The Sun. — London, England, 1863-12-23 00:00:00

EfE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. FeYow-Citzzens of the Senate and .House of _Representatives, Arother yeir of health and sufficiently abundant hervests has missed. For these, and especially for the improved condition of our national affairs, our renewed and profoundest gratitude is due. FOREIGN AFFAIRS. We remain in peace and friendship with foreign Powers. The efforts of disloyal citizens of the United States to involve us in foreign wars to aid an inexcusable insurrection have been unavailing. Her Britennic Majesty's Government, as was justly expected, have exercised their authority to prevent the departure of new hostile expeditions from Bri. tish ports. The Emperor of France has, by a like proceeding, promptly indicated the neutrality which he pro claimed at the beginning of the contest. Questions o f great intricacy and importance have arisen out of the blockade, and other belligerent operations, botwecn the Government and several of the mari time Powers, but they have been discussed. and, as far as was possible, accommodated in a spirit of frankness, justice, and mutual goodwill. It is especially gratifying that our Prize Courts, by the impartiality of their adjudications, have commanded the respect and confidence of maritime Powers. The supplemental treaty between the United States and Great Britain for the suppression of the African slave trade, made on the 17th day of Feb ruary last, has been duly ratified and carried into execution. It is believed that so far as American ports and American citizens are concerned that in human and odious traffic has been brought to an end. I shall submit for the consideration of the Senate a convention for the adjustment of the possessory claims in Washington Territory arising out of the treaty of the 15th of Tune, 1846, between the United States and Great Britain, and which have been the source of some disquiet among the citizens of that now rapidly improving part of the country. A novel and important question, involving the extent of the maritime jurisdiction of Spain in the waters which surround the Island of Cuba, has been debated without reaching an agreement, and it is proposed in an amicable spirit to refer it to the arbitrament of a friendly Power. A convention for that purpose will be submitted to the Senate. I have thought it proper, subject to the approval of the Senate, to concur with the interested com mercial Powers in an arrangement fo r t h e liquida tion of the Scheidt dues, upon the principles which have been laeretefore ado2ted in regard to the im posts upon navigation in the waters of Denmark. The long-pending controversy between this Government and that of Chili, touching the seizure at Setana, in Peru, by Cantu officers, of a large amount of treasure belonging to citizens of the United States, has been brought to a close by the award of his Majesty the King of the Belgians, to whose arbitration the question was referred by the parties. The subject was thoroughly and patiently exa mined by that justly respected magistrate, and although the sum awarded to the claimants may not have been as large as they expected, there is no reason to distrust the wisdom of his Majesty's decision. That decision was promptly complied with by Chili when intelligence in regard to it reached that country. The joint commission under the act of the last sesiion for carrying into effect the convention with Peru on the subject of claims has been organised at Lime, and is engaged in the business. Difficulties concerning inter•oceanic transit through Nicaragua aro in course of amicable ad justment. In conformity with principles set forth in my last Annual Message I have received a representative from the United States of Columbia, and have accredited a Minister to that Republic. INTERNATIONAL RIGIITS OF ALIENS. Incidents occurring in the progress of our civil war have forced upon my attention the uncertain state of international questions touching the rights of foreigners in this country, and of United States citizens abroad. In regard to some Governments, these rights are at least partially defined by treaties, In no instance, however, is it expressly stipulated that in the event of civil war a foreigner residing in this country, within the lines of the insurgents, is to be exempted from the rule which classes him as a belligerent, in whose behalf the Government of this country can not expect any privileg©s or immunities distinct from that character. I regret to say, however, that such claims h.:ve been put forward, and in some in stances in behalf of foreigners who have resided in the Unite/ States the greater part of their lives. There is reeson to believe that many persons born iu fozeign countries, who have declared their intcn• tic:a to become citizens, or who have been fully na turalised, have evaded the military duty required of them by denying the fact, and thereby throwing upon the Government the burden of proof. It has been found difficult or impracticable to obtain this proof for want of guiLs to the proper source of in form.ettion. Th - • c6e might us suppliel by requiring clerks of CtAirt9l where declarations of intention may be \lat or naturalisations Effected, to send periodi callyof the names of the persons naturalised or deelari gg their s intention to become citizens, to the teretzw y et the Interior, in whose department the names might be arranged and printed for general information, There is also reason to believe that foreigners r elo s e o n i tly become citizens of the United purpose of evading duties itn pSotsaetdesbfyorththealaw:o r ft i heir nati-to country, to which, on becoming naturalised here, they at once repair, an d though never reteili"g to the United States, they still claim the tinte rposition of this Government as citizens. Many altercations am great prejudices have heretofore aris en out of this It is therefore su b m itted to your conside ration, It might be ad visable to fix a limit beyond villa.blo citizen of the United States resi din g abroad may 01 831 n the inter position of his Government. The right of suffrage has often bee n a ., i l d a l t nica tn e r d al a i:: exercised by aliens h a u v n e d d e wader s t a h v e o p w r e e d t e w n t h e m() tions, which they afted into tha military service. I submit the expediency of such an anytto ent of the law as will make the fa ct of voting 41to pal against any plea of exemptio n from militat y , :; vice, or even civil obligation, on the ground of alienage. JAPAN. In common with other Western powers, our rela tions with Japan have been brought i nto serious jeopardy through the perverse opposition of the hereditary aristocracy of the empire to the en lightened and liberal policy of the Tycoon designed to bring the country in the society of nations. It is hoped, although not with entire confidence, that these difficulties may be peaceably overcome. I ask your attention to the claim of the Minister residing there for the damages he sustained in the destruc tion by fire of the residence of the legation at Yedo. Satisfactory arrangements have been made with the Emperor of Russia, which it is believed will result in erecting a continuous line of telegraph through thst empire from the Pacific coast. I __ _ omui COMMERCIAL INTERESTS. stibi r e l C t or an international to your favourable Consideration the telegraph across the At lantic o cean capital end 'ae" also of a telegraph between the th eat f tonal forts along the seaboard aeal the Gulf established 'with Mexico . Such communications, y reasonable outlay, would bo economical as Well as ff ° l t s t e h r vice . nr,tic, military, and naval aids to the dip ]o- The consular sy stem last Congress United States under the enactments of the eeli.s3stl ining-, end there is ie n ,l gress begins to be to hope riv , f1,377.-re e77iroly sl with. thee 0 Tl . teen r t es . torti. that it Ny.