The Sun. — London, England, 1838-12-14 00:00:00

COURT CIRCULAR, WINDSOR, THURSDAY.—This afternoon her Majesty took her accustomed airing. The Queen rode on horse back, attended by the Baroness Lehzen, the American Mi nister, the Hon. Miss Murray, the Hon. Major Keppel, Colonel Buckley, Viscount Melbourne, Sir Henry Wheat ley, Mr. P. Thomson, and, Lord Glenelg. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent did not leave the Castle. The following personages took airings in ponycarriages : The Lady of the A mer i can Mi n i s t er, t h e H on. Mrs. Bran d , the Hon. Miss Pitt, Lady Rivers, Lady Albemarle, Vis countess Torrington, and Lady Tavistock. The Lord Chancellor and Lord Howick took their de parture this morning for town. The Hon. G. S. Byng will arrive this evening to join the Royal dinner circle. Although preparations have for some time past been going forward for the Queen's visit to Brighton, her Ma jesty's departure from Windsor was not finally determined upon till yesterday. The route for the Scotch Fusilier Guards reached here at nine o'clock last night, and early this morning four companies of that regiment, under the command of Colonel W. Drummond, marched hence for Brighton, where they will arrive on Tuesday next, the day her Majesty will reach the Pavilion. At the Privy Council, held at Windsor Castle, on Wed nesday, a proclamation was passed for preventing meetings by torch-light. The proclamation was prepared in town yesterday, and was forwarded at half-past one o'clock by Mr. Lennard, from the Council Office, by a Messenger, to Windsor Castle, for her Majesty's signature. Lord H ow i c k transac t e d b us i n es s y e st e rday at th e Ad miralty. The Bishop of Barbadoes transacted business yesterday at the Colonial Office. The Hanoverian and Prussian Ministers transacted busi ness yesterday at the Foreign Department. The French, Austrian, Turkish, and Russian Ambassa dors transacted business yesterday at the Foreign Depart ment. Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial De partment from the Governor of British Guiana. Despatches were forwarded yesterday from Downing street for Lord Melbourne at Windsor. Desp a tefies were received yesterdayat the Foreign De partment from the British Ministers resident at the Courts of Brussels and the Hague. Reschid Pasha, the Ottoman Ambassador, had an inter view with Viscount Palmerston yesterday at the Foreign Office. Despatches were received yesterday afternoon at the Colonial Office, from Colonel Cockburn, Governor of Hon duras. Despatches were received in the morning from Governor Light, at British Guiana. Captain Hindni2rsh, R.N., K.H. (late Governor of South Australia), had an interview with Lord Glenelg, on Monday, at the Colonial Office. Captain Hindmarsh transacted business yesterday at the Colonial Office. The Judicial Committee of her Majesty's Most Honour able Privy Council sat yesterday. Lord Brougham, Mr. Baron Parke, the Judge of the High Court of Admiralty, and the Chief Judge in Bankruptcy, were present. An appeal from Lower Canada, Duchesny v. Pothier, was con cluded. Mr. Baron Parke, on the part of their Lordships, dismissed the appeal, with costs. His Lordship then re tired, and Mr. Justice Bosanquet joined the Committee. The appeal, Gordon v. Tinturier, from St. Lucia, was re sumed. Mr. Burge, Queen's Counsel, was heard for the respondent ; and Mr. Sergeant Stephen (in reply) for the appellant. Judgment was deferred. FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE. ARRIVALS. The Earl and Countess Somers, at Thomas's Hotel, from Eastnor Castle, Tewkesbury ; the Hon. Percy Ashburnbam, Ashburnham, and Miss By, at ditto, from Tonbridge Well s; Mr. Lowther, P., in Grosvenor - sq uare ; Lad y Elizabeth Pelham in Upper Brook-street ; Mr. Wombwell at Vr• Orb y Hunter's, in G rosven or-place; Mr. Harcourt °well i n Old Burlington-street • Lady Hutton Cooper in Lower Brook-street ; the Hon. Lady Maynard Heselridge in uPper Brook-street ; the Hon. G. Murray in Wimpole act,reet ; Sir George Seymour in Piccadilly; Mr. Fitzhu g h in b r '.,tanhop e ..stre e t, Mayfair ; Lord and Lady Er nest Bruce, in ` -i irzon-stre;•t, from a visit to Earl and Countess Bruce, at Sa- It n aehe-lodge, near Marlboroug h, Wilts; Sir Charles Ogle, in Bel grav e...square, from Scotland; Mr. Hervey Aston (Ist Life Guards), of Mivart's Hotel, from Brigh ton ; Baron PClarges-street enirt de Pilsach, a t d:tto, from Brighton; Lad y Mar y Ben flick, i n tom a tour ; the Rev. T. Holton , and Mrs. Hulton, at the Pu- ltene Y Hotel, from Devonshire ; Sh aw + L Mandey, Esq., Mrs. Mat;cliry, and family, at Marshall -14°InPson's Hotel ; William Peareth, Esq. and family, at to, f rom t h e N or th ; Captain and Mrs. Martin , at ditto ; Mi ss Kin ton, at ditto ; J. Usborne, at ditto; the Re v. J. v _ aighan and Miss Vaughan, at the Berner's Hotel , fro m T‘u 71:411, Bristol ; Mrs. Fr e wen Turner and Miss Frewen Turner at ditto, from the seat of T. F. Turner, Esq. ; Mrs. e Aubrey, at ditto, from Montreal, Canada ; J. Gordon, Esq., at o ditto, from W en d over H ouse , Wendover, Bucks; Thomas Jier Esq., at ditto, from Liverpool ; J. Majoribanks, Esq. at ditto ; the Rev. G. R. Bartlett, at ditto; J. Nicoll, Esq., At ditto. DEPARTURES. His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury, from Lambeth palace, f or hi s sea t, Addi ng ton Park, near Croy don ; the M arquis of Camden, from Grosvenor - s treet, for his seat, The Wilderne ss Kent ; Colonel Hugh Baillie, M. P. , and M rs. Bailliefrom Mortimer-street, for Brighton ; the Hon. and James and Mrs. Norton, from the Pulteney Hotel; the je ts °. Lady Hartland, from ditto, for Brighton; Sir G. Clerk, 11;r., Lady Clerk, and family, from Marshall Thompson's t el; Capt. and Miss Hope, from ditto for Brighton ; ,aptain Stanton, from ditto, for Brighton ; the Rev. Mr. -( 4 r G e oke from ditto; the Rev. Mr. Taddy from ditto; Master M r gory, from ditto, for Birmingham ; J. Lechy, Esq., and ;;( 8 . Lechy, from the Berners Hotel, for Hastings ; Mrs. f l.allet from ditto ; the Rev. R. Wallace and Mrs. Wallace, j t°4l ,, ditto, for the Rectory, Thorpe Abbotts, Norfolk ; i'avvbridge, Esq., and Mrs. Sawbridge, from ditto. • We are sorry to hear that the Duke of Wellington is indisposed at Strathfieldsaye. The Duke and Duchess of Leeds arrived at Hornby Castl e niz the Ist inst. from Scotland. We arc concerned t "? Stat e th a t th e D uc h ess has been indisposed for some Ir ne past. The Dowager Marchioness Conyngham has been at , l latlock, in Derbyshire, for some time past, in atten dance on her brother, Mr. Wm. Denison, M.P., who, we ( r e haPpy to say, is r,,covering from his recen t alarming in- IPosition. The E ar l o f S urrey ar:ived in Hyde Pa rk- p lace yes t te rday, f rom Li tt l e H am pt o n, His Lordship, the Coun ei nd family, intend to pass the Christm as at Arundel t a le Lord and Lady Francis Egerton left S andon Hall, W here the Noble Lord and his Lady have b een visiting fall Earl o f H arrow by, on W e d nes day last, for. Worsley Al, Lancashire. t ,,The Lord Chancellor and Viscount Hovvick re to town yesterday from a visit to her Majesty at W indsor Castle. „ The H on . Ch ar l e s Compton Cavendish, Lady Ca therine C aven di s h, an d f am ily, arrived at Hamilton Palace, a 4 Sat ur d a y l as t ; th e y are now on their way to Penrith , 4 n d , in ten days' time, they are expected at Lat i mers for t he Christmas holidays. Lord Willi a m Russell leaves town on Monday next t °join the pasty at Woburn Abbey. to The Right Hon. F. Shaw has left tow n on a visit S ir E. Kerrison, who is entertaining a distin g uished party at his seat in Suffolk. if Mr. Round, M.P. for Maldon, has left town for scat, Banbury Park, Chelmsford. On Saturday there will be a grand meeting on the vi w t at B a d m i n t o n, and from a large party having been in vited d by the Duke and Duchess of Beaufort, a splendid is expected, this being the first grand day since the arrival of hi s G race a nd family. At the close of the ensu i°g Week, a distin g uished circle of noble Nimrods will ar ie to hunt with the Duke's hounds. Among others his ° High ness th e Duke of Lucca. FUNERAL OF SIR JAMES A. PA RICE.