The Sun. — London, England, 1833-09-07 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. It would he almost superfluous to call the especial attention of such of our readers as take an interest in projects for promoting the inde pendence and ameliorating the condition of their frugal and industrious, but less wealthy brethren, to an article in this day's journal, headed " Pro posed Rules of Societies for granting Govern ment Annuities pursuant to Statute 3d William IV. c. 14." That statute was enacted for the purpose of enabling the trustees and managers of savings' barks to form rules for granting imme diate or deferred annuities for life, or for a term of years, on the funds of the contributors to those institutions, and at their desire. The Act allows, likewise, parochial societies to he formed for the same object, provided the rector or vicar. or minister, of the parish, or a resident justice of the peace, shall be one of the trustees of the parish society. The rules of such societies, when agreed to, must be signed by two of the trustees, and certified as conformable to law by the barris ter appointed to certify the rules of savings' banks. The " proposed rules" for the parish societies which may he formed to execute the benevolent object in view, have been drawn up by Mr. Tidd Pratt, the said bar rister, and ought to be extensively circu lated. No annuity, by the existing Act, can ex ceed 201. We have always been steady supporters of the utility and zealous advocates for the ex tension of savings' banks. When well managed (and we have heard of no single instance of mal- Versation), they effect an unequivocal good, and are liable to none of the objections to be brought either against the principle or the conduct of friendly societies. They compel no union of the industrious with the idle,—they enable no man's necessities or doubtful health to encroach on the funds of his more honest, resolute, or self deny ing associate,—they have no tendency to relax exertion by holding forth a prospect of being able, in case of need, to fall back upon resources which personal economy did accumulate,—they lead to no local combinations, no committee work, no ale-house meetings,—they reserve to every contributor the fruits of his savings, with the interest which they produce, and they restore his funds at any time that he may demand them. They thus encourage frugality and economy by reserving to the individual contributor, at all t imes, a complete control over his accumulations, without deduction for management, and without a participation of the gain with others. Having this view of the utility of savings' banks, it is gratifying for every friend of the industrious classes to reflect that the fruits of their economy thus accumulated for their benefit amount to the great sum of about 16,000,0001. Among the working classes of society, the fru gality, economy, and foresight which conduct a contributor to the savings' bank are never so litary virtues ; they always pre-suppose or create other estimable qualities, with which they enter into an intimate alliance, and from which they derive mutual support. They are always grounded on the possession of self control—the power of resisting the attractions of present gra tification for the attainment of future good—the faculty of suppressing the immediate demands of vanity or sensuality for a more striking distinc tion or a more lasting gratification in future. l'hey always, likewise, encourage an inde pendence of character and a feeling of self respect which the needy and the spendthrift never feel. Thus, though the savings' banks were only considered as moral engines for im proving the habits of the people, without adding materially to their comforts, they would deserve the support of every enlightened philanthropist. If more generally extended, they might, to a certain extent, counteract the effects resulting from a bad administration of the poor laws ; they might compose one of the best measures of po lice, one of the cheapest defences of order, one of the strongest excitements to industry. In this way we may regard the 15,000,0001. or 16,000,000/.administered by these establishments as an immense fund of " recognizances" given by the industrious classes for their patriotism, a tbriety, and good behaviour. But one thing was wanting to complete the efficiency of those excellent institutions, which the act of the recent session has supplied, and which the regulations in another column will enable parties to carry into execution. It is well known that as the depositors in savings' banks enjoy certain advan tages not extended to other fundholders, the sum which they are allowed to invest in them is very limited in amount. Suppose a contributor deposited the whole of the admissible amount of 150/. or 2001., it would afford but a slender provision for him, if he were obliffed to draw it out in his old ag e , a nd liv e u p o n' it as capital ; but it might enable men at an advanced time of life to purchase an annuity, which, with other aid, might make him comfortable. But how are the poor, who are generally interested in such institutions, to learn the manner of transacting such business, or of selling out of one kind of stock to purchase in another ? The act of last f, , sion relieves such a contributor from this difficulty, besides undertaking the guardianship of other funds, which without such a provision would not have been sent to these beneficent institutions at ail. We cannot do better than quote an excellent account of the object, and an exposition of the advantages of this act, from the Ministerial pamphlet ( The Reform Ministry and the Reformed Parliament) to which we have already so often referred : " Persons acquainted with those institutions are aware that, of the friendly societies, a large proportion are based on erroneous principles, involving their ultimate ruin, and that in the majority of them the hard earnings of the contributtrs are exposed to partial or entire loss from the rapacity or the ignorance of the managers. To avoid