The Sun. — London, England, 1863-10-23 00:00:00

understood to disparage the strength of the Repub lican party, or to question the earnestness of their _____..---- zeal in the cause. The meeting of Satard y was (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) CINCINNATI, Onio, Oct. 7. merely intended for a fete, or, as they c it, "gala Oa Satardev last I ha d a curiosity to see . one of day." I ha ve no d ou b t some of their popular con tt-- greet monster meet in g s p reliminary to the elec- ventions h e ld i n ot h er p l aces ever e:i ch more to b tion of the Governor of the State of Onio, which is the purpose. That the Republicans lave the vast to take plece on the second Tuesday of this month, majority of their countrymen with them, and that the 13:h. they will have a crushing success at the poll on / heel attended not a few political reunions, in Tuesday next, I have little reason to question. olden times, on my first visit to the United States, There are 500 members at tho Cincinnati Stock in earliest youth , especially in the New England E xc h ange , an d 10 to 1 of them are stanch friends States, where I resided. I have a distinct rceollec- of the Government and Republicans to the back tion of caucases, conventions, and other party bone. The Enquirer is the only Democratic paper gatherings, where I had to force my way through a doing battle against the Gazette, the Commercia l , throng of closely-packed men, under the roof of and the Miles all Cinsinnati journals, wedded t to o E 37110 music hall, or Dissenting meeting-house, and the Republican interest, and tho proportion of two w here a stern, vinegar -faced slump orator was to one is observable in all the p ress of the holding forth before an audience fully as earnest, as State (80) Democratic against 180 or 200 Republican firm of purpose, as business ;like as himself. Those papers.) Wherever wealth, or even to a great extent uncouth and crabbed, but high-minded Yankees intelligence, is prevalent there you have the strong brought into politics not a littl e o f th e re li g ions h o ld of the Government party. Rich people here seriousness which characterised their old Puritan have been fattened by the war, and are for war a faith. Narrow•minded and fanatic they might be, touteance. Moat of the gaudy cars that were driven but they went to work with a sober determination, to the show of Saturday were got up at the expense with a steadiness of will which impressed the of contractors, railway companies, &c., to whom this 100 ter-on forcibly, an d comman d e d res p ec t. c i v il dissension has been for the last three years a Over more d_isin terested and honourable It was a very different kind of spectacle that I god send. was invited t o w it ness th e ot h er d a y. I w as driven citizens the idea of th e Union exercises a tyrannical scarcely allows them the use of th e i r rea the open c oun t ry , th e mere em b r y o o f a straggling sib miles out o f t own t o a place named Carthage, in sway, and son ing faculties. They are all ready to sacrifi ce th e village, a spot only famed for its racecourse, and a last drop of blood and the last dollar for the Union, very stat e ly coun ty l una ti c as yl u m. Few towns on and . they flatter themselves that they may b est o b. this side of the Atlantic boast a more charming tam their end by upholding the Go vernmen t , an d neighb our h oo d than Cincinnati. The wide circle of by crushing the South under the weight of an im rem em- mediate, general, and violent aboliti on o f s l avery. I t hills which encompass the city, and whi ch I her seei n g mantled with luxuriant gre en more than is of no use to represent to th em t h e utter impracti a quarter of a century ago, has, indeed, been cability, the dire ruthlessle ss , o f so sweep i ng a stripped of its original beau t y , quarries of good scheme. " Let the Union s t an d an d l et the worl d fa ll" building stone and clay for bricks have been found is their motto. Perhaps this determination to follow here and there, and the utilitarian people it looks have been the wa r t o "th e bitt er en d , " to dr i ve the South to cutting and grubbing ro und the place till despair, to reject all comp rom i se , ma y b e more f a tal bare and bleak, glaring and dusty, like the most to any chance of the res t ora ti on o f t h e U n i on th an a more humane and conciliatory course might be. But arid district in Prove nce or Palestine. Beyond the first hilly range, however,an the , landscape retains not th ey w ill li sten to no argument. They must have an so ft, original v erdant, character,d a little of its Union and emancipation, and the mere suggestion at Carthage, no less than at Clifton, Spring G rove, of a different policy, the mere exposition of demo and other favoured localities, nature, unscathed b 9 cratie views, is stigmatised as arrant treason. man's work, shows forth in her loveliest apparel. "We shall go through with it" is the clinching wa s bright and fresh at Carthage, as day s The day sentence of the fairest and most sincere Republicans usually are at the present season in this part of the when they are driven to their wits' end in the dis world, the gorgeous autumn tints peculiar to the cussion. They do not dissemble to themselves the North American continent flashed vividly in the by enormous coat, but they have unlimited faith in the suns hine, and the purity of the air, unsurpassed resources of their young community ; but, " when anything that can be seen in the most gifted Me- we have brought back the fourteen Southern States dit er ranean climates, filled the sou l w i t h irresistible we have brought back the fourteen Southern States to their allegiance," they say, " when we have gladness. triumphed over this secession of so vast a division The meeting of Saturday was intended to be the of the republic, what State or combination of States, grand effort of the Republican party, the great be- will have a chance of again attempting a dissolution speak for Brough, Anderson, and the rest of that of partnership ? What fraction will eve! rise in re "ticket," the coup de grace for Vallandigham, Pugh, hellion against the whole, and run the chattel of and all the Democratic platform. It was, properly so severe a punishment as we are now inflicting on speaking, the Cincinnati meeting, and was held out the Southern traitors ?" And, warming with the of town, simply because it was thought that the subject, they glory with the assurance that 20 years' city could afford no space sufficient to contain so peace will be more than sufficient, not only to heal mighty an assemblage as could not fail to answer the wounds but to efface the very scars of the pre the momentous appeal. From early morning to late senteentest, " when the Union," they say, "cemented afternoon the wards of the city kept pouring out in by the blood we are now shedding, will acquire so long gay processions through all its wide avenues. much consistence at home and so great an ascend- I was on the ground between two and three, at the ancy abroad that not a cannon will be fired in the very moment in which the interest of the transao- Old World without our goodwill and pleasure." tion was expected to culminate, and excitement to It is to this strange ambition, to this vain lust of rise to fever heat. power, that the Union owes its main charm in Ame- The political meeting at Carthage reminded me of rican eyes. It is this longing to go forth as rulers a Derby day at Epsom, only of a somewhat shabbier that makes these strange people so readily amenable character, with a dash of an Italian masquerade and to the despotic rule that now weighs upon them. It carnival frolic in it. The fair sex considerably out- is this same vague love of empire and dominion that numbered the lords of creation, and Young America makes them so tender of the alliance of the Russian mustered nearly as strong as the adult generation. autocrat, and so eager to press the hand which is There were huge triumphal cars, heavy boats, and stained with the blood of a generous nation pontoons on wheels, drawn by four, five, and even struggling for existence. ten pairs of good well-fed horses, with an endless For their own part, the Democrats rely on the flutter of flaunting flags, monstrous devices, a din support of the lower classes, the mechanics in the of fife, trumpet, and drum, and the endless firing of cities, and farm labourers in the country, by whom light and heavy artillery. Pedestrians, horsemen, the enlistment in the army has been most heavily hack-carriages, long teams of draught horses, wan- felt, and among whom weariness of the unprofitable dered about the trackless turf in every direct ion, struggle begins to creep in: At some of the Demo with no apparent purpose, save only the enjoyment cratic meetings held in the rural districts of this of the open airtand the jolly company. It was a State, the assembled multitude often broke out into fair, a picnic, with cold fowls and veal pies emerg- impatient cries of "Peace! Peace !" before they inn, from capacious hampers, and corks kno eked off were even addressed by the Peace party lentos. the bottles of sparkling Catawba wine. To eat, The partisans of Mr. Vallandigham are especially drink, and be merry was the great business of the numerous in the southern counties of this State, political meeting. Here and there, indeed, in a cor- which were originally settled by emigrants from ner, under the canopy ofsome huge tree, Mr. Some- Virginia, while the northern districts were over boly from Indiana, or Mr. Nobody from Illinois, rite by New Englanders. Throughout the whole stumped away for very life, with a cluster of listless range of these Western States—Ohio, Indiana, Illi loafers round his cztempore platform, pretending nois, &c.