The Sun. — London, England, 1838-08-21 00:00:00

THE " SOULT AND WELLINGTON SUN." Our enterprising Contemporary The Sun has accom plished a most novel and beautiful design, in furnishing to the public two most admirable medallion likenesses of the most distinguished warriors extant—the Duke of Welling ton and Mareschal Soult. The beauty and accuracy of the engravings are really surprising, and the rapid issue of the copies which contain these splendid specimens of art are the best tests of their value. The likeness of the Duke of Wellington is striking in the extreme ; of the Mareschal's We are not so well qualified to speak—but it is represented as not inferior to the other, which is its highest praise.— Freeman's Journal. We have been favoured, by the kindness of the proprie tor of The Sun, with a copy of the " Double Sun," con taining medallion portraits of the Duke of Wellington and Marshal Soult ; and, also, with a copy of the same Jour nal, printed in gold, and embellished with a likeness of the Queen. To do simple justice to the Proprietor of The Sun, for the style in which those portraits have been got up, would be difficult. In addition to them The " Double Sun" contains characteristic memoirs and original anecdotes of both heroes. Of the likenesses we can only speak partially—our virgin Queen we have never yet seen—but, from what we can glean from those who have seen her Majesty, her portrait is most correct. The Duke of Wellington we have seen, some years ago, and the likeness of his Grace, in the " Double Sun," brings most accurately to our mind's eye the Hero of Waterloo, with all his laurels. The likeness of Marshal Soult is inimitable. During his visit to Liverpool we had the good fortune to be domiciled under the same roof with his Excellency, at the Adelphi Hotel. We had every opportunity of judging his outer man, and speak from the evidence of our own op tics in such a position. The price of The Sun printed all over in gold, with the likeness of her Majesty, is half-a crown. The price of the " Double Sun" we know not ; but both are to be had of all English newsvenders.—Newry .Examiner. The "Double Sun" containing beautiful Medallion Portraits of her Majesty, Marshal Soult, and the Duke of Welling ton, with characteristic Memoirs, original Anecdotes, &c. has been received at this Office. The likenesses are re markably faithful, and the execution is considered admir -41)1e. Fac-similes of the hand-writing are annexed to each Portrait. The ornamental appendages are splendid, the literary illustrations most appropriate.—Limerick Chronicle. The Proprietor of The Sun, distinguished himself amidst th e other London newspapers, a few years since, by the exertions that he made to bring the reports of Parliamentary and other proceedings down to an hour that previously seemed incredible. His exertions in this respect have been continue ever since with unabated attention, but within the last few weeks this spirited Journal has signalized itself anew. At the Coronation, it came out printed in gold, with a splendid medallion of the Queen, and last week, it issued a double sheet, containing medallions of the Dukes of Wellington and Dam stia, accompanied by fac-similes of their auto graphs and elaborate details of their great achievements. The execution of these works of art is most splendid, and cannot fail to place the reputation of the spirited Journal to 'Which the public is indebted for them, on a very high pin nacle.—Waterford Mirror. We have received an extraordinary edition of The Sun, of the 6th inst., containing two beautifully executed por traits—the Duke of Wellington and Marshal Soult. The engraving does the highest credit to the artist ; and in France, where it cannot fail to have an extensive circula lien, will represent favourably the progress of the arts in this country. In addition to memoirs of the heroes, this number of 'the Sun contains a spirited Ode to Genius from th e pen of the talented editor, Murdo Young, Esq.—Cork Reporter. We have thankfully to acknowledge the kindness of the Proprietor of the London Sun. We have this evening re ceived one of those beautiful specimens of the art of print ing in gold letters, with a medallion likeness of our lovely youn g Queen ; and a double sheet with the medallions of the Duke of Wellington and Marshal Soult. They are certainly splendid specimens of the art of typography.— Kerry Evening Post. We have to acknowledge, with thankfulness, as a present from Mr. Young, the spirited and highly distinguished Pro preetor of The Sun newspaper, the "Golden Sun" of the 28th July—" Gold all over"—containing a beautiful medallion Portrait of her Majesty, and a double number of The Sun of the sth instant, containing splendid medallion portraits of Marshal Soult and the Duke of Wellington, which we shall preserve as splendid specimens of art, and as tokens of friendship from a brother of the Press whose talents, whose character for probity and patriotism, and whose en terprise have deservedly placed him at the head of the Newspaper Press of England. To Mr. Young, personally, we era not known, but we are not the less mindful, in corn tuon with the rest of our proscribed and suffering country men, of his untiring and powerful advocacy of the rights, exposures of the wrongs of Ireland. To him Ire land "wee a deep d e bt of gratitude, which she can never adequately repay. But he has his reward in the consci ousness of ha v i ng use d hi s b e st endeavours to obtain jus tice for a' prostrate and long-suffering people.—Kilkenny Journal. We have been kindly favoured by the Proprietor of The Sun with a copy of the publication of the sth instant, containing two beautifully executed portraits of the Duke of Wellington and Marshal Soult, with interesting bio graphical Memoirs of these celebrated Generals. We have also received a copy of " The Coronation Sun," the tweidy-fourth edition, printed in gold, and containing an admirable Portrait of her Majesty the Queen, with an his torical record of the Coronation ceremonies, Well worthy of preservation. The admirable execution of the whole reflects great credit on Mr. Young, the Proprietor of The Sun, and to that gentleman we beg to express our thanks for his kind attention.—Enniskillen Chronicle. We have to express our acknowledgments to the Pro prietor of The Sun for a copy of that Paper forwarded to us on Wednesday, containing two beautifully executed 'Medallion Likenesses of the Duke of Wellington and Marshal Soult, with a Memoir of each ; and also a copy of the Twenty-fourth Edition of The Sun, in which is given a full account of the Coronation, with an admirable Profile of her Majesty, printed in Gold.—Kilkenny Moderator. RAILROADS AND CANALS. ductions of labour, has been a paramount object of concern to almost every State of ancient or modern times. We accordingly find that the government in each has applied the national re sources—for the purpose of constructing roads, making rivers navigable, cutting canals, and bringing art to turn to profit, and reduce to submission the channels which nature has sup plied in a greater or less degree to all countries for the obvious purpose of intercommunication. " It is a singular circumstance, that notwithstanding the great natural means v:hich England possessed for the forma tion of canals. from her numerous rivers and insular position, she was the last country in Europe to avail herself of her in. ternal advantages. Her commereial operations extended to every part of the world ; but while she wielded le trident de ' Neptune—ee sceptre du monde,' and filled he numerous ports with the productions of every country, her majestic rivers flowed idly to the ocean. In the rei g n of Elizabeth John Dee laid down a plan for intersecting England with canals, and uniting the German Ocean with the Irish Sea, by forming a navigable passage from Newcastle to Carlisle, and it is worthy of remark that the project for uniting the two seas was commenced two hundred and twenty years afterwards by the undertakers of the Ashton-under-Lyne Canal, one of the lines by which that great object has been attained. His plan, however, has been since more directly carried into effect by the rail road between Newcastle and Carlisle. This singular man also recommended a canal from Southampton to London, to " preserve ships from the dangers and delay of a coast passage," and his purpose in