The Sun. — London, England, 1854-04-10 00:00:00

. - 117 sr , SPORTING NOTES. SHREDS AND PATCHES. I The meeting which is appointed to take place at Har row to-morrow a nd Wednesday will be the first of a i i regular series which is about to be established. The 1 "g Practical experience-of the promoters will donbtless enable them to turn the undertaking to a profitable 4',count, but unless the sport be conducted on a totally different s y s t em f rom th a t genera lly adopted at these , 1 ' metropolitan gatherings," they will lack the enconr aZetnent and support of the turfites. The proceedings . trill, I trust, be regulated by principles cf honesty and i. fait Play, and not Conducted in shameless defiance of 1 4 . 3 "P. Scorn and indignation to aid the purposes of a r '"w dusi2liing indi v iduals. I shall be " down upon th e 1 inmper," to report progress: 1 Mr. Topham's second little-go meeting this season vil take Place at Newton. on Wednesday and Thurs da3', but the programme scarcely possesses sufficient at tractions to induce rnetropolit In speculators to " assist" at the celebration of the liport: Handicaps are as usual It the leading features, but, they will excite little interest. cl. This afternoon the settling of the Epsom accounts will di"be e -ed. Although it will be unus uall y heav y , yet i t Will doubtless be most satisfactorily conducted. Book d 'make rs are t h e pr i nc i pa l l oser s, and indeed throughout t he meeting they scarcely had a "good turn." .0 .Acti ve prepara t ions a re in progress at Newmarket for 1.- t he approaching Craven Meeting. The heath has been It well rolled and bush-harrowed, and the ground is said Le . t ° be i n fi n e going order. The different stables ha've I. °lean bill s o f health, and the supply of sport is likely to Le be lar ger than usual. a, APril 10. A FRESH MAN. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. OYford and Cambridge Club, April 8. trust to your sense of justice to allow me to remi nd you, th a t w h en, i n Th e Sun, of this evening, you speak of a " va l ua bl e pr i v il ege " exerc i se d by the pre sent Archbish o p o f C an t er bury, in appointing to the eße gistrar s hi p of his Prerogative Court, you forget that that a ppointment, ma le in 1849, was made subject to an ; ee n Parliament passed in 1847, providing that "such ee may be altered or abolished by Parliament , with „—„ entitling to compensation the person so appointed." w ° . 11 may easily ascertain the truth of what I state— ,.h u' quite alters the nature of We case.—l am, sir, m obedient humble servant, ROBERT G. M. SUMNER. 2 ) . p CEANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER'S 7 0 ,4 4 ,,t , MOTIVE FOR DOUBLING THE PRO -'4717 AND INCOME TAX. To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. g SIII ,--The Chancellor of the Exchequer has just ob itled an ac t to dou b le the P roperty an d I ncome T ax r the first half of the current financial year, by which he expects to raise an extra sum of over 3,000,0001. within the year, ostensibly for the purpose of meet the expenses of the war. But in last night's tv,axette the re i s an announcement t h a t a sum o f more eao 800,000/, is to be appropriated during the current 'loaner to the purchase of stock by the Commissioners for the reduction of the National Debt, and a telegraphic report just posted on 'Change here states that in conse quence of this announcement there has been a consider 'ele rise in Consols in London to-day. Now, 800,0001. P er quarter is equal to more than 3,000,000 per annum. th e extra amount to be raised by the increased property and • income tax. It appears, therefore, that there is 4 0 1 , rea `lY a surplus revenue sufficient to meet the expenses t he war, and that the Coancellor's real object in doub ling the p ro p er t y an d income t ax h as b een t o fur t•r;sl' tile Commssioners for the Reduction of the Nation'al ht with he l m eans of continuing their purchases in QOvernment Stocks, as in a time of peace, and in this Nva Y to supp or t th e i nterests o f t h e f un dh o ld ers d ur i ng ti tn ;-t„ of war, at the expense of all others classes of the come tax paying portion of the community. The income-tax-paying portion of the public are no m°lll3t perfectly w illi ng t o bear th e ir share of the na tional burdens ; but it is m tin festly unjust to expect t t l i ero to p a y, i n a ddition to this, the whole expense of e Pres en t war , and a further contribution of more t 1144 3,000,0001. per annum towards the reduction of a de bt incurred in former wars. —I am, sir, yours very r espectively, J. B. lianchester, April 8, 1854. USE OF Trf E LANCE. t , TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. lit,--From the kind manner in which you noticed "'Y last letter, I am induoed to request the , insertion of the following on the same subject. i. „ . 112 the second division of the Lance Exercise (against ntr Y) I will again prove the so-called parry of little -r 11° nee. The Lancer attacks a man on foot armed th musket and bayonet, who grasps his piece Kith both hands ; this gives him double power over w eapon, which is equally long as his op -11"ellt'el for the Lancer holds his lance in the re, and offer s b u t h a lf it s l eng th - t o hi s adv e rsary. e weight of the musket would assist the man on foot strike &mil the lance point, and inflict a terrible Rou nd on horse or man. The point s to rear against cavalry or infantry are o f le little use s that I don't believe there is a Lancerin the 14131 / 4 " who would attempt the use of any of them—not istheen ,favourite "port lance and rear point." It may d, "Th e y are not suppose d to go th roug h —e lance exercise in action." Certainly not. But, I ' Lld eti to the use of their weapon, they will do ta : °l3 , e 1 Part of it. So much for the lance in at -01:111g. 'Now, let us see the use of it ih defence. ih , h 7 t he Lance r f orm a g uar d so as to protect his head, 10 7,, or body, or parry a swor d po i n t ? H e cann ot t i t ' e when we compare the firm close guards formed by th af . "° ,hroao, and the powerful and effective parries t a:"" c an be m a d e b y an expert D ragoon , th e i nu tility o f he lance becomes apparent. 1 , M ethinks some one says, " B ut t h ey are f or th e pur ;„(3B6 of pursuing a flying foe." Very good idea that, u all very we ll if they w i ll o b l i g i ngly turn a b ou t and allow. the L ancer t o p r i c k th em i n th e rear. It :It let us take a fair and unprejudiced glance been history. Th e s p ear , l ance , or pik e has 1 . 11 the primiti ve weapon among th e ear ly S 8" of every coun t ry ; and i f so effect i ve , h ow it that it got into disuse as each country progrelle, that during the Peninsular war and at Waterlooe ti ad not a tingle regiment of Lancers in the service, and fr.eroanee b u t a f ew, which, strange to say, they copied a semi -barbarous nation, who had retained that : L P" , Why it was thr own aside is easy to be seen. better knowledge of the use of the sword proved the 1111Periority of the latter, and•caused the lance to be re_ Jetted; and when adopted by our Government it wa be cauti ous l y, as if they d ou b te d i ts use , f or we h ave t four regiments of Lancers in the service. They cer tainly present a smart and imposing appearance ; but as the re is a chanc e of their coming to " hard knocks," I Mvise t hey should be sent out armed with a weapon they shall feel full confidence in using. COUP DE SABRE. STRAND THEATRE. recliercM bill of fare has been prepared for the fre- tinenters of this favourite place of entertainment. The versatile abilities of the Irish comedian, Mr. George il°d son, are to be displayed in a monologue called Pddy's Po r tf o li o, i n which he will introduce, among other things, some of the most popular Irish songs, as well as burlesque imitations of well known actors, voca lists, ventriloquists, and conjurors. . This will be fol lowed by the c l ass i cal gymnastic performances and asto nishing feats of IVlons. Delavine and his two sons. The vocal talent of the dramatic corps, which is by no means inconsiderable, will be rendered available in a piece of alight construction, entitled The Gipsies' Haunt, the ob ject of which is to afford a vehicle for giving some old but always welcome English songs and duets. A series Of dissolving views, with vocal and instrumental music, bill Wind up the amusements. 