--the same distincti en between North and to listen, cheering: occasionally, jeering more fre- South is equally observable. In the North the quentiy ; all this in the midst of the din of discor- Yankee element prevails and with it Yankee notions. dent music, the rackling fire of great and small guns customs, and principles; the southern zone along the and the shrill cries of apple women and venders of Ohio river is held by a population sprung from the fire -water. For the rest, there were children squat- adjoining slave States, and is remarkable for its ling, young people flirting, angry men swearing, Southern associations, usages, and predilections. drunken men reeling,—all the varieties of a swarm- What most forcibly strikes me, in the meanwhile, ing, bustling crowd, looking for amusement, and in the midst of this turmoil of party agitation, is the contributing more or lese willingly and wittingly almost unanimous disgust which seems to prevail to each other's amusement. among the wealthy and cultivated classes (irreapec- Most of the cars were decked out for show, and tive of their democratic or republican tendencies) of relied for effect no less on white, blue, and red trap- the popular institutions under which they are living, Plugs than upon a skew of live'y and fresh female and especially of the principle of universal suffrage. beauty. Cartloads of girls, as many as 90in a single W ith the exception of a few fanatics (to be met with conveyance, were paraded round and round, to the in a proportion of less than .1 in 100), the most re sound of merry music; school girls from 10 to 12 spectable persons are convinced that the pacifies.- years of age ' yo ung teens, l' d girls farther advanced in their tion of the country, if ever and however it may be dressed, theirs and roses in full blossom, all gaily achieved, must be followed by a revision of the con upon the delighted male multitude. Attired in of vote. The Americans, I may say most conscien streaming on theairreheaded, bare-necked, with hair tiously, are sick of mob rule. They begin to fret of them diadesen,ilaeh, shoulders, begarlanded, some against an order of things which scared the most to personify the 35 s hal t etecl ; here they were made worthy citizens from public life, and gave the man white or in their respaet:ts, the Northern States in agement of State affairs into the hands of the popu- S i - ave States in ne ourgin s l e v h e t national colours, the lace, and of the unprincipled demagogues who minis- Were taught to bow to g the e es. In other groups we tered to their vilest passions. I found the same feels the n Union," to it Goddess coiemb.a, of Liberty," to ing equally widespread in the East as in the W est, 4: math," and a variety oe ', ' to "Peace," to equally rife in the North and South. The well- te ethe, deities in on ly known in this Transatlantic _ les in petticoats do people, the men of cultivation and character, the w ith the beloved colours of the Union at the mottoes an opportunity to regain the place they are entitled h u ge cart the two-headed Ita s i, n a t b . l e tail of a to in the community, a place from which their own blew cf the new alliance between the two << thev eill. remissness and pusillanimity, no less than the sense- Gients" of the globe. The largest Car, withic' Yo ung less and brutal principle of absolute equality, had heaviest freight of young damsels, professed tob the. hurled them. They want the best men to stand fore toraus:er "soldiers sweethearts: , Som e o f frttnhg most, and they hope to put an end to a system in devices Were of a more sombre and truculent c h tt e which the highest recommendation for a candidate racier. A huge P iece of ordnance wa s plraded is th e f ac t th a t h e i s a per f ect l y o b scure i n di v id ua l, through the ;round with the inscription, "The a man against whom no antecedents, good, bad, or Peacemaker;'' another fl ag b ete indifferent, can be quoted, a man furnishing no hold Cannon our only i "He l l , hemp, or Canada for tral to the unsparing malevolence of partisan warfare. the i nscr i p t i on ,r They • those who were discontented „ wish for an electoral law, based upon the tors;" a third bide " country for their come. 8e llee" of the nation, and long to do away with with Old Abe to leave their that 4 6 • Vallandiaham was to be seen ehtt P plebi scite, which can centre the vote of millions try's good." Poor n Fan a 4, s eed on hubs gallows in effigy; the _ half-witted fellow" (the expression is of here and there susptne 0 ee lent o Y ork 1 . 1 . too good treatment for th ,„ era/de-not mine), who comes into hanging and quarter lug was 80 t , r ,,,,,._ unlucky Demo- 9 99 - `Lue•Power perfectly unknown to at least him. One car exhibited the same out of 1,000 Guy, a colos- IN heth votes, mettle candidate in the shape of a huge Whethe r t e e e _ said to be a very are likely t o 1 , 5 ''"t aof these well- meaning patriots sal man of straw with a mask, He at which tent it maybe carried into eff tand t cc., o what ex excellent likeness of the illuetrious ex , fo und . than half-seas- populace a right ptacticable to wrench from the some zealous Republicans, more ef whic h sabres and session for several h they have been in pos over, kept hacking away with their , generations Poking • but that It ms, may boa different Poking with their bayonets with fell animosity, question. , such wish to morons are widely spread and des es exist, and that they the intense delight of the most clamorous ply r e nt d I part of the assembled rabble. The zeal of those tress. Among the Rep u bn " e , can bear wit e there f"v fanatics the per- indeed, who would go e are not a few strangely contrasted with much further, feet serenityof multitude. nothing but a "strong Governree , and whom the goodhumoured The vast nr— ei e an i majority of the assemble e evidently sponsible despotism in the Russian fee : , rre took A hion—would auvantage ofthe political g for satisfy; but, at all events, the necessity a little bit of felt, and this will give o fora change making. They harmless and peaceful holiday- is everywhere g lve °PPG t • • dissensions, should ther untties Brough and Anderson, for whom they were bidden struggle be sat isfectorily terminated. by the marshalsof the field to• cheer , and they had It is not . ea sy to get at any reliable information as likewise very little ill-will' +;„ o f the armies of the Curaberlanct, as against: whom they were ordered to ' t not only withholds all information, pi , opie who looked up on the L. groan. The the Government nerve to hoodwink and mislead affair might be numbered b meeting h as an earnest bat strains every of thousands, magnified . y undreds. The tens public opinion by all manner of oracular hints and bY the news As far as I can make out, 4 , ),000, and 50,000, were it struck into barefaced false reports. te there, as It struck • 1 Rosencranz is cut off the u3era purpose of making and enjoying tee , for it would seem that General ase of operation at h the "fun." The Republic ,:m journals here mi from communication with his b g t well on the fallen back from following d a y, decant on the " T rem Nashville, and that Burnside has endons de monstration," " The people coming ant in East Tennessee, and withdrawn all its in asse rts having seen - 'est ," To a neutral Kentucky, where a traveller strengthened mai Y spectator, like ammunition whole matter seemed neither the bulk of that General's store and myself, the . more nor waggons, exercise than an egrentous, in accent farce, not likely to "-gg°nB. by in exercise much influence on the issue of th e ep. Th ree more steamers have been consu med proaching struggle ; a s little calculated to forward cendiaries at Sr.Louisand at Milliken's-bent. befriended Brough , one the real interests of the n of the latter was attended damage the position of the anathematized Val- grievous loss o f lif e landigham. The dissensions : With all this, however, I would not wish to be have attained in the C a bin e t a t Washington 4 a very serious character. The Hon. THE WESTERN STATES. THE SON, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 23, 1863 the trumpery one relating to the purchase of perfumery, soap, and articles of that description. He might mention that, instead of the amount paid for those articles being .