The Sun. — London, England, 1818-12-24 00:00:00

vandisentent. ft is to the interference of some 0: thttse adverttorers, in Wisrepresentilog the claims curl titles of the lodians IO land, and in practising their sava4e' nroper;sitie, that tier Seminole vr:lr is principaliy to be traced!. Men who thus . connect theoiseive , with savage cootirrattiiies, and sti4ttilate them Ca war, witielt is alwayg attcoded oa elieir hart with acts of hieh4rity the moat slocking, deserve to be viewed in a worse light tl'ah the Sdvagt-t. They would certainly have tho claim to an immunity front the intilkittnrltt which, arcordine: to the roles of warfare practised by the savages. night justly be inflicted on the savages ti,ernselves. If the embarrassments of Spain prevented her from making an indemnity to out citizens, for So 10111; n time,-from her treasury, fur their losses by spoliation, and otherwise, it was always in her rower to have provided it, by the cession of this Territory. Of this, her Government had been repeatedly apprised; and the cession was [lmmure to he anticipated, di 5114111101151 have known that, in ceding it, she would in effect cede what hafi be come of little value to her, and would likewise relieve herself from the important obbeation se cured by the Treaty of 1793 , , and all other corn promitments respecting it. If the United States, from consideration of these embarras•ments, de clined pressing their claims in a spiri• of hostility, the motive ought at least to have been duly ap preciated by the Government of Sp tin. It is well Lnomn to her Government that othee Powers have ro::Ate to the United States an indemnity for like icyt:Aes o sustained by their citizens at the same epoch. There is, nevertheless, a limit beyond which this spirit of amity and forbearance can in no in stance he justified'. It it was proper to rely on amicable negociation for an indemuily for losses, it would not nave been so to have permitted tire inability of Spain to fulfil her engagements, and to sustain her authority in the Floridas, to be per verted by foreign adventurers and savages, to pur poses so destructive to the lives of our fellow-citi zens, and the highest interests of the United States. 'The right of self defence never ceases.— It is among the must sacred, and alike necessary to notions and to individuals. And, whether the attack be made by Spain herself, or by those who rabese her Poe er„ its obligation is not the less strong. The invaders of Amelia Island bail assumed 8 pop.hraod ret re: ted title, turner which they might spi/rgaCllart I,votend us. As their object was dist hitt y seen, and the duty imposed on the Executive, by an existing law, was profoundly felt, that russk was not p• ratified to protect them. It was thoo ! !ht incumbent on the Mated States to suppress the establishment, and it was accordingly done. The combiaat ion ie Florida, for the unlawful ,purposes stated, the acts perpetrated by that combination, and above all, the incitement of the Indians to massacre our fellaw•citizens, of every age, and of both sexes, merited a like treatment and re ceived it. In pursuing these savages to an mina gimtry line in the woods, it would have been the height of fully to have suffered that line to protect them [lid that been done, the war could never tease. Even if the territory had been exclusively that of Spain, end her power complete over it, e.'e had a right, by the law of me ions, to follow the eortnv on it, and to subdue him there. lint the territory belonged, in a certain sense at least, to the saysae enernr who inhabited it, the power of einem had Ceased to exist over it, end protection was sought, ender her title, by those Who had committed on our citizens hostilities, which she was bound by treaty to have prevented, but had not the power to prevent. To have stopped at Oa! line, would have given new encouragement to these savages, and new vigour to the whole combination existing there, its the prosecution of all its pernicious purposes. In suppres.ring the establishment at Amelia Island, no unfriendliness was manifested towards because the post was taken (corn a force which had wrested it front her. The measure, it was, true, was not adopted in concert with the Spanish Government, or those in authority under it ; because, in transactions connected with the , war in which Spain and her colonies are engaged, it seas thought proper, in doing justice to the United States, to maintain a strict itnpariality to avarOs both, the belligerent parties, without con sulting or acting in concert with either. It gives rue pleasure to state, that the blovernments of Buenos Ayres and Venezuela, whose names were assomerl, have explicitly disclaimed all participa tion in those measures, and even the knowledge of them, treid communicated by this Goverament ; and have also expressed their satisfaction, that a course of proceeding had been suppressed, which, if justly imputable to them, would dishonottrtheir cause. In authorizing Major-General Jackson to enter Florida in pursuit of the Seminoles, care was taken not to encroach on the rights of Spain. I regret to have to add, that, executing this order, facts were disclosed respecting the conduct of the offi cers of Spain in authority there in encouraging the war, furnishing munitions of war, and other .supplies to