The Sun. — London, England, 1864-10-31 00:00:00

EMEMBER ! WE WAIT SUPPER for you of Cr the Covent Garden Opera, at EVANS'. Fail liINAHAN'S LL WHISKY v. COGNAC BRANDY. This celebrated Old IRISH WHISKY rivals the finest FRENCH BRANDY, It i 3 Pure, Mild, Mellow, Delicious, and very Wholesome. Sold in Bottles, 3s. Bd., at the Retail Houses in London ; by the Agents in the principal towns in England ; or wholesale R, GREAT WINDMILL-STREET, LONDON, W. Observe the Red Seal, Pink Label, and Cork branded "liinahan's LL Whisky." ESTABLISHED 1837. B RITANNIA LIFE CO3l PAN Y, Empowered by special Act of Parliament 4 Viet., cap. 9, 1, Princes-street, Bank, London. ASSURANCE Every description of Life Assurance business transacted at the lowest rates of Pre,:ium consistent with security. Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., THE MASTE4R OF MARTON. "This work will take a very high place among the novels of the seaQon. It is well written, and has an interest ing- plot. The dialogue throughout is good, sparkling every where with geniality and wit."—Star. Hurst and Bla3kett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. The various Tables, some of whin are peculiar to this Co mpany, have been studiously adapted to the requirements of every cla', - s of Assurers ANDREW FRANCIS, Secretary. EIE LIVERPOOL AND LONDON AND GLOBE INSURANCE COMPANY. Established 183 G. Offices--1, Pale- treet, Liverpool ; 20 and 21, Poultry, 7, Cornhill, and 56, Charing-cr6ss, London. (Empowered Speciary by Parliament.) INVESTED FUNDS EXCEED £3,40,000 STERLING-. By an Act of the last Session of Parliament, the Globe Insurance Company of London was amalgamated, as from the 29th September, t 5(2, with the Liverpoot and London Com pany, and by a clause in the Act the name of the latter Com pany was subsequently changed to THE LIVERPOOL. AND LONDON AND GLOB s INSURANCE COMPANY. The CAPITAL of the Company is Two Millions, of which £390,000 is paid up and invested ; and in addition there are Reserve Funds, which, independently of •the Lire Reserve, amount to .E 1,200,000. FIRE INSURANCE.—The Premiums in 1863 exceeded £510,000, and were treater than those of any other Company by upwards of £200,0,0. The position in the Duty Return will be understood from the following statement:-- The Sun, established in 1710, collected duty in 1863, £215,000 The Phoenix „ 1782, 138,000 The Liverpool and j is 36, 133,000 London and Globe If 'Whilst no other Company collected as much a 5...... 90,000 MEE INSURANCE.--The Premiums receive I in 18#13 Were £209,5 ,, 0, and the Annuities paid amounted to .£31,500. The Fund accumulated to meet these Liabilities is L 1,450,000. The Liab lily of Proprietors is unlimited. SWINTON BOULT, Secretary to the Company. JOITN ATKINS, Realdent Fecratary. - Sept ember, 1864. AT L ANTIC AND GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY COMPANY. Offices-2, Old Broad-street, London, E.C. ISSUE OF SECOND MORTGAGE BONDS, (Ohio Division) , Payable in London. 4,000,( 00 Dollars. Due in 1883, Coupons due Ist January and Ist July. Secured by a Registered Mortgage on the Income and all Corporate Iththts, Privileges, Lands, Franchises, Plant, and Property of the Ohio Division of the Railway. The Bonds are redeemable at par in New York, or in Lon don at 4s. lld. per dollar, and are transferable wi , hout stamp or endorsement ; Interest Coupons are attached to the Bonds, payable semi• annual y, at the Cons lidated Bank in London, at the fixed rate . of 45. to the dollar. The Bonds will be issued at 60, at wh•ch rate Bonds of 1,000 dollars will cost £l4B 10s., carrying Coupons due January 1, 1865. The Coupons represent £l4 per annum on each Bond of 1,000 dollars, or 94 per cent interest on price of issue. The several divisions of the Atlantic and Great Western Railway have been cansolida , ed under the government of James _Robb, Esq., whose reput tion as a Banker and Rail way Administrator is established in Europe as well as in America. Mr. Robb. as President of the Atlantic and Great 'Western Railway, joins he Direction of the Erie and other lines forming the Throul t h Route between New York and St. Louis, so as to secure unity of action. The price of issue has been fixed at O. The terms of issa 3 are as follows : s. d. 5 per cent on application, being 11 5 0 per bond of 1000 dols. 10 „ on allotment 2L 10 0 ~ 15 „ 10th November „ 33 15 0 ~ 15 „ 19th DiTember „ 33 15 0 „ 21 „ firth January „ 47 5 0 less £7 Coupon due Ist January £l4 10 0 Subscribers have the option of paying* the instalments in advance, and will be allowed a disconut of 9 p er cent per an num on such pre-paymen s. After allotment, Scrip Certificates will be issued to " bearer." These Certificates will be exchanged for Bonds to " bearer" on paym, nt of the final instalment. Forms of Application may be obtained at N the Consolidatedßr oad Street, London, London, E.C., or of E. F. SATTEHTITWAITE, Broker, 38, Throgmorton - street , London, E.C. London, Oct. 12, 1861. AT LA N LC and GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. Issue of SECOND MORTGAGE BONDS, payable in London. —NOTICE I 3 HEREBY GIVEN, That no Application for these Bonds will be re ceived atter THIS DAY, Oct. 31. By Order. • No. 2, 0:d Broad-street, October 31, 1851. THE NORTHERN ASSAM TEA COMPANY (Limited). Incorporated and r the Companies' Act, 1812. Capital £200,000, in 10,r 00 shares of £lO each. First issue, 15,000 shares. 10 per share on application ; 10s. on allotment. No Cali to exceed 10s. per share, or to in made at a le not ss in intended to terval than three months from a prev :ous Call. It is call up more than 30s. per share f..r twelve months. Where no allotment is mule the deposit money will be re turned in full. A minimum Dividend payable half-yearly in July and "-- .January. of 10 per cent. per annum, for three years, is secured to the shareholders, to the satisfaction of tne Direc ors. DIRECTORS. • E. W. Wingrove, Esq ., Chairman (late Mackerzie, Lyall, and Co., Calcutta). Sevenoaks, Kent. P erc i va l Battiscombe, Esq. , E. 11. Higgs, Esq., Instow, North Devon, and Dibrooghur, Assam. Stavely Kin g, 39, Brook - street , Grosvenor-squarn. W. Mitchell, Esq. ll (Messrs. Mitchell and A s p inall), 8, Great J. Tower-street, E.C. Col. T. 11. Sissruore, Bengal Artillery, Hauglaton Lodge, Stockbride,e. J, 11. Young, Esq., B.C.S.,late Commissioner Burdwan Divi sion, Bengal. * This gentleman will join the Board as Managing Direct. r Nvlien the transfer of the Estates is completed. CALCUTTA AGENTS. Messrs. Thomson, Shaw, and CO. BANKERS. The London and Cour ty Bank, Lombard -street. The Chartered Mercantile Bank of India, Loudon, and China, Calcutta. SOLICITORS. Messrs. Sole, Turners, and Hardwick, 6S, AL'ermanbury. BROKERS. Messrs. Seymour awl Co., 38, Throgmorton - street. SECRETARY PRO TEM. Mr. C. H. Fielder. TEMPORARY OFFICES. 35, Bucklersbury, London, E.C. ABRIDGED PROSPECTUS. This Company is formed for the purchase of 'Twelve valu able Tea Estates, situated in Northern Assam, on the south side of the Brahmapo tra river, at distances varying from two and a half to ten miles from llibroogliur, the principal shipping port of Upper Assam. The purchase money is fixed at £54,100, payab'e £7,01 1) in cash, and the residue by four annual instalments, commencing in January, 1868, with interest at 5 per cent. The vendor has substantially guaranteed toil he directors ital a minimum dividend of 10 per cent. on the pad-up cap during the first three years ; but from the estimates of pro duce and expenses, which have been carefully examined, the directors are justified in anticipaticg af.er the first year con siderably larger dividends. The Articles of Association and Contract with Mr. Higgs May be seen at the Offices of the Company. Aplications fo Shares to be made on orefre Monday, 31st Applications for Shares to be made on or before MondaY, 31st October, WA, r on which date the_list THE NORTHERN ASSAM TEA COMPANY (Limited!. NOTICE.—No npplication for Shares in this Company wi 1 be received after THIS DAY, Oct. 31. By order, C. H. FIELDER, Secretary, pro tem. Temporary Offices-35, Buckleribury, London, E.C., 31st October;lB64. EE T 11.—Mr. ESKELL'S PATENT, —The Al exclusive right to this Patent was secured to Mr. ysicell, of Grosvenor-street, Grosvenor-square, by her Ma jesty's 'loyal ,Seal (July 17, 1860), and can only be procure d at his residence,'whe• e specimens maybe seen, a nd every infor mation can be obtained. Under this Patent, Artificial Teeth, to last a lifetime, are made, and fitted in a few hours without pain or extractions. The y su pp ort loose teeth,nd protect a tender gums ; their resemblanc e to nature is perfect and un detectable, and they are guaranteed for mastication and articulation. Treatise on the subject sent for seven stamps. Consultations free. OPINIONS Or TILE PRESS. "Mr. Fskell, dental - surg e o n, has succeeded in producing artificial teeth, and so constr Tho ng ti the that they patented, last their purpose a lifetime. .. . prce m ss has been and p r omisee to be most valuible. —Court Journal, August 4, 1860. "A surprlslng , novelty in the adaptation of artificial teeth to the gum by a patented principle, which securos the most perfect aid, combined will' the greatest ease and agreeable appearance." —Morning Advertiser, August 9, 1860. 