The Sun. — London, England, 1854-12-04 00:00:00

TIIE BATTLE OF INKERMAN. FURTHER PARTICUL4RS. Nov. B.—ln my despatch forwarded - to-day from Dela klava. I attempted to connect the interval which had elapsed since the last post day, Nov. 3, with the present date, but the great battle and victory of Inkerman rose up grimly in the middle of my notes, and engrossed all my time, and would have consumed far more if I had had it to spare, for I could have devoted many hours more to the descrip tion of the fight, and to the incidents which marked that memorable sth of November. I sent off my notes of the 3d and 4th unfinished as th y were; and persons far more favourably situated than myself for the indulgence of literary tastes might have found it difficult to give any details of the day of Inkerman in a coherent form. I was stopped full swing in the middle of my despatch by the departure of the post, and had to close it up in great haste to save the mail. The battle was at its height about eight o'clock, and by that time the Russians had partially established them selves on the heights on our right. Dr. Smith of the head-quarters staff, and two gentlemen who had ridden out with him towards the front, ignorant of the exact position of the enemy, got under fire in the fog, and the proximity of fragments of shell, the whirring of shot, and the " fiz-z-zing" of fusees, warned them that it was just as well for non-combatants to retire as rapidly as pos sible towards the valley of Balaklava, where all seemed to be quiet. As they cantered off they saw poor Sir George Brown, who has been living in a blaze of fire since ho came out here (for not oulyhas he been in the heatof action, but he has received smart volleys from our own pickets), borne back on a litter, and taken down and put •a board the Sanspareil, after Dr. Alexander bad examined his wound. Men covered with blood and spitting it out came limping along, and sat down by the bushes, examining their hurts, and imploring water or a little brandy. Am bulances hovered on the plain in the rear around the scene of the fight ; horses on three legs or cut by balls hopped along, looking piteously for help ; the fog folded the hills in its clammy embrace, but the roar of cannon and mus ketry told of the struggle that was going on along those bloody heights. General Canrobert, with a brilliant staff, attended by the English officers attached to the French head-quarters, and followed by a party of red-coated Hus sars and wild Spabis, with a tricolour guidon borne in front of him, dashed past on his Arab in eager pursuit of Lord Raglan through tho haze of the morning. Forty five is a capital ag e for a General, the juste milieu between manhood and old age ; and the General is so much among his soldiers, and exposes himself so frequently while among them in the trenches and in the field, that they all adore him. To-day he was hit by a shot, and had his horse dis abled. Many of his escort were killed or wounded. Gene ral Bosquet also went into the thick of the fire, and left more than half of his escort behind him on the field. The French were drawn up in three bodies of about 2,000 men each on the ridge of the hills over Balaklava, watching the movements of the Russian cavalry in the plain below. As I came up the enemy were visible, drawn out in six divisions, with the artillery and infantry ready to act, and horses saddled and bridled. It was evident they were waiting for the signal to dash up the hills iu our rear, and sabre our flying regiments. They had a long time to wait ! The French lines below us were lined by Zouaves ; the gunners in the redoubts, with matches lighted, were prepared to send their iron messengers through the ranks of the horse the moment they came within range. Behind the French 5,000 " Bono Johunies" were drawn up in columns as a reserve, and several Turk ish regiments were also stationed under the heights on the right, in a position to act in support should their ser vices be required. Already the French were on their march from the sea to our assistance, and the black lines of their regiments streaked the gray plain as they marched double-quick towards the scene of action. The Chasseurs d'Afriqae on their gray Arabs swept about the slopes of the hill to watch an opportunity for a dash. Our own cavalry were drawn up by their encampments, the Heavy Brigade en the left, the' ight Brigade in the centre of our position. The latter were out of fire for some time, but an advance to the right exposed them to shot and shell. Mr. Cleveland received a mortal wound, and several men and horses were injured later in the day. The heavy cavalry were employed in protecting our left and rear. At 9 the French strearaad over the brow of the hill on our right—Chasseurs d'Oileaus, Tiralleurs, Indigenes, Zouaves, Infantry of the Lino, and Artillery—and at once rushed over the brow and skella g n the fla - rik of the Russian columns. On visiting the spot, it wits curious to observe how men of all arms—English, French,' and Russians—lay together, showing that the same ground must have been occupied several times by different bodies of troops. The French were speedily engaged, for the Russians had plenty of men for all corners. Their reserves in the valley and along the aoad to Sebastopol received the shattered columns which were driven down the bill, allowed them to re-form and attack again, or furnished fresh regiments to assault the Allies again and again. This reserve seems to have con sisted of three large bodies—probably of 5,000 men each. The attacking force could not have been less than 20,000 men, and I make a very low estimate indeed of the strength of the Russians to-day when I place it at from 45,000 to 50,000 men of all arms. Some say there were from 55,009 to 60,000 men engaged on the side of the enemy ; but I think that number excessive, and there certainly was not ground enough for them to show front upon. Cap tain Burnett states that he saw fresh bodies of Rus sians marching up to the attack on three successive occasions, and that their artillery was relieved no less than four times. The Minie rifle did our work, and Lord Hardinge is entitled to the best thanks of the country for his perseverance in arming this expedition as far as he could with every rifle that could be got, notwith standing the dislike with which the weapon was received by many experienced soldiers. Our volleys told on the advancing bodies of Russians fearfully, and, in order to bo out of scope of such terrible weapons, they rushed on ns with the bayonet, and after long and desperate encoun ters met their masters and were forced to retire. The column of attack on the Russian right, which came up on our position at the nearest point to Sebastopol, was mainly resisted by the Fourth Division and Marines. The Russian centre was prindpally resisted by the Second Division and the Light Division ; and some of the Third Division and the Brigade of Guards were opposed to the third or left attacking column of the Russians, which forced its way up the hill towards the Sand-bag Battery, at the furthest point from Inkerman. The Fourth Divi sion had in a short time all its Generals—Sir George Cathcart and Brigadiers Goldie and Torrens—killed or mortally wounded, and 700 men, or more than one quer tor of its strength, put hors de combat. Colonel Swyny, of 63d Regiment, and Major Wynne, of the 68th, were killed early. Colonel Crofton was wounded in three places; Major Sharpe was badly wounded also, and Lieutenant Dowling was killed. Tian 20th Regiment, to which these officers belonged, west into action 490 strong ; it came out 362. The other regiments suffered in proportion. The Second Division had left when it came out of action ex actly six •field-officers and 12 captains fit for duty, and I believe Major Farrer, of the 47th Regiment, was the senior officer, and had to take charge of the division. The pro per complement of captains to the division would, of course, be 60. The greatest atrocity marked the conduct of the Rus sians towards the officers of Adams's Brigade who fell into their hands. Poor Colonel Carpenter, as he lay on the ground badly wounded, was bayonetted by a ruffian who, not contest with that act of ferocity, clubbed musket, and beat the gray-haired man with it on the head till he loft him senseless. The Colonel lived but a few hours after he was taken to his tent. Colonel Haly, of the 47th, was treated in the same way, as he was stretched in his blood in front of his shattered regiment. The men on both oc casions rushed in and carried off their officers and bayo netted the Russians who had used them so barbarously. Major Powell, who was in command of the 49th, was killed as he fell to the earth, and hie murderer, who is an officer, is in our hands a prisoner of war. The First Bri gade suffered fearfully also in men and officers. The Light Division, or the portion of it in action, was, as usual foremost in the fray. Some of the officers had most wonderful escapes. In the 88th Regiment Major Maxwell's horse was shot under him, in front of the enemy's column. Lieutenant Crosse and Lieutenant Baynes were surrounded by a body of Russians, who attacked them with the bayonet, although they were both wounded. Mr. Baynes miraculously escaped. Mr. Crosse was sur rounded by four Russians, who thought to make sure work of him. He shot the two in front of him with his re volver, and .a private named Houlaghan rushed cut of the ranks, shot one of his remaining assailants dead, bayonetted the other, and taking up Mr. Crosse in his arms, ran back with him to the rear of the regiment and placed him in safety. Out of four weak companies the 88th lost 140 men killed and wounded, and they would most likely have been cut to pieces lent for the gallant charge of a party of their comrades of the 77th, under Major Straton. The 33d Regiment lost 58 out of less than 300 men. Ensign Thorold, a most promising young officer, was killed as he was zealously employed in serving the men with cartridges from the pouches, and Lieutenant Corbett and Mr.Owena were wounded. Mr. Donovan, brother of Captain Donovan of this regi- Meat, who was attached to the 33d at the battle of the Alma, where he displayed great gallantry, has received his Commission from her Majesty for his behaviour in the field. Lieutenants Butler and Shipley and Ensign Jones, of the Fusileeis, were wounded at once. Colonel Yea, Captain Rose, and one other officer, whose name I don't remember, are the only officers now serving with