The Sun. — London, England, 1831-06-10 00:00:00

FRANCE. SUCCESS AND SUBSEQUENT DEFEAT oF TAIL' POLES—WHAT D 0 THE BELGIANS SAY TO THE ELEC TION OF PRINCE LEOPOLD ?—COM PLAINTS OF FRENCH CATHOLICS AND PRIESTS—NE TV DEFEAT OF THE GOVERNMENT AT TARASCON —THE KING'S DEPARTURE FOR THE EAST OF FRANCE ! TO THE EDITOR OF THE HORNING CHRONICLE. PARIS, JUNE 74 SIR,—We have the sunshine and the storm to day! They have both arrived at the same moment ! Tile news from Poland is indeed " like the web of our life—a mingled yarn, good and ill together !!" On the north there is hope, s unshine, and encourage ment, but in the south and the east the clouds are dense—the storm has begun, and the rain descends ! Still the sun shines, and a rainbow appears, t o promise us that the clouds shall pass away, and the storm be dissipated, and that the land shall not be deluged—nor the banks of the Narew overflow with the blood of the Poles. Courage, then, my brave fellow men I Courage ye absent and pro (..ribed Polish patriots, who are burning to return to the land of your birth, when that land shall be free —for though Ostrolenka is a heap of cinders, yon will find in every dwelling a hom e , which shall soon be - ready to receive you ! The sunshine of the day may be thus described. The story is soon told—but it is a most interesting and important one. The Lithuanians required help. The Poles resolved on affording it The Russians were slaughtering arid torttsiing all those who fell into their hands—and women and children were ex posed to nakedness, insult, debauchery, and death, to gratify the obscenity, barbarity, lust, and cruelty of the Russian army. This was not to be borne The Poles were too gallant and too humane, too chivalrous and too moral, too true.hearted and noble t) permit this—and, therefore, they resolved en sending succour to Lithuania!! Hear this ye cold and phlegmatic politicians, ye pursy and sleepy ren tiers, ye mock lovers of freedom, and " friends" to what ye call " the liberty of the written law !"—ye worshippers of Mammon and of high prices and things as they are—ye shallow diplomatists—hollow patriots —and idle lookers on upon the wrongs and miseries of others—hear this and blush—hang down your heads—and seek not to stammer out any wretched apology about your love of" peace" and "order," and your aversion to " war and bloodshed ;"—yes, hear this—" when the Lithuanians were unable to main t un their ground against their barbarian oppressors— ttle Poland ! cut off from all resources—a green iyot in a desert of woe—surrounded by enemies, con spirators, and foes—little Poland fighting for her own existence—fighting against extermination-- fighting to prevent herself from bein g blotted out of the map of nations—even Little P oland has sent four thousand men—well armed, well ammunitioned, with cannon and forage, and provender and provi sions, to the aid of the Lithuanians., who cried to all the rest of the world in vain, " Come over and help us!" This handful of brigands," to adopt the terms of " the Nero of the North" (the Emperor Nicholas)! has thus sent Lithuania a force which shall unite, encourage, aid, and defend, and assist in crowning with success the noble exertions of the oppressed, but rising citizens of that country ! I will indulge myself in transcribing two passages from the report of the Polish Commander-in-Chief, which renders an account of this splendid triumph. Would to Heaven I could there close my statement— but, alas ! we have something more than the sun shine to-day—and as the storm has visited us hea vily, let us tell all the truth that Europe may weep whilst Europe rejoices. The two passages to which I must first refer are the following:— " It is thus that the national army having taken the offensive side has driven back in the space of ten days, and with forces much infericr in number, even to the frontiers of the kingdom, an army from which, although we had nothing to fear, yet remained a burthen on our provinces. On different occasions we have made 600 prisoners; among the number of whom is Scharnhorst, an Aide-de-Camp of the Grand Duke Michael. Eight hundred Russians, sick and convalescent, who were at Lomza, have also fallen into our power. " By this movement the National Army has deli vered many districts—has forced the Field-Marshal Diebitsch to recross the Bug with the largest portion of his forces—and in transporting itself on the territory, for a long time incorporated with the Russian Empire, it has opened communications with brethren, whose insurrection daily increases; and i t has acquired us the means of affording to them assistance. The joy with which we have been re ceived by the population cannot he described. Not only in the actual kingdom of Poland, but also in Lithuania, the bourgeois and the peasants manife.ted the lively interest they take in the fate of our common country, and the wishes they form for the success of our cause." This is cheering, consoling, and leads us to hope and be confident. But we must now turn to another prospect, for the thunder of the Russian C3l'llloll reaches our ears, paralyzes our energies, and chills our souls—whilst we read another report from the brave Polish Commander-in-Chief, which an nounces that he has been defeated—that Ostrolenka is a heap of ashes—that 4,000 brave Poles have fallen victims, and that Diebitsch may cheer the savages of the north by his recitals of " a bloody and glorious victory !" Enraged at the intelligence which had reached him of the success of the Polish manoeuvre, of sending assistance to the Lithuanians in revolt, Marshal Diebitsch, after having passed the Bug, directed all his force against the Polish army, and after having come to the assistance of the right wing of his army, he compelled the Poles to evacuate Tykoczin and Lomza, and drove them back, though not without immense loss, to Ostrolenka, which the Russians had set on fire, and reduced to a heap of ruins I Hour after hour did the scene of carnage continue, but when night fell the Poles remained on the field of battle, nowise dismayed or cast down, but resolved to avenge the blood of those who had perished on the banks of the Narcw ; and on the 27th of May the Polish Commander-in-Chief di rected his force towards Pultusk. This afflicting intelligence has been wisely accom- Onied by some judicious observations on the part of the Polish Government. At Warsaw the defeat has been deplored, and the loss of four thousand brave defenders of their country's rights has drawn forth tears from the eyes of even a Polish warrior. But whilst they mourn, they rejoice,—for the ar rival of the four thousand Poles in Lithuania, of whom we have already spoken, under the command of the brave Gielgud, shall ere long lead to ample vengeance on the part of the now oppressed, but b So rave and determined patriots of that province.