The Sun. — London, England, 1826-05-11 00:00:00

0 , 44 j'Z c 'C.4.--yr ~.0 : 40r-fr" ~" / . , ._ . . ~., 'Nts . ,, , ..., , , \ e ' ' ' ' 4, ,* ' , V i t,;• A 4 c'.; ' '. k .' '' .. 1 . 41111 U, _ / •Xjl 4 ..-,,.... OAT Z... 2 6,1- , ?1, ..,, . ...• • • . ' ' 9 l • :' .. •,"•' 0 --, -4.% 1, , 4 itt i • • ,_,F 1 / 4 'a t ';,,, ~ , , : ; ; i 7 " .. ' 5. ,:_.; A . :>4 . ' :, — 'o , _ k i k ......_'a--k*:,, ,v..... . :•;„, t...:. • • ' - ~;',.,-. ~ ii, . 10 o,_ pi'. , ;.„,.„,,,,,,„,,,,,,,,,„„. - „ - ,r? 4 Or C' _ NU M BER 10,50-1. THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 11, 1826. SEvEN-rEN( • ELECTION' OF WILLIAM WARD, ESQ. ,111ISTRESSED MANUFACTURERS.--At .E-Ar a 3leeting of the Manufacturers' Relief Committee, held .at the City of London Tavern, May 10, 1828, JOHN SMITH, Esq., and, subsequently, The Lord Bishop of CHESTER, in the Chair ; Resolveil, That Earl Howe, Moses: Montefiore, and John Martin, gB q . 31. P., be added to the Cotninittee; also Resolved, That the folloWing sums be remitted to the tressed districts : To Bingley Church Parish Ashton-under-Line 'Halifax Edgley, near, Stock. APUBLIC MEETING of the Friends of Mr. WM. WARD will take place at the City of London Ta vern, TO-MORROW, FRIDAY, the 12th instant, to determine upon the measures best calculated, to securerthe return of that Gentleman to Parliament as one of the Representatives for the City of London, at the approaching Election. The Chair to be taken at Two o'clock precisely. CHARLES PRICE; Chairman of the Committee. CoMmittee Room, City of London Tavern, 4th May, 1826. FOREIGN CORN. those sums fail ~ very far short of the difference in price which is exhibited by winparing the accounts collected at those several places. The nierchanti at bantzic, too, appear not to be satis fied with CI:: staid' sum here presumed, of Is. 6d. per quarter, for commisaiion and profits. Whether from the higher expences of conveyance, or the larger commissions or profits of the mer chants, the excess of the price beyond the cost of conveyance here stated is very striking, specially in those years when the demand was the greatest. Mr. JACOB'S REPORT on the TRADE in CORN, and on the AGRICULTURE of the NORTH of EUROPE. - x:•200 200 Nottingham . .1300 0 Addingham . 100 0 Crompton, near Shaw 100 0 Cirindleton . 50 0 Knareaborough . 100 0 COMPARATIVE VIEW OF PRIM OP WtMAT, IN VIE spr- Et AL TEARS ENUMERATED, IN CI:ACOW AItSAW AWL) DA liTZIC. 100 0 IC' fd, Price at Cracutv. Price at' Price at Waraaw. D4ntztc. X 1.9110 0 c d. d. o. d, port - Bradford and its neigh; bourhood - 500 0 Subsciiptiona already advert . John Sim - £5 5 A Friend -* .0 10 Henry Alsager - - - 1 1 Benjm. Jolly - •• 1 0 John Jolly • - 1.0 W. Clarkson, of Baldock 5 0 C. K. B. - 2 0 Robert Farren 1 1 A few Servants at Bart lett's-buildings, Hal born - - 4 0 Cl4rk, Ansted, and Co. 10 0 Richard Doughty 1 1 Alias E. F. Lancey 2 0 The Widow's Mite was not disdained - 0 1 Geo. Colebatcit. - 2 2 Anonymous, by C. P. 75 0 A. Ro w l an d and Son 5 0 Thomas Davis . - 2 0 John Bye, of Esher 5 0 Mrs. Ann Bye, ditto 5 0 Mrs. Levin, Waltham stow . 1 1 Charles Wiz - 5 5 Moses Monteflore 50 0 Sheppard, Thomas, and I,epard -t; J.. F. Gwyn - I 1 John Eliot - 10 0 Higgs, Ranaford, &Co. 5 0 Garry and Curtis 34) 0 James Teddy 10 01 S. H. L. - - 1 C. B. - 1 At Dixon and Co. George Griffith - At Glyn and Co. inhabitants of Warehatii; Dome, per Fryer,. anti - Co. (Ist subscrip.)2BLl7B.6d. Richard P. Glyn 10 0 William Barlow - 5 0 G. V. 0 5 Thomas:Garrett • '2 0 Heathcoat and Co. 25 0 John Trower - 10 0 Rear-Admiral Sir Robert Barlow, K.C.B. 5 O. At Lees and Co. J. C. 3 0 Mrs, C. . 2 0 Miss C. . - ' 10 J Rev. Rich. Yates, D.D. 5 "1i R. B. Gardiner - 10 '0 At Masterman and Co.. Robert Bingley - 21 Mrs, Wilson, Curzon-st 5 0 Joshua Reynolds - 5 0 Andrew Todd - 10 0 1 1- Gelarti - 2 0 Richard Godson - 5 5 J. S. - 1 0 1 T. J. Lancaster - 50 1 S. R. 1 1 Bingley - • 5 5 Thomas Rhodes - 1 1 Gillespies and Co. 26 0 Withers, Spencley, and Co. - - 10 10 Peck, Brothers, and Co. S 5 Thomas Bridges • "50 0 , Crowleyollillington,& CO. - - Rev. S.Hodsop,Thrap aton - - 6 5 Mrs. AL - E. Rundell 2 0 Munn and Wyld, Bo 'rough 10 10 H. T. Hewett - 15 At Hanbury and Co. Mrs. C . Robinson - 5 0 T. F. - 1 0 Qeorge Basevi - 5 0 .At Dorriens and Co. D. IL'and J. A. Rucker Ised, £58,766 4 3 Viscount &Viscountess Ebrington . £2O 0 John Salter . • 6 0 M. Salter . 1 1 Godfrey and Cooke 21 0 Amos Strettell - 5 John Barrow - 'lO 10 11!.,11. . 2 0 John :Nightingale 10 0 J. G. royster - 5 5 . . At 'Wright and Co. Rev. Chas. Gore" _ A Lady, H. G. Osborn Wan. Chambers 3 At Hopkins And Co. • Walter Richardson 1 Lord Colrile 10 1,0 At.Morlands & Co. Alex. Henderson 10 0 Right Hon. W. Henry Freemantle - 0 Hen. Ellis 5 0 At Hankeys and Co. Captain G. F. Hotham, it. N- 10 10 A. Z. -• • • . 1 0 Ald. G. Bridges, M.P. 21 6 Mark Dyer . • 2 J..C. M. - 1 0 Hen. Metcalf - 5 0 At Martin, Call And Co. P. Persie 10 0 G.O. - 6 0 R. B. W. Underwood His Assistants J. P. Boileau M. G. J. 'W. Hon. Charlotte GrimstOn 10 11 Mrs. Robinson & Family 6 0 Thomas Hoskins 2 2 Mrs. T. Hoskins 2 2 H. J. M. John Cotton Miss 11. Cotton 1 0 - 01,E -IO 0 5 0 2 0 - 5 0 P.C., A.O, •1 . It. W. Horton, M.P. - 25 P. C. Oazalet - 10 0 J. 0: Graeff - 6 At Percival, and Co. J. C. - 1 1 James Thomas Manning 5 Hen. Golding . 