The Sun. — London, England, 1830-11-29 00:00:00

SPIRIT OP THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. The National Congress at Brussels came on Wed • nesday'aftereomi to the important decision of for mully'deposing theb' King, and'of excluding his fa , mily for ever from all power is Belgium. The pre tensions, of the Prince of Orange to the Belgic throne are dins irrevocably superseded. The As sembly consisted of its full complement of mem hers. The whole number present was 189, and only 28 opposed the vote of exclusion, which wa carried by 161. The attack on Brussels and the bombardment of Antwerp, which the Prince did not certainly command, and which perhaps he could not prevent, have been the real cause of the dimi nution of his partisans, and the loss of his crown. The political " sins of the father are thus visited on the son," and Belgium, from the impulse of pas sion, or the recollection of recent , injuries, has per- Imps thrown away the best opportunity which can ever occur of reconciling its own interests with the general tranquillity of Europe. The overwhelm ing majority, against his Royal Highness, or rather the minute number of deputies in his favour (for the 28 who opposed the motion were not all of them his friends), must for ever terminate all hopes of reversing the verdict of. exclusion by appeals to the people, by intrigues with the nobility, by the inflUeece of particular towns, or by the efforts of European diplomacy. At the same time, persons the least accustomed to political speculations, and the least acquainted with the conventional jealousies of states, must see in the vacant throne a source of great embarressmeot to Europe. The candidates may be as numerous as the suitors of Penelope, but are neighbouring Powers likely to look quietly on While the choice of one is Made ? Can the Belgic National Congress elect a King as an English vestry ; an overseer of the poor, without attracting the notice of their neigh bours ? Would England see with indifference a de putation sent to the Pulais Royal to invite the young Duke tie Nemours to accept of the. Belgic Crown ? Or would France not view with equal jealousy the elevation of a' Prince connected with England ? Germany is'fertile in the kind of article now wanted; but can Germany 'send her troop of cempetitoie without 'alarming:ale or other of her two chief pm imitates? In stett, we tniglit heap question upon question without, being.. able to, give a satisfactory answer, and proceed from conjecture to conjecture, in " wandering mazes lost," without coming to any certain conclusion. One thing, however, seems evi dente—thet Belgium, or in other words, the Belgic National Congress, is 'perfectly indifferent to the opinion of the great European States, and considers the opirit of the floly Alliance as for ever, extinct. The Assembly knew that the Emperor of Russia must feel an interest in hie brother-414w, the Prike of Orange, and his children; they were ae rie tinted with the numerous ties which bind the tQralige Family to the King of. Prussia; they were aware of all the treaties to which these two Powers, along with others, are parties; and yet they were determined not to leave in existence a single shred of their connexion with the deposed dynasty. Into the probable consequences 'of this act of exclusion we cannot at present enter, though we have no he sitation in saying that its supporters appeared to us to ground it more on the antipathies of national prejudice, titan on any reasonable objection to the personal character of their Prince, or any statesman• like regard to the interests of their country. , —Timed. The disturbances are proceeding, and perhaps ex tending, in the agricultural districts property is destroyed, violence resorted to, and personal out rages committed. This is e state of things which undoubtedly must not go on; reed measures, officiel and extra-officiel, are taken in all directions to put an end to it. But what measures ? It is beyond divot* that, wherever a breads of the public peace has been perpetrated, the offenders ought, for example sake, to be , punished '; and Still more, wherever menaces are held out of the cont i nuance and multiplication of such crimes, the authority of the magistrate Must be employed to Prevent them or Meteor] of the existence of partial 'Suffering, from which too many of such disorders are known to arise, we "hall have terror, destitution, and wretched rub; expanded over the whole of society, and the weak and immeent exposed without the shadow of protection to the unthinking fury of mere physical force arid vengeance. But where much want exists . throughout the country, and where disorders are traced to dimes who feel that privation, the punish ment of offences his than halt the proper but& nese of Statesmen km power, because punishment Call be but a transient palliative for the evil, need a permanent cute for it is what the nation must naturally, and may reasonably, seek. We should, therefore, like to have observed aroong,st the seeastiree adopted by magistrates, or the inetruc tions transmitted to them, some prompt and deci sive means suggested for getting at the origin of this frightful—we believe, as Lord Grey gelled it, this