— the yarn is mingled, and we "have good and ill togeth er ? , . unprotected And still is n o thi ng to b e d one f or P o l an d ? A re the Belgians to be forced by the Pro toeoliqs o f Lendto give up Limburg, and Maestrich t , and \Tenho°, and the left bank of the Scheldt, or expose themselves,as it is maintained, to war with Fran ce , Russia, Austria, Prussia, and England Poland and is and to be left to th e tender mercies of a R oya l butcherdiplist and a modern Caligula? Are the omatssobrave as t o of fiv e form a vast and powerful union nations to enforce their authority on the banks of Scheldt, against the wishes of the the Belgian people—and do four out of those five not dare to raise their voices against the massacres in Poland, because Russia is powerful , has a large army and t, well-manned navy, and her alliance is formidable and her enmity dangerous? Is the King of Hol land compelled, because weak and helpless, to sub mitt to the separation of Holland from Belgium without resistance ? But may the Emperor of Russia, because he is strong and reigns over one third of Europe, for month after month carry on a war of extermination, and efface Poland from the European chart ? Vas the revolution in Belgium more just and provoked than that in Poland ? CCTH utility not. The Belgians were far less oppressed than the Poles; and yet, as war in Belgium would be injurious to trade and commerce, it was put a stop to " upon principle!" whilst in Poland, as the putting a stop to war by force might injure the tal lo•a• trade, and lead to a fall in Russian stocks! why the allies of Russia consume their time in shedding crocodile tears for the fate of Poland-- offering up sham prayers and unavailing sympathy —whilst none dare to say to this Royal marauder, " hitherto thot shalt proceed, but no further." What ia the British Cabinet doing ? What is the British Peace Society about in London i What are the Wilberforces and the grants, the Chal mers and the Evangelical party of your Esta blished Church sa.ing and doing, and writing about this dreadful carnage in Poland ? Is it because Russia is powerful that she has a right to be unjust ? and because she has a large army that she is to be unopposed ? The cause of the Poles is the cause of marihind. With it is con nected that of the spread of knowledge, the esta blishment of achools, the diffusion of Christianity, the circulation of the Scriptures, the progress of the arts and the sciences, and the civilization and happi ness of man. And sled? all these interests be lost sight of in England, simply because Russia is power ful ? Let lingland but pronounce the word, and the Russian army must 'retire i Oh ! that I could rouse the British public to exertion, to activity, and zeal in the cause of Poland. You should not lose yourselves in even the virtuous aelgshness of your own system of Reform. Y know its importance ; and feel its magnitude; but let not even that subject so absorb yiur attention and occupy your thoughts, as not to leave some period of each day for exertion in the cause of the Poles. If Great Britain does not interfere for 'Poland, she must eventually be exter minated ; and though the conflict may be long, and the result protracted, yet if ; step by step, Russia is to be permitted to advance with army after army, and reinfotcement after reinforcement, until all the Poles are butchered, and all their towns and cities destroyed, then eventually Russia must reign over Europe, or a war must arise between all the nations of the Continent and that ambitious and cruel power. Think of these things and let us have no more slum- j ber:ng when such vital interests are in jeopardy. I announced to you in my last letter the election of Prime Leopold of Saxe Coburg to be King of Belgium, subject to his taking the oath required by the Constitution, which pledges him to defend the'. integrity of the territory of that country. The (pies- ticre of what is meant by the integrity of the territory admits of no evasion. The Constitution is clear upon this point. Limburg and Luxemburg form parts of the territory of the Constitution, which the Prince is to swear to defend; and the Congress has elected Thorn, the Governor of Luxemburg, and Destoti velle, the Deputy of Limburg, to proceed to London as members of the deputation charged to offer to the Prince the Crown for his acceptance. And what do the Belgians say to this election ? The proprietors of inns, and post-horses, lodging-houses and tables d'hote, where the Englishman always pays twice as much as any other travellers in Europe, are all in favour of the election I They think that the Prince will bring with him a great many British voyagers; that the lodgings will all be let, the inns all be crowded, and that Brussels will be itself again. These fellows care as little about liberty, civilization, and the happiness of man, as the Grand Viz'er does about the British and Foreign Bible Society—and no more. The commercial men, the manufacturers, the mer chants, and traders of Belgium are divided according to their interest, where they are not patriotic; but are nil opposed to the election where they are real Belgians. The priests, and all who are zealous in the Catholic faith, view the election as bad in principle, and as certain to lead to no permanent state of peace or order. The multitude say, it was surely not worth while to make a revolution' for the sake of having another Protestant Prince placed on the throne to please those who otherwise vowed they would exterminate us by foreign bayo nets. The republicans say that all this cannot last long, for that the election is anti-national, and that Belgium, cut to pieces, parcelled out, and incum bered by debts as she is to be, will be quite inca , pable of supporting the expenses of a Regal Govern ment. And the French party, which is the most talented, respectable, virtuous, and influential, say Prince Leopold must