-.in-, will cubes, whenever p , ac , i ' s "" 9.9 of trade, On" Yriiii:;:z.::s abrold have aithful in de fending Am/Tic:al righ!s. In protecting commercial interests our Consuls have necessarily had to encounter increased labours and responsibilities grosri og out of the war. These they have, for the mo st p art, met and dischar ged with zeal and efficiency. This acknowled gment justly includes those conE.:uls who, re9idin g . in H" , "d othrn. Oriental countries, are enarged with:complex func tions and extraordinary powers. The condition of the several organised territories is generally satisfactory, although Indian disturb• tuxes in New Mexico, have not been entirely sup pressed. The mineral resources of Colorado, Nevada, Idaho, New Mexico, and Arizona are proving far richer than has been heretofore understood. I lay before you a communication on this subject from the Governor of New Mexico. I again submit to your consideration the expedi ency of establishing a system for the encourage ment of emigration, al though this source of national wealth and strength "is again flowing with greater freedom than for s 6yeral years before the insurrec tion occurred. There is still a great deficiency in every field of industcy,esPr,cially, in agriculture and in our mines, as well of iron as the precious metals. While the demand VA. labour is thus increased here, tens of thousa rids of persons destitute of remunerative occu. patthn are thronging our foreign consulates and offering to emigrate to the United States, if essen. tial but very cheap assistance can be afforded them. THE CIVIL WAR IN ITS RELATIONS WITII FOREIGN COUNTRIES. It is easy to see that under the sharp discipline of civil war the nation is beginning a new life. This noble effort demands the aid and ought to re ceive the attention and support of the Government, Injuries unforeseen by the Government, and unin tended, may, in some cases have been inflicted on the s ubjects or citizens of foreign countries both at sea and on land by persons in the service of the United States. As this Government expects redress from other Powers when similar injuries ere inflicted by per sons in their service upon citizens of the United States, we must bo prepared to do justice to foreigners. If the existing judicial tribunals ars inadequate to this purpose, a special court may be authorised with power to hear and decide such claims of the character referred to as may have arisen under treaties and the public law. Conventions for adjusting the claims by joint commission have been proposed to some Govern• ments, but no definite answer to the proposition has yet been received from any. In the course of the session I shall probably have occasion to request you to provide indemnification to claimants where decrees of restitution have been rendered (and damages awarded by Admiralty Courts), and in other cases where this Government may be acknowledged to be liable iu principle, and whore the amount of that liability has been ascer tained by an informal arbitration. FINANCE AND TAXATION. The proper officers of the Treasury have deemed themselves required by the law of the United States upon the subject, to demand a tax upon the incomes of foreign consuls in this country. While such a demand may not, in strictness, be in derogation of public law, or perhaps of any existing treaty be tween the United States and a foreign country, the expediency of so far modifying the act as to exempt from tax the income of such consuls as are not citizens of the United States derived irom the emoluments of their office, or from property not situated in the United States, is submitted to your serious consideration. I make this suggestion upon the ground that a comity which ought to be reci procated exempts our consuls in all other countries from taxation to the extent thus indicated. The United States, I think, ought not to be exception ally illiberal to international trade and commerce, The operations of the Treasury during the last year have been successfully conducted. The enactment by Congress of a National BE nking law has proved a valuable support of the public credit, and the general legislation in relation to Loans has fully answered the expectations of its favourers. Some amendments may be required to perfect exist ing laws, but no change in their principles or general scope is believed to be needed. Since these measures have been in operation all demands on the Treasury, including the pay of the army and navy, have been promptly met and fully satisfied. No considerable body of troops it is be lieved were ever more amply provided and more liberally and punctually paid, and it may be added that by no people were the burdens incidental to a great war more cheerfully borne. The receipts during the year from all sources, in cluding loans and the balance iu the Treasury at the commencement, were 901,125,674 dols. 86c., and the aggregate disbursements 895,796,630 dols. 65e., leaving a balance on the Ist of July, 1863, of 5,329,044 dols. 21c. Of the receipts, there were received from customs 69,059,642 dole. 40e.; from internal revenue, 37,640,787 dole. 950. ; from direct tax, 1,485,103 dole. 61c.; from lands, 167,617 dole. 17c. ; from miscellaneous sources, 3,046,615 dols. 35c., and from loans, 776,652,361 dole. 57c., making the aggregate 901,125,674 dols. 86c. Of the disburse ments, there were for the civil service, 23,253,922 dole. 08c.; for pensions, and Indians, 4,216,526 dole. 59c. ; for interest on public debt, 24,729,846 dols. 51c. ; for the War Department, 599,298,600 dols. 83c. ; for the Navy Department, 63,211,105 dole. 27c.; for payment of funded and temporary debt, 181,086,635 dole. 07c., making the aggregate 895,796,630 dole. 65e., and leaving the balance of 5,329,044 dole. 21c. But the payments of the funded and temporary debt havicg been made from moneys borrowed during the year, must be regarded as merely nomi nal payments, and the moneys borrowed to make them as merely nominal receipts, and their amount 181,086,635 dole. 07c. should therefore be deducted both from receipts and disbursements. This being done there remains as actual receipts 720,039,039 dols. 79c., and the actual disbursements are 714,709,995 dole. 58c., leaving the balance as already stated. The actual receipts and disbursements for the first qaarter, and the estimated receipts and disburse ments for the remaining three quarters of the cur rent fiscal year, 1864, will be shown in detail by the report of the Secretary of the Treasury, to which I invite your attention. It is sufficient to say here that it is not believed that actual results will exhibit a state of the finances less favourable to the country than the estimates heretofore submitted, while it is confidently ex pected that at the close of the year both disburse ments and debt will be found very considerably less than has been anticipated. THE WAR DEPARTMENT. The report of the Secretary of War is a docu. went of great interest. It consists ot— First—The military operations of the year de taii.d . Third, Il T ar in the report of the General - in-Chief, 11 "°nd Th • ' service. i nu , the -- e organisation of coloured persons ietter he exchange of prisoners fully set forth in the ,of Gen. Hitchcock. Fourth ethi l perations under the act of enroll in.....r,_ eh ring and Provost Marshal-General. the report 4 th e the national forces—detailed peret s i a n tion of the Invalid Corps, and Fifth—The of ene.ral, Commissary-Gene the several departments of Stihxotha—aTarhteerotoutet.noof Paymaster-General, Gene ral, of Ordnance, and Sur ge , n h . ,, er of Engineers, Chief posa g e oneral. im this tc , or t . ° make a vain wouldl t hsa:mm summary appeared of able bs too extended for thiti t. excep:: such as . pi tte .. I content myself by asking lottr y , and hence tention to the report itself. The d ittie r d tofol at on the navy branch of t he service durinate.volving and throughout the whole of this unhAppyt Year, have been discharged with fi delit y and eminenuttest, cess. The extensive blockade has been constantly increasing in efficiency. If the Navy has expanded, yet on so long a lin e i t has so far been impossible to entirely suppress illicit trade. From returns received at the Navy Depart ment, it appears that more than a thousand vessels have been captured since the blockade was insti tuted, and that the value of prizes already sent in for adjadication amounts to over thirteen millions of dollars. The naval force of the United States consists at this time of 588 vessels, completed and in the course of completion, and of these 75 are iron-clad or ar moured steamers. The events of the war give an increased interest and importance to thenavy, which Will probably extend beyond the war itself. The KTMOUrt:d ♦ceaeia in our navy, completed, and THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 23, 1861 in service, or which are under contract and approach ing completion, are believed to exceed in number those of any other Power. But while these may be relied upon for harbour defence and coast service, others of greater strength and capacity will be necessary for cruising purposes, and to maintain our rightful position on the ocean. The change that has taken place in naval vessels and naval warfare since the introduction