The Sun. — London, England, 1864-01-19 00:00:00

1" 7 - 1 7, CIVIL WAR Zli AMERIC, r 7, 11t:) (From the 2'irne4 . corre:;:pelv.., NEW YORK, J4P, 5. The old year went out and the new year C 2,1711 in amid ouch warm though rainy weather, that the streets of t his ill-paved city were ankle deep in ash and mire ; and the roads of Virginia were is so soft, spongy, and greasy a state that desertion from the army of the Potomac was declared on high military authority to be " But the twenty fourth hour of 1864 had not tolled before the most potent of all scavengers, the frost, began to facili tate desertion and harden the road. The thermome ter suddenly fell from forty-two degrees above zero to nine degrees below; and a storm of wind of an intensity of cold that could scarcely have been sur passed in Siberia, or at the grave of Sir John Franklin, began to blow from the north-east. The water froze in the jugs and basins of sleeping apart medts. The bottled beer in the cellcrs was con verted into ice, and the milk in the pail or the ewer at the farm house or the store became as solid as glass. The tracks left by cartwheels in the mud were hardened into ridges as difficult to penetrate as it they had been of iron ; and desertion from the Army of the Potomac was feasible to any faint hearted warrior who had courage enough left to betake himself homewards. Several unhappy per sons were frozen to death in the streets of Philadel phia ; four Confederate prisoners perished or cold and exposure in a railroad car on the way from Jeffersonville to Chicago; and railway communica tion throughout the North and West was either greatly impeded by snow drifts or stopped alto gether. It is asserted that no such extremity of cold has been experienced south of Boothia Felix for the last half century ; and the journals from every part of the country continue to report from d a y t o day, the casualties and less of life that have occurred in consequence. On Saturday and Sunday the frost continued, but the bitter wind ceased to blow. Consequently all the world made merry out of doors. Men and women donned their furs and woollen comforters, and everybody who could skate hurried to the Central-park or ether places where t'nerd were ponds or sheets of water, to indulge in the favourite diversion of the Americans. Even on Sunday the gaieties did not slacken. The Central park was as jubilant with holiday-makers as Rome or Naples during the Carnival. Wealth, beauty, youth, and fashion, as well as poverty, ugliness, old age, and vulgarity, thronged to the scene of festi vity, and were as joyous as if skating were the supreme end and felicity of human existence, and as if no such thing as war were desolating the fairest portions of the Continent, and storing up, perhaps, for the present generation—most certainly for its successors—a harvest of agonies and evils such as the world has seldom witnessed. New Year's-day is a sore trial to the patience of public functionaries in America, and most of all to the President. Mr. Lincoln, who is reported to have caught the small-pox on a visit of philanthropy to the wretched negro barrack, or settlement, in the neighbourhood of Washington, having coropletely recovered from the attack, held the usual handshak ing levee at the White House, and went through the ordeal with unflinching bravery. To such of the crowd as he was personally acquainted with he gave a cordial greeting, and to some favoured few fired off his Western wit or humour with all his ancient hila rity. It was remarked as a novelty that there were no less than four negroes in the crowd, and that the President received them with special good humour. It is the first time in the existence of the Republic that a black man has dared to mingle in the throng on such an occasion, or to presume to think that his felicitations on the New Year were as acceptable as those of his white brother. As such the incident deserves to be recorded. Generally throughout the North, and especially in the New England States and in New York, the negroes celebrated on Friday evening, not alone the opening of another year, bat the first anniversary of the President's Proclamation of Emancipation. On these occasions, though the white friends of the negro race were advertised to make speeches in support of emancipation, very few were present. A sprinkling of white women were to be seen, together with a few prominent clergymen of all denominations, except the Episcopalian and the Roman Catholic ; but, with these exceptions, the negroes and mulattoes had it all to themselves. The only really prominent white man who lent his name, his presence, and his voice to the celebration was the Rev. D. Bellows, a noted Unitarian clergyman of this city. This gentleman, like Mr. Wendell Phillips, Mr. Ward Beecher, and the other zealots, lay and clerical, of Abolitionism, mingles no little malignity for the white race with his philanthropy for the blacks. Mr. Wendell Phillips is of opinion, in his animosity against the siaveholders, that true justice will not be done to the negroes until the Southern Confederacy shall have been parcelled out among them in small farms, and the " mean whites" com pelled to labour for them. Dr, Bellows rides the Abolition hobby almost as unmercifully; and de clared at the Emancipation Jubilee of New Year's vight that the anniversary which the coloured mcn had met to o.debrate "deserved to stand alongside of the birth of Jesus Christ." He thought that if white men had been subjected to the same indignities as the black the white race would have deteriorated, and that our present Christian civilisation would have been impossible. Setting at nought the experience of all ages and the palpable evidence of anatomy, he affirmed the difference between the whites and the blacks to be nothing but a difference in external cir cumstances, and prophesied that in five or at most ten years the black race would be "suddenly elevated— make a great leap forward in civilisation—and be socially and politically regenerated." The white people present made no response, and the negroes themselves seemed to think the news too good to be true. But the reverend negrophiliat, nothing daunted, repeated last night, at a second meeting of coloured people, all his sanguine vaticinations of the future of their race, advised them not to be called nr to call themselves" coloured," but boldly to insist upon being designated " blacks," for were there not " red men," "yellow men," and " white men," and were not all these " coloured ? ' He himself, he said, was coloured, but his colour was not black. He regretted to see so few white men present of the class that might be regarded as repre sentatives of public opinion ; but God Almighty was the author of the Proclamation of Emancipa tion, and not President Lincoln, and God s help rather than man's, would render its policy triumphant over all obstacles. Mr. Charles Sumner, whose name was placarded all over the city as in tending to be present and make an oration, failed to appear, but sent a letter apologising for his ab sence, in which he said, that wherever he was he would celebrate the proclamation in his heart, be cause the proclamation was the k e y t o victory and peace—that without it v i ctory would have been doubtful and peace impossible, whereas both were now certain. Mr. Sumner, like Mr. Wendell Phillips, is in earnest on this questi on , an d : 0, no doubt, is the great body of the Unitarian and Pres byterian clergy ; but they stand in a sma ll mino rity. No public man who aspires to political honours or office cares to identify himself with their Proceedings, and the whole business community and the entire mass of the labouring population keep as studiously aloof from abolitionism as the shopkee pers of Paris from socialism and com munism. t 'the e churches may deplore this fact, and. attribu it to the innate wickedness of the heart of fallen hu.nanity ; but it is a fact, never theless, and none know it so well as the negroes themselves, or hope less from the emancipation of their Southern brethren than they do. As the great question of the constitutionality of the proclamation, by which Mr. Lincoln endea voured to set aside the State laws of one-half of th e late Federal Union, must shortly anxiety tried e , b i e n f s o r t e c; t e e Supreme Court , considerable felt at 'Washingt on on the su b- 6 subject of that august end tribunal—the first a like in P ow er dignity in the Republic, and having within its co mpetency to set aside or annul the acts