The Sun. — London, England, 1864-05-09 00:00:00

THE CIRCASSIAN EXODUS. (From the Times Correspondent.) CONSTANTINOPLE, April 28. Official intimation has been received here of the capitulation of Vardar, the last stronghold of the Circassians, and of the consequent submission of all the tribes. I had occasion in a previous letter to refer to the flood of immigration which was pour ing into the Turkish dominions from the Caucasus, and to the defeats which had been experienced by these gallant mountaineers; and although there could be no doubt at that time that the cause of the Circassians was hopeless, there was not sufficient ground for anticipating the extraordinary move ment which has since deveioped itself, and which threatens, unless immediate relief and succour be obtained, to degenerate, as regards these poor people, into an awful disaster. Whether this movement is to be attributed to a panic con- sequent on defeat, or to the hatred inspired by the Russians, it is rather difficult to determine; but there is no doubt that the three tribes known as the _ " Shabsoukhs," " Obukhs," and " Abazehs" have determined to abandon their country to a man and take refuge on Turkish territory. Already the outflowing tide of emigrants is so great as to place the Turkish Government in the greatest embar rassment. 27,000 of these nnfortuate creatures, in the most utter destitution, have poured into Trebi zonde. The privations of 1123 voyage in a most in clement season have produced disease of the very Worst kind among them, which is not only commit ting fearful ravages in their own famished ranks, but is extending to the local population. Typhus and smallpox are raging at Trebizonde, and the place is threatened with a famine. The Turkish Govern ment is willing and anxious to receive the fugitives, and incorporate them into their own population, but the movement has been so sudden and so extensive that l it has been impossible to make provision for the hosts that are daily pouring in. It is calculated that no less than 300,000 will within the next two or three months seek shelter in this country, and half that number are new seeking the means of transport- ing themselves to the Turkish coast of the Black Sea. Unfortunately, it is found most difficult to obtain transports for this purpose. The Turkish Gevernment has offered everypecuniary inducement for obtaining it, without avail. It is now their in tention to disarm some of their men•of--war, and employ them for this service, but even this resource will not be sufficient to meet the difficulty. Some idea may be formed of the mortality raging among them when it is known that out of 600 Circassians 'who took passage in a steam transport, after a voy age of three or four days, 370 only arrived at their destination. The accounts that are received of the helpless and destitute state of these unhappy beings surpass in misery and horror anything I have ever seen recorded in connexion with suffering humanity. Women in childbirth exposed to the inclemeacies of a Black Sea journey, without assistance or the bare necessaries of life, enveloping their new born in a corner of their own ragged garment; sturdy warriors who had achieved many a gallant deed lying prostrate in the agonies of a horrible death, decks swarming with the dead and dying. These are things now of everyday occurrence on the waters of the Euxine. Ido not wish to excite an necessary horror by a faithful description of the awful visitation which has fallen upon the Circas sian race; indeed, no description, however minute and accurate, could convey a sense of the fearful sufferings of this now proscribed people; but I should be failing in public duty if I did not put upon record the dreadful calamity of which I have such abundant evidence. I have been ap- pealed to, moreover, from every quarter to give publicity to this a wful state of things as a means of concentrating attention on a subject the present and future importance of which is great, and in the hope also that it may elicit some manifestation of public sympathy. Justice must be done to the Government and to the people of Turkey for good and charitable in tentions in this emergency. Unfortunately, these intentions cannot be carried out effectively. Orga nisation is not the peculiar attribute of Oriental institutions. When the ultimate defeat and sur render of the Circassians became apparent the Russian Government made overtures to the Porte, in view of ascertaining whether the Sultan would receive into his dominions such proportion of the Circassian tribes as would desire to leave their country. The Turkish Government con sented to receive them on the condition that the Emigration should be gradual and should not com mence before the fine season. It was then believed that 40,000 or 50,000 would avail themselves_ of this refuge. The progress of events, however, has been so rapid that these stipulations have been totally disregarded, and the successive victories of the Russian army in the Caucasus produced the panic and the flight which have been recorded above. Such arrangements have been made as could be devised in the exigency of the moment for procuring shelter and nourishment, but they are so inadequte to actual requirements that considerable alarm is felt for the future. It is proposed to provide for a certain number of the emigrants by quartering them upon the population in the proportion of 10 families to every Turkish village of 100 families. The wis dom of such a measure is, I think, doubtful. It will impose upon the people an obligation which they are hardly ins po+ition to assume—that of partially providing for a helpless and destitute class, who, for a time at least, must prey upon the limited re sources of the local inhabitants. It will lead more over to the propagation of disease, the infection of which has, to a certain extent, reached even the capital. It is to be hoped, therefoze, that the de. cision may be modified. It a proper system of suc cour could be established, the Turkish Government might make considerable capital of this movement. There are vast fertile plains end tracts of land in Asia Minor and other parts of the Empire, com paratively denuded of population, to which the Circassians may be draughted with advantape. The rapid development of the growth of cotton, which only requires hands for its further extension, could bring into immediate requisition and profit the employment of a vast number of the people ; but something must be done immediately, and the mos.; practical and useful mode of proceeding is to pro vide abundant means of transport. Dissatisfaction and mu tiny make rapid strides amon g a l arge num ber of men massed together in one particular spot, when t h e y find themselves the prey of misery end d stitution and there , have alre a dy b een ; threatening indications of such a spirit among those who have taken ground at Trebizonde and other localities. All these considerations have forced themselves upon the Government, and there is no question of political import which at this moment engrosses so much their attention. Negotiations are in progress with the Russian Government to induce them to open their ports in the Bieck Sea, so as to • re gular and syste maticg ive a course to the movement, instead of driving the unfortunate emigrants to the unprotected beach in search of small coasting vessels which are crowded to excess and soon become the scenes of death desolation. and Thera is a project also of draughting some 20,000 of these men into the Ttitkish army ; the Grand Vizier and Minister of War, Fuld Pasha, has sent a military commission to the Black Sea, with this object, headed by Ali Pasha, a general officer of Circassian origin, who is said to have weight and authority with theca. The execution of this mea sure will enable the War Department to relax con: siderably the system of recruiting, which would be an incalculable boon to the country at large; and judgin; by the past exploits of the Circassian mem, neither the army nor the general population of tie Empire will suffer by the infusion of this new blood into their ranks. This is certainly an excellent idea, and one that may work well in time, but the urgent, the most imperative want of the moment is to obtain immediate relief, and by the adoption of stringent sanitary measures to oheck the progress of the dis ease which is destroying these unfortunate creatn,•es in the proportion of 20 per cent., and is spreadiilg itself among the indigenous population. A commis sion for this special object, under the auspices of Oa f - Government, is in e xistence. Private contribu'iont - have not been wanting. The Sultan's Minister! have contributed to the limit of their means. Inv Salter & himself, to his honour be it