of steam as a motive power for ships of war, demands either a corresponding change in some of our existing navy yards or the establishment of new ones for the con struction and necessary repair of modern naval vessels. No inconsiderable embarrassment, delay, and public of n ecti injcuroyvehramveentbaele establishments The from the s.oine nec s e u s i s t i a t b y le of place upon unpavoyn-ythaerd,;tloafurnished, at has on r e p eate d occas i ons b een brought to the attention of Congress by the Navy 1)e partment ; and it is again presented in the report of the secretary, which accompanies this communica , tion. think it my duty to invite your special attention to this subject, and also to that of establishing a yard and depot for naval purposes upon one of the western rivers. A naval force has been created on these interior waters, and under many disadvan tages, within a little more than two years, exceed ing in number the whole naval force of the country it the commencement of the present Administra tion. Satisfactory and important as have been the performances of the heroic men of the navy at this interesting period, they are scarcely more wonder ful than the success of our mechanics and artisans in the production of war vessels which has created a new form of naval power. Our country has advantages superior to any other nation in resources of iron and timber, with inex haustible quantities of fuel in the immediate vicinity of both, and all available and in close proximity to navigable waters. Without the advantage of public works, the resources of the nation have been de veloped and its power displayed in the construction of a navy of such magnitude which has at the very period of its creation rendered signal service to the Union. The increase of the number of seamen in the pub lic service from 7,500 men in the spring of 1861, to about 34,000 at the present time, has been accom plished wifhout special legislation or extraordinary bounties to promote that increase. It has been found, however, that the operation of the draft, with the high bounties paid for army re cruits, is beginning to affect injuriously the naval service, and will, if not corrected, be likely to im pair its efficiency by detaching seamen from their proper vocation, and inducing them to enter the army. I, therefore, respectfully suggest that Congress might aid both the army and naval service by a definite provision on this subject which would at the same time be equitable to the communities more especially interested. I commend to your consideration the suggesti las of the Secretary of the Navy in regard to the policy of fostering and training seamen, and also the edu cation of officers and engineers for the naval service. T he Naval Academy is rendering signal service in preparing midshipmen for the highly responsible duties which in after life they will be required to perform. In order that the country should not be deprived of the proper quota of educated officers for which legal provision has been made at the Naval School, the vacancies caused by the neglect or omission to make nominations from the States in insurrection have bee❑ filled by the Secretary of the Navy. Toe school is DOW more full and complete than at any former period, and in every respect entitled to the favourable consideration of Congress. can be done now. Augmented interest is given to this sub ject by the actual commencement of work upon the Pacific Rifiroad, under auspices so favourable to rapid progress and completion. The enlarged navigation becomes a palpable need to the great road, I transmit the second annual report of the Commissioners of the Department of Agriculture, asking your attention to the developments in that vital interest of the nation. REVIEW OP TIIE WAR. When Congress assembled a year ago the war had already lasted nearly 20 months, and there had been many conflicts on both land and sea, with varying results; the rebellion had been pressed back into reduced limits, yet the tone of public feeling and opinion at home and abroad was not satisfactory. With other signs the popular elections then just past indi cated uneasiness among ourselves, while, amid much that was cold and menacing, the kindest words coming from Europe were uttered in accents of pity, that we were too blind to surrender R hopeless cause. Our commerce was suffering greatly by a few armed ves sels built upon and furnished from foreign shores, and we were threatened with such additions from the same quar ters as would sweep our trade from the sea and raise the blockade. We had failed to elicit from European Govern ments anything hopeful upon this subject. The preliminary emancipation proclamation, issued in September, was running its assigned period to the beginning of the new year. A mouth litter the final proclamation came, including the announcement that coloured wen of suitable condition would be received in the war service. The policy of emancipation and of employing black soldiers gave to the future a new aspect, about which hope and fear and doubt contended in uncertain conflict. According to our political system, as a matter of civil administration, the Government had no lawful power to effect emancipation in any state, and for a long time it had been hoped that the rebellion could be suppressed without resorting to it as a military measure. It was all the while deemed possible that the necessity for it might come, and that if it should, the crisis of the contest would then be pre sented. It came, and, as was anticipated, was followed by dark and doubtful days. take another review. The rebel borders ar e p resse d still we are permitted to Eleven months having now passed, further back, and by the complete opening of the Mississippi the country dominated by the rebellion is divided into two distinct parts, with no practical communication between them. Tennessee and Arkansas have been substantially cleared of insurgent control, and influential citizens in each, owners of slaves and advocates of slavery at the beginning of the rebellion, now declare openly for emancipation in their re spective States. Of thesa States not included in the emanci pation proclamation, Maryland and Missouri, neither of which three years ago would tolerate any restraint upon the extension of slavery into now territories, only dispute now as to the best mode of removing it within their own limits. Of those who were slaves at the beginning of the rebel- lion, full 100,000 are now in the United States military ser vice, about one-half of which number actually bear arms in the ranks, thus giving the double advantage of taking so much labour from the insurgent cause, and supplying the places which otherwise must be filled with so many white men. So far as tested it is difficult to say they are not as good soldiers as any. No servile insurrection or tendency to violence or cruelty has marked the measures of emancipa tion and arming the blacks. These measures have been much discussed in foreign countries, and contemporary with such discussion, the tone of public sentiment there is much improved. At home the same measures have been fully discussed, supported, criti cised, and denounced, and the annual elections following are highly- encouraging to those whose official duty it is to bear the country through this great trial. Thus we have the new reckoning. The crisie which threatened to divide the friends of the Union is past. Looking now to the present and future, and with a refer ence to a resumption of the national authority in the Sta' es wherein that authority has been suspended. I have thought fit to issue a proclamation —a copy of which is herewith transmitted. On examination of this proclamation it will appear (as is believed) that nothing is attempted beyond what is amply justified by the Constitution. True, the form of an oath is given, but no man is coerced to take it. The man is only promised a pardon in case ho voluntarily takes the oath. The Constitution authorises the Executive to grant or withhold the pardon at his own absolute discre tion, and this includes the power to grant on tern's, as is fully established by judicial and other authorities. It is also proffered that if in any of the States named a State Govern ment shall be recognised and guaranteed by the United States, and that under it the State shall, on the Coustitu• tional conditions, be protected against invasion and domestic violence. The constitutional obligation of the United States to gua rantee to every State in the Union a Republican form of Go vernment, and to protect the State in the cases stated, is ex plicit