£lOB it was only £O3; and the committee, in reference Co this matter, had acted precisely in the same manner as the committee who had the management upon the occasion of the entertainment to the distinguish.d guests of the In ternational Exhibition, Similar articles were provided for that entertainment, and the amount that was paid for them was £6B, but at the Royal banquet there were several addi tional rooms, and this would account for the increased amount. The Court would not forget that the committee were entrusted with the duty of providing for the comfort and accommodation of a great number of distinguished per sons, and he told them frankly that he, as chairman of the committee, and having regard to the duties that were en• trusted to him, resolved that nothing that money could purchase should be wanted. The hon. member, in the course of the speech he had made on the previous occasion, had made a graceful allusion to the King of Dahomey and his negro wives; and all the notice he (Mr, Truscott) should take of this part of his speech was, to express a sincere hope that if ever the King of Dahomey and any of his wives should pay a visit to this country that the hon. member might be appointed chairman of a committee to provide the necessary accommodation for them ; and he had no doubt that if ho were so appointed he would then en deavour to turn black into white, as he had on the present occasion endeavoured to turn white into black. (A laugh.) Another charge that was made against the committee was, that they had purchased china an d g l ass to t h e amount ose t ve ta ry st t e i tl ag an w d a e s le of £6OO from a member of the Corporation—Alderman Copeland. The answer to this was, that it was left to the m at elegant te articles u t l h e s e were provided for the entertainment; and they looked and ta° that a r e t h t e h about and obtained tenders from the best people in the trade, and s'x houses sent in such tenders, and they selected what they thought were the best articles. These were all manufactured especially for the purpose, and he committeels s t m ann manner, could inform the hon. member that by the price that was realised for them the Corporation was a gainer to the ex tent of £lOO by the difference of what would have been paid if such articles had been obtained upon loan ; and he might remind them that this sum would pay the whole cost of the perfumery to which the hon. mem ber made so much objection. (Hear, hear, and a laugh.) H e would next allude to the charge of having improperly ostrays. " di s posedf H w e h h a a t d t e h s e ti m ho a n te . d m t h e e m v b a e l r ue c o al f le t d hes ‘ e ‘ w ar a t i i f c s les an a d t £5OO, but he (Mr. Truscott) would inform the Court that the utmost value of these articles was £l5O, and out of that was to be deducted the value of some ivory brushes orna mentally engraved with the Princess's arms, which were delivered to his wife under the resolution of the committee to which he had referred. The other "waifs and strays" consisted of some ivory hairbrushes, some bottles of eau-de. Cologne, only partly full, some perfumery, some scent bottles, from which a portion had been taken, and soap that had also been used. All these things were laid before the committee, and they considered what was best to be dune with them ; and he would tell the tiourt that they considered it was not advisable, and that it would not have been credit able to the Corporation of London, or to its dignity, that such articles should have been disposed of by public auction, and they therefore did what was usual in such cases, divided them by lot among the members of the committee. (Hear, hear.) The hon. member also taunted them with having spent £l5O in personal decorations, and £2OO in luncheons, and dinners, and the Court would judge what was the value of this charge. His hon. friend must have been aware that the committee were ordered to provide themselves with Court dresses, and if he did not know what the expense of this was he could tell him, that it cost the twenty mem bers of the committee one thousand pounds to carry out this order of the Court, and to uphold the credit and dignity of their position, This being so, he would ask the Court whether it was not really a monstrous thing to make a grave charge against the committee became they had taken thirty or forty shillings' worth of such miserable articles as had been referred to. The next complaint he had to answer was with regard to £2OO having been paid for luncheons and dinners, and to no larger a sum being allowed to other committees for their services during an entire year. Had the Court, however, any idea of what this committee had to do ? They had actually met seventeen times, they were always engaged from an early hour in the morning until 4 or 5 in the afternoon, and upon some occasions they had sat as late as 12 o'clock at night, and under these cir cumstances si ould the Court consider that this charge is anything more than reasonable? (Hear.) The hon. mem ber had also talked about the conduct of the committee be ing "nuts" to Sir George Grey, but he would only observe that, if there were any nuts at all in the case, his friend had provided them, and not only the nuts but the crackers; and he would add that when they were cracked he believed they would be found as empty as the charges he had made against the committee. He had also referred to the "handle" the Metropolitan Board of Works would make of the transac tion, and said that they would make it a ground for saying that persons who acted in the manner the committee were 1 1 alleged to have done were not fit to be entrusted with the carrying out of great public improvements; but in reply to this he (Mr. Truscott) would say, its conclusion, that they did not care for the Metropolitan Board of World; but would appeal to the public, and refer to their bridges, the streets they had already opened up, the gaols they had built, and the markets they had erected. He thought also that ? notwithstanding the unfounded charges which had been made by the hon. member, the Corporation might point tc; the entertainment given on the .tl i of ,T4ne as one that would for all time redound to the hun , ,tir and credit of the 1 Corporation of the city of London. (Hear, hear.) At the conclusion of the speech of the hon, gentleman there was a burst of loud and continued cheering. Mr. Deputy Do ,hnows rose and suggested that it would be bettor, at that late hour of the day, and as there was a good deal of other business to be done, if there were to be any debate, it should be adjourned. Mr. TRUSCOTT said he was not aware whether there was to be any discussion or not. His only duty was to ask the Court to receive the report and agree to it, and the Court might take any course it thought proper. Mr. Rowe then moved that the report be printed and a copy sent to every member of the Court, and that its further consideration be adjourned, which was agreed to, and the subject then dropped. T THE IRISH SOCI ETY . Deputy RA.THRONE moved that th e L or d M a yor be ap• p oi nted Governor of th e Irish So c i e t y i n t h e room o f the late Alderman H ump h er y. Al derman DAKIN seconded the m o ti on , w hi c h wa s car tiedhilenLalloißinn MAYOR ously briefly thanked the Court for the honour it hod conferred upon him by appointing him to this Important office, and he said he received it as an additional proof of the satisfaction they felt at the manner in which he had performed the duties that had devolved upon him. (Hear.) He said he could assure them that he took a very great interest in the prosperity of the ancient Irish colony of the corporation, and in the important post to which they had elected him he would do all in his power to develop the resources of their Irish property and to enhance the inte rests of the Corporation. (Cheers.) THE GOVER:sTORSHIP OF ST. BARTHOLOMEW'S HOSPITAL. Deputy SCAMELL brought up a report from the General Purposes Committee, having reference to the appointment of Mr. Cubitt, M.P., the late Lord Mayor, as one of the Governors of St. Bartholomew's Hospital. The Corporation, it will be remembered, claim under their ancient rights to appoint an alderman as one of the governors of the four Royal Hospitals; but it appears that at the time Mr. Cuteitt was appointed he had resigned his alderno. anic gown, and a case . w-eaulemitted to Sir F. Kelly, Sir Hugh Cairns, Mr. Bevil!, QC., the Recorder, the Com mon Sergeant, and the Comptroller, as to whether the ap pointment, under those circumstances, was a legal one. The report stated that these high legal authorities had given an opinion that it was not, an d th ey a d v i se d th a t the question should be tried by a writ of quo warranto. Some little discussion took place upon this question, every one of the speakers discl a i m i ng th e slightest intention of do . ng anything disrespectful to the late worthy alderman, who, they said, no one could be acquainted with without entertaining for him th e hi g h es t e steem and respect; but it of this subscribedwas urged in that, h a a rd s t c h a e sh C t u n rp w o a r r a d t a ion t h h e a m d, ai a n t te v n a a ri n o c u e times,s hospital no less a sum than £153,000, in addition to other advantages, the Court was bound to protect the rights and privileges of the Corporation, which migh t be infringed by other parties if the present election was allowed to form a precedent. The report was agreed to, and the City Solicitor was directed to take the necessary steps in the matter. , Alderman Dakin was appointed one of the Conservators under the Thames Co nser v an cy Act, in the room of the late Alderman Humphery. The Court then adjourned, after a protracted sitting. Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur chasing Horniman's pure Tea; very choice at 3s. 4d. and 4s. " High Standard" at 4s. 4d. (formerly 4s. Bd.), is the strongest and most delicious imported. Agents in every town supply it in packets. RELIEF OF THE DISTRESS I N LANCASHIRE.- The Times gives the following as a compendious account of the recipients of relief at successive periods of the cur• rent year :- From Guardians From both Prom Local Total (out-door) Guardia , s and Committees Number only. LocalCommatees. only. Relieved. January 82,156 .. 138,889 . 235,741 .. 456,786 February 65.946 .. 141,019 .: 233,564 .. 440,529 March 70 500 .. 133,002 . • 222,909 .. 426,411 April 69,515 .. 114,657 .. 180,247 .. 364,419 M ay 67,766 .. 93,124 • • 133,391 .. 294,981 June 73,263 78,175 104,792 .. 256,230 July 78,417 .. 56,618 .. 78,983 .. 214,115 August 85,264 .. 49,594 . • 70,4 . ,)3 .. 205,261 September 87,079 .. 41,916 • • 55,630 .. 184,625 Though the Board of Guardians are now relieving 87,000 persons instead of 82,000, the total numbers relieved from all sources have fallen by successive deeresements from nearly half a million to 181,000. In December last no fewer than 247,230 cotton operatives were out of work altogether, while 165,600 were on short time and 121,12 9 only on full time. At the end of last month these proportions were reversed, for 267,962 were in full work, 104,198 on short work, and only 160,835 out of work entirely, SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TimEs.—lt is an ill wind that blows no good, and the garotte robberies of lost winter have cettninly given rise to a reconsideration of the whole question of Prison Discipline which bids fair to restore it to its simple and natural use. The subject was imme diately taken up at some of the Quarter Sessions, and the matter does not appear to have been allowed to drop. The Hampshire Justices appointed a corn. mittee last Epiphany Sessions to consider the subject, and we published their report onTuesday, illustrated by some excellent remarks from Lord Carnarvon, who appears to have been the principal member of the committee. Like every other improvement, the sug gestions of the report seem likely to be contested in the interest of the ratepayer, for one gentleman " thought it incumbent on him to raise a voice of solemn warning" that, if the magistrates adopted the scheme, they might be called upon to sanction, " not a three-farthing, but a penny rate." The dread of so awful a consequence, even for a time, will probably make it" incumbent" on some gentle men, who think immediate economy the first duty of administration, to do their best to oppose the scheme; but it would be a vast improvement on the existing system, and the considerations which have led to it deserve general attention. Lord Ca rnarvon proposes, in the first place, to inflict hard labour much more severely, and for a longer time, than has hitherto been the custom in Winchester Gaol. The maximum length of labour has hitherto been only eight hours, but it is proposed to lengthen this to ten hours, and to make eight of these severe labour on the treadmill. At the same time the prisoners are to be divided into classes, according to the length of time that they have been under sentence, the lowest class containing those who are suffering the first month of their imprisonment, and the highest those who have been in gaol 12 months ; and when we say that the report only requires this last class to leave three hours a day of treadwheel or crank labour, the remainder of the hou rs o f wor k being employed in lighter work or industrial occu ration, the scheme will not be considered excessively severe. It is proposed, then, that the lighter or industrial labour should gradually take the place of the harder and mere penal kinds, but that this alleviation in a prisoner's punishment should be made entirely dependent on his good conduct in the lower classes. The report, also, very wisely insists that this good conduct shall be estimated, not by the facile judgment of sanguine and good natured officials, but by the prisoner's actual exer tion in voluntary industrial work. He is supposed, in short, to earn his relief by steady labour beyond what is imposed upon him. The Report contains, at the same time, suggestions for increasing the severity of all the conditions of prison life. It pro poses to diminish the hours of sleep ; to put a stop to, or greatly limit, the habit of outdoor exercise; and to reduce the diet, by eliminating from it, as Ed as possible, all animal food. It aims, in short, at making the punishment of imprisonment as sharp and severe as possible, and, at the same time, giving the prisoner the opportunity of softening it by pre cisely the same means as those by which a man earns a position and a character in actual I:fe—that is by honest and steady labour. It is quite certain, from the nature of the regulationswhich these suggestions propose to supplant, that some great increase in the severities of prison life had become necessary. It would be hardly credible on any other authority that open air exercise has become of late years a substitute for hard labour ;" that " in all graver offences the food of the prisoners is very superior to that of the poor population ;" that as much as ten hours was regularly allowed for sleep ; and that, finally, " a library has been established, in which secular books of an interesting .character are lent to the prisoners." Add to this that the rule of silence has been so laxly enforced that a mutinous combination wee detected in the prison, and we certainly have a state of things which re lieves solitary confinement of half its terrors. We have the picture of a prisoner who does a small amount of task work in the course of the day, re lieves himself by an easy amount of out-door exer cise, enjoys more rest at night than is possible for any labourer or man of business, and more, indeed, than is good for his own health, and diverts the monotony of his leisure hours by reading " secular works of an interesting character." If the county Magistrates themselves have not the common sense to change such idle regulations we oan only say it must and certainly will be done, sooner or later, by public authority. This report rightly declares that penal discipline is, after all, the first and principal part of the treatment of a prisoner. The sentence is a punishment, and it is only an adaptation of its terms which enables it to be used for any other pur pose. It cannot possibly be pretended that the only object which the law has in view in its penalties is the reformation of the criminal. Such a considera tion would make ail capital punishment, .and eve penal servitude for life, an absurdity. Tres undeniable object of affixing penal.' deter criminals by the ep- _..es to laws is to consequently the -,Ar of punishment, and a a r ";" —ern duty of those who h ave t o ;_._..lieter th e l aw i s to make punishment real and paigNi. If, besides this, they can employ the I opportunities given them by having the prisoners for a long time under their control in extir pating their bad habits, so much the better, and an extra farthing rate for the purpose, if it can be carried out, ought not to be grudged. But this is merely a right and prudent use of an accidental advantage, and ought to be kept strictly subordi nate to .he first purpose. Let the justices first earry out the intention of the law, and then indulge their philanthropy. Besides, the practice recently grown up defeats its own ends. To a thorough crimi nal, such as most of those who are committed to our county gaols, there is no such reforming agent as severe punishment. Lord Uarnarvon draws, perhaps, too marked a line of distinction between penal and reformatory discipline. Penal discipline by its very nature is reformatory, wherever reform is possibie. The cases are very