The Sun. — London, England, 1830-07-27 00:00:00

that every thing must ultimately depend upon the personal character of the projector,—upon his pru dence, discretion, and temper in managing his asso ciates,—upon his, disinterested activity and zeal. in fulfilling those engagements towards his sub scribers to which he is hound only by a feeling of uty or a sense of honour,—upon the suffi ciency of the resources at first placed at his dispo sal,—upon his exemption from accidents till he arrives at the proper scene of his operations,—and upon the continuance of his life and health till he reaps the fruits of his labours. When the subscrip tions are all paid up,—when the good ship Discovery has got their amount on board in the shape of articles of oink, specimens of the productions of manufacturing err, alphabets, and implements of husbandry, models of machinery, and incentives to morality—the seeds of useful vegetables and of use ful knowledge; and when, with this cargo of trade, civilization, and instruction, she sails from the Thames for the eastern world, it is quite plain that those at whose expence she was fitted out have no power of controlling or directing her movements. The boasted harbinger of civilization and dispenser of useful arts may be converted into a mere coasting trader, for collecting, in the name of humanity, and under the flag of science—not the treasures of nau tical discovery, but—the fins of sordid commercial speculation. The character of Mr. Bucici ngham may be a sufficient guarantee against this abuse of the well intended liberality of his patrons : but according to the plan before us, we see no other security but his honour for the application of their funds to the ob jects which they contemplated. When the Govern ment or an association employs an individual or an agent to accomplish certain objects, they can lay down fixed rules, and enforce their execution. In Mr. Buckingham's case the subscribers make a free will offering of their money, and only look for a book describing its disposal, on his return home with or without h is ship. But to this absolute power over the resources of the enterprise we make no objec tion, as intertneddling interference might be more injurious than unlimited confidence. The sums sub soribed by individuals occasion them no sacrifice-- the objects for which they vent their liberality are unequivocally good ; and if they succeed but par tially, they will be more than repaid in the gratifica tion of the best sympathies of their nature. But are there any other objections to the scheme ; and if so, has it any advantages to counterbalance them ? We have always thought that the distribution of seeds and implements, which has hitherto been made partially and scantily by discovery-expeditions, ought to have been considered a primary object, and to have been systematically attended to. The ship cent on such voyages should have been freighted with models, tools, utensils, instruments of hus bandry, the seeds of useful plants, and every thing that could benefit rude tribes, and excite among them a desire of improvement or a taste for art. In so far as Mr. Buckingham makes this the object of his enterprise, we are ready to view his scheme with favour. The suggestion is not original, but systematic attention to it has never before been practically proposed. We therefore with pleasure extract the following account of the objects of his plan : " The objests that I pledge myself to keep constantly in view, during the whole of this expedition, and the benefits I may hope to effect by it, of a public and general nature, will be the following : " 1. To add to the existing stock of knowledge every new feet that care he collected respecting the geography and hydrography of the coasts and islands visited ; and to make the most ample researches that eau he effected re specting the statistics, productions, manners, wants, &c., of every particular place; as well as to collect specimens of whatever may be found to deserve preservation, in na tural history, botany, mineralogy, &c. ; as well as of the artificial products and native wares, where any such exist. _ . " 2. To introduce into all the porta visited, specimens in entail quantities but in in fi nite variety, of all the various descriptions of go:As manufactured in England, whether le woollen., silk*, or cottons, in metals, glass, or earthen ware, so as to ascertain, by actual experiment, what par ticular description of goods are suited to particular markets, and what are the quantities, patterns, textural, prices, and other peculiarities beet adapted to each ; for the want of which knowledge, ail the evils of overtrading have happened. " 8. To add to this distribution of the specimens of English manufactures, the introduction of the useful arts of rivilised life, in the shape of models, drawings, and de eeriptions of all the various implements, utensils, and con venteneles, of agriculture, husbandry, end domestic com fort in use among ourselves ; as well as seeds, plants, and materials of improvement of every kind; and to lay the foundation for the establishment el schools of instruction, for increasing, imrpetuating, and diffusing useful know ledge is every branch." The groat objection to which his It:kerne, in our opinion, is exposed, consists in the union of trading speculation with these higher aims of the expedition. It might be impossible to obtain funds sufficient to defray all its expellees without engaging in traffic with the tribes whom it may visit ; but is not traffic, if profitable, likely to become the chief object with our scientific adventurer' ? May it not lead to mieusiderstandings with the natives whom we pre tend to serve, mid may not hard bargains and un favourable exchantos create in their minds an im preesion•that civilization is only another name for commercial knavery ? this case the projected expedition, instead of promoting civilization, and ex tending commercial intercourse, would be the greatest enemy to both, Why is Japan hermeti cally sealed against the admission of strangers ? The