The Sun. — London, England, 1854-10-20 00:00:00

. . GTLEA,T WtSTERN 11A/LWAY.... ONE or TWO DAIS' EXCUItsiON to CIRENCESTER, STR,7UD, GLOUCESTER. and C 11FLTENHA.M.-On SUNDAY, the 2'd Octob.n*, a Train will leave l':.ddingten at :.45 a.m., return ing the same cr. ning, from Cheltenham, at G. o', Gloucester, 6.50, Stroud, 7.20, and Cirenee.te,on Tuesday nion - dag. o,t. 24th, tram Cheltenham, at 7 r 30, Gloucester, 7.45, Stroud, 8,15, and Cirencester, $.15. PARES THERB AND BACK. First Class. Closed Carriages. Cireneester and 5tr0ud.............. 9s. •• • • Is. Gloucester and Cheltenham Tickets may be previously obtained at the Paddington Station ; at 2 7,'King-str. et, Cheapside ; 269, Strand ; 63, Bridge-road, Lambeth and 351, Oxford-street. Only one small article of luggage allowed. ENGINEERS' MASONIC and UNIVERSAL MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. 345, STRAND, LONDON. Daring the prevalence of-Cholera, Policies for three months (renew- , able, if required, at the expiration of that period) are granted by this Society, covering the risk, not only of Cholera, but of all other diseases. Rates only bwobtalned at th , Office. Annuitants admitted to share in the Profits. « Nn chugs tor Policy Stamps. Credit even for half the Pre mium. tort Assignments and Transfers of Policies registered free of charge. emit A liberal Conunission allowed to Solicitors and Agents on the intro- the faction of business. ANTHONY PECK, ALA , Actuary and Secretary. I . _ kUN LIFE ASSURANCE SO CIETY, 1 P , - 7 . London. SHARE OF PROFIT INCREASED FROM ONE-HALF TO ' • •• FOUR-FIFTHS. Policies effected with this Society now will PARTICIPATE IN FOUR -FIFTHS of the Net Profits of the Society, according to the conditions 'contained in the 9 ociety's Prospe ctus. The Premiums required by this Society for insuring Young Lives A szeloWei than in many other old-established offices, and Insurers arefUlly protected from all risk by an ample guarantee fund, in ad dition to the accumulated funds derived from the investments of Premitnts. MI Policy Stamps paid by the Office. Prospe or ctuses may be obtained at the Office in Threadneedle-street, Loudon, of any of the Agents of the Society. CHARLES HENRY LIDDERDALE, Actuary. NI NATIONAL PR OVIDENT INSTITUTION, 1 . 1 48, Graceehurch-street, London. For Mutual Assurance on Lives, Annuities, Sec. IHRECTORS. ' - Ch'airman-SAMU EL HAYHURST LUCAS, Esq. I . . ' Deputy-Chairman-CHARLES LUSHINGTON, Esq. en John Bradbury, Esq. Robert M. Holborn, Esq. . Thomas Castle, Esq, Robert Ingham, Esq., M.P. - William Miller Christy, Esq. Robert Sheppard, Esq. Edward Crowley. Esq. William Tyler, Esq. John Feltham, Esq. Charles Whetham, Esq. r Charles Gilpin, Esq. - - . PHYSICIANS. ... J. T. Conquest, M.D., F.L.S. I Thomas Hodgkin, M.D. nu TRUSTEES. an John Feltham, Esq. Samuel H. Lucas, Esq. Robert Ingham, Esq., M.P. Charles Lushington, Esq. Bayezas-Messrs. Brown, Janson, and Co., and Bank of England. - SOLICITOR -Septimus Davidson , Esq. do . Comm-men ACTUARY-Charles Ansa, Esq., F.R.S. th Extracts from the Report of the Directors for 1853 : - " The Directors congratulate their fellow-members on the very grati fring result of the recently completed Quinquennial Investigation of the assets and liabilities of the Institution, by which it appears that, on the 20th November, 1852, after providing for the present value of all the liabildies in the Life Assurance Department, a surplus re . isainel of 242,6271., which has been duly apportioned as heretofore. - " The reductions range from sto 89 per cent. on the original Annual er Premiums, acco rding to the age of the party and the time the Policy b) has-been in force; and the Bonuses vary in like manner, from 50 to PI 75 per cent. on the amount of premiums paid during the last five su m sears. "The total amount of the reductio ns p er annum for the ensuing five re Years is 33,3481. 17s. 2d. " The Bonuses assigned to those p olicies on which the original rc pre miums continue to be paid amount to 89,8801. ss. Od. ; this, together ti ] with Bonuses apportioned at former divisions, makes an aggregate - addition to the sums assured by the Policies in force of 126,5641. " Notwithstanding the great reduction of Premiums, the net annual income arising from 12,32 6 existing Policies is i 63,9121. 7 ld.; this -,, sum, with the interest on invested capita l, viz., 37,298/. 75. 3d., " k Shows a total annual income of 201,210/. 145. 4d." The amount of Capital exceeds ON E MILLION STERLING. N 1 Members, whose premiums fall due on the Ist Oct. are reminded L that they must be paid within 30 days fr om that date. Q Piospectnses and all other information may be obtained on appli• It cation to the Office. di Sept. 23, 1854. JOSEPH MARSH, Secretary. l ' il ---,--- - TEE DIRECTO''S OF THE STANDARD LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY REQUEST ATTENTION TO THE ADVANTAGE 7 OF JOINING THE COMPANY BEFORE THE CLOSE OF THE BOOKS FOR THE PRESENT YEAR crs 15TH NOVEMBER, 4 WITH REFERENCE TO TIIE DIVISION OF PROFITS IN . MS, l' , . T HE FUND to be Divided in 1855 will be 1' - derived from the Profits which have arisen since 1850, and ° those persons who effect Assurance s at this time will secure TWO I TEAR;' Participation in that Fund, while they will rank at the ° tdoivniu a , 0 on, st sTa i n nlB6ofo r seven years' bonus; in 1865, for twelve years' I increasing their claim at EACH PERIOD. The principle en which the Fronts of the Company are divided i- ` , similar to a TONTINE, and the Directors have been enabled to con fer very large benefits on the Policyholders at the former Divisions of Pinata in 1535, 1840, 1A45, and 1850: some of the earliest Assur- ances having been increased at the rate of 871. 6s. for each 1001. assured, thus making an original 1,0 001 . policy e q ual to 1,8731. 1 holds The Directors confidently asrert that no Life Assurance Institution out greater advantages than the STANDARD to persons who, looking forward to long life, effect Assurances for the benefit of their families. The Company's large Accumulated Fund s are invested on the , security of land and in Government securities. The Income is con siderably upwards of Two Hundred Thousand Pounds per annum ; , and for some years the average number of per , ons who have joined Me I.nstitution has been 825. and the corresponding annual amount i of Now Assurances, 460, 0001 . LONDON. CHAIRMAN OF TUB BOARD. • The Right Honourable the Earl of-Aberdeen. ORDINARY DIRECTORS. F. Le Breton, Esq., 3, t rosby square. • . John Lindsay, Esq., 26, Laurence Pountney-lane. I homes H. Brooking, Esq , Old Broad-street. John Griffith Frith, Esq , Austin-friars. A•exander Gillespie, Esq.. 3, Billiter -court. Iles. Macgregor, Esq., Arlington-street. J. hn rcott, Esq., 4, Hyde-park-street. Fltrther information will be supplied at the Company's Offices and . .-Ailmaeles . i . WILL. THOS. THOMSON, Manager. i H. JONES WILLIAMS, Resident Secretary. London, 82, King William.etreet. EDINBURGH.• 3, George-street. LONDON ....82, King William- street. DUBLIN.% ....66, Upper Saukville-street (M./scow • • ..35, St. Vincent-place. - . LAMBETH and PROVINCIAL FREEHOLD LAND SOCIETY. (Enrolled as the Borough of Lambeth Benefit Buildn; Society.) NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That a SPECIAL GENERAL. MEETING of the Members of the above SOciety will be held at the Literary Institution. Boroueh-road. Southwark, on MONDAY EVENING NEXT, the 231 inst., at 7 o'clock precisely. W. BANKS, Secretary. 211, High-street, Borough, 17th Oat., 1854. a......... ...................••••••••••••.p ORIENTAL HOTEL.—Madras and Malay - Currie ;, Indian Koorrna, Dupeajja and Coaptu, Jerd .• Broocna, and Indian Plow, Kitcheree, Cullia, Shaumee Cawaubs, and Sultan Mulligatawney. These Indian dishes are prepared daily. Private Dining-rooms for large or 'snail parties. Dinners in the Coffee-rooms I. la Carte. Wines of most extraordinary character can be had. Oriental Hotel, Yere-street. (ORISON'S PILLS. —The VEGETA BLE UNIVERSAL MEDICINE of the BRITISH COLLEGE of HEALTH, New-road, London. Reed the MORISON' ANA. and other Hygeian publications, to be bad gratis of all the agents. No chemist or druggist is allowed to sell Morison's Pills. , . . 114, R AVESEND STAB i Nig PACKETS. , No ether Packets call at t he Greenhithe and Purfleet Piers. i NOTICE. -Day Tickets are issued upon the Gravesend Star Packets, available for return by them or by the London and Tilbury i Railvray ; the Return Tickets by the Railway will also be available for return by the Star Packets. . The Packets call at the Piers as underlined (weather permitting ) . • FROM TERRACE PIER, GRAVESEND. •.•••..........—.-,-.------..-----•-•'--"•".-''''- WEEK DAYS SUNDAYS. 4) V ------------- 0 :!-I 0 5 j - 1 r:1 ... Terrace E 7 ' ''' 4.! E 4 . r. Is Pier l' - 8 •L' , T I m e ,2 3, °-• '' r ° 7.4 :,-, P A . ' 4 -,' - §, • '.. 5 I "18 . ' - -8% - - - • - t9 ll 11% - -7 3 34 - - - - I K - - - --_.5 - - 5 -- , Direct Trains from 1 Omnibuses from F. every quarter of an h, ha Boats marked t nchurch•street Station to all parts of London BRUNSWICK WEIN I lowing Train; IF, BLACKWALL, on the arrival of the fol Ls from the FenchurCh-street station. NV F - Zit DAYS. SUNDAYS. 4 Ten church Street Passages marked * are run dirt. lore ec Cabin. Saloon. To or Prom Gravesend and London ••• • • • .... 10d. .. Is. 23. •, Gravesend and Blackwall or Woolwiah Sd• .. Os. 10d. Between Gravesend and Intermediate Piers.. 6d. .. Os. Bd. BOAT TICKETS.--Twelve Months, 5,. 03.; Six Months, 3/. Os. ; Three Months, 21. Os. • to be had of the Collectors on bo ard the Packets; or er Mr. Monk, Terrace Pier, Gravesend. Oct. '9, 1854. THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH AND MATURITY. Just pliblithed, price 23., illustrated with cases; free by post for 30 stamps ' NERVOUS DEBILITY; Its Causes, Symptoms, and Cure.