10 0 John Wood - 5 • Janies Sparks - 5 0 John Manning 5 5 Richard Whitfield 5 0 Stroud and Sinith .10 10 (Prom Oxford) Rev. Thomas V. Short, Christchurch College 10 0 Rev, H. L. Cotton,Wor cester College 1 Mr. Hall, Holywell 5 Mr. Hudson Rev. C. Clarke, Christ church College Dr. Bourne F. Oakley The Master of Pem broke College Rev. Thomas ‘Vintle, St. John's ditto . 5 Rev. Thomas Besland, Baliol ditto - 1 Mr. Rob Hudson; New College - 1 Mr. Wliam Maddock 1 James Dancing - The President of St. 3 3 - 10 10 1 1 52 10 John's College - Mr. Calvert, Christ. church College . Mrs. Thorp Mr. Thorp Trower, Christ. church College The University City Bank - - 21 Rev. J. F. Jowett 1 t. iles's I Mr. Lee, Oriel College 1 Mr. Innes, Trinity do. 1 Mr. Puller, Chr:st. 20 0 1 - 1 and c o . . .. 21 0 A. ii, . • . 1 1 C. b, . • . 1 1 W. Bedf or d • Aliss L 4 aing ' - U P eacock and Bampton 6 5 Chas. Johnson and Son 5 6 Jas. Broadhurst - 5 ()- Rev. J. F. Al. Halsey 50 0 At Mull. R Willobertiams,s . 5 Deacon and Co s . IV. ft: B. 1 0 A. and A. . 1 1 r-At Hummersle s and Co. -• D ' Y 50 - A few - Friends at the 'the !ter. .. - C. W. Kfiyvett 2 0 Bell, Dean-street, St. r, C ° l * t i .. H. Gordon - 5 0 George's-court 6 . 1: 4,.W.Smith Biggs 2 2 Per Veres and Co.'L ••• f i irs• Cox • —'. 2 0 Henry Seymour, Esq.' 20 0 4 A r .s. Wrn. 80-wman I C. W. tits. Cliapniari - 3 0 Watson, Hughes, and "u,, rs. 11 11 ' 3 0 Nash - - a , . lO 10 . . . UlO '',lsrton College, Oxford 50 0 illrs. Nash . - 6 6 ' l r James IVilloughby Charles Bentley - 10 0 „Gordon, B art . - 1 0 0 Per Fry and Co.'s Nenry V. Tibbs . I I Fry's and Chapman •106 0 JohnAt Gosli ngs an d Co. Reynolds, Colchester, }l .Verivale . 5 0 aud Co. .- - - ao 0 John It Baker -5, OR. N. Shaw ofStapleton 20 0 lion. Mr. Justice Bur-, , Heury Wilkins .• • 6 ' 5 Cesmngli . 20 . 0 Gadsden and Barlow 5 6 1 are iftavenseroft 10 0 E • Livein , - -. 1 ' a Wni. Sewell (Sussex) 10 0 • .Per Lubbock . and co. D. S. Bockett • - 10 0 Raiiiit Ricardo . 10 10 James Trower , - 10 0 -Amiens.- . . .. . .5 0 Viscount Gage - 60 0 Sir C. L emon, Bart. 20 0 Giay Hon. and Rev. Anebitel -• 5l. S. and. Friends •4 0 - i. 0 Thomas Leonard 2 2 81 r Abelliavie, Bart. 2 2i) 0 0 , Clerk* anti Workmen in „, At Praeds and Co. . his employ ~ IHi itobert R. Pennington 10 10 'l'. W. . . 1 0 Tikaitas Butler - 1 U Reverend Thames Vero einpositors, Pressmen, Chute - 25 &c:" in the empl o y o f Per Stevenson and Salt. 0 AIL Davison, Lom- Osmond, Capel, and bard -street, Fleet- Barton - street -, 21.141.6 d. F rom G reenw i ch 6 0 Robe rt H aldan e Brad. 2 U • . Per Rogers and Co.' s •,s4tr i Aix, lOO 0 Matthew Raper 20 0 '"I i) , ht At Coutts and C o . ' Burton and Bentley 10 10 renville tt, Hon. Thomas • Hugh Jones 6 0 ~...0 - 100 OA. M. Crecry - 1 0 4:tte Countess of Guild- . Jno..Paynter '' . 5 5 „. ford - 50 0 Jos: Sharp . 2 2 ~..W. and D. Green 50 0 Some Little Children 0. 5 G. litarkie - ' .26 . 0 .L'E. Tozer • - 1-I `-'. A. Tenant° - 5 0 Wm. Sniallbone . 8 3 Ert nATtli.:::- - In the Advertisement of Subscriptions for me Distressed Manufacturers, inserted in our Paper of yes • rjrday, read 11764 15. (hi. received of Jones, Lloyd, and A's ll'otn the Bath "Cominittee, - pe.' Hobhouse and Co., Il l_&tead of " IlobbOuse and Co., of Bath, per Jones, . Lloyd, 4nu co.,' . . , . t S ubscription s received. by all the Bankers in.town and coon. wirers ; arkt of the City of London Tavern, Bishopagitte-street, tiere the Committee meet daily. .. ' .' ' ' • W. H. lIYETT, See.. .... F A hplicationi to the Co mm i ttee must b e a dd ressed to" Francis l ief Ear &ef Commii.tte;tm ' don " and superscribed "Man u f acturers ' --v." church College - 1 Mr. Collett, Trinity do. 2 Mrs. Burfoot - 3 SOCIETY for PROMOTING the ENLARGEMENT and BUILDING of CHURCHES and CHAPELS. • PATnort. His Royal Highness the Duke of YORK. PRESIDEIVr. His Grace the Archbisluip or CANTERBURY. THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING of the above SOCIETY will be held on THURSDAY, the 18th lost., in the Rooms of the Royal Society of tur•, at No. Parliament.street. His Grace the Archbishop of CANTERBURY, will take the Chair at Twelve o'Clock precisely. W. JO 11 NSO N RODBE It; Secretary. ' Society's Cham,bertto. 2. Nrliament-street, ,May 6, 1826. ; , ' BRITISH INSTITUTION, PALL-MALL. OF THE PR F.fo , NT EXHIBITION. H.E. GALLERY fot t4e. EXHIBITION And SALE of the WORKS at' BRITISH ARTISTS, including the celebrated Picture o Christ crowned with Thorns," by Win. Hilton. ILA., purchased by the Directors, IS OPEN DAILY, freni Ten in the Illorning until Five in the Eycniu , g ; and will be clo.ed on Saturday, the 20th inst. Admission. Is.—Catalogue Is. WILLIAM BARNARD; Keeper. HAMILTON' ‘ , YSTE Al. W . HAMILTON respectfully informs the Pub lic, tliat PRIVATE ci,ABBBs i n the GREEK, LATIN, FRENCH. GERILA N. ITALIAN, and . SPA NISH LANGUAGES, contim ie to be forincd weekly, at his sole London Establishment, 25. (MC kI..STREET, ST R AND, where - nearly 4,005 Adults (including many of the First Rank and Non) have been instructed since Mr. Hamilton's arrival in England.