The Sun. — London, England, 1863-08-10 00:00:00

by many have been criticised most invidiously, HS THE ATRE. ER MAJESTY' GRAND FXTRA FINAL Pl -RFoßmAlicE FOR And to some extent not unreasonably, would it TH BENEFIT OF Mr. MAPLESON. THIS EVENING (Monday), Aug. loth, will be performed have been thus looked upon—that is, had General Verdi's favourite Opera,TROVA.T ORE. FOREY'S sword carved an Imperial Throne ou t o f IL the Presidential chair in Mexico, say for his Impe- The Terminating with the " Miserere." c4, m following is the powerful cast :-31anrieo,, Boast Il rial Highness the Prince NAPOLEON ! In Conte di Luna. Mr. Santley ; Ferrando, Sig. „ Sig. soldi ; Un Zin., aro, Sig. Casaboni ; Azu xna,_l,ldi e.electing the Austrian Archduke MAXIMILIAN, Catholic Trebelli ; Ines, Madame Corsi ; and Leonora, hiVe. piens. After which, Weber's celebrated Overture to ,E oh,T, To conclude with the Second Act (the renowned Garden Mexico has secured for herself a Catholic Sovereign. FAUST. Scene) of hlarg,herita, hldlie. Titiens ; Marta, Mdlle. Taccani ; And an Austrian Prince has been chosen thus by 3lephistophiles, Sig. Boast ; and Faust, Sirr. Giuglini. Conductor, ARDiTI. Mexico, at the very time when the Viennese Restrictions to Evening Dress not enforced. Commence at Eiiht o'clock. Government is beginning to be regarded with the :—Gallery, 2s ; Pit, Is ; Boxes, 5s ; Dress Circle, 7s ; Orchestra Stills. 128 6d; Private Boxes from Half-a-Guinea most favour in Europe, among the more earnest uow d ; Pit Tier Boxes, to hold tour, Two Guineas. M c >,, rs -olldce of the T heatre (under the superintendence of Mr. lovers of, and believer s in, Constitutional Monarchy ictezent) o- en this day from Ten till Sx. Tickets als )to be —as the hest of all form s o f G overnmen t. To the o btained, in the evenings, at the special offi_es o pen at the e ntrance of the Pit and Grand Tiers. disrupted Republican institutions of North America, the announcement of Mexico's transformation into an Empire, under the sceptre of his Majesty MAXIMILIAN 1., cannot possibly be regarded other wise than as "a heavy blow and great discourage ment !" Upon Austria itself the effect of this choice of one of her Archdukes as the future Emperor of a State conquered by the sword of France, cannot, on the other hand, but be one tending to draw Austria and France more than ever har moniously together. A result, that, obviously, very propitious, at this moment, for the Poles ! These are among the principal reasons, though they are by no means the only reasons, why we conceive the t h a Election, by Mexico, of the E m p eror t we are authorised to regard with complacency NEW E ATRE-RO YAL, ADELPHI.-- Sole Proprietor and Manazer. Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, THE IRISH TIGER. After which, at Eight o'clock, a new drama, entitled THE .11ACNTED MAN; OR, T iiE GHOST'S i3ARGrAIN, in which wail be exhibited Professor Pepper's adaptation of the Great Spectral Illusion. Messrs. .1. L. Toole, It. Phillips, Sefton. C. J. Smith; Mrs. Alfred Mellon and Miss H. Simms. Followed by a new Burlesque, entqled ILL-TREATED IL TROVATORE. Messrs. Toole, P. Bedford, R. Phillips, Ebnrne, C. J. Smith, Romer; the Sisters Nelson, Carry and Sara, and Miss .11. Kelly. Registrar-General lift t ou of t t o h f e th it e e r tu an rn k s o o f f m t e h re e The value and importancehem dry figures into matterwfohriehgetnheeryalgcivonesiudsearafftoirodns. The sound basis of fact a foundation to most important theories, and guards us alike against extravagant credulity or dangerous indifference. We are enabled to detect the first symptoms of any great epidemic without waiting till the insidious foe is already in our midst. We can take those hygienic precautions which are of more value than medicine, in the same degree that prevention is better than cure, In the case of the recent prevalence of small-pox we were enabled, thanks to our accurate system of registra tion, to remark the increasing number of deaths as soon as the disease began to spread, and to take im mediate steps to enforce the practice of vaccina tion, to which modern society owes so much. The attention of the proper authorities would not have been directed to the real evil while idle gossips and lovers of horrible tales would have circulated fear ful rumours among the ignorant and timorous, thus increasing the danger by spreading the panic. As regards the births and marriages, too, the informa tion thus acquired is very useful. It affords a test of our national welfare, which is generally tole rably correct; and the social economist can form a pretty good judge of the internal state of the coun try from its records. In England this year there is a considerable increase in the marriages on those of the same quarter in the last two years. It will be remembered that last year a considerable dimi nution in their number was perceptible in Lanca shire—a fact which it was not difficult to trace to the prevailing distress. It is therefore satisfactory, as vindicating at all events the prevalence of a hope for better times coming, to find them again increasing, the numbers for the corresponding quarters being 5,431, 4,887, and 5,245, the figures for this year thus nearly amounting to those for 1861. The principal increase is to be found in Liver pool and West Derby, which are furthest removed from the depressing area of the cotton famine, but it is satisfactory to notice a considerable increase in the numbers of Manchester and Salfold. According to this evidence, Manchester, the best qualified to judge, does not despair of the fortunes of the county, and we trust it will not be long before such sanguine anticipations will prove to have been well founded. The high rate to which the emigration statistics have risen is doubtless due to the influence of the distress. In the half-year ending at Midsummer no less than 121,096 quitted the country, the greater part being bound for the United States, which, under existing circumstances, appears to be somewhat singular. The number for the quarter is 83,290, an amount sufficient, one would think, to satisfy Mr. FERRAND and the other advisers of wholesale deportation of the unemployed masses. The birth rate is satisfac tory, as showing the rapid rate at which our popu lation is steadily increasing. The number in the quarter was more than that of last year by nearly 4,000. In the metropolis alone there were nearly 26,000 in the thirteen weeks. It is not surprising to find a decrease in Lancashire and Cheshire. There has been so much said about the ill health of London lately, that the actual facts will be looked for with some interest. It seems that after two years of improved public health the mortality in creased last autumn, and has remained at a high rate ever since. The average for the three quarters ending in June is 2.191 per cent., whereas in the last nine months it has been 2 . 