The Sun. — London, England, 1863-10-15 00:00:00

THE WESTERN STATES, (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY, Sept. 23. I had devised to go down the Mississippi River from St. Louie, and visit the various ports of Cairo, Memphis, Vicksburg, Port Hudson, Natchez, and New Orleans, w h e n, in an evil moment, the war. General Rosencranz diverted me like exploits of front my pill:Pose, and here am I, now, on my way to Chattanooga, with very little hope ever to be able tci reach my destinaqon. The news of the san guinary tffairs in East Tennessee of Saturday and Sun day last only reached St. Louis on Monday, and threw that city into a perfect fever of frantic ex- P • ec tation The movements of Gene ra l R osencranz across the Tennessee River bad caused my friends the officers of the Union party to look grove, and th e y professed, rather loudly than earnestly, their full confidence in that General's prudence and cool ness, asserting that " he knew what he was about, and if he deemed it safe to move forward, there could be no reason Why he should keep back." That great uneasiness beset my friends the Union officers' minds there could, however, be no doubt, and when the intelligence came, like a clap of thunder, that Rozencranz had unexpectedly found himself in pre sence of superior forces, that he had been attacked by the combined corps of Bragg, Johnston, and longstreet, summing up altogether a force of no less than 140,000 combatants, people began to feel sure he had been caught in a trap and decoyed into a position from which he could not extricate himself without grievous losses. The first news reached St. Louis by private telegrams, generally forwarded by the correspondents of the local press; these first bulletins—hasty, perhaps, but genuine —talked of a positive defeat of Rosencranz's army, of its centre being broken through, of two divisions in complete deroute" and confusion, and the Commander-in-Claief being forced back to Rossville, eight or ten miles from Chattanooga. Since that first instalment of news the tele graph has been closed against all private inter course, correspondence is at an end, and all the information that reaches us in the West comes in a roundabout way from Washington, where the United States' authorities monopolise the wires, and prescribe what we shall read, hear, and believe. I left St. Louis yesterday at 4 o'clock in the after noon, and arrived in this city at 8 this morning, just a quarter of an hour too late for the train which, according to time-tables, should have taken me on to Nashville this same day—a disappointment too common to all men travelling byill.regulated Ame rican railways, steamboats, and other public eon- Teyances. As it turned out, it was just as lucky I could not proceed on my way, for the people assured me no man could travel from here to Nashville without a pass from the military authorities, and on any applying for it to the officer in command, Col. Mundy, that gentleman used his best arguments to dissuade me from a journey which, he assured me, would be bootless, as the persons in command at Nashville would never allow me to follow my route to Chattanooga, or go even a step in that direction. As I had in my pocket letters for Generals Rosen cranz, Burnside, Gordon Granger, and others, I begged to differ from the gallant colonel, and re newed my request that he would supply me with a pass as far as Nashville, as I there would risk the alternative of being allowed to travel farther or being compelled to a backward movement. The colonel was about to relent and comply with my wfshes when an orderly broke in upon us, inform ing the colonel that the rebel guerillas had burnt the bridge near Elizabethtown, on the Nashville and Louisville Railway, only forty-two miles from this latter place, and that the train had come to a dead stop there. Presently another pale, breath less messenger rushed in to tell of other out rages perpetrated by these same rebel bands at other points on the same railway, and to beseech the Colonel to " send as may of his troops as he could spare for the protection of the endan gered line." Going to Nashville for the next day or two is, therefore, out of the question no less for me than for any other person, and here I mast stay, awaiting events. The information we receive from Washington respecting the affair at Chattanooga will be before you much earlier than this letter has any chance of reaching its destination. All I can allow myself leave to observe is that, however care fully the Washington despatches may be got up so as to:reassure men's minds, strongly excited by the first unchecked and unvarnished announcement of the facts, they do not materially affect the substance of that same announcement, nor do they make Rosencranz's position a whit better than we were at first inclined to consider it. Rosencranz, it is said, " had to bear the shock of 140,000 Confede rates; two of his divisions behaved badly; he had to fall back in good order (if so we are to believe it), and was waiting, either at Chattanooga or at Rossville, about eight miles above it, such rein forcements as General Burnside could bring up to him from his station at Knoxville, at a distance of 110 miles." Whether these reinforcements would come up in time, and whether they would enable the Federals to cope with the force of 140,000 men whom they have already before them, with sach additional aid to the Southerners as might in turn be sent up from the other side, events will soon de cide. Men of Southern tendencies meanwhile are wistfully speculating here on what contingencies might be in store for Rosencranz should the anxiously awaited reserves chance not to come up in time, or should they prove to be inadequate to the Want. Even should the Confederates be unable to alive Rosencranz fi'om Chattanooga and to cut him to pieces in his retreat across the Tennessee River, his position would still be extremely pre carious, unless he soon found himself sufficiently strong to t a k e the offensive, as the Washington bul letins prophesy, or at least so to protect his rear as to secure an uninterrupted Chattanooga line of communication with it. Now, an c ooga lies at 151 miles from latter Nashville, an d the e town is again 185 miles from Louisvill e . The distance of 336 miles from his and regular source of supply a actual base of opera tion already places hinaartee considerable W disadvan tage ; but how much worse would his position be if e ither skirmishers fr om B ra bands, such as have been hearggofBth", or rebel sm3'ornlvg from Rizabethtown and other localities, were emboldened and to burn bridges, tear up the rails,render com munication imperfect, if not wholly impracticable ! The Union men, especially those belonging to the Re.dical or Ultra-Republican party, attach little im portance to the check which the Federal armies have evidently suffered. "lt is only one more of the bloody, resultless, and almost purposeless battles of which this luckless civil war is made up, There are thousands of dead and wounded on our sicle,it is true," they say, " but the Union abides. We can afford at any time to put up with losses 'double those of our enemies. Victory exhausts the Confederates more surely and irreparably than any amount of de feat would ever damage us-'' The most ranting fanatics exult at every mishap that offers any pro- Probability of an indefinite prolongation of the war. Their work—i. e,, the immediate and violent eman cipation of the blacks, and the total ruin and deso lation of the South—cannot be effected on any speed y C , s , to eof hostilities; it can only be the work of long, aloes inrt , fiercely contested warfare. It is . of vital Pc' mice for them that there should b.e in cessant fighting throughout the country so long at least as President their sway. Lincoln and his Cabinet hold their Th e work they have been rsvaiisel upon to u n d ertake p i, must ba accomplished bes fore the supreme p o wer comes i nto the hands o f l ess obstinate men, who mi ght li s t en to the suggest i ons of humanity and coma to a rational comp rom ise. Meanwhile, no doubt, even had the fight at Chat tanooga no other results, it must i n e t create hreu a great moral revolution in men,„ minds States. Since I first land e d throughout the this country, after Gettysburg and Vicksburg, nothing`ivE;act that the s more con stontly dinned into my ears th an the "Bogus Confederacy was collapsing, at armies were