to-morrow will most probably be deferred as the weather is very bad. Count Nesselrode has arrived here, and is at the Hotel of the Russian Legation. BRUSSELS, SEPT. 15.—The number of travellers by the iron railroad (including soldiers conveyed on it), was as follows : In the first ten days Second do. Third do. Total, The total receipt was 409,679 francs. General Don Juan Van Halen has just set out to return to Spain ; the composition of the new Ministry at Madrid, has doubtless hastened his departure. FRENCH FUNDS.—Paats, Sarristaza 15. Five per Cents.. 109 f. 45c. 60e, 40c. Four per Cents., 1021. 50c. l'hree per Cents., 80f. 85c. 90c. Bank Actions, 2640 f. liente de Naples, 99L 90c. 100 f. 10Cf. 10c. Roman Five per Cents., 101%%%. Spanish Actives, 20M54. Belgian Five per Cents., 103 N 1044. Belgian Three per Cents., 74f. Belgian Bank, 1,440 f. Haytian Loan, 330 f. EXCIIANGROIC LONDON. One month, paper, 25f. 3714 c.; money, 2!..f.35c Three months, paper, 25f. 25c. ; money, .st. 20c. ... . . LATEST PRICES. Five per Cents. lOgf. SOe. Three per Cents., 80f. 95e. Bank Actions, 2,61 'l. Romans, 101 N. Belgian Loan, 104 M. Belgian Bank, 1,440 f. Spanish Actives, 20 , 4 3 . Haytian Loan, 350. BELGIAN I. U NDS—BanasELS , SEPT. 15. Actual Debt, 2% per Cent. Rothschild's Loan, 5 per Cent. lOl% Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent. 3 per Cent ........ Loan of City, 1832, 4 per Cent 97 1 Society of Commerce, 4".', per Cent 5O Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent I4OM National Society . —Brussels Papers, Sept. 15. AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—Vizeta, SEIM 7.107 Five per Cents. Metalliques Four per Cents. Three per Cents. Bank Shares 14461A —AligemeineZeitung. Sept. 12. HAMBURG BORSEN HALLE, Sc r. 14. Bills. Money Austrian Melsl'iques, 5 per cent. Dir o ditto 3 per cent. Ditto otitto 21 per cent, _ leitto Bank Shares 1429 1425 Aegio-Russian Loan 109% F 9% Russian 5 per cents. Metal. Paper Inscription, 6 per cent 1 I 101% ltuseian inscription, Hope and Co., 3d and dth Series Ditto, Certificates Portuguese Regency Bonds, 5 per cent — Ditto, 3 per cent — i3uU h2l per Cents. Pitta 5 per Cents lOO% I'o P Aish Bonds, 3 per cents. New Tickets 15 174 154 1 Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per cents 72% 72% Norwegian Lean of 114;34, 4 per cents ...... Spanish, in piastres, 3 per Cents.... .... Cortes esan, 5 per Cent .............. Greek 4 per cents. 1533, guaranteed by France EXCHANGES ON LONDON. lIAMItURG, SEPT. 14. .—I3 I ; two months. 13 lA, TOCKiI ULM, SEPT. 7.—Two months, 12 P`, Pt. RUN, SEPT. 11.—Three in • nths, 6.2334. VIENNA, Seer, S.—TWO months, 9 551. —Hamburg Papers, Sept. 14. SHETLAND ISLANDS. Extract of a letter from Lerwick, dated Sept. 11: On Tuesday and Wednesday last there were some herrings caught, but on Thursday the hopes of all were dashed by a tremendous , *ale from the east, which lasted all that day and all Friday. The crops both of corn and potatoes along the whole cast coast have been destroyed, precisely as they were last year nearly at the same season. Yesterday the boats caught no herrings, but this morning- several of them have made good hauls at this station, and at Scallaway. If the w .!atlier keep favourable for a fortnight, they may still make an average &Wag. CRIMINAL COURT-(THIS DAY). OLD COURT. The September Sessions of this Court commenced today before the Lord Mayer, the Recorder, Alderman Lainson, the Sheriff, &c. In consequence of the short period that has elapsed Letween the termination of the last Session and the commencement of the present, the callendarisextremely light, there being little more than 150 prisoners for trial. The cases of Myers, who stands indicted for the murder of Mr. Davidson Pow, and that of Mr. Broughton, who was the second of the unfortunate Mr. Mirfin, and who it is expected will sur rendor on Wednesday arc the only ones presenting any points of interest. At the opening of the Court, Ann Cocking, John Cocking, Benjamin Buggy, and George Washington Maldree, who were convicted at the last Sessions, and sentenced to be trans ported for ten years, were placed at the bar, when The RECORDER informed them that the Learned Persons by whom they were tried had overlooked the provisions of the Statute which in each of their cases made it imperative that they should be transported for fifteen years, it therefore be came his painful duty to pronounce that extended sentence upon them. With respect, however, to the three first prisoners, a re commendation would be forwarded to the Secretary of State, recommending that the sentence first pronounced upon them should be carried into effect. As to George Washington Maldree, the circumstances attending his case would be drawn to the attention of the Learned Person who tried him. THE CHARGE. The RECORDER, the Grand Jury having been sworn, pro ceeded to deliver his charge to them. He would not on the present occasion occupy their valuable time by any observation upon the generality of the cases about to be submitted to their attention, as they were of that nature which the experience of the Grand Jury would enable them to deal with without any comments from him. There was one case, however, to which he felt it right to call their attention, namely, a charge that was likely to be preferred against an individual