—An Essay on Sper materrbeea, with Practical Observations on a safer and more successful mode of treatment of the diseases of the Generative System, obtained by the use of the Microscope In detecting and distinguishing, by urinary examination, the real fro eause and effect of every variety of complaint, whether arising solitary habits, excesses, accident, or climate. followed by practical rei on twenty years' eeperienee in the treatment of Impuissance ' Nervous Debility, Local Weakness, spermatorrbita, &c.ow which from empirica practice, are add6d, Commentaries on the Physiology of Marriage, w ith pre cautionary hints on the evils emanating and on :the dangerous remedies advocated by various writers on these important , disorders. By SAMITEL LA'YERT. M.D. 37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON, Society Doctor of merneme, Matriculated Member of the University of Edit) burgh, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, &e., &c. The essential object of this treatise is to point out the fearful con sequences resultlng from certain habits, irregularities, and excesses which have prottuced more misery in y o uth, degradation in Man hood, and perusal 1, prematere decay at all stages of Life, than, perhaps, am. other class of diseeve known to rradell Pat" l " lsts • Its particularly recom mended to persons enter ta i n ine secret doubts ei t their physical conoition, and who are cons6oes of haring hazardeo he health, happiness, and ' privileges to which every human being is entitled, It is ab:olutely necessary thatall men shou ld know, that there arc Principles of personal ;neng a einent which cannot be violated withou Vicurring grievous penalties, and when wisdo m and regret succeeo e heyday of Inconsiderate self-indu l g ence, how these penaltiei an riia d Y h be mitigated, how the sting of their bitterness may be removedll, that the evil and its consequences may be avoided, and above a a , derane there is scarcely any degree of physical infirmity or rune on ' Tha femeatto which the timely aid of science cannot apply a cure. praetirioir hat for a series of years been angileed in an extensive unfortunabsiy L I . the treatment of these delicate complaints, which have empiric, vrh i eel' too generally confided to the care of ignorani ii _thefx ° l faith iii inflict great injury on those who are induced to place E RVOUS Brothers, an, D , EBILITY • may be had, mice 2.1, of Messrs. Pipet, Herne, pi, LI,Coe 23, Paternoster-row ; Hannay, 63, Oxford -street . to ter thirty ate. ' e i e ' ee ' s 'square; Mann, 39, Cornhill ;or tree by post I": ford-square. to any address from the Author's residence, 37, Bed- At home for tIU mo t. coneunaltett daily from Eleven till Two, and from • 9 1 4 105( 12 1 A 24, 41A *SIA Fen church Street NO. 19,3661 PUBLICATIONS. Now ready at all the Libraries in '2 vols., 215., LIGHTS AND SHADOWS OF A UST RALIAN LIF E. By Mrs. CLACY, Author of " A Lady's Visit to the Gold Diggings." "There is a shrewd, clever spirit in this book, and, besides the en tertainment supplied in it, we find some sagacious hints by which emigrants may I) , ofit not a little."--Examiner. I:, se very interesting volumes possess the charm of truth with the favcitiation of fiction."— , un. Iltirst and Blacken, publishers, successors to Henry Colburn. Just ready. in post Bvo., 7s. 6,1., T HE BUNGALOW and the TENT; Or, Three Months in Ceylon. By EDWARD SULLIVAN, .Author of "Rambles and Serarnbles in Amerlca." London : Rielivd Bentley, New Burlington-street. - - A New Edition, in Bro., with Mans, gm, prize 51s. Cloth; or 555. strongly Half-bound in Russia, M'CULLOCH'S DICTIONARY, PRACTI CAT,, THEORETICAL. Ant lIISTOItICAL, of COM MERLE and COMMEROIAL NAVIGATION. Lon ton : Longman, Brown, Green at d Lotigmans. NEW NOVEL, By THE AUTHOR or " THE WIFE'S SISTER." On the 25th inst., in 3 Vols.. .If AY AND DECEMBER: A Tale of Wedded Life. By Mrs. HUBBACK (niece of Miss Austell), Authoress of" the Wife's Sister," Scc &c. Charles J. Skeet, publisher, 10, King WilLam,treet, Charing cross. * * l , Orders should be glven immediately to prevent disappointment. STRICTURE OF THE URETHRA. Just Published, price 55., by post, free, ss. 6c1., THE PATHOLOGY and RATIONAL .TREATMENT of STRICTURE of the URETHRA; with numerous Cases illustrative of every variety of Urethral Obstruction, and their special Modes of Treatment and Cure. By F. B. COURTENAY, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. " We know of no man to whose care we could with greater confl &nice entrust the treatment of a severs case of stricture of the ure thra."—Medical Circular. London : H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street. INING ENGINES to be LET on HIRE, or for SALE.—lmportant to all interested in Mining property. —Mining engines may be set to work wi'hout 'fixing, chimney, or engine -house, and the real value of the mine tried at a small cost, by the Hire of MEDWIN and TI kLL'S PATENT PORTABLE PUMPING and WINDING ENGINES. Are strong, shtmle, mounted on broad waggon wheels, horse shafts, to remove at plea sure. Several are ready for immediate delivery, either to be let at rental or purchase, of 10, 12, 16, 25, to 41-horse p wer. Apply to Messrs. Medwin and Hall, engineers, No. 92, Blackfriars road, London, where terms and reports respecting the working of these engines for years may be obtalued. ARGYLL ROOMS.-LAURENT'S CASINO will RE-OPEN on SA.TURD ‘1" next. On which occasion the following fashionable Music will be performed by the well known Band of the Rooms :—Programme : Overture, Zanetta ; Waltz, Les Gandoles de la Tamise ; Polka, Bulgarian; Quadrille, Le Jolt Postilion ; Polka, La Coinete ; Waltz, Stars of the West ; Quadrille, Les Italiens ; Schottische, Henrietta; Galop, Conican Brothers; Waltz, lloue; Quadrile, Les Francaise ; Polka, Etoile du Nord; Waltz, Solon Spruche ; Quadrille, Constantinople; Galop, L'Orange. Alteration of Time —Doors open at 8 ; commence at half-past. PATRON-11.R.11. PRINCE ALBERT. ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. The next MONDAY EVENING LECTURE to the INDUS- T e I 1 / 4 .1". CbASSE;, on the 16th inst., will be on GEOLOGY, by E. W. BEA ILLY, Esq.. F R. 3., F.G.S., &c , at eight o'clock. An entirely new and original DUBOSCQ'S CAC kDE ILLUMI NATED by Electric Light, throwing Three Jets of Water instead of one, and displaying a variety of beautiful colours. Also, I) UIIOSCQ'S NEW SUBMARINE. ELECTRIC LIMP, by which the opLrations of the Diver can he se , n under water. MODEL of SEBASTOPOL, by two of the Royal Sappers and Miners. Ili-SOLVING VIEWS of the SEAT of WAR , in the 13 ILTIC and BLACK SEA, including sEI3A.STOPOL and CRONSTADT. COSMORA. NIA ROOMS will shortly be opened with forty views of the chief places in Russia. and the Costumes of the people. Exhibition of the OXY-HYDROGEN MICROSCOPE daily, at half-past one. LECTURES by J. H. PErrEa, Earl., Dr. BICIIIIOFFNES, and Mr Jonas Open from twelve o'clock daily. TO LOVERS OF FIS.H.- 110 real TARMOUT II BLOATERS for Gs., package included. The above forwarded to all parts on receipt of penny postage stamps, or 0. 0. (preferred) for the amount. Send plain address, county, and nearest station.—Address, Thomas Lettis, jun., Fish-curer, Great Yarmouth. • TACKSON'S PATENT PREPARATION for the PRESERVATION of POTATOES, SEEDS, &c.—This valuable discovery, for which Letters Patent have been obtained, is the result of fourteen ye trs' study and experiments in the preserva tion of vegetable matters. It imparts health and vigour to the Plants and Seeds subjected to its action, and effectually prevents the POTATO DISEASE, the SMUT in IVHE AT, MILDEW and ROT, all FUNqA.L DISEASES, and the attacks of INSECTS and VER MIN, and further recommends itself to the farmer, thl planter, and the public generally, by the extreme simplicity of the mode of its application. It is sold by all seedsmen and Chemists, in packets of one, two, .hrec, and four pounds each, with instructions for its use, and parties requiringlarger quantities for their own use or for exportation, can be supplied on advantageous terms, by addressing to Mr. Jackson, the Patentee, 18, Cannen-street, London-bridge, where the article is always on sale, and the full,st particulars and directions fur its use can be obtained. AUTUMN AND WINTER NOVELTIES in DuEss.—lt anrds E. MOSES and SON the greatest plea sure to state that all the Novelties ler the season in Attire, Hate, Caps, Hosiery, Ladies and Children's Clothing, Boots, and Shoes, &c., &e., are now ready for inspection at their Establishment and it. West-end branch. There is not an article of Attire for Autumn so elegant, gentle manly, and comfortable as the new i'aletot, which has been designed solely by E. MOSES and Sox ; it supersedes any previous invention, and, for Autumn and Winter, is a leading article of dress for all c 1 es. Its price bei g only 255. renders it a convincing proof cif the advantages afforded by the economical prices charged by E. Moses and SoN. The Autumn and Winter Novelties in the magnificent stock of Hats and Caps, now presented by E. Moses and Sore, comprise every new, elegant, and fa•hionable style, which has bees invented in London and Paris; they are the most seasonable fashions, the most durable articles, and are charged the must economical prices. The Autumn and Winter Novelties in the Hosiery Depa . tment at E. MOSES and SON'i associate the echest, most fashionable, and most useful goods, and the section exclusively appropriated to Ladies and Children's Dress and Underclothing displays the most elegant and serviceable articles for the season in unparalleled magnitude of Stock, and at the most economical prices. The Wholesale Clothing, Shirt, and Boot and Shoe Department offers advantages to Captains, Merchants, Emigrants, and others, in the magnitude, superiority, and suitability of the stock and economy in price, which will resider the goods offered by E. Moses and Sots the dest and most profitable investments which can be made. full Lists of Outfits for Emigrants, Ladies, and Gentlemen, with ship-sailing information, gratis; on application, or post free. C A.UNION.