The Sun. — London, England, 1863-09-17 00:00:00

THEAT T vo• • RE RaY.AL DRURY- LANE. M a nagers, Messrs !. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. THIS EVENING, tl le new and original Comedy, by Ed mund Fat oner, entitled '. NATURE'S ABOVE ART : A Ro mance of the Nursery : d essrs.Walter Lacy, Addison, Ryder, Barrett, G. Belmore, F. Charles. Neville ; Miss Charlotte Sauniers. Miss Murray, Uiss R. Leclercq, Mrs. Melville, and Mrs. Edmund Falconer. To conclude with A D. kY WELL SPENT : Messrs. G. Belmore, F. Charles ; !sdanites Murray, Harfleur, and C. Weston. Box-office open from T en till Five daily. Prices as usual. --------- - R OYAL LOYAL !Cr.GESS'VS.ni THEATRE.. esse e, Open under the Manage ment of Mr. Walter Montgomery. THIS EVENING SI ELL WATERS fir Ed IJN DEEP Mor and THE IRON CHES T . Jt .n Mildmay and SEdward timer, Mr. Walter Montg-• tery. Co. n - nence at 7. T-El V `MEAT}ROYAL, ApELPHI, 4 ole Proortotor 10 id Manager, M. B. W ebster. THIS Evi scsG, T.IE TRAGEDY QUEEN. Mrs. ,Stirling. Followed by the new - comic drama, THE HEN AND c II ; or, A Sign of Affection. Messrs. Billington, Phillips, Stephenson ; - Mrs. Stirling and Miss H. Simms. A tter which, at 4 -past 8 o'clock. the new drama of THE .11.A_ U NTED MAN ; OR, 'THE G. 0S1"S BARGAIN, in which will be exhibited Professor Pepper's adaptation of the Great Spectral Illusion. Messrs. A. Wood, R. Philips Sefton. C. J. S mith ; Mrs. Alfred Mell on and Miss H. Simms. ' To conclude with CATCHING AN HEIRESS : Mr. A. Wood., ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Manager, Mr. W. 11. Swanborough. THIS EVENLNG, HIS FIRST CHAMPAGNE. Mr Leigh 3Eurray. Followed by (52d time) THE MOTTO, "I'M ALL THERE." Messrs. Honey, Turner, E. Danvers, Collier, Clifton; Mesdames Ada Swanborough, F. Josephs, Maria bimrison, Wallace, and Jenny White. To conclude with TURN HIM OUT. Mr. Turner, Miss Thorne. Commence at 7. THE VHIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," Containing . the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, can be had Every Evening of G. It. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. HIGJI WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 3h. 50m.—Aftornoon, 4b. 3m, T 041011R0 v7.-Morning, 4h. 20m.—Afternoon, 4h. 39m, The Weather—Sun Office, Sept. 17, 1863. THERMOMETER. This morning This day at Two o'clock Barometer-30.20. Wind—West ; fine. • Zit g CS ,SUIT LONDON, THURSDAY, SEPT. 17, 1863. An Old East India Company'e officer, travelling recently over the desolated and ensanguined battle fields of this protracted insurrection in Russian Poland, has, naturally enough, deduced from the mere fact of its long continuance, of this inter- minable lengthening ont of the insurrection —one alternative. This alternative he has to-day very lucidly put, through the medium of a very manly, outspoken communication to our contemporary the Morning Post. Either, he insists, the insurrection of the Poles is much more powerful, is much more popular than it is said to be—Or the Russian army, no opposed to the insurgents, has fearfully dege• nerated since the days of the Crimean Iv ar ! Those are the horns of the dilemma, between which, this intelligent, travelling Englishman, himself a veteran of the Old East India Company's service, has placed every apologist of- the Russian Autocracy, every believer in the integrity of the Muscovite power, every vindicator of the policy maintained, under various phases or aspects, at the point of the sword, at the thongs of the knout, at the muzzle of the rifle, by the Despotic House of RoMANOPF. And the one flagrant and undeniable fact to which this Old Officer directs attention, we do certainly think, speaks quite plainly for itself— speaks not only quite plainly, but trumpet-tongued A people unarmed, trodden under foot, as it were, during the chief part of one whole century, holds its own, unaided in any way externally, excepting by the sympathy expressed by various remote nationalities—holds its own, thus unaided, month after month, against the legions cf a despotic rule of 6 0,000,000—those legions armed to the teeth and highly disciplined ! No wonder the gallant Englishman who is travelling there, out in the actual seat of war, observing the facts we are here alluding to, with his own eyes, no wonder, we say, that we find him hesitating not to assert—" I am convinced now that not only the insurrection is much more powerful than we seem to think, but that the Russian army is no more to be compared to that of Alma, Inkerman, and Sebastopol, than their army of 1854 to the half-savage and irresis tibly steady fanatics led by SIIWAII.OFF." In saying this, the writer frankly acknowledges that before he had gone out there from England into the very scenes of this deplorable conflict in Russian- Poland, he bad formed an entirely different opinion of the state of things, than the one he has since been compelled to arrive at, the one we have seen him just now indicating in words so very emphatic and so wholly unmistakeable in their drift. Instead, he says, of finding Poland, as he had been lea to believe he should find it—namely, a Mar►tyr nation, or as he himself expresses it, "a sheepish a gglomeration of fanatics ready to be slaughtered but unable to conquer"—he found it—what ? Let his "u words indicate what it was he really did find it to be—" A powerful nation, confident in its strength, and unshaken in its determination never more to submit to the Muscovite rule !" 2 hat is what he fo und ---that, we should rather say, is what he find,: for he writes from the midst of the region Of this revelation to him— his communicati on to the Post being dated As recently as last Saturday, the 12th in stant, this " Old E./ . " • hailing our con temporary from Tarno w ! So firm does he find t hi s determination, on th e Part of the insurgent Poles to be, the determination, that i s , never more to submit to the Muscovite ru l e if they can help it, that he writes now , on the 12th instant, fro m Tar now,.t s of "I cannot but fe el sure that Russian dominion in Poland is at an end , a nd that even all the e our diplomacy will never succeed in restoring Rus sian dominion in Poland, unless we aid them, b y arms to destroy all the Poles and then re-colonise the country with Don Cossacks." In this opinion, of course, he may be altogether mistaken. But, at any rate, it is a very noticeable circu • mstanc e that such is the opinion of a di passionate and intelligent eye-witness, writing from :the midst of the occurrences now transpiring in Russian Poland. The conviction thus avowed by this travelling Englishman, himself a man of military experience, is, for all the world, a matter of es much import and significance, as any argument put forth in the fore of the most elabo rately concocted document prepared by the most skilled and practised diplomatist, writing, not from the seat of war, or we suppose we ought to the seat : o f the insurrec say more correctly, tion, but from the foreign offices of London and Paris, of Vienna, or of St. Petersburg. A nd the view taken thus —upon the spot and from the life— by " An Old E.1.C.0.," comes to us, w e cannot but think, all the more impressively, seeing that it appears —not in