The Sun. — London, England, 1826-05-01 00:00:00

4 ~,, - e z /7 r / , ; , °'• / 7 " - • , • • \l * _4l+ .P. 14 r • ' Z/,2 fr• t o 0 4) / Lb CW: . • 4 " • 4 •• • , • „ k ...... 54% . 4t , . r . •-• . • ' kr \ v e, s ' 4" k , '''l9sll* CIL Ti 3t141.4):: 1,1 /,,,P.t.lT„,„' 0 1„ f j.. 6 - , • • Ntk t‘: 2.. - 0•01,-40 .. • tri " ov • e • _ • ".) • ~ ,t ; , 411 : 1 ‘ • . 0" f,e -...41111111 - , r 0,4••• 411 1*. % rfitt i• ' 1! , : 471 "N, 1:11 filar4 " 4B M -. . 3I A 1 4) _I , PRICE SEVEN7PENcE 4 . NUMBER 10,495 FINE CONGO TEA, ss. per lb. NRITRIDGE and CO. 91,- CHEAPSIDE, continue to supply the Public with TESS at 'LIDLESS LE PRICES. sod sliited Tea, at - - . 6s. Od. per it. main Coffee - I 6 - - - utch Ditto - - . - 2 0 finest B - - erbice - 2 4 - urkey - - 4 - - - ocoa, fresh roasted, ground or whole - 2 0 ... The Public are respectfully informed, that those wishing 'r Low Priced Teas can be accomodate with Black Tea at 1. 4d. per lb. (tt Corner o f Ironmon g er-lane. 'PATENT SASHES and DO 0 RS, JAMES. L TURNER, Carpenter and Builder; No. 46, Wr.I.LS 'MEET, Oxford-street, Sole Proprietor of a Patent lately nutted for an improved principle of constructing and hanging "olding Sashes usually called French Sashes, and Doors, by "hick the external air is exeluded, and rain water effectually ?Milted from penetrating into rooms, and admit of the best entilation. J. Turner, in offering them to the consideration Noblemen and Gentlemen, especially to Architects and !ado's, trusts they will be found to merit their entire Rpm ation—Doors and Sashes fixed, as aboVe, for inspection. 1. 1 CLARK'' GENERAL OUTFIrI'ING • WAREHOUSE, for the E AS'r and WEST IN. DIES suet SOUTH AMERICA, EXETER CtIADIGE, °ffi ccrhl Cadets, and Writers g oin g to India, and Gentle men proceeding to South - America, or any other part of 'the globe, will find in this Establishment the whole of their Lary Appointments, Swords, Chacos, Sashes, Belts, Pistols, &c. together with a large and well-manufaCture d stock of Sea Cots, Couches, and Bedding ; Cabin Wash-hand Tables, Chairs, and I.4 "Ws ; Sea Chests, Mule and Bullock Trunks, and every other description of Travelling •Equipage. AN ASSORTMENT OF CANTE ENS, ready fitted with the neees,:ary requisites for India , an d other tropical climates likewise a great variety of Silver and Plated Articles, Knives 'ma Forks, suitable for families going abroad ; Military and Ilindostanee Books, Maps, &c. A FASHIONABLE STOCK of Carriage, Cordele, Tan "(ln, Plrton, Stanhope and Chaise H ARNESS, with every description of Saddlery, &c. &c. for home use, East and West Indies, and South. America, which merit inspectiott from their excellent quality, first stile of wOficmanship, and moderate prices. Allthe Articles in thisEatablishment are warranted, and the excellent plan of fifty years standing is still strictly adhered to, 0 f asking but one heady Money. Price, from which no abate ment will he made. BISH The Last Man who can ever have the honour, singly as Contractor, to submit a Lottery to the British Public, has been more than usually anxious to 'tender this his Last Scheme worthy their approval. Government having arranged th e Last Lottery of all to be taken by the Office-keepers who uttially bid for a Lottery, and determined that BIM'S FAREWELL CON TRACT, L' e lng. the very Last. Lottery but One that can ever be offered must be all decided NEXT. WEDNESDA, (3d MAY). BISH entreats his " best friends, Y " the Public, to be early ‘TI their application for 'rickets and Shares, to partake of the SIX PRIZES of £21,000, &c. &c. forming an aggregate of ,e 337,000 1 . ALL TO BE DECIDED IN ONE DAY, NEXT WEDNESDAY, (3tl MAY). 1-I,,,Tiekets and Shares are se llin g at BMWS, the Contractor's , `"ces, No. 4, Cornhill, an d 9, Charing-Cross, and by his Apnts in all the principal Cities and 'r owns of tite United liingdorn. c , G REA T LUCK !—The tide of success continues to uniuterrupedly to BISIPS Offices—every drawing affords 144 4 , 11 the gruthication of annonncing that a very la r g e p ortion tltltthe Prizes have been sold by him. In the Lottery just he Shared and Sold several Capitals, including, TWO nrZES of .E 20,000 each, viz. 900 7,340 Class a Prire of 42,0, 10,004 Clain B, a Prize of .eO,OOO In the previous Lottery, which was all drawn 6th December last, INS II sold TWO of .£30,000 ! And in the Lottert immediately preceding, drawn on the 111th October last, • DISH Sold T I !HEE of .t 23,000 And within th • l a m,. El even Months, FISH FIVE £30,000, 'and ELEVEN h 0,600 ! miTLEitos FLUID EXTRACT OF SARSAPARILLA. rthis Preparation are concentrated all tlip Medicinal Properties of the Sarsaparilla Root, even t., 4 Perfect Saturation of the Menstrum svith which it Is pre- . _ pared. To such Persona, therefore, who, from raviolis causes, would experience great inconvenience, or with whom it would be utterly itupossible to prepare the Decoction, the Fluid Extract, which possesses the advantages of portability, and °I keeping in any climate, will be found a most desirable mode of employing this much-esteemed Medicine. The Diseases in which it has proved most beneficiAl ate those of the Skin, such as Scorbutic Affections, Eton-, lire Diseases, . Secondary Symptoms, &o. arising from a ells eased State of the System at large. It is taken in Water, ren•lering it of the same strength as the Decoction. Sold in Bottles at 4s. Gd., 7s, 3(1., and 295. by Butlers, Clic. !l!ists, 4, Cheapside, corner of St. Pant's, London ; 6 tt Sfick street, Dublin; an.l 73, Princes-street, Edinburgh: Carery