The Sun. — London, England, 1864-08-25 00:00:00

MR. ALFRED MELLON'S CONCERTS EVERY EVENING, at Fight. ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA HOUSE, COVENT-GARDEN. BEET HOVEN NIGHT, THIS EVENING. 3ltllle.C. Patti, Mdlle. Krebs, Madame liudersdorff; Mr. Levy, Mr. J. Wiut,:rbottom, Mr. Patey, and Mr. Carrudus. BAND OF ONE HUNDRED PERFORMERS. r eethoven's Pastoral Symphony. Operatic selection, "Don Giovanni," ,tc. Conductor, Mr. ALFRED MELLON. P ro menade. Amphitheatre Stalls , and Amphitheatre, One Shilltn,g ; Dress Circle, 2s. Ed. ; Private Boxes, £1 is. and 10s. ed. The Box Office Is open from 10 till 5. To-morrow (Friday), a Selection from Ross"ni's Stabat On Saturday next, a Grand VOLUNTEER NIGHT. First Performance of the " Faust" elect this season. Rand of the uoldstream Guards (by permission o: Col. Mark W,..0d). ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining. THIS EVENING, BORN TO GOOD LUCK. Paddy Vitatferiy, Mr. Dominick Murray. Alter which, THE ir,TREET3 OF LONDON. Messrs. Vining, J. W. Ray, D. Fi her. D. Murray, J. Nelson, H. Forre-tcr. H. Mellon ; Mrs. Henry Maiston, Miss Emma Barnett, and 'Miss Finny Gwynne. N6W THEA LEE-ItO YAL, Sole Procriator and Manager. M. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, MY WIFE'S MAID. Ifessrs. J. L. Toole, F. Bedford, R. Phillips, and Mr-. Alfred Mellon. After which, MASKS AN 1) FACES. Messrs. B. Webster, . Bedford, R. Phillips, Billington, Stua rt ; Dirs. tirlihg,, Billington. and Miss H. Simms. To conclude with THE ACTOR'S RETREAT. Messrs. J. L. Toole, P. Bediord, R. and Miss Woolgir. Commence at 7. NEW BOWER OPERE rTA HOUSE.-- Senora Georg' Cardinal, the e minent Spanish Come ic menne, in Smyth Lee's new an d eminently, successfal Come dietta, HER ONLY FAALING ;, wlo, together with CYMUN AND IPHIGENIA.. 1(.31%D CHAMPAGNE, and THE KISS AND THE ROB E, will be repeat.d EVERY NV-ENING. MOSES AND SON _i_u• respectfully call attention to their large and well assorted stock of JUV!%NILE CLOTHING, The newest taorics are combined with the latest and most fashionable Desi g ns, and the beet workmanshi p . E. MOSES and SON give particular attention to this important branch of their ialSinese, and they can with confidence affirm that the prices az'e such as must satisfy the most economical. Tnis depart went is in a distinct part of the premises, which will be t ound a great etmv,nience for ladies and children, MOSES AND SON E• respectfully invite public attention to their large and welt-assorted SUMMEis. STOCK. w MOSES AND SON'S -11-41 "SANDR IN GH AM" WRAPPER ulroduced by them, is the newest and most fashionib:e style of Overcoats for the season. :E MOSES AND SON'S • READY-MADE and BESPOkE CLOTHING for all classes and all ages. MOSES AND SON'S • CELEBRATED "INDISPENSABLE" SUIT, irom 30s. MOSES AND SON'S • HOSIERY and DR.U'ERY, tor all classes and all ages. EMOSES AND SON'S • FIATS AND CAPS, fur all c asses and all ages. ~MOSES AND SON'S • BOOTS and SHOES, for all classes and all ages. EMOSES AND SON'S • OUTFI l'S. for all classes, all ages, and all climates. yaiMOSES AND SON'S • LONDON HOUSES, Ifr4, 155, IV, 157, 31inories; 83, 81, 85, 86, 87, 88. 89, Aldgate ; 506, 507, 508, New Oxford--street; 1,'2, 3, Hart-street; 137, 138, `Tottenham-court-road; 28d, Euston-road E MOSES AND SON's • COUNTRY ESTABLISHMENT, Bridge-street, Bradford, Yorkshire. 9 MOSES AND SON'S ' • Establishments are closed every Friday evening at sunset until Saturday evening at sunset, when business is re sumed until li o'clock. Al, articles are marked the lowest prices in plain figures. Any article not appr ,ved of will be exchanged, or the money re' urned. List of Prices with Rules for Self-measurement, Fashion Card, and our new pamphlet, " The Tercentenary ; or, The Three Hundredth Birthday of William Shakspeare," gratis ^get post free. COALS. —The LILLESHALL COMPANY'S COALS. Direct from their own Collieries. Marquis'.......23s. per ton. Double... ...... 20s. per ton. Top .225. „ I Mt_•p Well screened and delivered within five miles of their De pots, Westboume Park-road, \V., and 17, south Wharf, Paddington, W., and Maiden-lane, N. Best Coke lss. per chaldrott. Terms cash. JOHN SCOTT, Sole l_gent. YV-1.1!: THUM EDITION OF THE SUN," J Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENQSE, eau be had Every Evening of G. R. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. THE LATEST EDITION of '° THE SUET' supplied, as soon as published every Evenino; by HENRY BROOKS, Newspaper Agent, 21, Old Cavendish street, W. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAL—Morning, 7h. 40m.—Afternoon, B'l. 12m. ro-lioßnow.-Morning, 81. 48x.—Afternoon. 9a. 32m. 1 r; ,541% so ^fr lilt LONDON, IHURSDAY, AUGUST 25, 1864. It is quite time that something was done to im prove the physical condition of our troops in India, if we are to judge by the revelations of the Corn. mission of Inquiry. There have indeed long been rd,sgivings as to the defective sanitary arrange- m:nts of our barracks and depots in that country, and since public attention has been called to the matter the rough figures which have been given have been startling enough to arouse the most in different, But the full particulars gathered by a commission of no mean weight or authority and I lc.id by them before the War-office, leaves no excuse for future neglect or inattention to a subject in valving the lives of so many men. Politicians and statesmen of all grades pride themselves on their reluctance to involve us in war and their unwills ingness to sacrifice the lives of so many brave men, and the health and comfort of so many more as would necessarily b 3 the result of a protracted struggle with any of the great Powers. But the yearly campaign of disease among our 'lndian forces gives returns of killed and wounded that are overlooked. Whole regiments melt away, and where a thousand fine stalwart men land from England in one year, not less than a hundred remain eighteen or twenty years later without a shot being fired, or any military duty undertaken to account for the deficiency. A special instance of the truth of these calculations is afforded by a return laid before the Commission by one Brigadier-General, showing that oat of 1,064 non commissioned officers and men of his regiment, who arrived at Moulmein in 1842, only 93 landed in Es t e and after 17 years' service. The regiment that returned was, therefore, almost a new one ; and when we are further told that the mean term of Indian service is B'6 years, and that 11 recruits are annually requisite to keep up a force of 100 men, we shall have some faint idea of the drain upon the physical strength and public exchequer of the country which is represented by the Anglo-Indian army, The natural question that follows is how flr such an extravagant rate of mortality as 69 per 1,000 is traceable to the climate, the occupation, and or her influences inseparable from their profession. But it appears tbal: the rate ot mortality among the officers is Only 8 8 per 1,000, so that nearly one-halt of the deaths amon g the privates and non-commis sioned officers must b e attributable to some other causes than the inevitable evils of an Indian life. The same difference is apparent between the deaths of English women ot different ranks; the o fficers between