The Sun. — London, England, 1864-08-04 00:00:00

TEE CONFEDERATE STATES, (From the Special CorrespondeAt of the limes.) Ric EMOND, June 27 If a man were landed here 1:rom a balloon after si.t months' absence—if he were taken along Grace or Franklin Straits in this city on a summer even. ins., and told that two enormous armies are lying a few miles off and disputing its possession, he would deem his informant a lunatic. In every porch he would see a group of gaily-attired ladies (I do not believe that 20 rigorous years of blockade would pale the lustre of ladies' toilet in an American town) ; he would hear many a light laugh, many a song issuing from open casements ; he might pass an hour in conversation without being reminded that war is furiously raging, otherwise than by the suggestive boom of the faintly heard cannon ; and, finally, when the conversation turned into its well.worn groove, he would find that Richmond trusts and believes in St. Lee as much as Mecca in Mahomet, or Spain in St. James of Compostella. That the confidence reposed in Gen. Lee's ability is reasonable no one disputes. Do the circumstances in which his army is placed, its morale, and num bers inspire equal faith ? In order to answer these questions I must premise that two railroads feed Richmond from the south—one the line from Wil. mington to Weldon, Petersburg, and Richmond-- VC other the railroad which comes up from Greens• borough through the centre of North Carolina, enters Virginia at Danville, and, running through the heart of the State, reaches Richmond from the south.west. It may be at on ce conce d e d that there is little likelihood that the first—the Petersburg and -Weldon Railroad—can be kept open. Grant's army lies so closely in its proximity, and his cavalry can strike it in so many points along the 60 miles which intervene between Weldon and Petersburg, as to negative its utility. It would be a waste of power for G enera l L ee to try and keep it in operation. Upon the other railroad, or rather sipon the 90 miles of it between Richmond and the 5 tauntoa river, Gen. Lee's defensive ingenuity will be exhausted. This railroad is, in its nearest point, dis, - ant about 25 miles from Grant's extreme left, and trends away from him into the interior of Viz.. ginia, so that an interval of 90 miles divides him from the bridge over the Staunton river. Can this railroad be kept substantially in operation ? It has already been destroyed at intervals for 35 miles northwards from the Staunton river by a mingled body of Federal cavalry and infantry, but inasmuch kls no important bridge has been destroyed, the da mage can be repaired in 14 days. I will at once ea pt ess my conviction that Grant is not strong enough eit.'aer in cavalry or infantry to do more than dash at this railroad and inflict from time to time light damage upon it. Richmond can never be starved oat until these two railroads from the South as well as the James River Canal and the railroads from the North can be utterly annihilated, and can be kept annihilated. As an illustration how quickly damage, if lightly inflicted, is repaired,' may mention that the Virginia Central Railroad, which was destroyed for many miles by Steridan upon Jane 11, has for some days past been open and running to Charlottesville, whence it continues indirectly to Lynchburg. This line would, in addition to the James River Canal, abundantly victual Richmond, although every other line were cut. In short, to talk of Richmond being besieged because Grant's army environs Petersburg, 22 miles away, is about as reasonable to pretend that London was on short rations when Napoleon's army menaced England from Boulogne in 1804. It is a tremendous undertaking to starve out a town, even when i is closely invested by land and water. We all - snow the historical sieges which Londonderry, San.gosso, Genoa, and 100 other cities have stood ; there is as much analogy between the present con dition of Richmond and these memorable passages of history as 'oetween the lazy Scheid and the rapids of Niagara. Secondly, it is abundantly evident that Grant, though outnumbering Leo largely, dares not spread over too long a line, for fear of having his centre pierced, and Austerlitz reenacted on the southern bank of the James. The Federal General has already tried to stretch his left as far as his men could be persuaded to go, but the past week has shown that between the armies there is almost as much differ ence of morale as between Leonidas's Spartans and Xerxes's Persians. Upon the 23d the Confederate Gen. Mahone doubled round Granee left and cap tured 1,600 men, who scarcely fought at all. Two days later a body of Federals entrenched them. selves upon the Petersburg and Weldon Railroad, were attacked by the same Confederate General, and fled at once, leaving 500 of their number priso ners. The inpouriog of Federal prisoners into Rich mond these last four days has been incessant. lam at a loss to convey to you the contemptuous tone in which the tried and war-worn soldiers of Gen. Lee talk of the huddled rabble of black, white, and cop per coloured victims (there are Indians serving uader the Stars and Stripes) who Are at times goaded up to the Southern lines. Who can wonder that men coming on an acre deep are mercilessly massacred ? We read with astonishment in the Northern joure nals that the fighting around Petersburg has been tern ific. The universal account given to me in the Southern army has been " since the battle of Cold Harbour on June 3 we have had little but skirmish ing." It is safe to conclude that Grant will never dare to spread his army over the 25 miles between its pre. sent position and the Danville Railroad, and unless he can encamp upon the two railroads, and lie there permanently, he is as far from the completion of his teak as a traveller who has surmounted the Mon tanvert is from the top of Mont Blanc. I am satisfied that General Grant will make no more onslaughts upon Confederate breastworks. He knows very well that neither Petersburg nor Rich mond will be taken by fighting. It is a question of subsistence, and if Grant lies in his present lines through the summer, Richmond's poorer classes may see hard times before September, and for the twentieth time the Confederate army may be for a few weeks on half rations. But, if it is imagined nat the earnestness of these Southerners, proved in the furnace of three years of suffering and afflic tion, and stimulated by such acrid hatred as eye has not seen nor ear heard before, is unequal to the occasion, England must be as ignorant about this struggle as she is held here to be indifferent. In the meantime, Grant's difficulty in holding his posi tion on Bermuda Hundred and close to City Point will be enormous, putting aside all question of fight ing. He is constantly being reinforced by raw, green troops, who are absolutely worthless as fight ing material, and who are destined to fringe the River James with their graves from City a i.Point half-way to Fortress Munroe. The marshes of the Js.mes in August and September are as deadly as the swamps of Walcheren or Terracing. There is so:no nonsense talked in Northern papers about Grant': occupying a fine, healthy, ro lli ng country. It is notorious that Bermuda Hundred is one of the most pestilential spots on the river, and th e n i ght fo which arises from City Point, and spreads over half the Northern a r my, tells its tale to all who are not ysilfully blind. General Leo has exacted heavy toll between the 3d of May and the 3d of June —the James river will assist him in August and September as much as that memorable night of frost in 1812, in which 20,000 French horses perished, aided the Russians. It is impossible to resist speculating upon the question whether, after a review of the campaign of the last two months, it is reasonable to pros nounce Grant a great General—to put him on the same platform as Lee. I will at once avow my own convAction, which is shared by every one worth ii,t enl ng to in Secessia, that not one of Grant's pre- decessors in Virginia has shown one tithe of the tenacity, energy, celerity, and resolution which the recent campaign has set down to Grant's credit. 