The Sun. — London, England, 1864-08-02 00:00:00

TEE f ill/IL WAR IN AMERICA, (From the limes' Correspondent.) NEW YORK, July 19. Tne long-expected proclamation of the President orc.lering a ntlw draught appeared yesterday. It was thottght that he would not have asked for more than .300 . ,000, but he has called for 500,000. No body, I wever, is much surprised. It is as easy to say a r zillion as half a million, and quite as difficult is the present temper of the American people to raise the smaller as the larger number. To call spirits from the vasty deep is one thing. To get them to C 011143 is another. Nothing is easier for Mr. Lincoln than to say he must have new and immense armies, but to draw them out of the, vasty deep of the American people is a feat beyond the power of the magician. It is likely, however, that between this time and the day of the Presidential election about a third of the number (say 150,000 men) may be got together by the system of high bounties aided by the great flood of immigration ; and that, contented with this addition to the armies in the held—which will be duly represented as much la rger than it is—the Administration will discover ab undant reasons for not enforcing the conscription in Any city or township where it might breed dis- content and rebellion. It appears from a tabular statement, published this morning, that since April, 1861, when Mr. Lin. coin modestly called for '75,000 men to reduce the South to obedience, he has on successive occasions called :for upwards of 1,800,000 men, ex c l us i ve of 49'7,000 militiamen to protect the borders. At pre sent it is a very larg e estimate which places the Federal armies at more than 600,000 men. If any one could suppose that the several calls were filled, and the 1,600,000 men actually enrolled and sent to b attic, there would remain the enormous number of 1,200,000 to be accounted for as having been slain, la ieled, disabled, or taken prisoners, or as having s ;rued out their stipulated time or deserted. No (I nc knows, or ever will know, the number of the sllin ; but when it is remembered how bloody were a ll the battles of M'Clellan and his successors d ovn to General Grant, and that Grant himself s lost 100,000 men since he crossed the Rspidan mark than nine weeks ago, one-half of whom were killed, it can scarcely be considered an exaggerated computation to put down a quarter of a million among the dead, but, perhaps, unburied victims of the war. The number of the maimed who have lost arms and legs in the pursuit of victory is as 415:mit to arrive at as th a t of the slain unless a i;pecial census were taken ; but any one who walks the streets of New York may observe a sufficient n timber of these mutilated heroes to justify him in ti le belief that, if New York be in this respect a fa it specimen of the other cities of the North and AV est, there is as large a number of wounded men as of dead ones to be placed to the debit side of the struggle. If Governor Seymour, for instance, would bat undertake to bring these living " braves" togea ,„ and pass their ghastly legions in review, there is no open space within the limits of the city which woutd contain them, and he would have to summon them to meet in the flats of New Jersey, if he would afford to his countrymen and to the world ao new but so suggestive a spectacle of the horrors of war, Bat, taking the killed, the wounded, and the dis abled as at least amounting to half a million, there would remain still 700,000 men to be accounted for as prisoners, deserters, and volunteers who have served their time. If there be such a number in existence, it is to them, to the emigrants, and to the .negroes that Mr. Lincoln will have to look for the all million of new victims which his ruthless policy rt quires. The working classes are notoriously indis eed to the fight. The traders and farmers have h at I enough of it. The peace party is daily gather ing strength, and a 'victory achieved by the South, instead cf firing the heart of the North, and fan ning np the flickering and fading flame of the once ardent enthusiasm of the people, would, there is every reason to believe, have the contrary effect, and predispose to peace many thousands and tens of thousands whose original opinions on the justice and necessity of the war have begun to waver. Nor is the question of money less critical than that of men. General Sherman's troops, whether their numbers be 60,000 or 100,000, have not received a cent of pay since the 31st of December, 1863. The Government is in arreer to them for upwards of six months an a half. Mr. Fessenden has been unable to borrow 50,000,000 of greenbacks from the banks of New York—mainly because the banks do not p05ec.33 20,000,000 among them of that particular variety of the currency, and be is not authorised by law to accept or put into circulation 50,000,000 of the notes of the State banks. Without further loans and farther issues of leghl tender notes, already so depreciated that the paper dollar is worth but 35c. in coin, the Federal Government cannot provide the means for the payment of its existing armies. It is under such circumstances that Mr. Lincoln demands more men. If he raise them, he must also raise money to pay them, and, in default of taxes and of leans, nothing is left for him but a paper currency, very likely in view of events as well as of its own indepondeace to fall in value until it becomes about as worthless as the Continental money of the Ame rican Re - volution, or the French assignats, about 500 of which were necessary to purchase a cup of coffee, People are asking whether Mr. Lincoln will not now order the release of Howard, the forger, who showed him, somewhat prematurely, the paths in which he ought to walk. The false proclamation said the campaign of Grant was a failure, called for a levy of 40,000 men, and appointed a day of fast ing, humiliation, and prayer. Mr. Lincoln has not only arrived at Howard's mark, but overstepped it by 100,000 men ; confessing by his acts, if not by his words, that Grant's failure is as great as Howard, with prophetic impudence, represented it to be; and that fasting and prayer are more ap propriate to the circumstances than rejoicings and thanksgiving. 'Whatever be done with Howard, he has shown himself to be a " smart" man, and, as this is a country where " smartness," irrespective of honesty, is always held in esteem, he will un doubtedly come out of Fort Lafayette a more con siderable personage than when he entered it. Grant seems to be at a complete, and Sherman at a quasi, standstill. The " raiders," if such they were, and no more—who desolated large tracts of Maryland, and were so near taking Washington, or to have lost it by a hair's breadth of accident—have retired with their booty no one knows whither. The comfortable Government at the capital, believing all danger to be over, has sent back the few militia men that rushed to arms at its call for the defence of the border, and is once again slumbering in se curity, apparently without the slightest idea that the raid may be but the first rain drop of a storm and that L2o—and a deluge — maybe ready to fall when the clouds are heavyenougb. But if the battle lingers the war of words goes on—and foolish Generals talk when they should be silent. The only Northern commanders who have won great battles are M'Clellan and Grant. And these two, among all the soldiers who one after the other have been intrusted with high command, are as yet the only two who know how to hold their tongues. Their talent for silence is as great as their genius for war. MiClellan only became an orator after he had ceased to be employed in the field; and Grant has never yet made a speech. The talking and writing Generals, such as Butler, Schenck, Wallace, Banks, Burnside, Pope, Ho o k er , and Sherman, have all proved to be military failures, with the single oy,:ception of the last, who has still the victory to achieve which will take him out of the category. Thee :orals ars all more or l ess c l ever with the to m ` ,nd the pen, bat they are none o f theta dis crc,h ouneh to keep their own counsel—a kind of Lion in the lead ers o f arm i es which i be called the better part of their m ti Thu , General Sh erman has found yak singular epistle to his sabor tiea .rbridge, commanding in the din m i ctry d:striet of is:entucky. In this d ocument h e mi tiers that ga2ril.:),s in Kentucky shall be "treated as if they were wild beasts," and hunted and shot down remorselessly. He reminds Gen. Burbridge