313 per cent., and it is singular that this increase is not confined to one part, but is spread throughout the country. We are not sur prised, for instance, to find the manufacturing dis tricts suffering from an unusually heavy mortality, but the distress in the cotton districts has not happily affected the genera l trade and prosperity of the country sufficiently to render that an expla nation of the high death rate elsewhere. Neither is it due to one particular ailment. Measles, usually ranked among the mildest of zymotic diseases, has been remarkably fatal is the manatee- Commence at 7. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE Manager, Mr. W. H. Swanborough. To-NIGHT WHILE THERE'S LIFE THERE'S HOPE. Messrs. W. H. Swanborough, Parselle, Vollaire, G. Honey; Misses Ada Swanborough, L. Thorne, F. Hughes, Manders, and E. Button. Followed by (21b time) THE MOTTO, "I'M 'ALL THERE." Messrs. Honey, Turner, E. Danvers, Collier, Clifton ; Mesdames Ada Swanborough, F. Josephs, Maria bimpson, Wallace, ane Jenny White. To conclude with KEEP YOUR TEMPER. Commence at 7. T HE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN." Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, can be had Every Evening of G. R. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, llyde-park. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tins Dar.—Morning, 11h. sm.—Afternoon, 11h. 40m. To-moßsow.-Morning, —h. —m.—Afternoon, 1211. ISm. The Weather—Sun Office, Aug• 10, 1863. THEIMOUETER. This morning Titis_day at Two o'clock Si Barometer -30. 06 . Wind—S. ; fine. „4„, -- - tijg, LONDON, MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 1863, Looking through the Mexican intelligence, has been of late, and, for that matter, still is, for al, the world like peering through the tube of a kalei. doscope. With the same materials—as valueless, some of them, as so many little bits of coloured glass—the changes are so total, so rapid, so very bewildering, and yet, each of them in turn, to all appearance so complete in itself, and in a manner so exceedingly symmetrical Even the momentary crises of anarchy—when, like chips of bead and bugle, the political nonentities of the hour, there, have been recognised, as it were, in the very act of changing places—Mexico has presented to view a certain picturesqueness. JUAREZ and his rivals, poussetting and balanceieg, to the right, to the left, hands across, and more frequently still at daggers drawn, up the middle and down again, have presented to view the Mexicans themselves, in the first instance, like the Christmateeve company in Mr. .Fezziww's country dance "in various stages of affectionate grouping,"—sometimes it may be allowed, also, in various stages of grouping any thing but affectionate ! Afterwards came the tripartite intervention. Eagland and France, with Spain, projecting at first a joint interposition be tween the belligerents. Abandoned, as some might say, left in t'ae lurch, by her sometime associates in the enterprize, France perseveres as France is, under the like circumstances generally in the habit of persevering. And, although, in thus per severing, she alone remained consistent in re spect to the enterprize, France immediately learns that a change has come over the spirit of the dream of her Mexican project, so far as any change could possibly be effected in it, by the somewhat perverse withdrawal of all further sympathy on the part of one at least of her two intending associates. General FOREY lands with his expeditionary force, a force consisting of some of the picked troops of the first military nation in the world. The Mexican anarchists are expected by most observers—particularly by those numbering themselves among the more enthusiastic believers in French Prowess—to succumb almost imme diately upon the advance inland of the in vading army of Frenchmen. Time elapses, however, and nothing whatever of the kind occurs. The republican soldiers of JUAREZ are still, there, in arms—unconquered. So far from gaining any brilliant success at the outset of his Mexican campaign, General FOREY appears to stumble into a succession of difficulties. One blow is parried after another. When they are not actu ally parried they are evaded. Ominous rtemours come floating eastwards across the Atlantic. The French are announced to have been driven back — are stated at length (and that, moreover, pretty coefidently) to have been actually defeated with a s anguinary loss. Suddenly, however, after delay upon delay, these ugly and sinister misstatements a " awept aside altogether as misstatements Clea rly and definitively demonstrated. General Fee t tT, girding up his Joins—all things being pre pared--advances inland at the pas d'charge. And, as s NA2°L. e°N' ateb , u _ onth good fortune will have it, immedi- P by p ' ar ia at l e very morrow of the perverse rejection solitary e, the Imperial candidates without one %ion—come to th e E MPEROR a t Fon tainbl eae of the Fall the very nick of ti me , t h e t idi ngs unex 0; Puebla. They come so su dd en l y, so pectedly, so lii onportunely of the FRE N for the Emperor at they h ave a l l the effect of a coup de theat re. of rat Afterwards, almost as abruptly after a little • diate tidings also pause, come Mexico itself. The vintorio Fall of the city of earliest of his exulting us d general, in o ne o f th e "Patch es • cer tain amount of hyperbol , indulges in a e , that is i n the descrip tion of the popular enthusiasm of th e II . the arrival of the victors, a.descriph • ex.cans on on too very dispatch of General FeetEv a ruing that st° the I Minister at Paris. This triumphant des patch e Im per i al French General talking, as may be remeaa, the ---..eeed of the French soldiers as " crushed" under the weig ht the tho bouquets and garlands showered doe, n up on them from the windows, as they marched into the captured city. to shouts of " Vivo l'E mpereur, i !" Now, as the very latest t i ew , from Mexico, come ringing to us across the Atlantic, other cries of " Viva l'Empereur !" But, this time, the EMPEROR whose name is tiles sons who were killed is—not l Si EmperoreP oo The • ardently greeted by th evidelate t aken at LEON 111 It is the the M newly-elected xicans t he inquest upon the per- Mexico the Emperor MAXIIIIILIAN I! The Aus- and H uns at the accident on the Lynn tantou %lima Diplomacy has been be done to avoid the re Y Proves that much may Irian Archduke, whose brows DiP curr et ,,, " . . crowns, has at last The Rector of So uth of similar casualties. striving to measure for so ma ny Wootton them a ll fitted to on both sides was ver Stated that th e l an d had the most imperial among Y tench used Whether or not to bullocks, and horses, and he for grazing sheep, them—it yet remains to be seen w• had v iv i e , on the line. "He considered seen heifers his own entire satisfaction. the fenc e once Mr. BLOMFIELD'S land from the • e separating In some respects, it may be admitted at railway es that the selection is eminently satisfactory. Had f y ectl inadequate to keep the bullocks 4 3 per off the li ne any scion of the Imperial dynasty of All the other evidence corrohorat-d this awe. • France been elected to the throne of Mexico, the