The Sun. — London, England, 1864-09-20 00:00:00

Y ioN.etk . .1.0 .4 1 . Naval and Military n irene. 4 3 / 44.44t: c ot : al" f . :a* 4, 1) - 1 3 115. t ••••••• .* A.S. ' - • t 1 ibipm. . .•. NEWSPAPER I') AR DOCTOR, what do you advise P I advise Alfred Mellon's Concerts, afterwards to A VANS', Covent-garden, hear some charming singing, o r d er one of their capital chops and magnificent potatoes, and that is the best advice I can give you. lIINAHAN'S LL WHISKY v. COGNAC This celebrated Old IRISH WHISKY rivals the finest FRENCH BRANDY, It is Pure, Mild, Mellow, Delicious, and very Wholesome. Sold in Bottles, 38. Bd., at the Retail Houses in London ; by the Agents in the principal towns in England ; or wholesale at THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 20, 1864. N°. 22,540. PR1CE......... 4d. STAMPED:....Sd. 8, GREAT WINDMILL-STREET, LONDON, W. "Rinehan's serve the Re d Shal"' Pink Label, and Cork branded LL . MRS. lIOWITT'S NEW NOVEL. Now real} , at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., THE COST OF CAERGWYN. By MARY HOWITT. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. rim PERSONS SEEKING LANDED ATES, TOWN AND COUNTRY RrSIDENCES, FREEHOLD AND LEASEHOLD INVESTALENTS, AND PROPERTIES GENERALLY- _ _ . T UE ROYAL INSURANCE COMPANY, 29, Lombard-street, London ; and Royal Insurance buildings, Liverpool. At the Annual Meeting, orithe sth inst., the following were some uf the leading results disclosed in the Report to the shareholders. FIRE BRANCH. The Premiums of the year 1863 reached the sum of £341,663 Being* an advance of Ove r 1862 ; an amount of increase exceeding that of any pre vious year. The Revenu. from Fire Premiums has been en hanced in four years by the large sum of £113,353 The Duty paid to Government in 1862 was . £7s 993 Ditto aitto, 1863 88,966 Showing an Increase in one year of Among the incidents which have tended to the advance ment oft he Royal within the last iew months mar be reckoned its a lion with respect to the losses sustained by the explo sion of the Lotty Sleigh, which although on y con •istent with the general tenor of the conduct of the Company, and WU- Mately proved to be no more than what had been done in for mer times by the o'dest and most proverbial , y honourable among its contemporaries, yet attracted attention and public favour by its unhesitating promptn ess. As the largest tot ,1 of Revenue and the largest ratio of progression have been attained in the present year, so it naPPens that the largest Profit which it has ever :alien to the Directors to record has likewise on this occasion to be an nounced. The balance of net profit on the year has amounted to £83,515 of which sum 434,100 only has been appropriated to Dividend and Bonus, and the large balan eof 449,444 been carried to Reserve. LIFE BRANC The progress of the Life Branch, as shown by the New B usiness transacted in tke last year, is most promising, and the advances made, year by year, in the amount of New In surances effected, shrew clearly the estimation in which the Company is held. The following is a statement for the last five years : Net Sum Assured on New Policies after deducting Guarantees. Net Premiums. 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 This rapid growth, amounting to 73 per cent. on the Sum Assured, and upwards of 80 per cent. on the Premium re ceived in the course of five years, may justly be considered as larger than any which could have been reasonably expected. The first half of the current year 1864, however, far outstrips the ratio of increase indicated by the figures just quoted, as the sum assured for that period of six months only actually exceeds Half-a-Mil ion sterling. The rate of Mortality, likewise, still presents highly favour able features, and augurs well for the result to be shown by tie quinquennial investigation, which is to take place when the present year is conclud , cl. PERCY M. DOVE, Manager and Actuary. JOHN B. JOHNSTON, Secretary in London. August, 1864. .AR M Y CONTRACTS. . TENDERS will be received at this Office until 12 o clock noon, on the 29th of September, from persons who may be willinz to enter into Contracts to supply FORAGE AND PAILLASSE STRAW, in quantities as may be required, for the use of h er Majesty's Land Forces stationed in the following pla ces, from ist November, 161, to 31st October, 1865 LONDON DISTRICT. FORAGE, 1 . Hyd e Park, Kensington, Regent's Park, and Horse Guards. 2. Tlounslow, and Rueller Hall. 3. Hampton Court. 4. %Windsor. 5. Brietton. 6. Sandhurst. 7. Enfield. PAILLASSE STRAW. 1. Brompton 11 , use, Knightsbridge and 31(agazine Barracks, 1 4de Par,: ; and liensin2ton. !tegent's Park, and St. Joh'n's Wood Barracks. .New Barracks. Ch e l sea. 5 .h e e• Zv. ll To g we r inton, and St. George's B a rr ac ks. • Ijounilowt on , and Kneller ti am D . 8. Wi n d sor, 9 . Brighton' Court with Coast Forts Iran Newhaven to Shoreham. 10. Guernse 11. Jersey. y• 12. Alderney. „ . Be p ar ate Tenders must be made for Forage and Paillasse as straw for each of t ie above-mentioned Stations or Barracks se Parate:y grouped and numbered. c.rms of Tende r , an d C on ditions of Contract, may be ob .uned on application at this Office, by letter addressed to the of senior Commies riat Officer, or in person, between the hours 10 and 4 o'clock. Tenders on the printed 'forms must be properly filled up and signed, and no Tenderwill be noticed unle-s delivered at the under-mentioned Office, under closed envelope (marked on the outside, "Tender for Commissariat Supp,les"), before 1 • O'clock noon on the 29th September. • -- Deputy Commissary-General's Office. 5 , New-street, Spring-gardens, London, S.W., sth September, 18E4. 01-10 ESTATE, HOUSE, AND GENERAL BUSINESS AGENCY OFFICES.—Persons requirimr, __reehold or Leasehold Property, or havinz Business and tvses to be dispose i of, should apply to Mr. CHARLES 8 0 1, 0. 1 ‘7 . -A- . Y, Auctioneer and Valuer, 2t, Gerrard-et:4.A_ Valuations for Probate Administration, Fire Claims, Rail aY C ompensations, &c. Rents Collected. VINTAGE WINE COMPANY, Importers of Spanish and other Wines, 14., Thoomsbury-street, London, The Vi Pour Doors South of New Oxford-street. The , Wage Cornida Sherry, Golden N i ntage Xeres Ditt o , P a l o The Vintri< Port, T he Vintage Port, No. 1* 24s. ts The Vintage Port, No. 5, fine rich old Thevllntage Claret . Th. Vintage Champagne, intage Beaujols, qu recommended ........ 275. arts The Vi'l-pints lss. ~ 3ris. „ The Vintage Roci, sparkling, very choice Th e ___e Burgundy, sparkling superb . 40s. ~ The Vintage A mont illado, thechoicest imported 50s. ~ Pine old , ac. Liquors TUE VINTAGE C AL ogn MANACK, with ts price list and Medical and clerical testimonials, sent post ire;,. See 30) ° P i nions of the press. 14, Bloom bury-Street. N. W. HODGES, Secretary. It IZE MEDAL -INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, 1862. RANCIS TUCKER Jr CO., Wax Chandlers, &0., To the Queen and the Pfince of Wales. T he Jurors' Report on (Established Wax and l72oo Church Candles, in 1862. testifies to the excellence of the quality of Messrs. Tuckers' Ulanuf aeture. Tu cker di stinguished Dignitary, in a letter addressed to Francis and Co., on the subject of W 17 - A &-(1- CANDLES with PLATTED WICKS, says : Whit found them fully equal to the recommendation ' - .0 You gave them, and can sincerely, in my turn, I com- Mend them t o the clergy for the use of the altar." Finest • r d u ahtY th fatted Wicks, patented.. ?s, Yd Od. . per lb. inaqry qualit wi y per lb. gVEGETABLE CANDLES, with a Mixture of Wax. est quality • .„ Is. sd. per lb. T• _ec3nd quality Is. 3d. per lb. hird quality .. •••• •.: • • .. Is. Id. per lb. Carr iage paid in London on Orders of Five Pounds in value. FRANCIS TUCKER AND CO., '.7 8 , South Molton-street, Grosvenor-square. Manufactory— The Kensington (Established 1730). far Establishment in England for the Manufacture df Wax Candles for the use of the Altar BED .ROOM CANDLES. "RICE'S CANDLES, which will not drop rease when carried."—Thin, very candles, sold in box es l e. and 3s. each, are recommended hard as the best carriers. " EXTRA HARD 5.12 CHAMBER CANDLES," sold in boxes 2s. each. Thicker candles intended for those Who Will not burn thin. " SHERWOOD ECONOMIC BED LIGHTS," in packets of 36 candles for one shilling, intended for use where cheapness is a great object, will be found an improve ment on the ordinary candles, as they gutter less. Special candle ticks to fit thin candles, is. and 2s. 6d. each; reducing sockets, making them fit any candlesticks, 2d. each. TOIL ET SO APS. Sherwood Brown Windsor Soap, with a pleasant scent. Belmont Glycerine Soap, contains Price's Glycerine. Camphor and Glycerine Soap, to tender skins in winter. GLYCERINE. SHERWOODOLE " Price's Glycerine" may be Cleans gloves and removes had from any Chemist, in grease and other sttins. cansuled bottles, lettered Perfumed, in capsuled bot " Price's Patent," from 6d. ties, 6d. and is. each. upwards. Impure Glycerine has been sold the state ment that it is "equal to Prices." Retail through] Wholesale by Prios. s Patent Londe fi any Grocer. Caudle Comp any:(Limited), lon. TEETH. —Mr . ESKELL'S PATENT,—The exclusive right to this Patent wasF ecured to Mr. Eskell, of Grosvenor-street, Grosvenor-square, by her Ma tSty'S Royal seal (July 17, 1860), and can only be proc u red at 18 residence, where specimens maybe seen, and every infor- In.ation can be obtained. Under this Patent, Artificial Teeth, to last a lifeti m e, are made, and fitted in a few hours without Pain or ext r actions. They support loose teeth, and protect ,elider gums ; their resemblance to nature is perfect and un uetctable, and they are guaranteed tor mastication and articulation. Treatise on the subject sent for seven stamps. :031 atiltations free. OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. " Mr- Eskell dental-surgeon, hag succeeded in produciru; artificial teeth, and so constructing them that they last their purpose a lifetime. . . The process has been"patented, 4"1860. Promises to be most valuable."