The Sun. — London, England, 1863-05-07 00:00:00

.kii5,7 , 11N11131 and Airmirauli BRONZE, 2,000 SPECIMENS, illustrating, the appli cation (Ornamental and t seful) of these in teresting Metals, ARE NOW ON VIEW at MAPPIN BROTHERS' NEW ROOMS, 222, REGENT STREET. Admission by Card. T HEATRE -ROYAL, HAY MARKET. Lessee. Mr. J. B. Buckstone. rim EVENING, BORROWING A HUSBAND. Pa mela, Miss Maria Harris. After which, at half-past 7, STILL WATERS RUN DEEP. Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Wigan, Mr. W. Farren, Mr. Chippen dale, and Miss Louisa Angel. Followed by an apropos Dramatic Sketch, introducing a Panorama of the Tour of the Prince of Wales in the East. To conclude with My HUSBAND'S GHOST. Commence at 7. THEATRE -ROYAL LYCEUM OPEN, under the Sole Management of Mr. FECHTER. THIS EVENING, at 7, to commence with an Original Sketch, entitled A SUDDEN ATTACK. Messrs. Shore, Garden, H. Widdicomb, Miss Henrade, and Mrs. Lee. After which, at a Quarter to Eight, a New Romantic Drama, in Three Acts, and Prologue, entitled THE DUKE'S MOTTO, by Paul Feval and John Brougham. The principal character will be sustained by Mr. Fechter , annported by Messrs. J. G. Shore, G. Jordan, J. Brougham, H. Widdi>ombe, F. Charles, Garden, Raymond, Dawson ; Misses Carlotta Leclercq, Kate Terry, E. Lavenue, and Elsworth y. Acting-Manager, Mr. H. Barnett. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. G. Vining. THIS EVENING, PERFECTION: Mr. R. Roxby, Mr. Belmore, Mr. Fitzjames, Miss Murray, and Miss Oliver. After which, at Eight, HAMLET : Hamlet, Mr. Charles Kean ; Gertrude, Mrs. Charles Kean. NEW THEATRE-R 0 YAL, ADELPHI, Sole Proprietor and Manazer, Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, JANET PRIDE. Messrs. B. Webster, J. L. Toole, Paul Bedford, Stephenson Stuart, Eburne. Sefton, C. J. Smith, Romer ; Miss Ayonia Jones, Miss A. Seaman, and Mrs. Stoker. To conclude with DOMESTIC ECONOMY. Mr. J. L. Toole, Miss Kate Kelly, Miss A. Seaman. and Miss Stoker. Commence at 7. T" THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGEN€E, can be had Every Evening of G. R. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. The Weather—Sun Office, May 7, 1863. THERMOMETER. Highest since Noon yesterday Lowest during the night This day at Noon • 59 Wind—Northerly ; light, with fine weather. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DA.Y.—Morning, 3h. 42m.—Afternoon, 41i. s w . To-monßow.-Morning, 4b. 26m.—Afternoon, 4h. 50m. ttr -04-4ki,*l4.'N LONDON, THURSDAY, MAY 7, 1863. A copy of a daily London newspaper, the name of which is simply world-renowned, the influence of which is such that the journal referred to has long since come to be recognised as among the insti tutions of the land—a copy of this the most dis tinguished and powerful of all the Organs of Public Opinion, has this day come before us in " so questionable a shape," that we can hardly call it, as it nevertheless calls itself, The 7imes. The date of it is Wednesday, October 3, 1798. The number of the journal is No. 4,298_ The price affixed to it, in the opposite corner (the right hand corner) of the first page, is " Sixpence." We turn back to our own file, and, running through the pages of the second volume for that same year -a period removed from the present by exactly sixty-four years, seven months, and four days —we have now lying open before us The Sun of Wednes day, October 3, 1798, the number of it, 1,881, the price of it also" Sixpence." Each of these journals (of from sixty-four to sixty-five years ago) is not only a single sheet, or four diminutive pages, but each is very small indeed in its superficial dimensions! Both being exactly of the same size (2 feet 2 inches by 1 foot 71 inches), both four columns to a page, that is sixteen columns alto gether in each. The 7imes being published then, as it is published still, in Printing-house square, Blackfriare. The Sun being published then, as it is published still, at 112, Strand, in the precinct of the Savoy. Our great morning contem porary of this present Wednesday, May 7, 1863, is numbered as No. 24,552. We ourselves this even ing number for Wednesday, May 7, 1863, No. 22,107. Reverting, however, from the present moment to a period removed from us by an interval of nearly sixty-five wonderful and momentous years, we will cursorily glance though the contents of the two—we can hardly call them broad-sheets, they are so small—we might rather speak of them as doable flyleaves of very moderate proportions. The limes of October 3, 1798., and The Sun of October 3, 1798. In each appears, as the great news of the day, an account of ADMIRAL NELSON'S VICTORY. reprinted in both from a London Gazette extra ordinary are the official documents relating to that victory. Among them the Rear- Admiral's letter to the then Secretary to the Admiralty EVAN NEPEAN Esq., enclosing the despatch recounting in many of its details the incidents of that glorious victory won on the Ist of August, over the French fleet, at the mouth of the Nile near Aboukir ! A despatch dated from on board the Vanguard two days after the battle ; signed HORATIO NELSON; beginning " My Lord, Almighty GOD has blessed his MAJESTY'S arms :" and addressed to the then First Lord of the Ad miralty, the Earl of ST. VINCENT. Following these documents come the catalogues of the English and French Fleets numbered, the former up to 14 the latter up to 17, according to their position in the line-of-battle. Afterwards there are the lists of the killed and wounded. There is in neither hardly anything that can he called, even by courtesy, a leading article, in spite even of the temptation to the writing of such in the receipt just then of the grand record of the glorious victory of the Nile. Running Comment!, there are, among the official documents, connecting them together, but nothing else in any way approximating to a faint resemblance to what is known now as a Leader. The illuminations are described as having been very general throughout the metropolis, though they were of course hastily arranged, not by order, but quite spontaneously and upon the spur of the I moment. It should be remarked at once, that whereas The limes of Wednesday morning, the 3d of October, announces the news of the Victory, and makes mention of the overnight's illuminations, The Sun of the previous evening, Tuesday, the 2d of October, had already given to the town the fitst tidings of the great event ! Beginning its account of ADMIRAL NELSON'S VICTORY with—' We lose t ot a moment in giving to the public such details of this glorious event es have come to our knowledge•" The record ending thus—" It is almost unnecessary to observe that this intelligence has thrown the whole metropolis into a transport of joy." These being the opening and closing remarks of the earliest announcement of the Battle of the Nile as given to the public in The Sun of