The Sun. — London, England, 1854-08-08 00:00:00

VI:EA cr:E ROYAL DRURY LANE. Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. . ' The Subscribers, Nobility, Gentry, and the Public are respectlllly informed that the PE (.1. OR RANCE'S will be REiti MED on SATURDAY NEXT, Augutt 12. Rossini's Semiramile (Semlra mido Madame Caradori) and Handel's Ads and Galatea (Polyphe mus, Herr r mines) will be among the earliest productions. Theatre Royal, Drury-lane, August 8, 1854. THEATRE ROYAL HAYMARKET. trader the management of Mr. Snekstone. THIS EVENING, dm= 8, Will be ➢erformed THE OLD CHATEAU. Characters by Messrs• dew% Rogers, H. Marston. and Buckstone ; Mrs. Fitzvrilliam , and Miss Reynolds. Followed by the iiPANISH DANCERS in a GRAND BALLET. The new Farce AS LIKE AS TWO PEAS. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD -STREET. Under the Management of Mr. Caw's= Kiwi. THIS EVENDTG, Anourr Will be performed THE MARRIED UNMARRIED. Characters by Messrs. W. Laey, Ryder, and Cathcart; and Misses Heath and Murray. Followed by FAUST AND MARGUERITE. Characters by Messrs. C. Kean and David Fisher ; and Mrs. Winstsualey, and Miss C. Lac!ercq. To conclude with THE HALT OF THE BALLET. ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Wigan. THIS EVENING, AraucT 8, Will be performed TO OBLIGE BENSON. Supported by Blew: , Emery, Robson, and Leslie; Miss Marston, and Miss E. Turner. To be followed b 7 THE FIRST NIGHT. Characters by Messrs. "red Wigan. Leslie, Harwood Cooper, and Vincent ; Miss P. Hor ton, ang Miss Emily Ormonge. To conclude with the Farce of THE WANDERING MINSTREL. Jem Beggs, Mr. F. Robson. STRAND THEATRE. Role Lessee Mr. F. W. Aileron. THIS EVENING, Anclusr 8, Will be performed THE MILLER'S MAID. Followed by FAUST AND MARGUERITE. Mephistopheles, Mr. Haiford; Faust, Alas G. Hodson; Marguerite, Miss H. Gordon. To conclude with BOMBASTES FURIGSO. stalls, 45.; Boxes, 2+l. 6d.; Pit, ; Gallery, 6d.; Private il "xe II is. to be had of Air. Aileron. 15, New Bond-street. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GA.RDENi. the consequence of what Austria and Russia were then suffered to (1). As to France her repre sentative " blushed to sign the treaty ;" and as to England her people felt themselves the butt and laughing-stock of the diplomatic world. The present then seems to be a fair time for keeping a great end in view. The first NAPOLEON sought conquest and universal empire, the third NAPOLEON declares the age of conquests past, and that the Empire is Peace. Now peace can never be stable while nationalities are oppressed, and France and England can never be secure against a renewal of late villanies, while all the despots East of the Rhine are banded by the necessities of a Robber Confederacy. The two chief German Monarchs, and the Tartar Autocrat, whose dominions consist so largely of stolen terrritory, are the constant danger of Europe. They must keep up large and costly armies themselves, and compel us to do the same. Force them to be honest, and the Continent might repose. It has often occurred to us that whatever oligarchies, family compacts, and coalitions, here may be devising, this may not improbably be the final aim of NAPOLEON the Third. He has both ex traordinary prudence and a lofty ambition. He has marked out a nobler course for himself than conquest. Revolutionised France has always sighed to see the nations of Europe delivered from oppression. What if his mind, the master-mind of European thrones, be really occupied with a scheme which would certainly immortalise the name of NAPOLEON 111. A Testimonial of a very graceful kind was offered to the honourable and veteran reformer the member for Montrose, on Saturday last, the sth of August, 1854, by several of the most emi nent members of the House of Commons. It was p a full-length, life-size portrait of JOSEPH HUME, painted by LUCAS, and presented to Mrs. 111731 E, at the private residence of the hon. member in Bryanstone-square—the presentation being accom panied by an address feelingly read by Lord JOHN RUSSELL in the name of the numerous subscribers towards the purchase of the picture, including among them no less than seventy-five of the more influential of the national representatives. The country at large will feel that the tribute thus offered to Mr. HUNS by his immediate admirers was one in every respect eminently well deserved. It was a meed of grateful recognition won from his compatriots by forty-three years of distin guished public service, the last thirty-six years of which the hon. member himself remarked on Saturday afternoon had been wholly " uninter rupted." For it was as long ago as 1811 that he first entered the House of Commons, taking his post there among the ranks of the national re presentatives as the elect of the Weymouth con stituency. Having been originally educated for a career in the medical profession, Mr. HUME, as his terse Parliamentary biographer informs us, proceeded to Hindostan in the twenty-fifth year of his age, remaining there until his thirtieth, namely, from 1802 till 1807—during which five years of his Indian career be so well acquitted himself of his various duties, in a variety of very different offices, now as surgeon, now as paymas "This place fills up an hiatus which the Crystal Palace leaves wanting.' Vocal and instrimantal music of the first order, and display of fireworks which exceeds all imagination, are a fitting close to a day at the Crystal Pala,:e." • --- DANSON'S COLOSSAL PANORAMA. of CHUSAN. Splendid and Extensive Menagerie and Marine Aquarium—Unri• valled Military Band. VOCAL and INSTRUMENTAL CONCERT, In which Miss Poole, Miss Ransford, and Mr. Manvers sing several National and Patriotic Songs—All the Amusing Novelties of the Gardens in succession, concludin; with the •` Feast of Lan terns," and a most magnificent display of Fireworks by Aouthby. Admission One Shilling. A splendid Pavilion for Dancing has been erected. Fall Quadrille Band, &c. A STLEY'S ROYAL A=lPHlTlil;A'rfi6. Lessee and Manager, Mr. William Cooke. The popular Vect, the Cossacks, whose career has been most suc cessful, will shortly be withdrawn, to admit the production of a Grand Military Spectacle. embracing many of the principal events ofthe present War between Russia and Turkey ! Enthusiastic reception of the new Equestrian Ballet d'Aiction, the poetry ofmotion I THIS EVENING, AuousT 8, And during the week, THE COSSACKS ; or, Vive la France. After which, LES PREUVES DU GENIE, or S nes in the Circle, Invented and arranged by Mr. William Cooke, who, in the coarse of the evening, will exhibit (u;on his •hand) a horse whose height is only 15 inches. HERR CEIRISTOFF, the first Rope Dancer in the universe. To conclude with the new Equestrian Ballet d'Acton, by Mrs S. G. Healey, calle 1 THE KNIGII AND THE WATER LILT ; or, Love among the Mermaids. Box-office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. vr West. EITGII WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. 'NI. • DAY —Morning 14 rein.after 1 Evening 41 minalt. 1 T0.. ° 40‘..)v —Morning 8 atin.after 2 Evening 35 niin.Aft. 2 crlit WEATlitlt.—Sum Orrice, Aua. 8. TIEIZIMOYETCH, IN TRIC SILAD&• 66—highest since noon on Saturday. 56 —lowest this morning and during the night. 70—Viis day, at coon. 3A ROMETER, 30 . 11. SW.—Light, with fine sunshiny weather. 