—Court Journal, August , to " th A- surpesing novelty in the adaptation of artificial teeth p er r_e gum by a p a t en t e d pr i nc ipl e , w hich secures the most ect aid combined will the greatest case and agreeable N ' Pear ance."—Morning Advertiser, August 9, 1860. Decayed teeth stopped, &c. Terms strictly moderate. Gr osvenor-street, Bond-street. 110c P iROSCOPE and TELESCOPE combined, .. Just introduced, both of' wonderful power, in Cass,..ss. \-ll` TELESCOPES, define 5 Iles, 10s. 6d ; 0 Miles, , 1 Ditto. and for Astronomy, 40s. MICIZOSCOP RS in 3 iar Powers, 10s. 6d., magnifies 15,000 t'mes ; Ditto, nifyinh 3C,00 ‘, 215., with Animalcula2 Care, Life Box, Arz. Conipound Achromatic Ditto, power 65,00 a, 84s. at 40: most powe, ful Race Glasses, made with sling cases, IVIAGIC LAN TERNS and DISSOLVING v rFMTS.-11agic Lanterns and 30 Pielnres, La_r,er Size, 10s. 6d. Dissolving Apparatus complett , , 70s. abt"'Criptive Catalogues for two stamps. Post Orders pay- L pper Baker-street. Et:RNM{I) DAVIS, 410, EUSTON-ROAD, LONDON. Optician to the Institutions. PE C, Acl, E S.—Lenses ground on a new vowel:Principle, requ , ring* less than half the usual matznifying trea t , and with whi c h th e sma ll es t print may be read to ex old age, (Prom the "Medical Circular," Nov. 16, - ism) tt_:_Pe. have seen Mr. Davis's improved spectaclas, and by _= t r End the most defective vision may be improved." 58.6671 Frames and Pebbles, 10s. 6d. and 7s. 6d. Glasses, age.” 6 ( 1 ., 3s. Ga. Country residents suited by stating Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., O N - - A N 1..) H E I R. S"lt is are 11 satisfaction now-a-days to meet with a novel in which incident is used as a vehi de of emotion, not as an expedient to conceal or rxcu-e a total absence of character. The author of ' Son and Ifei • ' may fairly co agratulate ner self on ha ing achieved a legitimate success."—Saturday Review. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Now Ready, in Crown ovo., FOOTPRINTS ON THE ROAD. By CIIAItLE3 KENT. Chapman and Ball, 193, Pi cadllly. On the 2Gth inst., in 3 vt,19., post 6v0., THE WILMOT FAMILY. A NOVEL. By the Author of "Life in Tu c iny," ttc. Richard Bent ey, New Burlington-street. Cheap Edition, this day, price 2s. complete. BREAKFAST IN BED. Ey GEORGE AUGUSTUS SALA. London: John Maxwell and Co., 123, Fleet-street. This day, in two vols., at all Libraries, HISTORIC BYEWAYS. By Sir C. F. LASCELLES WRAXALL t Bart., Author of "Caroline MSa•ilda." Contents : —Lady Diplomatists—A Prince in Search of a Wife—Mr Carlyle's last Pet -A Tragedy in Waxwork The English Nobility—Learning on the tramp—The first Voyage round the World—Playing at Soldiers—The Reign of Madame de Pompadour—Palace Tales—Old Times in Russia -Frede rick the Great and Catherine ll.—Frederick the Great and Voltaire—The Domestic Life of Frederick the Great—Was Wallenstein Guilty?—Secret Societies —A Royal Whim. London : John Maxwell and Co., 122, Fleet-street. This day, at all Libraries, in 2 vole , ECCENTRIC PERSONAGES. By WILLIA3I RUSSELL, LL.D. John Maxwell and Co., Publishers, 122, Fleet-street. NEW BOYS' BOOK, EDITED BY SIR C. F. LASCELLES WRAXALL, BART. This day published, price 65., with Illustrations on toned Tpaper, crown Bvo., pp. 4 s 2, extra cloth, gilt lettered, H E BACK WOODSMAN. Edited by Sir C. F. LASCELL7H WRAXALL, Bart. London: John Maxwell and Co., 122, Fleet-street. PARLIAMENTARY DESPATCH AND AGENCY OFFICE, No. 5, Upper Charles-street, Parliament-street. AN ANALYTICAL INDEX to the DIVISIONS of the present SESSION (1854) is in course of compila tion by Mr. GEO. M. MITCHELL, and will be ready for circu lation at the prorogation of Parliament. Th , s work will show members and their constituents how each member voted, whether for or against public and private measures during the session ; total number of times, with majorities for and against, &c. Subscription, One Guinea. Members can have their Divisions for the whole Parlia ment in ext,enso upon application to the above office. 7ADKIEL'S ALMANAC for 1865. The 35th AU yearly edition of Fifty-five Thousand, clntains Im portant Events predicted. Also "The True Causes of an Eclipse of the Sun," and " Another Nut for the Astronomers to Crack;" Also " Cosmogony," and other Interesting Papers. London: Geo. Berger, Newcastle-street, Strand; of whom also may be had Vols. I. and 11. of "The Hand-book of Astrology." JULLIEN'S CONCERTS.-HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.—THIS EVENING. Vocalist, Mdlle. Liebhardt ; Pianiste, Mdlle. Mariot De ileauvoisin ; Cornet. Signor Luigint ; Violin, M. Lotto. Full Band of One Hundred Performers. Conductor, M. JULLIEN. The Danish National Vocalls 'a and the Band of the Danish Guards will appear immediately on their arrival. Promenade, Is. rip HE WIZARD OF THE NORTH.- 11 EVENING at 8 o'clock- Sixteenth Appearance ( f Miss Anderson, the Second-Sighted Sybil. Secure your stalls and tickets at Mr Austin's Ticket Office, 28, Piccadilly. Open daily from Ten till Five. _ . " THE WORLD OF MAGIC." ANTHROPOGLOSSOS.--ST. JAMES'S HALL, Piccadilly.—Great Success!—Extraordinary Excitement. - The ANTHROPOGLOSSOS, Automaton Vocalist, Wonder of the World. [Registered according to Acts 1813 and 1850, 6 and 7 Vic., c, 61, 13 and 14 Vic, c. 1(4, and copyright secured an i entered at Stationer's Hall.] OPEN DAILY, from 12 till 10 o'clock. The Exhibitions tcke place a - the commer cement of each hour, viz., 12, 1,2, 3,4, 5,6, 7. 8, and 9 o'clock. Admission, One Shilling. Tickets at Mr. Austin's office, St. James s II .I', 2' 4 , Pieta di ty, W. IVIR. GERMAN REED'S New OPERA di CAMERA ENTERTAINMENT.—TO-NIGHT, at Eight o'clock, THE SLEEPING QUEEN, by M. W Esq., the libretto by 11. ramie, Esq., and sustained by Miss D'Este I inlay on, Mr. Whiffin, Mr. Wilkinson, and Miss Poole. To be followed by TOO MANY COOKS, adapted from M. Offenbach by Mr. German Reed, the libretto by C. Furtado, Esq., and in which D'Este Finlayson, Mr. Whiffin, and Mr. J. A. Shaw will appear. ROYAL GAL LERY of ILLUsTRATION, 14, Regent-street. Every evening , except Sat rday), at 8. Saturday morning, at 1.. Unreserved seats, Is., 25,; stalls, 35.; stall chairs, 55., can nuw be 'secured at the Gallery without fee. The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (limited). CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster-road, London. GRAND OPTICAL ILLUSIONS. PRINCE BLOSSOM; OR, THE FAIRIES OF THE MAGIC FOUNTAIN AND THE FOREST OF SHADOWS! Prince Blossom, Miss Townley. Also, the New and successful Illusion, entitled THE TERCEN L'ENAR,Y ; or, a NIGHT WITH SUAKSPERE. Operatic Selections, Glees, &c., by the whole of the talented Artistes. Comedy by Mr. W. Randall ; Mrs. W. Randall ; and those marvellous Gymnasts, Mes irs. TALLIOTT and BURNELL' (from the Principal Cirque, Madrid). " THE ANTHROPOPHAGINIAN I" "Go, knock, and call ; he'll speak like an Anthropopha ginian unto thee: knock, I say "—Shakspere. Merry Wives of Windsor, 4 act, so. 5. THE WONDER OF THE DAT Will be Illustrated by Mr. W. Linton. Director. Mr. F. Jonghmans. A dmission—Area, 6d.; Stalls and Balcony, Is. MADAME TUSSAUD'S HISTORICAL GALLERY; established 28 years at the Bazaar, Baker-street NEW ADDITION. A full length portrait model of DR. COUTY DE. LA POMMERAIS, the Poisoner, taken from the original photograph, by Mons. Trinquart, of Paris, from life. Is now added to the Chamber of Physiognomy. Admittance, is. ; Napoleon Rooms and Chamber of Horrors, 6d. extra. Open from 11 in the morning till 10 at night. ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill-street, Piccadilly. Sole Proprietor, B. R. BIGNELL. During the week, and tin further notice, in additi on t o th e Dance Music, Selections from Verdi's popular Operas, Il Trovatore, Traviata, Rigoletto, &.1. ; Meyerbeer's Etoile du Nord, Huguenots, dtc.; Melodies of the Forest, Valse, Guy Manneri g, Polka, &c. Conductor—L. CUItTI. Doors open at half-past B.