The Sun. — London, England, 1833-01-10 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. Among the most important of the questions of domestic policy with which the new Parlia ment will have to deal, is that relative to the condition of the labouring classes, and the hest means of improving it. Every one will recollect that, during the last year of the Duke of Wel lington's Administration, vast numbers of peti tions were presented to both Houses of Parlia ment, detailing the miseries and privations of the industrious mechanics and labourers of England, whom a vicious system of internal policy, which regarded more the a ccumulation than the distribution of wealth, doomed to the _ _ • horrors of starvation in a land of plenty. No attention was paid to those petitions by the then Government, except to throw contempt upon the supplications of the petitioners—to deny the existence of extensive distress, and to refuse their prayers for inquiry into the truth of their allegations, by scornfully shutting the doors O f Parliament in their face. Our readers will recollect the exertions which we then m ade, day after day, to induce the Duke of Welling ton's Administration to listen to the complaints of the petitioners—to take their case into consi deration ; and if they could not afford then immediate relief, at least to bring to their as sistance the sustaining power of hope, by taking such steps as would afford them a promise of future measures for the alleviation of their sufferings. But no ; the Members of the Administration in both Houses of the Legis- lature broadly and flatly denied the existence of any distress that called for the interposition of Parliament. The Duke of Wellington him self undertook to prove that, instead of distress being prevalent, the country was actually in a state of " growing prosperity." He relied upon circumstances, as Sir Robert Peel did in the House of Commons, which, in reality, only showed that while solid prosperity was on the decline, the spirit of a gambling speculation in the affairs of trade and commerce was still alive. These Statesmen, no doubt, satisfied their owl nun& of the correctness of their positions. The ignorance of men on whom the duties of Go vernment devolve has often the effect of crime. The ignorant obstinacy displayed on that occa sion had dreadful consequences. The scornful denial, not only of relief, but of inquiry, drove the labouring classes to despair ; and the acts which were the result of that despair facilitated the downfall of a Ministry who seemed to think that any serious attention to the humble peti- tions of the poor was beneath the dignity of statesmanship. We told the Ministers then, and our anticipations of the crisis that followed are now upon record, that if Government did not take the case of the labouring classes into serious consideration, and afford them some prospect of relief, the consequence would he a servile war—that was our expression. The Government Press ridiculed the idea It was its pastime to taunt the petitioners. and weer at every one who advocated their melancholy privi'ege of complaint. Whatever the Duke of Wellington and Sir Rohert Peel said then were like the " decrees of Cesar" to some of our contemporaries, who, since their lots of power, have discovered them to be defi cient in every talent and public virtue that could qualify them to sway the destinies of a great na tion. Obsequious majorities in both Houses supported the decisions of Ministers, and exas perated the sufferings they derided. The year did not close without the breaking out of those disturbances, which the victorious leader of ar mies found himself unable to quell. Buntings and machine-breaking signalised the progress of popular frenzy. In the midst of the flames o f civil dissension, which their misgovernment had mainly excited, the Wellington Ministry let fall the reins of power. Special Commissions, with t)'eir scenes of fffiction, suffering, and blood, desecrated die hallowed season of Christmas. The excitement was subdued at the time at a great expense to the nation. But though the external symptoms of the disorder were abated for the time, its cause has never since been re moved. That "prevention is better than cure" is a maxim that holds good in the political, as well as the physical system. But while our LegislAors rely upon the efficacy of " letting blood" for crime, they care little for the adop tion of that moral treatment by which crime may be prevented. We now speak of that ape des of crime which is not the act of men har dened in iniquity, but of that class of offenders whose violation of the law is the consequence of the pressure of misery, driving them into temp tation, or forcing them to revenge. While the mi sery of the labouring classes, and the sense of op pression connected with it, continues, it is in vain that the ensanguined sword of vindictive law is suspended over their heads, and that every now and then it cuts off victims, and makes the people familiar with judicial slaughter. The best law is the preventive law—the law that will protect the labourer against the task-masters that " grind the faces of the poor," and, be taking from him the means of comfort and of an hottest independence, make him reckless of character, and qualify him for acts of violence , and depredation. It is true we hear seldom of the offence of machine-breaking now, but the reason is not that the results of the Special Commissions, or the still subsisting punish ment of death, have terrified from the crime s but because the farmers have very generally substi tuted the hand-labour of the flail once more for that of the thrashing-machine ; but the midnight buntings still go on. Neither continued execu tions by Judge and Jury, of guilty men some. times, and of innocent ones occasionally, can stop this crime of a fierce and ignorant spirit ol revenge—its cause lies deeper than penal laws can reach. The Spring-gun Bill of Lord Melbourne, which was to put men, women, of children, as the case might happen to be, to death, without the intervention of Judge or Jury. would only have made matters worse. The penal legislation has been long tried without effect— let the remedial now be attempted ;—improve the condition of the labourer. We shall show at another opportunity how that may be done. — Morning