The Sun. — London, England, 1808-08-11 00:00:00

Tf ~~ II f I, T war, which was afterwar& confirmed with 11. , isbia, and which" might yet perhaps have saved Europe, if the unlon' of the Governments %%licit di- E itift it had been as close as it should have been, still retarded he execution of the views of the Emperor of the French with regard to the Court of Portugal, and it was only by concluding the Peace of Tilsit, that the Conn of thelluillieries, in a dictatorial tone, finch as mi;ht becomp Charlemagne addressing- . the Pre des, Whtse Sovereign he was, caused the strange 'donian,l to be made to the Court of Portugal, through the nie&urii of the French Charge d'Affaires, and by the Si - ,anish Ambassadors, I. To shih up the ports of Portugal against England. z. To.dcrain all Englishmen who resided in Portugal. 3. To confiscate all English property. In case of retusal, the alternative - for the Court of 'Portugal was to expose itself to an immediate war with France and Spain S because the French Charge d'Affaires and the Ambassadors of Spain had orders to depart 'the Ist of September, about three weeks atter • the said proposal was made, in case that the Court of Portugal shonld not comply. with all the pre tensions of the two Courts.. The good faith of the French Governtnent is no less remarkable with regard to the celerity with which, after having made tha: declaration, and without waiting for the answer of the'Court of Portugal, it ordered - all Portuguese merchant ship§ to be detained, which were in the ports of France, and by that measu'e actually began hostilities without any previous declaration of war, atii thus carried to a far greater length all the proceed ing4' which formed its continued topic of reproach against England, which after such a conduit, will be initly valued. The Court ti Portugal Might then well have adopted the known .maxim of the Romans, and been convinced, that disgraceful conditions frequent ly saved, those who refuse them, and brought destruc tion over those by whom they were proposed; but on the are side it could not believe that the Court of t!itt Thuiileries made in.earnest proposals which com n,i, ted both its honour and its dignity, and on :the other side it hoped to ward off the storm, desirous of sparing the Wood of its people; and .placing plicit confidence in the friendship .of his 'Britanni,c Majest), its old and faithful Ally, it endeavoured to render ,the pretensions of the French Government mote moderate, by acceding to the shutting up of the ports, and refusing the other two - articles as contrary to the principles of the ptiblie law, and to the treaties which subsisted between the two Natieos ; and his. Royal Highness the Prince Re gent of Portugal had no hesitation to declare, that those articles wounded equally his religion and the principles of morality, from which he,• never devi ates, and which are perhaps the cause of the un • Ahaken fidelity which he has experienced. on the part of his subjects. . The Court of Portug.al then began to adopt mea ' surel for securing its retreat to that part of the Por tuguese dominions which is not exposed to any in- . vasion, the Conseqtiences which of might create alarm. For that - purpose it ordered all Ships of War fit to keep at sea, to be fitted out,, and al3O directed all the 'English to leave its dominions, and sell their preperty, with 'an intention to shot the ports against England, in order thus to ,avoid an effusion of the blood of its, subjects, which would probably have proved useless, and to endeavour to comply with the views of the Emperor of the French, in case he should not allow himself to be softened down by th;o justice with which the Court of Portugal as serted the rights Of it's independence along with those which resulted' from the Treaty of Neutrality con eluded 16 1 . 1504. The Court of the Thuilleries was 'unwilling to agree to any conciliatory measures, hay ,not only demanded the shutting up the ports, but the imprisonment of all British subjects, the CPII - of their property, acid a derelitlion of the project of a retreat to Arneric3. His. Royal High . ;less the Prince Regent of Portugal, who kneW, on the one hand, that his Britannic Majesty, his true and old Ally, was informed of all the transaelions which were going on, would consent to the-shuithig up of the pits, in order to save Portugal from the invasion of the French, and. who was convinced on the of her "side, t hat there was no longer any English etiao in . Pdriteol who was not naturalized, and that all English:property had been sold, and even its'. uwount exported, adopted the resolution to shut up the ports against England, and even to comply with the rest of the demands and pretensions of France, declaring, however, at . the same time, that shou4d the French troops