The Sun. — London, England, 1863-11-11 00:00:00

TIM SON. LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, NOVEVBER 11, 1863, ROYAL COVENT- GARDEN . ENGLIS H OPER:A, Under the Management of Miss Louisa Pyne and Mr. W. Harrison. THIS EVENING, Airllice's Romantic Opera, TI LE DES ti;RT FLOWER c Miss Louisa Pyne, Miss Susan Pyr to • Messrs. W. H. Weiss, H. Corn A. Cook, and W. Harris; jn Conductor. Mr. A- M ellon. —Doors open at half-past Sev, en: tommence at Eight. - HEATRE ROYAL DRURY- I,ANE„ - T Manag ers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F.B. Chattertcf i. THIS EVENING - theterformances will commence witi l an h‘.oxenford, Esq., entitled BEAUTY OR THE BEA. ST. Y'rirnr-ceipal chaiacters by Messrs. Addison, G. F. Nevill e , t, Spencer, and G. Weston; Mrs Edmund Falconer and Miss 11. Leclerq. A.f ter which, Lord Byron's Choral Tragedy, MANFR I Istes , r s, t helps, Ryder, Rayner, M-agreson, Ward, Spen.: er ; miss Heath, Miss E. Atkinson, Miss Leclercii, and 31rsi E. Falconer. Vocalists—Miss Poole, Miss flitter, Miss Cie ely 'Nutt, Miss Heywood, and Mr. Swift. To conclude with a New and Orininal Farce, by s srs. -vv- Rrott'fb and A. Halliday, entitled MY :1 PA RT'S IN T LIE HIGHLANDS : characters by Mr. Ne , 7i Ile. Mr. G. Weston, Mr. Wards, Mr. J. Mauls ; Mrs. C. Melville, and Miss tiartleur. THEATRE ROYAL HAY \1 A RKET . .- Sole Lessee and Manag - er, Mr, huckstone. THIS EVENING (3d time), LITTLE DAISY. After which, at half-past 7 (4th time), A BULL I 7 A CHINA 8110 P. Messrs. Charles Mathews, Compton, Clark, Rogers, and Gordon ; Mesdames Lindley, Wright, Pitz wil dam, Hill, &c. Followed by THE GOLDEN FLEECE. Messrs. Chal , •les Mathews, Compton,Weathersby, ; Mesdames C. Mathe ws, L , Keeley. Griffith, &c. And XY HUSBAND'S GHOST. Commence at 7. - ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. At Under the Sole Management of Mr. Fechter. DEMONIO (a Triumphant Success) will be repeated Every Evening until further notice. T}I . IS EVENING, to commence with a Comedic tta , 1w W. Gilbert, Esq., entitled UNCLE BABY Mess's. J. G. Shore, Widdicombe, Charles, Miss P. Lezlercq, and Carbotta Leclereq. After which, at a Quarter-past Eight, BEL DEMON ID, a Love Story, in Twelve Tableaux, taken from Stendhal's "Italian Chronicle ~" by John Brougham. Principal cha.rac ter by Mr. Fechter, supported by Messrs. Jordan, Charles, Brougham, Emery, Raymond, 3foreland, Smith, Clifford, Collett, Andrews, Sims ; Miss Kate Terry, LATCLItte, 15,1rn. Lee, and Miss Elsworthy. - DEL DEMONIO; a LOVE STORY, in Twelve _I) Tableaux. NEW THEATRE -BO YAL, ADELP HI Sole Proprietor and Monacan. Mr. R. Webster. THIS EVENING, at 7, THE TRAGEDY QUEEN: Mrs. g. kt 8, the New Drama of LEAH Philli : Miss Bateman, supported b y M os srs.Arthur Stirlinz, R.Phillips Billinz ton, Stuart A Wood, Eburne, Miss H. Simms and Mrs. To conclude with CATCHING AN HEIRESS : Mi ss Wool gar a nd Mr. A. Wood. ISS BATEM AN.—LE A R.--The triumphqnt nd enthusiastic success of the great tragic artiste, on her first appearance in the character of 31E ,M i l l s A g BBARiTnl;tltneAnerw' five act Drama of that title, having been n•—htl re peated, and even exceeded duri ng t h e last four weeks, am idst the applause and tears of crow d ed audiences, l a c n e a tne profound impression created upon all wh o h ave wit nessed the touchinv, impersonation by Miss Bateman of the heat -broken Jewish maiden, being confirmed by the unani mous verdict and critical approval of the entire press, the m a nager of the NEW ADEL PIII THEATRE has the honour to announce that Miss BATEMAN will appear in the New Drama of LEA EI EVERY EVENING till f urther notice • and in order to meet, as far as pos s ibl e, the increasing' demand for s in g talls, has added two more rows to those previously exist. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Manager, Mr. W. H. Swanborough. THIS EVENING, WHERE'S YOUR WIFE. Miss Simpson. After which, MIRIAM'S CRIME. Messrs. G. Honey, Parselle, Belford, Turner, 31Iss K.Saville, and Miss Manders. To conclude with FAINT HEART NEVER WON /AIR LADY. Mr. Leigh Murray. Commence at 7. THE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," Containinz the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, :an be had Every Evening of G. R. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, lh. 42m.—Afternoon, 2h. 2m. To-voßßow.-Morning, 2h. 44m.—Afternoon. 2h. 40m. The Weather—Sim Office, Nov. 11, 1863, THERMOMETER. This day at Two o'clock Barometer-29.35. Wind—North-West; moderate, and cloudy. y eljg 4 3 : ; u LONDON, WEDNESDAY, NOV. 11, 1863 As we are going to press we receive by the sub marine telegraph the text of the autograph letter addressed by the Emperor NAPOLEON 111. to the Sovereigns of Europe. It is far finer, even, because yet more forcibly outspoken, than his remarkable address the other day when inaugurating the new session of the Legislature. It is conceived in a noble spirit throughout. Bead it—and answer if it be not! Look boldly and honestly at the words writ ten down thus by the hand of this powerful ruler, who, when already EMPEROR, deigned not to speak of himself, several years back, otherwise than as a parvenu among the Sovereigns. It is true that there is a tone so ominous as to be almost sinister, in the bold allusions thrown out in the earier past of this letter, as they had been more vaguely already thrown out, the other after noon in his speech, in reference to dangers of a most serious kind now impending imminently over Christendom. But they are ominans, from the force of circumstances. What is sinister in them comes from the momentous peculiarities of the situation. NAPOLEON 111. is plain enough, in all conscience, it must be allowed in what he says, as to the situation, as to this crisis or juncture at which we have arrived. "We are threatened," he says to his cousins, the Sovereigns, quite frankly "We are threatened with a danger, so much the more formidable because the improvements effected by civilisation which have bound the peoples toge ther by an identity of material interests traup render a war still more destructive. Let us not w suade a n it,befo r e' d taking our p ar t, f or [ mar k th i s !) inagrten“tna irresistible events to disturb our contrary dit'cl draw us, d esp it e ourse l ves, into a i n a , ythin :tion." Who shall say that there is —with p oltt :! all this any exaggeration ? and for the qstruggling now, f o r th e lif e under the y e t death ' Thor in the b ru t a l grasp an d with Italy standing,prt o during b years, (and still !) u these last f ew her he ar t uri t l e alert, arme d cap other changes than thos i e n g within her for have already been effected in the Rom" p Wh i c h danger is imminent, who shall de That the Borne years It has been Past —ever increasingly imminent for aiway:fte began, since 1818, in fact—ever since th e now overt, now latent, (a strife he more deadly when thus intermitted and s uanre s tween the revolutionary party end the re a : t e i a ou ) i i : e : Returning to the EMPEROR