The Sun. — London, England, 1833-12-18 00:00:00

~~ Mr. r Duk that ad g( in a 11 it ; e dew. t it wo' kely to nether of a I , keep it wool ig raph 1 :h aracte es. i they I 'B, 401. IAY.) .6 of E House, codii to. Ti on of tt the out 'greed ti 9 CK. Ham buri not heart , no cone' ices with !lligence, y left og doing. rninal it quell are morning, questing esigning debate - a long 'resident and verso lonipson rruthers v. The ban the be only me very orward. -ticulars nepired• !tails of Irly part o •igoo terd ay's uguese, CIC. figure ly ; or, rcle of iitorial enter readers gland wne deny inater. ) by led XV ~ was hard, -A acci in love( sakes TOWS le to his Arley ions, ; hii r in LITERATURE THE COTTAGE GARDENER. LOKDON, 1833. T here is as much instructive—aye, and I nlUch amusing reading too, contained in this tti e unassuming pamphlet as is sprawled over surface of many a portly octavo. Mr. °Priter is a well-informed man ; not encumbered t h fantastic theories, like many of our scientific tklyista on gardening ; and pounces on his t , b iect with all the zeal and spirit of old Cobbett What, however, we most admire in his ttplilet is its simplicity and conciseness. He h down his cottage regulations with a perti st brevity that at once seizes on the attention. e subject is an important one, and to those - have witnessed the cottages of South ales or Devonshire, dropped, as it were, th e feet of sheltering hills and sunny luxuri t4Blopes ; or standing in picturesque rows in 't centre of , well watered valleys, with vines or gamines twined round their little wooden ''elies, from the roof of which a l i nnet or ! I ltl(bird sings in a wicker cage ; while the "rlt garden is a perfect blaze of beauty, with sorts of flowers ; and the back presents a ' oo clly show of homely fruit and vegetables, with 'Nall y a rd, alive with cackling poultry, at one k cis perhaps, and a strip of meadow land, with e ovr or horse grazing in it at the othe r :—who „t has had the good luck to see these pictu- Niue, cottages and gardens, where ornament 14 , t 1 u tility blend with each other in lovin g ilOwship, will allow that the s ub j ect is one that i ! 1 1 - 18 with the most pleasing and healthful associ lictos. Were Mr. Poynter's directions, for he has a ill rural taste, to be followed up, cottages like 'hese, with small, well laid out gardens, would more general than they are, throughout the 'entry. His present work comprises a calendar r the months, dwelling particularly on those W hich are best calculated for the sowing of i 4 den produce; together with brief directions , ° ,t hoeing, grafting, watering, Sec., and descrip -I°4 of garden, meadow, and grazing , soils. As 4 'natter of course, Mr. Poynter directs his th; „'st „ attention to the vegetable produc tions of ' 4 cottager's garden ; but he by no means t glects furnishing him with hints for the culti 4tion of shrubs and flowers. Speaking on this 1144 of his subject he says : 4 :` The climate of England is peculiarly favourable for continuance of flowers in blossom. I mean to write 4 . "'eiefly as I can on this subject, and only on such flowers h :an be easily obtained and cultivated by co tta g ers. I :It here observe that in this part of garden labou rs, th e ti t tager should have the assistance of his wife, more par .t%larly than in the cultivation of other articles. Indeed, should be in general her province to attend to it ; and there is any profit attached to it, that ought, if possible, ;fall to ber share. He r industr y ma y , in many 14 1, bring her a new bon net or g own, or other articles q dress, and from the proceeds of flowers she may adorn Pelf. TVhere you see a g arden well stocked with i l oers, kept clean and well man a g ed, y ou will almost ! t e , -*l alts see a neat clean wom an as the mistress of the j t kige. On the contrary, where there are no flowers, [nosily see filth, rubbish, and confusion about the :,!ttage, and generally a dirty , nas t y slattern for its presid ,L,t governess. The cultivatio n of flowers requires care, ;,,lention, and neatness ; and i f a WOMaia bestows those r etest on flowers, she will bestow them in an equal 'Vree upon herself." The words marked in italics contain a world of t ruth. The best apples, observes Mr. Poynter— fruit, by the way, which he is not very ready t ° encourage in cottage gardens—for the la bourers' use, are the Hawthorndean and the keswick codlin ; and the most prolific, conse weqUently the most serviceable, gooseberries, t hose raised by the Lancashire weavers. It is i lhgular that hints for the agriculturist should be t • urtushed by the operative! With respect to cur- Nots, the red, it seems, should be th e p rinci p al f ruit of the cottage garden,—why or wherefore *y e are not informed. We close this cursory l otin e with Mr. Poynter's observations upon h oeing, and Derbyshire hoes ; small "•Tbere are two sorts of this hoe , the lar g e and the ; the iron part of the large one should weigh about FPound and a half , with a se mi-circular neck hammered t ) or.square, the spike part five inches long, by one inch 444 three quarters wide at the widest p art, and narrowed f rom thence to the point; the f a c e next the hand to be a :It; the back to he ridge d alon g the middle to full half inch thick where the widest p art is, and tapering o rli thence towards the sides an d p oint. The p oint is t i. be set nearly at a right angle to the handle; the spike Part of the hoe to be of good steel well tempered, and it Must be wade strong enough to bear being struck down 'ee o r six inches into bard or stony ground. The handle may he of white deal, four and a half or five feet long, t eactly fitted into the socket, and secured by a screw or r ivet, which may easily be taken out, as the hoe will t leca t ionally want sharpening on a grindstone or fresh s teeling, and which cannot be done without taking off 1 , 1 ',e handle. The handle should g raduall y increase in thickness from the socket to the end, so as to be a full 'kb, and half diameter at the end. This shape is very material, as it adds much to the ease an d po wer of usin g the hoe. The small hoe, which is, I think, by far the most useful for every-day purposes, has a handle about t hirty-five inches long, so that it may be used as a walk .4l stick, the end being rounded, and a full inch and a 'Alf in diameter at the end, tapering from t h e nce to the t icket; the iron of this hoe weighs half a pound ; it Nght to be nearly half an inch thick from the face to the r idge, and rather less than an inch and a quarter wide at t he widest part ; and the spike from the widest part to t he point full four inches and a half lon g ; the