Dutch and first European traders to that kingdom could assign reasons for their exclusion, which we hope will not be repeated under the auspices of Mr. Buekingbam's Considering the influence which the Press has ( whether justly or riot we will not stop to inquire) on public affairs, we always regret when we see that Influence unjustly, unnecessarily, or mistakenly used. Such we think is this case with that part of it which is endeavouring to foment aft angry feeling between this country and France on the subject of the capture of Algiers. We confess we see nothing in that event but a circumstance of unmixed re joicing to the whole civilized world; and, instead of generating jealousy and ill will on the part of other Powers, we should unhesitatingly say that it is en event which, both in its undertaking and result, Halls fir the gratitude both of nations and huh viduale. It was evidently undertaken with no views of mere aggrandisement; nor do we see at best what . Mighty personal and exclusive obj ec t it s possession to France can accomplish; while, on the other hand, the demolition of it power which has so long been a public nuisance on the common high way or nation, must be deemed a benefit of which all must without doubt partake. Ilut the truth, we believe, is, that those who give out an authori tatively that the exploit has become u source of con tention between the two Govertustents have no stroundu whatever for so saying. And this, we is clear, even upon their own allowing; for the very same paper, which states the disagree ment as a fact, contains the distinct. and con tradictory avowal (equally unfounded, perhaps), since the announcement of the conquest, no diplomatic intercourse between the Governments hits taken place. Arid it must be a " mighty pretty sort of quarrel," of which both the supposed com batants are unconscious. We repeat that the Press is ill employed when thus employed. Peace should be the object of all Governments, and that engine which sn owerfully influences public opinion should strenuously maintain th e same o bj ec t. Th e F renc h Government hat accomplished a noble and praise worthy object, and has cut out for itself work en"ugbe and difficulty and embarrassment enough, without those who are to be so much benefitted by , the result attempting to enhance either the one or the other. We hive yet to deurn stet of pirates can h e " clearing the one, or what worse use th e conquest to (even were tisey so inclined) turn their injury to any nuisance w the removal of the evil and the arms have eradicated. Away then with th e _ l p t a t r i y r ideas which would perpetuate national aniernOsZa where no ground for them can possibly exist. We were justly proud of Lord Exmouth's attack upon Algiers as a public benefit, and we ought to be still more satisfied with that of Marshal Bourmont, as being, as in fact it is, ten times more effectual.— Morning Herald. 'We agree with a contemporary in the indignation which be expresses at the introduction of the new police among the company at Vauxhall Gardens, but which said gardens, we regret to be obliged to admit, have of late years become remarkable for scenes and for company, but little calculated to en hance their attraction among decent, moral, or orderly people. But, if these gem d'armerie are to be in troduced into one place of amusement, we shall soon have them at every one—in the pit of our theatres, regulating the plaudits or disapprobation of the au dience; and, in time, at the backs of our chairs at a tavern, passing judgment on the toasts, and perhaps controlling the conversation. If Vauxhall Gardens require the attendance of peace officers, which, we fear, is but too truly the case, the managers should have special constables sworn in for the occasion, who should be stationed within call, yet kept out of sight; but even the disorderly part of the commu nity is not to he dragooned into what such persons may deem good behaviour by a paid force of the Government, whether it be by a corporal's guard in red, or Cot. Rowan's troop in blue. And this leads us to ask who is it that pays for the attendance (we mean the regular attendance) of the police at such places ? Not the public, it is to be hoped, and if not the public, how can, with any propriety, a force paid by them for public services be allowed to dedicate its time to, and be remunerated by, pri vate concerns ? We thought it had been made a matter of boast, with regard to the new police, that its duties were performed by the smallest possible number of men; but the ciroumatance we are allud ing to proves one of these two things,—either that the force is more numerous than is required for the public service, or that that service must be neglected if a part of it, as in this case, can be spared for pri vate duties. It is the principle of the thing, how ever, that we object to; and if the proprietors of Vauxhall Gardens are governed in their office of catering for the public amusement by the well-known axiom, that They who live to please, must please to live, we would strongly caution them against continuing this inroad upon public feeling, which, though it may at first be more objectionable in appearance than in reality, will be deemed so objectionable, we have no doubt, if persisted in, as to clear the gar dens of the better part of the company, soon leav ing the police, and those who require its surveil lance, the only actors on the scene.—Morn. Herald. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. FRENCH PAPERS. (From the Messager des Chambres of Saturday. SECOND EDITION. PARIS, JULY 24, AT NOON.