of murder, arising out of a transaction which was ordinarily denomi. nated a duel. He was bound to tell the Grand Jury that if two persons deliberately fought a duel, and one was killed, that the principal and both the seconds were guilty of murder, and that, too, notwithstanding there had been most grievous provocation. It was also quite immaterial by whom that provocation was given, whether by the party killed or the individual who shot him. In the eye of the law, the second of either party was guilty of murder as be in g pre_ sent, aiding, and assisting. It was true it bad be en st ated by Lord Chief Justice Hale that the rule of law as to princi pals in the second degree had been somewhat strained, but there could be no doubt that the party who was second to the person killed was liable to be tried for the crime of mur der. In the present instance, when the circumstances were adverted to, the second of the unfortunate deceased would be found to be as much aiding and assisting as the se cond of the individual who had slain bile. If upon the evidence that was brought before them, facts should be proved that warranted them in putting the case in a course of further investigation, they would be bound to do so ; he would refrain from adverting to the circumstances of the case further, as the Grand Jury would see from the witnesses that came before them, whether the party charged was present, aiding and assisting, and act accordingly. He could not dis miss the Grand Jury, who were gentlemen coming from the different counties to which the jurisdiction of the Central Cri minal Court had been extended, without adverting to circum stances of deep interest to them and the public, as showing that the present system of imprisonment was not effectual in checking crime. He alluded to the number of persons, who year after year, were committed to the prison of Newgate, who had been previously convicted,aadyeceived summary pipishmene. In 1835 there was convicted within the jurisdiction of the Court 1,918 persons ; 627 were acquitted, and against 261 no bills were found. Now out of that number 137 had been before conv i cte d at t h at C ourt , an d no l es s than 465 bad been before imprisoned upon summary convictions before Ma gistrates. In 1836 there were 2,190 persons convicted within the jurisdiction of the Court; there were tried and acquitted, in addition to that number, 594, and against 331 no bills were found : now out of that number 204 had been before con victed, and 697 bad been imprisoned by summary conviction. In 1837 2,292 persons were convicted, 564 acquitted, and 175 against whom no bills were found : of that number 214 had been previously convicted at that place, and 763 bad been imprisoned by summary con viction. In the present year 1,640 had been convicted, 402 ac number i tte d, 23 a 0 nd ha d a g h e a i e n n s t h e l fo s r B e e n o o n v b i i e l t l sb e d a b i nd that u tn Court, ; a n o d f that i G m r p a r n i s d o j ri n e d r y by wi t h s u t h m e m s e a ry facts o i n n v i e e r t d i con. . to show,ll h a n d o t troubled d n h g e the statements of some persoas that transportation was too h im a r p s r h i s f o o n r in t e h n e generality o totally f offences,inefficacious hta t for the the present prevention system of crime. He trusted that in any alteration that might be made in the jurisdiction of the Central Criminal Court, the facts he had now stated would be borne i n m i n d , and that from them it would be seen that imprisonment al one h a d been ineffectual in and the Court p roceede d to preventing The Grand thepge e Jury ro thenr s sof retired, cri m. swear in the Petty Jury. MR. ROEBUCK.—Bath is about presenting to its late Member a testimonial of the regard in which he is held by the inhabitants, and a superb dinner service of silver is largely subscribed for. Mr. O'CONNELL AND THE PEOPLE OF IRE LAND.—We have received to-day from Dublin the Pilot, in which paper is published Mr. O'Connell's second letter to the people of Ireland. We regret that the demands on our space prevents its appearance in our column s to. d ay, CHURCH RATES. There is no end to the Church rate oppression. theyy a p arish rate,atofw h Orton ich lately,on lyfive persons at tended a vestry meet t ended : three voted against the rate, an d two for it (one of was called to In le the latter being at the time a little befoozl ed in drink, and the other having no legal right to vote). Notwithstanding this, the churchwardens levied the rate. Mr. Stordy, one of the Society of Friends, refused to pay the rate, and was sum moned before the Magistrates at Carlisle to enforce the pay ment. He still refused, and a levy was made upon his goods. The claim made upon him was for 4s. 2d., and for the pay ment of this, two bushels of barley, worth 295., were seized and sold, and the proceeds taken to sup Fort the Church, and pay the expenses. Do the Clergy still wonder that the Church is looked upon as an engine of oppression by the great bulk of the people ? Carlisle Journal. SERIOUS ACCIDENT.-011 Wednesday last, as Mr. Hudson, brother to Mr. Charles Hudsor, of Blythe, was returning from Marnham fair, his horse fell with him when near Retford, and he had his thigh fractured in two places. LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-(THIS DAY.) DEAL, SEPT. 15.