—Admission, One Shilling. Manager—M. GRENET. DINNEFORD'S PURE FLUID MAGNESIA has been, during thirty years, emphatically sanctioned by the Medical Profession, and universally accepted by the Public, as the Best Remedy for Acidity of the Stomach, Heartburn, Headache, Gout, and Indigestion, and as a Mild Aperient for delicate constitutions, more esp •ci lly for Ladies and Children. Combined with the Accidulated Lemon Syrup it forms an agreeable Effervescing Draught, in which its Aperient qualities are much increased. During Hot Seasons, and, above all, in Hot Climates, the regular use of this sim ple and e'egant remedy has been found highly beneficial. Manufactured (with the utmost attention to strength and purity) by DINNEFORD and CO., 172, New Bond-street, London ; and sold by all respectable Chemists throughout the Empire. SPORTING' , BOOKS, GUIDES. CIRCULARS, &c. CR. GLENIE, Sporting Library, 4, Connaught • terrace, Hyde-park, has on hand, or gets to order, all Sporting an I General Books, Newspapers, Periodicals, &o. Ile also buys Sporting or other books in large or small quantities. Just ready, ls. post free, WEATHERBY'S SEPTEMBER PART of the RACING CALENDAR, containing the result of all the Races from January 1 to end of August. Also, WRIGHT'S RECORD. Is.; M`CALL'S CHRONICLE,IOd.; and RUFF'S GUIDE, is. Gd. Agent for APCall and Wright's Handicap Books, ld. each; also for Seelton, Judex, Lsng, and Locket's Circulars, ls. each post free. Betting I , ooks from is. each. Sporting Papers, the Times, The Sun, and every other paper posted to any n , rt. special and only West-end Agent for the Late Edition of 'THE SUN" Newspaper. The Trade supplied. COMMISSIONS EXECUTE"). C. R. GLENIE'S extensive and long- connection with the leading Bookmakers throu2hout the country enables him to execute Commissions to any amount at the most favourable prices. To BE HAD GRATIS, at the principal Railway Bookstalls throughout the kingdom, or at the Auction and Estate Offices, No. 67, Chancery-lane, London, Messrs. E. and li. Lumley's "FREE PROPERTY REGISTER," containing ft varied selection of landed and house properties now in the market, from the nobleman's mansion, with its manorial domain, to the cottage with its few acres. OWNERS OF PROPERTIES wishing to Sell or Let can em brace the opportunity that the medium of this Register affords, by sending the particu'.ars of their properties to the Estate Offices, 67, Chancery-lane, London, as the Messrs. Lumley can in most cases introduce immediate customers, where the property is of an eligible ()tiara ter, thereby avoid ing the disadvantages of delay and its attendant incon veniences. THERE IS NO cuAnGE incurred, unless a tenant or pur chaser is introduced throw/II Messrs. Lumley's Agency, and then only the usual moderate commission. Auction and Land Offices, 67, Chancery-lane, London. FURNITURE, CARPETS, BEDDING, and FLOORCLOTH, CARRIAGE-FREE to any house in the kingdom, regardless of amount or distance. First-class goods at second-class prices. Terms peculiarly liberal to Clergymen and Gentlemen. An immense stock to select from, displayed in Showrcoms occupying an acre of ground. Every article warranted. CLERGYMEN and GENTLEMEN ABOUT TO FUR NISH are respectfully informed that Messrs. Cobbett and . are publishing an entirely New Edition of their un equalled HOUSE FURNISHING GUIDE, illustrated by 410 adm • ''able engravings of every description of Furniture and Leasteads, with prices attached. A copy sent pat's and post-tree on application. This costly work also contains complete estimates for furnishing on the following revised s A Six-roomed Parsonage £74 3 0 An Eight-roomed ditto A Ten-roomed ditto ........ A Twelve-roomed ditto Together with a Price List of purified Bedding, and a mass of valnable informationto all requiring househ 31d furniture, carpets, or bedding. References kindly permitted to Clergy men and gentlemen in or near Great Malvern, Southampton, Chichester, Bury, Ely, Preston, Grimsby, Ryde, Plymouth, Wells, Oxford, Brighton, Gainsborough, Margate. Kidder minster, Wellington. Croydon. Cambridge, Staines, Dorking, St. Alban's, Worcester, Ipswich, Peterborough, St. David's, Wrexham, and above 500 other places in all parts of Great CORBETT and CO., General House Furnishers, Deptford bridge, London. S.E, SHORTHAND. -PITMAN'S PHONOGRA PHIC TEACHER. 6d. ; free by post, 7d. SHORTHAND. -PITMAN'S PHONOGRA . PHIC MANUAL. Free by post, is. 6d. CESAREWITCH. 12 Gratitude. 20 Retainer. 20 Fanfreluchc. 20 Calista colt. 25 Suspicion. 25 Alabama. 25 Tattoo. 30 Carimbrook. 30 Giant. 60 total CAMBRID, 20 Brick. 25 Gratitude. 33 Tattoo. 33 Stockinger. 40 Gemma. 40 Trap. 33 Myrtle. 33 Mail Train, 33 Tlal win. 43 Lady Frances filly, 40 Thalestris, 50 Catch'cm Alive. 50 Welcome. 50 A steroid, iy other G ESIIIRE. 40 Canzonette, I 40 Giant. 4 Balornock. 40 Columbia. 40 Baldwin. to to 1 any other. II 0 R THAN D.-"PITMAN'S PHONO GRAPHY forms an exceedingly efficient—probably the MOST efficient—system of Shorthand that exists."—Sir Rowland MIL THE CONFEDERATE STATES. (From the limes' Special Correspondent) RICHMOND, Aug. IG. It is well remarked by Professor Creasy that" no nation is ever so formidable to its neighbours for a time as one which, after being trained up :to free institutions, passes suddenly under a despotic ruler. The energy of Democracy survives for a few gene. rations, and to it are superadded the decision :and certainty which are the attributes of Government concentrated in a single hand and directed by a single mind. Something of this kind has happened in the Southern States. Whenever and wherever in this war success has been largely gained by the South, it has been attributable to the despotic gui dance of Southern policy and strategy by the two most eminent minds of Secessia—President Dalkis and Gen. Lee. Wherever and whenever in the Southern campaigns " the individual has withered," Southern success has been feeble and indecisive. In the Confederate army of Virginia the eminent moral and intellectual qualities of General Lee have stifled jealousy and silenced criticism. He hasbeen largely successful because be has deservedly been largely a despot. But over the Confederate army of the West no General has ever gained suffi cient sway to disarm intrigue and hush hostile ani madversion. Consequently, the histoire inedite of the _Confederate army of Tennessee, or Northern Georgia, reveals to the eye which has strength to pierce behind the curtain a tissue of intrigue, ice lousy, self-seeking, and re2rimination, such as has been amply sufficient to account for its want of suc cess in the field. Upon Gen. Lee and his homogo neons followers the wave of Northern aggression in Virginia has dashed as impotently as the German Ocean upon Fiamborongh Head. Neither the vast numbers of Federal mercenaries who have com-ecu- tively followed MeC!ellen, Pope, Burnside, Hooker, or Grant, nor the possession by the Federal gun boats of the many navigable rivers which intersect the eastern coast of Virginia, have availed to make any impression upon the steady defenders of Rich mond, who derive their mcralc largely from the personal character of their commander. It is doubtful whether since the world began so many lives have been lost in an endeavour to capture any town as have been sacrificed in the repeated but hitherto futile." On's to Richmond" of the Federals. But, on the other hand, much smaller numbers of Federals have sufficed in the West, under circum stances far less favourable to the invading army than those which prevail in Virginia, to win for the Washington Government the State of Tennessee and to overrun one-third of the State of Georgia. Be the termination of Gen. Sherman's irruption into Georgia what it may, it cannot be denied that this war has exhibited no brighter military achievement than the advance of Sherman and nearly 100,000 men over 138 miles, which divide him from his base, and which abound in natural Thermopy:m a at every interval of ten miles. It must be remembered how much easier comparatively has been the task of Grant than the task of Sherman. Grant, with an army of about 125,000 men, crossed the Rapidan at the beginning of May. Simultaneously he was as sisted by an army of about 50,000 men under But ler, which advanced against Richmond along the James River. During the first two great collisions between Grant and Lee, at the battles of the Wil derness and Spottsylvania Courthouse, the former was reinforced to the extent of about 50,000 men. As he approached Richmond he had the command of all the tide water rivers in Eastern Virginia. He established a fresh base without difficulty on the York River, and a second (from which he now draws his supplies) on the James River. He has never had the last uneasiness as to his communications being cut ; he has been able to convey to the front by water siege gans of any weight. Some estimate of the ability with which Lee has conducted the cam paign may be formed from the fact that Grant, with all these advantages in his favour, has hitherto failed ignominiously,and has for the last two months grown less formidable from week to week and from day to day, until we have got to regard Richmond withore jeopardythefacilities t ha possessed London o r b y G Edinburgh. rant the aCsonintrnaost more difficulties and disadvantages surmounted by Sher man. From the time of his leaving Chattanooga, nearly four months ago, he has received, if I am not mistaken, no reinforcements. Every inch of his advance is by land, over a rugged, desolate, and very defensible