The Sun. — London, England, 1854-09-21 00:00:00

TUE WEATHER.—Sint Orprcn, SEPT. 21. TIIER3IOIfETER, IN THZ SLIDE. 71 —highest since noon yesterday. 50 —lowest this morning and during the night. 63—this day at noon. BAROMETER, 30'16. WIND, N.W. to W.N.W.—Fresh, with cloudy weather and occasional sunshine. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.- leSsoe, Mr. E. T. SM.llli.—The great Tragedian. G. V. BROOKE, for Seven Nights only, previous to his departure for Australia.—Pa/11lc attention is respectfully directed to these, the final performances of Mr. G. V. Brooke in Englaxid.—Monday, October 2, VIRGINIUS; Virginlus, Mr. G. V. Brooks. Tuesday, Oct. 3, The Hunchback: Master Walter, Mr. G. V. Brooke. Wednesday, Oct. 4, Richard 111. ; Glocester, Mr. G. V. Brooke. Thursday, Oct. 5, The Stranger ; the Stranger, Mr. G. V. Brooke. Friday, Oct. 6, Othello ; Othello, Mr. G. V. Brooke. Saturday, Oct. 7, Hamlet ; Hamlet, Mr. G. V. Brooke. And on Monday, Oct. 5, for Mr. G. V. Brooke's Benefit, Macbeth; Macbeth, Mr. G.'l'. Brooke (his last appearance). LAST TEN NIGHTS. J4YC ILL Al TN EATRE .-HENRY RUSSELL, THIS EVENING (the 22d time), September 21st, and every Evening. Many friends having expressed a wish that Mr. Russell should appear again previous to finally withdrawing his Entertainment, he has, in compliance with their request, made arrangements to appear ever, evening. Mr. RUSSELL will present THE FAR WEST; or, THE PROGRESS of the EMIGRANT from the OLD WORLD to the NEW. Mr. Russell will relate his anecdotes, and sing several new songs, " Cheer, Boys, cheer," " Far, far upon the Sea," " Sunshine after Rain," " Land I Laud ! Land !" " The Falls of Niagara," " Long have we been parted," " I'm Afloat," " Many changes have I seen," " The Icebergs" (descriptive song), "Newfoundland Dog," "The Gambler's Wife," &c. he Second Part of the Entertainment will consist of a Series ci Sketches, entitled NEGRO LIFE in Freedom and Slavery. Dress Circle, 2s. 6d. ; Upper Boxes, Is. ; Pit, Is. ; Gallery, 6.1. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LAN.E. The public is respectfully informed that this Theatre is EVE OPE N - N, under an entire new direction, for Three We eks on y.— ING her Majesty's servants will perform Wallace's Opera, MARI TANI. Charles If., Mr. Dusek ; Don Caesar de Hazen, Mr. Elliott Galer ; Don Jose de Santareen, Mr. 11. Corri ; Haze n , M i d Men - tehorl, Miss Selby; Mantana, Mme. llnderidorff. ro conclude with a new Ballet Divertissement, entitled D'I3LE DR NYMPH k.:3, —Upper Gallery, (id. ; Lower Gallery. Is. Pit,Upper Boxes 3s. ; Dress Circle, 45.; Smits, ss. ; Private Boxes, 15,, 11. I s., lie. 6d., and 21. 25., to be had at the Box.-office, and of the pri nc ip a l' librarians and music-sellera. THEATRE ROYAL iLAYAAHKEr. Under the management of Mr. biackstone. TIIIS EVENING, SEPT. 21, 'Will be performed THE IRISH 43113 A SA.C.OR. Characters by !tiessrs. lindion, Chippendale, Rowe, Rogers, and Culleatord Miss Reynolds and Mrs. Buckingham. followed by the SPANTISII DANCERS in a NEW BALLET. To be followed by THE IRISH LIO Principal character by Mr. Hudson. After which, the Spanish Dancers in a New Ballet. To conclude with A FISH OUT OF WATER. THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHI. Proprietor, Mr. B. Webster.—Directress. Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING, SEPT. 21, Will he performed the popular Drimt of THE DISCARDED SON. Priucbal characters by Messrs. Selby, Murray, Belford, and Keeley ; Mrs. [Cooley, and Ilse Woo[gar. After which, MON'SIEUR JACQUES. To conclude with NORifA. Pr.ncipal character by Mr. Paul Redford. STRAND THEI TRE. S )1e Lessee Mr. F. W. Allcrott. THIS EVENING, SEPT. 21, Will be performed HARD TINIEi. To be followed by THE NEW WAGS OF WINDSOR. To conclude with NEVER TASTE WISE AT TLIE DOCKS. Sttlis, 4i.; Boxes, 2s. 6d.; Pit, Is.; Gallery, 6d.; Prtvz,t., II Is , to be had of Mr. Alleroft. 15, New Bond-street. ASTLErS Lessee and Manager, Mr. William Cooke. Fourth aupearance:of those celebrated Equestrians from Paris, J. Palmer and Mlle. Caroline. THIS EVENING, The thrilling and interesting Eque trian Spectacle, THE WOOD MAN'S HORSE; or, THE FALSE KNIGIII'. After which, the Graphic SCENES in th 3 CIRCLE, in which Mr. William Cooke will introduce the "Smallest Horse in he World." Miss Emily Cooke w 11 appear, M. Palmer, and .►llle. Caroline. The whole to conclude with the Equestrian Burlesque (compressed into one act), THE SIEGE OF TROY ; ur, THE GIANT ILJRSE. Box-oftlee open from Eleven till Four. Stage Ntani,er. . Ny.i.t. Acting Manager, Mr. W IL Cooke. Equestrian Director, sir. Win. Cooke, jun. I'TGLI WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tuts DAY —Morning 28 rain.after 1 I Evening 45 niln.aft. 1 To .3 011.P.0W Morning 0 inin.after 2 I Evening 1G min.ill. 2 gi 1 1) szA "- LONDON, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1854. The same uncertainty still prevails with respect to the proceedings of the Anglo-French Expedi tion ; and, as we intimated on Tuesday, every description of " Canard" is anxiously circulated and greedily swallowed. It is positively asserted that Odessa has again been bombarded, and that all the strand batteries recently erected have been destroyed. It is also stated that the town was on fire in three places, and that most of the inhabi tants had retreated to Tirasopol, the city of refuge indicated by the atrocious proclamation of General KRUSENSTERN, to which we have already directed public attention. It is also said that the squadron under Admiral LYONS had bombarded Anapa, on the Asiatic coast, while the rumoured explosion of a powder magazine at Perekop, with great loss of life to the Russians, and some damage to two vessels of the allied fleet, would seem to indicate that a demonstration had been made in that direo tion also. From these varied statements it is attempted to argue that there is no real intention of attempt ing the capture of Sebastopol during the present season. We cannot, however, in any degree con cur with this opinion. Even if all the accounts were correct, a matter by no means certain, we can easily discern the propriety of these simulta neous attacks, which would greatly favour the landing of the troops, by directing the attention of the enemy to so many different points at the same time. The point of disembarkation has hitherto been kept a strict secret—almost the only one, by the way, that has not been corn munica,ted as well to foes as friends. It might be possible that the destination of the allied troops was the Asiatic coast, to co-ope rate with the Turkish army, and expel the Russians from that quarter and restore freedom to the Caucasian districts. The attack on Anapa, which is about the same distance to the east of Sebastopol that Odessa is on the north-west, would seem to favour this notion, and prevent any reinforcement to the division in the Crimea. The bombardment of Odessa would have the same effect in another direction, if, as is more than hinted, a large body of men had not already been detached to Sebastopol ; while the assault on Perekep would appear intended at the same time to prevent the entrance of new troops into the Crimea, and cut off the retreat of those already there. Besides, it must be remembered, that a sufficient portion of the allied fleets has been re tained to prevent the exit of any Russian vessels from Sebastopol ; and th a t, i n the event of a grand naval attack, where the force would be re quired, the outlying squadron s Could be reealled within 24 hours at the outside, so far, then, from conceiving that these various demonstrations are conclusive against the regular onslau ght against Sebastopol, we think that they argue strongly in favour of the only step that would b e 'worthy of the Western Powers, or which would repay th e magnitude of the preparations entered into. Tho capture of Sebastopol, and the destruction of the Russian fleet, would be an event that would completely annihilate the pretensions of Russia in the East for at least a century to come. With the fall of that stronghold, from whence it is enabled to threaten the whole of the Turkish dominions, both in Europe and Asia, and even the capital itself, a high authority (Marshal INIAnmoNr) considered that within five days " the Russian fleet, from Sebastopol, with 12,000 troops on board, might pass the Bosphorus, and take up such a position as circumstances might die, tate, whilst another army could cross the Danube, pass the Balkan, and