carry it on, and in other acts not less marked, which evinced their participation in the .hostile purposes of that combination, and justi fied the confidence with which it inspired the sa vages, that by those officers they would he pro tected. A conduct so incompatible with the friend ly relations exist ing between the two count' ies ,par ticidarly with the positive obligation of the sth article of the Treaty of 1795, by which Spain was hound to restrain, even by force, those savages ft um acts of hostility against the United States, could not fail to excite surprise. The Command ing General was convinced, that he should fail in his object, that he should, in effect, accomplish nothing, if he did not deprive those savages of the resource on which they had calculated, and of the protectiou,on which they had relied, in making the war. As all the documents relating to this occurrence will be laid before Congress, it is not necessary to enter into further detail respecting it. Although the reasons which induced Major- General Jackson to take these posts were duly appreciated, there was, nevertheless, no hesita tion in deciding on the course which it became the Government to p4sue As there was reason to believe that the Commanders of these posts had violated .their instructions, there was no disposi tnYr tf. impute to their Government a conduct so t-trpromi.rO trod hostde, An order was in conse (ilferaoe issued to the General in command there, :to deliver the posts—Pensacola, unconditionally, to any person anthonzed to receive ; and Saint I . Marks. which is in the heart of the Indian coon try, on the arrival of a competent force to defend I i t agaiust those savages and their associates. In entering Florida to suppress this combioa ' tion, no idea was entertained ot hostility to Spain. and however justifiable the Commanding General was, in consegoenee of the miszonduct of the Spanish officers, in entering St. Marks and Pensa -0014, to terminate it, by - proving to the savages and their associates that they should not be pro tected even there ; yet, the amicable telations ex istiog -between the United states and Spain could not be altered by that. act alone By ordering the restitution of the posts, those relations were preserved. To a change of them. the power of the Executive is deemed incompetent. It is vested in Congress only. By t his measure ,so prompt ly taken, due respect was shewn to the Government of Spain. The misconduct of her officers has not been im puted to her. She was enabled to review with candour her relations with time United States, and her own situation, particularly in respect to the territory isS question, with the (Inners insepa rable from it-; and, regarding the losses we have sustained, for which indemnity has been so long withheld., and the injuries we have stifle' ed through that territory, and her means of redress, she was likewise enabled to take, with honour, the course best calcolited to do justice to the United States, and to promote her own welfare. Copies of the instructions to the ObinmanAing General ; of his Correspondence with the Se cretary of IVor, explaining motives, and justi tying his conduct, with a copy of the Proceedings of the Courts-Martial, in the Trial of Artiathoot and A:obristie; and the Corresr,ondence be t.eeen the Secretary of State :mft the Minister Plenipotentiary of Spain near this Government, and of the Minister Pleniporeotiary of the United States at Madrid, with the Governillent ot Spain, will he laid before Congress. The civil war, which so long prevailed be tween Spain and the Provioc , s ii. 'iontli America, still continues without any prospect of its speedy termination. The information reTecttog the condition of those countries, which has heel' col lectsd by tLe Commiusimbers recently returned front thent:.., will he laid before Congress, in co pies of their Reports, with such other informa tion as has been received from other agents of the United S!istes. It appears from these communications, that the Government of Buenos-Ayres declared itself in dependent in July, 1816, having lireviously exer cised the power of an iwieriendent Government, though in the name of t' , e King of Spain, from the year 1810: that the B inch* Oriental, Entre hens, and Paraguay, with the city of Santa Fe, all of which are also independent, are unconnected with the present Governtritur of Buenos-Ayres : that Chili has declared itself independent, and is closely connected with Buenos-Ay , es : that Vene zuela has also declared itself independent, and now maintains the conflict with various success ; and that the remaining. parts of South America, except Mow e Video, andsuch other portions of the eastern hank of the Plata as are held by Portugal. are still in the possession of Spain, or in-a certain degree under her influence. By a circular note addressed by the Ministers of Spain to the Allied ['Myers with whom they are respectively accredited, it appears that the Allies have undertaken to mediate between Spain and the South American Provinces, and that the man ner and extent of their interposition would be settled by a Congress, which was to have met at Aix-la-Chapelle in September last. From the general policy awd course of proceeding observed by the Allied Powers in regard to this contest, it is inferred, that• they