The Sun. — London, England, 1863-10-17 00:00:00

THE WESTERN STATES. (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) CINCINNATI, OHIO, Sept. 30. Before I left Louisville, on Saturday last, I was positively assured that Government had pressed into the service of the army 500 railroad cars, a rolling stock adequate to the conveyance of 25,000 troops. Since I came to Cincinnati, I learnt that several railway lines had been also secured for exclusively military purposes. The Government are evidently , straining every nerve to send large reinforcements to the army of Rosencranz at Chattanooga. We are in all probability on the eve of a great conflict in fast Tennessee ; most people expect to hear of a general engagement before the end of the week. The gamblers of the Stock Exchange at New York have already endeavoured to anticipate events by announcing the "surrender of Rosencranz" this very day—an artifice by which they raised gold to 1434. Meanwhile, the reverse of the Army of the Cum berland on the 19th and 20th, however far from deci sive, has been sufficiently serious to disturb the equanimity of the authorities at Washington. The Government is at a loss for new recruits. Bounties of 300 and even 400 dole. are temptations held out in vain. President Lincoln sneered at his adversary for " driving the Southern conscripts into the ranks like bullock s i nto the slaughter-pen ;" but t h e taunt has bee n bi tter l y retorte d u p o n him' an d he will never hear the last of it. The sinews o f war are broken, owing to the incapacity of those who had soldier marches managem en t o f it. The Nor t h ern marches under conviction that h e is to fall a victim to the incap ac ity of his leader. The patriot who rushed to the field as a volunteer was disgusted by contact with the hirelingwho fought by his side ; the conscript who wa s pressed into the ranks by the draught, was indignantat the exemption purchased by the 300 dole. men, which sent him to the war in one mass w ith a pack of venal disreputable substitutes. The sword girt rou nd the waist of a slave caused the weapon to drop from th e side of the o ff ended freeman. All these undignified resources are n ow ex h au sted. The draught, the substitutes, the en rolled militia, the arming of free negroes, the pur chase of black slaves to make soldiers of them, all have been txied, and all to little purpose. The Northerner& are three to one against the Confede. rates- These latter are contending no less ag a i nst heavy matorial than numerical odds. Yet the North is at a loss for soldiers, and will get none henceforth, unless it resorts to conscription in good earnest, and " drivea its bullocks into the slaughter pen" by main force. Earnest Republicans are sadly pat out about it. Wh at are all these hundreds and thousands of hulking fellows hanging about billiard-rooms, lager beer ssloons, and hotel bars for ?" they say. " Be hold'. a war meeting is announced, and you hear of 50,000 citizens assembling and breathing fire and vengeance against rascally rebellion; bat call upon there,. to fill up the ranks thinned by death, disease, or desertion, and they are deaf to all entreaty, dead to all shame." So it is; men are not to be got for the army for love or money. However popular the ava r may be with a certain class of politicians, it has certainly ceased to be so with fighting men. I re peat; it is only justice to acquit the youth of the Northern division of the Union of lukewarmness in their country's cause. They have answered the first cell with more than sufficient alacrity. It is the leant of political and strategical ability on the part 'of their rulers which has damped their spirits, and worn out their endurance. While the issues of this great American civil war are pending on the banks of the Tennessee river, a no less momentous political contest is about to come off in this State of Ohio, the results of which will have na slight weight on the general destinies of the country. The 12th October has been appointed for the elf action of the Governor and other State autho rities here, and the choice of a head of the State lies between the Republican, Mr. Brough, and Mr. Vallandigham, the leader of the Democratic party, now banished beyond the limits of the American Union, and living in retirement at Windsor in Western Canada, opposite to Detroit. That same 12th of October will be election day in Pennsylvania no less than in Ohio, and the turn of New York will come in the ensuing November. Yet the tug of war, it is felt on all sides, is to be seen in this western region, and it is to Ohio that all the inter-States look up for a casting vote in this long debate be tween parties. It is on account of the great interest attached to the Ohio election, that I deem it expedient to tarry in and about Cincinnati till the great day is over. I have been hitherto endeavouring to spell out and define in my mind the various cognizances and de nominations by which men in this country descend into the political arena, and think the time has come when I may lay before the reader all I fancy I know upon the subject, not only as to the aims and views of the different parties, but also as to their relative strength, their chances of victory or defeat. The broadest distinction between the political men of the Northern part of the Dis-United States is that between " Republicans" or supporters of the Administration, and " Democrats," or opposition Then. The former are divided into Conservative or Moderate Republican s and Radicals, or Black Re publicans. The Conservatives are Unionmen at heart; sticklers for their great country and their constitution. They think the war should be carried on to the full restoration of the Union ; they deem themselves in duty bound to stand by the Govern ment so long as it is striving after that primary and most essential object; but, for the rest, they do not go with it through thick and thin ; they pro fees no transcendent admiration for Mr Lincoln and his Cabinet, disapprove many of their measures, and think that -many of their decrees and proclamations should have no greater weight than so much waste paper. They must have the Union at all price, how ever, if possible, with due acknowledgment of State rights, with due regard to the interests of the South, - with the least possible violation of the laws and the constitution, with the least possible prolongation of this diastrous war—but at any rate, the Union. p Men of this stamp are, on principle, ab o li t i on i sts, but ready to put down slavery, or to put up with it as may best be conducive to the interests of the Union and the pacification of the country, The Radical Republicans are anti-slavery men above all things. They talk a great deal about the Union, but at th e top of all their thou ghts is the e, e verlasting Nigger." They are for w ar to " the bit ter end," and shrink from the close of hostilities as a ma d dogdreads and shuns water. They hope by two or three years' hard fighting to overrun th e w hole South, to lay it waste, to break the chains of the blacks by utter ruin of the whites, to recolonise the desolated lan d , to reorganise the culture of the soil on the princ i p le of free labour. If this scheme be feasible they will carry it on so long as the North has a man or a dollar for the purpose. Were their aim unattainable and the South strong enough to resist all attempts at su they would rather ac bj legation let it go; they would rather with slaveholders, Cept the i nev ita ble separation than come to terms and be partakers of that iniquity which , as the y think, has been the disgrace of thei r Republic , an d 1 1 8 now wrought out this terrible war. The men O • this party are staunch to their G overnm ent after th • r own fashion. They carp and snarl at and find fault • h WA it a good deal; they urge it on fretfully, ran e xcessive corously ; they damn it for tenderness and lukewarmness, and intimate to it at every moment that " whoever is not with them is against them." The Democrats are also classified into several sects and fraternities, according as they are or declare themselves more or less decided Unionists and peace men. The only rallying point among the Republi cans is the Government. The only subj ect on which the Democrat s are truly of one mind is hos tility to the Government. They all think that the war might and should from the beginning have been av oided ; they charge the Government with hivi ng plunged the country into it by s h eer i ntolerance and precipitance. A war begun upon flimsy p retences, and from vain punctilios, they think, is now per petuated from mere obstinacy, from craven instinct o f self-preser vation, from blind inabilit y to get out of a scrape. This war is, in their estimati on , the ru in of the coun try, physical and moral rui n , politi sal an d