The Sun. — London, England, 1826-01-23 00:00:00

tclanO of the Pelted States,-one hair In !ley the Florida claims, the ether half to nay MI the 6 per cents. of 1812, under the act f en:q;icis of thy 26, 1824, 10,000,000 d. In 1832; stock at per cent., under the act of Congrees of May 15th, Deft, 999,999 d. 13c. In 1833, stock at 5 per cent. being the remain ing subscribed under the net of April 20, 1822, 18,901 d. 69e. In 1833, stock at 44 percent. being one moiety of the amount subecribtal in exchange for 6 per cent. stock of 1813, „hurler the act of May 26th, 182 , 1, 2,227,333 d. 97e. In 1834, stock at 4i per cent., being the other roomy subscribed as last above stated, 2,227,363 d. 98c. In 1836, stock at 6 per cent., being the amount issued under the act of Congress of March 3, 11194 4,745,29(k1- 30e, , •-- - Total redeemahle at the periods specified, 60,689,306 d. 27c. Total redeemable at the pleesture of the Government -20,298,2314.46c. The total amount of funded funded debt on the let October, 185, 89,9101,537 d. 72c. Theamount of treasury notes outstanding on the•lst of Oc tober, 1825, is estimated at 16,1100 d. And the amount of Min. sissippi stock unredeemed on that ilay, including awards not applied for, at 7,850 d. 17c. The foregoing recapitulation exhibits the precise amount of the . public debt now due, as well as the different periods at which, by the terms of the several loans under which it was contracted, the United States are at liberty to pay it off. Of the sum of 11,074,087 d. 79c., mentioned under the head of expenditures for 11325, as having been paid off in that year, 7,727,052 d. 19e. were on account of principal of the debt, and the remainder on account of interest during the three first •quArters of the year. Nearly the whole of the principal thus paid was outstanding at an interest of 6 per cent. Looking to the,above recapitulation, it appears, that in the year 1826, and 1827; a larger amount of debt becomes redeemable than it will fall within the ordinary surplus means of the Government to ptiy in the course of those years, viz. a sum exceeding 16 mil lions in the former, and 13 millions in the latter year. Both these portions of the debt are also at an interest of 6 per cent. In 111211, the amount redeemable is a t a po i nt w hi ch may he hoped the stated means of the treasury for that year will reach the ability to pay off, increasing as the process of red fiction advances, both by the increasin g m eans o f . t h e na tion and the annuahiberation of interest on the amount of debt reduced. But in the year 1829, only a very small amount be. eerriee redeemable-viz. less than one million, anti in the year 1039; a sum no larger. At the period of the last annual report from the Treasury, no portion of the debt became redeemable in either of those years; . and, with a view to a more equal diffusion of pay. faints, as well as to, effict a saving in interest, it was recom mended, that the excess of debt which could not, by the ordi. nary re:Sources of the treasury, be discharged in 1026 and 1827, the debt redeemable in the former year, then standing at 19,000,0004., should be thrown, in equal portions, upon the years 1829 and 1830. To carry this recommendation into effect, so far as applied to the year 11126, a loan of 19 millions was recommended at five percent., one half to be redeemable in 1829, the other half in 1830; the entire 12 millions being intended to constitute a fund whit which, in conjunction with the annual surplus means of the treasury, to pay off the 19 millions redeemable in 18211. The principal of the tecomrhendution was adopted by Congress, but tot its precise terms. An act was passed on the 311 of March, 1025, authorising an exchange of stock to The amount of 12 millions of dollars, at four and it half per cent. fur a stock (Wilke amount at six per cent., the latter being in much of the stock of 1813 as was Intended by the act to be redeemed. The act also authorized a loan to the same amount, and at the same rate of interest, to accomplish the same object ; both modes not to be pursued, it' either succeeded. The new stock of 44 per cent., whether proceeding front the exchange or • the loan, was, by the terms of the art, t o b e su bj ect t o redemp. don in 1829 und 11130, in equal portions. The proper measure, were taken to execute the act, but have prevailed .only to a limited extent. The operation of exchange which was first re sorted to took ellect to the amount of 1,5135,138 d. 88c.; and this sum, divided into equal parts, forme the t wo sums that now stand in th e general table of he debt, as redeemable in the years 1829 and 1830, whilst they have also served to (Hod. nish by so much the 6 per cent. stock of 1813. Proposals for a loan for the residue of the sum wanted werenext issued, but no offers wer e rece i ve d. The causes of the failure, it may be presumed, were the low rate of intent» and short periods of' rc. ilemption held out by t h e act, In conjunction with an activity In the commercial and manufacturing operations of the country affortilog higher inducements to the investment of capital..- This mode of deuling with the debt, whereby, through the in. strumentality of new loans, stock at a high interest is converted into stock at a reduced interest, and whereby, also, the extin, guishment of the principal is made to fall in payments as nearly equal as may be throughout a given number Of years, is evidently advantageous to the public; since it not only lex suns the national expenditure, on account of interest, but guards against the possible el:cumulation of money in the treasury, la years when it might remain inactive, towards the progressive reduction of the debt. As it is a mode fully sanctioned by Congress heretofore, it is respectfully reCAlalltsetalea on this occasion, that an act be passed at an early tiny of the Session, giving authority to borrow 9,000,000 of dollars, at an interest novesceeding in' er gent„ redeemable,. in equel proportion*, in 1829 end 1830, rder that the treasury iney he enabled to pay oft, in 1826, the entire remaining amount of the six per cent. stock of 1813, redeemable in that year. • Nineenillione, with the disposable