The Sun. — London, England, 1854-01-11 00:00:00

111010 COUNTRY COTTAGE fora PERMANENCY• WANTED, by Lady-day or .Afidsummer, on any of the South -Eastern branches, the Brighton or South-Western Railways, within thirty miles of Lond-n and three of a station, containing at least two good sitting and four or five bed rooms, with chaise-house and stable attached. An old-fashioned Manor or Farm-house would suit, and a small quantity of pasture land desirable, though not essential. A retired situation not objected to, but a dry soil and good water indispensable. Address, with full particulars, to 31. T. Y., 33, Brydges-street, Covent-garden. XPORTERS to AUSTRALIA, EAST IN DIES, CAPE, &c.—Genuine YARMOUTH BLOATERS.— FOX terms apply to Tames LETTIS, Fish Merchant, Great Yarmouth, NIR. ALBERT SMITH'S MONT BLANC , .. including the BERNESE OBERLNND and the SIMPLON, TO-NIGHT (WEDNESDAY), and EVERY EVENING at Eight o'Clock, (except Saturday), and Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday Mornings, at Two. Stalls, 35., which can be taken at the box office every day from 11 to 4 ; area, 25.; gallery, le. - -Mont Blanc, Egyp tian Hall, Piccadilly. R OYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. PATRON—H.R.H. PRINCE ALBERT. MAGNIFICENT PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES, prepared ex pressly for this Institution by Monsieur Ferriere of Paris, exhibited en a surface 35 feet by 28, with an ENTIRELY NEW SERIES of DISSOLVING VIEWS, deity at a Quarter past Four. LECTURES by Dr. BACHOPFNER on WILKINS'S NEW PATENT UNIVERsAL ELECTRIC TELT:GRAN-1 LECTURE by J. 11. PEPPER, Esq., ou SPONTANEOUS COMBUS TION, with Brilliant Experiments. LAST WEEK of an HISTORICAL and MUSICAL LECTURE illustrated with DISSOLVING SCENERY, entitled " The ROAD the RIVER, and the RAIL," by J. E. CARPENTER, Egg., assisted by Miss Blanche Younge, every evening, except Saturday, at Nine o'clock. Open Mornings and Evenings. Admission, is.; Schobls and Children under Ten years of age, Half-price. LAURENT'S CASINO, ARGYLE ROOMS, (Lessee, CHAS. C. LAURENT, Onslow-house, Fth.utm-road), The above Rooms aro now OPEN FOR THE SEASON. ansi will continue open every evening, with LAURENT'S CELEBRATED BAND. Admission, is. Doors open at half-past 8 ; Dancing to commence at 9 o'clock, and teralinate at half-past I). LONDON & SOUTH-WESTERN RAILWAY. FOREIGN TRAFFIC.—SPECIAL NOTICE. -From and after Ist JANUARY, 1854, the existing THROUGH RATES for Goods Traffic betwixt London and Paris, and betwixt Paris and the Channel Islands, will be DISCONTINUED. Goods will be conveyed, as heretofore, betwixt London and Havre, and betwixt Havre and the Channel Islands, at reduced through rates, which include all charges from the Quay at Havre to London or to the Channel Islands, the amount of Customs' Duty gtnd Marine Insurance excepted. Goods will be conveyed betwixt London and Havre three times a Week, each way, as heretofore. For particulars of through rates, and all ether information, apply in London, to Sir. SIMK[N, 53, King William-street, City; in No tithAmpton, to Mr. WA I KINS, Railway-station ; in Havre, to Mr. GILLS, 5, Rue-de-la-Gaffe. (By order) ARCHD. SCOTT, Traffic Manager. ,Railway -office, London, Dec. 24 1853. PURSSELL'S TWELFTH CAKES, from ss. to 5 Guineas each; Bride Fakes 1 to 10 Guineas; Dessert Cakes, Is. to 10s., viz., Dpndee, Niadeira, School, and Savoy Cakes, Swiss an 1 French Pound Cakes, Is. 6d. per lb. ; Swiss and Italian Pastry, Is. to Is. per doz. ; 16 sorts of Almond Cakes, Ratifiars, and Maccaroons, 2s. per lb. ; Rout Cakes, 35. per lb. ; Mixed Cakes, ls. Gd. Per lb. ; Mixed Biscuits, Is. 2d. per lb.; Biscuits in bags or boxes, 14 for Is., viz., Arrowroot, Brown, Digestive, Milk, Abernethy, Ger man Cuddy or Captain's Biscuits, Mince Pies, 4s to 68. per doz. ; Jellies and Soups, 4s per qt. ; Creams and Ices, Gs per qt. ; ade Dishes, Raised Pies, Rams, Tongues, Fowls, Bonbons, German Trees and Ornaments, Preserved Fruits, for Dessert, as sold in Paris, from 2s. 6d. per bottle. Caution.—Jolui R. Purse'', 161, Regent street, and '2O Ludgate-hill, only. I .ADTES' (D'HIVER) COSTU ME DU BAL, 4 GALON D'OR, and PASSEMENITRIE FLOUNCING, in Gold and Silver Ornament on various Coloured Tarlatans and other ight Fabrics. These Dresses, so highly approved in Paris, and all the Evening Parties of the beau monde, may now be seen during the Selling Off at this Establishment. Some of the less lavishly decorated will be sold at Eighteen Shil lings the Dress, but it must be recollected that this will be less than half the real value, and the same remark will apply to the Silks, Shawls, Mantles, and Family Linen, which, through the retirement from business of Mr. Merrett, must be sold immediately. WARWICK HOUSE, 142 and 144, Regent-street. Useful Pamphlets, to be had gratis on application at the Publishers (if by letter enclosinz a postage stamp.) ATKIN-SON and COMPANY'S PRICE CUR RENT of Useful and Ornamental FURNITURE, UPHOL STERY, LOOKING GLASSES, BEDDING, &c. Also, THE LADIES' MANUAL, or Guide to the Extensive Mercantile Estab lishment of ATKINSON and COMPANY, DRAPERS, SILK and SHAWL MERCERS, HABERDASHERS, HOSIERS, and LACE MEN. London: Published by the Proprietors, Atkinson and Company. 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, and 75, Westminster-bridge-road, Lambeth, MECHPS CHESSMEN, in Ivory, Bone, and Wood, 4, LEADE 14 HALL-STREET, LONDON, the best and cheapest, w hich may aiso be said of his Back-gammon, Draught, and Chess Boards, Cribbage Boards, and Pegs, Cushioned Bagatelle Tables, Pope Joan Boards, Work-boxes, Desks, Pocket-books, Writiag and Envelope Cases, Dressing Cases, Tea Caddies, Table Cutlery, Sheffield Plated Ware, Pen-knives, Scissors, Clothes, Hair and Tooth Brushes, Combs, Razors, Strops, &c. Quality of all articles first-rate. AFFAIRS ON THE ICE.—Rare old Winter! crusty business " sliding scales" popular everywhere, the sur face of the lakes peopled with industrious thousands, and the fishes snoozing under a coverlet of ice some nine or ten inches thick, but every' individual, lady and gentleman, fully appreciating the excel lencies of the WINTER AT fIRE prepared by E. MOSES and Sox. Never was there such a promiscuous gathering on the skating busi ness as daring the past week, and never such a display of fashionable End comfortable Dress. The success of E. MOSES and SON never appeared so much to ad vantage, and loud and numerous were the encomiums passed on them by the skaters and the dense multitudes which lined the banks of the waters. It appears that the business of E. MOSES and SON must always triumph, the hest Dress being prepared by them for every season, cold, sve t, damp, frost, of snow, variety for all classes, and comfort able attire for everybody at the most economical prices. S katers and sportsmen all patronise the productions of E. Moses and Sox, the style and fit of the Garments made by them being so much superior to any others. Young gentlemen are filly equipped at E. Mosas and Son's, their Attire, Rats, Caps, Shirts, Hosiery, Boots and Shoes, &c., being un paralleled for superiority and economy. For freezing or thawing times and all other times, for ladies and gentlemen, men of business, mechanics, sailors, and emigrants, the -East and West End Establishment of E. Mesas and Sox secure as tonishing advantages in Quality and Price. The Wholesale Department affords the greatest advantages to Purchasers either for the home trade or the colonies. C AUTION.—E. MOSES and SON regret having to guard the public against imposition, having learned that the untradesman-like n esehood of " Being connected with their Establishment," or " It's the same concern," has been resorted to in many instances, and for obvious reasons, they beg to state that they have No Coritnnztois WITH ANY OTHER HOTISE'IN QA OUT OF LONDON, except their own Establishments, as follows : London City Establishment, 154, 155. 156, and 157, Minories, 83; "' 85, an d 8 6, Aldgate, opposite the Church, all communicating. London West-end Branch, 506, 507, 508, New Oxford-street, 1, 2 and 3, Hart-street, all communicating. Bradford (Yorkshire) Branch, 19 and 20, Bridge-street. Sheffield Branch, 36, Fargate. Colonial Branch, Melbowne, Australia. Merchant Tailors Clothiers, Hatters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boot and Shoe Makers, and General Outfitters for Ladies and Gentlemen. IMPOR TANT--Should any article not give satisfaction, it will be exchanged if desired, or, if preferred, the money will be returned Without hesitation. All goods are marked in plain figures, the lowest price, from which no abatement can be made. The Establishments are closed from sunset on Fridays to sunset on Saturdays, when business is resumed till 12 o'clock. , A new Book, " Th e Ep i tome of Comfort and Economy, " contain 'ng full lists of prices, our system of self-measurement, &c., &c., ploy he li.ul on application, or post-free. A handsome Almanac for the year ending 1854 can be had, gratis a Pplication. Lei Pon parte Francais. Qui si parla Hallam Mt.r stricht man Deutsch. AQl2£l se hahla Espano ON THE SECRET CAUSES OF SELF-ACQUIRED MISERIES AND DISAPPOINTED HOPES. THE SILENT FRIEND. In Six Languages—Fiftieth Edition. CONTAINING Tim REMEDY FOR PRRVENTION OF DISEASE. Illustrated by One Hundred Anatomical Coloured Engravings and Cases. New Edition, enlarged to 200 pages,.price 2s. 6d., by post, from the shment, p,s, T HE SILENT FRIEND, a stam Medical Work on the exhaustion and physical decay of the system, produced by excessive indulgence, the consequences of infection, or the abuse of Mercury, with directions for the use of the preventive lotion, fol lowed by observations on Marriage, and the disqualifications which prevent it. Illustrated by 100 Coloured Engravings. By R. and L. PERRY and CO., Consulting Surgeons, 19, Berners-street, Oxford street, London. Published by Sherwood and Co. 23, Paternoster row, and sold b y Hannay, 63, and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street; Gor don, 146, Leadenhall-street ; 95, Farringdon-street ; W. Sutton, 10, Bow Church-yard ; Butler, 4, Cheapside ; R Johnson, 68, Cornhill. PART I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the reproductive organs, and is illustrated by 28 Coloured Engravings. 