socket lazed with a screw or rivet, as the other. In working b etween rows of plants of any width where the ground is 4 t all h a rd, and not in a state of fine cultivation, the best kind s of using these hoes is to walk backward and work forward setting on near your feet, a full pace or so, and Working from you until all the soil which you can reach has been stirred over, then moving backward a pace, work up to the part first hoed, and join the two parts together, breaking and levelling with the sides of the hoe ; and this is the easiest way, as well as the best, because nearly 4)1 the striking down and drawing towards you is done Into loose soil. Between narrow rows, and where the land is finely cultivated, the hoes may be drawn through i t backwards; by either of these modes you avoid treading upon the soil which has been worked. The sides of the hoes may be used for flat hoeing or earthing up, and the iron part by itself may be used as a hand hoe. In the hands of a good labourer, accustomed to the use of it, the expedition with which land may be brought into a !elite of cultivation will exceed belief. The common fl hoes, whether square or triangular, do little more than Scrape the ground, cutting weeds in half, leaving the roots in the ground to grow again, and giving no real csativation to the soil, but which the Derbyshire hoe effectually does. At first sight of these hoes, many people are apt to suppose they would be improved by being wider, but this is not the case, for although more soil would be drawn hick each time by a wider tool, yet it is the quick one/ easy deep striking down, and drawing back, which Constitutes the peculiar excellence of these hoes. For cle an ing, and thereby increasing the growth of young hedge., they are invaluable; and another great advantage the smaller hoe pcssesses is this, that it is equally fit for the use of either men, women, or children. " It is a common but erroneous notion, that frequent hoeing in dry weather is injurious to plants. Its effects ar e directly the contrary, it creates moisture. Hoeing, as well as digging , shou ld in g en eral be done deeply, and, if Possible, when the weather is dry. It is not to be done merely to kill weeds, but by deep stirring of the soil, to Rive the roots of plants the means of finding fresh support arid nourishment." We would particularly request the attention of our country readers to the articles on " Ma nure and Tillage" - in Mr. POYNTER'S work ; a zreat deal of new and very important matter will be found under this head. EAST INDIA SKETCH BOOK, SECOND SERIES, 2 V°Ls. LONDON, 1833. We noticed the first series of this work when it appeared, a year or two since, and find that the few defects we then thought it our duty to point out, have no existence in the pre-ent series. We then charged the writer with indulging too much in a splenetic portraiture of character ; in working up ordinary incidents, that would not bear elaborate handling, with too much parade of style and sentiment ; and above all, in looking at life through the discoloured medium of a gloomy temperament, which appeared resolutely bent on shutting out every stray gleam of sun shine. There are no besetting sins of this sort in the volumes before us. They everywhere give humanity fair play. The characters are just such as one meets with, or can readily fancy one may meet with, in real life ; not mere creatures of the fancy—dim, vague adumbrations of some particular foible or passion. In her female sketches, the author (whence we infer that she is of the gentler sex) is more happy than in her male. " Alicia Brooke" is a fine, high-souled maiden, only " a little lower than the angels," but with quite enough of humanity about her to interest humanity in her behalf: It is a pity that this sketch is so very, very slight—so much of an outline, for it is a con ception that deserved to have been worked out in detail. " Hoossain's Adventure " with an old woman in a wild Indian jungle, whom he saved from death, and who, by way of testifying her gratitude, rescued him from the clutches of those savage brigands, the Phansegars, abounds in startling incident, without trespassing too closely on the " wild and wonderful" of mere romance. But the description which (despite the somewhat hackneyed nature of its materials) which will be read with the most interest, is the author's account of her twelve hours' stay at St. Helena, and ascent up the craggy side of the mountains to the tomb of Napoleon. We subjoin a portion of this, just premising, by the way, that it is by no means the most favourable sample of a book which is full of matter, legen dary, historical, and descriptive, mixed up with occasional sparkling sallies of fancy, and highly piquant illustrations of Anglo Indian, and native character, calculated to amuse, more or less, all classes of readers : " It is indeed a sequestered spot, meet fir the purpose to which it is dedicated. Beneath those willows which so gracefully shadow it, la , who rests beneath in quiet slumber, atter a life of such unequalled agitation, was ac customed to sit with his faithful followers, discussing the past, and possibly, for who can limit the delusions of hope ? —forming visions for the future. The place was a favourite retreat, because there Napoleon felt that freedom of spirit which he never enjoyed when he knew himself under the surveillance of another. Here, at least, he was secure from the severe eyes of his watchful guards; here be could indulge in dreams of escape without being con stantly roused from his vision by the spectre of the strong arm which encircled him. Here, too, he had, when the prospect of death lay before him, desired that his body might mingle with his parent dust. And his last desire was obeyed. The willows throw their branches over his grave, which is covered with a single stone, undegraded by an inscription. All is simple and grand. If permitted to indulge his own thoughts, the traveller finds the place admirably suited to the purpose to which it is dedicated, and looks round at the encircling mountains as the meet ramparts which enclose the mortal remains of the mightiest name, that has at once stained and gilded the page of history. " But those contingents which constantly bring down our minds to the level of the vilest common-place, Ere to be found at the tomb of Napoleon. Here is the sergeant who shows the place, and has a tale to tell by rote of all the Emperor's likings and dislikings, reducing the hero to the level of the merest humanity. The informa tion be has to convey, is of course doled out with the same admit able monotony as is adopted by the verger of St. Paul's