1;14611ex, Hooker, Pope, or Burnside would have gone bac:: after the battle of th e Wil derness, and woud never hale got such an effort as was made at Soottsylvania Court-house out of a beaten army, rant due credit f or vigour in Bat, after giving CI ham:lli n ,, his men, and keeping them compactly together ( w hi c h i s the greatest difficulty a F e d era l General encounters), I am unable to see that his conception of the camp4iga was able, thouge it must be conf esse d that th e s trcinge incompete ncy of Butler made h a if o r G ra nt's e fiasco be fo re it is that it in the first it was corneae-aced. G sr t a i n on the York he bad la n d e d 200 , 000 men i cst River or James River, and had not sacrificed the bone and sinew of his army in fighting his way to the White-boase, which he might have reached by water without losing a man, his position now would be very diffirent. Weeks and weeks will probably pass without amending his prospec before Peters burg. in the meantime diversions, which will dis tract him terribly will be pretty sure to change the aspect of civil and military affairs in the North before September has passed. Grant is one of those sledge-hammers of war of the same stamp as Suwar row, whose spirits rise with danger, and whose ccurage borders upon brutality. Lee is his equal in celerity and endurance, his superior in foresight, prudence, and sagacity, July 5. In contemplating the desolating struggle which has drawn upon the American Republic the eyes of civilised mankind, no one can fail to marvel at the weakness, querulousness, and frothiness which have marked the deliberations of the representative as semblies of either belligerent. In the North, while all the fiercest passions of mankind, disengaged by the supreme peril of the nation, have been at sea without rudder or compass, we have simultaneously sem Congress roaring like a sucking dove, vapour ing about the Monroe doctrine, jobbing and recrimi nating, and occasionally imitating the example of the Lower Empire,which, hemmed in by barbarians, vented itself in abstract discussions while the bat tering ram thundered at the city gates. Similarly, it is impossible to point to any debate in the Southern Congress which has risen to the height of the great argument before it ; and it is my belief that in three years of discussion at Montgomery and Richmond only one speech delivered in Congress will hereafter arrest the attention of the historian. I mean the remarkable effort of Mr Wigfall in favour of the temporary suspension of the bill of habeas corpus. If, however, the normal temper of the two representative bodies at Washington has been less steadfast, less dignified, and unshrinking than has been the case at Richmond, it seems to me that Washington has contributed more speeches that will live. It requires no stretch of fancy to picture that the speech which earned for Mr Vallandigham the honour of expatriation, and likewise that the speeches of Mr Long of Ohio, and Mr Voortrees of Indiana, are likely to be quoted at many a fireside _ _ when the rabid diatribes of of Messrs. Sumner and Lovejoy have been long forgotten. But, anyhow, when we recall the remarkable ability displayed in the Revolutionary War by such civilians as Alexan• der Hamilton, Benjamin Franklin, Madison, Galla tin, and Jefferson, it is difficult to believe that the 20 millions in the Northern States should in their hour of agony have produced not only no great soldier, but also no eminent administrator in any depart ment of civil life. It may fairly be questioned whether any other Northern civilian has shown such tact and ability as have been displayed by Mr. Adams at his delicate post in London. If, on the other hand, there is in the Southern Congress no Patrick Henry, it cannot be denied that the joint resolution which it put forth before expir ing, and which may be read in another column, is worthy of the occasion. It is understood that this manifesto is from the hand of Mr. Rives, formerly United States' Minister in Paris, and at present a member of the House of Representatives at Rich mond, in which his long experience of public life, and his worth and uprightness of character, procure for him high consideration and respect. It has often been alleged that the Confederate States have done little or nothing to submit their cause temperately to the intelligent judgment of the civilised world. It will be seen at once that in the accompanying manifesto some such attempt has been made by Mr. Rives, Not forgetful of Tallyrand's warning against an excess of zeal, Mr. Rives states without exagge ration the wellknown principles which the Southern States have always maintained as to the separate independence and sovereignty of States. It it im possible to look around you here in Richmond, or to go 20 miles away to Petersburg, or converse with the general cfficers, the subalterus, or the rank and file of the Confederate army without acknowledg ing the truth of the following words : " For ourselves we have no fear of the result. The wildest picture ever drawn by a disordered imagination comes short of the extravagance which could dream of the conquest of 6,000,000 people, resolved with one mind to die freemen rather than live slaves, and forewarned by the savage and exterminating spirit in which this war has been waged upon them, and by the mad avowals of its patrons and sup porters of the worse than Egyptian bondage that awaits them in the event of their subjugation." 'There are many passages of warlike history which reveal such excesses of systematic and callous bru tality towards non-combatants as have drawn down upon them the common execration of mankind. The merciless ferocity of Tilly in the Palatinate, the Dragonnades of Louis XIV., the conduct of war by Cromwell in Ireland, of the Duke of Cumberland after the battle of Culloden, are among the instances which occur to everybody. The military student will, perhaps, recall a more modern instance in the retreat of the baffled Massena from before the lines of Torres Vedras, and will remember the ruthless. ness towards peasants, villages, and convents which wrung from Wellington the remark that, "It has seldom been equalled and never surpassed." I do net believe,lhowever—and I say it advisedly—that any of these infamous passages, in regard to which lapse of time serves but to increase the asperity of our indignation, surpasses in atrocity the system of Federal warfare in the Southern States, and notably in Virginia. In burning words of eloquent censure Mr. Motley has held up to our loathing the hor rible cruelty of Also. and the bigoted tyranny of his master. Yet Mr. Motley is the complacent and contented servant of a Republic which, in the name of liberty, encourages enormities as repugnant to the civilised warfare of the 19th century as were Philip ll.'s outrages, in the name of religion, to the moral sense of the 16th. Ido not mean that throats are cut indiscriminately as they were by Alva, although many a dark tale of cupidity and assassination has issued from the forests and byways of Virginia. I could, were it not as distasteful to me to write as it is to your readers to learn such gloomy horrors, accumulate evidence substantiating the occurrence of many such murders of civilians in cold blood be yond refutation. Nor, again, do I assert that women are stripped and forced to run races in the presence of a licentious soldiery, as in the days of the brutal Duke of Cumberland. But I do mean to assert—and I challenge contradiction of this statement—that outrages such as my pen must seek a periphrasis to describe, and of which white women are the object, have repeatedly occurr©d ; that in a special degree the country called the northern neck of Virginia (ly. ing between the Potomac and Rappahannock rivers) has witnessed them again and again; that the Afri can savage, stimulated by those white agents who give:effect to Mr. Sumner's and Mrs. Beecher Stowe's theories, is the perpetrator of them, that I am in a position to mention not less than ten horrors, which during the last three months, have occurred in the county of Westmoreland alone, and which arc un surpassed in atrocity by the most loathsome records of modern or ancient warfare. After this statement it is a relief to turn to the mere details of plunder