of the li. — ZOCUtive. It consists at present of ten Judges, of wh om six were a pp o i n t e d by the Democratic party in the halcyon days before Lincoln, and four by the R epu ,e.ans siece Me. Lincoln's cssomption of cffiee- The Chi e f Justice, the Hon, Roger B. Taney, of Baltimore, a man beloved in Maryland with a love seldom accorded by Americans, ,approghes his 90 th year, and has lately bseri e'erlTea teliiiiseni - bfißibtis indisposition. Great hopes were entertained by the - Republican pE.rly that this gentleman would either die or resign his cface, in either of wh'ch cases an Abolitionist and supporter et the Adm:nistration would have been appointed in his p . a.:T. Much to the disappointment of the White House and the Administration, he has recovered, and much to their disgust he has declared that he will not resign as long as he lives,—unless, indeed, a Democratic Pre sident should be elected in place of Mr. Lincoln, in which case he would debate the question whether it would not be better after his long services that he should retire into private life. The President, it is understood, desires to elevate Mr. Chase to Mr. Taney's position, for the double purpose of placing an Abolitionist on the Bench, and of removing out of the way i a formidable competitor for the honours of the Presidency. But the good constitution and the firm resolve of the venerable Chief Justice having prevented, at least for the present, the realisation of the project, it has become necessary to devise some other scheme for securing the deci sion of the Court in favour of the measure, which Mr. Lincoln's friends affirm to be the crowning glory and his opponents the crying shame of his administration. It has, therefore, been suggested that ten Judges are not sufficient to transact the business of the Supreme Court ; that the multifa riousness, complexity, and importance of the ques tions that come before it for decision have grown with the prosperity and enterprise of the country and that, if ten Judges had work enough 40 years ago, there is work enough at the present day for 14 at the least. In other words, Mr. Lincoln is urged to create by the consent of Congress four new Judges, who, being all of the Republican party, would give him in the Supreme Tribunal a majority of eight against six. In this case the obstinate Mr. Taney might continue to live to 150 without danger to the Republican cause, and everybody, except Mr. Chase, the Democratic party, and the friends of the Constitution " as it was," would have reason to be satisfied. The attempt will undoubt edly be made, with what success no one can at pre sent tell. If the American people submit to it, as they probably will, they will afford one more proof of their readiness to bend their necks to the yoke of that great military chieftain and dictator, that embryo Cromwell or Buonaparte, whose blood-red shadow looms ominously on the horizon, A man of great mark and influence has just passed away. John Hughes, Catholic Archbishop of New York, died on Sunday, at the age of CS, from softening of the brain, and general prostration of the powers of life. He came to America a poor Irish boy, began life as shopman or assistant to a florist in New York, and, entering the Church at an early age, succeeded, by dint of pliancy, industry, and native talent, in working himself up to the high ecclesiastical position which he has held for the last 26 years, as bishop and archbishop. He exercised an enormous influence over the Irish Catholic popu lation—not so much for leading them in political affairs as for following the current of their opinions and prejudices, and for his thorough personal sym pathy in all their feelings of nationality. He was entirely a man of the people, and, if somewhat anti- English, was more so from policy than from convia tion. He was not an opponent of slavery, for if he had been he would have placed himself in anta gonism, not only to his Church, but to the senti ment of the whole Irish population. He was deliberately opposed to an enforced military con scription, and during the riots cf last July took no pains to conceal either from the Government or the people that he considered the draught unwise and unjust, if not tyrannical. As befitted his sacred character, he was a friend of peace, and, soaring high above the madness of the crowd to those serener attitudes of thought where passion has no foothold, he took occasion to impress upon the minds of the youthful students of the Etc lesiastical College of St Xavier, and upon those of his flock, that the liberty of the Republic was to be prized as something far more estimable than extent of territory, and that the happiness of a state was to be considered better worth securing than it " bigness." The Americans were not then in a condition to profit by his teach ing. Neither are they now. Neither does it ap pear that they ever will be. To be the " biggest " and most powerful nation in the world is their highest ambition. For that darling object, which, notwithstanding all their hopes and all their vaunts is no nearer than it was years ago, they have already sacrificed hundreds of thousands of lives, millions of treasure and legal and constitutional rights more precious than all the gold of the earth; and, worse than all, they are ready, if we may believe the governing party, to incur double and treble sacrifices of the same hind in the future, rather than renounce the idea of a con solidated Empire. Though it would have to be main tained at the cost of a Southern Poland, to be a per petual thorn in their sides, a chronic disease in the body politic, a standing peril to their liberty, a con stant drain upon their pockets and their temper, and a never-ceasing cause of anxiety and unhappiness, they crave it as the sum of all earthly desire. Empire was once considered the lust of kings only. The Americans, in their present temper, lust for it more ardently and unreasone.hly than any King or Em peror who ever troubled the world from Alexander ;o Napoleon. IRELAND. DUBLIN, lan. 13, Another special meeting of the corporation was held on Saturday, to consider the important ques tion whether the statue of the Agitator should be left iA the niche it occupies at the side of the City hall or be promoted to a more commanding position in the centre. The Conservative members opposed the contemplated change on the ground that it would be an unwise precedent to establish, and also that it would be giving O'Connell an apparent pre cedence over ono of her Majesty's ancestors—a statue of George 111, having formerly stood on the proposed site, from which it was removed because it spoilt the appearance of the hall. The debate lasted more than two hours, and, as on the previous occasion, bi_eame eztremely personal. Alderman Reynolds, who abused unsparingly all who differed from him, observed that there were some statues in the hall which he would willingly see removed— statues of Dutchmen, and worse than Datchmz-n. Dr. Lucas was a mad apothecary, and Grattan's name was not worthy to be mentioned in connexion with the Liberator's. Ultimalely his resolution was adopted by a majority of 13, amid groat cheering from the occupants of the gallery. The Federal agents are parservering in their en deavours to fill the thinned ranks of the American armies with the youths of Ireland. One of these persons has been pursuing his avocations in Gal way for the last week with considerable success, as appears from the following account in the Galway Express :—" The town of Galway has been conside rably enlivened this week by a visit of an Irish American, a native of Longhrea, who has kindly offered to take out to America, free, as many able bodied men as he can procure. As soon as the ob ject of the visit of Air. Feeny (for such is his name) was known, large numbers of our poor labourers proceeded to his Quarters anxious to be booked. He stated that ho had been commissioned by a railway contracting company to engage as many labouroes as he could in Ireland to work on railways. On their arrival a sum of .