The Sun. — London, England, 1863-08-27 00:00:00

THE POLISH INSURRECTION. (from the Special Correspondent of the Times.) LEMBERG, Aug. 18. It is very difficult to know how the insurrection is really going on in the kingdom of Poland_ As regards Galicia, expedition atter expedition is sent forth, and always meets with the same fate. But if these expeditions do no other good, they at least have the effect of keeping an immense cordon of R u ssian troops constantly occupied, and they must be regarded as positive proofs that the energy of the Poles and their determination to hold out until the last possible moment have in no way abated. What ever Prince Gortschakofl's answer may be to the last new note, the Poles will not lay down their arms, and preparations are already being made for con tinuing the war against Russia throughout the winter. The Poles are probably no more on the point of expelling the Russians from Poland now than they were four or five months ago ; but, what ever may be the exact position and prospect of the armed insurrection, it is certain that the power of the National Government has gone on constantly. increasing from the beginning. Like most other Governments, it has its admirers and its detractors, but, unlike most other Governments, it is promptly and universally obeyed. I have heard a few com plaints as to the forced loan from persons not anxious to subscribe to it. On the other hand, a proprietor living near Cracow is known to have put his name down for 100,000 Polish florins at the very earliest opportunity. The sum required from each proprie tor is calculated on the amount of taxes payable by him to the National Government, which amount, by the way, in Galicia, is now equal to 50 per cent. on the taxation levied by the Austrians. The National Government now goes through its operations with great regularity, and, by way of making its organisation and mode of action as public as possible, has lately printed in its official journals a:series of laws, with a list (not nominal, of course,) of judges and officers comprising its tribunals. The " penal law," first put in force in the month of June, declares, by its first clause, that all acts tend ing to weaken the National Government, to check the progress of the revolutionary movement, and generally all acts injurious to the national cause are to be considered State crimes. The second clause sets forth the various punish ments to be inflicted for State crimes. They are as follows :--1• Death; 2. Public disgrace, to be noti fied through the journals ; 3. Banishment from home or from the country generally for a longer or shorter period. In cases meriting, by the terms of the law, capital punishment, if the punishment cannot be inflicted the offender is to be outlawed. "It is adopted as a principle" (says clause 3) "that every citizen has a right to accuse and de nounce another. This rule, however, admits of ex ceptions. Thee the Commissioners of the Govern ment, military as well as civil, the chiefs of Palati nates, and the officials employed at Warsaw, can only be brought before a tribunal by order of the National Government. District officials can be brought to trial on the accusation of the Govern ment Commissioner on the spot. It is for the tri bunal to decide whether the trial be proceeded with or not. 'Every person accused enjoys the right of defending himself.' " The fourth clause enacts that all sentences be announced in the public prints. As to the organisation and functions of the tribu nals, the National Government directs : " 1. That revolutionary tribunals be established in every district and in the city of Warsaw. "2. The jurisdiction of,the district revolutionary tribunals to extend only to those districts in which they were established. The revolutionary tribunals of Warsaw has jurisdiction over all the inhabitants of the town and suburbs without exception. " 3. The revolutionary tribunals have no autho rity over officers and soldiers on active service for whom separate courts-martial exist. " Each revolutionary tribunal to be composed of a president and two members. Judgment to be taken according to the decision of the majority. " 5. On the presentation of the Government Com missioners, the National Government will appoint to every district tribunal a president and two mem bers, to be confirmed on being sworn. The appoint ment of the members of revolutionary tribunals to depend exclusively on the National Government. " 6. A procurator will be appointed to each tri bunal by the National Government. In Warsaw the National Government will select a procurator from two candidates to be presented by the ' Insur rectional Organization' of the city. The procurator is the public accuser, and it will be his ditty to see that the law and its sentences are strictly executed. The revolutionary tribunals will pass sentence ac cording to the provisions of the penal law as con firmed by the National Government." A " complementary law" just published directs that the punishments ordered by the penal law al ready in force be only inflicted after the fullest in quiry, and in virtue of a sentence issued by the proper tribunal. Besides the punishments named in cause 2 of the penal law, the revolutionary tribunals have the power of inflicting other punishments to be indi cated by special decrees. The punishments named in clause 2 of the penal law may be inflicted on the author of an unjust and calumnious accusation which may have brought pain upon the accused or have subjected him to ju dicial proceedings. The discovery and denunciation of crime are, above all, the duty of the political and administrative authorities. Every denunciation must be submitted, in the first instance, to the consideration of the procura tor, who is authorised, even without instituting an inquiry, to declare it unfounded and leave it with out action. The defence to which every person accused has a right may either be written or spoken. A defence by word of mouth is allowed whenever the accused can be summoned to appear in person without ex poking the members of the tribunal to danger. It is for the procurator to decide, subject to the ap proval of the tribunal, what sort of defence is to be permitted. The decisions of each tribunal are final. The judg es must pronounce as to the sufficiency of evi dence against persons accused, " according to their conscience and moral convictions." In case the guilt o f a person accused cannot be established, a sort of I r i s h verdict is permitted, and he may be warned "to avoid in future even the shadow of crime." AVithin2o 24 hours of the 'passing of the sentence the tribunal es mates it to the procurator, who it must order execution immediately. In additio n to the e revolutionary tribunals in the palatinates, thre e courts have been ap pointed—one f or rill° Crown " (i.e. ; for Poland proper), one for LithuEtn:a a ,:t a ad one for " Ruthenia " (i.e., Volhynia, Podolia, is composedthe Ukraine). Each of the higher courts president and four judges, with a procurator of a or i attached ; presi. dent, judges, and procurator to be named directly by the National Government.l of its that the of these courts are irremovable Members .members, be forthwith. All Court itself may at once remove one and in that case must replace him f„: subsequent vacancies in the court to the same manner by the Court itself, filled up in The supreme courts, after a preliminary and g o u fled decision of the National Government, -haa; nuthoi ity to judg e -1. The members of the Nati onal Government; 2. The members cf the committee s in' Lithuania and Euthenia ; 3. The State Secretaries; 4. The Commissioners Plenipotentiary ; 5. The Go vernment Commissioners, military and civil; 6. Th e civil chiefs of the palatinates and of the city of War saw; 7. The directors of the committees; 8. The judges and procurators of the supreme court, and of the revolutionary tribnimis. The supreme courts decide according to the majo rity of votes. Their sentences are final and without appeal. The revolutionary tribunals perform their duties in the chief towns of their particular palatinates. Nee'ertbeless, within the sphere of its authority, a tribunal may move from place to place, and go to the very scene of the occurrence to be investigated in order to institute an inquiry en the spot. It appears that the National Government has also adopted a law for the press, /74 1-i en • i n a spirit of delicate flattery, it has imitated fr om France, The editors of the Polish national journals published at Warsaw, if they mistake the policy of the National Government, or in any way forget thomselves, re ceive a " warning," and after tT,to warnings their newspapers may be suppressed. Thus, not long since, the Prawda (Truth) hav 4 .ng stated, as if in justification of its name, that the Polish insurrec tion, unless aided from abroad, •m:ust ultimately fail, was warned so severely that it soon afterwards died. The system of press warnin,gs, by the way, - is not the only modern French idea, which, on various pre texts, has been introduced o r attempted to be in troduced into Poland; ind d, almost every great injustice that has been recently committed in that unhappy country has found defenders to argue that, after all, the same thing has been done and may be done again imperial France. The Marquis Wielopoiski is ki 'own to entertain a great admiration for Napoleon 3.11.