that respect will shortly be effected also by the completion of the Southampton Rail road. In the time of Cromwell a canal was opened be tween London and Guildford, a part of the line recom mended by John Dee, but no material change took place till the year 1737, when the Act enabling the Duke of Bridgewater to make a canal from Worsley to Man chester was passed. Since then a vast number of ca nals have been formed, intersecting the country in al most every direction. A return was laid before Par liament in 1825, from which it appears that at that period there were eighty corporate Canal Companies, that they had expended 13,205,1181., that twenty-three had pro duced no dividend, and that the remainder paid an average interest of about seven and a half per cent. to the share holders. We may here mention a singular fact, which per sons of great sagacity and experience ten years ago consi dered impossible. It has now been proved by experience that a railway and a, canal may be concurrent to the advantage of both. The amount of the receipts on the Man chester and Liverpool Canal has been greatly increased since the opening of the railway, though the freight has been reduced from 15s. to 10s. per ton. It has been calcu lated that the ordinary expense of maintaining canals is from 1501. to 2001. per mile, while that for railroads is quadruple the amount. The expense of maintaining the Manchester and Liverpool Railway is estimated at 6501. per mile. The canals consequently have greatly the ad vantage as regards profits. M. Charles Dupin has calcu lated that a canal cut from Havre to Strasburg would re pay the cost of its construction in one year, taking into account the receipts for freight and the increase of the na tional revenue ; but that calculation has been more than realized in this country. The Bridgewater Canal, inde pendent of the increase of the national revenue, produces an annual income greater than the entire original cost. It is a lamentable fact that one half of the loans granted to Continental States by England, but never to be repaid, would have been sufficient. to intersect the whole kingdom with canals and railroads. Railroads form the next subject for discussion, and in treating it the miter goes back to the history of roads in general, but particularly of the great Roman roads, and points out the defective system by which all our public highways arc still maintained. It appears that that won derful people, about whom we know so little, " the Car thaginians, first paved their ways," according to St. Isidoras. " Afterwards the Romans did the same throughout all the world, to make the roads straight, and keep the multitude out of idleness." The Ro mans, however, made canals and roads, chiefly for mili tary purposes. These roads were raised in the centre, and paved with large stones. The rapidity of travelling on them, by means of posts, established at stages of five miles each, where forty horses were constantly kept in readiness for the use of the State, was as great as horse power could make it on such roads ; but even that was not great, com pared with the speed of modern travelling. It is recorded as a matter of wonder, that a Roman magistrate posted by express from Antioch to Constantinople in five days and a half, the distance being about 660 miles. Our mail-coaches now run the same distance in half the time. We have had an express from Glasgow, a distance of 400 miles, in little more than twenty-four hours ; and by railroads we could travel in twenty hours the distance which occupied the Roman functionary five days and a half ! Railroads, how ever, are but in their infancy, and we cannot speak with certainty of their manhood ; but in all probability they will effect as great a change as has been effected within the last hundred years by canals and highways. That they will open up new sources of profit to individuals, increase the revenue, promote civilization, and create demand for labour, cannot be doubted ; and under all these circumstances they merit the support and watchful care of Government. On Ireland canals and railroads would confer innumerable blessings. They would, in the words of Colonel Bur goyne, " add to the empire profitable and excellent land to the amount of hundreds and thousands of acres, as much as if they had arisen out of the bottom of the sea, but no party is sufficiently interested to come forward. The inte rests are so blended and so limited, that no person sees the particular advantage he would gain, and it is only by Go vernment this can possibly be done." The same authority adds in reply to a question—" I would apply the Govern ment money in opening very extensive uncultivated tracts ; I would provide one main thoroughfare of communication at the expense of Government; and for opening less ex tensive districts, I would give the moiety grants, as at present." Louis Phillippe has been reckoned a long-headed man, and he has been for years directing the whole energies of his Government to open such lines of communication in France, knowing well that every mile of new communi cation, whether by canal or railroad, will increase trade and commerce, and thereby increase the public revenue. Ire land is just the country for the experiment. A super abundant population, a rich soil, and a ready market in England for her produce, hold out certain prospects of success. Were Government to commence such an under taking, and carry it through with clue economy and spirit, it would easily be proved that the increased consumption of taxable commodities alone would in a very short time repay the whole of the expenditure. What noble employ ment for Statesmen, compared with their struggles for place—useless to all but themselves—their squabbles about the petty details of corporations—and the juggles which two of the great parties in the State have so long played to keep up places and pensions for the drones of the Whig and Tory aristocracy ! In the last number of the British and Foreign Review we find an article on " State Labour in Ireland," which would be interesting at any period, but is peculiarly so at the present moment, when all civilized nations practically admit the folly of war by the intense interest they manifest for the arts of peace, and, above all, for the greatest of all these ;arts, easy and speedy communication between towns and kingdoms in every quarter of the globe. About thirty years ago the whole of Europe formed but one arena for battle. The great objects of England and France—the prime combatants—were to excite the people of the two countries to the utmost pitch of national hostility—to raise armies and fit out fleets for slaughter and plunder . --to get all the States that had no quarrels of their own to range themselves on one side or the other and join in the " dread ful revelry;" and after spending countless millions of money and sweeping countless thousands of human beings from the face of the earth, they sat down alike exhausted, and alike convinced and tired of the unprofitable game. An other generation of men has sprung up, who, deriding " the wisdom of their ancestors," have engaged in a different kind of rivalry. France and Prussia—the two most warlike na tions on the continent—have been occupied for years in spreading the blessings of education ; England, who has been too often the last in commencing great improvements, is beginning to stir herself in the same laudable undertak ing, and if we except Spain, from one end of Europe to the other, people talk about nothing but education, railroads, canals, and steam-ships. The article to which we allude, goes at considerable length into the history of lines of com munication by means of roads and canals, and gives many interesting details on these and similar works, undertaken in most other countries by the State, and in England.almost entirely by companies or private individuals, but as the length of the article may deter some from perusing it, and the facts it contains, and the great research displayed by the writer, deserves to be generally known, we will give a short outline of them for the benefit of our numerous read ers. It will surprise some of these to learn that England. some two hundred years ego, was far behind France and other continental States as regards most of those improve ments, of which the people of this country have now so much reason to be proud. France took