wives ofthe ages of 20 000, wh ereas th e ) and 40 die at the rate of 14 in I wives of the non- co mmissioned officers and soldi ers die at the rate of 35 per 1,600. I t i s very plain, therefore, that if the heat of an Indian sun h as anything to eo with the extraordinary rate of mor tality, it„ff e ,,t, can b e i n a great measure conn terac'ed. Among the chief reasons for the exces sive mortality among the men is their living and al;eping in crowded barracks, while their officers have their separate bungalows. The officers have another very great advantage. They are able, when ill, to move to a healthier spot, at least tem porarily, and can recruit their strength by the fresh breezes of the hills. The hills are India's native sanitarium, and the advantages which they have over the lower levels are clearly manifested in the children reared in the Lawrence Asylum, who are strong and healthy, looking, as a native chief remarked, like lions' subs, while little Anglo Indians pine and droop unless sent to England in good time. The enforced idle ness of troops in barracks is an unmitigated evil even in England, but in India it is disastrous in its 1 consequences. It induces the men to drink, and drink :s one of the prime agents of disease in India. There is, therefore, as much practical prudence as kindness in the new system of establishing regi mental workshops and allotting small gardens to the men. They have availed themselves most . eagerly of the means thus offered to dispel the ennui of their aim less existence, and already the CommandeteinsChief is able to compliment the men at several stations on the result of their handiwork. Fresh vegetables and more wholesome food will also be attainable by means of the gardens, while the pleasant recrear tion will draw off the men from the vicious indulge ences which have helped to swell the death rate. Besides the 69 per 1000 lost annually to the service it seems from the statistics furnished that 84 per 1000 in the stations of Bengal are, on an average, constantly in hospital. The average mortar lity in the native troops in twenty years was 18 per 1000; 19 per 1000 being the rate of the invaliding. Allowing for all difference of constitution, the commissioners attribute the chief part of the native superiority in point of health to the fact of their generally living with their families in small bamboo huts, instead of being crowded in barracks, where many sleep in one small, perhaps ill-ventilated, room. The Commissioners are san guine that, from the experience now gathered, the mortality may be reduced from 69 to 10 per 1,000. It now remains for the public to watch carefully the progress of reform, and to see that official negli gence and indifference are net suffered to trifle with a matter so vitally important. Plenty of air espe cielly in sleeping rooms, pure water, good food, and temperance appear to be the primary requisites for health in Indian stations as elsewhere, and they are none of them sufficiently unattainable to justify a rate of mortality four times as great as the highest I in England. It is a pity that Lord PALMERSTON cannot learn the propriety of keeping silence at times. His conduct during the past session was not of a chae ratter to elevate his reputation, and it is a mistake for him to be perpetually referring to the policy of the Government. It would seem as if the mis guided course that was taken by the House this year had completely obliterated the sense of shame that ought to be experienced by all in power re garding the line adopted in the question of the Dario-German war. For a Minister to take credit to himself or his colleagues concerning our foreign policy at present is really quite absurd and a mockery to common sense persons. Lord -PALMER. STON seems to be one of those whose glory is their shame, and he endeavours to put forth all the mis deeds of himself and his Foreign Secretary, for the purpose of pronouncing a laudation upon them, First of all, ha begins with Poland, and congratu lates his hearers that we had not been reduced to lend our succour to the Poles; this he declares to have been a great advantage. If it be true that it was not desirable for us to be involved in a war, it was not justifiable for the noble lord at the head of Foreign Affairs to induce the Poles to believe that our sympathies were all enlisted on their be half, and that at the worst they would receive assistance. Then as to America, the course pursued by our Government has been most prejudicial for our interests in a commercial form, and created many evils in various ways, while their mean spirited subserviency to the Federals has been a disgrace to the country. Great as are the blunders and mis takes made in connection with other countries, however, nothing at all comes up to the enormity of the conduct pursued towards Denmark, and the remarks of the Premier on that subject are quite unwarrantable. Ile has adopted a tone at Tiverton that he dare not have used in the House of Commons, and it is perfectly scandalous that the First Minister of the Crown should employ such terms, in speaking of this coun try's resources, as he has done. Much may be allowed to speakers in the heat of debate, and, of course, all officiel personages get used to comment ing upon their management in a bombastic tone; but it is too much when a man deliberately gets up and discourses as Lord PALMERSTON has done at Tiverton. It would have been better to have said that the Government did not see any call to go to war, and that the Danes had acted imprudently. Anything would have been better than to traduce the fame of England and the character of her army to cover the errors of policy, of which he must be at heart ashamed. Everyone at hil competent to judge of the affair must know that England is more than a match for Germany at any time, and for Lord PALYERsToer to state that we could not have succeeded in rescuing the Danes from the grasp of their greedy foes is perfectly preposterous. Such language will lower him in the esteem of all inde pendent persons, and for ever diminish the influence that he ought to possess in the country. It is, in deed, seldom that one in his high position so com promises himself. It is almost incredible that the Prime Minister of this country should .thus ex press himself:—" We have no means of sending out a force at all equal to cope with the three or four hundred thousand whom the Germane could have , pitted against us, and such an attempt would only have insured a disgraceful discomfiture not to the army indeed, but to the Government which sent out an inferior force and expected it to cope with a force so vastly superior l' If the Government have escaped discomfiture they have decidedly reaped a double rshare of dis grace by their dastardly conduct. What can Lord PALMERSTON mean by thus scattering to the winds the reputation of a long career, and throwing away the renown ha has won by half a century's service to his country. There was a time, in past days, when his name sounded stirring in the ears of the enemies of this country ; it was a trumpet blast to remind them that England possessed a minister with spirit to defend her rights, and enterprise to consider the affairs of other nations. It was, indeed, very suitable that Lord PALMERSTON