and Co. 136 New Bond-street, anti 220, Rciterit . st reet; and 1,7 the principal Druggists throu g h o ut the United Kingdom. _ Of whom may lie bad BUTLER'S CITRATED KALI, a Prq ) aration for making Saline Draughts, recommended by the Profession for its convenience and certainty. In Bottles, at es. fad. ' 4a. ed., and B s . fid. *„. Ask for "Butler's Fluid Extract of Sarsaparilla.. " CLERGYMAN, Married, Beneficed, and residing a moderate distance from London, his Pupils limited to Six, would be glad to fill a VACANCY with a Gentleman's Son, whose Health or Education may require more than usual attention. betters to be directed for the Rev. H. S., Messrs. Harding and Lepard's, Booksellers, 4, Pall Mall East, London, will be duly forwarded. THE LAST BUT ONE. WIFT and CO. beg leave to remind th e Public ' K. that Lotteries are near their conclusion in this Country, and that SIX Prizes of 21,0001. are to be distributed by the Drawing of WEDNESDAY NEXT, 3d of MAY, which is the Last Opportunity but One of acquiring so large a Sum of Money by a very small adventure.. SWIFT and Co.'s Offices have been fortunate in the sale of Capital Prizes, particularly TWO of 30,0001. and TWO of 20 , 000 /. within th e last few N Months.—o. 11, Poultry, No. 1. Strand, adjoining Northutni , berland House, and 31, Aldgate High-street. THE ARMY. MONTHLY MILITARY OBITUARY. iditur.-G xtrruAL—Skinner, late of 56. F. London. CoLonims—Barclay, Grenadier Guards, Aide-de-Camp to the King ; Morrison, 44 F. ; Dunkin, 44 F. Dacca ; WMurdo, late of 31 F. London. Lucur.-CoLoNn,—Drurnmotd, h. p. Unatt. on board the Po mona, on passage to Jamaica. CAPTAINS—Grindlay, 54 F.: T. Murray, J 1 F. Up. Park Camp, Jamaica; Ross, African Col. Corps, Sierra Leone; Fare well, 1 Somerset Mil. Tours, France. LizirrxisAtrrs—Gregg, 30 F. ; Proctor, 39 F. in action with the Burmese ; Sutherland, 41 F. ditto ; Gossip, ditto, ditto ; Donaldson, 44 F. at sea ; Paton, 44 F. Arracan ; Carr, 44 F. Fort-William ; T. Fraser, 54 F. on board the ship David Clarke, ih Arrakan River ; Considine, 54 F. Bangalore ; W. Moore, 54 F. Arracan ; .1. G. Baylee, 87 F. in action with the Burmese ; Donald Turner, Afr. Corps, Sierra Leone; Bambrick, ret. list 2 Vet. Bn. Maryborough; M'Cartlry, ret. list 9 Vet. Bn. Devon port ; Jones, b. p. 81 F. Stafford ; Scipioni, h. p. Corsican Ran. Santa Maura ; Johnston, h. p. 50 F. at Keith, Banffshire ; Maul, h. p. Roll's Reg. SECOND LIEUT.-.-}I. H. White, Ceylon Reg. on passage to England. Et:sums—J. Campbell, 1 F. in action with the Burmese ; French, 5 F. St. Lucia; Sargeant, 64 F. ; Fergusson, '75 F. Stir ling ; Introino, h. p. 40 F. Malta. Patratasnus-Skene, h. p. 11ec. tiist. Durham ; Sir W. Ve". chell, (10. ADJUTANT-At W. Spence, 2 W. 1. n. Wita4LEN'a'NftsrTßrar;l4L'lnuall79ll;ii; 84nailk*".77-117 }ler° 'l%rd ' ' Assisr. -SURVI sox--Ralph, _ . 2 F. Colabah. VETERINARY SURGRON-Trigg, 2 Dr. Drr. ASSIST. CONI. GEN.—Darnant, Cape of Good . Hope. On Saturday morning wily, the 63d Regiments under the command of Lieut.-Col. Rourke, marched from Chat ham, and arrived at Dartford, where they were quartered during that night, and marched early yesterday morning for the metro , polis. They entered St. James's Park at one o'clock, and pro ceeded to Pimlico, Chelsea, • and their neighbourhood, where they were quartered during yesterday. This day they are to embark on board fly-boats at Paddington, to• go by the Grand Junction Canal; to proceed with all possible seed to Manchester. • The 2d battalion of the Coldstream Regiment of Guards are to embark also on 11y-boats to be conveyed to Manchester. Preparations were yesterday making for their departure at the Knightsbridge barracks, where they were cooking:provisions sufficient to last them three days ; they are to trayel and day. Four com panies of the 3d Regiment of Foot •Guards are to march from Windsor, to supply the : place of the 2d battalion of the Cold stream Regiment of Foot Guar& in the Knightsbridge-barracks, and to be in readiness to proceed to Blackburn or Manchester if necessity should require it.. On Monday last the Hon. Artillery Company ce lebrated the birth of his Majesty, their Captain-General, by a field-day in their own ground, and a dinner afterwards in the Armoury-house. His Royal Highness the Duke of Sussex, Co lonel of this ancient corps, took the command on the occasion, and honoured the members with his , company at dianer. His Royal Highness, after propoiing the King's health, which was drank with enthusiasm, sang the national anthem of " God save the King.* IMPORTANT TO FAMILIES THE BEST COMMENT on the Virtues and Renovating . Efficacy of Dr: SOLOMAN'S CELE IIRAT ED COR D IAL. BALM OF GILEAD is the Cer tainty that Ladies of Fshion and Respectability find it the.most E.,„tXescious Medical Restorative to be met with in various weaknesses peculiar to their Sex, gently throwing a genial warmth upon the debilitated and related frame, recruiting the decayed spirits, dissipating headache, dulness, and languor, anti creating a pleasing vivacity. The great extent to which it is used by the Sickly, the Nervous, and the Debilitated, proves its unrivalled merit; to thousands of whom it is daily affording relief,which no other Medi c i ne h as su ppli e d. To those whom early indulgence of - the Passions—Dissilm don.