Tuesday, the 2d of October. Turning again, however, to the copy of The lanes of the following morning as it now lies open before us (cleverly reproduced in facsimile by COLLINS and Co., on the 30th of last October, at their:printing-house in Fetter-lane—and examining there this ingenious fa cs i m ile of our contemporary of that date, as it appears at this moment of Writing at our elbow, side by side with a veritable copy of our own journal under that same date, we find in the two little newspapers—then stripling journals of no more than six or twelve years each, since aged by nearly 65 years additional-- we find now in one, now in the other of them such contemporary scraps of intelligence as the following :—" Mr. CURRAN, the Irish Barrister," is mentioned in The Timee as haying "arrived in town," and as " residing at Lord Mont A's." A Treasury messenger, one Mr. COUR VOISIER, is spoken of in The Sun, in another para graph, as having a few evenings previously been stopped, about two miles on this side of Maiden head, by two highwaymen, who robbed him of about three pounds in money." No such great " ham" for the two highwaymen 1 The messenger from the Treasury carrying with him apparently no very large amount of the contents of its coffers. "Mr. PITT," The Times informs us, " is not confined with the gout at Weimer; we saw him yesterday in the park in perfect good health." Still having an eye to the Day's News, " BIIONAPARTZ'S Dispatches' says The Sun, " are in possession of Admiral NELSON." One announcement in The Times reads rather start lingly to us nowadays, viz,, one to the effect that " The Keepers of Several Read ing Rooms in Fleet Street have been fined £5 for lending newspapers for hire." The Sun of that date, it may be remarked, indulges in various odd little devices among its typography —every thing of that kind being disdained apparently then, by its contemporary. Between The and Sun appears the rayed effigy of the same, having traced within it Sol Clarior Astro. A wreathed Harp divides IRE from LAND—a wreathed anchor NAVAL from NEWS. The organ itself had been from its foundation, was then, and continued still for some time afterwards—the organ of that " Heaven-born Minister " who was seen by the writer in the morning jour nal walking in the park the previous afternoon in such perfect good health. An official advertisement in The Times, signed by the Secre tary of the Post Office, no other than Sir FRANCIS FREELING, offers £240 reward for the capture of the Highwayman who, on the 3d of the Ju/y pre vious, had stopped The Post Boy, and robbed the Mail, between Bromley and Sevenoaks. An adver tisement in T he Sun, the first advertisement in that number of our journal for the 3d October, 1798, an nounces that the next evening, " at half after six," for the " first time this season," "His Majesty'sservants will act a Tragedy called HAMLET." And glancing down the list of the dramatis personce, we observe that Mr. KEMBLE is to be the Hamlet, Mr. Dow- TON the Polonius, Mrs. JORDAN the Ophelia, and Mr. CHARLES KEMBLE the Laertes. Time runs on, two generations pass away, No. 4,298 of The limes has expanded to No. 24,552—N0 1,881 of The Sun having multiplied simultane ously to 22,107. The journals meanwhile expand in size—The Times, repeatedly nowadays (as in effect it did but this very morning), becoming magnified, by means of its double supplement and a half sheet extra, to absolutely leviathan pro portions. Existing during so many years, wit nessing and recording the while so many strange vicissitudes,f, our own journal cannot but direct attention for a moment in passing, and this too, as it were, with a sense cf contemporary exultation to the manner in which that first little sprouting o the acorn has grown and strengthened, and ex panded into the giant oak of the limes news paper. The necessity of finding employment for our Lancashire operatives has long been only second in the minds of the wise and thoughtful to the urgent need of supplying theta with the means of sub sistence for their families. It was felt that long months of enforced idleness were hard to bear by intelligent and active men accustomed to the excite ment and bustle of a busy commercial life. Content and industry are, moreover, closely allied, and there are other evils attending this compulsory inaction besides the additional discomfort it inflicts upon the unemployed " hands." It is not probable, scarcely possible, that so large a standing army of idlers should be able to maintain during a lengthened period unbroken order and unshaken resignation. There will always be demagogues, whose object it is to inflame and irritate the people against the governing powers, and their efforts, which produce but partial and limited effects in tha busy seasons of activity and prosperity, may act like firebrands among a large host of idle men and women, if they are once persuaded that their misfortunes are in any way the fault of their superiors. The conduct of the Lancashire operatives has been on the whole most admirable. Their dignified patience, and the fortitude with which they have borne their undeserved sufferings, have called forth the ap proval and respect of the civilised world. Even in the late distressing riots at Staleybridge it was found that the disturbances originated with a band of giddy and excitable young people—not with the regular working men and women of the district, who complained bitterly of the discredit thus brought upon them. Bat however admirable the conduct of the people may be, it is the duty of those whose province it is to rule them to provide for their needs and necessities, no less moral than physical. Mi,ny benevolent schemes have been suggested and par tially developed by private exertion and kindliness. Some hundreds have been shipped off to our colo nies to transport into young and thinly peopled States the energies that cou'd find no room in the overcrowded arena of the old country. Others have been removed to different parts of the country, and set to new kinds of labour. But the school, the field, and the colony have not as yet disposed of a twentieth part of the great body of unemployed hands. The question is what is to be done for the remainder ? They cannot be left longer in that idleness which is intolerable to an honest English man, and it will be yet some time before our mills are all fairly at work ag a i n . A system of compre hensive emigration ua er Government auspices has been thought of by some, which should transplant into other lands the vigorous offshoots of English industry. But is such a wholesale deportation wise or necessary ? Are these honest and hard-working sons and daughters of toil the ones that England can best spare ? Are they not part of that steady substratum which neutralises the efforts alike of anarchs and despots, which enables her to smile , at the thund