these disasters, a labouring man may have deposited in a savings' bank the surplus earnings of his labour from childhood ; but when in the decline of life be wishes to relax his toils, be may lose his deposit, from want either of knowledge or of means to invest it productively and securely. Tbese calamities are dreadfully frequent, and not only throw an independent and noble minded labourer into the workhouse, to avoid which be has been abstinent through life, but produce more general mischief by the di•couragement of provident habits. One such instance may crush the frugality of a whole village. From 14,000,0001. to 16,000,0001. of the earnings of the la bouring classes are exposed to these casual:les. Again, a seaman or a labourer in a distant service wishes to have his surplus wages sent home and applied to the payment weekly stip en d to h i s aged father or mother ; but there is no trusty person who will take care of the deposit, Or trouble himself with the apportionment and payment of the instalments. In a thousand instances the labouring classes have not the opportunities of giving effect' to family affections or friendly sympathies, possessed by those who hare guardians and txrcutors at their command, and can claim the services of the highest offic..r of the State. "By the Ministerial measure of the 3d of William IV., i e. 14, Government bas taken upon ts!!f the guardian ship of these cases. By that A ct the depositors in sayings' banks, and others, are enabled to purchase Go vernment acnuities for fife or for years, and e ithe r imme diate or deferred. Experience may enable the Govern ment2l. to extend the amount beyond its present limit of 201. a year. Tables of insurance have already been framed, and have been sanctioned by the Treasury. The whole of the money advanced is returnable in case the contract hag party does not live to the age at which the annuity is to become payable, or is unable to continue the monthly or annual instalments, Thie measure will receive the beneficial application of a vast amount of savings most meritoriou'ly accumulated, and in innumerable ways con tribute to the comforts and the advancement of the social condition of the great mass of the people."— Times. A good deal of the evidence taken before the Agricultural Committee has reference to tithes. This most difficult question will once more be agitated next session ; and the Committee, no doubt, wished to obtain the opinions of practical agriculturists on the subject. That the country will be immensely benefitted by having tithes permanently commuted will not admit of a doubt. But the very principle of tithe is so iniquitous, that any attempt to follow it in a permanent settlement will be strenuously ob jected to by the owners of the land. In Scot land, the question was fortunately settled during a comparatively rude age, when there was great uniformity in the agriculture. Horticul ture might be said to he unknown ; the same land was always cropped in the same manner ; every farm was divided into in-field and out field ; the former, which was the land imme diately around the farm-house, received all the manure, and was made to produce corn ; the other served for the pasture of the cattle. The towns were few, and contained few inhabitants. The single town of Glasgow contains at present more than double the population of all the towns of Scotland at the time of the Union. The various crops required for the supply of a rich and luxurious town population, raised often at an expense which bears no proportion to the rent, were unknown. The Act of Charles 1., which settled the tithe question of Scotland by fixing the tithe at one-fifth part of the rent, and which gave to the owner of the soil the option of re deeming the tithe at nine years'purchase (not much below the usual number of years' purchase which land used then to sell at), laid down a principle which would be little objected to. It is other wise, however, in England, in the present day. It is one of the evils of delaying reforms too long, that they become at last almost impossible; and we are reduced to choose between incessant agi tation, and a reform of such violence as almost to amount to convulsion. The rent in England is no criterion of the value of the tithe. Acci dental circumstances in England often determine to a particular crop of great value, raised, how ever, at an enormous expense. Were the land employed in the production of grain, the tithe would be small ; but when employed in bearing an expensive crop, it becomes of great value. Thus the tithe of hops, for instance, is much more valuable than the rent of the land on which they are grown. In a number of the crops which, from being in the middle ages of small value, were left to the vicar, and are yet called the small tithes, the tithes are of infinitely greater value than the rent. A gentleman of Kent Informed us, that on land which would not let at more than 1/..5. an acre, he raised 30 tons of mangel-wurzel an acre, which at 1/. a ton, would give the Vicar 3/. an acre. But this value is obtained by dunging at the rate of 5/. an acre, and expensive labouring. The moment this ex pensive manuring and labouring ceases, the crops cease to be valuable. To give the Vicar permanently the tenth of what this land may have yielded during the last six or seven years, would be to impose a burden on the land greatly be yond the rent—in fact, would be to take the land altogether from the owner. The difficulty of valuing tithe permanently proceeds from this, that the value depends entirely on the cultivation. The tithe owner has no controul whatever over the cultivator. On poor cold clay land, the expence of cultivating, which is very great, so long as it is made to produce wheat, the value of the tithe may greatly exceed the value of the rent. On light and easily worked soils, again, the rent may be very high, and the tithe com paratively of small value. This difference is indicated by Mr. Charles Osborne, in his evi deuce before the Agricultural Committee : " In valuing tithe, are you of opinion rent forms any fair criterion of the tithe to he imposed ?