The Sun. — London, England, 1838-08-28 00:00:00

WINDSOR-(MONDAY). This afternoon the Queen gave an audience to Viscount Melbourne, who arrived at the Castle at half-past four o'clock. The Queen, accompanied by her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, rode in the park on horseback, and was at tended by all the ladies and gentlemen of the Royal suite. COURT CIRCULAR. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, Prince George and Princess Augusta of Cambridge, attended by Miss Kerr, Colonel Schluter, Colonel Jones, and Colonel Cornwall, came to town yesterday morning from Kew. Their Royal High nesses returned to Kew in the afternoon. Lord and Lady Wharncliffe are staying on a visit to her Majesty the Queen Dowager, at Bushy Park. The Directors of the Colonial Bank, Mr. Irving, M.P., Mr. Masterman, Mr. P. M. Stewart, Mr. A. Stewart, Mr. Cavan, Mr. Maynard, and Mr. Charles A. Calvert, had an interview with Lord Glenelg and the Chancellor of the Ex chequer yesterday in Downing-street. Mr. Wickham and Mr. John Wood had an interview with Viscount Melbourne and the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday. Colonel Almonte, the Mexican Charge d'Affaires, trans acted business yesterday at the Foreign-office. A deputation from the Great Western Steam-ship Com pany; composed of Mr. Hawes, M. P., Mr. Claxton , and Mr. Guppy, h a d an i n terview with Lord Glenelg yesterday, at the Colonial-office. Viscount Melbourne left town yesterday afternoon, on a visit to her Majesty, at Windsor Castle. Despatches from Lisbon were received yesterday at the Foreign-office. Mr. Young, Mr. Cooper, and Mr. Lewis had interviews, yesterday, with Lord Glenelg. FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE. I 13) ARRIVALS. 'The Marquis of Clanricarde, in St. James's-squar , ., from Paris ; the Bishop of Rochester, from Hanover : Lord Howard de Walden, in Audley-square, from a visit to the Duke of Portland, at Welbeck Priory, Notts ; Mr. and Mrs. George Bosanquet, at Mivart's Hotel, Brook-street, from Warwick shire; M. de Lynch, at ditto, from Cheltenham ; Mr. R. W. Granpen, at ditto, from Herts; Lord and Lady Carrington, in Whitehall-place, from their seat, Wycombe Abbey ; Doctor Colles and family, at Marshal Thomson's Hotel, from the Continent. DEPARTURES. Mrs. W. Camac, from her marine villa, Hastings, for Lea- Mington Spa, en route to Sir Oswald and Lady Mosley, at Rollestone Park, and to attend the Doncaster races ; Lord =ld Lady Sondes and family, from St. James's - place , for L'tes Court, Kent ; the Hon. Frederick Bruce, on a tour ; the Ma.-quis of Huntley, from Charles-street, Berkeley-square, for I,Nis seat, Abovne Castle; Mr. and Mrs. George Bankes, for Ke'mpton House, Dorset ; Lord Glenlyon, from Fenton's Hotel, join the Royal Scots Greys in Dublin; Admiral the Honourable Sir John Talbot, from the Gloucester Hotel, for Malahide Castle, near Dublin ; Lord and Lady Sondes, from St• James's-place, for Eliham Hall, Norfolk ; Baron Stock anar for Brussels; the Hon. General Upton, for Milan; Lord and Lady Lilford, from Grosvenor-place, for Lilford House, Northamptonshire ; Lord Harry Vane, to join h i s father, the Duke o f Cleveland, at Worthing; Mr. and Mrs. Bingham -andfamily, from the Lansdowne Hotel , for Diepp e ; Sir Fran leis Sykes, from Park-lane, for Dieppe : Lord and Lady In gestrie, from Belgrave-square, on a visit to the Marquis of Waterford, at Curraghmore House, county Waterford ; the Marquis of Northampton and Lady Compton, from Thomas's Rotel, for Newcastle-upon .Tyne; the Earl and Countess Lis towell, from Belgrave- square, for their seat, Connamore House, 'county of Cork ; the Right Hon. James Abercromby, from Carlton House-terrace, for Scotland ; the Earl and Countess of Balcarras, from Berkeley-square, for their seat in Lanca shire; Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Lonsdale, from Brompton-grove, for Brighton ; Lord Bolingbroke, for Scotland ; Lord and Lady Abingdon, from Bond-street, for their seat in Oxford ariaire ; Earl Scer, from St. James's-place , for his seat in Yorkshire ; Srir Charles Broke Vere, Bart., M.P., for his seat Broke Hall, Ipswich; Lord and Lady Barrington, from Ca vendisit-square, for their seat in Oxfordshire. --- Count and Countess Charles Pozzo di Borgo are expected at Ashburnham House on Friday next from Paris, and intend passing the winter in this capital. The Dowager Lady Cockerell has left Hyde Park corner, suddenly, for Sezincot Park, in consequence of the continued indisposition of her son-in-law, the Viscount Deer burst. Lady Deerhurst joined her husband in the preceding 'eek. Th e Earl of Coventry and the Hon. Thomas Coven try have arrived there. The Russian Ambassador will not leave for Paris as vita anticipated. The French Ambassador and the Countess Sebas- Alani are still in town. .Sir Robert Peel, Bart., M.P., and Lady Peel have retturi,ed to Drayton Manor from a visit to the Duke of Rut d, at , Longshawe Lodge, Derbyshire. Lord Brougham is now sojourning at his seat, 13ro lig h am Hall. He appears in excellent health and spirits. The Bishop of London, accompanied by Mrs. Bloomfield and family, has left town, for Bognor, Sussex, th e Right Rev. Prelate and family intend passing the autumn. Si: John Herschel, it is said is to be the President of the Royal Society, in the room of the Duke of Sussex, re signed. Si r J ohn and t h e R oya l D u k e wer e rival candidates for the honour when the last vacancy occurred. Open house was kept at Bentley Priory, near Stantoore, on Saturday, to celebrate the birth of the infant Viscouut Hamilton, son and heir of the Marquis of Abercorn. Good cheer was given to all comers by orders of the noble proprietor of the Priory, and the bells of the village church rang a merry peal on the occasion. The Duchess of Bedford and Lady Georgiana Russell were present at Byam Hous e, Brighton, at the birth of the noble infant, who is born to the inheritance of peerages in England, Scotland, and Ireland, and unincumbered estates of the value of 90,0001. per annum. The Earl of Ripon has taken a villa at Highgate for the autumn. His Lordship is rebuilding the family seat, Nocton Hall, in Lincolnshire. Until the edifice is completed, Lila Noble Lord, while at Noct)n, takes up his residence at i "ethil Rectory, belonging to his relative, the lion. and Rev. the Dean of Windsor. His Royal Highness the Duke of Sussex has ar rived on a visit to his friend Alexander Thistelwayte, Esq., at Southwick Park, near Fareham, where he is expected to re lit,. ,'tin a fortnight, and then proceed on his annual tour of visits. i-at,el Henry John S. Churchill, the Royal Duke's Resident Eques'ry, has been appointed to the command of the Vernon, new flit ) . gun frigate, at Sheerness, in which his Lordship will Sail to join the fleet under the command of the Hon. Admiral Sir Robert Stopford, in the Mediterranean. Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Nassau, and tue young Princes, are expected to pay a length *fled visit to this country early in the ensuing spring. The Duke of St. Albans' mansion in Piccadilly is undaygoing very considerable alterations and improvements. His Crie s ; has arrived at the picturesque seat of his friend, Mr. Stuart Oall, Bittern Manor House, in the New Forest. The Hon. Captain Osborne, of the 26th foot, Mi litary Secretary his uncle, Lord Godolphin, Governor-Ge neral of India, had a :most narrow escape in April last. When out tiger shooting in the Dhoon three tigers got up suddenly under the very feet of his elephant, which so affrighted the animal that he actually shock his rider off his back. Cap tain Osborne is said to have failen on one of the tigers, and, t'trange to say, the whole three tigers took fright and ran away. NYOIMICH UNION LIFE OFFICE.—The public ar e aware, from some recent discussions, of the great extent of this EstabL'shment, which takes rank, we believe, as second Life Office in the United Kingdom, and has its head-quarters likewise in our city. The Norwich Union was, we are in formed, the first office to commence business on the scale of rates nearly 101. per cent. below the elder offices, thus mate. rially cheapening insurance ,to the public, and yielding an ad vantage to policy-holders equivalent to an annual bonus. On the total of its business, since the first establishment of the office, this advantage has, we understand, amounted to no less a sum than 300,0001. In other words, had the same quantum of insurance business been transacted at the Equitable, the Rock, the Atlas, or most other Life Offices, the public must have paid 300,0001. more than the Norwich Office has charged. 