or of Westminster Cathedral, when he thinks fit to murder history in his anecdotes of the mighty dead. But this infliction is not the worst. You are invited to drink from the well which furnished Napoleon with water, — passe pour vela; a book is handed to you, in which you are requested to inscribe your name, and being by this time thoroughly roused from any day-dream in which you may have indulged, you turn over the leaves in the hope of stimulating your curiosity, or perhaps reviving your interest. You are soon satiated with detecting the struggles of meanness, as it endeavours thus to unite itself with the greatness that is gone. You read a volume of names of which the world never has beard and never will hear; and many of them have ventured to append to their signature certain vile effusions, declaratory of their senti ments for the mighty dead, as if the span of the dwarf could compass the giant. On this leaf is a bombastic effusion in French, i❑ which the writer solemnly dedicates himself to revenge on the English nation the wrongs suf fered by Napoleon during his residence at St. Helena; on the opposite page, you are even more disgusted by some vul4ar scurrility, the handywork of one of that class, who think it desirable to prove their nationality by abusing everything not English. Here the s e ntimentalist pours out a rhapsody so inadequate to the subj e ct, that you close the book in disgust ; and you open it again to read the appalling words, " John Jones visited the tomb of Napoleon Bonaparte, on theist of Nov , 1829 —requiescat in pace !" referring, according to every law of language, to the said John Jones, bum obviously meant by the writer to be a prayer for the repose of the dead. These enormities, however, fill some two or three ledger-like volumes, and we throw them down at length, wearied and annoyed, quite resolute not to add our un distinguished names to the offensive catalogue. We turn, therefore, to go away, and an urchin meets us with a bouquet of scarlet geraniums gathered from the hedge that encloses the garden, in the midst of which stands the dwelling-house of the sergeant. We are already in possession of sundry slips cut from the willow trees, and we add the perishable flowers to our store, turning away, despite the vexations we have endured, with slow and lingering footsteps. 6 ' Of old Longwood nothing remains but the outline of the building which has been converted into granaries for the Company's stores. Napoleon never occupied the present house, wh►ch is now the residence of the governor. Here, therefore, there was little to satisfy curiosity, and we retraced our path to the town more silently than we first travelled along it ; for we had at least gathered I food for meditation!' " .ng WARWICK ELECTION.—It is true that pro ceedings have been instituted in the Court of Exchequer against the following individuals, to recover penalties in curred by alleged acts of bribery at the late election. From Mr. Oran], 5,0001; Mr. J. Tibbits, town-clerk, 3,500/. ; Mr. Ayres, 1,000/. ; Mr. William Trespass, 9,000/. ; Mr. Betts, 1,0001. ; and Mr. Buckley, 1,000/. The Act of Parliament on which these proceedings are founded wan passed in the second year of George 11., cap. 24. Leamington Courier. LORD BYRON'S CONVERSATIONS WITH LADY BLESSINGTON.-The high opinion expressed by the Spectator relative to this very piquant production, we observe, is fully corroborated by the judgment given in the Atlas, where it is observed that "this work reflects great credit upon the talents of the author, and appears to us—judging from the conflicting evidence that has bithe.to been laid before the public—to be the most com plete and satisfactory estimate we have yet seen of the strange character of Lord Byron. The enigma of dif ferences in the moral portraits of his Lordship is com pletely solved." We regret to hear that some vessel has been wrecked in the channel on the Skerweathers. A vast quantity of goods of various descriptions have been washed Ashore on the coasts of Southerdown, Marcross, St. Donats, and Aherthaw. No bodies have as yet been thrown up.-.. Cambrian. FROM LAST NIGHT'S GAZETTE. Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of the County of Kent, West Kent Regiment of Militia, W. A. Foulkes, Gent., to be Ensign, dated Dec. 7. BANKRUPTCY SUPERSEDED. WILLIAM BUTSON CHARD, innkeeper, Glutton Inn, Somersctshirc. BANKRUPTS. SAMUEL BARBER, draper, Drury-lane„ to surrender Dec. 28, at one, and Jan. 28, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Biggenden, Walbrook ; Clark, official assignee, St. Swithin's-lane, Lombard-street. JOSEPH SLATER, coal-merchant, Fulham, Jan. 7, at one, and 28, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Groom, official assignee ; Barker and Bridge, Mark-lane. DAVID DAVIS, silversmith, Castle-street, Houndsditch, Dec. 24, at half-past one, and Jan. 29, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Abbott, King's Arms-yard, Coleman. street, official assignee; Jacobs, Crosby-square. JOHN CUABERLEGE, jun., stock-broker, Old Broad_ street, Jan. 2, at twelve, and 29, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Knight, Church-court, Clement's-lane ; Whit more, Austin.friars, official assignee. WILLIAM MOSS, carpenter, Monksherborne, Hampshire, Dec. 26 and Jan. 28, at eleven, at the Crown Inn, Basingstoke, Hampshire. Warne and Lewis, Basingstoke; Willoughby, Lancaster-place, Strand, London. HENRY CONGREVE, patent medicine proprietor, Queen_ street, Cheapside, London, Dec. 2.'3, at ten, and Jan. 2S, at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Dean, Brunswick-square, Lon. don ; Turquand, Copthall-buildings, official assignee. CHARLES WRIGHT, innkeeper. Dover, Dec. 23, and Jan. 13 and 4S, at twelve, at the Bell Inn, Sandwich, Kent ; Kennett, Dover; Hawkins, Bloxam, and Stocker, New Boswell-court, Carey-street, Lincoln's Inn, London. WILLIAM JACKSON MONKHOUSE, flour dealer, Monvthusloyne, Monmouthshire, Jan. 9 and 2S, at eleven, at the offices of Mr. C. H. Walker, Newport, Monmouthshire. Adlington, Gregory, and Faulkner, Bedford-row, London. DIVIDENDS. R. Ashby, mealman, Upper Thames-street, Jan. 7, at half_ past one, at the Court of Bankruptcy—G. Taylor, ladies' shoe maker, Old Bond-street, Jan. 7, at half-past two, at the Court of Bankruptcy—J. Cochrane, bookseller, Waterloo-place, Pall-mall, Jan. 8, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy — P. Barratt, jeweller, New Bond-street, Jan. 9, at eleven,:at the Court of Bankrupt'—J. F. and W. Street, stationers, Buck lersbury, Jan. 7, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy— J. Black, Sligo, merchant, Jan. 9, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy—J. Dudderidge, woollen-draper, Whitechapel, Jan. 9, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy—J. C. Baddeley, shipowner, Brixham, Devonshire, Jan. 9, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy—J. Edwards, cheesemonger, Marylebor.e, Jan. 7, at three, at the Court of Bankruptcy—A. Applegath, printer, Stamford.street, Lambeth, Jan. 7, at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy — A. C. Marsh, navy-agent, Great Scotland-yard, Jan. 7, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy—F. Dunn, miller, Drypool, Yorkshire, Jan. 7, at twelve, at the Kingston Hotel, Kingston-upon-Hull—T. Saxby, lace-manufacturer, Lough borough, Jan. 7, at two, at the King's Head Inn, Lough borough—W. Bissill, bowl-manufacturer, Quorndon, Leices tershire, Jan.l7, at one, at the King's Head Inn, Loughborough --E. Brattan, upholsterer, Northwich, Cheshire, Jan. 10, at eleven, at the Talbot Hotel, Northwich—J. Gray, clothes salesman, Chichester, Jan. 8, at nine, at the Swan Inn, Chi chester—W. Gibson, broker, Pendleton, Lancashire, Jan. 13, at ten, at the Commissioners' Rooms, Manchester. CERTIFICATES.-JAN 7. W. Wilkinson;flour-dealer, Leeds—P. C. Prideaux, timber. merchant, Plymouth—T. Rutland, bobbin-maker, Notting ham—J. Fisher and J. Barnard, horse-dealers, Bristol—S. Aston, seri., ironmonger, Nottingham—J. Williams, linen draper, High-street, Newington—E. M. Bourchier and S. Bon sor, tallow chandlers, Oxford.street—T. Rice, mason, Old Brampton—T. I. Dimsdale, corn-factor, Trinity.square, Tower Hamlets. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. J. Caunt and T. Hawksley, surgeons, Nottingham—C. Fos ter and D. Foster, maltsters, Lincoln —Joseph and John Yates, stampers, Birmingham—J. R. 11I' Knight and J. Smith, dra pers, Leicester—J. F. Wardle and J. Henney, drapers, Wol verhampton—T. B. Hurgeon and J. Hooker, merchants, Jeru salem Coffi,e-house, Cowper's-court, Cornhill—lt. Stein, B. Ansley and C. Clark, London (as far as regards Charles Clark) — T. Field and A. Bennett, grocers, Tottenham-court.road — S. Gettliffe and J. S. Abbott, millers, Leek, Staffordshire —Mary Clarke and H. Collier, schoolmistresses, Providence-place, Ken nington-lane, Lambeth, Surrey—W. Bell, J. Carr, R. Dodgson, G. Bell, and T. H. Merridew, merchants, Wood-street (so far as regards T. 11. Merridew)—J. Royds and J. Brockbank, black well-hall factors, Bucklersbury—J. Wilde, J. Lees, J. Buckley, and J. Kenworthy, coal-masters, Sholver, Oldham, Lancashire —W. Turner and J. Cheesbrough, surgeons, Liverpool. FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE. ARRIVALS. Mr. and Mrs.Prothcroe, and Mr. Brewer, at the Union Hotel, Cockspur.street, from Bristol ; Carden Terry, Esq.; at ditto, from Ireland; Thomas Bridges, Esq., at ditto, from Errisdon ; Charles Priestle, Esq., at ditto, from Cheltenham ; Major Gregory, 9Sth regiment; at ditto, from Devonport ; Capt. P. Gardiner, at ditto, from Henley ; G. Hodgson, Esq., at ditto, from Cambridge ; Wm. Kendrick, Esq., at ditto, from ditto; Messrs. Hore and Glasscotc, at ditto, from Dublin ; Wm. Moore, Esq., at ditto, from Ireland ; H. Hessing, Esq., at ditto, from Scotland ; Cuthbert Holder, Esq., at ditto, from Clifton ; William Thorpe, Esq., 30th regiment, at ditto, from Cheltenham; Rev. J. Ray. mond, at ditto, from Chichester. NAVAL ARCHITECTURE and the GREAT SCHOOL. [The following letter touches so ably on the subject of Naval Architecture —an article on which we copied from the Metropolitan Magazine a few weeks ago, that we are sure our naval readers will be happy to sec it in The Sun] : To the EDITOR of the DEVONPORT TELEGRAPH and PLYMOUTH CHRONICLE. SlR,—Allow me to have a bit of a brush again with M., through the medium of your Journal. Hew does M. relish personalities ? It is not " Hew we apples swim." He must be " sub-surveyor," and so on—but rather, " How we School of Naval Architecture feel the lash of F. M.— How we together smart—How my hopes are blasted in becoming Surveyor?" F. M. has undoubtedly been se vere in castigating the writers of this famous pamphlet the " Apology for Ship-building," but I conceive perfectly retifiable on rational grounds, for if individuals complain of Covet nment s,rl tries of lOW., 2501., and 1801. per annum, being too insignificant for their very arduous and studious occupations, (with a gt utuitous boon of education too !) whilst the less fortunate lieutenant of his Majesty's navy, after twenty or thirty years hard servitude, injured constitution from climate, and hearing many an honourable scar, is obliged to be content with 901. per annum on half ply; or eve n in foil pay, with five hundred times a greater charge upon his shoulders than any of the gentlemen of the School of Naval Architecture ever had or are likely to have, with the enormous sum of one hundred and fifty pounds per annum, and probably supporting two tables and a family—and I may also add, the military officer's half pay, 751. per annum ! both of whom must appear as gentlemen—pro pudor ! Then I say reformation on this point is alone necessary, and as M., in your last Journal intimates that F. M. is a " reformer," the pruning kni'e could not be better applied. Besides, it was necessary for F. M. to advance what he (lid, which is deemed so per sonal, and sets M.'s " back up again" " most confoundedly about pedigree," that the disappointed, misled, and treated individuals of the School of Naval Architecture should not gull the public with their claims, abilities, and nonsense. My object, Sir, on the present occasion, however, is to take a short retrospective view of the defunct naval admi nistration, and compare their deeds of glorious n +vat pro duction, in justification of which they so arrogantly claim honour and reward, with what is now transpiring before our eyes in the present administration. I shall not ante date further than the establishment of this illustrious " School of Navel Architecture" 22 years ago, although, lamentable to be said, 40 or 50 years previously, the naval administration was in a most degraded state ; and although this school was formed for the express purpose of improvement in Naval Architecture, so inherent were the follies of the former era, that nothing but " the most damnable proof" (using the high language of M. in a former correspondence) of ignorance, imbecility, and pre judice, existed throughout. I say prejudice, Sir, for here was the root of evil—jumping from earlier dates than now alluded to, where the " Apology" admits of greater beam to vessels being given, and that of course correctly—into that period when Sir R. Seppings took office, who to avenge