The Sun. — London, England, 1826-02-25 00:00:00

Anewledge 04 they must be the most Ungrateful men in the to ascertain what were the disadvantages really attendant on world. Those measures had relieved the Navigation Laws from the measure. The measure had passed with the cortetirreneeper. utany vexations and -mien regulations, they had relieved ham of some of the manufacturers t a hemselves, wh n! disregard the Custom Dues from many exeteresive charges, from the its evil effects if put off fso long period us two yßut Transit Dative from the highly injurious system of been - a great mate of the population were inconsequence at a stand, ties and drawLelts, and many other hindrances.. to the and the house was bound to consider the question as it affected progress of counnertial prosperity. The, reduction of Port the cou ntr y at lar g e, and not with reference to any partieular set Charges had mad the port of London, 'into whioh foreigh 'of manufacturers. It was well deserving of attention that very vessels' could Scarcely cotiee before from the vexatious serious apprehensions were just now.entertained by the public, nature of the churges, now the poet, perhaps in all Eu. as to the fearful consequenees which might probably attend the rope, where the . least possible charge and o b s t ru ction ex- terninga great number of operatives loose froth employment at itod. It WnB Itinfossible to KAY toe winch of what was owed such a period as the present. Such dapgerous results might not. to the Ministers try wadi:ans. fbr these measures; and he for he dreaded from mistaken measures, if idler the destruction of one, W(ti-ivittly and anxious to make every acknowledgment in the silk trade its operatives could resort to .any ether branch, his poWer, lhelouteedly sonic of such measures must depend as for instance the cotton trade, for the means of support. But expo') trial, and there was one part of them which required to be unfortunately no such resource existed, for the mum marittlac. .matched:on flexitime of the great increase of American carrying turers were already obliged to (Recharge many of their work. weasel), to be seen in our pone. Thie required the watchful eye men. One great error he perceived in the tnetentres of the of his Right Hon. Friend, and he was sure it would receive the Right lion. Gentleman, that he made all his experiments tote. attention it deserved. He was not aware that it was imputable titer. Being mistaken, as be certainly mittht be, whi' tnisehief to what had been done by the' Government, but at all events i t most Government, flow from such a mode of peoceeding. The Hight Hon. required looking to. Upon these points, thereiore, he thought . Gentleman had said, that be anticipated a charge upon his tnea. the course of the Ministers highly latidable. -But what he cone. pores from whatever mischiefs might subsequently arise, but plained of wee that they. were pushing the abstract principle s o f that he wee p re p ared to shew. that it did not originate withMtn. the theeriets beyond their proper bounds, end that it was obvi- He could tell the Right Ilori. Gentleman' that trade was now ously the leading feature of the Government raeasures to carry languishing, and that if ineasures were not adord to prevent those principles to eittreme a, without a due consideration for such a consequence, that it ,would expiee'altoge er within tvo .execipteti !torn their application. If years. It had been said that the misfortunes ill the silk menu. VMS which oUght to be , e , • , their conduct were viewed with reference - to the 11. notes, it lecturers followed from their °ecru:Wing. e his overtradmr, he eevinced a determination to adopt the measure u pon principle did not look upon to be so great a fault as it was usually is. alone, and without listening to the opinions of practical men teemed. lie thought the name of unsuccessful trading would as to the eircurtestances, -under which the change, was about have been more Appropriate. The fact was, there WAR no to be effected. If they came to the Silk question, there was such thing as overtrading tit all. It was admitted on all sides, the same disposition to incur all risks, and act opon theo. that the manufaeturere had 110 great stocks of goods upon their Te n n i principles at the danger of throwing: he labourer hands. But apprehending the effects of the law, they feared out of his breed, anti bringing entire ruin upon the ma. to risk their capital, and so busineee was at a leant. it die nufacturer. If they went on to the subject of Exchequer House would not put off the question that night, they would Bills—where relief was asked by the merchants of England find that there was no such thing as overtrading. The Right in a eitee of remarkable distress, it was not to be 'done, Hon. Gentleman had proceeded without sufficient information, ac cording to the doctrine of the Government, because it would and that was good cause for appointing a Committeeeo roves. be . against the principles of political economy . Those tigatethe subject. A letter which he held in hie band front principles mug nut bend before the . suffering of utmost the Mayor of 51acclesfield would shew how much the state of all classes of the cootruunity.-:there must be no mitigation of business in that town had been tnieunderstood. In 11125 there that suffering, no relief for that distress, because.it could not, be was a great want of hands in 31accleefield. The men availed ..done after cite. LlCK:trine of the theoriets ; and that was the gene. themselves of the Combination haws, anti struck for wages ; gal principle of action by which hie -Majesty'S' Government was sortie children too who were articled for' three years quitted evidently guided. Now he apprehended this to be a mistaken their employment. As an expedient two or dine: eilk.throw. application of the principles of which they ,were so much.. en. ster advertised in the public papers that 5,000 men were wanted, amourcii., Wu !Intl in - a state of society, where so many cony- and this proceeding, with a: resolution among the masters not plicated anti extensive interests bad grown up under it different to employ each other's men, had' the &Feet of putting down system, end to which it was impossible to imply these prin. the cotnbination, and bringing, back the men to their duty. chiles in their exteeme rigour. Deft it the country was to be Theadvertisement was merely deeigneel to answer that purpose, delivered over to those prtnelplei, in contempt of unfitness and it was successful. es to the mode 'in which it had been to receive cheat, it was catty to ?thew that those who supported stated, the two French Gentlemen were treated by sonic maa and put-them forwarti,enth with the boost theories in the world, milacturers, the fact was that an informer came to"tlie . mantn. wo n. got, into the, greateet difficulties of themselves. If he lecturers who described the Frenchmen as s mugglers of silk, were to refer to a lute friend of his, and a Man of eminent mind the manufacturers were naturally jealous of shell an encroach. tint inger.uityaehe noting the lute 21 e. Ricardo—they would see titerinand on examination the silk appeared to them to, have, been nwexample of this in his theory of einimensation between the manufactured in prance, though it way :subsequently proved property of the country anti the debt, which was one of the most to have been 'manufactured at Spitalffehle anti Manchester. beautiful sYetents in theory that 'the ineaginetion of man ever The grounds of suspicion were, however, very strong, and one devised. Bart evcrj man now kneW dint it was totally itn. of the Frenchmen was still a manufacturer in •Paers, 'anti at practicable treattempt bringing ;it into operation. Then again Lyons. He could bring a witness to prove that that atone (I en hie system of e Bitok was now entirely exploded.