—Yes "aY morning the mortal remains of Sir J. A. Park were I , 4 l "eved f rom B e df or d- square , for interment in the fam il y t ll4 at Enwi c k c h urc h, Enwick, in the county of Durh am. he carri ages o f t h e L or d Ch ance ll o r, Vice-Chancellor , 4 ord ll to Denman, Lord Abinger, and others, amounting in pi _ 21, f orme d a p ar t o f th e melancholy cavalcade , an d u.eaceded as f ar as t h e f oot o f Hi g h ga t e -hill. bee A LMACK'S.—A rumour has been ptevalent in the I,l..monde fo r som e time past, that the Lady Patronesses tze rrOck's have nearly come to a resolution of being as :sive in the possession and use of their assembly rooms d A rY ar e in th e se l ec tion of their society. The Charge l e( Caires of the Lady Patronesses is said to be on the pl ae ":at fo r premises in the neighbourhood of Waterloo- , Parrnparative eiwilation of the London Evening th,r er s as extracted from the official returns published by 4, - 0 41 4 Office for the oix months (row April 1 to Sep- Total, Six Months. Daily Average. S UN ..... .... 750,000 Standard 523,000 Globe 450,000 ... 2,890 Courie r Ile ft i, f CHARLES DUKE DONNE, Registrar . y e sterday of War rants Office, Stamps, and Taxes, Oct , 20, lB3B ft b oo z e sterday morning a young man named Parry,. a sql: ak er, residin g at No. 12, Carburton-street, Fitzroy- And b e, Jumped from the third floor window into the street f or 8 roke m eek. He had been in , g 4esponding state oille tivriogto the death of his mother. LITERATURE SPA RA'S' S LIFE OF WASHINGTON. 2 VoLs, Colburn, London, MS. Mr. Jared Sparks's Life of Washington, in addition to the scrupulous accuracy of its details, which have been collected with much care from the best sources, official and otherwise, possesses this great advantage over all preced ing biographies of the illustrious founder of American in. dependence—namely, that it enters at considerable lengtl into the particulars of his career previous to his appoint. ment by Congress as Commander-in-Chief of the national armies—particulars which till now have been most unac countably slurred over, as if they were of little or no mo ment. We have plenty of full-length portraits of Wash ington, after his name had become famous throughout Eu rope ; but the sketches we have of him in his earlier days, when he was fighting side by side with Braddock against the French on the Canadian frontiers, are few in number and unsatisfactory in essence ; in short, mere outlines—the present volumes, therefore, supply a material desideratum, and indeed may be regarded in every respect as the most valuable addition that has been made of late years to our stock of biographical literature. The author commences his work by a brief account of the ancestors of Washington, from which we learn that the family was first known in England " about the middle of the thirteenth century ;" and that " proofs of its opulence may still be seen in the monuments erected in churches, and the records of the transfer of property." In the year 1658 a grandson of Lawrence Washington, Mayor of Northampton, emigrated to Virginia, where he became a successful planter ; and where, in 1732, " near the banks of the Potomac, in Westmoreland county," his celebrated great-grandson George was born, whose father died in 1743, leaving to his widow " the weighty charge of five young children, the eldest of whom was but eleven years old. This important charge," adds Mr. Sparks, " Mrs. Washington executed, with great fidelity to her trust, and with entire success. Her good sense, assiduity, tendern , ss, and vigilance, overcame every obstacle, and as the richest reward of a mother's toil, she had the happiness to see all her children come forward with a fair promise into life, filling the sphere allotted to them in a manner equally honour able to themselves, and to the parent who bad been the onlyguide of their principles, conduct, and habits. She lived to witness the noble career of her eldest son, till by his own rare merits he was raised to the head of a nation, and applauded and revered by the whole world. It bas been said that there never was a great man, the elements of whose greatness might not be traced to the original characteristics cr early influence of his mother. If this be true, how much do mankind owe to the mother of Washington !" There is much truth in Mr. Spark's remark about maternal influence, in proof of which we may adduce Napoleon, who has left it on record that the seeds of ambition were first planted in him by his mother, who taught him to " aspire," as the one great object of existence, stimulated him to action, and, in fart, fashioned his character, and made him the man he was. As in the instance of this im perial despot, the martial tastes of Washington broke out in early boyhood : " Tradition reports that at school he was inquisitive, docile, and diligent ; but it adds that his military propensities and passion for active sports displayed themselves in his boyhood ; that he formed his school-mates into companies, who paraded, marched, and fought mimic battles, in which he was always the commander of one of the parties. He had also a fond ness for the athletic amusements of running, jumping, wres tling, tossing bars, and other feats of agility and bodily excl.. cise. His probity and demeanour, too, were such 'as to win the deference of the other boys, who were accustomed to make him the arbiter of their disputes, and never failed to be satisfied with his judgment." " 'Tis childhood shows the man," says Milton, and the above passage is a case in point. The subjoined is equally characteristic : " It is singular that a schoolboy of thirteen should occupy himself in studying the dry and intricate forms of business ; but many pages of Washington's school manuscript books, which have been preserved, are taken up, with copies of, what he calls, Forms of Writing, such as notes of hand, bills of exchange, receipts, bonds, indentures, bills of sale, &c., written out with care, the prominent words in large and various cha racters in imitation of a clerk's hand. But the most remark able part of the book is that in which is compiled a system of maxims and regulations of conduct, drawn from miscellaneous sources. Some of these are suited only to childhood, others are of a higher import, fitted to soften and polish the manners, to keep alive the best affections, to impress the obligation of the moral virtues, and above all, to inculcate the practice of a perfect self- control." At the age of fourteen, just previous to his quitting school, young Washington obtained, through the influence of some of his relations, a midshipman's warrant in the British navy, and was preparing with a " buoyant heart " for his departure, when his mother insisted on his abandoning the scheme, which he did, though with great reluctance. How different had been the destinies of the New World, had he persevered in his determination to go to sea ! In stead of being what she now is, an independent Re public, America would most likely have remained to this hour a British Colony, for of all those who drew the sword in her behalf, there was none but Washington who proved equal to the exigency of the case. He was the only first-rate military genius that appeared during the war —the only one fitted, by a combination of the rarest qualities, to take the lead in a national struggle. On quitting school Washington went to reside with his brother, at the family seat, Mount Vernon, where he became acquainted with Lord Fairfax, who had come out as a settler to Virginia, in which country he held large estates. His Lordship soon learned to appreciate the high qualities