—Not an exact criterion : the more expensive the soil, the higher the tithe in proportion. Some land only rtquires once ploughing with tw•o horses, and other land three or four ploughings with four horse,. " As the groundwork of calculation, is there any better medium than rent when taken in conjunction with the quality of the soil ?—No, it would not do to take a valua• 'ion on the same principle on every description of soil. " If the rate in proportion to the rent were to vary with the qualities of the soil, is there any fairer proportion than that deducted from rent ?—Yes ; it would be charging the rich fertile land higher than it would be able to bear ; it does not cost more to cultivate an acre of land at 40s. than an acre of land at 10s. " The greatest burden would fall on the best land ? —Yea " Is not that best land best able to bear that burden ? —The best I,nd always pays best. " Have you ever turned in your mind what would be the equi , a) le system of commutation of tithe ?—No, not sufficiently to pledge myself to it." Mr. Peyton, speaking of land in the vreald of Sussex, let with difficulty at about six shillings an acre, says that it bears about twenty bushels an acre, but that they cannot get an acre of wheat under twelve guineas. The tithe of twenty bushels, however, is two bushels, and as the rent is not one bushel per acre, the tithe is just twice the value of the rent. But were this cold clay land converted into pasture, the tithe would be worth little or nothing. The diffi culty of commuting tithes is therefore inherent in the very principle of it. And the difficulty is still increased by the circumstance of the great and small tithes being often owned by different parties. ;: It is, hardly possible to lay down any proposition universally applicable to these two descriptions of tithes. Some circumstance, such as the discovery of an excellent iron mine in the vicinity of coal, draws a large population to a spot before thinly inhabited. The most profitable cultivation of the land in the imme diate neighbourhood would be, perhaps, pota toes. This would give the tithes to the Vicar. But were the works to be abandoned, and the population to disperse, as potatoes cannot bear the expense of distant carriage, corn crops would be raised, and the owner of the great tithes would take the place of the Vicar. A canal carried through a district enables the farmer to convey bulky articles to market, which he did not for merly raise. Such are the constant fluctuations in agriculture, caused by the incessant changes in the state of the country. The towns of Suf folk, Norfolk, and Essex were the seat of an extensive woollen manufacture thirty years ago. The manufactures have, for the most part, disap peared, leaving beggary and wretchedness behind. Hence the difficulty of ag eeing to any settle ment founded on circumstances which may change every day. But yet it is obvious the longer the settlement is delayed the greater will be the diffi cu l ty . The principle of one-tenth of the produ ce , w i t h out referenc to the exp ense of cultivation,- is so i nqu i tous that it hasseldom been followed in practice, and must not be thought of in a permanent settlement. A tax on the rent would be an abandonment of the principle of tithe, and the owners of tithe would object strenuously to it. We suspect, however, that no settlement on any other principle than a proportion.of the rent, will be conserved to by the landowners. The great difficulty will be with the lay impropriators.—Morning Chronicle. In Mr. Hamilton's " Men and Manners in America," the coarseness of American news papers is accounted for from their cheapness. "In England (he says) even an insinuation against personal honour is intolerable. A hint —a breath—the contemplation even of a pos sibility of tarnish—such things are sufficient to poison the tranquillity, and, unless met by prompt vindication, to ruin the character of a public man ; but in America it is thought ne cessary to have recourse to other weapons. The strongest epithets of a ruffian vocabulary are put in requisition. No villainy is too gross or improbable to be attributed to a states man in this intelligent community. An editor knows the swallow of his readers, and of course deals out nothing which he considers likely to stick in their gullet. He knows the fineness of their moral feelings, and his own interest leads him to keep within the limits of de mocratic propriety. The opponents of a candidate for office are generally not content with denouncing his principles, or deducing from the tenor of his political life grounds for questioning the purity of his motives. They accuse him boldly of burglary or arson, or at the very least of petty larceny. Time, place, and circumstance, are all stated. The candidate for Congress or the Presidency is broadly asserted to have picked pockets, or pocketed silver spoons, or to have been guilty of something equally mean and contemptible. Two instances of this occur at this moment to my memory. In one newspaper a Member of Congress was denounced as hav ing feloniously broken open a scrutoire, and having thence stolen certain bills and bank notes ; another was charged with selling franks at 2d. a piece, and thus coppering his pocket at the expense of the public. The circumstances to which I have alluded, admit of an easy ex planation. Newspapers are so cheap in the United States, that the generality even of the lowest order can afford to purchase them. They, therefore, depend for support on the most ig norant class of the people. Everything they contain must be accommodated to the taste and apprehension of men who labour daily for their bread, and are of course indifferent to refine ment either of language or reasoning. With such readers, whoever peppers the highest is surest to please.' " Mr. Hamilton proceeds to say, that if the Chancellor of the Exchequer re moves the tax on newspapers in this country, "the consequence will inevitably be that