The Sun. — London, England, 1810-12-11 00:00:00

.4 have worn to defend ; those framed by cur ances tors, and handed down to Us, their posterity, legible, alt obscured." Senor MExta spoke of a kind, of allegorical dream which he had had, representing SupersiitiCri combating the light of Reason. Tiiis he now saw verified in the Cortes. Senor OLIVEROS (diputado pot . la provincia de E.tremadura) made a few observations in answer to Herreros, on religious points. Srarrn xiii4 — (dip'btado por la provincia trecuaritir4);-loid OA he laid it. down as a ntiirn*,- that-alood ,Spaniard could do, nothing better than pursue the reverse Of: Bliaaparte's Pohl pies. :That-at Bayonne, - Buouaktrte , had determin ed 'that the deliberations of the CorteS should be secret, both then and in` future. 'llk, therefore, was to be avoided. Buonapatte's principal objett has .a:ways been to destroy the-libeity -, of the press, and i the fetters he - , , has laid on-. that. liber ty have been corivQrled into-chains for the slavery of Mankind. Some divines have deprecated the ft.:. berty of the Prsi, ou the- score of religion. Ocr Saviour inculcated the - Lioerty '1 , 4 - Discussion. He" ever enjoins' his disciples to-converse and erwrespond ou this religion, that they may explain ditlietilties, enlighten each - other, and -publish the truth to the. woad. It is now time to throw off-the cloud of ig norance,, and to proclaim that the Spaniard is once more the child of reason. We are in want of know ledge, and from the Press alone can its - light-be dif- • fuked. It is to the 'present irnperfeti Liberty,. which it'enjoyS, in spite of the -opposition of bad men, arid the fears of the weak, that' , we- are indebted to that force of public opinion, which has produced the meeting of ,this august assembly, in Which the last and best hopes of Spain are centered. . - TUESDAY, OCT. 16. • • The President opened the debate, with declar'ng in general terms, his wish for the .Liberty 'of. the Press, but under very peat restrictions and litnita.; tions. Senor AIORALES (diputado por la cindat de Ca diz,) made a long a lid eloquent speech, in favour of the Press, , replete with•sound argument and apposite 11us t ration. , Let us suppose a King, he said, and to-prevent misrepresentation, or mistake, let us sup-, pose him t i h reign over 'one of the Southern Islands; who either 'frotii youth, infiimitY, Or vicious pririci- pies, is ineapable, or unwilling to attend to the just rtpresentatioo or his people. Lev' us suppose . an impious ministry ruling that people, a people 'so loyal and so ieltgious, as to be unwilling to fly to the sword for redress. What.houe has thsit pedpie for the recovery ot its ?• None, except the pen and the pre-s. But should that people be so un fortunate, as to t•ave a censor over this their only lope, and should that censor be one Of the %cry Mi nisters who oppress t hem, where t hen is their hope? They have none; and misery and ruMmUst inevi tably succeed.'' Senor PEIiEZ DE CAsTito (suplente por la pro ,;e Valladolid) spoke in-lavonr Of the Press.. He stated, that it was ot the utmost importaode to a w , se government, on this as well as on every other account ; namely, that by no other mode Could they be mode acquainted with the 'feelings of that people ,whom they are . appointed to govern. How else, too, can they obtain ti) 'their favour, that pub lic opinion, wti:ch is worth millions of mercenary bayonets? One great and happyttation, owes the preservation of that greatness, and of that 'happi ness, to pubic opinion, raised by Liberty and sup ported by the Press, which is a buttress against all opposi. ion, the ftienti alike of the rich and the i our. It is a holy appeal, made by truth to the virtue of mankind. Senor EL OLIVEROZ' then rose, and in a most elo quent speech proved the Liberty of the PreSs to be compatible with the purest interest of Religion.