—The Course in a Modern Language consists of Five Sections—Verms 21. 11 s. per. Section of 10 Lessons, pay able in advance, proficiency guaranteed : Private Lessons are given to those who are desiroug of studying alone, - 'at 51. per Section. Classes of Five Pei amp; and upwards may be met at their own residences.. TO BLACK ASH 111 NI T VACTURERS AND SOAP MAKERS. TO BE SOLD OR LET on Moderate Terms, that valuable Plant in full Trade, situated at Bow Com mon, the Property of Messrs. FOHDHAM and SON, on ac count of the death of Mr. Fortlintin. For Particulars apply to Mr. Peac.hy, 1, Hanover-street, Hanover-square; the Premises are particularly well adapted for the erection of a Soap Concern, being on, the banks of the River Lee. CHEVALIER RUSPINI'S MEDICINES. r rHE CHEVALIER RUSPINI b egs t o i n f orm a the Nobility, Gentry, and the Public, that he has ap pointed Mr. Charles Butler, 4, Chetipside.the Agent far the sale of his Medicines, viz. the Dentrifice and Tincture for beautify ing and .preserving the 'Teeth and Gums, and fastening those Teeth that are loose; his Elixir for curing the Toothache, end the Balsamic Styptic for stopping all Bleedings, external and internal. They are now prepared by the CHEVALIER, from the original. Receipts of his Father. Sold by Butlers', Chemist, 4, Cheapside, Corner of Saint Paul's, London ; 54, Sackville-street, Dublin ; and 73, Princes street, Edinburgh ' • Smyth and Nephew, P er f umers , N ew Bend-street ; and the pruicii al Medicine Venders throughout the - United Rinkdom. The above Medicides cannot be Genuine unless the Name of the Chevalier J. B. Ruspini is engraved on the Go vernment Stamp which is attached to each Bottle. IIII#ORTA NT TO FAMILIES. Tm's BEST 'COMMENT on the Virtues #1 1 ( 1 , en(wating Efficacy of Dr. SOLOMON'S CELE BRATED CORDIAL BA 1.,31 OP GILEAD is the Cer tainty that Ladies of Fashion anti' ResPictibilitY find it the most Efficacious Medical Itestorative to be met with in various Weaknesses peculiar to their Sex, gently throwin g a genial warmth upon the debili tate d' and relaxed frame, recruiting the decayed s piri t s , dissipating headache, dulness,. and languor, and creating a pleasing vivacity. • The greatextent to which it is used by the Sickly, the Nervous, and the Debilitated, Pv^ve• B its unrivalled merit ; thousand's of whom i t i s d a il y a ff or di ng relief which no other Medicine has supplied. To those whom early indulgence of the Passions—Dissipa tion, or too great Reliance on Canithutional .Strength, have been injurious ; to the Sufferer from Lowness of Spirits, Ifeavi ness of Mind, Deranged Stomach, Languor, and Incapacity for Exertion; to those in whom the Digestive and Nervous Systems have been deranged, and conseptently labouring under irregular and painful action; and to those persons who have ruined their Constitutions, and brought on a perfect Tabes Dorsalis, by an immoderate indulgence of their pasiiirina; or in their way to the consummation of that deplorable Malady are affected with Weaknesses and the Obstruction of certain Eva cuations, this remedy is recommended from ample experience as the best restorative. A very important ohservatiOn may he. made.in favour of this celebrated Medicine, that unless,its operation was gentle, safe. and efficacious ; it could not haVe obtained the unexampled demand it lint acquired; fbr, as it has rarely the great advan tage of a persuasive advocate tit the ear of the Patient, so no thing but his conviction of its virtues, by its salutary effects, can induce perseverance ; and yet reasonable perseverance is certainly most requisite to enable even the happiest combina tions n!" Chemicals and. Galimicals to root out chronic diseases and restore the valetudinarian to health. • Much - more might be said in just report of it; for great experience has simian that none need despair, however dangerous their situation may be, when. so noble, safe, and e ffi ca ciou s kietnetly is offered for their relief.' CinTrosr.,--AS many imitations of this excellent Remedy :.re on Sale, the Public will be sure to ask for it as "Dr. Solo. moll's." and book at the Stamp affixed to each Bottle, which has "Semi. Solomon, Liverpool," engraven upon it: none other is genuine. Patients requiring advice may obtain it by application to Gilead-Ifouse, accompanied with a remittance of a U. Note. To be had at Gilead-House, near Liverpool ; of Mr. John ston, 613, Cornhi ; Mr. Sanger (late Bacon & Co.), MO, Ox ford-street; Mr. 'Ward, Holborn; Mr. Henry Mackeill, 33, Whitechapel, London; and . by all the prin c ip a l V en d ers o f Patent Medicines throughout the United Kingdom, price lls. per Bottle, or four in one Family Bottle for 335. SPRING GuNs.