and full. But why tender the benefits of this provision only to a State Government set up in this particular way ? This section of the Constitution contemplates a cas3 wherein the element within a State in favour of Republican Govern ment in the Union may be too feeble for an opposite and hostile element external to or even within the State, and such are precisely the cases with which we are now dealing. An attempt to guarantee and protect a revived State Go vernment constructed in whole, or in preponderating part, from the very element against whose hostility and violence it is to be protected, is simply absurd. There must be a test by which to separate the opposing elements so as to build only from the sound, and that test ;s a sufficiently liberal one which accepts as sound whoever will make a sworn re cantation of his movements. But if it be proper to require as a test of admission to the political body, an oath of allegiAnce to the United States, and to the Union under it, why not also to the laws and proclamations in regard to slavery? Those laws and proclamations were put forth for the pur pose of aiding in the suppression of the rebellion. To give them the fullest effect there had to be a pledge for their maintenance. In my judgment they have aided and will further aid the cause for which they were intended. To now abandon them would be not only to relinquish a lever of power, but would also be a cruel and astounding breach of faith. reprieves and pardons for offences against the United Statta, except in cases of impeaehment ; and Whereas, a rebellion now exists wh6retty the loyal State Governments of several States have for a long time been subverted, and many persons have committed and are now guilty of treason against the United States; and Whereas, with reference to said rebellion and treason, laws have been enacted by Congress declaring forfeitures and confiscation of property and liberation of slaves, all upon terms and conditions therein stated : and also declaring that the President was thereby authorised at any time thereafter, by proclamation, to extend to persons who may have parti cipated in the existing rebellion in any State, or part thereof, pardon and amnesty, with such exceptions and at such times and on such conditions as he may deem expe dient for the public welfare ; and Whereas, the Congressional declaration for limited and conditional pardons with the well established judicial ex position of the pardoning power, and Whereas, with reference to the said rebellion, the Presi dent of the United States has issued several proclamations with provisions in regard to the liberation of slaves, and Whereas, it is now desired by some persons heretofore engaged in the said rebellion to resume their allegiance to the United States, and to reinaugurate loyal State Govern ments within and for their respective States ; Therefore I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, do proclaim, declare, and make known to,all persons who have directly cr by implication participated in the existing rebellion, except as hereinafter excepted, that a full pardon is hereby granted to them and each of them, with restoration of all rights of property, except as to slaves, and in property cases where the rights of third parties shall have intervened, and upon the condition that every such person shall take and subscribe an oath, and thenceforward keep and maintain said oath inviolate, and which oath shall be registered for permanent preservation, and shall be of the tenor and effect, following, to wit : _ . . " I, --, do solemnly swear in presence of Almighty God, that I will henceforth faithfully support, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States and the Union of the States thereunder, and that I will, in like manner, abide by and faithfully support all acts of Congress passed during the existing rebellion with reference to slaves, so long and so far as not 'repealed, modified, or held void by Congress or by decision of the Supreme Court, and that I will in like manner abide and faithfully support all pro clamations of the President made during the existing re bellion having reference to slaves, so long and so far as not modified or declared void by decision of the Supreme Court, So help me God." The persons excepted from the benefits of the foregoing provisions are all who are or shall have been civil or diplo matic officers or agents of the so-called Confederate Govern ment; all who have left judicial stations under the United States to aid the rebellion ; all who are or shall have been military or naval officers of said so-called Confederate Go vernment above the rank of colonel in the army, of lieute nant in the navy; all who left seats in the United States Congress to aid the rebellion; All who resigned commissions in the army or navy of the United States, anl afterwards aided the rebellion, and all who have engaged in any way in treating coloured persons or white persons in charge of such, otherwise than lawfully as prisoners of war, have been found in the United States service as soldiers, seamen, or in any other capacity. And I do further proclaim, declare, and make known, that whenever, in any of the States of Arkansas, Texas, Louisi ana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, and North Carolina, a number of persons, not less than one-tenth in number of the votes cast in such States, at the Presidental election of the year of our Lord, 1860, each having taken the oath aforesaid, and not having since violated it, and being a qualified voter by the election law of the State existing immediately before the so-called act of Secession, and excluding all others, shall re-establish a State Government, which shall be republican, and in no- wise contravening said oath, such shall be recognised as the true Government of the State, and the State shall receive thereunder the benefit of the constitutional provision which declares that " The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion, on application of the Legis lature, or of the Executive, when the Legislature cannot be convened, against domestic violence." And I do further proclaim, declare, and make known that any provision which may be adopted by such State Govern ment in relation to the freed people of such State which shall recognise and declare their permanent freedom, pro vide for their education, and which may yet be consistent, as a temporary arrangement, with their present condition as a labouring, landless, and houseless cla s, will not be ob jected to by the National Executive. And it is engaged, as not improper, that in constructing a loyal State Government in any State, the name of the State, the boundary, the subdivisions, the Constitution and the general code of lawb, as before the rebellion, be maintained subject only to the modifications made necessary by the conditions hereinbefore stated, and such others, if any, not contravening said' conditions, and which may be deemed expedient by those framing the new State Government. To avoid misunderstanding, it may be proper to say that this proclamation, so far as it relates to State Governments, has no reference to States wherein loyal State Governments have all the while been maintained. And for the same rea son it may be proper to further say, that whether members sent to Congress from any State shall be admitted to seats constitutionally,rests exclusively with the respective houses, and not to any extent with the Executive, And still further, that this proclamation is intended to present the people of the States wherein the national autho- rity has been suspended, and loyal State Governments have been sutverted, a mode in and by which the national autho• rity and loyal State Governments may be re-established within said States, or in any of them. And while the mode proposed is the best the Executive can suggest with his present impressions, it must not be understood that no other possible m)de would be acceptable. Given under my hand at 'the city of Washington, the eighth day of December, A. D., one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, and of the independence of the United States of America the eighty-eighth. ABRAHAM LINCOLN. By the President. WILLIAM H. SEWARD, Secretary of State. [L.S.) STATE OF TRADE. MANCHESTER, Dec. 22,—The yarn market has been very quiet today, and to effect sales lower prices would have to be taken, but spinners, as a rule, being pretty well under contract, show no dis position to press sales. There are exceptional in stances to the contrary, but they are not numerous. Most of the spinners appear