The Sun. — London, England, 1838-01-16 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF "THE PUIMIC JOURNALS present day, will make teen only more cunning in spy ing cut the wa', - to he with impunity. We fi, , e some 'journals which once were furiously Radical, and which now are slavishly Ministerial, spvtidir; seme indignation and a good deal of book "Pligeosbidly" in reprohari:ig the atrocities of thy; vralcrtlen in Glasgow and in Dublin. We tell lliee,iflatirnalists that apologies would better becom - e them than ink-nation. That which the.yrertoLte Is th• it non work. True they did not ificuWie the brutal assault, or the cooler atrocity or assassination ; butthey taught the common people wilfulness and insubordination. They hal looed them on in every extravasranet; of self confideece---in every variety of hatred scat contempt, with regard to tkeeen qituted authorities of the land. They ta4lt—false'y taught—the people that they 1.40'41 Injured, despised, and. oppressed by those above tieirn, and that, instead of frost ing to the laws, they should trust to political eervillitiritlons, eyadinea but not directly violittilla St t h were the instructions, repeated thy inter day, week after weak, and month after rvicaltil, by these very journolista now take such cr4t lo themselves, and AtteltAte so much merit to Mr, O'Connell for denettrAng tyrannical combinatiotta We give them little thanks for their late-leaeneltl wisdom, and their loathsome affectation of riMe. They laboured to produce the miseliief----th . q strenuously inculcated a rebellious divpositien—a reliance upon ot.b"r powers for enforcing real or fancied rinlits tl.e.n the law supplied and, lo ! now they affect innignation and de e p regret at the natural fruits asuch teaching ! 1 thi - s hypocrisy, or is it fricl'e impudence? WhirtlaCer it be, it is hate ful. And what is the new lesson which these public instructors strive to impress upon the apt scholars they have hitherto found? Now, indeed, they instruct them in poli tical economy, and gravely inform them that, upon the most approved scientific principles, no good can result frOiti at tempts to keep up wages by force. Most eacellent philo sophers! We can tell you that yOU will not find your pu pils so ready to listen L'a you now th a t y ou are fag encou raging the depravity of their nature and the Malevolence of their passions. What signifies it to the combinators of Dublin or of Glasgow that, in th e o pi n i on o f t h e p o li t i ca l economists, the whole body of the wm`kmen in a given kingdom, upon the arerage of a series of years, will be better off if wages be tell to an open market than if any constraint be uteri upon that market ? The trained bands of ruffians laugh at such conclusions. These conclusions may be true, or may not—it is nothing to them, They are in the enjoyment of power, and it is agreable to them to keep it—they arc gratifying their passions of cupidity and revenge, and they will not forfeit that gratification upon any instruction that, upon the whole, it is more for the intereat of the workmen that they should do so. What ig the whole body of workmen to them ? They want no laws, whether of one kind or another. They are equally revrilless of the restraints of political philosophy as of those set forth in the Bible or in the statute husk. Their own inclination is that which they have been taught to look to—their will they have been accustomed to regard as their law ; and they are not to be philostrk:u'd out of a system it) agreeable to the most powerful and the worst parts of human nature. It is folly—and much worse than ordinary folly —to think of curing the horrible depravity into which the " combinators" have fallen, by scientific appeals to their interest, and especially their temporal interest. Thay are vain enough of thela capabahilities to he quite satisfied that they can judge for themselves in such a matter quite as well as their instruc tors can. If they are to be cured at all it must be by the strong hand of penal law in the first instanes, undoing what Radical Conceitedness and error have done, and after wards by an inculcation of moral and religious duty upon loftier authority than that of the political economists, Morning Pnst. 'The :-lenses of Parliament reassemble this and fir ,t subject brought under discussion will be Canada, ilea narrowest point of view, end under the most . sicag-ro iorm in which Lord Glum , lg and his colleague , s can . - contrive or will bo suffered to present it.. Of this design of 'Ministers we, have abundant evidence in the papers just . railntedfor the use of Parliament, no less than in the in t:itnetion of Lord John Russell before the adjournment, : She. it was the purpose of himself end his brethren to attlunit to the Legisl:turc " the measures" by which they weennt to meet the emergency whi c h h a d arisen in Lower Canada. Now, nothing can be teme certain than that if o he Melbourne Ministers expect to be let off so easy, they lee reckoning without their host. if they expect that the two Il ouses o f P ar li ament w ill be satisfied with o : , mere insi g ht into the prospective means whereby these - weak and sellish placeholde rs have at length pi evaded apea themselves t o p a t c h u p th e consequences of their own multiplied misdemeanours, they are in a sad mis take. lf, moreover, they imagine that either Parlia ment or the country will requ're: nothing further at the:i hands than such an exposition of the causes which has- , ',a to this deplorable rebellion, or even with such a his tory of the lest nine months as is to be extrected from the official correspondence in question, they, the 'Ministers, will soon find out that they arc egreseioualy mistaken. From the correspondence not one word can be detected capable of throwing one ray of light upon the ptinciples which Lord Gosford was sent to Canada to maintain.—the objects which he contempleted (or the Colonial-office fo: him)—the grievances which (if any) he was authorized to redress, or th ose data with resp ec t t o th e genera l condition of the province upon which Her Majesty's Ministers wtrit in their appoiolenent of the noble Earl, who it is false to stssert was named as successor to Lord A m h ers t—f or h e aucceede o l to no p ar t o f the duties which the latter noble man 'hail been selected to discharge. Lord Amherst had been authorized to " redress" acknowledged grievances— Lord Gosford was named as one of a Commission whose business was not to " redress," but only to " inquire." The statesman who commissioned Lord Amherst—we mean Lord Aberdeen—affirmed broadly, in an enlightened and memorable speech, on the 12th of June, 1835, that he had employed Lord Amherst under the perfect consciousness that the time for mere inquiry was even then gone past : that many grievances were known, and ought to be effec tually remedied by " large and liberal concessions ; that he could conceive no possible reason for withholding from ti British colony" any privilege, right, or power, not incom patible with the political and paramount sovereignty (which was never to be exercised but in extreme cases) of the parent state ; that the time " was now come for prompt en d i mme di ate action. I say, my Lords, for action." This was the language of an able Minister and an honest man, and accordingly it Is a fact he yowl dispute, that the known sentiments and policy of Lord Aberdeen were such as to inspire all reasonable men of all parties, French Canadians na well as British, with great satisfaction, and with confidence in an amicable result. The mission authorised by Lord Aberdeen was to act and to pacify ; that prepared by Lord Glenelg was to procrastinate, to do nothing, and inflame. Lord Aber deen's project was cut short, because a Whig faction, sup ported by Messrs. H ume and Roebuck, tu rne d hi s Lord ship out o f office Lord Glenelg's has prospered marve lously —for here is Canada in open rebellion ! There never was, we repeat once more, so indelible a stain affixed to his own escutcheon by a Minister as by Lord Glenelg in the present instance, through the medium o f t hi s published correspondence. Indolence, vacillation, imbecile blindness, are palpable in every page. Why, after both Lord Glenelg and his deputy had early agreed upon the expediency of raising' and invigorat ing the two Councils (the Legislatire and Executive) by the addition of some creditable names to, each, and the exclusion of those which were not so, it was in June 1837, the termination of two years, that the Colonial Secretary complains to Lord Gosford of his " not having yet" re• ceived a report specifying the individuals whom the latter personage would recommend for either office. It was in the following month (July) that the Noble Secretary, not being . able to make up his mir.d as to the choice which ought to be made of councillors, but feeling that " it is impossible to