ers o f Ch art i st e l oquence , w hi c h offers tie best saf eguar d to t h e lib ert i es of her Constitution. Young, daring, adventurous spirits may do well to carry to another land those energies and powers which the routine of an old civilisation might cramp ; they are fitted to be the pioneers of Eng lish liberty and intelligence. They are qualified to wrestle with nature and man on the wild outskirts of civilisation, or to aid in developing a young colony in the dawn of its rising fortunes. English worth and English enterprise have by such means been wafted, like the wind borne seed, into every latitude of the habitable globe, and their country applauds them for their courage. It is the fitting work for youth, and energy, and hope, untram melled by home ties, unworn by home labour. But it is not the work for fathers and mothers of families, who once had no thought nor wish but to end their days in the old land as their parents did before them, whose eu whose hopes are dau. i that time brings to all of us. scarcely possible, that of the thousanob 1 - hitherto fully employed in the cotton districts, even hun dreds would choose emigration voluntarily. It is the pressure of want, the force of circumstances, that would drive them to it, and the enforced severance of all home ties would dishearten and depress them at the very outset of their un dertaking. We would by no means discourage emigration, which is often a blessing to both the old country and the new, but to be successful it should be voluntary. Let those who are fitted for the life, for whom the change has charms, be assisted in every way possible, but do not let those who shrink from it be driven to adopt it as a last resource from pauperism. There is the less need for such an enforced emigra tion, as there appears to be no reasonable doubt that the cotton trade will before long revive its wonted strength. The many sources now opened— ' India, Queensland, Jamaica,Western Africa, Egypt, and Italy —must ere long bring us in supplies which will render us commercially indifferent whether the doors of the Temple of Janus are open or shut in the troubled Western hemisphere. Oar merchants have had to pay a heavy price for their own per versity and shortsightedness in depending wholly upon one foreign source. Unfortunately in this as in so many other cases, the chief trouble has fal len on those undeserving of it, but the experience so dearly bought must surely be productive of some good, and a similar catastrophe is not likely to recur in our time. If, then, the prospects of the cotton trade are so far satisfactory, why should those who look to it for bread leave us just as the clouds are breaking ? Why should those best fitted for the work depart for a new and untried sphere of action, leaving less experienced and able hands to fill the place of those " who have borne the burden and heat of the day.' , Under these circumstances we see with great satisfaction that, in accordance with the recent observations of Mr. VILLIERS, a gentleman has been despatched by the Government to the cotton districts, for the purpose of reporting - on the possibi lity of employing the able-bodied operatives at fair wages. He inspected the different bodies of men now engaged in oat-door work, and examined the industrial schools. On the day he arrived, there happened fortunately to be a meeting of the Gene ral Purposes Committee, to which he explained the object of his inquiry. He informed the committee that the Government were prepared to advance money to municipal bodies, local boards, and simi lar associations, for the purpose of carrying out sanitary improvements or works of public benefir, which should be the means of giving employment to the idle hands, and thus carry them safely over the time, until supplies of cotton arriving from a thou sand new plantations shall set our mills merrily at work again. We should hope this very rational and feasible scheme may be carried safely into e.ie cation. Last night the House went into Committee on the " Security from Violence 13i.1," and a short de bate ensued. Mr. PEACOCKE moved an amendment to insert the words " that some previous conviction must be proved." This after some discussion was lost by an immense majority of 154, deckling that the clause should remain as it was. This on the whole is a desirable conclusion, since it would be weakening the case as it now stands to alter or commute the sentences inflicted by it. Mr. PEACOCKE gave as a reason for his proposal that he , Aished legislation to " proceed from principle, and not to be prompted by panic." This is all very well, but there is no panic in providing proper and suitable measures for the suppression of such crimes as those here refered to. Mr. ADDERLEY said there had been no undue haste, since it was six months ago that the garotting outrages took place, and therefore he did not agree with the proposal of the hon. member. After a few other remarks, Mr. BENTINCK spoke very forcibly and sensibly on the subject, and said that hon. gentlemen opposite seemed to deal with these questions as if they were discussing the rights of their fellow-subjects, but " he thought that crimi nals of the most hardened class should be considered as separate from the rest of their species, he pro tested against all maudlin sentiment, and thought that the evil should be firmly and promptly dealt with." This is the right way of taking up this question, and Mr. BENTINCK's remarks are most applicable at the present time when so much folly is perpetrated in the management of criminals. Really honest people are left to starve, and the virtuous in trouble may pine away in unnoticed obscurity, while the hardened felon and the con victed criminal are to be pampered in every way, their crimes passed over, and their penalties an nulled. There is no greater anomaly in the present state of society than this premium for crime, that seems held out by really sensible and well meaning persons. The present lull in the excitement that prevailed concerning garotters is not to be depended on, for as soon as the dark nights return we shall hear of more depre dations unless now some stringent measures are adopted and passed into law. There is no greater preventive than disgrace for this class of offences, and the knowledge that ignominy will be attached to the act of violence will do more to deter its repetition than any other system that can be devised. Ic is, therefore, satisfactory that the decision of last night should have ratified Mr. ADDERLEY'S bill, and that gentleman is en titled to the thanks of the community whom he has done so much to serve in the plans he has prepared for the consideration of the House. " Prevention is better than cure" is a well-known adage, and it is well to let it be known among the lawless outcasts of the metropolis that severe measures will be in force against