should have endeavoured to pass an eulogium on the peace party—it is on the principle of making friends with the mammon, of unrighteoasness—and certainly the only consistent part of his speech. If he has rightly read the history of his country he must have seen that in the battles where the English gained enduring renown, their num bers were always inferior to those of their adversa ries. Surely it is too much for the impertinent exaggeration of ministerial parlance to assert that the German legions are to be compared to the armies of NAPOLEON. It is but seldom in the hiss tory of the world that such a military genius appears, and if we could conquer his battalions, flushed with their unrivalled success, it is ridi- I culo2s to speak of the Gerrain troops as inyini , cible. It is indeed true that, at present, there seems no prospect of a PITT or a Fos to rule our councils, or a WELLINGTON to lead forth our armies; but the national spirit is not dead, and that is the true secret of self-reliance. When Lord PALMERSTON talks of sending a fleet in mid winter to the Baltic, he chooses to forget that the spring was far advanced before any of the more decisive engagements took place in the late war. If it is to be broadly asserted that the course of our policy is to take care of ourselves and let others take their chance, it will be a ruinous one; and let the country be ever so great, ever so rich, or ever so strong, the seeds of decay will be sown in her coutitution. It is time we hed statesmen at the head of affairs who recognise some principles of justice and conform to some notions of honour. At present we present the picture of a great nation always ready to make a boastful parade of cur strength, and never willing to prove it; and while we rush in to interfere with all foreign questions, we retire in unseemly haste when our mediations are treated with deserved contempt and no resource is left but an appeal to arms. Such a course is most derogatory to the character of a people, and it is most lamentable that our present Cabinet should have pursued so reckless a path of policy. Nothing is easier than to compromise one's character politically or otherwise, and nothing is more difficult than to rehabilitate it. Perhaps the recent speech of Lord PALMERSTON at Tiverton is the most suicidal act of his long career, He openly identifies himself with the clique who have set out with the dishonourable cry that we cannot light; such are far more contemptible than the peace at any price party, who are at least consistent. The language that was uttered at Tiverton was not suit able for an English Statesman, not in accordance with the knowledge that should be possessed by a public man of so much experience, but, above all, it was unworthy of the position of the First Minister of the Crown. Declaration of the Danish Plenipotentiaries. (REUTER'S EXPRESS.) BERLIN, Aug. 22. According to the tenour of the armistice protocol signed by the Plenipotentiaries of Prussia, Austria, and Denmark upon the Ist inst., the Danish pri soners of war were to be set at liberty upon the assurance being given that they should not serve again in the Danish army until the conclusion of peace. By order of their Government, therefore, the Danish Plenipotentiaries in Vienna have des livered the following declaration to the Prussian Ambassador in that capital : Vienna, Aug. 8, 1861. The protocol signed upon the Ist inst., in execution of Ar,icle 4 of the peace preliminaries concluded the same day between Denmark upon the one part and Prussia and Aus tria upon the other, contains the following stipulation in its Bth paragraph:— " Prisoners of war and political prisoners will be liberated upon the assurance that:the prisoners of war shall not serve in the Danish army before the conclusion of peace." In reference to this stipulation, the undersigned Pleni potentiaries of his Majesty the King of Denmark, by order of their Government, have the honour to give by these pre sents to Baron Werther, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of his Majesty the King of Prussia, the formal assurance that the Danish prisoners of war at pre sent detained in the States of his Majesty the King of Prussia will not serve in the Danish array before the con elusion of peace. The undersigned take this opportunity of offering to his Excellency Baron Werther the assurance of their high consideration. (Signed) QUAADE, KAUFFMANN. The Grouse Season. At Gannochy Lodge, on Saturday, Capt. Peareth killed 53k braca of grouse and 1 rabbit ; Captain O'Hara, 20 brace and 2 snipes ; the Hon. Charles Carnegie, M.P., 20 brace and 2 snipes; and Capt. Carnegie Lour, 30,1 brace, 2 hares, aad 4 rabbits. On Cordovon Moors, Viscount Holmesdale, M.P., and Sir Edmund Phillimore, M.P., on the 12th, bagged 30 brace of grouse on the moors attached to the Lodge. On the same moors on Friday last, Viscount Holmesdale and party were out again grouse shooting, and bagged 32 brace. On Satur day Lord Holmesdale went out deerstalking and was successful in bringing do wn, right and left, two noble stags o❑ the hill to the north-west of Iver cauld House. One of these stags possessed a fine head. The Hon. George S. Duff was out deer staking in the Alton Ower Forest on Thursday last killing a fine stag. The Earl of Fife, on Monday week, when on his way to Crocklach Lodge, Glen dee, to go out grouse shooting, was fortunate in get ting a capital stalk on a fine herd of deer. His lord ship brought down three splendid stags,one of which weighed 17st. 121 b. clean, and had a magnificent Royal head. Another stag weighed upwards of 15st. avoirdupois. Since then the noble earl has been grouse shooting daily cn the Baynoch Moors adjoining the Croclach Lodge, and has had excel lent sport during the week, killing upwards of 120 brace. On Thursday he had the best day's sport of the week, bagging 34 brace grouse. On the Glen callater moors good sport was got by Mr John Marshall, Gilbert Wilkinson, E3q., and party bag ging daily from 20 to 30 brace grouse, 30 brace being the highest reached on any day of the week. On these moors there are plenty of birds, bat there is the usual complaint that they are very strong and wild, and, to use a gamekeeper's phrase, are "packing," or collecting together into large flocks on the moors, which materially impedes the progress and success of the sport.—Dundee Advertiser. On the 12th August Mews. Garald Fitzgerald and two friends killed, at Gawe, Dingwall, 95 grouse, 5 hares, and 2 woodcocks. Shooting small, birds plentiful ; since the 12th sport has been good. On Farr Moor, near Inverness, Messrs. Joseph W. Pease, John W. Pease, and H. F. Pease, killed 165 grouse and 25 hares. The broods were generally good and strong ; a considerable number of barren birds, the result of the snow in May, caused the bags to be light. The 12th and 13th were exend ingly hot ; for the last four days the weather has been wet and unfavourable. CASTLE CARR MOORS, NEAR HALIFAX.--Colonel Edwards, M,P., entertained a succession of visitors this year, as usual, including his suns, Viscount In gestre, H, W. Wickham, M.P., Mr. Alfred bun combe, Hon, Colonel Duncome, Lord Warncliffe, Sir J. Lyster Kaye, Bart, Sir J. Armytage, Bart, Graver Browne, Esq., Hon Captrin Lawley, Gen, Hall, Captain Dearden and Rowland Winn, Esq. The weather has been very fine and the sport excel lent. The three first days 406 brace were shot over the dogs; the five days following 703 brace in "driving," the total bag in the first eight days being 1109 brace.