himself on builders in private yards (which I believe I know something about, and if my cor roboration should not be sufficient, Pitcher's, Ingram's, and other yards on the Thames, as well as Bing'-, Ross's, and another yard on the Medway will attest) decreed that his Majesty's ships of war required less beam, as meeting when so constructed, with less resistance through the fluids ; and the sequel, Sir that there would be economy ! ! for ton nage would not so accumulate, and the builders would not gain so much by it !! ! They made too much money !! ! ! So Sir, to be avenged on the poor builders, as some of them ventured to dictate to Sir It on certain points, the whole British Navy was sacrificed at the shrine of caprice; for, mark you, it would have been too glaring to have built 74's and frigates in his Majesty's yards of the same lengths on deck as in private yards, and widi an increase of beam ! No ! this would nut have done at all! On a push, forty 74's were built, denominated the " forty thieve s," under prescribed regulations, in imitation of the Repulse—many by private builders. They proved afterwards to be deficient in every quality ; several of diem can be identified by the writer in the Tamar, having had thorough repairs, re maining as floating monuments of the grossest folly in Naval construction that ever existed. It is true there were some imitations made of French bottoms, indeed entire ships, built in the King's yards, but whether there was a film over the " retina" of the ex-Surveyor and his able assistants, a matter of two hundred tons was considered nothing in the dimensions. Let us come, however, to a later date, in which M. and his aspiring associates, no doubt, were as busily employed in algebraic solu tions, philosophical discussions, and mathematical prob lems, for giving lines for various noble ships, as he is in writing at the present moment under the cognomens of M—N—A Civil Engineer—(" How many more names will he assume" before he appears real, since "the Naval School has nothing to fear") defending their poor weakened cause, and reviewing his own articles. I refer in particular to the construction of forty 38 gun frigates (then rated) of 1,000 tons each, a subject which the late Admiral Sir J. Penrose, ably controverted; whilst Ame rica was scouring the seas with their 1,500 ton frigates, and taking our ships as easily as a dancing master can mike a bow. 0! it was impossible to build larger frigates, because the " Apology" says it would not accord with "Economy !"—there was such a dearth of timber ! ! —none large enough! ! !—yet 71's were building in his Majesty's yards, and hundreds lying and rotting in the rivers, which might have been converted into frigates at a moderate expense. But no—it was cheaper to build frigates of 1,000 tons, equip them, and send them to sea, etch costing the country about 50,0001., and let the Americans take, sink, and destroy them, with a few hundred of "Blue Jackets." Besides a crimsoned deck was an honour, if beaten after all ! Would Sir Robert and his proteges have fancied being in the bloody . strife? No, but "let them fight it out !" Again, on the subject of beam—Does M. recollect the doubling of a certain three decker at Sheerness, soon after she was launched? Is he not aware that a ship constantly floating before his eyes—a Royal ship, and a Queen Ade laide to, was doubled from the wales to the floor heads, whilst on the stocks, the men on the upper stages driving 2ft. Gin. treenails? What could this be for? Only a trifling error in beam I she would be hardly stiff enough ! Does not 111. also recollect the famous sloops of war of 444 tons, and 26 guns, built in 1813, on purpose to fight the American sloops of 600 tons? At the same period were in construction, corvettes of 454 tons, arel 29ft. Gin. beam, whilst France and America were building corvettes large enough to take ours in on the deck as mere jolly boats. Look again at the 10-gun brigs ; only 40 of them con structed to send to " Davy Jones's Locker," where five of them, as packets, have certainly gone within these five or six years. What became of the corvettes? One was lost off North America, all hands perishing ; another or two off Africa ; and some Brother Jonathan claimed as " his oven share," and a specimen of English ship building. What became of that beautiful corvette, the Acorn, a peculiar plan of Sir R. Seppings, with a shifting keel, &c. Fee., built at Chatham, and sent to sea in four months from the period her keel was laid down? Lost, and every soul perished ! Yet in one portion of /11.'8 letters, in reflecting upon Capt. Symonds' principles of construc tion, as regards sailing without ballast, (a thing perfectly feasible) is this •climax, (perhaps little dreaming of the retaliation)—" The public may possibly be led by this assertion to recollect that many an orphan may be living to deplore experiments that have been made on fancy models." They have deplored it in Sir Robert's and the School of Naval Architecture's time. There was indeed a constant succession of weeping and moan ing of the widow and the orphan from rash experiments, such as have b een d eta il e d in newspapers, during their predominancy. Can the like lamentation be traced since Capt. Symonds took office ? No. This, Sir, is a cursory outline of what has been effected during the establishment of the Emporium of Naval Ar chitecture ; and I will defy M. to controvert a single iota of what I have asserted. On this basis I would ask—has the country a ri g h t to b e satisfied with the result of the Mathematical, Al ge b ra i ca l , or Phil osop hi ca l acqu i r ements made by the l ate school, together w i th t h e F renc h (and dancing, fiddli ng, and horsemanship, for aught I know) , a s commensurate with th e ex p enses l a vished, for gratuitous education, th e di sgrace incurred, and the losses to be de plored ? How was it possible moving "in limitations" as to beam and tonnage, to produce anything like a ship, possessing the qualities which were desired ? France, America, and even Russia, were constructing vessel', truly scientific, and of extraordinary dimensions. Why not have imitated them ? Was it the expense ? Most cer tainly ! What became of the President, American fri gate—the Florida , regular clipper. a beautiful American corvette, sound throughout, and a What became of the Chesapeake? The lines o f w hi c h, obtained in Ame rica, I had by me some time since , feelin g interested in a comp ar i son wit h t h ose of the Shannon, which ship Was built by parties I am very particularly acquainted w i t h . What became of the sev eral small class of vessels as n ote