The Sun. — London, England, 1833-11-13 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF TIIE PUBLIC JOURNALS. We insert to-day two very interesting letters respecting Trades' Unions, or combinations among manufacturing workmen or artisans,— one of them, written with great modesty, from a journeyman hatter, under the signature of " A Lover of Truth," respecting the late case at the Mansion-house, and the other, with great know ledge and spirit, from a gentleman connected with Sheffield, who details facts respecting the Unions of that town, with which we have hitherto been but partially acquainted. We beg to call particular attention to the latter instructive com munication, and after expressing our hope that the lesson which it affords will not be thrown away either on capitalists or w or k men , s h a ll ta k e the liberty of making some further observations on the late Trades' Unions, b o th f ore i gn an d domestic. There seems to be a general excite ment at present in civilized Europe respecting the rights of industry, and the proportion in which its fruits ought to be divided between the workman and the master,—or, in other words, between immediate labour and capital, or accumulated labour. This excitement may have arisen from political causes, and has in some instances connected itself with political principles and associations. It has mani fested itself chiefly in those countries (France, England, and Germany) where poli tical knowledge is most advanced—where the discussion of political institutions is most generally diffused—where the Governments are least arbitrary—and where the lenitive political rights and duties of the different classes of society are best understood. It has formed unions, or combination of workmen or journey men, who agree to cease from labour till they obtain better terms from their employers, who organize themselves into large masses for mu tual support during the period of the interrup tion of their work, and who sometimes employ violence to prevent those of their comrades from continuing their labours, whose refusal to enter into their combination might defeat its efficiency or del y its object. These associations have been formed in some of the staple manufac tures of England, and exist in full vigour at present in the wool trade in Yorkshire. They have appeared, as described by our correspon dent, at Sheffield ; e hear of them among the hatters in London ; and they are threatened in some other branches of business. On the Conti nent they have appeared in Paris, at Lyons, at Frankfort, and in several other localities, in a great variety of trades. In the French capital they began with the carpenters, for whose ser vices the building improvements of the Govern ment created a great sudden additional demand. The potters, or the porcelain workmen, imitated their example. The journeymen tailors, a more important body, have latterly alarmed the French capital by striking for higher wages and dimi nished labour. The journeymen bakers are likewise in the field against their masters, or the public, threatening to reduce their antagonists by famine. And the shoemakers and journey men jewellers have not been inattentive spectators of the beneficial arrangements which they expect from the resistance of their fellow artisans in other necessary trades and handicrafts. The journeymen tailors at Lyons have hoisted the flag of their Parisian brethren, and pitched their camp in opposition to that of their masters. At Frankfort the tailors are likewise in motion, as if, according to the old song, " the devil had got among the tailors," and they were resolved to show that they had not only in their hands the dandy and the exquisite (who are their proper creation), but that they could deprive the more respectable part of the human creation of that sign of civilized humanity with which it is invested by their useful craft. There are two objects for a strike in manufactures, and among journeymen mechanics, which occur in very different or rather opposite states of the trade—namely, first, to resist a diminution of wages when the trade is slack, and when the master manufacturer cannot continue his former prices ; and, se condly, to demand a rise of wages, when busi ness is reviving, when it is prosperous, or when its profits are supposed to be increasing. The latter seems to be the case at the present mo ment over the manufacturing countries of Eu rope, and to have occasioned the existing com binations. The journeymen tailors at Paris aye therefore the modesty to propose a minimum wages, and a maximum of time for labour G‘er the whole of the shopboard business. The former is estimated at five or six francs a day, and the latter is fixed at ten hours. This regulation they promulgate as the charter of their profession, supporting and confirming it with quotations from the writings of the " Society of the Rights of Man." In this charter they forget that their employers likewise have rights, and that the portion of benefit which they insist upon receiving out of the joint production of labour and capital may be so great as to destroy the latter for the temporary advan tage of the former, and thus not only to ruin their masters, hut to destroy the fund of their own future subsistence. In one of the manifestoes of the Paris tailors we find the following rich mixture of political burlesque, with the produce of the shopboard, where it is quite apparent, from the cut of the style and the measure of the arguments, that the pen was not held by the calumniated ninth fraction of a man ;—" Is the rate of our wages in proportion to the amount of our wants ? Is the duration of our labour in a proper ratio to our physical strength ? Does it permit our faculties to develop themselves? Ignorance leads to depravity, arid the rich would thus wish to see us depraved, that a free course might be given to their cupidity, under apparent measures of public order. You thus see with what facility the wealthy introduce disorder into our domestic circles, corruption into our families, while they strip us of the dignity of men, by degrading charity. Let us, therefore, unite to de mand an amount of wages, which will, in the first place, permit savings for a slack season, and for accidental expenses ; 2, the time of rest neces sary for our health, and for the instruction of our minds ; and, 