will confine their interposi tion to the expression of their sentiments ; ab staining from the application of force. I state this impression, that force will not he applied, with the greater satisfaction, because it itt a course more consistent with justice, and likewise autho rises a hope that the calamities of war will be con fined to the parties only, and will be of shorter duration. From the view taken of this subject, founded on all the information that we have been Able to obtain, there is good cause to be sa►isfied with the course heretofore pursued by the United States in regard to this contest, and to conclude that it is proper to adhere to it, especially in the present state of affairs. I have great satisfaction in stating, that our re lations with Fiance, Itirskia, and other Powers, continue on the most friendly basis. In our domestic concerns we have ample cause of satisfaction. The receipts into the Treasury, during the three first quarters of the year, have exceeded 17,000,000 of dollars. After satisfying all the demands which have been matte under existing appropriations, including the final extinction of the old six per cent. stock, and the redemption of a moiety of the Louisiana; debt, it is estimated that there will remain in the Trea sury, on the Ist day of January next, more than 2,000,000 of dollars. It is ascertained that the gross revenue which has accrued from the customs during the same pe riod, amounts to 21,000,000 of dollars, and that the revenue ut the whole year may be estimated at not less than 26,000,000. The sale of the pub lic lands during the year has also greatly exceed ed, both in quantity and price, that of any former year ; and there is just reason to expect a pro gressive improvement in that source of revenue. It is gratifying to know, that although the an nual expenditure has been increased by the act of the last Session of Congress, providing for revolu tionary pensions, to an amount about equal to the proceeds of the internal duties, which were then repealed, the revenue for the ensuing year will be proportionably augmented ; and that, whilst the public expenditure will probably remain station ary, each successive year will add to the national resources, by the ordinary increase of our popula tion, and by the gradual development of our latent sources of national prosperity. The strict execution of the revenue laws, re sulting principally front the salutary provisions of the Act of the 20th of April last, amending the sehralcollection laws, has, it is presumed, se cured to domestic manufactories all the relief that can be derived from the duties whid have been ' imposed upon foreign merchandize for their pro tection. Under the influence of this relief, seve ral branches of this important national interest have assumed great :activity, and, although.it is hoped that others will gradually revive and nisi mately triumph over every obstacle, yet the ex pedieney of granting further protection is sub mitted to yotv consideration. The measures of defence authorized by existing laws have been pursued with the teal and activity doe to so important an object, and with all the dispatch practicable in so extensive anti great an undertaking.' The survey of our maritime and inland frontiers has been continued ; and at the points where it was decided tri erect fortifications, the work has been commenced, and in some in stances considerable progress has been made. In compliance with resolutions of the last session, the Board of Commissioners wet e directed In examine in a particular manner the parts of the coast there in designated, and to report their opinion of the most suitable sites for two naval depots. This work is in a train of execution. The opinion of the Board on this subject, with a plan of all the works necessary to a general system of dtienee, so far as it has been formed, will be laid before Congress, in a Report from the proper Depart ment, as soon as it can be prepared. In conformity with the appropriations of the last Sesuion, treaties have been formed with the Quispaw tribe of Indians, inhabiting the country on the ArkßllStitv, and wi:h rite Great and Little Usages north of the White river ; with the tribes in the state of Intliiana ; with the several tribes within the state of Ohio, and the Michigan terri tory; an d with the Chickasaws; by which very ex tensive cessions of territory have been made to the Uaited . Stares. Negotiations are now pending with the tribes in the Illinois territory,and with the Choctaws, by bleb it is expected that other exten sive cessions will be made. I take great interest in stating that the cessions already made, which are considered so important to the United States, have been obtained on conditions very satisfactory to the Indians. With a view to the security of our inland Iron tiers, it has been thought expedient to establish strong posts at the mouth of the Yellow Stone. ;leer, and at the Mandan village. on the Missouri; and at the mouth of St. Peters, on .