—n0t perhaps for his system, but for the manner in which he has main tained it. Nothing is more probable than that when the Marquis determined to execute the conscription by designation he was thinking of the French Em peror and of what that Sovereign would do under similar circumstances; at all events, those of the Marquis Wielopolski's former friends who still seek on occasions to justify or explain away the one crime of his political life, do so by asking whether, after all, a measure of forced recruitment, which would have taken away those subjected to it from their homes for a few years, can be compared for cruelty to the wholesale system of " deportations" to Lambessa and Cayenne put in force by the third Napoleon after the coup d'etat. The Russian Pogo din, proposing to " annihilate the Polish element" in the Russo-Polish provinces, openly avows th at he takes the Emperor of the French as his model; and as the latter gives the Italian proprietors of Nice the privilege of leaving their birthplace if they do not like the French Government established there, so the former wishes that the Polish proprie tors of Ruthenia should be told to consider them selves Russians and stop or remain Poles and go away to the Kingdom. To address these arguments, hoNiever, to the Poles !- to jest with them in a very unbe coming manner. They hope for a French in tervention, and cannot be expected to examine too closely the life of the Sovereign who, sooner or later, is sure to render them assistance of some kind. That the National Government, which may now bs said to represent Poland, is no friend to an arbitrary irresponsible system of rule is suffi ciently shown by the fact that in the midst of all its difficulties it proclaims a regular legal system, and subjects even its own members to the authority of a tribunal whose judges are irremovable. ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE. HOME CIRCUIT.—CROYDON, Aug. 26. (Before Baron Bramwell and a Special Jury.) WOOLLEY V. POLE. THE CAMPDEN HOUSE FIRE,-SECOND DAY, The proceedings in this extraordinary cause were again resumed yesterday morning, at ten o'clock. Mr. Bovill, Q.C., Serjeait Ballantine, Mr. Mereweather, Mr. Henry James (specially retained), and Mr. Kosher, appeared for the plaintiff. Mr. Lush, Q.C., Mr. Denman, Q.C., and Mr. Garth, were for the defendant. The following additional evidence was adduced on behalf of the plaintiff : Mr. William Frederick Woolley said—l am the plaintiff in this action. In the year 1817 I married a lady named Cope. She had a very considerable fortune. I took Campden House immediately after the marriage. The rent was at first £2OO, but was afterwards raised to £290. This continued until the year 1854. (Upon the application of the learned counsel, Crozier, a witness who was to be examined for the plaintiff, and Temple, who was to be called for the defendant, were or dered to be out of Court while the plaintiff was being ex amined.) Examination continued—ln 1851 I purchased the lease of Campden House, which at this time had 90 years to run, for £6,000. The house was in a very dilapidated state when I took it. It was altogether out of repair, and many persons said I was mad to take it. I laid out considerable sums upon the building, both internally and externally. I fitted it up gradually, according to my own taste. I took out the whole of the grates and fitted in others according with the age at which the house was supposed to have been built. When I bought the lease the place was very much improved, but I continued the alterations afterwards, and the improve ments were going on down to the fire. Whenever I saw anything I thought would suit me I purchased it. I bought articles abroad and in country places, and, in fact, wherever I went. I once purchased an estate in Essex, because there was some remarkable carving in the farm-house attached to it. I think I gave £1,500 or £2,000 for the property. The carving was of the time of Henry VII., and it was very re markable. It was afterwards put up in the breakfast room at Campden House. I bought a great many pictures, both abroad and in England. I purchased some of the old Italian masters' pictures, which were not so much appreciated at the time, but which afterwards became very valuable. Some time ago I had an illness, and I was blind for two years, and my sight now is very bad, and for some time I have had a servant to go about with me. I can state that there were 28 panelled pictures in Campden House, and every one of those pictures were of great value. Some were by Spagno letti, and others by Yelasquez. I used to amuse myself sometimes by taking pictures out of frames and putting them in other positions. There were a great many framed pic tures all over the house. I had not a large number of look ing -glasses, because such things did not suit the style of the house. There was one large Florentine glass in the ball-room, which was very beautiful and valuable, and the frame was most elaborately carved. My brother-in-law, on one occasion, said he should notmind giving raeX4oo for this glass if a room in a house he was building in the Isle of Wight was large enough to hold it. I bought the furniture in the same way, from time to time, and when I saw any article that I thought would suit my house I purchased it. I gave 150 guineas for a dining-room table, and all the other furniture was in accordance with it. The house was full of furnitul e when the fire happened, and my friends used to say it was l ike a broker's shop. A good deal of garnish was used to bring up the old panelling, after some coats by of whit e pa i nt had been removed from it b my orders. I myself use d varnish for this purpose. The places . I have where it was used were the drawing-room, the hall, and staircase.theme . sisted m t y v e ani rly shi p art ng of par tlB 6e 2 f the n h e o v u e s r e . p n T r e h h i e s e w d a was any in 1861 varnish and h s y eelf a . A ma n named. Temple was in my ser vice, and his wife and a son lived with him. Temple was originally employed as a journeyman carpenter, and I paid him thirty-five shillings per week, but afterwards another arrangement was made. I should think I have laid out at least £7,000 or £B,OOO upon th . e hAousgoeo,dand deal d e l l doefcomraotendeyit wasand made it as perfect as I could paid to a gilder named Timbrell, who has died since the fire. I believe he was in my service for fourteenthe tyieae of our rs. My wif e ' s sister, Miss Cope, lived w ith h er from mar riage till my wife died. My w if e and her brother m and took as much interest in deco ra ti ng the house as I sis didt r myse lf. My wife's fortune was about £22,000 or X 25,000. This was in Russian Stock, and produced about X 1 OCO per annum. My wife had a large fortune b es id es this from ' her father, consisting of railway stock and debentures. I borrowed £13,000 on mortgage from my sister-in-law upon Campden House and the furniture in it. I used to allow the theatre on the premises to be used for amateur per formances for charitable purposes. Gas was laid on in the house. I very seldom gave evening parties after my wife died. I kept no horses or carriages, and ray establishment was very small. For several years I only kept a butler. I had no stock or wine in the cellar, and 1 only purchased small quantities. Besides the £13,000 I borrowed from my sister-in-law, I borrowed £3,000 from Mr. Borradailo, which was also lent upon the security of Campden House. In 1855, I let it to Colonel Waugh, and was about to go abroad, but I and my wife took a fancy to an old castle at Tunbridge Wells, and we hired it. No furniture was taken there from Campden House. Col. Waugh paid me twenty guineas per week for Campden House. He took away eome of myproperty without my consent, but 1 was paid for a portion of it. While I resided at Tunbridge I had the misfortune to lose my wife and child, and my health was very much affected in consequence of those losses. It was my only child. I remained for some time at Tunbridge after my wife's death, and when Col. Waugh left Campden House I went back there, and after some time I determined to go to Brighton. This was in 1859. 