The Sun. — London, England, 1854-04-18 00:00:00

.AMtii-IC-A. LIVERPOOL, TUESDAY, 130 A.M.—By the steamer Africa we have adviceatrom New York to the sth inst. She has brought $200,000 in specie. On the 9th of April the passed the ship Florida, steer ing westward, in lat. 52, long. 41. On the 16th spoke the b r i g George Marsden, 56 days from Malta, short of provisions, and supplied them ; same day pa sse d th e b r i g Ocean and ship General Washington, steering westward, in long. 11 28 ; and at 5 25 p.m. passed the steamer Arabia, from Liverpool for Boston. The steamer Baltic arrived at New York on the 4th. The steamer City of Glasgow had not arrived at Philadelphia. She was in her 36th day out from Liverpool. In the House of Representatives at Washington Mr. Campbell, of Ohio, introduced a resolution requesting the President to open negotiations with England, with the view of ascertaining upon what terms the latter Government would consent to the annexation of Canada to the United States ! The resolution was rejected by a jnajority of 119 to 28. Fro m Havanna'', we have advices to.the 29th ult. ,Inch inconvenience was felt in many parts of the sland froM drought. "Upwards of 20 sugar planta ons, including some of the largest in the island, Itid been destroyed by fire, the dry cane having Ignited from sparks issuingfrom a railway'locomo tive,. The Spanish war steamer Pizarro had been lost c'n'a reef of rocks o' the east end of Ciiba. The tendeney,of the INTmlriuk stock-market was still-downward. The money-market was active at 7 per cent. for call loans, and 9 to 10 per cent, for first-class paper. Exchange on London, 108 to 1081 ; Paris, sf, 16 to sf. 13 e. Cotton in limited demand, without change in pr i ces . Wheat and flour in good demand, at slightly improved prices. _ Pork dull, and lower. Beef in good demand, at advancing prices. Scotch pig iron in good demand, at $4l to $42 50c., six months, 'Freights to London without change. THE PRESTON STRIKE (Prom the Preston Chronicle.) Whenever M r . M ac k ay issues another edition of hi s "History of Popular. Delusions " we cannot doubt but he will give a chapter on Strikes. The Preston strike, turn-out, lock-out, or whatever name its advocates and authors choose to call it, it is one of the grandest mix tures of fraud and folly which the present generation • has wit nesse d . The bubbles of the Mississippi 'scheme, the belief in witchcraft and ghosts, the performances of spirit rapping, are scarcely stronger instances of igno rant credulity than we have seen in • this town for the last few months, in young men and women spending their time in idleness, eating the ill-spared and extorted fruits of other people's industry, and swallowing every idle tale and barefaced falsehood which a lot of men, fattening on the spoils of this charlatanry, weekly retail to them. Here we have bad nearly twenty thousand people, not merely, passing their time in idleness, but risking their own future com fort and happiness, and the very means of their exist ence, and for what ? Having secured a large increase in their earnings, a few of them raised a squabble about something less than three farthings a head weekly in an extensive mill, and to fight for this shadow they under took a contest in which they were all but certain to miss not only what they were aiming at, but to lose what they had so recently acquired, and, in addition, they have now lost at least 300,0001. As to the merits of this very dispute, there is scarcely a delegate who has not privately admitted that the step taken was absolute folly ; and that the demand preferred was, under all the circumstances, unfair, unreasonable, and unjustifi able. Yet those who caused the dispute have been the weekly recipients of a share of the sums raised for the support of injured operatives. The leaders of the strike knew that the game is up ; they know that the agitation is, nearly at as end, that the time of their profiting by the unholy warfare in which they are engaged is limited. In private they ad mit that their cause is hopeless, but to their listening dupes on Ribbleton Moor, or in the Cock-pit, it serves their purpose to proclaim it on the eve of victory ;—they may tell them that "short time" at Stockport is merely a false alarm of the Chronicle, and reduced wages at Blackburn another MSC of the manufacturers, but such attempts to explain away disagreeable facts can only con vict them of further tampering with the truth. They know that in several at Stockport the -notice to reduce wages has expired, and that any further work will be at the reduced rates. According to the admission of these men themselves, what sort of trustees bocce they been of the large sums of money with which they have been entrusted Let the poor girls of Blackburn and Darvren—the mothers of Stockport and 'Ashton, from whom weekly pence have been wrung in aid of this movement, know that this very week the public have been told by two of the leaders of the movement, that upwards of a thousand persons have all along been receiving money weekly from the weavers committee, who had no right or claim to it whatever. It had long been known that a large number of favourites were in receipt of pensions from the delegates, out of the operatives' fund —women who never were within the walls of a factory in their 111 , 4, and who never intend to enter one for the purpose of working there ; but it was never suspected that the malappropriation of funds had been of so gross a character, or to so large an extent, as s now admitted by the misappropriaars themselves. One-eighth of the persons relieved by the weavers' com mittee are admitted to have received it wrongfully— half-a-crown out of every pound contributed to the Pres ton weavers' committee, by the factory bands of Lanca shire, has been paid to persons who had no right to it We are well aware that any remarks of ours, or in deed of any persons questioning the wisdom of the course pursued by the leaders of the strike, are at once set down as penned in the interest of the millowners. This is one of the falsehoods which these men knowingly utter to those who are so simple as to submit to their guidance. The .question at issue is not merely between the millowners- and the operatives ; it is rather be tween the operatives and the delegates, who,'like the Old Man of the Sea upon Sinbad, have fixed themselves BO firmly as to be an incubus upon their every movement. Could the working classes see their interests in their true light, all their efforts would be unceasingly directed to remove this incubus ; until this be done, farewell to the independence of working men, farewell to the pros perity of the working classes. As respects any identity, either of feeling or interest, between ourselves and the Preston millowners upon this question, the dele gates know that their inainnationa and assertions have been alike utterly groundless. We have ques tioned the wisdom of much that the masters have done ; we have censured steps they have taken ; we have never sought for or desired their confidence ; our efforts have bees directed to the furtherance of the real interests' of the working classes, which can only be advanced by their emancipation from the thraldom under which they now labour. It Is the independent position '-sve have taken, and the unfettered expression of our opinion that has rendered our advice so unpalatable, and this journal so obnoxious to these men—whicii has caused these bellowers for freedom and liberty to consider, as an essential portion of their mission, the prevention, by all the means in their power, and no matter at what cost or sacrifice, of working men reading the Chronicle. Such efforts, whatever else may be their effect, shall, we promise them, fail entirely in inducing us to express opinions we do n o t entertain or to withho ld censures we consider call e d f or. We sh ould ill discharge the duties of a journalist were we to pottier to a junta, powerful as at present it unfortunately. may be, that has been so long cursing this town with ibi obnoxious presence. While noticing the strike and its incidents we would not overook the offer of a. compromise made by one section of the turn -outs. Whatever may be the merits l a the proposal ma d e in the. - circular issued on behalf of operative spinners, which appears in another column, we cannot but cceaamend the is •'t in whic h it piri is made. Although in many respects th e var i ous com mittees of op erat i ves have been n identified , yet the spin ners were unconnected with the 'unreasonable demands which caused the lock -out, and they hav e shown great wisdom and j u d gment in now aba n doni ng an and urinating and arbitrary rate of ad vance . It regretted that m en who now see the futility oflethe to be mond which they h ave so long upheld, will not avail themselves of the p resent adverse state of affairs to clos e the struggle they ar e engaged in, , for tney must know that against the powerful combination which they are fighting they are powe r l ess , t h e more Particularly in the present state of trade. If work were resumed, and masters and men again free agents, wages must as cer tainly rise with the brightening prospects Of trade as light follows darkness, or spring succeeds to winter. ROTA& NAVAL BENEVOLENT SOCIETT.—The quarterly meeting a this institution was h e ld yesterda y at th e • Thatched Souse Tavern ; AdmirarLord Radetock in the chair. Mr. Skead , the secretary, read the report. The receipts of the institution from the beginning of the pre ',neat year had amounted to 1,2311. 10s. 10d., including a balance at the commencement of the quarter of 1551. . 188. 10d. Of this sum 5481. 18s. Bd. was derived from interest on stock, and 4901. 16s. 6d. from annual sub scription. The expenditure had fallen considerably short of this sum, leaving a balance of 5631. 