The Sun. — London, England, 1854-04-08 00:00:00

THE SUN, LO.NDON, SATURDAY EVENING, APRIL 8, 1854. plans of improvement and reform which they contem- ; plated. But the course of the University has been totally different. (Hear, hear.) When it appeared that the at tention of the peiblic and of Parliament slumbered, the zeal for reform grew slack, and we heard little or no thing of these great intentions. (Hear.) In the year 1853 a plan was adopted very commendable in its way. I think it is not likely to produce such fruits as were ex pected from it, but still is showed a wish to improve at least in one part of that university. At the same time I thought it advisable that the Crown should issue a com mission of inquiry. That commission has produced a vast deal of information, and has shown that although the heb domadal board and the authorities of the colleges were not stirring, yet that there were a great number of men of most active minds, of acc omplished learning, and of very general information, who had occupied themselves with the reform of the university. It was said when the com mission was first issued that the information would be all on one side—that none but one party, who were zealous for reform, would produce their views before the commis sion—and that, of course, Parliament would be imperfectly informed, if not entirely misinformed. However, I trusted that when that information was produced—when many persons came forward with voluntary zeal to give their evi dence—that those who took a different view, and were agaans • t the plans proposed, would find it incumbent on them, in order to obtain the aid of public opinion on their side, to lay before the commissioners the information which they possessed, and the views which they held, I was not disappointed in that expectation, and the hebdoma dal board has given us a re port, and has produce d m ost valuable evidence on the part of those who took a contrary view from the view taken by the commission. We have received information from the tutors' association and other persons connected with the university. By these means we have been put in possession of a g reat deal of informa tion of which Parliament was not before aware, and we have the evidence of enlightened men to which we can refer in our debates, w h o can supply any want of knowledge respecting Oxford which it was said the House of Commons did not possess. I will not at this late hour enter into the various points on which the right hon. gentleman has touched, but I will say this at once—that, although the genera l ou tline of the plan for Cambridge may agree with the general plan of the bill for Oxford, yet I certainly should not think it necessary servilely to copy the provisions of this bill. (Hear, hear.) For instance, Oxford entirely differs from Cambridge with reference to the first point he mentioned—the undergraduates living out of college. We propose the plan of private halls for Oxford—a plan that I believe will tend to the extension of the university in a very safe and gradual manner. The University of Cam bridge has adopted the plan of allowing young men to live in private lodgings with the security of a license from the college, and such other securities as they think proper to take, and as no less than 700 undergraduates are lodged in that manner, it may not be necessary to propose the plan of private halls for Cambridge. This, however, I will say, that if any such plan had been adopted at Cambridge—if the plan of private halls had existed there, and we bad proposed that young men should live in private lodgings, I can conceive the indignation which we should have brought upon ourselves, and we should have been charged with a want of discipline, and with instigating to immorality forsanctioning an untried system. The right hon. gentleman in his denunciation of the plan, has gone very far in his asser tions. He denies not the power, but the moral right of Par liament to interfere w ith cor p o ral() preperty, and deems its app plication as sacred as that of private property. I should have thought there was this great distinction between them— thatdi- where as p r i va t e property is settled on no othe r con times than those of general compliance with the law and those duties which every loyal subject owes to the State, there are attached to corporate property certain implied or express co nditions—(hear, hear)—and the Legislature of a country in whom power is lodged—whether in a despotic state it, is lodged in the monarch—whether in the United States it, is lodged in the Congress —or whether in this country it is lodged in Lords and Commons—l have always thought that the supreme authority has a right to see that the ends of that corporate body are attained. (Hear, hear.) The right hon. gentleman speaks as if we had not acted on this principle. Why, sir, what have we been doing of iate years with regard to the property of the Church? Much of that property, no doubt, was granted for the benefit of a particular bishopric, or chapter, or benefice. But we have said that the great ends of the Church are to be looked to—that the instruction of the people in religion and in the doctrines of the Established Church was the end for which that Church was main tained and that the diversion of property given to Canterbury or Durham, to Yorkshire or Lancashire, would better serve those ends if Parliament would sanction an application of the revenues to other places. This is nothing but acting on the principle on which a State always has the power to act. (Hear, hear.) I was glad to hear from the right hon. gentleman the member for" the University of Cambridge, the admission of the principle that a change might take place when circumstances changed. The admission of that principle would cover a great deal more than this bill pro poses. Gentlemen talk of these institutions—of this pro perty—as being so sacred that Parliament ought not to meddle with it. Now, without going , into the case of particular colleges, let us see what was the general pur pose, and what has been the general use of these colleges. As far as I can see, they were generally intended, and wisely intended, according to the state of society at the time they were founded, in the first place to a form a pro vision for a number of students, generally speaking of poor students, and persons who could not otherwise pay for their education, and who would not be able to provide them selves with sufficient maintenance. They were intended to give general instruction in the University of Oxford, in divinity, moral philosophy, natural philosophy, the canon law, and logic. In the third place, they were intended very often to keep up the performance of religious ser vices, among which masses for the souls of the dead were not uncommon. What do we find with respect to these things ? Is there any of these general conditions which is observed. (Hear ?) So far from their being a number of fellows and students living in the university and devot ing themselves to the study of certain sciences and of books of learning, we find that a great number of the fellows are not resident in the university at all—that they are pursuing other studies—qualifying themselves for profes sions, or employing themselves in other occcnpations Others, again, were engaged, not in studying for the bene fit of their own minds, but as tutors in teaching in the University. With respect to the saying of masses for the dead, that has not only been neglected, but has been pro hibited by Parliament. Indeed, as to the original con ditions imposed by the founder, there is hardly a trace re maining of their actual practice.or existence. I say, then, if there has been that change, and a change made by those of whom the founder was particularly jealous, namely, the recipients of his bequests, surely we have a right to say we will not oblige you to go back to the exact fulfilment of those original conditions ; but you having entirely de parted from those conditions, we, the Parliament, consider ourselves equally at liberty to depart from them also. (Hear.) We are doing this because we believe the general object of the founder was the promotion of religion and sound learning ; and we believe the cause of religion and sound learning will be promoted by such a measure as the one now before the house. With respect to an enabling bill, such as has been referred to by the right honourable gentleman (Mr. Walpole), to give the University and Colleges of Oxford power to reform their own institutions, I sho - ald think such a measure would be inadequate to such a state of things. I should say there had been no general disposition shown to induce us to admit the long delay which would be sure to follow the adoption of any such plan. I