51531, ter, now as postmaster, now as Persian interpreter to the army during the Mahratta war, as to have elicited official acknowledgment through the pub lic thanks offered to him by Lord LAKE and other distinguished functionaries. It was in 1808, when he had only just completed his third decade, that Mr. Hum returned home, having in the brief interval.of his absence in Asia already real- ised more than a mere competence. After re maining in this country during 1809, he appears to have occupied the next two years, namely, 1810 and a portion of 1811, in a tour through the countries bordering the Medi- THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 8, 1854. ROYAL _ITALIAN OPERA. FAREWELL APPEARANCE OF MADAME GRIST. Last night Grisi took her final leave of the English stage, an event which will long be memorable in the annals of music in this country. Considering the great interest it bad excited, an enormous crowd was antici• pated, and this expectation induced the management to raise the prices of admission to such a height as greatly to diminish the influx of visitors. The theatre was full, though not overflowing, as it would have been Lad the usual rates been adhered to. This however, did by no means lessen the enthusiasm of the audience, whose feelings were expressed in a manner worthy of the occasion. The performances consisted of the first act of Norma, and of The Huguenots, omitting the last act. These pieces were acted and sung in the usual manner ; Grisi being supported by Tamberlik in the first, and Mario in the second. The performance of Norma suffered a good deal from the absence of Lablache, who, we understand, has left England ; but it mattered comparatively little, the attention of the audience being engrossed by the great object of the evening. The sight of Grisi, when she came ,forward in Norma, was the signal for a burst of feeling from every part of the house. She evidently was deeply moved, but soon recovered herself. In the beautiful "Casta Diva" she sang with a richness, purity, and flexibility of voice which she could scarcely have surpassed in the days of her youthful prime, and her personation of the character never was grander or more impassioned. Equally splendid was her performance in the Huguenots. She never clothed the character o f Valentina with a more intense interest. H a ppily M ar i o was in full possession of his vocal powers, and strained every nerve to do Justice to his part ; the wonderful scene, which forms so pathetic and terrible a conclusion to the third act, was acted and sung with surpassing power and beauty. It was listened to in breathless s il ence , which was not broken till the curtain fell. Then a storm of acclamations burst forth, calling the name of Grisi. On her presenting 'herself, supported by Mario, the whole audience started up and remained standing, while the house rang with shouts, hats and handkerchiefs waved on every side, and bouquets literally flew in showers from every circle of the boxes. She seemed overcome with emotion, and shed tears. Thrice she retired, and thrice was called back, when the same scene of enthusiasm was repeated. It was not till she had disappeared for the last time, and the sounds had died away, that the audience began slowly to dis perse. - Thus has terminated, in so far at least as England is concerned, the bright career of Giulietta Grisi--a career, in various respects, unparalleled in the annals of music in this country. Other stars of the Opera stage—the Catalanis, Pastas, Malibrans, Linde —may have shone for brief periods with equal brilliancy ; but Grisi, since she fint rose above our horizon one and twenty years ago, has never, for a single season, disappeared from it. During all this length of time, England, more than any other country, has been her home, and in England her greatest triumphs have been achieved. She will leave behind her great sorrow for her loss, and the sincere wishes of thousands, whom she has delighted so many years, for her welfare and happiness. Th t LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 8, 1854. The work of NAPOLEON has been undone, bu_ the work of CASTLRREAGH and his Holy Alliance is now to undo. We have no sympathy with the babbling about prescribing prematurely the terms of peace. We are, indeed, a nation of idiots, if we commence a most costly, and, as hitherto managed, it may be a most protracted war, with out knowing what we m ean t o have. The least we ought to go for should first be settled in any case, and in addition to that what we will get if we can. Now, the very least, in the judgment of every honest Jous Bum, who has only looked at the maps in the print shop windows is—Russia ousted from all that was ever, in any sense, Turk ish. Not only Wallachia and Moldavia cleared of the Muscovites, but Bessarabia too, and the Crimea in Europe, and the borders of the Black Sea, and Georgia in Asia ; to which must be added the stolen territories of Persia. A tho roughly free Euxine, and Danube, and Asia de livered from its worst oppressors are the minimum. All this, at least, must be done, aow we are doing. Less than this is to leave the germs of the identi cal quarrel in which we are engaged to a future generation. Turkey can never be independent while Russia is master of her outworks ; and if our governors are content with anything short of this they will most shamefully waste the national funds, and trifle with the nation's wishes. But much more than this must now be at tempted. Finland is universally demanded for its ancient possessors. The Northern barrier against Russian despotism would even then be too weak ;at present it is preposterously so. Still a valiant nation like the Swedes, united with the courageous and free-minded Fins, would be no inefficient obstacle to Muscovite ambition, and would, no doubt, hold their own, if attacked, till other independent nations came to their aid against the common pest. Finland is a modern theft ; one of ALEXANDER'S " material guarantees," never returned, however, by the barbarous pawnbrokers, who have not the honesty of tradesmen in their own line in really civilised communities. Let that pledge, then, be unconditionally restored to those to whom it belongs. Then all Russian Poland, indeed the whole of Poland, should be restored to itself. England and France —the one on the Baltic, and the other on the Rhine---could easily compel the most cowardly Monarch in Europe to give up his share. As to Austria, it is by 110 means improbable that she would in heart be glad to surrender her part ou gentle compulsion ; she will have to provide a sure barrier against a neighbour (in that case a neighbour no longer) who, after the present war, and the part Austria may be forced to take, will become her implacable and dangerous enemy. A kingdom of Poland would be a clear gain to A ird tra. One thin g is, indeed, a gainst this ; and that at is the STUART or BOURBON-like-incurable neu of the Hapsburgs. It se em s as if d ar k, faithless,blo: and dyclespoti:m were i n h erent i n the blood. lae women, clever men and fools of the dynasty, disclose the taint alike. Such a race may well fear to be shut up with Hungary, Lombardy, Venice, Croatia, and all its oppressed nationalities, and left to feel how petty a business is the hereditary Hapsburg them semi in the m id st of nobler, though some o semi-barbarous, races. Well, Austri a m us te_ h compelled to incur the wrath of e CzSallite,wailsislbiee has already incurred his contempt, and the wrath of the "icy monarc h" w i ll be as fatal to her as the righteous aspirations of her subjects. N ay , it m ay show itself in giving them vent. Then. Italy must be free—France and England can w i s h nothing else. Old-school Tories here, wish t o ere, an d Bourbonis6 and Orleanists there, may preserve the ascendancy of tyranny and priest craft, but not so the people of the two countries. Throughout Europe the work of CASTLEREAGH and the Holy Alliance must be undone. There are sundry other peccadilloes of the reaty of tyrants against improved has been decidedly Treaty of Vienna, that t th ß ro l u i gh the Ho use o f L ords. The peoples, which need to be and must be of re t c h t io ifi p e r d e. ; in Briber y and it w ou ld b e a most worthy resul t sent disturbance if a second Vienna Congress insignificant modicum of refor m , sanct i oned by the should assemble to restore the natural national popular branch of th e Legislature, was disfigured arrangements which that vile conspiracy dis- by one unsightly blot that would have rendered turbid, or the past disturbances of them which it is other provisions worse than useless. By sanctioned. The CZAR of that day was the cun- legalising the payment of travelling expenses for Ling prime mover against the interests of England I voters it would have opened a door for corruption and France, in these odious cutti ngs and carvings ,o f the most extensive and objectionable charac of the passive peopl e ; the retributi on i f the and most righteous will be ; ter. It would, likewise, have rendered the costs next of his race, by his per- of many elections so very extravagant as to pre fidy and ambition, bring his ill-gotten gain s . A on himself the loss of all vent any b ut wealth y candidates from offering ustria was equa lly impli- themselves for the suffra g e of lar g e constituencies. cated. Let her sha re , as h er paltry doings of late , When well deserve, the well-merited on ce the evil practice had obtained the canseq_uences. All sanction of law , it would become all but universal that ha 3 since followed to T urk ey has been but i n its application. Even conscientious voters terra,n ean, including, among others, Spain, Egypt, Greece, and Turkey. Immediately _ . on his second return to England, as we have already observed, he was returned M.P. for Wey mouth—entering the House of Commons, conse quently, in his thirty-fourth year, and persevering consistently during the _forty-three years which have elapsed since then, the important period in tervening between 1811 and 1854, in his arduous labours as a Radical Reformer and a practical eco nomist. So consistently, that, during those forty three years, he has, while battling frequently with Ministry after Ministry, secured to himself throughout the esteem and respect of all parties without any distinction whatsoever. Although some years Mr. HuME's junior in age, Lord PALMERSTON is five years his senior as a Member of the House of Commons, the latter hA'ing first occupied a seat within its walls as far back as 1806 [beingthen in his twenty-second year] as one of the Representatives of the University of Cambridge. Yet, having this undoubted pri ority, and in many respects, moreover, an un rivalled reputation among the representatives, the Noble Lord the Member for Tiverton may be said, with his ineffable air of unfading adoles cence, virtually to have yielded up to Mr. HUME the prestige customarily appertaining to the Father of the House of Commons. In the seventy-seventh year of his age —born in 1777— JOSEPH HUME, in 1854, has received the spontaneous tribute already specified as hav ing been offered to the wife of the Hon. Member for Montrose, in the name of the subscribers to a very graceful and appropriate testimonial. The portrait of the veteran reformer, it will have been remarked, was generously transferred by him and his lady to the safe keeping, henceforth, of the authorities of the London University. As Lord JOHN RUSSELL remarked, in the course of the eloquent address read by him on Saturday, to the recipient of the testimonial, "Mr. Huaus has laboured long, with perseverance, with courage, with energy, to change the state of our laws and of our Legislature"— adding—" More especially in the cause of eco nomy and retrenchment his untiring efforts have been conspicuous and successful." The address remarking immediately afterwards—" The voice of the people has encouraged his efforts, and a spotless reputation is a part of his reward." After forty-three years of arduous Parliamentary labour, it must be pleasant fur Mr. HUME to hear an avowal such as that made in his regard— " A spotless reputation is a part of his re ward " an avowal made in his regard in the name both of political friends and political opponents. The secret of all which is simply discoverable in the circumstance of the beneficent aim of the ambition sat before himself on his entrance into public life by this aged and honourable Momber of the British Legislature. HumE's ambition was based upon BENTHAZS philosophy. It was' founded upon the beautiful and noble principle inculcated by that eminent sage—the principle of securing for the greatest possible number the greatest pos sible advantages obtainable from good govern ment. It has bean in accordance with this generous principle that Mr. HUME has acted throughout the forty-three years of his energetic and laborious career in Parliament. He has grown grey in toiling for the good of his fellow -countrymen. As be himself says—He is now an old man. As his compatriots say of Mtn, through the address read on Saturday in their name by Lord JOHN. RUSSELL—." The con sciousness that he has served his country as an honest an d di s i nterested patriot will, we all trust, of brighten the clay give calmness and serenity to the evening of his honourable life." So may it be— until the career be closed until the work be ended ---tache sans tache ! or those who fancied themselves entitled to the designation, would have no oljectiou to a pleasant trip at the expene of their favourite candidate. Excursions would be organised, in which the depar ture would be attended with every facility, while the return, (to be paid for by the candidate) would be charged the full price, and encompassed with every difficulty. "Sed revocare gradum, superasque ewadere ad auras Hoc opus, hic labor est." Free and independent electors would select the advent of a sharp contest as the period for arrang ing their business transactions, and as the re cognised allowance would be far more than need be expended the voter might not only transact his affairs, but realise a very handsome surplus into the bargain. As Lord CLANRICARDE justly remarked, first-class fares and post carriages would be charged, and paid in every instance, although the recipient travelled by the 3d class or Parliamentary train. He certainly would not inconvenience himself to save the pocket of the aspirant for Parliamentary honours, and few elec tions would take place in which " travelling expenses" would not constitute a very formidable item. It is to be regretted that the proposition of Lord OLANRICARDE was not adopted, and the pay ment of travelling expenses of any kind or to any amount rendered absolutely illegal, and even the conveyance of voters to the po]l prohibited under any pretence. If the franchise is worth possess ing --if the elector desires honestly and conscien tiously to exercise the sacred and inestimable pri vilege of a free man—he should not object to, or cavil at, any trifling inconvenience incidental thereto ; nor should he demand a conveyance to the polling booth, or refreshment at the spot, of a different character from what he would require if engaged in his ordinary business. There are few members of the House of Com mons who cannot speak feelingly of the heavy de , mands which they have been compelled to submit to under the existing system. The securing the " Cab" or " Fly" interest was invariably a stroke of policy second only to the opening of the public houses. The worthy Jehus had a peculiar spe cies of eloquence, which they did not hesitate to exercise freely on the supporters of the shabby scrub who could allow bis friends to trudge to the poll. We believe the hackney carmen once turned an election for the metropolis of the sister king dom ; and certainly it would appear as if they could do the same at almost any election in this country, if we were to form a judgment from the zeal and anxiety displayed, and the amount of money squandered in obtaining the services of the rather noisy and uproarious class. This nuisance will not, however, be abated under the present bill. The Lord; in deference to the other branch of the Legislature, have been contented to strike out the enabling clause, and to allow matters to remain in statu quo. From the spirit displayed, we cannot doubt that, when the proper time arrives, their Lordships will be prepared to deal with the grievance, and to pass a stringent enactment for its total and uncondi tional abolition. The numbers on the division list (30 to 4) afford a cheering augury as to the mode in which this question will be dealt with, when a permanent measure for insuring the purity of elections shall be brought under their considera tion. CRONST_4DT AND THE GALVANIC BATTERY. TO THE EDITOR OE THZ SUL Srn,—Believing that the destruction of Cronstadt and Sebastopol may be effected with but a trifling or no loss of life on the sule of the French and English, by a dif• ferent mode of attack than the broadsides of their ships, it behoves us to test the feasibility of the plan, and to at tempt it if practicable, especially as our Admirals admit that the fire of our ships can make no impression on the walls. Let us, then, invoke a power which may shatter these redoubtable fortifications, when the guns of the allied fleets are unequal to the task—a power which is actually employed by the Russians in firing their submerged " Devils " in the Baltic, and by us almost completely overlooked. I mean the galvanic battery, an arm of some novelty in war, and as yet but little used in warlike operations; but possibly (according to the magnitude of the operation) more likely to effect the fall of these places than all the artillery of Europe. I would respectfully subriiit that an experiment be tried on Cronstadt as a first essay, 4,000 or 5,000 tons of gunpowder being put on board as many vessels as would carry that quantity. The vessels should be sent, 1 with a favourable wind or tide, close up under the walls of Cronstadt, the galvanic apparatus being in each vessel, and the operator at a respectful distance from his mines (the vessels). Let him make the connexion of the galvanic wires good, and explode the mass. Nothing