The Sun. — London, England, 1863-08-18 00:00:00

THE BATTLES OF GETTYSBURG, (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) HEADQUARTERS OF GEN. LONGSTREET, NEAR GETTYSBURG, July 2. It was not till 4 in the afternoon that the battle commenced. Upon the extreme Confederate right advanced Gen. Hood and the Texans, who would follow his tall form up to Gehenna's gates, and the day's disasters commenced by a wound which he at once received, shattering his left arm below the elbow and forcing him from the field. His division fell to the command of the senior Brigadier-General, Robertson, who swiftly shared Gen. Hood's fate, and resigned the command to Gen. Law. On Hood's left advanced, hardly with sufficient promptitude, the division of Gen. M'Laws. Observing some de lay in their advance, Gen. Longstreet threw him self at the head of Wofford's brigade, and led them under such a fire as has rarely been witnessed right up the slope. Repressing the disposition of his men to cheer him as he took his place at their head by the brief exclamation of " Cheer less, men, and fight more," Gen. Longstreet, mounted upon the same charger which he hes ridden in a score of battlefields, without either horse or rider, both recklessly and constantly exposed, encountering even a scratch, plunged into the thickest of the fight. There are in all wars undemonstrative, un selfish, and natural men, whose worth is chiefly known to their soldiers, who seldom attract and care nothing for public applause, but on whom in the direst stress of critical battle the sternest and most hazardous role devolves, To this order belongs Gen. Longstreet—a man fighting not for praise, or civil or social distinction, with a repugnance to those self-seeking politicians (a class happily almost unknown to England) who manipulate for their own advancement the reputation of such generals as con descend to become their creatures. Few, indeed, among the generals of Lee's army are such self seekers—least self-seeking of all Generals Lee and Longstreet themselves. It was natural that one of the Federal prisoners brought back in this very charge by Wofford's Brigade should, upon learning that the big man who led the advance was none other than Gen. Longstreet, have exclaimed, "No wonder we are thrashed upon every field ; there is not in the whole of our army a Lieut.-General who would have risked his life in such a charge." Against the first position of the Federals the advance of Longstreet's two divisions was completely successful ; against the second and stronger position he had not men enough to essay seriously upon this day to prevail. Meanwhile on the Confederate centre and left Generals Hill and Ewell mingled in fierce conflict with their sternly-resisting enemy. Vain indeed would be the attempt to portray in language the scene which the Cemetery-hill, held by the Federal centre, and the lines of their right wing, lying im mediately behind Gettysburg, presented to the spec tator. If it had not been reserved for me to listen next day to a still more awful din, I should have fancied that no such scene had ever before saluted mortal eye or ear. A thick canopy of smoke, con. s t a ntly rent by bright darting flashes cof flame, cas t its dense pall over the struggling, bleeding thou sands who toiled and died in itA centre, while out of the opaque gloom, as though from the bowels of the earth, one deep prolonged bellowing roar never ceased to issue. Through the deepening twilight and on far into the night the fierce struggle c-)n -tinued, until, in the gloom, the dazzling parabolas of flame, bursting into sparkling jets and corusca tions as the shells cracked and exploded, made a ghastly pyrotechnic display. It:was not untill ate in the night that it was learnt that the divisions of Rodes and Early had at one time actually carried a part of the Cemetery-hill, and had sent down a peremptory entreaty for support to Generals Pinder and Anderson of A. P. Hill's corps. But General Pinder lay at the moment desperately wounded. The request was, for some unknown reason, unheeded by Gen. Anderson. Rodes and Early fell back to their old positions, and the only advantage gained by the Confederates consisted in the carrying by Gen. Longstreet of the first position of the Federals upon the extreme right of the Confederate line. JULY 3. Between the first and second positions originally held by the Federal left intervened a large bare sloping meadow, nearly a mile in width. Across this Valley of the Shadow of Death the Confede rates' advance, committed this morning to the divi sions of Generals Pickett and Pettigrew, had no option but to proceed, swept by the concentrated fire of the countless Federal guns, and exposed when nearing those guns to hailstorms of musketry bul lets. The distance was too great to advance at the double; it was necessary to move slowly and deli berately, that, as the men approached the batteries, there might be some dash left for the final on slaught. Early in the morning General Longstreet's line stood thus :—On the extreme right the division of General Hood, commanded by General Law; next to him the division of M'Laws—these two divi sions being by General Longstreet held in hand to launch against the Federals should success attend the onward movement to their left. Next to M'Laws came the spec gregis of the moment —the division of General Pickett, supported and assisted on its left by the far larger division of General Pettigrew, belonging to A. P. Hill's corps, and ordinarily com manded by General Hetb, who received a singular wound on the first day. He was struck in the centre of his forehead by a Minie bullet, which laid bare the bone, and then glided off. He attributes his escape to the fact that he was wearing a Yankee hat which was too l ar g e for him, and in front of the forehead he had inserted a thick wad of paper, which was strong enou g h in its resistance to the bullet to save the General's life. It should be noticed that most of Petti g rew's division consisted of men who had never been seriously engaged before. They have recently been drawn from IsT }, °vth Carolina, where for months and months they race been engaged in w atchin g the fantastic me -es° Generale Hunter and Foster, and others in the neighbourhood of Newbern—menaces which must have "mind the Federal Government untold millions of dollars, and which have been productive of no 'good to them beyond the larce n y of a few negroes and the s ack and pillage of sundry houses o f non-combat s te It would have been e as y to secure the only • material advantage sought by the Federal s on that and herringSounds—b3sheriee i n Paml i co an d Albemarle sloops of war. thet p r esence in those waters of a few The division of Gen. brigades, lately leftah Pickett, shorn of two of its likely, I believe, the vicinity of Suffolk, but ertly to join Lee's army, did not in number mu c h division of Pew exceed 4,000 men. The strong igrea r . . the Ist, against Gen. 'R eyn c o a ld i s n , i s ts us e t n a g in a e g d em i e n n co t n o - f incon siderable loss, numbered, :with the additi on o f Wil cox's Brigade, temporaril y attached to it, about 10,000 men. It was naturally desirabl e b e f ore t h e i r , at t a ck was delivered that a h eavy cannonade from the Confederate batteries ali su l d as possible, exhaust and perha ps silence some ofu far of Col. Longstreet, the Federal t guns. Accordingly, under the instructio ns ctio ns Walton, Chief of Artillery to Gen, and Col. 