unparalleled—state of the relations between the poor of England anti the other classes of their tele tow-subjects. If the root of the mischief be nor ascertained, all attempts at a remedy are, with a view to hereafter, but so much time and exertion sacri ficed. In one short sentence we shall state, Ist, our conviction that time peasantry are more oppressed and more alive to the magnitude of their own wants than et any former period; 2d, our belief us to the stature and mode of that oppression, that it hat; arisen from the endeavours of men of property to squeeze out of the bodies of the labouring mule firm a larger share than justice or humanity would have permitted of the general profits of land and labour. In the war, it is well known that the rents wera doubled, and wages were considerably, though never proportionably, raised. Since the war the prices of farm produce have fallen, and fallen greatly ; but when this came to be represented to the couotry gentle men," Very well," quoth he, (we speak of generals, not of exceptions), you shall have your rent re duced " a Wile —not a great deal; but if you want to bring yourselves home, you have my leave to mike a great' reduction in your labourers' tugger, fot labour, you know, is plenty." Thus, then, it has happened. Amidst the universal fall of prime the landlord has been unwilling to bear his share of the common loss. He insists on having the Mee in come as ever front an article—namely, land—which in any fair market would no longer fetch the woo price; and to enfeirce this pretension, he wrings out of the farmer and the labourer a greater proportion of their profits and wages then they ever before were called upon to yield to hia exaction. Until the gen tleman is compelled to support his due share of the general diminution of profits, the country never will be right ; and in such a case err the present,` hi Who limits his care to the proSecuting, impriseeieg, or transporting the miserable ereeturee who have been exaspereted into the perpetration of crimes, commits a foul iniquity On behalf of wealth and eelfeindol. gence, against want and suffering, most disgca t eeful to the magistrate and the eovoreign power. Tile Corn Law—that most flagitious of monopolies—has I contributed largely to this unnatural anal eruel evil. The repeal of the Core Law, the consequent Ninth maim' of profits and fell of rents, will, we suspect,, have in influence upon the puldie comfort and tram quillity, more beneficial than the most !sanguine have yet dared to hope would result home such a reform of our Ititislation;--Titdcs. Whets we first ammunced the nomination of Mr. Stanley to the Chief Secretaryship of Ireland, we et.deled an intimation that the appointment Ives um gentrelly popular. Nor was the isms° of this ruse poputsetty difhenit to discover, the youthful States men having curium:iced his career c,041, the deliver) , of a violent tirade iii the house of Cettlaretningitinet mill ' ,4oltaired to retrenth the enormous rioeioe, litiea . of the Irish Church. In this coup d turd we • had vermeil. of the eiseirese conseapiences of entrusting to men, of the clerical profession multi eieety, as is the establieherlpreetiee in this country, she e thwation of youth& of every reek ;rind degree, without reference to their treseraidestioartioee in life, or to the variants deniers witieli tin y may be call e d upon to dibellioge. Mr. Sfunley'a unolleo oration was, we heat, impited shy the stifoimtiotitt of a zealous clefs gyman, his ti pit, Al As, were alike concerned in it 'the heir of the House of Derby,a staunch advocate of, the. interests of tin chinch. Happily the pupil haa,proved,to be, a ;man capable of overcoming the prejudices so industri ously instilW into his mind; end: we have the hap piness of saying that Mr. Stanley is represented tt, us as no longer a bigot to his early prepossession in favour of an establishment which :is', the grew standing nuisance of the country committed to 114 charge. Upon the new arrangement of the Iris) Government, we are rather inclined to look with sa tisfaction, from the general clearing out to which the Marquis of Anglesea has subjected the local establishment in Dublin Castle. At length, Mr. Gregory, the resident Secretary, with all his de. pendents and subordinates, the residue of the Orange party, is discarded, The measures of Government will no longer, therefore, be thwarted by the intrigues of those subordinate agents, why ought not to have been retained in office one hou, after, Lord Manners and his Attorney-General, Mr. Saririn, were retnoved. There cannot be the least doubt that through these humble Ministers the Orange faction, though ostensibly out of power, have beerienabled to muimein a very effective in fluence and controul in• the Government of Ireland. Captain Gossett replaces Mr: Gregory as resident Secretary. The removal of Mr. Joy from the office of Attorney-General has not been announced; but the knowledge of his political, Opinions, points him out as tt man unfit_to ierve a liberal Government. It is nothing that. he has avoidett the open display of . his -violent opinions ; any such display would have. beets attended, under even the late Adminis tration, with the immediate lose of his