The Sun. — London, England, 1863-08-29 00:00:00

IN FUN, This Week, One Penny, Our Prize Essays—Name of the Winn,r ; Sir Mtthew White Ridley, M.P. The Frankfort Diet—ait Smoke, &c., &C. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE Lessee, Mr. George Vining. Under the Management of Mr. Walter Montgomery. THIS EVENING, Shakespere's Tragedy of RICHARD 111. Richard, Dnke of Gloster, Mr. Walter Montgomery. To be followed by A ROUGH DIAMOND. Commence at 7. I ,V e \ - v THE ATRE-RO ir AL, ADELPHI.- .1.:% Proprietor and Manager. Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, at 7, a new comic drama, entitled THE HEN AND CHICKENS ; or, A Sign of Affection. Messrs. Billington, R. Phillips, Stephenson ; Mrs. Stirling and Miss 14. After which, at a quarter-past 8, the new drama of THE HAUNTED MAN; OR, T E GHOST'S ISARGAIN, in which will be exhibited Professor Pepper's adaptation of the Great Spectral Illusion. Messrs. J. L. Toole, R. Phillips efton C. J. Smith; Mrs. Alfred Mellon and Miss H. Simms: Followed by a new Burlesque, entitled ILL-TREATED if, TROVATORE. ssrs. Toole. P. Bedford, R. Phillips, .Eburne, C. J. Smith, Romer ; the Sisters Nelson, Carry and Sari, and Miss K. Kelly. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE Manager, Mr. W. H. Swanborough. THIS EVENING, HIS FIRST CHAMPAGNE. Mr, Leigh _Murray. Followed by (36th time) THE MOTTO, " I'M ALL THE R.E." Messrs. Honey, Turner, E. Danvers, Collier, Clifton; 31 ., e,sdames Ada Swanborough, F. Josephs, Maria Simpson, Wallace, ana Jenny White. To conclude with TURN HIM OUT. Mr. Turner, Miss Thorne. Commence at 7. rpHE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," 33 Containing. the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, can be had Every Evening of G. R. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. HIGR WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. This DA.7.--Morning, 2h. 2m.—Afternoon, 2h. 25m. To-Honitow.-I` , lorning, 2h. 48m.—Afternoon, 3h. 12m, The Weather—Sun Office, Aug. 29, 1863. THERMOMETER. This morning 'fhis day at Two 0'c10ck........ Barometer- 30 . 02 . Wind—S.; fresh, and fine. • :42 t, - • N' ) ""kki 434,3*, LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 29, 1863. - -0- - The acquittal of the editor of the Marseilles Semaphore by the very liberal and enlightened tribunal of Marseilles is one of those great facts which become landmarks in the path of progress. This decision will constitute, notwithstanding all Government apposition, au indubitable and inevit able precedent in the history of the press in France. The charge brought against the Semaphore was of publishing false news calculated to disturb the peace. A very serious charge, if capable of due substantiation, but the Marseilles authorities exercised a very wise and deliberate discrimination in the matter.. They go so far as to say that they do not consider a Ministerial denial of any piece of intelligence a sufficient proof of the truth or falsity of that intelligence, inasmuch as " such news is likely to be avowed or denied, iii accordance with the political exigencies of the moment and the cul pability of an honourable citizen, whose good faith there are no grounds to suspect cannot be made to depend on those daily fluctuations which policy may ccmmand, but which the tribunals do not accept as a rule of their judgments." Furthermore they declare that the republication of any immaterial rumours cannot come within the definition of" pub lishing false news." It is impossible to " recognise in any such ephemeral and virtually unimportant publication, the offence of publication or reproduc tion of false news, such as it is likely to suppose that an intelligent legislator and protector of public libertiesdesired to reach and to punish." Hence they freely acquit M. BARLATIER, the accused editor of the Semaphore. As HENRY IV., exulted in being the Sov(r,•eiga of a Judge who dared to enforce the laws, an d the father of a Prince who submitted to obey the m, in like manner the Liberals of France may rejedce in having not only some few journalists who dar e venture to assert a spirit of independence, but above all in having some enlightened tribunals before w horn that spirit of independence is not re garded as a crime. It is rumoured that the Gaecernment Prosecutor will attempt to get this decision of the Marseilles Tribunal reversed- We are hardly inclined to believe that the Government will venture upon so impolitic a step. The Marseilles authorities may have brought themselvfs into disfavour in high quarters, but they have earaed golden opinions from all true friends of lineralit:r and the independence of the press—terms which ere indeed synonymous and identical. Far otherwise has it fared with the Courrier de St. Etienne. That unhappy journal has ventured upon Frame crltcal remarks respecting the elections, and the cone: uct of the Mayor—whether correct or un truthful we have no means of becoming informed, as the proceedings of such trials are not allowed to be published in France, but, judging from the result, we should surmise that the charges are not without foundation, on the principle the greater the truth the greater the libel ! The unhappy Courrier de St Etienne is suppressed. Its principal editors, M. ROBIN and M. HYEME, are subjected to heavy fines, and the one is condemned to be imprisoned for fifteen drys, the other for no less than a whole mouth! We will hope, for the sake of French justice, that the libel was really most unfounded and severe, otherwise the French law respecting the Press is likely to receive even greater damage from such a victory as that achieved over the hapless Courtier de St, Etienne than from the yet more remarkable defeat it has sustained in its attack upon the now triumplatot Semaphore of Marseilles. The news bron ght by the Eastern mails is, on the whole, of a satisfe.ctory character. India is peace ful and prospercaul, and the principal subjects under discussion are paints of civil government. The recent change of Ameers in Affghanistan has as yet produced DO disturbance, although the present ruler is said to be bitterly hostile to the English. lie is brother LO AKBAR KHAN, whose name was well known in our old Indian wars, and appears to share his sentiments of animosity towards us. How ever, internal factions and intrigues seem likely to keep his attention centred at home, and rivals near the throne will give hint enough to do in his own dominions, if he is wise, to prevent him from rush ing into certain destruction by provoking a quarrel with us. Of the intentions of Persia nothing is known in Calcutta ; and the Anglo-Indians content theraselve 3 with keeping a watchful c,ye on her wocoedings, expecting to be more fully enlightened before long. with regard to the supposed NANA SAUIB, wliose capture was the most prominent lea- the conviction that we lure of laa month's news, have indeed secured the veritable criminal is in- creasing in Calcutta. Official opinion as to his identity with the prisoner now in detention is, we are told, unanimous. An English aergeant-major, who had often seen the Nana at Meerut before the mutiny, is positive on the matter. It seems, accord ing to the account now given, that his present cap ture is owing to a feeling of revenge. A Brahmin of Bithoor, whose village had been pillaged and bis relatives murdered by the Nana's troops, had vowed revenge, and, with the cunning and