The Sun. — London, England, 1863-12-01 00:00:00

T. CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA, (Fr•om the correspondent of the Times.) NEW YORE, Nov. 17. W have had a gloomy and wet spell here these last four of five days, and this may, perhaps, have daraped the ardour of the combatants who are preddling about in the chalky mud of Virginia. General Meade has been in Washington, and som e of his subaltern officers with him. He has, however, declined to attend the inaugura tion of the Gettysburg monument, a solemnity in which he was entitled to head the pageant. The position of the Southern army on the Rapi dan is said to be formidable, though two divisions of Gen. Hill's corps are supposed to have marched southward or westward. The knowing ones are are quite confident there will be a " general deci sive battle" before the end of this week. Another " decisive and bloody " battle is expected to come off in Tennessee, Gen. Bragg is bombarding the Federals from the heights of Look-out Mountain, and the ground in his rear, for many miles, swarms with reinforcements conveyed to him by the Western and Atlantic Railway. Battles, if they occur, must be of the Confederates' own seeking, for their posi tions in the mountain gorges are not of a nature to invite the Federals' attacks. The weather, how ever, must have its share in military operations, and if the rains set in the South as they have done here, the probability is the bloodthirsty warriors will stick in the mud till winter cools their blood. Burn side, always in difficulty, seems disposed to wash his hands of his tough job in East Tennessee. The rumour that he has resigned his command, and that Foster is to take his place, bringing one or more of his divisions with him , app ears almost daily in the papers to fill a paragraph in the morning, and to make morn for another paragraph, contradicting the first, in the evening. At Charleston w e have firing at the rate of tw o shots in the minute at night, and three or four in the daylight. Results-- after 24 hours, two men killed and one wounded, A r tillery has done its very w orst a g ains t Sumter, and what remains of it is invulnerable, " The fort cannot be injured any further," says the bulleti n . Nothing is to be done but let it alone. From Texas we hear that General Banks, at the bead of his long-projected expedition, has landed at the mouth of Rio Graude ; that Fort Brown and Brownsville—the latter on fire, and with the Union and Secession patties fighting in the streets—have fallen into his hands. The presence of a Federal army in that region, it is expected, will put an end to the brisk contraband trade, and cut off one of the most plentiful sources of supplies on which the Southerns relied. It will also have the effect of a grand demonstrations against the French in Mexico; it will reassure Juarez' s oya ists," and awe Maxi milian and all contemners of the Monroe doctrine. The grumblers here, however, complain that Banks and his forces, instead of wasting their energies on Rio Grande, would be better employed nearer home against Lee's " demoralised" troops and Bragg's "discordant and dissolving" army. The " labour movement," as the contest between operatives and their employers is here designated, being in fact a labour stoppage, is going through its natural phases, and will for the present have no serious consequences. As it was but too easy to foresee, labour carried the day everywhere, for its demands were just and moderate. Henceforth, it may be taken for granted, in every branch of in dustry wages will be raised 25 per cent. above the present rates. The car-drivers in New York re turned to their work ou Saturday last, the direc tors of the several rail way companies having " made a satisfactory compromise"—i.e., granted all they were asked. The working men of the Uni;ed States' navy yards in Charlestown, near Boston, have also obtained their own terms, and, upon the same un derstanding., there is no doubt but the excitement arising from the strikes will gradually, though per haps only temporarily, subside. " Labour" will go on, and the "movement" will be brought to astand• still. The industrious classes in these North-Eastern States had attained a well-being fully commensu rate with their deserts, with their thrift and so briety, and with the education extensively spread among them. If there ever was a country in which labour waa in clover, in which it was looked up to, petted and humoured, it certainly was this North American community; not so much owing, perhaps, as the Americans fondly believe, to the protection of their glorious Democratic institu tions as to the great fact that this country had plenty of elbow room for all men, and that those who at .anytime felt crowded and distressed in the cities of the East would always find wealth and ease in the backwoods of the West. Labour was scarce here at all times, and as such it was, of course, prz:cious, independent, fastidious. The rougher kind of handi craft, and even domestic service, was shunned by the native American, and would long since have .come to an end had it not beeu for the raw ma• terial periodically imported out of the redundan population of suffering Europe. Democratic re publics must needs have slaves to do their hard and dirty work. In the South the Virginian had negroes. In the North the New Englander had the Irish, the German, the beasts of burden of the old world. Even the condition of the immigrant was anything but deplorable, as soon as he knew how to bring his labour to the test market. Whoever conde scended to work in America was sure not only of bis daily brer,d, but also of a certain amount of deae_ent comfort; and the very hedger and ditcher ll it in nis power to raise himself in the scal e o f 13:1 saige in his canna how , to strike the best bargain, how to stand hitstigh f: or ra ts and interests, how to put by a p enny 14avin 'fly day. I sa id i n my l as t l e tt er t h at the bore g s b ulks both i n N ew Y or k an d N ew E ng l and wit/less „ en dori to the prosp er ity o f th e wor ki ng c l asses State of n g :v t ,ts he gloomy period of this civil war. The 1,231 ,066, anaeachusetts, with a population of male and 69,eirtzufaaufactories employing 107,781 ate savings hands, numbered in 1861 depositors in the depositors were 248 banks, 205,058 ; in 1862 posits in 1861 - was 4 :A 9 . 0 0. The amount of de -50,403,674 dels. ; in 1862 it was alma . Now, o nn aa Increase in one year of 5,015,240 dole. compare with Massachusetts State in the Union can by way of a sneer call th e which the Americans Still, even in New York, 4 Sttue of . the Universe," habitants, and 147,737 males an W a lth . 3 6 ,880,735 in workers in the manufactories, the numb er female accounts in the savings ba n k, was !" of open 300,511 ; in 1862, 347,18 4 ; and th e arooti in 1861, depositors in 1 861, 64,083,119 d o h,. ; due to 76,538,183 dols., showing au increas e i e " 0,1,35,1:302, 12,393,066d015. The total amount o f depo,,,it u' s r . of the State of New York on the let of January of this yerir was 80,393,064 dols. With all this widely-spread and substantial well being, however, the working classes could not fail to be gradually, yet inexorably, crushed by th e rapid enhancement of prices consequent upon the waste of a ruinous war, and the use and abuse of an all-flo o di ng p a p e r currency. The evil was not very grievously felt at the outset, because the gaps made among the already and always thin ranks of the labourers by the recruiting of the army Ead the effect of lessening competition, and, by in creasing the demand for it, of setting a higher value upon labour. In all the common trades, in the shops, and in domestic service, where the workman car f , into i,n me di a t e an d constant contact with F Ployer, things had maintained their ow- e-- a, 'Wages had s il en tl y b u t i ncessant ]- level, and I' , been raisped, to keep pace w i t h t h e grr ,wing price of se p d, so rovi &lQ'''. But in great fact , . and Public establisl- 'nee, in large workshops, of t he sig nsf 0- ,ments, capit a l t oo k no heed down t o the o -.0 times, and labour was ground durance, utmost event of power of en by e , ara e `crew has now b een put upon capital ins*, :ant l y an u a t oa strike, a n d t h e pressure has been ranged, and thineo i rfolly obey e d. A ll may be ar the mutual underst:nYa'o well f or t h e present; but capital will h d ardly l ast f 0 13 r