any organ supposed to express the opinions of Mr. POPE HENNESSY and the asrira tions of Prince CZARTORYSKI, but in the columns of a contemporary popularly understood to be the organ of Viscount PALMERSTON. The progress of toleration during the last few years has been marked and rapid. We have learned not only to widen our views, and to regard with respect and sympathy those whom previously we loaded with censure; bat we have learned also to extend our indulgence to the prejudiced and inta:e- rant narrow objections, and one-sided arguments no longer provoke bitter replies and -Angry conten tion; they are generally met now 'with quiet dis- approval, or perhaps with some degree of contempt. It is felt even by the partisans whom they oppose that it is safer to leave their denunciations to eva porate in empty air, and to trust to the general good sense of the public to counterbalance the ill-directed enthusiasm of a few than to attempt to convince hopeless prEjudice. Twenty years ago Mr. WHALLEY would have been the leader of a fierce contention, waged on both sides with acrimony and eagerness. His energies are now comparatively powerless, and those whom he attacks know better than to attach too much importance 'to his on slaughts. The general feeling of the English public is tolerably unanimous on such points. There are, of course, degrees of difference, and considerable exceptions both to the precepts and practice of tole ration, but as a general rule it is felt that the less the law interferes with a man's private sayings and doings the better, so long as he does no harm to the body politic. Sabbatarianism is one of the few in stances in which war is still waged as matter of con. science and opinion ; but notwithstanding the in fluence of some earnest and highly respectable advocates of an enforced observance of the day of rest, public opinion has always resisted any attempt to legislate on the matter. The fate of Lord ROBERT GROSVENOB.'S Sunday Trading Bill is still fresh in our recollection, and it is a pity it has not served as a warning . to the well-meaning but mis taken advocates of Mr. SomEs's measure. Not long ago we had an example of Scottish feeling on the subject, on the occasion of the Channel Fleet visit ing Leith. The hors or of the good men of the town when they beheld numbers of the population of that misguided port forsake their Sabbath retirement to visit these ships of war was so great that some of the more influential took upon themselves to write a remonstrance to the Admiral, which unwarrantable interference called down upon them a retort as cool as it was courteous. We have just had, Lowever, a still more striking instance of the lengths to which Sabbatarianism will go—an instance which few, we believe, will have read of without deep regret, that even the bountiful gifts of Heaven should prove an occasion for the display of man's bigotry and injustice. The de tails of the case aro too well known to need repetition. The brief outline is that some small farmers at Leigh have been made the subjects of a determined prosecution for the crime of getting in their hay on Sunday, an act to which they were urged by the treacherous state of the weather, and the consequent risk they ran of losing their crop—to them a matter of serious importance. The accused were found guilty, and fined, one of the magistrates making the sage remark that he saw no difference between haymaking, selling corn, or ploughing land. The farmers refused to pay the fine, whereupon a distress was levied on their goods; a cow being taken from one, a chest of drawers from another, together with other articles of similar value. Meanwhile such an outrageous case could not fail to attract notice in the vicinity. A strong feeling of indignation was generally expressed, and the sympathy of the neighbours found expression in the very prac tical form of a defence fund, organised for the purpose of enabling the losers to try the validity of the Act. The treasurer of this fund very properly applied part of the money at his disposal in repurchasing the goods seized, which he, of course, subsequently re turned free of charge to their original owners. It remains to be seen whether the case will again be made a matter of litigation, but, as it stands, is too exceptional and important to be passed over. The question is, whether a few individuals of pecu liar views and strong prejudices shall be allowed to take advantage of an old and obsolete Act which woul.d certainly never pass either House at the pre sent day, to outrage the general sense and spirit of the community by punishing men for doing an act lof necessity, which was, moreover, clearly an exceptional one, on the Sunday. Enforced religion is never worth much, but it may certainly be questioned on what authority these persons so loudly condemn the farmers for rescuing useful and valuable material from the chance of waste and destruction. A correspon dent of one of our contemporaries, writing on this subject, remarks that he has known many in stances of hay, when in a forward state, being entirely destroyed by heavy rains on Sunday, and we trust there are very few men of common sense and common feeling among us who do not better understand the spirit of the great MASTER'S teach ing than to b'ame these poor men for doing what appeared to them an act of simple necessity. The Good and Eloquent JEREMY TAYLOR, ranks the obligations of the sacred day in order-Ist, works of necessity; 2d, of charity; 3d, of religion; but, in their anxious enforcement of the observances of the last, the prosecutors in this case appear to have lost sight of the obligations of the two former. The whole case is entirely contrary to the spirit of English law, and the practice of English social life. Whether it goes any further or no, we trust that this is the last case of the kind of which we shall hear, and that others equally prejudiced and intolerant will at least retrain from such open attacks and such determined oppression. Mean while, how long is a law which permits such extravagance to be suffered to encumber our statute book ? If the next session be not more folly occupied than the last, hon. members might profitably spare a portion of their leisure for the expulsion, or at least the revision, of any act which gives the semblance of legal authority to an officious intolerance which ought to have been • ong ago extinct among us, Lord R USSELL ' S despatch has been published. It is of some considerable length, and enters fully into all the chief points of the question. He states that the despatch received from Prince GORTSCUA KOFF was net at all of a satisfactory nature. This is very true, and i t • ls well that Earl RUSSELL thus comments strongly on the very unfitting style in which tha Russian Minister thought fit to address of W es t ern Europe. He next v th er e y A p riloipederlyPoswniTadverts upon the views taken by the Prince respecting the « m oral and mater i al assistance" which the insurrecti on in Poland re ceives from without, and also that he declares the re-establishment of order must precede th e measures for pacification in Poland, Thereupon Earl R USSELL proceeds to consider the several points upon which the Russian