The Sun. — London, England, 1863-01-15 00:00:00

LONDON, BRIGHTON, and SOUTH COAST RAILWAY. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That an EXTRAORDI NARY or SPECIAL GENERAL MEETING of the PRO PRIETORS of the above Company will be held, at the Bridge House Hotel, near London -bridge, in the Borough of South wark, in the county of Surrey, on THURSDAY, the 29th January, 1863, immeliately after the termination of the Ordi nary General Meeting of the Company (appointed to be held on that day, at the Bridge House Hotel aforesaid, at One o'clock, 'tor the purpose of consid'2ring the expedience of exercising the powers of the Company's Act, 10 and 11 , c. 276, for increasing the number of Directors and determin ing the order of rotati , m in which such increased number of Directors shall go out of office, and what number of Directors shall be a quorum at their Meetings. LEO SCHUSTER, Chairman. FREDERICK SLIGHT, :_ecretary. London-bridge Terminus, Jan. 15, 1863. ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT GARDEN. 'Under the Management of Miss Louisa Pyne and Mr. W. - Harrison, Sole Lessees. THIS EVENING Wallace's new Opera of LOVE'S TRIUMPH : Miss Louisa Yyne, and Mdme. Laura Baxter ; Messrs. George Perren, W. H. Weiss, H. Corri, A. Cooke, and W. Harrison. Conductor—Mr. A. Mellon. After which, the Grand Comic Christmas Pantomime, en titled HARLEQUIN BEAUTY AND THE BEAST. Mors open at hall-past B—Commence at 7. THEATRE -ROY AL. DRURY-LANE.- Lessee and Manager, Mr. Edmund Falconer. THIS EVENING, the Combo Drama of THE NEXT OF KIN. After which, the G rand Pantomime of LITTLE GO DDY TWO SHOES. Commence at 7. TH EAT It E-RO . HAY MARKET Lessee Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, at Seven o'clock, will be periormoked. 'IJR AMERICAN COUSIN. Asa Trenchard , 311 *. 1311 atone; Lord I)undreary, Mr. Sothern. After which, a new and original Extravatranza.hen RASSELAS, PRINCE OF ABYSSINIA; or, ,r Valley. Rasselas, Miss Louise Ke v ley. a entitled p p y Concluding with MRS. WHITE. T HEATRE ROYAL LYCEUM _OPEN, under the Sole Manage ment of Mr. PECHTER. January 15, and every THIS EVENING a tiritS DA:lo. evening during the SUDDEN commence with an Ori !in {1 A ATTACK. Messrs. Shore, Sketch, entitled Garden, Widd i c omb, Miss Henrade, and Mrs. Lee. After which, at a Quarter to Eight, a New Romantic Drama. in Three Acts, and Pr3102 - ,ue, entitled THE DUK.E'S STOTT°, by Paul Feval and John Brougham. The principal character will be sustained by Mr. Pechter, supported by Messrs. G. Vining, J. Brougham, H. iddi combe, W. M`lntyre, P. Charles, Garden, Raymond, H. Butler, Dawson ; Misses Carlotta Leclercq, Kate Terry, E. Lavenue, and Elsworthy. Mr. Phelps and Mr. W. Montgomery are engaged, and will shortly appear. - _ Doors open at half-past Six, performance to commence at Seven. Private Boxes, £2 12s. dd., and £2 25. Places registered. Stalls, 6s. 6d. ; Dress Circle, Is. 6d. ; Upper Circle, 4s. 6d. Prices at doors—Stalls, 65. ; Dress Circle, ss. ; Upper Circle, 4s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, ls. No half-price. Box office open daily from 11 till 5. The public are entreated to take notice that no charge is made to the occupants of boxes, box places, or stalls, either for playbills or for the safe keep ing of hats and cloaks : and that the attendants in all parts of the house are forbidden to receive any gratuities whatever Stage-Manager, Mr. G. Vining. ACting-Manager, Mr. H. Barnett. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. Lindus. THIS EVENING, THE TRIPLE ALLIANCE. Mr. H. Marston, Mr. Wallace ; Miss Constance Aylmer, Miss AI. Oliver, and Mrs. B. White. After which, the New Grand CHRISTMAS PANTOMIME, •. RIQUET WITH THE 'TUFT ; or, H arlequin and Mother Shipton." Mr. G. Belmore, Mr. C. Seyton, Misses Gray and Hudspeth, Mr. Milano, Mr. R. Power, Miss A. Collinson, and Mr. Halford. NEW THEATRE-R0 YAL, ADELPHL- Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, THE LI I TLE THE ‘SURE. Mr Billington, Mr. R. Phillips, and Miss Marie Wilton. After which, A TICKET OF LEAVE : Messrs. J. L.Toole, p. Bedford, and Mrs. Billington. To conclude with " GEORGE DE BARNWELL : or, ilarlequin Folly in the Realms of Fancy." Miss Woolgar, Miss Kelly, Miss Seaman ; Messrs. J. L. Toole, P. Bed ford, SleOenson, C. J. Smith. Harlequin, Mr. John Lauri ; Columbine, Miss Caroline Adams ; Clown, Mr. W. Hildyard ; an tak,on, Kr. J. Paulo. The celebrated Arthur and iiertrand. Commence at 7. The WEATHEIL—Sun Office, Jan. 15, 1863. THERMOMETER. Highest since Noon yesterday. 3B Lowest during the night This day at N00n..... Barometer-30.43. wi n d—..sasterly, fresh, with fine weather, but dull and cold. -- --- -- - - , HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY. —Morning, 9h. 6m.—Afternoon, 9h. 50m To-mouttow.-Morning, 10h. 28m.—Afternoon, 11h. 10m. L;' • " 45 7 - Er f ni . t (9 it 4 LONDON, THURSDAY, JANUARY 15, 1863. The opening of the Prussian Chambers yesterday awakens some interest. The armistice bctween the KING and the Chambers is over, and the belligerents are about to meet once more, with w hat results it is difficult to predict. Has 'WILLIAM the First profited by the truce to reconsider his theory of the divine right of Kings ? We fear not, from the opening phrases of the Speech from the Throne, which com mences by expressing the desire of his MAJEsTT that a durable understanding may be arrived at in the questions which had remained unsolved in the preceding session. This creditable aspiration is followed by a somewhat suspicions phrase. " This understanding would be obtained as soon as the constitution shall be taken as the basis for the posi tion of the representatives of the people, and when the legislative authorities mutually respect their constitutional rights." That is to say, we presume, that matters will be pleasantly settled when the Chambers have learned to respect the divine right of WILLIAM the FIRST, and to accept the basis of a despotism, instead of a limited monarchy. After a few smooth phrases about the satisfactory state of the finances, we come to the bone of dissension. The Govern ment, we are told," will submit the modified budget for 1863, and the budget for 1864, and will further propose an alteration in the law on military service of the 3d of September, 1864. The Ministers are unanimous in abiding by the project of reorganisa tion of the army, and desire that it should be forth with determined by the legal settlement of the ex penditure." A reasonable wish truly 1. The KING desires peace—the Alinist _ars unani mously desire war, it would seem. They had better decide which 'wish is the strongest. 