The Sun. — London, England, 1864-06-02 00:00:00

wilat " Happy LAND Lnnd" can' Fee y ou aft er th e "Op , ora?" I only know of 'one HAPPY in vie i c h a Gentleman GA may SuTh—EV ANS ' , COVENT III ray deer fell ow ! IiINAHAN'S LL IV-insKy v. COGNAC, B R• P `TIDY. 1 celebrated Old IRIS ?RE?. TCH BRANDY, -ili WHISKY rivals the finest It 14 Pure, Mild, Mello #7, Sold in Bottles, 3s. 8," Delicious, and very Wholesome. the Agents in the pri•at the Retail Houses in London ; by i„, at ,eupat towns in England; or wholesale 8' GRID; ' AT 'WINDMILL -STREET, W. Observe the p „ A “ Einahan's LL , -- Seal, PinkLabel, and Cork branded ._____________ Whisky." _ THE, DI" ',CELLINGTON THREE SHILLING int ----,` :' 2c ER , consisting. et Soup, Fish, Made Dish, .Sundays,x- Joint, 'iVe et, &c., is served daily from. 3 to 9 p.m , and on P r iV3to Rooms for large or small parties. By order, H 740 Wellingto n , St. James's-str JON CATES, Manager.eet. Entrance, 160, PiocadillY. 1 1" E SALOON DINING-ROOMS on the First th e F loor of th e WELL INGTON are NOW OPEN for theseason, fo r L a dl es as well as Gentlemen. Dinners from , in carte " s erve d ala minute, and a first-class French aeT, se ved "a la Russo, " at seven shillimrs each. Every e tre et "0 /Illation may be obt a i ne d at the entrance, 53, St. James's of GEORGE BARTLETT, Superintendent. Ll!eg rellington Saloon Dining -Rooms. "u- Entrance, 53, St. James's-s rect. TE [E CREDIT MOB ILIER (Limited 80, Lombard -street, E.C. Capital, £1,000,000, in 20,000 Shares of £5O each. SUbszibed Capital, £500,000, in 10,000 Shares. DIRECTORS. The Chairman —The Itigtht Hon. James Stuart Wortley. tion. T. C. Haliburton, I John Westmorland, E.g. er.p . I Edward Warner, Esq., 51. P. ,12ka:ader Dunbar, Esq. Char.es Ellis, Esq. ,"•,?° D' he Hakim, Esq Jag e Levick, Esq. ' , Lath :a NewbOn, Esq. Henry Pownall, Esq. MANAGER. Albert Grant, Esq. RANKERS. Mes",rs. Masterman, Peters, Mildred, and Co., London. Messrs. Smith, Payne, and Smiths, London. I,VI:Ifs Company is prepared to negotiate Government and plcipal Loans, and to aid in carrying out Concessions. t 04.0 make advances on approved securities. effect the purchase and sale of Shares, Stocks, &c, and Aletr nsact financial business generally. o to receive money on deposit, for periods and terms to be - eed upon. Cor amunications to be made to the Manager. Tet aporary OfTHOMAS SHORT, Secretary. fizes, 80, Lombard-street London. E.C. THE CREDIT FONCIER (Limited FO, Lombard -street, E.C. Capital. £1,000,0J0, in 20,0 0 Shares of £5O each. subscribed Capital, £500,000, in 10,000 Shares. DIRECTORS. Chairmln—The Right Hon. James Stuart Wortley. Deputy Chairman—James Levick, Esq. The Hon. T. C. H a lib urton, Adolphe Hakim, Esq. 3f.p. Henry Pownal', Esq., J.P. Edward Warner, Eisq., it John Westmorland ; Esq. Ale xander Dunbar, E sq .' Charles E. Newton, Esq. C har/es El Esq, MANAGER. Albert Grant, Esq. BANKERS. Messrs. Masterman, Peters, Mildred, and Co. b 71115 Com a Bank of London. ,ny advances money on the deposit of Title i; r e f e t l of approved Freehold or Leasehold Property in Great n, with or without regular Mortgage. axtiarantees Titles or Securities, and, as Agent, negotiates on Mortgage, for long agreed u or i.hort neriods ; also, Recei ves Money he Deposit for taxed periods only, at rates ne pon. Contraunicatioxis to be addressed to the Manager. ALFRELO T r , ern .' °r arY Office, 80, Lombard-stet, E.C.W E, Secretary. THE FREEHOLD and GENERAL INVEST MENT COMPANY (Limited). (Incorporated under the Companies Act, 1862.) t:apital £250,001', in 10,000 Shares of £25 each. With power to increase to £1,000,030. First issue 5,000 Sha res . (81%seriptions for more than half of which have been already De Posit on a proadsed.) pplication Li por Share, a nd £2 on allotment. 'Call s not to exceed .£Z per Share, with an interval of not less than Three Months. It is not intended to call up more than £lO per Share, but ; 1 : more capital can be advantageously employed, further ' ll e B of Shares will be nytcle, in the allotment of which a pref erence will be given to the then existing Sharehol ters. 4101 1'd no allotment be made, the deposit will be returned in full. DIRECTORS. Tt rr he Right lion. Lord NIGEL KENNEDY, Montrose he Petersham Lord Chairman. Beißight Hon Viscount Malden, 39, Lowndea- s t reet, 'grave-square .snd Loudwater House, Bucks. Ch arles Kemo'Dyer, Esq. St. Albans Ildward BarrDn, Esq., Milk-street, Cheapside. George P. Lascaridi, Esq.. Old Broad-street, Director Fi- Zanciai Discount Company (Limited). Frederick A. Legg, Esq, 22, Sackyille-street, and South Norwood. Wi Earn W. Prole, Esq., Kensington P Ark-gardens East. William R. Ro4ers, Esq , M.D ,156, Berners-street. William Watson, E.g., Bristol, Director of the Bristol and Exeter Railway Company. BANKERS. Ue tropolitan and Provincial Bank (Limited?, 75, Cornhlll ; and Oxford -street Branch, 86, Oxford street. SOLICITORS. Messrs, Matthews and Greetham, 68, Lincoln's-inn -fields. BROKER. Alfred Ashton, Esq., 75, Old Broad-street. 1104. AUDITORS. hording, Pullein, Wbinncy, ond Gibbons, 3, Bank buildings, Lothbury, B.C. SECRETARY PRO TEM. R. N. Collier, Esq. TEMPORARY OFFICES. 1, New Broad-street-court, E.C. ABRIDGED PROSPECTUS. t' 'r e lle ° Nee's of this Company are to purchase,fromt a i n in d e i t t o s tr a , such Lre!h a o s ld m o a r y leasehold property in London neighbourh present special capabilities for im- Preveni ent " J " The first devel o step of the Company will be the purchase and West. flulde,lt of some first-class freehold prop s er a t g le re s em at e l n h t e s hav e b.... for securing which most advanta eou fro m h. 7" entered into, and the rental to be derived there -B,,_,etis been estimated by experienced valuers to produce a r e :; Ti r B un , ~,,, to ensure interest and dividend amounting to 15 In valu e ) —7,lllDwards (arising from property ever increasing goi, B ' a t'r ranking ample deluction for repairs. out ecMPlA and N I ~31 a nagement ; and when these properties are a Profit ii -,,,-.. Occupied, it is calculated they may be resold at 5 u Der cent, to the Company. rj,ulleParticulars of the propused operatirns of the Company , may be obtained at the Offices, No.l, New Broad street-court, Dectu the Artic e 4 of Association may be seen; and Pros t_i_e f_ies and Forma of Application for Snares may be °b on 4 from the Bankers, Brokers, Solicitors, or at the Offices ' the Corapany. PREEROLD and GENERAL INVESTMENT COANY (Limited , i NOT ICE IS HERE BY GIVEN. t .. hat the SHARE LIST ~,INAyisuiromorany will be CLOSED THIS DAY (THURS e 2 June, at 4 o 'clock. R. N. COLLIER , S ecretary. ln T eporary Offices, 1, New Broad -street-court. THE CHAM 0 N I X UNITED HOTELS COMPANY (Limited). Tv. ..,8 liability of the sh are h olders is limited to the amount of t heir shares, the Company being registered under the Coin 'Dames' Act, 1862, with limited liability. By the recent Treaty with the Emperor of the French, English Com- Danies can exercise the same rights and privileges in France C P i tal £100,030, in 5,000 shares of zlo each. About 1 , 5 00 1) shares are already plac e d. enosit £1 per share on application, and £1 10s. on allotment. It i u called ' p not expected that m ore th an £ lO per share will be ".. DIRECTORS. Dire cent, Brownlow Kn ox, M . P ., 28,Wilton -crescent, Belgravia, rector of the Al exandra Hotel Company. Ge ar ge Chambers, Esq., Vice-Chairman of the Lond on, Ham urg. and C ont i nental Bank. Colo nel Augustus Meyrick, 43, Grosvenor-street, Grosvenor- A l a r qbare. red Melhado, Esq., 9, Princes-square, Kensington taardens. -"',..Pert Fisher, Esq., Director of the London, Hamburg, and tl o ntinental Bank. aalel Grant, Esq, Pilgrim-street, Ludgate-hill. Ritterbaudt, M.D., Manchester-street, Manchester rqUare. BANKERS. The London, Hamburg, and Continental Bank, 79, Lombard street. SOLICITORS. kesars. Howard, Dollman, and Lowther, 141 , FellohUrCh street. BROKER. C. A. Murton, Esq., 27, CO/nhill. AUDITORS. Ball, Esq. (Quilter, Ball. and Co Ifenry Suckling, Esq., 79, Lo bar d- , strMeeootrgate-street.. MANAGER. M. Ferdinand Eisenkramer, Chamonix. TEMPORARY OFFICES. 33, Threadneedle -street. This Company is formed for the purpose of purchasing the _ ' , mg valuable Hotels, situated at Chamonix:— c.'Hotel Royal, l'Hotel de l'U nion, l'Hotel du Palate de 11stal, l'Hotel du Nord, l'Hot e l d ' Angleterre, l'Hotel de '.oodres, l'Hotel du Mont Blanc. la Arrangements have been made whereby the freehold of the ids, buildings, furniture, plate, wines, horses, mules, and r a lit he necessary adjuncts for fully carrying on the business, e ti l Pass into the immediate possession of the Company on advantageous terms. We renown of Chamonix, for the matchless beauty of the \,.