3n addition to this important advantage, it is stated in the published accounts, that bonuses have been declared at dif _ferent periods to the amount of 445,798/. By the first report of the referees appointed at the general meeting of November last to investigate the affairs of this Society, it appears that notwi:hstanding its reduced scale of premiums, as compared with ogler offices, the state of its affairs is such, that those gentlemeo, after instituting a " most elaborate and searching investigatioi: a " declare, that " they have every reas.m to be lieve the interests of the assured are perfectly secure." They also express then: selves justified in the belief that the present scale of premiums ("which have yielded the above advantages) is amply sufficient ; and a gratifying prospect is held out to the assured that a further " handsome bonus will at no distant period be declared." Cord;ally then do we congratulate the managers of the office on this honourable testimony to their skill in carrying out the principles on which it is founded, and to their caution in the admission of on which the welfare of , a Life Office may be said entirely to rest. For the honour of 'alir native city, we rejoice to find that an establishment bearing the name of " Norwich" (and where we hope it may flouri s h for many a generation) has realized such splerolid ad vantages ,`o the public, is sound in its present condition, and bids fair to ecure all the prospective benefits which its sin cerest well-withers could desire.—Norfolk Chronicle. NEW N0V71. , EDITED By MISS LANDON.—We are requested to stain that the new novel entitled " Duty and Inclination," edited by Mi,s Landon, author of " Ethel Churchill," ~ The Impi,ovisatriee," &c., in ; 4 ). vols., is pub lished this day by Mr. Coil'ura, Great Marlborough-street, and may be had at all the libra:ies. Mr. Colburn has also recantly published the following poplar new works of fic tion :--1. The Glanville Firmly, by a Lad; of Rank, 4' vols. ; 2. Poe Woman of the World, by the Authoo:.:Fs of "'Elio Di i a e r n y dse: a Desennuvee," 3 vols. ; 3 Sli...ksp- are Anal his Friend; 0 , the Golden Age of Merry England, an tiis torical Romance, vols. ;4. The Greenwich Pensioners, a companion to Mr. "'Chelsea Pensioners," 3 vols. b. Li g ht s an d Sh a d ows of Life, h Sirs. S. C. Halh,; 3 vols. ' • and 6. Outward Bound ; c a Meld:ant'. Iven tures, by the author of " Rattlin the ite, - .Ser," &c., 3 vols. LORD BROUGHAM'S DEEDS. (From the Brighton Patriot, a Radical paper, recommended . by Cobbett in the last number of his Regzster.) " If you hear a man enlarging upon Lord Brougham's feebleness of character, complaining of the injury he is doing is to the progress of liberalism, and asse rtin g t h at be aiding the Tories, depend upon it the speaker is a Whig, and is no farther advanced in politics than in upholding such opinions as com monly belong to the limited view of a very narrow politician. Lord Brougham's merits and deeds are substantial, and have been demonstrated during the past Session, in various beneficial oppositions to the pernicious tendencies of the present Admi. nistration. When Lord J. rZussell declared that Reform should halt, and that Ballot, Triennial Parliaments, and Ex. tension of the Suffrage, should not be obtained, Lord Brougham began to place himself in direct opposition to the Whig Ad ministration, and gave, as a reason for his opposition, this de claration. Now was this, or was this not, impeding the march of liberalism ? When the Canada measures were in progress, Lord Brougham opposed them by argument, and all his power of eloquence and authority. What were the Canada measures? Did they not spring out of those pernicious resolutions which ave been so much talked of, an I from t he seizure of the public chest, and from violations of that Constitution which had been given to the Canadians, and which they understood they were allowed, but afterwards found they could not, and dared not, exercise ; and were not these measures the unjust conse quences of a civil war, incited and provoked by the Whigs ? If this be the real case, Lord Brougham's opposition to the Whigs, in this nefarious business, was in every way praise worthy, and consonant to the principles of a humane and en lightened statesman. But how much more will his conduct in this affair be worthy of admiration if it should he found, and we assert that it is so, that the Canadas are a burthen, a tax, and a toil, on the people of this country, and that they serve only as a provision to the Ministry's friends for the time being, and are a general inconvenience. In this particular was Lord - Irougham faulty, and did he oppose liberalism ? Lord Brougham discovered and exposed those orders in council, by which the Hill Coolies, as they are called, of Bengal, were Co be transported to the Mauritius and the West Indies, and to be made slaves of under the appellation of apprenticed labourers ; we say that Lord Brougham discovered these obscure and secret orders in council, brought them to light, exposed them,. denounced them, and shamed the Ministers out of them. Was this opposing liberalism, or doing aught contrary to the well being of mankind, or the progress of liberty? When, after discovering that the apprentices in the West Indies were treated and oppressed as slaves, and it was known that the planters and slave-owners had received the price of granting freedom to them, without rendering their condition more tole rable, was it Lord Brougham, or any of the Whig Ministry, who exerted themselves to promote immediate abolition ? Who pleaded in the cause of humanity? Who agitated? Who in. duced the greater part of the West India islands to grant im mediate freedom? Was it Lord Brougham, or was it not? Since these things were done, has not Lord Brougham held a severe and chastising hand over the Whig Ministry, exposed their bad motives, and kept in check their errors ? Did he not expose them on the Admiralty orders, and has he not very lately rapped the knuckles of their Governor-General for ex ceeding the power given to him, and taking upon himself illegal decisions, unworthy of his character and situation? " These are among the good deeds and useful services ren dered to the state by Lord Brougham. But the motive, cry out his opponents ; look at the motive ; is it not founded in malevolence and jealousy ? To this question, and questions of this sort, we reply, that the motives of human actions are too deep for our discovery. We look only to the result, and seeing that it is beneficial to the people, we are well pleased and satisfied with it. Lord Brougham declares that he began to oppose the Whig Ministry when they began to oppose re form. We know that the Whig Ministry are no longer a re forming Ministry, and, therefore, that Lord Brougham has a justifiable plea for his opposition. The Whig Ministry assert that Lord Brougham's opposition is the result of evil passions, and that he is impeding liberal measures. We have shown that he is promoting liberal measures in opposition to the Whig Ministry. But let us set aside the motive, and look only to the result, and we shall see that Lord Brougham has been promoting great good under some passion or feeling, be it good or bad. That he will be hereafter the promoter of much good; that he will be hereafter the most strenuous advocate of Ballot, Triennial Parliaments, and Extended Suffrage, and probably upset and discomfit the Whig Ministry; we have no doubt." GAELIC TRANSLATION. The following vivid description of a thunder storm, suc ceeded by a calm, is taken from a Gaelic translation of Montgomery's " Omnipresence of the Deity," by the Rev. John Lees, Secretary to the Caledonian Asylum. We fear few of our readers will understand it, but those few, and even all who hear it read, will admire the force of the language of " Old Gaul," and its wonderful powers in snaking the sound an echo to the sense : THUNDER STORM. Stoirm thairneanaich! ard-fhileantachd nan neamb, 'Nuair tha na neoil air 'n reubadh garg o'm pramh, CO nach do stad fo ghuth an osnaidh 'S nach d'mothaich 'n t-Uile-chumhachdach aig laimh ? Cia duaichnidh 'n sealladh tha nis a' teannadh I 'N duilleach le cagal nadurra' crathadh, Na h-uisgean maraon, caiteanadh le uamhain, Gu'n deo gaoith tha bruith-theas air feadh 'n domhain ; 'S mu dheireadh 'n trim f bras uisg' gu tuiteam, Le caithream bhoinn'laich air chraobh 's air fhasgadh, Am feadh tha faoin sgleOdhean 's na speur dhisbhlaidh,— A' coth'rachadh stoirm thairneanaich ' dluthadh I Oh I bhi nis 'nam aonar air airde seamh, Is an sealladh dorch, fo dhirth-bhrat nan neamh, A' frlireadh stathrum nan neul lan' a' sracadh, 'M feadh tha dealanaich luath 's cian