—It was reported yes terday that a telegraphic despatch had announced the arrival of M. de Bourmont at Toulon, and that he would be at Paris on Saturday. It was added that M. de Bourmont had offered to retire after presenting two projects of law extremely favourable, it is said, to the army and to the Legion of Honour. It is affirmed that Baron de Berthezene, the senior Lieutenant-General in the army in Africa, not ex cepting M. de Bourmont, will be appointed to the command of the 2d division of the Royal Guard, vacant by the promotion of Count Bourmont to the rank of Marshal of France, and for which the Duke d'Escars had been mentioned, who has been Lieu tenant-General only since the 10th of December, 1823. It is said also, that Baron Valaze, promoted to the rank of Major-General of Artillery, and to that of Commandant of the Legion of Honour on the 10th of August, 1813, will receive the Grand Cross of that order ; and that M. Berard de Goute frey, commanding the 21st regiment of infantry of the line, and who has h a d the ran k o f Colo ne l s i nce the 23d of May, 1821, will be made Major-General. It is said that the Minister of Finance has ordered Ferrand to go to Toulon, with eeveral clerks, to receive the gold which the Intendant-General of the army in Africa sends to the Government. We are informed that large magazines of wheat, and a great quantity of hides, have been found at Algiers, being part of the contributions in kind paid to the Dey. The Chevalier Arland, who has long been Chief Secretary to the Legation at Rome, where he has acquired an honourable reputation by the manner in which he received and assisted with his advice French travellers and artists, has just been ap pointed his Majesty's Commissioner for the final de termination of the boundaries of Greece. A Journal says, "It is affirmed that the King, taking into consideration the honourable mediocrity of the fortune of Admiral Duperre, has resolved to endow the new Peerage with 400,000 francs, to be taken from his Majesty's Civil List." Eighteen cases, containing vases of great value, have arrived at Havre, on board the French ship Guillaume, Captain hold, from St. Petersburgh. These cases, accompanied by four Russians, who are to unpack them at Paris, are intended as presents freni the Emperor of Russia to the King of France. Colonel George Fitzclarence landed at Calais on Sunday last. The Colonel was on his way to Paris with despatches. Nothing has yet transpired re specting his arrival in this capital. Algiers presents a very wretched appearance; the streets are narrow and dirty, and the town is both disagiceable and unhealthy, The artillery in less than four hours demolished the batteries of the ce lebrated fort of the Emperor, which commands the town, and where the best cannon and most skilful gunners had been placed. The Dey, the troops, and indeed the whole population, were excessively surprised at the capture of the town, the Turks having placed such complete confidence in their for tifications, which had been the means of resisting the most formidable expeditions, both by sea and land. Their confiding ignorance, indeed, was such, that when the crisis came, they were completely bewildered, and they were utterly at a loss as to what was the best to be done. The Dey had not even taken the precaution to hide his valuables, which he might have done without much difficulty. The value of the specie found has not been exactly aseertamed, but it is said to amount to 00,000,000. Not a single person in the whole army has yet undressed himself since the day of the landing, and the soldiers have undergone very considerable fa tigue. I have had an opportunity of seeing the Dey. lie is a man of mean aspect, without the least dignity, and he has not even that martial air which is supposed to be a characteristic of every Turk. Indeed, his person altogether is by no means calculated to inspire the least respect. A liberal provision Is to be made for him, and he will pro bably end his days in Italy, where he will probably live in greater tranquillity than among the Algerines. We have by no means been living on beds 'of roses and laurel during the campaign, and the heat has been horrible. An idea may be formed of what we have suffered during some of our marches, from the fact, that six men in our brigade dropped down dead from thirst. The air is literally inflamed, and our feet were burned in spite of our thick shoes. In addition to this, we were almost smothered with vermin. The environs of Algiers, how ever, are certainly very beautiful, but their agreeable aspect compensates but badly for the other inconve nienees and privations which we have endured. The interior of the Casauba actually realizes the fairy descriptions in the Arabian Nights' Entertainment:. It is filled with precious objects ; and it has a most rich and gorgeous appearance. We find that the treasure of the Regency is more considerable than we had at first hoped : it is now estimated at is hundred millions. Seals have been placed upon all the property. A great many 1 urks, immediate at tendants on the Dey, have voluntarily quitted Al giers; the rest were disarmed, end are to be ern•• barked for Smyrna. The armed Bedouins have also taken their departure. From all that I can judge, the people of Algiers do not appear to be at all distrustful, and it is pro bable that they will soon be on very good terms with our soldiers. Most of the Turks seem to be ugly enough; and as to the women, they are actually hideous. It is true, however, that hitherto we have seen nothing bat miserable half naked negresset. In the 20 days 2,407 men were disabled; out of this number 600 are dead, and we hope to save from 1,000 to 1,200 of the rest. It is said that General Bourmont will return to France immediately. PUBLIC OPINION IN FRANCE. Public opinion in France has no sort of re semblance to public opinion in this country, and is influenced by machinery almost exactly the reverse. In Great Britain the influential men are not confined to ono spot. The habits of judging, speaking, and writing of all matters which concern us are diffused generally over the country ; and the provinces do not, in any re spect, take their tone from that of London, ex cepting in as far as the capital, being the seat of government, is generally the first to gain infor mation, and becomes, from this and other causes, the bead-quarters of knowledge and of talent during a certain portion of each yeer. But there is no deference paid to London in other respects; and, indeed, for