The Sun. — London, England, 1863-11-04 00:00:00

THE TI LAMES EMBANKMENT, A patient s lid long-suffering public will pro bably not be l is-pleased to learn that a real, actual, practical be& .nning has at length been made in the great metroF olitan work of embanking the northern s id e of the Thames. A very long time since, a sort of feir A was made by the sinking of a few miserable- looking piles in groups of three, along a portion Q f the route, bat these were merely very early preliminaries, and had so long remained station'AY y and desolate that the promenaders on the bridg'is had at length ceased even to bestow a pass'ir,g glance on them. Yesterday's proceedings we re, however, of a very different character, and a',though they were only a beginning, and a small one, they constituted a movement of the :right sort. The first of the great caissons which are to stud the river on its northern side between Westminster and Waterloo bridges, and within which the sea-wall is to be made, was shipped yes terday morning in pieces from the factory at Dept ford, on board several barges, and carried up to the immediate neighbourhood of the railway bridge at Charing-cross, where it is to be sunk, and within it the actual work of the embankment will forthwith be commenced. It was only very recently that the contract for the first portion of th e wor k s , name l y those embankment between W es t m i ns t er and Furness,Waterloo bridges, was " let out" to Mr. of the but it would appeer that since then there has not been much to complain of on th e score loss of time. About five of these great caissons, the f first of whieh arrived at its destinati on yesterday, whole length of thi s will have to be let down into the riv e r, over each the buildi ng of the sea wall will be e h portion of the work, and within xnecuts follows :—The f oun . elation (within the ed. The mode of p ro . ceeding will be something a caisson) will be scooped out b y misers," machines technically called "nu • ~ connected by a long shalt w ith steam power workin g a b ove the surface of the water. The diving-bell w ill then be b r ought into requisition to lay the con crete and put . i n the -masonry, and when the caisson is full of solid work it will be taken off piecemeal, and again sunk a Tittle farther on on the line. The same process will be carried on in the five caissons simultaneously, and in this manner a solid sea wall will be gradually erected throughout the whole distance. When this has been done, and the water has been permanently excluded, the work of excavation within the wall will commence; and it will be heavy work, for room has to be made for two erections, both of great im portance, and involving an immense amount of labour in their construction. Down iieep in the concrete the great sewer which is to receive all the drainage of the north side of London is to be im bedded, and above it will be the " subway" of the embanxment, for the reception of the gas and water pipes of the district. Within this space and towards the shore there will be a very large space still unappropriated, but the general impres sion is that it will ultimately be made available for a subterranean railway. The commence ment of the works at this period of the year, al though attended as it must be by short days and broken weather, may on the whole be considered as being rather fortunate than otherwise, as it must give a great deal of employment to the labouring classes at a season when the other sources of out door metropolitan employment are apt to be very much diminished. A long period has intervened between the time when Martin, the painter of "Belshazzar's Feast," first sketched out his wondrous design for an embankment of the Thames, and the day when the first caisson was brought up the river from Deptford. During the interval artists of nate and engineers of skill devised plan alter plan, but without producing any practical result, until at last the Metropolitan Board of Works discovered that they could not carry out their great scheme of drainage without seriously disturbing the traffic of the Strand and its neigh bourhood, and they determined upon embanking the Thames, in order that within the new work they might build their great main sewer, and thus avoid disturbing and suspending a great portion of the trade of Western London for an indefinite period. The work, which may be said practically to have commenced yesterday, will extend only from West minster to Waterloo Bridge; the second portion of the embankment—namely, that laying between the latter bridge and Blackfriars—not having as yet been contracted for. It will, in fact, be a continua tion of the embankment which already runs along the river front of the Houses of Parliament, and the reader will, by recollecting that terrace, be able to form an adequate idea as to the elevation and gene ral appearance of the future esplanade. At Westminster there will be a new steamboat pier, harmonising in general design with the bridge, but the approach to the embankment ( which at this point will be 100 feet wide, and four feet above high water) will be from the east side of Bridge street. The embankment will thence run along the river, striking the first brick pier of the Charing cross Railway bridge and on to Waterloo, passing in its course at the rear of Montague House, of which the public will have a lively recollection in consequence of the preposterous claim set up by its noble owner to " stop the way" of the entire public to suit his own ideas of aristocratic seclu sion, and the animated discussion, which the said claim gave rise to in Parliament. It was rumoured at the time that the matter was to be compromised by the purchase of the house for Government Purposes, but such is not the fact. His grace S till retain s hi s no bl e t own mans i on , an d, as we are baPPer to add, improved, not injured, by th e embankment. Mont a gue House h as a t p resent a gard en stretching a hundred feet dow n t o th e evater, to this will be added anoth er hun dred L and et of reclaimed land, lying between the present g ar den. - wall and the proposed roadway. This spare his grace proposes to plant w ith qu i c k growing trees, s have b in we c en his a very f e w y e ar s t o i n t erpose a sufficient sereen premises and the passing public. From cross-bridge the embankment will preserve its original breadth until the limit of th e wor k with which we at present h: done, eto deal. Within this limit there is plenty t o b provided t h e provisions of the Act of Parl iament be f a ithf u ll y c irried out. There is to be a main afepeptroabch from Westminster - bridge , which is 14 embankment, and from which th e descent i°svetotbe he at a gratiient of one foot in 80. There is to be an approach from opposite the Horse Guards at White hall, by a roadway SO feet wide, an d a high l evel s treet from Whitehal l- p lace to Wellington-street, from which there will be approaches at intervals to the embankment roadway, each with a gradient o f 1 iu 42. A eery interesting feature of the design will be the laying out of the reclaimed land i n front of the Whitehall and Charing-cross approaches in gardens, which, if they only look as well when finished as they now do in the coloured plans, will prove a very great metropolitan attraction. These gardens will be raised 16 feet above the river side roadway, in order to keep them on a level with the ground at the back, and, under them , facing the river, will be a handsome row of shops opening on the terrace. Independently, however, of the re claimed land thus disposed of, there will be a great number of pet corners and nooks of large pecuniary value, and it will require great vigilance on the Pert of the public, whose money has paid for them, Ind to wh o m they properly belong, to p re vent them b eing jobbed away or otherwise appropriated by private individuals. • vEurfstltexT.)—Consumption, all nervous, bilious, liver, and . gt e gravated andnlach complaints, in every stage, are only ag - perfectly eu accelerated by drugs of every description, but Arabica pondrai:6 as b y Du Barry's health restoring Hevalenta been considered proved by thousands of cases which had Miss LanETe,lB yea ress• We quote a few.—Cure No. 62,914. abandoned all h np :°_ t , a ge, cured after the medical men had consumpt,:ottber recovery from the last stage of pulmonary blood ' fmrful cough, expectoration_ exhaustion, spitting ot o_?de, perspirations, hollow cheeks, emaciated to a skeleton. g . , S he fa now, thank God, a perfectly healthy, blooming, I'olice. Cure, No. 46,270. Air. James Lange, Commissaire de cuaiT,es Roberts, of Frimley Surrey, of thirty years' disease B, C spitting• of blood, liver derangement, and partial deafness.' nervo n u te, No. 47,121. Miss dmenervous tancie alien, indigestion, Elizabetiis J l a o c i o v bs s , pi o r f its 7t a r n e akenis:a—Care, No. gathering hid resisted _. r6edsisted , J ames ,„ .... 