—E. MOSES and SON regret having to guard the au hlle against imposition, having learned that the untradesman-like fall: hood of " Being connected with their Establishment," or " It's the same concern," has been resorted to in many instances, and for obvious reasons, they beg to state that they have NO CONNEXION WITH ANY °TREE UOUSE IN OE OUT OP LONDON, except their own Establishments, as follows : Limdon City Establishment, 154, 155, 156, and 157, Minories, 34, 45, and as, Aldgate, opposite the Church. all communicating. London West-end Branch, 506, 507, 505, New Oxford-street, 1, 2, and 3, Hart-street, all commuicating. Bradtord (Yorkshire) Branch, 19 and 20, Bridge-street. Sheffield Branch, 36, Fargate. Colonial Wholesale Branch, Melbourne, Australia. Merchant Tailore, Cl o thiers, Hatters, Iloslers, Furriers , Boot a nd Shoe Makers, and leneral Outfitters for Ladies and Gentlemen. 174PORTANT.—Should any article not give satisfaction, It will be axchanged if desired, or, if preferred, the money will •be returned without hesitation. All goods are marked in plain figures, the lowest trom which no abatement can be made. The Establishments are closed from sunset on Fridays to sunset on i=saturdays, when business is resumed till 12 o'clock. A new Book for Auttim and Winter. " The Commercial Cornn copia," containing full lists of prices, our sy.;teln of self-measUre ment, Sec ., may be had on application, or post-free. Id Pon parte Francais. QIIi ci earls Italian. liter mpricht man Deutsch Aqua an habla Espain ADMIRALTY PROMOTIONS. A commander of the White Sea squadron, a commander of the Baltic fleet, a commander of the Coast of Africa squadron, and a commander on half - pay, have been pro moted to the rank of captain. The first is Captain F. B. P. Seymour (1847). This officer is the youngest son of the late Sir Horace Seymour, and nephew of Admiral Sir G. Seymour. He entered the navy in 1834, was promoted in 1812, and was promoted from flag lieutenant to Sir G. Seymour. He is brother-in law to Lord Spencer, who holds a high position in the Royal household. Captain Seymour has commanded the Brisk, 15, screw, in the 'West Indies and in the White Sea squadron. Captain Wodehouse is the son of the Hon. and Rev. W. \Vodehouse. He entered the navy in 1823, served as a midshipman at the battle of Navarin, was promoted in 1833, was made a commander in 1844, served in command of the Phoenix, screw sloop, coast of Africa, and since Feb ruary, 1854, has commanded the Rosamond, 6, paddle, in the Baltic. Captain the Hon. John W. S. Spencer (1817) is sixth son of Lord Churchill. He entered the navy in 1830, was made a lieutenant in 1841, was promoted from flag lieu tenant to Roar-Admiral Superintendent Hyde Parker, and commanded the Contest, 12, for three years in China. Captain Macdonald (1848) is the nephew of the Earl of Mount Edgcumbe, brother-in-law of the Hon. Charles Cust and the Hon. and Rev. A. Wodehouso. He entered the navy in 1833, was made a lieutenant in 1842, was pro moted to the rank of commander from flag lieutenant to Sir G. Seymour in the Pacific, and has commanded the Ferret, 8, on the coast of Africa, since June, 1852. It will be seen that all the lucky officers promoted are connections of noble families; and it would really appear, from a record of their career, that such relationships form the chief if not the sole recommendation to the First Lord of the Admiralty for their advancement. With the ex- ception of Capt. Woclehouse (who is an old officer-compara tively, and to whose promotion no service objection can be raised) those officers entered the service in 1830 and 1833. We look in vain for their services as mates, and we are equally at a loss to find out when and where they hare done duty as lieutenants. The fact is, they are all flag promotions, and consequently their experience as seamen and as officers in command of men is small indeed. Doubt less they have served their time as commanders, and have got through their probationary term with credit to. them selves; but we contend that other qualifications are neces sary than the mere preference to a command for two or three years, and some service of distinction should have been performed to entitle these officers to be promoted over the heads of hundreds of their seniors of longer ser vitude in all ranks, of much greater experience as com manders, but of more humble and less fortunate connec tions. If the commencement of a war is to be marked by such promotions as these, good bye to all esprit in the navy. We are the last to complain of the promotion of officers of aristocratic connections wore their service claims superior to their seniors. We kno v that there are on the list seve ral gallant and distinguished officers, even connections Qf noble families, who have beds most unjustly and invidi ously kept back. What we protest against is the undue preference given to those officers who have no superior ser vice claims to justify their premature advancement.-- vice Herald. ~~ z -7i~G- .~~~~ ~~ ((_2 "T 1 ',-). r. T. (.;,...,,::„•Li.'`..7ts-'',,- :.'"'" - '''. /-• 1 rr 7. 4 . -1 t • --.., . • ~‘---,, ro - it/ # (1 . .1.4 - 4 - _ • . . _ _....n.......-.... - . . ~...... .. . f ~..5.... , . •, . . - -...... _ ~.. 1 ' \ T4A.,7 , .:. 1 " , -•?... , ..1., / ~ , . , ~..... , • , . . - --' ---- . inN • ' 1 . .,....0 .. ..: :4.7, ~..,.. ~,,,..„.. . • 1 ~AL N 7 "s - '` 4.4 -- ' .l- 8114 4 -W- - tk '2ll \4 ; - . t-Ze., ----2 ---r•-• --_ —, z,S. ', ~, i r i -- -1 -- -A/ I tN ,„.4*.. , VI/ , elk 'fit •... _.),---, t,,,.'j.i4tii...,. r„4":* --- H 7 4 e 4 M-147. 7 .7NW_ . . ~,,-, ~, ,w -r. REr%- : .. 0 , *- - 1.. , ... + 4 ~-.; -; ,-, :i ~' ~.., , I "A- '-' liii ,V , '.--- -4- 1---- _.„ . , - „, e l ~- ~ f.:. ~:: • 4 , ',,' --. --:-- -Y. -,,.:. a )go 4r. 4 , ....,.., ' " '' ' 0 ' 1 ,.. ', ' *VP :!*,,i..,. / ''*'' .*A) • on . ..k .vs '. 43 -.;-\ ; -fz--_,..:-- . • :,-,-,,,.. / '_=.'" /.'k:' , .-• ~.__________ . _L.e._- 'c, 4, '• Dr EE :,,,, 41, 1 -4,.... iz", ...,,.-3,,, - , -, -,,,- ' ' , LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 20, 1854. NAVAL AND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE. The Calcutta, 84, Captain J. J. Stopford, in Plymouth Sound, it is reported, will make up her complement and proceed to the West Indies. The Colossus, 80, screw-ship, Captain Robinson, sailed yesterday for the West Indies. The men turned over to her from the Ajax were paid wages yesterday. The Cumberland, 70, Capt. Seymour, arrived at Chat ham on Wednesday, and was moored oppsite the dock yard to be paid off. At five o'clock' on the morning of the 17th inst., previous to the ship entering the Med way river, a report was announced that a man was over board ; instantly a boat was manned, and help sent to his rescue, and fortunately he was picked up in a very faint condition. The person proved to 'be the fourth lieutenant of the ship, Lieut. L. (4. B. Hamilton. He was found with his throat cut, and also cut in both his arms. He was taken on board, and all he could say was, " Why did you not let me die !" During the time the crew went to their breakfast he took the opportunity of going from his cabin to the portable gallery, where he committed the act with a razor. The Swallow, 8, screw-sloop, Commander Cranford, and the Harrier, 16, screw sloop, Commander Story, had their compasses swung yesterday, after which the Swallow went out of harbour, and anchored at Spithead. The Edmondshury transport was towed out of harbour, and sailed to (lay for the Black Sea, laden with provisions. The Fairy, screw yacht, arrived yesterday at Ports mouth, from Hull, where she had been in attendance on her Majesty. The ships in Portsmouth harbour made preparations yes terday to strike lower yards and topmasts for the winter. DEAL, OCT. 19. In the Downs—The French line-of-battle ship Tage, from the Baltic. APPOINTMENTS. Clerk in Charge—John Freshfield (1847), to the Rhada manthus, paddle-wheel steam store-vessel, at Deptford. Second. Master—Adolphe E. Parks (1553 ), from the Mi randa, screw steam corvette, to the Wrangler, screw steam despatch gun-boat, on her return from the Baltric. Clerk—Edward W. M. Millman (paymaster of 1854), to the Ajax, 60, Screw steam-ship, at Cork ; David L. Rhind (1854), to the Nankin, 50, at Chatham. Clerk's Assistant—Arthur H. Gore, to the Curacoa, 30, screw steam-frigate, at Portsmouth. PROMOTIONS. Commanders—Frederick B. P. Seytriour (1847), at present commanding the Brisk, 14, screw steam-sloop, employed on particular service ; George Wodehouse (1844), in command of the Rosamond, paddle-wheel steam-sloop, serving in the Baltic ; Hon. John W. S. Spencer (1847), and Reginald J. J. G. M`Donald (1848), in command of the Ferret, 8, sloop, on the west coast of Africa station, have been promoted to the rank of cap tain. The Wrangler, screw gun-boat, arrived at daylight yesterday morning at Portsmouth from the Baltic. She came into harbour, and is expected to be sent to the Black Sea. TRIAL OF THE TARTAR. WOOLWICH, Oct. 19.—The Tartar, 21, screw steam corvette, iu charge of Mr. Pym, additional master of the Black Eagle, steam-vessel, was taken out of the basin at Woolwich on Wednesday morning, and started for Chat ham at 10.30 a.m., having Mr. Henry Maudslay on board, to superintend -the working of the engines on their fist trial. In consequence of her light draught, 10 feet 3 inches forward, and 14 feet 3 inches aft, the number of revolutions (sixty-five) she ought to make when at the deep load line were increased and made sixty-eight to seventy-one per minute, and no hot bear ings occurred, the engines, of 250 horse power, work ing smoothly and satisfactorily, and producing an ave rage speed of ten-and-a-half knots per hour. The engines, by Maudslay, Sons, and Field, are on the hori zontal cylinder double piston rod direct acting principle, the cylinders being fifty-one inches diameter, and the stroke two feet three inches. She ran down nearly as far as the Mouse Light, and then turned and went up to Chatham, where she arrived at four o'clock p.m. When rounding the Nore, the Monkey, in attendance upon her, was about six or seven miles astern. The Rh tdamanthus paddle-wheel steam store vessel, Master-Commander John Belam, has now completed taking on board a cargo of provisions, and has been placed under orders to proceed to the Baltic with a sup ply for the fleet. her power than even a light river steamer. The eco nomy of fuel is also remarkable. At full speed, the con sumption of fuel is at the rate of 32 cwt. per hour, or 38 tons per da, y, being one ton of coals consumed for every 10 miles of distance done. The experiments of trials made at half-steaming power, with two boilers, are still more remarkable in this respect. It appears that 10.409 knots, or about 12 statute miles, per hour were accom plished by the combustion of 12 cwt. of coal per hour, being 20 statute miles of distance for every ton of coals consumed. By such a vessel, therefore, a distance of 4,000 miles would be steamed, at the rate of 16 miles per hour, in less than 10 days, with the consumption of 400 tons of coals ; and at the reduced speed the same distance would be accomplished in less than 144 days, with an expenditure of 200 tons of coals. THE ARCTIC EXPEDITION. COURT-MARTIAL ON SIR EDWARD BELCHER. SHEERNESS, Oct. 19.