a' lasadh,— Ag amharc uamha nan speur a' dortadh, Na lasraichean teintein tha 'na 'm br4th' comhnuidh, 'Sa faicinn na saighdean Lein' laidh 'a 'g eiridh, 'Nan dian-shiubhal caithr'mach feadh na speuribh,— N' t-anam,a'clisgeadh, 's mac-talla co-fhuaim, Is Dia 'san Torrunn, criotbnachadh 'n dombain I THE CALM. Cluinn 1 tha glaodh nan gaoth air taladh gu tamh, Is tonnan beaga bachlach a' ruith gu traidh, 'M feadh tha Nadur' dusgadh gu h-Or soilleir, Mar Dhochas a' briseadh tro' ghruaim 'n eagail,— 'S an druchd air preasaibh gu geal paid'reanach, Amhuil dcoir aoibhneis air suil na h-aildeachd, Cia ncamhaidh 'nis cuairt smaointeachail 'g amharc, 'N caochladh seallAh eadar stoirm is samhchair 1 Air thus, a'Ghrian ' tighinn 's a gliniris loth-fhaicht' Mar high' narach bhanail ri cleith a h-ailde, 'M feadh tha neoil dhorcha 's an iomaill soilleir, Aon air aon ag aomadh do 'n ghorm aigeann, Gus na laidh air aghaidh daithte nan speur, Dealbhan neamhnuideach mar thonnaibh leabbte, 'N sin na tlath ghaoth' borbhanach le 'n co-sheirm ; Plosgartaich 's fradht' mar dhilleachdain na stoirm ; 'Nis' deoghal nam blath, 's a nis da 'n crathadh, No cuairteagach air uisg' nam four-lochan ; Mar so fuair 'n doinionn bas ; is soilleir 's seam's, Tha am bogha-braoin a' laidh thall air sliabh : 'S nis, 'nuair tha blath 's gaoth tait'neach le cheile, 'S an uile deal'sach le solas eibhinn, Dhe I co 's urradh seasamh air 'n talamh Gun Thus' mhoth'chadh measg solasaibh cho mOr ? The following are the words of the original : A thunder storm 1 the eloquence of heaven, When every cloud is from its slumber riven, Who bath not paused beneath its hollow groan, And felt omnipotence around him thrown? With what a gloom the ushering scene appears 1 The leaves are fluttering with instinctive fears, The waters curling with a fellow dread, A breezeless fervour round creation spread; And, last, the heavy rain's reluctant shower, With big drops patt'ring on the tree and bower, While wizard shapes the low'ring sky deform— And mark the coming of the thunder storm Oh I now to be alone, on some still height, When heaven's black curtains shadow all the sight, And watch thte avvolln elood6 their bosoms clash, While fleet and far the living lightnings flash,— To mark the caverns of the sky disclose The furnace flames that in their wombs repose, And see the fiery arrows fall and rise, In dizzy chase along the rattling skies— flow stirs the spirit while the echoes roll, And God, in thunder, rocks from pole to pole 1 THE CALM. List ! now the cradled winds have hush'd their roar, And infant waves curl pouting to the shore, While Nature seems to wake up fresh and clear, As Hope emerging from the gloom of fear,— And the bright dew-bead on the bramble lies, Like liquid rapture upon beauty's eyes,— How heavenly 'tie to take the pensive range, And mark 'tween storm 'sad calm the lovely change First cornea the sun, unveiling half his face, Like coy virgin, with reluctant grace, While dark clouds, skirted with his slanting ray, Roll, one by one, in azure depths away, Till pearly shapes, like molten billows, lie Along the tinted bosom of the sky : Next, breezes murmur with harmonious charm, Panting and wild, like orphans of the storm; Now sipping flowers, now making blossoms shake, Or weaving ripples on the grass-green lake ; And thus the tempest dies ; and bright, and still, The rainbow drops upon the d:slant hill; And now, while bloom and breeze their charms unite; And all is glowing with a fresh delight, God ! who can tread upon the breathing ground, Nor feel Thee present, where Thy smiles abound ? Yesterday' Mr. Crosby, a respectable butcher of Bermondsey-street, wa3 summoned before Aldermen Lucas and Wilson on the Police Committee, for having allowed his cart to stand in St. Paul'; Churchyard, thereby constituting a nuisance to the shopkeepers in that vicinity. The vegetable market of Newgate-market having been removed to Farring. don by vote of Common Council, some of the inhabitants of the neighbourhood th-tught the occasion a good one for peti t;oning for an :Ibitemnt of ::hat sonic of the residents consi del ed to be a nuisance, arising from the crowding of carts, and Alderman Wilson, the presiling iilatrate of the ward, flirectel the owners of any found waiting in St. Paul's Chuip':yard should be Furnmor.cd More hint. After some dis cussion, in which Altlyinan Wilson, Deputy Hicks, Under - Shp:lff Wire, and Alderman Lucas took part, the Commlttee came to the determination to adhere to the more con course of altuwlvtg tl7; bkitcher to draw up their carts i St. --I 's Church-yard. ra►. _= ~~.-,, f THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 28, 1838. CHARGES OF LUNACY TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. ESTEEMED SlR—The liberty of all persons is properly held as of incalculable moment, and no one should be deprived of it without strict and impartial investigation and unquestionable proof of unfitness to mix wich society. It is equally clear that an imputation of insanity aggravates all the circumstances of imprisonsonment, and that if made from interested motives, or hastily, without good grounds, should be severely dealt with as the law awards. As no person would venture to argue against the foregoing positions, it is matter of serious complaint that upon the certificate of one petty apothecary or pretender to physic, which may be readily obtained from base persons for 10s., an honourable man may be torn from those dearest to him, and general society, and sent to a public asylum, sup ported by the public purse, wherein, as in too many other public institutions, it is not to be expected that well paid and easy livine. persons (who, to use the language of the physi c i an to one oCthem, " LEAVE THEIR PATIENTS TO NATURE !" and who do not wish their asylums uupatronized) will trouble themselves much in scrutinizing_ cases. Then, after recepti on , it is not very natural that an admission of negligence or error will be made by any wrong-doing party, and the injured per son is to be left to the melancholy consequences. Several cases have been submitted to Parliamentary 31 Com mittees and Courts of Law, showing so methin g more than the possibility of sarong-doing, and the care that should lie exer cised before confinement be allowed or libels of lunacy justi fied. A very able and awakening article will be found in the 8 Edinburgh Review, No. XLVI., August, to 471, which deserves the attention of all humane persons. That article fully makes out my last painful allegation of wrong_ doing, and the necessity of a new system. More recently in a case tried before the late most excellent Judge, Lord Tenterden, for false imprisonment, in only re straining a gentleman for three days to his own house under a charge of lunacy, his Lordship justly and humanely said that he would not allow the liberty of the person to be trifled with, nor countenance the very dangerous and presumptuous claim of any medical men (though they might be what are called Mad Doctors 1 !) to be the exclusive and dogmatical judges of insanity, and that youthful or other foolish freaks of persons should not be deemed (however otherwise to be deprecated) sufficient to warrant an imputation of insanity—for if this were allowed, the irregularities of young persons in good circum stances might be adduced by their kin to their irreparable injury ; and the special jury, after along trial and strong evidence from some mad doctors, under his Lordship's direction gave a ver dict for the plaintiff with 300/. damages, which, with the heavy costs of the cause, put the defendant, a mad-house-keeper, to the expense of about 1,0001. The doctor who signed the cer tificate, escaped by death from the consequences of an action against him for the libel, and the member of the plaintiff's family who bad instigated the wrong-doing, admitted his error, and with considerable difficulty and expense saved himself from punishment. More recently still the case of Davis of Philpot-lane, tea dealer, who was declared by some person a lunatic, shows the necessity of inquiry—a jury of his fellow-citizens protected him from the awful consequences. The withering effects of an imputation of insanity cannot be too fully felt, but the horrors of imprisonment under it arising from the abode—the yells, groans, rattlin g of chains, and other miseries of the inmates, seem calculated to shake a mind, if not before affected; and, in respect to the treatment and means for the recovery of the really insane in those establish ments, it is apprehended much remains for the benevolent to do, unless the awful stigma of insanity (otherwise so slightly noticed by society) is to exclude all persons so