3, the relations of independence and equality with our employers." In the case of the Paris bakers, and the Lyons tailors, we find no such extravagance of pretension, though they both demand a rise of wages, which their employers most probably will be unable to afford. In all those trades wages have been gradually rising, and are now advanced to a rate that affords a comfortable subsistence. It is stated by the masters, and not denied by the journeymen, at Lyons, that a tailor may now earn from 20 to 27 francs a week ; that he can make a coat and a half during the week in his own house, f o r which he is paid between 25 and 27 francs ; or that if he works in the shop of his master, he received 31 or 5 francs a day,—no bad wages for France. At Paris, the making of a coat, as we are assured by the masters, has gradually risen from 7 francs in 1803, to 14, to 16, or to 18 francs in 1832. In November last year two francs more were added to the 18, and the jour neymen demand two more at present, saying that they may not stop short of 30 francs, which would give them weekly wages at the amount of 45 francs, or about 365. When the English Par liament regulated by statute the pay of the jour neymen tailors of London within the bills of mor tality, they were not so liberal to the artisans as these artisans have been to themselves in Paris. By the Act passed at the beginning of George lll.'s reign, and unrepealed till within the last few years, though not rigidly enforced, a journeyman tailor was only to receive 2s. 7-id. a day, except on the announcement of a general mourning, when his wages were to be raised to ss. and a fraction. The charter of the Parisian tailors would exalt them far above their brethren of the scissors in this country. The Paris bakers snake their bread more easily and more abun dantly, sometimes earning six or seven francs a day, and having generally four. When the price of living at Paris is taken into account, these wages would appear higher a great deal than in England. The legal principles of deal ing with these associations of workmen seem to be precisely the same in England and in France. Indeed they must be the same in every country where there is the least pretension to individual freedom, or the least regard to equal justice, combined with a due sense of the necessity of preserving the order of society, and guaranteeing the acknowledged rights of all its members. Every man in a free state must be at liberty when he chooses to withhold his labour (which is his capital) and to remain without work, or to sell that labour on any conditions or terms that he thinks best for his own in terest, and what an individual may legally do cannot become illegal when done by a number or by an association. This great principle has been universally acknowledged and acted upon in England since the repeal of the combination laws in 1825, which, without being able to re sist its operation, had no other effect than to in troduce illegal violence into transactions which can only be wisely decided by peaceful discus sion and negotiation between the contending parties. The combination laws absurdly made it penal, and punishable on the evidence of one witness, and at the discretion of two magistrates, for three or four persons to quit in concert their common employment, or to demand in concert conditions of remuneration which they mi g ht all legally do in their individual capacity. They thus converted every quiet attempt of workmen to better their condition by union into a secret conspiracy against the order of society,—they armed the master with the authority of the ma gistrate and the power of imprisonment,—to adjudicate questions the settlement of which ought to be a mere matter of arrangement be tween two parties to a voluntary contract, — and they necessarily extended the circle of disorder by destroying all distinction between what everyman's good sense must admit to be right, and what the terms of the statute de clared to be criminal,—between, in short, a concerted voluntary cessation from work, and a forcible interruption of the labour of those who chose to continue at their employment. The law, while it now permits every man to leave his work, or to join in bodies to cease from working, has acquired a new right to pu nish violations of order, or attempts at intimi dation, either exhibited towards the masters who resist the claims of their workmen, or towards the peaceable operatives who refuse to join the Unions, and continue satisfied with the terms of their existing contracts. Let, then, the law be strictly and universally enforced in this latter respect,—let a broad separation be made between the peaceable and the turbulent,—and let the most secure and prompt protection be extended to the latter against the machinations and ex cesses of the former. Let the ruffian tyranny of the leaders, who deny that freedom to others which they so broadly claim for themselves, be met with the strong arm of the law, and the vigilant interference of the police and the ma gistrate ; and then the Unions may be allowed, to act upon the interests of their voluntary members, and to incur all the hardships and privations of their abstinence from their toil, and the sacrifice of their means of subsistence, as long and as severely as they please. It ought likewise to be understood, that while in the Unions, and refusing to accept of the work tendered by their masters, they must be entitled to no parochial relief. We shall again return to this subject. TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir,—ln no place have combinations among workmen been more frequent, or their consequences more severely felt, than in the town of Sheffield ; and perhaps an ac count of what has there lately taken place may serve to point a moral even to artisans themselves. Anterior to the passing of Mr. Hume's Act, which, I am not mistaken, legalized unions of workmen for certain purposes, the masters then were subjected to the capricious dictates of their men, whose power was most despotically exerted whenever a run of good trade had enhanced the value of their services ; er when any offence, real or imaginary, had been offered to them collectively or indivi dually, their tyranny was usually manifested by with drawing themselves from their masters' employ, and pre venting others from supplying their places, which they termed " shelfing ;" and if any one of their body presumed to remain at work, or any new workmen dared to occupy their seats after sentence of " shelfing" had passed, the backslider or interloper was punished by a process too well known by the name of " rattening ;" e. g.