acquiesce in any further delay" (was it then Lord Gosford who proposed it?), the drowsy Lord does— what? He throws the entire onus of extricating the Ge vernment at home and at Quebec from the difficulty upon the shaking shoulders of Lord Gosford, and actually orders him to commission forthwith " any nine gentlemen" as Executive Councillors whom he (Lord Gosford) - may think fit! It was towards the end of last October, just one month before the Queen's troops were attacked by armed rebels, that the new Executive and Legislative Councillors wore sworn, and their nomination, as might have been guessed, expe rienced the same fatality which has attended every other act of this " liberal" and " conciliating" Viceroy —it was made a fresh prete x t f or pu bli c meet i ngs, a topic for in creasCd abuse and virulence against the Imperial Govern ment of Great Britain. It is manifest, Irons the whole . "Course of their " correspondence," that neither the roaster nor the journeyman had any distinct notion of the ground on which he was standing, because neither of them had courage to look Papineau in the face, or to own that what he aimed at was not the redress of this or that particular grievance, but simply a successful revolt against the British sovereignty. Lord Aberdeen knew better. He would have separated Papineau from his followers by a redress of those wrongs which, though the agitator of the St. Law rence dwelt as lightly on them as O'Connell does upon the individual wretchedness and destitution of his countrymen, have been really felt by the Canadian people. But Lords Glenelg and Gosford took the opposite course. They over looked the" people" who would have dealt fairly and grate fully by them, and attempted to play with Papineau, who baffled and treated them with scorn. But if the noble Se cretary for the Colonies under Sir Robert Peel's Adminis tration was well acquainted with the genuine wants of Canada, he seems also in the cases of Lords Glenelg and Gosford to have thoroughly " known his men." In the Lisle speech we have referred to (June 12, 1835,) the noble Earl prophesies in the most distinct terms the total failure of the Gosford mission, and declares, that in the event ,of his anticipations being realized, he would move ref a copy of the instructions which he himself prefaced and tjc ivcred to Lcrd Amherst for the satisfactory settlement of the Canadian quarrels. This motion will now, of course, be made, and will be accompanied no doubt by a parallel in9tion for a copy of Lord Gosford's instructions conveyed to him by Lord Glenelg, to be acted upon when he should have terminated his " labour of love" as an inquirer into grievances, and commenced his mock dominion as Chief Governor. It will be curious at least to see such docu ments in juxta-positinn ; and it. will be due to the country to call for the production not merely of Lord Glerielg's ori ginal instructions to Lord Gosford, hut of whatever papers. at once illustrative of the state of Canada and of the met its of Whig statesmanship, are still tied up in the Colonial office, by reason of the modesty of those delicate gent'erneit, who are satisfied that their intellectual beauties should be left to blush unseen. As for the propositions to be sub vu tted to the House of Commons this erening, there is lit tie difficulty in foreseeing that they will seilk nothing. They will palter, and proscrastinate, and leave all afloat ; manliness and fixedness of purpose will be equally out of the question.—Tinzes. The recent trial of the combining workmen in Glasgow, end the disclosures without trial respecting a similar sys tem of crim e i n D u bli n , d eman d the serious at tent'on of all who concern themselves in the moral. and political well ping of society. The horrible system of crafty, ferccious, remorseless tyranny which certain portions of these work ing people exereisenver others of the same class in society affords indeed a fearful example of human depravity. It is an awful commentary upon the continual boait regarding " diffused intelligence—the " march of mine—th e " ele vating • influence of education" in gereral, and " Mech nics' Instit u t es " i n particular, with, which the ears of sobe a r men have been stunned for some yews past. It is quite clear that the persons concerned in th ese h orr ibl e conspiracies ar@ n e ith er i gnorant nor stupid. It is no brutish darkness of mind which leads to these act u s of sa vage cruelty. No—there is, on the contrary, inch • abiiity—mach contrivance—much energy —ne cessary for the management of this fiendish system of op preosion.• These are accomplished villains. Their crimes are the result of meditation, and are carried into effect with that skill which sharp thinking upon matters diligently studied could alone supply. These men are not the gross instruotents of Governments or individuals, who take ad ll:sntage of their ignorance, but they have the intelligence be well as the cruelty of fiends—they' are trained monsters, abandoned to a reprobate wilfulness, which admits of no check from any principle of stilanissivera - s3—wide}:, in the pride of guilt., acknowledges no restraint from the laws of God or of man. " Oh," it will bc said, " you are Tories— you wish to keep the common people down —you would re fuse them education, lest they might become too powerful for the Aristocracy, and you gladly seize en opportunity to point out a system of crime among the working classes, and to attribute it to education." Not so. It is with feelings very different from those of gladness that we call attention to the shocking exposures which have lately been made of the conduct of educated working people. We do nitt mean to find any fault with education, or to diScourage education, by pointing out that the non e xistence o f i gnorance is t:o security for the non e xistence of crime. We do, however, mean to say that stick disclosures prove that they who preach up the diffusion of knowledge as a Sovereign panacea for the moral ills which flesh is heir to are wrong—that education is not enough if it be merely confined to making the human crea ture more clever than it was before—and that unless . the heart and disposition be imp resse d w i t h pr i nc i p l es o f duty and obedience the " enlightenme n t," as i t i j ca ll e d, o f tne In yesterday's Advertiser appeared a report of the trio! I and sentence of the (Ilasgow cotton-spinners, before the Justiciary Court of Edinburgh. Tian, chief accusation having, failed from want ci evidence, the prisoners were tented to seven years' transportation. Perhape there never was a question wherein it was more necessary to exercise a calm and dispassionate consideration than that of the ccm b,ination of trades, While the object of the combi nation is confined to the advancement of the trades' own interests, without directly interfering with or attacking the int eres t s o f ot h e r s , t h ere can b e no tenable grounds' of objection urged against such combination ; but when, as has been partially proved both on the trial in Edinburgh, and at the discussions which have lately taken place on the subject of trades' combination in Dub lin, that a subscription has been regularly levied for the purpose of paying individuals to beat or murder, as the case may be considered to require, those incurring the hos tility of the combined body, the appalling atrocity of such combination cannot be denounced in terms of commen surate disapprobation and abhorrence. With what is truly a man's own he has undoubtedly a right to do as he pleases ; and if a man have a right to anything more than another, it must be to the disposal on the best possible terms of the results of the skill and labour of his own person. But "while thus contending for the rights of individuals and Societies disposing of their exertions to the greatest advantage, we denounce in the most unqualified terms all at tempts to dictate to or contreul other Societies or indi viduals and to organize a systematic plan of murder in order to enforce such purpose, as an act of abomination degrading to the age and revolting to humanity. If two, three, or more tradesmen or artisans agree to trade with the public only on certain terms, while there is no compul sion or force on either side, there cannot be any just accu sation made by the public ; but when force is employed to compel others to participate in their combination, the act immediately becomes criminal. " Live and let live"— " Laissez nous faire"—" Let us alone," are, or should he the basis of all trodinr , relations betw een commun i t i es an d individ ua l s , N o one has a the right to interfere with another, but all, so long as they avoid such interference, have the right to do the best they can for themselves. This is the simple principle on which all political, social, and commer cial relations should be based, and which, when once tho roughly understood, will be found the best link for holding all parties in the howls of a mutually beneficial co-opera tion,—Merning Advertiser. . . - Canada Committee of 1828, And nrornsed by the (*over n- I rnei.t, wais aeteetlt"tl v.! Ili ail t.ounaant joy and satisfaction by the Assembly as an acquittance: in fell ; th it every ar ticle of the redress so offered , 'nrl so accepted was faithfu)ly executed, with even a suraloslge of t , me,,,ssioi‘ whi.cli the- Governraleat renti!',;us as it w. re of the Cothm:ttee's INe . - ralifY, 'threw in, one might 'snr, out of the Ahund VICC dl their hearts., and in ttl-ni 10;le, l'iy evincing confidence, to inspire it .., that. thongh the execution of the promised con cessions was ret.'