The Sun. — London, England, 1863-01-23 00:00:00

THE SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY. (From the Times' Special tiorrespow?ent.) RICHMOND, Dt.c. 20, 1862. A week has p issed since the great battle of Fre dericksburg—the smoke has slowly cleared away— the Yankee, reeling backward in spite of the threats, the entreaties, and the promises of their officers, have, for the first and only time in the history of this war, acknowledged instantaneously a crushing defeat, and extricated themselves from a most peri lous position by retreating precipitately across the Rappahannock. How perilous that position was it is obvious that the Confederate Generals,who hoped against hope that the 14thor 15th December would witness a renewal of the Federal attack, did not at the moment fullyrealise. But summing up the results of the late bat le, it is sufficient to say that enough has been gained by it, and although it is conceivable that on the night of the 13th, or the afternoon of the 14th or 15th, a general advance of the Confederate lines might have turned the Fade rat rout into what is kno ,vra on this continent as "a B ill's Bluff affair," stil it is more in accordance with the weii-known humanity of such men as Gens. Lee and Jackson that not, one life, even the life of an enemy, should be unia , :cE-ssarily sacrificed, when already a sufficient lessen had been taught to their foe. That the lesson is sufficient, the reports from the North, which will reach England long before this letter, will probably satisfy even the most sceptical. It is not my province to call attention to them, or to point out that the wail of a nation in its agony, which ought to have made itself heard at the end of last August, is beginning to ascend in tones distinctly audible. There may be crtsades against Vicksburg, against Charlestown, Mobile, possibly against the Texan coast, and there will certainly be a Etrong irruption of Western troops into the Mississippi Valley ; but if I am not mistaken, it is not too early to prophesy that against Richmond itself no North ern army w ill again be led. How hopeless was th e Northern prospect of crushing out all Southern re sistance, until 10 or 12 States should lie prostrate at the foot of New' England, it required a residence of not more than 24 hours in the Confederacy to satisfy any reasonable and impartial spectator. And if, at this stage of the war, it is imagined that the capture end destruction of any number of seaboard cities, the reopening of the Mississippi to iron clad gun boats, and some apocryphal successes in Arkansas, Texas, or Mississippi, can arrest the attainment of Southern independence, then may we hope to live until an expedition is launched in balloons against the moon. My last letter brought the narrative of events before Fredericksburg up to the night of Saturday, December 13. It would be idle to pretend that upon that night the magnitude of the success which had been gained by the Confederates was fully gauged and comprehended by their Generals. It was hoped and believed that Sunday, the 14th, would witness a renewal of the Federal attack; and the night of the 13th and the subsequent nights wore busily employed by the Confederates in strength ening their fortifications and throwing up fresh earthworks on the Confederate centre and right. " If I had only thrown up these works before," ex claimed Gen. Lee two or three days after the battle, " I shou d have saved many valuable lives." That a renewal of the Federal attack would have been most disastrous to the assailants it is now hardly necessary to state. It was felt by the Confederate Generals that after Saturday's experience no serious assault would again be directed against Marye's Heights, and ample provisions were made for meet ing the heavy onslaught which it was expected would on the Leorrow be made against Gen. Jack son's corps on the Confederate right. Never were the spirits of that General more ecstatic than dur ing the fight on Saturday, and while his antago nists appeared to " mean business" on the morrow. But it must be confessed that, while the bulk of the Confederate army believed in the renewal of the battle on the 14th, there were not wanting Confe derate Generals whose prescience told them that troops so roughly handled as the Yankees would be little apt to resume the offensive. Among others, on Saturday night, Gen. Stuart hazarded the predic tion that there would be no fresh attack by the Federals on the Confederate lines. A lingering wish to direct his Horse Artillery there and then against the enemy's flank was probably uppermost that night in the General's mind. When Sunday, the 14th, came, it brought full confirmation of Gen. Stuart's words. The day was clear and calm and warm as its predecessor, but totally devoid of haze or fog. The Yankees, on their left and centre, had passed the night in the plain, where darkness overtook them, without blankets, without fires, with only half-rations. The day wore away, and witnessed no Federal advance. There was heavy skirmishing between the pickets in front of Gen. A. P. Hill's division, and occasionally the boom of a heavy piece of artillery, fired from one or the other side of the river, struck upon the ear, and sounded as a strange contrast to the incessant and continuous roar of the day before. On the night of the 14th prophecies that the Yankees had had enough of it, and would get back across the river as best they could, were more abundant, and when the morning of the 15th broke and still the Federals failed to advance, it became incontestable that the Federal army was in a perilous strait, with a deep river and three pontoon bridges behin 1, and with a victorious and elated enemy and 300 pieces of artillery in front. As the afternoon of the 15th advanced there was the same coquetting on the part of the Federals as to asking permission to bury their dead and carry off their wounded as had been displayed by them on the field of Sharpsburg. At Sharpsbnrg, as had been many times previously remarked, the ground on which the battle was fought was held by the Confederate,. To have sent a flag of truce and asked permission to bury his dead would have seriously discredited Gen. M'Clellaa's repeated telegrams that he had gained a great victory. It became necessary, therefore, to have recourse to artifice, and a flag of truce was sent in by one of the inferior Federal Generals, which was subsequently disavowedd and disclaimed, or perhap s was never re,oni Gen. M'CielLin himself. S uc h i s believedg heres 6 byo have been the secret history of the Sharpsburg of truce. Something of the same kind was attemptedg on the afternoon of December 15. There was every disposition in the Confederate Generals to strain a point to alleviate the misery of the wounded Fede rals who had now laic three nights on the field ; but Gen. Lee's resolution that no flag of truce should be accepted unless sent by Gen. Burnside to himself was final and inexorable. A flag sent in, as was believed, by the Federal General Birney was therefore rejected. Every possible effort was made by the Confederates to relieve the sufferings of those Wounded men whom their companions had not carried off the field ; but, as is usual on such occasions, the individual eases of misery were terrible and heart rending. Such a scene as a battle-field presents dur i ng the first night after a battle it would baffle any mortal pea to describe. In addition to the agonised cries for water, and to the groans of tortured and dying men, may be heard voices, nstantly growing u fainter and f a i n t er, shouting the names and numbers of their regiments in the hope that some of their comrades may be within hearing, or that o a party from their regim en t may to fetch in its wounded men—" 14th Massachunt Bette !" " 104th Pennsylvania !" 