1 took an unfurnished house, a very small one, and the furniture I put into it was b roug ht f rom T un b r idge Castle. The re s t o f th e T un b r id ge furniture was sold by Tlct_ u ieoc se h . . It was a t thi s t i me that I insured the furniture in . Fe h at Brighton and in Campden House with the Sun Before I went to Brighton the first time I en tertained oAfilietting Campden House. At this time existence, and in IS6I, the mortgag®s insured. At this time es Cope and Mr. Borradaile were in at th their suggestion, the furniture was Paretfourniture was not insured at all, and the furniture w as There had Cope's security for the money she had advanced, neighbourhood, and Miss Coplen 18 d 59 and e n had been some fires in the her brother pressed for insured for ranee upon the build an insurance being effected. me to increase the amount of the insn'lleY had also pressed £4_ ,000. I asked ing, evhieh was at that time only ins) Temple if he could rebuild the house for 00 00 0 0 , and he laughed and said it could not be rebuilt for £2o' mun icated with Mr. Freeth, the surveyo r t o the Suinc."l- ho sent some one to look over th e property, and th e agre ed to take an insurance for LlO,OOO. In th e year 18be9 the amounts insured for were £12,0U0 upon the house, and £7,000 upon the fictiDgs. Tue Br;ghton furniture was in sured for £3,500. There were a great many pictures among the property at Brighton. They were insured for £2,000. Before I went to Brighton, in 1861, some articles were sent there from Campden House. There were a good many packages, because there were all the things belonging to Captain Cope and his sister and the servants. Some silver articles were also taken, but I cannot say exactly what was actually taken, because I had nothing to do with packing them up, Crozier, the butler, had to see to all this. In the year 1861 I was in negotiation with Mr. Mark Phillips for letting Campden House, but the negotiation went off because there was not sufficient stabling. He wanted stabling for twenty horses, and there was only room for three. I went backwards and forwards from Brighton to London several times at this period, and I think I had been at Campden. House about three weeks at the time the fire happened. I did some varnishing myself during this time. My butler, Crozier, occupied a bedroom that was only divided by a passage from my own bedroom. The house was dirty and dusty, and is order to protect the carving and the pictures I and Crozier covered them with paper and cloth. I believe that is the usual way to protect such things. The bedroom I have mentioned was not my usual bedroom but I preferred it because itwas more airy. Temple and his wife and child slept in an opposite part of the house, and I was well aware that they were there. I went to town on the ,day before the fire, in the evening about seven o'clock. During the day I had been engaged in covering up; some of the furniture, and Mrs. Temple saw me en gaged in this way. Crozier went with me to town, and we walked about tog e th er. I do not think it was more than 11 o'clock at night w h en: I returned to Campden House. There was no fire in my bedroom, and Crozier told me shortly afterwards that he had lighted it, but it was not yet burned up. When I went into the bedroom I found Crozier sitting by the fire. I am very helpless from my illness, and Crozier always assisted to undress me. On this evening he told me he was going down to put the gas out and shut up the house, and I accompanied him, and met Temple and his wife going up to bed, and he said as he passed me that he thought I was in the library, and if he had known I had been upstairs he should have turned the gas off. It was my custom frequently to see the house shut up, and when I had done so on this night I went up to bed, and I was in bed when Crozier left the room. I believe I went to sleep, and was awoke by some noise. Baron Bramwell —What time do you suppose it was when you went to bed ? Mr. Woolley—l cannot say. I did not take notice. It must have been before 12 o'clock. Examination continued—l at first fancied the noise was in my servant's room, and I listened, and heard a very heavy noise, as though something heavy had fallen. I opened the door, and found the house was on fire, and the smoke almost suffocated me, My first thought was the Temples, and I tried to get to them, but was unable to do so, and I screamed or called out, and went down a back staircase. Crozier, I be lieve, followed me, and we had several doors to open, and at length got into the garden, when I screamed and called for Temple, and then went round to Temple's side of the house. At this time the flames were coming out of the large window over the theatre. I found Mrs. Temple standing at the window of her room, and I begged her to remain, as I did not see any sign of immediate danger; but while Crozier was gone for a ladder she jumped out, and was a good deal in jured. The son was afterwards got out by means of the fire escape. I did not see Temple himself all this time. I had nothing on but my day shirt. I never had a night shirt, but used to wear the same shirt all day and night, and put on a fresh one in the morning. Mr. Freer was the first per son I remember seeing. I believe the police were at the front of the house, but I saw a policeman in the garden shortly afterwards, and I begged him for God's sake to get some assistance and procure the fire escape, and he replied that he was a stranger in the neighbourhood, and did not know where to go. I was removed to Mrs. Stevens', in Gloucester-place, and saw Temple there for the first time, and was glad to do so, as I thought he had been burned to death. I was very ill in consequence of my being exposed to the weather on the night of the fire. The whole of the furniture was in the house at the time of the fire, and I am not aware of anything having been recovered. Sergeant Ballantine—Now, I will ask you the question raised in this record. Did you set fire to that house ? Mr. Woolley—Certainly not. Sergeant Ballantine—Or employ any one else to do so ? Mr. Woolley—Certainly not. Sergeant Ballantine—Have you the slightest notion how the fire happened ? Mr. Woolley—l have not, except that I heard there was a fire in the green-room of the theatre on the evening before. Examination continued—At the request of the Sun Fire Office I made out the inventory of the furniture now pro duced. I was very ill at tile time, and my sister in-law assisted me to make it out. This inventory was sent in the first instance to my solicitor, Mr. Teesdale, and I afterwards corrected it for the use of the fire office. Temple did not assist me to make out this inventory. Crozier, the butler, did assist me, and I believe it to be a true and genuine claim, and that a great many things have, in point of fact, never been claimed for at ell. The inventory was then put in and read. At the end of it there was a long statement bz the plaintiff to the effact that he had estimated the value of a great many articles, not so much in reference to the original cost, but to their present value, from the alterations that had been made in them. It also stated that Mr. Temple, the principal carpenter at Campden House, had gone through the list and made his remarks upon it. The value of this portion of the property was estimated at £B,OOO, the insurance upon it being only Z 5,000. In further examination Mr.Wooley said that the moment he heard that any suspicion was entertained in relation to the fire he voluntarily offered to be examined by the solici tors to the Sun Fire Office. Cress -examined—I did not hear rumours very soon after the fire that I had set the house on fire. I had given an ac count of the fire previously to a Mr. Thompson to be in serted in the newspapers. There were no such rumours as I have alluded to at this time. I had various occupations before my marriage. I was once in a counting-house in Regent •street. I had no occupation immediately before my marriage. I was promised a situation with M. Ouvrard, the French financier, and I was afterwards employed by him and received £5O a year. I was once a member of a com pany of provincial actors, but I had no ealary. I did not re ceive a salary at Salisbury, and had no regular engagement. I had a great many friends in London, and they used to send me remittances. I know Raggett's Hotel. I know the family. I was not a waiter. I was not paid; at least I had no salary while I remained there. I don't recollect if I had. Mr. Raggett may have given me some money. This was 25 or 26 years ago. I am now 46 years old. I had no means, as you may say, when I married. I will most postively and solemnly swear I was not out of the house wittiCrozier after 12 o'clock on tht night of the fire. I swear I was not out at 3 o'clock in the morning. I did not fasten the back door or go to the back part of the house at all in the night. I sat on the staircase while Crozier was fastening up his own offices. We met the Temples on the staircase, but I do not remember that Crozier said to Temple that he and I were going to sit up very late that night. I swear I did not hear him say so. I do not know at what hour the fire broke out. I did not look, and all I thought about was the people in the house. I believe I thumped at Crozier's door as I went by. lam sure that the door leading into the kitchen was shut,and we had some difficulty in opening it. I then went round to the theatre. It seemed to me an age before I heard the police man's rattle, and I have said it was three-quarters of an hour after the fire was discovered, but I suppose I must hare been mistaken as to the time. I have no recollection of seeing any one before I saw Mr. Freare, but other per sons may have been there, but I am very blind and can hardly distinguish any one. I remember a policeman in quiring of me if there was anybody in the house. I was not very self-possessed. Mr. Lush—Why, you say in your report for the news papers that you were. Mr. Woolley—No one could be very self-possessed under such circumstances. I certainly knew sufficiently well what I was about,to request Mrs. Temple to remain quiet,and not to jump