The Sun. — London, England, 1863-10-05 00:00:00

THE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA, (From the Correspondent of the Times.) NEW YORK, Sept. 22. The vague sense of impending calamity which has Etisted in men's minds for the last week has been justified by events. The long lane of Northern good fortune has had its turning, and the South seems as if it were about to retrieve its recent reverses and emerge from the discouraging, but never hopeless condition in which it had been placed since the failure of Gen. Lee's expedition to Pennsylvania and the capture of Vicksburg and Port Hudson. Ever confident of success, filled with conceit, afflicted with the mania of meddlesomeness, the Government at - Washington has attempted to do too much at once, and has frittered away the Federal forces in remote and unconnected expeditions with the hope of striking a series of simultaneous blows against the South and ending the war before the winter. The results are not hopeful. The Texan expedition, ltom which so much was expected, has ended in a humiliating defeat in the Sabine Pass; the siege of Charleston has come to a standstill for want of ac cord between the military and naval commanders ; Fort Sumter, hastily but effectively repaired, still floats the Confederate flag and defies Gen. Gilmore to capture it ; and the Federals, without the power to destroy or ruin the gauntlets of the forts that de fend the brave littl e c i ty, h esitate to destro y it by Greek fire and g uns at l ong range, lest the indigna tion certain to be exc i ted i n Europe b y the bacboanrifte. y of the act should b e o f greater va l ue the derate cause th an a victory b y Genor, relieved rd . : The inhabita n t s o f the Mississippi t ; a uregard. b of the pres ence o f G en. Grant , have not on ly plucked up courage t o prevent t h e nav'gl.tion of the river Confederate force Gn. by Feder a l vesse l s, but of 15,000 men , un d e r aided bj a aylor, are believed to have s e i ze d u p o n the e i m portant position of Grand GILL?, and t o be busily engaged in converting it into And, worst of all, Gen. Bragg, after a v a second Vieltsb m asterlyurg e vacuation of Chatta n°o4B, has i mme nse reinforcements from Mobile, Richmond, receive d and other quarters, and enticed the unsuspectin r ose ncranz to follow him towards Lafayette an d l ‘ ton. Rosencranz appears to have b e li eve d the stories which were currently reported b y h i s s pies and scouts that the army of Bragg was „idly melting away and utterly demoralised. His fir'st' contact with that army on Saturday last has va infalle , undeceived him. The battle that occurred itepears from the meagre accounts which 'eve up to this ' time been received to have been as obstinate as those of Antietam or Gettysburg, to have been attended with almost as much slaughter, and to have left both armies in a position either to offer or to accept battle on the following morning. But on Sunday the results were of no dubious character. The Confederates remained masters of the field, and Rocenranz, overpowered, if not outnumbered, was compelled to retreat into Chattanooga to a wait rein- forcements from General Burnside, who is 200 miles distant, and will probably be cut off in the march. Thus the position of three weeks ago has been re versed, and Rosecraez will either have to make as skilful an evacuation as Bragg or be compelled to surrender. The sensitive money-market has felt the impulse of these disasters, and gold yesterday ad vanced from the 33 per cent. premium of Saturday to 42. To add to the uneasiness of a public that is quite as easily depressed as excited, come rumours from Europe, from Mexico, and from Richmond, all tending to show that the irrepressible and inscrut able Emperor of the French has resolved on the immediate recognition of Southern independence ; that the Archduke Maximilian has accepted the Mexican throne; that an alliance ; effersive and defensive, between France,Mer-ico, and the Southern Confederacy has been agreed upon ; and that Great Britain, though not a party to the project, looks upon it with favour and will not cff,fr it the imee ditnent of the faintest remonstrance. The Republi can party feels had, as they say in America, while the Democrats, rejuicing in everything that throws odiute on the policy and dims the prestige, of the Government sees in all these events the, tr.umph of their own party at the approaching elections, and the certain ejection of the Republicans from power at the next Presidential election. Unfortunately, however, the Donoeratic party is 'without leaders, and one of the most melancholy proofs of the political degeneracy of the Americans is the attitude which it has assumed. It is the strongest party in the country id point of numbers —the weakest in point of civic courage. Its funda mental principles are sound. It stands upon the Constitution of 1787, and is honestly of opinion that such liberty and such reatrictious of liberty as were satisfactory to George Washington and the founders of American independence; are good enough for the men of the present day; yet allows that Con stitution to be annulled in every vital and essential particular by a squad of imbeciles whom it despises, and who are neither able nor fortunate enough to give the poor deluded country the dazzling bribe of military glory to compensate it for the loss of liberty. It is true that some of the more promi nent Democrats make speeches in defence of the rights of the people, and that thousands, and even tens of thousands, congregate to hear and to cheer at the " Buncombe ;" but there the matter ends, and their " resolutions" are words that never ripen into acts. As they do nothing, Mr. Lincoln, his secretaries and his generals, take little h eed of them, except now and then to seize hold of some particularly noisy or otherwise troublesome orator and cart him over the border or shut him up in Fort Lafayette. And as if Mr. :Lincoln were right in imagining that an occasional example of this kind is quite sufficient to keep the tameDernocracy in order, the leaders, if such sheep can be called leaders, take warning from the fate that has befallen the outspoken victim who has been removed from the scen e , and whisper their disappro bation in such mild phraseology that it is impossible for any Government which respects itself to treat it otherwise than with contempt. There is one vital question before the country—the restoration of the Union, or the acknowledgment of Southern indepen dence, and upon that question, though the Demo crats fume at the President and denounce his mea sures, they pretend to be of one mind with their opponents. Under no circumstances will they con sent to a dis Union Peace. "No ! Come the eleventh plague rather than this be ! Let us rather be sunk in the sea ;"—and so they stultify themselves, and degrade what ought to be legitimate and wholesome ° PPosition into mere factiousness and spite. They sa y to the Government in effect :—" The war is a raper and a rightful war; only you do not know "`iv to conduct it. Get cut of office and let us in, Ana le Lao, 'You shall see that we will restore the Union, lon. by your blunder " ing and stupidity are omg lour destroy. Mr. Lincoln cannot, of course:almost to He i s in ota vizat the necessity of political suicide. his full te ," , and will remain in, — not only for he can, eut i": four years, but for another four, if own ruin as 5 ', 3 , 1 " the Democracy to work out their the " rnem e r t l la l Yslvithout troubling himself with knows tol e , uezo °n ate of speeches—which he do him or his / Z: 11411 0d with any bolt that can It is as idle t er - til t " damage time of day for th e 1-) eloocrat s t o cry out at this o Constitutio n as it is,:all4l"' as it was" and the blage of the class in Le e ? W ould be for an assem to pass resolution s i n e avo l t l ir em oihire an d P er thshire or for the dowagers o f the °I the house of Stuart, declare that there was ee se i v nb Y u rg St. Get main to the installation of the Counanont ellaa l b ord in the f or 'Prance but in Tuileries. Facts have killed all tia theeeold preten sions. The Union perished when fired against Fort Sumter, a n d the ex." " gun w as was destroyed when Mr. Ch ase titai issu e d his first greenback. Three stabs have been g i ven to it either of which might have been fatal, b ut wilieh ! in their combined operation have as effectu a lly made an er.d of it as Brutus made of Ceesar. The three were the emission of legal tender paper money, the conscription, and the suspension of the writ of fees not in rebellion no r threat habeas corpus in S c eed with invasion. And first of paper money. The Bih section of the Constitution, which defines the powersbutit no where - of Congress, soya that it shall "coin money," allows it to print or order the print ing •• prem i ses to pay. In the 10th i ti n ce g ti ° o i n . bi:ljeko-wxptesely l'oesids any State to emit bills of credit, or make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts, Already such Democrats as believe that the Constitution is still a valid document declare that all Mr. Chase's issue of greenbacks and legal tender notes are illegal on this ground, and that they not only will bat ought to be repudiated. When peace comes, this is the first great question that will have to be settled, and though Northern politicians affect virtuous indig nation whenever the name of Mr. Jefferson Davis is mentioned in connexion with the repudiation of the State debt of Mississippi, it is evident from the whole tone and temper of the public mind that the repudiation of the enormous war debt alreadyll over in curred will be a highly popular measure l conscience of little opposition from the scruples the North and West, and will not o o f ny meet a with hut will be any considerable number of peopl e, leath at the debt was vehemently supported by th . cleatdy a breach of The conscription was Congress, just by the 12th clause of wrongfully and unconstsit.uutsietonpally contracted. the Constitution. Legislature, has power to raise functions of the , the Bth section of the Ist , article defining the and.but not to make any app.ro a longer period priato that use for and, as if to prove conclusively that t jon support s of moneyarm i armies," ,' than two years ; the framers of that document meant only such a small and moderate army as was sufficient for all purposes until the unhappy day when Mr. Lincoln became President, the 15th clause of the same sec tion provides that in the serious case of insurrection and invasion, when the ordinary army would not suffice for the purpose, Congress should have "power to call for the militia to execute the laws of the Union." Thus, if the Southern people be not a fo reign nation, if they be in insurrectionjand rebellion against the laws of the Union, it was the duty of Congress to call out the militia of the several States, which militia, by the 10th clause, was not to be under the command or control of officers appointed either by Congress or by the President, but by the Governors of the several States. Thusit did not per form its duty, but acted in flagrant violation of it, when it ordered a conscription. Equally positive is the unconstitutionality of the suspension of the writ of habeas corpus. Congress itself has power to suspend it, when in case of re beliion or invasion the public safety may require it; hut even Congress cannot suspend it in States where there is neither rebellion nor invasion. More than this, whatever power Congress itself may exercise, it has no authority for delegating the duty to Mr. Lincoln or any other person. There remains but one other stab to be inflicted upon the dead body of the Censtitution—the abroga tion of State rights. This is the openly avowed and cherished purpose of the administration, which it will certainly effect before the war is many months older, if the Democratic party will permit. That it will permit is highly probable, if not certain. It has no leaders who will assume the post of danger. It has no "pluck." It prates all the day and all the night, and does nothing. Upon the principle that the man who can prevent a murder and will not is as bad as the actual assassin, im p irtial history will have hereafter to record that the Republican party destroyed American liberty while the Democrats looked on, using strong words perhaps, but with their hands behind their backs, afraid to deliver a blow lest they as well as liberty should be struca down in the encounter. Amid all this excitement of home politics, the anti-English feeling continues to be sedulously cul tivated by the leaders of opinion. If there be at this time any Englishman (out of Birmingham or Rochdale] who hates his own country ; who, when England is at war, invariably assert that England is wrong ; who would pull down the Church, ruin the aristocracy, Americanise the Government, esta blish universal suffrage and the ballot, shorten the duration of Parliaments, divide the country into electoral districts, and open the doors of Parlia ment to the election of needy members by the pay ment of members; an Englishman, in short, to whose prejudiced mind all that is British is bad, and all that is American is pre-eminently good— let him come to America and stay in it for three months, miaing all the while with the people. If he do, he will see sights and hear soands that will tend to make him a sadder and a wiser man. And with sentiments such as these, honestly entertained, he could not be otherwise than of a naturally pugnacious disposition, ho would of necessity be exposed to rubs and rebuffs in this country that would sorely try his patience and for bearance, and inflict some severe wounds upon his self-love. In the first place, if he knew anything of his native England and its history, he would find the densest ignorance on the suhkct prevailing in the new land to which he had bent his willing foot steps. He would discover that the prevalent opinion among the Yankee was that the three British Isles were miserable, "God-forsaken" corners of the world, and that if any good existed among them it was to be found in oppressed and " down-trodden" Ireland ; that English society from the highest to the lowest was so rotten and corrupt that it only needed a word and a blow for the Emperor of the French to annex them to the empire, and pension off Queen Victoria with a suitable income, and a wing of the Chateau de Fontainebleau for her residence : that the United States—if such a paltry object were worth the while—could forestall the Emperor of the French at any moment in this praiseworthy design; that Lord Nelson was not worthy to brush the boots of Admiral Farragut ; that the battle of Waterloo was but chiid's play compared with Antietam and Federal armies at this moment Gettysburg; that the contain 50 generals batter than Wellington, and at least half a dozen as good as Napoleon; that the siege of Sebastopol made it evident that England had neither pluck, nor skill, nor money, nor men ; that Great Britain is a "one-horse" nation; that :he English people cannot speak their own language; that every one, from the duke to the caster meager, misplaces the aspirates and talks a jargon that is a mere antiquated provincial dialect, compared with the "well of English undefiled" that flews from the lips of Mr. Charles Sumner and Mr. Henry Ward Beecher; that Englishmen are dull, slow, and with out a particle of energy or enterprise; that English women have invariably large feet and large hands, drink beer for breakfast, and laugh louder than grooms or coachmen; that whenever England and America were at war, England always puts forth her whole strength, had no other wars on hand, and was always ignominiously " whipped ;" that to Americans alone is due the merit of every great and useful invention of the ago; that England does not possess a single hotel fit to lodge an American citizen ; and that, as soon as the great and glorious union between North:and South is restored, Eng land will be converted into a penal settlement for American thieves, and Ireland elevated into a re public, under the presidency of General Corcoran or Mr. Kickham, and the protection of Mr. Abra ham Lincoln. If, disgusted with all this ignorant and conceited bosh, he were to admit once for all that the Americans really knew nothing about England, and were to commence the study of American character, and endeavour to trace the workings of their political system, he would find that he himself had been no ignorant of America as the Americans were of England; that he had to uproot his prejudices, unlearn his polities, dis card his preconceived ideas, and study his new and singular people as he would study a now language. He would find, as he made a little progress in his task, that everything in the character of American institutions which he had been accustom e d to ad mire was a proved evil ; and the absence of an aris tocracy of high rank and ancient lineage was sup plied by a "codfish aristocracy," a "shoddy aristocracy," and an aristocracy of money; that if a State Church were an evil, a Church uncon nected with the State, of which the preachers pan dered to the prejudices and the ignorance of the stowd, and touted for custom like the traders of the street, was au evil at least as great ; that universal suff rage was but another name for universal corrup tion; that the frequency of popular elections pre ventedlawrespectable men from leaving thepursuits of literatureliterature, and commerce to solicit t h e votes Pe for seerec y o ple that the ballot was no secur i ty putable a trae:t politics had become so disre wore 0 ,,, nr0t,_, us that the people could find no man than :',7pulietei;eit..het to bestow upon a public lawyer would coneentatuo;''a that no really eminent