yield in time to public opinion, j and Belgium be re-united to France. Of course, the London optionists will say " all is settled," and, like the fraudulent merchant, who being more than sufficiently insured against fire, viewed with plea sure the destruction of his dwelling, and exclaimed, " I am glad the whole is consumed, as now I shall have all my insurance-money." But the policy was disputed, and the merchant convicted of arson ! And so now these optimists, who think they have destroyed the independence of Belgium, and shall one day prey upon her vitals, will find that there is a flaw in the protocols, for the Belgians are no par ties to them, and the day will come when they shall be torn to pieces. In time mean time we are curious to learn what the Prinee will say, and what the con ference of London will say to this most extraordinary and encumbered election The French Catholics and Priests are crying out most lustily just now at the non-celebration of the late fete Die; by public processions in the streets of all the cities and towns in the kingdom ; and they say that religious liberty does not exist in France ! Let us say a few words about this, to prevent mis apprehension. The Catholics have the right to worship God according to their consciences, either at home or in the temple of their faith. This no one in his senses can deny ! But the Catholics have not the right to have processions of the " Host" in the streets and public places, and have not the right to compel others, who differ from them, to hang up carpets and white linen in the front of their houses when the " Holy Sacrament" passes their doors. Yet, ever since the Bourbons returned to France this act of intolerance has been committed year after year in every part of the kingdom. Now, what has the Revolution of July done in this re spect ? Why it has simply declared, that as reli gion is an affair between God and the soul of man, it has nothing to do with the civil State, nor with the civil rights of private citizens; and therefore, that although the Catholics going voluntarily to a Catholic church ought to enjoy the right of making processions in their churches just as often as they think proper,yet they have no right to leave their churches and wound the feelings, and hurt the minds of those who differ from them, and who consider this " Holy Wafer" to be merely a piece of paste ; and this consecrated wine to be merely a symbol, and not the real blood of the Author of Christianity. I maintain, then, that the Priests and High Catho lics have no right to complain, and that the Revo lution of July has only adopted a just and merito rious line of conduct in prohibiting out of churches all religious processions. It is not persecution, but protection—not intolerance, but religious liberty— and not impiety, but a decent attention to the feel ings and wishes of all. M. Casimir Perier has again been defeated at Tarascon ! ! This is very important. The tree of liberty remains ! Neither civil nor military force dare to touch it. The new troops would join the people, and trees of liberty every where abound. The organ of the Minister is obliged to-day to write as follows : "11 est tree facheux, sans doute, do voir I'aetorite forcee de ceder; mail it serait plus facheux encore pour le pays de voir couler le sang pour l'execution d'une mesure qui n'a eu soi aucune utilite." This affair at Tarascon is very grave ! It has de cided the question, that the French army will not fire on the French people simply because corn. El-landed by their Officers or by the Government to do so ! Thi s question ought never to have been raised. It has been so, and Casimir Perier is de feated Poor Casimir' Perier Yesterday morning Louis Philip left St. Cloud for the eastern departments of France. As he has taken a short-hand w r i ter w i th him, let. us hope that all addresses and replies will be published, and then ,ve shall know a little of the opinions and senti ments o f t h e departments. Will Casimir Perier give them all impartially in the Monilcur ? 1 fear not. But, nevertheless, somehow or other, the readers of the Morning Chronicle shall know the truth. The King will often hear it in the course of his journey. Your obedient servant, 0. P. Q. POLAND. (From a Corespondent of the Morning Herald ) The heroic efforts of the Polish peasantry for the delivery of their country from the common enemy. begets a feeling of gratitude towards them, on the part of the landholders, which promises to change entirely the condition of that most useful class at no distant period. Many of the nobility have already spontaneously abolished all remnants of former ser vitude ; and the Senator Francis Nawaski has de clared each soldier belonging to his large estates, and returning, after the campaign, with a certificate of good behaviour, to be entitled to a freehold property of 50 acres of good arable land, besides a cottage and 100 florins, for the purchase of agricul tural implements: Donations for the support of the army in the field, and the sick and wounded, flow in from all parts of the old Polish provinces and the noble inhabitants of Prussian Poland assist zealously their brethren, in spite of the ukase issued against that much injured nation, disgracing the Prus sian name merely for the sake of a family connection between the Emperor of Russia and the Royal Family of Prussia. The time, however, is not far distant when the Court of Prussia will pay dear for its shameful violations of ail feelings of decency and humanity. The Poles are at this present moment as strong as ever; they have now 100,000 men, regular troops, under arms, besides the new levy of 30,000 recruits. Their fortresses, Zamosc, Modlin, and particularly Praga, are impregnable, and 100,000 Russians would now he insufficient to conquer Warsaw. The dissatis faction with Diebitsch is already beginning to ope rate on the mind of his master. His whole army consists of 80,000 men, besides 24,000 men under General Toll, in the neighbourhood of Lublin. It is only for the supplies brought him from Prussia, under Me escort of Prussian soldiers, that he could maintain himself so long in the position he now oc cupies in the north-east part of the kingdom of Po land. It is little known that, on his entering Poland, lie had been appointed by his master Go vernor-General of the kingdom, with unlimited power, and the Provisional Members of his Coun cil, consisting of some slaves of the Autocrat's Court, arid three degenerated natives of Poland, had actually arrived in Bialystock, from St. Peters burgh, to begin their iniquitous work of destruc. tion, a few days previous to the last movement of the Polish Commander-in-Chief towards Lithuania. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. FRENCH PAPERS. The Polish Government, aware of the moral effect which might be produced by the retrograde move ment of their troops, even though their able Gene ral had attained all the objects which they expected by his advance, has transmitted a circular to their foreign agents explanatory of the late events. We insert this communication, along with other extracts. " The Polish Government has addressed the following communication to its foreign agents : On the 26th a bloody battle was fought at Ostro lenka. Malevolence will no doubt exaggerate our losses. As it is our duty to counteract the false re ports which may be attempted to be set afloat, we hasten to announce to you the results of this battle. Though we have sustained a check, and our troops have fallen back on Pulttik, vet the Comander-in- Chief attained the aim which he had in view, by being able to throw a corps of troops into Lithuania, for the purpose of succouring the insurgents there, and supplying them with officers, artillery, ammuni • ion, and arms. One victory would not have been sufficient to consolidate our independence, but a rising en masse in the Polish provinces, and the co-operation of all the Poles in the common cause, insures to us more ad vantageous results, in a political as well as a military point of view. The news we have received from Lithuania is highly favourable to the insurgents, and describes the enthusiasm and general devotedness of that country, which accounts for the precipitate march of Marshal Diebitsch upon Ostrolenka. He determined to risk every thing in order to cut off our communication with Lithuania. Podolia has already risen. The insurgents are advancing into Volhynia. Batta and Tulczyn are in their possession. The ranks of the Volhynian patriots are daily increasing. So general an insurrection cannot but lead to the happiest results. The check we have experienced has not caused any change in our military position. The retreat from Ostrolenka, far from discouraging us, gives us new courage, for now all the Poles form but one army; and those who perished on the banks of the Narew will find avengers on the banks of the Niemen and the Dwina." (From the Constitutionnel of Tuesday.) (EXTRACT OF A LETTER.) " PARMA, MAY 27.—Yesterday morning, at six o'clock, Ciro Menetti and the advocate Borelli were hanged at Modena. Several of these persons have been condemned to irons. The death of Borelli excites much regret : he was a distinguished and excellent man. _ " The execution took place without the public being informed of it. The servant of Borelli was carrying his breakfast to him when he taw his body on the gallows.' " What grief, what indignation does this simple tale excite! What ! France has not even sufficient influence to save its friends and allies from the gibbet ! (From Le Temps of Tuesday.) ROME, MAY 25.—(Private Correspondence.)— " The evacuation of Ancona was kept secret to the last moment. This event appeared to be one of those advantages which arc not believed till they are completely attained. The negotiation was carried on with great activity at Vienna by the French Go vernment, and it has succeeded. The evacuation began on the 14th May in the evening, and was ter minated on the 19th. The Pontifical troops have resumed their old posts with the usual formalities. " A notification of the following tenour has been sent from the city to the Marches:— " THOMAS BERNETTI, PRO-SECRETARY OF STATE, TO THE INHABITANTS OF THE MARCHES. " The Impetial Austrian troops, after having made a short stay among you to accomplish the work of your deliverance, and to re-establish the pacific government of our legitimate Sovereign, quits your country, leaving behind the agreeable recollection of the military discipline which they have observed, and the tranquillity which you have enjoyed under the protection of their respected and glorious arms. " Such a benefit calls for all your gratitude ; and if the remedy of the many evils caused by a shameful revolt has necessarily cost you some sacri fices, let the recollection of those sacrifices render you prudent to prevent any other disorder, and per suade you that the Powers who have guaranteed the independence and the integrity of the dominions of the Holy See, will never be indifferent to dis turbances of this kind. It depends, therefore, on yourselves to choose either with respect to public order, your own good, or, with disorder, the im mense abyss of calamity and misery which is an or dinary consequence of it. " The Holy Father is at present acquainted in a great measure with your new wants. Deeply sen sible of their importance, he is constantly and anxiously endeavouring to provide for them in the most effectual manner. The ameliorations which he is preparing are real, and so are the advantages which you will derive from them. But your duty is to contribute to them, by persevering in your obedience to him who desires it only for your good, and to render you if possible as happy as his heart desires. (Signed) " F. Cardinal BERNETTI. " Secretary of States Office, May 18.' " " It is now certain that proposals relative to the finances, the customs, &c. have been laid before the Pope, and that ordinances respecting them will be shortly published. " The organization of the tribunals composed of Lyme!) is under consideration, and a career will be opened to youth of respectable families, both nobles and citizens, for whom there has hitherto been scarcely any profession they could embrace. " M. de Saints Aulaire must enjoy the sense of the policy of his Government. On his part he has obtained ample promises of clemency from the Se cretary of State : the Papal Government was quite prepared for it. I told you some time ago, that no body would be punished here; and that if the agi tators of the Carnival were condemned, they would be pardoned. Even young Lupi will not be excepted. 