out of the window. When I was taken away the flames were not bursting out on every side of the house, I cannot say how long it took before the place was entirely burnt to the ground. The windows of the room I slept in on this night overlooked the leads of the house of a gentleman named Egg. My usual bedroom was at the other side of the house. The green room I have spoken about was under my usual bedroom. I did not see any smoke until after I had opened my bedroom-door. Several windows on the garden side of the house had neither blind nor curtain. (The wit uegspointed ou t on t h e model the windows that were i n th i s condition.) There w ere s h u tt ers t o th e l i b rar y window, anal v l i w ou il sto swearl that thos e s h u tt ers were c l ose d on th e n i g ht pre the fire. A piece of tapestry was hung beforo both the windows of the gallery. The object of the tap es t r y being h ung b efore the window was that it might be repaired and to show were the holes were, I believe that is the usual way to repair tapes tr y. l swear that there w as n o tapestry put to th e upper terrace rraee window . There was some tapestry hung up a t the north gallery window. Some dow las or carpet coverin g was nailed up np i n the hall which p ar tly covered the window ; th e object waa l t , ocover the whole of This the carving that had be e n c l eaned. drugget did not hide the view from without of what was going o s n o i f ns h ide the hall,' Campden House was surrounded byrow ous Mrs. Temple had provided me with a nee dl e and threads. and I had intend ad to mend the tapestry myself with the assistance of Mrs. Temple. The varnishing had been goi ng on three or four days before the fire. I believe that 40 pieces of paper were purchased for the purpose of covering the pictures and the carving. I am not aware that some of the paper was nailed to the ceiling and hung loosely t o t h e ground, but it is possible that some of it may have been so. I had hung up paper in the same manner on a previous oc casion when I left the house. I cannot say when this oc curred. it may have been seven or eight years ago. Besides the paper I purchased a considerable quantity of calico, or what I call sheeting, which was hung up over the pictures and the carving, in the same way as the paper. I never co vered the walls in this way before, only the carved work. There was a reason for doing so cn thisoccasion. We found the house had become so wretchedly dirty during our stay at Brighton that we determined to protect the furniture in future. I had purchased a quantity of candles before the fire. I cannot say if it was a cwt,, and will not swear whe ther it was that quantity or not. I think it was only so n _ l4,l Y dozen pounds. I d o no t remem b er th e name o f the pre at whose shoo I bought these candles, but I could find the shop again. I do not know what became of the bill for them. These candles were placed in a cupboard in the dining-roorn. The week before the fire I had taken down a great many books and spread them about open. My reason for doing so was. that they were mildewed and damp, and I wished to dry them. I had four suits of armour in the house shortly before the fire. They were worth £3O or £4O a piece. I had sent three suits of armour away a few months before. I swear I did not send these suits of armour away a few days before the fire. I will swear that no pictures were sent away from Campden house except a few that were removed to the Brighton house. I had several portraits of Queen Elizabeth, and one of Sir Anthony Brown, her Master of the Horse. Crozier accompanied me to twn on the morn ing before the fire. He has dined with me on several occasions, and we may have had chops together in ii. y bed room. lam in such a condition of health that I require some one to be constantly with me, as I occasionally fall down in a fit. By an arrangement with Colonel Waugh £2,000 was placed to my credit at the London and Eastern Bank. He was the head of that; bank at the time. He took the things away without my consent and in spite of me, and he said that his object was to repay himself the money he had lent me. lam not aware that he took away so many as 6J packages. I think that he left in 1856, but I cannot say positively, as I have a very bad memory for dates. I have not been in Italy since the year 1848. I gave more than 10s. or 15s. a-piece for some of them. I gave as much as £5O or £lOO for some of the pictures. I did buy some of them cheap. I may have bought some of them at a very low price, but I cannot say so low as 10.. or 15s. I may have only given 30s. for some of them. One of the pictures I gave £lOO for I think I purchased at Paris. It was a picture said to be by Velasquez. I think I may have given £l5O for a large altar piece, and it cost a good deal to clean it up, I may have given more for some of the other pic tures, but I do not recollect which of them I refer to. The Court was here adjourned for a short period, in order that the jury might obtain some refreshment, and upon their return the cross-examination was resumed. Mr. Woolley, in answer to further questions put to him in cross-examination, said—l did once ask Messrs. Rhodes and Nixon whether they thought they could sell the large glass for me. I think this was several months before the fire. They declined to remove the glass because they had no room large enough to receive it. The house at Brighton was not entirely furnished from Campden House. The furniture in the house at Tonbridge was sold by public auction. I cannot recollect whether I purchased any paintings in 1861 or in 1860, but 1 think I must have bought some in 1859. I do not consider I was in difficulties in 1859, '6O, o r '6l. I always had property I could realise money on if I chose. I have no recollection of being sued, but I remember my butcher sued me for £26 in 1860, but I am not aware that the debt had been owing for 12 years. lam not aware that Mr. Lee, the florist, refused to supply me with any more goods without payment. I know that he did supply good% and they are not paid for now, and therefore I infer that he never did refuse to leave any goods without the money. I dont know that I was pressed for rates and taxes, but I never pay any rates or taxes till the lastmoment. In 1861 Temple discounted a bill for £5O for me. I also asked him to discount two other bills for me. I dont remember asking a gentleman named Bonner to lend me £l,OOO in December, 1861, shortly before the fire. I do not remember ever having said that Campden Rouse was a great encumbrance to me, and that I had sunk between £55,000 and £60,000 there. I was very fond of the place, and therefore it was not likely that I should say that the house was an encumbrance to me. I was in the habit of giving bills, and sometimes I have had my bill s renewed. Mr. Temple i s a b u ild er . He lived in the house when I was away, and he has done a great deal of work for me. I owed him £llO at the time of the fire. I swear that the £l5O I represented that I gave for the dining-room table was not the amount of a bill that I had had renewed over and over again. I never said to Mrs. Temple that the expenses of Campden House were too much for me. I never consulted her as to how I was to reduce my expenditure. I did not tell her on any occasion that the garden cost me £5OO a year. It never did cost me so much as that, except perhaps for one year. I swear that two of the tables for which I have claimed £4O were not taken away by Colonel Waugh, and are not now in the possession of Sir Edward Lytton. I swear they were in the house at the time of the fire, at least I saw them there the day before it happened. Mr. Temple never told me that there w ere a good many t hi ngs in the invent or y th at were not in th e h ouse at all. I s wear that to the b es t o f my belief ev ery article I have claime d for was de stroyed in the fire, and l am quite posit i ve w ith respect to th e t wo tables that have been referred to. I have claimed £lOO for a bedstead which cost me a great deal less. Mr. Bovill said that the plaintiff stated that this was so in the claim he sent to the office. Cross-examination continued—l gave the particulars to Mr. Thompson to furnish a report to the newspapers. His report referred to absurd and unfounded reports as to the origin of the fire. I bad not heard any reports relative to the origin of the fire at this time, but there had been reports that I was burned severely, and that Mrs. Temple had been burned to death. The report in the newspapers, a local journal called the West London Observer, was read. It stated that the origin of the fire was a mystery, but that it might have arisen from abehahmildeainteghianngdfiprreeipnerotny was eoftfae flues, and that although the insured, its value was three times more than the a mount for which it was insured. Re -examined—Witness had always moved in good society and at one time was a good singer and was invited out a good deal on that account. He was quite sure that he did not go into the grounds with Crozier after twelve o'clock on the night of the fire. It was his ordinary custom to have a fire in his bedroom. The only reason for covering the pic tures and the carving with the paper and the calico