office. The proper. question its, what would have been his con duct under the protection of an Orange Govern ment, and free from all apprehensions of controul and what, under such a Government, were his pro- , fessions ? Mr. O'Loughlin, a Catholic, as well as Mr. Pennefather, have been,named as likely to suc ceed in the event of Mr. Joy's removal, which ap pears so just and necessary as to be confidently an ticipated,,lllorning Chronicle. The County of Devon has taken the feed in the meetings in support of Reform. A nurnerousmeet itrlC took place at Exeter, on Friday last, of the pro ceedings at which a report will be found in another column. We, are glad to perceive that the people every Where perceive the necessity of supporting Ministeris 'at this conjUncture,and are impressed with the idea that a strong demonstration in favour of Reform is one of the most efficacious, modes of sup. porting. them, " flaying finished," says the Western Times, " the re port of the meeting, we cannot close without remarking what most have presented itself to every person at the meeting, .and to every reader of the report, on the feeling of dui* country, on the change of the Administration. The derision at the declaration of ' The Noble Duke' against Reform, which the Hon. Newton Fehlowes quoted to the meeting, and the applause when confidence in the present Administration, was expressed, showed the opinion of the meeting, and will in no small degree, give confidence to the Government in pursuing those measures which they have, Intele a ttandition of tatting office, to carry as a Ca.. Let the ilereughmongers, if they will, unite in defence ,of their vested intereste—the people too are united, and will not allow the Government to be success fully opposed in their endeavours to benefit the nation, and restore our glorious Constitution to its original excel. lenee. , The time of Reformation is come—let the ear ruptors of our Conetitution beware I" We know of no feature in the present times more striking than the eagerness• with which the ballot has everywhere been hailed. ‘4 We could not but be delighted (says the Western Timer) when we heard the loud acclamation which re sounded throughout the Hall, nn Mr. Fellowes declaring his conviction that the ballot was the only efficient mesas of preventing corruption at elections. Though no spe cific - remedial measure was suggested in the petition, yet that was from a respect to the Parliament to whom the petition was to be presented. Had any specific remedy been suggested, there can be no question but that the men of Dewitt would have introduced into the petition a declara tion of their conviction that the ballot must be introduced. This is quite a new question, and already it has the assent of the county. Such effect of the diffusion of intelligence we were scarcely prepared to have witnessed—it shows that the Devon which we love' is indeed a glary to Eng fand, and that in intellect she is no less superior in rank than in beauty of scenery and fertility of soil."—Morning Chronicle. The Canadalinnnel has an able article on the sub ject of the warlike preparations of Russia, Austria, and Prussia ; in which it examines the grounds on which these PoWars could recur to hostilities, and their means of carrying on war, even if inclined to war e Much stress is very properly laid on the change Of Ministry in England, an event which cannot fail to produce an impression on the great military powers. The Constitutionnei hints, that if Russia should be unreasonable, the means of bringing her to terms could elweys be found in Poland. In the Chamber of Deputlea, sitting of the 25th, M. Guizot made a long speech, whi;di seems to have obtained consi derable'appluuse, on the Project of Law respecting the attacks egain s t the Royal authority and dignity. In the costae of his speech, be gave on account of the revolution of July, which we believe to be per.- fectly correct. " iia the revolution which has taken place, gentlemen, a aharecter has been already remarked wore than once; and that is, that in as far as regards the mode of its execution, it was not fore seen either by those who effected it, or by those who experienced it. We ought always to bear in mind, that though improvioed, it was accomplished almost at the tesme moment not only at Paris, where the battle was fought, but throughout all Pewee. We are absorbed by the events of Paris, and we do not sufficiently reflect thet at the very same moment, whet was taking place ut Paris was also taking place spontaneously ut lUtetel as well ell at Pinto. At Rhetel, on ths mere appearance of the Ordoneences, the tri-coloured flag were hoisted, • and yet they were absolutely ignorant of what was passing in the capital, The movement was spon taneous, universal, national; when it once broke out, there was not an arm, not eve ,- ,1 a voice raised against it- 'flu reason is, that it had twit long Maturing. What proves that there never was airy ; premeditation or consoimcy in the revolution of July its, that more than once in the fifteen years which 'needed it, we have seen seditious stud 1117 multuous movements prepared befo r ehand. Th ere was nothing similar in elw movement of July. This revolution, so rapid, sn' spontai,eous