six months out of twelve, the elements of influence are scattered more widely over the British islands, than, perhaps, in any other empire of the same extent. All over this country, also, it may be truly said that the news papers arc merely the organs or mouthpieces of the general will, out of which no observant per son can fail to deduce what is, essentially, the real state of public opinion. He may be wrong, perhaps, in his conclusion at any given moment ; but, in the long run, he will be sure to arrive at - - - the right sense of the reflecting part of the com munity. Our newspapers do not dictate to the nation—they are merely the servants, not the masters or leaders, of the public. They take their cue from the opinions of those persons in society who, from superior talents, knowledge, or station, not only possess the best means of judging, but are, practically, most in the habit of influencing the thoughts and conduct of those about them. The newspapers, therefore, (and we might say the same thing of the other pe ' riodical publications,) do no more than give more general currency to these opinions, and thus help to extend the operation of the influences alluded to ; and as there are papers suited to every party, nay, to every conceivable shade of opinion, there comes to be . put abroad, daily, a just ex pression of what is thought and fa over the whole country, from whence an average judg ment may easily be deduced. The conse quence is, that with us, nothing that is either vicious or absurd, whether in high or in low station, can stand, for any length of time, against this most searching of all scrutinies ; and there is rarely, very rarely, the slightest real danger— whatever some people may say or feel—that any measure, seriously detrimental, can be long per severed in by any British Government. Among our neighbours, the press has a totally different office to perform. In that country the journal ists direct the public opini on . 'I h e l ea d ers i n political life in France are sometimes the actual editors of the Parisian Papers, and they almost all write in them. This will, in some measure, account for the style of the composition, gene rally speaking, of the principal articles to be found in those columns, as well as for their in tolerable length. The mass of the people, both in Paris and in the country, take their tone from these metropolitan journals a very few active men lead the whole nation, and have, in fact, a monopoly of the manufacture of public seuti ment. They arc the virtual despots of the country for the , time being ; an d w h at i s now going on in France differs in degree, not in kind, from what has occurred there at any given period during the last forty years. A small number of busy persons—whether gentlemen of the guillotine, gentlemen of the drum-head, or gentemen of the press—have contrived to ma- nage /a belle France, and to dictate to la granule nation how it should feel, think, and act. In England, no mortal ever looks at a newspaper to learn what its editor thinks on any given clues , tion ; indeed, no one ever knows or cares who or what the editor is. The print is read solely to learn what is thought by the best•informed men of that particular party, of which it hap pens, for the time being, to be considered as the organ. It is the express business of the editor to find out what are generally held to be the soundest opinions of the sensible men of that party to which his subscribers are attached, and to nit their actual views in a distinct and for cible shape before the public. This is the whole task of an English newspaper. But, in France, it assumes a far different office ; and, as we have said, dictates Opinion, instead of echoing it.— Cluarteriy Review. in to»sequelice of the stormy weather (luring the last three months, upwards of seven bridges have been destroyed in the county of Derby, and several others seriously damaged. The estimated expenditure to re 4tore these bridges 6 10,000/. The county rate is route "tit/7 I "l l "tiaaahly bterviuted,fielton Chronicle. HAMBURG AND DUTCH PAPERS. --- HANOVER, JULY 17.—The day before yesterday, being the funeral of his Majesty, George IV., at Windsor, the guns Isere fired at Noord, while the bells of the churches were also tolling. A battery of four cannon also fired minute guns for one hour. A Proclamation of the Cabinet Ministry orders the tolling of all the bells to cease, and permits all places of public amusement to be re-opened. SMYRNA, JUNE 13.—The Courier has the follow ing letter from Adrianople, 18th May r..— " Important events are now passing here. When the Russian troops entered Bulgaria, the Christian inhabitants committed excesses against the Turks, which at first were not regarded, but were afterwards put a stop to by the comm an d er of the Russian army there. Bulgarians have begun to emi grate s i nce the peace, notwithstanding the amnesty granted by the Sultan. The most considerable inhabitants , have abandoned their houses, and gone to the pro vinces, under the dominion or immediate protection of the Emperor of Russia, hoping to obtain those offices suitable to their rank, and to be exemp t f rom all taxes for fifteen years. At another town the Greeks did the same, and above 1000 passports were granted them. The impulse b e i ng once given, every one raking his most valuable effects, hastened to Mingle, following the army. Others have already gone to Bessarabia, Moldavia, and Walla chia, so that whole villages are deserted arid have fallen a prey to vagabonds, who are guilty of plun der and all kinds of exc esses . The Porte gave no* tide to the Russian Ambassador, and the G enera l s employed their influence to dissuade the Greeks and Bulgarians from emigrating. Negociations were carried on between the agents of tho two Powers. Meantime the Greek Archbishop was commissioned by the Grand Vizier to employ all means of per suasion to check this rage for emigration, a ga i ns t which Maraud Diebitach and his Officers declared with great energy. But the Bi s h op hi mself emi grated, and his