enter Portugal, his Royal Highness a; firmly resol ye& to remove tile seat of Government to Brazil, ,which formed the most lirrportant, and best defended part of his dominions. His Royal Highness then ordered the whole of the army to Move to- the coast and sea ports, supposing tf.at i'ratice had obtained all she demanded, she would have nothing else to ask ; he . confided in that good faith which ought to be considered the fundamental • .erinciple in every Government which has ceased to be reeolutionary, and felt conscious, that hav ing done- every thing. in 'his power to secure the traitquillity - of his people, and avoid the useless orue - on of }boil; he had titiltilicd all the duties of a virtulius •Ptince, adored by his subjects, and who to the Supreme Being alone has to account fOr his The Freud.] Government then observed a line of conduct towards hiss Royal 'Fhghnes, and his domi nions, which .would be- tinprecedeantd in history, were not the invasion of Switzmland by France, at the tithe of th::. Executive Dire'ziory, of a similar de scription. General Junot, without any previous declaration, ..vit hoot the consent of his Royal High lit'Js the Plinte Regent of Portugantered the knildom with the vanguard of his army, assuring the pool !e in the country, that he was-marching _through li to succour his Royal Highness against an i,ivasion, and the English and that he entered P0r n:...1.1 the General of a friendly and allied Power. ire I . eceived on his journey convincing proofs of the :aith of the Portuguese G,vernment, for he T , d t i,e pe: feu eaiine.s which prevailed with reg.:rd to Prance, 'and that all the Portuguese troops tip t:ie coast. His Royal Highness the P uce ot Portugal, surprised in such ail extraortli manner, might have_ rallied round him the body of zroopc wlii , dtwelre - at a small distance front him, caused' the English Fleet to enter the pert nt Lisbon, and tties'eut tO pieces the small and miserable corns whiLh Gvnerat' Junot was advancing: tPrII4-ri: V which would be • b ad st Gat.lui t, whom his conduCt in Venice and: Lisbon but too well tnadc known, relied on the feel ing of a virtuous Prince, wlio would never have posed his people to the most dreadful calamities by a . sure first gitcess, - whith only crinld have served to chastise the !audacity of a man, whb, like =many others, abused the power withich he B'i'as en truSted, or who :hied in pursuance ,of orders which cannot be justified. His Royal Highness'the Prince Regent then adopt ed, the only measure which could suit his situation, according to the principles which he had constantly followed, to save the- blood of hiS 'people, and in order to prevent the criminal plan of the French Od vernment from being carried into7execulion, which had nothing less in view than to secure his Royal Person, and the whole Thoyal Family, in order to di, vide. at its own will and pleasure the spoils of the Crown of Portugal and the Portuguese dominiOns. Providenee seconded the etThrts of a just Prince; and the magnanimous resolution which his Royal High ness adopted, to retire with his august Royal Family to Brazil, disconcerted at once the efforts 'of the French Government, and exposed in the clearest light, in ~the face Of Europe, the criminal and treacherous views of a Government, which aims at the universal domination of all Europe, and of the. World, if the great Ehropean Powers, roused from the lethargic' stupor into which they are • sunk, do not make common cause vigorously to oppose an ambition so immoderate and excessive. Since his Royal Highness'i Safe arrival in his dos minions in Brazil, he has learned With horrot, not only the usurpation of Portugal, - and• the pillage and plunder practised in that country, bOt also the shameful proceeding of the Emperor of the French,. who, as the true Dilator of Europe, dares to repre sent it as a crime of his Royal Highness, that be has removed his seat of Government to Brazil, and . in his faithful subjeds who followed hith, to have ac companied a Prince whom all his people revere, still more on account of his virtues than of the ' rights of his august Royal Family which he has inheritedOand by virtue of which he reigns over them. His Royal Highness has witnessed with horror the hardihood with which an attempt has been made, in an official paper, 'to proscribe the right of his august Royal Fa mily to the Crown of Portugal, with which he will never part; arid he is entitled to demand of the Em-• ,peror of the French, from what• Cod e -of the Law of Nations 'he has drawnsimilar principles, and received such authority, claiming to this subjed the_ipiost. serious consideration of all European Powers; Who . cannot see with indifference what has here 'been stated, and the introduction of a new Government in Portugal, without his