The Sun. — London, England, 1864-10-25 00:00:00

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 10h. 10m. —Afternoon, 10h. 48m. to-monatow.-Morning, 1112. 20m.—Afternoon, 11h. 50m. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY - LANE,- Managers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. THIS EVENING, a new and original Farce, by Edmund Falconer, entitled THE O'FLAHERTY 'S. Edmund Falconer; Messrs G. Belmore, Barrett. Fitzjames, &c.; Miss Hudspeth, Miss E. Falconer, Mrs. 11. Vandenhoff, &c. After which, at a quarter to Fight o'c'o,k, Shaksnere's Tragedy of OTHELLO. Mr. Phelps ; Messrs. Creswick, Walter Lacy, G. F. Neville, A Rayner, Raymond; airs. Hermann Vezin, and Miss Atkinson. Loors open at ha f-past Six —Commence at Seven. T HEATRE ROYAL, H AYMARKET. - Lessee. M. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, MADEMOISELLE DE BELLE ISLE. Messrs. Howe, Farren, Gordon, Baird, Sc. , Mesdames neatrice, Ange', &c. After which, ON THE SLY. Messrs. Buckstone, Rogers, Gordon, &c. ; 31eadames Snowdon, Fitzwilliarn, &C. And BACCHUS AND ARIADNE. To commence at, 7. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the sole management of Mr. Pechter. THIS' EVENING, THE KING'S BUTTERFLY. Fan fan, V.e King's Butterfly, Mr. P echter. Jlessrs. Byeer,lVid (Aeon-lb, h tie., INl'lutyre, Garden, Raymond, More!and, C C o ll e tt ; Misses Carlot a Lezlercq, M. llenrade, E. Lavenue, and B. Lavenue. The Scenery painted by Mr. William Callcott. Doors open at 7 ; commence at halt-past. The Box-office open daily from ElLvt.n till Five. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining. THIS EVENING, BORN TO GOOD LUCK. I addy O'ltafferty, Mr. Dominick Murray. After which, THE STREETS OF LONDON. Messrs. Vining, J. W. Ray, D. Fi her. D. Murray, J. Nelson, 11. Forrester. H. Mellon ; Mrs. Henry Marston, Miss Emma Barnett, and Miss Fanny Gwynne. EW THEATRE-HO Y AL, AD EL PHI.- B , lle Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. - TIIIS EVENING, THE IRISH AMBASSADOR. Sir Patrick O'Plenipo, Mr. J. Collins (with the song of "The Bold Soldier Boy"), supported by Messrs. Billington, Stuart, Stephenson, C. J. Smith, R. Romer; Mrs. Billington and Miss LlenrieAa Alter which, 2d time, a new apropos Farce, called DOING BANTING. Messrs. J. Clarke, Stephenson, It. homer; Mrs. 11. Lewis and Miss A. Seamen. To conclude with the celebrated s,rio-comic Drama, by S. Lover, 117, , q., of RORY O'MORE. Rory, Mr. John Collins, ith tee songla of "The Wi ?ow Machree," and "The Sprig of Shllelah 'rho other chara , Aers by Mr Billington, Mr Phillips, Mr Paul Bedford, Mr Stuart, Mr Stephenson, Mr C. J. Smith.; Mrs. Alfred Mellon and Miss Kate Kelly, ,tc. Commence at 7. R OYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. Manager, Mr. Benjamin Webster. EMINEN2 TALENT AND COMEDY. Those celebrated artistes, Mr. and Mrs. C. Mathews, are re engaged. THIS EVENING, and during the week, UNDER THE IZOSE. At a quarter to 8 (last four nights\ Mr. Arthur Sketchley's Comedy of HOW WILL HEY GET OUT OF IT ? To conclude with Mr. Maddison Morton's New Comedy Farce of WoOD,OCK'S LITTLE GAME. Mr. Charles Mathews, Mrs. Frank Matthews. On Saturday, 29th October, will be produced a new and or;ginal Comedy Drama, in 3 acts, entitled SYBILLA ; or, S PEP BY STEP. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manageress, Mrs. Swanborough. TIIIS EVENING, JNLIMITEO CONFIDENCE. Followed by, at Eight, MILKY WHITE. Messrs. Craven, Stoyle, James ; Mesdames Swanbor:ugh and Maude: s. After which, the great Burlesque, THE MILLER AND Ills MEN. Messrs. Fenton, James, and Thorne; Mesdames Swanborough, Simpson. Johnstone, Hughes, and Carson. • - L - . 1 ; MOSES AND SON • respectfully call attention to their large and well assorted stock of JUVENILE CLOTHING. The newest taorics are combined with the latest and most fashionable resigns, and the best workmanship. E. MOSES and SON giv, particular attention to this important branch of their business, and they can with confidence affirm that the prices an such as must satisfy the most economical. 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MOSES AND SON'S • LONDON lIOUSES, 154, 155, 15 1 157, Minorics ; 83, 81, 85, 86, 87, 88, SO, Aldgate ; 506, 507, '5OB, New Oxford--street; 1,2, 3, Hart-sire, t; 137, 138, Tottenham-court-road ; 288, Euston-road EMOSES AND SON'S • COUNTRY ESTABLISHMENT, Bridge-street, Bradford, lorkshire. EMOSES AND SON'S • Establishments are closed cve - v Friday evening at sunset until Saturday evening at sunset, when business is re sumed unlit I i o'clock. All articles are marked the lowest prices in plain figures. Any article not appr,,ved of will be exchaugcd, or the money returned. List of Prices with Rules for Self-measurement, Fashion Card, and our new pamphlet, " The Tercentenary ; or, The Three Hundredth Birthday of William Shakbpeare," gratis and post free. COALS. —The MLLES HAL L COMPANY'S COALS. Direct from their own Collieries. Marquis'. ..255. per ton. I Double 21s. per ton. Top 245. Deep Kell screened and delivered within five miles of their De pots, Westbourne Park-road, W., and 17, South Wharf, Paddington, W., and Maiden-lane, N. Best Coke Terms cash. JOHN SCOTT, Sole Agent. THE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN" Containinz the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, can be had Every Evening of G. R. GLEN Ell, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Ilyde-park. THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN" supplied, as soon as published every Evening - by Il ENEX BROOKS, Newspaper Agent, 21, Old Cavendish treet, W. gjjg LONDON, TUESDAY, OUT. 25, 1864. Mr. BERNAL OSBORNE'S speeches are always worth listening to. We all remember the " wild shriek of liberty" which he gave on being eman• cipated from the thraldom of cffice. Surely, the wrong man in the wrong place was never better exemplified than in Mr. OSBORNE, when circum scribed by the red-tapism of the Ministerial routine and compelled either to speak to order or to hold his tongue. The chief merit of his speeches con sists in their recklessness, their daring, dashing style and spirit ; and all these advantages are thrown away and lost when he cannot address an a:idler= as the spirit moves him. At Dskeard, the other day, he was inlhis glory, and the flow of hits eloquence seemed to be unrestrained and unre stricted. It was very unnecessary for him to give an assurance that he would not shirk disagreeable subjects, for he appears to delight in choosing the most ungainly and ungracious themes that ho can find, and then speaking of them in a jeering or defiant fashion. In the first place, the hon. mem ber hvgan by ridiculing Mr. GLADSTONE, who had loot, he said, given a very clear defiuition of what tht. , G4vernment ought to do. This is true enough, certainly, as also that the right hon. gentleman was put forward as the " pilot balloon" for