The Sun. — London, England, 1854-04-18 00:00:00

triiirb ''T'its7t-ition+ NEWMARKET RACES. (THIS DAY.) or ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) 1 2 Coop D'EtaNEWIIAPKET HANDICAP. Sins qua Non... Twelve ran. Adine was scratched. £5O PLATE. PeJsie ............................ ........ Duke 01 ....... ........ Six ran. Won by two lengths. 10 SOVS. SWEEPSTAKES. witch Jwaney Wren Eight ran. The Match between Pharoid and M arq uis of "1-4Seveigne RIDDLESWORTH STAKES. 'bee Pact........ Aztalfo ...................... Three ran. SUESCRII;)TION PLATE. 1.1011393 ... 114411 1 ) 0W: ... Two ran. fourttreib Won SI;IN OFFICE, Seven. o'clock. THE LONDON GAZETTE. (THIS EVENING.) ST. JAMES'S-PALACE, FEE. 22. The Queen was this day pleased to confer the honour of Knighthood upon John Kin gs ton James, Esq of No. 8, fiertford-street, Mayfair. DOWNING-STREET, APRIL 15. The Queen has been graciously pleased to give orders for the appointment of the Right Hon. Sir James Robert George Graham Bart., to be an Ordinary Member of the Civil Division of the First Class, or Knights Grand Cross, of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath. DOWNING -STREET, APRIL 15. The Queen has been pleased to appoint Robert Moles- Worth, Esq., to be a Member of the Legislative Council of the Colony of Victoria. NEUTRAL VESSELS. The Gazette of this evening contains an Order in Coun cil in which it is ordered, by and with the advice of her Privy Council that all vessels under a neutral or friendly flag, being noutral or friendly property, shall be permitted to import into any port or place in her Ma jtsty's dominions all goods awl merchandise Whatsoever, to Whomsoever the same may belong ; and to export from any port or place in her Majesty's dominions to any port not blockaded, any cargo or goods, not being contraband of war, or not requiring a special permission, to whomsoever the same may belong. WAR-OFFICE, APRIL 18. 32d Regiment of Foot -- Lieutenant,-General Sir Wil loughby Cotton, G.C.8., from the 98th Foot, to be Colonel, vice Lieutenant-General Sir Richard Armstrong, K.C.8., deceased, April 17. 68th Regiment of Foot—Major-Genenal Sir William Lewis Herries, C. 8., to be Colonel, vice Lieut.-General Douglas Mercer Henderson, C. 8., deceased, April 17. 9'Bth Regiment of Foot—Major-General William Lind say Darling to be Colonel, vice Lieut.-General Sir Wil lchnghby Cotton, G.C.8., removed to the 32d Foot, April 17. OFFICE OF ORDNANCE, APRIL 17. Royal Regiment of Artillery—Gentlemen Cadets to be Second Lieutenants. —Francis Walter de Winton, vice Booth, promoted ; Augustus Henry Carr Hamilton, vice Pongo, promoted ; Edmund Charles Cuthbert, vice Winn, promoted ; Ernest Augustus Montague Lloyd, vice Brack enbury, promoted ; Pilkington Jackson, vice Markham, promoted • Jervis Tucker, vice Porter, promoted ; Brymer Francis Schreiber, vice E. P. B. Turner, promoted ; Michael Tweedie, vice Cromartie, promoted ; Robert Loftus Tottenham, vice Joyce, promoted; Richard O'Hara, vice Gore, promoted ; Hugh Chetham Lyle, vice Teesdale, promoted ; Leonard Griffiths, vice Lyons, promoted ; Raymond Lluellyns vice Torriano, T. promoted Henry , John Poquett Ellis Hickes, vice J. B. Brown, pro moted, April 11. Corps of Royal Engineers.—Gentlemen Cadets to be Se cond Lieutenants with Temporary Rank.—Peter Henry Scratcldey, vice Cox promoted ; Gustav us Ni co ll s K e l sa ll , vice Savage, promoted, April 11. CM/MISSIONS SIGNED BY LORD LIEUTENANTS. County of Southampton —Sir Jervoise Clarke Jervoise, Bart., to be Deputy-Lieutetta.nt, April 12. Hampshire Yeomanry Cavalry—Thom a s George Baring, Esq., to be Captain, vice Lord Ashburton, resigned, April 12, County of Lancaster —Thomas Berry Horsfall, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant, April 13. 3d Regiment of the Duke of Lancaster's Own Militia— Alexander O'Farrell, Gent., to be Lieutenant, April 12. Kiw i 's Own Light Infantry Regiment of Tower Hamlets Militia—Ensign Coles Lewis Harris to be Lieutenant, vice Woodford, who retires; Thomas Rochfort Hunt, Gent., to he Ensign, vice Harris. Royal Cumberland Regiment of Militia—James Brooks bank, jun., Gent., to be Lieutenant, vice, Parke, resigned, April 5. Ist or Royal East Middlesex Regiinent of Militia— Robert Crowe, Cent., to be Ensign, April S. Ist or Weetern Norfolk Regiment of Militia—Captain Hambleten Francis Custance to be Major, vice Bulwer, who retires ; Samuel William Aldred, Gent., to be As sistant-Surgeon, vice Baker, deceased, April 10. 2nd or Eastern Norfolk Regiment of Militia—George Vomefield, Esq. (late Lieutenant-Colonel, unattached), to be Captain; James Haggard, Esq., to be Captain, April 11. Norfolk Militia Artillery —John Penrice Gent., to be First Lieutenant ; Ed ward Tredoroft, Gent.; i to be Second Lieutenant, April 10 ; Charles North, Gent., to be Second Lieutenant, April IL [This article is snbstituted for that which appeared in the Gazette of Friday last.] East York Regiment of Militia—Alwin Shutt Bell, Gent., to be Ensign, April 11. UP to the hour of going to press the portion of th e Gralette. containing the Bankrupte had not been received. MARKET INT ELLIGENCE. (Prom the London New Price Current of this day.) SUGAR.—The closing currency for low to fine brown was 313 to ns 6d, yellow 34s to 383 6d ; refining 313 to 363, and Demerara crystalised 33s to 39 3; fi ne, 40 s to 43 s per cwt. REFINED.—To-day the market for refined sugar pre sented a firm aspect, and there was a good home trade de mand. Prices for brown lumps range at 445, and low to fine grocery 44e 6tl to 48s per cwt. FOREIGN.—Today there was rather more business con• eluded in foreign sugar for shipping and home trade pur poses at full rates. lioes.esze.—The rates accepted were for low to fi ne West India 15s 6d to 17s 6d ; Porta Rico and Cuba, 16s 6d to lis 6(1. Coeenn.--The public sales of coffee declared are of little moment. There is less demand 'at the Continental mar kets, but lower rates are not 'taken. To-day Native Cey lon met with little attention, and rates are rather lower, ruling at 45s to 453 6(1 for good ordinary. Plantation is not cheaper. Cocoa.—A greater demand has been experienced. Bri- tish Plantation, and the currency is finer. • Sales of low to fine red Trinidad made 4 34s 6(1 to 39s 6d, grey 31s to 31s, and Grenada 30s to 348. Stock is 1,000 bags under this date la s t season. Foreign sell more freely; Bahia 2Gs to 275, Para 29s to 29s 6d, Guayaquil 34s to 355, fine Carac- Gas 908 per cwt. Stock is still deficient of last year. TEA.—For low to good common congou, less demand prevail s , y e t pr i ces remain at Hid to is per pound, but there is a fair supply. Other sorts have been in good re quest for actual consumption, and rates ran :•e firm, rather tblackisho to blackish leaf is 0. to is 4id, strong to pekoe a u i r la 5,1 to 2s 6d. In common green, purchases have b narnaterial, and previous rates are bar e ly supported, supply keeping plentiful. For better sorts a good de forlnand prev,ails, The n aro well maintained, especially Young Isyson. following is now tll:Ficciirrencfor green, hyson—ord, is 44 to is 7EI • mid,s,upheryfisneiss JdOlc! good, 2s to 28 31 II fine, 2s 4d to 23'61 • on 5 ; young hyson, canton, lid to is ' sd • 7d to 2s 2(1; fine, 2s 3(1 to 28 101. Tvranicay, 18 1 1 (r i O is 3d . gunpowder Canton, 11(1 to Is 5(1 ; hyson' kind, l t is to Ls 4(1. Flowery Pekoe aells more freely s7'l ever, has been established ; suPPly not rise, decr;enasoinp• how. gh a reduction has been accepted for East RlCL—Although India, still exporters and home dealers have rated with reluctance, and th ere h as been no speculation * . The currency is now for Bengal landed, good to bile white 14s to 14s 6d, low to mid 13s 6d to 13a 9d, broken 13s to 13s 3d. To-day purchases ware limited in rice. Pinkey Madras at 124 6d, and white Bengal at ,13s to 14s 3d, according to ' 'quality. - :CrNsa3dON.—The quantity t o be offered a t th e ensuine quarterly ' sales is expected to be 2,400 b a l es Ceylon. * ' INDIGO.—The quantity of East Indi a d ec l ared for :sue lion on the 9th of next month is 9,000 chests Spanish met with little notice, and prices are still on the decli ne ruling for Gan , tcm ala, Flores as 9d to 6 4 . Sobres 43 4d t o 5s Bd, Cortex 3s to 4s 4d, low and clean 2s 9(1 to 2a 10d per Pound. cocHTNEAL._lronduras, ord to fine silvers selling at 3 a 36d to 4s 2d, pasty and dead grain 3s to s bci , common to fine black 30 10d to 5s 4d, Mexican 3s 11d to 4s 3d, sil vers 3s 9(1 to 3a 10d, Teueriffe 3s 8d to 3s 11d, and black 3s 10d to 4e 3d p e r pound. 'Accounts are favonrab ie with respect to the crop. SAL TPETRE , .--To-day there was a larger demand for salt- Nitre and .700 tons Calcutta sold for arrival at 4.5 s lid to 46R per cwt, quality guaranteed. Tun reicr,rxe.Prices continue to decline for spirits, and opera Mons are on a limited scale, British at 4Gs bd, and American Vs (3d. Rough is lower lls 9 , 1 to 12s hay- , ang bev.4 accepted for limited parcels. [siDvErriesemezer.]—Holloway's Pills for Invigoratisig• i Otr .s.—The raf ew f li ve Gallipoli at 61/- the Weak, and Strengthening the Debilitated.--Thes 1,0 (4,t a , 1 ar e . buyers o e . , is o , 1( other sorts 58/. to 601. 103 - per ton. Rape at . Palm 44s to 48s. vt,onderfal invigorate and weakened constitutions, persons of nseed.,9s 6d to 40 a 141 6d f • f two delivery. 