—Halifax Guardian. LIFE AMONG TUE SAVAGESTIENS.—We are sur rounded by forests which are infested with ele phants, buffaloes, rhinoceros, tigers, and wild boars, and tho ground all about the pools is covered with their footprints. We live almost as in a besieged plats, every moment dread ing some attack of the enemy. and keeping our guns don stoutly loadc.l. Sometimes they come close to our quarters, and we cannot go even a few steps into the woods without hearing them. As a general rule, however, they fly from the approach of man, and in order to get a shot it is neces sary to lie in wait, either among the branches of a tree, or hidden amid the brushwood near the spots where they come to drink. Scorpions, centipedes, and, above all, serpents, were the enemies we most dreaded, and against which pre cautions were chiefly requisite; but the muquitoes and the leeches, though less dangerous, were the most troublesome and most inveterate plagues. During the rainy season you cannot be too much on your guard ; going to bed or getting up, you are ever in peril in putting your hand or foot on some venemous snake. I have killed more than one in my house with a gun or hatchet. As I write I am obliged to be continually on the watch, fearing to see one re-appear on which I trod this evening, bat which made his exit without hurting me. From time to time, also, I stop to listen to the roaring of a tiger, who is wandering round our dwelling and looking longingly at the pigs through their fence of planks and bamboos. Again, 1 hear a rhinoceros breaking down the bamboos which oppose his progress towards the brambles encircling our garden, on which ho intends to bacquet.—Moulict'a Trards in inck:China. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTEII . 3 ETLEGRAMS.) THE CAPE MAIL. PLYMOUTH, Auo. 25. The Cape mail steamship Athens arrived here this morning. She left the Cape on the 21st, Helena 30th, and Ascension on the 3d. The Athens brings 72 passengers, including the lion. Mr Raw.. son, the late Colonial Secretary, who has been ap pointed Governor of the Bahamas, Colonels S. G. Rawstorne and tier, 'Mrs. Stoltz, and seven children of the Moravian mission. Parliament was still in session. The whole of tLe Government taxing bills had passed, together with a bill to provide for the formation of a sinking fund. Business continued dull, and money was seeking for investments. There was every prospect of a good harvest, the extent of land brought under cultivation exceeding the average of the previous years. Owing to the stoppage of the Government works, a large number of working men had flocked to Cape Town for employments which could only be obtained at low remuneration. The intimation that free passages to New Zea land would sbortly be offered by the Government of that colony, had induced numbers to determine to emigrate there. The prices of all kinds 3f colonial grown provi sions were low. The bishop of Cape Town had returned from Natal, where he was very warmly received. The barque Saxon seized by the United States steamer Vanderbilt, at Angra Pequina, but released by the New York Prize Court, had returned to Table Bay. Further news had arrived from the frontier of dissensions among the natives, and war between some of the tribes was considered certain. The small-pox had also broken out among them in the neighbourhood of Griqua Town. In Damaraland two commandos were going out against the Hottentots to recover cattle stolen by them. The Athens mails have been landed here, and forwarded by to-day's trains. SWITZERLAND. GENEVA, AuG. 25. The Grand Council of Geneva have decided to submit the affair of the late election to the judgment of the Federal Council. The town is tranquil, AUSTRIA. VISIT OF THE RING OF PRUSSIA TO BADEN BADEN. VIENNA, AUG. 24, Evening. The King of Prussia will proceed to-morrow, via Stuttgard, to Baden-Men, where his Majesty will probably remain until the 9th of September. SPAIN. MADRID, AUG. 24, Evening. The Correspondencia of to-day proposes an in crease of the Customs daties on the importation of foreign textile fabrics. The Epoca replies that it would be better to abolish those on the raw material. FRANCE. ST. ETIENNE, AUG. 21 (Evening). A banquet took place here this evening in con.. sequence of the Assembly 3f the Council General for the Department of the Loire. The Duke de Persigny, who presided, proposed the health of Napoleon 111,, " the founder of liberty in France." The Duke's speech was:a complete re view of the theory of the Imperial constitution. He showed the form of liberty to wary with every free people. " The present physiognomy of liberty, properly so called," said M. de Persigny, " may be recognised by the striking signs of the solidity and duration of the governments which it founds, and above all ,by tha passion it inspires for great things." M. de Persigny then demonstrated that the poli tical institutions of England are not adapted for France. "It not being possible," he continued, "for authority and liberty to remain in the hands of one class as in England. Instead of subordinating one class to another, it was natural to render them independent, and this is the fundamental principle of our institutions." The Speaker further said:—" In order that the liberty of the press may be a benefit, it is necessary, in a country newly constitated, that a new, vigorous, and independent political generation should aris3 to replace the minds enervated by revolution." "Some journals," says the Patric, " have spoken of the approaching departure of the Emperor for the camp of Chalons. Tue exact day is not yet fixed, but the expectation is that his Majesty will leave St. Cloud between the 26th and the 28th, to remain absent only five or six days. Some change may be made in this arrangement in consequence of the arrival of Prince Humbert, the precise day when his royal highness will reach Paris not being known. Nothing has yet been decided respecting the visit which the Imperial family makes each year to Biarritz." The Dresden Journal publishes a note contra. dieting the statement made by the journals that the occupation of Lauenburg by the Federal troops had given rise to differences between Hanover and Saxony, and that a note containing complaints had been sent to the Saxon Government on the subject. The Dresden Journal affirms that no note or any other communication has been received from the Hanoverian Government relative to the affair of Lanenburg. The Siecle makes the following observations on the line of conduct which the Emperor Maxi milian has adopted in his new States :-1 , The in. telligence from Mexico refers to the impatience with which the first reforms of the new Emperor are looked forward to. That prince has found out the means of exciting in the highest degree the curiosity of his new subjects, who all, like the Jews on Mount Sinai, stretch forth their hands for the new law. Previous governments simply took pos session of the authority with an abundant supply of con s ti tut i ons , d ecrees , a nd regulations pr e p are d beforehand, and