4: °I CLUB.—The third dinner of the Fox Club, this aB cu, t took pl ace on Saturday evening at Brookes Prese The Ea r l of Ca.roperdown, Earl of Leicester, Lord James Stuart, Mr. Edward Ellice, Mr. J. H. S an g st one, M.P., C o l one l Hon. Robert B o yl e , M.P., St J. ir J. Montague y, Cholinele Mr. Au gus t us K eppe l enso Sir A. K. Macdonald, Lord Sudeley, Mr. tte nry Fred eric k Stephenson, Right Hon. Lord Marcus 11111 , L ntord Saye and Sele, H on. Hamilton Duncan, Viscou Ebrington, Right Hon. Dr. Lushington, Vis count Enfi e ld , E arl of Stafford, L or d Ch arles James l'ox Russell, Right Hon. Sir Robert Adair, Mr. Frede rick Dundas, M.P., Mr. A. W. R o b arts, Hon. Augustus t arrington. WHITTINGTON CUM.—A correspondent says ;—" The numbe r of members and the income of the club during the Past f ew months have been most satisf. For gnarter just e n d e d, the total numberacto ry of members exclusive of life .subscribers, was 1.003 ; total receipts, 6401. 13s. 6d. For the corresponding. period of last Year the subscribers numbered only 768, the receipts being 332/ 108. The income since August has been sufficient to defray all current expenses, and to enable the committee *3 clear of a portion of old liabilities." MABKET NEWS-(THIS DAY.) CORN EXCHANGE. Most of the country markets held on Saturday were rather scantily supplied with wheat, yet the demand for all kinds ruled heavy, at a decline in the quotations'of from 3s to 4s per quarter. Barley was dull, and lower to pur chase. All other articles commanded very little attention. ,The continental markets have been steady for most, grain.. The latest advices from New York state that both grain and flour were in good request on higher terms. Very limited supplies of English grain were received up to our market last week. From abroad, the imports were 24,351 quarters of wheat, 3,924 barley, 37 beans, 11 tares, 4,22 linseed, 5,359 rapeseed, 150 mustard seed, 314 sun dry seeds, 2,500 sacks, and 16,226 barrels of flour. Coastwise from Essex, Kent, &c., the arrivals of wheat fresh up, to-day, were very limited. From the east coast scarcely any supply reached us; whilst the receipts by land carriage were trifling. Notwithstanding that the show of. samples was small, the demand for all kinds, owing to the continuous arrivals from abroad, was in a very inactive state ; indeed, in some instances prices were almost nomi nal, yet they may be quoted from is to 2s per quarter beneath Monday last. For forward delivery next to nothing was doing. We were well supplied with foreign wheat, fresh as well as ex granary. Millers operated with extreme caution ; hence the amount of business doing was limited, and prices were from 2s to, in some instances, 3s per quarter beneath the rates of Monday last. For floating cargoes there was little or no inquiry. Fine barley was comparatively scarce, and in moderate request at full prices. Low and middling parcels sold slowly, and the currencies had a downward tendency. The inquiry for malt was heavy, but we have no actual decline to notice in the quotations. The supply of oats was moderate, and a fair business was doing, at late rates. Beans and peas were in short supply and sluggish re quest, at last week's currency. We had a dull sale for all kinds of flour, and American parcels were fully is per barrel lower. cukutEse y pEK fAirKtttAL DIKASURL. When• —Essex It tent, Red • • new 746 84e oltto.. • ..... .. old 7 is 87- , •itto, White new 76s 88s Ditto •..... old 76s 508 Cori - oil; and Lin coin, Red, old 743 84s oitto new • • • . • 744 84s itve—Old .... • • .. 518 52s Caw • • ..... 803 518 Ba ley—Grinding 35s 383 ,tatting . • • • 3'is 41s . • • 42s 44s 4 at t—Suffolk and Nor folk. • • • • • 71s crown • • ........ 60s 6 . 2 s Cueston and Ware 73s 755 Malt—Chevalier .... 753 to 76 ►tts Yorttshit, and Fee.l 30s 31a Potato 3 s 36- Toughal awl Cork Mack. • 30s 32- Cork, White..... 29s , be Scotch, Feed... . 34s 358 tles.n.s—Tick 43s 52 Pigeons POSR —GPey .••• • • • • 44s 488 %Lapis..• • 47s 5,s •• •• ••• 56s 62s Boilers ••• •••••• sbs 66s telour—Towu•made.• • 68s 70s Suffolk •• •• •• • 60+ 644 ItocktB Norfolk 60s 66s SMITHFIELD. The imports of foreign stock into London last week were on the average —viz., 1,629 head. During the corresponding period, of 1853, we received 3,905 ; in 1852, 1,045 ; 1851, 2,066 ; in 1850, 1,001 ; in 1849, 656 ; and in 1848, 1,256 head. IMPORTS INTO LONDON From Beasts. Sheep. Harlingen 330 ... New Diep 26 Ilambtirgh 29 Antwerp lO Rotterdam_ 61 Ostend. Calais... AST WEEK. Lambs. Calves. pigs. 10 ... 456 Total 360 ... 56 115 4 23 The yearly comparison of weekly imports is as under : Beasts. Sheep. 2,654 Lambs. Calves. Pigs. 413 ... 3 853 853 852 54 851 5lB .850 255' .849 256 791 1,220 515 , 210 ', - ... 281 - ... 224 _ ... 179 The show of foreign stock here to-day was very mode rate, the time of year considered, and in but middling condition. From our own grazing districts, the receipts of beasts fresh up this morning were tolerably extensive. Their general quality, though good, was not equal to Monday last. Notwithstanding that the attendance of buyers was large, and that the weather was favourable for slaughter ing, the beef trade ruled inactive, at the decline reported on this day se'nnight. The top price for beef was 4s 2d per 81bs. The arrivals from Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and Cam biidgeshire, amounted to 2,950 Scots and short-horns; from other parts of England, 800 of various breeds ; and from Scotland, 680 horned and polled Scots. There was a slight falling off in the supply of sheep, compared with Monday last. All breeds were in steady request, at very full prices. The best old Downs in the wool sold at ss, out of the wool 4s 4d per Blbs. Lambs were in moderate supply, and brisk inquiry, on higher terms—viz., 5s 4d to 78 per 81bs. We had a good sale for calves, the value of which had an upward tendency. Pigs moved off slowly, at late rates. s. d. s. d. Prime Southdown 410 5 0 Large crse. calves 4 6 5 2 Prime small d 0... 5 4 5 8 Large hogs 3 0 4 2 Small porkers 4 4 4 8 Sucklingcalves ..23 0 30 0 Quarter old pigs 22 0 27 0 . 5s 4d to 7s Gd. Per Sibs to sink the offals. s. d. s. d.' Interior Beasts.... 3 oto 3 2 Second quality.... 3 4 '3 6 Prime large oxen 3 8 310 Prime Scots, dtc. 4 0 4 2 Inferior Sheep ...3 6 3 8 second quality ...3 10 4 4 Prime erse.-wiled.4 6 4 8 Lambs TOTAL SUPPLY. Beasts ..•• • • • 4,495 Sheep .•. •• .. • • ..........23,610 Calves ... .. • • .... •..... 130 FOREIGN SUPPLY. Beasts ••.. • • ••• . .. —•. .• . 839 Calves.... • ••.. • • ...... • • 89 A. statement and comparison of the supplies and prices of fat stock exhibited and sold in Smlthfield Cattle Market, on Monday, April 11, 1853, and this day, Monday, April 10, 1854. - Per Blbs, to sink the offals. April 11, 1853. Aprillo,lBs4 s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d 3 oto 3 2'3 oto 3 2 3 4 3 63 4 3 6 3 8 210 3 8 310 4 0 4 24 0 4 2 310 4 0' ,3 5 3 8 4 2 4 6310 4 4 4 8 4 104 6 4 8 5 0 5 24 10 5 0 5 0 6 05 4 7 0 3 -4 4 04 6 5 2 4 2 4 6 5 4 5 8 210 3 23 0 4 2 . 3 6 4 0 4 4 4 8 3,518 4,495 19,100 23,610 . 151 130 . 275 310 Coarse and inferior beasts Second quality ditto ... ... Prime large oxen ..• Prime Scots, &c Coarse and inferior sheep ... Second quality ditto ... . 'Prime coarse woolled ditto . Prime Southdown ditto Large coarse calves Prime small ditto .. Large hogs ... seat small porkers Beasts._ Sheep ... Calves... Pigs ... SUPPLIES ON SALE, April 12, 1852.—Beasts, 3,419 ; sheep . 17,920; calves, 182; pigs, 380. NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL. These . markets continue to be seasonably well supplied with both town and country killed meat, for which the demand is tolerably steady, as follows : Per Blbs by the carcase. s. d. s. d. Beef, inferior 210 3 2 Do., middling 3 4 3 6 Do., prime large 3 8 3 10 Do., de. small 3lO 4 0 Pork, large 3 4 4 2 Lamb . s. d. s. d. Mutton, Inferior 3 2 3 4 Do., middling 3 6 4 0 Do., prime 4 2 4 4 Veal 4 0 5 4 Pork, small 4 4 4 8 . 