of the Supreme Csurt, eajuOge, unless it were where he might hold his position for life, irrespective of the favour of the Su N. LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, OCrOBER 5, 1863, people; the remotest chance of be comin g good President; that the vauntedcommon and great man had education of the people tha t n o rea school sults • that the boys, throw n into trade as led to no practical re soo n as they were 14, forgot thei r sc hool learning in the business of the shop, and were y o as ignorant of the Constitution and history of their country as of every other ; that their course of reading was confined to the newspapers; that the most popalar of these were of the lowest class, and pandered to the most vulgar prejudices; and that the education of the women was as defective as that of the men, and consisted in the largest amount of novel reading, with scarcely a smattering of any kind of useful knowledge. All these things, and many more such, an anti-English Englishman might learn if he had a mind to study them. Whether he afterwards returned to England with correcter no tions both of his own country and America would depend upon the honesty with which he entered into the inquiry, and the capacity of his mind to profit by experience. Certain it is that he would be a very tame and cold-blooded Englishman indeed if he were not goaded into something like patriotism by the insults levelled against his country, by all manner of men, on all manner of occasions,—unless he became a philosopher, and despised a vindictive. ness of hatred which he was unable to account for. London; City of London, Hendry, Liverpool. 27—The Contest, Amy, Liverpool. 30—The Floating Light, Starkie, Liverpool. Sept. 3--The Maldon, Scott, Liver pool. 4—The Glee Maiden, Marshall, Liverpool. s —The British India, Hattrich, Liverpool. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. SPECTATOR.—There seems to be something of a fatality about the appointments of the Whigs, Every now and then they fill up a vacancy in a way which raises publicexpectation very high. " Now,' people say, "estates, degrees, and offices are no longer to be derived corruptly—clear honour is to by purchased only by merit." And then forthwith the NI higs get quietly together and perpetrate a snug little piece of party patronage, which, if it does not quite deserve the ugly name of job, is, nevertheless, sure to be called so by a public which has been stimulated to this inconvenient height of public spirit. We think something of this sort has happened recently. There can be no doubt that Mr. Baron Wilde was appointed to the post of Judge Ordinary because he was thought the best man for the post. He had never sat in Parliament, and though he enjoyed the highest reputation in the profession, he was almost unknown out of it. The vacant post was one which the Attorney- General might haVe accepted, for the Judge Ordi nary takes precedence of the puisne Judges, and no one, therefore, could Lave called it a descent. It is, however, understood that the Chancellor did not so much as offer it to him. This was the perfect purity system. Then it was necessary to fill up the vacancy left by the promotion of Baron Wilde in the Court of Exchequer, and unhappily Lord West bury has not been able to maintain himself on his flying wing at the same lofty elevation above the vulgar assembly and damp soil of Westminster; and consequently in some quarters there is a rather unjust outcry of another Whig job. For six weeks the puisne judgeship has been vacant. During this period it has been more than once offered to the Attorney-General, who had frequently refused a similar post before. At last it is filled up, and at the same moment the Attorney resigns. The reason given is " Of course that is a sufficient reason, and we do not doubt that it is one of his reasons. But when a lower post, which he had con stantly declined, is pressed upon an Attorney who was not so much as offered the higher one, which was vacant only a week or two before, he may not un naturally regard it as a hint that the Government does not value his services very highly. We do not say that this was so, but it looks like it, and we must say that if it was so, there would be some ground for the Attorney-General's dissatisfaction. There was at least as good a chance that ho would have made an adequate Judge Ordinary as that Mr. Sergeant Pigott will make an adequate Baron of the Exchequer; and one does not see why the pub lic might not have run the risk just as well in the one case as the other. If ill health is really the cause of Sir William Atherton's resignation, we can only hope that he may speedily be restored to active life. We have said that the outcry against Ser geant Pigott is a little unjust, but it must be con fessed that at the present moment the Court of Ex chequer is rather in want of a strong judge. The loss of Baron Wilde is a very heavy loss, and his colleagues who remain cannot, fer one reason or another, be considered as rising above the judicial average. Either SERGEANT SHEE or Mr. Mellish would have imparted more strength to the Court ; the latter as being the man who has succeeded to the position which Baron Wilde occupied at the bar —the former because, as we ventured to point out some weeks back, his age, lots position as senior Queen's sergeant, his large practice, and high char acter alike place him at the head of the common-law bar. But the merits of the one are only known to the profession, and those of the other are over balanced by the fact that he is a Roman Catholic. True that he is no Ultramontane, and has more than once shown himself independent of ecclesiasti cal dictation—but Exeter Hall has a loud voice, and mere professional merits cannot be expected to outweigh the influence which Lord Shaftesbury enjoys with the stepfather of his wife. So the dig nity falls to a good Whig, whose family has made Reading a Whig borough, and who always has voted, as his brother before him voted, steadily for the Whigs. But still the truth must be spoken. The appointment of Sergeant Pigott is a fair ave rage appointment. He is in the rank of the Queen's counsel, and has a fair share of business both ou cir cuit and in town. He may fairly be reckoned on to make as good a judge as many of his colleagees e tind it has by no means turned out to be true as a rule that great at vacates always make the best judges. The habit of partizanship is one which it is hard to throw off at an advanced period of life. A colder temper and more impartial judgment have often put good abilities on a level with very superior intellects, at all events, in the discharge of ordinary judicial duties. To politicians, however, the_vaeauey caused by the resignation of the Attorney-General will afford a greater field for speculation. Tout Sir R. Palmer should succeed him is a matter of course, and, in this instance, the ordinary routine promotes the man who, whether as a politician or a lawyer, has the best right to promotion. Once again, the Attorney-General will be, by common consent, the head of the profession. SATURDAY REVIEW.—The tide of success seems to have turned once more in favour of the South. The decisive defeat of Roeeecranz by Bragg threa tens to undo all the work of the Federal armies in Tennessee; and Burnside, far from being able to repair the disaster, appears to have placed his troops in a position from which it may be very diffi cult to move them with safety. It is not to be wondered at that the Northern press should turn against its rulers in the hour of so unexpected and serious a reverse, and should exclaim against the incompetency of those who have thrown away so many of the fruits of the patience and perseverance of the North. The minuteness and infelicity of the interference exercised by the Cabinet of Wash ington is illustrated by the revelation that the abor tive expedition of Gen. Franklin was undertaken by orders from head-quarters, in defiance of tne opinion of Geo. Banks. And certainly the misfor tunes of the Federals do not come singly. On every side and at every point there is success more or less for the Confederates, and some repulse or dis comfiture of their adversaries. The siege of Charleston is said to have been suspended ; and the suspension of the siege, when the advent of au tumnal storms makes every moment precious, is a confession of present failure which will render the ultimate capture of the city far more difficult and tedious, it not impossible. Toe intelligence from the Mississippi is little less discouraging to the North, for not only does the river appear to be closed to commerce by guerillas, but fortified points are again being occupied by the Confederates, and the advance of thepiorthern troops into the country of the Red River on the western side of the Mis sissippi has been checked by two serious defeats. The North will be scarcely less