them before they again molest our streets and make the condition of the greatest city in the world a byeword and a reproach among sur- rounding nations. False kindness,or as Mr. BENTIN CK properly denounced it, " maudlin scntiment," is a city of Posen. Powers. firmed. POLAND. AMERICA. cruelty to the evil-doers themselves, and an injustice to the rest of the community. What with the absurd leniency of the convict system; juries recom mending criminals to mercy, when convicted of bar barous and savage assaults; with the apparent im possibility of proving cases of poisoning; and with Secretaries of State being prompt to procure par don for the felons, if by any mischance they have been sentenced to the extreme penalty of the law, it is so (Moult nowadays to see things called by their right names, that it is a refrshitig change to find our legislators adopt 'or once a decisive course. The penalrics cannot be top severe, nor the preventivEs too stringent that operate against such malefactors, and the result of Mr. ADDERLEY'S motion on the subject will be tc militate against the dangerous practice that gains ground of making such exploits a subject for boast- ing, while if it is once an established fact that TO MAJOR-GENERAL HALLECK. shame is attached to the offender, in such in stances, it will prove a more potent auxi liary than any other that could be employed in the cause of order. It is to be hoped that this decisive step is the forerunner of many others in the same direction, and that the absurd plans that have hitherto so signally failed will be put aside at once and for ever. , rgita are exhausted by years of toir, LATEST DTTELLIGENCE, - ^ned by that bitter experience It is not probable, (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) CRACOW, MAY 7. More than 60 persons hare been arrested in the Numerouc arrests, including many noblemen, have also been made in the province of Posen. The insurgent chief, Osinski, after a successful encounter on the sth inst. with the Russian troops, occupied Dombrowa. The peasants of the district of Podlachia, in the Government of Lublin, are paying to the revolu tionary agents the ground rent for the support of the insurrection, which their landlords have refused to pay. BERLIN, MAY 7 Private letters received here from reliable sources in St. Petersburg, state that Prince Gortschakoff, after having despatched the replies to the notes of the Great Powers on the Polish Question, read a confidential note to the ambassadors of those powers in St. Petersburg. This note explained the pro- gramme of reforms intended to be carried out in Poland by the Emperor. The introduction of these reforms would depend upon circumstances, although they would not be delayed after the pacification of Poland had been effected. It is said that this note has produced a good im pression upon the Ambassadors of the Great It is expected that the insurgent forces in Poland will shortly be augmented, but the Russian autho rities hope to be able to overpower them. LEMBERG, MAY 3, A number of boys, averaging between 10 and 12 years of age, left this city to-day with the object of joining the insurgents in Poland. They were formed into two detachments, one numbering 30, and the other 50 strong. It is to be hoped that the authorities will succeed in preventing these boys from carrying out their intention, which they have up to the present moment managed to keep secret. This incident testifies to the patriotic spirit which prevails in the breasts even of Polish children. Mr. W. H. Russell, the well-known correspon dent of the Times, arrived here a few days ago. Baron Seebach is also here, and it is said that he has been in communication with some of the most prominent members of the Polish aristocracy. The Baron has but just returned from Warsaw, and it is asserted, on reliable authority, that he is about to proceed to Odessa. Intelligence recently received here confirms the news that the insurrection is rapidly extending, and that new bodies of insurgents are being formed in every part of the Polish territory. The most important news, however, is that the peasants in many districts are now joining the insurgents in great numbers, in some cases armed with scythes, and in others with implements of husbandry. Th ey form distinct bodies, ani alter having fought a battle they disperse and return to their agricultural pursuits. The Russians appear to have abandoned their favourite system of traversing the country in flying columns. They now march in considerable force against the insurgents, evidently with the view of annihilating the small insurrectionary bodies. This change of tactics on the part of the Russians has, how ever, caused the Poles not to allow their detachments to operate at too great a distance from each other. Thus, for instance, the division under the chief command of Czachowski is subdivided into four detachments, three of which are led respectively by Kononowizc, Grelincki, and Lopacki ; the fourth being under the immediate command of the chief. In the district of Sandornir other bodies are in course of formation, which will also co-operate with the abovenamed detachments under Czachow ski. On the 20th ult. Czachowski defeated the Russians at Bzin, and again at Nicklanie on the 22d ult. Kononowizc, a few days since, gained another victory over the Russian forces within a short distance of Wachock. It is said that another insurgent leader, by name Liittich, has defeated the Russians at Papow, not far from Dzialoszyn, in the district of Sandman The tactics observed by the forces under Cha chowski are also followed by the insurgent divi sions in the vicinity of Kalisch and Konin, all the small detachments operating within a short dis tance of each other. Tue headquarters of the last named forces are at Priesern (Pyzdry), where the insurgents are employed day and night in the maaufacture of arms of every description. The insurgent chiefs Mosakoweki and Obsinski are now also acting together. Tezioranski, with about 600 men, mostly volun teers from Galicia, is operating in the Government of Lublin not far from the forces under Lelewell. A third detachment is now in course of formation in that Government. The news that the poet Mieezyslew Romanowsk had fallen in battle on the 24th ult., is now con LIVERPOOL, Wednesday. The Liverpool, New York, and Philadelphia Company's screw steamer City of Baltimore, Cap tain M‘Gingan, which sailed from New York on the 25th ult., arrived in the Mersey at 1 o'clock this afternoon. The Canadian mail steamer Hibernian, Captain Ballantine ; from Portland Maine, on the 25th ult., also reached the port at the same time. Full telegraph summaries of news have already been published. 