tinnily left the T ur ki s h territory. As the result of his mission, he sigiiified to the Grand Vizier, that if the Port e w i s h ed to retain the Bulgarians, it must make the following con cessions to them : " 1. That no Turks should reside in their hamlets and villages. " 2. That the Avon, acting as Judge, should decide nothing without the concurrence of their Primates. "IC That, except the poll-tax and the tithes, they should be exempt from all taxes, contributions, or feudal services, and that these new conditions should be guaranteed by Russia. " Meantime, the negotiations in the capital con tinned, and led to the appointment of a Russian Consul• General in rSchimno, who is to hear the complaints of the Bulgarians against the Turkish authorities. " It is certain that the Russian Cabinet, which has behaved in the most honourable manner on this occasion, has had no concern in these proc ee di ngs , the resul t of which is to its own advantage. The Grand Vizier was employed all the while he was here in investigating every branch of the Admini stration : he has compared the books of the Corn. manes with those of the Sundrike Emiri, has seen through all the acts of rapine, made himself ac quainted with the immense burd ens w hi c h t h e sen i or officers have so long imposed on the people and the Rajas, and convinced himself that the small er por tion of the great revenue collected has hitherto found its way into the coffers of the State. He has pro mised the Rajas to do away with all these abuses, and to improve their condition. "It is reported that the Sultan has given him full powers to effect a general reform." By order of the Sultan, two principal inhabitants of the three classes here, viz. the Armenians, Greeks, and Jews, have been summoned to Constantinople, and set out on the 9th, that the Sultan may hear from their mouths what the abuses are of which the people have most reason to complain, and which re quire a speedy remedy. THE HAGUE, JULY 22.—His Majesty set out from the Loo on the 19th, to visit the provinces of Overyssel, Dronthe, Groningen, and Frlezland. FRANKFORT, JULY 17.—The Court of Bruns wick has gone into mourning for six weeks for George IV. ST. FETIIRSDURGII, JULY 14.--On the Bth inst. their Imperial Majesties returned to this capital. His Imperial Majesty, accompanied by the Grand Duke Alexander, surprised the Crown Prince of Sweden with a visit. His Royal Highness after wards passed an hour with the Emperor in the island of Iclagin. VIENNA, Jut- 14.—0 n the 6th instant a dread ful fire, caused by negligence, destroyed ninety houses in the Vienna suburb of the town of Raob, in Hungary; and, spreading to the other side of the river Raab, destroyed 70 other houses. One woman and two children lost their lives, and many persons were injured. HANOVER, Jinx 21.—The garrison of this city did homage the day before yesterday, on the Parade, to King William IV. On the 27th Bethoude and the vicinity were laid waste by a dreadful hail storm ; torrents of water, as if from a water spout, came down with pieces of ice larger than a pigeon's egg. In the streets the lumps of ice lay to the depth of 3} to 4 feet, and the meadows one foot; every thing is destroyed and the trees are as bare of leaves as in December. FRANKFORT, JULY 16.—We learn that Prince Metternich, when he was here, admitted to a private audience M. V. Cramne, and gave him the most agreeable hopes of a speedy arrangement of the affairs of the estates of Brunswick. It is affirmed that M. Counsellor Fricke is visit ing several German Courts, on a mission from the Duke of Brunswick, relative, it is presumed, to the differences with the Court of London, the state of which is not at all changed by the death of George the Fourth. HANOVER ' APRIL 18.—Her Royal Highness th e Duches s o f Cambridge, with her children, Prince George and Princess Augusta, went to Rampen heim. The Duke will go there at the end of the week, and afterwards go with Prince George to London.--Hamburg Papers, July 23. EXCHANGES ON LONDON. HAMBURG, JULY 28.-13 101. Two months, IS 9 STOCKHOLM, JULY 16.-91 days, 12 9. fixturrig, JULY 20.—Three months, 606. Sy. l'ityntsounau, JULY 13.-10 23.32. - - GROWTH OF GOVERNMENTS. No one at that time was taught, by a wide survey of society, that governments are not framed after a model, but that all their parts and powers grow out of occasional acts, prompted by some urgent expediency, or some private in terest, which in the course of time coalesce and harden into usage; and that this bundle of usages is the object of respect and the guide of conduct, long before it is embodied, defined, and enforced in written laws. Government may be, in some degree, reduced to system, but it cannot flow from it. It is not like a machine, or a building, which may be constructed en tirely, and according to a previous plan, by the art and labour of man. It is better illustrated by comparison with vegetables, or even animals, which may be, in a very high degree, improved by skill and care, which may be grievously in jured by neglect or destroyed by violence, but which cannot be produced by human contrivance. A government can, indeed, be no more than a mere draught or scheme of rule, when it is not composed of habits of obedience on the part of the people, and of an habitual exercise of certain portions of authority by the individuals or bo dies who constitute the sovereign power. These habits, like all others, can only be formed by repeated acts ; they cannot be suddenly infused by the lawgiver, nor can they immediately follow the most perfect conviction of their propriety. Many causes having more power over the human mind than written law, it is extremely difficult, from the mere perusal of a written scheme of government, to foretell what it will prove in ac tion. There maybe government s so b a d t h at i t is justifiable to destroy them, and to trust to the probability that a better government will grow in their stead. But as the rise of a worse is also possible, so terrible a peril is never to be incurred except in the case of a tyranny which it is impossible to reform. It may be necessary to burn a forest containing much useful timber, but giving shelter to beasts of grey, who are for midable to an infant colony in its neighbour hood, and of too vast an extent to be gradually and safely thinned by their inadequate labour. It is fit, however, that they should be apprised, before they take an irreparable step, how little it is possible to foresee whether the earth, stripped of its vegetation, shall become an un profitable desert or a pestilential marsh.