The Sun. — London, England, 1830-05-05 00:00:00

c OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. Th spirited debate which took place on Monday a. gl,t in the House of Commons, on the estimates being brought forward, redounds greatly to the credit of the Members who had patriotism enough to speak out, and firmness enough to proclaim their resolution manfully to resist encroachments on the public purse. Such men as Mr. Gordon and Lord Althorp deserve well of their constituents and the country at large. But what must the nation think of its representatives, when not even 40 Members were to be found in the House at the close of its proceedings, when hundreds of thousands were voted away ? Not unconnected with this subject ara the following letters from James I. to the Lords, touching the abatement of his Majesty's household charge. They were read at the Board of Green Cloth, on the 12th of November, 1617: " My Loans,-No worldly thing is so precious as time. Ye know what task I gave you to work upon during my absence, and what time was limited unto you for the per formance thereof. This same Chancellor of Scotland was wont to tell me twenty-four years ago that my house could not be kept upon epigrams : long discourses and fair tales will never repair my estate. Omnis virtute in ustione consistit. Remember that I told you the shoe must he made for the foot; and let that be the square of all your proceedings ;n the business. Abate superinities in all things, and multitudes of unnecessary officers, wherever they way be placed ; but for the household, wardrobe, and pension., cut and carve as many as may agree with the possibility of my means. Exceed not your own rule of fifty thousand pounds fur the household : if you can make it less, I will account it for good service : and that you may see I will not spare mine own person, I have sent with this bearer a note of the superfluous charges con cerning my month, having had the happy opportunities of this messenger in an errand so nearly concerning hip place. In this I expect no answer in word or writing, but only the real performance, for a beginning to relieve the out of my miseries. For now the ball is at your feet, and the world shall bear me witness that I have put you fairly to it ; and so, praying God to bless your labours, bid you heartily farewell. " Your own, " JAMES 11." "Mr LORDS,—I received from you yesternight the bluntest letter that I think ever King received from his Coune:l. Ye write that the Green Cloth will do nothing, and ye offer me no advice. Why are ye Councillors, if ye offer no council ? An ordinary messenger might have brought me such an answ, r. It is my pleasure that my charges be equal with my revenue; and it is just and ne cessary so to be; for this is a project must be made, and one of the main branches thereof is my house. This pro ject is but to be offered unto you ; and how it may be better laid than toagree with my honour and contentment, ye are to advise upon, and then have my consent. If this cannot be performed without diminishing the number of tables, diminished they must be ; and if that cannot serve, two or three must be thrust in. one. If the Green Cloth will not mike a project for this, some other must do it. If ye cannot find them out, I must only remember two things ; the time most no more be lost, and that there are twenty ways of aba , ement besides the House, if they be well looked into. And so farewell. '' JAMES R." (Times.) Lord Mountcashel submitted, last night, the mo tion respecting the state of the established churches of England and Ireland, from which so much in the way of discussion was anticipated. The bench of Bishops, it would seem, think it dangerous to en courage questions of reform, by the courtesy of a little notice, and the motion was disposed of in silence. His Lordship will find that the more any church requires reform, the more will its members he indisposed to reform. It would be strange, in deed, if a Bishop found fault with a state of things which enables hire to pocket 30,0001. a year, and to provide for sons and daughters, because the curates have a shilling a day less than a bricklayer, and only a sixpence a day more than an Irish hodman. If ' the church be wise it will always act this prudent part. They who have the law on their side do not require other arguments, and the best way to silence opponents is to leave them unanswered. The Bible is very well as an emblem on the title-page of John Bull ; but a rich establishment ought not to encou rage a too frequent reference to its contents. Lord Mountcashel is evangelically disposed, and does not see that in the union of Church and State the great object is to make the wealth of the church subser vient to the purposes of the State. Bribery end l aprruption are indispensible to the existence of the State —that State which supports Bishops and which Bishops support ; and yet his Lordship would, without ceremony, cut up the sources of corruption, merely bedulse it is at valiance with the Gospel.— An event has lately excited some attention on the Continent. The parish of Gall-neukirchen, in Austria, went over to the Protestant faith. A Mission of the Order of Redemptorists, or Ligue rians, was sent from Vienna to recover the flock, if possible; and as the Heretics appealed constantly to the Bible, one of the Priests, in a sermon, frankly declared that the Bible is a work of Satan. Our Bishops ought to take courage from such examples, e oei tell Lord Mountcashel and his brother Evan gelicals, that the Christianity of the Gospel is not euited for our times.—Murning Chronicle. The second reading of the Beer Bill was carried last night by a majority of 245 to 28. Mr. Cal craft did ample justice to the services of the pub licans and country brewers in preventing tippling, by rendering beer unpalatable. He seems to think that the appiehensions of the old publicans are not without foundation, for the Bill he thinks will im prove the qualify of beer, and consequently increase the temptation to tipple. The principles of the poor will be sapped by good ale. They were proof against swipes; but good ale would corrupt even an anchorite.