11 Cardinal Benvenuti, whose conduct at the com mencement of these troubles has been so unjustly blamed, will be invested with almost unlimited power in the Marches. His health is recovered, and his talents will be very useful. This conciliatory character will seek to govern by mildness alone. " Thus, after the evacuation, when the provinces shall be left to themselves, it may be hoped that the ameliorations promised by the Sovereign will satisfy the persons interested, and restore concord in the country which is so finely favoured by nature, but whose present form of Government has in it some thing selfish, exclusive, and ill-determined, which does not render the people happy." FRRNCR FUNDS...-PARIS, JUNE 7.-Five per Cents., 9.2 f. 92f. 20e. 23c. 30c. 9.0 c. 25c. 15c. 10c. 15c. 92f. 20c. 25c. 15c. 20c. 25c. 20c. 15c. ; Loan of 1501, WC 23c. 20c. ; Four per Cents. 77C 50c.,* Three per Cents., ti5C 10c. 15c. 25c. 30c. 63f. 20c. 15c. ; Bank Stock,Tl,64of.; Rente de Naples, 72f. 30c 72C; Rente d'Espagne, ; Royal Spanish Loan, 6S; Rente Perpetuelle d'Es pagne,-5414 55 ;',4% 3i i s a 54% 3.4„77;, 3 ,s % 3n ; Haytian LUAU, '2, - ;Of. 252 f. 50c. Exchange on London, one month, paper, 25f. l ic . ; money, 25f. 15c.; three months, paper, 23f.; money, 53f.-fours Atithentique. The Paris Journals of Wednesday, and the Messager and Gazelle, dated yesterday, have just come to hand. They are occupied with comments on the late conflict in Poland. The extent of the Polish loss, and the retreAt of Skryznecki on the capital, are admitted, but are deemed by no means decisive of the fate of the Polish cause. Beyond this these Journals contain nothing worth notice. The Funds underwent a depression on Wednes day, owing principally (says our correspondent) to the growing unpopularity of the Ministry. The public look forward with alarm to the possible destruction of the Polish army (an event which may Heaven avert)! and which may produce domestic consequences here of a serious nature. FRENCH FUNDs.-PARIS, JUNE 8.-Five per Cents. 91f. 75c. 80c. 90c. 80c. 75c. 60c. 65c. 60c. 50c. 65c. 6Uc. 50c. 60c. SOc. 83c. ; New Loan, 91f. 50c. 60c. 90c. ; Three per Cents. 641 50c. 60c. 50c. 60c. 50c. 25c. 15c. 10c. 64f. 64f. sc. 10c. 20e. 25c. 35c. 30c. 50c.; Rente de Naples 71f. The. 50c. 40e. 25c. 15c. 711. 71f. 30c. ; Rente d'Espagne 13!4 ; Royal Spanish Loan 67 ; Rente I'erpetucllc d'Esp• 54Yi 54 53% 54. Exchange on London-One month, paper, 251 10c., money, 23f. 10c. ; three months, paper, 251, money, 24f. 95c. REVOLUTION IN BRAZIL. Intelligence has arrived from Brazil of the most important character, being no less than the abdica tion of the Emperor Doa Pedro, the appointment of a Regency on behalf of his son, under the title of Don Pedro IL, and a total change of the system of government in that country ;—in fact, as it would appear, a revolution, and that effected with the most extraordinary rapidity. This news has been brought to England by a vessel called the Daphne, no letters by which have yet reached town, but it has been communicated by a gentleman who came as passenger in her, and who proceeded to town by express. It is right to mention this, because the circumstance has caused doubts to be thrown in some quarters on the information, but we see no reason for varticipating in those doubts. The gentleman is well known to some of the most respectable houses in the city, and with out any motive for inventing a story of this sort, which is full of details consistent with what we already know, and, besides, is full and circumstantial in regard to dates and MUMS. His narrative is as follows : The Daphne sailed from Rio de Janeiro on the 17th of April, three days after the packet. The public mind in Rio had been for more than a month previously in a state of much excitement, owing to the tumults which occurred at the time of the Em peror's return from the mining districts. He was accused very openly of favouring his Portuguese subjects in regard to those tumults, and the utmost acrimony existed consequently between them and the native Brazilians. The Emperor was almost threatened in an address presented by sonic of the members of the Chamber of Deputies, that a con tinuation of this partiality might induce them to take the government into their own hands. In this state of the public feeling, Don Pedro proceeded, on the sth of April, to appoint a sew Ministry, consisting of the following persons : Marquis of 'RAEPENDY, Finance. ARACATY, Foreign Affairs. ALCANTARA, Justice. LAGES, War. PAR ANAGUA, Marine. These appointments were so unpopular, that as soon as they were known the disaffected broke out into open tumults, and attacked the palace. Don Pedro called on the military to protect him, and gave orders to fire on the people, but, with the exception of a very small number, the whole of them laid down their arms. Thus deserted, nothing rema;ned for the Emperor but flight. He repaired with the Empress and suits consisting of very few persons, on board the Volage frigate, commanded by Lord Colchester. On the 7th he issued a pro clamation, declaring that he abdicated the throne of Brazil in favour of his son, a child only five years of age, whom lie recommended to the care of the nation. He is to bear, it is said, the title of King only, but to be called Pedro 11. The Emperor's flight having thrown every thing into great confusion in the capital, some steps be came necessary to restore order, and to provide for the vacancy in the Government. All the Members of the Chamber of Deputies who were in Rio, col lected hastily together to deliberate on the proper course to be pursued, arid they determined on the appointment of a Regency, to be composed of three individuals of their own body. The persons elected were, Francisco de Lima, by 35 votes, Carcavelas by 40, and Vergueino by 30 votes. They imme diately took upon themselves the supreme power, and the first step was to appoint a Ministry, com posed of the following : Jose Ignacio Borges, Finance ; Guyana, Interior ; M. Jose de Sa. Franca, Justice ; Jose Manuel de Moraes, War; Jose Manuel de Almeida, Marine ; F. Carneiro de Campos, Foreign Affairs; Jose Joaquim de Lima Silva was appointed Commander of the Forces. On board of the Volage frigate, bound to Eng- . land, were the Emperor, the Empress, and the Mar quisses of Cantogallo, Rio Pardo, and Berdal. On board of the Seine French frigate were the young Queen of Portugal, the Marquis and Marchioness of Louie, with some ladies their attendants. These are the principal