.rded by accid en t a l 'el it in e s !l* home Go-1 vernments and I resser'e 'nil' hiime affairs, they were all ful- . • fiiled—eo `.l'.'.h as depended on the Executive—bae the yeat 1832 ; end that, by their fulfilment, the raArt.y d i saPileall was broken up, the znett dt...0.!;'.l from the had, the men who hed acted ltt the genuine sprit of reasonable British iede- Onlence taking the part of the, Goee's'amit rcorri that time f Ith, whit tbe et lets went their cell way, mak 13X pi , . _'allt - les wh ere tlicv could not find them,. because k 1. evanees were theia• only food end :....is t ..-l!eatation—the ialicum of their path 1.'6 power. In fact, it w hid appear ahat ae the Government became willing to redress an). grievance, the Assembly became rePulaHY indiftel'ent with Fcgard to it. And tlti.'', Vile writer attrAoutea to the gross igtiortn`e, of the Canedian constituency, of which an im proper advantage is taken by the Members of the Asernbly. 0. "Se long," sass the Mind, "as grievances afl'orOed a topic of deelareatioit against the Government they were pursued with c all eagerness and impetuosity ; when no more could be dont with them than reli,ve the people feem an :dice - red evil, the ;Assembly suddenly became quite luke warm an d indifferent to the subject. This, of c:ntrse, could not happen in any country 'where the voters exercised a sulutary control over their ?epee :au:Wives ; but in Cesare' Canada the misfortune is, that the rcontittreney is deed to any lodgment of politics. The 111embet's of Ase,...bly arc men whose power is proclittiotts, whose tespOn. Isibility is aname," 'rile aetliof Alai adverts with due severity on the petti fegging conduct of the House of Assembly in prslea a resolution on the 6th of OceernV.ler, 16 - 'B, declaring that on a perenakient settlement of financial affairs with their dOlisCnt " it would be expedient to render the Gdvernofi . the Judges, and the Executive C3uheillors Independent of the annual Me of this House to the extent of their present salon s;" and when every thing had been gik , en 00 to them, even the causeal and territoiiai revenue, though eX ceptel in the recontmentiation of the Committee, turning tonne on the Government and affirming that " there Wa§ no compact." lt is true, attYs the author, " Ministers ap pear to have hatd recourse to nothing in the nature of a 'dd W des.' They did not employ an attorne" Their fault was in believing men Who beat the inost Slitifp-prfte tising attArtseyt quite hollow. We quote from the pamph let the following account of the split between Mr: Papitieau and his associates and the ROTC tl!Sretattli Alen of tlid Assembly ta-e " Throughout the period until the preceding measures be , came known, the same party which had, beeh itt the he 6.4 df the petitioners' cause in I ei.6. remained knit t-gether. They had all tloniairred in those cordial and praiseworthy acknows ledgments of the Coinmittee's liberality which Inkvo beenalbleifi quoted; but none of thent %tett illeti t 3 L 6 satisfied with words ; ther twitited deeds, and in the meanwhile remained a rain phalanx arrayed against the Government. It was af terwards, upon seeing the adoption of pror3eciliBg cattipietely in accordance with tht oflgiiial demands of the people, that all the ablest and most prominent members of the old opposi- • tion refused to enter on the inauspicious career then first edit- menced, and left Mr: l'Apie.eati ~lodlog almost atone, the only public eltatattee of any previous mark to head the majority which unfortunately the great personal influence of that st t •otig= willed man, and the WO easy IWO° Of several of his countrymen of tlee. Merle race, enabled him still to hold to gether. Amongst those who thus separated themselves tl'evn the extravagant courses into which the Assembly now hurried was John Neilson, a man than whom there breathe t not one more honest on this side of the ocean or that He who for several years was the very Atlas of the Assembly, carrying them through all the more laborious part of their duties, and keeping them within the limits which led to success, by that vigorous good sense of which the want has since been so lamentably displayed,—Neilson, whose shrewd and ready understanding it was that may be said to have gained with the Committee of 1828 the cause both of the As sembly and of the people (for at that time the interest pur sued by the one coincided with that of the other), was obliged to renounce them at last, and fall back into private life. He is now a sad spectator of the misfortunes of his country. To any one who knows Canada, many other names, such as Stuart, Cuvillier (one of the delegates in 1828). Quesnel, and Young, will recal the nature of the further purification which the Assembly had to undergo, before its reckless chieftain could force the colony into a quarrel, with no escape but a Civil war." On the state to which the question was brought by the violence of the Ultras, the author thus observes : " And now it may be asked with confidence, before even going into the arguments which will speedily follow, can it be possible that there should have been circumstances here to jus tify a rebellion? Is it possible that the refusal (in some of tke cases, indeed, scarcely more than the postponement, or as most the qualified refusal) of demands which were never heard of until within the last four years, and of which the most prominent were distinctly repudiated by the Assembly immediately before that period—is it possible that the mere fact of not having been able to carry all these demands equally in these four years, can be a sufficient excuse for having first wrenched the government out of its ordinary course, and then summoned to revolt, on that pretext, a previously inoffensive and peaceful people, whose laws have been preserved to them, whose language has been put on an equality with English, whose Church has been upheld, and who do not know what it is to pay a direct tax? Even if the demands were reasonable which it will presently be shown that they are not, but, on toe contrary, some of them absolutely irreconcileable with the essentials of colonial connection, and others with the no less indispensable conditions of justice, could a few years' resis tance to such extensive changes—a pause—a space filled up with all manner of other concessions—a check in the career of concession occurrinr , only at the point wh e re it posed to subvert o ne 'Constitution and es tabli s h another— could this be grou n d enoug h f or a re b e lli on ?" was pro- The people of this country are but too apt to suppose that all institutions which are fitted for one society are necessarily fitted for another. Man is the creature of cir cumstances, and the circumstances which render a repre sentative constitution suitable to the English and Ameri cans may be very different from those under which another people have been formed. We had but too many ex amples of this in South America, where one revolution has constantly followed. on the heels of another, and no . government can acquire cons i s t ency . Th e want i n g of tr .ining and inconceivable i a norance of the French Cana diles, according to this author, who, be it remarked, has had ample personal experience to enable him to judge, oppose formidable obstleles to the proper exercise of the privileges with which they have been vested. " Although," he says, " for nearly half a century the inha bitants of Lower Canada had possessed the privilege of elect leg one of the Houses of Legislation, the greater part of them, certainly, had hot taken that interest it, the ordinary course of public affairs, or enjoyed that diffusion of the simpler elements of education, without which no system could h e suc cessful that should throw all the higher branches of Govern ment into the hands of the people. Unable to read and write, scattered over a vast territory, and never appro:lching the seat of Government a population, such as that of Lower Canada, must depend, even for the knowledge of facts, upon the words of those delegates whom they ought to he able to call to ac count. The representative power is left without the only re srotisibility provided fur it by the