— " Let us examine said he, the state of France; and let us see the melancholy. effeds of a liberty, 'Whin extended to all that was evil, but which excluded ail that was virtuous. The Revolutionists of that country knew that their hideous designs could not be executed but through the ruin of morality and virtue. They therefore poured forth a torrent of blasphemy and immorality, which shook to pieces thewhole fa bric of Civil Society, cautiously shutting the Press to every thing v. hich afforded a chance of restoring re ligion and loyalty. • France is still . overwhelmed with the consequence of these principles, but not one work of religion, morality, civil polity; or ra tional liberty, has ever issued either from Revolution ary, or Imperial France. " It is the contrary of this that we are seeking to attain. We wish to give encouragemllt to every worthy feeling, and to shut the gates on evil. Had tlw Liberty of the Press been established, men would have shunned the aUs they have committed in the iu punity of 'obscurity anl oblivion. Bishops would riot have dared to preach from the pulpits of their holy religion, the triumphs of despotism and of atheism . nor would they have ventured to assist in the subjugation of their own country, and the de struttion b(their ,own faith. England, on the con trary, that generous and free country, which owes all - her liberty, and all her morality, to the Piess, although excluded from the bosom of our church, has, in opposing the ambition of France, and resisting her strides to universal dominion, been the true friend of our religion. She has been the ally of our bead, the Pope, when persecuted by ittionaparte ; she - has been the faithful friend of S k arn, and it' is on her colossal form . , erected in Li ix and defended by the Freedom of the Press, tba t:?.e remaining independence of E i ntope reclines its sick:y head. 1 therefore maintain that the Liberty of the Press leas been, and is, the best support of relig.on, instead ,of being incompatible with it, as Mlle of ,those who 11.1 first spoken have main- tained. I have been anxious w state my opinion on this important subject, as it concerns religion, for its political utility, and efficacy, iis being the most powerful of all weapons, if well directeu, has been sufficiently proved by the speeches of its able sup porters." Senor MORALES GALLEGO spoke against the abo thion of the previous censorship stating the many inconveniences of the Liberty of the ?cuss, Sze.— d then • Senor. ARGUELLES rose, and in a most brilliant peeclt, took a view of the •whole question ; : slaying a manly enthusiasm, conveyed in a flow of beautifill oratory, to which it impossible to do jus tice. He affirmed, " that there conk' be no greater • violation of the liberty of wan than the depriVing him of the enjoyment:of Opt whiCh in itself W innocent, arpt the subjecting his honest exer, iions io thei caprie man, ;) or - set of : men ev whaterV !Are. be told in these days of mental 'lmpepvement, the. I b filillidos of people are to 'have the truest gafeguard tri6r freedom, the most laudable source of their industry, the best hopes of _their posterity, subjected to the nod of censois so easily • cot rupted ? It is the fate of mankind to . err; we ought, therefore. .to pat pUrselves beyond the evil we dread, 'especially wiii.Te our dearest in .. • terests are - concerned: - But let u, suppose that these ' censors would have no sinister views. Still they ate men, who must all have their paStiollS, and their particular', prejudices, which it is in human nature that thermust wish to gratify; and how far men in the possession of power will abstain fro;n such gra tification the.history.of the world will bear witness. Yet it is to theseipen, with the power of suppres •sion, and with the law ih their, hands, that liberty aid li•cratuie are to bend ". Spain has net er yet been "blessed with free- . dbm. 'For a long series of ages ,we have been chained, insulted, and dttit4ded by, a -succession of Governments, who have ever been inattentive to the wishes of the people. 'Fite hitter fruits ut those days we are now tasting.. The moalay of the people has suffered, acid the &cline of Spain has kept pace with the dunin.ition of her lice dom. "- How different,' Sir, is t he state of this country, how different the past 'principles, of our conduct to that of a great, generous, anit indepentli-nt nation—a nation tvnich possesses( whatever- may be,her - corruption) the purest public natio,i in which conjugal fidehtv and the dearst nes of ',octet . ) , are pre-emintntly. - cherished—a natian hi. h, though exposed- at all times to extei ior and in terior dangers, - his risen in denance of ic& tit.=-., nation -Which bad long t'een 'our' bitterest but which, _h a iling in ,a moment the ci,lwn ut Spanish liberty, svith unparal.ele.l 'generosity has poured forth her whole of to maintain - it ! Mean to say ; ' that we owe seurcely less -than our ex istikloce to England.