S letter, howev i e ; after the solemn warnings addressed to himself, ee ' , might say, not less than to the other Sovereigns Furore--how do we find NAPOLEON expressing himself upon what is in truth the real subje c t. matter of this extraordinary and most exceptional communication ? We find the French EMPEROR opening up his thoughts'with a manly simplicity of frankness that has about it a majesty far beyond the ordinary circumlocution of diplomatic corres- pon( lencn "Cal:cd to the throne"—Mr. KINGLATi. (and, with him, h oc genus omne ) must gr i n d his teeth E on reading this and just simply read on—" Called to the throne by Providence, and the will of the French people, bat trained in the school of j adversity, it is perhaps less allowable for me than for any other to ignore the rights of Sovereigns and the legiti Mate aspirati ons o f peop l es. Thus, I um ready, without a preconceived system, to enter an International Congress with the spirit of modera tion and justice, ordinarily the portion of those who have endured so there is a di many various t r i a l s ." Th at gnity and , so to speak, oven a pathos in the words we have italicised in this last extract, e conceive it would be difficult indeed not to says—if it would i t he remarks, however, recognise. Continuin g h a ve been here mom entaril which y int errupted, th e F3trazoll be possible for words ea , moment to apply such a phrase to any fail i ng from the i mpassive li ps of this reputed sphinx—ingenuously "If I take initiative in this overture I do not yield to an 1 an imptifse of vanity, but [here, at any rate, is plain speaking againUbecause lam a sovereign the most credited with ambitious projects, and I have it at heart to prove by a frank and loyal step that my ‘ole object is to arrive without a shock at the paci fication of Europe." The last paragraph of the telegram containing the text of the EMPEROR'S letter offers to the acceptance of the Sovereigns, the French capital as the place of rendezvous. And the EMPEROR does this, it must bo allowed, with incomparable cleverness. Having remarked with a gracions air of courtesy, " If this proposition be accepted, I Dray you to accept Paris as the place of meeting," N APOLEON a dd s , b y wa y of explaining his reason for naming, Paris as the place of ren devous, "Europe would perhaps see some advan tage in the capital, whence the signal for overthrow has so many times issued, becoming the seat of conferences destined to lay the basis of a general pacification." While the telegraphic wires have been thrilling under the waters of the Channel these words of weightiest import, the Cabinet Coun“ cil has been sitting to decide as to the answer whi c h shall be returned to the French EMPEROR in the name of the Sovereign of ENGLAND. And the decision to be arrived at by the deliberations of the Cabinet is one indeed of a most momentous with ea g most er e p ec so t l a c ti mLresp we o c n a s n i : bilities. character, one frau i g t h i t n Waiting not but count with implicit confidence upon the full appreciation of those responsibilities by the patriotic statesmen to whose care has been confided, in the interests of th e E ngl i sh Crown and of the English people, th e open i ng or the shutting of the gates of the Temple of JANUS. e services rendered by geographical discoverers are too often accomplished at no small cost. We are very ready to think that the glory of discovery, the triumph of success, the reputation which a for tunate explorer acquires among his fellows, are ample compensation for the toils, the hardships, and the dangers of the task. There is no doubt that as it is an enterprise undertaken almost more than any other in obedience to a strong natural bent, so the searcher is willing and ready to pass over a great deal that less eager travellers might angrily resent, or at least complain of very seriously. Still there are wants to be felt and perils to be encountered, which, however bravely borne, must occasion suffer ing and distress, which we who reap the benefit of the knowledge thus hardly acquired should not lightly estimate. The direction in which the atten tion of our geographers is now chiefly turned is one replete with difficulty and danger; but although we have to lament the untimely demise of many valuable followers of science, yet the advantages of carrying the blessings of civilisation into the heart of a vast continent and the nations now sunk in the depths of barbarism are great enough to soften the inevitable regret and to sustain the energies of the survivors. It is now some years since Dr. LIVING STONE, in his double capacity of discoverer and missionary, drew public attention to the vast capacities of the interior of the southern part of the country. Since then Captains BURTON and SPEKE, Consul PETIIERICK, and others, have been largely extending their researches, bringing the most hope ful accounts of the possible future of the land, if but dark and doubtful representations of the now existing inhabitants. M. Du CIIAILLU, of gorilla celebrity, has assisted to popularise the subject, until Central and Southern Africa, thanks to one and another, are no longer words of mysterious and unknown import. The value of these researches w ill be more apparent in a few years' time than at present, since we may reasonably hope that the cultivation of the cotton plant will work a rapid change in the fortunes and habits of the natives. The demand for labour, the peaceable and profitable employment, will be mighty agencies in the work of reform and civilisation. That some refining in fluences are sadly needed among the African abo rigines has been abundantly proved by the revela tions of those hardy and adventurous travellers who have penetrated beyond the accustomed limits. In the very interesting address delivered by Sir It. MunumsoN to the members of the Royal Geogra phical Society, the savage and inhospitable nature of these central tribes was spoken of. The Baron vox DECKEN, a Hanoverian nobleman, who has displayed the most liberal and intelligent interest in the cause of geographical discovery, encountered very serious obstacles in his efforts to pursue his course. This nobleman, who has fitted out a whole scientific expedition at his own cost, has recently explored the highest mountain yet known to us in Eastern Africa, This mountain had been pre viously declared by a German missionary to be capped with snow, but his assertion was received by many persons, among whom the President, with the simplicity of real knowledge, modestly included himself. It seems, however, that the missionary was quite correct in his statement, which Baron VON DECKEN has verified by two ascents, one reaching to an altitude of 14,000 feet above the level of the sea. This enterprising tra veller further ascertained by trigonometrical mea surement that the summit of the mountain was over 20,000 feet in height, and that its snow line de scended below 16,000 feet—thus, in the words of Sir RODERICK MURCIIISON, " sstisfactorily esta