—were he a grinder, an expert deputation from the committee of the branch to which he belonged did him the favour vice. during the night to visit his trough, and cut in two the band or leather of his wheel, and the instances were rare indeed when the perpetrators of such outrages were dis covered and brought to justice, the meetings of the bohies whence they emanated being carried on under the cloak of secrecy, from fear of legal consequences; but, no sooner had Mr. Hume's Act come into operation than the hood was thrown aside, and the various branches of the cutlery trade openly met together, and formed unions under the advice of a then popular attorney, the ostensible object being to promote their interests ; but, as will hereafter appear, ingenuity could not have devised a surer plan for the utter extinction, at no distant day, of the foreign trade of the town, and with it their own destruction as artisans. One would imagine they might rest satisfied with the present order of things, it being well known that many of them are in the habit of earning with ease from 41. to 51. per week, and none less than 18s. flow many deeds were prepared by the gentleman alluded to I cannot pretend to say—it is thought the number corresponds with the various branches of which the trade consists, which are probably between 20 and 30; among them may be noted the coal miners, the table blade forgers, the scissor forgers, the file grinders, the scissor grinders, the scissor smiths, and the razor blade grinders. The extent of these associations may be understood Item the fact that to one of the bonds are appended nearly SOO signatures. It is, however, but an act of justice to some whose names are subscribed. to state that all were not given voluntarily—some were called upon to sign without knowing their contents—others obliged to execute, on pain of being " rattened ;" while one was dragged from his workshop by a rabble, armed with sticks and other weapons, to the before-mentioned attorney's office, and there, fur the sake of peace, compelled to become a party (the attorney is not here charged as bring present or in his office on the occasion, but it is affirmed that one of his clerks wi tnessed the signing by the party under cote. pul siutngpi o li e : e ) d . c,ov, O n e cov e enant, to, e e f ibo t y s t u ti lt ue i ties cemented a bw s ya zo t c ontent as s they vainly y a the san of ctity oath taken on the book which members of sa f the n E ct •t b h Church reverence and regard as second only to the Bible— a book of Common Prayer was placid on the table, and after the signatures were affixed, five of them were directed to hold it in their hands by the bookkeeper, and swear " to stick to one another, not to work at an under price, and not to teach any fresh hands who should not have been three years at the trade." Let me now advert to the matter of the bond—the parties consist of the workmen on the one part, and (in general) the publican at whose house the branch of trade then held its meetings on the other. Among other things the former covenant to pav Is. per week for themselves, and 6d. for every apprentice, for the benefit of the as%o ciation, and, as a forfeit for each neglect, Id. per week. Then follow clauses limiting the time when apprentices shall he taken, their number, the persons to be instructed, and the prices at which work is to be done ; that if the masters shall act in an illegal or oppressive m inner, or if their conduct in the individual workman's opinion he considered illegal, arbitrary, or oppressive, the cases shall be referred to the Committee, who are authorised to call a general meeting, and if, in the opinion of such meetin.q, the masters' conduct be considered illegal, arbitrary, op pressive, or injurious to the trade, then the workmen are to give legal notice, and leave the masters' employ, and are not agai❑ to work for them until the grievance be re dressed to the satisfaction of the parties. Each workman, in conclusion, binds himself to the publican in the penalty of 201. for the performance of his engagements. Such are some of the distinguishing features of the iron rule under which the merchants and manufacturers of Sheffield have groaned since the early part of the year 1831. It is difficult to imagine how any professional man, gifted with ordinary acuteness, could have been induced to stake his repot ition by preparing deeds which bear on the face of them such incontestable proofs of illegality ; their baneful influence would at this moment have been in active operation in all branches of trade, but for the indiscretion of the attorney, who has not only marred his own handywork, but found it convenient to leave his clients in the lurch at a time when his aid and counsel were most needed. Had he been content with the profits arising from letters for payment of arrears of contributions (and it is said their number sent at the time the wrong card was played was not much fewer than 1,000), he [Li Ist have been still reaping the reward of his great ex ertions in the Unions' service; but at an unlucky mo ment he was led to adopt the expedient to which I next advert; as, however, the full extent of his ingenuity can not he duly appreciated unless I set before you the form of his circular, it is subjoined:— " Str,—l am directed by the Table-knife Hafters' Union to apply to you for payment of the debt due from you to them ; and sinless the same, together with the costs of this application, be paid to me within four• days from the date hereof, I have positive instructions to com mence legal proceedings against you without further no " I am, bcc. " Debt, IL ss. 6d.