'ABT 11. treats of the consequences resulting from excessive in dulgence, and their lamentable effects on the system, producing mental and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative incapacity. Illustrated by 10 Explanator) Engravings. PART 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in the primary or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for their treatment. This section is illustrated by 62 Coloured Engrav ings. PART IV. contains a Remedy for the Prevention of Disease by a Simple application, by which the danger of infection is obviated. PART V. is devoted to the consideration of marriage and its duties. The causes of unproductive union are a l so considered, and the whole Subject critically and philosophically inquired into. THE CORDIAL BALM OF •.'I 7 RI %CUM 18 exclusively employed ill treating nervous and sexual debility, impotence, an &c., Ila and 33 5 . per bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, anti-syphilitic remedy, for purifying the blood in cases of infection secondary fills, Isn:e2rsc.ur9yd,., 141:: and s. per rrticeg, sleet, stri ' c ' tu a r n e d , n i' d . sYmptons, eruptions, and th q e ne a c b i r e e bottle. Perry's Purifying tee, if anbydleptosteri., y f or gono per box, a certain remed y chronic inflammation of the bladder. ronsu:ltaagtie7h IL A. minute detail of the case is required tion in society. 51. Packets, with advice, to be had at the Establish ment only, by which the fee, 1/., is saved.: Messrs. Perry, Su rgeon . , arc in attendance, daily, at 19, Berners street, Oxford-street, Lon don, from Eleven till Two, and Five to Eight; on Sams; from Eleven to One. MEDICAL ADVICE ON THE SECRET INFIRMITIES I OF YOUTH AND MATURITY. DR. SAMUEL LA'MERT, 37, BEDFORD-SQUAR E, LONDON, Doctor of Medicine, and Matriculated Member of the U n iversit3' of Edinburgh, Honorary M em b er o f th e London Hospital_. Medical Society, "' Society, Licentiate of Apothecaries' Flail, London, :cc, a . e MAY be consulted, personally, or by letter, OD the various disorders of. - the nervous and generative system, resulting from juvenile irregularities and excesses, which have pre fluted more misery i n yout h , d egra d at i on in manhood, an d prema ture decay at all stages of life, than perhaps any other class of dis emu known to modern pathologists. Long and practical experience In the treatment of these diseases has proved that there are in exis,- once secret causes of self-acquired miseries and disappointed hopes in existence, traceable to certain pernicious habits, to which Nervous Debility, various forms of Insanity, Unhappy and Unfruitful Marri en•l age l , Im p ot ency , Local and Constitutional Weakness, and their s modifications owe their almost entire origin. It is absolutely necessary that all men should know that there are principles of personal management which cannot be violated without incurring g'r'ievous penalties, and when wisdom and regret succeed the heyday of i nconsiderate self-indulgence, how these penalties may be mitigated, bow the sting of their bitterness may be removed, and how the evil and its con , equenc es may be avoided, and above all, that there is scarcely any decree of physical infirmity or functional derangement to which the timely aid of science cannot apply a cure. DOCTOR LA'aIEIIT has for a long series of years been engaged in an extensive practice in the treatment of these delicate com plaints, and is the only legally qualified Physician who, regardless of the taunts and envy of the hypocritical and mock-modest, has had the confidence, through the medium of the public press, to direct attention to these enormous evils, from which no grade of society is free. In selecting this department of practice, he has been amply rewarded by the great success that has attended his efforts in the treatment of these cases, which arc too generally confided to the care of unqualified 'and ignorant empirics, who, with their pirated publications, assumed foreign names and titles, and pretended virtues of their patent nostrums, have inflicted serious injury on those who have, been induced to place faith in their pretensions. At home for consultation daily from El even till Two, and from Sii till Ei g ht. All l e tte r s must contain the fee of 11., and advice and Medicines can he forwarded to any initials or address. It is desirable that patients wishing to consult Dr. LAWERT should first obtain a copy of his work on SELF-PRESERVATION- A Medical Treatise on the Philosophy of Marriage and Nervous and Generative Debility, Illustrated by fifty-colotred engravings, and des cribing in detail the various disorders resulting from secret habits and ale eases. The perusal of this treatise will assist in the correct description of their cases, and may be had, price 22 05d, in English, tench, Spanish, D u t c h, It a li an , or German, of Messrs. Piper Brothers and Co. 23 Paternoster-row;Hannay, 63, Oxford- s t ree t ; Mann, 3 9, ; , Storie, Titchborne-street, Hayma r k e t ; or f ree by poet for forty-two stamps, to any addresS from the Author's No . 19,125.] THE FIRST VOLUME IS Now READY, Embellished with Fourteen Portraits, price 7s. 6d. bound, of the CHEAP EDITION of LIVES of the QUEENS OF ENGLAND. By AGNES STRICKLAND. To be completed in Eight Monthly Volumes, illustrated with POR TRAITS of every QUEEN, and combining all other late improve ments The First Volume comprises the Lives of the following Queens : —Matilda of Flanders, Queen of William the Conqueror ; Matilda of Scotland, Queen of Henry I. ; Adelicia of Louvaine, second Queen of Henry I.; Matilda of Boulogne, Queen of Stephen; Eleanora or Aquitaine, Queen of Henry IL; Berengaria of Navarre, Queen of Richard I. ; baherla of Angouleme, Queen of John ; Eleanor of Pro vence, Queen of Henry 111. ; Eleanora of Castile, Marguerete of France, Isabella of France, Queens of Edward IL ; Philippa of Hain ault, Queen of Edward 111. ; Anne of Bohemia, first Queen of Richard 11. Published for Henry Colburn, by his successors, Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. THE NEW NOVEL, ALICE WENTWORTH, Is now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols. " A novel of exciting interest, fraught with passion, and abounding in romantic adventure."—Morning Post. " A boldly conceived, life-like, and original story, written with great skill and spirit."—Standard. " A story that will undoubtedly take with the public and cause a sensation."—Messenger. Hurst and Blackeit, publislio:s, successors to Henry Colburn, 13, Great Marlborough-street. THE SECOND VOLUME of LORD' HOL. LAND'S MEMOIRS of the WHIG PARTY will be pub• lisped on Wednesday Next, in post dvo., price 9s. 6d. London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longraans. T HE EDINBURGH REVIEW. No. CCI Is published This Day. I. Lord John Dusan Memorials of ift. Fox, and the Bucking• ham Papers. 2. The Blind : their Works and Ways. 3. Public Works in the Presidency of Madras. 4. Ecclesiastical Economy. h. Education for the Rich and Poor. 6. Thackeray's Works. 7. The Machinery of Parliamentary Legislation. 8. The Ottoman Empire. London : Lon,man and Co. Edinburgh : A. and C. Black. CIRCULATION OF THE MORNING PAPERS. SUPPLEMENTS TO THE MORNING ADVERTISER. THE extraordinary increase which has taken place in the circulation of the "Morning Advertiser" since its enlargement, three years ago, has been followed by so great an influx of advertisements as to render indispensable the publication of a series of SUPPLEMENTS after the commencement of the approaching session. Supplements to the " Morning Advertiser will accordingly be issued as often as the pressure of Adverti.emeats or intelligence may render their publication requisite. To form an idea of the increase which has taken place in the circulation of the " Morning Advertiser," it will only be necessary to give the News paper Stamp Returns for 1850, and the circulation, as nearly as may be ascertained, of the various morning papers, except one, at the present time. In 1850 the Stamp Returns gave the following re sults : MORNING ADVERTISER• • . Daily News . Morning Herald • • •••• • • .... •• • • ........ • . 1,139,000 Morning Chr0nie1e............ „ .......... 912,547 Morning Post •• •• . 828,000 It will be observed from this statement, that, omitting the" Times," the circulation of the "Morning Advertiser" was then far above that of its morning contemporaries. Were the Stamp Returns to be given down to the present time, the relative circulation of the" Morning Advertiser to its four morning contemporaries—assuming that their circulation has undergone no diminution—would be as f llows : MORNING ADVERTISER Daily News ....... • • ..... Morning Herald .......• • • • • .......... • Morning Chronicle ... • . ..... Morning Post .• . •.. • 828,000 It will be seen that the present circulation of the " Morning Adver tiser" is more than double that of the two highest of its four contem poraries, and nearly treble that of one of their number. The annals of journalism contain no instance of success at all approaching to this. Such brilliant progress is the best compliment which could be paid to the " Morning Advertiser's entire independence of all parties and Governments, and its earnest and unceasing advocacy of the popular cause, Published every morning at 127, Fleet-street. January, 1854. LIFE ASS UR ANCE; REPORT of the SELECT COMMITTEE of the HOUSE of COMMONS, and the DEPOSIT SYSTEM—the New and Important Feature of Life Assurance adopted by The DEPOSIT and GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY. The following is an extract from the Report of the Select Com mittee : - "TIRE OBJECTS which persons HAVE IN VIEW IN EFFECTING IN SURANOES upon their lives, are GENERALLY OF AN IMPORTANT AND SOLEMN character, biz., the PROVISION FOR WIDOWS AND ORPHANS after the death of their NATURAL PROTECTORS; unlike any ordinary transaction of trade, a CONTRACT ONCE ENTERED INTO CANNOT BE DISCHARGED OR ABANDONED, if doubts of the stability of an Office should arise, WITHOUT A SACRIFICE OF . PREMIUMS PAID IN PAST YEARS, and the necessity of effecting new policies in other offices at increased rates of premium, owing to the greater age of the assured ; persons are thus placed in the ANXIOUS AND UN HAPPY DILEMMA OP BEING COMPELLED TO PERSEVERE IN PAYING PREMIUMS FROM YEAR TO YEAR, with SOME suspicion and doubt as to the ultimate advantage of cluing SO, OR OF INCURRING THE SE RIOUS LOSS WHICH, UNDER THE MOST FAVOURABLE CIRCUMSTANCES, MUST ATTEND THE ABANDONMENT OR SALE OF A POLICY." On the DEPOSIT SYSTEM a person is NOT " COMPELLED" to pay from " YEAR TO YEAR," and he does not, if desirous of " ABANDON ING" his Policy, incur any " SERIOUS LOSS," but, on the contrary, he may pay such amounts, and at such times us he may find most con venient; he can stop paying whenever he pleases, and he can with draw the whole or part of his premiums. If the whole be with drawn the Policy is cancelled ; if part only, then the value of the Volley is diminished by the assured value of the part withdrawn. B, aged 20, opens a deposit policy with a payment of 5/., which it will be seen he increases from time to time, and occasionally diminishes. z ii zi i „ 4 .0 : .....