blishing a grand and new phenomena in the physi cal geography of Africa." The Baron, like other enthusiastic followers of science, is willing to incur real danger in pursuit of his object, and endea voured, though vainly, to reach the spot where Rosman had been murdered, with the hope of obtaining the papers of that intrepid traveller. He was unfortunately obliged to relinquish this design from the hostility of the Arab traders and the de sertion of his porters. This latter misfortune is one to which all African exp orers are liable, and every reader of their narratives must remember how often their porters threaten to proceed no further, and how sometimes they fulfil the threat to the great loss, inconvenience, and danger of their em ployee. Although forced to abandon his first Project, however, the Baron's journey yet bore valuable fruit, foe the specimens of the rock which with the raised h b e ee b :°Z; i l:t with him show the mighty peak to have DEes: Ex of Kilirea:7„. Kenia, whi ch ag grupher, h as 200 miles north by volcanic action ; and not content Iliesormation already acquired, Baron VON P oh :o t p h o e ses to explore Kenia, the rival mountain already ascended. been " yet been reached by any geo- Placed on the line of the equator of Kilies„ jaro. T he Baron has now come to E 1 Rratifyiu quip for this second ex -again(' to , .find that so enter- Dedition, and it is prising. and liberal a traveller to .receive every ssistance from our authorities will .tiutitb is to be hoped which unfortu f t l' hat hi s ne w undertaking so F i st ful an adventure us his 10,9 t, Nvii e dened by was the occasion of the untie:lbis' death of a geologist, !Ur. RICHAR D T nately gifted young uoßreroN ss ho lost his life on the Zambesi. The B aron. him. : self had to encounter great perils; in one Spot outs pacifying a hostile chief by consenti ng to dri nk blood with him. This raminds one of the incid ent in the reign of Terror, when Mademoiselle d, SOMBREINT was forced to quaff the same deadly draught to the toast of "A bas les aristocrats l' The naturalist will learn some new and curious facts from the Baron's account of his travels—among them the existence of an insect so venomous as to destroy goats and asses in a day or two. In com memoration of the serviees which he has rendered to the cause of science, the Hanoverian explorer was on Monday ranked among the honorary members of the Royal Geographical Society. Such incidents prove the advantages of such a so c i e t y wh i ch is able promptly to acknowledge the public debt and to pay homage to enterprise and intelligence when exerted for great ends of lasting benefit to the community. As was anticipated, the KING opened the Prussian Chambers in person. This was so fer satisfactory, as it evinces a determination on his part to come more prominently forward than he has recently done. Nothing can be more deleterious than for the SOVEREIGN to hold back, and keep aloof, as it were, from all important questions, and leave the discussion and arrangement of affairs to the Ministers. This monopoly of power is al ways in jurious to the interests of a State, and in the case of Prussia has proved singularly adverse to the wel fare of the nation. Apart from the fact of its having been delivered in propria persona, this address of King WlLLisers is anything but a promising one. It holds out no hopes of anything approaching to a readjustment of the difficulties which last year pre sented themselves so constantly at the debates in the Chamber. Instead of a conciliatory tone being adopted, it would appear that the Royal Address intimates a determination to continue the same course, and to pursue the same line of policy as that which has aroused the indignant remonstrances of the great body of the people, and called forth the sympathetic sorrow of the nations of Europe. It seems in some way a mockery for such a message to commence by expressing a wish that the diffe rences between the Government and the Chamber may terminate. It is of no avail to utter these pla titudes when all experience testifies to the contrary. How can differences cease when the cause of disa greement remains unchanged, and there seems no desire to alter any of the vexatious proposals that have so irritated and annoyed the deputies, and also the people in general. In the first place, some most extraordinary measure is proposed in re ference to the Budget. Taking for granted that this will not be settled, there is to be some sort of indemnity provided for the Government, which will most likely cancel the effect of anything advised by the Chamber. At all events these words seem pretty significant in their way, " that without endangering the most important interests, the KING can only assent to such a budget as shall ensure the maintenance of the new organisation of the army." It is a novel mode of carrying out the tenets of a free constitution, and a strange manner of addressing an independent assembly, to base all arguments on the premises that the KING has settled beforehand what is and what is not to become law, or to point a course of action from which there shall be no departure. It would be more in unison with the dictates of common sense if all attempt as a re presentative assembly was abandoned, and a regular form of arbitrary Government was substituted. The people of Prussia will not allow themselves to be hoodwinked into the belief that time had worked wonders for them, and that the wise and beneficent rule of this Sovereign has created peace and pro sperity for the land. How can the prevailing sen timent be other than that of disappointment, when such a failure is exhibited to the world as this attempt to solve an irritating point of discussio❑ between the Ministers and the representatives of the people. Foreign affairs do not seem to be any better than home ones in the manner in which they are discussed in this speech. The allusions to Federal execution i❑ Holstein are most unsatisfactory, and demonstrate a reckless persist ence in the harsh and arbitrary measures that have already drawn down so much disapproval. Esti mates are to be laid before the Chamber, in case the application of " extraordinary means " from Prus sia are rendered necessary. This looks very much like a predetermined plan and a concerted arrange ment in high quarters, and the supposition is put in to give grace to the affair, and make it appear a little more honest and honourable. The conclusion of this address is fine in its language, but the inter pretation that is sought to be put on the expressions is not a fair one. First of all, the deputies are in formed that "They live in an agitated time," and also that a yet more disturbed future may await them. This is true enongl:, but that is not their fault, nor that of their predecessors either. It was the entire doing of the Ministers that the fracas arose, which has cost so much in reputation, pro sperity, and good-will in Prussia. The concluding words of advice are most ill-timed. The deputies are urged to come to