the 7th Pusileers, who were at the Alma a nd at Inkermen with t he regiment. Sir T. Troubridge lost both legs above the ankle. He is doing well. The men of the 19th and 23d Regiment displayed more even than their usual firmness and daring, and met their full share of the enemy's fire, but many of the Light Division of this brigade were in the trenches. The 2d battalion of Rifles has to deplore the loss a of an excellent young officer, who was a universal favourite —year young Malcolm, and Captain Newdigate Lacy in the foot by a ball. whenl r lj t h o e figl it ship Evans, who was very unwell on board to the front, andbegan, managed to get on shore and ride up for the less he had sustained hins on the battle field full of grief Allix, one of the General's aides-de-camp, in his division. Captain Cap tain Gubbins, another aide-de-camp, was killed ; Cap gadior Pennefather had a na ' r e au , P, was wounded ; Bri gadier escape, and Brigadier Adams was slightly wounded there lay the spot the weakness of which the General had n( so often represented ! It was enough to make one sad. Poor Butler ! Two brothers have thus h the head, an d laid d own th e i r g mile lives in the cause. He was shot throu when I saw his body there was a placid s as though he slept. For a long time it was thought oniighist face, Captain Gordon, of the Engineers , had fallen, Butler's body had actually been removed to that Captain cesls tent before the mistake was d i s co ve red. It was in th e height of the sanguinary struggle which the Guards had to maintain alone with the enemy that he was shot. The brigade lost 14 officers, but the wonder is that any escaped the murderous fire directed on their position. The carnage at the Alma did not present anything like the scene round the Sand-bag Battery, which is placed on a steep descent towards the Tchernaya. The piles of dead here were frightful. Upwards of 1,200 dead and dying Russians lay behind and around and in front of it, and many a bearskin cap and tall English Grenadier lay there too, with frequent corpses of French Chasseur and infantry soldier. At one time, while the Duke was rallying his men, a body of Russians began to single him out, and to take shots at him in the most deliberate man ner. A surgeon of a cavalry regiment, Mr. Wilson, 7th Mussars who was attached to the. brig ade, p erceived the danger of his Royal Highness, and with the greatest gal lantry and coolness assembled a few men of the Guards, led them to the charge, and utterly routed and dispersed the Russians. The Duke's horse was killed in the course of the fight. At the close of the day he called Mr. Wil son in front of the regiment, and publicly thanked him for having in all probability saved his life. Major Macdonald, whose sang froid is as conspicuous as his bravery , h ad his horse s h o t un d er h i m in the heat of the battle, and gathered himself up with the same self-possession that he displayed under similar circumstances when unseated by a cannon shot at the Alma. The conduct of the Russians towards th e woun d e d Guards' officers was brutal in th e extreme. Colonel Mackinnon would, n o doubt, have lived but for bayo ne t woun d s received while lying on the ground. His leg was broken, and ho was so weak from loss of blood that he died under the operation of removing it. Sir R. Is ewman was stabbed all over. Ruesian officers were seen passing their we:. - de through the bodies if our men as they writh el in agony on the ground, and pointing to their men to bayonet them as they passed. Such are the armies of the Czar ! These are the men to whom the Kings of Europe are to be indebted for their thrones, and it is to such Allies that Prussia would give the hands of those whose ancestors fought under the Great Frederick ! A major of the rnffiian soldiery who perpetrated these deeds is, however, in our hands, and evidence can be brought against him to show that he was one of the principal actors as well as one of the chief instigators of atrocities which will make Europe shudder with horror. Mr. Romaine, the Deputy-Judge-Advocate-General, has received in structions to prepare a case against this man. There aro several men to swear to his identity ; and, if it can bo satisfactorily proved that ho has committed the acts laid to his charge, he will be swung . on a gibbet in front of the walls of Sebastopol. He is a Baron—a man of rank—and it is suspected ho has already used the gold which was left on his person to purchase silence. While the Guards were at their utmost need the French columns moved down Impetuously on the exulting enemy, and, taking them in the flank, forced them back along the side of the hill under the fire of our divisions. The Allies charged them, and hailed ball and shot into them with deadly effect. The enemy, though supported by the file of tremendous artillery, could not withstand us, and before 11.45 a.m. their army was retiring before 8,500 British and 9,000 French infantry. The fall of rain and the gloom, to which I have before alluded as having occurred about this time, enabled them to collect and make another stand, but the Allies speedily drove them back, and at 12.35 they were in full retreat towards Sebastopol, covered by their guns. A little before this time I had ridden up to an advanced picket-house of ours, which commands a view of the French lines and of our right attack. I found there Mr. Layard, who is still an anxious and eager amateur out here, and a group of officers, looking down from the front on the town, which was smiling freshly in the returning sunshine, and talking of an expected assault by the French. The redoubts, earthworks, and redans, as well as the French and English attacks, were blazing away as usual against each other, and dotting the scene with puffs of white smoke. Suddenly a sharp, crashing rattle of mus ketry, which came distinctly to our ears through the roar of the cannon, was heard on the left towards the Flagstaff Battery, in front of the French lines. Through the glass I could see the caps of some French troops, who were ad vancing from the last parallel by a wall, which seemed to me inside the town. "Hurrah," was the cry, "the French are in the place !" In a moment afterwards the Russians could be made out running as hard as they could from the rear of the Flagstaff Battery down towards the houses at the side of the first harbour, and ere three minutes elapsed one ! two ! three ! up shot pillars of dust and dark smoke into the air. The Russians had sprung three mines inside the work. In less than two minutes more two more mines were sprung. The musketry ceased, the smoke cleared away, revealing a mass of ruins and broken timbers, and beams of cottages, and presently the guns in front of the Flagstaff Battery opened on the French, and destroyed all our hopes that there had. been a successful assault. I heard this evening that the Russians had made a sortie, and traversed two parallels ere they were re pulsed, and that the French followed them closely to the town. It is probable that the Russians fired the mines to prevent pursuit, fearing they might enter the place along with them. The French buried 200 dead Russians before sunset, and have 80 more in front of their lines to bury to-morrow. After this little episode we turned our atten tion to our right, whole the battle was still carried on by the artillery. A very large battery was stationed on the heights on the right of the picket-house and in front of a straight lino drawn from it to Inkerman, which pitched shot and shell remorselessly into our camp, aided by the steamer at Inkerman, while a portion of it replied to the fire of our guns, two of which alone seemed to touch them. These were Dickson's two 18-pounders. In the valley be hind the Russian guns we could see the Russian infantry retiring over the road at a good pace, but in tolerable order, while their retreat was further protected by a strong body of cavalry drawn up on a mound in rear of the guns. A few rockets were directed against the cavalry by our men in the batteries, but they did no execution that I could see. Our admiration was soon excited by the splen did fire of our two 18-pounders. They werefiring at about 1,500 yards, but their shot went right between the enemy's guns, smashing horses, men, and carriages at every round. " Bravo, they're limbering up !" And so they were, leaving five tumbrils, one broken gun carriage, 27 dead horses, and 13 dead men behind thorn, on a very small space of ground. Again they halted, unlimbered, and fired a few rounds, but their 21's and 32's were soon silenced by our 18's, and at 1.30 they were retreating after their infantry into Sebastopol. Lieutenant Hoare, in his Lancaster Battery, had prepared a parting volley for both. He removed his gabions and sandbags, got a good " open " on the road, and whenever a body of men or horses came in view upon it, bang went the long fellow, and the ponderous cone:of iron whistled among them, rip ping the column from end to end, and strewing the road with dead. Lieutenant-Colonel Dickson was assisted in his emr- tionsr)P637lt;in7D 7 Agullarand Lieutenant Chermside, and no less than 17 gunners were struck down beside and close to him at the guns. The Horse Artillery were not engaged. Captain Turner and Captain Wodehouse did good service with their batteries. By the death of Briga dier-General Strangways the command Of the Artillery devolves upon Colonel Dacres. Colonel Patton, of the 74th Regiment, who accompanied Lord Raglan's staff as an amateur on the day of the Alma, acted on this occa sion as aide-de-camp to Brigadier-General Strangways till the latter was mortally wounded. The revolvers carried by our officers saved their lives on several occasions this day. When Captain Nicholson, of the 77th, was lying on the ground he was bayonetted by a Russian. The Colonel immediately shot the scoundrel dead. Ensign Butts, of the 77th, was taken prisoner by a Russian, who made him hide himself in the bush as his regiment went past, by keeping his cocked firelock to his head. The young feliow watched his chance, and shot him dead with his revolver, getting off in safety to rejoin his regiment. No doubt there will be abundance of pri vate letters full of similar details. Our men were very short of ammunition. The Guards in particular expended all theirs very soon. W hat was the cause of this ? They surely did not fire their 50 rounds a man. Great exertions were used this evening to get our wounded into hospital, and the Ambulance corps did