vindictiveness peculiar to Eastern minds, he has long been watch ing his opportunity. A year ago he obtained in formation that the object of his search wa s in Nepaul, and set out in the disguise of a religious mendicant to find him. He did not succeed in the attempt, and then pursued his journey in other quarters, gathering fresh tracks, and obtain ing the aid of two detectives from Bom bay. At last, we are told, he came up with his prey at Saloombur, where he won his confidence, passing for a faquir, This is the most singular part of the story, for it seems strange that six years of hiding for his life should not have taught the fugitive more caution than to trust in an acquaintance of an hour. However, if he prove to be the real miscreant whom we have secured we can oely rejoice at his imprudence, that the ends of justice may be at last satisfied, and that the natives may be taught that there are some crimes which English mercy cannot forgive. In matters of internal government India is pro gressing satisfactorily. The hill sides are being rapidly covered with tea plantations, and the estates situated in their cooler and healthier climates are fast passing into English hands. The possession of the plains is likely to be left to the natives, but the more Europeans can settle themselves in the conge nial atmosphere of the hills the better. Thanks to the rapid extension of the railway system through out India, it will soon be no longe r a formidable expedition to reach those pleasant quarters—an expedition only undertaken formerly when health imperatively demanded it, whichand neces sitated complete absence fr om business. H o w m a ny valuable lives might have been spared to us had it been possible to vary the oppressive routine of offi cial work during the ho t months in Calcutta with an occasional trip to the hills without sensible in terference with regular duties! Mr. MAINE, the law member of Council, is preparing a code of civil law, drawn up under the auspices of the commis sion. This gentleman is said to have proved of great service in India by the various improvements he is endeavouring to introduce into the law—a task by no means easy in India, where old cum brous statutes remain to be cleared away, where local practices, traditions, and prejudices require to be taken into account, and where the educated natives are no contemptible critics of the equity or efficacy of our legal administration. The best means of selecting civil servants for the Crown continues to occupy attention. It seems that the majority of the candidates are considered to be deficient in some particulars not to be secured by examination tests and similar precautions. There are, undoubtedly, many difficulties attending this question, and it is an indisputable fact that the men most likely to be useful public servants might not be in the fi:st rank at an examination. Success in competition depends on the possession of certain faculties—a habit of application to close and abstruse study, a retentive memory, and a cool self-possession. But for the great warfare of life, for those sudden crises that are apt to test the resources of an official, especially in a half-civilised country like India, many other things are needed than an accurate knowledge of dates, or an extensive aequaintance with nearly forgotten history. Energy, presence of mind, de cision, tact, resource, are the qualities that England require in her Anglo-Indian servants, together with a large -amount of that common sense and knowledge of human nature by no means inseparable from the proficient scholar or the well read pedant. The mistake has been in trusting too exclusively to mere scholastic examinations, and in making these so severe and comprehensive in their nature that young men of average talent, without any bookworm tendencies, shrink from the inevi table " cramming." Of course a certain amount of proficiency in the Indian dialects must be secured, together with a fair share of useful general know ledge, but it is idle to exact from every third class clerk an amount of abstruse and profitless learning which he will probably never be called upon to exercise, and to submit him to an exami nation which we very much question if some of the greatest men in Anglo-Indian history could have passed. Sir CHARLES TREVELYAN'S sugges tions are open to some objections, but the discus sion to which they will give rise will probably be productive of benefit; and we may hope, after a few more experiments, to reach that happy medium which shall secure us able and energetic gentlemen for our civil service, without, on the one hand, fall ing into the errors of indiscriminate patronage, or, on the other hand, falling into the error of sup• posing that if candidates have certain abstruse questions answered they are therefore qualified to be efficient public servants. Sir RODERICK MURCHISON'S speech at Newcastle is worthy of particular attention. He made special allusion to the vast progress iu discovery that had been made, and especially by Englishmen. Australia had been so rapidly colonised by British subjects that before l o ng she bids fair t o r i val the vast re gions of North America, which were first inhabited by English subjects. He then alluded to the more recent discoverers in Australia, and said that while "the bold expedition of WILLS and --- 11 1JEEE cost those noble fellows their lives, the latest researches ' of their successors stand out as, indeed, m ost eingu larly successful." After alluding to the achievements of M`DONNELL, STUART, WKIN LAY, and others, Sir R.MIIRCHISON went on to remark on the marvel of the rapid rise of colonies in Australia, and re joiced to be able to state that the settlements on the north coast were progressing satisfactorily; this occupation he had been advocating for many years, on political as well as on commercial and colonial grounds. A few years of experience have enlight ened the ignorance that obtained regarding these territories,in which there are desert tracts certainly, bat also fine oases of pasture grounds. "Ashort time only (says Sir R. MURCHISON), I venture to pre dict, will elapse before towns arise at the head of the Gulf of Carpentaria, as well as at the mouth of the Victoria River of the north, whence, as well as from the new settlement of Cape York, Australians will have a dirlet communication with our great Indian empire." Farther on in his remarks the speaker commented on the state of Queensland as being particularly distinguished among its notable compeers. This wonderful colony possesses a sur face which is six times greater than that of the United Kivgdom ; and the Governor, Sir G. BOWEN, observed that its very grazing-grounds are twice as large as the British Isles, and that is saying nothing of large tracts adapted to the growth of cotton. Certainly it is a matter of great mo ment that a state of such magnitude should fare prosperously, and its welfare concerns many. The progress which our Australian colonies proved they had made at the Great International Exhibition was adverted to in forcible terms by Sir jl MURCHISON. He truly said that they exem plified their attainments, not only in wealth and material prosperity, but in all that can dignify a people. We saw exhibited in that great edifice not only the rich natural product s o f go ld a nd si lver, with beautifu l p ic t or ial views; but the excellent maps and catalogues of the Sydney