3s. 7d. ; 4401. Lad been distributed in grants, and 1271. ls. 6d. invested in the Three-and-a-Quarter per Cents. The total amount of stock now belonging to the institution was 36,3341. • 92. 9d. This statement of accounts having been agreed to, Captain Marshall wished to know why the stock Was continually au gmen t e d, while no proportionate in __ ~i_. _ °;ie. w as made in the grants? The chairman said that by th eir subscriptions. they were bound to invest all legacies life lf the life subscriptions were distributed, what had the ,society Captain Marsh a ll to fall back upon ? association said that under the present system the only joined it offereda s great advantages to those who had 1 • scribed 40 o r 45 short time as to those who had sub- That was a matter which ought be inquired Years . The subject then dropped, it being understood that aoa.Lotion should be founded upon it on a future occasion, the court adjourned. NEW ACT TO Corp3n Tu x ATTENDANCE OF WITNESSES. ----On Saturday a bill in the :Ammons was printed, by 'which it is proposed to co ra teases residing out of the•jgriailection of attendance of wit eourts, if they are within the United the_superior singdom. It is alleged that at present inconvenience arise s . order of a cour t or j u d ge i s necessary Nothin A g s i p s e sa ci i a l ' in the ac t a b out t h e compensation or expenses to be given to the parties. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. GIIILDHALL.—CharIes Miller was charged with burglariously entering the premises of Messri. Emery, the drapers, at the corner of Holborn-hill and Farling don-street, and stealing therefrom a piece of Cobourg cloth of the wholesale value of 28s. Police-constable 292 said, that about two . o'clock yesterday morning, as he was going up Farringdon street, he saw the prisoner come out of No. 44, and pull the door to after him. Witness followed him, and he then ran up Skinner-street, where he was stopped by policeman 247. The house No. 44 was an empty house, and the prisoner, when he came out of it, had neither boots nor shoes on his feet. Witness took him to the police-station, and returned to watch the premises. , Inspector Teague said, when the prisoner was brought ' to the station he noticed his hands were black, as if he had been clambering over the roof of some house or other building ; and on receiving the charge he went with Sergeant Orem and the two officers, 292 and 247, to inspect the premises in Farringdon-street, when, three large bags (evidently intended to carry the property away iu) were found near the window on the first floor, leading to the l e ad s over M essrs. Emery ' s shop adjoin ing. Witness went on the leads, and found the padlock that secured , the skylight had been forced from its posi tion, the staple and screw having been drawn by means of a spike gimlet. He also found some congreves, some of which were part i ally consumed, strewn about the floor, and a knotted rope suspended from the skylight in the shop to answer the purpose of a ladder. A pair of boots was also found on the premises, which witness gave the prisoner, telling him he had brought him his boots, upon which the prisoner put them on his feet without making any remark. Sergeant Oram said on receiving information,iof the Iprisoner's apprehension on a charge. of burglary, he v'eri to the back of the empty house facing Plumtree court, and after climbing over the walls he got on the leads of the adjoining premises, belonging to Messrs. Emery. The window -of the back room on the first floor was 'open and in the room he found a spike gim let, which had been used in forcing the padlock, a jemmy, a dark lantern, a pair of boots, and a piece of Cobourg cloth. He also found a knotted rope sus pended in the shop from the skylight, by which access had been gained to that part of the premises, and a ladder was placed near the skylight to afford egress. A snopman to Messrs. Emery identified the Cobourg cloth as his employers' property, and stated that the premises were dosed on Saturday night at half-past 9 . or 10 o'clock. Several of the young men, as well as Mr. Emery, slept on the premises. The Cobourg cloth produced was left on the counter in the shop on Satur day night, The prisoner was remanded. 0 • • • -. 40 v:r SYBO-EGYPTIAN SOCIETY. The last ordinary meeting of the Syro-Egyptian So ciety was held on Tuesday evening, the 11th inst., at their rooms, Mortimer-street, Cavendish-square ; Mr. Thomas Wright, F.S.A., in the chair. After the reading and authentication of the minutes of the preceding meeting, the Rev. Dr. Hewlett and Mr. Keen were declared elected metabers of the society. The following communications were made to the meet. ing 1. The exhibition of a coin, with some very small yet beautifully executed objects in terracotta, from the city of Tadmor, in the neighbourhood of the city of Palmyra. These were almost square in form, having upon each two recumbent figures, and were evidently the production of a considerably advanced state of art, on account of their smallness, as well as of the beauty of execution of the figures upon them. A magnified drawing of these was exhibited, which showed that in their general character they were Palinyrene. The fieures represented were those of a male and female gracefully reclining upon a Roman, couch, their head-dress, however, not being Roman, but partaking rather of an Oriental style. 2. A paper was read, "On the Intellectual Character and Habits of the Arabians, as, for the most part, dis played in the MikAmiit of Al Hariri, of Basra," 'by Dr. W. Camps,. treasurer of the society. Dr. Camps, com menced his paper by stating that, on the occasion of the establishment of the Chronological Institute of London, he read the first of, a series of papers on the Chronology of Medical Literature, from the earliest periods of the history of medicine, and, in consequence of historical and literary researches for that purpose, he was led to observe, in some degree, to what extent the literature as wellsas the science and art of medicine were indebted to the Arabian school —an obligation not unfrequently ad mitted and acknowledged in classical medical literature of more modern times. 'At about this time, too, by a most fortunate accidental coincidence, there fell into his hands Mr. (now, he believed, Professor) Preston's trans lation from the original Arabic, with annotations, of the MaltdmAt of Al Hariri, of Basra, and he was thus in duced to look the more closely into this work, in order to glean what information it might afford as to the in tellectual habits and tastes of this people at a given period in their history ; and in this he had by no means been disappointed, for 'it contains a great deal of ethnological information, as bearing upon the moral, social, and intellectual faculties and habits of one of the most ancient, and, in many respects, a very remarkable race of the great human family. Consider ing this people as one variety of a more comprehensive ethnological class or group commonly designated by the term Caucasian, they at once present themselves to our notice attended by much that is highly interesting in connection with the early history of mankind. Cognate with the Hebrews, by descentfrom thesTewish Patriarch Abraham, and so from his son Ishmael, the child of an Egyptian woman servant, they are not even on that account, devoid of interest as to their origin and .early history. In the opinion of many—in which the author of the present paper concurs—the writer of one of the oldest poetical works extant was rather Arabian than Jewish—a volume which, regarded merely as a literary composition, presents us with, most unquestionably, one of the very finest and most beautiful specimens of con; templative poetry that the world has ever seen, or pro bably ever will— namely, that ancient work known to us by the familiar term, the "Book of Job." Amongst the different people composing, the Syro-Arabian race, few, if any, are better known to us than the Jews and their congeners, the Arabians ; and tenaciously as the former (the Jews) have preserved unto this day their national characteristics, the latter (the Arabians) have not less markedly and tenaciously preserved their national peculiarities. Physically, they are des cribed by writers and travellers amongst them to be to day what they are said ever to have been ; and whether observed in their own proper country, Arabia, and in adjacent geographical limits, or in Africa, this people are the faithful representatives of the Semitic races. The Arabians, properly so called, and modifications always excepted, are, with but few exceptions, rather thin than robust ; the superior class amongst them, as the sheikhs and their families, have a most marked resemblance of figure, the skin indeed varying in colour ; the face is usually long and thin; the forehead rising in beautiful but not large expansion towards the summit of the head ; the nose is for the most part regular and aquiline in shape, the mouth and chin striking and expressive, thus imparting a roundish rather than an angular appearance to the face ; the eyes are commonly dark, almost black and sparkling, and deeply seated under the eye-brows. Their limbs are supple, and not very muscular, and rather small than otherwise, whilst the hands frequently, even of the males, have a delicacy of size and form which is almost feminine. In their social relations, too, they have preserved the same manners and customs, towards each other, and towards strangers, as they are said to have exercised in the remotest period of their history. About 600 years after the birth ofJesus Christ, a new re ligion, followed subsequently by anew era in literature and the arts, had its origin in Arabia. The inhabitants of this country under their leader, both a prophet and a warrior, Mahomet, and his immediate successors, issued forth, sword in hand, from the deserts of