—Cost, 3s. Gd." The debt here demanded was for arrears of contribution and forfeits under the bonds, and you, doubtless, in com mon with the person addressed, would have dreamed of no other process in default of payment of a debt of 11. ss. 6d., than a court of conscience summons, or, at most, a serviceable writ from one of the courts at West minster. But, mark the superior cunning of the Unions' attorney above the common every-day practice of his bre thren. He hints not at arrest, nor at the forfeit of the 20/. penalty. No ; philosophers represent punishment to be more intolerable in anticipation than in the blow ; that would have been unnecessarily alarming the poor artisan; he quietly advises the committee of the Union to pounce upon him unawares ; the advice is adopted, and the man is consigned to York Castle for a period of 23 weeks on mesne process for a debt of I/. ss. fid. Nor was this a solitary instance of abominable oppression ; 22 other poor men were in like manner torn from their families when the debts applied for amounted only to from 17s. to 41. or Si. at the utmost, and languished in the same prison till he and they were liberated by a Judge's order, on filing a common appearance. The process files of the Court of King's Bench afford proof of the melancholy fact that, between July and December, 1831, inclusive, upwards of 60 bailable latitats were issued by this same attorney against members of the Unions, at the suit of the publi cans, or other nominal trustees of the associations. Of that number, those who had friends settled by paying, or securing, the debt (in some cases only 175.) and costs of writ and arrest, usually 4/. 18s. 6d. Some put in bail ; the rest, as before stated, were taken to York Castle, and during the period of their incarceration the house hold goods of several were sold at a sacrifice to provide sustenance fur their wives and families, but before re dress could be had it was necessary that the actions in which these poor men were defendants should be disposed of: destitute of the means, they applied to the masters for a helping hand, the boon was not denied, the plaintiffs' proceedings were urged forward, the Court's oral judg ment in three cases set Mown for argument was sought for, and no counsel being instructed to support the bonds, jud;inent was given for defendants by default. A record in anothet case was entered for trial, still no counsel appeared in support, and judgment was at length obtained, as in case of a nonsuit. In every one of the 23 sctions, and in others in which bail above had been put in, judgment has been take❑ for the defendants ; but one pub lican having been plaintiff in about nine of them, the united costs were more than it suited his convenience to discharge, and he relieved himself by taking die benefit of the Insolvent Act. Whether a sense of shame, or a con viction thit his " occupation is gone," has induced the attorney to desert his clients on the eve of trial, it is not for me to determine ; but that be has left them in the hour of their need it is certain. The masters, I am happy to learn, have now taken the oppressed under their special protection, and will permit no workmen to be molested by the Unions, whose pro ceedings are said to have lost to the mercantile houses of Sheffield, within the last two years, the execution of orders m the amount of 100,0001. It is to be hoped that as the " bonds" are now but as waste paper, the Trades' Unions in Sheffield will see the folly of their conduct, and henceforward go along in unison with the masters in support of the true interests of their important town, which will of necessity rise or fall in proportion to the union or disunion that shall exist between the two classes. I have the honour to be, Sir, your very obedient servant, November S. A SHEFFIELDER. —Times. Our Correspondent 0. P. R. has written a long letter on the Trades' Unions at present agitating France, England, and Germany. He attributes these organizations to the diffusion of education ; and supposes that those who pa tronised the Lancasterian Schools—William Allan, Henry Broughatn, the Duke of Sussex, Lord Holland, &c.—were not aware, when they sought to place education within the reach of the poor, that the latter would seek to make their knowledge available to the improvement of their physical condition. In this supposition, we are persuaded he does great injustice to the distin guished individuals in question. Every human being naturally seeks to promote his own hap piness as much as he can ; and it never was sup posed that any man would not avail himself of his knowledge to promote his physical well being. Nothing, we are persuaded, would more gratify the disinterested individuals who promoted education, than to learn that education had actually improved the condition of the poor. But it does not follow that they approve of the wild notions now afloat among the working classes. It is very easy to say that men have a a right not to be poor ; but if there are a num ber of poor in a country, how are they to alter their condition ? Will Trades' Unions work this miracle ? The handloom weavers in this country amount to many hundred thousands. Their wages are so low that existence must be a burden to them. Did any one ever su ppose that any combination or union could raise the wages of the weaver ? Not even the wildest enthusiast. 'rlie circumstances of any trade must be favourable for the purpose, or combi nation will be inoperative. Unions are only effective while there is a rising demand for work. We are anxious for the welfare of the labouring classes —we consider their welfare to be the wages area welfare of the nation. High g reat bles6ing to a country ; but high wages will never be obtained by fettering enterprise, a id deterring men possessed of property from embarking it in undertakings affording employ industrious. All i nter f erence will m a eviewntt o thtode i minish profits an d i ncrease wa ge, ' must defeat its object. " The labourer (says O. P. Q.) has a right to marry—has a right to have c hildren —has aright to e xp e ct to main tain them out of the gains of his active industry and patient toil." Granted ; but it may so happen that his active industry and patient toil will not enable him to maintain them. Is he then to help himself " out of the enormous fortunes of some ;" in other words, we are to have a scramble whenever patient toil and active industry are not sufficiently rewarded ? For some years there has been great distress in the iron trade. The furnaces in Staffordshire and Wales were greatly reduced in number, and a number of workmen were thrown idle. Of what avail was their right to have children, if the masters of the works could not carry them on without loss ? Robespierre was a great philanthropist of this school. According to Buonarotti, he thought that every man had a right to have children, and to expect that by his industry and toil he should be able to support them. With a view to assist the poor, he conceived that humanity required the destruction of the rich. His great object was to reduce mankind to a happy level. It was better, he said, that a few thousand rich men's heads should be cut off; than that the mass of mankind should languish in poverty. It is very easy to declaim on this subject ; but the short and the long of the matter ►s, that labour, like every other commodity, will be well or ill remu nerated according to the demand for it. The Trades' Unions may do mischief ; they may also at times do good, by counteracting the tendency to over trade. But that the condition of the working classes is to be materially benefitted by such means, we hold to be the greatest of al chimeras.