—Morning Chronicle. The conversation last night in the House of Com mons, on the presentation of a petition from a number of bankers, merchants, and other inhabi tants of Liverpool, by Mr. Huskisson, stating that in their opinion the civil disabilities under which the Jews laboured were as contrary to the spirit as they were injurious to the interests of Christianity, forms e m, instructive comment on the opposition of Go verneeent to the emancipation of the Jews. Mr. Ilueltiseon stated that the petition was signed by tatif4Ve 2,00 persons, among whom were compre hended not only the Mayor of Liverpool, and many members of the Corporation, but ever] banker, and almost every merchant of weight in the town. It I,y4e ,also signed by several Clergymen of the Church cif F e tiglend. An Hon. Friend of his, he added, had told him that he had never known any petition front Liverpool more numerously and respectably signed. General Gascoigne agreed fully with his Right Honourable Colleague, that for many years no pe tition had been more numerously and respectably Signed. But General Gascoigne frankly admitted ;bat he was a lover of exclusion. " The principles (he paid) which induced him to oppose the intro duction of the Roman Catholics into an entire par ticipation of the civil privileges of their fellow-sub jects equally operated on his mind with reference to she Jews. He allowed that his Right Honourable Friend acted consistently with the principles which ;10:Inced him to vote for Catholic Emancipation in eupperting the Emancipation of the Jews." Gene ve) Gascoigne, no doubt, considers a Constitution as good in proportion as it is exclusive. The British Constitution would have been admirable if its privi leges had been confined to members of the Church of England; less admirable when Dissenters were Admitted to an equality of rights; still less admi rable when the Catholics were admitted; and he, no doubt, feels that an Establishment would be (It weeded if there were no class to trample under foot. Mr. Huskisson thought that those who had voted against the Catholics might consistently support the Bill for the Emancipation of the Jews. If reason be allowed to have any influence in the matter, them can be no question that the claims of the Jews are greatly superior to the claims of the Catholics. Many persons opposed the Catholics, because they owe allegiance to a foreign head, who has never renounced claims utterly irreconcilable, if enforced, with the obedience of subjects to their respec tive Governments. It is true these claims, though not renounced formally, are not the less ta citly abandoned, just as the Presbyterian Church of ,'Scotland has tacitly abandoned the persecuting doc trines of the Confession of Faith, though the Clergy have not the courage to expunge them. The Ce tholic church is besides a body which often conies into collision with the civil power, especially in Pro testant Governments, as any man may see who looks into any of the Ecclesiastical Journals published in Germany. We by no mutes mean to say that the peculiarities of the Catholic church furnish any good ground for subjecting the Catholics to civil dieabi- Ries. We merely allude to them to show that there is a show of argument against the claims of the Catholics, while there is none against the claims of the Jews. The Jews acknowledge no foreign su perior ; the Jews never give any opposition to Go vernments; they are the most peaceable of all sub jeets. The defects of the Jewish character can all he traced to the injustice of the various Govern ments under which they live. As subjects, a Go vernment not Christian would unquestionably pre fer them to Christians, because they are without the proselytising and quarrelsome spirit which, in practice at least, seems to cleave to all Christian sects. The Jews seem to have no wish to make pro selytes. 'Whether their principles allow them to adopt persons not of Hebrew blood, we know not ; but, at all events, they evince no anxiety to adopt strangers. Accordingly, therefore, to every admit ted principle, the Jews have much stronger claims to the privileges of citizens than Catholics. lye should, therefore conceive that the opposition to the Jews would be confined to the bigotted few who objected to the Catholic on religious grounds. We should have been more astonished at the opposition of the Government to the claims of the Jews, if the present administration had not shown, both in the case of the Dissenters and the Catholics, that they were not governed by a principle or a love of justice, but by fear and expediency. Mr. Peel admitted that it was no longer safe to refuse to admit the Catholics within the pale of the Constitution. The Duke of Wellington said he was not afraid of the Catholics, but be had a great horror of civil war. There was no admission on the part of Ministers that Civil Government is not instituted for the purpose of favouring any particular religious op;mons, but for the purpose of protecting the members of the Social Union against foreign and domestic violence, and that a Government is only warranted in interfering with any religious bodies when their principles are destructive to the peace and interests of society. If the Quakers were to be numerous in any country the Govern ment would have a right to interfere with them, be cause no man is entitled to the benefits of the so cial union who refuses to share the common danger; and in Pennsylvania, where the Quakers were nu merous, they actually caused very great embarrass ments to the Americans in the war of the Revolu tion. But Ministers never admitted the right of every citizen to choose his religious opinions for himself, subject to the above limitations, without depriving himself of his civil rights. They have' never renounced the principle that persecution is in itself bad. They merely admit that persecution may not always be expedient. The Catholics are too numerous to be persecuted ; the Dissenters are also too numerous and wealthy, and the sup porters of Ministers plainly told them that a vote against the Dissenters would be resented at the next election, and that it was cruel to them to ask them to do what would in many cases throw them out, and in almost all cases subject them to great addi tional expence. But the Jews are so small a body, that the principle of persecution, need not be aban doned on this account. 