g ood service. The wounded of the Light Division, under charge of Dr. Alexander, were under cover by 11 o'clock, and a.. 1 operations performed. In the 4th Division hospital, under Dr. Anderson, all patients were in bed and had each a cup of tea by eight o'clock, and the operations were over early the following day. Dr. Smith's letter has filled us with astonishment. Surely he must know that there is not a regiment out here with three surgeons for duty. The slowness with which vacancies aro filled up at home is a great evil. Oue case in point is worth a week's writing. Dr. Chapman went home about the end of May. The vacancy was not filled up till October. Bad economy, Dr. Smith. The succes sor to Dr. Chapman has only just come out here, and either he is now de troy), or he ought to have been here long ago. NOVEMBER, 6. Parties of men were out late last night and early this morning searching the hillside for wounded mon and pri soners. Several wounded Guardsmen were not found till this morning and afternoon in the places where they had rolled down among the bushes in their struggles with the enemy. From a prisoner whom wo examined to-day I gleaned soma interesting particulars respecting the formation of the Russian army. The man was not very "bright," but he told the truth according to the light that was in him, and I believe the statements ho made were tolerably cor rect. It had long been a puzzle to ignorant people like ourselves why the Russian soldiers had numbers on their shoulder-straps different from those on their buttons or on their caps. In recording my observations on tho appoint ments of the men killed at the Alma, I remarked, it may be remembered, that certain "regiments" were present, judging by the shoulder-straps. It will appear that these numbers referred not to regiments, but to divisions. So lot our Pole—ho is a deserter—one of tho few who came in lately, speak for himself through an interpreter :—" What does the number oa the strap on your shoulder indicate ?" —" It is No. 16. It shows that I belong to the 16th Vivi !lion of the army." " Who commands it?"—" I don't know —a General." " What does the number 31 on your buttons mean ?"—lt means that I belong to polk 31, of the 16th Division." What does the number 7on your cap, with P after it:mean ?"—lt indicates that I belong to the 7th rota of the polk." " What doss a rota mean ?"—"lt means a company of 250 men." "How many rotas are in a polk?" " There are 16 rotas in each polk." And how many polka are in a division?"—" There are four Folks in a division." "If that is so, why have you 31 on your buttons ?" pause, a stupid look.)—" I don't know." Finding our friend was getting into that helpless state of confusion into which the first glimpses of decimal fractions are wont to plunge the youthful arithmetician, we left him. Now let us combine our information, and see what, according to this Polish authority, a Russian division consists of. It stands thus : 1 Rota equal to 16 Rotas „ 1 polk equal to 4 Polks „ 1 division „ To this add cavalry and artillery ... 250 men. 4,000 ~ 16,000 „ 4,000 „ Total ... ... 20,000 In going over the field of battle on Monday, I observed the following numbers on the shoulder straps of the men, or in other words, there were men there belonging to the dif ferent divisions indicated thus :-2, 10, 11, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 33, 34, 51. This, of course, gives no information with respect to the numbers ougageh in the action of the sth against our little force, but it proves what exertions Russia has made to collect her forces against us. Had the divisions represented by the numbers given above been complete, we should have had an army of 240,000 men against us. Again, it is very remarkable that we do not find in our enemy's army of the sth of Nov. many of the divisions which fought against us on the 20th of Septem ber. Where was the 32d division, with which we were principally concerned in the bloody charge up to the bat tery on the hill at the Alma? Where was the 12th, 31st, and 18th divisions on the sth of November? They were present at the Alma,. but they were not present at Inker mau. The only divisions which I recognised as old enemies of the Alma wore the 11th and 17th, and considerable num bers of both of these fell at lakerman. The prisoners tell us that they belong to the army of Wallachia—they aro the men that were beaten before Silistria, and it is the highest encomium one the Turks to say that these were the men who could not drive them back at Oltenitza or beat them out of Arab Tabia. Such a differ ence between the soldiers of the Sultan in the Crimea and on the banks of the Danube can only be accounted for by the different qualities of their leaders. They have no Omer Pasha here, and without confidence in their Generals the Turks will not fight. The Russian Generals who are here, according to the statements of the prisoners and deserters, aro Menschikoff, Gortschakoff, Osten-Sacken,* Luders,* Villeboisj Li prandi,t Lewtsk , Dannenberg,t Soinionoff, Pauloff,t day. . The Two m other Generals Zalifkin. Th e la Y t si ihtrne (l l G vs e r n e er lif aylilivnadsokdi.lldd early in the men resembledn narmd e i n those same sewe rflweay. t at ly th e e s A aw lm n a o , and in wore clad . fantry with helmets, 1 wever, and our soldiers were dis appointed to find theqoi,ussians had, in most cases, come whiteness knapsacks.nes of their out without their tTrhgeerps and of their feet was were very t cleanly, and th e w was rensakable. whenever marauders, wh o . ever them had soc k s on, and the they were worth taking. Our over a battle-field, had re moved their boots soldiers and sailo rs , as wellas the avidity for a good p a i r o f Russian French, look out with beets, and are quite adepts in fitting thems e l ves to a mode of measurement. M an y o f the nicety by their simple men had silv e r m e d a ls and ribands striped green and white for " the campaign of The stateuaeuts of the prisoners respecting the Generals marked thus * differed. Some said they have arrived ; others that they have not yet come, but that they are expected. The names marked thus t will be recognised, I think, as those of Generals who were in the Principalities. THE NUN, LONDON, MON'DAY VENING, DECEMBER 4, 1684, 1819 in Transylvania." They were generally carried inside tin cases about their persons. Officers and men wore the same long grey coats, the former being alone distinguish able by the stripe of gold lace on the shoulder. Their uniform coatees, of dark green with white fa ;ins and red and yellow trimmings, were put on underneath the greatcoat. A considerable number of the Liege double grooved rifles were found on the field. Many of the muskets bore the date of 1811, and had evidently been flint guns originally, but had been altered into detonators. I re member a juvenile superstition in my sparrow-killing days, that such guns " shot stronger" than either flint or detonator per sang. Every part of the arm is branded most carefully. The word " BAK" occurs on each separate piece of it. The imperial eagle is on the brass heelplate, and "on the lock is "TYAA, 1811." lam now speaking of a firelock with which most of two divisions at least were armed. The bayonets are long, but are not well steeled. They bend if rudely handled or struck with force against the ground. The long and polished gun bar rels are made of soft, but tough iron. They can be bent to an acute angle without splitting. From the trigger guard of each musket there is a thong depending, fastened to a cap of stout leather, which is put over the nipple in wet weather. This seems a simple and useful expedient. Beyond all understanding, however, are the uses of a piece of stick shaped like a bayonet, without a handle, which we found in the bayonet sheathe. It may be to keep the sheathe from collapsing; but when the bayonet is in the sheathe where is the long wooden skewer put? As I write a thought occurs to me. It is placed in the gun as a plug, for it is round for an inch at the end, and is ornamented thereat by a brass button. Well, if that be the solution, I am glad of it, for our soldiers lose a great deal of time in hot arguments over this matter, and most of my friends must plead guilty to lucubrating in vain upon it. The do vution of the men to their officers is remarkable. How else is it that we seldom find either dead or wounded offi cers on the ground? On the person of one lieutenant or captain, who was lying dead, an extremely handsome and athletic young man, there was found a roll of linen, which contained the same black, dry, and hard fragments of rye bread which the privates carry about with them. Persons of this rank, however, kave generally watches and purses of money about their persons. It is again asserted—and I sincerely believe with truth —that the dying and wounded Russians killed many of our men as they passed on towards the front against the retreating enemy. For this reason our soldiers smashed the stock and bent the barrel of nearly every firelock they came across. Some, however, carried bundles of them off the field, as well as heaps of Liege rifles, and of a heavy, thick sword with a saw-back, carried by the Gre nadiers or artillerymen, which they sell to the cap tains and sailors of merchantmen, or to those who are anxious for mementoes of the fight. Medals, ribands, the small brass crucifixes, and pictures of saints, and charms found upon the dead aro also in great request. There is a regular tariff of prices, —medal, from ss. to 20s. according to size ; riband, a dollar; crucifix a dollar ; pictures, ac cording to size, drollery, and ugliness, from 2s. 6cl. to 10s. ; charms, ls. 6d. - ; firelocks, 30s. ; rifles, 508. ; swords, 20s. The field is visited by shoals of people from Balaklava every day. If it is considered that the soldiers who met these furious columns of the Czar were the remnants of three British divisions, which scarcely numbered 8,500 men ; that they were hungry and wet, and half-famished ; that they were men belonging to a force which is generally " out of bed" four nights out of seven ; which has been enfeebled by sickness, by severe toil, sometimes for 24 hours at a time without relief of any kind ; that among them were men who had within a short time previously lain out for 48 hours in the trenches at a stretch—it will be readily admitted that never was a more extraordinary contest maintained by our army since it acquired a reputa tion in the world's history. Mr. Commissary-General