canno t , therefore, join in the recommendation of such a measure. While the right hon. gentleman has thus spoken against the bill on the side of its going too far, some hon. gentlemen, especially the hon. member for New castle (Mr. Blackett), have complained that it d oes fulfill all the objects whi c h th e royal commissioners liadniont view. My belief is, that the measure does, in its main pro visions, comply with the obj ec t s w hi c h the commission had in view. I stated last year that these objects were, in the first place, the extension of the University ; in. the next, the alteration and improvement of the governing body ; in the third place the endeavour to apply some of the revenues to the general instruction in the university ; and, in the fourth place, the removal of those restric tions which gave preference to particular studies. Un doubtedly many observations have been addressed to the house in the course of this debate, which are well worthy our consideration ; and, without saying that the clauses of the bill may not be defended as they are, I think the Government is bound to take into consideration all the suggestions of the commission. To any suggestions with the view to the improvement of this bill, come from what quarter they may, the Government will be ready to listen. I consider this is a question of national importance ; and if those who pay any attention to the subject will devote their minds to a calm consideration of the different clauses of the bill, I believe that instead of destroying, as it is said we mean to destroy, the real foundations of the Uni versity of Oxford, or that excellent collegiate instruction which has been hitherto given in that university, NI e shall, on the contrary, superadd to the present worth of that uni versity by a more expanded and extended instruction, in conformity with th e sc i ence of the age; that we shall be able to give to a greater number of persons than at present enjoy it the benefit of that instruction, and that the nation at large will for a long period derive advantage from this improvement of one of its greatest educational institutions. The bill was then read a second time, and ordered to be committed on Tuesday. In reply to Sir J. PABINGTON, Lord J. RUSSELL said he proposed to take the three Bribery Bills first on Monda y, and, in complian ce w ith a s uggestion which had beeninai made on a previous evening, to refer them all to a select committee. The President of the Board of Trade would then proceed with the Railway Bill, and after that the Colonial Clergy Bill would be taken. THEA PRE ROYAL DRURY LANE, Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. Tills EVENING, APRIL 8, Will be performed LEONIE. Principal characters by Mr. Elliot Baler and Mr. Henri Drayton; Misses Lowe and Featherstone. After which, THE FEAST OF THE DRAGON, ani Magical Performances of the Chinese Troupe. To conc'ade with THE BARBER OF CADIZ. • THEATRE ROYAL HAYMARKET. 17nder the management of Mr. nuckstone. THIS EVENING, APRIL 8, To he follovrei by THE HOPE OF THE FAMILY. Character by Messrs. Chippendale, Compton, and Buckstone ; Mrs. Fitawilliam, Miss E. Grey, &c. • - To be followed by the new comic drama, culled R tNELAGIT Churactera by Aessrs. Vaalenhoff, Farren, Buckstone, Tilbury, and Rogers; Miss Reynolds, Mrs. Fitzvrilllain, &e. - - After which, WILLIKIND AND HYS DINAH. Supported by Messrs. Buckstone and Corri ; Miss Louisa Howard, Mrs. Fitzwil liam, and Mrs. Caulfield. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. Under the Management of Mr. Cnar.z.Es Brix. THIS EVENING, APRIL 8, Win be performed THE ICIRRIEIrUNMARRIED. Supported by Messrs. W. Lacy, Ryder, and Cathcart; and Misses Heath and Murray. • To be followed by THE LANCERS; or, The Gentleman's Son. Principal characters by Messrs. Meadows, Ryder, Everett, H. Mellon, and D. Fisher; Mrs. Winstanley, Miss Daly, and Miss C. Leclercq. To conclude with A STORM IN ,41 TEA-CUP. Principal cha. racters by Mr. and Mrs. W. Lacy. THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHT. Proprietor, Mr. B. Webster.—Directress, Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING, APRIL 8, Will be performed TWO LOVES AND A LIFE. Supported by Messrs. C. Selby, Leigh Murray, Benjamin Webster, Keeley, and 0. smith ; Miss Woolgar and Madame Celeste. Followed by THE MOINTACFIE MOVE:WENT. Principal cha• radars by M essrs. 0 . Sm i th. Keeley, and Parselle; Mrs. Keeley ; and Miss Mary. Keeley. To conclude with the Farce of WS FIRST CIIIMPAGNE. ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Wigan. THIS EVENING, Ai.= 8, Will be performed THE WRONG BOX. Supported by Messrs. Alfred Wigan and Robinson ; Miss P. Horton, Miss Wyndham, and Miss E. Turner. To be followed by TO OBLIGE BENSON. Supported by Messrs. Emery, Robson, and Leslie; Mrs. Stirling and Miss Wyndham. To cone nde with the Farce of THE WANDERING MINSTREL. Jem Baggs, Mr. F. Robson. STRAND THEATRE. Sole Lessee Mr. F. W. Allcrott.—Direetress, Miss Rebecca Isaacs. THIS EVENING, Apau, 8, Will be performed THE BEGGAR'S OPERA. To be followed by MORN TO GOOD LUCK. With THE DUMB BELLE. Eliza, Miss R. Isaacs. After which, THE BLUE JACKETS. AWN, 53.; Boxes, 33.; Pit, ls. 6d; Gallery, Cd. ; Private Boxea £1 lls. 6(1., to be had of Mr. Alleroft, 15, New Bond-street. ASTLEY'S E (TROPE'S NATIONAL AMP lIITIIEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. William Cooke. Tlll3 EVENING. APaIL 8, The entertainments will commence with' the chivalric spectacle, THE WOODMAN'S HORSE; or, The False Knight. Followed by an elegant routine of Scenes ha the CIRCLE, introducing KATE COOKE; the Wonder of the World, Miss EMILY COOKE; the Premier Horseman, Mr. ALFRED COOKE; Mr. WILLIAM COOKE on his matchless steed RAVES, and a new Burlesque Equestrian Pari sian Pastoral 13 ALLET—the appointments expressly made in Paris. Concluding with (6th time) an entirely new Farce, DALRYM PLE VERSUS TIT:3R:3. Box-office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W West. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Taps DAY - -nOrllillg 7 min.after 10 Evening 51 min.aft, fo-Moanow---Morning 28 lain . I after 11 Evening 0 min•aft. THE WEATHER.—Sus OPTICS, Aram 8. THERNOMETER, IN THIS SHADE. 66 —highest since noon yesterday. 50 -lowest this morning, and during the night. 66 —this day at noon. BAROMETER, 30 . 26--falling. WIND, S.W.-Light breeze, and fine, sunshiny, summer weather. Tib g AII;31, LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 1854. The immediate object of the; War is obvious. It is the prevention of a great wrong. It arises from the determination of Fran oe and England to prevent Turkey from being molested and despoiled by the Russian AUTOCRAT. That there is reason for this movement on the part of the Western Powers—that there are sufficielot grounds for the interposition of their times for the defence of the SULTAN from the aggressions of his. lawless and colossal neighbour —must be acknowledged, to have become for some time past, and to continue still at this moment, plainly enough attested by the mere presence of the Miamian army within the boundary of the Principalkties. The simple fact of the struggle being all this while not on the banks of the Pruth, but on; those of the Da nube, must be accepted on. the instant, of course, as proof positive of the reality of the CZAR'S aggression upon the S a ',TAN'S dominions. It is for the purpose of putting an end to this aggression, it is with a, view to preclude the wrong-doer from the possil ;May of adventuring at any future period upon th el repetition of his recent proceedings, it is to -the end that the SULTAN may be protected and - that the AUTOCRAT may be punished, that the a's iailant may be re pelled and the assailed defend.cd, that war may be effectually put an end to a c.d peace be satis factorily, and promptly, and pc :rmanently re-estab lished—that the Western Pc or wers have at last boldly entered upon the co ottest as principals, despatching their vast armam( nits northwards and eastwards for the subjugation •of St. Petersburg and the preservation of Constr cntinople. England and France have• acted thus as the principal foes of barbarism, as the arbiters of the destinies of Europe, as the representatives of modern civilisation. Their aim is no longer that of selfish aggrandiseme a it. They adven ture upon the contest, 13. , ot as so often hitherto, for the satisfying or the mere cravings of their national pugnacity...l They draw the sword and unfurl the banner to secure the inno cent weak from being vanqui hed, and to disap point the mighty wrong-doer :at tire very moment when apparently about to ;ratify his rapacious ambition with impunity. . ustria and Prussia hesitate—but England and I France have resolved upon this glorious achievem tnt. They have so resolved upon it, that, in spi !te of the rivalry of centuries, they have establis: teed a perfect accord between their Governments. An alliance of such complete cordiality, that the a trades which opposed each other in deadly strife a I Waterloo, and the navies which grappled in mortal conflict at Tra falgar are at last united in br i )therhood. Blended together, their maritime ar3 naments enter the Euxine under DUNDAS and HAMELIN, and the Baltic under NAPIER and nEscHENEs. Fight . REPRESENTATION OF SOOTR AMPTON.