5s 2d to 6s Bd. BOROUGH HOP. There is still a fair inquiry for good and fine hops, at full prices ; but all other kinds are a slow sale. Last week's imports were 10 bales from Ostend, 60 from Ham burgh, and 7 from Rotterdam. The quotations are— Mid and East Kent pockets, 6/. lOs to 12/. Os ; Weald of Kent ditto; 6/. Os to 71. Os ; Sussex ditto, 51. 12s to 6/. lOs per cwt. BOROUGH AND SPITALFIELDS. Since our last report, liberal supplies of potatoes, in fair average condition, have arrived coastwise and by land car riage. The imports have amounted to 2 tons from Amster dam, 3 from Harnburgh, and 160 from Belfast. We have a slow trade at this market to-day, and the quotatiOns are as follows :—York Re g ents. 130 s to 150 s • Kent and Essex ditto, 120 s to 130; Scotch ditto, 1003 - Co 120 s ; ditto cups, 100 to 110 s; Irish whites, 100 s; foreign, 90s to 100 s per ton. WOOL. For all kinds of wool we continue to experience a very inactive sale. In some instances the quotations are almost nominal. Last week's imports were 95 bales from Bombay, 1,146 from Melbourne, 1,440 from Sydney, 2,000 from Geelong, 290 from Hamburgh, 980 from Algoa Bay, and 34 from Buenos Ayres. SEEDS. There has been a good demand for both red and white clover seed, at full prices. Linseed has moved off readily, at the late advance. Black Sea Gls to 655, Calcutta 62s to 655, Petersburg 62s to 635, and Archangel 51s to 53s per quarter. East India rape is worth 56s to 58s. Other articles are steady. arnio,Whlte, per bush. 224 to 24Q Swede ...• ...... 22s 24s astard, Brown. , •... 124 14, White, new • • .. 13s 164 r tres.Winter,new...• 9s Od Os 6d Old • • • • • • • • .... 7s 04 8s Od ;anary, per quarter • 504 Hs Lye ;rags— • •• •• .• 24s 28s Clover, Red En;. (cwt.) 584 644 White •• ....... 54.. 844 . Foreign Red . • ... 524 644 White.... 62s 904 Trefoil, 26s 334 Carraway... ...... 43 469 Coriander. 17, • 1 8s liempseed, per quarter 4( s 448 Linseed, Eng. iowing•• 62s (6s Crushing • • • 60s 640 Baltic • • ........ 593 63s Odessa •• • • •• • • 62- ( . 5 s Linseed Cake, pr. ton — English • • . 10' Os 11 10- Foreign, per ton 9 55 11/ 108 Rape Cakes, pr ton 6 , 153 7 be Rapeseed, New, pr lst 3110 s 33 09 TALLOW. Onr market is very dull, and prices still continue to decline. P.Y.C. on the spot is selling at 67s 6d, and for forward delivery 68s 3d per•cwt. Town tallow is 65s per cwt. net cash. 1851. 1854. 30,688 31,954 42,058 29,609 36s 9d 40s 3d to 25s cid is 45s 3d to 37s Od 40s 6d 35s 9d to 45s 6d Delivery last week • • 1,696 1,379 824 2,364 Ditto from June 1 .... 84,876 35,462 95,543 90,986 Arrivals last week.. 1801 52 Dlttofrom June 1.... 91 , ,068 94,898 101,972 79,967 Price of Town .. • • Od 41s Od 38s Od 47s 3d Stock this day .... • • Price of Y. C. .• 34,194 i7s 6.1 to 00a Od 1,404 67,08 1.315 97,964 OFFICIAL APPOINTMENTS. Lieutenant-General Sir Hugh Dalrymple Ross, K.C.B. (Deputy Adjutant-Ge neral of the Royal Artillery),,is appointed Lieut.-General of the Ordnance, a place which had been abolished, but which is now revived in consequence of the requirements of the war. The Rev. John Macbean is appointed chaplain of St. Andrew's Church, Colombo, at Ceylon. Mr. Charles Heddle is appointed a member of the Council of Government of Sierra Leone. 67s 6d THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 10, 1854. NOVA SCOTIA.-T.HE WAR. SHARE MARKETS. (THIS DAY.) The House of Assembly of Nova Scotia, on the 29th ult., unanimously adopted an address to the Queen expressive of their sympathy with her Ma jesty in the war with Russia. Mr. Howe, the Provincial Secretary, delivered a speech on the address amid loud cheers in the following words : Mr. Speaker, the province of Nova Scotia has, for the last hundred years, been a firmly attached and loyal portion of the British empire. She has steadfastly maintained her allegiance through all the vicissitudes of peace and war. Loyalty is here an enduring sentiment, and whenever there is menace or danger from abroad our Sovereign .is nut left to doubt of the strength of our feel ings, or of our readiness to sustain to the utmost of our power the honour of the British flag and the authority of the Cro we.. When thesearein peril, the voice of faction is hushed—party. feelings subside—party distinctions are obliterated, and a united Legislature prepared to defend our, ..comm.on..country, or to send to the foot of the Threne, the expression of sentiments which are shared alike by all.ranks and classes of our people. Sir, I look back with pride to a period in our history, within the recollection -of many around me—when with singular unanimity and enthusiasm the whole resources, physical and pecuniary, of Novia Scotia, were placed at the dis posal of the Lieutenant-Governor, when the frontier was endangered, amidst the acclamations of the people and of their representatives. At that time I led the Oppo sition in this house, but I at once tendered support to tbe government of the day, as I am happy to know that the ' leader of the Opposition will now second the motion which I am about to make. Then, as now, our Flag was about to be insulted—our country embroiled with -a Foreign Power. We are not now threatened with any immediate danger. There is peace on this continent, and I trust it may be preserved. But our brethren at home are about to enter upon a struggle the end of which cannot be fore told. The fleets and armaments on their way to the Baltic and the Black Sea instruct us that they are in earnest. It is but right that the outlying portions of the empire should comprehend and should discharge the obligations which, in such a crisis, rest upon them. A common sentiment should thri 1 throughout the empire. The SoVereign should feel that her subjects, wherever situated, are united as one man. It is our dutyto take the earliest opportunity of declaring to our Sovereign the feelings of our people. Lit there be no doubt in her mind—let it be felt and knoWn that, whatever may be our party struggles or differences of opinion, there is but one feeling in Nova Scotia, when the flag of England is unfurled. The latter clause of this address 1 trust will not be disapproved. Shr. Paid. Itsuvrars. Leasing Closing Prices Business Compans. Saturday, this day. 50 all Redford and London & Bletchley... . N. West St, 100 Buckghamsh. L.&N.W. 50 all ClydesdaleJc. Caledon St. 100 E. Lincoln gr. 6 per cent. Gt.Nrthn. 125 135 25 all Glas. Barr. & Caldonian. Neils. Direct 4.11 25 all Do. New...... Do -- 25 all Gistr.&Dn.Fr Gt. Westn 28 30 100 all Ili-Cpl. Dk. & Yk. New. Railway & Berw. 25 50 all D El o u . ll& si S la e r lb o y s D Y. o &NMd 100 50 5 1 2 02: 1.22 all Do. 4 Shares Do 25 —26 13i all Lon.&Greeuw S. Eastern 13 132 20 all Do. Preference Do 214 251 20 100 Lowestoft gr. 4 per cent. Norfolk 20 tOO Do. 6 per ct. 5i all Manch. Bath. L.&N.W. and Matlock & Midld. 2R 2gad 50 all lAiddlesbro' & Stckton & Redcar Darlingt. 10(' all Midld.Bradfd Aidland.. 89 91 50 all Northern and Easternsp.c. E. Count. 54 56 50 Do. 6 per et. Do • ••• 50 all Do. Fixedsp sDo — 25 all Prest. & Wyre &N.W &Ln&Yk ad 122 12 Do. Shares. Do ad St. 100 Roystn.&Hit. GtNorthn St. 100 Do.Shepth.St Do ... ... 25 18i Shef.Roth.and Lancash& Goole g. 5 p.c. Yorksh. 12 92 S. Staffordsh. 11.MClean 3 50 all WearVallcygr Stockt. & 6 per cent... Darlingt. . 25 all Do . 2 . 7 29 28 2 St. 100 Wilts&Somrsr GtWestn. BRITISH RAILWAYS. RAILWATS. Closing Prices Saturday. Busineas done this day. MINES all Agua Fria all Anglo Austrin. Gold all Anglo Californian 2 Australasian 6 Australian all Australian Cordillera all Australian Freehold all Ave Maria 2 d 2 1 1 d li 2 --- 11 2i 2 all Baden (Gd. Duchy of) all Blaenarvon Ir. & Coal all Coitish Austria. Gold 13.5 British Iron 24 Brazilianlmp.(issued at £5 pm all Do. Cocaes & Cuiada 15 Do. St. John Del Rey Carson's Creek 4 Clarendon Con. Min Co. of Jamaica all Cobro Copper 1 Colonial Gold 15 Copiapo all Copper Min. of Eng all Do. Pref. 7. p. cent all English and Austrin - 6 - 8 Whatever might be our regret at the withdrawal of her Majesty's troops, I believe that I am not much mis taken when I assume that the militia of Nova Scotia about to be enrolled and embodied would be able to de fend 'their own soil and to protect her Majesty's forts and * arsenals, should our gallant soldiers be required elsewhere. If they can they ought, and we should not detain a single regiment here that might be wanted in the Mediterranean. 