in its explosion and in its mode of execution, was tm,provisped for all in the manner in which it took place; but its ne cessity hurl beets long foreseen, and it, was instantly etreskpuld us necessary—before ewer; haVing been aecemplished by deed, it existed already in the minds of men." One observation of M. Guizot isr febeitona, Speaking of the late Government, he tieys, " The more the pretensions of Dower increased, the ( Me itc tWpileity Chron. We have searzte4 J4c ourselves room to say a; word on the subject whlcis pew attracting the at tention of all classes, and spreading shim, not in the (Adria only . , but in every part of the kingdom— the state of the country, of which so many distress, jolt details will be found elsewhere. That the ac twit misehief done has been greatly exaggerated, and the fear oceasioned by it excessive, we are willing to k believe; but still main every allowance wit ;e1 the most rational arid sober-tninda) could desire, there %vitt remain more than enough to excite regret for the past, and rippreheesioe for the future. That the disturbanceiAre Pot of a political (diameter— that is, not directed ogiiiyst the Goverriment—is quite ,e;ildent ; itut we consider them 4)4 that very account to b;g: the wore pregnant with danger and alarm, and the lees eafty to be put down. They have now, in fact, extended Wet/bout a circle wbiedi almost sets at defiance any powtw on the part of the tic,vernment to suppress them. At first they were confined to ent sited Sussex—now they are to be found in Hampshire., erkshire, 'Witte, Oxford shire, Huntingdon, Cambridge, J..incoln, Norfolk, Northampton, Hereford, and even Northumberland. Where they me to end, or in what, no one can tell; but it appears to os to be matter of certainty that whriber the burning* and breakings of machinery have or have not, in some instances, been prompted by political incendiaries, the great foundation or which they rest is the grievances of the peasantry— lite low rate of their wages—the ignorance in which they have been brought up—and their degraded condition as paupers, in receiving that from the overseer which ought to be paid to them in the shape of wages; and it therefore becomes evident that whatever measures the Government may adopt for putting a stop to the devastations committed by them, must fall far short of their object, unless they are calculated to do away with the former—to mist the rate of the labourer's wages—to confer on him the blessings of education—and to compel the pay ment to him of every farthing which he earns in the shape of wages, instead of poor-rate. These thing• must be taken into consideration by the Govern ment, if it be desirous of putting an end to the outrages of which we have spoken; for, however possible it may be to put them down by force at present, it is not only probable, but matter of ac• teal certainty that they would again break out. In the same, way we think that the Government ought to discountenance every thing in the shape of seventy towards those who have been guilty of the outrages, except in ewes where it has been proved, to the satisfaction of a Jury, that the parties have been the leaders and nog the led. The Magistrates at the Kent Special Sessions, in passing sentence of transportation on so many individuals,-appear to ns to have sadly mistaken their duty in this, respect. The punishment was no doubt deserved ; but we put it to them whether they would not have acted more , wisely by dealing more humanely, and lecturing the culprits upon the enormity and mischievouS comes quences of their offences, instead of passing sen tences upon them calculated to excite the commise ration of their fellows, anti which called down upon themselves curses both loud and deep? ilud the offences been isolated, or not sprung out of real grievances, the conduct of these •Magistrates would have been imimpeachable; but the disease is not local--it is universal; and the mode of treatment which would have been proper in the former case, would, in the latter, only add fuel to the tiame.--s " Swing" is, in fact, by far too powerful a man to be transported—he must be dealt tenderly with, or not meddled with ut all--and his grievances re dressed, instead of his crimes being puniihed. The ,landlords must lower their rents, and the farmers will then be enabled to give better wages; And the tithe cAleetor must be more sparing in irritating the latter, lest they make common cause with the la bourers,' and oust the'one of his rent, and the other of his pernicious tax.- Morning Advertiser. Mr. R. Grant, the üble Member for Norwich, ob served as follows, in his speech to his constituents, on Thursday last, respecting the old and the new Ministry : " It is contrary to my wish," said he, "to speak with severity of those whet have now relinquished power, or to speak harshly of what I may conceive their misconduct, but I do presume to say so much as is necessary to explain the position which I now occupy. I would desire to do every justice to the great military talents of the Duke of Wellington ; I would speak with praise of the prowess of one, to whom, however we may condemn some of his mea sures as a Minister, we, us Englishmen, must be prepared to do justice. I would at all times pay a tribute of justice to the prowess of one, who never planted the standard of battle but it proved a trophy of victory—who never ascended the chariot of warlike conflict but it proved scar of triumph --(hear, and cheers.) I would do him jus tice in another and more important respect even than his splendid military exploits—l mean his great services in the rause of civil liberty. I would do justice to the services of the Duke of Wellington and his colleagues, in the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts, and in car rying into effect Catholic Emancipation.