finapeial destruction. They lay upon the rulers at Washington all its shocking mismanage ment, i ts a wful waste of human life, its ruinous ex penditure ; they lay to their charge the choice of inefficient generals, the removal of able leaders, in ' obedience to paltry views cf mean jealou,: cr blind party predilection. They blame them for ' he disas trous state of the national finances, for the reckless tampering with the currency, by wh ch the country has been brought to the brink of bankruptcy. They charge them with the most flagrant abase of powers with numberless arbitrary arrests, utter disregard of the most sacred rights of property, gagging of the press, interference with the right of meeting, violation of State rights, outrages against the Con stitution. They expose them or their subalterns for flagitious contracts, shameless e mbez zlement the public money, every variety of dirtyjmobesntanoclf dishonest transactions. Whatever may happen to the country, the first thing, according to the Demo crats of every denomination, is to withdraw it from the power of Abe Lincoln gaoalnainnsdt them inch hisassocia by inch till iThhe ground must be fought till the expiration of their term of power, and every nerve must be strained so as to secure their down fall at the next Presidential election. So far the Democrats agree tolerably well, and, although a new set has sprung up, who go by the name of War Democrats, and who are inclining to the views of the Moderate or Conservative Republi cans, it may be taken for granted that, under pre sent circumstances, the word Democrat in this part of America is synonymous with Peace Man; only there are some ofetaliceesempaey be obtained ace-men who think that the blessings of p with the preservation of th e Union; th e r :IT epoatthi compat i bly who think that the South has seceded past all re conciliation, and that all hopes of a restoration of the old republic must be given up. It would be vain to look for the utterance of these opinions in the public press, vain to expect to hear them broached before a Popular meeting. There is hardly a man in the whole country who dares to walk about without a mask, hardly one who does not seek his safety in a certain amount of reserve and reticence. No one would dare to speak openly of the dissolution of the Union. Bat ask privately some of the Democratic leaders, who, I must con fess, command my respect by their character, and enlist my sympathies in their behalf in preference to their rabid and ranting radical adversaries. I ask, what do they propose to do, whenever popu lar suffrage lays the supreme power in their hands—nay, what would they advise and desire, were any unexpected change to place them at once, this very day, at the head of affairs? Some of them declare themselves sincerely and intimately Union ists; they protest that nothing would induce them to renounce the Union; they are peace men ; they would offer fair terms to the South, meet it half way; win it by liberal advances; they would replace matters on the old footing, go back to the status quo ante bellum, restore State rights in all their integrity, deny the central power all inter ference with matters of mere local interest ; allow the Southerners as fall an enjoyment of their " pe culiar institution" as the original compact on which the Union was based clearly gave them. "Do you think any such tender on your part would shake the stern purpose of the South never again to be recon ciled to the North P" I ask again, "Do you think that the mare fact of the downfall of the present Administration and of your accession to power would melt the hearts of your Southern brethren, and incline them to come to terms and listen to your plans of a compromise." " Not immediately, perhaps," is the answer. " The South might per severe in its obstinacy, and we might be under the necessity to fight on ; but we would speedily re move all grounds of offence; we would show our readiness to do full justice; we would propose an armistice, open negotiations, pave the way for a re conciliation, of which the only sine qua non condi tion would be the restoration or preservation of the Union." These are the Unionist peace men ; but there are are also the separatist peace men, less out spoken, more timid, but far more firm and consistent, and I must say more plausible in their views. These latter are in great numbers Southerners by their connections, sympathies, or inclinations ; they are well conversant with the South, and hold that the South can no more be propitiated than it can be overrun or subdued. They feel confident that the Confederates will either conquer their indepen dence or perish to a man. The project of the subjugation of so vast a continent as the Con federacy still occupies strikes them as the most absurd chimera. The mere thought of such an en terprise they set down as a most egregious folly. As the• Southerners are, in their opinion, invincible, so are they also implacable. Separation is safer for them, more conducive to their interests, more in keeping with their aspirations, than re-union on the most advantageous terms. On the other hand, were it even possible to bring them to terms, could it even be managed to lead back these stray sheep into the fold, and to soothe their hostile passions by giving up to them the sore point of negro slavery, is it to be supposed that peace on such terms could be any thing but flimsy and hollow ? Were the Southern alaveowners to acquiesce in the compact, would the Northern abolitionists equally accede to it ? Can real solid peace be established where the cause of the war is not removed? Talk of bringing the sheep back into the told ! Let the wolf devour it while it is at large, if he is swift and strong enough for it; but do not expect the fugitive voluntarily to come back into his jaws, so long as there are breezy downs and rocky hills for it to fly to. Separation, in short, appears to these men no less desirable than it is in evitable ; it is the only possible plausible solution of the great problem; and not by any means less irresistible because people struggle, and close their eyes, and harden their hearts against it. Such being, as far as long contemplation of the subject enables me to make out, the state of men's minds in this country with respect to the great crisis through which it is now passing, it may not be diffi cult to forecast the chances of the forthcoming election for the State of Ohio. Democrats and Republicans are of course equally confident as to its results; but there is little doubt that the lat ter are far more sanguine and more boast fully sure of their game than the former. Ad mitting for one moment that the two antago nistic parties are as near as possible balanced, the Republicans would still have all the engines of power and of Government patronage on their side. The country at large is weary of the war, doubtless, and the lower classes, upon whom mainly fall the tribute of blood, are out of sorts and mutinous, and flatly refuse to "be driven like bullocks into the slaughter p en. " But among the well-to-do classes, especially ingai n s, the the cities, the war has been the source of enormo us signal fer the rise of prodigious fortunes. The State of Ohio, like all other Western States, as I h ope to be abl e to prove i n anot h er let ter, has suff ered and i s beenlion lion's share grievously—it is paying with i ts best bl oodth ar e e e i z n p t e h n e s p es eo o p f le th ,s e sp r o u : I n s • . ous war. B ut Cinei - The few wh o have I matl, Cleveland, and other towns have had t h e enrich e d b y the spol i at i on n e o ob j of the many see ectem to th e even perpetuati on , of the war , - prolongation, or this great calamit y are not the real ga i ne rs by de pendants are legion, and lurnerous, but their Half a dozen stump orators, aeir means extensive. principled papers are easily couple of ranting, uns lead the vast multitude whereve r and these Union is an idol, exercising a prestiger they list. The u over the mass of Americans, which seem s great to all reasoning powers, making them de afeprive them of to all argu ments, blind to all interests. The Government is for Union. All opposition is sheer secessionism, rank copperhead treason, criminal disloyalty. Were the election conducted agreeably to f • air pl ay however, it i s possible th a t principles, the upshot considered doubtful. The checkof Rosen_might be the frontier of Georgia, the forced inaction cram on of Gilmore a t Ch ar l e ston, the ill success of th e Fede -s and Texas, have greatly sober e d nil arms in Arkan s a d o wn some of the most furious Republicans; th e invasion of the va ri ous Southern region seems even to them every day a less practicable undertaking; the war which Mr. Seward pr omised three months will certainly stretch far beyond the limits of the third year; there reason why it to conclude in is no may not rea c h t h e thirtieth. The beginn ing of the end is no nearer than at the outset, and men are not forthcoming to fill the ranks, and gold is up at 1481, are and the p ecun i ary res ources of the country Waxing lower and lower. Discontent, vague and unspoken, is creeping among the lower orders, THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 11, 1863, even of these who profess themselves stanch sup. porters of the present rulers. The Irish are all arrant Democrats,—indeed, furious SEcessionists ; but the Germans, who were almost all on the other side, are now greatly divided among themselves. Their tribute in blood has been the heaviest; one of the regiments recruited here was almost entirely cutThe Cincinnati, r down e is m o h au e nr d S n inpnnegdo at t y before second l t a o s t ask near Gaet rlma Chattanooga. satnwdhoaotr ai is the nse of all this sacrifice, what its object, what its result ? 