°llntain scenery with which it is surrounded, has for many 1). -4r a Past rendered it a favourite rendezvous for tourists 14, 1)41 _ 4 ,,1l parts of the world , and it is estimated that an ave iftty "1 1 2,000 to 15,000 persons annually visit this spot, the 'r number having been exceeded last year, notwithstand ,S the absence of American visitors, who, on the sub.tidence the absence would considerably augment these numbers. d?4tit4 s e a basis that each visitor remains only three e-Ya, this gives a total of 45,000; and calculating an average 4aPenditure of 15s. per day for each person, including wines, r4 r i c 'sa receipt of £33,750 would be produced, from which a bi n _ annitte of .C 16,000 per annum may fairly be compute& The ,y„,e9tors, therefore, confide ,tly anticipate that a dividend ti;',l4,,be declared at the end of the present year, of not less reserve'ls er cent., leav ng• a large surplus to Joe carried over to fund. b:_ B a place for Hydropathic treatment, it will be equalled viten° other in Europe, since it is suppled by the waters of pent A t vre and the Avignon, which are of the uniform tern -44 lire required for this system, and the organisation of .L.fetabllshment for this purpose will be intrusted to the and expertience of Dr. p urpose MuclpFerdinand Eisenkramer, proprietor of three of the ai Hotels, has entered into arranzements to untler 'le the management of all the Company's Hotels. o ,r ,rospectuses and forms of anplicatn for shar or es street ained at the Company's Offices, 33 i Threadneedie, 0 1 the Brokers and Bankers of the Company. NEW PATENT CURTAIN HOOK that T 11,... requires no sewing, and, _if reversed, can be used for ?ma kurposes. To be 40 of _!,ll_!thoepa towg or country. `'`'ee, . TENT and Co. 23 , Bir fun-lane, London, E.C. THE ORIGINAL ItOYAL BUCKINGHAM SAUCE jor Roast Meat, Hashes, Gr av i es, S tews, Steaks, Soups , p r 6 t arae, Ruh-pirte4otollant,hiezzurieltroics, Thos. BUCK and Co., 10, C A NT ER B URY Westminster -road, London. HALL, THIS EVENING, Will be produced, with alterations and improvements in production, the New Illusion, surpassing" anything yet attempted, entitled THE TERCEN I'ENA ; or,a NIHHT WITH SHAI(SPERE, written express'y by W. F. Vander yell, Esq., in which Mr. W. Randall will re-appear. ALSO, PRINCE BLOSSOM; OR, THE FAIRIES OP TIER MAGIC FOUNTAIN AND THE FOREST OF SHADOWS ! "The figure of Fame, winged and trumpeted, passing: and repassing through the Magic Fountain, is so complete an illusion that it wellni,gh ceases to be illusory."--Morning Star, Feb. 19. Prince Blossom, Miss Townley. In addition to the usual Entertainments of the establish ment, supported by the whole of the talented eomrany, in cluding Arthur Lloyd, Miss Nelly Pow:x, Mr. T. Maclag an G. !I'. Jester, 4tc. Sc , NO. 22,445. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, J UNE 2, 1864. NEW NOVEL ay THE AUTHOR OF " ST. OLAVE'S." Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., JANIT A'S COS S. By the Author of " St. Olave's." " There is real cleverness in • Janita's Cross.' The charac ters are distinctive and life-like."—Saturday Review. "`Janata'® Cross' is in all respects equal to ` St. Olave's.' " —Post. RIUH FON and BACK for 3i. every SUNDAY --f-AP and MONDAY, from London-bridge, 'Victoria, and Kensington, at 9.0 a.m. The Excursion Season commences on Sunday, the sth June. Royal United Service Institution. A paper was read at this institution on Monday evening, by Captain E. A. Inglefield, R.N., on a proposed plan of his invention for working the heaviest ordnance on board armour-plated ships, and in fortifications, with Complete protect i on for the men. Large model s o f the section of a sh i p and of a fortification were exhibited to illustrate this mode of working large guns, which on board chip con sisted of loading th e guns between decks and then raising them to the uppe r deck to be fired. The power required for raisin g the guns Captain Ingle field ingeniously proposes to obtain from the weight of the ship and its displacement of the water, the upward pressure of water at the bottom being ap plied as the moving power. lie proposes to place the guns on a platform in the middle of the ship, so adjusted as to be capable of being raised perpendi cularly, with counterbalances to di.ninish the weight. The platform is to be sePported on five rods fixed to pistons that work i n cylinders placed vert i cally at the bottom. Whe n t h e guns are to be raised to the upper deck water is to be admitted through apertures at the bottom of the ship into the cylinders, and the upward pressure of the water will be sufficient to lift the gun; the water, when it has done its work, being allowed to flow into tanks to be used on the engine boi ere. In a ship that draws 20 feet of water Captain Ingle field estimates that there will be a lifting force of 9 lb. to the square inch. The gun would be pointed under direction of its captain, stationed in the middle deck, looking through a telescope, and the only time that the man would be exposed would be whilst pointing and firing the gun. When it was lowered iron shutters on the upper deck would be closed over to protect the men from the perpendi cular fire of shells. At the conclusion of the paper n gentlemen put forward the claims of a Mr. Matthews to a similar invention, and a long diseureivediscussion took place on the merits of Captain Ing'efield'e plan, in which Sir Frederick Nicolson, Captain Selwyn, Captain Scott, and other gentlemen took part. Whilst ad mitting the ingenuity of the invention, they all and ern treanisdeedd o th bj a c t e i t t io w ns ou t l o d it no o t f lo v e ar a i' v )u a s ila k b i l u e ds i n , warfare. Objections were also made to the Eat( rpt iae, which had been highly praised by Captain I ng l e fi e ld i n the course of his paper, and it was cont en d e d t h at as that ship had only a ccomplished 10 k nots an hour it was practically a failure, and that the problem yet remained to be solved of constructing a compa ratively small armour-plated ship, heavily armed, that would attain such a speed as the Warrior. Admiral Sartorius, who was in the chair, objected to Captainlnglefield'e plan on account of the time it would occupy to raise and lower the guns. Rapidity of fire during a naval action was, he said, most im portant, and he attributed the victory of Trafalgar principally to the rapidity with which the English loaded and fired their guns. He said that during that action there were 360 of the enemy killed or wounded in the ship opposed to his own within 35 minutes, whilst on board of his ship there were not more than 80 or 90 killed or wounded. In close action, therefore, Captain Inglefield's plan would be objectionable, and in distant firing the protec tion it would afford woe signify little. Captain Inglefield replied to the objections that had been made to his plan, without touching however on those raised by Admiral Sartorius. The meeting A S TING S and BACK for 3i. 6d. every. - 2 ,- 11 - SUNDAY, commencing on sth June, from London bridge and Victoria, at 8.5 a.m. These trains call at St. Leonards, Eastbourne, Polegate, and Lewes. As was to be expected in a case like this, men of all classes come forward, and, of course, all sorts of ideas were brought to the surface—some feasible, others absurd. Of the former, many were characterised by an endeavour to attain resistance at the expense of the backing, the plate alone being looked upon as the element of impenetrability. Many of our most eminent engineers adhered to this plan, forgetting, strangely enough, the mechanical principles which cause the blacksmith to give the anvil an elastic foundation of wool in solid blocks—which enable the cob bler to hammer leather on his knees, by using a thick and heavy stone as a cushion—and permit railroads successfully to bear enormoes weights. Now, on referring to Sir Howard Douglas's work on Naval Gunnery, we find that a plate of iron, Eft square and Bin thick, standing in an inclined posi tion against a wall, was broken up by twelve 681 b shots, fired with the ordinary charge, at an average distance of 500 yards. We likewise know that the 41-inch plate of the vertical Warrior tai get will bear any amount of such pound ing. In the first instance, irrespectively of the favourable inclination, the resistance is as 64 ; while in the second, exclusive of the backing, it is as 2025. Surely, then, it could not require much ability to see at once that the back ing was endowed with a latent force, which came out on impact, and contributed most usefully to the resistance of the plate. This force, which might be called reactive force, is due to the elasticity of the backing, coupled with suffi cient rigidity. It supports the inert matter of the plate, enlivens its resistance, spreads the concussion over a sur face which increases with depth, and, lastly, it acts directly against the projectile, to the prejudice of its penetration. With all this, the Admiralty countenanced many plans which, though backed by great names, were sadly deficient in the very elements of this valuable force, and of course the penalty had to be paid, in the shape of repeated de feats ; whence they eagerly declared