- or too great Reliance on Constitutional Strength, have been injurious ; to the Sufferer from Lowness of Spirits, Heavi ness of Mind, Deranged Stomach, Languor, and Incapacity for Exertion; to those in whom the Digestive and Nervous Systems have been•deranged, and consequently labouring under irregular anti painful action ; anti to those persons who have ruined their Constitutions, and brought on a perfect Tabes Dorsalis, by an immoderate indulgence of their passions; or in their way to the consummation of that deplorable Malady are affected with Weaknesses and the Obitruction of certain Eva cuations, this remedy is recommended from ample experience as the best restorative. _ _ A very important observation may be made in favour of this celebrated Medicine, that unless its operation Was gentle, safe, and, efficacious ; it could not have obtained the unexampled demand it has acquired ; for, as it has rarely the great advan tage of a persuasive advocate at the ear of the Patient, so no thing but his conviction of its virtues, by its salutary effects, can induce peiseverance, and yet reasonable perseverance is certainly most requisite to enable even the happiest combina- Chemicalx and Galenicals to root out chronic diseases and restore the valetudinarian to health. Much more might be *aid in ,ittst report of it; for great experience has shewn that none need despair, however dangerous their situation may be, *ben, so noble safe, and efficacious a remedy is offered for their relief. CAUTICiN....AII many Imitations of thii excellent Remedy 'ltsi3ll"Sale, the Public will be sure to ask for it " Dr. Solo. hasbdon's," and Look at the Stamp affixed to each Bottle, which ',Sam]. Solomon, Liverpool," engraven upon it: none other is genuine. Patients requiring; advice may obtain it by application to "Head-House, a ccompanied with a remittance pf a IL Note. To be had at Oilead.House, near Liverpool ; of Mr. John. Itort, f,B, Cornhill; -Mr. Sanger (late Bacon & Co.), 150, Ox fordstreet; Mr. Ward, Holborn; Mr. Henry Mackeill, 33, lialitecliapel f London ; and by all the principal Venders of Patent I&dicinest throu . ghout the United Kingdom, price 112. Prr Bottle, or four in one Family Bottle for 335. MONDAY EVENING, MAY 1, 18'26. trio, a colony is established on a rich tract of land, called the Neiderung. recovered by embarkment front the river. The•inha bitante were invited here on account of a persecution of the Pro-1 testents in Bavaria and the Palatinate, during tie reign of Prey-' derick the Great. The, are exempt front mast burdens, the soil iv hitehly fertile, and the district more resemble; some parts of Flanders than the other districts of Prnssia; - The properties are from six to twenty acres, but subdividing as the population in creases, as each of the sons share the land alike. It is thickly peopled, and must, of the produce is Cessomed on the spot where it grows. • A similar didrict "near Dantaic, on the banks of the Voiotia, called the Nehertinge exhibits "a similar pictore. The chief jabs -ISitants are a religious sect, called Menonitealwhose principks for bid them to become soldiers, from which they are excused, on condition of paying a higher rate of taxation. -' On the banks of the Niemen, and, in some other spew, are simi ler groups of small occupiers in tolerably easy circunistancw. They are, however, not a thirtieth part of the whole of the claw, and where they occur are only exceptions to the general de ".ip tion. As these people happen to be placed in spots of rare fertility, to be freed froth some imposts, and to be distinguiehed by their sobtiety, industry, and economy, they are going on increasing in numbers, till, in a few years, the division Oland will be so great as to cause the necessity of removal to testa peoPed distriete. The representation of the.dietressteletatts bf the aerie:elute - al lioa habitants of this part of the Prussian dominions, which has been here given, receives confirmation from the proceedings of the landschaft, or amenably of the provisional states of Prteria, en their last session. The address of the assembly has not been made public, but is said to haVe been framed in very melancholy strait's, aid to have urged the King to take,some riteaeuray. of a decided nature respecting the introduction of British goods, in order to induce our Government to make some alteration in the "Corn laws. Whatever may have been the representation of the states, the reply of the King, which has been published, gives e,n air of probability to the rumour~, that it had an object in some degree of this kind. " With rivard to the prayer for an intercession with the English Government to repeal the corn bill, his Majesty.expreit 'ed a hope, that to improve the intercourse between the two nations, a ehange will take place in the English corn laws."-a. Berlin, 26th November, 1825, from the Hamburgh paper, The Correspondent. One of the effects of the agricultural distress, which was vi- Sible in the condition of the inhabitants, seemed to ho a decrease in the cultivation of bread corn. . The replies of the President Rothe, (See Appendix, No. 11, B.), shows that on six farms, amounting together to 10,390 acres, ofwhich, eight years ago , 6926 acre s were cultivated with grain, there ate at present only 4864 acres applied to that purpose.— Mr. Gibson, his Majesty's consul at Dantsic, states, in a letter received since my return, dated 24th of November, 1825, that the " cultivation of wheat has been much circumscribed of lute rears ; and that it will take much time to extend it ; that ilex is cultivated now to a much greater degree than formerly in East, and parts of West Prussia; that the export , of butter in increas ing very much ; that rape seed is attracting much attention ; and that these circumstances, with the breeding of sheep, will amber operate in diminishing the production of grain." It appears, too, by the official returns of exports, (see' Appendix, No. 10.), that the excess of exports of corn in the years 1821, 1822, end 1823, had notch declined from those of former years ; and that in the year 18 . 