+.:2 per head is to be paid them to procure an outfit, and 8s a day is promised them on arrival at their destination, but where that is we have not been able to learn. Each man is to have 2s. per day stopped out of his salary, to reimburse his employers for the expense incurred. Large num bers are said to have entered their names on these terms. In Longhrea Mr. Feeny is said to have pro cured over 250 men, and in Galway, although the booking only commenced on Friday, more than 200 are said to have got their names enrolled. Whether these men are engaged us bona fide labourers or otherwise it is impossible to determine. It is said that Mr. Feeny was arrested under the Foreign En listment Act in Longhrea, on suspicion of enlisting for the Federal army, but as no proof could be had he was acquitted. RESIGNATION OF AN IRISH learn by electric tel:Traph rh4t the Dublin Evening Atail an nounces, on reliable authority, that Judge Ball irs about to " 4 2A , Ilia oat in the Court o Commou Th Alleged Child Murder at Limehouse, COMMITTAL OF THE I%IOTIIEIt. Yeateroay forenoon H. Raffles Walthew, the !loputy coroner, resumed, at the Victoria Tevern, Three Colt-lane, Limehonee, the iLquiry respecting the death of the male child of Rebacca Porter, said to have been murdered on Christmas-day. The prisoner, Rebecca Porter, a respectable look ing middle-aged woman, was brought up in the cus tody of Inspector Beare, under a warrant obtained from the Secretary of State It will be remembered that the accused had been for a period of five months in the service of the keeper of an eating-house in Hales-terrace, Lime house, and that, as she wore an immense crinoline, the suspicions of her mistress were at one time ex cited. The accused, however, indignantly denied the imputation, and gave notice that she would leave rather than leave off wearing crinoline. On Christ mas-day, while playing cards with the other ser vants, she was noticed to be ill, and, though she denied having given birth to a child, the deceased was found in a box. Mrs. S. Harris, 2, Hales-terrace, West India road, was re-called, and she stated that she did not know that the accused Lad prepared any baby -linen. Witness never saw any. Rebecca Porter used to sit at work in her room in the evenings for nearly the whole time. She was in service ; bat witness saw her make no preparation for a child. She worked for herself as well as for witness. When, on Christ mas-day, witness taxed her with having given birth to a child, she denied it for half an hour. She after wards showed the child to witness in her box, which was under her bad. She asked witness to allow her to bury the child, and to take her again into her service, but that could not be done. George Cronk, 330 K, said that on Christmas-day he was sent for by Mr. Harris. By the inspector's orders he then accompanied Mr. Brownfield, the divisional surgeon, to Mr. Harris's house. Ho saw the child in the box of the accused. There was a hassock in the box, and one or two other things, but no baby clothes. The prisoner said she had no questions to put to :he witnesses. The coroner then cautioned the accused in the usual manner, and asked her if sho wished to make any statement. The prisoner merely replied, " No, sir." Mrs. Harris, recalled, stated that she had been informed by the sister of the prisoner, that the pri soner had been married and had given birth to two children: These children were dead. "Witness did not inquire what was the cause of their deaths. The coroner then read over the depositions at length, and said that all the circumstances were of such a character as seemed to render a verdict of wilful murder inevitable. The medical man exam mined in the case indeed said that, though the child had fully breathed he could not conclusively say that the child had been fully born alive. But the other facts should not be overlooked—the deter- mined persistence in concealing her condition by means of a large crinoline—no clothes being pro• vided for the child, although the accused must have known that she had gone her full time—the denial for half an hour that she had given birth to any child—the concealment of the dead body in a box— and the marks of violence on the throat, which were plainly visible—all seemed to show a settled intention to make away with the child, and doubt less to deposit it in the street at a convenient oppor- tunity. The jury, after a long deliberation, returned a verdict of wilful murder against Rebecca Porter, but stated, in tendering their verdict, that had the law given them an option they would have brought in a verdict of manslaughter in preference, as they believed that there could have been no malice against the deceased, but that the mother had de prived it of life in an attempt to conceal the fact of its birth in order to avoid the shame of detection. The coroner then made out the warrant for the committal of the mother to Newgate for trial at the Central Criminal Court. Commercial Fraud at Sunderland. A commercial fraud of a disgraceful character has been brought to light at Sunderland. Mr. Thomas Kay, of the firm of Riches, Kay, and Marshall, merchants and shipbrokers, was a prominent mem ber of the Methodist body, and was held in high respect in Sunderland. He died suddenly on New- Year's-day, after returning from a " watch night meeting" at a Methodist chapel ; and it was then discovered that the deceased had been carrying on a system of obtaining cash to an unknown amount by means of fraudulent bills, in which the signa tures of persons dealing with the firm were used as acceptances without their knowledge or consent. His partners, who expected the firm was clearing about £2,000 a year, have been well nigh ruined by his deceit; and, instead of a comfortable balance of £4,000 in the hands of the bankers they found but £1,500, which may in all probability be condemned ou account of bills in the hands of the bank. The way in which deceased effected the fraud was this —ship captains are in the habit of drawing ad vances from the merchants or brokers who freight their vessels, in order to pay bills and port charges, and of receiving various gratuities. As the firm of Riches, Kay, and Marshall did a pretty extensive chartering business, such advances and payments were often made, and almost invariably by the deceased. The person to whom he paid an account was sure to be entertained with an interesting conversation on religions or other topics, according to taste, the ingenious merchant in the meantime folding and turning about a piece of blue paper, with an apparently careless air. On the paper were pencilled a few words of receipt for the amount advanced, and having a pen handed him. at some stage of the pro ceedings, the unsuspecting captain readily " put his name down," as requested. The deluded recipient of the advance having taken his departure, the wily merchant was then at liberty to unfold his paper, which assumed the form of a bill stamp, and the pencilled receipt being duly obliterated,the paper could be filled up to any amount, the signa ture of the person who had received the advance appearing across the paper in the form of an acceptance. Such was the repute of the firm that this sort of paper would be discounted to any amount by the banks, and as fast as the bills became duo they could bo easily replaced by nego tiable acceptances of the same character. It is not known what amount of bills of this kind may be running, for on the opening of the safe, after Mr. Kay's death, there were found no fewer than 150 blank bill stamps, bearing the names of various parties who had signed them innocently in the way we have already indicated. The stamps were princi• pally of is. and 2s. each, and they were no doubt in tended to be filled up and passed cif as genuine bills, so that deceased would have been able to obtain almost any amount of money from the dis counters. There is another story, to the effect that Mr. Kay got a well-known solicitor to make a will, disposing of a large amount of property with much form and pomposity, and on the strength of that easily induced the solicitor to lend him £2,000 or some such amount. Fortunately, however, the legal gentleman in question obtained back nearly the hole of the amount. It is generally supposed that the realisation of deceased's estate will cover all claims against the firm that may arise through deceased's course of conduct.—Newcastle Chronicle. ADVERTISEMENT.]—Avoid medicines: they always aggra vate chronic complaints, but Da Barry's Delicious Health Restoring ilevalenta Arabica. Food, which saves fifty times its cost in other remedies, invariably cures them, restoring perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, healthy liver, pure blood, refreshing sleep, functional regularity, and energy to the most disordered or enfeebled. We extract a few out of 60,000 Cures :—Cure No. 58,216 of the Marchioness de Brehan, Paris, of a ilver complaint, wasting away for seven y ears, debility, with a nervous palpitation all over, bad d 4., 'estion, constant sleeplessness, the most intolerable nervous aa it,ltion, and dreadfully low spirited.