ment , azd there f or e it w ill be evident that ee choice might have been, would aircoz; certainly time is to be lox: in immediately rectifying t 6 been, locked upon with jealousy. I; would paispi2s that have led to gull h 4 'l4l ZClalt4r• A Wring districts, nearly one-fourth of the total_. of deaths being in some parts attributed to it. This is so singular that it is worth special attention. It is to be feared t ha: a rEduced state of the system consequent upon the distress of the last eighteen months has something to do with it. But while measles are killing people in Lancashire, small-pox is busy in London, 788 deaths being registered in the quarter. It is time that the authorities should sec that the laws respecting vaccination are strictly enforced, and the importance of this precaution more fully shown to the ignorant and prejudiced. Mr. MARSON, the surgeon of the Small-pox and Vac cination Hospital at Highgate, who is well quali fled from his experience to give reliable information, found that when small-pox attacked persons who had not been vaccinated it killed one iu every three, whereas vaccination reduced the mortality to one in 15. The virulence of the diseasa is abated in every way, but it is important to know that much depends on the manner in which the operation is performed. We have to thank these records for collecting much v a l ua bl e i n f ormat i on, an d f or en abling th e public to guard against many dangers to the general health. • r NMilmmoiiillll6l THE SUN, LON It is very satisfactory to notice that the distin guished members of the French medical profession are raising their protest against the disgraceful practice of vivisection. The conduct of the EMPEROR in this respect has been most praiseworthy. Some time since a deputation from the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals waited upon him, and explained to him the great extent to which this pernicious custom was carried on in France. The EMPEROR promised to give this subject his attention, and he has done so. If the result be that this cruelty is out down, a great benefit will have been conferred on the people by the prohibition. Nothing demoralises or deteriorates the mind more than such revolting acts of cruelty. Those who are callous at first become downright brutes as they proceed, and those who at first shrunk back become hardened at the repeated efforts. The excuse given, that such a course is necessary, is quite absurd. The fact is that those who uphold such practices do it for the love of the thing itself. They delight in experiments, and it is in the cause of scientific discovery that such tortures are inflicted, and not for the sake of the benefit of their fellow-creatures. The perpetrators of such acts profane the name of the humanity they profess to serve. Nothing can justify the infliction of such atrocious cruelty, and the best answer to the untenable reason, that it is done to gain knowledge, is that right cannot come from wrong. The worst is that the same animal is kept for fresh experiments instead of being killed at once after the tortures inflicted. It would be only right to render such revolting acts impossible by the stringent exercise of the law. It is a disgrace to any civilised country in which such deeds are enacted. No one possessed of right feeling in or out of the profession but will raise his voice against the practice, and no one has yet clearly defined or fully proved any known benefit that has ever been gained to society by such horrors. The ignorant are taken in by the dogmatic assnrarca of the learned that it is neces sary, but those skilled torturers would find it very difficult to make the experienced believe in the necessity. It is not altogether an idle belief that encourages one to hope that the worst is over in this horrible practice, and that a stop will speedily be put to the practice of vivisection that has so long continued in France. When one of the chief members of a profession sets his face against any custom, a great step is gained in the right direction. Insteaa of proving beneficial to the young surgeon eenr,eysasnusdnu unfit such feoh r displays, whaisn such c ae h rt in i oe n ul d ty i rtaefni must after-life. ru e et o to render brutal in him torture, u i v r t -life. To deaden all sympathy with suffering, and to harden the mind to all consideration, is not at all the way to fit one for walking through the world amid scenes of trouble and anguish, wherever "mankind and misery are found." The thousand ills tha flesh is heir to are sufficiently trying in themselves to endure without the professor of medicine, who issent for to minister to the afflicted, regarding all . ... _ pain as a joke, and considering the intensest torture a good opportunity for making observations. Such would be the result of the continuous practice of vivisection, and it is highly to the credit of all con cerned in putting down this disgraceful practice in France. No one who atrtves to assist in this good cause will ever regret the trouble that has been taken, or consider that he has not conferred a benefit on all concerned. A POSTHUMOUS OPERA BY MARSCRSER is abon to appear at Vienna. CHARLOTTE CORDAY'S POLITICAL WORKS, iII chiding all her letters, edited " par un Bibliophile Nor. wand," is the title of a small volume just published. TWO NEW DRAMAS are announced by Victor Hugo : " Torquemada" and " The Twins." GOUNOD, it is said, has finished another opera, which is first to be performed at the beginning of the winter season in Paris. It is called " MireiJle ; the text by Mistral and Carre ; the scene in Spain. A NOVEL BY M. ALEXANDER DUMAS Will 80013 appear embodying the leading facts of Lady Hamilton's life, and called "Emma Lyons." A PART-SONG BY THE VETERAN METHFESSEL, now in his eightieth year, bet, unhappily, deaf, was exe cuted recently at Brunswick in his presence, with every imaginable German musical ovation. THE prize of the French Academy for Eloquence for the year 1861 has "L'Eloge de Chateaubliand " for its subject. THE RENAN-LITERATURE iS swelling up in proportion to the demand for his work, there having ap peared, among commentaries upon it very recently :—" Re ponse a M. Renan sur la Vie de Jesus,' " par un Libre Croyant ;;," Le Livre de AI. E. Renan sur la Vie de Jesus," par M. Laurentie; "Lecon preliminaire a M. Renan sur la Vie de Jesus," par l'A.bbe M. Michon ;" " Une Echappee sur la 'Vie de J63ue' d'Ernest Renan," par Frederic des Granges. Mr. WALLIS, the painter of the "Death of Chattertcn" (lately difToEed Of at the sale of the late L. A. Egg, E.A., for £300), has recently returned from a long sejlurn in Italy, where he has been engaged in makiag studies of the people and scenery of the southern half of the Peninsula. Mr. HERBERT'S first fresco in the Westminster Palace is within a week of e,ompletion. The subject is "Moses giving the Lim to the Israelites," It is said to have been most elaborately studied, the painter having sought to indicate even the season of the year a n d the hour of the day in which this great