that before starting on his campaign into Georgia he foresaw that this kind of peraon would become v troublesome," and asked M r Bramleth, the -eel of the State, to ergauise in every county and trustworthy bend, commanded by t h e eho should at one dash arrest every man ther a Go Ql3t.4re. eaV(''J vri, neral 811 in the community who was dangerous to it"—t. e., whom the sheriff supposed to be dangerous. The sheriff and his trustworthy band were a.se to arrest every fellow hanging about the towns, vi loges, and cross-roads who had no honest callin;. The Go vernor, however, did not see fit to t the advice, thinking, no doubt, as Gen. Sherman conjectures, " that this sweeping exhibition of power seemed rather arbitrary." Therefore Gen. Sherman, whose sole business just now should be to fight Gen. John. ston, has seen fit to take the matter out of the Go ernor's hands, and make an end in Kentucky not only of the guerillas by shooting and hanging, but of all persons, male or female, who have harboured or encouraged such unrecognised soldiers. The punishment of such sympathisers with rebellion is to be transportation by batches of 300 or 400 from the " fair garden of Kentucky," their native home. They are to be seat down the Mississippi in avessel bearing the Federal flag, and thus to run the gaunt let of their friends, the yet uncaptured and unhung guerillas who molest the banks of that river. If they escape death and arrive safely at New Orleans, they are to be put on board a sailing ship and trans ported to a land, which the General does not name, " where they may if they please found a slave colony, and take their slaves along with them." The General, well aware that so extraordinary a proceeding will require justification in the eyes of the world, finds it ready to his hands, where tyrants have ever found it in all ages. "My own defence," he says, " was and is that the civil authorities in Kentucky would do this ; but if they will not or cannot, we' must, for it must be done." And who are "we 7" The General answers the inquiry in another and, beyond doubt, the most remark. able portion of his letter. "The fact is," he says, "in our country personal liberty has been so well secured that public safety is lost sight of in our laws and institutions. We are thrown back 100 years in civilisation, laws, and everything else, and will go straight to anarchy and the devil, if some body won't arrest our downward progress. We, the military, must do it." Herein the indiscreet Gene ral confesses too much. Under the Constitution, and the system of State rights, personal liberty was secured; and public safety—i.e., the safety of the Central Government, was so little endangered that the founders of American liberty lost sight of it in the laws and institutions which they formed. As all the difficulty which has plunged the country into this fearful war arose out of an intermeddling with the rights of the States—and an attempt, unhappily successful, to maximize instead of to minimize the power and authority of the Central Government, the true remedy for the evils which afflict the land and threaten the anarchy which the General foresees would seem to lie in a return to the principles of the Constitution. This, however, is not what General Sherman and the governing party desire. Under the plea of necessity and the danger to the public safety, they have abrogated the Constitution, in creased the power of the Administration, and helped to produce anarchy, in order to take advantage of it to erect a despotism on the ruins of liberty. " We, the military, will do it," says the man of the shoulder straps. There can be no doubt of the willingness, even if he had not blurted it out so bluntly. But a wiser General than Sherman has spoken, a General who is fortunately not in command of an army, but reduced to the less dangerous station of civil governor of a province. General Banks, at a meeting of the Bar of New Orleans on the 7cla inst., took occasion to say "that the settlement of the difficulties between :North and South must proceed from the moral power of the country, which was something greater and more efficacious than the sword." He coupled this sensible admission with a melancholy, if not with a humiliating, one—that it was the first duty of the people to make such sacrifices on the field of battle as success might demand. This moans that both parties are too proud to yield to moral reasons, while a chance is left for conquest, and that only when one or the other, or both, are exhausted by their unavailing bloodshed, the moral power, so much greater and more effica cious then the sword, will have a chance to prevail among a people who claim to be the moat highly educated and religious in the world. Perhaps, however, General Banks is of opinion that if the South will not yield to the North, or the North to the South, and that they must, therefore, continue fighting out of mere pride, tali exhaustion ensue, the " moral power" of Christendom might at t his or some not very remote day be employed to counsel therm to lay down their arms, and debate the terms of compromise and peace by means of a general convention of all the States in the mode provided by the Constitution ? If such be really his belief, he is a much wiser man than Mr. Lincoln, or any member of his Cabinet. The Board of Trade and the Railways, The Board of Trade has issued the following circular: " Whitehall, July 30, " Sir,—l am directed by the Lords of the Com. mittee of Privy Council for Trade to request you to state to the directors of the railway company that my Lords have had under their con- sideration the complaints, frequently urged on their attention, of the danger existing or apprehended from the want of means of communication between the different portions of a railway train while in motion. Several instances have occurred of car riages having taken fire, or having been thrown off the rails, the passengers in which had no means of making their perilous situation known to the ser vants of the company in charge of the train. Recent occurrences also of a criminal nature in passenger railway trains have excited among the public a very general feeling of alarm. Under these cir cumstances, my Lords are desirous of calling the attention of railway companies to this subject, with a view to the consideration by them of the question how far, by means of increased facili ties for communication between different portions of a railway train while in motion, or rather im proved regulations, it may be practicable to obviate the evils complained of and to allay the sense of insecurity at present prevailing among railway passengers. ‘1 My Lords are very sensible that without the cordial co-operation of the railway companies any attempt to introduce improvements in the system of railway management would be attended with doubtful success. " Several expedients have been suggested as cal culated in some degree to further the desired object. , 6 One expedient for guarding against offences in railway carriages which has been proposed is that of placing windows between the compartments of each carriage. As these windows might be pro vided with curtains, the privacy of the carriages need not ordinarily be interfered with. "As an expedient for providing means of com munication between the guard and the passengers, it has been suggested that every vehicle forming part of a passenger train should be furnished with footboards and handrails, which would admit of the guard (or, in case of emergency, other persons) passing along the train. "It appears to my Lords deserving of considera tion whether this expedient, guarded, of course, by carefully framed regulations to prevent abuse,might not be generally adopted with beneficial effects, " The ass of a cord running along the train, by means of which the guard can attract the attention has now existed Cu some lines of the engine -driver, so long as to prove that there is no difficulty in its application. " I am to request that my Lords may be favoured with the opinion of the directors as to the practical i value of the arrangements of the nature specified, and also with any su ggestion° which the di rectors may think adapted to accomplish the ends which my Lords have in view. " I am also to request that my Lords may be in formed what means are in practice on your line for ef f ecting communication between different portions of a train while in motion, and whether, with a view to the application of such means to the carriages of one company passing on the line of another com pany, any regulations of a general and compulsory character are deemed expe di ent.