47th North Caro Etta!" such aro some of the shouts which ring through the night air, and are never likely to be forgotten by those on whose ear they fall. In the end no flag of truce for burying the dead was on this occasion adjusted until the morning of Wednesday, December 17, when the Federals sent over a large body of men to bury their numerous slain. The wounded were by permission carried off on the afternoon of Monday, the 15th. But in the meantime, on the night of Monday, it wasdetermined by the Federal generals not to risk another day without putting the river between themselves and their victorious foe. A more favour able night for their purpose cannot be conceived. On the afternoon of Monday the wind began to rise, and by seven in the evening and during the night it blew a hurricane from the south, so that all sound from the Federal army was carried away to the north in a direction contrary to the position occ upied by the Confederate s . A t the same time there fell a deluge of rain. Great credit is cer tain]y due to the Federal generals for passing nearly 100,000 men and all their cannon in one night across three pontoon bridges without accident or confusion. if the purpose of the Federals had been penetrated, and the immense con e ntration of troops in the streets of Fredericksb g had been known to Gen. Lee, no doubt a few ehells thrown into the town might have caused considerable slaughter, and occasioned great confusion among the dense masses of the enemy. But when the morning of the 16th dawned great was the surprise of Gen. Lee and of the Confederates to find that not one Yankee, save those who lay stiff and stark, and a few wounded men in Fredericksburg, too badly injured to bear transportation across the river, re mained on the southern side of the Rappahannock. There is a certain rhyme about the King of Franee and the manner in as hich he handled his 40,000 men which irresistibly recurred to the memory when it was found that Gen. Burnside and his troops were all gone. tNn ? of Gone, indeed, they were ; but in the fashione y A glance at the long slo betweenpe. it o u t cle Nl o a f r t 3r h ea e to l ll ie w ig hi h e t h s gFarvedeetrhi:kbsebsutrigdeaanedr the e m f a o g o e t had been exacted for their passage of the Rappa hannock. A. ride along the whole length of the lin e s told also a sad tale of slaughter; but when the eye had once rested upon the fatal slope above men tioned the memory became fixed upon the spot; nor for 50 years to come will that scene ever fade from the memory of those who saw it. There, in every attitude of death, lying so close to each other that you might step from body to bldy, lay acres of the Federal dead. It seemed that most of the faces which lay nearest to Col. Walton's artillery were of the well known Milesian type. In one small garden, not more than half an acre in size, there were 151 corpses. I doubt whether in any battle-field of modern times the dead have ever lain so thick and close. By uni versal consent of those who have seen all the great battles of this war, nothing like it has ever been seen before. It is said that the morning after a vic tory always breaks upon naked corpses. It was not so in this case, but the sole reason was that the pickets of both armies swept the slope with their fire, and that any living thing which showed upon it was the target for a hundred bullets. But three or four mornings after the battle it was seen that the fur tive hand which invariably glides into the pocket of victory had been busily at work, and naked corpses and others from which everything but their under clothing had been rifled were visible in abundance. So tremendous was the fire, chiefly emanating from Cobb's Brigade, posted in the lane at the foot of Marye'saleights, that even chickens in the gardens in front fell pierced by it. It was remarked by a Confederate General intimately acquainted with the Federal General Sumner, who commanded the Federal right, " Was there ever any other General but Sumner who would have got his men into a place in which not even chickens could live ?" But the fire across the slope was fatal not only to men and chickens, but also to every other living thing. Horses by dozens were strewn along the hillside; and occasionally a dead cow or a dead hog lay close to the silent and too often fearfully torn and muti lated human bodies which everywhere met the view. Such a sight has rarely been seen by man. It is doubtful whether any living pen could do justice to its horrors; but it is certain that it would be easy to write more than any ordinary reader would care to read. It is known that during the nights of the 13th and 14th very many bodies were carried off and buried by the Federals; but when the party of Federals detailed to bury their comrades had com pleted their t .sk it was found that under Marye's Heights they had buried 1,493 corpses, and 800 more on the Federal left. Computing that 3,000 Fede rals fell dead on the field, and adding six or seven times that number of wounded, you may gain an approximate estimate of the Federal loss on the 12th December. To this must also be added upwards of a thousand prisoners taken by the Confederates, and all the stragglers and deserters who strayed away from the Federal army. It is incontestable that the 13th of December will be graven as deep in the annals of the great Republic as is the anni versary of Jena upon the hearts of the Prussian p?ople. It remains for me to give some account of the town of Fredericksburg, and the condition in which it was left by its ruthless invaders. Desolate it had appeared to me at the end of last month; how shah I describe its appearance now ? The first impres sion of those who rode into its streets, and who had witnessed the feu crenfer which the Federal guns had poured upon it for hours upon Thursday, the 11th of December, was surprise that more damage had not been done. But this is explained by the fact that the Federals confined themselves amost entirely to solid round shot, and that very few shells were discharged into the town. Neverthless, a more pitiable devastation and destruction of property it would be difficult to conceive. Whole blocks of buildings have in many places been given to the flames. There is hardly a house through which at least one round shot has not bored its way, and many are riddled through and through. The Bap tist church is rent by a dozen great holes, while its neighbour, the Episcopalian church, has escaped with one. Scarcely a spot can be found on the face of the houses which look towards the river which is not pockmarked by bullets. Every where the houses have been plundered from cellar to garret; all smaller articles of furniture carried off, all larger ones wantonly smashed. Not a drawer or =est but was forced open and ransacked. The streets were sprinkled with the remains of costly furniture dragged out of the houses in the direction of the pontoons stretched across the river. Many of the inhabitants clung to the town, and sheltered themselves during the shelling in cellars and basements. Among others, it is stated that Mrs. Slaughter, the wife of the Mayor, returned two or three days after the bombardment to her house, which she found ransacked and gutted. A Federal officer offered a few words of explanation or apology, when she replied, pointing to half a dozen dead Federals lying within sight of her house, " I am repaid for all I have suffered by the sight of these." But there are sights more hor r.ble than the devastatiou of property, and which, like the hillside below Marye's Heights, neither admit of nor invite description. It must be remem bered that into the narrow limits of the town of Fredericksburg four-fifths of the Federal wounded were carried on the 13th and 14th of December. Hardly a house or shed but was converted into a hospital; the churches and municipal buildings were crowded to bursting with dying and mangled men. Shutters and boards were laid down in gar dens and yards, and upon them layer after layer of wounded men was stretched. Upon the night of the 13th the whole town was one continuous lazar house ; a few days later, wh en it Was occupied by none except the dead, it became a continuous char nel-house. Death, nothing but death seeveraytrwehteehreed; g reat masses of bodies tossed out o f the churches as the sufferers eApired ; layers of c orps on the balconies of houses as though taking a siesta. In one yard a surgeon's blockforoploeoraktiantgewvea: had been c a r still standing, and , more appalling to than the bodies of thedeiard ,owpinleesrsofarmsand legs,ried amputated as soon as their off the field, were heaped in a c orner. There wer e said to be houses literally crammed with the dead ; but into them, horrified and aghast at what I saw, I could not look. --- - A gentleman who never left the towndur h in im g s i e t i s f occupation by th e F e d era l s , b u t concea led during the bombardment in a cellar, tells me that for hours and hours the long procession of men with stretchers, bearing the wounded down to the pontoons and across tee river, filed through the streets. If any human being could look upon Fredericksburg this week and fail bitterly to exe