charged from benevolence altogether. Why so little is felt is quite unac countable, when so much is involved, and all persons are ex posed to similar treatment I Should a public inquiry be instituted, of an open nature and proper character, a considerable number of talented and con scientious medical gentlemen would give heart-moving evi dence of the wrongs that have come under their notice, and the imperfections of the present system. I have many cases of a shocking nature which I may here after furnish, but for the present I simply solicit the best con sideration of the public to this weighty subject, and suggest that no legitimate means should be left unused to prevent future possible wrong-doing to any person, either through error or base motives. I am, esteemed Sir, Yours respectfully, HUMANITY. August 25, 1837?. SHETLAND DESTITUTION• TO THE REV. DOCTOR CROMBIE, ONE OF THE SECRETARIES OF THE HIGHLAND AND ISLAND DESTITUTION COMMITTEE OF LONDON. SIR-Your letter in the Times, of the 10th inst., and Dr. Barclay's reply to it, have only reached Lerwick , b y this day's mail. Allow me to say, that unless you had been able to furnish a better defence than you have made out for the de linquent members of the London Committee, it would have been prudent in you to leave the vindication of their extraor dinary proceedings to the "gallant dyspeptic" of the Times, or some other lay champion of misappropriation. Must people will be of opinion that a clergyman does not take the likeliest method of advancing his own respectability, or supporting that of his order, by standing forward as the advocate of cruelty and injustice. It is true, that in the concluding paragraph of your letter you gently hint your disapproval of that monstrous misappropriation which every honest man in the kingdom has denounced, informing us that you were no party to the Strath puffer job—that had you been present you would have voted against it—and that your name, which, together with those of three other Secretaries, is appended to the iniquitous resolu tions, wasforged. This disclosure undoubtedly entitles you to exemption from the censure which has been so unsparingly arid so deservedly lavished on that particular transaction by an in dignant public, although it is not calculated to raise one's opinion of the scrupulous integrity of some of those members of the Committee over whom you are desirous to extend the shield of your protection. But, Sir, while you escape from the odium of wishing to apply the funds to a water hospital, you must, I fear, be convicted of a desire to accomplish a job not one whit less reprehensible. In the month of May, when the Committee were fully in formed of the extent of the destitution in Shetland, notice was given by Mr. Waugh of a motion for handing over the whole of the funds to the Edinburgh and Glasgow Committees, or to one of them—those Committees having solemnly, and, as they say, irrevocably, devoted to emigration purposes every farthing of the destitution funds that they could clutch. That motion was discussed at the meeting of the 20th June, which I rather think was more fully attended than some of you liked. How you voted on the question, or whether you voted at all, I have no means of knowing ; but this I know, that in two interviews which I had with you between the notice of motion and the meeting for its discussion, you declared your determination to support it. A similar determination was ex pressed by your principal Secretary Mr. Nisbet ; and the only difference of opinion between you was as to which of the Emi gration Committees should he the favoured recipient of the cash. Mr. Nisbet was for giving the whole 10,0001. to his friends in Glasgow, while you, like an impartial steward, were for dividing the spoil between them. And this, Sir, in the face of the reiterated resolutions of your Committee and the official letters of its Secretaries, denouncing emigration as foreign to the object for which the money was collected and entrusted to your charge No wonder you touch so lightly on the delinquency of the Strathpeffer resolutionists, for you will kne w how they could retort. No wonder you labour so hard to explain away the destitution of the famishing Shet lenders, for unless you can persuade the public that want of food and of the means of obtaining it is no evidence of destitu tion, and that seven Shetland months are only " ten weeks" in England, you know the verdict that will he passed on him who advocated the proposal for handing over to Emigration Com mittees the funds " entrusted to his charge" for the express and sole purpose of supplying the " destitute with the neces saries of life." You, therefore, individually, have no right to take credit, as you " most disingenuously" do, for a desire to reserve the destitution fund to " meet the claims that are now pouring in upon you from all quarters ;" for had not your purpose been overruled, not one fraction of a farthing would have been reserved by your Committee for the relief of destitution. Let it not be alleged that although you ad vocated the surrender of the funds to these Emigration Com mittees, you intended to stipulate for relief out of them to proved cases of destitution, for such an intention you most explicitly disclaimed. To my urgent entreaties to you and Mr. Nisbet, that the grant to these Commit tees, if made in termsof Mr. Waugh's motion, should be accomp anied with an i njunction to inquire into and relieve the distress in Shetland, the answer given by both of you was, that your Committee could not and would not couple the grant with any such injunction. Cloak it, therefore, as you will, the proposal, of which I found you a strenuous supporter, was virtually, nay directly, che forlap plying the whole of the destitution funds at your diseosa t o o emigration purposes ; and this flagrant attempt at . nns c a u P n P s r is_ priation is rendered more prominently odious by . and Y ' o,u u l lar da tee your with the previous professions and pledges of your coadjutors. By what means, and . at what . perm of the your conscientious horror at the emigration schemes I shall Edinburgh and Glasgow Committees was overcome, howv not at present attempt to trace. You can tell inc , ondon on a in what month in spring Doctor M'Leod visited L its tell you church extension and emigration mission, and I can wrote that immediately after his visit, Mr. Secretary Nis ner to the Edinburgh Committee that Doctor NPLeod wa :m' ore fectly satisfied with the position of your Committee. d one ominous annunciation for the destitute Shetlauders, an more calculate) to awaken suspicions of the sincerity of u your eer, Committee's former professions, could not well have ot, made, for in Scotland Doctor M'Leod has the reputation being "emigration mad." to break Now, Sir, having shown how much reason you have break the fall of the Strethpeffer jobbers, inasmuch as y ou and ydudr clique dare not throw the first stone, I should have procee . e . to expose, at considerable length, the futile attem.pts wlnFh you have made to defend yourself and your coadjutors, by charging me with disingenuoasness and exaggeration,and y denying the extent of the destitution which pervades the Shet land Islands ; but in that task I have been anticipated by Dr. Barclay, who in his published reply to your letter, has hunted you through all your windings, exposed the sophistry of Y°u r reasonings, and demonst ra t e d t h e groundlessness of y our alle gations. To his lette r I re f er t h e public for my vinclication; I desire you to consider every statement and every opinion it contains as mine, and I leave you the option either t o answer in the hest way you can, or by your silence to admit t hat y ou ear cenvicteu of the most glaring misrepresentations. I am, Sir, your ohedieet servant, Lerwick, August 20, 183 S. T. BARCLAY- P. S. In addition to the numerous distortions of fact whieh Dr Barclay has pointed out in your aioloectical letter , I be g to tell you . that in assertin g th a t I demanded' e ' for Shetland the whole residue of your funds, you have allowed yourielf to make an allegation ; which .5 the reverse of correct. I stated on one occasion my conviction—which alas I I have not seen reason to alter—that to afford adequate relief to the destitute in Shetland would require greater means than your Commit tee were possessed of ; but so far was I from demanding, or exp:cting, or wishing, the whole funds to be given to the suf fering Shetlanders, that I distinctly expressed to the members of the Committee, w hom I saw after the meeting on the 20th of June, the hope that I should be regarded as pleading the cause of the destitute in the Highlands