in that way they inaugurated the era of happiness promised, bat, alas ! always post poned. I n d o i ng so they s howed but littl e adrcit ness; the illusions and hopes were toosoon dissipated, and the di scontente d qu i c kly manifested th e i r dis pleasure or their disappointment by renewing the hardly-interrupted series of conspiracies and pronunciamientos. Maximilian proceeds in a dif ferent m anner . Sh ut up i n the palace whi c h cr owns t h e hill of Capultepec, he envelops himself in silence and mystery. Rumour declares that he is occupied in dark manipulations of systems destined to recon atruet th e governmen t a l m ac hi ne —t o e ff a ce the wrinkles o f t h e M ex i can p eo pl e a l rea dy afflicted with signs of a prematnre old age. At four in the morning the Emperor is on foot, interrogating, noting, studying, and labouring in his great work. This activity, unusual in those climates, has pro cured him the admiration of the foreign residents. The Mexicans themselves are, however, bat slightly touched with this ardour, which they do not under stand. They are above all astonished at being kept at a distance, and not being able to treat their monarch with the familiarity which formerly existed between them and their presidents. Lastly, they are impatient at the long period of gestation, the end of which they cannot foresee, and the authors of the celebrated report which declared for the Mexican monarchy can hardly explain the htei tations and scruples of their elected, for in his place they would have presented a hundred solutions for his one. By a rather singular revulsion, the clergy and the reaction, which ought to love the sovereign of their choice, have arrived at the point of fearing him; on the other hand, the honourable men of the Liberal party, whilst keeping at a distance, how ever,.seem to show a certain sympathy towards Maximilian as a private man." BOURSE, Aug. 22.—The market has been again heavy, and Stock and other Securities have been offered. Threes, for the Account, however, remain unvaried at 66fr. 30c., but Mobilier have declined to 995 fr. 50c. Railway Market also dull, with lower quotations for several of the lines. The mar ket became rather rirmer towards the close, and left vs follows : It per Cents .. 94 45 Do. end month.... 3 per Cents Do. end month 66 30 Credit Mobilier 937 50 Do. end month 1000 Bank Shares 3360 Credit k oncier l2lO Roman RAIL Orleans Northam Lyons and Mediterranean Soathorn Western Easte. Sardinian Austrian Lombard North of Spain Saragossa.. Ditto to Barcelona Italian Loan 67 50 Do. end month 67 5.5 Ditto Threes — Now Mexican 56a Russian Austrian .. — Spanieh Threes 49 Rome Debt Deferred 'ATS. Cash. Account. 888 75 885 -- 980 980 915 917 50 637 50 .. 638 75 522 50 .. 5 20 495 495 345 345 430 .. 431 25 538 75. 538 75 410 410 498 75 497 50 The Vitrified Forts of Scotland. A correspondent of the Daily Review, we observe, has been recently starting a new theory as to the origin and use and purpose of those remarkable objects generally known as Vitrified Forts. The theories hitherto propounded in connection with the subject may be briefly stated. Dr Anderson, who was among the first to draw attention to the matter, gives it as his opinion, in the Archevologia, that the vitrification of these forts is an effect designed by their builders. He supposes that the ramparts or walls were first built of such common stones as the place afforded, and in the course of building all the interstices between the rude and rough stonework was filled up with vitrescible iron ore common enough in the norther* parts of the island. The wall being at last finished in this manner, a brushwood fire was kindled all around it, which, melting the vitrescible ore, the whole would become connected inton wore or less co• herent mass in proportion to the intensity of the heat and the time the fire lasted. As the country then abounded with wood, there would be no scarcity of fuel. Such is the first theory. The second, that of Mr Tytler, is this :—These forts were places of defence—a sturdier sort of Caledonian palls designed by our unconquerable quasi Maori ancestors. According to this theory, they first began the fort by erect. ing a strong double row of palisades, the outline of the in tended structure. These palisades or upright stakes were probably warped across and closely interwoven with branches of trees and such brushwood as was at hand. Into he in termediate space between the double row of palisades or wooden fences thus formed, all sorts of rubbish, stones of every description, earth, branches, stems, and roots of trees, were thrown; little care or trouble being necessary, all tha was wanted being the filling up of the vacant space between the palisade rows, to the required height, indeed, but any how and with the readiest materials that came in the way. The fortification thus formed some neighbouring enemy would attack, literally, with fire and sword—fire first, which meeting with so much ready fuel in the closely interwoven double row of palisades, would burn fiercely, acting upon the intermediate stone conglomeration which would thus become vitrified. The third theory is Sir G. Sinclair's. Ho supposes that from fear of invasion, or otherwise in prospect of hostile attack from some neighbouring tribe, the natives of a remote period selected a conspicuous spot, naturally a hill top, for lighting beacon fires upon for the purpose of spreading an alarm from one part of the country to another. To prevent these fires from being spread about and scattered by the wind, they piled heaps of stones to leeward of the fires, and hence the vitrification. To ourselves we confess none of these theories is quite satisfactory. But supposing them to have been designed as places of defence, we should meantime be more inclined to go with Dr. Anderson's views than with those of his brother theorists, The new theory to which we have alluded, and which is to be found in a well-written communication to the Daily Review of July 12th, is, that the hills or duns on which we find what are called vitrified forts, were in truth the mountain altars of the ancient fireworshippers. The author argues his case in a very able manner. We refer our readers to the article itself. Our object at present is merely to draw attention to the subject, and to assure the writer of an otherwise very clever paper, that on one point at least he is quite wrong, He sees, or pretends to see, that the vitrified walls are never found to be circles, Lut ell pees, and supposing a central fire in the focus of these ellipses, he coolly comes to the conclusion that this would be a designed though rude re presentation of the heav nly motions, "according (he says) to the Copernican system, which was derived from Pytha goras from the East, whence the system of fire worship originally came," ergo, these are the works of the worship pers of fire or of the sun, and at a period long anterior to the Christian era. All we have time to say at present is, that there is not the shadow or a shade of proof, probability, nor, we had almost said, of possibility, that tho ancient fire worshippers knew anything whatever of ellipses or their foci either. The circle and the circle only—the most simple, and perfect, and beautiful of