recorded, has given as much as £50,000 from his privy purse. The Government have estimated that an outlay of more than one million sterling will have to he voted by the State in order to provide for the permanent establishment of the emigrants. Some interest will naturally be m ested as to the eauses which have led the Circass n people to abandon their hearths and property and to take refuge, wrier fearful difficulties and dangers, on a foreign territory. On this subject it is rather diffi cult, as I have already said, to arrive at the accu rate truth. The privations, the hardships, and the loss of life which have attended the first stages of the emigration have not weakened the determina tion of those left behind to brave the same dangers, rather than rennin on their native soil. There is ample ground for inference, therefore—and the Cir cassians so represent it—that the Russian rule in the Caucasus is of a nature which cannot be en dured. The sacrifice of independence alone would surely not have induced 300,000 people to fly in a body from their country; and supposing their na tional feelings impelled them to do it, it is probable that the movement would have been effected in such a manner as not to expose them to the cruel fate which they have met. It is generally believed that the Russiena have been anxious to drive them out of the country, and to colonise the territory with the Cossack element. On the other hand the Russian account is that they have endeavoured in every way to conciliate these tribes and to induce them to remain in their homes. Be this as it may, their failure in this attempt—supposing they were in earnest about it—does not argue favourably as to the means which have been adopted to enforce their rule upon the bulk of these populations ; and there remains this startling fact, unprecedented in the annals of modern times—of a vast and warlike population, under the influence of those symptoms which are generated by tyranny and oppression, flying in a body to a strange land rather than re main in the power of their conquerors. A French Poisoning Case. tThe Count de la Pommerais is to be tried on Mon day next at Paris on the charge of having poisoned a widow named Madame Pauw. The idietment preferred against him, from which the whole of the following is taken, begins by recording that at the beginning of November last there lived in a small lodging on the second floor in the Rue Bonaparte, a woman of the age of 42, who ever since 1858 had been the widow of a painter named Pauw. She was left without fortune and with three children, the eldest of whom was only eight years old. She courageously struggled against the difficulties of the situation in which she found herself, and her family. La Pommerais had known Madame Pauw for several years; he attended her hus band in 1858, and after his death he very soon be came the lover of the widow. Their relations on the footing of lover and mistress continued to the middle of 1861, but in the month of August in that year M. la Pommerais married Mdlle. Dubizy, and for more than two years afterwards he never saw Mme. Pauw. He even refused to go to see her children when they were ill. One day, however, in the month of June last, Madame Panw to her great surprise, found him once more in her lodgings, and by way of explanation of his sudden return, he said he had hit upon a plan for providing for her children in the future. He told her that she must not tell any one of the means, and having thus re established relations with Madame Pauw, he pro posed that she should insure her life for a sum of 550,000 f., that he would pay the premiums, and that she should assign the policies to him. But it being obvious that in this way neither Madame Pauw nor her children would get any benefit, La Pomme rais added that he could manage to get for her an almost immediate income by this arrangement. He suggested that a little while after the policy was effected she should pretend to be seriously ill, and make the insurance office believe that she was on the point of death ; then he would go to the com pany and propose to them to cancel the policy, on the terms of paying her a life annuity of 6,000 f., to run from January 1, 1864. He would share this annuity with her, and in this way she would be better off than she had ever before bsen in her life. Madame Pauw had not the courage to reject this strange proposal. She shut her eyes to the dishonesty of the specula tion. She was incapable of suspecting the real de signs of La Pommerais, dominated as she was by her passion for him—a passion now revived, and stronger than ever. She blindly consented to let him arrange the matter as he desired. But La Pommerais took care not to come into direct con tact with the insurance companies. A broker named Desmidt,through whom he bad only recently become initiated in all the various combinations of life insurance, was instructed to tell the companies that a rich Frenchman, the Count de la Pom merais, wishing to provide for the children he had had by Madame Pauw, desired to insure her life, which was an excellent one, for their bene fit. On this representation six French com panies—La Ge7;erale, La National, La Paten:elle, L'Union, La Phenix, L'lmperial—and two Anglo- Frenchi'companies, L'lnternational and the Gres ham—agreed to issue policies on Madame Pauw's life for the total sum of 550,000 f. The eight policies were signed between the Bth and 21st of July, and the annual premiums agreed tobe paid amounted to 18,8401'. Madame Pauvr was utterly naable to nay the first premiums. These were paid, through De smith, by La Pommerais ; and thenceforth his only thought was how to get the benefit of the in surances which he nad effected. He began by get ting all the policies transferred to himself by Ma dame Pauw's endorsement, in which she was made to admit that she had received from him sums of money equal to the amounts mentioned in the re spective policies ; and separate decds, drawn up by an agent named Louis, repeated the same story. Doubting afterwards whether he was sufficiently secure against all possible claims on the part of Madame Pauw's next of kin, ho consulted an avotie, named Levens, without telling him what had been done, stated a fictitious case, and got him to draw up a deed such as he required. This deed served him as a copy, and on the 31st of August he got the widow Pauw to sign another deed similar in form. But to be more secure still, he got her to sign a will, in which she repeated that eight policies were his property, and moreover bequeathed to him all that she could by law leave, and she even went so far as to say that she gave him the interest of the part reserved for her children, without his being called upon to give security. She was never theless a fond mother, and this fact proves how com pletely Pommerais had obtained an influence over her, and how blindly she did whatever he required. The time now came for La Pommerais so to act that all the pains he had taken might not be futile and unproductive. The death of kladame Pauw was the only event which could relieve him from the payment of annual premiums (the next of which was due in January) quite beyond his means, and at the same time put him in pos session of the £550,000f. He had long pre pared himself with the necessary poison. As far back as the month of June, when he renewed his re lations with Madame Pauw, he bought a gramme of digitalis, and a week later he bought two grammes. lie perfectly well knew that this poison leaves no trace behind, but it was important for him to be able to explain in a more or less plausible manner the vomiting, which digitalis never fails to cause. With this object he reminded Madame Pauw, as soon as he got the will from her, that in order to got her policies bought up by the insurance offices upon advantageous terms, it was necessary that she should simulate an illness. She at once followed his counsels, and one day in September, a window frame having fallen down with a great noise upon her staircase, she took the opportunity of saying she had had a v i o l ent f a ll, an d after that time com plained fr equent l y of a went further, a n d consu l te d severa l physicians, who gave her prescriptions which in the sto mach. She which she took care never to follow,;but handed over at once to La Pommerais. The month of November came without Madame Pauw, although she continually talked of her illnes 3 end her pain ie the stomich, ever ceasing to busy er ;elf with her ordinary occupation. La P DM" eiereis then thought that the preliminary stages had gone long enough, and that the time had come THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EV LNIS G, MAY 9, 1864. for striking his grand blow. At his suggestipn Madame Pauw