The Sun. — London, England, 1854-05-01 00:00:00

THE ROYAL ACADEMY. The Sdth annual exhibition of the Royal Academy of Arts was inaugurated on Saturday by the usual banquet. The rooms were thrown open at two o'clock to the guests, and several Cabinet Ministers and personages of high distinction availed themselves of the opportunity thus afforded to inspect at leisure the pictures contained in the exhibition. Sir CHARLES LOCK EASTLAKE, the President of the [loyal Academy, took the chair about half-past six. Among the distinguished guests we observed—the Lord Chancellor, the President of the Council, Lord J. Rus sell, Viscount Palmerston, the Duke of Newcastle, the Earl of Clarendon, Viscount Hardinge, the Marquis of Bath, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the President of the Board of Trade, Mr. Sidney Herbert, the Bishop of London, the Bishop of Oxford, the Bishop of St. David's, Mr. Disraeli, M.P., Sir J. Pakington, M.P., Mr. S. Walpole, M.P., Earl Grey, Sir G. Grey, M.P., the Marquis of Clanricarde, Viscount Canning, the Earl of Jersey, Lord Campbell, the Lord Chief Baron, the Master of the Rolls, the Attorney-General, the Solicitor- General, Lord Ashburton, Mr. J. Baring, the Governor of the Bank of England, the Earl of Cawdor, the Hon. Justice Coleridge, Mr. C. Dickens, Lord Elcho, Sir H. Ellis, Mr. J. Forster, the Earl of Ffard.wicke, Mr. B. Hawes, Mr. R. S. Holford, Lord Lyttleton, Lord Lon desborough, Mr. Labouchere, M.P. , Mr. Layard, M.P., the Lord I.llayof, Mr. M. Milnes, M.P., Lord North wick, Lord Overstone, Professor Owen, Lord Shelborne, Lord Stanley, Sir G. Staunton, Sir It. H. Inglis, Mr. F. Peel, &c. The rest of the guests consisted of the professors, fellows, and associates of the Royal Academy. Altogether about 140 sat down to dinner, which was provided by Messrs. Willis, of the Thatched House Tavern. The cloth having been removed, and "For_ these and all Thy mercies given" havin g been sung by Mr. Hobbs and a party of vocalists. The PRESIDENT gave the usual loyal toasts, aft er which the "Army and Navy" were given and respond e d to by Lord Hardinere and Lord Hardwicke. The latter in the course of his remarks said he could not walk along the streets but he was asked by some or other whether he had heard anything of the Baltic or the Black Sea fleet. The p ublic mi nd was exceedingly a nxious as to the state of affairs in these two seas. He knew nothing about the operations intended to be un dertaken ; those who did sat opposite to him, and her Majesty's ministers were able to give them every infor mation. (A laugh.) But although he knew nothing about what was intended to be done, there were cer tain great principles which he wished the public to us derstand, and which if they were duly recognised, were calculated to alleviate their anxiety. In the first place, ships were intended to fight with ships, and ships which were wood and iron, were not intended to fight with stone walls. (He ar , ax.) He advised the public to think of the double danger to which we were exposed from every other species of naval warfare except that of ship meeting !tip in fair contest. If this principle were adhered to, he had no fear that our naval supremacy would be endangered ; and he did not think it was about to be departed from, because if it were, we should no doubt have a large reserve force at home. But if our ships were to engage stone walls, then the public mind ought to be directed to meet disaster and risk, because, although no one would have any ap prehension for the result if ships met ships, yet there was a risk of disaster if anything else were tried, which no power but that of the Almighty could pre vent. It might no doubt be said that there were two great instances on record—Copenhagen and Algiers— which proved that ships might engage stone walls with success. But he thought an opposite lesson ought to be drawn from these instances. In both cases it was what was called "touch and go," and were on both oc casions as nearly beaten as our ships ever were. With regard to the bombardment of Algiers, he believed that if the guns had been in the hands of any but the Alge rines, very few of our ships would have returned. By negotiation and management that engagement was brought to a successful termination ; but, as instances of the success with which ships were able to engage stone walls, he had always felt that great risks were run on both occasions, and that the attempt had nearly lost us our fleets. He wished the public to apply the lesson to the Baltic and the Black Sea ; and as we had no reserve force at home, he did not believe that any such risks would now be incurred. Unless, therefore, the Russian came out of port, the present campaign would probably pass without any serious act of warfare. He had every confidence in the judicious conduct of our commanders, in the zeal and gallantry of our officers, and in the exis tence of the same honest and determined fighting ma terial on the part of our seamen. (Cheers.) Such great operations as those to which we had adverted were not likely to be undertaken without the orders and com mands of the Government at home, and great actions of this kind, differing from fair naval warfare, would, he hoped, be avoided by commanders intrusted, not only with the safety of their ships and crews, but with the safety and independence of this happy land. The next toast was "The Health of the Foreign Ministers," responded to by Lord Clarendon. After some complimentary sentences, he said :—I rejoice to see that of two great specimens of art now before me one, an excellent portrait of the Emperor of the French, is by an English artist ; and another, a portrait of an English nobleman, is by a French artist, and that both are worthy to be placed side by side with that chef d'teuvre in the centre, the portrait of Lord J. Russell. (Cheers.) The original of that picture of the Emperor is fond of British artists, and I know that he looks for ward with infinite satisfaction to the competition by English artists in the Exhibition which is to opened next year in Paris. He ardently hopes that they will contribute to that exhibition, and he has expressed a confident expectation that great benefit will ensue, both to French and Engish artists, from that competition. The PRESIDENT next gave " the health of the noble men and gentlemen who have this day honoured the academy with their presence." It has been remarked that there are two direct modes in which art may be promoted. One, which is indispensable, is by the en couragement of living talent ; the other is by the acqui sition from abroad of the master works of former periods • as models of excellence. With regard to the latter mode, the time has been when one placed in the position I have the honour to occupy might have felt some diffi culty in recommending it at a time when inferior produc tions by inferior masters have been valued and sought for, and when struggling genius at home has been neglected— . when the works of such painters as Luca Giordano were esteemed and those of Wilson were disregarded. It is a happiness to acknowledge that both mistakes are now corrected, and that the encouragement extended to living votaries of art is liberal and comprehensive. (Hear.) The purchase by collectors of the works of the old mas ters is in general judicious and discriminating, and, on no ground therefore can exception now be taken to that course. Every professor must feel it to be his interest to uphold whatever really raises the standard of excel lence, while, as regards the connoisseur, the same study by which he learns to discriminate excellence from mere names also enables him to do justice to contemporary merit. (Hear.) It may appear to matter little what classes of the art-loving community may have a predilec tion for one department or the other, especially since both kinds of amateurs are abundant, and since many combine both forms of amateurship. I will only observe that the noble ardour which our merchants and menu lecturers evince in encouraging living and native talent is calculated to communicate an impulse to a still widening circle, to familiarise the greatest number with its results, and to interest more warmly the people at large. In fact, art, with its material appliances a n d its humanising influences, is already evidently and un mistakeably making its way to the people—(cheers)— and, while this desirable consummation is taking place, it is for us to remember that in our darker periods—and I speak not of very remote periods—the flame was kept alive chiefly by means of the cultivated taste of the no bility and gentry of this country, and the present move ment may be strictly said to have originated with them. And, whatever may be the future destiny of art, we feel and know that stimulus of their approbation can never be superfluous. (Cheers.) Gentlemen of the Royal Academy, I give you the health of the Lord Chan cellor and the noblemen and gentlemen who have honoured us with their presence. The LORD CHANCELLOP. said, that if there were any duty which he might be called upon to discharge for which he felt himself ill qualified, it was that of return ing thanks on such an occasion on behalf of the distin guished company who surrounded him, There were among those who had the honour of being the visitors of the Royal Academy many who were the patrons of domestic artists, and who had also contributed to the walls of the British Institution specimens of merit of the ancient masters. With none of these was he connected, and from others would therefore more appropriately have come the thanks which the visitors owed for the reception they had met with and the unbounded feelings of satisfaction with which they had gazed upon the walls around them. ,(Hear.) It had long been the custom of the youth of this nation to visit the cabinets and collec tions in which the works of the great masters of for mer days were to be found. It used to be thought a proof of great knowledge and taste to depreciate the moderns in comparison• vri with ancient masters ; but this fashion walls would still further away, and a glance at these impression. Lie liwofuuirther remove so unfounded an d not pretend to say, that, in the opinion of would rival those of artists,the the Vatican productions around them or those upon the walls of the Pitti Palace ; b ut le a t t i k an , Tit t a b n e asked whether the con temporaries of Raphael reducedriai nptin the Guido, w or or k santyheoyf now great masters, could ha rr v i e lo p sa w ? (Hear, hear.) 3 of the Vatican and the Pitti Palace were the collected works of different ages, and not, like these, the production of a sinele year. (Cheers.) Looking at the matter i n this