human could withstand the shock within three or four miles of the position. The effect would certainly be ter rific. I should think it would disturb the statu quo of Croustadt, and dispel any pleasing dreams of the Czar in St. Petersburg, respecting the impregnability of his fortress ; for, if it did not shake the place to its centre, it would render it easy to carry it by a coup de main before the garrison, if it survived, could recover its self possession. —Yours, &c., _ _ T. L. SMITH. Queen's-square, Port of Bristol, Aug. 5, 1854. COURT CIRCULAR. OSBORNE, Aua 7. The Queen and Prince, the Prince of Wales and Prince Alfred, the Princess Royal and Princess Alice, attended divine service yesterday morning at Osborne, which was performed by the Rev. G. Prothero. The Deputy Judge had an audience of the Queen on Saturday, to submit the proceedings of some general courts-martial. A. deputation from Kilburn, upon the subject of the Extramural Burial Act, had an interview with Viscount Palmerston yesterday, at the Rome-office. The depu tation consisted of Messrs. Peters, Skeets, W. Verey, G. Verey, Saund erson , F. Baker, Rowe, Grieve, Val lance, H. Hall, Sparkes, W. Hale, C. Bicknell, Welling, Sweeting, Clement George (churchwarden of St. Mary lebone), Greene, Brown, and Dempsey. The deputation was accompanied by Lord Robert Grosvenor, M.P., and Mr. R. Tubbs, Chairman of the Magistrates of the Kensington Division. Earl Spencer had an interview with the Earl of Aber deen yesterday, at his official residence in Downing street. Tile Chancellor of the Exchequer and Mrs. Gladstone arrived in town last evening, from a visit to Sir Walter and Lady Mary Farquhar, at Poulsden-park, near Guild ford. Despatches were received at the Colonial-office yester day from the Governors of South and West Australia, Victoria, Hong-Kong, Ceylon, and Van Diemen's Land. Her Majesty, it is stated, intends erecting, in one of the churches in the Isle of Wight. a monument to the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of King Charles I. This unhappy princess died at the age of 15, in captivity, in Carisbnink Castle, in the above island, about a year and a half after her father was beheaded. She was a prisoner when her father suffered death, and had been so for nearly two years previous. She possessed a superior understanding. The Earl Spencer's marriage with Miss Adelaide Seymour, daughter of the late Sir Horace Seymour, is to be solemnised to-morrow, at St. James's Church. The King •f the Belgians returned to the Palace of Laeken on Friday, from Ostend. The Duke of Leeds has left the Clarendon for Hornby Castle, Yorkshire, _ _ _ The Duke of Cleveland leaves town to-day for Ruby Castle, Durham, for grouse shooting. The Marquis of Winchester has arrived at Aix-la- Chapelle, and is expected to be absent some months. Viscount and Viscountess Falkland have lett town for Han wick Hall, near Bishop's Auckland. • Lord and Lady Londesborough have sailed from Cowes, on a cruise in his lordship's yacht, the St. Ursula. The Duke and Duchess of Northumberland, who are at present staying at Sion-house, are expected to leave that splendid villa at the close of the week for Alnwick Castle. The Duke of Cleveland has left St. James's-square for his sporting seat, High Force, on the moors of Durham. The Duchess and Lady Augusta Ponlett are still remain ing in town. The Duke's reported arrival in Scotland is erroneous. The Earl Granville, immediately after the prorogation, leaves town for Germany, where the Countess is at pre sent sojourning. The Chancellor of the Exchequer and Mrs. Gladstone left town on Saturday, on a visit to Sir Walter and Lady Mary Farquhar, Poulsden Park, near Guildford. Lord and Lady Brougham leave town early in the ensuing week for Brougham Hall, where a select party will assemble immediately after the arrival of the noble and learned lord. The Earl and Countess of Derby, accompanied by Lady Emma Stanley, left town on Saturday last for Knowsley, Lancashire. THE SURREY THEATRE. M. Meyerbeer's grand opera Le Proplate was pre sented for the first time in this country in an English dress at the above theatre last evening, and it may be said to have met with as flattering a reception from a Surrey audience as has been accorded to it, in the ori ginal, both in Paris and at Covent-garden. The credit of arranging the opera for our Rage is due to Mr. Har court Russell, who has shown no small amount of judg ment and ingenuity in his difficult task. The principal parts were thus allotted :—John of Leyden, the Pro phet Bing, Mr. Augustus Braham ; Count Oberthal, Mr. Henry Corri ; Zacharia, Mr. Borrani ; Fides, Miss L,otner ; Bertha, Miss Rebecca Isaacs. The female artistes carried off the paltu both in their acting and singing, being loudly applauded throughout their per formance, and obliged to repeat some scenes over more than once. Miss Romer threw into her part much feeling and energy, her fine voice having lost little, if any, of its former power and sweetness. She was admirably supported by Miss Rebecca Isaacs, who made a very fair Bertha. We prefer, however, seeing this lady in characters where le-s vocal effort is required, and her most agreeable, soft, and well-undulated voice is not strained by the execution of music, for which it is unsuited. The sing ing of both artistes n ever theless, i n th e e l a b orate and long duet in the third act, where Fides and Bertha meet before the coronation scene, and the latter hears, for the first time, of the supposed death of John, was of a very high order, and deserves no inconsiderable praise. Mr. Braham did some very good things in the course of the eve ni ng ; but he exerted himself very little, and was more distinguished for the splendour of his dress and his attitudes than his singing. Messrs. Corti and Bor rani, and the other artistes aquitted themselves in a man ner to leave little room for cavil, and taking into account that this was the first night of the opera, the chorus was very respectable ; in some instances it proved ex tremely effective. The "spectacle " part of the opera even surpassed what we have witnessed here on former occasions, famed as the Surrey is for the getting up of scenic displays. Two hundred auxiliaries have been en gaged to do duty in the piece, and great expense has been incurred in providing new scenery, dresses, banners, and other et ceteras. The skating scene was cleverly done and looked well; and the coronation scene was little less gorgeous than that at Covent Garden, The opera, as a whole, we have little doubt will turn out a succes:-ful speculation. The theatre was crowded in every part, and hundreds were standing at the entrances and in the avenues and lobbies during the whole of the perform ance. At the fall of the curtain a great display of favouritism took place. CORRESPONDENCE FOR MEXICO, via THE UNITED STATES. General Post-office, August, 1854. Information having been received from the Postmas ter-General of the United States that letters, &c., may be forwarded to Mexico, by means of the United States' Mail Packets, which leave New Orleans for Vera Cruz on the Ist and 14th of every month, letters and news papers addressed to Mexico will in future be sent in the mails made up in this country for the United States, if specially directed " yid the United States." The postage upon letters sent to Mexico by this route will be— When not exceeding an oz. in weight When exceeding an oz and not exceeding loz 2s. 10d. and so on, according to the scale for charging inland letters. Newspapers will be liable to a charge of 2d. each. The postage of both letters and newspapers must be paid in advance. All correspondence for Mexico, not specially addressed to be sent via the United States, will continue to be despatched by the West India packet of the second of each month. AFRICAN DISCOVERY. The following letter has just been received at the Royal Geographical Society, an d i s of importance, as recording one of the greatest geographical explorations of the age : " St. Paul de Loando, May 15, 1854. "My Lord,—l take the liberty of transmitting to you herewith, as President of the Royal Geographical Society, an extract of a letter which has recently been received by a merchant in this city from his correspondent at Cassange, a district in the interior of this province, within the juris diction of the Portuguese Crown, announcing the arrival at that place of Mr. Livingston from the Cape of Good Hope, probably the same gentleman who, in company with Mr. Oswell, reached