there will be two sets of newspapers—one for the rich and educated, the other for the poor and ignorant. England, like America, will be inundated by productions, contemptible in point of talent, but not the less mischievous on that account." It does not, however, appear that in America there are two sets of newspapers ; they are all coarse and virulent. As all sellers select the largest market, every newspaper editor naturally consults the taste of the greatest number of buyers. At present, in this country, the taste of the middle class the great majority of readers—is generally consulted. The effect of an abolition of duty would, perhaps, be to lead to a more homely production than that now raised ; something which would be a compro mise between the middle and working classes. There is no question but that the taste of the majority of readers will generally prevail in pro ductions dependent on popular favour. But this is one great argument for improving, as much as possible, the working classes. At pre sent they certainly prefer, like their American brethren, what is vituperative and highly sea soned. The nice shades of discrimination are not calculated for the tap-room. But is it not dangerous to lay down in this broad manner a principle, that because the working classes are not so refitted as their superiors, a commodity is to be taxed, not for the purposes of revenue, but to place it beyond their reach ?--Morning Chronicle. The elaborate attempt made by the writer or writers of a Ministerial pamphlet to recon cile the public mind of England to the foreign policy of Ministers can impose upon nobody but those to whom hardihood of assertion is an acceptable substitute for argument and fact. Never had a tool of any Government a more hopeless drudgery inflicted on him than to endeavour to persuade the British public that the course of our foreign policy has nog been destitute of energy and wisdom, and as adverse to the interests of this country as it has been disgracefully favourable to the ascendancy o f Russia. We express this opinion more "in sorrow than in anger." It would have been a • much more agreeable task to have been enabled to give Ministers honestly the praise i of sup porting the character, defending the interests, and vindicating the honour of England in all transactions connected with our foreign rela tions. But it would be a desertion of the duty which we owe the public —nay, it would be encouraging Ministers in the dangerous infatuation of their course, if we, as a portion of the independent Press, were to join in the chorus of senseless praise bestowed upon them by their venal fhtter,rs. We have, from the outset of their Government, • warned them against the ambitious designs of Russia. The slicers and taunts of the sycophants of the Treasury were di rected against us. They were lavish of their eulogy upon the honour and good faith of Russia—a power which, from the day that it led on the March of Imperial robbery in the first partitioning of Poland, has aimed, by every crooked artifice of treacherous diplomacy, and every seasonable application of brute force, at the establishment of a dominion utterly inconsistent with the liberties and civilization of Europe. In the case of the Belgic question the Ministerial writer says the present Government " found a course chalked out to them by their predeces sors—they might modify it as they advanced, but could not, even if they had wished to do so, retrace steps already taken." It is very ex traordinary that if the present Ministers could not retrace steps already taken, they should think it possible for the Duke of Wellington and his Cabinet to retrace their steps on this very subject. Only two or three days before the Whigs came into office th e y l ou dl y c h eere d a notice of motion given by Mr. I - Lbhouse, to induce the Duke of Wellington, through the medium of an address to the Crown, to retrace his steps, and to act on the principle of non interference in Dutch and Belgic affairs. Now the Duke of Wellington could either have retraced his steps with honour, or he could not. If he could, the Whigs were certainly not more bound to adhere to the policy of the Duke than the Duke himself. If he could not retract with honour, the motion of the Whigs must have been merely to embarrass the Govern ment—just as Lord Althorp admitted that he voted against the assessed taxes. The Whig, out of office, has advocated many things which the possession of power has taught him to be impossible. This looks like a paradox, but it is nothing but the simple truth. A Whig Minis try now declares that the engagements Were in violable which the Duke of Wellington had en tered into with regard to the Belgico-Dutch question, anti which the Whigs, when in oppo sition, called on the Duke himself to violate. We have had recourse to this argument before, but. a repetition of the sophisms of the Whigs makes it necessary to repeat its refutation. Be sides, the case which the Ministers endeavour to establish fails in another respect. The Duke of Wellington declared that he only took part in the dispute between Belgium and Holland as a mediator, who, under no circumstances, would be justified in having recourse to warlike measures. The French Foreign Minister at that time, Se bastiani, made a similar declaration. He stated that the Conference of London was a mediation, anti would never lose that character. How does the Anglo-Gallic Convention, with its Dutch embargo and its slaughtering siege of Antwerp, agree with the character We. media tion ? It is a violence to reason, and an abuse of terms, to say that a mediator has any right to use force—his office is that of persuasion. A fighting mediator was a political monster, not known until generated by the alliance of such statesmen as Talleyrand and Palmerston ; the latter of whom declared, that the slaughter of Antwerp was an " amicable" proceeding—and that knocking thousands on the head by cannon and musket ball was a preservation of the peace ! If it be a preservation of the peace, it is