procured from the office of the etat the certificate of her birth, which would be requi site to be produced to receive the amount of the policies after her death, and which could not have been wanted for any other purpose. When he had got together all the papers required, ho told Madame Pauw to keep her bed, and give out that she was worse than ever. At the same time, as she complained daring this ♦oluntary sequestration that she lost the price of some lessons she was giving to a person residing in the Grand Hotel, La Pommerais said he would make up the amount to her, and pay her the price of the lesson every day. Madame Pauw did not leave her room after Nov. 12, and always wore a nightcap, as if she were ill, in order the bet ter to deceive the doctors, who it was expected the com• panies would send to visit her. La Pommerais said he would make her take something to cause agitation, a promise well calculated to render Madame Pauw disposed to take unhesi tatingly whatever he might choose to give her, and to prevent her from being frightened by any disagreeable symptoms which might follow. But La Pommerais' injunctions to secrecy did not prevent Madame Pauw from telling several of her friends and neigh bours what she was hoping for. "If the thing succeeds," she said, "my fortune and that of my children is made." She repeated frequently, that on the policies being brought up she was to have 3,000 f a year. All she had to do was to make the doctors believe that she was really ill, and to keep her bed for about a fortnight. On November 13 she wrote to her friend Madame de Bidder, to beg her to come the next day to spend the evening. The tone of her letter indicated content ment and hope, and contained a promise to tell Mme, de Bid der "all about it" on the morrow. But La Pommerais sent word to Mme. Pauw that he should come to pass Saturday evening with her, and as he wanted particularly to be with her alone, the rendezvous with Madame de Ridder was countermanded. No sensible change, however, yet appeared in the health of the pretended sick person. On the Monday at five o'clock she dined in company with the two Misses Biord and their mother. She afterwards begged a neigh bour, Madame Delattre, to get a bottle of essence for her, and she made a toilette with a care and attention which showed her to be in very good health. She expected a visit from La Pommerais. He came about eight o'clock. He stayed with her a long while, and nobody else saw her till the morning of the next day. At half-past six the widow Pigerre, who came as usual to bring the bread, was surprised to find the key outside the door, whereas it was Madame Pauw's habit to take it inside. This woman went into the bedroom and found Madame Pauw in a terrible state. Her face betrayed great suffering ; Peer bed and all the flooring near it were stained by vomiting. Madame Pigerre at once called up Felicite and Adelaide Pauw, who slept in the en tresol. They came up directly, but their mother told them that she had only an indigestion, and wished to be left alone.' Therefore they went to their own room. At eight o'clock La Pommerais came again, and, as in the evening, remained for a long while alone with Madame Pauw. It was evident that she was in a dangerous state. But he called for no as sistance; he spoke to no one about her, and left her suffer ing as she was. She felt no uneasiness about herself. She knew that to get the 3,000 francs a-year it was necessary that she should appear to be seriously ill I Besides, La Pommerais had re-assured her. She said to her daugh ter Felicite, " He tells me that I have the :cholera, and that I shall be ill for 24 hours." Now, the word cho lera did not at all frighten her, because La Pommerais told her that he had had it himself and had cured himself in 24 hours by means of a medicament which he would bring her. So far, therefore, from asking her daughters to nurse her, she ordered them to go to school as usual. But after they were gone she got worse and worse, and received no atten tion, except from her neighbour, Madame Delattre, who came to her every now and then. At 1 o'clock, Dr. Gan jirtot, who she had often consulted, came to see her. He really believed that she had fallen downstairs, and when he learned !rota Madame Delattre that she had not followed his prescripilons, he became very angry, and went away without examining her, and without her attempting to keep him. Shortly after this, and at about 2 o'clock, La Pommerais came again, and was again alone with her. He prescribed nothing, and left her still suffering. At half past six Madame Pauw died, just as Dr Blackey, who had been sent for by Mdlle. Hurlmond, arrived. La Pomme rais returned for the third time at eight o'clock. Mdlle. Hurlmond, whom he met on the staircase, told him of Madame Pauw's death. This news caused him no sur prise, no emotion. He went upstairs, coolly approached the corpse of her who had so long been his mistress, as sured himself that she was really dead, and then withdrew, leaving it to be supposed that her death had really been caused by a fall on the staircase. " That is all nonsense," exclaimed Mdlle. Hurlmond, " Madame de Pauw never fell downstairs." And as La Pommerais appeared to insist, " Don't answer (she said to him), you know well enough that I knowall about Mme. de Pauw's affair." "Ho but too well knew also (says the indictment) what was the crane of this woman's death, and of that cause there cannot now be the slightest doubt—Widow de Pauw was poisoned by La Pom merais in the evening of Nov. 16, The accused was the last person who saw her that night. He admits that she was seized with that vomitin g which furnishes to science the proof that poison must hav e been administered some moments be fore. The next day he saw her twice ; he was again alone with her, and nothing could have been more easy than to repeat the dose of poison if he thought it needful. He alone had an interest to commit the crime, and he had evidently imagined it at the moment when he made Madame de Pauw effect those insurances which cannot be explained by any other hypothesis." It is alleged that as soon as Madame Pauw was dead efforts were made by La Pommcrais to get the whole of the money from the eight insurance companies, and that many letters were writieu by Madame Pauw at his dictation, which it now seems were to aid him in his work. Several of these were received by her relations, particularly her father and sister, the day after her death. The letters tell them that she is vary ill, and beg them to come imme diately, if they would find her alive. These letters, the first not dated, were put into the post in the evening of Novem ber 10, a few moments after Madame Pauw had breathed her last. It was the accused who got her to write there let ters six weeks before they were sent, She told Mdie. Hurl mond at the time, and according to the expression of this witness, it pained her so much to write them that she cried about it. A host of other statements arc made in the in dictment against the accused, and it is said that there is a second charge against him of having poisoned his mother in-law, Madame Del.ay, by digitalis, in 1861, What kind of defence will be made remains to be seen. The Treatment of the Poor in Bethnal-Greerl, - - THE OFFICIAL INQUIRY. On Satniday forencen, at 11 o'clock, Mr.Fernall rammed this investigation at the ini,thual-green Workhouse, Vic toria- park. The Commissioner proceeded with the case of Mr W. Runcieman, a relievieg officer, charged with neglect and misconduct is the case of a peer family named White. It was for neglecting to bury a full-grown child ; and also that when the father—Wm. White, a small hawker, living at 19, Weatherluad-gardens. Crab-tree-row, Bathnal green—applied to Mr Runcieman to have the child buried, he not only refused, but called the applicant "a common. impostor and a pauper, that he would have locked him up, and that he would not give him a box fur his child or any thing else, and then walked away." Mr. Pearce, barrister, instructed by Mr. White, solicitor, defended Mr. Runcieman. Mr Wm. Runcieman, examined by the Commissioner, deposed that he was a relieving officer Of the third district of Bethnal-green for one year and eight months. He remem -1 ered that on Monday, the 29th of February, the man White came to him for an order for the doctor for his wife, who was near her confinement. Witness gave him an order on Dr. Massingham. The next morning White came and asked to have his child buried. Witness asked had he got a certificate. He said he had not. Witness then took notice of the man, who seemed to have takes a little liquor. He was excited. The man said his child was born dead, bat witness told him he could not take anyone's word in such a