facts communicated. More complete details will of course be obtained when the letters brought by the Daphne reach town. That vessel has already sailed for Lisbon to carry this important news to Don Miguel. The rate of exchange on England was 22 at Rio on the 17th of April. THE UPAS TREE. —At Baitenzorg we saw in the Governor's garden a small upas tree. It is five feet high, and as many years old, having a straight stem, with a few twigs and leaves upon them at the top. The leaves are very rough, serrated at the edge, and of a deep green colour. It is from the bark of the roots, as we un derstand, that the famous poison is extracted, by a process known to the natives only, and kept by them as an inva luable secret of mischievous knowledge. The tree grows nowhere to perfection, except towards the eastern extre mity of the island, where it sometimes attains the height of 150 feet. It is unnecessary now to say that its pre sence produces none of the blasting effects formerly and fabulously attributed to it. We were permitted to take away several leaves from this plant, which we plucked with our naked fingers with impunity. From the footstalks a white milky sap exuded...-. Tuermau and Rennet's Mis sionary Travels. • REFORM DINNER IN KENT. The triumph of Reform in the county of Kent was celebrated at Rochester on Wednesday last, when a public dinner was given to Mr. Hodges and Mr. Rider, the Members for the county. The only difficulty that opposed itself to the cele bration of this triumph was that of finding a place large enough to contain as many Reformers as would he anxious to be present on such an occasion, but that difficulty was speedily got over by Mr. Baker, of Rochester, who presided at the dinner, and who volunteered the use of his spacious workshops as a dining room. This building, under the tasteful ma nagement of the stewards, was made to assume a very gay and picturesque appearance. It was lined throughout with naval flags, and hung with fes toons, flowers, and laurel arid other evergreens. Four large chandeliers were suspended from the roof, and each of the tables was lighted with gas which had been laid on for the occasion. A number of mirrors judiciously placed in various parts of the room reflected the guests of the dif ferent tables to each other. Across the centre of the room there was erected a long gallery for spec tators, who were all of the fair sex, and who, it is hardly necessary to observe, were the chief and the most attractive ornaments of a scene than which it is impossible to conceive any more animating and agreeable. As much taste and labour had been be stowed upon the approaches to the room as on the room itself. The staircases were wreathed with evergreens, and the grand approach to the dinner room was through a long alcove, formed of shrubs and flowers, which, in the evening was tastefully illuminated with variegated lamps, and was suffi ciently extensive to form a promenade for the fair visit ers. The band of the Royal Marines was stationed outside, and there was a plentiful supply of singers, as well professional as amateurs, who contributed largely to the conviviality of the evenieg. The guests who sat down to dinner amounted to 500 in number; and there would have been many more, if the stewards had not found it necessary to limit the issue of tickets to that number. On the day before the dinner they publiShed a handbill, stating that no more tickets would be issued ; and after the appearance of this handbill, a guinea was repeatedly offered and refused for a ticket, of which the original cost had been only 4s. 6d. Among the more distinguished guests, we noticed Lord Sondes, Lord Teyriham, the Hon. J. BI;gh, R. Bernal, Esq. M.P., J. Mills, Esq. M.P., Capt. Stanhope, M.P., Sir J. M. Tylden, G. N. Coiling. wood, Esq., James Barnett, Esq., James Jacobson, Esq., Major Wayth, C. Darrell, Esq., and the Hon. Captain Grey, son of the Earl of Stamford and Warrington. After the eatables had been despatched, The CHAIRMAN rose to propose the health of our good and gracious King, and expressed his confi dence that the company would do honour to them selves by drinking it with four times four hearty and substantial cheers.—(Applause.) • The toast was then formally given from the chair, and drank enthusiastically, with four times four cheers. Song—" God save the King." " The Queen, and the rest of the Royal Family," was then given with three times three. The CI r IAIRMAN said, that he had next to propose to them to drink the " Navy of England," to which he was sure they would do credit by three cheers. The toast was drank with enthusiasm. Captain MARSHALL, R.N. returned thanks. The CHAIRMAN next proposed " The health of the Army," to which he would beg to add " The health of Lord Hill."—(Cheers.) The toast was drank enthusiastically, and there being a loud call for Sir John Tylden, late a Cole tte( in the army, to return thanks, Sir JOHN rose, amid great and universal cheer ing, to address the meeting. He felt that the duty which he was then performing ought of right to have belonged to his Hon. Friend near him (Cap tain Grey of the 94th Foot); but as they had thought fit to call him forward, he would only say that then, and indeed at all times, his best efforts were at their service. —(Cheers.) He was gratified and delighted in being called upon to speak to such a toast in an assembly where so many bosoms beat responsive to his own, and before sisch a galaxy of beauty as that which he then had the pleasure of seeing before him.—(Cheers.) Hitherto the gal lery had been devoted to the gods; their friends had, however, built a gallery and devoted it to the goddesses.—(Cheers and laughter.) They had heard of Charles Il.'s gallery of beauties; but with such bright eyes as those which were then shining on them, what gallery could ever equal that of Wil liam IV. ?--(Laughter.) Though he was no longer in the army, he still felt all the gallantry and enthu siasm of a soldier ; and, with such a gallery of . beauty, what man would not stake his hopes of ex istence to obtain their smiles and approbation ? (Cheers.) So stimulated, and so rewarded, he believed that so long as we remained united in heart and hand, the devil himself could not conquer us. The CHAIRMAN had next to propose to them the health of Mr. Hodges—(Cheers)—one of their worthy representatives.