'Walker, Chief of Artillery to Gen. A p Hil l, battalions of artillery, numbering A . in all 140 guns, were got into position, while similar arrangements were made by Gen. _Ewell on the left, e° that in all upon the Confederate side alone there must have been a concert of about 200 guns. It can hardly be doubted that their thunder was echoed back from a a imiler number of pieces on the Federal side, and to imagination must it be left to conceive e reader's im a the' diapason of 400 guns. The thundering roar of all the accumulated battler ever fought upon earth relied into cne volume could hardly have rent the skie s with fiercer or more unearthly resonance and din. Far back into the mountains the reverbera tions rolling from hillside to hillside startled strange and unmusical echoes. Vast cumuli of cloud, such as would have shrouded 10,000 Homeric goddesses, had they cared in these days of villainous saltpetre to mingle in the melee, floated over the strife; horses, the suffering and tortured ministers of man's fury and wrath, lay thickly dead or horribly muti lated upon the ground ; constantly from out of the white pall of vapour issued wounded and mangled men, and rumours that this or that General was killed. that this or that regiment was reduced to a corporal's guard, traceable to no authentic source, neither believed nor disbelieved by the listeners. , of convulsive and a gon i se d grief, ren dering a lmost under every tree of burying parties, some timesdering the last sad offices to the fallen, d epres sed every heart ; nor was the prospect of a with tears darkness should fall, calculated spirits. All day long, while vent so soon as the n i g ht march in such weather known to be immi• to cheer or elevate the big guns on e ither 11's enormous train, swollen Gen. E vve angry silence, horses and wagons aide f rowned at each other in . ion into Pennsylvania he to vast bulk which on their first incurs filing off behind the had abundantly collected, was into a by the plunder in the same as we ntains (not pass of the South Mon Confederate centre and right, • from Chainbersburg), had traversed when advancing n. Towards and pushing which leads obliquely to Hagersto wn. which evening the wagon train of A. P. Hill and it was not occupied the centre, followed Ewell ; • fLongstreel's till long after midnight that the train o till corps got under weigh. From 7 in the evening s corps, 3 in th e morn i ng we lay silent and moody upon the soaking m u dd y ground, clinging to the log fire which the damp and chilly night made most accep table, deluged by frequent dashes of heavy rain, watching Gen Longstreet as, in deep thought, he walked ceaselessly bacKward and forward like a sailor on his quarterdeck. Presently we were joined by Gcn. Leo. It cannot; be pretended that the spirits of the party, under circumstances which would have drawn heavily on the resources of Mark Tapley, were as radiant as usual, but even to this night came an end at last. It was a strange scene to witness. The thick gloom, the heavy rain, the all-pervading sea of glutinous slimy mud, and through it knee deep, sometimes barefooted, some times with trousers turned up above the knee, tramping file after file of men, while along the road side the bright camp fires, stretching for thousands of yards, dazzled and bewildered the rider's eye sight, as he tried to steer his way through droves of oxen goaded with much shouting fiercely forward, among flocks of terrified sheep, and through the in terstices of mile after mile of wagons, and caissons, and guns, and attendant camp-followers. sth, the ra i n At length, on th e morn i ng o f the rose as it were out of the ground, until the spec tator, a prey to that whimsical caprice which at moments of fierce and absorbing excitement seizes on men's minds, found himself wandering in thought to strange and far-off scenes, to happy valleysashich had never seen war, and vaguely s.itculating how their echoes would awake and resp Aid to such a thunderous din. Precisely at 1 o'clock, responsive to the warning summons of two signal guns, the 140 pieces in the Confederate centre and right opened fire; nor were their voices hushed until 40 minutes after 2. Then came General Pickett's turn, and nobly did he spring to the head of his undaunted men, and mar shal them to the attack. With long floating locks, with a seeming recklessness, which is, perhaps, partly assumed, but which stamps him of the Murat type, General Pickett, of more demonstrative courage than other generals, but not less unflinch ing than his own sword, seemed as he advanced to lead his men into the very jaws of death. Slowly emerging into the open ground, with shells singularly ineffective, as it seemed to me (consider ing the apparently murderous precision with which they all burst) cracking and snapping over them at every stride, Generl Pickett's men seemed d to iv tak ed e hours to surmount the mile of interval which divided destinationt hem fro m t i h a e Fed era l reached; with batteries. a w ild A y e t ll lengththey s p t r h i e n i g r gunint o r t i h d e e Y a a a n k c e n e n e f e a d r t e h r a w t o e r e k n s l ; d a i e s t r d t e h e o f group F u e r d e u e r n a d l v G a e n n n e e r i a a l L a o e n e g n p t r l e e e t e t s e 11 0 nga c ce r ss n a t d e El f h r i a m fe t w h a moments b G r e e n a e t r h al is L d u r n a g w s n tr m ee o t r e di f s r e e e e r i n y s , that but t P b e e t t q i g u i t: ck w ' e s y d e i v o i f pa captured dce guns,de pends b m y o s r ! siuupon w te retention h ose almost i s c i k m e u t t l t o u f u t e h o e u c s a is in confusion. Upon ntheir left Pettigrew's men when close up to b Yankee batteries, perceive a large column th e Retaining Federals that descending f fatal tai the habit hill e t o flank m.f thinking for themselves which is so pernicious to a soldier, the Confederates first halted, then got into confusion, then broke and fell back. The frightful damage from grape and;canister which, shrinking at this perilous moment, they could not but sustain, was compared by an eye-witness of both scenes . to the punish men t i n fli cte d on the Federals from the heights of Fredericksburg in December last. In vain did General Longstreet send Major Latrobe to General Petti grew, shortly before the latter's troops broke, urging him, in military language, "to refuse his left"— that is, to meet the flanking column by a line thrown obliquely out to meet it. Major Latrobe's horse was shot as he sped on his message, and on foot he could not get up to General Pettigrew in sufficient time to instruct and guide him. When Pettigrew and his men fell back, the flanking column of Yankees, meeting with no resistance, swept round until they approached and overlapped Pickett. Then, and not till then, he commenced to give way. " Hide, blushing glory, hide" the cost of that re treat. Out of a division of 4,300 men he brought out, in the first instance, about 1,500, though I be lieve that another 1,000 straggled in the next day. His three Brigadier Generals lay dead or desperately wounded upon the field ; out of all his field officers only one major came out unwounded; 11 out of the 13 colours which he carried into action were lost. Since the commencement of this war I know of no division on either side which has ever made so resolute an advance, or been so rudely and mur derously handled. Long will the 3d of July be remembered in anguished Virginia, from which State almost all Pickett's division was drawn. Gen. Pickett and his staff, all of whom miraculously escaped, were torn by grief at the loss of friends known for a lifetime, but doubly and trebly en deared by the common perils and sufferings of these ast two years. But if at an earlier stage of this letter I fancied hat less than his usual calmness was visible i❑ General Lee's face, all trace of cloud and anxiety passed away in this the hour of our deepest gloom. Riding from knot to knot of the stragglers, with kind, firm, calm words encouraging the disheartened, rallying every man who could carry a musket or was only slightly wounded, he infused confidence and spirit into his men at the moment which of all others is most trying to volunteers. General Will cox, riding up to him, with tears in his eyes, ex claimed, " General, I have tried to rally my men, but as yet they will not stand." General Lee re sponded, "Never mind, General, the fault is all mine. All that you have to do is to help me to remedy it so far as you can," If any testimony to the affection and confidence inspired by General Lee were wanting, it might be found in the cheers issuing from the interior of ambulances as they passed him, bearing their ghastly load of wounded to the rear. This scene was witnessed by Colonel Fremantle, of the Coldstream Guards, who has returned to England, leaving behind him many a friend in the Confederate army, which he has ac companied for the last three weeks. After the repulse of General -Pickett's division the struggle was virtually over. It is true that on the extreme Confederate left General Johnson, of Ewell's corps, captured a hill which would have been important had complete success attended Longstreet's attack. As it was, both armies, fear fully exhausted by their losses, fell back on the night of the 3d, to commence on both sides preparations for retreat on the 4th ; the initiative in retreating, as was subsequently believed, having been taken by General Meade. The incidents of the day's battle, the struggles of individual companies, which, to borrow Napoleon's'expression, "belong rather to the biography of a regiment than the history of an army," would fill a volume. Suffice it to say. that while the particulars of the Confederate loss being more known to me are given in more detail, there is abundant evidence that the Federals, with their heavy columns of troops massed behind their bat teries, and fearfully exposed to artillery fire, suffered a loss as unprecedented as was