—The court-martial on Sir E. Belcher was resumed on bsard the Waterloo this morning. Mr. George Frederic M'Dougall sworn—l was master of the Resolute. I left England in her. I was with her when she and the Intrepid were abandoned. I produce the log of the Resolute. It was kept by me, and I have every reason to believe it is correct in every particular. The ships (the Resolute and her tender Intrepid) were abandoned on the 15th of May, 1854. They were is latitude 74.416 north, and 101.22 west longitude. They were south-west by south, true 28 miles off Cape Cock burn, Bathurst Land. They were frozen in. Had you ever been in the Arctic seas before ?—I ac companied Captain Austen in his ship to the Arctic re gions during the years 1850 and 1851. From your experience do you think it probable the ships might have got through this autumn l—From our great distance from land, and the existence of a chain of islands extending across Barrow Strait to the eastward of our position, I think the chances of our getting out were considerably lessened, but on the whole I think it probable the ships would have got out. What state were the ships kilt—They were quite ready for re-occupation. Were they at all damaged ?—With the exception of the loss of the false keel of the Resolute she had sus tained no damage, and I believe that the Intrepid was sound. Were you in a dangerous position in case you had been compelled to pass another winter where you were? —I do not think we should have run more than the usual risk always attendant upon an Arctic voyage. At what time in your former voyage had the ice bro ken up to admit navigation I—ln 1851 we were extri cated from our winter quarters, near Griffiths Island on the 11th or 12th of August, and in the year 1853 we were blown from our winter quarters, near Dealy Island, on the 18th of August. itD e to c o l i b e e r — c o T r r h e e e f d . r a a n w d i n o g n e p , theducterda e i i i s ) g m p i n r o e ~. a d l u i ß d ce Y l d, b S e w i l r i a e s E ve . of the original. ma le by me, and I believe it to be a fac simileeor s f sending od , asa chart, this' track s me D l o — y l o t u w k a n s know the f, a as objectp t ouil d is the custom of the service. What is the distance between Point Griffiths and Beechey Island I—About 230 miles. If with this chart before me the Resolute made good not more than 76 ;miles from August to the 12th No vember, 1853, and was driven to the southward of the range of hill] in Barrow Strait, so as not to recover the northern lead until late in the season, what special ground have you for imagining you would recover that lead, or that the Resolute and intrepid could be extri cated in time to obey the commands of the Lords of the Admiralty, before the end of August, 1354 ? The Deputy Judge Advocate—Has he seen the orders? —Yes, they were distlibuted in the squadron. Witness (in answer) —During the present season southerly winds prevailed to the time of our departure from Beechey Island, materially assisting in pushing the vessels to the northward, and I believe it is considered an established fact that the body of ice near our last winter quarters finds an exit through Lancaster Sound. Is that your belief, or do you know it to be a fact ? From my experience I believe it to be the case. With the wind at south-east and no space of water for the ice to be blown into, explain how it could escape I I form my opinion from the voyage of Sir Edward Parry, who cast south of Lowther Island on his outward pas sage, and returned without any difficulty the following year. Were you blockaded in 1853 I—We were. Captain Francis Leopold M'Clintock sworn. Were you commander of the Resolute for service in the Intrepid?—l was. Did you leave England with the Resolute ?—Yes. And accompanied her to Dealy Island I—Yes. State the position the ships were in when abandoned in May, 1854.—Twenty-eight miles S.W. by S., true, off Cape Cockburn. Were they in a good condition I—Yes. served d ve i n you o t i ll had e a n p y r e s c x e pe di ri ng e n e c x e p e o d f i t A i o r n c t s i , c u nvdoeyrage Sirs Jl—asl. Ross and Capt. Austen. From your experience do you consider the vessels draw eould ahtatev l e i t g i o o n t t t l o i r t o h u e g c h h t a h r e t , ice sfio this g autumn e ? — 0 f I beg drift to in the ice after the navigable season of 1853 had closed. Before the closing in of the present navigable season I far east it probable they would he drifted near l y as east as Griffith Island, and if so I have but little doubt that we should have brought them home this autumn. as sn eini followsear t inolny disadvantagesocf: From the position the ships were in would there have been any danger to them or to the crew front their re maining another winter I—Not more, I think, than we had experienced from the previous winter spent in the pack. Should you have felt it your duty to have remained with the ships if you had received no orders to the con trary I—As an officer I certainly would. What was the general health of the officers and crew ? —Compared with the previous expeditions with which I have served it was good. Do you remember the distance that Sir James Ross's ship drifted when you were under his command when they were beset in the pack somewhere off Point Leo poldl—Yes, it was about 240 miles. Was it not right through Lancaster Sound into Baffin's Bay I—Yes. The ships being entirely beset all that time ?--Yes. What has been your experience of the ice breaking up in former voyages ?—We left our winter quarters in Port Leopold in 1842, on the 28th or 29th of August. In 1851 we were freed on the 11th or 12th of August ; in 1853, on the 18thof August. What is the average period that ships are free front the time they are freed till the time they are frozen in again?—From about the 15th of August to about the 18th of September. By Sir E. Belcher —Are you aware that the copies of all previous Arctic voyages were supplied for my in formation, as well as that of Captain Kellett, and that by the experience of Sir Edward Parry he never found t a h s e .u b m ar ed rie b r y o s f ir ice E r . e p m a o rr v y ed as fro ti m le tohnelymsoaufeth of Barrow communication to the Arctic committee of I g B u 4 i 9 d Strait before the 22d of August, and that that period is they have always been supplied to the ships for general information. lam not aware of what is stated, as to the experience of Sir E. Parry. On the contrary, I assumed the 22d of August to be the only ? e — i n y his e s , be lieve that Sir E. Parry entered Barrow Strait very early in August, 1819. I am not aware that Sir E. Parry Have you read the opinton of Sir E. Parry, printed by order of the House of Commons on the 20th April, 1849, and dated Bth of January in that year I—l think it probable I may have read it at the time. I cannot now recollect. The opinion was read from the blue book, and was s l ea sl s i o o n ul o d f as I find that, independently of our discoyery and exa oabmse effect awb Melvillehl e iant d tt u bh r ea i l n t s during yeari a l n i the p d s , l f t a eg n e a n y t i ' g s a T t n io l n et t , h a e ti n d en n t o il t .e w iy it u la n st k a i n lo d w in n g , exa mination the Hecla and Griper were only 19 days actually en gaged in making their way from the entrance of Lancas ter Sound to the longitude of Winter Harbour : that is, from the Ist to the sth of August, and front the 21st 111080—ppineslintntoaheneegodeEt wnaetser Judging, fer aperrni westward eb sltewd however,t rof , wouldri of August to the sth of September." Mr. William. Thomas Dunnville, M.D., examined— Were you surgeon of the Resolute.?—l was. Did you leave England in herl—l did. And oecompanied her to her winter quarters I—l did. What was the state of the health of the officers and crew when the ships were abandoned ?