Government chiefly descant. They lay great stress upon resrect for authority, but, forcibly argues Lord RUSSELL, they cannot be ignorant that "clemency and conciliation are often more effective THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER, 17, 1s&. in establishing respect for authority than material force." This is the secret of all the failures the Cabinet of St. Petersburg is so continually making, and if it took this precept to heart there would be a better chance of a final arrangement than any force of arms can effect. The despatch goes on to say that it would be a lamentable error to seek to put down the rebellion solely by force of arms, The three Powers suggested a mode of conciliation which it has pleased the Cabinet of St. Petersburg not to adopt. Here, Earl RussELL touches more strongly on the vexed question of " assistance from without." He says plainly that being compelled by the constant iteration of this theme to speak cut, ho has no hesitation on the part of her MAJESTY'S Government in saying, "that the principal obstacle to the re-establishment of order in Poland is, not the assistance obtained by the insurgents from abroad, but the conduct of the Russian Government itself." It cannot be hoped that any argu ments and entreaties will incline the Russian Government to justice, or move them to mercy, but at the same time it is satisfactory to know that our Foreign Secretary has spoken out strongly, and told them in plain terms what is the head and front of their offending. Most truly does the des patch go on to state that the promises made by the Empress CATHERINE have not been kept, and that it was the sudden invasion of the homes of Warsaw, on a night in January last, which was the cause of the present insurrection. This fact is patent to the world, but it is sometimes very convenient to declare that certain effects are produced by causes that are in reality quite remote from being influ ential. There is a satire in this sentence which it is not likely the haughty Prince will have relished, "Unless the general feeling in Poland had been estranged from Russia, the moral and material assistance afforded from abroad would have availed the insurgents little." This is the secret of the pro longed struggle, and the sting of the reproach will be in its veracity. There must have been some deeply-rooted sentiment in the people for a contest to continue so long. Excitement might have lent it vigour at first. False expectations might have fanned the flame a little longer, but nothing could have sustained the spirit of the nation except the innate hatred against tyranny which is one of the strongest and most indomitable feelings that take root in the human mind. Truly does Earl RUSSELL say that Russia ought to take into account the sym pathies universally expressed by all States where there is a national representation, and to profit by the lesson that they teach. Nine nations are men tioned as participating in this feeling of interest in in Poland. A very important point is also mentioned in the despatch, namely,that it i. a mistake in talk ing of the demands of the insurgents to speak as if there were only two parties, the Government and the leaders of the revolt. There is elways a large class who would be satisfied to find things safe under a just administration, but, it is added signifi cantly, the confidence of this result has not been obtained, and they can hardly be expected to continue inactive. This is one of the most fatal blunders made by Russia in this war. She has persisted in trusting all to force, and has laid down ono infallible rule for all parties, without care or consideration as to those more or leas disaffected. There has been no conciliatory policy fro:n the bzginning ; all has been at the point of the sword. In contradiction to Prince GORTSCIIAKOFF'S assertion respecting the treaty, a passage is quoted that refers to the terms upon which the Kingdom of Poland is to be held by the Emperor of all the RUSSIAS, his heirs and succes sors, in perpetuity. It is said that " the Duchy of Warsaw is united to the Russian empire, to which it is irrevocably attached by its constitution." It is thus shown that the constitution is the link by which Poland is connected with Russia. It was through this that the allied Powers proposed na tional representation with the Powers similar to those which are fixed by the Charter of 1815. Finally, Earl RUSSELL condemns, in toto, the sug gestion that Austria, Russia, and Prussia should deliberate, and inform England and France of the result of their conferences. Either of these two reasons, it is said, are sufficient to prove the inad visability of the plan proposed. One is, that it would place Austria in a false position, and be in consistent with her relations to England and France. The other is, that the separate treaties which were made by the Powers referred to had reference only to material objects, and did not interfere with poli tical details and developments. Lord RUSSELL winds up his admirable despatch by impressing upon Prince GoRISCJIAKOFF the responsibility that rests upon Russia, and " the gravity cf the situa tion." No right-judging observer will deny that Russia makes herself responsible for all the conse sequences which the prolongation of the troubles of Poland may produce. It would seem, from this despatch, that Earl RUSSELL has done all he could in the way of remonstrance and treaty; and as at present it is not expedient to resort to arms, it would be difficult to say how or in what manner he could have acquitted himself better. THE EMPEROR NAPOLEON IMPERIAL GUARD AND ATTENDANTS.—The commander of the Imperial Guard is Marshal Regnaud de St. Jean d'Angely. Irrespective of the Imperial Guard, there is what is called the Maison Militaire de l'Empereur, the head of which is Marshal Valliant, Grand Marshal of the Palace. Second to this functionary is the Adjutant-General of the Palace, General Rolin. The Emperor has 16 aides de camps, eight of whom are generals of division, two of whom are generals of brigade, five of whom are colonels on the staff, and one of whom is a colonel of artillery. The head of the Em peror's topographical cabinet is Baron de Bexille. He has also seven officiers d'ordonnance. WATER-LILIES —to the largest of which Sir R. Schomburgk has happily given the name of Victoria Regia. Like the sacred lotus of the Nile, the flowers of the white water-lily rise and expand as the day advances and the sun gains strength, closing again at evening, sleeping, as it were, through the hours of darkness until awoke by the first rays of the morning sun. The yellow water-lily is almost as attractive, in its golden radiance, as its more modestly-attired and charming sister. "In golden armour glorious to behold," the blossom has a somewhat powerful smell, resembling ardent spirits; hence the not very poetical epithet of " brandy-bottle" is sometimes given to it. MACE, THE PUGILIST, is thus described by a cor respondent of one of the Scotch papers—" The width of the creature's shoulders is marvellous, and his fists made me shudder. lie was not a bad-looking animal by any means, but dressed in a style such as I never saw out of a theatre, one ring in particular, with a atone in it nearly as largo as a halfpenny, gracing his knuckles, and looking for all the world like a small tombstone in memory of some Luckless wretch whose skull he had cracked." ANOTHER MARVELLOUS FEAT OF A CHESS. PLAYER !