• As our misfortunes increas. d, what has liefm the condat of EVand ? .'She has always said- 4 ' 13e free, and we will t - ,ex,!i iorsaKe you," Her (flints have increased wits, our wants: The strength of her arm has our - weakness- Thtt.character, ttie power, the graudgur;ol that na tion -has arisen ficy r n• her poSseiS.Qu of ihoie libatte4, for . which we now..ate.,.stitigling,, must be founded or los:, ni your vote, for on that depends, 'whether her assistance will prove of avail, and whether we 'are to 'regain our ratilcamong them:riot - is of Europe, or fail for ever," Al 1I L. • DLL —1 Lisbon, i Malta, i lluolioi x Waterford. FOCKS Tills IJA Y A r IL O ' CLOCK COnSniS - - - 671 Red. Ann. 66 k '6S; '66 r s t N. (4,UIS DICIRR FAI.SU'M AIiDLAT L,Ol V DO.N, TUESDAY', DECCMBER 11, 1810. " Windsor Castle, Dec. it,t3to.• " The KING has had a very god night, and is better this morninv " H. R. REYNOLDS. " H. HALFURD. " W. HEBERDEN. " * AI. BAILLIE. " R. WILLIS." We have just received American Papers to a late' date, from vt lila we have only time to extract the following mast important Proclamation';— lIY TILE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. A PROCLAMATION. " Whereas, by the 4th section of an a&. passed May 1, 18 10,'.(the Title of the Act and the• Seiition are recited.) ", And whereas it has been officially made known to this Government, that the, Edicts of France,violat. ing the neutral commerce of the United States, have been revoketi, and cease to. have eirea, from the first , of the present month ; now therefore, I James Mad dison, 'President of the United States, do, hereby pr'o claim, that the saki Edicts of France haVe been so re voked as that they ceased on the firt day of the pre. sent month to violate the 'tetanal cut inerce of the United States, and that from the date of these pre., sents, all the ,restri&ons imposed by the aforesaid Ad shall cease, and be discontinued as relative to France and her-dependencies. " In : testimony' whereof, sce. ")JAMEs MADDISON." " Nov. 2, ato." This Proclamation is accompanied by a Circular from the Secretary of_the Treasury, announcing the Preside.‘'s Proclamation, adding.that "French arm ea vessels may, now be alnitted into the harbours of the United State's ;" and containing also a clause respecting the revival of the Non-Intercourse Law, as it respects Great Britain, If her orders are not re voked before.the 2d February next. This morning we received Dutch Papers to the 2d inst. from which we have wade some exit-ads : but we have not room at present ta comment upon them. Accoiding to the account of a Gentleman who left Bourdeaux on the Ist inst. 2.5,000 French troops - .had passed through that place and Bayonne for Spain. "They passed. the Pyr4tees in three divisions, besides a long train of artill er y. From r 3 to 0,..000 Spanish and I'ortuguese prisoiers had arrived at Bayonne on their way to the interior. They were in the most. lamentable state, wilh hardly any cd vexing, and though sick and wounded, were lerced to tnarch. No respect. was paid to their Officers. Nothing from theTeninsula had reached Bourdeaux on the Ist inst. ~ I t : was reported that NAPOLEON himself was to comluel the . war, and that INIAsSCNA was to be made King of the Peninsula if he obtained a decisive victory °ter the British Army. On ail hands, however, it seemed to be generally adMitted, that the French had 'a very discouraging pro•pecl before. the.n throughout the' Pemilsula.- If we may judge from the language of the Op position Papers, their political friends have conk. pletely lo,t their temper. Instead of attempting to strew, by argument, that the cause they support is a good one, ..they have recourse to the most childish and petulant. abuse. The Chronicle of this morn ing, after stating that Ministers have sent round a Circular Letter,/ requesting a full attendance on hutsday, as no further adjournment is to be pro p st-d, and business of importance is to come on; prueeeds.to add, that it is' . impossible to t onjeaure hat Teasuies - MiniSters.mean to pursue—whether they mean to propose that they shall be con,tiluted a.Direetory, and allowed - to dispense . with all the guards and checks of the Constituliun ; or whether they. wit propose that the two Houses shall declare the iouipacity ; and supi.. , ly the defect.' Now, When. a pat ty • has recourse to such language, it is,a proof t?ttier that they are extremely angty, or that they, are in great distress for arguments.; - but as we have always thought that great allowances ,ought to be' made for the querulousness usually displayed by the Gentlemen