consent, as well as the , 'raising of an exorbitant contribution, demanded from a country which opposed no resistance to the entry 'of the French troops, and which on this very ground could not consider itself as being at war with France. The most remote posterity, as well as impartial Eu rope, ' will see with grief similar transadions, the. forerunnerS of ages of barbarism and misery, such as- those which followed the downfall of the Roman Empire, and which cannot be avoided, unlesS exer tions be made to restore the equipoise of Europe by an unanimous effort, and with a total oblivion of all. • ideas and feelings of rivalship, which have hitherto : been the true causes of the elevation of that , tnon-. strous 'poSver which threatens to swalloW up all.. '.• After this correct and true statement made bybis: Royal Highness the Prince Regent' of Portugal to Europe, and to his subjects, of every thing which has taken place between the Portuguese and French Government ; and as the Emperor of the French has not only invaded Portugal, and laid that country un der the must dreadful and almost incredible contribu tions, under the c l oa k o f f rien d s hip, b ut h as a lS o long ago withdrawn his Embassy from his Royal Highness's Court, and even caused - Portuguese mer chant ships to be seized, which were in his ports, without any previous Declaration of War, and con- trary to an express article of the Treaty of Neutrali ty, from which he derived the greatest advantages; and lastly declared war against him, according to report of the Minister for Foreign Affairs, his Royal Highness,• after having resigned his cause into - the hands of the Almighty, whom he has every right to invoke in so just a cause, thinks it due to his rank; • and the dignity of his Crown, to make the follow- • ins - ° Declaration His Royal Highness breaks off all communication with France, recalls i 11 the members of his embasSy, if any should yet remain, and authorises his subje6ts to wage war, by sea and land, - against the subjects 'of the Emperor of the French. His Royal •Highness declares null' and void all treaties which the •Ettiperor of the French has compelled•him to conclude, andin particular those of Badajoz and-Aladrid in 1 aril, and that of Neutrality in 1804, iltTau , se he has violated, anti never respected them. His - Royal Highness will not lay down his arms unless with consent of • his Britannic Majesty, his old and faithful ally, and will never agree to hcession of Portugal, which forms the most ancient patt oft he inheritance, and of the rights 'of his augOst Royal Family, • When the Emperor of the French shall have sa tisfied in every point the just claim Of his Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal, and shall have relinquished the didatorial and imperious tone ire which he lords it over oppressedEurnpe, and when he shall have restored to the Crown of Portugal all he has invaded in the midst of peace, and without the least pl - ovecation, his, Royal Highness will avail him self of the earliest oportunity to renew the connec tion , which has always subsisted between the two - countries, and which ought to exist between nations, which will never be divided - but by the principles of an inordinate ambition, which, accorditig to the experience of ages,.have also proved destructive to the , welfare and tranquillity of all nations by which they were adopted. Rio Janeiro, May 1, 1808, OFFICIAL PAPER. PROCLAMATION by Sir CHARLES COTTON, Bait. I Admiral of the Blue, &c. Commander in Chief. • rt IbiIIABITANTS OF PoriToom.----Peputations hay ing reached me from all parts of the Kingdom sl licilitvg succoin:, al2, statii i ,- 7 • to - , anu assistance, I me tht3 loyal, brave, and manlyutt:erininav, o of the people of Portugal establish the cdjyernment of their lawful Prince, and emancipa.te Their Country from French oppression : I send, agreeable to your request, ships, troops, arms, and atimmuition, and have directed the Stand ard of . his Royal Highness the P RINC E R EGENT o f hail:l.lo'4 to be reared; round which every loyal Porttiguese is hereby invited, immediately to rally, and to lake up arni,, in so just and so glorious a cab se. - " ` To be successful, Portuguese, you must be una nimous; and, joined by your brave neighbours and friends, the Spaniards, you must not be intimidated by menaces, nor seduced by promises. Some months experience must have convinced you of the effe& of French friendship; it is now to British faith and . assistance, aided by your own energy and efforts, that you will, I trust, be indebt, ed for the restoration of your Prince and the inde= pendence of your Country. (Signed) " C. COTTON." " Hibernia, off the Tagus, July 4, 1808." MAILS. - ARRIVED—I Waterford. Du z—z Gottenburgh, t Dublin, s Waterford. PRICE OF STOCKS THIS DAY AT TWZI,VE O'CLOCK. COMOI6 - 661 651 66 Oz ni= par, zi dis. Red. Ann. - - 671 66*i I THE S UN. SOLIM QUIS DICIIRS lALSUM AUDEAT ? L 0 N D 0 N, THURSDAY, AUGUST 11, 18081 IMPORTANT INTELLIGENCE FROM SPAIN. Intelligence was this morning received by Govern ment, from Lieut.