-....." El li4 .i , ,,..21 , 4-. 4:2!2. , Ap v=74; - 41741V4gan17 4 1;gg ----„, W 14 t M 41 0 OL S ; : i ~,3, 4 0 N . ..4. 0 1 t.. r• c 0 .. W '4 4 g.. 0 = ai , oviov .co r.moo vol. c., . C.) ;1" .. ...... .... c0.e.,.. co ig ▪ m W W I N .2 1 _....._ . M 1 . = 4. 4 Cl' N g 4 W • :4 I. ' MI 11 -4 1 l M op I ,3 n = V M ce, 0 g 4 g E v n . a • m to I F., 74 Cl , m ~,,, wo 4Y .l Cl NN NM P, p, E 5: !tt i t''.::2nng:'4n2=7TEggg ri . - i d o m . ... o twocovo .1.0 cocoeq 20.0 t. 7, E • Q & _____ :4 4 ' ea - , N ut !' . -- Cl M -1• t—co ,rz at , Lt, cDt., m w m w Wm WW Thus Al 3, in 10 years, has saved and invested at different inter vals various sums amounting to 971., by which he had been insured in case of death for 2601. 12s. 7d ; but A B requires 22/. ; he draws this sum out, and diminishes the value of his Policy by 601. Bs. 3d. at different times, leaving him in case of death a Policy for 2001. 4s. 4d., and during his life a fund of 751. to draw out at any time, in part or wholly. The first claim settled by the Deposit and General Life Assurance Company was upon a deposit of 101. which a parent made for each of five children, instead of adding it to an account they bad at the Savings Bank. One of them died a few days after the 101. was de posited, and the father received 341. 65., being the amount of the De posit Policy. EXAMPLE No. 2. Supposing AB, aged 23, when he op a Deposit Policy hss the means, and continues VOLUNTAILILY to pay the same sum every year in the same way as he is COMPELLED to do in the ordinary system. Year. Age. -- £ • £. s. d. 18 49 6 6 1852 . ........... 24 18 48 16 0 18 47 18 0 18 47 4 6 1855.. ........ .... 27 18 46 10 6 18 45 17 6 18 45 4 0 1858................ 30 18 44 10 6 18 , 43 17 6 1860..,............. 32 18 43 4 0 to 90 206 7 6 1865..........•••••• 37.1 to 90 190 4 6 ,871............... 43 to • 72 141 3 0 465 1 1,000 4 0 "5 '''''•••••••-- 47? 1881 .. .. .... .. 51 s 432 to 108 194 13 6 1880.......... to 90 147 18 6 1886 . ........••• 8 to 5 1891— ....„........ 63 1 108 182 10 6 __--- --- ------________ 738 1,525 s 6 . - - - Th Premium or 18/. commencing at 23 years o f age , an d paid upon an ordinary Policy (As IT MUST BE) every year till A.B. Is 46 years old, will secure the same sum, viz., 1,004., but if A B lives 17 ye ars longer (which is the prob a bl e duration of life at the time he effected the insurance) his Deposit Policy, for the same payments as for an ordinary Policy of 1,000/., will have increased to 1,525/, 6s. 6d. Marna. The Right Honoura ble t h e Lord Vi scount Druniumeg, m.p., p.c., Comptroller of her Majesty's Household. 51 n ua er r a e l . „. :m r Sir W. Clayton, Bart., 79, Gl oucester-place, Port art Banker, London. . 141 CharlesaanGe• Price, B V i ce -Ad m iral Ayscough, Pro s p ect House, So uthampton. CHAIRMAN. The Right Hon. the Lord Viscount Drumlanrig, m . p ., r Comp troller of her Majes t y' s Household. DETUTY-CTIATEMAN. George Coode, Esq., Victoria-street, Belgravia. CONSULTING ACTVARY. Francis G. P. Nelson, Eiq., F.L.S. STANDING COUNSEL. R. B. Crowder, Esq., Q.C., M.P., Recorder of Bristol, Counsel to the Adm , raltv, and Judge Advocate of the Fleet. R. Malin% Esq., Q.C., M.P., Lincoln's-inn. Chief Office, No, IS, New Bridge-street, Blackfriqrs, London. , Loans granted at 5 per cent. on real or personal sFertri Y• Annuities on most favourable terms. Diseased lives and lives de clined by other offices accepted at equitable rates. For Prospectuses and further information apply to the agents in the country, or to C. W. Bevan, Resident Secretary. Agents wanted in all parts of the United Kingdom. N.B.—Life Assurances effected on the ordinary plan. THE CHOLERA.---No further 'oaks of cholera have been reported to the authorities in any of the parishes into which Edinburgh is divided. The disease may be said to have disappeared from Dundee ; but in Glasgow it is still rather severe, there having been on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday last 49 new Cases of cholera, and 38 of diarrhoea, with 17 deaths. --Scotsman. /~ much hesitation in reducing even this amount by fully one third. Yet these are the people who must needs possess themselves of an ecclesiastical hierarchy, with territorial titles appointed by a foreign sovereign to governments within this realm ! In striking contrast to such proceedings are the transac tions of the other congregations to which we referred at the opening of these remarks. The Papists, with their handful of followers, have done their best t o frighten the whole St a t e f rom its propriety ; the " Brethren," and the " Irvingites," are scarcely, perhaps,, known by name, and still less comprehended in reality. Yet there is something to he said for both these sects. The great principle recog nised by the "Brethren" is the true unity of all Christian believers, and, while they exact a lively belief rather than a formal profession as a condition of membership, they re ject all sectarian tests of doctrine or discipline. They think that the Established Church, for instance, is too lax in its regulations, as including in its body and receiving into the most solemn acts of worship all the population of a particular district or territory, without inquiry in`_ their personal faith. On the other hand, they hold that Dissenting communities, by insisting on conformity in cer tain small particulars, exclude many Christians essentially as good as themselves, and thus destroy the unity of Christ's Church. They consider, in short, that all be lievers in Christ, that is to say, all persons professing those vital truths by which Christianity is distinguished from unbelief, should form one body, without distinction ; that there should in this respect be only two classes of people . — Christians and non-Christians; and that the division of Christians into sects among themselves is absolutely wrong. It is for these reasons that they have abstained from appropriating any peculiar denomination. They will not allow that they are a sect, but call themselves simply Christians, and as Christians, " Brethren.' There is some speciousness in this argument, but we wonder it has not occurred to the Brethren that the unity which they snake their chief—olkiect is cer tainly better represented in the English Church than in their own congregations ; that the sole fault which they impute to this body—that of indulgence—is a fault on the liberal side, and that it is hard to decide who is not a Christian among tliose who performs Christfan's outward duties. The number of chapels frequented by the bre thren was returned as 132, but this is considered to be below the mark. The "Irvingites" constitute in many respects a more re markable community ; indeed, from the public position held by one of their chief authorities, and the splendid church which they have erected in the metropolis, they have acquired considerable repute. We use the term " Ir vingites," as conveying most directly the general informa tion which the reader would desire, but the congregations themselves repudiate this designation, and with reason, too. They call themselves the " Catholic and Apostolic Church," not as claiming this title exclusilvey, but as .re fusing to be called by any other, inasmuch as they espe cially profess to be Christians according to the Catholic and Apostolic standard. It was at the commencement of the present century, when the public mind had been con vulsed from its uttermost depths by the tremendous events of the French Revolution, that some persons recognised in these scenes the fulfilment of the sacred prophecies denot ing the final epoch of the world. As a necessary incident of this epopla they looked for the revival of miraculous powers—for acts of healing and prophecy, and other super natural works. Th ;se expectations were thought to be sa tisfied by the " unknown tongues," in connexion with which Mr. Irving's name will be remembered, and ulti mately "prophets" were recognised as a regular order in the new congregations. Prophets designate "apostles," and apostles ordain to the ministry chief pastors, or "angels," in accordance with prophetic nominination. Generally speaking, the tenets of this community may be de scribed as those of the ancient Catholic Church, many of whose ceremonies and usages they have restored. Theydiffer f.om other Christian Churches chiefly in their recogni•• tion of those supernatural gifts elsewhere thought to be suspended—which gifts, together with the prophetic and apostolic ministries, they consider necessary for pre paring for the second advent. They numbered at the last census about 6,000 souls, and were said to be on the in crease. The members dedicate to the service of the church a tenth part of their whole incomes of every description. Such is "the Catholic and Apostolic Church"—a com munity whose claims would seem to admit of an immediate and unimpeachable test. If their miraculous endowments are real their views acquire Divine confirmation ; if not, the only alleged distinction between themselves and others vanishes at once. ( Front the Morning Chronicle.) It will be remembered that, when the arrangements were being made for the census of 1851, the Government I thought it desirable that advantage should be taken of the opportunity for obtaining returns relative to the amount of accommodation for religious worship provided by diffie rent communities, the number of attendants, and other particulars of a similar nature. To the fertile imagination of Lord Derby this innovation appeared pregnant with evils of the direst character. The proposed inquiries were "most inquisitorial and vexatious, and not at all war ranted by the statute ;" and, moreover, " an invidious dis tinction would be drawn "between Churchmen and Dis senters—inasmuch as the former were interrogated as to their free sittings, while the latter were called upon only for the area of standing room supplied by their chapels. We have, however, great cause to rejoice that, in defiance of the remonstrances urged by