The Sun. — London, England, 1808-01-06 00:00:00

TQ THE EDITOR O F 77 . 1 z SUN. . Sllt ~ 'LETTER X•!. :10;;:,‘ . THE Negociation proceeded, of we have .seen, on_the bas4i of the Treaty - of 179,4: 'That was concluded, at a time when it Was exceedingly , desirahle ,to conciiiate'Americai Opon . -principles of mutual lii;era)ity in trade and navigation. "Without going..deiTly imp an cogyiry as/ tOthe INnedts' ac tually ()I:11;1410'V either State .through, these' .st q fpn.- )atiens, I trust, that. it will hegranted to me; - that a yonng Nation 'like 414zttiCA stood more in need of . encotiragernent . from -us,,.than we did ,of . .support froth' t . heiii'2 . TheAdvanta;eS. Which qwe,..igave to A ludricl . concerned , her Nm . /igati . on, ivhirh liar ac- ,COrdingly eXperietlC,i'd a progressive increase. Her trade to•,the I;:ast Indies bids fait; to rival Ouc:On ; And the yule 'between America and this: Country has lie,en almost` entirely, carried on in her own vessels. What NIT gain from our intercom : se with the I.'aired States 'consists u the immense consumption of our manufaaures. This consumption would pro. l'ably take place without any Treatyi, and is harxlly to be repressed even by Legislaqve authority. But the advaptagea which we give to Mew are in our pwn power, and nay be revoked at pleasure. I have heard it arguedi-by. some, that the Colp rnereial part of Lord' GRENVII4E'S Treaty was cal- Fulatec.l to ruin England . , and Icy others { 'Ol4 Arne ,_• _ • Mica could not long survive its renewal. SQ. far from either of these opinions beitl 'cortea, I am con yinced tint the most unrestrained inijrcoUrse is de- sirable for both Countries. 1 adrnir r as.fully as Lord HoL.T.Abip can have been taught brif clEux:to urge them, the principles of Ctitnwercial arrangements .j have, only.given this slight view of our relative . situations, in order to slew that, of the t%vo; 4tperica, as a rising State, in the progress of forming a Marino, requires the ptlance.of aslvantge, at;d obtains it by stipulations nornibally. reciprocal. Such then ,being the spirit of 'the Treaty of 1794, was it .wisely adopted as a basis of: Negotiation in 111/4 ? The view whicl, I have .taken, unquestion ably pronipts rue to answer in, the :allirthative. It •was cot imprudently chosen as a basis; ,b'ut . it was a basis favourable to America. In:•admiitirid,it, we • made concessions to America •too. valuable to be idly thrown away. .1 would not treat of COnceSsions , 'As a Alerchant or as an Attorney, but I conceive - that the liVeliest philanthropy allows of reciprocity it) favours. It allows me certainly . to Withhold'be nellts from him who denies me what "consider to. be my right, or essential to my interest.. If; then, WO 4ve. obtained for ourselves all the qtipulations which we consider; as essential, we need. . ;tot scrutinize minutely the value of : what we haVe conceded ; but the Negociation lissevidently been condigied, upon principle 'of cOMprolitise, if we have been induced by America to wave 4 part of °Ur claims, in her •favonr, it would be carrying can 4lour and conciliation to an extra Vii , ,,, .!:H ., , , ,tt„ not to enquire whether she, too, has r‘.;iaxed in some of her cleniands. Although, therefore, in a general view, I approve highly of the commercial part of the Treaty, and pave 'no objeCtion to the few alterations. made in it, I must once more beg that it may be reColleCted throo, , ,hout the whoje dingsslott as. advantageow.to A merica. But the grrangetpettt qt* thelrade. was Out a very small pail of the 'business of the Commissioners. l'we most iiiterestingpoints occnrii.4olport which the Treaty of t 794 was S:14:11t. , Tlie first of these has already, been very fully dis- . ccosed in exammink the Eieverit4 Article'; our insters contrived to insert vexatious enough to. coutiaue the complaints of Amerioa, but too weak" to scant: the interests of i tiritaiti ; the censure already pasm.%l upon 016 stipulation can pe mitigated by noeitplanation. As a coMpromise, the Article cannot be defended ; because the aEtual importance of our concession was out of all propor tion greater than the value set upon it by America. But taking it as. a cninfrotnisc,wl)ere is t4o couts terpart, the corresponding acquisition ? ~N,re they to be found in the uther great point of this nevi; discussion Ts the evil of the 'DESERTING Oz4tl retrodied .return .