The Sun. — London, England, 1830-02-23 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. We had imagined that there would not be found one man in Parliament to oppose the claims of the Jews to a participation of the privileges enjoyed by their Christian fellow subjects. The ground of op poiition to the Catholics was intelligible, however smell the credit due to it ; but there is no Pope or roller foreign Potentate to whom the Jews owe obe dience, and we have never heard it even whispered, that " the people of that persuasion were inclined to overturn governments, to persecute, or to make pro selytes." In modern times, every Christian sect hes by turns played the persecutor ; and at this very moment the Calvinist-Presbyterians of the north of Ireland (for persecution is a duty enjoined to Cal viniet-Presbytelians by their confession of faith) are cruelly persecuting the Arian-Presbyterians of that country. But the Jews have never persecuted, not even in Poland, where, according to the French, they are so numerous, that in many places a Pole is hardly to be seen. Yet, even with regard to this in offensive people, there has been found one man in the House of Commons to stand up and oppose their admission to the rights and privileges of English men. But who should this man be but he whom the University of Oxford has delighted to honour— Sir Robert 11. Inglis ? Sir Robert regarded a measure in behalf of the Jews, " as separating the last link which bound the religion of the country with the Legislature." Though the House can swal low a good deal, this was a little too much, and accordingly there was a good deal of coughing, when, with awful solemnity, he dwelt on the horrors at the " separation of Christianity from the Legis lature." " Here (said Sir Robert) was the spirit of encroachment proceeding with rapid strides. He was not to be told that a small body of men could not, by acting together, render essential services to the country, or that they could not inflict very for midable injuries." We have at present the un speakable advantage of a Christian Legislature ; but supposing the people of this country were at some future period to embrace generally the Jewish per suasion (we take the matter at the worst), that would not surely he a good reason for taxing them without their consent, and making slaves of them. Christ said, " My kingdom is not of this world." Civil Government refuses the aid of no religion ; for its object is not religious opinions, but the pro tection of person and property. But it is super fluous to enlarge en what Sir Robert Inglis alone will refuse to admit. The days of persecution are gone by ; we trust for ever in this country, — Morning Chronicle. In the Committee of Supply last night, Sir Henry Hardinge moved a grant of 3,013,3331. for the Ex pellees of the Land Forces, exclusive of those in India. Colonel Davies observed, that it was per fectly unavailing to make any opposition to the de mands of Government. " He cared not (he said) one farthing how the Estimates were voted, or how they were spent; for, those who opposed them were not listened to, but were deserted by those wont whom they had a right to look for the most sup port. Had the Honourable Member for Cutnber land brought forward his motion respecting the Treasurer of the Navy, large numbers would have voted with him, for few men could hope to benefit by the job of the appointment; but when they came to the Army Estimates, Members would not oppose them, so many, with their friends and connec tions, were interested in the extravagance of Ministers." This is the bitch. The people are interested in a reduction of the expenditure ; the guardians of the public purse have a separate interest from that of the people ; they are, as Col. Davies says, interested in the extravagance of Ministers, or rather, for plain English is always best, Ministers, must be extravagant to satisfy Pailiament. " There was no use (said Mr. flume) in Parliament now, except that men might speak in the House of Corn mom what, with the present Attorney-General, they dare not speak out of it.—(Cheers.)—lle had often stated to Hon. Gentlemen, that if there was no other benefit in the House, there was at least this advantage, that they bad no Attorney-General to bring them to account for what they said within these wally.—(Cheers.)—What state were they in Now ? They had to pay enormous taxes; and if any man out of the House complained, what was his situation ? Why, he would be liable to be brought sip by the Attorney-General, under the direction of his Grace the Duke of Wellington; for he (Mr. Hume) did not believe that thin Attorney• General would venture to do so many acts to bring the Go vernment into disrespect, if he did not do so in obedience to the wishes of the Cabinet, or of the Duke of Wellington, who was himself the Cabinet.—(Hear, hear, and ,a laugh.)"—Men nifty, indeed, speak in the House of Commons what they dare not speak o ut of it; but then Mr. Hume forgets, that they must not write out of the House what they speak in it. A Member is privi leged to epsak, but not to report what he speaks ; eat' the moment his speech appears in print, the Attorney-General may pounce on the writer of that .speech—whether himself or another person. Nay wore, the Attorney-General, if he pleases, may within the walls of the house commence an attack on him, which attack shall be circulated through out the country, while the defence may subject the reporter of it to the vengeance of Mr. At torney. Mr. Hume would find the privilege of speaking within the walls a very sorry affair without the aid of the Press, which snakes the whole British ruction his auditors. The public could only know the House from its votes, without the Press ; and an admirable encouragement it would be to a speaker, to address an assembly for two or three home, knowing all the while that he had as much chance of prevailing on the said assembly as of pre vailing on the man of the moon. The beggar who importunes you in the street is not without hope that his eloquence will have its effect ; but Mr. Hume, though a sanguine and stout hearted man, never yet could for a moment yield to the sweet illusion, that he had the remotest chance of prevailing on the House to refuse a single grant. He speaks through the press to the tuition; and, as in the case of the Military Col lege, the effect is produced by the reaction of the exposure on the House at a subsequent period.