Filder deserves the greatest praise for his exertions ie supplying our men with food. The stories which have been circulated respecting the in sufficiency and irregularity of the supply of meat, biscuit, and spirits are base calumnies. No army was ever fed with more punctuality, and no army, I believe, was ever so well fed under such very exceptional circumstances as those in which we are placed. The writers who describe the Southern Crimea as a land flowing with milk and honey forget that to us it is a forbidden Eden, and that the Cossack stands at the gate to bar our approach. We have eaten up everything edible within the precincts of the little angle of which wo maintain possession by force of arms ; the hay has been consumed, the vegetables have been consumed, the grapes have been consumed—nay, the very leaves have been boiled for fond, and the vines used for fuel ; the cat tle and sheep have been consumed, and we aro now masters of a huge camp as sterile as a rock, and from which the last vestige of shrub or tree will soon disappear under the camp-kettle. We are fed by Balaklava alone; thence conies our daily bread. It has to be carried out day by day, and yet no man in this army has ever been without his pound of good biscuit, his pound and a-half or pound of good beef or mutton, his quota of coffee, tea, rice, and sugar, or his gill of excellent rum, for any one day, except it has been through his own neglect. We draw our hay, our corn, our beef, our mutton, our biscuits, spirits, and neces saries of all kinds from beyond sea. Eupatoria supplies us with cattle and sheep to a moderate extent ; but the commissariat of the army depends, as a general rule, on sea carriage. Nevertheless, large as are our advantages in the excellence and regularity of the supply of food, the officers and men have had to undergo great privations. The oldest soldiers here never witnessed or heard of a cam paign in which General officers were obliged to live out iu tents on the open field, for the want of a roof to cover them, and Generals who passed their youth in the Penin sular war, and who have witnessed a good deal of fighting since that time in various parts of the world, are unani mous in declaring that they never knew or read of a war in which the officers were exposed to such hardships. They landed, as most of us remember, without anything but what they could carry, and they marched beside their men, slept by them, fought by them, and died by them, undistinguished from them in any respect, except by the deadly epaulette and swordbelt, which have cost so many lives to the country. The survivors have often been unable to get their things from on board ship. They have lain down at night in the clothes which they woro during the day ; many delicately nurtured youths have never changed shirt or shoes for weeks together, and they are deprived of the use of water for the ablution, except to a very li mited extent. " Rank and fashion," under such circum stances, have fallen a prey to parasitical invasion—an evil to which the other incidents of roughing it aro of little moment. The officers are in rags. Guardsmen who were " the best style of men" in the Parks now turn out in coats and trousers and boots all seams and patches, torn in all directions, and mended with more vigour than neat ness, and our smartest cavalry and line men are models of ingenious sewing and stitching. The men cannot grumble at old coats, bouts, or shoes when they see their officers no better off than themselves. We have out here " soldier ing with the gilding off," and many a young gentleman would bo for ever cured of his love of arms if he could but see ono day's fighting and havo one day's parade of the men who do it. Fortunate it is for us that we have youth on whom to rely, and that there are in old England men " who delight in war," and who will be ever ready to in cur privation, danger, and death at her summons. As to young ladies suffering from " scarlet fever"—the pupils of the L. E. L." school, who aro for ever thinking of heroes and warriors, singing of champions, of " crowning conquerors' brows with flowers," and wishing for " Arab steeds and falchions bright"—if they could but for one in stant stood beside me and gazed into one of the pits where some 30 " clods of the valley," all covered with scarlet and blue cloth, with lace, and broidery, and blood, wore lying side by side, and staring up at heaven with their sightless orbs as they were about to be consigned to the worm, they would feel the horrors of their hero worship, and would join in Prayer for the advent of that day—if come it over may—when war shall be no more, and when the shedding of blood shall cease. Food—bread, the staff of life, and meat —we have in sufficient quantity, and if the department over which Mr. Filder presides can only supply us as it has done during our winter in the Crimea, the army will be much indebted to it. In the efforts the commissariat officers are making for the maintenance of the army they receive material aid from our merchant ships.: The services rendered by the captains of the transports during the whole of ,this campaign really deserve some public acknowledgment, and yet not one word has ever been said by the authorities of the zeal, devotion, and ability displayed by nearly all these gentlemen, and of the excellent conduct and good feeling of the crews under their command. Whore so many are deserving of praise it is scarcely fair to single out any particular persons for ap probation, but it is not too much to say that such men as Captain Kellock, of the Himalaya ; Captain Lane, of the Jason!; Captain Wilson, of the Orinoco ; Captain Me thuen, of the Colombo ; Captain Goodall, of the Prince ; Captain Bayntun, of the Medway ; Captain Ponsonby, of the Trent ; and last, not least, Captain Cargill, of the City of London, merit the thanks of the nation, and merit them all the more because they have laboured for the pub lic service without any particular encouragement from the authorities. Their patriotism led them to the length of offering to take a share in the military service of the expe dition, to the safety, success, and comfort of which they had so much contributed. Before the attack of the 17th Captain Methuen offered to tow any of her Majesty's ves sels into action under the forts of the town, and on the 2d of October Captain Lane, of the Jason, offered Sir E. Lyons the services of the officers and of 30 men of the crow of his ship to co-operate with the seamen and marines of the fleet, "and to act in any other way for the protec tion of her Majesty's flag." The men made this offer through Captain Lane, and expressed their willingness to submit to martial law, and the captain concluded by in forming Sir E. Lyons that the Jason could land two 13cwt. guns at once. It is no wonder that Sir Edmund Lyons ac knowledged this offer very warmly, and expressed the gra tification he felt at receiving " an offer which reflected the highestcredit" on tho captain, officers, andcrew of the Jason. Similar readiness to serve the country was evinced by other crews and captains as the time of action drew near ; all did their work well and earnestly, and it is only right that the country should know what she owes to the merchant service engaged in this great war. THE, HURRICANE ON THE 14TH NOVEMBER. Nov.lB.—We have but heavy tidings to communicate to England by this mail, though still we are thankful that our loss has been rather by the blast of this tempest than the hand of the enemy. On Tuesday, the 14th inst., the fleet and transports lying at Enpatoria, the Katcha, and Balaklava, were exposed to the fury of a tremendous gale from the westward, which resulted in the loss of at least thirty-five vessels, and the partial injury of many more. The night of the 13th, though lowering, gave no sign of the appr o aching storm , for it was almost a calm in the middle watch ; but about half-past six in the morning the sky darkened, and a heavy squall burst forth from the S.S.W. ; second anchors were immediately let go, and every precaution taken to prevent disaster. The gale freshened, and shortly after eight No. 20 trans port, Gauger, dragged her anchors, and foulinc , those of No. 1, Pyrenees, both ships drove together, and a few minutes after fouled her Majesty's ship Samp son, carrying away her bowsprit and foremast, which latter in falling struck the mainmast, the fall of which destroyed the mizenmast ; thus in the space of two minutes rendering her a complete wrecic aloft. The two transports then broke away from her, and brought up again at 50 yards distance, about 1,100 yards from the shore. At 10 P.m. a small French brig stranded near the mouth of the Katcha, and from this time till darkness hid the scene from our view, a succession of terrible disasters followed each other in quick succession. Fortunately the shore in the neighbourhood of the river is terminated by a sandy beach, hence hero we have not had to deplore the loss of life as well as property. Nos. 1 and 20 parted for the last time a little after noon, and were soon dashed on shore, where they remained at about ten yards distance from the beach, with the waves frequently making a clear dash over them. At ono p.m. her Majesty's ship Terrible parted all her anchors, and the cry rose to every tongue, "the Terrible will be on shore ;" but gradually the noble ship faced round to the wind, and passed majesticallygont through the fleet. The w i n d , per h a p s , was at its utmost height about 10,30; but the wind, after successive squalls, accom panied by sleet and hail, passed to W.S.W. and W., from which none of our anchor ages on the Crimean coast afford any shelter, and as awful r o lli n g sea then set iu, (Luring which the English transports, 37, Rodsley, and 57, Tyrone, a Maltese brig, and four more small French transports, went on shore. Meanwhile hordes of Cossacks and cavalry hovered round the wrecks, and, as each of the smallest vessels were thrown up, were seen occupied in examining what the chances of the sea and war had sent them. We could see the French sailors led off towards Sebastopol with horsemen before and behind them. Our transports from their greater burden were, as I have stated, at some distance from the shore ; and the Cossacks rode backwards and forwards, regarding them as we read a hungry fox did some grapes in the days of 2Esop. Darkness fell that evening on anxious hearts, and few eyes could have closed that night mad the roaring of the pitiless and