1 It is upon these grounds that many of the Demo crats lay their hopes that their party may prevail in the approaching trial of strength, at least so far as the " home vote" is concerned. They think that Government may make the most of the soldier's vote, for every man in the ranks of the army now in the field, or anywhere in active service, belong ing to the state of Ohio, will be made to vote away from his place of residence, the officers presiding at the military poll, whenever and wherever 20 voters may be gathered together to enter their tickets. How many calling themselves Ohio soldiers may happen to be strangers to the State, how many may be non-naturalized aliens, what dependence may be had on the fair dealing of the polling officers, to what extent the soldier's vote may be biassed by his sense of subordination to his leaders, the framers of the new law never stopped to consider. The Emperor of the French taught Europe what an efficient electioneering engine the army might be turned into. Were the Democrats really to carry the home vote, and only to be beaten by the suffrage extorted from the army, the victory of the Government would be of little more avail to them than the great one of Kentucky or the earlier one of Maryland, and, even if the Republicans ob tained a clear and honest advantage in this Ohio and all other contests, the position of the Govern ment would not thereby be materially improved. It is good for no vessel to sail with too much wind astern, and rope may be given to a man till he hangs himself therewith. The rabid Radicals are far more dangerous to Mr. Lincoln and his Cabinet than the meek and sober Democrats. They have already forced him into many an impolitic, inhuman, impractic a ble mea sure. They daily become more overb ear ing, more exacting. Their violence and intole rance know no limits. The members of the Cabin e t ar e already depasses, outsped by rabid demagogu e s ; not all the members, however, for some of them, at least, have the ranters on their side, and they strive to outwit, to outrun, to overreach their colleagues in the race , preparing against the day when the Lincoln boat is to be swamped, when the cleverest o f th e crew be those who first rat from it. be exposed to many temptations, not only from those who sold to the poor but from those who bought of the poor, and he would require on his part a great amount of moral courage to resist those temptations which would be thrown in his way. Still he should remember the confidence which the magistrates reposed in him, and, by strict integrity, carry out that which would tend to the protection of the poor and his duty to the magistracy that appointed him, Mr. Faulkner thanked the magistrate for the honour conferred upon him and retired. Some minor matters having been disposed of, the Court adjourned. Vacancies, Promotions, and Appointments in the Civil Service. (From the Civil Service Gazette.) COLONIAL OFFICE.—The Chief Justiceship of Grenada, W. 1., has become vacant by the death of the Hon. W. D. Davis. WAR OFFICE.—Mr. Jos. Augustus Kettle has been ap pointed a temporary clerk in the manufacturing department. THE POST OFFICE.-Mr J. G. Prentice has been pro moted from the supplementary to the third class, in the sec retary's office, Edinburgh. Mr F. Braid has been promoted from the supplementary to the third class, in the secretary's office, Edinburgh. Mr A. Lowson has been promoted from the supplementary to the third class, in the secretary's office, Edinburgh. Mr G. Young has been promoted to be cash clerk in the accountant's office, Edinburgh. Mr W. B. Hamilton has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the accountant's office, Edinburgh. Mr J. Smith has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the accountant's office, Edinburgh. Mr J. Slater has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the accountant's office, Edinburgh. Mr W. Campbell has been promoted from the supple mentary to the second class in the accountant's office, Edinburgh. Mr F. J. Bishop has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the ac countant's office, Edinburgh. Mr J. Murray has been pro moted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting office, Edinburgh. Mr J. Cockburn has been pro moted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting office, Edinburgh. Mr W Gray has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting office, Edinburgh. Mr G. B. Stronach has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting office, Edinburgh. Mr J. Wier, jun., has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting office, Edinburgh. Mr Newcombe, Ist clerk at Portsmouth, has been promoted to be postmaster at Yarmouth, Norfolk, vice Williams, who declined. LAW DEPARTMENT-Mr Thomas Lovell has been ap pointed chamber clerk to Mr Baron Pigott. CUSTOMS—Mr J. Lownds Douglas has been appointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr Samuel Hill has been ap pointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr George Wallace Harris has been appointed an outdoor officer, London, Mr George Leach has been appointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr George Priest has been appointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr Charles John Sims has been appointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr William Sinclair has been appointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr Abram Morphy, 14th clerk, has been promoted to be 13th clerk, Dublin. Mr William Hasler, 15th clerk, has been promoted to be 14th clerk, Dublin. Mr William Corby, 16th clerk, has been pro moted to be 15th clerk, Dublin. Mr John R. Buckley, 17th clerk, has been promoted to be 16th clerk, Dublin. Mr John Barry,lBth clerk, has been promoted to be 17th clerk,Dublin. Mr Curtis Hill, outdoor officer, third class, London, has been promoted to be examining officer, sixth class, London. Mr J. C. Blake, outdoor officer, fourth class, London, has been promoted to be examining officer, sixth class, London, INLAND REVENUE (Excise Branch)—Mr Rd. Harris, supervisor, Bristol third district, Bristol collection, has been appointed to Colchester district, Essex collection. Mr P. T. Evans, supervisor, Colchester district, Essex collection, has been appointed to Bristol third district, Bristol col lection. Mr P. Knight, supervisor, Woolton district, Bris tol collection, has been appointed supervisor of Reading dis trict, Reading collection. Mr Alfred Byerley, examiner, has been appointed supervisor of Woolton district, Bristol collection. Mr James Watson, ofs3er, Dalkeith division, Haddington collection, has been appointed to Edinburgh, 34th division, Edinburgh collection. Mr Wm. Geake, officer, Glasgow, 26th division,Glasgow collection, has been appointed to Dalkeith division, liaddington collection. Mr John Russell, officer, Dumbarton ride, Ayr collection, has been appointed to Glasgow, 26th division, Glasgow collec tion. The Duke of Devonshire. On Thursday last his Grace the Duke of Devonshire honoured the Presentation Convent of Bandon, County Cork, with a visit, and perhaps no more striking proof could be given than the singular heartiness of his reception on the occasion of the gratitude of the Irish heart towards its real benefactors, without distinction of country, class, or creed. The Bandon Convent stands on an elevation to the north-west of the town, has a southern aspect, and com mands a mast extensive and delightful view of the surround ing country. It was founded in 1829, through the generosity of the late duke, who gave the grounds, four acres in ex tent (which are most tastfully laid out) rent free for ever, together with an annual grant of £45, which has been con tinued by his successor. Here upwards of 500 children daily receive the blessing of education at the hands of the good sisterhood, who