point'of view son with th e most palmy days of o ur artists need not shrink from a corapearre was no t o t o art. It was said a mong the British public for anyth ing b ut portrait : . God forbid that the taste for portraits should cease amongst us, for it showed the strength of our domestic affections, and that we loved to look upon the features of those who were dear to us. The use of portraits was well described by one whom he might call a savage. The Prince Le 800, when his portrait was taken, was asked whether he understood the object of it. He replied—. "Oh yes ; me understand it well. This Le 800 die ; that Le 800 live I" (Hear, hear.) This was a com mentary upon portrait painting the most appropriate that could be made. But portrait painting was not all. Most admirable was that art which could bring Italian skies within English walls, and which could make us feel, in walking round these rooms, as if we were transported to the mountains of Switzerland or the Pyrenees, and which enabled us to see Italian and Spanish scenes without moving from the centre of Charing-cross. (A laugh.) He believed that there was not a country in Europe which could produce better specimens in the higher walks of art, or whose historical artists could rival or compete with the works upon these wa ll s . (Hear.) In looking round the rooms we might n, k 3 r into the feelings' of the widow who was part is., S might sleeping look on the eve of his execution. Turning to those domestic be l. upon ng f r o t re her r m son, and a dignified you n g emigrantfeatures l e i er o landscapes, in which our artists excelled, we might reminded of the indolent way in which we sometim es r t e h n i s i n c i o g u h n t t country. .. Allowlounged i amwtaoy say, yd,a too,y in a t h s a e t a - h c i o s a l s e t g t a o l w b n r e i t n h which represented the interior knowledge that there was toomofucah ju tr r u y t r h i oo n m t , he in pi w c i t i u ie r h e the jury were debating. (A laugh.) He begged to be (Cheers.) allowed to propose " The Health of the President a n d members of the Royal Academy." The PRESIDENT—On the part of the members of the R o yal Academy and my own, I thank you for th e com - P iment with which we have been honoured. Th e favour at le j udgment that has been pronounced by his lordship on the present exhibition will, I think, be ratified by the P ublic. It has not been usual, and for very sufficient re asons, for the chairman on these occasions to invite attention to any particular work, however remarkable, and in deference to this customary reserve, I will con fine my observations to the general character of the works displayed. The fact especially apparent in the present exhibition of a great diversity of styles in the works of art may be regarded as presenting one of the most salutary indications in our school, since it is directly opposed to a justly stigmatised routine, while it is sufficiently free from lawlessness and undue caprice. (Hear, hear.) As great painters have arisen in former times, often at first exciting censure by their novel aspirations, but gradually compelling an admiring assent to their now canonised productions, we have been taught their excellence, as yet unknown, may still remain to be developed ; and it therefore becomes the duty both of the teachers and promoters of art to lay no exaggerated stress upon received types, but keeping the criterion of nature and the conditions of representation in view, to permit invention and practice to be as unfettered as possible. (Cheers.) Within the limits which the essen tial elements of the fine arts sufficiently define is to be found a variety of forms of art, each having its peculiar excellence. Within these limits, and amid that variety, taste need not and cannot be stationary, but like a pen dulum whose oscillations are narrowly circumscribed, may be suffered freely to vibrate. (Hear, hear.) I need not remind those whom I have the honour to address, that in art as in letters, every age still aiming at excellence, seems instinctively to oppose the taste of the immediately preceding period, while the new direction is in general mysteriously adapted to new mental requirements or to new outward wants. (Hear, hear.) The general tendency of art now appears to be towards the real, the individual, and the definite— a tendency which, as regards its higher capabilities, if less fitted to kindle the imagination, may edify and in struct, and may touch the chords of the purest feeling ; while, in its practical results, it is sure to enrich its do main with new wealth gathered from inexhaustible nature. (Hear, hear.) On that account I venture to think that such a direction is well calculated to influence satisfactorily the material uses to which the fine arts are now beginning to be more generally applied. Again thanking you, I beg to propose the health of another distinguished guest—" The Chancellorof the Exchequer." (Cheers.) To speak of the refinement in taste of one who holds a prominent place among those to whom the government of this country is entrusted, will, I hope, be understood, as on other occasions of the kind, to befit the place and the occasion rather than adequately the individual. That respect which it becomes us to express we offer, trusting that the claims of the arts of peace will not be forgotten during the vigorous prosecution of a just war. (Loud cheers.) The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER—Mr. President, my lords, and gentlemen—Every person, however dis tinguished his station, or however great his fame, may be well content with the honour which he has received in his life, if he have been happy enough to have his health proposed and so accepted in such an assembly as this. In selecting me for such an honour, your president has gone far beyond either what is due to my official posi tion or my personal qualities. If you will allow me to strike the truth, I should say that I understand the pro posal of the chairman as much more than a compliment either to the individual or to the office. It was a de scription of parable, the meaning of which I take to be, that the Chancellor of the Exchequer is considered to be the symbol of the pecuniary resources of the country —(cheers and laughter)—and that the funds of a great nation ought to he liberally dispensed for every civi lising purpose, and not least for the purposes of the fine arts. (Cheers.) If I have been selected as the symbol of this truth, I am glad to be the vehicle of conveying or illustrating a truth at once so obvious and so just that it is acknowledged by all my colleagues, and acknowledged (though upon this you may, perhaps, be more sceptical) even by me. (Cheers and laughter.) Mr. President, the position of public affairs is, as you have told us, not altogether fa courable. The calls upon the pub lic purse for other and ruder purposes are heavy, and are not likely soon to diminish. At the same time I join with you in the hope that while this great nation braces itself up for great sacrifices for the purposes of carrying on the war upon which it has entered, it will not ' condescend to the narrow economy of stopping up all the channels through which such fertilising influences have been dispensed, and by means of which have flou rished education and the fine arts. (Cheers.) The scene around us, on which so much has been said, inspires and ratifies such a sentiment. It will be impossible for those who have been honoured with the hospitable invitation of this great corporation first to come and see the Bri tish talent exhibited upon these walls, and then to feel that there ought to be a niggardly application of the public resources to those purposes to which I have ad verted. I congratulate you and your brethren upon the complete testimony which this exhibition presents of the vigorous, thriving, and growing position of the elevating pursuit in which you and they enjoy so high a place, which is not only able, as has been said by the Lord Chancellor, to transport us to other and far distant lands, but which also so powerfully reflects upon these walls those characteristics both of nature and of men, as they are developed in England, which have been impressed so strongly on British art. I will not further detain you. I thank you for my own personal share in the toast you have drunk, however small it may be, and I beg to as sure you of my cordial sympathy with the sentiments that have been expressed by your president. (Cheers.) The PRESIDENT—It will be remembered by those now present, that on a former occasion—the year before last —the then Chancellor of the Exchequer (Mr. Disraeli) invited a noble lord (Lord J. Russell) to co-operate with him in any judicious scheme that might be devised for promoting the fine arts in this country. (Loud cheers.) Without alluding in any way to politics, I may mention that the relative position of the noble earl and the right hon. gentleman have been since that period changed, and I beg to express a hope that such change in their relative position will induce no alteration in the sentiments they expressed relative to the productions of the fine arts. (Cheers.) It is remarkable that on the occasion to which I refer, it was observed by Lord Derby that the right hon. gentleman appeared in this room in two plaees. It happened that a very striking portrait of the right hon. gentleman adorned these walls. (Hear,) I might make the same remark now with regard to the noble lord, for it happens that a very fine portrait of Lord John Russell is opposite to me—(cheers)—and I could almost fancy in looking at it that I am addressing his lord ship himself. (Hear.) Still referring to the hope that the distinguished originals of these fine portraits have not altered their opinions on the subject that interests us, I beg to give the health of Lord J. Russell and of Mr. Disraeli. Lord J. RUSSELL—I rise to answer for my part in the toast that your president has proposed, and permit me to say, that though no change has taken place in the senti ments that I then professed towards the right hon. gent!e man whose name has been coupled with my own, and although political opposition has never produced between us the slightest personal ill-will, while, on the contrary, I shall always be glad to see eminent talent like his re ceive that meed of approbation and support which it ought to receive in a free country like our own, yet you will permit me to observe that, as far as politics are con cerned, you, sir, certainly have produced a some what violent contrast. (Laughter.) I miss entirely those tender tints which are so remarkably character. istic of your president—(continued laughter)— in his pic tures which reflect so well the delicacy