timing which the treasury will 'probably , have at command in 1826, it is believed, will fbrm a suiricom. meneurate with this object. , Five per cent. is. named as the maximum of interest ; nutl, considering the short periods of re deniption, it its not probable that the loam could be obtained at a lower rate. The contingencies of the money-market might, indeed, produce more favourable offers ; but these are not to he minted upon with any approach to that certainty, which should form the basis of such a financial operation. Should an act for the loan of nine million* he panted, a con eiderable surplus of debt at 6 per cent. will still remain to ha provided for, for the service of 1827. More than thirteen mil. lions of the atock of 11114 becoming redeemable in 11327, the ,whale cannot be redeemed. in that year but with the aid of a Joan. A loan of six millions would be sufficient in all pro bability for this purpose, and is accordingly recommended.- The interest not to exceed b per cent., ants the amount to be also subject to redemption In 18211 and 1830, in equal portions. The effect of the two loatnrecommended, which it would to most desirable to authorise in distinct acts, would, it is be lieved, be, to enable the Government to reticent the whole of the six per cent. Mark nrllll3 and 11114 in the course of 1826 and 1827. It would also throw upon each of the years 1329 and 11130, an amount of debt equal to about eight millions and a half, instead of less then one million, eecordthg to the distri bution as at present, coining. The only remaining stock of six per cent. would don be duit of 1(015, in amount under nine millions and a half, redeevriable in 1028. Should no unfore 34mn expenditure arise, and a proper economy be kept up in the public adrninistretion, it may reasomibly tie hoped, art be. fore intimated, that the eurpl us revenue at the disposal' of the Treasury in 11128 will be eq ua l to the reimbursement or dud still). After 1830, the whole amount of debt, on the results herein assumed, would stand at about 40 millions, 11111 one half of which will be redeemable at the pleasure of the Oovernment. Nap portion of it will be at an interest exceeding five per cent., Met the principul part will be at a rate still lower. With these views of the puldie debt, so encouraging in their bearing upon its speedy, certain, and regular extinguishment, it Is not deemed.neceseary to recommend at present any other measures in relation to it than the two loans described. RI, Or THE EIVETMATE or THE ii.crEr4 Or AND EXPENnit uftz rem 180, The public revenue is derived in an amount so prepon, aerating from foreign commerce, that the state of the latter is always to be chiefly lookt4 at in every prospective view of the national income. As the internal business of the country bas warp a character of activity and increase during the present year, so has also its foreign trade, by that close connexion which subsists between them. The exports for the year ending on the 30th of September last, have exceeded 92 milli ons o f d o ll ars .— 'Me imports have exceeded tfl millions. Of the exports up, ward* of 841 millions were of domestic, and the remainder of fo reign productione. Of the imports upwards of liti,ooo,ooo were in American vet. sell. Of the exports, upwards of 81,000,000. Considering that the vessels of those foreign nations with which the United States have the most , extensive commercial intercourse, ore now placed upon a footing of equality as to duties and chair es, of whatever kind, in our p orts , w i t h t h e vessels of the United States, this beaiy . ..areas of A m erican tonnage is a siwail proof of the flourklung state of our navigation, 14 may serve to litOW how the efficient protection extended to It by the early laws of Congress succeeded In establishing it Ina manner to tweet and overcome oil competition. Before the era of those laws it Is known how this great interest languisithl-f-how little unfelt proved, before the auxili ar y h an d of Government wee stretched out, to support Itself against the 'established supe riority and overwbehrung competition which it had to faCe in rite world. 7'lle foregoing amount of exports exceed% by about 17 mil lions of dollars, the average amount for th ree y ears prece di ng. The importe exceed, by about 11 millions, the 110110 average. Whilst this large excess of exports during the past year arises chiefly from the produce of the soil, it le satisfactory to know that domestic manufacturers have lent their contribution. Of the Latter, there have been exported to the value of between five, and six millions of dollars. 'this is an excess of eight hundred thousand dollars tree those exported in 1024, and - of nude (lair s over those export e d in 1823. The progressive increase in this branch of industry is natur a lly owcritsthle to the new Witt: ?lnt tifrects of the tariff' upon the course of our foreign trade, iP other respects, bare, es yet, been but very partially disclosed. More time must elapse before such a body of successive facts can be presented und:e• it as may lay a.foundation for confident con clusiiiint. Th e l aw itself; by the terms of its - enactment, has not yet come into full operation in all its parts, and then returns in poseession of the treasury, are not yet complete, even for the .short period during which its principal provisions have had any efff.6oty. One thing seems apparent-that its etfect,, up to .the present period, - has not been to diminish the general ag gregate of the foreign trade of the country. In estimating the value of the importations for the last year, it is probable that even an increase will be found to have taken place in AMC ar.