—Cure No. 1,771. Lord Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieut. of Waterford, of many years' dyspepsi. 4 l.—No. 49,832. "Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspopsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Jolly." —Cure No. 16,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derange • meat, and partial deafness.—Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies.—Cure No. 54,k16. The 116 v. Jas. T. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, "of indigestion and torpi dity of the liver, which had resiste I all medical treatment." In tins, I lb., is. 9d. ; 21b., 4s. 6d ; 51b., Ils. ; 121 b., 225. ; .41b 40s.—Barry iou Barry and Co., No. 77, Regent-street, London; also Fortnum and Mason ; and all Groccrs and Chvointo in every town el the VW - MI Zihactem Farewell Soiree to Mr. George Thompson, At Fuldley's Hotel, on Saturday evening, a farewell scErie, held under tho auspices o the Emancipation So ciety, was given to Mr, George Thompson, who will sail for the United :States on Saturday next. There was a very numerous attendance. Mr, William Evans, chairman of tho society, presided on tho occasion. The Czrximia.N having opened the proceedings, Mr. W. W. CIIESSON, the hon, secretary, road the ful• lowing letter : FROM Mn.. BRIGHT, M.P. Rochdale, Jan. 11. Dear Sir, —I cannot bo in London on Saturday, and can not therefore be :present at the proposed farewell meeting to Mr. Thompson. I should like to shako him by the hand and to give him my good wishes before he sails for the United States, I remember his visit to this town, 30 years ago, on his mission on behalf of the slave in the English colonies. I remember his speech, and the effect it produced upon me. I have heard as many speeches as most men since then, in and out of Parliament; but I have never since heard a speech so moving in its eloquence and so grand in its object as that which he delivered in this town. I have always considered Mr. Thompson as the real liberator of the slaves in the English colonies; for without his com manding eloquence, made irresistible by the blessedness of his cause, I do not think all the other agencies then at work would have produced their freedom. And now, 30 years later, Mr. Thompson will have the opportunity of seeing with his own eyes the process of libe ration in America—not a peaceable process as ours was, because with us slaves were comparatively few, and the power of the slaveowners small, but liberation through the process of a desperate war, intended by the slaveowners to make slavery perpetual. Whilst he will grieve over the calamities of the war he will look through them to the esta blishment of freedom ov er the whole of the N orth American continent, and he nnlY see in the not distant future the abolition of slavery in Cabe and in. Brazil, for I am per that when the "United States are free from slavery as England is, the united opinion of the two nations will do much to destroy the evil in every professing Christian country, I have not spoken o f IV.r. Thompson's labours in other causes besides that of the destruction of slavery ; they are known to most of those who will be with you on Saturday evening. 1 can say honestly, and I say it with pleasure, that during the last 30 years there has been no movement on behalf of any good cause, and there has been no victory in this country to freedom and the people, in which he has not borne an honourable part. I wish him all success in everything to which he may devote himself, and that he may witness more and more the growth and the fruit of the great principles which he has done so much to impress upon the minds of men. Re gretting much that I cannot be with you.—l are, very truly yours, (Signed) JOILY BRIGHT. F. W. Chesson, Esq. Letters from several other g entlemen of distinction, ex pressing regret that they could net bepresent, were also read to the meeting. The address to Mr. Thompson was as follows ; To GEOLGE TI/OMPSON, ESQ. You have twice visited the United States in the service of negro emancipation-3 cause dear to freedom and philan thropy. On your first visit, nearly 30 years ago, you were attended by the admiration and good wishes of a vast majo rity of your countrym€n, rejoicing in that great triumph of justice and humanity—the abolition of British colonial slavery—which your ardent eloquence had immensely aided. At the time of your second visit, 15 years later, you were the representative in the House of Commons of one of the largest of English constituencies —a dignity conferred upon you with unexampled enthusiasm in recognition of your labours for every form of freedom and progress. You have since received abundant evidence that the heart of your old constituents and of the British people is faithful to the principle of universal freedom—faithful to the claims of the negro to be regarded as a man and a brother—faithful to the champions of his cause--and faithful to the Govern ment that has dared to incur the utmost perils which can threaten a commonwealth, rather than abandon the enslaved to perpetual bondage and degradation. Now, on the eve of your third voyage in the track of the Pilgrim Fathers, we bid you God speed to the great and goodly land which they opened up to the adventures and hopes of humanity--we Lid you God speed as a fellowlabourer beloved and honoured —and we charge you w - ah a message of friendship, congra tulation, and encouragement to our brethren of the Ameri can Republic. " It is as members and friends of the London Emancipa tion Society we offer yoe these words of temporary farewell. Associated together at a crisis in the history of both coun tries—organised for the special purpose of informing the British public, and of comforting with their sympathy our Amerian kinsmen—we owe more to you than to any man of our number. With unwearied zeal, with unfailing eloquence, with a perect knowledge of the great theme, with unequal led powers of instruction and persuasion—you have toiled with us and with kindred associations at a sacrifice of health and comfort which demands our cordial gratitude. We are glad to be able to spare you—as we could not have done 12 months since. Thenthcre was widespread error as to the is sues involved in the civil war, which we knew to be the death struggle of the slave power. Though not for s moment did the heart of the British people hesitate between the negro and his master, there was much hesitation to believe the Go vernment and loyal people of the United States engaged in a war of emancipation. Happily it is so no longer. Events have proved stronger than the strongest prejudices and doubts. But among those events we rank high the speeches by which acts of legislation and of war have been inter preted. Words are deeds, when bravely spoken in the right cause at the right moment, Such words have been y,,urs. They have been sharp to convince and strong to move. They have greatly helped to set the heart and mind of England, wholly and firmly, on the side of the Free States fighting for freedom—on the side of Abraham Lincoln, the first Pre sident of the American Republic who has ruled in the spirit of the American Declaration, All men are by nature free and equal.' " Tell him, we pray yea, that the people of England honour him for the wisdom, the courage, and the constancy he has displayed, that they thank the God who raised him up to deliver an oppressed people mad to purify a polluted commonwealth. Tell Mr. Seward and the statesmen of the Republic that England will honour them in proportion as they aro faithful to the proclamation of freedom. Tell the Sumners and Greelys to preach by tongue and pen conti nually that England will be the firm friend of America through whatever misunderstanding or estrangement may arise. Above all, tell Garrison and Philipps—the New England A.bolitionists — Aie old guard of the emancipation army—that the mother country holds their services in the warmest remembrance as the very worthiest offspring of our common ancestry. These messages you will be free to speak. At your first going to America, even Boston refused you a hearing. A t your second, New York was unprepared to re ceive you. Now, Washington itself will give you a welcome. The Republic will hail you as a faithful friend. Wo confide y.) u to its keeping. We pray God to guard you by His pro vidence. We shall look for your return bearing the