this zealous champion of the Church, a precedent, in his opinion " most dangerous," has been established ; for the result has been to furnish us with a volume which may, without any exaggeration, be styled one of the most valuable contributions ever made to the ecclesiastical annals perhaps we might say the ecclesiastical history—of this country. The high est praise is unquestionably due to Mr. Horace Mann, under whose able superintendence the vast mass of ma terials collected has been condensed into very moderate dimensions; and he has prefixed to the returns a report containing most useful information, not only as to the sta tistics of different denominations, but also, in many cases, as to their distinctiv e p ecu li ar iti es of doctrine, discipline, or ceremonial. We h ave, i n f act, a sketch of the Chris tian world, so far as its various divisions are to bo found in our own island, drawn by a competent and impartial hand, and presented to us in a highly convenient form. We shall best do justice to the subject by noticing first the conclusion of the report, which states very briefly the "prominent facts elicited by the whole inquiry." It ap pears that there are, in the whole, 1,644,734 inhabitants of England, who, " if all who might attend religious services were willing to attend," would not be able, on account of insufficient accommodation, to join in public worship; and the deficiency is, as might have been expected, found al most exclusively in towns, especially in large towns. In order. to provide sittings for this large number of persons, the erection of about 2,000 new churches or chapels would be necessary; and even then the provision would not be sufficient without additional services. Of those able to attend, and for whom accommodation at present exists, at least once on the Sunday, it is estimated that five millions and a quarter are, on the average, absent through the whole day; and the able compiler naturally treats this melancholy fact as a conclusive proof that a mere addition to the num ber of religious buildings would afford but a partial remedy for the evil. " The greatest difficulty," he says, "is to fill the churches when provided, and this can only be accom plished by a great addition to the number of efficient ear nest religious teachers, clerical or lay, by whose persua sions the reluctant population might be won." As the figures above given are founded, to a certain extent, ou calculation, and not on actual returns, it may be well to show the process by which they have been obtained from the data furnished ; and we shall here find it convenient to deal only with round numbers— referring to the report itself for more exact statements. The total population of England, on the 30th of March, 1851, was eighteen millions ; and the actual Sunday at tendances were, in the morning, four and a half millions — in the afternoon, three millions—and very nearly as many in the evening. From the total pop u l a ti on we may, i n th e first place, deduct one-sixth for children under five years of age. Next, as sickness or infirmity is usually estimated as incapaciting 5 per cent. of the population for active duties—and as " the degree of indisposition which usually detains a prudent person from church or chapel is snuck slighter than that contemplated in this calculation"— we shall probably not err in striking off an additional million under this head. The, care of inhabited houses, of which there are three millions, may account for an equal deduc tion from the number of those able to attend a religious service at any one time ; and lastly, a less definite allow ance must be made for those employed in connection with various public conveyances. Taking all these matters into account, it may be assumed that about ten millions and a half of individuals—or 58 per cent. of the entire community —ought to be able to attend Divine service at a given hour on the Sunday. If, therefore, only one service were per formed in each religious edifice, we should at once know the numbea of those who Were, without sufficient cause, entirely absent on the day of enumeration ; and we should at the same time be able to judge of the accom modation which ought to be provided. On both these points,. how ever, the double or even treble services now used in our own communion and in others, introduce some complica tion. First, as to the actual fact—by what mode can determine how many of the four millions and a half who attended in the morning, again resorted to their co of worship in the evening? All we positieelyknowlise some where that the whole number present at any service between the maximum attendance_ at must any one ser vice and the aggregate attendance at all—that is t o say. between 4i and nearly 11 millions. Perhaps we shall not mean, and assumin g th at more the greatly err by taking were presentduring some part of the day ; than 7,000,000 and if we estimate at 70 per cent. of the population the total number able to be present at one hour or another, we shall arrive at the conclusion before stated, v i z., that five millions who ought to have been present were wholly ab sent. It is unnecessary to observe that, although this may be the aggregate of non-attendance on any particular Sun day, it by no means follows that the aggregate is always, or ordinarily, composed of the same individuals ; but we have not, and are not likely to have, any data from which the number of habitual or constant neglecters of public worship can be determined. In the next place, before we can judge as to the extent of accommodation required, some opinion must be formed as to the frequency of attendance desirable in each indivi dual case ; for it is obvious that a church calculated to hold 1,000 persons would sufficiently accommodate a district containing 3,000 who ought to attend, if there were three services, and if each made a rule of being present at one service only. It will probably be safest to conclude, with the able author of the repert, that there ought to be room for all the population capable of attending at any one time —that i s t o say, for about ten millions and a quarter ; and perhaps some readers may be surprised to find that, if re liance can be placed on the returns, we have already, within a trifle, the amount required—the actual aggregate returned being 10,212,563. If, therefore, the deficiencies of one district could be supplied from the superfluities of another, no great exertion would be required in order to afford each individual the opportunity of attending seine religious service, supposing him willing to accept accom modation from Quaker, few, or Mennonite, as might be most convenient. But although, as we aro informed in an early page of the report, "the Rev. Daniel Rowlands had such a reputation that persons have been known to come one hundred miles to hear him preach," the " prudent:per sons" already spoken of usually confine their Sabbath-day's journeys within more reasonable limits, and it is well that they should. In this point of view, the comparison between rural and urban districts, with which the Report fureishes us, becomes of the greatest importance. Of the former, there are a considerable number in which the whole population might find ample accommodation at every , -7-7 e sip . . r • e..t rk 1 - 14 servi&.. and there are many more in w h e g 4 *Nir cient - room for all who could be expected to allOnd ; in the latter, the ratio of the number of sittiiia to tht in habitants is often exceedingly small—falling, in the case of Shoreditch, as low as 17 . 9 per cent., and in fifty districts, almost all of which are metropolitan, not exceeding 40 per cent. On the average, there is room for 66per cent, of the whole population in rural, and for only 46 in urban parishes. The latter, moreover, differ widely among them. selves, and a stronger contrast can hardly be presented than that afforded by the metropolitan district just men tioned and the City, so closely adjacent to it. The efforts which have been made by our own Church, and by the members of other communions, to supply the long-existing deficiency, have almost restored the proportion of which we are speaking—taking the average of the whole country —to the point at which it stood at th e beginning of the century. Until 1831, a decided decline was observable, and at successive decennial periods the ratio fell from 58.1 to 54.4, to 50.8, and to 50.4 ; b u t i n 1841 i t was found that it had risen to 53.8, and on the most recent occasion it had further advanced to 57.0. In the preceoding remarks, we have avoided all reference to those peculiarities which separate the various religious bodies existing in this country ; but it is unnecessary to say that the members of our own Church cannot relaxtheir exertions because others aro supplying the accommodation which has hitherto boon so defective. The relative amount of the provision made by different denominations for the spiritual necessities of the people is a point on which much very valuable and necessary information may be found in the present report ; and we hope to be able, on a future occasion, to call attention to some of the most interesting details which it furnishes with regard to this part of the subject. tto I In a former article on the " Religious Worship" statis tics of the census of 1851, we stated that, in the buildings open for public w ors hip on th e d ay o f enumeration, there was accommodation for 57 per cent. of the total population of England and Wales ; and we now proceed to show the proportions contributed to this aggregate by the most im portant communities. Passing over thoso which do not separately supply a single integer, the arrangement will be as follows : Church of England 29'7 Wesleyan Methodists (Original Connexion) Bl Independent s 6'o Particular Baptists Primitive Methodists Welsh Calvinistic Methodists l'2 Roman Catholics FO • This leaves, it w"1 be seen, 5'4 out of a--or-lass than . one-tenth of tly• ' .h 1 number of sitthigti—to be divided among about nino.k minor sects and "isolated congrega tions." If we next distinguish between "large town dis tricts"--that is to say, those which comprise towns having more than 10,000 inhabitants—and "rural districts," we shall find, from Table F F, that accommodation was pro vided for 44'7 of the population in the former, and 70 per cent. in the latter. Employing, as before, for the sake of convenience, the church and chapel as distinctive appella tions, we may distribute the numbers last mentioned as follows Church. Chapel. Total. Town districts Rural districts The former class may be again sub-di v id e d, an d w ill g i ve the following results, which we cannot but look upon as important, and in some degree encouraging to church men : Populations between 10,000 and 20,000 .............................. Populations betwe en 20,000 and. 50,000 .............................. Populations between 59,000 and 100,000 Populations between 100,000 and upwards Church. Chapel. 