--(Cheers.) And when the column is raised to the Duke of Welling ton's glory, and it shall hereafter stand exhilsited to the gaze of posterity, I am persuaded it will be surveyed with ad miration, not so much for the blazonry of splendid victo ries with which it will he surrounded, as for that holy flame which will he shining at the top of religious charity. Having thus paid every just tribute of respect to his me rits, I will still say that the late Government, of which the Duke of Wellington was the Premier, fell justly. Why did it fall? Because it was not a Government adapted to Me spirit of the times. Because it was not a Govern. ment in accordance with the wishes, from not evincing a sufficient sympathy with the wants of the people. Because and I do net I trust profane a sacred expression in making use of it—because it was built on the sand of expediency, and not on the living rock of the people's feelings and rffections.—(Cheers, ) That Government is now a matter of history, and as I did not flatter them in power neithei will I speak of them with asperity now, I will pay theta my tribute of justice as far us I conceive they deserve it, but I will repeat decently hut emphatically ihat their fell was just. The Government that has suc ceeded stands deeply pledged to the objects neglected by the Government which has just been dissolved. I have joined them because I believe them to be honest in their professions--that their object is not to destroy but to preserve—and to place the people's rights on the protection of ancient laws. I believe that they will honestly attempt the revision and removal of abuses that deform our system of expenditure and our system of representation—and they will tell you this that they will look into things honestly." Would to Heaven that the words which we have printed in italics, were engraven on the hearts, and formed the foundation of the policy of the new Mi nistry ! They would prove the source of its power, us the disregard of them proved the downfall of the late Administration ; and of as great benefit to the country as the neglect of them has been ruinous.— Morning Advertiser. THE NEV MINISTRY. (From the Coventry Herald.) The formation of the new Ministry is an event of the most. extraordinary kind. Let the list of ap pointments be read over, and the grand array of talent And excellence of principle it exhibits, is am a zi ng ,, Whether it be the rank, the wealth, the wisdom, the brilliancy of intellect, or the long-tried patriotism of the individuals that is considered, causes of the highest admiration and of ardent joy will be equally discovered. Lord Althorp, the heir to great wealth and of a Peerage, Chancellor of the Exchequer ! No needy adventurer, no fortune-hunter, seeking to raise himself "from his mud," and relying on his of ficial salary for his daily bread; but a man in all re spects independent, who needs no riches but what his own 'means amply supply, and who can wish but for few honours to which he does not hold a hereditary right, It is to such men to whom the finances of the counts) , pat be best confided,—men of such sta tions in society, that with them temptations must needs be few, and whose exalted reputation is too valuable to lie burtered for any, however great, of t h e em o lum e nts of , office. So, too, of • many of the rest ; trhu Marquis of Lansdowne, Lord Melb ourne , and Lord Goderich,-- , a Nobleman with who m we associate ideas of soh excellence of feelin gs an d o f talent, that we can scarcely deei le whether we should admire or love him roost, Mr. Powlett Thomp. gen is an individual who stands prominently forward, for aceuracy of opinions and . ability o f t h e hi g h est or d e i ; an d there le no ()Mee . to the Ad m i n i strat i on which will be filled on re suttsfitetorily and more ht peficially to the public, then that of the Vice-Pro& dent of the :Board of Trade. Lord Palmerst o n is well known and thoroughly tried, very competent to the duties of his office, anti, superadded to his Ministerial capabilities, pos sesses , a hi g h c h aracter fur personal worth. Laid Palmerston would rather destroy the whole of his gnaw, than hi s neigh bourhood should be . afflicted with t h e m i ser i es of poaching~ it is certa in no country gentleman would require a severer test of his pliiluthropy than this. Lord Grey, the Prime Minister, is the most jatlich . ous, the most powerful , and the most con s i s tent supporter uf i'arhamentary Reform. Wh at news, what inexpressibly glu t news for . 