---Dr. Lardner's cabinet Cyclopredia, Vol. VIII. Perhaps the most curious feature in the ap proaching election is the general lack of candidatee. There never was a period when the consoling prospect of warm contests was rarer than at present. Whence comes this? Are the candidates too poor? The fall in rents may have done something, and the fall in commercial pro fits have done much; but surely there is still enough of unemployed capital and to spare, for a brush in the boroughs, if not in counties. We suspect the cause lies deeper. A membership is not so good a thing as it once was, and it is more likely to fall in the market than to rise. Ministers can now do little for their dependants. They have cut the legs front below thernarlves by their retrenchments ! Jobs are out of the question, and situa tions few, and such as do fell out require some brains and is little labour. If things go on at this rate, corporations w ill be stet•veil into a surrender of their privileges, and peers of their influence. When neither will sell, the holders will mice a merit of giving them sway... Spectator. SECOND EDITION. SUN OFFICE, SEVEN o'CLOCK. The Gazette was not published up to this hour. LAW INTELLIGENCE. COURT OF CHANCERY, JULY 26. LEAR V. LEGGITT. This appeal was heard, the question being whether a legacy given with a declaration that the bequest should be void if the legatee aliened it, had been forfeited on his becoming bankrupt; and whether his assignees, or the parties to whom it was given over by the will, were entitled to it. The Vice-Chan cellor had decided that the alienation, by means of the bankruptcy, not having been by the act of the legatee, but by the operation of law, the legacy was not forfeited. His LORDSHIP decided that the operation of the bankruptcy, by which the assignees had become en titled to the legacy, was not such an alienation as had been contemplated by the provision of the will, and that therefore the legacy was not forfeited. He therefore dismissed the appeal with costs. RIVER IVEY NAVIGATION. Mr. PIIPYS moved to dissolve the injunction granted in this case, to restrain the owners of mills upon the stream from drawing off water from the river. The affidavits on the part of his clients stated, that they had made no encroachments, and that they► had only exercised the right which they and their predecessors had enjoyed as long as the river had been navigable. They were entitled to certain small payments from boats passing up and down the river, by way of remuneration for the trouble occa sioned by their penning the waters of their respec tive dams so as to afford a water-way for the passage of crafts. This they stated they were willing to continue to do on having the same pay ments made to them which they had been accustomed to receive. The LORD CHANCELLOR, after hearing the matter discussed at great length, was of opinion that the demand made by the owners of the mills was lawful and reasonable, and he therefore directed the injunction to be dissolved, the millers under taking to pen up the waters so as to preserve the navigation on receiving the customary payments. INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT, Jinx 26. Eliza Charlotte Hamilton, describing herself as a widow, came up on her petition to be discharged, and was opposed by Mr. Scargill, a solicitor, and creditor, in person. The insolvent was of rather interesting appear ance, and shed tears when ordered into the box. Mr. Scargill proceeded to address the Court. He said he had no wish to impede the insolvent's dis charge, but that he was desirous of knowing the nature of the debt due to a Mr. Henry Symonds. The insolvent said it was for money lent in de fending a suit in the Court of Chancery. The debt had been contracted in 1828 and 1829, since the death of her husband, and she had never lived at the rate of .500/. a year. Mr. COOKE—There is a sufficient fund in Court to pay Mr. Scargill. The Learned Gentleman then proposed Mr. Symonds and Mr. 'Wells as assignees. Insolvent—l wish Mr. Wells to be my assignee. Upon being asked by the CIIIEP COMMISSIONER if she had any furniture of her own, she replied in the negative, and said she had resided at Mr. Wells's, Little Ealing, in ready furnished apartments. Mr. Scargill had no further questions to ask, and the insolvent was declared entitled to the benefit of the Act. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. AVORSIIIPSTit Err. Mr. Wigginion, an undertaker, was c h arge d w i t h a criminal assault upon Mrs. Eliza Phillips, the young wife of a jeweller, and several months ad vanced in pregnancy. It appeared from the complainant's statement that the families of her husband and the defendant bad been on terms of intimacy, and since her marriage she had become acquainted with the latter. Two or three days previously to the 21st of July, Mr. Wigginton called upon her, and asked her to ac company him to the Zoological Gardens, and after wards other excursions were talked of. On the 21st, the day of the alleged assault, she called at Mr. Wig ginton's house, and, after some conversation in his parlour, he took her to a room upon the first floor, to show her some furniture, or some such thing. In this room was a bed, but knowing the defendant as a friend of her family, and a married man, she felt no surprise or alarm. He, however, laid hold of her, took off her bonnet, and threw her upon his bed, and proceeded to the act with which he was charged, although she struggled with all her strength to re sist him. She fainted during the struggle. The defendant, who denied the charge, called John Shepherd, a young man in his employ, who stated, that when the complainant called at defend ant's house, she partook of some gooseberries; she afterwards accompanied the defendant up to his bed room; they remained there only a short time; the door of the room was open, and he (witness) could see into the room through a window; he heard no noise while the lady was in the room; his master and the lady afterwards descended into the shop, and there was no disorder in her dress or manner to excite observation. They conversed in the shop about five minutes, and the lady then went away, wishing the defendant good morning. The complainant denied the whole of this tes timony. The Magistrate thought that further evidence was necessary, and therefore dismissed the case. ASSIZE IN FELLIGENCE. NORFOLK CI RCUIT.