was to protect them from the dust and dirt, and the paper was iiussocrdoepre,thanatd tahegrheoaltesmmanigyhotfbtehemmenwdeerde. the candles at the shop in Oxford-street, purchased in the neighbourhood. The reason for hanging the tapestry up to the window was to see where the stitches sWahetandittthndteeor reos ; pp r u j ue g edr h seti to hnoa n f aldirmithildreemg,aerdd, and d th h e e b h oo a k d s o , p t e h n e e h d ou th se e , m lik to e w pT e e s ra ratherple was damp, aware an of f h t e he hadfa fact, t . T frequently heT e m found Temples all old houses, d th ry e b th oo e k m s , damp never made any charge or suggestion against him. Colonel Waugh had something to do with the London and Eastern Bank, and was reputed to be a man of great wealth He did not pay witness any rent, but placed a certain sum of money to his credit on account, and he had no authority whatever to remove any of the property from Campden House ; and witness only heard by accident that he was doing so, and he immediately stopped him from taking any more away. There were two sofas at Sir Edward Lytton's house at Knebworth that were taken from Campden House by Col. Waugh, but they were not the same sofas he had put down in the inven tory. Witness was on good terms with his brother and sister in-law, and could obtain any money he required from them. They had advanced him large sums of money at different times. A letter was here put into the witness's hand, and he at first said he could not recognise the handwriting, but at length he said that it was his. The letter was read, and it appeared to refer to his havi ng taken a benefit at Salisbury in 1846. The plaintiff, however, declared that he was not regularly engaged as an actor at this time. At the request of the learned judge, the plaintiff repeated his evidence with relation to the fire, and he said that he could not account for having attempted in the first instance they to go to the assistance of the Templ es , i ns t ea d o f awa k en i ng his owne Jury va who was sleeping close by. T understood that the plaintiff did thump against Crozier's do or . hserry said servant, Crozier, that Baron Bramwell said he had done so, and they must not understand that ho suggested that there was any contradic tion. Ho was only anxious to got at the real facts. Mr. C. Freer said—l am ono of the senior clerks in the War-office. I was at Campden House on two occasions when entertainments were given for some charitable object, and that is the only way in which I was connected with the plaintiff. I was returning home about half-past three o'clock on the morning of the fire, and I and a policeman ran up to the house and he knocked at the front door, but could not get any answer, and I threw stones at the windows and broke some of them. I and the policeman afterwards got to the back of the house, and I there saw Mr. Woolley standing on the lawn in his shirt and calling for assistance. I also saw the man -servant, and a woman was lying on the lawn, and I was told that she had jumped out of the win dow. I heard Mr. Woolley exclaim, •‘ Oh, my poor Temple I oh, my poor Temple I oh, my poor house I" lam quite sure the policeman and myself were the first strangers who came to the back of the house. Mr. Woolley was very ex cited, and after ho had been taken to the house in Gloucester place, he fell down in a fit. (The witness pointed out in the model the place where the fire appeared to be burning when he arrived). I made some inquiries of Mr. Woolley as to what woke him, and he said th a t h e h ea rd a great noise .ed like t a h b e e l a a m t late Sir all i ng' On the following Frederick Slade, the ruins, and I was told that Mr. Woolley had gone t o Dr . Hamilton's. I have seen Mr. Woolley since, bu t Ido n ot who wasmorninga friend I a o c mine, 3 rnaen: o t think he recognised me. The witness added that after he got home he sent a suit of clothes for the use of Mr. Woolley, and he had never seen those clothes since. By the learned Judge—When I came up I could not see any fire from the windows of what is called the gallery. I do not think the fire had got sufficient hold at this time to have shown throughltbe windows. Dr. Hamilton said—l am a physician, and carry on my profession in Grafton-street. I have known Mr. Woolley seven years. He first complained of general nervous de rangement, and his sight was affected. I have been at Camp den House several times, and I noticed that it was magni ficently and abundantly furnished. Mr. Woolley was gene rally at work about the house when he was well. Upon some occasions 1 have seen books lying about open, appa rently for the purpose of drying them. I saw Mr. Woolley on the morning of the fire. He appeared in a very wild and excited state, and I was afraid of serious consequences, and took him to my house. He seemed to be very much excited about his lo ss , an d also on account of the Temples, and he wished me to go and make some inquiries about them. He was quite unfit to make out a statement of the property that was destroyed, and I ordered him not to do so. Thomas Crozier said--I have been in the service of the plaintiff for four years and a half. I was in the service of Col. Paget previously. I remember going with the family to Brighton in the autumn of 1861. Nothing was taken from Campden House in the eh9pe of film iture for the Brighton house. All that was taken was the plate, linen, and the usual necessaries for a family, and a harp for Miss Cope. I remember some questions being put to me about some sofas and a table• lam quite sure that they were all in the house at the time of the fire. Some inquiries were also made of me about some suits of armour, and I am quite sure they were in the house when the fire happened. I remember the tapestry being hung up at some of the windows shortly before the fire, and I know that the object of this being done was to see where the tapestry required repairing. There was a talk of Campden House being let to Mr. Mark Phillips at the end of 1861, and that gentleman came to look over it, but he found the stables were not large enough. At this time it was found that some of the pannellings and other places that had been varnished were very dirty, and it was necessary to varnish them over again, and then, in order to keep it clean, the work was covered up. I purchased several pieces of wall paper for this purpose, and the paper was placed over the paintings and the carved work, and fixed up with pins. I remember a quantity of candles being brought to Campden House. They had been purchased by Mr. Woolley, and I afterwards sent a portion of them to Brighton. On the day previous to the fire I accompanied Mr. Woolley to town and we dined together at a restaurant, and I took him home by Brompton. I cannot state exactly what time it was when wearrived at Campden House, but I should think it was about 11 o'clock at night. Mr. Woolley said that be would go to bed directly if his room was ready, and I went to it and found that the firs had not been lighted. I lighted the fire, and advised him to stay in the room where he was, which was warm from the gas having been alight in it, until his own fire burned up. He did so, and I went into the green-room and found Mr. and Mrs. Temple there engaged in frying sausages. (A laugh.) I then went upstairs again to Mr. Woolley, and told him that I was going downstairs to fasten up the house and turn the gas off, and he said he would go with me, and we went down together, and Mr, Woolley sat on the stairs while I locked up the kitchen offices. We met Temple and his wife as we were going down, and they said they were going to bed; but I am quite sure that I did not say that I and Mr. Woolley were going to sit up late that night. I will swear positively that neither Mr. Woolley nor myself was out of the house after 11 o'clock that night. I was asleep when the alarm was given, and the first thing I heard was Mr. Woolley calling out, "Temple," " Crozier," and then there was a thump at my door. I knew that Mr. Woolley was subject to fits, and I thought he had been attacked with one. I got up immediately and opened the door, and I then saw that the house was on fire. The front staircase was completely enveloped in flame. 