'Decayed teeth stopped, &o. Terms strictly moderate. 8, Grosvenor-street, Bond-street. THE PERFECT SUBSTITUTE for SILVER. J. The REAL NICKEL SILVER, into more than thirty years ago by WILLIAM S. BURTON, when I'LATED by the patent process of Messrs. Elkington and Co., is, beyond all comparison, the very best article, next to sterling silver, that can be employibled e aest s su can it ch, either distin use- f u lly or ornamentally , as b y no poss tbe guished from real silver. A small useful set, gua ranteed of first quality for fi nish and dura bility, as follows : duraimuY , "':, Fiddle Thread King's or Old Bead or Brun or Silver Pattern swiek Lily ----- Pattern Pattern Sic. --- --- X 5. d. £ s. d. £ X s. d. • 12 Table Forks 1 13 0 2 , 0 0 2 , 4 1 (1 F, lg g ]'_''Fable Spoons 1 1 13 01 2 0 0 12. Dessert Forks ll4OlllOOl 1. 0 1 1 15 0 - 1 12 Dessert Spoons 1 4 0 i 1 10 0 1 12 0, 1 15 0 12 Tea Spoons 6 Egg Spoons, gilt bowls... 010 01 0 12 0 0 12 0 0 13 6 2 Sauce Ladles 1 0 6 0, s. 0 0 s 0, o 9 o 1 Gravy Spoon 1 o 6 61 0 9 0 o 10 o, o 11 0 2,Salt Spoons, gilt bowls 1 0 3 41 0 4 0 0 4 0; 0 4 6 1 Mustard Spoon, gilt bowll 0 1 gi 0 2 C 0 2 01 0 2 3 1 Pair of Sugar Tongs 102610 3 6 0 3 611 1 0 10 6 4 0 1 Pair of Fish Carvers 1 1 4 Co' 1 10 0 (*) 0 6 0 1 19 0 1 Butter Knife 1 0 2 6' 0 4 0 0 5 1' Soup Ladle . 0 10 0, 0 12 0 0 10 0 0 17 0 1 Sugar Sifter 0 3 0460 4 6 0 5 6----- ---1 --- 1- 919 9 0113 9 614 17 3 Any article to be had singly at the same prices. An oak chest to contain the above, and a relative number of knives, &c., .4:2 15s. Tea and coffee sets, dish covers and cornerdishcs, cruet and liqueur frames, &c,at proportionate prices. All kinds of re-plating done by the patent process. WILLIAM S. BURTON. GENERAL FURNISHING IRONMONGER, by appointment to 11.8. H. Laid. Prince of Wales, pen ds a CATALOGUE gratis, and post plt contains urwards cf 600 Illustrations of his illimited Stock of Sterling Silver and Electro Plate, Nickel Silver and Britannia Metal Goods, Dish Covers, Hot-water Dishes, Stoves, Fenders, IRarsle Chimneypieces, Kitchen Ranges, Lamps, Gaseliers, Tea Trays, Urns, and Kettles, Clocks, Table Cutlery, Baths Toilet Ware, Turnery, Iron and Brass Bedsteads, Bedding,-Bed-room Cabinet Furniture, Sac., \VP 11 Lists of Prices, and r ans of the Twenty large Show Rooms, at 39, Oxford-street, W. ;1, I,k, 2,3, and 4, Newman street ;4, 5, and 0, terry's-plate ; and 1, Newman -yard, Loudon. DIGS! PIGS! PIGS!—INDIAN Prins, MEAL, without husks, supplied to the Royal Windsor, and in every county in England, 10s 6d per cwt. ; one cwt. equal to lI cwt. barley or any meal Delivered free in Lo6o, n don. Established 188.-3:IIOMAS PEA.RCE, Manager, L ant-street, Southwasrk ORNAMENTS for the Drawing-room, Library, ,nd Dining-room, consistingof anew and eiezant assort ment of VASES, Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obelisks, Ink stands, beautiful inlaid Tables, Paper weights, dm, in Italian, Alabas er, Parian, Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar, tirC. Imported and manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mine ralogist to her Majesty, 149, Stand, W.C., London. R. Tennant arranges elementary collections ot SHELLS, MINERALS, ROCKS, and FOSSILS, which will greatly facilitate the interesting study of MINERALOGY, CON CHOLOGY, And GEOLOGY, at 2,5, 10, 20, 50, to 100 guineas each. PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINE RALOGY is given by Mr. TENNANT. at 149. Strand W.C. PRIZE ME D A L.-INTERNATIONAL EXHIBIT lON, 1862. FRANCIS TUCKER Sr CO., Wax Chandlers, U.. &0., To the Queen and the Prince of Wales. (Established 1720.) The Jurors' Report on Wax and Church Candles, in 1862. testifies to the excellence of the quality of Messrs. Tuckers' manufacture. A distinguished Dignitary, in a letter addressed to Francis Tucker and Co., on the subject of WAX CANDLES with PLATTED WICKS, says : " I have found them fully equal to the recommendation w hich you gave them, and can since rel y , in my turn, I com mend them to the clergy for the use of the altar." Finest quality, with latted Wicks, patented.. is. 2d. per lb O r dinary quality .. .• • • .. s Od. per lb. VEGETABLE CANDLES, with a Mixture of Wax. Best quality .. .• Is. sd. per lb. Second quality • •• •• • • .. ls. 3d. per lb. Third quality .. .. • • .. is. ld. per lb. Carriage paid in London on Orders of Five Pounds in value. FRANCIS TUCKER AND CO., 8, South Molton-street, Grosvenor-square. Manufactory— Kensington (Established 1730). The larg,ea Establishmmt i Egland for the Manufacture oft Wax Candles for the use of the Altar. NOTHING IMPOSSIBLE.—The greatest and most useful invention of theday, AGUA AMARELL A. Messrs. JOHN GOSNELL and CO., 3, Kinr-court, Lombard street, London, Pert umors to her Majesty, respectfully offer to the public this truly marvellous fluid. which gradually restores the human hair to its pristine hue—no matter at what age. The Agua Amaiella has none of the properties of dyes ; it, on the contrary, is beneficial to the system, and when the hair is once restored one application per month wilt keep it in perfect colour. Price one guinea per bottle, or in half bottles, Ifs. 61. Testimonials from artistes of the highest order, and from individuals of undoubted respectability, may be seen on application. Messrs. John Gosnell and Co. have been appointed Perfumers to her Royal Highness the Princess of Wales. DR. SCOTT'S BILIOUS ANI) LIVER PILLS. —A NEVER FAILING RESIEDY.—Pre e tired without any mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of Dr. Scott, of Bromley, Kent, will be found invaluable to all who ,ufrer from bilious and hver complaints, habitual ,pasms, giddiness, dizziness of the eyes, &O. For •ostiveness, as a family aperient medicine, and as a purifier of the blood, they are truly excellent; mild in their opera tion and grsteful to the stomach, they create appetite, pro mote digestion, and strengthen the whole nervous system. Sold by W. Lambert, 8, King William-street, Charing-cross. London, and by most druggists, in boxes, Is. lid., and three times the quantity in one, 2s. 9d. Be sure to ask for Dr. Scott's Bilious and Liver Pil l s. The genuine are a square green package. with " William Lambert," enqraved on the stamp. N°. 22,575. Now ready, in 2 vols , Bvo., with Portrait, T HE EON. GRANTLEY BERKELEY'S LIFE AND RECOLLECTIONS. Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, 13, Great Marlborough street. - To be had at all the Booksellers and Libraries. ' Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., jIHE QUEEN OF THE COUN TY . By the Author of "Margaret and her Bridesmaids,"& c "`The Queen of the County' is a novel of the first class. It is a story of exciting interest, and a delightful study of female character. Independently of its interesting plot, an elevated moral tone and great literary ability give it accu mulated claims to a place in s andard literature."—Post. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborou;h-street. Now ready, in:crown Svo., with a Portrait of the Princess, 6s, MEM OIRS of HENRIETTA CARACCIOLO, of the Princes of Forino, ex-Benedictine Nun. Richard Bentley, Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty. NEW NOVEL BY THE AUTHOR OF "LADY AUDLEY'S SECRET," &O. FOURTH EDITION, READY, THE DOCTOR'S WIFE. John Maxwell and Co., Publishers, 122, Fleet-street. NEW NOVEL BY GUSTAVE AINARD. This Day, in 3 vols., THE BEE-HUNTRESS. By GUSTAVE ADIARD. John Maxwal..and Co., Publishers, 122, Fleet-street. NEW NOVEL BY A CLEIWYMAN. This Day, in 2 vo s., 4SKERDALE PARK. A Novel. John Maxwell and Co., Publishers, 122, Fleet-street. A NEW NOVEL BY A NEW AUTHOR. This day, in 3 vols., GASPER TRENCHARD. By BRACEBRIDGE HEMYNG, Barrister-at-Law. John Maxwell and Co., Publishers, 122, Fleet street. THE NEW NOVEL. This day, at all Libraries, in 3 vols., nAlt TIN TOBIN. By Lady CAMPBELL. John Maxwell and Co., Publishers, 122, Flect-street. A NEW NOVEL BY A NEW AUTHOR. oth Thousand, price is., DR. HARVEY ON CORPULENCE.—Its diminution and cure without injury to health, with Remarks upon the Maladies produced by obesity : CANCER and CONSUMPTION. New and painless treat ment. Price 3s. By JOHN IiARVEY, M.D., ii, Brook-street, Grosvenor-square. Smith and Co., 52, Long-axe. THE SOLDIER'S LEGACY.