The Sun. — London, England, 1833-10-26 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. The Committee "on manufactures, com merce, and shipping;" — iti — whose labours we adverted on Thursday, have, during their 33 days' examinations, and from their seventy or eighty witnesses, elicited a great body of curious and interesting information on the various topics to which their attention had been directed. It is, however, to be regretted that either their limited ideas of their duty, or extensive calls upon their time, towards the end of the session, have prevented them from collecting, under a methodical arrangement, the leading facts which their inquiries had enabled them to ascertain, and to point out, with a reference to general principles, the great bearings of the evid ence . As an excuse for this omission, they probably thought that the chief bases of the investigation having been laid in an allegation of universal distress, arising from a deficiency of currency, they sufficiently accomplished their mission by producing an overwhelming mass of testimony to disprove such a fallacy. If that was their object, they have entirely succeeded. There probably never was summoned before any com mittee so great a number of witnesses, of different trades and professions in life, con nected with different and distant parts of the country, and representing different or even oppo site interests, whose language and statements— when properly weighed and interpreted—more completely harmonize in one important con clusion—namely, that, instead of suffering the alleged general depression, all the great branches of our trade and industry enjoy at pre sent an unusual degree of prosperity. This being the case, it was probably as judicious as it was humane to abstain from pressing with excessive severity on the currency-mongers, whose principles had been defeated before the inquiry commenced, and whose mortification must have been completed by the first few days' examinations. It was the steadiness with which the Government and the Legislature have per severed in resisting all the proposed changes in the currency which constituted one of the main causes of restoring the prosperous condition of our trade, and affords us the only prospect of its stability. But even though the result of the investigation had been different—though as much distress had been proved as had been as serted—it might have been demonstrated to every thinking person in the realm, that the remedy was not to be found in the variation of our standard of value, or in the re-enactment of the old restrictions on our commerce. What was said about clipping the King's coin, or reducing the monetary standard in the time of Elizabeth or of the Stuarts, would have been equally applicable to an excessive issue of paper money at the present day, if issued with the avowed object of causing a depreciation of the currency. "It will discourage," said Sir R. Cotton, in an argument before the Privy Council, " a great proportion of the trade in England. For that part (not being the least) that payeth upon trust and credit will be overthrown, for all men being doubtful of diminution thereby of their personal estates, trill call in their moneys already out, and no man will part with that which is by him upon such apparent loss as this will bring. What danger may befall the state by such a sudden stand of trade, I cannot guess." The same author quotes a saying of Queen Elizabeth at the time when she restored the old standard, to the effect that " she had now conquered that Monster which had devoured her people," mean ing the variations of the coin. We quoted on Thursday the excellent evidence of Mr. Gurney and Mr. Loyd, to show that the chief cause alleged by Mr. Attwood to account for an imaginary extent of distress existed only in the imagination of the Hon. Member. Before we collect together into one representation the evi dence of the improving or prosperous state of the country, we may as well at once dispose of the bugbear of currency by which the inquiry was to have been influenced. Mr. Salt, of Bir mingham, returns the following answers to questions put to him on the subject of the cur rency : " Then, you do not consider the state of trade in Bir mingham to be sound and healthy ?—Certainly not. " What do you consider to be the cause of the great difficulty and embarrassment in Birmingham ?—I think the cause of all the vicissitudes that have taken place in trade depends upon the fact that there is in England no standard of value whatever, and that therefore all trade is gambling. " How do you explain that ?—Gold has not the quality of a fixed standard of value in England, on account of the enormous superstructure of paper making the prices fluc tuate with the increase or diminution of the paper, without any reference to a fixed standard of value. " You say that the credit-paper circulation of England so acts upon the gold, and makes such fluctations in the value of the gold, that you consider that gold furnishes no standard to be depended on ?—No standard at all; for instance, if the price of wheat at present was Si. a bushel, and the Bank of England were to withdraw the whole of its paper from circulation, the price of wheat would fall to Is. 6d. or 2s. a-bushel. The value of all goods in England depends upon the power of the Bauk of Eagland in issuing and withdrawing its paper, in which operation it is uncontrolled ; and whenever it withdraws its paper, prices fall, to the ruin of the manufacturers.. " What do you consider would be an efficient remedy for ti e general distress of which you complain amongst the industrious classes in the town of Birmingham ?—' should consider that to have in efficient and proper Stan dard of value would he a remedy for all the general dis tress; all other causes of distress act locally, but that cause acts universally, and is constitutionally disorganizing the whole franse of society. "Do you think there is a sufficient currency in the country?