24ngland, when it Reformer is placed at the heed of th e G overn _ mem l " Liberty, Freedom, and gnfrancliisernent," is now vrucirjmed in the streets; ec tyranny its dead;" tyranny of all Linde, the ty ranny o f mono polists, whether in Trade, i n Agricul ture , o r L e ., gislation; and now it is dec ided the people Shall govern themselves through the i r Representatives, ihe hope is given that they will . obtain the f ree do m to exe rcise their industry and s 1 ill, whateve r manner Will best promote their individual and collective late rests. Mr. Brougham, Lord Chancellor, is a victory s. vast, that. do min could ,rationally hope for achievement. Who could have supposed that the great patron of education, the promoter of the Lon don University, the first advocate of Mechanics' In stitutions and schools for all, would have obtained the highest patronage of the Church, anti haye the conscience of the King committed to his.care ? It seems, scarcely credible that so great an event has occurred; and when we reflect upon the good that will arise from it, we are unable to estimate the full extent of the benefits that must necessarily result from the operation of those measures of which Mr. Brougham has been the distinguished patron. With such individual claims to the gratitude and adtni ration of society, as Mr. Brougham possesses, it is of little consequence whether his ancestry were ex alted or obscure, whether he have sprung front the lowest of the plebeian class, or whether his - fore fathers ranked bight amongst .the Nobility of Eng land ; it is his own merits, his own acts, upon which is founded his fitness to the title that he holds; and if Henry Brougham were unable to trace his anew,- try beyond the last generation, he of all men living is the best suited to be :Lord High Chancellor of England. But Mr. Brougham is, on the contrary, of a very ancient family ; his progenitors held Burghem Castle, in 'Westmoreland, in the reign of King , Stephen ; anti he ,whose ancestors were the Lords de Burghem seven and eightcenturies backi, certainly cannot feel that he has is .station superior to his birth, when he takes his seat with the Jetts kinsons and the Eldon' of the British Peerage; nor can the 'Talbot,, the Stanleys, or the Howurds tom- Orlin, if a Lord of Burghem preside in their deliberations, and direct the order of their discussions. To us at Coventry, the Administration must needs seem a good one, which numbers in its, ranks our enlightened and excellent Representative, Mr. Ellice. We know his principles and integrity, and we know he will compromise neither; and therefore we know, that so long as he is in the Administration, those measures will be pursued, and those alone, that ate for the benefit of the people. We rejoice in the ap pointment of Mr. Ellice, because we know that in him the public have obtained a most valuable ; ser vant, and he himself has acquired a station, all the hos flours and emoluments of which he more than merits.: The change in public uifeirs is wonderful We have been accustomed to find the most enlightened systems of policy opposed by the Government and the Legislature, and when they did make progress, and one ray of light was found to break into the thick ciinmerian darkness of Ministerial bigotry and prejudice, it was an occurrence that excited surprise, A wise and liberal policy was never expected to ex. tend beyond .the pages of the Edinburgh Review and similar publiestione, or occasionally, perhaps, to be found in a small minority of the House of Com mons; and now we find the moat able and_ highly gifted of British Statesmen are appointed to office, to bring into complete operation those very princi ples which have hitherto been opposed by all the in fluence the Government and the holdersof the boroughs could exert against them. A happy, a most felici tous change,in deed, for theßritish people has occurred. It must have frequently happened to every man, to inquire how it is the people of England are not prosperous and happy ? They have more energy, more industry, and more talent to direct their exer tions than other men, and yet they are poor and dis tressed. Such a people could not be poor, if left' free to exercise their industry; it is impossible they should, and the cause is to be found in that perni cious system of laws which controuls their exertions, limits their enterprise, and renders their labour abortive. The people, as a body, do not understand how the monopolies and restrictions of trade impo verish the country; but the Whigs do: the present Administration know how to restore Great Britain to a state of prosperity, greater than any it has , be• fore attained to; and they will do it, if the people support them as they should. And here a question of the greatest importance occurs : Will the people support them ? for it is only by the support of the people that they will be able to continue in office.