surprised than Europe is to find the Confederates, after all their losses and in spite of the severe strain which a two years' war has placed on their resources and num bers, still springing up at the most remote points of their enormous territories, defiant, viotorious, and in possession of forces which even have the supe riority of numbers over their opponents. Both combatants are fully aware of the importance of the crisis which will arise in the ensuing spring. In May, 1864, the three years' volunteers, forming the greater part of the Federal army, will be en titled to their discharge. The recent draft, though it has brought few conscripts into the ranks, has produced, at an enormous expense, a considerable number of recruits in the character of substitutes; but even if the President succeeded in raising 300,000 men, a newly-enlisted army would be far less efficient than the force which has been trained by two or three years of war. The new levies are, as they arrive in the field, incorporated with the existing regiments, which will consequently once more be reduced to skeletons if the old soldiers claim their discharge in May. Even if the Govern ment devises means of overcoming the difficulty, the Confederates will in the meantime be encouraged to persevere in their resistance, and the lapse of seven months affords ample scope for accidents and changes of fortune. They will certainly not be alarmed by the strange suspension of the habeas corpus through the whole extent of the United States. The expansion or contraction of constitu tional liberties in America concerns foreigners as little as the physical alternations of frost and thaw,; but it may be permitted to remark that a nation which describes itself through a thousand speaking trumpets as the most prosperous and united in the world might be supposed capable of governing itself by some less stringent machinery than the rude contrivance of martial law. The Confede rates, who are more immediately interested in the condition of their implacable enemies, will pro bably conjecture that Mr. Lincoln's proclamation admits the failure of the first draft, and prepares the way for the enforcement of a second. It will be an amusing circumstance if the corporation of New York once more buys off its unwilling con tingent, at a price which can scarcely fail to be in creased by the rising market for substitutes. The republication of Mr. Seward's circular to the consuls once more exemplifies the perverse mistake or misrepresentation which pervades all American speeches and writings. Toe Secretary of State , addressing, through the consuls, the commercial classes of Europe, or rather of England—proposes to convince them that the shortest way to arrive at peace is " to withdraw support and favour front the insurgents, and to leave the adjustment of our domestic controversies exclusively with the people of the United States." As it can hardly be supposed that Mr. Seward hopes to convince the builders of iron ships who may have accepted orders from the Confederates, he must be uuderstood to insinuate that the mercantile body in general has not left the adjustment of American controversies to those whom they properly concern. It is utterly absurd to say that English trailers have had either the will or the polNer to iefinoce in the smallest de gree the fortunes of the American war. To those whom he professes to address, Mr. Seward's advice s simply unmeaning ; but the reflex operation of a Federal opinion may not be equally innocuous. There seems to be no doubt that the universal exul tation which prevails in the North is combined with a vague purpose of quarrelling with England, partly to avenge imaginary offences, and also with an ulterior hope of annexing Canada. Mr. Seward perhaps may not wish, like Mr. Sumner, to infu riate his countrymen by misrepresentation ; but it is unworthy of a statesman to sanction, in formal State papers, a vulgar and dangerous delusion. If it is true that European statesmen have officially predicted the failure of the Northern enterprise, it is intelligible that the Secretary of State should recapitulate for their information the progress of the invading armies; but it is utterly untrue that the insurgents have been enabled to protract their resistance by means of the sympathy or aid which they have received from abroad. In a certain sense, customs: s require the sympathy and aid of dealers. Butchers and bakers render house keeping possible, and ladies are forced to procure their finery from milliners and dressmakers ; but, in the ordinary sense of words, purchased services arc not called aid, nor is there any connection be tween sympathy and selling. The Confederates have not received a gun or a bayonet without pay ing its full value, with an additional percentage to cover the risk of the blockade ; and precisely the same sympathy and aid has been afforded, on a scale tenfold larger, to the Federal Government itself. Mr. Seward cannot seriously believe that the insurgents have derived any benefit from the good-will with which their heroic resistance has been contemplated by a part of the community which, according to Lord Russell's conjecture, is not even a majority. The Government of Rich mond has shown its estimation of official sympathy by withdrawing its diplomatic agent from London —a measure which seems paradoxical if its hopes of success depend on the continuance of the present relations between England and the Confederacy. It is a backward step in civilisation if peace and war are henceforth to depend on words. If freedom of speech is no longer permissible in England, some check ought in common fairness to be imposed on American eloquence. Mr. Sumner's speech alone is nearly as voluminous as all English disquisitions on Secession put together, and it is more wilfully hostile and offensive; yet even his studied malignity suits the popular scheme of dismembering the British Empire. Not a week passes without a written or spoken proposal for the annexation of Canada, and yet the Chairman of the Committee of Foreign Relations thinks that the most urgent duty of the present moment is to stimulate the animosity of his countrymen to England. EXAMINER.—By the end of the present month the term will have expired of the notice given to Denmark, that she must submit to be partitioned, or to take the consequences. It is already known that she accepts the alternative, and prefers inva sion, if it should come, to submission. Throughout the protracted controversy, whose issue thus draws nigh, Denmark has shown a tenacity of purpose, and a degree of moral courage, worthy of her old renown. All Germany has been for fifteen years abusing and bullying her, and threatening to rend from her one of her fairest provinces. The pre tences for such interferences are tao well known to need repetition. That they have been, from first to last, pretences and no wore, has been made apparent to all who have impartial eyes to see, or ears to bear since the concession by the Danish Government of nearly all the local reforms which the Federal Diet declared they must occupy Holstein to effect. The debate on the merits is closed, and nothing remains but the naked question of jurisdiction. About this conflicting jurists; may and probably will wrangle on for ever. But the public opinion of Europe is a court ol modern equity, not of feudal law ; and its decisions are guided by the maxims of common sense, and of practical justice, for the benefit of the parties more immediately concerned, and of their neighbours and dependents, whose well-being is con sequently involved in their fate. There can be no doubt as to the award of this ultimate tribunal. A contingent of Saxon and Hanoverian troops have been ordered to prepare for the occupation of Hol stein. Prussia, formerly so eager in the quarrel, is now in the mood to play marplot, and having lost the initiative teems disposed to lag behind. Austria, on the other hand, declares herself ful'y prepared with such a reserve as must utterly outnumber and overpower any force the Danes can bring into the field. But will they be left to stand alone ? The despatch of Count Manderstrom to the Swedish Ministers in London and Paris, calling the attention of the Western Powers to the imminency of the situation, and proclaiming the unity of the Scan dinavian States in resistance to German aggression, sufficiently answers the question. It is the best set off to the truckling advice treacherously proffered by Russia to the Cabinet of Copenhagen, not to re gard the occupation of the Duchies as a casus belli. It is too palpably the interest of Russia tnat the Government of Denmark should be humiliated in the eyes of its people and in the face of Europe ; that the old spirit of independence should be lowered, and the nerves of its integrity unstrung. Nothing could so effectually prepare the way for the future imposition of her