3i 4i 2 29 31 ad 39 - 41 i - li 10 - 12 50 - 60 2 - 4p Entertaining those sentiments, Mr. Speaker, I beg leave to move the following Address : " TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. " The humble Address of the Representatives of the People of Nova Scotia. "May it please your Majesty,—We, your Majesty's dutiful and loyal subjects, the Commons of Nova Scotia, have learned with extreme regret, that your Majesty's Government has been compelled to fit out armaments, and prepare for active hostilities, in order to maintain the faith of. treaties, and guard the interests of the empire from the aggressive spirit manifested by the Emperor of Russia. Though far removed from what may be the theatre of war, your Majesty's loyal subjects in Nova Scotia will regard, with grave solicitude, the operations a your Majeety's forces by sea and land, and your Majesty may be assured that, wherever the national flag is borne, their sympathies will follow it; and that, in triumph and disas ter, the efforts of its gallant defenders will ever be marked with deep interest in this portion of the empire. Should the land forces now in this province be required elsewhere, your Majesty may rely upon the loyalty and devotion of the militia of Nova Scotia, who, until the return of peace in Europe, will defend their own country, and protect your Majesty's forts and arsenals from foreiga aggression." Copper Smeltg.Co all General all Great Nugget Vein , all Do. Registered , all Great Polgooth , all Liberty all Linares all Lond.&Californ.Gold li - 2k 1 14 2i 10 llxd Quartz Crush. Co all Mariquita 9 Mexican&S.Amerien all New Granada all New Linares Mining and Smelting Co ' all Nouveau Monde all Pontgibaud Silver - 5 3 / 4 - 64 - 15 - 17 - 28 - 30 8 - 10 31 - 4. - - 31 - 41 3 31 - -d, Lead Diiu, & Smelt 1 Port Philip all Quartz Rock all Ithymuey Iron 15 Do. New 1O Santiago de Cuba all south Australian 7 Tin Croft all United Mexican all Waller LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-(THIS DAY.) all West Granada all West Mariposa .... 128.1 North ing, Mini LONDON,. .April 10.—Wind this day at Noon, E. ; strong breeze, and cloudy weather. PonTsmouTH,!April B.—Wind, N.E. to S.S.W. Arrived —lanthe, from St. Malo. Sailed—Emanuel, for Quebec; H.M.S. Cumberland, Baltic, in tow of the Black Eagle. FALMOUTH, April 9.—Wind variable. Arrived—Eu phrosyne, from Rio Grande ; Ellen, Figueira, and sailed for London. Off Port—Emperor, Moulmein; Janet, Callao, for Dundee. COWES, April B.—Wind, S.E. Sailed—Sir Robert Peel, for Melbourne ; Peter Hattrick, New York. DOVER, April 9.—Arrived—Emperor (s), from London, for Malta ; Fanny, Antwerp ; Currituch, do., both for New York. TORBAY, April 9.—Wind, S. Arrived—Helen, from London, and sailed for Hobart Town ; Elizabeth, Hobart Town. Off Poirt—Vesper, Hartlepool, for Malta ; City of Palaces, Shields, for Calcutta ; Edgar, Mauritius ; Bolton, Tinrnbay ; Telegraph, East Indies, for Amsterdam. SAL - Ecolunn, April 9.—Wind, N.B. Sailed—Edward Osborne, for Newport and Mediterranean • Jessamine, do. do. Australia all Yuba - BRISTOL, April B.—Wind, S.W. Arrived— Cosmo, from Savannah. PADSTOW, April B.—Wind, S.E. Sailed—Harriet Scott, for Quebec. 0 SUNDERLAND, April B.—Wind, N.W. Arrived—Lau rentine, from Fecamo ; Bella Donna, Honfleur. Sailed— Swallow., for Carthagena. ABERDEEN, April B.—Arrived—Undaunted, from Que bec ; Renowp, do. OFF PENZANCE.—Greyhound, from St. Michael's, and proceeded for Hull ; Laura, from Newport, and proceeded for Alicante. Sailed—Carolihe, for Quebec. _ - CADIZ, April I.—The Meroia . (transport), with a detach ment of the Royal Horse Artillery, under the command of Major Michell, has just put in here from stress of wea ther. She will proceed as soon as the wind changes. It is now blowing fresh at East. BosroN, March 22.—A large vessel under jury masts, with rudder apparently disabled, was seen off Brenton's Reef on the 260, steering for the Vineyard. A large ship, waterlogged and abandoned, was seen on March 17, in lat. '4O N , long. 68 W. The 'Vanguard, from New York to Liverpool, in proceeding down the Bay on the 25th March, was compelled to anchor, in consequence of the mutinous crew. ELSINORE, April 4.—The Emmy, from Rostock to Peter head..(eargo, bones), has returned from the Kattegat to- ' `day very leaky, and been towed into the harbour. QUER N STOWN, April 3.—Arrived—Nancy Dawson, Saffi. Off Port—Rtmette, Sourabaya, and sailed for the Clyde. SEUELDS, April 7.—Arrived—Merchant, from Rot- , 1 terdam.. GOOLE, April 7.—Wind, S.W. Arrived—Norfolk (el from Rotterdam. _ _ LowEsToFr, April 9. -Arrived Gowland, Christian' sand. (BY SUBMARINE AND EUROPEAN TELEGRAPH.) DEAL, Monday, 9 a.m. Wind, E.S.W. ; moderate, and cloudy. Passed—Callao, from London, for Liverpool. Sailed—Her Majesty's steamer Black Eagle, to the east ward; French war steamer Le Corse, to westward. THE CONSERVATIVE LAND SOCIETT.—The seventeenth public drawing for 70 rights of choice on the society's estates took place on Saturday, at the offices, No. 33, folk-street, Strand, in the presence of the Rev. Dr. Worthington, the Rev. Dr. Dodsworth, and a large number of shareholders. The numbers drawn belonged to members in various counties. The rev. chairman announced that the allotment of the St. Margaret's estates being fixed for the' 7th of June, the executive committee' had' resolved to open the mansion and park to public view for a few weeks, and that cards might be obtained from the secretary. In answer to a ques tion as to the mode of allotment it was stated that the surveyor's plan would not interfere with the beauty of the grounds, as ornamental gardens would be laid out with the villas. This announcement gave great satis faction to the meeting. The secretary stated that the eighteenth public drawing was fixed for Saturday, the 13th of May, and that 31 numbers would be added to the rotation list of seniority—making upwards of 900 out of the first thousand who were on the order of rights by date of membership, although the 'society had only been in existence 18 months. PANOPTICON' OF SCIENCE AND ART.-0/1 Saturdhy, Mr. Gottlieb Boccius delivered a lecture, in the above institution, on the subject of artificial fish culture. Mr. Boccius having given a brief historical account of the dis covery and progress of the art of propagating fish, said o,dutie not twhich w till within a recent period the subj ec t h a d not attracte d mu ch attention, in conseque nce o f th e l arge percentage of ova which were lost in the process ad o pt e d b y prev i ous experimenters. . Sir, H. Davy h a d no t b een a bl e to obtain more than 5 per cent, of fish. L a t er experirnen ters had obtained 15 and .20 pe r cen t. B ut b y t h e me thodt lao ss t necessary h . e . (theltislecturer) fo a mistake h istt a employed,ke eto artificial supp 0 spropagation onee that pe r r u cent.running ing fish , was of All that was necessary was pure water, kept from Ition or decomposition, and at a temperature of 55 or 60. He had by this simple method propagated millions of fish. T HE NEw BREAD,MAKING PROGRESS.