place itself at Adrianople— these movements being effected with so much promptitude and facility that in Paris and Lon don the intimation of the departure of the arma ment, and of its arrival on the scene of action, THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING SEPTEMBER 21 3 181S4 would probably be received together, the opera tions being of such a nature that no circumstance whatever could prevent their being carried into execution." It must not be forgotten that these observations of the Duke de RAGUSA. are of 20 years' stand ing, and that since that time the powers of steam have been greatly developed, and that the electric telegraph has been discovered. But notwithstand ing these advantages, it is manifest that the AUTOCRAT could, at any moment, if the status quo were established, and he still retained his menacing position and fleet at Sebastopol, and that the provisions of the Treaty of Unkiar-Skelessi were still recognised, take possession of Constantinople. Marshal MARMONT thought that he could retain that position despite " the most energetic efforts of the three Powers"—England, France, and Austria. Without entering into a discussion on that subject, it is quite clear that no peace can be of a permanent or lasting character unless the CZAR is deprived of the means of offence so greatly calculated to lead him into temptation. While Sebastopol remains in his hands, Austria will be afraid to brave his wrath. She will still (if allowed) play " fast and loose" with the Western Powers, seeking to prevent the humiliation, and to maintain the power of her northern neighbour, and also to appropriate for herself any advantages that may be acquired by the allied troops — advantages for which she has not laboured, and in which she can therefore have no right to partici pate. When, however, it has fallen, the time servers of Vienna will speak out. They will then know that they have no longer anything to fear from their once formidable neighbour, and, accord ing to their wont, will be quite prepared to kick the lion whose claws had been so effectually pared. The capture of Sebastopol and the Crimea would, probably, be followed by the whole of Southern Russia, comprising the provinces of Bessarabia, Cherson, Taurida, and Ekaterinoslovs. The independence of Georgia and Circassia would be established, and NICHOLAS could no longer in fluence the FREDERICK WILLIAM of the East—the imbecile and wavering Shah of PERSIA. This would insure the Anglo-Indian empire from the attacks that would inevitably follow the subjuga tion of the Porte. The fall of Sebastopol would be the only result worthy of acceptance. Without that, and the cession at least of the Crimea, peace can never be established on a permanent and last ing foundation. Notwithstanding the boasted liberty of con science allowed to all the inhabitants of Great Britain, we have, even wititin the present week, witnessed two striking cases of oppression, where the parties were punished because they would not do that which they believed to be forbidden by the Divine Law, and obey the orders of man rather than what they believed to be the injunc tions of the DEITY. It is indeed deplorable to think that such things are possible at the present time, when every Englishman boasts of the uni versal toleration which he believes to be the lot of his happy land. The first of these cases is one that has already been provided for by Parliament, and which can not, we trust, be repeated after the 24th proximo. It was occasioned by what we are accustomed to consider an over-strained interpretation of the sacred precept " Swear not at all." We believe that it applies to profane swearing, or at least that which has been lightly or recklessly resorted to. But it is certain that there are many upright and conscientious men who receive it in its literal sense, and who would endure any suffering or per secution rather than wilfully disobey it. Wher ever these scruples are really entertained they should be respected. The law of the land has recognised their propriety in certain cases, where the parties belong to certain denominations, known as Quakers, Moravians, or Separatists ; but there are many others who, although not connected with any of these sects, do not consider it "I awful" to swear for any purpose whatsoever. The Com mon Law Procedure Act of last session, which will come into op3ratien on the 24th of October, authorises the presiding Judge to dispense with the oath, and to receive an affirmation or declara tion whenever he believed that the objection was honest and bona fid.. And thus, although a mistake may occur after that time, there is even reason to hope that no man will hereafter be punished for a conscientious refusal to be sworn in any matter. In the case referred to in the foregoing obser vations, a person had been fined for non-attend ance at the last Middlesex Sessions. On Monday he came forward to show cause why this fine (101.), which he stated would be utterly ruinous to him, should not be levied. He was, however, stopped in liming by the Assistant-Judge, who told him that "he should either pay the fine or be sworn." He replied, that "he could not pay, and he would not take the oath." The Assistant- Judge told him that ho could not help him unless he was sworn. The unfortunate man then left the Court, to brood over the probable view that awaited him, by which his home might be broken up, and himself consigned to a prison, and his family to a workhouse. • Now, we entertain a high respect for Sergeant AnAsrs—we believe him to be a high-minded and honourable man, desirous of faithfully administer ing justice to all men brought within his jurisdic tion. He, occasionally, is wrong, for— "To err, is human." But still there are few men who do not more frequently commit mistakes than kind-hearted, " honest JACK ADAMS." Nothing, then, but an imperative sense of duty would induce us to cen sure one for whom both as a man and a Judge we entertain unfeigned regard. We think that Ser geant ADAMS was decidedly in error when he re fused even to listen to the statement unless it were sworn to. It was not like a civil or crimi nal trial, whore the matter could not be received unless verified by an oath. There could, there fore, be no failure of justice through the scruple of the party. The fine was altogether within the discretion of the Judge, and he might remit it, if in any way satisfied that there were grounds for such indulgence. An oath was clearly not indis pensable under such circumstances, and we deeply regret the suffering unnecessarily occasioned for conscience sake at the present era, and hope that, those who honour such a feeling may contri bute the small amount necessary to extricate the unfortunate Juryman from the difficulty in which he has been involved. In the other case a similar principle is involved, although the consequences may be less serious to the party. M r . E. L UCAS , coa l an d flour mer chant, Millbauk-street, Westminster, was sum mFiornsoetdvbfeaoytrt refusing to supply a horse and waggon to c on vey a battalion portion t h n o e f baggage seoteF u l e a i e li l belonging g iGn Guards a r to d the e to one of th e stations. The defendant being A member o f withrailrweatid te Society ea te have h ofFr l i o e e n g ds e (N e v rt h (whose scruples_ fognised by Parliament), and also of the Reace Society, refused to cotuP sum moned before the MagistriaYie, at eß Bow-street, s t r s thene e t a , nd, fined O ie s e . ued, ln a d n e d fa t ul h e t of fn paymentpersistin persisting i d n ie t t h r e ese ref w us a l arr , a fi nnt amount seized. Now, we concur with the defendant in think ingopinions -were this a great hardship. His well known ; and the requisition was p resen t e d, not in the hope of obtaining the use of the horse and waggon, but of mulcting him of a cer t a i n sum of money. There might, of course, be occa sions where it would be essential to press the car riage ; but, in such case, it would be taken forcibly, and no pecuniary fine would be inflicted. It will not be supposed that it is from any sym pathy with the twaddlers of the Peace Society that we put forward these remarks ; but we re spect the scruples of Mr. LUCAS as a member of the Society, and unhesitatingly say that the Magistrate exercised a singular want of discretion in inflicting more than a nominal fine. It is too bad to have a distress issued for any sum what soever against the goods of a meritorious citizen for refusing to do what he believed to be con trary to his duty as a Christian. We earnestly hope that the Legislature may next session pre vent the possibility pf a repetition of such pro ceedings. THE A.HIRIOIN MINISTER AT MANOHESTRR.