to think that at the turn of the year we shall have more activity, as it is well known that many Wets are in the hands of export houses, which for the present are kept back. The market for home trade yarns is quite ae flat as last week, and, as manufacturers are disinclined to operate, prices are against producers. Sellers re port that there is a good deal of irregularity on the part of the spinners, who are anxious to realise, and buyers who have tested the market pretty actively say that in some descriptions of cop yarn there is a great difference between the rates which spinners are willing to accept rather than not Bell. In the cloth market we have also had a flat day. There is no disposition on the part of buyers to operate. Many of them are understood to hold orders, and some of them pretty considerable ones, but at limits which are far below what manufacturers are disposed to accept at pre sent. At the same time, a considerable concession would be made by manufacturers on last Tuesday's rates, but they find so few who are really disposed to buy that it would be difficult to arrive at a cor rect quotation of the concession which would lead to business. There is a rumour of advises of a dis couraging character from Bombay having been re ceived by the China mail. The market closes with declining prices both for cloth and yarn, and a great curtailment of production is expected. Messrs. John Slagg and Co. report of the cloth market :—" Buyers still keep oat of the market, or only offer prices too low to be entertained by manufacturers. We may, on the whole, quote the market lower than last Tueeday, but tire transactions have been so few, and at prices so irregular, that our quotations can only approximate the actual value of goods." LEEDS, 22d.--Though there was not much woollen cloth sold in the cloth halls to-day, the market was oheerful, both manufacturers and merchants being without complaints either as to the condition or the prospect of trade. The purchases were of a miscel laneous character, including a small quantity of heavy as well as light goods. The demand for good black cloths is scarcely so brisk as it lately was, yet that branch of trade is in a satisfactory state, first rate productions not being difficult to sell by the manufacturer. The wool trade is moderately active and prices of both wools and cloths are steady. The flax trade, so far as the demand for yarns and threads is concerned, is a little quieter than it was, but the manufacturers aro well employed. On account of next Saturday being partially kept es a holyday here the cloth markets usually held on a Saturday will this week take place on Thursday. ROCHDALE, 21st.—The flannel market to -daY was much the same as last week. The attendance r of buyers was not large, and they purchased railoere carefully, though in the aggregate ratli.v mare goods changed hands than on the precete e tidin g ket day. In Yorkshire goods a wis done. Prices of flannels andl:"dihraer goods in is other complaint of this market keep steady. 'Theref lturere. The wool want of work among the manu but' ' Et t a : prices are firmly market is rather quiet, me,intained. THE POST OFFICE. During the past fiscal year, the financial condition of the Post-office Department has been one of increasing prospe rity, and I am gratified in being able to state that the actual postal revenue has nearly equalled the entire expenditures —th9 latter amounting to 11,314, 206 dole. 84c., and the former to 11,163,789 dols, 593., leaving a deficiency of but 150,414 dots. 25c. In, 1860, the year immediately preceding the rebellion, the deficiency amounted to 5,656,705 dols. 49e., the postal re ceipts being 2,e13,722 dole. 19c. less than those of 1863. The decrease since 1860 in the annual amount of transpor tatton has been about 25 per cent. ; but the annual expendi ture on account of the same has been reduced 35 per cent. It is manifest, therefore, that the Post-office Department may become self-sustaining in a few years, even with the re storation of the whole service. The International Conference of Postal delegates trom the principal countries of Europe and America, which was called at the suggestion of the Post master-General, met at Paris on the 11th of May last, and concluded its deliberations on the Bth of June. The principle established by the conference as best adapted to facilitate postal intercourse between nations, and as the basis of future Postal Conventions, inaugurates a general system of uniform internatiunal charges at reduced rates of postage, and cannot fail to produce beneficial results, LAND SALES, I refer you to the report of the Secretary of the Interior, which is herewith laid before you, for useful and varied in formation in relation to public lands, Indian affairs, patents, pensions, and other matters of public concern pertaining to his department. The quantity of land disposed of during the last and the first quarter of the present fiscal year was 3,841,549 acres, of which 161,911 acres were sold for cash. 1,456,514 acres were taken up under the Homestead Law, and the residue disposed of under laws granting lands for military bounties for railroad and other purposes. It also appears that the sale of public lands is largely on the increase. It has long been a cherished opinion of some of our wisest statesmen that the people of the United States had a higher and more enduring interest in the early settle • ment and substantial cultivation of the public lands than in the amount of direct revenue to be derived fiom the sale of them. This opinion has had a controlling influence in shaping legislation upon the subject of our national domain. I may cite as evidence of this the liberal measures adopted in refe rence to actual settlers, the grant to the States of the over flowed lands within their limits in order to their being re claimed and rendered fit for cultivation, and the grants to railway companies of alternate sections of land upon the contemplated lines of their roads, which when completed will largely multiply the facilities for reaching our distant possessions. This policy has received its most signal and beneficent illustration in the recent enactment granting homesteads to actual settlers. Since the first day of January last before mentioned the quantity of 1,456,514 acres of land have been taken up under its provisions. This fact and the amount of sales furnish gratifying evi dence of increasing settlement upon the public lands, not withstanding the great struggle in which the energies of the nation have been engaged, and which has required so large a withdrawal of our citizens from their accustomed pursuits. I cordially concur in the tenommendation of the Secretary of the Interior suggesting a modification of the act in favour of those engaged in the military and naval service of the 'United States. I doubt not that Congress will cheerfully adopt such mea• sures as will, without essentially changing the general fea tures of tho system, secure to the greatest practical eaten) its benefits to those who have left their homes iii defence 01 the country in this arduous crisis. THE INDIAN SYSTEM. I invite your attention to the views of the Secretary as to the propriety of raising by appropriate legislation a re• venue from the mineral lands of the United States. The measures provided at your last session for the removal of certain Indian tribes have been carried into effect. Sundry treaties have been negotiated which will, in due time, be submitted for the constitutional action of the Senate. They contain stipulations for extinguishing the possessory rights of the Indians to large and valuable tracts of land. It is hoped that the effect of these treaties will result in the esta blishment of :permanent friendly relations with such of these tribes as have been brought into frequent and bloody collision with our outlying settlements and emigrants. Sound policy and our imperative duty to these wards of the Government demand our anxious and constant atten tion to their material well-being, to their progress in the arts of civilisation, and, above all, to that moral training which, under the blessing of Divine Providence, will confer upon them the elevated and sanctifying influences, the patronised hopes and consolations of the Christian faith. I suggested in my last annual message the propriety of renv,delling our Indian system. afo _ S : e h t.. sq la u c e a n r t e events have satisfied me of its necessity. The details set forth in the report of the Secretary evince the need for immediate legislative action. upon a call of commend the benevolent