Arabia, and rapidly subjugated to the Koran, by their sword, several great and powerful provinces . in Asia and in Africa, as well as a great part, if not the whole, of one European province, that of Spain. The study of their venerated book, the Koran. consisting for the most part of the wild raphsodies of Mahomet and the profession of arms, were the only pursuits then in repute, or even tolerated amongst his earliest followers, Under the first succes • sors of Mahomet, that noble and stupendous monument of ancient literature, the library - collected at Alexandria, in Egypt, the most magnificent assemblage of books that the civilised world could at that time boast of, was con sumed by conflagration to ashes. In this devastation, according to some authorities, four, according to others eleven, hundred thousand volumes were destroyed, six hundred volumes only, as it is said, being rescued from the flaming havoc. When, however, the religious fana ticism of the followers of Mahom e t h a d somewhat abated, after they had become enriched by commerce, and their military ardour was satiated with conquest, their ignorant ferocity gradually subsided, and subsequently literature and the arts were cultivated amongst them, and with great industry. The medical profession in particular was rewarded and encouraged with rank and liberal endow ments, in many instances superior to every other nation where the healing art had hitherto been exercised ; and they, i.e., the Mahometans, early endowed several me dical schools in Persia, in Africa, and in Spain. It be came a custom with the Mahometans, wherever they built a temple for religious worship, to append to it a school, and an hospital for the cure and relief of the sick. Historians. -assert that one of the Caliphs, in the year 820, sent to the Greek Emperor at Constantinople, to request copies of his best books, which he ordered to be translated into Arabic by some of the Jews or Greek Christians. The works of Galen had been first trans lated into the Syriac language, but the translation is said to have been very wretchedly executed, and adul terated, so to speak, with the vain fables and astrologi cal notions of the Arabians. Aristotle, too, is said to have been studied with an incredible ardour by the fol lowers of Mahomet. Magic, 'what is termed judicial astrology, and the interpretation of dreams were also in high repute, and by these the Mahometans regu lated their most important undertakings. The Arabians, there is little doubt, combined with their own celestial observations those made by the Assyrians, the Babylo nians, the Egyptians, and the Greeks, in astronomical science, such as it was. Algebra, too, a species of science connected with mental or psychological operations, is, as its na me i mp li es , of Arabian origin, and is a description of universal arithmetic, by means of which intricate mathematical problems are resolved, and arithmetical operations greatly facilitated. Rhayes, A.D. 900, and Avicenna a little later, were me• dical authors and physicians ; the former being by birth a native of Persia, practising at Bagdad, and presiding over an hospital in that city of the Caliphs. Besides these, the author mentioned, as belonging to the same category, Haly Abbas, Aveuzour, Avenhoes Albueasis, and Abi Ashin, with others, he ha s furnished us with a catalogue of three hundred medical writers amongst the Mahometans. The Arabians were at no period of their history a people altogether sunk in savage barbarism. The position and the climate of their country might be expected to conduce to some considerable advance in their social institutions. A - climate exciting, further, a naturally lively imagination, m i g ht b e supposed tobe favourable to a kind of poetry peculiar to their country, and as has been remarked, if copiousness and abundance of imagery, wild and extravagant productions of an over-excited imagination, intense activity of sensa tions, combined with a rare talent for concealing the fixed principles or maxims of truth and of morality b sneath the most agreeable veil, as in beautiful figures ano metaphors, constitute at once the essence and the charm of poetry, then we say, to no place could we look with more tolerable certainty of finding this art— that of poetry—more generally and more successfully cultivated than in Arabia. The dispersion of the mimes of the school of Edessa, and the expulsion of the Pla tonic sect of Athens, by order of Justinian, contrib u t e d greatly to extend the study of the sciences and of lite rature amongst the Arabians ; and after the conquest of Egypt, by the Caliph Omar, they (the Arabians) soon learnt to perceive the advantages that accrue to a people from an application to, and an application of the sciences, arts, and literature. The academy of Bagdad, founded most probably by the Caliph Almansor, ulti mately acquired a high reputation as a place of learn ins" ; so much so as to be held in higher estimation than s iu i s n ti f t o u nn tio s n F s a im br il i a c r iu n w s ith th in at, th f e ro Ma m haoll inaletmosust a d n o y ma o i t h h . er t one f essar s and of pupils into the city of Bagdad, that a coun tries of the world, so great was the influx of pro of 1. h Haroun-al-Raschid, extended to a greater deg ree than computed there were assembled in that city science, as well as the pro not fewer than six thousand savans. The succes sor t t h im e eCiatliviphas Almansor, the more distinguished Ca ph his predecessor his love for t . ection the former Christians from ti'ons. He drew around him intellige n t had bestowed upon learned institu - S vria and the neighbouring countries , some of whom en iplcrved themselves in their literary labours, tlw Caliph richly rewarded for translating the Greek authors ; and authorised them to instruct his subje c ts in the various departments of science and art, and especially in that of medicine. He is described T by . Abulfeda,Abul faraga, an d subsequently by Benjamin of ude la, as always surrounding hit:laid by some one or mo re men, as not disdaining even to take part i n their literary learned men, l and scientific discussions, and as adding or combining his advice and opinions on many points with those of the most learned of those that surrounded him. The most distinguished of the Caliphs, for his promotion of literature, science, and the arts, was, however, Alma mom, assuemessor of Haroun-al-Raschid, who has almost LAMBETH.--Mrs, Catherine Saville, a respectably , dressed, middle c aged female, was charged with . de stroying George Edward Saville, her infant son, by drowning. Ellen Doyle, a servant to the prisoner and her husband, said, on Saturday morning last a little before 9 o'clock, I saw my mistress (the prisoner) carry the baby up stairs in her shawl, and soon after she came down stairs and went out. Immediately after I thought I heard the baby cry, and went up stairs, but on try ing my mistress's bed-room, I found it was locked and the key gone. I ran down stairs again, and found a 'key which opened the bed-room. On unlocking the door and going into the room, I saw the poor child lying on the floor with its face in a basin of dirty water. I screamed out as loud as I could, and some persons came to my assistance, but the baby was quite dead. Eliza Pursell, residing at No. 7, Leonard's-square, Finsbury, deposed that on Saturday morning she was at the house of Mr. Saville, and on hearing the last witness scream, she ran up stairs, and found the child, who had been just removed from the position in which it had been found, with its head in a basin of cold water, quite dead. Sergeant Jehn Holdeway, 4 P, said that from infor mation he received he went to the house of Mr. Saville on Saturday forenoon, and took the prisoner into cus tody. He told her that he took her for killing her child, and she made no reply, nor did she betray the slightest regret or emotion when he told her so. Mr. Clifford, the relieving officer of Camberwell parish, informed the magistrate that from inquiries he had made on the subject, it appeared that the prisoner, after taking the child up stairs, and no doubt placing it in the position in which it was found, set out from her home, and proceeded to the place of business of her husband near Finsbury-square, and on seeing him at once stated to him the particulars of what she had done. The husband hoped, though his wife had for some days exhibited symptoms of aberration of mind, that she was not guilty of the act, but at once hurried home, when he unfortunately found that her story was true. Mr. Elliott said that he should have to remand the prisoner. After giving the usual caution, the magistrate asked the prisolier if she wished to say anything in reply to the charge against her ? The prisoner, with a smile on her countenance, re plied—l wish to speak nothing but the truth. I knew that the child had been very much neglected, and thought it had better die and go to Heaven at once. I was very comfortable, and had everything I wanted. She was then removed from the' bar, and the :unit, trate gave directions that she should be at once taken to Mirsemonger-lane, gaol, to prevent the excitement that it was thought would have been occasioned by her being placed with the other prisoners is the cells of the court, and Serjeant Holdeway was desired to mention the nature of the charge against the prisoner and her un fortunate Malady to the prison authorities, so that she might be carefully looked after and have the attandance of Mr. Harris, the medical gentleman in charge of the prisoners there. TFIAMES.—Ann, M'Carthy, au elderly Irishwoman, of No. 5, Glasshouse-yard, Rosemary-lane, was charged with stealing 3/. 