—The American ambassador to this country, the Hon. James Buchanan, arrived in Manchester, on Saturday evening, from York, on a private visit to Mr. Steil, of the firm of Orofts and Stell, the well-known North American merchants in that city. His Excellency was entertained at a private dinner party, at the residence of Mr. Stoll, Broom-house, Cheetham. LIVERPOOL, Wednesday.—This forenoon the United States mail steam-ship Arctic, Captain James C. Luce, sailed from the Mersey for New York with the usual mails, and a full complement of passengers and cargo on l i freight. The Indus, which left Southampton yesterday with the East India and China mail, took out the large num ber of 163 passengers ; she took out also a quantity of coffee for the British army and fleet in the East. A large quantity of medical stores for the English fleet and army in the East, which arrived in Southampton after the cargo of the Indus was on board, could not be sent out for want of room. A letter from Toulon, dated yesterday, states that a portion of the Russian prisoners captured at Bomarsund are expected there, to be employed in repairing the for tifications. Considerable activity prevails in the dock yard, in fitting out ships to reinforce the fleet in the Back Sea. General Guyon has been finally recalled from Kars. He is or was a good soldier, but the dislike with which he is regarded by the officers makes his recall necessary, liven if undeserved. Le Phare de la Manche mentions the arrival at Cher bourg of the several transports returning from the Baltic with the first divisionsof the expeditionary corps. On Sunday morning, a funeral service was per formed in the chapel of the military hospital of Lille, in memory of seven hospital orderlies be longing to that place, who had been ordered, six weeks Lefire, to join the expedition to the Baltic, where they fell victims to the epidemic. On the catafalque erected in the centre of the chapel were placed the uniform and the modest insignia of the deceased, among whom were two sergeants and a corporal. At the extremity, behind the altar was displayed a trophy of arms, and the walls were hung in black velvet. dotted with silver drops. This funeral cere mony, which was attended by several superior officers and the whole of the hospital staff, had attracted a con siderable crowd, who joined with great fervour in the prayers for the repose of the souls of these soldiers, who met their death in the service of their country. THE PINCH OF WAR IN RUSSIA.—The Russians not in their own country, and travellers arriving from the dominions of the Emperor Nicholas, give but a sorry picture of the situation in which the Muscovite nation now is. The nobles, from inability to sell their corn, are sadly distressed, and are mortgaging their property to a great hypothecary establishment, and the government is • customer at the same time. The cereals now stored up in the southern ports of Russia are estimated at not less than 16 millions of hectolitres. Not being able to export them, the owners are selling them at the very lowest prices. The Russian Government is obliged to take from the proprietors what is required for the keep of the troops, informing those from whom they take that the value of what is taken shall be deducted from their contributions. Nevertheless this indemnification is not conceded at present.—lndependence Beige. THE RIOTS AT SCHIEDAM. The Burgomaster of Schiedam has discharged the order forbidding more than two persons to stand together in the streets, The mili tary also have been withdrawn. CONFESSION or THREE MURDERS.—The Banner of Ulster says :—" David Shaw, a soldier of the 92d depot, at present stationed in Belfast, has confessed himself to be a murderer on three different occasions in the city of Troy (U.S.) One of the victims, it is stated, was an Italian boy, named Antonia, an organ-player, and the others an aged couple. Shaw, who is a native of America, and about whose statement there is a good deal of mystery, is at present in the gaol of Belfast, un dergoing the sentence of a court-martial." The printing press and types of the Dundalk Demo crat, together with sundry other goods and chattels of the proprietor, have been seized at the suit of Lord Olen - flout for the sum of 3301., the amount of the ver dict obtained by his lordship, and of the bill of costs in the late action for libel against that journal. It is sup- , posed that the indemnity fund at present in course of collection from Mr. Cartan will prevent the paper from being discontinued. LIMP Itlta STOLIN ST A LITTBR-CAlllLlER.—Yesterday • 1• ter carrier at Manchester ' named Thomas Peroeval, was brought up, on remand, before the magistrates, charged with stealing a letter containing six rings, be longing to Mr. Pope, jeweller, Cannon-street, value 401. It was proved that the prisoner was letter-carrier for the 4tk division, including Cannon street, and that on the 3d August the rings were posted by Mr. James Harrison, jeweller, Birmingham, but were never de livered. The further hearing of this case was adjourned. ALLEGED MURDER.—CowEs, Sept. 20.—Jose Mar tinez de Castro, a Portuguese sailor, one of the crew of the American ship Alestro, Captain Bassett, which has recently put in here from Havana to receive orders, was brought up yesterday, on an extradition warrant, under the Ashburton treaty, obtained from the Secretary of State, before Captain Berners, for examination, on the charge of having murdered Charles L. Rutter, chief mate of the above ship. After some inquiry, the magis trate decided that the case was not one of murder, and he thereforelcould not go further into the case. The Por tuguese was discharged. HYDROPHOBIA IN • HORSII.—A correspondent of the Mark-lane Express, dating from Whetstone, relates the following case :—Six or seven weeks ago I had a valu able cart mare bitten by a strange dog. My man was in the chaff-house, and he was aroused by a sudden rearing, plunging, and unusual noise ; he immediately entered the stable, and thought he saw a small dog jump out of the manger and leave the stable ; he thought this must have frightened the animal, as it was dusk. I told him to bring it out to the light, when we observed three or four long scratches or incisions just deep enough to draw blood ; an uneasy thought crossed my mind at the moment, but it was soon forgotten, and it was only last week that I was pleasing myself that the mare was improving in condition. On Monday last she appeared to have a sore throat. I sent for the farrier, who administered some remedy, and ordered fomenta tion, which was very frequently applied. She appeared something better on Tuesday morning, but towards evening became worse, and eventually quite rabid— starting and shivering at the sound of water, and snap ping at everything within reach—and at last we found it necessary to kill her. DREADFUL RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—FALL OE A TUN NEL.—LEEDS, Tuesday Noon.—A portion of the Bran hope tunnel, about six and a quarter miles from Leeds, on the Leeds and Thirsk, or Leeds northern section of the lines now amalgamated under the title of the North Eastern Railway Company's lines fell in this forenoon, about half-past eleven o'clock, as a long passenger train was passing through it from the north towards Leeds. The tunnel in question is nearly three miles long, and its northern entrance is within a very short distance from the station from Arthington, Pool, Otley, Ilkley, Sec. A vast quantity of water was encountered in the course of constructing the tunnel, and was not over come without the expenditare of a vast sum of money for labour, materials, and engineering skill. At the present moment it is hazardous to venture an opinion as to the cause of the accident ; but it may happen that the fall of the tunnel has been owing to the water with which some of the strata of the ridge of hills through which the tunnel passes are, undoubtedly, disturbed. Three of the carriages have been buried in the debris o the tunnel. No lives were lost. fIIPORTANT TO RAILWAY COMPANIES AND EXCUR siweses.