Herald. The continuance, though in whispers irregular and feeble, of the old Tory outcry against " free trade" with foreign Powers as an avowed preli minary to the repetition of former attacks upon the comtnercial branch of the Ministry in the course of the ensuing session, has led us to cast our eye again over the facts enumerated in the " Prussian tariff" contained in the Times of last Monday. We never before were made so sensible of the gross misnomer affixed to the system of British imports when it is termed a " free-trade system" as by the perusal of the above paper. It would be a hopeless task to attempt beating into the head of a thorough discipline of the nut ! -yet-abandoped policy of Great Britain, that complete protection of aU the manufactures of a given country is but an- other word for the complete annihilation of all her foreign commerce ; not even the carrying trade could long survive a successful effort to exclude the ships and goods of all surrounding A general system of exclusive policy s one which compels the subjects of the Go vernment enforcing it to buy at a dearer rate from their own countrymen than they might otherwise do from foreigners, such articles, whether of raw material or manufacture, as are nations. elsewhere produced at an inferior cost. The ships, therefore, of that nation which levies such burdensome taxes upon its own industry cannot be built or navigated at so small an ex pense as those of less improvident communities, which are satisfied to give and take with their neighbours, buying what nature withholds from their soil or climate, and being thereby enabled to find a market for their own superfluous pro ductions. With other branches of commerce, hcrefore, the carrying trade and shipping i,i erest must, like the rest, decline. There is variety of evidence to prove, that before Mr, fitiukisson made any overt exertion towards softening down of the rigour of the navigation and prohibitory laws; of Great Britain, the over strained screws had begun to lose their gripe, and the whole machinery of the " mercantile system" to betray strong signs of approaching dissolution. What, then, :id Mr. Huskisson attempt? Why, for the sake of British com merce, and of that alone, he began to relax the prohibitory and exclusive system. Some people were silly enough to call the new policy " free trade," and to expect, as a matter of right and certainty, that every Government which had been taught to act upon the restrictive maxims exemplified in the conduct of this country should at once retrace its steps, and, in token of gratitude for what was newly effected here, on the most selfish (though the truest) principle , : of regard for our own national prosperity, that these foreign Power:should exhibit in one moment , he same wisdom which England hail arrived at through the experience of a century of errors, and remove at a word those obstacles to free in- ercourse which we had so successfully, thong) anconsciously, inculcated upon them the ()blip don of establishing, to the assumed, hovvever unreal, advantage of their native industry. This was asking too much. There was no doubt, indeed, that Mr. Huskisson would have pro ceeded further in his course of commercial and maritime relaxation, had he entertained the slightest hope of overcoming the resistance ex perienced from certain parties at home, alike sordid, obstinate, blind, and unteachable. As t was, he did wonders, but he gave no " free rade," not even under the name of that " reciprocity" which, as negotiated with the Northern Powers, has been exclaimed against Cor its ruinous consequences to the ship-owners of Great Britain. We refer to the Prussian , ariff for particulars, and as the subject is curi ous, no less than important,—and but imper t'ectly understood, or perhaps we ought to say icknowledged, by the British shipowners, we here reprint those few paragraphs of the former statement which hear upon the question of " reciprocity. _" Thu, far we have considered what regards the tariff of duties as such ; nut the Prussian cominerciJ and ship ping. interests experience a no less great and extensive disadvantage, in comparison with those of England, from the operation of the English navigation laws. In con fortuity with these laws a Prussian vessel (or the vessel of any other foreign country, respectively) can import only Pt ussian produce or goods, and only from a Prussian port direct. It is also to be remarked, that the English law considers those vessels only as Prussian which were built in Prussia,* and whose crews consist of at least 3-4ths Prus• aian subjects. " So rigorously is the observance of all these conditions ind regulations exacted in England, that their neglect is followed not only by the sending back of the vessel, out by severe punishment—by fine, imprisonment, and eon fiscation. " While Prussia thus allows English vessels, be they wilt where they may, to carry goods into Pi ussian ports, -o that they be lint furnished with the proper English 4,ips' jaspers, without any inquiry as to the port, the , ountry, or the quarter of the globe from which the last ailed, or as to the origin of the produce or the war es they ray ry, and simply under the same regulation as those to vhich Prussian vessels must conform, the English law pet mits a Pros ian vessel to land her cargo only when she brings Prussian goods direct from a Prussian port. Thus, while the commerce of the whole world lies open to the English vessel on her way to the Prussian port, the Prus data vessel hound to England is shut out from all other trade whatever, and confined to the direct voyage from her own port to the English one. " Even the Prussian and English reciprocity treaty, which excited so much clamour and complaint in England, has therefore introduced anything but real reciprocity between the two countries : the whole advantage has re mained on the side of England, the whole disadvantage on the side of Prussia." With regard to other matters—Under this " free-trade" system, so much compl-ined of, while the only prohibited goods is Prussia are " plafiing cards," there is a long list of the staple articles of Prussian produce formally pro• tlibited, and others practically so, by the enor mous duties attending their importation here. All sorts of live stock, and most sorts of grain, the great growths