crate the men who, never exposing their little fin gers to risk, drive ignorant Gcrroan and Irish pea sants up such a slope of death, high indeed must be the value at which he appraises the Union to the family of man. Strange is the infatuation which induces Northern statesmen and journalists to re present the Union as the last and only hope of mankind. Will the surface of the continent of North America be circumscribed by half an acre or its fer tility be diminished because the Union has ceased to exist ? Are free institutions in danger, and will the liberty of the individual in two Republics be l e ss than it has been in one ? The conclusion is ir• THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 23, 1863. resistible that it is not the " best hope for man kind" at which these statesmen aim, so much as at a great and overmastering nationality, the terror and scourge of all other nations. DECEMBER 22. is E in v o e r r e y s la n ti a ng m i o n r d e ic c a o t in es pi t e h t a e t . the n v e ic c to o r n y fe o d f e t r h a e te l3 d t i h . vision alone—that of Gen. APL's ws—picked up after the battle 180,000 rounds of ball cartridge. On the field were gathered up from 12,000 to 15,000 stand of arms. Prisoners by dozens were found concealed in the cellars of Fredericksburg, eager to surrender, and burning with anxiety to reveal marvellous tales of the demoralisation of the Federal army. There is no doubt that on the night of the 13th General Burnside contemplated a renewal of the attack next day. Stories were rife of his having said that if it cost him 50,000 men he would take those heights. It was remembered that, in a simi.ar position, Gen. M'Clellan had angrily vowed that a Federal army should enter Richmond in triumph. But it was found by General Burnside that the 50,000 men, whom, perhaps, he was willing to sacrifice, had a will of their own on the subject. The immense slaughter of Federals before Marye's Heights was seen and known by all the Federals who were not engaged against the Confederate right. Loud mur murs that Gen. M'Clellan never would have led them into such a slaughter-pen were distinctly heard. Gen. Hooker's voice against renewing the fight is said to have been emphaticay raised, just as it was raised against crossing the river and at tacking at that point. Retreat became peremptorily necessary, and it is universally conceded by the Confederates that, under cover of a most propitious night, that retreat was admirably conducted by Gen. Burnside and his subordinates. Since the army has withdrawn to the northern bank of the river the Confederate cavalry, hanging constantly on its skirts, report worse demoralization than has ever been known among the Federals before. Ten thousand deserters have quitted the army since the battle of the 13th. Still, in Richmond the opinion seems to be uni versal that, undeterred by all the warnings of the past, the Faderals will persevere in this hopeless struggle, if only with the hopes that, before they are compelled to desist, they may inflict a good deal more anguish and suffering upon their foe. Earnest and impassioned appeals are being addressed by the Richmond journals to the people, begging them not to be too much elated by this great victory, but to yrepare for many and weary months of warfare before their independence is secured. They are re minded that the Christmas of 1861 was passed in universal exultation by reason of the news just re ceived of the Trent affair, and in confident anticipa tion that they should shortly have England for an ally. These hopes were blasted ; the darkest months of the Confederacy were March and April of 1862. They are cautioned against despising their enemy and holding him too cheap, and witnessing a repe tition in 1863 of the darkest moments of 1862. Before concluding this letter let me mention that the computation of the dead Federals actually buried in front of the Confederate lines after the battle of the 13. h is not a loosely picked up rumour, but the certified report of the Confederate officer belonging to General Longstreet's corps detailed to attend the Federal burying party throughout their operations, and to count, in co-operation with the Federal officer commanding the party, the number of bodies committed to the ground. It is no matter of surprise in Richmond that General Burnside, writing his amended report of the Battle of Fredericksburg, should estimate the number of the Federal killed as 1,152. Since it was found that, contrary to the uni versal expectation of the Southern Confederacy, General ITClellan's recent official utterances could not be depended on, the hope that any other Federal General would value truth more highly has reluc tantly been abandoned. Neither, again, is it matter for surprise that General Foster, officially reporting upon his recent operations in North Carolina, should claim untold victories. It is possible that he believes in them, and that his design when undertaking his expedition, was successfully accomplished. The belief is none the less firmly held by the Confede rates that General Foster and his marauding troops, though succeeding in committing great excesses and depredations, were driven headlong back, and that from the experience gained they will be unwilling lightly to undertake another foray into North Carolina. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. LONDON, BRIGHTON, AND SOUTH COAST. The report of the directors of this company states that the amount of capital raised to the 31st of December, 1862, is £10,743,258, consisting of £4,705,473 ordinary stock and shares, £3,1:9,000 pref rential stock and 5hare5,X1,717,675 mortgage debt, and £981,110 debenture stock. The amount of capital expended during the half-year is £291,591, the re duction in the rate of interest on the mortgage debt still con tinues, and the amount of debenture stock issrLd has reached £981,110. The loans falling due at 41 and 5 per cent, have been renewed at 4 per cent, and the average rate of interest, including debenture stock, has been further reduced from £4 Is. 9d., as last reported, to £1 Os. 11d, per cent. The gross revenue for the half-year has been £580,562, showing an increase of £53,821 over the corresponding half-year, nearly the whole of which arises in the passenger traffic and tolls. The revenue for the year 1862 has been £1,025,423, or £77,303 iu excess of that of 1861. This in crease is chiefly attributed to the development of traffic at the Victoria-station (as anticipated), and on the suburban lines, aided, to some trifling ex`ent, by the International Exhibition, from which, however, this company derived little advantage, particularly as its share in the Continental traffic is but small. On the whole, the results of the past year must be considered satisfactory. The total traffic re ceipts for the half-year ending 31st December amounted to £563,338, against £517,818 for the corresponding period, and the total w)rhing expenses, including renewals, to £283,590, against £242,474, showing an increase in the traffic receipts of £45,520, and in the expenses of £11,116. The expenses amounted to 3s. 51d. per train mile, or 50-one third per cent, of the receipts, against 3s. 2i d. per train mile and 461 per cent. of the receipts in the corresponding period of 1861. A tabular statement in the report shows that the number of passengers conveyed over the line in the year 1848 was 2,485,778, and in the year 1862, 12,259,302; the receipts being respectively £349,977 and £696,787. The re ceipts from season ticket-holders increased from £10,427 in 1848 to £13,829 in 1862. The gross revenue in 1818 was £153,408, and in 1848, £1,025,423. The total mileage run by the trains was 1,119,308 miles in 1848, and 2,940,885 miles in 1862. The total expenditure i n 1848 amounte d to .47,7 and in 8 £496,730, a n d th e taxat i on in creased fromto £66,830 i n 1862 . Th e re newals to £6,161 i n 1848, an d t o l 8 O 8 ad adt3it,e l n 555 6 amounted 2 in t 0 1848 £44,659 in 1862. The preferential charge for mortgage debt and preference capital amounted in 1818 to £104,041, and ie. 1862 to £254,004, and the dividend per annum gradually increased from £3 12s per cent. in 1818 to 6 per cent. in 1856, at which rate it has continued up to the present time. The increase of expenditure arises from several causes— namely, the working and maintenance of the now com pletely opened Shoreham, Hentield, and Horsham line, the extensive renewals in the locomotive department, and the augmentation of