—The writ for c , in side by side, their m i litary forces w ill Southampton election , the Attorney. General having advance upon the comm( n enemy, k in d er vacated his seat in Parliament o n the accepting f the Re cordership of Bristol, arrived at take mentioned , the accordant directions of RAGLAN and St. town yesterday. The election will p lace on Wed- in vin nesday next. It is rumoured that the re-electione , eitherl of the ARNAUD • dication of ti e sacred principles Attorney-General will be opposed, of justice, and no longer, as t I Ley may have done sittart, who has been an unsuccessful eanyaMr. Van- hitherto, from a brutal lust of spoliation. Southampton, or Sir Edward Butler, of Harldfiate for H a mpshire. Both of these gentlemen are Conservat i ves. ed in ßussia may be' All this, as we have said, t . b tat R REDUCTION OF WAGES AT STOCKPORT. —The ln repelled and Turkey protected . ners and manufacturers of Stockport have been -;" - d in considering whether they shall reduce p r o _ In order that the war m: y be satisfactorily gage duction by two or three days per week, or work - full terminated, however, it will I i of be enough that time for the present, taking off the ten per cent, added the • Russian forces should be ( a impelled to retire to the wages of operatives i n May last , and which was claimed on the ground of prosperity. One firm h as from the invaded Principalities . More than this stopped altogether, and two others have gone on thr ee h as become reuisite. The k UTOCRAT must be days per week, but the genera l 90 mee ti ng deprived of master s q agreed, by a majority equal toor 95 per c en t, o f of the ca p ac ity o f di 3 turbine; again in a hor se - power , to g i ve n otice of reverting to th e prices similar manner the inestimal Cie, and for nearly of last May. A week's notice was accordingly forty years the almost unbro Len, tranquillity of given, on Thursday to the hands. and a question arises as to whether they will submit quietly or again j Christendom. The Ottoman Empire must be resort to a strike. 'the difference to the manufacturer secured from its 131 . liability cif being agitated will be about lid . or 2d. per piece of cloth in the fabrics . most largely produced in Stockport, whilst the selling by similar outrages. It must be secured prices of these fabrics are reduced is. to im• 7d. per against this liability on many ides —.against the piece, with great accumulation of stock in add i t i on. The . - attacks from ' Irritating price of 40 inch 66 reed India cloths per piece of 43 rod ards T w h as 1 e 0 1 s t . 4id. in May last, and it sells now for 95. rauding Montenegrins, against :a - ny despicable ou t* weaving is Is. 51d. per piece. They ~I ,A n aht from Greece through ri s fomented by complain also of the increase of other charges. Oil has 6 -CI risen from 7s. 2d. to 9s. 2d. per gallon, and flour is the treachery of the Athenian ( x overnment, above near ly double the price it was in May. They have had all, of coarse, against further a ,g ;gressions on th e the advantage of a reduction in cotton, but it does rot , exceed the differenca of charge for flour and oils. The part of the Russian AUTOCRAT, whether directed operatives are holding meetings and sending deputations European frontiers ( )17 Turkey on the to the employers to induce them to recons i der the i r pro - upon the Posal, Pruth, on the Danube, or on t to Balkan Damn- The other orders of the day were disposed of, and the house adjourned at two o'clock. twins, or upon the Asiatic frontiers in the vicinity of the Caucasus. Mecklenburg. Peculiarly suspicious, above all, have been the rumours which have become rife of late at Berlin—rumours of a convention for shield ing St. Petersburg, at the last hour, from the perils of an united attack by the chief of the Great Powers of Christendom. It behoves us, therefore, to be watchful—especially watchful, remembering that the Earl of ABERDEEN, the ad mired of M. GIIIZOT, the applauded of Louis PHILIPPE, the friend of the Czar NICHOLAS, con tinues, even after the declaration of war against Russia by France and England, at the head of her Britannic MAJESTY'S Government. Now this cannot be effectually accomplished, it is scarcelynecessary to observe, by the mere evacua tion of the Principalities. Speaking plainly, the war cannot possibly be closed with credit to the Western Powers, or with safety to the Ottoman Empire, or with any probability of our having reallysecured the subsequent conservation of the peace of Christen dom—unless much more shall have been first accomplished than could possibly have been con templated by either France or England at the commencement of the recent negotiations. It would not be difficult to intimate the chief of these preliminaries, or rather, as we might call them, these essential conditions for a pacification. The evacuation of Moldo-Wallachia by the Musco vites, is, of course, a thing understood. Besides which, however, the Government of Montenegro must be brought to a strict account---and though it is scarcely necessary to add this after what was said in the House of Commons on Thursday even ing by Lord JOHN RUSSELL—the Same may be re marked in regard to the Athenian Government. Then the Black Sea must be opened. In like manner, in regard to the river Danube, there must be no further restriction in the privileges of its navigation. Moreover, it is probable that all existing treaties between Russia and Turkey will have not to be explained, but to be altogether abandoned. Such, in reference to this war, are among a few of its chief consequences. The Russian AUTOCRAT has now, at least, the consola tion of reflecting that he has to compete no longer with Turkey alone, but with Turkey supported by France and England, and that—defeated—he will have to disgorge most of the territorial rob beries perpetrated by himself and his predecessors, and to behold Russia at the close of the war col lapsing in her dimensions, in illustration of the reality of that memorable " slope to the East" spoken of in 1848 by M. DE LAMARTINE. Germany, with a standing army increased to a total of 400,000 fighting men, would inevitably become to the belligerents, by maintaining a ques tionable neutrality, to say the least of it, an enor mous embarrassment. Nay, Austria alone, with 140,000 men in arms, distributed along her fron tiers, could not but become speedily, after the actual commencement of the war, a source of bewildering difficulty to the contending Govern ments. Wherefore an explanation as to the precise nature of the policy resolved upon by the councils of Berlin and Vienna has come at length to be no tonly desirable, but absolutely and imperatively requisite. The Emperor NAPOLEON 111. is said to have already demanded, through an autographic letter, addressed by his Imperial Majesty to the Emperor FRANCIS JOSEPH, this same most essential explanation. How about England? Has the revelation of the policy to be pursued by the Ger manic Powers been peremptorily demanded in like manner by our own Government ? The question is one of extreme and imminent importance. It should at once be put to her MAJESTY'S Ministers in either or in both the Houses of the British Parliament. THE LATE MARQUIS OF LONDONDERRY. The will of this distinguished and gallant nobleman, which was proved to-day, at Doctors' Commons, con sists of a few lines, giving all his estates, real and per sonal, to his Marchioness, absolutely, and at her entire disposal, appointing her also sole executrix. The will bears an unattested indorsement in his lordship's own handwriting, recapitillating its contents in terms of most affectionate endearment. The personal estate, in the province of Canterbury, has been sworn under 45,0001., which, when added to that within the province of York, which is under 250,0001., and in Ireland under 40,0001., makes an aggregate of personal property left by the de ceased amounting to 335,0001., exclusive of all the vast settled .estates and collieries of the Vane and London derry families in England and. Ireland, in the former of which he is succeeded by Lady 'Londonderry, and in the latter by the present marquis. The Testamentary Jurisdiction Bill last night received a third