'The Duke thinks like a soldier in these matters—considering opinions only important in proportion to the number who maintain them. Of course he thinks it not worth his while to gratify those who delight in perse cution, for the sake of a handful of Jews. But ours is a Christian Legislature! In the same way the Governments of South Ametica say, ours is a Catho lic Legislature. The principle is precisely the same. No toleration for Schismatics, said the Scotch Pres byterians, till toleration was crammed down their throats by a British Parliament. And after all, who are Christians? The Church of Englandman de nies that the Unitarian is a Christian; he maintains that whoever does net believe in the Trinity, original sin, atonement, &c., is not a Christian. So that the oath of a Christian means nothing. If the oath of an honest man were to be the watchword, what thief would claim to be within the rule ? The Jews are few in number, but the principle of which the Jews are contending is of vast importance. We re joice to see that the question is viewed in this light throughout the country. Our only security from the evils of persecution is in the spnit of the country. They who would persecute the Jews, because they think them unable to resist, would per secute others if they thought they could safely do so. When it is seen that in Liverpool, London, Bristol, and all the areat towns of the empire, the respectable inhabitants are every where coming forward in behalf of the Jews; the narrow and illibe ral spirit, which only waits a fit opportunity to dis play itself in all its odiousness, may yield that to prudence which it would not yield to higher consi derations.—Mornin,g Chronicle. • The attention cf the House of Lords was last night almost exclusively occupied by Lord Mount cashel, who presented the Cork petition, and moved for the appointment of a Commission to inquire whether any or what abuses exist in the established church of England and Ireland. The speech of the Noble Earl was plausible, moderate in character, and in its general tenor unexceptionable ; but in these respects it little coincided with his concluding pro position. We believe the aim and intentions of the Noble Earl to be the best, and that he is actuated by a sincere regard to the interests of religion, but the appointment by Parliament of a lay Commission, with power to investigate the affairs of the church, reform her discipline, and regulate her revenues, would, so far from tending to advance those interests, more probably lead to the total overthrow of the church and the destruction of all religion. Such a Commission once instituted, a recurrence of the times of Charles I. would not be far distant. In novation, under the hypocritical plea of needful re form, would soon reduce religion to a mere name, while anarchy and confusion would take the place of order and legitimate Government. The Noble Earl, as we yesterday ventured to hope, abstained from entering into details or citing particular instances of abuse. Experience having probably taught him cau tion, he offered no provocation to any of the Right Reverend Prelate's reply, and his general arguments needed no reformation. So strong and unanimous was the feeling of the House upon his proposition —so general was the conviction of its inexpediency and danger, that no one Peer or Prelate deemed it necessary to advance a word in opposition, and the motion was negatived without a division. The course adopted by Lord Mountcashel is matter of congratulation, since the judgment of the Upper House has thus been more onequivocally expressed than would otherwise have been the case. The result has mere than equalled our most sanguine an ticipation, and cannot bat afford general satisfaction to the well-disposed throughout the country. — Morning Post. A correspondent has called our attention, in a letter which will be f, und in another column, to a motion made by Mr. Hume in the House of Com mons on Monday night, for leave to bring in a Bill to prevent the necessity of the renewal of commis sions and patents, and the payment of fees there upon, in the event of a demise of the Crown, and upon the succession of all future Kings and Queens of these realms. Some discussion arose upon this motion, of which little notice has been taken in the papers; for it appears it was carried on in so low a tone of voice by the Members who followed Mr. Hume, that it was rendered inaudible, or nearly so, to the reporters in the gallery. The motion was an important one, and well deserving of being enter tained by the House of Commons, especially at a time when it has become fashionable with Legisla tors, and even with Ministers of the Crown, to en courage innovation rather than venerate antiquity, and when we hear so much of the spirit of improve ment which is to regulate and purify our usages and institutions. Formerly, upon the demise of the Crown, all commissions and patents were ipso facto vacated, and the parties were obliged, of course, to have them renewed, and pay the fees of office on their renewal. By a statute of Queen Anne, commissions and patents were allowed to be v did six months after the demise of the Crown, at the expiration of which period the pre- cese of renewal became necessary. The 'pay meat of the fees on those occasions is a very 11 great grievance to the subject ; but it is a griev ance in which some high functionaries have so beneficial an interest, that it is not likely to be soon surrendered to the modern zeal for improve ment;—such a propitiatory offering to the " spirit of the age" would cost those who are interested in its preservation too dear. Accordingly, Mr. Hume's proposition was any thing but popular with the dig nitaries of office and the supporters of the present liberal Administration. The Chancellor of the Ex chequer did not attempt to meet it on any ground of reason, or justice, or policy, but he put it to the delicacy of the Hon. Member for Aberdeen not to press the motion at the present time; and the Whig Attorney-General made a similar appeal. There was, at least, some Parliamentary tact in this way of evading the question, for it went upon the supposition that the motion, although a general one, and applicable to all future demises of the Crown, had reference only to a particular event, which every loyal subject wishes to be as remote as possible. Mr. Hume denied that, in bringing forward the motion, he was liable to any im putation of a want of delicacy. He defended his measure, as not having a particular, but a general application, and adverted to the inconvenience and hardship to which naval end military officers, and others holding patents and commissions at the plea sure of the Crown, were liable on the accession of every new Sovereign. In answer to this, the Chau cellor of the Exchequer alluded to the statute of Queen Anne, and observed, that all patents and commissions would continue to be valid