— l am, s i r , your obedient servant, " JAMES BOOTH. " Tee Secretary of the Railway Comp THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 2, 1864. Naval and Military Intelligence, We have received the following letter from a Malta correspondent, dated the 28th of July :—Her Majesty's screw steamship of the line Marlborough, bearing the flag of the Commander-in-Chief, Vice- Admiral Smart, K.H., accompanied by the Meeanee, steam liner, Liffey and Magicienne, steam frigates, re-entered port on the 22d, from a four days' cruise in the offing of Malta, to try rates of sailing. She left again on the 26th for another cruise in the channel of Malta, to exercise great guns. The Meeanee and Magicienne entered port on the 27th, and put to sea agai❑ on the 28th. Her Majesty's screw steam frigate Pheebe, relieved on the coast of Syria by the Cossack, corvette, arrived on the 23d of July, after a 12 day's passage, chiefly under sail. Her Majesty's despatch steamer Psyche leaves for Naples to-day, probably to announce the visit to that port next month of a naval division under Vice- Admiral Smart, deferred, it is reported, until the return to Caprera of General Garibaldi from Ischia, The Sultan's despatch steamer Peki Sherif arrived from Constantinople on the 23d and left for Tunis on the 24th of July, with despatches from the Sub lime Porte to the Sultan's Commissioner at Tunis, with an offer, it is stated, of 25,000 mounted Bashi- Bazonks, to put down the insurrection of the Tunisian territory." The deaths of the following officers have been reported at the War-office since the Ist of July : Gen. Sir R. W. Gardiner, G.C.8., K.C.H., Col. Commandant of the Royal Artillery ; Lient.-Gens. Sir W. Brereton, K.C.8., K.H., Royal Artillery ; and C. M. Hay, Col. of the 91st Highlanders; Major-Gens. R. Hardinge, LH., Royal Artillery ; H. N. Vigors, and N. T. Lake, C. 8., Col. E. T. P. Sherwen, -Royal Artillery; Lieut.-Col. H. J. P. Booth, 43d Light Infantry; Majors A. Fleming, Royal Artillery ; G. V. Tilling, Royal Engineers ; J. Harfun, 2d West India Regiment ; and R. Woods, Bth Veterinary Battalion; Capts. H. 0. Mann, 7th Royal Fnsileers ; R. C. Glover, R. T. F. Hamil• ton, and E. Utterton, 43d Light Infantry, killed in action in New Zealand; F. G. E. (never, 43d Light Infantry, of wounds received in action in New Zealand ; G. W. Wilmot, 106th Bombay Light Infantry ; P. W. Kingsmill, 4th West India Regiment; and H. Kirwan, 15th Regiment; Lieuts. H. Macsween, Royal Engineers ; H. W. Ashford. 100th Prince of Wales's Royal Canadian Regiment ; R. Brew, lat West India Regiment; J. B. Powell, 12th Regiment ; and K. Champion ; Ensigns C. J. Langland, 431 Infantry (killed in action); A. Chayter, 63d Regiment ; C. T. Martin, 70th Regi ment ; and A. V. Hodenberg, 7th Line Battalion, King's German Legion ; Quartermaster W. G. Street, 46th Regiment; Assistant Commissary- General C. Wemyss ; Surg. M. L. Este, Ist Life Guards ; Assist.-Surg. J. Greig, M.D. ; Hospital Assistant A. Bruce ; Deputy-Assistant Superin tendent of Stores J. Rainsford. ASSIZE INTELLIGEIECE. NORTHERN CIRCUIT—MANCEIEETER, AUG. 1. CROWN SIDE. (Before Mr Baron Pigott,) Ann Leslie was placed at the bar charged with firing a pistol at John Whalley, at Manchester, onthe 22d of March last, with intent to murder him, and withother intents. Mr Pope and Mr Watson conducted the prosecution, and Mr Torr defended the prisoner. According to the opening statement of the learned coun sel for the Crown, Mr Whalley, the prosecutor, was a mer chant, living at Old Trafford, and had forned a connexion some 10 or 11 years ago with prisoner, wlo then belonged to the class of unfortunates, and had solicited him one even ing in the street. The connexion lasted two or three years, at the expiration of which time Mr Whalley, being desirous of putting an end to it, gave the prisoner money to estab lish herself in business in various places, and to emigrate to Australia—but these plans for her maiatenance he ultimately allowed her £3 per month, which allowance was paid up to a twelvemonth ago. It was teen discontinued on account of the large demands made upcn the prosecutor by the prisoner, and the latter then began to persecute Mr Whalley by following him in the street and claiming assistance from him, and to such au extent that he on one occasion called in the assistance of the police. On the 15th of last March the prosecutor was opening the door to leave his warehouse when he perceived the pri soner before him presenting a pistol, and he immediately withdrew inside and shut the door, and saw nothing more of her on that day. On the 22d, however, at 20 minutes past 5 o'clock, as he was leaving his warehouse, he saw her again standing on the steps of the adjoining warehouse, and he then warned her that if she attempted anything he would give her into the hands of the police. He made his way as quickly as he could towards the Victoria station, but as he was descending some steps which conduct to a bridge, from which on the other side a steep incline rises up to the station, he heard a report of a pistol, and looking back saw the prisoner on the top step and present ing a pistol at him of which she appeared to be endeavour ing to draw the trigger. He called to two boys who hap pened to be near to stop her from firing, and took to his heels across the bridge and into the station, taking refuge in one of the carriages, the prisoner telling the boys that if they interfered with her it would be the worse for them, and calling after the prosecutor " You villain, I'll kill you to•night," ran after him into the station, where she was secured with the pistol in her hand. The prosecutor had not been hit, but it appeared that a man named Taylor, who happened to be coming from the station and down the in cline towards Mr Whalley at the time of the occurrence, heard the report when he was about 77 yards distant, and at the same moment felt himself struck on the breast at a place where he !mmediately afterwards found that his waistcoat was slightly torn. Although no bullet was found, the theory of the prosecution was that the blow was from the bullet which, being fired from the pistol when it was pointed downwards after the prosecutor as he descended the steps, hit the ground and ricocheted before striking Taylor. A pistol was found on the prisoner, which had five barrels, one of them having been discharged, and being still warm. The others wore all loaded with ball, but in one the ball had slipped between the chamber and the barrel, so as to prevent the revolution of the chambers or a second dis. charge of the pistol, and in two of them there was no powder at all, while in the others there was a very small quantity of powder indeed. All the nipples, however, were capped, and the absence of a sufficiency of powder in the barrels, as well as the displacement of one of the bullets, was accounted for by the evidence of a gunsmith, who stated that the bullets were so small as to be loose in the barrels. Prisener had bought a pistol shortly before from a pawnbroker, who she had wished should load it for her, but on his refusal to do so she bought it on a second occasion without his doing so. When it fell to Mr Whalley's lot to be cross-examined he was compelled to state that he was 59 years of age,a widower, and the father of five daughters, of whom the eldest was 22 years old. He had been many years in business and was in good circumstances. He said that she accosted him in the street, and lel him into temptation, and not he her ; and that from that circumstance, and from what sho had told him, he knew at the time that she was an unfortunate, and yet he had unfortunately yielded to her temptation. He did not tell her the first night that he would provide for her as long as she lived, but he did tell her afterwards that she should not want. He said that he did not regularly allow her money until after two years or more, but he visited and paid her each time he did so. Nevertheless he had experien ced a tendenoy towards reform within the first three months of theconnexion, and had spoken of reform for both of them before she went to London, and he had given her a Church Service. He had net a key of her door made for himself, and if he did give her an order upon Chubb's to have a lock and keys made it was for herself only. He knocked at the door, and when he went in he sometimes saw another going out at the back. He