The Sun. — London, England, 1863-10-14 00:00:00

......----- ---- STAMP Y OUR PAPER, ENVELOPES. INVC4ICES. &c., with JONES'S PATEN-7! PERCUSSION EMBOSSING PRESS. The above we ,uld be found useful to youths at school for embossing they r Books, Drawings, Papers, &c. The Press complete, wit t , Plain Crest, Name, or Business Die, Note the Al dress : —AV 11. LIAM JONES, Die Sinker, Press Maker, and Et obosser, 3, Queen's -court, High Holborn (op posite Day and Martin's). ------------------------._ OVAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT -GARDEN. Under the Manazement of Miss Louisa Pyne and Mr. W. Harrison. TH IS EVENING, Wallace's Romantic Opera, THE DESERT EL,OWER : Miss Louisa Pyne, Miss Susan Pyne ; Messrs. w. II- Weiss, H. Corri. A. Cook, and W. Harrison. Conductor, Mr. A- Mellon.—Doors open at half-past Seven. commence at Eight. a WIT EATR.E ROYAL DRURY- LANE, Mnag,erg., Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. , r ills EVENTING, GONE TO TEXAS. Mr. Walter Lacy and Miss Murray. After which. Lord Byron's Choral Tragedy, MANFRET). Vessrs. r helps, Ryder. Rayner, M-agreson, ware, Si encer ; mis 4 Heath, Miss s'. Atkinson, Miss Leclercq, and Mrs. E. Falconer. Vocalists—Miss Poole, Miss Litter, Miss Cicely Notr, Miss Heywood, and Mr. Swift. - - To conclude with THE DEAL BOATMAN : Messrs. G. Beimore, F. Charles; Miss R. Leclereq, and Mrs. Edmund Falconer. pRINCESS'S THKATRK.—Grear i.icces4 of HERRMANN. PRESTIDIGITATEUR. HERR. II f4:RRMANN has the honour to announce that, in conse quence Of the great success and flattering recept on he has /net with, he will continue his Performances, EVERY EVENING. until further notice. Commencing at Eight. THEATRE ROYAL HAY NI A RKET.— Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr, Buckstone. THIS EVENING, THE RIVALS : Mr. Chlppendale, Mr. Buckstone, Mr. Howe, Mr. Rogers, Mr.W. Farre n, Mr. cltrs, Mr. Braid ; Mesdames Snowdon, L. Angel , E. Fitzwilliam, Terry, ,te. After which. THE BENGAL TIGER : Mr. Alfred Wigan Mrs. Alfred Wigan, &C. And MY HUSBAND'S GHOST. Commence NEW THE ATRE-RO V AL, ADELP HI.- Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. S. Webster. THIS EVENING, at 7, THE TRAGEDY QUEEN: Mrs. Stirling.At 8, the New Drama of LEAH : Miss Bateman, supported by Messrs. Arthur Stirling, R. Phillips, Billing - ton, Stuart, A. Wood, Ebarne, Miss H. Simms and Mrs. Billington. To conclude Nci r h CATCHING AN HEIRESS : Miss Woolgar and Mr. A. Wood. B , A it i t - i s 8 . — RA T T h E e m e A e N I e b l r a t i annger first appe d SS B Nt u ALeri canNA.ctrerf:Es ear srce in the New Drama of LEAK oh: tain h ed the moat triumphan' and enthusiastic succeffi that has been vvi•nessed for many years, and the profound impression created by her impersonation of the character of LEAH upon a c• owded audience havinz been completely ratified by the unanimous verdict and critical approval of the entire Daily Press, the Manager of the NEW ADELPHI THEATRE has the honour to announce that Miss BAT EMAN will appear in the New D rama of LEAK EVERY EVENING till further notice. OYAL STRAND THEATRE. Manager, Mr. W. H. Swanborough. THIS EVENP,IG, MIR f AM's CRIME. Messrs. Honey, rarselle, Belford, Turner, Miss K.Saville, and Miss Manders. Followed by THE MOTTO, " PM ALL THERE." Messrs. Honey, Turner, E. Danvers, Collier, Mesdames Ada Swan borough, F. Hughes, Weston, Thorne, Wallace, and Jenny White. To conclude with WHERE'S YOUR WIFE. Mr. Belford. Commence at 7. j HE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," IL Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, can be had Every Evening of G. R. GLIsNIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 2h. 47m.—Afternoon, 3h. 3m. To-moßßow.-Morning, 3h. 21m.—Afternoon, 3h. 40m. The Weather—Sun Office, Oct. 14, 1863. THERMOMETER. This day at Two o'clock Barometer-29.5 4 . Wind—South-Fast; moderate, end fine. .4,s* ,c 3 ) SUM • LONDON, WEDNESDAY, OCT. 14, 1863. In some respects the French Minister of State who expired at nine o'clock yesterday morning was the one least of all, we should imagine, to be spared we will not say from the councils of the EMPEROR, but, at any rate, from the Imperial Legiehture. And, this, for the very appreciable reason that M. BILLAULT was perhaps the readiest and the most brilliant debater in the French Chambers. As a debater he was, amongst his countrymen, far and away, the first and foremost. In some respects, indeed, he was in that character altogether unrivalled. Upon the side of the Govern ment, there was no one at all to be compared to him. For promptitude, tact, precision, and volubility in reply, he was without a competitor. That, above all things, was the value attaching to M. BILLAULT'S presence in the ranks of the Government. As the Parliamentary mouth piece of the EMPEROR he was, in a manner, we might say, invaluable. With M. BILLAULT there, in the Chambers, ever upon the alert, vigilant, watchful, listening, ready, upon an instant's warn ing, to rise and speak—always, in the mere man ner of his oratory, speaking to the delight of hie audience—the Imperial Government were never to be taken by surprise, even at the most abrupt and unlooked for onslaught from the most ad venturous assailant upon the side of the Opposition. Sever paratus was, in this way, M. BILLAULT'S motto as a Statesman. He was always found to be armed, no m a tt er h ow su dd en th e summons call i ng hint into the political lists. As affording evi dence of his skill as a debater, his:speeches were in variably remarkable. Occasionally they rose to the dignity of masterpieces of oratory. It was thus with r e . a emu to M. BILLAULT during the later years of his career as a Parliamentary orator. He was an Athlete of the Tribune. Therein lay his capacity., In that on e i ne gift was comp r i se d th e secret of his s access. k is success must certainly b e alloweel to have b een very nota b le. Aided solely by his a bili t i es, he roes S teadily from obseu ritY to a position of influenc e , and at last of p ower .