— Morning Chronicle. We find in a Sunday paper, the Examiner' the following paragraph, under the head of " Rumoured Intentions of Ministers respecting the Assessed Taxes" : " There are great doubts whether Ministers will give up the assessed taxes. The evil genius of the Govern ment is for making a stand, as it is called, against the demands of the people. Those who desire the downfall of the Ministry can wish nothing more to the purpose than that they may attempt the stand advocated by Mr. Stanley. Even now, however, we repeat our often ex pressed opinion, that the fair assessment of houses is more advisable than the repeal of the tax. The great, who have evaded the tax, should bear their just share of it, and it were politic to continue the tax for that object. The instance of Lord Burlington shows how they would be acted upon by an equitable assessment. The window tax should be abolished altoge'her, and the house tax fairly imposed ; but Ministers, if they yield any thing, will, on the contrary, propose the repeal of the house tax and the continuance of the window tax." This statement of the rumoured intentions of his Majesty's Ministers we know to be correct. One of the first measures of the session will be the repeal of the house tax, which, if fairly im posed, would be one of the best and cheapest taxes with which the country could be burdened, but which, being unfairly assessed—falling heavily on the poorer and middling classes of society, and very lightly on those who are the most able to pay—has very naturally become the most odious, and is, in consequence, doomed to sacrifice. With regard to the window tax, how ever, we can positively state that there is not the slightest intention, at the present moment, on the part of his Majesty's Ministers, to repeal it, and, in consequence, that it behoves those who are desi rous of getting rid of it to adopt those measures which the Constitution has sanctioned, for obtain its repeal. For our own part, we are still of opi nion, notwithstanding all that has been_said and written respecting those taxes—we mean the house and window taxes—that they are just in principle, and that the whole of their injustice and oppression lies in the inequality of the assessment in the one case, and in the absence of a just scale in the other, graduated according to the means and capabilities of the people ; and that it would be much better to introduce reform into their assessment, and so continue them, than to repeal them, and to allow other taxes which press more severely upon the poor to remain untouched. Such, we have also reason to believe, is the opinion generally en tertained by those:who have studied the principles and operation of taxes, and who have no motive in supporting their opinions but a desire to lessen their pressure, and thereby add to the comfort of the community. If, however, the public continue to think otherwise, these taxes must go, at whatever sacrifice of future good.— Menzing Advertiser. The Globe says, in Roman letters, " We have reason to believe that all the fine writing about General Ellice becoming Governor of Portsmouth is utterly gratuitous, as no such ap pointment has ever been in contemplation." And the Times says, in italic letters, " This is just what we expected." Now we care little what the Times " expects," nor what the Globe has reason to believe." We will only repeat our positive assertion that the appointment is, or has been in contemplation. When Major- General Ellice shall himself explicitly state that he does not believe that his appointment to the Lieutenant-Governorship has been contemplated within the last week by those who have the power of appointing him, we will readily ac knowledge that our informant has grossly de ceived us. But, for the present, the matter stands thus:— We have reason to know that the appointment is contemplated. The Globe has reason to believe that it is not. We rest our statement upon authority upon which we are will ing to stake our character. The Times rests its denial upon the " well known ! delicacy and honour of Lord Grey !—Morning Post. , ATROCIOUS CRUELTY.—It is with pain that we relate the following act of cruelty, which was committed in Roker-lane, near Pudsey, on Thursday week. About one o'clock on that morning William Emsley came home; his wife had got his supper ready, and was sitting up expecting him. He threw the door open, and told her to go out of the house; she entreated him to sit down and get his supper, but the brute knocked her down. She again invited him to get his supper, and then he placed her upon the fire! She extricated herself from that dreadful situation, without any serious injury, but, as she was getting over a wall, on her road to a neighbour's house, he let loose a bull-dog at her, and, while the dog held her, struck her several severe blows on the bead. He then asked her if she would ever run away again, and she promised she would not. She got away from him as he was taking her back to the house, and ran through a gate into a field. He again set the dog at her, and while the dog worried her, he kicked and beat her in a most cruel and brutal manner. She cried out " Mur der," and a man of the name of George Tordoff ran with a pitchfork to the place. When the husband saw him coming he left the woman, and slipped the dog at the man, but he beat the dog off with the pitchfork. The husband then left the unh ippy woman, and walked away