— Whatever of good is done in the House is done not through the House, but through individual Members of the House, acting in opposition to the wishes of the majority. The good, therefore, these individuals can do of then: selves amounts to earthing. They can act ou the public only through the instrumentality of an engine over which the Attorney-General possesses con tract. It has been said, we know, by Mr. Brougham, in an article in the Edinburgh Review for September, 1826, that the power of the Parlia ment to do mischief has been greatly increased by the circulation of their discussions through the country by the press, " Thus, whether they deseive it or not (he observes), the Parliamentary Debaters, from belonging to the body which has in its hands the honour of making laws, and indeed, directly or indirectly, ruling the country, have by far the greatest weight in regulating the public opinion upon any given question, and the greatest influence in directing that opinion generally upon subjects connected with public aireirs. It is not easy to esti mate the power which Parliament has thus acquired over the country, and the degree in which the sys tee-attic publicity of its proceedings has enabled it to tax and to rule. We may, indeed, form some judgment of the force employed, by ob. serving the effect produced. We have seen one Parliement spend in twelve months, a hundred and thirty-three ; and another thank the MH glister fur the Walcheren Expedition! There is no saying to what a people may be brought, by the art so well known to cunning. ru l e rs, of making thew ad vances slowly upon the purse and the liberties of the people ; awl we cannot, therefore, pronounce with certainty that under the old system of debating with closed d oors , as t h e y did the seven year 'a war, the expenditure »right not have been increased gradually from thirteen to a hundred and thirty millions, and the debt from eighty to eight hundred. But not biog., surely, can be inure improbable, th that such bluebells should have been submitted to by a people who had become univeraidly thinkers and talkers upon every subject of a political cast, unless they were allowed either to raise the money them selves, by Representativs whom they had actual) chosen, or received something in the place of this contract—some share in the management of their ONViI concerts, taken as an equivalent for the right of election. The ruling powers had, apparently, but one of these two courses open ; either to let the people appoint their stewards, or to give what might be taken as a substitete for the power of appoint ment ; and, as it was by no means clear that the stewards chosen by them would concur in the ex penditure required, it must have been an agreeable surprise to find the people just as well satisfied with being suffered to inspect the account!, and see how the measures for raising the money were founded, and what were the reasons given for raising it. Ili a word, we have very little voice in the choice of those who are to spend our money for us ; bat we are allowed to hear all they have to say in their own behalf, while their hands are in our pockets; and this seems to prove quite as satisfactory. Thus it is with all the measures of Government. Suppose the people knew nothing of Par liament, except that it sat, and made itself felt through the tax-gatherer; it is easy to see how limited would be its power in any way, espe cially in taxing." This, we apprehend, is taking the effect for the cause. Heavy taxes led, in the American war, to the publication of the debates, be cause it was but equitable that they who were called on to contribute so largely to the exigencies of the State, should know something of the grounds for the call ; but the publication of the debates con tributed materially to the embodying throughout the nation of an opinion to which the most obsti nate Monarch, perhaps, that ever filled the throne of these kingdoms was, however reluctantly, at length obliged to yield. The opponents of that ruinous war were in turn emboldened by the voice of the nation, which loudly responded to them, to become gradually more daring, and dissatisfaction with the working of Parliament then first created that desire for Parliamentary Reform which some times appears to subside, but which always bursts forth again with increased strength, and which cannot be much longer withheld. We cannot but remember, too, that a neighbouring nation— the French—without any reported speeches, were plunged into every war, and oppressed with taxes beyond their ability, and that the Revolution was brought on by the incurable deficit caused by the wanton embarkation of the Government in the war between us and the colonies, with which it had no earthly concern. No, thank God, the publication of the debates does not tend to raise the House, either collectively or individually, in the estimation of the country. Mr. Hume seemed to think this, at all events, for he observed that " The Attorney- General might, perhaps, say that he was bringing the House of Commons into disrespect. He answered that the House deserved to be brought into disrespect. He did not wish to use any unpar liamentary language, but he must say that almost every act connected with the expenditure of the country had a greater tendency to bring the House into disrespect, than all the paper bullets of The Standard or Morning Journal, or aay of the other papers that have been brought up for these libels." It must have been very gratifying to the majorities against retrenchment to be told by Mr. Peel that patriotism and purity are best proved by dealing liberally with the public money. "He (Mr. H.), said the Right Hon. Gentleman, has made an attack upon the majority that voted in favour of Government, and he has imputed base, corrupt, and personal motives to those who divided against the side he wished to prevail. Let me inform him that on one occasion many Honourable Gentlemen voted on our behalf who are adverse to our general polities. I will venture to say that those Members who voted on Friday night for the present amount of the At my Estimates, were individuals as hollow able, and to the full as free from the imputation of personal corruption, as the Honourable Gentleman himself.