Constitution ; and the t••n dency too surely is, that a few slitSuld wield the pretended authority of the many, an oligarchy reign in the name of the people. To any one who lass visited Lower Canada, this is "letter not of speculation, but of observation. Taken in a smaller circle, the accordance of similar privileges to the people would have been excellent. The election of offi cers in a parish or township in a county, where the evil of every careless or interested choice would appear before the voters in a palpable and corporeal shape, would have been a truly efficient means of training a p,ople rather new to the duties of freemen. But in Lower Canada we began by givin g diem a popular power in one of its highest forms alone ; the scene in which their delegate act, I s ret c u o fni n io d t my u c t t h d e i s t g a e n n t e i r n a tdan of r p e c , li e :c:e t t , s e and i t n h difficult ffi o c r co t un , ls t te l i g e tuoe :- d i e ; i o ess l e e no o tf' p m i h ) g e i of experience such as pre-upposes a high state of enlightenment ; and when this ex perirtent las signally failed in creating a lively and accessible public opinion in Low er C ana d a , t h e Goverment bas found itself m o: more alreadyci‘crleisep responsibilities i h b e i' a . i‘tiiel heavily p na o tu n re tl o ie people fwhichse and called duties u up o , n o t f o t I h ie e e on them." But we must conclude our extracts far the present. On a future day we shall retort to this pamphlet. We cannot, however, aaoid here observing, that it appears after all, that the French Canadians have not even had the justiticetion of hating had their money taken from them. " There has been no outward and visible sign to summon their angry feelings ; their moneys still lie where so long they base loved to keep them, buried in the vaults beneath the Cha teau-yard."—Morning Chronicle. The business which shortened the recess, namely, the revolt in Canada, will necessarily occupy the attention of Parliament this day. There appears most seasonably, at the very period of its re-assembling, a pamphlet on " The Canadian Controversy," the production of a gentleman who, in a pre'iminaty notice, states that " he has had some occasion to make himself acquainted with the Canadian controversy, and some opportunity to obtain a local and rather intimate personal knowledge of men and things ia the province." Th oug h t h e pamp hl et d oes not profess to he official, and the writer, indeed, expressly " warns the reader against supposing that whatever opinions he will find here are any other than flee private opinions of the cuthor," we think we cin venture to claim for this pamphlet more authority than has been claimed for it by its author, who has throughout scrupulously supported his statements by a reference to official docu ments. Many men who profess a strong abhorrence of bloodshed, and who said allow in the abstract that a people should not have recourse to arms except in the last resort, have yet strangely enough forgot their principles in judg ing of the conduct of the French Canadians. It is happily observed by the writer of this pamphlet in the outset that— " With a view to forming a judgment on the righ:s of the present struggle, it is needless t o di scuss eac h stage of the British Government's past policy. Throughout, until the present crisis, that policy has been yielding. Whwever, there fore, may have been its merits in other respects—whether the concessions that were successively made ought to have b-en postponed or qualified, or as some think altogether withi-M— -it is not the less certain that the fit return for them cannot have been rebellion, and that those who most loudly demanded them cannot Row plead these as their reasons for plunging their followers into a deadly contest, their Church and insti tutions into danger, and their country at large into the miseries of a civil war." A fact is stated in a note with regard to the grievance on which Mr. Roebuck has rung the changes, the failure of the lteecivcr-General for upwards of 96,0001., and the mismanagement of neglecting to take securities, b) which the loss fell on the colony. " What is certain," says the writer, " is, that the province now ha; in its hands a very valuable landed estate of Sir Jo!in Caldwell's (the Receiver), for which 150,000/, were offered a couple of years ago, while the remaining principal of his debt to the province does not exceed 52,000/., and that the sale having been deferred till it can be effected to the satis faction of the 116 use of Assembly, a Receiver is in the mean while appointed to gather the rents and profits on behalf of the province." Having briefly alluded to the relations between the prov:nce and the British Government down to 1828, when the Canadian petitions were referred to a Committee of the House of Commons, the writer pronounces the followii g opinion on the conduct of the House of Assembly prior to anti subsequent to that period : " The sitting of this Committee io 1828 fornr a very im portant era in the history of Canadian affairs. The epinit n of the writer of these pages (and he wishes to lay particular stress on the admission contained in the first part of it) is, that up to that period the Assembly was right in almost every one of the complaints which it preferred, and that in a re newed statement which it made of the same and of some ad ditional grievances in 1331 it acted in good faith, and with good reason; but that when the whole of those grievances were put into course of adjustment, and several of the most distinguished, the most able, and most upright of the former adversaries of Government were thus detached from the Ca nadian opposition, it was an evil-minded knot of men who directed the counsels of the party that remained—men ren dered desperate by the fear of losing the power which they had hitherto enjoyed through the wrongs of the people, and therefore determined to spare no effort to prolong the quarrel ; and that this was the spirit in which they fastened at last upon a demand for constitutional changes, which, if granted, would consolidate their dominion over all the institutions of the country ; if refused, would serve them with a perpetual pretext for keeping up confusion." The author shows that the redress recommended by the The Elrl and Countess of Shrewsbury are enter tainiug at their splendid seat, Alton Towers, a fashionable party, anto,ig the company are, the Marquix and Marehionuess of Carmarthen, the Marquis of Dauro, the Earl of Cadooan, Mr. and Lady Juliana Bayley, Lord Killeen, & c . & e. " DREAmING.—About twelve o'clock in the night of Tuesday, the 19th ult., a young man, twenty years of age, residing with his father, Mr. William Lewin, farmer of Le verington, near Wisbech, was awakened by a d ream that somebody was stealing his father's wool and setting the granary on fire : he instantly arose, dress e d hi mself, went down into the yard, and perceived a light in the gran a ry where the wool was kept, but as the place was not On fire, he suspected some one wai in it, and slily approached the stable adk.ining ; peeping through a erCV2CC in the partition, lite observed a lamp burning, and two men putting fleeces of wool into sacks. In returning to inform his father, he saw at a distance two more fellows with a cart and a horse, and sup posed they were waiting to receive the plunder. On Mr. Lewin, tho father, being awakened, he got up, and they both went down stairs, but fearful of attacking so powerful a ban ditti, they let out the dog, secured the doors and windows, and prudently remained in the house till the thieves marched off with the plunder. Fifty-eight fleeces were stolen, but we arc happy to hear that six rogues have been appre hended. THE SUN, 1.40 N DON, TUESDAY, JANUAR.Y- Ci-?.44 OF CAI% - .4 &LS, III() K. STOCKS, . LONDON FIIIDAV, JAN. 12. Price Ntinpoi Di v, I,ilenil CANAL S. per ; 11 'irc.r.. -Atitii' , ..?., , . , - •Pl'i , !. 1,1111 , . 1,74;"( i'C.,`. i'lint. .180 ton and Oldham.... AVertsge :la. ii,, , 3. Ih. 1:* I. 182 4/. Asi•day.,de.le- Zona , .. ....... Average 113/. sh. 35 1,:r0 finsiligstolte ..,..- ........ ~ ....... . ......... IC.OI. *h. 5 1,006 /. . Eke 2 ..94 •,.id. 4hprgi7cujit -; i 5( • sh• Pit 3. ' 000 1-1 . 04 h DI. es, Stralionliili - oi 1.0 5 1 1 rlt•tie :- .. ;:; 'it - , f. 711 - 2 S ) 4,0:11) Oittc A.,:i 1,1•Ccrpoo! J unct...1•2:11• rh. lir -pd 26 COO :7. Bridgow.diir and faunton ....WO?. *h. ail pit 61 400 4Z. . , , „, , C 1 19 11,, e.Y. nod Black water lOOl sh. Int 500 181. ..., -• • ......... • *; ",.01 sh 701) CovCrip ;:" ^ r" --.1:.-t ' ; • 1.1515 .. !:, . r' 'l, i' i 4 iil po I- ii. 311.' A. 1,114.. eh. 3 2,0601 4). 03. Maley .... ... • _ itr , /. sh. r 3 o'l9 71. Derby to,ooo ....,.... Ltariii,i,,, , , m il "i4:,Frie „. .. ....... .. 41/. 