The Sun. — London, England, 1809-07-19 00:00:00

not Leif) suspediug them of some little insincerity; and should think it our duty to attempt an exposure of their fallacies, if this had not been•already done, in one of the ablest essays of a most popular and very modern publication. We allude to the ninth article in the-twentieth number of the Edinburgh ; a work, from many parts of which no feelings of competition could justify us in withholding cur un qualified applause. " But as it may be of use to shew that the argu ments of our present reformers do not possess, ire any great degree, the merit of novelty, we will ven ture to recall to the recollection of our readers a few short passages from a tra& on this subject, written many ;ears ago by the late Soame Jenyns. He ob serves that the kind of parliament wished for by our political donors is one in which the members shall be always ready to support the measures of mini sters when right, anu to resit them when wrong, unawzd, and uninfluenced, and guided only by the dictates of their own judgment and conscience. This indeed is what every wise man would. desire, but no wise man will expect to see; as uo such as sern'oly, if numerous, ever existed in this or in any ci u.,try, from the beginning of the world to the • preaent hour; and never can, unless mankind were melted down, and run into a new mould. As they are new formed, there moat be iu every numerous assembly; some who have no judgment, and others who have no conscience, and some who have neither : take away sellititerest, and all these will have no star to steer by, but must sail without a compass, just as the gales of favour or resentment of popular absur dity or of their own,' shall direct them. A minister therefore must be possessed of some attraetive influ ence, to enable him to draw together these discord ant particles, • and unite shem in a firm and solid majority, without which he can pursue no measures of public utility with steadiness or success: An in dapeodent House of Commons is no part of the En glish Constitution, the excellence of which consists in being composed of three powers mutually dependent oft each other. Qf these, if any one was to become independent of the other two, it muse engross the whole power to itself, and the form of our govern ment would be immediately changed. This e an in dependent House of Commons adually performed in the last century ; they murdered the king, annihilated the peers, and established the worst kind of demo cracy that ever existed ; and the same contusiod would infallibly be repeated, should we ever be so unforiunate as to see another.—Parliaments are sel dom, very seldom bribed to injure their country, be cause it is seldom the interest of ministers to injure it ; but the great source of corruption is, that they will not serve it for nothing. Men get into parlia ment in - pursuit of power, honours, and prefer mer ts ; and, until they obtain them, determine to obit uct all business, and to distress government hut, happily for their country, they are no sooner gratified, than they are equally zealous to prorriote the one and support the other. Upon (he whole, we have too much orators, too such liberty, too much debt, and too many taxer; but then we have plenty, we have security to our persons and proper ties, and ,excellent laws, justly, though not very cheaply administered : we have a parliament not worse, and a king a great deal better than we de serve; and iheraure I shall conclude," &c.—(Works, vol. 2, p. 235.) We cannot, however, conclude without noticing , a noverand ingeni.ous project of reform, which has, Most unexprctedly, originated in Parliament itself, at the suggestion of a Member who is also, we be lieve, a Member of the Board of Agriculture, and author of many valuable improvements in the art of steaming potatoes. The advantages of this project, in an agricultural point of view, will, we belieae, be very great ; because it will efieCtually exclude from. Pat liament, and consequently from any concern in political affairs, all classes of men excepting the truly useful class of landholders. If such men as Pitt, Fox, and Burke, who, havii,g no triants to represent,- could have no real business in the House of Com mons, had been employed, as they certainly might have been, and as the honourable author of this ,pro jeca ha, been, in devising articles of salutary food for cattle, or in composing Chemico-Georgical Es sAyi, Great Britain' ;night probably have derived many solid cad permanent benefits from their abi- Irte.s. It seem that talents and genius ought, in coention censistere y, to be confined to the learned professions, or to mathematical or physical science; that the impoi tint business of legislation should be left to those who being qualified, as Justices of the. Peace, to execute laws, will best understandhow to make them ; and that the public purse cannot be more propel ly entrusted than to persons of whom, as Mr. Spence has proved, in his pamphlet, it is the peculiar privilege, and even the paramount duty, to circulate money through its proper channels. It is also clear that, from such an arrangement, we may ••• anticipate the removal of all those evils which we have already enumerated. We have, at present too much ora , ory ; hut we may expect that, in our fu ture senates, the temperate rhetoric