taxation—a charge entirely beyond the control of the directors. Besides these items, exorbi ant claims for injuries to passengers has necessitated a sum of upwards of £lB,OOO being placed to the debit of the half year's revenue. The Croydon and Balham line was opened for public traffic on the Ist Dec. last. The distance from the Victoria station to all narts of the main and coast line is now the same as from London-bridge. The West London Extension line will be opened without further delay. A connexion with the whole of the railways north of the Thames will then be secured. The line from Pulboroagh to Ford will be ready for traffic in the ensuing summer, and complete a new direct lin e to Portsmouth, shortening the distance by nearly ten miles. The net amount at the credit of revenue is £170,613, out of which the directors recom mend the payment of a dividend of 31 per cent. for the half year, payable on Feb. 12, leaving a balance of £8,360, mak ing the dividend for they ear 1862 amount to 6 per cent. RAILWAY BILLS. Yesterday the Standing Orders of both Houses of Parlia ment were declared to have been duly complied with by Messrs. Smith and Frere in the following cases :—London, Brighton, and South Coast, new lines ft om Peckham to Tooting, Mitcham, and Sutton, together with junction lines to the London, Chatham, and Dover, West End and Crys tal Palace, and Croydon and Balham Railways, for whi:h it is proposed to raise £lOO,OOO in new shares, and to bor row £133,333 on mortgage ; an extension line from Dork ing to Leatherhead at an estimated cost of £00,000; Wim bledon and Streatham, for a lino between those points, and to raise £50,000 ; Southampton and Itchen Floating Pier, at a cost of £6,000; Bristol Railways, junction to connect the Bristol Port Railway with the Bristol and Exeter, Great Western, and Midland Railways at Bristol, at an estimated cost of £360,000, the other railways and Corporation of Bristol contributing; Bradford, Wakefield, and Leeds Railway, for extensions to Methley and Low Moor and Barnsley Coal Railway, and other powers, and to rata() £130,000; Mid Wales Railway, for a branch to the Man chester and Milford Railway, and to raise £75,000; Ketter ing and Thrapstone, for an extension to Huntingdon, and raise £150,000; Vale of Neath, for new lines at Merthyr and Aberdare, to amalgamate with Swansea and Neath, and to raise £30,000 ; Ramsey and St. Ives. LAW INTELLIG4NCE---Jau. 22. COURT FOR DIVORCE. (Before Sir C. Creeswell).) OIPPS V. GIPPS AND HUME. Mr. Sergeant Pigott and Dr. Stinks were counsel for the petitioner, and the Queen's Advocate and Mr. Lopes for the co-respondent. Mr, Sergeant Pigott said that the petitioner in this suit was the secretary of the patent department of the Kensing ton Museum. The respondent wus the daughter of Capt. Cruikshank, an officer in the Indian army, and the peti tioner, who was at the time a man of iedependent means and without any profession, became acquainted with her at the house of a lady about 1851, and on the 15th October, 1851, they were married. In Ju1y,1852, a child, issue of the marriage was born, and shortly afterwards the respondent took a whim, and refused to cohabit with her hueband, In consequence of this strange determination the petitioner was rendered very unhappy, but he resolved to make the beat of it and travel on the continent. Before he left he received a letter from his wife, in which she commenced by calling him "Deal, dear Pemberton," and expressed grief at their separation, and a hope that on his return she would be better. She then stated that she had been busy packing up her things,and spoke of their daughter and domestic matters. Cohabitation between the parties was resumed on the peti tioner's return, and the respondent became enceinte. She afterwards addressed him a letter, stating there was no luve or affection between them, and asking him to consent to a separation from bed and board, for which they were to assign as a reason incompatibility of temper, by stipulating that she should have access to her child. The petitioner then determined to go to America for change of scene; but prior to leaving the country, he wrote to the respondent,request ing that any communication from her to him should be dis continued, except so far as related to their child or business. He went to America, where he remained till Jan. 1853, and in 1860 the parties again lived together at Hereford equere till a late period in the year. They had become ac • lei, Wiltshire, which quainted with Mr. Ii utne, and about thi s t i me the respondent stated that she was in bad health. She an d h er mother afterwards received an invitation from Mr. H ume to spend some e h she accepted time nthisPlace,Monckton Fargh against her husband's wishes. He sub sequently suspected her, and opened a letter which she gave him to deliver to her mother, and found therein a letter to Mr. Hume i own from d e a his re dearest." in which she c a ll e d h (petitioner's) i t s i o h n e er' saids w ) sh ie, of was able to w r it e on l y a few lines to him yesterday, in answer t o hi s t wo letters, and proceeded, " Do not fret about me, a s I w ill soon b e better, but I am triste at not seeing you. Do make some arrangement with mamma for some means of taking me away from here." She subscribed herself, " Your little p. t, Helen." She then went to a friend, Lady Wilson, and after remaining with her some time she went to Nice, where it was believed she was joined by Mr. Hume. The respon dent, since her separation from her husband, had given birth to twins. On the 12th of March, 1861, the petitioner filed a petition, which was set down for hearing before a jury, but the compromise between petitioner and the co-respon dent, through their legal advisers, was then entered into, by which the petitioner was to withdraw his claim for damages, on consideration of which the co-respondent would consent to pay £3,000 in lieu of the same. It was further arranged that the petitioner should not proceed with his suit, the co respondent undertaking to pay him £4,000 at his mother's decease, and in the interim, the interest of that amount. Mrs. Gipps afterwards demanded an allowance of £l5O a year, separation, and tree access to her children. The peti tioner refused to allow her mote than £lOO a-year, on the ground that his income would not enable him to exceed that amount, which, with an allowance of £l2O a-yeas from her un cle, he contended would be adequate to her support. The £3,000 had been paid, but the interest of the £4,000 was not paid, and the parties not being able to come to terms, the petitioner instituted the present suit ; and it appeared, ac cording to the learned counsel, that pending those negotia tions the respondent was receiving visits from Mr. Hume. Mr. William Tate, a solicitor, living at llereford-square, Brompton, was the first witness called, and stated that he had seen the parties comin— g out of the church at Brompton on the morning of the marriage. They lived with Mrs. Tainton, the mother of the respondent, at Cadogan-place, and he visited them there. They resided afterwards at Hereford-square for about twelve months. In cross-examination the witness said that the petitioner appeared ridiculously fond of his wife. Francis S.3yenour Hayden, a surgeon, living at No. 62, Sloane-square, Chelsea, proved to having attended Mrs. Gipps in her confinement, at Charles-street, Berkeley square, on the 14th of May last. He had attended her previously at Maddox-street, Bond-street, about three or tour months before her confinement, and he had met a gentleman coming out of her room, whom he had reason to believe was Mr. Hume, Mrs. Gips did not tell him the gentleman was Mr. Hume, and he did not know him per sonally, but he believed him to have been the most likely person to be there from what he had heard elsewhere. He never heard Mrs. Gipp s speakabout Mr. Hume, and she paid him herself for attending her in her confinement. Amelia Hatton raid that she was formerly a chamber maid at the Beehive - 11 — oxhill. She was there in August, 1861, and remembered a lady coming there and taking apart ments on the 3d of A ugust, which was a Saturday. Ou the day following tt gentleman came to the inn, and he and the lady occupied the same apartments, a sitting-room and bed room. The lady merely said, on taking the apartments, that her husband would be at the inn the next day. They re mained until Tuesday, and then they left together. She accompanied a gentleman to Charles-street, Berkeley-square, Where