13s. 6d., a hat, handkerchief, and other property, from the person of Lewis Morris, joiner, of 72, Great College-street, Camden-town. The prosecutor, whose manner created great merri ment in a crowded court, said he was passing over Tower-hill late on Saturday night, when he fell down and took a nap on the stones. (Laughter.) Mr. Yardley—lt was very cold, was it not ?, Witness—Well, I did p ot feel it so, because I had something warm within me. (Laughter.) Well, sir, I had a bit of a dream, and while I was dreaming I thought that some one was pulling at the guar d c h a i n o f m y watoh. I woke up in a fright, and lo and behold there were two women had hold of me, and stripping me. My kat and handkerchief was gone, my coat was half off, all the money I had, 3/. 13s. 6d. was taken out of my waistcoat pocket, and my watch guard was cut. Mr. Yardley—You did not lose your watch, I hope, Mr. Morris ? Witness—No, sir ; but there were no thanks to the ladies. My waistcoat was rent to pieces, and my fob was cut. I grasped and held them both, and sung out, " Murder !—police !" as loud as I could ; and when a police constable came up, I said, " Take these women in charge for robbing me." He said, • No, I will not." I said, " You shall, for they have robbed me." " Will you swear it ?" says he, " To be sure I will," said I ; "is not my waistcoat rent open ?" but he would not take them in charge.—l told him I should turn them over tb another officer, and he took one woma n a nd let th e o th er go. It was the most complicated affair I ever knew. Mr. Yardley—So it appears; did you find your money ? Witness—No. I want to knoiv what became of my hat, sir ? Mr. Yardley—That is a question I can't answer. Most likely the person who took the money took your hat. You lost 11. 13s. 6d. Witness (staring)--11. 13s. 6d. ! Whyitwas 3/. 13s. 6d. They did not leave me enough for a pot of beer. (Loud laughter.) , Mr. Yardley —Only 1/. 13s. 6d. is entered on the poboe-sheet. Witness—lt is a mistake in the entry. At the sta tion-house I saw strange things, and the inspector made use of very obscene language, quite derogatory to human nature. Mr. Yardley—Well, what did he say ? Witness—He said, "So help me God, you know a great deal too much, old fellow. " Mr. Yardley— I very much doubt the correctness of the inspector's observation, but 'do not see any obscenity in it. Now g? on. Witness—There ends my catechism. (More laughter.) Police-constable Bailey, No. 107 H, said that Ire heard the prosecutor calling out "Police," and on going . up to the spot he found him without his hat struggling with the prisoner, whom he charged with robbery. There was no other woman near him. .w .> ' • T., 7 • merely as forming a suitable occasion and groundwork for the exhibition of recondite learning and rhetorical skill. At the same time it must be allowed that Al Ha rini has adopted a peculiarly appropriate method of exem plifying the branches of literature most cultivated and esteemed by his Arabian contemporaries. The work is no idle rhapsody, intended, like the Thousand and One Nights, to amuse the loiterers of the cafe or the seraglio, but the elaborate'result of the literary system of a period in which not only the sciences but the useful arts of life were sacrificed by the ingenious and studious of a great nation to a profound grammatical and rhetorical research into the structure and resources of their own most copious language." This literary system, Mr. Preston remarks, originated in the extreme importance attached by Mo hammedans to the study of the Koran, which is uni versally regarded by them as of divine origin, and ver bally inspired. The style of the Koran is so elliptical, and the dialect in which it is written, though allowed to be the purest and the best, so totally different from the language of ordinary life, that it was found necessary, in order to effect even an approximate solution of its difficulties, to institute a. close comparative study of the contemporary and preceding productions of Arabic poets, and to establish systems of grammar, rhetoric, and logic, which might be brought to bear upon the revered text. These sciences, therefore, being the offspring of religious enthusiasm, acquired so much value in the estimation of Mohammedans under the Caliphate, as to cause almost ewery other literary pursuit to be considered superfluous, if not culpable ; and thus the study of them became general, and the attainment of them the chief standard of excellence. They formed the topics of discussion in all literary and religious as semblies ; and those who outshone their competitors in masterly familiarity with them, combined with copious command of language, became the object of public ad miration, and of the munificence of the rich and power ful. Hence it resulted that the eloquent were prone to depend exclusively on their rhetorical powers for main tenance or aggrandisement. They became, as it were, the knight-errants of literature, wandering from city to city to contest the palm of genius and erudition with any rivals whom they might chance to meet with, and thus attracting the notice and favour of the great. The M.ikaantit combine the primary excellence of being a grand collection of specimens of the literature most ad mired during a long and important period of Mahome tanism, and the secondary- one of containing a correct and interesting delineation of the character of some of its most eminent professors. Of the esteem in which the MiikAintit of Al Hariri have always been held by learned Moslemin, no better proof can be alleged than the numerous commentaries (seciond only in number to those upon' the Koran) written up on it by natives of the re motest east and west, both Arabian and Persian. Those in Arabia which are most approved are two—the one by a native of Xeres, in Andalusia, the other by a native of Khouaresen, the north-eastern province of Persia. Much as every line of the MakAmat has been discussed, the consent of the Arabs themselves has decided that scarcely one word or phrase admits of improvement or alteration. An eminent writer has asserted that they ought never to be transcribed but in letters of gold on a tissue 'if silk. In one of the MAkAmAts, that of Barknid, one of the charac ters in it is described as invoking the Divine aid, with an expression of resignation, " I am in G-od's hands, and shall return to Him "—an expression of resignation to the Divine will used by the Arabs on the death of any relative, or on meeting with any serious failure or dis appointment—an expression of resignation closely cor responding with the submissive exclamation of Job oft his sustaining heavy and irreparable losses. Mr. Pres ton remarks, in one of his notes, that the Arabs as a nation, partake of that singular resignation for which their countryman Job was remarkable. He says that the Bedouin Arabs hold no intercourse with foreigners, and t. Their vast vocabulary therefore,they contract u oe , t aoo and t o d h of i e f t trade,sdg i r p a e r e number and wide disper sion eti even of fotc its their oe h o ir e rr a c purposestoar i r t r bi poems which form their literature, and which were trans mitted by memory from generation to generation. From ancient times they prided themselves highly on poetry and rhetoric. Pocock, Crichton, as well as. Mr. Pres ton, remark that the only studies on which they pride themselves are the philology of their own language, and the investigation of the laws -of its construc tion, together with the composition of poetry and pro -e. The narrow limits of their sphere of literature and observation seem to have concentrated the attention of those amorg them who were,endowed with genius in a most intense study of the resources of their own lan guage, insomuch that they were led even to overrate its importance, and to account excellence in its grammar and rhetor.c the first of all mental attainments. This Morris—How can you stand there and tell such a lien? I had hold of both. feeling waE fostered and confirmed by the appearance of the Koran, written in the highest and purest style, and by its metaphorical and very elliptical phraseology re quiring chse study and illustration from other sources on the part of those who fully understand it. From that time many eminent grammarians among the Arabs of the lale towns were wont to sojourn among the Bedouins, in order to acquire purity of style, and to establish from their usages the best rules and autho rities in grammar. Thus, the learned under the Caliphate, revering the Bedouins as the parents of their race, and the repositories of their copious and admired language. n a t ura lly imbibed their peculiar tastes and habits of th oug h t, till they acquired that almost extra vagant (stimation for verbal variety and rhetorical copiousress which led them to regard the MAkArnAt of Al Hariri as an incomparable monument of intellec tual culture. Numerous quotations from several of the MtikAnAt as rendered by Mr. Preston, were read to the meting by Dr. Camps in the course of his paper, as illustrative of the peculiar mental and social habits and practices of the Arabians. An animated discussion followed, in which Mr. Ains worth. Mr. Sharpe, Dr. Turnbull, Mr. Wright, Dr. Holt rates, and the author of the paper took part, after whicl, the meeting adjourned until the month of May. Bailey_l only saw one. Mr. Yardley—And you only found ls. 6d. upon the prisoner. Discharge her. 7DISPRANCHisiNo SOME HUNDREDS OP VOT ERS.—O n . .Saturday the " five bill s " of the Attorney-Genera l ._ to disfran c hi se certain voters in Canterbury, Cambridge, Kingston-upon-Hull, Maldon, and Barnstaple were printed. The names of the voters set forth in the bills, and it is declared that of they were proved to have , been guilty re it ibribery before the late comm i ss i ons . There they declared that they shall " for ever be disabled to vote in any election of any member or members" for the particular boroughs named by the bill. THE GREEK INSURRECTION._ It is currently reported in respectable circles in Manchester that the Greek mer cantile houses there, and in London and Liverpool, have subscribed largely to promote the insurrection in Tur key. The Manchester fund alone is said to have reached 10,0001. OFFER OP A POLISH LEGION TO THE BRITISH Go- VIRNM&NT.