and feeling and refinement of mind that belong to him. (Hear.) But he has departed very far from his own style of colouring on this occasion—and has produced the most violent contrasts—(laughter)—somewhat in the style of the pic tures exhibited in the early years of the Royal Academy, when it was not unfrequent for distinguished artists on the last days before the opening of the exhibition, to throw in some violent reds or tawdry yellows in order to make their pictures seen and remarked by the crowd. You must, therefore, excuse me, while I pay, as I am bound to pay, every sort of respect to the gentleman whose name is coupled with my own, I must still say that with regard to our political opinions that harmony which ought to distinguish your president as a painter has hardly been maintained. (Laughter.) In one respect, however, there has been a point of agreement between myself and the right hon. gentleman. Both of us have j had the honour of having our resemblance painted by a j distinguished artist, and we have become the illustra tions of anecdote mentioned by the Lord Chancellor. Instead of the Lee 800 that dies, we shall leave behind us the Lee 800 that will never die. We have bot hof us had the good fortune to have our resemblances painted with very great success by a man whose talent I honour, and whose friendship I have the happiness to enjoy. (Cheers.) I am glad to avail myself of this opportunity to pay this eminent artist the tribute of my regard and gratitude for the honour that has been done to me, and in that sentiment I sympathise, and certainly agree with the right hon. gentleman. (Cheers.) Mr. DISRAELI—Mr. President, my Lords, and Gen tlemen—l have on several occasions had the opportu nity, through your kindness, of entering these cham bers on this anniversary, and have always been struck with the triumphs of art and the triumphs of design and colouring, but I was not aware that rhetoric would achieve in those rooms triumphs as singular ; because, your president has achieved a wonderful feat of ora tory in the toast he has proposed for your accept ance and approbation. I was glad to anticipate that the noble lord would have answered for me, for I know from experience the great difficulty of following the noble l ord. (Loud laughter.) I did, therefore, flat ter myself that this once I might count upon being exempted from eondfulfillingsi so arduous a t as k. I h ope y it el ss i - i t l h l at not I b red. he ono e u r r e e d d an affect a ti on if I assure in asso ciated with a celebrated atrit,eisht.aavnindg a rn i y am n o a n m s states man. It mu s t h ave been moment when th e president hazarded of a genial e (A laugh.) But l am not entitled to suchi a uchdatinuc't'iioonn, and I am reminded o f t h e Persianfable that h when a piece cf clay was as k e d h ow he happened so fragrant a perfume, he repli e d h e had had theegiloael fortune of living in the vicinity o f roses. (A laugh.) -The president has connected my career with the noble lord's and the distinguished artist who has sent him down to posterity, and has made me remembered for a short time. lam obliged to the noble lord for the compli mentary terms in which he has referred to me this T.H. SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, MAY 1, 1854. evening. It has been my fortune for many years to sit 1 opposite, as I do this evening, to the noble lord, and I may say with truth that I have never seen him look better than he does this evening in the Royal Academy (this allusion to the noble lord's portrait was received with much laughter and cheering), and I think I may be entitled to be considered a judge of the noble lord's countenance, for I have had the opportunity of watching him for 17 years under various circumstan ces. (Laughter.) I have seen him in the elation of triumph, and I do not think that I have ever seen him of a better figure and appearance than I see him this evening. (Cheers and laughter.) This is a peculiarity of this distinguished artist, whose name will go down to posterity, although one whom ho has condescended to select for a proof of his skill may not be so fortunate. And I may truly say with regard to the noble lord, that I hope he may long look as well in his place in Parlia ment as he does upon the walls of the Royal Academy. (Cheers.) This recalls to my attention a subject of im portance to which the president has adverted, and that is, the opportunity that the noble lord and his colleagues possess of advancing the fine arts in this country. (Hear, hear.) I think that the expressions of sympn.thy on the part of the noble lord and of the Chancellor of the Exchequer are not phrases only to be remembered on the anniversaries of the Royal Academy. I know, my lords and gentlemen, that it is an easy fashion to say that at the present period it is almost impossible either to call public attention or to apply the public resources for the furtherance of the interests of the fine arts, or to support the efforts that may be made to form and refine the public taste. But I may be permitted to say, that it is a great fallacy to pretend, because a nation is unhappily at war, that the arts of peace ought not to be cultivated. (Hear, hear.) You will rather find, if you appeal to his tory, that it is when a nation feels and thinks the most deeply that the arts most flourish. (Hear, hear.) It was during the greatest struggle in which the Athenians were ever engaged—th e Peloponnessian war—that Phidias flourished ; and we ought to feel at this moment, that we aggravate the evils of war if, while it is our de termination to make those efforts that are necessary to vindicate the honour and interests of this country, we do not also do all in our power, by our sacrifices and by our energy, to advance the cultivation of the human mind and the refinement of the human intellect. (Cheers.) After all it is a marvel how little is required greatly to assist the public taste. (Hear, hear.) We have had many occasions to mourn over those opportunities which we have lost from the want of a very small sum ad vanced by the Government to purchase works which would have improved the public taste. I can imagine the despair of a public servant when he sees millions expended for the operations of war, and the arrange ments of a campaign, and feels that a gallery must be sacrificed, and that the opportunity of obtaining works of art of priceless value must be foregone when they might be obtained at a slight expenditure compared with the vast cost that is entailed by the policy which we from a sense of duty pursue. (Hear.) We ought not to tolerate the opinion that it is necessary to press those opportunities which may present themselves of ad vancing the public taste, and we ought, on one day in the year at least, to look forward to the time when it shall be considered the duty of a statesman to serve his country and to advance the arts. (Loud cheers.) The PRESIDENT, in proposing " Prosperity to the city of London and and the Health of the Lord Mayor," said that the lovers of the fine arts were not without hopes that the prosperity of the city of London would in time be found to be not incompatible with the external beauty of the metropolis. We were already witnessing the lessening effects of one defacing agent—the smoke furnaces ; and for the removal or diminution of that evil we were indebted to the exertions of the noble lord the Secretary of State for the Home Department. (Cheers.) All must be desirous, when our public buildings were improved in consequence, that those buildings should he better displayed. A noble opportunity now presented itself for the corporation to improve the approaches to the most remarkable of our public buildings by opening a free space on the north-east side of St. Paul's—(cheers) —with perhaps a statute of men in the centre. He be lieved that representations had been made to the corpo ration on the subject from the Institute of British Archi tects. (Hear.) On the part of all who wished that justice should be done to the good architecture we pos sessed, he took this opportunity of soliciting his lordship to lend his powerful aid in promoting this desirable oh ject. (Hear, hear.) The boRD' MAYOR said he would promise to do his utmost to impress the corporation of the City with the views just expressed by the president. (Cheers.) The PRESIDENT—I have alluded to the obligations that the friends of art are under to the noble lord the Secre tary of State for the Home Department, for the intro. duction of a law relative to the consumption of smoke, and I feel that, on the part of the representatives of art, it would be an unpardonable omission to neglect this opportunity of thanking his lordship for what may be regarded as a boon to architecture and sculpture. (Cheers.) It will be agreeable this time to confine our attention to such subjects, without talking of the pos• sibility or impossibility of preventing the smoke of con tending armies. I give you "The health of Lord Pal merston." Lord PALMERSTON, whose rising was greeted with protracted cheering, said—Mr. President, my Lords, and Gentlemen, it could hardly be expected, at a mo ment when so dark a cloud was lowering over the face of Europe, that the unwholesome cloud that has lowered over the surface of London should have attracted the notice that you have given to the subject. Bat in such an assembly as this, in which I see collected some oit the most eminent artists in Europe, it is natural that you should draw attention to a circumstance deeply affecting the works of their genius. Mr. President, that which the Government of which I have the honour to be a member accomplished last year was merely alter ing the manner of doing a thing. The consumption of smoke was no novelty—it had been going on for ages— but the consumption of smoke had been going on in our lungs instead of in our chimneys. (Laughter and cheers.) That which we proposed, and which parliament agreed to, was only this, that the smoke should vanish in our chimneys instead of blacking our insides. (Continued laughter.) It had long been a subject of great grief to those who visited London to think that from that vast volume of carbon which was perpetually floating over our heads, all the finest works of ancient art, and the productions of modern genius, whether of our painters, our sculptors, or our achitects, were doomed to receive accumulation, hiding their merits and defacing their beauties. (Cheers.) If we could at any time re ' joice at the prospect of the removal of this inconvenience it is now, when we see around us so many beautiful productions of modern genius, and feel what a calamity it would be if in the course of a short period all the lights of the pictures