The Sun. — London, England, 1854-09-27 00:00:00

-: z- A _ r r ~. // c / J _ 11 I 1r;1 , • - •• 0,-.2i., ..,- ~.. J.. . .. . _ -..- " . - - - - . - .•• - - , • , . , v .... .., 4 0'...- - 1 ' -----,....... • . . . , :,.• • eillia . - . . . .. •,...,- 4:1L... ; ~. , V‘ii ' • •4 , . . .• I.‘ .. . .. 4 i. • ' •:-", '1 ' J i' 44:. ' • ~ V. , - 01: Pl l ,* ri m: ..0%.?..e..;• r Ili ,$4 . .. s .. `'-. . ,k'A jg ' . p, tit 1 ~ a, , ....,,,..;, ',., i i j ~,,, ~,,, , ~j r* ,,,,,,r ) • :,—_4,Nh. -' , Alk .7, k, ,, , , ~, , • CV •••••• 7 ' . L ''!,.* ), ' \ '': ' 4 - s! 04, + ''' , A' d il. I !.‘, , e , A ,". .4' , :-, ---4,,,x4i it,1...i.,,,..,,,...,,,5."....„, ~ ,,t 2. ...,, , ,2 1 * „. .„p 7 41 4 1 , 1 - A4.:•;.:0 , k,;, 47 „4,iic i : . ' ,..., ' ,.. it oi l , 11, 1,•,•'' , 0 , .....44' 4; __- ,I; 2` ' , '4rl ' -....,,..., t y6'C' \ • 1) /EU ', .It' , ,i,, M 1 ,..„ ‘. Titlry,4l „,... ~,, ... iiiiiiiv.. ~.4.,...,,,1/4,,e\''• ; "_ :. :,..Y. ...,,,, ...,. ...7 - : ',...., , „,,,, L , . 1 t.,,,, / ~~.~~~ fir; • QOUT FINE STERN RAILWAY.-- I_y PLEASURE EXCURSIONS DAILY to those attractive Laces, WINDSOR, HAMPTON COURT, RICHMOND, KEW, &c., e., at T.ow Fares. First and Second Class Return Tickets, at Single Pares (with the addition, era small booking fee), are issued on Saturdays and Sundays, at Waterloo and Vauxhall Stations, to Windsor and to all. Stations `. below Woking. These tickets can only be received at the station . fcr which they are issued, and are available for Return by any Ordi nary Train until the following Monday, inclusive. By order. ARCM) SCOTT, Traffic Manager. Waterloo Station,July, 1854. CIRAND TRUNK RAILWAY of • Nog CANADA.—Notice is Hereby Given, That a CALL of 21.103. Per share on each and every share of the A series of the shares of this company has been made, and will be due and payable on Mon day, the of October, 1854. A CALL of 101. will also he due and Payable on each of the Certificates exchangeable for Company's De - bentures, and 101. on each of the Certificates exchangeable for the Debentures of the Province of Canada. Six per cent. interest will be charged on the Calls as long as they e In arrear. A Call Letter will be sent to each shareholder for the payment of the Call on his shares. The Debenture Certificates must be presented at the Bankers, in order that the payment of the Call may be marked upon them. holders have the option of paying up in full on their shares an d er annum is paid on debentures. Interest at the rate of 6 per ce nt . p • all sums received in advance of Calls on either shares or debentures, and by order In Council of the Government of Canada, all persons having paid 101. per sh,re, and in full on their Debenture Certificates, No. 2, will be entitled at once to exchange the same for the Deben tures of the Province. ' All payments to be made at the Banking House of Messrs. Glyn, Mils, and Co., 67, Lombard street. By order of the Board. WILLIAM CHAPMAN, Secretary. 21, Old Bond-street, Sept. 8, 1854. A E CCIDEN TAL DAT H INSURANCE • COMPANY. . • .Capital, 110,C00/., fully subsc.ribed. CuAramAtz.--KENYON S. PARKER, Esq., Q.C. DErrri-CriAiamAN—llenry Blair Mayne, Esq. Accidents on Railways, fatal and no insured against, either by single er annual premiums, at very moderate rates. Inquire at 7, Bank buildings, Lothbury. „.._.....----- ACCIDENTAL DEATH INSURANCE COMPANY. , . . . t Accidents by Sea, Fire, ordinary Travelling, or from any other Cause, insured against. • ' Weekly payments, together with medical expenses, immediately ' w aarded in case of any accident whatever, which may prevent the 1 Insured from following his usual occupation. Inquire at 7, Bank-buildings, Lothbury. ACCIDENTAL DEATH INSURANCE COMPANY. WAR RISKS either by Land or Sea, or in the face of the Enemy, fl STIR ED AGAINST. No'personal attendance or medical examination required. Pr. spectuses and further information can be had on application at tho Company's Offices, or of any of their Agents. By order. WM. Secretary.OUNG,7, Bank-bnildings, Lothbury. AIT RENT'S CASINO, ARGYLE Rooms, -ILA (Lessee, Cues. C. LAURENT, Onslow-house, Fulham-road), —The above Rooms are now OPEN FOR THE SEASON, and will continue open every evening, with LAURENT'S CXLERRATED BAND., C ons t a ntinople Quadrille, Sultan Polka, lair Star Waltz, and Overland Mall Galop, by D'Albert; also, by H. aurent , the following Waltzes - La be lle Frangaise, Leonora, Yilh- Vas and his Dinah. Admission, Is , Doors o p en at half-past 8. *acing to commence at 9 o'clock, and terminate at half-past 11, PATRON—A.R.H. PRINCE ALBERT. • ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. UNDER ENTIRELY NEW MANAGEMENT. PEPPER begs to announce that in consequence of the power .. L... Voltaic Battery having been len t to the British A s sociation for .re Advancement of Science, at Liverpool, the ILLUMINATED .;;; O &SCADE will not be shown till MO NDAY, the 2d of October, when • ns. DUI3OSCQ has kindly cons . nted to exhibit a new ELECTRIC 4 %. 31 P under water, and a new CASCADE APPARATUS, throw. .-ug Three Jets of Illuminated Water instead of one. On MONDAY ,EVENING, the 2d of October, E. W. BRA.YLEY, Es q. F.R.S., F.G.S., &c. , wi ll deliver a LECTURE on GEO being the EIGHTH of the MONDAY EVENING COURSE of LECTURES to the INDUSTRIAL CLASSES. All the Daily Exhibitions and Lectures as usual. T HE CHOLER A!1! • Prevented by the destruction of all noxious effluvia. CREWS'S DISINFECTING FLUID, recommended by the Col 4ege of Physicians and the London Board of Health. The Cheapest and Strongest CHLORIDE of ZINC. Quarts, 25., Pints, is., Half pints, 6d. Sold by all Chemists, Druggists, and Shipping Agents, and at Commercial Wharf, Mile-end, London. B.—CREWE'S CHLORIDE of ZINC is a cheap, powerful, and kiner preparation.—Medlcal Circular. GREAT REDUCTION IN PRICE OF SIR WM, BURNETT'S DISINFECTING FLUID. . . Gallons, ss. Quarts, 2s. Pints, Is. Half-pints, 6d. phis Valu a bl e DEODORISER and DISINFEC TANT Instantane cnt_3lY destroys all BAD SMELLS without p roducing any itself. ,_ Its free use, as directed, PREVENTS CH OLERA and all CON TAGIOUS DISEASES. • Sold by all Chemists and Druggists, and at the Office, IS, Cannon street, London-bridge. N.B.—Beware of a spurious imitation. TO NERVOUS. S UFFERERS. -A RETIRED CLERGYMAN having . been restored to health in a few days, ‘;,,. er many years of great nervo us suffering, is anxious to make ''"' v vrii to others the means of cure. He will, therefore, send frhe ee, on 'receiving a stamped envelope, properly addressed, a copy of t pre ' seription used. Direct the Rev. E. Douglass, 18, Holland-street, Brixton, London. DR. DE JONGH'S LIGHT BROWN COD LIVER OlL.—The most remedy for CONUMP TION, BRONCHITIS, AST ElMA, effectual l', RHEUMATISM, S and all SCROFULOUS COMPLAINTS. Pure and unadulterated, contain ing all its most active and es4cntial principles —electing a cure much Inure rapidly than any other kind. Prescribed by the most eminent medical men, and supplied to the leading hospitals or Europe. Half- Pint bottles, 25. Gd. ; pints, 4s. 9d., IMPERIAL MEASURE. Wholesale and Retail depot, ANSAR, HARFORD, and CO., 77, Strand. %* Pour Half-pint Bottles sent (carriage paid) to any part of England on receipt of a remittance of Ton Shillings. DESTILUCTIVE FIRE " Hat HARPENDEN. arpenden, June 16, 1854. Gentlem en ,—I have great pleasur e in adding my testimony to the Taft& of-year Firepreof gates. "Last Monday night my house, warehouse, and premises were unfortunately burned down; the fire raged very fea water f , the rully for about two hours, and, owing to the great scarcity of whole of ray premises and stock were consumed. " The safe I purchased of you had a most severe test, in conse quence of a barrel of brimstone standing close to it and melting with the heat of the fire, the burning lava running all over and under the sate, which great'y added to the intensity of the heat; it remained in that position about four hours, and when with books and papers great difficulty all it Was got out of the fire and opened, I found my =injured. " You are at liberty to make what use you please of this informs " "I am, gentlemen, yours reepeptfully " WM. WALKER. "Messrs. Thos. Milner and Son, 47e, Moorgate-street, London." " Agricultural Laboratory, Harpenden, July 6, 1854. " Gentlemen,—l rut; present at the late fire which destroyed the Premises of Mr. Walker, Harpenden, and was much surprised at the great amount of heat your safe resisted, and still more surprised (hen 'r it was made known to Inc that a barrel of sulp hur stood near I) that it was not entirely destroyed. " Being anxious to see if it bad been attracted by ;„ the sulphur, I '`'raped some of the blistered iron from the inside and outside of the safe, and, frdm analysis, find much sulphuret , so t hat it must have n greatly acted upon by the sul p hur, yet the books and papers avers perfectly uninjured. . " I must in justice say that your safes are Invaluable, and very necessary for every one who has books aud accounts of any value. " I am; Gentlemen, yours very faithfully, SIMCOE. "Messrs. Thos. Milner and Son, 47e, Moorgate-street." G R AVESEND ST AR PACKETS. ~N P other Packets call at the G reenhithe and Purtleet Piers. Th' Packets vtli At the Piers as underlined (weather permitting). FROM TERRACE PIER, GRAVESEND. SVNDAYS. • __WE E K 1)A1S. ------7. -----> c.> ----------. i 2 a t-. .z . Ter i." r-.. : 2 t." i Time ~, > : 2- '-'. . - tier , = V. ° - 5 2 ,' 4 8 ,; 23 0 4 8 0 ,-. ,-. 9 , P . . ~-.--____ 7 ..... 7% -- *i s Byi _ 19 $ _ 11} —3% 5 _ —..._ —6— ' 6 1— _ 6 !-G --" L from the Boats marked t om Fenchurch-street Station to all parts of London ,f an hour. BLACKWALL, on the arrival of the fol- T r ains from the Fenchurch-street Station. birect Train (than'buses f. every quarter o: B RUNSWICK lowing ---------------------------- SUNDAYS. WEAK DAYS. ....,__. ____.—.....--------- . c p t .. . . . ,S 1 A , - 0 •• —1 I. " - A: . 