The Sun. — London, England, 1863-10-17 00:00:00

THE WESTERN" STATES. (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) CINCINNATI, OHIO., Sept. 30, Before I left Louisville, on Saturday last, I was pssitivo;y assured that Government had pressed into the service of the arn3Y 500 railroad cars, a rolling stock adequate to the conveyance of 25,000 troops. S:ece I came to Cincinnati, I learnt that eeveral railway lines had been also seemed for exclusively military purposes. The Government are evidently straining every nerve to send large reinforcements to the army of Rosencranz at Chattanooga. We are in all probability on the eve of a great conflict in East Tennessee; most people expect to hear of a general engagement before the end of the week. The gamblers of the Stock Exchange at New York have already endeavoured to anticipate events by announcing the " surrender of Resencranz" this very day—au artifice by which they raised gold to 143 k. Meanwhile, the reverse of the Army of th e Cum berland on the 19th and 20th, however far from deci sive, has been sufficiently serious to disturb the equanimity of the authorities at Washington. The Government is at a loss for new recruits. Bounties of 300 and even 400 doll. are temptations held out in vain. President Lincoln sneered at his adversary for " driving the Southern conscripts into the ranks like bullocks into the slaughter-pen ;" but the taunt has been bitterly retorted upon him, and he will never hear the last of it. The sinews of war are broken, owing to the incapacity o f those who b ad the managem en t o f it, The Northern soldier marches under conviction that he is to fall a victim to the incapacity of his leader. The patriot who rushed to the field as a volunteer was disgusted by contact with the hireling who fought by his side ; the conscript who was pressed into the ranks by the draught, was indignant at the exemption purchased by the 300 doh). men, which s ent him to the war in one mass with a pack of venal disreputable substitutes. The sword girt round the waist of a slave caused the weapon to drop from the side of the offended freeman. All these u ndignified resources are now exhausted. The draught, the substitutes, the en rolled militia, the arming of free negroes, the pur chase of black slaves to make soldiers of them, all have been tried, and all to little purpose. The Northerners are three to one against the Contede. rates. These latter are contending no less against heavy material than numerical odds. Yet the North is at a loss for soldiers, and will get none henceforth, unless it resorts to conscription in good earnest, and " drives its bullocks into the slaughter pen" by main force. Earnest Republicans are sadly put out about it. ig What are all these hundreds and thousands of hulking fellows hanging about billiard-rooms, lager beer saloons, and hotel bars for P" they say. " Be hold! a war meeting is announced, and you hear of 50,000 citizens assembling and breathing fire and vengeance against rascally rebellion; but call upon them to fill up the ranks thinned by death, disease, or desertion, and they are deaf to all entreaty, dead to all shame." So it is; men are not to be got for the army for love or money. However popular the war may be with a certain class of politicians, it has certainly ceased to be so with fighting men. I re peat; it is only justice to acquit the youth of the Northern division of the Union of lukewarmness in their country's cause. They have answered the first call with more than sufficient alacrity. It is the want of political and strategical ability on the part of their rulers which has damped their spirits, and worn out their endurance. While the issues of this great American civil war are pending on the banks of the Tennessee river, a no less momentous political contest is about to come off in this State of Ohio, the results of which will have no slight weight on the general destinies of the country. The 12th October has been appointed for the election of the Governor and other State autho rities here, and the choice of a head of the State lies between the Republican, Mr. Brough, and Mr. Vallandigham, the leader of the Democratic party, now banished beyond the limits of the American Union, and living in retirement at Windsor in Western Canada, opposite to Detroit. That same 12th of October will be election day in Pennsylvania Lo less than in Ohio, and the turn of New York will come in the ensuing November. Yet the tug of war, it is felt on all sides, is to be seen in this western region, and it is to Ohio that all the inter-States look up for a casting vote in this long debate be tween parties. It is on account of the great interest attached to the Ohio election, that I deem it expedient to tarry in and about Cincinnati till the great day is over. I have been hitherto endeavouring to spell out and define in my mind the various eognizances and de nominations by which men in this country descend into the political arena, and think the time has come when I may lay before the reader all I fancy I know upon the subject, not only as to the aims and views of the different parties, but also as to their relative strength, their c h ances o f v i ctory or d e f ea t. Tha broadest distinction between the political men of the Northern part of the Die-United States is that between "R-publicans" or supporters of the Administratian, and " Democrats," or opposition men. , The f ormer are divided into Conservative or Moderate Republic publican s . The Conservatives and Radicals, or Black Re ervatives are Unionmen at heart; stickl ers for their gre a t coun t ry an d th e i r constitution. They think th e on to the full restoration of o war should be carried the Union ; they deem themselves in duty bound # o stand by th e Govern ment so long a s i t is striving ' afte r th a t pr i mary and most essenti a l object thick and for th e rest, they h .h do not go with it through o k for Mr thin; Lincoln t hey e pro. nd fess no transcendent admiration his Cabinet, disapprove many of thei r measures, and think that many of their decrees and proclam a ti ons weight s hould have no gre a t er than so much was t e paper. They must have at th eniig l jment o f St a t e all price, how ever, if possible, with d ue ae k no vie of th e s e s l of the prolongation South of r i g hts, with due regard t o th e inte r w ith the least possible violati on interests possible s and the canet ituiion, with the least t his diaatroos war—but at any rate, the Union. I+,f en of this s tam p are, on principle, abolitionists b u t ready to put down slavery, or to Put ' up with it ns ma y best be conducive to the interests of the Union and the pacification of the Country. The Radical Republicans are anti-slavery men They talk a great deal above all things. about the Union, but at the top of all their thoughts is t he . everlasting Nigger." They are for war to" the bit ter end,' and shrink from the close of hostilities as a mad dog dreads and shu ns water. The y ho pe by two or three years' hard fighting to overrun the whole South, to lay it waste, to break the chains of the bla c ks by utter ruin of the whites, to recolonise the desolated land, to reororranise the culture of the soil on the principle of f::ee labour. If this scheme be feasible they w ill c arry it on so long as the North has a man or a dollar for the purpose. "Were their aim unattainable and the South strong enough to resist all attempts at subjugation, let it , P they would rather al; they would rather accept the inevitable "P' 7 AtiJa than come to terms with and b 3 partakers )-:eh as they slaveholdars, of that inivity NV--" . . think, h as ' repunlic, and been the disgrace of their %, has now wrought The men of this party are out this terrible war, . ktirty are staunch to their Government after their own fashion. Th e y carp and snarl at a nd good deal ; they urge. find fault with it a a it on fretfully, rancorously T.::nclerness and lnke w ; r , th n ey ess damn it for excessive every moment th at " wh ' oever i and intimate to it at s not with them is against them." an a d 'l f ie ra p te T n i7i e T s a a c r e c o a r l d s i a n a g lu e ' e sified into several sects are or declare themselves more or l ees decided Unionists Uai"i ' t s an d rot. The only rallying p o i nt a p eace c a ns is the Government. Thille"g the Republi only mind subject on t w hich the Democrats arc t ru l y of cne i i nd is hos tility to the Government. They all h war might and should from the beginning think that the . have been a voided ; they charge the Government with having plunged the country into it by sheer intolerance and prz.cipitance. A war began upon flimsy pretences, and from vain punctilios, they think, is now per pet crated from mere obstinacy, from craven instinct of self-preservation, from blind inability to got out of a