the approaching general election. Mr. OSBORNE aptly etimparNl the dawn of last s?ssion to the atmo spheric state thscribed by Admiral FITZROY as " very dangerous winds from very opposite quar- jj e was much p b . ainst the notion of policy so domi nant that making forcign do mestic policy b2comes unLeeded and passed by. Some are in favour of thi s, it is certain, and the taunt Was not groundless which was contained in these words. " Many p er _ sons console themselves by the rkfLetion that we have lectured Germany, bombarded Japan, dtfied .ere.' the Ashantees, and bullied the Brazils!" There was a touch of Mr. OSBORNE'S sharp observation in his strictures, as to the manner in which the Govern ment uses the name of the EMPEROR of the French so as to suit their turn, and achieve the particular objects which they have in view at the time being. All this is very unnecessary, says the hon. mem ber for Liskeard, because the French Ruler has not been brought up like other Sovereigns, and has profited by past experience to learn the character and temper of the English nation. It does seem foolish that we should persist in changing all laws and customs, in some way or other, on account of this EMPEROR who knows our ways so well, and has long sojourned on our shores. At one time the laws of the land are to be altered to afford him pro tection from assasination, and at another we are to ba subjected to immense burdens to build forti• fications to be protected from him. Such things are, indeed, anomalies, and require looking into to test their accuracy and reveal their inconsistency. As for Poland, Mr. OSBORNE does not mince mat ters, he considers that the Government did very wrong in raising hopes that could not be realised; and designates their conduct in these matters as " foolish, unmeaning, and criminal swFver." In the case of America, however, he believes the Ministery have done very right. He takes a strange view of the question, however, for he be lieves that if the South succeed in being separated from the North, the "greatness of America is set for ever." Why this should be does not exactly appear, nor how it will better the aspect of affairs if the struggle goes on until, as he puts it, the North " eventually make a solitude, and call it peace." "Schleswig Holstein" Mr. OSBORNE truly designates as a puzzling question, " a ques tion which bothers people's intellects and sets the world astray." In the mazes of this labyrinth the hon. member has lost himself completely, and therefore the less he says about it the better, but of course such an opportunity must not be lost for making a display. Mr OSBORNE seems to wish to exemplify that the perusal of the papers on the question had, as he said, almost male a " lunatic of him" when he thus discourses "It should be understood that greater tyranny never existed than that to which the Germans were subjected to by the Danes, who filled their public offices with Danish people, and even prevented the German language from being spoken." These ill-used people have only to wait till a few brief sands have run to find out that they have exchanged a King LOG for a King STORK. Mr. OSBORNE started some of. his audience by averring that if the Pagan philosopher DIOGENES appeared in the Hotise of Commons to seek for a Tory party, he might possiLly succeed in discovering three Tories, and these would be Mr. NEWDEGATE, Mr. BENTINCK, and Lord PALMERSTON ! Although an opinion is prevalent that Tory is a " horned, winged, and tailed animal." Mr. OSBORNE does not see why he should not be popular. Surely plainer speaking could not be heard than we meet with in this bold and complehensive disquisition on public affairs. " I hesitate not to :declare that the Liberal party has not a flag or a leader, and that we are in the Slough of Despond," says the cynical but humorous speaker, and chafe as they may at the definition it will take a clever man to prove the contrary of what is here so strik ingly put forward. An illustration of his party is given by Mr. OSBORNE in an ornithological anecdote. An old lady once bought a parrot, which was famous for saying " The bill, the whole bill, and nothing but the bill. When purchased, however, its loquacity gave place to taciturnity, and she justly complained to the seller. lie replied, on hearing that it would not speak, no, but it's a devil to think." So Mr OSBORNE thinks that the Liberal party are like to this par rot : they talked fast enough about the sins of their adversaries when in opposition, but in office they are dumb es to the nature of their own perform ances. " Well, we got in, and we're devils to think." No bad account this of the artful dodges and low devices by which the present occupants of the Treasury Benches came to their places, and of the manner in which they have comported themselves since they have been in. In fact, this oration is replete with anecdotical illustration, and with free quent repartee and reprisal. There is no doubt we are told that Lord PALMERSTON is a tenant for life where he is, and a covenant would seem to be in the lease " without improvements." Mr. Os- BORNE has always been particularly happy in hie exemplifications of striking points in public affairs or distinguishing traits in individual characters. When the present Premier was Foreign Secretary he convulsed the House by describing him as " the sweet little cherub who sits up aloft to keep watch o'er the fate of poor JACK," and the years that have since passed do not appear to have detracted from the pungency of his sarcasm or the force of his satire. In connection with his subject he quoted from an Ode by a famous Whig equibber of last century referring to an ancestor of the present Pre mier. It certainly is exceedingly appropriate and may well pass for having been intended for the present epoch in lieu of the past one. It runs thus:-- One, stanza more, and I have done— May heaven preserve Lord PALMERSTON ! And since for life he's in, We must like other sinners stay Till death, or his, our sins shall pay • 'I he wages of our sin. We understand that great laughter greeted this quotation, which put a finishing touch to the many witticisms and sharpshootings of the evening, and enabled the hon. member to come off in flying colours. In treating of this speech it must be said, however, that Mr OSBORNE finds it easier to show up other people's faults than to declare what should or should not be done in particular cases. A dis course like this is all very well occasionally. It lights up the dark vista of the political horizon, and leads life and animation to what sometimes appears a stagnant scene and dreary waste. Men are put on their mettle when they know such skilful lim ners are on the watoh to detect their deficiencies and comment upon their discrepancies of word and action, and— A chiel's amang ye Lakin' notes, An' faith he'll prent them, may be