of his young friend— " Indeed, so favourable an opinion had he formed of his abilities, that he entrusted him with the responsible task of sur veying, his vast property ; and he set off on this expedition just a month from the day he was sixteen years old. The enter prize was arduous, and attended with fatigues to which he had not been accustomed. After crossing the first range of the Alleganies, the party entered a wilderness. From that time their nights were passed under the open sky, or in tents or rude cabins affording but a treacherous shelter against the weather. The wind sometimes beat upon, and prostrated them to the ground. Winter still lingered on the mountains, the rivers swollen by snows and rains, were impassable at the usual fords, except by swimming the horses; the roads through the woods were obstructed by rocks, s xamps, and precipices." The boy of sixteen, however, triumphed over all these ob stacles, and established " his reputation as a surveyor," then a lucrative office in America. At the age of nineteen he accompanied his brother Lawrence, who was in bad health, to Barbadoes, where the latter died, leaving George the fine property of Mount Vernon. On his return home, after an absence of four months, Washington was appointed by the Government of Virginia " Adjutant-General, with the rank of Major," of the local militia, which had been re cently enrolled, for the purpose of defending the frontiers from the incursions of the Indians, 'While holding this honourable post, " intelligence came that the French had crossed the lakes from Canada in force, and were about to erect fortifications on the waters of the Ohio." Washington was, in consequence, dispatched on an expedi tion, which had for its object the entering into a treaty with some border Indian tribes—an object which lie successfully accomplished, but not without a world of difficulty. Shortly afterwafils he was appointed Commander of the Virginian forces, and set. a long toutin pursuit of the French, whom he came up with, after and toilsome march, in a spot called the Great Meadows, which he described in his report with true professional gusto, as " a charming field for an encoun ter." In this neighbourhood a smart skirmish occurred, in which the French were defeated, and their Commander, M. de Jumonville, killed. Various other actions were fought, in all of which Washington acquitted himself with marked ability, and at the close of the campaign, received publicly the thanks of the Governor and Council of Vir ginia. Alluding to this, his first essay in arms, Mr. Sparks says of his heroic countryman— " Thus commenced the military career of Washington, and thus terminated his maiden campaign. Although as yet a youth, with small experience, unskilled in war, and relying on his own resources, he bad behaved with the prudence, address, courage, and firmness of a veteran commander. Rigid in discipline, but sharing the hardship's and solicitous for the welfare of his soldiers, he had secured their obedience, arid won their esteem, am;dst privations, sufferings, and perils that had seldom been surpassed." Shortly after the close of this campaign, Washington re signed his command, in consequence of the Virginian Go. vernor having projected a scheme, the effect of which would have been "to reduce him to the rank of a Captain, and put him under officers whom he had commanded." But though thus slighted, this high-minded man would not aban don what he conceived to be the duty he owed his country, and, accordingly, he engaged in the service as a volunteer, under General Braddock, with whom he remained up to the period of the disastrous battle of Monongahela, which was fought between the French and English in the year 1755, on the Canadian frontier. Mr. Sparks's account of this conflict is highly interesting The officers and soldiers were now in the highest spirits, and firm in the conviction that they should within a few hours victoriously enter the walls of Fort Duquesne. Early in the morning all thipgs were in readiness; and Washington was often heard to say, that the most beautiful spectacle he had ever beheld, was the display of the British troops on this eventful day! Every man was neatly dressed in full uniform, the soldiers were arresis:ed in columns, anti marched in exact order, the sun gleamed froes their burnished arms, the river flowed tranquilly on their right, • and the deep forest oversha dowed them wits solemn grandeur on thew left. Officers awl men were equally inspirissed with cheering hopes side' confident anticipations. At one o'clock the whole body had crossed the river, and al ruGo3,t at this moment a sLaip firing was heard upon the j a.dFanced parties . , :.yho were ascending a hill,. A heavy dischargk Axe jrlLlSketry 1 , 774 iseured in upon their front, which was the first issi s eThgctsc,e they sss,d of the proximity of an enemy. They w e re illtA with the greater ,-;;;;isternation, as the gring seemed to proceed from a i n invisile be, Ge neral hastened forward to the relief of the advanced parAlep ; hut before he rpch the spot, they gave way, and fell back upoa the other ,co4,aimis striking the whole mass with such a panic, that no order c09.1d Af i tor;4ifds restored. , The General and his officers used every eifort to pear but in vain. In this state they continued nearly three hours, huddling together in confused bodies, shooting down their own officers and men, and doing no perceptible harm to the enemy. Meantime the French and Indians concealed in the ravines and behind trees, kept up an unceasing discharge of musketry, singling out their objects, taking deliberate aim, and producin g a carnage a l most unparalleled in the annals of modern warfare. More than half of the whole army which had crossed the river in so proud an array only three hours be fore, were killed or wounded. General Braddock himself received a mortal wound. During the whole action, Wash ington behaved with the greatest courage. He rod e i n every direction, and was a cons pi cuous mar k for the French sharp. shooters. By the all-powerful dispensation of Providence,' says he in a letter to his brother, I have been protected be yond all human probability or expectation; for I bad four bullets through my coat, and two horses shot under me, yet I escaped unhurt, although death was levelling my companions on every side of me.' So bloody a contest has rarely been witnessed." The fatal result of General Braddock's enterprize spread an alarm throughout Virginia, and all eyes were directed to Washington, whose courage, sagacity, and self-possessi on had been eminently conspicuous throughout the campaign. Ile was consequently induced to try his skill once again in arms, and after several months spent in continual hardships and contests with the French and Indians, succeeded in capturing Fort Duquesne, and bringing the campaign to a fortunate termination. In the year 17.59 he married the widow of John Parke Custis, " a lady three months younger than himself, and distinguished alike for her beauty, accomplishments, and wealth." Long before this however, "He had felt the influence of the tender passion. At the age of seventeen he was smitten with the graces of a fair one, whom he called a Lowland beauty, and whose praises he re corded in glowing strains, while wandering with his surveyor's compass among the Allegany mountains. On that occasion he wrote desponding letters to a friend, and indited plaintive verses, but never ventured to reveal his emotions to the lady who was unconsciously the cause of his pains." The strange admixture of business with sentiment that appears in Washington's character at this period, is truly edifying. Imagine him wandering about the American mountains with " a surveyor's compass" in one hand, and a copy of " plaintive love-verses" in the other ! Immediately on his marriage, Washington retired to his favourite estate at Mount Vernon, and " from this time