d sailers—an d which we now and then manager! to captur e by s tratagem? They were a ll e ither broken up or sold, an d no further notice t aken Q f them. These lines w ou ld have pro d u ced a most exquisite sensa tion in the A ca d emy ; for, I a ssure you, Sir, those of the Chesapeake differ as much from the Shannon as the collier does from a cutter; approximating in many points to Captain Symonds' views of construction. Yet, in times past, this school was considered the theatre of art, the mother of science, the nurse of naval construction , the Fountainhead of all. Ilad the " Apology" been written at the period of their zenith, would the head ing of the work included " that we are not to look to the n ivy for construction ?" No, no, no,—that would not have done ; but now all bands are ousted, (and high time that they were) every scheme is invented—every machination is raked up to oppose the experimental doc trine of Naval Architecture. propagated by the present surveyor, because he is a sailor ! ! ! What in the name 0 1 goodness has been the use of composing and writing the Eight Articles of War, contained in the Apology ? A Surveyor must he this—and a Surveyor must be that— and this thing must not be done—and that must not be done. Is the helm of naval affairs to he hard.a-lee ? Are Navy and all hands to go to the Devil, because there are certain duties for a surveyor to go through before 1 e can he perfect, and which are only attained when he is about being stowed away under the tut f — ( for we don't live to the age of Methusalah now)—and so on in succession til! the acme is never realized ? No. Captain Symonds is to be congratulated in his situation ; and the Admiralty on his appointmen , , as being an instrument (whether possessing an " intuitive knowledge," or acquired mathe matical and philosophical knowledge), to save Old Eng land from a disgrace that was rapidly covering her, and in which, like mighty Rome, she must have eternally sunk. The questions naturally are—what has Captain Symonds done? What are his qualifications? What are his pecu liar views of construction ? And what are the results, as deserving the country's confidence? On these points I reserve myself to a future opportu nity, having already, I fear, exceeded your columns. In the interim, am, Sir, your obedient bervant, Devonport, Dec: 3, 1833. A LANDSMAN. COURT CIRCULAR. Viscount Althorp left town yesterday, for his meat,Wise ton Hall, Nottinghamshire. Mr. Bur.,e, the agent for JArmaica ; Mr. Coltphoun, the agent for St. Vincent, and Mr. D'Epinay, of the Alauritius, transacted business yesterday at the office of the Secretary of State for the Colonial Department. The meeting of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, appointed to take place this day, has been post poned. Per C(trit • --- SPIRIT OF THE MAGIC. Jot TRN A L3. The illorningPost Of- Tsterd - kti to amuse its readers 4tr . 1414iil against the Municipal ComlTikseet , s l7 lAZi:g Fqu ib , is clever enough, but as a gpeilKien of reasoning is not quite so clever. We allude to the article in which the Commissioners are h ailed over the coals, and described as " a set of mountebanks acting upon a spurious ant ho. ritv." The King's Commission a spurious au -I)ority I Well done Toryism—well done Conservatism ! There was once a time when the same journal would have stigmatized such language as little short of treason ; but all men and all parties become Destructives when they are sorely vexed, and we take this `eery levity of our contemporary, to call it by no wolle name, as a proof of the fright and horror with whir. ll 3 certain junta regard the investigation now quietly going forward in the city of London. We never remember to have heard the prerogative so described by that party when it was exercised against the people ; but now that it is exercised for the people, and for the discovery of abuses which affect their welfare, it is a spurious authority, forsooth—it is a usurpation which good citizens are called upon to resist, and good subjects to ridicule, by a comparison with the lowest species of juggling and buffoonery. Might we, in a serious moment, request our contemporary to consider the obvious tendency of his remarks, and how far the general adop tion of such sentiments would he compatible with good government, or with any Government at all ? Surely his respect for the constituted authorities must hang rather loosely when it can be shaken off in a fit of party spleen, or to an swer a party purpose. But to return to the ar :Me in question ; our contemporary seems to make it a charge against the mountebanks, as he calls them, that they omitted going round with the hat. This is a more consistent accusation than the first ; for the Tories, to do them jus tice, never omitted the interesting ceremony of sending the hat round. They never eat in the juggler's chair, nor stood on the mountebank's stage, without contriving to get their fingoo into our pockets. It is true that the Whigs have often showed a disposition of the same kind ; but all we request is, that for the sake of a third party, too commonly overlooked by both, the neglect of the hat in the present instance, or in any future instance, by either party, should not be too severely stig matised. Our contemporary is in raptures with certain corporators who refused to be sworn, and then he is wroth with the Chief Commissioner for consenting not to swear them. This com pliment to the corporation, too, if to consider them incapable of telling falsehoods can be taken in that light, was a deadly offence. But then it brought comfort with it as a failure the authority of the Commission. As it is pov sible, however, that truth may be elicited with out oaths, we, and those who think with us that the success of this procedure is of great importance to the best interests of the commu nity, are content with the appearance which matters have already assumed in the city and elsewhere under the authority of the King's Commission, nor will we easily let go the hope that the screaming of the birds of prey is only ominous of the near extinction of corrupt pa tronage in some of its most inveterate h01d5....." Morning Herald. The anticipated fall of Turkey threatens to embroil Europe. It is understood that the Russian Ambassador began to assume a very unbecoming tone, when remonstrated with on the subject of the preparations of his Govern ment. The demonstrations, however, of Eng land and France, will no doubt have their proper effect. Russia alone could not take European Turkey. Austria, as is well known, long evinced an honest inclination to support Turkey. But it is more than probable that