that there was nothing better than their first child, the original 41-inch armour. The Minotaur target was a kind of compromise between some of the anti-backing plans and the Warrior, being a thicker plate (51in), with only 9in of wood behind ; yet, notwithstanding such extra thickness, it was pierced and literally destroyed by 7501bs of metal thrown ; while the Warrior stood 4,0001bs comparatively well —at least, its skin was not broken: There is nothing won derful in this ; the more you diminish your reactive force, the more you facilitate penetration. For instance, in the Warrior, the resistance of the iron being as 2025, that of its 18-inch backing as 324, the total of the reactive force might be represented by the area 20.25 X 324 eee- 6,561; while in the Minotaur the resistance of the iron was 30 25, that of the 9-inch backing ss 81, giving an area as 2,450 ; wherefore, when the 300-pounder, fired with s,ilbs of powder, sent its cast-iron round shot into the former, leav• ing five inches of timber and the skin unbroken, it could easily be foreseen the same gun fired under similar condi tions would sweep "clean through the Minotaur target, carrying plate, backing, skin, frame, and all before it," The 11-inch plates tried without backing were broken through at the first round of the 300-pounder, though the iron resistance was as 121, six times greater than that of the Warrior; but there was no reactive force, so the shot only encountered inert matter of great tenacity. With a little care, how easy it would be to save the country of a vast amount of wanton expenditure I Other plans, on the contrary, laid great stress on the part played by the backing; in fact, they took a line diametri cally oppposite to that followed by the former, their origi nators having evidently understood the lesson conveyed by the comparative superiority of the Warrior with regard to a system based on the use of thicker plates and thinner backing. They may not have seen what constituted the secret of impenetrability, but it was apparent to them that, by :improving the rigidity, and at the same time the elasticity of the backing, they would increase the resistance to compression, and proportionately diminish the plate's tendency to buckle and give way before the shot. One would have thought these principles plausable enough to merit fair consideration, or novel enough to excite official curiosity. Such, however, was not the case in any way ; the Admiralty being either unable to appreciate the scientific features, or determined never to depart from their own favourite ideas, right or wrong, Be this as it may, we find that amongst the persons who sided with the backing a certain Mr. Chalmers distinguished him self especially for his perseverance in bringing the question into notice, and at the same time for his faith in the prac• tical success. Early in 1862 he became convinced that ar mour needed three essential conditions, viz., more support behind the plate, an elastic medium to check the vibration, and fastening bolts better proportioned. In the first and third conditions we fully concur. We likewise cancur in the second—but not as to the purpose it is intended to fulfil. In August, 1562, ho submitted his plans to the. Admiralty; they, of course;, refusing to give them a trial. Upon he proposed (September 22) to furnish a target at his own expense—the conditions being that in case of failure it should remain his property, whereas in case of success further trials were to be made, preparatory to the general introduction of the system, in the armour-plating of new iron-clads. On the 15th October their lordships refused over again, characteristically referring Mr. Chalmers to their "former answer on the subject of his proposal to con struct a target;" but there had been no " former answer" to the proposal based on the risk of the projector. So Mr. Chalmers immediately reiterated his offer, reserving to him self the right of reimbursement up to £1,650, on condition that, first, his plates should neither buckle nor be pene trated, on being tested in the same way as the Warrior ; secondly, the armour should afford protection to the skin against the Whitwor h projectiles, which had succeeded in penetrating the Warrior; thirdly, plates 31 inches thick should afford better protection than 4z-inch plates backed by wood only. Failing in these conditions, ho claimed the right of removing his target ; succeeding, he left himself en hen adjourned to the 6th of June, which will be he lust of the season. The Chalmers Target, esdnuatry voice, , omi o c f ae ,c macs a h sa e tt h S s ce p aa best e i a s ss h t b means en r a m n tt la fo , r theke keeping p vitali acknowledged,n wi importance Ever tut s a in d c i olf , t o o h n u e t r i fiwlp tel haei es t t i: e ; our shores inviolate, protecting our commerce abroad, and upholding our political interests in various parts of the world. In accordance with this feeling, our statesmen have unfailingly taken good care that the fleets of England should never run the danger of being overmatched, though it but surpass ours in their &ageing too frequently happened that they allowed foreign ships to this watchfulness, however, th e p their design, and the power of their armainpnt. With all greatr im ea 1.1 n q wd u aa a r iietiennincetstl fundamental naval nv i i, h ,t : oh , afe f u ii uh rt rrs t o i tr t y isttiee o ps t r s o u w cc a e r e d d s e m d, o d d u if r 3 in in g g th th e a C t secu rity and power, by the i ntroduction platedarmo a u s r s float ing batteries impervious to shot; for it must be obvious to every one that, by neutralising sea, they at once deprived to our . of these armoured vessels against. burn led to this plan being frigates, which scheme way, that the originators of L* to the glory of having inaugurated our means of destruction at us of all the advantages inherent the Russian forts at Kin• The success that attended the first trial i, Improved and extended to large carried out in so practical a LA Gloire may well lay claim eurated qaite a new era in the comparison of navies and the relative position of maritime Powers. Defensive as w e ll to quantity, in the shape sized smooth bores, but aft er could no longer be calculated s offensive capabilities at sea of alter the ratio they had borne that ten.qer ships and moderate iat of iron clads and heavy rifled cannon. It follow e d y usePful ati°nofa tha t the arm of which, in a Were hands, not through the adverse national point of view, We had difficult. was slipping fast out of o ur h the most peremptory need, the very midst of peace fato of battles—for we —but through the simple, noiselessl 4 a p. .. I P to r omptly pushing forward plan which had and the resolution of agency of ingenuity, times and feasible.when concealment Fortunately, and p th ro e o d w i a o t t h e a o rrpoorua living l i n The success of the first iron clad, and the extent to whi c h besimilar frigates were ordered in the French navy, seen however, secr vi e em s d y m are extremely was came known ; and then, we must admit, the danger u a t i a l i d so e n ve w ry ith po t s h s e i ble t raditional desP En ' energetically the e dealt with, no time being lest in adopting a p d ri o nciple of armour atnchew to create an iron policy of Great Britain. armour plating, that this eau:oWe was promptly followed else in the reconstruction of their pushingfleetsareatpresent engaged on the new system to the utmost of their abilities ; in fact, most naval powers s yet, With the im menseean command, if wisely used, there can be no reason to fear that we shall eve suc cumb in this extraordinary race, or come out of it in arposi tion inferior to the one we have been wont to hold. resources our Government At the time that this new invention was adopted, little was known about t he best condition s for ensuring principally with regard to the o b j ect it had in view, via., impenetrability. It w as believed t hat a plain slab of iron, 4i inches thick, well backed up by lay ers of timber, consti tuted a suffi cient l y p o werful armour t o res i st cannon - shot of the largest calibre , moving with the highest velocities. This belief was not the result of a long series of exp er i men t s undertaken for the expre ss purpose of determining what our artillery could do against armour, and vice t 'ersa, wh a t ar mour was needed to set g unnery at defiance ; but it sprang mainly from the impression that the thickness adopted in France for the plating of their type ship was amply sufa. cient, because the targets tried at Vincennes did prove satisfactory when the iron WAS of good texture and eleven centimetres thick (equal to about four and one-third inches), though they had no iron frame -work to enP port the bucking. Con sidering that the French me: thod was essentially unscientific, certainly, with an eye to future contingencies, some effort might have been made towards ascertaining by w h a t dispositions the