of Prussia,—are substan tially prohibited. At this moment the English luty on corn exceeds the market price in Prussia. Tobacco pays 1,000 per cent. on its mime cost in Prussia ; hops Si. I ls. per cwt.,—a prohibitory duty. Even pig's bristles pay a large tax per pound ; such justice is there in the complaints of the British monopolist, and such the gratitude which he has a right to claim from us consumers, as well as from his competitors in Prussia ! As for timber, it is well known what a grievous sacrifice has heen wrung from this country, and what cor tesponding severity imposed upon the Baltic trade, for the sole benefit (and it is more than a doubtful benefit) of the Canadian grower. Having already mentioned the document whence these facts are drawn, and on which these obser vations are founded, the reader, by reference to , ast Monday's Times, may satisfy himself as to the moderation of the Prussian Government, compared with that of England, in its fiscal regulations, with regard to foreign goods, and learn what honesty there is in the howlings of our Conservative brethren against the free trade innovations, which they seem to regret with about the same pretence to decency and pa triotism as they do to the extinction of the rotten boroughs. We can tell the gentlemen that they will have more " free trade" before they -ee a diminution of it.—Times. We have already published some extracts from the evidence produced before the Com mittee of the House of Commons in support of the Factories Labour Regulation Bill. What a picture of suffering and cruelty ! If there be such a personage as a misanthrope in England or in the civilized world, now is the time fur him to triumph. Let him appeal to this evi dence, to this statement of facts—of nothing o • With what excessive severity this law is enforced may be gathered from this fact, among many others—that Prussian vessels, built in Prussia, and which had sailed for from 20 to 30 years under the Prussian flag to England itself, have been subsecpiently tried and condemned because 'it was alleged that the district in which they were built (East Friesland) had been taken away from Prussia, though it was not till long after they were built," but simple, unadorned, uncoloured, unexagge rated facts—and, it' he do not find his theory acknowledged, it must be from some fundamen tal defect in the theory itself. The proof of human wickedness is perfect ; let the misan thrope exult and triumph, therefore. He is now in possession of a case against human nature, surpassing every thing that has gone before it. The treatment of the poor, helpless, defenceless children in our factories, is a disgrace to the whole species. We can scarcely believe our eyes while we read, or trust our senses while we consider, the statements of the different wit nesses. No passion hut that of avarice could have perpetuated such enormities. Herod commanded the slaughter of babes, but nothing short of avarice could have snatched them_from the breast to put them to the torture—the slow consuming fire— of the factory system. The idea of setting in fants of seven or eight years of age to work at ali is dreadful ; but to set them to hard work. under hard task-masters, without any allowance of time for recreation, for instruction, and scarcely for repose—to exact from their tender limbs and unformed sinews the greatest possible quantity oflahour within a given time, no regard being had to the physical and moral effects of such a slavery on the future lives o f the unfor tunate victims, is to perform the office of a demon, and that demon is Avarice! If Mr. Sadler had never done any thing for society bui the bringing to light this monstrous and inhuman system, society would be largely his debtor. The evil cannot long outlive its exposure. Every heart capable of a throb of sympathy must fee for the infants who are sacrificed by hundreds to the political economy of the factories. What a picture is that which represents childhood in chains—childhood under lock and key, not in- dulging its sportive gambols in the presence of tenderness and affection, but drudOnf,r for a brute, and trembling at a tyrant ! And yet that picture is not one of fancy. But the meeting of Parliament will be the signal fir putting an end to such an abominat , on. It must stop—it cannot cro on—for the common instincts of mankind rise up in judgment against it.—Mo - n. Herald. As the period for the meeting of Parliament approaches, the anxiety to ascertain its temper becomes naturally more intense. Now that the excitement of the elections is over, it would he difficult to gather from the constant oscillation of a portion of the Metropolitan Journals, what opinions are retained and what discarded. We are led to believe, that if certain doctrines, now unblushingly maintained, respecting the control over opinion which property ought to possess, had been maintained previous to the election, the result might have been very different. The question is, whether the same changes have taken place in the opinion of the representatives of the nation. The great object of the Reform Bill w as , as we understood it, to diminish the influence of individual possessors of property, and to increase the influence of property in the aggregate. It was supposed that the suffrage was sufficiently extended to render the posses sors of it identical with the possessors of pro perty, and that as property would naturally pro tect itself, the Government would hereafter be conducted, with a view to the benefit of the governed, and not the advantage of a pe culiar class. As power has long been in the hands of the Tories, who have the Magistracy and the clergy, with few exceptions, on their side, a great struggle took place to return, through the con trol by various influences of the voters, repre sentatives of the class which has hitherto preyed on the property of the country. The voters, often at considerable personal sacrifices, for the most part successfully resisted the attempts made to control and intimidate them. The fashion able doctrine now, however, is, that control and intimidation were all very proper ; that the great proprietors ought to determine for the electors whom they ought to return to Parliament ; and that it is an absurdity to suppose that any elector ought to have an independent opinion. Con science is to be utterly exploded. These rapid conversions do not seem to have extended be yond the metropolis ; and it will surprise us if, in the teeth of the declarations so recently made to their constituents, the representatives should, in the course of a week or two, have become altogether new men. We can understand the doctrine of our contemporary (the Standard), on the subject of influence, because it is in ac cordance with the principles which he has always maintained ;-- " To come, however (says our contemporary), once again to the suhj.