the valour which, for the first time in its existence, the Grand Army of the Potomac on this occasion displayed. JULY 4. A steady downpour of rain from a low brooding leaden sky—a day in keeping with the fortunes of the nation whose once joyous national holiday, the 80th since the acknowledgment by England of its independence, was rolling gloomily ,and unobserved away ; the sight in every grove and stopped, though only for a short season—a halt was permitted—food and absence of rain exercised their restorative influence, but as we set forward again in the afternoon the pertinacious downpour was re sumed. Another wretched night, passed half on the march, half in a saturated wheat field, another long day's march, and on the night of the 6th we reached the little town of Hagerstown, distant about five miles from the Potomac. RICHMOND, July 28. Upon the 14th inst., the army of General Lee, which had lain passive in the neighbourhood of Hagerstown since the evening of the 6th, courting a r a c t r h o s e sr the t han Potomac expec inntgo Virginia. att ck , T w o a t s a k wi e t t w ithdraw n there were many circumstances which moved General Lee. In the first place, the same unprece dented weather which had accompanied almost the whole of his march into Pennsylvania continued until the end, and the heavy downpour of rain which ushered in the month of July and had been scarcely intermitted for 14 days, pursued and pelted us mercilessly as we again approached the Poto mac, swelling the river until it threatened to burst its banks, and driving the quartermasters and corn missaries of the army almost to distraction. Secondly, there was difficulty in finding mills which, in the swollen condition of the streams that fed them, could be made available for grinding wheat, and supplying the army with flour. Thirdly, the dis astrous and unexpected tidings of the fall of Vicks burg and Port Hudson, coming on the top of the failure of General Lee's Pennsylvanian campaign, induced him to abandon the hazardous measure, which he at one time contemplated, of again ad ' vancing against the enemy, flushed as he was with the triumph of having for almost the first time in this war repulsed a Confederate attack, and inspirited beyond expression by the fall of Vicksburg. But at r.• less serious moment it would be laughable to read the feigned indignation of the Northern press at the lathes of Ueneral Mead?, in not gobbling up General Lee and his army. In the history of all previous re. treats from the Anabasis of Xenophon up to . the pre sent hour, never was army withdrawn with so little molestation from its enemy as General Lee's. That there was considerable anxiety entertained by Gene rals Lee and Longstreet during the night of the 3d and the day of the 4th of July, in regard to the pos sibility of General Meade's assuming the offensive, I am far from denying. But such anxiety was early dispelled by the capture of a Federal courier bearing despatches, which announced that on the night of the 4th General Meade's headquarters would be at Westminster, or in other words, at a point much nearer to Washington than Gettysburg, and at which the indications are that a strong position had been selected by General Meade, where, but for the attack which he was obliged to accept at Gettys burg, it was his intention to have made his final ' stand. How cumbrous and unwieldy a machine was the reflect that be advanced into Pt army of General Lee will be ev b i n d s e y n i t va t b o is al f l or w u h .b o unknown and indefinite period, with immense connectedordn ordnance c w e i t t r h a i t n h s e Commissary and Quartermaster- , a ( a b l d t h w o tghh vast s s u u ffi n c i e e n s t l o y f General's Depart ments. stores immense) por tation of the Conf e d er ate A r m, v merits. It is a mistake to suppose th i a s t tuhneusturasniisy scanty and limited. Compared with the sumptuous trains and countless sutler s that pa Federal hosts, the Confed e r a tes, it is tree, carry the ylittle indeed; but it is not likely that the war economy pursued for the last two years by the Federal Go vernment will be accepted as furnishing any other prece cut to ruin. lam assured, howev e r, by co dent for European nations than the m sh p o e r t t e e n s t t and experienced judges that the Confederate trans portation trains rather exceed th a n f a ll short of the Stonewall Jackson's corp s , now f or th e European average. Sp ec i a ll y i s t hi s th e case with with most part under Eweli's command, which under its famous leaderfrequently und er t oo k cam p a i gn . i b n r t m he al lig ir h a t i e b s s t marching order, but o f w hi c h t h e n were large and cumb rous , an d scrupu l ous l y guar d e d at all times by the ceaseless vigilance of General Jackson himself. But on this occasion General Lee, in addition to his own very sufficient trains, had accumulated in Pennsylvania an amount of farming wagons which is so variously estimated that I dare not assign a figure to it, but which, from personal observation, I can state to have been very conside rable indeed. These wagons were principally at tached to the Corps of Gen. Ewell, who was always in the van as we entered Pennsylvania, and their vast aggregate heightened the difficulty of adopting one of the possible plans which I indicated in my letter from Hagerstown, and which by some empirics General Lee has been blamed for not selecting. I allude to the plan of falling back into the gorge of the South Mountain, and there awaiting an attack from General Meade. This course was rendered im possible—first, by the premature engagement be tween Hill and Ewell and the two Army Corps of the Federals on July 1; and secondly, by the distance which separated Gen. Ewell and his vast transpor tation trains from the bulk of Lee's army. It is still the opinion of the best and wisest heads that Gen. Lee, in resolving to attack Meade's strong position at Gettysburg, played for a mighty stake which he was justified in thinking he could win, and which, in point of fact, he was within an ace of winning. How nearly the Confederates succeeded in driving their opponents from the heights is probably fully known only to Gen. Meade and Gen. Halleck; but some measure of the damage inflicted upon the Federal army may be taken by one who witnessed the faintness and feebleness of Gen, Meade's pur suit. With the exception of a brief canrionaile be tween some of the Federal cavalry and the rearguard of Gen. Ewell on the sth, pursuit there was none. Some damage was done to Gen. Ewell's train, prin cipally,' believe, through the agency of Pennsylva nian citizens ; but altogether there were not 100 wagons destroyed. Gen. Lee returned to the rginian side of the P o t omac with 5,000 Federal pri soners; with his immense trains all but uninjured ; with an amount of Pennsylvanian waggons and horses which I dare not attempt to estimate ; with out the loss of a caisson or a gun, except two, which were abandoned because the horses broke down ; without paying any other toll than that which was exacted in the three days of battle at Gettysburg, and for which no doubt full value was given by the Federal army; and with his own army in such heart and spirits as I have never seen excelled. Considerable credit is due to the engineer depart ment of Gen. Lee's army for the ingenuity which they displayed in building, with great rapidity, the pontoon bridge at Falling Waters (about four miles from Williamsport), which upon the 13th and 14th inst. conveyed Gen. Lee's army trains and most of his army across the Potomac. During our absence in Pennsylvania the Confederate pontoon bridge, which had been left in the Potomac and was insuf ficiently guarded, was, as some say, 1:4- the inhabi tants of Martinsburg, and, as others, by the inhabi tants of Hagerstown, in great measure destroyed. It will be recollected that General Lee's army reached Hagerstown on the evening of the 6th. For some days we lay there without thought of further retreat, but when the calamitous tidings from Vicksburg and Port Hudson overtook us, and when simultaneously the rain continued to descend, it was deemed advisable to stand once more upon Vir ginian soil instead of striki ng d eeper into Mary land i n pursuit of an enemy who had obviously no i n tentionwhom h im another aba assailing him in his fight couldof o a n tt l a y ek h i e ng gb u t s, abnyd followingoutof own chosen p o siti on. I t be came abundantlY evident, when by s l ow an d tardy meiches, pr last day o pro tracted from the 3d of J u l y (the of battle) until the 1 1th, when the Federal army began to approach Hagerstown in force, General Meade drew near to General Lee hope of a I t on by General that no again, was broug gagement