The Sun. — London, England, 1826-09-30 00:00:00

TURKEY. ON TIIE ATTEMPTS TO INTEODUCE EUROPEAN DISCIPLINE. The first attempt to introduce European discipline was made, as is well known, by the Sultan Selim. The nu cleus of the force which he endeavoured to establish, and whiCh was termed Nizitm-gedities, or soldiers of the New Regulations, was formed of the . wrecks of the garrison which so bravely defended SI. Jean, d' Acre. When this new corps took the field in Bulgaria and Romelia, for the suppression' of the numerous banditti that infested those provinces, their superiority • over the Janissaries was speedily seen. They beat the, mountaineers in numerous conflicts, routed them effectually, and finished, in- two short months, a task, to which the Janissaries, backed by the household troops of Pachas, Sanjacks, and Ayans, had never been fotmd equal. Such wonderful success rendered the advantage of the European discipline indis putable. The Nizam-gedittex were handsomely re munerated ; and means were adopted for augment s ing - their number, by a- kind of proscription, principally for the purpose of curbing the turbu lent Janissaries. The jealousies, however, of the latter, and the prejudices of the people, aroused so general a fer mentation, that the order of the Sultan could not be exe cuted. Successively attacked by the Janissaries, the Oule mas, the Yamacks, and the Topsehis, the unfortunate Nizainteditte - 6ffered the fate of all establishments made inopportunely. Selim was, in 1807, obliged to suppress them, after having witnessed, with his own eyes, the mas sacre of alt those Ministers and . Counsellors who were suspected of being their partizans. An denting instance . of devOted attachment is recorded antotig the bloody scenes that occurred at that period. The populace and the Janissaries. were exeedingly clamorous for the head of the Bostandji-Basehi ; 'and the courtiers, who saw no other method of appeaSing their fury, advised the Sultan to comply with their demands. That Monarch, however, refused to give .way, either to the threats from without, or the entreaties from within, until the unhappy man, who knew his fate inevitable, fell at the feet of his master, and begged him to give him up for the sake of public trait " Since thou also eonsentest to this melancholy sacrifice, my eon," said Selim, covering his face with his hands, " be it so ; and 'May the blessings of Heaven ac company it I" In an instant the head of the poor Bus tanji was struck from his shoulders, and thrown out to the mutineers by a loop hole of that gate which the Turks denominate the Sublime. This sacrifice, however, was not sufficient ; for next day Selim was deposed by: his subjects, the insolence of whose demands was augmented by his compliance. The Grand Mufti, who alone is not punishable capitally, was next day commissioned to inform his Royal Master that, agreeably to what the Janissaries and. Oulemas termed the will of the people, he bad ceased to reign. Mustapha was immediately proclaimed, and his proclamation was the signal of the dispersion of the Ni zam-gediites. Their barracks were plundered, and the object of the institution was abandoned until the succeed ing year, when Mahmottd, the present Sultan, mounted the throne. The famous Mustache Bairactar was then Vizier. He bad ceoeived, in his last campaign with the Russians, the advantages inseparable front Euro pean tactics, and, in order to compose a regular army, lie h em - sso by attempting to introduce reform among the SanisssirieS themselves, and several companies of Seynienx, that is, select soidiets, were immediately formed. The whol!' of the dignitaries of the empire •st applauded this measure. It and every enlightened 't was a matter of genera l ae osowledgment that 'the Janis aaries, whose poWer was supreme in slisposing of the Crown, r were utterly unable for the task of defenjii'g it against the assault of a vigorous and active enemy. Lfsifortunately Baireetar, of all men, was least adapted for gaining 1791e lytes to his own plans. baneful of alluring over the Janis saries, who came to otter themselves to be enrolled among the select soldiers, by presents and caresses, he treated them with the most mutufferable arrogance, refused them *ll peculiar privileges, anti 1144 upon the whole, ar if his Wish had been to oppose, not to further, the measures which he himself had recommended. The consequence was, that the new corps fell into speedy contempt. Bal sam', after rendering himself detested by all, was mur dered in one of the most serious insurrections of which Constantin:Tie has afforded an example; the Stymens were abolistf.stl, as the Nizam.geailles had been before them ; anti, up to the period of the late revolution, the discipline of the Franks seemed for ever renounced, and an anathema was even desioanced against all those who should propose the revival °limy plan ,for its adoption.