an understanding on home questions, the more readily because of foreign mis understandings. This might have come very well from a monarch whose aim and object has hitherto been to maintain inviolate the principles of the Constitution, and to uphold with might and main the existence of those measures which guarantee the rights and liberties of the subject. As unhappily it is too well known that the present ruler of Prussia has listened to the counsels and sanctioned the decrees of those whose purpose has been to uproot established customs, and remodel, or rather destroy, the plans which have seemed to secure the best advantages to the people,it is merely a waste of time to appeal to the patriotic or chi valric sentiments which are wont to animate men in moments of great national peril. There is no common point round which divers interests may assemble in Prussia at this moment. That vantage ground has been abandoned by the Ministers, and they cannot now return to it. They mast play out their difficult part without such false supports, and stand or fall upon their own merits. It is much to be regretted that things should have come to such a pass, but it is almost as much to be deprecated that a false impression should be given to affairs of moment, and that those who have chosen to assume a false position should deny the issue they have provoked,and refuse their share of the responsibility. If the Deputies are men of sense, spirit, and dis cernment, they will not brook this false position in which they are placed ; they will refute the im putation put upon them, and deny the aspersions cast on their disinterestedness. It is theirs to do their duty to the country whose welfare is at stake, and to defend the interests of the people who sent them to be representatives of their rights, and, if need be, the champion of their liberties and the vindicators of their privileges. The glory of such a success will be all their own, and, at any rate, no confusion that arises can be laid to their charge, but the grave responsibility will devolve o❑ those who first made the attempt to change the existing state of things, and thus provoked a struggle whose commencement has been a source of great disturbance, and whose conclusion may so alter the aspect of affairs that this generation may not witness its ultimate effects. TELEGRAPHIC FEAT.—The Emperor's speech on the opening of the Session consisted of 2,044 word!. The transmission by telegraph from the central station in Paris commenced as soon as it was ascertained that the rea ding had been completed, which was at about half-past 1.. The average time occupied in the transmission to the principal The of Prance and Europe was an hour and a quarter,. capitals for which the longest time was re quired from a want of direct c omr.unication were Rome, St. Petersburgkthens, and Lisbon. The speech was everYwhere before the evening, and nevertheless received the journals of the whole of Eu rope lowing morning, the same as those of Parissaa/ignani, produced it on the fol- LATEST INTELLIGENCE. [REUTER'S TELEGRAM.] FRANCE. THE EMPEROR'S LETTER TO TIIE SOVEREIGNS. PARIS, Nov. 11. The letter of the Emperor of the French to the Sovereigns, inviting them to a Congress at Paris, has been published to-day. It points out, that from the political condition of Europe, it is impossible not to acknowledge that nearly everywhere the treaties of Vienna have been destroyed, modified, or misunderstood. The Em peror continues as follows: " We are threatened with a danger, so much the more formidable because the improvements effected by civilisation which has bound the peoples toge ther by an identity of material interests would render a war still more destructive. Let us not wait before taking our part for sudden and irresistible events to disturb our judgment and draw us, despite ourselves, into a contrary direction. " Called to the throne by Providence, and the will of the French people, but trained in the school of adversity, it is perhaps less allowable for me than any other to ignore the rights of Sovereigns and the legitimate aspirations of peoples. Thus I am ready without a preconceived system to enter an International Congress with the spirit of moderation and justice, ordinarily the portion of those who have endured so many various trials. " If I take the initiative in this overture I do not yield to an impulse of vanity, but because I am a sovereign the most credited with ambitious pro , jects, and I have it at heart to prove by a frank and loyal step that my sole object is to arrive with. out a shock at the pacification of Europe. "If this proposition be accepted, I pray you to accept Paris as the place of meeting. Europe would perhaps see some advantage in the capital, whence the signal f or overthrow has so many ti mes issued, becoming the seat of conferences destined to lay the basis of a general pacification. BOURSE, Nov. 10.—The market has been rather firmer, and quotations show a slight improvement, but without any material chang e as to the amount of business. Threes are now at 67f. 10c. Railway Shares well maintained. The market closed as follows : Austrian ....... 4i per Cents. ...... 94 90 Italian L0an.,,,,, 72 50 Do. end month.., Do. end month.... 72 40 Do. Do. end end mmoonuttnh.... 3 per Cents ...... 66 95 New ditto ........ 72 30 05 Do. end menth•••• ''"'• Credit Mobilier.... 1077 50 Russian ........ :108 6 0 7 Bank Shares ...... 3400 Spanish Threes.•.. Credit Foncier ....1265 Home Debt ...... 75 Roman .......... 77 75 •Deferred ........ ItAILWAYS. Orleans Northern New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean New. ditto Geneva Southern ........ Western Eastern ........... e~• Sardinian Austrian Lombard North of Spain Saragossa Ditto to Barcelona Cash. Account. 972 60 .. 975 980 .. 980 - •• 948 75 .. 950 - 905 - - _ .. - - 498 75 •• - - 688 75 .. 692 50 512 50 .. 517 50 485 - .. 483 75 410 - .. 412 50 405 - .. 407 50 535 - .. 533 75 536 25 .. 536 25 615 - .. 620 - 327 50 .. 