13s 41 pd 3: ?i 3,51;51 ;,/.. gt.te,irye Mid Cileitet ... :::Aveirle l'ol. Oa. 77 •-:.:•-i 4 , 0'. hip , p,A II ....... • I '''' • • . '' . ii. €ti. /00 1.297 TU. Firth , iid Clyde 1 verve 1 .1 1 4'..1.105. th. rlO - 11,000 10/. Grand Jurietifir. l ,io/. sh. 2 - •:0 1',...149,1 It. Wind Udion", - ' ''• - -- - 1001. sh. 25 11 3 0 / t.ii.i. Cii-.,llSiiiiaiii ....i., , •' •• - - VW. sh. 20 10,000 1 . 11. prr emit . DIV o (optional) I., , aii IIIVI. 70 3,t/91 Grand IVosterii GM 13/. Pls. Id. Glam,,rganshire, Avr raze cost 1721. 1:18. 4 , 1. 210 . '749 Int: Glittithinu.,. .:.. . ••.., ~,,, R ,tn V. Os Ililaael•s!ttlfl -• g '''''!2's ' 01 ; it.. 61, t.ll. 37 t oo Kensington 100 sh _an pct. 10 25,328 11. Is. Kennet •n 1 Avon, Average 39/.184.101. sh 24 2,071. 211. Leeds and Liverpool 100/.lh. (0.) 54;11 IV; I'o/ sh 20 It:iceitBr • •,' ' " " ' .. . I i' , l-ii 4/. 1;/s. Ltla r iecti Ind net t, ,, .K1!'i1 , tc. ,i ! , . , A ' l, er ISf• :os. DI 2,400 'lO/. Monmouthshire 10u/ .sh. 2n , 1!) 181. Melton nowbray 10n1 •h. 200 SOO , 25 1 , Mersey and irweil IOU/. sh. bll5 n,iiiil) 14 itii, a1.4,•0,.,ir ir .td• .•. • •- • i 00! sh all pd. 52 A.l 1 . 11, O d o r - 1 1 _ , 0/ , 511: n 5 1,786 SO/. rd I 0 ,, / sh. 530 2 i 4110 5/. Pen!, Fort-4 A vt• - 1..;_ , ,e about 7SI. sh. 114 10.13 12s. Regeitrs (or London) Aver. 'lO/. IN. Fd. rh. NI 5 4 1 :V 9 1. Ptt Ont. . 1 .00 -, 11r.1e .1 4 - 1it!T;1:.../....^,critge 8•5/. eh. 111 WO 81. :Shropshire J'A.ll. eh. I:18 800 AL 10s. Soinerinq Coal 150/ sh. 151! 10/. Ids. sh. 3,600/. 41 percent Ditto bock ,ock Fond Stock 700 • 491; Ftnfrorti Ind Worcester I io/. sh. 710 500 Di. 8.1 - ivestriri , • .., •• • •,• - • - 125/. sh. Oct) `dish N i. iltonrhritigit • -ihia 5t(a.13f4; 0. z3O 3,617 21. is. Strafford-en -Ay ii ... Average 791. 92. Cal. sit. 50 533 IV. w,i.tnstia 3,N2 It, 15S. , -,rtrli ;mit Wye and Railway -Av 35/. sh. ON, i,4l)olth. 321. 1:15. 'atilt and 1 51 craj, I shire - - 1001. sh. 560 8,112 Thames 11.1 Niecivray...Afet. WI. fit 3,1, sh. 2 1,008 h./ thi Warwick add Birmingham lOO/. sh 265 108101sh:j 039 41. Waririek and llatit RV. sh. IRS film .I t .tis. WO:ft!! •t slid Plrtriliinhidl...4t,v.76/.98. sh 79, 1,0110 25 a . Wilts an i Berk* .. Averag ell7l. 11 -1 1 r. r , ). eh. 22 100 31. Wyrley and Essington lO5/. sh 75 i t-is - • Wisbeach . 1051. sh. 45 PO5 11. IVe2 atti Arun •- -• 110/.Bh. 9 1 1 MONO; fifso.o* } Sp. so Commerc i a l 100/. sh. 1,06514 h 428Pilit I tier tit. East India • 'Stock 1.2.311,:3T0 f 4 50s. n.et. Letlfth 41.4;?.....4 • • - ' Stock limo Buda. Ji ... ' . oi;l2;ii,! 1,130,00111: 441. p; et. West India Stock 2,2119 D. I Is. 13filt‘il 0n,394/i 3.4, Per centi Datti, Notes, rations amounts 1,152,7 W 41 per cent. SL KAN:it'd: l j ii , ... 4: 1 4:1...: 4• •- • • Stock 501,15)0 41 per Ilea. Ditto Winds - .11.411. 441•4.1. iOO,OOl 5 'Cr cent. Ditto Bonds tor 10 years Slitirehain Ilnibtittr • 21 'd ........ H!titlet ,l 'lei:, •••,...-- - - 901. sh. a/. B RI 1111GLO. I,fro let Hammeram , ti 5ll/. sh. 7,211 •• •• • Sbtithwark, Old ~,;;.......Ay. 63/ 2s Bd. sh. . 1,!4!11 If, 11, 1 11 Plitili Nei', 01 - 71 Per cent; ••• 'Ol. sh. 5,000 Waterloo 1,000 131. 11. Ditto, Old Annuities of '. , 1. Ol. pd i,qop lrhi: Id; Ditto, New Ditto of 71 4O/. pd Pb,tlV. al: re instil. Olttid Otilids • • , bor 1• Its Vkiflilii,..i,,ii . :,:::2”siitr.7,o/: 10s. M. sh. ASsi. l ) RANCE comi l Ai;ir..i. 2,001 ft Ins Albion 5001. sh. 501. pit (5 per cent 1 0 , 0 0 0 1 and . 15 ...•1 Alliance, British k Foreign lOW. sh. 10f,/. pd i0,011i) . ftpei ail 1111 1 .6; Sisifilit 24,1510 11 per sh. Atlas •.- ~1 304. ell. it.: p(i 1,200 Ish. el. Birmingham 1 ire 2501. sh. 151. pd 20;001) 41 ter spent: British Fire 112,14 - in I. tier cent. ritltiSh,Ciirriinercial 501. sit 5/, pd 5,(1()0 si. percent. Clerical, MddiAlitt l s.l.l.fe 1C01;sh, 221 . 05 pd 4,000 21 IS County 100/. iti. 10!. pd 22,(k10 is. Eagle et. sh. 51. pd „,,,,, ti Per ienta 4:- F. t a ii got t „,3 a r•onotlie I.llc .ii •• - -100 W. sh. 250!. pd 11,271 225. per cent. lluropean Li.. . ithq. el!. 01 pd 29 10,0'0/) 2.1. Ditto, New FO/. sh. 2/. Ix! li 1,000•000/. 71. per ek Globe ~ Stock 155 20. 00 0 Si' Gliardian ii..i lOO/. sh. 271/ pd 33 1.0,000 6%. 1181. Hope ............. 1 ..... ...,•.ii .....•iiftol.oh. .41: pd 6 4,:410 it. 7s• Od. Imperiat Fire '5OO/. sh. 5411. pd 1261 7,500 Ss. Im-,,trial bile 100/. sh. 10/. pd 10 13,451 4/. per test. Indemnity Shrine... 11 1 01. sh. 81. psi 19 2,021 sl 10s Kest Fire 50!. sh. all pd 112 11. Ditto Life 1 0 , -00 . 165, Law Life 100 /. sh. 10 /. pd 25 1 ö IRA/ 115. London, Fire 25/. sh. 121. 10s. pd 151 3,900 10s. Londcu, Shlii 9 51 sh. IW. 10s. NI 154 30,000 it per cent. Palladium Lifr 'll,l l/ sh. 2!. pd 211 s ild 50,000 4/. per sent. Protrs-tor For. "1)!. sh. V. pd 17.081 2,520 U. Provident Die IOW. sh. I: 1 1. pd 19 100,000 Is. Rock Life 20/. sh. U. pd 61 1 8 9,200/ W. per rent. Royal Exch,hge stock... 2051 6,000 1 per cent. University I.ife lOO/. sh. 5!. pd 5; 60,000 4 per cent. United Kingdom Life JOINT STOCK BANKS - _ .. 107 57,1 9) 25,004 8 percent. Agrie. and Cuinm. of Ireland 251. sh. 10/. pd 5,001 Australasia 4O/. sh. 40/. pd 10,004 10 per cent. Bank of Bi 1 mina-ham 5(l. eh. 101. pd 10,000 14 per cent. Birmingham Bank 5O!. sh. Si. pd 30,001 i per cent. London and Weatmiarter...lool sh. 20/. pd 3,000 4 per cent. lame:ster lOOl. sin 201. pd 116,0041 Liverpool 1001 eh. 101. pd 50,000 71 per vent Manchester and Liverpool] 400/. . h. IN pd Discount 20,0041 7 per cent. Manchester 1004 sh. 25/ pd 20,000 Provincial Bank of 1 reland 100/. sh. 25/. pi 201e0 National Bank of Ireland - 501. sh 111/. pd 10,000 to per cent. National Provincial Eng. - 1001. sh. 351. pd 10,000 Gloucestershire 5Ol. sh. 10!. pd 6,004 leper cent. Hampshire ' 5Ol. eh. 5/. pd GAS LIGHT AND COM': COMPANIES. 3,500 Il Se 6tl Bath 'JO/. eh. 101. pd 5,000 British 4O/. sh. 161. pd 5,0041 ILI:1,7 . 7;1 Ditto Provincial 2Ol. eh. 19 1 0 - 211 5/ 108 Birmingham 1,2511 2/ Os Bristol 2o'. sh. 1,500 3/ 10a Brighton 2Ol. eh. 750 31 Ills Ditto, New 2,171 44 per cent. Brighton General 9 01. sh. all pd 4,000 41. Continental Consolidated lOOl. 6214 pd 1,000 10!. City of London '"01. sh. all pd 1, 11 01 6/. Ditto, New I ,ono 4/.los. Equitable 'o/. pd 10, 0 00 21 per cent. Imperial 5O/. sh. MG 5L per cent. Isle of Thanet 0 51. sh. 201. pd 2,350 6!. per cont. I ndependent 9O/. sh. all pi 9,000 N. per cent. Phoenix 5O/. sh. 7391. pd 1,00(1 4/. per cent. Itatelill' 1001. sh. FO/. pd - 4,011) South Metropolitan 5 Ol. sh. 1111. pi 8,200 51. per cent. United General 5O/. sh. 461. pd 210 N. per cent. Warwick 501. sh. 4 1 10 111. per cent Wakefield 251. sh. 120)0 3!. Westminster Chartered 6,000 12e. Ditto New BC,O Yarmouth. 20/. sh. 18/. pd WATER wort Ks. 4,800 9s. Birmingham 251. sh. 25/ pd 1,434 61. East London lOOl. sh. 5,500 21 10. Grand Junction ....Average 41/ 13s. 4d. sh. 2,000 2/. Kent lOO/. sh. 379 10/. Liverpool Bootle 220/. sh. 1,500 2110 a New hoer London Bridge Water Annuities 6,48(1 1/ ISa Manchester and Salford lOOl. sh. 1,000 4 per rent. Smith London 100/. sh. 8;294 4/, West Middlesex ....Average 63/. Its. !Id. sh. 060 11 11 4 York Building Co. Lessee Prop 1001. sh. IRON RAILWAYS. 6,000 20/. pd Birmingham and Derby .. . 9,540 Birmingham and Gloucester 1241, pd 7,500 Birmingham, Bristol, and Thames Junction 15,( 00 Bristol and Exeter 1001. sh. 10 pd 661 Calcutta and Sainzur 5Ol. sh. 2/. isd 7.00 . ... Cheltenham and G. Western...! l lol. sh. 741 3,009 ... Clarence lOO/. eh. 100/. pd 1'2,0(t) Commercial Blackwall 5 1 -t. sh. 2/. pd 8,000 Dublin and Kilkenny.. lOO/. eh. 24 pd 10,000 Eastern Counties '5l. sh. 7,1. p I .... ..... ((rand Junction 100/. sh. 95!. 1,1 Great North of England 25, 1 :a0 Great Western lOO/ sh. 551. 0 2,0 ,, 0 112.rtlepoo' 3,000 Hull and Selby 501. *h. 101. pd 0,003 Leeds and Manchester 1001. ch. 5/, pdl 2,1110 3/. per cent. Le e d s an d Selby.- ..... lOO sh. 1,500 11.55. Leicester end Swannington ....5 0 /. sh. all pd 5,101 10 per rent. Liverpool and Manchester...lo( /..1). 100!. pi 10 per cent. Ditto Quarter Shares " 5 /. pd 736,009 London and Brighton all. sh. 51 pd 12,1(4 London and Blackwell 5O/. sh 31. pd el l lOO 3 per cent. London and Greenwich -so/. SIC 20/. pd 25,00) London and Birmingham ...100/. sh. 00/. pd Ditto Quarter Shares 5/ pd 2(),( 00 London and South ornpton ....`Ol. sh. 531. Ditto ditto New..... !cl. 7,000 London and Croydon Trunk 5(1. sh. 2 I. p 7,0 0 Ditto Scrip l4/. sh. 5!. pd 12,000 London Grand Junction 5 1 1/ sh. 51. pd 10,004 11.-nehester and Birmingham-70/.Bh 51. pd North Mistland 100?. Os. P 5/. pd Northe'i and Eastern lOO/. sh. al. pd 2,600 Preston and Wyre 50!. sh. 6'l. pd 01,+ 1) ...... .. South Eastern and Doerr 7l. psi 1,1010 le/. per cent. Stockton and Darlington !Wash. 1,01)0 ......... This. ee I laren 5O/..h 2/. 10s. pd 1,4(4) Westminstei and Greenwich Si)!. sh. 2/. pd 6,000) York and North Midland 5O . sh. 01. pd MINES. 