and cupidity. Your readers can scarcely be igno rant that through every portion of Virginia Fede ral raiders have circulated, have killed every four footed or feathered animal, except the horses which have been carried off, have stripped lonely women surrounded by children of every vestige of food, have pillaged ladies' clothing and every portable article of value, have burnt ly.rns and houses at will wherever their lust of plunder has been bafflad. Will it be pretended that this is civilised war fare ? Can it be alleged that the Federals are merely exacting retribution for airliner deeds of the Southerners in Pennsylvania? I apprehend no such defence will be attempted. The truth is, that for the first time in modern warfare we are contem plating an army which is at onco republican and andiscinliced. We see officers who in m any cases are more debased than their men, and who impose upon those man none of the restraints which strict discipline and organisation extracted from the Re. publican levies by whose agency Napoleon domi neered over Rome, Vienna, Berlin, Moscow, and Madrid. The consequences may be imagined. Ido net deny that among the Federal officers are OM. ionaily high-minded and honourable men, such as General Meade or General Kelly, and I believe I may add General Grant, who would nom the im putation of plundt ring civilians in,war as they Would THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 4, 1864. scorn committing a burglary in peace. But if the re publicanism of their troops admitted the possibility of truth being told, these exceptional Generals would be the first to confess that they are too few, and feeble to leaven the mass of officers around them, or to exert the smallest influence on the loosely coupled and undisciplined rank and file. The situation of affairs in front of Petersburg re mains the same. I do not myself believe that Grant will maintain his present position much longer. It is the opinion of those who understand the South best, it would have been wiser for their opponents to have assumed everywhere, in the present cam paign, a defensive attitude, and while strong lines were held in Virginia, Georgia, and Louisiana to have lured the Southerners on to some rash step like the invasion of Maryland, or Pennysylvania, or Tennessee. By assuming the aggressive the Fe derals have drawn down upon themselves the grave disasters which have overtaken General Banks in Louisiana, and the unpromising prospects which seem to await General Grant before Richmond, The Confederate army cannot be disposed of until it has weakened itself by some aggressive move, and after such a move, to which the well-known impatience of the Southern character would infal. libly prompt, the way to Richmond would be, so far as it ever can be, uncovered. As matters now stand, with Grant baffled and arrested, I see no other course for the Federals to pursue than, by acting on the defensive, to let the weight of the tai possidetis principle tell, and when any talk of nego tiations arises to ask the Confederates, " What have you in exchange for New Orleans, Pensacola, Key West, Morris Island, Port Royal, Beaufort, New bern, Norfolk, Fortress Monroe, Western Virginia, and the State of Tennessee to give, and how can you talk of peace unless you give us payment for each of these cities and regions, or, failing that, allow these cities and regions to remain in our hands ?" was weathered by the respective craft as follows, the wind being now nearly duo south:— If, Af . S. Arrow Mosquito Alert° Surf Volanto Astarte l2 49 0 Marina The Norman weathered, the Arrow made a long board in for the weather.shore, under Priory Point, then tacked and stood out for the western end of the course —the Warner lightship—closely followed in all her movements by the Mosquito. The Warner was weathered by the Arrow at 12h 5m 555; the Mosquito followed round at 12h 56m 15s; the dye next vessels weathering it as fol lows H. M. S. Alerts Surf ... 1 5 40 Vo!ante Astarte 1 17 50 1 25 50 Marina The Arrow and Mosquito soon had their balooners out on their bowsprits, and, with sheets slacked off, camo bowling along on the hack of the tide, and before the southerly breeze for Calshot light-vessel, Ryde pier head, Stokes' bay pier being in line, being passed thus S. Arrow Mosquito 1 26 30 Alerte Surf 1 33 23 Volante Astarte 1 61 0 Marina 1 67 12 It was simply a plain ran in before the wind from the Warner to the mark boat off Egypt, and this left nothing of interest until the leading vessels had rounded the Calshot light, when the wind fell considerably, and but slow progress was ,made thence for some time. The Alerto, Surf, and Volante passed round the lightship protty close together. From the lightship to the mark-boat of the Egypt there was nothing but variable winds and calms, now favouring one of the competing vessels, and now another. The Arrow was in luck, as usual, and managed to scramble down to the mark-boat, when she fell in with a slashing south-west breeze, which she carried with her into the goal, falling light again, however, on the csmmencement of her second round. The times in which the first round was eventually completed by all was as follows 11. M. 8. Arrow Mosquito Alerts 3 61 55 Volante Surf Astarte Marina . The Vindex was lost sight of in the early part of the race, and it was supposed got on some part of one of the shoals. When the leading yachts were returning westward from the Warner the Vindex was discovered passing Ryde-pier to the eastward, and when the Marina had completed her first round the Vindex was seen tacking along the north shore, between Lepe and Eaglehurst, for the mark boat off Egypt. Under these circumstances, she was not timed with the other vessels. The second round was commenced with the wind so far favourable that it onab)ed them to lay their course round Castle Point Buoy to the eastward, but it was very uncertain in its nature, and the probability existing at the time our parcel left Cowes was that the race would not be finished within the time laid down by the rules of the squadron. To-day her Majesty's Cup will be sailed for. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE, METROPOLITAN. The directors of this company have resolved to recom mend the proprietors to declare a dividend on the ordinary stock of the company at the rare of 5t per cent, per annum for the half-year ending June 30 last. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. BRIGHTON RACES.—WzDNEspiy. The Cup Day generally tees the largest attendance here, and on this occasion there was no falling off from the rule. To the holiday-makers, unconcerned as to the " bad going," the weather was everything that was delightful, and we never remember so many carriages or such a crowded stand. The racing was rather poor, though it commenced with a fine struggle between Durham and Deorfoot for the Pavi lion Plate, and which excited an unusual amount of inte rest from the even merits of the two, Lord Uxbridge's horse only won by a head after a very game race. The Ovingdean Plate brought out a fair field, and re sulted in a good race between the first two. Antidote stay ing the longest, and winning by half a length. In the Cup, only Dollar and Little Stag put in an appearance, the Good wood winner here meeting his opponent at 51b worse terms than last week. They laid odds on Dollar, who proved himself again a first-rate horse, by having the best of it all the way, and winning cleverly by a neck. Lord St. Yin cent's horse never succeeding in getting up to him. The other events call for no particular comment. The Pavilion Plate (handicap) of 100 soya for all ages, added to a sweepstakes of 5 SOTS each, Winners extra. Bristol mile. 56 subs. Lord Uxbridge's Durham, 3 yrs, Bst Mr Woodson's Deorfoot, 4 yrs, 9st 21b (inc. 101 b extra) (Hibberd) 2 Mr Price's Xurullo, 5 yrs, Bst 21b Betting—Even on Durham, and 2 to 1 ant Deerfoot. They alternately led for a quarter of a mile, when Deer foot, on the, ! inside, took a slight lead, which he retained to the stand, where he was joined by the favourite, who got got up in the last stride or two and won a fine race by a head, Deerfoot was second, three parts of a length in ad vance of Xurullo. The Sussex Stakes of 5 sous each, with £5O added, for 2-yr-olds and upwards. Weight for age, with maiden and selling allowances. Last half mile. 6 subs. Mr W. Morris's Lady Abbess, 4 yrs, (£5O), Bst 41b (Custance) 1 Lord Uxbridge's Erythia, 4 yrs (Z5O), Bst 41b (T. French) 2 Mr Mundy's Fanny, 2 yrs (£5O), Est ....