(ct of this controversy, the question of influence, and the ballot remedy. We have never dis guised our opinion, that influence ever has li , o(n, and ever will be used ; and that within the limits of Christi in and tour it duty, it ought to be used to the utmost extent, to promote the political views of those who possess it. Po litics form a department, and an important dep otinent, too, of morals ; and as ad %irtuous friendship must he founded on moral sympathies prima facie, a political re pugnance ought to operate as a bar to unnecessary or easily avoidable connexions ; while political accord—idem see tire de republica—should ever present strong motives for a preference in conferring or continuing friendship or fa vour. It A loves Ws brother B, he certainly as ill prefer C, who unceasingly labours for B's welfare, to D. who s inelatigably strives to bring abut B's destruction. N'y, if A loves his brother B, he will withhold or with draw front D, the enemy, all favour which could en courage, all power which could assist him in injuring Ida brother. It is but for A's ' brother B' to read • his country,' and we have the duty of influence demon strated : the man who loves his country will exert all his faculties of mind or estate for its welfare—lie that will not is no patriot. " Assuming, then, that influence is on the side of those who exercise it the reverse of a moral offence ; and as suming also, that they who are not too magnanimous to accept favours, ought not to be too ambitious to confide to friends and benefactors that political guidance which must otherwise in the end revert to a blind trisjaritv equally independent of us—assuming these two proposi tions, we would further inquire whether influence is a po litic it evil? or ra , IP-r, for we Inuit shorten the investiga tion. whether the Reform B 11, and the m-a.ure by which it was carried, have not made the exercise of very eaten• sive influence necessary to the existence of the established orders in this country? " Toe Morning Cironicle yesterday was good enough to inform us that any collision between the Houses of Lords and Commons must prove fatal to the former—in other words, that the political exist.ence of the House of Lords had tertrynated ; and the Morning Chronicle told the truth. The body, then, which independently repre sented the property and rank of the country being no more—how are property and rank to be represented, if not by the exercise of influence ; and if not represented. how are they to be protected ? The question will he found to be more serious, when men consider how small a por tion of the national constituency the Reforest Bill has left to be influenced by rank or (legitimately) by property ; how small a portion of the constituency, indeed, that Bill has left, who are not naturally hostile to the aristocracy, and to the wealthy of the country." Having determined that elections should be con trolled by the aristocracy, our contemporary next proceeds to inquire whether the ballot would he efficacious in securing independent suffrage. Leaving the case of America, as not exactly in point, our contemporary betakes himself to ancient Rome for a solution, and there he finds, on the authority of Cicero, that the ballot de stroyed the influence of the aristocracy. Wh o does not know the ballot law to have destroyed all the influence of the aristocracy ?"- - « Qui autem non seutit omnem optimatum auctorita- tahellariam legem ahstulisse ?" We are not lisposed to follow our contemporary into his Pxamin at i n of the conduct of the people of Rome, either with or without the ballot, because that world lead us into a wide field of inquiry— the peculiarities of Roman society as compared yith our own. It is sufficient for us to observe that our contemporary seems to have little doubt of the efficacy of the measure for the purposes for which it is wished by its advocates. The standard and the Tory Journals are consistent. They wish influence ; they wish to see a rich Church as a support of a rich aristocracy; they wish to perpetuate the system of profusion which has given two Admirals for every ship. and two Generals for every 500 men ; they wish to have numerous colonies in every part of •he world, maintained at a heavy expense to thP Nfother Country, in order that the children and connections of our aristocracy may be provide or at the expense of the nation. Tney know hat if property in the aggregate be fairly repre .ented, this system cannot last ;—they know ,hat the e'ectors generally have no wish to per oetulte this system of profusion, and that, if un. controlled and unintimidate I, they will return to Parliament men determined to pursue econom% ►nd retrenchment to the utmost. We under stand our opponents, but we cannot so easily understand the change which has come over our friends. They now maintain, that ►hey to whom the suffrage has been given by the Reform Bill ought not to exercise it . independently. Upon what ground, then, we ask, could the Whig Ministry hope for a majority in the late election ? If control and intimidation ought to be used, the people ought of course to yield to control and intimidation ; for a demon only would wish to Mace a power in the hands of men, merely to su bject them to punishment, real or apprehended. Then the Conservatives ought to have had a large majority in Parliament; for in most of the counties they form at least four-fifthS of the aristocracy, having at their command at least :in equal proportion of the magistracy, and nearly all the clergy. In several large counties there is no Whig aristocracy, but merely one or two Whig proprietors ; and what Burke said in a letter to Earl Fozwilliain, is as true as it was when he wrote, that the Whigs formed but a small portion of the aristocracy of