The Sun. — London, England, 1863-08-18 00:00:00

THE BATTLES OF GETTYSBURG, (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) HEADQUARTERS OF GEN. LONGSTREET, NEAR GETTYSBURG, July 2. It was not till 4 in the afternoon that the battle commenced. Upon the extreme Confederate right advanced Gen. Hood and the Texans, who would follow his tall form up to Gehenna's gates, and the day's disasters commenced by a wound which he at once received, shattering his left arm below the elbow and forcing him from the field. His division fell to the command of the senior Brigadier-General, Robertson, who swiftly shared Gen. Hood's fate, and resigned the command to Gen. Law. On Hood's left advanced, hardly with sufficient promptitude, the division of Gen. M‘Laws. Observing some de lay in their advance, Gen. Longstreet threw him-' self at the head of Wofford's brigade, and led them under such a fire as has rarely been witnessed right up the slope. Repressing the disposition of his men to cheer him as he took his place at their head by the brief exclamation of " Cheer less, men, and fight more," Gen. Longstreet, mounted upon the same charger which he hes ridden in a score of battlefields, without either horse or rider, both recklessly and constantly exposed, encountering even a scratch, plunged into the thickest of the fight. There are in all wars undemonstrative, un selfish, and natural men, whose worth is chiefly known to their soldiers, who seldom attract and care nothing for public applause, but on whom in the direst stress of critical battle the sternest and most hazardous role devolves. To this order belongs Gen. Longstreet—a man fighting not for praise, or civil or social distinction, with a repugnance to those self-seeking politicians (a class happily almost unknown to England) who manipulate for their own advancement the reputation of such generals as con descend to become their creatures. Few, indeed, among the generals of Lee's army are such self seekers—least self-seeking of all Generals Lee and Longstreet themselves. It was natural that one of the Federal prisoners brought back in this very charge by Wofford's Brigade should, upon learning that the big man who led the advance was none other than Gen. Longstreet, have exclaimed, "No wonder we are thrashed upon every field ; there is not in the whole of our army in such Lieut.-General who wo uld have risked his life such a charge." Against the first position of the Fedecais the advan ce of Lon g street's two divisions was completely successful; against the second and stronger position he had not men enough to essay seeriously upon this day to prevail. Meanwhile on the Confederate centre and left Generals Hill and Ewell mingled in fierce conflict with their sternly-resisting enemy. Vain indeed would be the attempt to portray in language the scene which the Cemetery-hill, held by the Federal centre, and the lines of their right wing, lying im mediately behind Gettysburg, presented to the spec tator. If it had not been reserved for me to listen next day to a still more awful din, I should have fancied that no such scene had ever before saluted mortal eye or ear. A thick canopy of smoke, con stantly rent by bright darting flashes of fl ume , cast its dense pall over the struggling, bleeding thou sands who toiled and died in its centre, while out of the omue gloom, as though from the bowels of the earth, one deep prolonged bellowing roar never ceased to issue. Through the deepening twilight and on far into the night the fierce struggle c ,n -tinned, until, in the gloom, the dazzling parabolas of flame, bursting into sparkling jets and cerusca nous as the shells cracked and exploded, made a vastly pyrotechnic display. It was not untill ate is the night that it was learnt that the divisions of Rocks and Early had at one time actually carried a part of the Cemetery-hill, and had sent down a peremptory entreaty for support to Generals Pinder and Anderson of A. P. Hill's corps. But General Pinder lay at the moment desperately wounded. The request was, for some unknown reason, unheeded by . Gen. Anderson. Bodes and Early fell back to their old positions, and the only advantage gained by the Confederates consisted in the carrying by Gen. Longstreet of the first position of the Federais upon the extreme . right of the Confederate line. JULY 3. Between the first and second positions originally held by the Federal left intervened a large bare sloping meadow, nearly a mile in width. Across this Valley of the Shadow of Death the Confede rates' advance, committed this morning to the divi sions of Generals Pickett and Pettigrew, had no option but to proceed, swept by the concentrated fire of the countless Federal guns, and exposed whets nearing those guns to hailstorms of musketry bul lets. The distance was too great to advance at the double; it was necessary to move slowly and deli berately, that, as the men approached the batteries, there might be some dash left for the final on slaught. Early in the morning General Longstreet's lice stood thus :—On the extreme right the division of General Hood, commanded by General Law; next to him the division of M'Laws—these two divi sions being by General Longstreet held in hand to launch against the Federals should success attend the onward movement to their left. Next to M'Laws came the apes gregis of the moment—the division of General Pickett, supported and assisted on its left by the far larger division of General Pettigrew, belonging to A. P. Hill's corps, and ordinarily com manded by General Heth, who received a singular wound on the first day. He was struck in the centre of his forehead by a Minie bullet, which laid bare the bone, and then glided off. He attributes his escape to the fact that he was wearing a Yankee hat which was too large for him, and in front of the forehead he had inserted a thick wad of paper, which was strong enough in its resistance to the bullet to save the General's life. It should be noticed that most of Pettigrew's division consisted of men who had never been seriously engaged before. They have recently been drawn from North Carolina, where for months and months they have been engaged in watching the fantastic me naces of Generals Hunter and Foster, and others in the neighbourhood of Newbern—menaces which must have caused the Federal Government untold million s of dollars, and which have been productive of no good to them beyond the larceny of a few negroes mid the sack and pillage of sundry houses of non-combatants. It would have been easy to secure the only material advantage sought by the Federals on t h at coast—the suppression of the shad and herrin g fi eherie s in Pamlico and Albemarle Sounds—by th e presence in those waters of a few sloops of war. The division of Gen. Pickett shorn of two of its brigades, lately left i n a y to join vicinity of Suffolk, but likely, I believe, shortly join Lee's army, did not in number much exceed 4,00 0 men. The strong division of Pettigrew, its engagement of the Ist, against Gen. liei Reynolds, sustained incon siderable loss , n umbere d , with the addition of AV , il cox's Brigade, temp orari ly attached to it, aoout 10,000 men. It was naturally desirable before their attack was delivered that a heavy cannon ade from the Confederate batteries should, as far as possible , exhaust and perhaps silen ce som e of the F e d eral guns. Accordingly, under the instructions of c ol. 