—A: proposal has been made on the part of the Poles to form a Polish Legion ; which being supplied with munitions of war shall fight side by side with the English and French troops against the common enemy. An address to that effect was sent to the Right Hon. the Earl of Aberdeen, First Lord of the Treasury, for hi s approval ; the following "is the nobl e earl ' s reply : Downing-street Aril 13. " Sir,—l am desired by my Lord Aberdeen t o acknow ledge the receipt of the letter you addressed to him on the 3 r dinst., in which, adverting to the declaration of war by England Ru ssia, you expr es s a hop e , on behalf e h a lf a o n f d Fran ce yours.r Majesty n e e lf ag a a i nt your 's Government w ill allow countrymen residing a t 1 Portsmouth, th a t h which being supplied with Polish 8 , Legion, side e h ge all te fi s g t h t t heeete b ymaide enemy; with I e English m yourse eSecretary l t e a t r t y e r ef h has State en for referred W er and dr theth e munitionsay n o 4 d I, t 'or e f n a e r h m a w artroops s considerationt oaequ ai nto: f t t h h a e t se Co rr lo a n n i t e§.—l have the honour to be, sir, your obedient )antnortalised. his name by his devotedness to learning. He carried his zeal for learning so far as to give just • )ffence to the true Mussulman believers, who contended' ilat he had most justly exposed himself to Divine wrath '‘or haYiDg so far favoured philosophy l and 1)37 this means " CLurros G. DAwuNs, " Major Btawiarski, 43 , Grigg-street, Southsoa, Fortimouth." DEPARTURES FOR AUSTRALIA.—The departures from the p)rt of London for the. Australian colonies during the cast week show an increase. They have comprised altogether 11 vessels—five to Sydney, with an aggregate burden of 4,139 tons ; four to Port Philip, with an aggreg,ate burden of 1,920 tons ; one to Launceston, of 356 tons, and one to Hobart Town, of 199 tons. Their total capacity was 6,669 tons. The ratesof freight exhibit firmness, with a tendency in some particular cases to improve. COST OF THE WAlL—Various calculations are afloat as to our present war expenditure ; that which would sesm to be n o t ver y w id e of the mark fixes it at be tween 30,0001. an d 40 , 0001. p e r diem. The drain o f specie, in payment of our forces, will soon become pal p4ble, which will be materially increased if the Turkish Government is unable to find the large body of troops which will occupy the Ottoman territory in supplies.— Sunday Timex. THE SZYN, LONDON, TUTSDAY EVENING, AP tIL Is. 1118 C to have diminished in proportion the sacred authority of the Koran. At Tunis, Fez, and Morocco, and especially in Spain, literature, science, and art flourished in a greater or in less degree, as in the establishments of learning at Cordova, Seville, and Toledo. At this time, that is, about the eighth century, the various Mahometan provinces of the East were amongst the chief asylums of literature and the sciences. History informs us of more than one Emir of Irak devoted to learning, and one of thesa, Saif-Ed-Dhala, established at Koufa and at Bag sara schools of learning of consiOerable celebrity. An other was established at Kurdistan, and Ferusabad, and which enjoyed a public library, containing as many-as 7,000 volumes. Later, there was established, in the city of Damascus, a most renowned school, particularly of medicine, at which the Caliph Malek-adel was accus tomed to be present, attending upon the classes, with his book under his arm. In the very depth of the East, at Bokhara, there was a school and a library under the rule of the Saracens. Philosophy was too evidently op posed to Islamism to be tolerated, even at first, by the immediate successors of Mahomet, and, for a long time after him, the studies that occupied the Pagan philoso phers (as they were termed) Were regarded amongst the most impious of crimes of which the genuine true Mtn sulman could be guilty. When, at length, Islamise* and the empire of Mahomet were sufficiently and firmly esta blished by fire and by sword, the Arabians obtained per mission to study philosophy after their fashion, The Arabian dialecticians are said to have formed their mode after the model of the modern philosophers of the Alex andrian school. Astrology and alchemy agreed most completely with the national tastes and habits of the nation, although Islamism forbad the practice of magic and the arts of divination. Mr. Preston, in his transla tion of some of the Miskimat of Al Hariri, says, in the introduction to his book, that the meaning of the word MtikzimAt, as used by Hairi, is thus explained by one of his commentators It primarily signifies a place where one stands I , ll:might ; and h ence , the place where one is at any time. Next, it is used metonymically to denote the persons assembled in any place,' and, finally, by another transition, the discourses delivered or con versations held in any such assembly.' This metapho rical use of the word M4k4mdt has, however, been re stricted to discourses and con v ersa ti ons lik e those nar rated by Hariri , and his predecessor, Al Hamadani, which are composed in a highly-finished and ornamental style, and solely for the purpose of exhibiting specimens of various kinds of eloquence, and exemplifying rules of grammar, rhetoric, and poetry. Basra is situated on the river Tigris, and is comparatively a modern place ; a note in Professor Preston's book informs us that it was founded by command of the Caliph Omar, in order to interrupt the communication of the Persians, with whom he was then at war, with India, down the united streams of the Tigris and Euphrates. The river Ailah, which falls into the Tigris close to it, waters its gardens, and makes them so fruitful that it is reckoned one of the four earthly paradises by the Arabs, the other three being the vales of - Shiraz, Damascus, and Sarmacand. It was remarkable during the Caliphate for its popula tion, and for the great number of its mosques. There was a celebrated market-place there, called Mechad, where poems and other compositions used to be recited aloud, a practice which gave rise to so much literary emulation, that the city became one of the most famous for learning in the East. Basra had a famous school of grammar, which rivalled that of Koufa; and therefore Arabian grammarians are divided into the two schools of the Koufiyans and the Basriyans. The MdkamAt of Al Hariri have been spoken of as the most classical series of compositions in Arabic literature; and, as such, a masterpiece of elegance and refinement. In the preface to his translation of MAktimett, Mr. Preston says, "Nor are these appellations unmerited. In elabo rate execution and ornateness of style the Mhkil,m6t are perhaps unrivalled ; they have always been regarded in the East as models of accuracy ; and the design with which they were written was purely literary, namely, to display the vast resources of the Arabic language, to embody in a series of rhythmical and metrical anecdotes all the refinements of grammar, rhetoric, poetry, history, and tradition that the author's extensive learning could supply. To this design the subject-matter of the work is entirely subordinate, the character and incidents being selected, not for their intrinsic interest or value, but INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS. cording to the quality of the coals, and the amount of draught. The models and drawings exhibited were stated to be conformable to those proportions. With reference to the supposed necessity for skilful firemen, the paper stated that the only duty that should be required from the firemen was the keeping the bars fully and uniformly covered ; for, if the back end or the sides of a furnace were left uncovered, the air would pass through them instead of passing through th• air distri• butors, as that passage offered the hottest and shortest route to the chimney. In fact, it was stated that unless the bars were well and equally covered, it was impossible to regulate or to control the admission of the air. As to the use of self acting valves, to regulate the admission of the air, it was stated, that after numerou. plans had been tried, during the list ten years all had been discarded in practice, being found to be worse than useless. The generation of the gas, and the admit sion of the air through the uncovered portion of tie bars, created such irregularity as to defeat all efforts at at uniformity, and it was impossible, by any self-acting valves, to obviate the effects of such irregularity. It was observed, that the Pyrometer, a model of which was exhibited in action, proved the inapplicability of such valves, and furnished the only reliable test, as to the quantity of heat produced, and properly applied in the generation of steam. It was also observed, that the colour of the products of the furnace, at the chimney-ti,p, was but a -ource of error,—the sight-holes and pyrume ter supplying all that was necessary, and by which the . firemen could alone, safely and practically, regulate the admission of air. It was announced, that the discussion "On the Pre vention of Smoke in Furnaces," and "On the Manage ment of Engine and other Furnaces, with a view to obviate the Waste of Fuel and the Nuisance of Seioke" would be continued at the meeting of Tuesday, April,ll. After the reading of the minutes of last meeting, it was observed that, the statements in the paper on Ruthven's propeller had been misunderstood ; as it had been assumed, that the paper stated the useful effect realised, as 64 per cent. of the whole power of the engine at.the pistons ; whereas it was really stated to be 50 per cent., and that the useful effect was 64 per cent. of the power delivered to the wheel-shaft; which would materially affect the deductions then made. That one most important element in the calculation was lost sight of, namely, the duplicate pressure of re action due to the efflux of water through the side of a vessel at rest ; the whole unbalanced hydraulic pressure being twice the hydrostatic pressure due to the height of the nolumn of water. It was contended, that this du plicate pressure must exist to some extent, so long as the effluent velocity of the water exceeded the re ceding velocity of the vessel ; and that it diminished in some ratio with the receding speed of the vessel, and vanished only, when the vessel had acquired the effluent velocity of the water,—when the simple pressure due to the head of water remained. Therefore, that some allowance muss be made for this duplicate pressure, and that assuming it to decrease uniformly with the difference of speeds, the power would be thus estimated when the speed of the vessel was 62 per cent. of that of the effluent water, leaving 38 per cent. of excess :- 1 x 100=100 per cent., when the speed of the vessel was equal to that of the effluent water; 1 . 