and Melbou rne lib rar i es pr oved that there was scarce l y a branch of industry and knowledge Which was not cultivated i n A ustra li a with a zeal and energy that rivalled that of the mother country. This tribute of praise was well deserved, and it is always satisfactory when distinguished men, like , the speaker here referred to, come forward and TIM SON. LONDON, SATURDAY EVENiNG, AUGUST 29, 1i3(33, give their testimony to the merit of our distant colonists. Sir R. MURCHISON remarked that he regretted to hear some people allude to the time when a separation would take place between Eng land and these colonies. He trusted that Australia might long continue to be a source of strength and wealth to the mother country, an 3 for ages furnish an example that the people, "which lives under a constitutional monarchy enjoys much truer freedom than those that have formed part of any democracy, either ancient or modern," Atter this interesting dissertation on Australia was concluded the talented speaker went on to discourse upon the great geographical wonder of the day—the discovery of the Sources of the N i le. This passage was, of course, particularly interest ing, from the importance of the subject, and the attractive nature of the exciting history of the ex- plorers. The zeal which distinguished Captain SPEKE, and a ffair with a ti peculiarerhnoatsrsed unti l ua rodu es i ett n ohs tupee rgsr eei glorious otsa:mut i times wasit es ss rank w who . his resolute determination to proceed, invest the m o i o f a iud n s earlier d pd ri ffi sizeece him p di u s r c s o n a u m e r d: g ri t h e g m e Sirß.MußcHisoN truly said that in this exploit we have one of the greatest geographical triumphs of all history. " For age after age had rolled on—tra veller after traveller, from the days of the Egyptian priests and of the Roman Emperors, down to modern periods, had endeavoured to ascend the Nile to its sources, and all had failed ! By revers ing the line of research followed by all former tra vellers, and by proceeding from the east coast of Africa, near Zanzibar, to the central, lofty, and flat plateau-land forming in that meridian the water-shed between North and South Africa, these gallant Indian captains reached the true reservoir from whence the Nile flows." He said it was very gratifying to know that the QUEEN had signified her satisfaction that two of her own gallant officers had succeeded in an undertaking in which many a European nation had failed. Some foreign nations had also testified to the merits of these explorers, and some medals which had been placed in his hands to present to the adventurers reminded them that, through the enterprise of her sons, " England has won glory through many a danger at the sources as well as at the month of the Nile." Sir . R. MURCHISON concluded his very interesting speech by referring to the most notable papers that were about to be read at these meetings. It is a great privilege for people to hear such speeches as the one now referred to. Nothing can impart in formation in a more attractive form than to receive it, as it were, from the fountain-head. All the most important topics that are afloat concerning disco veries, explorations, and striking events are briefly but emphatically touched upon. In a country like England, such a compre hensive discourse is peculiarly appropriate, for the largest foreign possessions appertain to our sway, and the most daring feats performed in dis tant lands have been performed by the inhabitants of the British isles. It has been truly observed that " the chart of our colonies is a chart of the world in outline, for we sweep round the globe and touch every shore." Opening of the Canadian Parliament. On the 14th inst. the Canadian Parliament was opened by the Governor-General, who delivered the following address in both the French and English languages : " Hon. Gentlemen of the Legislative Counci " Gentlemen of the Legislative Assembly— " I have called you together at this unusual season because I desired, as soon as was practicable after the dissolution of the last Parliament, to obtain your advice and assistance in reference to the public Lffairs of the province. " Although the period of the year at which you are now assembled is one that renders it difficult for many of you to leave your other avocations, in order to give attention to your Parliamentary duties, I am persuaded that you will cheerfully co operate with me at the present time in considering such proposals as the exigencies of the public ser vice may demand. "Measures of importance, the progress of which in the late Parliament was interrupted by the dis solution, will again be submitted to your notice. "I would specially direct your attention to the existing Militia Law, which requires extensive amendment in order to place this important arm of the public defence in a condition of efficiency. " The large increase which has occurred in the volunteer force, and the offers of service which I continue to receive from new companies, are grati fying proofs of the patriotic zeal which animates the whole community in reference to the subject of public defence. "The interest which has been displayed in the formation of (hill associations, and the manifest de sire of the youth of the country to perfect themselves in the use of arms, are satisfactory evidences that the people of Canada are prepared to submit to any personal sacrifices which can reasonably be de manded of them, in order to enable them, in the most efficient manner, to put forth their strength in defence of their institutions and their homes, should circumstances ever require from them such an ex. hibition of patriotism. " I trust to your wisdom to give a proper direc tion to the excellent spirit by which the people are animated, and to your liberality to supply the means by which practical advantages may be ob tained from it. " A bill for the equitable adjustment of the rela tions between debtor and creditor and to afford relief to insolvent debtors will be laid before you. " Certain alterations in the laws regulating the administration of justice will be submitted for your approbation. " The existing laws affecting the registration of titles to real property in Upper and Lower Canada and concerning patents for inventions, as well as the laws relating to the encouragement of agricul ture will also claim your attention. " Gentlemen of the Legislative Assembly,— " The estimates for the current year for which provision was not made by the late Parliament, together with such additional estimates as may be necessary at the present time, will he laid before you without delay. " The last Session of Parliament having abruptly terminated without the grant of the usual supplies or carrying on the Government, I have been obliged to undertake the responsibility of authorising ad vances out of the public chest to defray certain in dispensable charges. Statements will be submitted to you from which you will perceive that these ad vances have been strictly limited to the unavoidable requirements of the public service, " Under these circumstances I confidently rely upon your readiness to sanction the outlay which has been thus incurred as well as to provide for the necessary expenses of the Government for the cur rent year. " Hon. Gentlemen and Gentlemen, — "I urge upon your early attention the state of the finances of the pi ovinces,and the relation which its