curves—was alone known to the ancient ire worshippers, and held by them as sacred, and by it only. Let us further add, for upwards of five thousand longyears, was it ever attempted by the astro nomers of each age to account for the planetary motions, The ellipse, it is true, was known to the mathematicians of ancient Greece, and its properties, very different from the properties of the circle, may, for all we know, have afforded them an amusing subject of speculation, but nothing more. Neither they nor the astronomers of many succeeding cen turies ever once thought of erecting the ellipse in the heavens, and making the solar system move harmoniously in obedience and subservience to its laws. This.was re served for the immortal Kepler, who quite in modern times —about the time, that is, that our own James VI. ascended the English throne—after long years of undaunted perseve rance and toil, was the first to announce to the world the hitherto undreamt of truth that "planets revolve in elliptic orbits about the sun, which occupies the common focus of all the orbits." This is Kelper's first great law, deservedly entitling him to bs styled "The morning star of modern astronomical science." What then, let us ask the ingenious author of the new vitrified forts' theory, what in the uni verse —(the term is surely fitting here, if anywhere)—what did or could the ancient fire worshippers know of the ellipse or its foci? What did Pythagoras or Copernicus either ? Absolutely nothing ; as far at least as we now know it.in its connexion with the laws which regulate the movements of the heavenly bodies. The new theory must stand or fall without any help whatever from an "ellipse" or a "focus" and their introduction at all, so inopportunely and irrele vantly, into the discussion, has, we confess, not a little assisted in strengthening our other objections against an otherwise very plausible and ingeniously argued out hypothesis. THE MURDER OF MR. BRlGGS.—lntelligence may be anticipated in the course of a few days, possibly hours, that the suspected murderer Muller is in the hands of justice; as the Victoria, in which he sailed, had been out 30 days when the steamer left which would bring the mail due to-morrow (Friday). If the arrange ments of Inspector Tanner, the chief of the metropolitan police, and Sergeant Clarke, assisted by the New York authorities, should be successful, the American officers will board the Victoria in the open roadstead, acccompaniel by the English officers. The American police will arrest Muller and take him before the proper authorities at New York. The warrant will then be produced by Mr Tanner, and evidence given of the alleged complicity of Muller in the murder ; and should that evidence be considered suffi cient, ho will be remitted to England, and for that purpose be given into the custody of the English officers. In the event of their not being any steamer leaving within a con venient period of the magisterial examination at New York being concluded, although Muller may ht.ve been given up to Mr 'fanner's charge, he will be kept in ward in the House of Detention there until the departure is fixed, when he will be taken on board the steamer by the English officers of justice, accompanied by the New York police, and when safe on shipboard left entirely in charge of Chief Inspector Tanner and Sergeant Clarke. ACCIDENT FROM FlRE.—Yesterday morning the family of Mr Chetwynd, Gordon-terrace, Highhury, were aroused from their sleep, between one and two o'clock, by loud screams and cries for help issuing from the sleeping apartment of Miss Maynard, who was on a visit to the family. On proceeding to her room they discovered the lady with her nightdress and the bedding on fire. She had, it appears, fallen asleep while reading in bed, and the candle falling set tho bedding on fire. Mr Chetwynd smothered the flames with a carpet, but the young lady is shockingly burnt, and not expected to recover. THE ATTACK ON MOBILE.—What if the report of the Federal success of Mobile should turn out to be a fabrication? The telegram forwarded by General Butler to President Lincoln announcing Farragoes victory has a very suspicious appearance. It purports to be taken from the Richmond Sentinel of the Bth, on which day the paper must have reached Butler, as he telegraphed the so called official despatch of General Maury, at three p,m. of the same day, to Washington. How could General Butler have got the Richmond paper at Bermuda Hundred on the Bth. And is it probable that the Confederate Secretary of War could publish such intelligence? Fourteen of Far rogues leet are stated to be wooden ships, and only four ironclads—one of which, the Tecumseh, was sunk by Fort Morgan. The action took place at the entrance of Mobile Bay, thirty miles from the city, on the sth instant, and was telegraphed the same day to Richmond. Now, though it may be true, it certainly looks very like a stock-jobbing canard,--Lirerpoo‘ I,ITERATURE. Guilty, or Not Guilty. A Novel. By Mrs Gordon Srnythies, author of " Cousin Geoffrey." Three Vols. Hurst and Blackett. It would be somewhat akin to the famous im• possibility of " breaking a butterfly upon a wheel," to subject a work of this class to the ordinary rules of criticism. As the gay orange binding which forms the external decoration of its cover is only calcua lated to please the eye and adorn the boudoir-table, so in like manner the highly extravagant and alto gether impossible marvels which it contains, told as they are in Mrs Gordon Smythies' gay and lively manner, are only inteeded to amuse and entertain the reeder. " Guilty, or Not Guilty" is just the book for the eeaeside and the circulating library. Full of adventure and vicissitude, the story never flags; the author never seems to grow weary; the reader i 3 constantly amused—although occasionally the smile is raised at the expense of the fair autho ress when some over-extravagant incident or description taxes the credulity of the most credulous sensationalist. The first volume opens with a Countess of Rockalpine seated in her dressing-room. "Tee large oval mirror is draped with lace and muslin, and looped up with pink ribbons," &c. Mrs. Smythies is a little too tend of sack minutia. She not only describes a banquet but enumerates the dishes; she not only conducts us to the ball-room but explains to us all the mysteries of the toilette of the danseuse. It is true she excels in such descriptions, as, for example, when the fair heroine makes her debut at a ball in Paris. We are told that the Empress's milliner and d ressmaker, "the great Mdtne. Beget," was consul ted. With the enthusiasm of genius she threw her whole heart and soul into Eolith's ball dress",—" for Edith she was inspired." The result, of course, is mars vellous. " Nothing in such exquisite taste, so fairy-like, so aerial, so becoming, so costly, so light, so chaste, and yet so rich, had ever been seen, even in Pares ! ' No wonder that Edith, thus apparelled, is the admired of all. Even her own mother, the haughty Lady Hauteville, who had not seen her for some years, having sent her abroad with a chaperone for her health, does not recognise her. This amiable and noble lady and her elder daughters are accustomed, in the elegant language of Bel gravia, to speak of the fair and delicate Edith as " the carrotty cripple !"