The Sun. — London, England, 1810-08-11 00:00:00

adopt r. the protediou of our cotn- ,oeree and navy. - An embargo to prote& ships of war ! This is in deed putting-the dart before the horse. We are to. have a navy for the protection of commerce; and all ,our measures in relation' to it are. calculated on the basis ot keeping it, , ' (poor thing !) .Itke some sickly ci , ild, out ot 'harms way ! On the same prin ciple of economy on which 'the navy yard is kept tin here, viz. for fear that merchants and others' Sil:Th hi come two competition with the Goveinment, I pi esuine We. have / Sent •abrOad - for ii;irikaten 'to carry on the public . buidings. It the navy-yards. are to be kept up here merely that it. may be under our eye, I would' humbly gliggest, Sir; that ite first pluck out the beam that-has long blinded us.—We nezd only do that, t see this building falling to pieces over our heads; :mod yet an enormous appropriation is called ,for towards finishing it, - which I • have no doubt rny.worthy coileagne over the way (Mr. Lewis), w tit press very strongly before the 'close di the Session. 1 had forgotten the gun-boat"; 'and perhaps t:te best notice which can be taken of them-:'is that which is - taken on so-rte occasions of other th'ngs; to pass by them with contempt. They ire not worth bringing: into account, except - for their "expence. Children Must have toys and baubles ; , and we must indulge 'otirselveS in an •-xpenc6 of many millions, ou this ridiculous play ttong. • But, Sir, the sale of our superfluous vessels met with the !kb objection, that they were to be purchased up by Christophe 'and .petion.; and. that the con-. stituents of my colleague (Mr. Basset) are to be terrfied, if not into bodily fear,. at least out of their I), ace of mind, by these vessels ; and at the same time we are told that Christophe was in such good creitit only forty miles off,"that vessels are. building at Bal!iitiore for his use ; and yet, Sii, n 44.• Gentleman has brought forward a Bill, making it' penal to supply these barbarians with ships of war and warlike stores. In other words, Sir, to avoid the possibility of Christophe - and his s seamen •fonndering on board these rotten hulks, my col .lea4ue would : much rather drive him into Balti more, where he c . iin purchase good vessels, which will answer. his purpo%e much better than atese frigates which . the barbarians-would not know haw to manage, iaid which are not calculated, from thpir great dranght, for predatory warfare in the West Indian seas. !lily worthy colleague, too, has given 'us a curious illustration of the superiority of ;mild over military force, by comparing the. navy of Great - Britain with her army. I suppose, if the argument were re.torted.o - n my colleague, by a comparison of the army of Buonaparte with his navy, he would say that the same amount was not there expended upon the army ; whereas, in England, the amount of money expended, 6n each• is equal. But does not my celleague know that one, and the chief cause of the superiority of the British navy over the army is, that in the navy men rise by merit—that they do not gee in, ('o use a seaman's phrase) " at - the cabin wiiidol4 ;"----and that the army, if we give credit to the P.-irliamentary investigation, is a mere, Sink of correptiou;a mere engine of patronage, and pl :ce in which 'a corrupt Commanderin,Cbief icls according to .his vile pleasure, and the pleasure of all the pimps', and parasites, and haT!ots, who en viron him I• This; Sir, is the cause of the superiority . " of the naval over the military force of Great Britain. But When'the British navy shall have etfeated• what the armies of s 'othir nations-from time imnierriorial have done, when h shall. have subjugated whole continents, then will I, agree in the superior power, of eaval over military force. I have no hesitation, in saying, that I would rather vote for naval than tnistary force ; and it is, because a naval force has not the same power as a - military ; I have never heard .of a despotic power created by a naval force, unless perhaps in the chieftain at a band of pirates. With respe&, Sir, to this patriotism; or this re publicanism, that has left the - tObacco fields and cotton plantatiols, and taken up its dwelling in the counting-house, I beg leave to express my doubt of the faet. I never have had that high opinion of the m e rcantile class expressed by some Gentle men ,in this House —I think of them as of Other men ;. that in proportion to the temptations to which• they are exposed, so are they virtuous or otherwise. But, Sir, I have not, and cannot have confidence in a man to, whom the Great Emperor has given a fraternal squeeze, whose property is se questrated at Bayonne or St. Sebastian'; I . disclaim any thing like personal allusion—l speak of a class cannot hive the confidence on the subje'a of Our foreign relations, in a man so situated; that I can