supposed to infuse terror into the hearers. And let no false or faulty member of the Legisla ture flatter himself that he will escape the.hting of censure, or the complete exposure with which the hon. member for Liskeard continues to visit political delinquents. Certainly he holds no very flattering mirror up to observation, but his epccch is sure to be welcome everywhere, for nothing is so univer sally popular as a smart resume of events drawn with the skill of a scientific observer, and filled in with the touch of a mastorhand. There is nothing ever so dull to which Mr OSBORNE cannot impart vivacity, nor anything so tame to which he cannot infuse animation by the magic of his fancy and the tone of his illustrations, It was a very long time before those interested in the welfare of the masses could conquer the preju dice which existed in many quarters against their receiving any degree of education. It was argued that a little learning was a clangcnus thing, and that the acquisition of any amount of knowledge would make 'them turbulent and dia. fleeted, 0070,- ous of the position and the wealth of their superiors, discontented with their own lot in life, and rebellions against the laws under which they live. For many years the holders of these withstood the course of national education, and even now many sensible and well intentioned persons of the old school may be proud to cherish them. Such persons are prompt to attribute any popular outbreak, any evidence of ill feeling or discontent on the part of the lower classes to the influence of education ; and it is vain to argue that a proper degree of mental and moral training has precisely the opposite Effect. These logicians have just now found an opportunity for indulging in their favourite theories, and the strike among the colliers in South Staffordshire has been cited as a convincing example of the bad effect of education on the working classes. To such an extent has this argument been used, that it has been asserted that many of the large employers of labour in that district have recently withdrawn their subs• scriptions for educational purposes - , on the ground that the instruction they received only increased the readiness of the men to " strike.' , It is not surprising that this statement should have called forth the well-known writer " S. G. 0." to do battle on behalf of reason and knowledge. In a lengthened communication to a contemporary he examines in detail into the charges brought against the diffueion of knowledge, and answers them very fully and comprehensively. He has, of course, one powerful and conclusive argument on his side—an argument drawn from uncontrovertible facts. He refers to the exemplary conduct of the population of the cotton districts during a period of severe and pro tracted trial, and justly terms it "a great educa tional triumph." Had these hundreds of thousands of ruined men and women been, he says, such as he can remember them the state of things would have been very different. There could scarcely be a stronger argument in favour of the beneficial effect of educating the masses, for the intensity of the distress, the length of time which it lasted, and the extreme uncertainty and gloominess of the future during its darkest days, were sufficient to try the philosophy of the boldest and the most patient. It may be argued that a wise and kindly care was shown in providing for the wants of the people, and that contributions for their relief flowed in with unprecedented liberality, but at the best the sums distributed only amounted to two or three shillings per head a week, and only supplied the barest necessaries. Would uneducated, untaught men have been contented to live thus throughout the long dark days of a cold winter with little hope for better times in the spring, and to live thus, knowing that those near them were living in wealth and plenty, without lifting a finger to seize on what was not their own ? A century ago we should have had bread riots, coal riots,Cnartist out breaks on very much slighter ceuse ; and the mar vellous tranquillity of the suffering districts has testified as much to the cultivated intelligence of the English workmen as to the force and fortitude of the national character. And in truth the upper and middle classes have but little to complain of on the whole. The latter are generally more prone to censure working men than those above them, perhaps from being brought into more constant and immediate contact. They see their failings, and too hastily overlook the causes which lead to them. They are indignant at the obstinacy, folly, and improvidence often shown by the labouringclass, at their blindness to their own interest even when they are most bent on carrying it out in defiance of their masters, The employers expect to find in the mechanic or artisan a degree of prudence, modera tion, and foresight, not common among his own class, and, because he is often disappointed in the search, he sets all failings down to the excess of education. Perhaps, too, it is not only what he does not find but what ho does find that displeases him. His workmen are too quick to detect in justice, too prompt to resist oppression to please him, nd he impatiently f xsleims that too much learn ing has made them meddlesome and discontented. But a very little reflection might convince him of the fallacy of such reasoning. Men require very little teaching to find out their own interests, and the degree of acuteness and intelligence absolutely indispensable to an English workman of the present day would be quite sufficient to enable him to detect any injustice towards himself without additional training. The experience of all history proves that the lower classes have been quick to discover and to resent oppression, however low their standard of intelligence. The lower ranks of the French pea santry were certainly not very highly educated in the days before the Great Revolution, but that did not prevent them from chafing under the oppressive gabelle. In every age and country where the people have been strong enough to show their pow er, they hav e p rove d th a t t h ey k new t h e i r r i ghts itheyf they did not know h ow t o exerc i se t h em. B at education has taught them also the rights of pro • per ty ; it has restrained the wild excesses into which undisciplined strength is so apt to run ; it has given the masses that self-respect which makes them unwilling to degrade themselves, that intelligence which accepts the laws as their protection as well as that of their superiors. It is not over a body of trained and thinking men that mob orators and demagogues exercise their fatal ensnaring i n fl uence; it is not such men who are led by a word to deeds of violence and bloodshed. Our educated arti sans and mechanics are dissatisfied with their wages an d refuse to labour ; but a hundred years ago, if 20,000 