we see before us were destined to become shadows, and all the shadows black darkness ; and if their beauties were hid from view by a daily de posit of these abominable blacks which used to greet us when we put our heads out of the window. I thank you for adverting to the slight service I may have been able to render to works of art, and I hope the bill of last session may be considered as having contributed in some small measure to the preservation of works of art and genius. (Cheers.) The PRESIDENT then gave " The health of Viscount Mahon and the authors of his country," from whose in spirations and instructions the professors of the fine arts hail derived so much advantage. Viscount MArfoN, in acknowledging the toast, ad verted to knowl elge which historians in turn derived from the labours of painters and sculptors. The PRESIDENT gave "The health of the President of the Board of Trade, in connexion with the Schools of Design and the Department of Practical Art at Marl borough-house." Mr. CARDWELL returned thanks, briefly alluding to the advances made in the arts by British manufacturers, and painting out the benefit likely thereby to be con ferred upon the commerce of the country. The PRESIDENT then gave " Success to the Crystal Palace at Sydenham," which, contained, he said, a complete collection of works of ancient and modern art —antique, rnedileval, and modern, and examples of architecture so arranged as to give a complete impres sion of the character of the original monuments. The PRESIDENT nex t gave t h e concluding toast, the " Possessors of works of art who occasionally open their galleries and collections to the public, and who occa sionally send specimens of their works to the British Institution." (Cheers.) The president left the chair shortly after 10 o'clock, and, after a brief glance round the saloons, which were like the east-room, brilliantly lighted up for the occa sion, the guests dispersed. Viennese telegraphic despatches have passed, since the commencement of the war between Russia and Turkey. Another important line of railway runs north-east of Vienna—with a branch to Olmutz—to Cracow in Poland. This presents a means of 'facile intercommunication between the Austrian and Russian Courts. Another important line of railway runs north-west from Vienna to Prague, in Bohemia, but beyond that town we need not follow it. The most important of these lines of rail way to Austria, in a commercial point of that view, is that from Vienna to Trieste ; and at the present time it is more than ever valuable, as the close of the Soulineh mouth of the Danube, by the Russians, renders that river, below Vienna, useless to the Austrians as a chan nel of export. The steam commerce of the Danube, which has been justly looked upon Austria as of the highest importance, has been much abridged by the through traffic being impeded. Returning to the course of theDannbe. Having passed Presburg, it receives at Cornorn and Gran respectively the tributaries Wang and Gran, both of which rise in the Tatra mountains, about 60 miles south of Cracow. A. little to the eastward of Gran—at Waitzen—the river makes a sudden bend to the south, and passing the al most impregnable fortress of Buda-Pesth, runs along the 19th parallel of east longitude for more than 100 miles to Darda, close to the northern boundary of Sciavonia. Here it receives the waters of a considerable river, the Drau, which brings down the molten snow of the Julian Alps and the Carinthian Mountains. From Darda, the Danube runs east and by south past Peterwar dein, to the village of Tittel, where it receives the Theiss. The Theiss is in itself a noble river, forming the main trunk of a thousand reticulations of water work, pouring down an incessant supply from the cloud-fed Carpathians. The country round the Theiss is, as will be remembered, the favourite fighting ground of the Hungarians. When repulsed in their great struggle with the Austrians, they fell back on the Mo rasses of the Theiss • and here, Antmus-like, they re ceived new vigour from their mother earth—assumed the offensive, drove the cohorts of Hapsburg from their tremendous strongholds at Buda and Komorn, and would have achieved the independence of a great nation on the demolished ramparts of Vienna, had not Russian gold and Sarmatian brute force sapped and overwhelmed the patriotism and the gallantry of the still unsubdued Magyars. The most important branch of the Theiss is the river Maros, which brings down to it, from the Car pathians, all the waters of Transylvania, and forms the northern boundary of the Banat, a most important corn growing district of south Hungary, lying immediately to the north of &rvia. From the village of Tittel, the Danube runs south east to Seenlin and Belgrade, where it receives another important tributary, the Save, which brings to it from Croatia and Dalmatia the waters of the Velebich Moun ta ns, and the Dinaric Alps. From Belgrade the Danube flows almost dpe east to New Orsova, where it enters Turkey, and in its course through that country to the Black Sea, forms the natural boundary between Wallachia, Moldavia, and Bessarabia on the north, and Servia and Bulgaria on the south. Ey referring to a correct map of central Europe, with the above description, it will be seen that the Danube and its tributaries pass through some of the richest in agricultural wealth, and the most important of the Eu ropetn territories. It forms grand water ways from the confries of North Italy, Switzerland, France, Saxony, Prussia, and Poland, through the German and Turkish dominions to the Euxine. And thence, through the Mediterranean and Red Seas, and the produce of some of the richest lands in the world may be diffused over the globe. Keeping the circumstances in mind, it will not be wondered at that Russia should be anxious to get at the mouth of this important river. We mark her aggres sive policy, characterised by unflinching and unwearied persistency. In 1792 she crossed the Boug [her then boundary—even this boundary being the result of an aggression], south of the Balta. In 1812 she passed the Dniester, and took possession of Bessarabia, making the Prath the national boundary, and giving the north ern Colossus a foothold on the left bank of the Kilia mouth of the Danube. In 1829 she obtained posses sion of both tanks of the Kilia and Soulineh mouths, and the left tank of the St. George's mouth of the Danube. Thin she obtained the door and the key also to the navigation of the Danube. And how has she used them ? With steady purpose of locking the door, and stopping up the key-hole. Odessa, which she got by the robbery of 2792, is the outlet for the raw produce of Southern Russia. Wallachia, Moldavia, Bulgaria, and the Banat can supply the same sorts of produce, many of them better, and some of them cheaper than Russia could do. The spirited and enterprising Greek mer chants of Braila and Galatz were always ready to buy up this produce, and export it to Italy, France, Eng land, and elsewiere. They even made journeys into the interior, and bought the growing crops, to stimulate the farmers to use Heir utmost exertions, and the results of these exertions were always readily bought, and the superfluity of a thinly populated land of plenty went to be exchanged leer the manufactures of more densely peopled countries, where food enough could not be grown for their own iniabitants. This extending trade of the Danubian provisoes, under the expanding policy of the Turkish Government, was felt by the southern and central provinces of Russia—and the more so because of its restrictive policy. The rival provinces must be checked, and Galatz and Braila must not be allowed to throw Odessa into the shade. So quarantine establish ments are erected at the mouths of the Danube— ostensibly to prevent the ingress or egress of the plague—but in reality to delay merchant vessels for several days. Only one of the mouths of the Donube, the Soulineh, is navigable by vessels of any draught of water ; and it is liable to be choked by the sand from the mountain ranges whence the Danube rolls down Earnest representations are made to Russia by England, and other powers, that the channel is becoming un-navi ble. Russia diplomatises at first, and then sends to England for a dredging machine. But before this arrives three or four Russian ships are sunk, accidentally of course, in the channel ; and when the machine does arrive, it soon, accidently also, gets out of order, and refuses to work. The design f Russia in rendering the transit of raw commodities out of the Danubian principalities tedious, dangerous and costly, is thus effected, and the potency of their rivalry with her own territories is di minished. Another design of Russia—transparent enough of latter years—is to get possession of both banks of the Danube in Turkey. This would give her the con trol of a great portion of Europe's commerce ; and with a toll-house at the mouth of the Danube, she might tax it as she pleased. But her third and grandest de sign—the purpose of all her Sovereigns, from Peter the Great downward—is to get Constantinople—the key to the Mediterranean, Black Sea, and India. The two objects already mentioned are only subsidiary to this ; she would weaken and degrade Turkey before conquer ing it. To this end she assured Moldavia and Walla chia, of her "protection," and subsequently took pos session of them as a material guarantee, to be held while a little matter of purely Christian faith was settled between himself and the Sultan. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. MALTON RACES.