trophies of happy victory in a holy war—the glad tidings that the Union has been resto r e d, slavery utterly abolished, peac e a nd freedom ruling securely ever all the vas t domain which oppression tried to w rest b y civil war from the p ossession or the hopes of civilised mankind. In the hope that you will return thus rewarded for the labour and the perils of your anti -slavery career, we bid you affectionate farewell." Mr. 11, VINCENT, in an eloquent speech, moved the adoption of the address. M. VICTOR SCHIBLCHER,UndOT Minister of Marine in the Provisional Government of IS-18,and the statesman by whom the Act of Emancipation in the French colonies was ori ginated and carried out, seconded the motion, which was supported by the Hon. F. 11. Morse, the American Consul in London; Mr. M. D. Conway, of Virginia; and the Rev. Sella Martin, formerly a slave in Kentucky. The address having been unanimously adopted, Mr. G. THOMPSON replied at considerable length, and expressed the pleasure with Which he was about to return to the United States to witness the altered state of things in that country; and he hoped that as he was present when revolution was in its cradle born, or rather when the aboli tion principle was first inaugurated, he might be privileged to see that principle triumphant and slavery overthrown while he was there. (Cheers.) Addresses having been delivered by the Rev. Dr. MASSIE and Mr. MASON JONES, the proceedings terminated with a vote of thanks to the chairman. WILD FOWL IN THE FIRTEE.—The frost has driven immense flocks of ducks, divers, widgeons curlews, and golden plovers up the Firth, and during the' past fortnight numbers have been shot in the neighbourhood of Inverness. On clear nights it is no uncommon thing to find about a dozen guns at the Longman alone. On Satur day, in consequence of ice, Kessock Foray was extremely difficult to navigate, and many poor birds, tamed by the intense cold, mounted these icy rafts, and suffered them• selves to float about in the tideway, until they fell an easy prey. Seagulls appear to suffer greatly from the frost. On Saturday they might have been taken with the hand along the banks of the river. They sat immovable for hours together, but no sooner did the thaw of Sunday set in than they all departed inland in search of food. On Monday afternoon there was only cue gull to be seen at the shore, in spite of the hundreds that were there two days previously. We understand there is a Lock of solan geese near Rose mackie, but that it is next to an impossibility to get within gunshot.—lnverness Courier. [ADVERTISEMENT.] —Holloway's Ointment and Pills. — Useful Knowledge.—The successful treatment of tho great mass of disease is not so great a mystery as many may suppose. Purify tho blood and disease departs. Hollo way's remedies effect this purification most satisfactorily and completely. Both medicaments may be beneficially used by the most inexperienced, under whose care the very worst of cases will progress favou rabl y a n d terminate happily by using Holloway's renowned remedies according to the instructions which are printed and wrapped round each pot and box. They speedily rectify all Junctional disorders, and will be found superior to all other means for mitigating the sufferings of those unfortunately aff,cled by incurable maladies. The discoverer of these health-pro. serving and health-restoring remedies has, with jtlstice, bowl called the isGeuertid 134legactez et PlalAkiud,'", RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. MELBOURNE AND HOBSON'S BAY. The report of the directors of this company congratulates the proprietors on the traffic receipts of the Sandridge and St. Kilda lines presentin•satisfactory results. During the greater portion of the last six months the company's pier has been fully occupied by vessels, including the largest ships which enter the bay. The portion of the pier origi nally constructed on sunken ships will shortly be completed and made equal in strength and durability to any other portion of the pier. The coal traffic is also increasing at the pier considerably, and a further extension of that traffic may be fairly anticipated, while from the recent arrangements made for the reception of wool at the new sheds at Sandridge, for shipment to the company's pier, a much larger quantity of that important article of export will be forwarded by the Sandridge line than hereto fore. The traffic receipts for the past six months show a gross profit, after the deduction of interest on debentures and payment of working expenses, of £19,251. This amount is more than equivalent to 91 per cent. per annum on the capital stock of the company, and had the weather not been so very unpropitious for travelling and sea-bathing during the last month of the half-year, a dividend at the rate of 10 per cent, could easily have been declared. The directors, therefore, recommend that a dividend at the rate of 9 per cent. per annum be declared, leaving a balance of £1,251. The engineer reports that the whole of the permanent way is in excellent order, and that the locomotives and other rolling stock of the company are always kept in the highest state of efficiency. The capital account shows that the total expenditure on the main line and works to Oct, 31, 1803, amounts to £387,800, and on the St. Kilda branch to £113,885, together £501,685. The revenue account for the six months ending Oct. 31 last shows that £35,546 had been received, and £12,713, or 35.76 per cent., expended, leaving a balance of £22,833. From this is deducted £3,512 for in terest on loans, leaving a balance of £19,251 available for dividend. The receipts per train mile amount to 10s 4d, and the expenses to 3s Bal, leaving the profit en the working Gs 711 per train mile. TEIGN VALLEY. It is proposed to extend this short line, which etas sanc tioned by Parliament last session, from one end of it to junctions with the South-Western and South Devon Rail ways at Exeter, a distance of 7 miles, and from the other end of the Teign Valley line, which is to be eight miles in length, an extension to Ashburton and Duckfsstleigh. The object of those proposed extensions, which Parliament will be asked to sanction in the ensuing session, is to form part of an inland line between Exeter and Plymouth, running close to the old coach road. RAILWAY BILLS. Yesterday the examining barristers, Messrs. Smith and Frere, appointed by the Houses of Lords and Commons to I inquire into the standing order prbofs required by Parlia ment in respect of railway and other bills, commenced the labours of the Session in committee-rooms of the House of Commons No. 16 and 17. The railway bills before the Examiners amount altogether to 330. Yesterday the num ber set down for hearing amounted to 25. The railway bills declared to have complied with the standing orders were as follows : LONDON, BRIGHTON, AND SOUTH COAST.—The object of the first bill was to provide increased accommodation and station at Kemp Town, Brighton, with two short branch railways, one terminating at Montagu-place, and the second with the main line, with power to raise £75,000 and borrow £25,000. Ths second bill is to enable the company to make a railway from the Ouso viaduct, on their main line, to Hailsham, and Bexhill, at a cost of £500,000; and the third bill proposes to provide improved railway commu nication between Tunbriege Wells and Eastbourne, and raise £250,000. EAST LONDON.—For the construction of a group of rail ways to connect by means of the Thames Tunnel, which it is intended to purchase for the purpose, the various railways on the Surrey side of the Thames with others on the Middle sex side, at an estimated cost of £2,015,000, and power to borrow £670,000. LONDON AND SOUTH-WESTERN.—For the construction of new lines from the North Devon at Umberleigh to North and South Molton, and to raise £120,000. Nolan LONDON,—For a new lino from Kingsland to Tot tenham, with power to raise £200,000 and borrow a similar sum, the London and North- Western Company subscribing also to increase their dock accommodation at Poplar. MIDLAND.—For a line from Chesterfield to Sheffield, at a cost of £155,000, and to borrow £151,000. NORTH STAFFORDSHIRE.—For extensions to Silverdale, Madeley, and Drayton, with power to raise £175,000 and borrow £55,000. EAST GLoCESTERSIIIII.E.