'We trust the resolution of the Chambers may be found stronger than both of them—to hold the rights of the people, and to yield no one point to the dictation of the KING or the en croachments of his Ministers. No allusion is made to the Schleswig Holstein dispute. Perhaps with so hearty an ally as Lord RUSSELL, it is though unnecessary to take, further trouble in the matter.t The relations of Prussia with foreign powers are said to be satisfactory; the commercial treaty with France is insisted on, and a conviction expressed that the Federal Constitution of 1815 no longer corresponds to the altered conditions of the present day. Bills on local subjects and legal r&orms ate announced, but we cannot doubt that a struggle is to come be tween a King who only knows how to tyranise and a people who are determined to be constitutionally governed. It seems strange that with the day actually fixed for the new session to commence, members should be even now addressing their constituents concerning the events of the last year. Mr.litstet lAME is one of those who have rushed in at the eleventh hour. So brilliant was his discourse, so stirring and sparkling his style, however, that no reader will regret this late resume of the skirmishes at St. Stephen's, The hon. member commenced his speech by motioning that the custom of the electors and the elected meeting between the sit tings of Parliament is one that never is understood b y InrEigness. It was wily last year that his re• mar ks to his constituents were commented upon by peo p le who were at a great distance from this pl=!ce. He alludcd to a pL.co called P ole, On the other side of the Ad r i atic. sea where Mr. KIN GLA They said, ` c Now Nye R.E gets his opinions from ; it seems he does not get his op - inionta from boolL.;, like our German professors. Ha does not even get them from iris own blue-books, but from ids constituents, from his borough of Bridge water; and they said, what they wanted was a few places like the borough of Bridgewater.. Certainly these people are on the high road to success; they have not the double error of the Platonists, of ignoring their ignorance, and the next step to seeing what they want will be to ob tain it. Next Mr. F—INGLAKE went on tc speak of his subjf.ct, waicn certainly was a prosy one, for, as he said, no one could clll the last a " Showy Session." He gave any ani mated account of the great contest on Church Rates, adroitly bringing in as a ludicrous non eeqttitur that this weighty question had been temporarily decided by a majority of one. He then dilated with some warmth on the nature of the support which be had given to her MAJESTY'S Government. that the support he had given was notne that some a , , servile" one. To prove this, he went on to state declare d serl e years ago, " he took the very first ex pelled the present Prime m. I inisterstefpromwhiocffihee., He said, and deserves the greatest admiration for it t h w i n a g s m to o r fl e n t d h a w n r oanng theth earvaorwouasle, aroused t s o 1 a ttention, t t a e n n y t i on, one perpetrated towards a British subject. During last session, observed Mr. KINGLAKE, there was only one point on which I differed from Ministers, and it was on the point of an English gentleman suffering wrong through the insurrection in Italy. An animated debate ensued on the subject, " while the Government for some time firmly resisted the claim which I, and the gentlemen acting with me, put forward on behalf this British subject; but I rejoiced to say that Lord .PALMERSTON, who is sel dom wrong upon a question of this kind, at length said that justice should be done." Well would it have been for the noble lord had he adopted such a wise course on a more important occasion. In the hurry-skurry of passing events much is laid aside and passed over, but the irrevocable past is occa sionally overlooked, and then some direful facts bear witness that cannot be gainsaid. The" Conspiracy Bill" will be a blot on the reputation of Lord PAL MERSTON which nothing can efface, and history will endorse the opinion that was then the prevailing sentiment of the country. The spirit and energy which animate such men as Mr. KINGLAKE will always make our Parliament the true representa tive of the feeling of the people, and in such hands the national honour can with confidence be trusted. Of course a discourse like the present must contain some allusion to the great distress in the North, and we find some touching reference is made to it. On this subject Mr. KINGLAKE ex pressed himself in an appropriate style. He said, " How grandly the crisis has been met, look at the patience with which these severe sufferings have been endured." He then paid a deserved tribute to the manner in which the country at large had met the evil, and to the efforts which had been made by the press to represent the sufferings to the ful lest extent without at all exaggerating them. The public expenditure next engaged his atten tion, and here again we must express approval of his sentiments. He said many points were open to discussion, and in many things a change was necessary, but when they talked of the home of the navy that was a very different question. " You all know that our very existence depends upon our navy; we cannot become a second rate power, we must be what we are, or perish out of the face of the world." No wonder these words were received with great applause, expressing, as they do, the embodiment of the public spirit and national honour. The honourable member went rather too far, however, when he said that he left the decision of this important point to the care of the Prime Minister. It is too much responsi bility for any one man to take upon himself, and the fitting answer should come from the House of Commons. He then passed on to America, and made some pertinent remarks on the question. He said that " we have the goodwill of the Southern States, but have failed to gain the goodwill of the Northern States. They have been indulging in language which, had it been used by a State in Europe, would undoubtedly have brought about long before this an interruption of diplomatic relations between the two Powers." He then al. luded to Mexico and the lonian Islands, of which latter he said that the lonian Islands were entrusted tons "not merely as a feather in the English Crown' but as a means of enabling England to maintain that naval dominion which is not necessary to the life and honour of England, but to the honour and safety of Europe." He said that if Government found that this State was not necessary as a naval and military station, he for one should support the Cession, and be glad to do so, to save something from the national expenditure. Altogether Mr. KING LAKE'S speech is much to be recommended for its general tone and spirit, and is a fair and faithful representation of the sentiment of the country. There is an animation throughout it that arrests attention and carries one irresistibly along. We may hope soon to see Mr. KINGLAKE leave retro spection for actuality, and carry out in the exciting events of the session the bold principles and daring spirit which he has evidenced in this glimpse of the past. At a recent meeting of the Geographical Society the President, Sir RODERICK MURCHISON, read an interesting letter which he had just received from Dr. LIVINGSTONE, the distinguished African tilt• yeller, in which he relates his ascent of the Rovuma river, which is situated some eleven de- Igrees south of the equator, on the west coast of Africa. He describes the river as navigable for boats for some hundred and fifty miles , during the wet season ; th e country as h ea lthy I and cultivated in many parts, the inhabitants scanty, but in general friendly. In fact, their fear of strangers arose from the suspi cion that they were man-hunters, and dreading personal capture, they in many in stances fled, leaving their store of grain unprotected. It is many years now since Dr. LIVINGSTONE first set foot on the continent of Africa in the capacity of a Missionary. His experience soon taught him that the great obstacle to the propagation of Christianity was not the want of understanding in s widespreadtat e and f e rooted c omm su u p n i e try stitions, but the de the natives, nor any sin or a l ised T their rude way the Africans which the introduction of a foreign slave trade had greatly augmented. ...n only, whether was carried on amongst themselves had always been inclined to commerce, but while it they bartered slaves or shells, it ma ttered little. Slavery w ith t h em was , as