- tides on which the (kitties ware raised ; as in fabrics or cotton, 4141... in several articles composed of iron ;. whilst in .other ars 'tides of this lest material, as well ee in some articles com posed of wool, a decrease will be observable. lint a fact chal. lenges notice that can scarcely have been without its, operations upon our iinportations d uring the commercial year just closed. It is extensive changes that' were announced - in' March last in-the tariff of (ireat Britain. The trade of that country exerts such an influence upon the trade or other countries, that any important alterations in the former must always be likely, to ail'ect, to a...greater or less extent, the markets of Europe and of • the "commercial world. The larger ad mission in England- which the above changes authorized, of the - cammodities .0' other countries, heretofore positively or virtually excluded For ages from her ports, most have affect ed the.prices of a portion at least of those commodities, by the prospect of • a new vent then suddenly opened to them. This Is known to have- been the casein regard to some commodities, the duties upon -Which were lowered by. the Briti s h t ar iff , which commodities are also amongst those imported from Europe into the U n ited States. It is presumable th at it may have been the case in regard to others less distinctly known.— Hence the- additional value of foreign merchandise imported into the United States during tile past year, -• cannot, in all cases, be taken as the trite measure of ins additional quantity, the laws of the United States requiring the vahte of foreign articles to be fixed at the port of exportation, and at the time of exporta tion. Theme changes in the British laws of - trade, operating simultaneously with the new tariff at its commencement, in. crease the difficulty of ascertaining it this juncture the exact effects of the latter, even for a single year, upon the course of the foreign trade•Of the United States. . The importation for the year being- so large, and the provi. sinus of the new tariff mainly attaching to them, a correspond ing amount of revenue will arise from this source, during the year. Accordingly, the gross amount of' duties accruing upon imports and tonnage, trout the Ist of :January to the 13th of September last, is estimated at 25,500,009 dollars. The gross amount that will probably acetate fur the whole year is mi. mated at 31 ,0 0 ,000. Should this amount prove to be correct, it will exceed, by 0 , 000 , 000 o f d o ll ars which has accrued dor - ing any one year since the excessive importations that imme diately followed the war; viz. those of 1815 and 1810. In estimating the clear revenue that may be expected to arise from the duties of the year, the amount of them to be . drawn back on exportat i on of the articles on which they have accrued that may' happen, and the expence of collection, are all to be taken into consideration. The duties by bond during one year, are chiefly payable in the year that follows. A por tion is payable in the same year; hut this is generally coun terbalanced by the portion that also become% payable in the next year, on the importation of that year. It will be More than counterbalanced if the importations prove greater, and will not. be met if' they prove leas. Debenture certificates. for payment of drawback being demandable at any time within a year after the importation of the articles intended to be export. ed, the number and amount of them rhargeable upon the ac cruing -duties of the year can never be accurately foreknown. • The debentures issued during the three first quarters of the present year, amounted. to 4,489,710 d. 29e. This is more by 1,637,7Jd. 99c. than those issued during the corresponding period of the preceding year: The amount of those nutstand. lug on the 30th of September last, and chargeable upon the revenue of 1820, was 1.058,315 d. Ostc a which is more, by 854,8131. o.lc. than was chargeable on the same. 'day, in 1824, upon the revenue of 1825. The amount of duty bomb In suit on the 30th Sept. last was 2,987,3471. 22c. which is 92,791 d. 98c. more than was in suit on the same day in the year preceding. Deducing from the foregoing statements the conclusions and probabilities that may at present seem warrantable, the receipts for 11326 are estimated as follows, Prom Customs . 21,000,000 00 • From public. lands - 1,000,000. 00 From Bank dividends - 385,000 Oil Irons miscellaneous anti inci. dental receipts - 110,00 00 ....—..--- Tito expenditu res o f t h e year are esthuated 25,500,000 00 . Civil, miscellanent.s,.and diplo matic - 2,032,454 80 ltlilitery service, including forti., iicsitions, ordinance, Indian de. pertinent, revolutionary and military lir talons % arming the and arreatagea prior to the Ist of January, 1817. - 5,525,862 5G Naval service, including the gra dual increase of the navy 8,02m13 81 Public debt - 10,000,000 00 ..----,-20,104,730 OS Which will leave 'in the Trea. sury on the Illst of December, 1826, idler satisfying all the demands of that year, a stir. plus estimated at 4,915,259 93 If the remark be ent i t l e d to any attention, that the recent ulteratione in th e B r i t i s h la ws of trade have effected the Me. pottatione into the United States during the existing,year, by increasing their ad valorem, amount, It ought not to create aut. prise if the value of importations in 11328 'should fall below those of 11.12 a, because, admitting that theme, laws served on their first promulgation to enhance the price of certain nu inerated commodities in the markets of Europe, it is not pro. bable that this effect of them will be either extensive or per. manent. One of their main provisions is known to consist in a reduction or the duties upon a list of articles manufne. tared in the different countries of Europe, .as well as in Britain. But the most importent articles of this list were already so thoroughly established in the manufactories of Britain, as to be beyond the reach of competition from abroad. 