have dedicated their lives to the sublime task of training the young mind in the paths of knowledge and virtue. His Grace was, accompanied:by his daughters, Lady Louisa Cavendish and the Hon. Mrs. Bernard, and was met at the gates of the convent (over which a handsome arch had been erected) by the Very Rev. J. O'Brien, P.P., and the Rev. T. Holland, and at the hall door by the Superioress and nuns, and immediately con ducted to the schools, where he was received with cheer ing by the assembled children. To look on so many hundred intelligent and happy faces radiant with delight, and listen to their protracted shouts of applause, one could not help reflecting that this was no mere formal greeting got up for the occasion, such as his Grace and other eminent men are too much accustomed to and know how to estimate, but a spontaneous and irrepressible manifestation of gratitude and affection, of which even a princely Cavendish might be proud, as indeed it was apparent that he was. The lofty and capacious school-room was spanned at the upper end by three arches and tastefully decorated with festoons of flowers and evergreens, while mottoes and devices appro priate to the occasion met the eye at every corner. Under the central arch a chair surmounted by a harp, with Erin go-Bragh" had been placed for the distinguished visitor. On his Grace being seated, the Rev. Mr. O'Brien in quired whether he would de them the honour of accepting an address, which the sisters were desirous of presenting to him on the occasion of his first visit to their community. This having been cordially assented to, Mr. O'Brien said that before the address was read he felt called upon to make a few observations. He felt himself highly honoured —the sisters who presided over the moral and religious training of the children before him, felt themselves highly honoured—by the visit he had condescended to pay them. The children felt themselves proud to stand in the pre sence of their benefactor. They had all just cause for gra tude to hie grace, for the convent had been the means of doing an incalculable amount of good, and owed its exist ence to the princely munificence of the House of Cavendish. He begged to inform his grace that nearly every Catholic mother in Bandon had been educated in that convent; the future mothers in Bandon he saw before him. His grace would agree with him that the greatest blessing that he could bestow on any town, or any land, was to have a wall educated motherhood to preside over their families, and that greatest of blessings his grace's liberality enabled them to enjoy. In proof of the superiority of the intellectual train ing imparted in their schools, it was sufficient to mention that many of the children then present had greatly distin guished themselves at recent competitive examinations held in the town hall, and had carried off first-class premiums. The rev. gentleman's remarks, of which we have given a mere outline, was listened to by his grace with a marked degree of interest. Miss Annie M'Carthy, one of the pupils of the school, an extremely interesting and intelligent young lady, now stepped forward and read the following address : My Lord Duke—Separated from the outward world, and but little acquainted with the conventional forms and usages by which suitably to address your grace, we earnestly crave, and feel assured you will accord, your gracious indulgence. In our own simple way therefore we beg to convey to your grace our deepfelt appreciation of this august visit, inwhich you have condescended to include our humble community; and we eagerly embrace the auspicious occasion to proclaim our inexpressible gratitude to your grace for continuing without stint the munificent favours conferred upon us by your great and noble• hearted predecessor. What then re mains for us further to say, save that our prayers shall weary Heaven to perpetuate your illustrious line in un broken splendour; and for yourself, my lord duke, we shall pray—oh, how fondly and fervently I—that you be long spared to adorn the lofty eminence you enjoy, and that when the term of life's close shall have come, tun of years, and honours, and virtues, you be translated amid the exult ing hosts of heaven to the realms of the blest I—Signed by THE SUPERIORESS AND NUNS OF THE CONVENT, The beautifully distinct and expressive manner in which this address was read by Miss M'Carthy drew from his grace the flattering compliment, " You are an honour to your name and a credit to Bandon." His Grace said,—Ladies, I have to offer my best thanks for the beautiful address which you have presented to me. The reception I have met with here to-day has taken me by surprise. I certainly was not prepared for such a reception at all. It has been my pride at all times to promote the cause of education wherever I move, and I have always felt a deeep interest in these convent schools. I have to present my grateful acknowledgments to your gifted parish priest for the kind manner in which he has alluded to my ances tors, and to the slight acts of liberality which it has been a Pleasure to me to perform in connection with this convent, and which I hope to continue for the future. I coincide in everything he has so eloquently said on the subject of edu cation, and feel that you are indeed engaged in a mighty work, in which I wish you every success. His grace c n eluded by assuring them that he had derived great gratifica tion from everything he had seen and hoard, and by again thanking them for the warm reception they had given him. At the conclusion of his grace's reply the following verses were sung by the entire school with a most pleasing effect. They were composed for the occasion by Miss M'Carthy, who read the address, a young lady 14 years of age : This is a day of jubilee, A happy, happy day. How pleased are we, his grace to see, And greet bim on his way. Chorus—This is a day of jubilee, A happy, happy day; This is a day of jubilee, A happy, happy day. To him the utmost praise is due Who labours for the weal, And happiness of fellow-men With never tiring zeal. Chorus—This is a day of jubilee, &c. And those who own his gentle sway, How happy is their lot; No terror of "the landlord" dwell's Within their peaceful cot. Chorus—This is a day of jubilee, &c. Our princely Benefactor, To him our thanks we give— May God reward his generous deeds, And happy may he live Chorus—This is a day of jubilee, &e. Having bowed his acknowledgments, his grace entered into conversation with the clergymen and nuns, and with Lady Cavendish and Miss Bernard, minutely inspected va rious articles of crochet work, lace and embroidery done by the children, which were very much admired. Here Miss Minnie Brennan, an interesting and artless young creature of perhaps five years of age, presented his grace with a bou quet of beautiful flowers. His grace having accepted the gift shook hands with the juvenile donor. Three,cheers having been given for " our noble duke," for Lady Louisa Cavendish, and for the Hon. Mrs. Bernard, the Nation al Anthem was sung, and with the warmest expressions of goodwill to all, the distinguished visitors took their depar , ture.—Cork _Examiner. Meeting of Middlesex Magistrates, A general meeting of the magistrates of the county of Middlesex was held on Thursday at the Sessions -house, Clerkenwell-green—Mr.ll. Pownall, chairman of the court, presided. THE PROPOSED NEW DIETARY FOR THE HOUSE OF "R. ItECTION, COLDBATTI-FIELDS. It will ba remembered that at the meeting of the ma gistrates held in July last an amended scale of dietary for the use of the House of Correction, Coldbath-fields, was agreed to by the magistrat es , suc h dietary be i ng a consider ablereduction in the quantity of food allowed to prisoners. This new scale was subsequently submitted to the Home Secretary, Sir G. Grey, for his approval, before it could be adopted, and the following letters in answer thereto have been received : g e y " Sir,—Having laid b e f ore Secretary Sir Geor " Whitehall, Sept. 14,863. 1 your letter of the 6th u lt . , ' submitting for his co nsideration an amended form of di e t t a b le for male Pr i so ners in the Middlesex House of C orrect i on, I am now d i rec ted to trans- Gre mit to you, for the purpose of being laid before the Court of Quarter Sessions for any observations which the Court may have to offer thereon, the endorsed copy of a re port which has been received from Mr. Perry, inspector of pr isons for the southern district, upon the subject.—l am, 86e " " H. WADD INGTON. 1, G. D. Baldwin, Esq., Deputy Clerk of the Pe ace, Sessions Hou se , Cl er k en w ell." " Westbourne-street, Sept. 2, 1863. " Sir.