when Austria be comes satisfied that Turkey must fall, she will repeat her game in the case of Poland, and take her share. The question will then be, whether Austria, prudent as she unquestionably is, will hazard the consequences of an European war (for such a war it must become), and make common cause with Russia. Strong suspicions are entertained that Metternich has made up his mind to venture on the bold policy. The consequence of an European war cannot be contemplated coolly by any man who has ever reflected on such subjects. The existing generation throughout Europe must he exposed to great calamity. At the same time we have no doubt as to the result. In the present state of Europe the population may choose to ' prefer submission to many things of which they disapprove, rather than risk the consequences of any attempt to remedy them by violence. But, assuredly, if the Sovereigns themselves put the masses in motion, they will find to their cost, that the people of Europe will not suffer them selves to be made the blind instruments for the furtherance of their ambitious designs. We have no doubt that the termination of the war would be the universal overthrow of absolute monarchies in Europe. It has been demon strated that absolute governments are an evil which all nations have the same interest in put ting down, that the peaceable cultivators have in the destruction of wolves. It is the interest of the nations that they shall be prosperous ; for one country benefits by the prosperity of every other country. Again, it is not for the interest of any people that it should make extensive conquests, because this is merely taxing itself to keep its neighbours miserable. Were repre sonetanht i t eo a r s v e a bn G edn o: fi ' l e ) tartnving n by t s g no t e h n ien e rt interest this eosstp principle e tycoofn of conquest, each , would afford a guar b antee for the duration of peace. o i i tad , i f , mo t e e : r ai e l tr s iyb s o t i t e s be When undertaken. there change „for thewar, ll Government—make the Sovereign awr the aacr twe master, instead it of tehoret, instead of the First Magistrate of the nation — and you have instantly a motive for extension of boundaries, that his grandeur may be in creased. Absolute Princes are, therefore, anti social existences. They have a constant motive for disturbing their neighbours. The people of Saxony, for instance, are far happier—far more prosperous than the people of Russia or Austria. rchies dsyr. frkppler rep,.stetnit'ltfiel there tore, exchange people aricy w ,iil i e t cmci l a i skol i t .cri le King of Saxony ? If But would the Emperor of Russia, or the Emperor in By no means. But, on the other hand, what Saxon This at exchange once w s 'i l t ) h o w a s Rhuos,svi a n m o u r c Aus trianmuch tthe general wish in Europe to the mind of an absolute Sovereign ; and nothing or the revolu tionary the rid dorfeaadbsoofiute Sovereigns, o p a sio,iitoilgs aggrandizement e dragged into war, though the present g k e r lation may suffer, future generations will orofit. One of the first results will be the inde pendence of Poland and the independence and DEPARTURES. Rev. William Hussey, from the Union Hotel, Cockspur. street, for Bath ; Sutherland Menzies, Esq., from ditto, for Cheltenham ; Major Russell, R. A., from ditto, for Dover; Hon. Mr. Harris, from ditto, for Kent; Lieut. Charteris, R.N., from ditto, for Cheltenham; Wm. Davis, Esq., from ditto, for Wells, Somerset ; J. Fullerton, Esq., from ditto, for Southampton ; Christopher Towers, Esq., M.P., from ditto, for Weald.hall, Sussex. CITY OF LONDON CORPORATION IN QUIRY.-(THIS DAY.) The Commissioners met, pursuant to adjournment, a 11 o'clock this morning. Mr. Deputy Wool) returned lists of the ward clerks, and of 12 sergeants at-mace who execute, and 5 who do not execute, process ; and of 122 deputy corn-meters. Pr. Deputy Wood also corrected a mistake he had made as to the number of Sheriffs' yeomen, which he had stated to be 16 ; be bad, however, since found there were four more, who, however, were not in attendance of the Sheriffs. Mr. Commissioner DRINKWATER asked if the witness had ascertaked whether the process of the Lord Mayor's Court could be executed within the liberties of London ? Mr. Deputy Woon replied he had been informed by an officer of the Court that the process could be executed in such of the liberties as were within the City walls. With respect to an inquiry made yesterday, as to whether an instance had occurred of the Court of Aldermen having ever fined one of their body for refusine, when elected, to serve, the office of Lord Mayor, Mr. Wood said that he had found such an instance had occurred in the year 1797, when the then Alderman of the Ward of Portsoken, Mr. Benjamin Haunnett, was duly elected Lord Mayor, and, on refusing to serve, was fined 1,0001., which was en forced ; and to prevent a repetition of that fine, Mr. Hammett resigned his aldermanic gown in the following year, and was succeeded by Sir James Shaw. The Commissioners then proceeded to examine Mr. Deputy Wood as to the qualification for, an:: mode of elec tion to the office of Common Counci:inan, a subject too well known to the metropolit:in public, to need any description on the present occasion. Dlr. Wood was proceeding with his examination under this head, when our reporter left. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE-(THIS DAY. FROM LLOYD'S. DIAL, Dac. 17.—A heavy gal:• from the Westward. —Arrived the Exmouth, from rigs. . . PORTSMOUTH, Dec. 17..—A heavy gale all last night and to-day from S.W. to W.S.W. and W.N.W.—Ar rived his Majesty's ship Rover, from Malta ; and his Ma jesty's ship Nautilus, from Bilboa. FALMOUTH, Dec. 16.—Wind S.W., fresh gales and squally. STAIWATE CREEK, Dec. 17.—Arrived the Ellen, Cos ter, from Constantinople; and Wheaten, Hernarnaw, from Mazagan. RastscaTe, DEC. 17.—Arrived the Olive Branch, Leader, from Lisbon. Newrona, DEC. 16.--Arrived the Eleanor, Philips, from Newfoundland. LIVERPOOL, DEC. 16.—Arrived the Albion, Bantum, from Demerara; and Sion Hill, Richards, from Quebec. Duatax, DEC. 16.—Arrived the Lark, Smith, from Lisbon. WATERFORD, DEC. 15.—Arrived the Truelove, Wear from Oporto. Coux, DEC. 15.—A rr i ve d th e Queen, Smith, fro m Ric hebucto. The Sisters, Gaine, from Miramichi to Sunderland was upset off Yarmouth, on Monday—crew saved. Tne Maria Antoinette, Maurk, from S.incove to Hull, was stragded near Ullesund, on the 30th ult. The Tina, Finch, from Stettin to Scotland, put into Arenduhl leaky, and must discharge. The Active, Hanson, bound to Hull, has put into Sandeford leaky, and must discharge. The Baltic Merchant, Demble, from Quebec, is stip. posed to be arrived in the Downs. BRIGHTON, DEC. 17. In consequence of the unfavourable state of the weather yesterday their Mijesties did not leave the Palace during the day. The King gave audience to Colonel Sir John Woodford. Sir Charles 2sl. Clark, General and Mrs. Dickens, Colonel Sir Thomas Downrnan, Sir James Fraser, Major Johnson, and Lieut.