in the direction of his uncle's house; but when he had got a few score yards he returned, to see if his wife was in the house, and swore that if she were not dead he would kill her! The neighbours, however, rescued her from further violence. He went into the house, and declared that it any man went in or near him he would murder him. Mr. W. Hutchinson, the constable, came and charged another man to his assistance to take him into custody. He knocked the assistant down, but was secured immediately, and delivered up to the constables of Pudsey, by whom he was conveyed to the lock-up room at Brad ford, for the purpose of being examined before the Magistrates. The woman's jawbone is fractured, and her body nearly covered with bruises. Her lower extremities ire di eadtully lacerated and mangled by the dog. Her life is, of course, in the greatest d inger. She remains at the house of her father, Mr. St-phenson, of Faraley. We would fain hope that the husband is insane, --Leeds Intel. MARKET INTELLIGENCE. LONDON MARKETS. (From the " London New Price Current" of yesterday.) SUGAR.—Tbe Sugar Market continued in a very de pres‘ed state all last week ; the prices again fell Is. per cwt., brown 51s. a 525. ; the fall from the late highest point about Sc. per cwt. ; the estimated sales for the week about 2,000 hhds. and trs. The estimated males this day were 700 hhds. and trs. at last week's prices. The stock of West India Sugar is now 47,725 Mids. and trs., being 8,407 more than last year. The stock of Mauritius 76,940 bags, being 14,176 more than last year. The delivery of West India is 2,052 hhds. and trs., being 886 less than last year. The delivery of Mauritius is 2,321 bags, being 2,323 less than the corresponding week of 1832. The Refined Market continued very dull last week, and the prices still receding ; sales of Crashed were re. ported at rates Is. lower, fine at 315., good small Lumps 665. 6d. ; for the Crashed there were rather extensive inquiries, but the buyers continued to offer prices still 6d. to Is. per cwt. under the reduced prices of the market; for the home trade there was little inquiry. The Refined Market has a firmer appearance this afternoon, large parcels having been taken off the market at the late reduced prices; few goods are offering; fine Crashed, sales at 31s. and 31s. 6d., low Lumps 625. MAURITIUS SUGAR.—The purchases of Mauritius last week were quite iocensiderahle; the prices neatly in pro portion with West India Sugars. This day's sale of 1,092 bags of Mauritius not cleared by the speculators sold freely at Market prices, 525. 6d. a 578. 6d. EAST INDIA SUGAR.—The low qualities of East India Sugar continue inquired after for export, but no sales of any extent are reported. FOREIGN SUGAR.—There are no sales of Foreign Sugar to report. CoFrEx.—The Coffee Market was very heavy last week, and the prices generally lower; the good and clean descriptions of Jamaica supported the previous currency ; all other qualities were 2s. lower ; Demerara and Bar bice fell 2s. a 31. In Foreign or East India Coffee there was littledoing; a parcel of Brazil sold at 605., and rather extensive offers were made, but at such low prices, 59c. for fine ord., that the offers were immediately refaced. There were no public sales of Coffee this day, and up till a late hour this evening no private contracts were reported. COCOA.—This day's public sale 446 bags Trinidad Cocoa, sold very slow, 465. a 48s. 6d., formerly worth 625. and 635. Rum, BRANDY, AND HOLLANDS.-The Rum Market has been apparently more firm since the Government con tract has been advertised. There are several sales of proof Leewards at 28., which was not previously easily obtained. Jamaica is also more inquired after, though the Market must still be stated heavy. Brandy is dull, and there has been an additional heaviness since the opening price of the Brandy in France for last year's vintage transpired ; it is lower than what had been anticipated, tieing vintage of 1833, 130 francs per 27 veltes ; 1832, 150 francs ditto ; 1831, 180 francs ditto ; 1829, 195 francs ditto. In Geneva there are no transactions to report. TALLow.—The Market has been steady. The public sale of Friday consisted of Siberia and inferior (Soap) Tallow, and sold 425. 6d. a 435. 9d. 1932. 1833. Stock of Tallow on Monday 28,562 31,640 Delivery last week 1ND1G0....-.There is no alteration in the demand or in the prices of Indigo. Ftwitr.—The late arrivals of Figs appear of better quality and better packed than the first cargoes, they hive in consequence sold rather freely at 60s. ; Snip na Raisins in drums and barrels 425. a 435. ; new Valentia Raisins are in good demand at steady prices. OlL.—The Oil Market generally is firm ; the demand for Linseed Oil is still great for the home trade and expor tation. Rape Oil is also inquired for. Some small ship ments of Whale Oil have been made. Tu RPENTINIC. —The two arrivals this week, about2,ooo barrels, have been taken by the drawers at 13s. 9d. COTTON. —There are no purchases of Gatton by private contract. By public sale on Friday, about 1,200 bogs Surats were brought forward ; about one half sold id. per lb. lower than previous nominal prices, making the late reduction about 2d. per lb. from the highest point of the Market. WlNE.—There is a new and rather important feature in the Pert Wine Trade. Don Miguel has refused to allow the empty casks to be forwarded to the Upper Douro for Wines ; there will be, in consequence, a complete inter ruption to the supply of last year's vintage, and as all the Wines belonging to the Portuguese have been indiscrimi nately seized by both the contending parties, and in a great measure used and wasted, there is only the \Vine belonging to the English for the supply of this country, and the quantity is represented to be very limited. The stock here is touch reduced, as the late arrivals are all take❑ off the quay for immediate consumption, in place of going into the warehouses as formerly. IRISH PROVISIONS —The last week's import of foreign Butter was only 1,362 casks of Irish. It was, however, large, say 25,904 firkins, and of Bacon 5,483 bales, with further arrivals yesterday and to-day of about 6,000 firkins of Irish Butter, and 2,500 bales of Bacon. There are still several vessels with further supplies on the passage, and had the entire of the arrivals been landed, the stock would be much larger than it appears to be. The Butter and Bacon market continues heavy, at least purchases are made only by the trade to supply their immediate wants, all spirit for speculation among them appears completely annihilated. Friesland Butter at the quay we nominally quote 945. a 965. per cwt. , and the following are the prices demanding generally for Irish, Carlow 80s. a 83s. on board, 81s. a 555. landed ; Belfast 80s. on board, 82s. landed; Waterford 70s. a '74s. on board, 71s. a '7sy. landed ; Cork 735. a 745. on board, '76s. a 775. landed ; Limerick 735. a 735. 