'The Hibernian not having left Portland till six p.m. on the 25th ult., we receive by her the follow ing telegrams in advance of publication :- 44 Washington, April 25 _ . " The following despatch from Major• General Burnside has been received at head-quarters Cincinnati, April 25, by Major-General Halleck, General in Chief. Louisville, April 22. The expedition to Celina was entirely successful. Colonel Graham reports through General Hobson that they destroyed the town, 100,0001 b, of bacon, 10,000 bushels of wheat, 10,000 bushels of corn, 100 barrels of whiskey, 100 barrels of flour, a considerable quantity of sugar, coffee, tea, malt, and other stores, and 40 boats which had been used in transportation from Bucksville and other points on the Cumberland River. The rebels report a loss of 90, killed, but Colonel Graham, the commander of the expedition, is of opinion that the number is greater. We had one wounded and one missing. The result is highly creditable to the troops enraged. Indeed it was a perfect success. (Signed) "' Brigadier General WRIGHT. " A. E. BußssrnE, Major General.'" " Head-quartet s, Army of the Potomac, April 25. " Two or three days ago a party of our troops paid a visit to Port Royal, on the Rappahannock, and captured from 15 to 20 prisoners, a mail, and several horses. They also destroyed a quantity of forage and some army waggons. The severe rain storm ceased list night, and there is now a prospect of better weather, w hi c h will dry the roads. The rebel picket s i n f ormal ours that they have a new gene ral on thei r side, who n tet:eathtsety replied,hesoldie `General Starvation,rs with great severity. On inquiri ng his name, begad " The Baltimore American, of the afternoon of the 24th, has the following:— "Head -quarters, Bth LEO; Ccrps, Baltimore, 24th. "By telegraph from Major-Gen. Milroy I learn that the expedition under General Elliott is a succesei. He captured about 20 prisoners and some 30 horses. Nine rebels were killed. We lost two in killed. (Signed) " R.E. SCHENCK, Major-Gen. Commanding." PHILADELPHIA, 25TH.—The Bulletin has the following special despatch : 4 ‘ Cincinnati, April 5. Advisee from below state that there has been a cessa- Hot. of fighting on the Coldwater. Doting the fighting thus far the Federal loss has been small ; one colonel is reported killed, but his name has not yet been ascertained. Rebel reports say that Gen. Loring has arrived from Fort Pem berton, with several thousand men, and reinforced General Chalmers. Some hard fighting was anticipated. Several houses were burnt at Hermundson, on the 21st. It is re ported that Holly Springs has been re-occupied by the Federals. The steamer Prima Donna, from Vicksburg, arrived at Memphis on the 23d inst., when our gunboats and transports ran the rebel blockade at Vicksburg; all went by the Warrenton batteries but the Forest Queen, which being disabled put in at the mouth of the lower canal for repairs. On Tuesday she ran by the Warrenton batteries and joined the fleet, Not a gun was fired at her," The Chattanooga Rebel of the 23d reports a fight at Tuscumbia, and claims a victory. The Tul lahoma correspondent of the Rebel says from pre lent indications the campaign in Middle Ten nessee will open in earnest. In pursuance of a re cent order of Bragg all tents and extra luggage had been sent to the rear, only 3 flies being reserved to every 100 men. The correspondent of the St. Louis Democrat of the 23d writing from Rolla says : " General Marmaduke has a force of 20,000 rebels in south-east Missouri, and General Price has a force of 10,000 conscripts at Pocahontas. This doubtless, is an exaggera tion. General Van Dorn left for Rolla with a brigade of cavalry and some artillery and infantry, and the remainder of cavalry and artillery of General Ewing's and Osterhan's divisions were ordered to move." The steam ship North Star, from Aspinwall, had arrived at New York with 256,604 dole. in Califor nian gold. The French corvette Bertholet, from Vera Cruz on the 7th, had also arrived at New York. The commander stated that the report of the defeat of the French at Puebla was entirely erroneous. When he left Vera Cruz all was quiet at Puebla. The steamer Bremen, for Southampton, left New York on the 25th, with 160 passengers, and 90,000 dole. in specie. A dispatch from Simcoe, Canada West, of the 25th says : " Van Eary's steam mills were blown up yesterday by the bursting of a boiler. Four men were killed, and the mills entirely destroyed." COMMERCIAL. NEW YORK, April 25 (Evening). The Stock Market farther advanced to-day— particularly for Illinois Central Shares, which closed at 94+. Erie closed at 811. Gold, 53i prem. Cotton was unchanged, but firm. Breadstuffs steady, but firmer. SOUTHAMPTON, MAY 7 The North German Lloyds steamship Bremen, from New York, on the 25th April, has arrived off Cowes, with 150 passengers, 38 bags of mails, 51,800 dole. for France and 38,750 dole. for England. She left Sandy Hook on the morning of the 26th, passed several large icebergs on the 29th, spoke the American ship Columbia on the 30th, the Eng lish barque Gordon on the 3d, steering westward, the English ship New Great Britain, off Portland on the 7th. Her news has been anticipated. SPAIN. M ADRID, MAY 6 (Evening). In the Congress to-day a Royal decree was read suspending the sittings of the Cortes. The Progressist party had the intention of eon- tinning on Sanday next the celebration of the national fete of the 2d May. The Government, however, being opposed to this project, the Pro gressists determined to abandon it. The reports current of A ministerial modification are devoid of foundation. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 7,186 g. FRANCE, BOURSE, May 6.—The market improved at the commencement of business, but afterwards receded in consequence of sales for realisation. Threes, for Account, are now at 69f. 80c. The Railway Share Market has been heavy, and some of the lines are lower. The market closed as follows : if per Cents .. 97 25 Italian Loan 72 60 Do. end month.... Do. end month — 3 per Cents Do. end month.... 69 70 Do. end month — Credit Mobilier.... 1437 SO Russian D. end m0nth....1440 --Austrian Bank Shares 3370 Spanish Threes.... Credit I. oncier — Home Debt RAIL rAYB. Cash. Account. Orleans lOO7 50 .. 1015 Northern New ditto . 1007 50 .. Lyons and Mediterranean 1081 25 .. 1085 Geneva Southern Western Eastern .... Sardinian Austrian - Lon. bard .... North of Spain Saragossa 760 .. 765 Ditto to Barcelona MARKETS---This Day. MARK••LAN E. IMPERIAL WEEKLY AVERAGES. —Wheat, 45s 9d; barley, 34s 6d ; oats, 21s 2d ; rye, 29,8 8d ; beans, 378 3d ; and peas, 35s 6d. THE Six WEEKS' AVERAGES. - Wheat, 458 7d ; barley, 35s 7d ; oats, 21s bd ; rye, 30s 10d; beans, 36s 4d; peas, 35s 9d. _ _ . . ENGLISH GRAIN SOLD LAST WEEK.