• Lug before the ISTegociationcommenred, it was 110torious. that very ; warm. disputes had taken place betwgen the two Governments, on the of the impre f ornent of seamen, We accused the Americans of seducing oar". inariners from their allegiance, and of retaining them when properly demanded. The American Cinveriiinent, oft the contrary, filled all Turope, with complaints of the liArsil and injurious Inethiids which we pursued fu r recovering our deL serterS. The,whole coast of America echoed these cotrplaintl. What wquld have been said to nan, who, when he read the appointment of the Plenipotentiaries,, in the Gazette, had ventured a sus piciun n ' subject like this, they would make uo provision whatever 1 - The most '7virulent 4 7 . ,anent would not have hazarded such 'a Specula;. tion ! be might have said, "1 aiu afraid of the ,< ~: ;onceeli fig, spirit of Lord gott. ND spes.tbe' compfeistioot of Lord 4,UCKL#V4O.for his covered friends,; I f,!.:ar they will make but a had Treaty ; they 'will imt apert with firmness ear right of searching for deserters." , But it could have eu 'teCed• into no' man's head that the Ministers would i?euttire to publish a Paper to the world, as the re. stilt .of, six. niontli's discussion, under the auspices of the strongest and wisest, its well as of the most pacific and conciliating 'Ad, inistration that existed, in which NO ' mention should . be made of this, one of the principal subjeas of discussion. Will it 'be 'pretended, that the ,omission was fa, ypur4ble to 4ritain ; that our rights and our power remained , as heretofore;--.let it be so for a moment, but away'then with all claims to a conciliating spirit.; let us hear no more of sincerity, openness; and f ty. Absurd, however, and inconsistent, as would be ibis defence of the conduit of the Ministers, they 4tave really no better ; .there is not a r e, among the positive stipulations of the Treaty, in which . a Bri tish objeet,isobtaitied, or a British Right secured.(o) We have now, Sir, proceeded tilt-660i the Whole' Treaty ; have considered what was inserted in it ; and we have not ,forgotten. what the leutiaries left but. And what, after all,' must be our decision upon the whole matter—rupon the merits of the Treaty, and. upon the wisdom of the Negotiators ? We have given to America nearly every advan tage which she desired in Commerce and Navigation; and we have relaxed in her favour a most im portant right. Not only have we gained nothing for ourselves, bat we , have abandoned what we thought essential to our. interests. The details of these operations, and the articles in which both were equally interested, we have so ma naged as to leave occasion fpr endless disputes.— On the three points in which England took the warmest interest—theintercourse with our C< ; Jtoniea ; —the Seamen ;--..and the Enemy's Colonial Trade, our arrangements stand thus. We have, on two of them,' made no provision at al) ;—on. the third we have: made a bad one. The censure which ' has been passed upon the Eleventh Article will, in fad, apply to the entire Treaty, since, in the whole transatiion, we have away 'eOncessiens.'• We have not by our. moderation obtained a reciprocity of advantage We haVe not induced America to consent to the acknOw ledg,ment and security of our own rights nor have we even made her sensible of our friendly dispOsi tion. The'Treaty, negociated by the Nephew of Fox himself, the first fruits of that new, SysteM of Foreign .I . iff.tkrs, the result of that conciliating Di plomacy, which was to 'put the FITZHERBERTS, FAIIIIISES; nay even 'the EnENS and the GREN vmuol, to the blush; this Treaty has been re jeCted by Jet'veaso4. By the ,man who, in pro fessions of Sinylicity, honesty, and liberality, was the Fox ..of the Transatlantic Continent. And why was it rejeaed ? because we had not ,conceded eliough, we had not given them enough of the Trade tlf India, we had not relaxed sufficiently our Law" of B/ockade, and Right of Search, we had ,not promised a sufficient compensation for vexatious de tention, our Eleventh Article was. not so liberal as it otight, as to the Enemy's Colonial Trade. Am I then not justified in asserting, that conces, sions have been thrown away) Am not warrant.. ed in withholding from our Ministers the praise, not only of energy and firmness, but of prudence and conciliation ? I am no adVocate for war with America ; turn indignantly from thoie who wish for war for commercial ,purposes ; hut 1 would nut go on doat ingly heaping benefits upon a people who'return our blessings with a curse. 