—and this, too, in spite of amfusion of th e grand and the turmoil and ll: t i nomentou s political movements agitating, fro time, the masses of hi s fellow countrymen, Movements, Movements, these, upon three great o • CCIIBIOIIB---j o the Revolution of July, in the Revolut;on of February, and in the coup (fetal of D ecember subverting the whole structure of the Government. winning his way th us , as it were, Yet, though over ground hot with volcanic fires, and heav ing. with repeated political earthquakes, m eGtia , rt ADOLPHE MARIE BILLAULT ever preserved hie equilibrium, so to speak, always walked erect, hie honaur unbowed, his name untarnished. Born at Vannes on the 12th of November, 1805, he had at the period of his demise, yesterday, all but com pleted his 58th year. Entering, life at an early Period as a barrister, in 1830 he bad become a Town C ouncillor at Nantes, and in 1834 a member of the Council G enera l o f t h e department. As a pam phleteer, or publicist, he obtained some distinc tion about this period by a succession of brochures upon Commun a l Organisation, upon Public Roe d 3, upon Education, and other kindred themes of vital importance to the well-being of the public at l arge. In 1837 he first entered the Chamber of Deputies, as the representative of the Electoral Colleg e of worthy of note that h A e n_ t e , e L h e n r k his s ea t f or th at p l ace , eis. And it especially by his own selecti on. ;constituencies return ing him at th a t timelsere Paimbeeaf—Ancenis. ch ose to Nantes— to sit for Ancenis : but the fact of his havin g th e choic e to make b e tween the three, m a y b e taken a tt es tation of the popul ar i ty he ae a Suffi c i en t had quired. Almost immediately after hi s entrance alread y ac the Chamber of Deputies , he took a into high Pos i t i on there as a recognised authority upon particular ques tions, such as Public Works and Commerce gene rally. The year after his entrance into the Legis lature be was named not only member, but secret ary also, of the great CJaunission on Railways formed in that year of grace 1838. Two years later, that is, in 1840, he became Under-Secretary 1.91 c SON, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 14, 1863. of State for Commerce and Agriculture, M. ADOLPHE TRIERS being at that time Prime Minister. Subsequently he was among the most formidable of the opponents of the Govern ment conducted by M. GUIZOT. Although elected for one of the arrondissements of Paris in 1846, he still remained faithful to his old constituency of Ancenis. Instead of finding the political convulsion of 1848 any impediment to his progrese, he found it only a fresh starting point. Immediately after the revolution he was elected representative as one of the mcmbers for the Loire Inferieure, Directly after the coup &eta he was chosen (1851-1852) deputy for St. Girons, and was at once appointed President of the Corps Legislatif. He became Mi nister of the Interior far the first time in July, 1854, in succession to the now Due de PERSIGNY. He was named Senator on the 4th of December fol lowing. Relieved of his portfolio in 1858 by General EsrixAssE, he in 1861 resumed that po sition as Minister of the Interior, which he held thenceforth, up to the date of his death, yesterday, without portfolio. And so, in harness, has just now passed away from life AUGUSTE BILLAULT, one of the most eminent and one of the most honourable among the modern statesmen of France. Lord NEAVES'S Address on Punishment and Reformation may suggest some valuable ideas to the minds of those who have been much perplexed in their endeavours to arrive at a satisfactory solu tion of this vexed question. It would be well, indeed, if the principle here laid down regarding the object of punishment and its ultimate benefit, and espe cially as concerns convict discipline, were more fully understood sand more efficiently carried out by our lawgivers. In reviewing the recent disclosures which hive been made respecting the arrangements of the interior of prisons, we may well ask—Where was the penal nature of the servitude to which the offenders had been condemned ? With every com fort provided for them, with luxuries even supplied in some cases, with allowances made for imaginary cases of illness as well as serious indisposition, where is the discipline which should deter the criminal from the after-commission of like offences, and make him dread re-entering the wal:s of the prison P Where, above all, is the example to pre vent others from following the same road, and of keeping back the incipient imitators of the finished knave and practised ruffian ? Truly did Lord NEAVES remark that punishment should never be made pleasant, and it should not "infer such a condition of things as an innocent labouring man would wish to exchange for his own lot." We know full well that this deplorable and lamentable state of things has come to pass, and therefore it is incumbent on all who have to do with the regula tion of such affairs to pay particular heed to the discoveries which are made from time to time on the subject by those who have given their attention and interest to the contemplation of its deficiencies and the plans for its amelioration. The Irish system has worked well, and its success should be an incentive to our legislators to make a trial of its adoption in England. Many prejudices are sure to start up aeainst it, and divers interests will attempt to arrest its progress, but that should not be suffi cient to stop the introduction of a plan which is conducive to the benefit of many, and which may Affect the moral qualities of generations yet to come. It is a serious thing for the present, and a sad one for the future, that crime should be rampant among us, if not exactly "high placed in hall, a welcome guest," at all events a privileged intruder, and an uninterrupted visitant in many quarters. Vice is most contagious in its effects, and its spread is most rapid. It should be checked in its career, stifled at its outset, and, so far as it is passible, xtinguished before it has greatly increased its votaries. "To carry off as early as possible hose who are becoming professional thieves, and teal with them before they are confirmed in their habits," would be a very good plan if at all practic able, and it might surely be rendered so with a little care and consideration. Long periods of penal rer vitude, with the arrangements for conditional remis sion to be earned by industrious habits, would be a decided check to the machinations of those crafty manouvres, who contrive to spend a very brief time in gaol and to do very little when there, and so to return speedily to the scene of their former devices. The next proposal is perhaps the most important of all, to " make confinement while it lasts a state of privation and hardship so far as sanitary consi derations will allow." This rigorously carried out would in itself be almost a cure for many of the ills most to be deplored at present. There can be no valid reason adduced for men guilty of great crimes to be carefully tended and luxuriously ac commodated, whilst innocent individuals may be tyrannised over in workhouses and exposed to great neglect in many cases, and while virtuous members of society are left to starve, and see their families perish from privation. It is high time that this social anomaly was put an end to, and great credit is due to those peers and gentlemen who have come forward this year, and so zealously ad vocated the cause of reform in this de partment, where it is so much needed. Lord NEATES' concluding observations are also de serving of attention. There is good ground for the advancement of the plea he urges, that the poor man oecasionally wants amusement. It would ba a great point gained if, as is sug gested in this address, more provision were made for the entertainment of the humbler classes, in a rational, and yet a recreative form. "A good laugh periodically administered would save a great quan tity of alcohol, while it would excite those very sympathetic feelings which are wanted for regulat ing our moral system, and knitting together the different classes of society." There could be no harm done at all events by the attempt to obtain amus ement for th ose w h o greatly need it, and if i t is not afforded t o t h em i n a desirable form, it is cer tain that they wi ll that .et 'u e strtheetch proceedwork, and tosomer The very m en who em ployment of another class. will t urn , out tne ringleaders of mischief, and prove the --waives are the very ones who vett adepts in cunning, 1 -. not b e by the cold precepts of a kept in bounds —llty and of usefulness. Any kind of s and the hard routine sena . ent that affords the necessary relaxation, and furnishes th tive excitement without t end i ng to evil, e impera tivemust be considered as a desideratum, and those who advo. cate the adoption of this genial procedure, are the real benefactors of their kind, and a.