2,000 Albion Copper 5/. sh. nit. pi 1,000 I/. f's. .1 lben I ,l. sh. 121. Ills pd 10,004 ... ..... Anglo Mexican, iss. 51. pm.... 1001. sh. all )el Ditto Subscription .9.5/. po 2,000 1 1. Bolanos 10,000 11. Ios Braailian Imp iss. 5/. pm 15/. sh. 20/ id 6,1) , 0 Macatilias az Ciscacs United...2sl.Bh 2341. pd 11,1 00 Ditto St. John Del Rcy 201. sh. 111. pd 10,144) notirAr Copper Company 20/. sh. 211/. pd 10,0(10 ...- .... Dittts Scrip 10/. sh. F./. pd 20,000 British Iron y'l. ih. 5 , / psi 6,000 British Copper 5/. sh. 131. pd Cato Branca... 64/. pd Can longa ...... I! Copiapo 2O/ sh 1211 pd Colitinbian, iss, 51. pm. English l2l its. pd General Mining Association...2ol. sh. 15/. pd Mexican Couipatuy Bata sh 551/. pd Polherou Consols. l(7. sh 3/. pd Real del Motile, Unregistered Ditto Loan Notes l5O/. psi United Mexican, iss. 2 pus ....401. sh. all pd Dit t. Scrip Ditto New Scrip 5/ isd West Cork 5 ' . 1. sh. 50/. pd LITERARY INSTITUTIONS. 1,000 London, with Bronze Ticket ...... ...1531. sh. 1,500 London University 100/. sh. all pd 100 Russell O/ga. sh. King' College lOO4 pd MISCELLANEOUS 10,000 15s. Australian Agrirultural....loo/. sh 2T.4/. psi 6,000 4/ rcr cent. British American Land Company.,. 21)f. le i ;o,o'o 61 per cent. Canada Compans' 1001. sh. 2111. pd 200,00 51 per cent. Upper Canada Loan City Bonds, 4 per cent 15,000 I/. fis. General Steam Navigation ...151. sh. 131. pd 1101. per cent. Hudson's Bay Stock 2,00 0 It. London Cons. Sale Rooms Av. 75/. sh. 4,000 Caoutehotic Company 251. sh. 21/. pd New Brunswick Land Company 4 , 1. pd 4, 75,4 5/. per cent.. 11rversionary Interest Soc 100/. sh. Inn/. lxi 2,4571 bl. per cent. Ditto New 100/. sh. 71/. pd 1,4441 '1 homes Tunnel 50/. sh. all isd 11%000 6s, Van Die [lnn's Land 100/. sh. 17/. pd 31 240 04 10,000 5,500 •• 2,530 5!. 6,15") '1,0( to 11,500 ?0,000 ...... 19 1j 11 127 j Ali fi LIST OF SCOTTISH. COMPANIES' PRICES DEC. 30, 1837. BANKS. /.500,00 44 . 61. p. et. Bank of Scotland ......83/. Gs Sd. sh. all pd 100/. 2,000.0 V. 51 p. ct. Rov•tt of Scotland 1001. sh. all pd 1011. r,00,01(1. op. ct. British Linen Company 1001.5 h. :.I1 pil 20 , 1/ 3,000,00C1. 61/. p. ct. Commercial 5OOl. :h. 100/. pd 1701. 6,100,000.. , .. ct N., tional lOO/.211. 101. pd 10/. 2 , 000,0(101. 61. p. ct. Olzsgow Union 211/. sh. 00/. pd C9'. g,000,009/. 4p. ct. Western of Scotland 2001. sh 301. pd 391/. INSURANCE COMPANIES. .)5 , .000 sh 611). ct. Scott;sh Union 9 01. sh. 1/, pd fris - ,500 61 :). ct. Hercules lOO/. sh. 101. pd 13/ 15. 'mo* sp. ct. Insurance Co. of Scotland ....101. sh. all pd 6/ 5s 50,000 6p. ct. North British .2001. sh. 10/. pd CI. I,OIXI sp. ct. Caledoni:tn Fire 100/. sh. 10!. pd 10! 0. 5,0“) Cp. et. Edinburgh Life 1001. sh. 104 pi 14/10s 100,000 2; p. ct. West of Scotland lOl. pd it Ps MISCELLANEOUS 4,510 Edin. and Was. Un. Canal 501. sh. all pd '2 `2 1 . Ditto Allocated 9(01. sh. all pd G3l. 5,100 5 per cont. Edinb. Joint Sttlyk Water 25/. sh. all pd 84/ Carron Iron i 'off:patty , 30/.sh. all pd 43/. ?,000sh 15 per cent. Shotts Iron FounOery 50/. sh 3 , 1. pd 4 .i1 1 0,047.) 3 per cent. Edinburzli& Leith Glass 201.0. i 6/. I A si/ 4,500 !Opel: ent. Edinburgh Coal Gas 251. Ell, all tat 581, 4,450 10 per cent. Glasgow Gas 251. sh. all pd 61/ 759 7i pet" cent. Leith Coal Gas 20/. sh. all pd 45/ 1,206 Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway...so/. sh 1.01. 2,000 5 ptr rent. Equitable Loan Company 25/. sh. 91 pd IC/. (ADVERTISEMENT. T I E I.) LNG 'S A SS CCI .1- TION. to reeetaldish it. ilndA' the plea of fighting against hip - ery and abeelreism, cur rulers sent tht.ir bands of ignorantessassins, - to enable another set of plunderers, worse even titan the fernier, to keep belt the progress of freedom. And by their tieell..cirtfanized s ystem cf falsehood, too successfully imposed the befit tor epular credulity. But the republican insurrec tions at Cadiz and all the prize towns in fermi'. of the Constitution of 1812 (which m were suppressed by English soldiers and sailors), give the lie to those who contend that they were sCtlt there to tight in favour of freedom. Snider demenstrations in favour of liberty have been crushed in Portugal; rtiel that by similar means—proving, that though the despots of the world may quarrel for territory of plunder, they arc cordially - united to keep the pee le in subjectioti. Fellow-producers of wealth, seeing our oppressors arc thus' united, WHY SHOULD NOT WE, TOG, HAVE OUR BOND OF eitofereiroon AND lIOLV ALLIANCE ? Seeing that they ate powerful through cur ignorance, ashy should not we unite to teaeli our brethren a knowledge of their rights and duties? Perceiving that their power is detived from our ranks, why gliottld not we unite in holy zeal to show the injustice of war, the cruelty of despetien, and the misery it entails tyon our specii - s? Be assured, brother Deettoerate, that the success crow prier.- cilcl s, the consequent happincati of Mankind, will hese depend on our urilon and knowledge. We must not rely ent the mere excitation of the multitude to condemn bad men or nitigtlrte, or to ch inge ore despot for another—we must IN, blur to ditlase. such political, social, and moral information among them, as shall eeeble them to found their institutions on principles of equality, truth, end justice. And what man can look around him and witness the govern ments that any ways approximate to those principles of liberty, and contrast tile comfort and happiness of the inhabitants, with those founded on exclusive power and privilege, without being pfereesessed in their favour ? Those of the Cantons of Switzerland, where universe', suffrage is established, trades, manufactures, and agriculture , combined, in spite of fat eign intrigues and persecutions are blessed with intelligence and happiness in proportion as they arc free. The republic of America (cursed as it is with rem nants of royal dominion,) is a beacon to freedom, and even the inhospitable shores of Norway bear witness in favour of democracy. Let u', therefore, brethren, cultivate feelings of fraternity among nations, and brotherly union in our respective countries. Let es not be so ignorant as to allow ourselves to be oonvorted into soldiers, police, or any other of the infamous tools, by' which despotiern is upheld and our brethren enslaved. Let us be prepared to make any sacrifice in the dissemination of truth, and to cultivate feelings of toleration between Jew:, Catholic, Protestant, or Dissenter. Let us respect the con scientious belief and opinions of each other ; knowing how much depends on the education we receive, the books we read, he conversations WO hear, and the Government we live under; TO THE WORKING CLASSES OF EUROPE, Aq's ESPECIALLY TO THE POLISH PEOPLE. BRETHREN reply to ft e nem.e,ats who le cently addressed us, we beg it might he encierstOati r , et , !: enly by them, l,ut l:y the wor'eing, classes of Europe; that while we afe tO diffuse a know], dge of true princi ples among our own brethren, are not unmindful of that great principle of Demosraey that " all mankind aft' Proil , crs." slnd theugh the .e-version of truth and justice has called forth the c]';clusiVe of the few, to conspire and rebel againh the happiness of the maey ; yet knaryledge have exland_d the intellect of mankind, they esseredly petccie thet all tine nations of the esr h have, in reality, bet one brothrrly interes t . Possessing this conviction, we feel Perg'.faleel that every cf. fort thst can be made towards eradicating those naficiflal pre. jadices and 1,1 ! , oil which the selfish and despotic rulers of Mankind have implanted e.rifl rerpetuated for tt.eir ad vantage, will tend towards that great consumniaf 0* "ational and Universal Itirppiness, when equality of rights shall be esti: blisl'ed,and when " own Shill! Ifiz , e one anotlar." And we know no better means of etreeting this righteous object, than by availing ourselves of those great rigLO privilegeS of hilffiatiity eount•:, men have achieved through persecution and death, and ii7lik•lt y0.!,7 oppressors have un justly deprived you of, or prevented you from vbtai , ing—we mean the right of investigating and inquiring thresigh the means of public mecilny.7, open discussions, and the press (stamped and trammelled as it i s), nbiela is the most desirable form of government—the best mode of instfiXtiog the people —the mojt eamorpical mode of producing wealth, and the bast means of its just dist , ihtition—sand of causing all the corrup tions and anomalies of Church, State, and belividuals, to psss in review before the great tribunal of public opinion, frem vhich all powor should emanate, and to which alone it should he re'ponsible. True it is, that the friends of freedom, throughout the Con tinent, have ; ust cause to remember with feelings sit (Accretion the base eondtwt of site Government of England, in secretly undermining or openly Oppo:iit l iv er y attempt they have made to check the inroads of despotism, or to advance the cause of Demoerey; 'But it should be remembered, that the name rampant spirit of Arigtoeraey, which by a corrupt