—Wind E., fine.—Came down yesterday and sailed, the William Forster, Young, for Monte Video. The Commodore, for the Mauritius, remains. 16.—N. N. E., moderate.—Came down from the River last night and sailed, the Resource, Boyle, for Sydney ; Providentia, Hoare, for Lisbon ; Jackson, Jackson, for Jamaica; William Forster, Tragle, for Cadiz ; Camoena, Baird, for Trieste ; and the Belgium barque Jean Kig, Hintens, from Antwerp to Ha vannah, and proceeded. Pormstowrx, SEPT. 15.—Wind S. S. E., very light, line. 16.—Airs fine.—Arrived the Royal Sovereign, from Bata via ; Marianne, from Dantzic ; Conservative, Mew, from Dantzic ; and her Majesty's ship Apollo, from Dublin. Arrived off, the Henry Davidson, from Jamaica. Sailed the Duke of Buccleugh, Close, for Bengal; and Boa dicea (transport), for Cork and Malta. PLYMOUTH, SEPT. 16.—Wind S.—Arrived off, the Bril liant, for Sydney, New South Wales. Sailed the Victoria, for Llanelly and Malta. FALMOUTI, SEPT. 14. —Wind W. S. W., light breezes, thick weather. 15. —Wind S. to E. S. E, moderate breezes, and fine.—Arrived the Albion, Cook, from Palermo ; Pandora (packet), from the West Indies. Sailed from St. Thomas's on the 25th ult. on freight 9,0001. sterling, the Braganza (steamer), for Gibraltar and Cadiz; left on the 7th inst ; Lisbon, 1 lth ; Oporto and Vigo, 12th. Arrived off, the Camilla + Henley, from Jamaica. Sailed the Mina, Doff, from Seville; Lady Bassett, Hogg, from Alicant. LIVERPOOL, SEPT. 15. —Wind E. S. E., moderate. li. Light and variable, thick weather.—Arrived the Louisa, M'Kellar, from Trinidad ; Columbiana, Clark, from New Or leans ; Juliana, from Havannah. Sailed the Shakspeare, Collings, for New York ; Thetis, Brown, for St. John's, New Brunswick; Germania, Trettin,: for Riga; Xylon, for New York ; John Peat, Leslie, for Smyrna ; Brenda, Simpson, for Halifax ; Alexander Grant, Thornton, and Bengal, Tinton, for Mobile : Albion, Huggins, for St. John's, New Brunswick; Powhattan, Griffith, for Baltimore. CREEK, SEPT. 16.—Arrived the Herald, Scaddon from Mo gadore; Vesper, Hicks, from Marseilles. RAMSGATE, EPT. 16.—Arrived off port, Fanny, Voss, from Wismar ; Ferdinand, Hoff, from ditto ; Carolina, Jo hanna, from ditto. DOVER, SEPT. 16.—Arrived off port, the Hazard, Sampson, from St. Jago de Cuba. HASTINGS, SEPT. 16.—Arrived off port, the Peter, Proctor, from Sydney, New South Wales; The Duke of Manchester, from Jamaica. COWES, SEPT. 16.—Arrived the H. and M., Elderts, from Rio Janeiro. OFF THE WIGHT, SEPT. 16.—Arrived the Asia, Treman, from Batavia. DARTMOUTH, SEPT. 16.—Arrived off port, the Bolivar, Brauvais, from St. Thomas's. BRISTOL, SEPT. 16.—Arrived the Lavinia, Escott, from Jamaica; Eliza, Boy, from Cadiz. GUERNSEY, SEPT. 14.—Arrived Kirstine Marie, Dantzic. JKa%ET. SEPT I4.—Arrived the Kron Prinsden, from Go thenburgh ; St. George, Moore, from Havannah ; Apollo, Le Valeur, from Labrador. KINSALE, SEPT. I4.—Arrived off port Amelia, Jamaica. DUBLIN, SEPT. 15. —Arrived the Union, Elder, from Pictou; Unterneming, from Memel. WATERFORD, SEPT. 14.—Arrived the Velocity, Roberts, from Trinidad. CORK, SEPT. 14.—Arrived the Sir Allan M'Nab, from Richebucto; Spermaceti, Allen, from Miramichi. Arrived off port the Breakwater, Pearce, from Miramichi. GLOUCESTER, SEPT. 16. Arrived the Charles, Goodwin, from St. John's, N. B. HULL, SEPT. 1 (1. —Arrived the Charlotte, Wilhcla, from Pillau ; Francis Dorothea, from Memel. s..—Brodres, Jen nepen, from St. Petersburgh • Lee (steamer), Hamburgh. GOOLE', SEPT. 16.—Arrived the City of Carlisle (steamer), from Hamburgh. A LDBOROUGH, SEPT. 16.—Arrived off port the Auguste, Lempke, Rostock; Oden, Leister, from Bjornborg. SOUTH W OLD —Arrived off port the Castor, Sovelius, from Bjornborg ; Des Gloria, Niemen, from Rostock ; Elizabeth and Sarah, Robson, from Miramichi. SWANAGE, SiPr. 15.—Arrived off port the Wilton Castle, Cannay, from Jamaica. TORDA T, SEPT. 15.—Arrived off, the Star, Letter, from Rio Janeiro. WHITEIZAVEN, SEPT. 15.—Arrived the Alexander, Reed, from New Brunswick ; Elizabeth, Mossop, from ditto; British Queen, from Antigua. CLYDE, SETT. 14. Arrived the Mozambique, Cronk, from St. John's, New Brunswick ; William, M'Millan, from Que bec ; Rolla, Wallace, from Nassau. MONTROSE, SEPT. 14.—Arrived, the George, Henderson, from St. Petersburgh ; Thetis, Watts, from ditto ; Scotsman, Mearns, from ditto. ABERDEEN, SEPT. 14.—Arrived, the Gyen Gangeren, from Riga; Syrene, Wass, from Dantzic. The Jacobs, Nickhoff, from Amsterdam, put into Delfzyl leaky, and must discharge ; bound to London. The Kara, from Jacmel, put into Gondives previous to the 9th ult. leaky, and cargo discharging. MONEY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS 617'Y (Tills DAY), TWELVE O'CLOCK. A Jamaica mail arrived by the Pandora, sailed on the 18th August, St. Thomas on the 25th August ; also a Gibraltar mail, by the Braganza, sailed on the 7th Sept., Cadiz 7th, Lisbon 11th, Oporto 12th, Vigo 12th. By the above con veyance we have received Jamaica papers to the 15th of Aug. THE FUNDS. Consols, which closed on Saturday at 94i + for Money, and 9441 j for the Account, opened this morning at 941 4 for the Account, since which they may be quoted at 944 4. Ex chequer Bills, 70 72 ; India Bonds, 71 73 ; Bank Stock, 208} 204 ; India Stock, 268 k 2691. In the Foreign Market, Spanish Active, which closed on Saturday at 19 has receded to 19i s ; Portuguese, 351 3EI; Three per Cents., 23} ; Brazilian, 831 84i; Mexican, 23 24; Dutch Tivo-and-a-Hal We have numerous arrivals this morning; the one of most importance is that from Jamaica, rthich brings the result of the Ist of August, which passed off well on that day, since which it appears that the negroes have demanded higher wages, and refused to work on several estates. No news of importance from Lisbon ; all was tranquil. PRICES OF STOCKS THIS Bank Stock 2 per Cent. ...... •••• ••• 3 per Cent. Cons. 91% 4 3% per Cent.