men had been incensed against their employers, would this have been their only means of revenge ? It is not less education we want, but more, to render our working men amenable to reason. "Education," said Lord BROUGHAM, in a memorable passage, " makes men easy to lead but difficult to drive, easy to govern bat impossible to enslave." If we are to have unreasoning, unthink ing masses, we must have a corresponding force to meet them ; we can no longer rely on that moral power which made a disinterested gentleman able to convince a Staffordshire mob the other day of truths most unpleasant to them. It was education that so enabled them to appreciate the unwelcome facts which he laid before them as to the state of trade that the Ribston colliers resolved to resume work; it was not education that made their discons tented fellows threaten them with ill usage if they continued it. If the masters suppose that total ignorance will prevent the men from speculating as to the fluctuations of wages they are very much mistaken. It needs little knowledge to enable them to detect that the employers are much quicker to and a plea for lowering wages than for raising them; and with the sense of unfairness once excited, rightly or wrongly, the struggle begins. It is the masters' place to fix the rate of payment which he can afford to give, leaving a fair profit on his trade, but the wcnkmen has surely a right to put a value on the labour which is his capital, and in the very fact of com binations and trades-unions, there is a certain guarantee for a fair claim. But as the progress of knowledge and experience has taught cm rloyers to rely on time and expostulation to bring men to reason rather than to attempt coercion by legal penalties, so it has taught and is teach% ing men to oppose their employers by vis inerta, rather than by active force. If they are slower to learn the lesson ; if the dangerous tendency to settle alljlisputes by brute strength still shows THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 25, 1864. itself; is that a reason for abandoning all attempts at instruction and lessening the action of moral as opposed to physical force ? Men are not machines, neither are they children whom we can hope to train to unreasoning obedience; and if the acts of the masters are founded in justice and reason, •ard only dictated by the exigencies of trade, it is not increased intelligence that will make them dispute them. But sorrow teaches as well as schools, and the experience of every strike brings a painful lesson to the hearth of the work ing man. The masters have also something to learn, though from the fact alluded to above, we doubt if they are in the right way to profit by its teachings. THE THEATRES. HER MAJESTY'S. Her Majesty's Theatre last night opened a ahort winter campaign of a fortnight in London. The opera selected was " Faust," the most popular of any works of the com posers of the day. Gardoni was substituted for Giuglini, as Faust. Santley, however, the best of Valentines, was there, and Tietjens, the unapproaclied, sang Margherita. The quaint Norse ballad was perfect, and the despairing declamation after her fall, and the prayer when beset by the foul fiend in the cathedral, were marvels of power and pathos. Mdlle. Grossi, who played Siebel, has a pleasing and rich contralto, and earned an encore in " Parlatele d'amor." Signor Bossi, as Mephistopheles, sang the mocking serenade, "Catarina," with grotesque humour. The chorus of old men in the kermess scene was encored, ac cording to the precedent in that case made and provided. This, and the grand chorus and march, "Gloria immor tale," went splendidly. The brief season will, we hope, turn out a success. DRURY-LANE. Mr Falconer has made some important alterations in hi new farce, " The O'Fiahertys," since its production a week ago. Be has judiciously curtailed the dialogue to such an extent that the performance of the piece now occupies half an hour less than on the first night, and the result of this is decidedly advantageous. Mr E. Falconer plays the hero, Thaddeus O'Flaherty, with quiet humour and an unex ceptionable brogue, and he is efficiently supported by Mrs H. Vundenhoff, Miss Hudspeth, Mr G. Belmore, and Mr Fitzjames. The admirable performance of " Cymbeline" at this house still continues to attract crowded audiences, but those who wish to see this fine play upon the stage, where it too rarely appears, and to enjoy a rich intellectual treat in witnessing the exquisite impersonation of Imogen by Miss Helen Fuucit, have no time to lose. " Cymbe line" will be played for the last time next Monday, its withdrawal then being necessitated by the impending re vival of "Macbeth," with rich and elaborate scenic and decorative accessories and imposing spectacular effects, which is to be ono of the great features of the present season. HAY MARKET. A new farcel i by Mr Morton, called "On the Sly," was produced here last night, with Mr Buckstone in the chief character. The humour of this trifle is light,butMrßuckstone contrives to make one of those humorous realities out of his materials which never fail to amuse the most critical, The idea is to exhibit a rather henpecked husband who is not altogether faultless himself tortured by unfounded jealousy of a certain major. Mr Buckstone's jealousy is not of that agonising kind which the imitators of the late Mr Robson have made unendurable on the stage, but it is thoroughly Buckstonian, original, and diverting. The dialogue is full of Mr Morton's old quibbles, and upon these the fun of the farce chiefly depends. Mr Buckstone was well supported by Miss Snowdon, Mrs E. Fitzwilliam, Mr Rogers, mid Mr W. Gordon ; and " On the Sly" may be said to be success ful. The "Stranger" will be revived at this house on Thursday next, with Mdllo Beatrice as Mrs Haller. ADELPHI. A trifle, apropos of the Banting system, entitlei "Doing Ihnting," was produced here last night, Mr J. Clarke per forming the p trt of a professor of the system, not fur the purpose of reducing his bulk, but with the hope of getting something to oat. He gets into the house of Alderman Podge (Mr Stephenson), and undertakes to reduce him and his wife (Mrs H. Lewis) to healthy proportions; and ho exercises his power so as to deprive his patients of every thing, whilst he feeds and drinks to repletion. This kind of stage humour is bettor understood in the seeing than in relation ; and Mr Clarke, who was admirably got up as a starveling adventurer, made so much of the situation that the audience laughed incessantly at his gaucheries, The production fully answers its end—that of producing some half hour's continuous laughter. SURREY. A new sensational drama, in three actg, entitled , " The Orange Girl," was produced at this theatre last evening with great success. The plot turns upon the persecution a poor but honest engraver is compelled to undergo, for