2 . :•A T.' Fen- fi , ii . 2 — 1.6 church -5 is . rj '' r. , church o .- a • V, 5 = :Street ,-'. g 64 ..,,,, -g Street ' 1. 4 o 4 , .... g h. . h ~. ..4 P - • _ .. -- - 1 1 i -- 10 i 4 10 1 1 11 91,4 121, , ,i IV2 214 —2 1 a 4 lyi ' —•— 3) , 1.-51 614, 6 Ye -- Passages marked * are run direct. Fore Cabin. Saloon. To or from Gravesend and London.. •• • • .... lOcl. .. Is. 2d. „ Gravesend and Blackwell or Woolwich Bd. •• Os. lOd. Between Gravesend and Intermediate Piers.. 6d. .. Os. Bd. _. _ To or from Gravesend and London• • • • • • „ Gravesend and Blackwell or Wool , Between Gravesend and Intermediate Pie BOAT TICKETS.—TweIve Months, 5., Three Months, 21. Os.; to be had of th; rackets; or of Mr. Monk, Terrace Pier, Sept. 191. h. 1E54. Fore Cabin. S. . 10d. .. is• felt Bd. .• Os, s.. 6d. .. Os, Od. ; Six Months, Collectors on bo 3/. Os. ; and the fravesend. THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH AND MATURITY. Just published, price 25., illustrated with cases ; free by post for 30 stamps, NERVOUS DEBILITY; Its Causes, Symptoms, and Cure.—An Essay on Sper niatorrheea, with Practical Observations on a safer and more successful mode of treatment of the diseases of the Generative System, obtained by the use of the Microscope in detecting and distinguishing, by urinary examination, the real cause and effect of every variety of complaint, whether arising from solitary habits, excesses, accident, or climate, followed by practical remarks, founded en twenty years' experience in the treatment of Impuissance, Nervous Debility, Local Weakness, Spermatorrhcea, &c. To winch are added, Commentaries on the Physiology of Marriage, with pre cautionary hints on the evils emanating from empirical practice, and on the dangerous remedies advocated by various writers on these Important disorders. By SAMUEL LA'MRRT, M.D. 37, EDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON, Doctor of Medicine, Matriculated Member of the University of Eft buret, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, &c., etc. The essential object of this treatise is to point out the fearful con sequences resulting from certain habits, irregularities, and excesses, Which have prouticed more misery in Youth, degradation in Man ta- 00 d, and premature decay at all stages of Life, than , perhaps, any Other class of disease known to modern pathologists. Its perusal is particularly recommended to persons entertaining secret d oubts of their physical condition, and who are conscious of having hazarded the health,liappiness, and privileges to which every human being is entitled. It is absolutely necessary thatall men should know, that there are principles of personal management which cannot be violated without Incurring grievous penalties, and when wisdom and regret Succeed the heyday of inconsiderate self-indulgence, how these penalties may be mitigated, how the sting of their bitterness may be removed, and how the evil and its consequences may be avoided, and above all, that there is scarcely any degree of physical infirmity or functional derangement to which the timely aid of science cannot apply a cure. TheAutlior has for a series of years been engaged in an extensive practice in the treatment of these delicate complaints, which have unfortunat , dy been too generally confided to the care of ignorant emnirics, who inflict great injury on those who are induced to place faith in their pretensions. NERVOUS DEBILITY may be had, price 2s, of Messrs. Piper, Brothers, and Co., 23, Paternoster-row; llannay, ti 3, Oxford-street; llerne, 19, Leicester-square; Mann, 39, Cornhill ; or free by post for thirty stamps to any address from tho Author's residence, v., Bed ford-square. At home for cousultatimi daily from Limn till Two, and from Six till Eight, NO. 19,346.] PUBLICATIONS. Now ready at all the Libraries in 2 v 015.., 215., LIGIITS AND SHADOWS OF AUSTRALIAN LIF E. By Mrs. CLACY, • Author of " A Lady's Visit to the Gold Diggings." Hurst and Blackett, publishers, successors to Henry Colburn, 13, Great Marlborough-street. This day, one vol. feap Bvo., boards, 2s. 6d., THE ENGLISH PRISONERS IN RUSSIA; a Personal Narrative of the FIRST LIEUTENANT of H.M.S. TIGER ; containing an account of his Journey in Russia, and of his Interview with the Emperor Nicholas and the Principal Personages in the Empire. By ALFRED ROYER, Lieut., R.N. London : Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. E CONOMIC LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, Its 6, NEW BRIDGE-STREET, BLACKFRIARS. Established 1823. Empowered by Act of Parliament, 3 William IV. DIRECTORS. The Right Hon. Sir T. FRANKLAND LEWIS, Bart., M.P., Chair man. HENRY FREDERICK STEPHENSON, Esq., Deputy-Chairman. A. Kingsford Barber, Esq. I Sir Alex. Duff Gordon, Bart. Arthur Kett Barclay,Esq., F.A.S. Archibald Hastie, Esq., M.P. Henry Barnett, Esq. John Mendham, Esq. Robert Biddulph, Esq. Charles Morris, Esq. Thomas Edgar, Esq. William Routh, Esq. AUDITORS. Edward Charrington, Esq. I Captain Robert Gordon, R.N. Francis Dumergue, Esq. John Gilliam Stillwell, Esq. Pnrsictest--John Ayrton Parts, M.D., Cantab., Hon. D.C.L . Oxon F.R.S., 27, Dover-street (President of the Royal College of Phy sicians). SIIRGEON—BenjAmin Travers, Esq., 1.R.5., No. 54, Green-stree Grosvenor-square. SOLICITOR—Henry Young, Esq., No. 13, Essex-street, Strand. AcTursay—allames ,robn Downes, Esq.; E.R.A.S, • The advantages offered by this society are :-=- ECONOMY "combined with Security, and Lower Rates of Premiums than those of any other office, which entitle the assured to participate in the profits, and considerably lower than those of any other Mutual Assurance Society. The WHOLE of the PROFITS are divided every fifth year among the Assured, and a Bonus is-added, after the payment of the Fifth Annual Premium to every Policy effected on the participating Scale, if a claim accrue thereon prior to the neat division of profits. The sum of 397;0001. was added to Policies at the last division, which produced an average BONUS of 671. per Cent. on the Premiums paid. Number of Policies in force 6,600. • The Askurance Fund amounts to 1,340,0001. Income upwards of 220,0001. per Annum. No charge for Policy Stamps, nor for Service in the Yeomanry or Militia Corps, , • • The subjoined Table skows the advantages offered by this Society, resulting ftom low Premiums, and a division of the entire profits among the 'Assured : ~--- • Sao ' - ;',, 2 I , ~. ••-• 1 . 4 w o o ! • 1..-. 4,-, -54 .o !4 Si'. ea a 5 1 r , ~.... 0 ,„ A.O 13 CO E4= '5 "" 1 ) ...1 10. . 2 •S "" a —4- 5 44 gc,..17,..,.^ . .a .. ..02;7,2•2 9 -...,I,C)PABEgi :511zits O 1 4 5'. 6 :4 1 f."441°P4 map S 'l4 :1 "" F,50.. 5 . 8,..P0 ) -4 If•—: X 4 ' 4 ,- . -9 801.).. 5, V° 0 ' Qu '& 4 A ., w k•- • I , ' .._, £. s. d. £ £ £ 1854. , 1854. 20 21 15 10 1260 260 116 £l2 £l3BB 30 26 13 6 1205 205 , 125 12 _ 1342 40 33 19 6 1140 140 130 11 ' 1281 50 45 6 0 1030 , 30 141 10 1181 Assurances effected in the current year, 1854, will participate In she Profits in 1859'. Prospectimes and full particulars may be obtained en application to ALEXANDER MACDONALD, Secretary. NATIONAL LOAN ANCE SOCIETY, No, Establishe Dom A. Campbell Barclay, Esq. Charles Bennett, Esq. Hugh Croft, Esq. John Elliotson, F.R.S. Thos. Colley Grattan, Esq. FUND LIFE ASSUR ,. 26, Cornhill, London. in 1838. 'TORS. John Moss, Esq. Thomas Nicoll, Esq. E. S. Symes, M.D. J. Leander Starr, Esq. Clement Tabor, Esq. Joseph Thompson, Esq. MANAGING DIRECTORS. 3. Leander Starr, Esq. (General). Chas. Bennett, Esq. (Financial). ♦UDITORS. Professor Wheatstone, F.R.S., and Professor John Radford Young. MEDICAL EXAMINERS. • J. Elliotson, F.R.S. 37, Conduit-street. E. S. Symes, M.D., 33, Da:vies-street, Berkeley-square. ACTUARY. W. S. B. Woolhouse, Esq , F.S.S., BLC. ASSISTANT ACTUARY. • Barker Woolhouse, Esq. BANKERS. • Messrs. Glyn, Mills, and Co., 56, Lombard-street. SOLICITOR. • C. Ewens, Esq., 61, Moorgate-street. Total number of Policies granted from December, 1852,. to December, 1853-1,194. Under the following heads are briefly enumerated the leading principles of this Society : OBJECTS OF TIIE SOCIETY. 1. A Life Assurance may be effected either by One Payment, or by an Annual Premium. 2. Policies may be effected wren or without the privilege of withdrawing one-half of the Annual Payments. If with out this privilege, the rates are lower. 3. A Life Assurance may be effected on the life of another, on Joint Lives or Survivorship,. 4. Annuities, Immediate, Deferred, or Contingent, will be grAnted; also Endowments for Children. 5. Naval 'and Military Men, not in active foreign service, 'as sure I without extra charge, and allowed to go abroad with out forfeiture of Policy, on payment of an extra Premium, according to climate. In the event of the Assured. (when on the *ithdraiyalSystem) not requiring to continue the Policy, on its surrender one-half the I annual payments will be returned by way of purchase of his interest therein. this means, apprehension of great pecuniary loss and doubt as to the intrinsic transferable value of each Policy is re moved, its cash vaiue being fixed and determined beforehand by the Society at one-half the annual premiums paid thereon : a vast class' of society will thereby be admitted ; and every individual, while steadily pursuing one object—a provision for his family at death— will have, by the plan of thin Society, a door open to his savings, which will never be closed against his wants or his use. Prospectuses, Report of last Annual Meeting, Forms of Proposals for Assuranca, and every description of necessary Blank Forms, with Tables of Rates, and full information on all points, furnished, on ap plication at 26, Conlin, or at any of the Company's Agencies. THE EVENTFUL MOMENTS WITH OUR ARMIES.