reading, and passed through the hereditary branch of the Legislature. It had, however, a very narrow . escape. • But seven Noble Lords attended to support one of the most important and useful measures of legal reform on the last stage of its progress—a measure for which the Government justly claimed considerable merit, and had the claim allowed to the fullest extent. It would, indeed, have been xejected, but that the friends and supporters of the abuses that have sprung up during successive generations were as remiss and apathetic as the reformers, so that, when the final division took place, there were but twelve Peers present, of whom seven were " content," and five " not content." Had the result been different, a very unpleasant interrogatory might have been received, to which it would have been difficult to frame an answer altogether re spectful or satisfactory to the Upper House. The Archbishop of CANTERBURY availed himself of the opportunity to express his deep sympathy for the snug family party, who, by the passing of the bill, would be deprived of the lucrative mo nopoly they had so long enjoyed. His Grace feelingly deplored " the grievous loss which they would suffer from its provisions —forgetting that their loss is the gain of the community in general, who have for so long a period been heavily mulcted to support their dignity. No closer cor poration ever existed than the highly -respectable body of Proctors for whom his Grace was the earnest . advocate. Only thirty-four of their number were allowed to take articled clerks, and that privilege was conceded but once in five years, so that not quite seven in the year could enter on the course leading to such high emoluments. It is needless to say, that the fortunate few thus highly favoured .scarcely did more than replace the vacancies in the general body, and in their own numbers that occurred from time to time. The value of the privilege may be judged from the fact, that on the rare occasions, when so good a thing was suffered to , pass from the immediate family or connexions of the persons authorised to sign. articles, 1,0001. was generally demanded, and willingly paid by Ithe neophyte. And as if these difficulties were not sufficient to guard the sacred mysteries from the vulgar gaze, stringent bye-laws were framed, which prevented any person from being articled after he had attained the age of 18 years, or if he had received a salary as a clerk in the office of any proctor. No matter how acute the intellect, profound the learning, and brilliant the genius of the "Pariah," he was for ever excluded if he received even a single shil ling as remuneration for services rendered to any of the initiated. It was perhaps necessary to practise this rigorous exclusion in order to prevent those who had obtained even a distant glimpse of the enormous profits obtainable from straining after the rich prizes. The of iroXXoc , must not be allowed the remotest chance of obtaining admission. " Odi profanum vuigus et cirees" appears to have been the motto of each of the thirty-four ; and though there has been an instance of a little foot-page who succeeded in charming one of the dragons who guarded the golden fruit, the singularity of the exception proves the stringency and generality of the rule. We scarcely think that it was politic on the part of his Grace to take any part in the proceed ings. He must have felt that the Leviathan .Sinecurist was the grandson and nominee of one of his predecessors—that the next person who is to succeed,• is also the grandson of another Most Reverend personage who had achieved the highest position in the Anglican Church, while the re mainder man was his own descendant and nomi nee, that the anticipated profits in the one case were mortgaged to a wealthy Insurance Company, and that the nomination in his own case took place after OXFORD AND CAMBRIDGE BOAT RACE, The aquatic celebrities of Oxford and Cambridge met again this morning on their well-known battle-ground, between Putney and Mortlake ; and the Oxford Men, following up their former triumphs, succeeded in once more vanquishing their rivals. It was almost physically impossible, however, that it could have been otherwise, for the Cambridge crew, though equal, perhaps, in skill and dexterity, were decidedly inferior in weight and strength to their opponents, and there was absolutely nothing in the match, to justify its being called a race. Indeed, long beforehand both sides seemed to view the struggle in the light of a foregone conclusion, and from the very onset tile odds were in favour of Oxford, being, in fact, something like 6 to 4 "on" from the first announcement of the race. The following were the crews selected for the occasion : OXFORD. st. lb. CAMBRIDGE. et. lb. 1 Short, New Col 10 8 1 Galton, Trinity Col. 9 10 2 Hooke, Worcester 10 8 2 Nairne, Emmanual 10 4 3 Pinckney, Exeter 11 8 3 Stephenson, Caius... 10 10 4 Blundell, Christ Ch 11 11 4 Agnew, Trinity 10 13 5 Hooper, Pembroke 11 6 5 Davis, Trinity ll 5 6 Nind, Christ Church 11. 5 6 Johnson, Trinity ll 1 7 Mellish, Exeter 11 7 7 Blake, Corpus Chris. 11 2 King, Peinb., stroke 11 12 Wright, St John's, stroke Marshall, Ex., steerer 10 2 Smith, Caius, steerer.. 9 12 Both crews had been in careful training for some time past, and ad there not been so great a disprop or ti on i n the phy s Tjue of the two sets of men, it is probable the race would have been a very exciting instead of, as it turned out to be, an exceedingly hollow affair. The event drew together a tremendous muster of collegians, and, *hile the Cambridge party occasionally in dulged in faint hopes of success, the Oxonians never doubted the race would end - in ,the result which we shall presently record. The boats were launched a few minutes before eleven o'clock, the Oxford crew taking water first. Their style of pulling was ge nerally admired, but some of the old judges in such matters pronounced it to be inferior to that which they had displayed in former years. The Cambridge crew coming out immediately after the Oxford boat, looked extremely light and slim, and though the few strokes they took on approaching the starting point gave forcible promise for the future, the ascendancy of the other side remained unshaken. Some ten minutes after 11 o'clock, the tide.being then about the flood, the start ing gun was fired, and the two crews dropped their oars, and jumped off together. The Oxford bol,t, however, immediately went ahead, and maintained the lead from end to end. The Cambridge men succeeded in getting up to the stern of their com petitor just before approaching Hammersmith-bridge ; but it was only a brief triumph, for the Oxford men at once made play, and shot beneath the bridge two or three lengths ahead. Rounding the bend of the river beyond Hammersmith-bridge, it became evident that the Cambridge crew had not the shadow of a chance, while a little further on one of their men fainted, and of course the game was all up with them now. Still they manfully struggled on, but they never got near the Oxford boat again ; and, finally, they were beaten with ease, the distance between the conquering and defeated boats being allowed in suffer ance to be taken at between three and four lengths, but there is no doubt whatever that the Oxford crew could have made it ten if they had put their strength to the full stretch. The time occupied in getting over the ground, which is little over four miles, say four miles and a quarter, was some twenty minutes. The winning crew, of course, came in for a few rounds of applause, but the "pluck" which the Cambridge men had manifested throughout the struggle was rewarded at the finish with an enthusiastic burst of cheering, in which the members of both Universities joined. The boats, which were built by Messrs. Searle and Son, of Lambeth, were masterly pieces of workmanship. COURT OF BANKRUPTCY.-(THIS DAY. a, report which had induced his immedi;te prede- cessor, Archbishop Howes, to abstain from ex orcising the valuable privilege. He should also have recollected that all the proctors were his own creatures, admitted by himself to the positions hey occupied, and he should have remained satis- tied with the ample concession made to his pro tegees, without ventilating a question by which they could scarcely be benefitted, and which could only serve to bring the matter more prominently under public notice, and to occasion a general protest against the monopoly, which, by the bill, is to be allowed to the present practitioners for no less than ten years to come. No such consideration has been shown to the (Before Mr. Commissioner Goulburn.) IN RE T, L. ATKINSON. This bankrupt was described as of Queen-street, Cheapside, linen warehouseman, and to-day was ap pointed for consideration of his certificate. The balance-sheet, prepared by Messrs. Robinson and Knowles, Basinghall-street, commencing February, 1850, and ending February, 1853, shows :—Dr. to creditor, 1,1821. ; capital, 1,1211. lls. Bd. ; profits, 5801. Cre ditor : good debts, 461. 