54,816. Ihe Bev. I . C ampbell, p of indigestion and torpidity of the liver, which all medical treatment. In tins, 11b, 2s 9d ; 21b, 115; 121 b, 225; 241 b, 40i. Barry du Barry and '‘,., N , O 51b , Regent-street, London ; also Fortnum and Mason; and 7:11 grocers and chemists in every town of the United kingdom, THE GALE, 1 The gales have proved most disastrous to the fleet of steam-ships which are employed in the cattle trade between the several foreign ports of the North of Europe and London, Most of these steamships are strongly built vessels. Their departure from Hamburg, Tenting, Dordt, Rotter dam, and other foreign ports of the North of Europe, is 8 :, arranged that they arrive in th e Th ames i n t h e course may be and Sund a y, so th a t th e i r catt l e an d sheep , some be at the London ma r k e t on th e M on d ay. A flee 10 or 12 of them l e ft th e a b ove por t s i n the course the North Thursday, and on makin g th e i r cours e aerotof Sea they encountered th e ga l es i n a ll their severity. The early on Monday, was thrown on her be am en d s , and,a Chevy Chase, which ca me u p the river e nd remained so, it is stated, for nearly a quar t e r ofan hour with a heavy sea mo mentw it as feared that s h e breaking over her. At one d would not right. When she did so it was found th at a washed overboard, The number of her cattle had been l lost nearly thewholeo f Pilot steamer, from hamburg, o d on board between 600 and 700 p i gs, living cargo. She had h of 500 of t cm are reported to ha ve b een and upwards suffocated in the hold. It i s s t ated that she drownedhada moat or difficult task to reach the port, so high was the sea that swept over her. The storm having in some way moderated, the crew were enabled to get at the dead pigs and throw them overboard. The Tiger steamer, from Twining, also lost a number of her cattle. Her non-arrival for a time created much anxiety, but it has been ascer tained she is safe. The Blenheim, cattle steamer at Har wich, has also suffered from the gales. A telegram from Lowestoft announces that the steamer Roland reached that port yesterday from Hamburg, The Germania steam. ship left Taming on the 29th ultimo with a full complement of cattle on board, and nothing has been heard of her since. It was hoped that some tidings would have been heard of her putting back to Cuxhaven or some other port, but no intelligence has been received concerning her. It is possible that she may have been driven to an extreme northern port. The Helena, from the north, coal laden, bound to the Medway, is reported to have sunk in the Cocklegat, near Yarmouth, and only the master and one man have been saved, In the course of Sunday night a large Austrian brig, called the Anna Maria, from Buenos Ayres for London, loaded with hides, was totally lost on the Girdler sands in making her way to the Thames. The crew are reported to have been saved. The storm appears to have told with most disastrous effect upon the shipping off the Dutch and Danish coast, and many wrecks are reported, some of them being English vessels. CHATHAM, Tuesday Evening. The storm which raged so furiously over this port and neighbourhood from Friday to Sunday, when it abated, broke out again last evening, the wind, which during the day had been moderate, veering round from the southward to the north. Owing, however, to the precautions taken by the masters of vessels the casualties in the harbour and at the Nore were none of them serious. At Saxton-street, New Brompton, the roofs of two houses were carried away by the falling of a heavy stack of chimneys, and in Paget street, adjoining, the exposed end of a house was completely blown out, The effects of the gale were severely felt at the Nore. A portion of the railway terminus at Sheerness was blown away, and considerable damage occasioned. The roof of the newly-erected Soldiers' Institute at Sheerness was also injured. This evening the weather is moderate, with a light breeze from the southward. The barometer has risen to 3065, and there is every appearance that the gale has subsided. PORTSMOUTH, Tuesday. Admiral Fitzroy's warning storm signal yesterday after noon was followed by another violent gale during the night, accowpanied with rain. The barometer from 10 a.m. yes terday until 10 a.m, to-day rose from 28*95 to 2990. This morning the storm has gone down, and the wind has veered round to W. by S. It has been moderately fresh, with a continuous drizzling rain. This forenoon the barometer drooped 2-10ths, but it now shows an inclination to rise again. The Belgian brig Antwerpen, from Buenos Ayres fcr Antwerp, put in here to-day for medics.: aid for the cap.. tain, who had his shoulder dislocated in the gale on Satur day off Start Point. The captain (who has been brought ashore) reports having experienced excessively heavy weather in the Channel 7 p.m.—The Prussian bark Wilhelm, Captain Lonnies, from Sundswall for Bordeaux, has put into Spithead with her rudder split and other damages. GREAT YARMOUTH, Tuesday. A terrific gale from the S.W. burst over this town on Monday night. The wind blew with immense force, and considerable damage has been done in this locality by the uprooting of trees and injury to the roofs of houses. The fleet in the roadstead, however, was uninjured, although there was a heavy sea, especially on the Seroby Sands, in the offing. Several vessels, with loss of spars, bowsprits, masts, and leaky, have been towed iu here and at Lowes toft this morning. The fishing-boat seen bottom upwards is believed to have belonged to Gorlestcn. At noon to-day the crew of the Prudence, schooner, Captain Larraman, of Whitstable, for Rochester, with coals, from Seaham, were landed at the Sailors' Home. This vessel was caught in the gale off the Dudgeon, all her sails were blown to shreds, she made water and the crew took to the pumps. The leak gained so rapidly that the crew were compelled to take refuge in their boat. They were picked up by the brig Caroline, of Colchester, and landed here in a destitute con dition, LOWESTOFT, Monday. The steamship Tonning. Captain George Rivers, and the City of Norwich, Captain John Moore, both from Tonning with cattle for the metropolitan markets, put into this har bour on Monday for refuge. They left Tonning at 10 p.m. on Thursday, and at 7 p.m. on Friday, when about 20 mil es off Schelling, the wind shifted to the westward, and came on to blow with fearful violence the whole of that night, Satur day, and Sunday. They rode out the storm gallantly, but owing to the length of the gale and the rolling of the vessels, their cargoes suffered severely, and on their putting in here a large number both of cattle and sheep were dead, and the remainder injured. From inquiries made on board we find the Tonning has about 185 head of cattle dead or otherwise severely injured, and the City of Norwich about 17o; while the dead and injured sheep on board both vessels number about 200. A large number of English and French fishing boats are seeking refuge in the inner harbour, and the weather is still unsettled. HOLYHEAD, Monday night. A very strong gale came on here this morning, blowing from W. to N., which is the most dangerous quarter for the large number of vessels lying in the roads. About 10 o'clock this morning the bark William Sinclair, from Newry to Cardiff in ballast, owing to some deran;ement in her anchor ing tackle, drifted from her position, but as she happened to have a pilot on board she was run on the Penrhos beach, where she lies dismasted. The mail steamer this morning kept her time remarkably well, though, owing to the ex posed situation of the landing stage, half an hour was con sumed before she could get alongside. SHIELDS, Tuesday Morning, We yesterday experienced the most severe gale we have had from the N.E. this season. It blew with great violence from an early hour in the morning until 10 last night, when the wind suddenly jumped round to N.W., and the storm gradually abated. To-day the weather is remarkably fine upon the Northumberland coast and the sea is going down. A number of light and laden vessels ran into the Tyne for shelter yesterday, and all got in with safety. The Tyn e Commissioners greatly improved Shields harbour by dredg ing in the summer, and the deep water at the mouth of the Tyne was found to be of immense value yester day to shipping, and no doubt was the means of saving both property and life, virtually making the port for the time a harbour of refuge. The only casualty that has occurred north of the Tyno is the loss of the Lion, laden schooner, which was driven to the northward, lost her masts in the gale, and foundered. Her crew were saved by a steamboat. A number of laden vessels sailed from the Tyne on Sunday, and very considerable anxiety prevails lest some of them should have been overlapped by the sea and have foundered. The steamships from London have arrived here to-day. Several screg colliers were observed yesterday and the day before at anchor in roadsteads along the coast, sheltered from the storm. LEITH. The screw steamship Vienna arrived in Leith from Ham burg on Saturday afternoon. She encountered a dreadful hurricane on the passagcf, but more particularly on Friday, while the r day after leaving Hamburg, when the vessel was in no Biuttale danger. There were 22 prime oxen on board, which greatly on. the voyage. Several of them were killed, them all the others were more or less injured, and some of _.. had to be killed before being removed from the ship, as nable to walk. The living animals and the skinned and dre con those slaughtered on board of the ship were ° eyed to th e Leith slaughter-house, where the animals taken there alive with the view of were slaughtered and all the carcasses , Subsequently an inspection was made were suitable for a seertaining how many of the c arcasse s of others were humanc onderaneefo" and seven of them an d p ar t s The cattle were shipped by a loss sust a i ne d b y hi m, we under- Captain Mackie, foreig gentlema n , t stand, n will be above a artdhe s£o2hoo. th While th e s t eamer O s b orne, e from Rotterdam to Leith, those on board discovere'Sosarsta schooner g with signals of distress flying, about 17 tulles s th v e ery stormy and a of the Lemon Tower Bank. The woather at the time N il ,„ sea was running. On nearing launched from the Osborne, which proceeded a ' , oat was heavy vesae:, and at much risk took off the erew,ed. to the disabled of ight in number. The schooner turned out to be the Lion London, James Lumsdon, master, bound from Shields with a carg o of coals, At the time she was discovered, she was lying i n i he - i . of the sea dismasted, with everything swept from her decks,reh and the crew in a state of exhaustation from working the pumps. The men were taken to Leith by the Osborne, and will be forwarded to their homes by the Shipw rec k ed Mariners' Society.