The Sun. — London, England, 1863-10-15 00:00:00

THE WESTERN STATES. ;Fr om the Special Correspondent of the Times.) LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY, Sept. 23. I 'h .d devised to go down the Mississippi River from. :St. Louis, and visit the various ports of Cairo, Mern'ishis, Vicksburg, Port Hudson, Natchez, and New Orleans, when, in an evil moment, the war liter) exploits of General Rosencranz diverted me fro m my purpose, and here am I, now, on my way to Chattanooga, with very little hope ever to be able to reach my destination. The news of the san g' tinary affairs in East Tennessee of Saturday and un day last only reached St. Louis on Monday, and threw that city into a perfect fever of frantic ex pectation. The movements of General Rosencranz across the Tennessee River had caused my friends the officers of the Union party to look grave, and they professed, rather loudly than earnestly, their full confidence in that General's prudence and cool ness, asserting that " he knew what he was about, and if he deemed it safe to move forward, there could be no reason Why he should keep back." That grea t uneasiness beset my friends the Union officers' minds there could, however, be no doubt, and when the intelligence came, like a clap of thunder, that Rosencranz had unexpectedly found himself in pre sence of superior forces, that he had been attacked by the combined corps of Bragg, Johnston, and Longstreet, summing up altogether a force of no less than 140,000 combatants, people began to feel sure he had been caught in a trap and decoyed into a position from which he could not extricate himself without grievous losses. The first news reached St. Louis by private telegrams, generally forwarded by the correspondents of the local press; these first bulletins—hasty, p e rhaps) but genuine —talked of a positive defeat of Rosencranz's army, of its centre being broken through, of two divisions in complete 6, deroute and confusion, and the Commander - in - Chief being forced back to Rossville, eight or ten miles from Chattanooga. Since that first instalment of news the tele graph has been closed against all private inter course, correspondence is at an end, and all the information that reaches us in the West comes in is roundabout way from Washington, where the United States' authorities monopolise the wires, and prescribe what we shall read, hear, and believe. I left St. Louis yesterday at 4 o'clock in the after noon, and arrived in this city at 8 this morning, jast a quarter of an hour too late for the train which, according to time-tables, should have taken me on to Nashv'lle this same day —a disappointment too common to all men travelling by ill. regulated Ame rican railways, steamboats, and other public eon veyanc,es. As it turned out, it was just as lucky I could riot proceed on my way, for the people assured me n.o man could travel from here to Nashville without a pass from the military authorities, and on my applying for it to the officer in command, Col. Mundy, that gentleman used his best arguments to dissuade me from a journey which, ho assured me, would be bootless, as the persons in command at Nashville would never allow me to follow my route to Chattanooga, or go even a step in that direction. As I had in my pocket letters for Generals Rosen cranz, Burnside, Gordon Granger, and others, I begged to differ from the gallant colonel, and re newed my request that he would supply me with a pass as far as Nashville, as I there would risk the alternative of being allowed to travel further or being compelled to a backward movement. The colonel was about to relent and comply with my wishes when an orderly broke in upon U 3, inform ing the colonel that the rebel guerillas had burnt the bridge near Elizabethtown, on the Nashville and Louisville Railway, only forty-two miles from this latter place, and that the train had come to a dead stop there. Presently another pale, breath. leas messenger rushed in to tell of other out rages perpetrated by these same rebel bands at other points on the same railway, and to beseech the Colonel to "send as may of his troops as he could spare for the protection of the endan gered. line." Going to Nashville for the next day or two is, therefore, out of the question no less for me than for any other person, and here I must stay, awaiting events. The information we receive from Washington. respecting the affair at Chattanooga v4'l be before you much earlier than this letter has any chance of reaching its destination. All I can allow my ~ e lf leave to observe is that, however care fally the Washington dispatches may be got up so as tore assure men's mi n d s , s t rong l y excited by the first unchecked and unvarnished announcement of the f acts, they do not materially affect the substance c,f that same announcement, nor do they make liasencranz's position a whit better than we were .t first inclined to consider it. Rosencranz, it is said, " had to bear the shock of 140,000 Confede rates ; two of his divisions behaved badly ; he had to fall back in good order (if so we are to believe it), and was waiting, either at Chattanooga or at Rossville, about eight miles above it, such rein forcements as General Burnside could bring up to him from his station at Knoxville, at a distance of 110 miles." Whether these reinforcements would come up in time, and whether they would enable the Federate to cope with the force of 140,000 men wtoom they have already before them, with such aeiditional aid to the Southerners as might in turn be sent up from the other side, events will soon de cade. Men of Southern tendencies meanwhile are 'wistfully speculating here on what contingencies might be in store for Rosencranz should the anxiously awaited reserves chance not to come up in time, or should they prove to be inadequate to the want. Even should the Confederates be unable to drive Rosencranz from Chattanooga and to cut him to pieces in his retreat across the Tennessee River, his position would still be extremely pre carious, unless he soon found himself sufficiently strong to take the offensive, as the Washington bul letins prophesy, or at least so to protect his rear as to secure an uninterrupted line of communication with it. Now, Chattanooga lies at 151 miles from Nashville, and the latter town is again 185 miles from Louisville. The distance of 336 miles from his regular source of supply and actual base of opera tion already places him at a considerable disadvan tage ; but how much worse would his position be if either skirmishers from Bragg's army, or rebel bands, such as have been heard of this morning from Elizabethtown and other localities, were emboldened to burn bridges, tear up the rails, and render com munication imperfect, if not wholly impracticable ! The Union men, especially those belonging to the R a dical or Ultra-Republican party, attach little im portance to the check which th e F e d eral armies have ev idently suffered. " It is only one more of th e bloody, resu ltless, and almost purposel ess b attles of w hi c h this luckless civil war is made up, There a re thousand` of dead and wounded on our side,it i s true," they say, ti but the Union abides. IV e can afford atany put up with losses double th ose time to of our enemies. Vi c tory exhausts the Confederates more surely and irrepa rabl y than any amount of de ranting feat would ever damage us." fanatics exult at every mishap that offers any pro probability of an indefinite prolongation of the war. Their work—i. e., the immediate and violent eman cipation of the blacks, and the t otal ruin and deso lation of the South—cannot be effected on any Speedy close of hostilities; it can only be the work of l ong, slow, fiercely contested warfare. It is of vital importance for them that there should be in cessant fighting throughout the country so long at least as President Lincoln and his Cabinet hold their swa p, The work they have been prevailed upon to undertake must be accomplished be, fore the supreme power comes into the hands of less obstinate men, s s a 0 might listen to the suggestions of humanity an d come t , to a rational compromise. Meanwhile, no doubt, even had the fight at Chat tanooga no other results, it i n must create a great men's m oral revolution i n , a . 