• e entitled to the thanks of the community whose interests they further. Lectures and lecturers are among the n ew fect _ tures of our age. They are not, of course, to be classed with recent inventions or modern disco veries, having been known in one form or another during a good many centuries. Their present ap plication and extent is, however, decidedly a thing of the time. We have lectures on science, in tended to popularise abstruse knowledge; we have lectures on art and literature, designed merely to beguile The time of the audience and to display the talent ' of the speaker; occasional addresses by qualifi e d the ordinary professors on subjects not included in ary routia v i ns t ruct i on, ore Incoming very frequent in our schools ; while every me• chanics' institute, temperance hall, and place of public assembly, is the scene of periodical dis courses on matters theological, social, political, scientific, and general. There are doubtless a good many advantages in this form of enunciat ing views or imparting instruction. Men will listen to a speaker when they will not read a book ; their attention will be attracted by the animated voice and the expressive gesture, when their interest would flag over so many pages of closely-printed type. It is a fact of common note, that the worst and poorest speech seems infinitely better heard than read; and it is easier to enlarge upon a topic, to explain away d fficulties, and to make things clear to an uncultivated understand ing, through the medium of the voice than of the pen. Some of these refilctions were probably made by Mr. ROEBUCK before he delivered his address at the Working Men's Institution at Swanage. The object of the meeting was the inauguration of a series of lectures ; and certainly, if the lecturer succeeds in conveying a tithe of the instruction which, according to Mr. ROEBUCK, can be best com municated in that form, he will be a fortunate man. The member for Sheffield goes far beyond the rudi mentary department of education in his anticipa tions. The capacities of the English working men are, in his estimation, beyond these. A labour ing man may have an intellect to appreciate the higher walks of knowledge, and there is nothing in his life to debar him from the finer emotions, says Mr. ROEBUCK, and accordingly the opportu nity for receiving such instruction should be afforded him. But from the mental requisitions the speaker proceeds to the moral, and in this undertaking there seems to be more doubt. He would have the work ing classes instructed in their duties as fathers, mothers, husbands, wives, and children. Yet, though we may question how far lectures on such subjects would supply the want, there is no doubt that the lower classes stand much in need of a sound and practical instruction on matters of every day domestic life. Furthermore, Mr. ROEBUCK re commends the extension of political knowledge among the masses, in order that they may be able to value rightly the institutions under which they live. To his estimation they do not fully under stand the advantages which they possess, nor the wide field that is open to their energies if they once succeed in qualifying themselves for a better posi tion by improving their minds. That working men are gradually learning the truth thus stated is proved by a good many instances, and when they have once steadily applied themselves to the task of self-education they have certainly given the friends of progress no reason to despair. A striking illustration of the increasing intelligence and cul tivation among our working men was given the other ' night at Edinburgh. The numbers who attended the working men's meeting, held in that city in connection with the Social Science Congress, were nearly 4,000. Such an assembly proved, in unmis takeable form, the deep and general interest taken by our artisans in the discussion of those social questions which, at the present day, occupy t o wide a range. The same meet i ng, too, s h owe d another gratifying featur e o f our present con dition, for, although it was b u t a meet i ng for work i ng men, and other and more l earne d assem bli es were c laiming their attention, som e o f t h e most consp i cu ous orna mentsdisdain of the great s oc i a l gat h er i ng did no t to be present. Th ere were the leaders o f s cientific knowledge in Si r D AVID BREWSTER an d D r . PLAY FAIR; there was f ore i gn eloquence an d a bility per sonated in M. PAGES; and royalty itself found a fitting representativ e in our popular sailor Prince. There, too, was the venerable President, whose career is amon g our English boasts, fled whose eloquence and learning had delighted the large audience assembled at the opening of the cong ress. Yet of ail his titles to regard, the one most fitting to claim the sympathies of the ar tisans of Edinburgh, and th e one b y w hi c h h e himselt chose to a dd ress them, was that of fellow - w orkmen. Such an example, though not of course to be strictly copied by any of those there assembled, yet capable of imit a ti on i n energy, perseverance, an d undaunted more impres. efforts f or t h e general good, pointed a sive m ora l t h an the most argumentat i ve l ec ture o r the most impassioned address. The noble lord re minded his audience of the fact, recently discovered, and a fact especially interesting and g ratifying to them, that a sc h o l ar o f ten l earnt more in six hours than in twelve—a fact which is most reassuring to those who are only able to devote detached and tut• certain hours to study, since it proves that close and consecutive application is by no means indispensable to the student if his heart be in the work. The address of.M. QARNIER PAGES helped to prove to the me n th at diff erence of nat i on nee d not neces sarily interfere with community of interest and in telligence. All these efforts, made in so many various direction s , b u t a ll t en di n g to the same end, must serve to c onv i nce th e wor ki n g men that there is no l onger t h e w i sh to keep them down, to b ar them f rom the h i gher world of inte ll ec t a nd k now . l edge, but, on the co nt rar y, there exists a kindly readiness t o l en d t h em a h e l p i ng hand, and t o lessen, as far as may be, the difficulties in their road. „ MR. BOLTON CORNEY has printed, for private circulation, a critical disquisition on the Sonnets of 8 hakspeare. Mr. Corney accepts, of course, M. Philarke Chasles's interpretation of the dedicatory inscription; and arrives at a quadruple conclusion with regard to the sonnets themselves —That they written soon after 1594; in fulfil ment of a promise made to Lord Southampton ; that they are poetical exercises, void of personal history; and that they were published without the sanction of the author or of his patrons.