—Scetsman. Darn°, Monday Afternoon. _ _ , For the past thre e n i g ht s the storm wa , very severely felt in Cornwall. In numerous instances wheat and other stacks have been blown d own , an d t h e qua ntity of grain in the straw which has been scattered will cause many farmers severe loss. Stores of fine old timber trees, within five miles of Truro, have been literally torn up by the roots. The rain has descended in torrents, and hail has fallen larger in size and quantity, and with greater force than is recollected to have been the case for years. Scores of panes of glass have been broken. To-day the weather has been no calmer. At 2 1.5 the wind is blowing a perfect gales, and the rain is failingheavily. The shipping on the coast has sustained con siderable damage, but no fatal accident has been reported. THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 4, 1863. Treaty of Commerce with Italy, (From the London Gazette) The following is the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between her Majesty and the King of Italy, which was signed at Turin on the 6th of August, 1863, and the ratifications of which were exchanged at London on the 29th October, 1863: In the name of the Most Holy and Indivisible Trinity. Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and his Majesty the King of Italy, being desirous of extending and facilitating the relations of commerce between their respective dominions and subjects, have resolved to conclude a treaty for that purpose, and have named as their respective plenipotentiaries, that is to say : Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, &c., Sir James Hudson, Knight Com mander of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath, her Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipoten tiary to his Majesty the King of Italy; And his Majesty the King of Italy, Giovanni Manna, Senator of the Kingdom, Grand Officer of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, Minister Secretary of State for Agriculture, Industry, and Commerce; Who, after having communicated to each other their re spective full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles : Art. I—There shall be between ail the dominions and possessions of the two high contracting parties, reciprocal freedom of commerce and navigation. The subjects of each of the two contracting parties, respectively, shall have liberty freely and securely to come, with their ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers in the dominions and possessions of the other to which other foreigners are or may be permitted to come, and shall, throughout the whole extent of the dominions and possessions of the other, enjoy the same rights, privileges, liberties, favours, immunities, and exemptions in matters of commerce and navigation which aro or may be enjoyed by native subjects generally. Art. 2—No other or higher duties shall be imposed on the importation into the dominions and possessions of her Britannic Majesty of any article the produce or manufac ture of the dominions and possessions of his Majesty the King of Italy, from whatever place arriving, and no other or higher duties shall be imposed on the importation into the dominions and possessions of his Majesty the King of Italy of any article the produce or manufacture of her Britannic Majesty's dominions and possessions, from what ever place arriving, than are or may be payable on the like article, the produce or manufacture of any other foreign country ; nor shall any prohibition be maintained or im posed on the importation of any article the produce or ma nufacture of the dominions and possessions of either of the contracting parties into the dominions and possessions of the other, which shall not entirely extend to the importa tion of the like articles being the produce or manufacture of any other country. His Majesty the King of Italy further engages that he will not prohibit the importation into his dominions and possessions of any article the produce or manufacture of the dominions and possessions of her Britannic Majesty, from whatever place arriving. Art. 3—No other or higher duties or charges shall be imposed in the dominions and possessions of either of the contracting parties, on the exportation of any article to the dominions and possessions of the other, than such as are or may be payable on the exportation of the like article to any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the exportation of any article from the dominions and possessions of either of the two contracting parties to the dominions and possessions of the other which shall not equally extend to the exportation of the like article to any other country. Art. 4—The subjects of one of the contracting parties shall enjoy, in the dominions and possessions of the other, equality of treatment with native subjects in all that relates to the transit trade, and also in regard to warehousing, bounties, facilities, and drawbacks. Art. s—All articles which are or may be legally im portable into the port or dominions and possessions of her Britannic Majesty in British vessels may likewise be im ported into those ports in Italian vessels without being liable to any other or higher duties or charges, of whatever deno mination, than if such articles were imported iu British vessels ; and reciprocally, all articles which are or may be legally importable into the ports of the dominions and pos sessions of his Majesty the King of Italy in Italian vessels maylikewise be imported into those ports in British vescels without being liable to any other or higher duties or charges, of whatever denomination, than if such articles were imported in Italian vessels. Such reciprocal equality of treatment shall take effect without distinction, whether such articles come directly from the place of origin or from any other place. In the same manner there shall be perfect equality of treatment in regard to exportation, so that the same export duties shall be paid, and the same bounties and drawbacks allowed, in the dominions and possessions of either of the contracting parties, on the exportation of any article which is or may be legally exportable therefrom, whether such ex portation shall take place in Italian or British vessels, and whatever may be the place of destination, whether a port of either of the contracting parties or of any third power. Art. 6—No duties of tonnage, harbour, pilotage, light house, quarantine, or other similar or corresponding duties, of whatever nature, or under whatever denomination, levied in the name or for the profit of Government, public func tionaries, private individuals, corporations, or establish ments of any kind, shall be imposed in the ports of the dominions and possessions of either country upon the vessels of the other country which shall not equally and under th 3 same conditions be imposed in the like cases on national vessels in general. Such equality of treatment shall apply reciprocally to the respective vessels, from whatever port or place they may arrive, and whatever may be their place of destination. Art. 7—ln all that regards the stationing, loading, and unloading of vessels in the ports, basins, docks, roadsteads, harbours, or rivers of the dominions and possessions of the two countries, no privilege shall be granted to national ves sels which shall not be equally granted to vessels of the other country ; the intention of the contracting parties being that in this respect also the respective vessel shall be treated on the footing of perfect equality. Art B—The contracting parties agree that, in regard to the coasting trade, the vessel and subjects of each contract ing party shall enjoy, in the dominions and possessions of the other, the same privileges, and shall be treated in all respects in the same wanner as national vessels and native subjects. The provisions of this Article shall, however, as re spects the colonial coasting trade, be deemed to extend only to the coasting trade of such of the colonial possessions of her Britannic Majesty as may have petitioned or