institutions established or good in this district to your generous and s been held at session was 0 ; The attention of Congress during the last t : h g e s a t ged to some extent with a proposition for star communication between the Mississippi R e n i l: , e r r g i tt o:g a t b ht y he the e a t s i tern seaboard, which proposition, however, failed for Conventionthe greatest respectability, a Since th then, f whose viewsChicagocontained upon the same subject, a summary is ad dress to the President and Congress, saha in a memorial the honour to lay heft )re you. That this interestwhich 1 now have is one which ere long will force its own way I do not entertain a doubt, while iti4 R throitted, 'entirely to your w' d Is ow as to what N PROCLAMATION. TIIE EMANCIPATIO I may add, at this point, while I remain in my present position I shall not attempt to retract or modify the Emanci pation Proclamation, nor shall I return to slavery any per son who is free by the terms of that proclamation, or by any of the acts of Congress• • For these and other reasons, it is thought best that sup• port of these measures shall be included in the oath, and ii is believed that the Executive may lawfully claim it in re. . _ turn for pardon and restoration of forfeited rights, which he has a clear constitutional power to withhold altogether, or grant upon the terms 110 shall deem wisest for the public interest. It should be observed also that this part of the oath is sub ject to the modifying and abrogating power of legislation and supreme judicial decision. CONCLUSION, The proposed a cquiescence of the National Executive in any reasonable temporary State arrangement for the freed people is made with the view of possibly modifying the con fusion and destitution which must at best attend all classes by a total revolution of labour throughout whole States. It is hoped that the already deeply afflicted people in these States may be somewhat more ready to give up the cause of their affliction, if to this extent this vital matter be left to themselves. While no power of the National Executive to prevent an abuse is abridged by the proposition, the sug gestion in the proclamation as to maintaining the politica framework of the States on what is called reconstruction , is made in the hope that it may do good without danger of harm. It will save labour and avoid great contusion. But why any proclamation now upon the subject ? This subject is beset with the convicting views that the step might be delayed too long, or be taken too soon. In some States the elements for resumption seem ready for action, but remain inactive, apparently for want of a rallying point—a plan of action. Why shall A adopt the plan of B, rather than B that of A ? And if A and B should agree, how can they know but that the General Government here will reject their plan? By the proclamation a plan is presented which may be accepted by them at, a rallying point, and which they are assured i advance will not be rejected here. This may bring them to act sooner than they other wise would. The objections to a premature presentation of a plan by the National Executive consists in the danger of committees on points which could be more safely left to further develop • meats. Care has been taken so to shape the denouement as to avoid embarrassment from this source, saying that on certain terms certain classes will be pardoned, with rights restored. It is not said that other classes and other terms will never be included, saying that reconstruction will be accepted if presented in a specific way. It is not said it will never be accepted in any other way. The movements by State action for emancipation in several of the States not included in the emancipation proclamation, are matters of profound gratu lation. And while I do not repeat nor detail what I have hereto fore so earnestly urged upon this subject, my general views and feelings remain unchanged : and I trust that Congress will omit no fair opportunity of aiding these important steps to the great consummation. In the midst of other cares, however important, we must not lose sight of the tact that the war power is still our main reliance. To that power alone can we look for a time to give confidence to the people in the contested regions that the insurgent power will not again overrun them. Until that confidence shall be established, little can be done anywhere for what is called reconstruction. Hence our chiefest care must still be directed to the army and navy. which have thus fur borne their harder part so nobly and well; and it may be esteemed fortunate that i n and perp giving the greatest efficiency to these in dis p ensable arms we do honourably recognise the gallant m en, from commander to sentinel, who compose them, an d to whom more than to ethers the world must stand indebted for the home of free.e dom disenthralled, regenerated, enlarged, 131IALIAM LINCOLN. December 8, 1883. The following Proclamation is appended to the Message : PROCLAMATION• Whsreas, in and by the t onstitution of the United States it is provided that the President shall have power to grant SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS, TIMES.—The arrival by the same mail of the text of two President's Messages, both addressed to Senates and Houses of Representatives, is an illus tration of the political condition of the American Republic more striking than the report of any battle won or lost. Fighting indicates a power of resistance or attack, but the appearance of the two Messages side by side, both equally formal, is the visible proof that behind the Southern Secession there is a political organization as complete as that of the North itself. The opening the Session of a Legislature is a peaceful ceremony; but when done in duplicate, as in the present case, it may bear a very different meaning. A convulsion of the old political system has thrown off a second and hostile body. lestead of the one planet of the West, ob servers have now to watch the movements of a double star and make a twofold series of calcu lations. The message of the Northern President is brief when compared with former specimens of that annual document. The points it touches are numerous enough, but they are shortly dealt with. The time is too busy for diffuseness, and topics are dismissed in a single paragraph of a few lines which formerly would heve been found capable of indefi nite expansion. Little is said of the relations of the North with the European Powers, and in the tone employed there is no echo of the bitter feeling to wards England that has found expression so often in journals and in party speeches. Mr. Lincoln pastes very rapidly over the questions connected with the construction in England of the vessels the South has employed es cruisers, but his allusion, brief as it is exaggerates the facts. He says,—" Her Majesty's Government, as was justly expected, have exercised their authority to prevent the de parture of new hostile expeditions from British ports." An empty hull, without armament or crew, is misaescribed as an " expedition." The difficulty in all the cases complained of has been that nothing in the fittings of the ships indicated their destination with legal certainty. The vessels were on the open sea liable to capture by the North when the Southerners converted them into ships of war and made them capable of doing mischief. We are still unable to comprehend how the skill and enterprise of the North has been so paralysed that, possessing 588 ships of war afloat or in course of construction, it did not enforce for its own protec tion a stricter "police of the ocean." With half the number of war vessels on the Northern Navy List the Government could station one ship on every ten miles of the coast blockade. If the North has wasted its real strength in building or chartering whole fleets of vessels unfit to keep the sea, it must visit the failure on its own Government: A year ago Mr. Seward was reproaching all Europe because it could not receive his exceedingly cheerful views of the war as correct estimates of the position of the country. Mr. Lincoln goes back to the same period, and describing the position of affairs at the time, intimates that the European opinion of his difficulties was nearer the truth than that of his Foreign Secretary. When Congress had assembled last December, he says, the war had iested nearly 20 months. The result of many conflicts by land and sea had been " varying." Though the limits of the revolt had been practically narrowed, yet " the tone of public feeling and of opinion, at home and abroad, was not