England, and that their chief strength lay among t e Dissenters. On the part of a Whig, then, it is a complete felo de se to advocate the doc trine that those to whom the suffrage is given should not freely exercise that suffrage. There can be no question but that a man of property, if he is also a man of virtue and intelligence, will always have great influence on his less affluent and less instructed neighbours. Of this i+ifluence on our purposes he should be deprived. He will have it under all circumstances. But there can be no rea.on why a man, merely be cause he is possessed of property, should be able to control his poorer newbbours, and to compel then to vote against their cons:•iences. The Globe, which, only the other day, exclaimed loudly against the bestowing offices and honours on polnical opponents, and quoted the Dublin Morning Register, and other provincial papers, in support of his views, now endeavours to ridi cule the idea of restricting Ministers in the bestowal of offices and honours. Do riot be in such violent haste, Gentlemen, to refute your selves. But we shall take another occasion to deal with our consistent conteinporary.—Morn ing Chronicle. DIE ONLY HONEST LAWYER.—A few days since, the sexton belonging to Sr. Pancras old burial ground was etigued in digging a grave, when he disco vered part of a head-stone, which from length of time had slink a considerable depth into the ground. On its being taken out, and the e firth cleared away from it, the follow iag lines were found inscri'n•d uu n it:— Here lays one, deny it if you can, A lawyer, though an honest man, To him Heaven's gates are open wide, But shut to all the tribe beside." NIATRIMONIAL Bristol, the only daughter of an min nt medical man had been for some time past egg aged to a young physician, who, encouraged lay the bright eyes of the yenta; lady, and assisted by the influence of p ipa, was rai id ' progressing on the road to matrimonial happiness anal professional eminence. All parties seemed satisfied with the proposed union—the usual preparations were made—the company invited—the day fixed. At the appointed hour of eight every body was assembled in holyday dress, with one ex ception—the intended bride, in the fulness of her virgin beauty, stood on the tiptoe of expectation—" for her no spouse prepared the bridal ring." The gentleman was sent for, but, in spite of the father's remonstrances and the lady's tears, refused to ratify his engagement, under the plea that it was too early an hour for such an important event. A quarrel in consequence arose between the parties. and eventua ly terminated in a final separation.--Glow cester Journal. FARMERS' SERVANTS.—A very curious affair has taki-n place, dui ins the week, at the villa 2e of Lockingtori, which has disclosed, at least to our minds, a anent exttaordinary fact. 'this fact is, that the clergyman of th e village has been in the habit of receiving, from the servants of vie farmers, a specii s of tithe on their wages ; from those on wages trader M. a year, Gal. ; and (*rim those on wages above that sum, Is. By an odd c ainci deuce of circumstance., we have reason to h lieve this cu-tom has not only been broken h 5 upon, hut extinguished in Locking on. On a day, we have not been able t ,s ee , rain which, a young man, of the name of Dons WORTH, was called ueon by the collector for his Not having one, he told the collector he must wait till his wages were paid. The collector replied, •' I must have it immediately ; borrow it of your coaster." The lad was obstinate, and eventualli"refused to pay at all, in which resolution he was i.ined by several others to the number of fifteen. This altercation ended in an appeal to a gigrate in Beverley, tvho in vain counselled the young man to comply with an old custom. Perseverance in re fusal led, on the part of the demandant, to the exaction of what was caked his legal claim, 4,1. in the pound, and finally to the apprehension of three young men, who were committ• d to ga.,l, for three months, by, we believe, the Rev. Mr. BLANCHARD. Further consideration has, how ever, dictated their liberation without compromise, and they returned to their homes on Thursday, having been greeted on Lackington bridge with three times three, for h a ying, as the father of one of them expresses it, bet the parson, cla rk-gentlemen without touch trouble," This, t ,, ~,, is a new tearure in the tithe system. Can such a detnand be consistent with the law of tithes, or the law of tie. lan•!? If it be not, how has it arisen, and with what s p-cies of justification can it have been persevered in? Surely these poor fellows have enough to do with their little pittance. Surely some better way of retnuneratine the cleagy may be devised, than taking for tteir support part of the wages of farmers' servants, many of them under twenty ye ar. of age. Can it surprise any one, that of this eau should create dissatisfaction and discon tent ? Ought a moment to be lost in putting an end to this odious and oppressive system ?—:Hull Rockingham. A humourous anecdote is 'related of JOHN StErnattas, the (Id man who died this week at Spalding w orkhouse. He was in his prosperous days a humourous forward fellow, and it happened one time, while GEORGE t h e Fourth was Prince Regent, that he was or, a visit at 13elvoir Castle, and was returning through Stamford on a market day. STEPHENS, wi h some Spalding men, were at Stamfoad, and were very desirous to see his Roy al Flightless, but it was found impossible to get near the carriage, the press was so great. STEPHENS in those days wore his hair powdered, anal having procured by some means a white rod or wand, and followed by his Spalding friends, cried to the crowd with an air of authority, Make way, make way." The people, seeing him pow dered, and with a wand in his hand, supposing !aim one sat the attendants of the Prince, opened right and left to lei him Pass, until he and his friends came up to the door of the carriage, which being open, STEPHENS looked in anal bowed, and then turning to his compsnions, said, " 0, there is no use in speaking to him ; I see the Bevor (Bela. voir) wine is not got out of his I ate yet," a=ad so marls his way back &gain. —Stuntford Bee. INSOLVENT• COURT, Jot. 9. William Hancock was opposed on the part of tw, creditors Mr. Porter, a wine-merchant, and