1 would not revile much less would strike; • but 1 would abstain from unnecosary'intercoUrse with such a people. If t 4 very circumstance of the rejeaion o f the Treaty, be :not stiftleient to' destroy its claim to me- (4)- I alluded in my Secolid Letter to the confirmation of l i the first L'en Articles of the Old Treaty. Look tig at the 1 nature of these. Articles, perceiving them to be nearly a ll o f a teitiporary nature, rather of thedcscription of Preliminaries, 1 than of definitive Arrangements, it did strike, use as un. 1 accountable .that the tour Negotiators should renew. theta 411 witi; one dash of the pen, without inquiring übieb had been exkcoted, or buy they had been fulfilled. 1 nistanceckainotig other articles of this description, the Ag_reements relative to 1 the Rtvers Mississippi and St, Croix. 'lf did seem strange, i that if the Conimissioners bud adjusted the nutters retetwd Jorhem, the result should riot he stated in the Treaty, and 1, Oar it they had "al performed, their duty, the same in. tilt:dual - provision shoulsV - remain :as an agreeanent be. 1 live:en like two COUritriCS. The American Pamphlet to I which 1 alluded in a fernier Letter, informs me• that the Ctwo tillbjed6lWW in question remain, to this moment, un. bellied points. During the Administrationor Alr. A no i la n. I TO*, it seems a COOYCI10)11 was signed in.l.ondob, by whiCh • the ". suuject rwitter.of the Fourth and Fifth Articles was 1 completely provided for," This Convention, like our Tres... ty, . was rejeeted by the President. .1 am ignorant of 1 its pro -1% visions ; but it furnishes . clear . proof of the n ecess i ty of ,some new provision, and confirms most pointeillY:thedeubt. i• ful animadversions contained • in my Second Letter. The 1 . case of lioundary," indeed, is particularly mentioned by Mr. MaNitclll4 in his. Letter of a3d•Septenthei, iSos, with .I..the " linpressinent nf.Searaen,". as a point .Which oughl to I beadjusied, becausc,'" with a.view to perpetuate the triettrt -1 Ail) of the two Nations, no unnecetsari cause of coliisi o n I should be left opeti. 4 • • • : 1 In this sentiment of the American Minister I cordially: coti., curl and this it is winch promPts me to ohjett to the Treaty. 1 Not onry the Articles to which I have just alloyed, but trio .RigGsb, relating to Indemnificatian for illegal Captures, and ilthe 1 . wriv.tbird, granting reciprocally the " Ainicissilna" , Pens," art int:14414 in the censure thus occasioned. • Dutch Papers to the 30th ult. reached town last night, the contents of which will be found our subsequent Columns. Mr. ,GARLICKE, who was some time ago our Minister at Copenhagen, • was taken by a Danish Cruizer on his return from Memel ; the PRINCE 'ROYAL, however, immediately ordered it Vessel to convey .him and his Suit&to the Swedish Port of Ifelsingburgh. The French have at length evacuated the Fortress of Brannau, in pur suance of the Treaty of Presburgh ; but in ordet.tO obtain the performance of this article of the Treaty, there is reason to believe that Austria has been Coin pelled to enter into the Coalition against England,and to concur in the plans of France and'Russia for the partition of Turkey. An article from Vienna states, that orders have been sent to London to recall Prince: STAiIIiEMBERG. Count MIEN', however, who came over from France a few days ago . in a Flag of truce, with Dispatches for the AOstrian Ambassador, did ,not bring any such . orders ; if . ha had, the Prince would of course before this time have applied for his passports. The Transports which formed a part Of the Expe dition under the command of Sir C. COTTON, we are happy to' say, sustained so little damage, that they will be ready to sail again in a short time. GENERAL MIRANDA has arrived in town. We understand that he is still fully convinced of the PraEticability of an attempt upon . the Caracas, but whether such a measure will meet with the support of His Majesty's A,linisters we do not pretend 'to know. ' A rumour was circulated yesterday that a Nego• tiatigin for Peace between this Country and France . had commenced, and it was added that the - objedot TALLBtRAND'S journey to Holland is merely to enable him to carry on the Negociation more con. voniently. We cannot of counte speak upon such a suhjed with certainty t .. )but the report does not appear to us entitled to any credit. The leading Opposition Paper, in mentioning this rumour, ob serves, that reports of this kind are frequently cir sculated before the. nyteting of Parliament to-stifle the first breathings of discontent ; but the- breath ings of discontent against the present Ministers are ' so very ,faint, that it requires no such artifice to stifle them.. We must beg to make a ,very short answer to all the speculations of the Opposition Papers on the subjeol of Sicily. The Island is not evacuated, nor has there Been any intention .of evacuating it. The prese n t, Nh va l and Military force on ` that station is considered as perfeCtly competent in its defence. But one paper asks, why, if there still remains a sUfficient force, so great a proportipn of troops , has ltithetto'been kept in Sicily ? This question must • .be answered by the late Administration, The pre. sent fnund a very barge forz:e in . Sitily, and did not think it necessary to expose the troops, unnecessari ly, to the dangers and expence of a sea voyage, when it NUS quite uncertain in what Bart of the globe their services might be Wanted. fot But the whole force, was not in Sicily, a partiofit , was stationed in Malta, from whence fresh supOes have' now betin drawn into Sicily,•to replace the troops that have returned. As fcr,Sir YOI*I4 M )on E l s return, it will be recolleeted that he left Sicily in cOotolseri'*hen the events.* hich have-happened in l'iorttit;al Could not be foreseen. He had a most un- t lonV Voyage to the Sri-eights, and finding that - 0144 pbrpose of gets ing this Portuguese Fleet 09t,, of the Tagus was-effe&ed amicably before-he arrived, ' • what had he to dg, being so far cu his way, bat bring his little army hack - to England, to be .ttpt ;:- played as occasion might ,require ? Whatever may be the serviCe , for which General SPENCER was des. , tined, it is obvious that much time might have 00 lost, if we had - trusted to . orders,seaching. Sir -ranzi`.! MooaE, to the same effect; not to mention the ,in convenience. of giving nothing but written, instruem Cons. • It is a little too bad for the friends of the Wet Ministers to talk of insults offered to Sir Jour: . Wooiu the present. It is tiotoriotts that 0- thing but the warmest and [post• soldienlikioieal. would have induced that most excellent Officer'' to accept of a command, if comaiand it tney be ailed,. qnder another General of far less distinaion: ' The late Ministers sent him to the Ueilterrancan; where, although no man in the Army had a more forcible claim to a separate end distinguished command, he was placed second to the &rather of thi Foreign St:;.' cretary. 440 Who then. _insulted General Moonr ? And the atr tempted reparation., if vie are correaly informed, made the ithont much greater. It is said,' that to compensate' one of the most active Officers in the service, for the loss of a high command in'the pro bable seat of War, they offerecl him a District itt England. Yesterdair thd_Puke pf YORK held a Public my ! . at hip ptlice, in the Horse Qqards, to .seelit4ry OtEcers, in general, nppn business, His Ildy3l Highness gate audiences to Lord HasTumpoi General PiusEa, upon his return from Alexon• dria i and c.ieneral MoottL, upon bid oturq froi4 Sicily. The Pattalions &Guards halonging.to the 10 r,:nd 3d Regiments, that are arrived at. Portsthouth, tiro Sicily, are' on their march to Deal, where they arP expeOed to arrive in about ten days. . . - YesterdlY Gdvernment received advice that greaC diSWntions . prevailed at St. Petersburgh, on aCepoin of the unpopulat rupture ,with Englaod, and thfi CoMte Novoswrzorr, at a special audience, h4d, with his office' of Director of the Academy •of Sci! ences, requested permission to lay'all his Riissio l , hon Ours at the Emperor's feet • Further particulars respelling the departure of the Court of Portugal, gradually transpire. They We must communicate froin time to time as , ituLnfr. thodically as we receive them. • . . • The lialsicu RsogtaT went` on board.. the Fleet r2l .M before M. "AaAtun, the windows ,of whose . , were broken by the mob, in resentment fur n vi'"ii:ha ing, in their