of a few spcakets will only be employed to explain those motives of assent or dissent, w hick might be lett in obscurity by the ,dignified tacitnrnity of the' greater slumber. We have too 'meets liberty; but we may hope to see more serious obstacles to poaching, and a more .igorous execution of the game laws, from those who best know the value of such enactments. We have too much debt, and too many taxes ; but remedy will doubtless be found by a set of legi slam, s who will .divest themselves of that extreme lenity towards the public creditors, and of that par tial attachment to the monied interest which have nosircilitetr predecessor.;. It would perhapg be an imprwement to the plan, if the election of members in the towns which, as we snepe6t, would generally, on the new system, devolve on the wealthiest inhabitants, • viz. the attor ney or apothecary were by law insured to the nearest !and-holder. With ths precatition, the most delight e s s e i u ny might be expected to -subsist between tilt.- Pet liament and the ctown ; because th e influ ence m the Peers and of the great Commoners and eose.o. o s close boroughs, s hen aided by that ot Government, and no longer thwarted by th e b ane f u l eempeth ton of private at eleaions, weeld, to a great aaaree, I,revem the intrusion of refractory members. We will no attempt to explain, any further, the varions merits of a plan, of which tlw. characteristic distinetion i§ that it lends to prove, to the con% ica tiou et all inatikind, the omnipotence of the 3ritish le a ealatere, by decreeing, under the pains and pe rii;•%t eer jlt r that money shall henceforth lose ( its efficacy; that corruption and all the vices conse quent on the gradual increase of natural opulence shall cease and determine; and that patriotism and wisdom, together with all the advantages of office or emolument to which such qualities are entitled, shall be exclusively possessed by the principal land-pro prietors of the united kingdom. MAILS.— ARRIVED-2 Waterford. DoF.—aGottenburgh, I Malta, Lisbon, 2 Waterford. PRICE OF STOCKS THIS DAY AT THriLVS. O'CLOCX. Consols - - ,691 I (Minium - pr. THE SUN. 110Lakt QUI& DICIP.RIFSLaUM AUDZATI L 0 ND 0 N, WEDNESD&Y, JULY 19, Isog. WE have received Paris Papers to the 13th inst. They contain the 24th Bulletin of the French Army. Tlaisßulletin is dated Vienna, July 3, and coin- rnences by reciting some trifling advantages gained by the French General BROUS . SIER; in the neigh- bourhood of Gratz. The Duke D'A•UERSTADT took possession, on the 30th of June, of a small island near to Pcesburgh. All the bridges over the Da nube, near to Presburgh, are stated to beguile per fe.a. The Austrian Army is said to be at Ezendorf and at Gros Aspern, and is covered by redoubts. The Bulletin observes, that the French may now pass the Danube, and that the fate of the Austrian Army will be decided in one battle. PrinceGAGARIN, Aid-de-Camp General to the Elm- peror of : Russia, arrived on the ad at BUONAFARTE'S head-quarters, and brought intelligence of the march of the Russian Army into Gallicia. BUONAPARTE has quitted Schoenbruun, and has encamped for the last few days." These Papers contain no intelligence from 'the Danube of a later date than the Bulletin, but there is a vague report' that the French have passed the Danube. We have this day given Extracts from Spanish Papers to the 20th ult. They :confirm the account of the retreat of VICTOR towards the interior of Spain. It appears by .a Letter-from Gen. CUESTA to the Supreme Junta, da►ted the 18t,,, th.a the French evacuated Truxill9 on the -16 J, Ult. with such precipitation, that they left behind them a con siderable part of their magazines. The advanc e of the British troops under Sir ARTIVJE \VELLEsLEy is also mentioned in these Papers. There can be no doubt that JOSEPH BUONAPARTE has once more left Madrid, though the accounts vary as to the route he lias taken. According to the French► state ment, when he left Madrid, he weal to Toledo, to put himself at the head of his troops, for the purpose of chastising the rebels. Another account,states th a t he had retired to St. Ildefenso, after taking care to secure the valuables belonging to the Royal Palaces at the capi:al. The latter account we have no doubt is correct. The French armies are evidently retreating, and poor JOSEPH'S military skill, would. not enable them to make a stand against the united British' and Spanish army ! We have little .doubt that we shall soon hear of his arrival at Burgos. It appears that the gallant General BLAKE ;sustained -some reverses - on the 17th and 18th ult. in two en gagements with the French troops uudet SUCHET; but hi all probability the French General has very timch over-rated his success. . , We have some reason to think that the Expedi tion will not sail before Friday or Saturday. ,We hal.o ;;, yen, in anoth6r part of the Paper, som.‘2. inte resting Information upon the subject of the Expe dition. It was yesterday reported that there had been a tiring on the French Coast, from which it was in-' ferred that the French had obtained a vi'dory; but we are h3ppy to find that our Dover .Letter is silent upon the subject. A letter received in Glasgow from Jamaica, dated ad June, says " An expedition. of 1400 men mils to morrow inoniing, under the command of our Lieut. Governor, for the reduction of' St. Domingo : it is thought it will not hold out long." Upwards of tip-tnen of the corps of gunner-drivers, and too horses, tell FJti l last week to Woolwich. We understand they are to form a part of one of the expeditions now fitting out. One of the private letters from LiSb6tl contains the folio tug advice rela!ive to South America " I.4sßoty, JUNE 29.