—Wheat, 93,016; barley, 13,926 ; oats, 10,047 ; rye, 18 ; beans, 4,151; peas, 276 qrs. METROPOLITAN CATTLE. Our market, to-day, was favourably-well supplied with beasts in fair condition, and all breeds moved off slowly, at a decline in the quotations compared with Monday, of 2s per 81bs. The best Scots, &c., sold at 4s 8d per Bibs. Sheep—the show of which was moderately good —met a slow sale, at 2d per Sibs less money. The best Downs realised 4s 10d per 81bs. Prime lambs were disposed of at about stationary prices ; but inferior breeds gave way 4d per Sibs. The supply was rather on the increase. We have to report a dull sale for calves, at 2d per 81bs less money. The quotations ranged from 3s 10d to 4s 10d per 81bs. Pigs and mulch cows were very dull, at barely lat e rates. _ _ Per blb. to sink the offal. s. d. s. d. I s. d. s. d. Crse. &inf. beasts 3 4 3 6 , Primecrs-wool d 0.4 4 * 6 Second quality do. 3 8 4 0 PEue.Slthdowndo.4 8 4 10 Prime largo oxen 4 2 4 4 Large crse. calves 3 10 4 4 Prime Scots, &c. 4 6 4 8 Prime small do 4 6 4 10 Crse. & inf. sheep 3 6 3 8 Large hogs 3 4 4 0 Second quality do. 310 4 2 Small porkers 42 4 6 Lambs, 65 Od to 7s 4d. Suckling calves, 12s to 20s ; and quarter-old store pigs, .9s to 28s. TOTAL SUPPLY. FOREIGN SUPPLY. Beasts .. . Cows l3O , Sheep and lambs .... 900 Sheep and lambs Calves Pigs 370 ) ME AT MARKETS. NEWOATE AND LEADENHA.LL.—The supplies are only moderate, nevertheless the trade rules heavy, as fol. lows .—Beef, from 3s Od to 4s 2d ; mutton, 3s 8d to 4s 6d ; lamb, 6s Od to 6s 8d ; veal, 4s 9d to 4s 8d ; and pork, 3s 4d to 4s 6d per 81bs, by the carcase. SOUTHALL, May 6.—The supplies of stock were toler• ably good, and the trade ruled steady, as follows : Beef, from 3s 8d to 4s 8d; mutton, 3s 6d to 4s 10d ; lamb, 6s 4d to 7s 2d ; veal, 4s 2d to 5s Od ; and pork, 38 10d to 4s 6d per 81bs, to sink the offal. ItOMFORD, MaN 6.—The demand for all kinds of stick was illative at barfly last week's prices. Beat', from 3s 6d to 4s 6d ; mutton, 3s 8d to bs Od ; lamb, 6s 64 to 78 4d , veal, 4s 4d to 5s Od ; pork, 3s 4d to 4s 6d per 81bs ; suckling calves, 12s to 19s; quarter-old store pigs, 19s to 265; and milch cows, £l4 Os to £lB Os each. HAY MARKZTS. SMITHFIELD. —Meadow hay, £2 Os to £4 Os Od ; clover do., £3 108 to £5 lOs ; and straw, £1 108 to 16s par load. A slow trade. CUMBEILLAND.--Meagow hay, £2 2s to £4 4s; clove/ do., £3 lOs to £5 10e ; and straw, £1 lOs to £1 16s per load. Trade inactive. WHITECHAPEL —Meadow hay, £2 Od to £4 Os ; clover do , £3 lOs to £5 10s; and straw, £1 lOs to £1 I6s per load. A lull average supply. " For some clays past," says the Augsburg Gazette, "the King of Prussia drives out in a carriage drawn by horses harnessed in the Russian manner, and driven by a coachman wearing the national Russian costume. His Majesty is always enveloped in a cloak, with a military hel met on, and is never accompanied by any person." UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW.—Lord Palmerston, the Lord Rector of Glasgow University, has made the very liberal donation of one hundred guineas, to be given in three prizes, to be ompeted for by the students enrolled during his lordship's rectorate—one prize of £37 each year. ...Edinburgh Courant. tort len HER MAJESTY. OSBORNE, May 6. Her Majesty, accompanied by her Royal High- ness Princess Louis of Hesse, walked and drove yesterday. Princess Helena and Princess Louise rode on horseback. PORTSMOUTH, May 6. Their Royal Highness the Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse, Prince Alfred, and Princess Helena crossed over from Osborne this afternoon in the royal yacht Fairy, Captain his Serene Highness the Prince Leiningen, and landed at the Queen's Stairs in the dockyard, where their royal highnesses were received by the Port-Admiral, Sir M. Sey mour, G,C_B., Rear-Admiral the Hon. C. Elliott, C. 8., Admiral Superintendent, the principal officers of the yard, and a guard of honour from the 20th Regiment. Their royal highnesses visited the Royal Sovereign, where a model of a section of the pilot • house was exhibited, and, after being conducted over the ship and the various alterations explained by Mr. Cradock and Mr. Sturee, they proceeded to the Steam Basin, taking a hasty view of the Hector, iron ram. From thence the royal party were conducted to the smithery, where the hydraulic press was set in motion and its capabili ties fully pointed out. From the smithery their royal highnesses proceeded and took a view of the Royal Alfred, in No. 5; afterwards the Black Prince, at the sheer jetty, and finally went on board the Defence and inspected different parts of the the ship, being received by the officers on the quar terdeck, and the marines presenting arms and band playing the National Anthem. Their royal high nesses then proceeded in the admiral's barge to the flagship Victory, Capt. Scott, C. 8., where the ro) al party were received with a royal salute, and the yards manned. The royal yacht Fairy was in at tendance to embark their royal highnesses on their return to Osborne. The Prince and Princess of Wales. The Prince of Wales, attended by M.jor Tees dale, rode on horseback in the forenoon yesterday. The Princess of Wales, attended by the Countess of Macclesfield, took a carriage drive. The Prince and Princess of Wales tciuk a drive in an open carriage in the afternoon. The Duke and Duchess of Wellington, Earl Granville, Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston, Lord Harris, Viscount and Viscountess Castlerosse, the Earl and Countess of Mount Edgcumbe, Lieut.- General Knollys, the Hon. Robert H. Meade, Lieut.-Colonel Keppel, and Mr. Herbert Fisher, had the honour of dining with their Royal High ❑esses the Prince and Princess of Wales at Mail borough House in the evening. The Duke and Duchess of Wellington have issued cards for a grand banquet, on Monday next, at Apsley House, to meet their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Wales. The Duke and Duchess of Northumberland had a dinner party lest evening at Northumberland House, where among the guests were Lord Redesdale and the Hon Miss Mitford, Sir Michael and Lady Octavia Shaw Stewart Hon. Josceline and Mrs. Percy, Admiral Sir George Back. Admiral Fitzroy, the Astronomer Royal, Dr. and Mrs. Cureton, Mr. and Mrs. Halliburton, Dr. hock, Mr. Alex. ander Herschel], Mr. Michell, &c. The Duchess of Somerset has left town for Bul strode Park, Bucks. The Duke of Cleveland, according to the accounts received in town yesterday from Paris, is better, and will return home as soon as his health will admit of the tourney. The Duke of Argyll has gone to Roseneath Castle, Dumbartonshire, where the Duchess and youthful family are staying. It is understood that the noble duke will r - main in attendance on. the Queen, as a member of the Ca binet, during her Majesty's residence at Balmoral. The Earl and Countess of Harewood and family arrived in town yesterday from Harewood House, near Leeds, for the season. NOT RUINED BY PROMOTION, A writer in the 7 imes says :—ln corroboration of he statement by "R. N." in your paper of this day relative to