matter, and he must have a certificate. The man made use of bad language, and left. Witness entered the application in the book, but not the reason for its refusal. White's case was not then in the books, as entries were not made about medical orders. He ktvw that medical orders were relief. The number of orders issued was re• ported weekly to the guardians. The names of the appli cants were not reported. He issued about 30 orders a-week. He did not call White a pauper or impostor. On the Tues day he visited White, he did not eater the room as de scribed by White, for he knocked at the door, and it came open. Facing the door was a bed on which lay Mrs White (Ann Bradshaw), and outside the clothes White was lying down asleep. Two other children were there, but witness did not see them eating anything. Bradshaw told him the child was dead in the room, but he did not see it. A napkin he saw covered it. Witness said he had not inquired into the circumstances of the family before giving tho medical order. The Commissioner said that should always be done. It was not fair to the doctors, who were not overpaid, to send orders for them to attend persons not entitled to their aid. The witness said that the Whites' house was in a deplo rable and ruinous condition as to furniture. The bedding covered the woman well. There were chairs and a table, and common ornaments on the mantelshelf. There were some halfpence, perhaps 6d., on the shelf, There were po tatoes in a saucer, and half a loaf of broad on the table, There were tea and sugar, apparently two ounce of the first and half a pound of sugar, and perhaps half a pound of meat also on the table. The Commissioner—Neverthless, did it seem that it was a poverty-stricken place. Witness said that there was poverty the result of impro vinence, but he saw nothing to need relief at that particular time, fie knew Mr Massingham had not ordered nourish. ment. Witness sat down to ask questions, when a dog flew from under the bed at him. lie jumped up very suddenly and said that they should not keep such a dog in the place. He asked a few questions. White got off the bed. Witness said that he ought to make some effort, and said that he (witness) was glad his wife was getting on well• Witness then saw that he was partially drunk. Witness had often se en White, and knew him to be of violent character, and had heard him in the streets using bad language and quar relling and abusing Ws wile. IL) was a bad man, far wit- fleas had seen him a quarrelsome drunkard. 'Witness left the house and White followed and laid hold of witness's cloak. Witness had asked him over and over again for the certificate of death, without which he could do nothing►, and be (witness) desired to get away from him, as he was not really accountable—he was drunk. When White caught hold of witness's cape he made a blow at witness, when the latter, for his own protection, seized hold of his wrist. Next day witness got the ticket (produced) from Dr Massingham, certifying that Ann White required tea, sugar, and oat • meal. Witness gave that nourishment at White's house, He also got a certificate of death and ho gave a coffin, and the child was buried by the parish, Jane Collins brought him the certificate. —.— Ann Bradshaw said that she lived with Wm. White, She had three children-11, 6, and 2 years respectively. She made and sold six gross of fish •baskets in Billingsgate weekly. She paid 73 6d for the materials for one gross and sold the manufactured article at 93. That was not con stantly, however, as she could not get the stuff to make them. The stuff was a fiat rush that came from India. The trade was for about six months in the year. Mr Runcieman came into witness's room about 1 o'clock. Her husband had only laid down a few minutes before, and he was not asleep or drunk. What Mr Runcieman said about his being a drunken, quarrelsome man was not true, and she could bring neighbours to contradict him, for they lived nine years in the one house. Mr Runcieman did not knock, but came right into the room. There was no dog in the room, but there might have been one in the yard, and she heard one barking there. Cross-examined by Mr Pearce—White never kicked wit ness. No Bible lady nor any ens else saw White drunk and ill-using her. -Witness got beef about three or four times (about ill) each time) during the three weeks of her confine ment. She thought she ought to have got it oftener, or when she got the bread, &c. Mr Runcieman said he gave relief in kind on the recom mendation of Dr Massingham, although he said to the doc tor he thought it was not required. It was given for three weeks, and then witness stopped it because he saw the woman in a public-house. Ho reported the circumstance to the guardians. Ann Bradshaw said that was not true. In answer to the Commissioner, Mr. Runcieman said that she was not drunk. She was only taking a glass cf beer. The relief ceased by order of the guardians in consequence of his report. The book was put in, and it was stated in it that relief was stopped because the woman was " not here." Mr. Runcieman stated that he should have reported if he saw the woman out. lie did not mean to imply that there was anything wrong in her going into the public-house, but that she was quite well. The doctor had ceased to attend her. She did not attend before the board, though she had an order, and that alone would stop relief. He never used I bad language, or was unkind. After other evidence, The Commissioner said that reckless people like thellThites hardly deserved relief. The inquiry was then declared to be closed. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS, THE " SPECTATOR" ON THE DARKENING HORIZON. —rhe horizon is darkening fast. Almost every in cident recorded this week points to a rapidly ap proaching crisis, the outbreak of that European war which we have for five months foretold as certain if England shrank from her clear duty of enforcing justice as well as peace. Had we fulfilled the Pre. mist's accepted the Swedish offer, and sent ten eg of the line to the Dannewerke as proof that we were in earnest, there would have been no war, and we should have dictated a compro mise which by doing justice at once to Denmark and Germany would have removed all heartburn- sags. The Ministry or the Court, whichever it was, shrank from that j us t course, and now the nation must pay the penalty which always falls on those who will not submit to injustice, yet are not prompt to demand redress. The Conference after two post ponements met at last on the 29th of April, but as we predicted the very first proposal was made an excuse for delay. Th e Germans, forsooth, had no idea that any one would ask for an armistice, no instructions whether to accept or reject it, and though the telegraphs are in order waited three days more. When the instructions arrived it was discovered that they covered a great deal too much, that Prussia in particular was striving to dictate terms as to a conquered foe, and the consequent re monstrances furnished one more excuse for another appeal for fresh orders. Conference therefore stands postponed to Monday next, by which time we doubt not Count Bernstorff will have the gout, or Herr von Beust will be recalled to arrange pressing Saxon business, or Count Apponyi will feel it necessary to inquire at Vienna what he is to do if the Prussian should chance to disagree with him. The game now visibly playing is one of delay, delay intended to allow Prussia to occupy all Jutland, and Austria to send her fleet to the Baltic. It the allies could but gain three clear weeks undis turbed, Jutland would be swept bare, Funen entered by the Prussian army, and the Austrian fleet an chored off Copenhagen. Fortunately for Denmark and Europe, however, there are limits to the for bearance even of the British Government. It is clear amidst all the guarded official statements that this last insult overcame the Foreign Secretary's pati• ence, and that Vienna has been assured that if, in spite of promises, the Austrian fleet quits the North Sea the Austrian fleet will cease to exist. The Aurora has been despatched to watch its progress, and a squadron ready for action lies waiting in the Dewns. Austria,it seems probable, will on this point give way to an irresistible mandate ; but the collisiun has not tended to diminish the i rr it a bility of diplomatists, or the inexplicable arrogance and security which are expressed at Berlin. The official journals of Prussia not only talk of the fi na l absorp tion of Schleswiginto Germany, not only demand compensation for all the expenses of a war of inva sion, but inform Germany that should the British fleet sail the Prussian Envoys will be at once with , but has demanded a fashion and of Napole o n 1.," the