could reconnoitred our position near general of a few hastily only consisted Hagerstown, look of which cons not liking the thrown up breast works, and I t) i e e e. indulged he F Federals unlessra is ply dili gently began to p it, fell back for two miles, a according to their almost acco gently spade and pickaxe, bow frequently, It invariable practice. It is singu lar since General L ee ass umed command in Virginia, 13 months ago, th e C o nfederates, in t h e numerous battles which have o ccurr ed, have b ee n the as" il ants. For seven d a y s i n th e battles around Rich mond they acted a l wa y s on th e offanstve ; it was the s. et , same in the series o f b a ttl es w hich extingui 1 THE SUN, LONDON. TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 18, 1861 General Pope ; it was the same at Chancellorsville, the same at Gettysburg. And few things are more evident than that, in spite of the homage which the Feckral Generals all concur in paying to their re spective armies, nothing is further from the policy of each General than to follow the example of General Burnside at Fredericksburg, and to attack Gen. Lee in a position chosen by himself. It was the opinion of General Jackson, it is the opinion of General Longstreet no less than of Genera! Lee, that upon the soil of Virginia it makes no difference what the disparity of numbers may be, if the Con federates fight behind even the most insignificant breastworks and receive their enemy's attack. It is difficult, so long as the spirit and morale of Gen. Lee's army remain what they are now, to compute how many men the Federals would have to bring before they could carry such works as defend Rich mond and Petersburg, if ever they should succeed in driving the Confederates from the open field into these works. The Recent Murder in Switzerland. A correspondent of a contemporary writes :—The recent assassination of M. Quensel, of Hanover, while travelling in Switzerland, has excited such general horror and con sternation, and so many vague accounts are in circulation tending to cause groundless alarm, that I believe a simple statement of facts may be acceptable to your readers. On arriving at Sion a few days since I found information had been just received of the arrest of Bartholomew Balet, the murderer. His brother had been for some days previously in custody, and there appears to be no room to doubt that these two men only were concerned in the atrocity. The traveller had started from Sierre, intending to walk through the beautiful Vals d'Anniviers and d'Herens. He slept at Zinal, and left in the morning of the 23d July, intending to pass the Cols Sorrebois and Torrent to this place, He was accompanied by a guide, the brother-in-law of the " aubergiste" at Zinal. About midday he reached the summit of the Col du Torrent. Here the guide called his attention to a small wan of stones very recently erected on the summit. A powder flask and bullets were also seen on the path. The traveller descended the Col shortly in ad vance of the guide. When about ten paces from the summit a shot was fired, and a ball passed through the guide's shoulder and broke the arm of the traveller. The latter exclaimed " Sauve qui petit," and commenced running; at the same moment a second shot brought the guide to the ground. The traveller probably followed the zigzag path, while the assassin ran down a direct course, and he must have fired age n almost close to his victim, as the clothes bore marks of the powder. the bullet passed through the heart, and death must have been instantaneous. The assas sin returned to the guide, from whom he took the knapsack, threatening at the same time to finish him. The guide im plored a few moments to make his peace with his Maker. the brigand, touched with pity, bound up the guide's wound and helped him back over the Col, offering him five francs, " Nous sonames cinq," and adding that if his companions knew of his sparing him they would kill him also. This statement created the belief that an associated body of bri gands existed in these parts. The guide, faint and ex hausted, remained on the mountain side until his groans brought some shepherds to his help. They carried him to the nearest chalet, where he became insensible. This was at a considerable distance from Grementz, the nearest vil lage in the Val d'Anniviees, and it was not until the follow ing morning that a party of villagers was able to ascend the mountain. They found the body of N. Quensel on the path, despoiled of everything of value except a ring. It was ne cessary to communicate with the authorities of the place be fore the peasaets dared to remove the body. This was done, and the remains of the unfortunate man were subsequently brought here and interred in the village churchyard, where they now rest, the grave being carefully tended and dressed with mountain flowers. Subsequent inquiries prove that only two men were con cerned in this horrible rhurder, and these two are brothers named Balet, inhabitants of a small village on the other side of the Rhone. The elder was last year convicted of forgery ; he escaped from prison, and, accompanied by his brother, fled to Algiers. They remained there till the spring of this year, when they returned ; but the elder brother, to avoid arrest, appears to have led a wild life, secreting himself in the mountains in the neighbourhood of his home. It is sup posed that the younger brother gained information at Sierre of the intended course of M. Quesnel, and thus the plan formed. Four shots were fired ; both men had double-bar relled rifles. These have been subsequently found, and one T of ho them,peculierly marked, is recognised by the guide. concealed in an brigands. Withi n an hour or two o f t h e murder t wo men. knapsack outbuilding and belonging gng h ave to also the family been of the , were seen by the shepherds hastening by another col, the Pas de Lonaf from the scene of the murder towards the Rhone. I have received this intelligence from the Presi dent of the Tribunal of Sion, who yesterday revisited the scene of this horrible catastrophe, accompanied by the offi cials and a gentleman from Hanover sent by the Bing to attend the investigation. The younger brother Balet was apprehended shortly after the murder at his own home. The elder fled to the Canton Berne, and was a few days since arrested at a vil lage called Geteig, on the further side of the Sanetsh Pass The popular indignation is so great that precaution has been deemed necessary to prevent the execution of summary justice on the prisoner's arrival at Sion, while chains of more than ordinary strength have been prepared to prevent raeseetcdoentdais o escape ifa nofotheeeurcroennveie whichct.Th has occasionedeseare,l a deepbelieve, cor rect r sensation throughout Switzerland. It must naturally affect the confidence hitherto reposed in the Swiss; but I do not think the r e is reason for continued apprehension. The per petrators of the crime stand alone, and have been secured, and among the population there is but one feeling of execra tion and of grief at the crime which has disgraced their country. The guide, who was supposed to have been mortally wounded, is recovering, and the trial will take place in a fortnight. — The Late Fatal Omnibus Accident. Yesterday Mr. Payne resumed th e i nqu i ry, at Bartholomew's St. Hospital, respecting th e d eat h of Chas. Fox. aged 37, an omnibus conductor, who was run ov er on Thursday last by another omnibus on Holb orn -hi l l , and morning killed on the spot. It being alleged that the accident was caused by racing, the driver of the second omnibus had been apprehended, but was admitted to bail on Friday last. William Wray, living at 7, Furnival's Inn, said— On Thursday last, about half-past three, I was standing at the corner of Furnival's Inn, when my attention was called to two omnibuses racing towards the City, one being slightly before the other. That part of Holborn is very broad. I be lieve they were going at the rate of eight or nine miles an hour. The horses of the second omnibus were about level with the body of the first, but it passed the other on the near side at a rapid pace, and the d eceased having alighted and attempted to pass in front of the horses of the second omnibus, was knocked down by th e h orses, and the hind off wheel passed over him. The second omnibus, after stopping a short time, proceeded on its j ourne y. In cross-examination this witness said—l saw the deceased immediately he alighted. There was a very short distance indeed between the tail of the first omnibus and the horses' heads of the second ; perhaps between two and three yards. When I first saw them they were near Gray's-inn-lane, but I cannot say which was the first. The