—Good, but there were some exceptions. How many of the officers could you have recommended as fit to remain another winter in the ice I—There were no exceptions to the officers. How many of the crew were fit to remain I—A certain number had been named, amounting to fifty, but as a matter of necessity more might have been obtained. By Sir E. Belcher—Did the difference of health as compared with the crew of the Assistance result from the liberal supply of ',beef and venison, at the rate of 141 b. per man per day, as well as small game killed I—Such a ration as that was never issued to my knowledg e . It was issued on Christmas-day ; the state of health of the crew was superior to that of the Investigator and As sistance. tity of salt meat above what would be required, and suet, and several other artioles of minor importance. This closed thecase for the prosecution. Deputy Judge Advocate—Would you like to have any time to consider your defence ? • Sir E. Belcher—About an hour. The court then adjourned for an hour, and on re-as sembling Sir E. Belcher proceeded to read his defence. Sir E. Belcher then read a long written defence, in the course of which he read extracts from various orders issued by the Lords of the Admiralty for hie guidance in the conduct of the expedition. By instructions dated the 16th of April, 1852, Sir Edward was directed to Rroceed with the Assistance, Resolute, Pioneer, Intre pid, and North Star to Beechy Island, which was to be considered as the grand rendezvous of the expedition, and on arriving at that point his attention was directed to two great objects—first, endeavouring to pass up Wellington Channel with one sailing vessel and one steamer ' • and secondly the advance of a sim i l ar force towards Melville Island. The following is the last para graph of the instructions :-- "You are distinctly to understand our directions to be, that the several ships under your orders shall each be on its way home, and to the eastward of Barrow Strait, whenever their stock of irlvisions shall have been re duced to twelve months! full allowance." In the instructions dated the 12th of May, 1353, the following paragraph appears : "2. In communicating with you on the subject of your former orders and the servic3 on which you are employed, we are aware how impossible it is for us to send out any definite instructions with reference to your fatirre 'proceedings; -when we are ignorant of the position in which you may now be placed, or,whether any traces of Si; ' John Franklin's expedition may have been found during last autumn or the spring of this year, and what steps you may" haire considered it most expedient to adopt. But if no trace of the missing ships have been found beyond the Wellington Channel, and if it should appear that by the extended search you may have been en abled to make in that quarter, that the missing ships did not proceed in that direction, and if Capt. Kellett should have reached Melville Island, as directed by his instruc tions„ and his land expeditions should also have failed in finding any such. trace, it does not appear to us that shsd t lh h hBai s e iov4cp r reso e se v:ba i e en s a e or xedyfne ny other te clhvp aBjet ns:Polar6tbteh. ede ei without expected.. Seas, ft r eoh e csr c otum t euc io dteh. westrn in d fi nas a contingencytnoiEveryg station which naLa a prospect t atatrenacßcoeaeesssetoicebfharl esettpioisrsi o le afdoan,theirfnat .missingh inlifel y [PRICE SD. towards Cape Walsingharn, should be examined, and you are therefore to endeavour in your instructions to the ships proceeding to England to meet this contingency. "In the event of your health rendering it necessary for you to proceed to England, and the necessity of a part of the squadron remaining out another winter, you are to make known to the officer whom you may appoint to succeed you in command all your views and arrange ments respecting further proceedings. " Although this country is now at war with Russia you are clearly to understand that you are not to commit any hostile act whatever, the ships under your command having been fitted out for the sole purpose of aiding those engaged hi scientific discoveries, and it being the established practice of all civilised nations to consider vessels so employed as exempt from the operations of war. " I am, air, your most humble servant, " B. OSBORNE." In reply to the Deputy-Judge Advocate, Sir E. Belcher said be had no witnesses to call. The court was then cleared, and in about an hour and a half was re-opened. The Deputy-Judge Advocate then read the finding of the court, which was to the following effect :—The court is of opinion that the abandonment of H.M.S. Investi gator was directed by Captain Kellett, who wag justified in giving such orders. The court is further of opinion that from the great' confidence reposed in Captain Sir Edward Belcher by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, and the ample discretionary powers given to him, he was authorised, and did not act beyond his powerr, in abandoning the Assistance and her tender, the Pioneer ; and in authorising the abandonment of the Resolute and her tender, the Intrepid. AlthoUgh circunr tances had permitted, it would have been advisa ble that he should have consulted with Captain Kellett previously. And the court adjudges the said Sir Edward Belcher to be acquitted, and he is hereby acquitted ac cordingly. The President then restored Sir E. Belcher his sword, but without making any observation, and the court broke up. THE BALTIC. The French ship of the line La Tage, and the corvette Licorne, arrived and anchored in the Downs at seven a.tn. yesterday. La Tags; accompanied by Cocyte, steamer, proceeded for Cherbourg at 10.45 a.m. AIISCELLANEOUS. A court•martial will shortly be holden on Mr. West, the assistant Surgeon of the Rolla, at Portsmouth. Sprightly, tender to Victory, Master Commander Allen, baying a party of engineering officers on board, went down yesterday morning to inspect the defences at the entrance of the Needles passage. The following is an extract from a letter dated Con stantine Bay, September 26, 1854. The writer is a non commissioned officer of the Royal Artillery, who went to the East in one of the recently despatched transports. He says, " I was never landed after leaving Woolwich until I arrived at Eupatoria, where the artillery were put on shore, with the non-commissioned officers who had volunteered for service in the commissariat depart ment, so that I just landed in time for the thick of it." The account he gives of the battle of Alma agrees with those which have already appeared. He adds, "All I want at present is soap and tobacco, for I have not had a wash during the last five days. No wonder the cholera is amongst us. I suppoi.e you have heard that Sergeant Cook died of cholera at Varna. I picked up an old chew of tobacco this morning, and had a splendid smoke, but I expect plenty tomorrow, as we have just been ordered to strike tents—it is supposed, to make a dash at Sebastopol." MILITARY. DUBLIN, OCT. 19.—The Evening Post says :—"We understand that orders have been received for drafts of the 30th, 33d, 49th, 60th, and 68th Regiments to pro ceed this day (Thursday) from Fermoy to Cork, and to embark on Friday and Saturday, on board the Jura steamer at Queenstown, and proceed at once to the Crimea." GALWAY, Oct. 18.—The third dvision, No. 8 com pany 40th Regiment, under command of Lieutenant Fitzsimons, arrived here to-day, at three o'clock p.m., from Limerick. The last division leaves Limerick on Friday next for Galway. MILITIA. The following regulations, it is said, will be carried out in the Irish militia " All old captains and subalterns in the Irish militia are to retire, but are to have the privilege of retaining their regimental rank and of wearing their uniform. " Lieutenants and ensigns who served in the militia when they were last embodied, and have been receiving half-pay, are to have the same continued to them on their retiring. " No captains or subalterns to be appointed in future who are not active youg men. " Adjutants of militia regiments are not to be more than thiity-six years of age, and must have served in the army for some. years." - TRIAL TRIP OF THE STEAM-SHIP PACIFIC. The Pacific steam-vessel, launched on the 25th ult. at Millwall, and guaranteed by the constructors to attain a speed of 16 statute miles an hour, has since been tried, both in the open sea and at .the measured mile, and the following is the report of Captain Thompson, her commander, who tried the vessel on. behalf' of him self and owners : • First trial at sea'under steam alone, distance from headland to headland named in nautical miles :—Ar rived at the North Foreland at 3.37, and made the South Foreland at 4.47, a distance of 17 miles, in one hour and ten minutes, against tide running at the rate of 2t knots per hour, giving an average speed of 141 knots, the engines making 25 revolutions, per minute, with a pressure of 161bs. to the square inch of the boilers, and a consumption of 32 cwt. of coals per hour. Arrived at Dungeness at 6.22, or a distance of 21 miles from the South Foreland, in 1 hour and 25 minutes, against the tide running 2 knots per hour, increasing her speed to 14 / knots , and m akin g the number of revo lutions 24/ per minute, the pressure being 161bs. the square inch-of the boilers, and the consumption of coals 32 cwt. per hour. Arrived at Beachy Head at 8.35, or a distance of 31 miles from Dungeness, in 2 hours and 13 minutes, with the tide in favour at the rate of 1 knot an hour, making an average speed of 14 knots, with 26 revolutions per minute, a pressure of 19Ibs. to the square inch, and consumPtion of 32 cwt. of coals per hour. Arrived at the Overs light-vessel at 11.0, or a distance of 36 miles from Beachy Head, in 2 hours 25 minutes, with the tide running against at the rate of 2 knots per hour, the revolutions being 25/ per minute, with a pressure of 181bs. to the square inch, and a con samption of 32 cwt. of coals per hour. Second trial at the measured mile in Stoke's Bay.— The first mile run in 4 min. 30 seeds. ; second, in 4.10 ; third, in 4.23; fourth, in 4.8; fifth, 4.19; sixth, 4.3; the two latter runs giving a speed of 14.34 knots or 16.51 statute miles per hour, and the mean average speed of the six runs was 14.11 knots or 16.24 statute miles per hour. Third trial for economy of fuel, with two boilers only, working expansively, engines with half steam.—Started from Beighten a t 5.30 a.m., and arrived at the Tongue light-vessel at 6.47 p.m., making a distance of 89 miles in 13 hours 17 min., making 15 revolutions per minute, with half steam, and 12Ibs. pressure on the square inch, consumiug 12 cwt. of coals per hour, or 14 tons 8 cwt. per day. From these data it . will be seen that both at sea and at the measured mile the speed of the Pacific has exceeded the contract speed, and that she is consequently the fastest ocean steamer now afloat. Her exact tonnage, a s mea sured by the Custom -house officers, is 1,469 2892-3500 t o ns, and the nomi nal p ower of her en g ines is 500 hor s e over, she has evi dentl y g reater s p eed in proportion to _,..~ THE AUST.RIAN SORBW FRIGATE RADETSKY. This splendid screw steam-fri:Tate, built by Messrs. Wigrarn, left Greenbithe yesterday morning fur Trieste. 