— titian had offered goods on the Continent to lie conveyed to lie said. this to.Sitcw, what was the nature or the lights by which England, and said that they might easily be s mu gg led. Ile they were ttekte guitied.. Ile recollected that when his Right then 'made some observations on the defective mode in which lion. Friend wait advocatingthe high price or corn, lie quoted the charge of the manufacturers had been investigated. The it book wrote) at the Zirne by 31r..Alalthus, to prove' that the Right Hon. Gentlemen, lie said, had cautioned the House price of coro . lied nothing to do with rent.'And now they egatnst adopting retrograde measures, and urged that If they had • another eminent Doctor who undertook to write a bsok should now relinquish their principles of trade, it would have to sheik Met _Absenteeism in Ireland wee no evil. If ever the effect of making Europe . /shrink from ever joining thew there was WI ithiilati doctrine put forth by an tilde and in- inn a similar measure at any future period, But lie (31r. , telligent , mind. ,tipon other . subjects,' it was this. (Hear, Baring) would ask what would be the coneequenee if they )rerrn hear 1)-41e :dated these hunt' to NNW what was to about(' ? *ln that event, what .encouragement would ISu. become of them if they =seined to be' guided by these rope be likely to conceive from their measures ? If the step theorista arid attended to nothing which fell from pre& they were abeut to take wee a prover one, they ought to pro. tical toen. lit: did not mean :to say that practical men ceed ; but, if there were a things rof 'failtheeit wottld be infi. were free from error. Ile knew very well that they mein. tritely more dangerous to the' cause of free trade than no step twined opinions as, absurd as could be well conceived. But if at all. It' the measure were right,. in God's name let diem the two parties would'excluitige some of their knowledge, and put it in execution ; but, it they had the slighteet doubt of its h ee e, a log e l ess con t ete pt, , for each other, they would both come ,StleCeS3,' let Mein consider the ;number and distress.. of the to eOl - IC4tiiOnts inneh Mott likOtOnntiOn sense than those at which parties, who would be injured by its operation.. They ought they now arrived. Ilia Right Hon. Friend had culled upon to be able to say at what certain price the poor could live, 'anti the flouSe to, try these principles for the first time upon it now they' could be supported,' or were they working in the dark.. brooch of our tnentilaiitures whieli had been encouraged under The Right Honourable Gentleman was working in the dark, it different system, and which had grown up to :an important and he could not help it. The property or the counity, in. eitent. Thee were 'tow, however, to dirow down the protec. eluding its landed interest, W 45 now in a suite of ettspenee. Lion to this trade, in which France, notoriously excelled tot; conclusion, he read an extract from a letter, which urged the with, uotioulittelly, the exception of a duty of 30 per cent. necessity of conibiningpractical intiwniation with the soundest Until this uteesete Was rewolved upon, eiti had been labouring general blots in order to avoid schemes of thearragement in under greet igitoraitee es to the mate of the Silk Trade in public acts. foreign *mut:rite. It warns alweys thought that our great skill Mr. HINEISSON, in explanation,' said, that he hnd never and superior capital would soon give us a 'superiority over known, or even :teen the French Uentleman alluded to by the the manuteettirce of othee States. Persons cur aerie in the lion. Member. It was a mistake to say that he had never con. trade had been equally igtiorant upon this point with the 00. feived with the parties, who made the charge' or , smuggling,— vernmeitt. But new it turned outeefor travellers had been sent He had conferred with them, and he expressed in their presence t., all pate of l'airope;-:-that'ilic niatitifecturers of ether mum. his opinion of their conduct on failing in such a charge. tries loot abilittittnce Of capital i in tioroo pliteee more then we Mr. D AVENPORT objected to the cluirge of inconsistency had . , and that iihresitect to skill , every thing %vela - Jew lied been made upon those who called for inquiry. . fled they indeed copied from, liten, and we were still greatly behind. So that, called for a repeal of the law, there would be some colour for insteadortneatitat them 'in the market with the advantage 'of the charge; but there could he no inconsistency in examining shill ancf capital, it was found that wit pow:teed less skill and whether their measure tended to the de:ono:Mtn of thirteen no superiorety in opted at ell. The emend employed in the thousand individuals, who, before the'enactinent. of the preeent tette - fete Paste, it was blondwottlil buy Coveetry out and out. fatal laws, enjoyed a prosperous suite' of trade. He thought that He, contended that it ~rows Mbar satishireorily Matte out, that wit only two clasees of persons would be benefitted by the Ittiv''sts it were , hna etch' ofelisedvantege whit regure to titiß:r countries, stood—mitnely the haeiOn mattufecturerti anti atunggleria ;For nnder which we were Dot able to enter into competition with his part he had but one opinion on the subject from thebegits. ;hem. lie wonlif not trouble the 1 t tante by the details by which ping, and therefore the charge of inconsistence coulditot ;triply ;Iris was proved, but sta t the result of all the examinations upon to him. The pounce' ecoetwel s t e might indeed be againet him, the subject. A het of pricosintnil been obtained from Lyons, but the country was on his side ; and he could assu r e the for_ aS,UtiOil e eeei )lassie ; but for the porpoise of proving the fact,' iner, that what grew in broke did not always grow in gardens; go t )4 bad bet:h purchased at the prices, and with `the per- Mr. C. GRANT admitted great purity of motive to the reae miesion of the novernment brought to this country. The con. coning of the Hon. Gentleman who preceded Mtn., Ile believe elusion: to which they came was, that at Lyons the difference'. ed that the manufacturers were perfectly sincere in the cetres- ! of pricee. Wee. fOrtY•dive her cent. In Switzerland, the difference Ilion of their• feeling on a subject in which they were so interest; wee (rein