The Sun. — London, England, 1830-01-29 00:00:00

1 C are ter! ,ity of bse her pr iced or 111altiall la. Bo le intain hoot Ia Flour Fl o ur. 2,650. V ". brli K). )r Spa , and 'vat rmer-soeo: g exceecleo` letter aortal e previa', 471. 6". ; 1 , adoes gird in foreign of low to addling t° s of obet In reiSai week, 04 ers fur el prospect d demand , ie term" O f • 1 ) matero and restif 55.: greir middling t ° re is little parse' of 6te sontrici i 1/1 offer° sales have ng at fa ll took beillf Vedneodaf' Aerially for sale ehiedY for expor t quoted $ t Oude ofe' Is last sole. an advas !ii there 0 . vs declared this article► Lidia sal e reel', Wl' 18a. tnaltered'' trade vig ° mblie ode' td, and 0 briskne 4 ,383 10 10 9 aes, 1,0 56 les. The were prettl under tke es;ned W ots realise" )ortion 0 41 !, but wh° uoted 0 6 ' takes Ogee 28 . 0,11 1 1)PlY ° A dull trswe' tnd Boleti to I. . 61 g ' 34 fa 0 48 ° 1 : S SO 0 4d v s very . 0 but prill 3 p Went , 40. to 54. .b )geared to nade ue i l Linings an' id Simeon, s sold eon tnd said' Seemyn ° )11s—thre e , , duly an d y is three e made re' Et same, he e beesnet: o' mine. Sare, ye ° You B PY pt. J wine id I mai ° —and 1°". he pare, and 18°' Got V ? wax; .0,, iu wante' ,f it. fit ?--Ye t idder of it , line Wow no house; r the Oa t ' ou youldn I i know. teas. ts ciawtion ? Sares, WO ° e corns!' to breakfasV 'rid coffee ' my m ovie 1 1, you 1/ 0 1 l'help wive call nie snd a Del/ w order, 0 ed Luzar°' as he after answer to :luded that rolls. °" e that Ma c ' , It answer t° body in b' l e, under s lat Lazar° o d the othel, rish bank ad we uLd a , s( i ; 1,0001. '‘`. 4 "., filtration DEFEAT OF THE AGRICULTURISTS AT BRISTOL. Meeting of the inhabitants of the City of Bristol, and of the Counties of Somerset and Gloucester, for the pur- Nee of petitioning Parliament against the Beer and Malt Duties, Thursday, Jan. 28, 1830, at the Guildhall of the City of Bristol. Jomx SCANDRETT llAaroan, Esq. in the Chair. The CHAIRMAN said, he came to that Hall without any thought of being called to the Chair. He would never have consented to take it, but for the conviction that ,these meetings . tend to the benefit of the country in ge• floral. Our aaricultural population are at this moment in a very depressed state, and every thing that conduced to lead back the people of this country to the use of malt liquor tended to the moral improvement of the popula tion. He then requested the business of the meeting to proceed. Mr. W. P. TAUNTON (a barrister) then read the requi sition fer calling the Meeting, which had no signature to it. Some objection was made on this ground by a person, but it was overruled, as the Mayor had granted the use of the Guildhall, and therefore the respectability of the re quisitionists could not be doubted. THOMAS Kisraxow, Esq., moved the first Resolution, which being seconded was carried unanimously. W. P. TAincrosz, Esq., moved the second resolution ; which was duly seconded and carried unanimously. Mr..Jonsr. Hawsox moved the third, which was also carrried unanimously. Mr. Wxaa HALL rose to more the 4th, Bth, and 6th resolutions. This subject, he said, was highly important to all the great interests of the State, but more particu larly affected the welfare of the labouring classes. He would endeavour to show to the meeting first, that the taxes were in themselves bad, and secondly, that in the present times of unparalleled depression they were parti cularly oppressive to those least able to assist themselves. Under a more prosperous rate, these and various other con tributions were paid without a murmur ; but when, from the change over which the present meeting could have no eontroul—when employment became abridged, profits diminished, and wages necessarily reduced, the expendi ture of the country was in a degree paralised—the atten tion of all those who had the welfare of their country earnestly at heart was imperiously called for to relieve the incumbent load. Great as was the general pressure, the situation of the agricultural labourer was still more trying than that o f the artisan—at least it had hitherto been 110--the wages of the manufacturing work men were formerly much higher than those of the Peasantry in the country, but in a nation densely PoPulated as this was, this could not lung con tinse ; the period had nearly arrived when the remune ration of the manufacturer bad become, from re-action, even less than the wages paid to the labourer in the country, and they were therefore together interested in obtaining a reduction in the price of the article of beer. It had been said that a reduction of these duties would tend to an increase of drunkenness ; but with such diminished means this was not very likely to occur, and it was idle to reason on the use of any principle from its occasional abuse, and when thousands were now unable to procure the beverage at all. It had been estimated that the aggregate duties on these articles amounted to 175 per cent., what would:be said to a duty of 12s. per bushel on the article of wheat, and for much of the labour of the country beer was to a certain extent almost equally requisite. He would come next to the diminished consumption of malt, and ask how this could arise amidst a regularly increasing consumption of all other articles? Frauds to a certain extent were, no doubt, commit ted, notwithstanding the vigilance of our excise regulations ; other articles may, to a certain extent, have superseded the article of beer ; but those connected with the country must know that inability to purchase it was the leading cause of a diminished use. This Meeting was assembled to petition, in co-operation with numerous other parts of the country, for either the partial or total repeal of the duties in ques tion. For a partial repeal much might be said ; for, in the arithmetic of the Custom-house, two and two, instead of making four, sometimes make only one, that is, an increase of tax is not always followed by increased reve nue; but, on the other hand, a diminution of duty may not unfrequently lead to a change beneficial alike to the Government and country; but with a partial repeal alone all the expensive and vexatious machinery for collecting theca taxes would still remain—the exciseman would still retain the power of entering the houses of those en gaged in the pursuit by night as well as by day, and the same restriction and controul over the mode of carrying on the operation of the trade would still eontiuue—the benefit of a partial reduction of the leather tax has not yet reached the consumer—the benefit of the repeal of the salt duty did not fully extend itself until its total repeal, and therefore, if there were a question as to the expediency of repealing a portion of both taxes, or the whole of one, he should urge decidedly the adoption of the latter course. The