—Certainly not. "Do you think an increase in the currency of the coun try would be beneficial in relieving the trade of the cowl- try ?—I have not the slightest doubt whattver that it would altogether relieve the distress. " Is not that productive of very considerable economy in the trade, rendering less capital necessary ?—Not to that extent which might be supposed, because a great change has taken place in Birmingham. When I fist embarked in business in Birmingham, it had been the practice from time immemorial to make all their purchases the first twelvemonth without paying anything, and if you cleared off the purchases of the first twelvemonth in the next twelvemonth, it was considered regular payment ; now, if I purchase metal, I pi) , for it the same day in cash, and that practice is general in the purchase of metals. " What discount is allowed for ready money ?—The discount formerly allowed was I/. per month per tcn ; that is to say, supposing I bought copper at 112/., I paid 11. per month for every montb's credit that I took ; but at present it is always a matter of separate and distinct bar gain ; if a person purchases a large lot of copper and gives a banker's bill for it, the difference is to give only the dis count of the bill. Does it not appe ar to you to be a sounder and whole somer state of trade, in which so much is paid down in hard money at once, rath er than t he pr u eva. , ence of the long cr edit you describe in form er times ? __Undoubtedly, taking , Tedit is less advantageous than payin g ready m o n e y, b ut in the present sta te of trade t he w h o l e of trade is crippled for want of motley. " Do you find any difficulty in discounting g r d hilly ? —There is no difficulty in discounting good - hilt, , Luc there is an enormous difficulty in getting them.i. It must be plain to the meanest capacity that the fluctuations of which Mr. Salt complains are fluctuations arising from paper, and that, conse quently, the additional quantity of paper which he recommends would only increase the evil. Mr. James Grimsliaw gives the following evi dence on this point, in which he seems to have been inspired by the very genius of Mr. Att wood : " To what do you attribute this depression of wages ? —To the contraction of the currency. " Are you of opinion that if the currency was placed upon its former affluent footing, the same prices would take place again?—.Not the same prices, but improvement would take place. " Do you think such improvement desirable ?—I would rather have the taxation reduced, and keep the currency as it ie. " Supposing the taxation cannot be reduced ?—I would rather have the currency extended to the point at which it was from 1820 to 1824, and then I think we should feel comparative little distress." - We shall return to the subject of the report more at length on the earliest opportunity..... Times. As far as legal protection goes, there are very few countries in Europe in which the mass of the people are not better secured than the mass of Englishmen. From considerable knowledge of both parts of the island, we have no hesita tion in saying, that a Scotchman possesses much more of the independence which a knowledge that he is under the protection of the law gives, than an Englishman. The Englishman im presses a stranger with the idea that he is without the consciousness of legal protection. In the towns he has a more independent aspect ; but in the country he has an abject, downcast appear ance. He is habitually sullen and reserved ; and knowing his unprotected situation, and feeling that in England law is only for the rich, who " rule the law," he keeps his oppressors solely in cheek by midnight vengeance. The very cir cumstance of England being the only country in Europe in which no attempt has ever been made to establish Courts accessible to the people, proves that the mass of the people of England were of less account than the mass of the people in any other civilized country of Europe. Hobbes long ago demonstrated, that the necessary con sequence of Oligarchical Government was, that the mass of the people were more oppressed than under Monarchical Government. But the people of England were habitually obedient to the law ! This does not prove the excellence of the institutions of England, but the power of the Government and the completeness of the subjection of the people. Were the obe dience of the people to be the criterion of the goodness of institutions, the institutions of the Turks and Russians would be the best in the world, for nothing strikes a stranger in Turkey and Russia so much as the blind obedience of the people. There are some curious illustrations of this with respect to the Turks in the very instructive volumes of Mr. Slade. In Turkey (he observes) no man even thinks of resisting any one armed with the power of the law. In the midst of the thickest crowd in Constantinople, or any other town, an officer lays hold of some one in the crowd, and tells him that he has or ders to execute him. The man, perhaps, at first remonstrates —says there must be some mistake —but on the other assuring him that there can be no mistake, the victim calmly presents his neck to the executioner, who immediately stran gles him. No person in the crowd ever thinks of questioning the propriety of this. Nothing struck Mr. Slade so much as the blind deference yielded to every person clothed with power from the highest to the lowest. Manslaughter, he said, was absolutely unknown. The obedience of the Russians is also most edifying. The peasant never resents any usage, however cruel—he considers it his lot to submit to power—and whether he de serve the beating he receives or not, he is patient under it. The habitual obedience of the Eng glish merely proves that they are thoroughly embued with the idea that any attempt to resist the power of the Government, which every man of property is eager