-SATURDAY. The LANGTON STAKES, of 5 sous each, p p, with 20 added ; two-yr-olds, 7st ; three, 9st ; allowances and penalties ; the second to save his stake. Straight half mile. 10 subs. Mr. C. Peck's Lord Hill, 3 yrs (Holmes) 1 Mr. Gibbs's Monimia, 3 yrs (Wells) 2 Mr. J. Scott's Cypriana, 2 yrs' (Dickson) 3 Mr. Shepherd's Ann Elizabeth, 2 yrs (Ashmall) 4 Betting—Even on Lord Hill, 6 to 4 agst Cypriana. Won by half a length ; bad third. The CONVIVIAL HANDICAP, of 10 ROVE; each, h ft, and 3 only if declared, with 50 added ; the second to save his stake ; winners extra. One mile. 37 subs, 14 of whom declared. Mr. G. B. Cornish's Captain Cornish, 4 yrs, let 61b (Wells) 1 Mr. Wilson's Ann Eliza, 4 yrs, 7st (Ashmall) 2 Mr. B. Way's Brocket, 4 yrs, 7st Sib (Chilman) 3 Mr. C. Peck's The Puritan, 5 yrs, 7st 21b (Charlton) 4 The following also ran :—Mr. W. I'Anson's Braxey, 5 yrs, 7st 4lb (including 51b extra), (Hayhoe) ; Mr. J. Henderson's Patience, 4 yrs, 6st 91b (including 51b extra) (Boyes) ; Mr. G. Burton's Jetty Treffz, 3 yrs, sst 21b (Whittington) ; Mr. Reynard na Penitent, 3 yrs, 4st 101 b (Wood). Betting-6 to 4 agst Puritan, 4to 1 agst Captain Cornish, and 5 to 1 each agst Patience and Ann Eliza. Won by a length ; same distance between second, third, and fourth. The FAREWELL STAKES of 10 sovs, each, h ft, with 40 added, for two year olds ; colts, Bst 71b ; fillies, Bst 41b. The second to save his stake. Optional selling allowances, &c. Straight half mile. 5 subs. Mr. H. Lister's Dinah (301.) Mr. Grove's The Baronet (301.) (Basham) 2 Mr. G. Barton's Poor Dick (301.) (Charlton) 3 Mr. Byrne's Tom Tit (301.) (Watson) 4 Betting—Even on Dinah, 6to 4 agst Baronet. Won by a length and a half ; a length between second and third. The TALLY-HO HANDICAP of 10 SOTS. each, h ft, with 20 added. Gentlemen riders ; professionals 61b extra. One mile and a half. 7 subs. Mr. Gregson's Trio, 4 yrs, lOst 31b (Owner) 1 Mr. Smith's Determination, 4 yrs, 9st 71b (Mr. Boynton) 2 Mr. Gent's Westwood (b b), 5 yrs, lOst 7th (Captain Haworth) 3 Mr. G. Barton's The Surveyor, 5 yrs, llst Sib (Mr.Beart) 4 Betting-6 to 4on Surveyor, sto 2 agst Westwood, 4to 1 agst Determination. A fine race, ended in a dead heat between Trio and Determination. Deciding Heat —6 to 4on Determination. Trio won easily by three lengths. The ORIGINAL WELHAM CIIP of 50 sovs., by subscribers of 5 sovs, each, for horses not thorough bred, &c. Gentlemen riders, 13st each. Two miles. 10 subs. Mr. H. Strickland's Alfred Tennyson, aged...(Owner) 1 Mr. Willoughby's na Dr. Hawtrey, 5 yrs (Mr Peart) 2 Mr. J. Crofton's b m by Delirium, yrs (Mr. Gregson) 3 Mr. C. Reynard's Luck's All, aged (Mr Wellfit) fell. Betting-5 to 4on Alfred Tennyson, 6to 4 agst Doctor Hawtrey. Won in a canter by three lengths. The SPECULATION PLATE of 25 sovs. added to a sweep stakes of 5 sovs. each ; the second to save his stake ; three-yr-olds and upwards. Optional selling allow ances. One mile and a-half. 7 subs. Mr. Gibbs's Penitent 3 yrs (301.) (Wood) 1 Mr. Gibbs's Monimia 3 yrs (301.) (Bates) 2 Captain Reynard's Vinaigrette, 4 yrs (301.) (Mr. Thompson) 3 The following also ran :—Hotehpot and Tomboy. NEWMARKET FIRST SPRING MEETING. HORSES ARRIVED SINCE OUR LAST PUBLICATION.— Brigadier, Sussex, Contender, Lady Bird, Boiardo, Meteora, Scythian, Umbriel, Apollonius, Honeysuckle, Sortie, Middlesex, Bay Celia, Alembic, Champagne, Lady Flora, Indiana, Acrobat, Applause, and f by Touchstone out of Muscovite's dam. The recent rains have greatly improved the condition of the running, and the prospect encourages hopes of capital sport and a full meeting. NEWMARKET RACES—Tins DAT. Five races are set for to-day. The first, a match, w be at half past two. RACING FIXTURES FOR 1854. MAY. Lothians and EdinburghlB Lewes l9 Bath 23 Liverpool Hunt Spring 24 Epsom 30 TE. Bibury Stockbridge ........ ..29 Ludlow '3O Winchester 3O Newmarket F S Chester Spring 9 Lothians & Edinburgh 11 Newmarket S S l6 Shrewsbury lB JU: Manchester Ascot Heath. l3 Newcastle-on-Tyne 20 Hampton 91 Carlisle 26 JII: Newmarket Worcester 4 Lancaster 6 Mansfield ll Liverpool l2 Ipswich 13 AIIC Brighten Brighton Club 4 Wolverhampton Yarmouth 8 Reading Odiham 9 North Staffordshire 9 Wolverhampton l4 SEPT] Warwick Lichfield Western Meeting 7 Rochegter and Chatham 7 Doncaster 12 Pontefract 18 York 23 Hereford 24 Eccles Chelmsford 29 Derby • 29 Plymouth 30 Lincoln 3l :MBER. Bedford 19 Leioester 2O Manchester Autumn 2l Lanark .25 Newmarket F 0 26 Northallerton 2B RAIL WAY INTELLIGENCE. GREAT INDIAN PENINSULA. The half-yearly meeting of this company was held on Friday at the offices, New Broad-street ; Mr. W. J. Hamilton in the chair. Mr. Nicholson read the report, an abstract of which appeared in The Sun, of Friday. The CHAIRMAN, in moving the adoption of the report, stated that the second section of the line from Tannah to Callian would be open for traffic on the Ist of May. The receipts on the first section of the line, from Bombay to Tannah, 22 miles in length, amounted, from its opening on the 18th April to the 31st December, 1853, to 8,9631., and the expenses to 4,1141., leaving a profit of 4,8491. The cost of that portion of the line to Tannah, 22 miles in length, had been about 10,0001. a mile, or 220,0001., and the balance upon the first seven months' working would give them a return at the rate of about 3.1 per cent, per annum on that outlay, and that, too, notwith• standing that as yet they had received no goods traffic, which they had always looked to as their principal source of revenue, and which they would no doubt receive when the line was extended in the direction of the Ghauts. Ho thought, therefore, they had a certainty that in a very short time the line would pay them the 5 per cent. gua ranteed to them. By the last accounts it appeared that the first portion of the south-east line, a distance of 12 or 13 miles towards Poonah, was being rapidly prooceeded with, and that the expense would not exceed 7,0001. a mile. The surveys both to the north-east and the south east were being rapidly proceeded with ; and, since the last meeting, they had sent out a large engineering staff to India to prosecute surveys before the extension lines were determined upon. From all that had taken place, however, the directors had no doubt that the line, as originally projected, through the Ghauts to Kandeish, Thefro mB furtherom - bwould extension o be the e tehf the n north-western t thoeteral d i line l t b e ed provincest w a s e n h e C t a r 1 ou l i f na India. d line d Chaun pore was rapidly advancing, but the period for opening could not as yet be fixed upon. The Governor of Bombay had taken great interest in their progress, and had personally inspected several of their projected extensions ; and he (the chairman) thought there was little doubt the line, by the Bhore Gauts as originally projected, would be the one adopted. There could be no doubt that the railways would prove of great benefit to the Government, by the rapidity with which the troops might be removed ; an d upon a recent occasion a detachment of 600 troops were conveyed from Bombay to Tannah in less than three hours, and the relief conveyed from Tannah to Born , bay in the same space of time, whereas, under the old system, four or five days would have been occupied in the operation. When Lord Hardinge was Governor- General in 1846, he had estimated that 50,0001. per annum might be saved, in the removal of troops, by the introduction into India of railways, and they would, therefore, see what immense advantages were likely to accrue to the Government from the railways now in course of construction. (Hear, hear.) Colonel GRANT seconded the resolution, and a short conversation ensued, in which it was stated that, as the line was originally projected, the gradients through the Ghauts had been for a considerable distance laid down as 1 in 20 ; they had since been reduced to 1 in 35 for 81- miles ; and by a more recent survey, for 5 miles, and it was believed that even more favourable gradients might yet be discovered. The report was then adopted, and the retiring direc tors and auditors re-elected. The meeting was then made special, when the bill now before Parliament for amending the acts of the company was approved. This bill provides, after securing to the original proprietors their guarantee of 5 per cent., that the surplus profits shall go to increase the 41 per cent. guarantee on the extension capital to 5 per cent., after which each class of shares will rateably participate in any additional receipts. A vote of thanks to the chairman closed the proceed ings. DEMERARA. The annual meeting of this company was held at the London Tavern on Friday—Mr. J. R. Carmichael in the chair. Mr. W. R. COLE read the advertisement convening the meeting and the report, which says :-- "At the special meeting of proprietors held in Octo ber last, authority was given to the directors to borrow the sum of 20,0001., under the colonial guarantee of in terest for a term of years, for the purpose of finishing the line to Mahaica, and providing additional, plant to ac cominodate the traffic. In consequence, however, of the state of the money market, the directors have thought it advisable to defer the negotiation of the loan until a more favourable opportunity; but of the 20,000/. then au thorised contracts have been entered into for the supply of such rolling stock as was absolutely essential, and some necessary wore have been constructed in the col - - c'n37. -- Lit 1 The main line is now finished t o D oc hf our ( ma ki ng a length of nearly 18 miles of rail and four miles of sidings), and the branch from thence to the southern bank of the Mahaica, canal is now in course of construction, and will, in terms of the Ordinance No. 4, 1854, be com pleted for the accommodation of plantations, Ann's grove, Three Friends, Clonbrook, Beehive, Greenfield, Grove, Orange Nassau, and Unity, on or before the 20th July next. The consent of the Colonial Legislature for fixing the Mahaica terminus at the point suggested by the general manager has been obtained, and this work will be undertaken so soon as arrangements can be made for carrying into effect the authority given to the board at the last meeting for raisiug the requisite funds. The capital account of the company has been kept distinct from the revenue, and the receipts of the line during the last six months show an increase of nearly 1,0001. over • the corresponding period of last year. The revenue account does not, however, exhibit that satisfactory result which might have been anticipated owing to the enormous increase in the cost of stores, fuel, and freight, notwithstanding the exertions that have been made to keep down these expenses. The traffic is steadily on the increase, as will be seen from the following statement of half-yearly receipts, viz. : Half-year, end ing September, 1851, 4,9441. 7s. 9d. ; ditto, 1852 5,632/, 15s. 10d. ; ditto, 1853, 6,233/. Is. 9d. ; ditto March, 1852, 6,690/. Os. Bd. ; ditto, 1853, 6,718/. 9s. 9d.; ditto, 1854, 7,6441. 12s. 9d. The directors feel confident that, on the completion of the railway, a much larger revenue will be secured at a very slight addition to the present working expenses. The arrangements for the receipt and delivery of goods have been remodelled, with the view of economising the working expenses, and expedit ing the business of the company. The rolling stock is maintained in efficient working order, and the number of goods trucks have been increased from 60 to 82. The permanent way has been improved by the lowering of some of the bridges, and is now in excellent order. The trains run with regularity." .... The accounts showed, as the debtor side of the capital account to original stock, 135,1681. 15s. 2d. ; preference stock, 16,8971. ; loan on mortgage, 49,0001. ; ditto on bonds, 32,000/. • due to sundry creditors, 6,5301. 