precedence of England by more than a century in public works. Even London, so celebrated for every improvement befitting a ,7reat city, was, two hundred years ago, only superior from its size, to country towns and villages. Lord Bacon, in a judic . ;al charge thus describes the difference beween towns on the continent, and the capital of England : " For nuisances end grievances I will for the present only single out one, that ye present the decays of high ways and bridges; for where the majesty of a king's house draws re course and access, it is both disgraceful to the king and diseaseful to the people, if the ways near-abouts be not fair and good; wherein it is strange to see the chargeable pave ments and causeways in the avenues and entrances of towns ai:road beyond the seas; whereas London, the second city at th e least of Europe, in glory, in greatness, and in wealth, cannvt be discerned by the fairness of the ways, though a little perhaps by the broadness of them, from a village." —Lord Bacon's Works, vol. iv. p. 393. The lead which other States took of England, and her tardiness in taking Ilvantage of her natural advantage, described b y th e au h or i n t h e f o ll ow i ng words : - arc "It would be tedious to refer to Holland —where an opulent Slate has been raised cut of a marsh, by intersectin g it with can,.l3; to Germany —the Netherlands—or the other Stales of Euro t , e, to prove, that to facilitate the intercourse between tine dis t :ict end another, to lessen the expense of carriage, and thus develqp; internal wealth and distribute the l ro- THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 21, 1838. ham was in the cabin when the steamer arrived, and a per fect silence reigned, but the instant his Lordship ap peared, the air rang with loud huzzas from a thousand throats—giving proof that he was " Unquestioned—wel come, and undoubted—blest." A deputation then waited upon his Lordship with the following address from the inhabitants of the seigniories of Nouvelle Longeuil and Soulenges:— " We, her Majesty's faithful and loyal subjects, hail with infinite pleasure your Lordship's return to this province as her Majesty's representative in this country ; apart, however, from all other considerations, we are bound in gratitude to offer our most heartfelt thanks to your Lordship for the heroic and mer ciful conduct so recently and so nobly shown to our unfortu nate countrymen. " Convinced, my Lord, as we are, that her Majesty's strongest fortifications are the hearts of her people, and the most endearing attachment that of gratitude, we are con fident (as we trust the re3ult will prove) that your policy has not been more humane than wise, and that in the mag nanimous oblivion of the past will be found the best security for the future. " As faithful and loyal subjects of her Majesty, and anxious for the success of your Lordship's administration, we should fail in our duty were we to withhold our appre hension that our connexion with the mother country, so much desired by us, can only be endangered by the continuance of those feudal burdens we have so long and patiently borne, as well as our conviction, that in the late rebellion, many were actuated by a desire to emancipate their suffering countrymen from exactions and oppres sions unknown in any other part of the free and glorious em pire of Great Britain. That we have so long and patiently borne these exactions may excite your surprise, but as a states man your Lordship cannot fail to perceive the impossibility of becoming an educated and enterprising people, so long as such exactions and restraints exist. We believe that feudal thral dom is incompatible with British institutions, economical en terprise, or agricultural improvement, and that capital, in dustry, and energy of character must ever be aliens where that tenure prevails. " We beseech your Lordship as a statesman, as well as a benefactor, to examitie.our condition; our confidence is in your integrity and justice. We will suggest no amelioration, and if your Lordship should deem our feudal burdens not be yond human enduraim or human degradation, we are content —suffering shall continuo the badge of all our race." To which his Lordship was pleased to .reply : " I receive your congratulations with true pleasure. I feel happy to return to those who, like you, can justly appreciate my motives and actions. • .‘ I have exercised in the•Qtigen's name one of her Majesty's most glorious prerogatives, that of mercy, because I believe the great majority of your wing countrymen to have been de luded into a course of conduct repugnant to their real feel ings and principles. The folly and criminality of these insti. gations having been exposed and punished, I trust I shall be spared the pain cf ever again recurring to such deplorable events. _ _ " It will be the paramount duty of your countrymen to prove by their future conduct, that I have judged them right. I have rendered myself responsible to my Sovereign for their loyalty, and do not for a moment doubt that they will fully redeem the pledge I have given. " The grievances to which you allude have already at tracted my attention, and I have taken steps to insure their practical reformation, as alike required by sound policy and strict justice." W e have private information that notwithstanding the short stay of Lord Durham in the upper province, it is not impro bable that great changes will be made there in due season. It appears that by his instructions Lord Durham is not autho rised to act in Upper Canada without first communicating with the Home Government. A messenger with dispatches fii?rn his Lordship arrived here last evening. The dispatches will be forwarded by the Royal William.—Commercial Advertiser. SOUTH AMERICA. (From the New York Journal of Commerce.) LATE AND IMPORTANT FROM BUENOS AYRES. The ship Nile, Captain Hepburn, arrived last evening from Buenos Ayres, bringing papers to the 2d of June inclusive ; nine days later than our previous advices. A Special Session of the House of Representatives had been called, and a message communicated, which, in con nection with verbal information from the Captain, countenances the belief that war tree immediately to be declared by that republic against France. Roses, the present governor, or dictator, of Buenos Ayres, is an obstinate, hard, old character, of the Hickory order, with a little touch of the snapping turtle. Admiral Brown has, by a Government decree, been called again into active service. What he can achieve, without either ships or seamen, it is impossible to imagine. BUENOS AYRES, JUNE 2.—The following important mes. sage was sent by the Government to the House of Represen tatives of the province " Buenos Ayres, May 25,1833. " 29th year of the Liberty, 23d of the Indepen dence, and 9th of the Argentine Conferation." The Executive. " To the Honourable Legislature of the Province. " Honourablo Representatives—The government of the province charged with the foreign affairs of the Argentine Confederation acquits itself of the duty of rendering you an account and submitting to your enlightened examination and deliberation the official and private correspondence carried oil with Messieurs the Consul and French Rear-Admiral. " None more than the government, placed as it is under the obligation of watching over the welfare of the people ever whom it presides, deplores the misfortunes which may press upon them ; but none with more reason than their worthy representatives can appreciate the magnitude and gravity of the sacrifice which, with the knife at the throat, is exacted from them without any semblance of justice. " After the official publications have made manifest the real state of the facts, and that not only are groundless the causes of complaint alleged against the Argentine republic by a nation whose sons have been and are considered in this hospitable land with unparalleled generosity, but that likewise are gratuitous and unmerited the charges made against the Argentine Go vernment of having on different occasions atacked the rights of France, the security of Frenchmen established in our territory, and that of their property, it is not to be expected that the great reason and propriety with which the Government has persisted in rejecting t he un just p r etensions of Messieurs the C o nsul and Rear- Admiral will be denied; but, on the contrary, its conduct will