the Southerne rs would call it, a domestic institution, and was regulated by c national tavas. B u t w h en th e w hite man came t o barter unknown am: wondersover t in ern. exchangeih, valueloi . liou of a . n il flesh, a change individual was considerable, and to pr the market continual petty we r o ~v i d In e stock a in t a i fur n ed wars . The inland tribes sent down th • • • their criminals and sold them, thus turning them to profit, and not killing them. All this rendered it very difficult I for Europeans to penetrate into the interior of Africa. Moreover, the unhealthy climate of the western coast was described with all the exaggera tion likely to result from a trade which led tilt:, merchants into the most insalubrious localities. Under such circumstances it appeared clear to Dr. LIVINGSTONE that before the Gospel could be preached with success confidence must he estab lished with the natives, and from his knowledge of their character he saw clearly that the true THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JANUARY 15, 1863 _ road to that end lay through their commercial ten- ving them interest in gi 1 dencies, by opening up tions with the interior, anti dircet commu nic a tradincr with, the white man in the produce of the soil. With this object he has been - prosecuting , his explorations into the hitherto unknown interior. By prudence, mo deration, and firmness, he has made great a dvances in humanisin g the natives, and has found that notwithstanding that malaria hovers on the coast, the interior is in most parts healthy, and that the soil is fertile, Mr. Du CHAILLII in his interestit g book upon the Gorilla, 1 describes the country north of the Line as equally healthy, but naturally objects to the cannibalism of some of the tribes. On the eastern coast, again, we have accounts of a fertile country. In fact, the old myth that the interior of Africa was one vast desert is now exploded. Ancient geographers seem to have acted on the principle ascribed to ADAM in the nomenclature of the human race, who, when he had exhausted all the names he could think of, and getting tired of the task, cut it short by exclaiming, "Let all the rest be called SMITH." So did they, when they had jotted down the scanty surveys of the coast, mark the un known interior as Sand. Now that the real nature of the country is known, is it not our duty to turn the interior of this vast continent to account ? Already have we made vast advances in Southern Africa. The French are doing their best in Algeria. But the fertile centre, south of the dread Sahara, is as yet unoccupied. Here is a chance not to be ne glected. Vast tracts of land are available for _the cultivation of cotton, many are the spots on the coast which might be improved by convict labour. There are rivers to deepen, roads to make, and land to be cleared. Here is a new field of enterprise open to the garotters, if not quite so pleasant it will be at least more useful. Why should we seek cotton from Eastern Asia, when it could be prucured from a country so much nearer home ? Why should we interfere with the produce of India, required to a great extent by its own inha bitants, when The savage wilds of Africa could produce what we require. And, above all, why should we be dependent upon a foreign nation for a staple which is necessary to the existence of our la bouring classes ? Let the Manchester School preach as they please. Let reckless Mr. BRIGHT speeehify with all his misapplied eloquence to the contrary. The distress in Lancashire could have been miti gated, if not averted, laud those who made fortunes by its manufacture paid proper attention to procure a sure supply of cotton. War between England and America has been threatened on many occa sions, in which case even the smuggled cargoes which have reached our markets would not have been forthcoming. But with this fact patent to all, because slave-grown cotton was cheaper than any other, they refused to go to any expense to pro mote a supply for the day of privation. The blow has now fallen, but, "alas ! not on the heads of those who deserved it, they have made fortunes by it, but on the unfor tunate operatives who had no hand in the matter. The wrong has been done, and the punishment has followed; what is past cannot be recalled, but it should act as a warn ing for the future. Our Government will be held responsible by the nation, if it use not its best en deavours to open a new field for TRANSPORTA -1 TION, EMIGRATION, and COTTON CULTURE. England has just cause to be proud of her cha rities. They include all ranks and classes of the afflicted, the ignorant, the incapable, and even the criminal. They extend their beneficent influence to the shipwrecked sailor and the desolate stranger from foreign shores, to the aged who can no longer help themselves, and the youthful vagrant who is being trained to crime. None of them have, how ever, a greater or more earnest claim on the sym pathy and attention of the philanthropist than that class of institutions which devotes itself to the practical maintenance and education of the young. It is a task whose importance can hardly be over estimated, since on the early teaching and starting of the young in an honest career the whole of their subsequent life depends. When our orphan asylums and charitable schools appeal for help they are therefore asking us to assist in the formation of honest citizens, to aid in increasing our thriving commercial classes, instead of adding to the numbers of our poor, our discontented, or even our criminal population. It is like sowing acorns of which the next generation will reap the advantage. It is work done for posterity, and we may be sure that no great undertakings, no vast administrative schemes, will have such a sub stantial and enduring claim on their gratitude, as having added a band of well-informed, well trained, industrious men and women to their popu lation. The British Orphan Asylum, which held its annual meeting for receiving reports and elect ing directors a few days since, is a well-known and old-established charity. No class of desolate chil dren excites more ready sympathy than orphans deprived of their natural protectors and le't to de pend on strangers for the chance of education and future livelihood. A well conducted asylum, which receives such little fatherless ones, clothes, feeds, and teaches them, assists them in procuring respectable employment, and gives them an occasional word of friendly encouragement in their after life is indeed a haven of refuge. The number received in this institution is by no means inconsidentble, 27 children having been admitted during the past year, 20 by election, au A 7 by pur chase, making the number of pupils at the Christ mas examinations, 134-80 boys and 54 girls. A recent important change in the establishment has taken place by its removal from its former locality at Clapham Rise to the present larger and more salubrious site at Slough. In connection with this removal an interesting fact was mentioned at the meeting which does honour to one of our leading firms. It was remarked that after due deliberation on the necessity of the change, the salubrity and accessibility of Stough, and the suitability and convenience of the building and grounds for disposal there, a resolution was unanimously passed authorising the directors to secure the pre mises on the eligible 'terms offered, and to raise the necessary amount for their purchase without delay. Upon this conclusion being arrived at, the treasurer, R. S. THORNTON, Esq., a gentleman whose ❑ame has for many years been well known and honoured in connection with this Institution, immediately offered that kis firm, Messrs. WILLIAMS, DEACON, sing Co., the eminent bankers, should at once ad. vance tic; money, so as to secure prompt possession bwyasthime immediately done, k e ci d ds . Such an act of t(oll(i f j ' en t te i r ::: lnis d ef 2 : s ru ir n a l23a b po le fpi r i : y z a3 p co e co r o t im y: d . pvluisn i tic ' both sides. An appeal is made genero sity is worthy of England's merchant princes, 1/.lcl reflects honour on ,'or ci further 1 asb g th is e ta c n o c s of et to com plete th:. good work, the necessary alterations, 3 ',e• Numerous contributions for this purpose have BV w ith the sorrows GI been a l ready received, among them a donation of muc 11" from her M AIESTY , w ho has unhapp il y too, h c :', e , to f eel orphanhood. ` A r e cannot doubt that this npf ), •f o will be warml y and readily responded to, r.nd trice' that the instituti on may continue to flourish in xmpathy manner worthy of its otjects and or the public spirit of its managers. , 4. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. SPAIN. MADRID, JAN. 14. The feeasury BOTIC S which became due at the beginning of the present year have been paid by the Government. A Bill will shortly be submitted to the Congress by which the government of the colonies will be assimilated to the home administration. It is still believed that a modification of the Ministry will take place. TEE DIPLOMATIC NEGOTIATIONS. PARIS, JAN. 14. Diplomatic documents have published here to-day containing despatches xelienged between M. Drouyn de Lhuys and the French ambassador at Rome, relating to representations made by the latter to the Pope and Cardinal Antonelli upon the necessity of granting reforms. Another despatch of M. Drouyn do Lhuys, dated Dec. 20, states that England had proposed to the Pope to withdraw to Malta, and mentions that, in an interview with Monsignor Chigi, M. Drouyn de Lhuys had expressed a hope that in the event, which he tiusted might never happen, of the Pope being compelled to leave Italy, his Holiness would retire to France in preference to England. Further despatches of M. Drouyn do Lhuys, dated Dec. 26 and Jan, 1, point out complaint made by England of armaments going on at Rome, as 600 Austrians and Bavarians had beer.. sent from that city into the Neapolitan provinces in uniforms much resembling those worn by French troops. A despatch of Prince Latour-d'Auvergne states that, having made inquiries, ho believes himself justified in denying the statement that these 600 Bavarians and Austrians had been sent from Rome. M. Drouyn de Lhuys in another despatch replies to the' complaint made by England that the pre sence of the ex-King of Naples, Francis 11., en courages brigandage in Naples, by expressing his regret that Francis 11. persisted in remaining at Rome. He adds, that the French Government has not hesitated to express its opinion upon this sub ject to :the ex-King, but the English Cabinet will understand that France cannot use the authority she possesses in Rome to bring about the compul sory removal of the ex •King, which she desires to effect by persuasion only. A despatch of Prince Latour d'Auvergne, of Dec. 27, states that Mr. Odo Russell during the Christ mas fetes renewed his proposal to the Pope to leave Rome, expressing regret that the offer of England had not been accepted, and adding that he had rea son to believe his Holiness would very shortly find himself necessitated to profit by it. A despatch of M. de Sartig; s, the French Ambas sador at Turin, to M. Drouyn de Lhuys, upon the 25th December, states that he has had an interview with Signor Pasolini respecting the declaration of the Upinione, that no agreement was possible be tween France denying Rome to the Italians, and Italy unalterably bent upon requiring Rome. Signor Pasolini replied that no journal was en titled to speak in the name of Italy, and observed that for the present the question of Rome must be laid aside, although the new ministry partook the opinion of the country that Rome was the natural capital of Italy. The programme of the present cabinet only differed from that of its predecessor in abstaining from making fresh overtures to the French Government, which believed itself unable to nego tiate upon the basis of Rome for the Italians. M. de Sartiges replied that such words were a veritable non possumus. Signor Pasolini thought this interpretation too stringent, adding that when the ministers believed it possible they would resume negotiations with the Government of the Emperor. Both he and Signor Faiini expressed t . - eir determination to go hand-in hand with the French Government. One fact may be considered as certain, that a pause has been produced in the progress of the Roman question. Opening of the Prussian Chambers. THE KING'S SPEECtI. BERLIN, lAN. 14. The Prussian Chambers a ere opened to-day in the name of the King by the President of the Coun cil, Herr von Bismark-Schonhausen. The speech from the throne commenced by ex pressing the desire of his Majesty that a durable understanding may be arrived at in the questions which had remained unsolved in the preceding ses sion. This understanding would be obtained as soon as the constitution shall be taken as the basis for the position of the representative of the people, and when the legislative authorities mutually respect their constitutional rights. The speech proceeded to state that the financial condition of the country was perfectly satisfactory, the revenue having exceeded the estimAed income of the past year, and covering expenditures, even including all extraordinary outlay. The Government will lay before the Chambers a communication in reference to the revenue and ex penditure of 1862, and will ask for the sanction of those expenses incurred without their previous con currence. The Government will also submit the modified budget for 1863 and the budget for 1864, and will further propose an alteration in the law on military service of the 3d of September, 1814. The minis ters are unanimous in abiding by the project of re organisation of the army, and desire that it should be forthwith determined by the legal settlement of the expenditure. The speech then stated that on the anniversary of the appeal made by the King of Prussia to the people in 1813, a bill will be submitted to the Cham bers for granting assistance to such survivors of that glorious period as are in need. The Government is firmly resolved not to post pone the advantage of the commercial treaty with France longer than the continuance of the present Zollverein treaties. The speech also announced bills upon questions of local interest and special legal reforms, and then continued : " Our relations with foreign powers are gene rally satisfactory. The expectations that a regular constitutional Government should be established in Electoral Hesse has been only temporarily dis turbed. The proposals made in the Federal Diet, in consequence of certain identical notes, owe their bearing in point of principle upon the position of Prussia in her relations to the Federal Diet less to their actual contents than to their interpretation of Federal treaties. Prussia is also convinced that the Federal constitution of ISIS no loner corresponds to the altered conditions of the present day; but the Government of the King is above all inspired with the duty of conscientiously respecting existing treaties, and is determined to make thorough re ciprocity in the observance of the obligation a pre liminary condition for their continuance." A BENEVOLENT GIFT.