32'0 34.5 Total. It thus appears that, in our largest cities, where the de ficiency is greatest, the Church numbers a majority of sitt ings ; while, in the smaller ones, where, on the average, there is room for more than 58 per cent. of the popula tion—the maximum number whose attendance can be expected—dissent predominates, as it also does in the third class. It is, however, worthy of notice, that the strength of the Baptist denomination appears to ha almost wholly in the smaller towns, where it contri butes 174 sittings out of every 1,000; but when we reach the next grade, the proportion falls to 85, and afterwards to 71, which is precisely what it is in the rural districts. We can discover no means of accounting for this variation, except by supposing that the community in question is one which reaps where others have sown, and that it gains additions to its numbers rather by aggressions on other denominations than by direct efforts to Christianise our most densely-peopled districts. Tho Wesleyans—who, in the country, supply 213 sittings out of every I,ooo—pro vide, in the first class of towns, 138, in the second 237, and in the third 261 out of the same number; but in the last and highest class, only 165. The corresponding num bers for the Independents are, in the rural districts, 100, in the smalle r t owns 148 , i n the next class 93, in the third 109, and in the fourth 127. We give these details—which, although not contained in the report, may easily be de ducted from the table to which we have referred—because it is obviously to our largest towns that the attention of earnest mere must be principally directed. It will be re membered that nearly four millions (two-ninths of the whole population are contained within the limits of the metropolis and of the eight largest provincial cities or bo roughs—that several of the latter have increased threefold, and one even sevenfold, during the present century—that, in them the church possesses only to a small extent those resources which, in rural districts, give her so great an advantage over unendowed communities—and lastly, that political bias has favoured the progress of dissent. It is, therefore, gratifying to know that, at the present time, the provision made by our own communion for the spiritual wants of our most densely populated localities exceeds that supplied by all denominations of dissidents ; and the re collection of the superiority thus actually existing cannot fail to stimulate our efforts to increase it. From Table G we gain a curious insight into the " Com parative position of the Church of England and the Dis senting Churches in different parts of the country." Wales, as might have been expected, shows a strong preponde rance of the latter. For every hundred of the population in North Wales, the church affords 28 sittings, and the chapel 61 ; and, for the same numbers in South Wales, the figures are 25 and 59—the Wesleyan and Calvanistic Methodists being by far the most flourishing communities. In none of the English counties is anything like the same disparity observable ; and, indeed, there are only twelve— the Ridings of .Yorkshire being counted separately—in which the Church does not provide more than a moiety of the existing accommodation. The species of dissent most popular appears to vary with the locality • and from a pa ragraph in the report we ma y conclude that the peculiari ties of different sects are to some extent antagonistic to each other, since no district, except South Wales, is men tioned as a stronghold of more than one of the three prin cipal denominations. We have hitherto considered only the amount of accom modation contained within the walls of edifices dedicated to seligious purposes. In order, however, to determine how far the accommodation is practically available, we must extend our inquiry, and ascertain the number of services actually performed. Out of 14,077 churches 4,740 were open once only on the Sunday, 7,585 twice, and only 752 three times. In the "town portion," however—which includes all towns, without. regard to size—there were only 338 out of 2,213 which had not at least two services ; and it must be admitted that in small contiguous parishes, whe ther urban or rural, exceedingly little inconvenience may be occasioned by alternation. With every prepossession in favour of the parochial system, we must not attach too much importance to boundaries which are purely arbitrary, and which would, in many cases, if rigidly observed, ac tually exclude chur c h- goers from the most accessible place of worship. It appears from the report that, "on the whole, the Dissenters make rather more of their accommo dation than does the Established Church ;" but the periods of the day at which their services are held ought to be particularly noticed, for a reason which wo shall state. The Wesleyans, out of more than two millions of seats which their chapels possess, rendered only about one-half available in the morning, a somewhat larger number in the afternoon, and almost the whole in the even ing. As stated in table 19, their per centages were, at the three periods, 62, 58, and 88 respectively ; but the first of these numbers appears to be a mis print for 52. A large proportion, therefore, of the Wes leyan chapels were open only when the churches were shut ; and this will appear more clearly if we turn to Table L, which shows that, out of 5,497 such buildings belonging to the original connection in the rural districts, 2,327 only had a morning service. We have no desire to strain an inference from these facts, but it is obvious that a large proportion of those who were enumerated at their exit from these places of worship are not to be considered as Dissenters in pri nc ipl e ; an d we b e li eve many of them to, be churchmen who avail themselves of a Wesleyan ser vice only at a time when nine out of every ten churches in country localities are closed. With other denomina tions the case is exceedingly different, although, even as regards them, there is a preponderance of afternoon and eveningser wice We must conclude by barisewflyereferrin to the statistics provided have e_ befores proportionally lesst h the of am o th u e nt m o e f t a r c o e p o o m lit o w d h at e i re on , than in any other district of England. Out of a popula only 460,168 persons attended in tion exceeding 2,300,000, tho morning, 100,855 in the afternoon, and 313,316 in the evening ; while the churches and chapels open would have coutained, at the three periods of the days respec tively, 682,697, 320,031, and 585,399. The evening con gregations were pretty evenly divided, but the Church claimed a considerable majority in the morning, andthree fourths of the whole in the afternoon. From comparison between tho figures above given, it would clearly appear that the real difficulty arises from the fact that " the area which a minister can cover in the course - of pastoral over sight is far from co-extensive with the sphere which he can influence by his ministrations in the. Church • he can preach to 1,500 peopl e , b u t h e canno t v i s it and effectually supervise the third of such a number. If this be correct, wo seem to be driven, in such cases, to the appointment of additional agents rather than the erection of additional churches." We are here quoting from the able compiler, of the report, and although there may be a difference of opinion as to the precise limit of efficient pastoral supenn tendence, there are probably many districts in which the general conclusion at which he has arrived may be found more or less applicable. ROYAL ARTILLERY.—WOOLWICH, Jan. 1 0 .—Captain Lefroy's company, 4th battalion, marched from the garrison at 8 o'clock a.m. to-day, headed by the drums and flutes of the regiment, to the Arsenal station of the North Kent Railway, en route to Eastbourne, where the company is to be stationed, and there will now b e two companies on that part of the coast instead of one com pany. Two years ago there was not a single artillery man stationed at Eastbourne nor within a considerable distance. Captain Rorner's company, 7th battalion, Las returned in the Si moom i ron screw steam -ship, from the Cape of Good H o p e t o P ortsmout h, an d the men are expected to arri ve a t h ea d- quarters i n th e garrison here this evening. The comp an i es f r om Jamaica, Barba does, and Bermud a are a l so d a ily expected to arrive at head-quarters here. FLOODS ARISING FROM THE THAW.—The w e i g h t of water brought from th e uplands sloping to the Medwa y has been so great, that tho river gradually rose on Sun day and Sunday night to an alarming height, overflowing its - banks and flooding the neighbouring fields and meadows to a far greater extent than during the floods which occurred on the 20th and 21st of October last, and which occasioned the loss of a number of lives at Radlow. At Maidstone the paths and wharves on each side of the river were placed completely under water, and in passing under the bridge assumed the wild strength of a torrent. —South-Eastern Gazette. OLD AGE.—There died at Moscow, on the 11th of October, a certain Peter Sosnowsky, aged 122 years, 1 month, and 20 days.—Journal de St, PC;enk / „..„--- --- ) --„•- - / --;) .p. , ~- v 'T ) f . .. , t 1 ... ...:4 t' 4 1 _ 1 . _ L.. as. $' *' ' 1 ; 1 I, A. fir r(-) rg M a '-11. ( 4 ; ---- H if , !_.-;-.. - 1 7_- ?i' ' _.„--- , •---- - ,-- „; i---1,-.--i---(--- 7' ...., ~, ~,,- ,• , v,s,. ' . u ...„ ~.„ .. .. ,- • . ..., ~,, ..„: 4 , - - 1.? e : , imi -- -, ~.. • , . V ..A" ..- b '' '' f•i .4.,..." , , • ' - 4, • ' . ' 4 . '''' ,4 . . , ''''. '•.;' ------- ''''' • .olf: *, , , e ,... .., : i,,*..., - • -,' J-.‘.:,v4- •-•-''. 4 4 -4 .i - v, - -, . . _ .. ~ , ...._, ..4. ,-;....., . '„:16) ik. 4 p.-.." . :1 , ~,, ‘f.". .A, : V- p . .• . .. „.., \ • ' otte l %; .'" ~H 41,01 „.1, . 14, 0.- ..„: \\ A ' ...., ....r. .- -, - 7 , ' , . ~ •• • • ; i 4. .ti • -'' ! i-_-.. - ~, „ . 4. _ ___• - ..,,,,,,,,,!.,-. 