—Morning • Paper.. - • EAST INDIA PAPERS. (From the Caktala Gotonment Gazelle of April 24.) 1111111VITOng. • • -- GENERAL ORDERS BY THE RIGHT H4NOURABLE THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIRF, Hearl-quarters, Bhurtpore, Jan. 19,182 G. The Right Honourable the Commander-in-Chief COP - gratulates the army under his personal command, on the brilliant achievements that have crowned its services, in the assault and capture of the fortress of Ilhurtpore. 'e highly creditable manner in which the previous operations connected with the siege were carried on, the cheerful endurance of fatigue and hard labour, and the vigi lance di s - p;ayed on nil occasions by every man on the ser vice, were appreciated by his Lordship, and gave pinkest of that devoted gallantry and ardour which were shown yesterday the. assault of the enemy's fortified town. -The t ow routs of his force with immense slaughter, the evacuation of the • ,;,trong citadel which immediately followed, and, finally, did _rapture of the osurper and his family, with most of his Chiefs' form. the most complete series of successful events that die Clost ardent expectation could have contemplated ; and have 5h ,: , .(1 lustre over the brilliant performances • of the day, without i:aving a wish connected with the glory and reputation of the aiZnY unsa tisfied. Lord Comhermere, guided by the : usage of the service, now proceeds to the pleasing duty of particularising those Officers by name, whose situations in command gave them opportunities of more particularly distinguishing them selves ; but his Lordship desires to assure the Army in general, -than, •• in thus complying with an established custom, he•feels and acknowledges the 'difficulty he has in rendering Justice to the merits and claims of a vast many, indeed of the whole of those immediatel y en gaged, wherein all - performed their duty - so entirely . t.o his satisfaction. T. Majors-General Ile nell ai I Nicol belong pendent of their ' i li deratig Y abl e x i e t rtions ttiringtlie (in p ti r e e- - s y n io d il o o r i: d e i ri i ( i 7 t o h f ,r, t i l i,t te orn sr l er:) ,, t o l l it u t peculiar merit of forming i c i , s of their respective divisions, ail by their amniatin i : w i tne , sed theeerdtliat will long be enemy's works with a rapidity t io 4 „,7 11 T 1 '' "rrYlog the remembered by, all who 'When mounting to assault. )" 41" of the troops The arrangements which fell to the share of 13rigatlier tlie Cav a l r y, not on l y General , Sleigh, C. 13. commanding during . the. assault, but from the commencenit of the invest ment of Bhur I. l le ' t p or e, are to be appre ci ated by 1 . f act, t hat none of the enemy escaped from the fort, but on th e eon ., ditions of surrender, and that the capture of t l,- lie usurper Doorjun Sal, with his family and almost every person of rank or authority under him, has been ' effected through the vigilance and galla»try of the several Corp* employed under his command. horse The service's of the Ist and 801 Corp of Irregular under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Skinne have assis ted by Major Fraser, throughout the siege, ave fr. fluently elicited the highest admiration and applause. Nothing could exceed the devotio n and bravery of this valtutble cIaSS of soldiers, and Lieutenant-Colonel Skinner and Mninf 'Primer, fully merit the acknowledgment of his :Lortlthip'% unqualified approbation of their conduct and that of their rileil. To Brigadier NI 'Leod, C. 13. in the general command of the Artillery, and Brigadiers Heizler and Brown, com manding the Siege and Field Artillery, respectively, the Commander-in-Chief feels greatly indebted for their highly creditable exertions : as also to the whole of the officers and men of the Artillery, for the excellent display of sci entific correctness in their batteries, as well as for their commendable endurance of fatigue, which the nature of the service necessarily exposed them to. The science, the devotion, and fortitude, evinced on all occasions by the officers and men of the Engineers Corps, including the Corps of Sappers and Miners, and detachment of the Pioneer Corps, it would be difficult to appreciate fully. Many were the instances displayed by this body, that proved their worth, and excited general admiration. Brigadier Anburey, C. 8., principal field engineer, and all the officers under him, are particularly entitled to the approbation and thanks of the Commander in-Chief. To Brigadier-Generals Adams, C. 8., M'Combe, and Edwards, and to Brigadiers Murray, C. 8., Childers, White head, Patton, C.B. and Fagan, the Commander-in-Chief offers his best thanks for their exertions at the head of their respective brigades; nor can his Lordship omit from the list of officers, to whom hii thanks are due, the names of Lieut.