—The period to which we have looked forward with thrilling anxiety has arrived, the landing of our armies in that gal lant and magnificent manner which distinguishes the British forces in all their engagements. These formidable companies, under the shelter of the broadsides of our splendid ships of war, will land on the shores of the enemy, and with our French allies will push on to vic torie: before unknown. Such eventful moments cannot fail to excite the liveliest interest in every patriotic heart, mid inspire with cheer fulness and courage every person in our vast empire. We have a military spirit, a noble independence, a national dignity, and valu able institutions which see are proud at any cost to maintain, and as the campaign is expensive, every Englishman with his accustomed calculation will inquire hove he shall pay , his portion wither.t per sonal ir.convenience. We suggest a plan, and are confident of its success ; purchase all your Clothing, and that for your families, al the Establishments of E. Moses and Soy, and the war expenses dis tributed amongst the people in the shape of increased taxes will be fully met. Economy is the order of the day ; all classes are sensible of its im portance. 251. will purchase at E. Mosys and Sox's their New Paletot, which .s universal) , famed for the gentlemanly appearance it imparts —for the novelty and neanu.ss of its make—for being the most suit able Dress for the 'close of summer, as well as for the ensuing autumn. Their stock of . Hats and Caps is unrivalled for Neatness, Durability, and Cheapness. Their Hosiery Goods for Ladies, Gentlemen, and Children are the gems of modern manufacture. The Gigantic Wholesale Clothing, Shirt, and Boot and Shoe department secures advantages to Merchants, Captains, and Emigrants which cannot be obtained elsewhere, and small or large amounts will meet with speedy sale, at very great profits, in any part of the world. Full lists of Outfits for Ladies and Gentlemen, with ship sailing informa tion, gratis, on application, or post free. 1 SPECIAL NOTICE.—The Establishments will be Closed on Mon ! day next, Oct. 2, re -opening on Tuesday morning, as usual, at Seven o'clock. CAUTION. —E. MOSES and SON regret having to guard the public against imposition, having learned that the untradesman-lik s It I falseh od of " Being connec ted with their Establishment, " or ' the same concern." has been resorted to in many instances, and for I obvious reasons, they beg to state that they have No CONNEXION WITH ANY °THEM HOUSE IN Olt OUT OF LONDON, except their own Establishments, as follows :--, London City Establishment, 1 54, 155 . 156, and 157, Minories, 84, 85, and 85, Aldgate, opposite the Church, all communicating. London West-end Branch, 506, 507, 508, New Oxford-street, 1,2, and 5, Hart-street, all comandeating. Bradtord (Yorkshire) Branch, 19 and 10, Bridge-street. Sheffield Branch, 36, Fargate. Colonial Wholesale Branch, Melbourne, Australia. Merchant 'rano:, Clothiers, Hatters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boot and Shoe Makers, and General Outfitters for Ladies and Gentlemen. IMPORTANT.—ShouId any article not give satisfaction, it will be exchanged if desired, or, if preferred, the money will be returned without hesitation. All goods aro marked in plain figures, the lowest ; price, tram which no abatement can be made. The Establishments are closed from sunset on Fridays to sunset on Saturdays, when business is resumed till 11 o'clock. A new Book, with illustrations, untitled" The Echo of Ptablic Opl ' nion," containing full lists of prices, our system et self-measure ment, &c., may be had on application , or post-free. 16 l'on parle Francais. Qui si parla Italian°. Hier spricht man Deutsch Aqua sa habla Espano. AUSTRIAN SOFT-SAIVD.ER. ren T ia h r e ks 7 w en h n i c e c h L a lo r g e d no o t f t w h i e ti 2 m l. l s u t i c n o t n er t e a s izs a te following shillustratillustrative of the tone which Austria finds it convenient to adopt at present : "The intelligence received yesterday that the Turkish ,troops are beginning to evacuate Wallachia has a deep meaning. It must have been felt at Constantinople !that it would be a sad mission for the principal Ottoman 'army to a- , sume the office of guardian of the Principali ties, already adequately protected, and to remain an idle spectator of the offensive war now directed against the enemy of Turkey. The auxiliary forces have com• menced a great strife which they will probably be unable Ito terminate alone. If Sebastopol falls, the Crimea must be garrisoned and defended, great military opera tions must be begun in Asia, and perhaps an attempt will be made to enter Bessarabia by Odessa. The mili tary talents of Omer Pacha, and the courage of the powerful army which he commands, will find here a wider field of action than they have yet had to show their valour. When the Ottoman army shall have taken an active part in the war of the Crimea, then only will the service that Austria has rendered to Europe be dis played-tklearly before the eyes of the world." Omer Pacha will appreciate this coaxing flattery at its true worth, and so, it may be suspected, does the Em peror of the French. The above paragraph has been transferred to the columns of the Moniteur, where it has assigned to it the same prominent place and type as were given to the notice of the electric, message from Vienna to General Hess, ordering him to allow the Turks to occupy Galatz and Ibraila. DOVER CAsTLE,—Orders were received hero from the Board of Ordnance some time back that the casemated barracks in the Castle, excavated in the cliff fronting the sea in the reign of George 111., when Invasion was threatened by Napoleon 1., and which, after being oc cupied by different regiments of militia, have been used as a depository for large stores of gunpowder, should be cleared out. Accordingly vessels have been occupied at intervals in removing the powder, and last week the last of the barrels was shipped off preparatory to the barracks being again fitted up for the reception of troops,, % 4 0, Eastern Cicorte. LONDON; WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 27, 1854. THE WAR. NAVAL AND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE. Her Majesty's screw steam-ship Algiers,. 91, was towed on Monday morning, at 7.30, from Hamoaze into Plymouth Sound, where she received a spare fan, brought by the Janus steamer, the previous day from Woolwich. Yes terday two months' advance wages were paid to the whole of the crew, that portion which came home in the Mean der receiving at the same time 12 months' arrears. The Algiers is appointed to sail for the Black Sea to-day. She takes out about 400 ➢urines for the fleet, together with a large quantity of provisions and stores, shot, shell, and ammunition, for the forces in the East. The Colossus, 80, screw, Captain R S. Robinson, exer cised her crew at Spithead yesterday in hoisting sails, &e. The Dauntless, 33, screw, Captain Ryder, was docked yesterday at Portsmouth, to have her copper broomed down, &c. We learn by electric telegraph from Plymouth, that the steam-sloop Hornet, 14, steamed from Plymouth Sound up flamoazer in the course of the day. She will be placed in Koyham docks to-day to receive some slight repairs previ ous to sailing for the East Indies and China. The Stromboli, 6, paddle-sloop, Commander Robert Hall, having repaired a few defects, returned to Spithead yesterday, and reshipped her ammunition, ready for fur ther orders. It is believed that she proceeds to the Black Sea. The steam sloop Sphinx, from Woolwich, for the Black Sea, was coaling in Plymouth Sound at noon yesterday. The Janus steamer having sprung her bowsprit and jib imetn, luurbeen sent to the'Devonport- dockyard to be re paired. • APPOINTMENTS. _ Chi);Plain the Rev. Henry Jones, M.A. (1837), has been appointed to the Formidable, 84. Assistant-Surgeon JohnC. Austen, M.D. (1846), from the Victory, flagship at Portsmouth, has been appointed to the Snake, screw steam despatch gun-boat, at Blackwall. The crew of the Snake are on board the Salsette receiving-814 at Woolwich. Assistant-Surgeon John T: Gabriel (1852), recently serving in the Polyphemus, on the West Coast of Africa station, has been appointed to the Victory, vice Austen. Acting Assistant-Surgeon Alexander Collins (1854) haa been appointed to the Nankin, 50, at Chatham. Lieutenant Henry C. Majendie (1849), serving in the Grecian, 12, on the East India station, has received his promotion as Commander. Surgeon Youell, twelve sergeants, 210 drummers, rank and file, will march from the Linen Hall Barracks on Wednes day, to embark in the Vanguard, at five p.m., % also for Glasgow, where they ;will be joined by the service com panies on their arrival from Canada, previous to their em barkation for the Baltic next spring. The 90th (Perthshire Light Infantry) Regiment has re ceived orders to recruit with all possible activity, so as to complete its establishment of 1,200 rank and tile. The General Commanding-in-Chief, deeming it of great impor ance that no delay shall take placo in so doing, has ordered additional recruiting parties to be detached from head quarters ; and, as the whole recruiting staff is open for the 90th, little difficulty will be experienced in meeting Lord Hardinge's wishes: The men of this corps are on the qui Dive, expecting to form part of a Baltic contingent in the spring, though the order for India has not been officially countermanded. A Dublin paper (the Express) says, it is stated in well informed military circles that the under-mentioned line regiments will form part of the British expeditionary force for the Baltic in garch nett :---18th, 51st, 54th, 56th, 66th, 721, 80th, 82d, 90th, sad 94th. The whole of these regiments will bo in England before the close of the year ; and it is anticipated that there will be no ditaCtileyin raising them to their augmented establishments long before they proceed to the Baltic, the whole of the recruiting staff being exclusively employed at the present -moment in raising =ten for those regiments. would then become of his theory ? Supposing, for instan de, that instead of 10,000,000/. or 12,000,000/. 