she identified Mrs. Gipps as the lady who had been at the Beehive. She also went to Curzon-street, Mayfair, and was pointed out a gentleman as Mr. Hume, whom sne immediately recognised as the gentleman who had been at the Beehive with Mrs. Gipps. Edward Creasy, an ostler at the Beehive, proved a gentleman and lady having come to that house on the 3d of August, and to having driven them out on the Sunday morning to the Leatherhead station for a parcel, and to their leaving on the Tuesday. John Bastable, who accompanied the female Hatton to Charles •street and Curzon-street, proved her having iden tified Mr. Hume and Mrs. Gipps as the parties who had been at the inn at Boxhill. Jane Cooper, an old woman, a sweeper of the street cross ing, said that she had seen Amelia Hatton and a gentleman walking up and down opposite No. 20, Curzon-street; and stated that when they saw Mr. Hume come out of the house they ran away in different directions. She did not know what was the matter with them. (Laughter.) Amelia Francis,who is in theservice of Mrs. Gipps, proved to having lived with her at Somers-place, Park-square, and to having accompanied her to Paris and to Switzerland about the commencement of September, 1861. Mr. Hume accompanied them to Switzerlandifrom Paris, and remained with them at the same hotels. They went afterwards to his place at Monkton Farleigh. The handwriting of the respondent having been identified, the letters referred to by counsel were then put in as evi dence. Mr. John Haywood Evans, solicitor to the petitioner, was then examined in support of the learned counsel's statement in opening the case, as to what had taken place relative to the negotiations for a compromise, which he con firmed. He said the respondent had been traced by a de tective to the Southwick Hotel and the other places where she subsequently resided, and the petitioner, in order to inform himself of her actual position, went to where she was living a few days previous to her confinement. Mr. Gipps had to pay the expenses of the proceedings before the court) and also expenses of proceedings instituted in Chancery re - lative to the £3,00J he had received. Dr. Spinks summed up the petitioner's case. The charge of adultery having been clearly proved, the only question was whether there was anything in the conduct of the pet 4 tioner which ought to deprive him of his right to a decree. On what ground could it be contended that there was any thing like connivance? The fair construction of the agree ment for the withdrawal of the first petition was, that the petitioner abandoned his tight to proceed on the ground of any tdultery committed up to the date of that agreement. There was not a word tending to show that it was contem plated that the a , tultery should continue. On the contrary, he insisted on the clause respecting a deed of separation being struck out, as he would not allow Mr. Hume to inter fere between him and his wife. The Judge. Ordinary—Can you refer me to any instance in the Ecclesiastical Courts in which a divorce was granted on the ground of adult, ry where the husband had accepted pecuniary satisfaction for adultery previously committed ? Dr. Spinks said he was not aware of such a case. But in this case the husband had not accepted the money as pecuniary satisfaction for the adultery. The Judge-Ordinary—l do not know what else he agreed to take the £7,000 for. Dr. Spinks—For the withdrawal of the suit. The Judge-Ordinary—For a consideration he abandons the suit and allows her to remain his wife. Dr. Spinks said she was to remain his wife, but not for the purpose of enabling her to comm .t adultery. He under took to make a provision for her, but he stipulated that she should remain chaste, and conduct herselt properly. Was it likely that he would offer to give her a third of his income if he knew that she was to live as Mr. Hume's mistress ? The Judge-Ordinary —l do not know that I ever heard a case in which there were so many unpleasant considerations on both sides. I must consider whether he was principally prompted by a desire to keep his wife chaste or to protect his own pocket. Dr. Spinks pointed out that the arrangement had not been carried into effect, in consequence of the hostility which appeared to be existing between the respondent and the co-respondent. The petitioner, therefore, had a right to conclude that the intercourse between them had ceased. After the agreement was signed, the respondent and the co respondent were playing at hide and seek for months, the wife's address was concealed from the petitioner, and imme diately upon discovering that the intercourse between them was being kept np, he refused to go on with the negotia tions for an allowance until he received an assurance that it had been broken off. The petitioner's object was to avoid publicity and to make a provision for his children. The co respondent had by a trick entrapped the petitioner into a compromise of the first suit, and his object probably was to prevent the petitioner from obtaining a divorce, in order that he might not be called upon to marry the lady he had seduced. It appeared that the petitioner was very fond of his wife, aJd he had from the first acted as an affectionate husband. He had neither been guilty of connivance nor of neglect and misconduct, and he was therefore entitled to a decree. Dr, Tristram, on behalf of Mrs. Gipps, stated that she and her advisers had never until this morning seen the pleas filed on behalf of Mr. Hume. Some questions were yesterday put to one of the witnesses by the Queen's Advo cate which appeared to impute collusion to her. He was in structed on her behalf to deny that she had been guilty of any collusion whatever. The Queen's Advocate, for the co-respondent, reminded the Court of the admitted facts. A petitioner in suit for dissolution had received from the co-respondent a sum of £3,000, and after receiving that sum he called no evidence in support of his petition. He also received a promise of £4,000 more, and he endeavoured to enforce the payment of that £4,000 after he had obtained information that the in timacy between his wife and the co-respondent had been renewed. He should be sorry if it was any part of his duty to pass a panegyric on Mr. Hume's conduct, but it must be remembered that the husband and wife has not cohab , ted for any length of time, that the marriage was not a very happy one, and that this was not an aggravated case of seduction or violation of hospitality. He referred to Lord Stowell's judgment in "Lovering v. Lovering" (3 Hagg. Ecc., 85), and said that it would be contrary to all prin ciple to grant relief to a husband who did not come into Court with clean hands, and who wished to make use of the Court for a collateral purpose. After the first suit was withdrawn what provision did he make for his wife ? It was stated that on one occasion on her application he sent her £2O, and that was all. He never offered to provide a home for her. The agreement contained no provisions that all intercourse with Mr. Hume should cease. It was all very well for Mr. Gipps's attorney to writ 3 in a tone of indig nant morality when a proposal was made for a settlement upon her—" You, Mr. Hume, have no right to interfere between Mr. Gipps and his wife." The answer was, " You, Mr. Gipps agreed to take £7,000 for your own dishonour, and I have a right to a voice in the distribution of the money." Mr. Hume said that the £4,000 was only pay able upon certain conditions which had not been kept, and he refused to pay it. AWI was filed in Chancery to en force the payment, and between the filing of the bill and the argument Mr. Gipps received information from a detec tive that his wife was being visited by Mr. Hume. Did he then return the £3,000 he had received from Mr. Hume ? No, on the contrary, ho proceeded with his suit in Chan cery for the purpose of enforcing payment of the other £4,000. Could there be a doubt that if he had received that £l,OOO this suit would never have been instituted? Ate object of the suit was not to obtain relief for an injured husband, but to fill the husband's pockets with money, which he hoped to obtain from the adulterer as the price of his dishonour. The Judge-Ordinary--It is necessary that I should exa mine with considerable care the documents and the evidence in this painful—l had well nigh said disgusting —case. I do not yet know how the parties will ultimately divide the blame between them; but I think they will all repent of having appeared before the public. I SERIOUS CHARGE.