for six months after a demise of the Crown, and during that period there would, on the happening of such a contingency, be ample time to submit to the House a proposition of this nature. But although, as was remarked by Mr. O'Connell, the Parliament could sit for six months after the accession of a new Sovereign, yet he might dissolve it immediately if he pleased, and so the commission or patent would expire without any opportunity being af forded of bringing forward such a motion; besides, on the happening of the demise, the parties who had a legal right to the fees would then have a " vested interest" in them, and no such question could be raised. Mr. Hume offered to withdraw the motion if the Chancellor of the Exchequer, or any other Minister, would give him a pledge that, in case of a demise, a sufficient opportunity would be given to pass a Bill, founded on such a motion, before the end of six months. No such pledge was given—the motion was put, and had no other effect than causing the House to be "counted out," as it is called, there being but 24 Members present, so attentive are the representatives of the people to the performance of the great public duties to which they are so ambitious to be dele gated ! In the course of the discussion, which was conducted almost the whole time in a series of whispers, the Attorney-General took occasion to observe, that the party most interested in the fees was the Clerk of the Crown. We believe the Right Honourable Gentleman himself and the Lord Chancellor are as much interested in those perquisites of office as the Clerk of the Crown, and possibly more so. Though the fees payable on naval and military commissions may go to a public fund, and not to an individual, as stated by Mr. Croker, yet all others, we believe, are shared by the Attorney-General and the other per sonages whom we have named. W 7 hy should Ma gistrates, the patentees of useful inventions, and others, be put to the expense of getting their corn missions and patents renewed, when the emoluments go into the pockets of individuals, and the legnilised exaction is riot excused by being made available to the purposes of the public revenue ? There is no reason for this, but because the custom is an old one; and yet where men in power derive no interest from objectionable practices, however interwoven with the frame of our ancient Constitution, their amiquiry is not held to render them sacred arid inviolable. In making this motion, Mr. Hume was not without a prece dent, as he himself showed, for his proposition only differed from a similar one brought in by Mr. Pon sonby in 1817, in not being limited, as that was, to a particular event, but intended to apply to all fu ture cases, and abolish this unjust impost for ever. It is the maxim of the English Constitution that the King never dies. The Sovereign of England has a political immortality ; why then should his na tural demise have any such effect upon his official acts, as to cause his commissions and patents to be annulled ? The answer is, that it gives an oppor tunity to certain persons in authority to reap an abun dant harvest of fees. It it werea barren and tmprofitable dogma of political law, no resistance would be made to its abolition—nor would the Chancellor of the Exchequer or the Attorney-General appeal to the delicacy of the mover, in whispers as gentle and in distinct as if they feared to touch a chord that would vibrate harshly in the public ear.—Morning Herald. The war between the distillers of rum and the distillers of British spirits is still carrying on with a vigour on both sides, which shows not only that se rious apprehensions are entertained of the eiftcts of the measure proposed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, but that the parties are determined to fight to the last for their respective interests. We consider these apprehensions as, in a great measure groundless, and are not, therefore, inclined to take any stronger part on either side than merely declar ing, that the interest of the mother country, if it can at any time be fairly separated from her interest M her colonies, ought to preponderate in the settlement of the question—a question, however, which is more a matter of taste, on the part of the public, without a greater increase.of duty on British spirits, than a matter of revenue. Those who prefer whiskey, or gin, or British brandy, or any other original or compound spirit, to rum, will not be de terred, by the increase of duty, from indulging their taste; and, on the other hand, those who prefer rum would care little for a discriminating shilling being laid upon it. These observations would not, of course, apply to the imposition of a hravy di►- criminating duty in either case; but in the present Instance, the advance on British spirits is so small as to be almost undeserving of consideration. We give the following extract from a pamphlet on this subject, which has been written with a view of stating both sides of the question, by Mr. Alexander MPonnell:— IC DISTILLER. The power of production by the Colonies is unbound ed; and if a great incentive be given to that production, rum will he pouted in upon us in such quantities that the sale of 13ritish spirit will be completely superseded. There are now 20,000 puncheons in the West India Docks—a proof of the wonderful capabilities of its production. For many years it has been underselling corn-spirit, to the great reduction of our profits; and, notwithstanding this inferiority of price, its supply has increased in the only market to which it concern s us to refer. Our opposition, therefore, to a further increase is expedient, justifiable, and well-grounded. " WEST IND IA PLANTER. " There is not an article in the wnole range of British commerce so limited in the power of production as rum. It is completely dependent upon the ext en t o f sugar culti vation, and that cultivation is annwilly decreasing, and cannot be extended without a revival of the slave trade.