used up and demoralised, theird their Gene rals at their wits ends, their means exha.usted, thei r provisions, clothing, shoes, 8,:e., at the l owest ebb, and that there was hardly a chance of Lee hims e lf again daring to take the field, so that on the siege of Charleston, Mobile, and Richmond the curtain of this woful drama would fall." All this we heard and read usque ad nauseam, and as extreme heat put 4 stop to military operations ou A large scale rum SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 15, 1863. these broad assertions remained unanswered, when lo! the Confederates not only take the field and ap pear in the best trim and equipment, bu r y one of those strategic comliivations which h e been to them instead of numbers throughout tt e war they join issue with that army of the V. • erals which was looked upon as the best drilled a: d tried, out viit and actually whip that General on whom the best hopes of his party began to centre, and whose late bold movements had elicited so loud an ap plause and given rise to such sanguine expectations. No doubt, mere numbers and the inexhaustible ness of material means seem to secure the victory in favour of the Northerners in the long run ; but victory is put off from year's end to year's end never theless. The South has done and is doing more than would be necessary to save its honour, and is ever ready to take advantage of a nythingtha t t he ch u a lt n r c a. chance may turn out in its favour; and whatever Republicans may say to the contrary, the prolongs. tion of the a tvar has a terribly demoralising tendency in the North, parties begin to run dangerously high, and the prospect of anarchy stares the people in the face. In Missouri the Radical party are turning all their energies to remove Gen. Schofield, a gentle, well meaning man, whose reluctance to adopt sweeping measures they construe into sympathy with men of rebel tendencies. A deputation of these Black Re publicans has gone up to Washington to solicit the recall of the obnoxious commander. Prone as the Washington Cabinet may be to obey the behests of the Radicals, it is hardly to be expected that they will in to this blind animosity against a public func tionary who has done his duty with no less zeal than discernment. But, in the event of the unsuc cess of their deputation, the Missouri Republicans shrink from no violent measures. They have orga nised clubs and committees of public safety, who glory in their open hostility to Gen. Schofield, Governor Gamble, and nearly all the men now at the head of the State. The Republican party in Missouri, among the native Americans, is conspicu ous neither for its numbers nor for its character ; but they bring into the field several thousand Ger mans, a nation in itself, especially in Louis, where they constituted no less than one-third of the popu lation. These men are for the most part political refugees, who left their country in 1849, at the time of the senseless movement of Badon and other parts of South Germany. They came to America with their cry of Hecker Hock and dived into all the maddest fancies of Red Republicanism. They are not liked by the generality of Americans, because they affect irreligious and communistic notions, and are the easy prey of any demagogue who will give himself the trouble of leading them by the nose. Their vote, however gotten, has no trifling weight, nevertheless; and the Radicals reckon also not a little on their faust-recht, should ever party contest come to be decided by riots in the streets. On the other hand, the Democrats, the peace men, and Conservatives, whether of Southern tendencies or otherwise, and, in mere self-defence, even the men at the head of affairs in the State of Missouri, are compelled to seek among the Irish a counterpoise against the overwhelming ascendency of the German element. The Irish, the Roman Ca tholics especially, with their clergy at their head, are the sworn friends of the " Copperheads" in St. Louis, as they are in New York; and the Americans, who in their hearts despise both these set of aliens, are too fain to count their votes on either side in the event of an election, too glad to set them by the ears on the occurrence of a popular fight. Sept. 25. The road to Nashville is clear since yesterday, and the official reports of the burning of bridges, and other damage to the railway line done by the rebel guerillas, appear to have been greatly, and perhaps purposely, exaggerated. lam told, however, that I shall not be able to proceed further than Nash ville, as Gen. Rosencranz has issued the strictest orders that no stranger should on any account what ever be allowed to go up to his encampment, alleg ing the difficulty he has to contend with in precut ing provisions not only for his army, which is well supplied for a month, but also for the local popula tion, when the trampling of contending hosts has reduced to the direst distress. Whether actuated by this or by any other motive, Rosencranz seems de termined to have no near witness of his warlike achievements, and desirous that the world should only hear of them through the organ of the Washin gton official press. His own latest telegraph to Wash ington on the 23d, was, " I cannot be dislodged from my position"—an announcement which must satisfy the Federal authorities that their general is acting on the defensive, and that the position of the armies is completely reversed, as Rosencranz had marched out of Chattanooga, not with the intention of merely holding his ground, but of dislodging the enemy. Private information fresh from Chattanooga is to the effect that "Rosencranz's army has met with a defeat which must put them upon the defensive for some time to come. All the honour of the battles of Saturday and Sunday last, on the part of the Federals, is due to Gen. Thomas's corps, which " was the only oue that did any fighting, and de feated Longstreet with terrible slaughter." M'Cook and Crittenden's corps, which were at the centre, eg gave way in every direction," and had the enemy been aware of their success, and followed up their advantage, the Federal defeat would have been coin plete. As it was, Thomas was, by the defection of the centre, compelled to abandon his part of the field, and fell back to protect his flank. Wood and Negley came up into the abandoned centre i❑ the evening, and the line of battle was thu.3 in some manner restored. This for Saturday. Oo Sunday the Federals had to withstand a second attack, and it was again Thomas, who " saved the army of the Cumberland from annihilation.' From 10 to 12 o'clock he repulsed the Confederates in three charges, when these again turning their onset against the centre broke M'Cook's and Crittenden's lines, and drove them " in disgraceful Fanic" to Rossville and Chattanooga. Thomas held his ground with rare steadiness till, by the reinforcement of General G. Granger, he was enabled to effect his retreat into Rossville, bearing the brunt of the battle, and co vering the retreat of the whole army. These meagre particulars will probably be of little importance to England, where they will be preceded by fuller and perhaps more authentic accounts. Such as they are, however, I deemed it expedient to give them in a few words, knowing them to spring from unsuspected sources. For the rest, it requires no very deep knowledge of the subject to be aware that the conflict of Chattanooga, like so many other battles in this hopeless civil war, was only a drawn game, void of results, and leaving the contending parties pretty much as they were. The Union party are ready to hail defeat as well as vic tory as equally sure to lead to the speedy exhaustion of their foes, while the latter exult in the evidence of their unwearied vitality, and declare that the w real struggle alluthat only vast territory of Alabama, begin With Charleston, Rich mond, and Mobil e s h all have fallen into Northern hands, whe a n ak th i thechampions will fall b Georgia, and South Carolina, cannot penetrate of the Southern cause without where a hostile army 1 awaya hard f fighting, and where it cannot advancee s d e m r without unheard of effortsy, t romthe sea and rivers of o n s f ustain itself. Within this broad strongh o ld t h e Confederate e o will v i . deuce work out such withdraw with the main balk their negro labourers, and there maintaingood a themselvesinshteorree arefor them ; for no hope deferred aidanddisenchant them o f their blind reliance