—l beg - to ac k nowledge the rece i pt o f your letter, dated the 12th ult., transmitting by direction of Secretary Sir George Grey for my report thereon, a letter from the deputy clerk of the peace for Middlesex, enclosing an altered form of diet table for the approval of Sir George Grey. " The deputy clerk of the peace encloses a letter from the visiting magistrates of the House of Correction, Clerkenwell, in which it is stated that the resolution of quarter sessions, relative to the second class dietary was erroneously stated in the schedule before submitted, and that it was the intention that a marked difference should be made between the first and second classes, by giving to the latter only half the quantity of meat supplied to the former. " In reply, I beg to observe, that the disproportion is not only in the quantity of meat; since the first class would re ceive cocoa for breakfast, and nearly four times the quantity of potatoes, besides an additional pint of soup, and that as many of the prisoners in class 2, who are not sentenced to hard labour, or who are unable to perform it, are imprisoned for the lon ges t t erms, some even for two y e ars, while those employed at hard labour have the higher dietary, if their sentences exceed three months, no sufficient reason appears for so great a disproportion. " It is not, however, in its relation to the highest dietary that I object to the insufficiency of the second, but because I am quite persuaded that the latter is absolutely inadequate to maintain health in prisoners confined for long terms. I would beg leave to recal to the meaiory of Sir George Grey that the dietary of a large prison in the North of England was lowered in September of last year, in accordance with the views of the visising justices, and that in the following May it was found necessary to return to a higher scale, in consequence of the increase of sickness and mortality which attended the change ; but the reduced dietary of that prison was considerably more nutritious than that which the Mid dlesex justices now propose to give to prisoners confined on the same terms. I venture to predict, as a circumstance highly probable, that if the dietary now proposed for the second class were to be enforced, the large prison in which it is proposed to adopt it would be the scene of an unprecedented amount of low fever, scurvy, and other diseases arising from defective nutrition, with a corresponding increase of mor tality, unless indeed the surgeons should prevent these re sults by giving to all long-sentenced prisoners of this class a the sp established an increase o f f oo d equivalent to t h a t which they would re ceive und er a better appointed dietary. Some persons think it is not m a t er i a l whether a suffic i en t amount be provided by setaialbloirsdheerdidn eachiet ry,esosretbhye thdeeficsiurengceyon ; but I would made up by by beg to sub m it t h at the practice of or d er ing extra diet is on e which should b e avoided as muc h as possible on account of the malingering and feigned illness to whic h it g ives rise, and of the insubordination, i n sult, and even assaults upon the surgeon, committed by prisoners who t h ink that ot hers are more fav oure d b y him than t h emse lves. "It appears to me that much of the difficulty in this case arises from the same dietary being prescribed for all pri soners not at hard labour whose sentences range from 14 days to two years and upwards ; because the amount of food required by the larger sentenced men is in excess of that which would support the shorter sentenced. I would there fore suggest that the dietary now called ' second class' be confined to all prisoners whose sentences exceed 14 days and do not exceed three months, and that another scale be introduced, intermediate between those now called first' and second,' for prisoners not employed at hard labour whose sentences exceed three months, and that this class should have the second dietary, with the addition of four ounces of meat and eight ounces of potatoes on Thursdays. —I am, &c., ( Si gned) " JOHN G. PERRY. Inspector of Prisons. " H. Waddington, Esq." An Hon. MAGISTRATE said he deemed this communication of so much important 3 that he hoped it would be referred to the Committee of Justices of the House of Correction, Coldbath-fields, and that they should report on it the next county day. The motion was put and agreed to. EI,ECTION OF INSPECTOR OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. An election of inspector of weights and measures took place for No. 2 district, comprising Finsbury, Clerkenwell, and the surrounding neighbourhood, the vacancy being caused by the death of Mr. Thomas Reynolds, of the Tower Hamlets, or No. 1 district, to which Mr. John Wright was appointed, thereby rendering his former district vacant. Mr. Morrison was offered the choice of No. 2 district, but he pre ferred to retain No. 3, Bloomsbury, St. Giles, &c. It then remained for Mr. James Gregg to consider whether he would take No. 2, ho being the inspector of No. 4 district, Brentford, Uxbridge, &J., but he preferred retaining his old district, and therefore the election to-day was for No. 2 district. There were six candidates selected from a large number of applicants, and the names submitted by the com mittee to the Court were—Mr. James Coward, Mr, David Faulkner, Mr. F. B. Gingell, Mr. W. Hamilton, Mr. Thos. Taylor, and Mr. Edward Walker, After the voi . es had been taken Mr. Griffiths and Mr. Dixon, t he scrutineer s , reported to the Court that the elec tion had fallen upon Mr. David Faulkner, who had 35 votes given t o hi m, Mr. Taylor h av i ng 18, Mr. Jas. Coward 1, and the other three none. The CISAIRMAN then d eclared Mr. inspecto r Faulkner duly ap pointed as of weights andfor N 2 dis trict, and said that as he had been fors measures sin the office of Mr. C. Wright, the clerk to the committee of justices, the magistrates had had an opportunity judging n of the value of his service!, and he trusted jat in his new situa tion he would by his conduct prove to them that they had selected the person who was hest fitted for the office. It was a situation Of great reEponsibility, and mein which he would RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE, TRAFFIC RECEIPTS FOR THE WEEK. Miles Opened. Receipts.- Railways. „„..._.,........_....,„...-____,, 1863. 1862. 1863. 1862 £ £ Belfast and N. Counties 136 136 2,102 1,921 Belfast and County Down 49 49 681 620 Blyth and Tyne 2B 28 1,917 2,111 Bristol and Exeter l2l. 1211 6,644 7,719 Caledonian Cockermouth & Workin, , ,, , ton B4 85 302 281 Cork and Bandon 2O 20 397 303 Cork, Blackrock, & Passage 6% 162 2z6 Cork and Youghal Cornwall 651 531 1,574 1,368 Deeside l7 17 320 230 Dublin & Belfast Jwaction 63 63 1,520 1,5.18 Dublin and Drogheda 75 63 1,611 1.724 Dublin and Meath Dub. & Wicklow and Wextd 5ll 481 2,670 2,741 Edinburgh and Glasgow Forth & Clyde Junction Furness, &c ... 50 5, '2,618 2,879 Glasgow & South-Western .. 198 198 8,467 8,439 Gt. Eas tern,Nrfk.,&E. Union .. 663 611 32,755 32,983 Great Northern 351 351 34,172 31,546 Great North of Scotland . . tit. Northn. & Westn. (Irel.)„ 71% 16/ 5 5 546 r it.Soutlin. & WestiL(lrind.) 373% 329 8.585 8,204 Great Western 10561 10321 62,550 63.570 Inverness & Aberdeen June._ 864 86 4 1,497 1,108 Inverness & Perth Junction 1191 - 1,485 - Irish North-Western 145 145 1,683 1,911 Lancashire & Yorkshire....., 3951 395% 34,074 32,060 Limerick and Enni5......,.,, 241 241 148 166 Limerick and Foynes 264, 26% 110 322 Llanelly 46% 461 574 603 London & North-Western London and Blackwall ..... 51 51 1 , 811 1,771 London & South-Western ~• 4501 441% 24,081 21,988 Loud. Brighton, &S. Coast 26 11 2111 20,635 23,114 London, Chatham, & Dover 72% 72} 5,765 4 915 Do. Metropolitan Extension 10t 5/ 1,350 300 Lond., Tilbury, & Southend blan.,Sheffield, & Lincobash - 239} 2391 16,825 14.853 Manch. S.J un.& A ltrincham. „ 94 94 1,214 1,120 Maryport and Carlisle Metropolitan 3% - 1,876 - Midland (incl. N.-Western) 641 6141 45,531 43,612 Midland Gt.Westn. of Trim" 2)91 1 9 24 8,568 7,649 Monkland 7li 714 1,710 1,479 Monmouthsh. Rail. & Canal 44 44 1,322 2,622 North British, Edin.• Perth • and Dundee ... 414 4101 13,318 12.495 0 1 1 N-Eastern and Stock. & DarL 1095 1077/ 58,97 , 5.5,139 North London 9 g 3,170 3 ,116 North Staffordshire........., 254 252 8,471 8,266 Oswestry and Newton Rhymney 1 St. Helen's Canal & Railway 6 5 9 :i Scottish Central Scottish North-Eastern ..... Somerset and Dorset 66 391 624 38 7 South Devon "• • • 751 751 3 . 728 4,009 4 51 2 294 11:992802325 2 1, 801 South-Eastern .• • ••-•.• ........ 306 306 25,459 27,398 Taff Vale 55 6 ,6 53 3,319 Ulster 6ll 51 2,091 1.888 Vale of Clwyd.. ......... Vale of Neath 321 25% 2,304 2,127 Waterford and Kilkenny 3l 31 458 448 Waterford and Limerick...., 77 77 1,035 1,319 West Cornwall 271 271 865 777 W.HartlepoolHarbr.&RaiL., 48 48 4,705 4.561 W'haven,Cleator,& Egrinnt„ 7 7 640 50 7 Whitchaven Junction . , Whitehaven & Furness:Jun 35 35 829 701 Ak F nu o st a wtri E e t arp o n 7ND COLONIAL. and Rotterdam, ............ .. .. .. 8 5 28 2 85282 32 1 : 3 7 0 72 1 4 1, 518524 Belgian Eastern Junction,.., 261 241 607 359 Bombay, Baroda, & Cen. India 185 132% 1,6 11 1, 046 Buffalo and Lake Huron Detroit and Milwaukee....., lB9 189 5,125 4,400 Dutch Rhenish G E r s. an ste d rn Trun of F k r o a f nc: an ... ada. ... East Indian ... ._ .... . 933/ 639 NorwegianmGG Parise r ra e e d a ar t itLLuxys oa lndian nr eagm: Trunk Luxembourg gd i r i s . u. A I a . ji c a n . . . .... - - 134 476 443 Great Southern of India .. 79 79 Great Western of Canada ▪ 345 316 12,812 12,785 22,016 19,153 Northern of Canada .. 94 2 4 0 4 , ,,7 7 43 6 23 3 6 18,831 54,,024232 94 1,350 1,377 •••••••• Northern of France...... _.„ 725 725 Pari and Orleans M - - 44 44 - Ottoman Southern of Franc 481 48 1 597 44 6113'3 65 404 1614 1431 , - • Pernambuco 771 -- 522 West 'gander Royal Danish 6 6 98 69 765 692 Sambre and Meuse 6B RR 1,461 1,455 South Austrian editerrn lBO5 1676 151,191 142,123 1430 1315 59,965 57,659 Victorian,,,,. e ...... ...• • 196 151 7,406 5,221 770 768 27,276 30,880 Welland ........... • 97 2 3 5 i 8 2 18 5 55,047139 47,545665 ....... ....re • •.••••• • • x 75 1,144 1,079 W. a nd N.W. o a f France • ADVERTISEMENT.]--Avoid medicines: they always aggra vate chronic complaints, but Du Barry's Delicious Health Rest oring Revalenta Arabic a Food, which saves fift y times its cost in o th er reme dies, invariably cures them, restoring pure blood, refreshing sleep , functional regularity, and ener gy Perfect digestion, strong nerves , sound lun g s, hea lthy liver, to the most disordered or enfeebled. We extract a few out of 60,000 Cures :—Cure No. 58,216 of the Marchioness de Brdhan, Paris, of a jiver complaint, wasting away for seven years, debility, with a nervous palpitation all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, the most intolerable nervous agitation, and dreadfully low spirited.—Cure No. 1,771. Lord Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieut. of Waterford, of many years' dyspepsia.—No. 49,832. "F ift y y ears' indesc r i bable agony from dyspep s ia, ne rvousness , a sthma, cough , constipation, flatulency, spasms, s i c kness, and vomiting.—Maria Jolly." —Cure No. 16,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derange . men t, and partial deafness. —Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies. —Cure No. 54,816. The Rev. Jas. 'l'. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, "of indigestion and torpi dity of the liver, which had resisted all medical treatment." In tins, 1 lb., 2s. Od. ; 21b., 48. 6d ; 51b., lls. ; t2lb., 225. ; :41b 40s.—Barry Du Barry and Co., No. 77, Reg - eat-street, London; also Fortnum and Mason ; and all Grocers and Chemists in every town of the United Kingdom. [A DVERTISEMENT.] —Holloway's Fills. Satisfactory Results,—Whenever the blood is foul, the stomach dis ordered, or the bowels irregular, these Pills prove infallible curatives. A gentleman, who had been a sufferer for years, though he had sought the best professional aid, writes, " I cannot describe the effect your medicine had upon me : it carried off more bile, and made me feel lighter and more cheerful than all the medicine I had taken previously. , ' Holloway's Pills strengthen the stomach, prevent bilious ness, purify the blood, raise the spirits, and give energy to both body and mind, In diseases of the head, heart, and kidneys, these Pills are invaluable not only in removing dangerous symptoms, but in warding off the dire effects often resulting from injudicious treatment, Daring Outrage and Robbery. On Friday evening information reached Clonmel of a dar ing robbery which had been perpetrated at the residence of Mr. John Shirley, agent to John Bagwell, Esq., M.P., and which for cool and determined reckless ruffianism has not been equalled by anything of the kind in this locality for many years. About 4 o'clock on the evening in question a messenger arrived at Mr. Shirley's, after bringing from the Provhicial Bank a bag of silver and one of coppers, for the purpose of paying the workmen usually engaged about the demesne. The money was laid on the table in the room in which Mrs. Shirley sat, and a short time after a well-dressed man entered, and asked her what the bags contained. The fellow was quite at his ease and in no hurry. He presented a genteel appearance, wore a black frock coat, dark tweed trousers, light vest, and silver guard chain. He had also a silk hat, shoes, and brown stockings. Mrs. Shirley has de scribed him most minutely. In reply to his question, Mrs. Shirley said the bags contained money to pay the labourers, whereupon the fellow replied " I shall have them," and put them in his pockets. We should have mentioned that from the time of his entrance he held a pistol in one hand and a claspknife or dagger in the other. He then pointed to a desk and asked if it was Mr. Shirley's ; he received an affirmative reply, but was told that it did not usually con tain any money. He said he would try, and Mrs. Shirley answered "You had better not, as Mr. Shirley is below." The ruffian replied that such was not the case, as he had met the agent going up towards the farm ; and he then, after warning Mrs. Shirley that if she made a noise he would stab her with a knife, proceeded to break open the desk, from which he took £9. This, with what the bags contained, amounted to £22. While he was breaking open the desk Mrs. Shirley attempted to escape from the room, but the burglar seized her by the arm and threw her violently on the ground, adding that if she screamed or made any alarm he would make short work of her. She was much terrified and injured by the force of the fall. Having gone as far as the hall door and looked out, he re turned, and demanded if there was any whiskey in the house. Mrs. Shirley said she thought there was, and pointed out the keys in the press, adding that she was un able to rise. The fellow caught her and threw her rudely on the sofa, again cautioning her against making a noise. The ruffian then took portion of a bottle of whiskey, a loaf, and anink-bottle; and then. with a threat that he would take Mr. Shirley's life, the fellow decamped; and though the t r o e were several persons about t he stable yard he contrived effect his escape unperceive d. A description of this daring burglar has been telegraphed to the different ports of egress from the country, and the p olice of the locality are actively engaged in looking after him. A magisterial investigation has been held in reference to the matter, and much indig nation is felt by the people of the locality, as this is the second occurrence of a similar nature taking place within a period of a few months.-22:pperarg live Press. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—The observations offered by the Attor ney-General at Richmond on the subject of the ironclads in the Mersey will be read with the deepest attention. We cannot discover, nor should we perhaps expect, any confident exposition of the law in these remarks, but as elucidating the general policy of the Government in this important pro ceeding, they will be weighed and scrutinised with peculiar intereet. It is impossible to deny that much perplexity is felt throughout the country on the question at issue. We all wish for a strict and im partial administration of the law, be it what it may, bat we do not wish to see the law strained in favour or in prejudice of either Federals or Con federates. We do feel, beyond a doubt, that if the despatch of such vessels as the Alabama from a neutral port is really consistent with the law of nations it concerns us very closely to get that law changed, but it also concerns us no l ess t o see thatjustice is done to everybody by the law as it stands. Upon the whole, the words of the Attorney- General are calculated to set the public mind at ease. We explained the other day that the case of these famous vessels would involve two distinct questions, one of law and the other of evidence. Now, it is clear from Sir Roundell Pal re er's speech that the great difficulties encountered by Govern ment in dealing with this matter have arisen on the question of evidence and not on the question of law. Ministers have not been doubting whether these steamers, if destined for the same service as the Alabama, could be lawfully despatched, but whether this suspected destination could be conclusively proved against them. In this case we say the opinion of the country will be with the Government. If our shipbuilders are not standing upon their riehts as established by the law, but relying upon their ability to evade the law by artifice they will obtain no sympathy, It would have been an unfortunate and perilous proceeding if the vessels now lying in the Mersey had been detained by any