serape. This war is, in their estimation, th e ruin of the country, physical and moral rain, politi cit and financial destruction. They lay upon the rulers at Waohington all its shocking mismanage ment, its avaTnl waste of Litman life, its ruinous ex- penditure ; they lay to their charge the choice of incffic:ent generals, the removal of able leaders, in obedience to paltry views of mean jealou r r blind party predilection. T. blame them fo • 'lac disas trous state of the national finances, for ;he reckless tampering with the currency, by wh et, the country has been broug'2t to the brink of bankruptcy. They charge them with the most flagrant abuse of powers with numberless arbitrary arrests, utter disregard of the most sacred rights of property, gagging of the press, interference with the right of meeting, violation of State rights, outrages against the Con stitution. They expose them or their subalterns for flagitious contracts, shameless emb it yerz zle jo:s and embezzlement of the public money, every variety of a dishonest transactions. Whateve t rma o y happen the country, the first thing, according the Dem ocrats of every denomination, is to withdraw the power of Abp Lincoln and associates. The his • d must be fought again st them inch by inch it from ground as till the expiration of the ir term of power, and every to secure their nerv e must be strained so „, tierce tolerably well, down falland, at the next Pres idential election. So far the Democr ats War Democrats , and who a re inclinin g to although a new s et has s p run g up, who go by the na me of the views of the Moderate or Conservative Republi- L cans, it may be taken for granted that, under pre sent c ircumstances, the word Democrat in this part efAmerica is synonymous with Peace Ilan; only there are some of these peace-men who think that the blessings of peace may be obtained compatibly with the preservation of the Union ; there are others who think that the South has seceded past all re conciliation, and that all hopes of a restoration of the old republic must be given up. It would be vain to look for the utterance of these opinions in the public press, vain to expect to hear them broached before a popular meeting. There is hardly a man in the whole country who dares to walk about without a mask, hardly one who does not seek his safety in a certain amount of reserve and reticence. No one would dare to speak openly of the dissolution of the Union. But ask privately some of the Democratic leaders, who, I must con fess, command my respect by their character, and enlist my sympathies in their behalf in preference to their rabid and ranting radical adversaries. I ask, what do they propose to do, whenever popu lar suffrage lays the supreme power in their hands —nay, what would they advise and de:_ ir e) were any unexpected change to place them at once, this very day, at the head of affairs? Some of them declare themselves sincerely and intimately Union ists; they protest that nothing would induce them to renounce the Union ; they are peace men ; they would offer fair terms to the South, meet it half way ; win it by liberal advances ; they would replace matters on the old footing, go back to the status quo ante bellum, restore State rights in all their integrity, deny the central power all inter ference with matters of mere local interest ; allow the Southerners as fall an enjoyment of their "pe culiar institution" as the original compact on which the Union was based clearly gave them. "Do you think any such tender on your part would shake the stern purpose of the South never again to be recon ciled to the North ?" I ask again, "Do you think that the mare fact of the downfall of the present Administration and of your accession to power would melt the hearis of your Southern brethren, and incline them to come to terms and listen to your plans of a compromise." "Not immediately, perhaps," is the answer. " The South might per severe in its obstinacy, and we might be under the necessity to fight on ; but we would speedily re move all grounds of offence; we would show our readiness to do full justice ; we would propose an armistice, open negotiations, pave the way for a re conciliation, of which the only sine qua non condi tion would be the restoration or preservation of the Union." These are the Unionist peace men ; but there are are also the separatist peace men, less out spoken, more timid, but far more firm and consistent, and I must say more plausible in their views. These latter are in great numbers Southerners by their connections, sympathies, or inclinations ; they are well conversant with the South, and hold that the South can no more bo propitiated than it can be overrun or subdued. They fell confident that the Confederates will either conquer their indepen dence or perish to a man. The project of the subjugation of so vast a continent as the Con federacy still occupies strikes them as the most absurd chimera. The mere thought of such an en terprise they set down as a most egregious folly. As the Southerners are, in their opinion, invincible, so are they als3 implacable. Separation is safer for them, more conducive to their interests, more in keeping with their aspirations, than re-union on the most advantageous terms. On the other hand, were it even possible to bring them to terms, could it even be managed to lead back these stray sheep into the fold, and to soothe their hostile passions by giving up to them the sore point of negro slavery, is it to be supposed that peace on such terms could be any. thing but flimsy and hollow ? Were the Southern slaveowners to acquiesce in the compact, would the Northern abolitionists equally accede to it? Can real solid peace be established where the cause of the war is not removed? Talk of bringing the sheep back into the fold ! Let the wolf devour it while it is at large, if he is swift and strong enough for it; but do not expect the fugitive voluntarily to come back into his jaws, so long as there are breezy downs and rocky hills for to fly to. Separation, in short, appears to these men no less desirable than it is in " evitable ; it is the only possible plausible solution of the great problem; and not by any means less irresistible because people struggle, and close their eyes, and harden their hearts against it. Such being, as far as long contemplation of the subject enables me to make out, the state of men's minds in this country with respect to the great crisis through which it is now passing, it may not be diffi cult to forecast the chances of the forthcoming election for the State of Ohio. DAnocrats and Republicans are of course equally confident as to its results; but there is little doubt that the lat ter are far more sanguine and more boast fully sure of their game than the former. Ad mitting for one moment that the two antago nistic parties are as near as possible balanced, the Republicans would still have all the engines of power and of Government patronage on their side. The country at large is weary of the war, doubtless, and the lower classes, upon whom mainly fall the tribute of bl oo d , are out of sorts and mutinous, and flatly refuse to "be driven like bullocks into the S ' au ghter pen. " ut among the well-to-do classes, eesnpoercraially in the c i t i es, the war has been the source of ous gains, the signal for the rise of prodigious fortunes. The State of Ohio, like all other Western States, us I h ope to be able to , prove in another let r, y , i h n a g s wauitffherietsd baenetdblioa sosuffen t e a g grievously—it is p the expenses of the ruin ous war. 13 ut Cincinnati, Cleveland, and other towns have had the lion's share see no objection to The few who have been ear-bin the people's spoils. of the many Prolongation, or even perpetuation, of the gainers by this great Calamity are not numerous pendants are legion, and th e i r ' but their de e tlthhoeb yretahle spoliation means extensive. Half a dozen stump orato rs , a entl ieatofAra il l i t i s g T h principled papers are easily p ro the vast multitude viterevpepir theye and these lead Union i 3 an idol, exercising a p eeB gi • ge over th e great m ass of Americans, which seems to deprive them of a ll reasoning powers, making them d eaf t m o to all argu ments, blind to all interests. The Govern meat is for [N ov . All opposition is sheer secessionism, rank copperhead treason, criminal disloyalty. Were the election conducted agreeably to fair play principles, h ow ever, it is possible that the up s h ot might be considered doubtful. The check of Rosen cranz on the frontie r of Georgia, the forced inaotion of Gilmore at C larieston the ill success of the Fode ral arms in Arkansas and Texas, have graatly sobered down some of the roost furious Republicans; the invasion of the various Southern region seems even to them every day a less practicable u aderteling ; the