filtaalive to sixty per ceen, upon plain goods, and from ed. It WAS source of regret to hito that the House must of sixty tO on e h un d re d u p on o the rs . Tide was the reeult of all necessity encounter the opinions of the misinfortned, in what. :the inquiry the 'partied were able to make, and to meet this dis. ever measures they•would adopt. An Hon. Gentleman hail advateteige, our inenufecturere Were to be protected by a duty charged his Right Hon. Friend with wandering' from the reel of 311 per cent., 'which in reelity' would be reduced to twenty point in question: h u t h e should have recollected that the dee Ile knew nothing at' the Silk Trade himself, but he received perture was occasioned by the topics Introduced in the course thiainfbriteition frotti Sleetlemen 'of undotibteel reepeciability of the preceding speech, end Grant) would migraine .There ,Wete, Some tacte, IMWever, upon Which the llottebeould late the country that those topics afforded his Right Honourable judge.'forsitselt they found that this Ml:fence in Friend the opportunity of stating the principle% on which he prises' was The gement (Ito difference him the. cost of subsistence, acted, and the remelts tin those principles, in the luminous style .thequeadett reerdeed,itteiff into the inereie of subsistence hi the of eloquence which characterised r his tuddress. When the Hon. differeneeeontries. Wages at Basle were said to be good when Gentleman hati denied that a charge of insensibility .was made me men earned 4e, tt Week. Vile manufacturers of Lyons and upon his Wight Honourable Friend, he must have forgotten Switietlandhadetlie Wits of Provence and Italy at their backs, the language of the speech in 'wide!, that imputation was Clint. And Meet therefore produce the article cheaper than *here such untied. itN to die charge of wandering from the question, the .etivaniagee 'did not exist. ) 7 1 . tit With regard to the question or tionaurelde (lentleman hod himself committed a more in. subsistence, the lehourer in' those countries not only had his excusable departure, What . possible connection could be bread cheaper, but rtepaireti lees of it, than the hthOttrer, eonrehicd; between the mime); of eleeeullough, Malibu'', or here. His c.atilition wits much lower than the condition. Ricardo, and the question which they were now discussing'? or the F:rigtiett labourer, end the value of his labour was there. --lie was sorry that the Honourable Gentleman could be fore se much the lees. The' enquiry at Lyons led to the 'die. induced to add the weight of his talents and his eloquence covery that one menu factueer lodged and fed tile labourers., to the hide of those who were so inferior to hint in both 'lt . was Mend diet they were lodged in a large garret over his respects, and who were anxious for the importance which they filetory, 'where they slept upon straw, With all the ability .or acquired by the aceeseion of such an ally. Ile boil stated that his flight lion. Friend's speech, it had never touchedupen the his 'Right Hon. Friend had evaded the point in issue. New point of how, or whether ot/r, silk trade could be earned on this was just whet he did himself. What was the point in issue? • against that of France, under thew circumstances. He was can. What alternative -a-what remedy had he suggested ? lje ch i d. senced it must be driven out even of the home market, and that lunged him to point out a single one, as offered in the course what was noW the case with the silk manufacturer, would here. of his address to 'the Meese. The question at itiStltt was 1101, after Implicit to tlet cotton trade, the woollen trade, and the other whether' there should be a competition or not, but whether great branches 'of the industry of the country, if these prina there .shouid be competition of the best, or of the worst eipleis were to be Intel - m(110 extremes, and with an utter dim. possible kind. Did the Prohibition Laws secure the trade of thin country from competition e By glad of emit vast and alarming consequetices. •If should' ,beno means— compe. titian exletett under that system,and t recollected that the' silk trade' had already passed from one of the meet injurious cannery to another, and might easily be • driven from this, character. The present was a prueticA measure of tiovern.. di w t t i antages ,— !tient, designed to remedy a practical grievance, where it was shewn to virtu Under so many and introduced. • Another of proemitagmonga our manufacturer* :twee to - three evils thereby removed. The first wit. the duty on raw by nracticel inen. Ile would point-the attention of the House Trims the naval power orarititin.. While Europe was for many years engaged in War, it WS* tf3turid that the nation which had and thrown silk, the second the Spitaltiehis Act, and the power to eommand die sea should also have A COMMAnd of the third the Prohibition Act. As to the fire, it aggrayated the foreign markets; Such were the 'adeanneoper. w hi c h this .country price* on raw silk by 30 or 40 per cent., and on both raw and exclusively possetoted in consequence of its naval auperlority.— thrown silk it raised the cost 70 or 80 per cent. to the con. The matitthicturer* of Rouen and other parts of France e nt e r e d sumer. The drawback was suite an insufficient relief, and. into speculations of trade with great hesitation, lest they should it .frequently aggravated the evil. The Spitallields and put thou capital in leopardy. The advantege of markets, which Prohibition Acts were also grievances in a pract ica l view.-•. twr Navy enabled Iritain to command, was not one which he When it was alleged that the measures of Govenunent :were coneeiced very desirable for any nation exclusively to possess-a- berried, it would *cent as if they were now, for the first and it wits one which every day's optintieneeof ptieSe was a care introduced to the notice of the House, and had nut been folly ing sway. liesidea, its benefits were more available to our cotton discussed two years since. lie denied dud those measures in. :trade, and to ievend other branehea thau to the silk trade.— ttueneed the silk trade, so as to cause its present depression ; The Manufacture of had. at all dines been -a favourite at. because that depression was not confined to the silk trade .tieleaol'Prineltecommerce; end, if other circumstances were. alone, nor to .any of those trades which humid formed the sub.' wanted - to , dissnade the' British Parliament.from commencing jeCt of .1 gielation. It certainly, extended to many trades, their alterations with the,silk trade, the superiority Attained by with which the law had not at all Interfered, as for instance to the French manufecturers should be sufficient. It was 040 to be the timber tradea-to , the tallow trade; and: to several others.— :.,observed, that , when ,otictt a country had got the start of othets, Could it be considered a just .concleeion to assign a, particular . and pottecesed the vantage i'. ground n arty one department of cause for a general effect? Unfortunately instate of depression commerce, it was difficult.in the extreme-.