4., the maritime' proviesces of Prussia, instead of haying any surplus.of wheat, imported 47,236 quarters more than they exported. This quantity may piobably have been added to the former accumulation, but if eo, it is still evidence of a decline in the actual produce of wheat in the Pruesian ter ritories. Those Prussian provinces to which my chief attention was di rected, have never been manufacturing districts, although they have during a long series of years made both linen and woollen cloths for their own use. They have had rather domeitic labour, than any establishment for the putaiose ; of late, however, at tempts have commenced-upon a large scale, and projects were in taaitation of various kinds, for making woolleoe and cottons'in ,raattufectoriet wllere the aid of lataaltOrg vt as. to be apylied. The thief intlacemeot to tilt* attempts wati:*alett Ofalt.Orpaoe eatne, and the consequent eapietatiOn 'Of 'a - lotiritte pf labour. They were, however, but attempts, and were not viewed' With any very promising expectations by the persona I had any oppor tunity of conversing with on the subject. They seem to by rather the creations of the Goveremeat, then the spontettemei is sue of the deliberate calculations of capitalists, seeking titr beneficial modes of employing their money. The only kind of goods that I beard of, caleadeted foe distant markets, are some made of the native coarse wool, dyed deep blue, trialf to introduce which have been made in England. These are made by some smell farmers, who Were employed in the summer on the land. They are made out of 1811,. or 201 b. of wool,'worth about sixpence per pound. The spinning is performed by the fe lonies of the family, whilst the fattier weave them. It employs him three days to weave a piece, which is shout 16 yards in length, and 42 inches Wide. The value of hie day's work was stated to be 9d., thus making that part of the labour which he executed to be 2s. 341. The fulling is pm-fennel at a Ohne mill, and, the finishing and dying is executed in Bertha by person. who send their agents to the farm-houses to collect the cloth, in their rough state. I was told that those kind of cloths might be affords ed in London, at little more than 2s. per yatd, and were calculated for negro' clothing. As the spinning is, the most material part of sthe labour, anti that u+ performed at leisiire time, the maker's gain 'is the whole of that, as the time would he otherwise unepoileyed. Manufactures of this kind are useful in the state of society which mists where these goods are fabricate.!, but the limits to their ex tension are necessarily very coofined. I have no reason to think that hitherto the low pike of corn' has had the effect of lowering time price of, manufacturiug labour, in any degree approaching to the depression which the prodlcte of the soil have experienced. In the bedding of ships, which le, in deed, the chief nuinufactory of the maritime provinces, the rates of wages ltave very considerably fallen, hot, indeed, so much as beeei, but to an e xtent that has increased the building of vessels, met ha duced sonic English Lowe* to contract for the building of Prussian vessels to be employed in distant voyages. The effect, however, of the low prices of agricultural produce, is More experienced in the provisdons for the crew, than in the cost o fo f r th a e p e l o w nstr l u n ct s i t o li n p, of h t l h t e he sh A ips pp . c T u h dl i x s , rn iti ty o. bi' l3 se . en t i l s 'e ti t :t o te st tle t' a ff t o 4u r seamen are accustomed to better food than the Prussians, but their superior professional skill makes up for the difference; Beside!. as the Baltic is frozen seeerel Months in the year, the loss of time seems to be more than a compeneetion for the differenees in the price of food. Iu pureuauee of the instructions that were given to the by your Lordships, I made every attempt in my power to .as.certain the actual eoet of the wheat to the growers of that grain in Prussia. Whoever has made similar uttempts in this country, howevex Well i he May have been acquilinW with all the practical details, even if he could obtain with most scrupulous accuracy the amount of seed sown and harvetted, has found them atfended with such difti cnities as to afford no great degree of contidence in the results ob tained. Thus, for instance, in our common faqir years' coarse of 'turnips, bailey, clover, and . wheat, though it may be ,etioy to ascertain the Whole expenditure rent. taxes, Lamm, ma nure, interest of capital and deterloratiott in the working eat de end utensils, during the four yenta yet Kane' ely any two persons Nvill agrie in the apportioning that, expenditure to each of the four crops. The relative value of those aerate one .another will vary in every year,' one will he good, another indifferent, are other very bad. The value of the feed to the Cattle fed on the anoduce of the firit and third be very differently esti , lirsted by different pertaw. proput t tens 'of the rxwnee of fallowing aped 'manuring Still Gc dietriLuted among the sever d crops, according to .lie arbitrary rules el adjustment, which e e h e individual making the calculation ham corniest in his otivri s„ind It orel i.l4i:lsc7.;4l(}t;:ili[ini'ilK__P.r4:iti;it'i:;ilit',4.