-Mr. GERMAN REED'S New Opera dl Camera TO-NIGHT, at Eight, entitled THE SOLDIER'S LEGACY, composed by G. A. Maefarren, Esq., and written by John Oxenlord. Esq., in which Miss R. Henderson, Mr. Whiffin, Mr. P. A. Shaw, and Mis 3 Poole (by the kind permission of the New Opera Com pany), will appear. Concluding with TOO MANY COOKS, sustained by Mies D'Este Finlayson, Mr. J. A. Shaw, and Mr. Whiffin.—ROYAL GALLERY of ILLUSTRATION, 14, Regent-street. Unreserved seats, ls., 25. ; stalls, 3s. stall chairs, 55. ; may be secured in advance without fe:•. T H 0 X F OR D, 6, OXFORD STREET, W. The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (limited). TIIIS EVENING will be produced (fifth time in this country), ORPIIEE .AUX ENFERS, by Offenbach, MASANIELLO, MARTHA, LA TROVATORE, and THE FAVORITE, &c , by the following Artistes, viz., Misses Russell, Fitz-Henry,Walmsley, Tyrrell, &c. With augmented Band and Chorus, conducted by Mr. F. Jonghmans. Mr. JACKSON HANES, the Champion Skater, in his per formaneo, on the I.3rawiug Room Skates, of Quadrilles. Varsoviennes, &c. UNSWORTH (or any other man), EUGENE, W. Randall, 11. Nash, Herr Hermann. and Mdlle. Cava I' LE PETIT 13LONDIN. Admission—Area, 6d. ; stalls and balcony, Is. ; private boxes, 10s. Gd. CANTERBURY HALL. Triumphant Success of PRINCE PERFUME AND PRINCESS BOUQUET. Under the title of Prince Perfume and Princess Bouquet is nightly to be seen at the Canterbury Hall a Magic Spectacle far transcending in poetry of concept on, b auty and in c'er, uity of arrangement, scenic effect, 'and illiancy of liLht and colour any former avlication (even at this Hall) of the principle known as the OPTICAL ILLUSION. n this last collective display of scenic art and of brilliant choreograpt ic and statuesque grouping will be found pic'u , es surpas'ing some of the greatest achievements of the Modern Extra_ vaganza—St e " THE SHIPWRECK," " Til PHANTOM COMBAT'," and " THE CURTAIN OF FIRE." The "Illusive Sketch," which is the centre of these corns cat'ons. is by Hr. W. F. Vandervell ; the overture and inci dental music by Willem Vandervell. Prince Perfume, Mrs. William Randall. The Oxford and Canterbury Hall Company (limited). Q,,ITRAND MUSICK HALL. 0, PROMENADE CONCERTS EVERY EVENING. With a full Band of Forty Performers. Conductor, Mr. F Kingsbury. Vocalists a. Wilka, MolblofT, and Mayer. Instrumentalists: -Violin, Signor Giovanni Adelmann ; Cornet, M. Puhem; Pianoforte, Al. Mattel, Pianist to his Majesty the King of Italy. Admission, ls. ; Private boxes, 10s. 6d. ; stalls, 2s. Commence at Eight. STRAND MUS ICK HALL. MUSICK AT EIGHT O'CLOCK. COMICK AT TEN O'CLOCK. EVERY EVENING, THE GREAT VANCE AT HALF-PAST TEN. -------- MADAME TUSSAUD'S HISTORICAL GALLER' : established 28 years at the Bazaar, Baker-street. NEW ADDITION. A full len,c.rth portrait model of DR. COUTY DE LA POISIMMRALS, the Poisoner, taken from the orig:inal photograph, by Mons. Trinquart, of Paris, from lite, is now added to Room s hamber of Physio2,nomy. Admittance, is. ; Napoleon and Chamber of Horrors, 6d. extra. Open from 11 till 5, and from 7 till 10. ____-------- • 1&46 7, e , " 1 0 J P AA/kd t /Z 7 • : - • - • f • ? 2 • •• ; ; • •• 22 :' ••4' . - •.% , 7v • 4) i n -; • N i .21: 1 1, • ,:.'••11 . - 'lll4WiaN' --; - N r ..- 0 3 " .A " cr: - 4 • * O.. - I' i p : - 1) •rr •"-=- - -- `1" 00, PRICE ..4d. STAMPED ....sd. graphic communication which is to connect us with India, and eventually with China and Australia, begins with the Mediterranean cable, or that which runs between Malta and Alexandria, of the length of 1,550 miles. This has proved the most success ful of all the long submarine cables, yet it has snapped three times in three years, producing an interruption of communication of 137 days by the admission of its own engineer. The tneie first cost of this cable is said to have been £400,000. Next comes the no'orious It , el Sea cable. The cost of this was .£BOO,OOO, and the Government has gua ranteed on that capital an interest of 11 per cent, down to the year of our Lord 1908. This c.ible ha proved a total failure, but we, our children, and our grandchildren wilt have to pay for the failure the yearly sum of £36,000! We come, then, to the Persian Gulf cable, which was to have completed the communication, land and sea, between England and our Indian dominions. We do not know what it cost, but in the estimated accounts for the Home Government of India for 1834 we find it credited with the handsome sum of £306,000. It gave on the 24th of July last, and up to this day has not been in operation. The cable, indeed, is said not to be worth repairing, and the construc tion of an improved one is in contemplation. Sir Charles Bright, its engineer, and one of the con troversialists in the :limes, ought to have told us all this when he was holding np the hope of a tele• graph to the Antipodes in three years! THE " SPECTATOR" ON ADOPTED CHILDREN.—There is a certain absurdity which was going the round last week of the lady who asked a Board of Guardians for " a child only two years old, with blue eyes, and light hair, and a complete orphan." Ono felt that the demand had been dictated rather by atintiment that by, eiiiaine that the child was selected on the same principles as a doll might have been, bat the anecdote indicated a curious defi• ciency in our law. The practice of adoption, eo frequent in the Roman and the modern Asiatic world, allowed by all German laws, sanctioned by the Code Napoleon, has never received in England any kind of legal recog nition. It is not opposed to our manners, is rather approved by opinion, and is among the philanthropic an incident of very frequent occurrence, but the law takes no notice of it, provides no ceremonial for recerding it, and imposes no obligations upon those who attempt it. Yet it would be difficult to suggest a practice which might be prot:uctive of more general benefit to a society which like our own is unfavourable to marriage, which throws the time further and further back in every generation, and which allows in the same family excessive ihequalities of fortune. There are thousands of old maids among us, well to do and excellent, to whom the privilege would bring a new zest to their lives, new interests, and new occupation, thousands of widowers whose lives are passed in a sort of unwilling solitude, thou sands of married homes where the only thing wanting to life is the sound of childrens' voices. There seems no rea son, natural or artificial, why a void due chiefly to the ac tion of an imperfect social system should not by that system be filled up. Adoption of a kind is indeed already much more frequent than the public imag;ne. Let any one of our readers look round his acquaintance, and he will find cases where children loft unprovided for have been brought up by rela- tions, friends, and even strangers, with a kindness which makes their circle at last almost forget that the children are not their own. Indeed, the complete succsss of such ar rangements sometimes suggests a doubt whether " natural feeling" is quite so strong an instinct as it is the fashion to assume, whether it is not the relationship of intercourse which begets family affection rather than that of blood, whether a child does not love its mother as much from its reliance upon her as from any natural instinct beyond its own control. Children love nu►ses more than their mothers very often indeed, and the poetry thrown by all races round the relationship of foster-mother has a justification in fact. Frequent as the incident is, h,wever, the law throws dig- &tides in the way of a very positive kind. The ado] child, for example, does not inherit unless through a tionship other than the adoption, which very selelOm;*itil7 The tendency is of course to adopt relatives, btu tiey will as often be the wife's as the husband's, andiptlititt case the legacy duties are as heavy as if thlAfoirted were utter strangers. So with the most just and . ex'pedient of all forms of adoption—the recognitionof a naauf Illegitimate child, which though provided for in everWher country of Europe, even in Calvinistic Scotland, is inj.*lFand left without any legal sanc tion whatever. I:ll4.facy difficulty may be met by settle ments, but people irelinwilling to settle moveable property even on their own children,—it impairs too much the pleasant sense of possession and of choice. A still more serious impedituct4 is the difficulty or rather impossibility of terminating the 7riffts . oftte real parents. The natural parents can always reclaim their offspring, at least up to the age of discretion, and we know of a case where that power was sacrificed for their adopted children as much as for their own. The lady who asked for a " complete orphan" probably dreaded contact with vulgar or evil relatives, but the fear that all care may be thrown away by a sudden demand for the child's restoration greatly dimi nishes the practice. THE "SATUIIDAY REVIEW" ON PHOGRESS.