—At the late congress of the Rhenish chess clubs llcrr Paulsen played ten games at a time, fighting 20 opponents at every board, and continuing for 15 hours unremittingly. At the end of this extraordinary effort, rendered more difficult by turning- his back to the boards, and opposing players of tried mettle, he had lost three games, won three, and came to a draw in the case of the four others. The monster contest lasted from half-past two till half-past five in the morning. While it was going on Herr Paulsen never left the chair, placed at some dis• tance from the boards, and at the further end of the plat form erected at one side of the hall. The boards were watched in his interest by Herr Wilfred Paulsen, his bro ther, and also a phenomenon in his way, who moved the figures, announcing in a loud voice his opponent's moves. He exhibited a power of memory nearly similar to that of his brother's, for while the latter was playing with one of ba e t l el when asa hem hiso left it the ten h e a ll owe d the nine others to displace the figures amount brother, of 6 whenever e and try a ll sorts o f moves, showing the position of the hoard pt in squares thei rmind w dt turn hur3i c o ; mt figures round. rg ae sr acisnt r u e g , tr e a e d s . over them, LATEST INTELLIGENCE. [RELTTER'S TELEGRAMS.] CHINA AND JAPAN. SHANUHAI, AUG 4. Major Gordon was victorious on the 27th ult., and captured Vaking (Nanking ?). Burgevine, with 500 rowdies, has joined the rebels. Intelligence received from Japan states that the Japanese princes Were giving trouble. The Semiramis had landed a force at Negate (?) and engaged and defeated the Japanese troops. THE BOMBAY MAIL. The following telegram has been received at Mr Pouter's office from the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company : — MARSEILLES, SEPT. 17. The Valetta with the above mail, reached this port at 7 a.m. this day. The mail leaves for London by the 11 30 a.m train. FRANCE. PARIS, SEPT. 27. " We," says the Patric," have already announced that the Earopean Commission, formed for the purpose of deciding on the improvements to be made at the mouths of the Danube, and particularly in the St. George's Channel, had forwarded the result of their deliberations to their respective Governments. A letter from Constantinople states that the Porte has declared against the improve meats proposed, on the plea of the great outlay they would entail on the Ottoman treasury." A letter from Biarritz, in the Sport, mentions that on the arrival of the Emperor at night, his Majesty passed throu,gh a double line of visitors, and the population, headed by the mayor and cur!, each person holding a torch in his hand. The honours of the reception once paid, the residents and bathers have, with commendable good taste, since allowed his Majesty to enjoy the repose and privacy which his object in visiting Biarritz is to obtain. At the first ball which took place on Monday at the Villa Eugenic, the Empress WaS es usual attired with elegant simplicity ; her Majesty's dress consisting of a white muslin dress with a light blue sash, and her hair bound with a diadem of ribbon of the same colour. The Cotillion, led as usual by the Marquis de Caux, terminates the fete at midnight. Refreshments are handed round by Et young Egyptian in his native dress. A detachment of 300 men belonging to the 51st of the Line is about to leave Angers to embark for Mexico to join the rest of the regiment. A series of experiments are shortly to take place at the Ile-d'Aix, with rifled cannon of different calibres under the direction of Colonel Lie sot. Two batteries from La Itt.chelle and Nantes have pro ceeded to th e I le, where 12 Generals of Divis i on and of Bri ga d e will assemble to superintend the experiments. BOURSE, Sept. 16.—The Three per Cents. are quoted ex div. The market has been heavy, and the limited amount of business done shows lower prices Threes are now at 68f. 15c. Mobilier have also re. ceded. Railway Shares have been rather ( ffered and quotations on many lines are lower. The mar ket closed as foll ows : 4t per Cents...... . 95 75 Do. end month.... 3 per Cents ...... 68 10 Do. end month.,.. 68 15 Credit Mobilier.... 1190 Do. end m0nth....1188 75 Bank Shares...... 3395 Credit loncier ....1400 Italian Loan 73 85 Do. end month 73 80 New ditto Do. end month — Russian .. — Austrian Spanish Threes.„ Home Debt .. RA ILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans ................ 1042 50 .. 1040 Northern .... .......... 1000 1000 New ditto ............. • • -- Lyons and Mediterranean 1035 .. 1037 50 Geneva Southern Wester n Eastern .... - • • 510 Sardinian 427 50 • • .. 427 50 Austrian Lon.bard North of Spain Saragossa. 667 5 0 • • 667 5O Ditto to Barcelona .... 365 .. 367 50 the Germanic Confederation with regard to Poland are equally undeserving of notice. The Germanic Confederation entertains no aggressive designs against her neighbours." RUSSIA. Our St. Petersburg correspondents (says the Nord) sends us the following particulars respecti ng Prince Gortschakoff's despatch and the memoran dum which accompanies it :—" In the best informed circles of the capital more was known of the me. morandum, which is very long, than of the despatch which is very short. The Russian memorandum i t , an answer to that annexed to the last despatch of M. Dronyn d e Lhuys, but is a separate docum ent, and revewing all th e p h ases s t i r v e e a i t y in i g nt t e h r e na q t n io es n t a ir i from a point of view exclu through which it has passed sinc e th e Congress of Vienna. It carefully examines h o w far Russia i s bound by the treaties signed at that Congress, an d gives a full account of the who l e proceedings o f the of fe Poland u a Co t n o g ao ress itself. Its object is to pro ve that h , ni t y he already ap p lie a d u e o c n r eoefd whichhas the not been suspended, but only imp eded b y the insurre c ti on, satisfies all the obligat i o ns w h ich Russia h a d Kingdom con tracted towards Europe: Howev er — and we espe cially note this declaratio n alre ady made on several occasions by the Cabinet of St. Petersburg —the elective provincial representation does not consti tute the whole of the Russia n programme, As to the contents of the despatch we are not so well in formed, but we know enough to indicate its tenour. It maintains the point on which R ussia has con stantly insisted, w hich is, the n ecessity of a durable pacification as a condition of more extended reforms. If the Russian Gove rnment does not enter into fur ther developments, it IS solely from a desire not to envenom the debate. As to the six points, the Russian Governmen t admits that no disagreement exists respecting them, and Russia will do every thing in her power to solve a question which is a source of misunderstanding between the Cabinets. Such are the princ ipal declarations contained in the last despatch from Prince Gortschakoff." ------.. THE MEX ICAN CROWN. The Ost-Deutsch Pot contains the