-81MOSt imposelble to we, by no mean* unusual with the silk trade. It occurred • drive them from it by tama. petition. France now possessed the moat every three years. in 1819: the silk ,trade of Coventry •vantsg egroun d with regard to the *ilk trade, and England h a d .leboured under peculiar depression, so tnueli so, that the Mem the superiority in ilk , coq9p. 'trade. H ut how tong, he would. ber for Coventry,. thought it necessary to' int/chime a Ilid for ask, would that etiperiority corit yore ? fine Right llonotteable the - regulation of wages there, Five shillingv week h'srs cite° each, workniani and vete , . many trt' .. Gen deletion ire the course • • 01 . toe ii.ad complete. it no, w, evaded die mein points of the questton, bud Opt uteeresa . a ha,l i tay.c teeouree periehrilief. Steck h e hjeCt Of the rem Laws, though Met we I Li°o * 6 euticnuth then cited tin extract halm the eftittats lit would call tenon the House Coarrneeee, wl 'ea • rewoled b' • ' a I the num er or' loonis tdb. " I ' v4ll P 41 ' 171 " ) "' "1 bo classes of in timid wits he:trendy the ease. .tot dpi „,, o , b y t t e er e nectenente t poor . urin e el eltise et, the you :1703e .and the distress ivhielt The womunil., in their pewer. to. prevaile4.in 17n, when dens manufacturing weavers athireSsed degl whim them as 014 , e n n o it watt Ont Of their p4)sver a letter to the Court or 'Lest India Directors, requestingbilk tho to wool., the corn haws, Having gone so fair, he thought they itl T l: d ortation of th rown s ilk. Iti 11101 the tliotTatot , the could not eonsii t tentle refuse to go further ; and if the 'tight e wag extreme, and a moat lamentable period occurred in llottourable tientiernan were to persist in pressing his Bill, it It la. A meeting was held at die Mansion Houee, which . would surely be necessary for the House to go into a Committee complained orate vest importations of smuggled silk goods. A ~' `t l .• , .. , . . ~.. , lion. Gentleman would attend to the remonstr ance when it Was stated that agitation in the country was mainly owing to his Majesty's Government. In the correspondence he had had with country bankers, they wished to a, man to get rid .of this class of men that.. the Honourable Member took this step, but any thing. he could do to strengthen country bankers, he would in his opinion, be attended with Ilettefit to the countryk The s i measures lately taken had contriblited to the gottinuance o). he panic. The . Honous t lir .51ember h 1 a Kir which id \ that the coeasiirey r ' la.jenti' i s ) 3u i ters crying down E circulationsok the n y lath, Is ttie` e pantos Ile' knew' . not whether the ig tt lion . Gen eman intended i To renew his , - appoSition to the motion he should make:''' Would the Right - .! Hon. Gentleman consent to any utoditication of his measure? As he received no assurance on tliai-sithject, he should think•it his duty, when they came to the proper;period of the Bill, to take the sense of the House on this proposition, ; Sir JOHN WROTTESLEY felt obliged to dissent from his lion. Friend upon the - expediency of ma king the proposed motion. lie thought it would. be of no value to the country bankers. After the manner •in which their affairs had been } brought before that House, it was unnecessary to stamp further notes. Had it not been-for the order which suspended the stamping of Bank notes, the Right Hon. Gentleman would not have carried his measure. He wished to know what was to be ' done with the excess of il. notes. The Bank, as the Bill stood, might stamp a million of notes bearing date under the 10th of October. If it was not the intention of the Right Hon. Gen tleman to allow a large amount ofiknotes to be circulated, let hifri•isay so. He implored, the Right Hon. Gentleman not to let, the Bill-be the means f delugnig the country with small notes. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said he had ~ resorted to a very homely expression. On a former night hes stated that he would not squabble with the Hon. Member for Aberdeen about the committal of the Bill. His intention war . toieconitoit it .that night, but if it were more desirable the amendments might be ntided and debated upon receiving . the Report. If, hoivever, the recommittal of the Bill was required, • lie should not object to it. Mr. HUME expressed a wish to see the clauses amended. The question was then put for the Speaker leaving . the Chair, and the House went into Committee on the Bal. . ' 'Mr. CAI.CRAFT objected to the first clause. It enicted. • that the Act of the 17th (leo. 111., made perpetual by the 27th of Ge0..111., should not extend to notes under 51., payable on demand, - and the Hon. Member had been infonned that no drafts under.sl. could be paid without subjecting the party who received the name to a penalty. The clause was at variance with an existing Act of Parliament. The. ATTORNEY-OUNERAL and the CIIANCELLOR of the F 4 XCIiEQUER explained the law as not interfering With the clause. A conversation then ensued on the subject of PP" nt in specie by the Bank. The llr. I C W I I I t A It :C E E r L a i LO ied CHAN CELLOR of would enable the Bank to evade paying 11. in gold. ~„1, that the Act of 1821 was no longer in force. before Upon clause A, giving a penalty 01.501. upon issuing . oth.April, 1820 , , - any notes under 51. payable on demand, ex_ cept such as are allowed by this Bill, some discussion ensueod, between Mr. Denman, the Attorney. oqfutiesieti.oEnxtecliteuthQerutEheitAct of 1021 • the Exchequer, Mr. J. Smith, .31r. Martin, and Sir .1. 1 • 1 ;.`,1 . tesley. The Acts of the 17th, 48th, 15th, and i 21st of 010. i" were described as clashing with th e Bill. laws ; Mr. HUME suggested that the whole of the existing e...e relating to the Bank of England, should be swept AWAY h lin they proceeded to pass the measure before the Ileut , e• f o n.. Mr. DENMAN supported the suggestion of the Hon. h her for Aberdeen. I, tier- .. General, the Chcanncetelnl?u:t. '. plexity in the Acts brought under discussion, The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said, there was ulue - iii, e and a n ! , to 13111 before the Douse had passed, a Bill might be Pa"' prepared forthwith. consolidate and explain these Acts. • ' tit be Mr. HUME thought a.Bill, having that object, n u g also o th fillulll.ll!etquCi.te"artiviti:ilNee t s i ti le ppl i : i r ll t . ed the suggestion : f 1 : MT. J. SMITH thought the operation of the 17th of Geo'r'g e ' An objection was taken by Mr. DENMAN to Cl'a making persons liable to a p ena l t y o f 201. w ho made any ntr p b a a y n a k h 4 l r e s, to al o w r de s r ub o j fi ec b t gested that the clause might apply to cheques and drafts? who la t pal " le Il p ls oot o . f p e eni sc o l n es s i , ig "un:eor:/. w it was sun; penalty, to imprisonment. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER sai d , ' be Rev. Gentleman - had state& that of 13,004 rooms, 10,000 were unemployed. In 11117 the manufacturers complained that they were forced to infringe upon their capital for support, and among the causes of depression in , the trade,. they alleged first the duty on the raw material, and, secondly, the' practice of smuggling. The distress Of .the :present time was not to be compared to that of 1810. In Spitalfletds and Bethnal-green, , the poor operatives were all -reduced to the last degree of wretchedness; They' did not indeed consist exclusively 'of weavers; illlany poor persons had recourse to that trade •as a mean of subsistence who were not reared to it, and'in a periad.of distress thcywere the first to be put out of The corn, binations of workmen had Mandy contributed to these results, and the masters and the workmen having been for a consider able time at variance occasioneel,a measure. which ultiniate .Mately brought on a stagnation of trade, which was in part also owing - to the meetings whieh took place at. 31seelesfield, .where it was declared by the trade generally that it was impossible for them to compete in the markets with the foreign manufacturer.. The country had certainly to complain, in this instance, of the conduct of our own manufacturers, for it was due to the country that this experiment should have been tried. Some of the ma., nufitcturera had agreed to take the drawback on the raw'silk and the protecting tiuty, and try the experiment. It was absurd to say the experiment had been tried. If could dot be tried ; we were not, nor could we be in a condition to try. it fairly for an-, other couple of years. And now the Government was asked what was their remedy? He asked the lion; Member for Co-: ventry what was his ? Was it a Committee ? Good God, Sir, to talk of a (.;ommitee, which could not be less than the whole of the Session employed in enquiring . on this point alone, was the greatest insult to those, who now crowded round the House, arid pleaded their pressing distresses as a title to.instant redress. The proposition was an insult to that distress. The manufactn: refs affected 'to say, if theduties on importation of the raW mate rid were withdrawn, and a protecting duty of 15 per cent. levied on foreign goods, thetwoOld, not tremble at entering into core. petition with the foreign manufacturer. Here protecting ditties to the amount of 30 per cent. wow offered. The a ss u mpti o n of the petitioners wits extraordinali--..they first assumed that there ought to be one-third more waste in a manufactory here, than in one in France. • Next, dun all other things shoOld re main in the same condition as tHey stood upOU resolving to try this experiment. And lastly, that even machinery itself' should. stand still, contrary td till experience, in - eases of increased demand. The expense of tlyoing was materially lessened, in consequence of the diminution of the price of madder and dye stare, and even Government had it in its intention to reduce the duties on soap. employed in this trade. At present, too, our Colonial raw silk was become - so fine and good, thee orgunzine; or,. East India silk, Wal chosen in preference for: many sorts of goods, snore particularly in the-Irish silk trade. He next alluded to the investigation which had taken place. as to the case of a foreign .manufacturer accused 'Of smuggling foreign goods .into this country. The British manutactOrers were, as the parties interested, consulted, as to bow the inquiry should take place, and their sug gestion acted upon ; atilt these parties affected doubt. then, did they not proceed, to prosecute 31. tie Pouihie fOr the supposed fraud ? Ulm feet was, they could not.. The real dillic,ulty in the case of the throwsters was, that already so large acapital had been embarked in this trade ; for very many considered' that a protecting duty of Ss. or -is., or even 3s. dd. per lb., would be a sufficient protection to our manufacturers' hem It had been found by an intelligent throwster travelling through Lyons, that even there the French manufacturer could rinttlirow silk at less than four shillings per pound. The nut notheture oftbrowing silk was quite a separate branch front silk weaving, and, Tune-tenths of it was carried on by machinery. Still the saute British machinery, .or rather the same.Briush genius, wan' not applied to the weaving of silk as had been ap plied to cotton weaving. A hope, however, might be Indulged of a 'brighter day' for the British• silk manufactures, from the circumstance of there being, itt this moment, two steam engines at work in the manufacture of Oros de Naples silk,. which was a most important improvement of our machinery; , The argn ment founded on the simple manners rtml poverty of tire Swit. zer. Silk Manufacturers , resolved itself; into this, that we must decline all competition with nations less refined, or having smaller capitals shun ourselves. Why then did we dare to enter into competition with Ireland, whose poverty. was pro verbial ? and .yet, England, though .wealthy and a great ca pitalist, was always its superior. Some loudly clamoured for time; now enough of time, iii his mind, had been granted to prepare the trade already, anti he wits conaeientibUsly convinced that the house would act with mercy to' these parties, if' they game to a determination by their •vote..this night, to put an end for ever to all such prohibition, and dieplay to this, branch as he had been called, that if any good 'could be expected to arise from the appointment of a Conittee, it' it could even be considered Ata, a neutral, measure, the enquiry ought to be granted. It wiikldgitie im great , Jiitin to refuse the enquiry; but he was convinced. that enquiry tiow could tend only to ims chief4-tbat so fur from being beneficial, it would not even be consolatory, and entertaining this conviction,' for him to conserg to a Committee would be e -nothing but a. delusion. ' questidn, beat tit into detail as as IleeY w ld ntnbasnt„cny 'this—would pr et the t terest of 667 mansttl clam bet tes• eliA.the "'duty ud been determined to impose upen the importation of the foreign ar ticle? H is conviction was, that prohibition would inevitably fail to afford protection. liy prohibition they would re-intro duce into their commercial system, the vice which had been with so much difficulty expelled. It could not be disguised that, under this motion, it: was intended, not by the. Hon. Meyer himself, but by others, to make a covert attack upon the whole system of liberal 1)40 which lied been adopted with respect to the commerce Of the country ; it system which had been adopted after die most mature deliberation, and with unequalled unanimity.. The lion. Gentleman who seconded the motion, Who spout the legal arguments with which he usually edified the House was no doubt a omin:tent authority, had ventured upon this occasion into it new field of exertion, and be manifested at .least at the eagerness of a novice. He had not disdained to re peat the malignant insinuation's of ribakl publications, which imputed. to his Right lion. Friend feelings as foreign to his sound and manly intellect as they were alien to his kind and benevolent heart. H is Right lion. Friend was exposed to these attacks for having displayed in the service of his country a de gree of talent and industry which might have been equalled, but had never been surpassed.