—IIUNTINGDON, JULY 26. The commission for this county was opened by the Learned Judges yesterday evening, and to-mor row their Lordships will take their seats in Court ; but it will be pro forma' only, as this is literall a y " maiden ass i ze ," t h ere b eing neither a cause nor a prisoner for trial. The want of business on the civil side may be referable to the circumstance of the attorneys and others being generally engaged in the business of the coming election; but the absence of a single prisoner in the calendar is a cir cumstance of congratulation, as evidence either of an improvement in the inure!' of the people, or of the absence of generallist s, which is the cause, undoubtedly, of much ► the crim e among the labourin g population of the country. In Cambridge shire and Suffolk the cals 'dors are extremely light. Honnotts or Wan,A letter from Sidi Ferrnch says, " t h e d ead corpses of the Algerines covered a whole river ; and to avoid the plague breaking out, the French were obliged to burn them all. In the evening when we arrived, we smelt the odour of burnt flesh at a distance of about two leagues and a half." Goocii'i OPINION of DR. CIIALNIEIIB. On Sunday I went to hear him preach at the Scotch Church, in Batten-garden, and at the peril of my ribs suc ceeded iu ge t t i ng i n ; and in the evening beard him again, at the Wesleyan chapel, where he preached to a congre gation of four thousand. It was a striking sight, every pew full, the standing places crowded up to the very doors. It is difficult to compare strong impressions which we have received at different periods of our life, but I think I may say, that I never heard so powerful a preacher ; a good deal of this power, however, depends on his manner. —an earnestness of heart, a fiery vehemence, which occasionally would he rant, but that the vehemence of the manner never rises above the energy of the thought and expression. lie has a curious, but very useful custom; at the end of a passage, ornamented in the highest possible degree and perfectly on fire with energy, he makes a dead pause, and then states the pith of the passage, with the calmness and familiarity of conversation : thus sending his hearers away, not only with warm feelings, but with clear conceptions. Library, No. XIV. LONDON MARKETS. PRICE OF BREAD. The highest price of Bread in the M is 10Alej lib. Loaf. There are others who sell e tr% °l 3rd. to that price. O N l e d w D l i 7n tto gi D ii i h tt i o ted Clover Seed PRICE OF SEEDS.--July 21 . —....-4. 41_144 0 New Foreign Ditto _ _ . 520. Old Ditto . - 0.4 ...4. iltir".. . New White Clover. Old Ditto Ditto.. New Trefoil - (per Cwt.) ...11. ...S. Ins .4 4A.4 rsa. vs. DidDiao .... ... -.4. .4 111110 4 Rib Grass .........; ...... 104. MX 1111,10 English Carraway 5eed—................. .4. .4. bUts , Foreign Ditto . .... 4• .4, 65111 Coriander .... -4. 180.11 St. Fobs ....................(per Quarter)........ ..°4 4 21 . It* Rye Grass Pacer Ditto - ' . 40s. 451. 0,1 4444 ,,, Linseed, for feeding -4. 384. inC 4 „,"' Ditto, for crushing ... ....8. .4. 04 fw'g Canary Seed, New _ ,. -4. 4ds. ant. 4 , Ditto Old V. .4., .4. .4.11,07, . White Mustard Seed....(per Bushel)... -4. 1/. , 110, .. t,,,i Brown Ditto .........—..—............... .4. 1 . 6 .......iii Turnip Seeds, Rounds ...... a. 4 - . —.... _ Green and Red Ditto -'4' -4...414„ 1 Tares, Old —l. 2dr I*. , Ditto New --L 4 . .- flat IlapeSeed, English, fine (Kr Last) 341. 351... .‘ PRICES OF HOPS.—July 26. Kent Pockets 7l. Os. 74 lei.{/ P Sussex Ditto 7i. 11. W. lase' Ditto - _ 7l. 0., .71. ' -" Farnham Ditto, Fine..........-- 01. Os. 10 1 . 04 ." is _ . Si. Os. 7t. US; a ` 51. si. 61. 00 .111 _ 5/. 15s. 71. 001 : ; Old Duty laid at £112,000._ _ : , , , ;;,'.!;' Kent Essex Ditto. Sussex. Ditto PRICE OF OIL. 40 Rape Oil, brown ...............421. e 5........ Refined 01 Linseed 0i1.... ...............4.......... „, i Linseed Oil Cake at the Mill, per thousand ....,../ 0 !_ .15 Rape Cake, per ton ............—,........."*" A , • PRICE OF POTATOES—Jujy New Potntocii WHITECHAPEL HAY MARKET ...4 j figy Od. to 100 s. Od. I Clover Straw. . 50s. Od. to 601. RAW HIDES. ar tol Ter Stone. s.d. I. d. Best Heifers& Steess4 19 to I 3 4 Ordina ry 1. 0 4 51 $ Market SHEEP SKINS. . Polled Os. 03. te Os. 0.1. I Shearlings....* 0 , 1 9 0 0 0 Lalubs,.... PRICES OF Per lb. d. to d. 5utt5.,....,40 to 561 b.. 16e 191 Ditto....-60 to 661 b.... 21 22 Dressing 14 16 Fine Coach tildes 17 19 Crop Hitles.3s to 40Ib. 14 15 Ditto. to 501 b 14i 17 Ditto, 16 19 Lb.ATHES. Hr Tanned Hors* 00.7 0 14 Spanish Otto iN • Per doter. ..41 cat( skins.2l tout ig Ditto .bate Ditto to spit, Small Seals, Groe4 COAL MAR Ao Bishop's 28 9 East 0 Felling 29 6 Hot iw 31 9 Killinprorth _ Pet.ter Pontop Wiruisor. 29 0 'Canfield 29 6 'Canfield 29 0 29 3 Wylain Walls End Bell and Co. 23 9 Ditto Bell Robson & Co. 89 6 Ditto Bewicke and 33 9 Ditto Itensham 29 0 Walls End 8r0wn'5....,, 32 3 Ditto Clarke and Co. 31 0 Ditto mixed 30 11 Wails End Carr and Co. 30 6 Ditto Cramlingten........ 30 0 Ditto Callerton 30 6 Ditto Gosforth 33 6: Ditto 34 0 Slops at market, 04--Sh .r.r.—July 96. ._....: A L Walls End Nevral Ditto HiWa .......ormil.l 11 . Ditto llotapur......tei Ditto Notthumwra,,, v Ditto Perkins an , . 