—On Tuesday, a case of much interest was heard at Oxford, by the city magistrates, before whom four r espectable tradesmen of that city and neighbour hood were summoned at the instance of the Great Westerießailway Company, for having on the 14th inst. made use of a ticket issued on the 13th, whereby the company' "ere defrauded in the sum of ls. 14d. by each. The facts were as follow :--On the 13th, Wychwood Forest Fair was held, and to induce the Oxonians to be present, the Worcester andWolverhempton Rail way Com pany advertised trains to go at stated times in the day from Oxford to Charlbury—the latter place being the nearest station to the forest—of which upwards of 1,100 availed themselves, and to start back at six o'clock, and every hour after up to eleven o'clock, the return ticket for the day being charged at the single fare price. The defendants were too late for the last train, and conse quently had to stay all night at Charlbury. On the fol lowing morning they left by the first train, and on arriv ing at Oxford, refused to pay their fare, ls. 1 d. , which was demanded of them. The defendants contended that the railway company had broke faith with the public by not carrying out their contract. And to show that they were anxio us to get back to Oxford that night, they had been from ,Charlbury to the station twice between the hours of 9 and 11 o'clock, but there were no trains to convey them. The Charlbury station master admitted that, although the company advertised trains to start back ewer hour, that only three started instead of seven. The magistrates consulted with closed doors, and on the admission of the public, the chairman ari -1 nounced that they were unanimous in dismissing the summons, and that the costs must be p aid b y the com pany. The parties, we understand, intend bringing an action in the Oxford County Court against the company for loss of time and their nig,ht's expenses at Charlbury. DISGRACEFUL SCENE.—A young man suddenly seized with cholera in a lodging house in Back of the Barns, Hamilton, was forcibly turned out by the inmates to the open street. The doctor and inspector of poor were im mediately sent for, when the man was found in the first stage of collapse. The inspector insisted on the patient being removed back into the house, on which the in mates forthwith deserted it, carrying with them every stick and rag of plenishing in the house, leaving the sick man bare boards and walls. The inspector and medical visitor provided a nurse, and gave the poor fellow every attention. A considerable crowd was gath ered in the I street, who were - very loud in condemnation of the in human and cowardly conduct of the lodging-house peopIe.—QICKPW COURT CIRCULAR. BALMORAL, SEPT. 18. Yesterday her Majesty the Queen and his Royal Highness the Prince, attended by her Grace the Duchess of Wellington, the Hon. Elinor Stanley, Major-General the Hon. C. Grey, and Col. the Hon. C. Phipps, were present at Divine service at the parish church at Crathie. The Rey. A. Anderson performed the service. SEPTEMBER 19. Her Majesty the Queen and the Prince walked out yesterday, and in the afternoon drove in the neighbour hood of Abergeldie. The royal children took exercise on horseback and on foot. A deputation from the parish of St. Clement Bangs had an interview yesterday with the President of the General Board of Health at his office, Whitehall. The deputation consisted of Messrs. J. Turnbull, T. Chap man, and J. Livett. THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF 'SCIENCE. LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY. A meeting of the general committee was held this afternoon at 1 o'clock, at St. George's Hall, and some preliminary business was transacted. A report was read from the Kew Observatory, which is under the direction of the Association, relating to certain improvements in astronomical instruments. Another one was read from the Parliamentary Committee, and was also received. The officers for the various sections were then appointed, and the meeting separated. This evening, the Earl of Harrowby will deliver the .naugural address at the Philharmonic Hall. TILE CHOLERA. * TO THE EDITOR OP THE SUN. Sir;, — Having noticed in The Sun of Saturday, 9th inst., the extrardinary statement made to Alderman Farebrother, attributing the cholera to the old and de composed wheat consumed in this and other countries, I respectfully request the insertion of the following, which will, I think, plainly show that bad bread, if not the sole cause of cholera, tends greatly to aggravate that disease. In the year 183 G, the British Legion were quartered in Vittoria, and duffing that time the ration bread be came worse and worse, until it was at such a quality the men could scarcely eat it, in proportion as the bread became bad, so sickness appeared, and increased to such an extent that the mortality was frightful. The men were seized with sickness and purging, accompanied by fever, and a jaundiced appearance. It was called by various names—flux, dysentery, black fever, &c. It matters little what name we gave it, the work of death was well per formed, the troops died by hunlreds, and numbers wero unfit for duty. Stalking through the town like ghosts —such frightful ravages did it make, that several regiments were broken up and ceased to be. At length it was rumoured the bread was poisoned, and this gained ground until it was proved it had been adul terated to a great extent ; and the two bakers, who bad been in the pay of the enemy, were arrested, and suf fered death by the garotte. Many were the reasons assigned as the cause of the mortality. One I well re member to be, that rye flour had been used in a diseased state, well known as ergoted. Now, ergot of rye (the Secale Cornuta of the druggists) is a powerful medicine ; and, on referring to Gray's Supplement to the Phar inacopheia, I find this explanation :—" The discoloured flour of spurred rye (ergot) mixed with bread, occasions gangrene of extremities"—gangrene or mortification of the extremities. Now, is not this enough to cause the strictest investigation to be made as to the quality of the flour consumed in this country? If rye is not used some vile compound is sold for flour that is not fit for human food ; and I question if wheat kept for years, until it is alive with animalcuim and stinking enough to poison us, would not engender disease, and predispose us to cholera. The greater part of the cheap flour is consumed by the poor, and they are sufferers by disease to a greater extent than those who can procure more wholesome food. If Government can pass a bill to insure us the quality of a gold chain—an article for ornament—surely their attention ought to be called to the quality of flour, so that the public shall not be compelled to eat any trash that may be brought to the market, to the danger of their lives. Wheat has been stored in this country for many years, and some was sold not long back that, according to the statement of the man who dressed it, "was all alive, and the smell of it was enough to suffocate him." I hope the medical body will turn their attention to this subject, for it is one of vital importance to the public. W. S. GERARD. Botolph-street, Norwich, Sept. 20, 1854. AlAzzINL—We are authorised to state positively that the report of Mazzini's arrest at Basle is false, and that he is safe. DEATH OF THE HON. CAPTAIN GORE.—The Wexford Independent, alluding to this melancholy event, parti culars of which arrived by the Great Western, says : " We regret to hear of the death of Captain the Hon. Robert Gore, R.N., her Majesty's ChargC d'Affaires at Monte Video, which melancholy event took place sud denly, on the 4th August, from apoplexy. DEATH OF SIR GEORGE ARTHUR, BART.—Wo are sorry to announce the demise of this much-respected baronet, who expired on Tuesday, at his town residence, after a lengthened illness, Sir George entered the army in 1304, as ensign in the 91st Foot, attained the rank of major-general in 1846, and was appointed colonel of the 50th Foot in 1853. Sir George was Lieutenant-Gover nor of Upper Canada, previously to the union of the upper and lower provinces ; and from 1842 to 1846 he filled the important office of Governor of Bombay. The deceased baronet was born at Plymouth in 1784, and married in 1814 the daughter of Major-General Sir John Smith. He is succeeded by his eldest son, Sir Frederick Arthur, Bart. DEATH OF THE MEMBER FOR FROME.