beer tax was considered a more partial tax than any other ; and although, if the malt tax were re pealed, it would be optional whether individuals incurred the charge or not, yet a substantial benefit would accrue from the remission of either. The great object was, that beer, as an article of nutriment, as well as of invigoration, should be attained in the cottages of the labouring classes, and not that the labourer should obtain it abroad, to the pri vation of his family, and the idleness of himself. The increased consumption of sp i r i ts was another reason for a remission of these duti es , an d the Magistracy of Middlesex and other places were d ee pl y conv i nced of the demoralization produced this pernicious course. He had heard that there were in dividuals who intended to oppose the object of the present Dleeting—what motives could influence them to do so, he Was at a loss to know—if maltsters and publicans united to oppose this measure, he should think this an additional reason for perseverance in the course they were pursuing. --(This gentleman was cheered throughout his whole speech, and sat down amidst great applause.) Mr. HZIRAPATH (a maltstes) in rising to address the Meeting, stated that though he was one of the persons al luded to, he yet spoke here, not as maltater, but as a private individual. He agreed with the resolution as far as it went, but it only specified one article of consumption ; he should therefore move that it be extended to all necessaries. It had been stated, that Bristol has not yet felt tie. distress of the times, but this he strongly denied, for he had the means of k now i ng t h at the distress had reac h e d t h at c i ty m s ,_ ° Y,months since, th e num b er of appapplicants- lit St. Peters Hospit a l h av i ng d ou bl e d within that time. The duty on _ sugar had occas i one d th a t ar ticle to remain sta tionary sin ce 1 798 to the present t i me. Th e art i c l e o f tea came into use only the last century, as did also coffee, and therefore, instead of calling for a glass of beer in the morning, waa tea and co ff ee we re the usual beverage. Here beer the reason of the ion-increase in the consumption of persons who you r e d uce t h e pr i ce o f beer, you will make the ,_he who n ow d r i n k enoug h on ly, d r i n k t oo muc h. f pri ce o f all the necessaries of life are greatly enhanced by the duties on them. If there is to be a duty on a ne cessary of life, let it be on that article which the abuse of m ay tend to demoralize the people.—(Hear.)--The cheap Price of spirits, occasioned by the duty being taken off, had • caused a great increase of the consumption of those perni cious liquors; therefore let the Government put on the duty they unwisely took off. The consumption of malt amongst pri vate families who brew beer at home is about one in every seven. Now he came to the principle of the question ; there is such a body as agriculturists, and that body act in concert, and this is one of their measures.—(No, no.) He could prove that whenever any duty has been taken off malt, the price of barley has increased.—(Hear.) But When the amount of duty has been increased, the price of b arley has fallen. After all the professions that have been i nido about serving the labouring classes, he would like soi nesecurity from the agriculturist, that he will not increase t 1 . 11 ,. 0 Price of barley when the duty on malt is taken off. You replace one tax for another as proposed, we shall Only be enabling Ministers to lay on some few more mil ra to our present burthens by the exchange. Mr. I "apath concluded, after enumerating the decrease and incr ease of the several duties of articles of consumption, -Pea i 6 ed the same, by moving the following amendment : , ` Th a t th e t axes u pon malt, beer, sugar, tea, coffee, can diest, 'soap, and other necessaries of life, are severely felt this period of distress, particularly by the labouring Is Your Honriart of the popul. House for and educe your petit th eione rs said taxes, therefoso as re im to - bri ng down prices of such articles within the present means s.; Purchasing. " That as one doss of his Majesty's subjects avoid paying taxes levied in this terary, although they receive their annual resources from it, your petitioners submit to Your ar House the justice of laying a tax upon absen ts, which shall be equal to their contributions, in case they had continued to reside here." Mr. Jomiw MILLS (of the Bristol Gazette) seconded t he amendment. He considered the whole affair as a t ar ty job ; and that the measures proposed by Mr. Nall, Jere only t o b ene fit th e agr i cu lt ur i s ts, and nothing had "een said about the manufacturers. He recommended a f emoral of the Assessed Taxes, which would relieve the c ountry generally. If you repeal the duty on malt, you 1 1 : 00 uld repe a l th e d u ti es onevery thing that enters the mouth. ay, why should we not make our own candles, when the price'of fat is 3d. per lb., we are paying 7d. and Bd. lie concluded by stating, that he thought the resolutions untimely. Mr. W. P. TAUNTON rose to reply to Mr. Herapath, whose ingenuity, good sense, and industry he much ad mired ; but he considered he bad stated some fallacies. The measures proposed had not been done with any desire to embarrass the Government. They had been told that the reduction of the leather tax had not decreased the price of shoes ; but the reduction had not been much, and therefore it was not likely to be felt. The duties received on foreign wines, spirits, and coffee, have increased in amount since the reduction has taken place, in con sequence of the greater consumption of those articles ; and why should it not be the case with the duties on malt and beer ? A great deal of the distress spoken of by the gentleman who had preceded him, had been occasioned by the free use of spirits. Lunacy had increased fifty per cent., and any medical man would confirm him in the fact, that it had chiefly been oc casioned by the immense use of ardent spirits; this was proved by the last report of the Middlesex Magistrates. Beer was the natural beverage of Englishmen, and he trusted we should again have it pure arid unadulterated. The great change in the diet of the country had been caused by the deleterious trash sold under the name of beer; far different from the pure liquor of the days of yore. It was this which had changed the diet to tea, a liquor we paid dear enough for, by sending millions to a foreign country to purchase it with;and to a country we are not on terms of amity with. He concluded by oppos ing the amendment. Mr. MANCHEE (the late Editor of the Bristol Mercury) then rose to support the amendment.