—Mr. Pepper, one of the chemical lecturers at the Polytechnic Institu tions, has devoted some time and trouble to ascertain the secret of the process by which a greater weight of bread is produced from a given quantity of flour than is now com monly obtained, as shown in the recent experiments at the Marylebone workhouse, It would result from this report of Mr. Pepper. that while the increased weight of the bread made from a sack of flour by the new process is a dmitted—though not to the same extent as claimed by the persons possessing the secret—the in creased ,weight is almost demonstratively proved to be produced by the use of substnces possessing a capacity for absorbing and retaining moisture ; and that the dif ference, therefore, is simply the addition of so much of water—nothing more. APPLICATION OF THE TELEGRAPH AND ELECTRICITY TO MILITARY PURPOSES. —At a recent grand review at Olmutz, Austria, at which the Emperors of Russia and Austria were present, a sham fight on a grand scale, the siege of the citadel, including the application of electricity - on the most recently a pp r oved principles of ignition and combustion, constituted the most impo r t an t of the mancenvres whi ch were practised. A Vienna were in describes three o mnibus-lookin g vehicl es , which in the camp, each c ontainin g a com plete electric apparatus, with a contrivance for laying an insulated wire along the ground by the mere locomo tion of the soth protected as to re ma i n unin jurede heaviest artillery p as si n g vehicle, by t the the wire pressure re of over it. By this means orders are to be instantaneously conveyed from the Emperor's station, and that of the chief commander, to troops at almost any distance on the field of the manceuvres. Aberdeen . Ambg. Nottug. Bost. and Eastu. Junet Belfast & Ballymena Binning. Wolverh. & Stour Valley Birkenhd. Lanesh. Cheshire Junet Do. Chesh. h Birk., £5O and £25 Cons. Do., £20.......... ..... Myth & Tyne original £25 (issd. at £45) Bristol and Exeter... Caledonian Chester & Holyhead. Cork and Bandon Cork, Black, & Pass Cornwall Orloff Junction Dublin&BelfastJunc Dundee Perth &Aber dc en Junction Do. New East Anglian Do., G-ClB E & H).... pastern Counties..... Eastern Union, A Stock B. Stock , Do., New , ...... East Lancashire .... Edinburgh & Glasgow Edinb. and Peebles Edin. Prth & Dundee Forth & Clyde June. ,glasgow & S. Western I Great Northern Stk. Do., A. Stock Do., B. Stock Gt. Sth. &West.(lre ) Great Western Irish South-Eastern Lancaster & Carlisle Do., Thirds Do. New Thirds ... Lancash.andYorksh. Do., Fifths D 3., Wst. Riding Un Leeds Northern Liv.Crsby.&Sonthpt London & Blackwall Lend. Tilb. & Sthend. Lond. Bright & S.Cst. Loud. and N. Westu. Do. Fifths Do.lo/. Do. Eighths London andS. Westn Do., £5O Do., £4O Lnndrry& Coleraine Lndndrry. & Ennisk. Nlanch.Shef.& Lincln Do., Man. &Lin. Un :Midland Do. Birmng. & Derby \licUd. G. West. (Ire.) Do. Ralf Shares Newcastle & Carlisle ' Newmarket Do., Bury Extension. Nwpt.Aberg. &Hrfd Newry & Enniskillen Newry Warreupoint and Rostrevor Norfolk Northn.Countics Un North British North Devon, No. 1 Do., No. '2 Do., 4 A Deferred Do., 1 B Guaranteed, North London Do. New £lO N.&S.Wstrn. ,Hamp stead, and City Jn North Staffordshire North Western N. & S. Westru. June Nuneaton, Hinckley, and Leicester oxford, Worcester, & Wolverhampton Portsmouth Scottish Central ScottishMidlanJ Shrewsbury &Biirng Do. L. & N. Western Guaranteed St oak Shrewsby. & Herefd Shrewsby. & CKoster (N. W. Min ;„ Do. Balveso. Do. Oswestry Shropshire Union Do. A, B, C,o3,fully paid up at per cent South Devou South Eastern South Wales S. Yrksh. & Riv. Dun Do Staines, Wok. &Wok Stockton & Darling. Stockton & Hartlepl. Taff Vale . Do. £lO shares. Do. Pref., No. 1..... Thames Haven Dock] and Railway Vale of Neath Waterfd. & Kilkenny Waterford&Limeriek West Cornwall. West End of London and Crystal Palace , West London Wimble (In & Croydon York Newctl.&Be rw 1 Do: Extensions Do. G.N.E. Purchase' York & N. Midland._ 21 - 23 41 - 71 8 14 —l2 tlis 15 - 17 8- 7 3 88 - 90 521 - 13 - 15 8 • 10 , ii. = ii 7 - 8 14 - 161 iii 7_ ii 60 - 62 55 - 57 21 - ii 58 - a 87 88 76 78 120 - 122 90 - 92 73 - 734 85 90 10 —l2Ol 10 12 p 60i —60 i 8 -- 7tct di 1 - iii 7t -- 8 t 7 954 • 96 14d -- 1 d s(l—id d 75 -- 77 12 -- lld 12it 19 - 58 - 584, 32 - 34 id— i dl 7 5d 6 - 8 44 - 47 3i 3Au 30 ... 31 50 - 54 par b 61 6d 7t 71 i 28 , 30 80 82 50 - 52 48 - 52 48 52 Si 2id 13 -- 15 6i -- 74 10 -- lz 4 -- 3id 13 15 58 59 32 33 4 2cl 4 5 27 - 30 21 - 31 18 19 4 - 5 21 23 44 - 5i .•• 6 - 7 64h 65 . 4 9 8d 5 45, 464, PREFERENCE SHARES, ! Aberdeen .. ba. No. 2, p. c. Blyth and Tyne 10 per c. pref. (issd. at 50/) Bris. & Ex. 4 p. c. St. Do. 4 p. c. Shares Caledonian £lO Chester & Holyhead Guar. 5! per cent Cork drßandonsip.c Dundee Perth &Aber deen Junction EastAnglian (1:310s) 6 per cent Do: (£5) 7 per cent. Do. (£7 17s) 7 p. c. Eastern Counties Ex tension, 5 p. c. No. 1 Do. No. 2 . Do. New 6 p. c. St. Eastern Union, Scrip Guar. 6 per cent... Do. 5g., 10 per cent, Do. 101. Debentr.Sh• East Lancash. 6 p. cts, East and West York. shire Juuc. Prof._ EdinbPrth.&Duudee 54 per cent. Glsgow&S.Western Guar. 5 per cent Great Northu. 5 p. c Do. 5 p. c. Redeem., at 10 p. c. Do. 44 p. c. Scrip G t. N. of Scot. Ist Pref Gt. Southn. &Westin. (Irelaud) Eighths)... l Do. 4 per c. Prof. Sh, Gt. Westu. (Berks & Hants Ex. 5 p. c)... 10. coy. red. 4 p.c. o. con, red. 4p. c. Do. irred. 4 p. c.... Lau. & York. P. Do. 6 p. c. Stock Leeds N. 6 p. c. No.l Do. Quarters, 1848... London and Brighton Guaranteed 5 p. c Pref., 5 p. c. St. !Do. Convertible, 5 p. c., 1852 Do. New Guar.6 Lon. &N. W., Coy. & Nuneaton Loudon Br, S. Western) Con. Thirds Londonderry& Coler, Shares Loudy.&Ennis.Sh. Man., Shof., & Lin. Shares, No. 1. Do. New, £lO Do. £6 Aarypt .& Carl. 4 p. c. Do. 4i per cent Do Consol.6p.c.St. Do. Consol, Bristol & girm. 6 per cent Do. Pref. 4i per cent Norfolk Debenture Do. Pref. 4 p. c. Stock Do. 5 p. c. Eat Do. 5 per ct.pref Do. Way. Val. 5 p. c North British North Staffordshire Oxford, Worcester, Wolverh.Xls, 6 p.c Do Scot. Cent. , New Prof Shrews. Sz; Birm.N.G. Shrewsby. & Chester (Nor.W.Min), S p.c. Do. 5 per cent South Devon De. fixed, 4 per cent S. Eastern (Readino . Ann.) of £1 Os. 6d. Do. 4 ,per cent S. Yorksh.4p.c.Guar Stockton and Dar lington, 4 per cent. Do. do. do. Stockton and Hartle pool, guar. 5 P. e• till Ist July, 1856 Waterfd.SzKilk.6p.c. , York, Newcastle,and Berwick,4 p.c. Prof. Do Vork&N, Midlancill and S, Parch" ''''... ••• "" ••• 1: *k . • " •• • 6 - 61 3 - 3 4 - 4il 4 - i P - P - P 12 -12 k 23 - 24 . - - 3 —3i xdl ail 09 --Ui .04 - 106 9, 3 / 4 - 9i 7,1 8 .. xd 6 3 / 4 7 93 95 87 8 9 88 90 id klar 1125 ISO •••••• ~. ... xd' - 2 P 6 i 9 is Par 1 [2sli 130 id ... xd xd :.. xd ... xd ... xd 93 - 96 • PI • ad' 8 9 15i -16 A 9i -- 10 11 -- 13 is P 22 - 23 95 -100 15 - 20 ... _ ... 2 id 85 90 '"•cl '22 i EGN. 4i 3d 1 5 4d id il) p 3t, t cl lip 1 A i-P 10 5 d 4i Na l 21.4 —22 i I.lp 6 -- 8 dis 5.1 2 3 14 ld 4 3d id 61 - 6i ioi := 29 7i - 83 111 - 41 -43 31 - 33 27i -- 274 -• pm ld par d 7 7 - ... ... - pm 3 - 4 1/ - 21 tii - .44(1' :017S iii =- 38 - ... "-- •.. 75 80 6& 6a i.. 6 7_ ii 1 - 3 ',l - 1 1 a d' ... - ... i -P 11 - lip 31 --% 36 1 7 } 1 1 9 —llxinl ir. Paid. A. 100 !O i 0 all .3i all a I 28 ;76 all 2 18 5 30 4t. 100 'it. 100 i 0 all i 0 all :0 all !O 12 : 0 .6. id 4 . 5 all $ all 15 all !O all it. all i() all' all .1A all .0 8i it. 100 it. 100 0 1 2 2 ;t. 100 i 0 42i 15 all 15 all it. 100 :2s 44 it. 100 it. 100 i 0 473 15 173 10 all ;t. 100 6i 5 17 i 0 7A ;t. Iwo it. 100 .6 16 L 6 11i 8 all 8 8 i 0 I all .0 1 5 .0 1/ 1; !O 17A :0 all 0 10 .0 1 >t. Iwo !O 21 28 1 it. 100 it. 100 it. 100 it. 100 .0 10 !61 all 3A all !O all !O 6i i 0 all A. 100 5 . 0 all ) ..0 15 Z 0 5 20 2/ 2s 25 all 16i it. 100 10 8 it. 100 25 21 0 17 O all 0 all ." i i !O all .0 51s. it. 100 l 5 20 ?,5 13 ;t. 100 \lOO ;t. 100 !,5 30 ;t. 'l.OO 5 ;t. 100 15 all 64 64 64 all 31 all 5 all 7i 2 6 all 6i all LO all !O all 5 all LO all it. 100 5 all 5 i all It. 1100 ft. 100 It. 100 0 10 L 0 6 64 all 0 5 00 6 St. 100 St. 100 St. 100 16 6 St. 100 20 13 12 9 St. 100 t. 1100 i 0 I all It. 100 it. 100 50 1 5 12M al nil all 25 I all 10 all 6 4: 12A all 12i all 12 2 10 St. 100 St. 1100 .6t\ 5 LO 6 it. 100 'it. 100 it. 100 ,t. 100 !O all .5 15 8i all S all LO all LO I 10 35 all .0.61 all t. 100 !O all ',5 all 5 5 .2 all 5 3 ;t. 100 .7 1 5 5 I 10 91 891 53i i 12 i 88 78 7i 741 4 61 1 i a ~ 11 If 967 VI 11 1/ 78 7 314 59k 60 12 I per cent. 66 5k 10 20 40 10 20 x, a 20 20 x d 10,i 20 20 5 20 Pm 8; i pin 10 12i 20 10 20 20 10 50 111 5 129 1k dis 99 id 8i pm a d 1 10 1 1 FORE' 9 Antwerp&Rotterdam 3 Belgian Eastn. June. 8 Beziers to Graissessac 2s. Bombay, Baroda, and Central India,Scrip _ _ ... Central of Italy all Charleroi& Erquelin all Demerara 14 IDijou and.Besancon. 8 Dutch Rhenish all East Indian 2 Do. Extension all 4t. Indian Peninsula 10 a. Junct. of France 10 Grcl. Trunk of Canada 30 Do. Debentures all Do. do 10 Gt. Central of France all Gt. Western of Canada Shares Do. Bonds (Ist is.)'s7 15i Hamilton & Toronto all Do. 6 per cent. 5 Lake Const. & Bask all Lucca t Pistoja 5 p.c pref 15 Luxembourg 10 Do. (Railway) 2 Do. Pref 3 Do. (Canal) 5 Do. 6p. et. pref 8 Lyons and Geneva 12 Lyons & Mediterran 10 Aadras 33i1Diaria Antonia all Do. do. New . 