(J. Grimehaw) 3 Mr J. Stephenson's Goram (late (Egon), 2 yrs (50), list (Sayers) 4 Lord Westmoreland's Wicket, 2 yrs (L5O), Set 111 b (H. Sharp) 5 Betting-6 to 4 agst Fanny, 2to 1 agst Lady Abbess, 5 to 1 agst Erythia, and 8 to 1 each age (foram and Wicket. Erythia, with the favourite at her girth, got away in front, closely followed by Lady Abbess and Goram to half way up the hill, whore Fanny was beaten and her place was taken by Lady Abbess, who came on in attendance upon the loader to the stand, where she obtained a slight advan take, and won a good race by a head ; a length and a half between the second and third. The winner was bought in for 220 guineas. The 0 Tingdean Plate of 100 sous (handicap), for all ages. Winners extra. New Ovingdeau Course, about six furlongs. Mr Johnson's Antidote, 4 yrs, Sat (H. Grirashaw) 1 Mr York's Lytham, 3 yrs, 7st Gib (Lomeli) 2 Lord Westmoreland's Deception, 4 yrs, Sat .. (Morgan) 3 The following also ran:—Starbeam, Sardinia, Weather glass, Little Savage, Mysterious Lady, Aunt Judy, Aris tocrat, Elise, Lovelace, and Parchment colt. Betting-4 to 1 agst Lytham, sto 1 agst Weatherglass, to 1 each agat Deception, Little Savage, Sardinia, and Lovelace, and 10 to 1 agat Antidote: They loft the post at the first attempt, Weatherglass in the centre having a slight lead of Starbeam, Lytham, Mysterious Lady, and Lovelace, the others who were headed by Antidote, Sardinia, and Syren, lying close in their wake. On reaching the distance Weatherglass gave way, and the lead was taken up by the favourite, Deception going on second and Starbeam third, these three being joined at the stand by Antidote, who shortly after got her head in front, and woe easily by half a length; a had third. Starbeam was fourth, Weatherglass fifth, Elise sixth, and Lovelace next. Sardinia jumped round as the flag was lowered, and was left at the post. _ _ Tha Brighton Cup of 150 Bova in specie, added to a sweep stakes of 10 Boys each, for 3-yr-olds and upwards ; weight for age. Winners extra. The Old Course, about two miles. 11 subs. /Ur Lupin's Dollar, 4 yrs, 9.t 71b (carried 71b extra) (Kitchener) 1 Lord St. Vincent's Little Stag, 3 )7, Isr. 91b (J:Grirnshaw) 2 In consequence of the required number nut starting, half of the added money only was given, Betting-7 to 4on Dollar. Little Stag, overpulling his rider, got away in front, but, after running a few strides, he was pulled back, and the favourite came on with a clear lead at a wretched pace. Passing the T.Y.C. poet, Little Stag went up to the Frenchman. and the pair came on abreast into the bottom, where the young one appeared to have the best of it, but as they ascended the hill Dollar again drew slightly away, and came on to the enclosure with the race apparently in hand, but Grinashaw, making a final effort, once again reached his opponent, who, having a little left, shook him off, and won cleverly by a neck. The first year of the 13th Brighton Biennial Stakes, of 10 BOVB each, with 100 added; colts, Bst 101 b; fillies, Bst 71b; winners extra. Threc-quarters of a mile. 11 subs. Count de Lagrange's Le Mandarin, 86t 101b(Edwards) w.o. The Champagne a takes, of 5 soya each, with 100 added, for 3-yr-olds and upwards—weight for age, with maiden allowances; winners extra. One mile. 13 subs. Mr Barber's The Clown, 4 yrs, let 131 b (in. 41b extra) (Fordhare) 1 Sir F. Johnstone's Historian, 3 yrs, 7st 131 b (in. 41b ex.) (S. Adams) 2 Lord St. Vincent's Microscope, 4 yrs, Tat 101 b (J. Grimshaw) 3 Betting-2 to lon The Clown, and 9to 4 agst Historian. The favourite on the outside made the running, having Historian and Microscope in close attendance, into the bot tom, where Fordham eased his horse, and Historian came on with the lead. Half-way up the hill The Clown joined Historian, the pair running together to the stand, when the latter ran out, leaving the favourite to go in an easy win ner ty half a length. The Grand Stand Plate of 60 goys (handicap). Winners extra. One mile. 8 subs. Lord Uxbrldge's Tho Tyke, 3 yrs, Sat 21b (T. French) 1 Mr Craven's Llangollen, 3 yrs, Tat 21b Mr Marsh's Confederalist, 3 yrs, Est 111 b (R. PAnson) Mr T. East's Aunt Judy, 3 yrs, Est 71b (Carroll) Mr J. Road's Bosh, 5 yrs, Bst slb (E. Foster) o Mr Thellusson's Game Pullet g, 3 yrs, bet 1011)(Mordan) 6 Betting -5 to 4on Llangollen, 3to 1 agst The Tyke, and 6 to 1 each agst Confederalist and Aunt Judy. Confederalist made the running in company with Aunt Judy and the Game Pullet, who were several lengths in ad vance of The Tyke, the favourite, and Bosh, who got badly off. On reaching the bottom, however, the two favourites had made up the lost ground, and half-way up Lord Ux bridge's colt obtained a slight lead, followed byLlangollen, who made an effort in the centre of the stand to get up, but failed, and was beaten cleverly by a neck; bad third. Scottish Mid' was struck out of the St. Leger yesterday afternoon. The precise hour not known, AQUATICS, ROYAL YACHT SQUADRON REGATTA. Yesterday' s programm e o f the R o y a l Yacht Squa d ron consiated o f th e p r i zes g i ven b y th e squa d ro n to be sailed for by cutters o f 30 tons and u p war d s , sovereigbnelo.nging to any royal yacht c l u b, t h e fi rst pr i ze b e i ng a cup, value 100 sovereigns, and the secon d a purse o f 25 A time race, half yachts t o s t ar t from off the Royal Yacht a minute p er t on a ll owance , Th ames measurement. The thence p rocee d roun d t h e W arner li g ht northward of the Calshot light vessel, passing north of the vesSsqez thence to the Squadron Castle, Brambles, thence round a mark vessel off Egypt Point, thence to pass between the starting vessel and the Royal Squadron Critle. Twice round. The following vessels entered :—The Mosquito cutter, 59, Mr T. Holdsworth ; the Ladybird cutter, 59, Mr J. P. Lethbrido ; the Volante cutter, 0, a C. Mandalay; the Phosphoru s cu tt er , 49, C a pt a i n W. EtlikeleY; the Surf cutter, 54, M r G. H arr i son; th o M a rina cutter, 65 , Mr J. C. Norri s; th e A s t ar t e cutter , 73, Mr T. Seddon ; the Alert° cutter, SG, Lieut. Jo s eph &Eiden, R.A. ; the Vinclex cutter, 45, Mr A. Duncan; the Arrow cutter, 94, Mr T. Claamberlayne, The Phosphorus and Ladybird did not start. The re maining' eight slipped their moorings from off the Royal Yacht Squadron Castle by signal at 10 a.m., and immedi ately set to work to beat their way up to the Warner against a moderato breeze from S,S.E. From Cowes roads to the eastward some very pretty sailing took place, and as the vessels reached over into Osborne Bay the wind freshened a little, and there were better signs of a s v h es o s r e t l t s ac s k ta s r a ti l o on g g . e ft Fiehhouao Creek,shun• breeze out to windw ar d th an existed at the time of the thAetislllarlicsisafor.e,the tie fleet were makin g Ling the west-going tide, the unconquerable Arrow as usual in the front place, with the Mosquito second, and the Alerts third, At 11 40 a.m. the Arrow led the way through the Royal Victoria Yacht Club fleet anchored in Hyde Roads, the famous Mosquito hanging on her weather quarter about 200 yards astern, about three times that distance separating the Mosquito from the third vessel—the Alerts, the latter with the Surf edoso astern. Three or four cables length astern followed the Volante, and astern of Volante, at about the same distance, came the Marina. At 11 43 the Arrow went about, within her own length, off Hyde pier-head, and two minutes afterwards the Mosquito was also about off the pier -head, and on the Arrow's weather, going alengheauti fully and look every inch a winner, Alorte, Surf, and Volante stood out further in the tide, Alert tanking 11 rat and fetching in to windward of Hyde pier, Surf and Volante following suit. Astarte and Marina brought up the rear some distance astern, In standing along the edge of the Ryde Sand the Arrow caught a freshening puff, and, drawing out from tho Mos quito's lee, again assumed the lead, the Moequito immedi ately going about, and