—For railways from Chelten ham to Witney and Farringdon, at a cost of £300,000, and to borrow £200,000. The Bill of the Macclesfield and Cheshire Midland Junc tion was withdrawn. The following bills were partly heard and adjourned : Great Eastern (Metropolitan)—Daventry Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire—Leeds, Bradford, and Halifax —Buckfastleigh, Totncs, and South Devon—London and North-We.tcrn (for addition rd powers)—lroylake and Il fracombe. THE TOWNLEY CASE. REPLY OF THE DERBYSHIRE MAGISTRATES TO THE HOME SECRETARY'S COMMUNICATION. An important and numerously attended meeting of the Visiting Justices and Magistrates of Derbyshire was held at the County Gaol, Derby, on Friday last, when the cor respondence recently received from Sir George Grey was taken into consideration. After mature deliberation, a reply to the Home Secretary, asking for a public inquiry into Townley's state of mind, was unanimously adopted, and forwarded to Sir George Grey on Saturday evening. Tho following is the concluding and most important part of this reply : The report made to you by the Lunacy Commissioners on Dec. 28 seems to the magistrates not to support the certifi cate of the two justices and two medical men, but to show that Townley is now by law criminally responsible, and that the further inquiry sought by the magistrates ought to be made. The commissioners, after referring to their exa mination of the officials, proceed to say— " The result of this examination of the officials of the pri son may be stated briefly as in effect establishing, without dispute, that there has been substantially no change in the prisoner's mental state since the trial ; that such difference or alteration as may have been noted has bean an improve ment, and that ho has been altogether more at ease, more resigned, and at times even cheerful, since the scutence was passed upon him. Not at any time since he was first brought to the gaol, according to the testimony of all who have had the means of watching him closely, does he appear to have been more rational than he is at present." In a subsequent paragraph they say— "ln view of the extravagant opinions thus deliberately professed by him (the details aro appended to the report) of his extraordinarily perverted moral sense, and of the here ditary taint alleged, and apparently proved, to have existed in the family of the prisoner's grandmother, wo cannot con sider him to be of sound mind ; but his views of right and wrong, false as they are, appear to have been coherently acted upon, and with a full sense of what they involved. He reasons now as he auted in committing the murder." And they conclude their report thus— " Being of opinion, therefore, that the prisoner continues to bo now in the same mental state as when he committed the murder and underwent his trial, wo think that, apply ing the law as laid down by Mr. Baron Martin to this case, the prisoner, George Victor Townley, was justly convicted." The magistrates infer from this report that a man may be not of sound mind in a psychological sense, and yet be criminally responsible in a legal sense. And Mr. Gisborne, the surgeon to the gaol, has to-day made to the visiting justices the following statement, viz : —" I did not call the attention of the visiting justices to the state of Townley's mind, because I did not consider him legally insane." In the instructions to the commissioners it is stated that " Sir George Grey is of opinion that the verdict of the jury, in which Mr. Baron Martin concurs, decides the question as to the sanity of the prisoner at the time when the crime was committed." And as the commissioners have reported Townley to be in the same mental state as when "he committed the mur der," and that "he was justly convicted," it seems impos• aible to escape the conclusion that he is now criminally responsible. The verdict established the sanity of Townley at the time of the murder. The commissioners report, that there has not been any unfavourable change in his mental condition, therefore shows his sanity now. the magistrates, therefore, being now confirmed in their view by the report of the Lunacy Commissioners, again urge upon you the propriety and necessity of causing a full public inquiry to be made into Townley's sta t e of mind, and his criminal respensildlity. If the existing legal machinery is not deemed equal to the occasion, the meeting of P a rliament is at handhe the defect may be supplied. — W e are, sir, your mos webs dient servants, T. W. EVANS, M.P., Chairman of the Quarter Sessions. WM. MTSNDY, M.P.„ Chairman of the Visiting Justices. To the Hight Honourable Sir George Grey, Bart., Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Home Department. ------- CHARGE AGAINST A CONGREGATION. —On Sun day last the minister of a large congregation in Dundee was interrupted in the course of his forenoon ser mon by the repeated coughing of his auditors. Pausing in the midst of his observations, he addressed his congrega tion to the following effect :—" You go about the streets at the New Year time—you get drunk, and get cold, then you come hero and cough, cough like a park of artillery. I think I must give you a vacation of six weeks, that you may have time to get sober and regain your health again." He there after went on with his discourse, which was concluded amid much greater quiet than it had been tegun ; but just as the congregation were dismissing an indignant seatholder in the gallery rose up and loudly declared that the remarks of the pastor were nothing less than an insult to the whole congregation,- - 1702*; ciwrier, SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC jOURNALS. I POST.—Tlie course pursued by Aus:ria and Prussia in separating the from the other German Powers is one which appears dictated as much by the instinct of self-preservation as by hos tility to Denmark. Of coarse, as between Denmark and those Powera, the delivery of an ultimatum, with a. threat of immediate war, can only be re garded in cue light. If the Danish Government refuses, as is most probable, to comply with the peremptory demand of the two German Powers, and the latter thereupon proceed to execute their threat, war must ensue. But the singular course which events have taken at Frankfort, and the dis sension which has arisen in the Diet, compel in different spectators to form an estimate of the Austro-Prussian policy not as it stands alone, but as compared with tkat :Which the almost unanimous voice of Germany appears to demand. Considered purely and simply, nothing; can b© less defensible than the demands made by Austria and Prussia upon Denmark. Assuming, - for the sake of argu ment. that the November Constitution cannot be fully justified by the Danish Government, it does not supply either the German Confederation or any of the States composing it with a reasonable cause for invading Denmark : As regards the Confede- ration, it does not in its Federal capacity possess jurisdiction in. eithcr Denmark - proper or Schleswig, and, by the terins of its constitution, was never intended to possess the power of directing an aggres sive war. Austria and Prussia, as independent Powers, might of course set forth any pretext, how ever shallow, for invading Danmark or any other State; but, according to the modern code of inter national morality, they could not avoid the condem nation of Europe should they throw down the gage of battle in the false character of champions of constitutional government. It is not, however, on its abstract merits that the present conduct of Austria and Prussia must be judged. It isimpos- .„. Bible to avoid feeling that, whether rightly or wrongly, the Cabinets of Vienna and Berlin have COl3lO to the conclusion that a choice of evils was forced upon them, and they have chosen what they consider to be the least. It may be taken as an incontestable fact that those Cabinets have at no time favoured the pretensions of the Duke of Augustenburg. This is shown by their proposal in the Diet that the Duke should be compelled to withdraw from Holstein, and by their still later proposal to make the invasion of Schleswig contingent alone on the non-withdrawal of the November Constitution. If, on the accession o - C Jhristian IX., the Austrian and Prussian Govern ments affected to make his recognition dependen on the fulfilment of certain obligations, it is not unreasonable to suppose that they merely employed an empty threat to obtain concessions from the Danish Monarch. Not only formal obligations, but the strongest motives of self interest, bind Austria and Prussia to discourage the pretensions of the Duke of Augustenburg. Such, then, being the policy of the two leading Powers of the Confedera tion, let us see the state of circumstances with which they had to deal. Whatever influence Austria and Prussia may have hitherto exercised at Frankfort, the events of the past few weeks have shown them that iu the present crisis that influence is seriously diminished. When, on the death of the late King of Dcnmark,.the Duke of Augustenburg laid claim to the Duchies, the question of Federal execution was pending in the Diet. When, however, the chief powers proposed that Federal execution should ba carried out, it was by a very narrow ma jority that the proposal was sanctioned, the mino rity having been of opinion that the Federal forces should enter Holstein, not with the object of ob taining redress from Christian IX., but with th-t of placing the Duke of Augusteuburg upon the throne. 