—(Hear ' hear !).—lt was a fur ther eulogium to his Right Honourable Friend, that the attacks made upon him had been only of that description to which intelligence is always subject from imbecility.—( Hear, hear!)— /fere the Right lion. Gentleman, said something about the ani mosity of the Devil, and made some allusion to the proverbial Connection between the Devil and Lincoln, but the loud burst of laughter by which the allusion was received from, all parts of the House, prevented us from catching its precise import.j Was it, continued the Right Hon. Gentleman, to be endured, that the application of a refined philosophy to the ordinary afliiirs of human life should be considered to imply obduracy of feeling. 'this would be to establish the principle upon which Turgot had been assailed, the principle upon which Gallileo had been imprisoned, a principle congenial only to those who were. incapable of reaching the heights from which' alone an accurate survey could be taken of human life, who conld not compiehend greatness from the sense of their own inferiority. There was, he knew, a faction in this country— (Cries of " No, no !)—a faction, he admitted, small in number and contemptible in strength, which: considered every advance of improvement as it retrogradation from jacobinism. IVith this faction the British Parliament would never sympathise.---; The conduct of a British Minister, whether entrusted with the internal or external aflairs of the country, was best regulated when it avoided all extremes. Abroad, not allbrding encou ragement to the excesses of the democratic spirit on the one hand, nor entering into any alliances ter the suppression' of freedom on the other. So in regard to the internal affairs of the State—neither embarking in any rash anti hazardous experiments, nor yet rejecting the: light of improved know ledge. It was the duty of a, British Minister to presi into the service of his country every improvement in the . science of Government. This was a principle whose excess was dan ger, but whose essence was to promote the welfare laid .pros perity of the State. It was in this spirit that they . intended to act, and: he expected .it to lead to the -increasing pros perity of the country. But it was said that they had abandoned Mr. Pitt and had taken a leatout the book of their antago nists. Was it possible that any one could so grossly igno. rant of British history as not to know that the ‘l'higs had al ways been the opponents of liberal commercial principles ; that the Tory had alwayelieen the liberal, and the - Whig the exclu sive. The only former attempts which had been made to ne gociate commercial' treaties with: France, had been made by Tories. There had Only been two. Of the first, that at the Peace of Utrecht, lie would not speak, as the attempt had been. ; but he would ask, who hail been the framer of the Commercial Treaty of 1782?--Pitt. Who hail opposed that Treaty ?—Fox. The strongly marked distinction be tween Whig and Tory had,. in modern times, been nearly obliterated, .and many of : the fernier hid become the advo cates of liberal principles of trade, but in that character he could recognize them only as individuals and not a party.-- From the recent discussions he could nut but perceive that there existed a hidden tendency in. the minds of many per .1101 • _ well as other brattebes tlr tratie,:tliat steady perseverance in liberal principles which must ultniuttely tend to establish our trade Rail commerce on the most advantageous unti stapleftmn dation. souk tii` renew the Bank Restriction act • and there' again it might be said, that they had seceded , from the ex. ample , of Pitt. That exaniple, he contended, was mis quoted and misunderstood ; and it proved the disposition to .h . L - vlr If the- found the Act did impose a penalty on ditwlifch — w - -- cent, he should b . e ready to adopt any words by way of A i went. • Mr. DENMAN was convinced the. House did not Ice the bell° nft t• 1 Mr. DICKENSON regretted ,to see that, .vear after year, quote the exception rather than the rule. A there was any confusion iu which die Lae stood with respecttothe B: sonic new theory of free trade was started with a plausibility part of the splendid career of Mr. Pitt in ,which his policy the Commit tee . . : thef which won it all extensive and dengerotte .rapport within those might be questioned, that was undoubtedly the part ; yet it was Mr. HUME then m ov ed to report pro gress . When eeteg walls. For his part, he was decidedly of opinion the question to" this part of the conduct of that 'great man, that some -per- saw so mu c h d ou b t among l ega l G ent l emen as to t h e oul t eo of silk dying was merely one of colour, and that we would nut, verse worshippers detlietttedaheir exclusive homage. Like some of the clauses, he thought the Right Hon. c e n t lennin oak; /. in this country, dye the same colours as they could at Lyons, barbareets nations, which dissegartied the sun, iu its splendour, cl e ' a r a way the difficulties before they proce e ded on the Ito or on the Banks of the Swine and Rhone. lie should vote brought , for , and bught out (heir enibleins of adoration only Wh en . it . was After a few observations fron t th e A 7touter,v-Gr° llAu these reasons, in favour of these pctitieners, and would express under an eclipse, these worshippers of Mr. Pitt recognised his Mr. 1 - W3m withdrew his motion. ih o"' „ a hope thut this concession wouniProve in earnest on the part genius only in its occasional obecurations. Ile and iiis col. Mr. lIUSKISSON said tine Bill with respect to , e i n r io , leagues w ere now admonished to tread in the foot-marks of Mr. ought to pass into a law, then there would be no ditiicu.„ite e Act Pitt; but it Was in antic rare steps, where, either from arced- of the Legishtture, to resume its tiound principles of. PlicY (tithe . way, halted for it moment trodden . might consolidate the whole. , e el ug , mid, if he had vising those those laws which interfered with it- v n other more import= respede. I s l i t i l p ) . p Pi' o t se il ti les'i lie liad now s id t o li ev e a r ! i t n . g ‘i iv r .i1 1 ;1 1 t o llE th ' u:s s t l t i r g e h tl ie ti t ie pr l e l j o u t d is ic e e l o te r i h ,r a e tl d ! i jo o tz , down 11118 il d w ei r lt y :) ..... r t i ll , : The Clause was finally agreed to. Act, it done *a, the object vit. , r u ly neeonipitelted, to On Clause (C), giving penalties under the Ste e nl i e to the for which he ruse I • 1 • . ' ' °reicher one or other of the dintentliog parties. His °pinion, , system of his Right lion. Friend with his whole soul, and was penalty. however, was ~iready nuttle op, Th e H ouse wou ld recollect i n en if est t o t h e 'loose and The country that he approved of the "was suggretedehat cheques on Bankers might be li"' i toll ank ell that this was cot the first application , of 'the kind made to it ," under the Influence or , equallY erroneous . huressione. The determined to , support it with his whole strength. With the Mr..HUSKISSON said the clause did not apply Friendllintself, fully master of them, had done all that could be Mr CA LCRA FT thought the Bill to most remarkable wax that. made by sir Thomas Egerton (then details of the mubject lie . would not meddle;' . his : Right Hon. cheques. Member for Lancashire), and Lord North, to prevent the iiii. The Right Hon. Acts ought to_pass before the measure th consolidate bank pnitatiOn of cotton intti 'lreland; which these' Stat esmen. pro- dote to,reoder the Housemaster of thou also. fl o u nc e d very uouariledle e would, if granted, be the ruin of tretitleinan then sat dOwn anlidst loud and repeated ch eers . In Clause (D),calling . on the hank to deliver quert nY Manchester and its trade for ever—a prediction Moe lik e ly . to L or d JOHN BuSsELI, observed, that the discuseion had counts of their'el. notes in circulation. ea Inept be ver i f i e d, lie felt strong douhte in his mind as to their being been directed rather to views of general commercial policy than' Mr. W. J. MABERLY wi s h e d to introduce MI tun e "• mil d six ally chemic power in theauere (.