follow ing re marks on the offer of the Mexican Crown to the Archduke Maximilian :114 The Mexican deputation will arrive in the course of nex t wee k at Mi ramare . O most singular quest i ons wh i ch has ever been Austria will therefore be de cided in a few days. Th e hi s t ory o f t h e I mper i a l House presents no anal ogous case . A n A rch d u k e of Austria, the near est agnate o f the reigning ne of prop ounded t he t o Sovereign, is called upon to abandon his native land, in which, cording to the domestic regul a ti on o f th e Imperial Family, he p ossesses i mportant r i ghts and h ss ; g reat duties to f u lfi l for the purpose of ascending in a distant country ath rone w hi ch has yet to be founded,y w hi c h has been won b _ foreign arms, and to the su pport of which Austria, with all her military ac a bsolute fact that the Emperor of the French is the power, cannot in any way contribute. It is an only serious protector of that throne. Nor is it less certain that , w h atever Prince may occupy it, he will be obliged to govern, to a certain extent, in con fcruny with French interests. Protected by a French garrison it and deriving his resources from a French loan, what a position for a new Emperor ! From all these ecnsiderations, it is probable—%e deputation will a wish we could sas it is certain—that the Mexican Et succeed in persuading an Aus trian Prince to go to Mexico." AUSTRIA. --- The Correspondence following T Generale of Vienna has the e Europe of Frankfort of the 10th contains a letter frim a Paris correspondent, assert. tiny that Prince Xetternich some time bawl assured the French Gover ment t h at A ustr i a wou ld go as far in the Polish tuestion as France might desire, and even woulct net shrink from a war with Russia. We are'able to declare positively that no such aE surance has ever teen given, nor any such inten• tions expressed. 'Mere consequently has been no reason whatever fo 7 the Austrian Cabinet to dis avow its representative in Paris, as stated by the correspondent of th e Europe. The conjectures of this 84111 e correspondent relative to the projects of SPAIN. The Madrid journals publish the text of the manifesto issued by the Spanish Progressistas, in favour of abstention during the approaching elections. " This document," says the Temps, " appears more important from the authority of its signature, among which are the names of MM. Olozaga, Madoz, Calvo Asensio, and Count* de Reuss, than the strength of the arguments it contains. Under the pretext that they are deprived of the right of meeting, its authors declare their intention of withdrawing to their tents until the time whe❑ liberty shall triumph. But liberty is not a divinity which intervenes at any given moment, and her advent is not likely to be promoted by holding aloof." AUSTRALIA, PLYMOUTH, Wednesday. The ship Anglesey, 1,018 tons, Captain M. H. Smith, belonging to Messrs. Green, of Black wall, from Melbourne June 9, has passed up channel, having landed here 16 passengers, including Cap tains Duncan and Gill, and Messrs. S. Perry, James Moore, Thomas Harvey, Joseph Bray, George Lud low, and James Paul, one of those who discovered a profitable "rush" in New Zealand, There are in all 9 cabin, 24 second cabin, and 94 steerage pas sengers, among whom are Mr. Alfred Selwyn, the Government Geologist; Dr. Molloy, Capt. Skelton, Mr. Moate, and Mr. D. Fraser. She brings 762 bales of wool, 16 casks of tallow, and 36,281 ounces of gold, valued at £145,124, besides some small parcels in the hands of her passengers ; also an emu, several wallobys, and a choice collection of Australian birds, geese, ducks, &c. The Anglesey rounded Cape Horn July 20, pissed the Isle of Trinidad August 4, and crossed thy: line in long. 26 13 W August 12. The first ice was observed June 27 at 11 p.m. ; on the night of the 28th it was all round the ship, excepting the course by which she entered. One was three miles in circumference. The sky was illuminated by the reflection from the ice. The ship was put about. Ice was ob served from this time to the 10th of July. When she was in lat. 54 30 S., long. 96 20 W., she spoke on the 28th of July, a bark 61 days from Puebla for Falmouth ; Aug. 2, in lat. 28 55 S., long. 28 39 W.,the ship Nauphante, from Valparaiso for Liver. pool; ad, in lat. 27 5 S., long. 28 32 W., the ship North Henty, from Torquana for Liverpool; 4th, the ship Water Nymph, 41 days from London for Melbourne ; 29th, the American schooner Admiral Blake, of Massachusetts ; Sept. 6, in lat. 41 46 N., long. 35 10 W., observed a large number of out ward and homeward bound ships, which were all passed by the Anglesey ; Sept. 14, in lat. 48 27N., long. 7 46 W., the ship Laura Dale, outward bound, and a ship supposed to be the Dover Castle. The ship Moravian, Capt. Edward, which left Gravesend on the 3d inst., for Australia, has passed down Channel off this port ; all well. i „.' Discovery of Gold in New Caledonia. A letter from New Caledonia of the 4th July, in the Patrie, gives the following account of the dis covery of gold in that colony :—ln March last some miners, in lawiur of whom a subscription had been raised, left Porte de France in search of gold. The part of the island comprised between that place and the river Hyenguene was examined without result, but from the latter point indications of the precious metal showed themselves in all directions, and on arriving at a place called Honehiahomme, about a mile from the church,of Puebo, a missionary station, they found auriferous grounds on the borders of a ravine. The gold was found in flakes close to the surface, lying mixed up with particles of quartz. Auriferous soil was also found at Bonde, Amine, and in all the parts of the country comprised be tween the Hyenguene and the Diahot. The Go vernor was on a tour to Napoleonville with M. Coelogon when he received the news of the dis covery, and proceeded immediately to Puebo with the miner who was at the head of the exploring party. Some of the earth was washed in his pre sence, and he was able to convince himself of the existence of the gold. Even with the means now used, by simply putting the earth into a vessel and washing it in the rivulet, a good workmen may earn sf. to 6f. an hour. The Governor has come to no decision es to the working, but he has sent specimens to the Minister of Marine, and requested instructions ; in the meantime explorations but no workings will be allowed." THANKSGIVING FOR THE HARVEST. The following letter has been addressed by the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury to the clergy of his diocess : " Addington-park, Sept. 11. "Rev. and dear Sir,—The spectacle we have just wit nessed of the in-gathering of a most abundant harvest dur ing a singularly favourable season calls for our devout acknowledgments to Almighty God for this instance of His providential care in thus blessing the labours of the husbandman, Believing that it will be congenial to your own feelings as well as to those of your parishioners that public thanks should be offered in the Church for our Heavenly Father's goodness towards us, I trust that you will set apart some early day on which the inhabitants of your parish may meet together in the house