Protectorate ; while nothing could in other respects serve her purposes better than the encampment of an Austro-Hanoverian army beyond the Eider, justifying, as the Court of St. Petersburg would speedily argue, the landing of a corresponding force of Musco vites in Jutland. Russia has long coveted this Naboth's vineyard of the North. The heart of her ambition is sick, until she possesses an Atlantic seaboard. The seizure of Finland was the first stride towards the ocean, the sinister rescue and defence of Denmark would be the next ; but for this Denmark must first be invaded and put in jeopardy. It is a transparent policy which Sweden clearly sees through, and is prompt to countervail. But does it not equally behove other Atlantic States to act with decision in like manner ? Can Holland, France, and England afford to see Denmark made the battle ground of Germany and Russia, or to allow either to force its way by arms to the ocean ? Every mo tive of expediency combines with every considera tion of honour to dictate a peremptory inhibition by them of the threatened inroad into Holstein. In defiance of such a mandate Austria and tier satellite confederates dare not stir. The march of the Saxons and Ilanoverians would be arrested; and the dip lomatic casuists of Vienna and Frankfort would betake themselves for fifteen years longer to their old trade of protocol-spinning. No more than this is requisite, but less than this would be inexcusable. LONDON REVIEW.—It is probable that the President's Emancipation Proclamation has hitherto disappointed the hopes of its friends and its enemies. Those who predicted the horrors of a servile war are equally at fault with those who looked forward to the immediate re-establishment of the Federal Power. The apathy of the slave is, perhaps, justi fied when wo consider the wide-spread belief that the Pro clamation will never be carried out. There are not wanting reasons by which the Federal Government might defend its conduct to itself if the subjugation or capitulation of the Confederate States ehould be followed by the withdrawal of the Proclamation. The doubts as to its legality maybe held by the Supreme Court to be well-founded, in which case it becomes necessarily inoperative. In any case, it may be forcibly contended that the proclamation was issued not as a boon to slaves, but as a penalty upon rebellious slaveholders, and its remission would be simply an act of grace to the latter, involving no breach of faith with the bondsmen. We do not, however, believe that these arguments will prevail. The unprincipled rowdies of New York may be sufficiently shameless to urge their adop tion, but the events of the last three months have shown that the Central Government is strong enough to thwart the will of the Empire City. The Republicans are too much committed to the proclamation to be able to withdraw it, and the Democrats, like the Tories at home, ars powerless, because they have no distinct policy, No restoration of the Union is possible unaccompanied by the liberation of the slaves in the rebellious States. If the result of the contest should be, as is perhaps more likely, the establishment of an independent Southern Confederacy, it is now clear that the limits of such a union will be very circumscribed. Outside it there would be States whose native slaves would be freed through the action of the proclamation, and which would be States of refuge, unvexed by any Fugitive Slave Law, to the slaves escaping from the Confederacy. Although what are euphuistically called the loyal Slave States are not sub ject to the President's proclamation, it is impossible to be lieve that slavery can permanently exist in them after having been abolished in their rebellious sisters. Even the intelligence of a slave will probably detect the hollowness of an argument which pro Yes that he ought to be in thraldom in l‘laryland, whilst his brother ip free in Alabama. But there are more substantial reasons for thinking that slavery is doomed in the Loyal States. A Slave State having a Free State on its border is ruined without the protection of a Fugitive Slave Law, and no ono dreams that such an enact ment can ever be revived. Moreover, the Loyal Slave States are the breeding States, and it is useless to breed slaves when there are no slaveholding planters to whom they may be sold. There can be little doubt that peace would be fol lowed by measures to secure the emancipation of the slaves in all the States under the Federal authority. It is difficult to form any estimate of the number of freed negroes who will be thrown upon the hands of the Federal Govern ment. There is now some talk of raising coloured troops to the extent of 200,000, and of 100,000 more blacks to be employed in operations auxiliary to the main work of the army. If the Federals could succeed in getting such a force, it would represent a very large proportion of the able-bodied slaves in the South. The total number of slaves in the Union may be said to be, in round nutub3rs, four millions, and of these it is probable that three-fourths were resident, at the outset of the war, within the limits of the rebellious States. A total population of three millions represents, according to ordinary data, 900,000 men capable of bearing arms, so that the requirements of the Northam armies demand one out of every three able bodied slaves in the South, To oat sliders such a result seems unattainable, and it would be at once rejected were it not for the confessedly large numbers already employed in attendance on the Federal army. It is clear that refugees thus enrolled in the service of the North will not involve, in attendance upon them, the usual pro portion of women, children, and infirm ; but we might perhaps estimate at 500,000 the number of negroes thrown upon the Federal Government as a direct consequence of services in the field, if the enlistment of negroes should really be carried out upon so large a scale. We know the device by which Mr. Lincoln last year sought to meet the difficulty which ho saw looming in the future. As he looked upon the freed negroes in the district of Columbia, and as he heard by every mail of the contrabands with the army of the Potomac, at Port Royal, and at Vicksburg, he conceived the brilliant notion of exporting every black to some premised land in Central America, The scheme was a more expression of hopeless weakness, lice our oft-men tioned plan of removing the Irish difficulty by a submer sion for a few hours of the Green Island in the Atlantic; but it gave occasion to a speech in which Mr. Lincoln expounded to congregated negroes the unconquerable dislike they aroused in every American breast. Tho cynical frankness of the avowal, and the humorous re quest to the negroes to take themselves off, awoke won dering laughter in England; but the scheme itself, it is needless to add, fell stillborn, and has never since been heard of. The difficulty, however, has since then enormously in creased, and it is not difficult to understand the reasons which actuated the Secretary of War in the beginning of this year, when he appointed a commission of inquiry to examine and report on the pressing question--What was to be done with the freed negroes? The commission appointed by the American Government to examine this question of the freed men may have been wisely chosen, but we confess to having doubts of it when we tee at the head of its three members the name of Mr. Robert Dale 0 wen. Our acquaint ance with that gentleman as the evangelist of Spiritualism fails to satisfy as of his capabilities of investigating evidence and discriminating causes, and can only hope that he had able coadjutors in Mr. James M‘Kaye and Mr. Samuel G. Howe. Their report, which has just been published, 'bating an occasional tendency to American tall talk, is, on the whole, sober and reasonable. It opens with a frank exami nation of the negro's vices ; his lax notions of property, of truth, and of the marriage relation—all, however, springing directly from the slave system of the South; and proceeds to a report on his value as a military labourer. It is on his willingness to work that the future well-being of the negro and the success of any Government organisation on his be half depend ; and the report of the commission is, as far as it goes, very favourable. Major-General Dix, in his evi dence, declared that the military labour furnished by the refugees under him was a full equivalent for the rations and wages which they, their wives, and children received ; and Brigadier-General Saxton, Military Governor of the Department of the South, who had about 18,000 refugees under his care, said, "The coloured people here have been no expense to the Government. They have received a good many articles of clothing from charitable societies at the North; but the balance of credit, I think, is largely in fa vour of the negroes." The