1 heard Mr. Woolley call out, " Crozier, Temple, the back staircase ;" and I followed him downstairs. There were two doors to open before we could get into the garden; but after a short delay these doors were unlocked, and we went into the garden together. (The witness then detailed the circumstances that took place relative to the Temples being rescued, in the same terms as Mr. Woolley had done. He also said that while Mr. Woolley was making the inventory he reminded him of various articles that were in the house, and he said he was sure every article contained in the claim was on the premises at the time of the fire, and that two or three hundred articles that were also there had been omitted,) Mr. Mereweather then asked the witness the formal ques tions, whether he had himself set fire to the house, or whe ther he had employed any ono else to do so. He replied that he had not, and he should be very sorry to do such a thing. Cro ss - examined—He believed the candles had been sent in several months before the fire. He was sure they were not sent in so lately before the fire as a fortnight—at least he thought he could swear they were not. He paid for them himself. They came to £2 or £3, but he did not know what had become of the bill. He would swear positively that neither he nor Mr. Woolley was outside the house after 11 o'clock, and it was therefore impossible for any one to say that they were together out of the house after the time he had mentioned. The first person he saw at the fire was Mr. Freer, and he had no recollection of having seen a police man before he saw him. He was certain that he lighted the fire in Mr. Woolley's room on that night, and he did not remember telling Temple that the fire had gone low, and that he wanted some wood to make it burn up. He would swear that he did not say that he and Mr. Woolley were going to sit up very late that night, and that Mrs. Temple did not inquire what they were going to sit up for. He re membered some books being opened and placed about in the room for the purpose of airing and drying them ; but he de clared that when Mrs. Temple asked him what this was done for, he did not tell her that he thought Mr. Woolley was going read. When he was questioned by a gentle man connected with the fire office he admitted that he told him that as he was going to bed he caw a light in the greenroom. He stated the same thing now. He believed there was a light in that room, and it looked like the light of a candle. He knew that at this time Temple and his wife had gone to bed ; but still he did not think it strange there should be a light in the green-room, as he thought that perhaps some of Temple's relatives might have been sleeping there. He said he believed that forty pieces of paper were purchased for the purpose he had mentioned of covering over the pictures and the carving ; but he did not think they were all used for that purpose at the time of the fire. 1 1 Miss Julia Cope deposed that she was sister•in-law to the plaintiff, and she had been an inmate of his house ever since he married her sister. She had advanced £13,000 to Mr. Woolley upon the security of the building and its con. tents, and besides this she had lent him money to the ex• tent of some thousands of pounds. She said she was aware that Mr. Woolley expended large sums of money in deco rating and beautifying the house, and that he took very great interest in that pursuit, and she herself did the same. The witness then went on to say that it was with the con currence of herself and her brother, and indeed at their solicitation that the insurance upon the property had been raised to £12,000 upon the building, and £5,000 for the furniture. She believed that Mr. Woolley had expended at least £30,000 upon the house and its contents, and that it was most inadequately insured down to the period she referred to. She then proceeded to state most positively that the whole of the furniture was in the house at the time the fire happened, and that the claim that was made was not in any way exaggerated. She ooncluded by stating that she, her brother, and all her family always had and still enter tained the utmost confidence in Mr. Woolley, and were on the most friendly and intimate relations with him. Cross-examined—Witness's sister, who was married to the plaintiff, was older than she was. She had £35,000 for tune from her father, and witness had the same amount. She had lent Mr. Woolley £13,000, for which she had the security of a mortgage upon Campden House and its con tents, and in addition to this she had lent him between £3,.000 and £4,000 for which he had not given her any se curity whatever. She was aware that the whole of this money was spent in beautifying the house. She believed that Mr. Woolley's establishment was now supported from her resources entirely. Baron Bramwell asked the witness whether the Court was to understand that Mr. Woolley had no other resources but what were derived from her and her sister. She replied she knew of no other resources he had, but his wife brought him a very good fortune. Captain Cope deposed that he was brother of the late Mrs. Woolley, and that he was formerly in the 67th Regiment, and was aide- de-camp to Sir Robert Wilson at Gibraltar. Ho had lived several years in Campden House, and he could state that it was elegantly deco rated, and furnished in the most substantial and beautiful manner. He was not aware that his sister had made advances of money to Mr. Woolley, but he knew that the income she was entitled to was paid in to Mr. Woolley's accaunt. The witness th en went on to state that the furniture w as all in the house when the family went to Brighton at the end of 1861, and that no portion of it had been removed. Mr. James Cope, another brother of Mi ss C ope, gave s i m il a r evidence, aid the trial was then adjourned. THE LATE LORD CLYDE.—As every matter re lating to this gallant and distinguished soldier must at all times be interesting to the British public, we deem no apology wbatsoever requisite in calling the special atten tion of our readers to the life-size portrait model of the de parted hero, attired in military costume, which may now be seen in the Hall of Kings, at Madame Tassaud's Historical Gallery, in Baker-street. LORD CLYDE AT SAN SEBASTIAN.—At night, on the 24th, Graham ordered the assault. From the trenches to the points of attack was 300 yards along, and by way of the rocks of the sea shore, which were in the way of the march, and sippery from the quantity of sea weed growing upon them. A detachment under Colin Campbell, of the 9th (now Lord Clyde), accompanied by the engineer officer, Machet, with a ladder party, led the way. The Ist Royals, under Major Frazer, and the 38th, under Col. Greville, followed in support. It was quite dark when, at 5 in the morning, a globe of compression exploded, to their astonishment, in the midst of the defenders of the hornwork, and made a road for the stormers along the covered way, Frazer and the engineer officer, Harry Jones, first reached the bleach, and these brave soldiers rushed up it, Expecting that the troops would follow; but in the dark the men got scattered, and only attained the foot of the breach in small parties, and breathless, They soon mounted, but the steep descent from the top of this breach, which had not been broken, awed the stoutest of them. In fact, it was impossible to get down, In the meantime, some shells from Monte Orguno fell rapidly into the midst of them, and the enemy, from the houses and adjoining walls recovering their confidence, smote with their fire the head of the column. The flanking batteries, which had been prepared for that purpose, now opened with grape upon the crowded and sta• tionary assailants, and their ranks were torn in a dreadful manner. Frazer was killed amid the flaming buildings; the engineer Machet also was killed, and Jones struck down wounded. In vain did Greville, Cameron, Archimbeau, and other officers strive to rally the men, and refill the breach. Campbell again and again ascended it, but while all who were with him died, he, reserved for greater deeds, was only seriously wounded. Four officers of engineers, in eluding Sir Richard Fletcher, the chief, 44 officers of the line, and 500 men were killed, wounded, or taken prisoners in this dreadful assault. The troops were so clogged and massed that at last they could not move, and it was deter mined to raise a flag of truce to save the gallant fellows from being devoured by the adVancing tide, which already threatened them, and they were surrendered to tho cu t m y, ---4nna6s of tio; Wars of the kinsteenth cootter,y. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 27, 1863. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—The trial of a certain Frederick White at the Middlesex Sessions on Monday brings up the grievance of the ticket-of-leave man and his com plaint against society of which we have heard a good deal lately. Indeed, this poor victim of ill usage has been brought on the stage under such pathetic circumstances as, it was supposed, must soften even a heart of stone ; so affecting was his case that even handkerchiefs could hardly do justice to it. The tenderest sensibilities of nature rushed to his relief; the old blind beggar who has so long stood as the type of pitiable humanity was sup planted by a worthier object, and the opening line, braving the laws of rhythm, altered itself to " Pity the sorrows of a poor ticket-of-leave man." Hav ing a duty to perform to the public we are compelled to restrain our emotions on these occasions, and to look at facts soberly and calmly. Frederick White was, it appears, sent to Coldbath-fields Prison in 1819, and again in 1850 ; in 1852 he was sentenced to seven years' transportation, and in 1856 to six years' penal servitude. "On his last conviction he was sent to Gibraltar, and while there, being a practical tailor, he invented and made reversible trousers, for which, when he came to England, he wished to take out a patent, but he had not the means. Through the assistance of the Con vict Aid Society they were exhibited in the Great Exhibition, and the prisoner, as an exhibitor, had a free admission, and while in the building he acted as interpreter." The