the mention in Southey's "Life of Nel son" of Lieut. Pollard, R.N., having shot the man by whose unerring aim Nelson fell, I beg to forward an extract from O'Byrne's "Naval Biography," bearing out the fact, and which may prove interest ing to your readers. He says—On the return of the fleet of Lord Nelson from its pursuit of the com bined squadrons to the West Indies Mr. Pollard was afforded an opportunity of participating as sig nal midshipman of the Victory in the action off Cape Trafalgar. On that occasion, when standing on the poop, he was struck by a splinter on the right arm, and chanced to be the first officer who was there touched. A musket-ball next passed thr - ,ugh the shell of his spyglass, about a foot above the hand that held it, and a second one shattered the watch in his pocket. Some time after the Vic tory had been in action with the French 74 gun ship Redoubtable, the officers and men around him be ginning to fall fast, the attention of Mr. Pollard was arrested by a number of soldiers whom he perceived crouching in the tops of the Redoubtable, and di recting a destructive fire on the poop and quarter deck of the Victory. He immediately seized a musket, and being supplied by the signal-quartermaster, King, with ball cartridges from two barrels kept on the afterpart of the poop for the use of the Marines (who at the time were elsewhere engaged), con tinued firing at the soldiers every time they rose breast high in the tops until not one was to be seen. In the act of handing the last parcel of ball car tridges the quartermaster was shot through the forehead and fell lifeless nn the spot. When the action terminated Mr. Pollard was the only officer left alive of those who had been originally stationed on the poop; and thus, in the manner we have described, originated the belief that it was he who had shot the man who had killed Lord Nelson." Lieutenant Pollard was promoted the following year to the rank he now holds, having seen much active service in both war and peace, and it is only during the last 10 or 12 years that he has been found a shelter within the walls of Green% ieh Hospital. Surely, sir, after a period of 66 years in her Majesty's navy, during which most of his gene ration have passed away, he may well present a claim upon his country's gratitude that at the least, if nothing can be done for himself in his declining years, his relatives in the service should meet with due consideration at the hands of the Admiralty AMERICAN SPEECHIFYING.—bpeeches are deli vered to be printed and circulated amongst consti• tuents, rather than to influence the audience to which they are addressed; and, indeed the newspaper summaries are ordinarily so meagre, that any member who wishes for a full report is obliged to have his speech reprinted. Probably, in consequence of this, the custom of reading speeches, or re ferring constantly to memoranda, is very common, and mars the effect of the discussions. There is an amount, too, of unimpressive gesticulation which become perfectly mono tonous. I saw one member, who, during a speech of an hour, kept advancing and retreating constantly up an open space of some 12 feet in length, like the Polar bear at the Regent's-park gardens; another, who always sidled from one desk to another; a third, who swung his arms up and down with the regularity of a windmill; and a fourth, who kept turning like a teetotum towards every part of the house in turn. The constant, accentuation, t, , 0, of unimportant words, and the frequent misplacement of the right emphasis to the wrong place, makes long lis tening to an American debate wearisome to an Englishman Still, the one remarkable feature is the marvellous fluency of the speakers. Everybody has the gift of speaking—th e power, at least, of stringing words together without a hitch I never heard an American member of either house stutter, or hem and haw, as nineteen• twentieths of our speakers do when in want of a word. And this is not solely because the speeches are prepared beforehand. I have constantly heard members interrupted in their speeches, and unexpected questions put to them, yet they always replied with the same perfect self-possession, and almost fatal fluency of language. Whether this arises from the fact that, unac•• customed as I am to publio speaking,' is a phrase no Ame rican out of his teens could use with truth, or whether, as I think, it is due to some characteristic excitability in the race, which supplies words at command, I cannot say. The tact is certain, that though I never heard anything in the way of American parliamentary oratory which rose to the height of eloquence, I never heard so much average good speaking in any English aaambly. . Dicey's .Federal States, .Naval and Military Intelligence. THE NAVY. The Duke of Somerset, First Lord of the Admi ratty, and Vice-Ad m i ra l th e H on. S i r F . W. Grey K.C.8., Senior Naval Lord, accompanied by Bee r Admiral S. Robineon, Controller of the Navy , All W. G. Romaine, C. 8., Under-Secretary of the Ad miralty, and Captain R. Hall, Private Secretary tl the First Lord, went down to Chatham dockyart yesterday, in order to inspect the vessels unde construction and repair, as well as the works 11 progress at that establishment. Their lordshiP, reached the dockya r d a t 11 a.m., and were re ceives at the entrance by Capt. Fanshawe, the supe,inten. dent, Mr. Lang, master-shipwright, and the othe . r heads of departments. The chief object of their visil was to inspect the screw frigate Orlando, 46, 1 , 030 horse power, Capt. Randolph, which has been sent home from the West Indies to undergo heavy re" pairs. It now appears that the defeats are mer e serious than were at first conjectured, and her re pairs will require her detention in dock for some time. Most of the injuries she has sustained are towards her stern, which, from the heavy strain this portion of the vessel is called upon to sustain froW the enormous power of her engines, will require tO be very considerably strengthened by the addition °f iron kn ees t o t h ose parts which give signs weakness. The whole of her copper sheathing is to be stripped off, when her planking below her water line will be inspected, in order that those portio ) which give tokens of unsoundness may be renewed' After completing their inspection of the Orland° the Board proceeded to the adjoining dock, i 0 which the iron frigate Achillee, 50, 1,000 horse' power is under construction. Since the former visit of their Lordships the progress made in this ship is something marvellous, and from a mere skeleton of huge iron ribs, nearly every portion from her stein to stern is covered with the inner skin of iron, e rl which has been laid the 18-inch backing of teek, iat readiness for the reception of the armourplatiop 'About one-third of the armour-plating i. already completed, the number of slabs of iron fixed