3s. 10d. ; property, 2541. ; losses, 256/. ; trade expenses, 1,1771. 18s. id. ; per sonal, 9241. His Honour said the expenses greatly exceeded the profits, but there was one thing in the bankruet's favour, which was, that he began business with a capital. Mr. Lawrance said that the failures arose through the capital being insufficient. His Honour granted an immediate certificate of the' second class. other branches of the legal profession, when their emoluments were materially curtailed by the ine vitable results of other legal reforms. No Right Reverend Prelate breathed forth his heart felt sympathy for the barristers or attorneys who suffered grievous losses by the establishment of County Courts, and .other alterations of legal procedure. Nor was any time given to break their fall, or "to enable them in the interval to form other connexions which would make the shock less felt." No ; they were of the general public, and were deserving of no sympathy. Their numbers were not limited, nor was there a virtual monopoly insured as to the highly-favoured offspring of Mother Church. They fell, without any clerical mourners to lament their fate. But a valuable precedent was esta blished, that will enable legal reformers in the House of Commons to resist, and we hope success fully, the proposed monopoly about to be granted to the present practitioners for ten years from the passing of the Act. THE COAL TRADE.—Several correspondents have lat terly asked the reason for suspending the publication in the official coal list of the number of vessels at market, sold and unsold. In answer to inquiries made in the proper quarter, it is stated that the factors have agreed among themselves to withdraw this information, but on what ground does not very clearly appear. It is un doubted that the quantity of vessels at market indicates in some degree the nature of the general supply, and that, therefore, this intelligence is not only of utility to the trade itself, but more so to the public at large. Every one remembers the high price of fuel a few months ago, and the eagerness displayed to ascertain what ships were coming forward and the probable supply. When the fleet of colliers increased there was greater activity, and ultimately the quotations were brought to a satis factory level, the market having become fully stocked. If the coal factors imagine that by withholding this in-. formation they will be enabled to keep the public unac quainted with the number of arrivals and the proportion of ships sold, they will speedily discover their error, since the intervention of higher authorities must be sought to remedy the evil, if the attempt be persevered in. ORONSTADT.—The following description of Cronstadt, given in a Berlin journal, although incomplete, may not be uninteresting at the present moment :—" ‘ Cron stadt is situated on the island of Ko s li ne , a t th e eastern corner of the Finland Gulf. The island, about 1i Eng lish miles long and proportionately narrow, is close to the mouth of the Neva, and may be regarded as the port of St. Petersburg, whence it is distant about 18 miles (English). The town, which owes its foundation to Peter the Great, contains about 30,000 inhabitants, and is intersected by the Peter and Catherina canals. On the northern side of the island stand the powerful Alexander ramparts, constructed of solid granite blocks and armed with heaviest guns. On the southern flank of this is the harbour, the channel to which is defended by the citadel, erected on a rocky foundation, and on the opposite side by the Kronslot fortress. Properly speaking, there exist three harbours for ships of war within the island, with docks, arsenals, building-yards, and so forth. A fourth smaller harbour for mercantile vessels likewise exists within the defences. The old Menschikoff palace has long been converted into a foundry, arsenal, and school for pilots. The Marine Hospital is arranged for 2,600 patients. In order to diminish dangers that may occur from fire, all wooden constructions have been pulled down, and all super fluous stores removed." Better that Austria and Prussia should openly declare against us, than persist in this odious and affected neutrality. Better almost, we had said, that they should be against us than with us—for in that event tho nations of central Europe would have more secure hope of their social and political regeneration. It is earnestly to be prayed that, nearer home than Vienna and Berlin, there may be neither complicity nor connivance in regard to this dis graceful policy of playing "fast or loose," w hi c h has so long • been persevered in by the German Governments. At any rate, delays and delays have been suspicious. Suspicious, too, have been the results already visible in the Court of Berlin, consequent upon the arrival of that message from the CZAR, conveyed thither by Prins)) Groacin of , LATEST FOREiGN THE WAR. ANOTHER BATTLE ON THE DANUBE. The Morning Chronicle, in an evening edition to-day, published the following telegraphic despatch from its Vienna correspondent : " The.F remden, Blatt announce; under date of Bucharest, 4th April, that a great battle was being fought at Rassdva (about midway between Hirsova and Silistria, in the Dobrutscha). The result was not known. " Mustapha Paella is at the head of 50,000 men." A telegraphic despatch, dated Berlin last night, says the English and French Governments entirely reject the proposals - of the Czar brought by Prince George of. Mecklenburg Strelitz. The negotiations between Austria and Prussia are not yet closed, but Prussia has joined in a pro tocol signed on Monday at Vienna between Eng land, France, and Austria. A despatch from St. Petersburg of the 31st ult. says :—" All discharged soldiers are invited by im perial order to return to active service, and are promised good pay, pensions,• and decorations." Accounts from Bucharest, 31st ultimo, in the Wanderer of Vienna, contain the following : " Since the resumption of warlike operations events have been mentioned which were not before known. It is for instance now stated that, from the 13th to the 23d, engagements took place every day near Oltenitza, at the mouth of the Argis. The Russians had endea voured to throw a raft bridge over the Danube, but the Turkish batteries prevented the operation. Several boats were sunk, and many men perished. On the 3d a sanguinary contest took place between Sistow and Simnitza, which lasted the whole day,, and ended by the retreat of the Russians. The Turks forced the passage of the Danube, and occupied Simnitza, and also effected the passage at the mouth of the Aluta. Ac counts were every moment expected from Krajowa, for it is certain that hostilities had commenced all along the line. The combat of the 23d was resumed on the 24th, but nothing had been heard of the result ; if, how ever, it had been favourable to the Russians, they would not have failed to publish an official bulletin. Fighting was still going on near Isatchka, and Matchin ; the ar• mies of General Luders and other disposable troops were marching on Babadagh. The Russian troops, com manded by General Bukanoff, were before Kustendje. Mustapha Pacha was concentrating his troops at Kra jowa, and advancing against the Russians in three lines on the side of the rampart of Trajan, General Gortscha koff was expected at Kalaradsche." THE BALTIC FLEET. The following is from a Copenhagen letter of April 2 :—" It being publicly known that the British fleet had arrived from Kiel in Kioge Bay, the Danish steamer Cimbria, with 400 passengers on board, went down there on the anniversary of Nelson's bloodiest battle, 53 years ago,—the battle of Copenhagan. The weather was fine, nearly summerlike, with a breeze from the north-west. We left the harbour of Copenhagen at half-past 11 o'clock, and at 1 o'clock we arrived at the station of the fleet. It is anchored two miles off Stevus, in the very bight of Kioge Bay, and is moored in a semicircle upon a sqtare of 1i English miles, the Duke of Wellington in the centre, with Sir Charles Napier's blue flag at the fore, and next to him, on one side, the St. Jean d'Acre (the only one of the ships which has its name written on the stern), then the Royal George, then the Edinburgh, and then, next to the land, a very large threedecker, with a red flag—l believe the Neptune. There are two ships more with red flags, whose names we were not a bl e t o make out. Nineteen vessels lie there in all, in two lines, the smaller paddlewheel steamers