—Some time ago a lady, Mrs. Mary Hartley, of Exeter, zealously collected upwards of £3OO to pay the cost of a lifeboat, which she afterwards handed to the National Lifeboat Institution. The society decided to call the boat after Mrs. Hartley, and to place it on a dangerous point at the mouth of the Tay, near Dundee. It is satisfactory to find that during a gale of wind and a heavy surf, a few days since,. the Mary Hartley lifeboat was the means of saving the crew of three men from the Ketch Keuha, of Berwick, which had sunk on Abertay sand bank, at the mouth of the Tay, and after wards became a total wreck. We may here add a list of the lives saved from shipwreck by some of the lifeboats of the National Lifeboat Institution during the past quarter: —Lifeboat at Whitby saved 12 men ; Hauxley, 4 ; Thorpe ness, 8 ; Rye, and other boats, 18 men and vessel ; Teign mouth, 2; Plymouth, lifeboat and steam tug, 6 men and vessel ; Padstow, 4 ; Bude Haven, 3; Brampton, 20 ; Porthcawl, 10 ; Cardigan, 3 ; Southport, 4 ; Lytham, 32 men and one vessel ; Kirkcudbright, 3 men and vessel, Thurso, 3 ; and Buddon Ness (Dundee), 8 men and one vessel —making a total of 136 men and 6 vessels saved. Altogether 358 lives were saved by the lifeboats of the in stitution during the year which has just closed. A WORD ABOUT MOBS.—!'he secret of the un premeditated character of a mob's movements, which changes quickly from rage to laughter, and back again, lies in the loss of individual responsibility felt by those who compose it. Each member yields to the licence of conceal ment, and follows the last whim ; sometimes his neigh bour's, sometimes his own, A quick definite proposal is caught in a moment. One is ready for anything, having nothing ready himself. A gentleman, once, being mobbed, and in danger, cried out, " A guinea for whoever will take my side." " Here you are, sir," cried a fellow. " Hit him boys," retorted the briber; "hit him boys I he's 4 traitor* " "Hurrah I" shouted the mo b , and their tim off, to thrash the substitute thus cleverly lied. A if delivered grin, a wink, will t urn a mob, supplied. at some happy pause; but woo betide the man who loses his temper, or attempts to argue with such an audience. It is Dad enough to be proved wrong when you me alone, and have to think of the consequences of a rejoinder, but when you are lost in a crowd, and are only —a voice--conviction is intolerable. Unanswerable logic must be bonneted at once, - i ‘ f sternly and correctly urged.,—Once a Week. President Lincoln's Proclamation. The following is the new Emancipation Procla mation issued by President Lincoln at the com mencement of the present year : WASHINGTON, THI7RSDAY, Jan. 1, 1863. BY THE PRE IDEN 12 OF THE UNITED S rATE6 OF A \JERI A.—A PROCLAMATION. Whereas, on the 22d day of September, in the year of our Lord 1862, a proclamation was issued by the President of the United States, containing among other things the following, to wit : That on the Ist day of January, in the rear of our Lord 1863, all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall there he in rebe lion, against, the United States, shall be then, thenceforth, and for ever free; and the Executive Government of the United States, including the military and naval authority thereof', will recognise and maintain the freedom of such persons, and wilt do no act or acts to repress such persons, or any of them in any effert they may make for their actual freedom; that the Executive will, on the Ist day of January aforesaid, by proclamation, designate the States and parts of States, if any, in which the people therein, r€ spec tively, shall then bo in rebellion against the United States; and the fact that any State or the people thereof, shall on that day be in good faith repre sented in the Congress of the United States by mem bers chosen thereto at elections wherein a majority of the qualified voters of such States shall have par ticipated, shall in the absence of strong countervail ing testimony, be deemed conclusive evidence that such State and the people thereof are not then in rebellion against the United States. Now, therefore, I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, by virtue of the power in rue vested, as Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States in tisie of actual armed rebellion against the authority and government of the United States, and as a fit and necessary war measure for suppressing said rebellion, do, on this first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, and in accordance with my purpose so to do, publicly pro claim for the full period of one hundred days from the day of the first above-mentioned order, and de signate as the States and parts of States wherein the people thereof respectively are this day in rebel lion against the United States the following, to wit : Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana—except the parishes of St. Bernard, Picquemines, Jefferson, St. John, St. Charles, St. James, Ascension, Assumption, Terre Bonne, Lafourche, St. Mary, St. Martin, and Orleans, including the city of New Orleans; Mis sissippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Caro lina, North Carolina, and Virginia —except the forty-eight counties designated as West Virginia, and also the counties of Bezkley, Accomac, Not th - ampton, Elizabeth City, York, Princess Ann, and Norfolk, including the cities of Norfolk and Ports mouth, and which excepted parts are for the pre sent left precisely as if this proclamation were not issued. And by virtue of the power and for the purpose aforesaid, I do aver and declare that all persons held as slaves within said designated States and Parts of States are, and henceforward shall be free, and that the Executive Government of the United States, including the military and naval uthorities thereof, will recognise and maintain the freedom of said persons, And I hereby enjoin upon the people so declared to be free to abNtain from all violence unless in necessary self-defence, and I recommend to them that in all cases, when allowed, they labour faith fully for reasonable -wages. And I further declare and make known that such persons of suitable condition will be received into the armed service of the United States, to garrison forts, positions, stations, and other places, and to man vessels of all sorts in said service. And, upon this—sincerely believed to be an act of justice, warranted by the constitution—upon, military necessity—l invoke the considerate judg ment of mankind and the gracious favour of Almighty God. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. Done at the City of Washington this Ist [Seal] day of January, i n t h e year o f our Lord 1863, and of the independence of the United States of America the 87th. (Signed) ABRAHAM LINCOLN. By the President, WM. H. SEWARD, Secretary of State, FRANCE. Le Siecle sums up the opinions of the Paris jour nals on the opening of the Chambers, and remarks that on such occasions the reflections are seldom lengthened. According to the Opinion Nationale the speech is merely a retrospect, the testament of a period which terminates with the opening of the session. Mexico is simply mentioned with China and Cochin China as one of those countries where the affronts offered to the honour of France cannot remain unpunished. No allusion is made to the length, the issue, the practical object of this costly expedition. With regard to Italy only the past is referred to, with not a word as to the future. The delight of the Constitutionnel knows no bounds and its expressions of satisfaction have aroused the indignation of Le Temps, which asks, what would become of a country where there was only one paper, and that so optimist as to catch the words fallen from the throne. La Patrie remarks the great reserve which is apparent in the Imperial speech, especially in regard to Italy. The Journal des Debate confines itself to considering the speech in reference to the situation of the empire, and draws from thence a pacific tone of mine'. The Pays, the France, and the .Nation allude especially to the electoral ques tion. La France especially eitrsots the phrase re bating to the Pope and Italy. The Nationale dreads the presentation of new canditates at the elections, who may appear animated by the same principles as the others, but turn out eventually to be un friendly towards the present rtate of things. The Union wishes to impose upon France the obliga gation of sustaining the Pope for ever. The Moniteur publishes a decree which authorises the Chamber of Commerce of Boulogne-sur-Mer to establish a general warehouse and a room for public sales. The galleries of the Louvre were reopened yesterday to artists and to visitors. The crowds of all kinds has been so great in the Boulevards that they have had to place detachments of sergeants-de-villa in :the centre of the crossings and at the meeting of 'the great public thorcughfares to protect the foot pas sengers from injury. The sum of 2,000 francs has been sent by the order of advocates of the Imperial Court of France to the office of the Moniteur for the ly_nefit of the distressed cotton workers of La Seine Intel it ure. BOURSE, Jon. 14.—The market has been again heavy, and prices show a further slight decline. Threes, for the Account, being now at 70fr. sc. The Railway Share Market has been also dull, and some of the lines a trifle lower. The market closed as follows : it per Cents. . 98 25 Do. end Bank Shares 330 Credit 1 oncier 1415 Piedmontese Fives -- Italian Loan 69 95 Russian Austrian .. B3 Spanish Threes 52 Home Debt 3 per Cents Do. end month 7O New 3 per Cepts Do. end month.... Credit M0bi1ier....1127 50 Co, end m0nth....1132 50 RAIL' rAYS. Cash. Account. Orlear r ICB2 50 .. 1082 50 N ortb.ern New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 1175 .. 1177 60 Geneva.. Southern Western Eastern ~•• Sardinian Austrian I.orebard North of Spain Saragossa 660 .. 657 50 Ditto to Barcelona GARIBALDI AND ROME. The following is the text of the reply of General Garibaldi to the letter from the Roman Garibaldi Committee, requesting him to accept the presidency of that committee :—" Pisa,Dec.22.—Dear Friends, —I accept with gratitude and confidence the presi dentship of your political committee. Where the sun of liberty does not shine—where the priest maintains the darkness of ignorance and supersti tion—where the power of the stranger keeps alive a doomed idol, by lending it a sword, already stained with the brood of one nation, to strike to death another—there, it is necessary that a great organised force should work in unity for its liberty, its independence, and its civilisation. The fears and base counsels of c orrupt men render the intellect weak, the heart weaker, and base and despicable the labour of life. Listen to them no longer. It concerns your honour, and the existence of the whole nation. So long as you are not able to m,ke yourselves respected, diplomcey will despise you. You despise it first, and its charm is gone. Diplomatists, depend on this, are the offsprings of lies an d the nurselin g s of trea chery. Romans, demand your liberty of yourselves alone, and you will obtain it. Dare; do; and have faith. Let us work together as the miners in the bowels of the earth. To-day we shall have stones and rocks ; to-morrow, metal. To-day the work of preparation ; to-morrow the open struggle and victory. If you are wanting in courage, go down among your ruin- a among your tombs, and in the millet of your dead you will find it. Touch the dust of Spartacus, of Brutus, and it a hundred others who have illustrated t he p a ges of your history. Interrogate the past ; tw o e pochs of civilisation will answer you. Trust to t h e present ; twenty-nine millions of brothers are bound to help you; and they will help you. I shall be with you as in the glorious days of '49. Yes, glorious days ! Wo were all. Italians, who were defending our hearths,' our land and laws from foreign invasion ; and I say it with pride, with the consciousness of truth, that the honour of Italy came forth unstained from the trial.—Yours, GARIBALDI. THE ENGLISH GOVERNMENT AND THE POPE.— The Europe, of Frankfort, relates the following strange story, which, however, it declares to have received from a reliable source :—" Three weeks back Mr. Odo Russell, having demanded an audience of the Pope, read to his Holiness a confidential despatch from Earl Russell, in which the English Minister proposed to his Holiness, in the interest of the Roman Catholic Church and of the secu rity of Italy, to retire with the Roman Court to Malta, to there await a favourable moment for returning to Rome in entire security, after obtaining all the guarantees desirable from the ,talian Government. With that view Earl Rus sell placed the palace of the Governor of Malta at the dis posal of the Pope. His Holiness confined himself to replying that he did not think he failed in modesty in considering himself as more competent than the noble earl to appreciate the interests of the Catholic Church, and that ho believed it to be his duty to await near the tomb of the Apostles the ulterior decrees of Divine Pro vidence." ACCIDENT TO THE EARL OF ELLENBOROUGH.— Ou Monday afternoon, as Lord Ellenborough was leaving a shop in the Clarence-parade, Cheltenham, to en ter his carriage, his loot slipped, and he fell heavily on the pavement, his temple corning on the flag -stone. A wound was inflicted, from which the blood flowed freely: but his lordship d ec li n i ng the assistance proffered by the bystanders, simpy call e d f or a cloth to stay the bleeding, and ordered his coachman to drive home to his mansion at Southam. We are happy to say that no serious results are apprehended. ANOTHER LADY BURNT To DEATlL—Yesterday Mr. William P epe, th e City coroner, held an in quiry at St, Barth o l oznew ' s Hosp i tal, respecting the death of Mrs. Elizabeth M'E wen, sged d 4, who lost her life on hunday last, und er th e tollewini, shocking circumstances: —lt appeared from the evidence ' that the deceased resided at Nicholas Cottage, Liverpool-road, and that on Sunday last, while passing behind the back of the chair of a friend who was dining with the family, her dress caught fire at the bars of the grate. Not being aware of the fact, however, she sat down, and all her under-garments were burning before any one knew what was the matter. A sudden draught cau se d h er clothes to burst into a inasl of flame, and the unfo r t unate deceased was roost f r i g h t f u lly burnt over her wh o l e b ody before the burning mass cou ld be extingui , hed. She was immediately conveyed to the hospital, where everything possible was done for her relief, but she died in a few hours. A verdiot of accidental death was returned, THE AL ABAN4, A very erroneous impression has been created by a communication in the Scotsman in reference to this celebrated vessel. She was built by Messrs. Laird Brothers, of the Birkenhead Ironworks, by whom also her engines of 300 horse power nominal, were designed and constructed. She was the 290 ship built by Messrs. Laird; and, as her proper name had not been fixed on up to the time of her leaving the Mersey, she was only known as the 290 It is stated in the Scotsman that the 290 neglected to return to Birkenhead, but steamed directly for the island in the Atlantic where she was to take in her guns, ammunition, &c." The facts are stated, on the authority of one of her late officers, to be as follow :—On the 29th of July last the 290, with a party of ladies and gentlemen on board, left her anchorage, and spent the day, till 3 p.m., in cruising about the bay of Liverpool, when the passengers were put on board the tender, and the vessel proceeded to Moelfra Bay, otose to where the Royal Charter was lost, where she anchored at 1 p.m. The next day she spent in securing every thing for sea, A tug arrive& at 6 p.m. with a lot of men to complete the crew, and from that time till 2.30 a.m. of Thursday (July 31) was occupied in shipping the crew, &c. As soon as this was com pleted the 290 steamed off, at the rate of 14 knots an hour, round the north coast of Ireland, arriving at her destination, Porto Praya bay, Island of Ter ceira, on Sunday, August 10, making a run of ten days, not eight, as the Scotsman has it. The com mander of the 290 was Capt. Matthew J.