—..ePhenceum. R. MAPLESON'S OPERA COMPANY, with the important substitution of Mr. Sims Reeves for Signor Giuglini, and Signor Bossi in M. Gassier's place, has been giving "Faust” in Dublin, with a success unequalled by any termer experiment of the kind in the Irish capital. LORD LYNDIIIIRST'S ORATORY, the limes well describes as more than usually adapted to the as sembly in which it was principally displayed. It was chaste and dignified ; it might almost be termed cold, so correctly elegant was the structure of its sentences and so free was it from raataphor, exaggeration, and ornament. I Such was the accuracy- and coticinnity of expression, you might have printed it as it came from his lips, and you could scarcely have improved it. In the statement of a case, therefore, it has probably never been surpassed. It was, nevertheless, eloquence, for it was high , reaching and sustained; but it was lucid rather than bril liant, and, though searching, it was not electrical. It was the eloquence rather of a great pleader than of a great orator who carries away violently the sympathies of his audience ; and, inasmuch as it was better adapted than Lord Brougham's for the House of Lords, it was less adapted and it proved less successful in the House of Commons. But in the Upper Assembly, through the medium of a marvellous voice and an articula tion which was distinct and melodious without appearance of effort, a spell was cast which will long be remembered, and the precise equivalent of which may never be heard again. It is singular, indeed, that his greatest efforts in that assembly, his famous:§sessional reviews, at first, fell coldly on his fastidious audience. The idea of his first summary, suggested to him by Mr. Disraeli, then acting in amateu r as hi s pr i vate secretary, was seized upon by his ke en percepti on as t h e r i ght thing at the right moment. It in the in t thewa country, s, in fact, th e fi rst b ody blow, and was electrical though it wa s n o t i n the first instance so effecti r© that unrivalled was i h ud ou g s m e ent l u ‘ ' h h i i s chn never one st o u f m m bl a e n 2 * which clearly at proofsa crisis,of prudent venture. ystapkerecdeived both its own object and its means, and which itsN gage boldly in the confidence of a resolute and courage: inclined to conciliate, man under heaven could be more , u f s , , ) yet none could be more thoroughly and was incapable of rancour, In a sweet and even temper, others, ho resembled Lord Pal In this respect, as in many office with his oldest enemy pathy. For, with a fearless spirit , u h t a semblance of anti position—flexiblehi to an extent Whiche Wasi flexible in dis ,°uatnd to the end of that life man sawsw h who principles, almost unprece tidteliaed life held sub lliyn a the was scusitiYe and sylicit943 for bin horlour, LATEST INTELLIGENCE. [REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.] AMERICA. QUEENSTOWN, OCT. 14. The Inman steamer, City of Washington, from New York on the 3d inst., arrived here at 7 a.m. She brings 152 passengers, and 547,080 dollars in specie. She landed passengers and mails, and pro ceeded at 7.30 a.m. 11.,............. (Per the City of "Washington —by Telegraph to Cape Race.) NEW YORK, OCT. 5 (Evening). Southern Charleston advices to the 2d inst. state that the Federal movements indicate permanent more than immediate operations. The report that Hooker had reinforced Rosen cranz with two corps from Meade's army is con firmed. The Confederates have attacked 111‘111eniville, 70 miles south-west of Nashville; the result is un known. The Southern papers discredit the rumour that Rosencranz's communication s have been interrupted . Both armies are strengthening their position al Chattanooga. The capture of the ship Sir R. William Pool was erroneously reported. The commander of the Federal vessel, Seminole, asserts that he captured her in American waters. The steamer Herald bas been captured. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. Money easy; Gold 441 per cent, premium; Ex chant) on London 150; Stocks improving; New York Centrals 1341; Illinois 128; Erie 108; Six per United States Bonds 107; Cotton firm and advancing; Middling Upland 86. NEW YORK, OCT. 3 (Morning). No news has been received from Charleston since the 26th ult. Southern journals state that Bragg would have followed up his victory of the 21st ult., but could not move until supplies came up. The New York Tribune denies that there will be any further draft. It is not known what answer President Lincoln will give t o th e Missouri delegat i on, who demand Gen. Butl er ' s appointment an d a ra di cal abolition policy in Missouri. The New York Times urges the President to pay no attention to their demands. The delegation was received in New York by the German republican club, and its policy endorsed. The New York Harbour Committee report the harbour to bo in a perfect state of defence. Vessels passing Sandy Hook would be exposed to the fire of 800 guns of the heaviest calibre. The public civilities to the Russians continue. They are invited to visit Baltimore. The Boston District Court has restored the ship Banshee. The steamers Phantom and Arabian have been destroyed off Wilmington. It is reported that the steamers Advance and Elizabeth have been captured. Ad v i ces f rom N assa u to the 26th r e p or t that seven st eamers f rom Wilmington and three from Charleston had arrived lately. One of the latter left Charleston eleven days after the surren der of Forts Wagner and Gregg, proving that the port is not closed. San Domingo continues in a disturbed condition. Santiago de Caballeros lied been burnt. Advices from Belize state that the President of Guatemala, aided by Nicaraguans, had invaded and captured Comayaque and Tegucigalpa, in Honduras, committing atrocities, and banishing the British consul from Spanish Honduras. The British con eul Truxillo had sent for assistance. The iron-clad Merrimac, No. 2, is in a complete state of preparation for offensive operations, and is ying at Jones' Bluff, awaiting the completion of her consort, the Lady Davis, which has already received her iron plating, in order that the two vessels may proceed to Fortress Monroe together, to attack the Federal fleet stationed in Hampton Roads. (By Telegraph to Cape Race.) NEW YORK, OCT, 6, Afternoon. Considerable skirmishing is taking place in General Rosencranz's rear, the Confederates en deavouring to interrupt the communications be tween Nashville and Chattanooga. A large