-Colonel Grey bad the honour of visiting their Majesties yesterday afternoon. The Baron and B ironess Dimsdale, who have been sojourning here for the last few weeks, will take their departure the latter end of the present week for their seat in Herefordshire. The Royal dinner party last evening included the Prin cess Augusta, Duchess of Gloucester, Earl and Countess of Moray, Earl and Countess of Clarendon, the Ladies Stuart, Mr. Geo. Stuart, Earl and Countess of Errol, Lord Frederic Fttzclarence, Lord Colville, Marchioness of Westmeath, Lord James O'Brien, General Phi l ips, Hon. Miss Eden, and Viscount Falkland. Letters were received here yesterday from Petworth, communicating a progressive improvement in the health of the Earl of Egretnont. The demand for tickets to the approaching " Alinack's Ball" has been greater than on any former occasion. The Countess of Rosse has issu-d cards of invitation for a ball and supper, at her residence in Brunswick-terrace. A fire broke out in a house on the Grand-parade the night before last, but, by the prompt assistance of a com p any of the Grenadier Guards, it was shortly extinguished. The fire, it appears, originated in the sleeping-room of the lady of the house, from the incautiously placing a candle too near her bed. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent is ❑ot the only distinguished individual who has sustained inconvenience from their movements being publicly noticed in the official Court Circular. The Noble Pre. mier is stated to have recently expressed his high indigna tion at certain visits to a diplomatic character of high rank being similarly noticed. Prince Talley_ rand and the Duchess de Dino were expected at the French Embassy yesterd iy, to dinner, but, owing to the tempestuous state of the weather, it is considered that they have been prevented reaching Dover. Part of his Excellency's powerful establisbmcnt of the cuisine arrived on Monday. Prince Esterhazy, Prince and Princess Lieven, Baron Bulow, and most of the corps diplomatique, left town the day before yesterday, for the seat of Lord Pal. merston, Broadlands, near Romsey, Hants, where his Lordship is entertaining a numerous and distinguished circle, who are not expected to return to town until to. morrow or Friday. In consequence of the report of Mr. Attwood's speech at Gateshead, which appeared in the Newcastle Press, Mr. Harland, M.P., waited on Mr. Attwood, on behalf of the Earl of Durham, for the purpose of requir ing an explanation of a passage in that speech, which seemed to reflect on Lord Durham's private character. Mr. Harland received from Mr. Attwood the following statement, which we are authorised to publish:— " Mr. Attwood fully disclaims any intention of casting the slightest imputation on Lord Durham's personal courage, or on his character of a man of honour and a gentleman, in the ex pressions used by him in his speech at Gateshead, with re ference to his Lordship's observations regarding the Bishop of Exeter. (Signed) " CHARLES ATT WOOD. " Whickham, Tice. 9." Mr. Horace Smith has again indulged in that comic vein which gave such great celebrity to the " Rejected Addresses." His cit;zen knight, transplanted into the most aristocratic quarters of the West ; his sketches of some of the poor and proud nobility ; his por traits of the adventurers, who with their preposterous airs of "exclusiveness" infest every house wherein young heiresses are to be found ; his busy, busting, invita tion—hunting women ; his delineations, in short, of whatever is at once absurd and vicious, as portrayed in the new story of " Gale Middleton," are in the best wool of satirical comedy. Mr. Bunn is returned from Paris. It is said in theatrical circles that the Revolte du Serrail will be brought out at Covent-garden forthwith. DINNER TO THE MEMBERS FOR MAN CHESTER.-The public dinner to the representatives for Manchester, so long delayed in consequence of Mr. Pou lett Thomson's engagements as Vice President of the Board of Trade, is announced for Thursday in the Ex change Dining-room. - - The agents of Queen Donna Maria in this country have during the week entered into contracts for 800 horses, muskets, clothing, and other accoutrements. Several vessels have been freighted, and it is expected that by the latter end of this week a part of the horses will be shipped for Lisbon. Two steatn.boats are about to be contracted for, which will be armed and manned by British sailors. The High Sheriffs in various parts of England have opened Courts under the Act for the purpose of trying issues joined in actions depending in either of the superior Courts of Law, for any debt not exceeding 201. The question as to whether barristers or attorneys are to appear in these Courts as Advocates has been set at rest by the opinion of the Lord Char.collor and Justices Bosan quet and Parke, that they are open equally - to both. At the Middlesex Sessions, on Thursday, the Court unanimously refused an application no► to entreat the recognizances of a witness who, having over. slept himself, did not appear in Court early enough, by which a notorious offender was acquitted. An Irish gentleman, an observer of rural life in both countries, his offered the following singular chal lenge to a gentleman of England. He proposes that he shall go into any market town of Meath, on a fair day, without notice beforehand, and select one hundred men of that county, and the English gentleman shall go into any market town in any part of England, also without notice, and choose two hundred. The parties so selected shall meet on the Curragh on a day to be fixed in August, 1834, without any weapons, and shall make the following trial of strength and skill :—That the two parties be draw❑ up opposite to ea4h other, at a distance of 21 yards; they shall close at a signal ; no blow shall be given ; and the challenger wagers one thousand pounds that the hundred Irishmen will throw the two hundred Englishmen on th. ground, each man once thrown to be removed, and not to be allowed to take further part in the contest. Fifty sove reigns hdve been deposited by each party, and the English gentleman forfeits unless his countrymen are on the ground on or before the Ist of August.—.Dub/in Dispatch. daich 11 thai had E ;ham lama men Bing the sing Tern