—The last mail from the East announces the death of the Hon. Cul. Boyle, member for Frome. The gallant officer suc cumbed, on the 3d inst., atVarna, to repeated attacks of fever, in the 43d year of his age. His remains were com mitted to the deep by order of Admiral Dundas, to whom he was related. The deceased officer was second surviving son of the Bth Earl of Cork and Orrery. His military career began in 1826, when he entered the army as ensign ; he became a captain and lieutenant-colonel in the Coldstream Guards in 1845, and a major in the army in 1846. Last year he was appointed secretary to the Master-General of the Ordnance. In politics he was a Liberal, and has represented Frome in Parliament since 1847. _ _ _ _ _ OXFORD, Sept. 20.—The funeral of the Rev. William Thompson, D.D., principal of this hall and rector of Gatcombe, Isle of Wight, took place this morning. The mournful cortege left the Principal's lodgings soon after eleven o'clock, and proceeded to the chapel of St. Ed mund Hall. The beautiful service for the dead was most impressively read by the Rev. the Principal. The deceased lies buried within a few feet of his predecessor, Dr. Grayson. The perpetual right of nominating a principal of this hall was vested by an Act of Congrega tion, in 1559, in the hands of the Provost and Fellows of Queen's College. We understand th tt the election by the society of Queen's College is generally a mere matter of form—that, like any other piece of preferment be longing to the college, the Senior Fellow has the choice of accepting or refusing. The Senior Fellow is the Rev. William Fisher Audland, D.D. GILTSPUR-STREET CoMPTER.—This morning workmen were employed in marking out the remaining portions of the Giltspur-street Prison for sale in lots. The ne gotiation between the Corporation of the City, and of Christ Church Hospital has not terminated satisfactorily, and it has not been decided how the site is to be appro priated, but the ground is to be cleared with all possible despatch. RE-OPENING OP KING -STREET, CHEAPSIDB. This important thoroughfare, which has been closed for some time past for re-paving, was re-opened this morning, affording free access to Guildhall, and greatly assists the traffic from Cheapside, which is fearfully over-crowded, owing to Newgate-street arid the greater part of Gre sham-street having also been blocked up. DECREASE OF CHOLERA.—Yesterday the St. Pancras Sanitary Board held a meeting in the new Vestry-hall, King's-road, Camden town ; Mr. Wright in the chair. Reports were presented from the numerous medical staff of the parish. From each district the results are of the most gratifying character, and show a marked ameliora tion in the sanitary condition of the parish. Mr. Wor rell, registrar for the Gray's-inn-lane district, attended before the board, for the purpose of correcting a state ment which had been made through a weekly paper. THE NAVAL PACKET SERVICE AND THE WAR.—Ac cor,ling to the Government mail contract with the Royal West India Mail Company, if from any change in the relations between this kingdom and any foreign coun• tries, or from war or other causes distinctly of a public and national character, the rate of insurance for steam vessels, and the freight payable by the company for coals which may be sent out from the United Kingdom, to be used in the performance of their contract, and the rate of insurance on such coals shall have been raised above the averages of GI. Os. per cent. per annum, and 1/. 2s. Gd. per ton for the freight, and 2/. 2s. per cent. for the insurance of coals, the company shall be paid an additional yearly sum according to the increase above the aforementioned averages, but the additional sum is not to exceed 75.0001. per annum. The Royal West India Mail Company have made a claim on the Govern ment for nearly the whole of the above sum. CHANGES IN THE ARMY OP THE EAST.—CoI. Airey, late Brigadier-General of the 2d brigade of the Light Divi sioa, has been appointed Quartermaster -General of the array, in the room of Lord de Ros, who has come home. Col. Airey is to be succeeded in the command of his bri gade by Major-General Codrington, late Colonel of the Guards. Lieutenant-Colonel Wilbraham, 7th Regiment, has succeeded to the post of Adjutant-General to the 2d Division, vacant by the death of Colonel Maule. A melancholy accident happened during the embarka tion of the troops at Varna. One of the large boats, in which were a number of Zouaves, was upset, and from . 25 to 28 of them were drowned.—Sentaphere de Mar seilles. SIEGE OPERATIONS AT CHATHAM. —The Royal Sappers and Miners, together with those of the East India Com pany's service, are progressing with the works for the siege. The attack on the left of Chatham Lines is fast drawing to a termination, when the crowning of the glacis will be commenced. TM-, no doubt, will be effected by a lodgment, in which the single and flying sap will be employed, when breaching and counter bat teries will be constructed. When these works are com pleted a night attack and defence of a citadel will take place, in which troops of all arms of the garrison will take part.—Kentish Gazette. LATEST NEWS. THE WAR. THE EXPEDITION TO THE CRIMEA. LANDING OF THE TROOPS. VIENNA, WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 20. Advices from Constantinople of the 16th an nounce that 25,000 French, 25,000 English, and 8,000 Turks landed safely at Eupatoria on the 14th, without meeting any resistance. They immediately commenced marching on Se bastopol. The transports returned to Varna for the reserve. This is perfectly authentic. VIENNA, THURSDAY MORNING. Kertch has been blockaded by Admiral Lyons since the 4th. Ships, with troops, are off the fortress of Kin burn and Island of Tendra, near Odessa. This is doubtless with a view of intercepting any Russian reinforcements intended for the Crimea. CONSTANTINOPLE, SEPT. 11. The diplomatic rupture between Turkey and Persia is officially contradicted. A new council has been appointed to deliberate upon the complete application of the laws for strengthening the power of the Government, for the furtherance of the public welfare, for the general administration of justice, the re establishment of a financial system, and for the amelioration of the condition of all the subjects of the Porte. The Greek Ambassador has arrived at Con stantinople. Fuad Effendi is recalled from Thessaly. THE PRINCIPALITIES. ENGAGEMENT WITH BASHI-BAZOUKS FOUR HUNDRED KILLED. Accounts from Rutschuk mention a severe en counter between the regular Ottoman troops and the Bashi-bazouks. Omer Pacha had a large body of the latter surrounded. They refused to give up their arms, and fired upon the soldiers. Artillery was brought out, and a regular engagement ensued, ending in the destruction of 400 of these marau ders. The rest have been disarmed and sent home. A letter from Bucharest of the 10th states that the ex-Prince Milosch has been denounced as the head of a gang of spies, and that one of his agents has been arrested. The matter is being in vestigated. Notice had been given to Omer Pacha that the Austrian troops would enter Moldavia on the 16th by three points at the same time. members, must be constituted to discuss and regulate them. "Such are the points on which are concentrated our desires. Religion, zeal for the general good, and pa triotism, require that each one should labour with ardour in the solution of questions so useful to public affairs. " It will therefore be necessary that the Ministers and the functionaries, forgetting their particular advantage, should consecrate all their efforts to the general interests —interests in which each has naturally his part. "Let, therefore, the labour be sincerely and faithfully undertaken, with all the attention and all the zeal pos sible, for the organisation of the necessary rules and re gulations. " May the Most High recompense in this world as well as in the other those who march with zeal and pro bity in the way which we lay down, and may He punish those who dare to diverge from it. " So let it be." ATTACK ON SEBASTOPOL. The following is an extract of a letter from Con stantinople, just received : " Should a campaign commence against the enemy in the field it is impossible to say what time will elapse be fore the citadel and forts of Sebastopol are invested; but should the landing be unopposed and regular siege ope rations at once commenced, it is possible to obtain some thing like an approximation to the course of events for the next two or three weeks, so far as time is concerned. The troops can certainly be landed in three days, some persons say in less, but the former is the opinion of the more experienced, and accords with what has been al ready seen of the motions of