-Colonels S. Nation, John Delamain, T. Wilson, H. S. Pepper, W. C. Baddeley, and Bowyer, and of Majors Fuller, Everard and Bishopp, of his Majesty's service, with that of Major George Hunter, as having been particularly brought to his Lordship's notice, for their conspicuous conduct in command of regiMents and detachments en gaged in the storm. 'His Excellency greatly laments the loss of officers and men on this important occasion ; but'it affords him some consolation to add, that, notwithstanding the vigorous and determined resistance every where evinced by the enemy, this loss has been confined within as narrow limits as Could be looked for in the achievement of sash a conquest. • The wounded officers and men have his Excellency's warmest sympathy for their sufferings, and an anxious so licitude for their comfort and speedy recovery :—among this number his Excellency cannot refrain from introduc ing the nine of Lieutenant-Colonel Faithfull, whose pre vious wound deprived the service of his valuable aid. The Commander-in-Chief gives his warmest thanks to Lieut.-Col. Watson, Adjutant-General of the army, and to Lieut.-Col. Stevenson, Quarter-Master-General, for the indefatigable zeal and ability which they have displayed in carrying on the important duties of their respective de partments. To Major-General Sir S. Whittingham, Quarter-Mas ter General, and Lieutenant-Colonel M'Gregor, Acting Adjutant-General of the King's troops, Lord Comber mere has to return his best acknowledgements for their services. Lieut.-Colonel the Hon. J. Finch, Military Secretary, and Captain Maean, Persian Interpreter, have merited the approbation and thanks of the Commander-in-Chief, not only for their assiduity and good judgment in carrying on tne business of their respective offices, but for their zealous assistance in the field. _ _ _ To Captain Dawkins, and the rest of his personal Staff, Lord Combermere has to return his best acknowledgments for their zeal and activity upon all occasions. Officiatini,s Assistant-Surgeon Barber, at present at tached to his Majesty's IGth Lancers, is directed to do duty with his Majesty's 14th Foot, and to join imme mediately. Head-quarters, Bhurtpore, Jan : 20, 1826. It is with feelings of deep regret, that his Excellency the Commander-in-Chief announces to the army the death of Brigadier-General Edwards of the wounds he received in the storming of BhUrtpore on the 18th instant. ' The gallantry evinced by this Officer in leading his brigade during the 'assault, and the high character he bore, render his fall a public calamity, as well us a private misfortune; but those friends who now grieve for his untimely fate, liave the consolation of knowing that in life he was es teemed and respected, and in death mourned for and lamented. towr wu.t.tAm, *rum. ie, 1t4241. (MIER AI. ORDERS, TIM MORT HONL 'IIIE 00VERNOR GENERAL IN : COUNCI4..' On the occasion of the return .of his :xee]lency the, Commander-in-Chief t 4 the Presidency, and the dose of the late short but brilliant catnpaign in Upper India, dis tinguished by the ever-memorable capture of the Fortress of Bhurtpore, and the important political results which have thence ensued, the Right Hon. the Governor-Gene ral in Council desires to offer to Lord Combermere, in the most public manner, the expression of his most cordial thanks and congratulations, on the successful completion of the service.which called his Excellency to the Western Provinces. Ilia Lordship in Council is also pleased to direct, that the following testimonial of the sense enter tained by GovernMent of the distinguished merit, and exemplary conduct of the Army, by whom the above splenaid achievement was performed, under the personal comma nd of the Right Hon, Lord Combermere, be pub lished for general information. FORT WILLIAM, JAN. 30, 1826. To his Excellency tho Right Hon. General Lord Com _ bermere, &c. &c. My Lortn,....We hal/e had the honour to receive, by the Bands of Captain Dawkins, your Lordship's despatch of the 19th inst., announcing the capture, .by storm, of the fortified town, and the unconditional surrender of the cita del, of Bhurtpore, on the preceding day. The intelligence of an event reflecting such glory as a military exploit, and fraught with such important benefit to the British interests in India, in a political point of view, has been received by us with sentiments of com mensurate admiration and applause, and demands from us the expression of our most cordial thanks and acknowledg ments to your Lordship, and the brave troops by whom the conquest of this renowned, and hitherto impregnable, fortress, has been achieved. Impressed with the highest sense of the value and im• portanee of the service which has now' been performed, under the personal direction of your Excellency, of the s l2 an d science with which the siege was conducted, and go 'otry and devotion displayed in the storm, we t ;-mcur in the well-toe / rite(' encomium most the warmlf ich has 1 , 1- . 