strained or unreasonable interpretation of the law, but if the spirit and intent of the law are clear few will be found to deny that there is suspicion enough in the case before us to justify the resolution of the Go vernment in reserving it for trial. Sir R. Palmer, then, tells us in the plainest language that the Go vernment of a neutral nation cannot, consistently with its neutrality, "suffer warlike expeditions and ships of war to be prepared and fitted out in its har bours. This is manifest reason. " We all know," he continued, " as a matter of fact that the Confederate States have endeavoured to some extent to make this country the basis of their maritime operations." That, also, is true. The Alabama was so far pre pared and fitted out for service in British waters that she was able to act against an enemy without repairing to any port of her own country for equip ment and commission. All that she did not actually get in British harbour she got outside by stratagem and evasion, and she did, in fact, represent a " war , like expedition" despatched from territories which were not the proper territories of the belligerent. The Attorney-General goes on to tell us, not indeed that he is confident of the practical efficacy of our laws against such proceedings, but that he has no doubt whatever of their intent and spirit. " We have got a law," he says," which may or may not be easy to construes but which certainly was intended to prevent these things." Unless, therefore, the law has been imperfectly framed, it would be found applicable to the transactions now suspected to be pending, but whether these suspicions can be developed into proofs is another question. Here Sir Roundell can only remind us of " the great difficul ties of bringing the law to bear by complete and con clusive evidence in cases of this kind, where every artifice is used for the purpose of disguise and eva sion ;" but at the same time he bespeaks our support for the efforts of Government in endeavouring to put the law in force. If this is the whole state of the case that support will not be wanting. If the law is clear against such expeditions as that of the Ala bama, and all that is obscure is the real destination of these Mersey ironclads for the same service, the public will not be slow to admit that the suspicions were strong enough to warrant their detention until trial had taken place. We should be a great deal more puzzled in the matter except for the precedent of the Alabama. The case is certainly not to be prejudged , but it would be affectation to deny that these vessels in the Mersey are reasonably suspected of a similar desti nation and character. Not to speak of the absence of satisfactory evidence to the contrary, which, if it existed, we might think would be most easily pro ducible, we find the organs of the Southern bellige rents actually threatening us with the resentment of the Confederates for stopping them. Those who ought to know best make no disguise of information now that it can do apparently no harm. It does not follow, even if this presumed destination be indeed the real one, that the builders of the steamers are immediately concerned in it, but it does follow, from the example of the Alabama, that the transaction would be ultimately such as we are called upon to prevent. We know, or may reasonably infer from that example, that even if the delivery of the vessels from the hands of the builders to these of the purchasers could be lawfully managed the illegality of the business would then immediately commence. When the Alabama appeared at sea as a belligerent cruiser she must of necessity have been fitted out for war either by neutrals or by belligerents from neutral territory. It is quite certain that she never received her legitimate equipment or commission in the ports of the Confederate Government. She was the produce of trickery and evasion. - We cannot say how, where, or by what instalments her equip ment was furnished, hut we can say that she did not leave our ports in the character or fashion of an honest vessel. As the Attorney-General put it, it was an " escape," and such escapes are exactly the things which we ought to prevent. Government has now, at any rate, prevented a like escape in the case of these two celebrated iron clads, but it has done so, as Sir Roundell's speech shows, only after grave doubts and difficulties. There is not a doubt, we are glad to find, about the spirit and design of our own laws. That is a great point in the matter, for even failure will not be dis creditable if the attempt to bring the law to bear has been founded on its obvious intent, and justified by irresistible suspicion. There is, however, a doubt about the result, partly from the words in which the law is expressed, but principally from the diffi culty of obtaining conclusive evidence in a case ad mitting of infinite evasions. But the Attorney- General reckons upon reasonable consideration from the public. He thinks that if the case should fail people will see that Government has done its best to enforce what is really believed to be the law. He tells us, further, that the Americans have done as much for others as they are now expecting us to do for them, and that they never, indeed, showed the least unwillingness to act when urged to such interference. Whenever they were informed that a belligerent Power was contriving the equipment of a ship of war in their ports, they were desirous of preventing it, but they found, Sir Roundell adds, the difficulties in the way of such a proceeding. We can only say, in conclusion, that if this is the state of the law, it is unsatisfactory in the extreme. If it is really held both in America and England that the equipment of ships of war in neutral waters for the service of belligerents is unlawful, and if both countries, nevertheless, find the utmost diffi culty in bringing the law to bear, the sooner the machinery is improved the better. There is a right and a wrong in such matters. What is right should be done openly and without disguise, but no loop hole should be left for the covert accomplishment of what is admitted to be wrong. POST.—Up to the present time there is no sign that the authors of the pending crisis in Prussia are awake to the importance of the conflict they have rashly provoked. Count Eulenberg's circular—w hich very closely resembles the notorious Jagow circular of last year—is a declaration of war against the free dom of election, in perfect freedom with bureaucra • tic traditions, but calculated to widen rather than to diminish the breach between the King and his subjects. It would have been impolitic, if it had not been contrary to the trath, to denounce the members of the Liberal majority in the late Chamber as the enemies of the monarchy ; but for the Minister of the Interior to take it upon himself to exhort the ens ployes of the State to vote for none but the Ministerial candidates—to command prefects and sub prefects, and all other provincial functionaries, to prove their devotion to the Crown by turning the elec tioneering screw on the side of the Government can didates, is, to say the least of it, in the actual situ ation of affairs in Prussia, not merely an unpardon able impertinence, but also a very wanton act of political suicide. Yet this is preciselyuo confides wohoatCdeosuntot Enlenburg has thoug ht fit to do • the paid servants of the Government the supervision an d manipulation of the e lections, and he tells them, in so many words, that—" It is impossible for any Government board to act efficiently should its pre sident profess political opinions at variance with those of the Government." No doubt the Minister writes with a better knowledge of the character of Prussian officials than we possess, and it may be that they will, as a body, accept without murmur ing or shame the ignominous part he has assigned to them. Still there are, we will hope, a few who, like the university authorities of Berlin and Bonn on a former occasion, will decline to serve as Ministerial electioneering agents, and their indepen dence can prove contagious even in the best drilled of all European bureaucracies. At all events, such a bold and unconstitutional attempt to influence the elections can hardly fail to aggravate the defeat of the Kiug and his Government ; and if, as is rumoured, the Minister of Justice intends - tb issue a similar circular, the only inference to be drawn from such a flagrant violation of constitution a l privileges will be that M. Von Bismark ha s ma d e up his mind to govern without a Chareber, or— which would be the best thing that could happen for Prussia and Germany—not to govern at all. Count Eulenburg's views of the duties of the civil servants of a constitutional Sovereign are curious enough. When the King has pointed out and definitely laid down the