unabated storm. Soon of ser midnight its force was broken, and men thanked God, for neither hemp or iron could have stood such a strain much longer. But the sea continued as heavy as ever during the dark ness, which was only broken by the lurid flash of the cannon over Sebastopol, showing that the war of the ele ments had been powerless to suspend that of men. We looked round in the grey dawn, the wind howling and moaning as if in regret for the evil it had done, and saw that to the disasters of the previous day had been added that of another transport, No. 89, Lord Raglan, and that the Egyptian lino-of-battle ship, which still remained, had been compelled during t6e night to cut away her fore and mizeirmast, and had also lost her bow sprit. Daylight also showed us the inland hills covered with snow. In the course of the morning the transports on shore made signals of distress to the Admiral, who ordered the Fury to weigh ; she, however, signalled that communication was yet impossible on account of the surf ; but in the afternoon the sea had gone down sufficiently to attempt their relief, although the effort was still attended with .much danger. The Cossacks had been busy during the day, and they made one or two attempts even to swim off' to our transports, but were carried back by the surf, aided by a knock or two on the head from our merchant sailors, who by no means realised the idea of a Christmas in Sebasto pol. One gentleman, in a carriage, drove down to the bench, near the Tyrone, and in good English exhorted the sailors to make a trial of Mus covite forbearance. " We, too," he said, suiting the action to the words, " have hearts as well as the English." I will not give the reply in esstenso, suffice it to say, it was what somebody calls " John Bell's great everlasting no," accom panied by some strong adjectives. No fire had beenopened on the enemy during the day from the fleet, and it was determined not to do so till they proceeded to overt acts of hostility. About 4 p.m. volunteer boats from the Queen, Rodney, London, and some steamers, pulled in, and the Firebrand got under weigh to cover their. On seeing them approaching, the Cossacks drew up on the cliff, and fired on the boats, killing a man belonging to the Queen. This fire was immediately returned from the steamer, and they at once scurried off. The surf prevented the crews being rescued till the morning of the 16th, when they were recovered by the boats of the Firebrand and other steamers, after having in one of the ships fired a parting salvo at the Russians with cartridges which had been collected from the field of Alma. None of the ships appear to have been so completely waterlogged as to pre vent the crews from obtaining provisions, nor have I heard of any loss of life. The enemy took advantage of the gale by advancing on Eupatoria with about 0,000 cavalry and twelve field-pieces; they wore, however, warmly received with such a heavy fire, both of guns and rockets, that they retired with a loss of about 100 killed and wounded. Our loss amounted to only two men wounded. There has been as yet but one communication from Bala klaya, but we hear fearful things of the damage done there. The Prince with all the soldiers' warns clothing (she had previously landed the troops) another transport with a large quantity of Mini 6 ammunition, another with hay for the troops-8 vessels lost; Retribution, Negro, Vesuvius, severely damaged, and, worst of all, 300 lives lost, are the naked details of this terrible story. It has been determined to abandon Eupatoria, and orders havrbeen sent thither to destroy the Henri Quatre. There is a umour that the Tartar inhabitants who have trusted to our protection are to be removed to Sinope. The gale appears to have injured the Russian breakwater at the entrance of Sebastopol, as they sunk another two-decker yesterday (17th) in the same position as the others. The Queen of the South has arrived at Constantinople, bringing S5O British troops. They have proceeded at once to the Crimea. Six thousand French have passed through on their way to Cape Kherson. FRENCH ACCOUNT OF THE BATTLE OF INKERMAN. The General-in-Chief of the Army of the East has addressed to the Minister of War the two following reports, which he has received from Generals Forey and Bosquet, commanding the French troops engaged on the sth of November, at the battle of Iskerman : " BEFORE SEBAIiITOPOL, Nov. 7. " ARMY OF THE EAST.—CORPS DE SIEGE. "Mon G6msral,—l have the honour to acquaint you that, on the sth of November, at 9 o'clock in the morn ing, the left of our attack against Sebastopol was assailed by a Russian column, composed of four battalions form ing the Regiment of Minsk, one battalion of the Regi ment of Wolhynsk, and of a certain number of volunteers who joined them. This column, 5,000 strong, supported by a battery of artillery, left the city by the bastion of the Quarantine, and proceeded along the ravine situate on the left of our lines. Its march, favoured by a thick mist, could not be immediately arrested, and it threw its force upon the batteries Nos. 1 and 2, which it reached. The occupants of these batteries having ieen compelled to retire towards the battalions of the 39th and the 19th regiments of the line, and upon four companies of the Foreign Legion charged with the de feneeof the trenches. These battalions, or portions of Battalions, were also compelled to retire before the Russian column, but they vigorously resumed the offen sive, when two companies of the 19th battalion of Chasseure, in reserve at Clocheton, and four companies of the Foreign Legion, from the building of the Car rieree. arrived at the scene of the conflict. "The General De la Motto Rouge, who occupied his pest at the trench in the first parallel, rapidly advanced with some companies of the 20th Liht Infantry upon the points attacked. When he reached the batteries No. 1 and 2, they were already abandoned by the enemy, who was thrown back upon the opposite side of the ravine, at a little distance from the trench. Encouraged by the General,, our soldiers advanced with ardour beyond the first line of defence, pursuing the enemy, and subject in, him to a murd erous fi re . Th ey s t o pped themselves at the height of the building called ' Du Rivage,' taking up a position behind the walls, whence they continued their lire. " While these events were going on, and at the first report of the fusilade, I mounted my horse and adopted the following dispositions :—I ordered General de Lour mel to proceed directly upon the burnt house, and General d'An re ll e t o march in advance o f his front along the Seba.stopobroad, which borders the sea. "His Imp er i a l Hi ghness Prince N apo l eon was in structed to h o ld hi s di v i sion under arms , an d it advanced as far as the Maison du Cl oc h e ton to support my right, while an effort was being made on the left. " Levaillant's division, having taken the place of the brigades of Lourm e l and Aurelle, at the moment of their departure), went in advance of their front in columns by brigades. General Levaillant placed himself at 500 metres behind this line, to judge of the moment when his aid would b e necessary. " I pla.c e d myse l f at the head of the sth b atta li on of Chasteurs and o f my artillery, and I followed the ravine of Ca.rriere perp en di cu l ar to the Se b astopo l roa d, f or th e purpose 13f cutting off the r e t rea t of the enemy in casehe should have advanced beyond the batteries No. 1 and No. 2. Such were the general dispositions which I took to put myself in a condition to be prepared for every event on the side of the corps de siege. I was briskly attacked ; I heard the fire h the direction of Inkerman ; I knew that you were then smartly engaged ; but not being olds to judge from what side the most violent effort would be made, I felt bound to advance to the combat with my first lines, supported by the whole of my reserves. "The brigade of Lourmel, carried away by indescrib able ardour f or their chief, bore down the enemy before them as soo n as they met, Two battalions of the 26th Regiment iaf the line furiously pursued the Russians, who retired in disorder. It was then that General de la Motto Iron e, percei v i ng G enera l d e L ourme l arr i ve on the height o f th e Quarantine, where he was in position, followed him in his movement of offence. Our troops, stimulated by the ardour of success, very nearly reached the walls .3f the fortress, impelling before them the mass of Rus ' i all's, while the section of artillery, commanded by Lieutenant de la Hitte, poured upon them a shower of shells. and balls. " I had taken position, with the five battalions of Chasseurs, on the right flank of General de la Motto Rouge, atrd on the height of the Quarantine. "Thinki ng th at the pursuit of the enemy was carried much tor, far, I sent th e Chef d'Escrado n D auvergne an d le Capitaine d'Etat-Major Colson, to bear orders to the Generals to retire immediately. There was much diffi culty in effecting this snovemont, so great was the ardour of the chiefs and tha soldiers. The retirement was sup ported by the position which I occupied on the right, with the !rye battab,ons of Chasseurs, in the centre by the rest of the brigade of Lourmel edelonnee, and on the left by General d'Aurelle. This genera l o ffi cer h a d inclined t ow , Ards the sea-s h ore, and had taken by main force, in *Lite midst of a mass of projectiles discharged from the, bastions of the town, the buildings of the Quaran'ane, which he occupied with the first battalion of the 74th Regiment of the line. He had left in second a dominant position, Colonel Beuret with two battalions, ready. for every event. " Th e occupation of this building was very useful. It protect ed effectually the retreat of the brigade of Lour mel, a .nd I cannot too much approve of this disposition adopted by General d'Aurelle, for it put an end to the desper ate fusillade by the Russians, who, having been brou ' tht again in advance, bordered anew t h e oppos it e (the i Forth) side of the Bay of the Quarantine. The fire of th e. 74th Regiment, directed with certain aim, forced them to retreat a second time, and to retire into the fortn no. It was upon the opposite side that I wished to ar teat the pursuit of the enemy, if, impelled by a warlike ardour, which I deplore, the brave General de Loon u el had not led his troops beyond. In this pursuit, serier4 ly wounded by a ball which traversed his chest, he gave - r p the command to Colonel Niol, who was obliged to eff ct a retreat under au extremely violent fire from a 11 the batteries of the place, a movement which did not t e rminate until they reached the back of the ravine of th es Quarantine. " 0 ur losses have been very considerable, but I do set l e :Hove I am far from the truth in calculating at about 1,200 the number of the Russians killed, or placed hors c le combat. ,:he enemy obtained no advantage in compensation for h losses, for our trenches are intact; and of the eigh guns spiked, six renewed their fire immediately, and the other two did so to-day. 6t f. cannot g ive too much praise to th e t roops engaged on 'tile sth of \Tovember. I was most completely sup per to dby every one--generals, officers, and soldiers. 