expenditure bears to its income and resources. " You will not fail to concur with me in the ex pression of regret that for some years past the pub lic expenditure has exceeded the annual income, and I cannot doubt that you will agree with IDE that the time has arrived when a strenuous effort should bo made to avert the continuance of this de ficiency. "I have received a despatch from the Secretary of State for the Colonies, enclosing copies of a cor respondence between her Majesty's: Government end the agent of the Atlantic and Pacific Transit and Telegraph Company, in reference to a proposal made by that company for the establishment of a telegraphic and postal communication between Lake Superior and Now Westminster, in British Columbia. The importance of such an undertaking to the British North American provinces, both in a com mercial and in a military point of view, in • daces me to commend the subject to your conside ration. Copies of the correspondence shall be laid before you, and I feel assured that, should any pro posal calculated to effect the establishment of such communication on terms advantageously to the pro vince be submitted to you, it will receive encourage ment at your hands. "I cannot refrain from congratulating you at this season of the year upon the prospect which everywhere prevails of an abundant harvest. I sincerely trust that the prosperity with which it appears likely Providence will this year bless the agricultural classes, may produce a corresponding improvement in our commerce and manufactures. " In commending to your careful attention the public affairs of this province, I depend upon your zeal and ability to promote whatever may conduce to the advancement of its future welfare, and I humbly invoke the Divine blessing upon your deli berations, and they may be entered upon in an un selfish and impartial spirit, and may tend to the increase of unanimity, prosperity, and content ment throughout the land. " The members of the Legislative Assembly then withdrew." THE " DRESSOIR."—We moderns have exiled to the kitchen a noble piece of furniture, which formed one of the most conspicuous objects in the salons of the French chateaux. This is the dressoir—a sideboard, rising to some height, with shelves one above another, on which were displayed the gold and silver vessels, costly vases, candlesticks, and other choice ornaments of the owners. The height of these dressoirs was fixed by etiquette. A noble of a certain rank was entitled to use a dressoir of three stages, whilst those of a lower rank were obliged to content them selves with two. Marie de Bourgoyne, as daughter of the Count de Charolias, had five degres to her dressoir; but the queens of France were alone entitled to a similar height. Ladies of rank, on the occasion of the births of their chil dren, ceremoniously kept to their chambers for 15 days; and these they decorated with all the articles " de luxe" at their command. Their dressoirs were covered with bor dered linen, or embroidered velvet ; and upon the various shelves, which receded in breadth till they terminated in a dorsal, they placed vases of crystal, ornamented with gold and precious stones, ewers of gold and silver, bowls, silver candelabra, and sweetmeat boxes (drageoirs) of gold, en rished with precious stones. Persons coming to see madame partook of these sweets, as well as of wine. When the dressoir was so constructed as to admit of its being drawn up to the dining table, or placed in the centre of a chamber, it was called a buffet,—Builder. A MODERN PILGRIMAGE.—On Saturday even ing upwards of 1,600 pilgrims arrived here from Paris, accompanied by their priests; a number of distin guished members of the clergy also came. On Sunday afternoon they joined the five parishes of Boulogne in the grand procession, composed, as on preceding occasions, of banners, reliquaries, groups of fishermen, young girls in white bearing garlands of lowers, but richer and more numerous than on preceding occasions. The ceremony was presided over by Monseigneur Morris, Bishop of Troy, who closed the procession, attired in full canonicals. When it is considered that every class of the popula tion join in these processions, many incurring a con siderable e:epcuse and inconvenience to do so, we cannot help admiring the religious spirit which draws the pious crowd to the shrine of the Virgin. The elegant decorations of the houses in the principal streets of the town, and the orderly demeanour of the crowds which witnessed the cortdge, are not less commendable than the pious ardour of the pil grims themselves. In the evening a banquet was held at Mgr. Haffreingue's, at which all the clergy of the town and the priests who had accompanied the pilgrims were invited. Here Mgr. Morris congratulated his host and the whole assembly on the wonders he had witnessed—on the hand some religious fete in which the whole population had participated.—Boulogne limes. We hear that a young man, who is about to start for the New Zealand diggings, is making arrangements for the transport to that place of about 100 cats. It would appear, by the last accounts from that quarter, that cats are worth from £1 to £5 each.—. Eta. ADELPHI THEATRE. The last novelty produced at this favourite theatre—a. petite-comedie entitled " The Hen and Chickens," bids fair to become a standing attraction for a considerable period ; and we feel a pleasure in making that announcement, because the principal part in it is sustained by one of our most genuine and finished actresses, viz., Mrs. Stirling. We most heartily welcome the lady's return to her profes sional duties, as we possess none amongst the un doubtedly talented actresses on the metropolitan stage who can fill the void which exists in the theatrica world when the name of Mrs. Stirling ceases to appear in the daily " bills of the play." In " The Hen and Chickens" she has to ponrtray the struggles and weakness of an over-ford and doting mother, who, through too much affection, prevails upon her newly-married daughter to accept hall her house as a dwelling-place for her and her hus band, Mr. Caseby. The last-named gentleman at first willingly accepts the offer, and promises, moreover, never to separate permanently mother from daughter. This arrangement, for a fe w months, goes on most satisfactorily, but even tually Mr. Caseby begins to tire of the un ceasing attention the said Mrs. Soft Sawderly lavishes on her daughter, Mrs. Caseby. Scarcely far au hour during the day does the mother allow the husband to enjoy the society of the wife, owing to Mrs. Soft Sawderley's over anxiety to do every thing that is required; and ultimately to rid him self of the killing kindness of his mother-in-law, Caseby rushes from her house, and engages a villa at North Bank, Regent's Park. This coming to the knowledge of Mrs. Soft Sawderley, she at once comes to the Conclusion that it is for some person other than his wife. Caseby humours the notion for a short time, but eventually the whole is ex plained, and Mre. Sawderley is reconciled to the loss of her daughter by finding that her son Tom, a rollicking officer in the Royal Navy, has been left a widower, and also a father. The pride and honour of becoming grandma is so strong that Mrs. the n slightest solicitation, determines 's daught er , an d th e Sawderley,t adopt without her son's o curtain descends amidst univer sa l congratulat i ons. o From the foregoing brief