war which Mr. Seward promised to conclude in three months wilt ce rtainly stretch far beyond the limits of the third. year; there is no reason wlay it ; a the may not reac h t h e thirtieth. Th e b e ginn in g - end is no n earer t h an at the outset, an d men are not forthcomi ng up is at to fill th e ranks, and gal(' 148 3 , and the pecuniary resources 0 'the country are waxing lower and lower. Discontont, vague and uuspolz Qh)l 8 creeping araclng the lover orders, THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 17, 1863. even of these who profess themselves stanch sup porters of the present rulers. The Irish are all arrant I).mmerats,—indeed, furious S( cessionists ; but the Germans, who were almost all on the other side, are now greatly divided among themselves. Their tribute in blood has been the heaviest; one of the regiments recruited here was almost entirely cut down the Sunday before last near Chattanooga. There is mourning at every second Gorman door at Ci n cinnati, and people begin to ask at last what is the use of all this sacrifice, what its object, what its result ? Igrounds that many of th e Demo crats i sl s p a u yt o la n theseeir hopes that their party may prevail in the approaching trial of strength, at least so far as the "home vote" is concerned. They think that Government may make the most of the soldier's vote, for every man in the ranks of the army now in the field, or anywhere in active service, belong ing to the state of Ohio, will be made to vote away from his place of residence, the officers presiding at the military poll, whenever and wherever 20 voters may be gathered together to enter their tickets. How many calling themselves Ohio soldiers may happen to be strangers to the State, how many may be non -naturalized aliens, what dependence may be had on the fair dealing of the polling officers, to what extent th© soldier's vete may be biassed by his sense of subordination to his leaders, the framers of the new law never stopped to consider. The Emperor of the French taught Europa what an efficient electioneering engine the army might be turned into. Were the Democrats really to carry the home vote, and only to be beaten by the suffrage extorted from the army, the victory of the Government would be of little more avail to them than the great one of Kentucky or the earlier one of Maryland, and, even if the Republicans ob tained a clear and honest advantage in this Ohio and all other contests, the position of the Govern ment would not thereby be materially improved. It is good for no vessel to sail with too much wind astern, and rope may be given to a man till he hangs himself therewith. The rabid Radicals are far more dangerous to Mr. Lincoln and his Cabinet than the meek and sober Democrats. They have already forced him into many an impolitic, inhuman, impracticable mea sure. They daily become more overbearing, more exacting. Their violence and intolerance know no limits. The members of the Cabinet are already -7 -noses, outsped by rabid demagogues ; not all the • ho wever, for some of them, at least, have members, _ i-air , aide, and they strive to outwit, the ranters on ti... `‘ . ..ir colleagues in the race, to outrun, to overreach g ul L;ncoln boat is preparing against the day when L .. --aw will to be swamped, when the cleverest of the c.. be those who first rat from it. be exposed to many temptations, not only from those who sold to the poor but from those who bought of the poor, and he would require on his part a great amount of moral courage to resist those temptations which would be thrown in his way. Still he should remember the confidence which the magistrates reposed in him, and, by strict integrity, carry out that which would tend to the protection of the poor and his duty to the magistracy that appointed him, Mr. Faulkner thanked the magistrate for the honour conferred upon him and retired. Some minor matters having ham disposd of, the Court adjourned. Vacancies, Promotions, and Appointments in the Civil Service. (From the Civil Service Gazelle.) COLONIAL OFFICE.—The Chief Justicephip of Grenada, W. 1., has become vacant by tlie death of the Iron. W. D. Davis, WAR Or•:icn.—Mr. Jos. Augustus Battle has been ap pointed a temporary clerk in the manufacturing department. THE POST OFFICE.—Mr J.' G. Prentice has been pro moted from the supplementary to the third class, in the sec retary's office, Edinburgh. Mr F. Braid has been promoted from the supplementary to the third class, in the secretary's office, Edinburgh. Mr A. Lawson has been promoted from the supplementary to the third class, in the secretary's office, Edinburgh. Mr G. Young has been promoted to be cash clerk in the accountant's office, Edinburgh. Mr W, B. Hamilton has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the accountant's office, Edinburgh. Mr J. Smith has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the accountant's office, Edinburgh, Mr J. Slater has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the accountant's office, Edinburgh. Mr W. Campbell has been promoted from tho supple mentary to the second class in the accountant's office, Edinburgh. Mr F. J. Bishop has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the ac countant's office, Edinburgh. Mr J. Murray has been pro moted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting office, Edinburgh. Mr J. Cockburn has been pro moted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting office, Edinburgh. Mr W. Gray has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting office, Edinburgh, Mr G. B. Stronach has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting o ffi c e, Edinburgh. Mr J. Wier, jun., has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting o ffice, Edinburgh. Mr Newcombe, let clerk at Portsmouth, has b ee n promoted to be pstmaster at Yarmouth, Norfolk, vice Williams, who declined. LAW DEPARTMENT—Mr Thomas Lovell has been ap pointed chamber clerk to Mr Baron Pigott. CUSTOMS —Mr J. Lownds Douglas has been appointed au outdoor officer, London. Mr Samuel Hill has been a r g A e 1 r Priest c ha r l has eCharles John n n appointedSim shas aIl been outdoor appointed pointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr George Wallace Harris has been appointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr George Leach has been appointed an outdoor officer, London. oLlViuortnddoGoonero. officer, London. Mr William Sinclair has been a ppointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr Abram Morphy, : William 1 i 4 e t r h k clerk,. Dublin. litb el ihasnls. Hasler,t b a, been promoted William rthk c Dublin,lerk Corby, has oa t r o sb y b mb be 13th erlln6j3t John hhh clerk, promotede le l R e r r k. clerk, B , Dublin.huacts Buckley, eeb ;o,n rooted "emoted to be 16th clerk, Dublin. M r J o h n :.‘, clerk, has been P- T 1 ~arry, a Bth clerk, has beeii pr omoted to be 17th clerk, Dublin. Mr Curtis Hill, on. officer, third class, London, has been P romoted to be exsmining officer, sixth class, London. outdoor officer, fonrtb. class, London, has been promoted :::' (E xc ise Branch)—Mr Rd. Harris, INLAND REVENUE l‘' su ir pe j r . vi c :or ß , Bristol lake third distr,: 4. be examining officer, sixth class, London. East, - , e col E le: a t , 4n o . oll M ect r io P n; . Bristol collection, has been -, appointed to Colchester distric', T. Evans, supervisor, Colchester district, has been appointed to Bristol third district, Bristol col lection. Mr P. Knight, supervisor, Woolton district, Bris tol collection, has been appointed supervisor of Reading dis trict, Reading collection. Mr Alfred Byerley, examiner, has been appointed supervisor of Woolton district, Bristol collection. Mr James 'Watson, officer, Dalkeith division, Haddington collection, has been appointed to Edinburgh, 34th division, Edinburgh collection. Mr Wm- Geake, officer, Glasgow, 26th division,Glasgow collection, b,s4 been appointed to Dalkeith division, iladdington collection. Mr John Russell, officer, Dumbarton. ride, Ayr collection, has been appointed to Glasgow, 26th. division, Glasgow collec tion. The Duke of Devonshire. On Thursday last his Grace the Duke of Devonshire honoured the Presentation Convent of Bandon, County Cork, with a visit, and perhaps no more striking proof could be given than the singular heartiness of his reception on the occasion of the gratitude of the Irish heart towards its real benefactors, without distinction of country, class, or creed. The Bandon Convent stands on an elevation to the north-west of the town, has a southern aspect, and com mands a most extensive and delightful view of the surround • ing country. It was founded in 1829, through the generosity of the late duke, who gave the grounds, four acres in ex tent (which are most tastfulty laid out) rent free for ever, together with an annual grant of £l5, which has been con tinued by his successor. Here upwards of 500 children daily receive the blessing of education at the hands of the good sisterhood, who have dedicated their lives to the sublime task of training the young mind in the paths of knowledge and virtue. His Grace was accompanied_by his daughters, Lady Louisa Cavendish and the Hon. Mrs. Barnard, and was met at the gates of the convent (over which a handsome arch had been erected) by the Very Rev. J. O'Brien, P.P., and the Rev. T. Holland, and at the hall door by the Superioresa and nuns, and immediately con ducted to the schools, where he was received with cheer ing by the assembled children. To look on so many hundred intelligent and happy faces radiant with delight, and listen to their protracted shouts of applause, one could not help reflecting that this was no mere formal greeting got up for the occasion, such as his Grace and other eminent men are too much accustomed to and know how to estimate, but a spontaneous and irrepressible manifestation of gratitude and affection, of which even a princely Cavendish might be proud, as indeed it was apparent that he was. The lofty and capacious school-room was spanned at the upper end by three arches and tastefully decorated with festoons of flowers and evergreens, while mottoes and devices appro priate to the occasion met the eye at every corner. Under the central arch a chair surmounted by a harp, with Erin go-Bragh" had been placed for the distinguished visitor. On his Grace being seated, the Rev. Mr. O'Brien in quired whether he would de them the honour of accepting an address, which the sisters were desirous of presenting to him on the occasion Of his first visit to their community. This having been cordially assented to, Mr. O'Brien said that before the address was read he felt called upon to make a few observations. Ile feltlimself highly honoured —the sisters who presided over the moral and religious training of the children before him, felt themselves highly honoured—by the visit ho had condescended to pay them. The children felt themselves proud to stand in the pre sence of their benefactor. They had all just cause for gra tude to his grace, for the convent had been the means of doing an incalculable amount of good, and owed its exist ence to the princely munificence of the House of Cavendish. He begged to inform his grace that nearly every Catholic mother in Bandon had been educated in that convent; the future mothers in Bandon he saw before him. His grace would agree with him that the greatest blessing that he could bestow on any town, or any land, was to have a well educated motherhood to preside over their families, and that greatest of blessings his gutee's liberality enabled them to enjoy. In proof of the superiority of the intellectual train ing imparted in their schools, it was sufficient to mention that many of the children then present had greatly distin guished themselves at recent competitive examinations held in the town hall, and had carried off first-class premiums. The rev, gentleman's remarks, of which we have given a mere outline, was listened to by his grace with a marked degree of interest. Miss Annie M'Carthy, one of the pupils of the school, an extremely interesting and intelligent young lady, now stepped forward and read the following address : My Lord Duke—Separated from the outward world, and but little acquainted with the conventional forms and usages by which suitably to address your grace, we earnestly crave, and feel assured you will accord, your gracious indulgence. In our own simple way therefore we beg to convey to your grace our deepfelt appreciation of this august visit, in which you have condescended to include our humble community; and we eagerly embrace the auspicious occasion to proclaim our inexpressible gratitude to your grace for continuing without stint the munificent favours conferred upon us by your great and noble• hearted predecessor. What then re mains for us further to say, save that our prayers shall weary Heaven to perpetuate your illustrious line in un broken splendour; and for yourself, my lord duke, we shall pray—oh, how fondly and fervently I—that you be long spared to adorn the lofty eminence you enjoy, and that wheg t 4.0 term of life's close shall have come, full of years, and honottrs, gad virtues, you be translated amid the exult ing hosts of heaven to tbp realms of the blest I—Signed by THE SUPERIOE.ESS 4N4 CQNVENT. The beautifully distinct and expressive manner in which this iOdress was read by Miss M'Carthy drew fram his grace tim #attoriiv., compliment, "You are an honour to maw: and a ere it to panclon." you, T lave Ager p 47 lest thanks His Grace _ - which you have presenied to me. for the beautiful address 4 ^-dav has taken me by The reception I have met with here . .4t ort surprise. I certainly was not prepared for such a reset.-•. at all. It has been my pride at all times to prorci4t9 the cause of education wherever I move, and I have always felt a decep interest in these convent schools. I have to present my grateful acknowledgments to your gifted parishh, priest for the kind manner in which he has alluded to my atice*P tors, and to the slight acts of liberality which it has been a pleasure to me to perform in connection with this convent, and which I hope to continue for the future. I coincide in everything he has so eloquently said on the subject of edu cation, and feel that you are indeed engaged in a mighty work, in which I wish you every success. His grace cn eluded by assuring them that ho had derived great gratifica tion from everything he had seen and heard, and by again thanki,:g them for the warm reception they had given him. At the conclusion of his grace's reply the following verses were sung by the entire school with a most pleasing effect. They ware cornpo:red for the occasion by Miss M'Carthy, who read the address, a young lady 14 years of age : This is a day of jubilee, A happy, happy day. How pleased are we, his grace to see, And greet bim on his way. Chorus--This is a day of jubilee, A happy, happy day ; This is allay of jubilee, A happy, happy day. To him the utmost praise is duo Who labours for the weal, And happiness of fellow- men Wi' h never tiring zeal. Chorus—This is a day of jubilee, &c. And those who own his gentle sway, How happy is their lot; No terror of " the landlord" dwell's Within their peaceful cot. Chorus—This is a day of jubilee, &c. Our princely Benefactor, To him our thanks we give— May God reward his generous deeds, And happy may ha live I Chorus—This is a day of jubilee, &c. Having bowed his acknowledgments, his grace entered into conversation with the clergymen and nuns, and with Lady Cavendish and Miss Bernard, minutely inspected va rious articles of crochet work, lace and embroidery done by the childreii, which were very much admired, Here Miss Minnie Brennan, an interesting and artless young creature of perhaps five years of age, presented his grace with a bou quet of beautiful flowers. Hia grace having accepted the gift shook hands with the juvenile donor. Three cheers having been given for "our noble duke," for Lady Louisa Cavendish, and for the Hon. Mrs. Bernard, the Nation al Anthem was sung, and with the warmest expressions of goodwill to all, the distinguished visitors took their depar ture.—Cork Examiner. Meeting of Middlesex Magistrates, A general meeting of the magistrates of the county of Middlesex was held on Thursday at the Sessions-house , Clerkenwell- green—Mr. H. Pownall, chairman of the court, presided. THE PROPOSED NEW DIETARY FOR THE HOUSE OF COB , ' RECTION, COLDBATH-FIELDS. It will ba remembered that at the meeting of the ma' gistrates held in July last an amended scale of dietary for the use of the House of Correction, Coldbath-fields, wa s agreed to by the magistrates, such dietary being a consider able reduction in the quantity of food allowed to prisoners. This new scale was subsequently submitted to the Home Secretary, Sir G. Grey, for his approval, before it could be adopted, and the following letters in answer thereto have been received " Whitehall, Sept. 14, 1863. " Sir, —Having laid before Secretary Sir G e orge Grey your letter of the 6th ult., :submitting for his consideration an amended form of diet table for male prisoners i n the Middlesex House of Correction, I am now directed to trans mit to you, for the purpose of being laid before the Court of Quarter Sessions for any observations which the Court may have to offer thereon, the endorsed copy of a report which has been received from Mr. Perry, inspector of prisons for the southern district, upon the subject.