1 low and nervous habits, or those who are suffering from Cod much in d emand at 3 3 9/ " p i er L . (11n heal ther_ l a tA rt, , ' bad digestive organs, or those whose health has become greater purchases. Pale 41./, 40/. Th e supp l y or sper . to 421, and other sorts oa ) I deranged by bilious affections, disordered stoma, or prices rule at 110.1, to 112ar 11 n 44 su ffi cient for the demand ; ' liver complaints. Those a ff ected with coughs, colds, TALLOW. __The de man u f h e a r s mi tae dd n liti bli g B t i c c , fine quality. _ I asthma, or shortness of breath, should have recourse to brisker tor ' , imian fur spetulators and consumers during th. efficacious for all these corn -1 these invaluable pills, as their mighty powers will be Vexes steady. First sort P.Y.C.-o remedy strength, new life, vkl to 66s 9d, for delivery the s p u r few da y s, and ' found a certain an d hp June Oceo r G : B 3 s ali TL l er g G 3 ~. plaints, imparting, at they same time, a good. demand for Home elted ; hut supply increasine—, there were sellers at 62s Gd to 63s , cash- In other sorts * f ' 0 i perfect safoty at any period of life.—Sold vigour, and buoyancy of epirits to theafflicted . ,_and _may . be taken with tallow larger purchases have been made; the currency is !by all ' , London. Dow for rttistralian mid to fine mutton, 6ls t o 67s ; meat, 2 44, Straw, druggists • and at Professor Holloway's establiah- HORSES STRUCK OUT. NEWMARKET HANDlOAP.—Caracara, Caliph, Pauline, Prime Minister, Nabob, King of Trumps, Ethelbert, Indian Warrior, Dove, Mr. Sykes, Khadidjah, Tonic, Ticton, Stamford, Bracken, Toggery, Swiftsure, Selina, Brigadier, Lincoln's-inn, Trifle. CRAVEN HANDICAP.—Prime Minister and Eva. TWENTY-FIRST RIDDLESWORTEL—CardinaI, Lapitha3, Caliban, and Little Pet. .NEWM.A.RIKET RACES—THIS DAT. ENTRIES for the PLATE of 501., for two-yr-olds. First ofAb.M. c. by Beverlac, out of Mar- I Brother to Sh un ti ng . garet. I Sister to Singapore. Duke of Hamilton. Bessie. Eironeia. ENTRIES for the SUBSCRIPTION PLATE of 50/., for three yr-olds and upwards. T.Y.C. Rackapelt, 4 yrs I Sine qua Non, 3 yrs Oxus, 3 yrs Lioness, 3 yrs ENTRIES for the SWEEPSTAKES of 10 sovs each, for three. yr-oids and upwards. The winner to be sold for 80 Tie : l ady : Bl , o4v i f l ere: demanded, nß4u y3c kre,r 38y r &c. First j es h alf i n o e f , 3 A y b r . M. Prevarication', 3 Y yrs I Carlotta Grisi, 3 yis the iHaranecaaap at 3.15 I Switch, 3 yrs Defiance arriv ed 1 Marie filly, 3 yrs The Reiver hasve arrived. fia d ed on f . or su th n i d s a d y ay ni , gh th t e first race at 1.30, MANCFIESTER AUTUMN MEETING. SALFORD BOROUGII CU P..Candlewick and St. Clair are struck out for this event.. RACING FIXTURES FOR 3454. A . Newmark e t C raven ...... 17R York Spring 25 Catterick B r id ge ......... 19 Mahon ...... Abergavenny ti...... 20 23 Newmarket F S ...... Lothians MAY 1 Lothians anti EdinburghlB Chester Spring....g Bath ........ 9 Lewes ....... ............. 19 & Edinbur h 11 ............ 23 Newmarket S S l6 Liverpool Hunt Spring ..24 Shrewsbury lB Epsom ......................00 . - . b•et, €2lto Cis ; South American e3s to ere., and Trench melted 68s 6d to 663. These rates are 203 aboTe last year. Deliveries show a decrease of 8,000 casks, and stock is 5,000 greater. To-day there was a reluctance to operate in Tallow for all purposes, prices for first sort P.Y. Candles rules at 65s 9d to 66s on the spot, and 683 to t 6d for delivery in August. COURSE OF EXCI3 Amsterdam.... •.... • . 11 13 Ditto, three months -. 11 15% Rotterdam •• • - -• • -• • • 11 15 Antwerp •••••••• • • • • 2 5 1 5 Brussels .• ••• • • 25 15 Hamburgh •••• •• • • • 13 4% Paris • • 24 97% Ditto, three months 25 30 M ar seilles.. • • ..... • .... 25 32 1 ,4 Bourdeaux •• • • • • • • ___ Frankfort-on-Maine .... 118% Vienna • • • • 13 38 Trieste ............ •• .. 13 40 Petersburgh........ •• •• Madrid Cadiz • • •• •• .. .. ' Barcelona • • .... • 'GE—Tail DAY. Gibraltar Leghorn •• •••••• • • • • • • 30 60 Gann • • • • e• •• • • • • • • • • 25 55 Milan ••• • • ....... IVenice ...... 'Palermo Messina 125 y, ILiabon 53 'Oporto ............ • ;Rio Janeiro .... _ Illuenos Ay res ....... .......... dew York, 60 days' sight Philadelphia .......... OP BULLION, PER OZ. Foreign Gold in Bars .C 3 17 9 Portugal Gold Coin 00 0 Mexican Dollars .... 0 0 0 New Dollars 0 0 0 Silver in bars ...... u 5 lAi SPOR2'ING INTELLIGENCE. IiEWMARKET CRAVEN MEETING. -,IONDAT. The CRAV2X STAEES of 10 sous each, with E 0 added, for thrce-yr-olds, Est Glb ; four, Sat 415 ;, five, Bst 131 b ; six an d age d , 9st 51b. The winner to be sold for 6001. if demanded, &c. A.F. 5 subs. Mr. J. Adkins's Calamus, 3 yrs, Gst ...(Corderey) 1 Captain D. Lace's Alas, 3 yrs, Est bib ...... ..(Wells) 2 Mr. Wigram's Legatee, 3 yrs, 6st 61h ...(S. Steggles) 3 Duke of Bedford's Diomedia, 4 yrs, Bst 415 ...(Pettit) 4 Lord W. Powlett's Sharavogue, 5 yrs, Bst 131b(Rogers) 5 Betting -2 to 1 agst Alas, sto 2 agst Sharavogue, and 3to 1 agst Calamus. Won very cleverly by a length and a h a lf. T wo l eng ths between the second and third. The winner Was claimed. for Mr. J. M. Stanley. HANDICAP SIVIMPSTAICES of 25 save each, 10 ft, fur fout•,yr-olds, and upwards. T.V .C. 3 subs. The follovring were handicapped at 6st 121 b each, but as Mr. Mare's Ariosto, 6-yrs, Bst 121 b, was struck out before ten o'clock, their weights were raised to Bst 71b : Mr. Armstrong's Sabra, 5 yrs Bst 71b (Sly) 1 Lord Glasgow's Coalition, 4 yrs, Bst 71b ...(Flatman) 2 Betting-2 to lon Coalition. Sabra made the run ning ; a good race up the cords ended in her favour by half a length. SWEWPSTAXES of 50 sovs each, h ft, for three-yr-olds ; fillies, Bst 71b ; those by stallions or out of mares that never bred a winner allowed 41b ; only one allowance. - D.M. 8 subs. Mr. Lister's Lady Elegant, (41b), Bst 31b ...(Kendall) 1 Mr. Combe's Apropos, sister to Alamode, (41b), Bst 31b (Crouch) 2 Lord Exeter's Margaretta (41b), Bat 31b.. (Forman) 3 Lord Glasgow's f by Melbourne, out of his Acton mare (41b), Bst 31b (Flatman) 4 Betting -2 to 1 agst Margaretta, sto 2 agst Lady Elegant, 3 to 1 agst Apropos. Won cleverly by a length. Bad third. The other beaten off. SWEEPSTAKES of 100 soya, each, h ft, for three-yr-olds ; colts, Bst 71b ; those by stallions or out of mares that never bred a winner, allowed 41b ; only one allow- ance. D.M. 6 subs. Duke of Bedford's Student, Bst 71b (Rogers) 1 Lord Exeter's Calibau (41b), Bst 31b (Norman) 2 Mr. G. Mather's c by Van Tromp, out cf Reel (41b), Bst 31b (W. Sharpe) 3 Betting-2 to lon Student. Caliban and Reel colt ran side by side to the cords, where the latter d r opp e d of; Student then joined Caliban, and, after a smart rice in, won cleverly by three-quarters of a length. Very bad third. Renewal of the SWHEVSTA.KES of 50 80V3. each, for three yr-old ; colts, Bst 71b ; and fillies, 84 41b, not engaged in the Riddlesworth, 2,000 gs, or the 1,000 gs Stakes. D.M. 4 subs. Duke of Bedford's Weathercock, Set 71b (Rogers) 1 Mr. Turner's Census, fist 71b (E. Sharp) 2 Sir R. Pigot's Folly-o' -the-Day, Bst 41b (Flatman) 3 Betting-7 to 2on Weathercock. Won by a length. About the same distance between the second and third. MATCH-Bst 71b each. T.M.M. 500, h ft. Duke of Bedford's Sittingbourne (Rogers) 1 Lord Clifden's Pelion (Flatman) 2 Betting-9 to 4on Sittingbourne. Sittingbourns made all the running, and won by 20 lengths ; Pelion pulled up lame. %Tar-Bst 31b each. A.F. CM, h ft. Mr. Greville's Invasion (Flatman) 1 Lord Glasgow's Caracara (Aldcroft) 2 Betting -3 to lon Invasion. Caracara made the running to within a short distance of the bushes, where Invasion took it up, and, carrying it on, won easily by a► length. - MATCH. A.F. 200, h ft. Lord Glasgow's Doublethong, 4 yrs, Bst 41b (Flatman) 1 Lord Clifden's Poodle, 5 yrs, Bst 91b (A. Day) 2 Betting-2 to 1 on Poodle. Poodle made the run ning to the cord; where Doublethong went up and ob tained the lead, which he maintained to the end, winning easily by three lengths. HANDICAP PLATE of 50., for three-yr-olds and upwards. Clermont Course. The highest weight left in at ten o'clock the evening before running being 7st 71b, it waa raised to Bst 71b, and the others not drawn in proportion. Mr. Tomlinson's f by Sesostris, out of Anvil's dam, 3 63t 10Ib (Palmer) 1 Mr. Anderson's f by John o'Gaunt, out of Blanchie, 3 yrs, 6st lib (Wells) 2 Mr. A. J. Le Cras's Apostate, 5 yrs, Bst 31b (Flatman) 3 Mr. Rogers's Pancake, 5 yrs, Bst 71b Mr. Richard Cooper's Gruel, 3 yrs, 7st 71b (flughes) 5 Betting-6 to 4 agst Blanchie filly; 4to 1 each agst Pancake, SesoAris filly, and Apostate. Blanchie filly made the running to the turn of the lands, where it was taken up by Sesostris filly, who carried it on to the end, and won very easily by a length. Half a length between the second and third. Gruel was nearly a quarter of , a mile behind. MAreEr. A.F. 300, h ft. Mr J. M. Stanley's Orinoco, Sat 71b, received forfei from Lord Glasgow's Barbatus, Bst 41b. MORNING BETTING. CHESTER CUP. 14 to 1 agat Newminster (taken to 5011. THE DERBY. to 2 agst Dervish (to 1001). AFTERNOON BETTING. NEWMARKET HANDICAP. .5 to 2 agst Defiance (taken). t to 1 bar one (offered). Virago was scratched at 4h. 2 min. p.m. GREAT NORTHERN HANDICAP. 100 to 6 agst Aquila (taken). CHESTER CUP. - 12 to 1 agst Baalbec. 15 to 1 agst Newminstir (taken). THE DERBT. 9to 2 agst Autocrat. 6to 1 agst Dervish. 1,000 to 15 agst The Trapper (2,000 to 20 also laid). 