-- County meetings are called all over the kingdom, to support this measure of repealing the malt and beer duties, and why should the counties of Somerset and Gloucester be called in for the purpose of bearing down the city of Bristol? He then begged leave to contradict the Learned Gentleman (Mr. Taunton) relative to the duty on leather, which had been lessened one-half, and therefore the public ought to have derived some advantage from it. Mr. Manchee then alluded to the duties on the Press, which he contended were greater than any other article by 500 per cent. Mr. WEBB HAr.L again rose to briefly comment on what had fallen from the gentlemen who had moved and supported the amendment. For himself, he thought that a subject, common alike to town and country, was fitly held in a public city, which was the only method of giving to the contiguous inhabitants of those places an opportu nity of expressing their opinions without going fifty miles to a county meeting. He (Mr. Hall) considered that the pole-star of legislation was employment . ; to the labouring classes ; man was born to labour, and whatever would contribute to so good an end he would be ever ready to promote, whether it tended most to encourage agriculture, manufactures, or commerce, those could not be taxed by an assessment on property who pos sessed none. He cautioned the Meeting against being led away from the direct object of the Meeting, by asking more than they were at all likely to obtain, and con cluded by reading Dr. Adam Smith's axioms on taxa tion, against which the present duties were in decided op position.—(Cheers.) The CHAIRMAN then put the Amendment, when the numbers in its favour were at least ten to one. The Chairman then left the Chair, saying, that as far as he was concerned the meeting was over, the object being defeated fur which the meeting was called. Thanks were then voted to the Chairman. Mr. Marrcusx moved that another person should take the chair. A great deal of confusion took place, and several persons were proposed to the vacant seat. After a short interval, Mr. JOHN MILLS, who had been strongly urged to take that office, complied, but had scarcely taken possession of his seat, before he expressed a wish again to be exonerated from its arduous duties. Mr. HERAPATH proposed that a petition should be drawn up on the resolutions be bad moved as an amendment. Mr. MANCHEE seconded the motion. The resolution for the petition was then carried una nimously. A vote of thanks was then passed to Mr. Mills, who, in reply to the vote, jocularly said, " I am much obliged to you, and I wish you in return a good appetite to your dinner ; for I am going home to mine." The Meeting then adjourned. The following are the resolutions, founded upon Mr. IlzaAraxit's amendment. , Ist, That, in the opinion of this Meeting, the industrious and labouring classes of the State are at this time suffering under very general, undeserved, and great privation ; 2d, That the privations are the immediate consequence of an immense reduction in the value and the price of the articles which they fabricate and raise : that much reduc tion is produced by the causes over which neither they nor their employers have any controul ; the demand for labour is, therefore, notwithsta-Jiog, enormously abridged, and the power of an expenditure, beneficial alike to all, is greatly restrained ; 3d, That as every effort which has been made to pro cure these enactments, which arc calculated to restore prices proportionate to the taxes of this country, has hitherto proved unavailing, the only alternative remains in the en deavour to procure a remission of taxes, proportionate in some degree to the defalcation of prices. RETAIL OF BRITISH SPIRITS IN LICENSED HOUSES. At the adjourned Middlesex Sessions yesterday, a deputation, representing the licensed victuallers of the county generally, (but more particularly that portion engaged in the retail of wines and spirits at bars situate in front of their houses, and having im mediate access to the street), attended and pre sented the following petition, on which they prayed to be heard, either by themselves, or by their coun sel, Mr. Brodrick. _ _ _ FRANCIS CONS; Esq. presided as chairman, and by his direction the petition was read by the clerk of the court. Considering there was nothing particular expected to be brought forward, there was a more than usually numerous attendance of Magistrates upon the bench. The petition was most attentively listened to by them. It was as follows : " To the Worshipful the Magistrates of the county of Mid- diesex in Session assembled. " The humble petition of the undersigned Licensed Retailers of Wine, Spirits, and other exciseable articles, residing in the said county, on behalf of themselves and the other licensed retailers of beer, wine, spirits, and other exciseable articles, " Showeth,—That your petitioners have for many years been licensed to conduct, and have conducted with inte grity, credit, and respectability, the business of retail wine and spirit dealers, and have never in any way been charged with or committed any breach of the condition of their licences. " That the resolutions passed and published by your worships on the 29th of October last, have created great anxiety in the minds of your petitioners, and the numerous other persons engaged in the retail sale of exciseable liquors, inasmuch as they have embarked their capital in the busi ness which they have been regularly licensed to carry on, and have carried on for years, conformably to the tenour and conditions of the licences so granted, and conformably to law, as they have always believed, and are now advised and believe. " That other resolutions passed aho by your Worships on the 21st day of January instant, in relation to the business conducted by your petitioners, lead your peti tioners to believe, and your petitioners are so advised, that the Legislature only can furnish an effectual remedy for any inconvenience existing or supposed to exist. " That as evidence of the great amount of property em barked in this business, your petitioners beg to represent that the annual duty raised upon foreign and British spi rits only amounts to nearly seven millions of pounds ster ling, exclusive of the very large revenue derived from wine and beer, in which your petitioners also are very considerable dealers. " That, considering the great amount of property em barked by your petitioners and those engaged in the same business, and the ruin and distress which are always pro duced by a forced change in the conduct of any business made by those who cannot, from their habits and station in life, be possessed of that practical knowledge necessarily possessed by those engaged therein, they humbly, but con fidently, trust that your Worships will not refuse to hear them by themselves or Counsel previously to coming to any final resolution on the subject. " Your petitioners therefore humbly pray to be heard by themselves or their