and Western Islands, as well as in Shetland, and that aid would be afforded to the suff2ring districts in the Isle of Skye, on whose behalf an ap plication had been made to you. Again, to enhance the claim of your Committee to the gratitude of the Shctlanders—which none of them have ever been backward to admit to the utmost extent that was due—you state that 15,000/. worth of provi sions were received last year by the Shetlandcrs, " and that chiefly from London." Were you dreaming when you penned that stiternent ? nearly 15,0001. given last }ear to Shetland by the London Committee ! say something between three and four thousand, and you will be nearer the truth. These, Sir, are merely specimens of the reckless manner in which you deal not only with figures of speech, but with figures of arithmetic; and for your own sake I adjure you to be more careful in future. T. B. CONSECRATION of the CHIGWELL MASONIC LODGE. On Wednesday last, a numerous gathering of the craft took place at Chigwell, for the purpose of assisting in the conse cration of the first Masonic Lodge held in that place, by the immediate promotion of Brother G. R. Rowe, and several other influential members of the Dundee Lodge, and under the ready and zealous auspices of Rowland Alston, Esq., M.P., Provincial Grand Master for Essex, and his son Rowland Al ston, Esq., the deputy P. G. Master for this county. Among those present were Brothers Edward Harper, G. S. ; R. T. Crucefix, (M. D.) past J. G. D. ; John Pattison, P. G. S., and L. Thompson, P. G. D. C. for Essex, &c. The Consecration took place at the King's Head, the P. G. Master presiding. A choice banquet took place on the ceca sion, in the course of which, The DEPUTY PROVINCIAL GRAND MASTER having obtained the sanction of the Chair to propose a toast, assured the com pany that he embraced with much gratification the opportunity afforded to him, of testifying his opinion of the vast utility of the Freemasons' Quarterly Review. —(Cheers.) It was of great service to the craft, and of advantage to all mankind, that such an organ should exist to publish and extend through out the world the principles of Freemasoary.—( Hear, hear.) In connexion, therefore, with that opinion, lie would give " The Health of Dr. Crucefix."—(Cheers.) Brother CRUCEFIX, on returning thanks, observed that such acknowledgments of the usefulness of his labours fell like music on the ear, and he trusted that the compliment was not totally undeserved.—( Hear.) The object of his Masonic career was the extension of the order under the most favour able and enduring circumstances. Having attended their pro ceedings as a Mason, he was glad to see that the halcyon days of Freemasonry were not yet passed away, but that the pre sent gave promise of a still brighter future—that the conse cration of the Chigwell Lodge, under so many pleasing cir cumstances, might be hailed as the harbinger of many such meetings.—(Cheers.) Sincerely would he pray that every prosperity might attend the Lodge—that every good might befall Fremasons—and that the blessed inculcation of " Love one another" might never be forgotten there or elsewhere.— (Cheers. ) At half-past ten the party broke up, with mutual demon strations of happiness and good-will. THE GROWTH OF THE LOAF. Miraculous is the growth of the loaf under the forcing sys tem adopted in the hot-house of the Aristocracy. The white loaf is growing brown. The brown loaf is growing black. The black is growing small. The whole thing is progressing after what children call " cowtail" fashion, that is " grow ing downwards." And if it travels at its present rate, we bell very soon hear the people merrily chanting in all directions, Our loaf is good because it is so small, while the Aristocracy, delighted with the success of their bread tax, will chorus their response, Then 'twould be better, were it none at all. Now the people ought to know exactly whence the starvation which is impending over them comes. It comes from the iniquitous Corn-laws. The result of the working of the Corn-laws is, that in all years, by the exclusion of foreign corn the people are obliged to buy bread at a high price, the landlord's price, while, occasionally, as at the pre sent time, they are liable to famine. The Aristocracy, alarmed at the storm of public indignation which is gather ing, while they cannot deny that in common years they tax the poor man's appetite to pamper their own luxury, yet are everywhere protesting that, at all events, they are guiltless of a year of scarcity, that they cannot control the elements, and why, then, should the people, if starved, vent their anger upon them? We will tell them why. We will show them that they are not guiltless. They cannot indeed control the elements, but still, if the people are starved during the ap poaching winter, they only will be the guilty parties. The weather is seldom the same in every country at once. There may be a luxuriant harvest abroad, while there is a short crop in England. The over abundance, therefore, of the foreign supply would, were there no Corn-laws, always be available to make up the deficiency at home ; but, then, the effect of the Corn-laws extends be yond England into other countries. The English market being closed agai?.st the foreign grower of corn, he ceases to grow it beyond the supply necessary for his own country. He turns his land to other purposes, or allows it to be uncultivated altogether, and thus, when a year of scarcity, like the pre sent, arrives in England, we have no where to turn for a re medy and alleviation, except by going into the foreign market at a ruinous starvation price. Let the people, then, bestir themselves to get rid of this accursed and grinding impost upon bread. Let us have an Anti Corn-law Association in "a long pull, and strong pull, and a pull alto everygeth place, and gather" to get rid of the abomination. Remember the three loaves exhibited at Birmingham. Remember that the six penny loaf at Paris is tertpence halfpenny in London , that is , stxpence for bread and fo Churp ron ence-halfpenny for the tax to the ar istocracy. p —Liverool icle. ENGLISH OPERA HOUSE.—An alteration in the cast of Mr. G. Macfarren's successful Devil's Opera took place last night, owin. to the departure of Mr. and Mrs E. Seguin, who leave this ° day for the United States, to * join Miss Shirreff and Mr. Wilson in giving English operas to Transatlantic audiences. Their places have been filled by Miss P. Horton and Mr. George Lejeune—the latter a pupil of the Royal Academy. Mr. Lejeune promises well as an actor, but as a singer he is deficient in quality of tone, albeit he sings with tact. He was somewhat nervous and imperfect, and for that reason we presume omitted the opening scena. The opera was received with deserved enthusiasm, and is now an established favourite, for the trio for three saprani is nightly encored, as also the plaintive ballads chastely sung by Mr. Burnett. Miss Poole's acting of the duenna is inimitable, and her vocalisation leaves nothing to be desired, whilst Wie laad's diablerie creates universal merriment. The house was a full one. AsTLEY'S.—Under so spirited a management as Ducrow's, this theatre cannot fail to enjoy its fair proportion of public favour. Last night, to a very orowded house, was aerated, under the superintendence of Mr. West, junior, a presented, revival of Bonaparte's Invasion of Russia ; or the Conflagration of Moscow, which was most favourably received, an d was succeede d b y a novelt y of a more than usually extra ordinary and attractive character, called The Brute Tamer of poinpei i ar, the Living Lions of the Jungle. This novelty, which is evidently based upon a portion of Bulwer's " Last Days of Pompeii," has no pretensions to much of a dramatic ki n d, but is simply intended as a vehicle for the introduction to an English public of a fine collection of well tr a i ne d ani mals which have recently arrived from America. Their keeper, Mr. Van Amburgh, performs Malerius (a Roman re negade), who, being captured, is condemned to death by the Emperor of Pompeii (Mr. Campbell), and for this purpose he is thrown successively into two dens of wild beasts—the first containing a lion, lioness, tigress, and leopard. The second— s full-grown lion, a young lion, a tigress, and three leopards. These, by some hidden power, he is supposed to subjugate, not less to the manifest consternation and disappointment of the Emperor, who eventually pardons him, than to the great joy of the spectato r s of which the audience , who testify their de light in unequivocal applause, may be supposed to form a por tion. Such is the dramatic part, but to the other we fear it is impossible on our part to do adequate justice—to be believed and understood it must be seen. But of this they may ba per fcctly assured, that the exhibition excites neither disgust nor alarm, but, on the contrary, gratification—the perfect safety of Mr. Van Amburgh, owing to the subdued ferocity of these monarchs of the forest, affording the most satisfactory evidence of the supremacy of mental over brute force.. ALLEDGED OUTRAGE BY AN OFFICER OF THE GUARDS.