--( Much cheering.)—lt is too much to hear a Member of this House undertake not only to eels.- sure the conduct of those to whom he is opposed, but to charge others, as honest, as upright, us in corrupt, as patriotic as himself, with a base desire to promote their individual interests by the votes they give in this House." What better evidence could he wish for the purity of the Hon. Members than their own hearty cheers in confirmation of the tribute to their worth so liberally paid by Mr. Peel ? Base and corrupt, for sooth ! Parliamentary Reform is not ad vocated, because it is the interest of Hon. Members to be lavish in their votes. No reform could obtain more disinterested and upright men than those who now vote away the public money ! Members who vole away the public money have no relatives who benefit by the expenditure ! It is a singular coun try this ; for twenty millions can be spent every year, and yet those who vote the expenditure are so disinterested, that they have no advantage, direct or indirect, from it. New, this is, perhaps, the only country in Europe where a Parliament could pre serve its purity under such trying circumstances.. But our purity is, and always has been unimpeach able. It is, perhaps, Sir Robert Inglis will say, because we are yet a Christian Legislature.—Mr. Peel afterwards taunted Mr. Hume with endea vouring, under the shelter of his privilege, to provoke the people to resistance ; and eulogized the man liness of Sir Francis Burdett, who put himself in the power of the Attorney-General. Mr. Hume an swered Nvi th much naivete, that " he might Le fool-hardy enough on other occasions, but he was resolved to keep out of the hands of the Attorney- General, if possible. But no taunts should induce him to throw away the privilege he possessed ; no charge of being a coward rebel should tempt him to put himself into the hands of the enemy defence less." This invitation of Mr. Peel to Honourable Members to throw themselves in the way of Sir James is somewhat toc close an imitation of the call to Barnardine, in Shakspeare, to come down and be hanged.—elforning Chronicle. It hes been easy to foresee, fur some time past, by the violence of political parties in France, by the tutes vernal formation of patriotic clubs to resist the appre hended imposition of illegal taxes, and by the general hostility of the country and the press to the measures and temper of the Court, that in the long run even the question of a change of dynasty would be raised. We do not, however, suppose that there is arty conspiracy organised for bringing about this result, or that there is any class of politicians so exaspe rated by their zeal or imaginary grievances as to be prepared for civil war ; but that the advantages or disadvantages of maintaining the Bourbons on the throne of France, or getting rid of them, is made the subject of daily discussion in every saloon of Paris, there can be no doubt. The Ministerial papers have long assured us of this fact, though they limit disaffection to a fraction of the nation, which they at one time typify under the name of Journalism, and at another under that of the Direct ing Committee. Broad hints have likewise Weer thrown out by some of the liberal papers, as to the wish of the people for a change ; but it remained for the Globe—a literary Journal, which since the accession of the Polignac 'Ministry, has become zealously political and polemical—to avow such dangerous wishee without reserve or disguise. In an article which that Journal published on Monday, the 15th instant, and which the Government has ordered to be pro - ecuted, the writer—who writes as if conscious of addressing a great class of consenting readers—speaks about the return of the Bout bons as about the r ev i s i tat i on o f a p e stilence, and hints at their departure with as much indifference as he would at the distnis,al of a commis.lary of police or an officer of gendatmerie.—Tiercs. DISTRESS OF THE COUNTRY. (From the Manchester Guardian.) CONDITION OF TIIE INHABITANTS OF BLANCHESTER. We know of no subject on which there has been more assertion and declamation, or with respect to which there has been less pains taken to collect ma terial and important facts, than the distress under which the country is at present labouring. That it is severe and extensive is admitted by every one; but as to its precise extent and severity, there is as much diversity of opinion as there is on the causes to which it is to be ascribed, or the remedies best adapted for its cure. A considerable number of persons who had predicted that about this time the nation would be in a state of bankruptcy, unless the various nostrums which they prescribed should be in the mean time administered,----the gentlemen who foretold that, without a re-issue of small notes, or a return to restrictive systems of commerce, the taxes could not be collected, and the internal business of the country could not be carried on ;—these gentk men maintain that the distress in every part of the country, and in every department of business, has been for some years past steadily increasing, and is at present much more severe than has been known at any former period. It becomes, therefore, a matter of some import ance to ascertain, if possible, how far these gloomy statements are borne out by facts ; for, if they pre sent a correct p . cture of the condition of the country, then, undoubtedly, the probability- is, that some great and capital mistake has been committed by the legislature, which must be corrected before we can expect to witness a return of prosperity ; and to the investigation of which Parliament ought imme diately and strenuously to apply. What, then, has been the condition of the people of England during the past year, as compared with their con dition during four or five preceding years ? This is a very important question ; but how is it to be solved ? Assuredly not by loose and unsupported assertions in newspapers, or in speeches at public meetings; nor yet by statements of the destitution of a certain number of individuals, even though much better authenticated than such statements have usu ally bven. There is always misery enough to be found he those who will take