13s. 4d. ; total, 239,5961. Bs. 6d. On the creditors' side of the account, it appeared that there had been expended up to the period of the last report, 223,745/. 19s. Bd. ; and during the past half year, 6,1861. Os. 3d. (the princi pal item of which was travelling, commission, law, and general expenses, 3,4351.) ; leaving as cash balances and value of stores in hand, 9,9521. Bs. 7d. The traffic receipts for the half year had been 7,6441. 12s. 9d. ; and the general expenditure, 5,444/. 9s. 'id. ; which with interest on loans aed preference stock, 2,1101. 3s. 4d., left a balance of 901 . i n f avour o f t h e company. The CHAIRMAN, in moving the adoption of the report, stated that the principal portion of the item of 3,435/. above alluded to was for commission in raising 26,0001. on loan at 6 per cent., which had placed them iu a very good position ; and he believed that the loan could not have been raised under better terms. The directors had not taken any steps for raising the 20,0001., which they were authorised to borrow under the colonial guarantee of interest for the completion of the line to Mahaica, thinking that in the present state of the money market it was better to wait and see what turn political events might take, and which, perhaps, might lead to their rais ing the money on more advantageous terms than they could now do. They had still in their hands a balance of 1,0071. 73 per cent, preference stock unissued, and they had received an offer from a responsible party to take it all off their hands at par. In the first instance, however, it was thought but fair to offer it to the pro prietors ; and if they did not avail themselves of it, the directors would feel themselves at liberty to accept the offer. After a short conversation, the report was adopted and the retiring directors and auditors re-elected. The usual vote of thanks closed the proceedings. DESCRIPTION OF THE DANUBE. (From Notes from the Seat of War.) With the exception of the Volga, the Danube is the [ongest river of Europe ; and, with the exception of two others—the Nile in Africa, and the Amazon in South America—it is the longest river in the world. It is one thousand eight hundred miles in length, and flows through some of the most remarkable and most fertile districts of Europe. The history of the Danube is coeval with that of the ancient Greeks and Romans ; and the curious in olden story will find many particulars with reference to this noble river in Herodotus, Strabo, Pliny, and other classic writers. Its course is from east to west, with a southward inclination ; which latter is the more marked after it has entered Turkey, where it forms a line almost parallel with the Balkan mountains to Rossova, whence it makes an abrupt bend to the north, continuing that course to Galatz. From Galatz it flows due east into the Black Sea. The source of the Danube proper is in the mountain dis tricts of the Black Forest, near about the boundary line between Wurtemburg and Baden. Atßatisbon it receives from the north a considerable tributary, which brings down to it the melted snows of the mountains which form the natural boundaries between Bohemia and Saxony. From the south, and before it reaches Vienna it receives the waters of the Lech, the Isser, the Inn, the Salza, and other con siderable streams, which are nurtured among the gla ciers of the Tyrolese Alps. After it has flowed past the palaces of Vienna, and before it reaches Presburg, one of the capital towns of Hungary, it receives the waters of the March, and its tributaries, which form the natu ral drain-pipes of Moravia, from the mountains of Bo hemia on the west and north, to the Carpathians on the east. On one of the tributaries of the March, stands the town of Olmutz, distinguished by the recent pre sence, pacific protestations, and grand military mass of the Emperor of Russia. Before tracing the Danube be yond Presburg, we will return to Vienna, to point out the facilities of communication which modern science has given to Austria. Southward from Vienna, an im portant line of railway extends to the port of Tri es t e , at the head o f th e G u lf o f V en i ce . Thi s sou th ern rail way passes through, or by, and unit e s the t owns o f Nenstadt, B ruc k , G ratz, Pettan, Cilli, Laybach, and Gorit za. F rom Neustadt, another railway runs east throu g h Raab, Waitzen, Pesth, and on to Debrecein, east of the Theiss river. We may remark here that it is along this latter railway that so many of the lying THE BALKANS.-21.1UMLA. The gloomy and rocky defiles of the Balkans are still at this day as impenetrable as when Darius passed them from the south, ,five hundred years before the Christian era. For centuries the rich and fertile delta, which lies between the Carpathians, the Balkans, and the Black Sea, has lain unused, and its immense resources have remained almost unknown to Europe. And yet nature has lavishly endowed these magnificent regions, while the Danube offers them an easy outlet, and a means of communication with all the rest of the world. Why, then, are they so neglected ? The cause is not far to seek. As the constant battle-field of every nation, these vast plains have been periodically devasted by war at each great historical period, and hence so far from lamenting the mountain chains which shut them in, the inhabitants of these countries have hitherto regarded them as bulwarks against invasion, rather than as ob stacles to their commercial relations. This fact explains why the Balkans are so little known, and why the practicable passes still remain in their pri mitive state. As regards the former point, the general state of knowledge is so imperfect, that the celebrated historian of Turkey, Von Hammer, reduces the defiles of the principal chain to seven only, whilst by a paper lately read before the Royal Geographical Society of London, it appears that the real number is much greater. The author of that paper, General Jochmus, states that with the express object of studying the entire chain from Cape Emineh (finis II lii) to Tirnova, situate at the foot of the mountain between Schipka and Dransva, he creased it seven times in a zigzag direction—that is, from Messambria to Sudshib, from there to Aschly, from Aschly to Dobrak, from Dobrak to Carnabat, from Carnabat to Kasan, from Kasan to Selimneh, and from Selirnneh to Tirnova. lie also explored the little chain of the litmus in the same way and crossed it from Tir nova to Osmanbazar, from that place to Kasan, from Kasan to Ozalikavak, from Ozalikavak to Koprikoi, from Koprikoi to Shumla, from Shutnla. to Paravadzo, and from Paravadzo to Varna. The highest point of the chain beyond Monastirkoi is 2,000 feet above the level of the sea, the pass itself being situate at a height of 1,800 feet. It leads to Bana, a village 12 miles south of Messambria, passing through dense forests of oaks, by the roads used by the waggons that convey wood and iron to Messambria. Shunola lying at the foot of the Balkans, is a strategic position of extreme importance. It is strongly fortified by nature, and art has created additional means of de- fence which render it almost impregnable. The Turks have given it the appellation of Ghazi (victorious). This town is the key of the valley which extends from the Balkans to the sea ; it commands the principal pass of the chain, and like Roustchuk and Silistria, is one of the stages on the road to Constantinople. Shumla contains a population of about 35,000 inhabi tants, aml•covers a surface of between two and three miles in length by one mile in width. It stands at the foot of a wooded hill GOO or 700 feet in height, which half surrounds the town like an amphitheatre. The greater part of the ancient entrenchments no longer exists, but the hill which protects the town is steep and inaccessible—qualities which have been taken advantage of in constructing the modern fortifications, which are upon the European system. The ports, redoubts, and casemates which now guard Shuinla rende rit a very formidable place. The positions of these new works have been carefully chosen, so as to cover all tli e ravines and defiles leading to the camp, and to def e r i d t h e h i gh roa d to th e grea t pass o f t h e Balkans, wl iich i s on ly thi r ty miles from Shumla. The passa ge of the Balkans by a hostile force is, there fore, almost i m p oss ibl e ; and as long as the flags of England and France cover the coasts of the Black Sea, the chain , cannot be turned. Tho position of the Turks is excellent, supported as it is by impregnable fortifica tions and impassable mountains, whilst, on the other hand, the Russians, at the least check, might be thrown back on tb,e Danube, and forced to return to the Prinei- ; palities,--Monitxr 2"7°U6' ~_ Stourbridge Stamford - lB Nottingham 2O Goodwood 25 Ripon 81 UST. SHIPPING INT ELLIGENCE, CUSTOM-HOUSE, APRIL 29. ENTERED INWARDS.--;The Aalborg, f rom Udd ewa ll a ; Statesman, Port Philip; - Tallentire, Mazatlan; Mehemet Ali, Madras and Coringa ; Catherine, Buenos Ayres; Albion, Madras and Pondicherry; Sylph, Leghorn and Nice ; Spirit of the North, Calcutta ; Hall, Dantzic ; Earl of Derby, Mauritius ; President Schmidt, Baltimore ; Ohpaaende Sol, Frederickshalde ; Velocipede, Marianople ; Caroline, Nakshow; Aquila, Santander; Maria Theresa, Walgast ; Dorothea Elizabeth, do. ; Anna, do.; Irene, Malaga ; Emma, Stettin ; Sn. Elsprit, Marseilles ; Chris ' tiana Packet, Drontheim ; Johanna Amel a, Lisbon ; Svanhide, Leghorn. ENTERED OUTWARDS FOR LOADING.—The Princess Alice, for Melbourne; Eleanor, Mauritius • Forester, Dunkirk; Uranus, Harburg; A ra b, Malaga, Mauritius; Video, and Buenos Ayres ; Ardjoens, Sydney. CLEARED OUTWARDS WITH CARGO.—The Jonge Jan, for Hamburgh and Harburg ; Ajax, Altona ; Emanuel, do. ; City of the Sultan, Constantinople ; Mystery, Ber bice ; Murray, Hamburgh and Harburg ; Maria Stella, Morlaix and Brest ; Jamaica, Antigua ; Echo, Ch er b ourg ; Ocean Queen, New York ; Amazon, Copenhagen; Relam pago, Havannah Ysabel Segundo, Santander and Carrel ; Raphael, Sydney, N.S.W. ..28 LIvERPoor, April 29.—The Irene, of Liverpool, from London to Melbourne, was destroyed by tire on the li ne when 30 days out.—The Tay, from Callao, off Queenstown to-day, and proceeded to this port. YsTAD, April 24.—The Salamander, from Konigsberg with pumps out of order. has been hr0,, 47 1. here to-day, and will very likely have to discharge. FREDERICKSHAVN, April 22.—The Hinda, of Whitby, from England to Swinemunde, has put in here to repair, having been on shore on Ruberg Strand, and thrown part of her cargo overboard. ANTWERP, April 28.