d.livery of the law was ac complished. WEBER'S ACCOUNT OF THE FIRST NIGTIT OP lIIs ERON—In one of those delightful and pathetic letters to his "Lim," which relate his Eng lis h experiences— " My best beloved Ottroline l" be says, "through God's g race and assistance, I have this evening met with the most con t . plete success. The brilliancy and affecting nature of the triumph are indescribable. God alone be thanked for it I When I entered the orchestra, the whole of the house, which was filled to overflowing, rose up, and I was saluted by huzzas, and waving of hats and handkerchiefs, which I thought would never have done. They insisted on encor ing the overture. Every air was interrupted twice or thrice with bursts of applause. . . . So much for this night, v dear life, from your heartily tired husband, who, er, could not sleep in peace till he had contmuniego 5-91 1 , t - 13 4uew Wtfig.ilag 9i iIOYOP, GooA Pilfl4t great part of the evil consists in delaying necessary work, and also in disputing which party is to undertake the necessary alterations. It would seem that the company, in one place, had put up a fence four and a half feet high, owing to the representation of one who farmed the l an d along the side of the railway where the acci dent hap pened. What a pity that they did not go on, and put up barriers wherever any likely to be grazing, and thus p revent the possi bility of any accident occurr ing ;at the same an imals were time the expense cou ld not be so considerab!e as to prevent the occ u p iers of ground in the immediate vicinity of railwa y s from themselves The fact is, that both sides undertaking the task . s urely this terrible misfortune awrielltrlaakethem blame , and bitterly regret the ill-saved trouble an d expense of putting up fences. The obloquy of the affair will rest with the neighbourhood in which the accident happened ; but exactly the same blame attaches itself to all parts of the country, ' wherever trains are passing to and fro, and the same shortsightedness prevails in making the need ful preparations for guarding against such events. Besides those killed, many persons have been seriously injured, and perhaps for the remainder of their lives will have cause to regret their ill-starred journey on this occasion. It was to an excursion train that the accident occurred; but there does not appear to have been any of those mistakes and blunders made that two years ago (sensed so much confusion in this special kind of traffic, and created so much trouble and suffering in so many quarters. The sole cause of the disaster was the want of due foresight on the line, and that indifference is shared by so many persons residing in the neighbourhood of railways that it is to be earnestly hoped that this sad occurrence will serve as a warning that they will turn to good account. EVENING, AUGUST 10, 1803, LATEST INTELLIGENCE. 1 RECOGNITION OF REVOLTED STATES. (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) THE POLISH INSURRECTION. CRACOW, AUG. 10. An engagement took place on the sth at Polichnia, in the Palatinate of Lublin, in which the insurgent under Krysinski and Wagner were victorious. They pursued the Russians for a distance of two miles. The loss of the insurgents was considerable. Russian troops are moving from Janow and Krasnystaw. The Poles are likewise concentrating their forces, and a battle is expected in consequence. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. _ . Sir,—The effects of the non -recognition of the Confederate States will ba a war lasting for years, carried on by the invaders in a barbarous manner, disgraceful to humanity and Christianity, the con tinued starving of the operatives of Lancashire and Lyons, and the injury of Europe as well as of the belligerents. Why does England not recognise the South ? Not from any feeling of right and justice, but from the cowering of Earl Russell to the braggadocio of the North and his pandering to the Bright and Cobden party at home—and that after his own statement that the North are fighting for empire and dominion. That the Confederate States are united as one to win their independence, we have ample proofs in the fact of man, woman, and child being ready to die for their country, and in Mr. Vallandigham's address to the men of Ohio, that he did not meet a single Unionist in the South. There was not the same unanimity in France when Lord Palmerston recognised the empire, which was right, as the greater portion of France willed it, though Earl Rus&ell dismissed him from the Foreign-office. for so doing. In France there were Republicans, Orlean ists, and Legitimists. In the Confederate States all are Confederates. Earl Russell recognised the kingdom of Italy. Why, then, should not the South meet with the same treatment? The English people aro lovers of fair play, and cannot refuse to our own flesh and blood what they have granted to foreigners. X.Y.Z. GERMANY. VIENNA, AUG. 10. Twenty-one German Princes, including the Grand Duke of Baden, have accepted the Emperor the pr o p ose d C ongress at of Frankfort. Austria's invitation to According to the programme of the Emperor, the proposed National German Assembly would be composed of an Upper and a Lower House. The former would be composed of the German princes, the latter of members of the Diets of States belong ing to the German Confederation. INDIA AND CHINA MAILS. MARSEILLES, AUG. 9. The Messageries Imperiales steamer, with the above mails, passed off Messina on the Bth, and is expected to arrive at this port on the 10th inst., with 69 passengers, 1,054 packages of sundries, and 980 bales of silk. FRANCE. PARIS, Monday, AIM. 10, The Emperor arrived at Pin on Saturday last. An immense concourse of people, more Clan 100,000, were present, who cheered his Majesty. The greatest enthusiasm was manifested. Le Pays observes that, although the Archduke Maximilian has hastened to express his thanks to the French Emperor for his Imperial Majesty's con gratulations upon the Archduke's nomination by the Junta as Emperor of Mexico, his Imperial Highness fails to indicate, even by a single phrase, whether he consents or not to that nomination. L'Opinion N a ti ona l e regar d s the occasion a s highly favourable to the development of a Franco- Austrian alliance. .Le Constitutionnel speaks of the enthusiasm with which the Emperor has been received by the popu lation throughout the whole of his recent trip into Normandy, BOURSE, Au g. B.—Th e mar ket continues heavy, but without an y f urt h er mater i a l d ec li ne ,—Th rees , for the Account, being now at 67f. 30c. Railway Share Market without animation. The market closed as follows : It per Cent 5....... 96 45 Italian Loan 7l 90 Do. end month.... Do. end month 7l 95 3 per Cents ...... 67 45 New ditto Do. end month.... 67 45 Do. end month.... 72 20 Credit Mobilier....loBo Russian Do. end m0nth....1075 Austrian Bank Shares ...... 3365 Spanish Threes 53 Credit Fonder ....1245 Rome Debt RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. OrTeams ....... 3.017 50 .. 