—no wonder they fail to recognise her in the ball-dress of Madame Roget ! But we are talking of balls and ball-dresses, when in the volumes now beside us there is matter far more attractive. What will the novel-readers say for the treat in store for them, when we tell them that we have here no less than two murders—two real murders—one in the first volume and one in the second ; in both of which the victims are actual lords, and for each of which an innocent man is arrested ! We have three elopements—in one instance two sisters going off together. We have four different incarcerations of different people in a madhouse, in two of which the victims are perfectly in their senses, and the heroine is three times rescued from death by the hero at the peril of his life. In feet, it is almost impossible to enumerate all the marvels to be met with in these pages ; and comedy is eo in termingled with the tragedies that, when Mrs. Smythies calls upon us to sympathise with a tender love scene, in which a most euphoniously-named lover whispers to his beloved, "Doesn't she see how her poor Tight-Blower loves the ground she treads on ?" &e., we must confess that we feel bewildered as to whether we are expected to regard the scene as belonging to the sublime or the ridiculous ! We will not spoil the mystery of the tale by -any fur ther revelation of its secrets. The three brilliant volumes—brilliant without and animated within:— will wile away many an idle hour and afford no little entertainment, and let the amused reader, on concluding a perusal of the whole work, pronounce whether, in our estimate of its contents, we 011 rs selves are " Guilty, or Not Guilty.' The Late Sir Charles Justin Macarthy, One more name must be added to the roll of able men to whom our Eastern possessions have brought distinction and death. Sir Charles Macarthy, Governor of Ceylon, has died at Spa from a disease which he contracted in that island, and which he allowed to gain a fatal hold on his constitutio❑ be fore he consented to abandon, even for a time, the important interests there confided to his charge. A life spent in the colonial service of this country, even when eminently successful, affords few occa sions for fame, and men like Sir Charles Macarthy or Sir Edmund Head must look forward to the op portunities of later years to win for them the public repute which their abilities fully deserve. This was eminently the case with the late Governor of Ceylon. He was a man of the most apprehensive intelligence and of the most varied learning. An elegant, though hardly profound, classical scholar, his command of the great instruments of modern language was sin gularly complete. In French, Italian, and German he possessed not only, the facility, but the graces of speech, not only the power of a ready writer, but the finest discrimination of a master of style, and, as he passed from one nationality to another, the delight at the charm of his diction was only exceeded by the wonder at his familiarity with every litera ture. These were the materials out of which he and his friends hoped and believed that, after the labours and anxieties of public life, he would be enabled to build up a name of intellectual worth to the honour of the country that had recognised his talents and employed his more active energies. Now, this cannot be. The distant province, which for many years has been familiar with his genial presence and sagacious administration, will receive with earnest sorrow the tidings of a loss here hardly felt or known beyond the narrow circles of private or official life. But it is well to retord that Sir C. Macarthy entered the public service as seperinten dent of one of the smallest of our West Indian de pendencies, and in that insignificant sphere gave evidence of the rare capacity that can handle the least and the gravest matters with equal accuracy and adroitness, and which, though capable of the largest inductions, is not indifferent to the lightest details. On returning home on leave of absence from his post, he attracted the attention of the heads of his department, and was soon transferred to more serious and responsible duties. Thence, solely by the due appreciation of his powers and their exercise, he rose to the important and lucrative Government now vacated by hie decease. Short as was his en joyment of wealth end dignity, it is something to have shown that the tastes and accomplishment of letters are not irreconcileable with the careful dis charge of official functions and the wise manage ment of the concerns of State; and that our institu tions permit such a man as Sir Charles Macarthy to compete successfully with the discreet mediocri ties of intellect, and the eoperiorities of birth and fortune.— Times. Loss OF LIFE IN THE THAMES. —Yesterday morning one of the crew of a barge fell into the river, off Cuckold's Point. The poor fellow, whose name was John Paddiford, instantly made for the boat lying astern of the barge, whilst his companions endeavoured to render him assistance, but before he could be rescued the tide had swept him away, and he was drowned. THE LATE TRAGEDY ON BOARD AN INVERNESS VESSEL.-0a Saturday the body of a man was picked up out at sea, a little above the port of Sunderland, by a tug belonging to the port. When brought to the dead house, it was identified as that of 'Wm. Duffey, one of the men belonging to the collier Rosemary, of Invernes ,, , three of whose crew fell overboard on the 3d July, when off Sauter Point. Our readers will remember that on the above date the Rosemary left Sunderland between 12 and 1 o'clock at night, with a crew consisting of the captain and three men, and about iwo hours afterwards the collier was brought into port with only the captain (Alexander Ross) on board, the whole of the others having, whilst quarrelling, fallen over board. The tragedy at the time caused great excitement and much speculation, as the disappearance of the men was somewhat shrouded in mystery. The body found has been in the water seven weeks, and when found was floating, and in a dreadful state of decomposition. In his pockets were found two sixpences, some coppers, a short cutty pipe, and a quantity of tobacco. Will. Duffey belonged to Inverness, was married, and left a widow and two children to mourn his untimely end. It has been reported that a week ago the body was seen floating near to the place where the above was picked up. It is supposed to have been that of another of the men belonging to the collier. The names of the other two unfortunate men were Chas. Munro and Hugh e, the mate of the veseei.-4(fi7tourgh Afrific. 11 . , `47-erslll44l' ! amp. . HER MAJESTY, ~._ OSBORNE, August 24. Her Majesty and their Royal Highnesses Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse drove out yesterday afternoon, attended by Li:le.-Colonel Du Plat. 4 .