on foreignweary them of the vain expectation raised in their hearts by the attitude of France inwMillexie be n. There people here in Kentucky who are as sure of a a Con. vention of offensive and defensive alliance" having been stipulated between the Emperor and the Southern Commission er as if the y had seen the signed and seeded paper with their own eyes. The state of Kentucky has been " debateable ground,' between the contending parties for the last three years., and the war has weighed cruelly upon it. As many of the youths of the country as en listed in the ranks of the Confederate armies at the outbreak uf the war have since volunteered or been induced to range themselves under the Federal standards. Of these latter I have heard Union offi cers say that they are brave, hardy soldiers, highly amenable to discipline, excellent on all points, "every Kentucky man invariably behaving 45 if he deemed himself destined for the honours of the Presidential dignity at the head of the Govern ment of the United States." Nothing more common here than to talk with parents whose children are equally shared among the contending parties in this unbrotherly feud, half on the one side, half on the other of every battle field, and to these it is not easy, under such conditions, to pray for victory to either party. " Old Kentuck," however, is, in the mass, stanch Secessionist, or, I should rather say, South ern sympathiser, nevertheless. These people are more outspoken than the Marylanders, and the Government seems to have too much respect for their strong-willed and resentful character not to treat them with comp ara ti ve gentleness and huma nity. The milita r y commander exercising absolute sway here, such as General Boyle and Colonels Mundy and Hanson, are all Kentuckians, and their countrymen have to apprehend from them none of the wanton brutality to which people at the mercy of such " Yankee lawyers" as Butler and Schenk had to submit. With all these advantages, how ever, the Kentucky people describe their condi tion as deplorable ; they point to the country houses, homefields, gardens, and groves which have been burnt down, cut down, or otherwise laid waste by the soldiery quartered there with a view to punish a supposed rebel, or to being to terms sus pected disloyalty. They complain that the laws are put aside altogether; that, however lenient, the rule of the military is wayward and arbitrary; that scarcely a day passes without the disgraceful exhi bition of "ladies,"- as all white women are called in America, dragged before the Provost-Marshal to answer the charge of having "waved their hand kerchiefs," or otherwise showed sympathy to Con federate prisoners. A whole bevy of 25 misses in their teens, belong ing to an " establishment " of which I do not well know the nature—factory girls, I suspect—had to put up with that indignity no later than yesterday ; and although it was admitted that their guilt rested on no proof, and their innocence was fully established, still they had to submit to that silly ordeal, the "oath of allegiance ;" that vain and gratuitous an noyance which does not , se cure the fidelity of a single citizen, but greatly adds to the number of the disaffected and the " martyrs." The press, as it enu merates these deeds of wanton severity, takes care to attribute high praises to the men in authority for the gentleness and courtesy with which they acquit themselves of their irksome duties. No civility or politeness, however, can make amends to a young lady or woman—if the words are equivalent in a republic—or to het parents for the part she may be made to play in a " scene at the Provost Marshal's;" nor is it any consolation to her or to her friends, after being dragged into a court-room, to have it ultimately stated that she was "not guilty of any offence against the laws or the Government, and her innocence was clearly set forth." The gallant colo nel filling the office of Provost-Marshal, we are told, " fights treason at home with the same splen did bravery which has characterised him heretofore in the field." A fight with young women, however, especially if they turn out innocent, must lower a man of " fearless courage and undaunted will" in his own estimation, and it is difficult to imagine that any real strength may accru e t o th e G overn ment by taking note of any wave of a h an dk erc hi e f, or even of any tear, by which tende r woman ven t ures to ex press her sympathies in b e h a lf o f un f ortuna t e valour. Again, in the same aft ernoon o f yes t e rday a " lady" was requested to call at Colonel Hanson's office and take the oath of allegiance to the United States ; she called as desired, but insisted that she had only lived in Louisville two months, and had not had time to say anything either for or against the Government. The Colonel replied as follows " Madam, with all the facilities you have for talking you could have said a great deal in that length of time." Upon that suppositious argument that "it was just possible she might have spoken for or against the Government," the oath was enforced upon her, and she " took the oath.' I know not to what extent compulsory oaths may be binding on American consciences, but, judging from the com mon standard of humanity, I should feel less dis posed to rely on the allegiance of that or of other ladies after they had been sworn than before. It is meanwhile by this galling yet almost puerile system of persecution that the Government, and the Radical faction which influences it, lay up for them selves such a treasure of rancour, such an immense amount of popular hatred in these Southern dis tricts. The mere name of " Yankee " was already sufficiently obnoxious in these parts in former times, and the very men and officers who are now fighting side by sid e i n th e U n i on ran k s w i t h Northerners and down-Easterners harbour feelings of contempt and dislike against their " brothers in arms" which amount to unjust and absurd prejudice. This san guinary war could hardly fail to aggravate these mutual animosities; still torrents of blood shed in the field, and dire execution in the heat of long con tested victory, were hardly fraught with as much mischief, so far as the prospects of future union as based on ,good P understanding are concerned, as the cold blooded severity, the vexatious inquisitiveness, the fretful jealousy and vindictiveness of the Go vernment and its subaltern 'agents. These Louis villians, who speak to me unreservedly, are per fectly savage about it. Their hatred, to hear them, is implacable, and were nothing to turn up to miti gate their fate " they would all desert their country and doom themselves to perpetual exile rather than see the humiliation of their fellow-citizens, and swell the triumph of their oppressors.' I have, however, no great faith in the eternity of either love or hatted, and, although, no doubt, many of the Louisville merchants have been ruined by the interruption of the Mississippi trade, and by the annihilation of the Southern markets, yet I believe the land has too great an attraction for its natives, and offers them too ample resources, for any great number to be driven to the desperate measure of self-banishment. The Government of the United States has offered to buy from loyal landowners in Maryland all such slaves as may be deemed able to bear arms at the price of 300 doll. each; these freed men will instantly be enlisted as soldiers in the coloured regiments. 1 wish you could hear the comments of these Km. tuckians on that decree. What !" they say, " was it not enough to welcome a fugitive slave, to put a musket in his band, and place him in the ranks with white combatants P The runaway slave deserved at least some credit for daring aspiration. He might have been desirous to show himself worthy of free dom,worthy to strike a blo w for his own emancipation, forithe redemption of his fellow-bondsmen; but to buy a slave, a willing, contented slave, to fight the battles of freedom—to buy the despised African, after exhausting the market of the heavy Germans, of the riotous Irish, of the riff-raff of all Europe— is that what was to be expected - of 20,000,000 of . . freemen engaged in war against less than 7,000,000 or 8,000,000, after three years of boasted victories, after a struggle in which the material means of the stronger party were said to be multiplied, while the weaker party was described as utterly worn out, as on the eve of a final and general collapse ?" For their own part, whatever may have been asserted to ,he contrary, the Southerners will not avail them- selves of their negroes, slave or free, in their war with their former brethren. They will arm the negro, not with sword or musket, but only with the spade or the currycomb, dooming him to those menial offices in time of war for which alone they deemed him fit in days of peace. ADVERTISEMENT.]