the shores of Lake N'gami in July, 1849. " Although I was not aware that any attempt had re cently been made to explore the interior of this part of Africa, still I have no reason to doubt the accuracy of the information contained in the accompanying extract. "In the event of Mr. Livingston having set out from the Cape Colony for the purpose mentioned, your Lordship will doubtless be acquainted with the fact, and, should such be the case, I think full reliance may be placed on the information of his arrival at Cassange. "That place is said, upon the best authority I can find here, to bs situated on the confines of the Portuguese terri tory in Angola, at about 180 miles from this Lity, in an easterly direction, and it is the seat of an important track between the Portuguese and the natives of the interior. " Should any further information reach me respecting Mr. Livingston's movements I shall not fail to communi cate it to your lordship, and, trusting that you will pardot this intrusion, I have the honour to be, my lord, your lord ship's obedient humble servant, " EMI. GABRIEL. "To the Right Ron. the Earl of Ellesmere, President of the Royal Geographical Society." The following is the translated extract of a letter from ;he Portuguese commercial agent, residing at Cassange, -r the interior of the province of Angola, addressed to his employer at St. Paul de Loando, under date the "This gentleman has 18th of April, 1854 :. " I must . not omit to acquaint you that I have . drawn npon yo u . in favour of Dr. Livingston, a subject of her Britannic Majesty, for 100 milreis, in part payment of a small quantity of ivory , which I have purchased from him. just arrived here , having tra versF.i, with th e most insign i f i can t res ources, the whole of the interio r f rom the Cape o f G oo d Hope, whence . he set out on his j ourney. What he w i s h e s to acquire is, not very great and i money, but a good name. H e i s a missionary, and appears to be a man of much erudition, zea l ous ly a pplying hims e lf to the a tt a i nment of a knowle d ge o f the geography of the Country. In the maps of the interior of Africa he will make Dr. Li v i ngston ' s exp l or ations, from lat. 18 to lat. 1 4, together w ith his sound astronomical observations, the best taken since those by Mr. Galton, were laid before the Royal Geographical Society at its last meeting. The present notice is, therefore, a proof of the successful issue of this great undertaking. MEXICAN DOLLARS.—The dollars brought by the last West India packet were disposed of yesterday at 62d. for the China market. This is an advance of id. per ox. on the price realised for those by the preceding Mexican packet, although during their scarcity at the latter part of July parcels were sold at still higher rates. The Marchioness o f Ailesbury returned to town yes - I AUSTRALIAN DEPARTURES.—The departures from the terday from Cowes, where her ladyship has been on a . port of London for the Australian colonies during the visit to the Earl an d C oun t ess of Wilton. The noble past week have co m p r i se d 10 vessels—four to Port Phi marquis c6ntinues in town, in improved health. lip, with an aggregate burden of .1,857 tons ; one to The Marquis and Marchioness of Westminster leave Moreton Bay, of 960 tons ; one to Portland Bay, of 708 Grosvenor -ho use early in the present wee k f or Sl ier - t ons ; one to Sydney, of 669 tons ; one to Adelaide, of bourne Castle, Oxford s hi re , on a visit to the Earl and 617 tons ; one to Ho ' hart Town, of 623 tons ; and one Countess of Macelesfiald, whence they proceed to Mot - ,to New Zealand, of 535 tons. Their total capacity was combo-house, Dorset, wher e th e L a di es G ros venor have 1 coi.sequently 5,969 tons. The rates of freight exhibit already arrived from town. firmness. LATEST NEWS. THE WAR. NARROW ESCAPE OF THE ARCHDUKE CONSTANTINE. Yesterday (Monday) the following reached Ham. burg : ORONSTADT, Aug. 2.—The Archduke Constan tine has had a hair-breadth escape of his life. The boat in which he was embarked was upset. Admiral Galitzin and four seamen were drowned. The White Sea squadron had entered the Gulf of Onegskaia. SPAIN. MADRID, August 2.—A Royal decree authorises the existence of the Governing Juntas, and allows the continuance of the armaments for public safety ; but the Juntas are only to adopt the title of "Con sultative and Auxiliary Juntas." Another decree suspends the execution of the decisions of those Juntas which suppress or modify taxes and other sources of national revenue until the Government and the Cortes shall have adopted measures upon the subject. A third decree restores provisionally the opera tion of the law on the press of 1837. The Madrid Gazette contains a list of numerous military promotions and nominations of governors of provinces. General Jose de la Concha is ap pointed Captain-General of Cuba, and General Manuel Crespo Governor of the Philippine Islands. The barricades have almost entirely disappeared. Lord Howden arrived in Madrid to-day. ITALY. A letter from Parma of the 29th ult. announces that the court-martial appointed to try the indi viduals implicated in the revolt of the 22d held its first sitting on that day. it Several of th e ac cused were examined, and appeared from the disclosures made by one of the chiefs, who was wounded and arrested on the 22d, that he and his companions had been led astray by procla mations clandestinely printed, and bearing the signature of Mazzini. FR ANCE. The Messager de la Charity says :—" We are in formed that five Sisters of Charity have set off for Boulogne, to form part of the expeditions to the Baltic. They are to be placed on board the hos pital ships, where they are to attend on th 9 sick. The finest of these vessels is as large as a 100-gun ship, and any one going on board it might imagine it was one of the finest hospitals in Paris. Nothing is wanting, not even the chapel."' The Sentinelle Toulonnaise states that there are at this moment at Toulon eight steam frigates, three steam corvettes, and three steam avisos, and that others aro expected. Those vessels can easily carry a division of 10,000 men. A considerable number of carts, waggons, mortars, cannons, &C., had been embarked in two large merchant vessels then loading in the harbour. The armament of the two ships of the line, Fleurus and Navarin, was rapidly proceeding. A third ship of the line, the Souverain, will shortly be ready for sea. The accounts received from Madrid would show that matters are going on tranquilly in that city. The Duke de Rivas and the Marquis de Perales were spoken of for the Paris Embassy, but nothing was as yet decided. If t h e f ormer b e se l ec ted it is believed it is out of compliment to the Emperor, the family of the Duke having been long on ititiaiate turtils wits .Montijo family.' The Duke was President of the Coalition Cabinet which succeeded the Sartorius Ministry, and which was so short-lived that it might be termed still born. He was not long since Ambassador at Naples, and during his stay there wrote an inte resting history of the insurrection under Mas saniello. The Marquis de Perales, who belongs to an ancient noble house, is now Constitutional Alcade of Madrid. He is young, and has not served in any diplomatic post. They are both Grandees of Spain of the first class. The Moniteur of yesterday publishes the fol lowing note from Vienna " VIENNA, Aug. I.