the trouble of looking for it ; anti a great number of cases of distress might easily have been selected in the most prosperous times which this country has ever known. Such cases, therefore, prove nothing with regard to the condition of the great mass of the population. There are, however, in existence certain public and noto rious facts which are calculated to throw consider able light on the condition of the people; and we think public writers and speakers would be much better employed in collecting such facts in their re spective neighbourhoods, than in making random assertions, or indulging in idle declamation relative to the distresses of the country. Such being our opinion, we have endeavoured to collect a number of particulars relating to Manchester and the neigh bourhood, which we shall proceed to lay before the public, with such observations as may appear to us to be necessary. SUMS PAID FOR THE RELIEF OF THE POOR. The first point to which we direct the attention of our readers is, of course, the amount paid by the churchwardens of Manchester, for the relief of the poor, during the year 1829, as compared with that paid during several preceding years. The account stands thus:— Amount paid during the year 1825 £20,864 0 8 Ditto 1826 31,218 18 Ditto 1827 31,390 13 7 Ditto 1823 24,935 0 3 Ditto 1829 34,547 1 111 Taking this account without any explanation, it would certainly appear that the amount paid in the year 1829, had been considerably above the average of the four preceding years, an 1 greater even than that of the disastrous year 1826; but the amount for 1829 will be found to be liable to a considerable deduction, and that for 1826 to a more considerable augmentation, which will materially alter the results. During the year 1829 there was a turn-out of the fine-spinners, which continued for six months, and which caused a very great increase in the payments for the relief of the poor. Although little or no re lief was given to the spinners themselves, yet the hands depending upon them, having been deprived of employment without any fault of their own, were of necessity supported in great part out of the poor rates. As these persons amounted, according to all the cAlculations we have seen, to at least 7,000 or 8,000, and as they continued out of employment for six months, they caused a considerable pressure upon the poor-rate—a pressure which was not chargeable in any way to the state of trade. The payments on this account are estimated by one of the overseers, who is well qualified to form an opinion on the subject, to have been from 6,0001. to 7,0001., which amount ought to be deducted from the gross payments. In the year 1826, in addition to the payments by the churchwardens, a public subscription, amounting to upwards of 19,0001., was distributed amongst the poor by a committee appointed for that purpose, and ought to be added to the sum paid by the churchwardens. The state ment, then, taking the sum paid on account of the turn-out to have been 6,000/., will stand thus :- 1825 £20,864 0 8 1826 53,218 IS 1 1927 31,399 13 7 18!8 24,93.5 0 3 1829 29,417 1 111 So that the amount for 1829 will be below, instead of being above, the average. The increase of po pulation which has taken place since 1825 ought also to be considered ; but as we have no means ofl estimating its extent, we shall not make any deduc tion on account of it. It is necessary to observe, that so very large an increise took place in the po pulation in and just before the year 1825, as to ren der any comparison with preceding years perfectly useless. We may however state, that the sums paid for the relief of the poor in 1816 and 1817, when the population was so much smaller, were con siderably larger than those paid in the last year, being, in 1816, 39,767/. 17s. Bd., arid in 1817, 49,824/. 2s. 91d., in addition to a subscription of several thousand pounds raised in the latter year, and distributed amongst the distressed poor. In deed, the average annual amount paid from the year 1816 to the year 1828, including the subscription raised in 1826 (but exclusive of the subscription raised in 1817, the amount of which we have not. been able to ascertain), is no less than 29,861/. 109. 2id.,—upwards of 1,0001. higher than the amount paid in 1829, when the payment on ac count of the turn-out in that year is deducted. RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF CRIME. The fact which, after the amount of money dis tributed for the relief of the poor, appears to throw most light upon the condition of the labouring classes, is the relative prevalence of crime. It has been re ferred to by almost all persons who have spoken on the subject of the distresses of the country ; and whenever a period of great and severe distress has visited this neighbourhood, its effects have been in variably experienced in an increase in number of persons committed for trial at the Salford sessions on charges of felony. Thus in the years 1816 and 1817, there was a considerable increase over the pre ceding years ; and in the year 1826, the number of felons committed for trial was larger than in any former or subsequent year. The following arc the number of persons committed for trial on charges of felony for the last six years. In 1824, 772; in 182, 900; in . 182 G, 965; in 1827, 840; in 1828, 684; in 1829, 803. So that, instead of an increase over the average of preceding years, we find that the year 1829 exhibits a decrease of about 29 commitments. BANKRUPTCIES-INSOLVENCIES-WRITS. We have heard it alleged, that though the labour ing classes in this neighbourhood have been on the whole fully employed, and have therefore suffered less than on former occasions, yet their employers, and persons in business generally, have felt the pressure of the times with excessive severity, and that there have been more bankruptcies, more in solvencies, and more legal proceedings, than in any former period. We Kaye therefore procured some information on these points. In the first place, we have selected from the Gazettes for the last six years the number of bankruptcies in the county of Lan caster, distinguishing. those of persons engaged in those branches of trade which employ the great bulk of the population, namely, spinners, manufacturers, bleachers, and printers. The numbers are as follow: 