3 minds throughout the States. Since I first landed in country, after Gettysburg and Vicksburg, nothing g was more con stantly dinned into my ea rs than the fact that the B o gus Confederacy was coll aps i ng, and their ar mies were used up and demo ra li sed, their Gene rals at their wits ends, their means ex hausted their provisions, clothing, shoes, at the lowest ebb, and that there was hardly a chance of Lee him se lf again daring to take the field, so that on the si c a e of Charleston, Mobile, and Richmond the curtain of this woi ul drama would fall." All this we heard and read risque ad nauseam, and as extreme heat put a stop to military operatioas ore a large scale these broad assertions remained unanswered, when lot the Confederates not only take the field and ap pear in the best trim and equipment, but by one of those strategic combinations which have been to them instead of numbers throughout the war they join issue with that army of the Federals which was looked upon as the best drilled and tried, out wit and actually whip that General on whom the best hopes of his party began to centre, and whose late bold movements had elicited so loud an ap plause and given rise to such sanguine expectations. No doubt, mere numbers and the inexhaustible ness of material means seem to secure the victory in favour of the Northerners in the long run ; but victory is put off from year's end to year's end never theless. The South has done and is aoing more than would be necessary to save its h o nour, tahnadt chance e a e n v e e e r ready to take advantage of anything whatever the p ultra - Republicans turn out in its favour;and Republicans may say to the c ontrary, tion of the war has a terribly demoralising tendency in the North, parties begin to run dangerously high, and the prospect of anarchy stares the people in the face. In Missouri the Radical party are turning all their energies to remove Gen. Schofield, a gentle, well meaning man, whose reluctance t o a d opt sweeping measures they construe into sympathy with men of rebel tendencies. A deputation of these Black Re- publicans has gone up to Washington to solicit the recall of the obnoxious commander. Prone as the Washington Cabinet may be to obey the behests of the Radicals, it is hardly to be expected that they will in to this blind animosity against a public func tionary who has done his duty with no less zeal than discernment. But, in the event of the unsuc cess of their deputation, the Missouri Republicans shrink from no violent measures. They have orga nised clubs and committees of public safety, who glory in their open hostility to Gen. Schofield, Governor Gamble, and nearly all the men now at the head of the State. The Republican party in Missouri, among the native Americans, is conspicu ous neither for its numbers nor for its character ; but they bring into the field several thousand Ger mans, a nation in itself, especially in Louis, where they constituted no less than one-third of the popu lation. These men are for the most part political refugees, who left their country in 1849, at the time of the senseless movement of Badon and other parts of South Germany. They came to America with their cry of Hecker Hoch ! and dived into all the maddest fancies of Red Republicanism. They are not liked by the generality of Americans, because they affect irreligious and communistic notions, and are the easy prey of any demagogue who will give himself the trouble of leading them by the nose. Their vote, however gotten, has no trifling weight, nevertheless; and the Radicals reckon also not a little on their faust-recht, should over party contest come to be decided by riots in the streets. On the other hand, the Democrats, the peace men, and Conservatives, whether of Southern tendencies or otherwise, and, in mere self-defence, even the men at the head of affairs in the State of Missouri, are compelled to seek among the Irish a counterpoise against the overwhelming ascendency of the German element. The Irish, the Roman Ca tholics especially, with their clergy at their head, are the sworn friends of the " Copperheads" in St. Louis, as they are in New York; and the Americans, who in their hearts despise both these set of aliens, are too fain to count their votes on either side in the event of an election, too glad to set them by the ears on the occurrence of a popular fight. Sept. 25. The road to Nashville is clear since yesterday, and the official reports of the burning of bridges, and other damage to the railway line done by the rebel guerillas, appear to have been greatly, and perhaps purposely, exaggerated. lam told, however, that I shall not be able to proceed further than Nash ville, as Gen. Rosencranz has issued the strictest orders that no stranger should on any account what ever be allowed to go up to his encampment, alleg ing the difficulty he has to contend with in procur ing provisions not only for his army, which is well supplied for a month, but also for the local popuia. tion, when the trampling of contending hosts has reduced to the direst distress. Whether actuated by this or by any other motive, Rosencranz seems de- termined to have no near witness of his warlike achievements, and desirous that the world should only hear of them through the organ of the Washin gton official press. His own latest telegraph to Wash ington on the 23d, was, " I cannot be dislodged from my position"--an announcement which must satisfy the Federal authorities that their general is acting on the defensive, and that the position of the armies is completely reversed, as Rosencranz had marched out of Chattanooga, not with the intention of merely holding his ground, but of dislodging the enemy. Private information fresh from Chattanooga is to the effect that " Rosencranz's army has met with a defeat which must put them upon the defensive for some time to come. All the honour of the battles of Saturday and Sunday last, on the part of the Federals, is due to Gen. Thomas's corps, which " was the only oue that did any fighting, and de feated Longstreet with terrible slaughter." M'Cook and Crittenden's corps, which were at the centre, gave way in every direction," and had the enemy been aware of their success, and followed up their advantage, the Federal defeat would have been com plete. As it was, Thomas was, by the defection of the centre, compelled to abandon his part of the field, and fell back to protect his flank. Wood and Negley came up into the abandoned centre in the evening, and the line of battle was thus in some manner restored. This for Saturday. On Sunday the Federals had to withstand a second attack, and it was again Thomas, who" saved the army of the Cumberland from annihilation.' From 10 to 12 o'clock he repulsed the Confederates in three charges, when these again turning their onset against the centre broke M'Cook's and Crittenden's lines, and drove them " in disgraceful panic" to Rossville and Chattanooga. Thomas held his ground with rare steadiness till, by the reinforcement of General G. Granger, he was enabled to effect his retreat into Rossville, bearing the brunt of the battle, and co. vering the retreat of the whole army. These meagre particulars will probably be of little importance to England, where they w ill be preceded by fuller and perhaps more authentic accounts. Such as they are, however, I deemed it expedient to give them in a few words, knowing them to spring from unsuspected sources. For the rest, it requires no very deep knowledge of the subject to be aware that the conflict of Chattanooga, like so many other battles in this hopeless civil war, was only a drawn game, void of results, and leaving the contending parties pretty much as they were. The Union party are ready to hail defeat as well as vic tory a s equa ll y sure to lead to the speedy exhaust i on of their foes, whil e th e l a tt er exu l t i n t h e ev idence et , their unwearied vitality, and declare that the real struggle will only begin with Charleston, Rich mond, and A • lobile shall have fallen into Northern hands, When the champions of the Southern cause will fall backsoo u n th th c at vast territory of Alabama, Georgia, and cannot penetrate With arolina, where a hostile army awayut hard fighting, and where it cannot adva nce from the sea and rivers without unheard of efforts stronghold thtnet:isustain itself. Within this broad t n o Confederate h withdraw with labourers, and there maintain themselvesnlk of their negro Provi dence work out such good as ni till them ; for no hcpe deferred wilt disenchant in store for of their blind reliance on foreign aidehent them