1017 Northern ............ ... 092 50 .. 987 50 New ditto ............... 50 -- Lyona.d.!e.d.i.terr7nean I(4T 4 50 10 9 2 2 0 Genevaso Southern .............. ........ 690 ---• • 695 Western .............. 5 25 Eastern . ..... 500 • • 495 Sardinian ...... .............. 412 50 .. 410 Austrian ............ 425 .. 428 25 Lombard .............. 550 • • 559 North of Spain ....... 543 75 .. 542 50 Saragossa....... 680 680 Ditto to Barcelon . a . :, . 352 50 .. 357 50 THE GERMAN REFORM QUESTION. VIENNA, Ang. 6. Imperial R oya l Apostol i c The Me 7 • ner eztung of this day cont ains th e 'ollowin g i mportant official com munication :—" His Majesty fort), by has addressed autograph lett ers , b ea ring date Vienna, July 318 t, to all the S overe i gns who are members of the Ger man Confed era ti on and to the Senates of the four free cities (H am burg, Bremen, Lubeck, and Frank which letters the German Confederates are invited to meet his Majesty in person , in order that the question relative to a re-organisation of the Blind, w hich shall be in accordance with the spirit of the Limps, may be taken into con sideration. His Majesty proposes that the Federal city of Frankfort shall be the place of assembly, Fridayhich arela last. 35. The i n number, niissiv e and that the first sitting shall be held oa the 16 th of this present month or four sia w weeksawas presented of August." The letters in qu estion, w were written some three addressed theyw ere tnot the signed King i u ng of Prussia the Emperor in person , as his Ma j est y wished to give his Royal relative a special proof of hi s good will and kindly feeling s towards him. A person who saw the two Mon archs mee t at Gastein says that the King of Prussi a had tears in his eyes when room he shook hands with an d em braced the Emperor, and that the Austrian M onar ch also displayed som e t emotion. Wh e n the Ring call e d on the Emperor the two Sovereigns by the retired to a John, whichand there they was once occupied remained alone for about a quarter of an hour. Th e King was accompanied by his adjutant, M. von Manteuffel, but the Emp e ror of Austria late Archduke a raw nothing of M. von Bismark until he returned his Prussian Majesty's visit. On the 2d inst. Francis Joseph of Austria dined with Frederic William of Prussia, and his Majesty's next neighbour was the in fatuated author of the Prusso-Itu ss i a n Convention of the Bth of February. Soon after dinner the Aus trian monarch returned to the villa which the Countess of Meran had Placed "at his disposal, and in the course of the evening M. von. Bismark went there to pay his respects. lam not aware whether the Prussian Minister was admitted to the presence of the Emperor, but it is probable that he was not, as his stay at the villa was very short, and he ap peared to be much out of temper when he left it, His Majesty, who is said to be in excellent spirits, returned to Schonbrunn late in the evening of Tuesday, the 4th inst. The 16th instant is likely to be a very important day for Germany, for on it the Emperor of Austria, who id at the head of the German Bund, will in person bring forward a project for its reform. Men in office profess to know little or nothing of the intentions of his Majesty, but a foreign diplomatist has given me to understand that the following are the principal features of the Austrian project of reform :-1. Germany to have representative insti tutions like those possessed by Austria; 2. The German Parliament to consist of two Chambers— the upper one to be a House of Peers, the lower one a Chamber of Deputies. The Upper House to be partly composed of persons nominated by the different German potentates, the Lower House to be formed of deputies elected by the representa tives of the people in the various German Mates. 3. Oniy those Austrian and Prussian provinces which are part and parcel of the federal territory to have a right to send representatives to the Ger man Parliament. 4. The method of proceediog in federal matters to be simplified. 5. Au efficient executive power to be established. Such power either to consist of the representatives of Austria, Prussia, and Bavaria, or of the representatives of Austria, Prussia, Bavaria, Wurtemberg, Saxony, Hanover. As the ex-Minister Count Bernstorff de- dared that Prussia wished to exclude Austria from the Germanic) Confederation, it is not likely that the Austrian propositions will find favour at Berlin, but the German nation so ardently desires a reform of the Bund that it will hardly be inclined to attend to the special interests and bye-ends of the Prus- Ia my opinion, a well-organized, powerful, and independent German Confederation would be a great boon to the world at large, as it would be a guarantee for the maintenance of the representa tive system in the Federal States and a safeguard against the e ncroachments of napes on tha one And of RusiA on the 422: Hudson's Bay Monopoly and Canada, TO TIIE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sir,— The Canadian Parliament meeting on the 13th, no doubt the proposal of the Duke of Newcastle, through the Under-Secretary, to renew this gigantic monopoly, and grant to an irresponsible private company three-fourths of British America, will be there fully con sidered. Canada, some years ago, having sent Chief Justice Draper to oppose the renewal ofthe monopoly—exclusive privileges and lease of the Company —desired to have the country opened in colonies under the Crown, with equality to all, and exclusive privileges to none, which Lord Derby's Government intended doing, and which ought to be done. Lord Bacon says all monopolies are against the principles of the British Constitution, and are, therefore, illegal. Parliament has never sanctioned the grant of Charles the Second, which has always been questioned, though, if confined to the shores of Hudson Bay, as intended by the merry monarch, few would demur. Parliament this session has abolished the rights of fishery on our coasts and rivers, though granted some years ago by Parliament and the Crown because they were injurious to the public good and public interest. Why, then, should the Duke of Newcastle attempt to continue a monopoly that has been the incubus of British America, preventing:settlers on our priaries and driving them to the bordering ones of Minesota and Wisconsin P People will not settle under the rule of an irresponsible private company when they have our colonies and the western states free to them. So unpopular and despotic is the sway of the Hudson's Bay Company at the Red River settle ment, where the chief population lies, that the people have risen and released a prisoner against the will of the company's servants. The Duke of Newcastle is a " know-nothing" of the opinion of the Canadians and inhabitants of the Red River settlement, and must have been misled in offering to renew the monopoly. TRAVELLER. Proclamation of the Archduke Maximilian as Emperor of Mexico, The following intelligence, dated Havana, July 22, is published by the New York journals : The French transport