— .......... Ditto Ito-' New 3% per Ce-t New 5 per Cent.. Bank LongAnnuitiestoexpire Jan. 5, 1860 Oct. 10, 1859 — Jan. 5, 1860 Jan. 5, 1880 April 5, Jan. 5, 1870 PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS Austrian Bonds . Belgian Bonds lo3q Ditto Account . Brazilian Bonds I. ......... ....• Ditto Account Buenos Ayres Bonds Ditto Account C Bonds. Ditto Account ......... Columbian Bonds Ditto Account Columbian Bonds, 1824. Ditto Account Dinish Bonds 77 6 - 5 Ditto Account Greek Bonds Ditto Bonds, 1825 Ditto Account . Mexican Bonus, 5 per cent — Ditto Account Ditto, 6 per cent. Ditto Account Neapolit3n..« ...... ..... i DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK Lidia Stoek 265% Ditto Bonds South Sea Stuck Old Annnities I New Ditto 92 3 per Cent. Annuities, 1751 — Exch. Bills. £1,000........ 72 73 orr. Ditto 500 — pm. Ditto Small ... 73 1 pm. Ditto Commercial Ditto Advertised pm. Bank Stock for Account India Stock for Account — Consols for Account THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Peruvian lionds Ditto Account Portuguese Bonds Ditto New Bonds. . 353 Ditto Account Ditto, 3 per 22% 3 Ditto Account Pru :dal] Bonds Russian Bonds, 1822 ll2 4 12 Ditto Account Ditto Metallic ........ ........ Spanish Bonds Ditto Account Ditto Bonds, Ins Ditto Account l9 4 19 French, 5 per cent.......... —t. 4 per cent. --f. —c. 3 per cent —f. —c. Exchange Dutch, 2% per cent 53% Ditto Account 53% % Ditto, 5 per cent 102% % Ditto Account 102% PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Paid. Per Share. British Iron Company 5O 10% 10 Candonga Mining Company 7% 7 Eastern Counties Railway 7% 5% Great Western Railway Company 65 78 9% Brighton Railway Company ll 8 34 34 34 Anti Dryrot Company ~ 17% 13% Asphalte, Claridge's Patent 2 Do British 1 Bitumen, Bastenne and Gaujac Do. Pelonceau 2 Galvanized Iron Company Thames Oxford Steam Trow Company 1 27i I 93 iii 3% 1%% HALF-PAST ONE. Consols, which were firm, in the early part of the morning, at 94/ f for the Account, receded to 944; for Money, 94, with little doing. Exchequer Bills, 72 70, lower ; India Bonds, 73 ; Bank Stock, 2081 2091 ; India Stock, 265 i. In the Foreign Market, Spanish Stock has receded from the morning price of 194 to 19; Portuguese, 35f ; Three per Cents., 22i 21; Mexican, 23 24 ; Danish, 761; Dutch Two and-a- Half per Cents., 531 ; Five per Cents., 1021 1. In Shares ♦ery little doing. Great Western, 14i prem. ; Brighton, 2i dis. 771 REE O'CLOCK. Consols for Account, 941. The Wilts Independent states, on the authority of a Correspondent, that " Lord Methuen has given the sporting , upon the whole of his extensive and well-stocked game pre serves to this tenantry, who have nearly all taken out game certificates. Not one keeper is now kept to carry a gun; even the preserves round the house and the parks are thrown open to his tenants to sport over." DREADFUL ACCIDENT.—On the 3d instant, as a party from Topsham were going to Sidmouth, just as they passed Pcak Hill, the vehicle upset, and one gentleman was thrown with such violence, that his skull was much fractured and his thigh broken. Every assistance was rendered him, but we lament to say that be remains in a dangerous state. One or two persons were also slightly injured. We have not heard the cause of the sad catastrophe. A LITERARY OFFICE.—It is a singular fact, that of about forty clerks at the General Register Office, Somerset (louse, nearly one-half have been, or are at present, either in dividually or by relationship, connected with literature and the arts. The head of the establishment, the Registrar-Gene ral, is himself well known as the author of several elaborate works. Among the clerks above referred to may be mentioned the sons of Dr. Carey, Sheridan Knowles, and Mrs. Thomp son ; the sons and nephews of Leigh Hunt, Westall, and Mor ton ; the brother of Miss Martineau ; tw o or t h ree ci-divant new spaper editors and reporters, and others immediately con nected with the periodical PlT$3. If talent 4nd genius were hereditary, the Register Office would perhaps present a con centration of the literati, greater than any other office under Government.