number of troops have reached Rosen cranz, who has established lines in front of Chattanooga. General Bragg is fortifying Missionary Ridge. The Southern journals contain reports that the Confederates occupy Knoxville, and that General Burnside is retiring to Cumberland Gap. Money easy. Gold, 47 premium. Exchange quiet and unaltered. State as well as to the Emperor, whom he served with equal devotedness, talent, and eloquence." The following diplomatic appointments have been made :—As French Ambassador to the Court of St. James's, M. de Latour d'Auvergne, who will be re placed at Rome by M. de Sartiges. Baron de Malaret will fill the place of the latter at Turin. The Marquis Ferriere de Levayer will go as Am bassador to Brussels, M. Reiset to Hanover, and the Marquis d'Astorme to Nassau. The Emperor has addressed the following letter to Baron Gros :—" At a time when you intended to retire from public service, your devotion induced you to accept the office of Ambassador at London. You have thus acquired fresh rights to my good will. Circumstances now permit 1115 to relieve you of this post, but before giving you a successor, I wisti to say how glad I have been to crown your long and honourable career by a testimony of my confidence." BOURSE, Oct: 13.—The market has been heavy, and prices show a decline, Threes, for the Account, being now at 67f. 55c. Railway Shares are also dull, and in some cases lower. The market closed as follows : Italian Loan 73 60 Do. end month 73 50 New ditto .. 73 20 Do. end month.... Russian Austrian .. B4 75 Spanish Threes 53 25 Home Debt WAYS. 4t per Cents .. 96 Do. ex d month.... 3 per Cents Do. end month 67 55 Credit Mobilier 1166 25 Do. end month 1166 25 Bank Shares 3340 Credit koneier 1325 - RA IL Cash. A.ecoun t. Orleans Northern .... 986 25 .. 983 75 New ditto Lyons and Meditsrranean 966 25 .. 965 Geneva 498 75 .. Southern Western Eastern Sardinian Austrian t.nrr hard North of Spain Sara;;ossa 615 642 50 Ditto to Barcelona SPAIN. MADRID, OCT. 13. The Budget for 1864 of the Departments of War, Marine, and the Colonies will show an increase of 80 millions of reals. TRANSYLVANIA. HERMANNSTADT, OCT. 13. The Transylvanian Diet having resolved to send deputies to the Reichsrath, has been adjourned. The members separated with cheers for the King of Hungary and the Constitution of the Empire. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, OCT. 13 (Evening). The Ost Deustche Post of this evening calls for a Congress empowered to settle the Polish question. Should such a Congress declare , that Russia had forfeited all right to Poland, Austria might adhere to this decision, and even calmly see the approach of war, as in that case she would only be carrying out the judgment of Europe. The Ost Deutsche Post thinks that a Congress would deliver the Three Powers from the painful position in which they are now placed, of being forced to reserve the expression of their offended dignity during five months of winter, with the prospect of warlike eventualities in the spring. A congress would clear up the situa tion, would determine what resolutions should be taken, and might, in case of success, bring about the averting of war. The Emperor Francis Joseph returned to Vienna this morning. VIENNA, OCt. 9. The Presse of to-day contains the following article upon the reported establishment of a Russian corps of observation upon the frontiers of Galicia:— " A rumour has been current in the papers for some days past that the Russian Government is upo❑ the point of pusting a small army upon the Austrian frontier. Considering the benevolence shown by the Prussian journals when the interna tional relations of Austria are in question, It was natural that they should ascribe the farthest and most momentous scope to this report. Therefore it was at once announced that, in the event of Austria not entirely discontinuing to act with the Western Powers, Russia intended to move an army into Galicia. Now, although nobody for a moment seriously be lieved the version of the Prussian papers, some importance was yet attached to the widely-spread report as a symptom of coolness between Vienna and St. Petersburg. The peg upon which the truth of the statement was made to hang was found in advices received from Warsaw. According to which, the directors of the Warsaw and Vienna Railway had been notified by the Russian Govern ment to hold themselves in readiness to convey 2,000 men along the line daily, for the next ten dßys. Granting, therefore, that a demonstrative assemblage of troops upon the Austrian frontier was intended, 20,000 men would be the force with which, according to the Prussian papers, the Russian Government, would for the present commence to act against Galicia. The absurdity of the thing is so flagrant, that we are really at a loss to conceive how it could be credited for an instant. " Apart from this, however, the first questions that rose to men's lips, upon hearing of an intended military demonstration of Russia against Austria were naturally—What immediate cause of offence has Austria given ? Does the Russian Govern ment intend to make reprisals on account of the as sistance and support which the Polish insurrection has received from Austria ? Is it possible that the Government at St. Petersburg is not acquainted with the i smallest d e t a il s o f t h e co mprehensive measures indefatig a bl y a d opte d b y t h e Austrian au thorities n Galicia to prevent the insurrection in the adjacent country being nourished from that province ? Car, the Russian Government be un acquainted with the domiciliary visits, the arrests, the seizure of arms and ammuni tion, the numerous detentions of insurgent bands upon th e f ron ti er , w hi c h occur a lmost daily in Galicia and C racow ? I n thi s res p ect the Aus trian Government has rather merited the thanks of Russia, and upon this ground it would be impos sible to find an excuse for military demonstration, for there could in no case be question of anything more. On the other hand, what notions must Prussian journalists have of the power of Austria, how mighty must Russia still seem in their eye, if they suppose their readers can believe Austria could be intimidated by the presence of one Russian corps, and be straightway converted to that policy which found resultless expression in the notorious military convention of the Bth of February last' "The rumour which has recently engaged public attention, and called for all sorts of appre hensions, may then well be regarded as pos sessing little foundation in fact. We do not intend to deny that Russian troops have recently arrived at the Austrian frontier of Poland, and that others will probably follow; but should this take place, we believe ourselves in a position to state that not the slightest, apprehension is entertained in Vienna, for the very sufficient reason that Aus- Erie, has herself to a certain extent given cause for such a step. The Austrian Cabinet, as we are in formed, has replied to the repeated complaints of Russia that the insufficient guard kept upon the