satisfactory." The elections indicated the domestic " uneasiness" causedopular by political division. The kindest words coming from Europe " were uttered in accents of pity that we " were too blind to surrender a hopeless cause." The commerce of the North was suffering greatly from a few armed vessels, which constitute the whole Southern navy. There was even a prospect that the Northern blockade should be raised by foreign intervention. These difficulties Mr. Lincoln does not now disguise, but a year ago Europe was frequently rebuked and accused of for per ceiving and pointing them out. Substantially, the President contends that the North has been success ful during the past year ; but ho abstains from going into the particular incidents of that success. the recent operations at Chattanooga are not directly mentioned. There is no allusion whatever to the Army of the Potomac. No military commander is named by the chief of the Northern Republic. The omission may be according to official precedent, but bearing in mind the immense sacrifices the American people has made the Messege contains a very cord and inadequate appreciation of them. Mr. Lincoln's proclamation of pardon and amnesty to those citizens of the Southetn States w . ha may be disposed to abandon the revolt we have already considered. The text of the document adds to the number of classes who will be excepted from any terms of reconciliation. Tne door is shut against alt who have any influence in or over the Confederacy. Toe proclamation differs from the usual form in which an amnesty is proclaimed, in that it gives no time of grace, and contains no date after which the offer of pardon will be forfeited. The Southerners therefore can lose none of its advantages by trying the chances of war for a few months longer. The suggestion that one-tenth of the population of a State may, if assisted by a Federal army, construct a local Government, and come into the Union with it, is neutralised by the " condition precedent"—the Northern army must possess the State before the tenth fraction of the people can vote. This posses sion is the exact point which war, as Mr. Lincoln intimates, must decide. The proposal that a tenth of the inhabitants, plus the Northern army, shall bind the whole of the citizens is a singular illustra tion of the principle that the will of the majority constitutes the only legal governing power. The Message of the Southern President is in style and language much superior to that of his Northern rival. He is also more generous in acknowledging the ser• vices of his military commanders. Mr. Davis goes at length into the history of the war during the year, which Mr. Lincoln appears to avoid. He begins by noticing the Southern reverses at Vicksburg and Port Hudson, of which he admits the importance; but be does full justice to the efforts that have saved Charleston from capture an continued such en effective resistance to the Northern arms in Vir ginia. He speaks in a tone of disappointment as to the relations of the Confederacy with Europe. lie expected, probably that the sympathy feit for the weaker party in a life and death struggle would by this time have taken the more effective shape of ac tion. The South has doubted, we fear, whether England could be neutral if she wished, and to find that even the cotton famine is not to us an over whelming national calamity has been a disappoint ment at Richmond. Of the civil war itself Mr. Davis speaks without despondency, but yet with a degree of feeling creditable to his humanity. Th• absence of any sentiment of the kind tram Mr. Lincoln's Message ref ders it one of the most cold • blooded political documents ever published. POST.—The responsibility of providing for the future is inculcated commonly enough as a duty to individuals in their private capacities ; but it is a precept taken less frequently to heart than it might be with advantage as a measure of precaution to nations. Nevertheless, it would be easy to show that the precept applies with equal force to the one case as to the other; and if the community o a D.'. lion manifest in a lesser degree than individuals the need of considering what may be the resources of a hereafter, this c.in only cries) from the selfishness inseparable from humanity. Subsequent to the last meeting of the British Association, when Sir Wm. Armstrong first gave utterance to a fact enun ciated long before his time, relative to the compa rative exhaustion of available coat, the public mind has been rather more disposed than before to take cognisance of certain phases of national futurity that may be or may not be equal in resources to those commanded at present, according as the sources of productive force—for so we may deno minate them —may or may not be kept up to their existing level. Speculations relative to the period of coal exhaustion seem to have taken less firm possession of the public mind than speculations re lative to the exhaustion of elements of agricultural fertility. This is so far inconsistent that, whereas —no efficient substitute for pit coal being known, and the need for using this material being impera tive—the world must go on remorselessly towards the issue of coal exhaustion whether he will or not —in respect of the second case, chemists tell us,and the truth of their assurance has been amply demon strated, that agricultural nations have the power at option of maintaining the needful balance indefi nitely ; and that if, at any period, manure should run short, and comparative barrenness of the soil ensue, such a result could only happen from a squandering of the elements and materials of fer tility, by unadvised measures, for periods long eent4' cedent. Granting absolutely, as Baron !C i e are himself could grant, that some time benceland, the not called upon to say when —every i ts dejeetti population of which aesiduously c b `Z ze i fertile, and other offal into the sea. but for the importation of a ed nevertheless how thus casts away, we a re conviiv ould be to effect any i!n:eclicisu_tivalent to what it fish habits in resoect of that,f.posterity must utterly futile the attempt on w t h h y is le l t ) l l t _s a uffer. fats generate on is of ia ll t - t r t i r g ::at our British ~,+.,, r dit,e s immediate alteration their sewage economy,. of any. future generation in this ntdestoB !g o ss tn io e r; not unselfish enough to y to heart very seriously For a long time to come, as w to i V c h o e n t g i r m a e ea t British sewage commi • achieved success when tmphraeetst matter. interests p o c hannel the sewage matters over which they have bodily conveyed by tulate themselves on having extends into the sea. matters irer e that ne e nearest their available control Now, it is concerning these sewage e s We are about to make some to the degree of their applic ability to agricultural purposes. We are not dis posed to ent er upon any violent controversy, the tnlreespecialiy at this .estve season of the year; and violent controversy would iis*urf.dAy be raised by any expression of opinion concerning the utility or the inutility of liquid sewage. The dictum, how ever, may be safely laid down, without fear of con tradiction from any quarter, that the deject a of a town if flooded with water and passed along through a sewer to a reservoir some distance away, represents a very different material, chentically speaking, to what it was originally, even though the weather be eold. It is in summer and autumn, however, that the mutation effected upon it wi2l be most complete. Fermentation will have set in, and before the expiration of many hours the original nitrogenous constituents—unquestionably the most vOluable that a manure can possess—will have absolutely evapo rated. This result is one that we say is au deniable and will not be demurred to by the members of any party in the debate now pending relative to the 'utilisation of sewage liquids ; and being so, certain grave questions of public interest cannot fail to , be suggested. In the first place, we would deux‘nd whether much of the discrepancy that now exists relative to the utility or inutility of liquid s ewage' matter in an agricultural sense Indy not be referable; to the variation in length of transit before utilisa tion, to which the sewage fluid, the subject of testi mony, may have been exposed. To cite a hypothett• cal, but at the same time fairly illustrative example, the liquid sewage of London would present one chemical composition at Barking-creek and a wother at every intermediate part of its course between the source and final deliverance. We are disposed to fancy that much of