the army. Should the de barkation therefore commence about the 11th, it will be complete, and the army ready to move by the 15th. I believe it is intended that, when the army, with its light guns, &c., has effected a landing, it should march to meet the transports with the heavy siege train, which will coast along to the neighbour hood of the town. The debarkation of the various munitions of war will occupy about a week ; and the engineering works for the attack of the place may be expected to commence about the 22d. A high authority declares his belief that the real work of the campaign will hardly commence before the Ist of Octo ber ; but it is probable that, if no delays occur, the work may be begun about a week sooner. Should it be pos sible to maintain an army in the Crimea up to the mid dle of November, these will be about six weeks to be devoted to the siege—a time perhaps sufficient, but cer tainly not too much, particularly when discouragement prevails, and the prophets of evil have hi g h comman d i n the attacking force. Enthusiasm, a neglect in attending to dates, and to the details of military movements, have a tendency to make people at home hurry forward the events of war in their imaginations. In this case the future may be cal. culated upon, for a short time at least, with some hope of accuracy, and therefore it will be as well for the pub lic not to look for the rews of any great event for a good fortnight after the sailing of the expedition. The course has been decided to be by the northern route, along the mouths of the Danube and the shores of Russia, so that it will be possible to anchor at any time. Should the weather be unfavourable, the transit may possibly occupy as much as 10 days." THE FIRST POINT OF ATTACK. A letter from Galatz of the 9th mentions that whilst some vessels block up Sebastopol others will laud the troops to the north of that place. It is generally thought that Perekop will be the first point of attack, as by taking that place the allied forces will cut off the communications now existing between the Crimea and the other parts of Russia, or at least will render them exceedingly difficult. The weather is delightful. The Russians have established on the coasts of the Crimea telegraphic lines in communication with the principal telegraph of Sebastopol. THE SECOND EXPEDITION. The second expedition is to sail and reinforce the first as soon as the necessary steamers can be spared. It is already collected at Varna, and will be com posed of 20,000 men, including a large cavalry force. Communications are to be kept up between the expeditionary force at the Crimea and Constan tinople by three regular services of steam packets. One of these services is supplied by the French Messageries, another by the Lloyds, and a third by a local company. The rumour that the Russians had boldly em barked 10 or 15 thousand men at Odessa to rein force the army in the Crimea is not mentioned in confidential letters from that city of later date than that assigned to the °Vent. Since the embarkation of the French Baltic troops for France, reinforce ments have been marched off from the centre of Russia with all possible expedition to the Crimea. ARRIVAL OF PRINCE MENSCHIKOFF AT ODESSA. We read in the Soldier's Friend, of Vienna, of the 15th :—" On the Ist a Russian steamer with des patches from Prince Menschikoff arrived at Odessa, and after remaining two hours returned to Sebas topol. The people of Odessa have no fear for Sebastopol, where they say the choicest troops of Russia are collected." CONSTANTINOPLE. It has been already stated that the Sultan had published a Hatti-Scheriff for putting an end to the abuses and corruption which exist among the public functionaries. The following is the text of the document : "My worthy Vizier—lt is within the knowledge of all of you that the prosperity of our Empire, the welfare and happiness of all our subjects, have always been the object of our most ardent wishes, and that it is in order to realise those diverse objects that the tanzimat-hairie has been conceived and promulgated. "It is very true that the principles of the reform have been consolidated ; but the rules which are the conse quence of it are still affected by uncertainty. It conse quently results from this that there are defects and breaches in all the branches of the administrative system, and these are the principal obstacles which pre vent the attaining of the veritable end. On this account it has become necessary and indispensable to direct our most serious attention to the means of remedying such a state of doubt and confusion. "It must be said, nevertheless, that the principal cause of the non-realisation of all the public ameliora tions is nothing else but oorruption, and experience shows that, notwithstanding the greatest efforts, no useful regulation can be applied as long as so great au evil is allowed to subsist. It is, therefore, urgent to consider, by putting into vigour a new law, which will not he susceptible either of being avoided or of a false interpretation, the means of preventing the continuation of so blameable a state of things. "The full and entire application of the dispositions of the laws by the tribunals, " The force of the Government in the country, "The progress of the public welfare and prosperity, " Justice in all affairs, "Order in the finances, " The amelioration of the fate of all classes of our sub jects. " Such are the important questions which must be successively discussed and resolved. "As these different objects are all of the highest im portance, and a decision in respect to any of them re quires mature reflection and a minute examination, a new council, composed of five or six upright and expert OIRCASSIA. We find the following in a Constantinople letter of the 10th :—Two gentlemen who left the Turkish capital for the exploration of Circassia, and to com mence a friendly intercourse with the separate tribes, have returned, after four months' absence. When the necessity of prolonged warfare became apparent, it was thought advisable to learn some thing of the internal state of the Caucasian races, their willingness or capacity for combined action, and the nature of the barrier which they could oppose to Russia. The disorganised s tate of the Karsarmy, and the danger of an unfortunate Asiatic campaign, was another reason for endeavouring to weaken the Russian force on the Georgian frontier, and to pre vent the reinforcements which annually arrive through the passes. About the time when the roads became clear of snow the two travellers left for the eastern coast of the Black Sea, and visited all the forts from Anapa to Batoum. But the principal result of the expedition is, that the country be tween the Caucasus and the Kuban has been entered for the first time by Englishmen. The country of the Abadzaks, which extends along the north-eastern slope of the chain, is inhabited by a. race ready to join in any scheme of opposition to Russia. Mr. Sarrell states that he and his companion werehospitably re ceived, but were everywhere asked if they had the authority of the Naib to travel through the country. This Naib is the lieutenant or deputy of Schamyl, and though a Daghestanee and no Circassian, has obtained entire influence over the minds of these heretofore sundered races. He is named Emin Bey, and lately visited Constantinople with a numerous train, where he received assurances from the Porte that the rights and independence of the tribes should be respected in the event of the supremacy being taken from Russia, and restored to the Sultan. Emin Bey has been in the Western Caucasus from seven to nine years, and during that time he has caused an entire change in the feelings, the opinions, and the religious tenets of the people. The deputy of Schamyl was struck with the idea of regenerat ing Mahommedanism in regions where it had been corrupted, and he determined also to propagate it where Paganism still reigned, but was rapidly de clining into the absence of all religion at all. He has succeeded in his plans, and has united the Cau casian races on the basis of Islamism. The task was most difficult, for these mountain tribes, the detritus thrown up into the creeks and valleys of the Caucasus by successive tides of migration, differ from each other in language, features, religious rites, and civil institutions. Emin Bey, acting always under the authority and. with the advan tage of Schamyl's name, has visited them al], burned their idols