—Avoid medicines: they always aggra vate chronic complaints, but Du Barry's Delicious Health its s o t o o s rin t i g n lt ev a otherl e n r o t o A d r i e a s b , l ca i n v / a l o r o i a d b , l w y h o i n c r l e i s s t a n v , fi r f e ty a t t o i r m i n e g s perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, healthy liver, pure blood, refreshing sleep, functional regularity, and energy to the most disordered or enfeebled. We extract a few out of 60,000 Cures :—Cure No. 58,216 of the Marchioness de 13rdhan, Paris, of a liver complaint, wasting away for seven years, t ded eci eb b ility e ,:ith a nervous palpitation all over, bad d i gestion, constant sleeplessness, the most intolerable nervous agitation, and dreadfully low spirited.—Cure No. 1,771. Lord ,L B o 3 r 2 d . L , i , e r u i t f . ty of y W ea a r t a e f fo in rd d , os o oe of many agony dyspepsia._No 49, ft—rhocimrutyrdey tTeor. dyspepsia, nervousness, asthm a , co ug h, cons ti pa ti on, flatulency, spas ms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Jolly. " 96,270. Mr. diseased llr . James lungs, spittingßo bert s, of of blood,F r Iml ey, liver Surrey,dorang derange f . ment, and partial deafness. —Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies. —Cure No. 64816. The Rev. Jas T. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, "of indigestion and torpi dity or the liver, which had resisted all medical treatment." In tins, 1 lb., 2s. 9d. ; 21b., 4s. 6d ; 51b., 11s. ; 121 b , 4 225. ; 241 b 40s.—Barry Du Barry and Co., No. 77, Regent-street, London; also Fortnum and Mason ; and all Grocers mid Chests in every t 91911 of the United Eingdm. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. NEWMARKET SECOND OCTOBER MEETING. The i continuance of this splendid autumn weather helped to draw a concourse to the heath this morning, not always seen on the day after the Caesarewitch, and which the at tractions of a not particularly interesting card scarcely war ranted. Water Kelpie and Curacao, wretches both, scarcely raised a gallop in the Beaufort Stakes, and Anonyma cleverly snatched the race from the favourite Donnybrook in the 25 soya Sweepstakes. There was a good race between Signalman and the Plush filly for the 15 sovs Sweepstakes, which Mr. Payne's colt won by a head. Lord Glasgow's star was again in the ascendant, he winning his match with Mr. Greville cleverly after a good set-to at the finish. Maccaroni walked over for the Select Stakes, Roman Bee, reported to be "a clipper," declining a:contest with the Derby winner—and the Bedford was an easy victory for Goldylocks. Donnybrook cantered in some dozen lengths in advance of his horses for the Ottlands Handicap, and though Lord Stamford's Orpheus was fancied by the cog noscenti for the 50 soya Sweepstakes, it proved only a canter for Mr. Naylor's filly, who won with ease by a length. The sun shone brightly all day, and though the sport was not of a very first-rate character, yet the weather some what made amends. lhe Beaufort Stakes of 150 sovs each, h ft; for colts, Bst 1011); fillies, Bst 61b; untried mares or stallions allowed 31b, if both 51b. R.M, 4 subs. Mr. Saxon's Water Kelpie, Bst 31b (31b) .. (Midgley) 1 Sir R. Bulkeley's Curacao, Bst 31b (31b) (W. Boyce) 2 Betting-2 to lon Water Kelpie, who made all the run ning and won in a canter by two lengths. Sweepstakes of 25 sovs each, 15 ft, for 3-yr-olds and up wards; weight for age; maidens allowed 71b. A.F. 3 subs. Lord Glasgow's Anonyma, 4 yrs, Bst 71b (Aldcroft) 1 Mr. W. Hart's Donnybrook, 3 yrs, 7st 51b (E. Taylor) 2 Betting -5 to 2on Donnybrook, who took a clear lead of a length, which ho maintained across the flat to the bushes, where Aldcroft drew up and followed him into the Abing don Mile bottom, when he challenged, and half way in the cords obtained a slight advantage and won by three parts of a length. Maiden Plate of £5O, for 2-yr-olds ; colts, Bst 10lb ; and fillies, Bst 71b; if entered to be sold for 100 soya allowed 71b. T.Y.C. Mr. Sadler's Voucher colt (£100), Bst 31b (S. Adams) 1 Capt. Goff's Eleanor (£100), Bst (Daley) 2 Mr. Gunnell's Lady Milton (£100), Bst (Hunter) 3 The following also ran .—Flutter, Charmian, Sea Boy, Verdiere, Rothschild, Flaneur, and Beloochee. Betting-5 to 2 agst Eleanor, 3to 1 agst the Voucher colt, 6 to 1 apt Flaneur, 7 to 1 agst Rothschild, and 8 to 1 agst Verdiere. They ran nearly in a line to the commencement of the cords, tha favourite, with the Voucher colt, then drew slightly in advance, the former having a shade the best of it to within a dozen strides of the chair, where Adams brought out his horse and won very cleverly by a couple of lengths; a head separated the second and third; Flaneur was fourth, close up, then came Sea Boy, Roths child, and Charmian close together, Flutter being last. Captain Goff claimed the winner, and Mr. Gunnell Eleanor. Handicap Sweepstakes of 15 sovs each, 10 ft, for 2-yr-olds. T.Y.C. 10 subs. Mr. Payne' s Pl ush colt, 7st 51b (H. Grimshaw) 1 Lord Westmoreland's Signalman, 7st 131 b (S. Adams) 2 Mr. Clarke's Roodee, 7st 1011) (carried 7st 111 b (Fordham) 3 Mr. Robertson's Blight, 7st 101 b (Brewty) 4 Mr. G. Angel's Elgiva, 7st 13Ib (Perry) 5 Mr. R. Teu Broeck's Arcadian, 7st ( Vlurfit) 6 The betting opened at 7 to 4 and closed at 3 to 1 agst the Plush colt, and 100 to 30 agst Blight, 7 to 2 agst Signalman, 4 to 1 agst Roodee, and 100 to 8 agst any other. Signalman jumped away with a decided lead, followed by Roodee and the Plush colt to the cords, where the latter headed Mr. Clarke's colt, and caught Signalman half-a dozen strides from home, and won a fine race by a head ; half-a-dozen lengths separated the second and third. The others were beaten off some distance. Match, Bst 71b each. T.Y.C. 200, h ft. Lord Glasgow's Miss Whip filly, Bst 71b (Aldcroft) 1 Mr. Greville's Bradamante, Bst 71b .... (H. Grimshaw) 2 Betting -5 to 4on the Miss Whip filly. The non -favourite made play to half way in the cords, when the favourite headed her and won by half a length. Handicap Sweepstakes of 10 sovs each, for 3-yr-olds and upwards. T.Y.C. 12 subs. Mr. Brayley's Golden Dust, 3 years, 6st 131 b (Cannon) 1 Mr. Payne's Rosina, 3 yrs, sst 71b (J. Grimshaw) 2 Mr. Samuel's Twilight, aged, Oat (A. Edwards) 3 Walloon, Stockowner, Airedale, Gentle Kitty colt, Rose bud, and Vindictive also ran. 1 asst G o ld en D ust Betting -3 t o 1 agst R os i na, 100 to 80 agst Airedale, sto 7 to 1 each Twilight and Rosebud, and 8 to 1 a gs t W a ll oon. The start was delayed some time in consequence of the restiveness of Vindictive, who bolted, and being brought back to her horses she repeated the feat, and did not get back in time to start. On the flag falling, Airedale, in com pany with Rosebud, Rosins, Golden Dust, and Twilight ran into the cords, where Golden Dust took a decided lead, and won cleverly by half a length; a length between the second and third ; Airedale was fourth, close up, Walloon fifth, and the Gentle Kitty colt next. Sweepstakes of 10 soya each; for 2-yr-olds 7st 31b, and 3- yr-olds ast, fillies allowed 31b. The winner to be sold for 80 sovs if demanded, &e. T.Y.C. 6 subs. Duke of St. Albana' Ostentation, 2 yrs (S. Adams) 1 Mr. John Day's Flaneur, 2 yrs (Deacon) 2 Mr. H. Melville's The Plover, 3 yrs (J. Goater) 3 Sir H. Des Vceux's Warhorse, 3 yrs (Custance) 4 Mr. H. Savile's Kate Coventry, 2 yrs (T. French) 5 Atlas also ran. They ran abreast into the cords, when Ostentation and Flaneur singled themselves out, and ran a close race home, the former winning cleverly at last by three parts of a length, Flaneur beating the Plover by a length for second ; the others were close up, with the exception of Atlas, who was left at the post. The Select Stakes of 50 sovs each, h ft, for 3-yr olds, colts Bst 7th, and fillies Bst 41b. Winners extra. R.M. 16 subs. Mr. Naylor's Macaroni, Oat (inc 71b extra) (Challoner) W.O. The Bedford Stakes, a sweepstakes of 30 soars each, h ft; colts Bst 101 b, fillies Set 71b ; winners extra. Last five furlongs of A.F. 7 subs. Mr. T. V a l en ti ne ' s Goldyl oc k s , B st 7l b (W. Boyce) Mr. H e n r y' s A nn i n gton, B>t 101 b .. (J. Goater) 2 Baron Niviere's Antinous, Bst 1011) (A. Watkins) 3 Betting --5 to 4 agst Goldylocks, and 7to 4 agst An nington. The favourite made the whole of the running, and won easily by two lengths. Antinous headed Mr. Henry's colt . a few strides from the post, and o bt a i ne d secon d place by hal a length. The Oatlands Plate (handicap) of 50 soya, for 3-yr-olds and upwards. Cambridgeshire Course. Mr. W. H ar t' s D o nnybrook, 3 yrs , 7 st 51b .. (E. Taylor) 1 Mr. H. E. Handley's Cheerful, 3 y rs , 7 s t .. (H. Taylor) 2 Mr. Gre a v es ' s Sledmere, 3 yrs, E st 41b ..