1,000 to 10 agst Dessus (offered). Thanks to the introduction of some new features of attraction this meeting opened well, and is likely to ex cel the best of its Craven predecessors of late years. The attendance of company was fully of an average strength, and some of the contests, though prospectively unim portant, created a lively interest. The sun shone forth with great power, but had little attempering effect on a keen and searching " nor' easter." - - THE PRESTON STRIKE. (From the Preston Chronicle.) Whenever Mr. Mackay issues another edition of his "History of Popular Delusions," we cannot doubt but h twill give a chapter on Strikes. The Preston strike, turn-out, lock-out, or whatever name its advocates and authors choose to call it, it is one of the grandest mix tares of fraud and folly which the present generation has witnessed. The bubbles of the Mississippi scheme, the belief in witchcraft and ghosts, the performances of spirit rapping, are scarcely stronger instances of igno rant credulity than we have seen in this town for the last few months, in young men and women spending their time in idleness, eating the ill-spared and extorted fruits of other people's industry, and swallowing every idle tale and barefaced falsehood which a lot of men, fattening on the spoils of this charlatanry, weekly retail to them. Here we have bad nearly twenty thousand people, not merely passing their time in idleness, but risking their own future com fort and happiness, and the very means of their exist ence, and for what ? Having secured a large increase in their earnings, a few of them raised a squabble about something less than three farthings a head weekly in an extensive mill, and to fight for this shadow they under took a contest in which_ they were all but certain to miss not only what they -were aiming at, but to lose what they had so recently acquired, and, in addition, they have now lost at least 300,000/. As to the merits of this ♦ery dispute, there is scarcely a delegate who has not privately admitted that the step taken was absolute folly ; and that the demand preferred was, under all the circumstances, unfair, unreasonable, and unjustifi able. Yet those who caused the dispute have been the weekly recipients of a share of, the sums raised for the support of injured operatives. The leaders of the - strike know that the game is up ; they know that the agitation is nearly at an end, that the time of their profiting by the unholy warfare in which they are engaged is limited. In private they ad mit that their cause is hopeless, but to their listening dupes on Ribbleton Moor, or in the Cock-pit, it serves their purpose to proclaim it on the eve pf victory ;—they may tell them that "short time" at Stockport is merely a false alarm of the Chronicle, and reduced wages at Blackburn another ruse of the manufacturers, but such attempts to explain away disagreeablefacts can only con vict them of further tampering with the truth. They know that in several mills at Stockport the notice to reduce wages has expired, and that any further work will be at the reduced rates. According to the admission of these men themselves, what sort of trustees have they been of the large sums of money with which they have been entrusted ? Let the poor girls of Blackburn and Darwen—the mothers of Stockport and Ashton, from whom weekly pence have been wrung in aid of this movement, know that this very week the public have been told by two of the leaders of the movement, that upwaids,of a thousand persons have all along been receiving money weekly from the weavers' committee, who had no right or claim to it whatever. It had long been known that a large number of favourites were in receipt of pensions from the delegates, out of the operatives' fund—women who never were within the walls of a factory in their lives, and who never intend to enter one for the purpose of working there ; but it was never suspected that the malappropriation of funds had been of so gross a character, or to so large an extent, as s now admitted by the misappropriators themselves. One-eighth of the persons relieved by the weavers' com mittee are admitted to have received it wrongfully— half-a-crown out of every pound contributed to the Pres ton weavers' committee, by the factory hands of Lanca shire, has been paid to persons who had no right to it ! We are well aware that any remarks of ours, or in deed of any persons questionipg the wisdom of the course pursued by the leaders of the strike, are at once set down as penned in the interest of the millowners. This is one of the falsehoods which these men knowingly utter to those who are so simple an to submit to their guidance. The question at issue is not merely between the millowners and the operatives ; it is rather be tween the operatives and the delegates, who, like the Old Man of the Sea upon Sinbad, have fixed themselves so firmly as to be an incubus upon their every movement. Could the working classes see their interests in their true light, all their efforts would be unceasingly directed to remove this incubus ; until this be done, farewell to the independence of working men, farewell to the pros perity of the working classes. As respects any identity, either of feeling or interest, between ourselves and the Preston millowners upon this question, the dele gates know that their insinuations and assertions have been alike utterly groundless. We have ques tioned the wisdom of much that the masters have done ; we have censured steps they have taken ; we have never sought for or desired their confidence ; our efforts have been directed to the furtherance of the real interests of the working classes, which can only be advanced by their emancipation from the thraldom under which they now labour. It is the independent position we have taken, and the unfettered expression of our opinion that has rendered our advice so unpalatable, and this journal so obnoxious to these men—which has caused these bellowers for freedom and liberty to consider, as an essential portion of their mission, the prevention, by all the means in their power, and no matter at what cost or sacrifice, of working men reading the Chronicle. Such efforts, whatever else may be their effect, shall, we promise them, fail entirely in inducing us to express opinions we do not entertain, or to withhold censures we consider called for, We should ill discharge the duties of a journalist were we to pander to a junta, powerful as at present it unfortunately may be, that has been so long cursing this town with its obnoxious presence. While noticing the strike and its incidents we would not overook the offer of a compromise made by one section of the turn-outs. 'Whatever may be the merits of the proposal made in the circular issued on behalf of the operative spinners, which appears in another column, we cannot but commend the spirit in which it is made. Although in many respects the various com mittees of operatives have been identified, yet the spin ners were unconnected with the unreasonable demands which caused the lock-out, and they have shown great wisdom and judgment in now abandoning an undiscri minating and arbitrary rate of advance. It is to be regretted that men who now see the futility of the de mand which they have so long upheld, will not avail themselves of the present adverse state of affairs to close the struggle they are engaged in, for they must know that against the powerful combination which they are fighting they are powerless, the more particularly in the present state of trade. If work were resumed, and masters and men again free agents, wages must as cer tainly rise with the brightening prospects of trade as light follows darkness, or spring succeeds to winter. ROYAL NAVAL BENEVOLENT SOCIETY.—The quarterly meeting of this institution was held yesterday at the Thatched House Tavern ; Admiral Lord Radstock in the chair. Mr. Skead, the secretary, read the report. The receipts of the institution from the beginning of the pre sent year had amounted to 1,231/. 10s. 10d., including a balance at the commencement of the quarter of 155/. 18s. 10d. Of this sum 5481. 18s. Bd. was derived from interest on stock, and 4901. 16s. 6d. from annual sub scription. The expenditure had fallen considerably short of this sum, leaving a balance of 5631. 3s. 7d. ; 4401. had been distributed in grants, and 1271. ls. 6d. invested in the Three-and-a-Quarter per Cents. The total amount of stock now belonging to the institution was 36,3341. 9s. 9d. This statement of accounts having been agreed to, Captain Marshall wished to know why the stock was continually augmented, while no proportionate in crease was made in the grants ? The chairman said that by their rules they were bound to invest all legacies and life subscriptions. If the life subscriptions were distributed, what had the society to fall back upon Captain Marshall said that under the present system the association offered as great advantages to those who had only joined it a short time as to those who had sub ecribed 40 or 45 years. That was a matter which ouglit be inquired into. The subject then dropped, it being understood that a motion should be founded upon it on a future occasion, and the court adjourned. NEW ACT TO COMPEL THE ATTENDANCE OF WITNESSES. —On Saturday a bill in the Commons was printed, by which it is propOsed to compel the attendance of wit nesses residing out of the jurisdiction of the superior of a ha c t o at urt p orers judge courts, if they a re w i th i n the Unite d . Ki ng d om. It is alleged nt inconvenience is necessary. arises. Nothing A is special said order in the act about the col:upon:lmi= or upstate to be gin to the partite, TEE 11714' LONDON, TTIESDA.Y EVENING, APRIL Je. 18ad, ~. V ! 0. to AMERICA. LIVEP?O3L, MESDAY, 1 30 A.m.