-- All dealers in boroughs, all monopolists, all who thrive in the abuses that ex i st i n Church or State, will oppose the present Ministry with uncompro mising malignity and unrelaxing assiduity. We scarcely think the Whigs are popular; in intelligence and liberality they are always far in advance of the age, and will, in consequence, always bnve the pre judices of society arrayed against them. The benefits to arise from their system will be expectetl to arrive on the instant. The country is now distressed ; it will be anticipated that by Christmas Lord Grey's Administration will spread happiness and abundance through the land; and as years, and perhaps a long course of them, will he requisite to remove existing evils, and restore the country to a healthy state, there will be abundance of time to work upon the uninformed feelings of the populace, and it is not itn. possible but a clamour may be excited by those who fatten upon the miseries of the people, and who, like leeches, often perish from the effects of their own rapacity. The people have now the means of restoration in their own hands, and if they take ad vantage of the unhoped-for blessing which has been bestowed upon them, Great Britain will become the happiest us she is now the greatest amongst the nations. No natural cause exists why the impels-' tion should not go on increasing, and, as it increases, becoming more and still more wealth) , and prospe rous. A brilliant prospect is now afforded to the people, and it is only through their apathy or error that it can be marred. UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE. Oxroitn, Nov. £7. --Ina Convocation, holden on Thurs.- day, the following gentlemen, who have been nominated to succeed to the office of Select Preacher at Michaelmas next, were approved of by the Holm :-- The Rev. T. V. Short, 8.D., Student of Christ Church. The Rev. C. Girdlestone, M.A., late Fellow of Balliul. The Rev. H. W. Iluckl►:y, M.A., Fellow of Merton. The Itev. J. H. Newman, ALA., Fellow of Oriel. The Rev. J. Ball, M.A., Fellow of St. John's. On the same day the following degrees were conferred MASTERS OF ARTS. Rev. E. Osborn, Oriel, Grand Compounder. J. P, Simonet, St. Edmund J. Kaye, Brasen-nose. R. Seymour, Student of Christ Church, Rev. C. Gilbee, Queen's. BACHELORS OF ARTS. 0. Bird, St. Edmund Hall. E. Greene, Demy of Mag►lalen. G. A. Haigh, University, J. R. Alitford, Christ Church. P. Dawson, Braeen-nose. J. U. Headlam, Brasen-note. It. C. Windham, Brasen-nose. H. H. Healey, Lincoln. E, W. Holland, Worcester. 6, E. Gepp, Scholar of Wadham. T. Burningham, Trinity. J. Dobson, Queen's. J. Hodgson, Scholar of Queen's. R. Collinstm, Queen's. J. Taylor, and It. Haynes, Pembroke. ECCLESIASTICAL PREFERMENTS. The Rev. T. Grantham, Jim, Fellow of Magdalen Col. l e ge, has been presented to the Rectory of Barniborough, alias Bramberg, void by the death of the Rev, T. Green, . _ . , file Rev. IL P. Willoughby, M.A., has been presented by the late Lord Chancellor Lyndhurst to the Rectory of Marsh Ilslilon, in this county. The Rev. J. Humphreys to the 'Vicarage of St. Mary's, 'filthy, void by the death of Dr. Ruch. The Rev. C. Smear to the Rectory of Sudhurn cum tepelin de Orford, void by the death of the Rev. J. Connor. The Rev. R. H. Chapman to the Rectory of Kirkby %Visite, void by the translation of Dr. Bethel to the See of Bangor. The Rev. C. !Latta to the 'Vienne of Helberton, void by the death of the Rev. T. Mends, Th e Rey, 4, Metcalf to be Minister of the Church of Souk island. T i, Rev. W. Thring. ali t has beim appointed to th e Vicarage of Fisherton Detainee. The R ev , F. fa r e lire been presented to the Vie4rage of Crinhorne, in Dureetihire, by the Marquis of Salisbury, vo id by the death of the Rev, ff. Dianne. LAW INTELLIGENCE. COURT OF KING'S BENCH, Nov. 27. CARLILE V. THE PROPRIETORS OF TUE NEWARK MERCURY. This was an action for libel brought against the defendants. Mr. Carlile is a bookeller in Fleet-street. The trial took place before Lord Tenterden, at West minster, previously to -the last term, and a verdict was given for .the defendants. The alleged libel was contained in a letter. written by the Rev. Dr. Gilbert, and published in the Newark Mercury. Theletter was in reply to a challenge given by Mr. Carlila to Dr. Gilbert to' meet him in theological controversy. In the reply there ►•ere some expres sions which the plaintiff alleged were imputations on his moral character, and tended to lower him in the estimation of the people of Newark. During the last term the plaintiff. in person ob tained a rule to. show cause. why a new trial should not be granted on the ground, amongst others, that the Learned Judge admitted.impioper evidence for the defence. The ATTORNM•GENERAL and Mr. HILL appeared this day on behalf of the defendantP, ,and contended that the evidence admitted at the trial was perfectly legal. Mr. Caddo addressed the Court in support of the rule, and said that the Counsel for the defence had been allowed to give in evidence certain publica tions of the plaintiff '€,, and had done so by putting them into the hands of the plaintiff's witnesses, which he had not a right to do, and the Learned Judge left it to the Jury to any, not whether the publication had .4 tendency to injure the plaintiff in Newark, but generally whether it had a tendency to injure his character. "Lord TENTERDEN—The Court cannot undertake to say that the handing in of the publications, although they were not read, might nut have influ enced the Jury to find for the defendant., and on that ground , they think that the rule must be made absolute.. —Ttule absolute accordingly. CRIMINAL INFORAIATIONi-7-E E C..PARTE