further stated that he had given her a letter of introduction to a place in London, and that she obtained a situation in the Gray's-inn Hotel, from which she got leave of absence to spend a few days in Manchester, but he entirely denied that she overstayed her time in consequence of his renewed connection with her. Subsequently he fitted up, first a shop. and then furnished lodgings for her, which had cost him considerable sums of money, and after that he had given her sums of money, until furniture bills of her's to a large amount were sent in to him last August, when ho cut off further allowance altogether. The learned counsel for the prisoner alluded to the interest his client's position created in the town. testifiel to by the condition of the court, and said that a different complexion had been endeavoured to be put upon the story to• day from what had ever been attempted before. Not in the deposi tions or on any previous occasion had the prosecutor hinted that the prisoner had been an " unfortunate" before he had reduced her to that position. Therefore he had cross-exa mined narrowly to that point, which would have some weight with the jury in dealing with his client's case. He then proceeded to deal very severely with the prosecutor's conduct in his connexion with this young girl—a man of his age and position leading her into sin, yet with words of reform on his lips. With reference to the assistance given her, it was not so much as the prosecutor had stated, and he had finally left her destitute. As regarded the offence itself, the prisoner had merely intended to threaten Mr Whalley, and there was no evidence that she had pointed the pistol at him, or even that it was adequately loaded at all. At a late hour the jury acquitted the prisoner, and the verdict was received with loud cheers. Cyrus Travis was placed at the bar charged with endea vouring to poison his wife by administering to her a cake containing a quantity of antimony and seven bent pins. Mr Pope proseccuted ; the prisoner was undefended. The prisoner's wile, Ellen, was an inmate of the Prest wich Lunatic Asylum, and on May 12 he paid her a visit there, and, treating her apparently affectionately, left her some oranges and a cake, which Was afterwards found to contain a quantity of tartarised antimony, and seven pins bent into the shape of a fishhook. The cake was bought by the prisoner, and upon him was found a quantity of anti• mony, exactly corresponding with that in the cake. When he returned from the asylum he spoke with a neightiour of his wife's condition, saying that she was wor se and not likely to live long, although in point of fact sh e was particularly well; and he also said that he should h ave to pay up some arrears of subscriptions to a burial society, in order to entitle himself to a sum of £5 6s. upon her death, and that he meditated marryi ng aga i n. The Judge having Bummed up, the jury found a verdict of guilty. Sentence deferred. to get another, and to say nothing about her loss to her step •father. From this time forward the prosecutor aas constantly missing things from the store, and at last deter mined to watch for the thief. On the night of Saturday, the 26th of March, therefore, instead of leaving the shop locked up till the following Monday, ho got his step daughter to lock him in, and, going upstairs, opened the trap-door slightly, and waited patiently till half-past 10. About that time he heard the outer door open and some one go into the prisoner's part of the house. Immediately afterwards the lock of the store was opened, and the pri soner came in with a candle, and going to the till took some money out. The prosecutor then rushed down the ladder, exclaiming, " I've got you at last." The prisoner at first begged for mercy and pardon, but afterwards said the key had been put under her door by some one, and, suspecting all was not tight, she had gone into the store to see that everything was safe. She was convicted and sentenced to six months' imprison ment, with hard labour. The Volunteers, Yesterday the rifle ranges on Wimbledon-common were used for prize shooting. The competition was for the nume rous prizes of the Ist Surrey Rifles, which this year amount in value to nearly £4OO. The weather was all that could be desired, and the arrangements, which were conducted by a shooting committee composed of officers and members of the corps, were most satisfactory. The principal prizes are the Pollock Challenge Cup, value 50 guineas, the gift of Gen, Sir George Pollock, G.C.B„ K 5.1., hon, colonel of the corps. The let Surrey Challenge Cup, value 25 guineas. the gilt of Lieut.-Col. Macdonald. The Ladies' Challenge Cup, value 25 guineas. The Kennington (No. 2) Company's Challenge Cup, value 30 guineas, open to all members who have attended i 4 drills during the 12 months preceding the competition. The Newington (No. 7) Company's Chal lenge Cup, value 30 guineas, to be shot for by eight men from each company. The Honorary Members' Prize Cup, value 20 guineas, given by Mr F. Doulton, M.P.—£.2l for best score--£7 7s, added by the shooting committee, for second—£3 3s, ditto, far third. The competition yesterday was open only to efficient members of the corps. The shoot ing will be resumed and concluded on Wednesday. At the recent competition of the Eton College Rifles for the silver challenge medals and marksmen's badges, which came off in Windsor Great Park, the ranges being 650, 700, 800, and 900 yards, five shots at each, the following were declared the winners :—The Head Master's Challenge Medal, Captain 8.. Pierpont, 15 points—Mr Arkwright's Challenge Medal, Private T. Delap, 12 points—Ensign W. W. Wood, 12 points. The tie in the latter case was after wards shot off at 900 yards, when Private Delap was de clared the winner. The following also are entitled to marks men's badges :—Lieut. W iian, 11—Corporal Thompson, 7 —and Corporal Oswald, 7. The Staffordshire Rifle Association held its annual meet ing for competition in rifle sbooting last week at Newcastle under-Lyne. For the Rifle Volunteer prizes, 25 in num ber and of the aggregate value of £145, there were 250 com petitors. Twenty-ono of these prizes were divided into three equal portions and given for scores at 200, 500, and 600 yards respectively. The first prize at 200 yards was won by Private Smith, 11th Company, with a score of 17 ; the first prize at 500 yards by Cerporal Parrish, Gth Company, who also scored 17, and the first prize at 610 yards, by Corporal Woodward, 20th Company, with the same score as the winners of the other prizes. Four prizes were offered for the highest aggregate scores at the three distances just named, and the first, £2O, was taken by Lieut, Morson, 32d company, who made 46 marks, and who also won the National R;fla Association bronze medal. The borough of Newcastle presented a cup of the value of 20 guineas to competition at 200, 300, and 500 yards. There were 84 com petitors, and Sergeant Nicholls, 10th company, won the cup, with a score of 48. He also took a prize of £2O, offered by the officers of the Stafford Battalion, for the best score at 200 and 500 yards, at which he made 34 hits and points. Mr Sneyd, of Keefe Hall, gave £2O for the highest aggre gate score made at the competition just named; Lieut Mar son, 32d, was the winner. Two prizes offered by the asso ciation for competition to members of the Ist Staffordshire Artillery Volunteer Corps were shot for by 14 members, and won by Gunner Owen and Corporal Bishop, who each, in the first place, scored 29. Four prizes given by the asso ciation were shot for by - members of the Staffordshire militia regiments, at 200 and 400 yards, and the first was won by Sergeant Christie, 2d Regiment, who made 28 marks. There were 22 competitors. A sweepstakes of 10s each, with £lO added by the association, was shot for at 100 yards by 33 members of the Staffordshire Yeomanry force ; and the first prize was taken by Corporal Witton, of the Himley troop' with a score of 13. The first All Comers' prize was won by Corporal Wright, Hanley, who scored 44, at 200, 500, and 600 yards. On Tuesday evening the officers of the Ist battalion of Staffordshire Rifle Volunteers gave a banquet to the Earl of Lichfield, the Lord Lieutenant of the county. On Saturday afternoon a grand volunteer sham fight took place on the grounds of Major Graham of Capellie, near Crofthea2, eight miles from Glasgow. Col. M'Murdo, Inspector-General of Volunteers, was in command. Shortly before 3 o'clock the troops defiled into