cer tainly after the Tipperary fashion. What did the Anglo-Gallic Convention, the bloody siege of the citadel of Antwerp, and the Dutch em bargo effect ? Literally nothing in the way of t h e s ettlement of the Belgic question. The avowed object of the Convention was to facilitate the settlement by clearing the Belgic territory of Dutch troops. This is expressly stated in the Convention itself. Has Belgium been cleared of Dutch troops ? No such thing—the citadel of Antwerp was indeed taken, and Belgium has it as long as France chooses to leave her nominal possession of that which the French arms alone captured. But Dutch garrisons still occupy the forts Lillo and Liefkenshoek on the Belgic ter ritory, which can do more annoyance to Belgic trade by the command of the Scheldt than the citadel of Antwerp could. The Ministerial pamphleteer has recourse to a falsification of the Convention for the purpose of showing that its object, by the reduction of the citadel of Ant werp, was accomplished. Any person who takes the trouble of perusing the text of the treaty Will see that it pledged the two Powers by whom it was made to clear the Belgic territory of Dutch troops—an object which was not accona pli,hed. Possibly our Ministers and the French Government received a seasonable hint from Russia, that if they proceeded further after the reduction of the citadel, the " peaceful war" would be met by just as peaceful a resistance on the part of the despotic Powers. However this may be, the Anglo-Gallic Convention was never carried into full effect by land ; and as to the proceedings by sea, they were ridiculous in the extreme. A combined fleet was sent into the North Seas in the month of November, and after buffetting no enemy but the elements, returned, with drooping flag, back to our shores, while the Dutch laughed at our impotent demonstration. In the mean time the Emperor of Russia, who had his eye upon Turkey, and was resolved to make the declining empire of the Ottoman Chiefs his own, seized the oppor tunity of sending a fleet to the Bosphorus, in compliance with an application of the Sultan for assistance, which Nicholas most readily afforded him, and by that prompt and judicious move ment subverted the influence of both England and France at the Court of Turkey. The excuse which Lortl Palmerston gives for not complying with a previous solicitation of succour from England on the part of the Porte is the strongest condemnation which he could pronounce on his own policy. By the foolish act of blockading the coasts of one of our oldest allies and best customers, he was deprived of the means of succouring another ally and customer—so that we lost two of our best friends by the one absurd stroke of policy. The consequence is, that Holland has entered into a close commercial alliance with America, and Turkey has become a mere dependency of Russia. So much at pre sent for our foreign policy. We will return to it again, and touch on other points.—Morning Herald. We are glad that the ministerial paper the Globe has officially announced the recent pam phlet, " The Reform Ministry and the Reformed Parliament," as an authoritative ministerial woik. This work, it is now stated by authority, was too mighty to be undertaken by any single pen, and was accordingly committed to the persona in each department of the State who were sup posed to be best qualified to furnish eulogies which might escape derision or apologies which would not incur contempt. We rejoice in this distinct avowal, first, becluse it proves the correctness with which we estimated the merit of the pamphlet, for such a puff' would certainly have been withheld had there been the least prospect of the production obtaining any con siderable circulation without it; secondly, because there is an evident fitness in the association of a body of departmental advocates for the vindi cation of a government of departments; and lastly, because we find in the avowed fact that thiS production is a confederated - effort of all the talents at the disposal of the Administration, an excuse to ourselves and our readers for devoting to it some slight attention, of which but for the adventitious importance thus attaching to it it would have been entirely unworthy. The intro ductory compliment to the Reformed Parliament, of which we think we said enough yesterday, as it could scarcely be allotted in the division of Ministerial labour to the head of any separate department, must, we imagine, have been got up under the special superintendence of the Premier, of whose talent and temper it is an ad mirable illustration. That compliment, it will be recollected, was simply to the effect that the Reformed Parliament was not so very bad as t h e Duke of Wellington was falsely said to have predicted, inasmuch as one session had been got over without any attempt to dethrone the King, and without any absolute suspension of the action of Government. The triumph is that o f a person who, like Earl Grey, is de termined to make his own hay while the sun shines, and is much too intent upon this object to regard any clouds that may be springing up in the horizon. The next portion of the Ministerial joint stock production, which, to use the significant language of the Globe, " does not pretend to any other title to credit than is given to a man's estimate of his own deserts," relates to Ireland, and is of course, therefore, to be ascribed to Mr. Stanley or to Mr. Littleton, or to those Right Hon. Gentlemen in combination, if such combination he deemed possible. The paternity of thib vision of the work is, we fear, an insolvable riddle. It is dull and prosy enough to have been written by Mr. Littleton ; but then, on the other hand, it is also sufficiently shallow and audacious to be the offspring of Mr. Stanley. If each have contributed it has plainly been a tax upon the worst qualities of both. " The Ministry saw that unless they could devise some remedy, all was lost"—some remedy for the state of Ire land, which the pamphlet describes with suffi cient accuracy, omitting