country, unwatered by navigable rivers, and, therefore, affording no facilities for water carriage. His communications are kept up along the most extended and vulnerable line which has been essayed by any General in this war. Chattanooga (Sherman's base) is further from At lanta than Richmond is from Washington, and yet no army of Federals advancing from Washington against Richmond has ever succeeded in keeping open land communications over half the distance which at this moment separates Sherman from Chattanooga. When I add that Sherman has re ceived no other collateral assistance than what he has derived from an army of Federals in Northern Mississippi (about 18,000 strong, at first under the command of General Sturgis, and now under the command of General Washburue), which army has always been easily held in cheek by about 10,000 Confederates tinder General Forrest, your readere will perceive' that Sherman is deserving of high credit for having got so far into Georgia and for having maintained himself there for four months. But there is one material difference between the campaigns of Sherman and Grant which has served to secure success hitherto to the former and to deny it to the latter. There is in the Confederacy but one Robert E. Lee, and but one army thoroughly im pregnated with his spirit, Against General Lee and his army (which has never exceeded 90,000 men all told) the combined forces of Grant and Butler and Hunter. numbering altogether not less than 250,000 have men at the comm encement o f t h e campaign, egregiously failed to prevail. The Confederate army of Tennessee under General Johnston was, at the commencement of the c am p a ign of 1164, not much inferior in numb ers to the arm y under Gene ral Lee. L9O was opposed, as I have eaid, by 250,000 Federals. Johnston was opposed by not more than half th a t num b er . W a ter f ac iliti es abound in Vi rg i n i a , and were entirely wanting in Georgia. Y e t a t thi s moment W as hi n gton is in as much peril as Ri c h mond, w hil e Atl a nta is bein g shelled by Sherm an . Y our rea d ers will gauge by the light of this stat ement the diff erence of Le e 's and Johnston's capacities, and the difference of material in the two armi es w i t h wh i ch t h e y are identifi e d. The indications s till are t h a t in Virginia there will be more fi g hti ng hereafter between the Confer derate army und er E arly i n the V a ll e y an d its op ponents than betw een G rant an d L ee before Peters burg. No doubt G rant ' s tenac i ty w ill be ab u ndantly displayed by his cli ng i ng to hie position at the mouth of the Appomattox i n sp i te o f t h e un healthiness of autumn and the po ss ibl e per il o f Washington. But it seems probable that Gen. Early, or possibly some other Confederate General of higher rank (such, for instance, as Gen. Anderson, the successor of Gen. Longstreet) will undertake operations which will unfit Grant's clutch upon the throat of Petersburg. It is known that Gen. Anderson and many thousands "of his men are at this moment on their way to join Gen. Early,'or to threaten Washington from another quarter. It is easy to understand that President Lincoln's re-election and Grant's maintenance of his present position are convertible terms. But it is more probable that the Confederates in the Valley will triumph over the opponents and strike fresh terror into all hearts in Washington and Pennsyl vania than that Grant and Lee will lie inactively facing each other before Petersburg. Much will depend, as regards the locale of the autumn cam paign in Virginia, upon the battle which now seems imminent between Early and his opponents in the Valley. It is understood that Gen. Sheridan, the cavalry leader rho is most after Gen. Grant's heart, has gone into the Valley to take part in the opera tions of the Federals in that quarter. There is little of interest for any of your renders (except those concerned in blockade running opera tions) in the recent capture, by Admiral Farragut, of Mobile Bay. There is little likelihood that the town of Mobile will share the fate of Forts Powell and Gaines and fall into the enemy's hands. It has often before been stated that the system of deten. dye redoubts which girdles Mobile is believed to be so strong as to defy attack. But the harbour of Mobile hes been of so little use as a port of entry that its loss to the Confederates in this respect will be hardly felt. . _ To report that an American July and August are stiflingly, oppressively, exhaustively hot is to utter nothing but a truism. But it is worthy of notice that the last 20 days are said to have bees un parfiltelfd in heat within the memory of the oldest inhabitant. Night and day the mercury of Fahren heit has touched 90, and has sometimes gone con. siderably above that figure. The effect of the in- tense heat is visible in the universal lassitude and pallor which are perceptible in every countenance. Officers and travellers who have lived in Bengal and Madras agree in reporting that they find the Ame. man. heat much more oppressive than that of the East Indies. The American houses are ill adapted for excluding heat or cold, and there are no punkahs, The only mitigating circumstance which makes the summer of 1864 more endurable than its predeces sors in Richmond since the commencement of the war is that we have this year an abundance of ice. But the pale shadows which flit along the shady sides of It chmond's streets7his day, utterly devoid of English rosiness and fleshiness, seem better fisted to reside in the dams exilis Piutonia than to be denizens of the working, toiling, much enduring world in which at this moment their lot is cast. British Association for the Advancement of Science, DR LIVINGSTONE'S LAST SIX YEARS' TRAVELS IN INDIA. Perhaps no man amongst the many great ones attending the present scientific congress is more eminently popular than the great African traveller and missionary Dr Living atone. The announcement that he would give an account of his travels has accordingly been one of the greatest at tractions of the present meeting. The theatre was conse quently last night crammed, as might be expected, every part of the house being thronged with that mingled assem blage of people of science and fashion which has distin guished the present meeting. In fact, to ease the anticipated pressure here, announcements were made that the lecture would also be read at the Mineral Water Hospital, the seat of the geographical section, and that Dr Livingstone would be present at the conclusion of the reading. Both places of assemblage were dens e l y crowded. In both assembli es D r Livingstone was received with most enthusiastic appl ause, and the thanks moved to him at the close of the lect ures was carr i e d with acclamation. The following is th e a d dress : " In order that the remarks I have to offer may be clearly understood, it is necessary to call to mind some things which took place previous to the Zambesi expedition being sent out ; and most of you are no doubt aware tha t pre vious to the discovery of Lake S e gami and the well watered country in whi c h the Ma k o lolo dwell, the id ea pre vailed that a larg e part of the i n terior of Africa w as composed of vast sandy deserts into which rivers ran and were lost. In a journey from eea to sea , ac r oss the con tinent, somewhat north o f th e l a k e first discovered, it wa s found that there, too, the country was well watered. Large tracts of fertile soil were covered with forest, and occupied with a considerable population. We had, then, the form of the continent revealed to he an elevated pla teau, somewhat depressed in the centre, with fissures at the sides, by which the rivers escaped to the sea; and this great fact in physical geography can never be referred to without mentioning the remarkable hypothesis by which the distin guished I'resident of the Royal Geographical Society (Sir R. Murchison) clearly delineated it before it was verified by actual observation of the altitudes of the country and courses of the rivers. It was published in one of his famous anniversary addresses ; and he was equally happy in his last address in pointing out the ancient geological condition of the interior of this continent, as probably the oldest in the world—a fact we, who were on the spot could but dimly guess. But he seem s to have the faculty concentrating of collecti ng f acts from every source, and them into a focus i n a e lse can accomplish. undue= way no one d it only after he has made all p l a in_ in his study at hom e . Th en fol lowed the famous tra vels of Dr. Barth and F ranc i s Galton. The most interesting discoveries t of L a k e Zanganyika and Vi c t or ia Nyanza, of C and Capt. S peke—whose d.l saoss we all now so deeplyu don ePi or e — and again, of Lakes , r Shirwa and Nyasso the discoveries of V an d er Decken and se veral others ; but las t of all, the grand di scovery of the main source of the Nile, a Pt' 13 which every Englishm an mus t f ee l proud to know was accomplished by our c ountrymen Speke and Grant. In all th is exploration, the main object in view has not been mer ely to discover obj ects of nine days' wonder b —to gaze and be ga zed at by witha rbarians—l w ou ld no t g i ve a fig to discover even a tribe tails I—b u t, i n procee di ng to the west coast to find a h pat to the sea, whereby lawful commerce might be introduced to aid missionary efforts, I was very much struck by observing the decided iiitlaence of that which is known as Lord Palau rston' s policy, existing several hundreds of miles from the ocean. I found piracy had been abolished, and that the slave trade had been so far suppressed as to be spoken of as a thing of the past; that lawful commerce had increased from 420,000 in ivory and gold dust to between two and three millions—one million of w hi c h was i n pa lm oil—to our own country ; that over twenty missions had been established, with schools in which 12,000 pupils were taught; that life and property were secure on the coast, and comparative peace established in large portions of the interior ; and all this was at a time when, from reading the speeches of well-informed gentle men at home, I had coil.