Mr. Sparrow, a tea-dealer, by Mr. AYCKBOWM he was supported by Mr. COOKE. It appeared by the schedule that the insolvent had described himself as a cl,rk, and had attributed hi , insolvency to his having studied the art of singing. in which accomplishment he was not yet a profi cient, but soon expected to be so. This statement excited the surprise of the Court, and the Learned Chief Commissioner observed—" I take it you are parson, though I confess you do not look like one Pray at what college were you educated ?" am clerk to an auctioneer. CHIEF COMMISSIONER—Then you are not a clerk in orders, you are not of the profession of a clergy man? In.olvent—No, Sir; I am clerk to an auc rioneer at Brighton. _ CHIEF COMMISSIONER—I thought it strange tha* a clergyman ,hould have become insolvent by turn ing sine , ; but as you have described yourself as I, •` clerk," you must he remanded to prison, that you nay re-advertise yourself by your proper description The in-olvent was then remanded amidst cons - derOile laught.r. Thomas Takes, late proprietor of the ()dean , Hotel, Jermyn.treet, was oppo s ed by Mr. WOOD ROFFE for a Mr ONen, and supported by Mi. COOKE. The debts of the insolvent amounted to upwards If 3,0001., his credits to 1/. 12s 8d , and there were also due to him 351. of b d d. brs ; beyond this there was nothing for the general creditors. The mother :)f the insolvent, who is hostess of the Ram Intl, at Uxbridge, held a warrant of attorney, given to h e r by her son, for a debt of 1,5001.; she had acted upon, this instrument, and taken possession of the furtii e upon the premises in Jermyn-s'reet. The lease of those premi , es, which it appealed was of no value, had also been made in her name, and the bu•iness of the hotel wai now yarded on by her sister, who had been housekeeper to the insolvent during the time he kept the house. _ It appeared from the evidence of Mr. Owen, that 'he insolvent was indebted to him in the sum of 251)1. for money lent and interest accrued,—that had made repeated applications for payment, but h always been told that the insolvent had mone y due to him in Scotland, which was shortly expected to be remitted, and that the only obstacle was a rascally Scotch lawyer, by whom it was detained. This representation was now admitted by the insol vent to have been a false one, and only made for the purpose of gaining time. It was also acknowledged that a letter written from Scotland, in reference to the pyrnent of this money, but which bore date a twelvemonth before, was shown to the creditor to induce him to suppose the money was still due; the date of the letter was torn off, as the insolvent af firmed, by breaking the seal. A great many letters in relation to these facts were read, in all of which Mr. Owen was addressed as " Dear Owen.' One of the letters was on pea green paper, edged with gold, and folded in an ele gant triangular shape, and " Dear Owen" was in vited to call and " drink his hot water" with his debtor, and arrange about his debt ; but finding how matters were going on, he had discontinued his in timacy, and now appeared in Court to oppose the liberation of the insolvent. The COURT, of er passing the most severe com ments upon the conduct of the insolvent, and observing, that in his behaviour towards Mr. Owen, who had so greatly befriended Ivni, he hail broken those ties of honour and honesty which ought in sub,ist between man and man, sentenced him to an imprisonment of eight calendar months, for con tracting part of the debt due to that gentleman by is fraudulent representation. OLD BAILEY, JAN. 9. lifichael Purcell, a publican, was charged with killing and slaying a child of tender years, on the 27th of December last. Mr. J. Leeson, a surgeon in Chiswell-street, saw the child the day it died. There were no external snails of violence on the body. It evidently died from suffocation. A child might meet with death by being unintentionally pressed by its mother. Dr. &mind Miller gave similar testimony, and added, that had the child been 'pressed between a door and post, some external mark must have berm apparent on the body. William Webs•er, the father of the child, stated, on boxing-day he had been out with his wife, drink ing at several public house'4, until an hour alter midnight. On their way home they caned at that kept by the prisoner, ansl requested some gin, but he was refused, and him,ell and companions ejected from the house. His wife and child were squeezed between the door and the door-post. It was af , cr wards found to be dead. Himself and companions were the worse for liquor, which was the reason why Mr. Purcell refused to supply them. Mr. Baker, the Coroner, deposed, that when the matter was investigated before him the Jury re turned a verdict of " Accidental death." The de fendant was admitted to bail. The RECORDER stopped the case, and observed that the accused had acts-d in a proper manner by ejecting. drunken persons from his house at an un svasonable hour of the night. He should be imme diately set at liberty, and the Court would not al low either Wetwer or his wife their expenses, as t Wag okvirig to their profligate conduct that their child had been deprived of life. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION HOUSE. A tall raw-boned fellow, with a black head and whiskers, named White, was brought up, cha•ged under the following eircums antes by a feeble minded old man, named Pitman, who is in the employment of Mr. Mortimer, the irou-master, in Bash-lane. The prosecutor, a man of remarkable simplicity, stated that about ten days ago, as he was looking in at the picture-shop in St. Swithin's-alley, the prisoner pressed against him in a way he did not like. He walked off, bit the prisoner followed, and said he wished to become acquainted with witness. Witness did all he could to avoid the prisoner, who, however, stuck to him, and did not leave him till he put 3-. 