—The Alert, from Antwerp to Liverpool, has broken her foretopmast in the river. The William, from Foo•cbo-foo to London, was in contact about 1.20 a.m. yesterday off Kythe with a vessel name unknown, was thrown on her broadside, and lost maintopsail yard, forerigging, chain plates, bulwarks, rails, some sheathing, etc., securing her foremast, and repairing the damage. She was brought in the South Foreland anchorage. NEW YORK, April 13.—The Celestial, arrived here from London, reports having passed in lat. 51 N. long. 56 W. the Rounder (ship), of Liverpool, waterlogged and aban doned April 14. The Richard Alsop, from Liverpool to Alexandria, was on shore near the Wolf Trap, Ch esapea l ie Bay; assistance has been sent to her. The Northumber land, which arrived here on April 11 from London and Portsmouth, encountered a hurricane on the 12th in lat. 47 N. long. 4 W., when she had all three topmasts carried away, was hove on her beam ends, and had to thro .v over board 60 tons of cargo to right the vessel. VESSELS SPOKEN WITH. The Glaucus, from Iquique to Liverp oo l , M arch 3, lat. 52 S., long. 52 W. The Rebecca Jane, from Callao to Bristol, April 13, lat. 40 N , long. 29 W. The Sarah (barque), steering W., 21st, lat. 51, N., long. 13 W. The Queen (schooner), from Liverpool, lat. 49 N., long. 9 W. The Lucy Munro, bound W. 10th, lat. 49 N. long. 10 W The Eccles, from Liverpool to Coquimbo, Feb. 25, lat. 67 S., long. 64 W. with loss of foremast head close to the rigging, and maintop-gallantmast. The La Serena, from Coquimbo to London, March 18, lat. 15 S., long. 25 W. The Marquis of Londonderry, from Shanghai and Singa pore to London, Jan. 18, lat. 9 S., long. 102 E. The Edward (barque) of Dovonport, April 12 lat. 48 N. long. 21 W. The Mountain Maid, of Dundee, for Melbourne, Feb. 2, lat. 35 S., long. 18 E. The Rodney, from Trinidad to Bristol, April 24, lat. 50 N., long. 13 W The Countess of Durham, from Shields to Quebec, April 21, lat. 51 N., long 11 W. The Koning Willem 11., from Hartlepool to Batavia, March 1, Ist. 2 N., long. 18 W. The Thate, from Sydney to London, Jan. 17„ lat. 56 S., long. 68 W. The Quito (supposed), outward bound, 16th, lat. 19 S., long. 68 W. The Mary Ann, from Callao to Cork, same day, lat. 20 S., long. 29 W. The Bramin, outward bound, 17th lat. 18 S. long. 28 W The Maria Jacobs, from London, 19th lat. 14 S. lonm • 28 W. Tho James Drake, from Cardiff to Havanna, April 5, lat. 27 N., long. 47 W. The Bengal homeward bound, Aprill9. The John Bright, from Mauritius to London, lat. 48 N, long. 22 W. The Mary, from Cardiff to Quebec, April 16, lat. 51 N., long. 10 W. The Queen of the West, from New York, April 24, long. 11. NEWSPAPER WRITING.—Though everybody affects secrecy, it is a secret known to all the town, that almost every competent man in political life has now and then used the newspaper press, the most powerful engine there is for acting upon opinion. An acquaint ance of ours, calling on one of the bishops, had to wait beside him until he finished a leader for a daily paper. Several political chiefs affects little secrecy respecting the fact of their contributing to newspapers, thoughir they of course do not wi s h to be identified with all t contributions. " You may think it very easy to write an article for a newspaper,' , said a Cabinet ,, Minister at a public dinner recently, " but try t. In truth, to write a good leader on an occurrence l a the hodr, acute and ready in its arguments, and humorous or forcible in its illustrations, with the brief statements of facts, and the skilful management of personalities which it de mands in reference both to the newspaper and its p ar t y , is one of the most difficu lt of all kinds of composition. The political pamphletstrung is a series of leaders toge ther, according to a unity of its. own. Noboay needstobe told that, perhaps, the most piquant and powerful, certainly the most successful, of political pamphlets of late years, was the pamphlet published by Mr. Bulwer when the death of the late Earl Spencer occasioned an intrigue which ousted a Ministry in a day.--Westmin ster Review. A NOTABLE HISTORICAL FACT.—Wheat was first sown in North American colonies in 1602, on the Eliza beth Islands, in Massachusetts, by Gosnold, at the time he explored that coast. That has been just 252 years ago, and since that time so great has been the increase of this cereal, that in the year 1849, according to the census of 1850, th e pro d uct amounted to 100,503,899 bushels. Up to 1610, and perhaps later, England sup plied the colonies with the greater part of their bread stufs. How changed is it now ? All Earope is looking to us for bread. The cry of famine reaches us with the arrival of every steamer, and we respond by sending car go in the Wake of cargo from our abundance to save them from starvation. The bread sent to the colonies 1610 was not cast upon the waters never more to return. Two. hundred and forty-four years afterwards it rolls back in a continuous stream to gladden the hearts of half-fainished millions in England, France, and Belgium. The descendants of mbn originally lashed and scourged from their shores, and forced to make their future habi tations beneath the shades of an almost bouudless wil derness, bleak, desolate, and uninviting, more humane than the taskmasters of their fathers, are now striving , to return good for what was considered an evil, by sup- PlYing them with bread.--Anzerica 2 t Prior. COUNTRY MARKETS. HA DDINGTON—APRIL 28. e !' The supplies of a ll ki n d s of grain larger, except , bal ke; —The bellowin g are the prices of grain at our Ini" to-day : wumAr. BARLEY. First B6s Od 43s 6d Second 7Bs kid 41s lid Third 6Bs Od 36s Od Total quantity of wheat in market, barley ~ oats SI PP beans P. Average of wheat Ditto of Barley . ......... Ditto of Oats ......... Ditto of Beans .. ...... OATS. sot. 36s Oct 523 P 353 Oa 4 , 14 M 30s Od 43s ° d 255 qrs., 181 801 220 qrs., 213 001' 532 qrs., 491 00 1 d 219 qrs., 191 di • '43 18 5 9-120 is . 2 1 11 0-12ths • 1 15 0 5-12ths . 2 8 8 9-12 tbs PP Pf DALKEITH GRAIN MARKET—APRIL 21. A e"' Wheat on the t o p t o -d ay is 68 up, current Pr' ; be l fora and the lowest 2 s Od, d own. Oats on the top area' Bald current price is Od up, and the lowest the same• old on the top as last market, the current price 9d 111) :„r, the lowest 6s 6,1 up. Peas and beans on the top 68 current price 18 up, and the lowest 7s Od up. rior' Infe Qrs. B es t. Current. 246 Wheat MB5 Od 687 Oats 37 s 4d. d 209 Barley 43 s 6d 84 Peas & bean s 59 i Od 3 73 5 8 4 s s s ° 9 B A i ''' ... ... ..... ............. c .91' 1 18 0 0 0; 49s Od. ......... Averaue of wheat, 3/. 13s Lid. ABERDEEN—APRIL 28. 34s O a ; The prices of grain t o -d ay are—Oats, 33s Od pet „let 401bs per bushel; ne w oa t s , 00s Od to 00s 0(1, 4111 b bushel ; b ere, 37 s 6d to 3s Od, 531bs per bushel ;, 1) odic 37s 6d t o 38 s Od, 531bs per bushel • w heat, red, ( 104 708 Od, 62104 per bushel ; wh ea t, white, 76s Od to boil; 621bs per bushel • oatmeal, 2 7 )s 6d to 26s fid P e t r e lbt flour, 60 s Oil d i g Od per sazk. Provisions—Boil , 6d to 8d ; mutton, ditto, 6cl t)Bd ; veal, ditto, 6d Od; pork, per lb, Os 6d to OS 8d • salmon, per lb, 2s Od to od; rabbits, each, Od t o Od ;- tallow, per stone, 5 ,9 d to Os i o; potatoes, per peck:, Od to is Od ; butter, per lb, 10(i i° o4 10 eggs, per doz, Os 5d to Os 7d ; hens, per pair , r, °PO 3s 6(1 ; chi c k ens , ditt o, 2 s 6d to Os Od ; ~,o r! to 3s 0l ; ducklings, ditto, 2s 6d to Os Od " — bag' each, 3.4 01 t o 4 s Od ; geese, ditto, 4s Gd to 5 s 0d Ana ; - 0,1; for exriortation (present cure), per cwt 80s to ' r ice, ditto (summer cured), 00s to 00s Od ; eggs, wholesaleper dozen, 5d t o Od ; 4 1b loaf, 9d • 21b loaf, 44d ;ogroa; fine small, O s Od t o .'s Od ; pork, large Os Od f 0 440151 lamb, per qr „ 7.3 6(1 to Cd ; chees e , per impend 5s 6d to 7s. DUB:.oAr, 28. White wheat, 40, 0,1 44s LIN— Od m , red d 0 ' itto 39 s to ses i barley, 16 6 64 t o 22s 6cl; oats, 15s 6d t o 18s 6d ; r a r s e teo OOs Oilto 00s 04 per b r l ; oa t meal, 16s 64 to 1 8 s Od I n 425 Qd flour, 22s Od t o 27 s Od per cwt ; Ittaiau corn, 303 Oa per 48n1bs. RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS. LIVERPOOL, APRIL 29. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The share market has beqolo/ better to-day, but without much business d c ost being the Ist o f M ay i s a h o li day at the Stock ci l a yos; Aberdeen, 11i ; C a l e d on i an, 26i ; Lancashire s u i c ilso l shire, 604 1; London and. North-Western 964 ;13.16. 581 ; North B r iti s h, 7 9-16 ; S outh-Eastern, 11 BIRMINGHAM, APRIL 29 . 11 STOCK EXCHANGE.—The railway share m arke.r, - h oo to-day, but little business was transacted on 14 1 ° Local Stocks we re chiefly in request. Midland S" Pc ere done at 58g. Amon g th e conc l u di ng quotations , u w We* East Lancashir e , b u y ers a t 59 ; London and No r ' . e ller* ern, buyers 96, selle rs 96i ; Midl an d , b uyers 581 5 ditto 58..1 ; ditto 'Birmingham and Derby), buyers 35 jhre lfr, Four-and-a-Half p er C en t. P re f ., b uyers dis. ; bury and Birmingham, buyers 50 ‘ i ; ditto (Loi re fer North-Western G uaran t ee d) , b uyers 5 0 1 ; ditto seatll ence, buyers si ; Shropshire Union, buyers 4 dig'; Staffordshire,- buyers 2i dis. STOCK EXCHANGE.--- MA.NCH Ther EST e were onIER, APRIL t w 290 sales tetli y prices ranging so me thi ng higher. Dovers, 17 134 Lancashire, 148 n. SEABORNE MAILS. at. ol (N .Ig - riffles that the mall s are sent from the General p - by till night—and Al by the morning —despatch.) ~...... a sclis Day when mad u, From MIA 4 „,, 1 . COUN CRIES. in General Post- Port "glall, Office, London.* Dispatche , ------- --- ' - tmerica(byltrit.pack)N E very F r i day .. Liverpool Esc h sl' ' America (by United Sts. PA r il 26 packet) .... •• • • ..N May 2 ........ . Liverpool Imerica (by U States a packet) .... • • ....N Ap r il 25 .. ...... • Southamptonlll.4l Australia (via South -1 29 " 1 ampton) ........ M , May 4 .... . SouthamPton 4 lo e Ditto (via Marseilles) li'May 8 • ortsis Ditto (via Cape of G oo d , ll'ilc Hope) ...... • ....• N June 1.. 0 . , I Africa ( West Coast) ..N9.3d of the month . (Plymouth ,• 1 , 2 9 Alexandria. .... • .... N i B, 9, 24, & 30 of m 'Dover ... Alexandria..........!] loth & 20th of MOP SOLlthaltlptO: hl al 1 Bahamas ..... •• .. .. M' 17th of the monl' SouthamP , : n oy . „, Belgium .......... ..N, Daily.. .. .. .... Dover ... ~ •.,`,i a y 17, Brazil ..............M,9th of the month.. Southamp I (~, ~a , le Buenos Ayres ........M ,9th of the month .. South.= ry( ~''' ' Cape of Good Elope ..N!l4th ot the mon I•l37o a t i t ,i th p,„, Cape of Good Hope .. Nit 4tn of the month . 