their positions, and the arrangements were finally completed for the fight. The attacking force was made up of the second brigade, under the command of Sir Michael Shaw Stewart, M.P,, the third brigade under Sir Archibald Islay Campbell, and the fourth brigade under Major M`Bain. The defending force, com posed of the first brigade (consisting of the Lanark Artil lery Volunteers, the 3d and 4th Lanark Rifles, and a de tachment of the 92d Highlanders, under the command of Col. Nugent) was posted on Duchielaw-hill (an eminence on the north of the field of operations), under cover of two small plantations of fir trees. The men were drawn up in lines of contiguous quarter-distance columns, and had the 92d in reserve, towards the rear of the centre. The force de fending Duchielaw was protected in front by two howitzers, placed on commanding ground at the corner of the wood, and two 9-pounders, planted on the brow of the slope, in front of the centre of the position. The attacking force, consisting of the Ist, 2d, and 3d battalions of the Renfrew Rifles, the let, 2d, and 4th administrative battalions of the Lanark Rifles, and the sth, 19th, and 25th Lanark Rifles was divided into two divisions, and took ground in the hollows lying on either side of a small wooded elevation known as Game-hill, which fronted the declivity of Duchie law, on which the guns of the defending force were visible. The battle ended, Colonel M'Murdo, attended by Colonel Young, Assistant-Inspector of Volunteers, Colonel Dun das, Colonel Jones, Colonel Brougham, and Major Walker took up their position below the Union Jack, which indi cated the saluting point ; and the marching past com menced. This evolution took place upon a level field to the west of Game-hill, and formed one of the most interesting parts of the days proceedings. The artillery came first, followed by the 92d Highlanders and the engineers, and the riflemen came next, their: many-coloured uniforms affording interesting topics of conversation to the onlookers, Amon4 the companies that moved past the flag staff, the 92d Highlanders bore the palm for picturesqueness of dress and steadiness cf movement, end the precision with which they wheeled elicited admiring cheers from all present. When the last company had defiled past Colonel M'Murdo asked the volunteers to give the 92d Highlanders three cheers as they crossed their front, and this request was heartily responded to. In his address to the volunteers Colonel M'Murdo said the firing had been exceedingly good, and when the nature of the ground was taken into account, the manner in which the force of 7,000 men made respec tively in two bodies six changes of front did them great credit. It was with great satisfaction that he had come there, for he observed a growing efficiency in the volunteers of Lanarkehiso and Renfrewshire. At the close of his speech, three cheers were given for Colonel M`Murdo, and the t/onps left the ground. MIDLAND CIRCUIT.—Youic., Aug. 1 Mr Justice Keating sat at 9 o'clock, and tried the follow. ing case, being one of two for trial for offences committed in the city of York : John Foy was indicted for the wilful murder of Thomas Palfreman on the 21st of May. Mr Shepherd prosecuted; Mr Maule defended the pri soner. _ _ _ It appeared the prose cu t or , a fine young man of 21, h ad been on the day in question to the lina vesmire, the race ground, with four or five of his backers , to fi g ht a man from Newcastle, who, how ever , did no t appear. The party re turned in triumph to York, and spent the afternoon in drinking at different public houses. About 8 o'clock they went into the Queen's Head, where the prisoner, an Irish man, was sitting with four of his compatriots. Palfreman went up to the table where Foy was sitting, and, putting down a shilling, offered to fight any man in the company. Foy put down another shilling, and they began to fight. The fight soon became general, until Palfreman drew back crying out that he was stabbed. The doors were immediately locked and a surgeon sent for. The surgeon examined Palfreman, and found two wounds evidently caused by a knife—one in the abdomen and the other in the side, pierc ing the liver. The wounded man lingered about 40 hours and then died. Wh en som e one asked who ha d done the ing and stabbed a large deed, the prison er c h arge d an other man named Den ny, who, however, was not near the deoeased at the time, with hav pocket et N k e n x if t a morning trihneg back, covered withhouse was search e d, blood, was found behind one of the settles. It was proved that the prisoner had been frequently seen to use a similar knife. _ _ of the offence, as display e d i n the repetitio n of the bl ow, the L c h o a r d r a s chtiepr, of aft t e h r e t w o o e u c n h d in s g upon the atrocity , an d the false charge mad e The jury found hi m gu ilty of manslaugh ter, an d de ll ad i l s y against an innocent person, sentencad the prisoner to penal servitude for 20 years. _ _ CROWN COURT. (Before ivlr .Tuatice BlAckbarn.) E:izabeth Harding, a very respectable-lookingold woman, was indicted for a burglary committed under somewhat peculiar circumstances. Mr Campbell Fost er prosecuted, and Mr Shepherd de fended the prisoner. which h e the s p h ri e so o n ec e u r p is ied herself,ow osfelalihrg confectionery therein,ouse at Pickering, half o f and half she let to the prosecutor, William Holliday, w h o kept a bacon and flour store. Each had a key of the outer door, and used the passage in common, Holliday having a separate key of his shop, and obtaining access to the rooms above it by means of a ladder and trap-door. Early in March the prosecutor's step-daughter lost the key of the store, and spoke to the prisoner about it, who advised her Reformatory and Industrial Schools, Mr. Sydney Turner's seventh annual report states that at the close of the year 1863 there were in the 64 reformatories in Great Britain, nominally, 3,677 boys and 1,000 girls; but in fact 227 boys and 36 girls were out on license, 9 boys and four girls were in prison, and 85 boys and 14 girls had absconded and were not yet recovered, leaving actually in the schools 3,356 boys and 946 girls, of whom 618 boys and 263 girls were iu Catholic reformatories. The total is not very much larger than in 1862, and there appears no reason to apprehend any material addition to the charges which the reformatory school system entails. The admissions in the year fell from 1,338 in 1862, to 1,209 in 1863, a diminution attri butable chiefly to increased caution and more careful inquiry into the circumstances of each case on the part of the committing magistrates. There are no signs of any serious increase in the amount of juve nile crime. The committals of juvenile offenders di minished in Scotland in 1863, and in England in creased only at about the same rate as the increase of population, and at less than half the rate of in crease of adult committals. With regard to the sues cess of reformatory schools Mr Turner is able to report, in relation to England, that of the 1,423 Protestant boys discharged in the three years 1860- 62, 916 are known to be doing well, 114 are of doubt ful or indifferent character, 181 have been convicted of crime, 33 have died, the remaining 179 are un known, and probably half of them may be added to the number convicted, making that number 270, or one in every five discharged and still alive, Of the Catholic boys a much larger proportion are unknown; the re-convictions, on the same calculations as above, must have been above 38 per cent. A considerable proportion of this unfavourable result must be laid to the account of Mount St. Bernard's Reformatory, but Mr. Turner attributes it mainly to the want of a more independent vigorous tone in the discipline, and of more cars and exertion i.n the arrangements for discharge. The returns for the girls' schools in England show, on the same calculation, a percentage of reconviction or relapse of about 19 per cent. among the Protestants, and about 18 per cent. among the Catholics. In Scotland the reformatories for boys give more favourable results, but the girls' schools are not so successful as in England. Mr. Turner is able to report that during the past year the internal working of the schools has been gene rally very satisfactory. 