—On Wednesday, at Repton, near Derby, Major Mosley and Mr. Clay, the Fitting magistrates, were engaged in investigating a case of affilia tion, brought by Miss Hackett, the parish schoolmistress at Edingale, near Tamworth, against the Rev. Ralph Francis Watson, the curate. The applicant is the daughter of a widow, of ladylike appearance, and is 25 years of age. In answer to questions put by Mr. Leech, of Derby, who sup ported the application, she disclosed a systematised scheme of seduction, which unfortunately proved successful. It appeared that Mr. Watson's house was near the residence of Miss Hackett, and upon the occasion of his housekeeper being taken ill she agreed to assist him until her recovery, and for that purpose she went to his house and lived there for some time. This was in 1861, and upon the house keeper's return, Miss Hackett continued to go occasionally to sleep there. Mr. Watson used to go into the room where she and the housekeeper were in bed, and kiss them. Other familiarities were also sworn to by the applicant; and the intimacy continued until the 25th of February last year, on which occasion Mr. Watson succeeded in hif long cherished design, pledging himself at the same time to marry her. Upon her subsequently informing him of the c ndition to which he had brought her, he desired her to take an infusion of the leaves of a tree growing in his garden, but she declined, saying that it would poison her. He pressed her on several occasions to take medicine which would cause abortion, but she at all times stead fastly refused to do so. She subsequently, at Mr. Watson's request, resigned her situation and went to live at Bir mingham, where he frequently met her, and on one occa sion wished her to go with him to a house of ill-fame. On the sth of last November she was confined ; and, although the respondent had promised to support her, child and herself, he refused to do anything for her, and her letters were unanswered. Tier only resource was there fore this appeal. She went with the parish constable to Mr. Watson's house, but ho refused to see her. The case had reached this point at 7 p.m., when the magistrates de termined to adjourn it until the following day. IRELAND'S LINEN TRADE. The progress made in the staple industry of this province during the last six months has been no less remarkable than gratifying. While the farming interest has suffered to an extent that has almost prostrated the cultivators of small holdings, and while the lamentable decrease of employment in the cotton manufacture has brought numbers of the in dustrious ranks to the verge of starvation, beneficial activity has reigned in every department of the linen trade. Mill owners have kept their hands well employed, and makers of goods have pushec on production with all possible energy. In the comp iratirely new section of the manu tacture—weaving by steam power—there has been steady increase. Ten years ago there were only 60 power-looms connected with the Irish linen trade. At the commence ment of 1857 there were about 2,000, and so rapid has been the progress of the last six years that at present Ireland owns between 5,000 and 6,000 steam looms. In Lisburn and its neighbourhood, where such distress prevails in the wretched homes of the cotton operatives, the people engaged at the flax-spinning mills, and those working at the thread manufacture, enjoy comparative comfort. Any skilled hand can earn, by 10 hours a day labour, fully twice the average wages realised by the cotton weavers, who labour from 13 to 16 hours a day. Irrespective of the large numbers of persons engaged at the extensive bleach-works of Messrs. J. N. Richardson, Sons, and 0 wden, at Glenmore, and the immense employment given to worapeople at the large con cern of Messrs. Richardson, of Lambeg, upwards of 2,000 hands are employed at the works at Hilden, the Island and the Lisburn Mills. Besides these concerns, the damask manufacture, of which that town is thy; original seat, forms a very important source of local employment. It is about a century since the art of weaving designs on textile fabrics was introduced at Lisburn by Air. William Coulson, and from that date the artistic skill of the operatives gradually progressed. The present proprietor of the larger manufac tory, and the only direct representative of the original house, gives employment to a great many work people, some of whom, we understand, are able to min 20s. to 255. a week. Mr. Coulson has recently had very extensive orders for the supplying of her Majesty's navy, not only with damask table linen, but also with plain and twilled sheetings. At present a large order for her Majesty the Queen gives employment to the most scientific of the operatives engaged at that manufactory. Captain Ward, who succeeded to the concern of the late Jas. Coulson and Co.—a junior branch of the alderman— has been very ac tively engaged in the trade for years past, and, as we learn, has now on hand an extensive order for the household of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales. We are not able to state the exact number of hands to which these two dainask manufacturing concerns give employment, but it is very satisfactory to learn that the wages earned ;by steady .and skilled workers at the damask loom are higher than those which their fathers were able to make 30 or 40 years ago. In the meantime the prices paid for weaving . muslins and other cotton goods have fallen 75 per cent. in most cases. Taking, then, the neighbouring town of Lisburn as an illustration of what the several branches of the linen trade have been doing for the masses of the people during the extreme pressure felt in other sections of industry for some time past, a pretty cortect idea may be formed of its growing importance as a national manufacture. Nor i s th e present prosperity of the linen trade transient or temporary. France, relaxing the I protective code which formed a portion of the policy of the First Napoleon, is gradually opening its eyes to the value of unrestricted commerce. Austria, and even Italy, with all its political perplexities, are moving and stirring into industrial c o untry . lFcesaeirei ski l l i n gociyntned. . failald hnoi Ateditgloocol rnutott hslhewtel oeulrsftroeheenfioii co ntinental ie i neefi c ; ael a a riaxrt for, even one s :1 vdoi countries neoint ir m tt wtertel e irerae : rcns e : a de aon:t Ireland's c i f ieT l s f e apfahxai m a ner, deeeaerasrfnsgoercaroewenfqmt peasant ,uehienrol would s be ample room for an import of. 100,000 tons from foreign sources. 'Supposing that the area noted should be sown, as the cost of labour alone where the crop is cultivated on the best system averages about £5 an acre, the total amount of money circulated among the peasant population would amount to no less a sum than one million Northern Whig. able Weather,—The sudden fickleness of this clim a t e —Holloway's Ointment—Change [AnvEßTlSEMNT.] in e very household, and the read i es t means o f cure are found Affec tions of the throat an d chest are Holloway's renowned sadly disturbs the general state of public health. Affec remedies. Th ey prevent conges ti on , in flammation, ulce ration, bronchitis, hoarseness, and cough. ' a day over Ointment only re • be well rubbed twice quires to marked the throat and chest, to effect an immediate and .. intimately allied by natur e in all the symptoms of disease, and quickly produce a radical cure. Goth Ointment and Pills are de- This soothing void of danger, being con pounds of the finest balsams art. and accurately combined b y SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—Lorg reigns have not been granted to the successors ol the great Pasha weo won for hi family the hereditary Viceroyalty of Egy pt. H himself, indeed, died at an advanced age, atter hay ing wielded for a tong term of years a power that at one time brought the Ottoman empire to the brink of ruin. But his son Ibrahim—his counsellor, and the bold executor of his design—though he suc ceeded his father in the Viceroyalty, did not sur vive him ; and since the death of Ibrahim two more Viceroys have passed away. Abbas Pasha was the son of Toussoun, the second brother of Ibrahim, and on the death of Abbas the late Viceroy, Said, son of Mehemet Ali's old age, succeeded to the Govern ment. It is but a few months since this Prince was in England, and we asked for him the complimen tary reception that was due to his station and his personal