with the audacity of the prophet himself, built mosques and schools, convinced the divided races that their only hope of safety is in union, and the only bond of union is the faith of Mahomet ; the consequence has been an extent of conversion which has had no parallel since the first days of Christianity and Islamism, and of which old religions have hardly been thought ca pable. Emin Bey has few opportunities of com municating with Schamyl ; yet once or twice a year he sends an account of his progress and re ceives in turn instructions for the future. Of course his liberty of judgment is very great, and for the success of his plans he is indebted only to himself, and to the fear which Russian aggression has inspired. Schamyl himself, though now an old man, is still active, and has of late carried on the war with' greater skill than ever. It is indeed mainly owing to him that the wretched Mushir of Kars and his neglected army have not been to tally destroyed. Although the accounts published in England respecting this warrior are most absurd, it is still true that he is able to effect much by the alarms which he occasions to the Russian army, his power of stopping supplies, and mate rially impeding reinforcements. That he can march 50,000 men to attack Wrangel and Andronikoff is of course impossible. His men are almost useless out of their own mountains, and when engaged in a kind of fighting to which they are unaccustomed. That they are unable to remain long together and prosecute marches and strategical evolutions will be readily believed by any one who has seen thediffieulties of moving European troops with all the aid of Commissary-Generals and contract victuallers. His men flock to him at a signal, and will keep the field or rather the hill-side for about a fortnight, after which they return home. He would, therefore, be powerless for aggression, but that a spur of the mountains which he holds runs down to within 45 miles of Tiflis ; and he can at any time threaten the capital of a disaffected province with a surprise which might lead to important changes. Any one reading the accounts of this campaign would be inclined to believe that the proximity of the Daghestan chief to • Tiflis was a fabrication, reflecting little credit on the fertility of Perote invention, so often has it been repeated, and the place declared on the point of falling into the hands of the mountaineers. To be at five hours' march from Tiflis appears at first sight to be the normal state of Schamyl ; and many people have been iu consequence inclined to ridicule him and his cause. But the fact is, that the knowledge that he can come down at any time to the edge of his territory, and that within 48 hours after Tiflis may be burned and the enemy back again in the mountains with their booty, compels the Russians to watch their rear continually, and prevents any forward movement, which would weaken their power of defending the country which remains behind. THE WAR IN ASIA. The Semaphore of Marseilles has the following from Constantinople, 10th :—" The new general in-chief of the army of Batoum will leave this week for his post. M. de Mauduit will also leave in order to deliver to Schamyl the 12,000 muskets which the Emperor Napoleon has sent to that chief, and the lieutenant of Schamyl will also take his departure, highly satisfied with the reception he has met with at Constantinople. It is said to be in contemplation to place Circassia and Georgia, with the Crimea, under the suzereinty of the Sublime Porte, • and under the protection of Europe, preserving to them, as well as to the Danubian Principalities, their right of being governed by their own laws. Troops are every day arriving from Tunis, and when they have all united they will be immediately sent into Asia. After the defeat at Kurukdere, Mustapha Zarif issued a proclamation calling upon the army not to lose courage, and holding out hopes of soon re trieving the lost g roun d by a brilliant victory. Here it is : "Thrice pray for the Padishah ! We, Muschir, com mander of the Anatolian host. I announce to the troops under my command, that in accordance with the pressing wish of the army to be led to battle, I have decided upon attacking the enemy in his position at Tugedere, in the hope of further advancing my troops, and to meet the noble wi-h of the soldiery. Fortune was not favourable to us. Such are the chances of war—such its inevitable consequences. " Soldiers—Let not our misfortune make cowards of you. You will continue to be devoted and faithful to our beloved and mighty Padighah. God, who willed that it should be, alone knows why he willed our defeat. Nevertheless, he will not cease to protect the noble cause for which you fight, and will another time grant you the victory. N o w, soldiers, unite and reorganise yourselves. Take fresh courage. God .is great, and will protect you, for our cause must triumph. " MIISTA.PHA ZARIF." THE BALTIC. COPENHAGEN, Sept. 16.—1 t is now said that the French admiral has ve r y p roper l y re f use d t o ac cept Frederiksort as &cholera station, and that he h a s hired a private house on the road between Kiel and Bellevue. The French fleet off Kiel i 3 now healthy. The correspondenc e on th e S oun d d ues h ave b een pub Imbed here i n D an i s h b y t h e D ag bladet. These odious black-mail payments cannot continue much longbr, spite of the intrigues of the Czar, who hoped to procure them as an Imperial Russian regalia, belong ing to his Scandi nav i an prov i nces . It i s ne t f or nothing that he is Protector of Sweden, Successor to Denmark, and th a t h e care f u lly p reserves i n his title the expression " Heir to Norway." But if they are not struck with judicial blindness, the allies will drive him altogether from the Baltic, and make him once more a small inland Mongol barba rian Power. The Norwegian Parliament has refused King Oscar's demand for power to effect a loan for extra ordinary purposes to the amount of 350,000 sp. dollars. They have done so on the ground of its being unnecessary. If his obscure words mean a peaceful purpose, there is a surplus of 2 , 000 , 000 in the treasury. If he means war, ho must call the Parliament together. A courier has arrived in Christiania, ordering the Stor-thing to be dissolved on the 14th. Perhaps the news of the refusal may bovio sum cause a change in this plan, and the a may be again applied for in another form. Parliamentary resolutions and public opinion have at last gained a partial victory. The Swedish Government has issued a proclamation abolishing quarantine for ships from suspected places, and limiting it to five days from infected. places. The Sardinian frigate Le Geueys has passed the sound from Stockholm, laden with 126 sea-cannon from Aker cannon-works, and 111 field-guns and six mortars, with carriages, from Finspang works. An order has been given to the Stafsjo factory for 90 large guns, also for Sardinia. The fleet has left Aland. It is now announced that a heavy cannonade has been heard in that di rection. This can scarcely be anything but gun exercise. PRUSSIA. BE&LIN, Sept. 18.—The Russian advocate at 04 placa has an article upon the consequences of suc cess or defeat of the Crimean expedition. As si matter of course, it regards the latter as most pro bable, but nevertheless admits the possibility of the former, and thereupon sums up all results ill the following terms:— " Should the operation succeed, and Sebastopol be overcome, the consequence will certainly be of great moral and material detriment to Russia. But in the first place the victors will not be able to exhibit a single plank o ' r the fleet as a trophy, because the whole will certainly be delivered to the flames rather than surrendered. 2dlY. the event will produce immense merriment in Old Eng land, and not without reason, because the (Russian) Pontus fleet must be repugnant to it in every point It 0, view. Nor will France have cause for uneasiness. may and will find compensation for sacrifices in the at tainment of gloire militaire.' And this is the utmost extent on all sides of the results of the great sea e xpedi• tion. under the most favourable circumstances." You have been already informed by telegraph 0 1 the arrival of Prince Danilo's plenipotentiary here, entrusted by his princely master with a very deli' cate mission, viz., a proposal of submission to Austria; on the receipt of certain pecuniary con siderations. A letter from Cattaro, in to-day's Os t Deutsche Post, comes very opportunely to throvr a little more light on the matter. The plain matter of fact is that Danilo, finding himself de serted by his Russian friends, is fearful of being, left without a support in these troublous times, and a has therefore sent his representative here to so' the protection of Austria. One very curious piece of information is given in this letter, and this iso that the plenipotentiary likewise brings a docu ment for despatch to the Emperor Nicholas, by Prince Gortschakoff, which is said to be written in a deprecatory spirit. Montenegro is quiet. The Turkish frontiers continue to be strictly watched. The following telegraphic despatch has been re' ceived here VENICE, Sept. 15.