work, however, which is thus done under military supervision, would probably differ materially from the work which would be voluntarily ac complished. Our own experience in the West Indian Islands is that, except at Barbadoes, where the population is so great that the negroes must either work or starve, no wages will induce them to do more than procuro the neces saries of life. COUNTRY MARKETS. NOTTINGHAM-SATURDAY. There was a fair quantity of new wheat to-day from the growers, the condition of which was very good. The de mand ruled fair, and prices unaltered. Barley plentiful. —White wheat, from 418 to 468; red wheat, 408 to 433. Barley—malting, 34s to 41s ; grinding, 28s to 31s. Oats old, at 24s to 31s Od ; new, 22s to 265. Beans sold at 38s to 43s per qr. ; new, 38s to 425. THE BOMBAY MAIL. We have received by the Overland Mail advices and papers from Bombay to Sept. 9 and from Cal cutta to August 29. The following from the Bombay Gazette composes all the news by this arrival : The Goyernor-General will'leave Simla on Sept. 25. His excellency will first visit the Rangra valley to see the pro gress of tea-plantiug there. He will then proceed to Peshawur; from Peshawur he will return to Lahore and open the Punjaub Exhibition. The Rifle Brigade from Delhi will form his excellency's escort through the Pun jaub. A large military force is to assemble at Lahore in December next, It will consist of four troops of 11,oyal Horse Artillery, four battalions of Field Artillery, two re giments of British Cavalry (Hussars), four regiments of Native Cavalry, five regiments of British Infantry, six re giments of Native Infantry, head-quarters and Nur com panies of Sappers and Miners. Probable strength 11,020 men in all, with 3,320 horses and 47 guns ; the largest force ever assembled in Upper India in time of peace. It has bean intimated in strong terms to the Rajah of Cashmere and to the sons of the late Dost Mahomed, that their presence is desired in Lahore to meet the Viceroy, when matters of an important nature will be discussed. Mahomed Afzul, ruler of Balkh, has despatched 5,000 men to assist his brother, Mahomed Azim, at Zoodmut, close to the city of Cabul, where Shere Ali has not yet ar rived from Herat. Mahomed Afzul is the driest legitimate eon and true heir of the late Dost Mahomed_ Aziru is the second son by the same mother—Shere Ali is by an o ther wife of the Dost, and is much younger than his step brothers. Afzul is the moot popular with the people, and here Ali with the chiefs. His Ex.ellency the Governor of Bombay laid the founda tion stone of St. Paul's Church, at Poonah, on the 29th Aug• The church is to be a large and elegant structure. Hi s ex cellency has since gone on a visit to Ahraednugger, w here he arrived with his staff on the 2d September, and w here he still is. The reputed Nana Sahib captured at Ajmere arrived at Cawnpore on the 22d of August, whither he was sent by government for examination. The Cawnpore authorities , after hearing and sifting all the evidence and testimonY that could be obtained at Cawnpore and Bhitoor, h iv e de finitively pronounced that the prisoner is not the Nan a Sahib. The council of regency at Oodeypore having failed to administer justice, civil and criminal, th 3 Viceroy and G. - vernor-Geueral, by a proclamati on d ated Simla, August 14, has conferred on the political agent for the time being the full powers of a sessions judge in criminal cases, of super intendent of police, and of commissioner and civil judg e in revenue and civil suits, S uc h powers to be exercise d until the Maharajah is pronounced of age and capable of undertaking the responsibility o f t h e administration of the Meywar state. The proclamtion calls upon the ch i e f s of all the states in Rajpootana to refuse au asylum to Matta Ajeet Sing, executive member of the council of regency , guilty of great atrocities and cruelties, who h as fled from justice. The ship Hahneman, of Liverpool,which arrived in l 3 °' bay the 30th of August, reports having bean fired into a n d boarded by a Confeder a te p r i vateer on the Ist July. After examining the papers of the Hahneman the privateer loft her, in lat. 25.25 S, long. 36,47 W. By a general order, dated Bombay Castle, S e pt, 1, 18 " the following oflliers are permitted to retire from he r ' Ma : i2sty's servic e f rom thi s d ate on the pension of their rank, with the :special annuity o f £2OO , according to the notifica tion in gen era l or d er, No. 358, of the 7th July last ---lt°Y° Artillery : Colon e l J o h n M axwell Glasse, Colonel Croft Wormald, and C o l one l J ohn Pottinger, C. 13. 'Loyal Engineers : Colonel Henry Josh ua M argary an d Colonel Gore Boland M un b ee . Robert The 42d (Royal Highland) Regiment will march f rom Dugshai on the 15th o f N ov., for Lahore, to form a portion of the Viceroy' s escort to the capital of the Punjaub an d t o take a part in th e l arge camp of exercise to be ass embled at Lahore during th e meet i ng of the Imperial Couecil• His Highness Meer Jaffa Allee Kh an Baha"°r' the Nawab of Surat, di e d on F r i day, Aug. 21, 1863. has slightly The health of the t own and island of Bombay improved during the past fortnight. The mortality, how ever, is still above the average of the last d e cade o f years. . OBITUARY — Lieut. Bute, 3d Light Cavalry, a t liemptee Lieut S. Simpson, C omm i ssariat Department, at Madras , ; Major C. F. Kelly, 18 t h R oyal Irish at Secundera bad ; Ensign Rolfe, her M a j es t y ' s 91st Re rim ' ent at Jubbulpore ; Major J. R. Wil son , Pension Establishment,, fiydrabad Contingent, at Burgee, 14 m i les from Juhbulpor°' COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENC. (From the limes of India.) Sept. 8. 80mu.k .5( 2 Money.—The Bank's rates are unchanged. there is more d eman d, however, than there was 1"t fort night, I n the bazaar Exchange has again been more in favour o f sellers. We quote Bank bills a t 2 s . 011 ., first-class credits a t 2s. 01d., and documents at 2 s . ON. Government Paper.—The excitem en t which has againi set in in the st oc k s o f l ocal joint-stock comPaujes has -- at the followin g p r i ces :— F ours, Rs. 99 1 ; verted attention fro m G overnment securitiea,wh i ° ""u we quote Fi ve s, Rs.loBl ; and Fives and- a -H a lf , R s. 113 to 1181 IMPORTS. —During the fortnight our ' market for p iece goods has been firmer, and alth ough the t r ansactions re ported are still s ma ll, t h ey are on a somewhat l arge r scale than they were du r i ng t h e period preceding th° dispatch of last mail. There h as w i t hi n the last day or two b ee n deci, dedly more inquiry b y I n d ore dealers, and f ro m Guzerat also some demand has been experien ce d ' and altho u g h im porters have hardly as y e t f elt the benefit of t hi s , it has re duced stocks in deale rs ' h an d s. Grey goods, as a r ule, are firmer, and in certain d escr i ptions, as domest i cs , a c onsider• able rise has taken place. In whits goods little has been done, and the same remark applies to most kinds of coloured goods. The lower numbers both of m ule and water twist are firmer, Metals have co n ti nued to iroPw Manufac tured copper has been again in speculative inquiry, and braziers have been sold as high as rs. 66 per cwt. Bar iron is likewise firmer. ExFouTs.—Our cotton market has been decidedly more animated ; and although the sales of the fortnight are still comparatively small, not exceedinm 9,000 bales in all, they s till are much larger th an any we have recently had to notice. Dhollera has been the description most in favour; but prices of all kinds at closing are about Rs. 10 per candy higher than our last quotations, Verawul commanding an advance of Rs. 15 to 16 per candy. Some few coasting craft have already come in with cotton from the north, and in the course of another fortnight we expect to see con siderable arrivals. FREIGIITS—The demand for vessels to load at outports has been quite checked by the rise in rates procurable for loading to Liverpool direct, and with the exception of char ters from Calcutta to London nothing offering any induce ment to change ports is in the market. We quoio rates as firm at—For London : cotton at £3 2s 6d to £3 17s 6d ; seeds, £3 10s: for Liverpool : cotton, £3; seeds, £2 2s 6d to £2 7s 6d. CALCUTTA. (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAFII,) Sept. 4, 4 18 p.m. Government paper, 4 per Cent, 10 to 14 annas dis ; 5 per Cent, rs 8 12 to rs 9 pm; 51 per Cent, rs 18 2 to rs 18 6 pm, Exchange on London—First-class credits, 2s 5-16 d to sd. Freights to London—Dead weight, £2; jute, £3 17s 6d; seeds, Li 10s; grey shirtings,.l4 by 13, 71b, 10 in, rs 8 12 to 14 annas per piece; Madapollams, 13 by 11, 31b, 32 in, rs 4 5 to 6 annas per piece ; mule twist, No. 40, good seconds, 10 annas 6 pie per morah. Market for piece goods quiet. Market for twist little doing. SHIPPING IN I ELLIGENCE. CALCUTTA. Arrivals—August 23—The ship Evangeline, Wolfe, from Liverpool, May 19. 