7stos . ved on all the Aim and men your Lords iip and we request your Excellency, in under your command, pleased to issue to' any General Orders which you misT be the army on this occasion , t o express O'l,:t' Most cordial co ncurrence in the sentiments of approbation h which you have brought to our notice the g allant and meritorious exertions of all who had the honour of sharing with your Lordshi in an achievement , which will ever hold a dis., tinguished place in the annals of our military prowess in the East. Where the conduct of every one has been such as to de serve and receive the warm approbation with which it has been honoured by your Excellency, we could not specify our sense of the meritorious ser vices of some, without a,ps pearing to overlook the no less praise -worthy exertions of others. Nor could we, indeed, by any appl a u se of ours, add to the, proud satisfaction ' w hich all must feel on the perusal of the terms in, which they have been collecti frain vely and individually mentioned by your Excellency. Re ing, therefore, from the farther indulgence of so gratifying a feeling, we content ourselves with requesting. your s eellency to offer our thanks, in articular, to Majors Gene ral_ Reynell and Nicoll% who commandeds the First and personally directed, , '"i c e , ,Trid Divisions, and to whose able support, and the ex ll tui. dispositions made by them for the attack which they to be _ so greatly indebted. your Lordship has expre-fsed yourself W th!e-0 11 1 reg r e t ..the loss of the brave officers and men who hav e f ‘ t o that • nobl y fallen in the service of their country, any a"Y•souree of coma!lation, however, can be found in the first mome nts o f Pu those whose fall we lament, ha ve 'ilie or private sorrow, it is to h e so ng ht in the reflection, died a soldier's nnnurabl e d eat h, i n 'the , and that their „6 ,eori will whom th they a rms of victory ; e mbalmed in the im peris habl e live in the grateful recollecti on of the Government faithfully served, and be record of the triumph wh ich t h e y sealed with their blood. The standards entrusted by your Excellency to O. II IVATER AT LONDON. BRIDGE TO-MORROW. Morning 33 minutes after 1. Evening 58 minutes after charge of Captain Dawkins hive been safely delivered, and will be retained as a memorial of the splendid achievement which has illustrated the auspicious commencement of your Excellency's command of the Indian Army. We have the honour to be, my Lord, Your Lordship's most obedient humble servants, (Signed) - AMHERST. 3. 11. HAIUNGTON. W. B. BAYLEY. VHILIAN MINING ASSOCIATION.- ‘..-/ Notice is hereby given, That at an EXTRAORDINARY MEETING of the DIRECTORS, held on the 29th day of SEPTEMBER instant, specially called for the purpose, it was Resolved, That the Directors do recommend to the Proprietors to DISSOLVE the ASSOCIATION, and that an EXTRAOR DINARY GENERAL MEETING of the PROPRIETORS be held on the 16th day of OCTOBER next to consider such recommendation, and pass or reject a Resolution to dissolve the Association. And Notice is hereby further given, That such Meeting will be held at the CITY of LONDON TAVERN, Bishopegate-street, at One o'Clock precisely, on the said 16th of OCTOBER next. As by the Clause of the Deed of Settlement, thirty Proprietors must be present to constitute a General Meeting, the attendance Of every Proprietor.ie partic►tlarly requested on this occasion. SAMUEL CARDOZO, jun., Secretary. Winchester House, Sept. 30, 1826. PRICES OF STOCKS THI: Bank Stock shut 3 per Cent. Red shut 3 per Cent. Cons ...................SO 4 3j4 per Cent. Ditto Red shut 4 per Cent. New ............... 951,i% Ditto, Scrip — shut Bank Long Ann. India Stock ...................• •' ** -, Ditto Bonds.. DAY AT ONE'O'CLOCK. South Sea Stock Old Annuities • New Ditto Ex. Bills, £l,OOO '2d. l 5 Id pm. Ditto 5OO 17 pm. Ditto Small Ditto Advertised Bank for Account India for Account Cunt. for Account 80 NUS AT ONE 0 CLOCK. Neapolitan, 1824 Peruvian Bonds 27% Portuguese Bonds — Prussian, 5 per cent. Ditto, New — Russian, New, 5 p. c. Spanish, 1821 101% 1823 71,i French Reutes, 5 p. c —f. —c. Exchange —l. —c. ---- 3 per cent. Exchange 251.60c. ' PRICES OF FOREIGN Fl Austrian Bonds, 5 per cent. — Brazilian Bonds Buenos Ayres Bonds Milan Bonds, 6 per et.... 34 6 6 Colombian Bonds 32 1 ' Ditto, 1824 31% 5 4i Del!), 3 per cent. 5,7 Greek Bonds Ditto, 1825 13% 14 Guatemala • Mexican Bonds 50% 1 50 Do. 1825 61V0W.4 PRICES OF SHARES AT ONE &CLOCK. Paid. Per Share. Anglo Mexican Mining Company ' £65 17)4 15 Brazilian Mining Company llO 3554 391 British Iron Mining Company 