—The sanitary condition of Upper Italy is satisfactoly. At Genoa, on the 13th, the cholera had almost disappeared, only three cases having occurred. This is the case at Leghorn. Several murders are reported to have been committed in open day in various towns (3 ' the Papal States. THE AITSTRO-PRUSSIAN TREATY. The Journal de Frankfort contains the foliar' ing :-- "Although it was only through indiscretion that the Gazette of Silesia was enabled to publ is h the questions recommended by the Austrian envoy, presiding at the Germanic Diet, to the deliberation of the united °V I ; mittees of that Assembly, it i s never th e l ess certain th at public opinion in Germany will reply to all these de mands without exception, by an energetic affirmation. It is incontestable that, notwithstanding the mornentel abeyance of the third poi n t o f th e a dditi on al article 0 the treaty of alliance offensive and defensive, the latt er will continue to exist so long a s the present war shall last, and that it consequently protects the contract in g parties against any attack of which one might bee °lll l the object. Conformably to that treaty Austria must have the assistance ot Prussia, and the Germaol,e Confederation so soon as she shall be attacked, without her having herself assumed the offensive' The clauses of the treaty on this subject are clea r ' and in no way equivocal. As the occupation of the Danubian - Principalities is not an offensive action a nd A ll attack against Russia, it follows from it that, if R uss , la . were, in consequence of that occupation, to attack to: Austrian territory, Prussia and the Germanic Co nfede . , ration would be bound, in virtue of the alliance of A p ril 20, to a-sist Austria. This is the more certain, as Prussia and the Confederation have engaged to cover the rear of Austria in case her armies should attack the Russians in the Principalities in order to compel their t° evacuate. It certainly cannot be concluded from th e fact of the Russians now finding it for their interest 0 accomplish that evacuation, that if at a later period they should find it to their interest to drive the Austrians from those Principalities, and to obtain a strong military position by the conquest of the Buko wine and Transylvania , the treaty would not apply to such an attack against the Austrian territory. It must not be urged that Russia, in despatch of the 26th ult., declared that she would re' main on the defensive, and that, consequently, no at tack on her part was to be feared. Those statesmen would show themselves very imprudent who should, for the future, place absolute faith in such a declaration. As soon as she can Russia will seek to regain possession of the principalities, for the acquirement of which she has so long laboured with much zeal and perseverance. 1 4 by a non-success of the expedition against the Crime* Russia should again have her hands free, no one cs i . l3 , say what enterprise she would not again enter on. It cannot then be pretended that all danger of an . at' tack of Russia on the Austrian territory has doer peered. But it may be affirmed that the occupation of the Danubian principalities by the Au-t ian troop s does not afford to Russia a legal motive for making war on Austria. For though that occupation 11° i doubt deranges Russian plans, it dues not violate ° any respect the rights of Russia, especially as tat . power had at the beginning no legitimate title to the occupation of those provinces. By that a ct, the source 01 so many complications, Russia forced Turkey to wa r 1 and she is consequently herself the cause that .00 treaties existing between her and the Porte, including those relative to the Danubi a n P r incipalities, h ave expired. By that expiration the Sultan, the legitonstbo sovereign of those provinces, acquired the rig; e. conclude with Austria the convention of the 14th Ju n . The Austrian troops then enter the Principalities 1. virtue of a treaty concluded with their legitimate r., ° „ e d reign. And as Russia, in consequence of the anno" 1 "; of all her treaties with Turkey, has no sort of right oc the Principalities, it is clear that the entrance of 0: Austrian troops does not violate any right of gust be and that that measure can consequently in nowi se for considered as affording her a legitimate meti-Y° declaring war against Austria. It i s , therefore, 1 0 ; testable that an attack of Russia on Austria, (1° c, count of the occupation of the Principalities, would unjustifiable, and that it would consequently fall w it . ca . the provisions of the treaty of the 20th April--Pe rt ni l i a n larly as by that occupation Austria protects Ge r :th interests, and as that act has been a cc omplished " the entire assent of Prussia." AUSTRIA. VIENNA, Sept. 17.—Some of those Pri ls9i r a papers which are known to be more or less in, t c i uection with Government have recently hi ll that the difference of opinion between the Austri t r o and Prussian Cabinets in reipect to what ough t - 0 be the foreign policy of the German Confederatio t is no longer so great. The Prussian G o v-cram: r li d evidently believes that the recent announceine ll ", its determination not to share in any coercive In' o f sures against Russia has shaken the reso lution . a this Cabinet. The retrograde movement of Pr a tio cannot but be a source of great annoyance to 4 4 Government, but a faint hope is still entertained 6, the other German States may be induced to gi v Austria that support which the Berlin Cabinet I°. fuses. In reality the policy of the German Confe de .: tion is a matter of inferior importance to the Westerilib Powers, but notso to this empire. Austria, altho ng f not actually at war with Russia, has deprived h 11, that material pledge to which such extreme portance was attached by the head of the house j'd Romanoff, and therefore common prudence ic? u t "i seem to require that she should conclude an in n - c i . mate alliance with some power or powers able "' co willing to assist her in case of need. Experi elj n - c e has taught this Government that no dePenu e Fre can be placed on the German Courts, and there . ° ter we are, not greatly surprised to read in a l e v ' er . received by the Hamburg Nachrichten, from '-' o f I lin, that at the beginning of August, 4i a treaters alliance between Austria and the western 1 3° I , Iir ee tt had been prepared in Vienna, and was to have o ff signed on the very day before Prince Gortsche'aid officially announced that both principalities we,b,t be completely evacuated." It cannot be dollbted that g neotiations for a treaty of alliance have been g ° no t on between the three great Powers, but it it to likely to be concluded until this Governnial,• oll , lost all hope of forming a satisfactory convea y. with Germany. the In its leader of this morning the Presse h as following passage : • the " With Sebastopol destroyed, and Austria no Principalities, neither Turkey nor the rest of Bur°4o will have anything to fear. A few skirmish es in the Crimea or the Caucasus will be of as little importance Wow France and England as would be a campaig n If r e- t ,- th tin Kabyles or the Burmese. Russia alone mark by the blockade of her ports that the war Was 6/ going on." reit The Vienna writer is not • gifted with any g share of political sagacity, or he would fores ee t if Sebastopol should fall, and Russia still rerate; obstinate, Austria alone will be exposed to attacks. THE INACTIVITY OF THE ALLIES. rto The Lloyd contains the best apology hithe made for the prolonged inactivity of the r" W hen first the expedition arrived its obj ect was to defend Constantinople ; subsequently it was sin •; Varna, in order, if necessary, to re lieve Silistr.t..; and it was not until Prince Gortsehakoff had fay t fully promised to evacuate the Priueipalitio