Counsel thereon." The petition having been read, The CHAIRMAN stopped all further obseevations, upon an understanding that its contents were to be fully discussed at the next county day. The Siamese youths have, we understand, stood the late severe weather very well, and are less af fected by it than the members of the American family with whom they crossed the Atlantic. Such is the competition at present on the Hastings road, that one coach from this place (the Wonder) takes passengers for a shilling, and another (tAie Blue)—gratis. This savours of the times when travel lers have had a good dinner given, to tempt them to a journey,—.Brighton Paper. FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE. ARRIVALS. Earl Grosvenor, from his seat, Eaton Hall, Cheshire; the Hon. Colonel and Lady Eleanor Lowther, in Bruton -street, Berkeley-square, from the Earl of Lonsdale's seat, Cottesmore, Rutlandshire ; Lord Molyneux, in Arlington-street, from the Countess of Craven's seat, near Coventry ; Lord Saye and Sele, in Bruton-street, Berkeley-square, from Belvidere, Kent; w. and F. Cavendish, Esqrs. at Burlington House, Piccadilly, from Lord G. H. Cavendish's seat, Holkar, Lancashire; the Lord Bishop of Sodor and Man, in St. James's-street , f r o m Scotland . Mrs. Peechey and Henry Peechey, Esq. in Bond-street, f rom Chatham; Mrs. Houstoun and family, at Gould's Hotel, Jet myn-street, from Brighton; Colonel Dixon, at ditto, from Chel tenham ; Captain and Mrs. Harrison, in Pall-mall, from Hast ings ; William Newton, Esq. in Harley-street, from his seat in Norfolk. DEPARTURES. Sir Charles Broke Vere, Bart. from Gould's Hotel, Jermvn_ street, for his seat, Broke Hall, near Ipswich ; 11. Villiers Stuart, Esq. M.P. and Captain Stuart, from Warren's Hotel, Regent_ street, for the Continent; Charles Thompson, Esq. from Ellis's Hotel, St. James's-street, for France; Mr. and Mrs. W. Met. calf, from Grosvenor-sheet, for Brighton; Captain Leake, from Albemarle-street, for Bath. His MAJESTY held a Court yesterday after noon, at his Palace at Windsor, which was attended by the LORD CHANCELLOR, the Lord President of the Council, the First Lord of the Treasury, and the Secretaries of State for the Home and Foreign Departments, the Lord Steward of the Household, the Treasurer• of the House • hold, the Recorder of London, &c. At the Court the Recorder of London was introduced into the presence of the Kinn in Council, and made his report of the convicts capitally convicted at Justice-hall in the Old Bailey during the December sessions, when his MAJESTY was graciously pleased to reprieve all of them during his pleasure. The KING gave audiences to the LORD CHANCELLOR, the Duke of WELLINGTON, Earls BATHURST and ABERDEEN, and Mr. Secretary PEEL. The Earl of CHESTERFIELD was the Lord in Waiting, Sir ANDREW BARNARD the Equerry in Waiting, and Sir EDMUND NAGLE the Groom in Wait ing. An elegant dejeune, was prepared for the Ministers on their arrival from town. His MAJESTY entertained the LORD CHANCELLOR, the Duke of WELLINGTON, Earl BATHURST, the Earl of ABERDEEN, Mr. Secretary PEEL, the Earl of CHESTERFIELD, and Sir Was. FREMANTLE, to dinner in the evening. Mr. VESEY FITZGERALD passed an un favourable night on Wednesday night, and was not so well yesterday. SCOTS APPEALS.—It is understood to be quite settled that Lord WYNFORD is to hear Appeals next Session. His Lordship, indeed, was raised to the Peerage last summer, on an implied condition that he should give assistance as Deputy-Speaker in the House of Lords ; and he is in many respects well qualified for this important station, being unquestionably a man of high talent, ready elocution, and known professional experience. —Edinburgh Advertiser. It is supposed that Mr. ALEXANDER, the Editor of the Morning Journal, and the other persons connected with the paper, who were found guilty of libels upon the KING, the CHANCELLOR, and his MAJESTY'S Ministers, and also the House of Commons, will be brought up for the judgment of the Court on Monday next. Mr. 'Veins, the solicitor for the Treasury, was in consultation with the ATTORNEY-GENERAL on Wednesday morning for a considerable time. Some reports say that they will be brought up on Tuesday; but as Mondays and Thursdays are the judgment days, it is most probable that the Court will not break through the rule on this occasion.—Morn ing Advertiser. County Meetings thicken on us as the meeting of Parliament approaches. Mr. JAMES, late Member for Carlisle, at th e Cumberland Meeting on Tuesday last, of which we give a report, avowed boldly that he " was for low prices, low rents, and low taxes. He should like to know who ever heard of the farmers or of the people of England being injured by low prices in any former age ?" " To attempt to cure the evils we were enduring (he said) by again resorting to a depreciated currency, would be committing a double injustice, producing increased confusion by a second alteration of existing contracts. He hoped never to see the day when a Minister of this coun try should have again to resort to so base, so vicious a system of finance. Look at that state of things which enabled a country, during a long, a wasteful war, to enjoy what was called prosperity ; and which, after fifteen years of profound peace, left thousands and tens of thousands of the people in want and rags--living upon twopence a-day, or dying at our doors in hunger and starvation. . . The Duke of WELLINGTON had said, during the last Session of Parliament, that to return to a depreciated cur rency would not only be attended with injustice, but go far to endanger the existence of the State itself. With the Premier he fully coincided." As one of Sir JAMES GRAHAM'S constituents, he called on him to insist on the remission of taxes—" it was his duty to oppose all grants for the building of Palaces—to stand forward and boldly denounce such scandalous extravagance committed at a time when the people were starving."—Morning Paper. The respected relict of ROBERT BURNS, who, we are happy to say, still enjoys tolerable health, and is spending most tranquilly, and in all comfort, the evening of her days, received last week a well-written though most singular letter, in which the author, after many apologies, expresses himself to the effect, that she would be good enough to prepare, wait her own hands, a Scotch haggis, and address it to the care of the post master of Dairy, so that the said precious compound might arrive in time to grace the anniversary meeting of a Burns' Club, which was to be held in a certain town in Ayrshire. The writer farther states, that there is no coach that runs to the town or village in which he resides, and as we know of none that travels from Dumfries via Dairy, we presume he meant the haggis to be sent by post.—Dum fries Courier. SHERIDAN ON HIS KNEES.