The Sun. — London, England, 1830-01-02 00:00:00

o suffer ; the one only lasts a few months, the other is propagated for ages, and consigns whole nations to the tomb ; the infected with the plague recover, but Jacobins never. If we go back in imagination to the situation of France, in the reign of Louis XVI., it was nearly that in which most of the monarchies of Europe are now placed ; ancient laws which require to be ad justed to the spirit of the age, a dangerous philo sophy very universally disseminated, an excess of ambition in the middle classes, irradiations of a new light which is called liberty, and which dazzles all eyes ; and lastly, little esteem for the Institutions under which we live, and a great desire to change them. If Louis XVI. had led the example which God wished lie should give to the world, if he could have foreseen that his goodness would cause the misfortune of his subjects ; if in the free circulation of a few dangerous writ ings, this good King could have discovered the germ of all the evils which have been since pro pagated—Can we believe that a just severity on his part would not have saved the lives of two millions of men, would not have secured the repose of two generations ? _ _ Think of this, Kings, who are now in the situa tion in which the Martyr King was forty years ago." There is much truth in the language which the Government Gazette of the French Ministry here addresses to the Kings of Europe. It is much easier to prevent than to cure. One of the first effects of the circulation of liberal writings is, that the people acquire a taste for them ; and when they have acquired this taste, they have no relish for the pastures on which they formerly fed. But opinions, like seed put into the ground, yield fruit in time. The Monarchies, therefore, whiCh wish to retro grade, or at least to remain stationary, ought rigorously to prohibit the circulation of all Libe ral Journals, which tend to make people dissa tisfied with their condition, and to dream of placing the laws and institutions in harmony with their opinions. Nations may continue generation after generation in a state of blissful repose, if the constant stimulus of Liberal Journals is kept from them. But the use of all stimulants produces a constant craving for a still stronger supply. Let no man begin dram-drinking with the idea that he can go on with the small allowance with which he was at first satisfied ; let no man enter on a course of inquiry with the idea of his not becoming gradually bolder and bolder in his views. It was in this that the wis dom and the humanity of the Spanish Govern ment shone so pre-eminently conspicuous, that on the breaking out of the Reformation, it at once destroyed all the infected persons and wri tings within the dominions, and prevented the entrance of all heretical writings. England, France, and Germany, were filled with contro versies and bloodshed for centuries ; while Spain remained tranquil—the people proud of the purit-y-cf their faith, and ignorant of the abomi nations going on in other countries. This was true humanity to the people. The inquisition did its work well ;it rooted out the evil. The allowing circulation to erroneous and bold opinions, under the idea that they can be re pressed by the ordinary tribunals, is an error dangerous to the repose of States, and cruel to the people who become the victims of the opinions. When opinions are suffered to take root, it is seldom possible to extirpate them. More lives were lost in two or three years, in an attempt to dragoon the people of Scotland into obedience to the Church of England, than fell by the inquisition, since its origin to the present day. It is much easier to exclude the entrance of dangerous doctrines, and to retain the people in a state of ignorance, than to arrest the pro gress of the doctrines where they have once found admission. Punishment is always ineffi cacious when the people themselves have once been corrupted. The very instruments for carry ing the laws into execution partake of the gene ral sympathy ; and in times of strong excite ment, when the arm of authority ought to be strong, it is often found to be paralysed. There is no medium between liberty and despotism, for the smallest relaxation of despotism leads in sensibly to complete liberty. Still, after all, not withstanding the pathos with which the French Gazeteer describes the pestilence of the West, there may be found persons so obtuse of intellect as to prefer France, England, the Netherlands, and some of the other countries, suffering under Liberalism, to the peaceful regions of Spain, Portugal, Piedmont, Austria, and Po land. Notwithstanding the millions who have fallen victims to Jacobinism, there seems no lack in the Liberal countries of population. It is found, too, that the horrors of Liberalism have not prevented the people, in the intervals during which they are not destroying their Kings and each other, from building houses and bridges, making roads and canals, inventing and improving machinery, and, in short, ad vancing in all the means for adding to the enjoy ments of life. The nations which have obtained a mastery over Liberalism do not seem to possess any other advantage than the uninterrupted re pose thereby produced. And when we speak of repose, it is to be borne in mind that political repOse is not always accompanied by other kinds of repose. If our readers will turn to an excel lent article on Spain, in the ninth number of the Foreign Quarterly Review, they will find some statements with reapect to the amount and de scription of crimes in Spain which are calcu lated to reconcile them to the political agitation ' of France and England, though in both of these countries there have been holy martyrs and revo lutions. " Notwithstanding the defects in these returns," observes the Reviewer, " the view which they give of the state of society in Spain is such as