—l am, &0., " H. WADDINGTON. " G. D. Baldwin, Esq., Deputy Clerk of the Peace , Sessions House, Clerken well." it Westbourne-street, Sept. 2, 1863. is beg - to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, dated the 12th ult., transmitting by direction of Secretary Sir George Grey for my report thereon, a letter f ro m the deputy clerk of the peace f or Mid dlesex, enclosing an a ltered form of diet table for the approval of Sir George Grey " The deputy clerk of the peace encloses a letter from the visiting magistrates of the House of Correction, Clerkenwell, in which it is st a t e d th a t th e resolution of quarter ses sions, relative to th e secon d c l ass dietary was erroneously state the schedule bef ore su b m i tted, and that it was the intenti in on that a marked diff erence should be made between the first and second cla sses , b y g i ving to the latter on l y half the quantity of meat supp li ed to the former. d " In reply, I beg to observe, that the disproportion is not only in the quantity of meat ; since the first class would re ceive cocoa for breakfast, and nearly four times the quantity of potatoes, besides an additional pint of soup, and that as p many of the pri soners i n class 2, who aro not sen t en ced to hard labour, o r w h o are unable to erform it, a re imprisone d for the longest terms, some even for two years, whi le those employed at hard l a b our have the higher dietary, if their sentences exceed th ree months, no sufficient reaso n appears for so great a di sproportion. " It is not, h owever, in its relation to the highes t dietary that I object to the insufficiency of the second, but because I am quite persuaded that the latter is alaeolutely inadequate to maintain health in prisoners confined for long terries. I would beg leave to real to the memory of Sir George Grey that the dietary of a large prison in the North of England was lowered in September of last year, in accordance with the views of tho visising justices, and that in the following May it was found necessary to return to a higher scale, in consequence of the increase of sickness and mortality which attended the change ; but the reduced dietary of that prison was considerably more nutr i tious than that w hich the Mid the same t erms. I venture to predict, dlesex justice s now propose to give to prisoners c onfined on as a circums tance highly probabl e , th at i f the dietary no w proposed for the second class w ere t o b e enforced, the large pr i so n in which it is propos e d t o a d opt it would be the scene of an unprece dented amount of low f ever , scurvy, and other diseases arising from defecti ve nu t r i t i on, with a corresponding i ncre ase of mor tality, unless i n d ee d t h e surgeons sh ,uld preve nt these re sults by givin g t o a ll l ong -sentenced prisoners o f this class an increase of f oo d equivalent to that whic h t h e y would re e give under a better appointed dietary. Some persons think it is not material whether a sufficient arnoutut be provided by the established dietary, or the deficiency be made up by bye special order in each case by the s urgeon ; but I would beg to submit that the practice of ordering extra diet is one which should be avoided as much as possible on account of the malingering and feigned illness to which it gives rise, and of the insubordination, insult, and even assaults upon the surgeon, committed by prisoners who think that others are more favoured by him than themselves. " It appears to me that much of the difficulty in this case arises from the same dietary being prescribed for all pri soners not at hard labour whose sentences range from 14 days to two years and upwards ; because the amount of food required by the larger sentenced men is in excess of that whic'e would support the shorter sentenced. I would there fore suggest that the dietary now celled ' second class' be confined to all prisoners whose sentences exceed 14 days and do not exceed three months, and that another scale be introduced, intermedia , e between those now called first' and ' second,' for prisoners not employed at hard labour whose sentences exceed three months, and that this class should have the Second dietary, with the addition of four ounces of meat and eight ()traces of potatoes on Thursdays. —I am, &a., (Signed) "JOIN G. PERRY, Inspector of Prisons. 46 ili. Waddington, Esq." An 11011. MAGISTRATE said he deemed this communication of so much importanci that he hoped it would be referred to tha Committee of Justices of the house of Correction, Coldbath-fields, and that they should report on it the next county day. The motion Was put and agreed to. ELECTION OF INSPECrOR OF WEIGIITS AND MEASURES. An election of inspector of weights and measures took place for No. 2 district, comprising Finsbury, Clerkenwall, and the surrounding neighbourhood, the vacancy being caused by the death of Mr. Thomas Reynolds, of the Tower Hamlets, or No. 1 district, to which Mr. John Wright was appointed, thereby rendering his former district vacant. Mr. Morrison was offered the choice of No. 2 district, but he pre ferred to retain No. 3, Btu ent ,bury, St. Giles, &c. It then remained for Mr. James Gregg to consider whether he would take No. 2, ho being the inspector of No. 4 district, Brentford, Uxbridge, &e,, but he preferred retaining his old district, and theref ore th e e l ec ti on t o -d ay was f or N o . 2 district. number of applicants, and the na mes su b m itt e d by th e cone mittee to the Court were—t Ur. James Coward Mr David Faulkner, M r. F. 13, Gin g - 11 IN . Ir. - ' * e Walker.,ta k en . W After the v o t es had been m . 11 r. a G m r i i l ffi to t n h , s M a r n . d Th M o r s . . Taylor , Dixon, the scrutineers, reported to the C our t th a t th e elec tion had fall en upon vi non mr. . David Faulkner, who had 35 votes given to hi m, e The CHAIRMAN then Taylordeclared having 13, Mr. Jas. Coward 1, and the othe r th ree as inspector ofand measures Faulkner duly ap pointedelgbte : measures for No. 2 dis trict, and said that as h e had been il for"m e years i n t h e o ffi ce of Mr. C. Wright, the clerk t o the committ ee the magistrates had had an opportunityof justices, value of his services, and he trusted ot' judging of the in his new situa tion he would by his conduct prove to then_._e tkat they had I yie selected the person who was best fiatntaeclfoerzybial office . . ue It ld was u a situation of great responsibility, en RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE, TRAFFIC RECEIPTS FOR THE WEEK. Miles Opened. Receipts., Railways. „..-..A_.___,,..._____A___. 1863. 1862, 1863. 1862 £ £ Belfast and N. Counties 136 136 2,102 1,921 Belfast and Comity Down 49 49 631 620 Blyth and Tyne 2B 28 1,917 2,111 Bristol and Exeter l2ll 1211 6,644 7,719 Caledoni an Cockermouth& Workington Bl 8 i 302 281 Cork and Bandon 2O 20 397 303 Cork, Blackrock, &Passage 6l 61 162 203 Cork and Youghal llll 321 729 418 :391 Cornwall 639 531 1,574 1,31.8 Deeside l7 17 320 250 Dublin & Belfast Junction 63 63 1,520 1,5 8 Dublin and Drogheda 75 63 1,611 1,721 Dublin and Meath Dub. & Wicklow and Wextd 5ll 489 2,670 2,741 Edinburgh and Glasgow l69} 1691 8,420 7.918 Forth & Clyde Junction Furness, &c Glasgow & South-Western Gt. Eastern,Nrfk ,&E.l.lnion Great Northern • l5l 351 34,172 31,546 Great North of Scotland 5B 58 1,457 1.684 Ut. Nortlin. & Westn. (Irel.) 7ll 161 3 5 516 '3 l .Soutlin. & Westn.(lrlnd.) 3731 329 8,585 8.203 Great 'Western 10569 10321 62,550 63 57 0 Inverness &Aberdeen June 869 86 9 1,497 1,103 Inverness & Perth Junction 1199 - 1,485 -- Irish North-Western ll5 145 1,683 1,011 Lancashire tl,-, Yorkshire 39 59 3951 34,074 32.000 Limerick and Ennis. Limerick and Foynes 214 261 110 122 Llanelly 461 461 574 603 London & North-Western London and Blackwall 59 51 1,811 1.771 London & South-Western Lond. Brighton, &S. Coast London, Chatham, & Dover 729 .2. 2 i 6,755 4 915 Do. Metropolitan Extension 109 51 1,350 :-.00 Gond., Tilbury, & Southend s lan.,Sheflield,&Lincolnsh Rauch. S.J un. & Altrincham . Maryport and Carlisle Metropolitan - Midland (incl. N.-Western)" 641 6141 45,33 1 43,612 slidland GtWestn, of land 2591 1929 8,558 7,6 .1 9 M onkland Monmonthsh. Rail. & Canal 4l 44 2,322 2,622 North British, Edin., Perth and Dundee N-Eastern and Stock. & DarL 1095 10771 58,97 , 5 0, 139 North London 9 9 3,170 3,116 North Staffordshire 254 252 8,471 8.266 Oswestry and Newton 5O 42 1,222 1,011 Rhymney St. Helen's Canal & Railway 52 52 1,003 2,101 Scottish Central Scottish North-Eastern l 3B 134 4, 9; 0 4,853 Somerset and Dorset 66 891 621 387 South Devon • 75 9 759 3.728 4 , 009 South - Eastern 306 306 25,459 27,398 Tall' Vale 57 55 5, ` 53 5,319 Ul ster 649 61 2,091 1.8,Q -. Vale of Clwyd . lO 10 163 194 Vale of Neath 329 251 2,304 2,127 Waterford and Kilkenny 3l 31 418 418 Waterford and Limerick 77 77 1 , 635 1,319 West Cornwall 271 271 865 777 W.Hartlepool Harbr.