—When SHE SUDAN lost his election for Stafford, his friends were as sembled for the purpose of dining after the fatigues of the poll, when no host was forthcoming to preside at the not very festive board. Amongst the party, however, was a very fascinating young lady, who had taken great pains in forwarding the interests of the defeated candidate, and who was so much moved at his mishap, that like another Niobe, she was melting into tears at the failure of her favourite, when he unexpectedly entered the room. Being made acquainted with the cause of the fair mourner's sor row, he fell on his knees before her, and breathed forth the following gallant impromptu : " Oh ! what will become Of me, a sinner! I've lost my election, My heart, and my dinner !" THE FRENCH OPERA.—The representation given last night at the Royal Academy of Music, for the benefit of the poor, was as brilliant as it was productive. The accounts have not yet been balanced, as free gifts con tinue to arrive momently from persons who could not at-- tend. The receipts may already be estimated at upwards of 50,000 francs-2,0001. sterling. The presence of the KING, of the DAUPHIN, the Duchess of BERRY, and the whole of the ORLEANS family, added to the brilliancy of the meeting—the object of which was beneficence. Inde pendent of this motive, which acts so powerfully upon French hearts, the presence of four first-rate talents formed an additional attraction. Mesdames SONTAG, CINTI, MALIBRAN, HEINEFETTER, proved such a constel lation as will not be soon again beheld. Mademoiselle SONTAG has gloriously terminated her dramatic career in Paris. The public called for her with much anxiety after the curtain fell, and many chaplets were thrown down at the moment of her re-appearance. Blessed were the dilettanti who had it in their power to attend, for they may one day exclaim, " I, too, was present at the repre•. sentation of the 24th of January, 18'30 !"—Journal du Commerce. The small pox is very prevalent at Welling borough : many have died, but we cannot learn that any have died who had been vaccinated, although a great many instances have occurred, where those who had the cow pox have taken the small pox.—Drakard's Stam ford News. NOVEL EXHIBITION OF A STEAM OMNl nus.—On Wednesday afternoon, between three and four o'clock, an immense number of persons assembled in Os naburg-street, Regent's-park, and the New-road, to wit ness the exhibition of a new invented steam Omnibus, which proceeded from Mr. BRAITHWAITE'S manufactory, in Albany-street, Regent's-park. The steam-apparatus is in the front, in a machine something similar to a light cart, guided by two men and an engineer ; and the Om nibus is attached to it, with a boy to attend on passen gers, in the usual manner. The Omnibus was filled with passengers. The velocity with which it proceeded along the roads was surprising, passing every other vehicle that attempted to compete with it. There were several gen tlemen on horseback, and they were compelled to keep their horses on the full gallop to keep up with it. From the general appearance, there cannot be any doubt of its answering in every respect; and there is a great advantage by the machine containing a plentiful supply of coals and water. From the speed with which it proceeded, passen gers could at any time leave Paddington, and reach the Bank in a quarter of an hour. —From a Correspondent. THE TITHE SYSTEM. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. •Sts,—The last Number of the Quarterly Review is ominous in more respects; than one; I invite your atten tion to the following passage in an article on Tithes " It is most desirable that no arrangements should he made for the commutation of tithe upon land, tending to weaken, either in the minds of the Parishioners, or of the Incumbent himself, the impression that his professional emoluments constitute a compensation for the due dis charge of his professional functions; and that without the strict fulfilment of this condition, he has, neither in equity nor in honour, any title to the profits of his benefice." You will observe, Sir, that this article is written in de fence of the Church, and in vindication of her claims to tithes; the admission is therefore made by an unwilling witness, and it amounts to this, that where the Clergy do not reside (residence being clearly one of their professional functions) they have no claim in equity or honour to pro fessional remuneration. The question, then, for the public, is, how is this duty to be enforced ? and if not en forced, bow is the payment to be resisted ? 1 despair of any remedy from the Bishops; pluralities, and non-resi dence have grown up under their fostering care. But the interest at stake is too important a one to be neglected, and I wish, through your columns, to put it deliberately to the country, whether the Legislature should not at length be called upon to interpose its authority between these unjust claims of the Church, and the just rights of the people ? Let every parish, where no Clergyman resides, petition Parliament to be exempted from the payment of tithes to the absent Clergyman, and let us then see how Parliament will deal with the question. Your obedient Servant, AN ENGLISH PROTESTANT. January 26, 1830. ETON BOYS NEGLECTED. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—You are a great practical Reformist, and you will do the rising generation a service by the insertion of the following letter in your Paper, as it has for its object an improvement in the system of education at our great National Seminary of Eton ; for if the masters adhere to the usages begun centuries ago, and will not keep pace with the improvements of the age, it will cease to be the great landmark that we have so loiag looked up to; and on enquiring of the curate of my parish, he informs me that in the examinations for prizes at the University of Cambridge, the Eton men rarely are successful, and that it is notorious how inferior they are in that classical knowledge for which the last generation was celebrated. Your's, PHILO. TO THE REV. Da. KEATE, HEAD MASTER OF ETON. SIR,—My son went into the 6th form a year ago, and on examining him during the holydays I was grieved to find that he had made no progress in his learning, and I almost thought he bad retrograded, and on a minute in quiry I found that during the last half year he Lad been only called up twice to construe his lesson, and so small is the chance of it that he rarely Went prepared, and lie believed it was the case with most of the boys ; and my son added, "We cannot lose our places." Surely this security to an idle boy, and the want of encouragement to ati industrious one, is a great evil, and might be corrected by occasional examinations, and if the classes were smaller, this temptation to go up to lessons without preparation would be much diminished. I know you have the cha racter of Eton much at heart, and will take in good part what proceeds from a good motive, and as I hope the College will soon enable you to retire from your labours, by bestowing on you some signal mark of their approba tion, you will leave Eton not merely great in numbers, but greater still in character. Yours, faithfully and truly, Kent, Jan. 25, 1830. p. DUELLING. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sta,—l have read with much interest a communication on the subject of Duelling from a clerical correspondent. I differ, however, from the benevolent clergyman, and am inclined to think its utility in a worldly point of view can be easily defended. In framing the ingenious project of a Court of Honour, I do not think your correspondent has sufficiently taken into account a motive which often forms a portion of the incitements to personal insult and ag gressi,A. - A motive which often has a large share in inciting one man to insult and challenge another is this—a hope and expectatio❑ that the insult may be inflicted without involving the insulter in personal danger. One coward threatened another with a horse-whipping, who answered, " you and I know very well whom we may horsewhip." The effect of the court of honour would be the multipli cation of insults belonging to this class. There are many men who, if they knew an apology was the only reparation which could be exacted for their aggressions, would be much more lavish of those aggressions than they are now, that the reparation required is to suffer a pistol to be dis charged at them. With regard to the few notorious duellists I consider them to be fools, they are pests to society, and are con tinually interrupting its harmony, because in their stu pidity they imagine that honour is a word of such limited signification that it means nothing more than a disregard of personal danger. These vain blockheads fancy that as their affairs of honour accumulate, their reputations ascend. Nothing can be more absurd than such a notion, ard the miserable beings who entertain it should, by common con sent, be kicked out of the society their idiotic conduct die turbe.—l am, Sir, your obedient servant, A MILITARY OFFICER. Jan. 19, 1829. *,,,* We shall be happy to hear again from our sensible and spirited Correspondent. —Ed. Sun. SHAM NAVAL BAT TLES. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN - late accounts our squadron in the Mediter ranean were all well, and our jolly tars have been com pensating themselves for not having any real work to do in their own line, by a little sham-fighting, which, by the bye, is quite out of their way. The last gunpowder battle is called the battle of Mytelene; as the former, which so astounded the Sicilians, was styled that of Syra cuse ! The day after the Madagascar joined us near Scio we had this brilliant effort of genius, which will be long remembered by the performers ! The Spartiate and Windsor Castle managed to hove one or two sick on board, and therefore asked permission to decline taking a part in the glories of the day, which was conceded ; and the Samarang and /sip. took their places in the line, hove to, and received and returned the fire of the Asia, Ocean, &c. tcc. Scc. without one single manoeuvre taking place to give even a semblance of benefit to the actors in this scene ! So much for the idea of its utility as to the practice of seamanship On the former occasion, above alluded to, the Welles ley, when a similar plan was proposed, instead of taking even these playful blows quite so tacitly, passed athwart the bows of one of the ships, luffed up under the Admi ral's stern, and raked him. This manoeuvre was entirely unexpected by his Excellency, and it very considerably surprised and annoyed an elderly lady. on board, for whose amusement principally the sham-fight took place. You may well suppose that, situated as we are, we should not be backward in catching at any thing that could benefit us, either physically, morally, or professionally; but the above child's-play (or old-foolery) can do neither, and is only calculated to expend an enormous quantity of gunpowder uselessly, and to make us ridiculous in the eyes of every one. This, my dear friend, is not my opinion only, but the general feeling of the whole fleet. FROM A FORMER CORRESPONDENT AND Dec 28, 1829. ADMIRER. Mr. HUSK ISSON and Mr. CIIARLES GRANT left town yesterday to join a numerous party, who have been invited on a shooting excursion to the residence of Prince Laorotn at Claremont. ROYAL ACADEMY.—Strange rumours are afloat with regard to the late election. The members of the Academy, it is said, felt extremely indignant at the appointment of Mr. WILKIE as principal Portrait Painter to his MAJESTY on the very eve of the election, which appeared to them in the light of an attempt to overawe them. Without presuming to discuss the merits of the different individuals on whom attention was directed as likely to receive the honour of the Presidency, we believe we may say, without fear of challenge, that Mr. WILKIE stood very high with his brethren, and that. be chiefly owes his disfavour with them at present to the manner in which it was manifested that he was in high favour in another quarter. He had, it is said, only two votes ; while Sir W. BEEcHEY had five, and Mr.. SIIEE eleven. Such is the rumour, and in noticing it we wish to offer no opinion of our own as to the choice of the Academy.— Morning Chronicle. THE LAWS OF PARTNERSHIP, COM- MERCIAL AND BANKING. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—From the extent and variety of your information upon all questions affecting the in terests of the Empire at large, I might have ex pected, that in urging the policy of amending one of the above laws, in favour of a more liberal ex- ' tension of its principles, for the investment of capital, you would have adduced the example of Ireland, where the French system of en com mandite has been in legal operation for many years past, and unquestionably productive of great advantage to that country. The Act of Parliament, which is called " the Anonymous Partnership Act," was introduced thereby the late Lord Annesley, many years before the union ; it enables individtials possessed of capi tal, but not disposed themselves to engage in commercial or manufacturing pursuits, to invest, in partnership with others, any sum not less than 1,0001. withorttfitrther risk than the sum so advanced, which must be the whole amount intended to be engaged." And in recommend ing the policy of the measure to the Legislature of that country, he strenuously relied upon the necessity of encouraging by every means the employment of dead capital in commercial un dertakings, whether trade or manufactures, where a paucity of this requisite was generally