fortunately cannot be matched in any other country, not even in Portugal or Tip perary. That there should, in a population of only 14 miilions, be, in the course of a single year, 1223 murders, and 1,773 attempts at mur der, accompanied by stabbing and wounding, exhibits a ferocity on the part of the people, and an imbecility on the part of government, without a parallel, we shall not say in the history of civilized nations, but even amongst savage hordes. The population of England and Wales differs very little from that of Spain ; and dur ing the bears 1826 and 1827, there were 74 in dividuals, being at the rate of 37 each year, con victed of murder, and of attempts at murder by stabbing, shooting, poisoning, &c. Hence it results that for every single individual convicted of these crimes in this part of the British Em pire, there were eighty-one convicted in Spain." Still, however, the doctrine of the Gazette de France is unquestionably true. And as all Kings must wish to prevent the spread of liberalism at whatever expence, the only effectual plan is to prevent the entrance and circulation of liberal Journals. When the people have once been corrupted, the remedy is too late. Prose tution, even when successful, only creates dissa tisfaction, and adds to the evil. What avail the services even of a Sir James Scarlett, with all his management of Juries, if the Press, BP far from . II I 7 being intimidated, only seems stimulated to fresh audacity ? To prevent is easy ;to repress diffi cult, if not impossible. It is easy to talk of re straining ; but where there is liberty there will be license; and no Attorney-General can draw a line between them which will not be trans gressed.—Morning Chronicle. Among the voluntary alterations (reform we cannot call it) which are talked of in the Church Establishment, is the abolition of the White hall Preachers. These, we believe, consist of twelve Gentlemen from each University, two of whom divide the duties of the Pulpit in White hall Chapel for each month between them. Their remuneration, which is by no means con siderable, comes, we believe, out of the Civil List, which we should be truly happy to see encumbered with no more objectionable burthen than this. The appointment was originally, and has continued to be, one of very obvious utility and propriety—viz., that of drawing Fellows of Colleges from their kind of monkish seclusion into the world, and producing, or at least being intended to produce, a commendable rivalry be tween the two great schools of divinity, on the score of pulpit eloquence. The Chapel itself, which was formerly the resort of the higher ranks of people connected with the Court, is now looked to, we believe, rather as the chapel of the Horse Guards, where the military on duty attend Divine Service. Even if the con gregation be not so select as it used to be, that does not furnish, to our minds at least, any satisfactory reason why the class of Uni versity preachers should be dispensed with. The Home Secretary himself, heretofore the great stay and prop of the Church, as well as the champion of the Universities, resides, in com mon with other distinguished personages, within the precinct of this Chapel ; and these persons can hardly wish, we should think,' to see this school, as it may be called, of divinity eloquence abolished. But, admitting that the Chaplain- General of the Army, who is well paid for doing little, ought to take the duty here, there is no reason why the labours of the Whitehall preachers might not be transferred to Westminster Abbey; and why that great national structure, instead of being converted into a mere show-house, might not have its choir enlarged, and a considerable portion of its useless area converted into a church capable of holding much of the crowds who now, from want of room, are shut out from the public worship of the established religion, and driven into places of dissent. At any rate, the idea of restricting and circumscribing the number of preachers, and their utility, is absurd upon th e face of it ; and we therefore trust that there can be no truth in a report, one consequence of which, of course, would be, that the present possessors of the office would, at least, be paid during their lives for doing no part of those duties which they are both able and willing to perform. The very outrage upon conscience which this would imply ought not to be dreamed of or permitted.— lllOrning Her ald. The expiration of another fleeting month will once again bring the Goverment into contact with the representatives of the people, and sin cerely do we trust that whatever line of conduct the Cabinet may choose to adopt the House of Commons will discharge their duty towards their constituents. In making this avowal, and ex pressing such a desire, we do not, of course, consider the individual representatives of indivi dual electors as any thing but funguses, which it would be better to see destroyed. But there are men honest, independent, and uncompro mising—men whose redeeming qualiti es ma k e us still cerish the hope that all is not for ever lost—men whose integrity almost convinces us that the year 1830 will go far to redeem the infamy and degradation with which its pre decessor has been so justly and so universally branded. To realise such expectations, however— to redeem the character of Great Britain in the eyes of other European nations—to re-establish her prosperity and restore her starving and op pressed peasantry to their former happiness and rank in the scale of humanity—much remains to be done. Not only must the Tories act with vigour and unanimity—not only must the Pro testants rally round the dilapidated fortifications of the Established Church—but the hollow pro mises, the deceitful wiles, the dangerous machi nations of the Whigs and apostates, must con tinue to be watched with the most lynx-eyed penetration. If ever in the history of nations a