° to the conclusion that our cruisers had dune nothing but aggravate the evils of the slave trade. Well, not finding what I wished by going to the west coast, I came down the Zambesi to the east coast, and there I found the country sealed up. The seine efforts had been made by our cruisers here as on the west coast, but in con sequence of foreigners being debarred from entering the country, neither traders nor missionaries had established themselves. The trade was only in a little ivory and gold dust and slaves, just as it was on the west coast before Lord Palreeretun's policy came into operation. It seemed to me, therefore, that as the Portuguese Government professed it self willing to aid in opening the country, and we had a large river, the Zambesi, which being full when I first de scended, it seemed a famous inlet to the higher lands and interior generally. I knew the natives to be almost all fond of trading, and, when away from the influence - of the slave trade, friendly and mild ; the soil fertile, and cotton and other products widely cultivated. It therefore appeared to me that if I could open this region to lawful commerce, I should supplement the efforts of our cruisers in the same way as has been done by traders and missionaries on the west coast, and perform a good service to Africa and to England. To accomplish this was the main object of the Zambesi expedi tion, and in speaking of what was done, it is to be under steed that Dr Kirk, Mr Livingstone, and others, composed it ; and when I speak in the plural number I mean them and wish to bear testimony to the zeal and untiring energy with which my companions worked. They were never daunted by difficulties nor dangers nor hard fare, and, were their services required in any other capacity, might be re lied on to perform their duty. The first discovery we made was a navigable entrance to the Zambesi, about a degree west of the Qailiimane river, which has always been repre sented as the mouth of the Zambesi, in order as some main tained, that the men of war might be induced to watch the false mouth, while slaves were quietly shipped from the real mouth. This mistake has lately been propagated in a map by the Colonial Minister of Portugal. On ascending Zam besi, we found that the Portuguese authorities, to whcm their Government had kindly commended us, had nearly all fled down to the sea-coast, and the country was in the hands of the natives, many of whom, by their brands, we saw had been slaves. As they were all quite friendly with us, we proceeded to our work, and ascended the river in a little steamer, which, having been made of steel plates, a material never before tried, and with an engine and boiler, the sweepings of some shop, very soon failed us. Indeed, the common canoes of the country passed us with ease, and the people in them looked back, wondering what this puffing, asthmatic thing could mean. The crocodiles thought it was a land animal swimming, and rushed at it in hopes of having a feast. The river, for the first 300 miles, is from half a mile to three miles wide. During half the year the water is abundant and deep ; during the other half, or the dry season, it is very shallow ; but, with pro perly-constructed vessels, much might be made of it during the whole of the ordinary years. We proceeded as soon as we could to the rapids above Zette, our intention having originally been to go up as far as the Great Victoria Falls, and do what we could with the Makololo, but our steamer could not steam a four-knot cur • rent. We then turned off to an affluent of the Zambesi, which flows into it about 100 miles from the sea; it is called the Shire, and, as far as we know, was never explored by any European before. It flows in a valley about 200 miles lung and 20 broad. Ranges of hills shut in the landscape on both sides, while the river itself winds excessively among marshes ; in one of these we counted 800 elephants, all in sight at one time. The population was very large, crowds of natives, armed with bows and poisoned arrows, lined the banks, and seemed disposed to resent any injury that might be inflicted. Bat by care and civility we gave them no occasion for commencing hostilities, though they were once just on the point of discharging their arrows. On a second visit they were more friendly, and the women and children appeared. We had so far gained their confidence that we left the steamer at Murchison's Cataract, Dr Kirk and I proceeding on foot to the N.N.E., discovered Lake Shirwa. The lake is not large ; it is said to have no outlet, and this is probably the case, for its water is brackish ; it abounds in fish, hippopotami, and leeches. The scenery around is very beautiful, the mountains on the east rising to a height of 8,000 or 9,000 feet. We were now among Manganja, a people who had not been visited by Europeans, and as I am often asked what sort of folk these savages are, 1 may answer they were as low as any we ever met, except bushmen, yet they all cultivated tho soil for their sustenance. They raise large quantities of maize or Indian corn, and other grain, which grows in a stalk 10 or 12 feet high. with grain very much like the hempseed given to canaries, and called by the Arabs dura (Ilcelcus gots hum); another kind of grain (tennisctunt); several kinds of beans, pumpkins, and melons ; cucumbers, from the seeds of which a fine oil is extracted ; cassava, from which our tapioca is made; ground nuts, which yield an oil fit for cooking; castor oil, with which they anoint their bodies; and tobacco and Indian hemp for smoking. The labour in the fields seemed to be performed by the whole family, men, women, and children being seen in the fields together. Each family had a patch of cotton, just as our forefathers had each a patch of land, and this cotton was spun and woven by the men, while the women malted and ground the corn and made the beer. Near many of the village furnaces were erected for smelting iron from the ore, and excellent hoes were made very cheap. All were eager traders, and very few were hunters, so they can scarcely be called savages, though without a doubt they were degraded enough. Their life hes always appeared to me to be one of fear. They may be attacked by other tribes and sold into slavery; and the idea this brings i", that they will be taken away, fattened, and eaten by the whites. The slave trader calls them beasts and savages, and they believe tha slave traders to be cani• bale. They also live in fear of witchcraft, and suspected persons are frequently compelled to drink the ordeal water, which is just about as sensible a means of detecting witches as our former mode of ducking in a pond. If the suspected person vomits, she is innocent; it not, guilty; end yet we laugh heartily at our forefathers believing that the woman who sank in the pond was innocent, and guilty If she swam —just as monomaniacs do with their illusions. Cultivating large tracts of land for grain, a favourite way of using the produce is to convert it into beer. It is not very intoxi cating, but when they consume large quantities they do become a little elevated. When a family brews a largo quantity, the friends and neighbours are invited to drink, and bring their hoes with them. They let off the excite ment in merrily hoeing their friend's field. At other times they consume large quantities for the same object as our regular topers at home. We entered one village and found the people all tipsy together. On seeing us, the men tried to induce the women to run away, but the ladies, too, were, as we mildly put it, " a little overcome," and laughed at the idea of their running. The village doctor ar range d matters by bringing a large pot of the liquid, with the intention of reducing us to the general level. Well, t h e peop l e generally, f we except the coast tribes, are v er y muc h l ike these, with outi the drunkenness. Wherev e r th e t zetzeexists the people possesses no cattle, as this insect p roves f atal to all domestic animals except the goat, man, and donkey. Its bite does no harm to man nor to the donkey, though one we took through a tzetze distriet did die, probably from