only that it was the policy of the "Reform Ministers" and the turmoil and saturnalia of reform which had mainly con tributed to reduce Ireland to this state ; and Mi nisters devised a remedy, which as " they did not disguise from themselves or the House, was an infringement of the Constitution." The Gen tleman who in this part of the pamphlet pre sents " his own estimate of his own deserts" proceeds to boast of the improvement in the state of Ireland which this infringement of the Constitution has produced. The boast is in judicious ; for a non-reform Ministry and an unreformed Parliament had persevered in their attempt to govern Ireland without violating the Constitution, and the dominion of the law had not been better, or even so well, maintained in Ireland by the Reform Ministry after they had deprived bar of the British Constitution as it had been maintained by a non-reform Ministry with the ordinary powers of the Constitution. Of this the pamphlet suggests the conclusive and unanswerable proof in the fol lowing few words, in which it slurs over one of the most important Acts of the Session in re spect not only to Ireland but to this country :-- " One of the last Acts of the Session was for the relief of the clergy in Ireland, and to afford time for settling the terms upon which an equitable commutation of tithe might eventually he effected." Relief of the clergy ! Why ? Simply because the reform Ministry, and the reforming Patliament, after having suspended the British constitution, under the pretence of a desire to restore the dominion of the law, either could not or would not uphold the rights of property which it is the chief object of all law to uphold and maintain. Relief of the clergy ! How ? by the imposition of a bur den of a million sterling upon the people of England, who habitually obey the laws, in order to relieve from debts, justly and legally due, the people of Ireland, who habitually break them ; distributing that relief from debt to the several individuals of the Irish com munity, in exact proportion to the degree of obstinacy and vigour with which each had resisted the law. This commentary on the efficacy of the Coercion Bill, and upon the wisdom and integrity of its authors, is suggest ed by the production of a body of statesmen engaged in the laudable task of supplying the world with their own estimate, of their own deserts. The Irish Grand Jury Bill, the Irish Jury Bill, the Irish Bishop's Suppression Bill, are all lauded by these modest statesmen as if their beneficial consequences had been already experienced. Men are proverbially bad reasoners and incompetent judges in respect to their own deserts. But what shall be thought of those who print and publish their own estimate of their own deserts, and expect the world to give them credit ? It seems probable that the arti ficer of this branch of the Ministerial pamphlet at the termination of his labour had the assistance of the Lord Chancellor, for it concludes with a very silly and perfectly gratuitous sneer at his Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland, in the precise tone and temper of some of the re cent exhibitions of that grave, judicious, and eminent person in the House of Lords.—Morn ing Post. MARKET INTELLIGENCE. LONDON MARKETS. (From the " London New Price Current" of yesterday.) SUGAR.-The demand fur West India Muscovades has been very limited all the week; the total purchases are estimated at 1,800 hhds. and tra. ; the holders are generally firm, and the opinion of the Market favourable, yet such is the heaviness of the trade that the prices must be con sidered 6d. to Is. per cwt. lower, but there are not many sellers at the reduction ; the brown still sell high in pro portion to the finer qualities. In the Refined Market there is little ♦ariation ; the demand is still entirely con fined to the home trade, and the buyers only purchase for their immediate wants. This afternoon the Refined Market still continues in the same inanimate state, there being very little inquiry either for home consumption or exportation ; in prices, however, there is no alteration. MAURITIUS SUGAR.-Mauritius Sugars this week are 61. to Is. per cwt. lower, yeliow 575. 6.1. a 615., brown 553. 6d. a 575. ; the latter support their prices better than the fine descriptions. EAST INDIA SUGAR.-East India Sugars are ls. 6d. a 2s. lower, being the reduction we mentioned on Friday last, which is now fully confirmed and the Market still dull at the reduction ; Siam low brown to good strong white 21s. a 28s. ; Java, soft brown to goad strung gray 24.5. 6.1. a 29.; Manilla, soft and bad colour 255. a 265. 6d. FoREIGN SUGAIL.-The reduction we noticed in the prices has induced the holders to withdraw their Sugars !TOITI sale ; there are no purchases to report. There are no public sales this day of Mauritius or Foreign Sugar, fair which there is very little demand privately ; the latter is offered at rather lower prices. COYFER.-There is scarcely any business in Foreign or East India Coffee to report.-British Plantation descrip. twos go off steadily at former prices ; good to fine ord. Jamaica 931. a 995. ; mid. Demerara 99a. a 101 s. A parcel of ord. brown Sum itra sold 555. 6 i. and 565.- By public sale this afternoon 1 745 hags Foreign Coffee, the chief part Havannah, the rest Br .zil; a decline took place of 3s. a 4s. on the superior, ant 2s. on the inferior qualities ; good to fine ord. calory Havannah sold from 665. a 68s. 6d., good ord. and ord. foxy 635. a 655. 6il. At this reduction no eagerness was shown by purchasers ; the whole of the Brazil, being foxy ord. pale, was bought in at 635. No inquiry for East India. COCOA.-By public sale 139 , bags ord.to good Trinidad Cocoa sold steadily 675. to 76d. 641. RUM, BRANDY, and HoLLANns.—Rums are again ad vancing ; proof Leewards are now held firmly at 2*. 3d ; and some fine marks of Jan:ides at 4i. In Brandy or Geneva there is little alteration. TALLOW.—TiIe Tallow Al .rket is rather more steady, and the price+ firm. bust' Pi ovisioNs.