38 x 62=85 . 56 per cent., when the speed of the vessel was 62 per cents of that of the effluent water ; Leaving 14.44 per cent. of loss, be excess of speed, as originally deduced in the paper. The subject was investigated in three different ways, each giving the same result. It was stated, that in 1848 Mr. Purkis, being engaged in the construction of a fan-blower, thought the same principle might be adapted to the propulsion of a boat, and tried it in a model, about 4 feet long and 8 inches wide, with a small steam engine and two fans, each 2 inches in diameter ; with this he attained a speed of 3 to 4 miles per hour. He then built another boat 25 feet long, and 4 feet wide, fitted with an engine, with two cylinders 4 inches diameter and 41 inches stroke, driving two fans 12 inches diameter of the same form as the fans of Appold's pump; the water issuing from two orifices, each of 25 scpiare inches. With this apparatus, the boat could only hold her way against a tide of about 3 miles an hour. On the substitution of two fans of 7 in. diameter and the reduction of the propelling orifices to 7.75 square each, the boat attained an estimated speed of nearly 8 miles an hour. It was admitted that these experiments were imperfect, but they tended to corroborate the statements of the performances of Ruth ven's propeller. The arrangement of Purkis' boat differed from Ruth ven's, chiefly in there being three holes on each side of the vessel , one to propel her ahead, one astern, and one midship to supply the pump—each being supplied with a valve to close the orifices not in action, and to act in stead of the curved nozzles of the " Enterprise," which were supposed to be objectional in absorbing power. The first paper read was "On the Prevention of Smoke in Engine and other Furnaces," by Mr. James Simpson, Jun. The annoyance of smoke incidental to the increase of habitations and to the extension of manufactures, in all cities and large towns, had been noticed reprehensively even as early as the time of Charles the Second, in whose reign it was proposed to legislate on the subject, and in 1697 Dr. Pepin devised a scheme for forcing air down a pipe immediately above the incandescent fuel, to induce more perfect combustion. The attention of parliamentary committees was de voted to the subject in the sessions of 1819 and 20, and again in 1843, when a very complete history of the sub ject was given in the report, with a clear recapitulation of the scientific evidence, recommending a freer admis sion of air to the furnaces as the "great if not the only principle, for preventing smoke." In 1845, two other committees reported "that opaque smoke issuing from steam-engine chimnies might be so abated, as no longer to be a public nuisance, and in 1853, the "Smoke Nuisance Abatement Act" was passed, and was ordered to come into force in August, 1854. This act rendered it compulsory on owners of engines arid furnaces to pro vide means for preventing the eini-sion of opaque smake, and it applied, also, to steam vessels navigating the Thames above London-bridge. An enumeration Was then given, of the local acts into which clauses had been introduced for abating the nuisance of smoke; whence it appeared that there had been an anxious desire to find means of attaining so de sirable an end, and the double furnace firel alternately, now so extensively used at Manchester, was alluded to. The chemistry of combustion was then examined, in order to show, that to imperfect combustion alone must be attributed the annoyance, as well as the serious pecu niary loss, now experienced, in the emission of opaque smoke from furnaces generally. It was shown, that a good furnace should prevent the formation of smoke, by burning all the carbon of the gas evolved ; or in other words, by combining at a certain temperature, each-atom of carbon in the gas, with two atoms of oxygen before it left the furnace ; which combination was the best for giving out heat, and for evaporating fluids with the least expenditure of fuel, The various methods of introducing atmospheric air to the_lurnaces, and of diffuSing it among the gases, were then examined, showing that the admission should be through numerous apertures, so arranged as to permit accurate regulation, as a greater quantity was required after the period of adding fresh fuel, than when the fire was burning brightly and freely. The various mechanical means and apparatus proposed for this object were reviewed, and it appeared that in many of them the combustion was to a certain extent im perfect, and the machines were liable to derangement ; that the alleged saving of fuel depended chiefly on the manner of stoking, and that it might be attained by a judicious modification of the grate of any well set boiler, and by a greater amount of attention on the part of the fireman, without any mechanical appliances. The regulation of the air supply by machinery bad been found to fail, in many instances, on account of the variation in the qualities of the fuel, and it was con tended that it was more advisable to entrust it to the discretion of the fireman, than to rely upon se lf- ac ti ng apparatus, which might, however, be advantageously used for indicating the state of the furnace. The employment of anthracite and Welsh steam coal was advoted, not only on account of the absence of opaque smoke, during their combustion, but also on the ground of the economy arising from their great evapora tive power. The second paper was "On the Management of Fur naces, and the Prevention of Smoke," by Mr. C. Wye Williams, Assoc. Inst. C.E. The object of this communication was to endeavour to remove the mystery which had hitherto obscured, what was asserted to be one of the simplest, and best under stood processes of nature, namely, the combustion of the gaseous products of coal. A short analysis of the chemical details connected with the subject was given, to show that the existence of flame did not imply the combustion of gas. That 'it was but the preliminary state of high temperature of the numerous atoms of the carbon of the gas, which was caused by the intense heat, produced by the combustion of the other constituent—the hydrogen. In effecting the combustion of the gas generated from the coal in a furnace, the first process was merely mecha nical,-and consisted in bringing the atoms of the gas and those of the air into the most intimate state of mixture; such mixture being the "sine qua non" of subsequent chemical union. The mode or means by which this chemical admixture could be effected, in the most rapid, and intimate manner, involved all that art or human in genuity could do, towards producing perfect combustion. As to the mode of eff e cting thi s mix t ure , or o f bring ing together the atoms of air and gas, reference was made to the Argand gas burner, as supplying a good illustration ; the only difference being, that in the Argand burner, the gas was projected among the air in numerous small jets, or films ; whereas, in the furnace, the process was reversed, the air being brought to the gas in a simi lar manner, by means of numerous orifices. In both cases the effect was identical, and might be compared to the rose of a watering pot, or of an artifi cial " jet d'eau ;"—namely, the producing, on the in stant, the largest area of surface for mutual and atomic contact. Models and-drawings were exhibited, show ing, the facility and simplicity. with which both in land and marine furnaces, hundreds of small orifices were introduced, so as to effect the most intimate mingling of the air, with the gaseous products of com bustion. It was stated, as the result of considerable experience, that it was a matter of perfect iudiffereacts in what part of a furnace, or flue, the air was introduced, provided, this all-important condition was attended to, and satis fied, namely, the effecting the mixture of the air and the gas, before the temperature of the latter was reduced below that of accension, or kindling. This, according to Sir Humphrey Davy, should not be under 800 deg, Faht., as ignition could not take place at a lower tem perature—that fact being the principle of safety in the miner's lamp. Previously to the introduction of the tubular in place of the flue syst em i n marine boilers, it had been supposeck that the introduction of the air, on the Argand principle, by a perforated plate:behind the bridge, satisfied all ttiat nature required in producing perfect combustion. The tubular form of boiler, however, rendered a different arrangement absolutely necessary. This was occa sioned by the run, or distance between the bridge and the tubes, being so very short, and, consequently, the passing along that distance being so limited iu time that the mixing and combustion could not be ade quately effected. This, after numerous trials and ex pedients, led IVlaaieg the orifices of admission in the front, or a t the or-way end of the furnace. The sys tem adopted by boiler makers, of contracting the door ways of marine boilers, much impeded a successful application of the Argand principle. The enlarging the doer -way opening, as shown ill the models, however, afforded sufficient space for the required number of or 4-inch orifices. By this arrangement, the length of the, furnace from the door to the bridge was thus, as it were, MANCLIERTER AUTUMN. MEETING. added to the length of the run. By this mode of con- f SALFORD BOROUGH CUP struction, the Ar gan d principle had been applied with are struck nt. out for this event.' Tile success to mar i ne boilers.