be appreciated in descend ing from the position of the offended party, and confiding in the spirit of justice which characterises the Government of his Majesty the King of the French, entering into confi• dential explanations with his Excellency the Rear-Admiral notwithstanding that it beheld him ploughing over waters, with the singular pretension of silencing the laws of an indepen dent country as it respects Frenchmen, and to impose at the head of a squadron terms which can only be the subject of a F pntaneous treaty between the Government of his Majesty the Ki n g of the French, and that charged with the Foreign affairs of the Argentine Confederation, by means of agents duly au thorised, each party remaining at liberty to accept it or not, ac cording as it may suit their interests. " Th e Government would betray the honourable confidence reposed in it by the representatives, and the special charge of the Governments of the Provinces of the Confederation to direct the Foreign affairs of the Republic, if it should silence the laws whose faithful fulfilment is confided to it, only because a military chieftain, however distinguished his rank, requires it. It is forbidden likewise by the dignity of the country, which at all cost must be sustained ; by the public interest, which cannot be disregarded; by its foreign credit, which cannot be neg_ elected; by the respect and consideration due to friendly Sovereigns and States ; and by the u rgent necess i ty of avoiding the fatal consequences of admitting the new fangled and extraordinary international right which has been put i n practice for the first time by hi s E xcellency the Rear- Admiral, Commander-in-Chief of the Naval Forces of his Majesty the King of the French on the Brazil and South Sea station. After the Government has exhausted all the alterna tives suggested to it, by its friendly sentiments and desire to maintain inviolate friendly relations with the French nation, reconciling them as far as possible with what the dignity and independence of the republic demand, the persons who compose it not being disposed to sacrifice to such exigencies their individual honour and good name, which they have known how to preserve throughout all the internal vicissitudes of the country, and much less subscribe to the ignominous and humiliating degradation in which it is endeavoured to plunge the republic, whose sovereignty and independence they have solemnly sworn to sustain, the time has arrived when the honour able representatives of the province, taking into con sideration this delicate affair, and appreciating all its circum stances kith the paramount importance it possesses, not only to the Argentine Confedemtion, but to all nations of either hemisphere, and especially to those of the American Conti nent, they should pronounce, with all the freedom and delibe rate circumspection which the case merits, their opinion with regard to the conduct of the Government, subject, like all human things, to error ; and decide whether it shall sustain or not, at the cost of any sacrifice, not excepting that of our lives and property, the sacred oath we have made before God and the people of the universe, to defend at all hazard the dignity, sovereignty, and independence of the country, now unjustly attacked by the pretensions of the Consul and the French Rear- Admiral. " The persons who comprise the Government, honourable representatives, after your decision, will comply with what they owe the country, the Argentines, the world, and their own honour. " God preserve the Honourable House many years. " JUAN M. DE ROSAS, " FELIPE ARANA, MANUEL IRRIARTE." The House being in recess, it was convoked to an extraor dinary sitting by the Standing Committee. It accordivgly assembled on the 29th ult , when it was resolved to take the affair into immediate consideration, and previously to its re ference to a Committee to report thereon, agreeably to the rules of the House, it was determined that a public conference of the Members should take place. This was held on the 30th and 3 1st, after which the House adjourned till the Committee should report. The prevailing opinion of the house seemed to be favourable to the stand taken by Government, and it is tho u2 h t th at no surrender" will be their final resolve. We s 1 " 11 , probably, take an early opportunity of giving an abstract of these momentous debates.. A Decree of 28th May orders that all foreign goods im ported into the province by land or by water during the blockad e , s h a ll pay one-third part less than the duties which correspond to them by the Custom-house tariff. The Government was hard pushed for money, and was con trir:ng every means to raise the wind. Besides the squabble with France, she has on hand a small affair with Bolivia and Peru. BRAZIL.—The defeat of the Government forces in the pro vince of Rio Grande ( Brazil) by' a . body of insurgents, has been already announced. It was effected, it seems, by the passing of the insurgents behind some mountains, when least expected, and surpising the garrison at Pedra, of 1,000 men, who were put to the sword. A visit from the insurgents was expected in the town of Rio Grande, and preparations were waking for its defence. Nothing later from Peru, and nothing important from the Banda Oriental. IMPORTANT FROM BRAZlL.—Letters from Rio Janeiro to the Ist of June, with the sight of which we have been favoured, mention the receipt of advices from Rio Grande to May 22, confirming the total defeat of the Government troops by the insurgents of that province, with a loss of 2,000 men. Only a few cavalry and three Generals escaped. The rebels were marching towards Rio Grande, and there was no hope of the Government being able to withstand them. The province (Rio Grande) was considered as lost to Brazil. It is the southernmost province of Brazil, and borders on the Oriental Republic, of which Monte Video is the capital. TEXAS. (From the New Orleans Courier.) LATEST FROM TEXAS. By the steam-packet Columbia, which left Galveston on the 22d instant, we have received regular files of the Houston Telegraph. The Mexicans, according to the National Banner, driven by stress—not of weather, but blockade—are reported to have taken possession of Corpus Christi, where goods and supplies are land'd and forwarded to the interior. In consequence of this intelligence an exress has been forwarded to the Presi dent at Nacodoches. This (observes the editor) may be con sidered the first step on the part of Mexico towards a renewal of the war with Texas; and, if we do not act upon the hint thus given us, it will be taken for granted that we are power less for our own protection. The Comanches have been committing depredations near San Antonio, Texas. The settlers are leaving their planta tions and removing to the towns. The election for President and Vice-President appear to excite a great deal of acrimony; it is believed, however, that General Lamar and Mr. Burnet will be chosen. Dr. D. Humphreys (who was apprehended in this city, charged with the murder of Joseph Powell) has, we learn, been removed to Bratoria for- trial. The anniversary of American independence was celebrated with a great deal of feeling by the people of Texas. SUICIDE BY THE TEXIAN MINISTER.—We learn from the Lexington (Ky.) Intelliyencer of the 17th instant, that Peter W. Grayson, Esq., of Texas, committed suicide at Bean's Station a few days before, by shooting himself with a pistol through the head. Mr. Grayson was on his way from Texas to Washington city, having received and accepted from the Government of Texas the appointment of Minister Plenipo tentiary to the Government of the United States. The act, it is said, was committed with much deliberation. Mr. Gray son was a native of Kentucky. Mr. Joseph Stevenson, of Madison, Co. Ky., committed suicide on the Ist instant, by shooting himself through the head with a MEXICO. (From the New Orleans Bulletin, July 25. ) FROM MEXICO.