re fusing to complete a plate for the production of forged notes. The acting throughout by Miss Pauncefort, Miss Jenny Willmoro, Mr. Anderson, and Mr. Shepherd, and the other performers engaged in the piece, was all that could be desired. They were called for at the close of each act, and were also specially honoured by being called before the cur tain at the termination of the drama. The scenery was exceedingly good, especially the Loganstono and Frozen Pool in the Druid Valley of Dean Burn, the Exterior of the Guildhall in the city of Exeter, and the Convict Settle ment in the Isle of Portland—the artists being Mr. Wil liam and Mr. Albert Callcntt, The drama was given out by Mr. Shepherd for repetition every night this week. The house was crowded in every part. The Franco-Italian Convention, TURIN, OCt. 24. The Chamber of D:puties was reopened today under the presidency of Signor Cassinis. A very large number of deputies were present, including the members of the old Ministry. The new Ministry w ere in their places. The town is perfectly quiet, and the military were not called out. Oct. 24 (Evening). In the Chamber of Deputies Signor La Marmora laid on the table the Franco-Italian Convention and the diplomatic correspondence connected therewith. Signor Lanza brought forward a bill for thetrans. fer of the capital to Florence, and requested that it might be declared urgent. Several bills were introduced by different members requesting an inquiry into the late events at Turin. An investigation was agreed to, and a committee of nine members appointed for the purpose. The bill for the transfer of the capital to Florenc3 fixes the necessary credit at seven million lire. The Ministry made a statement to,day in the Chamber of Deputies relative to the Franco-Italian Convention. They presented the Convention to the Chambers, not only believing its sanction to be hence. forth a political necessity, but being convinced that its benefits are greatly superior to its inconveniences The Ministerial declaration acknowledges the grave sacrifices involved in the transfer cf the capital; bat as the result of this measure will be the removal of foreign troops from Italian soil, and the preparation of a satisfactory solution of the Roman question, it is in the name of the national dignity, independence, and unity that these sacri 4 fives are call e d f or: The diplomatic documents communicated to the Chamber are the Convention and the protocols of the 15th September and 30th October, two notes from Signor Visconti-Venosa to the Chevalier di Nigro, a note from the latter to the former, and the declaration of th e l a t e Mi n i s try to the King. The note of Ch eva li er di Ni gra to Signor Vise conti-Venosta, laid upon the table of the Chamber of Deputies to-day, relates the history of the ne gotiations upon the Franco-Italian Convention. He states that, the French Government demanded in addition to a promise not to attack Pontifical ter ritory, some real guarantee, in order to inspire the Pope with confidence in the Catholic sentiment of the Ring of Italy. The Italian negotiators had formal instrnetion3 to reject all conditions contrary to the right :of the nation. The Marquis Pepoli informed the. Emperor Napoleon that th e I ta li an G o vernment from etra tegio, political, and administrative reasons , was occupied with the q ues ti on o f removing the seat of Government from Turin. The Emperor replied that this resolution would remove many d;fficulties. Chevalier di Nigra further states that in the negotiations it has been well understood that the Convention should not and cannot signify neither more nor loss than what it states—namely—that Italy undertakes to renounce all violent measures. A DISTINGUISHED SOUTH AMERICAN.—GeneraI Il.l4>quera is expected to arrive in New York in one of the next isthmus steamers, on his way to England as Minister of the United States of Colombia to the Court of St, James. —New ,York LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE ASIA. ( Via Crookhaven.) NEW YORK, OCT. 13 (Evening). The fighting before Richmond has not been re newed. Sheridan retreated to Strasburg after the defeat of Early's pursuing cavalry. Price continues to operate in Missouri. The republican ticket has been elected in Indiana and Ohio by a large majority. Southern journals report that the Confederates have recaptured Rome, Gcorgia. The democratic party have gained largely in Pennsylvania. The soldiers' vote is awaited to decide the result of the election. The toting in Maryland shows the probable adcption of an anti slavery Constitution. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE, (Arrival of the ABia, via Crookhaven.) NEW YORK, OCT. 13 (Evening). Money easy. Gold, 109 per cent. premium. Stocks slightly firmer. New York Centrals, 120-1 ; Illinois, 1201 ; and 5-20 U.S. Bonds, 1071. Cotton dull. Middling Upland, 105. Flour, wheat, and corn slightly firmer. Provisions good enquiry. Coffee dull. Sugar slightly firmer. Molasses steady. Crude petroleum dull; refined do., 63i. NEW YORK, OCT. 11 (Evening). General Grant, after visiting Washington, has returned to Petersburg. General Lee's report of Friday's engagement on the north of the James river, states that he attacked the Feder&le on the Charles City Road, and drove them from two entrenched lines, capturing 10 guns, Finding the enemy further strongly entrenched, he did not press them. General Gregg was killed. Southern journals claim that the engagement was a signal victory, the Federals being driven five miles from the city. General Grant reports that his loss oa Friday amounted to 400 men, the Confederate loss being 1,100. General Sheridan reports that on the 9th he re treated to Strasburg. During his retreat he deso lated the whole country, waking it untenable for the Confederate army► In retaliation for the gue rillas killing engineer Meige, he burned all the houses for a distance of five miles. Ile attacked Rosser's cavalry, who pursued him, near Strasburg, routing them and capturing 11 guns and 300 pri soners. Gen. Longstreet has superseded Gon. Early. Gen. Sherman is at lienesaw, repairing the rail road between Atlanta and Allatoona. His army is well supplied and secure in Atlanta. The Confederate defeat at Allatoona is confirmed. Forrest is escaping across the Tennessee River. Hood has retreated to Dallas. The Richmond papers have favourable news from the north of Georgia, but decline publishing it. Price made a demonstration before Jefferson City to cover the passage of his main army across the Osage River. During the night his army, 20,000 strong, with 20 cannon, passed westward. Plea santon, with 8,000 cavalry, pursued him and en gaged his rear at Jefferson, while Curtis, coming from Kansas, engaged Price in front. Price had proclaimed his intention to remain in Missouri. Burbridge reports that he drove the rebels to their works at