-!he Missis sippi. at no great distance from our northern boundaries. It can hardly be presumed, while such posts are maintained in the rear of the In dian tribes, that they will venture to attack our peaceable inhabitants. A strong hope is enter tained that this measure will likewise be produc tive of much good to the tribes themselves, espe cially in promoting the great object of their civi lisation. Experience has clearly demonstrated, that independent savage communities cannot twig exist within the limits of a civilised pop' lation. The progress of the latter has, almost invariably, terminated in the extinction of the former, espe cially of the tribes belonging to our portion of this hemisphere, among whom, loftiness of sen timent, and. gallantry in action, have been con spicuous. To civilise them, and eveL to prevent their extinction, it seems to be indlipensahle that their independence, as communities, shoeld cease, and that the contron! of time United States over them should be complete and undisputed. The hunter slate will then be more easily abandoned, and recourse will be had to the acquisition and culture of land, and to other pursuits tending to dissolve the ties which connect them together as R savage community, and to give a new character to every individual. 1 present this subject to the consideration of Congress, on the presumption that it may be found expedient and practicable to adopt some benevolent provisions, having these objects in view, relative to the tribes within our settlements. It has been necessary, during the present year, to maintain a strong naval force in the Mediter ranean, and in the Gulp!► of Mexico, and to send some public ships.along..tbe southern coast, and to the Pacific Ocean. By these means, amicable relations with the Barbary Powers have laeen preserved, our commerce has been protected, and our rights respected. The augmentation of our navy is advancing with a steady progress towards the limit contemplated by law. I communicate with great satisfaction the ac cession of another state, Illinois, to our Union ; because I perceive, friim the proof afforded by the additions already made-, the regular progress and sure consummation of a policy, of which history affords no example, and at which the good effect cannot he too highly estimated. By extending our thivernment, on the principles of our Con stitution, over the vast territory within our limits, on the Lakes and the Mississippi, and its nu merous streams, new life and vigour are infused into every part of our system. By increasing the number of the states, the confidence of the State Governments in their own security is increased, and their jealousy of the National Government proportionably diminished. The impracticability of one consolidated Government for this great and growing nation will be more apparent, and • will be universally admitted. Incapable of ex ercising local authority, except for general pur poses, the general G►►►ernment will no longer be dreaded. In those cases of a local nature, and for all the great purposes for which it was insti tuted, its authority will be cherished. Each Go vernment will acquire new force, end a greater freedom of action, within its proper sphere. Other inestimable advantages will follow : our produce will be augmented to an incalculable amount, in articles of the greatest value, for do mestic use and foreign commerce. Our naviga tion will, in like degree, be- increased ; and, as the shipping of the Atlantic States will be em ployed in the transportation of the vast produce of the Western Country, even those parts of the "United States which are the most remote from each other will be further bound together by the strongest ties which mutual interest can create. The situation of this district, it is thought, re- quires the attention of Congress. By the Con stitution the power of legislation is exclusively vested in the Congress of the United States. In the exercise of this power, in which the people have no participation, Congress legislate •in all cases directly on the local concerns of the district. As this is a departure; for a special purpose, from the general principles of our system, it may omit consideration whether au arrangement better adapted to the principles of our Governme' , t, to the particular interests of the people, may " a be devised, which will neither_ infringe the Col?' stitution, nor affect the object which the:previ' si" in question was intended to secure. T i '!, growing population, already considerable, the increasing business of the district, whieb, tt is believed, already interferes with the delthgra" dons of Congress on great national concernsi, furs;sh additional motives for recommending, thi s subject to your consideration. ‘Vhen we view the great blessings with whic h our country has been favoured, those which ‘i'e now enjoy, and the means which w, possess of handing them down, unimpaired, to our latest posterity, our attention is irresistibly drawn to the source from whence they flow. Let us Oleo unite in offering our most grateful ackftbwledg e " molts for these blessings to the Divine Author of all aood. Nov, 17, ISIS. JAMES MONROE- LAW INTELLIUENCE. VICE-CHANCELIAM'S COURT, DEC. 23. THE EARL OF SHAFTESBURY, LORD ROBERT SPF rid CFR, AND HENRY BLACKSTONE, ESQ,, v. TO DUKR t , F MARLBOROUGH. Mr. I.3it.t. stated, that this was a petition nn the part of tiie Duke of Morlborough, praying that the receiver is ho had been lately appointed by that Court might be directed to pay over to General St. John, the surplus of the rents and profits arising from certain estates of which the phd r uifr s w ere trustees. The