32% Castello and Espirito Santo Brazil Ditto 5 2 14 N Alliance Fire and Life Insurance Company 10 7311 COURSE OF EXCHA Amsterdam C.F. 12 '7 NGE YESTERDAY. Ditto, at sight Rotterdam 2U. 12 8 Leghorn 47 Genoa 43 Venite 46 Malta Naples 39 Palermo per oz. 114 Lisbon 4l) Oporto 49 Rio Janeiro 43 Bahia 43Y4 Buenos Ayres 43 Dublin, 21 days' sight l% Cork l% Antwerp l2 8 Hamburg!, 2)6 U. 37 6 Altona i. 1% U. 37 7 Paris ' 3 days' misfit Ditto 2 U. 25 95 Bordeaux 25 95 Berlin Frankfort on Maine, Ex.M. 155 Petersburgh, rble. 3 Vienna, effective fi 2 M. 10 Trieste do. Madrid 34 Cadiz Bilboa Barcelona 'Ll% Seville 33 Gibraltar 45 PRICE OF IRISH Bank Stock Gov. Stock, 3% per cent. 95 I,‘ Ditto, New 4 per Cent. IM op. Gov. Deb. 334 per cent. WI% Consols, 3 per cent 79, 9 Royal Canal Stock Grand Canal Stock City Deb. 4 per cent. Ballast Unice Deb. 4 per cent. -- M A Arrived. DOQ. America 0 0 Brazil 4 Buenos A yres 0 Donagtolet. 1 1100110 i ' , Under, 1 0 Frame U Clotteoburglt BULLION, PIM OZ. s. d. Portugal Gold, In coin 0 0 0 Foreign Gold, in bars 3 17 6 New Doubloons 0 0 0 New Dollars 0 4 9 Silver, in bars, standard 0 4.11 TOCKS, SEPT. 27. St. Patrick Insur. (per share) Royal Irish Ditto National Ditto Patriotic Ditto Hibernian Bank 7 Provincial Ditto Royal Irish Mine Imperial Mine Mining Co: of Ireland Commercial Buildings — MS. Arrived. Due. O puernsey & Jrriey. • Ilatalittrigh I Holland O Janice& U to Leeward lrlands O t4it,on (:) ?Eat* 0 0 1. Waterfutd 'iittt. LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, SEPT. 30, MG. The French Papers of Wednesday have come to hand, but their contents are unusually barren. They endeavour to make up by rumour, what they want in fact. According to accounts from Georgia, the Per sian troops have received a check from a division of the Russian Army, under YER LOPP, who was on the point of receiving numerous reinforcements. The ieports from Greece cannot be depended on, nor do they add any thing new to the statements already received. One of these says, that Commodore HA MILTON bad told some fugitive inhabitants of Samos, that the English Ambassador at Constantinople, had full powers from all the Courts of Europe, to treat for the pacification of Greece with the Porte ;—and ano ther rumour, equally probable, says, that the Commo dore had strongly exhorted the Samiens to resist the threatened invasion of the Turks. The following is a curious appointment at Bagdat I3AGDAT, JULY 12. PETER ALEXANDER COUPRIE, Bishop of Babylon, re ceived, on the 27th May, a ministerial despatch, of the 27th December, 1825, announcing that the Court of Rome had consented to his acting as Consul-General of Bagdat, under the title of Charg6 d'Affaires of France. reeeive4 lirussels papera .lastnight to the 28th,. instant. The fever at Groningen appears to be on the increase. A curious circumstance is related in these papers which we trust may prove correct, that the Abbe Lb vli, s it i o l s o o t ni i n . a c s toi d ni i vs s ee c on o rt v ; e . r fi ed fie , p a l T i n o o l f i gmusty : st b o cl o l Ic a charters e o r s of a Capuchinf BRUSSELS, SEPT, 23,. . ....V e learn that the .Minister of NV / Ll* h" bl'ea applied to to send to Groningen as many medical men as can b e spare d to lend their assistance in the present cirem stanc p s of that city : The persons at tached to the co oo c ii or State are beginning to leave the Hague for Bru sse l s who .„ , t h e Council will s h ort l y re sine its lahou rs , flle Minister of the Interior is expect ed here on Ow 30th, an d the Minister for FOreign Affairs on the ath Octob er , to 'erept a mon ument to the l i i a s te M e a e j l e e s ii t ili y w he tls4grtria z it) i o p yi e d rsftion to the c hild ren of yid , to his memory jo the church-yanl of St, module, Thus the same hospitable country w b ie h raready possessed th e mortal remains of o ne or Rousseau, will preserve also thine of the painter of whom France is so justly proud, H i s i'4eelleney Mr. Hughes, Ambassador from the United States to bi b * m u i t , t y, arrived h ere t h e d ay, before yesterday, with his fitipify. SEPT. 21,---Acconnts from the frontiers of Russia SSY that the Russia n Pl en ipotentiaries, by the express orders of their Cou r t, h ave presen t e d to the Turkish Comm it ' sinners a series of 82 articles, to which they require a pe rernptory answer; otherwise the Russian armies will 'm mediately occupy M o ld av i a and Wallachia: This resoi u- ion is said to have been communicated to all the Courts of Europe. A letter from Ostend, of the 22d, says, that several persons have been arrested, and that , a deputation from the city is gone to lay before his Majesty the expression of the affliction and of the losses of that unfortunate town. To add to the distress, all the English families, whose resi dence was a great source of prosperity, have left the town on a sudden, struck with terror, and fearing for the future. SEPT. 25.