—Hertford Reformer. The General Steam Navigatio n Company's packet, t h e Giraffe, from Rotterdam, arrived off the Custom-house yea:crday, and the Neptune, from Hamburg, this morning. THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.) CORN-EXCHANGE. The past week's arrivals of British Grain and Flour were moderate, and of Foreign Wheat considerable. The Wheat trade had a tendency to advance on Friday last ; other arti cles remained as on the previous Monday. This morning there has been a short fresh supply of all descriptions of Corn, and a good attendance of buyers. The Millers quickly took off all the best parcels of English Wheat at 2s. to 3s. per quarter advance on the. terms of last Monday. Foreign fine Wheat experienced a like improvement, and considerable sales were made, chiefly to country buyers. The duty will be 2s. Bd. on Thursday next. Barley sold at the rates last quoted. Old Beans were rather dearer ; New are unaltered. Boiling Peas are 3s. per quarter higher, and Grey rather exceed last week's terms. The transactions in Oats are limited, but the trade remains firm at previous rates. There is a fair demand for Flour at former quotations. PRICES ON BO Wheat, Red (old) 583. 655. ----White (01d).,. 60s. 703. ----Red ; . l838) 5OB. 565. ---,-- Fine 583 603. -- Superfine 623. 645. ----White (1838) 525. 565. ----- Fine 695. 638. --- Superfine 645. 68s. .-- Foreign free 558. 725. Rye 365. 38s. Barley 325. 345. - Grinding 303 345. -- Malting 345.373. Malt 463. 545. •--- Fine New 565. 625. Pease, Grey, New 345. 363. -- Maple New 35% 395. --- White.... ............ -Ms. VBs. ARD OF SHIP. Beans, Small (new) 36, 38s (old) 42s.4ts. Tick (new) 34s 3fis. (old) 355.375. Harrow (new) 345.365. (old) 38s. 40i. Brank 32e.365. Oats, Feed New 205.253, Poland New 24s. 28s. Potatee 275.30 • vew 275.30'. --. Scotch 285.32, Irish 20s. Flour Town (per sack) 566.60 . seconds 50,511. —...,.... North Country 454.52: ---- Boilers 425. 45, 1 Ban 9 10, ARRIVALS OF GRAIN IN LONDON DURING LAST WEEK. Wheat. ' Barley. oats. I Flour. E ng li s h Irish - ---- 4,030 Foreign - 4,010 SMITHFIELD MARKET. 81 brls. The supply was good, but the beasts were principally infe rior, and Beef of that kind is 2d. per stone lower. Prime sorts cannot be quoted higher than 3s. Bd. to 4s. No varia tion in Lamb or Mutton. Veal dull, and has declined 2d. per stone since last Monday. Altogether, business was dull. Beef, 3s. to 4s. ; Mutton, 3s. 10d. to 4s. 6d. ; Veal, 4s. 4d. to ss. ; Pork, 4s. 2d. to ss. 2d. ; Lamb, 4s. 6d. to ss. 4d. Beasts 3,856, Sheep and Lambs 28,410, Pigs 556, Calves 155 FISH MARKET. There was a great scarcity of good Fish to-day, and prices of such descriptions were high. Turbot, ss. to 255. ; Soles, 10d. to 3s. per pair; Lobsters, 10d. to 3s. each ; Salmon, 9d. to Is. 3d. per lb. In St. Peter's-alley, Cornhill, we saw some fine salmon weighing 40 lbs each. Cod, 3s, and 4s. to 10s. for good. No great demand. HOP MARKET. Not much doing; indeed we may say that:there is nothing. Prices cannot be quoted with any certainty. The picking prcgresses satisfactorily, and the dutyis 155,000/. to 160,000/, DRY SALTERY ICIARKET. Brimstone continues to be very active at Marseilles, from which place we have news to the 11th inst. During the pre vious week above 5,000 tons had been bought on speculation, at fully former rates, and even higher. This fact may serve as an answer to those who would represent the monopoly in Sicily as being weakened, and not likely to last. PROVISION MARKET. The stocks of provisions are heavy, but the market is very sluggish in every department—prices are without variation. SPIRIT MARKET. The high prices of Brandy continue to be the most promi nent matter in this market. For general runs of Cognac 4s. Bd. is asked: but is obtained in a few instances only. Nothing fresh in any other kind of spirits. TALLOW MARKET. P. Y. C. to-day, is b3s. on the spot and for delivery ; but little doing. The stock of P. Y. C. is about 9,700 casks. METAL MARKET. _ . The only novelty in this department is the sale by private contract of 100 tons of Spanish lead, reported to be under 181., but the exact price has not transpired. COLONIAL MARKETS. Nothing done to-day, and the sales advertised for the week are not heavy at present. There appears to be a speculative disposition towards spices. For to-morrow we have public sales of Sugar, 1,000 boxes Cuba ; 412 Havannah ; 1,600 bags Mauritius ; and 130 casks Barbadoes. Coffee--224 casks and 123 bags Cuba ; 2,000 Brazil ; 43 bales Mocha ; 100 bags East India, 9d per lb. duty. Cocoa 60 barrels, 50 bags Tri- nidad, Saltpetre 1,101 bags. Ginger, GO bags Malabar. Cassia 300 chests, and some very small parcels of Nutmegs and Mace; and 4,500 bags Bengal Rice. NEWCASTLE CORN MARKET, SEPT. 15, Our supply of Wheat was small at this day's market from the growers, and the fresh coasting arrivals also moderate; but owing to the number of foreign samples offering, and fine wea ther, the trade rated dull throughout, at a reduction of Is. to 2s. per quarter, on last Saturday's prices. Oats, though in moderate supply, scarcely maintained last week's rates. Rye was in very limited request, though offered Is. to 2s. per quar ter cheaper. New Barley sold on rather lower terms, and old samples could only be disposed of for grinding purposes. Malt also was the turn lower, and the finest samples could only support our quotations. In Beans and Pease we had little alteration. Flour is exceedingly dull, and our millers having made a further reduction in their prices, lower terms will have to be submitted to next week. Wheat, Northumberland - Narfolk anti Suffolk Berwick and Scotch Foreign Rye, Norfolk and Suffolk —Foreign New. Old. 55.. 65s —s. s.l 61s. 665 -s. 575. tills —s. —s. ---s. —s. 345. 284 —s. —s. I —S. —S —S. —S. Barley, Malting, Norfolk and Suffolk 30;. n. 5....... —s. —a. Grinding and Feeding 2os. 31s. Malt, Norfolk and Suffolk 55; 59; —s. —F. Beans, Small —s. —5„.,,,, 40c 40s. Tick —s. s 3O;. 