°*l'lit'S'''.4atrit6.ll:i.-Tilllitly kept, to US CVitain ht the end oe ttie, four eeera . bow much lee been pined or les the rutettiurt; hlat rile stril.utie:n of ttn~t loss or gain u t , e u duri ng I iK su b ject to et usury' varietione of opinion, and ep many vieissi ttideedepenaing tilt% dirti, :mil weather, as to prtvent re heist„ places! uu nits er~atilnste of tlse tutu coat of either out. of the descriptions of grain. The sane Ghetto:la...will tnteent themselves to the attainment of accuracV, where any other rotation of crops is adopted. If the tAttieul4 is tlats geeat in ' attaining, or even tipproitimatinr to certainty in the cost price of any particular descriptionOf cori in this country, it may well be deemed much more bold to Inward . an opinion op that subject, in a foreign country, Where Mani' eircurmitanceS Which can be but imperfectly known to a stranier and temporary visitor, may have a poweritil influence. I received many statements from the different persons witli whom I conversed on the subject, els to what they considered t. 4 be the actual cost in a number of years, of wheat soli other corn, Thee, as may be supposed, iiklely varied from each other. Altho' I was fully convinced that for Iteveral years the loss on the sums of agricultuial products throughout the, maritime provinces of Prue... oda hasfieen very gr:ltt ; and that instead of leaving any thing for_ tent, that 'llas been touch more than *ham bed, yet I could place 06 reliance 'on the accuracy' of any, statements which attempted to define the exact limits of the loss on each kind of corn. In founding a calculation on the answers of President Rothe, though I hive to that gentleman's facts the most implicit confi dence, yet I should hesitate, if he bad stated what was the cost price of wheat and rye, to yield to him the same assent; I have no doubt, however, he is accurate in swing, that the loss on the corn, grown In the year 1825,*ithout allowing any thing for rent, was 20 per cent. According to the paper in Appendix,' No. 11, the price at which the wheat on the estate described was , mold in the year 1824, When the crops were good, was tuts thaler and a half per scheffel, or Ss. per bushel, by which a to sa of 20 par cent. way incurred, besides the whole of the nuts . according t,ti which the cost price to the , fartter sgrould.ise 28s. 21 . per (platter on the spot. Sale price Ss. per bushel or per quarter Loss, estimated at 20 per cent I. d. 4 U 4 f.S in 9 Allowance for reia i calculated St 1-10th of the proceeds $ 31 11 Which wotild mike the cost If to this be added, Shipping charge, and merchant's commission or profit 2 9 Freight, primage, and insurance to London - 8 t; Lighterage, landing charge; and ttommistion in England 1 3 43 0 The coat of wheat may be in some' degree approximated to, by ascertaining the selling prices fer a series of years. U that series be short, it may be affected by Various intervening events, such as . War, invasion, or deficient harvests ; but by being spread over a long series, the effect of adventitious circumstances became lessened. • It is reasonable to calculate, that in a long series, the profit on corn cannot be much above that on other branches of industry in the , same country. !f the profits on raising corn are'muchabove thole of other occupations, an increased quantity, to the production of which the - augmented capital might contribute, would cause the • . price to fall ; if those profits were much lower, a diminution of supply, to which the lots of capital viimild contribute, would tend to raise the prices. Although from the flUctuation in the pfbdiietivenetis of differ ent years corn is lees subjeet to the general abstract principles, by which supply awl dentaod, as regards other commodities, • are regulated, in a short period, yet in a long petiod, latch as thirty or forty years, or longer, it also must be governed by them. Without going back to the long list of prices for the last one hundred and sixty years, for which see Appendix, No. 24., we may , adopt - that which begins in 1791, and ends in 1825, Appendix, No. 13 ; for five of those years no prices are giver,, because the oorts were shut. The average of the whole of theseyears, taking the lowest and the highest price oleach year, and disregarding the difference of, the quantities sold 'in the several years, gives the price at 465. 11d, per quarter. The largest quantity Was sold in the years When, the price was highest, being probably the stock* which had accumulated during the years of low prices. The price of those - years may therefore be considered as speculating prices. If the years 1800, 180418050817, ; and 1818, be struck out, the average price of the thirty remain- • • iug years, will be 335. 6d. If we suppose a profit to be made of ten per cent. by the dealers in corn, these thirty years will give, as the cost price to the grower, after paying rent, a priCe nearly approaching, -to that whielt,is given before, att Calculated on the ~ • date flint:tailed by the President' Rothe, ' r ,, - Without placing much reliance on it, yet serif° .cortobett4l,l ' is received, by .the market prices o f Berlin, for the last elegy iii yettre, where the aveiege price of the beet Polisit wheat has been 36e. fid., or about ten per cent. higher than the average of Danvie, fee the thirty years to Which we have referred.