acknowledged as the most formidable obstacle to the civil prosperity of Ireland. Adopting his Lordship's sentiments most con fidently in reference to that country, where this evil still unfortunately exists to an unprecedented extent, considering the fertility of its soil, and the superabundance of its produce, there yet seem to be no arguments applicable to Ireland which may not, with still more force, apply to England, where capital so much abounds, and where its profusion, from the want of legitimate employ ment, has been the frequent cause of transporting it abroad, with most improvident temerity, and there sinking it for ever, either in Foreign Loans, or other enterprises equally ruinous in the result; or else generating at home that mania for bubble speculation, which, to the disgrace of the common sense of England, lately involved so large a por tion of our population in visionary schemes of pecuniary profit, and eventually exposed so many individuals to all the consequences of pecuniary embarrassment. Nothing surely can be more natural than the caution and timidity which these examples must excite in the mind of a prudent man possessed of capital, and wishing to employ a limited portion of it in bettering his condition in life ; he sees on one side the effect of a foreign enter prise in the total loss almost of the capital en gaged ; on the other, his personal responsibility, so deeply implicated, as to endanger the pro bable loss of his entire property, and he pru dently resolves to' reject both, as pregnant with hazard to his interests. While on various considerations of legitimate and rea sonable benefit, recommended by every principle of national policy, he might be disposed to com mit a portion of his property to the management of a son, whom he wished to establish and for ward in life ; or to a friend, in whose skill and integrity he reposed entire confidence ; or to some other individual, whose genius and merit might justly entitle him to the patronage of those who could alone supply the means of maturing both into prosperity and distinction ; provided that in all these cases, and many more which might be included, he were legally protected from the danger of miscarriage, beyond the sum ac tually advanced ; and provided also, on the other hand, that the sum so advanced should in every case be sufficiently respectable to protect the public from the effect and abuse of merely speculative experiments. If further proof were wanting to confirm the effect of personal responsibility, in deterring men of capital from commercial investments, apart from their own controul, it may be found in the backwardness and difficulty evidently experienced in propagating the system of share banks through out England, a favourite project with the late Lord Liverpool, in whose administration the law for that purpose was introduced. This law makes every individual shareholder responsi ble for the whole amount of his property, while, with strange inconsistency, it enables any set of projectors, associated or confederated together, to commence and carry on the trade of banking, without any regulation whatever as to the quantum of capital, or the manner in which it shall be subscribed, so that on the mere subscription of a per centage, a fifth or a tenth part of whatever capital they may think proper to nominate, or, in other words, comparatively no capital at all, they may engage th 3, confidence of the public to an immense ex tent, and in the same ratio, pillage those who have been credulous enough to repose faith in a bank so constituted. This, it must be recollected, was precisely the system on which the bubble speculations of 1825 were founded ; none other than mere nominal capitals would, in fact, have answered the pro jectors of that period, whose chief object was to take advantage of such ephemeral excite ments on the public mind as the novelty or in genuity of their own schemes might produce, and dispose of their shares, on which no more than a mere trifle had been actually advanced ; and along with this to procure either tempo rary or permanent offices for themselves, as the scheme might happen to answer, in the various official departments necessary to constitute a respectable Company ! Nor can it be doubted that the same system and the same motives will continue to be less or more in operation, even in the projection of such establishments as banks, so long as the law, in its present form, shall continue to encourage and protect them ! I know it may be alleged that no intentional deceit has yet been practised in the formation of the small number of these establishments, hitherto associated together, but having all in variably adopted the principle of subscribing no more than 20 or 25 per cent. on the amount of their nominal capital. Putting forth the latter as the most prominent and, imposing feature of their character and solidity, they must be justly considered as practising in this instance a dangerous deceit upon the public mind. Since the melancholy experience of this country has long taught every practical and rational man to feel that in the science of banking there should be nothing nominal or hollow, but that every thing connected with such institutions should be solid, ample, and substantial, promptly ade quate to extend every benefit to which the pub lic may be fairly entitled, and equally ready to meet every exigence which that same public may be disposed to inflict. It is lolly, gross folly, practically speaking, to presume, that in a crisis of danger, which may be supposed alone to produce the necessity fur calling in more cdpital, men will be ready to obey that call with necessary prompti:ude. We i all know that the instinct of rats will teach them 6, `. - • :V ik • to fly from a falling building; itf.lire need no proof that the sinte kintF . of caution, whether real or imaginary, will operate with more than equal force upon the conduct of mankind. With the example of the chartered banks, the Bank of England foremost, where all capital has been invariably paid up by early in stal►nents, after each addition from the com mencement was agreed on, it is difficult to con ceive how any deviation from that rule could have been adopted by a Minister of so much prudence and caution in other particulars. Wit nessing as he did the successful and prosperous effect of this principle, in every instance above referred to, and having such frequent cause to lament the consequences produced in provincial banking, by a total relaxation of the same rule, or of any controul whatever to that effect, although the project of this law was avowedly introduced for the purpose of providing pro gressively, a substitute for the latter system, and consequently a remedy for all its defects. The only remedy in truth requisite would have been to enlarge the number of partners by law to any extent which the capacity of the di, trict might supply, and in all ether respects to adopt the constitution of the Bank of England, every shareholder taking such amount (not less than one hundred pounds) as he might desire, but in every case paying up the fall amount of his subscription, beyond which he was not to be held responsible. This would have induced a body of respectable individuals, in numerous cases, to associate together, where now, it may be justly apprehended, that a body of adven turers, with little to lose beyond their 10 or 15 per cent. upon a nominal amount, may be quite as frequent as those who would have a just right to claim the confidence of the public in that capacity.