332 50 THE POLISH INSURRECTION. ST. PETERSBURG, Nov. 11. The Invalide Russe publishes an article relating to the general recruitment which is to take place in the Russian provinces between the 13th Nov. and the 31st December. The Invalide says that this recruitment is the first since the Crimean war. The system of drawing by lot formerly employed being now objected to, the Government has now left the communes the choice of four methods, based upon age, drawing by lot, selection by the authorities of the commune, and the engagement of substitutes paid by the communes. The standard of height having been lowered, the Invalide hopes that this measure will considerably augment the number of men fit for military service. The Northern Bee feels no confidence in the ad dresses of loyalty sent into the Government, and the provisional suppression of the revolt in the Western provinces. It foresees that sooner or later the Poles will again take up arms. To anticipate this difficulty, the Bee recommends that the Poles should be compelled to entrust the education of their chil dren to Russian teachers ; that Polish should be forbidden in the schools ; that Russian libraries should be increased; that all officials of Polish descent should be dismissed from their posts; that parents should be compelled to bring up childre❑ born of mixed marriages in the orthodox Greek religion; that the Catholic churches and convents still existing in Podolia and Volhynia should be gradually suppressed ; that the statues of saints and the crosses erected at the sides of the public roads shall be taken away, to divide the popular element in the Ukraine and in White Russia from Polish influence ; and, lastly, that every possible means should be employed to undermine the still solid foundations of the Polish nationality and of the Catholic creed in the Western provinces. WARSAW, Nov. 6. The last extraordinary contribution imposed by Gen. Berg upon the population was fixed at 300,000 roubles. With the exception of 20,000 roubles, the whole of this tax has already been paid jams the Russian treasury. It is asserted that Gen. Berg intends to levy another extraordinary impost upon the whole population, not excepting servants, amounting also to 300,000 roubles, for the purpose of rebuilding the Hotel de Ville. The French paper La Patric has lately published a series of articles attacking. the Russian authorities of this city in violent terms. They are signed " Christian Ostrawski." It has been discovered that the writer is the brother of Count Thaddeus Os trawski, a French subject living i❑ Warsaw. The latter, it seems, furnished his brother with the ma- :crisis for the articles to which the Patrie has given the place of honour in its columns. Count Ostrawski has consequently received orders to quit Warsaw. Since the commencement of the insurrection the Prussian military authorities have confiscated 965 fire-arms, 670 sabres, 2,055 bayonets, 720 cwt. of powder, 3,310 cartridges, 500 cwt. of lead, 60,000 percussion caps. The Polish women, especially at the present mo ment, occupy the chief place in the revolutionary organisation. They fill various functions, above all, contribute to inducing young men to join the bands. Women undertake the charge of distributing the orders of the National Government over the pro vinces. An interesting letter has lately transpired, written by a well-informed Polish lady, from which it appears that the bombs thrown at General Berg were manufactured abroad, and that four men de voted themselves to carry out the attack. It is said that among the women arrested the day before yes terd ay were some 20 armed with daggers. The mother of a quiet and inoffensive youth studying at Warsaw University lately visited the capital for the express purpose of persuading the lad to join the insurgents in the field. The son obeyed. Ile was mortally wounded at the first engagement with the Russian troops, and has since died in the hos pital at Warsaw. Much has been said of the little confidence to be placed in Poles attached to Russians fulfilling im portant functions. It has just come to light that a secretary of the chief of the Warsaw gendarmes, named Trayanowski, with the secretary of the chief of the staff, and another Pole who filled the post o adjutant, transmitted all the intended movements o the military authorities to the revolutionary centra: committee. The guilty persons have been brought before court-martial. A third clandestine printing-office has been die. covered in Niccola-street, behind the palace of Bruhl, formerly the residence of the Marquis Wielopolski. CRACOW, Nov. 7 The Czas publishes the following from Polish Livonia :—" The intelligence received from all parts of Lithuania is excellent. The insurgent corps in Samogitia and in the districts of Lowno, Tooki, Wilkomir, and Jeziorsk, are preparing for the win ter campaign. Their main efforts are directed to procuring men, horses, and ammunition. " The Livonian insurgents, shut in upon all sides by the Muscovites, separated from Sauaagitia by a long distance, have no assistance and no reinforce ments to expect from any quarter. It is, there fore, more difficult for them than for others to operate in arms, as, in the event of a reverse, they would have nowhere to seek retreat. Far, however, from allowing ourselves to be discouraged, we shall fight energetically for the ❑ational cause, either in arms or by passive resistance, and by active propa ganda among the rural population." MEXICO, PARIS, Nov. Official despatches received here from Mexico announce that General Bazaine was preparing, with a column of the expeditionary corps, to march on the 20th October to attack Juarez' army, which was concentrated between Queretaro and the S.ln Juan river. PRUSSIA. BERLIN, Nov. 1 Letters received here from St. Petersburg, of the Bth, state that the Grand Duke Constantine and his consort, corning from Livadia, in the south, on their way abroad, will pass through Austria. PORTUGAL. SOUTHAMPTON, Tuesday Morning. The screw steamship Tartar, Captai❑ J. W. White, from Lisbon on the 4th inst., and Vigo the 6th, has arrived, on her way to London. During the voyage she has had strong easterly winds. The Tartar brings five passengers, a few bags of mails, £660 in specie, 10 live bullocks, 2,056 half chests of oranges, 976 bundles of cork, 41 boxes of plums, 115 cases of eggq, and sundries. The Tartar does not bring any political news of importance from Portugal. The Duke of Louie, Pre sident of the Council, had recovered from his recent illness, and resumed his attendances at the Depart ments for Foreign Affairs and Public Works. M. Braamcamp, Minister of the Interior, had taken charge of the portfolio of Justice during the temporary absence of M, Gaspar Pereira da Silva. Their Majesties and the Prince Royal of Portugal are represented in excellent health, and had ap peared frequently in public driving through the city of Lisbon. The exchange on London was quoted on the 4th inst. at 53 to 1-1- for three months. Portuguese stock, 491 to 50 ; and Bank of Portugal shares, 550 to 552. Application of Langiewicz to the Austrian Government. CRACOW, Thursday.