2 the war expenses of the present year were to he 50,000,0091., is Mr. Macgregor prepared gravely to maintain that that enormous sum ought to be paid out of the yearly revenue of the country ? Will he seriously affirm that such an amount of expenditure could be raised in a year out of the taxes of the country ? A moment's reflec tion will, we are sure, convince Mr. Macgregor that, however beautiful his views may be in theory, they are wholly incapable of being embodied in practice. If the hon. gentleman's position be a sound one, we ,ought not at this mo ment to have a single sixpence of national debt : neither ought any other country. But, unhappily for us, our forefathers were not of Mr. Macgregor's way of thinking as to the best moans of raising the money necessary for a war expenditure. If Mr. Pitt, and certain statesmen who preceded and followed him, had acted on the principle of the member for Glasgow, and made their contempo raries yearly pay the expenses incurred, by the war with America and the war with France, we should at this moment have been the happiest, because the least taxed, nation in Europe. Our posterity ought to regard us with pr3found respect and with the • deepest gratitude, should Mr. Macgregor's views, as to the impropriety of taxing future gene rations, be carried out ; for, in addition to our loss of blood—to the sacrifice of friends near and dear to us—and to the serious commercial injury which we are suffering and must suffer—we should also bear alt.the 'pecuniary burthen: Thrice happy posterity,-ta'reap.all the advantages of that peace which- are jnaking such strenuous efforts to in to'-reep: thetOociaviAitSitlibehk r ont ,to even the cost of a 'sixpence. Who would not; under these circumstances, wish to belong to posterity ? , —Morning Advertiser. • A WORD TO THE FARMERS. We would greatly prefer that this essay should not be read* all rather than that it should only be read half , through. It is not unlikely that in the outset we may propound doctrines hard to be understood, which may induce the prejudiced to throw the subject aside without granting us a hearing. In the dilemma of the old man and his ass, it may be our fate to please nobody, in undertaking the thankless task of doing our duty to truth, mankind, and our own convictions. We can say, therefore, as a somewhat unpopular truth-speaker has said long ago, " Strike, but hear us !" and repeat our entreaty either not to begin the perusal of these ob servations or to read them to a close. We are again about to adopt the rash step of interposing an appeal to common sense betwixt master and man ; an inter ference which may bring upon us the fate of those who may make or meddle in lovers' quarrels, or the more common warfare betwixt man and wife. We are in formed that throughout the country there is a very general agreement among the farmers that the circum stances of the time favour the attempt to reduce the price of labour ; and that many have already acted upon that very bold and utterly unwarranted assumption. There is, therefore, no time to be lost in dispelling that mischievous delusion ; and it is peculiarly incumbent upon us to take our share in the task, seeing that hitherto we have been constrained, at the peril of grievous mis construction, and in the interest of sound economical prin ciples, to array ourselves on the side of capital, in the great campaign opened on the field of our domestic history be teween money and man. In the outset we would undertake the defence of the thesis that the laws which regulate the accumulation and distribution of capital are the masters of us all--of capitalists themselves, as much as of those who sell their labour to acquire it ; masters, indeed, of our inclinations, of our very generosity. It is not in any man's option long to pay for labour or for anything else more than it is worth. Bit by bit, the folly will eat in upon his principal, and make it disappear. Others who produce or buy more cheaply will be able to afford to sell more reasonably, and elbow liberality out of every market. In mercy to the masses themselves, this will be so. If they are the recipients of wages, they are also the great consumers of those commodities for the production of which wages are paid. Cheapness to them is therefore the most important of all things. It is not as if this country were independent of foreign con ditions. We import and export more than anybody else. We must sell at the price our rivals ask and our foreign customers can pay ; else we cannot sell, and cannot live—or live only in a state of barter, which is a state of barbarism and poverty. In the interest, there fore, most especially of the great body of the workers, we say that they are best treated when they are so paid as that the greatest results are produced at the least ex pense. The whole secret of our material greatness, which some ray is even the source of our moral greatness, is simply this—that any given number ofourpopulation will produce a greater surplus of commodities after all ex penses are paid than an equal number of any other people, and at a less cost. " Aye—l thou g ht so ," sa y s old Chawbacon, or young Ashstick, "he's coming round to our way of thinking at last--with the present cheap loaf, we must have the wages down." Fair and softly, friend. Did you never hear the phrase " cheap and nasty ?" Can't you understand that often the cheapest things are, in fact, the dearest—that as a general rule , the best article is the cheapest, whatever may be its price ? In no commodity does this proposition hold so true as in that of labour. A cheap man is invariably a costly one. Ho leaves a smaller surplus of production, after all costs are paid, than a more expensive workman. A striking example presents itself in the very foreground of observation. A great French strategist has given the relative expense of a soldier in the (Efferent countries of Europe. The British man always is the dearest—the French the next—the Prussian next--then the Austrian —lowest of all the Russian. Now, does not this esti mate, in the most delicate graduation, follow the com parative efficiency of the lethal instrument ? When to the Muscovite surgeon-general the English physician expressed his surprise at the excessive morality of his troops, he was told that they died for want of quinine. When he was asked why quinine was not got, he said it was dear, and that a soldier cost nothing ! What has happened ? No man under the rank of a lieute nant has a pair of stockings in the army of the Czar. The clothing, the food, the camp equipage, the medical appliances, a re a ll scan ty, mean , an d bad. When on campaign, the army steals everything and pays for nothing ; so that the peasantry fly with everything eatable, drinkable, and wearable as far from them as they can get. 11l provided, they have no sta mina to resist disease, and on the slightest sickness they die off by tens of thousands. In the same region, at the same time, the mortality of the French was very much less, and that of our well-appointed and stalwart beef eaters least of all. The better-fed Turks have prevailed over the Russians in every encounter. So it is in peace life. The dearest labourers in the world are the Yankees, and they are also the cheapest for the work done. The worst are the Hindoos, who live on a penny per day. Six Russian serfs, it is said, can scarcely do the work of one English peasant ; and farmers themselves assure us that in Ireland the spadesman who works for 6d. per day is dearer in the end than the Scotch hind at Is. Bd. You must put strength intoaman beforeyou can get work out of him. Especially, you must feed the brain, if you would get skill, character, and morale out of it. Every body knows this in its application to-the horse—farmers ignore it in reference to the man. What stolidity can ex ceed such folly I In Lincolnshire the wages of farm labourers are 2s. per day. Their employers are the most prosperous of their class—they themselves are the best workers. In Berke and Dorset the peasant is re duced to is. ad., or even less. The result is that more are needed to do the work, and it is worse done. Can economy be more penny wise—can meanness be more pound foolish S What is the result 3 The halt, maimed, blind, idiotic, prematurely aged, swell the poor-rates. The people can't live on the poor pittance they receive, and crime increases, to the effect of a rapid rise in the amount of county rates. The women lose the charm of sex, lose their modesty and virtue, and the cottage fireside is turned into a hell. When the Anti-Corn- Law League questioned the Bucks ploughmen how they lived on 9s. per week, they said they got clothes from the gentry, but that their boys had to poach and steal. That is the end of your cheapness. There is scarcely an Eng lish farmer in the West and South whose ploughmen do not crib the horses' provender and whose waggoners do not sell his produce to beer-shops on their road, which are indeed receiving houses perfectly well known to the county constabulary. Formerly the remedy for inade quate wages was the parish pay table. Now the farmers are the guardians of the Unions, and are practically the relieving officers. They play into each other's hands in the management of refractory ploughmen, and the latter are driven to betake themselves to another dodge. Na ture asserts her authority ; low cunning, sharpened by necessity, becomes the mother of invention ; what is re fused to "hook," is taken by "crook." Farmers should not blink this plain question—" How can a man, his wife and fire children, live on eight or nine shillings a week?" Let them take a slate, or pen, ink, and paper, and cast up the account for themselves. We put it to them—will they contract to