2 Melbourne Dk. &Ry all Namur & Liege (with' interest) all Do. (ox interest) all Northern of France Do. 201..3 p. c Bds: all (fmy.B.&Ams.Shs.) all NorwegianTrunkPre, 10 Paris and Lyons all Ditto Bonds all Paris and Orleans all Paris and Rouen all Paris and Strasbour 10 ParisCaen & Cherbrcr 104 Quebec & Richmond all Rouen and Havre 12 Royal Danish 2 Royal Swedish all Saiabre and Meuse 6 Do. 5 . 4 p. cent. Pref 6 Southern of France 8 St. Andrew's and Quebec (A) all West Flanders all Do 54 per c. Prof 1 10 Westeru of France ' 7 West. of Switzerland 2 Wiesbaden 15 Zealand MIScEL: all Rubin Coal and Iron' 17i Australian Agricult. 14 A.ustralsn.Peifie.Mail' 8 Australis. Royal Mail 4 NAM Water Works 40 Brit. American Land 1 Brit. & Coln. Smeltg. and Reduction Co 32i Canada ICrystal Palace.. 4 IDO. New.. 2 Crystal Pal. of France 3 Eastern Steam 20 ElectritTelegraph(A) all Do. (B) 1 Electric Toleg. of Ir 14 Gen. Steam Navigat 18 General Screw Steam V, Irish Beetyoot Sngar , 10 Nlagdalena St. Navig. all Nat. Pat. Steam Fuel 3 Netherlands Land 1 N. S. W. Coal ex Inter Steam Navigat. Co N all N. B. Australasian i Do. New 10 Nrth.ofEuropeSteam all Peel Rr. Ld. & Minrl. all Peninsular & Oriental 35 Do. Do. all Portland. Iron Co 60 Royal Mail Steam all Scot. Austral. Invest. 25 South Austral. Land all Submar. Telegraph.. all Do. Registered. • 283 Van Diemen's Land JOINT-STOCK BANKS. all A.ustralasia all British Colonial Bank and Loan Company all British N. American 5 Chartcl. Bank of Asia 2 Chrtd. Bnk. of India, Australia, & China 25 Colonial 20 Commercial of Loud 12 English Scottish and 71 -73 x, . d is id Australian 15 Loud. Chart. Bk. of 5 4d Australia 20 London and County 10 London Joint Stock 20 Lond. & Westminster 35 National Provincial of England 10 Do. New 2D, National of Ireland all New South Wales all Oriental Bank of Corporation 5 Do. New 25 Provincial of Ireland all Do. New 1 (loyal Australn. Bkg & Gold Imp Co all iouth Australia all Union of Australia 2iDo. New 10 Union of London 3 2d -.--- -- 45 - 47 36 - 38 62 - 61 6 - 7 SHIPWRECIIS LAST YEAR•—A return has just been issued to the House of Commons, by which it appears that the vessels wrecked last year belonging to the United Kingdom was 581, of which 569 were sailing vessels, and 12 steam vessels, The tonnage was 120,714. 20 25 100 100 20 2Cq 5 i k 30i i 22E i 37i 8i 15 2} j LITERA TURE. 'Jerome Cardan. By Henry Morley, author of " Palissy the Potter," 2 vols. Chapman and Jerome Cardan, the most famous physician and mathematician of his day in Italy, whose great ob ject of life, and whose sole ambition was the re membrance and admiration of posterity, would probably be scarcely satisfied if he saw the amount of either accorded to him. The reason of this pro bably is to be found in an observation made by his biographer, that he was equal to, but never before, his age. e was not one of those who have gained immortality by the discovery of some keystone of science, or who have won alike our pity and admi ration by the persecution of the ignorant and the scorn of the incredulous. Such as he was, how ever, he had undoubting confidence that his wishes would be reali se d, an d i n the eager desire that future critics should know him as he really was, he has, with curious frankness, portrayed his faults, vices, an d errors, as readily as his virtues or successes, in the history of himself which he left behind him. Doubtless, in more favourable circumstances, he would h ave l e ft more trace of h i s powers and his ambition, but he was peculiarly un fortunate. Always of a weak and delicate consti tution, the ailments he perpetually suffered from often affected his mind with corresponding gloom. He was harshly treated by his parents, ill-educated, and generally neglected. Even when he had gradu ated as a physician, the College of Milan refused to receive or acknowledge him, owing to some pre judices about his family. His path was beset with difficulties, and the unsettled tastes and habits he had formed in his neglected youth, must certainly have interfered with his more studious occupations. He was forty years old before any of his dreams seemed likely to be realised. At the age of forty four, he was at length a recognised physician, with a professor's chair, and known through irop e from his literary abilities. His endurance and labour did not, therefore, go unrewarded. Th e writer observes—" Cardan had not tact enough to make himself popular, but he had talent enough to create for himself fame." His first work, or rather the first he published, was certainly i a most imprudent one for a man in his position. It was entitled, " The Bad Method of Practice among Physicians," which denounced seventy-two errors in the system of medical treatment in that day. It was certainly not a volume likely to re move the prejudices of the College of Physicians. Cardan subsequently distinguished himself greatly as a mathematician. It is singular that the devotee of such a study should have been superstitious and credulous to the extreme. He had the firmest faith in dreams, and put implicit confidence in omens. He had, however, some right to be guided by them, if we may ust the singular 1 incidents which he relates as having occurred to him. But the author of the present volumes accounts for them by saying that most men, if they go through life searching for omens and fulfilments, will find some singular coincidences. It is, how ever, somewhat suspicious that Cardan has gene rally narrated them after the fulfilment, when he might easily have exaggerated the foreboding or enhanced the singularity of the dream.. This weakness may, however, be in a great measure attributable to his age and country. The severest affliction of Cardan's life befel him when in the zenith of his fame, at the height of his popularity. His wife had been dead for some years, but he had three children, two sons and a daughter. The eldest son, a hasty, simple-minded youth, had mar ried entirely against his father's consent, and lived miserably with his wife, who was one of a large and poor family of no good repute. While Jerome was professor to the University of Pavia, renowned as a physician and philoso pher, having visited Paris, Edinburgh, and Lon don, the blow sudd en ly came u p on him which embittered his life, destroyed his fortune, injured his reputation, and lost him his position. After several years of discord, want, and waste, driven desperate by the conduct of his wife, Gianbattista Cardan poisoned her with arsenic when her youngest child was but ten days old. Of course he was immediately arrested for murder. His brother was also implicated. Jerome - hastened to Milan to spend his fortune, influence, and reputa tion, in behalf of the son who had so disregarded his wishes. But his efforts, though unceasing, were ineffectual. His son was executed, and he was left impoverished and broken-hearted, with infamy attached to his name. His youngest son was ac quitted, but his subsequent conduct was so bad that his father disinherited him. After this great calamity the philosopher met with many other trials, but at last received a pension from the Pope, and died at Rome in 1576, aged seventy-five, The history of his life is a subject of much inte rest, whether as the record of a scholar, or the me moir of one who showed what perseverance and labour, combined with great talents, can accomplish, even though insurmountable diffi culties seem to lie in his path. The author has, however, adopted too much the minute ness and diffuseness of style for which he blames Cardan. It is, perhaps, difficult, however, in selecting from such a large number of works the events of his life not to be led into this extreme. These memoirs will show an example to the student or struggler with the world, who feels tempted to despair ; they will form an interesting biography to the mathematician or physician, and an enter taining volume to the general reader, who will cer tainly welcome the appearance before the public lof the history of one whose great object was, to be remembered and revered. The Journal of Psychological Medicine and Men tal Pathology. This journal is chiefly devoted to the record and analysis of the statistics of insanity and mental delusion. Some very curious and interesting in formation on these topics may be met .with, which may prove of valuable assistance to the medical practitioner or to those in charge of lunatics. It may be useful to the friends or guardians of those who are suspected of being of unsound mind, as affording instruction on the exciting causes and the earliest symptoms of insanity. Certainly the best means of guarding against this terrible affliction, or of mitigating it if incurable, is the knowledge derived from the study of various cases, and the tracing it back to its earliest development. As calculated to increase that knowledge, and to afford opportunities for study and comparison, this work is likely to be of much service, and to merit the attention of those who are interested in this melancholy subject. PRESENTATION OP PLATE TO Mit. E. T. SIIITII.