with drawn. Marshal von W ran gel not only permits his e Jutl soldiery ,,r eq uie t t i ooravage t Jh first instalment" being /96,000, and transported the municipalities which olie , cted to the extortion. Tile fortifications of Fredericia are sentenced to destruction, and in short the Prussians d ea l openly with Denmerk, upon which they have never declared u ser, as a conquered country. The chatter about the Prince of Augustenhurg has entirely ceased, the Prussian Chambers are silent and cont e nt with some expected develo;linent, and if the signs visible on all hands may be trusted. , Herr von Bismark intends to insist on tame which would make Holstein and Schleswig and lutloied provinces of Prussia. As sured, as he thinks, that En,giond will not inter fere, and prepared to defy France, ho talks of the "sacrifices made by the Monarchy" and the justice of compensations as if already convinced that, Europe had sente nced De nmark. Arrogance of this kind when manifested by the Minister of a despotic State whose armies are in motion points almost invariably to war. These are serious signs, but more serious still is the change w hich is passe ing over English opinion. Parliament is, a s is usual before action, quiet to apathy, just as awl:epees sit hushed when the music tells them the denouenz.ent is at hand ; but there is a kind of low growl coming up audibly from every side. 'inn country is wearied out. Originally very apathetic, almost. unable to understand the quarrel, and full of traditional be lief in German inertness, the English people have the galla . nt watched the inciafints of the campaign , recognise resistance made by men in whom they themselves, the needless slaughter for the sake of military display, the cruel requisitions upon unre sisting farmers, the yet more cruel insults poured upon men who died defending the i r own soil with an ever-increasing indignation. Men sympathi▪ se acutely whenever they can entirely understand the suffering, and there is not a country i gentlemann England but reads of the destruction of homesteads like Ravnhavn, the breaking up of of Lin the of Lin . coln sh . i▪ re devastation of farms as like those as if the people of Boston still *lio banish, with a sense of personal pain. T h a t pain is the sharper because it is felt at last that there runs through ail these acts a spirit of insult towards England as well as Denmark, that th is country is being humiliated in the face of the world, 1 cough too proud to be " susceptible," unable even to conceive why Prussians should resent a monument recording a fair defeat, our c ountrymen are not at heart delighted with others' acorn. A feeling that it is almost time that words should give place to action is spreading fast through the land, and will very speedily snake itself heard in unmis takeable tones. The Cabinet, hampered by,a hun dred difficulties of which Parliament never talks, has waited for support, and new there is no course of action, so be it decided, of which the country will not approve. If France wil l join to secure the weak, "the alliance will ha accepted with pleasure; but if not, it is not from the treseleries that England re ceives her orders. Finally, the to of f the Danes will, we suspect, acce!crate the decision of states last - men. The politicians of Copenha ing is en soem at to perceive that a groat cause this world no security against a great wrong, and are talking in their despair of schemes as,dangeroug to Europe as their annihilation would be. With Schleswig gone and Jutland ravaged, the islands have scarcely a polities.l existence, and may es well reap the advan tages of their inevitable deniendence. "We must," says; M. Hall, through the pagbladet, " apply direct to Berlin," and terms obtained from Berlin will in volve the permanent dependence of Denmark en the great Power which grants it peace. Germany ruling the Baltic—that is a change which may not be dangerous, but which the older statesmen of Ear , pe, men like Lord Palmerston, who know that unless the Baltic is free Russoe is supreme in the North, and like Napoleon, who remember that Sweden is really an arm of France, will undoubtedly held to be so, With rulers alarmed and populations irritated, a madman like Herr Von Biemark to drive both to extremes, and English Princes accepting orders at the hands of a Prussian King, the horizon on every side seems visibly closing in: TUE LONDON REVIEW" ON POPE PIrS COURAGEOUS ALLOCUTION ABOUT POLAND.--The thunders of the Vatic have once more broaen over the head of an Emperor. The Pope, moved no doubt by a high sense of duty, and by a profound feeling of indignation at the wrongs inflicted by the Czar upon the Roman Catholic population of Poland, has just delivered a very remarkable allo cution iu a consistory held at Rome. The unani mous voice of the civilised world will echo the charge which he has solemnly brought against the Sovereign of Russia—that, after having driven his subjects to insurrection, he is now endeavouring, under the pretext of suppressing the rebellion, to deprive them of all that is characteristic of their nationality, or endeared to them by political or re ligious feeling. Considering the persecution which s undoubtedly been exercised in Poland against the priests and professors of the Roman Catholic religion, his Holiness would undoubtedly have been wanting to his position had he not joined in that general protest, which seems to be all that the world can offer. by way of stemming the tide of ruthlees oppression. This allocution is not without political importance, for it tends to keep alive in Roman Catholic countries the animosity which recent events have excited against Russia. Nor is it unmarked by a degree of political courage, for which the Pope deserves full credit. It will not be forgotten at St. Petersburg, and if ever the question of main taining the temporal power comes up for discussion amongst European statesmen, it will probably exert a material influence upon the policy of Russia. Pius IX. could not be blind to this probable effect of his address : and he is therefore entitled to the praise of having at least dared and risked something for the sake of the unfortunate Poles—praise to which no other European sovereign can put forward - - _ the slightest claim. THE " EXAMINER" ON STREET NUISANCES. — We have to thank Mr. Bass for bringing in a bill to protect the public against the noisy nuisances now infesting the streets. The existing law requires reasonable cause for the removal of vagabonds playing on grind organs, or brass instruments of torture. But magistrates differ as to reasonable cause, and Justice Midas is of opinion that no one can :have reason to complain of the sweet sounds from a decayed hurdygurdy, or the alternations of grunts and squeaks of a brass band, Another magistrate thinks only sickness or mathematics reasonable cause. A third holds the right opinion that the streets should be kept to their right uses— traffic,and that there is reasonable cause for stopping the conversion of them into orchestras, or we should rather say, places of abominable discord. What Mr. Bass proposes is to extend protection to serious occupations which will not bear interruption ; but, as Sir F. Crossley observed, people have a right to something more, and ought to be allowed to live in the houses they pay for in peace and quiet. Be cause a householder happens not to be a calculating machine, be is not to be tormented with noises from daybreak to midnight. He has a right to as much • uiet as consists with the necessary traffic of the streets. There is a time for all things, and the choicest music intruded upon the ear at every hour of the day would be intolerable, much more so the drone of hackneyed tunes by decayed organs, or the grunts and squeaks of a herd of filthy German swine. Unhappily, nature has provided no defence against this crying evil. We can shut our eyes against disagreeable sights, we can stop our noses against bad smells, but cannot stop our ears against the assaults of discordant sounds. The sense of hearing is completely at mercy, and no mercy is shown it in this vast, ill regulated town. In Paris street music is suffered on no pretext, and if people choose to have it it must be in their houses or court yards. And cur own Legislature has admitted the principle that some consideration is due to the ears in suppressing the dustman's bell ; but what was the annoyance of that bell to the detestable noises that have succeeded it ? and the bell was not ring ing every where from sunrise to midnight. The street nuisance is defended in Parliament by two lineal descendants of Midas, Sir John Shelley and Lord Fermoy, and on Mr. Bass's motion the latter brayed a bray that the attempt was to suppress street