crisis occurred when it became the duty of every good citizen to repose in armour, jealous of the liberty of his country, that crisis is at hand. The Press is is in jeopardy, and with its destruc tion the liberty of the subject, Magna Charta, the Bill of Rights, and all those bulwarks of freedom which have for so many centuries con stituted the chief boast of Englishmen, will be levelled with the dust, and the glory of the nation departed ! ! Against hope, however, we will indulge in hope. The scourge cannot en dure for ever. And when we know, and for the consolation of England have the happiness of proclaiming, that not only in the Houses of Lords and Commons, but within the very pre cincts of the Court, a decided and determined hostility exists against the proceedings which have characterized the Wellington Administra tion, we hail the omen, and look forward to the re-assembling of Parliament with a strong con. viction that the sense of the nation will not only condemn the measures, but demand the dismissal, of the men to whose obstinacy and incapacity the thousand evils under which the nation groans are solely and entirely to be attributed. Morning Journal. As the Session of Parliament approaches, pamphlets on the various questions which ought, or are likely, to engage its attention, continue to pour in upon us ; and above all, upon the West India question, which, instead of being treated as a matter interesting to the country generally, has through the violence of individuals become at length a party question. This result of the discussions upon it is greatly to be regretted ; first, because the question is one of some diffi culty—and secondly, because party feeling may prevent the public from arriving at those sound conclusions respecting it, which it is both the interest of the country, and of the colonies, to come to. It has never been our opinion that the interests of the colonists were undeserving of consideration, or that the mother country was not more deeply interested in their welfare than the abolitionists would have us to believe ; but on the other hand, we are inclined to maintain that great benefit would accrue to the colonies from the adoption of free, instead of slave, labour. The reasonings of the anti-abolitionists on this subject have always appeared to us to be not only far wide of the fact, but to be founded on untenable grounds. The author of the pamphlet on this subject, entitled 4c 4 z Address to the Members of both Houses of Parliament," which has just bee❑ published by Ridgway, has, for example, concluded from the results of free labour in St. Domingo and Sierra Leone, that, neither the country, the colonies, or the slave, would be benefitted by the ininumission of the slaves in our colonies. " The report of Mr. Mackenzie, the late Consul. General of St. Domingo," says Mr. Macdonneit, was presented to Parliament in the last Session. It contains atiaccount of the commerce, agriculture, and state of society in that island, where a black population, which had once been inured to labour, existed on the most extensive scale. It is well known that the abolitionists always boasted of St. Domingo as realizing their warmest wishes, and as afferding every proof of an enfranchised people rigidly extending industry, acquiring accurate no tions of civil government, and advancing generally in the march of civilization. " Its population, it was affirmed by my Lords Landsdowne and Calthorpe, and by several members of the Commons, had prodigiously increased from 486,000 to 935,000, while in the British colonies, under the withering hardships of slavery, there was a great decrease. " Mr. Mackenzie has stated that the population of St. Domingo amounted to upwards of 500,000 before the revolution, and that, according to the most authentic returns, it has since not only not in creased at all, but decreased to 423,000. " Look, cries Mr. Stephen, to the valuable trade you are renouncing for your infatuated Colonies Millions of your manufactures would be exchanged for the vast produce which a society of free men must raise when animated to exertion by liberty, and tasting uncontrolled the sweets of their own earnings. " The official Report states, that continuous or steady labour is at an end ; that the quantity of sugar manufactured has decreased from 141,089,831 to 2,0201b5.; that the coffee exported is= picked from trees planted antecedent to the revolution ; and that there is a decline of agriculture in all its branches, in articles even of the first necessity, such as Indian corn, which is now largely supplied by the United States. " Others, who had some misgiving of the hyper bolical descriptions of their brother declaimers on the subject of trade, touched another string, and harangued about a flee peasantry choosing their em ployment, and by degrees elevating their condition. " The Report states that the little labour which is performed is obtained by coercion—that a mili tary code prevails, under which mesa are sum moned to work by beat of drum, and punished for non-performance of their allotted tasks after a mili tary fashion. "But the choicest strai►►s of eloquence were re served to depict the moral improvements which had taken place. The debasing influence of slavery was no more. A kindliness of feeling prevailed. Men, no longer humiliated by ill-treatment, became gene rous and humane, mild in their manners, elevated in sentiment. "Mr. Mackenzie has shown that the conduct of the men to the women is brutal; that the discipline of a thick stick is resorted to; that the soldiery live in a state of unrestrained licentiousness; and that, in one word, society in the interior is relapsing into the worst condition of savage life." The reasoning in the above paragraph pro ceeds upon the assumption that the slave popu. lation will never improve, and that its present state iv a criterion by which to judge of it in all time to come ; but no assumption can assuredly be more groundless, The first race, or gene ration,-of slaves may prove licentious, disorderly, and idle, from their inability to appreciate duly the inestimable boon conferred upon them ; but it by no means follows that future genera tions will be chargeable with the same vices. It is, on the contrary, to be presumed, that the slave population will act precisely as men gene rally do under such circumstances ; and that after having enjoyed its day of licence, it will return to those steady habits which are only to be found in perfection where freedom has been a birth• right, and not a boon. We copy the following passage from the pamphlet with much more sa tisfaction : " There are about 800,000 slaves in our West India posses,ions, whose value, together with the amount of fixed capital sunk in the land and build ings, may be estimated at one hundred and fifty millions, yielding an aggregate profit of barely four per cent. Let ten thousand of the best slaves be freed, and that profit will be reduced, probably, to two per cent. ; let ten thousand more be freed, and he Profit will be entirely gone; let any further number be freed, and cultivation must entirely stop, or the cultivator will get involved in debt. The small proprietor will be ruined first, and would claim in demnification for his land and buildings. Proprie tors of large estates, or of that size best calculated to produce the largest comparative returns, would hold out longer; but still, after the numbers stated had been freed, the profit would be absorbed, arid the owners would have to be indemnified both for the land and buildings, and for the unproductive slaves remaining on their hands. " It is in this comprehensive light that the measure should be viewed by the nation, that all may fairly become aware of the enormous sum which they will have to pay, sooner or later, in compensa tion to the planters. It is presumed that the repre sentatives of the people, in the present condition of our finances, will closely examine the actual national cost of manumission by compulsion, before they irre vocably sanction its enactment."—Morn. Advertiser. Notice of trial for libel has, we under stand, been handed to the Standard—two, if not three, notices to the same effect to the Age; and three additional notices to the _Morning Journal ! What the Government can mean—if indeed the Government it at all concerned in the matter—by these prosecutions, we do not know. That the Duke of Wellington could have commanded them we do not believe—for he has no need of defending his character—that Lord Aberdeen should have been a party to them is incredible, for he is well known to be not only a man of literature and science, but of a liberal and forgiving turn of mind—and that Mr. Peel should have any thing to do with [ern is even still more inciedible s i for accord- in g to the present interpretation of the law, no Member of the Cabinet has been so much libelled as he has been, and yet to this moment the At torney-General has not had it in his power to point the finger of scorn at him as desirous of putting down the free expression of opinion through the medium of the Press. That the Government has been grossly misled in the late prosecutions for libel, we believe there is no one who can doubt; and that it will do itselfstill more es sential dis-service by those which are said to have been determined upon, follows as a matter of course. Gross, as perhaps, some of the libels may be, which are about to be prosecuted—but of which we know nothing—we question much whether an independent Jury will be found to convict the responsible parties ; for it is an in variable effect of carrying matters too far---of fol lowing up prosecution by prosecution —t o give to the SUM7IIIIIII jUS the appearance of the summa injuria, and to convert that into sym pathy for the defendant which, with more prudent management, would have been viewed by the public as only the result of just indignation.-- These observations will, in all probability, pro duce no effect where we would wish them to be duly considered ; but we cannot, nevertheless, help expressing our regret that a Government, which appears to entertain honest intentions, should falsify its character so much, by attacking the only power which can ever defend it against slander, or give it reputation and stability with the country.—iforntng Advertiser. INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT, JAN. 1 James Evans, late a miller ansl farmer, at May field, in Staffordshire, was opposed by Mr. HEATH, on behalf of Mr. Daniel Miller. The insolvent stated, in his examination by Mr. HEATH, that his own cousin, Francis Shaw, jun., was his detaining creditor, who h a d arrested him for a debt of 231., which had been owing three years, and he swore that that arrest was a hostile one, and that he had never seen his cousin since he was arrested. Mr. Shaw, sen. (insolvent's uncle, and the detaining creditor's father), had sold some property to the insolvent's father for 1,8501., of which the insolvent had to pay him 2474: he had paid him 1121. by instalments. On the Bth of Oc tober last he signed a paper in favour of his uncle, Mr. Shaw, sen., the purport of which he did not understand, but by virtue of it Mr. Shaw took pos session of all his farming stock, &c., which he sold by auction for 1931. Four days after he signed this paper, Mr. Shaw, jun. arrested the insolvent for the old debt of 231., and he gave bail, and directly afterwards came to London, and rendered to the King's Bench prison. Mr. HEATH here offered to the insolvent to forego any opposition to his discharge, If his uncle would give up the property. The insolvent did not think his uncle would give up the property; he, the uncle, had taken every thing he possessed, and left his wife and family without even a bed to lie upon. His wife and fa mily had been obliged since then to apply to the pa rish for relief. Mr. HEATH submitted, on behalf of the opposing creditor, either that the insolvent's petition ought to be dismissed, or that he should be remanded for a fraudulent making away with his property. The insolvent was remanded. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE. Yesterday the greater part of the day was occu pied in the disposal of applications from paupers fer relief, and in granting orders of removal of the poor from various parishes to which they had impro perly become a burden. As the business proceeded, Mr. Hobler said he trusted that something would be done during the next Session of Parliament to amend, or at least to consolidate, the law of settlement. The expence of litigating questions relating to the settlement of paupers was an enormous addition to the parochial burdens. Some instances had recently been pre sented at that office. An old woman, the purchase of whose life was not worth 10!., would occasion an expenditure of double that sum to two parishes in the legal conflict to get rid of the incumbrance. The law on this subject was like the stuff upon most other matters—a heterogeneous heap—a mass from which nothing definitive could be extracted. To put the shapeless bulk into something like order would do much good, even if but little alterations were made in the existing provisions. The LORD MAYOR said, that every day's expe rience proved that some amendment was much required. It is said that the expenses of litigating the ques tions arising in cases of settlement, amount to two sevenths of the enormous sum paid in this country as poor's rates. Great expense is also incurred by that most superfluous provision, which requires that two Magistrates shall sign each order of removal of paupers. Those signatures are made, as a matter of course; but one, two, and three days are com monly consumed in the attendance of parish officers before two Magistrates can be found to make it con venient to meet each other, for the purpose of making the order complete. In the country, where the Magistrates often reside at considerable distances from each other, the evil is much greater. A pauper named Scott was charged with having committed an assault on a servant of Mr. Lewis, a printer, who is a parish officer. The pauper had gone to the house of the com plainant, and, as a pauper, demanded to ". borrow" some silver for his necessities. The servant told him that his request could not be complied with, upon hearing which he took eut a knife, threatened the servant, and became so riotous that it was con sidered necessary to secure him, to prevent, perhaps, fatal mischief. The pauper was at the time evi dently excited by gin. One of the officers said that the prisoner, who was now but in the prime of life, had formerly been in the service of a respectable tradesman, who was known to his Lordship. He was a man of talents, but he preferred conviviality to toil, and for a long time made his friends and relatives contribute to his occasions in that respect. Of late it was by an in genious system of annoying theta that he succeeded. Prisons had no terrrors for him. It was stated that he was in the habit of calling for drink in public-houses, and of merely returning thanks for it ; and he had the knack of prevailing on l►ndlords to hand him the beverage while he shoved his other hand into his pocket as if for the amount. An officer said that the prisoner had contrived to get a beef-steak in the Compter. The prisoner —Yes, and a very tough one it was, too. I wouldn't recommend the Compter at all for a beef-steak.—( Laughter.) The LORD MAYOR was at a loss what to do with such a fellow. For such a case there was no special mode of treatment such as appeared adapted to it. The workhouse, however, seemed to be the best of the alternatives which presented themselves, and his Lordship, therefore, gave up the custody of the prisoner to the parish-officers, who said they would put him under the best treatment they could provide. The prisoner laughed, and appeared not at all to dispute the eligibility of the arrangement. Bo W-5T It X rr. Yesterday Samuel Bruce, second mate of the George Canning, merchantman, was brought in cus tody before Mr. INIINsuuLL, by Taunton, sen., charged with having seriously assaulted John O'Neil, a tide-waiter belonging to the Custom-house. The defendant denied the charge altogether. Mr. MlNsittm, observed, that the defendant must be remanded until the complainant wad able to at tend :II person. A case was heard in private by Sir R. BIRNIE, in which the eldest son of a Scottish Baronet, who is well known i❑ the city, charged a pretty-looking young womau with a baby in her arms, with ob structing him in the street, and causing a crowd of persons to collect around him. As far as we were sole to ascertain the facts, they appear to be as follows. About a year and a half ago, the gentleman was first smitten with the pretty face and tidy figure of the female, who after a brief siege surrendered at discretion, but not without hearing the usual quan tum of vows of love and promises of everlasting fidelity breathed in her too willing ear by her ena- ' moured swain. They met, and met again, until at last certain disagreeable consequences becoming but too visible, the gentleman for the first time began to reflect upon the affair with becoming seriousness ; and the fear of a parish beadle arid an order of affili ation becoming too strong fOr his now decaying love, he determined to cut the connexion at once rather than run the risk of such unpleasant consequences. Accordingly, he avoided the object of his former at tachment, and gave out a report that he was gone to the continent. After a vain endeavour to find out the residence of her faithless lover, the woman gave him up in despair, and in the usual time was delivered of a female child. This happened about five months ago, nor could she hear the slightest tidings of the father of her infant, although she sought for him in every place where she thought she might find him. Yesterday morning, however, she caught a glimpse of the gentleman in Russell-court, Bow -street, and running up to him, exclaimed " Ah! have I found you at last, you faithless man ?" The gentleman replied that he had no recollection whatever of her, and that she must be mistaken in his person. " Oh, no," exclaimed the girl, " I know you but too well : it is useless to attempt to disguise ocr connexion.