—(Cheers.) As a public man, Mr. Hodges had been tried, and had not been found wanting.—(Cheers.) He had given his sup port to that great Bill of which they would hear more to-day, and which now, beyond contradiction, would be carried by the united voice of the people of England.—(Cheers.) No words can do justice to the enthusiasm with which this toast was received by the meeting. Mr. HODGES rose to return thanks. Although his friend, Sir John Tylden, had expressed himself, as he always did, most admirably upon this question, when he told them that the victory was already won, he (Mr. Hodges) must express to them his belief, that the victory, though it would be won, was not. yet accomplished. If not greatly misinformed, there would be many a struggle yet to be made by the people : but with the spirit which was now abroad, he had no doubt that the victory would be with the people.—(Cheers.) Could he ever forget the spec. tacle which lie had witnessed on the II th of May on Penenden-heath,—a spectacle absolutely without precedent in their county,—for there was no oppo sition on that day either to his Hon. Friend (Mr. Rider) or himself ? And yet what had taken place there ? A voluntary assemblage of thousands of freeholders, brought to the ground not at the ex pense of the candidates' pockets, but at their own ; for he was sure that it would be gratifying to them to hear that the return of his Hon. Colleague and himself had been made without costing either of them a single shilling.—(Cheers.) No; the work this time had been all their own. All that he had to regret was, that their choice had not fallen on a more effective man than himself.—(Cheers, and cries of " It could not.") He had no recommen dation to them, except this—that from the first tno ment in which the Reform Bill was introduced into the last Parliament, he had concurred with many good and wise men in supporting it through all its stages.—(Cheers.) That Bill, he would frankly admit to them, was not the Bill which he should have drawn up—it was not, lie be lieved, the Bill which they themselves would have drawn up—it was not all that the people wished ; still, as it acknowledged principles which they, in tt common with the rest of the people of En g land, ac knowledged and approved, they had determined, and m wiselyatldB. ( c determined, heers. to receive ) He therefore e t .i o t i re n believed,or all t though some slight alterations might be made in th e and d ll bt that a td u ty Ministers, lvas to carryhisduty aie was prescribed to him, leading principles of the Bill triumphantly through the House of Corn mons.—(Cheers.) It was unnecessary to take up their time in discussing the . details of t h e Bill , b ut he would beg leave to rem!nd. them, th a t th e e ff ec ts of it could nor be ve r y rapid in their operation : for, after seventy long y ears of misrule, it would be un reasonable to suppo , e that in one or two, or even in five years, a ful l and complete remedy could b e made of all the evils which that long-continued misrule had generated.--(Cheers.) It was a great point to hate made a beginning in the road which must lead ultimately to the full redress of all their grievances. But let them not deceive themselves. Let them not look forward to the Reform Bill as an instantaneous panacea for the evils of the system. The first effect which it would produce would be a check to that tendency to inequality which was per petually springing up among us. He admitted that inequality was to a certain extent necessary, and even beneficial to society ; but when it was un controlled, it generated tyranny on the one hand, and servility on the other,—two principles detri mental both to the rich and to the poor, but to one of them the greatest calamity that could befall them 00 earth. That would be one effect of the Reform 13111. There would also be others, but they would be slow in their operation ; and all that the people had now to ;wend to was, not to be w.reasonable in their expectations or in their demands. The CIIAIRAMAN had now to propose to them the health of Mr. Rider—(Cheer.)—a gen-leman of that county, long known to them all, and upon whom they could entirely depend as a supporter of the great measure of Reform.—(Cheers.) Mr. Rider's health was drank with three times three. Mr. RIDER. said, that after thanking them for the very hospitable reception they h:.►d given him, and f►r the very flattering manner in which they had been pleased to drink his health, he begged to con gratulate them not only upon the success they had achieved, and of which that meeting was an evidence, but also upon their having deserved that success by the zeal, the energy, and the wisdom which they had displayed.—(Cheers.) History recorded few instances of a people determined to be free not suc cceding in their struggle for liberty ; but at the same time history recorded no instance in which liberty had been obtained without exertion. Liberty was like a beautiful woman—none but the brave and the good deserved either—(Cheers)—and a faint heart never won either.--(Cheers.) Song, " Men of Kent." Mr. HODGES said, that a most agreeable duty had been assigned him by the gentlemen who formed the committee that had conducted the arrangements of this great entertainment. The duty was to pro pose to them the health cf their excellent and worthy Chairman, Mr. Baker.—(Cheers.) He would call upon them without more words, to drink the health of Mr. Baker, with three times three.— (Drank upstanding, in a most enthusiastic manner, with three cheers and " one cheer more.") Mr. BAKER returned thanks. The CHAIRMAN they: proposed as a toast, " The people of the United Kingdom, and may they ever be fairly, freely, fully, and faithfully represented in Parliament."--(Drank with three times three.) The CnAmmAN then proposed, in a neat and ap prcpriate speech, " Earl Grey an•i his Majesty's Ministers."—(Drank with great enthusiasm.) The CHAIRMAN then proposed the health of the Earl of Darnley, who, he regretted to say, was con fined to his house by indisposition, which he had hoped that Noble Lord would never have been at tacked with till a much later period of life, if at all. His Lordship was suffering under a severe at tack of gout. After a neat eulogium upon Lord Darnley, from the Chairman, the toast was drank with three times three. The Hon. Mr. J. BLIGH returned thanks. The CHAIRMAN had next to propose to them the health of one of the Noblemen who had that day honoured them with his company,—he meant Lord Teynham. They were all acquainted with Lord Tevnham, and they knew that be had been for some time past engaged in the House of Lords in advo cating a question which, of all important and inte resting questions, required most advocating in that assembly—he meant the;poor laws.