resistanc e could be increased witho ut adding weight ; ho wever, if w boar in mind that the circumstance admitted of no delay, and that our authorities w ere nearly in the sam e position as when they ordered a hundred 100-pounders before having had even one tried, we ma y be satisfied with the armour plating adopted for the Warrior, because in a relative point of view its primitive style was superior to the equally pri mitive plan then carried out in the French navy. But it soon became apparent that naval artillery was on the eve of some radical alteration in its condition of penetration and momentum, by the adoption of larger calibres, heavier charges, and more suitable metal; and from that moment every one could see that the question of armour -plating had entered on an entirely now phase. Enough had been known of it to appreciate the value of such protection, and save it from being abandoned as useless, it it could but be endowed with resistance in an absolute sense—if we may so express ourselves, in view of the ;rem-nee difference between old and new gunnery —always within moderate limits of thickness and of weight. A problem of this nature could not fail, as a general rule, to abeorb tLo attention of engi neers, and promote emulation amongst them ; but in the present case it has the exceptional qualification of exciting an intense feeling of interest in the public at large, of hold ing out unusual promises, and lastly of opening a great field to ambition. Never perhaps have the registers of the Patent Office been called upon to record a greater number of inventions in so short a space of time on one particular object. A single hope had s ufficed to instantly turn the minds of many hundreds of 111011 towards a career which begins by exacting heavy payments for the grant of a natural right, at present stigmatised as a monopoly; which opens the way to ruinous lawsuits, caused by the grant being tirely in the hands of their lordships with regard to compen sation. Two days later, the Admiralty were pleased to sig nify their adhesion to this proposal, declaring beforehand their intention not to enter into engagements " asto future remuneration, or costs ;" and there is e v er y reason to be- lieve that this answer satisfied Mr. Chalmers in spite of its vagueness ; for the target was at once commenced by the Millwall Iron Company, the work being completed suffi ciently in time for the first trial to come off on the 27th of April last year. On examining the system one could see that the outer armour-plate was 3 1 inches thick; that the first backing was composed of alternate layers of wood and iron about 11 inches deep, the iron ribs being equivalent to about an additional thickness of nearly half an inch to the plate; that this backing was supported by an inner armour plate, 1 inch thick, resting against a cushion or second backing from 3 to 4 inches deep; the whole being firmly bolted to a frame representing the side of an iron ship, The target weighed as much as the Warrior per square foot. The pro gramme consisted of 27 rounds, of which 8 were from the 68 pounders-4 solid shot and 4 shell—with 16 lbs of powder ; and 9 were from the 110 pounder .Armstrong (12 solid, 6 shells, and one steel fiat-ended)—the charges being respectively 141 b, 121 b, and 101 b. Without going into the various details of the firing, we may at once say that the result was far more satisfactory than in the case of the Warrior, thanks undoubtedly to the greater amount of reactive force located in the cushion, and the peculiar con struction of the cellular backing. Great hopes were im mediately founded on this good achievement; but they eventually made way to bitter disappointments, despite words uttered in the House of Commons, and which seemed to be an acknowledgment full of promise for Mr Chalmers, as well as for the friends whe had so heartily given him their support. On the 4th of May two more rounds were fired at this target from the 10.5-inch shunt Armstrong, with spherical cast-iron shot, and 510bs. of powder, result ing in two belts and a few rivets broken, one of the ship's ribs being bulged inwards a few inches; still, the inner l i plate was not pierced. Unfortunately, however, Mr. Chalmers consented to the firing of a 3001 b. steel shot, with no less than 451bs, of powder : it effected complete penetra tion, and thus he himself enabled his adversaries to turn the result against his own work; not with much good faith, we grant—for we have yet to learn where the Admi ralty has the target able to stand such a shot at 200 yards, especially after 29 rounds—but nevertheless with that superficial show of reason, which was wanted for waging war on bad grounds. Contrary to their expectations, the Admiralty had been taught a valuable lesson. They had been forcibly shown, not by deep science, but by plain practical results due to sound instinct, that. backing has more to do with resistance than they had imagined ; wherefore, according to the usual rules followed between masters and pupils, one would have ex pected them ready to acknowledge the service done. But official institutions cannot adapt themselves to vulgar usage, so it was decided to pay for the tangible outlay— that is. for the target furnished by the Milwall works —and not to reimburse the master the small amount due for per sonal expenses and for time expended during the manutac ture of the target. Moreover, acting after the same pro pensities which tempted them to build the slow Orontes as an improvement on the swift Himalaya, they determined to try another target on their own favoured plan, embodying a shadow of the principles which had succeeded in the Chalmers ; and again they had the deep mortification to witness its failure, in the presence of a large assem blage, the first round of the 10'5-inch gun send ing the whole concern to ruin. A succession of disasters was a matter not to be tolerated, for the sake of official fame; so one more effort was made to secure at least a semblance of triumph in another target called the Belle rophon, by adhering as closely as possible to the moat essential features of the Chalmers : in fact the backing con sisted of alternate layers of wood and iron supporting 6-inch X ~ , • ' I - .A I ,•4N, 4 . )' '..."1. - 3, - - , .---......... i , ~,. ....- 47 , / e .„... ...- ... A ., -.1. ..!-- v,. . , , ~ 4 .. ~..„ . , „*. jt jtv ,,. -. ,t 1,,, sq ,< .'). Aipte .4-r - , -- . , ( 0, %II L - 1t.)jk .... .., e, % --"*\ . d1i41,4;$ , 16, ~. ' .. q . ' '' 'a. , -P:Zo .. 4 F'&; 1 ;•-iii 2' 1., - ,re_f____ `, ir.:VC,. , ... - DiE ',. .) 1 / 4 •00 t ,„ . , , 14, , 60 ,„„ v e , D Ror ,. ;- honestly sold over again any number of times, and by the fearful price attached to human justice; and which, lastly, serves but too frequently to enrich unprincipled capitalists, because they alone have the wcrldly gifts and the precious element which Providence hardly ever grants to the genuine inventor. PRICE ..4d. STAMPED ....sd. plates and resting against a frame having two skins, the space between them being filled up with elastio material. This target was fired at 12 times, with about one-third the weight of iron thrust against the Chalmers, the heaviest projectile being a 3001 b. cast-iron, and net steel, shot, and the heaviest charge being 35 instead of 501bs. With the view of dealing a last blow to the Chalmers, it was ordered to be taken down ; but of late the Iron-plate Committee had it set up again for the purpose of trying it, ' under conditions of equality with regard to the 300-pounder, when fired with only 351bs. of powder, as was done on the Bellerophon day. The result of the special experiments was briefly alluded to in cur notice of the Shoeburyness compe titive trials. The shot was spherical east it on ; the charges 351bs. of powder; the distance 200 yards. The deepest in dent was five inches; the structure remained firm, although it had already received 30 shots; and the bolts had been put on again without their thick india-rubber washers. Such is, in a few words, the history of armour in general, and of the Chalmers target in particular.