•tanflutinee'of the waters of th e t o th e c i rcumsta nces of the special case, anti that indicattd the It appeared that in seven days the Bank had iseuf Ad know' Swine and Ronne which could give a finer or deeper dye to silk genera l f ee li ng that th e .success of the motion would tend to lions of notes, and it was necessary the public S ll°. s li n g!, titan those Of the Thames. Nor would he now lend hi s assist- s h a k e t h e w h o l e system of liberal policy of which the new re- the amount of their issues. The lion. Member acc ° _ r e s ,...- „„ ce to the attempt made to arrest the intentions of Govern- gulation of the silk trade formed only a part. For the distress moved to insert after the 13th line, in Voge 4, the wusiiii in ment us to aids moste important object, particularly as his Ma- now endured by the manufacturer's it was impos s ibi e • not to .' And also an account of all notes of the Bank of Ealf?, The j est y's Ministers seemed to be for a period embarrassed and in. feel, and lie must express his conviction that no one,. even circulation on the last d a y of ea ch preectitOg ll firo ' ilige ti :: WAWA in difficulties which, its far as he had been able to exa. amongst those who spoke the loudest, felt more strongly then Hon. Member observed that his amendment woeee tr n otes '- none the subject, no foresight could:perhaps have enabled them the al inistere.theniselves. He must vote against the motion. Bank to return to Government a n account of' all tu e effectually to anticipate or provide against. Wishing well to • lie belicaed so great re change as that which had ode= ... place circulation. w s a'a it we. the system which Parliament had adopted at the suggestion in the commerce of this country had never before been eneeted The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER - e e t it, raa" both ()fhb; Majestyat Ministers; and many at his own side of with so little public opposition, or so little individuel sufferin. right the Bank should publi s h an ac count of all !n e- ,,,, n ese on the Mouse he should feel it his duty to support these liberal (On his Lordship resuming his eon the question was loudly in circulation, but he thought the re was no gr ouno to trop °s . • ,• dee. the Bank a publication of the amount of all their 's a e i been e Committee. e ac. principles of commerce by his vote, nowithstanding he con. . called for.)" - timed he felt deoply the distress in which the altered eircutue alr. general sys• ready to give an account of their issues, but it ye" ELLICE would say a very few worth in reply. He had Bank in the present state of public embarrassment ?A ~,, ..00,. stances of . our iiresent course of trade had involved many who not proposed the motion with a view to change the now flocked about their done and implored the interference of tens of commercial policy, nor had it entered into his contemPla. much to recite* from the Bank a regular explanane e ne„oing On, the House with a patience which reflected On themselves the don, •or lie believed into the contemplation of the Petitioners, Lord ALTHORPE thought that t he principle °f i t ,) IP highest credit, and entitled their application to the most humane that they could be charged With wishing the prohibition to the Bank, to publish a monthly report of ahe issue 0 consideration. . ' , he eternal. ' lie. was quite certain that at the public meet. notes, s h o uld e xt en d to high er notes . he coo° Mr. PETER MOORE collo:titled in favour of the motion. ings which he had attended, no such thought was expressed M r . HUSKISSON was sure, when the B a nk sawf d o its Time various classes interested in the silk trade, although they by a ny b o d y . I t was upon very different ground s th at lie of exchange vary as it did every week,. that it w ould ec or" had fi-equently and widely differed upon many occasions, were had.brought forward the motion ; and he wished now to state duty in regulating their issues according to tire rate ot c . . of at unanimous upon the present. . They, all. without exception, the grounds on which he thought the petitioners had a fair (which wits, lie thought, theonly criterion of an excesZ thought that the adMidaiOn of French silks would be destruc. claim to the consideration of' the House. They wished to gain eulationli without forcing them to publish suds a Mie r ' dye to the proverhy, and (Wen tO bestst, of' the British time, as the evidence given before the Cothmittee had been Lord A LTItt)ItPE explained. nen k Of manufacture. Ile knew upon the authority that if the ie. sufficient. They had sent competent persons into• France for Mr. CALURAPT did not wish to press on the e'", if the' tenth-si measure took t: fleet, the great majority of .the manufac- the purpose of observing the . present state of' the French menu- measure which would incommode them • but be thouith _ sou Curers would withdraw their capitals from the beeinesi ; and. factory, and much new and' important evidence had been col- Bank acceded to publishing a monthly report of tn' net ess.: he wanted to know what was then to becoine of the 500,000 lected. The lion. Gentleman had no hope of the success of his of 11. notes, that the extensurn of publishing a report °f i l e people they employed ? He contended that it was the first motion, yet he would think it his duty, to t a k e t h e sense of the of higher value, would not incommode them any rime', a bbe: tittty of the Government to find emploYment for the people. House upon it. lie had received the st r on ges t as surances front thought it better for the Bank to make known to au e o l t ate of The admission of foreign silks, he was Persuaded, would reduce t he manufacturers, that if the House w ere t o a ppoint a Corn- ( withf , whoni they had so extensive a connexion) to , the city lie represtaed to a collection of poor homier:, Mittee t they would itnmetliately set their men at work; con. their affairs, and , not involve them in any mysterY• , e er inciPl e- Dlr. EGERTON wa s anxious to go into the co mm i ttee, as t idi ng in t h e j ust i ce an d wisdom of Parliament. The Ri g h t Mr. PEARSE opposed the amendment upon t"it e wets' many petitions h a d. been p rese nted from the county lie rept°. Honourable Gentlemen had employed an argument which he of there being no mystery on the part of' the Bank. vented ; but if t h e p et i t i oner s did not melte out their case in the felt disposed to carry a little'further than he had carried it.