rare, if they occur at all, where a man once committed to bad habits is induced to stop in them by any other reason than the fear of the cons( quences—that is of punishment. A burnt child fears the fire, but it only learns to fear the fire because it burns, and there are hundreds of men and women who - only learn wisdom by experience, which in most cases is punishment. The treadwheel and the crank are as wholesome and natural conse quences of forgery.as a burn is of putting one's hand in the fire, and if children or criminals were to find that they could play with fire with comparative im punity we should soon be involved in a general con flagration. This report, therefore, wisely proposes to commence in all cases with a sharp and severe punishment, and only to lead the prisoners to new courses when they are thoroughly sickened with the consequences of the old ones. Let them find they have burnt their fingers, and then learn to employ themselves with more harmless things than fire. We trust that none of the paltry economy we have referred to will prevent the adoption of such principles as these. From some statements in the course of the debate on the report it really seemed as if the relaxation of the prison rules had arisen to a considerable extent from some such foolish motive. The want of a sufficient number of cranks, and the bad construction of those which existed, seem to have led to the gradual diminution of hard labour, and it appeared that a stricter discipline in the pri son could not be enforced without a larger number of warders. But to hesitate to introduce these re forms from dread of a penny instead of a three-far thing rate is, not to be penny wise and pound foolish,--it is to be penny foolish and pound mad. Under the present system we pay much more thah a farthing rate in an increased number of criminals, an increased loss of property, and an increased inse curity. To secure an efficient administration of criminal law can never be anything but a sound economy. DAILY News. —When the Southern party was dominant at Washington, and conquests, annexa tions, and filibustering expeditions were the en grossing occupation of American statesmen, a phrase was current by which it was imagined that all law less aggression was excused and justified, or rather by which the blame was who ly transferred to the weaker resisting party. Mexican wars, Texan annexations, Nicaragua expeditions were not to be imputed as a fa l it, for it was the " manifest destiny" of the United States to overpower and absorb its neighbours. The phrase, we believe,was plagiarised from a customary expression of the First Napoleon. It did not, however, impose on the understandin g of honest men either in the New or the Old World. The " force of circumstance" is a plea as old as the race, and may be employed to excuse every act of wrong. Nothing is easier than for States or indi viduele to place themselves by one irrevocable step in circumstances which make a certain course of conduct inevitable without making it right. Recent events are suggesting the inquiry—has Great Bri tain, too, a " manifest destiny ?'"fhat her general policy at all resembles that which is identifikd with the American Presidents of the last thirty years her bitterest enemy will not allege. But her bes`i, friends may well he anxious when they hear particular lines of national action which have led to events with which nobody is satisfied, palliated with the same equivocal faltering excuses which they have rejected when urged to cover the acts of other nations. 'fake the latest news from Japan. A squadron of the fleet of which we are sojustly proud has just visited Kagesima, on e o f t h e c i t i es o f that country, tode mand satisfaction of Prince Satsuma, who appears to be m as t er t h ere. N o t re ceiving a suitable reply, our Admiral opened fire, and in in a few hours wa s a bl e to repor t, " Whole townflames;" and again, on the following day, " City one mass destroyed so ruins." K agos ima, which we have so easily, was the home of an immense population, said to number 180,000 people. It would be a . considerable relief if some great Minister, or his default a great Minister's journalist, could assure us that he is delighted with this brilliant feat, and would give us some reasons 'or sharing his satistve tion. Is it henour or proll that we are to reap from the destruction of Kagosima ? Whichever it may be we could better have spered it. If we exa miee the steps by which we have advanced to this catastrophe we find that—assuming that we did right in the first place to force ourselves on a nation that was known to dread intercourse with foreigners —we find that they were all unimpeachable. We have not been hasty ; we have not been angry. Our deportment, in fact, has been most exemplary. We have advanced with a calm air and words of mode ration to do a deed which is terrible to think of. One of our countrymen had been murdered in Japan, and the Government was ton weak to seize the mur derers, believed to be the retainers of Prince Sat suma ; so we resolved to take the redress which could not be given. We have destroyed a city, and with it a great number of innocent people; it is not said that we have destroyed Prince Satsuma. "But what were we to do ?" it is asked. What indeed ! It was " manifest destiny." HERALD.—We have no difficulty in givin g L or d Russell credit for a sincere desire—subordinate, of course, to the all-engrossing love of distinguishing himself—to see Poland pacified and the Poles in the enjoyment either of the absolute independence they claim or of the privileges which were accorded them by the Treaties of Vienna. At the same time we have not the slightest hesitation in saying, and shall not have the slightest difficulty in showing, that his lordship, in his efforts to help the Poles, has done them as much injury as it was possible for au English statesman to do. His despatches to St. Petersburg, his active exertions to obtain the assent of his allies to the presentation of a quasi , ultitnatum to Russia, encouraged the insurgents with the hope of European intervention, and stimulated them to carry on the war by immense sacrifices, only to find all their hopes disappointed and see themselves left to contend alone with the gigantic resources of Russia, embittered by the prolongation of the struggle and the interference of foreign Powers. Sad as have been the consequences for the Poles, an indulgent critic may find some excuse for these mistakes of his lordship in the popular outcry that something should be done when circumstances ren dered it imeossible to do tsnything useful. But his lest grand coup—his parting fling at Russia—can find no excuse. It is the heaviest blow yet struck at Poland, the greatest possible concession to Russia. It is the renunciation of the right of England to re monstrate at St. Petersburg on behalf of the Poles ; the release of the Emperor of Russia from all the conditions on which he holds Poland; the deprival of the Poles of all the remaining safeguards of their national independence and existence; and his lord ship actually fancies that all the while he is dealing a heavy blow to Russia, paying off Prince Gortse chakoff for his rebuffs, and helping the Poles. 'I he Foreign Secretary has declared, in the name of England. that the Treaties of Vienna, so far as they concern Poland, are null and void. He intimates ;:o the Russian Government that the sanction then given to its possession of a portion of old PC gland is withdrawn, and that no further right than that of conquest can be recognised. It may be that his lordship has not remitted the formal decree of for feiture to St. Petersburg, as has been slated with great confidence in quarters lika j iy to be well in formed. He may stilt hope to overcome th e reluc tance of Austria to Cum ,nit herself to so dangerous a measure—dangerou s to her not only in its immediate consequences, but in the precedents which may be drawn from it. But it matters very little. The Russian Government must take note of his words at Blairgowrie ; it must take note of the efforts he has made to obtain from France and Austria an identi cal declaration of forfeiture. And it must take note of there with a pleasure which it may be too politic, too polite, te . eapress, but which must nevertheless be excessive. Poland no longer exists as a separate country ; the Poles are no longer a nation, except in the eyes of ethnologists. Politically they disap pear from the face of Europe with the winds that carry away the torn fragments of the Treaties of Vienna. Austria, Prussia, and Russia will have Polish provinces and Polish subjects, but there is no kingdom of Poland. Posen and Gallicta, and War saw, or however else it may be called, will show where once Poland was. The treaties of Viesena, sadly violated as they have been by all the Power - , partitioners of Poland, have kept alive the a nation. The kingdom of