-Col. DOYLE, dated Corunna, the 4th August, at midnight. The Lienf.-Col. states, that, he had read a Letter, dated Madrid) 27th July, which says,. that on that morning thel French commenced their RETREAT FROM THAT CITY; that JOSEPH BUONAPARTE had quitted Ma•• : drid, and had taken away every thing of value be-, longing to the Court. Every Frenchman was fol lowing him, and.they were taking the direction of, Burgos. " The writer of the letter is nephew to a Member of the Junta of the Gallicias. A letterfrom Tarragon,•dated the 27th July, states, that the Army of Valencia and Murcia, which sisted of sixty thoUsand men, had on that day passed through that Town, on its . way to Madrid. It is also stated, that ECHERYIAS, at the. head of .the Smugglers, had advanced towards Madrid, and that he was within 13 leagues of that City. Private advices from Arragon state, that the Pa- triots had again been successful in that quarter. Marshal BESSIERES has evacuated Benevento, and continued his retreat to Burgos. The Asturian Army; under the command of Ge- neral PONTE, has made an incursion on the road to wards Iturgos, and had taken a French Convoy, with eight waggons laden with plunder. General CAS' TANOS was advancing in La Mancha. TILE Manifesto from the Court of Portugal, w hi c h we present to our Readers this day, is so pl a i n , so cogent, and so just an appeal to mankind that it will excite the most interesting emotions towards Portugal, though it certainly cannot increase the de • testatiorT which has been universally raised by the oppresor of that and so many other Countries. The fads contained in this simple and affeding history were generally known, but not the detail of the grievances which Portugal suffered from France, or rather the Usurper of its throne, the patience with which she endured them, and the sacrifices which she made in order to appease the fury and gratify the rapacity of that Usurper. This im . portal. document 'is submitted to the judgment and the feelings of all Europe, at a very cri tical period in the life of BUONAPARTE, ar d CM nealed with his cruel and ungrateful treatment of the POPE, to whom he was indebted for the awful sandion which attended his coronation, his horrible treachery to the Royal Family of Spain, and the enormous wickedness of his attempt to re duce that country to disgrace, misery, and bondage, must impress every State on the Continent with the utmost detestation of his charaaer. - But the glorious success of Spain, in defeating his intentions, will be one of the most powerful incentives that can In presented to other States. They will see what Can be done by determined valour and Unaiiituity, fighting in a good cause. We' hope that this varnished statement of fans from the Court of Portu gal, as• well as all the proceedings of Spain and . Por- tugal, will be conveyed into France. It u; ss I i not withstanding the which the people ofthat c.cimtry-n-rust be held by the military hordes of their Tyrant, and notwithstanding the relaxation in moral Tri.nciplesvihich the Revolution has prod need,t h at they c :n be insensible of their disgrace as well as misery in -b::ing entirely at the,will of an Usurper,. who drags them from their Country to promote his own Family, dad to enshive every other State, however submissive to him, if their destrnaion is necessary to the grati fication of his boundless thirst of g,»pire, and •insa tiable rapacity. . A Report was circulated yesterday evening, that a Messenger had arrived from Vienna, with dispatches of the utmost importance; the substance of which, it was confidently stated, was, that the Emperor of AUSTRIA was ready to declare war with France, pro' vidtd this Country was willing to affOrd him pecu niary assistance. Upon enquiring into the, subjee, we do not find that any such Messenger has arrived the Report probably took its rise from 'the eircum stance of the Chevalier D'ANGEADA having arrived in Town from the Hague, which place left on the 5t.11 instant. The, intelligen ce which he brings tends very strongly . to confirm the ac counts which have lately reached this Country of the probability of a War between Austria and France. 