Milan arrived here yester day from Vera Cruz, having left there on the 13th inst. She brings dates from the former capital of the Republic to the 10th inst., on which day, in the city of Mexico, was proclaimed the Empire, the Archduke Maximilian to fill the throne. The Council of Notabilities being duly assembled by a previous convocation declared unanimously, with the exception of two votes, that the Mexican nation through them selected the empire as the form of government, and through them proclaimed the Archduke Maximilian of Austria Emperor of Mexico, and that should his highness refuse the throne thus offered him, they implored the Emperor of the French to select a person in whom he had full confidence to occupy the throne of Mexico. The public proclamation of the empire of Mexico took place in that city on the 10th inst. A courier was immediately despatched to Vera Cruz, and the Milan sent off with the news. It is stated from Vera Cruz that all the towns along the route of the courier made immense manifestations of joy on the promulgation of the news, and at Vera Cruz 100 guns were fired in honour of the event. THE NEW EMPEROR OF MEXICO.—The Moniteur of yesterday says :—" The Minister cif Foreign Affairs has received from the Consul-General of France at Havana the following telegram, trans mitted from Queenstown on the Bth of August : ' Havana, July 21—By the Milan, which arrived to-night, I learn that on the 10th of July the Arch duke Maximilian was proclaimed Emporor by the Assembly of Notables held in Mexico.' " A FEEBLE REJOINDER, Perhaps the feeblest rejoinder ever penned by mortal man has just been written by the Rev. F. B. Maurice, and published in last Saturday's Spectator. It is evidently supposed to be an answer (!) to the inimitable sarcasm given in this August number of _Fraser by T. C., i,e., Thomas Carlyle, called (in Latin) "The American Iliad in a Nutshell"---an epi gram at once quoted by us from Fraser into our own columns. As a specimen of F. D. M.'s (that is, as we have said, the Itsv. F. D. Maurice's) notion of smartness in the shape of repartee, here is his very amazing rejoinder copied bodily from the Spectator of Saturday : AN EPISODE IN THE " ILIAS (AMERICANA) IN NIICE." DIALOGUE. H. (an English gentleman of great respectability, a mem ber of the Carlton) —My dear fellow, you know I wish per dition here and hereafter to all Yankees; but did you not begin this infernal row? S. (a Southern agent)—Of course we did. Everything was at stake. A scoundrel of the old country scattered books up and down the States against Gigmanity. He preached the doctrine of the old Scotch ploughman, " A man's a man for a' that." He canted about a judgment of God which came upon the French nobles of the last cen tury for denying that doctrine. Certain fools at the North fancied he was in earnest. They believed what he told them, and said that they should act upon. Idiot parsons went so far as to say that the words we use on Sunday about a person who was put to death as a slave being the corner-stone of the universe were true. Wbat could we do? It was a matter of life and death. We raised the shout for Gigmanity. We affirmed that slavery itself, not the person who suffered the death of the slave, was the corner-stone of the universe. These are our watchwords. In this cause, and not, as seine foolish friends of ours re present, to vindicate our right to hire our aervat.ts for life, we have drawn the sword and flung away the scabbard. 11. (much affected)—Erave and noble men! Champions of our interests as well as your own 1 You have not been exactly the friends of England. But we feel that we may embrace you as ours, Let us join solemnly in drinking the toast, "The Cause of Gigmrnity and Slavery, civil and re ligious, all the world over." [flip, hip 1 hurrah I and exeunt.) F. D. Viscount Palmerston still lingers in town, though it is understood the knotty political problem of the day was solved, so far as our Government is concerned, at the last Cabinet. Indeed our Foreign Secretary has already taken his departure for his shooting-lodge in Scotland. The Premier, the Home Secretary, the Duke of Somerset, and one or two other Ministers still haunt the metropolis. ARRIVAL OF A MELBOURNE ,SHlP.—Messrs. Green's ship Lady Melville, 1,000 tons, Captain Gimblett, from Melbourne, May 6, passed up channel off Plymouth on Saturday night. She brings about 120 passengers, 10 oz, of gold on freight ; 374 bales wool, and a quantity of tallow, hides, horns, copper ore, &o. Seven of her passen gas laAdad at ilymcuth by e pilot boat OJT satittday night, that ((fru/Tar HER MAJESTY. OSBORNE, August 7. The Queen drove out yesterday afternoon. Their Royal Highnesses Prince Alfred, Princess Louise, Prince Leopold, and Princess Beatrice, at _ _ _ tended by Lady C. Barrington, Lieut.• General the Hon. C. Grey, and 111ajor Cowell, embarked in the Royal yacht Fairy to be present at the Cowes Regatta. Count and Countess Gleichen dined with her Majesty in the evening. AUG. 8 Her Majesty, accompanied by her Royal High ness Princess Louise, yesterday inspected the new schools at Whippingham, no iv in course of erection by her Majesty's command. The Hon. Mrs. Bruce and Licut.-Colonel Du Plat were in attendance. AUG. 9, The Queen, Princess Helena, Princess Louise, Prince Alfred, Prince Arthur, and Prince Leopold attended Divine service this morning at Osborne. The Rev. G. Prothero officiated. The Ladies and Gentlemen in Waiting and the Household were also present. The christening of the infant Princess, daughter of his Serene Highness and her Grand Ducal High ness Prince and Princess Leiningen, took place at Osborne this afternoon. The ceremony was performed by the Rev. W. L. Onslow, chaplain and naval instructor of her Majesty's ship Racoon. The sponsors were her Majesty the Queen, her Imperial Highness Prince William of Baden (re presenting her Royal Highness the Grand Duchess of Baden), her Royal Highness Princess Helena (representing her Royal Highness the Crown Prin cess of Prussia, Princess Royal), and his Grand Ducal Highness Prince William of Baden (repre senting his Royal Highness the Duke of Saxe Coburg). Her Majesty the Queen named the child Alberta Victoria Sophie Marie Ernestine. There were also present their Serene and Grand Ducal Highnesses Prince and Princess Leiningen, their Royal Highnesses Princess Louise, Prince Alfred, Prince Arthur, Prince Leopold, and Prin cess Beatrice. The following had the honour of being invited : Count and Countess Gleichen, Lady C. Barrington, the Hon. Mrs. Bruce, the Hon. Horatia Stopford, Lieut.-General the Hon. C. Grey and 'Mrs. Grey, Colonel Sir T. M. and Hon. Lady Biddulph, Lieut.- Colonel and Mrs. Du Plat, Sir James Clark, the Rev. G. Prothero, Major Cowell, Major Eiphin stone, Mr. Buff, Dr. Hoffmeister, Miss Hildyard, Mademoiselle Bauer, Commander Simpson, Dr. Minter, and Mr. Truscott (Royal) yacht. Departure of the Queen for Germany, Her Majesty's steam yacht Fairy, Master Com mander D. Welch, arrived off the dockyard, Wool wich, on Saturday, under special orders to the Commodore Superintendent, Sir Frederick Nicolson, and commenced coaling from the Hebe hulk. The Fairy will go down to the Arsenal this morning, and berth alongside the T pier, where the arrange ments have been completed in anticipation of the arrival of her Majesty and the royal family for em barcation at low tide to-morrow evening, at 5 o'clock, as originally intended. The Queen has expressed her desire to take her departure under the strictest privacy and seclusion, consequently all applications fur admission to the Arsenal to witness the embar cation have been rejected. Orders have been issued by the heads of departments, instructing the police to arrest any persons belonging to the establishment or otherwise who may be found loitering in or about the thoroughfares during the time appointed for the Queen's arrival. The clerks and others occupying offices in the viciz.ity of the avenues lead ing to the pier are also warned not to approach the windows. The orders are to be enforced under pain of summary dismissal, and as any breach of the in structions is ordered to be rigorously dealt with, it has been suggested by the departments that the gates of the establishment shall be closed for the day at 1 p.m. The proposition to that effect is now under the consideration of the Secretary of State for War, and will not probably be issued to-day. A half-holyday, moreover, is usually granted on such occasions, and is, therefore, not without prece dent. The only persons who, it is stated, will be in attendance on the departure of the Sovereign will be Viscount Sydney, Lord Lieutenant of the county ; Col. Sir David Wood, acting Commandant at Wool wich ; Sir F. Nicolson, Commodore of the port; and Capt. Gordon, Superintendent of Stores. Ministerial Movements. Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston will leave Cambridge House to-morrow for Walmer Castle, Kent, for the autumn. The Earl Granville, the Lord President of the Council, came to town on Friday night from visiting the Earl and Countess de Grey at Studley Park, near Ripon. The noble earl will leave to morrow for Woolwich, in order to accompany her Majesty to Germany, and will remain in attendance on the Queen till her return home. The Right ion. Sir Charles Wood, with Lady Mary Wood and family, has returned to town from Yorkshire for the wedding of Miss Wood, intended to be solemnised to-morrow. The Earl de Grey returned to town on Saturday morning from Studley Park, his seat in Yorkshire, where he has been honoured by the company of the Prince and Princess of Wales. The Duke of Newcastle has been passing the week at Ryde, Isle of Wight, and the Right Hon. Thos. Milner Gibson has been yachting off the island. It is understood that the Prince of Wales wi pay Leeds a special visit. There is a rumour that Prince Napoleon is abou :o pay the King of the Belgians a visit. Lord Brougham is staying at Brougham Hall, where Mr. and Mrs. Brougham are residing. The noble and learned lord is in excellent health, and will not return to France until he goes to Cannes for the winter. Lady Brougham remains in town. The Duke of Brabant has left Brussell for Scot land, where he proposes to enjoy the sport of grouse shooting. The Duke of Somerset, the First Lord, and other leading officials of the Admiralty, will visit Portland to day on their way to pay an official visit to Devonport. Mr, Romaine left the Admiralty on Friday to join their lord ships. Rear-Admiral Eden and Rear-Admiral Lord Cla rence Paget returned to town on Frid ay evening from Ports mouth. Vice-Admiral the Hon. Sir E. Grey came to town on Saturday from Portsmouth. The Duke of Leinster left his house on Carlton House-terrace on Saturday last for Carton HOUEO, near Maynooth, Ireland. The Duchess Dowager of Beaufort and Lady Edith Somerset have arrived in London from Badminton. The Marchioness of Exeter and Lady Victoria Cecil, owing to the indisposition of the Marquis of Exeter, whose detention in town by illness has been already an nounced, have returned home from Switzerland. It will afford his lordship's friends pleasure to learn that he is much better. The Marquis and Marchioness of Ailesbury, who were on a visit to the Esrl and Countess de Grey at Studley Park, near Ripon,ldaring the visit of their Royal High nesses the Prince and Princess of Wales, have gone to Jer veaus: Abbey, accompanied by the Count and Countess Danneskiold. The Earl and Countess of Essex have left Eng land for a prolonged stay on the continent. The Earl of Wilton will come to town on Wed nesday from Cowes, Isle of Wight, for the purpose of being present at the m arr i age o f Hi s youngest daughter , Lady Alice Grey Eg er t on , with Mr. Dalrymple Des liceux, is appointed to taka place the following day. The Earl and Countess of Yarborough purpose to leave Brocklesby Park, Lincolnshire, in the course of the present week, for Scotland. MAIL STEAMERS DUE FROM AMERICA THIS WEEK.—The following vessels are due at Liverpool this week, with the mails from America, viz.: --The City of London, with dates from New 'York to the Ist inst., may be expected to reach Queenstown to-morrow (Tues day) ; the Nova Scotian, with dates from Quebec to the Ist inst., may also bo expected at Greencastle in the course of to-morrow ; and the Cunard steamer Africa, with dates from Boston to rho sth inst., and from New York, via Halifax, to the evening of the 6th inst., may be looked ' for at QleetttOiTia in the mute of sat. 4l l 3y utxt. Journey of the Prince and Princess of Wales, EDINBURGH, Saturday. Yesterday forenoon the Prince and Princess spent two hours and a half in driving through the town and visiting Holyrood Palace and the Castle. Their royal highnesses and suite left the Douglas Hotel in two open carriages and pair. All the morning a large number of people hung about in front of the hotel in the hope of seeing the royal pair, and after the carriages came to the door the multitude rapidly increased. On coming out their Royal Highnesses were loudly cheered by the crowd as their carriage moved slowly through. On reaching Princes-street the royal party drove east by Waterloo-place, Re gent-road, and Abbey -hill to Holyrood. Here the Prince had the opportunity of showing the Princess the palace of his ancestors on the Scottish throne. With the apartments of Queen Mary the Princess appeared deeply interested, and examined with much attention the relics and memorials of the Stuarts that are preserved there. The royal party also visited the picture gallery, with its long line of kings painted to order, and with its more recent accession of some genuine royal portraits of the 15th century. They were next shown the apart ments of her Majesty Queen Victoria, and lastly the beautiful but ruined chapel. Their Royal High nesses were conducted through the building by Sir William Gibson Craig, Lord Clerk Register, Mr. Matheson of the Board of Works, Mr. Gough, Keeper of her Majesty's rooms, and others. 