6not " goon r t....., ~.. v...a., i , 26 Ceylon (see India) . N 14th of the month i Southampton , !Aprli 961. Ceylon ..............N 14th, of the mo , ntr. Channel fales ........N 'Mon ~Wed.,&i, rid Southampton To 1 Chili-- ..........111 2d &17th of mo n t Seuthatnptoh Mal China (see India) 1 0 Constantinople ...... N 7,8,17,21,&27 of ni. Dover .... .. 'Apr- 0 so Constantinople ........,4th Sc. 20tia of mo: Souttnnpm, ~, c oil/ t :ont. of Europe M & NlTlvic, daily ...... Dever .... • , Two °( Egypt (see India) , OW France .... •... M 9: V !Twice daily..... Dove , .. , Mbraltar ... •• . ..11 4,7, 17, 20, 27 of 11, BOUth M 'Ma Greece (see India) • 1 ..," 1 Greytown .... • .....M,2 n d & 17th of mon. Southartu.i, ..,•-•• Hamburgh ........ .. N i Tuesd ay & Frid a London ... ... • • „. Havannah . , ........ m 2nd of the wont. Sour:lamp . .• )1 ,, t 5 i . 1 Holland .... .. ••.... Al Daily.. .. .. • Dover .. .. . • ~,,,l) ' ;' 1 6 Honduras .... •..... M , l7th of the month ,Sou: . .a, p: o:: 1 7, 1 ,',. 4 India ( v iaSouthampt.)M 4th & 20th of mon Plym uth .. 3 ,'„.0 0 India (via Marseilles).M Bth& 24th of month ! ' Dover .....• Ar 2 9 _, 1f lonian Isles (see Indla).7, 1 7, & 27 of Mon Dover.... • • ~.."iced'" Ireland ........M & NiTwice 'tally Lisbon .......• •.....M 7,9, 1 7, & 27 of m Southampton M ay 16 Madeira ............ NI 9tl! or the month SouthamtuoH "",„ - ril 6 Madeira ........ , \ ,231 of month Malta. ...... •... ..,.. '7,17,19,27, 30 Of m 'Dover ...• • . r il 49 - - Ap Mauritius (see India) i . 26 Mauritius .... .A 1 )- .... N 14th of the month 4, • I Mexico ......•.....31'21id of the m on th . Southampton ig ai oil 2 Naples . . • • ..... N : s thlith2sthof mon Dover ...• • • . 3 y I .... Mew (iranada .. .... 11l 121 & 17th of month Southampton ~ ,, .,,,e r tti, New Zelland.... ~ ~,, ..IBy private ship Papal States .......,N s thlsth2 s thofmon Dover ...• ••g a y 6 Peninsula .......... M i 7 thl7th2Eithofmon Southatnpto n n . ... v 1 Peru .............,Ml2cl & 27th of Mon Southampton Port Natal ..........Nl4th or the month Plymouth •.,,,, e 2 Sicily .......... „ ..Nstill sth2stholmon. Dover ..•• •• ~,, 2 pl.- , . Tuscany .. ... .. .. ..N lath IM ,l 2stholinon. Dover .• •• • • may , Venezuela .. ...... . 11112 d & 17th of month Southampton ) Van Diemen 's Land (see I Australia) 1.. •....... >. West Indies .... . , m 2•1 , 176 o mOntv• SouthamP'on gaY ..I --------... i i'l in ,i$ ' When any of these date. fall o i a sunday, the 111 ' i, di I s despatchel on the following illy with the exception oi the In `''- Southampton). and the Malta, both of which will be despa" day preceding. ' [ADVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Pills for Invib -r oese the Weak, and Strengthening the Debilitated. - dic ioe wonderful and efficacious pills are the only Debilitated.,- e t adapted to invigo ra t e wea k ened constitutions, P! l.-- foto low and nervous habits, or those who are s uffering 00 0 bad digestiv e organs, or those whose health h a s be , i l or deranged by bili ous affections, disordered sten-13°0'0s, liver complaints. Th ose affected with coughs, CO to asthma, or sho r t ness o f breath, should have re eeur .li be these inval ua bl e p ill s, as their mighty power s w i c ' ol o• found a certain and efficacious remedy for all these l ife, plaints, imparting, at the same time, strength, n e c l vigour, and buoyancy of spirits to the afflicted, an So ld be taken with perfect safety at any period of life. aho' ~b. by all drug g i s t s ; an d a t P ro f essor H o ll ow ay's est ment, 244, Strand, London. [A Pi VERTISMIE NT.)—A most interestinc recovery from A V- Ast tau pdcation of liiseases, without the aid of medicine, is rec,rded in following letter : "Grateful for the benefit I have derive d from Du Barry's "''e4 lenta Arabica Food, I feel It my duty " Bridgehouse, Frimley , 3 d April, 15.,5.4;ii. to express to you my us fed y, thanks for the invariable kindness I have met with at your liaolf, My case I- an extra v ii nar y one, and as it may benefit of et cut ferers I think it but right to place its dltails at your dispool:,„, have suffered these 33 years con tinually from dlseased lungs, Spit l• of blood, liver derangements , deafness, singing in the ears. eous' e p.ition, debility, shortness of breath and cough , and durinsi i period taken so much m.--dl c ine that I can safely say li u s I have lai d ° ,. 0 upwards of a thousand pounds at the chemist's and doctor's. 11 1, 8 , , my ailments without P :if, actually worn out two medical men during ing any improvement in my health. Indeed I was in utter des s no liver, ostfehmeaalthh, head,hich long ' sin ce deep h and never expected to get over it, when I was fortunate enottga be become acquainted with your Revalenta Arabica, which, Heave all climates,a:tndid of attaining. restored M y a rn n t g .' s a , my bearing perfect, and my recovery is a ni al'r ac utt 1,. ., Lances.—l am, respectful.) , " JasfEs R .trve.l to all my .° 40 ", In cani.ters, suitably packed for MILTS, Wood .31 . .. L. tr ucd Lions-1 lb., 2s 9d ;2P., 45 6d street,. London; 1. ortnu:n,3:fasoTtlil,eani'‘d fined, slb , 22s ;10lb 3 . ewaritshatrurenaliini;r:re" 6. ; 5 lb., 11 , ; 12 lb., 22s : on fined, 01l receipt 01 Yost-office order Marry,tarry, and Co., , ' , „,,jest/ , ~- Deg DlCubo,..7pdunl2,eylbo.ric:tztorblaeg:: :049t., ''iceadillY ; also at 63 • apsid -s e t . r ; e 3 et 3o ;. a 6 n fl d , 4Gsrla,cesetrhanuredh.-stret ' 4 : C O h tford Bishopsgate street , —.of BIRTHS. A SON. On the 27th ult , at OF the :iarsona e, Stubbing e, neer Maideuh ea d, the wife of the Rev. W. H. Skrine• the On the 28th ult., at 35, Brunswick-square, Brighteli, wife of Beaumont Hankey, Esq. OF A DAUGHTER. the On the 27th ult., at York-terrace Regent's-P 1 ",000 wife of T. 0. W. Coster, Esq., late Captaint 4th vr" Guards. On the 27th ult., at Sauchie-house, Stirlingshire, the lady of Captain Eddington, 95th Regiment. MARRIED. oil , On tho 3d of March, at the Cathedral, gong" f hfer °- Henry Donne Brown, Esq., to Ellen, eldest clang -- Sir J. A. Douglas, R.N. N e w to Sir the 25th ult., at St. Nicholas Church, .oe sce Sir upon-Tyne, Wm. Hamilton, second son of the late 0 10 4 Hedworth Williamson, Bart., of Whitburn , u° Esq., oldest daughter of the late Robert Wm. Brandling, of Low Gosforth, in the county of Northumberland. -- DIED. C a roline At Bute-house, Petershom, on the 29th ult., Marchioness Dowager of Queensberry, aged 80. ec , or y, On the 27th inst., at his residence, Swardeston Norfolk, John Tamer Kemp, Bl. ore, On the 27th ult., at 99, street,Mount- Groseenor-sq,lia, Lieut.-Col. G. Nelthorpe, of the West Norfolk 1 51111 aged 3. On 8 the 27th ult., at Dundrum, county of Dubli nt n, i of Rev. J. Joseph Fl e t c h er , D.D., of Dunran , con Wicklow, aged 62. LONDON: Printed and Published by MITBDO YOUI4 of No. 112, St ran d, P r i n ter, at The Sun M oe , No. 1 12 i Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy s hi the cant/ 0 Mickl l oo;ton4eyi May 1 4 1854. ALBEII inpludiro. the I V.VENI 11G, -And StSaturday) ; and Tuesday Stalls, 38. ( which can b 4 •,,*ea, gallery X• OTICE. - Lecture accomP. of CONST ANTINO' LE ak3's of by Mr. J. R. %TO tbe War W il l be mor %%as astral , b y Mr. eacellent Map has bee n Past Two arid Eight.-- EGYPTI tAtRENT'S (L essee, Cues. C .fie abo ve Rooms Ih4 will continue GP LETIRATE DDir Star Waitz, BAND, nd ovi 1, t he following St Zee knd' hN Dinah, A cittg to commence al StX-LIGEiT b' e x bit Tr ial of the NEs" hi ed la the windov ~PA'IIIEON HALL of Tins EyENIN 110YATTRA AL poi; PATRON— The SEXts of WAR, shoe ItALAFAT,WiDDIN, to the BLACK EA,B ei the.. R xisit FLE the Proprietors of the " 1,1,4 NEW SF.RIES c ''.,Cl'l7ltES by J. H. P "bAILY BRE 4D, in s :11,ocl<011SSS at the MAR ; and the I ybLIYIItATIONTin of FAT tLECTRIC by DR. B AC ,8114kell VeBscs, 8c( kornings and E Ten years T AOS tt CapitallLLl 100,000/. kAPlitaitoTo'llele; offi 81 talD o wered by Spec BRITANNIA M Empowered by He 4442 itt. /1 Roata T 4kery descriptiOn ALE Lif 4%04 Participatio in I' ~Bank, rpE tt N MEE pROVID ItSSIJRAN( 1'44,113' Societies Act) an t ies Esq., M. .44101111anie3',.111%,Esq Tals.llEn..,z , The associatTon etnbrac( 411 its branches, and of! iibilnets or securing absoli iporovee"lcikttu:ses naureayd,bfeßrelyieaord 15' koorgate-street, Ain \ft RANIPTON RUT R ,Drll, 1854, Passen?' !_t Wea k of gaug' ;`‘tiori ith out brL dob, Suitt( ItilkiAtZitailwav, by tl WEEK 144ve London •• • • 4,11 1 at Worcester •• " Riddernalnater • • Stonrbridge • • Dudley • • • • • • *. ~pe eater,....... ~ 1. Ige... . ~ d rminster .... Worcester 4/ re at London By t iII OTEST of MEDI Ilecausethere is no „,keutic al poisons. E Pr evented by the CREWS' I:4 ;l l ,.: fi t t i rf etahuo e ll ' e e l; geleovpi without p. tcostatENDED f u e t a s li t ,q,k CHEAPEST te.4-444. 2s ; Pints, is.. wrts, a.nd Shipping ktMlOrt. Agents-3 ',4lmon-street, City. kla,Sopp's 13/ fLB roe' by LIEBIO. The regard to thesi 44 t tri cat a supply can 401:14 quality and cha tilkt, cN . ATH NIE 132 Upper Thame E C ITS B ( the ,„kr WNt ITS pginal and genuine 1;y 41 4 ', 41 , tY in all cases o 'cenaists, Drugs 1414441. kingdom, and 4-)NI\T'S TA.I kittminvites public at :,11(t1hbY which it : at' s t ° thr Z n" ce best labour 4 Part of its tract rtt„,lerettives a 14,:;(" k hool; food ha e 14,:;("%, wheels l Ar the arni ?tett, n ' S, ' of any We ih.,E,?,ltt, Twenty.eig 15;11 Dress Coat 13 ate ' 14, Nresvingtor ' 'l)Posite. ON. No corm h q TIES OF 60th E L p Ne igi e, N iti f uler Treatise qi ta 4 its I ) i4cm eb k Lv ,`" The effect's tiNt•va, or 009 e Stud ,Nllll?,',N. eltperiPl it'llibtrv' Loos' Wealt oh" (lenerativ scediti"4 ge Anatomy sly tE DF( a;),_ " „ t htedicine M 1.14-„'nenoretry e 'l4t'atoo' 'spotlit 41;1„.._t*stntial object velii,l7, resulting fr 4 /Nd ,and Producee er Prelnature 4411 ' AI ' Of 1 disease t he r ecornme 11,143141 condltt tatitim. .haopiness, 114 Driki i absollitely nec " Personal O1!e r4AY Vi e v ous pe y bof teg 111ho~4 tij t 4 Chc stud is scarcely ph',g'inerit to whic Arki i ' l lttior it, for for tree NDiri 4atelY been Nth he'iskwilo ct Pre ten - ssESERy troth", Slaanih I Dy ttrui Co. ' , 2; 130;t39, c rnhiu ; t igh Iltrkt a7or retrt.y.twn At ' Ile dford-i tix II 41e r'r 44E SECRET 111 4 50 w , r ,.. In N 4 e d b 7 141 Edition, enlai t k ,_ t he ex , tat",'"i , e Ind "a" nigen w ed , with Ovecj i , n beervat ,14'.11ty ' nd CO • "I L endsevr n. jTd sold by kr,s,„ Laden' t..'.l'nreh-y ar4 '3,0,17 I. treats I,‘,'" ! and is ills mendtreat: a ' and tl ,llc4„„itY and b o d l t ha l,"• • r Liu t ea treat ment. or 41 111. lE' t 81 ' 4 DI "V ' e " 1 e applicati. The Aitt V• le d s,„, c auses of ti e / •,,r,...et critical', in oot tp f Der j, a „;ing nary T b Syzedy, for pi b ettr °n3 ' eruf Der e t ,',„ Perry ehr ani —l, a ee inflarni minute y `:__n in soci et, o n l y, by (7:.4 fr om Ell atte 14' Siren to one ;..1' A