g between labou r and l o ng, at least, as th e eat , Bee Nv a ej length of time—so crisis continue to act on the ch led t o t h e present the first place , when you raisee"aw tn eeitY ; for, in enable labour to bear the burden fades in ord er t o also cause a further rise in price s , L h p t rieeB, you e raised wages of labour, as a mutter of co urse, enhan ee the cost of the cowmodities which ar e the Product of labour; and, in the second place, any awakening of the people to the consciousness of their grie vances, and of their power to redress them, lays bare many of those social disorders to which habit reconciles the suffering poor, but which, once brought into light, allow society no re , t! la remedy is propounded, when it is too often found practically that the diagnosis of the evil is far easier than its cure. Thus I have said that, as a general rule, labour in America was sure of a competent remuneration. That rule, however, was subject to great exceptions, and the poor working girls of New York, for in stance,who are now on strike, received wages which, as the papers say, " were a burning shame to the age we live in." Many of them had till yesterday to put up with 2 dole. or 2 dole. 50c. a week—the same wages most male hands earned daily, the same wages that the poor fagged creatures were allowed before coal, clothing, and pro visions had doubled in price. There is no doubt but relief will be granted to these and other sufferers, but the consequence must be a further rise in prices, a further deprecia tion of the currency, and the necessity for further enhancement of wages. What results similar cir cumstances had in France in 1793 We a ll know ; we know that high prices in provisions led to strikes, and these to compromi ses w i th the peo ple, till the pretensions of the latter knew no limits ; till, upon the first show of firmness on the part powers, earst p v a i s n s g iv p e eroepsliesteanngcaegleedd in npen o v f in th le e linnereu,ang thd that struggle in which, after torrents of bloodshed, they were brought to reason. The Americans, indeed most of them, anticipate no such calamities for their privileged land; they reckon upon the education of their lower classes, upon their respect for the laws and love of order, upon their safety-valves of emigration to the West and immigration from Europe. The sources of their wealth are inexhaustible, and so long as labour may be had for hire, however high, money such as Mr. Chase knows how to coin will be forthcoming. They draw comparisons between the conditions of agri cultural France in 1793 and those of commercial England in 1814. They are confident of their own buoyancy as an industrial community and of their ability to weather any storm. In the mean white they do not consider that there is one cause of die organisation among them which did not work to the same effect either in France or England in re volutionary and warlike times. France withdrew millions of men from their wonted occupations, England paid handsome bounties for her recruits; but no country at any time pressed so many useful members of the community into her armies, no country ever bribed recruits at so extravagant a price. The county of New York advertises this very day for 30,000 volunteers, and the following are the pecuniary inducements offered— Dollars. County bounty, cash down State bounty United States bounty for new recruits United States, additional, to veterans re-enlisting 100 -- 477 Total 777 The largest sum, surely, ever held out as a tempta tion to soldiers. With such inducements to a labourer to turn his ploughshare into a musket, and the monthly pay, which has been raised from 10 to 20 dollars, what operative would not rather be a soldier. The enlistment goes on very slowly nevertheless, and the Government would certainly be unable to raise the 300,000 men it has called tor if the recruiting officers did not fall back upon the Irish and German immigrants and the negroes. The latter especially will constitute the sheet anchor of the future American army. But in the meanwhile there is little doubt in my mind that these monstrous bribes paid to recruits, although they may be insufficient for tho repletion of the army, will not fail so to disturb and confound the relations between labour and capital as to lead not only to fresh strikes, but possibly to riots, agrarian movements, and social convulsions. Wnat in the meanwhile is the state of the American finances? lam assured from Washington that Mr. Chase's financial report will not be ready before the end of this month. The Be.dget, it is said, will foot up 1,200,000,000 dollars. The want?, of the navy for the coming year are estimated at 100,000,000 dole., exceeding last year's expeediture by 32,000,000 dole. The Treasury is now issuing paper at the rate of 4,000,000 dole. daily. The actual average expen diture daily is estimated at 2,250,000 dole., and for the next year at 800,000,000 dole. The largest por tion of this sum will go to pay the interest of the Na tional Debt. The money-market in the meanwhile has been very tight for the last two weeks. The heading of all money articles in the newspapers has uniformly been this, " The minimum rates for leans on call to first•class borrowers in seven per cent." Gold is to-day at 1481. Every one wonders how it is that Mr. Chase does not avail himself of the power vested in him to issue paper to the full extent of his will and pleasure to prevent money ever getting dear again. The Treasury printing presses, it appears, cannot keep up with the daily expenditures, and application must be frequently made to the banks for loans, at high rates of in terest, of the very paper issuing from the Treasury. From the 6th of August, 1861, to the 3d of March, 1863, Mr. Chase was at different epochs authorised to issue 1,100,000,000 dole. of legal tender notes. H e was at the same time empowered to issue bonds and certificates of different descriptions to the amount of 1,739,000,000 dols. Altogether, he could deluge the country with 2,849,000,000 dole. of his paper, be sides 300,000,000 dols, to be put in circulation by the means of the so-called " National Beebe , Notwithstanding all this, the Secretary of the Treasury has been again and again compelleu to borrow money—his own paper money -.-at a ruinous rate of interest. Witness the loan of the Ist September last, when for a 60 days' accommodation of 50,000,000 dole, he had to pay 60,000 dole. in terest. A great clamour of exultation was raised a few days ago on the report being spread that large sums of Five-Twenties had been subscribed to, and it 'was taken as clear evidence of the public confidence in the solidity of the Govern ment. Those bonds, were, however, bought by men who wanted them merely as objects of speculation, not for a permanent investment. Mr. Chase had paid the agents 4 per cent. commission for the sale of those bonds; but the late rise in the interest of money made it very clear that the specu lating purchasers has only burnt their fingers, and they now strove to rid themselves of the stock by giving the agents 7 percent. commission to sell them for them again. The issue of those 5-20 Bonds had no other result than to direct the money that had been lent to the Government on temporary loans at 5 per cent., payable in paper, into these long bonds, bearing the interest of 6 per cent. in gold, equal to 9 per cent, in paper. The Treasury derived so little real advantage from the transaction, so little money came into its till, that it had, on Monday u las, to Pon the banks to pay up 15,000 do';, t em po. Lan Slough t ;e l ri t ery tlotainotti..ll4 AU these shif ts op e ti a u s bn u a r i y ;g i a st or, d-, , tarp of the Ti L ts and devices of ' strugglin g friends ane ‘, e o e-nerge, vial a it ... ea l . e „ or the I :otitriving Secre have no other effect :.Ima deeper and deeper into top. ` . .pond out of which he is vainly It may be no fault of his, for I t ' i e t e s II ILY attribute to him rare finan paper money to may b e a . confront whether the issue or chore the exigencies of the ' war was a matter Chas© put himself or necessity; but the dangerous expedient havingoo t, once e been resorted to, which admitted neither o f pau la i brink of an abyss Pause nor regression. M r. Nov. 18. Enormous forces are mustering a b out Chatta either side. While Bra g . nooga on g a reinforce ments occupy the fields adjoining the rail way from the South for "a line eight miles in length , ,, Gen. ' Thomas with alt . Sherman has joined Gen.hi e ar my, numbering, it is said, from 25,000 to 30,000 m„,. Here certainly are materi ils for a monster eng age . be no gen era l ment. Probably, however, there will the signal encounter, unless the Confederates gi v e of attack. The Ultra-Abolitionists, or Niggerhesds, as they are here called, in antagonism to the Copperheads, are savagely attacking Geo. Gilmore, because he has intimated to the officers commanding coloured troops that the " black soldiers are only to do ‘ fatigue duty," and to b e k ept constant l y a t work in , the trenches." Gen, Gilmore will hear nothing THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 1, 1863, about " knighting" the nigger by conferring on him the honourable distinction of " "'this," say the Abolitionists, " Was not the pur pose for which we enlisted coloured men. We did it to enlarge the at my, to increase the number of our soldiers, to present a more formidable front to the enemy, to spare somewhat of the bloodshed to which the white race is exposed, and to elevate the character of the black race by admitting them to important duties and responsibi lities." This is exactly what Gen. Gilmore does not understand; neither does Mr. Seymour, Governor of New York, who is also roughly handled by the same Radicals for " driving volunteers to other States"—Ze., putting forth difficulties in the way of negro enlistment for New York Regiments. The " American citizens of African descent" quit the in hospitable Empire state, and hasten to offer their services to the recruiting officers in Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and especially Con necticut, where coloured people are placed on the same footing as regards pay and emoluments as their white comrades, and where a reward of 10 dole. is offered for every coloured recruit. It goes against the grain of Mr. Seymour and with many of his countrymen to have to admit the blacks on terms of equality with the white. Yet the Americans, since they will have war, must either fight themselves or have people to fight for them ; and if the South ultimately succumbs and victory crown the efforts of the Federal arms, there is little doubt the Union must for many years keep up a large army, and that army must be recruited among the negroes, just as surely as the Venetian land forces were made up of the despised Slavonian subjects. The merchant princes don't like soldiering. THE POLISH INSURRECTION, WARSAW, Nov. 11. I spoke in a recent letter of the feverish anxiety with which the speech of the Emperor Napoleon was looked forward to in Warsaw. The day before the opening of the French Chambers numbers of persons went to church and prayed that God would enlighten the the Emperor and turn his heart to wards Poland. On the evening of the sth the most curiously contradictory rumours were in circulation as to what his Majesty had said, and when the German papers arrived with the text of the speech equally opposite interpretations were given to it. On the whole, however, the speech is much admired and is considered encouraging. M.,pe,—" the miser able have no other medici:, e , but only hope,"—still remains to the Pol:,s they cling now to the straw held out to .inem in the shape of a projected Con gress, "which if it were to take place could scarcely tail to bring on war. No regular war could injure the Poles so much as the war against national and family ties, as well as against life and property, of which their unhappy country is now the scene. Even if the Polish nation were to perish in the con flict, it would at least perish arms in hand ; but the fact is it is difficult to think of any combination for war purposes by which it would not almost cer tainly profit. No Pole imagines that the Polish question can be settled, as he would like to see it settled, by peaceful means, and the universal desire in Poland is, of course, that France should end by going to war with Russia. This does not prevent some of the Poles from reflecting that France is not likely to take such a step without an ally, nor from re memoering that it is not very long since Russia lied France were on remarkably good terms. More than that, when the Austrian Diet of Princes was convened, Poles supposed to have close relations with the French Government were of opinion that, the friendly understanding might be renewed, and that if Russia could be tempted to make important concessions to the Kingdom by the promise of French assistance for projects of her own, Austria could be forced to give Cracow, and Prussia might even be induced to part with a small portion of the Duchy of Posen—keeping, of course, for herself the city with its strong fortress. In forming this pro. ject of a restored Grand Duchy of Warsaw, in nar rower limits and under a Russian Prince, its authors counted not only without Russia, but also without the Polish nation, which at that time was convinced that the insurrection would lead inevi tably to a general war, or at least that the three Powers who had engaged in a hopeless diplomatic intervention would finally be compelled to assume a hostile and menacing attitude towards Russia, even if all did not go to the length of taking up arms. Of such a result the Poles must have ceased to think, and it is at least more possible now than it was two months ago that it' France can gain nothing for them by the sword, they would as a last chance accept what France might be able to procure for them by good offices, and by coming to terms with their great oppressor on other questions. The Poles, it must be remembered, take it for granted that the Emperor Napoleon, for the sake of his own position in France, must do something for them, and, therefore, it is argued that if he finds himself left to act entirely alone on their behalf he will have no course open to him but to offer the hand of friendship once more to Russia, and make the best possible friendly bargain for them, even at the expense of Austria. In thinking of such a solution as this the Poles, no doubt, reflect that if Austria has not helped the Russians to suppress the present insurrection quite so openly as the Prussians, she has at least aided them to a very considerable extent, and of late to a greater extent than ever. Thus every endeavour is made to prevent the Galician bands from reaching the fron tier. They are fired upon as they go across, and their passage mad© known to the Russian troops on the other side ; their numbers and position are tele graphed from Lemberg to the Russian authorities at Warsaw, and when they are driven back and seek refuge on Austrian territory, they are disarmed and imprisoned. A most magnificent offer, however, would have to be made to Russia before she could be persuaded to allow a self-governing Kingdom of Poland to come into existence as large or larger than the one which has already caused her so much trouble, and proved to her such a fertile source of disgrace. Nor do the Poles, however intolerable their actual posi tion may be, ask at present for concessions from Russia. The object of their desire is not good go vernment under the Russian Crown, but separation from the Russians, whom they hale just now (and with reason) more than they ever hated them before. Moreover they feel themselves bound in honour to accept no terms from Russia, unless the Lithuanians, who have suffered more even than tae inhabitants of Poland proper during the insurrection, are included in the compct. Even if the most valuable any improbable liberties were offered to the T they could not declare themselves sati ' 3fi r"'a. with them, while the Lithuanians are not allowed to make use of the Polish language, and are imprisoned for establishing Polish schools. Yet it has been surmised that the somewhat vague in quiry in the Emperor's speech, " Is it not urgent to recognise by new conventions what is irre vocably accomplished ?" may refer to the Lithu anian and Ruthenian provinces, which have been governed for the last 30 years on the same syatem as the rest of the Russian Empire, though by the Treaty of Vienna " national and representative institutions" are distinctly promised to them as to all other portions of " the Poland of 1772." But the fact is, Russia must care very little in the pre sent day whether her right to abolish the language of all the educated classes in these provinces be questioned or not. She can get on very well