ahead, and the larger ships in the second line. We sailed round the fleet, and the Danes cheered each ship, especially the Duke, with repeated hurrahs, which were answered from the fleet with louder cheers, and froth two of them, the St. Jean d'Acre and the Neptune, with music. Evidently we should have been most hospitably received on board the fleet, but the passengers of the Cimbria being so nume rous, the Danes gave a proof of tact and good taste in withstanding their desire to see the interior of the ships, which would inevitably have been a great trouble to the crews, and especially the officers of the fleet. The Danes, therefore, contented them selves with sailing round the fleet, singing the British Natidnal Anthem, and giving vent to their delight and sympathy by repeated cheers and hurrahs to every ship. It was a delightful day and one of the grandest sights I have ever seen, as we lay to by the side of the last ship in the fleet—the Neptune—and looked down along the majestic line and saw the tremendous set of white teeth from 1,000 cannon mouths siniliug al, us as friendly this time as they bit us hard 53 years ago. When we stopped at the " Duke" Sir Charles was most cor-' dially cheered, and the gallant Admiral appeared himself on the stern-gallery, his hat in one hand, and a book in the other, and bowed very civilly to us. We returned to Copenhagen at 6 o'clock in the afternoon, and I am convinced that if the fleet stays here some days longer, these pilgrimages to Kioge Bay will frequently be repeated in spite of the remembrances of 1801 and 1807, which some people here try to refresh and strengthen. The British Government's declaration of the 28th of March as to the treatment of the neutral flags during the present war has greatly and agreeably astonished everybody here, who were not prepared for such a degree of liberality in England's-com mercial policy. Here is all quiet in politics." A. letter of the 3d from Copenhagen says : Last night the capital was frightened from its pro priety by an immense cannonade. This extraor dinary and continued salute at one o'clock alarmed everybody, and all kinds of rumours were spread. It turned out to be a night exercise of the fleet at Kjoge Bay, and is one of the methods adopted by Sir Charles Napier to discipline the men. He has been indefatigable in all sorts of war practice, both on. deck and on the sea, and the crews have in a short time obtained great experience in the ma nagement of their weapons, and in naval tactics. The Russian party here hope some great misfortune will befal our noble fleet, and are praying for a hurricane. CONSTANTINOPLE. -D E PARTURE OF THE FLEET. Yesterday afternoon, says a Constantinople letter of the 25th March, the whole of the combined British and French squadron left their anchorage at Beycos, in the Bosphorus, and entered the Black Sea. The large line-of-battle ships were succes sively towed out, and by 3 o'clock there only re mained in the Bosphorus her Majesty's steam frigate Retribution, Hon. Capt. Drummond, and the French ships Charlemagne and Heron. I learn from a very good source that a great number of hand dark-lanterns have been purchased for the use of the fleet, and a great number of grappling irons have been forging for the last few weeks at a smithy that had been established at Buyukdere. The precise movement of the fleet is not known. Admiral Dundas addressed the officers of his ship before starting, and so did the French admiral. Sebastopol, the coast of Circassia, and Odessa are spoken of. It was a fine day yesterday, and a finer sight could not be witnessed than an immense fleet of British and French three-deckers in move ment towards the mouth of the Black Sea. The first ships started at about 11 o'clock in the fore noon, the rest slowly following—the large sailing vessels in tow of the steamers, on account o f the utter want of a breeze. The Ottoman fleet has re. mained behind, and is at anchor at Buyukdere. The Turkish admirals expressed the wish and de manded the permission to accompany the combined fleets. The British and French admirals, however, refused, knowing well the diffi cu lty o f manag i ng large sailing vessels in the Euxine at this season, and foreseeing that the Turkish ships would only embarrass their operations, as the Ottoman crews all get sick in rough weather, and British and French seamen could not be spared to steer their vessels. The Turkish admirals and officers are greatly hurt at the refusal. An or d er arr i ve d l as t week at Odessa to shorten the term allowed for the expor tation of corn, and to oblige those ships that were already loading to disgorge their cargo. To enforce this measure, soldier s were sen t on b oar d the ships. Some British shipmasters cut their cables and im mediately made a ll sa il. S evera l h a ve arrived here with their ships partly loaded, and Russian guards on board. Eighteen French officers, quar termasters for the army, arrived here by the Tabor. It is und ers t oo d now that 10,000 British troops will be quartered at Constantinople, whilst the great barracks at Scutari are being prepared for 12,000 French soldiers: Yesterday, Colonel Detente, aid-d e -camp to General Prim, returned here from France. General Prim and his staff, with twelve Spanish guards, will pro ceed to Constantinople, simultaneously with the division of the French army, under Prince Na poleon. Colonel Detente is the bearer of two orders of the grand cordon of Isabella, for Mehemet. Ali Pacha, the late Minister of War, and Omer Pacha, the commander-in-chief of the Ottoman forces on the Danube. Queen Isabella has named Tefik Pacha, Moustafa, Pacha, and Ismail Pacha, commanders of the same order. The accounts from the Danube are, for the moment, not of special interest. Omer Pacha, on learning the attempted passage of the Danube near Turtukai by the Russians, proceeded there with the bulk of his army. Another attempt on a large scale is shortly expected. The British and French troops cannot liasten too quickly towards the scene of action, as it is the general belief that the Rus sians will endeavour to strike a blow prior to their arriyal. Mr. Colquhoun, hdr Britannic Majesty's political agent for the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, leaves on Monday next on a mission to Bosnia and Servia. The subjoined is extracted from another corres pondent's letter of the 25th March :—" The last accounts from England and the prospect of ener getic measures being Adopted against the enemy have raised the spirits and the hopes of the English community. Notwithstanding the extreme impro bability that a British force would be content to take upon itself the mere performance of garrison duty, many were inclined to believe that the defence of the Dardanelles and Bosphorus would be committed to the Anglo-Gallic troops, in de ference to the advice of a high authority, and that their active services would be re quired only in the event of a march on Con stantinople. It is felt here that unless we drive the Russians from the provinces we do nothing, and it is further believed that the enemy have not the most remote intention of undertaking a laborious march across a pathless country, over lofty moun tains, with a wide stream behind them, the sea com manded by their opponents, and their most power ful neighbour avowedly pledged to resist such an invasion. 'We are 50 years from Constantinople,' is a saying attributed to a Russian of rank and po litical experience, and the height of folly would be to waste time in preparing for an attack which wil never be made, while the real object of Musco vite ambition is attained in the acquisition of 400 miles of the Danube's banks, with perhaps the Bulgarian territory and strongholds, the passages of the Balkan, and the port of Varna. Besides this, it must be considered that whatever may be the opinions of Western Europe, the spell of Russian invincibility is not broken among the populations of the East. They look to her hitherto invariable success, her skill in escaping from the greatest dangers, and in extracting from defeat advantages which others have failed to gain from the most bril liant exploits, and they augur a similar conclusion to the present struggle. That come what may, Russia will by some means or other gain her ends, is a feeling not confined to the lower classes, or even to the Christian communities. Even among the Turks there are many who look upon their old enemy as the predestined accomplisher of an irre sistible destiny ; who forebode that the Osmanli are again to quit that Europe in which, to use an expression of their own, they are encamped, and that the Caliphate must revert to Damascus or Bagdad. The Moslem has his ancient prophecies on the subject as well as the