outline of the piece it will at once be seen that abundant opp or t un i ty i s g i ven to Mrs. Stirling for a full display of all her bril liant powers, and we are perfectly at a loss to say whether she excelled most as the affectionate parent, the indignant mother , er the good and loving grandmamma. Each was perfection, and taken a s a whole, we have never seen a more natural display of the ability of this truly great _English a c t ress. Miss Henrietta Simms excellently supported the part of Mrs. Sawderley's daughter, Mrs. Caseby, and Mr. Billington that of the husband, overloaded with kindness, to the life. Mr. Phillips and Mr. Stephenson—th e former as James, a fine specimen of the genus flunkey, and the latter a goodly hus band, who " does as he is told"—act their respective parts with spirit and ability. The drama has been most carefully mounted, and to those who wish for the gratification of witnessing a perfectly acted petite-comedie we recommend a visit to the Adelphi. The "Haunted Man," in which the great " Ghost Effect" is displayed, and the capital bur lesque of " 111-treated I 1 Trovatore," with the ilium table Toole and Paul Bedford, and the fascinating sisters Nelson, still continue highly attractive ; and, although it has been said that London is to a great extent deserted, yet, from the crowded appearance of the Adelphi Theatre,one would imagine that the season was at its height instead of at its close. THE TIMES'SOUTHERN CORRESPONDENT.—It may be of interest to know that the fervid and admirably written letters of the special correspondent of the limes in the Confederate camp are from the pen of Lieutenant Butler, one of the two young Englishmen who, it will be recollected, threw themselves into Silistria, and who ac quitted themselves with such conspicuous valour in the defence of that place against the Russians.--London Coo respondent of the Glasgow Citizen. DRESS AND DISEAS E.—There is no truth more firmly established among medical men than that disease follows fashion as much as bonnets do. When thin shoes prevail, consumption is the prevailing epidemi3 with females in every fashionable commu nity of the country. When low-necked dresses are in the ascendant, sore throat and quinsy are the raging maladies. When " bustles" and " bishops" made their appearance, spinal affections became " the ton." The reign of corsets is denoted by collapsed lungs, dyspepsia, and a general derangement of the digestive organs. Indeed, so intimately are dress and disease connected, that a doctor says all he needs to determine what a majority of the women are dying of, is to have an inventory of th e i r war drobe handed to him.—The Queen. _ RELIGION, according to a noble phrase of Dr. Johnson, should appear to he the Voice of Reason, and Morality the Will of Qod LATEST INTELLIGENCE, (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) --- • THE POLISH QUESTION. PARIS, AUG. 29, The Courrier du Dimanche of to-day gives a sum mary of the Note which has been appended to the despatch sent by M. Drouyn de lhuys to Prince Gortschakoff. M. Drouyn de Lhuys explains the European character of the stipulations which were accepted by Russia, Austria, and Prussia at the Congress of 1915. The French Minister recalls-Ist. That Russia has entered into an engagement to bestow on the Kingdom of Poland a distinct constitutional regime. 2d. That Russia, in making the reserva tion to approximate the Polish institutions to those of Russia, could only allude to the Polish provinces, without the Kingdom of Poland Proper. The Powers have a direct and positive right to claim for Poland a faithful execution of the treaties. The Courrier du Dimanche further believes itself able to state, that on the 19th inst., M. Drouyn de Lhuys addressed a circular to the French agents abroad, stating that the attitude of Russia had strengthened the good understanding between the Powers. It stated also that the Emperor's Govern ment was convinced that the Polish question was an European one, and would continue to watch events in Poland with the solicitude which it will expect to be also manifested by all the other Powers. The Emperor's Government will act in concert with the other Cabinets in the path which will be considered most in conformity with the principles of public law and the exigencies of the situation. THE AUSTRIAN NOTE TO RUSSIA. VIENNA, AUG. 29. The note of Austria to Russia on the Polish ques tion has been published to-day. Austria therein expresses great regret that Russia had not given a more satisfactory reply to the notes of the Great Powers. The note then proceeds to state that the interest of Europe de mands an early fulfilment of the work of conciliation in Poland. Foreign influences, it says, are not the only cause of the insurrection. Poland would be tranquil if Russia had fulfilled the political and religious engagements which she had contracted. The proposed conference of the eight Powers ought certainly to be acceptable to Russia. In conclusion, Prince Gortachakoff is requested to give his most serious attention to the present state of things, for the consequences of which Aus tria declares Russia alone will be responsible. SCHLESWIG HOLSTEIN. FR ANKFORT-ON -MAINE, AUG. 28. The Europa of to-day publishes the declaration made by Denmark on the 27th inst., respecting Schleswig. Denmark states that, though not in a position to withdraw the proclamation of the 30th March, she is ready to take into consideration the proposals of the German Confederation, and to carry out in the uon-Germanic provinces those resolutions of the Federal Diet, compatible with the Sovereign and Legislative p ower of the King. Denmark, in conclusion, states that having re cognised the political autonomy of the Duchies, and declared herself ready to ester into negotations concerning the realisation thereof, she would be compelled to reg ar d a F ederal execut i on as falling under the provisions of International law. TIJRKE Y. CONSTANTINOPLE, AUG. 28, Evening. The Port:: and the Powers have decided upon compelling Prince Conza to aubmit the affair of the Greek Monasteries to arbritration. The Prince offers a subsidy in compensation for the sequestrated property. FRANCE. BOURSE, Aug. 28.—The market has again become dull, but the closing rates of yesterday have been pretty well maintained, Threes, for the Account, being now at 67f. 55c. Railway Share Market quiet, but most of the lines show but little change in quotations. The market improved towards the close, and left off as follows : lt per Cents. 96 70 Do. end month.... Italian Loan 73 25 Do, end month 73 15 New ditto Do, end month 73 Russian .. — Austrian .. B5 50 Spanish Threes. Rome Debt 3 per Cents Do. end month 67 80 Credit Mobilier 1112 50 Do. end month llOB 75 Bank Shares — Credit koneier 1270 Be IL' 'its. Cash. Account. Orleans 1025 .. 1022 75 ~. Northern New ditto - Lyons and Mediterranean 1027 50 .. 1027 50 G eneva .. Southern 715 .. 713 75 Western Eastern .... Sardinian Austrian Lombard North of Spain Saragossa Ditto to Barcelona 427 b 0 . . 426 25 551 25 .. 552 50 550 .. 550 675 .. 680 360 .. 360 NEW STYLE OF COSTUME FOR LADIES AND FOR GENTLEMEN.