merits: He, too, is gone, and the expecta tions of those who are concerned with the East are now directed to the fourth successor of Mehemet Ali, the Viceroy Ismail Pasha, son of Ibrahim, whose first speech on taking possession of the Go vernment we publish to-day. The telegraph that brought us within a few hours the accession of an Eastern Prince beyond the borders of Christen dom now tells ms of his policy and prospects, as unfolded by himself at an audience of the Consular body. In Egypt the Consuls-General have really the power and the importance of En voys ; it is their duty to conduct the diplomatic business of their respective countries, and from the geographical position of Egypt, the relations in which the Viceroy stands to the Porte, and the rivalry that has always more or less prevailed be tween the leading European States, the Consuls —those of England and France especially—are of far more real importance than our Ministers at many European Courts. Nor is the Viceroy him self really less than a Sovereign. He is but in name the subject of the Sultan. It is possible that when his grandfather was recognised as a semi independent Prince there was some hope among the counsellors of the Porte that Egypt might be one day restored to its direct authority. But if so, this hope has been disap pointed. The Viceroys have kept themselves strictly within the limits of their stipulated rights. Tney nave ab Andomed all ideas of aggression, and taken away every excuse tor an invasion of their own pri vileges. The Porte has in vain waited to see them make a false step. Whatever may have been their ambition or their secret aspirations, they have ever been ostentatiously loyal. Even the first two of the race, who had been carrying on war or in :rigues against the Porte for so many years, abided .t last strictly by the faith of treaties. The iribute has been regularly paid, and even pledged to Euro pean capitalists tor the support of Turkish credit. Egyptian troops fought against the Russians in the late war, and the European nations that were for merly the most opposed to the designs of Mehemet Ali and his ambitious race are now the firmest sup porters of their prerogative. Egypt is universally recognised as virtually an independent State, and any undue assumption of power by the Sultan would be checked by common consent. By a policy pru dent beyond what could be expected of Princes so educated, the Viceroys have gained a position which makes their opinions more important than those of many Christian Kings. As is necessary in the present age for a ruler who would conciliate public opinion, the Viceroy declares himself a friend of financial reform. He will govern, he says, with all the perseverance and energy of which he is capable. " The basis of all good administration is order and economy in the finances. This order and economy I shall follow by every possible means." We can conceive that when the Viceroy had gone thus far no particular excitement had as yet been awakened among his hearers. These, they might think, were words of course, and would come from the mouth of the most reckless Sovereign who ever sauntered along that smooth path which is paved with good intentions. But the next few words must have startled them, and we can well believe what the telegraph tells us, that the Viceroy's speech has produced a great effect. He was not content with a mere vague homage to the virtue of frugality, His purpose is to do it a far deeper reverence by sub mitting himself and his household to its laws. "In order to give an example to all, as well as a proof of my firm intention, I have resolved on abandoning the system of my predecessors, by fixing for myself a civil list, which I shall never exceed." This is, indeed, a triumph of economy and of constitutional principles. For the first time, probably, in the his tory of the East, it is acknowledged that the poor man, and be that toils for his bread, has a claim on the self-denial of the ruler, and that the great can gain honour and admiration by other means than by building useless palaces and nourishing hordes of slaves. The present Viceroy, it is probable, has seen with alarm the extravagant projects and the expen sive tastes o his predecessor. Said Pat, though able and shrewd enoug , to increase his own fortune very largely, was more magnificent in his ideas than the resources of Egypt would warrant, and his suc cessor, engaged for years in the prudent manage men c of his own private estates, seems anxious to check enterprises and to decrease outlays which have sorely pressed on the country. To place a barrier between the wants of the Sovereign and the public Treasury is no easy thing in any despotically governed country, much less in an Oriental State, and in this case it is certainly true that at any time the Viceroy can return to the old courses of his pre decessors. But yet there is no reason to doubt that he is at present in earnest, aril, as he is a man of mature age, well versed in business, we are inclined to hope that his good intentions will be firmly carried out. Another matter of much importance mentioned by the Viceroy is the abolition of forced labour, by which the unhappy fellahs have hitherto been kept in a conditi3n not far removed from slavery. He says that his economy will enable him to devote to the development of agriculture all the resources of the country, and that he will thus be able to abolish " the fatal system of forced labour" which has " prevented the country from taking all the de velopment of which it is capable." Such a change, easily made by an earnest Sovereign, will sweep away one of the worst evils of the country, and forbid for ever such injustice as has been committed on the peasantry whenever great works have been undertaken. Whatever may be the enthusiasm of the French for the Suez Canal, they must yet be glad to learn that its construction will not, under the new Viceroy's reign, be carried on by the en forced labour of thousands of helpless peasants. POST.—A Minister, whenever he meets his con stituents, possesses many signal advantages over his less fortunate brethren in the House of Commons on similar occasions. Success is, after all, the touch stone with which, in the political world, as else where, the great mass of the community contents itself with testing the merits of men. When Mr. Milner Gibson rose in the Town Hall of Ashton on Wednesday evening to present his hearers with a concise resume of the state of England's commerce, and the results of her commercial policy, ho felt no apprehensions respecting the reception he would meet with. It is certainly true, as he observed,,that " the times are not favourable to the discussion of what may be called domestic politics ;" but perhaps tor that very reason there are the stronger grounds for congratulation at finding the trade of this court try as prosperous as it is. With some hundreds of thousands of operatives thrown out of emplo3 merit, the time is certainly not oppat tune for discussing the question of Parliamentary Reform ; and at a moment, when they are in want of bread, it would certainly not be decorous to canvass the propriety of granting them a franchise. In this sense the present is certainly not a favourable opportunity tor the ventilation of what, in more prosperous times, constituted the staple of our domestic poli tics. But, on the other hand, now, when an im portant branch of British industry has been para plied ; when directLy or indirectly the great bulk of the population of one of our hitherto most flourishing seats of trade is reduced to want; when one portion of the community is subsisting on the charity of the other, it is a fitting time to inquire how far the general policy which has governed our domestic relations has been productive of beneficial results, and to what extent improvemfait in other branches of industry has redressed the balance so seriously disturbed by the partial suspension of the cotton trade. Of course Mr. Gibson could not do otherwise than follow the example set him by his colleagues, in taking advantage of his appearance ;n public, to say someth ing about America. It ought, perhaps, have been as well had he dismissed rho topic with a few generalities. This, however, did not chime with his views. Instead of following n the footsteps of an eloquent fellow-minister, and venturing on predictions which would be univer sally received as indications of a coming policy, he confined himself exclusively to the consideration of the past. The