—The retreat of the Russians towards the Sereth is fully confirmed by the official despatches from Bucharest of the 28th and 29th. It is operated by three parallel routes. Bucharest was to be evacuated on the 31st, and the first accounts will, without doubt, bring us news that the Turks have oc cupied the capital of Wallachia." The following is also given by the Moniteur ' " WIDDIN, July 25. One of the two Austrian colonels sent about a month ago to Omer Pasha, M. de Lowen thal, pa-sed through this place on the 3d, on his way back. He only remained a few instants at Widdin. Colonel Kalik remains at head-quarters. Both officers are loud in their praises of the manner in which they were received by the heads of the allied armies at Rutschuk and Varna." The Bourse yesterday slightly improved. The Three per Cents, closed at 71f. 25c. for the end of the month, and the Four-and-a-Half per Cents. at 98f. 75c. ; Orleans Railway Shares, 1,170 f. ; Rouen, 972 f. 50e. ex div. ; Havre, 567 f. 50c. ; Great Northern, 825 f. ; Strasburg, 777 f. 50c. ; New Shares, 620 f. ; Paris and Lyons, 945 f. ; Lyons to the Mediterranean, 845 f. ; Western of France, 641 f. 25c. ; Bordeiux and Cette, 610 f. ; Great Central of France, 492 f. 50c. ; Lyons and Geneva, 505 f.; Bank of Credit Mobilier, 687 f. 50c. CANADA. We have received the following telegraphic de spatch from Quebec : - The elections are in progress in Quebec. Three Ministerial candidates have been elected by a ma jority of two to one over the late members. The Opposition member for Montreal (Baggly) loses his election, and three Reformers are returned in Upper Canada. All the elections are going for the Ministry. THE BLACK SEA. An official despatch from Odessa reached Vienna late on Saturday stating that the French and Eng lish fleets were seen off Sebastopol on the 30th, the steamers having transports in tow. This news was conveyed from Sebastopol to Odessa in a day, and immediately telegraphed through to St. Peters burg. It is inferred from the wording of the de spatch that the expedition proceeded eastward. The intelligence is of a later date than that received from Constantinople. Steamers were arriving at Varna up to the 25th ult. with materiel, ammuni tion, and provisions. Private letters speak variously as to the amount of the force employed in the important operations at the Crimea. Some speak of 75,000 men, while others make them 95,000. In any case the fullest confidence is expressed in the success of the expedi tion. A telegraphic despatch from Constantinople, of July 30, says the Turkish fleet has sailed for Varna with the pontoons and all the transports. Salina is burnt. THE BRITISH EXPEDITION. The following has been received to-day from Marseilles : " VARNA, July 30.—Sir George Brown has re turned in the Fury, in which vessel he entered the harbour of Sebastopol in the night and remained till dawn. The Fury was fired at both with shot and shell, but she suffered no damage. " The cholera is subsiding in the English camp. The deaths do not exceed 16 daily. " Preparations are being made for an immediate advance of the allied troops. " Vessels from Varna are subjected to a quaran tine of five days at Constantinople." CONSTANTINOPLE. --- On the 26th ult. the Sultan issued a firma]; confirming Said Pasha in the government of Egypt. An imperial commissioner, the bearer of that fir man, was to leave in a day or two for Alexandria, to invite the Viceroy to come and receive the in vestiture from the Sultan. The firman confers on Said Pasha the title of Vizier. RUSSIAN EMISSARIES AT ROME. The Univers says :—" The Russian Archiman drite of Jerusalem has been at Rome for some weeks. On the other hand, Prince Gregory Wol conski, attache at the Russian Legation at Rome, arrived in that city about a fortnight back, with despatches from his Government. Lastly, the German journals announce that a Russian agent has likwise been sent to Rome to give explana tions, in the name of the Czar, respecting the questions of the Holy Places. Thus, it will be perceived, Russian diplomacy does not remain idle. ft is impossible to imagine, a letter says, with what horror the news was received at Rome of the revo lutionary movement which has just broken out at Parma. A unanimous cry of reprobation has arisen against the wretches who select, for the pur pose of attacking the Government of their country, thd moment when that Government is entering so frankly and so resolutely on the path of wise re formi and public ameliorations." FORTIFICATIONS OF SEBASTOPOL. The news of the sailing of the expedition to the Crimea has all of a sudden given a fresh interest to the Eastern question, and every one is looking out with intense anxiety for news from that quarter. Singularly enough, few people seem to have thought au attack on Sebastopol by land probable, at least during the present season ; and no one seems to know with precision what the Russians have been doing for the defence of Sebastopol, or with what force they will be able to oppose the allied armies. If we are to believe the Journal des Debats, great and important additions have been made to the strength of the place on the land side, and the armies will meet with a formidable resistance. That paper says : " Before 1852 Sebastopol was scarcely fortified on the land side, and was commanded by the surrounding heights; but those hills nearest the town have been partly levelled and the earth transported to the lower grounds and hollows, which might facilitate a besieging force in ap proaching the place. On the ground so prepared, a circular wall, starting from the citadel, which rises be hind the quarantine fort, has been traced out. This wall must have at least three-quarters of a league in cir cuit, and is an exceedingly important work, requiring much time and outlay. Constructions of strong masonry are necessary to constitute fortifications capable of resist. ance, and a mere rampart is not sufficient ; and, in addi tion, a fortified place must have half-moons and lunettes also in strong masonry. So great a work cannot be executed all of a sudden. However, the report goes that all the soldiers and seamen are now employed on it, to the number of 40,000 ; and with the Russian method, which consists in sacrificing men by thousands for any works whatever, whether of war or not, it is not impos sible that the fortifications may be in part finished when the allies arrive before the place. In spite of the works of levelling which have been executed, Sebastopol not the less remains commanded by heights which it is impos sible to remove, and on which is marked out by nature the position of an entrenched camp for a besieging force. It fthe masts t is true that e th t outside e vessels neither cantheb port e seen,no even e na the uue t tops tof the depth of the maritime site with respect to the shall have been carried towards the right, the great be raked mili tary port will then be laid open, and may by surrounding cliffs. But when the siege works land side, unless vulnerable point of Sebastopol on the . unless immense fortifications were raised there, which cer tainlycannon along its whole extent. • ' cannot have time to construct with the Russians sufficient solidity. Besides, every strong place, be sieged That will always he the But th for re the necessary eiegee f Sebas topol means, is of fn nothing less than a whole army is required, for most undoubtedly the Russians will send one there e i e n e t s h ei e ty ru a le p s la o e f e art art, and taken.nd with for the defence of that great ar 4 enal. The prelimi nary operation of the siege will be the landing in th e Crimea of an army with its materiel. A. landing in an e nemy's country is always one of the most difficult ope rations of war. The coasts will certainly b e we ll pro vided with troops to oppose the landing. Where will the allied forces be landed on this occasion ? Is it on the ,outhern coast, at the Monastery of St. George, or in the excellent harbour of Balaklava, or on the fine ° strand of Yalta, or in the inlets of Cape Cherso 'Jesus ? The most distant of these inlets is only three leagues from Sebastopol ; four of them are known, the following bein g th e i r names :—St rehetslia, Pestchanaia, Kamiesk, and Kasach. I n l an di ng i n one of these little bays there would be this advantage, that of being very near the place to be attacked, for the con veyance of siege materials. But our generals, and ad mirals will no doubt know how to choose the proper point for landing. As to the expedition itself, there ap pears to be no doubt that it will take place, and the Rus sians expect it every day." THE BALTIC. THE FLEETS AT LEDSUND. The following extracts are from an interesting letter, dated Ledsund, August 1 : " We have captured a commissaire, one of that m s ' terions and powerful f orce — the Russian police. Y "In consequence . of th e f requent disappearance of the buoys which were laid down for the safe navigation of this archipelago, an inquiry was set on foot, and at length some clue was obtained of the whereabouts of the trou blesome and annoying marauder. " Captain Sullivan, of the Lightning, landing upon one of the islands, visited a snug little cottage, eznbowered in trees and surrounded by many social rural comforts, introducing himself with much suartter in mode to the lady portion of the household, be expressed a wish to purchase a few necessaries from them, the produce of the farm, and at the same time stated his desire to be on the most friendly terms with them on all occasions. They told him they dare not sell anything, as the gtnperor had issued positive orders forbidding the use of English money, and therefore they could not receive it, espe cially as his minions, whose vigilance nothing could escape, were on every side of them. While this friendly conversation was being maintained, an individual, who seemed to strike awe in every countenance, walked brusquely in, and Inc king around him with the triumphant air of a " man clad in a little brief authority" (not a little), said, 'How now ? What do I see ? I observe you' (addressing the palpitating women, who quailed before hie gaze) receiving English money. I will send you to the interior. I will not tolerate proceedings like these.' To exonerate the innocent, and show himself the guilty one, Captain Sullivan said—No ; on the con trary, these people have refused to take the money I tendered ; but he now added that he required a few sup plies, and that if they hesitated in taking the money, he would lay it down and help himself to the articles. 