—Since our last of Tuesday the ar rivals of Foreign Butter have been about 3,000 casks, of Irish 6,000 firks., and of Bacon 1,300 bales. We cannot n.,te any altetation in the price of Butter this week, and the trade continue to purchase but to supply their hums. hate wants, Some few sales of new Waterford singed Bacon for this month's shipment are effecting at 575. a 38s. per cwt. on board for light weights, but for the Bacon at present lying at the wharfs (the stock of which is unusually lie.vy for the season of the year) it is difficult to give a correct quotation ; the quality is so various, prices run front 201. to 355. per cwt. For Bidder Lard there is an increased demand, and fine Waterford and Limerick we now quote 5.15. per cwt. For Bale and Tierce Middles, Hams, Beef and Pork, there is but a hal ted inqui.y, and prices are nominally the same as quoted in our last. SALTPETRE.—By public sale 1,218 big Saltpetre of fered, of which abo.it :350 bags only *OW, 2! . ; to 4} refrac tion 10i., which is is. lower. Saltpetre is very quiet this afternoon. ...... . COCHINEAL continues steadily to advance, and the greater part of the stock is held by houses who will not sell unless much higher prices than the present are ob tained. N 1 1:t e lia, n t is a lo d a ukingdecidedly l e tt er s i nce the last fresh G imp u l se i s g i ven t it t wrtck of th e A nn and A me li a, m lndigo of th e E a , t I nd i a Company ' s i a:d h . e vc —i unfortunate s h I* e r o 3 . !a a lr oftbe foreign h ouses are aga i n b u yi ng , .7 i i i t p h her e nts c . cargo of Same 'antler the idea that the next October Sale will go off at stiffer prices. TgA.-(East India House sile.)—Bobeas in quarter, half, and large chests have sold at 2s. a 2s. Ord., Congou chests at Vs. (Yd. 3 2., id, ; Congous are selling now . g cheaper than last sale, 41. to Id. per lb.; they "`P I V, dearer, common 2s. Id. a 24. 2 , good 2g * 21. 211., fine 2s. 3d. a 3s. F Abcd° SPlCES.—Pimento is dull at former pricesold,s ; lit to 1,100 bags at public sale only a small part c lo vy mid. 4 1 7,-d. a Sid.; Pepper is Id. per lb. lower, verY s. sold 54-d. a 54d. There ar e se ll ers of Cassia ;be Mace and Nutmegs are unvaried ; a small parc el ;es e latter was purchased f or ex p or t so l ow as ss. 6J• ofd' are also lower. This afternoon, on account of t cl t he parcel of Cassia said yest er d a y a t 74 5 . 6d. a itiq. 6 . inferior qualiti es are quo t e d l ower , b ut no parcel quality can b e obt a i ne d un d er 90 s . N u t me gs are 0 0 lb. lower, som e h o ld ers accept 7 s . 3d . , at which h a t il. has !wen transacted. Cl oves rema i n a t our last qua t i a d f In Pepper some busin ess h as b een d one a t 3d. a 4 lb. lower tha n l as t wee k' s pr i ces . RICE. --There are sales of Carolina reported a t prices, fine, duty paid, 34 5 . 6d. a 35 5 . to LAC DYE.—C ons id era bl e purc h ases continue sio, made, and l a rge p arce l s o f goo d an d fine qualitylO e n ce' l changed hand s s i nce our l as t ; t h ere i s ever y aPr aft !ii higher prices b e in g o bt a i ne d, t h e art i c l e being tremely low, comp are d w i t h a l most any o th e r, Parl' e as Cochineal ha s a d vance d so muc h. The O r COTTON.—The Cotton Mark e t is steady. - s o ro chases this we e k are 40 M a d ras , fi ne Sid. ; 40 0 dit ord. to good, Id. a Sad. ; 200 B owe d, m id. to g° ° 104 d. a 111 d. ; 100 Egyptia n , goo d f a i r 13 1 • C utr pe° Fiturr.—Th e pri ce o f new Z an t e an d Patras ba nal is to-day 2s. p e r cw t. hi g h er , some sma ll sale s been made at th a t a d vance . V a l ent i a R a isins o' quality are scarce, and more inquired after. 1# Hors.—Early in the w ee k th e accoun ts from L ''," 03 41 1 Plantations were unfav oura b' e , on account o f the " 3 itte done by the late gales; the accounts this Innr ning more satisfactory. The duty remains at 175,0001.; picking is general. o er SlLK.—Bengal Raw Silk in d eman d, at D. „. 1 0, advance on l as t sa l e ' s pr i ces , t h e prem i um no w 15 g -' OO l per bale ; China is selling at 21s. 6.1. a 224. per I l ' , ' ls si in great r e q ues t. I ta li an R aws cont i nue i n b r isk (W I at late prices. Foreign and English thrown brisk. PRICE OF SUGAR. & OP The Average Price of Brawn o r Muscovado Sugarr„,, from the Returns made in the week ending the S c o Sept., 16:t3, is 355. 101 d. per Hundred W e i g ht, excl o ,, r t: Duties of Customs paid or p a y a bl e th ereon on the InV . thereof into Great Britain. PRICE OF BREAD. lot is 9 ve ° " r' i; • 0 The highest price of Bread in th e M e t ropo lis 41b. Loaf. There are others who sell from %d. to AN that price. PRICE OF SEEDS.—Sept. New English Red Clover Seed (per Cwt.) —s. —9. fine . A, Old Ditto Ditto -e. —S. • 4ew Foreign Ditto. Old Ditto .-- New White Clover. Old Ditto Diti Nov Trefoil Rib Grass ----- --s. .....8. fin e fine ~ English Carraway SeecL....-*,....--.. -s. •-•8. 8 0 4 ' ape °;,, • F 'reign Ditto ... -s. __ B . 78 8 ..... 4 , /1, Voriander - - ....... . 253. Ss. fine . .. ll ''' . ''); .. -s. 14s. fine 40 . r o , St. Foin .(per Quarter).-......... 425. 418. Mt 4 09.; ‘ , Rye Grass - 4. -5 . ne " ... 4. 41 , Pacey Ditto -s -8. ne vi s ' . _ ' tine ..,$' Linseed, for feeding ,. -.. -s. 48s. fine 0 , Ditto, for crushing . 445. 50s. -. 1 . fo e-, Canary Seed, New ....... .... S. -5 . 70s on ; s 'itto ()Id ....., -s. -s. --" 4 * Aye - ', White Mustard Seed--(per 8u5he1)„..... -s. 12s. Brown Ditto ..........- ~.........._... -s. =. 0, . 51 ,2' Ititle6nP. Turnip Seeds, Rounds . -s. - 5 . L..- tin g ~ ,o , Green and Red Ditto ..............-..................... ..-6. .....S. 1 , 84 ; 6i. ' K J, Tares, Old— __. -s. ss. nn" 5.4. t y, Ditto "' ---, ft ... v ... -s. ss. 7....... 2 2/ > ,/ 9 61...,.. Fora" 149. ~.6,....1it , :areSeed, eiticEs 0)0 , HOPS.—Sept. 6. 01. Os. is 661: 7 00. New Kent Pockets (per cw t.) .... 4/ 15 04 Choicess.ol. Os. ° 01. 0 0° • C.' East K ,nt New S. , ssex Pockets Superfine Ditto Tlia Hop I 04 Os. (11. 01 71. Os. 01. Os. t°„ 51 g„, 41. O. 01. t' 01. Or Os. 01. Ps te„ 61. 