till the beginning of the revolution, a period of fifteen years, he was a member of the House of Burgesses in Virginia, being returned by a large majority of votes at every election." The time was now at hand when his sphere of action was to be enlarged, and he was to stand proudly forward as the first soldier, statesman, and patriot of his age. On the breaking out of the disturbances at Boston and elsewhere, owing to the injudicious conduct of the British Legislature, Washington took a decided part, expressing it as his firm conviction that all ratnonstrances with the mother country would be useless, and that nothing would hare any effect, but an appeal to arms. The result showed the sagacity of his opinion ; and when the struggle was at length resolved on, Congress unanimously appointed him Commander-in-chief of the American armies. His career from this time forward is well known. After bear ing up against difficulties that would have broken down any spirit but his own, he achieved the independence of his country, and then with rare magnanimity retired into pri vate lite, refusing to receive even the smallest remunera tion for his glorious, and indeed unparalleled services! Mr. Sparks relates the following interesting anecdote of him at this period : " The time had sow arrived when the Commander-in-chief was to bid a final adieu to his brave companions in arms. This affecting interview took place on the fourth of December ; at noon, the principal officers of the army assembled at Frances's tavern, soon after which their beloved commander entered the room. His emotions were too strong to be concealed. Fill ing a glass, he turned to them and said, With a heart full of love and gratitude, I now take leave of you ; I most devoutly wish that your latter days may be as prosperous and happy, as your former ones have been glorious and honourable.' Hav ing drunk, he added, ' I cannot come to each of you to take leave, but I shall be obliged if each of you will come and take me by the hand.' General Knox being nearest, turned to him. Washington incapable of utterance, grasped his hand, and embraced him. In the same affectionate manner he took leave of each succeeding officer. The tear of manly sensibility was in every eye; and not a word was articulated to interrupt the dignified silence and tranquillity of the scene. Leaving the rooms he passed through the corps oflight infantry, and walked to Whitehall, where a barge waited to convey him to Paulus Hook. The whole company followed, with dejected counte nances, testifying feelings of delicious melancholy which no language can describe. Having entered the barge, he turned to the company, and, waving his hat, bade them a silent adieu I" This pathetic interview will remind the reader of the similar one which took place in the court-yard of Fontain bleau, when Napoleon bade farewell to his Old Guard. Washington, had not been long in retirement at Mount Vernon, when he was called by the of the nation t o th e hi g h post o f P res i dent of thefUnited States. His conduct as a statesman was quite equal to what it had been as a soldier. America was never more prosperous than during the period of his legislation, which was marked, in every instance, by moderation, foresight, and decision. On resigning the President's chair, to which he had been twice elected, Washington hurried home to his favourite Mount Vernon, where he expired on the 14th of December, 1799, in his sixty-seventh year, after an indisposition of a few days, brought on by a neglected cold. "In person," says his biographer, Washington was commanding, graceful, and fitly propor tioned ; his stature six f ee t, hi s c h est b road and full, his limbs long and somewhat slender, but well shaped and muscular. His features were regular and symmetrical, his eyes of a light blue colour, and his whole countenance, in its quiet state, was grave, placid, and benignant. He was not fluent in speech, but what he said was apposite. He seldom attempted sallies of wit or humour, but no man received more pleasure from an exhibition of them by others. Without austerity on the one hand, or an appearance of condescending familiarity on the other, he was affable, courteous, and cheerful ; but it has often been remarked that there was a dignity in his person and man ner not easy to be defined, which impressed every one that saw him for tke first time with instinctive deference and awe." Such was Washington's exterior. His mind was worthy of such a noble shrine. Though habitually of an ardent and even passionate temperament, yet his self-controul, exercised constantly from his earliest years, enabled him to overcome it, and he was seldom, if ever, found off his guard. His sagacity was of the highest and rarest order, and, joined to his decided genius for war, bore down all oppo ,ition before it. But perhaps his most distinguishing characteristic was his magnanimity, which was quite god-like in its essence. With the power of raising him self to the perpetual sovereignty of America, he nobly disdained all thoughts of self-aggrandizem en t ; and died in the possession of a mere private gentleman's com petency, when he might have amassed the wealth of a Crcesus. His natural modesty was so great, that nothing embarrassed or vexed him so much as allusions to the -sa crifices he had made for his country. How different in this respect from the self-laudatory bulletin-manufacturer, Na poleon ! In a word, Washington may be said to have ap proached as near to perfection as the imperfect faculties of human nature will allow ; and is beyond a question the greatest man that the eighteenth century has produced. BILL OF FARE Olir THE GREAT WESTERN.-- Ai a specimen of the dinners provided on board the Great Western, our readers may take the following bill of fare : Breakfast-6 dishes broiled ham, 2 ditto fish, 6 ditto mut ton chops, 100 eggs in omelets, 6 dishes devilled legs poul try, 6 dishes Indian meal. Dinner-6 tureens mock turtle, 2 dishes venison, 4 roast turkeys, 4 couple of ducks, 4 dishes roast beef, 4 ditto cod fish, 4 couple of chickens, 6 dishes fried oysters, &c., 4 ditto stewed oysters, 4 ditto boiled mutton, 4 ditto maccaroni, 6 ditto baked mashed potatoes, 6 ditto mashed turnips, 6 ditto potatoes, 6 ditto parsnips, six ditto plain potatoes, 6 plum puddings, 6 custard ditto, 6 raspberry pies, 6 apple ditto, 6 cranberry ditto, 2 cherry ditto. Choice wines in abundance.—Bristol Mirror. The diamond necklace presented to the Queen by Resehid Pasha, on behalf of the Sultan, contains some of the finest diamonds that have been seen in this country. The value is estimated at above 5,0001. Her Majesty thanked the Ambassador in French, and gracefully placed the necklace on her beautiful neck. The Duchess of Kent's necklace is also very fine, but the diamonds are smaller than those i❑ the Queen's. Her Majesty has re ceived a cadcau from the Queen of Belgium, containing one dozen pairs of velvet slippers, elegantly embroidered, under the direction of the Queen herself, by a first-rate artiste at Brussels. They are worthy of the prettiest foot in Europe, which, by common consent, belongs to Queen Victoria, and are much approved of by her Majesty, who has for some time preferred velvet slippers to any other description of chausszir. Lord Thurlow had received a strongly recommen datory letter of a young gentleman for a living in his Lord ship's gift. He did not much like the recommender : but, acting impartially, said to his secretary, with whose attend ance he rarely dispensed, " Show him in !" The gay can didate for prefe rment put himself through the d oor , deli cately dressed, a nd re d o l ent of what was then cons id ere d a beautiful perfume, " l aven d er water." Thurlow looked at hint for 4 nunute, and th en sa id to t h e secretar y, " Show him out !"