—'-Avalimble plantation upon the estate of Hirsel, the property of the Earl of Home, situate upon the north side of the road leading from Greenlaw turnpike road to half fire an Birgham, was wilfully set fire to .early on the morning of Satur day the Bth ultimo, by some maliciouss e ; afterpersona,and a b o uthch acre of the plantation completely destroyed had" gone out, otherwise the whole plantation, which consists of about thirty acres, must have been consumed. We lately men tioned the unfortunate death of a young man who was mortally wounded by.a spring gun, while trespassing in one of the Earl of Home's plantations. The circumstance under which this poor fellow met his untimely death .created a great sensation, in the neighbourhood, and it is believed that the fire was raised by some of the young man's aequaintata% w hose outraged feelings drove them to this lawless mode of expressing .t heir indi g nation and re fietlttnent towards the noble proprietor on whose lands their friend had met his death... 7 -Eglinbur Star . • P The Turks have an objection to all machinery which has a tendency to abolish manual labours Same years ago a printer went to Constantinople, and set up hie case and press. The Prime Vizier hearing of his arrival ordered him to be arrest.... efi. The unfortunate man of letters was charged with a serious offence, He was told that 80,000 clerks lived every day by mul tiplyinr copies of public and private documents, and, consequent ly, tt multiplying copies by the art of printing would deprive all tik•Je pervons of bread. The printing press and letters were thrown, by order of the Government, into the Bosphorus, "and the printer narrowly escaped the bow-string. • 10 16 • "2 5 0 . _ [Continued from our paper of Thursday.) My efforts to make computations of the cost price of wheat were as little satisfactory to iuyseif in Poland as In Pruagia. The same difficulties, presented themselves, and the same doubtait tach to every attempt at accuracy. As may be seen by'the estate at Pulaway, in the province of Lublin, the book-keeping on the large estates is well conducted, but not in such a manner as to distinguish, the cost of one kind of corn from that of another, or even to distinguish the cost of all the corn from that of the ge neral mass of productions. Any calculation in Poland, as in other countries, can be but at approximation to accuracy, and lutist be received with hesitation, however high may be the au thority, or.however abundant the means of information, of the 'persons malting it. In a conversation with Count Mostaski, the enlightened Minister of Finance, whilst viewing his farm near Warsaw, he stated, as the result of his calculations, that the cost price in that neighbourhood wa.s double as much as it was selling for at that time, which Iv - as indeed ateousiderably list than le:If of the average price it hatrtkrne-in past periods for a series of years ; that during those periods the benefit on its cultivation had been somewhat, less than the profit on the other brandies of in- ' dustry ; or that, in the double capacity of landlord and farmer, the annual'gain to the cultivator had, not been equal to that derived from the same amount of capital employed in any other way. On referring to the prices of Warsaw (see. Appendix, No. 21 and 22), it will be seen, that fora period of 24 years, from June, 1798, to June, 1820, the average of the period was 88s. per quarter; and that in the ten years. from 1815 to 1824, it was Sla. The price, at the time of my visit to this gentleman, was 14s. 9d. The tables will chow that the fluctuations in the price of wheat during the longest period have had much narrower limits than have been experienced in the other markets'neiirer the sea shore. It is highly improbable, that if the cost price of wheat had not been tolerably near to the welling price, efforts would not have been strenuously directed to augment the growth of it, , aod that the quantity raised would not have been regularly increasing,: but this iv so far front having been the case, that only so l on g as th e ,price was SO,. or upw a rd s , was the production kept up to the re gular standard; and that when it fell but a few shillingc below that price, the quantity sent to market diminished, anti remarkably so, since the declension has gone on increasing till it has reached the present very ruinous limits. The view taken by Count Itlostoski was confirmed also by Prince Lubetski, another of the Mittistenl i • who is a cultivator of hie own estates, and has officially paid attention to a subject, which Juts become of the highest importance to every public officer and every landed proprietor. It is worthy of remark, that the present burdens on the land are quite as great as existed during any period of the 24 years' whose prices are quoted ; and that the heaviest of these burdens, the tenth Groshen tax, was not collected is the earlier years of the series. It was originally a war tax,, but (as before stated) has been continued through the ten years that have passed since the peace was concluded. The expenses of cultivation have been, undoubtedly somewhat reduced with the reducticn of the selling prices of the produce ; thus the cost of seed, and of the food of working cattle, if valued by money, would appear to be less, but they can scarcely affect the cultivator, who raises them and con sumes them, as he only can derive a profit or incur a loss accord ing to the high or low .price of that surplus quantity which he 'sells at .market. I am disposed, under all circumstances of the cave, to pay much attention to the estimations I have related, Which