— Here is your child, and you must support it," at the same time holding the infant out at arm's length, within a few inches of the gentleman's face. He, however, again declared that the young woman must be mistaken, and was about to tarn away rather quickly, when she seized him by the skirt of his coat, and placing the infant at his feet, exclaimed " There is your bargain, you are bound to support it." This rather singular scene had, by this time, collected several persons to the spot, and the gen tleman, after a fruitless endeavour to bolt, owing to the pertinacity with which the female stuck to his skirts, at last called upon a police constable, and giving her into custody for obstructing him, the party marched off to this office, and the chief Magis trate, hearing that the case involved some delicate circumstances, ordered the parties to attend him in his private room, where the female, we understand, pleaded her cause with such earnestness and effect, that Sir Richard Birnie told the gentleman he had no other choice than to provide for his child, for whose maintenance he was legally responsible. He then discbarged the young woman, having first di rected her as to the course she should pursue to ob. tain an order of affiliation, in case the gentleman should continue to deny that be was the father of her child. The parties then retired. MARYLEBONE. Yesterday morning four very fashionable young men were charged before Mr. HOSKINS with destroy ing game in the Regent's-park. They described themselves to be John Alexander. _ _ 13, Albany-street, gentleman; James Herring, at the Waterloo Hotel, Jermyn-street, gentleman; Edward Griffith, of No. 17, Clifford street, Bond street, gentleman ; and Robert Edwards, of No. 22, Grafton -street, Fitzroy-square, gentleman ; and they had the appearance of military officers. Cornelius Galvin, a police-constable, stated, that when on duty in the Regent's-park, about two o'clock that morning, he saw a person in one of the enclosed plantations opposite Gloucester-gate, with a long pole, which he produced, in his hand, (it seemed to be a rail belonging to one of the fences), and it was Mr. Alexander. Presently the three other defendants made their appearance, and he called the watchman, for thought they were poachers, and considered himself not able to attack so many of them. The watchman and he jumped over the fence, and made them all prisoners, and told them they must go to the watch-house. They said they would not go there, for they had com mitted no offence. The constable told them they could be in the plantation for no other purpose than to steal the game. They said they were larking, and amusing themselves, without thinking of the game, but they refused to say for what purpose Mr. Alexander had the pole, or where he got it. They were taken to the watch-house, and Galvin, the witness, returned to the park, and about five o'clock in the morning he traced their footsteps from the ice upon the pleasure water into a plantation, and there he found a hare, dead, but warm, its lower jaw was broken as if by a blow, and it had bled pro fusely, and he traced their footsteps again from where he found the hare, to where they were taken into custody. John Reeg, a watchman, supported the above statement, and Mr. Hostutiti called upon the de fendants to answer it. They represented that they had been dining with a friend in the neighbour hood, and at night they had got over the park fence, to amuse themselves upon the ice, and they were taking a short cut across the park in their way home, when the constable intercepted them; they had not the slightest intention of poaching, and never saw a hare, and the staff they picked up as they walked along.. if. Bernardo 6oldshed, of No. 97, Albany•street, agent and land-surveyor, stated that the defendants all dined with him on Wednesday, and he went on the ice with them, and he left them there at twelve o'clock. Mr. HOSKINS said, the defendants had by no means given a satisfactory account of their conduct; and they must give bail themselves, each in 501., and two sureties in half that amount, for their ap pearance to answer any indictment which may be preferred against them. They entered into their own recognizances. Mr. Goldshed and Mr. Burghart, of Clifford-street, became their sureties, and the matter being so far adjusted, they lit their cigars and walked away. LAMBETH-STREET. Elizabeth 211‘Namara and Patrick M'Namara, were brought up yesterday before Mr. WALKER. No further evidence was adduced, and the prisoners were remanded till Tuesday, to give time to some gentlemen from the Stamp-office to attend. An Irish woman, who described herself as having three children, one of whom she said was dying in her arms, applied for relief. She said her husband had gone away from her to look for work. M. WALKER would never countenance the ap- plication of women who had husbands, and refused her application, telling her she should bring her husband. QUEEN-SQUARE. Yesterday an elderly man, named John Arnold, one of the most notorious thieves about Westmin ster, was brought up in custody and placed at the bar before Mr. WRITE, charged with breaking into the premises of Lady Elizabeth Whitbread, at Grove-house, Kensington -gore, and stealing a quan tity of fat ducks, apples, pears, &c. The prisoner is well known at the office, and has been transported no less