-Butcher, R.N.R., who was the only person who , appeared in any of the ship's buoiness to others than the builders. Again, it is said " the 290 had a set of English papers and other presumptive proofs of her neutra lity, in the face of which it might have been diffi cult for her captor to have acted." So far is this from being a fact that the 290 had no papers what ever, having left without the formality of clearing at the Custon3s. This celebrated vessel will " give a good account of herself" if she is overhauled by any of the United States ships of . war. She has proved herself, whether under sail or steam, as a marvel of marine architecture ; but that is only what one would expect to find from the fame so justly achieved by her builders. One of the pluckiest things ever done was the remove! of the Ariel's valve, thus rendering the ship entirely at the mercy of her captor. We may state that the Arid was built by Commodore Vanderbilt as a yacht, and in her he came over to England, and subse quently visited Russia. She is sister ship to the Vanderbilt, and the two vessels were considered the fastest steamers in the United States' mercantile marine. The ruse with which the Ariel was over hauled show that the Alabama is a splendid craft. We ought to state that the officers and crew of this famous " Secesh" warship are not, as has been re presented," the scum of the earth." The officers are, many of them, accomplished gentlemen, and from previous experience well up to their work as naval officers, while the crew consist part of old man-of-war's men and men who have served in the Royal Naval Reserve. The Alabama is supplied with coal by a regular relay of ships, which take : out, under inspection, the very best Welsh steam coal.—Liverpool Daily Post. RUNNING OF THE BLOCKADE BY THE STEAMER GlRAFFE.—llefluite intelligence has been received that this splendid paddle steamship, so well known at this port, has succeeded in evading the Federal cruisers which were specially on the look out for her, and in reaching Charleston. She shipped in the Clyde a lull and moat valu able cargo, comprised entirely of anicles suitable to the exi gencies of the Confederates. Her run across the Atlantic was, as had been anticipated, very rapid. No craft in the b ockading squadron would have any chance with the Giraff.'? 4 chase; and it is not unlikely that her return venture will be as well managed and profitable as waa her outward.--Belfast !VOWS Litter, THE GOLD FIELDS OF AUSTRALIA. We take the fillowing account of the goldfields from the Argus of the 25th Novanber "The shipments of gold still show a falling off, and there is now no chance of the amount reaching the quantity pro duced by the miners during last year. The difference will not be very great, still there will be a deficiency, which we cannot expect to see made up curing the few weeks remain ing, and under circumstances anything but favourable. A want of water is becoming very general on the goldfields, and many of the puddlers have been obliged thus early to leaves their machines and claims till the rainy season comes round again. While water is plentiful a great extent of ground can be worked with prefix which is quite valueless without, and there is now 1, ttle chance of the supplies being renewed for six months at the least. This failure of the water so early in the summer is a serious matter, tending to increase the crowd of idlers at all new rushes, and preventing many with claims too goad to be abandoned from realising any thing from these, and so obliging them to incur debts dur ing the months of idleness, which it takes half the working period of the year to clear them from. The importance of a copious water supply has long been allowed, and every sum mer brings about a fresh discussion on the subject; but even the most comprehensive scheme that can be devised would be of benefit to but a limited tract of country, and the reser voirs that have been constructed at the public expense are of use to only a few miners; so the evil continues this year,, however, to be felt more severely than for some years past,. Besides the numbers driven away from the older fields, 'the want of water at our last great rush, Landsborough, is driving many away from there, and they have no fresh places of any extent to go to. Later rushes there have been, but none likely to assume large proportions ; so the miners have mostly to betake themselves to old ground,. where the essential element of water is still to be found,, and live there as best they may until something better turns up. The yield of gold at Landsborough has not heat great in proportion to the population, the great majority of claims giving but a moderate return, and none being very rich. The goldfields on the Gipps Land side of the Divid ing Range have been extending but slowly of late, and none of the diggings since opened are equal to those at the Jordan, or Donnelly's Creek. However, there is still very much of the country to be explored, and the summer is not likely to pass over without further discoveries of consequence being made. In the well-known Talbot district, there is now much activity in following up leads which were thought little of a few months since, but have quite restored the prosperity of that district, and in the Ararat district several lost leads have been found again, under circum stances which go far to prove that there is still much gold to be taken out of them. It used to be the custom with alt but the regular deep. sinkers to leave ground in which water became troublesome, but now the value of pumping gear is becoming better understoo t, and the formation of companies to lease ground where valuable runs of gold have been left solely for the reason stated will be the means of giving re newed life to many of the once favourite diggings, as has already happened in certain instances, Still, with such a number of men thrown out of employ meat all at once by the failure of the water supplies more room is required, and it is to be hped that new fields of some extent may shortly be opened, to absorb and settle down those who are thus cast adrift, or too many of them will be running away to New' South Wales or New Zealand if the least excuse offers. " The owners of crushing-mills are not et suffering front a want of water, and the quantity of stone disposed of by them has most probably been as great as usual ; but the large yields from quartz have been few, The Pyrenees Reef used to give the richest