making a short tack in towards the sand, In spite of the Mosquito's tactics, however, the Arrow held her own--indeed, improved it by the time she reached 14 wo:ka for i - te fort OA the Normau Shoal ; which Naval and Military Intelligence, The Royal Marine Light Infantry (Portsmouth division), under the command of Colonel-Command ing I. G.A. Ayles, and the Royal Marine Artillery from Fort Cumberland, under the command of Col. Commandant H. C. Tate, were inspected yesterday on Sonthsea-common, by the Inspector General, Major General A. B. Stransham. He arrived on the ground at two o'clock, attended by Lieut. Col. G. B. Rodney, Assistant Adjutant General, and Capt. J. C. Travers, A.8.C., and was received with a general salute by the battalions, after which a variety of mini:clines and field operations ensued; at the conclusion of which the inspecting officer highly complimented the colonels commanding on the appearance of the corps, and the excellent firiag which the men had sustained in carrying out the operations. The battalions marched off the com mon at five o'clock to their respective quarters. This being the half-yearly inspection, the Major General will this morning visit the barracks at Forton, where the Light Infantry are quartered, and to. morrow Fort Cumberland, where the Artillery are stationed. Two detachments of Royal Artillery, consisting of 105 men, under the command of Major Cook. worthy, have left Warley-barracks, near Brentwood, for furt her instruction at Sheerness and Woolwich. Sir R. Mayne, Chief Commissioner of Police, accompanied by his son, Capt. Mayne, and others, visited Chatham dockyard on Tuesday, for the pur pose of making his summer inspection of the metro politan police doing duty at the dockyard and the ether naval establishments. The division, which numbered rather less than 100 men of all grades, was under the direction of Mr Superintendent Strength, who directed the men in their drill. In the course of the inspection, which occupied some time, Sir R. Mayne saw the police perform their fire engine duties, and having inspected the various establishments, expressed to the superintendent his satisfaction with the efficient state of the men under his orders. A letter received by our Chatham correspondent from Malta describes the great success which has attended the plan adopted for protecting the ar mour-plating of the ironcased wooden frigates, as applied in the first instance to the Royal Oak, Capt. F. A. Campbell. The vessel has been ad mitted into the dock at Malta for the purpose of ascertaining the results of the measures adopted for preventing the effects of galvanic action o❑ the armour-plating. The plan, which was suggested by Mr. Reed, the chief constructor of the navy, consists in sheathing the plates with teak planking three inches in thickness, the inside of the planking and the surface of the armear-plating being at the same time coated with Hay's composition, and the planking attached to the armour-plates by means of short screws. Since the Royal Oak has been in dock at Malta a portion of the planking has been re moved, and the results have been in the highest degree satisfactory, the armour-plates behind having been perfectly protected, while not even the slightest trace of galvanic action can be detected. This improvement i❑ the way of preserving the armour plating of wooden frigates is the more important when it is recollected how seriously the plates of the Royal Oak were found to have suffered only a very short time after the frigate had been launched, on the vessel being docked and inspected in this country. Mr Reed's plan has subsequently been applied to the Ocean, armour-cased frigate, at Devonport, and so satisfied are the Lords of the Admiralty with the results in the case of the Royal Oak that they have ordered the whole surface of the armour below the water to be protected in the same way, and the work will be carried out at Malta dockyard. A similar plan will, it is understood, be adopted in the Lord Warden frigate, building at Chatham, ae well as in the other ironcased frigates. The Bacchante, screw, Captain Mackenzie, was inspected and paid off yesterday, under the super intendence of Captain Henry Caldwell, of the Steam Reserve, at Portsmouth. The appearance of the ship and crew reflects the greatest credit on the captain and officers; not a single instance of intoxication or disorder was observed. Th e v essel is to be placed in the third-class Steam Reserve. The following received gratuities and medals for good service pension :—Richard Overing, boat swain's mate, £1.5 and medal ; John Dagwell, boat swain's mate, £lO and medal; James Fowles, ship's cook, £l5 and medal; and Enedar Hawke, caulker, £lO and medal, The Philomel screw gun 'vessel, Commander Wil man, arrived at Spithead yesterday from the West Coast of Africa. She is expected to proceed to Woolwich to be paid off. The Himalaya screw troopship, Capt. Lacy, win leave Portsmouth this morning for Dover, where she will embark the 78th Regiment for Dublin. It is expected she will be employed in conveying troops between Dover, Ireland, and Portsmouth for this month; atter which sho will proceed to Quebec to bring home a battalion of Guards. The two Turkish lino of battle ships Estourel and Releepers Nusrett have discharged their guns and ammunition in charge of the Military Store Depart ment of Woolwich Arsenal, and were yesterday towed up from their moorings at Purfiest to Black wall to be supplied with steam machinery. The following appointments were made yesterday at the Admiralty :—Abraham Hogg, essist-surg., to the Aledwin ; C. A. Bydder, chief engineer, to the Meanee ; Richard Cook, chief engineer, to the Asia for the Furious; and J. Torkington, second• class ausistant engineer, to the Prince Consort. MUNIFICENT DONATION.—A benevolent lady has, through Messrs. Hoare, the bankers, of Flcot-street, forwarded the National Lifeboat Institution the very munificent donation of £5,000 in aid of the general pur poses of the society. This largo sum will enable its com mittee to place eight or nine additional lifebcate on the coast. The institution has already under its management about 140 lifeboat establishments, which require about £7,003 annually to keep in 'an effective state, averaging £5O per lifeboat station. The institution's large life saving fleet rescues on an average between 400 and 500 ship. wrecked persons every year, and it grants rewards to the crews of &Lang and other boats for rescuing about the same number of s hi pwrec k e d sailors. A young woman, named Sarah Morgan, a domes tic servant with the family of Mr Edward Morgan, Tyny park E.rat, G. aracrganshire, was shot dead, on Saturday by a Y al l'ugroan, nan,e.l Johnson, who was "plazsine with a loaded gun, NORTH-EASTERN. The report of the directors of this company states that the traffic receipts for the half•year ending June 30 last show an increase of £155,065 as compared with those for the corresponding half of 1863. The gross traffic receipts amounted to £1,464,623, and the working expenses, taxes, &c., to £672,068, leaving the net receipts £792,555, or £i02,085 more than for the corresponding half of last year. The balances, after providing for dividends on preferential stock and shares, amounted on the Berwick account to £208,009, on the York account to £79,513, on the Leeds account to £22,865, on the Thirsk and Melton account to £1,511, on the Carlisle account to £44,006, and on the Dar lington account to £63,305. Out of these balances the di rectors recommend the payment of dividends on the Berwick ordinary stock at the rate cf 5f per cent per annum, leaving £3,631; on the York ordinary stock at the rate of 4.1 per cent per annum, leaving £2,300; on the Leeds ordinary stock at the rate of 3h per cent per annum, leaving £1,077; on the Thirsk and Malton at the rate of 4► i por cent per annum, leaving £419; on the Carlisle ordinary stock at the rate of 7 per cent per annum, and on the 4 per cent pref. stock an equalising dividend at the rate of 3 per cent per annum, leaving £1,33l ; and on the Darlington ordinary stock at the rate of 8 per cent per annum, leaving £2,891. The results of the Met session of Parliament to the company had been entirely