of God to offer, through the services of the• Church, the outpouring of their grateful hearts for the signal mercy thus vouchsafed to our land. In recollection of the past sufferings of a large por tion of our manufacturing population, our sense of this mercy will we deepened when we reflect how vastly such sufferings would be aggravated by a scarcity of the staff of life during the coming winter. " It will be fitting that a collection should be made as a thank-offering after the sermon which will be preached ; and, as there is no diocesan church building society, I would recommend that the amount gathered should be de. voted to the use of the IncJrporated Society for Building and Enlarging Churches, which has, doubtless, made very many grants towards building churches in this diocese. " That this solemn occasion may be so improved and blessed as to impress us all with a deeper sense of our de pendence on the bounty of our Gracious Father for our daily bread and our daily comforts is the sincere prayer of "Your faithful and affectionate friend and brother, " C. T. CANTUAIt." The Bishop of Winchester has addressed the fol. lowing letter to the Venerable Dr. Jacob, Arch deacon of Winchester " Jersey, Sept. 12. " My dear Archdeacon,—On inquiry of the Archbishop of Canterbury I do not learn that a day of general thanks giving for the late hat vest is expected to be appointed with the sanction of the Queen in Council. Under these circum stances 1 request you will communicate to the clergy of your archdeaconry my recommendation that they should set apart some convenient day in their several parishes for the purpose of offering collectively humble thanks to Almighty God for His great goodness in vouchsafiaggs the abundant harvest of the present season. It is probable that in most, if not in all, instances collections will be proposed after the sermons in the churches; and I would suggest as a very appropriate object the devotion of the alms so given to the fund for rebuilding the Hampshire County Hospital. "I am, my dear Archdeacon, your affectionate friend and " C. WINTON." brother, In a similar letter to the Venerable J. S. Utter ton, Archdeacon of Surrey, the Bishop recommends that the alms collected in that archdeaconry shall be given to the new Surrey Hospital at Guildford. WHITHER BOUND ?—There are several steam ships of war now building in France under the same mysterious circumstances as those at Messrs. Laird's yard, Birkenhead. The two building in a private yard at Nantes are represented as pierced for 22 guns each, with engines of 400 horse power, and intended to have a speed of 14 knots an hour. A condition of the contract is said to be that these vessels are to be delivered to the owners 20 miles out at sea, off Belle Isle, Two others, of similar character, are building in the yard of M. Arman, at Bordeaux. THE POPULATION OF THE GLOBE.—A professor of the University of Berlin has recently published, the result of his researches as to the population of the earth, according to which Europe contains 272 millions ; Asia, 720 millions ; Africa, 89 millions ; America, 200 millions, and Polynesia 2 millions—making a grand total of 1,283 millions of inhabitants. As in places where deaths are accurately registered the annual mortality is at least 1 in 40, the number of deatho must be about 32 millions every year, which gives 87,761 per day, 3,653 per hour, and 61 per minute, so that every emtond witnesses the extinction of one human life. Anot her calculator states that the number of persons who have 'ed en the earth since the creation is 36,627,813,275,075,855 If ht.i I . rnibro ier,aurt - - 1 _ c,, Dien •,.. :'-. / 1 W W42 41%. ,, . HER MAJESTY. Arrival of the Queen in Scotland: With gracious consideration her Majesty delayed her arrival at Balmoral by proceeding from Perth on Tuesday morning, to visit the Duke of Athole at Blair Castle. (His grace, it will be remembered, is in a critical state.) The royal train went from Perth to Blair Athole by the new Perth line, and return ing, joined the Seottish North Eastern line at Stan ley. Dr Mathews and Mr. Birnie, directors of the Scottish North Eastern Railway accompanied the train. Ferry hill, Aberdeen, was reached at 3.12. Here the engines were changed, and a couple of eLgines of the Deeside were stationed. The Scot • tish North Eastern directors also left the royal train, and their places were taken by Mr. Duncan, chairman, and three other of the directors of the Deeside Railway. The station at Ferry hill was kept quite private, only the Lord Provost of Aberdeen, the convener of the county, and a few officials being present. The blinds of the Queen's carriage were, however, drawn, so that her Majesty could be sten as she acknowledged the respectable though quiet greetings of these present. Aboyne was reached at 4.25, and the Queen posted thence to Baimoral in about a couple of hours. The day was pretty favourable, though sev.)ral heavy showers fell. The Prince and Princess of Wales. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Wales will prolong their residence at Abergeldie till the close of the week after next, and will then go to Sandringham, Norfolk, for a few weeks. Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge is expected to arrive at utuucester House to-day from Rum penheim, near Frankfort, whcro hio royal highness has been staying with tho Duchess of Cambridge and the Princess Mary. Prince Lieven has arrived at the Clarendon Hotel. The Duchess (Dowager) of Sutherland and Lord Albert Leveson Gower have left Stafford House, St. James's, for Clivedan, near Maidenhead. We understand that the duchess has abandoned her intention of going abroad. The Duke and Duchess of Roxburghe have left the Clarendon Hotel for Floors Castle. The Duchess of Montrose and Lady Violet Graham, the Earl and Countess of Bective, Lord and Lady Rendlesham, Lord Dunksllin, the Hon. Miss Canning, the Hon. G. Cadogan, Sir Robert Brownrigg, Sir Hedworth and Lady Williamson, Mr. H. Hodgson, M.P., Captain Beaumont, M. Van de Weyer, Mr. A. Baring, &e., are now visiting Mr. and Lady Margaret Beaumont at Bretton-park, Yorkshire. The Eari and Countess of Warwick are shortly expected at their house in the Stable-yard, St. James's, from visiting the Earl of Wemyss at the family seat in Scotland. The Earl of Orford has arrived at Claridge's Hotel from Aylshaw, Norfolk. The Earl of Annesley is expected to leave Don caster (where, as one of the stewards, he has been attend ing the races) on Saturday, for his seat in Ireland. _ _ The Countess (Dowager) of Jersey, accompanied by Lady Harriet Ponsonby, left town yesterday to spend the autumn at Brighton. _ _ Viscount Dupplin and the Hon. Misses Hay have left town for Dupplin Castle, near Perth. Lord and Lady Londesborough arrived in town last evening from Doddington Park, near Chippenham. THE FRENCH CAMP AT CHALONS is now entirely broken up, and no troops remain there except the usual garrison. THE VOLUNTEERS' total enrolled strength is now 159,000 men of all ranks, of whom 1,300 are cavalry, 23,000 artillery, 2,500 engineers, and 132,000 rifle volunteers. EFFECTUAL WAY OF LAYING A PATENT GHOST. —The latest in the ghostly line is the announcement at Bristol, made this week by public advertisement, that, owing to an unforeseen circumstance, the ghost could not appear till further notice. 