'Walton, Chief of Artillery to Gen. Longstreet, and Col. Walker, Chief of Artillery to Gen. A. P. Hi ll, battalions of artillery, numbering in all 140 guns, were got into position, while similar arrangements were made by Gen. Ewell on the left, so that in all - upon the Confederate side alone there must have been a con cert of about 200 guns. It can hardly be doubted that their thunder was echoed back from a similar number of pieces on the Federal side, and to - the reader's i m -giaation must it be left to conceive the diapason at 400 guns. Toe thundering roar or ail the accumulated battles ever fought upon earth rolled into cne volume could hardly h lve rent the skies with fiercer or more unearthly resonance and die. Far back into the mountains the reverbera tions rolling from hillside to hillside startled strange and unmusical echoes, Vast cumuli of cloud, such as would have shrouded 10,000 Homeric goddesses, had t hey cared in these days of villainous saltpetre to mingle' in the ',wee, floated over the strife; horses, the. suffering and tortured ministers of man's fury and Waal, lay thickly dead or horribly muti lated upon the' ground ; constantly from out of the white pall of va pear issued wounded and mangled men, and rumou that this or that General was killed, that this 0 c that regiment was reduced to a corporal's guard, traceable to no authentic source, neither believed nc `+r disbelieved by the listeners, rose as it were out of the ground, until the spec tator, a prey to that whimsical caprice which at moments of fierce and absorbing exciteme:. t seizes on men's minds, found himself wandering in thought to strange and far-off scenes, to happy valleys 'which had never seen war, and vaguely s e ,, lating how their echoes would awake and reap ind to such a thunderous din. Precisely at 1 o'clock, responsive to the warning summons of two signal guns, the 140 pieces in the Confederate centre and right opened fire; nor were their voices hushed until 40 minutes after 2. Then came General Pickett's turn, and nobly did he spring to the head of hie undaunted men, and mar shal them to the attack. With long floating locks, with a seeming recklessness, which is, perhaps, partly assumed, but which stamps him of the Murat type, General Pickett, of more demonstrative courage than other generals, but not less unflinch ing than his own sword, seemed as he advanced to lead his men into the very jaws of death. Slowly emerging into the open ground, with shells singularly ineffective, as it seemed to me (consider ing the apparently murderous precision with which they all burst) cracking and snapping over them at every stride, Generl Pickett's men seemed to take hours to surmount the mile of interval which divided them from the Federal batteries. At length their destination is reached; with a wild yell they spring into the Yankee earthworks; astride of each Federal gunrid Longstreet rides o a gt n r ef Confederate e e r e a n t e gr soldier; ztulatea the group the ar ad around General vharenacteh is isa d c r o a m w p h etlemteseucfcreesesl,y7 but df the ora quickfewmoments f General Longstreet discerns that Pettigrew's divi sion, upon whose almost simultaneous advance de pends the retention by Pickett of the captured guns, is in confusion. Upon their left Pettigrew's men when close up to the Yankee batteries, perceive a large column of Federals descending the hill to flank them. Retaining that fatal habit of thinking for themselves which is so pernicious to a soldier, the Confederates first halted, then got into confusion, then broke and fell back. The frightful damage from grape and ,canister which, shrinking at this perilous moment, they could not but sustain, was compared by an eye-witness of both scenes to the punishment inflicted on the Federals from the heights of Fredericksburg in December last. In vain did General Longstreet send Major Latro')e to General Petti grew, shortly before the latter's troops broke, urging him, in military language, "to refuse his left"— that is, to meet the flanking column bya line thrown obliquely out to meet it. Major Latrobe's horse was shot as he sped on his message, and on foot he could not get up to General Pettigrew in sufficient time tolostruct and guide him. When Pettigrew and his men fell back, the flanking column of Yankees, meeting with no resistance, swept round until they approached and overlapped Pickett. Then, and not till then, he commenced to give way. " Hide, blushing glory, hide" the cost of that re treat. Out of a division of 4,300 men he brought out, in the first instance, about 1,500, though I be lieve that another 1,000 straggled in the nest day. His three Brigadier Generals luy dead or desperately wounded upon the field ; out of all his field officers only one mejor came out unwounded; 11 out of the 13 colours which he carried into action were lost. Since the commencement of this war I know of no division on either side which has ever made so resolute an advance, or been so rudely and mur derously handled. Long will the 3d of July be remembered in anguished Virginia, from which State almost all Pickett's division was drawn. Gen. Pickett and his staff, all of whom miraculously escaped, were torn by grief at the loss of friends known for a lifetime, but doubly and trebly en deared by the common perils and sufferings of these last two years. Bat if at an earlier stage of this letter I fancied that less than his usual calmness was visible in General Lee's face, all trace of cloud and anxiety passed away in this the hour of our deepest gloom. Riding from knot to knot of the stragglers, with kind, firm, calm words encouraging the disheartened, rallying ever y man who could carry a musket or was only slightly wounded, he infused confidence and spirit into his men at the moment which of all others is most trying to volunteers. General Will- cox, riding up to him, with tears in his eyes, ex claimed, " General, I have tried to rally my men, but as yet they will not stand." General Lee re sponded, "Never mind, General, the fault is all mine. All that you have to do is to help me to remedy it so far as you can." I f any testimony to the affection and confidence inspired by General Lee were wanting, it might be found in the cheers issuing from the interior of ambulances as they passed him, bearing their ghastly load of wounded to the rear. This scene was witnessed by Colonel Fremantle, of the Coldstream Guards, who has returned to England, leaving behind him many a friend in the Confederate army, which he has ac companied for the last three weeks. _ _ After the repulse of General Pickett's division the struggle was virtually over. It is true that on the extreme Confederate left General Johnson, of Ew€ll's corps, captured a hill which would have been important had complete success attended Longstreet's attack. As it was, both armies, fear fully exhausted by their losses, fell back on the night of the 3d, to commence on both sides preparations for retreat on the 4th ; the initiative in retreating, as was subsequently believed, having been taken by General Meade. The incidents of the day's battle, the struggles of individual companies, which, to borrow Napoleon's expression, " belong rather t o the biography of a regiment than the history of an army," would fill a volume. Suffice it to say. that while the particulars of the Confederate loss being more known to me are given in more detail, there is abundant evidence that the Federals, with their heavy columns of troops massed behind their bat teries, and fearfully exposed to artillery fire, suffered a loss as unprecedented as was the valour which, for the first time in its existence, the Grand Army of the Potomac on this occasion displayed. JULY 4. A steady downpour of rain from a low brooding leaden sky—a day in keeping with the fortunes of the nation whose once joyous national holiday, the 80th since the acknowledgment by England of its independence, was rolling g loo m il y and uno b s erved away ; the sight in everygrov grove a n d almost under every tree of burying parties, some times - times with tears of convulsive and agonised grief, rendering the last sad offices to the fallen, depressed every hea rt ; nor was the prospect of a night march in such weather known to be immi nent so soon as darkness should fall, calculated to cheer or elevate the spirits. All day long, w hil e the big guns on either side frowned at each other in angry silence, Gen. Ewell's enormous train, swollen to vast bulk by the plunder in horses and wagons which on their first incursion into Pennsylvania he had abundantly collected, was filing off behind the Confederate centre and right, and pushing into a pass of the South Mountains (not the same as we had traversed when advancing from Chambersburg), which leads obliquely to Hagerstown. Towards evening the wagon train of A. P. Hill's corps, which occupied the centre, followed Ewell; and it was not till long after midnight that the train of Longstreet's corps got und er we i g h. F rom 7 i n t h e even ing till In the morning wo lay silent and moody upon the soakin g muddy g round, clinging to the log fire which th e damp and chilly night made most accep.• table, deluged b y .uged frequent d as h es o f h ea vy rain, watching G en ceacei-iY ongstreet as, in deep thought, he walked ese bace war d an d f orwar d lik e a sailor on his quarterdeck. erdeek. P resent l y we were j o i ne d by (ice. Lee. ca nnot ; be pretended that the spirits of the party , un der circumstances which would have drawn heavily ' the resources of Mark Tapley, were as radiant acnlula.ual, but even to this night came an end at last., w as a strange scene to witness. The thick gloom' e slimy rain, the all-pervading sea of glutinous . 