24—The ship Caspian, Event, Cardiff, April 29. 25—The ship Alnwick Castle, Taylor, London, May 25. 27—The ship Talavera, Brown, Liverpool, May 18. BOMBAY. Arrivals—August 24—The Chapman, Harland, from London. 28—The Jane Jack Mitchell, Mitchell, Glasgow. 30—The Minnehahe, Morgan, London ; Hahnemann, Phillips, Liverpool. 31—The Mahratta, Wilson, London. Sept. s—The Edendale, Flartin, London. Departures—August 22—The England, Robson, for Liverpool. 25—ThelGreive Berg, Snellman, Liverpool. 26--The Dalkeith, Joste, Liverpool; Cyclops, Gardiner, THE NEW FRENCH PAMPHLET. The pamphlet, entitled " L'Empereur Napoleon et I'Empereur Alexandre," has just been published by M. Dentu. It is, as might be guessed from its title, on the Polish question ; it is anonymous, and otherwise, in form, paper, and type, resembles the famous pamphlets which preceded the war with Austria. The author, who applies himself to refute the arguments of Prince Gortschakoff, commences in these words:— " When in private life one has in vain taken all pains to prevent a dissension and a rupture, he is painfully affected by his failure. How much more is the politician sad dened by the inutility of his efforts after having done all he could to prevent a crisis which the fate of many States depends. Peace is so necessary to the world, to moral pro gress as well as to the development of material interests, that those who direct the destinies of nations cannot be too solicitous in removing every thing capable of endangering so great a blessing. It is worthy of note, and it is consoling for humanity, that in our day the Governments the least prom pt to have recourse to arms to resolve questions of justice a re precisely those that are th e mos t c i v i l i sed and the most powerful. They love to persuade themselves that reason alone suffices for their solution, and that it is only at the last extremity, and after exhausting all means of con ciliation, that they consent to draw the sword. Thus is ex plained the excessive moderation of the notes of the Powers w h o , in view of the consequences which th e P o li s h insurrec tion m ay produce, have consid e red it th e i r duty to submit cer tain representations to the Court of Russia. This lon ouiraity has at least shown the value attached by them to the maintenance of peace, and the system of Russia is com pletely exposed. To the reiterated that courteous prayer for co ncessions the most moderate, Russia retarned a dry, haughty, and ironical answer. She seemed to say, .1 took part in the discussion merely to gain time. The winter is coming on. I am protected by my snow. For many months you can do nothing to me. I have no further need to dissemble. I break off all negotiation, and I will not suffer my right to torture the Poles to be called in q uestion. The responsibility of war would then fall on Russia. The repeated outrages of that Court being addressed to the other Powers as well as to France, these must be e qually affected by them ; and there is no reason to appre hend that we shall be left alone to defend a just cause. The emperor Napoleon I. never liked to disclose his plans be forehand, partly in order to keep up the prestige of the unknown, and partly not to aggravate the susceptibilities or the of those whom he was desirous of drawing over to his side or of mastering. If during the 20 years of power as General, Consul, and Emperor, so many projects passed through his mind, it may be said that there was one on which he never changed, although he did not carry it out —that of the re - establishment of Poland in her complete independence. The thought of this occurred at the same time as that which he called the first spark of his great am bition, when his soul, soaring beyond Italy, sought for new fields of action in Europe, and for new labours for the liberty o f peoples, the glory of France, and his own. To redress the wrongs which the old monarchy had allowed to be com mitted, and which the Revolution had promised to avenge, seemed to him to be his destiny. ' When I have finished this war of Italy,' he used to say to his aide-de-camp and friend Sulkowski, I shall proceed in person at the head of the French to liberate your country. France must not leave unpunished the treason against a nation,' The pamphlet concludes thus " In the present state of things the Ambassadors have no thing further to do at St. Petersburg. The discussion has been closed by Russia, and it would be difficult to imagine that the representatives of the Great Powers can remain spectators of acts so deserving of blame without any hope of modifying them. It is not merely the representatives of the three Courts that are more especially engaged by their proceedings that ought to withdraw ; all the States will no doubt consider themselves bound in honour to imitate their example. In absolute abandonment Russia would, it is to be hoped, be less obstinate in braving the universal opinion of Europe. In this unanimity there would be a mute re proach, a great lesson —the last means perhaps of avoiding war by an efficicious and salutary pressure. Need we re peat those words in which the war with Russia was an nounced in 1854 It may be seen by these despatches that the Emperor has constantly urged on war. He has been deaf to the observations of his allies, to the instances of his friends. His haughty selfishness refuses to notice any authority but his own, and he wants that his empire shall be as boundless as his ambition. It is, then, the Czar; it is he alone who, after having violated treaties, troubled vio lently and without avowable motives the peace of iho world, interrupts trade, and seriously injures the fortune of the public and of individuals. Europe would deserve the eter nal contempt of history if she put up with pretensions which are to-day an insult, and would be to-morrow ruin. France has already made known that she will not suffer them; French soldiers, the worthy sons of their glorious fathers, will have promptly and solidly re-established peace, which is so necessary to industry and to the well-being of families and of nations.' In any case, France can never permit that so many notes, negotiations, and proposals shall end in a diplomatic retreat from Russia." An Exciting Railway Adventure in Switzerlind. The following eommunication from a Swiss tra veller is published in Galignani " The subjoined narrative of an adventure upon the Western Swiss Railway may be of interest to some of my fellow - countrym en " homeward bound" from Switzerland at the present time, and may he of use as a caution to them to avoid travelling by this route after heavy rains. I took tickets for my wife and myself from Lausanne to Dijon by the 12.40 p.m. train on Friday, the 25th inst.; there had been some heavy rain during the previous eighteen hours. Soon after passing Renens Station we found the valley through which the railroad passes under water for a consi derable e x t en t of country on both sides of us. The line is carried on rather a low embankment, and in many places the water was level with the line, while in others it was rushing orer the rails, In one place it became necessary to detach the engine and send it forward as a pilot to ascer tain whether the roads were practicable. We proceeded slowly and cautiously as far as Chavornay, about 18 miles from Lausanne, and six miles from Yverdun, where we were stopped by signal in consequence of the flood being several feet deep up on t h e l i ne, and the road having given way. It was now th ree o ' clock and raining heavily, and the floods increasing. Th e guar d an d engine -driver declared t h a t it was impossible to return to Lausanne, us the floods would be too deep; neither could we proceed to Yverdun. The waters appeared to extend for about two miles on one side of us across the valley, and we had a narrow but deep and rapid flood on the other side. We were thus en tirely surrounded by water, and with every prospect of being kept in thi s position for some days, as the stationmasterin formed us he had known the floods in this spot last a week. Fortunately, the ground on Which we had stopped was rather higher than the other portions of the line. The first thing to be done was to inquire for provisions; there was happily a sm a ll i nn near t h e station, but bread and wine were the only ar ti c l es o f f oo d to be obtained. The ra i n cea sed about 7 o'clock, and at nine the flood began to subside. On walking back a b ou t a quarter of a mile along the l i ne we had o tr a a rr v i e o r d sed aw in ay th f e or tra s i o n m , s we y f a b r un ds, d the tendetmhboarnakilms,ent had been sleepers attached t o th em, were suspended across w th a e h ch t a h s ei rn r , supported by their own strength, while the flood roared through th e open i ng like a rushing river. This scene filled us