41s Pease, White 385. 425...... —s. —F. -- Gray Ti's 40s —B. --s. Oats, Northumberland, Potatoe 26;. 20s. —s- --s• Feed Foreign Flour (per sack) 47s —, —s. —5 , s. 51e -s. --S. MANCHESTER CORN MARKET, SEPT. 15.—The duty on Wheat having at length reached the minimum point of Is. per quarter, the whole of the stock of Foreign Wheat and Flour hitherto in bond (equal to upwards of 1,000,000 of quarters of Wheat) is now free upon the market. Contrary to general expectation, however, and in the face not only of this large supply but of very fine weather, considerable busi ness has been doing during the week among consumers (whose stocks were reduced to a mere trifle), and prices of Foreign Wheat, instead of declining, have advanced 2d. to 3d. per bushel on last Saturday's quotations. In the value of other articles we do not observe any very particular altera tion, but for each there has been a fair inquiry. Sup plies of British produce, either old or new, continue light. Considerable progress is now making in the harvest of the later districts of the kingdom, and where thrashing has com menced the opinion that the yield of Wheat is defective seems to be gaining ground. From Poulton• in-the- Fylde the ac counts are very unfavourable. An improved feeling was manifest at both Liverpool and Wakefield yesterday, and at both markets considerable business was done in Wheat at full prices. W. have a good attendance at this day's market. A fair business is doing in Wheat at about 3d. advance on fine Foreign Wheat; in English there is little alteration. For Flour there is a. moderate sale at last week's rates, and a con siderable quantity is offering. New Meal is scarce, and the best qualities of old go off in retail quantities at our quota tions, Beans being rather cheaper. Malt continues flat, but without alteration in value. DIRBY ' SEPT. 14.—Our Corn Market was well attended, and sales for Wheat were brisk. Sale of Oats, Beans, and Barley were flat. Best Wheat, 665. to 68s. ; Oats, 21s. to 28s. ; Barley, 31s. to 355. ; Beans, 445. to 465. THE GOLDEN SUN, AND THE► SOULT AND WELLINGTON SUN.—We were favoured with copies of these truly beautiful publications a post or two before any others were received here ; and to show the high estimation in which hey were held, we may state that we were importuned to part with them at the ransom of five shillisgs each. —Ayr Observer. Lord and Lady Willoughby d'Eresby are enter taining a gay party at their romantic chateau, Drummond Castle, in Perthshire. The visitants comprise many of the young noblemen forming sporting parties on the moors. The sparts of the field occupy the mornings ; cards, music, and a dance in the evenings. Lady Saltoun - will entettain a distinguished party at Ness Castle, Inverness, this week. The party will chiefly consist of the nobility and gentry attending the northern meet ing. The Duke and Duchess of Richmond, Earl March, and a large circle, are invited. Lord Salt oun i s th e p ermanent steward, and Lord Levet, Hon. William Fraser, Sir F. Mac kenzie, Sir Colin Mackenzie, Sir John Rose, Mr. R. Macleod, M.P., Mr. F. Mackenzie, M.P., &c., are included in the list of stewards. Owing to the great number of fashionables at present in that part of Scotland, it is expected to be better at tended than for many meetings past. Lord Cecil Gordon, son of the Marquis of Huntly is returning home from Ind'a, having been appointed to a Company in the 42d Regiment. General Lord Bloomfield, G.C.8., the new Go vernor and Commandant at Woolwich, has arrived in Dublin, on his way to Tipperary, to bring over his establishment to this country. His Lordship had the honour of dining with the Marquis of Normanby and his Staff at Dublin Castle on Mon day last. Major Dickson has been appointed additional As sistant Adjutant-General to the troops serving in Canada, and Lieut.-Col. Bazalgette has been appointed Major of Brigade to Lieut.-Gen. Sir Colin Campbell, K. C. 8., Lieutenant- Governor of Nova Scotia. Sir George Villiers, Ambassador at the Court of Madrid, is expected to leave town in a few days for the Spanish capital. Lord Foley and the Misses Foley are still i❑ Port man-square, but are about to depart on a tour. Mrs. and Miss Rothschild returned to their town residence in Piccadilly yesterday, for a short time. Mr. Conyers is entertaining a large t arty of sport ing gentlemen at Copt Hall, among whom are Lord De Lisle, Lord Petro, Sir John Tyrell, Bart„ Mr. Bramston, 11. P., Mr. Abbott, and Mr. Hanbury. - The Duke and Duchess of Sutherland and suite are expected at Stafford House to-morrow, on their was ti., the Continent Their Graces ~i, ill visit the Queen ac i d the Du6ess of Kent at Windsor Castle, ere Ow) depart fo r P ar i s. Lord Crernorlte Ot4rned his majority on the nth i n st. The auspicious event was celcl,;;ted by public r e -. joicings on the extensive estates 0 the l'iible Lord at Castle Dawson, in the County of Monaghan. Tee title of rut! young Peer being Irish, he does not sit in the liguse of Lord. • CORN-LAW FALLACIES, WITH TI ANSWERS. (Continued from The Sun of Wednesday.) , 20.—The colonial system is ANSWER.—The pr inciple, founded upon the principle, again, of the Morning Cho that our own industry, whether nide making his own sh oes, at home or abroad, is to obtain e i t h er i n hi s o wn bureau, or a decided preference over that of other nations.