6 inly mud, and through it knee deep, sometimes barefooted, some_ times with trousers turned up above the' kne e, t ra mping file after file of men, while along the road side the bright c am p fires, s tretching for thousand s of of yards, dazzled and bewildered the rider's eye sight, as he tried to steer his wa y through drov e , 0 oxen goaded with much shouting fiercely forward, among flocks of terrified sheep, and through the in terstices of mile after mile of wagons, and caissons, and guns, and attendant camp-followers. At length, on the morning of the sth, the rain THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY f 4 VMNING, AUGUST 18, 1863. stopped, though only for a short season—a halt was permitted—food and absence of rain exercised their restorative influence, but as we set forward again in the afternoon the pertinacious downpour was re sumed. Another wretched night, passed half on the march, half in a saturated wheat field, another long day's march, and on the night of the 6th we reached the little town of Hagerstown, distant about five miles from the Potomac. RICHMOND, July 28. w h U i e p h o n h tande lainl4 t h passiveln t., t h i e n a t r Hagerstown since the evening of t he 6th, courtin g Ja m e y n e o i f g h G b e o n u e r r h a o l o L d e o e f rather than expecting an attack, was withdrawn across the Potomac into Virginia. To take this step there were many circumstances which moved General Lee. In the first place, the same unprece dented weather which had accompanied almost the whole of his march into Pennsylvania continued until the end, and the heavy downpour of rain which ushered in the month of July and had been scarcely intermitted for 14 days, pursued and pelted us mercilessly as we again approached the Poto mac, swelling the river until it threatened to burst its banks, and driving the quartermasters and com missaries of the army almost to distraction. Secondly, there was difficulty in finding mills which, in the swollen condition of the streams that fed them, could be made available for grinding wheat, and supplying the army with flour. Thirdly, the dis astrous and unexpected tidings of the fall of Vicks burg and Port Hudson, coming on the top of the failure of General Lee's Pennsylvanian campaign, induced him to abandon the hazardous measure, which he at one time contemplated, of again ad vancing against the enemy, flashed as he was with the Humph of having for almost the first time in this war repulsed a Confederate attack,and inspirited beyond expression by the fall of Vicksburg. But at a less serious moment it would be laughable to read the feigned indignation of the Northern press at the 'aches of General Mead?, in not gobbling up General Lee and his army. In the history of all previous re treats from the Anabasis of Xenophon up to the pre sent hour, never was army withdrawn with so little molestation from its enemy as General Lee's. That there was considerable anxiety entertained by Gene rals Lee and Longstreet during the night of the 3d and the day of the 4th of July, in regard to the pos sibility of General Meade's assuming the offensive, I am far from denying. But such anxiety was early dispelled by the capture of a Ft. deral courier bearing despatches, which announced that on the night of the 4th General Meade's head quarters would be at Westminster, or in other words, at a point much nearer to Washington than Gettysburg, and at which the indications are that a strong position had been selected by General Meade, where, but for the attack which he was obliged to accept at Gettys burg, it was his intention to have made his final stand. How cumbrous and unwieldy a machine was the army o t f ha General b ene advanced eralLee into williho Pennsylvaniaeevidentt for :eraoallwht reflect immense (although and indefinite period, with (although not sufficiently immense) ordnance trains, and with vast supplies of stores connected with the Commissary and Quartermaster General's Depart ments. It is a mistake to suppose that the trans portationscan tscanty an d o I t in t i h t t: d . com Confederate imre Army theis Compared trains and countless sutlers that accompany the al Federal nosts, the Confederates, it is true, carry little with :u a p s iti a o Y u l s indeed; but it is not likely that the war economy pursued far the last two years by the Federal Go vernment will be accepted as furnishing any other precedent for European nations than the shortest cut to ruin. lam assured, however, by competent and experienced judges that the Confederate trans portation trams rather exceed than fall short of the European average. Specially is this the case with Stonewall Jackson's corpi, now for tee most part under Ewell's command, which under its famous leaderfrequently undertook campaign in the lightest marching order, but of which the normal trains were large and cumbrous, and scrupulously guarded at all times by the ceaseless vigilance of General Jackson himself. But on this occasion General Lee, in addition to his own very sufficient trains, had accumulated in Pennsylvania an amount of farming wagons which is so variously estimated that I dare not assign a figure to it, but which, from personal observation, I can state to have been very conside rable indeed. These wagons were principally at tached to the Corps of Gen. Ewell, who was always in the van as we entered Pennsylvania, and their vast aggregate heightened the difficulty of adopting one of the possible plans which I indicated in my letter from Hagerstown, and which by some empirics General Lee has been blamed for not selecting. I allude to the plan of falling back into the gorge of the South Mountain, and there awaiting an attack from General Meade. This course was rendered im possible—first, by the premature engagement be tween Hill and Ewell and the two Army Corps of the Federals on July I; and secondly, by the distance which separated Gen. Ewell and his vast transpor tation trains from the bulk of Lee's.army. It is still the opinion of the best and wisest heads that Gen. Lee, in resolving to attack Meade's strong position at Gettysburg, played for a mighty stake which he was justified in thinking he could win, and which, in point of fact, he was within an ace of winning. How nearly the Confederates succeeded in driving their opponents from the heights is probably fully known only to Gen. Meade and Gen. Halleck ; but some measure of the damage inflicted upon the Federal army may be taken by one who witnessed the faintness and feebleness of Gen, Meade's pur suit. With the exception of a brief cannonade be tween some of the Federal cavalry and the rearguard of Gen. Ewell on the 6th, pursuit there was none. Some damage was done to Gen. Ewell's train, prin cipally,l believe, through the agency of Pennsylva nian citizens ; but altogether there were not 100 wagons destroyed. Gen. Lee returned to the Vir ginian side of the Potomac with 5,000 Federal pri soners; with his immense trains all but uninjured ; with an amount of Pennsylvanian waggons and horses which I dare not attempt to estimate; with out the loss of a caisson or a gun, except two, which were abandoned because the horses broke down ; without paying any other toll than that which was exacted in the three dap of battle at Gettysburg, and for which no doubt full value was given by the Federal army; and with his own army in such heart and spirits as I have never seen excelled. Considerable credit is due to the engineer depart ment of Gan. Lee's army for the ingenuity which they displayed in building, with great rapidity, the pontoon bridge at Falling R aters (about four miles from Williamsport), which upon the 13 h and ICh inst. conveyed Gen. Lee's army trains and most of his army across the Potomac. During our absence in Pennsylvania the Confederate pontoon bridge, which had been lent in the Potomac and was insuf ficiently guarded, was, as some say, by the inhabi tants of Mirtineburg. and, as others, by the inhabi tants of Hagerstown, in great measure destroyed. It will be recollected that General Lee's army reached Hagerstown on the evening of the 6th. For some days we lay there without thought of further retreat, but when the calamitous tidings from Vicksburg and Port Hudson overtook us, and when simultaneously the rain continued to descend, it was deemed advisable to stand once more upon Vir ginian soil instead of striking deeper into Mary land i n pursuit of an enemy who had obviously no intention of attacking us, and out of whom another fight san could g him only in be got by followin g hi m and ili his own chosen positi on . I t asbe came abundantly evident, when by slow and tardy marc hes, protracted from the 3 d of Jul until the 11th, when th e approach Hagerstown in be force, General Mead Federal (theias tardmayy of battle) Meade c rew n ear to General Lee u again, that no hope of abeneralroht on by General e ngagement could be indulged unless it was b only Lee. The Federals reconnoitredgl on of r a po f s e i w tio h n as n t e i a l3 r