- - The Prince and Princess of Wales. The woods of Abergeldie were beaten for deer on Saturday last, when the Prince of Wales was ac companied by Lord Hamilton and Major Teesdale. One stag fell to the gun of the gallant major. Bad weather prevailed, as the wind was very rough, and ain fell heavily. During the day the Princess of Wales drove out, accotnpanied by Princess Mary of Cambridge. Another ball was to be held at Abergeldie last night, when the tenantry on the Birkhall Estate were to be invited. The Prince and Princess of Wales and Princess Mary of Cambridge are expected to be present at the approaching Braemar Gathering. Ia all pro bability the princesseF, who will accompany the Queen to Balmoral, will be also present. Shortly after that event the Prince and Princess of Wales leave Scotland for Denmark. It is understood that his royal highness is about to erect a palace at Abergeldie, and that Mr Smith , Aberdeen, the architect for Balmoral Castle, is Pre paring the designs. Foreign Courts. PARIS, August 24. "After the official reception at the Spanish Bal' bassy," says the Union," the King of Spain paid a visit to Count Aquilla, his uncle, and we hav e been assured that the interview was most cordial, and full of sympathy on the part of the King for the misfortune of the royal house of Naples. On the following day Count Aquila went to see his nephew at the palace of St. Cloud." Prince Napoleon has arrived in Paris on his re' turn from his excursion to Scotland. His yach t entered the port of Havre yesterday morning, and the prince immediately left by rail for the capital. M. Mora, the Mexican Minister to the Courts of Russia, Copenhagen, and Stockholm, left Paris last evening for the purpose of notifying to the Govern' meats to which he is accredited the accession of hi s Sovereign, the Emperor Maximilian I. General Marquis de Grouchy, senator, has ju st died in Paris. The Count and Countess de Paris at Twickenham. Yesterday afternoon the public reception of t he Count and Countess de Paris (whose recent ma" riago at the Kingston Roman Catholic Chapel will be well remembered) took place at York Houser Twickenham, on their return from spending th e honeymoon. In order to welcome them home with proper rejoicings a subscription had been previ ously made among the inhabitants of Twickenham, an d a committee appointed (of which the Rev. G. S• Master, the vicar, was chairman) for the purpose of decorating the approaches leading to York House' their future home. Great preparations had been made in the village for the entry of the Count and Countess,and Church- street and the various roads leading to the house were decorated with figs, banners, and mottoes, while the approaches nearest the mansion were gay with coloured poles, ornamented with shields bear ing the arms of the ex-royal family of France, the fleun delis being everywhere conspicuous. A tri umphal arch, formed of flowers, banners, and escut cheons surmounted by the word " Welcome" in large letters, and crowned with a coat of arms and coronet, had been constructed, while from the poles already mentioned hung bright garlands of flowers and streamers of every hue, forming, with the irnA mense crowd of spectators which had assembled near the entrance. a gay and lively scene. _ . Shortly before four o'clock the members of the committee, consisting of the Rev. G. S. Master, Mr H. G. Bohn, and other gentlemen, took up a posi tion near the gate of the mansion in order to pre. ssnt an address, while near the spot the band of the 16th S3uth-West Middlesex Volunteers were sta. tioned, and agreeably diversified the proceedings with their music. A few minutes afterwards the Count and Countess de Paris arrived in an open carriage amid merry peals of bells from the parish church and a royal salute of 21 guns fired from the ait. On reaching the gate the carriage was brought to 5 standstill, while the Rev. G. S. Master read an address of congratulation and welcome. The address, which was engrossed on fine vel lum and beautifully illuminated, was then presented to the count, who, in a speech which could hardly be heard from the noise of the cheering, returned thanks, and trusted that he and the countess would eric'Y that happiness the wish for which had been so kindly tendered by the inhabitants of Twickend ham. Mr Bohn then read a history of York House, which was also handed to the count, after which Mrs Master and Miss Bohn presented the Com. tees de Paris with two bouquets of choice flowers, which were most courteously received, and the carriage immediately afterwards drove through the triumphal arch to the mansion, where the count and countess alighted and proceeded to the ivy covered wall of the river front. In the meadow' beneath this wall, and opposite the ait, t h e childrea (to the number of about 1 , 300 ) of the vario us p are. cbial schools had ben collected. These carried nu merous flags and banners; and on the appear ance of the Count and the Countess d e Paris and the Duke and Duchess de Montpen eier tha cheering was excessive. Each child was afterwards presented with a fcurpenny piece in memory of t he event ; and the proceedings of the day were agree ably brought to a close by a display of fireworr.o on the river, the barge from which they were dis charged being decorated with lamps and floe. de its , while the streets of Twickenham were bright wal l the illumination proceeding f ro m t he shops an d houses of the principal tradesmen. His Excellency the Austrian Ambassador Oa the Countess Apponyi returned to Chandos House yeste" day from visiting the Earl and Countess R uss ell at Woblirl' Abby. Beds. The Duke: and Duchess of Northumberland ar° expected to arrive at Northumberland House to-llo r :: from Sion House. On the following day they will 155' town for the North. The Duke and Duchess of Sutherland b h av e ir e arrived at Tarbet House, in the north of Scotland/ way to Dunrobin Castle. will The Marquis and Marchioness of liaßt il3 g' s leave.Loudouu Castle, Ayrshire, on Friday nest for Doning" ton Park, Leicestershire, where they will receive a sale circle of friends for Lichfield and Derby races. The Earl and Countess Spencer are expected to proceed on a continental four in the course of the ensuing week, The Earl and Countess of Seafield, with Viscount Hon. Grant, Reidhaven, have arrived at 13alua ac aan, for the shooting season, from Cullen lion auund.d c a i t l Viscountees Jocelyn Trusses Joce lyn have arrived at the Hotel Mirabeau, Paris , from Lon don• Vi s count Courteuay and Lord Poltimore have large parties during, the ensuing week /or the Devo n and Exeter race meetings. Lord Land esborou g h has arrived at his deer' s h oo ti n g quarters, Tulchan Lodge, Glenisia. Lord Houghton has left London for the baths of icily. Sir Lydston Newman, who.has been Making tour in South Walt-s, will entertain a distinguished Tw't/ at 'li S , t , arcross uring the xetr races. ne marri d age of Lieut E. -e Col. Farquharson of 11 14 sO svo! a ' vercauld with Miss Oswald eldest daughter of Nr of Auchi ncru i ve , i s fixed to take plaoe in London ea rl y ra the month of November. DISTRESS IN THE UNITED STATES.--The sescil Women . in Philadelphia and New York are in g reat iv or y, distress, as their scanty earnings are insufficient to an them. For soldiers' pants they get only from 6 to 8 ce ll ._ in paper money ; and for shirts one dollar tents,dozen with 16 eluding button-holes and all complete. For en button-holes, they get 15 cents per tent. These d or°:ilia., have held large meetings both in New York an I) 0 ,, delphia, but a dear ear has been paid to tOr rew itrances, ',THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 25, 1804.