'rho qtaoars of my staff, from the commeneemout.of the siege, and in particular during the day of the sth, have never ceased to distinguish themselves by their bravery and sang froid. " General d'Aurelle exhibited a high degrc:e of military intelligence during this day. "General Lourmel, who, though wounded very se riously, did not give up his command until his strength was exhausted, has been the admiration cf all. Ho has succumbed to his wound. I cannot express to you the grief this misfortune occasions me. The army loses in him a general whose chivalrous bravery knew no ob stacle, and a chief for whom there seemed to be reserved a high destiny. "You will remark, General, by the number of officers put hors de combat, that they were the special object of the fire of the enemy. The French officers, proud cf their position, do not disguise their rank, like the enemy, under the capote of the soldier. "I am, with respect, Ste , "The General commanding the Corps de Siege, " FOREY." " BEFORE SEBASTOPOL, Nov. 7, 1854. "ARMY OF THE EAST—CORPS OF OBSER- VATION. " REPORT RESPECTING THE BATTLE OF INKERMAN ON THE STH OF NOVEMBER, ADDRESSED TO THE GENE• RAL-IN-CHIEF OF THE ARMY OF THE EAST. " At the break of day, on the sth of November, the enemy showed themselves in position upon three points of our lines, namely,-1. upon this side of the bridges of Inkerman, opposite the right of the English. 2. In the plain of the Tchernaya, menacing the English redoubt. 3. In face of the telegraph. "They had occupied these positions under cover of the night and of a thick fog, and they opened their fire about half-past six o'clopk, before Inkerman, and before the telegraph. "I ordered the whole corps of observation under arms, and I went myself beyond the mill. General Bourbaki followed me with a battalion of the 7th Light Infantry, a battalion of the 6th Regiment of the Line, four companies of the Foot Chasseurs, and two Horse Batteries. "I there met the two English Generals Sir George Brown and Sir George Cathcart together. "I offered them my aid, informing them that I was followed by the troops which I have just mentioned, and by others which I could withdraw from the lines if the serious attack should occur in front of the English. They thanked me, and assured me that they had at that moment reserves, but that they had no one towards the right in the rear of the English redoubt, and they begged me to secure them at that point, which I at once did. I then went to ascertain for myself what would be the effect of the two attacks by the Tchernaya and the plain of Balaklava in face of the telegraph. They were evi dently false attacks. " I was examining the nature of the threatened at tack in face of the telegraph, when some English officers came to inform me that the fire had become serious on their right., Colonel Styl especially gave me excellent information, and I instantly caused General Bourbaki to proceed towards the English right. At the same time I gave orders that a battalion of Zouaves and a battalion of Algerine Tirailleurs to march in the same direction. Finally, a little after, General Antemarre received in structions to march towards the same attack with a bat talion of Zouaves and the two battalions of the 50th. "The two battalions of the 2d division had been directed since the break of day upon the telegraph ; sent one of them to the English right in order that they might join the two horse batteries already in motion. "I rejoined the troops led by General Bourbaki as they were about to form in line. All the ground in front of the English right was unoccupied, having no one upon it but the guard, who preceded by a distance of 20 paces the first row of tents. " I did not hesitate to push my two battalions in ad vance, with four companies of Foot Chasseurs, who charged the enemy with extreme bravery, and very nearly reached the small advanced redoubt on the right. "Upon the arrival of the battalion of Zouaves (Dubos .s crest madewh which h a f c r o e m s h m c a h n a d r i g n e g ? , a n a d n d c o t n h t e i n u A e l e i tr as s e f a T r i, T ir ailleurs , // etheu commands the ravine of the road. " I reckoned that the English would be able to sup port my left beyond the road, but they were prevented from doing so. The enemy turned my left by the road, and for a moment I was, I may say, surrounded. The Zouaves of the Commandant Dubos took the heads of the columns, which turned us, in the rear, and completely stopped them. It became necessary for me to reform my line for a moment, in order to resume the charge, which this time also succeeded in a marvellous manner. But the enemy, crushed by the fire of British artillery and of the French artillery, which I had caused to assemble on the crest in rear of my loft, at length offered no further resistance, except while flying. " In these encounters with the bayonet our field of battle was covered with dead; it was a real butchery; several officers had their horses killed under them. "The 7th Light Infantry, commanded by Chef de Bataillon Vaisser, showed an ardent and brilliant cour age, which merits particular notice, as likewise the skill and enthusiasm of the Foot Chasseurs of the 3d bat talion. _ _ " The battalion of the 6th Regiment of the line charged most brilliantly, and well refenged the death of their brave colonel, M. do Camas, who fell amid the ranks of the enemy. "The battalion of Zouaves, commanded by Dubos, manoeuvred with that intelligence and bravery at every turn which is never disturbed, even when surrounded by the enemy. "The Algerian Tirailleurs leaped as agile as panthers through the brushwood. This day does them honour, and likewise their colonel, De Wimppen. " The other battalion of Zouaves, arid the two bat talions of the 50th, gave us vigorous support, without having. occasion to charge the enemy. " During this combat the two horse batteries, under Commandant La Boussiniere, and the battery of the 2d division directed by Commandant de Barrel, bad to maintain a fierce duel with the Russian artillery, which was composed of 24 and 30-pounders in pasitiun, and of a considerable number of field pieces. Our batteries, aided by an English battery of 9-pounders, bad the honour of extinguishing the Russian fire, and reducing it absolutely to silence. This combat of artillery was di rected by the brave Colonel Foregot, who rendered me during this day the greatest services. "Finally, at the moment when the Russian fire was extinguished I caused to be led to the last crest a divi sional battery supported by two battalions, which co vered with shells and balls the bridge of Inkerman, over which the Russian troops rushed in great disorder, and we had the pleasure of seeing them fly in a complete rout. But this rout was protected by the marshes of Inkermann, which we unfortunately could not traverse, for otherwise our cavalry would have ended the day gloriously. "The brigade of General Monet, arriving in second reserve, had no occasion to act. It, however, expe rienced losses by the canuon-balls of the enemy, fired from pieces having an extreme range. " Before the telegraph we bad only one cannonade without wounded, but I feel real pleasure in here ex pressing how much the detachment of Marines, under Captain de Cautensen, served those excellent 30-poun ders, which kept the enemy's U.ne very distant, and caused them to experience a severe loss. " I have thanked the Generals d'Antemarre and Bourbaki, who so valiantly headed their troops ; and Colonel de Cissay, my chef d'6tat major, who has most energetically aided me. I wish - I could mention all the brave men who so well fought at Inkerman—but this would be to name every one. " The General of Division commanding the Corps of Observation. " BOSQUET." LAW INTELLIGENCE.—Dec. 2. COURT OF CHANCERY. SIMPSON V. SADD-JUDGMENT. This was an appeal from a decree of Vice-Chancellor Stuart, and was argued some time back, when judgment was reserved. The Lord Chancellor now said that the suit was insti tuted for the specific performance of an agreement for a lease of certain messuages in Lisle-street, and the question was, whether the defendant, who was the ven dee, was bound to accept a lease, and whether he had waived his right to have the lessor's title deduced in the ordinary way ? It appeared that the defendant had entered into possession of the premises, and the question was, whether his conduct was such as was inconsistext with an intention of insisting on the lessor's title being made out and investigated in the usual way ? It ap peared that, after the defendant had taken possession, he advertised for a purchaser of the premises, which he could not with propriety have dune if he had not thought that they had become his, and that he was satisfied with the title. He had also asked the plaintiff's solicitor to defer the preparation of the lease, "as he had a prospect of finding a partner in the matter, whom he wished to be included therein ;" and, on the whole, his lordship thought it clearly appeared that, on a date prior to the defendant wishing to be off his agreement, the parties understood that nothing remained t• be done between them but the preparation and execution of the leases. Under these circumstances, the Vice Chancellor had thought that the plaintiff was entitled to specific performance of the agreement, and that the defendant had waived his right to have the lessor's title shown, and his lordship concurred with his Honour in so think ing ; for, although none of these circumstances, taken alone, would be conclusive as to the intention of the de fendant, yet, taken together, they were sufficient to lead to the inference that he never intended to ask for more than a lease, and had waived his right to the les sor's title. On another point, however, of the Vice- Chancellor's decree, namely, as to the payment of the costs of a suit at law, which had been brought for the same cause of action as the suit in equity, it was clear that there was a mistake in ordering them—it was clear that the decree was wrong in ordering them to be paid by the defendant, as that point ought to have been left to the decision of a court of law, and in that respect the decree would be varied. The appeal would be dismisser . in other respects ; but in consequence of the variation which the decree now made would make in that of the court below, there would be no costs of the appeal on either side. DRURY LANE TREATRE.