satisfactory, no measure prejudicially af fecting them having been passed, and all their own applica tious having been successful. The most important of thesewas the bill for the new line from York, via Selby, to the Great Northern Railway at Aekern, which would improve the east coast route between London and Scotland, and accommo date a district hitherto without railway communication. The 0 tley branch was nearly completed, and on receipt of the requisite authority from the Board of Trade would be opened for publio traffic. The Market Weight= and Beverly line would be opened in the coarse of the autumn. The Caetletme and Grommet branch would be opened before the end of the year. A provisional arrangement for a union of the Cleveland Railway with the North - Eastern Company on the basis of the former receiving a guaranteed dividend of 51 per cent, per annum on their share capital, limited to £203,700. The capital account showed that £22,487,137 had been received oa shares, £8,625,734 on loans, £193,937 on 4. per Cent. debenture stack, £61,170 on 4j per cent. de benture stook, £420,840 on 4 per cont. preferential stock, and £2,000,000 on 4f per cent. preferential stock, together £33,794,817, and £53,849,803 expended, leaving a balance against the company of £54,991. During the last month the directors of this company have reduced the firth-class passenger fares to the extent of about one-sixth below the old charges. This reduction has made very little difference between the old second-class fares (which are unaltered) and theso:of the new first-class tariff, and the result is, especially on the lines leading to the coast watering places, a very large increase in the number of first class passengers, LANCASHIRE AND YORKSHIRE, Tho report of the directors states that the amount of capital on the 30th of Juno last, on which dividend or in terest was paid out of revenue, exolasive of leased lines, was as f0110w5:—£i2,093,594 consolidated stock, £3,089,119 guaranteed and preference stock, £1,648,337 loans, and 5197,008 paid in advance of calls—total, £20,028,058. Tho expenditure charged to capital for the past half -y ear amounted to £153,723, including £86,733 on new lines. The trail() receipts during the past half-year amounted to £' 9 66,057, against £863,550 for the corresponding half of 1863, showing an increase of £122,507. The expenditure amounted to £404,373, 'against £374,728, showing an in crease of £29,645. The balance of revenue applicable to dividend on the ordinary stook of the company wa.£368,128, out of which the directors recommend the proprietors to declare a dividend at the rate of 5f per cent, per annum, lees income tax, leaving a balance of £20,437. The large increase in the company's revenue, amounting to £122,507 for the half-year, was a source of great satisfaction to the directors, bearing in mind the fact that many of the mills and manufactories in the cotton district were still only partially employed. The estimate of the probable amount which would be required during the current half-year for the extension of stations, for land stations, and for rolling stock, was £150,000. BETTERING,THRAPSTON,AND HUNTINGDON. Yesterday the half-yearly meeting of this company was held at the °aces, in Poet'a-cornet, Westminster ; G enera l Arbuthnot in the chair. Mr Lankester, the secretary, read the report, which stated that the greatest portion of the land required for the line had been obtained, that the contractors had advanced considerably with the construction of the works. and that nothing could exceed the admirable manner in which they had made the bridges and .other portions of the railway. The directors had no doubt that the line would be highly remunerative, as it passed close by the Woodford Ironpits, where there was abundance of iron ore of the finest qua lity, and for which there was a great demand, as well as in adjoining localities, which would bring a largo amount of mineral traffic on the line. The report was unanimously adopted, and a resolution was passed authorising the directors to borrow upon mort gage any sure not exceeding 475,000. Thanks to the chairman and directors closed the pro ceedings. 'ATRIUM COTTON.—Accounts from Smyrna of July 25 state that, since the Turkish Government has adopted the plan of distributing cotton seed gratuitously to the planters, the produce has increased considerably. In 1860 the cotton exported from Smyrna amounted to only 12,600 bales, and was estimated at £36,000. In 1863 it in creased to 60,000 bales, and the value rose in a greater pro portion. This year it is expected that the province of Ana tolia alone will produce 180,000 bales. The Turkish Go vernment has thus gained enormously by the encouragement it has given to improvement in agriculture. For example, the tithes of Magnesia, which were farmed out last year for 74,000 Turkish pounds, produced this year 127,000; those of Aidin, rented last year at 60,000, found bidders on the spot this year at 100,000 pounds ; and it is expected that the often) at Cmiatautihople will be gill higher, SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—If ever the history of the present American Civil War is fairly and fully written, the world will have reason to wonder at the annoy ances with which it vexed British subjects, and the good temper with which the British Government submitted to them. There are, probably, at this moment scores of English families who can testify to the vexations and cruelties suffered by their re lations during a temporary residence in the United States—to the deception and fraud, the violence and menace, by which they have been coaxed or bullied into involuntary service, and made to fight for a cause with which they had neither personal nor national concern. There are scores of families, too, who have tales to tell of violent and unconsti tutional arrests—of equally unconstitutional im prisonment under vague charges or more vague suspicion of disaffection to a Government to which the unoffending victims owed no allegiance. But, although the martyrs to this tyranny may be counted by hundreds, their persecutions are gene rally unknown beyond the limits of the domestic circle. Some of them, through ignorance of letters, are unable to write a statement of their grievances ; others, through ignorance of the world, are at a loss to whom they should write with a chance of obtaining redress; and no inconsiderable number of them discover that appeal and remonstrance are futile, unless they possess the means to corrupt the satellites of power, and make the tools of tyranny the instruments of its evasion. It is probable that not many more than half of the sufferers succeed in transmitting their complaints to the English Con sulate at New York and the other Consulates in the United States. It is also probable that not more than half of those whose complaints do reach this destination obtain a place in the diplomatic corres pondence of the country. We may, therefore, assume that such cases of oppressive or vexatious treatment as figure in Parliamentary papers represent the character rather than the amount of the injury sus tained by British subjects in America during the Civil War. A typical case of this kind is presented in the papers laid before Parliament respecting the imprisonment of Mr. James M'Hugh. It is a typical case, inasmuch as it illustrates the despotic licence enjoyed by the military authorities of the , United States, and the difficulties in the way of redress successfully interposed by the insubordi nate obstinacy of venal inferiors. Mr M'Hugh seems to have been arrested and imprisoned in Fort Lafayette for some unproved disaffection to the Federal Government. Of this charge he seems to have been pronounced innocent by a Military Com mission so far back as last February. Yet he con tinued a prisoner. About the 26th of June Mr Seward answered a remonstrance which Lord Lyons had addressed to him on the case by calling in person at the Embassy and promising that Mr M'Hugh should be released immediately, On the let of July Mr M'Hugh was still a prisoner in Fort Lafayette. On the 2d of July the English Acting Consul at New York ascertained that he remained a prisoner. On the 4th of July he was released, eight days