'Their visit occupied about three-quarters of an hour, and as they came out they found a large con course awaiting them, attracted by the tidings that they had gem() to visit the Palace. There was no force to keep order, except the ordinaryguard at the Palace and a few police; for an escort of the 3d Hussars which had come up from Peirshill was turned into the new stable-yard, the Prince having signified his wish not to be E 0 accompanied. But there was no need of military to control the people, whose only fault was their too loyal eagerness to get near the carriage. Without any difficulty the crowd were got to open oat and let the carriage pass towards the Queen's drive, and many enjoyed a view of the Royal pair to their hearts' content, and raised a hearty cheer to signify their pleasure and welcome. On entering the drive the carriage took to the right towards St. Leonard's, and many of the people immediately ran the opposite way, ex pecting that the circuit would be made; but after having gone up that part of the drive which skirts Salisbury Crags the carriage turned, repassed the Palace, drove up the Canongate, High-street, Lawn market, and Castle-hill to the Castle, followed in these populous thoroughfares by great and applaud ing crowds. Their Royal Highnesses reached the Castle about 20 minutes before one, and alighted in front of the officers' barracks. They were received here by Major-General Walker, U. 8., commanding the dis trict, and Major Hyde Page, aide-de-camp, also by Lieutenant-Colonel Lockhart, 92d Highlanders, and Fort Major Macdonald. They were first taken to Mons Meg Battery, and shown the splendid view, of the New Town and shores of the Firth of Forth —a scene which, in favourable circumstances, is equalled by few in point of variety, richness, and beauty. The day was, however, very dull, the sky being heavily clouded, and the distant view ob scured. It was the only day for many weeks that the fine prospect was not seen to advantage. The attention of their Royal Highnesses was drawn to the curious old gun, Mons Meg, so long regarded as a giant among pieces of ordnance. The contrast the lumbering and broken-winded monster shows with the Armstrongs of modern date seemed much to amuse the visitors. The Prince and Princess were then shown the regalia of Scotland, and the various other ancient jewels belonging to the Scottish Crown exhibited in the dark apartment in the tower, and were next conducted to the apartments in which Queen Mary resided when a prisoner in the Castle, and where she gave birth to James VI. of Scotland. Finally, they were shown through the armoury, and left the Castle about 20 minutes past one. At the gate they were again hailed by a large assemblage, and as the carriage drove slowly down the esplanade their Royal Highnesses received a perfect ovation, crowds pressing round the carriage and cheering and waving hats and handkerchiefs with great hearti ness and delight. In the narrow thoroughfare of Castleehill there was a perfect blockade, and the Royal carriage did not escape from the crowd till on reaching the Assembly -hall a deour was made by Castle-terrace, and the Royal party now drove rapidly round the Castle, returning by Princes street. In East Princes-street a crowd had gathered, and the windows were thronged with ladies and gentlemen, in the hope that a visit would be paid to the National Gallery, but, although the Royal party passed on, the spectators were fully gratified by the view afforded them. The Royal party returned to the hotel about' half-past 1, ap parently much pleased with their visit, and having gratified many thousands of the inhabitants by appearing among them and so graciously responding to their acclamations. Shortly after their Royal Highnesses had returned to the hotel rain began to fall, and by two o'clock it poured down in perfect torrents. Up to the hour of their departure—half past three o'clock—the rain was incessant, and fell in such density that all who were exposed to it were in a few minutes wet to the skin. The consequence was that the streets were almost cleared of spec tators, although many took available points of shel ter, in the hope of getting a glimpse of the Prince and Princess as they passed. A great crowd had been expected, and preparation was made for it by the presence of a strong military force. Their services, however, were completely un necessary, and they had to sustain one of the most thorough drenchings that it may ever fall to their lot to experience. The Hussars had their overcoats attached to their saddles, and gladly received the order to put them on, but the Highlanders had come upon the ground quite un protected, and appeared in rather a woeful plight. On the platform at the station the band and a guard of honour of the 92d Regiment were drawn up. The Lord Provost, the Sheriff, the Major- General and Staff, the commanding officers in garrison, and several railway directors were also on the platform. The Prince, on leaving, cordially shook hands with the Lord Provost, the Sheriff, and Colonel Lockhart, and a beautiful bouquet was presented to the Princess by a young lady, the daughter of one of the directors. The Royal train left Edinburgh precisely at half-past 3, and ar rived at Larbert at 4.16, w h ere th e Edi n b urg h and Glasgow Railway engine was replaced by one belonging to the Scottish Central, and the train transferred from the charge of the directors of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Company to those of the Scottish Central. Their Royal Highnesses arrived at Perth at 26 minutes before 6, and were received Royal Highnesse s cor di ally shook on the platform by the Earl of Dannaore, with into conversation, an d a l so b y a handswhom their e enteredi r Roy guard of the 74th Highlanders and 3d Hussars, die Lord Provost and magistrates of Perth, the Sheriff, and several of the railway directors. The Prince and Princess then entered the carri.go which was in waiting to convey them to the British Hotel, which had been selected on account of its proximity to station, and as th e y d rove a l ong t h e y were received a rilway by the crowd with loud cheering. the afternoon was showery, and . this made the assemblage of spectators much smaller than it would have been had the weather been fine. About haltpast 6 o'clock the Prince left the hotel and paid a visit to Lord Stormont at Scone Palace. To-day, at 20 minutes before one o'clock, their Royal Highnesses left Perth en route for Balmoral. An immense crowd accompanied them from the hotel to the station, where a guard of honour of the 3d Hussars and the 74th Highlanders were drawn up. On the platform, where a large number of ladies and gentlemen had assembled, the Prince and Princess were received by the Provost and Magi strates of Perth, the Earl of Dunmore, the Sheriff, and others. As the train left the station, their Royal Highnesses were loudly cheered. The Royal party left Per th exactly at 12.40, and would arrive at Balmoral shortly before 8 o'clock. ABOYNE, Aug. 8. The Prince and Princess of Wales arrived at A.boze , ldie at halt-Pact 5 o'clo c k, all Weil. .o'2