1 his sudden indisposition of the ghost is the first instance on record. It appears that they smashed his speculum on the rail, and tnus laid the ghost effectually. The recipe is valuable. IT is calculated that 700,000 people had flocked :o Paris for the late Fete de l'Etnpereur. Sir Bernard Burke, Ulster King at Arms, and the well-known author of the "Peerage and Baronetage," was educated at the College of Caen, where he carried off, amongst other prizes, that awarded for exemplary conduct. To preserve the pleasing memory of his youthful triumphs, he sends every year a splendidly-bound cppy of one of his own works to be added to the prize awarded for exemplary conduct. At the last distribution of prizes, the volumes kindly sent by Sir Bernard were presented to M. E. Tessier by M. Bertrand, mayor of the city of Caen, who presided over the solemity. LONDON IMPROVEMENTS.—The Inns of Court Hotel Company are about to commence operations between Lincoln's-inn-fields and Holborn, and at the same time will most probably be begun that gigantic undertaking by which the Government proposed to unite Farringdon street and Leicester-square on one side by a road straight through Shoe-lane, Chancery-lane, Carey-street, Princes street, Drury-lane, and Great Russell-street; and on the other side to open a new means of communication between Holborn and the Strand, through Lincoln's , inn-fields and the dirty regions of Clare-market. IIIE MOON !—Atiyoue, says Professor Phillips, who goes to see the process of extracting the silver from lead ore may have an opportunity of witnessing, on a small scale, causes in operation producing exactly similar effects to those observed ,n the surface of the moon. After the process is completed, and the litharge all blown off from the pure silver, the observer may be very apt to go away, nothing apparently remaining to be seen ; but it he wait for a short time, as the mass of silver cools, he will soon see its surface torn up by explosions from within, caused by the extrication of oxy gen gas, and elevations and fissures pro duced exactly resembling those on the surface of the moon as observed in the beat instruments. THE GHOST A LA PEPPER.—This very day I have seen some hundred ghosts, and sures of people saw them with me, though not consciously. It was in an om nibus, passing from Charing-cross to the City. The plate glass in the shops had dark backgrounds, and became thus the dark chambers of Porta, and everything that passed by was projected by the vision into the shops. It was a per fect phantasmagoria, and it was the plate-glass that pro duced the effect " polished like a looking-glass on both sides." I had occasion afterwards to enter a butcher's shop, the front open, and a counting-house in the interior, glazed with plate •glass. Projected into this glass were dozens of ghosts of the sheep and beeves hanging up in front. They were as clean as photographs, and with a similar effect.—Once a Week.. INTERESTING DISCOVERY AT WlNDSOrt.—Cardi nal Wolsey's Chapel is now being restored and beau tified, and while erecting some richly carved stone-work last week, it became necessary for the workmen of Messrs. Poole (who have charge of the restoration) to cut away a portion of the wall on each side of the doorway opening into the cloisters, opposite St. George's Chapel. On remaoving the masses of stone from the mortar in which they were imbedded, sixteen or eighteen of the pieces were discovered to have formed (it is supposed) a portion of the chapel erected by Henry 111. These interesting relics form por tions of the jamb of a doorway with ogee mouldings pillars, and other parts of an ancient ecclesiastical edifice. On one of the stones is an angel's wing, while the mouldings and surfaces still bear the crimson, green, red, and black colours with which they wore decorated in curved and zig-zag lines. The whole of the stones seem to have belonged to the early English and Norman periods. They have been examined by Mr. Batchelor, the anti quarian of Windsor Castle, and it is believed that in the reign of Henry VIII. they were used in the construction of the present edifice in forming the interior wall. A photo graph of the stones has been taken by Mr. Poole. The carving will be taken to the Castle for her Majesty's in spection on her return from Scotland. GEOGRAPHICAL DISCOVERIES.—AII great acces sions to geographical knowledge, observes a Satur day Reviewer: Nearchus' descent of the Indus, Do Gania's passage of the Cape, the voyages of Columbus and M'Clure, the journeys of Lander and Livingstone—have been wel comed with exultation. The early settlers in America toiled long in felling the forests that enclosed them, for they sheltered the Indian and the wild beast, and when the tra veller ventured into the shades, the horror of darkness troubled his spirit. So the axe sounded cheerily till at last men found their landscape bare, and their stock of fuel almost:gone, and passed laws to save what remained. Some • what in this way do we begin to shrink from the comple tion of the survey of the world. Every one, except each successive asjrant for himself, wishes the Matterhorn to stand as it has stood, the maiden peak of the Alps, un sealed and unapproachable. We had half hoped that at least one problem of geography would outlast our day. It is strange enough that that problem should be the very secret which is recorded to have first roused mell's curiosity —the source of the Nile. Even this has at length found its solution ; and the last link which joined us to the old world is snapped, now that the question of Tibullus is an swered : Nilo pater, quanam possum to dicere causa, Aut quibus in taxis, occuluisse eaput, LITERATURE. A Winter in ripper and Lower Egypt. By G. A. Hoskins, Esq., F.R.G.S., author of " Travels in Ethiopia." One vol., pp. 346. Hurst and Blackett. Mr. Hoskins visited Egypt in 1832, and again in 1860-61, the first time to see the country and inspect its monuments, the second time with the object of recruiting his health. He found that thirty years had effected great changes and improvements in the mode of travelling, and to show us how great was the contrast between the sufferings of his first voyage and the comfort and even luxury of his second, he has given an interesting comparison of the two. To travellers who, like Mr. Hoskins, are recommended to explore the Nile in search of health this volume will be invaluable. It abounds with excellent practical advice and very useful and minute directions with respect to the preparations and provisions necessary for the voyage. With regard to the time of starting the following hints will be found worthy of attention : " Few travellers visit Egypt now before November or December, but for invalids who desire a dry climate, and require a continuance of fine weather to re-establish their health, it is better to go there the beginning of October , There is then a greater chance of a smooth passage, and being early, they have the choice of boats and servants. They have an opportunity, also, of seeing some portions of the Delta covered with the