-- Telegraph. Naval and Military Intelligence. The following circular memorandum, addressed to the army at home and recruiting districts, has been promulgated : " With a view to meet the possible lose to the service of a certain number of men who are about to complete their first period of limited enlistment, and in order generally to encourage the recruiting of the army, his Royal Highness the Field Marshal Com manding-in-Chief desires the special attention of the field officers of recruiting districts to the orders annifentorittida — which have from time to time been issued, and calls on them, and all under their super. intendence, for increased exertion to maintain the establishment. It will be their duty to give their constant attention to the numbers raised weekly by each party under their orders, and when the result in any case may be inadequate, to propose sileh changes in their distribution as may increase their chances of success; and in any instance in which after such change the party may still fail to send in recruits, it should be returned to its regiment and replaced by another. If after all exertion has been made the sta tion continue unproductive, it should be altogether abandoned, and the party sent to a different locality. Officers of subdivisions should see that the parties are active and energetic, not remaining shut up in their billets, but constantly on the alert, attending all markets, fairs, and wakes in the places where they are quartered. Superintending officers are permitted by the last paragraph of the general order of December 1, 1847, to give special authority for detaching parties for the above purposes to ad joining towns and villages within moderate dis tances, and should it in any case be deemed desir able to send men for similar reasons to such dis tances as would entail the necessity of issuing marching money to them, his Royal Highness, on the application of inspecting field-officers, made in sufficient time beforehand, would be prepared to recommend the sums to the War-office. Inspecting field-officers should obtain and furnish to recruiting parties lists of the days on which markets and fairs, especially statute fairs for the hiring of farm ser vants, are held within their districts; and subdivi sion officers should take care that parties are constantly on the look-out in the neighbourhood of ,railway stations, works of local improvement, or manufactories, where they are likely to meet with persons:in search of employment ; or when stationed near the camps of instruction or in garrison towns, recruiting parties should be present at all reviews of the regular troops, and elsewhere should attend all assemblageo of Volunteers for inspection, or for competition at the various county rifle associations, which are sure to draw together numerous idlers, from among whom good recruits are often to be obtained. It is impossible in a memorandum of this sort to allude to all the detailed duties of a recruiter —they must be welt known to those who have charge of districts; but the above are some of the most important; and it is incumbent upon officers of subdivisions by theirown personal energy and super vision to ascertain that none of them are neglected by those specially selected and withdrawn from regi mental duty in order to be placed on the recruit ing service, and who should be made to under stand that their continuance in an employmen wbich is always popular, and for which useful men can always be found, will depend solely on their own zeal and industry, as manifested in the num ber of good recruits whom they send in for exami- nation. But it is not alone to the recruiting dis. tricte that t he Fieid-Marshal Commanding-in-Chief looks for the means of maintaining the numerioa; efficiency of the army ; he relies solely on the zeal the esprit de corps, and the active exertions of corn. manding officers of regiments in concerting mea sures for raising recruits at their own Headquarters. He is under the impression, however, that at the present moment there may be a disposition in some instances to reject men 6ft. sin. who offer to enlist at the hcaequarters of regiments; but he trusts that after this notice commanding officers will not suffer a single recruit otherwise eligible to be turned away merely because he does not come up to a preconceived notion of what looks most imposing in the ranks, thus sacrificing numbers to appear ance, when it is well known that it is not the biggest man whose endurance of bodily fatigue under the knapsack on the march or.at work in the trenches is the greatest. "Recruits may frequently be raised at the head quarters of a regiment by sending the band or drums and fifes to parade the town on market days and fair days. There is another mode of raising recruits which in former days was attended with much success, and which his Royal Highness would like to see reverted to, and that is that officers on leave of absence at their home should exert them- selves to obtain recruits for their own regiments Should an officer by means of personal local jute. rest succeed in raising a batch of recruits, his Royal HighneEs would approve of their being posted to his own company should he desire. The Field- Marshal Commanding-in-Chief is fully sensible of the zeal with which the recruiting department of the army has always been actuated, and is satisfied that as soon as the present state of things shall have become generally known, the vacancies now existing in the ranks will speedily be filled. A c opy of this order is to be in possession of all super intending officers." Major Reilly's battery of the B brigade Royal Horse Artillery yesterday left head-quarters, Wool wich, and commenced their march for Aldershott, passing the night at Richmond and resuming their march this morning. They were to quarter for the night at Chertsey, and arrive at their destination to-morrow evening. The battery consists of Major Reilly, 0.8. (recently Aide-de-Camp to General Dacres), in command ; Capt. Newbolt, Lints. Mur dock and Gorges, and 176 non-commissioned officers and privates, with their gang and equipment com plete, to remain at the camp for the season. Lieut.- Col. Michell's battery of the same brigade will foi l_ OW, also for Aldershott, this morning by the same _ . _ route. The officers commanding the battery are Lieut -Col. Michell, Capt. Ravenhill, Lieuts. Le Grice, Stirling, and Jackson; Assist.- Surg. Symons, and a similar number of men. The head quarters, consisticg of Col. Sir David Wood. Capt.Whioy at", Quartermaster Handford, and Surg. Combe, M.D., will leavo Woolwich at the same time this morning for Aldershott, and take up their station there fur the summer. The Aurora, 35, screw steam frigate, 2,5,58 tone, 400 horse power, Capt. Sir F. L. M'Clintock, sailed from Sheerness yesterday for Plymouth, where she will embark a detachment of the 60:h Rifles for Ireland. The Locust, paddlewheel steam tender, Master in command Reuben Harvey, was taken on the grid iron, Sheerness dockyard, yesterday, to repair the copper on the bottom of the vessel, and to examine the condition of Lumley's patent rudder. The rudder is found to be in admirable working condition, equal t o what it was when fitt e d 18 months ago. The Scout, 21, screw steam corvette, 1,462 tons, 400 horse power, is in the lar ge b as i n , S heerness dockyard, undergoing a thorough repair of boilers, Hurst and Blacken, 13, Great Marlborough-street. MR. JEAFFRESON'S NEC NOVEL. Now ready at al the Libraries, in 3 vols., NOT DEAD YET. By J. C. JEAFFRESON, Author of "Live it Down," &o. " Mr. JeafTreson's present novel is in every respect satis factory. I has a well-contrived, well-built u, pof;it is carefully written, and has a olielly and force that press the reader with a sen-e of the real ty of the fir ory. We h sve read It through with interest, and can recommend it to our readers. It is a healthy, pleasant book."— Athenxum, 31 ay 28. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. NEW NOVEL BY LADY GEORGIANA FULLERTON, This day, at all Libraries, in 3 TON, T OO STRANGE NOT TO BE TRUE, By Lady GEoucf..o.TA FuLtEnTofq, Author of "Ladybird," &c. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-s'reet. Price Bs., and at all Libraries, with Portrait of Brother IGNATIUS, THREE MONTHS in an ENGLISH MONASTERY. A Personal Narrative. By CHARLES WALKER "The book is well written, and treats of matters interest ing in their details and most important in their general bearing."—Observer. Just published, price 25., THE ROYAL WEDDING. An Ode. By R. W. LOMAS. Price 25., THE COURT MARTIAL, A Satirical Drama, 33y MARTINET. Murray and Co., t 3, Paterncater-row, E.C. NEW WORK BY THE AUTHOR OP " THE HEIR OF REDCLYFFE." This day is published, Two Volumes, crown Etvo., 125., THE TRIAL: More Links of the Daisy Chain. By the Author of " The Heir of Redclyffe." Macmillan and Co., London and Cambridge. NEW SPORTING WORE BY THE AUTHOR OF " HANDLEY - CROSS." With Coloured Illustrations by John Leech. On the 31st of May will be published, price Is., with two coloured Illu,traticns by .j o h n L eec h , N o. 11 . of HR. FACEY ROMFORD'S HOUNDS. Being a Sequel to "Mr. Sponge's Sporting Tour." London : Braibury and Evans, 11, Bouverie-street, E.C. LAST TWO WEEKS. EGYPTIAN HALL, PICCADILLY .- N OW ON VIEW, CROMWELL with his FAMILY, painted by Charles Lucy. Open from 10 till 5. MR. and Mrs. GERMAN'REED, with Mr. JOHN PARRY, will Appear in THE PYRAMID. To be followed by TILE BARD AND HIS BIRTHDAY, a New Musical Tercentennial Seance, by William Brouzn, Esq., sustained by Mr. and Mrs. German Reed; and MRS. ROSELEAF'S LITTLE EVENING PARTY. for a few times, by Mr. John Parry. Every Even , n,s; (except Satur day) at Eight. Thursday and Saturday Mornings at Three. —ROYAL GALLERY of ILLUSTRATION, i 4, Regent street. Unreserved seats, ls., 25.; stalls, 35.; stall (spring) chairs, ss. MR. IV. s. WOODIN'S ELOPEMENT EXTRAORDINARY, and BACHELOR'S BOX, an Entirely New Entertainment, at the Polygraphic Hall, King William-street, Cnaring-cross, EVERY EVENING, at eight (except Saturday); Saturday Mornings at three.