Commissioners did not like the constant presence of such a visitor in the place under their especial patronage, and withdrew his free admission. His next appearance before the public was at the Middlesex Sessions on Monday, where he was tried for stealing-a £2O Bank of England note. On presenting for payment the note, which had been stopped, he was put into the hands of a city detective, to whom he described himself as a bullion dealer, asserting that he had given the full value of the note in Prussian thalers. The officer appeared incredulous, and the prisoner took another tack, and made his captor a generous offer. " You had better take the £2O and let me go; I'll walk beside you and can get away quietly, and you need take no notice of it ; make your own bar gain." The officer's honesty still holding out the offer was increased. The prisoner, whose experi ence of mankind apparently agreed with Sir Robert Walpole's, that " every man has his price," pulled out of his pocket a bag and handed it to the officer, saying, " Well, then, take that." It contained £l2O stock. But Justice was still stern, and the prisoner is now entering upon another period of four years' penal servitude. These are the judicial statistics relating to Frederick White, and the case on his side and the excuse made for him is that " he endea voured to procure employment, but could not, as wherever he went it was bruited about that he was a returned convict, and at length he had no alterna tive but to return to a course of crime." Everybody, we are told, has illtreated this poor man. The Com. missioners ill-treated him in dismissing him from the Exhibition; the police have ill-treated him in let ting the fact that he was a returned convict be known. Why could not the commissioners say nothing, and the police say nothing ? If they had held their tongues and allowed the man another chance, he might have taken advantage of it and obtained employment somewhere. As it is, we are told the whole world of employment has been shut against this unfortunate Frederick White, and he has been compelled to take to stealing again to sup port himself. It must be admitted, then, that a ticket-of-leave man is placed under peculiar diffi culties with respect to obtaining employment by the fact being known that he is a ticket-of-leave man ; but we do not think he has on that account a right to expect that this fact should not be made known, and that those who are aware of it should let employers take him without the slightest hint or caution, or a word said about the person whom they are thus receiving into their employ. Should any bad result happen, and should the man after wards rob his employer, the latter might fairly turn round upon the police and say, " You ought not to have kept this a secret from me." The em ployer may fairly complain of having been kept in the dark, and represent himself as the victim of a system of concealment. Could the released convict have the advantage of such disguise without a vio lation of the rights of another man, he ought to have it, because every opportunity ought to be given him which can justly be given of procuring honest work; hut such an advantage cannot be given him without injustice to another man, and there fore he must do as well as he can without that ad vantage. The plain rights of the employer must be considered before we go to a work of benevolence— that of helping the liberated convict out of those difficulties which he had brought upon himself. He began the mischief; the disorder in the relations of himself to the world at large began with him, and therefore he is the person to bear the consequences of that disorder. The Commissioners of the Great Exhibition could not with justice to the public have allowed a ticket-of-leave man to go about with their certificate and mark of honour in the shape of a free admission, mixing with the rest of the visitors, and placing himself on the same level with the public at large. This man has stolen a £2O-note since his liberation,—what if he had stolen that note in the Exhibition, and while bearing the Com missioners' badge ? So, as a matter of fact, a system of concealment cannot be kept up without injustice to society, and the criminal must meet whatever re sults arise from his former history being known in those quarters which it concerns. if it be said that this is to shut the door of employment upon the re leased convict and to thrust hies back again upon a criminal life, we deny the alternative. It is true he is under difficulties, but not greater difficulties than by consistent, steady conduct he can surmount. To say that a man in this country, where the necessa ries of life are guaranteed to him by the law of the land, is obliged to steal in order to live, is simply untrue. He may be under a certain temptation to take this course, and there may be more obstacles to a right course in his case than in that of other men ; but that is a very different thing from being obliged to take the wrong course instead of the right one. A man who has begun as a criminal must be under difficulties on his return to an honest life; it is in vain to expect that he should not be ; it is an inevitable fault in his position from which nothing can wholly relieve him. There would be something wrong in the whole order of things under which we live if no such fault of position followed from such a start. But the diffi culties are difficulties and no more; they are not impossibilities. Let us suppose that nobody gives him employm en t a t fi rs t,—well, ho cannot, by the law of the land, starve, he must be living some where; wherever that may be he can show himself sincere in his professions; he can abstain from crime, he can obey directions, he can do the work allotted to him, even if it is breaking stones; he can be quiet, steady, civil, and respectful. If he is all this, and if he goes on being all this, he will be sure in course of time to obtain such an amount of confidence in his reformation as will justify a moderate recommenda tion to an ordinary employer. It is true, perhaps, that society contains a great many hardhearted philosophers who do not believe in repentance; who will tell you that their experience is against such a process, or, at any rate, against the reality of it; who think that whatever men have been, that at the bottom they are and that they will continue to be. Such men will not be the patrons of re formed criminals. But while this philosophy has many disciples, it is also true that a 'large class among us take the other side, and they exceed in the direction of benevolence and sentiment, that they hope the best in spite any past disappointments, and that they gaze with interest on the deadly struggle and warfare with evil in which the combatant, after a severe fall, stands on his legs again, and appa rently copes manfully with his antagonist. There is a considerable class whose bias is rather in favour of romantic revolutions in modern life, and whose predilection, if they would own it, favours the returning and repentant prodigal rather than the righteous who need no repentance. This amiable and philanthropical part of society would certainly not reject the reformed criminal whonould bring with him the testimonial of a certain period of good conduct and respectability. And once ad mitted to a situation, even though he is under a cloud at first, his re-establishment in life is secured ; a year or two's respectable employment is a recom mendation for good to the world at large, and a tes timonial which gives him a wholly fresh start. HERALD.—There have, been rumours of late, of frequent as to induce a belief that they are not alto gether without foundation, that the Confederates intend to add to their army a large force of eman cipated negroes. These reports come only from Northern sources, and may be merely the fruit of that terror which always haunts the conscience of great criminals. The Yankees know that they have done their best to collect a negro force, partly to save the lives of soldiers whose place it is becoming daily more difficult to fill, and partly to alarm the South with the idea of a general servile war. They know that their hopes have been signally disap pointed. Their negro troops have proved docile pupils in the school of plunder and massacre insti tuted by the Federal generals, under the auspice s and patronage of the President ; but if they are to be made use of as a screen for their comrades, it i s i 7 0 , n and sto idleness, rapine, necessary that the bayonets of their fellow-s oldiers should drive them forw ard u p on the ba y o nets of their masters. They find, moreover, that ex cep t hostile up where a long nufst the country the effect of repeate d occ Ah aioili o tionit s 0 t a and murder,have deb auc h ed the s in t i h o e ya d li efence of thei r y attached to committed to their their mindsof musters,th e whatever rutty be th e opini on o f s l a 'l n v de slaanves, z e t a h l e o y u and property charge.master family Hence, those heroes of New England pulpits " who point like fingerposts the way , they never go," and take good care to keep themselves safe from all risk of a practical acquaintance with the South, the Fede ralists in general are becoming