—On Friday forenoon, a little after eleven o'clock, a circumstance of a very extraordinary and unjustifi able description, on the p irt of the military, took place at the entrance of Hyde Park, near Apsley House. At the hour above stated, the relief, or new guard, consisting of a detach ment of the third battalion of Grenadier Guards, were on their route from Portman-street barracks to St. James's Palace . In passing through one of the entrances into Piccadilly the progress of the soldiery was somewhat impeded by a concourse of persons who usually follow the band. A youth of about thirteen years af age was endeavouring to pass through the crowd, between the band and the foremost of the detachment, when he was obssrved by one of the offieers in command, who prevented his intentions, not merely by ordering the lad to re tire, but giving him a thrust with his drawn sword ! The boy screamed out, and ran across the road towards Constitution- The poor little fellow soon discovered that he was wounded on the sight side below the hip; and after walking a short distance across the Green Park (in which direction he had barn ssnt by his parents on an errand) he became faint and was obliged to sit down on the g rass ; a p erson p assin g , seers`g th e l a d crying, inquired the cause, and on being told, advised the boy to go to St. George's Hosp'tal ; on his reach ing the in s titution, one of the assistants immediately examined i i n in the surgery-roem. The s•gord had perforated the trousers and shi rt , and entered the fleshy part of the hip, producing a puncture about half an inch in depth ; the surgeon dressed tie wound. After the boy bad in some degree recovered from the alarm which the sudden attack upon him bad produced, he stated that his name was Daniol Semple, residing wits his parents, No. 66, Park- street, Dorsct-square; that at the time the officer stabbed him he am going on an errand to Clap_ ham- The officer, when ho struck him with his sword, the grossest epithsts towards bin'. A nyrOor o r ",,ersons who saw the circumstance expressed iadignation. The re porter was not able to obLain the officer's name. —Observer. IRELAND.-AGITATION Mr. Steele has entered the field to promote the views of Mr. O'Connell, and has published an energetic appeal to his countrymen in the Pilot. The pressure of other matter to-- bids us to insert entire the eloquent Foduction, but the fol lowing extracts may he taken as specimens : O'CONNELL AND IRELAND. Yet, freedom yet, thy banner torn but tlyitig, Strearni like the thunder-storm AGAINST the winds Thy trumpet voice, though broken now *. Lord Byron—Childe Harold. LONDON, Ave. 14, 1838. lam a Protestant—my church is of heaven—but with re gard to my church establishment—l told the glorious men of Birmingham at the late great meeting, that if I wanted to in stitute a religion of the devil, the scene of bloody Rathcormac would he an appropriate sacrament of the worship of the fiend, the enemy of God and of roan. The representative of the capital of Ireland has been lately reprimanded by the Speaker of the Hcuse of Commons, and what was the consequence ? The moral regenerator, by a re petition of his former words, gave the House a stronger repri mand, and, after doing so, he regularly went through the work of the evening ! The man who was, some years ago, the state prisoner of An glesey was lately invited by the truly royal Duke of Sussex "to meet the Queen" in the festal halls of Kensington Palace ; and more recently the same state prisoner of An glesey has had the offer of the ermine of the Chief Baron of the Exchequer. Men of Ireland, I do not offer you political counsel; I just state a few facts. The father of our country is among you ; he will teach his children how they are to cease to be bondsmen. With what fiery indignation will you listen to his recital of the conduct of the House of Lords and the rest of the Tory enemy during the present Session of Parliament. The Ultra-Radicals of England and Scotland take but a contracted view of the subject ; they do not sufficiently ad vert to what the awful consequences might be in Ireland with her eight millions and a half of population, if the Whigs were to retire, and the Tory enemy dominate over the Irish " aliens" for a single fortnight." Although O'Connell was pre-eminently the " man of peace" of the political world, as was proved by the mode in which he achieved his political triumphs, and that he was determined to try the experiment of justice to the last extremity ; that in one of his public addresses he had declared that " unless he should be able to obtain justice for his country from the Impe rial Parliament, nothing would remain for him but to return to his native mountains, and from their height to proclaim to the world that eight millions of men must not be slaves !" Men of' Ireland, ye trampled " aliens" in blood, and lan guage, and religion ! I tell you that the glorious men of Bir mingham, and the delegates from the west and north of Eng land and Scotland, loudly cheered me in this vindication of the faller of his country. _ . . Men of Ireland, what were you when Daniel O'Connell commenced his political career'? You were trampled—aye, and shuddering slaves. The effort for freedom of 1793 was abortive in consequence of the delay of the French armament. John Claudius and the other Beresfords were the autocrats of your country. What, my countrymen, are you now ? You are millions— intelligent, united into utter consolidation, and moving, al. though millions, as if inspired by a single soul, with aspira tions to be perfect freemen, indomitable, irrepressible—to use the words of the old historian, " with the ancient swelling after liberty," of Green Erin, of your country, of " Green Erin of the streams." Glory eternal be to the dauntless men of Birmingham and the surrounding district, and their leader, Thomas Attwood I They rushed to arms for a specific purpose, to enforce the ac ceptance of the Bill passed by their representatives ; and although they had as good a right then, as now, to universal suffrage, and its panoply, vote by ballot. and the shortening of the duration of Parliaments, they, like humane and wiser men, " took the instalment," an I laid down their arms in their hour of triumph. IMPRISONMENT FOR DEBT. In all cases where the debt is under 201., the law remains just as it was—viz., you have to serve a process in the first instance, and then to proceed to judgment; upon which judg ment you can wrest the person of your debtor, or seize his property. Where the debt is above 201., and you might have been de sirous of arresting. your debtor in the first instance, by merely making oath to the debt (which is called mesne process) the new law deprives you of any such power ; you must, as in the before mentioned case, serve your debtor w►th a process, which will ripen to execution, and upon that execution you may take the effects of the defendant; and if the effects are not suffi cient, you may take his person. So that, in truth, the only alteration which the present statute makes is by enacting that no action shall be commenced by writ of arrest, but it must be by summons or notice. The practical working will be simply this—Heretofore the arrest of a debtor was resorted to as an experiment to compel him to pay you, or give ou security, and which, no doubt, in many cases had the desired effect. Now, yeu cannot bring this experiment to bear until you have gone through certain proceedings, nor until you have incurred some delay and some expense in arriving at a judgment. These two latter conside rations will make it necessary to use some greater caution as to whom you will give credit to, and as against whom you will put the law in force. There arc certainly in the Bill increased powers against the landed property and the funded property of your debtor, if you can find it, and you may also compel a man who owes you 1001. to become a bankrupt after 21 days, so that he sur render his p-operty equally between you and the rest of his creditors.—A Correspondent of the Times. WRECK AT BOULOGNE.