01' Mount St. Bernard's he continues to believe that the institution will finally overcome all the difficulties which beset it. He has still to state that more than half the admissions to reformatories are of children who have not been previously convicted; that is to say, they have been sent without haying the trial first made whether they could not be checked or turned from their criminal courses by an appropriate punishment without incurring the cost and responsibility of a long detention at the public eepence. The average annual cost exceeds the Treasury allowance of 115 125., and there is no prospect of reformatories ever becoming self.supporting by the labour of the inmates. Of the forty-seven certified industrial schools in Great Britain we learn that at the end of the year 1863 they contained 1,349 children ander detention—a great increase ;on 1862; but most of these schools have been too recently in operation to make it useful to analyze their expenditure at present. Of 153 children discharged from them in England up to the end of 1862, 81 are known to have done well, but there is a large num ber of " unknown." Mr. Turner is satisfied with the general condition of these schools. The pay ments from parents and parochial boards amounted in the year to :C1,150 ; in reformatories to £2,450. The report notices with approbation the Catholic school for girls in Queen-square (St. Margaret's Home), but Mr. Turner has to express his regret that so little is done by Protestants in using the In dustrial Schools Act in London, with reference to the large number of young girls who are sent out to beg about the streets and crossings. It seems strange that with such powers as the Act gives, and such excellent schools as exist, the girls should be left to ripen into thieves or prostitutes from simple want of interference. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS, TIMES.—At length the German war against Den mark, which has so long engaged the attention of the world, has come to an end. At the third meet ing of the Conference at Vienna Denmark made a full concession of all that had been demanded of her, and M. von Quaade, having received the necessary instructions, agreed to sign the preliminaries of peace. A three months' armistice has been accepted, and King Christian has promised to cede the Duchies of Schleswig, Holstein, and Lauenburg, with the appertaining islands, and will retain a diminished territory with a million and a half of inhabitants, burdened by the expenses of war or exhausted by the ravages of the enemy. Although it has been long apparent that the wa r cou ld h ave no other termination, yet now that the final catastrophe has occurred it is impossible to hear of it without sympathy and regret. A people admitted by all intelligent observers to be among the most esti mable in Europe, have seen their territory invaded, their overmatched armies defeated, their home steads occupied by the enemy, and their wealth both in money and kind wrung from them by piti less military commanders. The provinces which had been united to their country for four centuries, and the possession of which had been approved by every European State 12 years ago, have been severed from it for ever; the best harbour of the Baltic is no longer theirs; a large number of their country men, Danes in race and language, are included within the limits of the conquered Duchies, and must in no long time suffer all that denationalisa tion which. WoB the chief grievance of the Germans in the same provinces before the war. It is of little use in an hour of such evil fortune to deal in the commonplaces of consolation. The calamity which the Danes have undergone is the greatest that can fall on a State. A loss of territory as the conse quence of unsuccessful war, which not only lowers the reputation of a country, but cripples its finances for years, is a misfortune beyond any that a people can be called upon to bear with resignation. Poll• tical standing, military honour, population, wealth, national security, are all impaired together. It must be with feelings almost of despair that the race which has for so long maintained its country as an independent and respected State can see it limited to two narrow islands and the overrun province of Jutland. The mortification of recognising German superiority is a less evil than the apprehension which the manifest power of Germany to repeat the invasion must inspire. Yet even now it may be said that the position of Denmark is not hopeless. There is com fort to be extraated even from defeat and disruption. After all, though the peace has been imposed on the Dines by a victorious enemy, it is still a peace. The strain of war will cease, the men and money which have been hitherto devoted to resisting the Germans will find other employments. What is left of Den mark may in a few years become a prosperous and contented kingdom. The happiness of nations does not depend on their importance; it is, indeed, often in an inverse ratio to their magnitude in their neighbours' eyes and their own. Small States need keep up only a small army, and no navy at, all. if Denmark be reduced to the rank of Hanover, or the late Duchy of Tuscany, the Danes may bo all the more fortunate in being able to imitate the more moderate establishments of minor States ; and, when the first bitterness of conquest is past, they may even he able to console themselves for the less of the Duchies. Denmark will not be the first State that has been benefited by losing un willing subjects. England never made such ad vances as after the loss of the American colonies ; Austria has already gained by the cession of Lom bardy and her enforced noninterference in the rest of Italy ; she would gain more largely still by the cession of Venetia. If it be now abundantly manic fest that the pore° of the Duchies, whether rightly or wrongly, desired separation from Denmark, and that the retention of them subjected the kind= to continued danger of war, it may prove a blessing that they are gone at last. Certainly for the last twenty years the Danish people have had an enemy within their own nominal territory who has taxed their national resources to the utmost. They fought the Schleswig-Holsteiners and conquered them in 1851, but it was at a great cost, both in actual out lay at the time and in the necessity for keeping up oppressive armaments in order to prevent another rising. If the expenses which the possession of the Duchies has brought on the Danish people be com pared with the revenue contributed by them to the common Treasury, perhaps it may be found that the connexion was not so profitable as to make the present events a cause for complete de spondency. It is more the manner in which the Duchies have been lost than the loss itself which is the real affliction the Danes have to bear. If we turn to Germany, we do not find such a tone of rejoicing as so great a victory should pro duce. The nation, headed by such patriots as the Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Baron Beust, have now, seemingly, accomplished all their objects. They have freed Schleswig and Holstein—that is, they have broken the connexion between them and Den mark. These Duchies are now German soil ; Kiel will be a German port, Rendsburg probably a Ger man fortress. The dream of a generation has been realised, and with the happy accompaniment of unwonted military glory, And yet from north to south the Germans are grumbling or storming against those who have done their work. Never has there been so ill a feeling against Prussia as now that Denmark has surrendered at discretion, and every printshop in German is full of the glorious victory of Dappel. In Hanover, in Saxony, in Bavaria, the press is railing against Berlin, and taunting the Austrian Emperor and Count Rechberg with unworthy concessions. The affair at Rendsburg indicates the relations between King William's Government and the minor States. There was no- thing in the matter which would have given any political trouble, if it had not been for the soreness which already existed. On the 17th a quarrel began in a dancing-house between some Prussian soldiers on one side and some Saxons and Hanoverians on the other. The next day there was a fight between the respective parties, and the ill•feeling increasing, General Von Hake, commanding the Federal forces, telegraphed the news to Berlin, whereupon, very unexpectedly to this officer, Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia ordered General Von Goben to occupy the town, and informed General Von Hake that this was done by special order from Berlin. " General Von Goben," said the Prince," will present himself before Rendsburg at neon upon the 21st with 6,000 men and two batteries, in