'The crew attached to this vessel consists of 200 men and 24 officers, and are under the command of Captain Josef JuliOs Schmidt. It may not be uninteresting; to state bow the crew of this vessel is composed. In the first place, the captain is a German gentleman of great affluence, and has been 35 years in the service, for, besides serving on the seas, he is colonel in the Austrian army on land, and wears two crosses, showing that he has done some service for his country. The crew is composed of an equal number of Au.trians, Italians, and Illyrians. The system em ployed in selecting them in that country is by lot, with out distinction to rank or fortune, so that the present ship's company consists of—even the common sailors— members of families of high distinction. Those who are drawn for tare obliged to continue for four years in the service, after which they are allowed to return or continue as volunteers in the same service. The effect of this is that although a strict discipline is maintained among the crew and officers, the most friendly feeling exists between both. The vessel is fitted up with all the recent improve ments, and the engines were manufactured by Messrs. Mandslay, of Lambeth. The cabins and saloons of the vessel are most gorgeously fitted up and appointed, an d are, in point of elegance, equal to any s hi p that has ever left the port of London. It having been ordered that a set of the patent fire annihilating machines should be placed in the ship incase of the outbreak of fire during the voyage, it appears a private trial of the machines took place at Erith previous to the vessel taking her departure, principally for in structing the crew in applying the machines in case of an accident by fire occurring, The trial took place in the experimental grounds of the Annihilator Company, near the railway station. A tank, 50 feet long and 5 feet wide, was filled with tar and in the presence of , Captain Schmidt, two of his officers, and 12 of the crew, the whole of the inflammable contents of the tank was set on fire. For a second or so, nothing but one im mense volume of black smoke could be seen, which e showed that no small body of fire was be n eath. In less than a minute a huge sheet of flame rose through the smoke considerably higher than any housetop in the o n which to hisap shriepd, to appeared every one as e t°n r ishth appearede " Ptain naneidghabllouwrhhooobl,el ge to doubt that the machines, however powerful, would be able to subdue so vast a body of fire. The firemen be. longing to the Annihilator Company went forward with a single machine, and instantaneously discharged the vapour upon the flames, and at once extinguished them. The tar was relighted, when the flame rose as high as before, when two machines were used, handled by one of the sailors and an engineer, under the direction of the company's men, and the flame was quickly subdued. The fire was lighted a third time, and the crew of the ship, by means of a single machine, extinguished the flames in as brief a space as on the first occasion. At the conclusion of the experiments, Capt. Schmidt expressed to Mr. Curtis, the secretary of the company , his thanks for the trouble he had taken, and in conclu sion remarked that he shoull never fear having the corn t mand of any vessel at sea, even if on fire, with such powerful appliances at hand. THE CLIPPER-SHIP RED JACKET. Much interest and curiosity were manifested last May, it wig be remembered, as to the relative sailing merits of the clipper-ships Red Jacket and Lightning, and ' numerous wagers were made by the friends of the re spective "crack " ships, that they would go out in less than 70 days. The Red Jacket has performed her task admirably, having arrived at her anchor age at Mtlbourne in 69 days 11 tours and 15 minutes. of which she was under sail only 67 days 13 hours, and we feel assured that the homeward passage would have been made in the same, or even less time, had she not, unfortunately, fallen .in with large masses of ice off - Cepa Horn, which materially interfered with her progress. The qualities of the Lightning have yet to be ascertained, her run out not offer ing a fair comparison, ' and we feel confident . that' she will recover her prestige for speed on the trip home. A brief review of the log of the Red Jacket may not prove uninteresting to our nautical readers. The Red Jacket left the 31.easevon the 4th of May, tat one p.m., in tow 'off a.: steaMetug, which asccoroplineed her as Ihr as the Old - Heada-- of Kinsale, when- she cast ~f r, and all sail was put on the versal, the wind blowing strong ; from the 9th of May to the atone time the ensuing month easterly winds generally prevailed, the weather being sultry and , calm ; on the 10th' of June the wind veered round -to the southward and westward, fresh breeze, which continued until the 19th, when it again changed to the eastward, with light and moderate weather, which con tinued until the 25th, when the weather, which had hitherto been very agreeable and fine, became the reverse, the wind being strong from the N.W., with alternately rain, hail, and sleet, the fore part of the ship at one time, on the 29th of June, being covered With ice, and the thermometer at 19 degrees, with very strong gales, wind strong, and heavy squalls ; from the 3d of July to the 12th, N.N.W. winds were encountered, the ship during that time making wonderful progress, ave raging about 350 miles per diem ; at 10.50 p.m., on the 12th, King's Island was made, and at 10.50 a.m., on the 13th she crossed the bar in charge of Captain Reed, thereboing no pilots out, though he obtained one shortly afterwards inside the heads, ar d at 12.25 p.m. came to an anchor. From the time the steam tug left her until noon on the 12th, she ran 1507 miles, average 150 2.10; during the ensuing ten days, namely, to the 22d, she made 1,619 miles, average 161 9-10 ; from the 23d May to the sth June she accomplished 1,677 miles, average 167 7-10; from the 6th to the 15th June 1,809 miles, average 180 9-10; from the 16th to the 25th 2,236 miles, average 223 6-10 ; from the 26th June to the sth July, she ran 2,662 miles, average 266 2.10 ; and from the 6th of July until the 12th, 2,285 miles, average 326 3.7 miles. pu the 3d of July she ran 312 miles during the 24 hours ; 4th, 300 miles ; sth, 28S miles ; 6th, 400 miles ; 7th, 299 miles ; Btb, 350 miles ; 9th, 357 miles; 10th, 334 miles ; 11th, 2545ana., iul,eys e;satenrddsoyn, tphaessisel,etv24dhe3t seventh, :eh. thm, Holy head, y17re.d.4:7 covered 300 miles ; the passage .from the Rock Light house to Port Philip Heads having occupied the brief space of 69 days, 11 hours, and 15 minutes, sail being • on the ship only 67 days, 13 hours. The total dis tance logged was 13,880 miles, which gives an average of 205/ miles per day during the whole of the passage. From 17.45 E. to Port Philip Heads, a distance of 5,579 miles, she was only 19 days, 15 hours, giving an average per diem of 2841 miles. The above astonish ing passage is, beyond doubt, the speediest ever made between this country and the Antipodes, and exalts the Red Jacket to the first place on the list of clipper-ships sailing between this country and Australia. On the homeward trip the Red Jacket has again eclipsed everyt'uing, though scarcely equalling her run out, which may be easily accounted for in this manner— having lost some time in the ice, and being compelled to shorten sail and heave to to insure her safety. She weighed at anchor at 1 p.m. on the let of August, and at 1 45 p.m. was towed from Hobson's Bay by the steamers 'Washington and Hercules, in charge of a pilot, but came to anchor again at 6 p.m. above the lightship, where she remained until 6 a m. on the 2d, when she again tripped anchor and proceeded ; crossed the bar at 10.30 a.m., and discharged steamer and pilot at 11.30 a.m., set all sail, and passed between Custis Island and Kent's Group ; and at 3.30 a m. en the 3d, was clear of all, with a stiff south-west breeze. From that time until the 17th, she encountered variable weather, with southerly and westerly winds, and hail, snow, and sleet ; at 11 a.m. on the 18th saw a large island, about three miles and a-half long, high in the centre, and gra dually sloping to the east and west ends, covered with snow, and, from its formation and the absence of ice islands, concluded it was land ; during the ensuing six days had fresh and steady north-west winds, the ship carrying all sail ; on the 24th, at 5 a.m., fell in with closely packed field of ice, and, after great diffi culty, got through at' noon, with considerable damage to stem and copper ; at 7.40.p.m. next day she again fell in with the ice, and hove to for daylight, and at 11 a.m. on the 26th cleared it ;at 9 p.m. same day short- • ened sail, and proceeded under easy canvas, with every • indication of ice; at 7 a.m. on the 27th fell in with large masses of broken icebergs, and cleared them at 11 a.m. ; at 8 p.m. same day shortened sail for ,the night, in the course of which and 'following day passed a large number of icebergs ; from that time up to the 15th of Septembersic:instibiE,lout,i continuing, :dexperienced g eenebl.a-11. 7 fresh winds, ship carrying all sail from witht.l calms, of September the wind was vatiablea, the 22d the the ship making very poor progress ; o -wereh h‘.iluldi noi ib,nvtpiatrihno veade dcah,aecaehrniddnagywf .tticffi 1 atsiN, e. li.9.E.chvih.enrabsestretezte;ehz aeboyenift,oitlterdhrt fortunately ala3tutalthlbtyes . with clear weather, following el;s, e wind ()um passed"a..l.lnng.,dy several p tehceas a' i Lriv'el bore N.. . light , aanndd S took.NV.. ;p pilot t on board 3760 ff 0 rtn he ad at 8 a.m. Her greatest distance run was miles on the 14th of August, with a stiff W.N.W.W gale and high sea, and lowest on the 18th of September, when she only logged 31 miles. During the first seven days she ran 1,61 S miles, thus averaging 221 I.7th miles per diemL 3; miles, second, average2,j7l miles,2s 4 5-a7v2teh2la; g 1e.73t1h0; fourth,l B,ooasverarailgees,2a3v7e6rag76_,,' average 205 3.7 th ; fisafihetr,halg;l,e6ll.sl eighth,s mile from Port Philip Heads to:tehe ' n 1 ,i 321 sixth,:l2 '4lB.7st'eh6ra; miles, g eanvi miles,ule:roha67 49 RagovecekraLgeighlt:h6a;ditsetanutho: until her arrival, ei.47ml29illessativtehra; and from Friday last of 14,863 miles, was thus made in 7232/ average of 202 • i miles per day. From the Heads to Cape Horn, 5,572 miles, the run only occupied 21 days, averaging 265/ miles per day ; and from the Heads 6ray'rs, geivpiansgsnane to this side of the Equator, 10,243 miles, 42 days, an average of 244 miles. The Red Jacket circumnavi gated the globe in 62 days 22 hours • thus, on June 11, she was in long. 26 25 W., and on September 2, at noon, attained the long, of 26 W., having run, by observation, the total distance of 15,991 miles, and averaging fully 01 knots per hour, or 253 miles per day. LIVUT. 