— ftie ex-Dictator Langie wicz has addressed the following application to the Austrian Government from Josephstadt, his place of confinement : " When the Prussian Government, by its orders of the 17th September last, released me from obli gations as its subject, it recognised at the same time by that act that, notwithstanding the convention of the Bth of February, I have not incurred liability to punishment, either by the Prussian code or by the law of nations, through my participation in the rising, and also have no right to be handed over to Russia. The expression in the said order, for the purpose of your emigration to Switzerland,' shows that the Prussian Government believes it will in no degree violate international engagements with Russia by permitting my removal to Switzer land. I believe, therefore, that the Austrian Government also will not infringe international stipulations by permitting my immediate depar ture to Switzerland. At the sitting of the Lower House of the Reicbsrath upon June 23 the Police Minister said that' the Austrian Government could not issue passports to the insurgents, as it possessed no guarantee they would not return to the scene of action,' and also' persons requiring protection must submit to the conditions upon which such protection is afforded. This declaration can no longer apply to me, as the Prussian order of dismissal permits my departure for Switzerland. Besides English, French, Italian, Swiss, and Prussian subjects have been continually released from Austria without any security that they would not return to the scene of action. By its consent to my journey t) Switzer land the Prussian Government acknowledges that a neutral and even friendly State is not bound to require a guarantee that an insurgent permitted to visit Switzerland should not return to the theatre of war. If, therefore, the Austrian Government will not do me the favour of dismissing me to Swit zerland, I shall find myself compelled by the course adopted towards me in Austria to ask that I may be specially delivered up to the Russian authorities. Without discussing whether my crossing the fron tier upon the 19th March was in the hope of finding an asylum, or whether my imprisonment in a for tress is an asylum, and whether my repeated re quests for dismissal to Switzerland do not afford proof that I seek no asylum in this country, I trust I may be allowed to hope that the high Ministry will be graciously pleased either to assent to my departure for Switzerland, or to my being handed over to the Russian authorities." TIIE LIBERATOR'S LAST DAYS.—The death of that great man was attributed to various causes ; among others, to the effect which his imprisonment in 1814 had upon him, mentally and physically; and also to the influence which the disasters of his country produced upon a man of a highly impressionable nature, and • one who so thoroughly identified himself with its fortunes. Then there was the sudden break up which usually takes place in men of gigantic frame and prodigious strength of intellect and body, the moment the first symptoms of decay aro manifested. The consciousness of his having been worsted—even though temporarily—in his struggle with the Government of the day, mast have had a depressing effect upon the successful leader, who had so long and so justly boasted that he could " drive a coach and six through any Act of Parliament ;" but the deprivation of his health ful mountain exercise, enjoyed amidst the wild and romantic scenery of his native Iveragh, must also have told terribly on his health. O'Connell de lighted in the music of his dogs, as it echoed amid the hills, and he loved the grand roar of the Atlantic, as its waves broke in thunder upon the rocky headlands that girt his home of Dorrynane; and not all the flattering addresses which he received from every parish of Ireland, not all the sympathy which was felt from ono end of the country to the other for the imprisoned chief, could compensate him for those fresh breezes of the hill and the sea-shore, which made his blood dance ha his veins, and his heart feel young again. Then came the failure of 184-5, and the crushing of 1848, to say nothing of the struggles and contentions in which the Apostle of Moral Force was continuously en• gaged with the advocates of the Sword. With the sorrows and the misfortunes of his country, a man like O'Connell could not but sympath!se heart and soul ; and the contem plation of the ruin which no effort of his could either arrest or prevent, must have tended to bow his spirit and depress his v.ital energy. The grand old tree was struck by the lightning, and it fell with a crash to the earth, causing a shudder through the land.—llaguirc's " Lift of lather Mathew." TIIE NEW NILE EXPEDITION under Miani is about to be accomplished. The Austrian Govern ment has, it appears, directed its whole attention to the solution of the old mystery of the Caput NW, which it does not believe completely cleared up by Speke. Not only the ammunition and arms for which Miani has asked, but a considerable amount of money out of the coffers of the State have been promised to the new explorer, THE STATE OF NAPLES. " I do not suppose that this fact alone will suffice to decide the National Guard to declare itself against the actual Government; still it cannot fail to provoke partial defections. The irritation, already very lively, which it has excited, cannot but become more envenomed ; and opposition, silent and concealed to-day, finding itself echoed by public opinion, will end by taking alarming proportions, and the more so that the National Guard was the sole support, in a moral sense I mean, which the Government had here. Its material support was never much considered. " Moreover, the misunderstanding between the principal agents of the Government is manifest. The Prefect Affiitto complains of General La Mar mora, whom he wished to render responsible for the increase of brigandage, and accuses of wanting energy. It is a reproach, which the Piedmontese, and La Marmora in particular, scarcely deserve. On the other hand, the General in his turn nom- plains of Affiitto; but I believe, with rather more reason, that the bad management of the civil autho- cities is the true cause of the evil. The Director o ;he Police profits by this discordance to make him self as independent as possible, and to act towards the Legitimists with as much cruelty as want of 'oresight. No one can tell what may be the denouement of a state of affairs, which becomes from day to day more precarious, but every one is convinced that a all events the statu quo cannot last any length o, :me." UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE, OXFORD, Nov. 10. The name of George Edmund Walker, 11. A., of St. Edmund Hall, having by mistake, without any default on his part, and contrary to his wish, been removed from the books of his house, and conse quently from the register of Convocation, in a Con vocation to be holden on Friday, the 13th inst., at two o'clock, it will bo proposed that the name of the above-mentioned person be restored to the register of Convocation, and that he be allowed to enjoy any right and privilege to which he would otherwise have been entitled, provided he replace his name on the books of some college or hall, and discharge all academical dues incurred since hie name was removed. In the Convocation to ba holden on Friday next, tha 13th inst., at two o'clock, the names of the fol lowing gentlemen, who have been nominated to the office of Public Examiners for their respective schools, will be submitted to the house :--Public Examiners—W. F. Donkin, M.A., University, and C. L. *Dodgson, M.A., Christ Church, in Scientlis Mathematicis etPhysics ; G. Rolleston, D.M., Pem broke, in Scientia Naturali ; S. Owen, M.A., Christ Church, in Jurisprudentia et Historia Moderna. The Junior Proctor will receive the names of candidates for the first public