—As every thing is done by association in our days,so there are compa nies of thinkers, in perhaps a new sense—people who club their ideas and throw them into a common stock, not on ac count of their identity of thought or aim, but as if with view of realising the magic of numbers, the strength of an imposing title, and of a united front egainst a common foe. One of these companies has taken to itself the striking title of Advanced Thinkers, with the motto " Excelsior," and shows us what wonders can be effected by a name, not only on those who hear it, but on its self-elected possessors— especially if those who use it do not know its meaning, as is the case both Mr Longfellow and the Advanced Thinkers, who ought to be, like Saul, taller than his neighbours. The sense of fellowship arising from a common badge end title, the concerted action against established ideas, seems to in duce in them a feeling of advance, of general successful movement, which it would have been impossible for the most sanguine member to entertain as a private solitary thinker, and which is so far unreasonable that not one brother of the community holds positively with another, or believes in his panacea. As members of the company, these men talk as though they expected some fundamental radical change in human nature, and as if this change were already at work; and they can so manage books and figures that their accounts shall seem to prove it; only we observe that the view is not an actuating one, and that, in their private capacity, they have no more faith in men than the rest of thew°, ld. So we conclude that the theory needs an association for its full development, with a ma chinery of commissions and reports; for no man of any school, looking aboirt him in a humble retail sort of way, can make his conclusions fit in with theirs. We do not positively deny the facts or deductions of the grand scale, but we are unable to reconcile them with our personal ex periences, and we fail to perceive that the members of the fraternity aro more successful in this than ourselves. It is a strange thing, if we think of ft, that the world should have reached this time of day, and that it shou'd be matter of dispute whether it is immeasurably better or immeasur ably worse than when history first reveals it to us—the disputants not being wholly at variance as to what is better or worse. It really depends on a few points, not of the essence of the question, whether wen pronounce the world they live in to be miserably degenerate and vicious beyond all former precedent, or a scene of perpetual improvement— of fair performance, and yet fairer hopes. And it is, perhaps, equally strange to the neutral looker-on that the feelings of a partisan of either faction towards such specimens of the world in dispute as come immediately before him should be so little influenced by his theory, or influenced, if at all, by a rule of contra ry. The asserter of progress has apparently arrived at his favourable conclusions in spite of his face-to-face intercourse with mankind, and of a sour, critical tendency that renders ordinary acquaintance dis tasteful; while the mourner over the world's degeneracy is as likely as not to be a good fellow of the genial sort, who gets on with everybody he meets, and is generally pleased with his company. And this paradox presents itself so often that we come to expect that every proclaimer of the world's perfectibility will despise most people, and hate some one or two with a particular rancour; while the favourite of society, and the man who enjoys himself in it, is pretty sure to be one who sighs for the good old times, and finds nothing in the moderns to compare with the giants of the past. Dr Johnson, who lived in an age of good fellows, had occasion to quarrel with this universal tendency to exalt the past. "I am always angry when I hear ancient times praised at the expense of modern ones," he says—a sentiment that might almost consti tute him a prospective member of the band of associate thiukors, but that his grounds for his op nion would not satisfy their more confident claims, and would reduce him to neutrality in the contest. " There is more learning in the world than there was formerly," he goes on to say, "for it is more universally diffused, We may not have a Bentley or a Newton, but more men know Greek and Latin and mathematics than formerly." Thus he believed in great men of the past, though not in the past's general superiority, and would have had something to say, we doubt not, to Mr Emerson's view that the world has not yet seen a Man, and that it rent, ins for the New World to produce him. II w ever, this anticipation of a pre-eminent and model man is not a necessary part of the new hopes. The advanced thinkers seem to look rather to a gradual assimilation, to end in universal equality. There is to be no Saul in the future towering above his fellows, for the whole host are to reach Saul's stature. They aro ready, in fact, to meet their opponents with the admission that progress is fast doing away with great men. There will be no more philosophers of world-wide fame, because all men will be Aristotles and Bacons; there will be no more learned men, because all will surpass Bentley and Newton. We shall call no man saint, because all will have passed cur present standard of saiutship. If we THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 31, 1864. g:PURNI EUItE, CARPETS, BEDDING, and FLOORCLOTII, CARRIAGE-FREE to any house in the kingdom, regardless of amount or distance. First. class goods at second-class prices. Terms peculiarly liberal to Clergymen and Gentlemen. An immense stock to select from, displayed in Showrcoms occupying en acre of ground. Every article warranted. CLERGYMEN and GENTLEMEN ABOUT TO FUR NISH are respectfully informed that Messrs. Cobbett and Co. are publishing - an entirely New Edition of their un equalled HOUSE FURNISHING GUIDE, illustrated byllo .dm , -able engravings of every description of Furniture and A:cc:steads, with prices attached. A copy sent gi atls and post-free on application. This costly work also contains complete estimates for furnishing on the following revised _ _ _ A Six-roomed Parsonsge Au Eight-roomed ditto A Ten-rolmed ditto A Twelve-roomed ditto Together with a Price List of purified Bedding - , sad a mass of valuable inforivationto all requiring househ 31d furniture, 'arpets, or bedding. References kindly permitted to Clergy men and gentlemen in or near Great Malvern, Southampton, Chichester, Bury, Ely, Preston, Grimsby, Ityde, Plymouth, Wells, Oxford. Brighton, Gainsborongh, Margate. Kidder minster, Wellington. Croydon. 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The Dye is sold at 3s. 6d ,or sent free for 54 stamps. It is most easy of tre. HAIR DESTROYER —248, High Holborn, London.—ALEX. ROSS'S DEPILATORY removes, without effect to the sion, superfluous hair from the face, neck, and arms. Is. tid.; sent the same day as ordered by post for 51 stamps. SPANISH FLY is the acting ingredient in ALEX. ROSS'S CANTHARIDES 0 IL, which Fpeedily produces whiskers and thickens hair. 3s. 6d.; sent free for 54 stumps.—ALES. ROSS, 218, High Holborn, London. Essay )n Hair, Id. PIMPLE REMOVER.--All diseases of the skin are improved by one dose of ALEX. ROSS'S VEGE TABLE SKIN PILL. They remove redness, sallowness tte 2s. 9d.; by post for 40 st tmps.—ALEX. ROSS, 248, High llolborn, Lonaon. ALEX. ROSS'S FACE POWDER, ls.; sent for 14 stamps ; Eye Colour, 3s. fd., or 54 stamps. Skin tonic produces a transcendent complexion, 45., or t*.o stamps. Bloom of Roses, 3s. 6d., or 51 stamps —ALEX. ROSS, 218, High Holborn, London. BUSINESSES. -Mr. ANDREW HIND'S NOVEMBER LIST, Containing 500 Businesses, Premises, Partnerships, &e., Gratis. Letters, enclose stamp.—Particulars entered free. OFFICES—CORNER OF LITTLE CARTER-LANE, ST. PAUL'S. CAPITAL INVESTMENT, nearly eqoal to F ItEEIIOLD.—M r. ANDREW HIND has for disposal a PUBLIC-HOUSE, with Tlouse and Shop adjoining, near Southampton, produ - ing £75 per annum ; t nants paying all taxes ; value ot property in the neighbourhood rapidly in creasing; hid for a term ot 999 years at a ground-rent of £10; lowest price £Boo. Further particuttrs and cards to view, at the Estate Agency Of f ices, corner of Little Carter lane, St. Paul's. MEET H. -IMPROVED MECHANICAL DENTIS TRY.—Professional abilities and great artistic skill have been most successfully combined In the proluction of ARTIFICIAL TEETH, upon a new principle. 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Pamphlets and test:- mon'als tree on a plication. Agent for Edinbirgh—Mr. John M'Kay, chemist, 119, George-street. ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road, in the immediate vicinity of the Great Northern Rail way Terminus, King's-cross. Patron—Her Most Gracious Majesty the QUEEN. Vice-Patron—His Royal llighness the Prince of WALE President—His Grace the Duke of BUCCLEUCIL K.G. Treasurer—Edward Mastcrman, Esq. _ - - - The numerous and urgent appeals of the si:k poor for ad mission compel the Committee to entreat the bounty of the affluent and humane, as the medical officers are daily obliged t) treat as out-patients many distressing cases which, with more adequate funds, they would gladly admit into the wards. The premises of the Hospital are capable of containing 500 beds. The Hospital is not endowed, but is wholly dependent on voluntary contributions and legacies, which are received by the Treasurer, Edward Mas rerman, Esq., Nicholas-lane; also by Messrs. Coutts and Co.; Drummond and Co. ; Herries and Co. ; Ransom and Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co. ; Smith, Payne, and Co. ; Giyn and Co. ; Jones Loyd and Co. ; Barclay and Co. ; Denison and Co. ; , lliams, Deacon, and Co.; Overend, Gurney, and Co. ; Nisbet and Co., Berners-street ; Masterman and Co. ; I. Barned and Co., Liverpool ; and at the Hospital. from 10 till 5. STANFORD S. SMITH Secretary. DEATH OF MR. JOHN LEECH. Suddenly there is a great blank among ns, and the shadow of a great darkness , One of our dearest and most delightful companions, one whom not only we, but also all whose eyes will rest upon these columns, must think of as in some sort a cherished companion, is taken from us, John Leech, known to the puKc es one of the most kindly and the moat graceful humonris's that ever lived, known to his friends for a peculiar gentleness and refinement of character that at first sight seemed as it were in opposition to the robustnese of his judgment, and therefore took many people by surprise, died on Saturday evening at 7 o'clock. The death of Garrick was said to have eclipsed the gaiety of nations, and the death of Mr Leech will touch many more hearts both of this and other nations, than Garrick ever reached. Although he looked strong, he had been long a suffererer, and complained of sleeplessness; his incessant brainwork induced a peculiar irrita bility with which meat persons have a terdency to jest rather than to sympathise. He was much effected by noise, and was literally driven from his house in Brunswick-coiner° by street music. He hoped to get peace at K ens ington, especially as he shut them out by the device of double windows; but he had no peace, and in addition to the torment of the organs he came to be afflicted at early dawn by the hammer of some small mechanic. His friends ' • • made s lig_hc.of it , trie_djo jest with him. " You may laugh," he would say, "but I assure you it will kill me." He was so unwell that during this last summer he was obliged to go abroad, and he was forbidden to indulge in his favourite exer cise of riding on horseback. He came back better in the autumn, but still he was strangely susceptible to noise, and only than a fortnight ago he spoke with more than his usual earnestness, with something even of passionate entreaty in his tones about the suffering which the street organs gave him, and about the smallness of the sympathy which he received from people who have to work their brains in a mere routine. At last his sufferings have come to an end, and if any of his friends were inclined to treat them as imaginary they will now be convinced. It is not a year since he stood in tears by the grave of his schoolfellow, Thackeray, and now his friends will follow him, too, to his long home. They were schoolfellows together, they were fellow-workers together in Punch; both had something even of womanly gentleness intermingled with the strength of their characters; and both were in their styles of working classical. Although Mr Leech lived to be 47 years of age, the record of his life is short and simple. He was born in London in 1817, and was educated at the Charterhouse. He left school to study medicine, and had made considerable progress in that direc- tioa before he discovered what was to be his true path in life. His first sketch in Punch, entitled "Foreign Affairs," appeared in the first week of August, 1841, and thenceforward the history of his lite is to be seen week by week in the pages of that popular periodical. No doubt, he was otherwise engaged also. He illustrated almanacs and novels, books of travel and poems. A Christmas time with out two dozen sketches by Leech, full of the most graceful and delicate humour, would be a strange Christmas indeed, a Christmas which might as well be without holly and mistletoe, dancing and good cheer. He always took great pains as Christmas drew nigh, and year by year seemed to surpass himself in delicacies of touch, and in the charm of his humour. But it was through the weekly pages o' Punch, far more than through the yearly almanac, that Mr Leech was best known to the public; and his life is there reflected. He goes to France and draws aFrench scene, to Scotlitnd auddraws a Scotch one. Then his experieno. , , of our litooial pictures of balls, dinner parties, mess-rooms, bache lors' chambers, Rotten-row, gardens, parks, streets, watering places, shooting parties, hunting fields, boating, fishing, and we know act what else, make up such a history of his time as to the future historian will be invaluable. The fashion of the day, the passion of the hour is reflected on his page as in a photograph. And while we have thus in his sketches a curiously complete history of certain phases of this Victorian era, we have also in them a picture and a chronicle of the artist's own life, Anyone, without knowing Mr Leech personally, can detect in these sketches the work of a keen sighted, hearty sort of man, healthy and broad in his sympathies, full of fun, but still more charmed with grace, and sensitive to beauty, fond of chil dren, fond of dwelling on all y outhful beauty, fond of beautiful dogs and horses, but above all things of truth and nature. We have said that he was classical in his style of working. One cannot well speak of the ridiculous in itself as classical ; and much of Mr Leech's work concerned the ridiculous. But in him the sense of the grotesque and the love of satire was never allowed to interfere with, much less to over-ride, his attraction to whatever was beautiful and true. There never was a caricaturist who was so little of a ca• ricaturist ; who would gi ite the truth of nature on so many different sides, and seemed at the same time to have so quick an eye for whatever is lovely in nature. Ile drew with equal ease a fine lady and a crossing-sweeper —and on the same page he would bewitch the reader of Punch with the loveliest of little maidens, and provoke him with the vnlgarest of upstarts. And h 3 was always seeing and drawing something new. Suddenly we should be astonished with some sea-piece in which the billows were ren dered with wonderful skill. Or we had some monn- tain scenery, or a glade in a wood, or ploughed fields, or standing corn. He never stood still. When we wondered what should come next, we had some rare sky, some curious effect of light. And all this display of scenery was the mere background to views in which men, and women, and children were the chief objects of interest. All seemed to flow from his pencil so easily that people scarcely enough understood how hard he worked. He must have worked very hard to produce so much variety in constant succession week after week for more than 20 years. He died, too, in harness, working to the last, and working, indeed, beyond his strength. With cha racteristic generosity he made unusual exertions in aid of his relatives, and his labours were latterly more severe than they need have been if he had had only to think of himself and his household. These anxieties and exertions have at length struck him down—and who is there to fill his place ? A good, great man, of fine and rare genius, has gone from among us,and we shall not know how much he was to us until we discover by his loss that nature does not often produce such artists as John Leech. One of our greatest artists, Sir Edwin Landseer, has said that there is scarcely a sketch of Mr. Leech's which is not worthy to be framed by itself and hung on our walls. Other artists are equally strong in his praise. No man envied him. The public at large think more of the human interest that belongs to his drawings and the amusement which may be de rived from them. But, over and above all this, they have qualities which, notwithstanding the lowli ness of the material employed, will hereafter confer on Mr. Leech's sketches a very high renown as works of art. To these few observations we append the follow ing letter, which will have a sad interest at the present moment. When Mr. Bass proposed to bring a bill into Parliament relating to street music he received a number of letters from various persons who wished him success. He published these letters, and among them wo find the following. We will only add that, though Mr. Leech suffered much, his life was not supposed to be in immediate danger. He went out to consult Dr. Quain on Friday, and there was a child's party in his home at the time of his death : " Punch Office, 85, Fleet-street, 231 May, 1861. " venture upon what might possibly be consi• dered an impertinence, were not the subject of my note o 1 public interest. 