'fatal No. Spinners, Manufacturers, &c. In 1824 110 21 In 1825 .130 18 In 1826 314 69 In 1827 167 25 In 1828 .129 23 In 1829 .175 29 Thus the number of bankrupts in 1829, instead of being greater than was ever known before, is somewhat below the average of the five preceding years. But it may be alleged that people have adopted a different method of escaping from their difficulties, and have more generally taken the be nefit of the Insolvent Act. The following are the numbers of persons who hare applied to take the be nefit of the Act at Lancaster during the last six years :—ln 1824, 359 ; in 1825, 312; in 1826, 484; in 1827, 355; in 1828, 223; in 1829, 339. Here again the number is below the average of the preceding five years. With regard to the legal pro ceedings resorted to, we hare not been able to pro cure information so conclusive and satisfactory as we could have wished. It was our intention to give a comparative statement of the number of writs sued out in the Court of Common Pleas at Lancaster for the last six years ; but no summary being made up in the Prothonotary's Office, we were compelled to forego that intention. We have, however, suc ceeded in obtaining a return of the number of bail able writs issued into the county of Lancaster, from the Court of Common Pleas, as well as from the Courts at Westminster, in the undermentioned years, viz.:—ln 1825, 3,063 ; in 1826, 4,940; in 1828, 2,040; and in 1820, 2,249. Here again it will be seen that the number for 1829 is considerably below the average. From the preceding statements, then, it will ap pear :- Ist. That the amount paid for the relief of the poor of Manchester, in 1829 (after making the de duction to which we have alluded), though larger than that paid in prosperous years, is smaller than the average either of the five preceding years, or of the 13 preceding years. 2d. That the extent of crime, as indicated by the commitments at the New Bailey, is smaller than the average of the preceding fire years. 3d. That the number of bankiuptcies (though large as compared with some former year:) is smaller than the average of the preceding fire years. 4th. That the number of insolvencies is smaller than the average of the preceding tire years. sth. That the number of bailable writs issued is much smaller than the average of the three years, with respect to which we have been able to procure returns. Now we should ask, what is the inference to be drawn from these facts ? Is it that the distress in this district has been going on increasing for the last five or six years ; or that it is now greater than ever was known before ? We think no one will main tain that such is the case. That 1823 was not a year of prosperity certainly is manifest from the statement we have given; but that there is any thing in the distress which has prevailed, of a na ture to warrant a desponding view of the state of the country, or to show that any change of system is necessary to restore prosperity, ve do utterly deny. It is, no doubt, the duty of the legislature now, as it is their duty at all times, to remove every hurthen and every impediment to the well being of the people which can possibly be re moved ; but that they ought to return to a de preciated currency, or to abandon the present com mercial system of the country, must be shown by better evidence than any which has yet been adduced for that purpose. LONDON MARKETS. COAL MAIC Adair's , 33s. MI. Beaumont _ 3l 0 Bede's Main 'lB 0 Charlotte 31 0 East Percy 30 6 Felling Main . S 9 0 1-lehlsurn Main 32 6 Kenton West 33 6 Killingworth 34 0 Liddell': :Ai 0 Ord's Redhugh 29 6 Peiaw Pontop Windsor 29 T;intield Lea. 29 9 SS 6 Wylani 3 9 Walls Eud Bell and Co. 34 0 Ditto Bell Itolsson & Co. 34 6 Ditto Bewieke and Co.— 34 9 Walls End Brown's . 3 Walls End Boundary —3l 6 Ditto Clarke and Co. 32 04 Walls End Carr and Co. 3: (S Ditto Cramlington 29 (I Ships at market, 169%—51 ET.—Feb. 22. Walls End Newmarcli., 358.6 d. Ditto Gosforth 35 0 Ditto Heaton . 34 6 Ditto Hilda Ditto NoithimaLrerland 33 2 Ditto Perkins and Co—. 33 9 Ditto 34 6 Ditto Russell's 34 3 Ditto Walker ---. 34 6 Lambton's Primrose 34 6 Walls End Hetton 33 6 Walls End Lambton— 36 6 Walls End I.yons 34 3 Walls End Stewart's 36 3 Russell's fietton's W.E. 30 0 CO% l lllOl 32 6 Hartley 33 0 Shildon 29 0 Silkstone— 32 3 Tenby S hipcote Trader 2B 9 Hetton Trader , 26 3 Ellison small Walls End small ---. 23 6 lips sold, 71,44—Unsold, 98 SECOND EDITION SUN OFFICE, Seven o'Clock. THE LONDON GAZETTE OF THIS EVENING. Whitehall, Feb. 20, 1830. The King has been pleased to appoint the Right Hon. James Abercromby to be Chief Baron of his 2ilajesty's Court of Exchequer in Scotland, vacant by the resigna tion of Sir Samuel Shepherd. The King has been pleased to order a conbe d'elire to pass the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Bri tain and Ireland, empowering the Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral Church of St. Asaph to elect a Bishop of that See, the same being void by the death of the Right Reverend Father in God Doctor John Luxmore, late Bishop thereof, and his Majesty has been al.o pleased to recommend to the said Dean and Chapter, the Right Reverend Father in God Doctor William Carey, now Bishop of Exeter, to be by them elected Bishop of the said See of St. Asap!). The King has also been pleased to grant to the Rev. George Chandler, D.C.L. the dignity of Dean of the Ca thedral Church of Chichester, void by the death of Dr. Samuel Slade. The King has also been pleased to grant to the Rev. Richard William Jelf, M.A. the place and dignity of a Caton of the Cathedral Church of Christ in the University of Oxford, by the death of Doctor Thomas Hay. The King has also been pleased to grant to the Rev. John Bull, D.D. the place and dignity of a Canon of the Cathedral Church of Christ, in the University of Oxfoid, Void by tha deaths of Dr. Phineas Pett. The King has also been pleased to grant to the Rev. James Somers Cocks, M.A., the place and dignity of a Canon or Prebendury of the Cathedral Church of Wor cester, void by the death of Dr. Sir Herbert ()Arley, Bart. Foreign-office, Feb. 93. King has been pleaded to approve of Mr. Eininuel Zwilehenbart, as Consul at Liverpool fur the Swim Con federation. Crown-office, Feb. 23. )[EMBERS RETURNED TO SI: RYE IN THIS PRASENT