—Fashionable young men who go by the name of Cacao, last winter, says the Lady's .News paper, commenced a revolution in dress. They made their appearance at a ball given by the Countess Sagan, in black silk coats, knee breeches, and white lace cravats. During the present summer, gentlemen have worn, at their coun try seats, paletots made of either white, buff, or brown foulard, with pockets at the sides; these are called marquis paletots. Now the Louis XIV. costume is generally edopted. This costume resembles closely that worn by a Breton peasant, and is called "knickerbocker." It is com posed of a wide coat et la franvaise, with largo pockets fastened with three buttons ; the corners of the coat are turned back, and the lining is visible; the waiscoat is long, and the trousers are wide, and are fastened at the knee; the stockings are made of fine dark wool, and have clocks at the sides; the shoes have buckles and high heels; the hat is c ompose d o f gr ey felt, and is orna mented with galloon of the same colour. The entire suit is generally made of light cloth, or of some fancy material, many young men wearing light colours—tor example, pearl grey and groseille, duet grey and blue. The coats are occa sionally lined wirh plaid, and the stockings in every case match the lining. At M. de Talleyrand Perigord's country seat, at Valancay, the Duchess of Valet:Nay made the selec tion of blue for those to whom invitations were issued, con sequently all her masculine guests wore blue knickerbockers when visiting at the chateau. It is considered in the best taste to adopt the hostess's colours. The Count de Gunay made his appearance lately in the Breton costume; it was was made of a macron and white chine or speckled cloth. This kind of cloth is especially suited to those gentlemen who, wi s hi ng to appear elegant, do not desire to look remarkable. So, upon the whole, we d i n is a t n in y e P tie re n nc in h t m e einbeairrecaenstxtimouse, w to h i i n en tro h d a u s c f e e a r little i t n a f s e t r e t a h n a d t so long a period been devoid of beauty—but the ladies appear to be pursuing another course, and, by eccentrici ties of all sorts, to retrograde instead of to progress in taste. At Dieppe and at Baden, and in the parks of the most beau tiful country seats in F rance , p r etty women are t o b e s een in short petticoats, a cap on their head, a marquis paletot, cut exactly as a man's paletot, and with a cane in their hands. They present all the appearance of collegians dur ing the long vocation. The Empress was the first lady who carried a cane in her hands, instead of a parasol, a practice which soon found many imitators ; but we do not belie ve that any one has as yet seen her Majesty with a cap on her need. Mde. de Metternich and Mde. de Persigny were the first ladies who set that eccentric fashion, and, of course they have found many to follow their example. BARRISTERS AND ATTORNEYS. —During the last quarter of a century the members of the Bar have more than trebled, whereas those of the attorneys have actually decreased! While in 1835 there were 1 , 300 batrinters to 10,436 attorneys and s o li c it ors , in 1863 there are 4,360 bar risters to 10,418 a tt orneys an d so li c itors. BE BERIOT.— The husband of Malibran, the ex quisite violinist, Be r i ot, di st i ngu i s hed by the breadth an d beauty of his tones, is now blind at Brussels; but ho has given to his country a successor worthy of him in his pupil yieuxtemps.—From Fraoer's Napaane for September. LAUNCH OF THE WOLVERINE. Another important addition to the navy was made to-day at Woolwich dockyard, by the launch of the screw steam -corvette Wolverine, of 21 guns, and 1,700 tons burthen. A booth was erected ❑ear the bow of the vessel, and every accommoda tion made for visitors, who were admitted to the dockyard without restriction after one o'clock. The launch took place precisely at two o'clock, under the direction of Mr. Turner, master ship wright at Woolwich, and the ceremony of christen ing the vessel was performed by Miss Turner, the eldest daughter of that officer. The Wolverine was laid down at this yard in April, 1859, and when in a forward state her com pletion was suspended, in accordance with the Ad• miralty order to discontinue the building of timber vessels, but on a recent visit and inspection, their lordships directed that the work should be recom menced, and the ship got ready for commission. She is of the same class and size as the ill-fated Orpheus, and has been constructed, with many improvements, under the superintendence of Mr. Turner, master shipwright, who is at present direct ing the completion of the iron-clad man-of-war frigate Caledonia. She is in every respect a fine specimen of modern naval architecture, and well calculated for speed. The following are her exact dimensions : Ft. In. Length between the perpendiculars 225 0 Do. for tonnage Breadth extreme 4O 8 Do. moulded 39 8 Depth in hold 24 21 Burthen in tons (old measurement), 1,700 46-94 Immediately after the launch the Wolverine was removed into dock to be fitted with her screw ma chinery, which has been manufactured by Messrs. Maudelay, Soo, and Field. STATE OF TRADE. MANCHESTER, Aug. 28.—We have had a very firm market for yarns, many persons asking higher prices, though the advance to some extent checks business. Still there has been business done at the advance. At the rates of Tuesday and Wednesday, or even of yesterday, a largo business could have been done. In cop yarns for the home trade, as well as in spinnings for export, the extreme prices spinners are asking check business. There has been a continuous improved tendency in prices durieg the whole week, and manufacturers using these yarns having supplied themselves pretty freely for a fortnight past, and feeling that their imme diate wants are now to some extent provided for, are rather disposed to hold back for a time, rather than follow the advance any further. For India 40's cop yarn there is a good inquiry, but most of the spinners of them are under order, and are not in a position to seal. In the cloth market prices continue to harden, and the advance is in some in stances so great as almost to stop business, While the advance causes the buyers to pause, and neces sarily limits business, there seems to be a good inquiry, leading to the impression that the demand has not yet been fully supplied. The question seems to be one of price, but where purchases have been made they have mostly had to be made at the full prices asked, which are an advance on Tuesday's rates. The demand is principally in goods for India, and manufacturers seem to feel they are sure of getting their own terms by waiting. After the large contracts many of them have already obtained they do not appear over-anxious to take addi tional ones, except on better terms, though the constantly-increasing costlof cotton renders thi; very difficult. There are private telegrams to. nand this afternoon from Calcutta to the Bth of August, which report that there was more doing for heavy cloths for up-country, at previous prices. There are also advices from Bombay of the same date, re porting that market very quiet, and 71b. gray skirtings 3d. per piece lower than they were a fort night previously. Cotton was unchanged, being quoted 4.80 rupees for Dhollera and 4.60 for Compta. The Calcutta report is considered better, as more business was doing for consumption, at previous prices; and with respect to Bombay it may be remarked that the best season had not yet com menced at the date of advices. LEEDS, 28th—The report of the Leeds Chamber of Commerce for the month of August is as fol lows :—" The improvement reported (in the