6d. into the fellow's hands. The poor old man was so much affected, that he could scarcely proceed for some time, but we collected from his s•atement, that the prisoner found oat where he lived, waited for and pursued him in the street, and terrified him out of money. The witness's apere hension was, that the prisoner meant to charge him with something dreadful. h a d T seenhe prisoner en a d n l f i l e oy n i e n v g e r t h u e s ed ou fi g lly: h n t tie r i e n a a t. ii, and he interfered and prevented them from persevering. This induced the prosecutor to think favourably of him, and he (prisoner) - accordingly borrowed money of him, which he intended to pay as soon as he was able. The prosecutor declared there was no truth in the prisoner's statement, and said that on one occasion the prisoner met him and insisted upon having a -hilling (all the money the prosecutor had about him) and his pocket handkerchief and spectacles. The LORD MAYOR expressed his fears that the town abounded with miscreants who, like the pri soner, terrified helpless men out of their property. He had never heard a more gross instance of that horrible practice, and declared that if the evidence was strong enough ro authorize the committal of the prisoner, White should be sent to Newgate for highway robbery. His Lordship then ordered the prisoner to be remanded for further examination. BO IV- STREET. Yesterday N'Jr. CharnMTlC,asolTeitor, came to the °thee, accompanied by Ambrogi, the Dalian, who appeared before Mr. HALLS and Mr. Misstium, on Nionday last, to complain of the conduct of a den tist, and, referring{ the Magistrates to the case, said that on Saturday evening last Ambrogi applied to him to act on his behalf, in order that the cireum- stances connected with the death of his brother night be properly investigated. He (Mr. Cher: 'lock) advised him accordingly to apply to a-Magr .trace on the subject, and unierstanding by are' purt in the Times that he had done so, and that oat of the Magistrates advised him to bring his solieita 6 vith him, he now came forward on behalf of Mr brogi, in order that the case might undergo a Judi' cial inquiry. Mr. Charnock then proceeded to dr scribe the circumstances preceding the death Constant Arnbrogi, and said that on his way to the, ace he felt it his duty to wait on Dr. Owen, 0 ' Holborn, whose name was connected with di g Transaction, and advised him to accompany him 10 the office, in order that he might explain before thi Magis!rate his impression as to the cause of death' Dr. Owen, however, declined to do so unless 1 10 was compelled, but observed that he should have nt objection to appear before a Coroner's Jury. Af er some conversation, Mr. HALLS said—We mint have evidence before us, or we cannot act, and unless you are prepared t 6 prove wilful neglect on the part of the dentist, I dO think ve cut interfere. Mr. MINSHULL said that, with a view to satal the mind• of all pa,tiea, he thought the moat prc" per course wo , ild he to apply to the &ironer. 10 qrder that the body tn ght be disinterred, when July, asq.isted by competent and profe'sional meth would determine as to the cruse of deaf h. Mr. HALLS said he thought that an appl;catioul th e overseers of ►he parish in which, the decesso was buried, would be suffic , ent to obtain an esr. mil-ration of ►he body. Mr. Charnoek said that the loss of the decals. would be severely felt by his family, as he u t yle wood that he had been in the habit of transm►{ri4 a treat portion of hi.t earnings to his aged fathets o mother, who resided in Lucca. The wile of Ambrogi, in answer to a question ar to whether the deceased was aware of his daagefil slid that the la-r words which he uttered were: " Toe dentist has ruined me." She added that the' poor fellow was in perfect health before he wet t o the dentist, but during the fortnight which precede" his death his siiffelings were so great that 111/ screams might be heard in the street. Mr. Charnoek told Mrs. Ambrogi to state IV n tale of the dentist. M , s. Ambrogi replied that his name was Purlanet! and that he lived at N 109, Long-acre. After some further observa• ions it was determine d I that an application should b:• made to Mr. Stirlink the Coriiner for Middlesex, for his order to ciliate the body, and summon a Jury to examine the 00 1 of the injured jaw. The parties then retired. QUEEN SQUARE. Two destitute-looking young men were yesterdi convicted of selling unstamped publications, ati committed for one month to the House of Coe rection. THAMES POLICE. Captain Tremarvus, master of the schooner /avid in the London docks, was fined a for having el: powder on board his vessel, contrary to the doe' regulations. Mr. Jame; Rawlings, chief officer of the Ave'. rican ship Paris, was tined 40s. fora similar offelce. HATTON-GARDEN. Yesterday John Tatham was brought from tti ° station-house, charged by Mr. John Wright, l a id, agent, of Queen-square, under the following egrg! ordinary circumstances : The prosecutor deposed, that on Tuesday ne t lair, as was his u-ual custom, he went to the Qieen of Wurtemberg public-house (iit his own bourhood), at about 11 o'clock, to have a half of potter ; the prisoner was standing by his ,de , and on feeling for his purse, which contained 'lg.,' he missed it. Being positive that he had it inbi g pocket when he entered the place, he suspected:he I prisoner, and gave him into custody to a policetit o who searched him, but nothing was found. Mr. LAING inquired whether the prisoner leftil l place while Mr. Wright w a s th ere ?—Th e landO u : replied in the negative. The prisoner positively denied the charge.ol ci : said Mr. Wright, whom h e never saw b e f ore , tnt re't into conversation with him about theatricals, 0 1 consequence of his (th e p r i soner ' s ) sa yi ng th a t h e t had been to Saddler's Wells theatre, which Fast thinly attended. Mr. Wright asked me whato s ; the reason that theatricals and dramatic literatlr e were on the decline. I replied, " The want ° , I, money is the cause." " No," said Mr. Wriltl t Z l it is the wide and rapid spread of religion throig, the world, that is the cause." I agreed with her , as he seemed quite satisfied upon the point, We l/ he asked me whether I had not benefited We' ligion ? I replied that I had had a great Intl beat tits from God, and I hoped to receive tiOr e ' little anticipating the benefit of a night's lodging the station-house, when he challenged me witho robbery. Mr. LAING—What are you ? Prison, plumber and glazier, and I have worked i. place for the last 14 years. Mr. Payne, plumber and glazier, of Isling , greet, stated that he had trusted the prisoner hundreds of pounds. He held him in Brea , deuce, and should retain him in his service, as Another individual presented himself to spt the prisoner, but Mr. Laing discharged him it without imputation. ofessio p l .' the rn ~e the o• beet GOs the cur vi of Gleets tally anal or a se you) He took . Mr. Wright's name and address, ceed against him for false imprisonment. TIIE FEMALE ARISTOCRACY OF ENi —The Co , irt J,urnal of next Saturday w ill , third of those piqu int papers, the two previous which, under tt e title of the ‘ Garland of B.au eited such unprecedented attention in the fashionab, at the commencement of the two previous y ars. oresent Gai land of Beauty" will characterize th, liar style of hetuty of no less than sixty of thi iistinguished Belle of the upper circles. AN AMBASSADOR'S SPEECH.