—Blackwood's struck out from a cornet ot n" Edinburgh Magazine for Sept. in a colonial establishnteiot. office. 18.38. Article The Reciprocity and Colonial Systems. 21.—The reciprocity sys- A.—What is founded but ciple, is founded on the prin- this principle, is not ciple, that the great thing to " reciprocity" system, „ be considered is, where the the system of " free-trade: commodities . which we re quire can be purchased cheap- fou cat; that if they can be got ataimed et' But the principle n ended a lower rate from other States on something else. The reciprocity sy.stern whatever the system fou ue : r i than our own trans-marine ever hesitation what- on it, is this. A rides c ' e ever should be felt in prefer- B's omnibus for sis P en ing the cheap merchant in the same distance that foreign States. —ld. who is a hackney-eoac,._r man, would convey him WI, half-a-crown. ``Wha t , f ib to ly," cries a citizen of the old school, " to encourag e 11 take money out of C's pocket, when it is evident that gain to A is balanced by loss to C, and the public in t it . aggregate has no interest in the matter." " Stop," 5a3 1.0f " I laid out the two shillings with D for an extra Pi n " to wine, which 1 guess was as good for trade when give n D as to C, and my stomach tells me I am better by e_ actly the pint of wine." Here then was the blunder of 1.1!: ancient citizen ; he forgot that after a balance to trade is the aggregate in all other quarters, the trader A who the consumer, is to gain two shillings' worth or lose it.. nt " But there is a weighty point behind," cries the one le n citizen ; " the omnibus is altogether a French cotter, the owner lives at Boulogne, and for every ride you taleif; you pay to him." Says A, " That makes no difference ; t cF , Boulogne man must be paid, either with English ge, O .; or with foreign goods (silver and gold included), vr":, have been bought with English goods ; and I guess t, a 4 ",,' E the maker of those English goods, is as much oblige°,7e me to the amount of sixpence, as would have been, h t " t owner of the omnibus if he had lived in Holborn. IN `:,,, a t you want, I see, is to persuade me to go without mY of wine." 22.—The vital point which A.—A great truth , b,i, 3 11 91 ; separates these two systems is, ever it came there. Le r whether the ruling powers in vital question is, w het the dominant state be the pro- the producers who standl.° ducers or the consumers.—ld. the place of the haelcaere coachman C, are to tc 4l ' d away the pints of wine from A, it b e i ng f ur ther under ste°, that they at the same time take away trade to an - . 0 . smount from the vintner D, and to the amount of th e er maining sixpence either from the English omnibus owieut B, er the English trader E who s uppli es the good s ta directly or indirectly go to Boulogn e , if the ontaib lis de French. In other words, the questio n i s , whether tr g tb , shall be so conducted as to m a ke th e t r od er 'who is a consumer, lose his pint of wine at every turn; /r rithll , °n te the smallest gain to the re s t o f t ra d e i n the agrf;r` „l : e thereby, and for the sole cha nce , th ere f ore , of v:na t 5-111 trades may pick from one another in the scramble. ir 23.—The producers, whe- A.—Everybody i s f° h r f te tiler of grain, of butcher meat, bind everybody,- and t" -ci tio of manutextures, or of shipping,into ing the pint of wine besides great maintain that the sea at every turn pc' ip great object of Government • to The corn-grower is a d should be to give encourage ment to your own industry, crease the price of correouce and prevent the rivalry or levy the differenoo ho is competition of Foreign States from the consumer , from encroaching upon or in. the manufacturer, an d juring your domestic farmers over again in the sh e F - d e rg and manufacturers.—ld. loss of businessto t h e to me with whom the co nse rni would have laid out that value if h e h a d h a d it left. Ana the manufacturer is to increase the price of enanufa ctu w er goods, and levy the difference, once from the c orn-r ; lo p who is the consumer, and once more in the shape ° nr to the traders with whom the consumer would ha ste to pended it, as before. And noodles from both sides r un & meet together, and call this " mutual p r oteetion ii " encouraging your own industry ;" themselves, al :4.0 c1 while, composing the co nsumers w h o are to lose. Of Governments are to be called on to support this sY s " 0m carrying on trade at the greatest possible aggregate loss' or, 24. Under this system, A.—Secure to the fr e o and by these ideas, the corn- sting chronicle the b el ' ote mercial policy of the country of his own trade and al e has been conducted for 170 factures cind consunwObia years before 1820. The ob- by forcing bins tom a ke hu ll of legislation, in all its n when he rhoe'er banches, was to secure to own shoes, get them cheaper by duo their own subjects the benefit of their own trade and manu- change of his own pre factures and consumption, and out of doors. . - to shut out, as much as pos sible, the competition of fo reign States. —ld. , • 25.