—With great pleasure I in form you that your Uncle and the rest of the CAA do of Buea s os Ayres, who were sent banished by I.A NIELIS to l'atagonicas, have been released by the Governor of Monte' Video, Senor Et.to, who dis patched the sloop of-'war the Diomante upon that service, which succeed.:.ri in ,c,ipturing the vessel they ‘A ere going in, and cat ried her iinoMonte. Video, to the great joy of the itti,abitati . ts, where they were received in the most friendly manner, and a general xejoicing took place in thy 87r1:i 'NAVAL NEWS. PLYMOUTH, JULY 17.—Carne-down the harbour, and anchored in the Sound, his Majesty's ship For-, tunie, of 36 guns, Captain VANiITTART, and is expeaed to sail to-morrow for Portsmouth, to join the grand Expedition fitting out there. Passed' by this port, to the Eastward, a fleet of vessels, under convoy of a frigate. Arrived, the Ranger, revenue cutter, from a cruize, and the American brig Harmony, BLOAM, from Boston, bound to Bilboa, laden with fish and oil, detained by his Majesy's ship Amelia. Sailed, his Majesty's schooners Pilchard and Whi ting, to the Westward; his Majesty's brig Encoun ter,' to the Eastward ; and the Orestes, sloop of war, on a cruize to the Westward. Arrived, the Eleanor and Catherine, RICHARDS, f rom Lianelly ; Ann, VITTERY; from Neath ; lied ley, DIXON, from Newcastle; and May Flower, WILLIAMS, from Swansea. Also arrived, and sailed again, his Majesty's 514 Swallow, of I 8 guns, Cap tain MILNER. DOVER, JULY 18.—The American ship Flora is arrived off here - from Holland, our crnizers not per; .mitting her to enter a Dutch port. DEAL, JULY 18.—Arrived the . Every, HARRIS, from Curacoa. PORTSMOUTH, JULY 18.—Arrived his Majesty's ships Tyrian and Tisiplione from the. Downs. Sailed his Majesty's ship Unicorn for the Downs. The Monarch has made signal for the Expedition to get ready for sea, and it is expected they will sail this,evening or to-morrow. SHEERNESS, JULY 17. Arrived' his Majesty's sloop Clio. Sailed the Centinel with flat-bottomed boats for the , Downs. JULY 1 B.—Sailed the Reynard with flat-bottomed boats for the Downs. The Expedition will sail this evening, or to-mor row.morning. All the ships have the signal flying for all persons to rei:air on board, Arrived his Majesty's :ships Bermuda from off Flushing, and Starling from the North Sea. THE EXPEDITIO,V. ARRANGEMENTS ADAPTED TO,EXTENSIVE EMBARKA TIONS OF TROOPS IN HIS MAJESTY'S SHIP 3 Oft TRANSPORTS, PRINCIPALLY APPLICAVLA TO TRAM. PuRTS. As the army is classed in brigades, the ships on board of which it is to be embarked should be classed itb divisions equal to the accommodation of the brigades ; but no precise rule can be laid for this arrangement, as the regiments vary considera bly in their strength, and ships of the same class, in some degree, in their capacity of stowing; but this should be cerreCled by the addition l ot a frigate , or sloop, as the, embarkation of men of different reg iments on board the same ship ought to be avoided as much as possible. Whenever it is of consequence that the Brigades should be landed in perfeil order, and in cornplete equipment for immediate alien, the Brigades of Field Artillery should be embarked with the Brigades of the army, but it will not be necessary to carry any tumbrils or ammunition waggons in the men of war, as each gun (one of which only will be on board each ship) carries forty rounds. By taking the lower deck guns ,out of the men of war, and making other suitable - arrangements, a greater proportion of troops can be embarked ; and as it may be advisable, when the service does not extend beyond, the coast of Spain and Portugal, to carry a sufficient number of horses fur the Brigades of Artillery, as well as the staff and .regimental horses, there will then •be more room to stow the harness .and appointments requisite upon suchocca- sions. There are many advantages in carrying the horse s on the deck, as there .wid be no occasion to take out the upper tier of water; the horses will be airy and healthy, .and less risk and danger in hoisting them in and out, besides avoiding the dirt which they will . make in the hold, and which m,iy oblige the ship to be unstowed to clear it. The greatest care must be taken of the arms, ammunition, and appointments of ,the troops, that they may always be in pale& order for action. The signals and arrangements are principally' made for the coiici6l and regulation of the transports, but they are to be considered in all cases as applying to\ the men of war also, particularly when addressed to them by their pendants. It is of great consequence that the divisions of transports should be dlaced under ►he direaton of some men of war, suppose two fri gates rand a sloop to each division, the senior taking alt the responsibility of his' division. The Masters of the musports . are most positively ordered to study the signals and arra,nv4nents from the: moment they are put io posses,; ate at them, and if there is av