constitutional paths to be trodden by himself, and his officials with him, all must obey; and those holding offices o 7 political importance are bound, not only to render obedience, but active support. The idea is that the Crown is the living central point of the Prussian Constitution—that it is for the King to ordain, and the Parliament to register, his ordi nances. This was laid down ex cathedra in the lately published programme of the Ministerial party. The King, it was said, had confessed that the utmost unity prevailed between the Crown and its coun sellors, and that, therefore, to look to a change of Ministers for a solution of the existing crisis would he of no avail. Royalty—" a strong royalty"—could alone bring the present confusion to a close and guard and strengthen Prussia's position in Germany. But if he King be, as his so-called " friends" in effect affirm, the only Power in the State, why has Cham ber after Chamber been dissolved to procure if pos sible the concurrence of the representatives of the people in the measures which his Majesty deems necessary for the salvation of the country ? The present appeal " to the patriotism of the electors and the judgment of the elected" has, we are assured, been made under a conscientious observance of the Constitution ;" but in the same breath the Prussian people are warned " not to slight the inevitable consequences of a haughty re-election." What the King and his Ministers understand by a Constitu tion seems to be nearly this—that the Sovereign shall govern, but that he shall govern under certain conditions settled by himself. The Liberal party, on the other hand, contend that a Constitutional Government, under which the people are taxed withoat the consent of their representatives, and under which the Ministers of the Crown are not responsible to the nation, is a delusion and a sham, and they have determined to substitute their own real theory of the Constitution for the theory of Divine right upon which William I. has been advised to rely. The elections in which this question between the King and the nation is to be decided are fixed to take place on the 28th inst., but neither in Berlin nor in the provinces are there any symptoms of feverish anxiety as to the result. The absence of political agitation shows, in fact; that the Liberal party are conscious of their strength, and confident of success. Nor is it expected that the character of the Opposition in the new Cham ber will be much changed. In some places men of more advanced opinions may be returned, replacing, probably, a few of Count Schwerin's friends; but, upon the whole, it appears that the people will be satisfied with confirming the resolution they have more than once announced, by sending back their former representatives; and, as they are still desir ous to avoid a direct collision with the Crown, this is, perhaps, the wisest course they could take, inas much as it will leave the way open for the King to escape by dismissing his unpopular Ministers, and choosing for their successors statesmen who can command the confidence of the majority of the Chamber. It will also be the most emphatic answer that an insulted nation can return to the appeal of a Government which inspires neither respect nor fear. Hitherto the Opposition has been distin guished by firmness, unanimity, and moderation ; and there is no reason for deviating from the con duct which has extorted the admiration of Parlia mentary veterans, and done more for the political education of Prussia than could ever have been effected by louder, but not more sincere, demonstra tions of patriotism. COUNTRY MARKETS. ~P••• LIVERPOOL-FRIDAY. At this day's market there was a fair attendance both of millers and dealers, but the demand for wheat was ra ther limited, at about the prices current on Tuesday. Oats and oatmeal comir.and more attention, and incline upwards. Flour very steady, but in small request. Indian corn very firm, at the advanced rates of Tuesday. Barley, beans, and peas steady. WAKEFIELD-FRIDAY. A short quantity of wheat came to hand to-day, and all descriptions met a slow demand at last Friday's rates. Fine barley was in fair demand. Other articles ware difficult to quit. Averages for the week : Wheat 1,194 qrs., at 4os 10d Rve Oats Beans lO ' 34s Od Peas •• 5 Barley.. .1,440 ... 34s 31c1 STAMFORD-FRIDAY. White wheat, 42s to'44s ; red, 40s to 428 per 36 stone. Barley, malting, 36s to 38s ; grinding, 30s to 34s per qr. Oats, 20s ,to 25stper 24 stone. Beans, old, 42s to —8 per qr. ; new, 388;to —s. CORK-FRIDAY. The following were the quotations this morning :—Red wheat,:7B 8d to 8s 6d ; white, 7s 3dj to 9s Od , barley, 58 6d to 8s Od ; oats, 5s Od.to Gs 3d ; black do., 4s 10d to 5s 4d ; bere, 6s. DUBLIN-FRIDAY. A fair supply of all kinds of grain, and a steady market at Tuesday's prices. In some instances oats were a little sharper, and secondary barley difficult to sell. s. d. s. d. Wheat, white.. 23 0 to 25 6 Co., red .. 20 0 to 23,0 Do., new .... 0 to 0 Barley Oats 9 6 to 11 0 Do., black.... 0 to 0 8. d. s. d. Beans.. ..... 0 to 0 Bere Rapeseed Oatmeal ll 6 to 13 0 Bakers' flour Indian corn BRISTOL SUGAR-FRIDAY. The market this week has been doing a firmer busi ness, and an impression prevails that we shall not see prices so low as they have been. Refined goods met withait 31i f sale. Rum a limited sale at about the prices of last weer. COAL MARKET. Prim of Coal per Ton at the close of the market. s. d. 1 Cowpen Hartley 17 6 j Walls End. Mona House 21 0 I Tunstall ...... lB 6 Ships at market, 13 ; sold, 13. Foreign Mail. Packet List. MAILS DUE. s. d. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton ..Oct. 19. via Marseilles ..Nov. 12. brazil and Cape 'Verde, by British packet. Nov. 4. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena—Oct. 29. china, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton.oE. 19. via Marseilles ...Oct. 27. Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton .. Oct. 19. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton.. Oct. 26. via Marseilles .... Oct. 27. India (Bombay), via Southampton Oct. 26. via Marseilles Oct. 21. Portugal.... Nov. 4. Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Oct. 19. via Marseilles Oct. 21. Newfoundland ..Oct. 16. Oporto and Vigo .. U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.... Oct. 22, by U.S. packet.... by Canadian packet. 0ct.:23. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe Nov. 10. Bahamas, via New York Oat. 22. Mexico Oct. 29, All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, California. and Briti s h C o l um bi a .. 1 Oct. 29. Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur chasing Horniman's pure Tea; very choice at 3s. 4d. and 4s. "High Standard" at 4s. 4d. (formerly 4s. Bd.), is the strongest and most delicious imported.' Agents in every town supply it in packets. Ninety-six steamers, with an aggregate of 140,000 tons and 36,000 horse-power, are employed in the postal service of Great Britain. Births. BENn.o3l.—On the 16th inst., at 8, Devonshire-terrace, Fulham-road, the wife of the Rev. William Benham, of a daughter. GOWLLAND.— On the 15th inst., at 34, Finsbury-square, the wife of Peter Gowiland, Esq., F.R.C.S., of a son. LYsAQHT.—On the 14th inst., at Mowbray Lodge, Ripon, the wife of James Lysaght, Esq , of a daughter. SHARP.—On the 15th inst., at 15, Sutherland-terrace, Brixton, Mrs. C. K. Sharp, of a daughter. Marriages. MARGESSON—BEAUMONT.—On the 14th inst., at Darfield Church, Major Margeeson, of the 56th Regt., to Lucy Matilda, youngest daughter of E. B, Beaumont, Esq., of Woodhall, Yorkshire, MAKlN—CAisTort,—On the 15th inst., at Lancaster, Thos. Makin, Esq., of the Middle Temple, to Elizabeth, elder daughter of the late William Caistor, Esq., of Burnage, near Manchester, Deaths. BRAUND,—On the 16th inst., at Plumstead-commor, Kent, Marian Eliza, infant daughter of Marwood K. Braund, Esq., of Furnival's-inn. CLAYTON. —On the 20th Aug. last, at Hong Kong, George Clayton, Capt, 99th Itegt., youngest son of John Clay ton, Esq., of Lancaster-place Strand, from the effects of a wound rece i ved at the attack on Kwanshan on the 28th of May last, aged 24. KERSHAIV.-- On the 15th inst., at Biggleswade, Beds, Mr. Kershaw, late of Hitchin, Harts, aged 70. MuLLER,--On the 15th inst., at Brighton, John, youngest son of Wm. Muller, Esq., of Lower Clapton, aged 23. .‘,. OT TIDGE.—On th e 15th i n st., at Margate, Emily, w id o w of Josias N o ttid go , E sq ., late of Rose-hill, Wixoe, Suf folk, aged 91. ST EWART.—On the 15th inst., at Bryanston-square, the Lady Katharine Stewart. London: Print . ed and Pubtished by WILLIAM ANDREW, at No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SUN Office No. 112, Strand, in the Precinct of the 3avoy, in the cp un ty vt ktiddlesex, Saturday, October 171.1t63. NI fa ev.