—(Drank with three times three.) Lord TEYNHAM, in rising to return thanks, con gratulated the meeting on the success of a cause the most splendid that the people of England had ever advocated.—(Cheers.) As a member of the House of Peers, he had himself a great duty to perform. The whole world could not bribe him to vote aga'nst the conviction which he entertained of the justice and necessity of this Bill.—(Cheers.) lie was happy to say that the three nearest relations he had, namely, the Duke of Norfolk, the first Duke of England; the Earl of Shrewsbury, the first Earl of England ; and his first cousin, Lord Dacre, nearly the first Baron of Englandwere enthusiastic ad✓o cates of Reform ; and he thought that when the Reform Bill should come into the House of Lords, as come there it'undoubtedly would—(Cheers)—it would be seen that it would be supported by all the oldest Peers, and would be resisted only by the modern Nobility, who were reaping emoluments fron► the system which it was intended to upset. — (Cheers.) An ancient Peer of England as he was, he had no hesitation in saying that he had no fears that the people would ever touch his privi leges.—(Cheers.) It was the oligarchy that were his enemies ; it was of them, and not of the people, that he was afraid.—(Cheers.) The CHAIRMAN was heartily gratified in now having t, propose to them the health of another Noble Lord present—he meant " Lord Sondes." The toast was drank with great applause. Lord SONDES returned thanks. The CHAIRMAN--I give you those patriotic Peers and others, whose sacrifice in the cause of Reform deserve the eternal gratitude of their country. To this toast I shall prefix " The health of the Duke of Norfolk and the Marquis of Cleveland." Lord TEYNHAM, in returning thanks for his ab• sent relative, the Duke of Norfolk, said that he had heard his Grace declare, that if his whole property had consisted of rotten boroughs, he would gladly sacrifice it all to the interests of the country. His Grace's example had been followed by the Duke of Devonshire and other Noble Lords, and he had no doubt that when the Bill went into the House of Peers, a large proportion of the Peerage would be found in the interests of the country.—(Cheers.) Mr. Honda proposed " The honest freemen of England who supported the cause of Reform." The CHAIRM . AN had now to propose one of the greatest privileges which Englishmen possessed, and which he hoped they would never consent to sur render—" The Liberty of the Press."—(Cheers.) The CHAIRMAN then proposed the health of the Members for Rochester.—(Three times three.) Mr. BERNAL told the company that they had been pleased to confer upon him an hononr which he duly estimated. When he had addressed the people of England in the House of Commons, he had never attempted to say that the Reform Bill, which must now be carried—(Cheers)—would operate as a general and immediate panacea of all our national evils. He would not deceive them; he would not pretend to say that the (portent loaf would be sold for 4d., or that the price of meat would be reduced to 3d, a pound, or that the golden age would return upon the carrying of the Bill. He would tell them to look to the future, and to recollect that thay were working for posterity— (Cheers)—and that though some of them might not live to enjoy the blessings that must ultimately re sult from the Reform Bill, there were many now present who would live to enjoy them.—(Cheers.) When he saw such men as his friends near him re turned to Parliament by the county of Kent, he must tell the freeholders that they• had done well.— (Cheers.) K ent would not lose the praise in 1831 which it had acquired in. 1066 by the struggle it had made to retain its liberty. Then, as now, the men of Kent stood pre-eminent in honesty, disin terestedness, and patriotism.--(Cheers.) Having said thus much in praise of the men of Kent, he could not, whilst he had the honour of looking at that galaxy of beauty then shining from the gal lery, refrain from wishing to have recurrence to the Koran of Mahomet, and that the laws of England, so far as they forbade a man to have more than one wife, were altered.—(Hear and laughter.) Mr. MILLS returned thanks. The CHAIRMAN then proposed, in an appropriate 4 1weel's " The health of the Members for Maid ,tolly."— (Drank with three times three.) Mr. JAMEs BARNETT returned thank}. The CHAIRMAN then proposed " The health of the two times thre done, gen a good t We arc t from our not retur, a working 1 arrogate county fro scending.— this count notice in I county in Groat's he if 1 had on again, if it I wai brou know mysi others. I down and I thought —(Cheers which for to the man the busine: courage of terminatiot with any s once coma war; hut set of fools on with th enced. laughter.) set of fools will not fel next centu fault. Yo selves. If duty twen thousand Let us, ho gret and a are last col now ;throat to get rid say, give I operation, t Then, whe suffrages, g ministratio to me it cal Sir John cheering. Lord S very halids brother's h " The Intl Kent."—( Sir Jots: would all down a tin rious sport borough inc refuse to Ward and three.) , whole e B beforeTh eCkilivli t eight hcur The wh, we have nr of Reform of Kent." BELL'S 12, containi Seven pence. Newspapers Lift in La, Prints at th back in any unsold Papi 14th, before By this arr; BELL'S Life Monday nex Large placar Lift in Lo, ordered, wil G. GOODGE Then is at present Grace the A in Surrey. proceedings der of, we I " Philo-Jud, We co Paper : " Newsy, `that the Pc clays past wi having the c such rates o Sitting i i k o e f l l ' d that it will y t z proportion o in p arce l s , al by post al tno modification prop erty w ill ther. I t i s 1 vested u n d er them r equ i re 'We kno w our experi en , cha nge are s( cello r o f the to be at rest, arrangement, THE COUNTIEs. tions in the Reform Men him in Penri the counties hers :—" On jectionable in the county in cratic masur throw the rei the people wl Lord or the you, that I 1 high authorit subject under when the Bil