(Morris) 3 The following also ran :—Tattoo, Loiterer, Maid of Masham filly, Black Deer, Gratit u d e , Ki ngsw ood, and Pan cake's dam colt. Betting-5 to 2 agst Kingswood, 3to 1 agst Donnybrook, 4 to 1 agst Tattoo, 100 to lb ags t t h e P anca k e dam c01t,. 8 to 1 agst the Maid of Masham filly, an d 10 to 1 agst any other. ybrook, Sledniere made the running, followed by Donnybrook, Cheerful, and the Paned e dam colt, to the Old Duke s Stand post, where Donnybrook slipped his horses and won in a trot by 10 lengths. G ra tit u d e was fourth, Captain Gray's colt filth, and Kingswood next, The others were pulling up as they passed the post. Sweepstakes of 50 sovs each, h ft, for 2-yr-olds ; colts, Bst, 101 b ; fillies, Bst 81b ; winners extra, maidens allowed 31b. Criterion Course. 9 subs. Mr. Naylor's Linda, Bst 131 b (including 61b extra) (Challoner) Lord Stamford's Alpheus, Bst 71b ........ (A. Edwards) F Baron Rothschild's Lady Hawthorn filly, Bst 51b (Daley) 3 Betting—Even on Alpheus, and 6 to 4 agst Linda. Match for 200 sovs, h ft. D.M. Lord Glasgow's Knowsley, Bst 71b Received, Baron Rothschild Wingrave, Oat A Match has been made between Mr. Naylor's Carnival, 3 yrs, and Lord Glasgow's Clarissimus, 4 yrs, Bst 71b each. 500 sovs, h ft. R.M. Match—Garotter, 2 yrs, Bst 101 b, agst Chalybeate, 2 yrs, Bst 71b. Last three miles of B.C. 100 soya, 25 ft. LATES r BETTING. CAMBRIDGESH IRE. 6to 1 agst Limosina (taken freely) 100 to 12 apt Catch-'em Alive (taken) 15 to 1 agst Exchequer (taken) 100 to 6 agat Bathilde (taken) 100 to 6 agst Birdhill (taken) 20 to 1 agst Borealis (taken) 22 to 1 agst Gemma (taken) 25 to 1 agst Despair (taken) 28 to 1 agst Jack of Hearts (taken) 30 to 1 agst Grande Dame (taken) 30 to 1 agst Carnival (taken) 40 to 1 agst Anfield (taken): 50 to 1 agat Hubert (taken) 60 to 1 agst Roman I.3o4(taken) THE DISPUTED RACE AT BEDFORD.—The members of the Jockey Club have awarded the race won. by Soutuise at Bedford to Faith (who came in second), on the ground that the French filly was not a maiden. Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur chasing Horniman's pure Tea; very choice at 3a. 4d. and 4s. "High Standard" at 45. 4d. (formerly 4s. Bd.), is the strongest and most delicious imported. Agents in every town supply it in packets. _ [ADVERTISEMENT.] —Holloway's Ointment and Pills. — Unerring Precision.— When the health is breaking down from the o , 4ntinuance of some weakening discharge ; when ulcers refuse to heal and extending mischief is threatened, then is the time to try the potency of Holloway's healing Ointment and purifying Pills. No treatment for giving ease and safely leading to a cure can be compared to this. The Ointment cleans and cools the foulest and most angry sores, diminishes inflammation, reduces the swelling, pre. vents the growth of proud flesh, and spares both pain and danger. Hundreds testify from their own personal ex perience to the unwearying success attending the use of Holloway's medicaments iu case of enlarged veins, scurfy skin, and swelled mules. SPIRIT OP TH.E PUBLIC lOD-RNAiST Times.---Whoever recommended the Russian Emperor to send a squadron of frigates to Now York may congratulate himself on a gr ea t success. Now that it is done we see that it was exactly the thing to do, and almost wonder that it never oc curred before to the astute politicians of St. Peters. burg. The resemblances between the United States and the Russian empire have not only been re marked by every one who has thought on the pre gent and the probable future state of the world, but they have created a sympathy between the two Powers which is becoming stronger under the in fluence of calamity, disappointed ambition, and the rebukes of the civilised world. Beth in their ar rogance and petulance of a few years since and in their present tone of more limited pretensions, the Americans and Russians have shown an accord which indicates the gravitation of the two Powers to a permanent alliance. In the palmy days when Nicholas affected to be the arbiter of the Old World, and the American Presidents were conquering provinces in the New, the constant theme of congratulation between the Republic and the Despotism was the decadence of all Powers but themselves, and the certainty that they would subject all the countries about them, one after the other, to their dominion. They both had enormous territory, and regions still more itn mense which they could make their own when they would. They were both new Powers, unencatn bered with the debts, the traditions, and the in ferior social organisation of their older rivals. They had a manifest destiny, and were to fulfil the designs of Providence by plundering and subjuga ting all who were not strong enough to resist. And who should resist fifty years hence, when the popu lations of the two aggressive empires should have doubled and tripled in a fashion impossible to the crowded inhabitants of Western Europe ? From these dreams Russia was roused by a war which showed how unable she was to face the Western Powers, which forced her to dismantle a fortress and cede a portion of her territory, and which, if it had continued another year, would certainly have de prived her of valuable provinces. The pride of the United States has still more lately met its fall. The disruption of the Republic, the proof that a large part of the people had ceased to care for the Union— nay, had imbibed a strong hatred against the rest of their countrymen—the gloomy prospect of lingering warfare, to be ended at the very best only by the extirpation of the Southerners and the ruin of their country —these things are weighing on the spirits of the Federal patriots, whose Fourth of July orations used once to paint such a transcendent future. In the hour of common trial the Czar gives his officers the opportunity of showing his Republican allies how mach they sympathise with each other, and resent the of England and France. Not that the discreet and guarded Muscovites would ever hint that their visit had a political object, or that they had anything but esteem for Englishmen, Frenchmen, and all mankind. The coarser part of the speechmaking is left to the New York orators, just as the interpretation of the squadron's visit, as the sign of a speedy alliance between the two countries, for the punishment of European perfidy, is allowed to be given to the world by tee American press. But there can be little doubt that what has taken place is just what the Emperor foresaw and deaired. At a time when both be and his brother potentate at Washington are carrying on a relent less war against so-called " rebels, ' and each is in some trepidation as to the policy of France, the Czar calls forth an exhibition of the mutual sympathy be tween their respective nations. The time could not have been better chosen, the success could not have been more complete. The Russian officers are the lions of the hour. They are invited everywhereJ; the British and French officers remain unnoticed on board their ships. It is entirely understood that by the unusual honours paid to the Czar's frigates is testified the goodwill of the Federal Government and people towards him and the work which his troops are doing in Europe. Republican syir pathy rises freely for one who is engaged in putting down rebels. When almost every nation in Europe pro tested against the Russian atrocities in the spring, Mr. Seward declined to condemn them. This was but the due return for the Emperor's refusal to interfere in American affairs. The good understanding still prevails. No American can see anything wrong in a Polish war, to which that carried on in Virginia and Tennessee bears so strong a resemblance. No Russian can desire anything but the success of a Government which he hopes