'fence the privilege of introducing them there, and esp ec i a ll y to any large e xtent (meaning' for consumption in Britain, without here alluding to her warehousing system), inust prove in the used to be nominal rather titan real. Among the list are seen fabrics of woollen, of cotton, of linen, or hardware; and the new scale alludes is to have Added to them, in every elute, the amount of any internal excise duty previou,ly existing, or which may at any time afterwards, he inipusid upon the same articles, when m anu f acture d i n England. The forecast of that country, iu all that relates to the interests of her manufactures, justifier the belief that she will not fail to conciliate the con tinued protection of them, with whatever other abrogations shit may ingraft upon her commercial code, either in relation to the other nations of the world, or to her own dependencies in whatever part of it. It has been seen how largely the exportation of our own manufactures, during the past year, has exceeded the mettle dons, of the two years preceding. It may be added, th.tt in no previous year since the inundatian of the flovernment, has the exportation of American manufactures readied an a i aunt at all approaching to that of Jll2ll. This is known fr om official documents as far back as 1803, and no doubt can be entertained of its being true for the remainder of the ,period. This fact, in coneunction with the increasing con. eumption of these manuf actures at h ome, and not less of their improving quality, give.; gratifying assurance of the pro. grese of this most important branch of the national industry.-- It may be considered as marking the commencement of an epoch in the tuitional resources, since ttn intimate connexion is believed to exist between the full encouragement and sue ee4S of domestic manufactures, and the wealth, the power, and the happiness of the . country. The United States would, it is thought, overlook what is due to the essential interests of their itgrieultare, 'which .can .never reach the full point of prosperity but under the constant and various demand of the home market; of their commerce, which can never expand to its full limit of activity, or reap its fall measure of tithe', but with the aids of an active home trade, and of an export trade enhanced in its value by being diversified in it. objects; of Abe eraherenee of their soil, yielding the best materials fbr so tunny of the fabrics which conduce to the wants, the c" l h cin forts, end the reernenta of the social state t or th e industry, the enterptia,:, the frugality of their people; of the unrivalled equality of their laws; which, in terdicting exclueive rights . and monopolies, invites the moat energetic exertions of every individual In th e field of competition; and finally, of the advantages flowing from the absence of pecuniary exactions by the hand of govern ment upon the internal products and labour of the country, if they do not vigorously uphold the manufactures of the country now for the first time appearing to be upon the ere of striking root. It is 4 commencement that deserves every seasonable fan. prevenient. By s flourishing suite of manufactures, we shall see rioting up a new (dim of capitalists, rivalling in the extent' and usefulness of t h e i r operations , anti in die amount of their gains, the wealthiest ofour merchants ; spreading, too, by the education and habits for which their pursuits concentre. By a flourishing state of manufactures, we shall see the gains of the merchant augmented even in his - trade of imports, since for every foreign fabric at home, other fabrics will find their way to us, consumption having no limits but the ability to buy this ability invariably increasing AS home manufactures assume variety and attain perfection. It is then that they create and diffuse wealth, by what is the only true foundation of it in 4 • nation—the universal, subdivided, and the successful industry of the people. It is then that they make a call for an abun dant circulating medium, by quickening the operations of pur chase and sale. e .It is th en th at t h ey attract the precious metals to a country, and beyond any other power of re tention, keep them there. By numerous manufactures we shall see agr i c Ol ture , the first pillar in th e S tate, stand firm; for when they shall have raised up new capitalists, who so sure to maintain profitable . dealings with them as the owner of the soil ? For the treasures that cover its surface and that lie be. neath it, he is then sure to find a market, both regular and growing, whatever the political or mercantile vicissitude!' at a distance.; and as sure to buy at cheap rates the fabrics that he wants, cheapness being the necessary consequence of full competition among a powerful class of artisans at home. By numerous manufactures, in fine, we shell see reared up in the state that additional pillar which, standing in the Middle, is indispensable to the stability of the other two; for the State must be in a false position, lying perpetually at the mercy of extrinsic events, when reposing only Upon foreign coin. mercy and agriculture. The great intermediate Interest, strengthening and upholding both she others, is manufactures. —When, to the complete establishing of these, the internal improvement of the country shall have been auperadded, the farmer of the United States cannot perceive that the measure of his prosperity is made potentially full. Discouraging dis. tances between himself an d hi s customer* exist no longer.— Through the wisdom of art the obstacles of nature disappear. He sees combined with the advantages of a country, of almost boundless extent, and capacity of production, the faculties of quick intercourse, which compensate, to small counties, the want of these adv an t ages: Il e sees time anticipated in the ef. fective augmentation of our numbers ; for as with machinery in manufactures, so, with canals and good highways, they change the relative weakness of a thin and scattered, into the activity and power of a condensed population, thereby exem plifying the highest wisdom of legislation, the noblest works of Government, guided by the intelligence and stimulated by the energy of f ree d om . France still adheres in the midst of her lichee and , to the practice on whirl' these sentiments are founded. power Nor is the example of Britain, up to this very moment, less abso-- lute or less instructive. .The prohibitions, the bounties, the high duties, the penalties, by force of which, througiumt a long tract of time, the manufacturers of that country have gained so much excellence, never in any wise abated, until, by the recent avowals of her !gatemen, high in intelligence as audio. rity. British fabrics were not Merely certain to continue the supply, immense as it is known to be, of the home demand, but to find their way in a proportion, far greater than those from any other country, into all the markets of the world.