—On Saturday evening a number of the friends of Mr. E. T. Smith, lessee of Drury-lane Theatre, entertained that gentleman at dinner at the Coal Hole Tavern, in the Strand, for the purpose of presenting him a very hand some silver tureen and ladle, as a token of esteem for his industry and integrity, also in acknowledgment of the advantages derived by the increased trade to the neighbourhood during his management. The subscrip tions for this very flattering testimonial were chiefly the spontaneous offerings of the respectable inhabitants and tradesmen in the vicinity of the theatre, who were de sirous of conferring upon Mr. Smith this substantial mark of their respect anti esteem. Mr. Renton Nicholson, who occupied the chair, presented the plate to Mr. Smith,' and complimented him upon his successful management during the past 18 months, and eulogised the spirit of active benevolence which had marked his regime in the national theatre. Mr. Smith returned thanks, in a modest and appropriate speech, in which ho attributed his success, in a great degree, to the determination with which he had started to regulate his expenses upon a strict system of economy, and to leave none of his com pany or servants unpaid, while he had a shilling with which to pay them. He said his intention was to make Drury-lane a profitable managerial s peculation, by any species of entertainment which the public w ou ld patronise, from a Surrey drama to an Italian Opera, and he bad found this the tru e secret of management. mr. Smith, after some further observations, again th an k e d his friends for the splendid gift they had that evening bestowed upon him. At a later hour in the evening Mr. Smith presented to Mr. George Wild, his acting mana ger, a beautiful g old watch and chai n , in acknowledgment of his long se rvices, and the strict friendship that had subsisted bet ween them for a long series of years. Other toas t s were proposed and duly honoured, and a most a greeable evening was spent by those present. F I RE • NEAR REGENT'S -PARK -p enryn Lodge, the pr i va te mansion of Dr. Woolf, Park-village, Gloucester gate, Regents-park, w as a l most totally destroyed by fire on Saturday last. ANOTHER SERIOUS FIRE IN THE CITY.—The exten sive and well-known range of premises belonging to Messrs. Waterlow and Sons, wholesale stationers, printers, &c., in London-wall, had a narrow escape of being totally destroyed on Saturday last. As it was, property valued at a few thousand pounds was either consumed or extensively damaged by the devastating element. After the lapse of two or three hours the con flagration was extinguished, but not until a serious amount of damage was done, but not so great it is be lieved as to put an entire stop to the business. As to the origin of the misfortune nothing positive could be learned. Fortunately the firm was fully insured in several fire-offices. The arrangements of the police were most excellent, and a great crowd of idlers was kept out of danger. INDIA.—The Commissioners for the affairs of India have appointed the Right Hon. T. B. Macaulay, M.P., the Right Hon. Lord Ashburton, John Shaw Lefevre, Esq., C. 8., the Rev. Henry Melvill, 8.D., Principal of Haileybury - College, and the Rev. Benjamin Jowett, Fellow and Tutor of Balliol College, Oxford, to be a committee for the purpose of considering the best means of carrying out the clauses of the Government of India Act of last session, under which admission to the college of Haileybury will hereafter be open to competition. Sir Alexander Spearman had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer on Saturday at his official residence in Downing-street. . -.a ~. _ARTISTS' GENERAL BItA T ETOLEN't ' INSTITUTI6N. • • • • e . .. • .t ' The 39th anniversary di nner o .tta'iOeiety was cele. brated at the Freemason's Hall, {`eat queetz:straet, on Saturday list, the Right H. B. Iniradil N:P .; nthe i chair. About 170 gentlemen w ere preOeirt, aii4 at . bix o'clock sat down to a very recherche entertainment, served in excellent style. The right hon. chairman was supported on his-right by Lord Dufferin, Sir J. Marjoribanks, &c. ; and on his left by Sir C. L. Eastlake, P.R.A,, the Hon. C. S. Har dinge, M.P., J. Scott Russell, Esq., Sir W. C. Ross, R.A., and Messrs. D. Robarts, 8.A., F. R. Pickersgill,A.R.A., &c. Among the company at the cross table were Messrs. T. E w ins, RA., J. Creswick, R.A., W. F.' Frith, RA., Philip Hardwick, R.A., C. Blackwell, R.A„ A. Elmore, A.R.A., Augustus Egg, A.R.A., T. L. Cowper, A.R.A., H. Weekes,A.R.A., J. C. Hawk, A.RA:., J. E. Millar, A.8.A., &c. • The large gallery in the hall was crowded with ladies during the proceedi ngs , w hi c h were en livened by 'some excellnt part-singing under the direction of Mr. Lockey, in which Miss Rausford and Messrs. Francis, J. L. Hat ton, and H. Phillips took part. On the removal of the cloth, the CHAIRMAN gave " The Health of the Queen," observing that, indepen dently of thoSe claims which her gracious Majesty,alwPr had on the devotion of her subjects, they ought never to forget on an occasion like the present that she hid taken this institution under her special protection. (Cheers.) The toast was followed by the National Anthem, which gave occasion to a demonstration''or . the 'feeling that pervades all ranks and classes in the "country . at the present moment. The lines in the second verse, Seat. ter our enemies" and " Frustrate their • knavish tricks," were received with a general cheer from the company. The CHAIRMAN next gave his Royal Highness Prince Albert, observing that it was mainly to that distin guished personage they must look for the encouragement of those fine arts in which all present were so deeply in- terested. . . - The next toast was •' His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, and the rest of the Royal Family." The CHAIRMAN then said—l beg to propose as the next toast "The Army and Navy. (Cheers.) Under ordinary circumstances that toast would be received with pleasure, but at the present moment I am not surprised that it should be drunk on all public occasions with enthusiasm, and I may perhaps be allowed to express my firm assurance that the enterprise upon which our sol diers and our sailors are embarked will be crowned with success and triumph—(cheers) —and sure I am that their achievements will furnish ample m a t er i a l s fo r the skill of the painter and sculptor upon future occasions. The Hon. C. S. HARDINGE, in acknowledging die toast, said, he did so in Obedience •to the wish of his right hon. friend the chairman, for otherwise he should have felt that he had no claim whatever to intrude upon them beyond the fact that he bore the name of the Com mander-in-Chief, and he need not tell them how proud he was to bear that name, (Hear.) He would only add that it was his confident belief that in any future operations our brave soldiers and sailors would prove to their country and to the world that they were is every way worthy of the confidence which had been reposed in them, and that, in the words of the poet—. " Still in the cause they'd ardent prove Of glory, chivalry, and love." (Cheers.) The CHAIRMAN—It is now my duty to appeal to your sympathies in behalf of that institution, a regard for whose fortunes has assembled us together this evening. We are met here for purposes of benevolence—to miti gate the sufferings and to soften the necessities of some of our fellow creatures; but we must not forget that those fellow