maintain a human being in this country on twopence per day ? Is it possible to keep soul and body together in this climate on 3/. a year ! Three pounds ! Why, their kitchen wench gets as much for mere tea money. It won't pay for the tuning of their daughter's piano—scarcely find her in gloves. We never yet found a farmer who could for the life of him tell how his ploughmen lived on what he pays them, and yet he expects that they should find out a way of doing it. So indeed they do, as the county rates and gaol and workhouse can testify, unless, indeed, occasionally an exodus in stinct seizes on them ; or what is a inure common case, incendiary fires blaze forth from one end of the king dom t,o the other, much to the holy horror of the very s have-beggars wh o drove the poor to this last miserable alternative of destroying the very food from the want of which they are maddened into arson. Let the employers take timely warning. Should the rage for emigrating seize the English, as it has fastened on thelrish peasantry, from exactly the same cause, too, 20s. per week may not in the end induce them to remain ; indeed, the scarcity in the supply of labour, which has already doubled wages in the slater ialand, ;nay you soon pro. THE GUN-BOATS. The Pelter, light draught of water gun-boat, is now in the basin at Woolwich, under the shears, to have her masts put up. Workmen from the carriage department of the Royal Arsenal are on board laying and adjusting the brass segments of the circles on which the traversing platforms will revolve, five pivots being fixed on the deck for each gun, in order to enable each to fire in any of the directions of a half-circle fore, and a half-circle aft the funnel. The new guns, on Lancaster's oval principle, aro nearly all completed at the Royal Arsenal, Woo lwich, and will he sent up to the dockyard as the gun-boats are made ready for them. The Ranger, light-draught gun-boat, launched on Saturday at Mr. Pitcher's dockyard, Northfleet, wa s towed up to Deptford on Monday, to have her engines put on board; and the Monkey steam-vessel, Second-Master Syndercombe, towed the Pincher, the second launched of the light-draught gun-boats, to Northfleet, to be further fitted, her engines having been put on board by the con tractors. • TRIAL OF THE CITRACOA. The Curacoa, 31, screw, Captain the Hon. George A. Hastings, went out of Portsmouth harbour yesterday afternoon to prove her engines and boilers, and after taking a few turns through Spithead, describing a circle in her own wake, turning her astern, &c„ she steamed for the measured mile at Stokes Bay; and although this is not to be considered as the official trial, owing to some trifling derangement in one of the pumps, yet the trial was of suf ficient interest to show that Curacoa may take her station in the van of screw frigates. The engines were made by the Messrs. Mandalay, known as their high cylinder double piston patent rod-engines, each of 175-horse nominal power (represented by Mr. Henry Maudslay). Nothing could be more beautiful than the working of these engines, at from 16 to 20 lb. pressure, averaging 64 revolutions, and with out hot bearings, the engine-rnom not exceeding tho tem perature of 87, and the stoke-hole, after seven hours' fires, 104. The results after four hours, with and against the tide, were as follow : • First Turn - with the Tide. 2.17. 0 2.21.28 4 - m. 28 s. Second Turn against the Tide. Knots. .. 13.6 2 2 :4 3 2 6 :4 9 9 6 m 40 s 9 Third Run with the Tide. 2.55.23 t 12.413 3. 0.14 4ourth Run against the Tide.• 3.15. 4 t _ 9.113 3:21.40 j So that her average will be seen to have realised 11 knots per hour; and this at her draft of 17.6 foot aft, and 14.4 forward, making her 3 feet 2 inches by the Stern. ARRIVAL OF THE HOLYROOD. The screw steam-transport Holyrood, P. G. Lovell corn mander, arrived at Sheerness yesterday at 8.30 a.m., from the Baltic, landed mails and communicated with the Commander•in-Chief, and left again at 10.30 a.m. fo r Deptford. The HolyrOod coaled at Faro on the 16th inst., left on the 17th inst., called at Copenhagen on the 18th inst., coaled and left on the 20th inst., and called and watered at Elsinore on the 21st inst. The Pigmy sailed from Copen hagen on the same day for England. The Zephyr was then at CoPenhagen, getting repairs done to her boilers to en able her to come to England. The Holyrood has experi enced a very heavy passage home, having had a continu ance of heavy gales of wind, varying from W.S.W. to W.N.W., with a tremendous heavy cross sea running; she was frequently obliged to be sot on ahead at quarter speed. She split her foresail and miz?n, and both storm sails ; she was thrown on her beamends by shipping a heavy sea upon deck, which broke fore and aft her, and shifted her bal last ; she remained in that state for more than four hours, until her ballast was trimmed over. The invalid seamen say no ship of any build or shape could behave bettor than she did. They passed the Belleisle hospital ship off Born holmo on the 16th inst. at 12 at noon. It v. as then blow ing so heavy that, although they passed close by, they could not communicate. The Holyrood's mails were for warded from Sheerness by last night's mail. ADMIRALTY INSPECTION. Rear-Admiral Berkeley, Sir Baldwin Walker, Surveyor of the Navy, and his assistant, Mr. Watts, were at Ports month yesterday, on a semi-official visit of experiment. They made an inspection of the progress of tho ships build ing in that dockyard, and it appears to bo an evident de sire to got the three-decker Marlborough, 131, ready for launching and the reception of her machinery by March next; also the conversion for the screw of the three-decker Royal Sovereign, 120, and the completion of the Shannon screw, 60, if possible, during the present financial year. These officers, with the Port Admiral (Sir Thomas Cochrane, K.C.8.), Admiral Superintendent Martin, Captain Sir Thomas Maitland, C. 8., of the Excellent, and a large number of officers of various ranks, were engaged yesterday afternoon in making some experiments in shot practice from a 32-pounder gun, mounted in slighter moored about 300 yards from a target made of four-inch iron (ster lings), to test the effect the shot would have upon it, as there were some scientific French officials present who are of opinion that shot would break to pieces if tired at close distance. This opinion arose from *the expressed intention of the Admiralty to plate with iron the bows of some of the gun-boats now building. From the practice yesterday no conclusion could fairly be drawn, the firing having been but poor and the effects meagre. Several shot fell under the target ; others struck the lower part, one or two the iron plate (seven feet square) ; no shot was seen to break to pieces or go through the target. Another target is under construction in the dockyard, which will represent about 18 feet of the section of a ship, with bolts fastenings, &c. This will be 81.30 coated with iron and erected for experiment. Professional observers say it would make a gun-boat 'coo heavy at the bows. THE NIGHT ATTACK AT CHATHAM. The night attack of the lines at Chatham is not to take place, as was reported. The works will remain as they aro until a fitting opportunity for carrying on the operations by surprise. The large crowds that assemble in the day time render the operations dangerous, but a crowd in the night time would be ten times more so, and interrupt the exercises, which cannot be properly carried on except by the military. MILITARY. DunLrN, SEPT. 26.—Agreeably to a route received from the Quartermaster.General's•ofpice, Dublin Castle, the 54th depot will leave this garrison in the following order, viz. —First division, under the command of Captain Wood and Ensign Why to, with four sergeants and seventy rank and file, will march from the Linen Hall Baracks to-day (Tues day), at four p.m., to the North Wall, where they gill embark for Glasgow. The second division, under the com mand of Major Smith, with Captains Millar and Sweeten him, Lieutenants Bayley and Swann, Ensigns Beethain, Cialbraitn and Ir4Fick Adjutant U.iffner s A~tut• ! - _ MISCELLANEOUS. The Admiral of the Fleet, Sir Thothas Byam Martin, G.C.8., is much better, at the residende of Rear-Admiral Superintendent Martin, in V4irtamouth Dockyard, who has also recovered from his recent indispositiplt k pli r 1 4. 411126 d. telis dutieei s_ - . : Seventy labourers for the Keyham works and 12 ship wrights for the dockyard are ordered to bo entered at Ply mouth. A singular fact occurred on board the Miranda, which may prove useful and instructive. In the case of Sing Marshall, the ordinary seaman who was killed in the bom- barding of Solovetskoi by a 61b. grapeshot, the shot entered in the centre of the breast, just above the region of the heart. He had a thick worsted comforter tied round his neck - outside a black silk handkerchief, that was tied in a reef knot with the two ends hanging down about a foot. The comforter was four • times thick. The shot went through all the parts of the comforter, but carried the silk handkerchief before it, driving it through under the blade bone of the shoulder : both parts were throne , quite six inches, and when taken out and opened there as not the slightest cut or rent in it. It has been preserved. This is considered to be a most strange occurrence, perfectly un accountable. MR. MACGREGOR'S SPEECH A 2 GLASGOW. We promised to recur to the speecb which Mr. Macgregor delivered to his constituents at Glasgow on Thursday last. There are, as we yesterday re marked; portions of the hon. gentleman's •address which are well deserving the attention of the pub lic. The manner in which Mr. Macgregor was re ceived by so large and intelligent a constituency as that of Glasgow, concluding, as the proceedings of the evening did, by a cordial yob of confidence, must have been to the hon. gentleman