--By the steamer Africa we have advices from New York to the sth inst. She has brought $200,000 in specie. On the 9th of April she passed the ship Florida, steer ing westward, in lat. 52, long. 41. On the 16th spoke the brig George Marsden, 56 days from Malta, short of provisions, and supplied them same day passed the brig Ocean and ship General Washington, steering westward, in long. 11 28 ; and at 5 25 p.m. passed the steamer Arabia, from Liverpool for Boston. The steamer Baltic arrived at New York on the 4th. The steamer City of Glasgow had not arrived at Philadelphia. Sh© was•in her 36th day out from Liverpool. In the House of Representatives at R - ashington Mr. Campbell, of Ohio, introduced a resolution requesting the President to open negotiations with England, with the view of ascertaining upon what terms the latter Government would consent to the annexation of Canada to the United States The resolution was rejected by a majority of 119 to 28. From Havannah, we have advices to the 29th ult. duel' inconvenience was felt in many parts of the slaw.' from drought. Upwards of 20 sugar plantaT ons, including some of the largest in the island, lad been destroyed by fire, the dry cane having ignited from sparks issuing from a railway locomo tive. The Spanish war steamer Pizarro had been lost on a reef of rocks off the east end of Cuba. The tendency of the New York stock-market was still downward. The money-market was active at 7 per cent. for call loans, and 9 to 10 per cent. for first-class paper. Exchange on London, 108 to 1081 ; Paris, sf. 161 to sf. 13c. Cotton in limited demand, without change in prices. Wheat and flour in good. demand, at slightly improved prices. Pork dull, and. lower. Beef in good demand, at advancing prices. Scotch pig iron in good demand, at $4l to $42 50c., six months. Freights to London without change. - POLICE INTELLIGENCE. GUILDHALL.—ChaTIea Miller was charged with burgiariously entering the premises of Messrs. Emery, the drapers, at the corner of Holborn-hill and Farring don-street, and stealing therefrom a piece of Cobourg cloth of the wholesale value of 28s. Police-constable 292 said, that about two o'clock yesterday morning, as he was goi ng u p Farringdon street, he saw the prisoner come out of No. 44, and pull the door to after him. Witness followed him, and he then ran up Skinner-street, where he was stopped by policeman 247. The house No. 44 was an empty house, and the prisoner, when he came out of it, bad neither boots nor shoes on his feet. Witness took him to the police-station, and returned to watch the premises. Inspector Teague said, when the prisoner was brought to the station he noticed his hands were black, as if he had been clambering over the roof of some house or other building ; and on receiving the charge he went with Sergeant Oram and the two officers, 292 and 247, to inspect the premises in Farringdon-street, when three large bags (evidently intended to carry the property away in) were found near the window on the first floor, leading to the leads over Messrs. Emery's shop adjoin ing. Witness went on the le a d s , an d f oun d th e padlock that secured the skylight had been forced from its posi tion, the staple and screw having been drawn by means of a spike gimlet. He also found some congreves, some of which were partially consumed, strewn about the floor, and a knotted rope suspended, from the skylight in the shop to answer the purpose of a ladder. A pair of boots was also found on the premises, which witness gave the prisoner, telling him he had brought him his boots, upon which the prisoner put them on his Let without making any remark. Sergeant Oram said on receiving informat;on of the prisoner's apprehension on a charge of burvhry, he wen to the back of the empty house facing Plumtree court, and after climbing over the walls he got on the leads of the adjoining premises, belonging to Messrs. Emery. The window of the back room on the first floor was open, and in the room he found a spike gim let, which had been used in forcing the padlock, a jemmy, a dark lantern, a pair of boots, and a piece of Cobourg cloth. He also found a knotted rope sus pended in the shop from the skylight, by which access had been gained to that part of the premises, and a ladder was placed .hear, the skylight to afford egress. A snopman to MesSrS. emery identified the Cobourg cloth as his employers' property, and stated that the premises were elosed on Saturday night at half-past 9 or 10 o'clock. Several of the young men, as well as Mr. Emery, slept on the premises. The Cobourg cloth produced was left on th e c o unt er i n th e s h o p onSatur day night. The prisoner was remanded. LAMBETH.—Mrs: Catherine Saville, a respectably dressed, middle aged female, was charged with de stroying George Edward Saville, her infant son, by drowning. Ellen Doyle, a servant to the prisoner and her husband, said, on Saturday morning last a little before 9 o'clock, I saw my mistress (the prisoner) carry the baby up stairs in her shawl, and soon after she came down stairs and went out. Immediately after I thought I heard the baby cry, and went up stairs, but on try ing my mistress's bed-room, I found it was locked and the key gone. I ran down stairs again, and found a key which opened the bed-room, On unlocking the door and going into the room, I saw the poor child lying on the floor with its face in a basin of dirty water. I screamed out as loud as I could, and some persons came to my assistance, but the baby was quite dead. Eliza Pursell, residing at No. 7, Leonard's-square, Finsbury, deposed that on Saturday morning she was at the house of Mr. Saville, and on hearing the last witness scream, she ran up stairs, and found the child, who had been just removed from the position in which it had been found, with its head in a basin of cold water, quite dead. Sergeant John Holdeway, 4 P, said that from infor mation he received he went to the house of Mr. Saville on Saturday forenoon, and took the prisoner into cus tody. He told her that he took her for killing her child, and she made no reply, nor did she betray the slightest regret or emotion when he told her so. Mr. Clifford, the relieving officer of Camberwell parish, informed the magistrate that from inquiries he had made on the subject, it appeared that the prisoner, after taking the child up stairs, and no doubt placing it in the position in which it was found, set out from her home, and proceeded to the place of business of her husband near Finsbury-square, and on seeing him at once stated to him the particulars of what she had done. The husband hoped, though his wife had for some days exhibited symptoms of aberration of mind, that she was not guilty of the act, but at once hurried home, when he unfortunately found t hat her story was true. Mr. Elliott said that lie should have to remand the prisoner. After giving the usual caution, the magistrate asked the prisoner if she wished to say anything in reply to the charge against her ? The prisonei., with a smile on her coin tenance, re plied—l wish to speak nothing but the truth. I knew that the child had been very much neglected, and I thought it bad better die and go to Heaven at once. I was very comfortable, and had everything I wanted. She was then removed from the bar, and the magic. trate gave directions that she should be at once taken to Ilotsemonger-lane gaol, to prevent the excitement that it was thought would have been occasioned by her being placed with the other prisoners in the cells of the court, and Serjeant Holdeway was desired to mention the nature of the charge against the prisoner and her un fortunate malady to the prison authorities, so that she might he carefully looked after and have the attandance of Mr. Harris, the medical gentleman in charge of the prisouers there. THAMES.—knit ilf`Caray, an elderly Irishwoman, of No. 5, Glasshouse.yard, Rosemary-lane, was charged with stealing 3/. 13s. 6d., a hat, handkerchief, and other property, from the person of Lewis Morris, joiner, of 72, Great College-street, Camden-town. The prosecutor, whose manner created great merri ment in a crowded court, said he was passing over Tower-hill late on 'Saturday night, when he fell down and took a nap on the stones. (Laughter.) Mr. Yardley—lt was very cold, was it not ? Witness—Well, I did not feel it so, because I had something warm within me. (Laughter.) Well, sir, I had a bit of a dream, and while I was dreaming I thought that some one was pulling at the guard chain of my watob. I woke up in a fright, and lo and behold there were two women had hold of me, and stripping me. My hat and handkerchief was gone, my coat was half off, all the money I had, 3/. 13s. 6d. was taken out of my waistcoat pocket, and my watch guard was cut. Mr. Yardley—You did not lose your watch, I hope, Mr. Morris ? Witness—No, sir ; but. there were no thanks to the ladies. My waistcoat was rent to pieces, and my fob was cut. I grasped and held them both, and sung out, " Murder !—police !" as loud as I could ; and when a police constable came up, I said, " Take these women in charge for robbing me." Ile said, •' No, I will uot." I said, " You shall, for they have robbed me.", " Will you swear it ? " says he, " To be sure I will," said I ; " is not my waistcoat rent open ?" but he would not take them in charge.—l told him I should turn them over to another officer, and he took one woman and let the other go. It was the most complicated affair I ever knew. Mr. Yardley—So it appears ; did you find your money ? Witness—No. I want to know what became of my hat, sir ? 