PAR- LIAILYNT ronoucir OF FOWZY. Tht Hon. J. T. Brudeneli cornwonly called Lord Bru data, of Brooksby- hall, in the county of Leiceter, in the room of the Bon. li. 11. Ethn ) who has accepted the Cbiltern Hundreds. Commissions signed by the Lord Lieutenant of the County of Northampton. The Right Hon. Thomas Atherton Lord Lilfurd to he Deputy Lieutenant. Dec. 19, 1829. Sir Robert Henry Gunning, Batt., to he ditto. Dec. 19. William Williams Hops, Esq., to be ditto. Dec. 19. Henry Barns Sawbridge, E , q., to be ditto. Dec. 19. Commission in the Eastern Glamorgan Corps of Yeo manry Cavalry, signed by the Lord Lieutenant of the County of Glamorgan. Robert flakier Rickards, Gent., to be Lieutenant, vice Moggridge, promoted, Jan. 28. DECLARATIONS OF INSOLVENCY. Evan Morris, Wrexham, DenbiOisliire, leuther-dresser. John Mrilliam Piliner,.l.ll, Broad-street, nisur ance-broker. Peter Smyth Sa►npson, Royal Saloon, Cluin-p►er, ilrlghthelmstone, bookseller. BANKRUPTCY ENLARGED. George Thomas Elgie, Silver-street, London, wine merchant. BANKRUPTCY SUPERSEDED. Sir Walter Roberts, Bart., Courtlands, Withecomb Rawleigh, Devonshire, and Fowey, Cornwall, banker. BANK RUPTS. Jeremiah Roobard, Kensington-Gravel-Pits, brewer. Anthony Guy, Chippenham, Wiltshire, money-scrivener. George Dandy, Tarlton, Lancashire, corn-dealer. Joseph Baker, Birmingham, grocer. Lewis and Isaac Isaacs, Manchester, furriers. Lewis and Isaac Isaac, Manchester, furriers. John Pope, Yarmouth, cabinet-maker. . _ William Hardy, Kirkby-Aloorside, Yorksbire, tailor. Henry Kay, Leeds, victualler. John and Charles Rayne, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, seal - Daniel Gibbons and Christopher Garrett, jun., Hooks- Mills, Bristol, millers. Ellis Jones, Liverpool, victualler. Thomas Flutter, Henrietta-street, Cavendish-square, linen-draper. Thomas Smith,Bridge-lane, Fleet. street, wine-merchant. William John Lawson, Lombard-street, bill-broker. Samuel East, Lavenharn, Suffolk, innkeeper. Timothy Bowling, Gunthoipa, Lincolnshire, and Meg get Bowling, Kent-road, merchants. John Philip Hyanis, Liverpool, brand)-merchant. Henry Johnson, Trowell, Nottinghamshire, coal-dealer. Henry Tobias Smith and John Smith, York, drapers. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT HOUSE OF LORDS. The Loan Ctr.trzerr.Loa, the Duke of MANCHESTER, and Lord HEREFORD, sat on appeals to -day till Four o'clock. Lord MoNsow took the oaths and his seat. Mr. SPICER, from Chelsea Hospital, presented the an nual account of unclaimed Army Prize-money. Mr. SmzE, from the Bank of England, presented an account of the average amount of Bank of England notes and Bank Post Bills, in circulation in the month of Jan., 1830. Mr. Mona's, from the Mint, presented an account re lating to the Gold Coinage. Upon the motion of Lord STANHOPE, the PApers were ordered to be printed. Mr. IluanawrocoN, from the Commissioners of Shore ham Hat hour, presented their Annual Report. MESSAGE FROM THE COMMONS. Mr. GOILDON, attended by several other Members, brought up the Pauper Lunatic Asylum Bill, which, upon the motion of the Earl of Shaftesbury, was read a first time. WOOL TRADE. The Duke of RICHMOND presented a petition signed by 181 respectable farmers of Romney Marsh, praying their Lordships to alter the duties on Foreign Wool. The Noble Duke took this opportunity of correcting a mistake which had gone abroad relative to his intention to make certain motions respecting the Wool Trade. The Noble Duke begged to say he had no intention of making such motions unless numerous petitions were presented on the subject. The House adjourned at a Quarter-put Fire o'clock to Thursday next. HOUSE OF COMMONS. The SPEAKER took the Chair at Ten Minutes to Four o'clock. A great number of private Bills were brought up and read a first time. EAST INDIA TRADE. Mr. W. DUNDAS presented a petition from the Cor poration of Merchants of the City of Edinburgh, praying for a removal of the restrictions on the trade between this country and the East Indies. MALT TAX. Sir E. KNATCIIBULL presented four petitions from places in the county of Kent, praying for a repeal of the Malt Tax ; and also several other petitions from the same county, complaining of distress, and praying for relief. Colonel SIB f HORPE presented a petition from Horn castle, which he read at length. It set forth in strong language the distress under which the country was labour ing, and prayed the Honourable House to retrace its steps. After a few observations from Sir W. INGILBY, the petition w:;s ordered to lie upon the table. Mr. WELLS presented a petition from tha inhabitants of Toubridge Wells, praying for a repeal of the Malt Tax. The llon. Member said the petition had his most hearty support. Mr. O'CONNELL presented a petition from the city of Waterford, complaining of the conduct of the Mayor in a late election, and also a petition from Drogheda, set ting forth the evils that daily resulted from the operations of the Sub-letting Act, and praying for a repeal. The Hon. Member then moved for certain Returns connected with the Coal Trade of Dublin. Sir JOHN OWEN presented a petition from Narbeth, complaining of general distress. REDUCTION OF TAXES. Mr. ROBINSON gave notice that on Friday, the 19th of March, he should submit a resolution to the House to the effect—That it was expedient to relieve the labouring classes, by a repeal of the Duties on Sugar, Candles, Soap, Malt, and Beer, and every other article practicable of reduction, and that it was advisable that an equitable Property Tax should be resorted to. CLARENCE BRIDGE. Mr. CIIARLES PALLMER brought up a Bill for erecting a Bridge across the River Thames, from Church street, Lambeth, to the Horse Ferry-road, Westminster. Mr. HUME moved for returns relating to the collection of the assessed taxes. The Hon. Member said that he had received information from all parts of the country, that there was more difficulty in collecting these taxes than all the others put together, which fact, when the returns were presented he should be able to prove, and also that the public revenue would be much benefited by a repeal of them. Mr. HUME then moved for a return of the salaries and expenses of the Receivers-General of Assessed Taxes in Ireland.