examination, at Christ Church, on Saturday, November 14, from 1 till 2 o'clock ; on Monday, November 16, from 1 till 3 o'rlock. The Accident to the Royal Mail Steamship Africa. An inquiry was opened yesterday in Liverpool before Mr. Raffles, the stipendiary magistrate, and Captains Harris and Baker, as nautical assessors, as to the circumstances attending the'accident which happened to the British and North American Royal Mail steamship Africa. The inquiry was at the instance of the Board of Trade, which was repre sented by Mr. O'Dowd, solicitor to the Board. Mr. Squorey was in attendance on the part of owners and for Captain J. Stone ; Mr. Charles M'lvor, the managing partner of the steamship company, was also present. From the statement of Mr. O'Dowd, it appeared that the ship struck on a rock off Cape Race, between nine and ten o'clock on the evening of the 12th of October. The ship had been built at Greenock in 1850, and was schooner rigged. Her gross tonnage was 2,226 tons, and her registered tonnage 1,216. She was a paddle steamer, and was worked by two engines of the combined power of 800 horses. She had a crew of 130 hands, all told. Mr. O'Dowd said be was not in the habit of paying compliments, but he considered it due to the owners of the Africa to state that there was not any better managed company in the kingdom, nor were any ships better found in every respect than the vessels of this line. The Africa was commanded by Captain James Stone, who held a certificate of competency. She left Liverpool on the 3d of October, with the mails, a general cargo, and 125 passengers, and nothing of importance occurred till she struck. The first;witnesscalled wan Henry Hard graves, first officer, who had been in the company's service for eight years, and held a certificate of competency as master. At about a quarter to 10 on the night of the accident the witness noticed something white on the starboard bow, and at that instant one of the look-out men called out " breakers." This was about two minutes after the captain had left witness and gone to the saloon deck. Immediately on hearing the announcement of the breakers the witness ordered the engines to be slowed. Almost immediately afterwards she struck, but not with violence sufficient to produce a shock. The engines were put on full speed, and the vessel soon paid off and got into deep water. It \vas found that the fore hold had a considerable quantity of water in it. The ship got into St. John's about 2.30 p.m. of the 13th ult. did not leave the ship that day. After getting The passengers nto St. John's the ship was examined by divers, and it was found that she was not ma teriallydamaged. The mails were sent forward on the 14th by her Majesty's ship Vesuvius, and the passenge o r a s for. warded by one of the company's steamers 17th. The inquiry did not conclude yesterday. C O TTON AT BEaßrcE,The subject of cotton mil tivation is exc i t ing more general interest than 'he successful experiments already made, and hitherto. e e powerful l argument of 60 cents. per lb, having been ob• marketmost scepticalfor some an d sent fai n faint-hearted that Demerara,it ish has • speculation , which is more than can be said of sugar paying convincedtahiecii in the t t h h o e p l an ti ng at present. The committee of Correspondence of the Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society have an nounced that they have imported a supply of Sea Island seed from the United States, which thtly will dispose of at first cost. Last week four gins were landed for plantation H ope an d Experiment," where a large cultivation of this article is springing up. The villagers are also taking an interest in the matter and bringing their produce to town in small quantities,—,Berbice Gazette. The following letter is is written by the special Correspondent of the Ofemorial Dipkmatique at Naples:— "For a long time I have been convinced that the National Guard of Naples is at least three-fourths Bourbonist, and as for the remainder, that it is, with scarcely one exception, anti-Piedmontist. "Every one is weary of a ruinous state of things, which does not afford even the least prospect of amelioration. Every one cries— Unity ! Fraternity ! And every one conspires to prevent this illusory unity, of which the ardent adversaries are naturally those who cry out the most loudly Unity for ever "The Neapolitans, whether from national indo lence, or from some other reason, want the power of initiative ; but let some event come to rouse them from their torpor, you will see them all of a sudden, as if moved by an electric shock, act with a violence in proportion to the time they have remained inac tive and repressed, and now the Government, with an inexplicable want of foresight, has put itself the match to this mine, and given movement to the masses hitherto inert. " You have doubtless heard of the outbreak which took place last month in Naples, near the Porta Capuana, between the officers of the National Guard, the Cantorristi—the agents of the police—and finally some peasants, who took part in it as dilet tanti, and without party spirit. Many persons were greviously wounded. Captain Diaz and Police Inspector Santini have since died in consequence of their wounds. A prudent Government would have done all that was possible to lessen the importance of such an event, and tried to make it pass for a scuffle of thieves ;:but the consorteria, which has no satisfac tion greater than that of gratifying its hate against the Bourbonists, urged the Government to make arrests even among the officers of the National Guard, of whom eight have been already impri soned. Most of the National Guards compromised belong to the Bth Legion, and there is now to be begun a legal inquiry, which cannot fail to make noise enough. r 4 % 0 63111 % : -: 71 7 04 eitallat lIER MAJESTY. WINDSOR CASTLE, Nov. 10. The Queen, accompanied by her Royal Highness the Princess Louise, walked and drove in the grounds yesterday afternoon, Her Serene Highness Princess Hohenlohe, at tended by the Hon. Horatia Stopford, drove to Hampton Court. During the past week Mr. Frith has had the honour of sittings at Windsor Castle from their Royal Highnesses Princess ,Helena, Princess Louise, Prince Leopold, Princess Beatrice, the Crown Prince and Prince William of Prussia, for his pica tare of the marriage of the Prince of Wales. Mr. Henry Weigall has had the honour of sub' miffing his picture of the Prince and Princess Of Wales for her Majesty's inspection. Her Royal Highness Princess Helena, att e nded by Lady Caroline Barrington, the Hon. Mrs. Pon sonby, and Colonel H. F. Ponsonby, went to Lon' don yesterday evening, and honoured the perform' ante at the Olympic Theatre with he.r presence. Her Royal Highness returned to the Castle soon after twelve o'clock. Her Serene Highness Princess Hohenl•)he Lan genbnrg honoured Mr. G. Kolerwein with a sitting for a full-length portrait. The Prince and Princess of Wales. SANDRINGHAM, Nov. 10. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales, the Prince Frederick of Denmark, his Serene Highness the Prince Edward of Sage-Weimar, and. party have been shooting to-day in Jocelyn's Wood. Their Royal Highnesses the Princess of 'Wales and the Crown Princess of Prussia, attended by the Countess of Morton and the Countess Hohenthal, drove out. The Hon. R. H. Meade left Sandringham for ,own. The festivities at Sandringham, in connection with the celebration of the anniversary of the birth day of hie Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, were in the main strictly of a private character, and the large number of persons from the neigh' bourhood who drove on the estate were disappointed of seeing anything except the Prince and his party, who were shooting in the neighbourhood of the hall, and who were joined by the Princess of Arales and the Crown Princess of Prussia. About four o'clock on Monday afternoon the children of the Sandringham, Wolferton, and Der singham schools sang a piece or two in front of the hall, attended by the clergy on the estate, and were afterwards provided with a sumptuous dinner in Li part of the coach-houses fitted up as a chning-rooro• Their royal highnesses and their roya 1 relatives manifested great interest in the proceedings, and the Prinee and Princess kindly presided au. the fes tive board. After their royal highnesses had re tired, and ample justice had been done to the repast, the following toasts were given and enthusiastically responded to :--" The Queen," " The Prince and Princess of Wales," " Prince Alfred and the rest of the Royal Family," " The Crown Princess of Prus sia," " General Knollys," and " The Equerries." The cottagers and workpeople on tile estate also had a dinner—Mr. Carmichael, the prince's steward, presiding. At half-past nine in the evening the approaches to the hall were filled with carriages coutaining visitors to an evening party given by their royal highnesses—invitations to which had been stint to the chief families of the western division of the county. The party comprised the Prince Frede.riclEWillianl of Prussia, Prince Frederick of Denmark,, his Serena Highness the Prince Edward of Saxe-Weimar , Major Teesdale, Lieutenant-Colonel Rappel, son' R. IL Maid, Lieutenant-General Knollys and Mrs. and the Misses Knollys, Mr. H. Fisher, Captain Lund, Rev. G. B. Moron, the es-Mayor of Lynn, Mr. L. W. Jarvis and Mrs. Jarvis, Captain and Mrs. Campbell, Mr. and Mrs. Villebois, &c., to the ❑umber of 43. Dancing was kept up with gr eat spirit till a late hoar. At the neighbouring town of King's Lynn the festivities of the day were appropriately concluded by an illumination which, for a provi.7cial town. and raking into consideration the brief notice of the in tention of his royal highness to celebrate his birth day at Sandringham, did infinite credit to the loyalty and public spirit of the inhabitants. All the prince's tradespeople and many others illuminated, and the general effect was striking. A grand display of fireworks took place on the Tues day Market-place, and were witnessed by a vast concourse of persons. The bells of St. Margaret's Church continued ringing till a late hour, and the public rejoicings did not terminate till an early hour in the morning• THE ILLUAIINATIONCL One of the most splendid illumination in the metropolis on the occasion of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales's birthday, was that of Messrs. H. Poole and Co., tailors.—The design was architectural in principle, and might, in fact, be said to represent the front; of a crystal temple. Four Corinthian pillars of crystal with spiral lines of rubies supported an elliptic, arch as centre, 17rhich was surmounted by the Prince of Wales' plume. The two wings, formed by a well-proportioned cornice place d on the columns, supported two lions in a recumbent position, formed of amber stones ; they were not merely outlii led, but actually moulded to the shape of the animals, and were beautifully executed and very effective in position. Beneath the centre arch a beautiful oval shield was place /, sur rounded by the rose, thistle, and shamrock, and having in the centre the royal initials, " A.E.," reversed, and. "A." in the centre, most chastely worked in colours—the shield itself being surmounted by a glory in crystal glass : and beneath the cornice of each of the two wings a splendid star of Hanover was placed—the whole forming a c haste, well-balanced, and effective design. In addition to this grand centre-piece, the two wings of Mr. Poole's house were covered by a vary bold design in glass, also represent ing the shields of the arms of Denmark and England, sur rounded by the most effective wreaths of laurel leaves, in many shades of green glass, which has ever appeared in an out-door illumination. The Duke and Duchess of Argyll arrived in town on Monday night from Inverary Castle, Argyllsh:re. The Duke of Newcastle h:is arrived at Thomas's Hotel, Berkeley-square, from Clumber, Worksop. The Duke of Sutherland left town yesterday for Trentham, Stafforshire, to meet the duchess and family on their arrival from Lilleshall, Salop. The Marquis of Hartington will return to town to-day to attend to his official duties at the 'War -office. The Rid Granville entertained the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Earl de Grey, and other members of the Cabinet at dinner last evening at his house in Bruton-street, Viscount St. Vincent arrived in town yesterday from his seat in Kent. The Baron de Heeckeren de Wassenaer has left Brown's Hotel. Lord Brougham left town yesterday for Paris, on his wa y to Cannes, for the winter. Sir Norman Lockhart has left Farrance's Hotel for Paris, on hi s way to Egypt. The Chancellor of the Exchequer arrived at hits residence on Carlton terrace, yesterday, from ILmarden Castle, Chester. Mrs. Gladstone and Miss Gladstone did not come to town with the Chancellor of the Exck &per, but will remain at iiawatden Castle, Sir Stephen Wynne's seat, during the sojourn of Mr. Gla-istono iu London. MADAM E DE LAMARTINZ.—A new publication talked of in Paris as shortly about to appear, entitled " Madame do Lamartine." It is not only to give a por traiture of the late wife of the poet, but come of her own literary productions. THE NINTII EDITION OF M. RENAN's ig L IF E OF JESUS "is now in the press. M. Renan is very busy with a companion volume to this work, which is to contain tha LIVES OP THE APOSTLES, The Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cam' bridge, have presented the ReY. George Moreton Platt, M.A., fellow of that society, to the vicarage of Whitkilk, near Leeds. ALFRED DE VIGNY'S POSTHUMOUS WORKS Will shortly appear. The late poet has left the copyright of big published, as well as his unpublished, works to his friend, M. Louis Ratisbonne, the translator of Dante, and author of the " Comedic Enfantine ;" and it may be safely conjec tured that M. Ratisbonne will not keep his friend's literary legacy in his desk longer than is necessary. 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