Saltville, Western Virginia, and withdrew for want of ammunition, leaving behind the wounded. General Beauregard's new department includes East Louisiana, Missouri, Tennessee, Alabama, and Georgia. President Davis has returned to Richmond. The Democratic National Committee has issued a threatening protest against the action of Admi nistration for suppressing the Baltimore Evening Post, and requiring the Presidential voters of Tennessee to take Governor Johnson's test oath. These actions the Committee say reveal President Lincoln's revolutionary purpose, and to attempt to control, by these means, is to plan crime against liberty and the Republic. The Committee believe that the people, armed with the constitutional laws, will meet these user. pations with the spirit and determination of their fathers, nor will they suffer executive ambition so far to corrupt the constitutional remedies of exe cutive wrong-doing as to condemn the people in the immediate future to a condition and remedies of the subject population of the Old World. The 11 7 etc fork TVorld publishes a statement showing that the public debt, including the appro priation to be made by the next Congress, amounts to 4,000,000,000 dollars. The steamer Constance has been sunk o£l Charleston. The Hansa and Jura have arrived out, The Europa has been intercepted at Cape R ice. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE, Gold, 103 a premium. Stocks slightly firmer. New York Central, 116,1 ; Illinois, 116; ; Erie, 94/ ; 5-20 Bonds, 107 i. (FROM TUE CORRESPONDENT OF THE TIMES.) (Per the Asia, via Halifax and Crookhayen, Oat. 2G.) NEW YORK, OCT. 13. Mr. Stanton announces that despatches from Gen. Grant s since his return to headquarters from Washington, on Saturday last, report no further movement. Sheridan has retreated to Strasburg. He re ports that on the 9;1 inst. he repulsed E cavalry, who followed him to that point, captur ing 330 prisoners and 11 cannon. He declares that he had devastated the whole country between the Blue Ridge and North Mountains, destroying 2,000 barns and 70 mills, which were fiilled with hay, farming imprements, meat, and flour. In retaliation for the shooting of a subordinate officer he burnt a:11 the dwellings within five miles' radius of the spot where he fell. Sherman reports on the 9th inst. that Hood's forces, operating in his rear, had occupied Dalton, and that he feared an attack by them on Kingston and Rome. He adds that seven miles of their way to Chattanooga are destroyed, but that, having plenty of provisions in Atlanta, he feels secure so far as his main army is concerned. Dapatches from Augusta, Georgia, of the Sib inst., to the _Richmond TVh y, report the recapture of Rome by the Confederates, with over 3,000 prisoners. A Federal force of infantry and artillery from General Washburn's department, under Colonel [lodge, proceeding up the Tennessee on transports, convoyed by gunboats, was attacked and driven back at East Point, on the 10th inst,, by General Forrest. The Federals admit the loss of two transports, all their artillery, and 50 men killed and wounded. General Burbtidge, who, with a large Federal force, was recently sent from Mount Stirling, Ken. tucky, to destroy the saltworks in South• Eastern Virginia, has returned to Kentucky unsuccessful. lie attacked 6,4ltyille ou the 3a ilia., and was re- pulsed with heavy loss; and, having expended his ammunition, was forced to retreat precipitately. Latest accounts from Missouri, to the 12th inst., state that the Confederates have withdrawn from before Jefferson city, moving westward. They have destroyed the bridges and portions of the Pacific Railway, near Sedalia. Mr, Auguste Belmont, Chairman of the Na tional Democratic Committee, has published an address to the people of the United States, de nouncing the nets of tyranny and usurpation of the Administration, the suppression of Democratic newspapers, and imposition of test oaths. lie cons chided with threats of the adoption of revolutionary measures in case of any illegal interference in the approaching elections. The elections of members of Congress of the States of Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana were held yes terday. Full ri turns are not yet received. Both Democrats and Republicans claim the victory. Chief Justice Taney died at Washington last night. The British American Conference at Quebec have unanimously resolved upon the confederation of a'l the provinces. CANADA, QUEBEC, OCT. 11. The Canadian Union Convention aeseinbled here yesterday. MEXICO. PARIS, OCT. 25. Official advices have been received here from Mexico to the 19th ult. The Emperor Maximilian was everywhere received with enthusiasm, The troops were pursuing Juarez in the northAwest. Vidaurri, Quiroga, Doblado, Z aloega, and Garza had made their submission, General B3zine was preparing for the return of those French troops under orders to leave Mexico. NEW YORK, OCT. 13. Advices from Mexico to the Ist inst. state that the Mexican main army has been defeated near Durango, with a loss of twenty guns. The French have occupied Matamoras. Vidaurri has given in his adhesion to the empire. FRANCE. A Toulon letter of the 23d says : " The journey of the Emperor Napoleon to the south of France is no longer a matter of doubt. He is even said to hive the intention of staying three days at Toulon, to visit the iron-cased steam ram, Le Taurean, the novel construction of which is des tined iu case of success to effect a new revolution in the principles of naval architecture and in the com position of the fleet." Baron Baude has been named first secretary to the French Embassy at Rome, in the room of the Marquis de Cadore,m , ho has been appointed Minis. for Plenipotentiary at the Court of Carlsruhe. BOURSE, U.t. 24.—The market has been heavy, and prices are rather lower. Threes are now at 64f. 90e., and Mobilier at 885?. Railway Market without animation. The market continued heavy to the close, and left off as follows : 4i per Cents .. 91 50 Do. end month.... 3 per Cents Do. end month 6l 75 Credit Mobilier BB3 75 Do. lend month BBl 25 Bank Shares 3380 Credit Fonder ll5O Roman Italian Loan 65 25 Do. end month 65 35 Ditto Threes — New Mexican Russian Austrian .. 79 Spanish Threes..,. Home Debt Deferred RA IL Orleans :•••• Northern Lyons and NeditQrrancan Southern Western Eastern Sardinian Austrian .. Lombard North of Spain Saragossa.. Ditto to Barcelona rAY€I. Cash. Account. 825 .. 830 970 .. 970 887 5J .. 889 25 587 50 .. 59) 495 492 50 .. 495 - 335 - 335 - 435 - 44() - 513 7.5 .. 5 15 - 375 - 378 76 471 25 .. 