—Ordered. Mr. HUME said, that be (lid strongly object to the Naval Estimates being all voted in one sum. He wished to have the expenditure of the Marines under a different head, which was necessary to enable him to ascertain the pay of the officers and men of that corps, so as to form a correct estimate of the expenditure of last year. Mr. HUME then moved for a return, which he hoped the Chancellor of the Exchequer would not object to. It was fOr the amount of the rental of each parish within the bills of mortality. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER had no objections to the returns, but would rather have a little time to consider of it. Mr. HUME would not press his motion. Mr. WESTERN presented a petition from a place in Essex, praying for a repeal of the Malt Tax. Mr. R. COLBORNE was of opinion that the tax on malt and beer was not of that injury to the country, as was generally supposed. It did not increase the price on a pot of porter more than one halfpenny. He would, however, take this opportunity of calling the attention of his Right Hon. Friend, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, to the licensing system.—(Hear, hear.) — If he would take up that important subject, it would be of more advantage than reducing the duty on beer. It would also in his (Mr. Colborne's) opinion be of con siderable advantage to the labouring classes if the duty on spirits were raised 2s. or 3s. a gallon. He threw out these hints as worthy the consideration of his Right lion. Friend. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said it was his intention on an early day to move for a Committee to inquire into the present state of the Licensing System, particularly as related to the licensing of houses for the sa!e of beer.—(Hear, bear.) Mr. W3l. SMITH said that the reduction of duty on British spirits had been attended with very bad results. Ile had no hesitation in declaring that it had not at all benefited any part of the community. The introduction of Irish and Scotch spirits, at a reduced duty, into Eng land, had been the means of causing that abominable beverage to be taken by the lower classes instead of beer. That one Act had done more harm than any Act had done good since the time of the union of the countries. Mr. HUME said that when this subject came proporly forward for discussion he should be chic to show thet she same outcry had been made fifty years ago against the general consumption of spirits, in concequence of the duty upon it being so low. The notion of benefit arising from a high duty upon spirits, was quite erroto ous. The duty that had been removed from spirits in Scotland had completely put an end to the practice of smug gling. The smugglers throughout the West !Ugl— ier ds, who had been so numerous, had now returned to their sober and industrious habits. It was ex tremely hard that those who chose and could indulge in the use of wine, and who had been so anxious to have the duty taken off it, should grudge the use of spirits t t the pool cc class olsooirty. Tile lowering of the wine duty had led to an increased comutoption, and greatly to the advantage of the revenue. A heavy duty either upon spirits, or Any article of that sort, was calculated only to demoralize and greatly injure society. The Chancellor of the Eichequer onght to have lowered the duty upon spirits, and also to have lowered the malt duty when the duty on wine Was reduced. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said his object was to move for a Committee to consider the licens ing system with respect to beer, and if possible to give the means of a freer sale of beer without at all endangering those interests for which those restriction■ were originally i:npos2d. 111 r. SMITH was sure that his Right Hon. Friend would de more in this way to clear away the difficulties generally regarding the Parochial Law than by auy other single act it vas possible to reduce. General GASCOIGNE concurred in the opinion, and he hoped the Right Hon. Gentleman would not be inti midated by any opposition he met with from the Repre sentatives of Ireland and Seotland. He certainly was of opinion that there ought to be a reduction of duty on beer, and that the duty on spirits ought to be increased. Mr. GORDON agreed in the propriety of reducing the Beer Duty, but could not concur in the proposition for raising the duty on spirits. He thought Gentlemen who were the most willing to indulge in the use of wines, kc., were too apt to view with an unfair feeling those things that contributed to the happiness, and therefore to the existence, of the poorer classes of society. Even as to amusements, there were those who railed against bull-baiting, cock fighting, and so on, who nevertheless were the first to keep their hunters and hounds, and to indulge in sports of another sort.—(Hear, hear.)—He could not help thinking that while the higher classes indulged in their luxuries they did not sufficiently consider the com fort of the poor ; their only resort very frequently was in the way of comfort to take a dram,—(Much laughter,)— and to that many undoubtedly had been driven by the pre vailing distrebs of the country.—(Continued laughter.) Col. DAVIES considered the amusemenis of the two classes of society very different indeed. Bull•-baiting and cock-fighting were not only for the amusement of the poorer classes, but for the purpose of aseembling to gethe a mass of the most notorious pickpockets, as well as the greatest ♦agabonds that infest society. if Newmarket and fox-bunting were to be attended by the same characters, he would be the first that would rise up with a view to put them down. He wee far from ad vocating any thing calculated to oppress die poor, but if some Hon. Gent, would take the trouble of visiting the game: of the artizan, and these seeing his wife and children in a state of almost absolute starvation, while he was in a public-house getting drunk, he thought such Members might not be so very anxious for a low duty upon spirits. He by no means wished to have such a duty imposed as would in lobo exclude dram-drinking ; but certainly spirits ought to bear a moderate duty. Mr. BROWNLOW considered that the reduction of the du'y on Irish spirits to one half of what it had been had deubl,d the revenue of the Exchequer, and if the Right Hun. Gentleman acted wisely upon this subject he would continue to keep up