—Nero 1 11077111111 Magazine, Three Irishmen pretty well primed with whiskey, werc reeling home along the banks of the Liffey , last week, when fine of them, w h o was d escan ting on the virtues of his favourite licinor, w hi c h h e declared to be meat and drink to man, fell off the quay into the river. 9egh," . exclaimed one o f 116 companions, !`sure you're now prPF4ecl for i for you had mate and drink, and faith now you've gond washing and lodgittg74 Qn Wednesday evening a labourer eipploYeq PP" the (4 rer,:; yYpstern Railway was knocked down hy an en gine, hefore he ccuici bep pti f t of the Way, and so severely injured that, on being take to'*, q e p rg c's tioso9l, he sh,crtly - after hisadmisaign, ' THE SUN, LONRON, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1838. RAILWAYS. We have seen a model of an improved method of constructing the upper works of railways, by Mr. Motley, civil engineer, of Bristol, which, according to our opinion, deserves the mature consideration of all Railway Companies. We have also been favoured with the sight of a beautiful model of his design for a bridge over the floating harbour of Bristol, consisting of two elegant side arches of cast iron, with a drawbridge in the middle, of larger dimensions, it is believed, than any in Europe ; and notwithstanding its extraordinary dimensions and weight—each leaf, with its counterbalance, being about 50 tons—yet it will be so well counterpoised as to be opened by two men, in as many minutes ! The mode of hanging the leaf is novel and ingenious, as the balance is so nicely ad justed as to rest of itself, at any point, from the hori zontal to the vertical position, without the assistance ( - 2 / graduated weights or chains. We were also pleased with Mr. M.'s ingenious experimental model for deter mining the superiority of cast-iron arches at the sides, which, it appeared to us, would undoubtedly be more economical, at the same time afford greater security, in consequence of casting the iron arches so as to prevent longitudinal thrusts ; for though cast in the form of an arch, they are in reality girder beams, conse quently will require less expensive masonry. For the information of our railway friends, we requested Mr. 111. to furnish us with a few facts, which he has obligingly done, and which we insert below. We do so the more readily, because Mr. M. does not antici pate any immediate pecuniary benefit, but freely com municates his ideas for the use of those who may feel disposed to give the plan a trial, which we think so simple and effective, that it will very probably call for at least public approbation, if not pecuniary reward '0 THE EDITOR OF THE SU.N. Agreeably to your request, I here furnish you with a few observations by way of explanation of my plan fbr the upper works of railways. At the last meeting of the British Association, Mr. Herapath introduced to its notice a plan of mine, for laying longitudinal timber bearers edgeways, resting, every two yards, on cast-iron angular sleepers, the principle of which was admitted by Mr. G. Stephenson and Mr. Donkin (the President and Vice-Pre sident) to be good ; but the former feared the expense would be objectionable, although the expense would be at least 25 per cent. less than the actual cost of that portion of the line between London and Maidenhead, and, in my opinion, would be kept in good working condition at from 50 to 75 per cent. less annual expense. The plan I now propose is simply to cut the bulk-tim ber angle ways, so as to produce a triangular bearer which offers a larger resistance to depression, and increasing the stiffness nearly 50 per cent. I propose to bed these bearers with the angular downwards, with the broad surface level with the surface of the ballasting, and to unite each, by what is termed halving together, secured by bolts, and on embankments to connect by transverse bolts, every two ards, by means of iron bars of 2or 2 wide, and in. thick, to have a key-hole at each end so as to clear the thickness of the timber bearer at about six inches below the surface of the bearer, which may be let in edgeways from the sur face of the timber, and when the bar is in its place the remaining aperture to be filled with hard wood, so that the timber bearer would not be injured thereby. To these bars I propose to key the transverse bolts—the rail I propose to be of similar form to that used on the Great Western line except that they may be half-an-inch deeper, and be fastened down with screws as the Great Western, or if preferred, by means of iron bolts let in through the deepest part of the timber every three feet, and secured at the bottom by a key, the bolt to have an oblong head to nearly fit the hollow in the rail ; a keyhole to be cut in the side of the bridge of the rail to admit a wedge or key to be inserted through the sides and the head of the bolt, by which means any degree of firmness required may be at tained. I propose when the wedge or key is driven to its place, the small end to be cut off, and the end burred to pre vent its getting loose by the vibrating motion of loads pass ing over the rail, which can be easily tightened at any time with a hammer. The advantages which I think will be attended by the plan proposed is, first, economy and expedition in fixing or laying down, superior steadiness when down, greater longitudinal stiffness, but most of all the faci lities it alfords of packing, by which I think at least 75 per cent. will be saved in the annual expense, or between 200/ and 800/. per mile per annum less than the calculated ex pense of the London and Maidenhead line. That longitudinal timber on embankments are superior to short tr a n sverse b earers, w h en they are properly con nectedderedthaast p l r a o n p a o i s ta a d l, in m al us b t ea b r e ers obv partake when t h e i t p i is o c p o e n r s t iy i us ' of suspension. Thus, if the embankment at the outer edge were to slide away for two or three yards, suc h would be the tenacious property of longitudi nal bearers, properly united with the rails, firmly fixed so as to secure the junction qf the timber by cross ing the joints, that no dangerous or injurious deflec tion could take place, unless the load was so great as to tear the wood and iron asunder, which the ordinary loads even of the ourrageoasly ponderous engines now in use would not effect. It has been suggested by the eminent en gineer of the Greenwich Railway, that it would be best to have the iron-rails in lengths of not more than seven feet, for two reasons in which 'fully concur. lst. To accommo date contraction and expansion ; and 2dly, the convenience and economy it affords in the expense of placing and replac ing in case of required repairs. I am very respectfully yours, &c., THOMAS MOTLEY. ANGLO-BELGIAN BANK.—In our communica tion, the 24th of last month, we informed the public that the King bad already honoured with an au di ence the founders of the Ang l o - Belgian Bank. We have received intelligence this day that the statutes of the Society have been some time in the hands of one of the King's Minis ters, and it is probable, from the actual state of circum stances, that the Government will receive this enterprise very favourably, and that they will wi th out d e l ay, give the nec essary authorisation for the commencement of opera tions. The first sum to put into circulation is 2 5,000,000 francs, a great part of which has bee n su b scr ib e d b y bankers, m erchants, and other great English capitalists. Several of the subscribers have commercial relations with Belgium. The circulation of such a capital must have the most favourable results for the rapid progress of our com merce, if it is, as we have received intelligence, that the two principal objects of the Anglo-B e l gian B an k are to discount all kinds of bills without any regard to the number of signatures, and to advance money on personal security as they do in Scotland, under the name of cash credits. Small capitalists of the country, who find it so difficult to pass the ß ir ei b g i i l a ls o , Bwailolkh.e 'This o m u u g c h h t a to cc b om e m v o e d ry ate a d gr b ee y ab th le e the greater part of our merc h ants and manufac tnAuernivegsris°.; In order to circulate as much as possible the ad vantages which their man ner o f procee di ng will offer, the Bankproposes to establi s h b ranc h B an k s i n the principal t ow ns of Belgium, and to put the direction of these auxi liary establishments in the hands of local administrators, with discretionary power, so that they may act as indepen dent bankers, only they will be under the beneficial so control to theo h f o en a tn d e General Administrative offerto oo r readers C o someuncil . f u r ticulars relative t o thi s great national enterprise. — B russels Independent. _ l t, B h V , e e . r u h s p s o a e p r is e e. NEW PLAN FOR SOFTENING THE HEARTS OF LITIGANTS.