readiness to undertake the occupation of the posts." Von Hake protested against this very cavalier proceeding. but declared that he should " for the present withdraw the troops from Rendsburg to avoid a conflict." This is the occurrence which has set Germany in a flame. The people of the minor States are furious at hearing that the Federal Commander and his garrison were ordered out of the town by a Prussian General, and the decree enforced by 6,000 Prussians. The Princes share the indignation of their subjects ; the Frankfort Diet is appalled at the want of respect shown to its deputy ; even the Emperor of Austria has been obliged by the re clamations of the minor States and the discontent of his own subjects to ask explanations of M. von Bismark. It is said that an apology has been offered for this high-handed proceeding, but that the minor states are not satisfied and will accept nothing less than the restoration of the town to Federal troops. In all this it is easy to perceive a deeply-rooted jealousy of Prussia, and a conviction that this Rendsburg affair is only one of a long series of assumptions the end and object of which are the incorporation of the Duchies with Prussia itself. Such is the temper of the Germans now that a serious difference between the Confederation and Prussia is an event not beyond the bounds of pos sibility. The policy of M. von Bismark has filled his allies with suspicion. The desire of the Prussian Government is to reimburse Austria for her outlay in the war, and to keep its own troops in Schleswig until tho expenses, estimated at 20,000,000 thalers, have been paid out of the surplus revenue of the Duchy, which is to be collected by Prussian officials. This, of course, is thought to mean that the Prussians should occupy Schleswig as long as they like, or until it is convenient for them to de clare its annexation to their own country, for the payment of such a sum by the impoverished Duchy is out of the question. Hence, day after day, the bitterness between the German spoilers increases, and probably they will no sooner be at peace with Denmark than tneir mutual animosities may give rise to new difficulties. This country will, we trust, not commit the error of again interfering in these disputes; but we may well look with satisfaction on our endeavours to restore an equitable peace when we find these provinces, the freedom of which was the ostensible purpose of the war, still occupied by troops and compelled to maintain them until heavy war debts are liquidated ; when we see the easy Go vernment of Denmark replaced by a military ad ministration ; and when, moreover, it appears that the nation which hes treated a neighbour with this violence i.e almost tempted to turn its arms against itseif. in civil strife. HERALD.—The virtues of benevolence and gene rosity have, like most other virtues, numerous counterfeits afloat, which pass current with the majority of mankind who do not reason very deeply on the phenomena brought beneath their notice. As sheer stupidity is sometimes mistaken for har dihood, so the conduct which arises from weakness or incapacity is not seldom confounded with real liberality of mind. To give away our goods, sur render our rights, or abstain from enforcing obli gations, may sometimes be the marks of greatness, but are oftner the fruits of imbecility. Mr. Windham, no doubt, had the credit of being an " open-handed gentleman" with a large class of his associates, and, when he has nothing better to cone sole himself with, may fall back upon this remi niscence. The Ministers of this great country seem just now very much inclined to seek comfort from a similar source. To abandon treaties rather than face the difficulty of supporting them ; to cede de pendencies rather than take the trouble of main taining them ; and to calmly look on while com pacts which this country guaranteed are trampled under foot before their eyes, are now represented as so many consummate strokes of policy and as so many marks of magnanimity. The cession of the lonian Islands may or may not have been a neces sary or a prudent step. But we cannot see that there is anything in it to be proud of. The feeblest as well as the greatest political genius could equally have done that, The same reflection occurs to one after reading Lord Paluierston's reply to Mr Taylor relating to the Danubian Principalities. Her Majesty's Government congratulates itself on the success whico has attended its mediation between the Porte and the Prince of Moldo-IVallachia, Prince Couza. The Principalities are a little further off than Schleswig-Holstein, and Prince Couza, is a somewhat inferior potentate to the King of Prussia. But in other respects there is a curious resemblance between the two cases. As long ago as 1858, when the provinces of Moldavia and Wallachia were constituted into one principality under their present ruler, then an obscure colonel of militia, and elevated to that high rank as a compromise between the more powerful boyards, a constitu tional form of government was established in those countries with the assent of the Sultan, and under the joint guarantee of the Great Powers of Europe. By the terms of this constitution the possession of political power was ensured to those classes who alone represent the property and intelligence of the country. In Moldo-Wallachia there is no middle class. There is nothing between the boyards or landowners and the peasantry, unless, perhaps, it is a very small class of literary and professional men, who, however, belong to and sympathise with, the former. The boyards are a remarkably intelligent and cultivated race of men. The peasantry, un happily, are probably the most ignorant and una civilised in Europe. Such being the state of the case, Prince Couza, only following out the universal instinct of despotism, which necessarily feels uneasy in the presence of intelligent criticism sanctioned by constitutional authority, resolved if he could to get rid of the existing regime, and substitute for it a system with a much larger infusion of democracy. To this end he proposed to the Represent a ti ve Chamber two laws, the one having for its object the establishment of universal suffrage, the other an agrarian law aiming at a redistribution of landed property on principles almost communistic. The Chamber, with a liberality which cannot be too highly praised, did not refuse to take into consider ation the propriety of some reform in the existing state of the law ; but did positively refuse to pass Prince Couza's measures in their original shape, amounting as they did to the e l eva ti on o f i gnorance over intelligence in the Govern men t, an d to th e virtual confiscation of half the landed property in the country. Meeting with this check Prince Couza had three courses open to him consistent with law and good faith : Hs might have changed his Ministers, and submitted a less ewe e pi ng measure t o th e As verobly. Ha might have dissolved the Assembly and called a new one, by way of testing the opinion of the country. Or If he felt that neither of these courses would be effective, he might have appealed Fmooreyouclitahntehael C W O to toe . Sultan and the Great Powers to revise the constitution of 1858, and bring it more into her een in . the articles of the originalp made But p an io t u s s and wishes of the people. rovision Prince Couza did none of these things- Fired with noble emulation he resolved upon a coup d'etat. He w hole . people ; appealed from the Representative Assembly to the had constitution.b a pleb i scite, nn immense majority of the peasants and of course secured, by means of who Were to bnefit so largely by the ';h3uge. He then demanded of the Great Pi were who , formed the Convention of 1858 to recogn se the result of this manoeuvre as the new constitu tion of the Prin cipalities. Of the illegality, the criminality, and the insolence of this design there CC nnot, of criurse, be two opinions. Of its impolicy judge for themselves when we tell t hem that one of )ur readers may the articles in the new electoral la* ty promulgated by this sagacious Prince enacted t ha t nio one should bo eligible to sit in the Represe latEAi..ve Assembly who could not read and write. Z 'he fi. :Ist impulsed the Porte naturally was to put do A - 'n t his audacious mimic, to recall him to a sense of h is position, and to compel him to observe the obli, ;a . io ns to which he stood pledged. Gradually, hov ver, it was dis covered that Prince Couza had p c werful friends "in another