legislative assembly, a hypocritical money-loVing priesthood, and a stand ing army of soldiers, placemen, pensioners, attl eepectants, keep the Woelsinr s. , millions in ignorance and subjection ; have been, and still continue tO be, the persecutors of liberty through out the world ; and not the reflecting portiOri of the people of Englgtid: But, brethren, We think we have discovered the great secret of their power—it is our ofilri iynorauce qt society and of go. vernment, our prejudices, disunion, and diettost j and we teed that our enlightrsnment, union, and confidence, will beat dis solve this unholy comeaa of deepotism. Fellow- Workmen, have you ever atoned yourselves by what powerful spell are the productive millions of Europe held in subjection to a puny, itOignificant number of human beings? If you have not, begin now to Inquire; and we think that reflection Will convince you, that the people themselves have raised up and conlintit • to support those few idols of wealth and power, which constitute at dnCe their fear and adoration, The friolish nepirations after power, the lust of riches, and the servile fear difftised thiroughout society, prepare mankind for the concentration of their ouin Jetlinlpf,in the power; pomp, and pageantry of a Crown. WhO—instead of questioning the choice and fitneSe, for of fice are the first to iedw ikfore the antiquated name of royalty —to admire the splendid show stild littleness of folly--s.to swell the shOish train of flatterers, who, by their e'rinesing s make and mould the tyinitit '.-who but the giddy unreflecting people? By whose labours are the eitedels and fortifications of files , P otinn erected, and all the waste and profligßey of courts and camps upheld ?--eThepeople's, who glory in the means which keep them slaves. Where, but from the ranks of labour, hnee the despots of Europe raised their aliting slaves to keep their brother slaves in awe ? Who, but the people themselves, form the warlike phalanx round their tyrants' thrones, and glory in the privilege to wear their slavish trappings, and at some minion's bidding, drench the land with blood? Who, but the people, toil from birth to death, and thou sands pine in misery, to stipport these idle few in all their op pressions and debaucheries, and think it just to do so ?---nay bow before the hireling priest who impiously declares that God has ordained it • Democrats of Europe—you aspire to place liberty upon the throne of justice—to establish the laws on the basis of equa lity—and to awaken the dormant faculties of mind to appre ciate the social and political happiness of our race—be nastired, that though the power of despotism can check the progress of knowledge, it is the ignorance of our brethren which generates and fosters the despot. What thousand ineffectual efforts of freedom have been crushed by ignorance ? How many millions of generous hearts, panting for liberty, have been sacrificed by the allied despots of Europe ; backed up as they have ever been with the igno rance and fanaticism of millions ? When young freedom first broke her bonds of servility in France, and proclaimed the eternal rights of humanity, how few of her enthusiastic sons could appreciate the blessing ? When in noble daring she stretched forth her hand to emancipate Italy, to enfranchise Germany, and to raise up Switzerland from her political le thargy—what were the powers that paralysed her generosity ? The ignorance and prejudices of the masses ; subjecting them to he the slaves of priests and nobles, and the blind instruments of the wealth and title-hunting minions of despotism: The " altar and the throne" formed the magic spell by which Eu ropean despots kindled the flame of loyal fanaticism, and, the blind confidence reposed in an ambitious chieftain, rivetted anew the chains of kingcraft and priesteraft. Her subsequent struggles for freedom have again been fruitless of benefits to those who bled to effect it—the courageous few who broke the dominion of legitimacy in France, and who sought to esta blish equal rightsfor all, were constrained by the prejudices of the many in favour of royalty, to set up the idol of wealth on the ruinsatf privilege. The strange infatuation and foolish fears which cause the present electors of France to support a soulless tyrant in power, who, despite of oaths and protentations, has sacrificed one by one the liberties of their country, and now mocks them with his boasted alliances with despots—afford another pre sumptuous proof that principles are sacrificed by ignorance ; or that conviction of mind has yet engendered determination of purpose to expel such perfidious tyrant from their soil. The brave Belgians, touched by the electric spark excited by the heroes of July, united in subduing one species of des potism to fill the united victims of another. Their pauper King, by exciting national prejudices against Dutchmen, by a corrupt press, and a system of German espionage, have suc ceeded in nullifying their revolution, and in keeping back the tide of political improvement—the work he was set by Whigs and Tories to perform. In turning to Poland, the land of Kosciusko, what, let us inquire, was the curse that withered the principles of her ancient liberty, and hastened her downfall ? It was the curse of privilege. It was the prejudice of caste, the offspring of ignorance, the source of political and social degradation, that paralized the enthusiasm of the generous few who sought to free their country. But it should also be remembered, that the nobility of Po land, by diplonizey, intrigue, and domestic despotism, were the immediate or accelerating cause of her subjug,a . ion. Taking advantage of national prejudices, by holding the mil !ions as property inseparable from their soil, they destroyed the only effective energies that could resist the thsolating pro gress of Russian barbarity. When the news of her recent struggle called forth the sym pathy of every friend to freedom, what was the reason assist ance was withheld them? The people of France had foolishly prostrated their liberties before their Citizen King—the pro"- totype orNicholas himself. The English, charmed with their Sailor Idol and his reforming Ministry, lauded and admired their pacific policy !—like their successors, very pacific when despotism is crushing the liberties of a country, but vigorous and warlike when liberty has the chances in her favour (as their present policy in Canada testify). The Russian tyrant thus secure, and openly encouraged by the despots of the. Continent, recklessly p ursued his victim—not a vtice was raiscd to cheer, or an arm to defend her—Poland was even tually conquered—her sons have been persecuted and scattered through the earth, acid her daughters have become the reward of her ferocious spoilers. Heavens grant that her children may gather such seeds of democracy in their exile, as at no distant perk(' may be planted in their cherished country, to produce the fruits of national freedom and enlightened bro therhood. Passing onward to the German and other despotic states, what let us ask, has generated their iron system of injustice ? Why are sit the powers of each state (the laws, revenues, Church, education, end the press) vested in one man ? Evi dently because of the ignorance of the multitude; an enlightened people never would submit to despotism. Whence came their soldiers, spies, and iefermers, but from the ranks of the people ?—and who would consent to be such miscreant tools of despotism, but the morally depraved and mentally ignorant ? It has been the enlightened few in all countries whose (-mic rons efforts to improve their species have been frus:n'ed through the cowardice or servility of the masses; and b",-'.en made to bleed on the scaffold, to pine in the d ungeon, or be come wanderers through the world. Need we revert to Hanover, where the prejudice in favour of hereditary sway has enabled a Tory. chieftain ,to set aside constitutional tights, and play the tyrant with impunity;—and shame to the servility of that country—the conscientious pro fessors of Gottingen have been banished at the Royal man date, because they would not break their oaths to enslave their country, Think you, if the intelligence and courage found among the students of that city pervaded the multitude, such infamous tyranny would escape the justice it so highly merits? In Italy, where liberty ha's stamped immortality on her very ruins—where every step i ecalls the greatness of the past to mock the littleness of the present—the multitude (slaves to priest or prince) are insensible to the lesson. The ardent few, who, brooding over their illustrious forefathers, catch the in spirations of freedom, are, by the supineness or treachery of their brethren, made the victims of Austria. or of the petty princes who are the jackals of his power. Young Italy, like the young in all countries, where knowledge has enlightened