than three times during his life; he has also been convicted and imprisoned several times for petty felonies. John blathers, coachman to Lady Elizabeth Whitbread, stated that her ladyship's premises were discovered to have been broken open during the night. The duck-house, which was close to the laundry, had been broken into, and seven ducks stolen out of eleven : of the four remaining, one of them was killed. They were all safe on the pre ceding night. The lock of the fowl-house was also wrenched off, and a grotto in the garden was broken open, and some shells and figures gone. There were the footsteps of two men to be traced in the garden, one of which corresponded with the pri soner's shoes, the other was a smaller footmark. The ducks wire here produced by the officer, and appeared to be of a peculiar breed, and remarkably large. Mr. WRITE asked Mathers if he could swear the ducks were her ladyship's property ? The witness replied he could, the drake in parti cular, for he had cut his wing a few days ago, and could swear to the cutting. Mr. WHIT% asked the prisoner if h• wished to say anything ?—The prisoner replied be had nothing to say.--lie was frilly committed for trial. HATTON-GARDEN. Yesterday James Powell, an — elderly man, who keeps a marine store-shop on Great Saffron-hill, was brought before the sitting Magistrates, Mr. Serjeant SELLON and Mr. LAING, in custody of Waddington and Duke, the officers, charged with stealing a gold watch and its apppendages, of the value of 30 guineas. The prisoner, when called on for his defence. spoke only a few words irrelevant to the charge. Mr. Mullett, the chief clerk, observed, that in this county, the offence with which the prisoner was charged amounted only to a larceny, and asked the Magistrates if they would commit him to Horsemon ger-lane gaol, as the offence proved to be of a higher magnitude in Surrey. The Magistrates declined to do so, arid the pri soner was committed to Newgate. A young woman, named Lydia Mary Edgerton. was brought up in custody of Thomas Peake, one of the Bow-street patrol, charged on suspicion with stealing a 301. Bank of Englund note, No. 5,844, and dated Oct. 8,182 Q. The prisoner, it appeared, lived as servant with Mr. Joseph Gilbert, of No. 10, Barnsbury-row, Islington, to whom the note belonged. On Saturday last it was missed, and nobody having recourse, be sides the family, to where the said note, together with another for the same amount, and upwards of 20 sovereigns, were deposited, but the p►isoner, she was suspected and taken into custody. She per sisted in denying all knowledge of it, and was re manded for further examination. Payment of the note has been stopped at the Bank. ENGLISH AND SCOTTISH POOR-LAWS. (From the Dundee Advertiser.) When an Englishman or an Irishman tomes to Scotland (poor as Scotland Is, many of both A countries find their way to it), and supports' snit d, himself in any one parish during three consecu tive years, he becomes a parishoner, and ii este -----. l _. titled to all the privileges of a native. Should, rii ... l he subs equent l y b ecome una bl e, F rom whateret -j: cause, to provid e f or hi mse lf, h e gets par i s h re- Her lief, the sa me as any ot h er pauper. ton- et: But, if a Scot sman go to E ng l an d , and labour, there for fifty y ears , spen di ng the prime of his Ni life in the pr o du c ti on o f wea l t h to ot h ers, unless /-1,, he has occu pi e d a h ouse or a f arm of a certain itiorga extent (whi c h f ew o f t h e poor ever reach), the P,, i moment he be comes una bl e , f rom w h atever cause, 11uriiril Eiti.tra to procure for himself the necessaries of life, and This d! even before he becomes burdensome at all, if the i t; volum e parish officers only dread that he may become ;V I burdensome to the parish, the parish cons** and the parish cart are put in requisition, ana k n s. O l k v e n t the poor Scotsman, with his English wife and : ) , iri , children, perhaps, are driven from township to Edited township, until he finds himself on the north of il the Tweed, in a land where he has_ long ago " w ceased to be known, and where, perhaps, neither . ..i his parish nor hi s re l a ti ons can b e f oun d . fire i erav Whether crue lty or i n j ust i ce predominates Li t nen, here, it is hard to say: We cannot help thinking too-atn that it would be difficult to find persons in this • country to do what English squires do in the forcible removal of our poor countrymen. James Bennet was probably born in Scotland, but he knew not the place of his birth, nor ever saw, to his knowledge, the face of' father, mother, or relations. His only recollections on this sub ject are of a poor woman who derived her living from alms, who carried him about with her from .itc.!.. Th county to county i n t h e course o f her peregrine- I"liii.n'll tions. Among oth er places visited by th em was , P ,„ ; 0 ' Dundee, where lie left th e men di cant an d en- in that listed on board a sl oo p o f war . Hi s only known a!+ , l to t connexion with Dund ee arose f rom his haying 14 .” slept for a few ni g ht s i n some wretc h e d lodging.. to house with th e o ld woman . Thi s was 25 years _n or ."" ago. Bennet subsequently went to England, , CONTI and settled, seven years ago, at Darlington, ' where he married a respectable woman in humble Ti i i ` life, and by whom he had a son, now three years TR of age. About a month ago, work became scarce pith him : he asked the overseer of his parish, 1. 