6d. on board, 765. a 76s 63. landed ; Sligo 70s. on board, 735. landed ; Dublin 68s. a 695. on board, 70s. landed; Westmeath 70s. on board, 725. landed ; Newry 695. and Banbridge 70s. on board, for parcels now on the passage. Prime small singed Bscon we quote 38s. a 40s. landed, and heavy 4s. a ss. per cwt. less ; at 355. a 365. there are sellers of Waterford size able, and of heavy at 325. on board for this and next month's shipment ; Belfast Bale Middles 325. on board, 325. a 335. landed; Belfast Tierce Middles 355. a 365., and Limerick 375. a 38s. landed; Belfast Bladder Lard 435. on board, 50s. landed ; Waterford and Limerick 508. on board, 525. a 535. landed ; prime small Irish Hams still in short supply, and in old Beef or Pork landed or in new for shipment, very little business doing. WooL.—The Wool sales of last week, about 2,500 bales Sydney and Van Diemen's Land, not only sold at full Market prices, but the ord. Is. 9d. a 2s. 61, sold at a further advance of 2d. a 3d. per lb. The prices were- Australian, good 3s. a 4.. 2d., ord. 2s. a 31. 3d. ; Van Diemen's Land, good 2s. 4d. a 35., low Is. Bd. a 2s. 3d. TEA.-Boheas in large cheats 3s. 10/1, buyers ; the Market generally is very firm. The demand for Boheas and Cangoits has increased. Clearing of all kinds last week 486,512 lbs. SPICES.-Tlie public sale of Cinnamon Ilth instant.- 111 bales Ist sort, taxed at 6s. 6d. per lh., sold at 6s. Bd. a Bs. 7d., not taxed 51. 3d. a 6s. 4d. ; 715 bales 2d sort, taxed at ss. 6d. per lb., sold at 5.. 7d. a 7s. 5d., not taxed 4s. 6d. a 51. 3d. First sort, fair to very good, sold 91 a Is. per lb. lower than last sale, the ord. untaxed about ls. per lb. lower. Second sort, good and very good sold very unevenly, some lots being Is. per lb. dearer than others of same quality ; the average may be 3d. per lb. higher; mid. 3d. a 6d. lower ; untaxed 6d. a 9d. lower. Broken sold about 2d. higher. SALTPETRE. -The India House sale went off Is. 6d. a 2s. lower. At public isle in Mincing-lane 2,184 bags Saltpetre sold 321. and 325. 6d. for 10 refraction, and 1,481 bags were bought in, 31s. 6d. a 325. 6d., the ion C s a nowroli n a 3 R 2e i c . e a fell day s t e T r d h per d 2 a s y .. s p u c b w l i t c . ; salesthe latter 121 a to 144- refraction. is q u o R t c t 1,400 bags cargo Rice, all taken in at 10. Toßacco.-The demand for Tobacco has subsided; the Market is heavy. EAST INDIA HOUSE SALE THIS DAY.)-10 tons Saltpetre, Company's E. I. Refined, 365. 6d. ; 646 tons ditto, 31 to 51 refractions 335. a 345. 6d. ; 22 chests Cloves, good bright Bencoolen, is. sd. a is. 6d. ; 15 chests Mace, fine 7a. 4d. a Bs. sd. ; 5 chests Nutmegs, brown unsorted, 7s. a 7s. 9d. ; 9L chests Csssia Buds, sifted, weak flavour, taxed at 80s., only 4 chests sold SOs. 6d. The Spices sold very high ; the Saltpetre, 15. 6d, a 25. lower. GLASGOTV MARKETS, Nov. 9. No sales made in Coffee, Pimento, or Ginger. 865 bags Black Pepper were sold at aid. ; and a small lot of fine Bengal Rice at 191. Runs is very 11,t; Jamaicas are held at 2s. 7d. a 2s. 9d. for 16 0.P., and Leewards at 2s. a 2s. Id. for proofs. Nothing done in llyewoods. For Ashes there has been more inquiry ; sales have been made in Pots at 235. 6d., and Pearls at 255. 6d. Y. C. Tallow is selling in small parcels at 475. Whale Oil steady at 181., and Pale Seal and Cod is naminally held at 191. per tun, old measure. For Raw Sugars there has beers a good demand this week ; the sales amount to 700 hbds. and tr. 3loist browns 525. 6d., dry browns 535. a 545. 6d. ; middling and good middling 55e. a 575. 6d., and fine at 6l s. No ales made in West India Molasses. Refined Suga rs n 'i t ; without any variation in price ; brown loaves ' 72 '" c „ tj a r a l S2s. for fine. Candy 10d. a 10id. Crashed Tei, are still scarce, and selling very freely ; brown s an u.,1 3001 lows 555. a 605., mid. and good mid. 60s. a 63a'' ye and fine 64'. a 675. Treacle dull ; partial " I" - been made at 225. 6d., and some retail parcels 05* ' • __........... COUNTRY CORN MARKETS DURING HE W >.--- Per Quarter. Wheat. _Barley. Oats. i ? t05.,,: a. to a. a. to a. s. to S. 53 4 0 Boston .............. 45 52 2 , 3 32 16 Gainsborough ....... 57 34 18 3 "; 4 0 0 Grantham 46 53 20 34 20 2 . 6 3,3 Grimsby 46 55 28 32 16 tX ) ,,„ yi 42 llorncastle--....... 47 54 26 34 14 Yu :39 7 4 2 Lincoln Spilsby—w 4B 52 26 30 16 20 32 4 - Stamford 4O 551 32 35 16 `2t. %24 3 5i ' York 4B 60 [3O 32 14 . . • NORWICH, Nov. 9. _ 035. ~,,3 ‘23. I Wheat (per qr.) .... 40s. 59.5. 565. Beans (per qr.) ~,,,,f 54, uuv' Barley —.......-- 20s. 265. 365. Pease, Grey..„,...........115. 4 3$ ' Oats --... 20s. 245. 265. Flour, fine (per sack) Wheat, whit, CANFERBURI. Nov. 9 --- 575. to 635. ........ 48s. to 6's , ... 265. to 325...,.... Grinding.. e 2 ,2' 20s. to 255. 3ls to 355. .......... 30s. to Nis. ;5,0' Barley, Malting Oats ...—..--, Beans ----- Pease ..---.. AIANCHEER, Wheat, per 701 b. Ss. Od. to Ss. ST 2d. Red Nor. 9 . 75. 0.1 . tO Barley, per 601 b 5 0 5 6 Oats 3 2 39 0 Beans, per Imperial quarter Pease, White, per Imperial bushel 5 0 4 Malt, per 6 Imperial bushels 3B 0 46 v Flour, per Sack of :280lb IRISH MX DUBLIN MARKET NO' .R K ETS. TE.—FRIDAY, NOV. t, e rOft From To i‘ a 3 l o ~678 Wheat,per barrel 20 stone 19 0 30 0 ..• 9 3S Bete l6 stone 11 3 6 li 4 905 Barley.... .. 16 stone 11 0 14 0 g 1,472 Oats —.....—... 12 stone 8 0 12 6 _... 14,607 Cwt. Flour--,. 9 stone 5 0 20 0 I I ' 739 Oatmeal 8 stone 9 0 13 0 0 Sold to bakers only. 5 10,909 Cwt. Flout —.................... 13 6 20 0 Average price of Wheat and Flour Is. Od. per So°'so` o ,i Firsts, nri 17s. 6d. to ip A t Receipts of Flour, 14,206 Semi(' )m 14s. Od. to 9' Sales of Do. 14,607 T hirds, , m ss. Od. to PRICE OF —7li d. I Is, ........ froi fro] BILEAD. [lalf Quart (juartern Loaf. CORK MA RKFTS.