4 ' I am so greatly interested iu the success of your mea• sure for the regulation of street music that I am desirous of strengthening your hands by putting you in possession of some facts within my knowledge. I formerly lived in Gor don-street, Gordon-square, but was compelled to quit Lon don to escape the distressing consequences of street music, although Gordon_street was comparatively a quiet locality. A dear friend of mine, and one to whom the public has been indebted for 20 years for weekly supplies of innocent amuse ment, and whose name will find a place in the future history of Art, has not been se fortunate. He lived in Brunswick. square, and remained there until the nervous system Wad so seriously affected by the continual disturbance to which he was subjected while at work that he was compelled to abandon a most desirable home and seek a retreat at Ken sington. After expending considerable sums to make his present residence convenient for his art work—placing double windows to the front of his house, &c., he is again driven from his home by the continual visitation of street bands and organ grinders. The effect upon his health pro duced—on my honour, by the causes I have named—is so serious that ha is forbidden to take horse exercise, or indulge in fast walking, as a palpitation of the heart has been pro duced—a form of angina pectoris, I believe—and his friends are most anxiously concerned for his safety. He is ordered to Homburg, and I know that the expatriation will entail a loss of nearly £5O a week upon him just at present. lam sure I need not withhold from you the name of this poor 1 gentleman—it is Mr John Leech. " If those gentlemen who !augh at complaints such as this letter contains were to know what are the natural penalties of constant brain work, they would not encourage or defend such unnecessary inflictions as street music entails upon some of the benefactors of their age. Such men are the last to interfere with the enjoyments of their poorer fel low-labourers, but they claim to be allowed to pursue their calling in peace, and to have the comfort of their. homes secured to them, All they ask is to have the semi, thnk= nity from the annoyances of street mnsic as the resit of the community have from dustmen's bells, post-horns, and other unnecessary disturbance. The objection to street noises is not a matter of taste. It involves the progress of hornet labour and the avoidance of great mental affliction. "Apologising for the liberty I have taken, " Believe me, yours faithfully, "iM. T, Bass, Esq., M.P." " MARK LEMON. BED .ROOM CANDLES. “pRICE'S CANDLES, which will not drop crease when carried.”—Thin, very hard candles, sole in b:.xes is. and 3s. eich, are recommende I as the best cArriers. " EXTRA HARD 5.12 CHAMBER CANDLES," sold in boss 2s. each. Thicker c.lndles intended for those who will not btirn thin. " SHERWOOD ECONOMIC BED LIGHTS," in packets of 36 candles for one shilling, intended for use where cheapness is a great object, will be found an improve ment on the ordinary candles, as they gutter less. Special candle ticks io fit thin candles, ls. and 2s. 6d each ; reducing sockets, making them fit any candlesticks, 2d. each. TOIL ET SOAPS. Sherwood Brown Windsor Soap, with a pleasant scent. Belmont Glycerine Soap, contains Price's Glycerine. Camphor and Glycerine Soap, fo tender skins in winter. GLYCERINE. SII ERWOODOLE " Price's Glycerine" may be Cleans gloves and removes had from any Chemist, in grease and other stains. capsuled bottles, lettered Perfumed, in capsuled bot " Price's Patent," from Gd. I ties, Gd. and ls. each. upwards. Impure Glycerine has been sold Pm the state ment that it is "equal to Prices." Retail throuh any Grocer. Wholesale by Pelle s Patent Ca►,dle Company:(Limited), London. The Tunnel through the Alps, Before the tunnel of Mont Cenis was undertaken, the most daring engineers did not venture on the construction of a tunnel one-fifth of its leegth ; and they were espe cially careful, by vertical shafts, to provide for venti lation. It was considered that, without such a precaution, even the tunnels then executed would be, at least, highly injurious to human life. Yet not only will the Alpine tunnel Le of very great length, but ventila tion by vertical shafts is ont of the question, on account of the enormous height of the mountains above. Ordinary tunnels are excavated simultaneously in various parts. Such a mode of proceeding was impossible in this case, and for the same reason that ventilation cannot be obtained by means of vertical shafts—the altitude of the mass above. Hence if the boring were effected in the usual way, the work would be exceedingly tedious; it could not be completed in less than 36 years, on account of the imperfect ventilation, and the limited number of men that could be employed upon it. These difficulties have been overcome. Air, compressed by water power,-obtained at each extremity, is driven through tubes to the farthest portions of the excavations ; and thus, not only is pure air supplied in abundance, but motive power is conveyed to the very place where the drills are at work. At the northern side there are twelve of these drills, mounted in a strong moveable frame; at the southern, somewhat fewer. Each of them revolves as it strikes the rock, the effect being produced both by tapping and boring. Each system of drills can be applied to the face of the rock at any desired place. They form an opening ten feet wide and ten feet deep ; this is enlarged to the proper size by the workmen, after which the walls and vault are constructed. The work proceeds at about a yard a day at each end—that is about twice as fast as if carried on by manual labour alone. At this rate, twelve years will be required for its completion ; but it is expected so to accelerate it, after a while, that i , will be finished in seven. About 1,700 yards are already executed on the French side, about 1,250 on the Italian. It may w2ll be supposed that to advance with such accu racy, that the two portions of the tunnel may at last exactly m: et, is a matter rtquiring great care and ingenuity. In stances bave occurred, with comparatively short tunnels, in which the excavators have passed each other by. This would be a very serious thing in the present case, but it is rendered impossible by extremely stmple means. A lamp is placed in the centre of the rock at the inner extremity of the excavation, and signal posts in the proper direction on the mountain above. The tunnel is known to run in exactly the required direction when the lamp and the posts are shown by a theodolite to be in the same vertical plane; that is, when the signal posts are seen if the instrument is raised, and the lamp if it is depressed—the motion being, so to speak, in a truly perpendicular direction. When the work is completed the Alps will be passed in half au hour. Cosa , ' il(fotrated Family Paper, SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. THE "LONDON REVIEW" ON THE EARLDOM OF WICKLOW.