with out treaties as far as Poland is concerned, and better without them than with them. Even Russia her self seems inclined to admit that she has not ob served the treaties of 1815 with any great fidelity, for in th e e diti on o f th e I mper i a l s p eec h , prepare d for the use o f paterna ll y - governe d P o l an d , an d pub lished i n t h e Offi.lial Journal of Warsaw, I find the words "d oes nut respect t h em " g i ven as an admis sible equiv a l ent f or " l es fouls au p i e d . " There is, moreover, this great difficulty in the way o f an arrangement by w hi c h R uss i a s h ou ld ma k e concessio ns to P o l an d i n conform i ty with a friendly ale—th at any re on the subjvct from the Emperor Npoon c i : r u e : e s n t t al t s n Would concessions made und e r suc h help to maintain the Poles in their attitude of trus' towards France and of die trust towards Russia. The R • ussian Government must wih, above all things, to di • minish, and, if pos- Bible, put an end to, the political influence of France and of the Polish emigration in Paris upon her Polish subjects; and unless the French are tho roughly determined, sooner or later, to attempt the re-establishment of a Polish kingdom, sufficiently large to be able to exist by itself, it is to be hoped, for the sake of the Poles, that this in fluence will as soon as possible cease to be felt. As long as the Poles look to the Hotel Lambert, and, through the Hotel Lambert, to the Tuileries, for relief, they will not and cannot get it from St. Petersburg. Promises have been made them on both sides and not fulfilled, and, on the whole, they have been as badly treated by their friends as by their enemies. However, nothing in the history of recent Polish events is more certain than that, when the Grand Duke Constantine arrived in Warsaw, he brought good and not evil to the inhabitants of the kingdom. They, of course, possessed the right of choosing whether to accept or reject what he had to offer ; but, as it was, many of the principal men in Warsaw gave their support to the Grand Duke at first, and then, as soon as they were assured that there was a good chance of a foreign intervention, left him. The resignation of all the principal inde pendent members of the Council of State was ap plauded by their fellow-countrymen in general as a protest against Russian rule in Poland, but to the Grand Duke it must have had another aspect; and, whether the step was praiseworthy or not, it, at least, illustrated the immense difficulty of governing a nation which looks abroad for its guides, and the unhappy position of a nation which is so guided from abroad as to be conducted —now, as in 1831 — to a worse position than that from which it had hoped foreigners might rescue it. It seems to me, then, impossible that Russia will make any concessions to Poland on the representa tions, however friendly, of France; aud this not withstanding the advantages she would derive from a renewal of the French alliance. She may take some merely formal concessions during the time that must elapse between the virtual suppression of the insur rection—apparently on the point of being extin guished—and the arrangement even of the prelimi naries of a Congress; but if they are to be made at all we shall doubtless hear of them at once, so that all suspicion may be averted of their having been caused by other motives than a sincere, unbiassed desire on the part of the Russian Government to conciliate Poland. With regard however to the general signifi cation given to the Emperor Napoleon's speech by the Poles, they, for the most part, conclude from it either that a Congress will take place and will lead to a settlement of their position by the sword, or that it will be found impossible to bring the Euro pean Powers together, and that in that case the Franco-Russian alliance will be renewed with im portant concessions to Poland as one of its condi tions. It is, of course, in the hope of the former result that the insurrection is now being continued. —Times. direct you all is the wish of your ever loving and affection ate daughter, ELI Z ABETH WATERER. Another letter produced was from Mahaig to the coroner, written last Friday at the union workhouse : I do not know what to write about what you may ask for. Shall I put this day the 26th of the month? Where am I going to after that ? I may let you know that we both par took of the poison at the same time, but the poison that I took that she gave me she got at another shop. It had a blue cover. Half an hour afterwards she was dead. I think it was on the night of the 3d. We both said, as she would not leave me, we would die together. She died in my arms. On the Tuesday evening she had a rope cord on her neck when I came upstairs. At night we both took the poison in some gin at;5.30. We both sent, at least left, a letter to both our mothers on the table. I don't wish any one to see this. Dear friends, Ido not care. I wish to God I had gone with her. JOSEPH MAHAIG. This being all the evidence, Mahaig made the fol lowing statement in writing:— Sir,—On the evening of the 3d the young girl spoken of seemed to be in trouble. About the hour of 530 I went downstairs for some ale, and when I came up I found a cord rope wrapped found her neck. I took it off, and before going to bed we both partook of some poison. She afterwards died in my arms. That's all. JOSEPH MAIIAIG. . The Coroner then charged the jury, whu retired. They returned into court in an hour and a quarter, and recorded the following verdict : We find that the deceased, Elizabeth Waterer, destroyed her own life on or about the 4th of November inst., and that she was in a sound state of mind at the time. We fur ther find that Joseph Mahaig is guilty of aiding and abet ting in the same. _ _ The witnesses were then bound over to appear at the next Surrey assizes in the prosecution of Ma haig on the charge of wilful murder. At the rising of the court the street was quite impassable from the crowds anxious to see Mahaig removed to the cells of the police station. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE, THE NEW RAILWAY PROJECTS. The following is an official list of all the plans and sec tions for new railways deposited in conformity with the standing orders of the Houses of Lords and Commons with the Board of Trade up to eight o'clock last night, yesterday being the last day for receiving them : Alford and Mablethorpe, Avon Valley, Antrim and Down Counties Junction, Aylesbury and Buckingham, Ashford, and Faversham Junction, Aberystwith and Welsh Coast, Atmand ale and Sol way J anc tion—Alton, Alrewsa, and Win chester Extension—Aldborough Pier and Railways, Angle sey Central. Belfast Central, Bristol Port and Channel Docks, Bour ton-on-the-Water Extension, Blyth and Tyne (new works) Bromley, Blyth and Tyne (additional powers)—Belfast, Ballymoney, and Ballycastle—Banbridge Railway, Tram way, and Pier—Belfast and Northern Counties—Becken ham, Lewes, and Brighton—Bristol and South Wales Union (additional lands)—Buckfastleigh, Totnes, and South Devon—Brecon and Merthyr-Tydfil Junction—Bristol Port Extension, Brecon and Merthyr Junction (No. 1), ditto (No. 3)—Bodmin, Wadebridge, and Cornwall Junction— Blackpool and Fleetwood, Blockley and Banbury—Brid port Harbour, Railway, and Pier—Bangor and Llanberis Direct, Bristol and North Somerset (Bath Extension), Brighton Tramway, Bristol Central Station and Railways, Bristol and North Somerset Extension—Blackfriars Em bankment, Roadway, and Railways. Charing-cross (Western); Chichester and Midhurst,Corres —Crief, Methvin Junction and Branch—Chipping Norton and Banbury, Carrickfergus Tramway, Chichester and Mid hurst, Clifton, Carmarthen and Cardigan Branch, City of Glasgow Union, Ditto and Hutborn Tramways, Caledonian (Glasgow Harbour), Ditto (Bredisholme and Tennochside), Cuckfield, Chichester, and Midhurst —Crystal Palace (new lines)—Obeadle, Didsbury, and Manchester—Carnarvon and Llanberis,Cannock Chase and Woverhampton,Charing Cross (additional lines), Central Wales and Sraffordsnire Junction,Chard Railw6y and Lyme Regis Harbour Railway, Crystal Palace and SouthLondonJuncti Jn,earmarthenshl re, Charing Cross (Northern), Carnarvon and Llanberis, Cowes and Newport. Dublin, Rathmines, Radgar, Roundstown,Rathfarnham, and Rathcoole—Devon (North) and Somerset—Dublin, Rathmines, and Rathfarnham—Dublin and Baltinglass Junction, Dumfriesshire and Cumberland (Solway) Junc