Poland was a •es as visible sign o f its existence---a sign v - • ere—a did not ventur e t o remove. I f the went violated, o r as it says. rich Russia r? , usman Govern way from the other yon- - .nterpreted another it never ventu re d t o h ers the treaties of Vienna, cognised that is , aisregard them. It always re oonditiore held Congress Poland u p on o th er me se- than the rest of the empire. It always ..btained the distinct administr a tion stipulated in the treaties ; it never ventured upon such measures against the Polish language as were employed in Posen, and the vast majority of its officials have always been Pules. Had the treaty not existed the Czar Nicholas would certainly not have waited a month after the suppression of the insurrection of 1830 to incorporate the kingdom of Poland in the Russian Empire ; to have removed all distinc tion between its provinces and the rest of the em pire, and to have suppressed as far as suppression was possible the Polish language, habits, and reli gion. It lay then at his mercy. No Power would or could have interfered. But he felt that he held that part of Poland at least upon conditions, and although he interpreted some of those conditions in a different sense from Lord Palmerston and Lord Heytesbury, Count Sebastiani, and Prince Talley rand, he did not re p u di a t e any one of the obliga tions they imposed. It is due to that recognition of his treaty obligations that Poland still lives. Thirty years of incorporation with Russia, 30 years of go vernment by Russian functionaries, 30 years of sup pression of the Polish language and the ener ge t ic prosecution of measures which would have killed the national feeling, and Poland would have been forgotten. She might have rebelled as now,but what power would have interposed on her behalf ? Lord Russell had no other ground than the treaties of 1.814-15 to j ust ify his intervention ; without such a justification no English Government would have offered a word of remonstrance against any mea sures of Russia. Now the Poles, by th e act o f t h e i r warmes t friends, are deprived of all this protection. Russia is declared to have forfeited all the rights which the treaties gave her to P o l an d , and las i eg all the rights so given she is released from all the obligations which were the conditions of those r i g h ts . She holds Poland now, Lord Russell de clares, by conquest. With that de facto possession he has no thought of meddling. It is now, there fore, perfectly within the competence of Russia to suppress the Polish kingdom as such, to incorporate its whole territory in the empire, to subject it to the common Russian administration, to suppress every national institution, to put Russian officials in every position, and make Russian the language of all administrative acts. The Great Powers—for France will no doubt follow the English example ; she has reasons of her own for aiding in every blow at the treaties of 1815—have cut their only ground for interference from under their feet, and can offer no remonstrance. Thus the Poles are left, in the sup pression of a struggle which has cost them enormous sacrifices, absolutely at the mercy of Russia. Their protectors have abandoned them completely under pretence of helping them. Lord Russell's declara tion of their forfeiture is the true Finis Polonice. It may be better for the Poles that it should be so. Better that an end should be put once for all to hopeless struggles which perpetuate a misery they cannot cure. Better that, abandoning dreams of Polish national life, they should submit to their destiny, and take the civil and religious liberties which, if they will once lay aside their national aspirations, are to be had for the asking. But tetiat is not their opinion now ; it is not the opin'ion of Lord Russell; it has not been the object of the Eng lish Government; and even those Englishmen who have never seen the slightest chance of Polish triumph, who have regretted the useless slaughter, and have h o p e d th a t t h e P o l es wou ld see k l i b er ty in the only way they can find it—in the acceptance of the fate whi c h h as ma d e th em Russian subjects— must feel ashamed of such a blunder. 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The most valued testimonials are constantly received from persons whom chance directed to Holloway's safe and certain remedies, and which effected a complete cure even after the constitution seemed thoroughly broken down, [ADVERTISEMENT.]—COnSUmption, all nervous, bilious, liver, and stomach complaints, in every stage, are only ag gravate t and accelerated by drugs of every description, but periec,ly curable by Du Barry's health restoring Revalenta Arabica Food, as proved by thousands of cases which had been considered hopeless. We quote a few.—Cure No. 62,814, Miss Lange, 18 years at age, cured after the medical men had abandoned all hopes of her recovery from the last stage of pulmonary consumption, with f:.arful cough, expectoration, exhaustion, spitting of blood, perspirations, hollow cheeks, emaciated to a sktleton. She is note, thank God, a perfectly healthy, blooming, fleshy Lange, Cornmissaire de Police, Cure, No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley• Surrey, of shirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, and partial deafness,—Cure, No. 47,121. Mis s Elizabeth Jacobs, of' extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervousfancies.—Cure, No. 54,816. The Rev. James T. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, of indigestion and torpidity of the liver, which had resisted all medical treatment. In tins, 11b, 2s 9d ; 21b, 4s ed ; 51b, lls; 121 b, 228; 241 b, 40s. Barry du Barry and Ca., No. 77, Regent-street, London ; also Fortnum and Mason; and all grocers and chemists in every town of the IlnitedXiagdom, Frank Blair, a General and a member of Congress, an accomplished and ambitious man, has been for the last two or three weeks addressing from St. Louis very deliberate attacks against Mr. Chase and the President, ignoring their policy in general, and inveighing especially against those obstacles raised by the officers of the Customs against the naviga tion of the Mississippi to which I alluded in one of my letters from St. Louis. More lately, Mr. Blair's brother, the Postmaster-General, a member of the Cabinet, has spoken out and written in the same sense, and his long smothered hostility to Mr. Chase and to the Ultra-Republican faction in the Cabinet threatens to come to an open outbreak, The Western merchants endeavour to explain the recent rise in the price of gold—which is now at 1471—by the fact that Mr. Chase has effected large purchases of it at the New York market, and wily endeavour, by further purchases, to keep it up at 150, with a view to pravent its exportation to Europe, and to compel the merchants to export pro duce instead. COURT OF COMMON COUNCIL, A Court of Common Council was holden yesterday in the Council Chamber, Guildhall. The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor presided, and among the membersof the Upper Bench present were Alderman Sidney, M.P., Alderman Carter, Alderman Gabriel, Alderman Mechi, Alderman Sir F. G. Moon, Alderman Finnis, Alderman Dakin, and Alderman Lusk, who took his seat for the first time since his election to the cffice, and who upon doing so was received with cheers from the members of the Court. There was a very full attendance of Common Councilmen, as it was known that there was a notice upon the paper of business having reference to the charges made against the Entertainment Committee upon the occasion of the visit of their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Wales to the City in June last. The LORD MAYOR, after the Court had been formally opened, rose and said that as this was the last time he should take his seat as chief magistrate of the city of London, he would take the opportunity of expressing his sincere thanks, both individually and collectively, to every member of the Court for the kind assistance they had rendered him during his year of office in performing the duties of their president. He had had the unprecedented honour of being chief magis trate of the City during one of the most eventful periods in the history of the Corporation, and when they had sought to give an expression of their loyalty to their beloved Sovereign and her family under most eventful circumstances. The coming of age of the Prince of Wales and his marriage with the beautiful lady the subject of his choice were events that called upon this great Corporation to express their feelings of loyalty, and he thought it was a matter of congratulation that they had done so in the most satisfactory manner ; and he thought it was also a matter of congratulation that the country generally had so well followed their example. For his own part he could only assure them that he had most anxiously endeavoured to perform all the