an ample reward for the legislative labours which he had to go through during the session lately closed. That, however, is a matter which is cliefly of interest to the representative and the represented. What we wish to invite attention to is, some observations which fell from the hon, gentleman on questions of greatnational and European importance. The reference which Mr. Macgregor made to the alliance between France and. England, which it is to be . hoped will be lasting as these two coun tries themselves, possesses a special interest from the circumstance of the hon. gentleman having been on terms, not only o f intimacy, but of friendship, with, L ou i s Napoleon when an exile in this country. " The alliance," said the member for Glasgow, " between England and France was a most blessed thing for the liberties and civilisation of Europe. It was his good fortune to be on terms of acquaintance with Louis Napo leon when he was an exile in this country. His house in London was one of the few houses he visited. He did not boast of this; but he valued the. sentiments Louis Napoleon entertained with regard to a perpetual alliance with this country— an alliance which would constitute the greatest epoch in the history of civilisation. He knew it was the desire of the to bind the people of the two countries together by material interests, and to do away with those commercial and mer cantile restrictions which had so long existed, and of which the Bourbons, and especially Louis Philippe, were the greatest supporters. The Em peror of the French knew it was the best policy he could pursue. It would unite the people of France and England in close intimacy with each other, for the advancement of social progress and the culti vation of all the virtues which adorn humanity. He knew, also, that by so doing he would bind them together by the strongest of all ties—that of mate rial interests. The French required many of our products, and we required many of theirs. We taxed their wines and some other articles too high. Lot us meet on fair terms. He had reason to be lieve that shall be before long." " The alliance between France and England is a most blessed thing." We cordially echo the sen timent, and it will be re-echoed by the people of every country in the civilised world, however much it may be execrated by despotic. rulers. So long as the Western Powers are knit together in the bonds of a cordial union, neither country can have aught to fear from the royal absolutists on the con- tinent. It is no unmeaning phrase, that Franco and England united can smile defiance at a world in arms. The Czar is just now having some little taste of this. It is to be hoped that before long he will have a still better proof afforded him that the phrase is something more than a mero rhetorical flourish. Nor can we doubt that the existing alliance be tween France and England will be as enduring as it is cordial. It is not a mere union of the Govern ments. In that case We might not havo much faith in its permanency ; but it is happily a union of the peoples of the two countries. The alliance is be t weeu the French and the English nations, And it is not therefore liable to be broken up with any governmental or dynastic changes which may take place. Mr. Macgregor entered into an elaborate and able vindication of the present Government from the attacks which have been made upon it, on the assumption that it had resolved on assisting the Austrians to put down the Hungarians, in the event of their rising against their oppressors in the pre sent troubled state of Europe. The defence of Mr. Macgregor was complete, but we must Say that it was altogether unneconsary. We cannot believe that any sane man ever for a moment allowed him self to suppose it possible that Ministers seriously contemplated anything of the kind. We have often arraigned the foreign policy of Ministers, but certainly we should never have dreamt of charging them with an intention to aid Austria in putting down an insurrection in Hungary, in the event of ono taking place in that country. No British Ministry, be their politics Whig, Tory, or Radi cal, will over be so unwise as to interfere in the domestic affairs of any other country, much less to interfere as the friends and abettors of despotism. Such a Ministry would, by that ono act s inflict a fatal blow on itself. It would not survive a week. There is one part of Mr. Macgregor's speech from which we altogether differ. He lays down the principle that no country ought ever to go to war that cannot pay the yearly expenses of that war out of its yearly revenue. " I want," said the hon. gentleman, "to say one or two words with regard to the taxation of the last session ; and when I speak of that taxation, we came to the resolution that it was much more wise for us to pay the expenses of the year during the year, and be done with it, than to add to the already too heavy national debt of this country, I know that the taxation for the present year must be very high, but I believe ours was the wisest course of policy ; and in one of the addresses of one of the greatest men I have ever read o f—G eorge Washington—ho says, ,‘ Never make a war unless you pay the expenses within the year.' You have not the power to consult posterity with regard to the justice of the war, and you ought never to tax people without consulting them. It was on these grounds that wo made up our minds in the House of Commons to raise the expenses within the year. I believe that it will soon come back to your pockets by extending the commerce of the country, and that it will be seen that the Govern ment have done right in acting as they have done." This is all very fine in appearance, but it will not bear the test of examination. Mr.f Macgregor's principles never can be carried out. We are sure ho cannot mean seriously to lay it down as an axiom, from which there must never be a devia tion—that under all circumstances the annual ex penses of a war ought to be paid out of a country's yearly revenue. Has it never occurred to him that such a thing would be both morally and financially 4nd what, we should like to k 110772 [PRICE SD. duce similar results here, shbuld a sort-sighted parsi mony induce our a.riculturists to perseyere in. their attempt to reduce the'hire of which no labourer is more worthy than our toiling hinds. We need scarcely add that the reason aesigned . for the proposed . reduction is a direct argument for an increase. As an abundant har vest enables the farmer to afford to pay more wages, so a reduction in the cost of living, by rendering the labourer more independent, places him in a condition to demand an improvement in the terms of his • contract with his employer. And this would cure the evil, but for this disturbing force in the legitimate and natural operation of economical principles--that the farmer is substantially the relieving officer, and refuses at the parish pay-table to give any ma n re li e f w h o refuses to work at the price th e farmer chooses, in his wisdom, to fix in his own mind as the wages he may consider it reasonable to offer. We repeat our proposition, that before fixing the rate of wages the employer is bound to answer this plain question—" How can any . man live decently upon the money you give him I" If he cannot —if you propose to play the Pharoah among your work men, and to ask them to make bricks without straw, beware of fastening upon poor' human_ natitre a burden greater than it can bear.—Dispatch. IPSWICH MALITIME INSURANCE ASSOCIATION. :A dinner_to "celebrate the anniversary of this Assoc! tion, was held at the Vine Inn, on . Friday last. ' D. A. Sheppard, Egg., most ably ,filled the. office of president, nupported by Alfred Cobbold, Esq., vice president.. Among the company present, were, J. 0. Cobbold, Esq., M.P. ' the Mayor (C. F. Gower, Esq.), T. B. Ross Esq„ George Tosselyn, Esq., J. Clarkson, .Esq., of 4.nd0u,,(p,r0ct0r 7 44 the 'Association); .E.Gocl idadrEsq.,lV:llailiii, Esq..,.6eorge 43ayley, Esq,: cif -London.; - 8: Al."Notcntt, Est, R. Sheppard; Ssq., .3-oh o Christie, Esq.,_ ! --- Hurwood, Lawrenee, Esq., E. Yarrington ' Esq., Captain Garrod .(surveyor. to the Association) ; W. Taylor, jun:, Esq., jsurveyor tO Lloyd) ; Captain Rowe, Captain Dowson; - Woodbridge ; Captain Pratt, Colchester ; Messrs. G. Christopherson, H. Ridley, Clarkson; jun., E. Hobson, W. Bayley, jun., Bantoft, Beaumont, J. May, Walton Turner, W, Bookes, Mistley ; Stannard, Nayland ; R. Paul, Hag;• gar, G. Patteson, London ; C. IL Cowell, Harvey, &a. Grace having been said, and the cloth removed, the President gave in succession, " the Queen," " Prince Albert," "the Royal Family," "the Army and Navy," and " the Bishop and Clergy of the Diocese," all of which were most cordially received by the company. The PRESIDENT, in giving the next toast, said, the names of the two gentlemen whose health he was about to propose were too well known and appreciated by the company to need any comment from him. He need only mention the names of J. C. Cobbold, Esq., and H. E. Adair, Esq., the members for the borough, to meet from the company a hearty reception. (Cheers.) Mr. Cobbold had always identified himself with the Association, even from its commencement, and be was always to be found foremost in any matter connected with the welfare of the town, (Hear, hear.) J. C. COBBOLD, Esq., M.P., rose amid much cheer ing. After thanking the company for the honour paid him, he said he much regretted 'the absence of his col league, who he was sure would have been too happy to be present on such an occasion, to express his feelings of interest in the welfare of the association. (Hear, hear.) He feared that from the long connection and intimacy which had existed between himself and the chairman, it had led him to speak too highly of him, and more than he deserved. (No, no.) It was true that from the first he had taken an