'I won't allow you,' quoth the übiquitous imperial spy, 'I have a duty to perform, and Ah, then,' rejoined Captain S., assuming the fortiter in re, 'and so have I, too, a duty to perform. You are a Russian ; you are - thert-fr,re try enemy. You are now my prisoner.' E.e tables were now turned, as two sturdy seamen conveyed him away. "There is another gentleman of this class lurking somewhere in the vicinity of the island of Brousso—one of the many islands clustered here in such wild profusion. The natives possess much pristine innocence, and seem to welcome the English on their soil in the same ratio that they abhor the Russians. Ido not pretend to know their many causes of complaint against their rulers, but I will mention a recent occurrence, which has made the blood of all this innocent population run cold. Two fine young lads, from Ango—another of 'the islands—went on board one of our ships of war, and on their return to the shore were met by some Russians, who found some English money upon them. They were immediately taken up to the fort, decapitated, and their mutilated bodies were sent to the island whence they. came: This narrative was told us by some of the inno cent peasantry with tears in their eyes on presenting them with money for a few requisites that we stood in need of. " The enemy are not asleep on their posts ; they are daily strengthening their defences. With :jackets off, they seem to ply the pick-axe and shovel with enery in throwing up works, opening loopholes for musketry, forming glacis, and, I . think, filling some of the embra zures with sand bags • they are well supplied with ord nance stores, have a three years' store of provisions, and are quite prepared for prolonged resistance. The ships are guarding the passes in every direction, so that the garrison must see themselves completely hemmed in on every side, and cut off from all relief. All the ships are within signal distance of each other. The French ships cut off all retreat on the Swedish side. Cap tain Ray, of the Amphion, took advantage of a d ar k gloomy evening, wh en a fresh breeze was blowing, and heavy rain falling, to sound the waters close in by the forts, and make a general reconnaissance of the works. He quietly proceeded with muffled oars, and succeeded without being discovered. Such zealous acts are worthy of being recorded to an officer's credit, for in doing so he ran considerable risk of being shot, even by less vigilant sentries than those posted along the front of the fort on that night. The islands look beautiful. We are now in the very midst of an Aland summer. Everything is crowned with vegetation. The trees have assumed their greenest tints, and everything is refreshing to look at. Only 7 weeks ago the site of this blaze of flowers and sea of green was dazzling white, and knee-deep in snow. An Aland sum mer is very fleeting. Already a perceptible change has taken place in the length of our evenings. There is not much time to delay operations before the winter, which is very severe, sets in. "The commander-in-chief, in the Driver, with the captains of the squadron, visited Bomar Sound on the 26th ult. to inspect the localer Vice-Admiral Parseval Deachenes also went up on the same day in the Darien. The Odin and Porcupine (now at Bomar), which vessels had been away on a cruise in the Gulf of Bothnia, on the Swedish side, returned here on the same date. The Rajah, steam-transport, with letters (27th) joined. Early on the morning of Sunday (30th) the trans ports with French troops made their numbers, and be t ween 1 and 2 o'clock they came into the Sound, the Hannibal leading, the Algiers following. The English squadron manned and gave their brethren-in-arms a good English cheer cf welcome, which was heartily re sponded to by the French troops, who crowded the booms and boom-boats. In round numbers, about 5,000 of the French contingent have arrived. " General Baraguay d'Hilliers, in La Reine Hortense, the Emperor's royal yacht, steamed in about half-past three o'clock to-day (the 31st), and was loudly hailed with thrilling cheers. He called upon the commander in -chief, Sir Charles Napier, on board the Duke of Wel- lington, where he was received with all the honours due to his rank. He is a fine soldier-like looking officer, and, in the loss of arm, bears evidence of service. The garrison is determined to hold out while they have a leg to stand upon, or, as the saying is, " while there is a shot in the locker." They have got plenty of red-hot shot to greet us, as soon as we commence. They are already piled up in the furnaces, fit fcr immediate use. In addition to the garrison of regular (Finnish) troops within the forts, ranging from 1,500 to 1,800 men, part of the population of the island itself are armed, altogether there are about 3,500 of all arms. Out of those 500 are equipped as sharpshooters. There are about 80 Cossacks of the Don, and some horse artillery with field battery. The large fort mounts 100 guns. The large Martello tower on the hill, commanding the other forts, has 30 guns ; and another small tower on the right mounts ten guns, and a masked battery on a promontory contains seven guns, The colonel of engineers has been up to examine the place, but there has been no general com bined inspection, as yet, by the heals of departments. The forts fired upon the reconnoitring party, but the shot fell short. " A court-martial has been held on board the St. Jean d'Acre, on a private of marines, belonging to the Gladiator, for threatening his sergeant. The prisoner has been found guilty, and sentenced to receive corporal punishment. - "The French royal yacht, La Reine Hortdnse, has just left this anchorage for Bomarsund, with General Baraguay d'Hilliers, Sir Charles Napier, Colonel Jones, and all the heads of departments on board. The result of to-day's inspection will be replete with interest to us all. The health of the squadron is good, except the St. Jean d'Acre, where cholera has again broken out. " The battering siege train, expected in the French transports, has not yet arrived. I believe they are on their way here from Faro. Before commencing we must have one company of Sappers here also ; but we shall begin operations next week, I believe. Another letter of the same date says :--" The Valo rous has come down to Ledsund ; she is very much injured, and makes five feet of water per hour. By the aid of a diving apparatus (which was borrowed from a Frenchman) 13 of her planks have been found started, and pieces five feet long have been brought up. A sail has been passed under her bottom, over the hole, and hopes are entertained that it will be so filled up as to enable her to come home for repairs. On the 28th the Holyrood arrived. It has been proposed to turn this useful ship into a tank for the use of the , fleet ; she is admirably adapted fur it, being divided into compart ' ments. Three Russians, who have deserted from the forts, were taken on board the Duke to-day. They state that the five forts have 3,100 men in them, including 500 Riflemen. They state that the garrison is very dire. contented, and many would run if they could. They are quite healthy. August 2.