1;i r. Yardley—That is a question I can't answer. Most likely the person who took the money took your hat. You lost 1/. 13s. 6d. Witness (staring)-11. 13s. 6d. I Why it was 3/. 13s. dd. They did not leave me enough for a pot of beer. (Loud laughter.) Mr. Yardley—Only lt. 134. 6d, is entered on the police-sheet. . Witness—lt is a mistake in the entry. At the sta. tion•house I saw strange things, and the inspector made use of very obscene language, quite derogatory to human nature. Mr. Yardley 7 -Well, what did he say ? Witness—He said, "So help me God, you know a great deal too much, old fellow." Mr. Yardley— I very much doubt the correctness of the inspector's observation, but do not see any obscenity in it. Now go on. Witness—There ends my catechism. (More laughter.) Police constable Bailey, No. 107 H, said that he heard the prosecutor calling out " Police," and on going up to the spot he found hun without his hat struggling with the prisoner, whom ho charged with robbery. There was no other woman near him. Morris can you stand there and tell such A . lie ? I had hold of both. Bailey —I only ,aw one. Mr. Yardley —And you only found ls. Cd, upon the prisoner. Discharge her. DISERINCHISING SOME HUNDREDS OF VOTERS.----On Saturday the " five bills" of the Attorney-General to disfranchise certain voters in Canterbury, Cambridge, R ingstort.upon-Hull, Mahlon, and Barnstaple were printed. The names of the voters set forth in the bills, and it is declared that they were proved to have been guilty of bribery before the late commissions. There ford it i s declared that they shall " for ever be disabled to vote in any election of any member or members" for the particular boroughs named by the bill. THE GREEK INSURRECTION.—It is currently reported in respectable circles in Manchester that the Greek mer cantile houses there, and in London and Liverpool, have subsc r ib e d largely to • promote the insurrection in Tur key. The Manchester band alone is said to have reached 10,0001. OFFER OF A POLISH LEGION TO THE BRITISH Go- VERNMENT.—A. proposal has been made on the part of the Poles to form a Polish Legion, which being supplied with munitions of war shall fight side by side with the English and French troops against the common enemy. An address to that effect was sent to the Right Hon. the Earl of Aberdeen, First Lord of the Treasury, for his approval; the following is the noble earl's reply "Downing-street, April 13. " Sir,—l am desired by my Lord Aberdeen to acknow ledge th e rece i pt of the letter you addressed to him on the 3rd inst., in which, adverting to the declaration of war by England an d France against Russia, you express a hope, ou behalf of yourself and your countrymen residing at Portsmouth, that her Majesty's Government will allow I you to form a Polish Legion, which being supplied with munitions o f war shall fight side by side with the English and French troops against the common enemy; and I am to acquaint you that your letter has been referred for the consideration of the Secretary of State for War and the Colonies.----I have the honour to be, sir, your übe iient servant, • CIaLNTON G. DAWILINki. " Major StaWiar■ki, 43, Grigg-street, *outlaw, Forteriaoutla." w y , SYBO-EGYPTIAN SOCIETY, The last ordinary meeting of the Syro-Egyptian So ciety was held on Tuesday evening, the 11th inst., at their rooms, Mortimer-street, Cavendish-square ; Mr. Thomas Wright, F.S.A., in the chair. After the reading and authentication of the minutes of the preceding meeting, the Rev. Dr. Hewlett and Mr. Keen were declared elected members of the society. The following communications were made to the meet ing- 1. The exhibition of a coin, with some very small yet beautifully executed objects in terracotta, from the city of Tadmor, in the neighbourhood of the city of Palmyra. These were almost square in form, having upon each two recumbent figures, and were evidently the production of a considerably advanced state of art, on account of their smallness, as well as of the beauty of execution of the figures upon them. A magnified drawing of these was exhibited, which showed that in their general character they were Pahnyrene. The figures represented were those of a male and female gracefully reclining upon a Roman couch, their head-dress, however, not being Roman, but partaking rather of an Oriental style. 2. A paper was read, "On the Intellectual Character and Habits of the Arabians, as, for the most part, dis played in the' Mtikare4t of Al Hariri, of Basra," by Dr. W. Camps, treasurer of the society. Dr. Camps, com menced his paper by stating that, on the occasion of the establishment of the Chronological Institute of London, lie read the first of a series of papers on the Chronology of Medical Literature, from the earliest periods of the history of medicine, and, in consequence of historical and literary researches for that purpose, he was led to observe, in some degree, to what extent the literature as well as the science and art of medicine were indebted to the Arabian school—an obligation not unfrequently ad mitted and acknowledged in classical medical literature of more modern times. At about this time, too, by a most fortunate accidental - coincidence, there fell int I his hands Mr. (now, he believed, Professor) Preston's trans lation from the original Arabic, with annotations, of the Maledendt of Al Hariri, of Basra, and he was thus in duced to look the more closely into this work, in order to glean what informetion it might afford as to the in tellectual habits and tastes of this people at a given period in their history ; and in this he had by no means been disappointed, for it contains a great deal of ethnological information, as bearing upon the moral, uncial, and intellectual faculties and habits of one of the most ancient and, in many respects, a very remarkable race of the human family. Consider ' ing this people as one variety of a more comprehensive ethnological class or group commonly designated by the term Caucasian,' they at once present themselves to our notice attended by much that is highly interesting in connection with the early history of mankind. Cognate with the Hebrews, by descent from the Jewish Patriarch Abraham, and so from his son Ishmael, the child of an Egyptian woman servant, they are not even on that account, devoid of interest as to their origin and early history. In act opinion of many—in which the author of the present paper concurs—the writer of one of the oldest poetical works extant was rather Arabian than Jewish--a volume whi c h, regarded merely as a literary composition, presents us with, most unquestionably, one of the very finest and most beautiful specimens of con templativp poetry that the world has ever seen, or pro bably ever will— namely, that ancient work known to us by the familiar term, the " Book of Job." Amongst the different people composing the Syro-Arabian race, few, if any, are better known to us than the Jews and their congeners, the Arabians ; and tenaciously as the former (the Jews) have preserved unto this day their national characteristics, the latter (the Arabians) have not less markedly and tenaciously preserved their nationatepeculiarities. Physically, they are des cribed by writers and travellers amongst them to be to day what they,are said ever to have been ; arid whether observed in their own proper - country, Arabia, and in adjacent geographical 'kilts, or in Africa, this people are the faithful representatives of the Semitic races. The Arabians, properly so called, and modifications always excepted, are, with but few exceptions, rather thin than robust ; the superior class amongst them, as the sheikhs and their families, have a most marked resemblance of figure, the skin indeed varying in colour ; the face is usually long and thin, the forehead rising in beautiful but not large expansion towards the summit of the head ; the nose is for the most part regular and aquiline in shape, the mouth and chin striking and expressive, thus imparting a roundish rather than an angular appearance to the face; the eyes are, commonly dark, almost black and sparkling, and deeply seated under the eye-brows. Their limbs are supple, and not very muscular, and rather small than otherwise, whilst the hands frequently, even of the males, have a delicacy of size and form which is almost feminine. In their social relations, too, they have preserved the same manners and customs, towards each other, and towards strangers, as they are said to, have exercised in the remotest period of their history. About 600 years after the birth of Jesus Christ, a new re ligion, followed subsequently_by a new era in literatureand the arts, had its origin in Arabia. The inhabrante of this country under their leader, both a prephet and a warrior, Mehemet, and his immediate successors, issued forth, sword in hand, from the deserts of Arabia, and rapidly subjugated to the Koran, by their sword, several great and powerful provinces in Asia and in Africa, as well as a great part,, if not the whole, of one European province, that of Spain. The study of their venerated book, the Koran,.consisting for - the most part of the wild raphsodies of Mahbritet and the profession of arms, were the only pursuits then in repute, or even tolerated amongst his earliest followers. Under the first succes sors of Mehemet, that noble and stupendous monument of ancient literature, the library collected at Alexandria, in Egypt, the most magnificent assemblage of books that the