tion—Dover, Deal, and Sandwich—Denburn Valley,Dublin Trunk Connecting—Dudley, Oldbury, and Birmingham— Dasentry, Dublin Metropolitan,Drayton Junction—Dublin, Wicklow, and Wexford—Dublin Grand Junction, Dublin. ExeValley,East Glocestershire—Edgware,Higbgate, and London (branch to the Alexandra-park)—Exmouth Docks, East and West Junction, East London (Thames Tunnel), Edinburgh and Glasgow, East Norfolk Railways, Erith Tramways—Ely, Haddenham, and Sutton. Farnham, Aldershot, and Woking—Flintshire—Finch ley, Willesden, and Acton. Great Eastern (St Ives to Ramsay), Great Western (fur ther powers), Glocestershire and Wiltshire, Great Northern Nos. 1,2, and 3, Guildford and Leatherhead, Glasgow and North British,Glasgow and Paisley, Groat Eastern (North ern Junction), Great Northern and Victoria Station, Gar stang and Knot-end, Glendevon and Crieff, Great Eastern (Highbeach Branch) Ditto Junction—Glocester, Chelten ham, and Oxford—Glocester and Ledbury, Great Southern and Western and Midland Great Western Junction of Ire land, Great Eastern (Metropolitan Station and Railways). Hadleigh and Lavenham,Helston and Penrhyn Junction, Hammersmith and City Extension—Holywell, Hayling, Halifax and Ovendon Junction, Hammersmith and Wim bledon, Hoylake—Hereford, Hay, and Brecon—Henley in Arden—Hounslow, West Drayton, Breconfield, and High Wycombe—Halifax, Huddersfield, and Keighley—Ham mersmith, Mid!and North-Western, and Charing-cross Junction. Ilfracombe. Kent Coast, Kilkenny Junction—Kew, Turnhout. green, and Hammersmith—Kingsbridge, Knutaford, and Warrington—Kington and Eardisley—Kingston, Toot ing, and London. Liverpool and Central Station—Launceston, Bodmin, and Wadebridge—London, Brighton, and South Coast (addi tional powers)—Londonderry and Lough Swilly (eaten sion)—Lancaahire and Yorkshire, ditto (additional powers) Lancashire Union, London Low Level—Leeds, Bradford, and Halifax (new works)—London, Brighton, and South- Coast (Kemp-town station and lines)--ditto, Tonbridge (western and south-eastern lines)—ditto (new lines to Bat tersea)—London and North-Western (additional powers) mington Harbour and Docks—London and South- Western (Kensington, Hammersmith, and Richmond) — ditto (North Devon extensions), ditto (Chertsey extension), ditto (additional works)—Llanidloes and Newtown (land), London and Blackwall (extension), ditto (Great Northern and Midland Junction), Llyuvi Valley ani Ogmore, Lon don, Brighton, and Southcoast (Ouse Valley line)—Lime rick, Foynes, Tralee, and Killarney Junction—Llanelly (No. 2)—London, Chatham, and Dover (No. 2) —Llandilo and Telffy, London Main Trunk (underground connecting branches), London Union. Manchester and Milford (deviations and new lines), Metropolitan (extension to Trinity-square, Tower-hill), Metropolitan (additional powers), Metropolitan and St. John's-wood, Midland (Chesterfield to Sheffield), Marple, Newmilld, And Hayfield—Monklands, Mid Wales, Mistley, Thorpe, and Walton—Metropolitan (Notting -hill and Brompton Extension), Midland (new lines and additional powers), Macclesfield, Boddington, and Marple—Midland (branches to Bath and Thornbury), Macclesfield and Knuts ford, Midland (St. Pancras Extension), Macclesfield and Cheshire Midland Junction, Mayfield, Market Harborough and East Norton, Market Harborough and Melton Mow bray, Maidstone and Ashford, Metropolitan and Grand Union, Metropolitan District. North Kerry and Limerick Junction, Newark and Mans field, Newquay and Cornwall Junction, North Durham, North Staffordshire (Silverdale, Madeley, and Drayton), North-Eastern (Leeds Extension), ditto (York and Don caster), ditto (Leeds New Central Station), ditto (additional powers), North Erltish (Carlisle Citadel Station), ditto (Abbey Holme and Leegete, ditto (Perth Branch), North and South Junction, North London (Tottenham branch), ditto (additional powers), North Staffordshire (new works), N - b wry and Armagh (Extensio, Neath and Brecon (new lines, Neath to Swansea), ditto Exte;2sion to Central Wales, North and Soh Staffordshire Junction'', North and South London (High levei junction), North and ,youth-Western Junction, North and South London Junction. Ok e h a mpton, Deviation, Gsviestry, Ellesmere, and Whit church—Oxford-street and City. Paddington and Charing-cross, Parsonstown and For tumna, Portsmouth and Portsea Extensions, Pembroke and Tenby, Purbeck, Prestatyn and Cwm, Peterborough, Wis bech, and Sutton ; Pulborungh, Storrington, and Steyning; Portpatrick, Petersham, Peterefleld, and Bishop's Waltham; Poole, Bournemouth, and Wimbome. Redruth and Falmouth Junction, Reigate and London. (West -end Junction), Royston and Hitchin, Ribbesdale, Ryde Station, Rhymney (Cardiff and (Caerphilly), ditto (Junction with Merthyr Tredegar, &c.), Ramsgate, Rots, Forest of Deane, and Monmouth, Rickmansworth, Amer sham and Chesham (level crossings). Stamford and Essendine (Sibson Extension), Salisbury and Yeovil (additional lands), Stonehouse and Nailsworth Extension, Surrey and Susses Junction, Swansea and Oys termouth, South Wales Mineral, Scottish North-Eastern, Scottish North-Eastern and Scottish Central, Scarborough, Whitby, and Stathes ; Shrewsbury and Potteries Junction, South Cheshire, Southampton and Netley, Scottish Central (Dundee and Newtyle), ditto (extension of station), Shrewsbury Bridges, South Wales, Tenby, and Milford Haven Railways; Swansea Vale and Neath and Brecon futtttion . 4 Staines, Egham, and Working ; Sunningdale and Yorkshire (with extention to Aldershott) ; Sheffield Chesterfield, and Staffordshire ; South Eastern (No. 1), ditto (No. 2) ditto (No. 3), Stafford and Uttoxeter, Sunningdale , and ambridgetown, Somerset and Dorset Railway (Cheddar Valley and Yat ton ) , ditto (extension to Shepton Mallet)—South Yorkshire (branches, &c.) Torbay and Brixham, Tooting, Merton and Wimbledon, Tendring Hundred, Thames Viaduct Railway, en Thua, Kitt :and otten- T ew k e sbury and Malvern (additio nal lands), Toittn) Hampstead Junction (Alexan dra park EueYstensToamaTr ham and Hampstead unction, TeignY kill, and Cailington—Tottenhatu and Farringdon-street, Buckfast, e igh, Ashburton , and Th a mes Tunnel—Totn eas, Newtown. Vale of Crickhowell. Victoria Station, and Thames Em bankment, Ventnor Tramway. Worcester, Dean Forest, end Monmouth (Gloooter Ex tension)—West 'Yorkshire—Worcester, Leominster, and Bromyard—Weston Super Mare, Ambridge, Cheddar, and Wells—West Super Junction, Waterford and Wexford, Wills and Gloster, West Riding and Grimsby, Wellington and Drayton, West Norfolk Junction, Watford and Edge ware Junction, West Shropshire Mineral (new lines), ditto, alterations, Wallingford and Watlington, Woodgreen and Enfield, Wrexham, Mold, and Connah's Quay—Waltham stow, Clapham, and City— Weald of Kent, Wolverhampton and Bridgemark, Wimbledon and Brixton, West Drayton, Staines and Woking—Whitland, Tenby, and Milford Haven —Wensum Valley—the total number of projects being 300. The Supposed Murder at Guildford. Yesterday afternoon Mr. Capron, the borough coroner, resumed, in the Council Chamber, Guild ford, the inquest on the body of Elizabeth Waterer, the young woman found in a bedroom at the Coach makers' Arms beerliouse, North-street. The ser geant, Mahaig, who was found lying by her side with his throat cut, was present. He was exceed ingiy weak, and looked much dejected. The evidence taken at the former sittings of the Court was read over by the Coroner, who asked Mahaig if he wished to propose any questions to the witnesses, to nod or shake his head. He, howe ever, declined to ask anything. Professor Taylor, of Guy's Hospital, who, at the instance of the Secretary of State, had made an analysis of the stomach, was then examined. He said that on the 19th of November he re ceived from Mr. Pnilips, at Guy's Hospital, two separate portions of a human stomach, which had been preserved in rectified spirits. One portion, marked No. 1, had already been partially examined by Mr. Phillips; the other portion (No. 2) had not. He found no strychnine or other poisonous matter in either. On Tnursday last Mr. Phillips met him at Guy's Hospital, and he showed him the results he had obtained. They applied an additional teat, and the result was that neither by chemical test nor by the microscope could they detect strychnia. In order to judge whether their premises were correct, they introduced a very minute quantity of strychnia, and the result was that it produced all the usual chemi cal changes, showing that