Hagerstown, which consisted on , thrown up breast works, and not liking the look of it, fell back for two miles, and began to ply dill gentlyspade and pickaxe, according to t frequently,heir almost invariable practice. It is singular how 9 sinc e G eneral L ee essumed comman d i n Virginia, 13 months ago, the Confederates, in the numerous battles which have occurred, have been the assail ants. For seven days in the battles around Rich mond they acted always on the offensive ; it was the same in the series of battles which extinguished General Pope ; it was the same at Chancellorsville, the same at Gettysburg. And few things are more evident than that, in spite of the homage which the Fed m-al Generals all concur in paying to their re spective armies, nothing is further from the policy of each General than to follow the example of General Burnside at Fredericksburg, and to attack Gen. Lee in a position chosen by himself. It was the opinion of General Jackson, it is the opinion of General Longstreet no less than of Genera! Lee, that upon the soil of Virginia it makes no difference %hat the disparity of numbers may be, if the Con federates fight behind even the most insignificant breastworks and receive their enemy's attack. It is difficult, so long as the spirit and morale of Gen. Lee's army remain what they are now, to compute how many men the Federals would have to bring before they could carry such works as defendßich mond and Petersburg, if ever they should succeed in driving the Confederates from the open field into these works. The Recent Murder in Switzerland. A correspondent of a contemporary writes :—The recent assassination of M. Quensel, of Hanover, while travelling in Switzerland, has excited such general horror and con sternation, and so many vague accounts are in circulation tending to cause groundless alarm, that I believe a simple statement of facts may be acceptable to your readers. On arriving at Sion a few days since I found information had been just received of the arrest of Bartholomew Balet, the murderer. His brother had been for some days previously in custody, and there appears to be no room to doubt that these two men only were concerned in the atrocity. The traveller had started from Sierre, intending to walk through the beautiful Vals d'Anniviers end d'Herens. He slept at Zinal, and left in the morning of the 23d July, intending to pass the Cols Sorrebois and Torrent to this place. He was accompanied by a guide, the brother-in-law of the " aubergiste" at Zinal. About midday he reached the summit of the Col du Torrent. Here the guide called his attention to a small wall of stones very recently erected on the summit. A powder flask and bullets were also seen on the path. The traveller descended the Col shortly in ad vance of the guide. When about ten paces from the summit a shot was fired, and a ball passed through the guide's shoulder and broke the arm of the traveller. The latter exclaimed " Sauve qui pent," and commenced running; at the same moment a second shot brought the guide to the ground. The traveller probably followed the zigzag path, while the assassin ran down a direct course, and he must have fired aga n almost close to his victim, as the clothes bore marks of the powder. The bullet passed through the heart, and death must have been instantaneous. The assas sin returned to the guide, from whom he took the knapssck, threatening at the same time to finish him. The guide im plored a few moments to make his peace with his Maker. fhe brigand, touched with pity, bound up the guide's wound and helped him back over the Col, offering him five francs, l 4 Nous sommes cinq," and adding that if his companions knew of his sparing him they would kill him also. This statement created the belief that an associated body of bri gands existed in these parts. The guide, faint and ex hausted, remained on the mountain side until his groans brought some shepherds to his help. They carried him to the nearest chalet, where he became insensible. This was at a considerable dietance from Grementz, the nearest vil lage in the Val d'Anniviees, and it was not until the follow ing morning that a party of villagers was able to ascend the mountain. They found the body of M. Quensel on the path, despoiled of everything of value except a ring. It was ne cessary to communicate with the authorities of the place be fore the peasants dared to remove the body. This was done, and the remains of the untortunate man were subsequently brought here and interred in the village churchyard, where they now rest, the grave being carefully tended and dressed with mountain flowers. SubsF quent inquiries prove that only tw o men were he escaped from prison, and, con cerned in this ho rri bl e murder , an d these two are brothers named Baler, inh a bi tants of a rnall village on the other side acco mpanied by his brother, of the Rhone. Tin. elder was last year convi cted of fo rg P ry ; fled to Algiers. They remained there till the spring of this year, when they returned; but the elder brother, to avoid arrest, appears to have led a wild life, secreting ninesell in the mountains in the neighbourhood of his home. It is sup posed that the younger brother gained information at Sierre of the intended course of M. Quesnel, and thus the plan formed. Four shots were fired ' • b ot h men had double-bar relled rifl. s. These h ave been subsequently found, and one of them, peculiarly marked is recognised by the guide. The knapsack and alpenstocks have also been found, concealed in an outbuilding belonging to the family of the brigands. Within an hour or two of the murder two men were seen by the shepherds hastening by another col, the Pas de Lonaf fro m t h e scene of t h e m urder towards the Rhone. I have r ece i ve d th i s i nte lli gen ce from the Presi dent of the Trib una l o f Sion, who yes terday revisited the scene of this horribl e catastrop h e , Canton Berne, accom panied by the offi cials and a gentl eman f rom H a nover sent by the King to attend the investi ga ti on . The younger brother Billet was apprehended shortly after the m ur d er at h i s ow n home. The elder fled to the and was a few days since arrested at a vil lage called Gsteig, on the farther side of the Sanetsh Pass. The popular indignat, on is so great that precaution has been deemed necessary to prevent the execution of summary justice on the prisoner's arrival at Sion, while chains of more than ordinary strength have been prepared to prevent a second escape of the convict. These are, I believe, cor rect details of an occurrence which has occasioned a deep sensation throughout Switzerland. It must naturally affect the confidence hitherto reposed in the Swiss; but I do not think there is reason for continued apprehension. The per petrators of the crime stand alone, and have be en secured, and among the population there is but one feelin g o f execra tion and of grief at the crime which has disgraced their country. The guide, who was su pp osed to have been mortally for utnnidgehdt'. is recovering, and the tri a l w ill t a k e place in a The Late Fatal Omnibus Accident. Mr. Payne resumed th e i nqu i ry, at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, respecting th e d eath of Chas. Fo. e a st g e e r d d 3 y , m a rn o mnibus conductor, who was run over on Thursday last by another omnibus on Holborn-hill, and killed on the spot. It being alleged th st the accident was caused by racing, the driver of the second omn ib us h a d been apprehended, but was admitted to bail on F r i day last. WillimWraylivi h na-as glfapt7t, Furnival's In n , sa id— O n hursday last, about three, I was standing at the corner of Furnival's Inn, when my attention was called to two omnibuses racing towards the City, one being slightly before the other. That part of Holborn is very broad. I be lieve they were going at the rate of eight or nine miles an hour. The horses of the second omnibus were about level with the body of the first, but it pas: ed the other on the near side at a rapid pace, and th e d eceased having alighted and attempted to pass in front of the horses of the second omnibus, was knocked down by th e h orses, an d t h e hi n d off wheel passed over him. The second omnibus, after stopping a short time, p roce eded on its journ e y. I n cross -examination this witness said—l saw the deceased immediately he alighted. There was a very short distance indeed between the tail of the first omnibus and the horses' heads between two and three yards, When were near Gray's-inn-lane, but I cannot say which was the first. The deceased's omnibus ‘h en e I f first the second saw t h ; me perhaps the pulled up as he was getting off the monkey-board. I did not see him get off, but