to support, would be utterly hopeless. The Italian, under strong provocation, conceives that he may find an asylum in a church, or may escape into another territory, or may become one of a robber band in the mountains, and he draws his knife on the slightest provocation. He does not trust to the law for protection, any more than the English man ; but he knows that he can become an outlaw, which an Englishman cannot become. The Scotchman would not submit to the wrongs to which an Englishman submits, because the first glance at a Scotchman of the lower orders will show the most superficial observer, that, whether from education, youthful associations, or from whatever cause, he is infinitely more intelligent than the Englishman of the same class. What an Englishman would submit to in the way of oppression, a Scotchman would probably resent. Every surgeon of a convict ship admits that a single Scotchman, from his lawyer propensi ties, gives him more trouble than a whole crew of Englishmen. It is exceedingly probable, that when the institutions of the English are greatly. improved, the people will be less contented with them than they now are with institutions under which they are wretchedly protected. When men become more intelligent they are more hard to please. It has been again and again observed, that the countries of Europe from which the people are most disposed to emigrate, are those in which the laws are best administered. The Austrian does not leave his country, nor the Belgian, but the industrious native of Wirtem ' berg and the Palatinate ; the poor Catholic Swiss of the mountains remains at home—the industrious Protestant of Zurich and Basle quits his home. Till lately, the emigration to America was not from the oppressed provinces of Mun ster and Connaught, but from the favoured Protestant Ulster. — The men who in the Awe- rican war fought most bitterly against the Eng lish army, were the Presbyterians of Down and Antrim, who formed the Pensylvanian line. We like to see dissatisfaction, because it indicates an enlargement of views. The source of all the im provement in the world is dissatisfaction with our present situation, and the desire to better it. As long as men will be satisfied with imper fect institutions, they will assuredly not be im proved. Nothing but uneasiness will ever obtain from the governing part of any nation improved laws and institutions. Had we been contented with an unreformed Parliament, we should never have had a reformed Parliament ; and, as is well observed by the Lord Chancellor, the Parliament will only concede a system of general education to the people of England when they show that they are bent on having it. If the badness of the laws were a reason for being dissatisfied with them, the people of Eng land would long ago have been steeped in dissatisfaction. — But they knew no bettter—they probably had heard the laws of England extolled, and believed naturally enough that the object of law was to make all people miserable who were drawn into Court. A gentleman, who, after the seige of Athens, lived for some months in the house of the Austrian Consul with a num ber of female prisoners, the wires of Turks of distinction who fell in the conflict, and from his facility in speaking Greek, conversed with them without reserve on all sorts of subjects, was unable to make them comprehend how the ladies of :Europe should he allowed to go where they pleased, without any control. They thought such a liberty very im proper. We have no doubt, however, that with the benefit of good examples, they might soon have become desirous of liberty, and dis satisfied with the restraint which they then thought so proper. As an example of the sort of benefit the English derive from their admirable institutions, we copy the following paragraph from the Kent Herald, received yesterday : " In reference to a trial at Maidstone, for resisting a distraint for Church Cess in the parish of Sevenoaks, we cannot refrain from drawing the attention of our readers to the charge made upon the parties for what are called ' fees of Court.' Here are three innocent individuals, declared to be so by the verdict of the Jury, who are required to pay 11/. 10s. as fees ! after having gone through the hardship, and, to persons in their class of society, the especial great inconvenience of being dragged from their homes and occupations, and the expense neces sarily incurred in attending a Court of Law at a distance from their residence. " It is the recurrence of circumstances such as these which will inevitably bring the law, or at least its admi nistration, into contempt and abhorrence with the people of England, who hitherto have shown a ready obedience to it such as no other people in the world, oppreised for so long a period, hive ever done. It is no doubt very well for those who are clothed in fine linen and live sumptu ously every day, to talk of the beauty of English juris prudence ; but to the poor man, or rather to the great body of the nation, law is an expensive process which the wealthy may indulge in—but it is not within the reach (from the expense alone) of the mass of the community, and therefore is as much a denial of justice to them, as if the Magna Charta had never existed. " If these charges are sent to us, we will publish them; and we advise the parties to see if they are in conformity with the scale established by the magistrates, who are required, by an Act of Parliament passed some fifteen or sixteen years ago, to make out such a scale of fees for the Clerk of the Peace and the Courts. If the fees are not in conformity with that scale, they may be legally resisted ; and if no such scale exists, the magistrates have not com plied with thelaw." In what country of Europe, except England, would these poor men, acquitted by a verdict of a .Jury, be subjected to the burden of W. 10s. of fees, over and above the heavy charges ne cessarily attendant on a