—l am, Sir, yours, PUBLIUS. LATE RIGHT HON. GEORGE TIERNEY. Yesterday afternoon a Jury assembled at the White Horse Tavern, New Burlington -street, to inquire touching the lamented death of the late Right Hon. George Tierney, M.P. Lieutenant-Colonel Phipps, 187, Piccadilly, sworn—On Monday last, the 25th instant, I was at the house of the deceased gentleman, between two and three o'clock in the afternoon. . I had been cos►- versing with Mrs. Tierney in the drawing-room; and wishing to see Mr. Tierney, I proceeded to the library to speak to him. His servant announced me, and I entered and saw him sitting in his chair in the i attitude of sleep. No one was in the library at the time but the deceased. The servant told me his master was asleep, and I withdrew. I was struck with the paleness of his countenance, but withdrew, leaving the servant to approach him. The servant almost immediately came back to me, asking me to return to the room, as he was afraid his master was dead. I immediately complied, and on looking at the deceased closely, I was convinced that such was the fact : he had ceased to breathe. I instantly directed his servant to call medical as sistance, and when alone with the deceased, I at tempted to loosen his neckcloth. I likewise felt his forehead and hands, and found them nearly cold. A surgeon soon came, and in the interim I prepared the mind of Mrs. Tierney for the afflicting intelligence, by saying I believed the deceased was suffering from a fit. The CORONER—Did the surgeon attempt to do any thing to restore the deceased in your presence ? Witness—l withdrew to the members of the family. I had not been in the house a quarter of an hour when the melancholy circumstance was discovered. I had not seen the deceased before on that day. It was at Mrs. Tierney's suggestion that I went to the deceased in the study. She said, "If Mr. Tierney is in the house, he will be happy to see you." William Pritchard, butler to the late Mr. Tierney, sworn—l have been upwards of two years in the service of the deceased as butler.. I first saw Mr. Tierney on Monday last, about half-past eight o'clock in the morning, in his dressing-room, that being the usual time of rising. He appeared'then quite as well as usual. I saw no difference whatever in him. He dressed himself, and he breakfasted about half-past ten o'clock, his family having break fasted before him. They were, however, present in the room. Mr. Tierney usually had his breakfast after his family. The CORONER—What occurred to your know ledge after breakfast. Witness—Mr. Tierney then retired to his study, and I do not believe he quitted it afterwards; he did not go out of the house to my knowledge, In the course of the morning I went to him two or three times to settle the weekly accounts. The deceased during the time never made the least complaint whatever : he appeared as well as I had seen him for some time past. No person visited him during the morning until Colonel Phipps called. When I saw Mr. Tierney he was writing a note, and had no appearance of drowsi ness or illness of any kind. When I next entered the library, it was to announce Colonel Phippta„ when the deceased appeared to be asleep in Ids chair. I announced the Colonel a second time, and received no answer. I then walked up to the chair, and exclaimed that my master was dead. Colonel Phipps was just behind me at the time. James Johnson, M.D., of Suffolk-place, Pall mall East, sworn—l have attended the deceased professionally for several years past. He has been afflicted with an organic disease of the heart, caused by its unnatural enlargement. The body of the de ceased was opened by Mr. Pettigrew and Mr. John son, jun., in my presence, on Tuesday. It, was then proved that the disease which caused his death was the same with which his medical attendants be lieved him to be afflicted. By the CORONER—A person labouring under this disease usually dies in a sudden manner. I do not believe from this circumstance that had I been 'pre sent when his death happened, I could have done any thing to relieve him. Mr. Thomas Kearsley Pettigrew, of 21, Saville row, surgeon, sworn—l examined the body of the deceased, with Mr. Johnson, on Tuesday last, in the presence of the last witnesss. I found consi derable disease of the chest, particula►ly of the heart, which was very much enlarged, especially on the right side, to which his death was clearly attri butable. The mariner of the Right lion. Gentle man's death was such as is usual in cases of this de scription. The Jury returned a verdict " that the deceased died a natural death by the visitation of God, occa., sioned by enlargement of the heart." A Jury assembled yesterday at the Town hall, Southwark, to award compensation to Messrs. Poi.- hILL and Jomis, the eminent snuff.manufacturers, No. 35, High-street, Southwark, whose extensive premises are required for carrying on the improvements consequent on the erection of new London-bridge. The ease occupied the Court from ten in the morning to eve o'clock, when the Jury returned a verdict for the ailments of 13,1001. ; including freehold and leaselic.ld property, with goodwill, &c. LATE CONIMISNION OF LUNACY.-Re joicings took place at Newton, Montgomeryshire, in con sequence of the termination of the inquiry into the ease of the alleged lunacy against Mr. EnwAlan DAVIEA, tea dealer, of Philpot-lane, London, and of Trefeen, in the parish of Kerry, Montgomeryshire. The verdict of the Jury was first communicated by a private letter which arrived an Sunday evening, and Monday morning watt ushered in by the ringing of bells and other rejoicing s , The friends of Mr. DAvirs in the town and neiglthour hood commenced a subscription on Tuesday, for the pur pose of defraying the expence on a more pohlie demon stration of their joy at this triumph over cruelty and op pression ; and on Thursday several hheep were roasted in the Market-place, Newton, and distiltuted to the poly; a public supper was prepared for a numerous arr.l respec table company at the Castle-inn ; and a-. a tini.li to the whole, Mrs. D. was burnt iu cftigy.— Chester Cow-aut.