were also cor roborated by the opinions of most of the cultivators with whom I conversed. With as much confidence as win be felt on a subject which no investigation could have made very clear, I should sup pose thecost of wheatin the province or Alastiovii to have been nearly between 275. and 295. the quarter fin- the last SO years. Assuming that the cost price of wheat was at the medium, be tween the points to which I n i ts fl uctua ti onN i t h a d approac hed, we may calculate the cost in England thus : Cost of.the quarter of wheat at 'W a rsaw Conveyance to the boats, Anil charges fur Jostling and atowiug, and security, by ma t s Li 6 Freight to Dantzie - 0 Loss on the passage, by pilfering, and by rain causing it to grow - - - - Expellees at Dantsio, in turning, drying, screen ing, and warehousing, and loss of measure - Profit or commission, /lathe case nif.y,*, to the merchant at Dantzic - - - - Freight, primage, insurance, and ,shipping charges , at Dsnttle and in London U. a. MO 0 8 0 2 0 1 6 8 0 48 0 In ascending the Vistula beyond Warsaw, as the quality of the grain improves, the expenses on the conveyance of it to the mouths of that river increase also. I could have wished at Cracow to have obtained the prices for a longer aeries of years, than are to he found in the Appendix, No. 28. Before the times with which that,pccount begins, that part of Po land had used as the medium of exch ange th e d e p re ciat e d paper nioney of Austria; and I.had no Beale by which to measure the variations at different periods between that currency and thesilver money,. which leas been_sinee the sole medium for the exchange of connitodities. An account, ther e f ore , f or an ear li er ser i es o f years would have produced only perplexity and uncertainty; the verbal information I obtained was, in general terms, that there had been no fluctuations in the price of corn before the return of peace, nearly approaching to those which have been experianced since that event. I was told by one merchant that the price for many years of the war had generallY been between 245. and 26 * per quarter, if the paper -money had been valued according to the.pro- portion which it bore to silver money at the several periods of its depreciation. The account obtained at Cracow (see Appendix, No. 2 2.) shows that for ten years, and two half years, the average price of wheat was 255. Id., though between the first and list part of that period the difference is . enormous ; the first part showing an ave rage of 88a., and the last of Only 17s. sd. If the mean of those two parts be taken, it will show 255., which neailY co""Pmulg with the information of the merchant before referred to. If, in the absence ofbetter data it be assumed that the selling price of wh ea t n e ar C racow has been for a Series of years at 255., and that the grower's profit has been ten per cent., and the cost price thus taken at 225. 6d., the rate at which it would reach this country may be thus estimated:— 0. a. Cost of wheat at Cracow Conveyance to boats, loading, &c. Freight to Dantsid - - Loss by pilfering, and damage from wet &peaces at Dantzic, as in the fencer estimate Profit or commission, as before - - Freight, &c. to Londun - - - z. 22 6 0 6 7 6 8 6 2 0 1 6 8 0 45 6 Some allowance should be made for risk beyond insurance, as corn is covered by the underwriters only in the stranding of the ship, and in the loss which may be to be paid when there is a general average. In both the statements of the expences of con veyance, the rate of freight on the river Vistula to Dantzic, as well as that by sea from!Datitzic to London, is stated at the pre sent price, when there are scarcely any operations of that kind carrying on. During the demand of 1802, 1808, and 1804, and in 1817, I have been told the freight from beyond Warsaw was 10i. per quarter, and that froth Dantzic to Lcouton was, includ ing primage and insurance, from Ils. Bd. to 12s. If from any circumstances a demand should be created for 'as ! Much Wheat as is consumed in England in six days, it would raise the price of freightage on the river probably SO or 40 per cent., and half of that 'proportion in the sea freight from Dant zic to this country. If that demand should extend to 12 days' supply; it would exhaust the whole stock of wheat fit for our market, and cause it to advance in a much greater degree than the shipping of such a limited quantity in any former period has witnessed. In stating the several exp enc incurred in the conveyance of wheat from Warsaw to Dautzie at 1011. 6d. per quarter, and from Cracow to Dantzic at ISs. 6d. per quarter, it seems that Average of 1796, 1797, 179 i, and 1799, together - • - Average of 1808„1804, 18D5, acid 1806, together - - - Average of 1815, 1816, 1817, and 1818, together. - Average of 1821, 1822, 1823, and 1824, together : - to - e 24 Jo (9 38 4 4sl 4 CO 4 85 8 141 h) It will be.seen by this tontraAt, that is the years frn;i 1781..ta 1799, when the exports by sea from Dautzio tind Elbiu .wer:. 