—By way of Pensacola we have mere re cent intelligence from Mexico. The Pensacola Gazette mentions the arrival of the United States sloop of war Van dalia, from a cruise of seventy-four days in the Gulf of Mexico and on the coast of Texas, having visited Vera Cruz, Tampico, Matamoras, and Galveston. The ports of Mexico were very closely watched by the French cruisers. The contemplated attack on the castle of San Juan de Ulloa has for the present been abandoned, the Baron Defaudis, the French Minister, having sailed for France. Vessels from the United States and Cuba will not be warned off before subject to capture, a sufficient time having e!apzed fur the blockade to become known. Commodore Bazoche, in the frigate l'Herminie, is at anchor under the island of Sacrificios ; and one brig and two schooners, and the frigate's launches, are cruising close in the shoals, and frequently within musket shot of the Castle. One brig is off Alvarado, which port was opened the 18th of May, by the Mexican Government. The cruisers off Tampico and Matamoras lay at anchor close in with the harbour, and other vessels are cruising along the coast between these ports. All appeared quiet in Texas. The British packet, which sailed from Vera Cruz on the 27th of May, had been detained a week after the regular day of sailing, at the request of the Mexican Government, for the purpose of taking out a request to the British Government to become mediator between the French and Mexican Governments. The best feelings have thus been kept up between the French squadron and our own. While the Vandalia lay under Sacrifieios, the French and American officers were in the constant reciprocation of ser vices and courtesies. FROM MExtco.—The schooner Eliza Ann, Capt. Floyd, arrived yesterday morning from Rio Minto, where she dis charged her cargo, and returned without falling in with any of the French blockading squadron on the coast. On Sunday last, 40 miles S. E. from Balize, she fell in with one of the French brigs belonging to the squadron, supposed to be La Perouse. The Eliza Ann hailed the brig, but received no answer. The Eliza Ann brings no news cf a political na ture.—New Orleans Picayune, 14th inst. THE HARVEST IN SCOTLAND AND IRELAND. We had sent to our office yesterday a stalk of oats, plucked by Mr. M•Adam, of Castlehill, yesterday morning, from a geld of his, without selection. It measures i n l e ngt between five and six feet, and has two hundred and five pickles o 7 well-6112d grain. On Saturday last, Mr. M'Adam plucked one from the same field, also at random, measuring six feet nine inches in length, and bearing one hundred and fifteen pickles. A small field of barley was cut on Monday last, at Douglaston, on the Maidenhead shoro, fully ripe, and an ex cellent crop.—Ayr Adverti ser . KILMARNIOCK, Ace. 15.—We have still to lament the un genial state of the atmosphere. With trifling exceptions, we have had no warm and kindly weather hitherto, and unless Sep tember do something for us beyond its fellow-months, our prospects will be any thing but promising. Markets, as may he supposed, are rising. We have, however, a most abun dant supply of excellent potatoes, at a price comparatively mo derate—yesterday we observed fifteen carts loaded with them in the market at once, and all were soon sold off. To-day the sky is clear and bright, and we trust the commencement of dry, warm, and Steady weather. In consequence of the advance in the price of flour, our bakers hove been obliged to raise the price of the quartern loaf to 11d. ; second quality, 10d. We rejoice to state that the weather is now seasonable, with every prospect of its con tinuing to be so.—Aberdeen Herald. Sinee Sunday we have had the most auspicious weather, as good indeed as either farmer, tourist, or sportsman could de sire ; and forest and glen are luxuriating in all the charms of beauty and abundance. This has tended greatly to allay the fears begun to be entertained for the safety of the crops. The hay harvest is now all secured, and the aftermath of clover premises an equally dainty " swaith." The grain crops are all looking healthy and beautiful, though not yet assuming the yellow tinge of autumn. The potatoes in a few places have partially failed by portions of the seed failing to germinate; but as the barren spots were mostly replanted, the produce of this crop will be fully an average one. The crops in general have now a promising appearance, although the country has not escaped the fearful lamentations of the watery saint; and a few weeks of such weather as we have been favoured with since Sunday will give a rich harvest to the sickle, and awaken feelings of gratitude in every heart that rests its hopes upon Him "to whom the earth belongs, and all that it contains."— Kelso Chronicle. The crops in our neighbourhood do not assume any blighted appearance, but hold out, the promise of a fair return should the weather speedily become more favourable. The hay har vest is now completed, and is being stored ; the crop of which is above an average, and is selling at 61d. and 7d. per stone for new grass; old grass is as low as 41-d. The potatoes and turnips progress favourably. The anxiety of those interested in farming pursuits is now wholly taken up with the weather; any calculation fur the commencement of harvest is not in dulged in with an apparent accuracy.—Berwick Advertiser. We have had four successive days of very fine weather. Crops are just beginning to change their colour. Bog and meadow hay have this week yielded to the scythe. The rye grass hay is nearly all secured.—Ayres/tire Examiner. Our sympathies are with the farmer just now much more strongly than with the sportsman, and we beg to rejoice with him in his fields at this cheerful weather. There is a breeze for his hay, his turnips, and his lodged grain, and the heat of the sun is now beginning to be f e lt, aye, an d to b e seen i n the yellowing year. 0 ! for a couple of months of such days as W ednesday. —Dumfries Herald. IRELAND. —We cannot refer to a subject of more general interest at this moment than the s t ate o f t h e crops t h roug h out the United Kingdom, as arising from the unfavourable effects of the weather. The price of grain has risen so much as greatly to oppress the poor classes in the three countries; and in England public meetings have already been convened, with a view of devising effectual measures of relief. The extracts which we give below must, however, remove much of the ap prehension entertained with -respect to the approaching har vest. In this part of the country the poor have suffered con siderably from an unusual, but we believe unwarrantable ad vance in the price of bread. The duration of this inconveni ence will, we trust, Ina short, as the weather has for the last week become almost uninterruptedly fine, and there is a rea sonable prospect of its continuing to improve.—Cork Reporter. The weather for the last few days has taken a most favour able change. Sunshine and warmth have succeeded the gloom and rain which we experienced for some weeks previously.— IVattrford Chronicle of Thursday. The hopes indulged in our last of a favourable change in the weather are most happily realised. Monday, summer may be said to have set in with every prospect of a continuance; . and under the genial influence which now presides, harvest wrrk in the corn fields near this city will next week be general. The damage to the crops, we are gratified to state, has not been of any moment. Those fields which are partially strewn wig be soon restored unt'er the warmth of summer sunshine. —Linitricle Chronicle of Wednesday. Sunshine and warm have succeeded the gloom and rain which prevailed for some seeks past, and the wheat fields in cur neighbourhood are fast assenting rich golden hue.—. Ti pperary Free Press of Wednesday. Fearful apprehensions are felt, or affected to be felt, by some journalists, relative to the prospects of the approaching har vest. We do not at all participate in them. But, on the contrary, we feel assured that, should :Providence favour U 3 with a con tinuance of the delightful weather which we have experienced A most favourable change has taken place in the weather with every prospect of its continuing to be fair, and we may reasonably hope, notwithstanding the cold and ungenial winds which have so long prevailed, and the heavy rain that has fallen vd:hin the last fortnight, that no injury has been done which fine weather may not retrieve; and that the crops will not eventually damaged. LORD BROUGHAM'S ANTI-BEER BILL. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Stn—Statements having appeared in several of the public papers, to the effect that petitions have been presented to Par liament from the licensed victuallers of Salford, Stockport, and Wartington, against: the above Bill, I am authorized to say that no such petitions Save ever emanated from the licensed victuallers of the places alluded to; but were, on the con trary, from the beer-sellers of those towns, or the brewers who supply them. This distortion of fact has been unwittingly committed by the Parliamentary reporters. I remain, Sir, your's obediently, J. REDFORD, Secretary to the Licensed Victuallers' Association of Manchester and Salford. Primes-street. Maachesty: Aug. 13, -18 S. ' • SALE OF ESTATES AT MONMOUTH, BY 21R. GEORGE ROBINS. Monmouth and Ross have been to-day and yesterday a scene of unusual gaiety, and greatly enlivened by the sales of the valuable estates of Hillstone and Blackbrook; both pro perties have been held in great estimation for many a long year. The latter estate was yesterday brought to the ham mer at the Royal Hotel, Ross, and we learn that, with all the aid of so eminent an auctioneer as Mr. Robins, it was bought in at the low sum of 8,900 guineas. To-day, at the Beaufort Arms, in this town, Mr. Robins offered for sale the beautiful estate called Hilston, the late residence of Mr. Coates, and formerly the seat of much hospitality, when it was the abode of General Sir Robert Brownrigt.T. The auction-room was crowded, and many of the gentlemen present w ere o f great wealth. Perhaps some foreodings as to the indefinite ex pense of reconstructing the mansion, lately destroyed by fire, had an effect ; but certainly never did property and talent combined meet so cold a response. Mr. Robins, with his known felicity of expression. set in glowing colours all the solid attractions of the property : emphatically observing, that the possessor of Hillston, by reinstating the mansion (of which the walls are standing) and all the out offices, including the best stabling in the county, at an outlay of 2,0001. or 3,0001. and living in the good old Monmouthshire hospitality, could walk over the course at the next Monmouth election. All, however, was unavailing. The biddings commenced at 5,000 guineas, went on pretty briskly to 9,9 so—there made a halt._-. and then got on to 11,000 guineas, at which bidding, after an earnest appeal to the company, one of the most respectable and numerous audiences that Monmouth ever witnessed, the property was bought in at the last sum. - - ilfr. George Robins, who, it should seem, never purchases, under any circumstances, any estate that is placed under his direction at the hammer, has, since the auction this morning, become the proprietor of Hillston, for eleven thousand guineas, independently of the timber. General Brownrigg gave for it 22,0001., with the timber. Mr. Robins indulged his audience with an exordium that occupied full one hour; we hope the purchase will reward him for his energetic appeal in favor of his respected client. Our readers may remember the greater portion of the mansion was destroyed by fire 18 months since—it is now known as the " beautiful ruins of Hillston." It is in a park of considerable beauty, with four farms, and a happy tenantry surrounding it. _Monmouth Beacon, August 18. Ross, HEREFORDSHIRE, AUGUST 16. --To-day the celebrated George Robins paid us a visit. He had to sell the Black brook estate, within 10 miles of us, a house in the olden times of considerable import, and amid the most beauteous of Mon mouth's favoured scenery ; but it has been unoccupied for fire years, and delapidation has male its unwelcome appearance. The grand ball-room of the Hotel was opened for the first time, and very soon filled by all the elite of our county. Mr. Robins indulged them by a very long and forcible appeal in which lie treated the scenery of the River Wye in his best stele, but to no effect, if we except the great applause he elicited by his remarks. It was bought in at 8,300 guineas, and, we believe, sold by him privately before be left our town, by which the aucticn duty will be avoided. Our ancient town has lately acquired a consequence that, in olden times, could not be believed. In days of yore the Swan was the great inn ; we have now an Hotel erected by Barrett, the spirited host of the Royal Hotel, that appears even to rival the Queen's Hotel, just opened at Cheltenham. It is happily placed on the summit of the brow, leaning over to*ards the declivity from Ross Church yard to the splendid valley below, where the river is winding in serpentine form, and in view of the Hotel for more than a mile. There is great taste visible in every department through out the Royal Hotel, and the proverbial civility of mine host and hostess is quite sure to incline those who have made one visit to repeat it. The impression is, that it will be the resort of all the nobility who have taste for splendid scenery, and do not dislike to pirtake of it at a moderate price. —Monmouth paper, Aug. 17. this week, crops the most bountiful and luxuriant may be ex peeted.—Ncwry Telegraph of Thursday. We are happy to state, that the last three days give earnest of an asundant harvest. The crops (with the exception of wheat, which has suffered a little blight), never looked more luxuriant than at present, and except on the very rank soils t e;tr the sea coast, has escaped being lodged by the late rains. Wexford Independent of Thursday. We nre happy to state that a lot of new oatmeal of the rrim, est qui I:ty was shipped on yesterday (Monday) by Mr. Henry Crolly of this town, per the Town of Drbgheda steamer, and consigned to dr. Thomas Tatters, corn merchant Liverpool, thus proving that the harvest, which has now commenced under the most favourable auspices. will not be so late as was gene rally expected.—Drogheda Journal. Monday the weather was very p ropitious for the crops ; we hi:d no ra i n , w hi c h has b een a rarity for some weeks ; we hope dry weather may continue. Wheat has advanced in several of the English markets fully 7s. per qUarter in the course of the last week. The ports become open for impor tation when wheat reaches 735. per quarcer.—Belfast News Letter. LATEST NEWS FROM AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE ROYAL WILLIAM STEAM SHIP AT LIVERPOOL, FROM NEW YORK. ( From the Liverpool Albion.) On Sunday evening, at six o'clock, the telegraph announced that the Royal William steam-ship, Lieutenant Swainson, R. N., which sailed from Liverpool on the evening of the sth of July for New York, had arrived off Holyhead, on her re turn voyage. Crowds proceeded to the pier -heads, to witness the arrival at Liverpool of the first steamer from New York. The whole sea-wall, from the George's pierhead to the Cla rence dock, was densely crowded. At half-past seven the packet-ship Shakspeare, which sailed from New York on the 26th of July, was seen coming up the New Channel. Close behind her followed the Royal William, with flags flying and foresail set, steaming along at her greatest speed. At this time night had begun to set in ; but, so anxious were the multitude of spectators to witness the arrival of the Royal William, that few or none left the pierheads. When in Bootle Bay the steamer threw out blue lights and fired guns. The Royal William was saluted with loud cheers by the people assembled on the Clarence-parade, and again by those assembled on the George's. She anchored off the pierhead at half-past eight o'clock, and was soon surrounded by boats, full of people, from the shore. The Royal William left New York on the 4th inst., at six o'clock in the evening. She has made a most beautiful run, having performed the voyage home in days. The distance run in four successive days was 1,005 miles, a rate of speed scarcely ever exceeded by any other steamer. The outward voyage occupied 181 days ; 11 of those days were extremely boisterous, and retarded the steamer's pro gress to the westward. Thirty.five cabin passengers have come in the Royal iVilliam. They speak highly of the capabilities of the steamer, and still more highly of the skill of Lieutenant Swainson, her Commander, and Mr. J. C. Shaw, the Marine Surveyor to the City of Dublin Company. PASSENGERS PER ROYAL. WILLIAM, PROM NEW YORK...