will make a diversion in favour of the Czar, whenever that Sovereign's method of dealing with his Polish subjects is ques tioned by Western Europe. To what length the enthusiasm of the new alliance can lead a Federal audience is amusingly shown by the reported speech of Admiral Lisovski at a banquet given to himself and his officers. The health of the Emperor had been drunk with great applause, and the Admiral duly returned thanks. The praise which the Ameri can speaker lavished on his Majesty was, according to the Admiral, really deserved. "He is certainly not only the benefactor of his subjects," exclaimed the eloquent seaman, " he is the friend of mankind. From what he has already done, from what he is doing every day, he is certainly entitled to the same surname which once a Roman Emperor claimed, The Delight of Mankind.'" When we recollect that these words were spoken to and cheered voci ferously by a people who have for 80 years been preaching to the world self-government and the right of mankind to be free, we may see how little strength political principles possess compared with the impulses or fancied interests of the hour. The support of Russia is valuable, and therefore all the national traditions concerning nationality and popular rights are forgotten in a moment, and the servant of a despotic monarchy is applauded for saying that the Prince who is now ordering the massacres and confiscations iu Warsaw, and whose rule has been officially denounced as a tyranny by the most conservative Powers in Europe, is the "Delight of Mankind." That the sympathies of the audience were completely with the Russian Govern ment is made more evident by their reception of Gen. Wallbridge's eloquence. This gentleman, who made the speech of the evening, after telling his hearers that England had in the early part of the century been "driven from the ocean" by the Ame ricans, said what is true, but what has seldom been so openly avowed by American society—.“ In the struggle which Russia had in 1854 with France and England, the sympathies of our people were with Russia." This assertion was received with cheers, and cries of "That's so." His visio n o f t h e future was, that "Providence has decreed that there shall be two great hemispheres, one the 1. - isetern and the other the Western. The one shall be represented by Russia, and the ether by the United States." Equally magniloquent was ties gen. Hendricks B. Wright, member of Congress, who said that f' there were but two first-clasp:Powers in the world—Rus sia and the United States—bee aueo t h e y wor e the only two that could from their own resources and within themselves either put down insurrection or resist a combination of all the other Powers of the world." (Applause.) Indeed, the community of the two great empires, made more sensible by the circum stance that both are engaged in "putting down the rebels," seems to have been the Idea pre sent to every one's mind. It wanted but this bond to make perfect the union between the two nations. Each will bid defiance to the world, relying upon its just right to destroy every population and devastate every province which dares to disarrange its plans of empire by any such words as "liberty" and " independence.' HERALD.—Possibly there are cogent reasons why every year the assemblage of the Social Science Con gress should be denounced as an explosion of wind bags. Possibly, too, there is a cause in Nature for the aggravated derision with which, from particular quarters the association is assailed when it meets at Edinburgh. We might, perhaps, be following the example of exaggeration were we to prefer the amiable debates in the Scottish capital before the tilting of crowned heads at Frankfort-on -the Maine. But there is, after all, a peculiar fitness in the choice of Edinburgh for this year's summing-up of results deduced from the quiet meditations of ear nest men upon the questions which touch the inte rests of every man, woman, and child upon the earth, No doubt, as the cavillers urge, there is superfluous small talk, there are worthless papers, there is infi nitely more than would suffice of mutual eulogy; but let these weaknesses, and the amenities ar i s i ng from them, pass. It is something to get the more prosperous and better educated classes to think of the social strata beneath them, and Edinbur g h h as invariably been hospitable and con gen i a l w i t h science of every colour. It is amusing, at this com paratively s ight distance of time, t o remem b er t h e year 1835, when the British Scientifi c A ssoc i a ti on , presided over by Sir Thomas Brisbane, Sir David Brewster, and D . r. Romney R o bi nson , h e ld its fourth congress in that city. "It is ton remote," exclaimed a number of timid philosophers, ' from the scientific population of the island. ' The meeting cannot succeed." H owever , t we l ve hundred and sixty eight members w e r e present, with Arago, Agassiz, and Brougham. They saw then, and com mented upon, what Mr. Chadwick and Dr. Arnott saw afterwards; abominations which palled for npt a little Social Science to remove them—the foul burn, the scandal of Auld Reekie, with its populous and 'wild banks, the noisome marshes around Holy rood. How much has since been changed at the bidding of a social science less organised and, some might say, less ostentatious than that of our times) But the ostentation, pr rather the formality, publi city, and eclat, are useful, and hays done rod, in their degree, in the wynds of Edinburgh; "mine own romantic town," as Marmion sang, but not in ur his generation by any means too savoy, in spite of the " glosmy splendour red," the " sable turrets," and the ridges of "purple amethyst," whence could be viewed Oehit, Preston Bay, and Berwick Law. Our "gentle dulness" on this side of the border " dearly loves a joke," and Scotchmen have ecea sionally enjoyed one, even at the expense of Edin burgh; for was it not in that metropolis that, re ferring to the cry of " Gardez l'eau," once so rife in her streets—a cry silenced by social science—the audacious critic affected to doubt, " Edinburgh has been called the Modern Athens, but we trust that no one will suppose this to be the strongest point of similitude." Nothing is more obvious than the point of view whence these and similar gatherings may be triumphantly disparaged. They are convened, it may be said, for purposes of talk. But talk is a great thing in the life of a nation. Parliament is an institution of talk. Literature is talk in a particu lar form. Constitutionalism itself depends upon talk. There never was anything great or good done without being prefaced by a str ugg l e o f ta lk . I t may be granted that, in all associations, a certain amount of freedom is permitted to gentlemen—and ladies, of whom the president might ask, " Why waste your time anti me ? "—but that is unavoidable. And, as Lord Brougham observed in his inaugural speech to the congress, if the social reforms for which the association labours are not all in course of being carried out we are guilty of an unjustifiable imps. tience, upon the one hand, in despairing because humanity does not expand as quickly as vapour, and of inconsistency, upon the other, in deprecia ting those voluntary organisations of thinking and energetic individuals which prevent mankind from forgetting its own claims in its artificial form, that of an aggregated and mutually dependent society. We are glad that the Social Science Congress at Edinburgh does not restrict its survey to the topics suggested by Lord Brougham, eloquent and lumi nous though his exposition of them was. An inte rest is felt, of course, in this country in the eman cipation of the Russian serfs, in the civic liberties of the Poles, in the half-budded constitutionalism of Germany, in the relations of Austria and France, in Austria as she stands in Venice, and in Franco as she stands at Rome. We are all concerned, moreover, with the efforts of those who would complete the work of Wilberforce, and everywhere set free the slave. But we may take a hint from a medical orator who spoke on the first day of this month to the students of one of our London colleges. "I respect the inferior creation," be said, " but I will not sacrifice to them and the mercy they claim the sacred lives of my fellow-creatures." We may have sympathies for the negro and sympathies for Poland, bat we have our harvests of social progress to sow, and cultivate, and reap at