after the Secretary of State had pro mised that his liberation should be immediate. But the mode of his liberation was characterised by cir cumstances which showed the laxity that pervades American administration, and the tendency of the American authorities to conflict with one another in favour of harshness towards the helpless. The Secre• tary of State had ordered the instant and uncondi tional release of M'Hugh; but Mr Stanton; it seems, thought Mr Seward's order too liberal, for on the 3d of July Major-General Dix thus writes to the Commandant of Fort Lafayette:—" By order of the Secretary of 'War, you will immediately re lease James M'Hugh upon his taking the oath and giving his parole of honour to immediately leave the United States." Properly enuugh, M'Hugh re pudiated the conditions which, by Mr Stautou's orders, General Dix attempted to affix to his libe ration. He refused to accept his liberty on terms which were inconsistent with his status as an Eng lish subject, and with his admitted innocence of the charge originally preferred against him. Owing, however, we suspect, to the urgency of Lord Lyons's intercession, Al'llugh was the next day liberated from his confinement of seven months without any condition at all. We have called this a typical case. We suspect there are many others which bear a family likeness to it, but are more aggravated in the harshness of their features. Here we have an English subject imprisoned under military law for a period of at least seven months on a charge of which a military commission had pronounced him innocent. We have the Home Secretary of the - United States Govern ment, after seven months, promising the English ambassador that he should be released forthwith. We have the Secretary of War, the General com manding the New York district, and the Com mandant of Fort Lafayette,all combining to nullify the distinct orders of the Home Secretary, by im posing terms at once illegal and unmerited. Finally, the prisoner is released. But, we should like to know, how many cases are there resembling this case of M'Hugh's ? How many English subjects are there at this moment lingering in Fort Lafayette and other prisons of the Federal Govern ment, who are likely to linger on till death, per haps, unknown, unheard of, and unpitied ? appears to have had some pecuniary means. He uses the telegraph. He writes to the Acting Con sul at New York. His telegrams and his letters I reach the hands of those for whom they are in- 1 tended. Now, the notorious venality of the func tionaries who clutch the wages of this American Imperialism renders it very improbable that the hands through which his letters and messages passed were not lubricated by currency notes. I3ut now many poor wretches may there be who, for an incautious word, on a groundless suspicion, for a refusal to enlist in a foreign army, or for any pre■ text whatever, pine on in a dismal gaol, without the faintest prospect of being able to communicate with the external world P Worse than this, how many men are there who, having been dragged into enlistment, and having scratched a few lines to the nearest English Consul, have, on the faith of official intervention, ventured to escape from the hated service, and only found out that their poor petition had miscarried when they heard the sen tence of death pronounced for their desertion P We do not wish to throw unmixed blame on the Government of the United States for these things. Like other Governments, it has had servants, and its bad servants are in equal degrees cruel and corrupt. No one would accuse Mr. Seward or the President of a deliberate wish to annoy, oppress, deceive, trepan, and enlist nnoffending English sub jects residing in the United States. In this very instance of which we are speaking, Mr. Seward appears to have met Lord Lyons' application with friendly promptitude. Yr. Stanton's interpolation, too, may perhaps be attributable rather to spite against his own colleague than to malignity against English or the English Minister. And we must admit, ton, that the institutions of the United States do not favour an over-courteous demeanour towards foreign Governments ; while the intensity of the passions excited by the present desperate strife in fuses a venomous malignity into the zeal of the lowest class of partisans. But while we wish to make every reasonable excuse for the precipitation of patriotic passion, for the imperfection of institu tions framed rather to suit a theory than to work practically, and while we admit readily exceptional instances of considerateness and good feeling, we cannot forget that, during this unhappy war, there has accumulated a series of grievances on the part of English subjects, of which our Government will hereafter be bound to remind the Government of the United States. POST.—Stretched on the rack, Denmark has yielded. She hos succumbed to a force she had no means of withstanding. She has surrendered when further resistance was impossible. She submitted to a pressure she could not resist. She has laid down her arms, and given up a good half of her kingdom, to save her life. She has accepted the terms of peace that have been dictated to her, and has subscribed the preliminaries under constraint. We will not speculate on the legality of an engage. ment signed, as it were, with her own blood, but that the signature completes the protest she had already recorded is indisputable. When, however, we are asked to see in all this a satisfactory result— when wo are requested to rejoice at the termination of hostilities on such conditions—we must say that, so far from being matter for congratulation the conclusion is one calculated to produce, not only sorrow and shame, but apprehension and dismay. It has invalidated the title-deeds of Europe; it has set aside moral right ; and it has propounded a principle which the conscience of the civilised world condemns. Those who look with a cynical eye on human feeling, and those who cannot, or will not, perceive that these miserable expedients, and this hand-to-mouth policy, do bat postpone for a little time the catastrophe they tend eventually to aggravate, may make light o f the sufferings of a defeated nation; that is their own affair; but it is not within their province to profess to explain the sentiments which are entertained by the people of this country. Nor is there, as has been pharisai cally pretended, the slightest ground for supposing that Prussia and Austri a h ave b een prevente d from grasping at more than they have actually laid their fiends upon by what i s ca ll e d the " moral i n fluence" of Europe. If these Powers have been advised to moderate their demands, the advice has been con veyed in languag e which clearl i nt i ma ted a decided intention to enfo rce compl ianciefted it has emanated y from a Govern ment wn i ch i s k now n to keep i ts word. The Au s t r i an Mi n i ster ma y have beenin vited to consider certain eventualities, and Count Bismarck, th oug h h e assume d t h e air of a dictator at Vienna, was not in a position to gaarantee the posses ion of Veuotia. But if the ruck Wigi, tt, quote cowl" the words of Lord Bur:eigh, used " as cha ritabl y as such a thing can be," it was because pol ic y stilled discretion, and not through the exerciee o any " moral influence, 'which would have been en tirely thrown away. It is indeed just possible that the King of Prussia saw the necessity of imposing some restraint upon his haughty Minister. Even _ Charles V. forbade the destruction of the tomb of Luther. Be this, however, as it may, the questi on for European reflection is not so much the terms o f the transaction as its character. It is not primarily that Prussia has dismembered Denmark, but that the ratification of her aggression by treaty establishes a dangerous precedent. The securities for the peace of Europe have been signed away in the Confer ence at Vienna, and the confidence which has sub sisted between the Pewee's is virtually at an end. Instead, therefore, of experiencing any feeling approximating even to satisfaction, we must view the arrangement which has been determined upon with considerable anxiety. It is based upon ft prin. ciplo which can hardly fail to lead to a general ware The theory of