music, and to interfere with the recreation of the people. The people, in the common sense of the word, have no interest in the matter. The brass bands and organs, the Savoyard and German vaga bonds, are not to bo found in the alleys and courts, but in the squares and handsome streets. The Ger man gangs are not paid in pence, but in silver and gold. If your wife or daughter is on a sick bed, or your mother dying, you cannot buy her quiet at a less price than half-a-sovereign. The organs are more moderate in their extortions, in proportion as their power of annoyance is less, but you must pay both, and all day long. There is a gang of Ger man boys that has carried extortion to great per fection by having instruments excruciatingly out of tune, Their activity is as great as their discord is intolerable, and they make themselves heard, detested, and dreaded in every part of the town. Yet there are people who mistake even this per formance for music, and who reward and encourage it, se that the trade is doubly profitable, chiefly by extortion, nartly by ministering to a vulgar, vicious taste. A musician, noticing that the band by which he was tormented al ways played its false notes in the same places, called the loader into the house the other day, gave him wino, complimented him on the good playing of his band (whereat he looked uneasy), and ado ed,l have especially admired the skill and re gularity with which you introduce your discords. " Ah," said the street bandmaster with a knowing look, " zat is our business. It is by zat we live." A Persian Ambassador on his first visit to the opera was in raptures with the band when tuning the in struments, but when they commenced the overture to " Figaro," he said, " This is poor stuff indeed, but what they commenced with was celestial music." There are folks with this sort of taste, and who really like discords when they pierce their dull ears with a sharp shriek. Some of the Germans, it must be admitted, play well, but the greater number are mere horn-blowers, or else they know that it mat ters not for profit whether they play well or ill, for that certain ears are well pleased with bad as with good music, and that others are to be tortured into uff their tormentors. It is curio us to ob serve the parts of the town of which complete pos session is taken by the nuisance-mongers. Aristo cratic Dover-street is devoted to them —organs, bras 3 bands, disgusting fellows with blacked faces grimacing and bawling negro melodies, are to be found in that unhappy street at all hours of the day. We have a suspicion that there is something more than extortion in this disgraceful phenomenon, and that Fermoys and Shelleys abound in that locality, and do not care to disguise the long ears that have come down to them, and attest the ancient quarrel with Apollo. THE " SATURDAY REVIEW" ON PRINCE NAPO LEON.— Prince Napoleon enjoys a very curious position. He has all the advantages of the empire, and none of its drawbacks. Purple and fine linen, the obsEquiousness;of courtiers, and the admiration of all whose admiration is stimulated by interest, surround him from morning to night. And yet he can do and say what he pleases. If the worst comes to the worst, and he has been very indiscreet, he has only to feel a scientific ardour, and set off in his yacht on some exploring expedition, till his rash ness has been forgotten. He is a man who has strong feelings, and strong likes and dislikes, who chooses his associates as he fancies them, and espouses heartily a cause to which he attaches himself. And yet, how ever dangerous may be his friends, and however compromising may be his opinions, he still can speak boldly out, and utter words which no other royal person in Europe could utter without giving offence and seeming false to his order. He is a democrat, almost a red democrat,and he talks as democratically and as red as he likes without any one stopping him. Various causes combine to give him this position. He is au able man, and is said to be the only human being of whom the Emperor is afraid. Then he re sents one side of Imperialism in a very marked way and helps to persuade France and Europe that, in one sense, the Emperor is nothing but a crowned democrat. The Emperor has far too much sympathy with his cousin to wish to dissociate himself wholly from a speaker who is, to some extent, the chief of the revolutionary party. Perhaps the Emperor knows that much of what the Prince says is imme diately set down as mere vapouring, and ho may not be sorry to contrast the importance which is attached to everything he himself says with the indifference that is frequently bestowed on the strongest utter ances of his cousin. Perhaps, too, the Emperor likes to use the Prince sometimes as an instrument by which he way gauge public; opinion, and chooses to encourage or permit the extravagances of his cousin in order that he may know how far there is any substantial change creeping over the surface of French political thought. But at the same time the Prince holds an independent position of his own. He is not the mere passive tool of the Emperor. nor is he the mere impotent mouthpiece of cleverer and more unserupuloes democrats than himself. He is allowed to say what hp does hecause it would be so hard to stop him without causing a rupture in the Imperial family, which the Emperor is anxious above all things to avoid. The Prince, too, knows what he is about. He sticks by a set of ideas whiels hayp already some power in Europe, and which may have More. He is all for what Garibaldi calls the fated cause of the peoples. And his very position gives him a weight, when he talks about fated causes, which no other adherent of fated causes can have. For no one can be quite certain that the Emperor is not speaking through him, and a very plight aecideut might make it of the last importance to Europe that he should not have fated causes in which he believes. It the Em- pernee restraining,- hand were taken away, the I Prince would almost certainly have a commanding infleence over the ordering of efflirs in France, and would let loose elements of strife which are now hushed in repose. His words have, therefore, a significance the exact extent of which it is almost impossible to estimate, and naturally the utterances of a man who has this exceptional standin g are often taken for much more than they mean. Wh en , for example, he says that he quite agrees with a revolutionary committee that the case of Venice is urgent, and that the time has now arrived when Italy should be set free from the Alps to the Adriatic, no one can exactly say whether this is all nonsense, or whether he is shadowing forth a move ment to which his Imperial position may help him to give life and reality. And if his position is curious in France, so also is it in Italy. The Italian Ministry has just made a declaration of the impression produced on it by the reception of Garibaldi in England. No Ministry could have taken a more sensible course. So far as the recep tion of Garibaldi was a compliment to Italy, and a testimony to the personal merits of a great the Ministry is rejoiced at it. Italy wishes to stick closely to both the great Western Powers, and as England is the harder of the two to persuade to practical action in her favour,she cannot slight altogether such a means of influencing England as Garibaldi has discovered. But, as to Garibaldi himself and the party of action, the Ministry permits itself to hope that the hero of Caprera has taken one lesson to heart since he went there. In England he saw the spectacle of trium phant law and order, and a people contented, happy, and prosperous, because it left the conduct of affairs to the Government it had chosen. If Garibaldi has learnt the advantages of this, his excursion will have done him and his country some good, It will inspire him with a wish to see Italy acting in the same way, and to allow the King and his responsi ble advisers to decide what is to be done, and when, and how. The Ministry entirely declined to own itself at the beck and call of the party of action, as it is called, and hoped that Garibaldi would see only the necessity of this, for the King's advisers to have only a half-power when they had all the responsi bility, and they called on the Chamber to choose between them and the party of action if they wished Garibaldi to be supreme. And yet, at this very instant, Prince Napoleon thinks it opportune to , come forward and announce that the liberation of Venice cannot be delayed much longer. The King's Ministers tell the country to wait patiently, and the King's son-in-law tells them that waiting is now nearly over, and that the great call to arms will soon be heard. Probably the Prince spoke as he pleased and as he