-. Messrs. Woodruffe, Webb, Gordon, Hamilton, Rock, Day, of London ; Messrs. Leech, Fusdick, and Barber, of New Or leans; Mcssrs. Mortis, Brown. Br.sdbronk, Montant, and Scholcs, of New York ; Messrs. Nicholson and Cruickshank, of Surinam; Mr. De Mechelle, of Smyrna; Mr. Buchanan, of Glasgow ; Mr. Edmondson, of Berwick-on-Tweed; Mr. Loth, of St. Quentin, France ; Mr. Jones, of Mobile . ; Mr. Forstall, of Havannah ; Mr. Small , o f Richmond, Virginia ; Mr. Haas, of Washington ; Mr. and Mrs. Barr, of Boston, United States ; Mr. Jerald and servant, of Trinidad; Mr. Naters, of Newcastle-on-Tyne ; Mr. D ro g art of Paris; Mr. Levie, of Montreal ; the Rev. E. Neville, Mr. M'Cree and Mrs. Hollywart of PhiLdelphia. UNITED STATES. (From the .Neu , York Journal (y . Commerce.) BANK ORGANIZATIONS.-The Directors of the Mechanics' Ea king Association yesterday elected Shepherd Knapp, Esq. to be President of that Institution. A better selection could Lot have been made. The Branch of the United States Bank of Pennsylvania is arrange-d, with Morris Robinson, Esq., ai President, and Samuel Forthingham, Esq , cashier of the late Lranch Bank at Boston, as cashier. Both these gentlemen have the highest respect and confidence of the extenced circles with which they for years transacted a most important business. We under stand there is not, for the present at least, to be any Board of Directors attached to this Institution. The officers of the North American Trust and Banking Company, Messrs. Beers, Van Schaick, Mead, end Tylee, will command the entire confidence of the community. The American Exchange Bank is brought forward, too, under the auspices of a large number of our most resp ec t a bl e avid vigorous merchants. Its capital is to be paid in cash, and all the arrangements appear to b e such as will make it a very safe, and useful, and profitable bank. The only fault we have to find with any of the plans pro posed is, that so much disposition is manifested to grasp at enormous capitals. We have no need of fifty mil lion capitals. If they were to be paid in cash, a n d use d actively, they would be dangerous both to the p ublic an d the stockholders ; and if they aro to be p ermanentl y invest ed , and only the credit which they creat e made use of, then ag a i n no possible good can come of such very great amounts, though neither, perhaps, would the evil be great. " Treasury Department, Aug. 1, 1838. " The whole amount of Treasury notes autho- DOLLARS. rised by the Act of October 12th, 1.837, having been issued, viz. " And there having been redeemed of them about " The new emissions made in the place of those under the Act of May 12, 1838 have been 7,100,000 00 " This leaves a balance of all outstanding, equal to only " LEVY WOODBURY, Secretary for the Treasury." UNITED STATES BANK BONDS.--.The Philadelphia United States Gazette assigns five reasons why the United States Bank bonds, to the amount of between four and five millions of dollars, now in the hands of the Government are not likely to find purchasers at par, and under par they are not by the Act permitted to be sold. These reasons in brief are-1. That as they cannot be sold under par, they cannot by any passibility yield more than 6 per cent interest, which:is the rate they bear. 2. The investment is too short—not more than an average of eighteen months. 3. If sent abroad, the shortness of the investment would be decisive against them. 4. They are liable to offsets on the part of the bank. 5. They may be paid in the engagements of the Government itself ; for instance, a Treasury draft on Florida or Arkansas. A sixth reason which might have been added is, that Mr. Biddle keeps the market full of bonds equally good in other respects,, and which bear seven per cent. interest. Monied men can have these at par ; why then should they take 6 per cent. bonds of the same bank at par ? THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT AND THE UNITED STATES BANK BONDS. (From the Philadelphia United States Gazette.) We find in the National Gazette of yesterday afternoon the subjoined paragraph : " It is rumured that the bond of the Bank of the United States, due in 1839, for two millions of dollars, has been sold by the Treasury department, at par, to Charles Macalester, Esq., of this city." The above rumour, we are happy to say, is well founded. The same offer was made for the bond due in Is4o, fora like amount, but declined, the Secretary of the Treasury not having decided that the public exigencies will require its sale. BANK CONVENTION. A GENERAL RESUMPTION ON TIIE 13TH AUGUST. The Bank Convention assembled in this city (Philadelphia) yesterday, at 12 M. The place of meeting was the Bank of Pennsylvania. John B. Morris, Esq., President of the Mechanics' Bank of Baltimore, was elected President of the Convention ; and Elihu Chauncey, Esq., of this city, Secretary. The banks of the following States were represented, either by delegates or by letters, binding the institutions to abide by the decision of the Convention :--Nlassacliusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky, and Missouri. After considerable debate as to the proper and appropriate day for a general resumption, the following resolution was unanimously adopted:— " Resolved, that the banks represented in this Convention will resume specie payments on the 13th of August next, and recommend that day for the adoption of the banks gene rally." The 13th of August, it will be remembered, is the day re commended in the Governor Ritner's proclamation. It will be a glorious day for Pennsylvania, and, indeed, for the whole Union. HUZZA for specie payments and more prosperous times MONEY MARKET, FRIDAY, AUG. 3, 6 P•m• The business in exchange for the sailing of the Royal Wil liam opened with sales at 7i per cent. At this the rate is firm, though in a few cases 8 per cent. is asked, but so few not generally paid. The probability is, that the remittances sent by the Royal William will be extensive. On France, sales at sf. 25c. to sf. 27? s e. In domestic exchange there seems to be some rise in rates, particularly in Southern funds, from the absence of buyers and the quantity offered. The rate of discount has rather in. creased within a few days. We quote Charleston 21 per cent. ; Alabama, 9 3 4 . to 10 per cent. ; Georgia, 44f. to sf. ; New Orleans, to 44. " Business generally, in Wall-street, continues flat. The animation visible within a few days has disappeared as the week approaches its close. The operations at the Stock Ex change, which are considered an index of the market, are such as show a falling off in the activity produced by the sales of the United States Bonds, which operation is viewed in the light of a cessation on the part of the Government of its hostile feelings towards the mercantile community, and was therefore considered as the harbinger of much good ; but the vindictive feeling displayed by the party Presses, with the untiring opposition to mercantile enterprise, NiiiiCh is part of the creed of the Administration papers, seems to throw a chill over the otherwise enlivening warmth of returning trade; it is this which causes the frequent and great fluctua tion in our stock-market. EXCHANGE.—The transactions in European bills yester day, for the steamer leaving to-day, were without variation from the rates previously obtained, being on England 7i to 8 per cent. premium ; France, sf. 25c. to sf. 264 c. ; Holland, 40; Hamburgh, 35y; and Bremen, 79c. The business throughout was unusually limited on all places, as was also the amount offered."—Price Current. COTTON—Little doing; no change in prices. Flour— Demand small and prices steady. Ashes—Pots 525 dolls. Pearls 6 dolls. CHARLESTON MARKET, JULY 28.—Cotton—During the past week transactions in Uplands were extremely limited. Nearly all the inferior Cottons have been taken out of market, and there seems to be no desire to take better qualities at current rates. Rice—The operations in this article exhibit no improvement. Flour—A lot of 100 barrels Howard_street sold at from 81- to 9 dolls. per barrel. Salt—W e have nothing of importance to remark ; the article is slow of sale. One cargo of 2,500 bushels arrived this week, and we learn brought 150 dolls. per sack. Freights to Liverpo o l, id. to id. MOBILE, JULY 27.—Cotton —Arrived during the week 79 bales, and exported during the same period 227 bales, as fol lows :—To New York 150, Boston 68, leaving on c , hand and on shipboard, not cleared , the stock of 1,305 bales, agai ns t 7,896 at the same period last season. The country is pretty well cleared of the old crop, and we may well expect very small receipts until the new crop comes forward. This will be comparatively early, should the weather prove as favourable as it has been for some time back. The health of the city re mains good. Exchange.