atrychnia would have been detected had it been present. Mr. Phillips handed him a sixpenny packet of Butler's " Vermin Killer." It weighed 15 grains, and he found on testing it that it contained atrychnia without crys tals. He had since made a further analysis, and found it was chiefly composed of flour and soot, and two grains of strychnia. Four grains was sufficient to kill a woman. He had analysed these packets l:efore, and he found them to vary greatly. He lound no eoot in the stomach of the deceased. A person might die from a small portion of atrychnia, end yet none would be found in the stomach, as some portion of it would be taken into the blood by absorption. The poison which kills is usually not that which is found in the stomach, but in the blood, where it mortally operates. The large quan tities of food in the stomach, rapid absorption, and other causes would prevent in some measure the operation of poison on the stomach, and of course it would not be so visibly perceptible in the stomach itself. He had heard what Mr. Phillips had said about an indication of the presence of strych nia, and he could account for it. One of the tests for the poison gave a very strong colour to the organic matter in the stomach, and led to the presurnwion of the presence of strichnia ; bat they also applied a colourless test, which indicated no such presence. From the general state of the organs of the body in this case, as described, ho should think that strychnia had probably been in action ; at least the contracted state of the heart, the con dition of the tongue, &e a were compatible with such a supposition. 'l' he state of the heart and lunge was the chief point they looked to for indications of this poison. He should not consider that death from suffocation would produce such appearances as those here presented. There did not appear to be any escape of blood from the seats of pressure on the neck, the marks on which he could not refer to any violence of that kind. There might, indeed, be gentle pressure, so as not to produce marks of violence, but he should hardly be inclined to assign the death to that cause. In two recent cases of murder by strangulation there were clinched hands and marks of violence, The non-rigidity of the body after putrefaction was not an evidence of the absence of eteyebela, In answer to the Coroner, Professor Taylor said he et:mimed up the result of his exami nation thus ;—That the edwßian of t he heart and lungs of the d eceas ed are more coneintent with death by strychnia th a n a ny other cause he k neYe of j that the absence of any indentation or laceeetion of the neck, the absence of effusion of blood in tho parts corresponding, to the marks seen on the outside, anti the absence of any signs of resistance of the body when alive, are adverse to the supposition that the deceased died from strangulation ; and that the absence of congestion of the heart and lungs is also adverse to the theory of suffocation. Professor Taylor added that, though he did not wish to make any suggestion, yet he thought that all the facts of the case as detailed in the evidence might be ex• plained by the supposition of the deceased having taken about one-fourth of the powder. She could not have swallowed much of it, or some coloutiog matter must have been detected in the stomach or its contents. He could not believe that she died a natural death. Wm. Humphreys, recalled, identified Mahaig as the man whom he had seen in Elizabeth Waterer's company on Sunday evening, Nov. 1. The following letter from Mahaig to the sergeant major of his regiment was then read: — Guildford, Nov. 3, 1863. Sir,—l presume in sending you these few lines, as I know you are always a good friend. I send you this as a favour. I hope you will accept the same for me, as I am about to take my departure from this world. And I hope you will take care of yourself as regards company, as it has brought nit to this ruin ; but I give no blame to them. I conclude with my best respects to all the sergeants. JOSEPH Manant. My medal I will forward to the colonel. Wed bye. The next letter was found in the bedroom of the beerhouse Guilford, 3d of the 10th month. Dear Mothet,—l think it rather strange your not answering niy last letter which I sent. I think it very un kind in your not doing so In a short time you will send to me along farewell, as I am about to go with Joseph K. Mahaig, of the 3d Regiment at Aldershot. I think my time will be very short in this world, as I am very much attached to him. I blush when I intimate this to you, but as a mother, you must know what youth is. As I have made up my mind rather than part with him to partake of some deadly draught. But do not blame him for this; as you will see in the news of the I inies or hear of both our names. Very likely he will get the blame for this ; but I hope as regards my declaration you will contradict it. Dear mother, I now kindly bid you all farewell, and as we will not meet in this world I hope we shall in the world to come. My boxes -ars at Guildford railway station, there is two in num ber. If you will go there you can have them. There's also a dret s at my place, which you can ask the cook for. I must conOude at present. Good evening, with my best respects to d) inquit:ing friend& May God of Hie infinite mercy SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TlMES.—There has been no delay in appointing a successor to the great office which the certain re signation and only too probable death of Lord Elgin have rendered vacant. It was considered desire able that the new Governor-General should depart for the sphere of his duties by the mail which leaves this country on the 10th of this month. The list of persons qualified by rank and talents to hold an office which requires the greatest ability and de votion to the public service, but which the prescrip tion of the last thirty years seemed to have de cided must be held by a Peer, was soon run through. Some were disqualified by age—a melan choly experience having recently made it only too plain that those who go to discharge the tre mendous duties and responsibilities of this anxious and laborious office, if they commence their expe rience of India after the meridian of life,'go only to seek an honourable but certain grave. Others, possessed of rank, wealth, and high connexion—of everything that gives a charm and attraction to life, were unwilling to run the risk of what has come to be regarded as a dangerous service; while others found in the political prospects which were open to them a counter attraction too powerfal to be re sisted. It has been happily determined, then, to break through the charmed circle which has so long restricted the office of Governor-General to the Peerage, and to send out to the empire which was formed by the exertions of Robert Clive and Warren Hastings not only a commoner, but a commoner wholly unconnected with any family of the English aristocracy. The person, how ever, on whom the choice of the Govern ' ment has rested is a man stamped by the hand of nature with the truest impress of nobility, and though not born, to inherit aristocratic titles is pe culiarly calculated to create them. Every one will recognise from this description that the new Go vernor-General of India is Sir John Lawrence, If past services can be admitted as giving a title to positions of honour and command, as well as proving the fitness of him who has rendered them, no living man has a claim to be intrusted with the govern ment of India at all comparable to the claims of our new Viceroy. He has saved the empire which he is destined to administer. Placed in a newly con quered and turbulent province, which nothing but his genius and firmness could have reduced in to short a period to anything like order, cut off fi ona the slightest possibility of assistance from any quarter, intrusted with the lives of the whole Euro pean population of the Punjab, with nothing but a small military force and his own undaunted courage to rely on, the mutiny of 1857 found Sir John Law rence in a position in which it would have been thought a great triumph to preserve the interests more immediately committed to him from destruc tion. That, however, was not the view which Sir John Lawrence took of his duty. Many felt then, and all see now, that upon the success of the siege of Delhi depended the existence of our power in India. If we nad not taken Delhi, we should have lost the