them of the vain expectation rai se d in theiran' weary by the attitude of France in Mexico. _ hearts There are people here in Kentucky who are as sure of a e con vention of offensive and defensive alliance" having been stipulated between the Emperor and the Southern Commissioner as if they bad seen the signed and sealed paper with their own ey es . The state of Kentucky has been " debateable ground,' between the contending parties for the last three years, and the war has weighed cruelly upon it. As many of the youths of the country us en listed in the ranks of the Confederate armies at the outbreak of the war have since volunteered or been induced to range themselves under the Federal standards. Of these latter I have heard Union o fficers say that they arc brave, har d y soldiers, highly amenable to discipline, excellent on all points , "every Kentucky man invariebly behaving as if he deemti himself destined for the honours of the Presidential dignity at the head of the Govern ment of the United States." Nothing more common here than to talk with parents whose children are equally shared among the contending parties in this unbrotherly feud, half on the one side, half on the other of every battle field, and to these it is not easy, under such conditions, to pray for victory to either party. cud Kentuck," however, is, in the mass, s tanch Secessionist, or, I should rath er say , South ern sympathiser, neverth e l ess . T hese people are more outspoken than the Marylanders, and the Government seems to have too much respect for their strong-willed and resentful character not to treat them with comparative gentleness and huma nity, The military commander exercising absolute sway here, such as General Boyle and Colonels Mundy and Hanson, are all Kentuckians, and their countrymen have to apprehend from them none of the wanton brutality to which people at the mercy of such " Yankee lawyers" as Butler and Schenk had to submit. With all these advantages, how ever, the Kentucky people describe their condi tion as deplorable ; they point to the country houses, homefields, gardens, and groves which have been burnt down, cut down, or other wise laid waste by the soldiery quartered there with a view to punish a supposed rebel, or to being to terms sus pected disloyalty. They complain that the laws are put aside altogether; that, however lenient, the rule of the military is wayward and arbitrary; that scarcely a day passes without the disgraceful exhi bition of "ladies," as all white women are called in America, dragged before the Provost-Marshal to answer the charge of having "waved their hand kerchiefs," or otherwise showed sympathy to Con federate prisoners. A whole bevy of 25 misses in their teens, belong ing to an " establishment " of which I do not well know the nature—factory girls, I suspect—had to put up with that indignity no later than yesterday ; and although it was admitted that their guilt rested on no proof, and their innocence was fully established, still they had to submit to that silly ordeal, the "oath of allegiance ;" that vain and gratuitous an noyance which does not secure the fidelity of a single citizen, but greatly adds to the number of the disaffected and the " martyrs." The press, as it enu merates these deeds of wanton severity, takes care to attribute high praises to the men in authority for the gentleness and courtesy with which they acquit themselves of their irksome duties. No civility or politeness, however, can make amends to a young lady or woman—if the words are equivalent iu a republic—or to her parents for the part she may be made to play in a " scene at the Provost Marshal's;" nor is it any consolation to her or to her friends, after being dragged into a court-room, to have it ultimately stated that she was " not guilty of any offence against the laws or the Government, and her innocence was clearly set forth." The gallant colo nel filling the office of Provost-Marshal, we are told, " fights treason at home with the same splen did bravery which has characterised him heretofore in the field." A fight with young women, however , especially if they turn out innocent, must lower a man of " fearless courage and undaunted will" in hi s own estimation, and it is difficult to imagine that any real strength may accrue to the Government by taking note of any wave of a handkerchief, or even of any tear, by Which tender woman ventures to ex press her sympathies in behalf of unfortunate valour. Again, in the sam e a f ternoon o f yes terday a " lady" was requested t o ca ll at C o l one l H an son's office and take the oath of allegiance to the United States ; she called as desired, but insisted that she had only lived in Louisville two months, and had not had time to say anything either for or a gainst the Government. Th e C o l one l rep li e d as follows : " Madam, with all the facilities you have for talking you could have said a great deal in that length of time." Upon that suppositious argument that "it was just possible she might have spoken for or against the Gov ernment, " t h e oat h was enforced upon her, and she "t oo k th e oath.," I know n ot to what extent compulsory oaths may be binding on American consciences, but, judging from the com mon standard of humanity, I should feel less dis posed to rely on the allegiance of that or of other ladies after they had been sworn than before. It is meanwhile by this galling yet almost puerile system of persecuti on th at t h e G overnm ent, and the idic-al faction whi c h i n fl uences i t , l a y up for them selves such a tr easure o f rancour , suc h an immense amount of popular h a t re d i n th e se Southern dis - • tricts. The mere name o f " Y an k ee " Wa s already sufficiently obnoxious in these parts in former times, and the very men and officers who are now fighting side by sid e i n th e U n i on ran k s w ith Northerners and down-Easterners harbour feelings of contempt and dislike against their " brothers in arms" which amount to unjust and absurd prejudice. This san guinary war could hardly fail to aggravate these mutual animosities; still torrents of blood shed in the field, and dire execution in the heat of long con tested victory, were hardly fraught with as much mischief, so far as the prospects of future union as based on good understanding are concerned, as the cold blooded severity, the vexatious inquisitiveness, the fretful jealousy and vindictiveness of the Go vernment and its subaltern 'agents. These Louts villians, who speak to me unreservedly, are per fectly savage about it. Their hatred, to hear them, is implacable, and were nothing to turn up to miti gate their fate "they would all desert their country and doom themselves to perpetual e xile rather than see the humiliation of th e ir fellow-citizens, and swell the triumph of their oppressors.' I have, however, no great faith in the eternity of either love or hatred, and, although, no doubt, many of the Louisville merchants have been ruined by the interruption of the Mississippi trade, and by the annihilation of the Southern markets, yet I believe the land has too great an attraction for its natives, and offers them too ample resources, for any great number to be driven to the desperate measure of self-banishment. The Government of the United States has offered to buy from loyal landowners in Maryland all such slaves as may be deemed able to bear arms at the price of 300 dols. each; these freed men will instantly be enlisted as soldiers in the coloured regiments. I wish you could hear the comments of these Ken tuckians on that decree. " What !" they say, " was it not enough to welcome a fugitive slave, to put a musket in his hand, and place him in the ranks with white combatants ? The runaway slave deserved at least some credit for daring aspiration. He might have been desirous to show himself worthy of free dommorthy to strike a blow for his own emancipation, forlthe redemption of his fellow-bondsmen ; but to buy a slave, a willing, contented slave, to fight the battles of freedom—to buy the despised African, after exhausting the market of the heavy Germans, of the riotous Irish, of the riff-raff of all Europe— is that What was to be expected - of 20,000,000 of freemen engaged in war against less than 7,000,000 or 8,000,000, after three years of boasted victories, after a struggle in which the material means of the stronger party were said to be multiplied, while the weaker party was described as utterly worn out, as on the eve of a final and general collapse ?" For their own part, whatever may have been asserted to the contrary, the Southerners will not avail them selves of their Degrees, slave or free, in their war with their former brethren. They will arm the negro, not with sword or musket, but only with the spade or the currycomb, dooming him to those menial offices in time of war for which alone they deemed him fit in days of peace. , ADVERTlSEMENT.]