up i ° yesterday being 97, the total number required to encase every portion of her surface above the wa ter and to oft, below the water line being rather over 300. The number of workmen already employ ed exclusively on the vessel exceeds 1,300. At ter ' spending some time in the inspection of the Achille . , their Lordships went down the harbour in the A d ' miralty steam yacht Wildfire, Mr. Brockman eee l : mender, to the iron-cased frigate Royal Oak, 3 ' 800 horse power, Capt. Campbell, lying at Folly Points preparing for sea. They spent some time in their spection of this ship, which has comparativel little remaining to be done on board before sh e will be ready to take her departure for h er experimental cruise. After re-embarking in th e Wildfire, and before returning to the dockYs7 they insp ec t e d th e works at St. Mary's Isis' . for the extension of the dockyard by the forma ls° of additional docks and basins. On relanding et the dockyard they were occupied a short time in the transaction of official business with Captain-Ser rintendent Fanshawe, and afterwards lett the e l° tablishment for the Admiralty. - The screw corvette Cadmus, 21, 400 horse-po wer ' Capt. J. F. Ross, having been dismantled, put out of commission and her crew paid off in D e ; ham harbour y ester d ay. The Cadmus has been Nu; years in commission, and has been employed ciV elli on the North American and West India statione• The following appointments were made yest er : day at the Admir a lty : —H enry A. Henri, engioeB4 to the Indus for the Tilbury; George ThoroPs °° ,; engineer, to the Indus for the Nightingale; en James W. M. Ashl e y, paymaster, to be secretary ' '- Admiral Sir H. Stewart. THE ARMY. Yesterday Col. J. W. Ormsby, commanding t he 9th Brigade Royal Artillery, made an o fficial it ; spection of th e mounte d D field battery o f the 91 , brigade quart ere d a t Chatham garrison. He i 138 1: tuted a minute inspection of the mer, horses, g liv _ L , &c., and aft erwar d s went through the quartel" stables, and o ffi ces , an d i nspected the official recoi l' of the battery. In the afternoon the non-coro° 111 ; sioned offi cers an d men of the battery assemble'," dismounted, in th e square, for the purpose of beitly inspected at drill. The D battery having just u nder gone the half -yearly inspection, the customary eel lutions on th e Li nes were dispensed with. T h e battery is ju s t now i n a very high degree Of tW ciency. The half-yearly in s p ect i on of the Chatham or fired division of Royal Marine Light Infantry was re; sumed at headquarters on Tuesday, by m a jor-0° 4 rat A. B. Str ans h am, the Inspector. General of ti; Royal Mari ne f orces. On the previous dal to, inspection was confined to a battalion of 600 ol e o in order to test the efficiency of that number of 113 0 e o f taken fr om th e di v i s i on, when under arms. o Tuesday the I ns p ector -G eneral selected a t pot smaller battali on , w hi c h was marched to the Gr eer Lines in order to enable him to ascertain the po r lr in which the capt a i ns o f companies and the ju ni or o • officers could handle their men and many:W ire r battalion. For thi s p urpose MI jor- General StrB slamam selected a numb er of the officers, who !er e e r successively called to th e f ront, and under h i s d'r , tion put the battalion through various mo ve:De l : or The battalion Was subsequently manoeuvred nl3 the command of one o f t h e fiela-officers, and at 11°00 was marched b ac k t o i ts quarters. At 2 o ' c l oc k t// 0 companies w ets f orme d i n the barrack-square , wh ey Major-General Stransham made a minute iosP, 4 non of th e i r arms, ki ts,uniforms, and accoutre a portion of the inspection which occupied him O bi time. Th e I nspector-Generai, accompanied I, Col. Lemon, C. 8., and other officers, afterwe it , proceeded to t h e gun battery for the purpose of 11 00 nEssing a portion of the battalion at ship's 14 1 ? drill. The number of men selected for tbio was 60, a portion of the number who are 01) .0 daily instructio n i n gun -d r i l l . T he battery in °ire f the Royal Marines are exerc i sed is made In reliar sent a portion of a li ne - of- b attle-ship, and le ' nished with th e nava l 110-pounder and 40 pou °der 0, Armstrongs, and t h e ordinary 68-pounder 95 °re, guns. Tne inspection on Tuesday proved in a oy al' markable d egree the value of training the Sge Marines i n a thorough knowledge of ships a ; 0 drill, so as to ren d er them valuable auxil i ar le the seam en . D ur i ng the i nspection the 14ari0er under the di rect i on o f C apt. B l i gh, the inst rtict sts in gunnery to the di v i s i on , di splayed a tb(r. tte knowledg e o f every port i on of their gun drill' o u i ore large Armstrongs and 68-pounders being cat' are cision. poi n t e d, an d fi red with rapidity ",,,,%3ar cision. O n l eav i ng t he gun-shed battery General Stransham expressed his satisfaction ° w ad manner in which the Royal Marines had 04 : far' themselves. The inspection was brought t ° "boa minaticin yesterday afternoon. The result W o fs! in the highest degree satisfactory, and the ° bip report to th e Ad m i ra l ty w i ll, there is little doti an exceedingly flattering one. p aid Major-General Si r R ic h ar d D acres, comet ° o rlf • at Woolwich, o n T ues d ay resumed his ha l f Ye .0000 inspection of the garrison, by parading a d olo o ol of the Ist Horse Brigade, commanaed by Ti,sog Sir David Wo The F and H b a tteries ' fl i t fea been supplied with 10 rounds of blank arn wu r ag: per man, muste re d on W oolw i ch common tiwaya past 10, in h eavy march i ng order, in copra Capt. F. L. H. Lyon. The "1 -1 --on. Rhea Craven, youngest soli °f efl • Earl and C oun t ess C raven, whose illness at Eton "P l:a tionceodmapfEewNsdAsTylsclaNgo,rios mu ßA ch cc ber i e D tt EN . Vet: Ts.....sir bit, I • ; in u y ss la o r n ge h r e e s ora la p i e d ns b a e ti f o o n r: o t n h af r ()use of Cow l:6° . opal Pgi providingiured, than th; to or a f i o l r w aa yfi r c s o t m- c pl a a s np sies shall not be liable eths c hv o ahea n sinnp d pio - n: e wgi2 l dn a o s epof s r:isrru, a and £2OO fora third-class passenger,bseug,ellble:ls killedbeing thenf' o' hs9nr:: jeeir: notaras asttemona be liable ra: pays aabyi l t des o fa ti A be rsy ju: fi cus t un e or d gaa us : aecYsea: et tn c it; " o °ll t n y ailn , iess h ksous i er n atarh t ra i ae o e g ep which he was offering toast l t a h cl e y cl a u t a t i h i e tY sttlip t e hretasbine7 _ s e s i a p tia° was a while before the lady redistributed the uttert.7oool rawr 'am, and so got at the raw ham of which t 5 _, 01 0 61 was Breaking. In this intense case there is the C 131 4 14 si t fault of the R and the H; but not a few who a lu k a in Y s 9 7 6 g o ax otl a it cannot say " The sofa is hard" without , to deal of Rout of the hard and giving it a a frulge sofa(r),