&Rail 4B 48 4,705 4,561 W'haven,Cleator,&Egrmnt 7 7 640 507 Whitehaven Junction l2 12 92 1 700 Whitehaven & Furness Jun 35 35 829 701 FOREIGN AND COLONIAL. g A o Antwerp and Rotterdam 52 52 1,772 " 1 "--- Austrian B2B 828 32,361 4 ',1 51 Belgian Eastern Junction 26, 269 607 359 Bombay, Baroda, & Cen. India 185 1329 1,611 3,045 Buffalo and Lake Huron Detroit and Milwaukie ' 4 40) 1 89 139 5, ' 1 -- ' ~. Dutch Rhenish Eastern of France ' 1167 1031 19,723 65,501 Great Indian Peninsula...., 5:359 437 1 East Indian 933i1 CD - - Grand Trunk of Canada lO9O 1090 20,753 18,831 Great Luxembourg 134 134 4,733 5,043 Great Southeen of India Great Western of Canada 345 3, 5 12,812 12,735 Madrid, Saragossa &Alicant 651 490 22,016 19,153 Northern of Canada .... ..... Northern of France.....,..,, 725 725 - - Norwegian Trunk .. 44 44 _ Ottoman ...... - • 489 489 597 4 1 4,426 ~ ,222 Paris, Lyons, & Mediterrn 1835 1676 151,101 142,123 Paris and Orleans .. 1614 1431 69,323 63,404 522 - Pernambuco ...... 7i - Royal Danish.....,' 69 69 765 692 Sambre and Meuse ...... ' 58 68 1,401 1,455 Southern of France South Austrian.....~ 7 406 5 • , ' , l Victorian ................... 1 ( - 0 1 " ' -.-- Welland ........ • 25 25 4,9 665 932 818 53,013 47,545 764 27,275 30.P,80 75 1,144 1,079 West Flanders W. and N.W. of France •r•r.. '• .• • 770 ADN'EnTisEmEXT.]—Avoidmcdicines: they always a,,,ra vate chranic complaints, but Du Barry's Delicious Health ' of 60,000 Cures :—Cure No. Restoring Revalenta Ara ' bica Food, which saves fifty times pure blood, refreshi no . its cost in other remedies, invariably cures them, restoring perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, healthy liver, p •a i s ta ti t n io g n all a - l a l y o f v or er s , e b v a en d B ye r: B 7 58,216 of the Alarchiouess de sleep functional regularity, and energy to the most disordered or enfeebled. We extract a few out . d P eb a i r l i i s t;', of w a ith liv a er n c e ° l ll : P ot i t a s in p t'aN: digestion, constant sleeplessness, the most intolerable nervous agitation, and dreadfully low spirited.—Cure No. 1,771. Lord Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieut. of Waterford, of many years' dyspepsia.—No. 49,832. "Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Jolly." —Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, f.pitting of Wood, liver derange ment, and partial deafness.—Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, ind i g estion, g atherin g s, low spirits, and nervous fancies.—Cure No. 54,816. The Rev. Jas T. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, "of indigestion and torpi dity or the liver, which had restste I all medical treatment." In tins, 1 lb., 2s. 9d.; 21b., 4s. 6d ; 51b., 1 ls. ; 121 b., 225. ; 41b 40s.—Barry Lu Barry and Co., No. 77, Regent-street, London ; also Fortnum and Mason ; and all Grocers and Chemists in every town of the United Kingdom. [ADvErmsEmENT.]—Holloway's Pius. Satisfactory Results.—Whenever the blood is foul, the stomach dis ordered, or the bowels irregular, these Pills prove infallible curatives. A gentleman, who had been a sufferer for years, though he had sought the best professional aid, writes, " I cannot describe the effect your medicine had upon me : it carried off more bile, and made me feel lighter and more cheerful than all the medicine I had taken previously," Holloway's Pills strengthen the stomach, prevent bilious ness, purify the blood, raise the spirits, and give energy to both body and mind, In diseases of the head, heart, and kidneys, these Pills aro invaluable not only in removing dangerous symptoms, but in warding off the dire effects often resulting from injudicious treatment. Daring Outrage and Robbery. On Friday evening information reached Clonmel of a dar ing robbery which had been perpetrated at the residence of Mr. John Shirley, agent to John Bagwell, Esq., 111. P., and which for cool and determined reckless ruffianism has not been equalled by anything of the kind in this locality for many years. About 4 o'clock on the evening in question a messenger arrived at Mr. Shirley's, after bringing from the Provincial Bank a bag of silver and one of coppers, for the purpose of paying the workmen usually engaged about the demesne. The money was laid on the table in the room in which Mrs. Shirley sat, and a short time after a well-dressed man entered, and asked her what the bags contained. The fellow was quite at his ease and in no hurry. He presented a genteel appearance, wore a black frock coat, dark tweed trousers, light vest, and silver guard chain. Ho had also a silk hat, shoes, and brown stockings. Mrs. Shirley has de. scribed him most minutely. In reply to his question, Mrs. Shirley said the bags contained money to pay the labourers, whereupon the fellow replied " I shall have them," and put them in his pockets. We should have mentioned that from the time of his entrance he held a pistol in one hand and a claspknifo or dagger in the other. Ho then pointed to a desk and asked it' it was Mr. Shirley's ; he received an affirmative reply, but was told that it did not usually con tain any money. He said he wou'd try, and Mrs. Shirley answered "You had better not, as Mr. Shirley is below." The ruffian replied that such was not the case, as he had met the agent going up towards the farm; and he then, after warning Mrs. Shirley that if she m a d e a noise he would stab her with a knife, proceeded to break open the desk, from which he took £9. This, with what the bags contained, amounted to £22. Whil e h e was breaking open the desk Mrs. Shirley at tempted to escape from the room, but the burglar seized her by t h e arm and threw her violently on the ground, adding that if she screamed or made any alarm . he would m a k e s h ort work of h er. Sh e was much terrified and inj ure d b y t h e force o f t h e f a ll. Having gone as far as the hall door and looked out, ho re turned, and demanded if there was any whiskey in the house. Mrs. Shi r l ey sa i d she thought there was , an d pointed out the keys in the press, adding that she was un able to rise. The fellow caught her and threw her rudely on the sofa, again cautioning her against making a noise. The ruffian then took portion of a bottle of whiskey, a loaf, and anink-bottle; and then. with a threat that he would take Mr. Shirley's life, the fellow decamped; and though there were several person s about the stable yard he contrived to effect his esc a p e un p erce ived. A descripti o n of this daring burglar has been telegraphed to the different ports of Ter , from the country, and the police of the locality are actively engaged in looking after him. A magisterial investigation has been held in reference to the matter,. and much . indig nation is felt by the people of the locality, as this . rs . the second occurrence of a similar nature taking place within n period of a few months.—gliPerarg lrovirteat, SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. - -4- TretES.—The observations offered by the Attor• ney-G , :neral at Richmond on the subject of the ironclads in the Mersey will he reed with the deepest attention. We cannot discover, nor should we perhaps expect, any confident exposition of the law in these remarks, but us elucidating the general policy of the Government in this important pro ceeding, they will be weighed and scrutinised with peculiar interest. It is impossible to deny that much perplexity is felt throughout the country on the question at issue. We all wish for a strict and aim partial admi n i s t ra ti on o f the law, be it what it may, but v we r not wish of to sec ei t h t e h r e r l law r s a t i r s a strained in do orin p Con federates. W e d o f eel, b eyond a doubt,ef u that fr if the despatch of s uc h vesse l s as the Alabama neutral port is rea ll y cons i stent with the from a f y g nations it concerns us very closely to changed, but it al so concerns us no lesset that e law law o that justice is done t o every b ody by thelaw w to as se.;es, stands. Upon the whol e , th e words of the Attorney- General General are calculated t o se t t h e public mindat ease. We explained the other day that the case of these famous vessels would involve two distinct questions, one of law and the other of evidence. Now, it is clear from Sir Roundell Palmer's speech that the great difficulties encountered by Govern ment in dealing with this matter have arisen on the question of evidence and not on the question of law. Ministers have not been doubting whether these steamers, if destined for the same service as the Alabama, could be.lawfully despatched, but whether this suspected destination could be conclusively proved against them. In this case we say the opinion of the country will be with the Government. Hoar shipbuilders are not standing upon their rights as established by the law, but relying upon their ability to evade the law by artifice they will obtain no sympathy, It would have been an unfortunate and perilous proceeding if the vessels now lying in the Mersey had been detained