place," whom it would be difficult to enlist against him, though themselvs Frparties to the agreement what he had trodden unc ler foot. Eng land, however, was actuated by n( such arriere ensee. She had no interests in the East to serve beyond those of truth and justice. k ;he might h ave been relied upon to stand by the Cony enti on of 1858 and the Treaty of 1856, in which the Porte was 8° deeply interested. But no ; Engle n, d aband oned her policy, consented to deal with P Couza es with one who had a right of negocia tier], i nste ad of having forfeited his entire political s taws with the destruction of the constitution which creel ted it, and accepted, forsooth, with modification s, t he results cf this lawless act which set Europ , 3 a t defisece. Now, it may be that England la( ‘el. n o other alternative ; that her Government': had got itself into such relations with the European Powers that independent action was imp( )ssible. so, we must blame, of course, rather the cause than the effect. But we do say this, that th.)9 effect is nothing to boast of. It is no feathet - in lord Psi' merston's cap to have assisted at this further d gradation of the public law of Europe ; at this further discomfiture of the policy of En gland ; at this further desertion of an ally whoa 1 we w e 11 : la bound in honour to support. He may sa not help it. But for Great Britain to be t hus eon. tinually " looking as if she could not help it," is O t° very gratifying to those lovers of their co u nt o ' whom her honour, her dignity, and her ree own are still dear. The "modifications" under which the new constitution is now to take effect are, as at tars of detail, neither few nor unimportant'• yu, i t they leave the principle of the revolution unto neue-1 and they entirely condone the illegal violen ee of y be con Prince. A large infusion of democracy, far larg e r than the intelligence of the Moldo.Wallach ion pea : santry can justify, has been infused into the coast' tution, and with that, of course, a stimulus ha s bee ; given to the cry of Sclavonian nationality, whic h the one political element most dangerous CO tb e peace and prosperity of Eastern Europe. Th OCO tempt into which treaty obligations hare be e ° brought in the eyes of these half civilised cothr ea* nities is another most deplorable result of t hese transactions. If one convention is to be set aside with such ease and impunity by the res of single individual, why not another and anot her ' and how can such stipulations be any longer re' garded as securities against perpetual chang e ' , i n n l . termittent anarchy, state of th ings engenders ? COUNTRY MARKET 5. COLCHESTER—JULY 30 .0 f At this corn exchange to-day there was a goo d 81 10- ,„ wheat, which sold slowly at is per qr below former rat' Spring corn unchanged, with a small supply. 34 3 Wheat, white ..46s 52s Beans, Mazagan.. 33s :3Ss red ..43s 49s middle & small. .385 Barley —s —s Peas, white ...... 359 :3.5S Oats . 20s 25s grey ......13 68 GLOUCESTER—JULY 30. There was a fair attendance of farmers at market witn a liberal supply of English wheat, which was i°eitcd at the prices of last week. Foreign wheat in v ery law demand, with no alteration in value. Sprint; corn but a small business. NORTHAMPTON—JtaN 30. A fair show of wheat to-day, ' and a decline of ls Per (clr took place. Not much barley showing a nd with a s te . 3 demand, last week's rates were realised. Oats very fo ra : A fair business doing in beans at rates in favou r of sellers: —Whit wheat, 4 9 s to 46s ; new red, 41,s to 45g , old. 40s o to 45s per n qr. ew, Barley, new malting,34s to grinding, 26s to 32s per qr. Oats, 19s to 30 s Beans, 35s to 38s. Peas, 35s to 378 per qr. pet' ;24 stone. CHELMSFORD—JULY 29. ma rket We had a larger show of wheat on offer a t " r cline to-day, but the trade was dull at about Is per clr & lice, on last week's quotations. Spring corn firm at late pr , but not much doing. :3s Wheat, old white 30s 46s 1 Peas, Partridge .... 309 ,-;,„ new 43s 47s White 30s 0 " old red....34s 37s Boiling .. 38 s 42s new 36s 40s Dun .. 31 8 56 --s Barley 25s 338 Ditto new Chevalier 26s 3Gs Beans, Tick, old ..34s 36S Grinding 20s 28s new..—s ---1 Malt.... Chevalier • ..... ,61s 68s new..—S -4 1 Oats 20s 26s Mazagan .......28s 333 KIRKCALDY GRAIN—JrLY 30. We had large supplies of wheat and oats at market, but only one sample of barley. Sales slow. Prices for oats 6d and wheat Is down. Prices were about the sous I' S last week for barley. Wheat. First....37s Od Second ..3zs Od Third....4os Od Barley. Oats. —s Od lbs Od —s Od 19s Od —s Od 20s Ga COAL M Prloes of Coal per 'Lou at JtKET. tile close 01 the mit"' 0 . e• s. d. Buddle'sWest Hartley 17 9 Hastings Hartley ....17 9 Holywell Eden Main Cowper' Hartley 17 9 Walls End. 0 Haswell ........... I' s ' 9 Hartlepool ......... " 9 East Hartlepool ...... Is 0 Kelloe.. ..... .... " 1 8 0 South Kelloe ........... 1 8 0 Walls End. Heugh ........ 17 6 Braddyll's Hetton 18 0 KeiperGrange ........ 19 0 Tunstall Harton 17 0 South Hetton ....."•' Ships at market, 41; sold. 35. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. c • lg Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton. ...... AA g' , ' I .z. via Marseilles ......... Au 4. Ara'zil and Cape Verde, by British packet. ....... Aug* ~19. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena.. A u g' 2, China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton.Aug' -.— via Marseilles ..Aug' Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton .................. Aug' 2. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via S ou th am pton.. Aug' 2 via Marseilles.... Aug'' 10, India (Bombay), via Southampton ............ Aug 4. Ag' via Marseilles ........ 4. Portugal.... Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southa . n . aP;On ............ j A ;I : n via Marseilles ........ A u Newfoundland : .. .3 . . Oporto and Vigo .............. . U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.... Aug ' by U.S. packet.. • • 5 , by Canadian packet. Aug. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Pcru, J "tug. 13 ' California. and British C01umbia............ [ADvEßnsEmENT.]—Holloway's Ointment and Pills' Hearty and Healthy.—The experience of thousa nds, bo at home and abroad, has amply demonstrated th e Pr : possessed by these healing and purffying remedies °- -e ; r . moving cutaneous eruptions, repairing ulcerations, and fistulas and abscesses. These hidden evils fre- ce of quently rob life of every comfort through t he reluctan the sufferer to expose his infirmity. Holloway's Ointment supersedes such dreaded publicity by placing w ithin th e reach of all plain instructions for curing themselves with out any danger, and w ithout the necessity of mentioning their malady to any o ne. The Ointment and Pills will likewise cure those b lemishes which arise from the use of other deleterious drugs. _.----- Births. BUSIIIIY. — On the 31st ult., at 40 , Chester-square) La" Frances Bushby, of a son. BUTT. —On the 30th ult., at Upton-park, slough, the wi fe of Colonel Butt, 79th Highlanders, of a daughter. TREMAYNE.—On the 31st ult., at 48, Baton-square, t"' Hon. Mrs. Tremayne, of a daughter. the WRAY.On the 31st July, at 2, Queen's-gate-Pece, wife of Major Wray, of a son. Marriages. BOYE—B M AUCLEEK.—On the lst inst., at Saint a o f Knightsbridge, the Hey. Frederick Boyd, second Soll ly the late Sir John Boy d, Bart., to Katharine Mary, su °l:l,i child of Henry Wm . B eauclerk, Es q ., and the late li Katharine Francis Bcauclerk. LEWIS—D UR ANT. —On the 30th to 1. ,at Trinity ChtChurchPaddington, Uonnuandor T. E. Lewis, ( 3r la t o Elizabeth, only daughter of the late M a j or -o'll Durant. I`v Deaths. , f p r of B RU CE.—On the 30th ult , at D o ver, Ada, daug" - Capt. T. C. Bruce, R.N. . COLES.—On the 30th ult., at Kentish-town, 11. J. C°lefli Esq., aged SG. gr. CLARKE.—On the 29th u lt , at St. Leonard's-on -Se a ' A ' Warwick John Clarke:of King-street, Covent -gar-e HE ag ic e p ci n 3 n 3 s . oN.—On the 27th ult., at South Lieut. aru ptoo, --- II d o o r n, s To jo uL.— G O , n ii t u h u e st 2 o 7 u t n h , ult., at o t l h a e s A. Henderson, R.N. ~ SOLTAU.—On the 30th lt PI th W. x' - u ~ at yinou , E. aged 51. rolt' WHITE.—On the 31st ult., at 101. Gloucester -place, man-square, John Charles White, Esq., og o d ' - ' 9. _....------.'" ..-, g o ltaut Milton Ilotel, Low 7strnan 112, : INo. S trand, ,at TUE SUN U oinC e 1 the Precinct Printer ot the 3avoy, u the Coal" - 411401*.:5.-7Tueeduy, August 2, 180.