inundation, and the villages surrounded with water like little islands. The sunsets on the Nile are also finer at the end of October or beginning of November than afterwards. Travellers during these months should carefully avoid the night damps, which, however, diminish as you sail up the river, and at Esneh cease en tirely." " The landing for the first time in Africa," says Mr. Hoskins, " is very interesting. The picturesque ness of the costumes, the profusion and v ar iety of colours—blue and white predominating—red caps with blue tassels, and white, yellow, green, and red turbans, being the usual headdress of the men—the strings of laden camels, the shouting and bawling in an unknown tongue by a vivacious people, the beautiful minarets, and, amidst this confusion and bustle, the quiet imperturbable demeanour of the Turks and Arabs transacting their business, and at the same time smoking their pipes cross legged before their stalls, are very Oriental." On landing, however, he suggests the advisability of several travellers keeping together, with sticks in their hands, to ensure the respect of the Arabs. " On my last visit to Egypt," he says, " I was nearly torn to pieces, so violent was their scramble for me and my luggage." After this inhospitable beginning his wanderings were pleasant enough. The different features of the romantic route from the Bazaars to the Pyramids are all detailed to us in the most interesting manner. But the great ad vantage of this volume, which renders it superior to all other Egyptian works of travel we have met with, is the advice and instructions we have already alluded to. Those who are going to Egypt cannot do better than make themselves acquainted with this book ; and those who are not disposed to take the excursion themselves may, by the aid of Mr. • Hoskins' pleasant description, make themselves familiar, by proxy, with the various attractions and peculiarities of a winter in Upper and Lower Egypt. Geology for the Million. By Margaret Plues. Edited by Edward Wood. One vol., pp. 156. Routledge, Warne, and Routledge. A popular guide to the marvels of Geology is the latest edition to the Messrs. Routledge's compre hensive series of railway books—the series familiar to the public as one littering the book-stall of every railway station in the United Kingdom with certain brightly coloured volumes, well known as Routledge Cheap Literature. Whether Margaret Plues has ever herself handled the hammer of the geologist, we know not; but, one way or another, either through books or through personal investigation, she has made herself sufficiently well acquainted with the wonders stored up in this world under our feet, to be enabled very agreeably and very lucidly to impart much of her own scienti fic knowledge to the tin-scientific reader. As the first step (across the threshold, as it were), into this Grand Temple of a Science built up out of the giant crags of a world before the Flood ! Of a world:furtlaer back even than that—a pre-Adainite world, the ages of the extinct monsters—of those stupendous nightmares in flesh and blood, sur passing in mere horror of aspect the gry phons of heraldry and the dragons of the Fairy tales ! THE PTERODACTYLE-- a flying reptile of most repulsive appearance---a reptile that could swim and walk as readily as it could fly—loathsome as a bat, larger than a cormo rant—with sixty teeth, huge saucer eyes, enor mously elongated snout, and wings ribbed like vast expanded umbrellas ! THE IGUANODON, a gigantic reptile like a crocodile, from thirty to forty feet in length and twenty feet in thickness—a formidable , head a yard in length from snout to neck—a tail five yards in length—legs of appalling circum ference —enormous feet, each armed with a claw five inches long! THE PLESIOSAURUS, with a huge birdlike head, having a spoonshaped beak armed with about a hundred thin pointed teeth—an asto nishingly long flexible neck, a neck longer in pro portion to its body than that of a swan—a reptile carcase like that of a lizard or crocodile—and, instead of legs, four wide flapping paddles like fins ! THE ICHTHYOSAURUS, vaster, more terrible, more hide ous—with a short neck, almost, it might be said, no neck at all, but a snout of fearfal size, bristling along the inner edge of eachenormous jaw with tusks of terrible length and strength—its four paddle like fins, proportionately gigantic, capable not only of flapping the waters of the deep with wonderful rapidity, for its swift propulsion, bat capable also of carrying the creature with astonishing rapidity on dry land. The APTERYIC, the enormous wing less bird of New Zealand—The MEQATHERIUM- - The MASTODON—The TELEOSAURUS—The MEGA LOSAURUS—The HYL.ZEOSAURUS ! Here they all stalk, in succession, before the youthful student is the science of Geology—here they appear visibly i 1 the effigies of them given in the illustrations of this little handbook—heie they are described with. admirable succinctness and accuracy in the letter press penned by Margaret Pines, and edited by Ed ward Wood. As a volume excellently well calcu lated to popularise a very noble and enthralling study, Routledge's Geology for Me Million deserves the welcome it is secure of winning. The Harp of the Welsh Mountaineer, By Fawcet t Dawson. Bvo. pp. 43. Simpkin, Marshall and Co. The enthusiastic Cambrian who has written th is amazing lay, entitled " A Fairy Legend of Early British Fairies," needs from the London critic not one syllable of encouragement. Unknown his name may be, undoubtedly is, in the literary circles of the metropolis. No matter —he announces, with manifest exultation, the fact of his identity. The domino and mask he has worn hitherto, while writing anonymously, we know no more about than we do about himself, the wearer of it. Yet maek and domino he now strips off with a flourish, for the purpose of revealing his own actual indivi duality. He tells us on his title page that he we hold our breath in suspense, awaiting the rave.- lation—" The son of Ebor," of the York Courant. Even then. however, we are by no means startled, for of the " Son of Ebor'' we never heard mention. previously to this very announcement of Mr, Dawson's. As t o th e amour pronre o f t h e au thor being in any way offended by any such acknow ledgment of ignorance on our part as this, we doubt it. And for the simple reason, that so intense is our author's self-confidence in his own - powers, so in tense is his belief in his own importance, that in the shape of an introduction or address to his " Gentle Reader" he can speak thus frankly Per haps, reader, when you take up this Book, you will exclaim, Oh, poetry and cast it aside. Be not so rash ; poetry is the language of the Deity. He speaks it in every leaf and flower, in every sunbeam, and in every cloud. All poets are prophets, true or false, according to the bias of their genius. When a nation ceases to produce poets, or becomes so lost in frivolity as to disregard their aspiratio4s, that nation has no longer healthful vitality. All the representative empires have produced great poets iu their primary and culminating periods." bupposv,is tilt culminating reriod, Ewa heAce -41* lid ( au' tts V°, loft awi imr. trul in t Ne el dis E V ex kin of