he was knocked down by the off-side horse just as his omnibus stopped. Ido not consider there was sufficient room for the second omnibus to pass the first on the near side, as the second was obliged to squeeze past. I should think there was a space of about 12 or 15 feet be tween the deceased's omnibus and the kerb. There is a cab•rank just there, and there were cabs on it, but I cannot tell the distance between the first omnibus and the cabs on the off side, Dr. Jones, who resid es a t 1, M on t ague - p l ace , Kentish Town, said—l was in the omnibus of which the deceased was conductor. There appeared to be a great hurry to get forward, as there was another omnibus about 40 or 50 yards behind it. The one I was in went on the Leather-lane side of the cab-stand, At this time the second omnibus was coming up fast, and I heard the deceased continually urge his own driver to greater speed. This was when the light green omnibus was about 20 yards behind. When they came opp , site Furnival's Inn both omnibuses were racing. A female passenger was standing by the side of the ker b, and one omnibus was drawn up about a foot from the public convenience in the centre of the road. The conductor got down, and went in front of his omnibus, telling the coach man to pull across, saying, " Pull them across, and stop them "—pointing to the omnibus then advancing. 'Witness seeing, from the speed of the advancing omnibus, that there might be a dangerous collision, took measures for making his escape. The conductor at this time continued t o exhort his driver to pull a c r oss, a t the same time walking back wards in a way that he was unable to perceive the approach ing omnibus. At this time a female (the wife of the de ceased), who was in his omnibus screamed violently. I looked at the conauctor, and saw the pole of the second omnibus strike him in the back. Ho was by this whirled round the horse- collar, and fell on his head. He was then struck by the hors , -'s fore off leg, and on the ear by his hind off-leg. The deceased seemed to struggle to free himself, when the wheel passed over the chest by the side of the head from the shoulder, and down the centre of the body. He was at once re move d on t o the pa th, when there was a per ceptible tremor in the body, the blood .pouring in great quantities from hi s mouth. I sa w there was no hope for him, and at once gave directions for having the driver of the second omnibus taken into custody. I consider that the driver of the second omnibus must have seen the deceased before he was knocked down, as there was nothing else in the way. There was not space for the two omnibuses to pass without running over the deceased, and the second omnibus could not have passed round the other without danger of upsetting his own vehicle. The deceased had his back to the second omnibus, and was evidently not aware of its approach, for he backed on to the chains of it. The driver of the second omnibus had time to stop before the accident happened after the deceased placed himself in the position in which he was struck. Mr. H. J. Dalrymple, 34, Great St. Helen's, gave corro borative evidence. Edward Gilbert, a cabdriver, said he bad measured the ground where the accident had taken place, and found that the urinal near which the first omnibus steppe 1 was 29 feet from the kerb, and the near wheels of the same about 12 feet from the kerb. He considered the second omnibus was going at the rate of seven miles an hour. At the time the deceased was struck there was three or four feet distance between the two omnibuses. Langley, the driver, tried to pull up directly after the deceased was knocked down, and did so about 20 yards from where the accident happened. He did not try to pall up before the accident. He was driv ing about seven miles an hour, and he considered it would take 20 yards to pull up horses going at that speed. The road was down-hill, and there would always be a difficulty in stopping an omnibus under such circumstances, as the strain was all upon the collar, although it might have been stopped in a less space. Benjamin Watkins said he was drivel of the omnibus to which the deceased was conductor. The other omnibus runs from Notting -hill to Mile-end Gate, the time of starting being about the same; he generally started first. He started on that occasion from St. John's Church at ten minutes to three. About Furnival's Inn witness heard his conductor say "Wo I wo I" and he pulled up. The con ductor 'sever said a word else to him—in fact the direction to stop were the last words he heard him utter. Hearing something coming his near side he turned to see what it was, and then saw the deceased knocked down by the defendant's omnibus, In answer to questions he said he never heard the conductor give him directions to pull in and stop the other omnibus ; he might have said so, but witness did not hear him. The omnibus works in with the London General Omnibus Company's omnibuses. There was neither oppo sition nor racing on that day. There was plenty of room for the Whitechapel omnibus to pass him on the near side. The distance Langley went after the accident was not more than would be required to pull up in, although it might be done in a yard or two less. The speed was about 8 miles an hour. Geo. Cook, of 2, Holford-mews, Holford-square, said he was a cab-driver, and at the tithe of the accident was first cab on the rank. Saw the omnibus of which the deceased was conductor stop. It belonged to the General Omnibus Company. Hearing a scream, he looked round, and st:•w the conduetor in front of the pole of another omnibus. (He then described the accident), and added that the driver, Langley, did not stop when first spoken to,although he gave two checks to his horses. He slackened the pace and looked behind, and then pulled up about 10 or 12 yards from where he knocked the deceased down. By a Juryman—Langley stopped before the police came up. Walter Woo!fe, a general dealer, said he was on the de ceased's omnibus at the time in question. He then described the occurrence, and said the omnibuses were going at the ordinary speed, and there was no racing, Harriett B:iggs, wife of James Briggs, said she was in the dark-green omnibus, and observed the horses of another om nibus dodging very close behind them. She said the dark green omnibus did not stop utitil the conductor was on the ground ; in fact, it was partly in motion then. Chas. Waters, a barman, said he was a passenger by the light-green omnibus, and saw the dark one hailed by a pas senger. The deceased jumped down while the omnibus was in motion, and told the driver to drive over to the near side, He was then standing by the side of the omnibus, and wit ness heard him say, " Pull to the near side." The driver of the omnibus I was in called out to the deceased, and the off side horse trod on his heels six or seven times, the pole at the time pushing him along. The driver of the light om nibus pulled up and tried to stop as soon as he called out to the deceased, and stopped 15 or 20 yards from the spot where the deceased fell. The deceased jumped down from his own omnibus right in front of Langley's horses. He was going about eight miles an hour, and called out, but within two or three seconds the pole struck and knocked him down. Witness also called out to him, but there was no time to stop the omnibus and avoid running over him. There was no room for 0 vehicle to pass on the off side, Mr. Christopher Williams said he was one of the house surgeons of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, and deposed to the deceased being brought there dead. The death he con sidered arose from a fracture on the base of the skull. Sarah Hetworth said she was waiting on the pavement at Furnival's Inn when the deceased's omnibus drew up, as if to take her up. She did not require it, and shook her head. She then corroborated the other witnesses as to the occur rence. She addea that the accident would not have occurred if the deceased had remained between the omnibuses, but ho persisted in running. The driver of the light. green omni bus could not have avoided a collision. After some further evidence, the coroner summed up, and the jury deliberated for a lengthened period. The learned Coroner (finding that there was no chance of their agreeir g, the numbers being nine to eight) discharged the jury at five o'clock, without giving a verdict. It is understood that the majority (nine) were in favour of a verdict of manslaughter; and the minority (eight) for accidental death. THE LOSS OF THE PARIS, On Saturday the ir quiry instituted by the Board of Trade into the circumstances attending the total loss of the iron steamer Paris, belonging to the Maples' Channel