—(From a Correspondent of the .Herald)—On Wednesday last, during a most terrific gale from the W. S. W., the Jeune Olive, a sloop, Captain Valentine Lucroix, from Rochelle, laden with wines for Boulogne and Dunkirk, was wrecked near the entrance of Boulogne harbour, in the presence of many hundred specta tors. About eleven o'clock three sloops were seen approach ing the harbour, two of which entered after some difficulty. The Jeune Olive as she approached the western jetty head at tempted to luff up, but did not succeed, the sails shook with the wind blowing nearly a-beam, and she, in consequence drifted to leeward of the eastern jetty. After endeavouring to make the harbour for upwards of seven hours, the crew suffer ing dreadfully from fatigue ; one of the crew, a youth about 19, was washed overboard by a heavy sea, and lost. The same sea threw the vessel on her beam ends, and it was only by the as sistance of the life boat of the Humane Society that the rest of the crew were saved. The vessel could have been preserved had the slightest energy been used by the proper authorities. A few real John Bull sailors would have done it easily. When the sloop was close to the pier the harbour master threw out a small rope about the thickness of a man's little finger, to lash her, instead of a strong cable; the conse quence was the first heavy sea that came broke the rope, and away went the vessel, and she got on the sands, and afterwards went to pieces. One of the crew received a dreadful blow on the head l and it was found necessary to bleed him and shave his head when he reached the shore. The captain of the Jeune Olive bas commenced an ac tion for damages against the harbor master, for neglect in not rendering him proper assistance. The vessel and cargo might have been saved, even with common precaution. It will scarcely be credited, but it is a part of,the laws of France, that, if a vessel is seen in distress, or a man in the water, or a person hanging himself, proper assistance cannot be rendered, or the man hanging himself cut down, until the commissaire arrives. If a rope be thrown to a drowning man, it is true he can be dragged on to the bank, but his feet must remain in the water until Monsieur the corn missaire arrives. Many casks of wine floated out to sea from the wreck of the Olive ; but no one was allowed to save them except the police• and custom-house officers, unless the commissaire was present. SECRETS OF THE JURY ROOM.—We stated on Wednesday last that, in the case of " Straker v. Graham and another," the jury retired on Saturday afternoon, and were kept locked up in their room till Sunday afternoon ; that they petitioned the learned Judge on Sunday morning to allow them breakfast, and that his Lordship acceded to their request. We presume that, before so doing, Mr. Justice Williams took care to absolve the bailiff for the infraction of his oath to keep them in some convenient place, " without meat, drink, or fire," &c. But leaving that question, we revert to the matter in order to show the danger of such a course. Secrets will transpire, and thus we are informed that of the twelve jurors thus kept in " durance vile," there were ten who took one view of the case, and the other two entertained the contrary opinion. Well, the breakfast came; and what did the " tyrant majo rity?" Why, as a gentle persuader to the two obstinate non conformists, they surrounded the viands, and while they made fearful havoc and consumption, they suffered not so much as a crumb to fall into the hands or mouths of the " miserable mi nority." This argurnentum ad ventrem had its due effect : it opened the eyes of the two hungry unfortunates to the error of their ways ; whether in time to partake of the viands which were the reward of " right thinking," we are not aware, but we should think not ; and the probability is that they were starved into just conclusions, and thus the jury arrived at a verdict. —Manchester Guardian. Mit. POULETT TIIONISON'S TRADING CON; PANIES AMENDMENT BILL._( From the .11fr;clieste; Courier of Saturd.y last. )--" The article bearing this title which ap peared in our last number has so effectually stirred up the ire of Mr. Poulett Thomstm's over-zealous, and over-kind friend the editor of the Guardian, that he has written a very angry,. and, it follows, a very weak article against The Sun, for fur nishing us 'pith the means of exposing the young Baltic merchant's' incompetency either to preside at the Board of Trade or to represent the borough of Manchester in Parlia ment. The Guardian's impertinence has drawn a rejoinder from The Sun, which, whilst it corrects the presumption, ex poses the folly and absurdity of our Contemporary. The following ext ract n o t on ly f urn i s h es a justification of our strictures upon Mr. Thomson's character and con duct, but exhibits his rubbishy Bill in a proper light :" [Here follow our remarks on the defence set up in fie Guardian for Mr, Thomson.] The Courier then and thus pro ceeds :—" Mr. Poulett Thomson is a person of just sufficient importance to be mischievous, but his mischievousness pro ceeds rather from ignorance and incapacity than from any ot l 7: er cense, and he is a li,ing illustration of the maxim ,'„ at it is always dangerous to set up ble 2 kl ,. ic : d t s i e hig s l ,a n e n es s . bal N l V se c e d . o . not expect the editor of the Guardia , .. * EO agr ee with us in these leading truths. because tb`.l,r application in the present czsesd b'sysPe sideeial; e o an t he exact contrary,illustration it sv l s n p o roduced at 'surprise us if our Contemporary maintains thdt the confusionco of n,. ideas and design, so remarkable in Mr. Peul.ett 7 1 M, g 0 Bill, is quite intelligible authorit;-- set of people,--Dut we art' Vl‘ , s N '-= Acr - wit '=~ '4 AFFAIRS OF HANO-yEn ' -_ „ ,:.-: ~ ~ ;44,„,) HANOVER, AUCVST 18.—The quiet en our poutteataionz . on, , -...v has been interrupted by a slight breeze. , The .final-/clreifsort• of the Diet, for which King Ernest waits aVaiiatliiais,Vtis-il, 4.. / people, has not y e t b een g i ven ; it is stated that at the d?. tir,:t meeting of the commission appointed by the Diet to in quire into the Hanoverian case the question was put, wheacr any corporation or individual had the right to appeal to the Di ?t on a subject concerning the whole country. This may be regarded as, and is called by the.n who raised the question, a mere point of form, but it must appear plain to every thinking person that on it tures the fate of Hanover, indeed the safe existence of all the German constitutions, and therefore the peace and welfare cf all Germany : as the States have not the right to assemble without bring called togetlir by the sovereign, the latter, if he choose to destray the Constitutien, need only dissolve his States, nor call them again together in the same form as before, and he is secure from any interference of the Diet until the breaking out of an open rebellion. You will perceive, therefore, how important, how tremendously dangerous to the peace of Germany, an answer unfavourable to the right of Corporations to appeal must prove. I could almost wish that an unsatisfactory decision of the Diet might place the Hanove rians thus, because I have a firm conviction that their only path to freedom and good government lies through the terrors of a violent but short revolution ; as, also, that any attempt at a tedious uncertain change by way of the law will only nort po.:e, but cannot avoid, the shock. However desirable a speedy and, if needs must, a violent decision of this struggle may be, yet it appears little probable that such a course will be adopted, still less that it will he carried to a successful issue. The means of communicating between the different parts of the country are few and diffi cult of access : there is no Press that could be of any use. The light which the few existing publications dinse is like the ignis ,fataus, meant to deceive, and only leads astray. The people are also divided among themselves, because they are ignorant, because they know not that the welfare of individuals is a benefit to the whole. Here, in the capital, the greater number of inhabitants belonging to the upper or middle classes, as also all the Magistrates, are the decided opponents of the King, but the citizens in their guild (Burgerschaften) are all more or less dependent ea the court, the nobility, or the King ; they may not oppose the King, even if they hate his arbitrary demeanour ; and thus it happens that not even a petition or representation to the Diet has emanated from the city of Hanover, while Osnabruck, H.ldeshcim, and many other cities, have boldly and independently expressed their wishes and opinions in that form. But, worse than all this, it is well known that all the Continental Governments, France, perhaps, excepted, would unite to crush any attempt of the people to attain their rights by force. Under all these discouraging circum stances, it would require more than ordinary love of free dom, a firmer conviction of its blessings, and confidence in their own strength, to persuade the ill-used Hanoverians to a decided step. The result of the debate (if debate it may be called), or the questioa of the right of the Corporations to address the Diet, has been sent by the commission to the Diet. Saxony has declared herself in favour of the right of the Corporations, and has, it is said, boldly expressed herself concerning the expediency as well as justice of that opinion ; Austria, Prussia, Holstein, Bruneswick, Mecklenburg, and Lippe against the right, and the other ten States have postponed their vote (.rich ihre Erldarung vorbehalten); and there is thus some live le7t that the final decision of the Diet may prove favourable to the good cause.