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Although we have never taken particular pains to cultivate an entente cordiale with the Cab in terest, and have never spared the misdeeds of the fraternity, we nevertheless own, as we have more than once said, to a sort of sneaking, irrational kindness for the British cabman. Like Sir Robert Inglis, we regard him as part—though it may bo a muddy, draggled, beer-bemuzzied part of the British Constitution. The cabman is, after all, a man and a brother, and we have had unfeigned pleasure in watching his recent social progress. While he has been learning his first lessons in the neglected humanities of life, we have sincerely, if not obtrusively, sympathised with his patient ad vances ; and when—which has been very often—he has checkmated us with Mr. Fitzroy's Bill, and contrived to extract a good deal more pelf from us than under the old law, we could not resist a good n,atured chuckle. We, the public, put forth all our strength in vindicating the completeness of the Government measure ; and a little playful exercise of retaliatory ingenuity on cabby's part—in which he has not unfrequently managed to show that he is in native wit, more than a match for the British Par liament, the British press, and the British public —could not but earn the tribute of our ap plause. Our feelings, therefore, towards the cab man have of late been softened. Time, the healer, has smoothed the asperities of July last ; and the enemy have submitted, with tolerable forti tude and with considerable good feeling, to the stern, wholesome discipline of adversity. They have certainly learned the art of civility. Occa sionally they are even polite. As a class, six months have humanised them. " Like Ciusar in the Capitol," they have succumbed with dignity ; and consequently, in the recent terrible weather, we fairly admitted that, as the laws of nature were, so those of Mr. Fitzroy should be, for the grim season, suspended. We consented, without a mur mur, that cabby should charge just what he pleased; and the British father was glad to be carried to his dinners, or to send his children to their Twelfth night parties, at any figure at which Jehu would charter his craft for an Arctic expedition. But although we admit that he has improved, and have allowed him every reasonable indulgence during the snow-storm, we cannot be charged with par tiality when we ask for common justice to the cabman. A case at Bow-street, which we reported yester day, is the text for our present appeal on behalf of our ancient foe. Mr. Panizzi, keeper of th e printed-book department at the ritish Museum, summoned cabman Jones for insolence, and for not delivering his ticket. On Wednesday, the 4th instant—one of those awful nights which London will not soon forget—Mr. Panizzi wanted a cab, and sent out a porter from the Museum to fetch him one. On the messenger returning, after an abortive search, Mr. Panizzi sallied out himself, in dudgeon and the cold, in search of a vehicle. Ile walked from Great Russell-street to South ampton-row, but the atmosphere below zero failed to cool his fervid Italian temperature, which re mained at boiling heat. In Southampton-row he found four or five cabs, but no drivers. Does Mr. Panizzi imagine, however, that on such a night, any human being could, even if he would, sit at the receipt of custom on the box of a cab ? Mr. Panizzi was not pleased. As he himself admits, he " continued to bawl out for the cabmen"—here in imitating the famous dramatic hero who, when he went to " call a coach," called out " Coach, coach, coach." Now bawling—and bawling con tinously, unceasingly, and ineffectually, with the thermometer a dozen and more degrees below freezing point—is not an operation likely to in crease the serenity of anybody's temper, least of all an Italian temper. At length a cabman ap peared, but was ' very slow" in bringing his vehicle to the pavement to take up his amiable customer; and the first thing Mr. Panizzi did was to take his number. Says the cabman, "Don't be in a passion"—a moral and ethical warning which we should conjecture that the "fare,' from his own account of his feelings, stood slightly in need of. Mr. Panizzi is short sighted ; and he states that, on narrowly ex amining the cabman's badge, the latter—who, it appears, is addicted to the vice which Sir Walter Raleigh introduced and Bacon patronised —insultingly puffed his cigar in his face. Mr. Panizzi also complains that he never received a ticket. To all this the cabman answers, first, that he could not drive his cab close to the kerb by reason of the accumulation of snow—next, that though he did not leave off smoking, he took his cigar from his mouth when addressing Mr. Panizzi—finally, that he did offer a ticket. And this evidence is corroborated by a respectable tradesman who hap pened to witness the fracas—not a waterman or cabman, but a watchmaker living in the City-road, who gives his name and address, and who must have lost valuable time by attending at the police court. This perfectly impartial bystander swore that Mr. Panizzi was very much excited—that there was a crowd (how should there have been a crowd, unless Mr. Panizzi had been making a row ?) —that the cabman did not use abusive language, and did not puff his cigar in the great Panizzian visage —and that the cabman did offer Mr. Panizzi a ticket, which was refused with the courteous, but not literary, repartee, "You be —." Says the worthy magistrate, Mr. Hall, "It is perfectly ri diculous, to suppose that any gentleman of common propriety would make such a false charge against a cabman." To which the answer is, as regards the " propriety," that the complainant was Mr. Antonio Panizzi ; whilst, as applicable to " gen tlemen" generally, the magistrate's dictum rests on a personal assumption about which opinions may differ. As to the corroborative evidence pro duced by the cabman, Mr. Hall simply ignores it. He takes it for granted that it must be worthless, because it involves a conflict of truthfulness between " a gentleman" and a watchmaker. But why was the watchmaker to be disbelieved ? He was on his oath. The notion of confederacy is utterly unten able—he had never seen or heard of the cabman 'before. Upon what grounds does Mr. Hall settle that the watchmaker committed perjury ? Because he was a watchmaker, and because Mr. Panizzi was a gentleman. Here, then, is the rationale of the thing. It may be proved in evidence that a gentleman may curse and swear, and make a row against a cabman, bawl and bellow, and bring a crowd about him ; and his simple denial of this evidence is to be taken for gospel. It may be proved in evidence that a cabman was civil and ' respectful, and this evidence is to be disbelieved because it is given by a watchmaker. A gentleman may be charged, on unimpeachable testimony, with ungentlemanly conduct—buthis word is to be taken of course. An honest, simple citizen is to be branded as a liar and perjurer, for the sole reason that he is audacious enough to bear witness against a gentleman. _ Of course, in such a conflict of evidence, it would have been desirable to go into the ante cedents of the respective parties. Doubtless, Mr. Panizzi could have proved that he is not a man of violent gestures and intemperate language —that he never roars and raves, though on this occasion he admits that he " bawled out"—that ho never could say, "You he —"—that it is not his fashion to get excited. This would have been good corroborative evidence ; and we only regret, as friends of Mr. Panizzi, that it was not forthcoming. And then the atrocity of smoking, which Mr. Hall says should be visited with 40s. fine. Does Mr. Panizzi never smoke ? Mr. Hall is, of course, in the habit of sitting on a cabstand, motionless, at night, in January, with the ther mometer below zero—he knows experimentally the delights of a cabman's life, and invariably re sists the soothing stimulant of tobacco. But we are human, and on Wednesday night we could pardon poor Jones his cigar, or even his seat at the taproom fire. The simple fact is, from all that the public know about Mr. Panizzi, that there is much in direct confirmation of the evidence of the watch maker, corroborated as it is by that of the cab man. Mr. Panizzi, in the discharge of his duty of collecting hooks for the Museum, has con trived to concentrate upon himself an amount of odium perfectly unparalleled. It is not his discharge of his duty that the whole booksel ling trade complains of, but his mode of doing it. This Italian gentleman certainly has the re putation of being possessed of a peculiar temper, which reflects the volcanoes rather than the serene atmosphere of his country. We should say that he is not considered, by thoso who have to do with him, a rival of Moses in meekness. There are persons in this naughty world who are exceedingly deferential to their superiors —who worm them selves into fine society (Mr. Panizzi was on this occasion, as he takes tare to inform us, en route to Belgrave-square)—and who, by a compensating provision, relieve this unnatural strain on a simu lated politeness by storming and bullying their in feriors. Far be it from us to act Theophrastus to Panizzi but those who know him better than we do can say whether, on the whole, the watchmaker's evidence, which describes him as " very much ex cited," and uttering the gentle compellation, "You be --b.," is altogether out of keeping with what has been experienced of the librarian's ethical idiosyncracy in familiar intercourse. Indeed, if we might give a hint to this illus trious refugee, we should say that there are points in his character which do not fit in with our dull English prejudices. We should prefer, in a highly salaried official, one who did not so faithfully reproduce the peculiarities of an ancient school. We would willingly exchange Mr. Panizzi's zeal for the mint, anise, and cummin of technical duty, for some solid devotion to the weightier mat ters of the law. He may, after a fashion, adorn literature by his presence at conversaziones in Bel gravia—he may represent the dignity of letters by harrying booksellers, and bawling and swearing at cabmen—but for all this pound of civet we should I like an ounce of work. We would dispense with a little of his zeal in vindicating cab law, and in try ing his native powers of florid rhetoric in a street encounter of wit, for the sake of a few more instal ments of the British Museummatalogiie. We have imported Mr. Panizzi, and his foreign manners, and his