--At a late meeting of the county of Ross, held at Invergordon, on the subject of the proposed new Prison Bill, Mr. Ross of Cromarty, an active county " gentleman ( says t h e Inverness Courier), and a judicious improver o f hi s estate, sported some strange notions on this m a t ter. said, that when he Among other curious things, he cuss the complaint by reasonin d g with the parties h , and with ractise as a Justice, eused to the aid aid of a little whisky used to make them shake hands and go home again, and he wished some of his brethren would follow his example." This (says the Courier) is an excellent plan of l aw reform ; right and wrong are put on a beautiful footing o f equ a li ty . E very j us ti ce -ro o m s hould b e pro vided with a grey-beard. Difficult cases, however, would require the frequent application of the quaich, and there might be some trouble occasionally with a sturdy Atheist or Presbyterian, or a greedy Jew, as to the exact quantity re quired to produce peace and good-will. A man who had his potatoes s t o l en or his head broken, m i g h t a l so, i f he was of as obstinat e di sposition, require several d rams b efore he was willing t o s h ake hands with the other party ; b ut a scale could be adopt e d — such as a g ill for making up petty cases ; half a mutchkin for making up graver offences, 4e, If this failed, the incorrigible rogues should 14 handed over to the Justices who convict the juvenile apple-stealers. Of course, if this system were generally adopted, the Justice whisky would req u i re to be provided by a county assess. ment, levied in the ratio of population and crime, N o Jus tice should be allowed more than his proper share to dis pose of, and any persons fowid guilty of making up sham cases, in order 4 get the whisky, should be punished with the utmost severity of the law. Under sueh a j4dicious system of morality and managemeak, all Prison Bills would indeed be an e#4,l3tY name T.—S colsman. T Appwct inque s t s were held yesterday, the otke at the le Tree; Derrinffton-street, Cloekeu:vveil, the other at . . the Royal Oak, P • ei street Lisson,-grove on Or hoclioi rnie : - , , .. of inlaris wino bac( been suffocated by hi Aga. ii 0v,,,,1„:,,. - thew, mothers ii b,ed. Atl ktil 4 AbtiS ) ... - ' OtigniAl de4tht" ".. by ...4 verdict was " Ac. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. FRANCE. A pamphlet, entitled Le Roi Regne et peel Gouverner, advocating the monarchical principle that the King should direct as well as controul the policy and operations of Go vernment, is circulating in Paris, and it has been asserted by several Journals to have been printed at the expense of the Minister of the Interior, who, it has been further said, has kept a considerable number of copies for distribution. This report the Moniteur contradicts, and maintains that the Minister was not aware of the existence of the work in question, except by seeing it mentioned in the public prints. The author of the pamphlet gives, as an anonymous signa ture, the initials " H. B." A Royal ordinance authorises a supplementary issue of 6,000,000 f. in bons royaux, to beaddedto the 150,000,000 f. in circulation, according to the credit granted by the Cham ber, so th a t he sum total of bons royaux issued at the end of the year will amount to 156,000,000 f. Other ordinances grant the following extraordinary and supplementary cre dits :—To the Minister of Public Works, 64,126 f. ; to the Minister of Public Instruction, 145,000 f. ; to the Minister ofthe Interior, 17,916 f. " The Minister of the Marine," says the Journal de Paris, " has referred to the Colonial Commission several questions which involve the prosperity of our foreign settlements, as affecting their internal regulations. It is said: that three Members of the Council of State have been named by the Keeper of the Seals to take part in the inquiries of the Commission, the customs of the Colonies being frequently so entirely in opposition to the laws, that they give rise to repeated differences and destroy the moral influence of the authorities. The Minister has also called the attention of the Commission to the question of the suppression of the slave trade. Numerous documents have been collected for elucidating this point, the results of which are likely to excite distrust in the most sanguine partizans of the eman cipation of the blacks. It appears that the proposition made by M. Psssy to the Chamber of Deputies for the gradual emancipation of the slaves, keeps the Ministry awake on the subject, and that the Cabinet feels the want of replying' by means of f ac t s to th e remons t rances w hi c h the colonial system gives rise to." We find the following in the Commerce Our readers may recollect that Rear-Admiral de Moges,. soon after his arrival at Martinique, sent home a remonstrance to Go vernment on the state of trade in that colony, requiring the commercial interests of the mother country to take the sugars that encumbered the warehouses of the colony, and, in the event of refusal, declaring that he would of his own authority permit their exportation direct to other countries. The French commercial interests have remained deaf to the appeal, and the exportation not taking place, and the prices remaining low, a deputation from the trade of Mar tinique has demanded permission from M. de Moges for the exportation in French bottoms of 6,000 casks, which were in the entrepots of the colony. M. de Moges has refused the auth or i zat i on, an d hi s re f usa l coming ater his formal declaration, has greatly lessened his influence in the colony." FRENCH FUNDS.—Pants, DECEMBER 1.2. Five per Cents.. 109 f. I ICC 109 f. 95c. 90c... Latest Prices—.llof. Four and a Half per Cents. 106 f. 50c. I tire. , per Cents., 79f. 60c. 55c. 50c. Ditto 79f. 6.5 c. Bank Actions, 2,7151...... Ditto 2,705 f. ftente de Naples, 99f. 75c. • Roman Five per Cents., 10114 ......... Ditto 101% Spanish Actives, 16%%, Belgian Five per Cents., 101 N. Belgian Three per Cents., 71f. 10c. Belgian Bank, 1,34 q. 1,3:0f. 1,310 f. 1,300 f. Ditto 1,300 f. Haytian Loan, 4551. 402 f. 50c. EXCHANGE ors LONDON,— ine month, p5ner.25f.27%c.; money,2sl 25c. Diree months, paper, 25f. 15c. ; money, 25; 12X, r." SPAIN. General O'Donnell, Commander in Cantabria, who op posed the projects of Munagorri, has been replaced by Bri gadier-General Hozo, who lately defeated Merino. It is the English Ambassador who has obtained this change. O'Donnell is appointed Viceroy of Navarre. Munagorri continues to occupy and fortify his position in the line of Amezcoan ; the English assist him in these works ; his soldiers are well paid, and lodged under tents. Van Helen has carried off all the wheat, and the bells from the Carlist villages, which he passed through, in Ara gon. lie has likewise brought away 50 Carlists, among whom there are several women. He has gone from Calano towards the camp of Carimena, where he is to join Ayerbe. —Le Constitutionnel. BRUSSELS. BftussErs, DEC. 1 1—People's minds are much excited here by all the political reports. Yesterday orders were given to the Regiment of Guides to form two new squadrons, and we are assured that the four which are already organized are going to set out for the province of Limburg. It is again affirmed that King Leopold intends to go to Paris, in order to obtain from his father-in-law what Count Molle's Cabinet positively refuse him. The prices of all descriptions of funds, both those of the State and the shares in private Companies, continue to decline. BRUSSELS, DEC. 11.