468 75 "-- '—' • a —'" '—'" SPAIN. The _Epoca of Madrid gives the following not very favourable picture of the state of affairs in Spain :—" The Cabinet of the Duke of Valencia on ascending to power finds the questions of Santo Domingo and Peru still open ; the former, the cause of tremendous outlays and innumerable sacrifices which have perturbed very materially the finances of the country, and the latter ready at any moment to bring on the contfngencies of a war; the question of the recognition of Italy still pending, and the affair of the Neapolitan archives not yet closed. The aspect ef affairs caused by the late France-Italian Convention adds, not a little, to its embarrassments. The state of the interior is not more cheering; the policy of the country is swayed by factions ; the Progressista party is determined to adhere to its non-voting programme, and is daily entering more and more blindly into the dangerous path in which—after its lamentable circular of the 20th of August—it will fired itself; the Democratic party, arrogant and threatening, is enveloped in a revolutionary atmosphere, drawing towards it the ill-advised Progressistas ; Parliament rendered powerless to continue its high functions after it voted the law of ' Parliamentary incompatibilities ;' the Treasury calling for energetic, urgent, and salutary measures to free it from the pressure it is labouring under, and which the Credit Laws, passed by Senor Salaverria, were unable to remove; the financial crisis, aggravated by the continuation of the American war and the agitations in Catalonia caused by want of work reducing hundreds of the labouring class to misery; the monetary crisis em barrassing commerce and sowing disquietude among all classes, and public opinion deeply agitated." CARDINAL AILZZOFANTI, the wonderful speaker of two•and-seventy different languages, when asked (says a critic in the Examiner) how he came to acquire so unprecedented a range of knowledge, attributed the fact to his employment as foreigners' confessor at Bologna in 1798 and the following years. I constantly met there," he said, "Hungarians, Slavonians, Germans, and Bohemians, who had been wounded in battle, or invalided during the campaign ; and it pained me to the heart that from the want of means of communicating with them, I was unable to confess those among them who were Catholics or to bring back to the Church those who were separated from her communion. In such cases, accordingly, I used to apply myself with all my energy to the study of the languages of the patients, until I knew enough to make myself under stood." Whenever a stranger, whose speech was not know to him, came for confession, he made him first repeat, once or twice, the Lord's Prayer, the Creed, the Com mandments, and other portion of the Romish ritual. In that way, by the aid of his wonderful memory, which retained everything once committed to it, he ob tained a ground - work of words from which to build, He analysed them and measured them by the corresponding words in other languages. A few conversations, in which he guessed at the meaning of new words as they arose, and then verified it by himself using them, gave him knowledge enough to be able to perform his religious duties. "At length, through the grace of God, assisted by my private studies and by a retentive memory, I came to understand, not merely the generic languages of the nations to which the several invalids belonged, but even the peculiar dialects of their various provinces." Once, at a later date, the Crown Prince, now King of Swe den, paid him a visit. They at first talked in the Swedish tongue, which Mezzofanti spoke fluently; but when the Prince continued the conversation in one of the provincial dialecte, the priest had to declare himself ignorant of it. Oa the following day they met wain, and then Mezzo fanti commenced speaking in the dialect in question. "From whom, in the name of all that is wonderful, have you learnt it ? " asked the astoni,lied Prince. "From your Royal highness." was the answer. " Your sen tences yesterday supplied mo with a key to all that it peculiar in its forms ; and I am only translating the common words into those forms." NEWSPAPERS FOR itITSSIA.—The Postmaster• Gsneral has issued an order, in which he states that, seve ral instances having lately occurred in which newspapers sent from this country to Russia have been returned in consequence of the regulations of the Russian Post Office with regard to the transmission of newspapers not having been complied with, the public are again informed that it is forbidden to introduce into Russia, through the post, poli tical newspapers, and that the only means by which persons residing in Russia can obtain such newspapers from the United Kingdom is by subscribing for them at one of the Russian post offices. The admission into Russia of news papers not of a political character is only permitted in these cases where they arc addressed to the house of some estab lished bookseller. v*W. «1- UZI P-Ta 1:17 "'jf5TN A. '4,42V rtiffair Foreign Courts. PARIS, Oct. 22. The Princess Clotilda, accompanied by the two young princes her sons, paid a visit three days siceo to the Asile-Ecole Feaelon at Vaujours (Seine•et" Oise). Her imperial highness, who is president of the lady-patronesses of this establishment, arrived without being expected. She was received by the director, M. L?guay, who conducted her over the asylum, and submitted plans for improving and extending it, to which her imperial highness We her complete approbation, and retired well pleased with her visit. The Marquis Pepcii, who lately arrived in Paris, breakfasted the day before yesterday with the Emperor at St. Cloud. A telegraphic despatch from Nice announces the arrival of the Emperor and Empress of Russia at that place at 6 o'clock yesterday afternoon. Count Sksriatine, Grand Camberlain, received their Majesties at the railway station, and presented to them the prefect, the general commanding the division, the mayor, and the commandant of the Chasseurs of the Guard. The - Russian residents , who were admitted into the station, formed a line on either side through which their Majes 4 ties passed. The Cz lr addressed a few words of thanks to the authorities. The Emperor and Empress got into a carriage and proceeded to their residence—the Villa Peillou. Notwithstanding the rain an immense crowd had assembled; all the houses of the streets through which the Imperial visitors passed were dressed out with Russian and French colours. The Russian corvette Vitias, which has arrived at Villefranche, will, it is said, proceed to Civita Vecchia to bring the hereditary Grand Duke to Nice. Alexander 11. is the third Emperor of RU.161& that has placed his fcot on French territory, the first being Peter the Great, who came to Paris in 1717; and the second, Alexander 1., who in 1815 remained in the French capital for some time. The Qteen of Holland, after remaining two days at Arona, in Italy, has left for Lucerne, PE" ing through Baveno, where her Majesty plid a visit to the Duchess of Genoa. The Grand Duke Michael of Russia, according to the latest advices from Odessa, had left that city with his family for the Crimea. Prince Gortschakoff, who was to have left Swit zerland yesterday - , will, it is said, prolong his scot for some time at Lausanne. RUMOURED VISIT OF THE PRINCE AND PRINCESS OF WALES TO KNOWSLEY.