— Stalls, and box stalls, 3s. ; area, 2s. ; amphitheatre, ls. A Plan of the Stalls may be seen, and Seats secured at the Hall from e 'even to five. Next Morning Performance, Saturday, May 7, at three. T" 0 X F ORD , e, OXFORD STREET, W. THIS EVENING will be performed the new and success ful Opera, by M. Guoaod, FAUST, with augmented band and chorus, supported by the following talented principal artistes :—Misses Russell, Fitz-Henry. Tyrrell, %N. almslev ; Messrs. Morley, Tivoli, Green ; and UN BALLO IN MASCHERA. Director. Mr. F. Jonghmans. To-morrow Evening. THE MERRY WIVES OF WIND , SOR, by Otto Nicolai. Comedy by UNSWORTH and EUGENE, Mr. T. Mac!lgen, W. Handal', G. Hutchenson, G. W. Jester, Miss Nelly Power (the juvenile comedienne), &c., O. Admission—Area, 6d. ; stalls and balc3ny, ls. ; private boxes, 10s. 6d. Open every Evening. A ission—Area, 6d. ; Stalls and Balcony, ls. MADAME TUSSAUD'S HISTORICAL GALLERY; established 28 years at the Bazaar, Baker-street, NEW ADDITION.—A full length model of ARTHUR, JOHN DEVINE, who recently suffered the extreme penalty of the law in front of Newgate for the murder of Mr. Duck, in Little Chesterfield -street, Marylebone, is no ,v to be seen in the Chamber of Physiognomy at Madame Tassaud's His torical Gallery, Baker-street. Open from 11 in the morning till 10 at night. Admittance, Is. ; extra rooms, fad. ARGYLL ROOMS, Windmill-street, Piccadilly, IS OPEN EVERY EVENING. During the evening an unparalleled repertoire of Dance Music, Selections and Overtures, is performed by the cele brated Argyll Band, forty in number. Doors Open at Half-past 8, commence at 9. Admission le. Manager, M. GRENET. 29, GEORGE-STREET, TIANOVER-SQUARE , W . THE LONDON ANATOMICAL MUSEUM. Open daily from 10 till 10. Where may be seen the Astees ; Bushman and Wife ; Julia Pastrana and Infant ; Eng and Shang, the Siamese Twins; and upwards of 3,000 Models, Natural Preparations, &e. Egyptian Mummies, unwrapped, 4,000 years old. Admission, One shilling (for Gentlemen only). FOUR PENNY PACKETS of HARPER TWELVETREES' GLYCERINE SOAP POWDER and half a pound of Soap will wash fifty counterpanes in six hours, and sheets, shirts, table linen, Arc., in half the usu 1 time.—See Mrv. Goulder's Report, Chelsea, Laundry, S.W. Sold by grocers and druggists Works, Bromley-by-Bow, London, E. MERCHANTS, MANUFACTURERS, TRADERS, AND EXECUTORS. ACCOUNTS arranged and adjusted, and Balance Sheets prepared.—Financial operations organised and Banking fa cilities arranged.—Cash Advances made on Trade Stock, Dock Warrants, and other Securities, and Sales effected.— The Agency of Provincial and Foreign Firms undertaken. Address, Messrs. BANKES and Co., Accountants, 20, Devereux-court, Strand, London, W.C. BEDROOM CANDLES. "p RICE'S CANDLES, which will not drop crease when carried."—Thin, very hard candles, sold in boxes le. and 3s. each, are recommendei as the best carriers. " EXTRA HARD 5.12 CHAMBER CANDLES," sold in boxre 28. each. Thicker candles intended for those who will not burn thin. " SHERWOOD ECONOMIC BED LIGHTS," in packets of 38 candles for one shilling, intended for use where cheapness is a great object, will be found an improve ment on the ordinary candles, as they gutter less. Special candle ticks to fit thin candles, ls. and 2s. M. each ; reducing sockets, making them fit any candlesticks, 2d. each. - , TOILET SOAPS. Sherwood Brown Windsor Soap, with a pleasant scent. Belmont Glycerine Soap, contains erice's Glycerine. Camphor and Glycerine Soap, fo tender skins in winter. GLYCERINE. SHERWOODOLE " Price's Glycerine" may be Cleans gloves and removes had from any Chemist, in grease and other stains. caosuled bottles, lettered Perfumed, in capsuled bot " Price's Patent," from 6d. I ties, 6cl. and is. each. upwards. Impure Glycerine has been sold •ni the state ment that it is "equal to Prices." Retail through any Grocer. Wholesale by Price a Patent Caudle Company (Limited), Londi RI Z E MED A L —INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, 1862. FRANCIS TUCKER Az CO., Wax Chandlers, &c., To the Queen and the P. ince of Wales. (Established 1760.) The Jurors' Report on Wax and Church Candles, in 1862, testifies to •he excellenoe of the quality of Messrs. Tuckers' manufacture. A distinguished Dignitary, in a letter addressed to Francis Tucker and Co., on the subject of WAX CANDLES with PLATTED WICKS, says:-- " I have found them fully equal to the recommendation which you gave them, and can sincerely, in my turn, I com mend them to the clergy for the use of the altar." Finestquagluitaylitly .. Od. per lb.vith latted Wicks, patented.. %s, 2d. per lb . Ordinary VEGETABLE C.INDLES, with a Mixture of Wax. Se cond quality • ls. 3d. per lb. Best quality .. • ls. sd. per lb . Third qualify •. • • • • • • is. id. per lb. Car riage paid in London on Orders of Five Pounds in value. FRANCIS TUCKER AND CO.. 8, South Itolton-street, Grosvenor-square. Manufactory— Kensington (Established 1730). The largest Establishment in England for the Manufacture of Wax Candice for the site of the Altar PORTSMOUTH and BACK for 3s. 61. every Bti DAY, commenc:ng on sth June. from London bricip:o and Vict,,ria, at 8.0 am. These trains stop at Havant, Chichester, Bognor, and Arundel. PERSONS SEEKING LANDED IL EL . ATES, TOWN AND COUNTRY RESIDENCES, FREEHOLD AND LEASEHOLD INVESTMENTS, AND PROPER rigs G ENE RA LL Y— • To BE HAD GRATIS, at the principal Railway Bookstalls throughout the kingdom, or at the Auction and Estate Offices, No. 67, Chancery-lane, London, Messrs. E. and H. Lumley's "FREE PROPERTY REGISTER," containing a varied selection of landed and house properties now in the market, from the nobleman's mansion, with its manorial domain, to the cottage with its few acres. OWNERS OF PROPERTIES wishing to Sell or Let can em brace the opportunity that the medium of this Register affords, by sending the particulars of their properties to the Estate Offices, 67, Chancery-lane, London, as the Messrs. Lumley can in most cases introduce immediate customers, where the property is of an eligible character, thereby avoid ing the disadvantages of delay and its attendant incon veniences. THERE IS NO CHARGE Incurred, unless a tenant or pur. cnaser is introduced throne - 1i Messrs. Lumley's Agency, and then only the usual moderate commission. Auction and Land Offices, 67, Chancery-lane, London. FURNITURE, CARPETS, BEDDING, and FLOORCLOTH, CARRIAGE-FREE to any house in the kingdom, regardless of amount or distanoe. First-class goods at seoond-class prices. Terms peculiarly liberal to Clergymen and Gentlemen. An immense stock to select from, displayed in Showrconas occupying an acre of ground. Every article warranted. CLEtIGYMEN and GENTLEMEN ABOUT TO FUR NISH are respectfully informed that Messrs. Cobbett and . are publishing an entirely New Edition of their un equalled HOUSE FURNISHING GUIDE, illustrated by4lo adm -able engravings of every description of Furniture and k;easteads, with prices attached. A copy sent palls and post-free on application. This costly work also contains complete estimates for furnishing on the following revised tale : A Six-roomed Parsonage An Eight-roomed ditto A Ten-roomed ditto ........ A Twelve-roomed ditto Together with a Price List of purified Bedding, and a mass of valnable informationto all requiring househ3ld furniture, •arpets or bedding. References k in dl y permitted to Clergy men and gentlemen in or near Great Malvern, Southampton, Chichester, Bury, Ely, Preston, Grimsby, Ryde, Plymouth, Wells, Oxford. Brighton, Gainsborough, Margate. Kidder minster, Wellington, Croydon. Cambridge, Staines, Dorking, St. Aiban's, Worcester, Ipswich, Peterborough, St. David's, Wrexham, and above 500 other places in all parts of Great Brtta.:„ COBBETT and CO., General Rouse Furnishers, Deptford bridge, London. S.E. PARIS. --THE GRAND HOTEL, Boulevard des Capucines. Place de Nouvelle Opera, opposite the Rue de la Paix, and near the Thearem. Has been opened since July, 186 It contains 700 bed rooms, prices from 4fr. to 25fr. ; drawing-rooms, from sfr. to 301 r. ; a magnificent salon, capable of dining more than 380 persons, and where there is a table d'hote at six o'clock. Dinners and breakfasts are served a la carte in the cc free rooms, a' well as in the apartments. There is a reading room with the best English and foreign papers and publica tions, a music-room and a drawing-room for the use of tra vellers without any additional charge. There are also baths, billiard-rooms, smoking divans, post-office ; cabs, carriages, and omnibuses going to the railway stations. The servants speak all langua , es. This superb hotel, po sessitur all that modern luxury and comfort can combine, and situated in the most fashionable part of Paris, is recommended to the atten tion of travellers. Independently of their Two Hotels, the Compagnie—lmmo biliere has established an extensive Private Furn shed House on the Boulevard des Capucines, opposite the ROTUNDA of the GRAND ITOTEL, where Families can reside as in their own rivate residences, and where they may rely upon find ing .the utmost comfort. THE GENERAL FINANCIAL and ESTATE AGENCY CORPORATION (Limited). Capital £lOO,OOO, in 10,' 00 shares of £lO each, with power to increase. .£1 per share to be paid on allotment. Incorporated under "The Companies' Act, 1i‘:62," whereby the liability of the shareholders is limited to the amount subscribed. DIRECTORS. Captain Raymond, R.N., The Mall, Chiswick, S.W. A. G. S. Mainwaring Gordon, Esq., Crompton House, Wor cestershire, and 6, Aberdeen-place, Maida-hill, N.W. W. Hennessey, Esq. (Messrs. king, Hennessey, and Co.), 12, Abingdon-street, Westminster, S.W. Edward Nixon, Eeq., Ormonde House, Bognor, Sussex, and 1 , Vi Aorta-road, S.W. E. Shelley Esq., Estate Agent, Wolverhampton, and 2, Led bury-road. Bayswater, W. (With power to add to their number.) AUDITOR. Stanley R. Bennet, Esq.(ciesSrsThennet and Gaskell), 31, Nicholas-lane, E.C. BROKERS. Messrs. Shorter and Kind, 26, Birchln-lane, E.C. SOLICITORS. Messrs. Howard, Dollman, and Lowther, 141, Fenchurch street, E.C. SECRETARY. Francis R. Spry, Esq. TEMPORARY OFFICES. 206, Gresham House, F.C. PROSPE T US. This Corporation has been formed for the purpose of uniting the ordinary business of a Finance Company with that ol an Estate Agency- -► want not yet supplied by any of the existing Companies The business of the Corporation will consist of two distinct branches viz., Financial Trans,:ctions and Estate Agency Business, and ccmpetent representatives will be appotate I in the principal towns. The Financial Department will consist of advancing money on real and personal estate, whether intended for sale or otherwise, and on such other securities as the Direct re may approve. The Corporation will act also as agents between mortgagors and mortgagees, and will negotiate subscriptions or loans for British and toreign undertakings, the bona fides of which w 11 be strictly investigated before they are sub mitted to the public. The Estate Agency Department will embrace valuations ; the purchase and sale of estates, lands, and houses; the management of estates, and the carrying out of drainage and other essential improvements ; also the sales of agricultural produce, farming stock, and every description of properties, by priva'e contract and public auction ; and it is intended to hold periodical sales of freehold and leasehold properties. That the value of finance business generally is abundantly appreciated by the public is proved by the very large pre miums already attained by all the financial companies, and it is well known that large fortunes have been ea iced by the business of estate agent. This Company, with its moderate capital, does not pretend to compete with the transactions of the larger financial companie-i now existing, the Directors viewing the financial business principa ly as an adjunct to that of the Estate Agency ; and as the one department will largely contribute to the business of the other, they are satis fied the combined operations must result in large div.dends to the shareholders. Several lucrative transactions have already been secured by the Corporation ; and although the Directors consider the present nominal capital ample for all immediate purposes, power has been taken to increase the same should it be ultimately deemed desirable. By the Articles of Association (which lie for inspection at the 'temporary Offices of the Company), e , ch Director is required to hold 2io snsires ; •and more than 2, 1 .0 shares have already been subscribed for by the Directors and their friends. Prosrectuses and form of applications for shares may be obtained from the Bans ers and Brokers, or at the Temporary Offic s of the Company. TEETH. —Mr. ESKELL'S INVENTION in the construction of ARTIFICIAL TEETH has the following arivantages :—A set of teeth, of excellent work manship and mecha n i sm, can b e made and fitted with the most perfect accuracy and success, in a few hours, without pain or extraction of stumps, and to answer all the purposes of mastication and articulation. They are fitted without wires or fastenings, and adapt themselves so perfectly to the gums, that they are quite immoveable, except at the option of the wearer. Invalids or residents in the country can ad just these teeth to many changes of the mouth without the aid of a dentist. They are not so :fable to injury, are always useful, and will last a lifetime. Comfort guaranteed. Trea tise explaining Mr. Eskell's Patent, &c., free for 7 stamps. Inspection of specimens and consultations free.--B,Grosvenor street, Bond-street, W.; and at 39, Bennett's-hill, Bir mingham. TIIE PIGEON HOUSE FORT.—When ho gets near to the fort he will observe upon his left the remains of her Majesty's ship Mermaid, brought here from Ports mouth,• cut down and converted into a store. Then comes a row of wooden palisading,and next a drawbridge, crossing which, and passing under a gateway, he will find himself in a small courtyard, with cannon pointed, commanding the road he has come; then through another gateway and he will be in an oblong square, where he will find a flagstaff again 2 nt - hp isoe a u nrlidagerhgr right ers , further yf aa T rr d h t h, e egr b i a rot l n l b a iys l ley, canteen, and iron olong railings,b ui l d n i g n . B ab na e rcl y r Bo That co uple kds t are gof the centre of which are piled shot of all sizes, and cannon of nearly every calibre lie round about. Then come the officers' quarters, a large commodious building, in which no officer lives, and next to this are the magazines, the powder depot for the wh o l e o f I reland, where there are some tons of gunpowder deposited, also Congreve rockets, shrap nell shells, cannister and grape, and ammunition of every sort, blank and ball, for Enfield and Whitworth rifles, and the same for Armstrong guns. The next house is the bar rack-master's, which, like the lawyer's house in a village, is far from being the worst in the place ; and then comes another smell guard-rom, and another gateway leading on to the breakwater. When returning he will observe a small landing place to the right, used for the unloading of ammu nition, &c., which is conveyed from Woolwich in Govern ment vessels. From this landing-place to the entrance there is only a wall loopholed about every 40 yards for defence. The most interesting object is the armoury, the long build ing already mentioned, entrance to which may bo gained by application to the head clerk; it is said to be the next in importance to 'Woolwich, and a regular staff of workmen is Employed here, Entering from the front by folding-doors, the stranger finds himself in a small hall facing a staircase about eight feet wide. In and around this hall are numerous articles used in ancient warfare, coats of mail and suits of armour of every kind, from that of the knight to the mousquetaire, while pikes, bat',le-axes, and blunder buses adorn the walls, and festoons of bayonets, wreaths of Upll s t o h rd s and es t ai rs s d daggers decorate dp w ei i sc d to e orlate room, atuh de a t ss t it h da e erss e end of formed eed which of staircase.s a ffi n e a ther w room similar in size branches off to the right; here again the walls are covered with "pikes and guns and bows, and good old swords and bucklers too," while in every window-ledge is displayed the model o n t f ed a middle cannonlo i these o ors e o s m e roeoothmes. i n other destruc tive tierupon en t g ie i r n , e o aref owar.ver Down 30,000 E n fi e ld an d Whitworth rifled muskets, with bayonets to match, besides more than 1,000 six-barrelled revolver pistols, In this building are arms for an army, and not 100 yards from them is the ammunition. — Dickens's All therear Round, - - The Extraordinary Charge of Attempted Poisoning at Clapham Harriett A.4llrettle, who stands charged with attempting to poison her fellow servant, Louisa Caroline Gurr, by mixing tincture of iodine with her dinner, under went another ex :urination before Mr. Ingham, at the Wandsworth Police court yesterday. Mr. WVilson, as before, defended her. It will he recollected that the prosecutrix state'i that she received her dinner on the Sunday in questioa from the pri soner in the kitchen, after the joint had been remcved from the dining-room, and that she discovered the iodine mixed with the meat and potatoes on sitting down in the nursery. Mrs. Olivia Lowenthall, of No. 6, Thurlow.terrace, Lark hall-lane, now attended, and stated that the prisoner had been in her service as cook for nearly three weeks, and the prosecutrix for nine months as housemaid and to assist in the nursery. She then said that she remembered the Sun day in question, The prosecutrix