may here after petition her Majesty, under the provisions of the Act relating thereto, to throw open their coasting trade to foreign vessels. Art. 9—All vessels which, according to British law, are to be deemed British vessels, and all vessels which according to Italian law are to be deemed Italian vessels, shall for the purposes of this treaty be deemed British and Italian vessels respectively. Art. 10 —The contracting parties agree that in all matters relative to commerce and navigation any privilege, favour, or immunity whatever, which either contracting party has actually granted, or may hereafter grant, to the subjects or citizens of any other State, shall be extended immediately and unconditionally to the subjects or citizens of the other contracting party, it being their intention that the trade and navigation of each country shall be placed, in all respects, by the other on the footing of the most favoured nation. Art. 11--Any import duty levied ad valorem in the terri tories of his Majesty the King of Italy shall be calculated on the value at the place of production or fabrication of the object imported, with the addition of the cost of transport, insurance, and commission necessary for the importation into Italy, its dominions and possessions, as far as the port of discharge. For the levying of these duties the importer shall make a written declaration at the Custom-house, stating the value and description of the goods imported, with the addition aforesaid. If the Custom-house authorities shall be of opinion that the declared value is insufficient they shall be at liberty to take the goods on paying to the importer the price declared with an addition of 5 per cent. This payment, together with the restitution of any duty which may have been levied upon such goods, shall be made 15 days following the declaration. Art. 12—The subjects of each of the contracting parties shall have, in the dominions and possessions of the other, the same rights as native subjects in regard to trade-marks and designs of every description applicable to articles of manufacture. Art. 13—It shall be free for each of the contracting parties to appoint Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and consular agents to reside in the towns and ports of the dominions and possessions of the other. Such Consuls- General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and consular agents, how ever, shall not enter upon their functions until after they shall have been approved and admitted in the usual form, by the Government to which they are sent. They shall exercise whatever functions and enjoy whatever privileges, exemptions, and immunities are or shall be granted there to Consuls of the most favoured nation. Art. 14—The s ubj ec t s o f eac h of the contracting parties conforming themselves to th e l aws o f t h e country 1, Shall have full liberty, with their families, to enter, travel, or reside in any part of the dominions and posses sions of the other contracting party. 2. They shall be permitted to hire or possess the houses, manufactories, warehouses, shops, and premises which may be necessary for them. 3. They may carry on their commerce, either in person or by any agents whom they may think fit to employ. 4. They shall not be subject, in respect of their pers , : dis or property, or in respect of passports, licences for r.sidenee or establishment, nor in respect of their co,:dinerce or in dustry, to any taxes, whether general or local, nor to im posts or obligations of any kind whatever, other or greater than those which are or, may be i m p ose d upon native sub jects. Art. 15—Th© subjects of each of the contracting parties in the dominions and possessions of the other shall be ex empted from all compul sorya service whatever, whether in the army, navy, or national They shall be equally exempted from all judicial or m guard or mi un a. i cipal functions whatever : ad won as from all contributions, whether pecuniary or in kind, imposed as a compensation for personal service; and, finally, from forced loans and military exactions or requisitions. Art. - 16—The subjects of each of the contracting parties in the dominions and possessions of the other shall be at full liberty to acquire, pcssess, and dispose of every description of property which the laws of the country may permit any foreigners, of whatsoever nation, to acquire and possess. They may acquire and dispose of the same, whether by purchase, sale, donation, exchange, marriage, testament, succession ab intestate, or in any other manner, under the same conditions as are established by the laws of the coun try for all foreigners. Their heirs and representatives may succeed to, and take possession of, such property, either in person or by agents acting on their behalf, in the same manner and in the same legal forms as subjects of the coun try. In the absence of heirs and representatives, the pro perty shall be treated in the same manner as the like pro perty belonging to the subjects of the country under similar circumstances. In none of these respects shall they pay upon the value of such property any other or higher impost, duty, or charge than is payable by subjects of the country. In every case the subjects of the contracting parties shall be permitted to export their property, or the proceeds thereof, if sold, freely and without being kubjected on such exportation to pay any duty as foreigners, ur any other or higher duties than those to which subjects of the country are liable under similar circumstances. Art. 17—The dwellings, manufactories, warehouses, and shops of the subjects of eaeh of the contracting parties in the dominions and possessions of the other, and all pre mises appertaining hereto, destined for purposes of residence or commerce shall le respected. If there should be occasion to make a search of or a domiciliary visit to such dwellings and premises. or tc examine or inspect books, papers, or accounts, such measure shall be executed only in conformity with the legal warant or order in writing of a tribunal, or of the competent aithority, The subjects of each of the two contracting parties in the dominions and possessions of the other shall have free ac cess to the courts of justice for the prosecution and defence of their rights. Taey shall enjoy in this respect the same rights and privilege as subjects of the country, and shall, like them, be at liberty to employ in all causes their advo cates, attorneys, os agents from among the persons admitted to the exercise of those professions according to the laws of the country. Art. 18—Any ship of war or merchant vessel of either of the contracting parties which may be compelled by stress of weather or by accident to take shelter in a port of the other shall be at liberty to refit therein, to procure all neces sary stores, and to pat to sea again, without paying any dues other than such as would be payable in a similar case by a national vessel. In ease, however, the master of a merchant vessel should be unier the necessity of disposing of a part of his merchandise in order to defray his expenses, he shall be bound to conforn to the regulations and tariffs of the place to which he tuay have come. If any ship of war or merchant vessel of one of the con tracting parties should run aground or be wrecked upon the coasts of the other, such ship or vessel, and all parts there of, and all furniture and appurtenances belonging thereunto, and all goods and merchandise saved therefrom, including any which may have been cast into the sea, or the proceeds thereof, if sold, as well as all papers found on board such stranded or wrecked ship or vessel, shall be given up to the owners or their agents when claimed by them. If there are no such owners or agents on the spot, then the same shall be delivered to the British or Italian Consul General, or Vice-Consul in whose district the wreck or stranding may have taken place upon being claimed by him within the period fixed by the laws of the couctry ; and such Consuls, owners, or agents shall pay only the expenses incurred in the preservation of the property, together with the salvage or other expenses which would have been payable in the like case of a wreck of a national vessel. The goods and merchandise saved from the wreck shall be exempt from all duties of Customs, unless cleared for consumption, in which case they shall pay the same rate of duty as it' they had been imported in a national vessel. In the case either of a vessel being driven in by stress of weather, run agroun d, or wrecked, tOe respective C onsu l- General, C onsu l s, Vi ce . Consuls, and Consular ag en t s s h a ll , if the owner or master or other agent of the owner is not present, or is present and requires it, be authorised to inter pose in order to afford the necessary assistance to their fel low -countrymen. Art. 19—The Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular agents of each of the contracting parties re siding in the dominions and possessions of the other shall receiva from the local authorities such assistance as can by law be given to them for the recovery of deserters from the vessels of their respective countries. Art. 20—The present treaty of commerce and navigation, when ratified, shall be substituted for the treaties in force between the high contracting parties—namely, those con cluded on the sth of April, 1847, and the 30th of December, 1854, between Great Britain and Tuscany, and on the 29th of April, 1845, between Great Britain and the Two Sicilies, and on the 27th of February, 1851, and the 9th of August, 1854, between Great Britain and Sardinia, and shall remain in force for ten years from the date of the exchange of the ratifications, and, further,until the expiration of 12 months after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the same, each of the contracting parties being at liberty to give such notice to the other at the expiration of the first 9 years, or at any time afterwards. Art. 21—The present treaty shr4ll be ratified,and the rati fications shall be exhanged at London in six weeks, or sooner if possible, In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same, and have affixed thereto the seal of their arms. Turin, Aug. 6. JAMES HUDSON, GIOVANNI MANNA. LAW INTELLIGENCE, Nov, 3. VICE-CHANCELLORS' COURTS. (Before Vice-Chancellor Wood.) HUTTON V. EEETON.