0 "r i Ditto Riddel lts,....o"?' 1 Ditto Russell's..... di Walls Enti Hattn' so! as • unoto-,:§! Wills End ~. Walls End Lyonsossiot Wails End Stewartll Russell Russell's Hetton lLL O tt ' sW.S Ditto W. E. Norwood Bow' .1 Walls End&lbfroiwo ...................01 x Hartley .... , - I.langenneob Cold . 00 ili Silkstoner e Stone Coal DAtti,......!,c; Bishop Tradrif........ rn orii Hebbu a tnill... 4w g ' Old Etherlelin"" , '"'. SC' Stobart's win .....***L „ pa sold, s.s...stlaseldi 4 il ' ~0 SCOTCH MARKETS. 0. , HADDINGTON CORN MAKKET O4II/Y ift , Barley and Oats are both up, but sales l ee " off e ws , easily effected as l as t d ay . Of B ar l e y SI . 1 1 d —",„ et tr, sold ; top up I s . 6J. average 2d . ; 240 tle e '''' an d 0 . were disposed of at 4 rise on the top of 21, 1,,hoptift average of It. 2d. Wh ea t h as aga i n brought P 9l /4017 top 31. and average 2.. 3d. above lasS Wee k ' '' ..,... Beans are down upon the average. 1 Wheat. Barity. Hata.. ~,re as t . ea ~,, bus - First .. . ... 7 6 s Od 38 4 ad. ads Od .`"' m w' Second... 153 e Od 36s Od 3.1 s Od •••s wi l 411 Third :... ads Od 30s 6d Vs ad • - 1."'" Wee There were 29..) qrs. of Wheat n market. W . " 18 Unsold.-4 Grey. ..31. 7s. 10. i. B.iattis• Aven DALKEITII CORN idARKET.-4 ir d The supply of all kinds of Grain at 11111 let was small ; the prices were rather higher - of this day se'nnight. NVheat. 1 Barley. Oats. I , A ,,r esil ig First..„ 776 Od 40s Od 37. 3d `""',,, h od Secon 6Ss Od 3ds Od Third eh Od 34s Od 32. Od a. i ll tom!, sal Bessie HA —A on •. r sz H x AMB LL U z R . G li i f th A o ll u K gh E o T ro g r •" 41/ Iv i ' v o r Vgin : ', l d has been such that all the best ing the last week Las again been man parce l, brou i g ees, ni 4 the market have been bought up, at ad /sliced l a ita.,. only middling and inferior sample' now rents. too The greater part of the purchases made wire I ,d 100 tion, oar own consumers being extremely rear!, ' wai l offers. In Rye and Barley there has been bu t is 00- owing to the high prices demanded by bolderlh_A i 0 prime quality are eagerly demanded ; inferior 18 '. 0 1 i ell/ the other hand, are extremely heavy. --Tbe f°11° : ( 01 8 3 01$ shows the quantity of Grain imported and enPa r i ell' the preceding week, as alio the quantity enPlits - .....1 main on band for sale :-:- ,a, Stoc" is t or Lasts Imported. Lasts ported. .....0 , Wheat 1450 l'.. ..... ..............1 Rye 4/9................ ..... IC4. ..... ..... .... , , Barley Oats .......... ..... 25. 90..........•...... .d. 80 :, Malt ..... ..... .... 0... 0... .. ....."'":. lease .. • .... I - . n " .0 0. ..' Beans . "". 0 o .... ...... _..... 0.. .........- - gl e Tares ........ ....... o :littePralle, still.trall.,, of Froth corn i t oi h s e leti l 0 t t l h i r to oo t g h h e I t h 6 o t h Sound;is t. in c o l u f si t e h e ele t 4 : s •dig i i . bound for British, 2 for Dutch, 1 for French, ~, , ilk l Swedish and N orweg i an ports ; o f the remai n ' s ' destination was not known. RV de w e ight. ~...*,d. Dintals Wheat 1111 to I ~..0...")41 0 2 , Pomeranian ........... . ... 1!14 to PA...." 0 010 Anhalt. white . ..... .........Z . .... ".. . IPS to 12,1•••• • •:0510'0 ------ re ' d ...... ---... ...... ..... .............: i. 22 to Imo..- veto I l i Upland itye ................... ......... 11 1 ( 6t3 t t t o o ° 1 1 1 -11 29. ::::,: . : 7 ; i° t i e: 1 ; Anhalt lkt to 10 1 ,,•"'• ;1 0 r : Danish 94 to 10- 4 .•• • osB : Pll)l:l:lle:oaeaanlenig: s ihklieed t a i lehea i b n nYnuhci l ur t i: a rg ;: hila. s ' ees OLUirtalp l et ;:.;l ". ..l I—'6-6;16 to 11:3149:4:: ".. : 10 .4%.:':::::18 0 :24: 117 111:11/F7"Ill otss ' - :I: in I g n en c4 er n al to ......... so t s el ha u :e ne :re o n f 112thOtrerioffseeirnedthethraant. A d a. . , o i jail. count 4 1 per cent. tod i!" .... - o d f enw, dl i Pr: 4 ' Anglo-Danish Loan 3 per Cent .................... ,,. 1 . Anglo-Ruulan L oan . I I" Ila inburg-Russian Loan ........ . .................... .• ... . i Polish Bonds . ................... . ..................... I . 04 . New Prussian 4 per Cents, (1830) ............. ..•••• ',iia Austrian Bank Shares .... Austrian Metalliques .....,° ......'" pi =: i New Austrian 4 per Cents— • ...... ""*" •. . 101 ',4 Anglo Neapolitan ........... . ....... :....—...• .......... .. .... ...... , Valconeta .....«.« ..... .... ...........- .......... "" 13 e l l . '-' change upon London, at two months „. 1 at sight No, ~ at two months , at two month*. Arr 0,144 at two months, ......, _. Amsterdam, Pari• ..... Peteriburgb' B e a o t OuH C hitt y, nc therarEtq,g4r.i. Esq. of Sr. Leonard's, subsex.. On the 26th inst. at 19, New Norfolkatrei' lit° On the 24thPolfi BIRTHS. t be ' of M ickleover Vicarage, Derby, of a loos o f i , A lii On the 2 6th inst. at 111 . I " c 11-Y.° anwe I.grove, Millie, Esq., of a son. MARRIED. , 1 011 On the 24th inst. at St. George's, traupler'l " 6 „4 .y . Henri Fitzroy, Esq. eldest eon of the late P` ) ,'. cot- T B h u o c a k ries.t r.t h ia t2re l: edt e .i rc n Fitzroy, to Jane Elizabeth, fourth daughter 0 ' , th hilt' in Calthor street, the is 4f 4 DIED. if. On the 25th inst. Charlotte, th e wife of If il Vie r nsinast.tadaat daughter. 171:;roofope.fthaes;tneva.: jdoliheilir. woo; if , .1 , 1) ' 1111 inst. at T o ol f cr W o te se, eitm n i ez ns i te ' r : lll3l g d° 7- , e ith. ' loPt Eq., of London. , Woot t , 4o , On the 24th last. at the Royal Mon a " DP - Eularia, Lady Dickson, wife of Col. Sir Alen f K.C.8., Royal Artillery. ma d O n ' , On the 25th inst. at Kilburn, Leigh , l ' 51' , s ot ! Jellicoe, Erg. of Upper Winspoleatreet, sg ~,,6 - A,ll O On the 22d inst. at Boulogne.sur-Mer. rr‘ n l ioe st , 0 Dunconibe, Esq. late of his Majesty's 74th Bes o ,l, 0 5 1 , 4 On the 21st inst. at Canal-grove, Old 1141,rire•O'l 63, Mr. Joseph Ilibbert, formerly of HP° if ,bo r Crutched-friars. , , as., 7i O n it ain tbe i tt a u r l d t. Ellutho;tns,totrlsle.colo:3oo-, .......<; i frm " -- "I ' DIT Y4 O , th PAINTND AND PLYNLISHXD NY IVlv.. 100 0'' viz Sus Orrice , 112, STRAW), 1