deceased's omnibus pulled up as he was getting off the monkey-board. I did not see him get off, but he was knocked down by the off-side horse just as his omnibus stopped. Ido not consider there was sufficient room for the second omnibus to pass the first on the near side, as the second was obliged to squeeze past. I should think there was a space of about 12 or 15 feet be tween the deceased's omnibus and the kerb. There is a cab-rank just there, and there were cabs on it, but I cannot tell the distance between the first omnibus and the cabs on the off side. Dr. Jones, who resides at 1, Montague-place, Kentish Town, said—l was in the omnibus of which the deceased was conductor. There appeared to be a great hurry to get forward, as there was another omnibus about 40 or 50 yards behind it. The one I was in went on the Leather-lane side of the cab-stand, At this time the second omnibus was coming up fast, and I heard the deceased continually urge his own driver to greater speed. This was when the light green omnibus was about 20 yards behind. When they came opposite Furnival's Inn both omnibuses were racing. A female passenger was standing by the side of the kerb, and one omnibu s was drawn up about a foot from t h e p u blic convenience in the centre of the road. The conductor got down, and went in flout of his omnibus, telling the coach man to pull across, saying, " Pull them across, and stop them "—pointing to the omnibus then advancing. Witness seeing, from the speed of the advancing omnibus, that there might be a dangerous collision, took measures for making his escape. The conductor at this time continued to exhort his driver to pull across, at the same time walking back wards in a way that he was unable to perceive the approach ing omnibus. At this time a female (the wife of the de ceased), who was in his omnibus screamed violently. I looked at the conauctor, and saw the pole of the second omnibus strike him in the back. He was by this whirled round the horse. collar, and fell on his head. He was then struck by the horsb's fore off leg, and on the ear by his hind off-leg. The deceased seemed to struggle to free himself, when the wheel passed over the chest by the side of the head from the shoulder, ard down the centre of the body. He was at once removed on to the path, when there was a per ceptible tremor in the body, the blood pouring in great quantities from his mouth. I saw there was no hope for him, and at once gave directions for having the driver of the second omnibus taken into custody. I consider that the driver of the second omnibus must have seen the deceased before he was knocked down, as there was nothing else in the way. There was not space for the two omnibuses to pass without running over the deceased, and the second omnibus could not have passed round the other without danger of upsetting his own vehicle. The deceased had his back to the second omnibus, and was evidently not aware of its approach, for he backed on to the chains of it. The driver of the second omnibus had time to stop before the accident happened after the deceased placed himself in' the position in which he was struck. Mr. H. J. Dalrymple, 34, Great St. Helen's, gave corro borative evidence. Edward Gilbert, a cabdriver, said he had measured the ground where the accident had taken place, and found that the urinal near which the first omnibus stopper; was 29 feet from the kerb, and the near wheels of the same about 12 feet from the kerb. He considered the second omnibus was going at the ntte of seven miles an hour. At the time the deceased was struck there was three or four feet distance between the two omnibuses. Langley, the driver, tried to pull up directly after the deceased was knocked down, and did so about 20 yards from where the accident happened. He did not try to pull up before the accident. He was driv ing about seven miles an hour, and he considered it would take 20 yards to pull up horses going at that speed. The road was down-hill, and there would always be a difficulty in stopping an omnibus under such circumstances, as the strain was all upon the collar, although it might have been stopped in a less space. Benjamin Watkins said he was drives of the omnibus to which the deceased was conductor. The other omnibus runs from Notting-hill to Mile-end Gate, the time of starting being about the same; he generally started first. He started on that occasion from St. John's Church at ten minutes to three. About Furnival's Inn witness heard his conductor say "Wo I wo I" and ho pulled up. The con ductor never said a word else to him—in fact the direction to stop were the last words he heard him utter. Hearing something coming his near side he turned to see what it was, and then saw the deceased knocked down by the defendant's omnibus. In answer to questions he said he never heard the conductor give him directions to pull in and stop the other omnibus; he might have said so, but witness did not hear him. The omnibus works in with the London General Omnibus Company's omnibuses. There was neither oppo sition nor racing on that day. There was plenty of room for the Whitechapel omnibus to pass him on the near side. The distance Langley went after the accident was not more than would be required to pull up in, although it might be done in a yard or two less. The speed was about 8 miles an hour. Geo. Cook, of 2, Ho'ford-mews, Holford-square, said he was a cab-driver, and at the thee of the accident was first cab on the rank. Saw the omnibus of which the deceased was conductor stop. It belonge(Lto the General Omnibus Company. Hearing a scream, he looked round, and saw the conduetor in front of the pole of another omnibus. (He then described the accident), and added that the driver, Langley, did not stop when first spoken to,although he gave two checks to his horses. He slackened the pace and looked behind, and then pulled up about 10 or 12 yards from where he knocked the deceased down. By a Juryman—Langley stopped before the police came up. Walter Wooife, a general dealer, said he was on the de ceased's omnibus at the time in question. He then described the occurrence, and said the omnibuses were going at the ordinary speed, and there was no racing, Harriett Briggs, wife of James Briggs, said she was in the dark-green omnibus, and observed the horses of another om nibus dodging very close behind them. She said the dark green omnibus did not stop until the conductor was on the ground ; in fact, it was partly in motion then. Chas. Waters, a barman, said he was a passenger by the light -green omnibus, and saw the dark one hailed by a pas senger. The deceased jumped down while the omnibus was in motion, and told the driver to drive over to the near side, He was then standing by the side of the omnibus, and wit ness heard him say, " Pull to the near side." The driver of the omnibus I was in called out to the deceased, and the off side horse trod on his heels six or seven times, the pole at the time pushing him along. The driver of the light om nibus pulled up and tried to stop as soon as he called out to the deceased, and stopped 1,5 or '2O yards from the spot where the deceased fell. The deceased jumped down from his own omnibus right in front of Langley's horses. He was going about eight miles an hour, and called out, but within two or three seconds the pole struck and knocked him down. Witness also called out to him, but there was no time to stop the omnibus and avoid running over him. there was nu room for a vehicle to pass on the off side. Mr. Christopher Williams said he was one of the house surgeons of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, and deposed to the deceased being brought there dead. The death he con sidered arose from a fracture on the base of the skull. Sarah Hetworth said she was waiting on the pavement at Furnival's Inn when the deceased's omnibus drew up, as if to take her up. She did not require it, and shook her head. She then corroborated the other witnesses as to the occur rence. She added that the accident would not have occurred if the deceased had remained between the omnibuses, but he persisted in running. The driver of the light-green omni bus could not have avoided a collision. After some further evidence, the coroner summed up, and the jury deliberated for a lengthened period. The learned Coroner (finding that there was no chance of their agreeing, the numbers being nine to eight) discharged the jury at five o'clock, without giving a verdict. It is understood that the majority (nine) were in favour of a verdict of manslaughter ; and the minority (eight) for accidental death. THE LOSS OF THE PARIS, . On Saturday the irquiry instituted by the Board of Trade nto the circumstances attending the total loss