—Avoid a m p ecl u ie ß ill a e r s r : y,s they Deliciousalways vate nheal t chronic complaints, Restoring Revalenta Arabica Food, which es sa ti v ie e m s , fi r f e ty st t o i r m in e g s its cost in other remedies, invariably cur perfect digestion, strong nerves, soundlungs, healthy liver, pure blood, refreshing sleep, functional regularity , and energy to the most disordered or enfeebled. We extractafew out of t of 60,000 C ures : —C ure N o. 58 , 216 of the Marchioness RI - than, Paris, of a l i ver com pl a i n t, was ti ng away f or seven o Years, debility, with a nervous palpitation all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, the most intolerable nervous agitation, and dreadfully low spirited.—Cure No. 1,771. Lord Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieut. of Waterford, of many years' f Ys P e psia.—No. 49,83 q. " Fifty years' indescribable acony fi r a o t m ulednY:PePsia' nervousness, asthma, cough, constip a ti on, 37, B . Bll ls, elekness, and vomiting.—Maria Jolly." —Cure No. 16,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derange runt, and partial deafness. —Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fan c ies._Cure No. 54,616. The Rev. Jas T. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk "of indigestion and torpi• dity or the liver, which had resistei all medical treatment." In tins, 1 M. is. 9d. ; 21b., 46. 66 ; 51h 11s. ; 121 b., 225. ; ]4lb a 4O ls s e .— F ß e a rt r n rylt a t n l f l a r it r i y asaonn ; and dCo. al l Grocers an d Chemists in, No. 77,1te:,,,, , t_street, London ; every town of the United King tom. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 15, 1863. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. NEWMARKET SECOND OCTOBER MEETING. The t continuance of this splendid autumn weather helped to draw a concourse to the heath this morning, not always seen on the day after the Caesarewitch, and which the at tractions of a not particularly interesting card scarcely war ranted. Water Kelpie and Curagao, wretches both, scarcely raised a gallop in the Beaufort Stakes, and Au onyma cleverly snatched the race from the favourite Donnybrook in the 25 sovs Sweepstakes. There was a good race between Signalman and the Plush filly for the 15 sovs Sweepstakes, which Mr. Payne's colt won by a head. Lord Glasgow's star was again in the ascendant, he winning his match with Mr. Greville cleverly after a good set-to at the finish. Maccaroni walked over for the Select Stakes, Roman Bee, reported to be "a clipper," declining a:contest with the Derby winner—and the Bedford was an easy victory for Goldylocks. Donnybrook cantered in some dozen lengths in advance of his horses for the Oatlands Handicap, and though Lord Stamford's Orpheus was fancied by the cog noscenti for the 50 soya Sweepstakes, it proved only a canter for Mr. Naylor's filly, who won with ease by a length. The sun shone brightly all day, and though the sport was not of a very first-rate character, yet the weather some what made amends. The Beaufort Stakes of 150 soya each, h ft; for colts, Bst 101 b ; fillies, Bst Glb ; untried mares or stallions allowed 31b, if both 51b. R3l, 4 subs. Mr. Saxon's Water Kelpie, Bst 31b (31b) (Midgley) 1 Sir R. Bulkeley's Curagao, Bst 31b (31b) ....(W. Boyce) 2 Betting -2 to lon Water Kelpie, who made all the run ning and won in a canter by two lengths. Sweepstakes of 25 sovs each, 15 ft, for 3-yr-olds and up wards; weight for age; maidens allowed 71b, A.F. 3 subs. Lord Glasgow's Anonym, 4 yrs, Bst 71b (Aldcroft) 1 Mr. W. Hart's Donnybrook, 3 yrs, 7st 51b .. (E. Taylor) 2 Betting -5 to 2on Donnybrook, who took a clear lead of a length, which ho maintained across the flat to the bushes : where Aldcroft drew up and followed him into the Abing don Mile bottom, when he challenged, and half way in the cords obtained a slight advantage and won by three parts of a length. Maiden Plate of £5O, for 2-yr-olds ; colts, Bst 10ih ; and fillies, Bst 71b ; if entered to be sold for 100 sovs allowed 71b. T,Y.C. Mr. Sadler's Voucher colt (£1oo). Bst 31b (S. Adams) 1 Capt. Goff's Eleanor gloo), Bst (Daley) 2 Mr. Gunnell' s L a d y Milton (£100), Bst (Hunter) 3 The following also ran .—Flutter, Charmian, Sea Boy, Verdiere, Rothschild, Flaneur, and Beloochee. Betting-5 to 2 agst Eleanor, 3to 1 agat the Voucher colt, 6 to 1 aget Flaneur, 7 to 1 agst Rothschild, and 8 to 1 agst Verdiere. They ran nearly in a line to the commencement of the cords, the favourite, with the Voucher colt, then drew slightly in advance, the former having a shade the best of it to within a dozen strides of the chair, where Adams brought out his horse and won very cleverly by a couple of lengths; a head separated the second and third; Flaneur was fourth, close up, then came Sea Boy, Roths child, and Charmian close together, Flutter being last. Captain Goff claimed the winner, and Mr. Gunnell Eleanor. Handicap Sweepstakes of 15 sovs each, 10 ft, for 2-yr-olds. T.Y.C. 10 subs. Mr. Payne's Pl us h colt, 7st 51b (H. Grimshaw) 1 Lord Westm ore l and ' s Signalman, 7 s t 131 b .. (S . Adams) 2 Mr. Clarke' s R oodee, 7st 101 b ( carr i e d 7 st 111 b (Fordham) 3 Mr. Robertson's Blight, 7st 10Ib (Brewty) 4 Mr. G. A nge l' s E l g,iva, Tat 13Ib (Perry) 5 Mr. R. Teu Broeck's Arcadian, 7st.. (Murfit) 6 The betting opened at 7 to 4 and closed at 3 to 1 agst the Plush colt, and 100 to 30 aget Blight, 7 to 2 agst Signalman, 4 to 1 agst Roodee, and 100 to 8 agst any other. Signalman jumped away with a decided lead, followed by Roodee and the Plush colt to the cords, where the latter headed Mr. Clarke's colt, and caught Signalman half-a dozen strides from home, and won a fine race by a head ; half-a-dozen lengths separated the second and third. The others were beaten off some distance. Match, Bst 71b each. T.Y.C. 200, h ft. Lord Glasgow's Miss Whip filly, Bst 71b .. (Alderoft) 1 Mr. Graville's Bradainante, Bst 71b .... (11. Grimshaw) 2 Betting -5 to 4on the Miss Whip filly. The non -favourite made play to half way in the cords, when the favourite headed her and won by half a length. Handicap Sweepstakes of 10 soya each, for 3-yr-olds and upwards. T.Y.C. 12 subs. Mr. Brayley's Golden Dust, 3 years, Est 131 b.. (Cannon) 1 Mr, Payne's Rosina, 3 yrs, sst 71b (J. Grimshaw) 2 Mr. Samuel's Twilight, aged, Oat (A. Edwards) 3 Walloon, Stockowner, Airedale, Gentle Kitty colt, Rose bud, and Vindictive also ran. Betting -3 to 1 agst Rosina, 100 to 80 agst Airedale, sto 1 agst Golden Dust, 7 to 1 each Twilight and Rosebud, and 8 to 1 agst Walloon. The start was delayed some time in consequence of the restiveness of Vindictive, who bolted, and being brought back to her horses she repeated the feat, and did not get back in time to start. On the flag falling, Airedale, in com pany with Rosebud, Rosina, Golden Dust, and Twilight ran into the cords, where Golden Dust took a decided lead, and won cleverly by half a length; a length between the second and third ; Airedale was fourth, close up, Walloon fifth, and the Gentle Kitty colt next. Sweepstakes of 10 soya each; for 2-yr-olds 7st 31b, and 3- yr-olds 9st, fillies allowed 31b. The winner to be sold for 80 sovs if demanded, &c. T.Y.C. 6 subs. Duke of St. Albans' Ostentation, 2 yrs (S. Adams) 1 Mr. John Day's Flaneur, 2 yrs (Deacon) '2 Mr. 11. Melville's The Plover, 3 yrs (J. Goater) 3 Sir H. Des Veeux's Warhorse, 3 yrs (Custance) 4 Mr. H. Savile's Kate Coventry, 2 yrs ('l'. French) 5 Atlas also ran. They ran abreast into the cords, when Ostentation and Flaneur singled themselves out, and ran a close race home, the former winning cleverly at last by three parts of a length, Flaneur beating the Plover by a length for second ; the others were close up, with the exception of Atlas, who was left at the post. The Select Stakes of .50 sovs each, h ft, for 3-yr olds, colts Bst 71b, and fillies Bst 41b, Winners extra. It.M. 16 subs. Mr. Naylor's Macaroni, 9st (Inc 71b extra) (Challoner) w.o. The Bedford Stakes, a