— The United States, with a combination of natural and political advantages, as transcendent in number as degree, have before them these and other examples; the lights of co-existent nu tiuns ; the amplest demonstrations of experience, for ,building up their manutlictures; and by that vigilant legislative 114. instance, without *deb they have never been known in any country to establish themselves in large or durable pre. eminence. Nor has this policy been found to interfere with an abundant foreign commerce, in the wealthiest find most industrious nations. It has, on the contrary, carried its bounds still further, since every nation, by its habits and po. sition, will always command superior facilities for excelling in certain branches of' labour and art, which it therefore chiefly cherishes, leaving to other nations the opportunity of excelling in other branches, or of running the career of heft ficial rivalry in the same; by which system the artificial pro ductions of the workl are augmented and improved, and the fields of traffic through the increasing desire; and varying testes of mankind, as opulence anti civilization make new mi. vances, more and more extended and enriched. If the nations of Europe, whose industry and Interchanges mote the circles geographically proximate to each other, have yet adopted this policy, a or have fallen back in their proaperity it the fact of its bsence; if those nations th a t have adopted it are still seen to keep to it, or have only swerved from it after its ends have been attained ; by stronger reasons should the United States act upon it. Their remoteness from all the chief sources of supply o f manu f actured articles, forms,. the ad. ditional motive, not to invoke that which might be drawn from the burdens and even exclusions still in full existence in other countries against some of their primary productions. That a populous and independent nation—it nation civilized since the moment of its existence, and whose institutions, by their essen tial principal, tend to accelerate hitt the career of intellectual anti social, as already they have conferred upon it political emi nence, shall have continued as long as theVnited States have done to derive from a distance to be computed only by die space of oceans, so many of the fabrics which conduce to the necessary or tasteful accommodations of lire, if not without precedent, has, perhaps, not before existed in any case of any other nation upon the same extensive scale. Without adverting to the contingencies which may dietinguialt or cut off' this supply from remote he mispheres, th e very deterioration to which time, and more fie. quent casualty, expose nu inconsiderable portion of those fabrics before the natural and intended mien of then, can be exhausted, and where the skill that made is too often alone competent to renovate or repair, becomes, by so much, a dead load to the capital of the impOrtet or committer. and comes epiently that of' the nation. The ;Room of it would go far, it is believed, tow ar d s f orm i ng a fund for encouraging the equally perfect fabrication at home, of most of time articles of foreign origin, consigned by time cause alluded. to, to pre mature inutility or destruction. Besides the advantages of ma nufactures for home use, the present moment is - deemed to be peculiarly auspicious, not to say u rgen t, f or f ostering the. nt fro the situation and then. from circumstances of the rest of the world. An era has arrived, upon which after ages are to look back as to a point in the commercial destinies of mankind. : The cold. nisi system is fast falling to, pieces. Over immense regions it is totally gone, involving the Certainty of change both in the chi ;Inds and the objects of trade, as vast as they will be vs rioua. The family of nations has been extended; new conti nents, new oceans, are opened to independent intercourse—to a just and equal participation in the benefits of which the United Stater cannot but be alive. These benefits they can scarcely derive to the full and proper exent but by giving them. selves to the large fabrication of those works of art for which their climate, their productions, and the skill and capital of which their citizens aro already in possession, especially qualify them. The course of their export trade for the last two years, as stated in this report, is an encouraging omen of their ability and aptitude to enter this new and great field of competition..._ Not to follow up such beginnings by timely and judicious mea. sure,, might be to let opportunities pass not alway s t o b e re called. Whilst nations shut out by their limited territory, from agricultural products as the basis of foreign trade, have yet pushed the latter to its farthest limits by inanufactures.alon e as I that basis, It is the f a vo ure d lot of' the United States to superadd to the extent and riches of their soil, a state of social advance ment, and an amount of town population, already equal to the most extensive and varied operations of manufacturing indus. try. Not to found establishments by which this species of pro. ' &able industry may take life and spread over the land, would, it is believed, be to forget alike what is due to the. best interests of agriculture on the one hand, and to time further enlargement' of our commercial power upon the other. In expressing the convictions embraced in the foregoing re mark , is not intended to close them by recommending any general revision of the to as fixed by the act Congress of the 22d of May, 1824. But , it is deemed proper under cover of them, respectfully to submit the expediency of effixtively increasing the existing duties upon all manufactures of cotton an tine quality. The facilities and inducements to the fabrication of cottons of every description in the Unit. d States are so great, that the utmost beneficial consequences tatty be anticipated from time full establishment orthis manufacture in all its finer branches, in the likes manlier as by the protection already affbrded to cotton fabrics in the coarser branches we have seen thew latter esta blished with