1,4143,480 quarters, the expenses of conveyaneefroni Wttryaiv • the port of shinommt, with the. prnfit or.i.antunission of tit chants, Was ld. in the years from 180$ to 1806, Whco the exports were 1,060,352 quarters, the conveyance and pVotit of the merchants was NS. l ld. par qurer, Since the great deeline 'of prices, winch began in'llBl9, it ap pears tlott the average prices at Match: are so near to those at Ceacow mold \Srarsaw, that the rate' of freight which has been actually paid, is greater than the differences between tliem. tlie four years from 1821 to . 1824, when the whole quantity shipped from•Dantzic and Ming has been no more then 299,000 quarks's, the difference in price between Cnieow Nutt Dauttie bee been only St. Bd., and between Warsaw and Dautzic, ordy 4s.Bd. According. to:.several . represeutatious Itthieh 1 received, and which cannot be materially erroneous, the , quantity of wheat rail;- el in the interior of Poland has been gradually lessening., bin with much more rapidity since 1819, than'hefore that period. Dur ing the years 1821, 1822, and 1823, very little ‘ttheat passed down time Vistula, Its appmrs by the accounts obtainettet Thorn. ply the official accounts, the whole in the, three years was only 88,600 quarters; the growers being then induced to' withhold from whipping, as long as their necessities - wOuld allow, In the year,lB24, the pressing demands of creditors and mortgagees tbried the holders to sell, and in consequence of it, there was sent down in that year. 93,968 : (limn", The pressure of distress still continuing, and the harvest of 1824 being very good,. there was forwarded in 1825, by the nommencement of time harvest sif that year ,171i,2 15 quarters, or at 1111.0.1 as in the four years which had preceded it, These two last year's exports had completely drained Poland, and hence, when I ivas there, : before any of the IttlW !WI :,p• peered at market, the prim.for what little was routed, had rather advanced. I was informed by more than one werchunt, that if 10,000 quarters had been, required, then. was sy I;,ttie left bribe country, that it coniti.be collected with 4itficoltY 4 and, that the knowledge of auch:dentand.wculd cause the prim:e to be doubled. In the mean tiai l. oe stocks at Dautzie Arid ii44l tom ac (inundating, in spite of the titoup.oratvely bin,.,11 quantities which hare been brought dOwn the Vistula. At the end a 11118, then!. only remained in store in those 'cities 92,279 quarters (see Appendix :So. hi.) in ;i,# following seven years, up. to August, Iti 5, qmintitiei a liirlt paid duties at Thorn, were From Russia Austria Poland Qul4rteri. 36'6,648 .17,149 621,119 During the same aeve►.► years, the exports from the two ports, were - - 1,005,11 reesiVihg - - - To 'this is added the stuck at the and of 1818. . • as above - 1324,622 I SO, 4.88 SSA',`.? 79 v72,7t;7 It appears, however, that the at reLlly in stur, ;ti t , plac e s in August List, antounted about :1,50,000 quarters, to therefore' there must have hLett exported, or be in t.to t s, about 80,000 quarters of wheat, of, the growth of Prussia, io the seven yearn under - consideration. Poland,' and ‘prOhably the Ituti:ok pruvirwel which once were paits of Poland, , though,tirainol of their v. hole stock. of wheat, have not in seven years caused an ttecurnulation at the exporting cities of more then about 1-19th of what was shipped from them in seven years, from 1800 to 1808. 'thaw stoehs are, however, higher than appears to have been , left.on hand at the end of the former years, and hence it may have arisen, that the. priom have been reduced far below what it has coat the Inkier», though they have bought from the growers at rates, t 4 discourttge the thrther cul tivation of wheat. The abandomnent of a losing business is most likely to begin ta the fountain head, and the effect of the abandontuent ►will be first experienced by a rise of price At the spot where the depreciated commodity is produced. .This KnillS to be the ease in Voland, and this may naturally'aecount ler the prices of torn at Cracow and Warsaw being higher ,with the , nddition of freight and the other charges, than at Dantsic and Elbing. It has been frequently, remarked,. that the exportation of corn from any country, if long continued, must-tend to exhault the soil, unless lonumaticles, capable of becoming converted into • up. pure, are introduced to compensate for the, injury. .?luny parts of the north of Africa, and of Asia Minor, which .Mrtnerly xull plied large quantities of earn to Europe, havelinre Ale. sorts. ,Perhaps one of the chief causes , of thei:progre , s, ire- nave . made in agriculture, and of the superior, produt:tiveris of our fields, have arisen from our exporting but law, :and iniportiny' Many of those articles which are capable, when decorriptveol, of becoming manure, `and being applied to renovate - toe soil, as Much or more as it is exhausted by cropping. . From Poland, for nearly two eenturiea, according to the do.. Cument in the Appendix, No. 24, the exports of , corn tuivo,lnvo very large, whilst on the other hand nothing has been imported, deserving of notice, which could be converted into nutriment to the soil. The system of rotation by which the two crops.of corn are raised in succession, and nothing is administered to refresh the hind but a fallow; would exhaust the bast coil with