Line, off Jersey, on the morning of the 28th July last, was rusuraeo at the Greenwich Police -court, before Mr. Trail!, police magistrate, and Captain Harris and Captain Baker, nauti cal assessors. Mr. F. H, Hamel, barrister, attended on behalf of the Board of Trade, the inquiry having been adjourned from the previous day for the decision of the Court. Mr. Traill sa id th ere would b e no necessity to go further into the case as regarded the loss of the vessel, as there was sufficient evidence before the Court to come to a conclusion. Before, however, he delivered the decision of the Court, he desired to hear the opinions of the nautical assessors as re garded Capt. Hemmings's conduct in the matter. Capt. Harris said that had there been loss of life he would have viewed the case very seriously as affecting Captain Hemmings. Ile ccnsiderect his conduct very reprehensible in having shipped the man De la Cour as pilot and one of his crew, thus dividing the authority and responsibility, and which he considered was a mere cloak or blind to ram pilotage dues. Had the Court been called upon to determine as to claims for property, they, as the nautical assessors, would have been compelled to give their decision against the captain of the vessel; but, looking at the fact that the authorities at Jersey had viewed the cause of the wreck to have arisen from the negligence of the pilot De la Cour, whose certificate had been taken from him, and there being no direct evidence to show that the captain was to blame, he (Capt. Harris) was disposed to give him the benefit of the same, and to restore to him his certificate - Captain . Captain Baker having expressed his opinion in similar terms, Mr. Traill said his view of the case was as strong, and perhaps stronger, than those expressed by the nautical assessors who had assisted him in the inquiry, and he was anxious that the remarks he was then about making should be well considered by Captain Hemmings and the owners of the vessel. In the present inquiry there had been two or three points to consider, the first being whether the captain had employed such a person as pilot as would discharge him self from responsibility ; secondly, having appointed such a person, whether he had interfered in any manner with the orders given by the pilot; and another question was, sup posing the pilot had been employed in a legitimate manner, whether the captain was not bound to take care that the ship was properly navigated , becau se it might occur that gross neglect might display itself on the part of the pilot. At 8.30 on the morning of the wrec k, w hen seven or eight milesfrom Jersey, it was shown that the captain had given directions for the course of the ship to be altered t o N.E. half N. , a course which would serve for either channel, and that he then w:aat below, leaving the pilot on the bridge in charge. Ten minutes afterwards the captain returned to the bridge, and remained there until the ship struck, going down about 10 minutes afterwards. That some one was grossly in fault there was no doubt, but the question was which party, or whether both were to blame ; and in arriving at a conclu sion they must look atthe respective statements of the parties, The statement of the captain was that when he gave the N.E. half N. course he considered he had no further charge of the ship, which from that time was under the charge of the pilot ; that he did not give any further orders ; that he did not intertere in any way, except that when the pilot asked him which channel he should take he replied, " I do not care which, so that it is for the best," meaning thereby that he wished to keep ahead of the steamer Wonder, then in sight. The captain further stated that the pilot told him he should take the Silliette passage, to which he made no objection, and that he had no idea but that he was doing so till he saw the ship close to the Grunot rocks, and before she struck. The pilot's statement, which had been taken on oath, was to the effect that, thou g h h e considered the ship was under his charge, his orders were not attended to—that he never said he intended to take the Silliette passage, but on the contrary, when the master said he wished to (as he ex pressed it) "cut it short," he told him that the middle pas sage was the shortest and safest; that it had all along been his intention to take that channel ; that the captain must have known that was his intention ; tbat when he found he was opening out the marks for the middle channel, and too far to the northward, he gave (orders to keep more to the sow h ; that the captain did not comply, but ordered him to steer for th e R ovandiere, and, by so doing, the ship was brought on the Grunot rocks ; and, that if the order to go to the south had been observed, even to half the ship's length, she would have been saved. Between the state ments so contradictory, and with little more confirmation of the one than the other, it would perhaps he hard wholly to deny the master the benefit of his plea, that the ship was under the charge of the pilot, and not under his charge, so ' as to make him responsible for the loss. At the same time, supposing this plea was to be admitted, his inattention to the dangerous course of the ship could scarcely admit of an excuse. He was on the bridge before the ship struck, but he did not appear to have had the proper marks for either channel, and yet he suffered the ship to proceed at the rate of 12 knots an hour, when he ought to have known of the near approach to danger. All things considered, it seemed not preasonable to conjecture that the captain's desire to cut it short had made h m inattentive to the caution that was necessary, if it did not (as the pilot alleged) actually make him countermand the order given by the pilot to keep the ship more to the south just before she struck. He (Mr. Trail') had been thus particular in this part of the case, be cause it was af - er much hesita: ion that they had come to a conclusion so favourable to the captain; but, in coming to :hat conclusion, he could not omit to notice the manner in which the pilot laws had been evaded in the case. It appeared that the pilot De la Cour had been hired at weekly wages of 35s.—the olject of which was alleged to be that of saving time in looking out for pilots in coming into and going out of Jersey, but it appeared to have been the practice of the captain for five mouths at least, if not much longer, never to take a Jersey pilot, but to pilot the ship himself, although he had no licence for that ,Jurpose, and could not obtain one, not being a native of J ersey ; and even SD little did he look upon De la Cour in that character, that he did not avail himself of his services, although he was on board, from Jersey to St. Malo. By the employment of De la Cour at 355. per week there had been a saving of pilotage money to the amount of 355. or 40s. per week, and this in defiance of one of the purposes of the pilot law. But there was a wot se mischief still, as would appear by this case—viz., that by thus employing a man who, as had been admitted, was intended to be entered on the ship's articles as second mate, it was quite clear that when the occasion occurred for his acting as pilot he could not have properly the authority, nor feel the responsibility of that office; and at the same time, while it did not prevent the master from exercising his natural auth rity, as master, over his subordinate officer, it left him the opportunity of screening himself for his own neglect or default under the plea that the second mate, as pilot, had charge, and was answerable for loss or damage. There was little doubt that the captain looked upon De la Cour and treated him as a subordinate for one of his crew and pilot to save expense, and that therefore he was bound to see to the navigation of the ship just as much as if there had been no pilot on board. For these reasons, though the Court returned the captain his certificate, they considered it their duty to censure the proceeding by which he had been enabled to make use of such a plea as highly irregular, and likely to lead to very serious, and even dangerous consequences. A gentleman connected with the company to which the Paris had belonged said that Capt. Hemmings was the only master in the company's service not possessing a pilot's licence, but that prev.ous to the wreck he had taken steps to secure his right to pass an examination for sucl a licence. The inquiry then terminated. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TlMES,—There appears, we rejoice to say, a fair prospect that the war which the natives have recom meuced in New Zealand will be conducted on our part with greater success than has usually attended our military operations in that country. The import ance of the proceedings just reported must not be measured by the scale of the forces engaged or the dimensions of the victory actually achieved. In these respects the encounter stilt bears some resem blance to those combats in Caffraria where fifty ambushed blacks w ould keep a battalion on the alert for hours together, and retire at length with a loss which could never be ,'iscovered. It shows the difficult and harassing charac;er of these wars when we find that the enemy, against ;vhom 650 excellent soldiers with three Armstrong guns were carefully and anxiously marched at midni g ht, c ,ensisted only of about one-fourth of that number of sac ages, and that it is regarded as a real exploit to have pre: a score of these people hors de combat. But the truth is that the colonists are justified in their rejoicings over the success. Moderate as the achievement may appear to us, it was substantial, timely, and full of promise. The work was harder than we can imagine, and the results are likely to bear more fruit than we could anticipate. It was only on the 4th of May lest that the Maories provoaed once more the anger of the British Government by a treacherous Inassacre of our soldiers. After this inauguration of a new rebel lion the people principally concerned in the crime repaired to a strong position at no great distance from the town of New Plymouth, and there estab lished themselves in the native fashion:. These savages are not on.y thoroughly masters of the rifle, but adepts at field engineering. Their cultivated instincts enable them to construct works as defensible as the best European re doubts, and these extemporised fortifications they hold with extraordinary courage. The band in question, less than 200 in number, took post on the spur of a hill, with a ricer in front, and so plied their spades that the ground all round them was " literally honeycombed with zigzag rifle-pits." Their tactics could be but too well conjectured. It they were attacked with such a force or in such a manner as to offer them any probable advantage, they would fight from their hiding places to the death, and leave us with the alternative of discreditable retreat, or poor success purchased at exorbitant cost. If threatened with a more formidable assault they would decamp fuetively, and leave us to come upon an empty nest after a toilsome march, while they establish themselves more strongly than ever in a fresh position. It was necessary, there fore to advance against them in strength and yet to take them by surprise, and this, notwithstanding the perfection of their vigilance and information, was actually done. On the 4th of June, exactly one mont h after their murderous onslaught on our unoffending soldiers, their " pah" or fort was at tacked with complete success, and it was thought a remarkable event that twenty-four of the garrison should have been killed before they could effect their escape with the remainder. This un usual phenomenon has disconcerted the natives and inspirited the colonists. A New Zealand war has for once been commenced with vigour, expedition, and success. A force of 200 is a large force for a rebel army in New Zealand. The natives understand better than to fight in great numbers. In these wars the enemy is often in less strength than the little detachment which under that designation em ploys the whole Aldershott camp on a field day. Every Moari is a fighting man, but he fights on his own principles, and it was really a piece of good fortune to surprise 200 of these men together. More over, it was the first affair of the war, and it came off within a week or two after the first challenge to arms, !vying good promise of despatch as well as determination. The result is that the colony is full of confidence, resolute to win, and bent on making sure work. The tactics of th e savages h ave been bor rowed for the strife, and we no longer fight against odds. The soldiers, like the natives, are divided into small parties, and th e re b e l s who have turned out to kill get killed the mse l ves . T he sentries hold no palaver with natives approaching their pasts, but fire on them at once. Volunteers and Militia are all on the alert, and on the best of terms with the regular troops. In short, what with the indignation of the community at the recent outrage, the natural exasperation of the soldiers, the vigour of the Gene ral in command, and the energy of the Governor, the Maories are this time provided with an adver sary who will leave them with less reason than before to be contented with the results of war. It is in these features of the new contest that we must seek for assurance as to the future. So far is the war from being over that it is described in our corre spondence as only just commencing, and likely to " exceed in extent and importance any of its predecessors." We may hope that this estimate will prove exaggerated, and that a struggle which has been opened with such un wonted success will not be of very long duration. It is clear, however, that between us and the Maories there is no peace, nor can we say that we are surprised at the fact. When one race encoun ters another under such conditions war is a natural consequence. The Maories are martial, intelligent, jealous, and ill-disposed to yield to the advances of a more civilised population. Though so acute a people can hardly be blind to our actual superiority yet they have hitherto had no great reason to dis trust their own chances in war. They have defied our arms, if no: with absolute success, at any rate without discredit to themselves, and with the effect of making us greatly disinclined to begin war again. So they are no t lik e ly t o s uccumb without resistance to the fate before them. From that fate, put it how we will, they can - have no escape. We may regulate land sales, and respect tribal rights, and protect native interests to the best of our power, but we con never stop the growth of a British colony, or reconcile with that growth the claims of a barbarous population to the lordship of the land. Three years ago the colonists were as numerous as the natives, and since that time the Europeans have rapidly mul tiplied under the attraction of the goldfields of Otago. Does anybody imagine that these settlers will allow small tribes of savages to forbid their natural ex pansion and confine them within a territorial pale ? The New Zealander may be assimilated, or exter minated, or civilised off the lend, but he will cer tainly never hold that land to the prejudice of a stronger and superior race, whose title to occupy it, even if based only upon conquest, would be as good as his own. However, we need not at present carry our speculations to this point. It is enough to an • ticipate, on this oceation, at any rate, a less costly struggle than those of former years. General Came ron, who enjoyed the special confidence and esteem of the late Lord Ciyde, appears to have divined with happy instinct the exigencies of the crisis. Hi s tactics have been justified by an early, signal, and most opportune success. It is not, we trust, too much to hope that he may go on as he has begun, in which case we should soon see the end of one more N ew Zealand war. That our liabilities would not be thus terminated may be true enough, but it will be an infinite advantage to this country if we can accept and conclude these quarrels when they are forced upon us without draining our army of thousands or our Exchequer of millions. POST.