opinion, concealed frpth" them therilr • ous . and desperate situation of the Country. tid. was obliged to escape secretly an board a trigate. Adore the FRINGE sailed, he gave or d ers that. Oa guns of the forts , should. be spiked. Tne.Qoyerna of the Castle,(Lielier) obeyed these orders; hut !" Governor of the Port St. Julien disregar4cd that The Fattier: took with him 42 . chests of plate . . .g4n• alter his departure, beipitit Or the intia,bi' tants was not altogethersubdoed th e y. assetil btal! and proposed to t a lie; ; Yicer4 to rise. en unease ~against the invading French. Their rage was butindleop •bet the yieeroy deemed it proper to repress, instc4 ' of encouraging, their 'patriotic ar4our. In some of the accounts Intely:.reeeived fforl , Holland, the following are said to, : be the Quef,tiuni and Answers which passed upon the Etcaniinatioa of the Prince of ASTURIAS. . . . 1 Fitts/ QuistzoN--What _motive had your Roy& Highness to conspire against the n life of the ICIPS your Father ? AwswEit—l am struck with horror and mate" , meat at hearing the question; and I only answer 4 that lam a Christian, and klear God.* . ' - ''.. SaCOND QUESTION—What means the &euntf r' ' sign that your R o y a l Hi g h ness 'carried 'upon yot l # . I T . , secreted in the lining of your coat--fat .what put' •_,. pose was it, and who gave it you ? ANSWEIt--I ant unacquainted ti'ith the manning of the countersign ; and I declare it was the first time I put on that' dress. Those who stitched it O a ' - :I answer this charge. Tut ap (4111151'1014—What motive has your. Itor t Highness for carrying on a correspondence with th e Emperor of.the FREI4CH ; and to what end did Yo u carry it on ? • ANSWER - -The cortespondebce I had with the Env' peter of the FacNbuis, entire and unaltered, in till. . possession, and ready to be pnt into the * hands of .tbe , 1(1\4, my Father ; tbr it contains nothing offensiv e to his Royal' Person. had • I : oJriTli QUESTION—WP Iit hat motive y Royal Highness' ter having constantly four horSq saddled, and 'in readiness, indicating' appearances c‘l 1 a Bight ? • the A view s‘vl z O R I ptCnetirntaginnliyrsleihiat the dit given thii order, w it h whence Army , from whence I professed'make lt6(a)d6f the m F a r n e i l ; . : sl ' to my Father m'iiiiit I had never done, nainely? 0 1, thing relative to , the, teal-adtnrniSinition• and Il li a govvrometit Of the Parke OP rite` PEic&: ! IP , ' rhei;t4teiof declinein which he has,'phie . ed the - 41W .40in. _ ~' .. Then follows the Let ter from BOON APAII'VE to the PRINCE, with the Sword—already publibbed. , to The two Letter s f rom t h e P r i nce o f A n vilTA7 the KINO and Qvitat4,- dated Nov, s—already Pu lished., 7' l lften the Royal Decree, which accompanied sa • o I . 4etters, to be circulat e d throughout the nal' oo. 10 for thi• alleviation an d com f ort of the pe , vi ciri t had -been alarmed and afllided by the KiNG'fi ,rit, the reproaclo) bpd ,Oqrlten)Pttptis igiguage which Mr: JEFPBX4924IIas AtilaeSitleatly spolten of the,whole condu4t of England, has Aare)), tayglit us i ti‘t.coneiliati9n is tpw'oithily bestowed upori 4.me 7 . ricapg: If the Treaty was an experiment, it mug allo'wed completely to have failed. 1 fear, Sir, that long as have already trespassed' upon your time, I may have omitted a few points; I trust,- however, that I have sufficiently illustrated the diplornaey of Holland House, and the nature of Whig Conciliation. I trust, Sir, that I have -said "enough to induce the late Administration, if they still adhere to their arrogated superiority in diploniatics, to appeal, in future, to their transa&ions with Europe. If nei, ther their Negotiation with Russia, which has added millions to our Enemies; nor with the Porte, 'which nearly destroyed a British Squadron; , nor with . Yranee, which proceeded for fonr months before the,. basis, was fixed, and having . commenced in philanthropy, broke off in personal pique ;—lf, ABOVE ALL, their, feelings are not sufficiently gra tified, in recolle&ing the conduct and the :issue of the last Negotiation, with their. Surcaztsati, I 'do trust that they will not rely, for any portion of their fame, upon their rejecied Treaty with America. DECIUS. NIA L.S. ARRIVIO-1 Dublin. Du e.-7 Gottenburgh, 4 Waterford. THE SUN., SOLEM QUIZ DICSItit FALSUM AUDeAr? LON D , wEDNEsDAT, JANUARY 6, It9B.