over-fatigue. We made no discovery as to th e na t ure of the curious poison in jected by the insect, nor could we find out where it laid its eggs. Where the slave trade is unknown, the cattle are the only cause of war. The Makololo will travel a month for the sake of lifting cattle. This is not considered stealing, and when the question is put, why should you lift what does not belong to you,,they return the Scotch answer, " Why should these Makalaka, or black fellows, possess cattle, if they can't defend them?" Having secured the goodwill of the people below and adjacent to Murchison's cataracts, we next proceeded further north, and discovered the Shire flow ing in a broad gentle stream out to Lake Nyassa, about 60 miles above the cataracts. The country on each side of the river and lake rises up in what, from below, seem ranges of mountains, but when they have been ascended they turn out to be elevated plateaux, cool and well watered with streams. To show the difference of temperature, we were drinking the water of the Shire at 84 degrees, and by ono day's march up the ascent, of between 3,000 and 4,000 feet, we had it at 65 degrees, or 19 degrees lower. It felt as if iced. We had no trouble with the people. No dues were levied, nor fines do - mended, i mended, though the Manganja were quite independent n their bearing towards us and strikingly different from what they afterwards became. Our operations were confined e hiefly to gaining the friendships of the different tribes, and induce them what informatio n we could, with a view to them to cultivate cotton for exportation. It has already been mentioned that each family had its own cotton patch ; some of these were of considerable extent ; one field, close to Zedzane Cataract , I lately found to be 630 paces on one side, and the cotton was of excellent quality, not requiring replanting oftener than once in three years, and no fear of injury by frost. A ft e r careful examination, I have no hesi tation in te-asserting that we have there one of the finest cotton fields in the world. In remonstrating with the chiefs against selling their people into slavery, they justified themselves on the plea that none were sold excep t crimi nals. The crimes may not always be very great, but I conjecture, from the extreme ugliness of many slaves, that they are the degraded criminal classes; and it is not fair to take the typical negro from among them, any more than it would be to place " Bill Sykes" or some of Punch's garotters as the typical John Bull. For years I had been looking out for the typical negro, and never felt satisfied that I, had got him, for many of them aro the pictures of the old Assyrians ; others , b arrin g colour, which we soon forget, closely resemble acquaintances at home. Bat Mr. Winwood Read, in his work "Savage Africa," se ems to have lighted right on the head of the idea, in saving that no typica l ne g ro is seen in the portraits and monuments of the ancient Egyptians. When we had suc ceeded in gaining the goodwill of the people which crowded the whole Shire valley, the mission under the. late Bishop Mackenzie came into the country. Dr. Kirk hod performed a journey from the Murchison Cataracts across to Zette, a Portuguese village upon the Zambesi. Slave hunters then were sent along Dr. Kirk's route by the sanction el the pre sent Government, and calling themselves " My children." The scamps They joined themselves to another tribe called Ajawa, then in the act of migrating from the south-east, and who had been accustomed to take slaves annually down to Quillirnane and other settlements on the coast. Furnish ing the Ajawa with arms and ammunition they found it easy to drive those who were armed only with bows and arrows before them. When Dr Kirk, and Mr Charles Livingstone and I went up to show Bishop Mackenzie on to the high lands, we met a party of these Portuguese slaves coming with 81 captives bound and led towards Zette. The head of the party we knew perfectly, having had him in our em ployment in 'Gate. No force was employed, for even the slaves of the Governor knew they were doing wrong, and fled, leaving the whole of the captives in our hands. Bishop , Mackenzie received them gladly, and in a fertile country, with land free, in thd course of a year or two might, by training some GO boys to habits of industry have rendered his mission independent as far as native support was con cerned. Having been engaged in the formation of two missions in another part of the country, and having been familiar with thJ history of several, I never knew a mission undertaken under more favourable auspices. This would be the opinion of all who have commenced Muller enterprises in other parts, and it was that of the good bishop himself. lie was so thoroughly unselfish and of such a genial disposition that he soon gained the confi- dence e f the people, and this is the first great step to success The best way of treatiug these degraded people must always be very much that which is pursued in ragged schools. Their bodily wants must be attended to as the basis of all efforts at their elevation, The slave trade is the gigantic evil which meets us at every step in the country. We can not move through any part without meeting captured men and women, bound and sometimes gagged; so no good can be done if this crying evil is not grappled with. The good bishop had some 200 people entirely at his disposal, and would soon have presented to the country an example of a free community supported by its own industry, where fair dealing could be met, which undoubtedly would have created immense influence; for wherever the English name is known it is associated with freedom and fair play. Some seem to take a pleasure in running down their fellow-countrymen, but the longer I live I like them the better. They carry with them some sense of law and justice, and a spirit of kindliness, and were I in difficulty I should prefer going to anEnglishmalquefeißece to any other for aid. And as for English women, they do undoubtedly make the best wives, mothers, sisters, and daughters in the world. It is this conviction that makes me, in my desire to see slavery abolished and human happiness promoted, ardently wish to have some of our countrywomen transplanted to a region where they would both give and receive benefit, where every decent Christian Englishman, whether Churchman or Dis senter, learned or unlearned, liberal or I.:goted, weeld cer tainly become a blessing by introducing a better system than that which has prevailed for ages, We conducted Bishop Mackenzie and party up to the highlands, and after spend ing three or four days with them returned, and never had any more connexion with the conduct of the mission. We carried a boat past Murchison's Catara6ts. By these the river descends, at five different leaps of great beauty, 1,200 feet in a distance of about 40 miles. Above that we have 60 miles of fine deep rivers, flowing placidly out of Lake Agassa. As we sailed into this fine fresh-water lake we were naturally anxious to know its depth-10,12, 20, 30 fathoms —then no bottom with all our line, and John Neil, our sailor, at last pronounced it fit for the Great Eastern to sail in. We touched the bottom in a bay with a line of 100 fathoms, and a mile out could find no bottom at 116 fathoms. It contains plenty of fish, and great numbers of natives, daily engage in catching them with nets, hooks, spears, torches, and poison. The water remains about 72 deg., and the crocodiles having plenty of fish to eat, rarely attack men. It is from 50 to 60 miles broad, and we saw at least 225 miles of its length. As seen from the lake, it seems surrounded by mountains, and from these furious storms come suddenly down and raise high seas, which are dan gerous for a boat, but the native canoes go easily along the surface. The mountains on the west were ascended last year, and found to be only the edges of a great plateau, 3,000 feet above the sea. This is cool, well wa tered, and well peopled with the Manganja and the Maori, some of whom possess cattle; and I have no doubt but that, the first hardships over, and properly housed and fed, Eu ropeans would enjoy life and comfort. This part of Africa bas exactly the same form as Western India at Bombay, only this is a little higher and cooler. Well, having now a fair way into the highlands by means of the Zambesi and Shire, and a navigable course of river and lake of two miles across, by which all the slaves from the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, as well as some from Cuba went, and nearly all the inhabitants of this densely-peopled country actually knowing how to cultivate cotton, it seemed likely that their strong propensity to trade might be easily turned to the advantage of our own country as well as theirs. And here I beg to remark, that on my first journey, nry attention not having then been turned to the subject, I noticed only a few cases of its cultivation, but in this I saw much more than I had previously any idea of. The cotton is short in the staple, strong, and like wool in the hand—as good as Up land American. A second kind has keen introduced, as is seen in the name being