Muscovite, and the vaticinations of both point in the same direction. This species of fascination can only be broken by a heavy blow, the effect of which shall be great, immediate, and undeniable. As yet the undoubted success of the Turkish arms have been scarcely credited by those subjects of the Sultan whom it is most desirable to influence. The Ottoman has risen immensely in the estimation of Europe ; but no such change has taken place in the public opinion of the Rayahs. Unfortunately this is a country of rumours—false, or with a grain of truth en veloped in vast masses of exaggeration. So.many accounts have reached the capital, and, after re ceiving a record in official columns, have proved to be fables or misrepresentations, that the real achievements of Oltenitia, and Citate have not re ceived their due acknowledgments. Some great and striking success on the part of the allies would produce an effect almost incalculable, whilst hesita tion or timidity can only fix more firmly in the popular mind the feeling that, compared with the Northern Empire, the nations of the West rank only as second-rate Powers." A private letter from Constantinople of the 27th ult., published by th e P a t r i c, ment i ons that the combined squadrons were to anchor at Kavarna, a port of Bulgaria, 25 miles distant from Varna, which is considered as a good point of observation. The report that a Russian naval division, coming from Sebastopol, had lauded men and stores in the Dobrudscha, is without the least foundation. THE WAR IN ASIA. The special correspondent of the Morning Chronicle in Asia writes from Erzeroum. on March 1 : " The Armenian' subjects of the Ottoman empire are as desirous of the suc cess of the Russian arms as are the Greeks. I except, of course, a few enlightened men, who, while they are vexed at heart at the abased posi tion their race occupies in the empire, yet are aware that their condition would not be improved under the despotism of the north. I will also except the numerous bankers and money-lenders of the Arme nian creed, in whose books and ledgers the names of so many pachas figure on the wrong side. These cannot wish for the triumph of the Musco vite, for, in that case, what would become of their debtors ? But the middle and lower ranks of Ar menians are Russian at heart. Their sympathy will avail the cause of the Czar but little, for though they are industrious and well-behaved, at the same time they are the most arrant cowards imaginable. After the late disaster sustained by the Turkish navy at.Sinope, the secret joy experi enced by the Armenians in this city, the ancient capital of their kingdom, was delirious. It was reported that they secretly offered up thanksgiving to the Almighty for the Russian success in their cathedral church. The rumour(perhaps unfounded) of thanksgiving in question soon oozed out, and came to the ears of the Turks, who were not over pleased, as may be understood. The Pacha was soon informed of the occurrence, and sent for the head of the Armenian hierarchy here. This ec clesiastic vowed there was no foundation for the report, and that, if the thanksgiving in question had taken place, it was without his knowledge. The Pacha dismissed him with a few words of warning, and recommended him most strongly to remove the effects of the thanks on the following Sab bath. The few words of significant warning had a potent effect on the mind of his grace ; conse quently, at the first opportunity, the prayers of thanksgiving were officially revoked and cursed, so that the minds of the Turks could be set at ease. I have been unable to ascertain if the thanksgiving did take place or not ; at all events, the denunci ation and curse did. The Armenians and Turks inwardly detest each other,.and from other reasons than those of religion and creed. In former times the poor Armenians suffered greatly from the bar barous cruelty of their masters, the Turks, and their social degradation was extreme ; but during the occupation of Armenia in the last war by the Russians, they took an eclatant revenge, and sorely humiliated the arrogant Mussulman. The Turk has forgiven, but . not forgotten ; and now that the old Russian feud has commenced, the conduct of the Armenians in his hour of defeat haunts him like a spectre. Th e com mon people, the most turbulent of the Turks, now mutter deeply, You are still safe, but beware if the Muscovite gains the day, and soils our land with his tread ; then you, Armenians, at least, shall not be here to triumph over us once more.' I have spoken with several Armenians, and they all expressed great anxiety for their posi tion, and great dread of the conduct of the irregular troops, in case of a total defeat. Let us hope their fears are exaggerated, and that the latter contin gency may be avoided. False reports and silly rumours fill the town, and the good people swallow them with the greatest gravity. The lies can be traced to two parties—the Russian, consisting' of Russian subjects, of which there are 80 or 100 established here, and the old Turkish party. Each one fibs against the other with hearty good will, and I am uncertain to which the palm should be awarded. I fancy the Russian excels with regard to quantity, but for fertility of inven tion it must bow before the Turkish party. It is right the weakness of the Turkish army should be made plain. Last autumn the Turks had on the frontier a numerous army, animated with fiery patriotism and eager for the fray. The province of Georgia stretched out her arms in loving welcome, and Schamyl thundered down from his mountain heights to the very feet of Tiflis. The Russian was unprepared, and in numerical force far the inferior. Prince Woronzoff, a host in himself, was stretched on a bed of sickness. Therefore, every thing conspired to assist the Turkish commanders, and lead them to an easy triumph. How did they avail themselves of their advantages, of their oppor tunity ? By over-running and liberating Georgia ? then concentrating their forces, and, in conjunc tion with Schamyl, storming Tiflis, and driving the Russian invader from the regions of the Cas pian Sea ? No ; but by temporising they gave the enemy time to prepare, and through their imbeci lity or cowardice they sustained defeat after defeat from an inferior force. Of the army that in the autumn was stationed at Kars not 19,000 returned after this disastrous campaign. The remainder had fallen or dispersed. Of the troops that returned, one-half were sick, all discouraged. The disband ment commenced, and shortly not a man would have remained to protect the frontier or oppose the advance of the enemy, when, fortunately, an Eng lishman, with genuine English pluck and energy, arrived, and i n th e f ace of every difficulty inspired the troops with confidence in him, and kept them together. lam not going to repeat again all the exertions General- Guyon has made to alleviate the sufferings of th e army an d b r i ng it back to disci pline. Suffice it to say that he has succeeded, and that llaireddin Paella will adopt measures to place the army, with the large reinforcements shortly ex.. pected, on proper footing to commence operations in the spring. The Turks have profited by their autumn defeats, and will take their -revenge in May. They. will commence the campaign under a goo d c o mman d er , Zarif Paoli% and with European ..,, officers of tried courage and talent. The Worst has happened, and the future is not without its bright, side. Who knows ? Perhap s th e d ar li ng w ish of my heart may be accomplished, and my corresper" deuce be dated from Tiflis." On the sth th e s a me correspon d qnt writes : cc I have received the following news from Georgia; Schamyl is awake, and woe to the Russians • A short time since .300 camels laden with ric e were sent from Erivan to Tiflis, and from thom were sent back to Erivan charged with a,minun li tion. 200 Russian infantry formed the escort. On passing through the Dar-Yol the caravan was attacked by a large force of Schamyl's pee" ple, and carried off. The escort was cut to piece s. From Kars, I have no intelligence of importance' Sickness is unfort una t e l y on t h e i ncrease. The troops are suffering generally from a species of ia; fluenza, accompa nie d w ith severe chest pains. The deaths from typhus have doubled. Thirty to fort fatal cases are daily recor d e d . I n a few days pro vv sious in abundance and money will arrive at Kai' and the sanitary, condition of the troops will properly attended to. The news of Ahmet Pacha i dismissal from the comm an d i n c hi e f was rece ive; with shouts of joy by th e army. Th ey were 11,10 yet aware of the appointme n t o f Z ar if P ac h a as ° successor. The opposition o f Ah me t P as ha -I ' , General Guyon's effective measures had of late r e ' doubled. Straggling parties of 300 or 400 irregT o Tars are passing through Erzer 4 oum on their waY Axdahan. Some regular cavalry are being forme" here, and when organised will count 4,000 sabres' The men will b e p ro t ec t e d b y a species of helm e t in place of th e f ez cap. Th e f ez i s perfectly use less as a prote c ti on f rom e i t h er -wet, heat, or a sa bre cut. The m en woun d e d at Soobattan were mossy, hacked on th e arm, which they had extended ov er their heads as a protection from the Russian e : valry sabres. Th e o ld -fash i oned turban, if l e military-lookin g , was, at least, by far 113 % fg i comfortable, and defied equally the elem e n t and the sabre of an enemy. Zarif Pacha' the new mu c hi r (fi e ld-marshal), left Erzeronl for Kar s on the 2d instant. Th e garr ison u e this town, abo u t 5,000 men, will leave for the sauli place as soon as the weather becomes milder. P . 