of the iron steamer Paris, belonging to the Maples' Channel Line, off Jersey, on the morning of the 28th July last, was resumed at the Greenwich Police-court, before Mr. Traill, police magistrate, and Captain Harris and Captain Baker, nauti cal assessors. Mr, F. H. Hamel, barrister, attended on behalf of the Board of Trade, the inquiry having been adjourned from the previous day for the decision of the Court. Mr. Traill said there would be no necessity to go further into the case as regarded the loss of the vessel, as there was sufficient evidence before the Court to come to a conclusion. Before, however, he delivered the decision of the Court, he desired to hear the opinions of the nautical assessors as re garded Capt. Hemmings's conduct in the matter. Capt. Harris said that had there been loss of life he would have viewed the case very seriously as affecting Captain Hemmings. He ccnsidered his conduct very reprehensible in having shipped the man De la Cour as pilot and one of his crew, thus dividing the authority and responsibility, and which he considered was a mere cloak or blind to save pilotage dues. Had the Court been called upon to determine as to 'claims for property, they, as the nautical assessors, would have been compelled to give their decision against the captain of the vessel; but, looking at the fact that the authorities at Jersey had viewed the cause of the wreck to have arisen from the negligence of the pilot De la Cour, whose certificate had been taken from him, and there being no direct evidence to show that the captain was to blame, he (Capt. Harris) was disposed to give him the benefit of the same, and to restore to him his certificate- Captain Baker having expressed his opinion in similar terms, Mr. Traill said his view of the case was as strong, and perhaps stronger, than those expressed by the nau tical assessors who had assisted him in the inquiry, and he was anxious that the remarks he was then about making should be well considered by Captain Hemmings and the owners of the vessel. In the present inquiry there had been two or three points to consider, the first being whether the captain had employed such a person as pilot as would discharge him self from responsibility ; secondly, having appointed such a person, whether he had interfered in any manner with the orders given by the pilot; and another question was, sup posing the pilot had been employed in a legitimate manner, whether the captain was not bound to take care that the ship was properly navigated, because it might occur that gross neglect might display itself on the part of the pilot. At 8.30 on the morning of the wreck, when seven or eight milesfrom Jersey, it was shown that the captain had given directions for the course of the ship to be altered to N.E. half N,, a course which would serve for either channel, and that he then went below, leaving the pilot on the bridge in charge. Ten minutes afterwards the captain returned to the bridge, and remained there until the ship struck, going down about 10 minutes afterwards. That some one was grossly is fault there was no doubt, but the question was which party, or whether both were to blame; and in arriving at a conclu sion they must look atthe respective statements of the parties. The statement of the captain was that when he gave the N.E. half N. course he considered he had no further charge of the ship, which from that time was under the charge of the pilot; that he did not give any further orders; that he did not interfere in any way, except that when the pilot asked him which channel he should take he replied, " I do not care which, so that it is for the best,v meaning thereby that he wished to keep ahead of the steamer Wonder, then in sight. The captain further stated that the pilot told him he should take the Silliette passage, to which he made no objection, and that he had no idea but that he was doing so till he saw the ship close to the Grunot rocks, and before she struck. The pilot's statement, which had been taken on oath, was to the effect that, though he considered the ship was under his charge, his of ders were not attended to—that he never said he intended to take the Silliette passage, but on the contrary, when the master said he wished to (as ho ex• pressed it) "cut it short," he told him that the middle pas sage was the shortest and safest ; that it had all along been his intention to take that channel ; that the captain must have known that was his intention; that when he found he was opening out the marks for the middle channel, and too far to the northward, he gave orders to keep more to the south ; that the captain did not comply, but ordered him to steer for the Rovandiere, and, by so doing, the ship was brought on the Grunot rocks ; and, that if the order to go to the south had been observed, even to half the ship's length, she would have been saved. Between the state ments so contradictory, and with little more confirmation of the one than the other. it would perhaps ho hard wholly to deny the master the benefit of his plea, that the ship was wider the charge of the pilot, and not under his charge, so as to make him responsible for the loss. At the same time, supposing this plea was to be admitted, his inattention to the dangerous course of the ship could scarcely admit of an excuse. He was on the bridge before the ship struck, but he did not appear to have had the proper marks for either channel, and yet he suffered the ship to proceed at the rate of 12 knots an hour, when ho ought to have known of the near approach to danger. All things considered, it seemed not unreasonable to conjecture that the captain's desire to cut it short had made 1r m inattentive to the caution that was necessary, if it did not (as the pilot alleged) actually make him countermand the order given by the pilot to keep the ship more to the south just before she struck. He (Mr, raill) had been thus particular in this part of the case, be cause it was after much hesitation that they had come to a conclusion so favourable to the captain ; but, in coming to that conclusion, he could not omit to notice the manner in which the pilot laws had been evaded in the case. It appeared that the pilot De la Cour had been hired at weekly wages of 35a.—the object of which was alleged to be that of saving time in looking out for pilots in coming into and going out of Jersey, but it appeared to have been the practice of the captain for five months at least, if not much longer, never to take a Jersey pilot, but to pilot the ship himself, although he had no licence for that purpose, and could not obtain one, not being a native of Jersey ; and even so little did he look upon De la Cour in that character, that he did not avail himself of his services, although he, as on board, from Jersey to St. Malo. By the employment of De la Cour at 355. per week there had been a saving of pilotage money to the amount of 355. or 40s. per week, and this in defiance of one of the purposes of the pilot law. But there was a wot se wischief still, as would appear by this case—viz., that by thus employing a man w'ao, as had been admitted, was intended to be entered on the ship's articles as second mate, it was quite clear that when the occasion occurred for his acting as pilot he could not have properly the authority, nor feel the responsibility of that office; and at the same time, while it did not prevent the master from exercising his natural auth Tity, as master, over his subordinate officer, it left him the opportunity of screening himself for his own neglect or default under the plea that the second mate, as pilot, had charge, and was answerable for loss or damage. There was little doubt that the captain looked upon De la Cour and treated him as a subordinate for one of his crew and pilot to save expense, and that therefore he was bound to see to the navigation of the ship just as much as if there had been no pilot on board. For these reasons, though the Court returned the captain his certificate, they considered it their duty to censure the proceeding by which he had been enabled to make use of such a plea as highly irregular, and likely to lead to very serious, and even dangerous consequences. A gentleman connected with the company to which the Paris had belonged said that Capt. Hemmings was the only master in the company's service not possessing a pilot's licence, but that prev.ous to the wreck he had taken steps to secure his right to pass an examination,for suck a licence. The inquiry then terminated. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TlMES,—There appears, we rejoice to say, a fair prospect that the war which the natives haverecom meuced in New Zealand will be conducted on our part with greater success than has usually attended our military operations in that country. The import ance of the proceedings just reported must not be measured by the scale of the forces engaged or the dimensions of the victory actually achieved. in these respects the encounter still bears some resem blance to those combats in Caifraria where fifty ambushed blacks would keep a battalion on the alert for hours together, and retire at length with a loss which could never be discovered. It shows the difficult and harassing character of these wars when we find that the enemy, against whom 650 excellent soldiers with three Armstrong guns were carefully and anxiously marched at midnight, consisted only of about one-fourth of that number of savages, and that it is regarded as a real exploit to have put a score of these people hors de combat. But the truth is that the colonists are justified in their rejoicings over the success. Moderate as the achievement may appear to us, it was substantial, timely, and full of promise. The work was harder than we can imagine, and the results are likely to bear more fruit than we could anticipate. It was only on the 4th of May last that the Maories provoked once more the anger of the British Government by a treacherous masSetere of our soldiers. After this inauguration of a new rebel lion the people principally concerned in the crime repaired to a strong position at no great distance from the town of New Plymouth, and there estab lished themselves in the native fashion.. These savages are not only thoroughly masters of the rifle, but adepts at field engineering. Their cultivated instincts enable them to construct works as defensible as the best European re doubts, and these extemporised fortifications they hold with extraordinary courage. The band in question, less than 200 in number, took post on the spur of a bill, with a ricer in front, and so plied their spades that the ground all round them was " literally honeycombed with zigzag rifle-pits." Their tactics could be but too well conjectured. If they were attacked with such a force or in such a manner as to offer them any probable advantage, they would fight from their hiding places to the death, and leave us with the alternative of discreditable retreat, or poor success purchased at exorbitant cost. if threatened with a more formidable assault they would decamp furtively, and leave us to come upon an empty nest after a toilsome march, while they establish themselves more strongly than ever in a fresh position. It was necessary, there fore to advance against them in strength and yet to take them by surprise, and this, notwithstanding the perfection of their vigilance and information, was actually done. On the 4th of June, exactly one month after their murderous onslaught on our unoffending soldiers, their " pah" or fort was at tacked with complete success, and it was thought a remarkable event that twenty-four of the garrison should have been killed before they could effect their escape with the remainder. This un usual phenomenon has disconcerted the natives and iospirired th> colonists. A New Zealand war has for once been commenced with vigour, expedition, and success. A force of 200 is a large force for a rebel army in New Zealand. The natives understand better than to fight in great numbers. In these wars the enemy is often in less strength than the little detachment which under that designation em ploys the whole Aldershott camp on a field day. Every Moari is a fighting man, but he fights on his own principles, and it was really a piece of good fortune to surprise 200 of these men together. More over, it was the first affair of the war, and it came off within a week or two after the first challenge to arms, giving good promise of despatch as well as deterrnioatjon. The result is that the colony is full of confidence, resolute to win, and bent on making sure work. The tactics of the savages have been bor rowed for the strife, and we no longer fight against odds. The soldiers, like 'she natives, are divided into small parties, and the rebels who have turned out to kill get killed themselves. The sentries hold no palaver with natives approaching their pests, but fire on them at once. Volunteers and Militia are all on the alert, and on the best of terms with the regular troops. In short, what with the indignation of the community at the recent outrage, the natural exasperation of the soldiers, the vigour of the Gene ral in command, and the energy of the Governor, the Maories are this time provided with an adver sary who will leave them with less reason than before to be contented with the results of war. It is in these features of the new contest that we must seek for assurance as to the future. So far is the war from being over that it is described in our corre. spondence as only just commencing, and likely to " exceed in extent and importance any of its predecessors." We may hope that this estimate will prove exaggerated, and that a struggle which has been opened with such un wonted success will not be of very long duration. It is clear, however, that between us and the Maories there is no peace, nor can we say that we are surprised at the fact. When one race encoun ters another under such conditions war is a natural consequence. The Maories are martial, intelligent, jealous, and ill-disposed to yield to the advances of a more civilised population. Though so acute a people can hardly be blind to our actual superiority yet they have hitherto had no great reason to dis trust their own chances in war.,.. They have defied our arms, if no: with absoluteuti 'etiess, at any rate without discredit to themselves, and with the effect of making us greatly disinclined to begin war again. So they are not likely to succumb without resistance to the fate before them. From that fate, put it how we will, they can have no escape. We may regulate land sales, and respect tribal rights, and protect native interests to the best of our power, but we con never stop the growth of a British colony, or reconcile with that growth the claims of a barbarous population to the lordship of the land. Three years ago the colonists were as numerous as the natives, and since that time the Europeans have rapidly mul tiplied under the attraction of the goldfields of Otago. Does anybody imagine that these settlers will allow small tribes of savages to forbid their natural ex pansion and confine them within a territorial pale ? The New Zealander may be assimilated, or exter minated, or civilised off the lend, but he will cer tainly never hold that land to the prejudice of a stronger and superior race, whose title to occupy it, even if based only upon conquest, would be as good as his own. However, we need not at present carry our speculations to this point. It is enough to an • ticipate on this occasion, at any rate, a less costly struggle than tho-le of former years. General Came roe, who enjoyed the special confidence and esteem of the late Lord Clyde, appears to have divined with happy instinct the exigencies of the crisis. His tactics have been justified by an early, signal, and most opportune success. It is not, we trust, too much to hope that he may go on as he has begun, in which case we should soon see the end of one more New Zealand war. That our liabilities would not be thus terminated may be true enough, but it will be an infinite advantage to this country if we can accept and conclude these quarrels when they are for ce d upon us without draining our army of thousands or our Exchequer of millions. PosT.