prosecution ? There is no Government in Europe, England ex cepted, in which an abuse of this kind would have been tolerated a single year. And why has it been tolerated in England ? Because the Clerk of the Peace is usually a brother or a son of some leading Aristocrat ; and all that the Magistrates think of is, that a good place, worth the acceptance of one of their number, may be preserved. But Kent is moderate, com pared with some counties. It is not many years since a demand of 141. was made upon a defendant in a Western County, and being a poor man, he was detained some months in prison till the money could be raised for the Clerk of the Peace. Humane Counsel have occasionally in Middlesex recommended to poor defendants to allow themselves to be convicted, by which means they might escape the fees exigible from innocence. These abuses have long been matter of notoriety ; but pauper and insolvent land owners will cling to an abomination of this kind with a pertinacity with which a tiger clings to his prey. There are deceivers of the people, who would persuade them that cheap law would ruin them—that it would place them at the mercy of their superiors. 0 most gullible people, if this absurdity be swallowed, we know not what may not be swallowed ! At present the rich man is only restrained by indolence, or a dislike to exhibit himself openly as a prose cutor, from doing what he pleases with the poor, through the instrumentality of the law. The law is always a buckler to the weak. The rich know this well ; and though the middle class would resist any attempt to exclude them from courts of law, they may not be equally desirous of opening them to their inferiors. Time being of less value to the poor than to their superiors, it is possible that cheap law might, at first, tempt the poor to harass their superiors. But this evil will soon remedy itself. A poor man will find, to his cost, that a litigious character will, in the long run, be as injurious to him as it would be to his master. At present, justice is doled out to the poor in England as a matter of favour, not as a right. If, for instance, the Mar quis of Camden, the Lord Lieutenant of Kent, were to give a blow to one of his labourers, we will answer for it there is not a magistrate in Kent who would have the courage to issue out a warrant against him. We will tell what would happen on the other side of the Tweed, from what we saw. In 1814, the Earl of Home, Lord Lieutenant of Berwick shire, found a cobbler, of Coldstream, fishing on his grounds, and being an athletic man, he set upon the cobbler and pummelled him. The cobbler instantly applied, by the usual process, to the Sheriff Substitute of the county, who cited the Earl of Home before him, as he would cite any drunken tinker ; and on proof of the fact, sentenced him to pay a fine and damages to the aggrieved individual. The Sheriff durst not, like an English Magistrate, decline the duty— it was imperative on him. He was as much obliged to cite the Lord Lieutenant before him, and to punish him, as he would have been obliged to give any creditor a decree against his confessing debtor. We defy the lower classes of any country to know what personal inde pendence is, without they have access to Courts of Law. Whether the lower classes are im- proved by personal independence is another question. Many people say that the prostrate condition of the English is the felicity of the rich. There is, however, the small deduction of rick burning—a slavish practice —to be taken as a set-off:—Morning Chronicle. The resistance to the assessed taxes becomes more serious. What is called passive resistance is followed by force—a natural result, for it is an easy step from the evasion of the l a w t o the setting it 'at defiance. We were among the earliest and the most uncompromising advocates for the repeal of the assessed taxes, but we would have them repealed by legal means, and in a constitutional manner. The Whig journals, that called out for political unions and armed associations to carry on the Reform Bill, are excessively indignant at the anti-tax associations. They first taught the people the advantage of taking a menacing attitude, and now they are exceedingly angry that the pupils of their syste matic lessons of violence will not readily learn the tactics of submission. The journals that are most vehement in denouncin g the multitude for refusing to pay the assessed t axes were j ust as fulsome in their praises of Lord Fitzwiliiam and Mr. Brougham, the Member for Southwark, because, during the excitement of the Reform Bill, they set the people the example. The Reform Bill was worth nothing unless as being available to the removal of grievous burdens of the country. Among those burdens there are none so unequal, unjust, and oppre ssive as t h e house and window taxes, which, besides, were laid on expressly as war taxes, to be repealed within two years after the commencement of peace. Never was the faith of Government more grossly vio lated than in the instance of those taxes. Still we do not like to see the people, who have such just cause of complaint, putting themselves in the wrong by resisting their payment. Why was the nation put in a state of ferment for two years about the obtaining of a reformed House of Commons ? Was it not that the people might have representatives who would attend to their just complaints and redress their grievances, without making any unconstitutional proceedings necessary for that purpose ? We confess we are among the number of those who have been disappointed by the reformed House. Neither in talent, intelligence, spirit, or integrity, has it enabled us to congratulate the country very warmly on the change which has taken place. Still, as it has not a perpetuity of power—as it must one day come before the people and give an account of its stewardship—it is not to be anticipated that it will dare to resist the public voice demanding a repeal