the discrepancy to which We advert would disappear under this way of looking at the circumstances. Another, and it may be a still more important, question is the following :—IG which we grant to be the case, there is a present necessity for diluting the natural valuable element s of manures, can this practice—once forced upon us by our habits and our education ; one moreover 1 0 which so large a measure of ite.mediate comfort is due—can it be reconciled with some treatment that shall have the effect of obviating those fermentive changes to which the evolution of ammonia and other nitrogenous matter is attributable. Theoreti cally, it should be possible to temper the sewers with some material more appropriate than the line now commonly used, which must needs exert the chemi cal effect of liberating ammonia under ordinary cir cumstances. As for the salts of potash and sods' they of course must be lost, or at least must present themselves under all the disadvantages of extreme dilution. COUNTRY MARKETS. --As LEEDS—TUESDAY. The trade to-day has been very slow, the business passing' in wheat being quite of a retail character, at about the rates of this day week. The same remarks apply to all Muds °I spring corn. MARKET HARBOROUGH—TUESDAY. White wheat, 41s to 465; red, 38s to 42s per 36 stone. Malting barley at 33s to 36s per qr. ; grinding, 29s to 3 2 ,1 per 30 at . Oats, old, 26s to 30s; new, 218 to 25 s per au at. ; beans, 34s to 40s per qr. LIVE RP 0 L —TUESDAY. There was a fair attendance of the trade at market day, but the business done was quite of a holiday charactto' f• Wheat and flour met with a moderate retail demand at we rates of last Tuesday. Oats and oatmeal met a slow ba le ' and barely supported former prices. In bath)* and Pe a t there was a moderate inquiry. Beane mey be quoted at it decline of 6d per qt. Indian corn neglected, although las" week's prices were made. SHEFFIELD—TUESDAY. f 0 There was a moderate business doing in all kinds grain, with little variation in former prices. Red wheat, per load of 3 imperial bushels...lss Od to 17s 0 1 White ...17s Od to 13 s o New red New white ~ Beans Yeas, per qr Grindint , barley, per qr 41 1 05 5 s s s 06 0 dd d t t t 00 0 4 1 1 47 7 ; 0 0 Malting ditto, ..... Oats Flour, Is sd, is 7d, and is 8d per 3321 1 :24 4 55: I °°° % dddd . oo: ass:2 sss 16:44 CORK—TUESDAY. The following were the quotations this morning :^ -14 ,, c ! wheat, 8s Od to 8s 101; white, 8s Od to 9s Bd, barley, 6d to 88 Od ; oats, 4s 10d to 6s 2d ; black do., 4 3 4 d IQ 58 31. DUBLIN—TUESDAY. O. d. s. d. Wheat, white 24 0 to 26 6 Do., red 2l 6 to 24 0 Do., new 0 to 0 Barley Oats Do., black — 0 to 0 s Oatmeal lO 0 . to 1 . 3% 0 Beans.. . 0 t o Bere —o to 0 --- 9 Rapeseed 0 to Bakers' flour Indian corn Foreign Mail. Packet List. MAILS DUE. ~ L ustralia and Mauritius, via Southampton. Dec. 18. via Marseilles ... Jan. 12. brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Jan. 4. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena Dee. 29. I;hina, Penang, and Singapore, via Southanipton Jan. 2. via Marseilles Dec. 27. Falkland Islands .. .. Gibraltar, via Southampton .. Dec. 27. India (Calcutta), aad Ceylon, via Southampton Jan. 2. via Marseilles Dec. 27. India (Bombay), via Southampton Dec. 27. via Marseilles Due. 21. Portugal.... Jan. 4 Malta, Egypt, and Adon, via Southampton D e c. 27. via Marseilles Dec. 21. Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo IL S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.... Dec, 23 by U.S. packet.... by Canadian packet... Tan 1. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Tenerille .. J ab 10. Bahamas, via New York ,..,Jan. 14 * Mexico.. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, i Dec. 2 9 ' California. and British Columbia. The Courrier du Havre says The maritime world was astonished at our signalising the number ° f 1,16 e disasters at sea during the first half of the month of DroVe'*" „, . ber ; that is, 230 total losses of vessels, and 930 ace ide „ ri n ts' t, more or less serious. It is now no longer astonis hrp ;;ke but stupefaction and consternation which we shal l P c- be in ansiouacing that for the first fortnight in Dccer°,ss of this same year, 1863, we have to enumerate 1)" . f accidents of different kinds, including the wreck s 7, vessels more or less susceptible of recovery; 230 v esse 0 . i rr evocably lost ; 27 missing with all hands, their fate bol unknown, and 13 fishing boats completely wrecked; or total of 1,428 maritime disasters of all kinds." [ADVERTISEMENT ]—Holloway's Pills—Enfeebled ! i f 4; tence.—This medicine embraces every attribute require's,' , a general and domestic remedy; it overturns the founult, tions of disease laid by defective food and impure r. or obstructions or congestions of the liver, lungs, bowertold m any other organ, these pills a especially servic ea ,!„,,to eminently successful. They should be kept in losub;dtBfor every family, as they are a medicine without I S — They young persons, and those of feeble constitutions. most never cause pain or irritate the most sensitive ne rves or + tender bowels. Holloway's pills are the best known P o ' d fiers of the blood, and the best promoters of absorption a secretion, which remove all poisonous and obnox i ous P° titles from both solids and fluids. [ADVERTISEMENT.] —Consumption, all nervoliS, liver, and stomach complaints, 1 . 1 every stage , are on B ,7 it g - ravate , and accelerated by drugs of every description lY , but ertecly curable by Du Barry's health restoring - R ev ad Arabica Food, as proved by thousands of cases liThich,oo4. been considered hopeless. We quote a few.—Cure No. 6 d Miss Lange, 18 years of age, cured after the medical at 4 abandoned all hopes of her recovery from the last stagteio-0, pulmonary consumption, with t-arful cough, exP ect°ra ohe coy exhaustion, spitting of blood, perspirations, hollovi emaciated to a skeleton. She is now, thank God, a P erf ir e , de healthy, blooming, fleshy girl,—N. Lange, COYlwlB2,,:irnicy Police. Cure, No. 40,270. Mr. James 'Roberts, of toad, over Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spittiniTYV),l2l. Miss derangement, and partial deafness.—Cure, No. 4 n ' , Woo, Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, " c No. gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies.—Curco,rfom 54,816. the Rev. James P. Campbell, Fakenhanl, N Wed of indigestion and torpidity of the liver, whlc li i,i 6d; Si% all medical treatment. In tins, 11b, 2s 9cl; . Ca., No. 77, Ils ; 121 b, 228; 241 b, 40s. Barry du Mason; and all grocers and chemists in every' Regent-street, London ; also Fo_..rtnum:arthourledorullilatea Kingdom Births. FENWICK..--On the 20th inst.. at South!ll, in the of of Durham, the svife of Henry Fenwiek, Esq p o f a .) 1 • •I _ GT A o w it oo t e : lo, : utT G E t 2 - 1 s a t b in oy st a ., n a d t g l i V rl i . ston-park, Sasses, NW' son and heir. :in e °,° f tilne t r w t,ht e he Hon. Mrs. John Gilbert Talbot, 0f a :1 the 21st inst., at 10, Great George-streat, daughter. Marriages. RoBERTSON—SMITII.—On the 22d inst., at Saint John's; Kensington-pa r k, C apta i n R o b er t son , Ist Royal E 36, Middlesex Militia, to Laura Eleanor Smith , on l y child o' Edward Smith, Esq., late of Edinburgh. HU NTER—MAGUIRE.—Ou the 26th ult., at Quebec, • C i l' Deputy A ss i stant- C omm i ssar y- General H. E. nulite to ' second son of George Y. Hunter, Esq., of Ma r g ate,, , Minnie, eldest daughter of Judge M a g uire, of Quebec' Deaths. BIGGs,—On the 18th inst., at Hertford-road, Herts, MI ST. Biggs, Esq., aged 72. CAmptreet. RELL.—On the 19th nst. at his residence. Charles s Berkeley-square,i Sir , John Campbell, K.C.T.S*, aged 81. CIARKE. — On the 21st inst., William l'redway lieq ,of 39, Bedford-place, Russell-square, solicitor, aged 60. FALL.—On the 21st inst., at He rne-hill, Richard Fall, Eeq., aged 74. MARKS.—On the 21st inst., at Chatham, Mr. Montagli Marks. PELLATT.—On the 19 th inst ., at NCW-CTOCS, Mill Fellatt, sen., Esq., aged 68. London: Prlnted and PuMislied by WILLIAM ANDIIECrP, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SUN Office ~`-`• 11i Strand, n Ole Precinct of the o€• iii iUledex . n the COAiltY —`tiednef3ctaii INCe ll 4l)er 23; This kercanl scale of Partic Street No Life Ding i'ol vurinq Li! Stu The PAlsly 1 1 } % kTE 40 10 N SCA.L] XDINI liberal Fort the lic Lon, LONDI THE i T' John John Charl Iticha Rena Thom John atine , C. W . Itichn R • Nv Thott J. p, '. nz See Xuni Lif Va Pr( may Pall- Ti (Th e To b wh am First WI Geor fita Geor St. Lc Th Jam' *Hu *lnc *Su Jam ales, Co. a p Cap be l loti abl an)