—Thin morning the three Commanders-in-Chief have gone up to Bomarsund iu the yacht to arrange the plan of attack, which I think will take piace on Thursday or Friday, for everything is prepared." According to other letters from Led Sund, it was re ported that the gallant admiral said he would knock the fort (of 108 guns) down in three hours after the towers on the heights have been besieged. In. the evening at 7 o'clock a private theatrical performance took place on board her Majesty's ship Duke of Wellington, being under the immediate patronage of the Commande-in- Chief. A large covering was stretched over the poop and quarter-deck of the flag-ship, and there were seats raised for the whole of the crew, the admiral and his officers being on the poop. The seamen only performed the pieces selected being Oharles 11., or the Merry Monurch, and the farce of Fortune's Frolic. The cha racters were exceedingly well sustained, and would have done credit to a minor provincial theatre ; but the bronzed arms and neck of Lady Clara contrasted strangely with her elegant white dress and embroidered handkerchief. The attendance of a fine band playing overtures, and the usual supplies of nuts, oranges, and girwer beer, added much to the illusion of the scene. Sir Charles Napier and suite attended in person, and it olncluded with great éclat, much to the delight and en joyment of the men. MONEY FOR TEE WAR. "We are bound over," said Lord Brougham, some years ago, " in a sum of 800 millions to keep the peace." " The fact is," said the Times news paper iu 1847,—iu that confidential tone which men assume when about to state a palpable fiction —" the fact is, the nation is poor." About the same time Sir Robert Peel announced that the distress then pervading the country was produced by " a dearth of capital." The conviction that England could not afford to go to war was all but universal. Acting on this conviction the Government of Lord Aberdeen made every possible effort to maintain peace at any cost. Acting on this conviction, Mr. Cobden and Mr. Bright, and the Manchester party, denounced war under any circumstances, trusting that they should thereby secure popular support. " For when it comes to the point," reasoned these philosopher B of cotton, " the people neither can nor will pal war taxes." The Emperor of Russia calcu lated in a similar way. His Majesty, 11 ° doubt, takes in an English paper or two —as well as that " dear Aberdeen,"—and in former days he obtained, we believe, from the late Lord Ashburton a sufficient knowledge of the Currency Question to enable him to appreciate our financial difficulties. Nevertheless, the war is going on, taxes are imposed and paid ; trade, though not in so flourishing a condition as it was, is, on the whole, good ; the funds keep up, a 1 1",, two or three milli ons more or less for sending o u t our soldiers on a tour in the East, and our sailors on a cruise in the Baltic, seem to Mr. John Bull Toots a thing of " no consequence." How, now, we ask, has all this come about ? A power has been in operation of which Peelites, People, Cotton Lords, and Czars have but a very inade quate idea. That power is Paper Money. It has always been the avowed opinion of those who ad' vocated the system of money made use of during the last war by William Pitt, in opposition to the one introduced by Sir Robert Peel, that with an adequate circulating medium this country might prosper either in war or peace. Not, of course, equally. War is an enormous evil every way, whether viewed in a political, moral, or commercial aspect. But as the country made great progress in spite of the long war, with the counteracting advantage of an adequate paper circulation, so, we have always contended, it might do again under similar circum stances. But Peel's Bill remains the law of the land, and we are, notwithstanding, bearing up against the evils of war. Quite true. And every one, with very little consideration, may know the reason why. The Gold Discoveries have neutralised, to a great extent, the pernicious effects of Peel's Bill. There have been minor causes at work in the same direc tion. The facilities afforded by railways for the transmission of money from one place to another, the opportune economising of the circulating_ medium by the Lond on b an k ers, th e remova l of trade restrictions—these, and other things, hay°, co-operated with the extraordinary discoveries os gold to secure to this country a circulation !ilia' cent to afford the indomitable energies and indus try of the English people something like fair play Gold has flowed into the country from Australia in such abundance as to enable the Bank, notwith standing adverse foreign exchanges, to retain in its coffers gold enough to form a basis for an adequate circulation. Without this most unex pected and powerful ally —we mean Californian and Australian gold—in what an unenviable position. would England have now been placed ! We should have had dear bread, bad trade, war, and high taxes. And in what jeopardy are we still placed by our absurd monetary system. By the last Bail Return it is true that the stock of bullion amounts to between 13 and 14 millions, showing a decrease from the former statement of not more that 190,1951. Still this indicates that the export °I bullion is not yet checked. And, meanwhile, the reserve of notes in the Banking Department is very small (6,244,4851 . ) . A good harvest vnly doubtless, be in our favour. But we have Ina" e the prosperity of the country mainly dependent on. the power of retaining a few millions of gold in th e vaults of the Bank. Let this bullion be with drawn, and a very few months would change th e whole state of affairs. Without gold it is decreed that we shall have an inadequate supply of money ; this inadequate supply of money inevitably pro duces declining trade , and, as a ma tt er o f co urse, depressed ag ricultur e follows ; th en comes t h e ruin' of the capitalist and the starving penury of the labourer and operative. Our resources for carrying on the War would then be exactly what the Czar would wish theal to be.—Derbyshire Courier. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON. MATRICULATION, 1854.-EXAMINATION FOR HONOURS. MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.—Thu g ' Harlin (exhibition), St. Peter's College, Cambridge ; Frederick Bullock, King's College ; Leonard Emanuel, University College ; Walter West and John Farnh" Messenger, King's Colle ge ; A ugus t us Prevost, '' versity Col -0.11 '' versity ; William Rowlands, Wesleyan Ce ll ' Inst., Taunton ; John Bird Taunton, University Colleg e School ; Charles Digby Roberts, University C o ll e ge. CHEMISTRY.—J, Langdon Haydon Down, London Hospital, and Alex. J. Balmanno Squire, UniyersiY College (equal, prize of books) ; Alfred Fleischmaer,' Stafford County I n fi rmary ; J osephus Alexander Wl'' Hams, Queen's College, Birmingham ; John Baotou , King's College School ; Edward Reading Bucknill George Edwards Jeaffreson, private tuition ; H enri Gervis, W. of E, Dissrs. Prop. School • Morris Teng e r private tuition ; Alfred George Kemp, Wesley College, Sheffield ; Alfred Woodward, King's College ; gaut®' ville Howe John Sterling, University College ; "'— Hodges, Guy's Hospital ; Thomas James W o odhouse , private tuition. BOTANY.—Rinso Robert Siccama (prize of bookeN King's College ; Thomas James Woodhouse, and Ed l ' Reading Bucknill, private tuition ; Alfred Woodwea" King's College ; Joseph Henry Barr, Owen's College , ZOOLOGY,—Arr. Edward Durh am ( pr i ze o f books) , Cheltenham Hospital ; Ebenezer Charles, private WWI; CLASSICS.—Edw. Ernest Bowe n ( ex hibiti on ), *.t e ,g oo College, and Percy Greg, privat e t u iti on ( equa l) ; Robert Horton, St Peter's College, Prior Park; The t g e Watson, Glasgow University ; Joh n Wingfield, pri" tuition ; Edward Gilbert Herbert, G rammar Schoo Leathe;head ; William Rowlands, Wesleyan College 11 ; 1 ; stitute, Taunton ; John Farnha m M essenger , Ili"' , College, and Thomas Parker Smith, Merchant Dale!" School (equal) ; John Alexander, Flewitt, King Etheardte School, Birmingham, and Jo se ph R aymon d Gaecll:_ University College School (equ a l) ; B ernar d Fitzpetric private tuition, and Frederick G arrar d , Ki ng ' s Colleg e (equal). A BOY FOUND DROWNED.—Yesterday a fine yo uth ' aged removed spticnkete dead-house d h upinthe at h Thames that t r Rotherh ithe and p l ace to b owned, and for an i nquest. T he b ody i s c l a d in blank jacket and trowsers. ri DEATH OF THE DEAN OF ARDAGIL—The Dubli Sentinel announces the decease of the very Reverea Richard M urray, D.D , Dean of Ardagh, and Vicar • General of hi s di ocese. THE BALLOT.—The Hon. A. Gordon, the re cently' elected mem b er for Beverley, and son of the Premier_ o • l : a convert t o th e b a ll ot. His conversion was sud d e n , owing p er h aps to t h e requests a dd resse d to him by the elector; and a movement made by the Ballot kiecieti•