--After a season, successful - beyond record, Jullien's eencarts terminate this week. It is to be regretted that such is the case, as for the last month they have formed one of the most attractive enter tainments in the metropolis. From the commencement the house has been nightly crowded with a highly-fashion able audience, whose enthusiasm has been excited to the utmost by Jullien's last new war quadrille. Those who have not yet heard this production can form no idea of the treat in store for them. Jullien has an nounced his benefit for Wednesday evening ; he deserves a bumper, and we have no doubt he will receive it. M IRKET /V SlVS—(Ttrrs DAY.) CORN EXCHANGE. The supplies of wheat on sale in most of the country markets ion Saturday were but moderate, yet they were quit cqual to :he demand. Prices had a downward tendency. Barley gave way is. to 2s. per quarter, and all other articles were a dull sale. Advices from New York state that both wheat and flour were on the advance, with an improved export inquiry. Most of the continental markets have been firm for all articles. Only moderate supplies of home-grown produce were re ceived up to our market last week. The imports from abroad amounted to 7,063 quarters of wheat, 2,170 barley, 10,024 oats, 4,071 beans, 2,520 peas, 733 tares, 4,325 lin seed, 6 mustard seed, 30 sundry seeds, 476 sacks and 700 barrels of flour. The quantity of English wheat received fresh up to our market to-day coastwise was on the increase compared with Monday last ; but the general condition of the sam ples was by no means first• rate. By land carriage, the receipts were but moderate. As the attendance of both town and country millers was small, the demand for all kinds of wheat of home produce was in a very inactive state. The value of fine qualities was, however, supported ; but low and middling kinds sold heavily, and the quota tions were rather in favour of buyers. With foreign wheat we were fairly supplied. Selected samples were held at full currencies, but so little was doing in them that their value was almost nominal. I, . ferior parcels were exceedingly heavy, and offered on rather lower terms. Floating cargoes of grain commanded very little atten tion. We were fairly supplied with both English and foreign barley, and the trade for all descriptions was heavy at 2s per quarter beneath the prices obtained on Monday last. In malt very little was doing, and the rates had a down ward tendency. The supply of oats was large, and trade ruled heavy, at a decline of from 6d to is per quarter. Beaus—the show of which was tolerably good, moved off slowly, at barely last week's currency. The demand for peas was heavy, and late rates were with difficulty supported. We had a very dull inquiry for flour, at barely last Monday's prices. CURRENCY PElt IMPERIAL MEASURE. Wheat—Essex & Bent, Red .... new 69s to 823 Ditto...• ........ old 74s 803 D tto, White new 793 86s Ditto... • .... old 78s 87s Norfolk and Lin coln, Red, old 66s 753 Ditto new •• • • Gss 71s Rye—Old • • • • • • •• —s —s New .. • • • • .... 42s 47s Barley—Grinding ••• •• 32s 348 Malting . • • •• 333 36s Chevalier.• •• • 37s 333 +fait —Suffolk and Nor folk • • • • • • G2s 67s irown . • • • • •• ........ 58s COs Kingston and Ware 683 703 Malt—Chevalier .. •• 71$ to 73s Oats Yorkshire and Lineolnsk..Feed 27s 30s Potato ... 29s 32. Youghal and Cork lilaak •.•. 25s 29s Cork, White .•• .. 273 32, Scotch, Feed •• •• 28s 31, 13eans—TlEk 423 4Gs Pigeons .... 46: Ms PB9.s—Grey ..•• •• •• •• 37s 408 Maple ..•• • • • .... 42s 44s White ..• • • •• 47s 49s Boilers •••• 4ss 51s N'lour—Towu-mAde..• 68s 73s Suffolk • •• 54s 622 Stooktn 86 Norfolk s•t! sfis SMITH 'IELD. The show of foreign stock in to-day's market was very moderate, and greatly out of condition. From our own grazing districts, as well as from Ireland and Scotland, the arrivals of beasts were on the increase, and, for the most part, of fair average weight. Although the attendance of butchers was tolerably good, the beef trade was in a sluggish state, and, in some instances, the quotations gavo way 2d per 81bs. A few very superior Scots realised 5s 2d, but thetop general figure for beef was 5a per 81b. The bullock arrivals from Lincolnshire and Leicester shire amounted to 2,100 short horns ; from other parts of England, 300 of various breeds ; front Ireland 460 beasts ; and from Scotland, 260 horned and polled Scots. We were well supplied with sheep. Prime downs and half-breds were in moderate request, at last week's cur rency. Long woolled sheep moved off slowly, and the quo tations were the turn in favour of buyers. The supply of calves was but moderate. On the whole, the veal trade ruled steady, at last week's prices. There was only a dull inquiry e'er pigs, at barely last Monday's quotations. Last week's imports of foreign stock into London were 5,689 head. In the corresponding week in 1853 wo received 5 642; in 1852, 3,824 ; in 1851 , 6 , 593 ; in ISSO, 5,703 ; in ' 1849, 4,511; in 1818, 5,155; and in 1847, 1,91:3 head. IMPORTS INTO LONDON LAST WEEK. From Beasts. Sheep. Lambs. Calves. Pigs Tonningen. 250 ... Rotterdam 570 ... 1,101 ... ... 291 Calais — ... ••• ••• Harlingen Amsterdam 7O ... 671 ... ... Hamburgh l4l ... 53 ... ... Dordt 47 ... 1 ... Nrieu Mop-- 176 —. 1,318 Antwerp — ... ...-. ••• Total 1,430 3,859 369 1 The yearly comparison of weekly imports is as under : Boasts. Sheep. Lambs. Calves. Pigs. £53 1,163 4,086 „. 327 66 L 852 543 3,762 476 _43 LB5l 914 ," 5,174 ," 1850 1,43 S 3,675 - 381 124 - 399 "... 196 19 'sB3 3,GSS 218 2 Per slbs to sink the offals. s. d. s. d. s. d. s d. Inferior Beasts.... 3 4to :3 6)PrimeSouthdown 410 6 0 eeond quality.... 3 8 4 41Large crso. calves 4 0 410 Prime large oxen 4 6 4 &Prime small d 0... 5 0 5 6 Primo Scots, &c. 410 5 OlLarge hogs 3 4 4 2 Enferior Sheep ...3 6 3 S Small porkers 4 4 5 0 3econd quality ...3 10 4 2 &ekliugcalves ..22 0 29 0 Prime erse.-wilod.4 4 4 Spuarter old pigs 21 0 23 TOTAL SUPPLE. FOREIGN SUPPLY. 3easts .. 4,990 I 8ea5t5.................. 1,166 *leap .•• •• Sheep 3,15, C:av3s .............• .... 165 I Calves...". • ............. 128 A. statement and comparison of the supplies and prices of fa, stock exhibited and sold in Smithfield Cattle- Market, on Monday, Dee. 5, 1853, and this day, Monday, Dec. 4 1854. Per 81bs, to sink the otials. Dec. 5, 1853. s. d. s. d. Coarse and inferior beasts ... 3 oto 3 2 second quality ditto 3 6 310 Prime large oxen ... 4 0 4 4 Prime Scots, dm ... 4 6 4 8 1 Coarse and inferior sheep 3 0 3 4 second quality ditto ... 3 6 4 2 Prime coarse woolled ditto 4 4 4 6, Prime Southdown ditto 410 6 2' Lambs 0 0 0 U, Large coarse calves ... 4 0 4 6' Prime small ditto ... 4 8 5 0' Large hogs 3 4 4 0 seat small porkers 4 2 410 Beasts.., 4,751 Sheep ... 24,090 Calves._ 91 SUPPLIES ON SALE, Dec. 6, 1852.—Beasts, 4,699 ; sheep, 23,540 ; calves, 247; pigs, 250. December 8, 1851.—Beasts, 4,280; sheep, 23,900; calves 243 ; pigs, 410. Dec. 4,1854. s. d. s. d 3 4to 3 6 3S 4 4 '4 6 4 8 1 10 5 0 6 3 8 , 310 4 2 4 4 8 10 5 I , 00 0 0 .1 0 4 10 15 0 5 6 I 3 4 4 2 I 4 4 5 0 4,990 26,480 165 410 NEWGATE AND LEADENIIALL. These markets aro well supplied with both town and country-killed meat, in greatly improved condition. The general demand is steady, at our quotations : Per Slbs by the carcase. s. d. s. d. R. d. a. d. Beef, interior 3 4 3 6 1 Mutton, Inferior 3 6 3 8 Do., middling 3 8 310 i Do., middling 310 4 4 Do., prim 2 largo .4 0 4 2 Do., prime 4 6 4 8 Do., do. 5ma11....4 4 4 8\ Veal 4 0 5 2 Pork, largo 3 4 4 0 Pork, small 4 2 5 0 BOROUGH HOP. Very fow fine hops aro on offer, and the demand for them is steady at full priees. All other kinds move off slowly, at last week's currency. The imports since this day week have amounted to 182 bales from Ostend, 216 from Ham burg, 51 from Calais, 21 from Rotterdam, and 173 from Antwerp. Mid and East Kent pockets, 15/ lOs to 21/ Os; Weald of Kent ditto, 151 Os to 161 10e ; Sussex ditto, 14114 s to 15110 s per cwt. BOROUGH AND SPITALFIELDS. Since our last report, the arrivals of home-grwn pota toes have been on the increase. The imports have been only 48 bags from Rotterdam, 7 do. from Amsterdam 8 tons from Hambro', 2 sacks from Antwerp, and 82 bags from Belfast. A full average business has been transacted, as folio ws :—Scotch reds, 100eto 115 s ; do. Regents, 105 s to 120 s ; York Regents, 1103 to 120 s ; Lincoln*hire do., 100 s to 115 s ; Essex and Kent, 85s to 110 s; Blues, 100 a to 1053 ; Cups, 05s to 105 s per ton. WOOL. Foroign and colonial wool is very dull in sale, at nominal quotations. For English wool there is scarcely any demand, and prices continuo to decline. Last week's imports were only 30 bares from Bombay, and 77 from Hamburgh. The following are the current rates of English wool : Southdown. hoggets, is Od to is ld ; Southdown ewes, is Od to is Old ; half-bred wethers, is Od to Os 0,1 ; half-bred hoggs, 1s Od to is 10d ; Kent fleeces,ls ld to Is lid ; Leicester fleeces, is Od to is Oid ; flannel wool, 10d to is 2d ; blanket wool, 9d to is ld ; and combing skins, Os Od t•o Os Od per lb. SEEDS. Linseed las moved off steadily, at very full prices. Canary and clover are quite as dear as last week. Cakes command very full prices. Other articles are without alteration. Turnip,Virh/ te, per bush. 21s to 25s Swede ...• .... • • 24s 38s Vristard, 7.3rosvu ...... 8s lOs White, new • .. 105 —8 rares.Y. Inter, n0w.... II s 12s Catt.. • • • • ........ Os °JOB OJ Cana 7, per quarter .. 443 hBs Rye L Mass • • •• .. 24s 28s Clove r,Red Eng . . (cwt.) —a —s V 'bite •• —s —5 c ar rawity., 36s 40s Coriander•• •• •... 16i 18E lienipseed, per quarter Ca 448 Linseed. Eng• Sowing • • 66s 688 Crashing •••• • . •• 62s 648 Baltic ••••.. • • •• 58s 62F Odessa •• • • •• • • 63s 658 Linseed Cake, pr. tort— English • • . 111 Ils 12 10 Forelgu,por ton 11101 12: 10F gape Cakes, pr ton GI Os 6 10, Rapeseed, New,prlat 30 10i 341 Os Foreign Red...... - Whito...