of the assessed taxes in the ensuing Session. We would not delude the people by asking them to place any reliance upon the promises or the pledges of Lord Althorp, or any of the King's Ministers. Experience has taught us that they are less governed by a sense of honour, and an exalted notion of public duty, than by their fears. Let the people, then, speak out to their representa tives. Let them resolve upon never support ing any man again at the hustings who does not vote next Session for the total repeal of the house and window taxes. Servile to the Ministry as the present House of Commons is, it will not dare to resist the universality of such a call. The dread of being beaten, and, pelhaps obliged to resign in utter disgrace, will bring Ministers to a sense of their duty and a proper consideration for their pledges. All this can be clone without any illegal combinations whatever. We were the first that pointed out the objectionable principle involved in that part of the Reform Bill which makes the payment of assessed taxes a condition precedent to enjoying the elective franchise. We over and over again declared that a Bill of political rights should not be degraded into a Revenue Act, which the Reform Bill is, by the provision to which we allude. It is the first principle of the British Constitution that the people shall not be taxed without their own consent, and yet the payment of taxes is made to precede the enjoyment of the right to elect the representatives by whom the people are taxed ! Was there ever such absurdity ? Still, we believe, the country has the means of redress in its own hands, without having recourse to any illegal proceedings. Unlawful associations may retard but cannot accelerate the repeal of the assessed taxes. Exhi bitions of popular resistance and force may be the means of strengthening the hands of Ministers with greater powers than they at present possess. If the people would oppose those taxes with effect, they will avoid all illegal acts, and take their stand upon the ramparts of the Constitu tion.—Morning Herald. We sincerely pity Earl Fitzwilliam and the learned gentleman, who is a Master in Chancery, because he happens to be the brother of Lord Brougham, and some other eminent Whigs and Reformers, on account of the unmerciful castigation which they now, each morning and evening, receive from the press of a most un grateful and inconsistent Administration. A hot-headed and ignorant opponent of the assessed taxes in Marylebone has had his goods dragged out of his house by the officers of the law, in pursuance of their unquestionable duty, which goods were immediately rescued from the officers, and restored to their original owner, by other hot-headed and ignorant opponents of these imposts, in pursuance, not of their duty, cer tainly, but of what it has been the constant endeavour of the Whigs out of office and in office, to inculcate as one of the first and most important of patriotic duties—the duty, namely, of resisting the law, in every case in which the law happens to be unpalatable to the multitude. And upon this occasion, merely because resist ance to the law is just now inconvenient to Ministers, the whole Whig and Ministerial press is lashing and goading itself into a stimu lated rage, and heaping terms of opprobrium and contumely upon all who resist the col lection of this branch of the revenue, just as if no such persons as Earl Fitzwilliam or Mr. Brougham were in existence, as if E ar l Grey had never told the Bishops to put their houses in order, as if the Administration had not purchased the pelf and patronage they likes so well by c onniving at, and encouraging syste matic outrages against the law. The deluded men who are merely obeying the impulse which Ministers themselves have given can of course despise the railings of the Ministerial Press. What signifies to them the reproach that " they claim no exemption on account of poverty, but seek an odious and disgraceful distinction by boldly setting the law at defiance." They are simply doing what Lord Milton and the Lord Chancellor's brother, and other leading Whigs, the close allies and firm confederates of Ministers, not only without rebuke but with infinite ap plause proclaimed their determination to do upon another and much less important occasion. The " odious and disgraceful distinction" can, they know, never belong to them, the humble and distant followers of persons of much higher importance, but must be the exclusive and im perishable meed of those whose example is at once their apology and their protection. Did Lord Milton claim an exemption on account of poverty? Did the Master in Chancery claim an exemption on account of poverty ? Or did not both those persons, by boldly setting the law at defiance, seek and obtain that very distinction, which the organs of an ungrateful and inconsis tent Ministry now denounce as " odious and disgraceful." The reproach passes by the asso ciations as the wind which they regard not, but inflicts a deep and terrible wound upon the titled, official, and original contemners of the law. That the associations believe themselves to be merely treading a path which their superiors have sanctified by their example, there are many proofs, among the strongest of which, we should adduce the fact that one of these bodies ,he other day applied to the magistrates on the Breiin sol ence, h i e m m p s e e r l t v i e n s e n a c m e oli a g n d itsmembers. however. " When the delegates were peremp torily ordered to withdraw," says a minist er i a l con temporary, " they complained of a want o f is cou rtesy. Courtesy, indeed! That courtesy to ,h i is ch to enrol ee which they were best entitled would have been the treadmill. But why should they not complain of a want of courtesy ? Would the magistrates have peremptorily ordered Earl Fitzwilliam aid the brother of the Lord Chancellor to withdraw from their presence? And is it a necessary