which w•e.ure acquainted. • In every part of my journey threugh Poland, the impres,,ion communicated, in looking at the fields, whether with growing crops, in stubble, or under the operations of the plough, was, chat they were approaching to a state of exhaustion from exces sive cropping. Thii view; which the rotation of crops and the face of the country .suggests, is confirmed by the statistical facts, which show that its power of supplying the wants of other countries is greatly diMinished. The return of peace, after more than .10 years of extensive warfare, is commonly supposed to have increased the pioduetions of the soil, and to be the cause of the depreciation of prices, which has been the general subject of ceanplaint in every part of Europe. in Poland there has been no sensible increase , ofuumbers, except within the last six years, when. German's, eon grant work people, to the number of 250,000, have established themselves in the different trades to which they have been tur+ customed in their native country.. On. comparing the surplus quantity of bread corn which Po land has exported in a series of the same number of yeais, we ►hall see what has been the falling off. In the 11 yeast' (see Appendix; No. 15), beginning with 1795, and ending with 1805, theexport4 of wheat front the mouths of the Vistula were 5,059,198 tt► iptei ,tr44 4 :14098'a year; lit ilk. e r.tge of the period. In the 11 yearihheiriniling in 1816 and entliog with 1825, the exports from the sante )!orts were 1,889,01.27 41u.at0 , 41, or on the average of the period, .01,729 quarter. per year. I tt the latter period, indeed, 78,885. tool-dd. of flour were exported: quarters; and supposing them to be wb,ten flour, will, inmate the quan tity 39,132 quarters, reckoning that two b;trrels are the'proiluee of one quarter of wheat. in .tir first of th € 410.0 ,0 wind years, t t h h a e t :s he :67lW i rt io B at l te v ; El. I' , 68.0:096, , - • - • The period* here contra tAlt wtre .iotit•teaeout of genera trail- ___.__............, s . i quillity, eicept that d ur i ng the tint part o f. t h em the opp .... oitioa - y 1 of Kosciusco and his p ar ti sans t o the ha tdismemberment o f:P o e laud caused partinl•and t e mpo rary di stitr b anetti;' but the d - O not , appear to have affivted the quantity of its agrienltitral produces. I ft is tree, that ill the firStiteries, there were in England' two - or three deficient harvests', and itt the last series but one ; the : effe.i . of that one was to raise prices so high as to induce the er : port of the Whole that could he got away. Had there been more grown, it would have been eagerly exported : and we find a the .- elid of the year 1818, the Stock, both at Dafintie and Elting was only 98,990 quarters. Though We imported in the - ,year 1131 9 from 'all. parts of the World, a Older. quantity of wheat thaw in any former , year, yet, much less et that wa*aliipped front the ports liy which the corn is Conveyed down the Vi s t u l a i s exported.— The three years of our greatest importation, as appear by account , ' laid before the house of comMone, have been 1802, 1810, and - 1818 ;in the first of tin the exports from Dantric and Elting were 040,494 quarters. In the year 1510 (see Appendix, No. 1,51 ,the French *ere in nnssession of the country, and the ex= pa ' a ll' carried in a contraband way, were 267,277 quarters. li *with high prices at Metric, viz.'•64fu 11d., the ports of `t ' dNitig open, the exports were :386,789 quarters. e calculate esti. the consumption of wheat itt Great *item' i • is urns quarter for each person for food, and about a seventh part .wore for seed and minor rorpoSes, it will appear that in. the first ' ~,, ther series we have been comparing, the quatoity of Wheat ex ' partettfronrPant 3 / 4 17And4lbingWould with the then amount of our • populatiOn, 11.000,0410 0 ,*ab1e to equal, 12 days' censumption. , In fact, .however, out of ttae 5,0440 varters of wheat, which Dantzics'exported, 1,i390,014 were dispatched tip other conotries. As we have only the gross eipoeti remit Eirditg, wlthout dititio guishing what was sent M.Great - Britain front what Was sent 'else where, it may not he incorrect to assume that ene4carth, ia'front l)antzie, was not sent to our - markets,. and then there frig* , a- further reduction of 299,205 . qu'arteia.. Tli, gill I;:tetite whole . quantity really pirnlshed to us lit the II )',:41 . 