—The reverses of fortune are not to be compared to those which men bring upon them selves by their vices. If chance makes them pennie less, they have still left their energies and their self-respect. They can battle against the world, though they are obliged to put off most of its corn forts, and can feel, even if they sink in the struggle, that they have fought their light well, though not successfully. It is otherwise when men involve themselves in ruin by wanton folly or the indulge. ence of degrading propensities. In 4 the life of such a man there is nothing to respect. We would rather blot out all trace of him, and forget, when he has gone his way, that such a being ever cum bered the ground. Ho has been an enemy to him. self and to all who have come within his influence; as well to those who have ministered to his vices as to those who have suffered by them. He has been a disgrace to his name and a scandal to the world. And yet it may be that, with all this, the source of his errors has not been so much an original baseness as a softness of temper, an absence of the sense of responsibility, vacuity of intellect, and exemption from the necessity of labour. If the uses of adversity are not precisely sweet they are for the most pare wholesome. There is an energy within us which some way or other must be em ployed. We may appease it by healthy toil of any kind, or we may deaden its cravings by the indul gence of our passions. Wise men take the one course, fools the other. Yet the fool's vices may have had their origin in nothing worse than weakness, which the necessity of labour might have fostered into strength. If, in his last moments, the unfortunate man who died last week in a brothel i❑ one of the lowest slums in the neighbourhood of Dublin could have contrasted his death-bed and its surroundings with his social state, his opportunities and expecta tions, he might have cursed the hour which brought him into the world with the certainty of most of these advantages, and with the strong possibility of enjoying all of them. If one could designate before one's birth in what position in life we should be born, it would not show a deficiency of judg ment to resolve on coming into the world as did the late William George Howard. Many years before his death he was presumptive heir to the earldom of Wicklow; and though, if a man had the right to select to which out of a dozen earldoms he would like to succeed, it would not be difficult to cheese a more attractive one than that of NVicklow, it must bo admitted Captain Howard's prospect of succession was not to be looked 6osrn upon. He was, to say the least, nobly born. It the revenues which he had the strong probability of inheriting were not immense, they were sufficient to arable him to raise very large sums of money from the Jews. When, some years ago, he came before the Insolvent Court, his debts were stated at little. if anything, less than £lOO,OOO. And this enormous sum had been raised upon post•obit bonds. Yet in the history of this man we find not a single trace of any feeling that he owed to himself or to others the duty of living decently for a single day. His associates were the lowest of the low, the vilest of the vile. In the peerage he ranked as heir to an earldom. In society the most abandoned and despicable knew him and saluted him as "Billy." And when last week he bade farewell to the world he had scandilised, the historian of his last hours was an " unfortunate" in whose arms he expired. In such miserable companionship did the heir to the ' earldom of Wicklow breathe his last—in the prime of manhood, with hostages given to fortune, in a wife who had borne him one child and was about to bear him another. It would appear that, as if led by the instincts which had debased him from his early youth, he had left the roof which sheltered wife and child to close his days in a manner more befitting his antecedents than their society. He had known the woman in whose house he died for eleven months, and on the Tuesday week before his death he took up his quarters with her. It is a dreary narrative that we now learn from her lips. He told her he had been ill. He complained of cramps and diarrbaei, but would neither see a medi cal man nor take medicine. He would take whisky ; and day after day he lay in bed drinking whisky— sometimes a quart a day; and, when he found that whisky did him no good, drinking brandy. During the ten days preceding his death, he appears only to have eaten one egg and one chop, but not to have retained either on his stomach. Day after day his cry was the same—" whisky." And so drifting out to sea, the wretched man spent his last hour, till on Wednesday week he became delirious, craving to his last breath for drink. "He continued wandering and delirious," says the unfortunate who attended him, " up to the time of his death. It was at half-past ten o'clock, and he had been asking me to lift him out of bed all day. I had promised to raise him up, and when I caught his hand to raise him he said, Don't catch me•' I then put my hand behind his back, but he said let me lie down, and he fell back. I then heard something in his throat, but I did not think he was dying. He died then, but I did not know he was dead. I asked him to speak to me, but he did not, for he was dead." So passed the scion of a noble house. Had he been born the son of one of its labourers, he might have had a better chance for the life of soul and body than fell to him as the heir to its hononrs and re venues. Malicious he was not, nor an intriguer, nor brutal, nor daring in iniquity, nor strongly wicked. He was weak. _ Empty of brain, soft of disposition, easily manipulated by the vicious, and in his feebleness the most notably vicious of them all. Poverty might have compelled him to labour. He was born rich, and his rank overwhelmed him. He possessed the means to distinguish or debase himself. And of the two ambitions he chose the latter. THE " EXAMINER" ON SUBMARINE CABLES.-- Long submarine electric cables began six years ago with the Atlantic cable. This extended to rather more than 2,000 miles, with unequal depths, vary. ing from the height of an Irish round tower to that of the peak of Teneriffe. It held together just long enough to allow her Majesty the Queen of England and the President of the then United, now the dis united, States to exchange compliments, and to enable the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland to make a knight of its engineer. It cost £600,000, and of the project as at present under renewal the cost is estimated at a sum of £700,000. Government binds itself to guarantee a dividend of 8 per cent on the capital, " upon the completion and working of the cable." How these very vague words may be con strued by lawyers we know not. If, for example, the cable, which is of double the strength and size of its predecessor, should work well for a whole month and then snap and perish like its predecessor, would the guarantee be effective? If it would, the public will be burdened with an annual and per. petual charge of £56,000 per annum. But the guarantee would seem to apply equally to the sum laid out on the first cable, for it is dated 1857, that is, before this was laid, and in this case the annual burden to the State in perpetuity, and no benefit received, would amount to £104,000 ! The tele- R r0T.7 . 41 - V, ev _ _ prefer our own age to live in be e.stuy other.,44,v, that all the appliances and discoveries okoni*ltiy weVe. be intolerably missed if wo were remora* from-4henf are forced to grant, too, that in every past period we know of we should find a lower tone of general public opinion than that which prevails now—still we must all allow that there is such a thing as progress, that society in some way improves with time, that not only in science, but also in social morals, home steps are gained as years roll by, and that these steps, once gained, are permanent acquisitions. Whether it be so or not, we cannot believe it otherwise. We can neither believe that, having learnt the power of steam, men will go back to pack-horses, nor that the moral social enlightenment which they have new reached will ever relapse into degradation and barbarism ; and to call the the world wiser and better than it was is, we suppose, in a certain sense, to allow that the men and women who compose it are wis=er and better. Thus we are all disciples of progress ; we are so because, in this sense, it is imposslle for men to be otherwise. Nevertheless there is something irritating, and prompting to instinctive contradiction, in the assumptions of "advanced thinkers" on this head. They arc for ever saying with the boastful Ct.pancus, "We are much better than our fishers,'— Etr more than heirs of all cur parents' fame, Our glories darken their diminished Lane— " the children of cur day know more than the E gcs of the past," and so on. Uuder such talk, and even under cur own aindssions, we know that a fallacy lurl.s, it they are intended to mean that the old boundaries of human nature the old capacities fir human wisdom and greatness, are ex tended by the course of acquisitiGn and discovery. It is not knowledge, but thought, which snakes the wise man. Just as the children who know so much are very common place children still with all their knowledge, so the sages who were ignorant of most of the things they know were sages still. Nor, for that matter, can we see that the diffusion of useful knowledge, railways, and elec tricity, and the penny post, would have made them much wiser in the line in whieh . we now look up to and revere them, and still accept them as teachers and exponents. They found their way to the heart of things; they could look as far as we; their imagination could, to say the least, take as long flights ; they could think, and feel, and talk, and play the man with any of their descendants, let