effect of our new Constitution, that journals in the interest of the King's Govern ment should feel bound to consign, by unam biguous implication, P eers o f the Realm and Masters in Chancery to the treadmill ? An a pprehension is expressed that, " if such at. tempts (to resist the collection of the obnoxious taxes) should be to any degree successful, they would throw discredit upon the Reform Act, especially that part of it which the friends of the people defended with most difficulty, and on the character of the middle classes of the English people." Discredit on the Reform Act! As if this ridiculous and odious abortion could by any conduct on the part of the people, be more thoroughly discredited than it is. The friends of the people too ! As if this insolent jargon were not already out of date, now that the people have discovered these pretended friends, to be the most insidious and unprin cipled of their enemies. That part of the Re form Bill, above all, which it was so very diffi cult to defend ! As if the new consti tuencies, whose expectations of advantage from this Bill were naturally excited above those of any other portion of the people, were not sure to be the first to discover and the readiest to resent the fraud which had been put upon them. The character of the middle classes of the people of England is peculiarly affected, it seems also, by the organized resistance to the assessed taxes, as if all the world did not know that they are persons belonging to the highest classes, men standing at the very foot of the Throne, who have scattered the seeds of every disorder that exists, and of the still greater disorders which are to be apprehended. In thus tracing existing evils, to their true source, we are far from entertaining a desire to encourage any class of the people to set the law at de fiance. It is the interest no less than the duty, of all classes of the people to yield a ready and unqualified obedience to the law ; and their interest and duty in this respect, are in no degree changed by the fact, that it has been their misfortune to hear the King's Ministers hold out incitements to insurrection, and Peers of Parliament and elevated legal functionaries proclaim, by their language and example, that the laws, when they become disagreeable, may be resisted, without criminality or dishonour. It would have been a subject of pride and exul tation to us to have been enabled to say that the middle and lower classes of our countrymen had shown themselves capable of withstanding the influence, even of those powerful causes of cor ruption and disorder. But this was scarcely to be expected. The poison which was so sedu lously administered could not have failed, in any nation, to produce the consequences that we now behold and lament. All that can really excite surprise is, that the pernicious and in toxicating drugs, which constituted the whole stock in trade of the empirics, to whom the public health and safety have been committed, should not have performed more rapidly and extensively than they have yet done, their natu ral work of misery, degradation, and ruin Morning Post. MARKET INTELLIGENCE. LONDON MARKETS, (From the " London New Price Current" of yesterday.) SUGAR.—The Sugar Market continues in a very lan guid and depressed state, and from the number of sales this week, in which the prices did not transpire, it is sup posed the holders having given way 6d. to ls. per cwt. The reduction is not, however, general, as the principal importers continue firm, and still withdraw their Sugars from present sale, in the anticipation of higher prices. In the Refined Market there is a further depression, fine Crashed being sold at 335., and low at 325. Low Lumps 635., good for melting 665. and 669. 6d. This afternoon the Refined Market continues in a very depressed state, and the fine qualities entitled to the bounty on double reined have again been sold upon lower terms, some con tracts for small parcels for immediate shipment having been made at 325. 6d. a 339. The stock on hand, however, at present is rather small. Of the low descriptions there are very few parcels offering, and in prices no alteration can be noticed. MAURITIUS SUGAR.—There have been no public sales of Mauritius, and few purchases privately are reported. EAST INDIA SUGAR.-Bengal Sugars are offered at lower tales on account of the near approach of the East India House sale. There have been inquiries for Siams by the Refiners; 225. Ims been offered and refused for low white ; good white is in demand for export at 245. 6d. a 255. FOREIGN SUGAR.—The inquiry after Foreign Sugar has entirely subsided. At public sale on Tuesday last 159 Maceio, low and mid. very soft white, were all with drawn at 265. ; 70 chests 10 brio. Rio Janeiro, low and fine brown rather damp, were all taken in 21s. 6d. a 235; there were no offers at or after the sale for these sugars. WEST INDIA MOLASSES.-There is a considerable demand for West India Molasses; 265. 61 has been refused for a large parcel of Demerara, and some sales of Grenada are reported at 265. This afternoon sales of Demerara are reported at 275. COFFEE.—We cannot quote any further reduction in the prices of British Plantation Coffee, but the Market is very heavy, and the principal hart of the quantity brought for ward at public sale has been taken in at Market prices. ' Foreign Coffee is held with much firmness, but the buyers evince no disposition to purchase, arid from the late un favourable reports from Flanders the Market has assumed a heavy appearance. Some Ceylon, about 1,000 bags we believe, sold 60s. 6d. and 615., which at the late highest state of the Market was worth 655. or 665. ; some good ord. Brazil sold 62e. a 635. 6d. This day's sales 723 bags Ceylon good to fine ord. nearly all bought in 61e. a 655. ; 134 trs. 35 brls. and bags Jamaica, Demerara, and Ber bice, the great proportion still taken in; no alteration in the prices ; the Market very heavy. Cocoa..