the understanding, is virtuously resolved in favour of liberty; but the old sins of ignorance, prejudice, and fanaticism, dif fused among the masses, form a drag-chain to their progress— a barrier to their freedom. Throughout the Continent the efforts of democracy have ever been checked and blighted by the same retarding cause. The Greeks shook off the yeke of Turkey ; the despots of' Europe united to give them a child to ride them, and England the means to uphold his despotism. The Spanish democrats rose Against the union of priests and nobles, and proclaimed die Constitution of 1812, and abolished that retarding curse et' just legislation, a privileged house of nobles—our rulers end yours, through the ignorance of the multitude, have intrigued let us leave persecution for opinions of every kind to despots, and resolve that henceforth it shall not be found in the ranks of labour. The organs of Government, at this moment, nrc endea vouring to weaken our sympathies, by exciting our preju dices against the French Canadians. The party who seek to keep Ireland in subjection, seek to excite our feelings against Catholicism from the same motives ; therefore, let us be as sured, friends, that all those arc the enemies of the people who seek to oppose that great Christian precept of " lose 50d charity." With the view of generating inquiry among the masses, and stimulating the few to renewed exertions, we have stated what we conscientiously believe are the great obstacles to human liberty. But let not our enemies believe that we think our brethren less competent to exercise their political rights thnti those who now possess them No !we regard the fran chise as re best of schoolmasters, and we point to the intelli gence of America and Switzerland as proofs of the correct ness of our opinions, We remain, your fellow-labourers, in the cause of truth and justice, the Members of the Working Men's Association. Signed by the Committee in their behalf, WILLIAM ISAACS, Type Founder, Joins CLEAVE, Bookseller, THOMAS WHITE, Hatter, HENRY MITCHELL, Turner, RICHARD CAMERON, Brace-maker, JAMES LAWRENCE, Painter, THOMAS IRELAND, Warehouseman, JOHN ROGERS, WILLIAM DIXON, Surgical Instrument-maker, JAMES JENK 'MON, Engraver, ARTHUR DYSON, Compositor, ROBERT HART WELL, Compositor, HENRY HETHERINGTON, Treasurer, WILLIAM LOVETT, Secretary, 6, Upper North Place Gray's Inn Road. STATE OF TRADE. ( From the Leeds Mercury.) LEEDS —The fog of Saturday last was so dense that the Coloured Cloth flail was almost in total darkness for nearly half an hour after the opening. It brightened up, however, towards the latter end of the market, and business to a con siderable extent was transacted. On Tuesday the market we 4 brisk at both halls, but without any advance in prices. Al" though there have been a few buyers in the town during the week, we do not hear of much business being done in the warehouses. _ _ Ikims.asFlELD.—This market was particularly brisk for the season, and a great deal more business was done than for many weeks past, particularly in low cloths for shipment abroad, and at prices fully equal to those lately realized. BaAnFotttr.—'l'he increased demand for yarn during the last few weeks has enabled the spinners to reduce their stocks. This makes prices firmer, and they will not sel l without an advance; the trade being tolerably brisk, buyers arc compelled reluctantly to submit. It is not the least portant feature in the wool market, that the demand is quite equal to the supply of both Foreign and English wool. Lois wools, particularly fine sorts, are very scarce, and a slight ad' vance may be obtained upon previous quotations. 11/y.IF/ix. There was a very thin attendance of buyers , and consequently but little business done ; the goods sold were at very low rates. • DEWSBURY.—On account of the demand for goods for borne consumption not being so great, rather less business was done. Prices the same as last week. ROCIIDALE.—The flannel market was very thinly attended , and less business done than for two months past. Fine an d middle qualities sold best. Buyers were offering much lowe r prices. WAKEFIELD. — We have to report a continued active dc' mend for all combing-wools, and more than the averag e amount of sales, at a little improvement on the prices of 154 week. For the lower qualities of short wool there is a fe l ' , inquiry,' but the finer desc r iptions still remain in nails request' Tn. IRON TuADE.--The demand for iron, during the la st fortnight. has been extremely brisk, and there has been some advance in prices. The present price of common bars ig , per ton, shipped at Cardiff or Newport. MANCHESTER. —There has been less doing in the go ods' market since the commencement of the new year than for se vcral weeks previous, and it is with some difficulty the price ; that were current last month arc obtained. Power-loom ing calicoes are less inquired for, the buyers evidently looking fin- a reduction in price ; the best 27-inch 72's are wortleri 7s. ItEd. to Bs., inferior sorts 7s. fid. to 7s. 93; itd. re° 27-inch, 7s. to 7s. 41d. a piece. Hand-loom cloth is still c:dedly flat; the manufacturers are unable to sell in qu antrti at last mouth's priers, although both yarn and wages are hig her than they were three weeks ago. Twist remains inanimate. - "" Manchester Advertiser of Saturday. An idea has very generally prevailed, that 1837 vra s a year of great financial depression, more especially as r°' grrded Liverpool. On an inspection of th e re turns of th ° national revente, now completed, we are happy to state, 64; in respect to the most important branch of the revenue, namely' the customs, this alarm is in a material degree groundle 3 l' The decrease on the general return for the year is 890.156,`' Liverpool contributes to the customs about 4,250,000 t being nearly one-fourth of the whole. So that, had the d e i erearie in the custom receipts at Liverpool been in the ratio her contribution, the returns for the year Would have exhibit a decrease of about 222,000 L ; whereas the actual decrease' s only 89,3241., or a proportion of one-tenth, instead of on e ; fourth: It is further gratifying to observe, that although 11 ; customs collected at this port have decreased as above sta ted ' upon the account for the whole year, yet that the return for the last quarter of 1837 exhibits an improvement upon the cal sponding quarter of 1636, to the amount of nearly 50, 000 e Whatever temporary langour, therefore, our c o mmerce 11 ' 3 . 7 have experienced, this is a cheering token that it is fast roe greasing towards complete recovery. —Liverpool Courier. THE. WANDERING PIPER.—The 'Windsor press contains the following remarkable particulars concerli the travels, receipts, and charitable donations of the celchrate_, " Wandering Piper." He performed at the Town-hall 70 Windsor on Monday list. A gentleman who had seen 11 . book of receipts and disbursimuents gives this account of / 1 ' ( ; (1 ,;., Since he commenced his tour in the United S , .States and 0 1 , i tish America, he bad travelled 9,256 miles by wa t e r, 4,00 e, stages, 758 by railroads, 8,7(59 with a horse and carr iag i ci making in all 22,708 miles, besides crossing the Atlantic!: , short drives of pleasure, which must amount to a very constuicla rable distance, during a period of four years. His receip ts . 3 t disbursements in America stood thus ;—Monev reccive" 'performances, 27,000 dollars ; given to charitable instituti°l;, in the United States and British provinces, 12,000 donlros The English mill Scotch have long been famed for perf°l. t ic extraordinary feats is walking, wrestling, and other atb t io s sprts--ani many of the first noblemen have begged , 5 ` it ballads, and sold pies, for large stagers ; but the Pil' cr ; i d seems, bound himself to perform a task which should 't ha t unrivalled in the annals of sporting, and it would appea r te a he is pretty confident of success, as he now publicly offer s o r thousand guineas to any gentleman, possessed of a sir ° sum, who will perform the feat over again. 1 rJ On Saturd a y la s t a gr ea t number of very fine ' O der Y horses, which have been purchased by Captain Ales.an g of Forbes, of Firth-gill-house, in this county, fur the se rvic to Don Carl os , p asse d t h roug h thi s t own on their ro ad sta g Southampt on. to tN hi c h port t h ey are go i ng by easy to be shipped for Spain. —Halifax Guardian. Mr. Sinclair, we are told, has been singing sprier great success at Ipswich, where he has just concluded a sr. s i on , but profitable engagement, by performing for his benefi t v a Camillo in th opera of shelled slr, and Captain Too' the operatic entertainment of Englishmen in _lndia. 1)0e GOTHA, DEC. 29.—His Royal Hi g hness ter . Alexander Wirtemburg and his consort arrived here Y es i = c d day mo rn i ng f rom C o b urg , an d a li g h te d at t h e p a lace PreP 3 for their reception.