— We are informed, upon the best authority, that the visit of the Prince and Princess of Wales to the Earl and Countess of Derby at Knowsley is not at present by any means a certainty. It is believed that the visit will be made in November, but nothing 15 decided, and the probability is that no definite arrangements will be made until their royal highnesses return from the continent, His Royal Highness Prince Albrt Victor, the infant son of their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Prin cess of Wales, is expected to arrive shortly at Windsor Castle, where preparations are being made for his reception. PRINCE ALFRED.—His Royal Highness Prince Alfred, attended by Lieutenant Haig, left Windsor Castle yesterday morning, shortly after 10 o'clock, for the Great Western Railway Station, - Windsor, whence bio royal highness proceeded by the 10.15 ordinary up passen ger train to Paddington, where the prince arrived about 11 o'clock. His royal highness and suite occupied a saloon carriage, which was attached to the usual train. Prince Alfred was expected to return to the Castle in the evening , It has already been mentioned that his royal highness will take up his residence in Bonn, on the Rhine, during the coming winter, with a view to pursuing his studies in the university of that town, His suite will consist of five gen" tlemen, and one of Herr Erurekeil's newly.built houses in the beautiful and healthy Poppelsdorfer.:Allie has been taken for him, and is now being arranged (both within and with' out) in a most elegant and tasty manner. The lateEt accounts from Ickworth-park last evening represent the Marquis of Bristol as a little better. Miris Marchioness of Ailesbury arrived in tows yesterday from Ham House, Richmond, Frances Countess of Waldegrave and the Right Hon. Chichester Furtescue, M.P., are expected to arrive in town on "Wednesday or Thursday from Ireland. General and Lldy Alice Peel will leave town to-day on a continental tour. Mr and Lady Susan Milbank have returned to Eaton-place from Scotland and the North. Mrs Charles Cavendish was safely delivered of a son yesterday at the residence of the Lard Chief Justice of England, in ilertfort-street, Mayfair, Both mother and infant are progressing favourably. THE LATE DUKE OF NEWCASTLE.—The funeral of the Duke of Newcastle will take place on Thursday nest at the church of Markham Clinton, near Clamber. The Grand Secretary of the Masonic body in Nottingham (of which his Grace was Provincial Grand Master) received a letter from Clumber on Monday morning stating that it was the wish of the departed nobleman that the funeral s hould be as unostentatious as possible, and that it should be con' fined to his Grace's relatives and tenants only. Ihe African Traveller, Mr, S. Baker. The following communication from Mr Pethed rick, late her Majesty's Consul at Khartoum, who concludes his communication at Berber on his wo9 home, has been published Khartoum, June 8, 18G4. My dear Sir,—Since my last, dated May 23, I havo had several interviews with lihurshid Aga's men from the /1 1 ' terior of Gondokoro. They unite in their statements of having accompanied ➢lr Baker to Kamraei's residence, where they had met with a good reception ; that Mr Baker was in excellent health, but that he had lost ti,e whole of his cattle, and had boa training bullocks for riding. From this point all agree that Mr Baker and his 10 mono under the guidance of a confidential person of the chief, left to inspect a lake, but thenceforth the stories told by the men are conflicting. Some say he went to the Lutu Nzigly while others maintain that ho left for the Lake Nyallot and that he did not intend to return, but to proceed onward to Zanzibar. it is, I fear, but little light that is in my power to throW men upon h's movements, but of the two versions I tail more inclined to give credit to the first—viz., his jouxutlY to the Lutu Nzigi. From what I have been able to glean by cross question ing., I am disposed to think that Mr Baker intended to have returned to Kamrasi, in older to join the trading party 0 1 : 1 their return journey, or he would have consigned letters to them respecting his future requirements from Khartoutps as also for posting letters at ►his place for Europe. Ten men of llhurshid Aga remained stationary, while the majority with the proceeds of their trade, went to G-on clam, there to be reinforced for the purpose of returnia to forna a permanent trading establishment at Kamrasi'fi residence. I have stated in my last that these men ccnveyed a packet of letters from Gondokoro to Mr Baker, but, plod" ing want of porters, they refused to take charge of sundry previsions I had sent for his consumption. From these men Mr Baker will have learnt the departur e of the boats from Gondokoro, and their absence during the rainy season ; therefore, until the next trading compaig ll nothing more can be heard of him.—Believe me, volt sincerely, yours, JOHN PETHERICI+ I . Sir Roderick I. Murchison, President of the Royal Geographical Society, &c. P.S. My wife's very serious illness, together with our departure from Khartoum, prevented my completing and forwarding this letter until this day at Berber—narnelY , August 11, 1864. ----- SUBWAYS IN LoNDoN.—The Metropolitan Beard of Works has determined to carry out th© plan of constructing subways, as in King-street, Covent-gardeet and Southwark-street, behind the embankment of the new Thames Way. The same body will shortly, we believe, tat into consideration the propriety of constructing passages beneath the most dangerous crossings in the metropolis . The City authorities have the same thing in view ; and the time will, we trust, not be lung ere passengers may traverse such streets as Cheapside, Fleet-street, King Williana• street, the Strand, and Bridge-street, Westminster, with safety to life and limb, and without interrupting the carriage traffic or waiting till a policeman gives signal for a rush. It has been ascertained that at least half the "blocks" in :1 10 great thoroughfares are caused by the necessity for allow . ing persons on foot to proceed. If it be : not found conve nient to have sub-crossings, surely light iron bridges svoula answer the purpose; these might be extremely elegant ill appearance. and give a picturesque aspect to a street. objected that infirm persons could not use these sub-cross ings or street bridges ; in reply we may ask, how then does the small proportion of such passengers now traverse the thronged streets? Doubtless the foot bridges added to the viaduct over Ludgate-bill will prove public convenieucl and lead to the construction of others. These bri,lges wit be opeh for 116 V in a very bLurt time.