—It is now nine or ten months since the question of a Greek dynasty and a new Greek set tlement came before us, in consequence of the ex pulson of Otho. Something like half that time has passed, since the nomination of Prince William of Denmark, during the course of the preliminaries to his actual accession to the throne. We lately pointed out the complicated relations of this ques tion as one of the m a i n reasons o f th e d e lay. It would now seem that by about the time that the whole twelve months since the abdication of Otho shall have expired, all that yet remains to be ar ranged may be complete. We have seen ft om a very recent telegram, which is strictly accurate, that the late lonian Parliament was dissolved, and a new one summoned a few days ago, to be elected after the lapse of forty days from that time. It is probable, therefore, taat the forty-two members to be chosen by the di&eeut islands may be convehed at Corfu by the beginning of October—allowing a lapse of ten or twelve days beyond the forty for the actual election and concentration of these new members. The lonian Parliament will then take up the question of annexation to Greece ; and those who are conversant with parliamentary proceed ings in that Republic will apprehend that, in what ever degree the question may then present itself in the light of a Foregone conclusion, the deliberations upon it will not be much abbreviated. When the vote of the lonian Perliament shall have been lied, assuming that it will be in favour of annexation, it will be necessary to hold a conference of the eight Powers, signataries of the Treaty of Vienna, in order to empower the Queen to surrender her pro tectorate and to authorise the annexation. We may hope to elicit the decision of the new lonian Parliament within a week or two of its assembling, and in that case there can scarcely be any reason why the settlement of all these preliminaries should be postponed beyond the end of October or begin ning of November. King George, indeed, has been expected to leave Copenhagen at a somewhat earlier period; and whatever may be the precise time of his arrival at Athens, it io understood that he will visit several of the capitals of Europe, and thus extend his acquaintance with public affairs be fore his final departure for Greece. In the mean time it is understood that the Provisional Govern ment of that country are occupied with certain measures for the alteration of the military system, which are necessarily not of rapid progress, and which they would desire to complete before the arri val of the King. If these circumstances result in any slight postponement of his actual accession, they will on the other hand place the Government on itis arrival in a more satisfactory condition. It will be curious to observe the course which the lonians will now take. The electoral appeal is an appeal to the suffrage. Hitherto, if there has been one question on which these islanders have apparently been agreed, it is in favour of annexation to Greece and of a severance of their connection with Great Britain. At the same time it must be remembered that there has hitherto been no oppot tunity for that question to be collectively discussed. It commonly happens in these republican States that noisy agitators, wile have but little stake in their country, make them selves much more conspicuous than wealthy mer chants and landowners. Men of commerce who may not have troubled themselves with this question while it seemed a merely empirical and not a prac tical one, may begin to think differently when the future of their commonwealth is immediately at issue. They may feel it safer to trade under the lonian flag, protected by England, than under the Hellenic flag. Thus we may fairly anticipate con siderable varieties of opinion. But the appeal a being to universal suff r a ge , p ro p er t y cannot coun tervail numbers; and we are l e d t o d ou bt w h et h er the n a. intrigues of King Otho's p ar ty t o d e f ea t nex on will carry many votes with them. The main objec., however, by which the mass of the lonians nave been led, in their desire for annexation to Greece, does not rest, we believe, in any definite objection to the manner in which we have governed them, but in an ambition to take the lead in the future government of Greece. At Athens they scent to have long hoped to be foremost. In this ambition we cannot help apprehending that they will be dis appointed ; and, at any rate, assuming the annexa tion to take place, we shall probably witness as peat a rivalry between the men of Athens and the men of Corfu as ever took place of old between the Corcyreans and their mother commonwealth, the Corinthians. We believe that the leading public men in Greece express themselves desirous that the expenditure of the Goverament shall be kept within the limits of its income, and that there shall be no recurrence to the profligate extravagances of the late reign. They allege that the country is susceptible of a pub lic income which may dispense with their contract ing loans or involving annual deficits. In these declarations they are probably sincere. They wish to be able to start afresh. There is little doubt that these premises are true. But let their course on this head be what it may, we trust they will succeed in giving effect to their programme of a Government living within its expenditure under the reign of King George. COUNTRY MARKETS. GLOUCESTER —Ave. 15. The show of English wheat to-day was fair, a good pro.. portion of which was new, in splendid condition and fine quality, and farmers report very favourably of the yield. Old wheat is per qr cheaper. New red, 44s to 46s ; white, 47s to 495. Foreiga wheat was in Itrai•ed demand, with prices nominal, In barley beans, and oats the sales were slow. COLCHESTE •AUG. 15. There was a thin attendance to-day, and the supply of wheat was principally of this year's growth. Prices must be noted 2s to 3s per qr lower. Spring corn very dull. Wheat, white 46s 56s I Beans, Mazagan..3os 332 red 42s 52s middle & small.3ss 42s Barley s Peas, white 40s 42s Oat• • 20s 26s I gray 35s 38s CHELMSFORD-AuG. 7. At this corn exchange to-day there was a large quantity of new wheat brought in, in tolerably good condition, but merchants were cautious of making purchases, and prices may be quoted 2s to 3s lower. In spring corn here was no alteration. Wheat, old white 30s 52s new 47s Ms old red 36s 47s new —s —s Barley 2s 36s Chevalier . .28s 40s Grinding 22s 31s Malt. 6ls 67s Chevalier . 64s 69s Oats 20s 28s Peas, Partridge, 37s 40s White 39s 40s Boiling ... 40s 43s Dun 33s 36s Ditto new -s .-- - 13 Beans, Tick, :,101 348 39S new -8 —5 Harrow Ticks „Ms 40s new —s —$ Mazagan 303 38s KIRKCALDY GRAIN—ADa. 15. To-day we had a good supply of wheat, fair of oats, but small supplies of barley. Sales slow, at a reduction gene rally of is on previous rates. Wheat. Barley. Oats. First....3ls 6d I 24s Od I 22s Od Second ..39e Od 29a Od 24s Od Third ....—a Oct —s Oct --e Od COAL t Prices of Coal per rl on al a. d. Carway and Duffryn Malting . 12 0 Walker Primrose .....12 9 ranfield Moor ........ 12 6 I'anfield Moor Butes..l2 6 Eden Main ........... 16 3 West Hartley ........17 3 Wylam ..............16 6 Ships at marke it the close of the market. Walls End. Haswell.... lB Tunstall l6 Hartlepool.. l7 East Hartlepool 17 Trimdon Hartlepool 17 South Kelloe. l6 Eieugh Hall 16 )t, 52 ; sold, 38. [ADVERTI SEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Ointment and Pills. - Unseemly Eruptions. —No mear s heretofore discovered A 6 so competent to cope with and conquer all blemishes, bo! (H. eruptions, redness and roughness of the skin, as these cele brated medicaments, which to be praised need only to be known. Holloway's remedies cool the system, regulate the circulation, and so thoroughly purify the whole body, th it whatever is hurtful must inevitably be swept away, and succeeded by healthy structures which alone can be derived from rich and pure blood. The cosmetic virtues of this unguent have been long appreciated ; no toilet-table is well appointed which lacks its presence. It soothes and cleanses the most fine and tender skin, and, when assisted by Holloway's pills, is the most valuable beautifier. Births. BARER.—On the 16th inst., at D ulwich, the wife of Adol. L B E a n k . e_r_, o ts q t h . , 0 of a t i son. ns Cu Chandler, of O a daughter. t,, at Bl ac k heath, Mrs. John DAWSON.—On the 14th i nst., at Hatherton Hall, Stafford. , shire, the wife of C aptain R. Pudsey Dawson, of a eon. l tisr u p s IRvirrE.—On the 14th inst., at Castle Irvine, the wife of H. Mervyn D'Arcy Irvine, Esq., of a son and heir. Marriages. RoßiNsoN—ThomPsoN.—On the 14th inst., Henry L. U. Robinson, Lieut. R.N., third son of the Ven. Archdeacon Robinson, D.D„ Master of the Temple, to uhristina, the R Only . da ughter of Th omas Th ompson, Esq., Captain N WATJD—DEARSLEY.—On the 15th inst., at St. Peter's Church, New North-road, Henry Wand, Esq , Cannon street W„ and Arlington-sqnare, to Anne, second daugh' ter of H. Dearsley, Esq., of Lower Thames -street. Deaths. BOW EREANK.—On the 16th inst., at Stoke &wine° green, E. S. Lowerbank, Esq. CRAPMAN —On the 14th inst., at Tillotson-place, HenrY Chapman, Esq., aged 94. GRAHAM.—On the 15th inst., at 16, Chapel-street, Bel grave-square, James Graham, Esq. HARCOURT.—On the 14th inst., at Swinton-park, York shire, Admiral Ootavius Vernon Harcourt, aged 69. HERRING.—On the 15th inst., at 40, Alders suddenly, Mr. James Herring, aged 61. Moo an.—On the 15th inst., at Brighton, Joseph William Moore, Esq. STONE.—On the 16th inst., Mr. Nicholas Stone, of Wes . bine Cottage, Albion-road, Holloway, aged 95. London : I'rinted and Pubnshed by WILLIAM ANDRIOVS, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at :CITE Sux Office No. 112 ; Strand, in the Precinct of the lavoy, in the County of Middlesex.—Tuesday, August 18, 186 a