—Two British Cabinet Messengers passed through this city last night, one from Moscow to London, and the other from London to Moscow. It is affirmed that the Learned Abbe Roach, who is employed in the Library at Pisa, has just discovered in the charters of a Capuchin convent, fifteen of the lost books of Livy's Roman History. We learn from Ostend that 223 of the inhabitants were wounded, though slightly indeed, by splinters of wood and glass. Stones were thrown to the distance of three fourths of a league, and the explosion was heard on board a ship 12 leagues out at sea. The greater part of the houses are still unroofed, yet 300,000 tiles have been re- placed. We learn that M. Tobin, an English physician, who has been settled some years at Brussels, has been requested by the College of Physicians at London to go to Groningen, to collect all possible information respecting the origin, the nature, and effects of the contagion now prevailing there. M. Tobin will shortly set out on this mission. (PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE.) ANCONA, SEPT. 3.—Some inhabitants of this city went yesterday to the English Consul, to ask if he had any communication to make to them. " I have received,' said he, "a letter, which confirms me that Lord Cochrane has touched at. Malta." This news is official. We learn to-day that the delegate of Ancona has re ceived a letter from Zante, announcing the arrival of Lord Cochrane in the Archipelago, with a squadron composed of 23 vessels. We received this morning the St. Petersburgh Journal of the 1 2 th instant, bringing the long promised amnesty of his Imperial MAJESTY, the Emperor NICHOLAS, upon the conclusion of his Coronation. It is certainly a curious document, little fraught with the spirit of Royal clemency, anti might, with far more propriety, be termed a list of exceptions to a general rule, pardoning all offences in the statute- book, with the exception of every law transgressed ; for the qualifications are so vague and indefinite, that no one criminal is safe, against the evasive construc tion of which the boon of mercy is susceptible. It is, indeed, a Siberian pardon to all his Imperial Majesty's loving subjects, and well worthy to be recorded in the an nals of human kindness, if it were not unfortunately a little frost-bitten by the keen air of the North. This pre cious specimen of forgiveness is concluded by a very' apposite invocation of blessings upon every thing that immediately concerns the interests of Russia, and a fervent hope that all may prosper to the glory and happiness of the Empire. By the last news received at St. Petersburgh no Sufficient information had been given of the motives of the Persians for their irruption into the Russian terri tories, but the army of General YERMALOFF was congregating for the immediate ccmuneneement of operations, so that we may shortly expect to hear of important events from that quarter t. 'I4OSCOW, AUG. 24, (SEPT. 5.) MANIFESTO OF HIS IMPERIAL. MAJESTY. We, Nicholas 1., Emperor and Autocrat of all the Russias, &c. &c. &c.— With the aid of the most High, and surrounded with the fervent prayers of our faithful subjects, we have to day, conformably to the example of the pious Mo narchs our ancestors, accomplished the august cere, loony of our Coronation, and received the Holy Unction according to the rules of our orthodox Church; and we have resolved to signalise this solemnity by the favours and immunities of which the particulars are annexed:- 1. All persons in office, and people of every condition, who, up to this day, were under trial or subject to judicial proceedings, shall be liberated, with the exception of those who are accused of murder, robbery, theft, and venality. This favour shall be equally extended to those whose crimes, on account of the obscurity in which they are involved, have not been, up to the same date, clearly proved by the proceedings, provided they are not of the nature of those above specified. It is to be understood, of course, that this• pardon does not deprive those who are convinced of their innocence of the means of legally justifying themselves, if they desire it. i. The same pardon is granted to all soldiers and sailors except such as may be accused of the crimes above specified, or of disobedience or insolence to their officers, or of having deserted three times or oftener. Those accused of the latter shall be exempt from judgment, and shall be incor porated in the companies of discipline of the Engineers, without any other punishment. 