—The avarage prices of wheat and rye during the week ending on Saturday the Bth Decem ber, was as follows :—Wheat 25f. 25c. ; Rye, 1151. 17c. per hectolitre. Both wheat and rye are therefore exempt from import duty. The exportation of wheat is prohibited, and that of rye permitted on payment of a duty of 25 centimes per 1,000 kilogrammes. BELGIAN k UNDS—Bensms, DEC. 12 Actual Debt, 2 per Cent. Roth f,child's Loan, 5 per Cent. 99 Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent. 3 per Cent. C534 Loan of City, 1832, 4 per Cent 97 Society of Commerce, 4 ,i,per Cent 142 Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent I3G National Society . —Brussels Papers, Dec. 12. AUSTRIAN FUNDS,—.VIENNA, Dec. 4. rive per Cents. Metalliques Four per Cents. Three per Cents. Rank Shares IV.3 —AllgemeineZeitung, Dec. 9 HOLLAND AND BELGIUM. AMSTERDAM, DEC. 11.—We have reci;ea the follow ing letter from the Hague, Dec. 10 : " The London Conference has pronounced its final deci sion on the affairs of Holland and Belgium. The ac count of it has been brought here within these few days from London. Four of the Powers represented at the Conference have unanimously agreed to the stipulation s of the new arrangement, and are ready to insure the execution of those stipulations by active co-operation. France, it is true, has not joined in the resolution, but can no longer oppose the positively expressed wish of the other Powers, who urgently required its assent, and it declared in the most positive and explicit manner, that though it had reasons for not signing the arrangement, it would however not op pose in any way the execution of it. I subjoin the terms of the new arrangement, and merely observe that his Majesty's assent has not been officially asked, and conse quently not given, but that from the satisfactory answer which his Majesty gave during the course of the late nego tiations to the communications that were privately made to him, it may be presumed that the arrangement of the Con ference will meet with no opposition on our part. In determinining the new stipulations, the London Areopagus has constantly taken the treaty of the 24 ar ticles as the basis, and, with the exception of the modifica tions below stated, has confirmed it in every part. The following are the heads of this new arrangement : " 1. The stipulations of the Treaty of the 24 articles relative to the division of the territory remain unchanged. " 2. The stipulations of that Treaty relative to the navigation of the Scheldt undergo a slight modification, which relates merely to the pilotage. 3. Holland must renounce all claims on Belgium for the arrear of the joint debt. " 4. The sum of 8,400,000 francs per annum, which Belgium was to pay to Holland as its share of the debt of the kingdom of the Netherlands, is reduced to 5,000,000 francs per annum. " 5. T. indemnify Holland in some degree for these sa crifices, it is relieved from the obligation of accounting to Belgium for the proceedings of the Syndicate, and of re paying to it the balance of the loan of 68,000,000, which remained in 1830 in the hands of that institution." The reason which induced the Conference to resolve considerably to lessen the Belgian portion of the debt is chiefly this, that it has been considered that it was formerly wrong in putting the Austro-Belgian and the French -Bel gian debt entirely to the account of Belgium. With this resolution, as soon as his Majesty the King of the Netherlands shall have given his assent to it, the tedious question of Holland and Belgium may be considered as closed, If France, as we hope, is sincere—if it really intends, though it the does Ili) not sign th e d ec i s i on, to throw impedi ment in way of its execution, there is nothing to pre vent the spevly establishment of a desirable understand ing beiwcon us and Belgium ; all the military preparations and movements—all the declamations of the Belgians, will hardly be able to de more than to defer this understanding for a very short time. But if France was not sincere when it deelared so expressly and eleaily through its representa tive at London its renunciation of all opposition to the exe cution of the new decision, then it will contrive to find a good opporttknity to recall its word once given b y a de cidedly expressed footing in the Chambers, as has been secuin Belgium, and suffer another line of political con duct to be imposed, on. it..—Handetsblad. AMU' ARY RUSSIA MOVEMENT' S IN RUSSIA. Lt wilt 07 4 . ( `-' f lui from f) , - 11°' Art ARIAN GALICIA , NO V. 23. ill. -• , ...e southern provinces of Russia st.atit, shat . autnorities, had every where been orderc.ci to call - out by lanticipation th e recru its for the outttingcnt of 1 L39, and to see that all was completed before the 10th of December. Those recruits were to be marched to Kiew and thence sent on to the different corps of the army of the south Those letters differed as respected the number of men, some rating it at 80,000 and others at 100,000, and others still at 120,000. The administration of the military colonies of Russia is constantly forwarding large quantities of wheat to Kichenew, to Kilia Nova, and Ismail, where extensive military stores are now being established. Waggons, wheels, timber, cart wrights tools, and a great number of other articles for the use of the artillery, are likewise collecting in those towns. In short, the Russian Government reinforces the southern army, and supplies it with sll the means of taking the field at the first signal. There is a fact, which would seem to indicate that those preparations are making against Turkey. The twenty seven divisions of cavalry, quartered in the military colonies I of Kherson, twenty-five of which are entirely composed of light cavalry (Dragoons, Hussars, H u l ans, an d Lancers,) have been dir ec t e d t o place their squadrons on the com plete war footing, whilst the two other divisions, consisting entirely of Cuirassiers, have received no such orders. The twenty-four battalions of reserve which were hitherto under the command of General Alexander de Witt, the Governor of the Military Colonies, are to con stitute the corps of reserve of the southern army, and to be commanded by General Paskiewitach, who is expected at Odessa and Kichenew in the beginning of D ecem b er. The 30,000 Austria n soldiers who lately arrived in Ga licia and Buckowina are to be formed into an army of ob., vation, which will shortly be increased to 80,000 men, and commanded-in-chief by the Archduke Ferdinand of Este, the Governor-General of Galicia.—Commerce. PRUSSIA. BERLIN, DEC. 3.—The five chief Presidents are still here. There is no doubt that nothing but good can result from the conferences of men in such high situations, and so generally acknowledged as fully equal to their vocations, and since they have been here the conviction seems to gain ground, that the cure of the evil which has led to the consultation, must be expected rather from within than from without. With respect to foreign affairs, it is probably the ques tion of Holland and Belgium that chiefly engages the attention of the Cabinet, and impartial decisions are ex pected here as fully as at Frankfort. TURKEY. CONSTANTINOPLE, NOV. 15..