civilised world could at that time boast of, was con sumed by conflagration to ashes. In this devastation, according to some authoriti e s, f our , accor di ng to others eleven, h undred ' thousand volumes were destroyed, six hundred volumes only, as it is said, being rescued from the flaming havoc. When, however, the religious fana ticism of the followers of Maho rne t had somewhat abated, after they had become enriched by commerce, and their military ardour was satiated with conquest, their ignorant ferocity gradually subsided, and subsequently literature and the arts were cultivated amongst them, and with great industry. The medical profession in particular was rewarded and encouraged with rank and liberal endow ments, in many instances superior to every other nation where the healing art had hitherto been exercised ; and they, i.e., the Mahometans, early endowed several me dical schools in Persia, in Africa, and in Spain. It be came a custom with the Mahometans, wherever they built a temple for religious worship, to append to it a school, and an hospital for the cure and relief of the sick. Historians assert that one of the Caliphs,, in the year 820, sent to the Greek Emperor at Constantinople, to request copies of his best books, which he ordered to be translated into Arabic by some of the Jews or Greek Christians. The works of Galen had been first trans lated into the Syriac language, but the translation is said to have been very wretchedly executed, and adul terated, so to speak, with the vain fables and astrologi cal potions of the Arabians. Aristotle , too, is said to have been studied with an incredible _ardour by the fol lowers of Mahomet. Magic, what is termed judicial astrology, and the interpretation of dreams were also in high repute, and by these the Mahometahs regu lated their most important undertakines. The Arabians, there is little doubt, combined with their own celestial observations those made by - the Assyrians, the Babylo nians, the Egyptians, and the Greeks, in astronomical science, such as it wit's. Algebra, too, a species of science connected with 'mental or psychological -operations, is, as its name implies, of Arabian origin, and is a description of universal arithmetic, by means of which intricate mathematical problems are resolved, and arithmetical operations greatly facilitated, Rhayes, A.D. 900, and Avicenna a little later, were me dical authors and physicians ; the former being by birth a native of Persia, practising at Bagdad, and presiding over an hospital in that city cf the Caliphs. Besides these, the author mentioned, as belonging to the' same category, Hely Aboas, Aveuzour, Avenhoes, Albueasis, and Abi Ashin, with others, he has furnished us with a catalogue of three hundred medical writers amongst the Mahometans. The Arabians were at no period of their history a people altogether sunk in savage barbarism. The position and the climate of their country might be expected tp conduce to some considerable advance in. their social institutions. A climate exciting, further, a naturally lively imagination, m i g ht b e supposed tobe favourable to a kind of poetry peculiar to their country, and as has been remarked, if copiousness and abundance of imagery, wild and extravagant productions of an over-excited imagination, intense activity of sensa tions, combined with a rare talent for concealing the fixed principles or maxims of truth and of morality beneath the most aereeable veil, as in beautiful figures and metaphors, constitute at once the essence and the charm of poetry, then we say, to no place could we look with more tolerable certainty of finding this art— that of poetry —more generally and more successfully cultivated than in Arabia. The dispersion'of the savaes of - the school of Edessa, and - the expulsion of the n tonic sect of Athens, by order of Justinian, contributed greatly to extend the study of the sciences and of lite rature amongst the Arabians ; and after the conquest of Egypt, by the Caliph Omar, they (the Arabians) soon learnt to perceive the advantages that accrue to a people from an application to, and an application of the sciences, arts, and literature. The academy of Bagdad, founded most probably by the Caliph Almansor, ulti mately acquired a high reputation as a place of learn ing ; so much so as to be held in higher estimation than almost any other similar institution within the IVlaho metan domain. Fabricius informs us that, front all countries of the world, so great-was the influx of pro fessors and of pupils into the city . of Bagdad, that at one time it was computed there were assembled in that city not fewer than six thousand sevens. The successor of the Caliph Almansor; the more distinguished Caliph Haroun-al-Raschids extended to a greater degree than his predecessor his love for science, as well as the pro tection the former had bestowed upon learned institu tions. He drew around him intelligent Christians from Syria and the neighbouring countries, some of whom employed themselves in translating the Greek authors ; the, Caliph ri c hl y rew a r d e d f or t h e i r lit er ary labours, and authorised them to instruct his subjects in the various departments of science and art, and especially in that of medicine. He is deScribed by Abulfoda, Abul faraga, and subsequently by Benjamin of Tudela, as always surrounding himself by some one or more learned inen, as not disdaining even to take part in their literary and scientific discussions, and as adding or combining his advice and opinions on many points with those of the most learned of those that surrounded him. The most distinguished of the Caliphs, for his promotiop of literature, science, and the art', was, however, Alma mom, a successor of Harouo-al-Raschid, - who has almost immortalised 'his name by his devotetine , ss to. learning. He called. his zeal for learning .so far as to give just offence to the true Mussulman believers, Who-contended that he had most jusili exposed himselfto Divine wrath for haying NO far familia philosophy, and by this means to have diminished in proportion the steered authority of the Koran. At Tunis, Fez, and Morocco, and especially in Spain, literature, science, and art flourished in a greater or in less degree, as in the establishments of learning at Cordova, Seville, and Toledo. At this time, that is, about the eighth century, the various Mahometan provinces of the East were,amoegst the chief asylums of literature and the sciences. History informs us of more than one Emir of Irak devoted to learning, and one of these, Saif-Ed-Dhala, established at Konfa and at Bas sore schools of learning of oonsiOerable celebrity. An. other was established at Kurdistan, and Fernsabad, and which enjoyed a public library, containing as many as 7,000 volumes. Later, there was established, in the city of Damascus, a most renowned school. particularly of medicine, at which the Caliph Malek-adel was accus tomed to be present, attending upon the classes, with his book under his arm. In the very depth of the East, at Bokhara, there was a school and a library under the rule of the Saracens. Philosophy was too evidently op posed to Islamism to be tolerated, even at first, by the immediate successors of Mahoinet, and, for a long time after him, the studies that occupied the Pagan philoso phers (as they were termed) were regarded amongst the most impious of crimes of which the genuine true Mus sulman could be guilty. When, at length, Islamism and the empire of Mahomet were sufficiently and firmly sta,- bliehed by fire and by sword, the Arabians obtained per mission to study philosophy after their fashion. The Arabian dialecticians are said to have formed their mode after the model of the modern philosophers of the Alex andrian school. Astrology and alchemy agreed most completely with the national tastes and habits of the nation, although Islamism forbad the practice of magic and the arts of divination. Mr. Preston, in his transla tion of some of the NakAadt of Al Hariri, says, in the introduction to his book, that the meaning of the word Mfiksiindt, as used by 'NH, is thus explained by one of his commentators :—" It primarily signifies 'a place where one stands upright; and hence, the place where one is at any time.' Next, it is used metonymically to denote the persons assembled in any place,' and, finally, by another transition, the discourses delivered or con versations held in any such assembly.' This metapho rical use of the word Mekimdt has, however, been re stricted to discourses and convers a ti ons lik e those nar rated by Hariri and his predecessor, Al Hanaadani, which are composed in a highly-finished and ornamental style, and solely for the purpose of exhibiting specimens of v-arious kinds of eloquence, and exemplifying rules of grammar a rhetoric, and poetry. Basra is situated on the river Tigris, and is comparatively a modern place ; a note in Professor Preston's book informs us that it was founded by command of the Caliph Omar, in order to interrupt the communication of the Persians, with whom he was then at war, with' India, down the united streams of the Tigris and Euphrates. The river Ailah, which falls into the Tigris close to it, waters its gardens, and makes them so fruitful that it is reckoned one of the four earthly paradises by the Arabs, the other three being the vales of Shiraz, Damascus, and Sarmacand. It was remarkable during the Caliphate for its popula tion, and for the great number of its mosques. There was a celebrated market-place there, called