--It is now nine or ten months sine© the question of a Greek dynasty and a new Greek set tlement came before us, in consequence of the ex poison of Otho. Something like half that time has Passed, since the nomination of Prince William of Denmark, during the course of the preliminaries to his actual accession to the throne. We -161 m 15/ pointed out the complicated relations of this ques tionl as one of the ma i n reasons o f t h e d e lay. t would now seem that by about the time that the whole twelve months since the abdication of Otho shall have expired, all that yet remains to be ar ranged may be complete. We have seen item a veil' recent telegram, which is strictly accurate, that the late lonian Parliament was dissolved, and a new elle summoned a few days ago, to be elected after the lapse of forty days from that time. It is probable, therefore, that the forty-two members to be chose , n by the different i s l an d s may b e convene d a t Coral by the beginning of October—allowing a lapse of ten or twelve days beyond the forty for the actual election and concentration of these new members. The lonian Parliament will then take up the question of annexation to Greece ; and those who aro conversant with parliamentary proceed ings in that Republic will apprehend that, in what ever degree the quest i on may then present itse lf in the light of a for egone conclus i on, the deliberat i on s upon it will not b e muc h a bb reviated. When t he vote of the lonian P ar li ament shall have b een h a d, assuming that it will be in favour of annexation, it will be necessary to hold a conference of the eight Powers, signataries of the Treaty of Vienna, in order to empower the Queen to surrender her pro tectorate and to authorise the annexation. We may hope to elicit the decision of the new lonian Parliament within a week or two of its assembling, and in that case there can scarcely be any reason why the settlement of all these preliminaries should be postponed beyond the end of October or begin ning of November. King George, indeed, has been expected to leave Copenhagen at a somewhat earlier period; and whatever may be the precise time of his arrival at Athens, it is understood that be will visit several of the capitals of Europe, and thus extend his acquaintance with public affairs be fore his final departure for Greece. In the mean time it is understood that the Provisional Govern ment of that country are occupied with certain measures for the alteration of the military system, which are necessarily not of rapid progress, and which they would desire to complete before the arri val of the King. If these circumstances result in any slight postponement of his actual accession, they will on the other hand place the Government on his arrival in a more satisfactory condition. It will he curious to observe the course which the lonians will now take. The electoral appeal is an appeal to the suffrage. Hitherto, if there has been one question on which these islanders have apparently been agreed, it is in favour of annexation to Greece and of a severance of their connection with Great Britain. At the same time it must be remembered that there has hitherto been no oppoi tunity for that question to be collectively discussed. It commonly happens in these republican States that noisy agitators, wile have but little stake in their country, make them selves mach more conspicuous than wealthy mer chants and landowners. Men of commerce wbo may not have troubled themselves with this question while it seemed a merely empirical and not a prac tical one, may begin to think differently when the future of their commonwealth is immediately at issue. They may feel it safer to trade under the lonian flag, protected by England, than under the Hellenic flag. Thus we may fairly anticipate con siderable varieties of opinion. But the appeal being to universal suffrage, property cannot coun tervail numbers; and we are led to doubt whether the intrigues of King Otho's party to defeat annexation will carry many votts with them. The main object, however, by which the mass of the lonians have been led, in their desire for annexation to Greece, does not rest, we believe, in any definite objection to the manner in which we have governed them, but in an ambition to take the lead in the future government of Greece. At Athens they sewn to .'qave long hoped to be foremost. In this ambition we cannot help apprehending that they will be dis appointed; and, at any rate, assuming the annexa tion to take place, we shall probably witness as great a rivalry between the men of Athens and the men of Corfu as ever took place ofold between the Corcyreans and their mother commonwealth, the Corinthians. We believe that the leading public men in Greece express themselves desirous that the expenditure of the Government shall be kept within the limits of its income, and that there shall be no recurrence to the profligate extravagances of the late reign. They allege that the country is susceptible of a pub lic income which may dispense with their contract ing loans or involving annual deficits. In these declarations they are probably sincere. They wish to be able to start afresh. There is little doubt that these premises are true. But let their course on this head be what it may, we trust they will succeed in giving effect to their programme of a Government living within its expenditure under the reign of King George. COUNTRY MARKETS. \., GLOUCESTER—Agra. 15. The show of. English wheat to-day was fair, a good pro.. portion of which was new, in splendid condition and fine quality, and farmers report very favourably of the Yg .te ld ; Old wheat is p er qr c h eaper. New red, 44s to 46s ; wh itey 475 to 495. F ore i gn wheat was in limited demand, with prices nominal. I n b ar l ey b eans, and oats the sales were slow. COLCHESTER—AUG. 15. There was a thi n a t tendance to-day, and the supply of wheat was principally of this year's growth. Prices must be noted 2s to 3s per qr lower. Spring corn very dull. Wheat, white. ...... 46s 56s Beans, Mazagan 30s 335 red. ........42s 52s middle & small 358 420 Barley ............. —5 Oats ........ —s Peas, white 40s 4 23 . ...... 20s 26s gray 35s 385 CHELMSFORD—AuG. 7. At this corn exchange to-day there was a large quantity of new wheat brought in, in tolerably good condition, but merchants were cautious of making purchases, and p r iceS may be quoted 2s to 3s lower. In spring corn there was no alteration. Wheat, old white 30s 52s new 47s 51s old red 36a 47s new — s — s Barley 2Bs 36s Chevalier 2Bs 408 Grinding 22s 31s Ma1t..... 6 ls 67s Chevalier ... 64s 698 Oats 2os 28s Yeas, Partridge_ 37 s 40s White 39 s 406 Boiling • 40 s 43s Dun 33s 3 65 Ditto new —s .....6 Beans, Tick, old 348 39s new —s — 0 Harrow Ticks 3ss 40s new —s — 0 Mazagan 3os 388 ' KIRKCALDY GRAIN—Atm. 15. To-day we had a good supply of wheat, fair of oats, but small supplies of barley. Sales slow, at a reduction gene rally of is on previous rates. Wheat. Barley. Oats. First.... 31s 6d 24s Od I 22s Od Second ..39s Od 29 s Od 24s Od Third....—s Od —s Od —s Od COAL Prima of Coal per Ton a 8. d. Carway and Duffryn W alls End. Malting . 12 0 Hell ..End. ...... ....18 0 Walker Primrose 12 9 Tunstall . ........ 16 0 Twifield Mo or 12 6 Hartlepool.. ... 17 6 fanfield Moor Butea, 16 l2 6 East H art l e pool...... 17 Eden Main . 3 Trinadon Hartlepool...l7 t: WWest Hartley ........17 3 South Kelloe.. 16 9 ylam ..............16 6 Hough Hall 16 9 Ships at mark et, 52; sold, 38. ARKET. the olose of the Market. [A.DVERTISEMENT.]--Rolloway's Ointment and Pills. -- Unseemly Eruptions.—No means heretofore discovered are so competent to cope with and conquer all blemishes, boils, eruptions, redness and roughness of the skin, as these cele brated medicaments, which to be praised need only to be known. Holloway's remedies cool the system, regulate the circulation, and so thoroughly purify the whole body, that whatever is hurtful must inevitably be swept away, and succeeded by healthy structures which alone can be derived from rich and pure blood. The cosmetic virtues of this unguent have been long appreciated; no toilet-table is well appointed which lacks its presence. It soothes and cleanses the most fine and tender skin, and, when assisted by Holloway's pills, is the most valuable beautifier. Births. ql6.,thofinastB.o,ha.t Dulwich, the wife of Add- BA p it h E u n s n the 13th inst., at Blackheath, Mrs. John CHANDLER.----n Chandler, of a daughter. DAWSON.—On the 14th inst., at Hatherton Hall, Stafford shire, the wife of Captain R. Pudsey Dawson, of a eon. .B — a ° ke n r, th E e s InVINE. — On the 14th inst., at Castle Irvine, the wife of H. Mervyn D'Arcy Irvine, Esq., of a son and heir. Manages ROBINSON—THOMPSON.On the 14th inst., Henry L. C. Robinson, Lieut. RN., third son of the Ven. Archdeacon oßnolybindsoanu,gDhieDr.,obilasTtheromofasthTe Thompson, :o chnstina, the R.N. WA,IT D —DEARSLEY.—On the 15th inst., at St. C P a e p t t e a r' il : Church, New North -road, Henry Wau, Esq., cannon; street W,, and road, to Anne, second (laugh ter of ii, Dearsley, Esq., of Lower Thames-street. BOWERTIANK—On the Dl6etahthirsts. t, at Stoke Newi n gton' green, E. S. B owetbank, Esq. CIIAPMAN.—On the 14th inst., at Tillotson-place, Henry Chapman, Esq., aged 94. Gi uRAAL—O n the 15th inst., at 16, Chapel-street, Bel" grave-square, James Graham, Esq. HARCOURT.—On the 14th inst., at Swinton-park, York shire, Admiral Octavius Vernon Harcourt, aged 69. HERRING.—On the 15th inst., at 40, Aldersgate-streets suddenly, Mr. James Herring, aged 61. NIOORE.—On the 15th inst., at Brighton, Joseph 'William Moore, Esq. STON74.—On. the 16th inst., Mr. Nicholas Stone of Wood bine Cottage, Albion-road, Holloway, aged 95 London : Printed and Pub!ishedbyWlLLlA.l%l of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tim SUN Office No. 112=' Strand, in the Precinct of t h e (3 avoy, in the County " Middlesex—Tuesday, August 18, ~1803. a. d.