— actions, he said, were perfectly known to the üblic. „ tig ht- Committee, they should not have his support. • - His argument was that the d ut i es w hi c h w ould be received on Mr. J. SMITH oppos e d th e ame ndment, because be t , " • • Mr. PALMER, in trinaidot speech, stated that lie had, after the importation of foreign silk would be sufficient I° ma i n t a in it w ould be very prejudicial to the country.. ci'ons the HP great hesitation, d eterm i ne d to oppose die motion. He had all the silk weavers that would be thrown out of' employ, The Mr. HUME was surprised at what had fallen %lea . (an d no" formed this determigation with reluctance, as some of his con. extension he would give to this argument was to apply' it Member. lie thought if secresy had done filia l u t was epic° . stitueuts were connected with the silk m a n u f acture ; b ut so a l s o to the corn trade, Rival ma,nufactories were springing ua body could deny that it had not), this amendneenni.sn . ~. strong an impression liad been Made on his mind by the speech in various parts of the world, and if that worst of ell restrictions laced to do good. Why should the Bank of lei. __ (l , P : o re of the Right Honourable Gentleman last night, that he now felt the restriction upon the importation of corn was continued, the cepted front the system upon which all the forPign nan!' st ao it is duty to vote as he hut) stated. He hadl 3 een by that speech consegnencea to the manufactures and commerce of the country conducted. The banks of France, Into ' ' awakened to the danger, that by goinga Conimutee they would be fatal.. Tlie flan. Gentleman concluded by expressing lished an account of their issues. w ee tendment might, instead of doing; good, do very material harm. He was hie hope that Ministers would line no time, in the event of his Mr. MABERLY wished.to know why his An suer .. averse to the excitement of. fallacious bores, and apprehended motion being lost, before they brought down all the details con. objected to, if t h e B an k di ec i a nned all atfemPt s ` at I ",, n d chef that the desi re d i nqu i ry . wou ld rather hold out t ot inducement netted with the subject ;so that the .manufaeturers might know The fact was that it would expose their proceedings , iviir 1 ,, to employers to di tt o /t ea l than to increase-the number of their accurately what they had to expect. It was important to them were very averse totheir b ' le public.--( 1103 ," a citli tang mat blic, an e hands. , to know what reduction was intended to be made in the duties The Bank was making a deal of money by the pu theft . . Mr. Secretary CANNING r ose—Afteer the appeal made cx. upon dyeing materiels ; what reduction, if any, of the duty on' should they offer any resistance---why objeq to u the w 1 1 0 7 s tion preisly to liiin by the Honourable Member fur Coventry, he soap, a most important article in the manufacture ; and also ings being known?—(Hear; hear! )—lfe thought d e 3 ii e s ieti• thought it his duty. wore the close of the debate, to state what was intended to be done with respect to thrown bilk. On of s t i c hith . . that I should rocs the H portancehe 1 . 0113 e tO ' .., NO' America, anti others, r fairly, but he would state as shortly ae lie could, the views these points the speediest information was to be desired. 1 ; but thate ht he caLtrtait:ed Uptal the subject., After the mullet' in which 'The House then divided.-. setl,li would be better if it were done quick Y li e t he il, ie the subject in all its the had. been trotted 14 his Right For the Motion . - - - e 40 for one should not vote for tha Amendment, be ~ cause - f oln - i the Honourable Priend, in a speech which were have afforded Against it - - - - - 222 eniotee , the - principle was bad. They mighe tta well 1 by Alderman THOMPSON thought that if the Bill sce ri be the highest s a ti s f act i on to ,those who were already convinced, Majority against the Motion --.182 mid him, carried conviction to the minds of those who still SalA LI, NOTES BILL. Mr. HOBHOUSE thought that the provision Pr . , ve nt ,I_ ° , , Will Caleulate4 I" melon 14 3 a the e : canon of the discounts they inade da —Mese ./ eeeos ed t . i _ doubted_ a f ter that .... we e, h e w o u ld nee, as it regarded him- Mr. CALCRAFT, having given notice of his intention to the Hon. Member (Mr. alaberly) self, display t h e b a z t .,,, nor , a s regarded the llouse, be move in Committee upon the Sinall Notes Bill that Country failure of many country banks. Ile was also of f.PP:ortanc`e guilty of the obtrusion of attemptingto discuss all the d eta ils thinkers should be allowea it concurrentprivilege „ . tune, ' . of due vast su bj ect . B et ,. at the same lie felt that he Bank of England to take their notes to be stamped until 'the He thought die House shoold adjourn, unless „ta r t, f o r one with the the Bill should pass soon, as it was a Matter of Inuah o n cie edein o , Wettild not - do hi s dui to the country; to himself or to his, llith of October, rose to state his motive in submitting that pro- intended to remain all night; he was very w il- "' Right H on . c o ll eague, dooming lea him, a sustain the position to the Hopse. The object was to prevail upon Perlis- do so. till% roglet of ti le d e b t ", if b e did not elaiin his full share of the re-- ment 4 6 "abe* some confidence in country bankers. Although Mr. R. GORDON supported the amendment- , oess . sponsibility. After the attiti:ks which had been made upen the: lie had voted in favour of the measure to give the Bank of Mr. MONCK hoped:the House would not onlf r proclaim' 'Miami adhe. England due' tower of' stamping notes until the 10th of Octo.the $3l" moet selutary principles, lie felt bound to zerice . ~ tOfbenit and his readiness to take his full slieloof responeJ her, still , he knew those notes would be received with re- effect, as far rdedcountry bankers. ed:l et/111' as re t ga . , SibilitY ft 4 tile onset- I - tient:oS tiley Ipigit_piOdilec. In respeceso luctance in , different parts of the country. Unless the ai r . Hie= w ished to enforce his mown ce e i n ess 7,, t ile amendment but would also introduce another the motion heroic the House, he agreed with the lion. Goo.? tountrY bankers were allowed also to circulate their intent, as h e saw that there was still so Mitch weeThbottir ele who lied sp o k en t hi s n i g h t f or the first time, and in a manner small notes, there would be a great interruption in the eireula- and it was then too late an hour to think of ii. 1h: ace' which promised that he would do honour to the station to which don of bank paper currency. His hope was that the Right _ H ouse w a s not aware that he had five ;Wises t ° ' n to