thought, without much caring what would be the consequences to the Italian Ministry. And yet, although he seems to be run ning directly contrary to the responsible counsellors of his father-in-law, and to be urging in the very direction from pursuing which they are most anxious to save her, they will probable feel little objection to what he has said, and may even see that an advantage is to be derived from the very strength of the language he has used. For, in the first place, his words tend to keep alive the impres. sion in Italy that the Royal Family, with the King at its head, longs to fall with the current of theipopular wish, and is only withheld by over powering reasons of State policy from gratifying its desires. The hopes of Italy are thus associated with its monarch ; and, in a country where everything is so new and so uncertain, and where all that is most energetic has been so long associated with the thought of revolution, it may have a powerful effect towards consolidating the existing order of things that the nation should look on the royal family as . among the chief of its own partisans. Then, again, Prince Napoleon reminds the excited politicians of the Italian towns that all talk about freeing Italy from the Alps to the Adriatic is mere moonshine unless France is associated with the movement. But he represents France not as the calculating ally help ing Italy from selfish motives, bat as the exponent in Europe of those ideas which demand the expul sion of the Austrians from Venice as the first step towards building up a new and better framework of European society. He desires to warn Italy that France must be by her side if she is to win in her great contest, but he presents France in the colours which most attract Italians. Naval and Military Intelligence, THE NAVY. Orders were received at Devonport on Saturday to put in commission the screw steam gun vessel Assurance, 4, of 681 tons, with engines of 200 horse power. Mr Frederick A. Johnston (borne on the Indus) is her master. Sho is to heve a complement of 90 officers and seamen. The following appointments were made on Saturday at the Admiralty :—Lieut. H. Gland, to the Galatea—Lieut, It, B, Lambert, to the Rattlesnake—Lieut A. J.Errington and Lieut the Hon M. F. Murray,to the Wolverene—Lieut J. S. Eaton and H. C, Wallis, to the Enterprise—W. J. Cunningham, master, to the Assurance—A. De G. Sutton, master to the Wolverene—H,Augilar, master, to the Enter prise—F. M. Rayner, staff surgeon, to the Eagle—Geo. D. Maclaren, staff surgeon, to the St. Vincent—lt. Deveson, paymaster, to the Wolvcrene—M. M. Magrath and J. M. Hollingsworth, assistant surgeons,additional to the Eurya- Ins —W. W, Murly,assistant paymaster, to the Wolverene —H, C. Jones, engineer, to the Enterprise—J. M•Laran, first class assistant engineer, to the Salamis—W, Wallace, first class assistant engineer, to the En terprise—J. A. Cawley, second class assistant engineer, to the Enterprise—Thomas E. Semmens, clerk, to the Wolverene —and Charles Topping, assistant clerk, to the Wolverene. THE ARMY. During the past week the half-yearly inspections have been actively proceeded with at Aldershott. On Tuesday the 13th Hussars were inspected by Major-Gen. Hodge; on Wednesday and Thursday the A and B batteries of Royal Artillery and the D battery of Royal Horse Artillery by Col. D'Aguilar. The 2d battalion GOth Rifles and the Ist battalion 3d Buffs were inspected on Wednesday by Gens. Bates and Russell, and the Gth Dragoon Guards (Cara bineers) on Friday. The troops in each instance were put through the customary evolutions, and acquitted themselves to the entire satisfaction of the inspecting Generals. The inspection will be resumed to-day. The opening of Aldershott Camp Industrial Exhibition is fixed for the 29th of June, and it will remain open until the afternoon of the 14th of July. The Ist of June is the last day for receiving applications for space, the demand for which has already absorbed every square foot at the disposal of the committee. A meeting is to be held to-morrow to take into consideration the beau means of informing the public of the exhibition and to determine the prices of ad mission. Major-Gen. H. Eyre, in command of the Chatham dis trict, completed the half• yearly inspection on Saturday of the three depot battalions of infantry at Chatham garrison, including the depot companies of the Ist and 2d battalions of the 4th King's Own, Ist and 2d battalions of the 12th Regiment, Ist and 2d battalion of the 19th Regiment, Ist and 2d battalions of the 20th Regiment, 31st, 35th, and 43d Light Infantry,slst King's Own Light Infantry, 62d Light Infantry, 75th, 77th, 81st, 83d, arid 91st Highlanders, 94th and 101st Royal Bengal Fnsileers, and 102 d Royal Madras Fusileer Regim3nts, under the respective commands of Col. H. Jervis, Lient-Col E. Newdigate, and Lieut-Col the Hon J. S. Bourke. The depot companies of each corps were as • sembled on the parade ground in front of their respective quarters, when the new clothing and accoutrements re cently issued to the troops were inspected, together with the arms and equipments. In consequence of the frequent brigade field days which take place at Chatham, the custo mary review on Chatham lines was dispensed with. The inspection was brought to a close by Major General Eyre going over the several barracks and quarters occupied by the troops and inspecting the various offices, &c. On the occasion of the late visit of Marshal Furey to Donai, the mayor of that place published a pro clamation in which he called on the inhabitants to display the national flag. The Courrier Donaisier, in copying the document, substituted the word Mayon (rag) for that of drapeau (flag), which circumstance caused great emotion in the town. Judicial proceedings are, it is said, to bo taken against the editor, the corrector, and the compositor of the journal, _ COUNTRY MARKETS. YORK-SATURDAY. We have again to report another week of remarkably fine growing weather. There was rather a limited supply of wheat at market to-day, with an inactive demand, and prices advanced is. Thera was hardly a amide of bailey at market. Oats also in limited supply, Beans in fair demand, and at is more money. Wheat, red 37s to 39s Oats . 18s to 20a White do .40s to 43s Beans 32s to ais Barley .26s to 31s Peas ....--s to —a Malt, iiSs to 60s per qr.; ryc, 28s per qr.; flour, 27a to 29s per sack. GRANTHAM-SATURDAY. Old white wheat, 42s to 44s ; red, 38s to 40s per 36st. ; new white, 408 t0_428; red, 378 to 395. Malting barley, 33s to 36s per qr ; grinding, 2Ss to 30s ; oats, old, 238 t) 268; new, 20s to24s; beans, 348 to 365; peas, 34s to 365. LEICEETER-SATURDAY. There was a scarce show of wheat, and prices is dearer, —New white wheat, 39s to 44s ; red, 388!,to 40s per 36 stone. Old red, 388 to 42s per 36 stone. Barley, malting, new, 32s to 36s per qr.; grinding, 27s to 28s; old oats, 28s to 30s; new oats, 21s to 24s per 24 stone. Beans, old, 40s to 42s per 38 stone ; flour, 26s to 31s per 20 stone. NORWICH-SATURDAY. Thera was a fair supply of wheat to-day, and prices were barely so high as on this day se'nnight. The de live' ies of barley small, and prices are nominal. Beans, peas, and oats were at late r a t es . White wheat. 42s to 44s 1 Red wheat 38s to 40s Malting barley ...35s to 36s 1 Chevalier barley 33s to 34a d 0..... 29s to 30s 1 Oats.. 24s to 20s Flour, 25s Od to 26s Od per sack from the miller NOTTINGHAM—SATunnAr. A slender show of wheat to-day, with a fair attendance of the trade. Tho demand was inactive, and prices were at the extreme rates of last week. The show of barley was small, and little business was transacted. Oats healthy. —White wheat, from 39s to 46s ; red wheat, 37s to 425. Barley—malting, 30s to 37s ; grinding, 27s to 30s. Oats old, at 24s to 30s Od; new, 19s to 265._ Beans sold at 38s to 42s"per qr. ; new, 34s to 365. Flour, fine, 27s to 30s ; super, 32s to 378 per 20 stone. DUBLIN. Irish wheat and barley the prices of last week were lower. Oatmeal very dull. —FRIDAY. maltered. A slow trade, and realised. Oats were a shade Flour improved in sale. s. d: s. d. Wheat, white 24 0 to 26 6 Do., red 2l 6 to 24 0 Do., new Barley Oats Do., black ...... 0 tO ... 0 s. d. s. d. Oatmeal lO 0 to 13 0 Beans.. . 0 to 0 Bere . Rapeseed 0 to 0 Bakers' flour l4 0 to 20 0 Indian corn Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DIIE.I Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton ..May 19. via Marseilles May 13. lrazil and Cape Verde, by British packet. June 5. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena May 22. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southarapton May 19. via Marseilles Ma y .l3. Falkland Islands .. Gibraltar, via Southampton May 12. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton May 19. India (Bombay), via Sou - tha:np v :o a n Marseilles**** M Ma a y y 1 1 3 2. via Marseilles May 6. P0rtuga1.......... Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton May 12. via Marseilles May 6 Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo .. .. U. S. and British N. America, Ly Brit. packet May 11. by U.S. packet _ by Canadian packet. May 10. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Tenable May 10. Bahamas, via New York June 2 Mexico ' ....May 30 All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, 1 May 14 California. and Ilri tih Columbia.. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE TRAFFIC RECEIPTS FOR THE WEEK. Miles Opened. Receipts. Railways. 1864. 1863. Belfast and N. Counties 136 136 Belfast and County Down 49 49 Blyth and Tyne 2B 23 Bristol and Exeter l2l} 121} Caledonian Cockermouth& Workington B4 8} Cork and Bandon 2O 20 Cork, Blackrock, & Passage Cork 33 31e Cork and Youghal Cornwall 651 634 Deeside l7 17 Dublin & Belfast Junction 63 63 Dublin and Drogheda 75 63 Dublin and Meath Dub. & Wicklow and Wextd 9l} 18} Edinburgh and ‘-lasgow 173 169} Furness, &c 5O 5a Glasgow & South-Western Gt. Eastern,Nrfk.,&E.Union Great Northern 353 351 Great North of Scotland 5B 58 Ut. Northn. & Westn. (Irel.) 7ll 714 Gt.Soutlin. & Westn.(lrlnd.) 373} 329 Great Western 1056} 10564 Inverness & Aberdeen June B6} 86 1 Inverness & Perth Junction 119 k Irish North-Western 145 145 Lancashire & Yorkshire 4o2' 8954 Limerick and Ennis... 244 24t Limerick and Foynes 261 26} Llanelly 464 461 London & North-Western London and Blackwall 5l London & South-Western Lond. Brighton, &S. Coast 2slt 250 London, Chatham, & Dover 72} 72} Do. Metropolitan Extension 10} 5} Man.,Sheffield,&Lincolnsh Ranch. S.J un.& Altrincham 9} 9} Ilaryport and Carlisle Metropolitan Midland (incl. N.-Western) 641 630 Midland G t•Westn, of hind 259} 259} llonkland 7l} 714 Monmoutlish. Rail. & Canal 44 44 North British, Edin., Perth and Dundee N-Eastern and Stock. & Darl 1095 North London 9 North Staffordshire 251 Oswestry and Newton 5O Rhymney l9} St. Helen's Canal & Railway 52 Scottish Central Scottish North-Eastern l3B Somerset and Dorset 66 South Devon ..., . 75} South-Eastern 306 Taff Vale 57 Ulster Vale of Clwyd Vale of Neath 32} Waterford and Kilkenny 3l Waterford and Limerick 77 West Cornwall 27} W. ilaxtlepool Harbr.&itaiL W'haven,Cleator,& Egrmut 7 Whitehaven Junction l3 Whitehaven & Furness Jun 35 FOREIGN AND COLONIAL. ' Antwerp and .Rotterdam 52 Austrian B2B Bahia and San Francisco Belgian Eastern J unction 26 Bombay, Baroda, & Cen. India 185 Buffalo and Lake Huron l6l Detroit and Milwaukie lB9 Dutch Rhenish Eastern Bengal Eastern of France 1135 East Indian Grand Trunk of Canada lO9O Great Indian Peninsula s'3 Great Luxembourg 134 Great Southern of India Li teat Western of Canada.— Madras 447 Madrid, Saragossa &Alicant 650 Northern of Canada .......• • • 91 Northern of France 697 Norwegian Trunk Ottoman .. 4B} Paris, Lyons, & Mediterrn lBO5 Paris and Orleans 1614 Pernambuco 7 74 Royal Danish 69 Sambre and Meuse . . 68 South Austrian .. . . 1527 Scinde Southern of France .... 770 Victorian 196 Welland . 1D... 25 West Flanders 75 W. and N.W. of France. 932 1864. 1863. X £ 2,1?3 2,C83 713 686 1,981 1,410 6,623 6.573 17,715 15.760 293 301 350 353 181 191 503 JOS 1,728 1,401 '299 279 1,286 9,311 1,5:8 1.612 283 165 3,081 2,c , 63 8,3/2 8,132 3,433 2,828 9,367 8,627 33,821 27,914 32,401 26,914 1,754 1,863 555 536 8.882 8 567 61,877 57.377 1,376 1,101 1,384 1030 1,091 37,r 13 32,486 191 200 135 igi 685 66.5 99,834 90,995 1,859 1,793 22,132 21,798 17,899 17,693 5,207 414 t J,4 9 450 18,418 14,785 1,333 1,251 1,605 1.352 2,095 1,940 46,76 t 39,817 9,4(i7 5,402 1,631 1.183 3,029 2,614 4101 1079 f 9 254 138 394 754 305 1051 10 251 31 12,885 12,350 58,821 53,287 3,441 3,090 8,&8 8,285 1,135 1,092 1,037 I,GOt 2,266 2,052 5,7;0 5,099 5,165 5,156 655 '349 3.664 3,478 '20,441 18,: 93 5,b36 5,633 2,543 2,468 156 131 2,890 1.936 '305 309 1,526 1,559 947 844 4,374 2.971 853 7:1 1,169 880 1,030 811 48} 17i3 1404 1474 105 680 196 1,357 1, 1 32 28,607 28,459 525 _ 34 2'5 2,480 1,904 2,108 1.418 6,036 3,994 4,490 3,89 62,732 55,842 27,799 18,887 19,06 14,614 14,088 8, 82 4,225 4,620 451 474 13,498 11,085 4,431 3.821 18,415 V?, 75 1 . 5, 8 2,112 52,842 50,504 944 919 411 375 70,258 65,009 1,011 1,130 1,402 1.435 50,932 48,151 26,388 23,06 11,191 10,097 1,077 985 44.018 42,010 [ADVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Pills.--Excellent Re vivers.—The resources of medicine and chemistry were long and fruitlessly tried before they yielded a remedy which could overcome disorders of the stomach and nerves, 011 Professor Holloway discovered his purifying and tonic Pills. They are the safest and Eurest correctives of indi gestion, heartburn, flatulency, torpidity of the liver, twitch ings, nervous fancies, despondency, low spirits, and de clining strength. Holloway's Pills supersede all erroneous actions in the body, and so strengthen and support the system, that disease departs, and leaves the patient little, it at all, shaken. This is the grand aim and object of medical art—to regulate disordered functions without damaging the constitution by the remedy; and admirably is this end attained by Holloway's Pills. Births. BELLAMt.—On the 7th inst., at Streatham, the wife of C. Bellamy, Eaq., of a daughter. CANDLER.—On the sth inst., a t O xford Villa, Queer's road, 6t, Johns-wood, the wife of Eugene Candler, EN., of a son and two daughters. Comh—On the 3d inst., at Clifton, York, the wife of W. H. Cobb, Esq., o f a d aughter. PEEL—On the 6th inst., at 70, Eaton-place, Mrs, Arthur W. Peel, of a daughter. )- Persons who have been in the habit of paying weekly as borrowers of Sewing Machines will do well to apply at once and become members of Messrs. Watts and Co.'s Sewing Machine Clubs. By so doing they will not only save the money they now foolishly throw away, but at the same time secure to themselves the possession of one of the best and most celebrated sewing machines In the world. Every in formation given on application ; or by letter addressed, with a stamped envelope, to Messrs. Watts and Co., 12, Beaufort buildings, Strand, London, W.C., where mem rs are en rolled daily between 10 and 4; Saturdays, 10 and t [ADVERTISEMENT.]—COnSUMptiOn, all nervous, bilious, liver, and stomach complaints, in every stage, are only ag gravated and accelerated by drugs of every description, but perfectly curable by Du Barry's health restoring Revalenta Arabica Food, as proved by thousands of cases which had been considered hopeless. We quote a few.--Cure No. 62,914. Miss Lange, 18 years of age, cured after the medical men had abandoned all hopes of her recovery from the last stage of pulmonary consumption, with fearful cough, expectoration, exhaustion, spittng of blood, perspirations, hollow cheeks, emaciated to a skeleton. She is now, thank God, a perfectly healthy, blooming; fleshy g,irl,--N. Lange, Commissaire de Police. Cure, No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frindep Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, sad partial deafness.—Cure, No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous faxcies.—Cure, No. 54,816. The Rev. James T. Camisbell, FakenbAna; Norfolk, of indigestion and torpidity of thp liver, which had resisted all medical reatment. 4D, tole, 11b, 2s 64; 21b, 45 6d; 61b, l a w 118; 121 b, 225; 241 b, 40s. Barry du Barry and Co., No. 77 1 _on: Printed and Priaiished by WILLIAM ANDREWO. Regent-street, London ; also Fortnum and Mas"- , of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tan Sim Office No. 312, .- k eneivro Pad clieraifito iLI eye ry tQwn ; and all Strand, In the Precinct of the Savoy, in the WWII' qt v olle thaited liiilg49zu WY 8,1564, Marriages. BEA LE — CmLD.--On the 3d inst., at All Sainte', Upper Norwood, Edward John Beak, Esq., of High Holborn, and Teddington, to Susannah Jane, second daughter of Thomas Child, Esq., of Ilfracombe. WORMS—TonEsco.—On the sth inst., at Vienna, Hetr Worms, Esq., of Park-crescent, Portland ace, 0 Fanny, eldest daugh ter o f the Chevalier Edouard l do Todesco, of Vienna, Deaths. Bnowrtn.---On the 4th inst., at Oxford. terrace, Itydo park, Major G. F. S. Browne, Madras Staff Corps, aged 37. COOPER.—On the 2d inst., Miss Mary Ann Cooper, of Waltham-lane, Waltham Abbey, Essex, aged 71. CRIPPs.---On the sth inst., Joseph Cripps, E sq ., J.P., De Montfort-square, Leicester, aged 70. HYDE.—On the sth inst., at Ir opington, near Cambridge,Orlando Hyd e , Esq., aged 53. SMITH—On the sth inst., at 281, Strand, Chas. Fox Smith, aged 61. SMITH.—On the ad inst., at Palmer's-green, Southgate, Thomas Smith, Esq., and of ritfield-street, London, aged 60. r. I