sweepstakes of 30 soya each, 12 ft ; colts Bst 101 b, fillies Bst 71b; winners extra. Last five furlongs of A.F. 7 subs. Mr. T. Valentine's Goldylocks, Bst 71b (W. Boyce) 1 Mr. Henry's Annington, 8-t 101 b Baron Niviere's Antinous, Bst 101 b (A. Watkins) 3 Betting-5 to 4 agst Goldylocks, and 7to 4 agst An nington. The favourite made the whole of the running, and won easily by two lengths. Antinous headed Mr. Henry's colt a few strides from the post, and obtained second place by half a length. The Oatlands Plate (handicap) of 50 soya, for 3-yr-olds and upwards. Cambridgeshire Course. Mr. W. Hart's Donnybrook, 3 yrs, 7at 51b .. (E. Taylor) 1 Mr. H. E. Handley's Cheerful, 3 yrs, 7st (H Taylor) 2 Mr, Greavea's Sledmere, 3 yrs, 6st 41b (Morris) 3 The following also ran :—Tattoo, Loiterer, Maid of Maaharn filly, Black Deer, Gratitude, Kingswood, and Pan cake's dam colt. Betting-5 to 2 agst Kingswood, 3to 1 agst Donnybrook, 4 to 1 agat Tattoo, 100 to lb agst the Pancake dam colt, 8 to 1 agst the Maid of Masham filly, and 10 to 1 agst any other. Sledmere made the running, followed by Donnybrook, Cheerful, and the Pancake dam colt, to the Old Duke's Stand post, where Donnybrook slipped his horses and won in a trot by 10 lengths. Gratitude was fourth, Captain Gray's colt fifth, and Kingswood next, The others were pulling up as they passed the post. Sweepstakes of 50 soya each, h ft, for 2-yr-olds ; colts, Bst 101 b ; fillies, Bst 81b ; winners extra, maidens allowed 31b. Criterion Course. 9 subs. Mr. Naylor's Linda, Bst 131 b (including 61b extra) Lord Stamford's Alpheus, Bst 71b ........ (A. Edwards) 2 Baron Rothschild's Lady Hawthorn filly, Bst 51b (Daley) 3 Betting—Even ou Alpheus, and 6 to 4 agst Linda. Match for 200 says, h ft. D.M. Received. Lord Glasgow's Knowsley, Sat 71b Paid. A Match has been made between Mr. Naylor's Carnival, 4 yrs Bst 71b each. Baron Rothschild Wingrave, Oat ........... . 3 yrs, and Lord Glasgow's Clarissimus, 500 sovs, h ft. R.M. Match—Garotter, 2 yrs, Sat 101 b, agst Chalybeate, 2 yrs, Set 71b. Last three miles of B.C. 100 sovs, 25 ft. LATEST BETTING. CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 6to 1 agat Limosina (taken freely) 100 to 12 agst Catch; era Alive (taken) 15 to 1 agst Exchequer (taken) 100 to 6 agat Bathilde (taken) 100 to 6 agst Birdhill (taken) 20 to 1 agst Borealis (taken) 22 to 1 agst Gensma (taken) 25 to 1 agst Despair (taken) 28 to 1 agst Jack of Ilearts (taken) 30 to 1 agat Grande Dame (taken) 30 to 1 agst Carnival (taken) 40 to 1 agst Aufield (taken): 50 to 1 agst Hubert (taken) 50 to 1 agst Roman Ifee:(taken) TILE DISPUTED RACE AT BEDPOILD,—Tho members of the Jockey Club have awarded the race won by Somnise at Bedford to Faith (who came in second), on the ground that the French filly was not a maiden. Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur chasing a nd 45.45. 8d .), 4s. "High Standard "at 4s. 4d. (formerly is he Horniman's pure T ea ; ver y choice at 3s. 4d. and strongest and most delicious imported. Agents in eve r y town supply it in rackets. -t and Pills.— [ADVEUTISEMF.NT.]--4 - 1 0110 Way'S down Unerring Precision.—When the health is In:7 9 '" when from the continuance of some weakening discharg... ulcers refuse to heal and extending mischief is threatey then is the time to try the potency of Holloway's healing Ointment and purifying Pills. No treatment for giving ease and safely leading to a cure can bo compared to this. The Ointment cleans and cools the foulest and most angry sores, diminishes inflammation, reduces the swelling, pre. I vents tl2e growth of proud flesh, and spares both pain and danger. Hundred s testify from t h e i r own personal ex perience to the u nwea rying succe ss atten di ng the use of Holloway's medicaments in case of enlaized veins, scurfy skin, and swelled analesi SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TlMES.—Whoever recommended the Russian Emperor to send a squadron of frigates to New York may congratulate himself on a great success. Now that it is done we see that it was exactly the thing to do, and almost wonder that it never oc curred before to the astute politicians of St. Peters burg. The resemblances between the United States and the Russian empire have not only been re marked by every one who has thought on the pre sent and the probable future state of the world, but they have created a sympathy between the two Powers which is becoming stronger under the in fluence of calamity, disappointed ambition, and the rebukes of the civilised world. Both in their ar rogance and petulance of a few years since and in their present tone of more limited pretensions, the Americans and Russians have shown an accord which indicates the gravitation of the two Powers to a permanent alliance. In the palmy days when Nicholas affected to be the arbiter of the Old World, and the American Presidents were conquering provinces in the New, the constant theme of congratulation between the Republic and the Despotism was the decadence of all Powers but themselves, and the certainty that they would subject all the countries about them, one after the other, to their dominion. They both had enormous territory, and regions still more im mense which they could make their own when they would. They were both new Powers, unencum bered with the debts, the traditions, and the in ferior social organisation of their older rivals. They had a manifest destiny, and were to fulfil the designs of Providence by plundering and subjuga ting all who were not strong enough to resist. And who should resist fitty years hence, when the popu lations of the two aggressive empires should have doubled and tripled in a fashion impossible to the crowded inhabitants of Western Europe ? From these dreams Russia was roused by a war which showed how unable she was to face the Western Powers, which forced her to dismantle a fortress and cede a portion of her territory, and which, if it had continued another year, would certainly have de prived her of valuable provinces. The pride of the United States has still more lately met its fall. The disruption of the Republic, the proof that a large part of the people had ceased to care for the Union— nay, had imbibed a strong hatred against the rest of their countrymen—the gloomy prospect of lingering warfare, to ue ended at the very best only by the extirpation of the Southerners and the ruin of their country —these things are weighing on the spirits of the Federal patriots, whose Fourth of July orations used once to paint such a transcendent future. In the hour of common trial the Czar gives his officers the opportunity of showing his Republican allies how much they sympathise with each other, and resent the of England and France. Not that the discreet and guarded Muscovites would ever hint that their visit had a political object, or that they had anything but esteem for Englishmen, Frenchmen, and all mankind. The coarser part of the speechmaking is left to the New York orators, just as the interpretation of the squadron's visit, as the sign of a speedy alliance between the two countries, for the punishment of European perfidy, is allowed to be given to the world by the American press. But there can be little doubt that what has taken place is just what the Emperor foresaw and desired. At a time when both he and his brother potentate at Washington are carrying on a relent less war against so-called " rebels," and each is in some trepidation as to the policy of France, the Czar calls forth an exhibition of the mutual sympathy be tween their respective nations. The time could not have been better chosen, the success could not have been more complete. The Russian officers are the lions of the hour. They are invited everywherel; the British and French officers remain unnoticed on board their ships. It is entirely understood that by the unusual honours paid to the Czar's frigates is testified the goodwill of the Federal Government and people towards him and the work which his troops are doing in Europe. Republican sym pathy rises freely for one who is engaged in putting down rebels. When almost every nation in Europe pro tested against the Russian atrocities in the spring, Mr, Seward declined to condemn them. This was but the due return for the Emperor's refusal to interfere in American affairs. The good understanding still prevails. No American cau see anything wrong in a Polish war, to which that carried on in Virginia and Tennessee