interest in the asso ciation, but there were those who ha r d more ex e rt e d themselves in its welfare than himself. *The society, from its commencement, always appeared to him to be in a more prosperous position than others of a similar nature in the kingdom. It was, he thought, to be attri buted to the good ships in the ha jour and their expe rienced commanders. (Hear, hear.) He need not say that the interest of the shipowner was a very great thing with him, though he was not a very large one himself. Still he felt an interest, and a very great one, in it. He thought he had been a very great claimant upon the society, for his success in shipping had not been very great ; but still he did not despair. (Hear, hear.) After alluding to the great good arising from intercourse with Continental Powers, the hon. member resumed his seat amid much applause. The PRESIDENT then gave " the Mayor and Members of the Corporation," which was warmly received. The Mavoit briefly acknowledged the toast,, and said in his earlier life his connection with shipping was far greater than at the present time ; but he felt an interest in it still. It gave him great pleasure to hear of the prosperous state of the association, which had his best wishes. (hear, hear.) It was far better than sending their money to other parts for insurance companies, because the profit arising therefrom was distributed in the town. It was, he considered, a great advantage to the town to have a society connected with it like the present. Like Mr. Cobbold, he had not been very suc cessful in the shipping bnsiness ; and his opinion was that those•who desired to enter the trade should do so at once, and not by piecemeal, for if they did they would find their money went out fast enough, and the interest did not come in. (Laughter.) EBENEZER GODDARD, Esq., said, I rise to propose, a toast which I feel assured will be received with all the cordiality and kindness which it deserves. It is the health of the gentleman presiding over this meet ing, and in conjunction with that toast, I have a most gratifying duty'to perform, which is to present, in the name of the Ipiwich Maritime Association, the service of plate now before you as a tribute of our personal esteem and regard to that gentleman, and also to testify our appreciation of his services in the very able manner he has for a series of years discharged the duties devol ving upon him as chairman of the committee of manage ment. Those gentlemen who have co-operated with him in the executive of this association, can bear their testimony to his indefatigable labours, and his untiring exertions to advance the interests of this society, and to extend the benefits which it was formed to promote. Around me, I observe many gentlemen who have at all times manifested a lively interest in all that pertains to the prosperity of the trade and commerce of the town and port of Ipswich, but who are not immediately con cerned in the shipping property of the port ; I trust, therefore, I may be excused in very briefly referring to the origin, establishment, and success of this association,' It is now some fourteen years since, that it occurred to Mr. Sheppard and a few other gentlemen connected with our port (whom I am glad to see here to-night), that a Maritime Insurance Society, founded on the principle of Mutual Insurance, might, with ad van t age to the shipowners of this and the adjacent ports, be established here. Societies of this nature were at that time only in their infancy, but the result has fully proved the soundness of the principles upon which this society was based. I may instance, as a proof of the saving effected by this mode of insurance, that instead of paying from six to ten guineas premium per cent, to underwriters at &distance, we have through this society been enabled to effect our insurances upon an average at about 41 per cent. ; thus many thousands of pounds which would otherwise have been paid to strangers have been retained in our town. This society was, I believe, the first of its kind established in this part of the kingdom, and the success which has attended it has led to the formation of many kindred societies ' both in London and the outports, the rules and regulations by which this society is governed forming the fundathental princi ples of many of those societies. Gentlemen, it is un necessary for me further to trespass upon your time, but I cannot sit down without expressing the conviction I feel of the great obligation under which the society is laid to its Chairman for that energy and busikess tact which he has at all times thrown into the management of its affairs ; and I know I am but giving utterance to the feelings of my brother committee-men in the hope that his life and health may long be continued to preside over the deliberations of the executive committee, to devote his abilities for the public weal, and to live in the enjoyment of the esteem aid friendship of his fellow citizens. Gentlemen, I have much pleasure in giving you "The health of the Chairman." Mr. SgEPPIJID rose under considerable evident emo tion, and said, if he experienced a difficulty in discharg ing his duty in a former part of the evening, what must he feel at the present moment, when he saw before him such a testimonial of their kindness and generosity ? He could not but feel proud of this especial mark of the ap preciation of his humble services, but at the same time it chided him for not being able to say that those ser- vices were adequate to their kindness and liberality. Though he had taken a deep interest in the society, yet it wouid have been nothing had it not been for the co- operation of many of those who were present on that occasion. He could not say much, for he felt it difficult to express the sentiments of his heart for their kindness_ (Rear, hear.) He, however, hoped he should long be spared to unite his humble endeavours to promote the prosperity of his native town. (Cheers.) He did feel an interest in that town, and though his services must be at all times limited, yet they might rest assured that ho would do all he could, to the best of his ability, to merit their approbation. (Hear, and cheers.) The testimonial was placed on the table, and con sisted of a coffee-pot, teapot, cream ewer, and sugar basin. The service was supplied by Mr. Cole, of the Cornhill, and we have no hesitation in stating that for chaste and elegance of design, superiority and beauty of workmanship, it surpasses anything of the kind we have ever seen. It speaks much for excellent judgment and good taste in selection. The coffe-pot bore the following inscription : Presented to DANIEL ALFRED SHEPPARD, EsQ. , By the " Ipswich Maritime Association," In testimony of th e i r es t eem f or him, as their Cha i r m a n, in promotin g th e genera l i n te r ests of the Assoc ia ti on . 22d September, MI. The PRESIDENT, after a brief introduction, read the following r e po r t : It is with considerable averages (some of is now able, after the various losses and ffi lties remained un settledwhich have from legal and other di gratification that your committee assessedu a condensed state lay before the members ofthis ' and paid, to until very recently) have beyr i i c i u t of those subjects which have ill co e llai n doratioa situ' 01 3 soup to the fat gay, 16,51. e claimed their attentive the period since they last had - an 0P Pnrtnni tYto rel lB ri ill the members, at the special generameeting held in 1851. This gratification, felt at all times, and by most m en when able to surrender a faithful account of the discharge of those duties whi c h h a d d evo l v ed upon them, is greatly heightened by your committee being able, from their ex perience during these 3 years, to report to the mem hers a continuance of the success, although of a somewhat less ened character to that which they had hitherto been able to show as the result of working out this system of mutual insurance. Your committee feel that they should err, did they not notice that the capital of your association has considerably fallen off during two of these years. This has arisen not rom a -. . renewer - unwillingness manifested by ship owners to insure in your society, b u t f rom the many and repeated losses cf vessels formerly insured, and owing also in part to the fact, that during the long trial of the various political struggles between Free Trade and Protection, commercial and other men hesitated b e f ore th ey wou l d again invest their money in this species of property. Your committee rejoices, however, at the same time, to observe that the long-looked-for re-action in shipping did take place in the autumn of 1853, and that the more ream neratiug freights which were obtained, did induce some persons again to look to his property as being fairly reran nerative in which to embark their money, and that as a natural consequence, the capital of your association has shown indications of agaia reaching the point at about which it stood some years, for that whilst in 1851 and couireittee find the sum 'of 51,67 01 . already entered upon 5 1 2 8 , 5 5 2 50' i/t had fa . ; and it t le is rit4h7Csosnolsid"eirat rose in blesatisract3 and 1854,ionthat pour to tie your deed for 1851 and 1855. re sheen TI The t m h e o s ra t t e at important whie h p part he o of thi s essel ss p a r n t d i i n s, g of in C t o h u 1 l e ir e r t c' e - seective classes have been insured, and your committee would call particular attention to these rates as follows : For the years 1851 and 1652. Per Cent. . For ve "ets insured in Class A 1 £4 5 0 Class A 3 6 6 2 ti t t to to_ . . , Class A 2 5 1 0 For the years 1852 and 1853. For vessels insured in Clas s A 1 - Ditto Class A 2 10 0 0 Ditto 'Class A 3 13 2 0 • And far the years 1853 and 1854. For vessels insured in Class A 1 . 