with thankf u l ness , as i n all human probabil i ty we must s have perished h a d th e embankment given wa y a few hours earlier, sinc e th e c h asm would have been concea l e d the waters which cove re d th e road, We the carriages, there being no room for us in the little inn. . suffi cientlysix the following morning the water had subside valley, and we succeeded in procuring a co l u m nt a r n y c (vith. to enable us to reach the shore on the east side ar f t th to e convey ourselves and one other Engli sh out any of our luggage) to Yverdun Chavornay o to Yverdun is carried along the side starting for Dijon. The carriage road fromvalley, spent the night in Ate upon a of the higher level than the railway, but it also bore ton proofses and other fury of the storm, as large trees, r ocks, 8 fields. Our debris were strewed over th e r ead and . to risking any fallow passengers preferred staying with the ofin timeleegentleman t f e r a trainjust tra n in d how long they further accidents by the carriage were detained in their dangerous me this morning, say, but as my luggage has only "ac e -map were only for - I conclude that both they and the hi' the 28th. The warded from Chavornay on Monday , to resign themselves rail way officials, who seemed quite ready Y ntil train could as helpless and inactive spectatorafruoni yentaing in the road, e t a d ion I am unable to proceed, strongly dissuaded us soon be able to con tinue cart, assuring us we shouldn t not omit to mention tinue our journey in the train. 9, 7 1 wo all received from the great kindness and attention . n, i t the station master and his wife - the discomfort of our hove - everything in their power to re position.'' Chavornay, who did [ADVERTISEMENT.] —Consumption, allsta ner ovusr, only ag bilious, liver, and stomach complaints, i n every g gravated and accelerated by drug s of every description, but perfectly curable by Du Barry's e, ae health restoring Ilevalenta Arabica Food, as proved by thousands of cases which nail been considered hopeless. We quote a few.—Cure No. 62,014. Miss Lange, 18 years of age, cure d after the medical men had a b an d o ned all hopes of her recovery from the last stage of pulmonary consumption, with f , art ul cough, expectoration. exhaustion, spitting of blood, perspirations, hollow cheeks, emaciated to a skeleton, She is now, thank God, a perfectly I o isl l It o , healthy, blooming, fleshy girl.—N. Lange, Commissaire de Police. Cure, No. 46,270. Air. James Roberts, of Frimley Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spittingof blood, liver derangement. and partial deafness. --Cure, No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, I R ow ev. 3 .l p a i in ri e t s s, Taucdaninpebrversrfialkneenii;isa.—mC, uNroer, s g 4 a , s t li ll e i. r . in i g i t . of indigestion and torpidity of the liver, which had resisted all medical treatment. In tins, 11b, 2s Od ; 21b, 48 6d • 51b, 11s; 121 b, 225; 241 b, 40s. Barry du Barry and Co., No. 77 Regent-street, London ; also Fortnum and Mason; and all 1 grocers and chemists in every town of the IlniLedliingdom, GRANTHAM-SATURDAY. Old white wheat, 42s to 46s ; red, 40s to 44s per 36st. ; new white, 423 to 455; red, 40s t 0,425. Malting barley, 36s to 40s per qr ; grinding, 30s to 32s ; oats, old, 28s.t) 30s; new ; 20s to24s ; beans, 403 to 425; peas, 36s to 38s. NORTHAMPTON-SATURDAY. A moderato supply of new wheat to-day, but the show of old was again limited. For choice qualities late rates may be quoted, other sorts rather lower. Oats and barley dull. —White wheat, 40s to 45s'; red, 37s to 42s ; fine, —s to —s per qr. Barley, 35s to 39s—grinding, 28s to 30s; Oats, 28s to 32s per 24 stone. Beans, 38s to 425. Peas, 34s to 40s per qr. LEICESTER-SATURDAY. New white wheat, 44s to 465; red, 42s to 44s per 36 stone. Old red, 42s to 44s per 36 stone. Barley, inalting, new, 36s to 38s per qr.; grinding, 29s to 328; o'd oats, 25s:to 30s; new oats, 22s to 25s per 24 stone. Beans, old, 35s to 42s per 38 stone ; flour, 30s to 35s per 20 stone. YORK-SATURDAY. The supply of wheat at market to-day was moderate, and buyers purchased cautiously, at prices is lower for all but the best sorts. Barley in good show, but the demand was inactive, and late prices declined is per qr. Wheat, red 38s to 42s Oats.... 2os to 24s White do .42s_to 458 Beans 3S to 408 Barley .30s to 32s Peas ....—s to —a Malt, 62s to 64s per:qr.; rye, 32s per qr ; flour, 30s to 32s per sack. NORWICH-SATURDAY. There was a fair supply of wheat to-day, with about the customary demand, and late prices were maintained. There was a good show of barley, and in sOme instances more money was demanded. Flour was in favour of the buyer. White wheat. 46s to 478 t Red wheat 43s to 44s Malting barley ...36s to 38s I Chevalier barley 36s to 37a Distilling do 33s to 35s I Oats. 2I to 26a Flour, 31s Od to —s Od per sack from the miller. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton ..Oct. 19. via Marseilles Oct. 13. brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Oct. 5. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena Oct. 29. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton Oet. 19. via Marseilles Oat. 13. Falkland Islands OOOOO •••• Gibraltar, via Southampton Oct. 8. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Oct. 10. via Marseilles Oct. 13. India (Bombay), via Southampton via Marseilles Oct. 5. Portugal.... Oct. 6, Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Oct. 10. via Marseilles Oct. 11. Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo • U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet Oct. 8, by I.J.S. packet by Canadian packet Oct. 8. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffo OO ..Oct. 10. Bahamas, via New York Oet. 22. Mexico. Oct. 29. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, j Oct. 14. California. and Briti s h Columbia.. Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur chasing Horniman's pure Tea; very choice at 3s. 4d. and 4s. " High Standard "at 4s. 4d. (formerly 4s. Bd.), is the strongest and most delicious imported. Agents in every town supply it in rackets. THE BOY IN BUTTONS,--The late Captain Basil Hall was dining in the house of a friend in Scotland, the party was large, and an errand-boy from the kitchen had been arrayed in some sort of livery, and promoted for the nonce to assist in waiting at the table. The party was rather a dull one, as often happens when a number of guests are brought together promiscuously, and the captain was striving hard to break the ice by relating some of the most wonderful adventures by sea and land. At length he told one story which seemed even to himself almost to exceed the bounds of credibility, for he stopped short and said, " Now, did ever any of you hear anything equal to that P" At that moment his eye happened to fall on the errand boy, r that o t hasa neon, there's three t who, believing the question addressed especially to him se lf , without a tlhaesssrainaloloerstkitsietnattihonat hasrepl i a ed s , ist , e 4 10, ay, thooms I" If a borab had burst in the midst of the party it could not have created greater sensation.—.Fraser'4 Magazine. Births. CIIOLMONDELEY.—On the Ist inst., at Torquay, the wife of C. G. Cholmondeley, Eeq., of a daughter. DICEY.--On the 2d inst., at Waltham Abbey, the wife of Captain W. Dicey, of a sou. sEL-wyN.—On the 2d inst., at Folkestone, the wife of Cap tain Selwyn, R.N., of a daughter. WIGNALL.—On the Ist inst., at Woodhey, Spits!, the wife of Walter B. Wipell, of a son. Marriages. CARSON—BASSETT.—On the Ist inst., at the parish church of Leighton Buzzard, the Re`. David Carson, M.A. Chaplain R.N., to Mary Jane, younger daughter of J. D. Bassett, Esq., The Cedars, Leighton Buzzard. HOrKINS—WISDEN.—On the 2d inst., at Saint Nicholas Church, Brighton, Henry Hopkins, Esq., of Codrington place, to Emma, the eldest daughter of Thomas Wieden, Esq., of Silwoocl-placo. Deaths. ANDRE.—On the 2d inst., at Lower Norwood, Peter Andre Andre, Esq., of 70, Oxford-terrace, Hyde-park, aged 57. BAYLEY Bayl ey .—On the Ist inst., a t R otherhithe, Mr, John G. , aged 57. BROWNE.—On the 29th ult,, at Biebrich, on the Rhine, Lieut.-Col. Robert Browne, late Regiment of Foot. of the 16th CASTERTON.—On the 11 inst., at Bexley-heath) James W. Casterton, Esq., aged 52. , LAMOND.--On the I s t i nst, at 7, Ql ouces ter road, Regent's park, William Ok ey I.4llo oll dE sq ., of the Stock Ex change. S T O E A l N d ' A B R r T o . a - — d . > road-stre e e t, a 3d ise i d ns 7 t 4. J a mes Stewart, Esq., of 11, WIGRAM.-0 4 the Ist inst., at 27, Bryanston-square, Charlotte, wife of Octavius Wigram, Esq. London : Prinwd and Published by WILLIAM ANDREWS, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TnE SUN Office No. 112 Strand, in the Precinct of the savoy, in the County of IlitddlelleX• —Monday, October 5, 1E63. i ~ 1 ~ . J 11 1 7 1 1 I I I 0 I . .;~