only a moderate duty on spirits. Mr. BRIGHT was also favourable to a reduction of the duty. He considered that the reduction of the Malt Duty would do a great deal, but he was perfectly srtisfied that the reduction of the hop duty wonld do infinitely more. After some further conversation the petition was ordered to be laic on the table. The Marquis of CHANDOS presented a petition from the West Indian Merchants and Planters, setting forth the extreme distress wider which that portion of the public laboured, and praying fur a reduction of the duty on sugar and rum. He fully concurred in the prayer of the petition. _ _ Mr. DOUGLAS seconded the motion, and cordially concurred in the prayer of the petitioners. (LINT SPEAKING.) BRUSSELS AND GERMAN PAPERS. FROM THE WESEIt, FEB. (From a Stuttgard Journal.) The public journals have for some time past amused their readers with vat ious accounts of the supposed motives for the journey of his Serene flighness the Duke of Bruns wick to Paris. We will not pretend to investigate these accounts, but we believe that we may affirm, in reference to them, that the execution of the measures which may be eventually adopted by the German Diet against his High ness, is by no means so near as those journals appear to suppose. For, if we are rightly informed, the Diet did not resume its sittings till the commencement of this month. Whoever, therefore, is not wholly uninformed of the mode in which business is carried on in it, will easily imagine that a period of several months will elapse before measures can be carried into execution, with regard to which it is highly probable that the report has not even been made, much less a resolution adopted. STOCKNOLII, JAN. 29. On Sunday the King gave an audience to a deputation of the citizens who came to claim his protection against the inconsiderate zeal which would abolish all at once the privileges granted by the Constitution to the citizens, by introducing an unlimited liberty for all kinds of trade and manufactures. M. Weser, Burgomaster of Stockholm, who was at the head of the deputation, expressed to the King in his speech the gratitude of the citizens fur the wisdom and goodness with which his Majesty had hitherto prevented this measure from being too much extended.— This Magistrate also presented to the King a plan drawn up by the citizens, for modifying the rights and prerogatives of the manufacturing classes, as well as the mercantile com panies, without infringing the privileges of the citizens. The King replied—" Gentlemen, as supreme protector of the privileges of the four orders of the kingdom, I must make a difference between that which bears the character of a pure and simple interpretation of these privileges, and what the necessities of the times may require. In en raging in an order to renounce the immunities which the Sovereign granted it, at a time when the country laid the first foundations of its commerce and its industry, it would have been desirable that an equivalent for the sacri fices required from that order could have been laid on the altar of the country. The step which you take gives me an opportunity to remind you of what I said to your order at the close of the Diet of 1815—" In the eyes of a citizen kind this c o r f o % g y n .:L : 4e T i l n i a e t o n n o fi b d o e d n y e em with the civic crown ought to be of more va l ue th an an y o th e r y is y p o u u t r e K y o i ng r . cl a ilm willto examine with the attention they deserve the observations that you have made to me. The defender of the righte of all, I shall not forget yours. You have the same rights as the other Swedes to the justice and good-will of your King. VIENVA, FRB. 8. His Imperial Highness the Archduke, Viceroy of the Kingdom of Lombardy and Venice, arrived at Venice oM the 31st of January, and was received with an enthusiast - 1 2 difficult to be described by the pnpulation of that city, who were to enter the following day in the enjoyment of tile advantages expected from the opening of the free port. To commemorate this benefit, the merchants of Venice delivered to the general committee for charitable purposes the sum of 44,000 Austrian lire, to be distributed among the poor of the city, where, as elsewhere, the winter has been extremely severe. VIENNA, E 613. 1.--Metalliques, 1031; Four per Cents., 96 11-16; Bank Shares, 1282. The Queen of the Irish Beggars was on Wed needs), put to the bar of the Police Court on the double charge of begging, and of being drunk and dir-orderly op the streets. This dame, whose name is Mrs. TAYLOR, resides at the back of the Castle, and makes her begging calls in a four-wheeled carriage of her own, drawn by one or two beggar's brats. When her Maztisry gets a glass too much, she is in the habit of assuming all the state and consequence of royalty.—" Slaves draw Lay carriage to the gin-shop."—" Fellow, fill me a half quar tern of the best tfollands ; I can't drink your abominable low trash of whisky—l am daughter of the Duke of Lenetrrza, the King of Ireland." " Ilurra for ould land—another nogging for ould Ireland," &:•. In one of these royal fits on Tuesday, after getting her gi ll , s he beat her lazy twits severely, which attracted the notice of BARNEY M'PIKE, the patrols, who did her the honour of drawing her carriage to the Police Office, from whence she was on Wednesday sent to Bridewell for thirty day& It came out in evidence that this lady's income, obtained by mendicity, and spent in the manner already described , amounted on the average to about 59. p e r (lonian Mercury. BIRTHS. . _ On the I ith inst. the la ly of the Rev. J. Ward, of Great Rem), of a son. On the 16th inst., at Bruxelles, the lady of Dr. Vtr s►raeten, of a son. MARRIED. On the 20th inst. at St. G Cripplegate, 11. W. Sewell, youngest soli of C. Sewell, Esq., of Clarendcu squsre, to Mary, only daughter of the late Win. Davi( til Esq., of Fore-street. On the 22(1 inst. at Chiswick Church, Thomas Read, Esq., to Alary Ann, only daughter of L. Callaghan, pg. of Kensington. Pmrum) ANL PU141.1-SHED sr 1111111D0 YOUNG, At 331 X SUN 01110 E, lie, Gyt mo s 1,114 DON• N' Ch a piety, conti Preci 'era( MM Tavel The corn s Dram 12, -____ J 4 110 i ........___ On S C) LIST other s CAR' Stou t /4uPtri and T th e) Olai / emit kous t Luc A.e 4 To TO3 BR( price \Vile