country ; though it is certainly possible that, by enormous efforts and sacrifices, we might have succeeded in reconquering it. The siege of Delhi owed he success to Sir John Lawrence. Without his energetic remonstrances, it would have been aban doned ; without his foresight, fertility of resource, and unflinching resolution, the siege of Delhi would have failed. Out of his own slender resources, in the midst of a population only watching for the least symptom of weakness to rise in insurrection, Sir John Lawrence contrived to organise the means of transport for stores, artillery,'and munitions of every kind, and, above all, those reinforcements under Nicholson, without which success could never have been achieved. At the same time he suppressed with a strong hand the mutiny of his own native troops, and held his province without any of those disastrous reverses which befel us in so many other parts of our empire. But it is not only on the ground of past services that the elevation of Sir John Lawrence to the office of Governor-General is to be justified, but on the powers for command and orga nisation which those services have drawn forth and made manifest. No man has more power over native races, no man possesses more the faculty of giving them as much of European civilisation as they are capable of receiving. The collection of revenue and the administration of justice in the Punjaub under Sir John Lawrence have become the model for all the non-regulation provinces. The procedure in civil causes, mainly, we believe, the invention of Sir John Lawrence himself; was the precursor of that code of procedure which has worked so happy a revolution among the dilatory Courts of India. From among the men trained by Sir John Lawrence have been found those best fitted for high and difficult trusts, and the maxims of his policy have become a sort of tradition among many who never knew their author. He has the credit of possessing, if not a profound knowledge of finance, a peculiarly clear and quick insight into its difficulties. If we add to all this a character of the most perfect simplicity, truth, and conscientious ness, we have given the portrait of a man whose appointment to exercise sway over the destinies of a hundred and fifty millions of the human race is amply, and more than amply, justified. There have been periods in the history of India when a man such as Sir John Lawrence would have been the very ideal of a Viceroy, bringing order out of chaos, tempering justice with mercy, and overwhelming by the force of his character those who might not be prepared to yield to the wisdom of his counsels. At present India demands rather the development of her internal resources, the adaptation of European ideas to her government, her agriculture, her commerce, and all the arts of life; the diffusion of an education calculated to raise the; people from their degraded state, the improve ment of means of trans port, and the care of the health of the soldier. We believe that in these and simile.r matters Sir John Lawrence, with the versatility of true genius, will be found as much at home as he has been in the arts necessary to reclaim a barbarous people and to crush a cruel and treacherous enemy. Indeed, when we compare the qualifications which he is known to possess with those which have been proved to belong to the best of his . predecessors when they entered on the administration of Govern ment, we can scarcely admit the possibility that he may be found less adapted for a period of peace and commercial development than he has undoubtedly shown himself for a period of war, of treachery, and of danger. We have only one further remark to make. Sir John Lawrence is well known to be a rtian of strong religious feeling, and is generally supposed to advocate more active measures for the propagation of Christianity in India than the gene ral opinion of those to whom her government is in trusted would be inclined to recommend. We do not doubt that in this, as in so many other cases, that practical good sense which has never deserted him will not fail to attend him, and that neither the stability of our empire nor the cause of civili zation and enlightenment will suffer by too ardent a wish to anticipate a change which can only be the result of temper, patience, and long-suffering. HERALD. —Oar readers are doubtless familiar with the anecdote of the housemaid who protested that there was no dust Or dirt in her jurisdiction, "It was the nasty sun." A ceinilar philosophy seems ' t ," prevail with the parochial authorities of Bethnal greetz. There is no special dirt or disease in their i mmacut lete parish, so they tell us--the only actual nu i san ces as -e Dr. Moore and the coroner. True to this con viction, the rulers of the parisi2 are doing their best to suppress both the one and tLe other, and the energies of the' vestry and the board of ozuft,rr-e dians are directed to the t:nuffing and the shutting up of the c..`roner's court. In d w out of Dr. Mo e the midst of the parochial turmohl thuso cee, excited, hear the stately tones of the Homo ffi what is the meaning of this uproar, ertain legal the attention of the local authorities to t- n a .h. to say considerations. Perhaps it is not too ril 050 ouch and directing that no parish in the kingdom comma n dse The light is let of public attention at the present time politan parish of Bethrial-gre d en tn . and the reeking in upon the domain of beadleno ar , e placed in full dens of that hatless region as the metzP although fact upon view of the public eye. 1 3 t start li n g distinctness, and fact accumulates with is moved at the horrid epectacles , t he p ar the very Governmen t ish au th o rities have the hardi hoodnot them selves, but those fungi• remain faithful to their trust, an d t w h o bravely let in the li g ht u p on this scene of fil th , ionar to reproach, wh o et fever, and desolation. But for a medical officer who ba d spirit enough to risk the loss of place and fa vour, but for a coroner who was willing to brave all the petty annoyances of a parish officially hostile to his functions, and but for the ready interposition of the public press, all the horrors of Bethnel-green might have existed unknown to the community at • large, and unaffected by the face of public opinion. • The sun shines upon the fever nest, and its hideous uncleanness appals the heart cf society, however indifferent the constituted authorities may continue to be. It takes a good deal to convince some people, sod it evidently takes very much to make the parochial magnates of Bethnal-green practically • conscious of the abominations by which they are • surrounded. They can discern much to objec‘ to in Dr. Moore or Mr. Coroner HumphreY, but they can see nothing particularly obp noxious in Holly bush-gardens or other chr;sen locatitieg, where it is next to impossible for a chit' to live. There is war in Bethnal-green, and there is death. The authorities are not disposed to attack the fever, but they are determined to attack the doctor. Time and energy requir ed for the saving of precious lives are devoted to the raking up of accusations against the officer of health who ha s dared to expose the prevalent sanitary evils of the parish. In the meantime death is doing its terrible work. The King of Terrors is not to be beaten back by angry resolu tions and captioue charges. The ness, and the arrow which flieth by day, are d e .' stroying the young child and the suckling. It le i not too much to say that public feeling is outrag e ? Pestilence which walketh in dark by the every-day history of Bethnal-green. l; parochial squabble may be very amusing Wi de r certain circumstances, but not in the midst . 