— molasse s i s requ i red, and f i n d s profitable rlrti ; no sale,f our n the Briti s h N ort h A mer i can theA large t p Provinces. It would take an advance far beyond any to be anticipated, from the British market to supersede this trade. Besides, rum cannot be manufactured without stills, buildings, and apparatus, the erection of which, in the colonies, requires great tune and expence. No planter, who has not already a distillery on hi s estate, would venture on such an additional outlay, unless rum advanced to almost double the present price; and if it did so, your argument meets a signal defeat, because you would then have nothing to dread from competition. " Distillation from sugar can never take place in the West Indies. In distilling from sugar in this country, one hundred weight of sugar will yield about nine imperial gallons of spirit ; but in the West Indies, from inferior stills, and under a heat of eighty degrees, the produce of spirit will not be more than eight gallons. r. d. The cost of inferior sugar in the colonies, even at the present low prices, is 12s. per cwt., equal to per gallon The freight and charges The expense of distilling cannot be less than Making in a 11...... 3 2 or 10d. more than the cost of distilling corn. spirit. " All your apprehensions, therefore, in respect to in creased importations of rum are entirely groundless." Morning Advertiser. MARKET INTELLIGENCE. LONDON MARKETS. (Frern the London New Price Currest of y.ettrday.) Sutaaea-There were considerable supplies of new Mus covades last week, and as the first arrivals are generally good Sugars, they sold freely at very full market prices ; the estimated purchases were 2,800 hhds. and trs., which with 21,000 bags Mauritius reported sold, forms an exten sive business for one week ; the prices are without varia tion. The stock of Sugar here is 13,409 hhds. and trs., being 755 more than last year; the stock of Mauritius is 95,973 bags, being 32,702 more than in 1829. The de liveries of Sugar continue large ; last week 3,090 hhds. and tra., being 107 more than last year ; the delivery of Mauri tius 9,984 bags, being 7,544 more than in 1829. This morning the inquiries after good new Sugars continued general, and as the landings are now considerable, there was a better supply than for same weeks past ; at the dos of the day the estimated sales were 1,000 hhds. and trs. a full prices. The Refined Market last week was very ins dequately supplied with goods, either for export or home consumption, otherwise the purchases would have been ex tensive; there is little alteration in the prices, the buyers waiting the event of the expected supplies in a week or two, as the refiners are at full scot k ; the goods most in demand on account of their scarcity, are goods for tip Double Refined Bounty and Lumps, 745. a 775. ; crushed are in some request. Molasses higher. This afternoon there is no ilteration. Folmar: SUGARS.-A considerable proportion of the Havannah taken in, was purchased at full sale prices, in ferior soft white 325. a 365., fine 41s. a 435. 6d., and by private contract 450 boxes brown Havannah sold at 249., good and fine white Pernams 30s. a 335., low to middling soft Rio 245. a 28s. 6d. This day at the Brazil Sugar sale all the sound was taken in, no offers near the market prices ; the quality was very good. EAST INDIA SUGAR.--This week 21,000 bags Mauri tius were offered at public sale, and disposed of at full market prices till Friday, when a reduction of Is. per cwt. took place. This day 3,405 bags Mauritius Sugar by public sale. The fine sold at very high prices, fine s9+. a 595. 6d. ; the descriptions under 50s. sold heavily at a reduction of s. per cwt. COFFEE.-There were few public sales of Coffee last week on account of the short supplies at Market, and the determination of the buyers not to purchase to any extent till the arrivals are more general; one cargo of Jamaica new Coffee has been brought forward, chiefly middling de scriptions ; it went cff much about the prices at which the cargo had been estimated. Generally the Coffee Market is steady. This day, by public sale, 2,605 bags Brazil, 1,403 bags East India, 140 casks 6 bags British Planta tion ; the Brazil nearly all disposed of at or after the sale at full Market prices, good ordinary 325. 6d. a 335., up to 365. and 375. fcr very fine ordinary ; Sumatra and Batavia sold Is. lower, 265. 6d. and 325. ; the British Plantation was all Demerara and Berbice, and was sold at a reduction of 5s per cwt., middling 545. a 575. COCOA.-After the public sale of Cocoa last week about 400 bags were placed, good 15s. a 17s. ; a parcel of new Trinidad, good quality, has been sold at 425. This day 16S barrels Trinidad red Cocoas, fine quality, sold at 455. Run, BRANDY, AND HOLLANDS.-The purchases of Rum have been confined to a few favourite marks of Ja maica at 35., and a few very strong 3s. a 3s. 4d. ; a small parcel of Leewards four and five over at Is. 11d.- Brandy and Geneva are without alteration. This mot n ing there are some inqu i ries for Rum for export, but the buyers appear inclined to wait further supplies. The de liveries of Rum last week were 1,220 puns. and hhds., of which 891 were for home consumption. NEW SPIRIT DUTY.-The West India planters have requested that a deputation of distillers and planters should state their claims before the Chancellor of the Exchequer and the other Ministers, and if this should be declined, they will beg a Committee of the House of Commons for the purpose of investigating the question between the West India planters and distillers should be granted. We hare read the different statements of the parties with great attention, and the question becomes a very simple one, as both declare they wish for no favour,-only to be pl iced on a footing of competition. The English distillers place the high price cf corn, the prohibition of cheap Foreign Batley, and the Excise regulations, against all the calcula tions of the different expenses incurred by the West India distillers : these calculations are of the simplest kind, and the matters of fact to be proved lie within a very narrow compass. HEMP, FLAX, AND TALLOW.—The Tallow Market is much more firm on account of the high price at Peters burgh, and the alteration in the Exchange. In Hemp or Flax there is no material alteration. The letters from St. Petersburgh are dated the 13th ult. Exchange 10 7-16. Tallow 92 a 93. SPICES.—This day at public sale 733 bags Black Pepper, the whole sold 3d. a 3id., at a reduction. WooL.—There is little alteration in Wool ; the Market is dull, the trade being in some measure affected by the general uncertainty as to the health of the King, and the change it may produce in the manufactures of the country for the next six months ; the stocks of the manufacturers of Wool are, however, so reduced, that a revival of the demand is expected, particularly as there is little accumu lation of stock from recent arrivals. Ricr.