advantages so manifold and decided. And should we esteblish completely, the former ahem, euch is the quantity in which we produce the raw material of this prominent manu facture of modern titres, and, what is still more important, such its quality, that there is noceuse for apprehending that our im• menee exportations of it abroad will stop. On the contrary, it may be expected that they will go on progressively increasing. Concurrently with this recommendation fur an augmentation of duties on all cotton manufactures of fine quality, it. is doetn cd advisable to submit, elso, the expedience of lowering, to n email extent, the duties at present existing upon teas, upon coffee, and upon cocoa. These articles, especially the two former, are of such large consumption in the United States, as take rank amon g t h e necessarie s of life. They go to make up a part of the d a il y beverage of the poor as well as the rich, and should therefore not be pressed upon too heavily by the hand of taxation in any form ; time lees, as they trench upon no rival production at home. Their more enlarged consumption would tend to in. crease, In correspondi ng proportions, the demand f or sugar, thereby fosterin g a valuable production of some 'of our own states. The more widely also the habit of their use can be ex. tended, the greater kilt believed would be the prospect awing lessened the consumption of ardent spirits, so baneful in their effects upon the industry, the health, and the morals of the CommOolty. Under those views alone, regarding their connexion with the public prosperity and individual happiness, any temporary or partial loss to the revenue that might result from an adoption of this last recommendation ought t o b e considered as compen sated. It is not, however, certain that such loss would resultfrom the increased demand abet might be expected to STOW up for those articles by a reduction o f t h e present imposition upon them. As regards teas, it may be added, as an additional motive to the recommendation, that under the present d ut i es, there is reason to apprehend' some falling off ultimately in our China trade, from the late laws and regulatiOns of Britain bearing upon this important article of merchendize. The interests Or 0 , valuable portion of our foreign trade, therefore, and of our shipping appear to be at stake in tiring the duti es upon teas of all kind's at rates somewhat lower than as at present established. All which is respe c tf u lly sub mitted. • RICHARD RUSH. FRENCH PAPEItg. (From the Etoile, dated Saturday, Jan. 21.) PARIS, J AN. W.—An extraordinary 'courier who left .St. Petersburg!) on the 4th of • January brings the following news " By the grace of God, we, Nicholas 1., Emperor and Au tocrat of all the Russias, &c., to all our faithful subjects greeting. . " The deplorable event which troubled the day of the 26th of December, the day on which our manifesto announced to our people that we had just ascended the throne, is known in all its'details by the accounts which we have caused to bo published of It. " At the moment when t h e fi rst b o di es of the state, all the civil and milit ar y f unc ti onar i es, the people, the troops, were unanimously taking -to us the oath of obedience and fidelity, and, assembled in the temples of the Lord, were InVoking the Divine blessing on our reign, a handful of factious persons, opposing this national act, dared to brave the laws, authority, military discipline, and persuasion. To disperse this troop of rebels it was necessary to employ force. Such, in a few words, is the whole of this event. Little important in itself, it is but too much so froM its origin and its consequences. Bat what ever grief they may cause us, we find in them the impenetrable ways of Providence, who punishes evil, and irons that evil itself causes good to proceed. " On the mere sight of the first results of the inquiry into the troubles of the '26th, in the assemblage which produced them two classes of men are recognized. The first were only misled ; they were only ignorant of the plot r the others, real conspirators, served as their guides. " What did those misled men intend ?—To preserve the faith of their oaths. Every artifice had been employed to make them believe that they were defending the throne ; and under the empire of this idea, they were unable to listen to an other persuasion. " What did the conspirators intend ? The sacred words of fidelity, oath, legitimate order, even the name of' the Cesaro witsch and the Grand Duke Constantine, were for them only a pretext for treason. They wished to profit by the moment to accomplish their criminal designs designs long contrived, long meditated, long matured in darkness, and the mystery of which the Government had penetrated only in part. They in tended to cast down the throne and the laws—to overturn the empire —to produce anarchy. "What were their means ; Assassination. Their first victim was the military Governor Count 31ilaradowitsch. He whom, in the field of honour, the chance of war had spared in fifty battles, has fallen under the hand of an assassin. This murder, Is not the only one. Count Studer, commander of the regiment of Grenadiers of the Body Guard, killed; M a j or eG enern l Schenschin, Major-General Fiiedericks, and others, severely wounded, have sealed with their blood their fidelity to ho nour and to duty. " Hurried in the tumult, the soldiers of the companies that were seduced did not participate in these crimes, either in act or intention. A rigorous inquiry has given me the proof of this, end I consider it as a first act of justice, as well as my first consolation, to declare them innocent. " But the same justice forbids us to spare the guilty. All thoae against whom proceedings are instituted, and who shall be convicted, will undergo a punishment proportioned to their crimes. " From the .measues already taken in the proceedings, the punishments will embrace in its whole extent, in all its rami fications, an evil the germ of which is of the growth of years, and I sin confident they will destroy it to the very root; they will purge of this foreign contagion the sacred soil of Russia ; they will cause to disappear