estates in ques-t-ion were limited under the trusts specified for the term or 300 year 9, but the defendant had assigned his interest t° General St. John. The ptincipal conditions of the trust were, to keep down the interest of incum" brances, to secure the sum of 30,0001. as a pro' vision for the Duchess, and provide fur the grand' children. The bill went on to pray for a reference to the Master, to inquire and report what was the value of the timber already cut down, what tree' were fit to be cut down at . present, and how the produce ought to be applied. Sir A. PIGGOTT, for Lord Shaftesbury and Lord Robert Spencer, °Wet red, that it was a part of the decree of the Court made on the Bth et August last, that the surplus of ,the , trust eatates , after performing the conditions of the convey' ance, snould be paid to the present Duke of Marl' borough. The petition referred to a deed exe: cute(' by his Grace to General St. John ; but of this the Court could take no notice nor make of or;icr thereon, as General St. Johu was not e party to the suit. This application called u pon the Court to alter a decree on petition, which could nor be regularly tione except on a supple' mentary bill. . _ Mr. 'HART said, he appeared for Mr. Black• stone, the other trustee, and his only objection to the prayer of this petition was of the same nature as that stated by h►s Lenrned htiend. The Court ►directed a reference to the Master, in conformity to the defendant's application, PROPOSED FASHIONABLE MARRIAGE. PHILIPS t. HERBERT. Mr. WINGFIELD stated, that this was a petition from Lord Anson, praying that it might be re" (erred to the 'Master to inquire whether the pro" pos4ls of marriAge which his Lordship had mad!, to Catheriue Louisa Philips were proper ; andl i such should he the :'Taster's opinion, then that 04 might be directed to prepare a proper at ttlemelltf Granted. LORD CLIFDEN AND OTHERS V. THE DUKE OF MARL` BoßoUGli. This was en application by Mr. Hoatl - E, on the part of the Noble plaintiff; the object of which was, that he should be aliotved to claim on tun general estate of th- Noble detendant, lie amoung of ally deficiency which might aope4r in the rents and profits of a certain . estate, cailed Steeple Bo' toss Estate, which ha•i beets concignett by the fate Duke of Marlborough to the Nonle plaintiff, Lor a Clitden, as an indemnity to secure the contingen t , amount of tithes, which operated as a deduction' to the rents and profits of another estate, coile d 1-Joldenby Estate, which Lnid Clitden had pre' viously purchased from the Noble Duke, for se' venty thousand pouLds. This question was involved in much intricacyt and between the statement of the Noble plaintn; and the Report of the Master, to whom it 1 0d previously been submitted, there was, in the niou of his Honour the Vlce-CHaNceLLott, an itreconcileable .incongruity ; to adjust w hich , after a long discussion of forms, precedents, and-, technicalities, in which Sir ARTHUR PIGGOTT, f (1! the Trustees, Mr. SHADWELL I' and M. BELL 1 0 ° ii ' part, his - Honour the VICE-CHANCELLOR direct e d that the Report be sent back for the Master t° review it, with liberty to the_ Noble plliintitio Lord Clifden, to amend Isis claim. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, DEC. 23. PRITCHARD V. LOVBLL• This ‘..18 an action for a Libel which appelge in a Newspaper published by the defendant. was inerely called in Court, in order that th e parties might withdraw a jurer, the defendatA having privately satisfied the plaintiff. COAL NIARKET, DECEM BER O. • ' Ships at Mai kct. Ships sold. Price. _.,, 32 Newc7“,tle . l2 .....345. Od. to 465. ti, 8 Sunderland ...... ........ 5 2f Elgin Man C0a1.... i ...355. 6d. to "-". nd , 2 lialbeatliCoal .....0...........—5. 04. to — 4l ' ''''. MARRIED. Alexander Malcolm Nightingale, Esq., third son Of the tats Sir Edward Nightingale, Bart. of Kncesworth-hall, in t h .: county of Cambridge, to Marianne, only daughter of the 10`" Captain Herbert Beaver. lED. e On the 21st Dec. Mrs. F. D I. Master, relict of Wm. O Master, Esq. late of Yokes, Merewort h, W -- 1 Kent, and the o r ' vivo` of the Dalison f am il y of Hampton's, W est Peckham' . . Kent, in her 87th year. - Ou Monday, the 21st inst. at Epsom, Mrs. Richardson, ~ wife of John Richardson, Esq. of Bury-Street, St. James aged 7 1. so On the 22d inst. the Chevalier Ignatius Paly art, his Fe s Faithful Majesty's Consul-General in Great Britain. [Prprincial Births, &c. To-:tnorrow., t LONDON: Printed hr J. B. CARSTAIRS. of N o. 29, 91. Ormond-street, Queen-square and published b* rK SCRIPPS, of No. 7, South Nlolton-street, at THE _., Office, No. 112, Strand ; where Adreiti3ements, Lawns, &c. (post-pail) must beaddressed. ordoP. / 1 1 "" J 'Mot Pr on o r he 'saw as for Sett f Oar Sanip Vile resp, at Trot, rernlS •the Ser Lchvern Propo; P9sals the .str irl dart :>lf °4tkix 4 ROyA 1.7( fu; for Six the nAY. t nofin ; n Proposa tLuiiii N.B. rior will Forms; Tr! ' Tit A DI . That Writing vfJanu: and tttl) `fron 35 to and I y esister yr 13oral May he 4 17nyi lge born e G •. The gal. fur 1-41 iY serf Ett or slt h of rrceire • 'rt, e 'thr \hii *IL P .r!tr. NI: 11111.110., 1114,,y of e,,- 1!)1,1 2 qe!.iirt.t the flu: caner', • ( )dic e h. left. •j Ibediate v lla 'pital 14 eurity, i scribers iiratecte litti so sir LTniu `alid