—ln Rice there is little alteration ; Carolina a shade higher. By public sale 349 bags Batavia Rice taken in at Ss. 6(1. SALT? ET R E.—The last sales are at the inserted quotations. Corros.—The Cotton Market has become exceedingly dull, and the prices are again a shade lower. The sales are only about 100 bags. IN nico.—Since the conclusion of the India House sale, there has been a better demand for Indigo, and the market looks more firm. COCWINEAL.—By public sales 98 serous Cochineal, nearly all sold about 3d. per lb. lower ; Black 10s. a I Is. 4d. ; Silver 9s. a 9s. 9d. ; Foxey Bs. 10d. a 9s. CASSIA LIGNEA.—By public sale '755 chests Cassia Lignea, mid. quality, sold 645. a 665. FRUIT.-Fruit is held with more firmness. Currants and lied Fruit have been sold at Is. advance. Ous.—Common Oils are in good demand, and rather higher. TEA.-There is nothing new in the market since our last, but the operations of the last few days have been more limited. IRISH PROVISIONS.-Beef and Pork are very dull. Bacon is without variation. Butters are dull and rather lower, on account of the new being offered at a small re duction fur arrival ; for new Cork 104 is asked. COUN VitY CORN MARKETS DURING THE WEEK. Wheat. Per Quarter, s. to 8. Is.to s. s. to 8. 8. to 5. Boston 30 22 37 Gainsborough Grantham 60 7U 24 35 18 24 26 34 Grimsby..--, . 51 63 22 31 18 24 26 3t florneastle--... . 45 52 25 32 15 20 30 48 Lincoln Spilsby Stamford 57 72 32 35 20 23 31 :- York-- 52 72 24 40 17 26 31 41 NORWICH. May 1. Our market was pretty well supplied with Wheat, for which the demand was limited, and prices gave way about I s . per quarter. Barley continues to be scarce, and has again advanced Is. per quarter. Oats fully maintain former prices. Beans are Is. to 2s. per quarter dearer. Pease are scarce, hut no advance is obtained. Flour is dull sale at present, hut as the stocks are getting very low, we antieiptte a regular demand. Wheat (per qr.) Ms. 6Ss. '72s. Beans (per qr.). ..... ... 30s. SG.% Barley Oats 24s. 30s. 325. Flour, fine (per sack) 51s. 535. CANTERBURY. May 1. We had a very dull market this day, and Wheat wa% from Is. to 2s. per quarter cheaper. In other Grain we note no alteration. iNheat, white 6os. to 755. red Barley, Malting...... 283. to 325. Oats Beans 22s. to 5t5....... Old 33a. to 40s. Pease 32s. to 335. EXETER iA It ICE I S —April 30. Beef (score) ......... Vs. 6d. 10, Od. wheat (busnel) 85. Od. 9s. 6d. Mutton (113 ) ....... .0 s—o 6 Barley 3 9—4 6 Veal and tamb....o 4—o 7 Oats 2 6—3 6 I', rk 0 4—o 6 Beans 5 o—s 6 Geese (e.O 11) .. . ..... 4 o—s 0 Butter (Ib) 1 2—l 3 Ducks (coup e) ....3 o—4 6 Eggs (22) 0 o—l 0 Fowls 'I o—4 0 Potatoes (peck) ...1 o—l 2 Barley. I Oats. Beans. OPENING OF THE CANTERBURY RAIL-ROAD. On Monday this important local undertaking was brought into operation, and the rail-road to Whit stable opened for the purposes of business. The work has been five years in progress. The whole length is between six and seven miles, and runs bract to Whitstable. There is a tunnel, 822 yards in length, carried through the Brethren Hills, which cost 13,0001. The first four miles are constructed upon an inclination of one foot in 90, down which waggons travel at the velocity of 25 miles in an hour, merely from receiving the impulse of one man's exertions. The remaining distance, three miles, is a level, and here the waggons are attached to a lo comotive steam-engine. The immense advantages which this district will derive from the facility of transmission may be anti cipated from the circumstance that coals alone will experience a reduction of Gs. a chaldron for carriage. Passengers also will be conveyed for 9d. per head in twenty minutes—the usual time in land conveyance being nearly two hours. The. Company have also in contemplation to establish a steam-conveyance to the metropolis, for which it is proposed to charge only 6s. At an early hour the road was thronged; by eleven o'clock the procession began to form. The most judicious arrangements were entered into to prevent accidents, and secure the public safety, constables being stationed at proper distances to prevent persona from walking upon the road and embankments. These precautions were most judi cious, the previous experiments, four in number, having been attended with loss f human life. Ten carriages were now placed on the rail-road. The first contained the Directors, and the second the Civic dignities. The remaining eight were filled with elegantly dressed females and bands of music. They were drawn at a safe pace to the engine -house, from whence the Directors and band returned with six waggons, loaded with the first merchandise de livered from the railway. Ten more carriages were then linked to the other ten, and the whole con tained about 240 persons, who proceeded rapidly over the plain to Clowes Wood, where they were yoked to the engine, and drawn with great pomp to Whitstable. After waiting a short time, the whole train returned to Canterbury, and a large party ad journed to the King's Head, and sat down to a sumptuous dinner. MURDER NEAR GILMERTON : UNPRE CEDENTED ATROCITY. (Abridged from the North Briton.), We have been for some time in possession of the leading facts and circumstances in this case, but the details communicated to us were of a nature so monstrous and so revolting, far exceeding indeed any atrocity, however diabolical, with which the history of crime had previously made us acquainted, that the story appeared to us to be grossly exag gerated, if not altogether unworthy of unbelief; and therefore we resolved to content ourselves with merely giving place to a short paragraph copied from a contemporary print, stating in very general terms that a murder, accompanied with circum stances of a shocking and brutal description, had been committed, until we should have an opportu nity of personally examining into the truth of the dreadful details which had been transmitted to us. This examination we have accordingly made with all the care and attention possible, and the following details, part of which are necessarily consigned to a dead language, will, if we are not greatly mistaken, add a new page even to the blackest chapter in the annals of crime and murder : The unhappy victim whose miserable fate we are about to record was called Margaret Paterson. At the period of her death, Margaret Paterson was about 35 years of age. She was formerly a servant in Edin burgh, and while in that capacity had, as we are in formed, conducted herself with great propriety. Lat terly, however, she