-- This may be accounted for, partly by ' the quality of the wheat, and partly from the additional conveyance and consequent expetims. The returns from 'Berlin, taken on St. Martin's in each year from 1774 to 1824., (for Which see Appendix, 17,) give, tut the average price for the 50 years, 345. Gd. As the best of the wheat is probably brought to the capital, some allow-' once must be made for the superior quality, and also something for the profit of the dealers, through whose hands it has passed-" •' This will bring it sufficiently near to the price here apaunied, to give probability to the calculation. Although since the return of peace no alleviation of the publics` eontributioni have been applied, awl no diminution of the other subjects of expenditure which corupe,:e the cost of growing coma. bee been experienetsi r yet the contrast bet Ween the first and last five years since that event took place, in the prices of corn, it eu striking, that it deserves to be noticed. ltt Dantsic the average of the five years, from 1816 to 1820 inclusive, give for wheat 51s :0 sd. per quarter, and that for the years 1021 to ,1825 inclusive; 265. gd. In Berlin the average for the that tics years is 460.4 4 1., and for the second, 26e. 7d. The far greater part of that division of ancient Poland which iy now comprehended in the vice-regal kingiMm .of that name, is level country, with scarcely an ascent or deweent; except where the., courses of the rivers' have formed channels below the generak level of the country. As these rivers, though in sununer 66. appear small streams, are swoln by the rains of autumn, and the.• melting of the snow on the Carpathian mountains, in the spring, they form large channels, extending Po both sides to a great dia r trance ; and their deposit, in ninny parts, middles the hind, and it. presents, in the Summer, the aspect of Verdant and luxuriant tuck. dows. In other parts the periodical swellings of the streams. , have formed morasses, width in their present state are not appli cable to any agricultural purposes. The plains which extend. . from the borders of one river to another, are open fielde, with, scarcely any perceptible division of the land, and shoWingiestree ly any trees even around the villages. The portion of woodland , on theme plains is very extensive; but they are iu large maases,. With great intervals of arable land between them. The soil is mostly sandy, with occasional mixture of a MN* is ery thin, rest chiefl loom throe ' i wh ich ploughed; e s h t : 6 N, t ' h i t n i o a g i l .B l percolate. on er tt n o a t he yse a tl o n: f granite, ch a , n a d eo n i t, is eirsily es ti , t , iet , i ir e y. y :, two cows, perform this and the other operations of } min bll This representation of the kingdom of Poland is strictly cable to six of the eight wailoodships or provinces, into which it is now divided. To the south of the river Pilica, which coMprehends the too provincee of Sandomir. and Cracow, the appearance of the lima and the face of the country improve ; and in proceeding south tq the banks of the Vistula, there,is fti be seen a tuore district and a more tenacious and fruitful soil. Much of the.lail,4 is a clayey loaf% re9niring three or four houses to plougt, yielding, when toltriddy managed, crops of excellent .*heitt *co. oats; and where the husbandry is so good 0 to have adop*Lfs practice of sowity,' Clol4'r between the two coin ernr., .tlkrpW duce is very ebundent. southern point of this dietrici, forming new; an intlepep• dent Republic, called from the name of its capital, , Ceacon, ire , very, fertile. It extends alung the Vistula about 20 mile% lttol emitting in MAI square miles, or 820,000 acrevothoat IOAOOO' inhabitants. t4inie of the carpel in Poland, - belnQßing to the lat4lsl7ret the highest rank, axe of entlnnotas tent; but owing system of dividing the land- ~moue all the children; dallel i 11 1 0„'` cid entail secures a majority to the eldest , son, whieb ie '4l'7 ,' 71! 1w instances the case, much of posaeseed 'in ittiotra""*. 4 '.." 3 " watlateesdleb:'seclinenkolnlid:qatinypal:rl:47:ittl)h)futteshwtt'amiti:(..:,l;‘:4,o"lo6l4v"ceiu.elinet ),.St:'!t;el-T'ear3.11:1;:w:1:14-1. het deemed amid!, and 80,000 or 0,000 acre* . TV: • (vo'as c os/Atom • • -" • k FOREIGN CORN, INSTRUCTIONS TO MR. JACOB, RESPECTING THE PRICES OF FOREIGN CORN. [Continued from our paper of Saturday. ] Avery intelligent and benevolent nobleman, at whosehottse I spent a few days, assured me,that in the extensive but thinly peopled district where he had n share in the directing the assessments and expenditure of the local taxes, there was but or 4 e family which üb4sted wholly ou those taxes ; and that utters depended on the kindness of relatives and friends, with some Occasional assistAnce from the local fund. In general the soil of the• Maritime proVintee of Prussia is so light that it may he easily ploughed with two each, anti:threes of diminished size and no groat strenoth: I have not unfre• q u e ntly seen, on the smaller portion of land, a single cow drawing the plough, end Whilst the plough was guides} by the owaer.the b cow was led by his wife , The mere ten:scions soils, on:the a4s of the streams, are commonly but of small extent. There is in deed a large portion of land in the Delta, formed by the sepal's).