frontier permitted the entrance of men and wea pons from Galicia, by declaring that every effort was made upon this side to detain such reinforc(- . ments, in accordance with the stipulations of treaties and the requirements of the laws of nations, but that, provided effectual prevention was not achieved, it must leave the Russian Go vernment to accomplish what was required by military occupation of' its own side of the frontier. Russia has not waited to be to ld this twice, and is now apparently making the arrangements recom mended at Vienna. To this has dwindled the much talked about report of the advance of the Russians into GlAlicia, and it seems to us to argue a widely differeut conclusion from the impending outbreak of hostilities between Austria and Russia." THE POLISH INSURRECTION. WARSAW, Oct. 9. The officers of the Imperial Guard have been ordered to perform police functions in the city. Several of them have been detailed to each of the new districts. They will receive an extra allow ance of one rouble daily, and themselves superin tend the domiciliary visits, and the arrests in the streets and houses. It is asserted that Archiaaowicz, late Governor of Kaluga, will be appointed to succeed Marquis Wielopolski as Civil Governor, and that he has already arrived in Warsaw. Sinee the 4th of Occtober all the military police of the city have been provided with muskets, loaded with bail cartridges. It is asserted that the settlement of the difficulty between the Russian Government and Messrs. Evans was brought about by the Prussian Resident Mini ster in 'Warsaw, who, in the interest of M. Ran, a member of the firm. and a Prussian subject, from Darmstadt, recommended General Berg to counter mand the order for the closing of the factory, and the payment of the fine of 15,000 roubles by the proprietors. JAPAN. Commander McDougal, of the Federal steamer Wyoming, under date of Yokohama, Japan, July, 22d, officially reports an engagement between his vessels and the land batteries, and three war ships at Simosak, in the territory of the Prince of igagota. The fire of the Wyoming sunk one, disabled another, and drove off the third of the vessels, after which the Wyoming withdrew, being herself considerably injured in the contest. The Wyoming was struck 11 times, and had four men killed and seven wounded. The attack by the Wyoming was in consequence of an American merchant steamer having been fired upon by vessels of the Prince of Lgota. Similar outrages had been committed upon both British and French ships. The French Admiral Juarez had sailed with his flag-ship and a gunboat, for the purpose of punish ing the offenders. INDIA• (BY TELEGRAPH FROM SUEZ.) BOMBAY, SEPT. 27. Securi- A large speculative inquiry for grey skirtings and t L i e o s n , d 9 o 9 n i 2 ; s 5. O p t e d ; sf, per cents., 117 i. cotton. Opium realise 1,660 rupees. Exchange on n G t o s v ., e i r ce on7mter 4 per cent. The London mail of the 3d Sept., has arrived. CALCUTTA, SEPT. 26. Grey skirtings and mule twist advancing, Th e indigo crop is still estimated at 100,000 maunds, Z Exchange on Lond on , 2s. 00. Governme n t Seca rides, 4 per cents., 100 ; 5 per cents., 108; 5 . 1 per ceuts., 118/. Freight, seeds, 82s. 6d. FRANC E ' MARSEILLES, OCT. 13 (Evening.) General Count de Montebel lo, t he Commander in-Chief of the French army in Rom e , has arrived here. Advices from Rome state that tha Ring of Bavaria had reached that capital. The Roman Annexation Committee continues to publish the Chromca I?omana, the Organ of the party. The Bishop of Piacenza has ordered prayers to be put up for Poland. PARIS, OCT. 14. The Moniteczr of this morning says :—" The death of M. Billault causes a sorrowful emotion through out France. His decease is an immense loss to the LITERATURE. The English at Home. By Alphonse Esquiros. Third Series. One vol., pp. 370. Chapman and Hall. As a delineator of English life and manners, M. Esquiros stands altogether unrivalled amongst his countrymen. He is the exact antithesis of M. Asso lant. The latter, conspicuous among the feuille tonists of his day, for what we may perhaps the most accurately define as the priggish pertness of his vivacity is remarkable for an excessive amount of ignorance that is only surpassed, indeed, by the abounding insolence with which it is paraded. As affording a noble contrast to superficial and ephemeral writers like M. Assolant, et hoc genus omne, commend us at all times to M. Alphonse Esquiros. Without the garrulity, and it is but fair towards our veteran traveller and author that we should add also without the exceeding gift of playful humour for which Sir Francis Head is so remarkable, the author of " The English at Home" is, as a foreign delineator of London and Londoners, what the author of " The Faggot of French Sticks" is, in that capacity, in regard to Paris and the Parisians. He is a generous critic— a man of enlarged sympathies—a careful collector and collator of facts and statistics—a cicerone upon paper, in whose candour and good faith the most implicit trust may be placed. He has lived amongst us here in London, has closely examined our manners and customs, has noted down, in no cap tious or carping mood, our more conspicuous pecus liarities. He has not only observed these peculiarities and meditated on them, but has often analysed them thoroughly, conscientously, and in a truly philoso phical spirit. His sketches of England and the English, or rather, as we have, said of London and the Londoners, have been published originally piece meal in the shape of a correspondence in the Revue des Deux Mondes. Among the gifted band of con tributors to that ablest of all periodical publications upon the European Continent —a periodical taking rank with our own first-class periodicals, whether daily, weekly, monthly, or quarterly, with the limes, Saturday Review, Blackwood, or the Edinburgh—. among the many eminent writers engaged upon the Revue des Deux Mondes, M. Esquiros holds high rank. He is one of the few leading correspondents of a journal whose communications are worthy of thus toeing collected together for separate public& tion. As the witty essays of " Elia" grew up in successive numbers of the old London Maga sine, so bit by bit, letter by letter, these chap ters on " The English at Home" have expanded to three goodly series under the industrious hand of their observant writer, in his character as the Lon don Correspondent of the Revue des Deux Mondes. Already the two earlier series have taken their place upon an accessible shelf in many a well selected library on either side of the Channel—in France as originally penned by M. &quires him self, in England as faithfully translated by Sir Lascelles Wraxall. Of the First and Second Series it were superfluous here to speak. All we have to do with now is, the third series here before us, this very welcome and very readable volume—a volume that will be found by the majority of those Englishmen who may come to look into it, almost as instructive, certainly quite as amusing, as it is sure to prove even among