—The bomber of ships that daily arrive from the Black Sea increases considerably, and already far exceeds what it was in former years. In general our maritime commerce is evidently becoming (Bmore extensive. The new lighthouse in the Channel ogase), which was lately erected at the expense of the Government, exceeds all expectation; and is not inferior to the best European lighthouses. The light is visible at the distance of twenty marine miles. The news that there have been two cases of plague at Smyrna is unh appily con firmed. The m ost prudent sanatory measures have ac cordingly been adopted, and the quarantine regulations sae shipw very recks. strictly enforced. W e hear now of free Among other disasters is the loss of the Belgian schooner, Philomene, which pr4rished in a violent storm 150 miles from the coast of the Crimea. Of the numerous crew only the pilot and tine sailor saved themselves with great difficulty in a tine!! boat. They drifted about for a week, exposed te, the storm and bad weather, till they were picked up by a Turkish brim, whi c h took their' to Sin o p e , whenc4 tbr...'y have come hither in the most deplorable condition. IDEN AND RUSSIA. i:ERLIN, Nov. 26.—A change has come over the dream of King Bernadotte's ambition. I shall describe to you its cause, and how seriously it has affected his policy. When Bernadotte had been raised th roug h hi s military p, his power as Napoleon's Lieut enant, and the unnaturowessral adoption of the Duke of Sudermania to the throne of Swe den, he long maintained his popularity by studying the capricious wishes of a fickle nation, not as yet tired of its new toy. But Bernadotte, wise as he is, flattered himself, when he thought this ascendancy would last ; and, pru dent as he is, he ultimately did not avoid giving that of fence which the Kings of Sweden have so often expiated in a bloody death. • The Swedish polity consists of a nobility, and of a sort of ticrs•etat, both equally factious. The nobles, who are ca eedingly poor, are excited by their necessities to enter upon a career which will satisfy their pride and their wants. Whilst there are few prizes to be had in the way of office, the nobles in crowds are devoting their lives to the lottery of courtly ambition. When any Government has long continued stabl e , th e unsatisfied portion of the aristocracy strive to subvert it, for which purpose they sometimes as sassinate their Sovereign, as they did Gustavus. Th 3 peo ple, equal in the eye of the law, are not loath to imitate their superiors, and from time to time rise against the Government, or their rivals, the nobility—sometimes sacri ficing, to vent their spleen or show their power, some great dignitary, as when they tore to pieces Count Ferzen, during the pageant of his rival's funeral. Such are the political habits of the Swedes. On the other hand, Norway, a richer country—torn from Denmark because she adhered to France ; given to Bernadotte because he fought against his native land —Norway, whilst it has added greatly to the sway of the soldier-Kincr, has also brought great em barrassments with the gift. *Norway, profoundly derriocra tic, and long separated in her Government, will nr,t amal gamate with the more aristocratic Sweden. The kingd om and the G overnment are still held distinct., whilst the Storthings, by the out-pourings of their tepublieanisrn, keep fanning that flame of democracy in Sweden wbich undermines the throne which the Sovereign by the very act of his ascent rendered of mere elective tenure. Amidst such elements of destructionthe divine right of bon plaisir having passed from the King to the people, le Roi le malt being now le peuple le veult—it is only by a miracle that Bernadette has held on so long even by a sys tem of concession becomin.. every moment more galling to his pride. But there (Ames a day when the most paternal remonstrance grows into resistance, and the gentlest advice is deemed offensively unpalateable by subjects as well as by children, who have been too much humoured. An oppor tunity of proving this truth was found on the occasion of the legal condemnation of a seditious writer against the Govern ment of the name of Crusenthorp. The population rose to his rescue ; amidst violent turmoil, and with some blood shed, it was only after great difficulty, and during the manoeuvres of the military called out to its assistance, that the Government could convey secretly away to a. distant stronghold the flagrant offender. From this moment all the acts of the Government incurred the odium of the people. Even the liberal emancipation of those industrious native traders of the country, the Jews, excited their utmost rage. Such was the situation of Bernadotte in the 74th year of his eventful life, looking round in hopeless search to the un sympathising aristocratic Sovereigns of Europe for a sup port to his dynasty after his demise. Oscar Bernadotte in. vain took up the old game of the eldest heirs of the English throne during the Georgian e ra — t h at o f taking part with the people against a royal father. Oscar, at the time of elm senthorp's abduction, qu it te d S tockholm, spreading the re port that he had quarrelled upon their measures with his father and his Council ; but scarcely had he left than he was recalled to attend the sick bed of Bernadotte, who was near losing his life by an ominous fall from his charger„ whose fiery temper his aged hand could not curb. Father and son dissolved the prestige of the projected comedy in t he effusion of feelings more creditable to their hearts. Re3o vered from his illness, but one desperate resource occur Ted to Bernadotte's mind against the distaste of ancient `Sove reigns to his dynasty, and the turbulence of his ficKfe sub jects—the alliance of Russia. Desperate I call this resource ; for desperate and indelible was the enmity of the Swedes and Russians. The Muscovites, who fled be fore the Swedes at Pultawa like chaff before the wind, have gradually turned the tables upon their old adversa ries ; they have managed to build their capital, and to obtain the ascendancy, on those waters where once rode the fleets of the conquering Swedes, and then by intrigue as well as warfare, they have taken possession of contip;uous Finland—once the most important province under S:'wedish sway—thus cutting off Sweden, by its great o;ysical as well as moral connection, from the Continents', affairs of Europe. The hatred of the Swedes has been so impatient of concealment that even at the table of a diplomatic re presentative of the present King himself t'airty of his sub jects have been known to rise to drink 'with fierce hurrah4 " Success to the Poles!" " Confu.siors to the Russians . Sweden, placed so as to be able, on any favourable emer gency to seco n d th e i nsurrec t,, on o f the German and itsmost Polish egstrasepe, time in em the was provinces still wr ithi n g ',a Russia's l dangerous en em y, therr.dore Russia hand of Ki ng Bernadott e . The Emperor elem.:lied the bracing warm ly the proffered bargain by uniting his own im perial daughter to the brother-in-law of the h e i r to the Swedish throne—cementing thus by the most spp unequal ort and e u nex pected connection of blood, the com p ac t to support dynasty of the Soldat avour of w , ve as an ward in his return for t e h beu f t•eu.r. N or h w . was the l g a a tter back cunningßuianstiear w pr i e ll ta p ti r oz of whose already too partial th e stipulations, e arnest, the treaty of the Sund, bably some day turn still more to th e di sa d vantage of your English commerce.—Morning Post. A party with four guns bagged, at Hoddam l on Friday last, 13 pheasants, 4 woodcocks, 51 hares, and 4 rabbits—in all, 7•?, head of game. Nor is this all. A dozen head more were hit and fell, but could not, be found without too much delay, for want of a retriever.—Dumfries Courier, kn exquisite 'who once had great notoriety in Lon don, the de Geramb, now the Rev. Father Clott, a n d Procureur-General of the order of La Trappe, arrived at Lyons on the 29th ult. The Baron de Geramb has pub lished several works, the last of which, brought out recently at Paris, is entitled, " Voyage de La Trappe a Rome," '1