—Cocoa continues neglected ; a parcel of British Plantation 157 pack ages were all taken in, no buyers. Rug, BRANDY, AND Hor.Lawns.--There have been sales of proof Leewards at 2s. Id., but that price is not now easily obtained ; Jamaica descriptions are still heavy at the late reduction in prices, but there are few sales re ported. Brandy and Geneva are without variation. TALLOW.—The Tallow Market is again rather higher, and firm at the advance. 1892. 1833. Stock of Tallow on Monday 15,769 33,541 D-livery last week . Delivery from Ist Jun• ...... 43,889 47,006 Arrival last week 5,269 116 Arrived from Ist June 52,126 74,462 Price Y.C. on Monday 42a. 455. a 455. 3d Price , :f Town last Friday 465. 6d. 50s. INDIGO.—There is no alteration since the close of the East India house sale; some few sales are reported at 3d. per lb. premium, but the advance is not general. SALTPETRE.--Saltpetre is again rather lower. At pubic sale 1,430 bags good rough Calcutta 64 to 8 re traction, 361. a 365. 61. ; 104 to 121, at 355. a 355. 6d. TOBACCO.—Tne only sales lately reported are small parcels for the home trade. lloPs.—The market is dull; the currency for new Sussex pockets is 105 s. a 1355. ; for Kent, 112 s. a 1475. The estimated duty is 157,0001. to 160,0001. stK the market _ T eE i s 4 very n heavy. TEA.—There is no alt e ra t i on w h atever in the market, India anal the transaction s are very li m i ted. RlCE.—Ther e i s li tt l e a l teration in the prices of Rice, but Company's sale commenced on Monday last, with a full attendance of buyers, and prices went from 35. to 51. higher than the last sale. The few bales refused at the last sale were bought in at an advance of fully 45. per lb. on the taxsd price. On the first day 555 bales were sold, on the second day 671 bales, and on the third day 544. There was great competition for some si ks, and the prices have remained throughout the sale at the advance quoted. There are but few private Bengals for sale, and a great part of the Chinas which were declared for sale have been withdrawn. Not one bale has yet been refused. In the Italian Market some sales have been made at advanced prices. Brutias remain steady. At the close this evening the East India sale may be stated to have continued to advance gradually from its commencement, and prices will now bring the average of ss. per lb. higher than the last. Manufacturers consider ' the prices fully established, and are preparing to lay in their ordinary stock. FRUIT. —By public sale on Wednesday 1,244 boxes 1,012 half and 350 qr.-boxes and 982 cartoons new Muscatel! Raisins were offered, part only of which were sold, the boxes at 1051. a 110 s., half-bxs. 115 s gr•do. 120 a. a 1225., and cartoons 130 s, ; also 94 boxes new Bloom Raisins at 88s., and 108 1 , 1-k 150 cases and $ 96 boxes Cape Raisins at 275. a 42 5 . accor di ng to quil liti r ; dama;ed 255. a 295. Of new Val en ti a Raisins the st continue to be arrivals, and they are taken off steadily o 48s. Of new Patras Currants also there are twb carg' arrived, the price named for which is 82s. for butts, 84s. for caroteels, at which a few have been sold. COTTON.-The Market remains in a very laOll llP stite ; the purchases by private contract are i n consida; ble. By private con t rac t 300 S urats, or d. to mid' 6,0 a 64d. ; 16 Madras, fair Sad. ; and by public sale '4,1 day 300 Para all taken in at 10d., and 173 Stags I, at 61,1., the latter about id. lower. rd. SPICHS.-The sal es o f Pi men t o are at higher; e 065 4 8 d. a 43d. ; mid. 4id. a 41,1. On Tuesday % i d bags Pepper w e nt o ff id. to id. low e r ; half heavy'a 4 d. ; good heavy, qd. a 41 3 -d. This day's pfd sales 103 bags Pimento sold at previous prices, 417 to 4d. ; and 879 ba gs M a l a b ar P epper, or d . to s h o t 51 0 ; the former taken in, the latter sold. The 111 is heavy at the reduction we have stated. PRICE OF SUGAR. .ditei The Average Price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, Ca n it .4 from the Returns made in th e wee k en di ng the 15th u t bi Oct., 1833, is 325. Od. per" Hundred Weight, exclusive ~S Duties of Customs paid or payable thereon on the Inipo thereof into Great Britain. i PRICES OF HOPS.—Oct. 23. New Kent Pockets (per cwt.) .... 51 ss. 61. 12s. to 71. of, . Choice East 7/. Os. 0/. Os. to S!• Choice r0www.ww...........nwPwr0. 9/. Os. 01. Os. to 101. to ice- 8y New Sussex 5/. es. 01. Os. to 6 1 . I o.* Superfine Ditto 61. 10s. 0/. Os. to . 1 0 , Farnham lls. 0/. Os. to 121. Ditto (seconds)... 101 Os • 01 to 111 • The Hop Duty is estimated at 155,0004 Rape Oil, Linseed brown lit —..... PRIOR OF OIL. 0 4361. Refined .s.- 21 11 t Linseed Oil Cake at the Mill, per thousand nape Cake, per ton PRICE OF POTATOES.—Oct. 25. ss. to Si. 15s. per ton. Os. to 41. 10s. ditto. —O/. Os, to 2/. ss. ditto. .-3/. 103. to 41. Os. ditto. —O/. Os. to 21. Os. ditto._ ... " WH I TECHAPEL HAY, MARKET.—Oct 25. i, Hay 603.0 d. to 90a. Od. I Clover.— 71k. Od. to 100 1 . 263, Od. to 30i. Oct. Marsh Champions Middling Scotch Reds Chats LEATHER, - Per lb. d. toy English Horse Hides.. 1 4 0 Spanish Ditto 16 Per dozen. ,4 Calf Skins.. 30 to 4(lb. 9 1 , Ditto 40 to 601 b. P Ditto 70 to 901 b. Small Seals, Greenland 16 )< Large ditto. PRICES O Per lb. d. to d. 3utte, English 15 25 Ditto, 14 21 Dressing Hides 12 15 Ditto l4 17 Ditto, light ....—... Crop Hides, light...—. 12 14 Ditt0............40 to 501 b. 13 18 Ditto _ 14 20 SHEEP SKINS. 0 1 Polled Lambs 3s. Od. to 4s. 6d. I Polled Skins ss. Od. to ;"4 Down Lambs 2 6 4 0 1 Downs 3 0 q 4s. Cd. to 55. 6d. RICE OF RAW FAT, per stone of 81b. d. Price of Tallow (as stated by the Tallow Melters).--25.:' 17 SOAP, &c. per 1121 b. 011., Yellow Mottled 7 ‘ 4'o 4, White '72A. ok Graves !tot" Good Dregs PRICE OF TALLOV Gown Tallow 483. Od. Yellow Russia, —.4Bs. Od. White —B. Od. Soap Ditto —s. Od. (Welted Stuff . .375. Od. Ditto Rough, Qts. Od. PRICE OF CANDLES, The price of Store Candles, in the retail shops, is as follow/1.0 Candles, per doz. 7s. Od. to Bs. Od. I Moulds, per dozen....