the better educated among travelled Frenchmen. The English at Home, in this third series are scrutinised for the most part by M. Esquiros—out-of-doors. It is true that several chapters are devoted by him to a description of such matters of in-door life as those connected with our banking system, and especially the Bank of England; with our method of coming, a subject conducting the reader successively into the Mint and the Tower of London ; with the labyrinth of our Exchange, involving all kinds of information in regard to stock, funds, bears, bulls, and divi dends; with bank-notes and their manufacture; with bullion (gold and silver), and the subterranean places in which it is stored up—those cellars of the Bank which Punch whimsically suggested the other day must have given rise to the phrase of "a cool thousand !" But in other portions of this third series of "The English at Home," by Alphonse Esquiros, we have such exhilarating themes treated of—as—par e xample—Tallyho! Who-whoop ! Foxhunting, and every imaginable thing relating to that most robustuous and invigorating of all cur national sports. To everything of the slightest interest cal culated to afford a vivid notion of Cricket and Cricketers ! To Pugilism and the Pugilists ! To Pedestrianism and the Pedestrians ! To swimming and rowing, and the glory of regattas ! To our English Railway system—metropolitan, suburban, and provincial M. Esquiros has the charm, as a writer, peculiar only to those who enter thoroughly and completely into an appreciation of the subject matter they happen to be writing about. He has not only the faculty of observing keenly, but of sympathising heartily with what he happens at the moment to be observing. He is in his temperament —though not one atom the less of a patriotic Frenchman —a generous hearted, open-handed, bright-eyed, blithe-voiced cosmopolitan. He comes amongst us here in England not as a cynic but as an appreciator. He seems to be always in good humour with himself and with those around him, no matter whom the latter may chance to be— banking clerks or roughs of the ring, gold diggers or railway porters, wealthy country squires or poor mouldy earth stoppers. All's one to him, whatever the place or whatever the occa sion. Eoglishmen or Frenchmen, it seems hardly to matter which to M. Esquiros—each is to him dispassionately the fellow creature. Whatever his class, creed, or country—no matter what the station to which Providence, or in other words circum stances may have called him, it is another specimen of the genus homo Le has to describe in a different be found garb and under certain new appearances, As agree able and instructive reading as can e English are and any where by an enquiring Frenchman desirous of ob taining a just estimate of what th look like when at home,. may inquiring Frenchman in pagesbef'ou n e d f A b l y . t A h l a p t h s e a n na se e paFes,.as trans nglish them- Esquires. And here, too, in the t s h e e lated by Sir Lascelles Wraxall, amount of infer selves may be sure of finding large stores of amuse. ment, and with that no small mation, while turning over these pictures of themselves, drawn in no un g enial mood, and h with an ever-ready and master -hand by this gifted and generous Frenchman. Life ; its Nature, Varieties, and Phenomena. By Leo H. Grindon, Lecturer on Botany at the Royal School of Medicine, Manchester; Author of " Figurative Language," " Manchester Walks and Wildflowers," &e. One vol., pp. 401. Third Edition. Pitman. The author of this work has made choice of a most momentous theme, and he has treated his im portant subject in a manner so comprehensive, and at the same time so comprehensible, that his book is already in a third edition. We cannot give a better idea of the plan and purpose of his undertak ing than by quoting from his own introductory re marks. "The object of this work," he says, "is twofold— First, it is proposed to give a popular account of the phe nomena which indicate presence of that mysterious, sus taining force, we denominate Life, or Vitality, and of the laws which appear to govern their manifestation ; secondly, will be considered those Spiritual, or Emotional and Intel lectual States,which collectively constitute the essential his tory ofour temporal lives, rendering existence either pleasur able or painful. So extensive an inquiry will involve the con sideration of the most interesting subjects alike of physio logy and psychology. The constitution and functions of the bodies in which we dwell; the delights which attend the exercise of the intellect and the affections ; the glory and loveliness of the works of God,—will all come under notice, and receive their fitting meed of illustration. Especially will the practical value and interest of life be pointed out ; the unity and fine symmetry of the True, the Beautiful, and the Good ; the poetry of "common things," and the intimate dependence of the whole upon Him in whom "we live, and move, and have our being." In this latter portion of his task Mr. Grindon has occasionally clothed his thoughts of high philosophy in most poetic language. His analysis of the moral sentiments, the emotional joys and sufferings of humanity, is singularly felicitous, and will be found, here, very beautifully defined. As an evidence of the practical good sense which distinguishes the majority of his opinions, the following will be seen to comprise within it some very significant ad vice on TILE SECRET OF HAPPINESS. Life is made up of minutes, and its happiness of corre sponding little pleasures : the wise man secures the atoms as they flit past him, and thus becomes owner of the aggre gate. Making every circumstance of life, sensuous, moral, and intellectual, and every day and hour, contribute a little something, be finds that though a brilliant and memorable pleasure may come but twice or thrice, the secret of a happy life is nevertheless his own. That fine secret is not so much to lay plans for acquiring happy days, as to pluck our enjoyment on the spot; in other words, to spend that time in being happy which so many lose in deli berating and scheming how to become Ell. To accomplish this, we have only, as said before, to make the most of each little incident and opportunity, contemning and repudiating nothing; always remembering, however, that the way to make such incidents and opportunities most prolific of enjoyment, is to humanise them that they shall flower into thoughts of heaven. Wilfully to let opportuni ties go by, is a wickedness and an inexcusable folly ; whence the still more foolish regrets which tear the heart that has been so unjust to itself—for folly is only another name for thorn and prickle seed ;--but a greater folly yet, is to stand waiting and wishing for opportunities, when in fact they circle us, if we will but keep on the qui vine. As the best school in respect of high duties is the practice of the little ones of common life, so the best and shortest road to happi ness and true philosophy is to make the most of what lies beside us, and enjoy all we can of