home. There is crime to be checked and the criminal to be reclaimed ; there is justice to be made more certain without being more rigorous; there are the poor to be educated and guaranteed against the extremes of moral, spiritual, and physical destitution. We have a large class of friendless, unprotected, and innocent young women and girls to ba protected ; there is that monster of night and day, the supreme evil of our great cities, to be grappled with and con quered ; there is its bloody handmaiden, the child murderess, to be disciplined out of her great, awful, and dark temptation. These are the grand sanitary and social questions with which some fear less minds, represented at the Edinburgh Congress, will have yet to cope. We commend them to the advocates and friends of this beneficent and compre hensive movement. No fair-spirited discussion can leave out of sight the subjects even now brought before the congress—the system of registering deaths, the state of domestic servants, the drainage, lighting, and ventilation of towns, the prosperity or failure of co-operative societies and savings banks; but with all their singleness and honesty of put pose, the members of the Social Science Congress, now congregated at Edinburgh, appear to flinch from their highest duties, and from wrestling with those mighty, mysterious, and complicated problems before which even the liberty of the press, in a social sense, recoils. The debate must be carried on in the upper regions, or the final vote will be indeci sive. This Social Science is a science of more vast proportions than is imagined by the authors of the essays it provokes ; recognising all the merit, all the sincerity, all the talent now in the zenith of Scotland, we are bound to look beyond them, and discern immense social paradoxes with which Social Science to this day has had nothing to do. POST.—Since the reception given by the Arch duke Maximilian to the deputation of the Mexican " notables," some ten days since, the public mind has become less anxious in respect to the ultimate results of French intervention in Mexico. When at the time commenting on the nature of the reply given by the Archduke to the address of the depu tation, we spoke of it as satisfactory, no one, except perhaps sanguine speculators on the Stock Ex change, supposed that the acceptance of the prof fered throne would be absolutely unconditional. In. fact, there can be no reason to doubt that the terms of the Archduke's acceptance were settled on long before the deputation set out for Trieste, and that they were such as met with the approval of the Power most interested in seeing its operations in Mexico brought to a successful issue. When we call to mind the great difficulties which the Euro- pean Powers experienced in finding a Prince to fill the vacant Throne of Greece, we cannot but feel surprise at the comparative facility with which an occupant has been found for the Mexican Throne. In Greece, a people partly dissatisfied with their form of government, overt urne d th e ex i st i ng dy nasty, and with a una n i m ity o f whose gennineness there could be no doubt, invited in succession several princes to accept their empty Throne, Whatever may be the doubts, if any, which harass the mind of King George, none can arise respecting the loyalty of the people whom he N about to govern. Of the adherents of the previous Sovereign who are still to be found in Greene there are none who would seriously gOll template a counter-revolution in favour of the exiled Otho. But in Mexico affairs stand on a very different footing. The unanimity of the po pulation in substituting an Empire for a Republic is a fact which is still to be proved. When con versing with the members of the deputation, the Archduke Maximilian directed especial attention to the fact that at least threeefourths of the population had not as yet bad an opportunity of confietninte with their votes the decision of the Provisi ona l vernment which invited him to accept the h ;gh office of Emperor of Mexico. It has of late years become th e fashion to =duet the election of Kings and Emperors after the same manner which determines the choice of an American President ; an d, if M ex i co is to substitute an gmpire for a Republic, it is by universal suffrage alone that the change is to be effected. The people are to speak for themselves, and, whim they have spoken, their decision is to be received as if it were a decree of Providence, What ever objections some the propoee might be inclined to offer to 4 mode of ,procedure, such objections possess hut little weight so long as the parties im mediately interested profess themselves content. In the foundation of the new Empire, the approval of the majority of the Mexican people is declared to be a condition precedent, and the Archduke, under such circumstances, is compelled to postpone his un qualified acceptance of the throne until that condi tion is fulAlled, The plebrseite which will pronounce hint the elected Sovereign of the Mexican people is not, however, the only condition on which the Aus• trian Prince has based his acceptance of the proffered Crown. In that ambiguous language which seems to be peculiar both to Sovereigns and Ministers of State on occasions when of all others the multitude are desirous that they should speak intelligibly and without reserve, the Archduke Maximilian referred to the guarantees which he would require to secure, at least for a term, the independence of the infant monarchy. It is indeed much to be regretted that he did not more explicitly define what it was he re quired before consenting to link his fortunes with that of the Mexican empire, because, had he dose so, much needless misapprehension would have been obviated. One of the many suppositions to which the use of the word "guarantees" gave rise was that he entertained expectations of receiving an en gagement front Great Britain to protect the new Government from foreign and domestic aggression, Accepting such a construction, it is needless to say that the imposition of such a condition would be tantamount to refusing the Crown, England with drew from the intervention in Mexico as soon as she saw the peculiar character with which France de sired to invest it, and now that matters have been bronght to an apparently successful termination, it would be utterly foreign to her invariable policy to experimentalise in the creation of a novel form of government ia a country in which she feels no ex traordinary personal interest. England doubtless has, like other nations, a mission, but the field of her labours lies for the most part At home. It would be absurd to suppose that the Archduke Maximilian is not perfectly aware of all this ; and therefore, a s there is no reason for believing that hp int en d ed wilfully to mislead the Mexican 4epAtation by ap pearing to comply with their wishes, whilst . la reality definitively - refusing the Throne offered for his acceptance, it must be presumed that a Britisohr protectorate did not occur to his thoughts referred to guarantaeteasr.i, it f is the 4r et f e o n: French Government and 02 drench ii to Which the the new ll eI 1G he o - bn i e 'ail. thing at least prepared to r, i;7, poi 9r t 0 - see , People will be not easy to form an opinion, t that the French Emperor h as risk of seems certain, namely, expenses incidental to the not incurred the heavy encountered the Mexican expedition, and an ignominious failure, merely to withdraw at sanguine hop es have the moment when his most been realised, He has not defeated the army of ; oare, taken possession of the capital of itie,iio ''d seen a Provisional Govern ment established ready to carry his wishes into effect only at the last moment to withdraw his army and allow the partizans of the subverted Government °ace more to re-estabi h ig, that state og ;,ropy an , — I which he boasted he had brought to an end. The Mexican question may still possess its difficulties, and, notwithstanding the laurels which have been culled by French troops between Vera Cruz and the town of Mexico, members may be found in the Legislative Chambers to express doubts whether the glory achieved by the French legions has not been too dearly purchased. But the question will still remain whether, having done so much, the work ought now to be abandoned. Ultimate success is the only justificati on w hi c h can b e o ff ered f or the French expedition to Mexico ; it is the only reply which