choice Tuscan courtesy, at considerable cost, to do the nation's business ; and we believe that his mornings at Bow-street might be very well relinquished for his study in Great Russell-street. As to Mr. Hall's decision in the case, painful as it is to criticise the decisions of "worthy" magistrates, we have only to say that it is tudn-English and unjustifiable as the conduct of the complainant. RELIGIOUS WORSHIP IN ENGLAND AND WALES. ( From the Times.) A publication of extraordinary interest has just appeared, in the shape of a supplement or appendix to the returns of the last general census. It refers to the organisation of religious worship in England and. Wales, and comprises within the limits of an octavo volume the most compre hensive as well as the most recent statistics attainable on this important subject. It occurred to the conductors of the census that so unusual an opportunity for acquiring information respecting the " number, varieties, and capa bilities" of the religious institutions of the country should not be lost, and it was at first conceived that the language of the census act fully warranted the official extension of the inquiry to these particulars. Subsequently, however, doubt was thrown upon this point, and the returns, there fore, to the questions of the authority on these subjects were left optional. It seems that the same disinclination to statistical disclosures lately evinced by some of our agriculturists was encountered occasionally among minis ters of religion, but returns were made in such numbers as to provide ample means for making up deficiencies by estimates, and the result, we have no doubt, may be taken as substantially accurate and trustworthy. The religious communities in England and Wales amount to 35 in number, of which 26 are classed as indi genous, and 9 as foreign. First, of course, stands the Church of England and Ireland. After this comes the Church of Scotland, nor need Lord Egliutoun's friends conceive that Scotland is here swamped in the general de nomination of " England," for the computation refers to Presbyterian establishments south of the Tweed. Next follow those congregations recognised by the comprehen sive title of " Dissenters," which include Methodists, Bap tists, Independents, Quakers, Unitarians, Moravians, Sandemanians, the New Church, and Brethren. Of these, the two former are ramified through numerous subdivi sions—the Baptists having 5 and the Methodists, .9 diffe rent " connexions." The foreign" communities appear to include the Roman Catholics, or Papists ; the Greek Church ; the Lutheran and Huguenot congregations ; the New German and Italian Reformers; the Catholic and Apostolic Church, and the Mormons ; besides which there are the Jews. It will convey some notion of the extent to which Parliamentary reports have been developed when we add, that the volume before us con tains an elaborate description of the origin, tenets, and principles of these several sets—a description intended to communicate nothing less than " the reason which have led the English people to divide themselves into such varieties of religious combination." On a 'future occasion we may introduce the public to the more remarkable por tions of this sketch, but at the present we confine ourselves to the topic of most extensive interest - the proceedings and position of the Church of England. The compiler of the report thinks it necessary to offer some apology for the particularity of his exposition by observing, very reason ably, that the results of a national census should be ad dressed to the world at large, and, consequently, to many who are destitute of any preliminary knowledge. The re mark is wise, but the excuse is needless. We shall not, indeed, follow the writer in transcribing the Articles of Religion, or recapitulating the orders and dignities of the Church, but if much of what we here subjoin is not both new and attractive, even to the best informed churchman, we shall be considerably mistaken. The whole of England has been partitioned from very early times into parishes and dioceses, ten of the former originally constituting a rural deanery. Of our bishoprics all, except seven, date from the British or Saxon period of history—the five creations of Henry VIII., and the sees of Manchester and Ripon, forming the sole additions to the ancient foundations. The number of benefices in England and Wales is 11,728, and the distribution of this patronage is a point of considerable interest, as showing where influence resides. Of these preferments, 1,144 per tain to the Crown, 1,853 to the bishops, as many as 938 are in the gift of cathedral chapters, while 770 only are at the disposal of the Universities; 931 belong to the ministers of mother- c h urc h es , an d no f ewer than 6,92 are in the hands of private persons, to be bestowed as they think fit. The income of the Church was distributed, in 1831, in the proportions following :—The bishops re ceived in the aggregate 181,6311. ; the deans and chapters, 360,0951.; and the parochial ministers, 3,251,1591., so that the capitular bodies took about twice as much as the bishops, and the " dignified" classes together as nearly as possible one-sixth of the whole amount falling to the paro chial clergy. It was further computed, at the same time, that the number of beneficed clergy being 10,718 (1,010 less than the number of benefices), the average income of each would be about 3001. per annum. But, besides these ministers, there were at the same date 5,230 curates, whose receipts averaged only 811. a year, so that the sti pends•of the working clergy are certainly not large. We may here offer some description of a fund often heard of, but not perhaps generally understood, known as Queen Anne's Bounty. This is formed out of the revenues de rived from first fruits and tenths, which pertaining first to the Pope, and since the Reformation to the Sovereign were made over by Queen Anne to a corporation in trust for the " augmentation of the maintenance of the poor clergy." The annual produce of this fund is now 14,0001., and its present trust capital is 2,400,0001. Its resources have been increased by Parliamentary grants and private benefactions to an extent so considerable that it is almost surprising its agency is not better known. It is stated, however, in the volume before us, that up to the end of 1852 the governors of the trust had appropriated to the benefit of small livings, in some shape or other, no less a sum than 5,027,2001., and that the incumbents of such liv ings now enjoy from such sources a permanent yearly income of 240,0001. But these figures give no idea of what has actually of late years been done in the work of church extension, and the statistics on this head are among the most remarkable we have ever seen. The most summary, if not the most complete, method of placing these results before the reader will be by the following table of church-building. Of the whole number of churches now standing there were built : Before 1801 ... 9,667 Between 1801 and 1811 ▪ 55 Between 1811 and 1821 . 97 .. Between 1821 and 1831 • 276 Between 1831 and 1841 ▪ 667 Between 1841 and 1851 ▪ 1,197 Nothing, we think, can be more striking than the indif ference exhibited during the war period of the present cen tury as contrasted with the extraordinary activity dis played and developed after the establishment of peace. Allowing for certain imperfections of returns, it is com puted that the churches built between 1831 and 1851 cer tainly exceed two thousand in number, being an addition of almost one-fourth to the aggregate of those before stand ing, and showing that throughout this whole period two new churches, upon an average, must have been conse crated every week. It may interest some readers if we add that the average cost of a new church is set at about 3,0001., or at about 51. 108. each sitting, exclusive of the cost of site. Altogether, the sum expended upon new churches during the above-mentioned interval (exclusive of restoration works, which, as most readers will know, form no small item) exceeds 6,000,0001. sterling. After these observations it will dishearten the reader to be told that, in consequence of the increase of the popula tion, the proportion of churches to inhabitants has actually decreased, and that whereas in 1831 there was ono church to every 1,175 inhabitants, tin 1851 there was one only to every 1,296. Nevertheless, owing to the better distribu tion of the churches, it is concluded that the extent of accommodation is rerlly greater, just as the state of things will have practically improved when the 30 churches now marked for removal are transferred from the city of Lon don to its suburbs. The disquisitions on this 'head can hardly fail to prove interesting. As the Church of England is presumed to be the church of the nation, and as the nation contains 17,927,609 inhabitants, it seems to follow at first sight that there should be this number of sittings provided ; deductions, how ever, are !made to such extent for children, inva lids, and persons in charge of dwellin g -houses, or ° encraged on public convey ances ,th a t i n th e end it is thought 10,398,013 sittings would be sufficient. But the 14,077 churches standing in England in 1851 supplied, it was reckoned, but 5,317,915 seats, while other places of wor ship provided 4,149,813, making a total only of 9,467,728. There is another element, however, to come into the cal culation, for, as there are usually two or more services in the day, and few persons attend all of these, the sittings would be available twice or three times over. And here it is noticed that Dissenting bodies "get more out of their buildings," as the report expresses it, than the Church, by opening them invariably for evening service, at which period, in fact, they obtain the largest attendance. Alto gether, however, and not to plunge deeper into statistics, which might possibly become bewildering, we may say that for every 100 sittings furnished by the Church in Eng land and Wales, Dissenters furnish 93 ; that the general progress of church extension is satisfactory, but still inade quate ; whereas 21,67$ seats are computed to bo practically useless, "as being out of the reach of any persons who could fill them." Between the "Brethren" and the " Irvingites"—between congregations repudiating all dogmatic tests of faith and congregations recognising apostles of their own—a place is found in the religious census of England for a sect which