foreign cotton, 'and a third variety of very superior quality, v ery long in the fibre, though usually believed to belong to South America, was found right in the middle of the continent, in the country of the Makalolo. A tree of it was Sin. diameter, like an ordinary apple tree. And all these require replanting not oftener than once in three years. There is no danger of frosts either to injure the crops. No sooner, however,lhad we begun our labours among the Manganj i than the African Portuguese, by instigating the Aj.twa, with arms and ammunition, to be paid for in slaves, produced the utmost confusion. Village after village was attacked and burned, for the Manganja, armed only with bows and arrows ; could not stand before firearms. The bowman's way of fighting is to be in ambush, and shoot 11 , s arrows unawares, while those with guns making a great noise cause the bowmen to run away. The women and children become captives. This process of slave hunting went on for some months, and then a panic seized the Manganja nation. All fled down to the river, only anxious to get that between them and their enemies; but they had all left their food behind them, and starva tion of thousands ensued. The Shire Valley, where thou sands lived at our first visit, was converted into literally a valley of dry bones. One cannot now walk a mile with out seeing a human skeleton—open a hut in the now de serted villages, and there lie the unburied skeletons. In some I opened there two skeletons, and a little one rolled up in a mat between them. 1 have always hated putting the blame of being baffled upon any one else, from a conviction that a man ought to succeed in all feasible projects in spite of everybody—and, moreover, not to be understood as casting a slur on the Portuguese in Europe, the Viscount Lavradio, the Viscount de le Bandcira, and others, being as anxious to see the abolition of the slave trade as could be desired. But the evil is done by the assertion in Europe of dominion in Africa, when it is quite well known that they were only a few half-castes the chil dren of Portuguese and black women, who have actually to pay tribute to the pure natives. Were they of the smallest benefit to Portugal f If any one ever made a fortune, and went home to spend it in Lisbon, or if any pleasure what ever could be derived by the Portuguese Government from spending £5,000 annually on needy Governors, who all connive at the slave trade—the thing could be understood. But Portugal gains nothing but a shocking bad name, as the first that began the slave trade, and the last to end it. To us it is a serious matter to see Lord Palmerston's policy, which has been so eminently successful on the west, so largely neutralised on the east coast. A great nation like ours cannot get rid of the obligations to other mem bers of the great community of nations. The police of the sea must be maintained, and should we send no more cruisers to suppress the slave trade, we would soon be ob liged to send them to suppress piracy, for no traffic en genders lawlessness as does this odious trade. The plan I proposed required a steamer on Lake Nyassa to take up the worry trade, as it is by the aid of that trade that the traffic in slaves is c ,rried on. The Government sent out a steamer which, though an excellent ono, was too deep for the Shire. Another steamer was then built at my own expense; this was all that could be desired, made to unscrew into 24 pieces ; and the Lady Nyassa, or Lady of the Lake, was actually unscrewed and ready for conveyance at the foot of Murchison's Cataracts, when, the people being swept away in the manner I have mentioned, a work was hindered which I confidently believed would have entirely changed the state of the country. It was the steamer Lady of Nyassa that took me across the Indian Ocean, and in it I purpose to try again. Were I young again I would gladly devote my time to the missionary work, but that must be done by younger men, specially educated for it—men will ing to rough it, and yet hold quietly and patiently on. When I become consul, it was with the confident hope that I should be able to stop the slave trade. I do not mean to give up. If being baffled had even made me lose heart, I should never have been here in the position which by your kinds ness I now occupy. I intend to make another attempt, but this time to the north of Portuguese territory, and I feel greatly encouraged by the interest you show, as it cannot be for the person, but from your sympathy with the cause of human liberty throughout the world. It startles us to see a great nation of our own blood despising the African's claims to humanity, and drifting helplessly into a war about him, and then drifting quite as helplessly into abolition and anti-slavery principles, and leading the Africans to fight. No mighty event like this terrible war ever took place with out teaching terrible lessons, One of these may be that, though icon the side et the oppressor there is power, there be higher than they." With respect to the Macau, neither drink, nor disease, nor slavery can root him out of the world. I never had any of the prodigious destruction of human life that takes place consequent on the slave hunting till I saw it ; and as this has gone on for centuries, it gives a wonderful idea of the vitality of the nation. TIIE GR,F,AT FIRE AT WOOLMER FOREST. —The Comois:,.ioners of Woods and Forests have issued bills ofLring a reward of LlOO to any person or persons, not being the principal or principals by whom the great planta tion was set on fire on Wednesday, the 17th ult., who shall give such information as shall lead to the conviction of those guilty. The fires still continue burning in the deep peat soil of Longmoro Enclosure in two places, and there is no probability of their being extinguished until the whole depth of peat is burnt out, or more heavy rains Bet in and flood the bottoms. The Quebec Daily News of the 7th inst. states that the 20-inch Henry gun recently finished at the Federal Fort Pitt works has been weighed and found to be slightly over 68 tons, The disembarkation of the Guards from her Majesty's screw troopship Himalaya took place at Portsmouth on Monday, under the personal _supervision and direction of Col. Shadwell, Assist—Quartermaster-Gen. for the South Western district. The Guards landed from the Himalaya at the transport jetty, and marched thence, headed by the drums and fifes playing "The British Grenadiers," to the north end of the dockyard, where some 60 carriages, divided into two special trains, were drawn up for their reception on the line of Government railway parallel with the iron foun dry and convict prison. As the men halted in line with the carriages sections were told off to each carriage, and the men were seated in their places in readiness to com mence their journey to Pimlico in an incredibly short contusion.t ed w 2 i t p h . o m u . t w t a h s e the slightest ina o fi x e e p d pr b o y a c t h h e a t bustle o u o thouristiies furr the seconl train to leave Portsmouth. Five minutes be fore that time it was clear of the dockyard boundary, and it passed through the I.,,ndp , )rt Station exactly at 2 p.m. The whole of the at rangements and their punctual xecu lion reflected great credit on Col. Shadwell. Major-Gun. Lord W. Paulet, C. 8., accompanied by his aide-dc-camp, Capt, St. John M, Paulet, rode into the dockyard to wit ness the disembarkation and departure of the Guards, The Wnrrior, 40, screw iron frigate, Capt. the Hon. A. A. Cochrane, C.B ,lying at Spithead, on Monday transferred the troops she brought to England from Gibraltar to the shore at Portsmouth is Government steam tenders. This fine ship was only four days and three hours from Plymouth to Gibraltar. In returning she used her canvass freely along the Coast of Portugal, and stood off the land to some distance under the inflaence of strong N.E. breezes, and the voyage home was therefore a little in excess of the voyage out, but the Warrior has done her work, including tho re ceipt of her orders and the final landing of her troops, in less than a fortnight. A contemporary has expressed an opinion that the employment of a ship such as the Warrior on occasional troop service, of the kind she has just so suc cessfully completed, must necessarily be an expensive mode of carrying on such service. This theory is, however, ets tirely wrong if judged by the results of the Warrior's work. The Warrior brought 400 military passengers from Gib raltar to England, and the consumption of coal during the voyage out and home could not well represent in hard cash more than one half the sum that would have been paid for the conveyance of the same number of troops from Gib raltar to England in the mail steamers. Irrespective of the Pew emic view of the question, however, it is quite neces sary that the cruisers of our iron-clad squadron should not be confined to channel "groping,'' and that they should be occasionally sent across the " bay" for 'a look into the Mediterranean, if only to show what could be done by them should their services at any time be urgently required. When the Warrior was first commissioned there were num