a Minister could give in the Chambers to the murmurs of the Opposition. Despondency is not a trait in the Napoleonic character; and, even if matters did not wear a favourable aspect, Louis Napoleon is scarcely the man to relinquish an un finished work. But in truth everything has hap pened as the Emperor wished and intended. The late Government of M ex i co is completely and to all appearance finally ov ert h rown. So far as the opportunity has presented itself of learning the sentiments of the people, they have hailed its fall with satisfaction, and anticipate with pleasure the monarchy which under French auspices, is to be raised in its stead. Already the several E uropean Powers have manifested their intention of recog nising the new Government ; and a Prince of the highest lineage, and brother of an Emperor, has con sented to become its bead. Even were we to glance in to the future, circumstances conspire to aid the pro ject on whose accomplishment the French Emperor has evidently set his heart. The severance between the Northern and Southern sections of the American Republic has prevented either or both from orga nising that opposition to the establishment of the Mexican Empire which would otherwise undoubt edly have been set up. But as the Southern Con federacy must before long establish its indepen dence, it would be open to the French Emperor, if he so pleased, and should circumstances render it necessary, to recognise that independence, and, by an alliance with the South, secure Mexico from all danger of a Federal invasion. But the division between the North and South will of itself suffice to secure for the new monarchy an immunity from aggression. Whatever, therefore, may be the delays which may intervene before the complete establish ment of the proposed empire, we believe that even tually, and at ro distant interval, both America and Europe will have the satisfaction of seeing Mexico ruled by a responsible and a respectable Govern ment. COUNTRY MARKETS. I. NEWARK.--WEDNESDAY. Scarcely so much wheat on offer at our market to-day, and the demand was quiet at the prices of last week. Best samples of barley sold at late rates—other sorts easier. A slow sale for oats. Beans rather lower. White wheat new, 43s to 46s Barley, grinding.. 29s to 31s Red do. 39s to 41s Oats, old, .. 27s to 30s Old white 445 to 47s New do 20s to 23s Red do. 40s to 44s I Beans. 39 3 t o 41 s Barley, malting....36 s t o 40 s 1 Beans, new 37s to 39s HULL—TUESDAY. At this day's market the show of wheat was moderate, and sales were made at late rates. A fair supply of oats, and hardly so dear. Barley was taken off at former rates. Beans very little altered. Wheat.... Old white.... per qr., 44s Od to 46s 0(1 Old red )) New white .. ~ New red .... ~ Barley.... English malting 3Bs Od to 40s Od Grinding Saal and Oderbruck Holstein and Danish 3os Od to 31s Od Grinding 2Bs Od to 31s Od Oats English, old Archangel and Riga, per st o Bl2ld t o 13d Friesland and Dutch oBl3cl to 03131 d Swedish and Danish 02120 to 0,134 Beans ....English, old, per qr 43s Od to 45s 04 New pigeon 42s Od to 44s Od New tick 4os Od to 42s Od Egyptian ........ Peas Foreign boilers .. 34s Od to 35s Od Grinding .... Tares .... Spring —s Od to —s Od Indian Corn Linseed, feeding 40s Od to 52s Od Hull Linseed cakes (1114!) 110 0 oto £0 0 0 Foreign! Bl5 oto 9 0 0 Rape cakes 6 0,0 to 0 0 0 Bones 5 5 oto 510 0 LYNN-' 'UESDA.Y. At to-day's corn market t wheat, at rather lower rates. White .. 438 to 45s 114 d ..: 40s to 43s Beans 365;t0.40s New —s to --s Lere was a moderate supply of Barley 34s to 38s Grinding ..28s to 33s Oats .lBs to 24s Peas —s to —s COAL lk ?rims of Coal per 'ron ai s. d. Carway and Duffryn Malting , 21 0 Lambert's West Hart- .ARKET. the dose of tho market. A. d. Walker Primrose 12 6 ley - 17 3 Tantield Moor Butes 14 0 Bates'sWest Hartley 16 6 Ships at marki Walls End. Russell's Framwellgate.. 2O 0 Hetton . ....... 2l 0 t, 12 ; sold, 12. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton. Oct. W. via. Marseilles ... Oct, 13. &Emil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Nov. 4. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena Oct, 29. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton 014. 19. Falkland Islands via Marseilles ...O c t. 13. Gibraltar, via Southampton Oct. 16. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Oct. 27. via Marseilles Oct. 13. India (Bombay), via Southampton Oct. IS, via Marseilles Oct. 21. Portugal.... Nov. 4. Malta, .Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Oct. 19. Newfoundland via Marseill es O c t. 25. Oporto and Vi go U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.... Oct. 16, by U.S. packet.... by Canadian packet. Oct. 17. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe Nov. 0. Bahamas, via New York Oat. 22. Mexico All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, Oct. ' 29. California. and British Columbia..J EARTHQUAKES IN ENGLAND. -- The recorded cases of British earthquakes amount to more than 160, of which more than 40 have happened in the very region so lately affected. The first recorded instance is in A.D. 974, by Simeon Dunelmensis ; and the same author tells us that, in the earthquake of 1089, which occurred in the third hour of the night, houses were seen to leap up wards and return to their positions. In that of Dec. 10, 1117, which happened in the middle of the night, Matthew of Westminster declares that the "moon appeared the colour of blood ;" but he outdoes this in his account of the earthquake of December 5, 1274, which, he says, was ac companied by thunder and lightning, a comet, and a fiery dragon. Polydore Virgil adds the phenomenon of "a rain of blood " in the Pays de Galles. But we will only quote one more case, that of the fisherman of Oxford in the earth quake of 1683. The man was fishing on the Cherwell, when he perceived the boat to tremble under him, and " the little fish showed signs of alarm." Even in works high in po pular estimation the facts stated are not strictly reliable. For example, the evidence of Mrs. Graham (Lady Callcott) has been adduced to prove that in the earthquake of 1822, the whole coast of Chili was uplifted from 4 to 5 feet, the' proof offered being the alleged fact that a ship of war in thee Bay of Quinten, which before the earthquake was an iso lated wreck, after the shock was accessible to persons. from the shore. A ga i ns t thi s we h ave t h e recor d e d evidence of Mr. Hugh Cuming, the well-known conchologist, and Lieut. Bower. If we are constrained to admit the perma nent upheaval of land, we must seek a cause independent of earthquakes, which are but the subsidiary and transient phenomena of concussions or ruptures.—London Review. Births. Bus ii.—On of the the I Rev 3th Pau inst., at D u l oe Rectory, Cornwall, the wife . l Bush, of a daughter. Climuriorr.—On the 13th inst., at Moira Lodge, Denmark hill, the wife 0 . 1 Charles Champion, of Ironmonger-lane, Cheapside, solicitor, of a son. HARRIS.—On the 14th inst., at Upper Norwood, the wife of Frederick William Harris, of a son. WILSON.—On the 12th inst., at Edenwood, Cupar-Fife, the wife of Captain Thomas Wilson, R,N., of a son. KNAPP— Marriages. DO nal LLIVANs—On the inst., at Sai n t M ar y Abbott's, Kensington, Kerapst , Jr Malcolm Knapp, of H.M.S. Britannia, to Agnes. youngest daught er o f t h e Rev. Fr anc i s Dollman, of Clarendon-road, South Ken sington. IarIaTO N — CHEEsEM).N.—On the 13th inst., at Drayton, Berks J. 1. T•upton, Esq., of Kensi ngton , to E l i za, the daughter of W, Cheeseman, Esq., Wandsworth. Deaths. P.4looAuD.—On the 11th inst., at 23, Lanark-villas, Maida. hill, Mrs. Ann Hogard, aged 90, HUNT.—On the 12th inst., at Green-end, Aylesbury, Mrs Hunt, aged 93. HODGES..--On the 12th inst., at 49, Leicester-square, Vi r . H. Hodges, Esq , aged 83. MACLAINE,—On the 12th inst,, at Edinburgh, Donald Maclaine, Esq., of Lochbuy. NETRERSOLE.—On the 12th inst., at Deal, W. Nether sole) Esq., J.P., aged 79. PERRY.—On the 12th inst., Alex. Perry, Esq,, ot Stan' more, Middlesex, aged 74. SOMERSET.—On the 13th inst., at Maida-hill, C,hestiana Emma, wife of Colonel Charles H. Somerset, C , 8., l a te 72d Highlanders, and 36. printed and PuNished by WILLIAYIA NDEF;V!,,' 01 No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tnt Sum (:), i ce No. IA . : Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy. in; 1 the couptY 0^ Ididdleam—ThurfilM oQtuDer 150 UL 81 ti fr