—t.., KET.—Oct. 25. ti• Per Ton. Walls End ',/ 0 Walls End H0t5pur,........ . 4 0 Walls End Killingworth l T 6 Walls End Newmarch..... Ditto Northumberland.. ;$ Walls End Riddell's 9 Lambton's Primrose ' Cowpen Hartley 0 0 Liangennech Pemberton " ;e last market-day, 4. COAL MAR: Per TOrl. S. d. 8eaum0nt........... w 15 0 Chester Main eove• 15 0 Hebburn Main 17 0 16 0 Pontop Windsor 15 0 Canfield—. l6 6 lownley l5 0 West Hartley 16 6 Walls End Bewicke & Co. IS 9 W.E. Clarke and C 0....—. 16 0 Walls End Heaton . 18 3 Ships arrived sines gEIG COUNTRY CORN MARKETS DURING THE Wj'' Per Quarter. Wheat. I Barley. I Oats. 4„ Ashhurn......w 52 56 36 40 20 25 42 61, Basingstoke 48 58 25 30 19 24 3. 40 Bath 46 58 26 33 21 26 36 48 Bridgewater j 53 60 26 28 -- ge 48 56 28 32 16 20 .1, 46 Chesterfield 46 56 30 40 20 25 44 44 Derby . 52 56 34 36 22 24 4 ,2 46 Doncaster 48 60 30 38 16 25 51 54 29 23 Exeter_____.. 54 58 26 28 17 20 41 Gloucester—.......,, 46 58 28 34 16 24 Hungerford 46 56 22 30 16 22 ,a 4. 7 Leicester. 35 58 26 31 17 30 32 llomsey 56 62 26 30 17 23 33 4 1 Shaftesbury 54 25 17 41 Shepton Mallet ... 44 56 26 30 18 24 34 48 Sherborne.......,—. 50 56 24 30 20 26 36 34 48 50 24 28 21 23 32 54 . Yarmouth 48 54 27 32 22 25 32 40 Yeovil 5O 4, 22 28 18 24 34 Per Bushel. s. d. s. ds.d.B.d.s.d.s. d. s. d. 0 Shrewsbury 70 831 40 50 40 48,0 0 c HULL —s . A 5 l 4 A s R 5 6 K c E T. — N O :w t . . _.. 46 3. —s. 50 s. Ms. In bond... —B,-9. ••••°: —s. 18s. 22g. Old ........ . —37 l—s. •••••:„ 'd.... —s. las 20s —s. •••8..."'"' —s. les. 18s ...-S. S. "" 6 ,,,,,‘ f.... —s. 00s. 00s. Lin c . & Wold —s. 00s y r; --S. --,. -- . ...... —s. 365. 38s. Foreign —B. 00s. —s. 40s. 445. Grey —s. 325. '." . ...... ...... „,., ay. —s. 00s. 00s. Foreign —s • VuL, 0 , ,none. Wheat, Old - Foreign Oats, Poland - Small or Fee, - Foreign Ilarley, Norf. & Sui - Foreign Beans Pease, White..." Tares Rapeseed, in bone! DEVIZES CORN MARKET —Oct. 24. d. Per Sack. s. d. s. d. P er Q uarter. s. a • s• o ao Best Wheat 29 oto ',31 0 Barley 25 oto 0 Second 25 0 26 6 Oats lB 0 ", ° Thirds 2O 0 22 0 Beans (per sack) 18 0 0 1823 Sacks of Wheat sold} 25 9 Fl our ( per b ag).. 40 0 " 0 0 at the average of Bread (per gall). 1 2 MEETINGS OF CREDITORS AT THE COURT, BASINGHALL-STREET' (From the London Gazette.) fl , ON MONDAY, Oct. 28. &I I at 1l H. Smethurst, hatter, George- s t reet , G reat Surrey-street , W. Hort, tailor, Duke• street, Grosvenor-square 1 19 G. Watkins, jun., builder, Millman-street, Chelsea .....• 1 _.,e BIRTHS. j , of On the 16th inst., at Ruabon, D en bi g h s hi re, the la"' Captain Clopton Wingfield, of a son. On the 23d inst., Mrs. Webster Flockton, of a son. o fS On the 21st inst., the lady of Robert Hawthorn, Esq. , daughter. On the 24th inst., the lady o f Ch ar l es T o il er, Esq., o f IVt' nard.street, Russell.square, of a son. On the 24th inst., at Fortess.terrace, Kentish.town, the lsd of Mr. Jonah Smith Wells, of a daughter. MARRIED. de ( On the24th inst., at St. M ary ' s, L am b et h , Mr. Ale%3-01 Dixon, of Buxton place, L am b e th , to M ar i a M argaret, yn ° daughter of Mr. Robert Haslop, West square. 0 06 1 , On the 24th inst., at St. L u k e ' s, Chelsea, Mr. Henri - of Hackney, to Elizabeth Isabella, eldest daughter of Jonathan Scollick, of Chelsea. On the 24th inst., Willi am M um f or d , Esq., surgeon, cf i t sle e wich, Suffolk, to Louisa, eldest surviving daughter of the Samuel George Evans, Esq., of the Hon. East India ConlP iP Medical service, Bengal. On the 23d inst., at St. Mark's Church, Kennington, o f Rolling, of London, to Harriett, only daughter of An' Frankland, Esq., of Camberwell, Surrey. to On the 22d inst., at Clifton, Captain T. de la Condamin e ' Janet Mary, daughter of the late William Agnew, Esq. ,01 4 On the inst, John Romilly, E sq ., t o C aro li n e, s'" daughter of the Rev. William Otter. _ 4 O On the 23th Sept., at Naples, G. W . M y l ne, Esq., adVvv to Jean Sophia, daughter of the late George Barker, V 4 ' Birmingham. DIED, 1" 1 1 On the 24th inst., a t Ch eltenham, the Rev. Stephen 0 , a Mnister of St, Mary's Chapel, Lambeth, and late Fell ° Emmanuel College, Cambridge. re lift On the 25th inst., in Jewry-street, Aldgate, Harriott , of Mr. Thomas Buzzard, in her 57th year. On the 24th inst., at Brighton, in his 71st year, Smart, Esq., of Highbory-place, and o Mlk-stret. ~,„000 ' On the 20th inst., in her 69th year, f at i Colne, e Mrs. the widow of the late John Bolton, Esq., of that place. On the 18th inst., in her 32d year, Sarah, the wife of 0 ' Pite, Old Brompton. r 51j4 On the 15th inst., Mrs. M u i r , re li c t o f J o h n Mu i r, Writ e town lk of Grenock. On t cer he 16th inst., at Port Dundas, Glasgow, Alex. " Esq. On the 18th inst., at Ibroxhill, John M c Call, Esq. ode' On the 15th inst., at Penlanole, Radnorshire, aged 39, wife of the Rev. W. Thomas. On the 14th inst., at Te ignmouth, Devonshire, G. cas4reru Esq., of Trevallyn Hall, Denbigh, aged 80. n 9 4 ' On the 15th inst., at A nn fi e ld, D a l ser f, W. Hamilt°- ' of Annfield, aged 86. 5.44•' On the 19th inst., at Malabbay, Irongray, J. Hanna'' , aged 84. Airea On the 15th inst., at Dumfries, Mrs. Isabella BurgM' " 52, spouse of the late Mr. D. Ralton, manufacturer. 1%0 4 ' On the 29th July, at Markbroom, near Canandaigu a ' ovat e Henrietta M`Connell, wife of John APConnell, Esq., 3 formerly of Wigtown. of lAr i On the 16th inst., at Mollance, Robert Gordon, EsqP,ol ° ganglee, for many years Procurato r Fi sca l o f the Ste w/- Kirkcudbright. Ap pel On the 20th inst., at Patshull, Staffbrdshire, Mary wife of Sir G. Pigot, Bart. / 0 PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY MURD 0 YOUN'; SUN Onno, 112, SVIANPI Coli ?1 Fr 1. .4 Sa 41 , du Ever the : 4 d by IL% 1 (~T " Thy e I,, ve s..4 thez (I r Pll l IC ' ;I Y r j 4, 10 t K: C (~t I 'l e. 4 in , w e - I,h tti iti4l ion 1134e4r1 ,r