aware that it is quite in the power of their enemy to retaliate upon them tneir own fiendish policy, and that the negroes may be used with much more effect against their pre tended friends than against their hereditary mas ters. It may be that to this consciousness alone, and to the terror it inspires among those who feel that it may soon be their turn to suffer what they have tried to inflict, is due the frequent repetition of these reports of negro levies in Tennessee and elsewhere. We have heard, in deed, one suggestion which might account for them. President Davis has manifested from the outset an obstinate resolution under no possible circumstances to imitate the Yankee practice of putting prisoners to death in cold blood; and his determined clemency has provoked great complaints among the countrymen of the men so basely mur dered by Burnside, Butler, and M'Neill. Yet he can hardly hope to save the lives of Federal officers taken in command of negroes, unless he could ex change them against Confederate officers holding a similar position. It will never be possible for him to propose to deal with Federal Sepoys as with the equal antagonists of Southern soldiers. It is said, too, and with some justice, that the heavy losses of the Confederates and the resolution of Mr. Lincoln to strengthen his armies by the enrolment of ne groes, may have forced the South to a similar expe riment. But the levy en masse of the white popu lation ought to furnish at large a force as the Con federates can require ; and the negroes of the North are not numerous enough to prove a formidable ad dition to Federal strength. And the enrolment of negroes would be exceedingly unpalatable, both to the army and to the people. The Confederate ge nerals are soldiers and gentlemen, and they have resisted strenuously all endeaiours to make them depart from the usages of civilised warfare, and to imitate the barbarism of their antagonists; and it is not likely that they would look favourably on the enlistment of troops whom it would hardly be possible to restrain within their own chivalric rules. The soldiery, though less averse than the Federal ists to negro comrades, could hardly fail to feel their presence a degradation. And every Southerner would understand at once that the enrolment of ne groes would give a death-blow to slavery, and thereby inflict irreparable ruin upon the property of the States. No man who has once fought for the common fatherland can in any country be held as a slave. Everywhere the right to beer arms is the characteristic of a freeman, and the.fact of having borne arms suffices to emancipate the bondsman. And the presence in the South of a hundred thou sand negroes freed for military service would render the retention of their brethren in slavery a moral anomaly and a political impossibility. We are sure, therefore, that the enrolment of negro soldiers, espe cially in any considerable number, is the last card that the South will play ; and we hardly think that she is reduced so low as to be forced to play it already. In her extremity, no doubt, she will have recourse to such a measure, though with full fore knowledge of its ruinous character ; exactly as in their extremity the Dutch never hesitated to lay their country under water. COUNTRY MARKETS. ..... Wheat in this district is much above an average crop, and other kinds of grain will be a prolific yield. White wheat new, 49s to 51s i Barley, grinding.. 28s to 30 3 Red do. 44s to 47s Oats old, .. 27s to 30 3 Old white 46s to 50s `New do 25s to 270 Red do. 44s to 49s 1 Beans.. 41s to 4 3 s Barley, malting.... 37 s t o 39 s 1 Beans, new ---8 to --0 HULL—TUESDAY. The wheat trade since our last has been very inactive. The harvest, with favourable weather, is progressing well. At to-day's corn market there was a small supply of Eng lish old wheat, which was taken off slowly at about the prices of last week. A few samples of new were offered. Foreign was quite neglected at rather less money than last Tuesdey. Barley sold slowly, at last week's prices. Oats 6d down, with a limited demand. Beans and peas slew at rates in favour of buyers. Wheat.... Old white per qr. 47s Od to 50s Od Old red 7) New white .. ~ . 47s Od to 48s 'Od New red .... ~ Barley.... English malting 36s Od to 37s Od Grinding 26s 6d to 28s Od Saal and Oderbruck Holstein and Danish 3os Od to 31s Oa Grinding Oats English, old Archangel and Riga, per st osl2id to ,- ra Friesland and Dutch osl3d to oslVl, a Swedish and Danish 05121d to osl so , Beans ....English, old, per qr. 43s Od to 45s 0 1 New pigeon 42s Od to 44s Ou, New tick Egyptian .. 33s Od to 34s 6d Peas ..Foreign boilers ... 36s Od to 38s Od Grinding 33s Od tc 33s 6d Tares ....Spring Indian Corn Linseed, feeding crushing Linseed cakes (Hull) £lo 0 0 to £0 0 0 Foreign Bl5 oto 9 0 0 Rape cakes 6 0 oto 0 0 0 Bones 5 5 oto 510 0 LYNN—TUESDAY. I At this day's market there was a limited show of wheat, at a reduction of is per quarter. A good demand for new' malting barley, which commanded high prices. Beans also brought high rates, and oats were in favour of buyers. White ..46s to 48s I Barley .... 38s to 406 Red.. ..40s to 46s I Grinding ...... ..30s to 3 3 s Beans .36s to 40s I Oats .2os to 24 6 New —5 to —s I Peas —s to ---21 COAL 2, Frtoes of Coal per Ton al LARKET. the olose of the market. s. d. Tanfield Moor l2 6 Tanfield Moor Butes l2 6 West Hartley 16 0 Davison's West Hart ley.. Lambert's West Hart- ..d North Pelton Ga5.....13 3 Walls End. Haswell Tunstaii . —1 5 7 g South Kelloe . 16 9 Heugh Hall 16 9 Russel's Helton 16 9 Hartlepool 17 6 I South Hartlepool 16 ~ tt, 42 ; sold, 21. ley 16 0 Carway and Duffryn Malting 12 0 Ships at mark' Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton .. Sept. 1 8 ' via Marseilles Brazil and Cape Verde, by British packet. t. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena....: S.ee u l g ptt. . 1 2 32' 6. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton. Sept. 1 . via Marseilles ...Aug. 2i' Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton Aug. 25. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Sept. 1 via Marseilles Aug. 27. India (Bombay), via Southampton Aug. 25. via Marseilles Sept. 4. Portugal.... Sept. 3. Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Aug. 25. via Marseilles Aug. 27. Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.... Sept. 2 by U.S. packet.... by Canadian packet. Aug. 28 ,: W.C. of Africa, Madeir a , an d Teneriffe Sept . lu. Bahamas, via New York Aug. 27. Mexico.. ....Aug. 28' All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, I A ug , 28. California. and British Columbia.. J [ADVERTISEMENT.] —Holloway's Pills.—Bad in Health. —The sources of human infirmities are very numerous, but they chiefly resolve themselves into tainted blood. These pills were invented to remove this fertile ground of sickness , and admirably do they effect their purpose without straining the most delicate constitution. They abstract every atom of impurity from the blood, regulate the distribution to every portion of the body, correct all depraved, deficient, or excessive secretions, and expel all oppres sive accumulations from the glands and bowels. Thousands of persons consider them the best and safest family medicine. Holloway's Pills are purchasable in all parts of the globe at such mo derate prices that the poorest individual may keep himself supplied with them, and save himself much suffering. Births. —on the 25th inst., at Galby Rectory, the lady the 17th inst., at Scarborough, Lai CA o l l A Pß . E C L . l camp b e ll, Esq., A a son. - 113 n arcaldine, of a daughter. GODFRRY.--Con the 24th inst., at Bryn Estyn, N. Wales, C A c h a lP m ß p E b L e L ll; 0 m m M T r c s A . L C rt._ arlepanG. theo. d fr 2 ey st , i c i ) i f n a s t s o , Thanet, the wife of Col one l M etcalfe, C.B. (retired liot i Longal), of a daughter. son. Dane Court, St. Peter's Marriages. BYNG—GARTIT.—On the 25th inst. at Hurst Churc h, Berks, Captain J . C . Byng R.N., ' youngest son of th e late Vice-Ad m i ra l the Hon.' J. D. Byng, to Penelop e Margaret, third daughter of the late Capt. Garth, R.N . ' of Haines-hill, Wilts. WITZLE BEN—STLTZER.—On the 25th inst., at St. Jameg B ' ,Piccadilly, Edmund Baron von Witzleben, of Bero o p ` 6 'alien, the eldest daughter of the late David Sißier , Esq, Deaths. A LSTOR..--On the 25th inst., at Dennington, Suffolk, Phil E. 1). Alstor, 8.A., aged 23. B ELLTIOUSE.—On the 25th inst., at Beechfield, Sale, ne ar Manchester, John Bel!house, Esq. Cook.—.On the 21st inst., at Clapham-road, Mr. Thoma s Aynsley Cook, aged 58. SAUNDERS.—On the 25th inst., at Kiugdown, Bristol, 0; L. Saunders, Esq., aged 55. STEDALL.—On the 26th inst., at Croydon, Henry Stedal], Esq., aged 86. SUTTON.—On the 22d inst., at 29, Queen Anne-street, Sutton, Esq. WILD.—On the 24th inst., at Fletching Vicarage, the gar. Spence r. Dodd Wild, agd 64. YOUNG.—On the 24th inst., at 12, Palace-garden In ll96 e ' Kennington, Alexander Young, Esq., late of Melbourn' ------- London: Printed and Pun shed by WILLIAM ANDIL EIvs a z of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TUE SUN Office Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the C ol4l ' k.tiidiceeX!r 111ua , ley, August 27, Ib4 ~~