51. os. 01. O. 5/. Os. 0/. Os.:>, sated at 155,0001. PRICE OF OIL. 15 0 .171. Refined ••••"' Rape Oil brown Linseed oil I_ Linseed Oil Cake at the Mill Rape Cake, thousand per ton WHITEL,HAPEL HAY aIARKt•''I•--S e P„ t 'fijOi• v' 653. Od. to 90s. Od. I Clover-- SO: 0 , 1- Straw 43, Od. to 27,, Od. t'ItICE OF l'Ol'Al'OES.—Sept. 6 ne r t ' New Ware Middling IL 9d. to 2 , !.,„'"' ditto. Chats PRICES 0I LEATHER. d. to 0 Per lb. d. to d. i Per lb. . 1: 1: 0 Butts, English. _ 15 25 , English Horso k1i.'7,.. 15 Ditto, Foreign .......... 14 21 Spanish Ditto ....."-- 0 Dressing klides----.. 12 15 Per dozen; tb , P Al Ditto .i 3 15 Calf - Skin,— SO io n 1S ;1 Ditto, light .- null). ‘ ,O Ditto ......... 40 to ..: , II Crop Hides, 1ight. ....., 12 14 Ditto 70 to 9O' li; iti Ditt0............5,40 to 501 b. 13 17 Small Seals. Dr o enlo . V.' Ditto SHEEP Polled Lambs 3s. Od. to 4s. 6d. I Down Lambs 2 6 3 6 0 SKI NTS. ' 4 .4 Polled Skins . v"*" ,1 Downs 2 0 140.0 . Graves 375. Od. 1 Good PRICE OF TALLOW, Town Tallow 483. RI. Yellow Itussia--.483. Od. White s. Od. Soap Ditto. Melted Stuff'. Ditto Rough, —i. Od. 21s. Od. r sto f SID:. PRICE OF RAW FAT, ny PLUCE OF CANDLES.. 0110, The price of Store Candles. in the retail shor___ er Candles. per doz. Ss. Od. to 78.0 d. Moulds, p dor 4. 'rice of (as sta, le 'fil COAL MAR Per Ton. s. d. ftdair's _ 14 fi Beaumont - — 13 3 Chester Main 13 0 Dean's Primrose 13 0 East Percy--.---. 15 0 Ellison Low Slain ---. 13 0 Hepburn Main — l5 6 Holywell 15 0 Ord's Redhugh 13 6 13 0 Pardield—. l5 0 Townley l3 Ii West Hartley lii 6 Walls End Bewicke& Co. 17 6 Ditto Burraton . .15 3 W.E. Clarke and Co.—. 14 9 Walls End Heaton.-- 16 6 Walls End Hilda. l5 6 Ships arrived since pur g tl iv o o l l i a b rc ,.."'"' n,, 5 Ditto Wa K 11 16 1 Walls End New,,""irs II 6 Walls End 1ti0 , "„7.... , 16 6 Walls End W 8 " - 05 c, ,, 16 6 Lambton's Prirn , 1 1 Walls End Hetto 0 00 , 0 „, j g 6 Ditto Russell's ' , Y on Walls End Laln i A e ttolP . W E. Russell's 16 Walls End Stes oJ l ,o ,, p W. E South Dur e Walls End Si 0 Cowpen l ° 6 Llanel ly~ 15 Walls End Walls Endliender 1 C l , MARKS Per Quartet ; 25 v - Barley. ............. , a 0 Oats ............ 0 4! Beans (per sack) , 1 , 0 v Flour (per bag)" 1 1 c Bread (per gall). ti sic e o , KNAVISH HOAX .—A few week l 09 person called at the Green Tree public-hou se ' pd ° t. ief s narn, in this county, kept by Mr. Tranter, 3 00 o oe t dinner and accommodation for a pirty of t e° ' do Vold to arrive from Crumlin on the following day' at theqiiiocef to a marriage which was then to take place , r lP e o OI O church, adjoining Mr. Tranter's house. 9, rief f nothing loath, immediately set about making,: ,:iir l ' e r eej preparations for en joyous an occasi.in. S A " g s e committed in the poultry yard, a tine hacn s he t t' for the pot, and numerous other comforts f c ' t /36 .0 1; A e r , le‘ t be man were seen in the well-furnished lar - ke P e tepho messenger of the welcome tidings must not ' f lit ,iol 4 , t t indeed he took good care to prevent that; el e o p t! - 0 , hous.hould on the alert during the wh°;- ,rl, got! : p e attending to his wants and wishes, and the 1 7 0 ,10 tO ti , Le played no bad part with the knife and o d Ib li c atl e o p dulged so freely in libations to the joIIY g to of host and others were obliged to carry hi":. 111 :1;,1 ° l t there to sober hi mse lf b e f ore t h e ar rival ( " e ol s ' the morrow. Th e n i g h t ' s d e b auc h, it (t er 4 pA r ,.he spoil his app e tit e i n de morning; an a l the fo r - o f breakfast he pro cee d e d to t h e res idence ° ro d)" je 1.41 1 . clerk, to whom he gave instructions to be t th e „ 1 013 ,i0 ceremony at eleven o' c l oc k. Wondering l og ag the bridal party, he said b e would stro ll did , ° ,,e 14,° 0' of the canal till he m e t th e m. The roc' bo r.+ ts o make his appearance ; and after a fe w b a d suspense, Mr. Tranter discovered that he posed upon. —Mon mouths hire Merlin. ( last tnarket-ti191__,..-:4°' DEVIZES CORN Per Sack. s. d. v s. d. Best Wheat 30 0 to 32 0 Second 25 0 28 6 Thirds 2l 0 23 0 1200 Sacks of Wheat sold] 26 4 at the average of ----------------.-----.---- f er 0 D JED. f '" the Pr 44 o . or ii M On the 6th inst., r. William white , 0 ._. D is Jo if e , f cock, Gibbons, and White, of Oxford-strect'eoetsh f if e On the '2d inst., at Übley Cottage, S°j'a ' of i n th st e ., B a a t th c l i l , o a lio e ' ~ Warner, Esq., aged 77. Mr(.l.l,..tlh'aeinset,h., Car ° 0 0 ' On the 6th inst., after a few hours' illne . , _ ed 51. 4 40 Esq., of Billiter-square, aged 57. tretl,ll,o'iciccgaet,lilKly;nati: jaw . 04 ,0 ti Ps iNz ' D aND PUBLISHEID BY MU It 0 0 Y V V Slat OFFItT, 112, sTsoir, ZONI VPI ti n l i t ,. tstal Sheobri s. g tell e t nt tllr e a f r ` ta:i t ' il klit ttatp,g been a P ttli; k f o ftr 4' 0 nd k NElk o , ur . Of,l u gOund °/°cl T o ''`•Fo 11 • ‘ l ltl elite e ttal ir ttn 41 i 1441, A b, d Lal i nin ri mp (b i4 g a e inur ° ri to : 141: tArt)etti ' 1 : e :0 4 41{) rin( G LI4 46 )1 1 1" ° ,, t 4 leitp, ` to 9l th `1 444, 4, 4 Ye a , or % p eal _ e 4 —s, .• 7: . grl e ~,,:-• 0. _.. _,. One -t .-P i n e polied upon.—Monn;ittis7:l2 .... ire 3 er in , 0 f ps rt h' _____-------- o 0 B Ili T 11S. in% Ego „IP,. On the sth inst., the lady of IL IL ''''''' , eva `. Park, Wilts, of a son. _Arnrcl -r° ; J et'. On the Gth inst . Mrs. Edw. L aw es, of 80.-izt ' y 0 On the 16th of April last, at Calcutta the ipe Leith, Esq., of a daughter. pi de. On the 16th of April last, at Caicuii , ; Leith, Esq., of a daughter. " Ile 0, tit oe• ALI TIMED. ~,,,pout e gt?,:ol.• On the 2d inst., at St. Andrew's Church, .'" 0 01 0 .,' Al' Rev. William Macbean, Lieutenant W. a J 3 31,0 v" ' o f foe oli o , giment, to Jane, youngest daughter of the of Thirsk, near York. 0 f: 01 : ' lli e On the sth inst., at Birdbrook, Essex, daughter 0 " eV Muswell-hill, Middlesex, to Mary, onlY W elle JO d Russell Skinner, Esq., of Brighton. ~g a t Pi et,,, On the 4th inst., at St. Botolph' s, Bish°eT to - wick, Esq., of Fowkes'-buildings, T ower-scree e late of Covent -garden Theatre. l it .at,.