6ubsequent events proved that many of those States which on that occasion supported Aus tria and Prussia did so less from an intention to re eognise the claims of the Danish Monarch than from a desire to obtain easier access to the Duchy of Holstein. Unless the Diet professed to be simply enforcing domestic discipline, the Danes would not have evacuated the Duchy, and, consequently, such of the States as then supported the leading Powers, but have since opposed them, pursued a course re markable for its ingenuity. No sooner had the Federal forces obtained possession of Holstein than these States threw off the mask, and, without for mally declaring themselves in favour of the Duke of Augustenburg, offered a strenuous opposition to all proposals based on the assumption that Christian of Denmark was amenable, in the quality of a Ger man Prince, to the jurisdiction of the Confederation. The two chief Powers then found themselves in a minority. The resolution that the Pretender should be called upon to quit Holstein was rejected by a small majority, and Austria and Prussia for the first time found that they had lost the leadership of the Great Council at Frankfort. Events, however, seriously affecting the status quo were meanwhile rapidly accumulating. In Holstein a revolution had been accomplished in favour of the Duke of Augustenburg, and nothing remained but for the Federal Commissioners to transfer to him the au thority which they were exercising in the name of the Diet. The Federal forcee, having traversed Holstein, were massed on the banks oi the Eider, and nothing remained but for the majority in the Diet to give expression to their desires and bid their troops cross the Danish ‘frontier. In this juncture no course was open to the leading Powers save to forestall, if possible, the conclusion at which the Diet was to all appearances on the point of ar riving, by making the coins Lehi with Denmark rest on grounds distinct from the claims of the Duke of Augustenburg. In their attempt to do this Austria and Prussia were however again foiled. In this emergency the great Powers doubtless came to the conclusion that nothing was left to them es a moans of preventine . Germany from entering on a war of succession but to act independently of the Diet, and to rest the cause of quarrel with Denmark, not upon the supp ;sod usurpation of the King, but upon the violation of obligations incidental to his eovereignty in the Duchies. This they have done by effering to the Danish Government the ultima tum which we announced to the public yeeN , rday. That Denmark will refuse to comply with the de mands of the two German Poe; era thereis no reason to doubt. If she has hitherto set at defiance the entire Confederation, it is not probable that she will accede to the demands now made by Austria and Prussia. The Austrian and Prussian representa tives will doubtless quit Copenhagen, and war may be formally declared; but it is still possible that active hostilities may not instantly follow. The allied Powers of Prussia and Austria on one side, and Denmark on the other, would be the bellige rent parties; and the German Confederation—that is to sty, the minor German Powers,would no longer have a right to interpose in the pending dispute. Austria and Prussia would be the sole arbiters of the conditions on which they would be willing to conclude peace. Neither Austria nor Prussia can possibly wish for a serious war with Denmark, and we suspect that their present policy, however dan gerous, is pursued from a sole desire, in consequence of their defeat in the Diet, to become, so far as re gards the other German Powers, masters of the present situation. HERALD.—It seems to be an essential of the Dane- Gorman quarrel that it should be unintelligible to the last. Even previously to the accession of King Christian IX. to the throne of Denmark the Schleswig-Holstein affair was a puzzle to every European diplomatist, and an unfathomable mystery to the uninitiated public ; but within the last month it has become more and more complicated every day ; and we are now on the brink of an European war, in which in all probability this country will be compelled to choose sides, without the remotest knowledge as to who are to be the parties to the struggle, what are its objects, and what it is all about. We could understand something of the quarrel when it concerned Denmark and the Diet, and fancied we knew what the latter really wanted. But now one is fairly bewildered by the game of cross purposes which all the Powers interested and involved in the affair seem to be playing, and ono looks in vain for any solution except that of war. Take the Treaty of 1852, a solemn engagement entered into by all the Great Powers for the speci fied purpose of providing for the contingency which has arisen—the death of Frederic VII. of Denmark. We have England standing by it almost alone, France declaring it a failure, Prussia and Austria treating it as a conditional obligation, Saxony re pudiating it altogether. When it becomes a ques tion of supporting the treaty the whole responsi bility is left to Denmark. And yet the treaty is barely ten years old, and the whole European sus tem rests upon the due fulfilment of treaty obliga tions. The inconsistency is remarkable, but it is a trifling matter compared with the confused action of the German Powers. We have heard a great deal of German unity. If ever there was a question on which Vaterland would he unanimous this was the one. Yet it is impossible to conceive a more hopeless contrarity of opinion than has been exhi bited in the German Diet. We give the whole German people due credit for their magnanimous disregard of treatiee. Prussians, Saxons, and Co burgers agree on this point. But it is strange that the very first menace of collision with a neighbouring Power should, as it were necessarily, be followed by the immediate split up of the Diet. At present there is almost a doubt whether the arms of Austria and Prussia are to be turned against the Danes or against the minor German p ower s, Austria and Prussia are supposed—why we cannot imagine — to be very anxious to mai n t a i n th e Treaty of 1852. The minor German Powers are openly in favour of its repudiation. Austria and Prussia decline the occupation of Holstein and substitute execution. A fortnight later the same Powers propose the occu pativn of Schleewig , and th 9 mit= *40;05 refute their ascent. Whereupon there etiek.lrs for trea t)? rights present an n'Aimaturn to the Danish Goceru_ molar, and, in default of its acceptance, threaten,t occupy' i cupySchieswig and break the peace of E uro r , : Vlore s still one flagrant contradiction t o b 3 ,, l ,i e „ corded of the many-eidrd German mind. ."