—Candlewick and St. C l a ir The next point considered was, as to the quantity, or [A as DVERTISEMENT i—n.oliOway's Pills for In v ig ora ti ng u th ,o e n ‘ d V e e f a u k i , and Strengthening . the gross volume of air reuired, and the area or aperture Debilitated.—These adaptedr necessary for its introduction.. On this head it was. stated, that a great practical error had been frequently 't invigorateo and w efficacious eak epoidelas constitutions, t the ito t 000nsl! persons f committed, as it had been stated, that it would suffica, low and nervous habits, or those are suffering from if the aperture should be equal to 11 square inch for bad destive organs, or those each square foot of fire surface in the furnace, in the case ere stomach, or d d deranged!liver by bilious affections, whose w .s h o health has become of single furnaces ; and of but half a square inch, or '5 -inch for each square foot of grate-bar surface in the iver complaints.. Those affeo tee L with r coughs, colds, e asthma, or shortness of breath, should have recourse to case of double furnaced boilers. these invaluable pills. as These prlportions were now asserted to be wholly in- found plainits a , certain and efficacitheir. mighty powers will be sufficient, and in fact were not sufficient to allow of one_ous remedy for all these cone fourth the quantity of air to pass. In practice, it had plaints, and buoyancy at the, carne time, strength, new life, been ascertained that for bituminous coal, from 4 to G a spirits to the afflicted, and may square inches were required for each square foot of fur- b e taken with perfect safety at anypetLod of life.—Sot_d by all druggists ; and at Profeatik or H olloway's establish mace ; and for anthracite trona 2to 4 equal'. inches, ac. m a t, 244, Strand, London. SPORTING INTELUGENCE. NEWMARKET CRAVEN MEETING. MONDAY. The CRAVEN STAKES of 10 sous each, with 50 added, for three-yr-olds. Est 61b ; four, Bst 41b ; five, Bst 131 b ; six and aged, 9st 51b. The winner to be hold for 6001. if demanded, &c. A.F. 5 subs. Mr. J. Adkins's Calatnus, 3 yrs, Est 61b ...(Corderey) 1 Captain D. Lane's Alas, 3 yrs, Est 6lb ........(Wells) 2 Mr. Wigram's Legatee, 3 yrs, Est 6lb ..(S. Steggles) 3 Duke of Bedford's Diomedia, 4 yre, Bst 41b ...(PEttit) 4 Lord W. Powlett's Sharavogue, 5 yrs, Bst 131b(Rogers) 5 Betting---2 to 1 agst Alas, sto 2 agst Sharavogue, and 3to 1 agst Calamus. Won very cleverly by a length and a half. Two lengths between the second and third. The winner was claimed for Mr. J. M. Stanley. HANDICAP SWEEPSTAKES of 25 sovs each, 10 ft, for four-yr-olds, and upwards. T.Y.C. 3 subs. The following were handicapped at 6st 121 b each, but as Mr. Mare's Ariosto, 6 yrs, Bst 121 b, was struck out before ten o'clock, their weights were raised to Bst 71b : Mr. Armstrong's Sabra, 5 yrs Bst 71b (Sly) 1 Lord Glasgow's Coalition, 4 yrs, Bst 71b ...(Flatman) 2 Betting-2 .to l on Coalition. Sabra made the run ning ; a good race up the cords ended in her favour by half a length. SWEEPSTAKES of 50 sovs each, h ft, for three-yr-olds ; fillies, Bst 71b ; those by stallions or out of mares that never bred a winner allowed 41b ; only one allowance. D.M: 8 subs. Mr. Lister's Lady Elegant, (41b), Bst 31b ...(Kendall) 1 Mr. Combs's Apropos, sister to Alamode, (41b), Bst 31b (Crouch) 2 Lord Exeter's Margaretta (41b), Bst 31b.. ...(Forman) 3 Lord Glasgow's f by Melbourne, out of his Actteon mare (41b), Bst 31b (Fiattnan) 4 Betting-2 to 1 agst Margaretta, sto 2 agst Lady Elegant, 3 to 1 agst Apropos. Won cleverly by a length. Bad third. The other beaten f‘ff. SWEEPSTAKES of 100 sovs. eaoh, h ft, for three-yr olds ; colts, Bst 71b ; *those by stallions or out of mares that never bred a winner, allowed 41b ; only one allow ance. D.M. 6 su bs. Duke of Bedford's Student, Bst 71b (Rogers) 1 Lord Exeter's Caliban (411,), Bst 31b Mr. G. Mather's c by Van Tromp, out of Reel (41b). Bst 31h (%V. :•-harpe) 3 Betti ,g-2 to 1 on Student. Caliban and Reel colt rau side by side to the cords, where the latter dr o pp e d of; Student then joined Caliban, aud, after a smart race in, won cleverly by three-quarters of a length. V er y bad third. Renewal of the SWEEPSTAKES of 50 sovs. each, for three- yr-old ' • colts, Bst rib ; and fillies, 84 41b, not engaged in the Riddlesworth, 2,000 gs, or the 1,000 gs Stakes. D.M. 4 subs. Duke of Bedford's Weathercock, Bst 71b (Rogers) 1 Mr. Turner's Census, Bst 71b (E. Saari)) 2 Sir R. Pigot's Folly-o'-the-Day, 8-t 41b.. (Flatman) 3 Betting-7 to 2on Weathercock. Won by a length. About-the same distance between the second and third. MATCII-84 71b each. T.M.M. 500, h ft. Duke of Bedford's Sittingbourne (Rogers) 1 Lord Clifdeu's Pefion (Flatman) 2 Betting-9 to 4on Sittingbourne, Sittingbourne made all the running, and wou by 20 lengths ; Pehon pulled up lame. MATCH-Bst 31b each. A. F. 200, h ft. • Mr. Greviile's Invasion (Flatman) 1 Lord Glasgow's Caracara (Aldcroft) 2 Betting-3 to 1 on Invasion. Caracara made the running to within a short distance of the bushes, where Invasion took it up, and, carrying it on, won easily by a length. IvlATcn. A.F. 200, h ft. Lord Glasgow's Doublethong, 4 yrs, B,t 41b (Flatman) 1 Lord Chiden's Poodle, 5 yrs, Bst 9lb (A. Day) 2 Betting-2 to lon Poodle. Poodle made the run ning to the cords, where Doublethong went up and ob tained the lead, which he maintained to the end, winning easily by three lengths. HANDICAP PLATE of 50/,, for three-yr•olds and upwards. of A 1. M. - , •zzve4.- , Ikr--z ale SHIPPING INT ELLiGENCE. LIVERPOOL, April 16. -The William Patten, arrived here from New Orleans, passed, 11th March, in lat. 34 N. , long. 67 W., several bales of cotton anti some boxes. SCILLY, April 14.—The Vereinig, from St. Übes for Vlaardingen, with salt, was assisted in here last night , with loss of stanchions, bulwarks, and covering board split► and making water, having been in collision yesterday with No. 14 Transport, from London to Malta, when the er" of the former got on board of the latter, and subsequently returned to their own vesse l ; t h e Transport lost jib-boOgi' VESSELS SPOKEN 'PITH. The Coronet (sch.) from Liverpool to Porto Rico, APO 3, lat. 47 N, l o n g . 13 W . The Orogon (b r i g ), f or N ow Y or k , A pr i l 6, la t 49 Al 4 long. 12 W. The Delia Maria, from Liverpool to Charlestown, March 7, lat. 49 N, long. 20 W. The Robert Hooper, from Liverpool to New York, rob' 26, lat. 4 N, long. 61 W. The Avalanche, from New Orleans to Liverpool, lat. 2 5 N, long. 85 W. The Columbian, from Liverpool to New York, Marc 20, lat. 34 N, long. 74 W. The John Gardiner, from Boston to Bombay, Feb. 10 ' lat. 23 8, long. 25 W. The Nathan Hannan, outward bound, March 25, lat. 345 N, long. 34 W. The - Louisiana (American ship), from Baltimore to Loll' don, April 10, lat. 49 N, long 7 W. The Othello (Swedish sch.), from London to Rio Janet March 4, lat. 1 N. long. 23 W. The George Lord, bou n d t o Pl ymouth, lat. 50 N, l o ng . 9 W. The Barbara (ship), from London to St. John's, April lat. 49 N, long. 11 W. . April 17.—The Caroline Louisa, of Bideford, bound tg Genoa, with loss of main -mass, fore-topmast, &c., and one man overboard, was spoken with two miles off Cape 4 81 ' tel, by the Island Queen, arrived at Gibraltar. Extract of a despatch from her Majesty's Vice-Consul s 6 Galatz, dated March 27, 1851 There has been an embargo on all vessel s s i n ce 3fon• day last, but as no communic..tions are made to Consulate s or any public notice given, it is difficult to ascertain whether the hindrance comes from the high authorities, nr merely from subalterns. (Signed) " CHARLES CUNNINGHAM." COUNTRY MARKETS. CHELMSFORD—Ai:am 15. Prices to-day were as follow :—Wheat, white, old 69' t to 84s Od, new 6.1 s to 81 s ; red, old 578 to 80s, new 59i "" 80s ; barley, 27s to 35s ; chevalier, 33s to 388 ; grindin 21s to 308 ; malt, 61a to 65s ; chevalier, u4s to ; oat", 24s to 31s ; peas, partridge, 39s to 44s ; white 47s to 4 9 2 boiling 51s to 6 s ; dun, new, 39S to 41s ; beans, tick, to 40s ; Harrow ticks, 36s to 42s ; Mazagan, 36s to 395. COLCHESTERo-.APRIL 15. Prices to-day were as follow :--Wheat, white, 76.3t0 BS'' red, 723 to 8./s ; barley, 34 s t o 3As ; oats, 28s to 33 3 bowl Mazagan, 36s to 3is ; middle and small, 38s to 46s ; Pea"' white, 56s to 60s ; grey, 38s to 425. Official Statement of the Quantities of Corn, &c., receive d in the port of London, f rom th e f o ll ow i ng ports, f'°`"f'°`",„ the 10th to the lath April, both inclusive. A _o_t%l4 I 0 S -- 51 0 14 4Z 0 Colchester Harwich Leigh Mahlon - - 750 65 48 850 540 125 - 417? 65 180 KIRKCALDY-APRIL 15. Here, to-day, we had extremely limited supplies of all kinds of grain. Barley sold very slowly at Is to Os per cif; reduction ; wheat and oats sold slowly also, but could 13°' be purchased cheaper. Wheat. Barley. 1 Oats. 1 Beaus. I First Second I I Third 62s Od 37s Od 3os ud 1 Os 0 Oatmeal, per bag of 2801bs imperial, 48s Od to 00s Od- COAL MARK] Prices of Coal por ton at t tc. d. Bate's West Hartley 18 0 Buddle W. Hartley l9 &Belmont... H01ywe11........ .. . . lB 6 .. Haswell North Percy Hartley _lB o ; Plummer lB 0 ° Tanfield Moor l7 0 Stewart's ' l9 9 Tanfield Moor Butes 17 0 Hartlepool lB 0 Tyne Main__ ... 17 ilHeugh Hall l,-; 0 Wylam 17 6 Kelloe 18 South Hartlepool •IS 0. South Kelloe lB 6 .18 o,Whitworth l7 ...17 31 :T.—APRIL 17. le close of the market •--- Wallsond, &c. Wallsend, Ste. Eden . Bell ... CUSTOM-HOUSE, APRIL 17. ENTERED INWARDS.—The William Frederick, from Monhuisen ; Judy, Hamburgh ; James Armstrong, Shang' hai ; Harmonie, Seville ; India, Manilla ; Gesina, Hem" burgh ; Maria, do. ' • Gaspian, do. ; J onge J ane , B re men; British Hero, Antwerp ; Alice Thompson. Madras sow cuddalure; Altnuth, Hamburgh ; Fredericka, Fedder wardersiel ; Unity, Antwerp ; Anna Maria, Norden; Alphardo, Gr on i ngen ; R o b ert Barton, Calcutta ; Her r lichkeit Godens, Rustringerseil • Minerva, Nieustaclgoden ; Haimonie, Stralsund ; Ravensbourne, Antwerp; Disney Sudwesthorn ; Oceane' Nord,rschleuse ; El'zaneth, Sod; westhorn ; Othello, Norderschleuse, ; Ellenborough, Sy" . ney ; Kundo, Nile; Fritniof, Kjoge ; Antze, Bremen; Hermann, Emden; I. 0., Mauritius; Maria, Constart• tinople ; Diamond, Bruges ; Auld°, Leer ; Jonge Her.' mann, Frederic.lest ; Anna, Bremen Eliza, Hatnburgh; Immanuel. Caroli nense il ; Annette , Emden • Helene , Karsoe ; Diana, Netn..arlin gerse il ; Wig , er K'unft, mertninerseil ; Vrou Johanna, Bremen ; Norma, Sevil:e; Ozel and Walford, Skien ; Gute Hoffinz, Jarmen, KY gesene. and Cecilia, Hoyen ; Jerines Clothilde, Santander; Ann, Rouen ; D innenborg, Aalborg ; Anna Henrietta, Ham burgh ; Drie Gebroders, Steinhauserseil ; Emanuel , Rustringerseil ; Theresm, Bungseil ; Ambrosia, Frederick . stadt ; Carolinenseil ; Tina, Hookseil ; helmina, Rusterseil ; Warner, Leer ; Carolinda, Cher bourg ; Surprise, St. Michael's; Hoffnurg, Oltenderf; Raketon, Gothenburg ENTERED OUTWARDS FOR LOADING.—The Mercury, f °ll Rotterdam ; Florencia, Bilboa ; William Prowse, An t ; laide ; Zwantina, Ham burgh ; St. George, Valparaiso ago Lin.a ; Mona, Ceylon and Cannanore. _ CLEARED OUTWARDS WITH CARGO.—Th e . tri . ; sto“la, for Adelaide and Pori Philip ; J. J. Colt, 11lelbourn0 ago Sydney ; Marshal Bennett, Geelong; Mercury, Ascension; s Demerara, Demerara. Clermont Course. The highest weight left in at ten o'clock the evening before running being 7st 71b, it was raised to Bst 71b, and the others not drawn in proportion. •_. Mr. Tonilinson's f b! Sesostiis, out of Anvil's dam, 3 yrs, 6st 101 b (Palmer) 1 Mr. Anderson's f by John o'Gaunt, out of Blanchie, 3 yrs, fist 71b (Wells) 2 Mr. A. J. Le Cras's Apostate, 5 yrs, Bst 31b (Flatman) 3 Mr. Rogers's Pancake, 5 yrs: Bst 71b Mr. Richard Cooper's Gruel, 3 yrs, 7st 71b (Hughes) 5 Betting-6 to 4 agst Blanchie filly, 4to 1 each agst Pancake, Sesostris filly, and Apostate. Blanchie- filly made the running to the turn of the lands, where it was taken up by Sosostris filly, who carried it on to the end, `and won very easily by a length. Half a length between the second and third. Gruel was nearly a quarter of a mile behind. MATCH. A.F. 300, h ft. Mr J. M. Stanley's Orinoco, 84 71b, received forfeit frcin Lord Glasgow's Barbatus, Bst 41b. MORNING BETTING. CHESTER CUP. 14 t, 1 agst Newminster (taken to 501). THE DERBY . 13 to 2 agst Dervish (to 1001). AFTERNOON BETTING. NEWMARKET HANDICAP. sto 2 agst Defiance (taken). 6to 1 bar one (offered). Virago was scratched at 4h. 2 min. p.m. GREAT NORTHERN HANDICAP. 100 to 6 agst Aquila (taken). CHESTER CUP. 12 to 1 agst Baathee. 15 to 1 agst Newminster (taken). THE DERBY. 9 to 2 agst Autocrat. 6to 1 agst Dervish. 1,000 to 15 agst The Trapper (2,000 to 20 also laid). 1,000 to 10 agst Bessus (offered). Thanks to the introduction of some new features of attraction this meeting opened well, and is likely to ex. eel tie best of its Craven predece. sors of late years. The attendance of company was fully of an average strength, and some of the contests, though prospectively unim portant, created a lively interest. The sun shone forth with great power, but had little attempering efftot on a keen and searohing " nor' easter." HORSES STRUCK OUT. NEWMAREET HANDICAP.- Caracar Caliph, Pauline, Prime Minister, Nabob, King of Trumps, Ethelhert, Indian Warrior, Dove; Mr Sykes, Khadidiab, Tonic, Ticton, Stamford, Bracken. Toggery, Swifthure, Selina, Brigadier. Line.ln's Trifle. CRAVEN HANDICAP. —Prime Minister and Eva. TWENTY-FIRST RIDDLESWORTII —Cardinal, Lapithw, Caliban, and Little Pet. ,ACES—Tars DAY. M., for two-yr-olds. First NEWMARKET ENTRIES for the PLATE of c. by Beverlac, out of 11far - TBrOther to Shunting. garet. Sister to Singapore. Duke of Hamilton. Bessie. Eironeia. ENTRIES for the SUBSCRIPTION PLATE of 50/., for three yr-olds and upwards. T.Y.C. • liackapelt, 4 yrs I Sine qua Non, 3 yrs Oxus, 3 yrs I Lioness, 3 yrs ENTRIES for the SWEEPSTAKES of 10 soya each, for three yr-olds and upwards. The winner to be sold for 80 sous, if demanded, &c. First half of Ab. M. Tamerlane, 4 yrs Carlotta, Grisi, 3 yrs Handsome Buck, 3 yrs Jessamine, 3 yrs Jenny Wren, 3 yrs Switch, 3 yrs Prevarication, 3 yrs Marie filly, 3 yrs Six races are fixed for this day, the first race at 1.30, the Handicap at 3.15. Defiance arrived on Sunday night. The Reiver has arrived. RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS. LIVERPOOL, APRIL 17. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The market has been dull all de' closing flat at the lowest rates. Caledoni a n, 261 ; Lane shire and Yorkshire, so g ; London araLNorth Western' 95t ; Midland, 58g. LEEDS, APRIL 17. STOCK EXORANGE.—There has been an inanimate Or ket on 'Change thi s morn i ng , th oug h the bona fide trarit• actions made have been a t an i mprovement on SaturdaYi prices. Very little d o i ng on speculation. Lancashire an d Yorkshires, 60i ; Midland, 58g. MANCHESTER, APRIL 17. btli STOCK EXCHANGE.— The market was rather easier, - very dull. Dover, 17 7 16; Leeds, 60j. BIRMINGHAM, APRIL 17. • STOCK EXCHANGE,—Th ere was no material alterat i on 1s the state of the share market to-day. Prices closed prel much as they op ene d , w i t h l i ttle business doing. The I°.; lowing were th e quotat i ons : Loudon and North Wester Stock, buyers ; Manchester, Sh e ffi e ld, an d Line°lP. shire Stock, 191 20 ; Midland Stock, 57/ 81 ; Shrewsbuu and Birmingham Stock, 51 53 ; and South Staffordshi re ' 24 fi dis. kisvEaTISEM.SNT.J—a most interestin recovery from a vast Off ; p ica,lo ot ..Iseases, without tae aid of medicine, is tee rde d i n lollowing letter : "Bridgehouse, Frimley, 3d April, 185 4 % "Grateful for the benefit I have derived from Du Barry's He lettta Arablea Food. I &el it my duty to expres. to you my ut, feign; thanks for the itivarbible.klieness I ha ve met Rita at you 11.0„r. My case ian extra rdinary o it, ds it may ben e fi t ot er ferers I think it but right to ' , lace .its details at Four clispo 4 s,. 4 l • have suffered these 33 pars continually fr.an diseased lungs, 'Pht"..-i -of h10..d, liver derangements, deafness , singtag in toe ears cons t p Alen, debility, shortness of breath and cough, and tiurinz lus t period taken so rn..ch in dteine that i can safety say I f.ave 1 1',To aactually never ev e ) r , 0 4, x r r p i e o c ti two to m g et e,t l 1 o c v a upwards of a Vit ui-an •po in.ls at th , che,t.is 's and doctor's. 1 2„ c t ed men N.uring my ailments wi bout Inc and imp"ovement it; my health. Indeed was in. utter desPaT o beCoMk.t acritiaint,l with • u r R r e i t v , a w i e r a I A r w a a h s , e f s o , r , t , tt h if c s t h e , l enough itaveiiiroo praised, r .stored ale t state .ri health which t long since clesP",,t, of at talling. dy lungs, liver, stoma It, head, and ears ar e all rig my hearing perket, and my recovery is a in a, vel to all my acutw c ii tances.— I am, respect' ul.) , "JAMES ROBERTS, Wot.d Me chsi, In canisters, suitably packed for all climates, add with full instri:;, tions —1 lb., Is 9.1 ; 2 4s 6d ; 5 lb., 11 . , ;12 lb., 22s ; super „i tined, 5 lb., 225; 10 lb , 335. The lb and 12 lb carriage free. receipt of Post-office or.fer I tarry, Du harry, and Co,, 7,, Reite t " i Mason, and Co., purveyors ta her street, London; r ortnum, Ozford4treet ; 60, Gracechurch-street ; also at 63, Bisliopsgate street; 4, Cheapside ; 330 and 461, Strand. BIRTHS. OF A SON. On the 14th inst. , at Crowfree On the 15th inst. , at Denbeigh, aslemere, Surrey, the wife of William Pontifex, 'hill, Louth, the wif e of the Rev. S a muel Lodge. OF A DAUGHTER. On the 15th inst., Mrs. Hepworth Dixon,' Essex-villa' Queen's road, St. John's -wood. On the 15th inst., at Balham-hill, the wife of Willi' Beard, Esq. MARRIED. ' On the 10th December last, at S. James's Church, jo , ney, Mr. William Hurford, late of the firm of TOP to Hurford, and Co., auctioneers, Bucklersburv, Londo o, . o . Mary Ann Atkins on , w id ow of the late Mr. It.obert AU° son, St. Mary-at-hill, Lcindon, wine merchant. ___.. DIED. On the 7th in s t ., a t M allo W , John Doughty Wind 1111; Esq., late Capt a i n i n h er Illa j tsty ' s Ist or Royal Regiul-03, of Foot, and younest son of the late Admiral Win' aged 36. rk( On the 14th hist , at 7, Princess-terrace, Regent's - P D 'i,io George Dye r , Esq.,. of the Bank of England, surviving wife only 16 flay s. On the 14th inst., at Grove-hill-house, Cambe rvie a ll . ' Emma, eldest (laughter of the late Th,,mas aged 29. On the 14th inst., at New London-road, Chelinsor747; George Brown . , Esq., formerly of the War-office, alOtt k.ND9N Printed and Publisted by 111.71tD0 YOU rig of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at ihe Sun Office, Nchl o f Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the coo/ TueldaY, April 18,1854. and nes Rill Lot lanl Car I and Inst. sons into (lon Bri , treat ages tract Mun and intL9l Men pecti emu conii that lea' Posit Year to aji any 1 Se, most Wen, anti Be; PAT, min ng of those Boole Ore lc are ft altior Frain , Pr( 4,ona siab ac Der A bond N„o: The ___l Terr