1 2EART OF THE46 -:- T11:--- - A. petition, entrusted to Mr. J. H. Parrett, of 1, King-street, Dover, is now in course of signature here, having for its object a memo rialising of the Queen that the whole of the proceeding* c o o f n t i i i i e a c t te o d fli w ce i r th o th h e is cou r t-martial lortue r u posi tio o n n . L wr iee e t o . b P s e arv rry . I m h a a r t be laid before the judges, with a view to the restoration the names of the Mayor of Dover and two of the magis trates are attached to the petition, and we are reminded that Thursday next is the day memorial, so that those concurring in the step must axed for despatching the avail themselves of- an early opportunity of attaching their signatures.—Dorcr Telegraph. THE HORRORS OF WAR. Do you speak that from positive knowledge as to the allowance, sad are ycu sure that such information was given me by Captain Kellett believe the ration was 11b. a day. Mr. W. H. Richards sworn—Were you clerk in charge of the Resolute I—l was. Were you with her at the time she was abandoned ? —Yes. What quantity of provisions had you in her and the Intrepid?—We had on board provisions to last fifty men until August, 1855, except preserved meats, of which, previous to receiving orders to abandon the ship, we should have required about 750 lbs. from the depot at Dealy Island to have completed us to that time. We should also have required 100Ibs of tea. On abandoning the ship there were no preserved meats: left on board. There were also several' articles not generally used on board the ship. Whit sort of articles ?—Fruits, dried apple; a quan- such should likewise be your opinion, after mature eon , sideration with the senior officers under your command, there appears nu other course left but to abandon all further search. "3. But in case you should have found any trace of the expedition, it will be your duty to follow up that trace. In doing this you must exercise extreme caution, so as not to lose your means of communication with Beechy Island ; nor are you to incur any hopeless risk by proceeding beyond reasonable limits, for the safety of your crews must be your first care. 'We place every con fidence in your zeal and intelligence, and feel assured that you will act with sound judgment in whatever situ ation you may be placed. 'We therefore leave it to von either to abandon the expedition altogether if you are of opinion that no further steps can be practicably taken, or to send such of the ships to England as you may not require, transmitting by them to our secretary, not only a fell account of all your proceedings, but charts of all your discoveries, and keeping us informed of your views and intentions, so that if it should be necessary every requisite aid may be given you in the summer of 1854. " 4. Before your final departure from the Polar Seas, should you think proper to adopt that course, there ap pears one very impontant subject which will require your serious consideration ; and that is, the present position of the ships under the command of Captain Collinson and Commander M'Clure, which entered the ice to the northeast of Point Barrow (Behring Straits), the latter in August, 1850, and the former in July, 1851. These officers, with their respective crews, may have been coin pelied by circumstances to abandon their ships. If such should be the case, they may probably attempt to reach Melville Island, and having had this in view when you left England, we directed in your instructions that a de pot of provisions and other stores should be formed at that island. From this position they will no doubt en deavour to make - their way to Beechy Island or Port Leo pold. It will therefore be your duty before returning to England to be fully satisfied that a proper depot of coals, provisions, &c., had been formed at Melville Island by Captain Kellett, and that clear information had also been left there that similar supplies would be found at Beechey Island. " 5. This depot on Beecbey Island is to consist of a full store of coal, provisions, clothes, and other stores, and you will take care to have it most carefully secured against the depredations of bears or other animals ; you are also to leave one of your ships there, with or with out a crew, as you may deem most advisable, so that Captain Collinson or Commander M'Clure's party may find every possible assistance which they may require, and have the means at their command of returning to England ' • but should you find it, practicable to place the ship or a depot of stores, in a more advanced position, between Melville Bay and Beechy Island, it might be expedient to do so. This is a point on which you can fore/ a better judgment than we can. Our most anxious wish is to establish the best possible arrangement with the view of giving succour and support to the crews of those ships, should they be compelled to seek refuge in the direction we have pointed out. "6. Having expressed these general views, which will require your careful consideration, we leave it to you to take such steps as you may consider most expe dient for meeting the circumstances of the case." The following document, which was read by Sir E. Belcher, contains the latest instruction which he re ceived from the Admiralty • " Admiralty, April 28, 1854. "Sir,—My Lords CommisSioners of the Admiralty have directed her:Majesty's ships Phoenix and Talbot, under the orders of Captain Inglefield, to proceed with provisions and stores to Beeohy Wand, for the purpose of replenishing the ships and depots ; and lam com missioned by their lordships to acquaint you that on the return of the Phoenix from Beechy Island last year, they had the satisfaction of hearing of the safe arrival of her Majesty's ship Investigator, under the command 'of Captain M'Clure, at Banks Land, having completed the discovery of the north : west pas sage, though, . unhappily, without discovering traces of Sir John Franklin, and that part of the crew had been enabled to reach Captain Kellett's station at Melville Island. By despatches which they received from Behring's Straits they have information that in August, 1851, Captain Collinson, in her Majesty's ship Enter prise, passed the entrance of the Colville river ; and their lordships trust by the reports he may have obtained from the natives of Prince Albert's Land, as well as from the records deposited by Captain M'Clure on his passage along that ahore, that he may also have been enabled to reach some harbour on Banks Land, whence he has made known his position either to Captain M'Clure or Captain Kellett. • "Their lordships have desired me to direct your spe cial attention to the measures they now require to be adopted at once for withdrawing, if possible, the whole of the force now employed in the search of Sir J. Frank lin, from the Polar seas ; for effecting this object they refrain from issuing any positive instructions how you are to act, or what steps you are to take, as they are aware you must be entirely guided by the position of the ships, and these varying circumstances which in that region must influence our operations ; but 'their lord ships' views may be stated generally as follows : "If the crews of the Enterprise arid Investigator are at Banks Land they must abandorethelr ships, and every endeavour should be made to get them to Beechy Island, that they may return to England. If this has already been effected, and Capt. Kellett, with his ships had returned from Melville Island, you are immediately to proceed to England with the whole of the ships and their crows, abandoning all further search for the missing expedition, unless any circumstances (on consultation with the senior officers of her Majesty's ships) should induce you to be lieve that your remaining out another year would tend to clear up the fate of our missing countrymen. But if Captain Kellett has been unable to move from his posi tion at Melville Island, it may be necessary to give orders to hini to abandon the Resolute and Intrepid, and secure his retreat to Beechey Island ; but as this cannot be accomplished this year, you need not detain any officers or men. Who may have already reached Beechey Island, but send them to England forthwith. "2. Should no tidings have been heard of Captain Collinson in her Majesty's ship Enterprise, it becomes absolutely necessary to provide for her safety. For this purpose the Melville Island depot must be replenished with provisions and stores ; and it will be necessary for a ship and steam tender to remain there, also the North Star, o r Talbot, with a tender , at Beeche y Island, an: at those stations everything which can add to the health and comfort of the crews should be deposited ; and, having done this, it does riot appear to their lord ships to be necessary that anyof the ships should remain another year in the Polar Sea, unless, as before stated, you consider further searc h p rudent and necessary. "These are the views of their lordships, their great object being to recal, with the least possible delay, the whole of the ships or crews named in the margin (As sistance, Pioneer, Resolute, Intrepid, Enterprise, In vestigator, North Star, Phoenix, Talbot), if it can be done ; if possible to do so, they leave it to your judg ment and