bears so strong a resemblance. No Russian can desire anything but the success of a Government which he hopes will make a diversion in favour of the Czar, whenever that Sovereign's method of dealing with his Polish subjects is ques tioned by Western Europe. To what length the enthusiasm of the new alliance can lead a Federal audience is amusingly shown by the reported speech of Admiral Lisovski at a banquet given to himself and his officers. The health of the Emperor had been drunk with great applause, and the Admiral duly returned thanks. The praise which the Ameri can speaker lavished on his Majesty was, according to the Admiral, really deserved. "He is certainly not only the benefactor of his subjects," exclaimed the eloquent seaman, " he is the friend of mankind. From what he has already done, from what he is doing every day, he is certainly entitled to the same surname which once a Roman Emperor claimed, "fee Delight of Mankind.'" When we recollect that these words were spoken to and cheered voci ferously by a people who have for 80 years been preaching to the world self-government and the right of mankind to be free, we may see how little strength political principles possess compared with the impulses or fancied interests of the hour. The support of Russia is valuable, and therefore all the national traditions concerning nationality and popular rights are forgotten in a moment, and the servant of a despotic monarchy is applauded for saying that the Prince who is now ordering the massacres and confiscations is Warsaw, and whose rule has been officially denounced as a tyranny by the most conservative Powers in Europe, is the "Delight of Mankind." That the sympathies of the audience were completely with the Russian Govern ment is made more evident by their reception of Gen. Wallbridge's eloquence. This gentleman, who made the speech of the evening, after telling his hearers that England had in the early part of the century been " driven from the ocean" by the Ame ricans, said what is true, but what has seldom been so openly avowed by American society—" In the struggle which Russia had in 1854 with France and England, the sympathies of our people were with Russia." This assertion was received with cheers, and cries of "That's so." His vision of the future was, that "Providence has decreed that there shall be two great hemispheres, one the Eastern and the other the Western. The one shall be represented by Russia, and the other by the United States." Equally magniloquent was the Hon. Hendricks B. Wright, member of Congress, who said that " there were but two first-class Powers in the world—Rus sia and the United States—because they were the only two that could from their own resources and within themselves either put down insurrection or resist a combination of all the other Powers of the world." (Applause.) Indeed, the community of the two great empires, made more sensible by the circum stance that both are engaged in "putting down the rebels," seems to have been the idea pre sent to every one's mind. It wanted but this bond to make perfect the union between the two nations. Each will bid defiance to the world, relying upon its just right to destroy every population and devastate every province which dares to disarrange its plans of empire by any such words as " liberty" and " independence. HERALD.—Possibly there are cogent reasons why every year the assemblage of the Social Science Con gress should be denounced as an explosion of wind bags. Possibly, too, there is a cause in Nature for the aggravated derision with which, from particular quarters the association is assailed when it meets at Edinburgh. We might, perhaps, be following the example of exaggeration were we to prefer the amiable debates in the Scottish capital before the tilting of crowned heads at Frankfort-on -the Maine. But there is, after all, a peculiar fitness in the choice of Edinburgh for this year's summing-tip of results deduced from the quiet meditations of ear nest men upon the questions which touch the inte rests of every man, woman, and child upon the earth. No doubt, as the cavillers urge, there is superfluous small talk, there are worthless papers, there is infi nitely more than would suffice of mutual eulorsy • but let these weaknesses, and the amenities arising from them, pass. It is something to get the more prosperous and better educated classes to thiuk of the social strata beneath them, and Edinburgh has invariably been hospitable and congenial with science of every colour. It is amusing, at this com paratively sight distance of tim e , to remember the year 1835, when the British Scientific Association, presided over by Sir Thomas Brisbane, Sir David Brewster, and Dr. Romney Robinson, held its fourth congress in that city. "It is too remote," exclaimed a number of timid philosophers, from the scientific population of the island. The meeting cannot succeed." However, twelve hundred and sixty-eight members were present, with Arago, Agassiz, and Brougham. They saw then, and com mented upon, what Mr. Chadwick and Dr. Arnott saw afterwards ; abominations which called for not a little Social Science to remove them—the foul burn, the scandal of Auld Reekie, with its populous and foetid banks, the noisome marshes around Holy rood. How much has since been changed at the 'ddine of a social science less organised and, some say, less ostentatious than that of our times! `ontation, or rather the formality, publi -ire useful, and have done good, in wynds of Edinburgh, " Mine 'armion sang, but not in savoury, in suite of ' gable turrets," might, But the Obi,. City, and eclat, their degree, in the own romantic town," as his genera tion by any means tot , the gloomy splendour red," the " and the ridges of "purple amethyst," whence could be viewed Ochil, Preston Bay, and Berwick Law. Oar " gentle dulness" on this side of the border " dearly loves a joke," and Scotchmen have occa sionally enjoyed one, even at the expense of Edin burgh; for was it not in that metropolis that, re ferring to the cry of " Gardez l'eau," once so rife in her streets—a cry silenced by social science—the audacious critic affected to doubt, " Edinburgh has been called the Modern Athens, but we trust that no one will suppose this to be the strongest point of similitude. Nothing is more obvious than the point of view whence these and similar gatherings may be triumphantly disparaged. They are convened, it may be said, for purposes of talk. But talk is a great thing in the life of a nation. Parliament is an institution of talk. Literature is talk in a particu lar form. Constitutionalism itself depends upon talk. There never was anything great or good done without being prefaced by a struggle of talk. It may be granted that, in all associations, a certain amount of freedom is permitted to gentlemen—and ladies, of whom the president might ask, " Why waste your time and me ? "—but that is unavoidable. And, as Lord Brougham observed in his inaugural speech to the congress, if the social reforms for which the association labours are not all in course of being carried out we are guilty of an unjustifiable impa tience, upon the one hand, in despairing because humanity does not expand as quickly as vapour, and of inconsistency, upon the other, in deprecia ting those voluntary organisations of thinking and energetic individuals which prevent mankind from forgetting its own claims in its artificial form, that of an aggregated and mutually dependent society. We are glad that the Social Science Congress at Edinburgh does not restrict its survey to the topics suggested by Lord Brougham, eloquent and lumi nous though his exposition of them was. An inte rest is felt, of course, in this country in the eman cipation of the Russian serfs, in the civic liberties of the Poles, in the half-budded constitutionalism of Germany, in the relations of Austria and France, in Austria as she stands in Venice, and in France as she stands at Rome. We are all concerned, moreover, with the efforts of those who would complete the work of Wilberforce, and everywhere set free the slave. But we may take a hint from a medical orator who spoke on the first day of this month to the students of one of our London colleges. " I respect the inferior creation," he said, " but I will not sacrifice to them and the mercy they claim the sacred lives of my fellow-creatures." We may have sympathies for the negro and sympathies for Poland, but we