—BEETON V. M‘MURRAY. His Honour this morning finally delivered judgment in these causes. The facts which have already been reported, are chiefly as follows :—ln the month of October, 1860, J. G. Shipley and John Hutton were entered at Somerset House as the sole proprietors of the Sporting Life and Eclipse, subject to two mortgages of Shipley's share to M'Murray, the well-known paper-maker,who in that capa• city became acquainted with Beeton. In February, 1861, Shipley became bankrupt, and shortly afterwards M'Murray, on behalf of Hutton, sold to Beeton one half of the above newspapers, and of his interest in the lease of No. 149, Fleet-street, fixtures, type, &c., for the sum of £4,325 ; and on the 19th of March following, Hutton and Beeton were entered at Somerset House as sole proprietors of the Sporting _Life and _Eclipse, subject to two mortgages to M'Murray. Beeton's statement was that from that time Hutton ceased to take a share in the management of the papers, and in May fellow ing he (Beeton) purchased for the same sum as before the remaining moiety ; that on the papers under his own good management, having become valuable, Hutton, in July, 1862, demanded from him an account of profits, which he refused to give ; and that thereupon Hut ton filed his bill praying for a dissolution of partnership, as from Oct,, 1862, for an account, and for the appointment of a receiver. Hutton's case was that M'Murray had no authority to sell his (Hutton's) share, and that he had bought the other share from l‘l'Murray for £1,500. Becton then filed his bill against M'Murray for specific perfor mance. 11I'Murray's case was that he contracted to sell the second moiety to Hutton, and that it was that that was the subject of the sale to Beeton. His Honour dismissed Hutton's bill, with costs ; and as to Beeton's, ho granted a decree for specific performance as prayed, and an account of what remained due to M'Murray in respect of the purchase money, M'Murray to pay the plaintiff the costs of the suit. In both causes the above to be the decree, unless his Honour intimated to the contrary at the sitting of the court in. the term. The Attorney-General, Mr. Bacon, Q C., Sir H. Cairns, Q.C., Mr. MalMs, Q.C., Mr. Terrell, Mr, S wanston, and Mr. Karslake. were the counsel engaged. WOLFE V. HAMILTON AND OTHERS. This was an application of a most extraordinary nature. Mr. Sergeant Ballantine said that he moved for a criminal information for conspiracy on the part of Mr. Wolfe against Mr. Hamilton and two other men named Til ley and Witney. It was a case of the most gross and un paralleled persecution that had ever been heard of in this country. It may be remembered that in the month of August last a person of the name of Dietrichstein com mitted a fraud on certain brokers in the City by procur ing bonds by means of forged cheques, and raising money on the bonds, Mr. Hamilton, the chief of the detective department in the City, applied to Mr. Wolfe, a gentle man who has resided for upwards of thirty years in Lon don, and on whom, the learned counsel said, not an impu tation had ever rested, fur any information which he might be able to give relative to Dietrichstein. Mr. Wolfe told him that he had not seen Dietrichstein since last July, and that he knew nothing whatever about him. The next day two men were seen watching Mr. \Voile's house, and fr om th a t ti me t o t hi s h o h a d been subject to the most intolerabl e p ersecu ti on , Th e y h a d f o llowed him wher ever he went, they took up their positions close to the house, had beer b':bught to them there, they explained to the neigh b - e ours tt) cause of their conduct, and, in fact, annoyed Mr. olfe to such an extent that he committed a trifling assault on them one day, and was forthwith taken before a police magistrate, where he was fined 10s., and re-delivered into the hands of persecutors. Nor did did it end here ; for, said the learned sergeant, " when Mr. Hamilton came to consult me, they followed him to the hallowed precincts of the Temple." Mr. Hamilton had refused to assign any reason for his conduct, a nd it was with the utmost difficulty that the names and addresses of the subordinates could be ex tracted front him at the police court. They had even fol lowed Mr. Wolfe and a friend into the country, when they took drive one Sunday, and one of them had mounted be the cab in which they rode. Acting under advice, Mr. Vi l 4 e dfe had gone. ,to Frankfort, there to remain until the sit ting of this court, but even there he was not free from his tormentors. The Lord Chief Justice—We think you have said quite enough to entitle you to a rule nisi, COURT OF EXCHEQUER. (Sittings in Banco before the Lord Chief Baron, Mr. Baron Bramwell, Mr. Baron Channell, and Mr. Baron Pigott.) SEIZURE OF THE SHIP ALEXANDRA - TH E ATTORNEY GENERAL V. SILLIAN AND OTHERS. This was an information, containing 90 counts, filed by her Majesty's Attorney-General, with a view of obtaining on the part of the Crown a condemnation of the vessel, as well as imposing penalties or imprisonment upon certain persons concerned in the equipping, fitting out, or furnish ing of the ship contrary to the pro visions of the Foreign. Enlistment Act. It will be remembered that after a very protracted trial the jury found a verdict for the defendants, the Attorney-General tendering a bill of exceptions to the ruling of the Lord Chief Baron, before whom the case was tried. The Attorney-General (with whom were the Solicitor- General and Mr. Thomas Jones) now applied to their lord ships to enlarge the time for applying to the Court for a new trial, beyond the usual four days, in case it should happen that the Lord Chief Baron should refuse to sign the bill of exceptions tendered at the trial. _ The Attorney-General, in addressing the Court, said — It will be in the recollection of your lordship that at the trial you laid down views which you thought ought to govern the jury as to the construction of the Foreign Enlist ment Act. Your Lordships did so in a manner which we thought perfectly intelligible to all persons. There was no difference whatever in the understanding of your Lordship's ruling on the part of the counsel for the Crown, and we had no reason to suppose it was otherwise as regards the counsel for the defendants, or that it was generally understood in any sense other than that in which we understood it. At the end of the trial we expressed a wish to offer exceptions to that ruling, and were told that it was not necessary at all to stand upon the usual form. Your Lordship said, " I will accept any bill of exceptions you choose to tender;" and accordingly after the verdict we wrote out the principal points which we understood he had laid down, buthis Lord ship said we were not bound by what passed on that occa sion, and that the matter could be easily settled. The case involved a point of very great importance, and it was most fit and desirable that exceptions should be tendered, in order that the case might be argued before a Cuurt of Error, and, if necessary, before a still higher tribunal. We are most anxious that the question should be raised and determined, and we have no reason to doubt that the other side is equally so, but hitherto there have been difficulties in arriving at any form of exception which we can zely upon as certain to re ceive the signature of his Lordship. We sincerely hope that these difficulties may be overcome. We are in comuiunica tion with the counsel on the other side, who have in their possession the form of exception we propose, and we trust that an agreement in writing may be arrived at with them, or, if that should not happen, that his Lordship, on being applied to, will settle such a form of a bill of exceptions as will raise the real question to be determined in a way satis factory to both parties and useful to the public. The Lord Chief Baron—l think it right to state that I see no prospect whatever of any change in the view I took as to my duty in deciding upon the bill of exceptions. A correspondence has passed between myself and the late Attorney-General which probably you may have seen. You were not present during the whole of the trial. So far from my laying down the law, as the bill of exceptions