6 present the cold is most severe. I announced S 0 time since that 25,000 redifs had left Tokat Sivas for ErzerOum and Kars. This force has bee n detained by the snow, but is expected shortly..,4 far as I can calcul a t e , th e spr i ng w il l f i nd at Jvio an 'army of 45,000 re gu l ars . G enera l Guyo.'2., forming some battalions of Rifles on the " V ceunes" system. At present everything looks we't' and money, the " s i new of war," is more abundai_ l 4 A speedy spring will b e mos t we l come, an d 1, enable the troops to ' go i n t o camp an d escape ;0 ravages now caused by typh us . Lately, prat,' were offered up in all th e mosques f or the su ch of England and F rance . E vents will become more interesting every week, and I propose er'w ing without delay for head-quarters." FRANCE. It is rumoured that a conspiracy has been a ir . covered which has ramifications among the serV in the pala?e of the Tuileries. Several entP l4 o have been arrested, b u t as th e most r i gorous silell o has been imposed upon all persons likely to 0 . 0 information on the subject, it is - difficult to 010 details. The following telegraphic despatches were fir ceived on Thursday from Paris : MARSEILLES, sth.—Th e •N apo l eon and Le Suff re° of the line, left Toulon yesterday, carrying 2,400 ono the 27th Regiment of the line, for Constantiol The Napoleon will ca ll at B ought and take on boar detachment of 600 men. The English steamer Cario is inakiug preparatio ns for the rec e pti on o f Lord gqgs i. and the Duk e o f C am b ri d ge. The Tabor br lii B ,li letters from Co ns t ant i nop l e o f the 25th. A '„r"4o convoy of 6,000 Tu r k s l e ft C onstant i nople on the ,ce for Albania. S angu i nary com b ats have taken Poe near Janina, but no exact results were known. eo l citadel of Arta s till h e ld out against the ineilso Greeks. The Thessalonians have occupied the foe of Phanaxia. A d ec l arat i on of 'the blockade °L eG coast was feared in Greece. The last arrival of coal Constantinople was very considerable." The Darien steam-frigate arrived on morning at Cherbour g , from Br es t, t o t a k e on Ztio 600 seamen and 500 marines for the squadron, now arming at Brest. By decree of the Emperor, dated Thursutik series of general regulations for the Grand Egg i tion of agricultu ra l an d M anufacturing produetl, oo o f, and the works o f ar t o f a ll nations, is approve' 0 The Exhibition, it is declared, is to op en o n the of of May of next y ear , an d t o be closed o n the 31° 0 r October. It is t o b e un d er t h e direction and c s i tf veillance of the I m p er i a l C omm i ss i on nominate •jo the decree of the 24th of December, 1853• tie each department a commission nominated 11 Prefect, is to take all measures calculated to P„,,,,0 mote the success o f th e E x hibi t i on, and to the articles to be exhibited ; sub-committees w,) also if necessa r y b e appo i nted. As to fore 4 Governments-- "They are to be invited to establish, for the eb ° ,, ice e; examination, a n d sen di ng of the productions of tmor subjects, commissions, of which the formation a nd % 0 , position sh a ll b e not ifi ed as soon as possible to the ji,g‘ pedal Com m i ss i on, i n order that it may immediately r itself in communication with them." , of The Emperor, on th e repor t o f t h e Minist?tbe Marine, has decreed a new organisation 0 I f it " Institution des Matelots-cannoniers (1 0 0 gunners). Am ongs t ot h er things the decree end that there shall be two preparatory schools, 0 ; l one Ecole d'Application of Naval GunnerY' Ar stf that sailors on leaving them shall receive second, or third class certificates according to capacity. The preparatory schools are to be, e ' t be Wished at Brest and Toulon on board vesselsl u ,. roadsted. Th e d ecree contains a mass of rowne regulations for making the men as perfect as r ta ill Bible in naval gunnery, and declares that 0 .' 31. 0 0 fixed rec ompenses shall be made to experlalbr gunners who may consent to serve in the ns , °./ble , yond the period for which they are legally 1° 0' Prices maintained themselves on our Bourse 16c, terday. Th e Th ree per Cents. closed at 63f* for the end of the month ; and the Four-ani r o Half per C en t s . a t 89f. 90c.; Orleans Railway Sb ri g ,: e o 1,030 f. ; Rouen, 815 f. ; Havre, 410 f. ; Northern, 720 f.; Strasburg, 692 f. 50c.; New S ll3 'o 525 f. ; Paris, to Lyons 782 f. 50c. ; Lyons to , e , the Mediterranean, 652 f. 5 0c. ; Western of Frn , 550 f. ; Bordeaux to Cette, 505 f. ; Great Celit'', l 3l; France, 392 f. 50c. ; L yons to Geneva, 420f.31' of Credit Mobilier, 485 f. L The Moniteur B BE uIgeGIUM. contains the folly declaration "The und ers i d, gned e , Minister of Foreign Affair s siring to ass ure new facilities to the commercial dV maritime relations between Russia and Belglunl'orti clares—Th e R uss i an vessels coining from Russian P - t lie to those of Belgium, may, without losing, f °r • r ec goods they h a d or i ginally on board, the profit of "I",er importation, and with out b eing required to produceoie tificates, tou c h a t any intermediary port, either to iivo orders or to make commercial operations, or f o r I°' and unloadi ng . B russels, 11th March, 1854., "H. DE BROIICIIIO4 The Monite ur B e i ge contains a similar deel ; ara.l e t signed by C ount Chreptowitch, Russian Mini%g aeßrussels, with respect to Bel g i an vessels arrisr' in Russian ports. ITALY. The Parma Gazette, of the Ist, annou n ces - the extraordinary commissioner and aseesseso the mu n i c ip a lity o f th a t c i ty have presented address to th e D uc h ess R egent, in which, aftefh d 0 of pressing their con d o l ence at the untimely cle3"-for her Royal consor t, as well as their admiration 0 the fortitud e w ith wh i ch her Royal Highnessi n the mid s t o f a d omestic calamity of such niolo i. o , tude, turned her attention to the exigencies of of State, they make the most solemn protestation ho loyalty and obedience to the infant Duke, "who just ascended the throne. A letter from Parma, in the Piedmontese Ga 1! states that the policy of the Duchess of Parma P i . t ) mises well, and seems to be in accordance 111 ,i i r the favourable judgment pronounced on that Pio, cess by Chateaubriand when she was still a 04 6 , and repeated by the illustrious author in the A t moires d'O u t re -T om b. Th e Sardinian Ministerto Florence has received orders to proceed to Parin? ooo convey personally to the Du c h ess the expres sl of sympathy and condolence on the p ar t of court which the circumstances call for. SPAIN, r Forty thousand artisans filled the streets of Tki (1 celona on the 13th. Th ey Were unarr aed,4 o o . when summoned t o di sperse they refused. then turned their steps towards the Garcia suP'll s , in order to join their comrades outside the v T bo The gates wer e th en barred by the troops, ''„rse when pelted w ith stones by the mob, had rear to to their arm s . T he result was that several%e l mob were kill ed and wounded, after which - dispersed. THE SHIPPING TRADE OP THE IT K va.vo , m' UNITED Yesterday a return to Parliament obtained bY • eel Ingham, M.P., showed that last year the shipPin' . .,i s il ployed, that entered inwards, numbered 21,628 Br i. he ships, of 5,055,343 tonnage, whilst of foreign ships the number was 21,248, and the tonnage 3,887,763• vessels that cleared outwards there were 21,478 -P r ' er ships, and 23,301 foreign. Tho tonnage of the for m was 5,212,981, and of the latter, 4,234,124. , ro' CANADIAN is just 20 y ears s ince t he P tri , vince of Ca na d a fi rst b orrowed money of this co on The loan was for 20 years, and the time being °Pa t o Saturday last, the Ist of April, 1854, the whole su ns was paid i n f u ll out of the surplus revenues of tile n f t be vince. Thi s f act speaks volumes for the progress of _..~..: