The Sun. — London, England, 1830-04-16 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. We observe in our city article that a negociation, or rather a discussion, has taken place between cer tain merchants in the city of London and the King's Government, respecting the charges incurred for conveying the precious metals from America to this country in ships of war. The facts on which the commercial part of the question rests are fully detailed in the correspondence of the merchants alluded to. A cargo of bullion, or treasure, has in most cases been regarded in a different light from that of any other merchandise. A more speedy transmission and a more secure conveyance have been usually demanded. Hence packets, or King's ships, have generally been preferred. As we transmit bills of exchange through the medium of the Post-office, so merchants, receiving treasure from abroad, have been desirous to avail themselves of the advantage of an authorised and speedy conveyance for their bullion. It is this popular dis tinction between the precious metals and other com modities, which alone could have suggested the em ployment of ships of war in the conveyance of the former. Nobody ever proposed that the Royal Navy should be required to bring home Brazil diamonds or Jesuit's bark for the convenience of trade, though either may be as much entitled to consideration as Spanish dollars : neither did the packets engage in such a traffic. If, then, King's ships offer themselves fro: the conveyance of treasure, they ought to do it, either as a part of the public service, and therefore gratuitously, or at the same rate of carriage as the packets. We can see no more objection to the employment of a King's ship in gratuitously bringing home gold (under proper regulations . ), then in the gratuitous employment of the Mint in coining it into sovereigns. It would, to be sure, create a little additional expence to the public, so dc.es the impression of the King's head on the bullion carried to Tower-hill. At any rate, no good reason can be assigned why the transmission of treasure (if paid for at all) should riot be executed as moderately by eir.ships of war as by the former packets ; or why an Englishman should pay more for the con veyance of his dollars than a. Frenchman. The question thus resolves itself into one or two very simple points—namely, first, whether any cheaper or safer medium of conveyance thee our ships of war can be found ; and, secondly, whether any great trading country affords greater facilities to its mer chants in such transactions than our own. In this latter respect the fact appears to be established that French trade has the a dvantage. France lays no tax upon her capitalists or merchants for protecting their treasure, and has opened additional ports for its authorized admission. Though neither in this respect, nor in any other, do we feel any commercial jealousy of our neighbours, it would appear to us unwise; for the paltry levy of certain small duties, to drive a lucrative branch of trade—that in bullion —from our shores to those of France. If the im port of the precious metals into England by means of national ships were either perfectly free, or bur dined with very low duties, and subjected to judi cious regulations, we might, from our intercourse with South America, enjoy nearly the monopoly of the bullion trade. This trade, too, be it remem bered, will become every day of more importance as the industry of the new republics extends,, as the working of their mines is stimulated, and their peace consolidated. To compensate the loss of such•a trade to the public, of what consequence are the perquisites of our Admirals on the American station, or the gains of Captains commanding ships of war ? —7lntss. Most people supposed, from the manner in which the Chancellor of the Exchequer opposed the motion of Mr. Robert Grant, in behalf of the Jews, that the Right Honourable Gentleman was merely exhi biting that sort of reluctance to accede at once to any measure founded in jus ice, which might be ne cessary to save appearances, it being as unbecoming in a Statesman of the right sort to agree to anything fair or equitable without much pressing, as it would be in a coquette to be at once kind to her admirer. The opposition was feeble, and apparently insincere. It seemed to us at the time, that the Right Honour able Gentleman was contemplating the figure he should make Mien advocating the measure he was then opposing, if he lent himself too heartily to Sir R. Inglis. Mr. Perceval indeed, from the fervour of his invocation of our Saviour, satisfied us that he was hearty in the cause, and, therefore, our ob servation has no reference to him. However the fiat has been pronounced, that the Jews are to re main on a different footing from that of Christians; and the Right Honourable Gentleman being no longer under any apprehension of the issue, will he enabled to give himself lip, heart and soul, to the goo 4 old cause of intolerance. We suppose it has been thought that Government would derogate from its dignity, and fall in the esti mation of the people, were it not to show, now nud then, that it chooses not to agree to what is right. A better occasion could hardly he chosen for the manifestation of a dislike to justice, because the want of even a decent pretext for withholding civil privileges is so obvious, that no one can mistake the refunl for any thing else than the Sic volo, sic jubeo ; end, in the next place, the injustice may he committed with perfect impunity; because the Jews cannot employ any Counsellor Sheil of their body to write articles in the Ministerial Journals of France, pointing out the nekedness of the land from the possibility of the union of the portion of the Hebrew nation among us, with an invading enemy; and it would not even be necessary for the Duke of Welliugton, were he to concede to the Jews the privileges they claim, to state that he was not afraid. There is, therefore , n o misconceiving the making the opposition to the claims of the Jews a Cabinet measure, to have its origin in any other motive but a hearty relish for intolerance, and a wish to keep in countenance that respectable portion of our country.. men who hate all measures in proportion as they are fair and reasonable, and who think Government never seems toappearto so much ad vantage as when it clings to antiquated prejudices, and patronises illiberality. The intelligence that the Duke will make a stand agehist the Jews will, no doubt, endear the Duke to satiny that his late liberal measures have estranged from him, by showing them that where he can indulge his inclinations he is yet with them. So, then, we are to remain a-Christian Legislature,pure and with out admixture. It is true, the Legislature, though purely Christian, is somewhat loose in its morality ; for, according to the advocates of the Ellenborough Divorce Bill, immorality is as certain a criterion of fashionable society, as hypocrisy in affecting an ex ternal respect for religion, for the sake merely of imposing on the vulgar. It is true that the object of Government is to secure men in their persons and properties; and that it is difficult to understand why a man should be deprived of any of the advantages for the sake of which men enter into the social union, because he believes in the Old Testament, and not in the New, if there is nothing in his belief which incapacitates him from !Ring as good a sub ject as a Christian can be. Religion is merely in so ter of importance with reference to Government as it is supposed to afford, in the hopes and fears of a future world, a guarantee for good con duct in this. If a Jew be sincere, he fur nishes in this respect the same guarantee to society which the Christian does. Against insincerity there is no safeguard; because a dishonest man will take all tests and swear all oaths; and therefore, while there is always a presumption that be who refuses a test when it is his interest to take it is an honest man, the taking a test merely proves that a man is in the way which all dishonest men are sure to pursue, though all honest men also pursue it. Blanco White tells us that thesTead of infid e lit y i n S pa i n pat an end to the Inquisition, because infidels were too prudent to refuse any test. A Jew who o b eys the dictates of his religion, is as much bound to dis charge every duty of a good citizen as a Christian' can be. The question of the truth of the religion i s quite distinct. The Jew may find himself mistaken in his hopes—he may have placed his relianceon o at w ill fell him in the hour of exigency; but this Years. Real Value. 1815 £43,447,373 1816 49,653,245 1817 40,328,940 1818 40,349,235 1819 45,180,150 1820 34,252,251 182 I 35,569,077 1822 Years. Real Value. 1823 £36,176,897 1824 34,589,410 1825 37,600,021 1826 38,077,330 1827 30,847,52 k 1828 36,394,817 1829 36,150,379 1830 35,212,873 T0ta1....£3i1,605,398 Total £285,049,255 Decrease .... 39,554,143 1 £324,603,398 There can be no mistake about this, for it is so clear, so plain, so intelligible, that even a child may un derstand it. Here, then, comparing the first eight years after the war with the last eight years, there appears a decrease in the value of our exports of no less than thirty-nine millions, five hundred and fifty four thousand, one hundred and forty-three pounds sterling ! ! ! If we look at the first four years, and compare them with the last four, the result is still more distressing. In the former period we exported goods to the amount of 173,778,7931., and in the latter period only 138,605,6271., showing a decrease in the short period of four years of upwards of thirty five millions of pounds sterling ! ! ! But this is not the worst part of it. We have not only lost about thirty-five millions since 1826, but a much larger sum, if we take into consideration the fact that we have exported a much larger quan tity of goods in the latter than in the former period. The quantity exported is enormously increased, but the value of our labour is la mentably decreased. The pernicious effects of this we see in the numerous acts of bankruptcy, the ruinous speculations of merchants, the inadequate profits of manufacturers, and the wretched wages of labourers. We have destroyed our home trade, and now our foreign trade is not worth carrying on. We have narrowed the consumption of the domestic market, and glutted the market abroad—therefOre we toil, and spin, and weave, at starvation prices, export at a loss, try one venture to redeem another, and the Gazelle finishes the farce. This has been our way for years; and the impudent rogues who make a gain by the misfortunes of the manufacturer, and the pauperism of the weaver, stand by and cheer the mad Minister on, bawl prosperity till he becomes deaf, and while they know in their hearts that the country is fast going to destruction. The system, it is true, will, sooner or later, cure itself, hut God help those at whose expense this hazardous cure is to be performed. This comes of governing a great, commercial, manufacturing, and agricultural country, by gentlemen of the marines, gentlemen of the ordnance, gentlemen of the light infantry, and gentlemen of the horse guards l—illorning, Journal. It appears, by our Private Correspondence from Terceira, that the blockade of that island is con ducted in so inefficient a manner, as to have more the form than the reality of a blockade. It appears that no less than eight vessels had put in at the island within the spaceof eight days, and had not met with the slightest opposition or hindrance from any of Don Miguel's vessels, cruising around the island. Whether this apparent negligence on the part of the blockaders be intentional or not, is difficult to say; but it is possible that it may be designed to lull the garrison of Terceira into a fallacious security, with 4 yiew to some meditated plan of surprise. Our Correspopdent says " the impression here is, that they do not w i s h to p reven t any vessels from enter ing the port; and, indeed, it is impossible to sup pose oth erw i se, considering titer, coupled the circumstance withthe fineness of the wea of vessels entcr. ing at all hours of the day." A confident enemy falls an easier prey than a cautious one, and the Portu guese may be supine upon that calculation. As to the financial matters connected with the Regency, and which have been represented as in a very criti cal situation, our Correspondent gives us the fol lowing intelligence :—" An uneasy sensation was created amongst the English residents here, owing to some misunderstanding relative to some bills which were transmitted to London, and, it appears, were not duly honoured, The Marquis de Palmella, on his arrival, sent for the holders, and explained all the circumstances of the case in so satisfactory a way, that those who hold cash are anxious to procure bills for it." We know not whether, in this instance, our Correspondent speaks from hearsay, or from his own personal knowledge; we give the information as it was seat to us, only-observing that it is from a most respectable source.— Morning Herald. A pamphlet has been put into our hands en titled, " A Dispassionate Appeal to the Legislature, Magistrates, and Clergy of the United Kingdom, against Mr. Calcraft's proposed Bill for throwing open the Retail Trade in Malt Liquor," avowedly the production of a County Magistrate, which, though it does not contain many new observations, and is in error, in part, in those which are made, de serves, nevertheless, the serious attention not only of those to whom it has been more immediately ad dressed, but of the public at large. The destruc tive nature of the measure, in so far as the Licensed Victualler is concerned—the rashness with which it has been brought forward—and the injustice of depriving, at one fell swoop, a numerous and most industrious body of trillesmen of the hard earned fruits of their industry, without com pensating them for the loss, as well as the small prospect of ultimate benefit to be derived from it, or rather the almost unerring certainty of evil, are well pointed out. " The Chancellor of the Exchequer," observe the author, " has no doubt been told by some influential friends among the landed interest, that he will increase the consumption of barley fifty per cent., by taking off the Beer Duty, and throwing open the trade entirely.— But as the reduction of duty will not amount to twenty per cent. on the retail price of strong beer, it is a matter of doubt whether an increase of consumption will ,take place to the amount of thirty per cent. beyond the present demand, unless other circumstances besides the repeal of the Beer Duty were to concur for bettering the condition of the labouring classes, who are in all cases the great con sumers of malt liquor. But even allowing the demand to increase one-third beyond the present amount, the public houses already licensed in London and its environs, could accommodate at least double the average number of per sons that frequent such houses, while the licensed houses in all the provincial towns and villages would accommodate four times the average number of customers, except in very extraordinary cases of local interest;—in all which cases temporary accommodation may be obtained at the houses immediately adjacent, as is customary at present (luring the time of assizes, quarter sessions, public meet ings, or races." There is, consequently, as the writer observes, no satisfactory ground for increasing the number of public-houses—on the contrary, we believe that it would greatly contribute to the good quality of malt liquor, arid assuredly to the benefit of the public, were even the present number diminished ; but thee, say the advocates of the desired free trade in Beer, tire high rents and premiums which are given for public-houses disprove the assertion. On this point, however, the author of the pamphlet before us has a satisfactory reply : " With respect to the clamour," says he, " that has been raised again publicans for paying a large rental for houses, which additional rent is supposed to be charged on the customers, the same objection would apply to every other class of tradesmen in the United Kingdom. It might with as much justice be contended, that a baker or butcher, who by great assiduity has established a va luable trade in certain premises, shall not demand an in creased rental or premium on transferring such premises to another man, as that the owner of a public-house shall not make the most of his property when a fair op portunity offers." With regard to the attack which the " County Magistrate" conceives to be made by the proposed measure upon the character of the Magistracy, we really cannot join in opinion with him. The Ma gistrates have undoubtedly exercised their authority, in many instances, to the great benefit of the pub lic, by refusing licences to persons of bad charac ter, and who might naturally have been supposed incapable of managing, with any degree of regard to the public morals, a business which, of all others, requires to be entrusted to upright hands; but then it is notorious, on the other hand, that their con• duct has been frequently stained by the most cot , rupt, oppressive, and tyrannical decisions, against which, until lately, the Licensed Victualler had no remedy and no appeal. We perfectly agree, how ever, with the following observations : "There is too much reason to fear," says he, " even if certificates as to character Were required by the Board of Excise, that such considerations would very seldom b e taken into account, when it is the interest of those who grant the licence, as well as persons receiving it, to raise no impediment to the measure. The local magistrate, on the ott•er hand, is both politically and morally interested in preventing improper persons from obtaining Victuallers' Licences. From want of due vigilance in this respect lie would create a hot-bed for the midnight burglar, or poacher, in his immediate neighbourhood; as too many instances sufficiently attest in the circuit twenty miles round London, where the magistracy cannot maintain the same salutary controul as they are enabled to do in the more remote districts." With regard again to the benefit expected to be derived from the proposed measure, of an increased consumption and superior quality of malt, our " County Magistrate" observes that, judging from the past, the anticipation will be egregiously disap pointed. The same expec'ation was entertained when the Intermediate Beer Bill was under consi deration ; but what has been the result ? Why that, on the one hand, " that commodity is, in the majo rity of instances, any thing but a genuine extract of malt and hops ;" and, on the other, " that it is generally sold at a profit far greater to the retailer than the profit derived from strong beer or ale, which pays a duty of ten shillings per barrel I" With regard to the origin of the measure there can be no question that it ought to be fathered upon the great brewers, who, by the purchase of a great num ber of public-houses, arid the grant of loans upon others, have given rise to an erroneous idea in the mind of the public, that malt liquor of a better quality, and at an inferior price, would be procured, were the granting of licences to be taken out of the hands of the Magistrates, and the trade completely thrown open ; but here, as in most other cases, the penalty of the crime—if crime it be—is to fall upon those who have no share in the alleged abuse. — The Brewers, in fact, have, for the last twenty years, been getting rid, as quickly as they could, of their public-house property. The house of Barclay and Co., we are told, has not now even one hundred upon its hands—that of Whitbread also compara tively few; and though others, such as Calvert's and Hanbury's, are differently situated, yet the fact cannot be denied, that while the Licensed Victu allers will, on the one hand, be the greatest suffer , era, because to them there is no prospect of com pensation from the reduction of the duty, the Brewers—those at least who have but few houses —will be comparatively little tin-injured. The Licensed Victualler, in fact, as the author of the pamphlet observes, " is to be made the scape-goat of the whole measure. He has to sustain a loss of fifty, or in many instances of advantageous situation of a hundred, per cent. in the value of premises, raised, chiefly by the competition of brewers, while in his trade he will sustain au annual loss to an equal amount, from having the beer trade thrown open to every competitor." la conclusion we recommend the pamphlet, from which we have extracted thus largely, to the candid consideration of the Government arid the Legisla ture, and particularly the latter part of it, in which the writer recommends " That some general Act of Parliament be framed to consolidate and amend the numerous Acts which at pre sent relate to the management of public-houses, and which of late years have inflicted great hardships on the Licensed Victuallers of London and its environs, from encouraging men of the lowest character to bring informations against publicans, to procure penal convictions for imaginary offenoes."—lllorning Advertiser. AMERICAN PAPERS. LATEST FROM COLOMBIA. We have received several important documents from Co lombia, through the politeness of Mr. Radcliff, late Consul for the United States at Litna, who arrived in the brig Medina, from Carthagena. _ _ Mr. Radcliff informs us that all goes quiet at Car the na, and the opinion was that there would be no fight ing. At Guayaquil it was thought that Bolivar would he made President for life. At the last dates from Lima (Nov. 20th) elections were to take place for President and Vice-President, and it was probable that Gamarra would be continued as President. Mr. Lawrence had arrived. All was quiet in Peru. The Constituent Congress of Colombia wail installed at Bogota on the 20th January, according to the decree of December 24. Forty-seven deputies were present, exceed ing two-thirds of the whole number required for a quorum. They went from the palace of the government, with the Liberator President at their head, to the Cathedral, to at tend a solemn mass, and thence to the hall appointed for their sessions, where many citizens were present. There, after a short speech, the President, accompanied by the Ministers of Foreign Relations and the Interior, ad ministered the oath to the deputies, who presented them selves two by two. The deputies then proceeded to vote for their President, and Urdaneta received three votes, Sucre twenty-five, Borrero fifteen, Castillo one, Restrepo two, and Canabal one. Sucre, therefore, was declared President. Esteves, Bishop of Santa Mari% was then chosen Vice-President by 30 votes, and Burgos,'Secretary. The Liberator then declared the Congress legally installed, and gave the *era their seats. General Sucre then made a speech, in which "he praised the firmness with which Bolivar had guided the Republic in a dangerous crisis, convoking a Congress which will be able to heal all its distresses, and abdicating spontaneously the unlimited power which the people had confided in him." His Excellency replied that "in the Congress were placed the best and most legitimate hopes of the nation, to which they would undoubtedly give a constitution full of power and liberty, and that he retired with the greater confidence, because he left at the head of the representatives the Great Marshal of Ayacucho." " THE LIBERATOR TO THE COLOMBIANS. " Colombians,—This day I cease to command you. I have served you in quality of a soldier and a magistrate. In that long period we have recouquered the country, libe rated three republics, and suppressed many civil wars; and four times I have restored to the people their omnipo tence, by spontaneously assembling four constituent Con gresses. Three services were due to your virtues, valour, and patriotism,—the glory of having directed them to me. The Constituent Congress, which has been this day installed, finds itself intrusted by providence with giving to the nation the institutions it desires, by following the course of circumstances and the nature of things. " Fearing I might be considered as an obstacle, in placing the Republic on the basis of its happiness, I have thrown myself from the lofty magistracy to which your bounty has raised me. Colombians! I have been the vic tim of ignominious suspicions, without having had the power to defend the purity of my principle.. The same persons, who have aspired at the supreme command, have endeavoured to tear me from your heart., by attri buting their own sentiments to me—by making me ap pear the author of projects they have conceived, and by representing me as aspiring at a Crown which they have offered me more than once, and which I have rejected with the indignation of the proudest republican. Never, never, I swear to you, has my mind been stained by ambi tion for• a kingdom, which my enemies have artfully forged, to destroy me in your opinion. " Undeceive yourselves, Colombians ! my only wish has been to contribute to your liberty, and the preservation of your repose; if for this I have been blameworthy, I mote than any one else merit your indignation. Do not listen, I beseech you, to the vile calumny and the base covetous ness for which discord is excited on every side. Will you allow yourselves to be blinded by the imposture of my detractors? You are not so senseless. " Colombians ! Approach the Coustituted Congress. It is the national wisdom, the legitimate hope of the people, and the last point of meeting for patriots. On its sovereign decrees depend our lives, the happiness of the Republic, and the glory of Colombia. If you are fatally torn away, and abandon it, there is no other safety for the country, and you will sink in the ncean of anarchy, leaving, as an inheritance to your children, crime, blood, and death. " Countrymen ! Hear my last words on terminating my political career. In the name of Colombia, I beg you, I beseech you to continue united, lest you should become the assassins of the country, and your own executicners. " Bogota, Jan. 2. " BOLIVAR." We have not room to translate, in full, the other, docu ments. In the " Exposition of facts made to the Congress by the Council of Ministers," at Bolivar's orders, Castillo says, that almost all the Colombians have made expressions within a few years past, in relation to the kind of govern ment proposed to be established, and all agree on that which shall best support liberty, The Duly difference is in regard to the executive power. " Some," he says, " desire a supreme magistrate for life—others an hereditary one. The greater part desire that he may be elective and temporary. The Liberator alone has not expressed an opinion." In his message to the Congress, Bolivar says, " I fear, with some reason, that my sincerity may be doubted, when I speak teyou of the magistrates who must preside over the republic. But the Congress ought to be convinced that their honour is opposed to their thinking of me for that appointment, and mine in thinking of accepting it. Be lieve me, a new Magistrate is indispensable for the re public—the people wish to know whether I will ever cease to command,—the American states regard me with a cer tain inquietude, which may bring upon Colombia evils like those suffered in Peru. Even in Europe there arc some who fear I may discredit, by my conduct, the noble cause of liberty. From this time, I am only a citizen in arms, to defend the country, and obey the Government, &c." F R o m c m/A .—We have been favoured by Capt. Tripp, of the ship Florida, with the Mercurio de Valparaiso of November 27, and December 1. We are unable to form an opinion of the exact state of things in that country, but we ere able to gather from the papers that a revolution has taken place, by which the Government has got into new hands (probably those in favour of a confederate systetn) and that little blood appears to have been shed. We learn from a passenger on board the ship Florida, from Lima, that the inhabitants of the province of Concep tion had declared themselves independent of the Govern ment of Chili. The insurrection had become quite alarm ing, so that nearly all the foreign merchants of Santiago had left that place, and had tone to Valparaiso with their property, in consequence of which a great many robberies had taken place. INGREDIENTS WHICH FORM WATER.--If the two aeriform fluids, called oxygen and hydrogen, be mixed together in a certain proportion, the compound will be water. In this case, the components are different from the compound, not merely in the one being air and the other liquid, but in other respects not lees striking. The compound water extinguishes fire, and yet of the com ponents, hydrogen is one of the most inflammable sub stances in nature, and the presence of oxygen is indis pensably necessary to sustain the phenomenon of coinbus tion,—Dr. Lardner's Cabinet Cyclopcedia, Vol. V. SINGULAR PROPOSAL.—A young lady came over from a great distance " to be cured," and when 1 asked her what was her complaint, she replied, " As to that matter, I believe there is not a single complaint under the sun which I have not got." Here was a fine cata logue of disorders ! I asked if she were married or single? " Single," was the answer. I then told her, that so many complaints as she seemed to have, could only be cured by a husband ! At which observation she was exceedingly exasperated ; but her anger terminated in a proposal to many me ! I never was more surprised in my life, and looked quite stupid. —Ha rdy's Travels in Mexico. EXTRAORDINARY COMBAT.—My atten tention was suddenly diverted by a splashing in the water below me. It was a combat between a seal and two mon strously large sharks. Never did I witness any thing half so terrific. I could scarcely breathe from anxiety. The commotion in the water was very great, and the long tails of the sharks were at intervals ;bar or five feet out of wa ter, making muscular efforts, and flouncing with ferocious ener gy, to keep the seal from rising to the surface. Pre sently their tails entirely disappeared, and in an instant more the ruffled surface of the water, where the combat had taken place, was discoloured with blood, bubbling up from below; and a perfect smoothness succeeded, which left only a trace of where the fight kad been. Two of the crew told me they had also beheld the fight, and afterwards saw the poor seal crawl out of the water upon the rocks with his entrails hanging out. Judging from the appear ance of the sharks swimming round the island close to the shore, I should imagine they cannot be short of thirty feet long. They look like whales ; and I took especial care neither to venture into the water myself, nor suffer any of our men to do eo.—Hardy'i Travels in Mexico. is an affair between him and the Deity. On earth we usurp on the rights of others the moment we make their religious belief a ground for setting our selves above them, there being nothing in their be lief which prevents their virtuous discharge or all the duties of a good citizen.—Morning Chronicle. It is lamentable to think that to whatever quarter we turn, or whatever interest comes under consi deration, we discover marks of that complicated moral and commercial devastation which has extended over the whole country, and is gradually exhausting our resources, impairing our energies, and sapping the very foundat►ons and institut►ons of society. For several years has this fatal disorder been making progress. First it assailed the extremities—one limb after another—it attacked the head last year and caused delirium—at present it has seized upon the chest, and by and by it will be at the heart. This will be followed by convulsions, agonies indescribable, the wild curse and the deep groan—and then will come the end. It is strange that those who have most to dread from the effects of this political plague seem the least active in their endeavo►►rs to eradicate it, and, like desponding and desperate men, shut their eyes, incline their heads, and in sullen silence wait their fate. Every day for the last four years has afforded proof of our rapid decline—of our dimi nishing powers—of our increasing weakness and helplessness. In agriculture, commerce, and manu factures we perceive nothing but augmenting em barrassment and progressive decay. The three car dinal interests being injured, the lesser and depend ent ones must suffer in a corresponding if not in a greater degree. If the former be distressed, the country tradesman and retailer must be embarrassed in the same ratio. If all these suffer privation, the market of the manufacturer must be narrowed. If the supply of the manufacturer be limited to the demand, diminished production must require fewer hands, or what is the same thing, reduced wages. As the distress increases in one branch it must in crease in the other, for where the cultivator is pinched the manufacturer cannot be prosperous. We have already illustrated these propositions by the various details and official documents which have been laid before Parliament since the opening of the present session. We have shown the rapid decrease in the consumption of all exciseable com modities—the consequent fall of prices—fall of profits —fall of wages—a fall in many places down to the pauper and starving point—and this, mind reader, among a people who have taxes just as exorbitant, en gagements as onerous,longleases as high as we had dur ing high prices and high wages. In addition to this we have higher poor-rates now than we had during high profits and wages. Let any sober and sensible man reflect seriously on these facts, and, with his decision as to the possibility or impossibility of the present system being persevered in much longer without producing a national bankruptcy, we will be satisfied. We care not who the individual is, provided he can count his ten fingers and judge im partially, for we are certain his verdict must be in our favour. By the grace of Parliament we are en abled to submit some additional facts worthy of being made known. If we could persuade our coun trymen to judge by facts rather than by empty, sel fish, aryl perverted speeches in Parliament—by offi cial documents rather than by the slippery and insi dious falsehoods of the quacks and the foreign job bers—by common sense rather than by what is called argument in a certain house of bad fame—we feel persuaded they have power to save them selves. If, however, they continue to drink at the poisoned fountain, and allow themselves to be juggled and deceived as they have been hitherto, they must abide the consequences. These conse quences will be arrible. They will fall like the curse of God on them, and on their children, and their children's children. They will expel the landowner from the mansion of his fathers. They will turn the minister of religion into the highway to beg - his bread. They will convert our flowery fields into barren heaths, and overturn all that is noble and virtuous, and venerable and independent, in this our father land. The struggle may be long—it may perhaps sometimes appear to be doubtful—but, if we persist in our present policy, all that we fear arid predict is as sure to happen as that the sun shines. The document to which we allude has just been printed by order of the House of Commons — it exhibits the declared or real value of all our ex ports from Great . Britain and Ireland front 1815 to 1830. It comprehends both produce and manu factures. EXPORTS. AFRICAN PANTOMIME. During our stay at Katunga we were wit nesses to a kind of pantomime, which amuse ment the inhabitants generally prefer, in honour of the caboceers, whenever they pay a visit to the King, as was the case in that instance. The place chosen for the exhibition was a large en closure, contiguous to the King's residence, covered w►th verdure, and as level as a bowling green. It was rendered particularly pleasant by the refreshing shade afforded by clumps of small trees, which studded the spot in all directions. Two huge shapeless rocks of crumbling gra►►ite marked the limits of the play ground to the south ; the King's house those to the north ; and a range of trees intercepted the view to the east and west. A lofty fan-palm-tree grew in the centre of the place, under the branches of which the actors were accommodated ; and a temporary fence, erected round its trunk, screened them from observation, whenever they chose to remain concealed. A most astounding din from drums, horns, and whistles, was the signal for the performers to begin their manoeuvres. The first act con sisted of dancing, capering, and tumbling by about twenty men, enveloped in sacks, which novel and elegant divcrtisement was continued with admirable spirit for a full half hour, when the contents of the sacks becoming fatigued, bundled themselves back to the palm-tree. The second act commenced almost imme diately after, with attempting to catch the boa constrictor. To affect this object, one of the dancing sacks came out of the place of hs con cealment, and fell gently and most conveniently to the ground, when a monstrous tnis-shapen figure, with an enormous head-dress, from which streamed a variety of strips of scarlet damask and country cloth, slowly approached the recumbent sack from behind the fence. The figure was of most gigantic stature, and changed its appear ance as often as the enchanted Turk in our puppet-shows. It held in its band a sword, and by its motions, as well as the commanding attitude it assumed over the other actors, ap peared to be the director of the pageant. Another fellow in a sack was then brought out, and being placed bolt upright by the side of the figure, by the application of a slight blow, fell near to its peaceable companion, and by a little shifting contrived to get its head close to that of the other. The mouths of the two sacks hay ing been previously unsewn, the contents of the one crawled into the other, and after these for malities the representation of the boa presently began. The reptile at first thrust its head out of the bag and attempted to lay hold of the tre mendous figure, who contrived, dexterously enough, to make it' draw itself into the sack again by a flourish of his weapon, which the knowing animal appeared to understand per fectly well. The head of the boa was then jutted out in a different direction, and by de- i grees the whole body protruded itself from the place of its confinement into open day-light, and remained exposed for a few seconds to the gaze of the multitude. It appeared to be about 14 feet in length, and by reason of the painted cloth with which it was covered, might easily be mistaken for the animal it was intended to repre sent. The angry monster, after a short pause, pursued the fantastical figure with the sword, rather slowly, to be sure, but withal very naturally—going through the motions of a snake by coiling itself round like a rope, open ing and shutting its jaws, and darting out its forked tongue; all of which elicited the rap furous applauses of the bystanders. But the pursued, although it never was at a greater dis tance from the reptile than a few feet, never had the courage to come in contact with its fangs. At length, at a given signal by the manager, the whole troop of actors rushed to the spot ; they were then Backless, but their fea tures were effectually concealed by masks reach ing to the bosom. The figure then began to act on the offensive, by chopping the irritated monster's tail with his weapon in a shocking and most unmerciful manner. The snake apparently writhed in agony, and convulsively twisting its body for a few moments, whilst it endeavoured, without effect, to be revenged on its formidable adversary by extending its neck to bite ; when life seeming to be nearly extinguished, it was borne off on the shoulders of the actors to the tetish- house. The third and last part of this extraordinary ceremony, consisted in the representation of the caricature of a white man. One of the sack dancers, placed by himself on a clear spot of ground, near to the palm•tree, gradually de tached his covering, and exposed the figure of a man, of a chalky whiteness, to the fixed looks of the people, who set up so terrific a shout of approbation that it startled us, prepared as we had been to expect some such explosion. The figure walked but indifferently well, and mi micked our actions as badly ; the composition with which it was bedaubed, evidently preventing the actor from using his limbs freely, or perform ing his part with the facility he could have wished : although his embarrassments was ap parent to us, yet the populace did not seem to take the least notice of this defect, and an uni, versal roar of laughter expressed the delight which filled every bosom. The pantomimic In cident had now attained its utmost bounds, and all eyes, swimming in tears, were directed first to us, and then to the intended representation of us, as much as to say, " what a faithful and striking resemblance !' We entered most cor dially into the good humourOf the moment, not. so much on account of the clumsy and unsightly figure before us, as to see a vast circle of white teeth grinning at the same moment, and pro ducing an irresistibly ludicrous effect. After exhibiting himself in this manner about an hour, the white man was enveloped in his sack, and borne, like the serpent, to the fetish house, when the amusements ended, and the people quietly dispersed. Between the acts we were enter tained with a concert of drums and whistles as well as country songs from the females who were present, in the chorusses of which the people generally joined.—Lander's African Records. 111015 E OF CATCHING THE TURTLE.-- , A. turtle is a very lethargic animal, and may frequently be surprised in its watery slumbers. The balsa is placed nearly perpendicularly over one of these unsuspecting sleepers, when the fisherman softly sliding the pole through the water in the direction of the animal, till w►thin a foot or two of it, he suddenly plunges the iron into its back. No sooner does the creature feel itself transfixed than it swims hastily forward, and endeavours to liberate itself. The slightest motion of the turtle displaces the iron point from the long pole, which would otherwise be inevitably broken, and the turtle would as certainly be lost : but in the manner here described, it is held by the cord fastened on to the iron which has penetrated its back, till after it has sufficiently exhausted its strength it is hoisted on board the cane by the fisherman, who proceeds to the shore in order to dispose of his prize.—Hardy's Travels in Mexico. BIRTH. In Trak*, the latly of Montgomery Agnew Martio, E.q• of a son. THE CHURCH IN IRELAND. DUBLIN, APRIL 13.—Yesterday the greatest op* position was given by the Roman Catholics, at the different Vestries, against various items in the ac counts presented for an assessment of church-rates; and as several meetings are to be held this day, a nd . ,., during the week, on the same subject, it is expected that they will persevere in their exertions with re newed rigour, on the alleged ground of the amount and illegality of many of the charges; but, in truth, the Catholics now speak more boldly and openly than ever they did against the principle of their being in any manner obliged to contribute to church rates. The higher order of Roman Catholics may go on making professions of their disposition to up hold the Protestant Church Establishment; but, without wishing to offer them any offence, I may be permitted to have my doubts respecting the sin cerity of their professions. As to the middling classes, to use a vulgar phrase, they do not put " cap or cloak" on their principles; and they say they cannot understand why they should pay for the celebration of Divine Service in a Protestant Church when Protestants do not give a similar contribution, by law or otherwise, for the same purpose, to places of Catholic worship. Believe me the same feeling is rapidly spreading amongst the lower orders • and according as the middle orders speak out, pe rhaps the lower will act against the system. I now write from one of the most opulent parishes in D u blin (St. Peter's), near two o'clock. The'venerable Archdeacon Torrens in the Chair. The room is crowded. The Catholics are taking an active part in the election of Churchwardens. To-morrow the asseesment will be made, and this being the parish in which Mr. O'Connell resides he is to come for ward to-morrow. Half-past Two o'Clock. The ice is broken. The first step is taken to lay the foundation of as great a commotion as perhaps ever existed respecting the Protestant Church in Ireland. The meeting was about to break Hp, when Mr Dolan, a member of the late Catbolic Association, gave notice that he intended to propose to-morrow, to the Vestry Meeting, that out of the assessments 100/. should be granted to repair the Catholic Chapel of Rathntines, in this parish. He was backed by Mr. Redmond, another member of the ex-Asso ciation, and both members of the Society of the Friends of Ireland. Mr. Redmond said, that the Catholics had been doing the work of the Protest ants for the last century, and it was but fair nos that the Protestants should, in return, work for, them. Archdeacon Torrens was struck almost dumb at the proposition. He confessed he was taken by surprise; he conceived that such a grant, would be illegal, and that he, as a Churchman. would be bound to oppose it. Several Protestants present expressed their determination to oppose it- Thus a frightful battle will be fought by O'Connell and his partisans, and others, to-morrow, and a fire brandthrown among the people.—Morning Paper. THE MARKETS. SOUTIIALL MARKET—ApriI 14. This day's supply of Beasts was limited, of other ti t stock moderately good, the trade was very dull through' out, at the following prices per stone of Sib. to sink the offals 8eef,,,,...,..,,,. 33.0 d. to 4s. Od I Vea1,.................... 6.1. 4d. to 61. Od• Mutton —. 4 2 4 2 Pork ........—..... 3 6 4 6 Lamb 6s. Od. to 7s. 01. The foregoing quotations are, Mutton Yd. to 4d., best Lamb 4d., and Veal 2d. per stone lower than on this day se'nniglit; in prices of Beef, Pork, and inferior Lamb, no alteration.: Beasts, 132; Sheep and Lambs, 3,176; Calves, 30; Pigs, '— But a small part of the supply left the market unsold. COUNTRY CORN AIARKEI'S DURING THE WEEK._ Wheat. Barley. .1 Oats. Beans Per Quarter. s. to s. a. s. s. to s. s. to 8. Blandford 59 29 23 Brigg _ 63 70 28 SA 18 24 34 38 Cambridge— —l39 27 20 — yC Chard Huntingdon..... 58 69 26 33 17 25 25 36 33 Long 60 68 20 26 32 Louth 59 64 28 32 19 23 30 :k 4 Lynn , 56 70 28 35 18 26 St 36 Newark 66 '73 30 30 21 28 33 47 Nottingham 63 '72 27 48 21 26 92 4 , 7 , Peterborough 56 '7O 37 40 18 25 37 V= Plymouth 54 70 26 36 22 98 33 43 Pontefract= 60 92 21 40 Sleaford 65 70 28 34 18 24 96 38 Uppingham 63 71 28 29 20 28 Si 4,5 56 70 20 26 30 36 LI VERPO, IL CORN EXCHANGE.-April 11 We had a full attendance of both town and country dealers, some of the latter from markets where our prices have not lately been enabled to compete, and a fair extent of business was transacted in Wheat, at an advance on our previous quotations of hi. to 2d. per bushel : tl►e chief attention was, however, directed to the liner do seriptions. Nor were Oats neglected, though held fur all improvement of id. to Id. per bushel, at which advance sales to a considerable amount were effected, some choice qualities reaching Ss. 6d. per 451 b. Grinding Barley wee hi. to 2d. per 601 b. dearer, but there was no amendment in Malting qualities ; nor can we vary the quotations for any other Grain. Flour was not free sale, but holders were firm, and Oatmeal brought 6d. per load more money. WHEAT, English, White, per 701 b. Red --. Scotch, Welch, and Manx - Irish, White 9 9 I() 0 -- Red 9 0 10 0 Foreign lO 6 11 3 OATS, English, Welsh, and Scotch, per 451 b 3 8 3 it - Irish - Foreign 3 3 3 4 BARLEY, English, Malting. per Imp. quarter 36 0 38 0 - Scotch and Irish, per 601bs. --= Feeding 4 3 4 4 BEANS, English, per Imperial quarter 3B 0 44 0 -- Irish, &c. - Foreign Passe, English, per Imperial quarter ... ...... - Foreign Fume, English, per • 2801 b. 53 0 64 0 - Irish ... ........ ...... 51 0 SS 0 ____ O►TMEAL, English and Irish, per 2401bs 27 0 32 0 INDIAN CORN, per 4401 b. ltva, per Imperial quarter MALT, per Imperial quarter IMPORT OF Guam for the Week ending April 12. Wheal 2 Oats. Barley Flour. Oatmeal Q. Qrs. Qrs. IForeign, Brls Seks.l Loads. 12,042 ,024 2,33 D 3,1312 I 2,667 1 '77 1 LEEDS CORN MARKET.—ApriI 13. We have had a small supply of Grain to this day's mar ket, Beans excepted. Fine Wheat was quite as high 3 9 last week, but other descriptions dull sale. Fine fresh heavy Malting Barley having become scarce, has been 19 • per quarter higher, but other descriptions still remain dull. Oats awl Shelling no alteration in price. Hard New Beata have obtained a little more money, but there can be 0 0 amendment noted in damp New or Old Ones. pease have not varied in price. Malt more free sale. In Rape' seed no alteration. Wheat, Norfolk and Suffolk, 601 b. York. and Lincoln. 601 b. Barley, Norfolk and Suffolk Yorkshire and Lincolnshire Grinding 2ls. to 239 Beaus 631 b. ..... 275. to 38s. Oats, Potatoe 2sa. to 238. i -Igealuig, Foreign 11)6d. to 12d....English Ild. to ISd. per Shelling 925. to Sas. per loi Rapeseed, English, 271. to 29!. Foreign, to per MARRIED. On the 15th inst. at St. Peter's, Cornhill, Mr. rt' e Gorier to Miss Burgess, niece of T. Kinston, E s q., ot , Leadenhall-street. On the 15th inst. at St. Pancras, Lewis Hensley, Es+ , of Great James-street, Bedford row, to Eliza, only daughter of the late Lieut.-Col. de Morgan, of the 110 0 ' East India Company's service. _ . . . _ _ . -- - On the 14th inst. at St. George's, Bloomsbury, WiMaul only son of J. Gorton, Esq., of Highgate, to Julia Hol land, youngest daughter of the late H. Watson, Msg., ° f Congleton, Cheshire. DIED. On the 20th February, at Gibraltar, A. Faiqubary E-1., in the 69th year a his age, the oldest Briti.b resi teemed and regretted. dent merchant of that Place ; muc h an d d e servedly es- On the 17th of February, at Madeira, in his 23d year► . Stuart, eldest surviving sou of the late F. J. Jackson► Esq., his Majesty's Minister Plenipotentiary at the Courts, of Madrid, Vienna, Berlin, &c. On the 13th inst. Mr. J. Wheatstone, of Curditor street, Chancery-lane. Ou the 9th inst. Mrs. Deards, of the Bear and StJ' Hatfield-street, Blackfriars-road. On the 6th inst. at the house of Mr. Wilkins, Bruns' wick-street, Stamford-street, Mrs. Burdett, in the 90th year of her age. On the 14th inst. in Stangate-street, Lambeth, Mr' John Wilkins, iu Lis 67th year. PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY MURDO YOUNG, 414 'rHR Sum Orms kasApism, Loroort sz` -' OONTI TB 3 TRUASI etiVe T. followic One R oot. ji,, To AL offtred ltairt MI to my e in deci 11anot e and to I already success. To t I big ti at the It th e a . % rector c my aliil me.- I ARTIS Tioi T ,• TISI ANNII Freeman The Ri The Broadhi Tick, the Stet Donlan, LOOK NE Ala /I Whic Plage, Will co , Tx.% an, and the any cal This on 4 81 Bhillinp and wil G/E T Campsi The day, of applicat " Th the lan' Count r y and civ eteellen GiEl Month th e Rev u 4 iforn i an t i tna " TI t uetlical •,, w we have at It i ppe 1i The Inau of AFGA I Protest V ONtoe; Moir, the L as Td thoe of this • r eqUisit deficied tioil of "w edition. the put in Publi ever b e ragemei Christia 4 ` Th able c wo nazi thesein AB REFO' LAND preseht Atttbor *" T 1 matches lication assert t Christe mind ii Dish Sir Th Bart Si . ; Ha Ilartit -- --- P.R. John .] Henry John ] H. P. C. R. J. • C.] Willia GOV WH]