nationality, as it is now explained. means, if it means aeything, that a political unity_ constituting a State should include all who are of. the same race, who speak the same language, and who have the same national character ; and that peop:es who live under a Government not of their race are to be regarded as the victims of intohe•abie oppression. Now, no country, not even France , bas ever realised this condition, and England undoubt edly has under her sway the largest number of su b ' jest races who are aliens by birth and languag e .' We have a confusion of tongues, every form of re ll " gion is professed amongst us, and there is no cone° mon law for the whole population. Then there is Austria, made up of foreign dependencies. Italians, Hungarians, Poles, and Croats, her soldiers for the most part understand no more of the German la n ; guage than is comprised in the words of comman d ; and the rank she holds has been assigned to her not. as a German but as a European Power. Court Bismarck, too, ought to pay assiduous worship to Nemesis; for Prussia has. on this principle, an of count to settle in Posen, if not on the Rhine. ‘-" course it will be said that any attempt to carry out doctrines so subversive of all government would b e instantly resisted. But by whom They have been carried out in Denmark, and Europe has watched the operation with philosophical equanimity. Wh e t !' however, if France or Russia w ere t o un d e rtake to e same m ission P Russia did. in fact, set np a cane ° claim in appearing as the champion of what she de scribed as the rights ab antiquo of tho Christians in Turkey; but then England and France Mal e ': tained the dominion of the Porte, and sPee'; their blood and treasure to uphold the law' ) ; Europe. At present that law has been violet':" with impunity, and an act of lawless ag gresei•e n is about to be consummated in a treaty' which will, 'we apprehend, be formally come r ug nicated to, and acquiesced in by, all the Powe There is certainly one consolation. Austria an d Prussia will assuredly be the first to suffer under the new order of things they have inaugurated. 1 : 1 , 1 . 6 measure they have meted out to D en mark will be brought home to them with interest. They hal ° . sown the storm and they will h ave to reap tP" whirlwind. It does not require any extraordinary' prescience to see what the end will be as far as tb e i i d are concerned. A resuscitated Holy Alliance Wee' f be blown down like a card house before the gust Italian, Polish, and Hungarian nationality. S t ;' their suicide can be a very serious and costly to ter for Europe. The immediate effect of the ever: they have been allowed to accomplish is that all t he Powers must hold themselves in a state of prepare h ": ness for war ; while, as for the future, as far as t't eye can reach, everything appears to be converginb towards the great arbitrament which the commit' . sion and the sufferance of wrong have rendered il l " eviteble. COUNTRY BIAB,RETB. NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE—Tuzsmr. The weather keeps very fine and warm in the nerthenor thern district, and the corn harvest promises to be much ea rlier than it was supposed a month or so eg o would be the C Bs , th This morning grain of all kinds only in moderate suPI3:Y.: and prices ruled at about the same as on Saturday, the oe mend for oats being better. Averages—Wheat, 43s 2d—barley, 30s Od—oats, 1911 Od—beaus, 35a 6d. HULL—TUESDAY. At our market to-day there was a very large stIPPIY °I English wheat, which met a slow sale at Is reductiol ea last week's prices. In foreign there was not mu.ll doing, holders refusing to accept less money. Grinding 13 ' 1.4 met o retail sale at is per qr decline. Oats were scarce, at unaltered rates. Beans a dull sale. Peas 1115° ' dilll at former rates. LYNN-! At to•day's market the au' and trade slow at a decline of ency. Spring corn firm. W hite wheat 46s to 48s itcd 42s to 44s Beans .37a to 38a I Small ..34s to 368 I Averages Wheats, 448 389 3d. .17ESDAY. • -------- )ply of wheat was me derato , lb per qr on last week's cur - Barley. .....36a to 37 0 (grinding ..26s to 2 96 Oats.. Peas —s to -e Id—barley, 25a 7d—beam, MARKET HARBOROUGH—TUESDAY. White wheat, 44s to 495; red, 40s to 45s per 36 ston Malting barley a t 26 s t o 32 s p er qr.; gr i n di ng , 26s to P s per 30 6t. Oats, o ld, 25 s t o 26 5; new , lb d to 23s per st. ; beans, as to 43s per qr. DUBLIN—TLEsDAY. Attendance very thin. The business in grain only in retail, Without alter a ti on i n p r i ces . Fl our i s getting rau' scarce, but there is no advance in price. a. d. e. cl. Wheat, white 24 0 to 26 6 Do., red 2l 6 to 24 0 Do., new Barley Oats Do., black — 0 to 0 s. d. 8. d. Oatmeal lO 0 to 13 0 Beans.. . --0 to --- .), Bero -0 to --- fi y Rapeseed ,—o to --- v Bakers' flour l4 0 to 20 0 Indian corn COAL M, Prloes of Coal per Ton a 1 ►RKET. the close of the market. 0. d. e. d. Buddle'a'West Hartley 17 9 Hastings Hartley l7 9 Holywell l5 0 Eden Main l7 6 Wylam l5 0 "[anticld Moor l3 6 Felling Main ...13 6 North Velton. Gas. 14 0 Walls End. iTaswell ........... 19 Hartlepool ......... .• 1 g East Hartlepool ...... 18g South Hartlepeol..• .•• 1 ' 0 K elloe.. ..... ...... v 1 8 A South ......... 18 o Reug-h Hall .......... 18 " K e ip er G range ........ 170 Hetton .. . . . . 19 Q 0 South Hett0n......... Caradoc ............. 18 0 Wharncliffe .......... 17 It, 79 ; sold, 58. Walls End. Turistall ..17 0 Hatton 17 0 Itiiidell 17 0 Ships at marker Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. A. A 11''e IS Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton.... ......' V. via Marseilles 4 .111 g,.. Brazil and Cape Ve r d s , by British packet. •P` u .s "' 29. Cape of Good Hope, A scens i on, and St. Helena Aug ' 2, China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southamptonat u g . 12. via Marseilles . • • A u g' Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southamp . .......................... 2 1... via Marseilles ...• l' A ,7,7 . 10. India (Bombay), via Southampton . P" - D . 4. via A og. • via Marseilles ....... ''' r 4. ... .Aub• 2. Portugal.... Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton .... Aug. 4 via Marseilles .......... Au* ~,.. Newfoundland ...Aug. 11 Oporto and Vigo U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.... Aug . by U.S. packet... • ~.. by Canadian packot.Aug. 0 All California. ofat`Vest Indies, C in o c l l um udi b n i g a.. Cilili• rent) I Aug. 13, Births. BINGITAIC—On the 3d inst., at 60, rortland-place, Lady Cecilia Bingham, of a son. FEILDEN.—On the 2d inst., at Mau!dale Castle, N.B•+ t he wife of Lieutenant-Colonel Pendell, 60th Rifles, of a daughter. MURRAY.—At 16, Chester-square, Mrs. Hobert burr o s , of a daughter. WriariNsoic—On the 3d inst., at 19, South Audley-stre str Grosvenor-square, Mrs. George Goodley Wilkinson, of a daughter. Marriages. CAREY—Boucn.—On the 2d inst., at St. Mary's, Wood ford, Edward, second eon of James Carey, Esq., o f 0 Hall, Wanstead, to Frances. second daughter of Jowl Bouch, Esq., of The Rookery, Woodford. WALDY—BILADSHANT. — On the 2d inst. , at Christ Chu rch? Paddington. Captain Alfred H. Waidy, 46th Itogime l ' t ' to Georgians, eldest daughter of the late W. Bradshaw, Esq., of Homerton, Middlesex. Deaths. lIEWLETT.—On the 2d inst., at 74, Baker-street, Portnital' square, Mr. Richard Hewlett, aged 46. H u anus.—On the 2d in s t., a t Kiugston-on-Thamoth fir. John Hallett Hughes. JUNKYNS —On the 2d inst,, at 1, South-parade, TrafolgarrS square, S.W., Jane Elizabeth Maria, w id o w of EP" - u. W. Jenkyns, Es q ., o f t h e S toc k Exchange, aged D cie, LAURIE.—On the 2d inst,, John Laurie, E.g ., 18' HS park-terrace, aged 67. of LING.—On the 2d inst., suddenly, James, eldes t son James Lang, Eat Lodge, Blackheath, age d 44. wle of Ll v - o i c e. se.—AdOairtahieLlystoninss, aged t., 7 at 15V.orthing, Carol i ne, 1 Chas. TROWER.—On th e I st i ns t.. at Wokingham, Colonel Thomas Teower, late o f 1031 Royal Bombay' Egs"o aged 42. iar, London : Printed and Pr bashed by WILL lA 3I ANDII 2 of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tun S UN °Mee Strand, .0 the Proomot Of the !Savoy , .n ttie CcAlu t Y v hiLIiNCeX,--Thwaday, August Utit. ,171:18'