9 . a graveyard , where little coffins are being eontio nually dropped into the ground, and where motner are weeping over poisoned babes poisoned by official contumacy. If the vestry and t he g nat .. _ diana of Bethnal-green are so infatuated as think that the community at large is looking 111)°' their parish with the same eyes as themselves ail are greatly mistaken. The public are not to b.. gulled into the idea that all this uproar is oe.es sioned simply by a fussy, impetuous, intriga' l3 ., g medical officer or popularity -hunting cororie; Society at large knows. better than this. t'jt facts do not rest upon the sole testimony ef Moore. The senior surgeon of the Great N orther, Hospital, being summoned as a witness into can: deposes to the sanitary history of one particule' family in Hollybush-gardens. Out of six children in this family, all originally healthy, four e re . o attacked with scarlatina, two die and two rope! in a very precarious state. The two that died di ; not succumb to the fever, but " died during ° l p ordinary . stage of convalescence." The little strefig`e which the fever left them, and which would h e borne them up into health again under ordinar ily favourable circumstances, was insufficient to eae b .,' them to contend with a malaria so intense that we are told—the adult population were th erek' s robbed of sleep during the night, and could i °, enter their backyards without being made 01°,1 rho witness to whom we have just alluded s tat e , in his evidence that (in reference to Hollybi l ,o gardens) "the soil in all directions seemed sat arato. f by the exudations of the cesspools, " and the sl) simply stank." This gentleman (Mr. John 01, 0 further stated that " children attacked by zyo3°`o diseases springing from such a source would heyto hardly a chance of struggling against their de ° e , in an atmosphere so foul." As remed ial n' be sures be recommended that the privies s hould d trapped, an abundant water supply introduce drainage lhid down, and the very ground t h e deodorised. Finally, Mr. Gay advised that g t", convalescent children should be removed, hst, otherwise their death was inevitable." Do they parochial authorities believe all this ? Or do W e ' d think that they are mere fictions of some 0 1° 0 . imagination ? Holly bush-gardens have been e° oo plained of in Dr. Moore's official report ttn i e guardians a month ago, and " he believed the' „t, had made a similar report some months back!' -v " a 0 they, ". he was not aware that any steps had b e " , ,, taken in consequence." So far as professional ea t , deuce goes, Dr. Samuel Pearce also pronotis,c"o Hollybush-gardens " decidedly noxious to heal t he The jury decided in this particular case, that t :f • poor little victim of five years old died from the 0 1 " - e , tal . effects . of the impure atmosphere which t r g i vailed in the locality, and they further decie`," o . .that . " great blame is due to the parochial aelc i d rities, inasmuch as they ought to have reMeu t .„ - 0 such a state of things long ago." In a ddit l 'i o to this, the jury condemned the property '0 question . as unfit for the abode of he °l O beings, and declared—" That the inhabits p 8 ought to quit until the said Hollyhush-ga r 2 e bl , be . deodorised and rendered fit for human " a nc t, ration." The verdict - is very special and very dis tl ,lo , I . . f after this and all preceding admonitions, the au rams of Bethnal-green are still determined to B:4"be by their nuisances, some vigorous measures ner he if enforced to bring these brazen boobies tO senses. Fever is not a thing to be slighted , Part,i-of larly in a large and crowded city. The disease "Iti spread, and Heaven knows how far it may ge: he a lecture given by Dr. Moore on Friday nig h "• o o made it sufficiently clear for popular apprebelied that scarlet fever naturally and inevitably reee,ati. from a certain gas which abounds in cesspool via. "But the disease so generated was co nta g o°o Its virulence was indicated by the instance in he noticed a child playing over a sewer grating, $O. in four hours that child was dead. As f or the Cato tagious character of the disease, he had brought b° the infection to his own family. Disease of t hisl/ nf ture is not to be trifled with, and the authoritie S a single parish most not be allowed either to slaeg,,, ter the poor by official neglect in their own jer:O".. diction, or to let loose upon the metropolis sa cks fections disease which may ultimately introu;re suffering and death where the originating cauelfeo. not permitted to exist. Bethnal-green if; a l ° t oe der against every metropolitan parish cleave.- di r tier , itself—and we hope it is not possible to find COUNTRY MARKETS. COLCHE STEn—Nov. 28. There was a fair supply of wheat at our marke t 4.,., .clitio and.the demand was good. No change in prices. i3s 3‘,? , Wheat, white .. 44s 50s Beans, Mazagart.,•‘ 3°,, 0 red 40s 44s middle & smalA•';', ss 0' 1 , 4 Barley Oats GLOUCESTER—Nov. 28. 'l There was a plentiful show of English wheat tip for which the currencies of last week wer e rain e 3 Foreign wheat held for an advance of is on the P 7 DO last week. Oats, barley, beans, and peas w ere du unaltered in value. CHELMSFORD—NOT. 27. bo el' At this corn exchange to-day there was a moderaioo,oo ness done. The prices of las . week were is in ad i lei for fine sorts. Other sorts arm , b ut not dearer. Ppi, in largo supply, at .1s per quarter cheaper. A fair ness in other articles, and prices unchanged. ag ' 3l l Wheat, old white 30s 47s teas, Partridge...• 3 r :3 9 ", new 44s 48s White .......... 3 g o 4, 1 : old red 34s 40s Boiling .. ..... 3 Y, s F° new Chevalier ..... 3 2 2 887 5 5s Barley 39536 BeDansitto, Tick,new .. :old .... ...... 390 ..--0 Grinding 22s 31s neW.• 4 Malt. 42s Dun ....... ....... 3 ° / 41 61s 67s Harrow Ticks ..!: : Chevalier . 64s 69s neW • • 5 7 30 Oats 20s 28s Mazagan ....... KIRKCALDY GRAIN—Nov. 28. - oot We had large supplies of all descriptions of gr 10Fe market to-day, which sold freely. Wheat and 01 0 qr higher than last week. Wheat. Barley. Oats. First....34s Od 2ss 6d I 16 $ Od Second ..36s Od 27s Oct 17s 6 d Third....39s Od 30s Od 19s Oct COAL MAI KET. erloes of Coal per Ton at the dose of the Inari o, 6 ' S. d. Hastings Hartley ....15 6 Lambert's West Hart- Walls Bu d ' .16 6 Kelloe ..... •• • " IS 9 South Kelloe.. ....... .18 9 Hartlepool ........ '• .10 0 East Hartlepool ..... . 1 9 9 Hetton ........... • • .1/ 6 Wharncliffe ....... . • .0 Belmont ............. is 13raddylr s Retton ...... '9 v, South Retton ........ •i s 0 0 Russer s Retton 1S 6 Reugh Ssll 1 9 9 Cassop T unstall .• • • . ..... III 0 North Hartlepool. .ket, 82 ; sold, 76. ley 15 Wylam 17 Holywell ..17 West Hartley 15 Eden Main ...17 Cowpen Hartley 15 Davison's West Hart- ley.. l6 6 Walker Primrose 14 9 Taufield Moor Butes 15 6 Walls End. Haswell .....19. 0 Ships at mart Births. of 28th ult., at Pinner, Mrs. Blew" -..1 -.I ,• - BLEWITT.-011 the the WO a daughter. ult.,.n a , t o 7 f a A, daughter. cromweli.osee, a On the 26th ult., at Chilton Rectory, - , CHAPLIN ughter. i)a cl7 . n on the M e , t 2 h . o 7 ef C t h a h 26 a d i ah h at ult., the Hon. 31rth Edvi wingfieid, of a son. Marriages. go' , -pro f Of BRUCE—WOODRUFFE.—On the 28th ult_., at S , . . 0 -- o' h r awiretwhi:ae:r:l. —On T e : ° h . Church, Kensington, William Bruce, Esq. , '' .-- clit .' llg - v 8 0" The Crescent, Kensington , to Charlotte, Mir" e JP. of Mrs. JohnWoodruffe, oill, Richmond-terrac I Water. R:CARDO— t pet A PERRY.—On the 28th ult., at 8 1001 , ,,iyie E,,. ton-square, Francis Ricardo, Esq., of Ille, i , r , e , ' Wim!sor, to Louisa Jane, second daughter 01' Parry, Deaths. , c ,. o° ° ' BEAMAN.—On ill: 3 29th ult., at Hamuiersnlith, 'l"..;ar4ei3P flute Beaman, !au() of Henrietta - street, CO-Olt'''. aged 39. pp doref Coux.—On the 29th ult., at the Court Lodge , M Kent, Albert Cock, Esq., aged 40. i cn . s — o n o , n E: h c e . , 2 8 7 1 aged u1t.,55 . 00 0 YNSON.—On the 27th ult., at Liscard, Che sttirel Jo o. I' llj‘4ll Lujx°at Putney, Esq., aged 53. iloer MALONE.—On the 27th ult., at the Royal NV tat, Plymouth, Edmund Malone, Esq., I I "; (I vfeb ts3ll9 MESBAN —On the 28th ult., at CanonbCurefei:::-. Lode Esq., of 16, America-aquare, aged 58. 1. 0 1,00E , "' Buckingham, the 26th ult., at Mitid:sMordfd ...., uckinghain, the Ilon. Mrs. Edward Wing' e ...... - ---- ,,f!,'".C' London : Pr 12, zed and Pabhshed by WILLIAM , Iso. , a of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TnE Still Ct;ccoung Strand, .n the Pre cinct of the Savoy' 10" e kliddlebex, —UMW, December 1, 1863. J -111- FREER( PitorEl To BE 1 7 , 4 ° , 10 0 z r i. 67, Cl FRE E r 42f lan (1 " ( the n, cotta NNE} brace thl J rda b Ante ' C Zilinleq V Fere th 10 the Ir eniences. THERE chaser is and then Aucti un cr Rill DIE 9th Dp c , 1 /011)0 street, A flan-stre Plana obtained hall. i -, cirt:A Th e r Iterehau SCALE Parti e street, it° (Estali it eli , j .1111bert 'titt Killian 11 lomat Ale xan Predk 'livered It _ o bc. A nI.T. "as• St( PrRI , '°rPor, Tile ] wed Equi' aYabli Tht A Life y This Poll< the Sts I€ 6&, C raj T TR follov MAIi and I. eon Ale celebi PLAN Col IV. E Th most Or and 1 “7 V) co]