in.OppositiOn, 'we are not disposed to treat it in the present instance with much severity. There is, however, one charge preferred, in the Pd.. per alluded to, against Ministers, which does •sur-prise us a little : it states:, that the nation has been insulted With impunitp—that Sweden has declared war against us,—that Government must have fore seen' this step on the part 'of the Frenchihed Government of 'Sweden, long ago, and that upon the same principle which influenced their proceedings against Denmark, they ought. to have taken precautions against Sweden. We read with pleasure this . reluaant acknowledgment of the wise policy.of the attack upon Copenhagen; Government, says the Chronicle, knew that the Frenchified government of Sweden would declare w,tr against us ; and therefore they 9n2ht to have acted as they did in a former case, svhen they knew. that the Fienchified Government of Denmark was about to commence hostilities against us. These are not the precise Words used by the Chronicle, but they convey the substance of the argument, be cause,, unless the two cases were perfeffly similar, Go vernment could not be blamed for not aging in the one ca,e as they had in the other. The Chronicle, i t is true, says it does not approve of the outrageous proceedings at - Copenhagen, and yet it blames Mini:: sters tor not adopting a , similar condutt towards Sweden, wider similar circum.tances. It is impos sible to defend such inconsistency. The British Governtnent'atted either right o- wrong in the at tack upon Copenhagen ; if right, bow will the 'Chronicle defend the claMour which the Opp,- sition raised against ill .t measure ? if wrong,, with what , justice can it now censure Minister s for not pursuing a Similar conduct now ? ,We believe, however, that the real guilt of Ministers is, that they have not in theiirescut instance abandoned their duty to their Sovereign and their Country, by the adoption of measures which there was, and is, every reason to hope will prove unnecessary. "We see and hear of nothing," says time Chronicle," but .stratagenis for the maintenance of power, arid the Continuance of Ministers in office." If the Chro; nick can really see and hear nothing else] its organs of vision and of hearing must be Most lamentably defective, otherwise it would have seen and • hegrd a great dial about the stratagems and inttigues, aye, and the disputes, too, of those who want to get iut., office. But we are told, and that gravely, that the Opposition have not the least desire to return to office. We should have thought operwkse ; but we 'cannot dispute .such high authority : we are glad, however, to• hear it, because, as the Opposition do not wish to return to power, and as the people have never ex pressed any wish to see them restored to office, all parties must agree in deprecating any change.. The account of every person who comes from Pans, represents BUONAPARTR'S tyranny as more complete thin has ever,been recorded in the history of any arbr'tary Government. A young EtighsS artist, who recently left that capital, and whose veracity is unimpeacha'Ae, declares, that nothing • can the general detestation of the Tyrant, but the fear of being exposed to his cruelty. his spies abound in all qt priers, and as they are all men selected tor an utter tletitutiou ()revery moral prin• ciple and every feeling of km nanity, the people are absolutely afraid to look, and almost to think,:lest they-should be seized by the satellites of despotism, Inci never heard •of again. 'Bat however guarded , penplemay be, if there has been any thing in their former condUct which renders it likely that they' should be hostile to the present order of things, "chef are not safe, and accordingly individusls - , disappear daily in, the French metropolis ; and nobody, dares to enquire what has become of them, or even to take any notice of their removal. Nothing but the hope that some event will happen that may rid them of 10 , detestable a Tyrant, .prevents them fOmfalling 111; 0 the most lamentable despondency. The usual Ca price of the French character seems to be subdued, and even the air of fashionable gaiety which wai once so congenial to that character, ap:sears now to he assumed, 'in order to pr,vent the gloomy Despot trona attributing a sullen _'discontent to his unfor-. tunate subjects, and inducing him, if possible, to bd • still more watchful and - rigorous in his,usurpatio!!. How. is it possible that such a dreadful state of things can long exist, especially as he continues tQ enforce his military conscriptions to recruit his armies. in Spain and to send to almost ceilaitt de strut:tion, 'to fight the battles of the most perfidir ous ambition: Lord WELLitiorip'N's late position consisted- of 107 works, 28,490 infantry, 12 51-il} c h h ow itzers, 20 24. 