had taken to the trade of hawk ing lace in and about Edinburgh, and unhappily contracted a great penchant for liquor, which had very much alienated from her the affections of her relatives. At the same time we have been assured that she was not habitually given to liquor; and, as an evidence of this, it was stated to us that she was remarkably Peat and cleanly in her person, of which, indeed, she appears to have been somewhat vain, in consequence of being regarded by those of her own class as " strapping " and handsome. On Saturday, the 17th ult., at a pretty late hour in the evening, this unfortunate woman set out from Edinburgh for Dalkeith. On her way she came up with two Gilmerton carters, whom she afterwards stated to be persons of the names of Dobie and Thomson, on their return home with their carts. She never saw these persons before, and suppo►ing that they belonged to Dalkeith, asked them for a ride, offering them a dram by way of compensation. They told her they were going round to Gilmerton, and proposed conveying her to that place, provided she would give them some whisky. The unfortunate woman agreed to this proposal, and the parties in consequence adjourned to a public-house near the toll-bar, where the car ters called and paid for two gills, and Margaret Paterson for an equal quantity, which was all drunk. They then set out for Gilmerton. About half an hour past midnight, Dingwall, a quarrier, found Thomson's horse and cart at his door unattended. The animal had evidently returned with the cart alone. Seeing nobody near, Dingwall proceeded to unloose the horse, which he put into the stable; and on coming out he looked into the cart, where he observed a woman's shawl, a bundle,and some other articles, which were afterwards ascertained to be the property of Margaret Paterson. He then set out, accompanied by a boy, for Libberton Kirk, but he had proceeded only a short way when he met Thomson. As soon as Dingwall iecognezed Thom son, he said to him, " You have had a woman in your cart ;" to which Thomson replied, " Oh yes, she is coming up there behind." Dingwall then proceeded to Libberton Kirk, and returned the same way, without discovering any person by the road side. At a later hour in the Sunday morning, that is, between one and two o'clock, a slater, called Ban bury or Bamborough, who had previously gone out with some others along the road towards Edin burgh, to look for a person of the name of Wright, heard, on his return, at a spot close by the mile stone above-mentioned, faint moaniegs and cries of distress, as if proceeding from the field on the other side of the dike. He was at first somewhat startled, but hearing the cries repeated, he imme diately went in the direction whence they appeared to issue, and found a woman lying, not within the field, but in the ditch or gutter by the road side, and close to the fence-wall or dike. He spoke to her, inquiring what was the matter; upon which she asked in a faint voice for water. Banbury thought her "much the worse for liquor," but nevertheless, as a matter of humanity, he had her carried to Gilmerton, where she was laid down at a stair-foo', opposite the eastern extremity of the principal street of the village. It was now dis covered that she was in a state of extreme suffering; and as none of the persons who had collected around Banbury would give her admission, he took her along with him to his own house. Here she sat upon a chair, completely doubled up as it were, with her head resting, or rather hanging, upon her knees, and constantly calling for water, which she drank in large quantities, without being satiated, till between five and six o'clock on Sunday morn ing, when she was persuaded to attempt to proceed to Dalkeith. On going out she exclaimed, " Oh, Peggy Paterson, this is the last of you now." During her stay in Banbury's, she complained much of internal pain, but blamed no one as the cause cf her sufferings. On leaving Banbury's she moved, evidently in a very distressed state, towards the southern extremity of the village ; but being unable to proceed further, she crawled into a field on the east side of the road, immediately behind the cabin of one William Ga lore, where she lay down, and remained until about • eleven o'clock a.m. At this time she was disco. vered in the field, apparently in a dying state, and carried into Galone's house. Here, recovering a little, she asked for a warm, and was placed in 11 , chair by the side of the fire ; but in the afternoon . ;he was, at her own earnest request, put into a bed• When found in the field she was perfectly sober. and collected, and though evidently suffering the most excruciating pain at intervals, gave clear and. distinct answers to the different questions put to her. Being interrogated who the persons were that had abused her, she replied " It's done now • I am a murdered woman ;" but she added, " if I was at Dalkeith with Dr. Morrison, I would have no shame to tell him all ; for I have been sadly abused, and am a murdered woman." While in Galone's, she never of her own accord named the persona who had " abused" her ; but when the carters, in whose company she had been, were mentioned, she admitted they were the individuals who had maltreated her.— She remained in Galone's all Monday, and until five o'clock in the afternoon of Tuesday; but no sur geon was called to her, on account of her concealing, from shame, the nature and extent of the injuries she had sustained. In the course of Tuesday fore noon, she was visited by a respectable inhabitant of Gilmerton, connected with Dalkeith, whom she had expressed a wish to see, in consequence of one of her brothers being in the employ of a near relative of his ; but all that he could gather from what she said was, that the carters, Dobie and Thomson, " stuprum cum ea fecisse, vel polies crimen raptus admisisse ambos," and had afterwards maltreated her by kicks, blows, and otherwise. It was in a cart belonging to this gentleman that she was conveyed to Dalkeith on the evening of Tuesday, accompanied by the wife of Galone, who, at his request, attended her, in case any accident should happen by the way► At this time she must have been in a state that defies all description; for at every jolt of the cart she uttered the most piercing tries, sometimes shrieking outright, as if she bad been stabbed, and at others moaning bitterly, as if life were about to bec.)me extinct. Arrived at Dalkeith, she was put to bed, and Dr. Morrison sent