woollen trade) last month has been continued, and bath merchants and manufacturers have had a fair healthy demand for most kinds of woollen goods. In addition to a brisk demand for fancy woollens for wicter consumption, plain cloths have been much inquired for, and the hopes held out in spring of a revival of this old branch of the Leeds woollen trade will apparently b 3 realised. The manufac- turers are well employed, and many still working overtime. The favourable harvest prospects have imparted considerable animation to the trade in all its branches. The London wool sales closed on the 21st inst. with great firmness. About 100,000 bales of colonial wool passed the hammer, of which the largest part was taken by the home trade. Foreign buyers were, however, large purchasers, to the extent probably of near 40,000 bales. There has been a brisk demand for English combing wools at full rates, and prices are very firm. The demand for flax of most de scriptions has been less than in the previous month. Prices are without much change, but firm, The ne w crop in France, Belgium, and Holland is very good, and has been secured in good condition. The crop in England will also prove good. In Ireland a much increased breadth was sown, and the pro duce will be very large. At the high prices which flax now brings, its cultivation must be profitable in comparison with corn; and there is every pros pect of flax Laing dear for some time to come, unless a much larger supply of cotton should be obtained than is now expected. Hemps are very firm. The yarn trade is duller, prices remain without much change. Threads are as before. The demand for merchants' iron is good, and the makers are work ing overtime. The engineer tool trade has further improved, and may be said to be in a good state. Locomotive and railway plant makers remain as before, and have large orders on hand. The cut nail trade also continues brisk. There has been little change in the leather market. The inquiry for butts and bends has been limited. Stocks have con sequently increased, and the prices are somewhat easier. In light leathers a fair business has been done, particularly in calf skins and shaved hides, the supplies of which have been unequal to the de mand. Prices are firm. Bearing upon the seed crushing and oil trades, we have to note that the harvest for rape seed is over. The quantity and con dition are satisfactory, and prices higher. The quan- tity of linseed from the Baltic :ports is not so large as usual, and prices are ruling very high. Rape oil is in large demand, and prices are very firm, with an upward tendency, an advance having already taken place in the foreign markets. Linseed oil is in fair demand for the season. Rates are rather easier. Cakes are very firm, and in good demand for forward contracts. Olive oils are dearer, the consumption is large, and prices on the other side are very high, with reports of small crops for next season. The paper trade still continues in a quiet state. Materials continue very scarce. The shoe trade is, as usual at this season, quieter. A fair business is, however, doing. The supply of cattle during the last month has not been large, and the demand has been about equal-to it. Number shown —cattle, 1,482 ; sheep, 12,852. There has been a fair business done in wheat at a considerable reduc tion in price. Barley nominal. Oats and beans without much change. There is still a great breadth of corn in this neighbourhood." CARDIFF, Aug. 28.—The arrivals continue good, but, in consequence of a strong easterly wind, vessels cannot proceed down Channel, and Penarth Roads are quite full. The demand for coal is very brisk, and also for iron. although the recent rise has caused a slight decrease. Freights show a higher rate. ALFIERI AND ByaoN.- - There is a Venetian still living (we are told) who recollects Alfieri, whom he saw once giving himself great airs in the salon of the Countess of Albany; and Byron, who, he says, was sometimes very haughty, sometimes very familiar, but always shy, and whom he met every night during the car nival, which produced •` Beppo." _ kr , ,- ~ 0.4 Lip CiUllrit _ IsE eirmlar HER MAJESTY. The Queen in Germany. The Crown Prince and Crown Princess of Prussia and Prince Alfred took leave of her Majesty at Rosenau on Tuesday last, and shortly afterwards left Coburg by special train for Eisenach, on their way to Potsdam. Their Royal Highnesses, accom panied by the Prince of Leiningen, arrived at the latter place on Wednesday morning. Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse are expected to arrive at Potsdam on a visit in about a week. Foreign Courts. BRUSSELS, Aug. 27. The King of the Belgians, accompanied by the Duke and Duchess of Brabant, visited Bruges a few days since, to witness a grand military festival organised by a regiment of lancers quartered in the city. The royal family met with a most enthu siastic reception on arriving at the place where the sports were held, and also on their return to Ostend. The King appeared to be in good health. On Wednesday last, the anniversary of the death of King Louis Philippe, the Belgian royal family were present at a mass commemorative of the de ceased monarch. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge is not expected to return from Germany until the second week in the ensuing month. Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cam bridge and the Princess Mary will leave Rumpenheim towards the close of next month or early in October. In the succeeding month the Royal duchess will go to Brighton to pass a few weeks. The Princess of Servia has left Paris for Venice. His Excellency the Portuguese Minister has just left town for the Contine.-.2 , on leave of absence. The Chevalier d'Oliveira remains in London as chary d'Affaires. Frances Anne, Marchioness of Londonderry, was prevented receiving company at Wynyard last week, owing to a severo indisposition, which has now abated. The Marquis and Marchioness of Ailesbury have been entertaining a select party at Jerveaux Abbey, their seat in Yorkshire. The Marquis and Marchioness of Waterford in tend to leave Homburg at the end of next month on their re turned home. The Earl and Countess de Grey leave town to day for Studley -park, near Ripon, for a few weeks. The Earl and Countess of Clarendon and the Ladies Villiers are expected to return home towards the end of the following month from Germany, The Earl of Annesley has arrived at Weisbaden, whither he has proceeded for the benefit of his health. The Right Hon. Sir George Grey has arrived at his seat, Fallodon, Northumberland, from Scotland. Vice-Admiral the Hon. Sir Frederick and Lady Grey have joined the party visiting the Right Hon. Edward Ellice, M.P.. Mr. Ellice, M.P., and Mrs. Ellice, at Glen quoich, Invergarry, N.B. The Right Hon. Sir Robert Peel, Bart., MX..., is daily expected in town from Geneva. Lady Emily Peel is enjoying greatly improved health this year, and will in all probability remain at their villa until th© close of the autumn. Sir William Codrington has returned to Dod ington from Filey. Lieutenant -General and Mrs. Beckwith have left Brown's Hotels Dover-street, for Silksworth House, Sun derland. IMEMORY WOODFALL, THE FATHER OF MODERN REPORTING.