tendered to me assumed, I took particular pains to avoid anything, of the kind. I had originally during the argument of Sir Hugh Cairns at one part of the trial entertained an impres sion—l called it no more—that all the expressions in the Foreign Enlistment Act, '• equipping," " fitting out," and so on, probably meant the same thing, and were to be re ferred to the verbiage of an act of Parliament, just in the some way as the words '• ship" or " vessel," which are com monly used in statutes, and are no doubt intended to mean the same thing. But the late Attorney General in his ad dress referred to a case in an American Court, with an appeal to a superior Court where the decision below was affirmed. It was, I thiuk, a case in which the vessel was completely prepared in every respect, with the exception of being armed. When I came to sum up I mentioned that case to the jury, and commended so far as to say I adopted it. I left it to them, and pointed out what had fallen from the counsel as to the law on the subject, not what I consi dered was the law. I then finally left the question to them, in the alternative using the very words of the act of Parlia ment. If you think, I said, this vessel was "armed," or " equipped," or " fitted out," or intended to be armed," or fitted out or equipped, your verdict must be for the Crown ; if not, it must be for the defendants. Now, the Attorney- General presented to me a bill of exceptions, by which I was said to have told the jury that the vessel mast be armed, and that if it was not armed there was no offence. I not only did not tell the jury so, but if you read the shorthand writer's notes of the trial I think you will say no person can have any doubt that I left the question as I have just stated it. But probably the object you have in view may be attained by a motion without any reference to a bill of exceptions. It is true no point was reserved at the trial so as to give you a right of appeal in the event of the rest of the Court concurring with me in the direction 1 gave to the jury. But this is a matter of so much importance I do not know whether I cau pledge the whole Court in this respect ; but certainly it would be very much to bo lamented, however unanimous this Court might be, if we did not give you what we have the power of doing—an appeal to a supe rior Court. The Attorney-General—l understand you have no power by Act of Parliament to give an opinion unless there be a difference of opinion among your lordships. _ The Lord Chief Baron.—That is not so. We have the power of granting an appeal, and I must say, as far as I am concerned, however unanimous and strong the Court may be in point of law, if you wish an appeal, you will certainly have my voice in favour of granting it. Baron Bramwell—l understand the difficulty to be that the Common Law Procedure Act does not apply to a case of this kind. You are apprehensive that the Lord Chief Baron will decline to sign the bill of exceptions in the form in which you have tendered it, and if you move for a new trial on the ground that he directed the jury wrongly, and he reports that he did not so direct them, we could not grant a rule for a new trial under these circumstances. That is the sort of difficulty in which you are placed. The Attorney-General—We have merely on the bill of exceptions adopted the liters sertpta which we have here. I am not aware that even a learned judge is able to interpret his own words on an application for a new trial in a sense different from that which they really mean. Baron Bramwell—We ought not to depart from the ordi nary practice of taking the judge's interpretation of the words in which he directed the jury. The Lord Chief Baron—l will read the shorthand writer's notes as to what I left to the jury :—" The ques tion is," I said, "was there any intention in the port of Liverpool or any other port that the ship should be in the language of the Act of Parliament, equipped, fitted out, or armed with the object of taking part in any contest." I also said, "If you think that the object was to equip, furnish, fit out, or arm that vessel at Liverpool, then there is suffi cient matter for your consideration ; but if you think the object really was to build a vessel in obedience to orders, and in compliance with a contract, leaving it to those who brought it to make what use they thought fit of it, then it appears to me that the Foreign Enlistment Act has not in any degree been broken. I leave you to find that by your verdict." The Attorney- General—Your Lordship said that you would not bind the Attorney-General to what passed on that occasion—that he could not alter the thing then. The version which the then Attorney-General had given at the time of the Lord Chief Baron's ruling was not contradicted. The Lord Chief Baron—The question now is, what course you can take consistent with the views of the Court. If you wish to move for a new trial on the ground that the jury ought net to have found the verdict that they have, the Court will entertain that application ; but if you mean to reserve to yourself the power of making a motion for a new trial on a point of law, having tendered a bill of excep tions containing that or some other point, I do not think the Court would consent to that course. The Attorney-General—My application is now simply to have the time for moving for a new trial enlarged, so that both sides may agree as to what your Lordship said to the jury as to the interpretation of the statute. We believe the finding of the jury was following upon your interpre tation of the statute. The Lord Chief Baron—Nothing of the kind. The Attorney-General—Then, both sides are under a misapprehension, and it is their common wish to raise the point by a bill of exceptions if possible. We ask you to enlarge the time beyond the four days ; and if, in the meantime, we do not get your Lordship's signature to the bill of exceptions, I will move for a new trial. Baron Bramwell—We have no power in the Act to allow more than four days except by your making the motion for a new trial and then adjourningit, but that would not answer your purpose. The Attorney-General said that, as this was only the se cond day allowed for moving, by the fourth day they would have considered whether the case could be brought within the Common Law Procedure Act, and mention the case again, or take further steps in the matter, Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur chasing Horniman's pure Tea; very choice at 3s. 4d. and 4s. " High Standard "at 4s. 4d. (formerly 4s. Bd.), is the strongest and most delicious imported. Agents in every town supply it in wickets. [ADVERTISEMENT.] —Holloway's Pills.---Nervous Dets is orders.—Derangement of the nervous sy stem totally ups all human comfort, and unless speedi l y rectified, leads to d serious indisposition. The purify in g . alterative, an strengthening qualities of these well-known pills render them remarkably efficacious in those various and painful affections which attack the nerves, as neuralgia, hysterics, and habitual low spirits. Holloway's pills cool the body, clean the tongue, regulate the liver, and so strengthen the stomach and bowels that they are enabled to perform their offices regularly and steadily. This medicine never causes any lain, or in the slightest degree annoys persons of the most relaxed, delicate, and irritable habits. Holloway's pills are small, tasteless, and es.,ily swallowed when an ordinary sized pill could not, SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. -"TIMES.—For the people of the last generation ' the world still contained a wonder. In the remote East, beyond even the unknown regions of China, there existed an Empire enveloped in impenetrable mystery. It was anorgenieed State or high antiquity, vast wealth, and advanced civilisation. It was in habited by a numerous population more than usually intelligent, and yet not a living soul from any foreign country was allowed to set foot on its shores. This immense community was absoltirely secluded from the rest of the world like a huge monastery. Nobody could gain admission to it, or escape with his life if accident threw him near its people. The Dutch alone of all the nations in the world were permitted to enjoy a species of indi rect and distant intercourse with it, and this inter course was so strangely regulated as to leave the mystery more profound than before. Once in a year two Dutch ships proceeded to a certain rendez vous, where they were met by two ships of this marvellous Empire. The cargoes of the vessels were then exchanged, and the squadrons returned to their respective ports. This was all that could be known of Japan, and yet such was the in genuity of its inhabitants that their manufac tures found their way to our firesides, and left a mark on our household vocabularies. The two great Empires of the East gave names to our commonest chattels, and we spoke of our lackered wares as " Japanned," while we called our crockery " China." Curious writers used to speculate on the possible institutions or customs of this wonderful State, and those who believed that the world held no regions yet to be discovered amused themselves by remarking that there was still a country to be unveiled. The veil has now been lifted, and to very strange