creatures are members of a particular class, whose pursuits, whose feelings, and whose misfortunes are not the feelings, the pursuits, or the misfortunes of the masses of mankind. An artist is a man whose course is carved out for him by a natural predisposition which he finds irresistible ; he is a being whose life must be de voted to the contemplation, and sometimes to the crea tion of the beautiful, and the rules which apply to the conduct of ordinary life, the prudential principles which regulate all other pursuits and professions, cannot and ought not to apply to him. It may be his destiny to devote himself to labours which his own generation may not appreciate, and be may have to elevate and even to create the taste of the times in which he is destined to live, though not to flourish. (Hear, hear.) On the other hand, he may be one who, with an enchanted pencil, may captivate the public taste; but the public taste in all countries, and especially in a country ,not e educated for art, is essentially capricious, and he run find that patronage and that support which he had en joyed suddenly fail him altogether. But, whether he labours for posterity or devotes himself to the passing hour, for the artist is that sad destiny which awaits all the labours of 'the brain—depression, despondency; that inertness which arises from the nervous sysi tem being overthrown, and that impotence - .:of execution which often results from physical calamity when the conceptions of the soul are still dear, and the idea to be executed still vivid. (Cheers.) Stow ; as has been the recognition of the claims of artists and of their misfortunes in this country, it has been almost equalled by the slowness of the recognition of the alaimi of their literary brethren. It has required time even in a country so wealthy, so advanced, and intelligent as our own—it has required a long course of time before the great mass of the community have felt that sym pathy with the artist and with the author in his distress which they willingly extended to other classes of the community. (Cheers.) Is it true that we are so entirely absorbed in money-making, that we are so entirely de, voted to material interests, that a general feeling for. the fine arts cannot be supported and maintained in England ? If we examine the evidence which we have before us, I must confess it does not seem to me to sUb stantiate that theory. Who, for example, are the most. munificent and most influential patrons of fine arts `; Do we not find them among the •most busy classes - V (Cheers.) The people. who are supposed to be entirely devoted to the pursuits of material fortune, the manufac turers and the merchants of England, are among the most eminent patrons of the flue arts ; and one of the great features of the present day is the taste shown by the middle classes for the fine arts. (Hear.) Ido not_ . mean to say for a moment that the aristocracy of Eng-.: land have not always been most distinguished by their, taste for, and foremost in their support of the 'fine arts, by which they have benefited in the refinement and cul tivation of their own minds ; but it is unquestionable that the most munificent patrons of the fine arts are found among the middle classes. There are many in this room who are so familiar with the constitution of this noble society that for me to attempt to recommend it is scarcely necessary. There are other means by which artists in distress and suffering may find relief. and support, but they are means obtained solely by corn- - , bination among themselves, and devoted solely to those: artists who contributed to the fund, I entertain the utmost respect for an institution of that kind, and I rejoice to hear that it has been attended with success ful results, but the present institution acts upon a wider basis, and proposes to itself snore extended results: We ask the whole of the community to come forward ' and express their sympathy with English artists. It is a matter of much gratification to find that although the present institution is on so extended a principle, many artists have contributed largely to its funds, and, not withstanding its revenues are not so largo as might . be desired, those who have examined the records of its dia.! - tribution will see that it has been attended with the greatest advantage. The number of cases relieved during the past year is 65, and we cannot but 'feel that it must be most consolatory to the artist to know that when he is go ne his brethren will not forgot him, and th a t those nearest and dearest to him will not be left• utterly helpless. (Cheer's.) Years ago, when the sympathies of men with artists were still less, when the sufferings of artiste were still more acute, and when their position was still more difficult than at present, this institution effected great benefit.; in the interval which is approaching it is destined to ; confer still greater advantages, and it is an institution 'which I believe will in some future day be looked back upon with a sort of classic feeling as one that was re ceived when the sympathies of people were not so fresh and full, and an institution the principles of which were ultimately recognised by the nation, because they were 'founded on truth and formed for sacred purposes. (The 'right hon, chairman resumed his seat amid the cheers of the inectin:z.) Sir C. EAST LAKE begged to propose the next toast, which was " The Health of their Chairman." (Cheers.) The CHAIRMAN briefly acknowledged the toast, and proceeded to propose " Success to the Royal Academy," which, he said, was an institution in which all artists were deeply interested, and which, he was happy to ob serve, was one of the most successful institutions ever established in this country. The president of that in stitution was, by a happy association, president of the Artists' I3edevolent Institution, and the chair had never been occupied by any one who had more in his works carried out that high ideal feeling and that passive re pose which were essential elements of the beautiful. When he proposed his health he was sure the name would be received with feelings of the highest respect. Sir C. EASTLAKE,. in returning thanks, expressed the interest that had always been felt in this institution by the members of the Royal Academy, and said he should alWays endeavour to support it, being per 7. suaded from his own experience, and an intimate ac quaintance with its operations, that its funds were judiciously administered. (Hear, bear.) Lord DIIFFERIN then, in a few words, proposed "The British Institution, and all the other societies established for the promotion of the fine arts ;" after which eelhe the list C. R. COCKERELL, R.A. th e treasurer, re,.:- list of donations and subscriptions, which, in cludin g a legacy from the late J. R. Durrant, Esq., of 1,870/., amounted to 2,3921. o o'clock the ther m t a o n as l t e s ft w t e h r e e c p h r a o i p r, o s e cc il l a a t n h d e a c h e omupt Variousll ny retired. --- Tug EMPEROR'S VASE AT ASCOT.—For some time past it has been a matter of speculation and inquiry in the sporting world whether, under existing circum stances, the piece of plate, value 300 sovereigns, which the Emperor of all the Russias has for the last nine years presented to the British public, to be run for over Ascot-heath, and which has formed the great race of the meeting, will this year be included in the Thursday's programme. The plate has been or d ere d , an d m i g ht, had the stewards of the Jockey Club felt so inclined, have been contended for as usual; but, on Saturday last, it was announced that the stewards, in conjunction with the noble Master of the Buckhounds (the Earl of Bessborough), who is one of the stewards of the Ascot meeting volute officii have on due consideratiOn deter mined to decline the proffered gift. The race will this year reassume the shape of the old Ascot Cup, being for a pieco of plate of 300 sovereigns value, made up by the grant of 200 sovereigns from the race fund, added to .a sweepstakes of 20 sovereigns each. We have reason to believe that this decision has given very general satis faction, ;h3, liiia •daY at- 311 ,1 Y r or .0(0 ate' isito I for. 7aAl „to, l oll' sec', re' anti P' • i• of k of jet• ,re b)" U