- non of the ISogat. from the Viettrie, between D am a m t oe rienburg, which, under a good. ttstem of Managements would he highly, .productiie, and which.reSifaat s ., Istea, 4 ser strength to ploughs There are some others, especially tear `fss' ,s-oS lea e xtent j r het the whole of them, if compared wltfi the^it extent of 'the aisr fa& Of the country, are Merely snificient te'farrn eacept:ons to the general classification which may be made of the soil. The Vila rious implements of husbandry are quite of as low a deseription m the Working cattle. The ploughs are ill constructed, with very little iron in them. The harrows are made of wood, without any iron, even for the tines or teeth. The waggons are mere planks . , laid on the frame low, and resting egeinst upright stakes; fins , ' into its sides. The ra,ttle are attached to these inqements by ropes, without any leather in any part of the harness. The use of the roller is scarcely knowu, and the clods, in' preparing the fallow, are commonly broiren to pieces by hand . with wooden mal lets. In sowing, the seed is oarried in the apron, or the skirts of the frock, of the man who scatters it on the ground. The monied value of the live stock on the farms is low. Tice best !locks of Merino sheep,- exclusive of the wool, is averaged to he worth about 6s. or 6s. Bd. per head. Cows are worth froni 30s. to 655. A dairy which I saw of the best description, was let to a dairynian at 365. pet year. The owner told me, he rmt. lued them at 755.' per head, and though the average 'Weight of the butter from each, the calf being taken from the Mother when ten days old; was about 1201 b. each year. The variation in the price of cows is much greater than in that of sheep, according . to their race, to the soil on %Odell they ase pastured; and to the die tance from large towns requiring supplies of milk and butter.— The price of the hay varies, according to the situation and quality, from I4s. to 20s, per ton. The general' bitrdens of the state in Prussia, are the subject of complaints among all classes ; anti altheitgh they may appear to us to amount to a very small stun, rated by the number of per eons, they must be considered heavy in a country so destitute of little other capital than that of land, now vastly depreciated in value. The whole taxes in Prussia amount to about 10s. per head ; but the effective value of money, 'in exchange for commodities, triay be considered to be double what it is with us. Those taxes pressing peculiarly on the land are, first, the Grunt! Stcuer or land-tax. Tbis is not, however, imposed in each pro vince, but only in those where it existed before they were united to the Prussian monarchy. This is not levied in Brandenburg, though it is collected in each of the three maritime provinces which are the subjects of more immediate consideration. This tax was designed to be 25 per cent on the net value, or annual rent of the land,. and when imposed was an equable burden. In process of time, from the improvement-of some estates, and the neglect o! others, and from a variety of other cause* that rate which was ori• ginally equal has become in practice at the present day ve, equal., 7 , The land is divided into six classes, the rent of the lowest whic.Visaastimated to be about 7d. per acre, and that of the highest about 4e. an acre.. On this. emounts the tax is 45 per centS arrt averages in the . three naoritisne a ors ,ovine es atuamewhet less than Ed. per acre. The "gross Sr?iiinotsJiallect-d its the three 'provinces :Annually, according to slassele is about 205,000/. sterling. The local taxes, which have been already noticed, dti not fall wholly on' the land. That for" the disabled soldiers, cad the fa milies of such as fell As in the confliets, is in part home by the cities and towns, though the chide's-eight fails on the land. The same, in some measure, is the case respectitn; the tax for rosas, bridges, schools, and the poor. These;. are various in different districts, so that it is impossible to forin any general estimate of their amount. In some parts Of the country, I wits told that flu local taxes were equal to the Cruod Sharer in their district : in Ernie, that it was higher ; and in others , that it did not amount to one-tenth. Among the cultivators, I heard wed/ complaint of the heavy tax on the distilleries. As far es the Let opaeitee to di minish the consumption of the grain, or other produeta of the land from which spirits may be extracted, it is a burden on the land; but I have reason to believe that, from ,the' mode in wisiell the tax is collected, those who have distilleries on their fame, by paying Ore tax at a high degree of strength, and / .01-al , ,ing it to the retailers at a lower etremostim, are so far from beinz'tsSarieved, that they are really benetitted by the tax.. The village clergy have commonly a house, some, glebe land, and a fixed annual portion of corn, which in most eases is deliver ed to them-by time acrd, in pursuance of an assisnt arrange meat. 'The quantity has been long since defined, end not being subject to any alteration, is scarcely ever spoken of at a burden on the land. The other taxes bear no more on the persons employed in testi cult/ire than on those engaged in pursuits of a different hind.