usually dined with the prisoner in the kitchen, but on that occasion, in conse quence of her having complained that the cook had threat ened her, she was desired to bring her plate to the slab in the hall, and to help herself with meat, which had been cut off the joint and left en the dish by Mr. Lowenthall, Wit ness could not state whether the prosecutrix took the dinner from the slab, as she remained in the dining-room. While they were eating their pastry the governess came into the room with the prosecutrix's plate, and said, " Look here at Mary's dinner," The prosecutrix was called Mary in the house. They looked at the dinner, and sent the governess to the police-station. Intt co reply to the Saturdayquestions, the efo r et h e witness prisoner said shep7a staken missed her h d on 'into y. She had lately been singularly un f ortunate with c w u a s her servants. Since the prosecutrix had been with her she had had three cooks and two charwomen. They did not leave through any complaint of the prosecutrix. Witness had missed property both before and since the prosecntrix had been in her service. Mrs Lowenthall handed to his worship a letter, which was sealed and addressed to th 3 prisoner, and said it was put over into her garden by a boy last Tuesday. Mr Ingham opened it, and upon reading the contents ap peared to think they were of some importance. He called the prosecutrix into court, and desired her to write on a piece of paper the following words :—" For God's sake let me know what yo I are doing." After the prosecatrix had written those words, and several others, Mr Ingham looked at the handwriting, and said it was clear that she had not written the letter. Mr Wilson said some accomplices of thA prosecntris might have written it. He hoped his worship would dis charge the prisoner, as he believed the story was a concocted one on the part of a designing woman. . . Harriet Bence, the governess, was examined with respect to the prosecutrix.taking her dinner into the nursery. She said she did not see Mary spit any of her dinner out of her mouth, as her back was turned, The prosecutrix said, " Oh, dear Miss Bunce, whatever is it in my plate." Wit ness looked at it and took it down to the dining room. The prosecutrix did not complain at the time that her dinner had burnt her mouth. Mr Ingham said that if the evidence w as tr ue , there was a very clear cas e . The weak part of the cas e was that in which the prosecutrix was boun d to take her dinner from the slab. If she did so, it was perfectly evident th e cook did not put any o f the poisonou s mixt ure with it. If, on the for the mixture must have been done un lit take this occa sion little o e eas tittle io other hand, she did not, it would be very difficult indeed to establish a case, Mr will ," hoped his client would be admitted i w tte n d si der the eyes of the complainant herself. It was a very di f• c is f u 1 rt Ingham n a :e h , a and rn r refused t d o e consi der a ii h . Sergeant n account of -w t i l: f e l course he should take. meated on letter, which he placed in the hands f n with instructions not to show it to o Coltman, vestigate its contents. His Worship any person, but to in also remarked that he would not send her for trial until every eff or t h a d b een made to find the shawl alleged to have been lost Ly the pro secutrix, for, a s h e said, if that could be found, the whole mattes would then be cleared up. The prisoner was then remanded for another week. RACY I NTELLIGENCE.—We understand that "Gladstone," winner of the St. James's Palace Stakes at Ascot last year, and supposed to be now the property of Mr. Bright, was drugged on his last appearance in public for the £6 Borough Handicap Sweepstakes. Some very un pleasant correspondence has since taken place regarding the ownership of this celebrated but uncertain horse, nor has it yet been determined to which party he will ultimately be transferred. We may state, however, as positive, that he is now engaged in "The south Lancashire Consolation Stakes," and that he is to be struck out of all his Oxford engagements."—The HUMBOLDT'S " COSMOS," it has been strikingly remarked, resembles a man inspecting a splendid palace without leaving his card for the master of it. Persons in debt may obtain instant protection against i mpr i so nment or seizure of their goods, and an entire release f r om all debts and liaLilities without publicity, by application to Messrs. Marshall, solicitors of the Court of Bankruptcy. Charges under £5 payable by easy instalments. Offices— (established 1830),12, Hatton-garden. City branch —6, Moor , gate-street, BUIL—ATM. i EWS PAPER f ie„4 \;11w machinery, and hull, and is to be b ne44: 475. for the first division of the Sheerness Steas'Rtsne, s in place of the Clio, which has had her compasses adjusted, and will be immediately commissioned. Cotton Supply Association. At the usual weekly meting of the Executive Committee, held on Tuesdtiy, May 31st, a letter was read accompanying samples of cotton forwarded by her Majesty's Vice-Consul at Yucatan. This year's crop amounts to 4,000 bales, which has been chiefly exported to New York and Havana. A letter was received from St. Croix, W r est Indies, reporting that the cultivation of cotton there is extending, and that next year a much h.rger quantity and of a superior quality will be received. A letter was read from Kingston, Jamaica, advising the consignment of eight bales of cotton to the associ tin for sale, part of which has been grown at the Reformatory. A letter from Philipeville, Algeria, states t hat since 1854 cotton cultivation has so much extended that increased facilities for cleaning the crop are required, supply of gins. A sample of East Indian and requests inforniration and ass i stance in procuring the necess ary cotton was received from K urrachee which a has been cleaned by tl'e Macarthy gin, and was valued at 22d. per lb. The sender is engaged in the management of cotton mills and iu cleaning and pre paring the raw material in India. A letter was read from the Colonial Office acknowledging the receipt of the:memorial forwarded by the association on the interruption to the transport of cotton and other mer . chandise from Abbeokuta to Lagos, in consequence of the wars now raging in those parts, and stating that her Maj e sty' s G overnmen t are fully alive to the importance of the subject brought under notice. Consular despatches, forwarded by the Foreign office, were received from her Majesty's Consuls General at Constantinople, enclosing a report from Mr. Vice-Consul Blunt, dated Adrianople, AprillB, on the cultivation of cotton in the districts of Eski Z3gra and Sophia in Bulgaria. In the former the planting last year was too late, and the severe drought rendered; the crop to a great extent a failure. Double the quantity of seed has been sown this year under more favourable circumstances. The district appears suitable to the growth of cotton. The experiments in Sophia have proved so success ful that confident hopes are entertained that cotton will be grown there to advantage. The Governor is energetic, has made good turnpike roads, and labours earnestly for the benefit of the people. The Governor-General of the province of Adrianople states that the reports which he has received from various districts afford decisive evidence that the experiments with American seed have given very good results, and that a largely extended area will be placed under cultivation this year. Mr. Blunt's French colleague, M. Guys, has taken great interest in the cotton culture, and a copy of the report addresed to his Government has been forwarded. A further despatch from Mr. Blunt, dated Adria. nople, May 6th, states that his agent at Phillip. popolis informs him that this year the farmers and peasantry of that province have been most eager to obtain seed for sowing; that about 30,000 okes have been sown, and that much more would have been disposed of had it been attainable. The re• sults last year, though there was a comparative failure, were such as to induce the peasantry to con. tinue their efforts this year on a much larger scale. A report, enclosed from Mr. Vice-Consul Rossy Enas, states that experiments in cotton cultivation in his district are zealously prosecuted, and that good results are anticipated. A despatch from H.M.'s Consul at Jaffa, dated April 15th, reports the sowing season as just terminated most favour4 ably, and that the seasonable showers, called " the latter rain" in Scripture, have done great good. The plants look most promising, and the excitement and eagerness to grow cotton still continue to prevail. Theßedouins,pear Gaza, have begun to sow cotton. If this year's yield should prove like the last, the increased production will be immense, and the ex. port from Jaffa will be largely augmented. Pre sent prices, or 20 per cent. reduction, will greatly enrich the growers. A letter was read from the president of the associations now in Italy,