1 , e4 not for money, b u t f or wor k ; h e was both will- - ‘„. mr• ing and able to toil for bread. They gave him 11'4' in three days' employment, and paid him for two. .::!: y t e r y They then sei ze d him, lids wife, and hi s child, 13„iiie'. put them on the parish cart, and drove him from nre, the parish to parish, till they landed them in Dun- "'env of dee, although he told them that he was not born °I . the V here, and never had lived here but as above stated. (~i(ii•iili ~ These facts ar e s t a t e d on t h e authority of (I w o:. i , Bennet himself ; b u t we are informed that he has . H enn made affidavit to them ; and there does not seem i"o-atreo to be any cause to doubt the accuracy of the ------ most material parts of his statement. It is cep. • tain that he does not belong to Dundee. Why 1. rif the dispensers of charity at Darlington fixed upon . this as the place of his banishment, rather'than , ~". A any other place i n S co tl an d, i s not easy to divine. ~„o R h.. They could have n o goo d reason to helieisetliat ,, A 1 he would be received and supported in Dundee : • extensivi Their procedure seems to amount to something . S. w like a declaration that persons in Bennet's situp. :: E rt t tion are, with th e i r f am ili es , to b e l eft to starve, if .‘ Th. chance does not throw subsistence in their way. Pen."--• Ey the Had the Kirk-Session of Dundee emulated " Thi the philanthropy of the Darlington folks, they (;• T' would have contented themselv e s with telling ber7t.Epar him to" ask about," that they had nothin g to of ~i _ j`, The P do with him or his family. But they have' . 8. 87 chosen rather to provide for them a comfortable conveyance back to Darlington, this being Ben- the ii W T es j i net's own request ; and, if he be not provided - Sveond f for at the place of his only permanent residence, • Jo. i what is he to do ? Bennet says, farther, that he .I.P.VIS. has a comfortable house at Darlington, the 11 . 11 Jive new! key of which he had only time to hand over to ' • ch i:. I his brother-in-law, when the parish authorities :- " te seised upon him, and bundled him off; With his T II wife and child. • We would recommend this case to the con- : yn sideration of those Members of Parliament who ~,„a: ti l l have recently been labouring to improve the poor-laws. Justice forbids that Scotland should leippe, A ,. be burdened with th e ma i ntenance of the English ""ira-m . poor, whilst E ng l an d w ill not , i n any event, un• ",umber ' dertake the maint enance o f Scottish paupers; w ood ii and humanity r equ i res th a t t h e E ng li s h law ,: mew and should be assimil a t e d t o th a t o f S cot l an d , rather ;,1 1 3 ie Imp than that the h a rd en i ng an d s t on y-h earte d E ng# , Th '") , ,i ';:, fish system should b e i n t ro d uce d h ere. Justice ,` ni gher c exclaims still m o r e l ou dly aga i nst property in they h av; Ireland being left f r e e fr om the bu r d en o f ma i n .. '' and p r i ma tabling the poor I r i s h, w hil st S cot l and can - be'- which ii, compelled to open her purse f or th e i r relief,-and ; , are here I England may either do so or n o t as s h e chooses. : ft : a ta tt "V rt.., interest, The Boston anti-toll committee are proceed• ' tirely ben ing with diligence in the defence of the actions instituted ' The C, by the corporation, and with. every !prospect of eatecees. , MORNII —Stamford News. • P •114i; co Likra r The river below London bridge presented on ! k n b scri Y • bet Thursday at one time a continued sheet of frozen massees of * n. ice and snow completely across the stream. During' the '. i -- p h r i . fr i week one half of the river o ff the Tower has been blocked, offi e , I :, up, and a channel was opened to several vessels by euttin% 4 Order s through to the shore. Thursday morning, however, A . and b y 0 was perceived that those channels were frozen up, and the Att,erit' tender ship was entirely isolated. Boats eould not ap- p, nt proach it, and the ice was too fragile to enter upon. Di N u. 8, N i t this dilemma recourse was had to passing a line from the . , -----______ ship to the shore, according to the plan for saving lives is jSE cases of shipwreck e d v esse l s w h en stran d ed. A Wont ~.. cable rope was str e t c h e d f rom one o f t h e masts to the 11,0,,i;14', Tower wharf, and upon this a box upon rollers was pissed, BEN T L I in which persons and provisions were con ve y e d t o an d f ro ' s e '}{ 46 by another line adjusted to the machine. Several trading 1. TA vessels were cut off from all connection with land until thee ; , the mo st , force of the current broke up the ice on the southern side. . tn ernorate The thaw has, however, commenced, and we have alreadf tom s e felt its influence. Inept and ..! live. price ----- ' L Tit( Al: Compri hidemx rt'lutiot 1 iterate 1 011 M iPt BIRTHS. . .ie On the 29th ult. in I3loomsbury- square , th e l a d y o f ' l'olis of I W. Ward, Esq. AI.P., of a son. ' li ‘). prie ß On the tat inst. in Upper Stamford-street, Airs. Joseph "SO in Vere, of a daughter. t."ling, ar ii At Florence, on the 9th ult, the lady o f T. W . Corea- i r otld t i I try, Esq. of North Cray-place, of a son. tron ag e .. , _ MARRIED. 3. N E On the let inst. at St. Maryleb one , t h e R ev . E. Chap' lIENTS, man, of Hyde-vale, Blackheath, to Joanna, youngest )10's, first daughter of Wan. Sturch, Esq., of York-terrace, Re' l 'anTh. s gent's-park. " Mr, 1 On the 31st ult. at Bathwick, the Rev. J. B. Atkin' Pl Peei a m y eon, of West C owes , Isle of Wight, t o Charlotte, third "ght at daughter of S. D o well, Esq. of B a th. . side •o --Ce At Enfield, Mr. It. J. Savidge, of Fetter-lane, to Miss I‘. p i E. Dean, of Enfield. the Coup 4 DIED. neatly bone On the Ist inst. Mr. R. Chambers, of Gray's-inn-ter " W e race, aged 70. 'lie af the' On the 30th ult, at the Rectory, Hadleigh, Suffolk, the, " r 't th at Rev. Dr. H. Drummond, son o f t h e l ate A rc hbi s h op at )11 Ung f r i er York, and uncle to the Earl of Kinnoul. f s. Co? Lately, at Coi re , A nne , C ountess D owager de Selig, itt ° , 7 You ng I her Blst year. I '' 64 . hol On the 30th ult. at Ware, Herta, J. B. Dickinson, s • The ' Esq., aged 78. " Feet, • ti " in I:0, 1 • IV T '' I ' l Li _ln" ~ nftft b e ; i hnand. PRINTED AND PUBLIYLIED 13Y minwo Yotwa, Al TUX Saar 01/ICE, 111 i, STAAV-6 LONSOilit