causes and not the results of the war furnished Mr, Gibson with his theme. We cannot congratulate him on the success or accuracy with which he discussed them. He has been astonished, he says, " to hear that slavery had nothing to do with the war," and forthwith proceeds to demon strate that it must have occasioned the war, since the Southern States seceded because Abraham Lincoln was exclusively elected by the population of the Northern States, and because his opinions and purpose " were hostile to slavery." It cer tainly may be conceded that if slavery did not exist in the Southern States, the present war never would have arisen; but it is not therefore correct to say that it occasioned it, much less that its main tenance or abolition constitutes the Lane between the belligerents. The Southern States withdrew from a Federation in which a chief magistrate had been elected in whom they had no con fidence, and who, they feared, would direct the power and influence of that Federation against some of the States composing it. Mr. Milner Gib son does not deny, nor could he in the face of the American Constitution, that the seceding States possessed the right, if they so pleased it, of with drawing from the Union. The right has been more than once asserted since the establishment of the Republic, and never disallowed, although now acted upon for the first time. All the Southern States desired was to part in peace ; nor did they resolve upon the separation until the proposals made through their commissioners to the Cabinet at Washington had been definitively rejected. They then asserted their independence, and then did the North proceed to levy its armies to reduce them to subjection. Is slavery now at issue, let us ask Mr. Gibson ? The proclamation of the Ist January emancipating the slaves of the rebellious, but leav ing the rights of the loyal slaveowner unaffected, affords sufficient reply. No ; the w ris not a war for slavery ; it is a war in which the liberty and in dependence of millions are at stake. To vindicate them the Southern States drew the sword, and when at length it is sheathed we hope to see them not less firmly established than when both North and South rested from their labours after the first great war in the cause of American independence. COUNTRY MARKETS. MANCHESTER-JAN. 22. This morning at our market there was a fair attend. ance. English wheat and flour a quiet sale, at the curren cies of last week. Oats and oatmeal a fair sale. Beans were unchanged. BIRMINGHAM-JAN. 22. English wheat was sold at 48s to 56s for white, and 40a to 56s per 36 stone for red, Barley, new malting, 35s to 42s per qr ; grinding, 24s to 28s. Oats, old, 24s to 34s per 30 stone ; Irish, 22s to 255. Beans, 40s to 44s per qr. Peas, 40s to 48s per 36 stone. PLYMOUTH—JAN. 20. The corn market very dull, and little business doing. —White, 56s to 60s; red, 54s to b6s per qr; Dantzic, 57s to 58s ; American, 51s to 55s ; Spanish, —s to —5 ; Rus sian, —s to —s. Barley at previous rates-34s to 38s per qr for malting; grinding, 27s to 28s; oats, 23s to27s ; and beans, —s to —s ; flour, 38s to 41s Od. EDINBURGH GRAIN-JAN. 21. A good supply of farmers' wheat to-day, which met a slow sale at is under the prices of this day week. Wheat on the top Os 3d up. ..... ....average Os 6d down. Barley on the top is Od down ...average is Od down. Oats on the top Os 6d up average Os 2d up. Beans on the top 3s Od down. „average Os 2d down. Total Supply and Sales. Wheat ...1054 qrs Sold 662 qrs 8ar1ey........1949 qrs Sold 971 qrs Oats Beans 7B , qrs Sold 56 qrs Flour sells as follows :—Whites, 45s Od; extras, 43s 6d; superfine, 41s 6d ; fine, 39s 6d. CORK—JAN. 21. The following were the quotations this morning :—Red wheat, 6s 6d to 108 3d ; white, 8s 6d to lls ld i barley, 4s Od to 7s 3d ; oats, 6s Od to 8s ld. ; new bere, —s Od to —s Od. DERBY SMITHFIELD—JAN. 19. Beet 6d to 61d I Veal... 7d to 71d Mutton .. Lamb —d to —d Rough fat, 4s Od per stone. Hides, 3d to 41d; calf skins, 5d to 6d. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS I) CE. fluf,,ralia and Mauritius, via Southampton. Jan. 18 via Marseilles ~ . Feb. 12. drazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Feb. 3. i zipe of Good Hope, Ascension, l and St. Helena.. Feb. 1. , lima, Penang, and Singapore, via Southamptou.Jan. 18. via Marseilles ...Jan, 27. Falkland Island s ......... Feb. 3. iibraltar, via Southampton Jan. 18. ndia (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Jan. 18. via Marseilles Jan. 27. I , :din (Bombay), via Southampton . Jan. 25. via Marseilles Jan. 20. Portugal.... Feb. 3. N taint, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Jan. 18. via Marseilles Jan. 20 S ealoundland . Jan. 21. ; I ,,,rin and Vigo I.'. , 7 4 . and British N. Amorica, by Brit. ;Jacket.... Jan. 21. by U.S. packet by Canadian packct.Jan. 16. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe Feb. 10. Bahamas, via New York Jan. 15. Mexico ....Jan. 28. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, I Jan. 28. California, and British Columbia. THE DEMIDOFF FAMILY.—We find the follow ing in the feuilleton of the France :--"The prodi gious fortune of the Demidoff family, derived from their iron, copper, and gold mines in the Ural Mountains, dates from the beginning of last century. Under Nicholas Nitikich, Count de Demidoff, so well known for his muni ficence, who died at Florence in 1821, the income from the mines amounted to nearly d,ooo,ooofr. a year. There are now two Demidoffs known in. Paris—Anatole, the son of the abovenamed, and Paul, his nephew, who is much younger. The latter now possesses the immense fortune of the family, on condition of paying to his uncle a monthly sum, said to be 100,000 fr. Mr. Paul Demidoff, besides his other wealth, possesses the famous historical diamond called the Saucy, estimated to be worth two millions of francs, which he wore twice last year at the fancy balls of Count Walewski and Count de Persigny. The Saucy, on one of those occasions, fell from the helmet on which it was worn, and was for three minutes trodden under foot by the dancers. It is one of the three great diamonds, formerly famous throughout Christendom, which be longed to Charles the Rash, Duke of Burgundy. After the battle of Granson, it was found under a waggon; in the ball last winter, it was found under an armchair. Only fancy that this stone represents a capital which would yield a yearly interest of 100,000 f.—an immense sum in the eyes of ordinary people, but a mere trifle compared with the fortune of the Demidoffs." Births. DARBISHIRE.—On the 21st inst., at 3, Eccleston-square, the wife of H. A. Darbishire, Esq., of a daughter. HALL.—On the 20th inst., at Boothdale, near Ashton under-Lyne, the wife of Henry Hall, jun., Esq., solidi t or, of a son. LEE.—At 2, Victoria-road, South Hampstead, the wife of Frank Lee, Esq., of a son. VERSCHOYLE.—On the 21st inst., at 23, Chapel-street, Belg,rave-square, the wife of Lieutenant-Col.Verschoyle, Grenadier Guards, of a daughter. Marriages. COLDRIDGE—WILTON.—On the 20th inst., at St. Bid well's Exe'er, the Rev. S. P. Coldridge, son of S. I'. Cddridge, Esq., of East Budleigh, curate of Otterton, Devon, to Mary, eldest daughter of John W. Wilton, E•q., of Gloucester. _ . _ EAWCEIT—STACEY. — On the 21st inst., at St. James's, Piccadilly, A. I. Fawcett, Captain 9th Royal Lancers, to Laura Mary, youngest daughter of the late Courtenay Stacey, of Sandling-place, Rent, Deaths. BROWNE.—On the 21st inst., at 32, Gloucester-crescent, Regent's-park, Lucy, wife of Colonel Fielding Browne, C. 8., aged 69. BECKET.-011 the 18th inst., at Backset Town, Hentield, SUSS, x, Thotuas Becket, Esq., aged 75. CHAVASSE.—On the 15th inst., at Edgbaston, Sidney Chavasse, Esq., aged 66. GREY.—On the 21st inst., at Bath, the Right Hon. Sarah, widow of the late Camden Grey, 9th Baron Kirkcud bright, aged 82. the 22d inst., at Pimlico, Francis Henry Gebriel, 'ag e ot e 2 ds h 3 n inst ., at Th e W y ld e, B ury, Miss EigSe th edfield, aged 82. HAKEWILL.—On the 19th inst., at Totnes, Devon, Mr. Joseph Hakewill, aged 91. HOPEWELL.---011 the 21st inst., at Barnet, J. Hopewell. Esq., aged 83. London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDREWS, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SUN Dace, No 112, Strand, in;the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County of Ailddlesex,—F r id a y, Jai/luau 23, 1563. MOM 7 E Ti tiavii a tru N( num simil Priv and Boat 6d. MI) TI Com Nev enTle. Ann lePq. Con Sb sh( Tv Tv