Mechad, where poems and other compositions used to be recited aloud, a practice which gave rise to so much literary emulation, that the city became one of the most famous for learning in the East. Basra had ' a famous school of grammar, which rivalled that of Koufa; and therefore Arabian grainmai;ians are divided into the two schools of the Koufiyane and the Basriyans. The MAkAtriAt of Al Hariri have been spoken of as the most classical series of compositions in Arabic literature, and, as such, a masterpiece of elegance and refinement. In the preface to his translation of MikAtuAl, Mr. Preston says, "Nor are these appellations unmerited. In elabo rate execution and ornateness of style the MitkittnAt are perhaps unritalled ; they have always been regarded in the East as models of accuracy ; and the design with which they were written was purely literary, namely, to display the vast resources of the Arabic language, to embody in a series of rhythmical and metrical anecdotes all the refinements of grammar, rhetoric, poetry, history, and tradition that the author's extensive learning could supply. To this design the eubjectonatter of the work is entirely subordinate, the character and incidents being selected, not for their intrinsic interest or value, but merely as forming a suitable occasion and groundwork for the exhibition of recondite learning and rhetorical skill. At the same time it must be allowed that Al Ha rini-has adopted a peculiarly appropriate method of exem plifying the branches of literature most cultivated and esteemed by his Arabian contemporaries. The work is no idle rhapsody, intended, like the Thousand and One Nights, to amuse the loiterers of the cafe or the seraglio, but the elaborate result of the literary system of a period in which not only the sciences but the useful arts of life were sacrificed by the ingenious and studious of a great nation to a profound gi afmnatical and rhetorical research into the structure and resources of their own most copious language." This literary system, Mr. Preston remarks, originated in the extreme importance attached by Mo hammedans to the study of tee Koran, which is uni versally regarded by them as of divine origin, and ver !Ally inspired. The style of the Kenn is so elliptical, snd the dialect in which it is written, though allowed to be the purest and the best, so totally different from the language of ordinary life,, that it was found necessary, in order td effect even an approximate solution of its difficulties, to institute a close comparative study of stile contemporary and preceding productions of Arabic poets, and to establish systems of grammar, rhetoric, and logic, which might, be brought to bear upon the revered text. These sciences, therefore, being the offspring of religious enthusiasm, acquired so much value in the estimation of Mohammedans under the Caliphate, as to cause almost every other literary pursuit to be considered superfluous, if not culpable ; and thus the study of them became general, amid the attainment of them the chief standard of excellence. They formed the topics of discussion in all literary and religious as semblies ' • and those who outshone their c o m p e t i t ors i n masterly familiarity with- them, combined with copious command of language, became the object of public ad miration, and of the munificence of the rich and power ful. Hence it resulted that the eloquent were prone to depend exclusively on their rhetorical powers for main tenance or aggrandisement. They became, as it were, the knight-errants of literature, wandeing from city to city to contest the palm of genius and erudition with any rivals whom they might chance to meet with, and thus attracting the notice and favour of the great. The MAkAnnit combine the primary excellence of being a grand collection of specimens of the literature most ad mired during a long and important period of Mahome tanism, and the secondary one of containing a correct and interesting delineation of the character of some of its most eminent professors. Of the esteem in which the Maki mit of Al Hariri have always been held by learned Moslemin, no better proof can be alleged than the numerous commentaries (second only in number to those upon the Koran) written upon it by natives of the re motest east and west, both Arabian and Persian. Those in Arabia which.are most approved are two—the one by a native of Xeres, in Andalusia, the other by a native of Khouaresen, the north-eastern province of Persia. Much as every line of the MAkAmit has been discussed, the consent of the Arabs themselves has decided- that scarcely one word or phrase admits of improvement or alteration. An eminent writer has asserted that they ought never to be transcribed but in letters of gold, on a tissue of silk. In one of theiMAkitinits, that of Barknid, one of the charac ters in it is described as invoking the Divine aid, with an expression of resignation, "I am in God's hands, and shall return to Him "—an expression of resignation to the Divine will used by the Arabs on the death of any relative, or on meeting with any serious failure or dis appointment—an expression of resignation closely cor responding with the submissive exclamation of Job on his sustaining heavy and irreparable losses. Mr. Pres ton remarks, in one of his notes, that the Arabs as a nation s partake of that singular resignation for which their countryman Job was remarkable. He says that the Bedouin Arabs hold no intercourse with foreigners, even for the ,purposes of trade, and that, therefore, they contract no corruption of dialect. Their vast vocabulary owes its formation to the great number and wide disper sion of their tribes, and its preservation to the numerous poems which form their literature, and which were trans mitted by memory from generation to generation. From ancient times they prided themselves highly on poetry and rhetoric. Pocock, Crichton, as well as Mr. Pres ton, remark that the only studies on which they pride themselves are the philology of their own language, and the investigation of the laws of its construc tion, together with the composition of poetry and pro e. Tbe narrow limits of their sphere of literature and observation seem to have concentrated the attention of those among them who were endowed with, genius in a mnst intense study of the resources of their own lan guage, insomuch that they were led even to overrate its importance, and to account excellence in its grammar anal rhetotie the first of all mental attaintneois.. This feeling was festered and confirmed by the appearance of the Koran, written in the h►ghest and purest style, and by its metaphorical a►id very elliptical phraseology re quiring close study and illustration from other sources on the part of. those who fully understand it. From that time many eminent grammarians among the Arabs of the large towns were wont to sojourn among the Bedouins, in order to acquire purity of style, and to establish from their usages the best rules and autho rities in grammar. Thus, the learned under the Caliphate, revering the Bedouins as the parents of their race, and the repositories of their copious and admired language, naturally imbibed their peculiar tastes and habits of thought, till they acquired that almost extra vagant estimation for verbal variety and rhetorical copiousness which led them to regard the MAk4mAt of Al Ilariri as an incomparable monument of intellec tual culture. Numerous quotations from several of the Mtkt£u►ttt, as rendered by Mr. Preston, were read to the meeting by. Dr. Camps in the course of his paper, as illustrative of the peculiar mental and social habits and practices of the Arabians. - An animated discussion followed, in which Mr. Ains worth, Mr. Sharpe, Dr. Turnbull, Mr. Wright, Dr. Holt Yates, and the author of the paper took part, after which the meeting adjourned until the month of May. DEPARTURES FOR AUSTRALIA.— The departures from k show an i ncrease. , They the port of . London f or t h e Australian colonies during the past -W ee have comprised altogethe r 11 vessels—five to Sydney, with an aggregate burden o f -4,18 9 tons ; four to Port Pailip, with an aggregate burden of 1,920 tons; one to Launceston, of 356 tons, and one to Hobart Town,-of 1 99 tons. Th e i r total capa c it y was 6,669 tons. The rates of freight exhibit fi rmness, with a tendency in some par ti cu l ar cases to imp rove. - . COST OF THE W AR.— V ar i ous calculations c are afloat as to our present' war expenditure ; that which would seem to he not very wide of the, mark fixes it at be tween 30,0001. and 40,0001. per .diem. The drain of s pecie, in payment of our forces, will soon become pil palile; which will be materially increased if the Turkish Government is unable to find the large body of troops 1 which will occupy the Ottoman territory in supplies.— 1 Sunday Timm 8111PPII7t7 iivrtILIO.VIVOR. CUSTOM-HOUSE, APRIL 17. ENTERED INWARDS.