3. Entire amnesty is granted to soldiers of all arms and degrees, as well as to peasants and other inhabitants (ex cept Jews), who, without permission, m a y h ave qu i tte d their colours or heir abodes, or gone into foreign coun tries, and who within the term of six months, for those who are in Russia, and of a year for those in foreign coun tries, shall return to their abodes, and (f or t h e military) shall rejoin their corps, or present themselves in the Go vernments to the commanders of the battalions of Police soldiers. Four to fourteen, (the last in 25 sec ti ons ) grant re mission of debts to the Government under various heads, fines, dues, Esc.; restoring to liberty those who are in prison for non-payment of such debts, &c. The tax of two rubles per head, on the inhabitants of estates which .enjoy the privilege of distilling brandy, is abolished, and all arrears remitted. Fifteen, (itl - 10 sections) grants facilities for the re payment of sums lent at different times by the crown, to public bodies or i n di v id ua l s . In grunting the ex emptions, immunities, and favours above specified, our heart. May they be the pledge of our constant solici tude, for our faithful subjects—may justice and impar tiality preside over the tribunals —order and disinterested ness in the territorial and mun ici p al administrations— and liberty in commerce ; may the manufacturers d ou bl e be the guarantee of engagements ; may the inviolability their emulation, and agriculture its activity ; may good faith exert our efforts graduallY of property be respected. ° But above all, may the fear of Providence, guided by a firm will and incessant at- God, in solid and patriotic education of youth, be the basis of all hopes of amelioration, the first duty of all classes ! The accomplishment of these wishes is in the hands of the Lord, But, while we submit with confidence to his to attain it, placing in it our oill/IconsolatiOn, the sole recom of our cares, and the 0 ject ofall lltenivtiitoten,Pwroevsliali not cease to pence our thoughts and all our actions. May Heaven grant that all the days of existence may be so many ourdays of happiness and glory w.o ur dear country l . Giv e n in our Imperial residence at Moscow, the 2211 day of the month of August (S e pt. 3), in the year of our Lord one thouund eight hundred and reign. twen ty-six, and first of our re i . (Signed) NICHOLAS. ST. PETERSBERGIT, SEPT. 11. The news from. Georgia, brought by Count Samoyloff, Aid-de-camp to the Emperor, does not yet afford the Go vernment sufficient information to discover the motive 01 the incursion made by the Persian troops into our terri tory, or to determine the nature of this attack. It appears, however, that we are more and more authorised to see in it the effect of a fanatical impulse, which perhaps the Schah of Persia himself may not have been able to repreo. Meantime the troop of the Sardur of Crivan, which had crossed our frontiers, advanced but slowly. On our side, General Yermaloff was collecting his army, and only waited for the junction of all his troops to commence ope- rations. Frankfort Papers to the 23d instant, have been received this morning, from which the following is the only article worth extracting. It is only an episode in the diversified sanguinary operations now going On in the Levant. Till the Greeks have established a Government strong enough to repel foreign aggres sion, it is idle to suppose that they can controul the piracies of straggling vessels, which are often driven for subsistence to plunder among the Islands of the Ar chipelago : SMYRNA, SEPT. 22. The Sardinian schooner the Pearl, Captain GuisePr Lauro, which sailed on the 17th of June from Gibraltar, with a cargo of coffee, sugar, cochineal, indigo, and Indian silks, arrived at the island of Longa, at the entrance of the the evening. On the 25th, in the morning, Gulf of Smyrna, where it anchored on the 24th ofJuly, schooner, which, it is said, was watching tbe 'noticing of the American squadron, then at anchor at Wauriar, fired a gun as a signal to the Sardinian Captain to conie on sent board, but the latter not obeying the Greek Captain) two boats with orders to take possession of the Sardinian vessel. They were received with a brisk fire of musketry, and after having had four men killed, tacked a bout. The a Ifydriot Greek schooner immediately approached the Sardinian vessel threw out grappling irons, and took it by The Sardinian crew of fifteen men, including the CaPt ein ' defended themselves bravely ; nineteen Greeks were killed on the deck, but superior numbers prevailed over valour, and the Sardinian c cut to 110_eCeof gip, spew were one wounded sailor, who was saved by the Hydriot",r taro, whose gratitude held the arm raised to strike Info. This sailor, it is said, had saved the life of the Captain' who was at Constantinople at the beginning of the Gr i eVi revolution. The Sardinians having been thus seise ° t'y force, were sent to Hydra: the poor wounded sailor I"! left on board. The Greeks threw him' into the sea ne.a; with the Tino, but he escaped by swinuning on shore , assistance of a piece of wood which Providence threw on Sardinian friete the way. He is now on board the boading. the Levant station, which, it is affirm ed, sailed immediate y to Hydra. _ . It is with no small dismay that we ......