stone in small quantities,but the first place must now be accorded to the Acadia Reef, near Dunolly, three tons from which produced 911cz., besides almost equally good yields having been Wotained from smaller quantities taken out of different claims thereon. It may not, perhaps, be quite correct to call this a reef as yet, for only small leaders have been found, but some of these are very rich. The last yield announced from the Pyrenees Reef was 100 oz. 53wts. from five tons of stone. Nor are the Inglewood Reefs keeping up their old character, the yields lately obtained from most of them having been compa ratively small. Mariners' Reef,in the Maryborough district, has become famous for the depth to which shafts have been sunk on it ; a lot of 100 tons of stone raised from a depth of 550 in one of the claims on it produced 6530 z , a yield not calculated to excite much fear of the gold failing for a while yet, even at that depth. We do not receive particulars of all the parcels of stone crushed in the Bendigo district, some of the claimholders wishing to keep the secret of their suc-. cesses to themselves; and the only remarkable yields an nounced were from a small lot out of the Exhibition Reef, 4 tons producing 103 oz 2 dwt, and another loe of 34 tons, from Wallace's Reef; which produced 130 oz. The Ajax company, in the Castlemaine district, who did so much to promote the working of reefs in that district when this interest was at a very low ebb, have not been so fortunate of late, their best week's work during the last month giv ing them 244 oz 7 dwt from 120 tons, and the next best week 121 oz, from 100 tons, the other crushings having averaged less than an ounce to the ton. A. lot of four tons from another part of the same reef yielded 30 oz, and 21 tons out ola third claim 63 oz. We had before to mention the finding of a rich vein on the Vineyard Reef, in this district, and 21 tons since raised from it produced 2,8 oz. There has been a great improvement in the yield from some of the reefs in the Ovens district, large lots of stone from these producing from two to three oz to the ten. But perhaps the richest reefs of all are those among the mountains, on which little work has been done as yet, in the absence of anything like efficient machinery. A rude mill has been erected by the owner of a claim on the Upper Goulburn Reef, and the yield from 165 tons lately put through it was 1,734 oz, much of the gold being probably allowed to go to waste at the time. Excepting the settlement of one long-standing lawsuit and the commencement of others, nothing new has occurred among the Ballarat companies, which have scarcely had such large dividends as usual during the last few weeks, but these must be expected to fluctuate, as the men are on rich or poor portions of the leads ; nor • have the nuggets found during the month been many or remarkable for size. 'the neighbourhood of Dunolly is always the most produc tive of these, and the three largest found there weighed re spectively 57, 30, and 21 ozs. One found near Mount Moliagul weighed 320 z. 3dwt., and at Tarnagalla some Chinese turned up in old ground a piece of quartz of no great size, which contained 48 ounces of gold, finding be sides a nugget of pure gold weighing 19 ounces. A nest of five was also hit upon by one of the companies in the Bal larat district, and these weighed respectively 5,9, 16, 30, and 50 ounces, or 110 ounces in all." Royal Institute of British Architects. - An ordinary meeting of the members of this institute was held on Monday evening —Mr. Tite in the chair--when a paper was read by Mr. Tayor " On Building and Sanitary At rangements." The arrangements proposed by Mr. Taylor are of an eminently practical kind for promoting comfort and preserving health in all dwellings, whether of the rich or poor, by keeping out damp, by improving ventilation, and preventing chimneys from smoking. His attention was principally directed to keeping houses dry, by preventing the entrance of water through either of three sources by which it geerally finds access, viz., by rising from the ground, by penetrating the walls, or by descending through the roof. The usual methods adopted of preventing the ascent of damp from the ground by laying a course of sheet lead or slates has been found very inefficient, for Mr, Taylor observed that through any hole or crack in the lead and at the junc tion of the slates the moisture will ascend through the mortar The plan he had adopted, which has been found an effec tual preventive of the rising of moisture from the ground, is to lay a course of bricks made of earthenware that is im pervious to wet, which bricks are perforated with holes ho rizontally to admit air under the rafters and prevent dry rot. For the protection of houses from the effects of drifting rain, he introduces a facing of bricks made of terra ciatta, so formed as to have air spaces in the walls, and to, give them greater rigidity. The interior of houses du's con structed are so free from damp that the walls tray be pa" putt]. soon after they are built, without any risk of injury to the most delicate colours. Mr. Taylor mentioned, as illustrations of the advantages attending this method of building, that in nine houses erected together, those in: which his piriti had lteta adopted were quite free from mois ture, whilst the walls of the other- houses were so damp that the papers were completely spoiled. With respect to the best method of protecting the houses from. descending rain, he considered that tiles are far preferabl e to slates, but their greater weight have hitherto prevented their general adop thin, He has, however; contrived a form of tile which is equally lightas slate, and the tiles are so constructed as to prevent snow or rain from being blown through the crevices. He also exhibited specimens of earthenware ridges for the roofs of houses, and of flat tiles adopted for the tops of walls, which he considered would effectually keep out the rain. Mr. Taylor's arrangements for improving domestic architecture are, indeed, all based on an extended use of tiles and terra cotta, numerois adaptations of which to suit various pur posesornamentaler th e purp os es external externwael decoration the wat mth and ventilation of dwellings. A n ingenious kindof tile, with flanges, was also shown, i ntended to serve for rr ar tr a ib ti i o t n ed a , a in w c a lu n d a ina the flooring of houses for the peer, by which contrivance the surface of the floor is maintained level and more free from damp. Mr. Taylor then explained the operation of a new kind of fire place for economising fuel by burning the swore f tp,k.3 causing currents of warm air to enter a room from the fire-Mace, which is supplied with air externally, so as to prevent cold drafts from doors and windows. This paper was illustrated by a great variety of diagrams, and by speci mens of the manufactured articles to which Mr. Taylor re ferred. In . the short discussion which took place Mr. Jennings raised some objections to the plans on the ground of cot, and on the difficulty of carrying the arrangements into practice without skilled labour. Other memberi, however, including the chairman, thought they deserved the serious attention of architects, and all agreed in approving the plan of introducing a cour.-e of perforated earthenware bricks for the prevention of moistut e rising from the ground. Itnportiug Tea Without colour on the leaf pre vents the Chinese passing off inferior leaves as in the usual kinds. Ilorniman's Tea is uncoloured, therefore, always oocl alike. Sold in packets by 2,280 agents. IL