—The Wiliam Frederick, from Monhuisen ; Judy, Hamburgh ; James Armstrong, Shang hai ; Harmonic+, Seville; India, Manilla; Gesina, Ham' burgh ; Maria, do. ; Gaspian, do. ; Jonge Jens, Bremen ; British Hero, Antwerp; Alice Thompson, Madras and Cuddalore ; Almuth, Hamburg,h ; Fredericks, Feddet. wardersiel ; Unity, Antwerp; Anna Maria, Norden: Aiphardo, Groningen ; Robert Barton, Calcutta; Herr • lichkeit Godens, linstringerseil • Minerva, Nieustadgoden Hai movie , St ra l sund ; Raven:bourne, Antwerp ; Diana, Sudwesthorn ; Oceane, Nord,rschleuse; El zabeth, Sud• westhorn ; Othello, Norderschlense ; Ellenborougb, Syd' ney; Kundo, Nile; Frithiof, Kjoge ; Antzti, Bremen; Hermann, Emden; Ic 0., Mauritius; Maria, Constan tinople ; Diamond, Bruges ; Aincip, Leer ; Jonge Her. mann, Fredericdest ; Anna, Bremen; Eliza, Ham burgh ; Immanuel, Carolinenseil ; Annette, Emden ; Helene, Ka,rsoe ; Diana, Nerniiarlingerseil ; Wieler Kunft, He' merrninerseil ; Vrou Johanna, Bremen ; Norma, Seville Oxel and Walton!, Skien ; Gute Manz, Jarmen, Ka gesene, and Cecilia, Hoyen ; Jermes Clothilde, Santander; Ann, Rouen; D:nnenborg, Aalborg; Anna Henrietta, Harnburgh ; Drie Gebroders, Steinhauserseil ; Emanuel, Rustringerseil ; Therese, Bungseil ; Ambrosia, Frederick' stailt ; Wilhelmina, Carolinenseil ; Tina, Hookseil ; Wil helmina, ; Warner, Leer ; Carolinda, Cher' bourg ; Surprise, St. Michael's; Iloffnurg, Oltenclori; Rekoton, Gothenburg. ENTERED OUTWARDS FOR LOADING.—The Mercury, far Rotterdam ; Florencia, Bilboa ; William Prowse, Ade' laide ;- Zwantina, Hain burgh ; St. George, Valparaiso and Lima ; Mona, Ceylon and Cannanore. CLEARED OUTWARDS WITH CARGO.—The Hietoria, for Adelaide and Port Philip ; J. J. Colt, Melbourne and Sydney; Marshal Bennett, Geelong; Mercury, Ascension; Demerara, Demerara. LIVERPOOL, April 16. -The William Patten, arrived here from New Orleans, passed•, 14th March, in hit. 4 iCs long. 67 W., several bales of cotton and some boxes. SCILLY, April 14.—The Vereinig, from St. 17bet for Vlaardingen, with salt, was assisted in here last night, with loss of stanchions, bulwarks, and covering board splits and making water, having been in collision yesterday with No. 14 Transport, from London to Malta, when the crew of the former got on board of the latter, and subsequently returned to their own vessel ; the Transport lost jib-boora. • VESSELS SPC. - EN WITH. The Coronet (*eh.) from L?ierpool to Porto Rico, April 3, lat. 47 N, long. 13 W. The Oregon (brig); for New York, April 6, lat. 49 No long. 12 W. The Delia Maria, from Liverpool to Charlestown, March 7, lat. 49 N, long. 20 W. The Robert Hooper, from Liverpool to New York, Feb. 26, lat. 4 N, long. 61 W. The Avalanche, from New Orleans to Liverpool, lat. 26 N long. 85 W. _ _ The Columbian, from Liverpool to New York, March 20, lat. 34 N, long. 74. W. _ The John Gardiner, from Boston to Bombay, Feb. 10, 1at..23 S. long. 25 W. The Nathan Hannan, outward bound, March 25, lat. 38 N, long. 32 W. The Louisiana (American ship), from Baltimore to Lon• don, April 10, lat. 49 N, long. 7 W. The Othello (Swedish sch.), from London to Rio Janeiro March 4, lat. 1 N. long. 23 W. The George Lord, bound to Plymouth, lat. 50 N, long. 9 W. The Barbara (ship), from London to St. John's, April S, lat. 49 N, long. 11 W. April 17.—The Caroline Louisa, of Bideford, bound to, Genoa, with loss of main-mass, fore-topmast, &c., and one man overboard, was Spoken with two miles off Cape Spar. tel, by the Island Queen, arrived at Gibraltar. Extract of a despatch from her Majesty's Vice• Consul ab Galatz dated March 27, 1851 " There has been an einb ,r,,ao on all vessels since Mon• day last, but as no commuuic4tions are made to Consulates or any public notice given, it is difficult to ascertain whetiier the hindrance comes irotn the high authorities, or merely from subalterns. (Signed) " CHARLES CUNNINGHAM.° C 0 171 V IRY MARKETS. CFIELAISFORD—APRIL 15. Prices today were as follow :—Wheat, white, old 694 to to 84s Od, new 6',/s to 84s ; red, old 57s to 80s, new Ns to 803 ; barley, 27s to 35s ; chevalier, 33s to 38s ; grindin • 21a to 3Js ; malt, 61s to 65s ; chevalier, u4s to 68s ; oak-, 24s to 314 ; peas, partridge, 393 to 44s ; white, 47s to 49<; boiling 54s to 6 s ; dun, new, 39s to 41s ; _beans, tick, as to 403; Harro w ti c k s, 36s to 423 ; Mazagan, 36s ' to 395. COLCHESTER —APRIL 15. Prices to-clay were as follow :—Wheat, white, 76s to 88w; red, 72s to 8)s ; barley, 34s to 34s ; oats, 28s to 33i . beans, Mazagan, 36s to 3.•;s ; middle and small, 38.3 to 46s ; pease white, 56s to 60s ; grey, 38s to 425. Official Statement of the Quantities of Corn, &c., in the port of London, from the following pol the 10th to the lith April, both inclusive. , received rbs, from A 4., 4.; . 4 Colchester Harwich ~ Leigh Ma,1d0n.... 65 48 8501 - 5401 125 - - 191 417? 65 180 278 KIRKCALDY --APRIL 15. - --• Here, to-day, we had extremely limited supplies of all kinds of grain. Barley sold very slowly at Is to Os per qr. reduction ; wheat and oats sold slowly also, but could not be purchased cheaper. Wheat. Barley. Oats. I Beans. First Second Third o2s Od I 37. Od 30s Od Os Od Oatmeal, per bag of 2801bs imperial, 48. Od to 00s Od. COAL MARKET.—Aram 17. Prices of Coal per ton at the close of the market :-. a. d.I Bate's West Hartley 18 0 Wallsetul t &o. s. A. Huddle W. Hartley l9 0;Belmont 17 3 flolywell .18 61Hagwell 19 0 North Percy Hartley ..-.18 0 Plummer lB 0 Tanfield Moor . 17 o:Stewart's l9 0 - Tatifield Moor Butes 17 0 Hartlepool l- S Tyne Main.-- ...... ......17 rlLleu g h Hall . 1;) 0 Wylam 17 6 Kelloc 18 0 !South Hartlepool ..... lB 0 South Kelloe 18 0 .18 O t Whitworth l7 6 17 3 Wallsend, &o. Eden Bell .. - . • '• • p RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS. LIVERPOOL, APRIL 17: STOCK EXCHA.NGE.—The market has been dull all day, closing flat at the lowest rates. Caledonian, 263 ; Lanca shire and Yorkshire, 603 4 ; London and North Westwril, 96 ; Midland, 58g. LEEDS, APRIL 17. STOCK EXCHANOE.—There has been an inanimate mar• ket on 'Change this morning, though the bona fide trans actions made have been at an improvement on Saturday's prices. Very little doing on speculation. Lancashire and Yorkshires, 61; Midland, 581. MANCHESTER, APRIL 17. STOCK EXCHANGE.— The market was rather easier, but very dull. Dover, 17 716 ; Leeds, 601. BIRMINGHAM in APRIL 17. , STOCK EitcHANGE.-.—There was no ateriar alteration i n the state or the share market to-day. Prices closed pretty much as they opened, with little business doing, The foie lowing were the quotations : London and North Wester* Stock, buyers 95i ; Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincoln shire Stock, 19 20; Midland Sto c k, 57i 84 ; Shrewsbur y and Birmingham Stock, 51 53 ; and South Staffordshire, 24 r ‘DVEITISEHEN T j— 1 most laterestin: recorwry from a vast cOttl. p ica+lo of ~i +e twes, without t , :e aid of medicine, is tee rded in tag fo.lowing letter : "Bridkehouse, Frimloy, 3d Aprll, lOC "Grateful for tha benefit I haVe derived from Du Barry's Kern. lenta Arahica Food. I feel it mysluty to express t you my ue tehined thanks for the invsrlable tuft 'IICS3 I hay. met wit-, at you , hands. My ease I- , an extra rdinary oae, and. us it may benefit of er suf ferers I think it-hut right to place its details at your dispookl. hhave suffered tnese 33 years continually tr,nl diseased lunge, spitting t toovd, liver derangements, deaf))e , s, slugryig in the ears court.) p ition, debility, shorthess of breath and cou4h, and (twin,: that period taken towich d-clne th it f can safety aiy I have labs out upwards of a i air po..mis 5t th, che-tics-'s and doctor's, t have actually worn on' two medical !nen\ :tiring my ailments wi bout find ing and improvt-.rent lii iny health. Indeed I was in utter despair and ' , ever expected to get ov r it, when I was formate enough to become scquainted with your Itevalenta Arsh:ca, which, /leaven be praised, I **stired ale t it ,u ate co health which long since despaired of attiLuing. . Jiver, stoma h, head, and ears are all right, my hearing perfect, ititt my recovery is a i 0 srvel to all my acqualn tanc's am, respecOhl "Jugs ROBERTS, Wo'd M e chant." tions 15., 2s 93 ;21) , 4- ;slb , I I In catligter,, suitably packcd for all climates, aOl with Rill instruc • fined, 5 -1 lb ; 22s ; 15 , 335. The 1., lb and 12 lb., '22s ; s u p er re -225; lb. carria ge free, on receipt 0: Pos.-office osier !tarry, Du Barry, and Co., V, Regent- Street, London; eortnuin, Mason, ant Co., purveyors t, her Majesty I'iccadilly; also at 63, Oxford-street; 61, Gr acechtuch-street ; 49. Bish opsga;e street; 4, Cheapside; 33 0 and 451 Strand - , • BIRTHS. OF ASON. On the 14th inst., at Crowfren-hill, Louth, the wife of the Rev, Samuel Lodge. On the 15th inst., at Denbeigh, Itasletnere, Surrey, the wife of William Pontifex, Esq. OF A DAUGHTER. -On the I.sth inst., Mrs. Hepworth Dixon, Essex-villa, - the wife of William Bon Queen's rndth i s n lq a s. 4 th , S: i t a . s John siTadoobacicii; _ • MARRIED. •• On th e intli December la s t, a t St . James's Chnrch, SS:d4 ney, Mr. William Hurford, l to of the firm of Toppin, Hurford, and Co., auctioneers, Bucklersbury, London, to Mary Ann Atkinson, widow of the late Mr. Robert Atkin' s on, St. Mary-at-hill, London, wine merchant. _DIED. On the 7th just., at - I/tallow, john Dou'ghty Windham, Esq., late Capt•tin in he r Al a j esty ' s Ist or Royal Regiment and younest son . o f the late Adwit:al Windbag], a o g f ed F n o 3 :h 6t: o e 14th inst., at 7, Princess -terrace Regent's-park, George Dyer, Esq., o f the Bank of England, surviving kia wife only 16 days. On the 14th inst. at Grove-bill-h ouse , C am b erwe ll, Emms, eldest daughter of the late Thomas Key, Esq., aged 29. "the 14th inst., at Now London -roil, Chelmsford, George Brown, Esq , formerly of the. War-office, aged 77- LONDON: - Printdd and Pubhailed by; ; D 6 LT 'DO YuL+ Gi of No: 112; Strand, Printer, at Tice Sun Office, No. 1 12 , ,arand, in the P rec i nc t o f the ' Savoy, in the co unt,' 05 Tuesday, April 18, 1254. .( h i Feb bet , Dori inel 'wet Arri C Sun day; adni pals Rau issu, at Rad 0 , lhai ton Pay Eton