discretion to send home such of them as may not be required, and to adopt those measures which you consider most necessary to insure the safety of Captain Collinson and his crew, and their speedy return to Eng land. This, their lordships are aware, must depend on the information you may have received from Melville Island, the position of the respective ships under your orders, the state of the depots, &c. ; alt them' lordships can do is to confide in your judgment, and they autho rise you to take such steps, and give such orders, and to make such exchange of officers and men as you may deem necessary for carrying their wishes into effect. "They trust, however, - Captain Collinson is safe ; and if so it will be a source of much satisfaction to them if during the approaching autumn the whole of our ships and crews shall arrive in England. "On the return of any of the ships to England from Beechey Island, it is desirable that the coast to the southward of Ponds' Bay, namely, from the river Clyde The further particulars tilt have reached us of the Battle of the Alma, the march across the promontory, and the operations of Balaklava, will be read with in terest even by those whose attention is fixed on the walls of Sebastopol. The details will paia and they will amuse, but, besides these conflicting impressions, if we mistake not, they will excite another, and that is a sort of surprise. The narrative is, indeed, as strange and as full of incident as the story of any war' we ever read, however dressed up by historians or novelists. But there is one illusion which the columns before us utterly dispet. Of late years there has been a growing belief that, should war unhappily return,—and even that was doubted,—it would not visit us in the rude guise under which it has ever been known to our ancestors. There was so much progress and improvement in every thing, in the science of war, in the comforts of the sol dier, in all kinds of mechanical inventions, in the mutual courtesy of nations, and everything else, that people fancied battles would be fought as cleanly and as smoothly as a game of ches's or a sham fight on Wool wich common. The only difficulty was to see how war would be decided in future. Some thought it would be an affair of tactic; others that it would be a question of rifles, and there have not been wanting those who feared that in the universal diffusion of science and inanufac- tures the hardy habits of the less civilised nation might turn the scale against those bred in comparative comfort and ease. These speculations are disposed of for the present. War has reappeared—war between civilised, scientific, mechanical nations— between States that have immense war establishments, national debts, and all the rest of it. And war turns out to be just the same as ever—the same uncouth, disagreeable, savage, in human thing, that it ever was since the beginning of history. It is still reckless, malicious, wanton, and absolutely envious of happiness and peace ; it still produces the most miserable scenes, the wildest adventures, the most perilous situations, the most horrid calamities, and those large masses of misery that men had thought too vast and too hideous for these snug and quiet times. We knew what the expedition. to the Crimea was to be—we know what it has been so far, if, indeed, we do know the worst. Putting aside the question of substantial success and the glory that attends it, and looking only to the manner and circumstance of the affair, what a difference between the anticipation and the fact ! Quantum mutatus ab illo Rectors we may say. How splendid the warrior as he buckled on his harness ! How gory, how dusty, how pallid he re- turns from the fight I Not to go further back, take the expedition as it arrives off the coast of the Crimea. The soldiers and sailors are falling by scores under the stroke of an inscrutable pest. The army lands, and, after all our rehearsals at Chobham, it bivouacs in the mud and in rain. For several days it suffers an actual plague of thirst. Then comes the march, on the very first day of which baggage is sacrificed and the rear is left behind. At last comes the battle, taralz to those who had expected it, though only the beginning of the end. It is no paper fight. The carnage, confusion, feats of daring, the collision of thousands with thousands, the medley of the victors and the vanquished are those of the old battles. Then, after a night of triumph and horrid suffering, the sun rises on thousands groaning, writhing, and in worse agonies of thirst, over the bloody field. The writer, himself wracked with fever, describes the melancholy burying of the dead, and the slow pro cession of the wounded, borne on the shoulders of the survivors, or the rude carts of the country, to the dis tant shore. One by one they die on the field, on the journey, on the beach, in the boats, on board the float ing hospitals. They that escaped the battle, and were its most conspicuous heroes, do not escape 'the pest. One by one they, too, fall. The march is renewed is the doubtful morning twilight. On the one bide is heard the solemn hymn of triumph, raised by the victors from the heights they had gained, and on the other side, stretched over the field, is seen a dark mass, half living, half dead. They are the Russian wounded left behind, and in the midst of then., like " the last man," a solitary surgeon, left to do what he could with that world of misery, his only hope of success, and even of his own life, being the chance that his mission would bo under stood and recognised by the rude enemy certain sees to surround him. Follow the advancing columns. Few comforts and little rest have they gained by their victory. They suffer in rapid succession the burning sun, the nightly chill, and the morning dew. They enter vil lages and find desolation, for the Cossacks have been before them. What is spared they lay waste them selves, as it were, in rivalry. Surprised to find splendid mansions, furnished with every elegance and luxury, in a country which they had heard was a pestilential desert, they admire and destroy. Weary and thirsty, they rush into gardens, orchards, and vine yards, and devour till they sicken and die. The scene in which Englishmen act this part is just such as we should witness if our enemies should find themselves in the suburbs of this metropolis. In this mirror we see what we should have to endure. But to proceed. In this well-appointed army we have a day's work of seven: teen hours, a night march in which whole regiments lost their way. Even in the day a portion of the army finds itself almost within the fire of Sebastopol, and the Com mander-in-Chief with his staff comes suddenly on a numerous Russian division, which, fancying itself sur prised, flies, and is routed with slaughter and loss of bag gage. Then the scene changes to the quiet landlocked bay, or " mountain tarn" of Balaklava, filled with huge ships, got there no one knows how, delivering ponde rous cannon and mountains of shot. But still the pur suing, indefatigable pest. It attacks new regiments, and does not cease the work of death in the pauses of the campaign. Has war changed its character! There is not a cir cumstance in these narratives that is not common to all wars, and, unfortunately, all that we read of in our youth, when wars had ceased through all the world, re appears with sad fidelity. It is impossible to restrain the license of soldiery, especially when the foe himself sets the example of destruction. Yet this last is un avoidable, for self-preservation compels a retreating army to leave a desert behind it. A desert it does leave. Germany has not even yet recovered from the effects of the Thirty Years' War and the armies that have passed over the land. War is not a game, nor yet is it like the cheap and easy vengeance of the wealthy against the poor, or the many against the few. It is a work of risk. One thing alone is certain about it, and that is a com munity of danger and hardship. The officer and the private are alike exposed to the bullet and the pest ; and happily'for us, if war is in aft respects unchanged, so also is that courage and endurance, both of officer and. soldier, which have won for us so many triumphs, and on which and on our good cause we may still trust , I fully rely.—Times. td - NEW RAlLWAY.—ripreliminary survey has )eon made, with a view of fixing upon the most eligible course to be taken for a new railway to Finchley, which will open out the country to the north of Highgate for the purpose of building residence& for persons engaged in , business in town. It is proposed that the line shall commence at the Highbury station of the North Lon don Railway, and proceed in a western diiection till it approaches the back of the Mod el Prison, when it will turn to the right, and proceed along the back of the Holloway-road till it reaches Highgate, when it will pass underneath the hill by a tunnel near to the junction of Maiden-lane and Hornsey-lane, and procd on to Finehley, where it will terminate in the first instance near to the Bald Faced Stag, but it is intended ulti mately to continue it further. THE PENINSULAR AND ORIENTAL COMPANY. This Company have now four steamers engaged on the Peninsular line, four on the Southampton and Alexan drian line, two on the Marseilles and Ma lta line,siion the Calcutta and Suez line, seve n on the Bombay and China line, four on the Calcutta and China line, two on the Singapore and Austral s i s a v n ,eh lin s e t , or f e ou a r n o d n c t o h a e l China g o ' vernment transport serv i ce t o l a o n c d a l fi s v e e rv en i service, a t e w d o in bu t i h l e di G n and from the Crimea. The Himalaya is still enumerated i n the publishe v d er i n i m stso t. f the company's "lalPan Y stated in those lists that s h e as been purchased by her ' t. l e a a i m es e tY r Had 's Go Government. has been converted p i n a t d o d a l e- s w ai li ti e n e! ° ship, and the paddle-wheel stea mer S u lt an i s b e i t t con vented into a s crew steamer. compan'sy,se hi p r ' : ' but it is h