bers of people who predicted that if she was sent to sea she must founder in the first gale she met with. She is now ad mitted to be the finest and most weatherly frigate in the British navy. It is but an act of simple justice to the cap tain and officers of the Warrior to state that no ship could well be in a higher state of efficiency than she is at the pre sent time. Documentary evidence at the Admiralty proves the high state of the discipline of her crew, their high pro ficiency in gunnery, and the extraordinary number of trained seamen guriners turned out of hand on board. All this and the general smartness and order of everything on board have been on several - occasions highly eulogised by the Lords of the Admiralty and Commander-in-Chief. Not one of the ship's crew has undergone corporal punishment during the three years and four months the ship has been in com mission. The Warrior has no defects, and only requires coaling prior to again sailing from Spithead to rejoin the Channel fleet. The Admiralty have, however, no coats at Portsmouth at present, and the Warrior, with the Tamar, Victoria, and other vessels, must wait the arrival of expected cargoes. The following memorandum from the Admiralty has been promulgated st Portsmouth dockyard : " Sept. 19, 1894. _ _ . . . . " Their Lordships have appointed F. Edgar, shipwright's apprentice, J. C. Spencer, J. A. Itedbrook, and J. Grainger, engineer students. to be students at the School of Naval Architecture at South Kensington. Further instructions will be sent when the school is ready to receive the stu dents." The 2d company of Royal Engineers, under orders to em bark for the Mauritius, together with the reinforcements of the same corps selected for service at St. Helena and New Zealand, have been furnished with their sea kits at head qrsarters, Chatham, and each detachment made up to its full complement, in readiness for embarkation. The companies were inspected on the parade ground at Brompton barracks on Saturday morning, and they will probably embark during the present week. By direction of the Admiralty a survey has been made of a number of the vessels composing the sailing reserve in Chatham harbour, preparatory to their being sold out of the navy, the whole of them, with some few exceptions, being altogether unsuited to the present requirements of the ser vice. There are about 50 vessels of various rates and siz , s. The greater number belong to the Symonds class of frigates and sloops, which, although considered perfect models of n.val architecture a few years ago, are now, for all prac tical purposes, perfectly tisele , s as ships of war. Of tne number stated some of the old line of battle and other ships, such as the Ocean, the Renown, the Devonshire, and the aloucester, are doing good service as receiving, hospito', and coal ships; but the rasjoriiy, including the Ganges, Si, the Vanguird, SO, the Chichester, 50, and the fine frigates Nankin, 50, Vernon, 50, Southampton, 50, and a vast num ber of sloops end igac sof lesser tonnage, are rotting in the harbour. They impede the navigation, and each ship requires a staff of warrant officers and men to be kept on board for the purpose of looking after the vessel. Several of the squadron of sailing vessels in the Medway have been turned to profitable use by being fitted for training and school ships, and sent to the Thames, Liverpool, Bristol, and many other of the principal ports, and it is deserving of the serious considerati,n of the Admiralty whether, consi dering that probably not one of the numerous sailing ves sels of war now lying at Chatham will ever again be required for service in warfare, it would not be advisable to utilise all the available vessels of this class for purposes of sea manship connected with the mercantile marine rather than keep them in idleness until they are only fit to be broken up, as it is expected will be found to be the case with the majo rity of those now in the harbour. Her Majesty's steam troopship Fox, Staff Commander Pullen, sailed from Woolwich on Saturday for Spithead, laden with the whole of the machinery appointed for the new despatch vessel Helicon, two of her boilers, and two boilers for the screw corvette Pearl. As the weather wag inclined to be stormy, she was expected to bring up for the night under Dangeness or the North Foreland, when Capt. Pollen said he would have a favourable opportunity of putting the resisting power of Capt. Rodgeree new anchor, shipped immediately before his departure, to a first new trial, and would report the result on his return to Woolwich. Her Majesty's 6-gtua vessel Landrail was on Saturday masted and rigged down in basin at Woolwich, in prepara tion for recommission. A few months ago a wholesale system of fraud on the part of a recruiting-sergeant of Royal Artillery, named Saunders, was detected by the authorities at Woolwich. The delinquent, 'who is supposed to have enriched himself to a considerable amount by the success of a cleverly-managed scheme, worked out for several years, broke his arrest, and effected his escape from the place. The case is still under investigation. Major Hay, the Garrison Brigade-Major, has now attended at the Woolwich Police-court before the sitting magistrate, and exhibited a huge bundle of attesta tion papers upon which the signature of the magistrate was supposed to have been forged. Mr Bousted, the chief clerk I and solicitor, after examining the documents, marked nearly the whole as forged, a few only being genuine and three doubtful. The mode adopted by Saunders is now for the first time publicly disclosed. In nearly every instance a false return was grafted as it were upon a true one which had been previously used. Two instances will be sufficient to illus trate the system :—A gentleman's son, named John Camp- Ibell, ran away from his home and enlisted in the Royal Artillery, passed the doctor's examination, and was attested Being discovered by his friends, he was released by purchase. Saunders took the attestation papers, added the words " Lee," making the name John Campbell Lee, and received about 20s for enlistment money, and three or four days' pay to the imaginary recruit. A young man named John Jarvis also enlisted, and is still serving, but his attestation paper was made to do double service by the ad dition of the word " Watts," and the money was obtained twice. Some of the frauds, however, appear to have been differently carried out. The surgeon's signature has in a few cases been also forged, and it is believed the recruit's also, when he had failed to pass the medical inspection, or had absconded after enlisting, as was frequently the case. A paper has been found bearing the signature a s witness of a non-commissioned officer named Morgan, and no signa., ture of the recruit himself. This led to the discovery that Morgan, who was employed in the office, had been in the habit of supplying these papers in b lank, against the regu lations, and giving them to Saunders , to procure the ingna- Jure of the recruit. The number of papers at present ascer tained to have been forged is about 100, and a further number is expected to be forth c oming, as the inquiry, a very difficult and tedious one, is still in progress. The f ug itive sergeant is supposed to have joined th e American I army. RAILWAYS AND BUILDING LAND IN THE ISLE OF WIGHT.—The opening of the Eastern Section Rail way, from Ryde to Shanklin, which line will soon be con tinued on to Ventnor and Newport, thus connecting Cowes with Rydo, has given a great impetus to building at all stations: Sandown, a favourite and fact increasing resort on the Isle of Wight coast, owing to its unequalled bathing sands, has greatly increased in houses and population of late years, and now that it has the advantage of a railroad bring ing it in close proximity with Rydo and Newport, the demand for land has recently much increased. Tho Con servative Land Society has just acquired the Sunnyside estate, within half a mile of the Sandown station. The property is in one of the most picturesque positions, com manding a grand panoramic view of a great part of the in terior of the Isle of Wight, with an uninterrupted frontage to the sea. The Sunnyside estate has two approacheas one at the upper part of Sandown, a short distance from the church, the other on the Shanklin road, adjoining the par , ischage grounds, besides a footpath on the cliff. This is the first land acquired in the Isle of Wight by the society, making its 51st estate in 21 counties. The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (limited!. T U E 0 X F OR D, 6, OXFORD STREET, W. During this week will be performed, Selections from the following Operas, viz., THE TROVATORE, NABUCO, UN BALLO IN MAS,'HERA, LA FORZA DEL DESTINO, by Verdi ; and THE TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA, by Sir 11. I ishop. Principal Artistes:—Misses Russell, Tyrr, 11, Walmsley, Fitz-Henry, and Barrie ; Messrs. Marini, Hush, Green M ireello, and Albert. Comedy by UNSWORTH, EUGENE, W. Randall, C. Burton, and Mdlle. Cavaiho, the celebrated Comedienne and Mimic. Admission—Area, 6d. ; stalls and balcony, le. ; private boxes, 10s. 6d.