--s They are chiefly on the consumption .of fereien commodi ties attaching to the consumers, from whatteenr ssurcee they may draw the revenues by which they are enabled to i ndulge in the use of them. The military service is extremely . oncrons, as every young man is compelled to serve three years, from the age of 20 to 24, as a soldier. This, though not precisely a tax, and not peculiar to the agricultural crass is a burden which 'perhaps presses as much on the produefs - e industry of the country ae the heavier taxes that are collected iu other countries. To this must be added the quartering of the troops, who are billetbd on private houses ; and however well discipline may he maintained amongst them, must be a great annoyance, anti in most cases tin eapeoce, which, though apparently trifling in amount, becomes weighty to those whose means of supporting it are mall. In a country where four-fifths of the inhabitants subsist wholly by producing food, and depend for the conveniences beside bare food, on the pried which' they can obtain for their surplus, the low rate at which that sttrplus can be disposed of must be felt and obServed in every rank of society. . • The scale of living in the country we are conselersng corre sponds with the low prices of the' objects in which their labour is employed. The working class of the inhabitants, amounting in the maritime provinces to upwards of a million, inchuliug both, those who work for daily wages and those who cultivate their own little portionti of land, cannot be compared to any class of persons in England. This large description; of the inhabithts . live in dwellings provided with few conve ni e nces, on the lowet4 and coarsest food ; potatoes, or rye or puck wheat, are their chief, and frequeetly their only footle linen, from flex 'of their own growth; and wool, spun by their own hands, both coarse :and both worn u long as they will hold together, furnish tie it drew ; whilst an earthern pot that will bear fire, forms one one of the most valuable articles of their furniture. As fuel is abundant,, they are *finned more by dese stoves than by the shelter of their Wooden or mod houses, covered by shiagles, which Admit the piercing cold of the severe 'weather through abundaut crevices. If they have beds and a plot of chicory, their produce serves as a substitute for sugar and coffee ; but too often these must' be sent to market to raise the runty pittattre which the tax-gralterer demands. Though the price of whiskri: is lows, yet the farm produce is still lower, 'an'l neither thst !tor s rite bad beer which is commonly brewed, can be afforded by the • •-- ••• s., as a usual drink. s • In common seasons this description of people suffe] 4 much in the winter, but in times of scarcity, such as followed the them stootis harvest of 1816, their distress mill their cotwequent mortality is largely increased. • It is not intended to insinuate that all the mill fanners are in the circunntances 1,64 described . • In some situations there is a most pleasing. difference.; on the banks of the Oder, Wow Kits- Ty 1111 MUT4kALITY OF HUMAN AFFAIRS ! Telegraphic Dispatch from Paris toh2o Amsterdam. Matc , 1811. " Her Majesty the Empress of the French was safely delivered of a Prince, at nine this morning. " FLOGON, Director of the Telegraph." Telegraphic Dispatch from Paris, at half-past eleven, March 22, 1811. " Her Majesty and the young Prince are well ; the Prince, yesterday, began to take with avidity nourishment froM his nurse. " FLoGox, Director of the Telegraph." Telegraphic Dispatch, Half-put Two, March 22. " The Prince hal suffered duringthe night the cholical pains : incident to his age. " FLoooar, Director of the Telegraph, Happily it is now of little consequence to Europe what are the cholical distresses of this young Prince! ! Tuesday se'nnight the Caledonian coach, from Perth, was overturned in the steep and dangerous pass of Slockmuick, within 20 miles of Inverness, in con sequence of the carriage pole having broke at a sudden turning of the pass . Several passengers on the coach sustained considerable injury. Mrs. Ross, of knock brake, in Ross-shire, with her child and maid, have been sadly hurt : the collar-bone of the child is broke. Mr. Ross, of the British Linen Company in Tain, was a good deal bruised. One outside passenger, a drover, had his ancle sprained , a nd his shoulder a thtle bruised. The coach was not materially injured, for after receiving a few repairs, it proceeded next morning on the return journey to Perth. A singular accident befel the Bristol mail last week. A light cart driven with great speed met the h orses in front, and, singular to relate, the shafts of it entered the breasts of the two unfortunate leaders in such a manner that one of them died immediately, and the other a few hours afterwards. • • AUTOMA.TA,ANCI ENT ARMOUR, IN PANTINE ARITHMETICIAN, GIANT, &c.— GOTHIC HALL, 7, HAYM A RKET. The celebrated MUSICAL nod other AUTOMATA, dish playing, in a great xariety of subjects, from the most elegant Human Figure down to the smallest Birds and Insects, the as tonishing powers of Mechanism, by their wonderful imitations of animated Nature; together with the choice COLLEC TION9f.ANCIENT ARMOUR, sur rounding the Also, the INFANTINI; ARITHMETICIAN, only Six Years of age, gifted with the astonishing faculty of solving arithmetical questionsi without the use of either pen or - pencil, or even a knowledge of the numerals themselves. This highly interesting child uniformly details the method pursued by him in arriving at the solution of the proposed questions.—Admit tanee, 25.; Children, Is. Also, the surprising GIANT, Monsieur LOUIS , t he tallest Man who has visited this Kingdom since the days of O'Brien, and far superior in elegant symmetry, proportion, and muscu lar strength. Monsieur Louis (who is 25 years of age, .pos r sessing all the polite and agtuntle manners of his country men), will gratify his Visitors with a sight of his favourite Horse Nonpareil, being the smallest .in the World.—Admit tance, Is. . e.* The Child will be attended to the Residences of the N obility and Gentry.