—____--7-----......-- - -........- -- tion of our Readers to the termination of the Old Bailey committed, only three hundred were convicted, but 45 of these three hundred were sentenced to death. from these facts two important considerations arise ; first, call the atten tion that after alt the expellee to winch how it t he en ts, country is put by its different police establishm larg i e zor a t e i a l l is en i d as a t r fa o , f t, pr w is it o i le: the proportion of the convicted to the coun 4ted i ll so small ; and secondly, to what causes so onotol'Y this season of tributed. t• that the public distress is insome measure acc°llll able, but still at mat is hardly cannot but tliii4: -le dar of offences is swelle d by the Criminal Law itself? t T h l i i s e c d h i am sci which mounts into crimes little ir which 'a petty oneuees I of a slight punishment upon summary other countries are such offender: to claim coercionofthe civil as worthi deemed not of sufficient magnitude magistrate, or only vietioe, p line of a jail is not fitted for offenders 01 ct i er, and it is now far o('for from othe'bt tl i yearqa i l ' l ' e ei sis i ' I 0 1 it i n osY a b asb:' i l -r e - I j tat nbt °. 1.. , when sentenced to incarceration, gene' rally come out of prison far worse than they wog i lb with habitual idleness to contend with, and a ll th° e of ideasand ' sentiments that the society of the inina.-- i n eonfirille• a . prison may be supposed to engender. tion too of this opinion it may be observed, 01° , t v ,' ) punish offenders of this class by the coercion of Jaw generallyserves to excite sympathy, and symPs ti l °n' , eon . , .excited, the whole moral effect of punishing en n f th e in order to deter others from being gu" t Y ;), of like offence, is totally lost. The common 8 1 e t justice guards w of hi t e h h e t p h u e h C lic on li s h ti e t rt ut y io t r o i i t n h t e er t p ri T England did not regard slight offences, so d jilte d' seemed to hesitate how it prostituted those fin vs o fe. n e n s go ; et da allown and by eev exposure usnp o onsu furtherrconviction o fttlo e d .offender s the th iiein it usual uve fit : I " h a : is : p_tii ; vat I - : t de e l e l . the s ues' d o rpettY , . os p r o we ass f ivlel the very grossest frauds were Mined auft r y to the hootings, turnßu t h fr o o w m e s i , e t r to Ptie'Wei tea to we coran that the proportion of the qu estion ' convicted is so small. o f pri- We have already consider l os t innsingsid abnteld:edtelireisiiiointiistgoofuo L h s e , :n n e :: : s p Icy re said that the total number _.,, Sessions smow.. soners for trial at the last Old B .1 -al e . Now. ed to 800, of which only Y v icted• 14 300 were coo orm O S when we consider that every onesof these vu' ne ot had undergone preliminary investigation a t , ilia ° t ti I 0 other of our Police establishments, s ou it f o r evidence th adduced at the trials must Nearhavei,l,,eiug e most part the same as that adduced on t" - 00; before the magistrate, previous to comittal, we he d i, we may reasonably wonder that a jury Undereot 00 0 ' rection of a judge, should, in 500 out o f Se of the come to conclusions so very opposite to tb° se to lA committing justices. It is not our intention doer, isrespectful to the gentlemen presiding at our oat eat police establishments, but we feel bound to asY OOO such a fact is prinul facie a strong reflectio,"_earwe them, which it behoves them to consider ; int', ',,j' at bi• nothing doubt, it will have ,due weight on thei)r,„l.. o, From such a fact the publio must i n fer that J uv aly IP fortunate persons - have been shut nu unk )-- ost e • ae. prison, for a longer or shorter space o tim e ' . 6 ,diel whom there wasnothing to allege that could jun o .. o td detention. Independently of the private injury groi each of these unfortunate persons, there j e ' . l i t atal) moral evil done to the public, for we think it .'s 0 0 to be expected that the incarceration of thin can have tended to reform their manners, t . ' `,',,, n either perhaps, their understandings may have been ro ot c on points of Newgate philosophy. So far as 8 P i e , 0 01 the Police Reports in the Daily Papers v" w ish us to judge, we have somethnes felt a little as. di t fore the ment at the issue of some cases brought be on , jiS seen rrs ferent offices. We confess we have a llege' charged who appeared to us guilty oft he crotietikoto, against them, and persons committed whom we to 1 11 $ entitled to be discharged; and we venture now