'lt was generally 'reported and believed, tliat the Cabinet of Vienna had . demanded of goo -I.IAPARTE that he should, in compliance with the Treaty of Tilsit, withdraw his Troop's fitful the Prussian dominions. If it be true that such a de mand has actually been made, hostilities between these two Powers must inevitably take place, be" cause BLIONAPARTE cannot eocuply with it without, in' substance, giving op-all the' a he derived over Prussia and Rassia , in 806 'and , 1807. Besides, we are convinced than is roithe large mi litary force which he keps up in Poland that lie is indebted for the implicit obedience which the Court of St. Petersburgh continues to manifest to his ar bitrary mandates. Yesterday, at twelve o'clock, his 1/lAJESTY rived at the queen's Palace, from Windsor. At two o'clock hIS MAJESTY held a private Levee, which,was attended by •- The Duke of Portland, Viscount Castlereuh, Lord Haw. keshury, Lord St. Helen's, Lord Mulgrave, Lord Heathrield, Sir Stephen Cottertll, and Mr. Perctval. The following Military Gentlemen h'Ud the honour of being presehted to bis MAJEstrt General Finch, on his promotion to the command of the 54th R egiment. Lieutenant-General Nicolls, on his appointment to the command of the 66th Regiment. General Gwyn,. for the Lieutenant-Governorship of the Isle of Wight. General •Calcraft, on being appointed First 'Major to 0 11/ .Coldstream Regiment of Guartis. His MAJESTY afterwards held a Privy Council , anclzave audience to the Duke of PORTLAND, and "the rest of the Cabinet Ministers, and left toOP for Windsor, exactly at four o'cloCk. . . , . Yesterday her Royal Highness Princess ELIO', EETH gave a grand dejeune at her C o tt age , OR' Windsor, to the QUEEN and PRINCESSES, PrinCEo SOPHIA of GLOUCESTER, and the neighbouring No' bitity and Gentry, to the number of one hundred; 'The 'Stafford- Band attended., on .the occasion, aIW played several seletit and delightfal Airs during til es evening. ~• A Pappenburgh vessel is arrived from Bourdeaul4 after a short passage. The Captain. states, that , 6a order had been given for the return of all American vessel's which had dropt down the rivet, and a re' newal.of the embargo. .. Letters are said to have been receiVed;which state the arrival of BUO:iAPARTE: at Paris, and that he.hid. determined upon calling out every persomeapahle bearing artng; from the ages of lb to 40, for the par' pose of.being marched against Spain.: It is adde4i that the Senate had expressed a relu&ant sentiment, upon the subje&, in consequence of w h ic h h e 1 101 ordered eight of the Members tote thrown into pri son. We know not what degree of credit this re port is entitled to. it is very generally stated, that some of the facni" lies of the ancient Nobles in France bad been (fie covered in attempting to - disseminate Spanish 'Fa' triotism among the people of France, and that their example had been efithasiasti9ally embraced by the people, whose ardour would not easily be checked , An illumination took place at Corunna on the Is t instant, in consequence of the victory obtained ov 4 DUPONT, not in consequence of the defeat cif the Enemy near Madrid, as was repoteti yesterday. A Ship of the Line sailed from Rio de Janeiro Ori .the Ist of. June, with .a convoy of tottrteen ship.; fot Peinambuco and England. Two of the convoy ar,e arrived, viz. the Eli za A nn an d t h e Invention,-boo` of which left the Brazils about the 12th cf Joe' By the letters already received, we learn that ail till ships from England had been allowed ,to :enter and di pose of their cargoes without, the smallest terruption ; the Captains and Supeicargoes were coy dially received, and the happiest intercourse subsisted. The PRINCE REGENT had honoured Sir 51DW -Small with a visit on board his-ship and the cf re itei h4mony prevailed. We are assured that his Westphalian . MajestY otherwise JERONIE BUONAPARTE, ,has lately sent 3 letter, sealed with his Royal Arms, t o O w La whom he married some years ago is America. I t was addressed to her as " Mjss PATERSON;" OP was accompanied with several 'presents of consider' able value. In his letter he acquainted her, th , ' t his Imperial brother, NAPOLEON, having called to the' kingly dignity, and reasons of State hayii* compelled him to give his band-to a Princess of (.4erman Empire, she must no longer consider Ili°, in any alher light than as a Sovereign, uncenneCW with her by former ties. This youngest represetit 3 ' tive of the family destined by Providence to me over Europe, may, possibly, like brother - 1 1 . ;. sErn, fiiid himself ere long in, a situation to inau` . Miss PATERSON, rather to congratulate h erse lf, tlo , f to regret, that she has not been made Q ue en ° WESTPHALIA. • • • ------ . , TKAFALGALL-Englishmen have and ever I have such au interest in whatever :elates to tli is place, that, perhaps, the et, mology of its name WI not be unacceptable. , TK AVA is a n old Spa l,ls . word . for multitude; ALG AU , includin g t h e Arab' c article, means rock, ,Cape THAVALGAR, or FALGAK', is, thCretbre Cape of mans rocks ; and some Spanish maps there may be seen several to t placed about it to denote that c i rcumstan ce 01 I-