—Nov. 9. Wheat (per 20st.) Barley (per 16st.) Oats (per 14st.) Flour (per cwt.) 5 0 IS 0 Oatmeal (per cwt.) 0 0 0 10 .., d bu Beef, sd. to 6d. ; Mutton, sd. to 6d. ; Veal, 6d. to Pork, 2d. to '2ld. ; Fresh Butter, 11d. to 12d. Per /Li, , PRICE OF BUTTER. To the 1 1yrchants. To the C666,0111°°;. 61 40 First Quality Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth CLONMELL M 2 Per kRKETS.—Nov. 8. Cwt. s. d. s. tl. New Butter 72 0 to 75 0 Oatmeal 10 6 0 Rendered Lard 40 0 42 0 S. 1/ 4 Hides (raw) '32 0"- Bacon Pigs at 0 'Heads 18 0 Flour, Second .... 0 ati 01 —Household— 0 30 0: Per 11 Dag. Flour, Thirds 24 0 / Fourths 14 0 4 Rapeseed. ...... 2O 0 —Ol Bore 10 0 11 01 Per S Wheat 1 21 1 3 Oats 0 71 0 0 Per I' .111 VI. [Bar l ey 11 0 1 !Coals ;tone. f 'Tallow (rough) 5 6 I I Potatoes 0 6 / 'ound. Mutton ....... I al V, .al 0 5 Fresh Butter 1 0 1 2 Beef o2i 0 4 3d.pteor p ; er W ib h . e ; at i : t . : t• v i ° r hag; Oats Ss. to 10s. r pn at, ; Coals s. Id. per cwt. i KILKENNY.—Butter 765. to 8C per barrel ; Flour 12s to 30s. pei rel ; Barley 10s. to 12s. ; Beef to f•d. ; Potatoes 4d. per stone Pigs 265. to 275. Od. per cwt. SCOTCH MARKETS. 11 ADDINGTON CORN MA RKET.—Nov• 9 'ol Wheat. Barley. Oats. Pease. p o i First 62s Od 34s Oct 2!s 3d 295 ed 001 i Second s4s Od 28s Od I 20s Od —s Od Third There were 472 qrs. of Wheat in market, 440 whereof z 32 Uwsold.-0 Grey. Average Iss. Ild. 0.12th5>../ 0 t)AL.KIE'I'H CORN MARKET.—Nwv. -• ftel Wheat. Barley. Oats. Pease. First ROs Ott 32s fid 214 4d Ms Od I Op) Second sisOd I 28s Od 20; Od 3'2s Od Third 424 Od 1 21, Od I 7 4d 304 Od MEETINGS OF CREDITOBAO AT THE COURT, BASINGHALL-ST' (From the London Gazette.) TO-MORROW, I , ov. 14. , DIVIDEND. C. Barham, tavcrn-kceper, Dev•crux-,ourt, Strand C. L. Birch, coach maker, Great Quee.i-street ........•••'•'" W. Reynolds and Co., wine.merchant , , Idol-lane, T o p e I street ............................................................... T. Morgan, wholesale-ironmonger, St. Peter's-alley, CO' The Rev. 1)r. Wall, F.T.C.D., 1135 flfr purchased the Mount Eaton estate, in the county °i perary, for 41,000/.—Dutlin Paper. WINNISPISCOGEE LAKE.—This la ke : New Hampshire, N.A., is one of the most beautiful", of water in the world, 22 miles long, si.d varyid e three to eight in width. The waters are '!eep, sweet, being supplied by ri!ls from the iniuntainit, surround it. The lake abounds in excellent fish, 0 %1 add greatly to its beauties are the numerous islaeu'ilioif tered about it, probably the tops of other hilh l ' o ,4 huge masses were but partially engulphed in the o r„ sion which in some early period of time opened th e l y into which the surrounding waters flowed. This fj a favourite resort of the Indians, and when t he/ IF, resting from the chase fishing in its waters afltrd ej e 10;, alike nourishment and recreation. These Indisrle,Vd, long since retired into the Canada+, but they see° o aro possessed an exquisite taste for rural and pictureil ifoe nery. Their villages and settlements all prove the of of this remark, and, if the translations are ca re IV very names which they gave to their favouri te j 0 4 1 rivers, and haunts, were expressive, delicate, 3° 0 6 ) appropriate. " Ohio" is said to mean the m ost b € o # if of rivers ; " Nahant," the lover's walk ; and the this lake the " Smile of the Great Spirit." T he ;d i situated in the immediate vicinity of the White I\l° 6 i ifelo the high parts of which may be said to be coverr o A l everlasting snows. Their heads are said to be s '! ) , above the adjacent valleys, and these valleys the level of the sea. —Sporting Magazine. BIRTHS. ~1 On the 12th inst., at Blackheath, Mrs. W. IL D a ' son. OP, On the Bth inst., the lady of J. C. Hickson, Esq, MARRIED. On the 12th inst., at All Souls, St. Marylebone, td Austin, of Oxford street, to Elizabeth, youngest doug h T. Bartram, Esq., of Princes-street, Leicester-square. , j ) , On thesth inst., at Madron, Cornwall, F. G. Jona ° gi Esq., of the Middle Temple, Barrister-at-law, el(1 0 1 ; ) Robert Peel, Esq., of Wyndburne House, Lane° I Anne, youngest daughter of Thomas Peel, Esq., of r e° 9o; On the 22d ult., at Leghorn, John Wilson Pillallh e Trieste, to Jane Davidson, eldest daughter of the late General E. S. Broughton, of Rossend Castle, Fifeshi,l;i4 On the 12th inst., at Sonning, Berks, Mr. George %,‘ Croft, of Whitechapel-road, to Eliza, youngest William Simmons, Esq., of Dunsdon.green, Oxon. y .. 17 On the Bth inst., at St. Mary's, Newington, Mr. T. of Bartholomew-close, to Miss A. Bury, of W a lwort ll ' 4o o; On the 31st ult., at Madron, Cornwall, Charle s, son of the late Rev. George Moore, of Garlenick-h° ° wall, to Eliza, only surviving daughter of the late Dennis, Esq , of Penzance. th e On the 6th inst., at Maxwelton-place, Glasgow , )7 Edmund Dalrymple Hesketh Knox, 8.A., Trill/000 Cambridge, to Isabella, youngest daughter of the AJI Strang, Esq., of Dowing-hill. On the 6th inst., at Birkhill, Stirling, Mr. J a mes merchant, Leith, to Margaret Graham, eldest d l Patrick Muschet, Esq., of Birkhill. DID. , On the 10th inst., at his resi E dence, Baring-pia - e , l I, ir Henry M. Teed, Esq. 1 0 I On the 10th inst., George Pinckney, Esq., Of /, Wilts. lel On the 7th inst., in St. James's-street, Dover, Atkins, in her 77th year. 0 0' A d On the 11th inst., of paralysis, Mrs. Palmer, of 0 terrace, Edgware-road. d f", On the 11th inst., at Margate, Mr. William Ari -e il it 25 years. ef , or ' On the 9th inst., suddenly, at Uckfield, Suss- ~, Deane, Esq., of Phillimore-place, Kensington. A Y ,rl' On the Bth inst., at No. 1 1 , Howard-street, Still,'" 9' dingham, aged 35. f 1/ 'th inst., of decline, Joseph Cording , ° ' 50/I" On the lltt, ,st., ger-lane, Cheapside, aged 24. Onthe7tcholliengset.: Cambridge, and James d s son of B :ir. rrid o e i tll , Magdalene mast O er, of the former place, aged 19. h O n the 7th inst., at Morton, Mr. John LacY, office of postman between Morton and Gai P l oot i Pey nearlyl 15 yews he journeyedstrictestwiththeregularly uponinte n gr a ity. o t u oti l decrepit, before his death. Aged M. CP On the Bth inst., at the Vintners' Asyluto, street, William Phipps, Esq., upwards of twen ty tary to the respectable Society of Vintners. 7 , 4 ri PRIXTBD AND Pe/8L15116D BY M U it D 0 Y ° Styx Ornc; 112, oramniq le d , i , 4 to ~ F ie , \V, 114 i