—It was his practice to go down early to the House of Commons, and secure for himself a favourite corner in the front row of the strangers' gallery. There he sat the long night through, never budging from his place, solacing himself, as he grew faint, with the in digestible but portable dainty of a hard-boiled egg, and with his eyes and his attention fixed upon the various speakers, but without taking a single note : the appearance of a notebook or pencil would have led to immediate expulsion by the sergeant-at-arms or his messengers. He would absorb, as it were, the whole scene passing before him, and would reproduce it on paper, to the extent of several columns, in time for the publication of the following evening. In this way he gave a character to the Chronicle, which raised it far above all its contemporaries. Other papers, of course, followed in his wake ; literary men, blessed with good memories, became in great demand, and were liberally paid —as literary pay went in those days —to devote their nights to the gallery of Parliament, and their days to writing out as much of what had passed there as they could recollect ; but, so long as he had to encounter only single reporters, Woodfall out-distanced them all. Some of them might be equal to him in one part of the work, others in another; one man might remember as much, another might express it as elegantly ; and a third might re produce it with as much despatch; but Woodfall had the union of all three, to an extent which none of them could match. In that feature which was most apparent to the reader, and in which they were most interested, some of his con temporaries were woefully behind him. It was no uncom mon thing for some of them to be seven days in arrear with their parliamentary debates. As the memory of each un written day's proceedings grew dim with the fresh overlaid stratum of the subsequent debates, it may be imagined that, when they did at last appear, it was in a vapid and colour less form. Woodfall, on the contrary, was always methodi cal, and always punctual ; the debates were never delayed beyond the following evening, so that members going down to the house might purchase on the way the report of what they said on the evening before. The very perfection to which he had carried his system led to its downfall. Ho could not be beaten by individual skill, he might be over powered by numbers. ' If ho did the work of six men, the obvious resource of a rival was to engage six men to do the work, and this way was not long in being struck out. From London Editors, in London Society for September. INVENTION OF MILLS.—The earliest mills were hand-mills. [Think of that, Bob Travers !] In Egypt, in Arabia, in Palestine, and even in Greece, it was the young girls who turned them. There is still shown at Mecca, in a beautiful house which passes for having been that of Khadidje, a cavity, where, according to tradition, Fatime, surnamed the Splendid, the daughter of Mahomet and the wife of Ali, turned her mills. The wives of the Arab scheiks still at the present day pursue this painful occupation. Under the reign of the son of Clovis, Saint Radegonde, Queen of France, herself ground all the sour which she made use of during Lent. The invention of water-mills is ascribed to Mithridates. A certain fact is that, at least, they existed in his time. Among other proofs, some charming verses of Antipator of Thessalonica are quoted : —" Ye who have hitherto been employed to grind our grain, let your hands henceforth repose. Sleep, 0 woman, undis turbed. It is no longer for you that the birds announce the coming of the dawn. Ceres has c)mmanded the Naiads to perform your labours. They obey, and swiftly turn a wheel which rapidly moves the heavy millstones." The Romans did not give water-mills all the perfection of which they were capable till Constantine had abolished slavery.— ihe Court Chronicle. RICHARDSON, THE GREAT NOVELlST.—Richard son has had, and still retains, an extraordinary influence over the imaginative literature of France. He never loses sight of the conduct of history, and, though inferior to Smollet and Fielding in his delicacy of treat ment, we recognise a fine order of art. The conceptions of character in Lovelace, Clarissa, Clementine, are founded in the preference of generals to particulars; that is, they are enduring types of great su bdivisions in the hum an f amily, wholly irr es p ec ti ve o f mutations in scene and manners. The knowledge of the world manifested in the creation and completion of such characters is subtler and deeper than Smollett or even Fielding exhibits in his lusty heron and buxom heroines. Despite the weary tedi ousness of Richard son's style, the beauties w hich relieve it are of a kind that bear translation or paraphrase into foreign languages with a facility which is, perhaps, the surest test of the inherent substance and cosmopolitan spirit of imaginative writings. The wit and .hardihood of Lovelace, the simplicity and n if "Blackwood" kd e e m us, : g n i dn t Clementine, every orr fi y n c d i v a utterance h neg e ru l z o a f gy t e y ;to p an a nsdsin i passion Sep tember. THE HOP CROPS IN KENT AND SUSSEX.—The proverbial precariousness of the hop crop has been fully exemplified in the hop-growing districts of Kent and Sussex during the present season. Only a few weeks ag) the prospects of anything like a good crop were any thing but bright, and in many of the plantations it was expected that the crop would be a complete failure. About three weeks ago, however, an unexpected- change for the better took place, and the seasonable rains of the last few days have come most opportunely to the rescue of the plant. These showers have proved of the greatest benefit, having almost completely cleared the plant of the vermin with which it was previously infested,and in many gardens the bine, thus invigorated, has taken quite a fresh start, and thrown out a considerable quantity of burr on the lateral shoots, which is now rapidly coming into hops. The high wind of Thurs day has blown the plant about a good deal in some plan tations, but the damage thus occasioned is guile inconsi derable. The warm sunshine by which the recent rains have been succeeded will prove highly favourable to the development of the hops ; and should it continue, the hop planters will be agreeably disappointed in the crop obtained. Picking has already commenced in numerous gardens. The hops as yet picked, however, are rather inferior la quality, inact reced West Grea Lanc Tb with( Ba lucre prow( Impe Delll adz al and I Ditto Ditto Bank $. Cons()lt India ti Exche q .Ditto Ditto Aastria 13raziliJ . Diu . ° Ditto Buenos Ditto Ditto Chilion Ditto Danish Ditto :Equado Eg,➢ptie Ditto Greek t" . . Ditto Ditt o Ditto Italian Ilexicar New Mew Gi Ditto Ditto Ditto Peruvig Ditto Ditto Portugi Ditto Ditto Ditto Russian Ditto Ditto Ditto Bardinik Ditto Spanish Ditto Ditto Spanish Ditto Turkish Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto, Ditto - Ditto Venesu( Ditto Ditto Ditto Belgian liutch 2 Ditto French Italian, Ditto Consols, Ditto Strot 1,440_ The q the short comparil 17s. 100 about 4-1 By adN and the tandarc 7-10 tbs F The co . , 60 days' 1 on gold a anY prof States. Row prenticeE Temple-, massive scription Middle 1 Danes, 1 the free the sec() part it the reg superint( John A dent tha per. Thi public, it is regain then. T Ring. (gi K. King rovirEd a evening. Accra Trtt B E Yesterda _ th e ahoy' Wa rrake when a p As Roan br f e ii hi m oo arm an Z l _ er e cot .. " 41 te th t h e hour "'tious. Liv( k tele 681, risen Cert rate Deal Egy ] vian Centi 1