- Prussian people urges on its Government to We ll .: on, occupation, war. upon thi3 Schleswig- I ° 6°lu t question ; but when the King asks fora loa n t i o , carry out its martial intent he is snubbed. Th e lc / refused, The Prussian people would w ilitng 4 is see Kiel a German port, but'refuses to Pay the e 3,. of the annexation. The whole thing would be Ne i , crous but for its tragic aspect. The Austrian. an d u Prussian ultimatum has been presented and deoh n i e e ' bind i the envoys of the two Governments have ic' . Copennagen. Nothing else could have been bit pected. The German people have got the between their teeth and arc fairly running an with ith their Governments; the latter have beet` with the national passion until it h og °le ing st mastered them ; and now Austria and Prussia 13 11 / go with the stream. They cannot stultify thr 3 e f selves by patiently submitting to the re;ess, d their ultimatum. They probably intended, tv hoped, that it would be refused; otherwise trnit would never have addressed to an ind e ll n 'j e w cp European Power an ultimatum leaving only ,11 days for deliberation and reply. Moreover, even the presentation of the ultimatum has been Pr eclu e • by the significant announcement of military Pre, parations and movements of troops, wilic, ll - shadowed but too plainly the designs of W e 4..0 Powers. There seems, then, to be no a lter d for them but the occupation of Schleswig' a r n ,d, that means war, which may be ro comme n by the advance of the Prussian and Austrd'ii armies against the Danes, but which will a ssn tea bring other Powers into the field. F° r ; e 5 • occupation of Schleswig would be a direct agg' oo sion upon Denmark. The German Diet has "., 73:1 1 , - 6 5 locus stanch: upon the soil of Schleswig that' I ",i to upon Denmark proper, and the Danes are houll' o t resist the aggression. To counsel their abandon° d e of Schleswig to Austria and Prussia as the best 113 ,i ' l l e of preserving it as a Danish province is absurd. Iv Danes have retired from Holstein, and it is rc'c,t3heit Lionised. Prussia and Austria must retain '',"ber ascendancy in the Diet. They cannot afford a ll ° ;oe Rh einbund ; they cannot even face a union °Lhicit minor German Sovereigns for a purpose in their own peoples are heart and soul inters feat, and which they would be doing their best to derio In the present temper of Germany there can fib° little In doubt that the occupation of Sclaleswi „uefroa trooys would mean the realisation oft he u e ' n - der aspiration of a dukedom of Schleswig-Holste in ti l l be Frederick of Augustenburg, and the erasure ni r o, name of Denmark from the list of European P ° ::, be Denmark hes taken her course. It remains par seen what support she will receive from th e P"," it' to the. Treaty of 1852. We look in vain for 0 13 •Y t io dication of the policy of the British GoverntnePer Lord Russell's written despatches. Always spo re' tremes, never to bo relied upon, our Foreign 'Teti tary's forte seems to consist chiefly in enven ° . lll ,;trtig quarrel, preventing its pacific solution, and i rri „.,`" e to both the disputants. To-us the question sef i j e oro resolve itself into one of honour and policY. parties to the treaty which is now insolently " o °l ridden. We have an interest in the mainten°llooa the . integrity of the kingdom of Denmark• c i e tia faith and expediency alike demand that E i t tbe . should neither shirk her solemn responsibilitY act signatory of the Treaty of 1852 nor sanction i i) ; t to of aggression which will hold out a pre eeue i - e aot every potentate who has an army to move , AP nationality to offer, or a province to gain, COUNTRY MARKETS. COLCHESTER—JAN. 16. g rVt t 3; There was a tolerable supply of wheat at our 11 1 d 0 r - 4 day, with a good business doing, and prices rec e ' e pol qr. Barley in better demand, but scarce. Bean 0 late rates. Peas dull. 5 1 ° ffii Wheat, white. 45s 49s Beans,Mazaga ll *,. 1 ,2 9 , 24 j rcd - ' Barley Oat' GLOUCESTER—JAN.I 6 . te-39 "'II); There was a good show of English wheat 1 c the farmers, which met a fair sale at a decline ° r i c es qr. Foreign wheat dull, with no advance on 01 1 last week . Oats, barley, beans, and peas very do CHELMSFORD--JAN. 15. 00 , , o c r At this corn exchange to-day there was a layg°of 161)11 wheat, which met a very dull sale at a reductioa so cl 0 , quarter on the prices of last market day. Barlq u , le" other descriptions of grain unaltered in pric e, wil 3 - qo inactive trade. 3(3 5 39 0 Wheat, old white 30s 478 Peas, Partridge.•**3s6 of new 44s 50s White .......... vs :3 63 old r,;l 34s 40s Boiling • . ....... 336 ~4 new 3Ss 42s Dun ........••• _ 5 Barley 27s 37s Ditto new .... ... v , Chevalier 2Bs 39s Beans, Tick, 31a " ~...8 J o Grinding 22s 31s new. . 35 , ,i , Malt .. Chevalier . 64s 6951 306 Oats 20s 28s 1 Mazagan ''• " ' ' 7 We had g K o l o n d K su C pp A lits D o Y f b(lairl'lbAyi,NoaTsj,-. 16. tatell; an d wil e 3 O P' ile s raaiket to-d4v. Sales were slow, and prices for altered. Barley and oats 6d per qr down. • Wheat. Barley. Oats. First ....36s Od 2ss 6d 165 Od Second ..36s 6d 26a 6d I 16s 6d Third....39s_od as Od I.Bs Od COAL Priocs of Coal per Ton at o. d. MARKET. the dole of Clio Oll let. 0. 4 0 Wails Vo cl ' 2 4 6 Holton ......... 6 Riddell ..... ....• " 2- 6 Tees Gosforth ......... ' ISGuth Hettou.. • • '4 2" 0 Cass ........ •• • ' .‘ 2 3 South Hartlepool... • ' it, 51; sold, 49. • Lambert's West Hart-7 ley . 19 6 Tan&ld Moor Bates-18 0 Hartlepool W. liartleylB 6 Cowpen Hartley 19 6 Eden Main .....22 6 West Hartley lO 6 iVe.ils End. Auckland Park ..23 0 Ships at market Foreign Nail Packet List. MAILS DUE. JO' 1',3. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton.•••'..3o°„' 3, clrazil and Cape Verds, b l y la D lN r i it a i i s .s h eil p l a e clo . ; . ''''' . ;::4 ' 1i ',. ; 1 5g: Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Ilele°V ) P ° '',.' s ' to , pa. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southall'? via Marseil le° ", 15' ''' " Joe' 1.3. Falkland Islands 1:,, Gibraltar, via Southampton .............. ~' Js nt , India (Calcutta), and Ceylon:via Southallllem.°lo'..o6, via Marseilles*. '' joa , , ) I, India (Bombay), via Southampton ........ ... I°l 3 ' _... ..... . • ,o, via Alarsoilles ......... .. Portugal.... ............................ • '' • al, Nialta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southaripton•••'';Je.: N op e o w r f t o o tm an d d i an \ td i g. 0 ....... :. a .. . Marseilles • ...:, ... i • : . ' . ; 1 ::. 20 ' ........... •0... U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. P 3c vt.." 3311 '''',?' by U.S. e c pac . X et 'i'eb. lv. Aiaa il , ~ .. • Jan b. oi W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Ten*lie ..... c ''" . 1.... • • 13ahateas, via New York ' ........ .... ~, n Al e e l xi ali pi o t m . s . o i. f a lV alliLiit .. est . Indies InClUdinZ:6ll.ll.l'.l;rt l 9 i ; 151 ::; ; ...... 5--- il .--, p. pc) Ol' ~ 0 i RECENT DISCOVERIES AT — III , e ii 19 0 %ill' the articles recently discovered at ro m . i: ship ; s l° lo oP head of Juno, in silver, of exquisite wor k ?' IL 3brOIIZ); fi ili o, body, in silver, but broken; a bridle -hit l la °la ma C oe, in the same metal complete, with Ov er / sus.r „ lo ot' •-e '' and extinguisher; a patera ; a largo and sash h olcrot winged And et a 1 11 , , , ` je ll with the handles terminated by cornucopia; other small vases in bronze; 0 13 ,.": 0 , JO" metal bearing the name of the master of th . 5 ,11ra i0._ ,,_/ the articles were found—Lucio Cornell° Di 3" Londen : PrinNA and Published by WlLDlftlll,:t.oLce Of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TnE p ric e GO Strand, in the Precinct of the; 3aioY. w" kliattieso4.c.—.llloclityp PALMY Vs Births. 7 llarlitl; BERNIIARDT.—On the 17th • t at N''' -?,,, ! 0 ' 1, terrace. Holland-street, C Junta" 11 ii--0151"' ctil te " ‘ 1 the wife of Frederic a r ---hl ' f a loll' le° de Bernhardt Esq., 0 u c , SP COOPER.—On the 16th inst., at Vernon T _ l •ra c' t'.- T. Sidney Cooper, Gm ._ ____ Esq., A.R.A., of aala _ 0, 64 N. Un the 16th inst., at 27, Princes.gardena. s ic° Leger Glyn, of a daugter. ,O GOO" jElnlYN.—On the 15th inst., at IctWorth) o .' etA r il Ajerthyn, of a daughter. ivirs, G n T nit. —On the 18th inst,, a t Su rbitoUs 1`.." Gardner, of a son, Marriages. bli p, in 960P1i CONNOLLY—JrLLICOR.—On the 11th istloliicoil, .1.1., John Cor 11' of that city, to Anne_" J ellicoe, 0,,,/ daughter of the late and granddaughter re o a f lre alnadteer tireaJrjbrailarji j" ''' . o King, Bart. Saint gt3rll; EDW kRDS—JANES.—On the 14th inst.,. at 4 I'Dtls ° Brewery, Barnet, Mr. Hayward EdwarthZter 0 _ ane to Augusta, youngest a late George J s, V dtorEci. of Hunter's Hall, 1 a 0; 11 Deaths. 0 0 ARKWRICIIIT.—On the l6th lust., at B Bo ILL.—On Arkwright, E the 17th inst.sq., aged 59. e, ' r ightaf , VP A bledon, Benjamin Bovill, 'a t Durnsford 140:1g 4 Esq., a ged S 9. 1 P (l4 BIRCIIXLI,.—On the 16 th ins t., Samuel Birchlti I l'''t John 4 _ I I, A Springiield House, Leeds , a g ed 45.J0 .V RNELL,—On the 17th inst. , at Islewortb) Esq , aged 70. li e GODWIN On the 1 7th inst,, at Bost, Ni &IRO' ,i f e, Godwin ' , Esq., aged 91. ilatilr LEMPRIERE.—On the 16th inst., at l'elhan ' ,fo' Admiral George Oury Lempriere, aged 77. ~ a f' SEwELL.—On the 17th inst., Mr. John. SoiVe"' 0,31 street, city. u -r ' TOWNSEND —Ou io 11ii 6 ;7„ the 17th inst,, at Leviis i g 0 40 , , INeweres, Captain James Townsend, It. 1 ... ..,..0 i ---j".....---r-rn -- It °-'l.J'4l; THE SUN, -LONDON, 1