• —s —s t d I Trefoil. n0w.........• 10 203 TALLOW. Siuce Menday last the business doing in our market bas 1 beers very moderate, and prices have given way about 6-1 per cwt. To-day P.Y.C. on the spot is quoted at 65s 6d to 65s 9d per cwt. Town tallow, his 6il net cash. Roues fa't, 3s Id per 81bs. The quantity of tallow forwardnid is 74,000 cas k s, againwt overland from St. Petersburg 100 ,000 casks actual shipments in 1853. 1850. 1851. 1852. 1853. St. ock this da 5,62 1 P. ;ice of Y. C. C. [ !to ' 3 - 7 : 6 1 ,1 D slivery last week • • 2,5(2 C~ittofromJune 49,4-4 trrivals last week.. 521 Ditto from 'lanai 80,461 t'.ico of T0wn......1 384 61 71,317 60.222 87s Od. 47s 3d •o --a Od —1 Od 3 , 2 19 4,331 54,299 63,789 3.918 4,076 59,082 63,383 395 Gd 49s 3d 32,330 57s Od to —s Od 2,992 56,720 494 65,735 58s 0.1 AMERICA LIVERPOOL, The America has arri ve d w ith a d v i ces f ro m eV . ' York to the 21st, and 564,227 doll. and 8501.':.: She passed the Canada on the 23d ult. The Washington corre6pondent of the Herald states that a change was about to take place in the Cabinet by the withdrawal of Messrs. Marcy, Campbell, and Guthrie. Mr. Marcy is to replace Mr. Buchanan in Lon don. Mr. Mason will probably resign his post in France, and take a seat in the cabinet. Soule, Belmont, and Seymour will be recalled. American advices from Cuba to the 16th state that the Cubans contemplated a rising. The Secretary of the Treasury had given erotica that he was preparged to purchase, before the 20th of November, certain stocks, amounting to about 3,840,000 dols. The Herald states that a despatch had been re ceived from Mr. Buchanan in London, advising strong measures respecting Cuba, but that the Go vernment is not prepared for such a determined course. For public securities the tendency was down wards ; in consequence of heavy losses by fires and at sea insurance stocks bad suffered. The cotton-market bad declined. The transac actions in grain were limited, holders being firm. Their was a fair export and speculative demand for common brands of State flour, and the market was firm. In better grades there was less doing. Freights to Liverpool were firmer. Exchange on London, 1084 to 1091. The news f rom Europe was published at New York on the 23d ult. Flour has advanced. The market is unsettled, holders of wheat and corn asking a considerable advance. The money-market is stringent ; stocks dull. Cotton was dull and had receded. The Canadian had arrived at Portland. THE', PENINSULAR MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, SUNDAY NIGHT. By the Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam-ship Madrid we have dates from Gibraltar to the 24th ; Cadiz, 25th ; Lisbon, 29th ; Oporto and Vigo, the 30th ult. The Madrid brings on freight specie valued 14,9001., 391 boxes of oranges, and a sundry cargo of wine, dates, eggs, &c. She changed signals to-day with - a British line-of-battle ship off St. Alban' Heal. From Gibraltar we are advised of the incessant passage through the Straits of ships of war and transports laden with troops and stores towards the East. The steam-ship Cleopatra passed on the 17th ult. ; the Caudia, for Toulon, on the 20 th; the Robert Small, on the same day ; the Ripon, bound for Tonle n, arrived at Gibral tar on the 23d. The Royal mail steam-ship Thames passed the Straits on the night of the 22d. Her Majesty's screw line-of-battle ship Hannibal, with supernumerary Marines and ordnance stores for the Black Sea, reached Gibral tar on the 21st, and proceeded, after a short delay, for Sebastopol. The' steamer Rajah, with Govern ment stores for Constantinople, left Gibraltar on the 24th ult. Her Majesty's steam gun-boat Snake arrived on the 24th, iu six days from Plymouth, and sailed for the East. The screw steamer Melita, arrived at Gibraltar on tho 23d, en route for Smyrna. The troop-ship Alipore arrived at Gibraltar on the 24th ult. A British screw transport ship passed the Straits on the 23d ult., Name unknown. The steamer Amazon, bound for Constantinople, arrived on the 22d. The British b 0 Captain has put into Gibraltar, leaky. LATER FROill THEMRAZILS. ARRIVAL OF THE BAHIANA. LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY NIGHT. The Royal Mail screw steam-ship Bahiada, Cap tain Daniel Green, has just arrived, with ad vices from Buenos Ayres to October 12th ; Monte Video, 16th • Rio Janeiro, I s t u lti mo ; B a hi a , 6th ; Per nambuco, 9th ; Madeira, 24th, and Lisbon, 27th. She brought 5,2161. 12s. 6d. in gold (comprising 1,270 Spanish ounces), and diamonds valued at 44,966. sterling, and 12 passengers. At Monte Video, the poverty of the internal re sources of the province daily became more appa rent, and business in imports could hardly be in a more apathetic state. At Rio Janeiro, exchange on London ruled at 27i to 28, and on France, 345 to 348 per franc. Freights—To the Channel, 525. 6d. to 555. ; London and Liverpool, 40s. to 455. ; Hamburgb, 50s. to 555. ; Mediterranean, 555. to 60s. ; and United States, 70c. to 80c. Bullion—Spanish and Patriot doubloons, mil. 28 650 to mil. 28 750 ; sovereigns, mil. 8 700 to mil. 8 800. From Bahia we learn that the port was quite healthy, that sugars were coming in slowly, and the cane was beginning to suffer from drought. Some unimportant transaotions had taken place in Ex change at 271- Freights to London, 50s. to 555. ; Lirerpool, 40s, to 455. ; Channel (for orders), 02s. Gd. to 555. ; Hamburgit, 555. to GOs. ; and to the Baltic ports, 60s. to 655. per tou. The exports from Pernambuco for the year ended the Ist Nov. exhibited a total of 16,941 bags of cotton, 580,533 bags 89,374 barrels 5 boxes 676 cases, or 50,963 tons of sugar, 139,947 hides, and 5,901 pipes of rum. When compared with 1853, these returns exhibit a falling off. THE BRITISH FLEET IN THE OLDEN TIME. The fleet of Richard I. of England, when he weighed anchor for the Holy War, from Messina, in Sicily, where he passed the winter A.D. 1190-1, is said to have con aisted of 13 dromones, or ships of the largest size ; 250 ships of second-rate ; 53 galleys, and a vast number of barques and other vessels used as transports. Edward lll.'s fleet before Calaii, in 1317, consisted of 738 ships, carrying 14,956 mariners, being an average of only about 20 in each ship ; 15 ships, and 495 mariners, from Bay onne, being 30 to each ship ; 7 ship', and 148 men, from Spain ; 1 from Ireland, carrying 25 men ; 14 from Flan ders, with 133 men, scarcely 10 to each ship ; 1 from Guelderland, with 24 mariners. 15 of these were called the King's own ships, and were manned by 419 mari ners. It would thus be seen that the British vessels of that period were of a small size. About the middle of the 15th century ships of larger proportions began to be constructed. William Canning, the eminent merchant, who was five times mayor of Bristol, A.D. 1474, having forfeited the King's peace, was condemned to pay 300 marks--in lieu of which sum Edward VI. took of him 2,470 tons of shipping, amongst which there were one ship of 900 tons burden, one of 500 tons and one of 400 tons. In 1506 James IV. of Scotland built a large ship, which was lost on her way to France. In the fleet fitted out by Henry VIII. there was one ship, the Regent, of 1,000 tons. The Henri Grace Dieu, was of a still larger size, and said to have been the first vessel which accomplished a voyage round the world. At the present time, when so much atten- tion is directed to naval affairs, it may not be without interest to give the following particulars of our navy of former days, and which in 1575 consisted of only 24 ships, and the number of merchant ships belonging to England amounted to no more than 135 vessels of above 100 tons, and 656 between 40 and 101 tons. At Queea Elizabeth's death, in 1603, there were not above four merchant ships of 400 tons each. The largest of Queen Elisabeth's ships of war was 1,000 tone, and carried 340 men and 40 gu ns , an d th e sma ll es t 600 tons, carrying 150 men and 30 guns. The account given by Sir Wm. Monsen, about the time of the death of Queen Elizabeth a as follows :- 2 ships of 1,000 tons, carrying each 500 nen. 500 ~ 900 „ ft / 400 ~ a „ 800 „ 400 ~ 350 ~ 2 ~ 700 Of 400 „ 350 „ 1 300 ft tt 3 1) GOO ~ 4 „ 500 ~ f 7 2 ~ 400 "„ ft 310 fl 10 p 7 / 200 ',, If 9 smaller vessels ; 39 in the whole. 250 „ 200 „ 160 „ 100 „ TILE Tourrsu EXHIBITION.—The directors of this exhibition sof d benevolentlya issi oon Monday, announce that they Dec. y intend 1 tlo, for do- vo te the receipts the benefit of the Patriotic Fund, which will be paid over free of every expense. The Right Rev. Dr. Burgess, one of the Roman Catholic prelates in this country, died somewhat suddenly on Friday evening last, from an affection of the heart, at the convent of St. Frances de Sales, at Westbury-on- T r im, whither he had arrived in the afternoon of the same day on some ecclesiastical business. Dr. Burgess was in the 64th year of his age, having been born in the year 1791. He was formerly president of Prior Park College, near Bath, and is reported to have been a pre late of amiable character and moderate opinions. Ho eras appointed Bish( n of Clifton in 1851, succeeding Dr. Hendren, whose name was brought before the world in connection with the case of Miss Talbot in that year, .and 'who has retired to a monastery at Nottingham. ai- DE . ATH OF A CIENTENAIIIAN.— Died at Nairn, on Pway last, the 27th inst., Donald Ross, at the patriarchal 3 14 e of 108 years. This is the age which his friends directed to be inscribed on Lis coffin, but we believe he vas several years older. etas said e h as employed, when about 16 years of ag, one of the boat's crew in carrying stones from the opposite side of Moray Firth to Fort George, when that fo rtress was in course of erec tion. He was a native of the p arish of Nigg, Ross s shire, and came to reside o n t he small farm of Steps" about 25 years ago. Ile occu p ied it for some time, but was subsequently a carter in deathNairn. and Ross was on foot till within a month of his , re -34.192 tamed all his mental faculties to the latest hour of his 1 64 9d t° .kife.—lnverness Cour ier. 1,707 N zw GRANADA.—The adv ices received yesterday front 416 New Granada, both from the coa st and the interior, re -2,G23'1 present the insurr ectionary movement as drawing rapidly 39 ' 7 " i to a close. The Constitutional Government was holding 678 03 its sittings at Ibalpi, where the Congress was installed. Afe'V's:fft. ',./e‘,r, , 4wlkotaf - Rai, .a7t $- •