important duties that devolved upon him in a satisfactory manner, and he again thanked them for the kind assistance they had ren dered him in doing so. (Cheers.) FARRINGDON-MARKET, Mr. ANDERTON gave notice of a motion for the next Court, the object of which was to improve the present con dition of Farringdon-market, which, he said, in its present was a disgrace to the Corporation. (Haar, hear.) THE CHA:RQES AGAINST THE R OYAL E NTERTAIN MEN T COMMITTEE. Mr. R. ROWE said thi! at the last Court a question had been submitted to the law officers ;If the Corporation through a resolution proposed by Deputy Elliott, and he wished to know whether these gentlemen had given an answer to that question. (Hear, hear.) Mr, NELSON, the City solicitor, who was appealed to by the hon. member, said that it was customary in all such cases not to lay the opinion before the Court until it had been submitted to all the higher legal officers. He had conferred with the Common Sergeant and the Comptroller, and they had given their opinion upon the question submitted to them; but as the Recorder was not now in England he had not had an opportunity of communicating with him upon the subject, and he had, consequently, not signed the opinion; but if the Court wished to have the opinion read in its present shape he was quite ready to produce it. Mr. TRUSCOTT, the ch a i rman o f th e R o y a l Entertant• went Committee, expressed hi s w i s h th a t the opinion should be read at once. i Some other members of the Court, however, said they considered it advisable that the question and the opinion should be first submitted to the Recorder; and eventually a division took place, when the Court, by a majority of 14, decided that the opinion of the three law officers of the Cor poration who had been mentioned should be at 01200 laid be fore the Court. Mr. WOODTHORPE, the town olerk, accordingly read the document. The question submitted, upon the motion o Deputy Elliott, was, whether any member of the Court had' the right to take into his possession any goods or chattels belcnging to the Corporation without the authority and sanction of the Court ; and the reply given was, that, in answer to the abstract question submitted to them, the l aw officers of the Corporation were of opinion that the members of the Court had no right to take into their possession any goods or chattels belonging to the Corporation without the consent of the Court; but they qualified this opinion by stating that in certain cases usage might confer such a right, but that this usage was entirely under the control of the Court, and might be annulled by it at any time. Mr. TRUSCOTT shortly afterwards brought up the report of the Royal Entertainment Committee, and moved that i be read. Mr. WOODTHORPE accordingly read the document, which extended to a very great length, but which merely gave a detailed account of the proceedings taken by the committee to prepare for the reception of the Prince and Princess of Wales at the entertainment given to them in the Guildhall on the Bth of June last. The public is well aware of the many difficult duties the committee had to perform, and the satisfactory termination of their exertions, and it will not be necessary further to allude to these particulars. It ap peared that the total cost of the entertainment, and all the arrangements connected with it, was only L 15,000. Mr. TRUSCOTT then addressed the Court, and said that un der ordinary circumstances his duty would have been simply to move that the report be received and agreed to; but as at the last meeting of the Court an hon. member had thought proper to bring forwaed charges of malappropriation of pro perty against the committee, and particularly against him self personally, he felt it due to his own honour, and also to the committee, that he should state:every circumstance con nected with the transactions referred to by that hon. member, and give, as he had promised to do, a complete answer to the charges that had been made. He need not, he was sure, remind the Court in the outset of the very im portant task that had been undertaken by the entertainment committee, and he believed he might also say that they had been congratulated on every side on the success that had attended their exertions and the manner in which they had performed their duty. (Hear.) He might also inform them that at a meeting of the committee on the day after the en tertainment there was a proposition by the members of it that some acknowledgment should be made to him for his services as chairman, but ho at once refused to receive such an acknowledgment, and stated that he was only desirous that the entertainment to be given to the royal pair should be carried out successfully, and in a manner that was likely to redound to the honour of the corporation, and if he suc ceeded in these objects he was amply repaid for any services he had rendered. Nothing more was done at this time ex cept to appoint a sub-committee to collect the various articles and check the accounts, and the committee did not meet again until the 12th June, and at this time every article ex cept a few trifling ones was found to be intact. He would now tell them what subsequently occurred. They were aware that two ladies rendered most important services in carrying out the object in vew of receiving their illustrious guests in a becoming manner. One of these ladies was the Lady Mayoress, who by the grace and dignity she exhibited threw almost a charm over the proceedings in which she took a part. The other lady, although the duties that de volved upon her were not of such an onerous and important character as those performed by the Lady Mayoress, still he believed had Carried them out to the satisfaction of their royal and distinguished guests. (It should be explained that the second lady referred to by the hon. member was Mrs. Truscott.) He went on to say that when the committee m et on the 12th of June they came to a unanimous resolution that the whole of the furniture and the fittings in the bou doir of the Princess should be presented to his wife. (Hear, hear,) The hon. deputy Who had brought these Charges against him and the committee appeared to have dived into the recesses of the Chamberlain's office, and what he said was that all the costly furniture in the boudoir of the Prin cess had disappeared : but he would tell them what the real facts were. The furniture was undoubtedly of the most valuable and costly description, and was probably worth £6OO or £7OO. (Cries of " Oh, oh.") He did not stand there to disguise anything, and if hon. members would wait for a short time before they expressed any opinion, he believed they would say he had done nothing thst was derogatory to presented to his own honour, or to the credit of the Corporation. (He ir ) He looked at the articles that were proposed to _be given to his wife, and seeing their costly character, he at once ob served to the committee that he would noe accept them ; if' articles were the only thingseem able e l w e anted such articles, he was not a poor man and was them, and the only articles he allowed to be of the the arms . of the Princess were emblazoned, and other which to his wife were some portions of the furniture on ' whi ch could not be purchased. (Hear, hear.) These the Court wished to . which he would accept under the re solutionjuemtiree, and ho believed this Court would justified in what he did. (Hear, hear.) If say that he was he was quite the exact value of the articles he "No, no.") It was however so received, the entire value of the er so limited in comparison with furniturewas in the boudoir of the Prin cess, that he thought it made by vindicated himself (Hear.) He trusted that thus far he satisfy iy bettertth h eac:c .nouourt membert t o h d at o h s o e t d strays from this portion of the charges and he would now proceed also to or tthi to do with what he called ; he " flotson and jetsam" of thetas ntertainar: laug h . ) The first subject to which he would allude Was AN AFRICAN GENTLEMAN, After being duly scrubbed, the gentleman proceeds to his robing court, where sundry leese beee e , l i k e sea - c h e sts, contain his dresses and ornaments. Ho is extremely • fastidious about the choice cf his toilett e, opening, and per haps tying on, a dozen cloths before one suits his fancy. He will kiss it in token of admiration or respect if it has be longed to har ancestors: A silk pocket handkerchief is then folded triangularly and passed through a loop in the knife scabbard —like the British sailor, they are abandoning the clasp knife for the bowie form—which is thus attached to the right side. His skin is then polished up with a little palm oil, and his neck, wrists, and ankles are adorned with strings of coral or beads, and substantial metal or ivory rings, sometimes decorated with his English name cut out, or "fixed" in various coloured tacks. Finally, his wool is carded, with a comb made