have our harvests of social progress to sow, and cultivate, and reap at home. There is crime to be checked and the criminal to be reclaimed; there is justice to be made more certain without being more rigorous; there are the poor to be educated and guaranteed against the extremes of moral, spiritual, and physical destitution. We have a large class of friendless, unprotected, and innocent young women and girls to be protected ; there is that monster of night and day, the supreme evil of our great cities, to be grappled with and con quered; there is its bloody handmaiden, the child murderess, to be disciplined out of her great, awful, and dark temptation. These are the grand sanitary and social questions with which some fear less minds, represented at the Edinburgh Congress, will have yet to cope. We commend them to the advocates and friends of this beneficent and compre hensive movement. No fair-spirited discussion can leave out of sight the subjects even now brought before the congress—the system of registering deaths, the state of domestic servants, the drainage, lighting, and ventilation of towns, the prosperity or failure of co-operative societies and savings banks; but with all their singleness and honesty of pur pose, the members of the Social Science Congress, now congregated at Edinburgh, appear to flinch from their highest duties, and from wrestling with those mighty, mysterious, and complicated problems before which even the liberty of the press, in a social sense, recoils. The debate must be carried on in the upper regions, or the final vote will be indeci sive. This Social Science is a science of more vast proportions than is imagined by the authors of the essays it provokes; recognising all the merit, all the sincerity, all the talent now in the zenith of Scotiand, we are bound to look beyond them, and discern immense social paradoxes with which Social Science to this day has had nothing to do. POST.—Since the reception given by the Arch duke Maximilian to the deputation of the Mexican " notables," some ten days since, the public mind has become less anxious in respect to the ultimate results of French intervention in Mexico. When at the time commenting on the nature of the reply , given by the Archduke to the address of the depu tation, we spoke of it as satisfactory, no one, except perhaps sanguine speculators on the Stock Ex change, supposed that the acceptance of the prof fered throne would be absolutely unconditional. In fact, there can be no reason to doubt that the terms of the Archduke's acceptance were settled on long before the deputation set out for Trieste, and that they were such as met with the approval of the Power most interested in seeing its operations in Mexico brought to a successful issue. When we call to mind the great difficulties which the Euro. peen Powers experienced in finding a Prince to fill the vacant Throne of Greece, we cannot but feel surprise at the comparative facility with which an occupant has been found for the Mexican Throne. In Greece, a people partly dissatisfied with their form of government, overturned the existing dy nasty, and with a unanimity of whose genuineness there could be no doubt, invited in succession several princes to accept their empty Throne. Whatever may be the doubts, if any, which harass the mind of King George, none can arise respecting the loyalty of the people whom he ie about to govern. Of the adherents of the previous Sovereign who are still to be found in Greece there are none who would seriously contemplate a c ounter-revolution in favour of the exiled Otho. But in Mexico affairs stand on a very different footing. The unanimity of the po pulation in substituting an Empire for a Republic is a fact which is still to be proved. When con versing with the members of the deputation, the Archduke Maximilian directed especial attention to the fact that at least threeefourths of the population had not as yet had an opportunity of confirming with their votes the decision of the Provisional Go vernment which invited him to accept the high office of Emperor of Mexico. It has of late years become the fashion to conduct the election of Kings and Emperors after the same manner which determines the choice of an American President ; and, if Mexico is to substitute an Empire for a Republic, it is by universal suffrage alone that the change is to be effected. The people are to speak for themselves, and, when they have spoken, their decision is to be received as if it were a decree of Providence, What ever objections some might be inclined to offer to the proposed mode of procedure, such objections possess but little weight so long as the parties im mediately interested profess themselves content. In the foundation of the new Empire , the approval of the majority of the Mexican people is declared to be a condition precedent, and the Archduke, under such circumstances, is compelled to postpone his un qualified acceptance of the throne until that condi tion is fulfilled. The plebiscite which will pronounce him the elected Sovereign of the Mexican people is not, however, the only condition on which the Aus trian Prince has based his acceptance of the proffered Crown. In that ambiguous language which seems to be peculiar both to Sovereigns and Ministers of State on occasions when of all others the multitude are desirous that they should speak intelligibly and without reserve, the Archduke Maximilian referred g varantecs which he would require to secure, least fo? a term, the independence of the infant at t o the le monarchy. It is indeed much to be regretted that he did not entire explicitly define what it was he re quired before csausenting to link his fortunes with that of the Mexictsn empire, because, had he done so, much needless miselnprehension would have been obviated. One of thb many suppositions to which the use of the word "guarantees" gave rise was that he entertained ex p ec otions of receiving an en gagement from Great Brita,::n to p r otect the new domestic Government from foreign and Accepting such a construction, aggression, ft is needless to say that the imposition of such a condition would be tantamount to refusi the Crown. Engla nd with drew from the interv ention in Mexico as soon as she saw the peculiar character with which France de sired to invest it, and now that matters have been brought to an apparently successful termination, it would be utterly foreign to her invariable policy to experimentalise in the creation of a novel form of go vernment in a country in which she feels 'o ex traordinary personal inter est. England doubtless has, like other nations, a mission, but the field caber labours lies for the most part at home. It would be absurd to suppose that the Archduke Maximilian is not perfectly aware of all this ; and therefore, as there is no reason for believing that he intended wilfully to mislead the Mexican deputation by ap pearing to comply with their wishes, whilst in reality definitively refusing the Thrbne offered for his acceptance, it must be presumed that a British protectorate did not occur to his thoughts when he referred to guarantees. Of the extent to which the French Government and the French people will be prepared to go. in order to secure for the new Go vernment a fair start, it is not easy to form an opinion. One thing at least seems certain, namely, that the French Emperor has not incurred the heavy expenses incidental to the Mexican expedition, and encountered the risk of an ignominious failure, merely to withdraw at the moment when his m ost sanguine hopes have b een realised. He has not defeated the army of Ju arez, taken p ossession of the capital of Mexico, and seen a Provisional Govern ment established ready t o carr y his wishes into Wed only at the last moment to withdraw his army and allow the partizans of the subverted Government once more to re-establish that state of anarchy which he boasted he had brought to an end. The Mexican question may still possess its difficulties, and, notwithstanding the laurels which have been culled by French troops between Vera Cruz and the town of Mexico, members may be found in the Legislative Chambers to express doubts whether the glory achieved by the French legions has not been too dearly purchased. But the question will still remain whether, having done so much, the work ought now to be abandoned. Ultimate success ie the only justification which can be offered for the French