have in the planter or farmer, whose property is growing on his land, around the house in which he he nightly ,sleeps ;• and why 1 because, minas mu tandis, I : should not have the same confidence in myself. Ishnuld not believe - it , possible; if I had rich cargoes under s equestration in France, that I could vote tree from the bias which the jeopardy of that.property . would throw on nay mind. In the course of my observations, I think I for-- got to mention, that when the United States kept 40 sad of armed vessels afloat, and employed 8000 searnen, we had no navy-yards at all. If we had, there must have been some extraordinary oversight ,';ornmitted bythe then Secretary of the Treasury ; (and I believe politicians were not any more apt then than now to omit any items of public expence; they crowded in all they could). In the estimate which I cold, in my hand, there is no item of that exp,-nce. And I hope, if the House agree, (which God turbid !) to so much of the Report of the Corn. ►nittee of the whole as retains the frigates and ships of war, that they will at least consent to cut ;:own the navy-yard at this place, and break do% n the supernumerary marines. 1 hope, at least, that tl►e marines wil► be reduced, and that we shall re tain, at least, not mole navy-yards than ships. BUONAPARTES COMMERCIAL POLICY. ITS DIREFUL EFFECTS ON THE CONTINENT. • An article, of which the following is a transla tion, has been very extensively, though covertly, circulated upon the Continent, where it has made a deep impression. Thu agents of France at Hain bnrgli have offerect 4 reward at 6no crown; to wt.:)- . ever will initirol agai-nst the writers and printersOf it ; and-the 'possession of copy is subjected to a penalty of 300 crowns. Tit fads and the reason ing will befonnd to be extradei .from the very ti teresting and- able work lately published by air FRANCIS IYIVERNMS, " EffeaS of the Continental. Blockade ,upon the Commerce, &e. of the.. British -.Wands ;" w/I;ch the ruinous operation of that Measure upon the Continent, and its complOte potence as asainst this *country, is indisputably established. " Lamentations of the Continental Nations of Europe upon the. interruption of their Commerce address ed to all the Princes of that part of the world. 44. SOIIEREMNS, PRINCES, FATHERS OF NATIONS, " Deign to listen to the complaints extorted from us by that universal system of prohibition to which our commerce iss el übjeed. Tne justice and the high importance of, these complaints are sufficiently Clethonstrated by the afflicting condition to which the people 'of the Continent are reduced. ." Now that this system ot. commercial warfare against England, from which we were taught to ex pea such mighty advantages, has been carried on for some years, -we may be permitted to inrjuire whether it has in fail been productive of any a&an tage to tis. • - From this . inquiry we shall find that while the Continent is every day more and wore embartassed, imgpwerished, and distressed, Great Britain ad vancing in a course of prosperity and wealth, and feels none- of the ruinous consequences of the re straints by which we are fettered. - Sp far from it, she every year has been, able to render herself more and more independent of the 'Continent ; to open to herself new channels cf foreign commerce, and to discoVer within herself, new means of supplying all .hei wants in the same manner as the attempt which was made from 1793 to 1796, t o . starve France by depriving her' of all foreign torn, only serving to develope her resources, and to stimulate her to an improved cultivation of her own sod. At.present England is supplied with corn from America, Barbary, Sicily, and from her growth at home,. wnere cultivation is every year exteude - d and improved. In addition to this, she has 'etfee.ed a great saving in her consumption, by prohibiting the use of 'barley in her distilleries, which are now con fined to sugar. This is beneficial to her in another way, by taking off, at a fair, price, that. surplus quantity of 'sugar which the Cunt:tient is 'prohibited from teceiving. " Wine she Obtaing front Portugal, Madeira, the G r anary Islands; the Cape of Good Hope, Sardinia, Sicily, Spain, Greece, and indeed through Many channels from France itself. " South America furnishes her with hides, and .North America v.ith timber; hemp she gets from Bengal, and she will soon raise enough of this article for her whole demand in Ireland, where very exten sive marshes have been drained for the cultivation of it. From thence, La, she supplies herself with yarn and linens. " She has rendered herself independent of Russia for tallow, partly by the substitution of oil; and partly by the use of inflammable gas. Froin the coal which is employed in the produdion of this gas, she extract, pitch, tar, rosin, and a sort of tur— pentine; and she has discovered that the fish 'of her own . seas s iii furnish . her with as much 'isinglass as she mar_require. " Iu her silk Manufactories the - raw material of India and China is Sound capable of being used wit bout the intermixture of any other; and her clothiers have been equally successful with• British wool/. With respect to, the exportation of her own produce, the European blockade atfects4Grem Bri tain SO little that her manufacturers nre scarcely sen sible of it. Such is the prodigiously increased and increasing demand for her goods throughout India and America. " In ti it is proved beyond a doubt by the mc;t, authentic public documents, anti by the testimony of the most intelligent and impartial travellers, that the industry, the commerce, the public revenue, and credit of England not only base not sustained - any diminution, but, on the contrary, have been iliCreaS ing, and that every class of her population is in a state of occupation, pro;perity and comfort.. If we re verse the picture, what dreadful evils are suffered on the Cortinent ! Our ports are closed, our ships can no longer be employed in carrying on that trade be t Ween different parts which their different circum stances render indispensable, and which cannot be conduCted by land carriage. Thus the intercourse which is essential to the social system of the Conti nent cannot be maintained. The Southern nations can no longer exchange their wines, their oil, their bilk;, Scc. lot the corn, the hemp, the linens, the tim ber, the iron, and the tallow of the Northern. In every country there is an' accumulation of their sur plus produce decaying and perishing. They are un able to purchase with it the most necessary foreign commodities, and thus they lose all motive and all inclination to exert their own powers of production. Another source of distress to, the Continent is, the want of many articles which England . furnished, and the privation of which has thrown many industrious persons out of employment. Raw cotton and yarn, dying goods and different drugs, were articles of Ibis sort ; and what adds to the evil is, that the Conti nent is not suffered to purrThase from America those of them which she could supply. The mischievous effeds of this prohibitory system do not confine them selves to one or to a few branches of the trade and industry of particular nations. All the happiness, all the habits of industry throughout the whole Con- . tinent are affeded by if; every apartment is pervad ed by embarrassments, obstruclions, and oppressions of various sorts. The very means of correspondence by the Post Otfice, whether upon topics of trade, of literature, or of private business, or friendship, are restrained by it. Upon the coast, the inhabitants are precluded from their old occupation in . the fishery they lose their maritime skill and habits, the natural . ntirsery of seamen is rendered unproduc tive, and all hope is taken from the continent of again becoming, able to establish a navy, military or commercial, capable of contending with those of England. ‘ It is by no means eid merchant alone who suf. tlattivan—z Lisbon, i Dublin. Ml—. 4 Cadiz, i Water ford. , . PRICF•OF STOCKS THIS DAY AT TWELVII O'CiLOC/C p Consols - -64 i THE S UN. SOLEM QUIS DICIRL FALSUM AUDEAT ? LONDON. SATURDAY, AUGUST 11, 1810. Dispatches were this morning 'received from Lord WELLINGTON, dated Alverca, July 25. It appears that the advanced corps under Brigadier-General CRAUFORD, consisting of the 43d, 52(1, and 'gsth Regiments, with part of the 14th Light DragoJns, and the Ist German Hussars,,a troop of Horse Artil lery, and two Battalions of Portuguese Cha,sears, having remained upon the right bank of the Coa, in order to give countetnance to' the garrison of Al meida, were attacked in the morning of the 24th by a division of the French army, of which a large proportion was Cavalry. Notwithstanding the vast superiority of thek enemy, our troops successfully misled every atempt to break in upon. them M3twl and, after,a severe- ac. on, ra",A\l tueir rMre'“ the best 'order across the C though not vi ii.lict: considerable loss, 'wild), ;needing wounded amounts to a tiout fzi7o men. 'After our troop bad crossed the Coa, the enerai made three desOerate attenapts. to carry the bridg e by assault, but were repulsed every ritue with gr ( P t loss. • • Lieur-Col. 1 2 -lum. and Capi. CA ttaorr are ar los the •British killed. The British Inf4ntry, and lb° ad Portuguese Chasseurs, are replied to:have distio' giaished illemselves gteatly in, this and the 43d and 95th Regiments are those which tine suffere d most. . - Wben the Dispatches catne away Geti - 6-ai was .wahin two days. march of Lord NVELLLNGTON* This morn%;g we received Portuguese Papers to the 30th ult. It appears that some movements of importance have been made both by the British ova . French armies,. but from the manner in which till are mentioned in these papers, it is difficult to spea l with any precision upon the subieti. • It is howeve,t positively stated, that. General s HlLL has marche d 'from•his . toimer position to Castel 8,.