—T0 cement an d secure A. --The oav l g t ati t o o this immense domi n i on , two Laws were an attempt by principles were early adopted strengthen the coun try a° and steadily acted upan by b • • Th e the British Government. The . they were worth. at t he first of these was to maintain, . fact, t b trf by the utmost exertion of the buying sailors at me" t y jumped the COn I, national resources, a great and powerful navy * * [and se- naval power of ~' o l y o, condly, the Government] by a multiplying the sailor ;roe; steady system of policy err- but on multiplying 1"0. Pavel does not depend . , 2: l i r o-Alt deavoured to give our own ral wealth by wbie". d 011. seamen an advantage over war must be eal or s by those of forei gn nat i ons i n the Hence, to increase st,li'wealth supply of th e h ome mar k et. a loss to the genera' baying It was on this principle that of the counery, was the the celebrated Navigation witho u t t o " the mustard . tie° Laws of England were found. ed, the leading objects of of —. s tare - quantity ,..- which were to secure to ourob' own ships and seamen exclu- expense of beef , t br, . beef," or a disprOPl a t ere sively the trade with our co- The account o f ew. , Lay° lonies, and between our col°. jects of the Naviga I v i e r d e .' vies and foreign States, and to is good. The " l ie "' valle y give greater advantages to ties" spoken °d 4r . e j u atiog our own sailors than those of tally called diser lra other nations enjoyed, by im- duties. posing a heavier duty on goods 3 0 4 ' brought in foreign vessels nu 12 tO than in those which were built in our own harbon,r s ' f a ill e 6 ,', 0 gated by our own seamen. And also, in manY i l l„ s " - far e ers ' allow smaller drawbacks upon articles ex ported L'" than those exported in British ships.—ld. a great 26.—Whatever objections ' ll that 133 may be stated on theory to demonstrated Was; ovier this system, there can be no British wealth an :f il it, s . question that experience had 3 . • te ot '" ssi hart risen in spite demonstrated its practical ex- the Bret' aifb British naval and colonial pedience, as it had raised the for " spreading e or° b i o race and languag ' o bi° • t powers in no very long period, from inconsiderable begin. globe," small thanks tbe ea, tot nings, to an unparalleled state if this was done a t ortions' every quarter of the irs f o r I' of grandeur and power, and pense of a diepreP a bar laid the foundation for the in- quantity of evitable spread of the British : piness at home. race and language through every quarter of the habitable ,r globe. —ld. ci •ty Ivo d 27. —The reciprocity sys. I.—Th° " l te o de oaf° s h e tern is founded upon principles . s a aairt c ~, a diametrically the reverse of system i s. trade , tbe these. The principle on with the " free J.., %liar rip' which it rests is, that, how- the " free trade" The is ever advantageous such a re- " reciprocity; free trade 1/ strictive system might have ciple on which _ do e- _ se been when other nations chose politic, has uo dep_u_ ce bou .e wealth to to submit to it, it necessarily whether other nattu o yi ; a ny became detrimental as soon as to retaliate or l e av ing ' 9 . foreign States resolved to as- Inc" e than our is ‘,. l c• sort their independence, and r faces' i froe r° noses on our f o re .o,. ke , threatened us with measur e s of retaliation ; and that the pendent upon,_ the city,,o moment the resolution to adopt choosing to „ eu rec ipro: eit such measures was seriously What the will be see entertained and acted upon by system was, wifollor.4' other States, there was no from what next alternative but to embrace a .„ the e°°. genuine fair reciprocity sys tem, or to submit to see ourselves excluded f ro m 0. mores of the greater part of the civilized w orld. _ oa 0: 28.—Mr. Port er , i n hi s A. This is a be g' „ r oc'• late v a l ua bl e stat i st i ca l publi, count of wha t t as o r I s ' cation (" Progr ess o f tht ; Na_ r city" system /1 reb ll43- tion"), thus explains th e Reci. l lt i ° s a little peddlil:ghe prin procity Acts, (4 G eo . Iv . c. on se nsib le 77, and 5 Geo, IV, e. 1. ) lion, f o u n de d, no . a g 'Die of not do' n" Ava st , " These Acts authorised his el . own a " „ . 11 aB. Majeaty, by Order in Council, thing for our b e w l s a e s ' 1 1 , $ t e r p , to permit the importation and exportation of goods in foreign another. • b t rig' a ' ak en ‘ vessels, on payment of the in the rig id be ' coul d when duties as were chargeable haps all that c unless somenuetdYit and 'ti when imported in British yes- at the time. ho over , countries as should not levy ads, in favour of all such Th e great poin t ' , Oaf/ t 0,,,, to discriminatinm duties upon.syste..tea goods imported into tho: coml.- the reciprocity,._., tho sr tries in British , ':essels ; and be mistaken for further, to : av y op en th e yes. of free trade. eels • r A such countries, when veg s e' s ' frequenting British ports, the on Br itish fru by same tonnage.duties as are chargeable in this place, is at o the C" Jp° ll A power was, on the iler hand, given . I a l dudes 1 . 0 these Acts of Parliament, to impose additorst any cc , L arr ioy , goods [in foreign ships] ar.d shipping sg eln ef the . , eir',P pl. velich oho 11,1 levy higher duties in the case co _ t „ Jo ; , engi n " nu nt of Briti,li vessels in the trade with tease u" a e lorit'Aig e- a ceS• Va.-J. From that moment it A.---/- r -, . seine r-- ast:C i ll was easy to foretell the aban- mation—wL