—Morning Chronicle, FRANCE AND THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. FALMOUTH, Aua. 23.—The brig Scylla, Scott master, ar rived off this port this evening from Buenos Ayres, whence she sailed the 9th June. The subjoined extracts are taken from the British Packet and Argentine News of that date : " In our last we inserted the Message of the Govtrnment to the House of Representatives of the pro%ince. The fol ((ming are the projects proposed by the majority of the Com mittee on Constitutional Affairs, viz., Doctors Lahitte, Garcia, Camparia, and Irigoyen " DRAFT CF A DECREE. " Art. 1. The official and private conduct of Government in the affair which it submitted to the consideration of the Howe in its note of the 25th ult. is approved. " Ai t. 2. The Government than continue in the manage ment of this weighty aff-ir, in conformity to that which the eational honour, independence, and the circumstances of the country demand. " Art. 3. It shall be charged to claim opportunely of his Majesty King of the French reparation for the wrongs offered to the Confederation, and the injuries inflicted on the country from the unjust blockade it now suffers." " DRAFT OF A REPLY. " 'The representatives of the province have attentively considered the note of your Excellency, under the date 25th ult., and the documents annexed to it, comprising the whole of the correspondence, official and private, which your Ex cellency has carried on with the Vice-Consul of France and the Rear-Admiral of that nation in regard to the pretensions advanced by them ; and, after careful deliberation upon the matter, have resolved unanimcusly to reply to your Excel leney_That the conduct observed by your Excellency in this weighty affair has worthily corresponded to tl:e august mis sion with which your Excellency is charged. That the in dependence of the country, its sovereignty and national dig r niv, arc to the Argentines not only the most precious gilt it enjoys in thu social relation, but the oath they have expli citly and in the face of nations pronounced, pledging them selves to sustain it even at the cost of their lives, property, and honour ; in virtue of which your Excellency, sustaining this pledge as sacred as it is inviolate, in the present case, will only add a new title to tilos, which the country recog nised in distinguishing your Excellency with the renowned appellation of the " restorer of the laws." That, in the meantime, it is painful to the representatives that the Go vernment and country have been forced to sustain principles and rights which never ought to have been a matter of dis cussion with individuals, officers of a nation to whom the Argentine republic has given such repeated testimonies of friendship and kindness. " That the representatives trust that your Excellency, laying before the Government of his Majesty the King of the French the rights of the Confederation and the grievances and injuries which have been offered to it, will obtain from the liberal and just sentiments which characterise his Ma jesty, not only an acknowledgment of the rights which have been denied to it, but due reparation for the said grievances and injuries. " Tint in the meantime the Representatives, confiding in the patriotic zeal of your Excellency, in your prudence, wis dom, and foresight, leave to the enlightened councils of your Excellency the selection of the means which you may deem. couvenient to maintain inviolate the national sovereignty, ands to obtain reparation for the wrongs offered to the Republic. " God preserve your Excellency many years. ( Signed) " LAIIITTE, GARCIA, CAMPANA, IRIGOIEN." " The House met on Wednesday last to receive the Report of the Committee. A debate ensued, which did not terminate till yesterday. The result has been the adoption of the Re port of the Committee, with the addition of the pledge to sustain the oath of independence taken in the presence of God and the universe, an amendment moved by Senhor An chorena." 1 OPERATIONS OF THE FRENCH BLOCKADING VESSELS. JUNE 3.--The blockaders were reinforced to-day by the brig of war Bordelaise (bomb), mounting, we are told, ten guns, eight of which are upon the plan proposed by General Paixhans, for throwing his newly-iavented shot, which is considerably more destructive than that in common use. The brig Dassas, we hear, • has four of this description of guns. General Psixhans is the inventor of the " monster bomb," which was so effective at Antwerp. 6th. The blockaders were rejoined by the corvette l'Expe dition, which returned from a crui3e. The British ship Fame, from Liverpool, came in company with her. 7th. The Dutch galliot Gezusters from Amsterdam. an chored before daylight in the outer roads ; and the British brig Fame sailed at sunset for Monte Video, ordered away by the blockading squadron. Bth. The British brig Elizabeth Brooks arrived this morn ing, and sailed again immediately, without coming to an anchor, ordered away by the blockading squadron. The Dutch galliot Gezusters sailed fore Monte Video, or dered away by the blockading squadron. The blockaders arc supplied with provisions, &c., from the Bacda Oriental, brought to them in a launch, mistico rigged, a sort of " bum boat." By accounts from Chili, it appears that there has been an attempt at revolution ie the republic of the Ecuador; a regi ment stationed at Riobamba bad mutinied at the instigation of its commandant, Jose Martinez de Apnric:o. Measures had been taken by the Government to counteract it, and the capital (Quito) bud, by a decree of the President of the Republic (Rocafuerte.), dated 14th March, been placed err ensembles, A periodical published at Guayaquil contaias a long article in order to prove that General Santa Cruz has been the origin of this insurrection; which insurrection, the Mercurio of Valparaiso says, was concocted by the Prefect of Limn, General Aparicio, in conjunction with Santa. Cruz, Iv/ carried into effect by his brother, Jose Maria Aparieio, A perusal of the detail in the Guayaquil paper, continues the Mercurio, corroborates all that we have before', vrritten re specting the ambitious views of the little Napelecu of French S!uipa of War at Buenos Ayres.—Cccvette Camille, .20 guns, Cont. Pierre L. Guillevin ; Ce:ciette 1' Expedition, 18 guns, Captain Halay ; Brig aPS7-,fis, 22 guns, Captain Daqactict ; Brig Alert, 22 guns, Captain Olivier ; Brig Bor delaisc, 10 guns; Schooner Vigilant, JO guns. British —Samaran_g. 28 n uns, Captain Broughton ; Elee tra, 18 guns, Cum. Pres",on, American.—Schco,•;ier-brig Dolphin, 12 guns, Commodore Nicholson. -...,--_-_-_-_---- very long since we moit emit , . r which period a decline of BRIS:foL SUGAR rwl A R h i c e R t. i Te a,ll Ay expresseduo . 2 4.— a I n t i s opinionn ot *.liai ‘• sugars must - oe lower;" sin ce 0 _ at least 3s. per e•wt. has proved i the in value, our judg s., d th , sy are still g ,,ing LOA nin . The . business meat ' 'n y limited. Nivtels weoeurtladi,lmaussoturracteheorf \Vhile wgi are being assailed in the Inc' ''' Is i ver .• • manner tor the statements we have, from time most ardtlf.eatien to r, . T c o. d r a t t o i li ca t a i k o i e ; h .ve been spared—that circumstances so amply justify us in evo y particular; and, in vindication of mr.selves, we cannot s'st drawing attention to the fact that, had our merchants re freely met the market doting the 1st:: busy season, instead et to ti re, been co u n i i_p ba: - elv suPPlYinj the offices and • arivlng the buyers to other markets, hundreds of hogsb.:-ads vvlilch now lie on hand migh • have been disposed of :..i. several shillings per cwt. more than can ever Le posil;',3 , realized for them. B ristol Mercury. 1 1 01' ;ir etr fro ° P i°, Ott" (4. 14 04 .." 0 , ro, 9 94 " "s) „;C , frl4