• for t he rauco . purpose of joining Lord WELLINGTON : this mo te; talent . was Prob;ibly"tnade inconsequern, Genera l of, RSGNIER having marched to the northward, in order to forma junaioit with MASSE JA. It is reported, upon Are authority *of some lette rs from America, that a Treaty of Alliance; oftelJs ill6 and detens . ive, • has•been signed , at Washingtorl, 134 ' tween the United States and the Spanish RevQ itl- Lionized ,Colonies in South Arnerica.. • 3i • Thursday Dr. Do NnAs visited Princ es s Am" !tip 4.1 , and' remained with ti er Howl niginaess up"' 4 ' of an hour, and then retuned to Richmond. .on,l'hui say his MAIE , STY Il>oit ' ilTSUStlai ITIOr f " airing c ing horseback: in Wi n d or Park, a " jisl s ; panied by Pripc csses AUGUSTA. and SOPHIA/ - DE did also yesterday mOrning'Writh the same Pei}' cesses. ci Princess AmEf..l.A. continues in a fair w ay recovery. _ • sic Among the officers proceeding to Cadiz, ar e r ,„j W. EttsitikE, and Brigadier General HAY. 'lf •" ,f — r , Nye. ! ..L4NGTO N shall he . forced to retreat, we tull i , stand Government mean to form an: army io „ j i 1 South of Spain, and to keep considerable detiw ° tnents aflnot to Larass the French at every point• - ,., This day General MIRANDA and the two.D4' l ,fi from South Arrierica.are.lo Visit tile Bank and 'oil Tndia House". Gee" it is said;_ . V O , sesses one.ot the most valuabl e libraries in Fdor. 4 l;, He, has made a: great collection of scarce anu cul l • hooks.and manusyipts. - - - ill ) On Wednesday Commissioner PUGET dined .; the Court of East . lndteDireCtors, preparatory t°1`,,,1 final depai lure fur Madras. He .is to take his pas'' by in his Majesty's ship Bartitdoes, comtnolid ed ,I t Capt. FIODGSO : which ship is now fitting o il . ' 4 ; 4 Stn head, and. Will: probably sail the first fi4ir wii , _. . after next week. ' i for. Orders went down to Canterbu r y on Mouu3Yass training the Militia r eg i m e nts i n garr i son to 1 13 , of the field pieces with the drag ropes. op On Monday a grand slim fight will take pla ce . y , Clapham Common, consisting of the Ist s o rr %' Lambeth, Christ Ch urc h, W answort h , Clarba' ) and several other Volunteer Corps in Surrel• s The following is an extract from a letter rec eicts from Lisbon LISBON, JLI t.y 16.,—We have no news from lb ! army later than the 23d, w h en no a l terat i on 0 , I .. 1 ,. tiou had been made. 'We have heard this 11 30111- .. a report, though without any foundation, that are,re treat was in contemplation ffotts. Alverche, the 1) ,,,,r sent head-quarters. I do not beliete t he ruOl ii myself; • though there are many that do. The Fr' ll , a , seem endeavouring to get round Lord ‘Sit./. 11 ; 05 Tort, The. skirmishing continues as succ , -25 ,1 u o p usual : it . is calculated that the enem y nave lost I .lei i Men. The' Light Horse particularly distingoi' l l o , themselves. It is . reported Generals Hitt. all(' the MANA are ordered to join Lord W ELLINGTO N, °S 4(0 French are too strong near Badjoz. Provisions:o plentiful.. A Gentleman is arrived from the a rll i .who states , that accounts have been receive ] di e t the French are sickly, and. not less than 10, 0° li ef them are in _the hospital s o f S a la manca, ant i cA t lie depots. Two thou Sand men have deserted from French." The DeputiJs from the newly-erected G n ' t e , , o4 s Mem of the Carac c as, w h o arrked here sonic t ej ago, are aoout to return home. We •understali d t leave this country perfectly satisfied with lb - d a d ceplion they have met with from Government' er the result of the negociation, into which ail h e ir instructed to enter, which was conducted on part in the name of ISHRDINA ND VII. su bject njoi' approval of the Council of Regency, e stablish i e .io Cadiz. It is e x p ec t e d t h at s ome commercial f ac ., 4l „ -t td° very advantageous to the Caraccas and this Compe' will result from the discut , sions between these puties and Government. k 11 3(' The Merino s he e p lat e ly arr i ve d i n Col- - pi' boar, have been put on shore at Marino, nea r d sage. Their fleeces are remarkably fine, a r L er d ready they hale attracted a considerable numb amateurs in the breedin g li n e. Th e Spanish b e i e herd and his dog, who continue with the floc ks 'l objets of n., small curiosity to' several- 41 ' e 0 0 4 exhibits a piaure of rude pastoral manners lo t° in these islands ; and notwithstanding the no ls vii of our climate, he pre s erv e s his own coun try 0 t o and sleeps on the g r o und w r a pt i n hi s blanket° dpi unseparated from his flock, and attended b • - fait h ul dog. In consequence of a wager that there were Irish than English executed at the front of gate, the opinion of Mr. Jack Ketch w as taken, said, " he believed it xwas a l ie,7 fern by these. multiplied