purpose indeed. We have found out what kind of an empire Japan is, and we fear it is almost a natural consequence that we are at war with it. Japan is more like China than any other country, and yet very different from China. In China the polity is absolutely monarchical, and there pro bably never was a State in which the monopoly of power was more complete. But in Japan this result has not been yet attained. There feudalism is do minant, and the distribution of power resembles that prevailing in European kingdoms four or five cen turies ago. The singularity, however, of the case consists in this—that a succession of institutions can be traced, one over another, still preserved. There are two Sovereigns in Japan, just as in Merovingian France there was a King, and under him a Minister who was more King than his master. There is also a very powerful aristocracy, and the Princes of Japan are as rich and as formidable as the old Dukes of Normandy or Burgundy. But this aristocracy and this double monarchy all exist together, so that to get anything like a parallel from European history we should have to compound the France of the Childeberts with the France of Charles VII. At the very time that a British Minister is bewildered in his negotiations by " the anomalous state of political rule in Japan," our Admiral finds a Japanese nobleman enthroned in an opulent principality, with a strong seaport, a fleet of steamers, fortifications mounting the most approved modern ordnance, and a luxurious palace ebout 50 miles inland. The whole cast of the war between England and Japan turns upon the pre tensions of the class to which this nobleman belongs, The " Daimios," as they are called, or the great feudal nobles of Japan, claim, it is said, the privilege of having even a public road to themselves when they choose to travel upon it. On the 14th of September last year Mr. Richardson, an English man who happened to be in Japan, was riding on one of the high roads in company with two or three friends when they encountered a Daimio and his retinue. The retainers of the Prince fell upon the party immediately, and Mr. Richardson was killed. It was for this murder that Prince Satsuma was called to account in the recent operations of our fleet, and the case lies in an unusually small com pass. The Japanese Government not only acknow ledged the justice of oar demands when redress was claimed, bat proceeded to satisfy them so far as it could. The apology which we required was given, and the fine which we asked was paid. But when we came to deal with the offending Daimio our claims were eluded. The Prince's Ministers argued that, though the Supreme Go vernment of the Empire might have given us by treaty certain rights of travelling on the high roads, these rights ought to have been subordinated to the inalienable privileges of the nobles of the land, and that though the casualty in question might be deplorable in itself, it was but a natural incident of the mistake made by the English party in confront iug a Daimio on progress. This view of the case has actually found acceptance among . the English in China, for we read in one of their Journals a serious lamentation over the folly or perverseness by which so fatal a risk was incurred. It is not alleged that Mr. Richardson and his friends were doing anything but what they had a right to do by treaty, or that they conducted themselves in any way pro • vokingly or offensively, except by meeting a nobleman on the road. The only prerogative which they infringed was the Daimios' preroga tive of monopolising a highway to the exclu sion of all impertinent intruders. When a Daimio rides abroad other people should stay at home, just as the " Arabian Nights " tell us that all the inhabitants of Bagdad were ordered to confine themselves to their houses when the Sultan's daugh ter was going to the baths. That is the claim ad vanced on behalf of the Daimios. Mr. Richardson, it is said, was unfortunate in paying the penalty with his lite, but his own ignorance or hardihood led him into the danger. It might very well be a question whether the recognition of such extrava gant privileges as these could consist with that right of residence in Japan which British subjects have now acquired, bat to say the truth we do not believe a word of the argument. We do not believe either that the Daimios could establish their title to such privileges, or that as a matter of fact Mr. Richardson was killed for infringing them. The Japanese Govern ment itself put in no such plea for its feudatory. The Ministers of Prince Satsuma do not venture to advance it so nakedly as it has been advanced for them. They merely remark that the Daimio found his path impeded, and that his retainers accidentally killed a person in clearing the way somewhat rudely of the intruders, This defence would liken the affair to as affray between Leslies and Seytons in the High-street of Edinburgh or a faction fight in Ire- L.,nd brought on by a fortuitous collision- his need- Less, however, to observe that no such account can hold good of an onslaught made by a retinue of 200 ' ruffians on three gentlemen and a lady. We have no doubt that a Daimio expects people to get out of his way; but the true offence of this unfortunate party was that they were foreigners. That spirit which for two centuries kept all the world out of Japan still survives, as it would naturally survive longest, in the aristocracy of the Empire. The fear or hatred or jealousy of strangers which is found in every barbarous race lives in the breast of the Japa nese Princes, and the detested spectacle of a party of foreigners induced the Daimio and his retainers to seize what they thought a colourable opportu nity of committing murder. They did simply what the villagers of every Chinese hamlet used to do to every foreigner they caught, what the tribes of Central Africa do to all travellers, what the savages of Hawaii did to Captain Cook. They sot upon the objects of their abomination to kill them, and then, when they found themselves called to ac count, they invented the best excuses they wild. The Japanese Government is probably innocent. 'The guilt was that of a noble far exalted above tiae Sovereign's displeasure. We have reached this Pritece through the accident of his residence on the sea, as d we have punished him as far as we could. It is to be hoped that the example will deter others from offer: ding, but the obligation resting upon us is none other than that which follows us to every settlement made in a barbarous country. We exact treaty concessions from the Government, but the Government cannot control the people, and offences are given which leave us with the alternative of quitting the piece altogether or fighting for our safety. POST.—As the conv of a ship that is sinking within eight of land watch now looking towards Paris. The Poles have, we he lights on shore, so it; Poland fear, been led to entertain that can not be immediately realise d• and, Nv"tts expectations whhiche alternative, oP is always strongest when ci.gs eh are to an they are waiting for the woe' (18hweir doom. They nounce their salvation or sign pair is hi r have, in fact, assigned to the E k 9 alone. If, as uiet ,or of the French a mission he is not called to ttnde p rta due to treaties, it is the three great Powers of Europe have averred, Russia has forgotten t he respect the law of not for one of those Powers to enforce A nations at its own cost. At the same time, if the he o bservance f " o treaties which Emperor had determined to interfere for the in upholding , no other Power would pose of compelling all _ the Sovereigns of Europe, the he is, perhaps, of a concerneditted to throw any impediment in his Polish question now stands, France, leastha e beAs as ethnet way h ande developed n o doubt we take it, is free to act upon her own inspirations. But, y t 0 desirous carry out as the the enlightened Emperor may ol b ic e, in the liberation of Italy, he could nise, and to take into his m serious consideration, the magnitude and the difficulty of theproblem that has to be resolv e d in Poland. For our own part we cannot help thinking that many of the difficulties which now beset this question might have been got rid of by a more earnest representation of the prin ciples on which the three Powers based their protest. We cannot accept the rule which has been laid down, that, unless a Power is prepared to enforce its pro test by a declaration of war, it ought to bate its breath and moderate or supprees its honest indigna tion. On the contrary, we have always understood that it was the office of diplomacy to exhaust the refr sources of remonstrance before war was resorted to ; and, in the present instance, if the conduct of Russia called for reprobation at all, it invited the sternest and most uncompromising animadversion. The wrong complained of was no common wrong ; th e ' breach of faith was flagrant and audacious; the lavr of humanity and the law of nations were alike de: fiantly violated. Such crimes were not to be washed out with rose-water. Their enormity demanded the a pplication of language which could leave no doubt of the disgust their perpetration had inspired. VII: happily, however, truth and vigour were sacrificed to procure an identity of expression, and