for. On learning from the patient herself the beastly and inhuman treatment she had received, Dr. Morrison proceeded to take the neces sary means for affording her' rel!ef; and as the case was one which had never been paralleled either in the practice of Dr. Morrison or of any other surgeon or physician, Dr. Renton was also called in, and no time lost in removing the more immediate cause of suffering. But all efforts were fruitless. The inju ries inflicted were of themselves sufficient to cause death ; and, besides mortification had already ex tended itself over the greater part of the abdomen'- The miserable sufferer, however, lingered in great agony till three o'clock in the afternoon of Thurs. day, when she expired, retaining the use of her fa culties to the very last moment. A short time be fore her death, her mother having heard her mutter ing something, approached the bedside, when she discovered that the unhappy creature was offering up an earnest prayer to Almighty God for the Pa r ', don of her sins, and the salvation of h er i m morta , soul. A few minutes after this she called her mother, and said, " Oh mother, if you would set me up by the shoulder till I get a mouthful of air, I would be better." 1 he unhappy mother did so, upon which the patient uttered a loud shriek, and instantly expired. After she arrived in Dalkeith, and was visited by the medical gentlemen, Margaret Paterson comnse- Ideated to them the whole particulars of the diaboli cal treatment she had experienced at the hands of the monsters who had violated her person. Fry° all the circumstances, there can be no doubt that the crime was committed, and the fiendish brutalities which followed its commission done in the cart, and that when the incarnate demons, who had contrived to perpetrate two capital crimes at once, approached Gilmerton, they threw their victim cut of the cart, and flung her into the ditch by the wayside, near the milestone, where she was afterwards found by Ban bury and his companions. What follows, we shall use the freedom of stating in another language. Quum ii scelestissimi vehicularii supra dicti omnia nequitim et immanitatis capaces, Diabolo suadente, fceminam etiam supra dictam semel atque iterum, in vehiculo suo constupraverant, procul dubio est, ut in vaginam misserimre, lupides tres, its similes quibus via publica strata est, carbonem, stramentum, grainer' cum spinis quibusdam, injecertint, osse thoracis 1' ut fistuca, utentes : •quo facto, raptores, EteNatia gaudentes, miserrimam e vehiculo dejecerunt et pos' tea corpus exanime in fossam juxta viam publican! abripuerunt. lit plus triduo, id est dum Gilmerton l commorata est, ac etiam usquedum mors finer!fec!t miseriis fcemina haecce intra abdomen suum habult Lapides, carbonem, stramentum, gramen, cum spittle quibusdam, scelestissimis vehiculariis inferta, more nefando, per os thoracis nexilis, ut jam superius dic tum est. Post mortem, dissectione corporis facts, omnia hmc inrenta ant in recto aut in vagina; peri neum its dilaceratum ut ex vagina et recto una tantum cattails facia, quod rarius accidit etiam in patturitione difficilima ; hasmorrhagia fere continua, qua multus sanguis effusus et indusiutn penitus toturn cruore tinctum ; signa violentiae cruribus impressa; atque omnia intra abdomen inflammata. Quibus causis mors baud sero obvettit ut malorum et mise riarum infelicis remedium. The unfortunate victim made a full disclosUre of every timing to the medical gentlemen, whose evi dence will consequently be doubly important; as re ferring, not merely to the nature of the injuries in flicted, but also us containing in effect the dying de claration of the deceased. To her parents she was naturally more reserved. In answer, however, to a question put by her mother as to which of the two carters had used her worse, she replied, " They were both alike." Drunkenness is not only a vice itself, but it is the parei.t of many other vices, and a fruitful source of misery. In the case of this unhappy woman, the eldest of twelve children, and who ought to have show,: an example to the younger branches of the family, it led to another vice, generally united with it in females; and such an effect did her irregular conduct and habits produce upon the mind o f one of her brothers, that, unaLle to brook the scandal and shame, he left this country some time ago, and set sail for Amer:ca. It was this circumstance chiefly that had exasperated her parents against her, and made• them at first refuse her admission into their humble dwelling when brought in the cart from Gilinerton. They - looked upon her not only as having disgraced them by her conduct, but al being the cause of forcing a favourite son to abandon his parents, his connexions, Und h-is country,perhape for ever. Thomson is aged from twenty to twenty-two years, and unmarried ; Dobie, who is about twenty eight years of age, is married, and has two children. On making inquiry as to their previous characters► we learned that neither was considered as hones', and that otherwise they were just such stuff as Ga" merton carters are usually made of, neither much worse nor at all better than the other members of that hopeful fraternity. lIIRTITS. On the Ist inst. at Sandwich, the lady of Lieut. G Sayer, R.N., of a daughter. On the 18th of September, at Bombay, the lady of the 11on. Sir J. Dewar, Of a son. On the 3d inst. the lady of J. Woodhead, Esq. Nall Agent, of a daughter. ___ MARRIED. On the lot inst. in St. Anne's, Dublin, J. F. Clarke, Esq. M.D. Physician to the Forces, to Maria Josephs, eldest daughter of John Nuttall, Esq., Tittour, county Wicklow, and niece t.) the la'e Sir F. Falkener, Bart, M.P. for the county of Dublin. On the 4th inst. at Maidstone, Thomas Seaton, E sq . of the Ordnance Medical Department, to Phoebe, daughter of the late NV. Prentis, Esq., of Rochester. "21 DIED. On the 3d inst. at Peckham, Mr. James Boyer, agca 22, only sur►i►ing eon of the late Mr. Win. Boyer. On the 4th inst. Fanny, the infant daughter of R. G. Whitfield, Esq. of St. Thomas's Hospital. —e PRINTED AND PUBLISHED By MURDO YOUNG, AT THE Stri OFFICE, 112, LON WO. r - 01 I 1 "to IS of Ibi TAI Rh to. Ur. I Mr. r. ( Bo 1d r. I Li' Mr.] Mr. ,; Mr. Idr. J each the la, 1 RO) Aigri LW; ahoy ward Disci 2,49' Rc This Z)po soap TI 56. 6 equal rary price Yc YEA 13y s CO EN. V. Dr. Ju. vol Ju J• M IN prieto that t or He Publi will a 97 - rnild, 'Patio the el are n year. tin ) • a r em efficae Sal nat e Halb e and thr etq e Sold of; stre Ere C'