expedition to Mexico ; it is the only reply which a Minister could give in the Chambers to the murmurs of the Opposition. Despondency is not a trait in the Napoleonic character ; and, even if matters did not wear a favourable aspect, Louis Napoleon is scarcely the man to relinquish an un finished work. But in truth everything has hap pened as the Emperor wished and intended. The late Government of Mexico is completely and to all appearance finally overthrown. So far as the opportunity has presented itself of learning the sentiments of the people, they have hailed its fall with satisfaction, and anticipate with pleasure the monarchy which under French auspices, is to be raised in its stead. Already the several European Powers have manifested their intention of recog nising the new Government ; and a Prince of the highest lineage, and brother of an Emperor, has con sented to become its head. Even were we to glance into the future, circumstances conspire to aid the pro ject on whose accomplishment the French Emperor has evidently set his heart. The severance between the Northern and Southern sections of the American Republic has prevented either or both from orga nising that opposition to the establishment of the Mexican Empire which would otherwise undoubt edly have been set up. But as the Southern Con federacy must before long establish its indepen dence, it would be open to the French Emperor, if he so pleased, and should circumstances render it necessary, to recognise that independence, and, by an alliance with the south, secure Mexico from all danger of a Federal invasion. But the division between the North and South will of itself suffice to secure for the new monarchy an immunity from aggression. Whatever, therefore, may be the delays which may intervene before the complete establish ment of the proposed empire, we believe that even tually, and at no distant interval, both America and Europe will have the satisfaction of seeing Mexico I ruled by a responsible and a respectable Govern ment. COUNTRY MARKETS. ~,.. ....-.....-... NEWARK--WEDNESDAY. Scarcely so much wheat on offer at our market to-day, and the demand was quiet at the prices of last week. Best samples of barley sold at late rates—other sorts easier. A. slow sale for oats. Beans rather lower. White wheat new, 43s to 46s Barley, grinding 29s to 31s Red do. 3qs to 41s Oats, old, .. 27s to 30s Old white 44s to 47s New do 20s to 23s Red do. 40s to 44s ( Beans. 39s to 41 s Barley, malting....36s to 468 1 Beans, new 37s to 395 HULL-TUESDAY. At this day's market the show of wheat was moderate, and sales were made at late rates. A fair supply of oats, and hardly so dear. Barley was taken off at termer rates. Beans very little altered. Wheat.... Old white per qr. .. 44s Od to 46s Od Old red Nov white .. ~ New red ... ~ Barley.... English malting 3Bs Od t0 . 40s Od Grinding 26s 6d to 28s Od Seal and Oderbruck Holstein and Danish 3os Od to 31s Od Grindint , Oats English', old 26s Od to 28s Od Archangel and Riga, per st oBl2ld to 13d Friesland and Dutch oBl3d to 08131 d Swedish and Danish osl2ld to osl3d Beans ....English, old, per qr New pigeon 42s Od to 44s Od New tick 4os Od to 42s Od Egyptian .. 30s Od to 33$ 6d Peas Foreign boilers .. Grinding Tares ....Spring. —s Od to —s Od Indian Corn Linseed, feeding crushing Linseed cakes (Hull) ... 110 0 oto 0 0 0 815 oto 9 0 0 Foreign, Rape cakes 6 0 oto 0 0 0 Bones •.,, 5 5 oto 510 0 LYNN— At to-day's corn market tl wheat, at rather lower rates. White 43s to 45s / Barley ...../ 34s to 38s Red..: 40s to 435 1 Grinding ..285 to 330 Beans .365 . A0:40s 1 Oats ....••18s to 24s New —s to s 1 Peas ..—s to —5 'IIESDAt. sere was a moderate supply of COAL A Prim of Coal per Ton al d. LARKET. the olotee of the market. H. cl. Carway and Duffryn Malting ... 21 0 Lambert's West Hart- Walls End. ley l7 3 Itussell's 17 6 Tanfield Moor Butes ..14 0 Framwellgate.. .. 20 0 Bates' sWest Hartley ..16 6 Hetton. 2l 0 Walker Primrose 12 6 Ships at mart )t, 12 ; sold, 12. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton. ..Oct. 19. via Marseilles ..Oct. 13. Brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Nov. 4. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena.. Oct. 29. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton. Oat. 19. via Marseilles ...Oct. 13. Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton .. Oct. 16. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton.. Oct. 27. via Marseilles.... Oct. 13. India (Bombay), via Southampton via Marseilles Oct. 21. Portugal.... Malta, _Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Oct. 19. via Marseilles Oct. 25. Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.... Oct. 16. by U.S. packet.... by Canadian packet. Oct. 17. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe .. ..Nov. 0. Bahamas, via New York Oct. 22. Mexico ....Oct. 29. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, 0 c t.29. California. and British Columbia.. . --,u " i EARTHQUAKES IN ENGLAND. The recorded. cases of British earthquakes amount to more than 160, of which more than 40 have happened in the very region so lately affected. The first recorded instance is in A .D. 974, by Simeon Dunelmensis ; and the same author tells us that, in the earthquake of 1089, which occurred in the third hour of the night, houses were seen to leap up wards and return to their positions. In that of Dec. 10, 1117, which happened in the middle of the night, Matthew of Westminster declares that the " moon appeared the colour of blood ;" but he outdoes this in his account of the earthquake of December 5, 1274, which, he says, was ac companied by thunder and lightning, a comet, and a fiery dragon. Polydore Virgil adds the phenomenoa of "a rain of blood " in the Pays de Galles. But we will only quote one more case, that of the fisherman of Oxford in the earth quake of 1683. The man was fishing on the Cherwell, when he perceived the boat to tremble under him, and " the little fish showed signs of alarm." Even in works high in po pular estimation the facts stated are not strictly reliable. For example, the evidence of Mrs. Graham (Lady Callcott) has been adduced to prove that in the earthquake of 1822 the whole coast of Chili was uplifted from 4 to 5 feet, the proof offered being the alleged fact that a ship of war in the Bay of Quinten, which before the earthquake was an iso lated wreck, after the shock was accessible to persons from the shore. Against this we have the recorded evidence of Mr. Hugh Cuming, the well-known conchologist, and Lieut. Bower. If we are constrained to admit the perma nent upheaval of land, we must seek a cause independent of earthquakes, which are but the subsidiary and transient phenomena of concussions or ruptures.—London .Revieta. Births. Blystr.—On the 13th inst., at Duloe Rectory, Cornwall, the wife of the Rev. Paul Bush, of a daughter. CnAmrioN.—On the 13th inst., at Moira Lodge, Denmark hill, the wife of Charles Champion, of Ironmonger-lane, Cheapside, solicitor, of a son. HARRIS. —On the 14th inst., at Upper Norwood, the wife of Frederick William Harris, of a son. WILSON.—On the 12th inst., at Edenwood, Cupar-Fife, the wife of Captain Thomas Wilson, R,N., of a son. Marriages. K NAPP— DOLLMA.N.—On the 13th inst., at Saint Mary Abbott's, Kensington, Kempster Malcolm Knapp, of H.M.S. B r it ann i a. to Agnes, youngest daughter of the Rev. Francis Dollman, of Clarendon-road, South Ken sington. LUY TON--CIIEESEMAN.—On the lOth inst., at Drayton, Berl o, J. I. Lupton, Esq., of Kennington, to Eliza, the daughter of W. Cheeeeman, Esq., IV Andsworth. Deaths. IloaAnD.—On the nth inst., at 23, Lanark•yillas, Maids hill, Mrs. Ann Irogard, aged 90. HUNT,—On the 12th inst., at Green-end, Aylesbury, Mrs. Hunt, aged 93. HODGES.—On the 12th inst., at 49, Leicester-square, W. R. Hodges, Esq , aged 83: MACLAINE.--On the 12th inst„ at Edinburgh, Donald Maclaine, Esq., of Lochbuy. NETIIERSOLE.—On the 12th inst., at Deal, W. Nethersoleo Esq., J.P., aged 79. PERRY.-_--9n the 12th inst., Alex. Perry, Esq., of Stan" more, Middlesex, aged 74. SOMERSET.—On the 13th inst., at Maida-hill, Christiana Emma, wife of Colonel Charles H, Somerset, Cal., late 72d Highlanders, aged 36.- London : Primed and Pub:failed by WILLIAM ANDREWS' of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE Sux Office No. 1 12 ; Strand, in the Precinc t of th e r3 avoy , in the Coun t Y oi de u esex ,....Th U redaY, October 15,..1163.