8, r.,1ii9.944 ipar tors, or an annual qOahtity of 314,640 vt/ tars, being equal to about nine dais of our tmnsiiittptidn. , At the seeontrseries mit population hadadVanced as numbered in 1821; the'middle year of that , series, to 14,900,000. The quantity of wheat sent to rut frOm the Vistula had deilined, ,end during the 11 years had been' 1,252,..271' quarters, or 118,814 annually, This would be equal to the whole of I our I.consuittpOott for betwixt two or three days. In the Appendix, No, 24., is shown the iVhole expert of corn from Danttie, the the last 189 years. Its those tables, it ap pears that the wheat exported .front that city, ' derireT that long period, was 19,58.1,947 - quarter,i, or 117,988 quarters on the annual average of the period. In fact, the whole that liantzic has exported in 'I (G years is not equal to the ennsumption of this kingdom, with its present •popfilation for more than 15 or Ilk months. The annu a l importation wodd . uot now amount to two days and three qunrters consumption. •• • • ' ' It appears by thaofficial account of the, itutlet , heir( nr Thorn, on wheat descending the Vistula, (see Appetulir, No. 19.), that a very large proportion comes out of, territeries cow forming: an immediate part of Russia, which once were, but no hmeer are, parts of Poland. I. had communientimi with several proprietors of estetVa WhOirproptgty is partly in one aml•Pattly in the other country, atelityailed myself of all • means Within toy reach to ac ,- , quire a Itturtsidgt! of the netual produce ofgrain in both, The provineett from which . the best, and most of the Wheat is transmitted, ere Volltynia aed ./ - iiiclitliit, which were seined 1 Russia, in. the ;division of 13elarid• in 1796; end are now distinct provinend gOvtonments, retaining their•ancieitt names and usages. .‘, ~, Voltynia is represented to be a district .of extrittirdioesy.44lo - The pastures are said to he !mordant, the grass growing so hi g h a s aho u g to hide the cattle, and yielding the richest notariske ment to them. The Corn is said to iucrease in common years ten hdll, in spite of ita4 i ngriculteire.; end 4 failure, or very deficient harvest, does not etettrAtro or Ogee timesina century. On referting,•honiver, to the official harvest returns of the Russian empire, as quoted in the Erdebrsehreibting of Hassel, a I German work of the highest authority, it will be seen that, in this province, the increase.of grain in the year 1802 was very little more than four times the quantity sown. The Russian tschewert, being reduced into English quarters, reckoning the taehewert at two-thirds of the quarter, the follow ing result appears.:...-.. tiowecl.—Wiliter Corn I )1 ttl)- 7 SUllittier llitiO 1 ted—NVinto r Corn Ditto..-Summer ditto Used for Seed, for S.Winter Co the next, year Sututuerr. ditto Quai.ters. tkV,4lifi 3,10,244, G 55,700 1,1149,65te' 1,277,340 2,026,832 30,804' 314',9911 . 6 1,4,800 There consequently remained, of Winter torn I hltatinier.slo; 960414 • 1,9ti2,082 I of which 1431,606 Ostlers were consumed within .the pro.. since; and 3rio,4titi quarters were exported, or rotained in the cotudry et the next harvest. Of this surplus, .route pare ) must have been barley or oats ; and as the. winter cart* eonsistS of six tillle9 as inu,.ll rye Its wheat, it is. out pro4 l .l6'}tiutt this dis frill, very rich when compared with the other parts of the Russian: dOulinions„ eould have furnishea to conitherce WOW roarientoof when in a VW, when .the exports from Dantzie nre YpTy, 474‘ar, and the prices of the year preceding had been iiiit i ngrand very high. As the communication by water from this provineL- is more easy to the flack than to the jlaltia.Sea, its surplus corn will more frequently be conveyed to Odessa than to Dantzie. . Podolia, like Volltynia, is represented as highly fertile ; and by the 4601 accounts, extracted front the statistical writer before tinoted, appears to present, the year referred to already,' a greater rate of increase in the seo.l that has been sown, than Volltynia. Being to the smith of Volliynia, it is, still more easy of access to the Black sea than that province, and holier removed front comuninication with England through Dantzie. It howevtn, deserves nt b, letnarlted, that the naviga tion of the Dug and the Vistula is bettor than that of Ate Doit.s4tor, because the latter river has many'sliallowo tool ripifts, 40 come t t l i t a t at i t i t i vis wit ti o Ll n la. by Ih e e j t liust ate sti o r; t t h tf e titnteuraklpliai t , 1 1, %,. )a h n ic tz h i, o . ' 4 i t l n l d he oi lt h ez a ec . The Muss to both those markets it so diflscult, th'at only when a scarcity in with Part ,of Europ e r a i ses the prate' to an unusual height, i s any cansiderable quantity attempted to 1* transported, Vilien 'the corn is' citti it' ti left a !Ong time . in sheaves in the fields till , it c:an and harass. When e tp ' hr t ee ll so r e ei rpNi ! ? t ,: e it f itiloi tt ii, r 4:x : c(f r : a atitv t : h rt:o e tri r :til t Nilvg t e o lli t in l a :l h t ouor . t a t ticir O e. l te l laa t urn : ,4ill ; ei h .yh ' tiat o iltiei.iiite:it it either called forth by pens, till it is destroyed by cern worins or other irevets, It appears from the vtlicid autunite, that in the year 1802, the following were the results of the cultivation of corn • Sowed--Winter i Corti Ditto-- : :Sunnier ditto Quarters 295,16 S 551,620 644,803 flartmiied_Winter Coru Ditto--siiimuer ditto 1,644,271 ,4R7,076 3.067,tAfi. Uted, fur head fur the next year—Winter Cunt 2f.)7,W) 4 Stunrupr do: :3h€,,476, _ _ -- -- 0,5b,7'30 Thvrir cabsequently rem..ine,l - 'au bare ("firwip 4 : 3,ill7 Wi4 a ter 0 iittt,' l / 4 , , m 1 . ti 9$ )' 1 s , ~' , , • , 4 41t 16 Of which 1,172,211 pihrOpre Weir riiii4te,Witli, i, _ ll r°, !in,l' 906 quarter* Iveru iltileV*, en, or ry : e n Ili tito l'ro i , ive Whaler the f .110wingliirivere , '' , ' ' '' ,'I ~ ', . , , 00 yr 4' , 9 11 T4 0,, tE1'• '' •" -. 4 ' ' , . e• .