and comiAlcated restrain ts. Every „person ' conneaed; • how;yer remotely, with commerce,, or who, has diiecqed any poriion ot his capital or indttstry to any of,,iis_var,iotas brineries, participates in .the calamity, and by the operation of these measures in restraint Of 'lreedOrn,.we see the very sources of. wealth and litosperity, one alter another, dried up. Thus pet sons Of every, descrip tion, pronied men, -manufacturers, brokers, clerks, agents of . every kind, persons connected with the sea, b.hrge-ow ners, packers,- carriers, and persons of other, occupations, whose brembis taken from them, tho Se. who were employed in the manufactute of clothing ; furniture; ; in short the whtile of that _numerous set of persons whositbsist upon the. wages of , the labour which the rich- have been accustomed to require from them, sensibly feel the interruption of the circulations of commence, and are already volved by it in different degrees of distress. Nor is the agricultural part ot the community by-any mem's . exempt from this distress ; the husbandman ip vain loOks for those customers Who . heretofore flocked to him with ready money to purchase his wine and the other produce of his soil. It cannot be Wondered.at, that in' such circum.: stances the countryman is disheartened from sow ing his fields and planting his vineyard, and that this neglea of cultivation should prejudice for years the produtlive powers of the soil. It would be easy to enlarge upon these topics, but surely enough has been already said to prove . that the Continent cent- 11 - not continue to support the stagnation which has taken place in the ordinary in!ercourSes of, life.. • . " But more than -This, how is it to be inna&ed that nations can. continue to pay taxesmpo , nions, and contribwions, after the channels o of income have beau closed ? It was a wise Observation of Prince Eugene of Savoy,- * " Nobody complained of a very great, but very.equitably distributed tax, which I plopo . ied throughout the whole kingdom, because I z at the sathe time allOrded it means of in crelsirig its commerce, which had not before been thought of." " Thus then it is to the interruption of commerce that we must refer the :extreme distress under which the continent of Europe, from one extremity to the other, at present sutlers distress which a continental peace alone cannot suffice to relieve. ' " Even these countries of thecontinent in which_ the frigtrtful cry of war is not immediately heard, feel them Selves oppressed and deprived of their strength, they are IA itholit resources for the present, without hope fi.r the future. Ali persons who have the means propose to emigrate to Englatid or Ame rica, and amongst those to whom . this plan of relief is denied, how many have already perished under their sufferings! There is one other consideration, which it can not be believed that Governments will regard With indifference—the shocking want of integrity and good faith which these privations and ,distress are rapidly iotroducing. Heretofore a ready obedience was , paid 'to laws, because the tendency of those laws was to promote'the welfire of the people ; but the new s) stern, which denies to them the means of providing for their subsistence, reduces them to a . sort of stupefa6ti o n t hey can Scarcely, believe in the reality of such prohibitions, and they allege their disbelief, as . an excuse for their disobe dience. In this way they habituate themselve4 to contempt of the laws and the public authority. — What a host ofctiminals must such a state of things create! How many, under the influence of want and desperation, will have recourse to fraud and rob bery ; and having no legal means of pursuing their occupations, will avail iberpsives:of those which itre illegal. Hence arise false oath and the bribery of the officers employed i to enforce the laws, so that what little giinful theinost cor rupt hands, and the most grievous severity of distress falls with all its weight upon persons of the strictest integrity. • " Princes! Parents of your - People !' You, who hear their complaints and their "groans—it is you whom our prayers invoke-in you our hopes seek a refuge--you will be our intercessors—you will bear our lamentations to the throne of the Great Napoleon —you will convey to his conscientious feelings that inforrna►ion contenting our distressed and. critical condition, which, doubtless, has never yet been fairly laid before him. With his powerful arm, with his genius it rests to save us, utterly: Jo put an end to the iestraints under which we are perish ing, and to construct a new system in unison with the accomplishment of' his great designs. May you enjoy the inestimable felicity of reigning over' sub jects, happy, contented, grateful,, loyal, and vir tuous This is the greatest blessing which we can implore Heaven to confer upon you !" * Memoirs of Prince Eugene of Savoy, Ed. 1809. p. 146.