the world last as long as it may. They left names which will never be sur passed ; and this is eo universally granted that, to the great Jnajority of men even to those who tsAkaugliztx?gress, it vatild be a Fke comp great men who have been. Extravagance is never felt to have so utterly exceeded bounds as when the hero of the hour is compared with some hero of the past, looking out on us from the far misty distance. Even the boasters have their moments of depression and compulsory homage, like the French sculptor who, after proving to demonstra tion that his horses were in every respect—in beauty of form, in anatomy, in arrangement—immeasurably superior to the group of Lysippus, broke in upon his elope in a passion of unwilling candour, " lifais it faut avcuer—it must be granted that those ugly brutes are living and mine are dead." Their own heroes they patronise as their own creation, but what has stood the test of ages and achieved an enduring name they know to be another sort of thing altogether. However, involuntary candour is a frequeat visitant to no one, and certainly one cause of the optimist's exaltation of the present is a defective apprehension of past merit; they are too much occupied with themselves and their own views to realise the difficulties and the achievements t f pre.. vious, and especially remote, times. To such men as Theodore Parker all the thinkers of Christian times before the Reformation are merely puerile "shabby Africans," and the like. It matters not that these Africans gave the cue to ages of thought; they fasten on some weak point, which is never hard to • find, draw comparisons between what they know and what the others were ignorant of, and conclude that every tiro of the present day who is well up in its commonplaces excels St. Austin, not only in know ledge, but in grasp and largeness of mind—is morally and intellectually above him. And if, in some points, they cannot prove any advance at all over the past—if th 3 noblest poetry, the grandest architecture, the art of exe preesion in its heroic perfection, is not to be found, is scarcely pretended to in our time—these are things which "advanced thinkers" do not care for, take no account of, and consider W 3 have outlived." Board of Trade Returns. _ official returns relating to trade and naviga ,..',.* or the nine months ended the 30th September just been published, From these it appears the I declared value of the exports from the Unitecr — Ttinf,Ydom was £123,404,161 egainst 1.:104,294 - ,YI - 3:on the like period of 1863, showing an increase of 419,109;448, the increase is most perceptible in coals and culm, cotton yarn, cotton manufactures, earthenware, haberdashery and millinery, hardwares and cutlery, linen menu facteres, machinery, sheep and lambs' wool and woollen manufactures. The importation of the princpal articles were larger as regards raw cot ton, sheep and lambs' wool, fit; quicksilver, ecffce, bra Nil; t *ccei tend witte e rTiiistoe4ool4)pen asaislit n u ion, hdtv'ever, _ i srfitiTtsille,` tallow, cocoa, wheat, bailey, itnics74-4;'," neftea. The shipping accounts eAiliit'.;!stA, ! f rease in the amount of tonnage employed in the fo-Lt: ."treatt4t, the United Kingdom for the entries inwards, as also for the clearances outwards. Iu the coasting, trade, however, for the same period, there Las been a slight decrease in the tonnage engaged for both the entries inwards and the clearances outwards. The Lord Mayor and the Charing-cross Railway. At the Lord Mayor's C;Tirt on Saturday, before Mr Kerslake, Q.C., as assessor, and a special jury, a compensa tion case which has been pending some time, Lawrence and others v. the Charing-cress Railway Company, was heard and occupied the whole day. Mr Bovill, Q.C,, and Mr H. Lloyd were counsel for the Lord Mayor, and Mr Lloyd, with whom was Mr Shiel, represented the company. The claim was for two houses, Nos. 5 and 6, Cannon-street, near Turnwheel lane, which were built in 1852 by Mr Al derman Lawrence, and let respectively at £350 and £450. One was leased to Baron Rothshild and would expire in 1866,the other to a public company, and would expire in 1874. The principal question raised was the value of the rever sion. All the witnesses admitted that property in the City of London had greatly increased in value within the last few years. It had "enormously" risen in price within the "commercial area," and a question was mooted whether the houses were within that area. Several witnesses de scribed the houses as worth respectively £650 and £B5O a year. One was at the corner of Turnwheel-lane. On the part of Mr. Alderman Lawrence the property was valued at upwards of £30,000, the highest sum being nearly L 30,700. On the other hand, for the company the valuers estimated the worth of the two houses from £21,000 to £21,6)0, including the usual 10 per cent. for a compulsory sale. Mr. Hyde;the surveyor or the Charing-cross Railway, said he 110 purchased property for the South-Eastetn and the Charing cross Railway to nearly £3,000,000, He considered that £21,641 was a liberal price for the property in question. In a letter which was -read to the jury, addressed to the Lord Mayor, Mr. Ryde said that in order to settle the matter and on account of the "uncertain view which juries took of pro perty in the city of London," he offered a sum of £23,000. The Lord Mayor, in answer, said that was not a fair value for the increase in the price of property, and he would sub mit the case to a jury. Mr Lloyd entreated the jury not to be led away to give an extravagant sum. His experience, connected as he was with railway companies, as to compen sation claims, was a painful one. Enormous sums had been. demanded, and if property was to increase in value as it had within the last few years, there were trades that could not be carried on within the city, as they could not give the rent demanded, His opinion was, that property had now reached its culminating point in the city—it had attained its apex, and it must go down. He (Mr Lloyd) thought that at the present time, when money was fetching S and 9 per cent., a gentleman would be glad to receive his money. Juries had been in the habit of giving 10 per cent, to cover any difficulty as to investment, but new there was a demand for money, and large interest was to be obtained. He prayed the jury not to give an extravagant price. A. very fair offer of £23,000 had been made to avoid the present litiga tion, which was an expensive affair, but upwards of £30,000 had been demanded. Mr Bovill ridiculed the view taken by Mr Lloyd, as to the culminating point in the value of pro perty and the means of investment at the present time. The value given had been attained in the last 10 years, and was increasing. It showed the great wealth of England, and the large sums made by commerce, The question was not what was to be obtained for money at a month or so, which might be 8 or 9 per cent., but what it would yield as a permanent investment in the funds, which would be from 3 to 31 per cent. The learned assessor, in placing the case before the jury, contrasted the evidence given on both sides, and told them that tin question was, what was a fair and liberal compensation for the property. There was nothing in the Act as to 10 per cent, being given fora compulsory sate. It had been the practice for juries to do so, and it was for them to give the amount or any other sum. They had heard of the offer made by the company and the sum demanded—they Led heard of the value put on it by respectable men on both sides, from £29,000 and some hundreds to £30,700, and on the other side to £21,000 and upwards. The jury retired, and on their return assessed the value at £15,100, loci uding 100 for fixtures. ZA call of £2 lOs pz.: share has been made by the directors of the City Offices Company. An accident occu rre d at the Theatre of Nirmes (Gard) a few evening s s i nce, d ur i ng t h e performance of the " Pirates de la S avane. " An actor w ho was performing the part of Rib er i o arr i ved on t h e s t a ge on horseback, when the animal, bei ng f r i g h tene d by the glare of light, became unruly and fell into the orchestra. Both the rider and horse fartunately escaped unhurt, and the damage was limited to the breaking of a few music desks, The performance CAI• tiuut.4 after a bliort interruption. :.~ _ _-- .. ~ , ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill.atreet, Sole Proprietor, B. R. I3IGNELL. During the week, and till further notice, in addition to the D an ce Mus;c, Selections from Verdi's popular Operas, du It T r ovatore, Traviata , Rigoletto, ; Meyerbeer's Etoile Nord, Huguenots, ; Melodies of tho Forest, Vale, Guy Mannering, Polka, cto. Conductor —L. CURTL Doors open at half-past S.—Admission, One shilling . Managor—M. GEE N ET.