by any strained or unreasonable interpretation of the law, but if the spirit and intent of the law are clear few will be found to deny that there is suspicion enough in the case before us to justify the resolution of the Go vernment in reserving it for trial. Sir R. Palmer, then, tells us in the plainest language that the Go vernment of a neutral nation cannot, consistently with its neutrality, " suffer warlike expeditions and ships of war to be prepared and fitted out in its har bours. Tots is manifest reason. "We all know," he continued, "as a matter of fact that the Confederate States have endeavoured to some extent to make this country the basis of their maritime operations." ['hat, also, is true. The Alabama was so far pre pared and fitted out for service in British waters that she was able to act against an enemy without repairing to any port of her own country for equip • ment and commission. All that she did not actually get in British harbour she got outside by stratagem and evasion, and she did, in fact, represent a " war like expedition" despatched from territories which were not the proper territories of the belligerent. The Attorney-General goes on to tell us, not indeed that he is confident of the practical efficacy of our laws against such proceedings, but that he has no doubt whatever of their intent and spirit. "We have got a law," he says," which may or may not be easy to construe, but which certainly was intended to prevent these things." Unless, therefore, the law has been imperfectly framed, it would be found applicable te the transactions now suspected to be pending, but whether these suspicions can be developed into proofs is another question. Here Sir Roundell can oniy remind us of " the great difficul ties of bringing the law to bear by complete and con clusive evidence in cases of this kind, where every artifice is used for the purpose of disguise and eva sion ;" but at the same time he bespeaks our support for the efforts of Government in endeavouring to put the law in force. If this is the whole state of the case that support will not be wanting. If the law is clear against such expeditions as that of the Ala bama, and all that is obscure is the real destination of these Mersey ironclads for the same service, the public will not be slow to admit that the suspicions were strong enough to warrant their detention until trial had taken place. We should be a great deal more puzzled in the matter except for the precedent of the Alabama. The case is certainly not t o be prejudged,bat it would be affectation to deny that these vessels in the Mersey are reasonably suspected of a similar desti nation and character. Not to speak of the absence of satisfactory evidence to the contrary, which, if it existed, we might think would be most evilly pro ducible, we find the organs of the Southern bellige rents actually threatening us with the resentment of the Confederates for stopping them. Those who ought to know best make no disguise of information new that it can do apparently no hem. It does not follow, even if this bi!es4rne4 dosiinaiion be indeed the real one, that the builders of the steamers are immediately concerned In it, but it does follow, from the exaraVe of the Alabama, that the transaction would be ultimately such as we are nailed upon to preveet. We leecw : er 41 ay reasonably infer from that examole, that even if the delivery of the vesse l s from the hands of the builders to these of the purchasers could be lawfuliy managed the illegality of the business would then immediately commence. When the Alabama appeared at sea as a belligerent cruiser she must of necessity have been fitted out for war either by neutrals or by belligerents from neutral territory. It is quite certain that she never received her iegitireete equipment or commission in the ports of the Confederate Government. She was the produce of trickery and evasion. We cannot say how, where, or by what instalments her equip. talent was fUrnished, hvit eie c4ll qLly that she did not leave our ports in the character or fashion of an honest vessel. As the Attorney-General put it, it was an " es cape," and such escapes are exactly the things whnih we ought to prevent. Government has now, at any rate, prevented a like escape in the case of these two celebrated iron • clads, but it has done so, as Sir Roundell's speech shows, only after grave doubts and difficulties. There is not a doubt, we are glad to find, about the spirit and design of our own laws. That is a great point .11 the m atter, for even failure will not be dis creditable if the attempt g to blot the law to bear has been founded An its obvious intent, and justified by irresistible suspicion. There is, however, a doubt about the result, partly from the words in which the law is expressed, but principally from the diffi culty of obtaining conclusive evidence in a case ad. witting of infinite evasions. But the Attorney. General reck )ns upon reasonable consideration from the public. He thinks that if the case should fail pe ople will see that Government has done its best to enforce what is really believed to be the law. He tells us, further, that the Americans have done as much for others as they are now expecting us to do for them, and that they never, indeed, showed the least unwillingness to apt when urged to such interference. Whenever they were informed that a belligerent Power was contriving the equipment of a ship of war in their ports, they were desirous of preventing it, but they found, Sir Roundell adds, the difficulties in the way of such a proceeding. We can only say, in conclusion, that if this is the state of the law, it is unsatisfactory in the extreme. If it is really held both in America and England that the equipment of ships of war in neutral waters for the service of belligerents is unlawlul, and if both countries, nevertheless, find the utmost diffi culty in bringing the law to bear, the sooner the machinery is improved the better. There is a right and a wrong in such matters. What is right should be done, openly and without disguise, but no loop hole should be left for the covert accomplishment of what is admitted to be wrong. POST,—Up to the present time there is no sign that the authors of the pending crisis in Prussia are awake to the importance of the conflict they have rashly provoked. Count Eulenberg's circular—which very closely resembles the notorious Jegow circular of last year—is a declaration of war against the free dom of election, in perfect freedom with bureaucra tic traditions, but calculated to widen rather than to diminish the breach between the King and his subjects. It would have been impolitic, if it had not been contrary to the truth, to denounce the members of the Liberal majority in the late Chamber as the enemies of the monarchy; but for the Minister of the Interior to take it upon himself to exhort the em ployes of the State to vote for none but the Ministerial candidates—to command prefects and sub prefects, and all other provincial functionaries, to prove their devotion to the Crown by turning the elec tioneering screw on the side of the Government can didates, is, to say the least of it, in the r,ctual situ ation of affairs in Prussia, not merely an unpardon 4ble impertinence, but also a very wanton act of political suicide. Yet this is precisely what Count Enlenburg has thought fit to do. He confides to the paid servants of the Government the supervision and manipulation of the elections, and he tells them, in so many words, that—" It is impossible for any Government heard to act efficiently should its pre sident profess political opinions at variance with those of the Government." No doubt the Minister writes with a better knowledge of the character of Prussian officials than we possess, and it may be that they will, as a body, accept without murmur ing or shame the ignomieous part he has assigned to them. Still there are, we will hope, a few who, like the university authorities of Berlin and Bonn on a former occasion, will decline to serve as Ministerial electioneering agents, and their indepen dence can prove contagious even in the best drilled of all European bureaucracies. At all events, such a bold and unconstitutional attempt to influence the elections can hardly fail to aggravate the defeat of the King and his Government ; and if, as is rumoured, the Minister of Justice intends to issue a similar circular, the only inference to be drawn from such a flagrant violation of constitutional Privileges will be that M. Von Bismark has mad e up his mind to govern without a Chamber, or— which would be the best thing that could happen for Prussia and Germany—not to govern at all. Count Eulenburg's views of the duties of the civil servancs of a constitutional Sovereign are curious enough. When the King has pointed out and definitely laid down the