—The rates of exchang e against us have rather given way since our last. The certainty that the coming crop will place the balance of trade in our favour, and that the Bank cannot put off resumption longer than the Ist of July, 1839, ought to reduce the rate at once to about 6 per cent. for checks on New York. Reflections of this kind have caused certificates of deposits to regain favour, and they are readily convertible in New York at 11 per cent. discount, and form now the most favourable species of remittance. Freights are nominal, and quotations unnecessary, from the absence of vessels. NEW ORLEANS, JULY 26.—Cotton —We continue to have a good demand for all kinds, and prices are a little in favour of sellers the last two days. The sales yesterday amount to full 1,200 bales. We note 650 bales of North Alabamas, •middling, at E4-e. ; 58 bales of Mississippi, middling, at 910. ; 85 and 23 bales of Mississippi,_ middling fair, at 10c. ; 150 bales of Mississippi , good middling, at 10c. ; 75 bales of Louisiana, fully fair, at 11-. W. Freights dull. The British bark Dale filled for Liverpool at 3c.1. The packet-ship Huntsville put up for New York at for cotton, not being able to get over d. offered for a full cargo to Liverpool. THE CANADAS. The Quebec Gazette of the 27th ult. says :—" His lency the Governor-in-Chief arrived this f orenoon a little after 11 o'clock, in the steamer John Bull, and landed about twelve. The heads of departments, with a gu ard of honour of the Grenadier Guards, received him at the Que en ' s wharf ; and the usual salute was fired from the Cape, the s hi p s of war is port manning their yards. His Excellency was c heered by those who were in attendance to witness his landing. Excel (From the Montreal Courier of July 26. ) DISTRIBUTION OF PRIZES AT TIIE MONTREAL COLLEGE.-- The examination which commenced on Tuesday was resumed yesterday morning, at eight o'clock. The junior clas ses un derwent a very creitable examination, after which the sitting was adjourned to two o'clock. Long before that hour the theatre was crowded to an overflow, in consequence of the an nouncement of his Excellency the Governor-General's inten tion to be present. Three students then came forward to be examined on mathematics. The first was examined on tri gonometry, and acquitted himself in the most satisfactory manner. This examination of the mathematicians bad lasted about an hour, when it was interrupted by the announcement of the arrival of Lord Durham. The band then left the theatre to meet his Excellency, and rtturned in a few minutes. As soon as his Lordship was seated, two of the students came forward and complimented him, one in an English, and the other in a Greek oration. His Excellency was accompanied by the Countess and family, Mr. and Mrs. Ellice, General Clitherow, and the officers of his Lordship's staff. Lord Durham crowned the successful students at the bead of each department, and at the breaking up of the meeting ex pressed himself highly gratified. He. requested that an extra holyday might be gra n t e d t o t h e s t u d ents at t h e c lose of the present vacation, which was, as may be supposed, received by the assembled pupils with loud acclamations. COTEAU DU LAc, JULY 21, 1838.—About three o'clock, the Governor-General arrived here in the steam-boat Neptune, a vast multitude having previously assembled on the wharf, to VS deo= his Lordship's return to Lower Canada. Lord Dur- INTERNAL STATE OF PRUSSIA. BERLIN, AUG. Is.—Serions apprehensions of a dea r n ess Of tetuals, bordering on famine, are expressed by our country people, the crops having been spoiled in great measure by the rains. This is an additional gloomy feature in the picture, by no means exhilerating, which our concerns actually present. The distress of the provinces bordering on Poland, the oppo sition of the Catholic clergy to government, spreading like wildfire from the west to the east, the increasing discontent of those Protestants who refuse to join the union, preferring self-banishment to what they call an adulteration of pure Lutheranism : these, and a good many other things, are cal.. culated to make one's heart heavy, the more so, as little or no prospect is held out of a speedy relief ; for as to the distressed provinces, we are as distant as ever from the chance of obtain ing any commercial concessions from our friendly ally of the North. As to the opposition of the Catholic clergy, it begins to assume a character which, in my opinion, renders it more dangerous than open rebellion—l mean that of passive resist ance ; for, if any mode of behaviour is apt to infect and fana ticize the multitude, it is the one denoted. Lastly, as to the discontent of the Separatists. lam told, on good authority, that no less than from 50,000 to 60,000 inhabitants of some of the old provinces are ready to emigrate, if they obtain per mission, purely from this cause, that they wish to be allowed to serve Gud according to the dictates not of the State, but of their own consciences. REGISTER ! REGISTER ! REGISTER I—WC hope every Reformer will bear in mind these memorable words of Sir Robert Peel to his friends, and how diligently the Tories are every where acting upon them. Next Saturday, the 25th instant, is the last day on which any objection can be made to a riding or county voter; and the last day on which any borough voter can either claim for himself, or object to another. Let every Reformer make sure, by actual inspection, that his name is o❑ the overseers' lists now published, and that he is in all re st), cts accurately described ; and if be is not, he should forth with m,k - 3 a claim. DETERNIINED SUICIDE.—Last evening an inquest was held at St. George's Hospital, before Mr. Higgs, upon the body of I.)lin Turner. It appeared that the deceased, ssho had been a private in the British Legion (under General. Evans), was upon his return from Spain in a state of great: destitution, but was taken into the house of Mr. Laives, of Wilderness-row, Chelsea, in whose school two of his bro thers were assistants, and in which the deceased had been thought up. In consequence of some misconduct, besides stealing his brothers' clothes. be was ordered to leave the house, whereupon, in a fit of excitement, he stabbed himself with a Spanish knife or dirk, ari-1 inflicted a wound of which. he died in this hospital in a few days. Before his deaths he expressed sorrow for what he had done, and att ibute it to his distracted state of mind in consequence of the evils he bad brought on himself through love of pleasure-. beyond his means. The brothers of the deceased and other witnesses corroborated the testimony of Mr. Lawes, and the Jury returned a verdict of Temporary Insanity. On Thursday last several of the friends of M r. David Roberts, the celebrated architectural painter , gave h i nt a farewell dinner at Morland's Coffee House, Dean-street, Soho, upon the occasion of his departure for Egypt. Mr.. Roberts intends to tike drawings of all the monuments of art intro duction. Stanfield, whose talents are so j ustl y a pp reciat e d, which Egypt presents. and goes out with the h i g hes t intro was of the party. The jovial company did not separate till an. early hour. THE LATE ACCIDENT AT BARKING CRUX. y --Yesterda afternoon an adjour n e d coroner ' s inquisition took place at Woolwich relating to the deaths of George Packs". and William Sloper, who lost their lives by being ran down by a collier, in the river off Barking Creek, on Sunday, the 3Uth ult. The names o f the j ur y ha v in g been ',allied over, the coroner stated that he had received a le%ter from the foreman, Mr. Nicho las, wherein it i stated thP.t he was unable ettend in consequence ot having fallen down stairs and put. fmtohmatenAtl.r. The his ankle out of joutt. Several of the juryruen doubted the, e t troth o v f ca t s he at St a atC c n i i i e e : k it e , t e i x2 a le c s h si a n t g tl t i h e e p ir r :, see i n i et coroner said that if not found to be true he should fine him t to the u'lnost extent. 401. In con sequence of h i s non-atten- Ttra of this dari , c-i the , inquiry , was obliged to b e a dj ourne d . t ill F r i day next.. liiE ardcla l .amounted EA TRADE, las t week iVi o'sp , A 4 1 , - . 7 OTOlhbe deliverieshe . de. is uc t quite so brisk as previously.