that odious mixture of melancholy truths and gratuitous suspicions which is repugnant to noble minds ; they will draw for ever a decisive and ineffaceable line of demarcation between love of country and revolutionary pas. sions—between the desire of improvement and the rage of•ton vulsions—they will show to the world that the Rumen nation, always faithful to its Sovereign and to the laws, repels the se. cret • effiarts of anarchy, as it has repelled the open attacks of its declared enemies—they will show how people may free them. selves from suth a scourge—they will prove that it is not every where indestructible. " We have the hope and the right to expect these salutary results, from the attachment which all classes of our subjects show to us and to our throne. Even at the time of the events of' the 26th, we found, with joy and with gratitude, in the inha bitants of the capital, as much affection as zeal ; in the troops, the most impatient desire to chastise the revolt at the first mg nal of the Monarch ; in their officers, the most sincere devoted ness, inspired by a profound feeling of love to us, and by true honour. " Among them was distinguiehed Count Alllaradowitsch, an intrepid soldier, an able captain, an officer constantly loved, terrible in war, gentle in peace, in his adneeoistration, full of justice, zerlous in fulfilling the orders of his Sovereign, a dee voted son of the chu rc h, an d of the country be has fallen under the blow of a cow ar dl y an d perfidious hand, far from the fields P a e t r i i,i c h t n er b a l b e u h r i g t h he ti a ie nn 2 a i l m s t o b it ec u ei ga nb ia er, in the ye ar o f of' battle; b u t he hers f a ll en faithful to his duty and his me rair Given at grace 1026, and the first of our reign. (Signed) "NICHOLAS." The city of Moscow has taken the oath of allegiance to his Majesty the Emperor Nicholas, w i t h t h e g r eatest enthusiasm. On F r id a y, th e 30th, at ten in the morning, Prince Gallitzin, Military Governor of Moscow, commanding the 6th corps of the army, General Count Tolstoy, all the members of the Se nate, all the civil and military authorities, the superior clergy, the nobility, the merchants, assembled in the cathedral of the Assumption. The original of the last will of the Emperor Alexander was deposit e d th ere; hi s E m i nence the Archbishop of Moscow opened this document and. read it publicly, as well as the manif es t o o f t h e E mperor Nicholas. Immediately all the functionaries above mentioned, and the whole assemble', took the oath to the new Sovereign. A 7'e Daum celebrated his accession. In the course of the day, the mine oath Was taken by all the troops, and by the whole capital. It has expressed the most unanimous attachment to our august So vereign. By an order of the day of the 16th (27th) his Majesty has appointed his Imperial Highness his heir, commander of the regiment of Guards of Grenadiers of Pawlowsk. The obsequies of Count Milaradowitech took place on the 3d, with all the military honours due to his rank. The funeral mass was chaunted in the cathedral of our Lady of Casan. His Majesty the Emperor and the Grand Duke Mi chael were present. The mortal remains of Count AI flare dowitsch are deposited in the monastery of St. Alexander Newsky. By an order of the day, dated the 20th,(Ist of January), Lieutenant4leneral Bestrom, commander of all the infantry of the Guard, is appointed Aid-de-Camp-General to the Emperor, , retaining his former functions. By a supplement of th e E m p eror ' s or d er o f t h e d ay of the 13th (27th) of December, Alajor-General Baron Frederick s , commanding the Mo scow R egiment of Guards, is appointed Aide-de-Carep-Getieral to his Majesty, retaining his other functions. •By an order of the day of the 18th (30th); the Emperor testifies his entire satisfaction to his Aid.de-Camp.General Tchitcherin, commanding the Dragoons of the Guard ; to Major-General Andreieffsky, commanding the Hulens of the Guard ; to Colonel Baron Arbs-Iloven, commanding the Hussars of the Guard; to 51ujor-General Ephremoff, com manding the Cossacks of the Guard ; as well as to the Corn. manders of the third battalions of the regiments of the Guards, and to all the officers of the said regiments and battalions, for the exactness anti ability with which they executed the commis. slier that was given them. A douceur of one ruble, of a glass of brandy, and a pound of fish per man, is granted to the subal terns and soldiers of the corps. By the same order of the day, Colonel Schembell, of the Dragoons of the Guard, is appointed Aide-de-camp to his Ala. jesty, retaining his preceding functions. We receive from Warsaw the following piece, which we hasten to publish " ADDRESS OF His IMPERIAL HIGHNESS TILE CESSARO. WITSCII AND GRAND DUKE CONSTANTINE PAULO. WITSCII TO THE MINISTER OF JUSTICE; GENERAL OF INFANTRY, PRINCE,LOIIANOW ROSTOWSKY. " The Counsellor of the College of the Section of the I'ro. curators-General of the Directing Senate has remitted to tue.a dispatch for your Highness with this address- 4 To his Itn. penal Majesty Constantine PaulowitsCh, a very ;submissive Report of the Alinisterof Justice. its I do not think myself entitled to accept, because RC. cording to this direction it is not sent to me, 1 send it back to your Highness by the , same officer. By my letter of the Btl (15th) or December, to his Excellency the President of the Senate, the Privy Counsellor of the First Class, Prince Lapou. chin, your Itoyal Highness must have been exactly informed (lithe reasons which do not petmit me to accept the Imperial dignity. I have, in consequence, only to repeat to you in few words, that, according to the oath taken by all the subjects on the accession of his Majesty the Emperor Alexander, of glorious memory, in which, among other things, it is ex. press'' , said that every subject is faithfully to serve and to obey m all things, not only his Majesty the Emperor Alexan der Pawlo w i tc h, b u t a l so the successor to the throne of his Im. pedal Majestsy who should be designated t and its it app from the documents opened in th e C ounc i l of State which are entirely conformable to those deposited w i t h the' Directing Senate, that by the supreme- will of his late Majesty, the Grand Duke Nicholas laas been designated as successor to the throne, the Directing Senate, as conservator of the will of his late Majesty the Emperor Alexander Paulowitsch, of glorious memory, ought to have carried it, and will carry it into exe• cution. While acknowledging with gratitude the attachment which the Directing Senate has shown to my person, I request your Highness to express.to that noble hotly all my gratitude, adding that the more deeply I feel the value of this attachment, the more I am penetrated with the duty of conforming unalterably to the will manifested by his late Imperial Majesty." [The original of this letter is signed by His Imperial High ness Constantine Cesarowitsch.l FRI:XCH FONDS.