constitutional paths to be trodden by himself, and his officials with him, all must obey; and those holding offices 07 political importance are bound, not only to render obedience, but active support. The idea is that the Crown is the living central point of the Prussian Constitution—that it is for the King to ordain, and the Parliament to register, his ordi nances. This was laid down ex cathedra in the lately published programme of the Ministerial party. The King, it was said, had confessed that the utmost unity prevailed between the Crown and its coun sellors, and that, therefore, to look to a change of Ministers for a solution of the existing crisis would be of no avail. Royalty—" a strong royalty"—could alone bring the present confusion to a closeand guard and strengthen Prussia's position in Germany. But if he King be, as his so.called "friends" in effect affirm, the only Power in the State, why has Cham ber after Chamber been dissolved to procure if pos sible the concurrence of the representatives of the people in the measures which his Majesty deems necessary for the salvation of the country ? The present appeal " to the patriotism of the electors and the judgment of the elected" has, we are assured, been made under a conscientious observance of the Constitution ;" but in the same breath the Prussian people are warned " not to slight the inevitable consequences of a haughty re-election." What the King and his Ministers understand by a Constitu tion seems to be nearly this—that the Sovereign shall govern, but that he shall govern under certain conditions settled by himself. The Liberal party, on the other hand, contend that a Constitutional Government, under which the people are taxed withoat the consent of their representatives, and under which the Ministers of the Crown are not responsible to the nation, is a delusion and a sham, and they have determined to substitute their own real theory of the Constitution for the theory of Divine right upon which William I. has been advised to rely. The elections in which this question between the King and the nation is to be decided are fixed to take place on the 28th inst., but neither in Berlin nor in the provinces are there any symptoms of feverish anxiety as to the result. The absence of political agitation shows, in fact, that the Liberal party are conscious of their strength, and confident of success. Nor is it expected that the character of the Opposition in the new Cham ber will be much changed. In some places men of more advanced opinions may be returned, replacing, probably, a few of Count Schwerin's friends; but, upon the whole, it appears that the people will be satisfied with confirming the resolution they have more than once announced, by sending back their former representatives; and, as they are still desir ous to avoid a direct collision with the Crown, this Is, perhaps, the wisest course they could take, inas much as it will leave the way open for the King to escape by dismissing his unpopular Ministers, and choosing for their successors statesmen who can command the confidence of the majority of the Chamber. It will also be the most emphatic answer that an insulted nation can return to the appeal of a Government which inspires neither respect nor fear. Hitherto the Opposition has been distin guished by firmness, unanimity, and moderation ; and there is no reason for deviating from the con duct which has extorted the admiration of Parlia mentary veterans, and done more for the political education of Prussia than could ever have been effected by louder, but not more sincere, demonstra tions of patriotism. COUNTRY MARKETS. .4)- LIVERPOOL—FRIDAY, At this day's market there was a fair attendance both of millers and dealers, but the demand for wheat was ra ther limited, at about the prices current on Tuesday. Oats and oatmeal command more attention, and incline upwards. Flour very steady, but in small request. Indian corn very firm, at the advanced rates of Tuesday. Barley, beans, and peas steady. WAKEFIELD —FRIDAY. A short quantity of wheat came to hand to-day, and all descriptions met a slow demand at last Friday's rates. Fine barley was in fair demand. Other articles were difficult to quit. Averages for the week : Wheat 1,194 qrs., at . 40s 10d Rye —.— —s Od Oats Beans Peas .... 8ar1ey..„,....1,440 STAMFORD-FRIDAY. White wheat, 42s to-445; red, 40s to 42s per 36 stone. Barley, malting, 36.5 to 38s ; grinding, 30s to 34s per qr. Oats, 20s to 25stper 24 stone. Beans, old, 42s to —s per qr. ; new, 38sIto --s. CORK-FRIDAY. The following were the quotations this morning :—Red wheat,:7B 8d to 8s 6,1; white, 7s 3d, to 9s Od , b ar l ey , 5 s 6d to Ss Od ; oats, 5s Ocl.to Gs 3d ; black do., 4s 10d to 54 4d ; bere, 6s. DUBLIN-FRIDAY. A fair supply of all kinds of grain, and a steady market at Tuesday's prices. In some in.tances oats were a little sharper, and secondary barley difficult to sell. s. d. 8. d. 8. d. B. d. Wheat, white.. 23 0 to 2.5 6 Beans.. Do., red 2O oto 23,0 Bere . l2 oto 13 0 Do„ new Barley Oats ... . .... .96t0 11 0 Bakers' flour Do., b1ack....., oto 0 Indian corn BRISTOL SUGAR-FRIDAY. The market this week has been doing a firmer busi ness, and an impression prevails that we shall not see prices so low as they have been. Refined goods met withaiti lif sale. Rum a limited sale at about the prices of last week. COAL MARKET. Prima of Coal per 1 on at toe olose of the market. a. d. I Cowpen Hartley 17 6 i • Walls End. Mona House 21 0 1 Tunstall ...... Ships at market, 13 ; sold, 13. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. s, d, Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton. ...... Oct. 19. via Marseilles ......... Nov. 12. Brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Nov. 4. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena.. Oct. 29. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southa m pt on .O•t. 19. via Marseilles ...Oct. 27. Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton Oct. 19. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Oct. 26. via Marseilles Oct. 27. India (Bombay), via Southampton Oct. 26. via Marseilles Oct. 21. Portugal Nov. 4. nalta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Oct. 19. via Marseilles Oct. Oct. 21.. Newfoundland . . 10 Oporto and Vigo • .............. U. S. and British N. America, Ly Brit. packet.... Oct. 22, by U.S. packet.... V.C. Canadian packet. Oct.' . .C. of Africa, Madeira, and Te y neriffe Nov. 10. Bahamas, via New York Oat. 22, Mexico.. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, .Oct. 29. California. and B r iti s h Columbia.. Peru, I Oct. 29, Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur chasing Horniman's pure Tea; very choice at 3s. 4d. and 4s. "High Standard" at 4s. 4d. (formerly 4s. Bd.), is the strongest and most delicious imported. Agents in every town supply it in packets. Ninety-six steamers, with an aggregate of 140,000 tons and 36,000 horse-power, are employed in the postal service of Great Britain. Births. Bl..„:lAx.—On the 16th inst., at 8 , D evonshire -terrace, i'utham-road, the wi fe of the R ev. William Benham, of a daughter. GOWLLANA.— On the 15th inst., at 34, Finsbury-square, the wife of Peter Gowlland, Esq., P.R.C.S., of a son. LYSAGIIT the wife of O J.—n amee th 14 th inst., at M ow b rhy Lodge, Ripon, s Lysaght, Esq , of a daughter. SuARP.--On. the 15th inst., at 15, Sutherland-terrace, Brixton, Mrs. C. Sharp, of a daughter. Marriages. MARGESSON—BEAUM ONT --On the 14th inst., at Darfield Church, Major Margesson, of the 66th Regt., to Lucy Matilda, youngest daughter of E. B. Beaumont, Esq., of Woodhall, Yorkshire. MAKIN—CAISTOR,—O n the 15th inst., at L ancaster, Thos. Makin, Es of q. t , of late the Mddle r emple, to Eliz a b e th, e ld er daughter he William near Manchester. C aistor, Eeq., of Butnage, Deaths. BRATIND.—On the 16th inst., at Plutnstead-common, Kent, Marian Eliza, infant daughter of Marwood K. Bcaund, Esq., of Furnival's-inn. CLAYTON —On the 20th Aug. last, at Hong Kong, George Clayn, Es ton, Capt. 99 th Regt., youngest son of John Clay toq., of Lancaster-place, Strand, from the effects of a wound received at the attack on Kwanshan on the 28th of May last, aged 24. KERSHAW.— On the 15 t h i nst., at Biggleswade, Beds, Mr. Kershaw, l ate of liitchin, Herts, aged 70. MULLER,—On the 15th inst., at Brighton, John, youngest son of Wm. Mull er, Esq., Lower Clapton, aged 23. NOTTIDGE.--On the 15th i ns t., a t M ar gate, E m il y, widow of Josias Nottidge, Esq., late of Rose-hill, folk, aged 91,Wixoo, Suf folk, the 15th inst., at Bryanaton-square, the Lady Katharine Stewart. linden : Pr;rlZ.ad and ruNished by WILLIAM ANDREWS, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TIIE Sux Office No. 112, Strand, In the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County of * l44lo6o2 L—fiutur4ay, October 17080. , !