1 poutidcrs, 282 L2-pounders, 121. 9-pounders , 2t 6-pounders. The rentainder.of the army en'' Ployed in keeping up the communication betwet:o the' forts and tile. ieserve„' 1„ LI 011 JU . AN . MARTIN, or L'EmPr.cts-Ano, is a Da' ,tive of Cadiz. A short time since an Officer belong," log to - L'Empecinado's party arrived in Cadiz, bring ing, with him one R2ao , who' had forrnerly been very a6tive, in the cause (if Ferdinand, but had de serted and : got to Madrid where he obtained Iron Joseph Buonaparte •a considerable pl'ace ii the civil department, and - became a severe op'pre.s.i'cr of tha supposed adherents of his quondam friends. L'En) - pecinado in one of his excursions obtaiu'ed Bence. that .Rigo was to t.;e married at a house a short distance from Madrid, and he and his follOwers concealed themselves in a neighbourina w.)ocl, and, •on the day of the nuptials . suddenly b b urst into thq. court-yard of Rigo's house. The trieuds of who hid nief to celebrate, the wedding,were thrOW° Into the utmost c o n ster natkon, till L'Empecinwig promised thit no hurt sho u ld be clonetoany of them if I.lgo was surrende,e:: up to hits?. The uti7 fortunate wretch was ourrendered accordingly, and L'Empecinado and his friends vanished as sudden'''. as they had made their appearance. L'Emrein"d a sent Rigo, escorted by one of his party, to . who brought his prisoner by' bye- ways safely into Cadiz, and delivered him to the Junta, with a letter from his Commander, which infoirned them that hg had sent the traitor Rigo, and desired that he migh t he tried and executed immediately on Le Plaz, at Cadiz. The Junta remonstrated with the Officer on the rapid proceedings which L'Empecinado ri quested should take place; but he acquainted them , that his orders from his Commander were, that be was to remain in Cadiz till the instructions in letter were compied with. The Junta then bug' gested, that if Rigo was found guilty, he might be privately- executed in p r i so n ; t h e Offi ce r replie_ , that L'Empecinado insisted on the execution bt'ing public, and-that he cou ld not return to him withou t a bein an eye-,witness of the traitor' s p un i s h t nent. -- The Junta finding all other interference • fruitle4, put Rigo on his trial, and his guiP, which was not": rious, being fully established, sentence of death "'"' passed on him, and he was executed accordnglV 011 Le Piaz, at Cadiz.' The Officer haVing thus cum' pleted his mission, departed i mme di ate l y to wit' , Commander. . There was nb. Court of Aldermen held today . The LORD MAYOR, after inspecting the return's, ordered the'price of bread to be lowered Id. P er peck; the Q.iartern Loaf will then be is..2i l • 1 WESTMINSTER ABB EY .—Thi s venera bl e pile be restored to all its former grandeur. Mr. WYA T ' r i the,Architect, has u n d erta k en to p ut t h e wa rs and ornaments in a complete stare of durability, wiiii °llt doing the least injury to the m onument s. A drawin , of the original structure has been found, ill vase taken from the Court o f R ecor d s , state of preservati,ar : From this the a r tist will be e il- abled to produce all th e minute ornaments time has de t stroyed. The san t : 3 w hi c h stood in th e futhes are to re-appear.in a high At an early hotir yesterhy morning, a meeting took place near & ID ' r y,.b el wee!) J.ll—y, EStl• an d G.- B —n, Ecq. the former attended inan thlic er of the girrison, the latter by a professional Genle man : several Gentlemen, friends ut each, were on the ground —every concession that could Po sibly be made, was offered 'oo the part of the lel ! ; I ter, and many Gentl emen on eac : t side, withot% . effect. The result, wa s, th e p a rties, took the', ground at ten paces, a case of pistols was fi red, by which each rec e iV t d slight wounds; O ' l ,the third fire, the latt e r w as wounded throug h t " e right shoulder, which terminated the t)ti l ness, he being carried o ff t h e groun d to his carriag e.- ' Dublin, Dec. s'. , dig - 1 Yesterday Julia Williams, the man who %, is coverecra few eveni n gs since on the roof of 110114 o rreet 0 ' in Store -street, wa s br o ught tip at Bow - rice 10: examination, and committed fur trial,