—PARIS. JAN. 20.—Five per Cents. 98f. 70c.—Three per Cents., 67f. 51c.—Neapolitan Rentes, 30c.—Rente d'Espagne ;—llitto Hayti, 800f.—Ex change on London, one month, 25f. 15c. • three ditto, 24 1 . 90c.—(fours Authentique.) LONDON CARRIER COMPANY.--Ti iii day this Company will commence conveying Parcels from any place within three miles of Temple Bar, to any other place within a similar distance, for sixpence ; if exceeding 281 b. one penny extra for each additional 141 b., to be delivered within four hours. Persons leaving parcels at the Receiving Houses, or with the Company's Carts, are requested to take a receipt for the same, as the Company will be accountable for no parcel without the receipt is produced; nor for any parcel exceeding the value of ten pounds, unless specially contracted for.—The. Central Depot, together with the Office of the Establishment, is now in Great Quecn-street, Lincoln's-inn-fields. * * * For London Markets, sec the Third, and for Country Markets, see the Fourth Page. FAKE OF STOCKS TIM DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Bank Stack - ' 3 per Gent. Red. 3 per Cent. Cone. 3k per Cent. Ditto Red B9 i Ditto Small 2d. &per Cent. New 9711 7I ex div Ditto Advertised Bank Long Ann.... 24 3-16 Bank for Acct. India Stock - India for Acct. — Ditto Remits South Sea Stock I.II4RES OF FOREIGN F Austrian Bdx :l s B p 2 e 6 rcen l t s . 4 9 0 1 Bruilian Ms INDS AT ON2 O'CLOCK Mexican Scrip — Neipolitan, 1824 Neapolitan Scrip Peruvian Bonds Do. Scrip Portuguese Bonds Prussian, 5 per cent. Ditto New Russian, New, 6 per ct. 85 i i :; Spanish 1821, 6 per ct.... lilt 1823 Ui French Rentes, bp. c. _ --f. —c• Exchange ... —f. —c -3 p. c. - Exchange . ---- amp Rustles Ayres Ms Bds, 6 per cent.— allombisn Bds Do. do. 1824 Danish, A per cent. Do. 1823 Week /Ms Do. 1825 Cettatimala blettican lids Do. 1825 6B 4 8 PA I CIS OF SHAKES AT ONE O'CLOCK. Per Share. 4 A aglo-lf laical) Alining Company • I 47 2 Pasco Peruvian Mining 17 11 Company New United Mexican Alining Company Palladium Assurance Company. .. . Liverpool and Manche ster Railway Company 14/ British Iron Company PftiqC OF 1111911 s Bank Stock' Gov. I)eb. 31 per cent 9li 1 per cent. New do.. Stork, 3. pe r ct. B9A Consols 3 per cent. BO Royal Canal Stock Grand Canal Stock Ditto Loan, 4 per cent. Ditto Ditto, per cent. iTOCKS, JAN. 19. Mining Company St—Patrick Insurance — National ditto Hibernian Bank 3l dis. Fish Shares Patriotic ditto • Royal Irish Mining New Brighton Hibernian Gas Company *"" FOMEIG'N MAILS. Guernsey and Jersey Gottionburgh lfarnburgh . [Tolland . France • Flanders - , Malta Aatelynu. - Deft. HlOll WA Tan AT Loob.oN 13111 Dor, To.moititogr. Renting. $1 minute* after 2.1 Evening, 5t minute's after 2- THE SUN. BOLSI( QUI, DICER FdLi .4111:013.4T LONDON, MONDAY' EVENING, JANUATIT 23, 10$. Letters from Batavia contain much interost• The e matter d o a n t e t:shet of a t t i a l e t e of affair s 4 th of Oct ob er . In e Jaw rA ter tho defeat sustained by the Dutch troops ba d voluuterers !war Semarang, the natives had approached that place in great number,. A fresh body of troops had subsequently marched out to attack the natives, who in stantly retired without giving the Dutch Forces an opportunity of trying their strength with them. It is stated in one of the letters, that a Native Prince, and his son, who had joined the natives, afterwards surrendered, and were, at the date of the letter, on board a Dutch vessel. A fresh force of greater strength, was collecting 'or the purpose of marching against the insur- From one of the letters of which we subjoin an extract, it might seem that the natives are surmised to have retired from before `le Dutch troops, rather from policy than appro.. gents. ension : The disturbances existing in the Wand of Java had, In the early part of October, began to assume a formidable appear ance. Th e nat i ves, in their movements near Semarang, exhibit th e appearance of a regular military f or ce, and when attacked Is) , the vol unteers (which • were defeated) show ed themsel ves not wanting either in. courage or discipline ; is fact, th e p o li cy which they pursue in keeping l'')Bses rtion of th e i nterior near Samarang, anti not attacking It easily when they m i ght afterwards be exposed succeed, but to attack •by Sea or land, toget h er w i t h t h e f act of thei r h av i ng regular correspondences and posts from one part of the island to the oth er , seem to justify the presumption that there must be men both o f ta l ent and foresight among them. The financial c oncerns of the I s l and are in a very precar i ous state. The Go vrtrunent are wi t h out solid means, and have at present no way of raising money to war d s def - ky i ng t h e expences incidental, to the present state of their affairs, but by still increasing the issue of paper already at a discount of wore than 250 f. They were about to draw hills on Holland for one or two million Guilders, but it was thought they had no authority from home for the measure, and that it was a financial manoeuvre made for the purpose of meeting the exigencies of the moment. There was nu great apprehension for the safety of property et Batavia, as the natives seem not inclined to attack any place, but confine themselves at present to the interior, and in the vicinity of Semarang. German Papers bare been received, but it will be seen by our extracts, they do noteoutain an,