--The mqn translated the Ambassador's speech, after it spoken in English, a . the Sultan replied in pressing satisfaction at the judicious and sensible a representative made by the English King. I Was Mr. ADAIR who, on a similar occasion, ha , gotten his speech, repeated the Lord's Prayer. of etiquette, most important of his credentials, __ ,ut it he would not have been welcome, presented, same time, by Sir R. GORDON, consisted of worth about three thousand pounds. The Su, desired that the Captain of the English frigate ed out to him. He s aid nothing, but sent de-camp to him in the course of the day to were sensible of Cie honour conferred on him, by ing deigned to c tst his ey es on him. He was spirits, and remained talking w i t h hi s f avour i tes cereit , ony wan over, apparently to let us admire hi of our piety, however, who was shortsighted, fo the decorum due to the presence, soon brought a over his countenance by eyeing him through a though he had been a lion every way, oli,rvir the Sultan rose, and retired in a huff.—Slade's in Turkey. ilnpotei billty AI hal Powe Jima speedy Goss .'"a to Years, di soda ce: ef fect, ° B et T 'rev ) , eolith: 'it] ea , tan e, ibg t h e 3 :tvard,, l 44 ly att , to DIED. ""Y In August last, at Tellicherry, in the East Indies, Lie d ; N 0 Charlotte, wife of William Oliver Shake s p ear, Es q ., Hono in ° 1 Company's Civil Service, M a d ras Establishment. 1, Juan On the Bth inst. Mrs. Rowsell, of Kennington Common,' ah oye lat age. S sth year of her On the Bth inst. in Kington-square, Bath, in the 85th yep 2, Ti l eak€4, his age, Robert Tindal, Esq ., father of the Chief Justice Phirite "' Sy] Common Pleas. 0 „: csq - t-ty On the Bth inst. aged 52,. after a long and p a i n f u l ne. „lid Rev. Richard Watson , Senior Secreta ry to the Wesleyan `-ItIA t • sionary Society. 0472, r , h On the 9th inst. M r sen., of Betlinal4 9 _ Cili a in his 80th year. n-sti On the 8 h inst. at Duppas-hill, Croydon, at an advancevd+Jtiftel, n acre[ Jo yce, relict of the late Asir.. W 11 William Owens, of Deptfueoh, ,‘ On the 7th inst at Isleworth, George 'ibbaid, Esq., aged "rri ; , On the 7th inst. at Woolhope, near Hereford, 31,ry,- tth e, '•ode of William Wizard, Esq., New-street, Spring-gardens. o t‘eed te • T On the sth inst.' at Escot, D evons hi re , a ged 711, Richard ' way, Esq., formerly second member of the Board of 'Tr , . , ziod if Bengal during the admi n i sfra ti on o f M a rquis Cornwallis, r' 'Won Tod ft owdi n 4 4 641 eec] BIRTH. On the 2d inst. the wife of the Rev. Win. John daughter, zit Mile End, near Norwich. MARRIED. On the sth ins'. at St. John's Church, Hackney, W. BuC l Esq., New Kent-road, to Louisa Thomas, youngest daugD! the late Rees Thomas, E=l., of Llangadock, Carmarthenshi PRINTED ►ND PUBLISHED BY MURDO YOUNG. SUN OFFICE, 112, STRAND, LONDON, Tsdonienr.-O,OA---`4,e4 B°' A b„.Bttle. vIcE 1,,, E . istingovw-ov,r 4.o,essio oner vi ri e ., Prey,'"e moo ea. cilifr is d , as notifil4to 411elisr,henheal speai ithtiptil n a ' tt,,e cur :llretrnOtt:Y) Vi Ith,`nt of 6S, tOprW:"q Gl e • .1.4 4 • eet._ ets .li%a 114e:11411Y ta ed tes, anal L At4frity bY ass correie ibler,°r bar- your iog nate:o,s th•areenne ,•auty,o f 514,. la it ases, nable noilhati'l of deb ility ars. hi c klbew babef,.i!itY .e the pee'rlregli th e "' hal f the speasfe rwe ci aePeueeSt 'he draglfthes:4* Goa!' it had t"At. b y tt Particul P••cson, tehe4 mistsk )le choice it:rosei ea to to at: t h e I thielr itcti'ated iwl having fer,tes elr irotied‘ which, .since 0014144i' from tl 'fired, A t t' : litayee any i n , 'f diatnne'!lltrajars fir9t Sultan tioXNeoPractitic to tnighytee wa!ititute lent an „ .with whi now if f ti, ih 'loured. by his 11,p1:!o:rize,'ult of was in 134,10 ti t t ,Y a s up ites after $ "weve e him.OP'tl4e tithe P ,Plad' tad ati ( 4 1 } , it fo rt tl. c •e ti t s g o i rot a e e, 4 e rt a i ll t, 4 1 .1 z o r v e e h a gi.Ojb:td the s i ruing Whict4i krio,,e,ess 0 de's Trat Of h 4 o t Y y t , wo to t(ltthars, di ~fadvi: hf 41t ea °4a ) set, Coupe, I Ili e:7O _hupe s o rii ae d .ya a c:, : c.4 ideveioo l .vt, a n. i oi is p tpinod u iraeis l ie se i r l T: i at s ot l Pee DR. PA pRA, 7nrim'int Even le r i fi° Principl, t il Y J. A PAR u °f the R oy , the nf the Phil( s o'S'al Alredi e ft The Publ. . 11 editi ; e n of Dr a nog ' . Bo printe ' qlt (mat e d Able 03 a of at. atter, deri 1 la i n Plura l r tb e 1 " combin • ""ttor ha. , ri nt . l , liv p . -"' 'or She VAR] publ PRAcI ART o f i Ptet . i for the Si which the um,. 'ted for Sher:( k vol THE j . 4 , rA A , 0 ., Wi %.;TICAL leits2enting Ni r'i Fea of ART, I vori e t , as Land.i l 'lghlv nee orie mbroidei ted f r nh and all r ora the' Fro 'll, `° X.ING . ING ,c our kWING i n aced k °f Tweni 110 nth Sit AlAs Srll Y m, F r r Y Book Langun in and PI kiE FRE ibleo v ) , ; 0 01c, 0 .1 ' "Ce '.ngllBl 'ERo Iit: ILEN( 2. 13 ] asy '4 TION • trnil'7 4h3 gUes iti n lUhjects. 3• " fi 4nd lalprc 'tNO -11 ,„Z H 13. ect litb ° t all pere k ati D lCTlor t k i a k ted 7 e xplain 4. ;Price 21 ( f t iirtl. elNt tENcH l'att I. e gad Penela. S 3 313e 3 rrected • M c 'egantl r t e e FRET 4(1(6 - ' 4 Pren c • itetnent of td tt rich L in uett' Il ;petition, ; I t . te quot ea ()NS,Pt I :ILDF co ll;"---1-rat tin 1144 at any CH roth. 4l fulsiona, It r and Nurs th e KNSON N4, (1 , 4sery, ved laundre l o c tl ,"( / 1 Cm the ti the t i s ' th e us re it th et it s C e th e age of ? u tns • a )1. if , ' 4 the' n li t Child wa o nv gyru . P irn rn the d t s :° ll, , Fel i rd l th e fl,,t 4 perso r ti„, °thi n 8 ' f kc ' tare '. ) titjj r b oa N and / h4:, ) 5 2 Fart e t - has so ] Ilottle. bvict re