the life we have, leaving it to God to determine what fortune shall attend our steps. Dominus providebit. If we trusted more in his spontaneous generosity, we should less often be disconcerted by the failure of our own preparations, and should find that the Divine intent is that life shall be felicitous, The same did we ask ourselves more frequently what we have, rather than brood .so ungratefully upon what we have not. Though we may be poor and afflicted in comparison with some, in contrast with others we are opulent and blest. Life has a prize for every one who will open his heart to receive it, though it may be a very different one from the spirit of his early dreams. "There is no greater mistake," says a thoughtful writer, "in con templating the issues of life, than to suppose that baffled endeavours and disappointed hopes bear no fruits, because they do not bear those particular fruits which were sought and sighed for. " The tree Sucks kindlier nurture from a soil enrich'd By its own fallen leaves ; and man is made In heart and spirit, from deciduous hopes, And things that seem to perish."— HENRY TAYLOR, " Notes from Life." The disproportion in men's inheritances is far less than we are prone to think. If one hand of the universal Giver be closed, the other is expanded—no one is left without his meed of compensation—only in our weakness and unthank fulness we look more at the darker side of our own lot, and at what appears to us the brighter side of our neighbour's. Epictetus explains the mystery in part : " it is not Fortune that is blind, but ourselves." Whatever be our lot, if man will but just concede that that must be best for him which the Best of Beings has ordained, life thenceforward has a solace which no fortune can wrest away. The opening passage of the summary, which con eludes the work, is well worthy of attentive con sideration. If there be any coherence and validity in the reasonings contained in the foregoing pages, the conclusion must needs be, that everything of which human intelligence is cogni sant, whether animate or inanimate, material or spiritual, depends on the personal support of the Creator, and that Life is One and Omnipresent; in other words, that God is the supra natural ground of all phenomena, whether physical, physiological, or intellectual; and that all beginnings and endings are displays of his divine life in operation ; —life which, flowing continuously into his creation, never begins or ends, but always is. "Natural laws" there are, plentiful and amazing, through which his divine wills are effectuated, but God is the great mover and upholder of these laws; there are no laws independently of Him, and all things are sustained by law. He who said "I bring a cloud over the earth," teaches us thereby that he is the direct and personal agent in all natural pheno mena, however slight and apparently casual they may be, no less than in all spiritual phenomena. " Even the blind heathen named their supreme deity cloud-driving Jupiter :" and shall not we, thus taught by God himself; still more explicitly and reverently own the living Jehovah, the God in whom we live, and move, and have our being, as the Creator of every cloud that flings its shadow over earth ? We own him in the uproar of the tempest ; let us own him in the stillness of the calm. We own him in the huge billow; let us own him in the ripple that sinks quietly to rest upon the strand. We own him in the whirlwind ; let us own him in the placid breeze of even ing." It is no trifling source of mere pleasure thus to re cognise the Creator in the ordinary occurrences of the world. It sweetens every moment of our time ; unites• us delightfully to the beauties of nature ; and associates us with its varied objects as with so many friends and compa nions. While such are the conclusions to which his scien tific investigations conduct him, we cannot wonder at the success of Mr. Grindon's book. We cannot say that we agree with all his opinions, or that we consider all his theories to be correct. In a work embracing a plan so gigantic in its scope, and touching upon themes so deep and so important, some differences of opinion between writer and reader are inevitable. In the opening chapters upon Life the almost omnipresence of vitality is made clear to us in a most amazing manner. Life, " mystic life," that " beam Of God's great glory shot through carnal things," appears, according to the researches of this author, to animate " every atom of the con stituent matter of our globe." The theory may startle some, but the very comprehensive and interesting manner in which Mr. Grindon has en forced it, is worthy of the attentive consideration of the ordinarily unthinking, while to those who de light in the exercise of their intellectual powers these very thoughtful and beautifully written re flections will be a welcome boon, and the source long afterwards,assured, we may rest of ma n y fruitful meditations and p leasant memories. The Bev. Alfred Hoblush and his Coracles. A Memoir. By the author of " Roman Candles," The Night Mail," &c. Maxwell. The hand of the divine Raphael has bequeathed to us the best portrait of that great master, and to the hand of the Rev. Alfred Hoblush we are indebted for a faithful likeness of that deeply in teresting individual. Behold him ! THE RET. ALPRED HOBLITSH. I am tall and slender, very gentle of aspect, and look out at Nature very mildly—through glasses. My hair is long, and usually saturated with unguents, and turns up sponta neously at the back in a sort of frill. My garment is long and monkish, shining like satan ; and my umbrella is car ried full a yard in front of my person, being poised daintily between two fingers, as though it were a hot rod. In this guise I go my peaceful, inoffensive round, a-curing of souls : the Reverend Alfred Hoblush, at your service. This is the pure shell, the earthy, out-speaking portion of him. But for that which passeth show, the spiritual, indestructible half of the man, a hint or so may be dropped. I have a quiet, gentle soul, in truth but ill-calculated for contact with the furze and briars of a wicked world. The gentle soul flies in upon itself at anything like a jar ; a start or shock—at anything like a rough joke, or wnat is called quizzing—flies home fluttering ,trembling, and, so to speak, in blushes. A burst of ill -regulated female merriment has been known to rout utterly the little trifler. From the loud laugh that speaks the vacant mind, it shrinks with horror. So many misfortunes, of most varied character, assuredly never before befell unhappy curate, as appear to have descended upon the ill-starred head of the blushing Hoblush in eight eventful experi ences. Sin ce th e d ays o f the " Bashful Irishman," of famo us memory, we have met with no such felicitous compound of innocence and ignorance, of impudent effrontery and unconscious stupidity, as are united in the person of this much abusing hal all hiE up POe ti p WOl its 1 are this brie rim Wil the this wh 1311 C tom ste: Bart Mad Ver lifl pr( cal un thi ex 41( fig