the si 7 t points were put with all the formality, but With none of the force, of au ultimatum. Earl Russell and Count Rechberg stood in the position of sure ties to Russia that the Conqueror of Solferino should not break the peace of Europe, and the ir identical action was rather a source of embarrass' ment than an element of strength. If, indeed, th e three Powers had resolved to enforce their roper'" strance, the combination would have been fortnie able ; but, as a friendly intervention, it failed t° convey to Russia in plain terms what—as we cars only answer for ourselves—the English Govera: ment, interpreting the public opinion of Englalle: thought of her treatment of Poland. The n ationw indignation was watered down into courteous ex: pressions of regret; what was written in Paris Wel' rewritten in London, and revised at Vienna; 1 ,0 u; as was inevitable in such a process, the truth g re r , fine by degrees and wretchedly less. Of course 1" was proper to observe the forms of diplomatic CO respondence ; and when Lord Palmerston wa g . e ` the Foreign-office he found it possible, in wr itil l on this same question, to express the sentiment s the country he represented with force and sit ) ; qu ence, without deviating from the establis he d rules of official politeness. But, except for the W i t l3 .: ing the failure embalms for the benefit of poste r tr this citicism comes too late. France and Englatt a !, we make sure, have had enough of these poli tic, ' partnerships with limited liability for some time politic,' , come. It is far more important now to look the re ' sults fairly and boldly in the face. The three Power ° have met with an exceedingly disagreeable check Poland, hoping against hope, will in a few 11 1 0/ hours learn that, for all save the moral support wh ic h cannot help her in her actual strait, she has only t ° trust in the God of battles and to her own despair' ing courage. As regards the repulse, or the insult! or whatever else it can be called, all we have : say is, that, as far as it affects England, must bear it as well and as patiently as we el able. It is, let us try to suppose, one of the 01 voidable accidents which happen every now led then. But the less that is said about it the b ette it To talk of our good intentions is only rubbing s t, upon our sores. As respects Poland, however , must own to a feeling in which shame par ts "B largely of indignation. We will not go so far as , affirm that the intervention of the three FoWe r e has, oy protracting the insurrection, aggravated th sufferings of the Poles and exasperated their cps pressors; for though Russia is now defying t a . opinion of the civilised world, she cannot for 10°,,0° be indifferent to its distinctly-pronounced scoter; Nor can we take it upon ourselves to advise the iri surgents to lay down their arms and appeal to th e mercy of their conqueror. Far rather would t remind them of that inheritance which no de e r,' can confiscate, that honour which is the soul A% spirit of patriotism. While they guard that, Wa d , they may be defeated, they can never be destrcl e it The winter that has set in will no doubt test o , e : i t endurance, and try their heroism to the quick, v;,, as tar as we can see they have to choose betsc e o 'a cold and snow and the dungeon or the gallows/A - O a in such a position brave men do not hesitate. I V efj forbid that we say one word to encourage a use' e a t f y and therefore a wasteful, resistance; but 1 1 ° ° ,,, e has, by the wanton barbarities she is pract is T e . made submission to her power a species of stli° l 4o Besides, is it for us to say that the Poles are net "to best judges of their own situation ? Is it for e a n d deny that to the eye of faith even the dark 00 that overspreads their devoted land may ha d t o silver lining ; or, when the winter is past, a n he r grass is again growing green upon the graves of P eo martyrs, Poland, if she can hold her ark togetherito long, may not send her eagle once more West W with another result ? COUNTRY MARKETS. LEEDS—TUESDAY. 01 01 There was an average attendance at market to-daP ....,11 a fair consumptive demand for best wheat at las t Tuesdkqe, -13 t rates, but little business dono in other sorts. The same w marks apply to barley. Oats and beans were rat her Sl° of sale. NEWC ASTLE-UN DE 11-LYME—MONDAY. t A pretty fair attendance to-day. The supply of Wb e i:r was about an average for the season. Samples irrego, of in condition. Fine dry lots at last week's prices, but ott o sorts heavy. Barley in moderate supply, and late priv" were fullirealised. Old white wheat..44s to 47s I Old red wheat, 428 to 4443: New do. ..43s to 468 I New do. 390 t .„ ° .'50 6 Malting barley....36s to 40s I Oats. 36$ .„ wa.A , s ll Grinding d0.....28s to 31s I Beans LIVERPOOL—TUESDAY. A a filo At our market to-day there was a fair attend and bil l,' town and country trade, with more disposition to zing good descriptions of wheat and flour were wanted. br.„(10.4$ full prices. Oats rather above the full currencies ",001 Friday, and oatmeal 6d per load dearer. Barleh and peas quite as dear. Indian corn held firm. MARKET HARBOROUGH—TuzsDA Y, to o. White wheat, 42s to 448 ; red, 39s to 41s per 36 to Malting barley at 35s to 37s : per qr. ; grinding, 300 a per 30 st. Oats, old, 26s to 298; new, 20s to 236 P st. ; beans, 378 to 41s per qr. SHEFFIELD—T UESDA r. ed ' The market was well attended, and there wa s a ° rately large supply of grain, ,0 ,1 Red wheat,per load of 3 imperial bushels...lss Od to 17 `03 p White f) f ...17s 6d to 19? oil New red ..16s 6i to li s oi New white „ ft _.•175 Od to 1„S! 0 ~• 4 ...15s Od to 1001 Beans f 2 19 40s Od to 44 „04 Peas, per qr 30s Od to 3 A'"O3 Grinding barley, per qr Malting ditto, If Oats ~ Flour, is sd, is 7d, and is 9d p er e r 2 3 1 2 4 4 : 1 0 0 : d. t t 0 0 3 2 8 4 : 0 MELTON MOWBRAY—TuEsDAY. eaf , The following were the curren c i es : —N ew white s v to pei 40s Od to 45s Od ; new red, 40 s Od t o 42 s per 36 st; beans, 39s to 40s for old ; new sorts, 36s to 38s pe r r . barley, 35s to 37s for ma lti ng , and 28s to 32s per ad; 240 grinding; new oats, 20 s t o 23 s Od per 24 s t o ne ; (3 ' to 295. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Ik r 1 ,3 5. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton . via Marseilles ......... N o Q. , Brazil and Ca' Verds, by British packet. ....... ape v Cape of Good Hopo, Ascension, and St. Helena • -- isi , o , i • , 2• China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton.„ o ,,,,lP via Marseilles ... 0° Falkland Islands 2 , Gibraltar, via Southampton Nov' .;„ India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton , i n 1' India (Bombay), via Southampton via Marseilles il l' o ° o 6 1: Nov' 4, via Marseilles NO' o, Portuga 1.... Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton...... Oct. . N eir ,;, u 4 ' NO 1, via Marseilles ...... . . 0 . Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo . .............. U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.... Nov. by U.S. packet.... i , by Canadian packet.Nost , ip. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe.. Nov. g 1 B ahamas, via New York Not. 0, Mexico .................................. Nov. ii All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru } Gov . P . California. and British Columbia, .......... ) . .01 Births. , Sla t GonnY.-- on the 31st ult., at Woolwich, the wife of O o dby, of a son. Arr.—On the 30th ult., at the Villa Abbo, 1 1100 S. D ow ager Lady Nepean, w if e of Dr. Montague ' t of a daughter. LoFTus.—On the 31et ult., at 16, del William-street, square, the Lady Catherine Loftus, of a daught e t. r. ; ,. , t Of TEMPLE.—On the let inst., at Tor quay , Devons.\',Fil e th lady of Georg e T emp l et Esq., of Bishopetrow , a son. Marriages. rg° ° ' ASHWOOD—BELLISS.—On the 3d inst , at Si , . Cl A ,, e , 3 ° ,° h /l ; Hanover-square, J. V. Ashwood , Esq.,. of Long of Shropshire, to Caroline Louisa, youngest daugl," ) ,,, oP" late William Belliss, Esq., of Wappenshall, '— county. 'O, Si : Stii—XINGSMILL.—On th e 3d i ns t., at St. George 03goi over-squar e , Ed war d C. Sim, Esq., Captain ROT A ter neers, to Alice F r a nces H ow l e y, youngest clau i r ts , Wm. Kingsmill, Esq., of Sydmonton Court, Deaths. BUNNING.—On the 2d inst., at 6, Gloucester-terrficklY' gent's-park, James Bunstone Bunning, E 64 ' 6 1 ' I ' tect to the Corporation of the City of London , age CIIILD.—On the 2d inst., at Islington, Christia °ciedi Esq., Actuary of the Universal Life Assurance S.tor, eldest surviving son of Henry Child, Esq ., e(3/ el Doctors'-commons, aged 35. • 0/2 FOSBERY.—On the 10th July, at Shanghae, Fralleleolv trey, eldest son of Godfrey Fosbery, Esq., eQuita R.N., aged 38. 0 5 ,51 LOVELESS,— On the 2d inst. B a sset B a sset John Loveless, so R N., Senior Lieutenant. o f Greenwich flospit3l, 79. , es terf YATES.—Ou the Ist inst., a t The Park, near Mauna: John Ashton Yates, Esq., of 33, Bryanston-sq London : Printed and Pub!isheti by WMI.IIIIII AND of No. 112, Strand, Prin ter, at TBE Sort °fac e " ? ',,, 0 i,y et Strand, in the Precinc t of the Savoy, in the CO4' IdiltilegM—Wedheiglah November 4, 1803 Th l I Ed Ed 1 Jo, Loi Ire Ata LiN Pro , Ste, for( 188. en gra ate Yo: a 1:1 Stil Avh the Vet tra, th e tha Pat bet tioi pi;l