of bamboo, whose three or four long prongs are fit only for a horse's mane, and a casquette of broadcloth supplants the scarlet night-cap, fashionable in former days. The kerchief intensied for hand use is hung, cravat or scarf like, round the neck or writ t. Here, as in the Highlands, pockets are wanting. The toilette being thus finished, breakfast is served. It is a little dinner, ordinarily consisting of fowl, fish, mashed yam, soup, and tombo, or palm-wine, the latter, however, hard, tasting like soapsuds, and very intoxicating. The cooking is excellent when English dishes are not attempted. The meal always concludes with an external applicaCen of soap and water. After the breakfast tombo is drunk, the warm and savoury nature of the food requiring copioue draughts. It is a diuretic, and promotes perspiration, so many a gallon will disappear in the course of a day. When the natural appetite fails, they suck slices of the acid lime, or chew kola nut, or eat ossessossa, a tasteless yellow berry, with a large stone and little pulp, which i 3 said to increase intoxication. Whex half-drunk the gentle man retires to a cool room, where, fanned by young girls in a state of nature, he sleeps away the ev' tr y hours of noon. After the siesta he receives or pays ".'isits to his friends, being careful not to appear without a r med slaves carrying his large juju and his snuff-box. Fee does not dip finger and thumb into the latter, but pour., it into the palm of the hand, and l e i sure l y ma k es up P pinch. Wh enever he meets a white man he shakes he'ads, or rather cracks fingers, holding the crackee's index between the forefinger and thumb of the right hand—tle left is devoted to another purpose—and loosing snaps them together. It is a knack somewhat difficult to acquire properly, The inferior chiefs and upper slaves are devoted to gambling; all cheat when they can, and a man after losing his supplies, which repre sent coin, will part with his beads, armlets, and anklets, next follow knife, nighicap, loin cloth, and lastly his wives, relations, and himself. Some of them have proved adepts at European games, esmially draughts. When the gentle-. man stays at home, to performs upon some native instru ment, grinds a barrel-organ, or enjoys a musical box, a throng of tis wives and chiliren peeping through the doorwa?. Or he looks at conjuring tricks, and perchance jokes with his jester, some slave, whose dry humour, sharp tongue, salt wit, and power of mimicry have made him a favourite. Africans are uncommonly keen in perceiving and in caricaturing any ridicule—they have never, how ever, attained the dizzy height of art in the days of Thespis. A dinner similar to breakfast is eaten at 4to 5 p.m. * * It is wound up by smoking and drinking tombo, to , which, however, at this hour, the damned distillation' is preferred, and the gentleman turns in drunk at midnight. The women and children pass their day in a far humbler manner—they begin at dawn by washing in the creek, they then repair to the artistess who performs the mysteries of body painting. The favourite colour is blue; red, how ever, is also used. * * The head woman, whose face and body, arms and legs, have thus been decorated, dresses herself in beads and shawls, or fine cloths, and sallies out after breakfast to see her friends. Sometimes she is re ceived with a nautch, than which no cancan can be grosser—the more literal it is the more she enjoys it. * * Women of the poorer sort pass their time in mak ing nets, hats, fishing-lines, and little mats. * * * Ladies who are not favourites with the lords their hus bands, and all wives of poor men, perform servile work,. fetching water, cutting and carrying fuel, fishing with seines, and smoking and drying the proceeds.-- Wanderings in Western Africa. COUNTRY MARKETS. BRISTOL-THURSDAY. -• We had a good supply of wheat - to-day, and last week's rates were about maintained. In foreign wheat ra ther more doing at prices unobtainable last week. Barley of all kinds in large supply, and fine samples sold freely. Oats sold at full prices. The trade in Indian corn rather more active, Beans dull. BIRMINGHAM-THURSDAY. During the present week transactions have been rather limited, and wheat has baen held firmly at previous rates. To-day wheat was in fair supply, and English sold slowly at last Thursday's prices. American held for an advance. Barley and oats 6d per qr lower. Beans and peas as of late. English wheat was sold at 44s to 48s for white, and 40s to 44s per 36 atone for red, Barley, new malting, 36s to 42s per qr ; grinding, 26s to 30s Oats, old, 24s to 30s per 30 stone ; Irish, 21s toi2ss. Beans, 40s to 44s per qr. Peas, 36s to 44s per 36 stone. MANCHESTER-THURSDAY. At our market this morning the demand for wheat was very limited. English new dry samples held for the prices of this day se'nnight, and damp parcels would have been parted with at less money. Good runs of foreign saleable to a moderate extent; lower qualities neglected. Flour ex ceedingly difficult of sale, and 6d to is per sack lower. Oats and oatmeal firmer. EDINBURGH GRAIN—Ocr. 21. A large supply of farmers' wheat to-day, which met a dull sale at about the prices of last week. Barley met a slow sale, and prices is per qr down. Beans were slow of sale. Oats dull, and is lower. Wheat on the top 2s Od up. average Os 3d down. Barley on the top Os 6d up ..........average Os 7d down. Oats on the top 2s 6d down ....average is Od down. Beans on the top 4s 9d up .. average Is 2d up. Total Supply and Sales. Wheat ..1110 qrs Sold 618 qrs 8ar1ey........2356 qrs Sold 1633 qrs Oats Beans 2l qrs Sold 13 qrs Flour sells as follows :—Whites, 38s Od ; extras, 36s Od ; superfine, 34s Od ; fine, 32s Od. DERBY SMITHFIELD—Oor. 20. Beet Mutton .. Lamb Bd to —d Rough fat, 3s 9d per stone. Hides, 3d to 4.1 d; calf skins, 5d to Gd. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Nustralia and Mauritius, via Southampton .. Nov. 19. • via Marseilles . Nov. 13. Brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. N ov . 4. Cape of G oo d Hope, A;consion, and St. Helena —Oct. 29. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton. Nov. 2. via Marseilles Oct. 27. Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton Oct. 26. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, vh Southampton Oct. 26 via Marseilles Oct. 27. India (Bombay), via Southampton Oct. 26. via Marseilles Oct. 21. Portugal.... Nov. 4. Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Oct. 25. via Marseilles Oct. 21. Newfoundland ..Oct. 28. Oporto and Vigo U. S. and British N. America,Ly Brit. packet Oct. 22 by U.S. packet.... by Canadian packct.Oct. 23. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneritfe . Nov. 10. Bahamas, via New York Oet. 22, Mexico MI parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, I Oct. 29, California. and British Columbia. " JULLIEN'S CONCERTS" are about once more to challenge the attention of London pleasure seekers. The once magic name is borne by the son of the late chef, M. Louis Jullien. He announces a six weeks' series of Pro menades, to begin on the 2d November, at Her Majesty's Theatre. Births. AsHstrltrinAm.—On the 21st inst., at Aehburnham House, the Countess of Ashburr ham, of a son. BARRINGTON.—On the 21st Aug., at Melville, near Cape Town, the Hon. Mrs. Henry Barrington, of a daughter. CARR.—On the 22d inst., at The Knoll, Blackheath, Mre. Mark William Carr, of a son. DENT. —On the 22d inst., at The Grove, Balham, the wife of Stanley Dent, Esq., of a daughter. Marriages. BEATSON..—STOZES.--On the 21st inst., atiVorfield Church, Shropshire, David Beatson, Esq., youngest son of the late John Beatson, Esq., of Rotherhithe, Surrey, to Sarah Catherine, youngest daughter of the late Michael Smith Stukes, Esq., of Roughton, near Bridgnorth, Shropshire. RlST—SuumoN.—On the 21st inst at Saint Stephen's, Islingt on , R o b ert G. Wet, of Edwardes terrace, Ken sington, to Ellen, young€st daughter of Henry Surmon, Esq., of Canonbury Villas, Islington. Deaths. BuLLP.R.—On the 19Ih inst., at Edinburgh, Lieut. Edward Buller, R.N., one of the Naval K.nights of Winds'r, aged 59, BLIGIL—On the 21st inst., at Clifton, Mr. James Bligh, Jun., of the firm of Messrs. J. and 0. Bligh, aged 49. FLETCHEIL—On the 20th inst., at Bersted Lodge, Bognor, John Ballett Fletcher, Esq , Esq., J.P., of Sussex and Lincolnshire, aged 53. PETERS. —O n the 21st inst ,at Tho Grange, Kilburn, Mid dlesex, Thomas Peters, Esq., aged 8.5. TIC IEBORNE.—On the 22d inst., Everard Francis, infant sou of Sir Alfred and Lady Tichborne, aged 10 months. WlLlm—On the 15th Aug , killed in action on board H.M.S. Euryalus, in Japan, Commander Ed. Wilmot, third son of Sir Henry S. Wilmot, 'Bart., of Chaddes den. London : Printed and Pub:ished by WILLIAM ANDREWf of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SUN Office No. 112, Strand, in the Precinct of the 3avoy, in the COWAY vt kt iddleAeL7FrilAY, October Vs *A