recently disturbed the whole economy of Great Britain— the Roman Catholics. Considering the prodigious clamour raised by this community, the enormous pretensions which it put forth, and the astonishing assertions advanced re specting its successes by those who ought to have been informed of the truth, we think the reader will bo not a little surprised 'at the facts subjoined below. It will not be forgotten that Mr. Wilberforce—a convert to the Popish faith, and himself in charge of a Popish "mission"— described the proselytes to Popery as crowding in multi tudes to his church, and allegations to this effect have been constantly reiterated during the last 20 years. Now, there has been n o thi ng more invariably difficult than to bring Popish authorities to any definite account respecting their proceedings or position. They advance without scruple the most exorbitant demands in virtue of their alleged importance and numbers, but, when asked for proof or explanation, they shelter themselves behind their "authorities," and reply that their info' mation be longs, not to themselves, but to " the Church." At one time it was actually proposed, probably as a set-off to the Protestant Church required for Englishmen at Rome, to erect a huge Popish cathedral in the heart of London, and it was gravely declared that thousands upon thousands of worshippers were lacking this accommodation. We can not be sure that the report now before us, and to which the reader was introduced in our last impression, contains the exact truth, but we are strongly of opinion that it conveys a very good idea of th e f ac t s , a nd that the case is, at any rate, not understated on the Popish side. And how many, then, of these noisy religionists does the reader suppose aro included in the whole seventeen millions of the English population ? Less than 200,000! It appears that, shortly after . the expulsion of th e Stuarts the number of Papists in England and Wales was computed at 27,696. In 1767 another return was procur e d , and here the calculation gave 67,916, which fi gures, 13 years later, were increased to 69,376. These seem to have been all the data brought before the compilers of the re port for past years. At present the actual number of sit tings in Popish places of worship (after adding an estimate for those making no returns) is 186,111. Now, if we take into consideration the essentially un-English character of these communities in general, and the extent to which the congregations are filled either with Irishmen or with fo reigners from the various continental Stat es , we may very safely put 150,000 as the sum total of the sittings required for bona fide English Papists; nor should we, indeed, have 30.0 200 30.3 261 HEALTH OF LONDON DURING( THE WEEK. ( From, the Registrar-General's Report.) Fourteen hundred and forty-four deaths were regis• tered in London in the first week of the year. Of these, 656 were deaths of children under 15 years of age ; 431 were of persons between 15 and 60 years ; and 353 oc curred to men and women in advanced life, who had completed 60 years and upwards. In the ten corresponding weeks of the years 1844• 53, the average number of deaths was 1,262, which, if raised according to increase of population, becomes 1,388. Though the mortality at this season is usually high, the present return shows an excess of 56 above the corrected average. The mean temperature of last week was 30 . 2 deg. It fell as low as in the first week of 1849, and the deaths were then 1,131. It fell to 29.4 deg. in the week ending 2d January, 1847, when the mortality was as high as that of last week. There died last week 352 persons from diseases of the organs of respiration, while the calculated number is 279. Twelve died of laryngtis and laryngismus stridu lus, 189 of bronchitis, 104 of pneumonia, 36 of asthma ; 86 children di e d of h o opi ng - c ough. Only the following two deaths were registered as caused by cholera : - MAIIITLEBONE; St. John's.—At 50, Acacia-road, on 30th December, the son of a merchant, aged 6 years, "English cholera (11 hours)." WHITECHAPEL ; Whitechapel North.—At 10, Goul ston-court, on 27th December, a labourer, aged 53 years, "cholera (24 hours), fever consecutive (3 days)." In the sub-district of Hoxton Old Town, at 13, Bow ling-green-walk, on 2d and 3d January, two children of a tailor, deceased, aged respectively 8 and 5 years, died of "scarlatina ; low continued fever." Mr. Pearce, the registrar, says :—" I am i n formed that i n this house there are frequently very offensive smells arising from im perfect drainage. The mother of the children registered is in a very destitute condition, living and sleeping with an aged mother in the apartment where the bodies ar4 now lying." In Islington West, at 1, Gainford-street, three daugh ters of a whitesmith died, one on the 2d and two on the 6th January, of "scarlatina maligna." In Ratcliff, at the Union Workhouse, on the 31st December, a basket-maker and his wife died, both at the age of 75 years, the former of " na tu ra l decay ; cardiac disease," th e latter of "natural decay." They had come from Shadwell-market. Mr. Wells, the re gistrar, relates a singular coincidence in the lives of this aged couple. They were born in the same year, and on the same day of the month, and died within half an hour of each other. in High-street, Battersea, on 31st December, a ship carpenter, aged 92 years, died from " decay, accele rated by destitution." Certified by medical attendant. In Aldgate, at 21, Peter's-court, on 23th December, a labourer, aged about 55 years, was " found dead in a garret, death apparently caused by starvation." In New Gravel-lane, Shadwell, on 12th December, the son of a matmaker, aged one year, died from star vation, Inquest. In St. George-in-the-East, at 8, Charles-street, on 23d December, the daughter of a labourer, aged one year, was "found dead in her father's arms ; death accelerated by want, exposure to cold, and privations." In the sub-district of Cavendish-square, on 3d Janu ary, a boy, aged 14 years, "acute febrile attack arising from fatigue and exposure to cold (5 days)." In Bell-green, Sydenham, on 30th December, a spin ster, aged 34 years, died from " debility (4 years), con gestion of lun gs from exposure to extreme cold (48 hours). In St. James, Clerkenwell, at 56, Turnmill-street, a female, aged 48 years, found dead on 3d January ; failure of heart's action from over-distention of stomach and cold." Post mort. Inquest. Last week the births of 679 boys and 694 girls, in all 1,373 children, were registered in London. In the nine corresponding weeks of the years 1845-53 the average number was 1,566. At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean height of the barometer in the week was 29 . 041 in. The reading of the barometer decreased from 29 . 42 in. at the beginning of the week to 29 . 15 in. by noon on the 2d ; remained at about this reading till the evening, when it turned to increase, and was 29.24 in. at 9 h. a.m. on the 3d ; it then turned to increase, and was 29 . 24 in. at 9h no n. on the 3d ; it then turned to decrease, and passed the point 29 in. at about midnight, and was 28-83 in. at 9 h a.m. on the sth ; it then turned to increase, and re passed the point 29 in. at about 10 h. a.m. on the 6th ; and reached 29.06 in. by 9 h. a.m. on the 7th • was 29 in. at 10 h. 30m. a.m., and decreased to 28.81 in. by the end of the week. The mean temperature was 30 . 2°, which is 5 . 6° below the average of the same week in 38 years. The mean daily temperature was below the ave rage on every day of the week, except Saturday, when it was 4.6° above it. On Sunday it was 9. - 8° below it, on M on d a y 11 . 5°, on Tuesday 12-3°. The temperature then rose. On Monday the highest reading was only 29 - B°. The lowest reading occurred on Tuesday, and was 13'5°. On Saturday the highest reading was 43 . 9°, and the lowest 34° . The mean dew-point temperature was 28 - 6°. On Wednesday sn ow h a d fallen to the depth of one foot upon the level, and in places it had drifted to the depth of two feet. On Thursday the amount of melted snow was 0 . 60 in. ; but this measure ment is probably less than the real amount, as some would be blown from the guage, Snow fell to the depth of an inch on Thursday. The lowest temperature of the Thames for six days was little more than 32°. MORTALITY IN THE METROPOLIS. NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN THE WEEK ENDING S ATURDAY, JAN. 7. Zymotic Diseases 284 Diseases of Uncertain Seat ..... .... 6B Tubercular Diseases ........ ...,„, . • l9l Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, a n d Senses_,.., l7l Diseases of the Heart and 8100d -vessels Diseases of the ''. Lungs and other Organs of ' Respiration ........, Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and o th er O rgans of Digestion ............. .. ......... 71 Diseases of the Kidneys, &c. ...... •-• . l lO Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, &c. Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles Diseases of the Skin, &c....••............ Malformations .................................... Premature Birth and Debility Atrophy 3B Old Age • ............................ 66 5udden...................... , ................................. 3 Violence, Privation, Cold, and Intemp erance 3B Causes not specified DEATHS PROM ALL CAUSES ..................... 1,444 Population Deaths in corre- Deaths Enumerated. spending We e k i n th e 1851. of 185. Week. West Districts North Districts 490,396 Central Districts 393,256 ...... 220 East Districts 485,522 ....„, 335 South Districts • 616,635 Totals Males Females 1,308 1,444 704 .............. 740 BIRTHS IN THE WEEK. Males Females.. Total .. ............ 697 ............ 694 ............. 1,373 THE WRECK OF TIIE MERMAID.—The Sea, Nymph (steamer), which arrived at Liverpool yesterday morn ing, brought the captain (Robinson) and crew of the unfortunate ship Mermaid, from Liverpool to Phila delphia, which went ashore on the Copelands, near Belfast, on the 7th instant. They report the vessel a total wreck, being totally broken up, and the cargo, which was a very valuable one, floating about in all directions. QUICK VOYAGE.—The Colombo, a screw-steamer, which took out the India mail from Southampton on the 20th ult., reached Malta in about eight days, after making a stop at Gibraltar. The distance between Southampton and Malta is 2,132 miles. This is the quickest voyage to Malta ever made. 66.5 60'3 ila, g., 1