4 15 0 Ditto - - Class A:2 theelaagrateAo3f insurance f s o 7 r t l h g e T oo e a r It willb t e i e t e t4 en that 1852 and 1853 is unfortunately the highes t _ ever paid since the establishm en t o f y ou r association, and aio wonder, when it is generally admitted that this :wee the most disastrous year amongst shipping ever known. There were, besides, even a greater number than the usual list of casualties and claims for damages, six total losses. Some of theme veasiels formed as goo d p ro p er ty . as ,any insttred in your anemia. tion, and covered I G O as lirge - inns 'Wallowed by rules. . . In the other two years happily only two total losses in each year occurred. .Notwithstanding these adverse cir cumstances, the greater gratification is felt by your corn. mittee from the fact that the rate of insurance for the whole 13 years the association has been in existence has only reached -- 41. 10s. 11d. per Cent. for Si. lie. lid. 61. 17s. lOid. ' 3. To make mention of praiseworthy conduct on the part of any commanders of vessels insured. in this association is a duty not a little pleasing to your committee, and they have had under' their notice during these three years two or three instances of very excellent management by captains whose vessels have more or less been placed in situations of difficulty ; and yet, by the energy, perseverance, and cot rage of these commanders, your association has been called upon to contribute to averages far less than must other wise have been the case but for their exertions ; and to mark their sense and approval of such conduct, your com mittee have presented small gratuities to the masters and crews of the Magnet, the lints, and to the master of the Janet Sherman. L in Class A 1. It is right now to notice, that, in the discharge of their duties as your committee, it is scarcely possible but that in the numerous instances of damage and losses by " col lisions" at sea, "collisions" at law will sometimes arise-- and several cases have required the grave and mature con sideration of your committee ; therefore, without enume rating more, it is well the members should know that one case inlthe year 1851 and 1852, and one during this last year. have been the subject of a long and tedious trial in the High Court of Admiralty. Both cases were surrounded by difficulties of no ordinary character,—especially the first—that of the Amphitrite, insured by Mr. Cuckow and others ; which vessel, when on her homeward voyage from the Mediterranean, was run down by a large Norwegian barque; the other, that of the Adam Clarke, insured by Mr. Brooks of Mistley, also required the greatest care and watchfulness in conducting it to an issue. Fortunately both these trials resulted in favour of your association, a result mainly obtained by the unceasing attention personally given to them by your secretary, and by the knowledge and experience possessed by him in the practice of the Court of Admiralty, coupled with the able advice and assistance of the proctors into whose hands your secretary and committee always entrust these suits. • That the - members may know more fully and appreciate what is here stated, a saving of not less than 1,2001. to 1,40)1. has been made to the association in these two cases. In conclusion, your committee rests satisfied that the experience obtained by the working of this association during the 13 years now completed fully justifies its being established—that the anticipations indulged in at that time have been fully realised, and to a much larger extent perhaps than was to have been expected. And it is not any unfair confirmation of these sentiments, to note to the members generally that many similar societies for insuring property upon this mutual plan have been established in London and other parts of the kingdom ; and whilst naming this, your committee refers to it more in con firmation of their belief of the desirableness there is to maintain in our own port so useful and valuable an insti tution„ • The success attending your association has been in part achieved by the united co-opezation and endeavours of your committee, assisted by the able, practical, and nauti cal judgment possessed by some of them ; but their endeavours would have failed greatly had it not been for the zeal and attention constantly given by your secre tary to the discharge of his duties, no less than for the prudent and solicitous care he takes that expenses (legal expenses especially) should be avoided, without good grounds exist for their being incurred. Your committee cannot entertain too high an estimate of such services; and coupled with them are to be included, in like honour able mention, the able, consistent, and practical judgment and watchfulness of your surveyor, by whose ability and faithful attention to the survey and inspection of ships offered for insurance, and also of those continued upon your deed from year to year, so much benefit and security to your association have been obtained. And your com mittee doubts not these sentiments will be fully shared in by the members at large. After a few remarks upon the Report, the PRESIDENT stated that it was the determination of the Committee, in all cases which came before them, not only to give equity and justice, but liberality. (Hear, hear.) Many advantages were attached to this society not to be found in others. In the loss of anchors and chains, and other minor parts of a ship's stores, rernuneration was always made for such loss. He would now propose that they drink " Success to the Ipswich Maritime Association. " (Loud cheers.) With reference to the rate of insurance, while theirs was only 41. 10s. 11d., other societies in various parts of the kingdom were as high as 14, 15, and oven 20 per cent. for their first-class property. The PRESIDENT gave the health of Mr. Clarkson, of London, the proctor of the association, with thanks to him for his courtesy in coming amongst them. (Cheers.) Mr. CLARKSoN acknowledged the compliment, and stated the pleasure he felt in meeting the company ; at the same time expressing the pleasure be should always feel in promoting the interests of the association. (Cheers.) Mr. COBBOLD proposed " Prosperity to the Commerce, Manufactures, and Trades of Ipswich," coupling with it the names of Messrs. W. Bayley and C. H. Cowell. (Applause.) There was a time, said the hon. gentle man, when the town was in a state of great depression, but he firmly believed it was now ire a state of progres sive prosperity. (Hear, hear.) And he also was of opinion that the shipbuilders, at that moment, were em ploying as great a number of hands as upon any previous occasion. He did most sincerely hope that the town would continue to prosper. Mr. BAYLEY and Mr. COWELL briefly responded. Mr. E. LAWRANCE, in rising to propose the next toast, said he did not expect to be called from his usu ally obscure position to take so prominent a part in the proceedings of the evening. He always felt some diffi dence in proposing toasts, but the nature of the one he held in his hand relieved him from many difficulties, which, perhaps, in any other matter he should have laboured under. He believed he was the oldest in the present company, and with nerves unstrung and reool lections fresh, he did not but feel himself flattered by the compliment. The toast was—" The Merchant Navy of Great Britain," especially that part which belonged to the port of Ipswich. (Loud cheers.) He begged to couple with the toast the name of Mr. Cuckow. (Cheers.) Mr. CIICKOW returned thanks. The PRESIDENT gave the health of the Vice-president of the Committee of Management of the Wet Doek, Geo. Josselyn, Esq.—(cheers)—and spoke in high terms of the valuable services of that gentleman in promoting the welfare of Ipswich. Mr. JOSSELYN replied by saying, he had slwar a high opinion of such meetings as the present, se it broug h t t , 1 11 ;: s t t t? w w ilitid a it s h is old friends together. (Hear.) He weld prcre? it the t health of the Visitors to Ipswich," name of Mr. Geo. Bayley, of Lon Mr. G. BAILIIT, in acknowledging was a source of great pleasure to dc h;; kind a reception from his Ipswich friends . native town, and the earliest as were connected with it, present. But nearly 50 y IPswiell bad to him a peculiar regularity beauty of the scenery, the uniformity of its buildings, in fact, his native place. un iting Intl( 1 the t aesocu►tions of his youth had passed since then.. and wit h s ome of those he saw 9z charm. It was not the of its streets, or the that attracted him. It was, (Applause.) He felt an inward pleasure when going overthi pages o f hist ory, eh to see men ti on made of the ob scure town of l pewit, . He wee happy to hear it was in so prosperous a eondition, aad he earnestly hoped it would go on. (Hear.) Ipswieh had done muc h in improving the build of ships, and with w hich the name of Gower was early associated. (Hear.) Tile PRESIDENT proposed "The health of A. Colelsolel, E s q., the Secretary to the Society," and thanks to him for his valuable services. (Applause.) Mr. A. COBBOLD responded, and said be ahoald al ways feel great pleasure in giving his humble eerriees for the benefit of the association. (Hear, hear.) Mr: LAWRANCE, after speaking in high terms of the intellectual skill of Mr. Hurwood, the engineer of th e Ipswich Wet Dock, proposed that gentleman's health. (Cheers.) Mr. HURWOOD acknowledged in suitable terms. Mr. CHRISTOPHERSON gave "The Committee ef M a , • nagement," which Mr. Goddard acknowledgati, The PRESIDENT shortly after proposed "The Ladies," which was warmly received, and this being the last toast, the President vacated his seat, and the compeo7 soon after broke up. We cannot close our report without addi ng our tsstt. niony to the admirable dinner supplied by Me. Taylor, the landlord of the Vine. The most fastidi o ne eolatl'ecit desire a repast of a better description. The wines Were ess.elleat, and the dessert of the e)wicoot, deseFiptim .~'-~. t i. • ? t'~