part of them which tt,e.; do, not per feilly understand, they are immediately to gpp:y 1c the Captains of the me❑ of war of their division for an explanation of them ; as the lives of many indi viduals may be sacrificed, and even the success of the Expedition become questionable, by any mis conception or tardy 'execution' Of ahem in sight of the enemy. SIGNALS, EXPRESSING BRIGADES AND REGI. M ENTS. As it may be found necessary to disembark the army by brigades or regiments in different places, the following brigade or divisional flags are meant to express the brigades or regiments to which any sig nal may be applied, either for disembarking, or al tering their position ; and the pl,ice to which any brigade or regiment is to be moved will be notified by the rendezvdus flag, and the number of the place, according to the annexed rirrangements, under the bead of rendezvous. With a view of giving facility to such communi cations as may be necessary through .unsuspe6ted circumstances, the Generil Officers will .be fur nished with telegraph books; and whenever a tele graph message is conveyed from the Commander in Chief to them, the transports composing the Bri gade of that General are to ,pass within h til of the senior Officer of the Division (where the Ge+ neral of the Brigade ought to •be embarked), if the division is under weigh, or to send'a boat imme diately, if she is at anchor, to receive such orders as are intended by the telegraph rriessage. If it should be necessary to reinforce either the division of mein of war with troops, or the division of transpoits, the ship or ships' pendants intended to be added to the diviiion, will be exhibited with the divisiur.al flag. The Senior Officer, after the rein forcement is made, will of course take the command of the whole diviiion or divisions. (Here folluws a list of the brigades, and the dif ferent flags by which each is to be distinguished...-. The brigades are 14 in numbtrl The different .places where it is probable the Regiments or Brigades may disembark, will be uwed in numerical_order, and the place described as nearly as possible ; but when a signal is made for a rendezvous which cannot be particularly de scribed, a ship will be sent to lie there, and she will hoist the number of the rendezvous with the ren dezvous flag. When it is only intended to make a demonstra. tion or design to disembark at or near any parti cular rendezvous, the number of that ,place will. be made with a - hoisted under the flacr, when the division to which it is addressed is to proceed opposite the rendezvous, making every preparatiou for landing, keeping under weigh at the same time, unless otherwise directed by signal, and taking special care - not to approach too near the batteries. (An army code et signals accompanies these ar rangements, together with directions under the head of disembarkation in boats.) Letter from an Officer on board his Nlajesty's. Ship Herald,. Captain HONEY, cruezing in the Me diterranean : • ge Off Barcelona, May 29. " The Spanish Generals or Commanders on this coast have frequently proposed to our Commodore, (Captain TAYLOR, Of the Apollo), that if he would attack the batteries, they would immediately Corn faience an attack by land. Accordingly every ar rangement was made to attack them at two o'clock in the morning of the 17th, at which time we got under weigh, accompanied by the Afinstrel, Capt. LIOLLINGWORTII, the Apollo, and a Spanish Fri gate. " Within half an hour we were within range of the shot from their batteries, and began firing On their forts, which the enemy returned in a very ac tive manner. Our commencement was to be the signal for the Spaniards to advance ; but after, lammering away for near two hours, in which time we silenced their forts, our Allies did not offer to advance'; and it then approaching fast towards daybreak, ith light airs, we deemed it prudent to hawl off, fearing we mi:,iht otherwise drift under Mount Joy, where there is a tort that would sink us in five minutes, and so high as to preclude us trom'bringing a single gun to bear upon it ; however, we got uff clear, and with a loss on, board all the ships not exceeding ten in killed and wounded. On board uur ship,•there were only two slightly wounded. " We kilted a great number of the French ; and I fear some of the poor inhabitants aho suffered, as a number of houses near the forts were perceived the morning to be destroyed. " In the course of a day or two we are to pro ceed to i.track - a town near Itoias 13,1 y, at present oc cupied by mbout. (.)0 French (loops as an advanced guard troll) Rosas." Part of the Officers, aid - most or the crew of the Greyhound Fri,;ate, lost near Maw]la, came home in the culloden, of 74 guns, which arrived at Ply thouth last Monday; the whole of the crew were saved. is reported, that two Officers of rank have beer sent bUtne by Sir ARTHUR WELLESLEY. C9,ItN•EXCRAI , iGU, JULY 19.—T0-ctay there arc PP arrivals ot. Wheat, but tolerable remaining gum] , titits, the buyers 4most oecinie making purci.ases, waiting the suKlies atter the Embargo ; fine Wheat rather higher; :; alt likewise; Pease and 13:!,ans of each kind are. at a small advance ; the rewainieg supplies of Foreign Oats are comideraNe, fine s3ni p:es thereof are a tribe dearer; Flour at Llst prices line American 4t3i. IQ 5 iv. per barrel. I t