HARMER. Mr. PRAED applied to the Court for a rule to Show cause why a criminal information should not he filed against Jimes Acland, proprietor and pub lisher of is paper called the Bristoliart, at Bristol, for a libel publiShed in that paper, of and concein ing Mr. Harmer, u solicitor, practising at Bristol. At the. last election Mr. Harmer and Mr. Acland had taken different sides; Acland indicted Harmer for an assault, and the Jury, after an absence of twenty hours, acquitted him ; but Mr. H. had been informed by two of the Jury that eleven of them bad been for acquitting him at once, but that one had refused to concur. A permit of the name of Capper, a Quaker, had given evidence for Acland, and Mr. Harmer indicted him for perjury, and Mr. Acland for an assault and some other offence, and the ►hree bills were found. Upon this the libel complained of appeared in the Bristolian paper, in the shape of a letter from Acland to Mr. Capper, In which Mr. Harmer was accused, among other offences, of that of suboination of perjury. Mr. Harmer denied the imputation, and made this ap plication in order to vindicate his character. He ought not to omit stating that the motto to this paper, called the Ileirlolian, was very creditable to this Court, for it was—" I like honesty in all places —Mr. Justice Bayley."—Rule granted. UTILITY OF POLITICAL SATIRE. Nor ,has satire been confined to the conduct of in dividuals alone, but has also been pointed against those measures of policy and state in which the in terests of whole nations is concerned. It is only by the exercise of political satire that the spirit of jea lousy necessary to the support of all mixed govern ments can be excited, and the general establishment of the Constitution protected and maintained. The frequency of those occasional errors to which the administration of every state is subject, will be d . - minished by the fear of that ridicule which is able both to repel the attacks of violence arid the arti fices of faction. So immediately, however, is the freedom of political satire co n n ecte d w ith the esta blishment of general liberty, that popular outrage is not less unfavourable to its existence than the ex tremity of absolute despotism. During the violence of contending fictions that preceded the subversion of the Roman Commonwealth, it appears to have been almost entirely unknown. The efforts of wit must, indeed, have been feeble and dis regarded, at a period when literature had not obtained an universal esteem, and in a tuition where the eloquence of the orator was at one time drowned by sedition, at another time overawed by the sword. The history of free nations exhibits frequent examples of the application of ridicule to the concerns of state, many of which were useful to their own age, and all may be instructive to pos terity. The political comedies of Aristophanes pre sent a picture of his nation too minute to be sus pected of falsehood, and too interesting to be viewed without pain. In them we behold the repretenta 'ion of a people at once refined and gross, learned and infatuated; so fond of humour and ridicule as to permit the boldest attacks upon their favourite follies, yet so deluded as neither to resign or correct them; attentive to wit and satire, yet prosecuting in defiance of both, a war that could not but end in their destruction. By the invention of the art of printing, the dissemination of political .satire has been eminently facilitated, and in our own country it possesses an importance as little known to the surrounding nations as the peculiar freedom by which it is secured. The establishment of our excellent Constitution was considered as im perfect whilst restraint was imposed upon the exertion of any voice by which the spirit of liberty might be awakened. And, since the noblest se. curity against sudden and causeless revolutions, is that opportunity of calm decision which is presented to the judgment of it whole country by the free re presentation of all public events, political satire tends in a no less powerful degree to secure the Govern ment from rebellion than to protect the people from oppression. Nor are instances wanting of its exer cise which will ever be contemplated with admira tion and triumph. The remains of that fanaticism which was a reproach to the human character were dissipated by the wit of Butler; and the delicate pleasantry of Addison was successfully employed in the support of justice and freedom, at the moment of delusion and danger. Yet, while the heart of the patriot gloAt with rapture at the survey of that Constitution which allows to every subject the noblest of all privileges, the most painful sensations will often be excited by a view of the licentiousness interwoven with so fair a system. Instead of the manly ardour of truth and freedom, satire is too often taught to breathe the furious and baneful spirit of falsehood or sedition. Even the dignity of that supreme au thority, which is rendered sacred no less by the peculiar genius of our Constitution than by every principle of general policy, has sometimes been ex posed to attacks of ridicule equally mean in their form and pernicious in their tendency. And by the extensive diffusion of public calumny, a spirit of animosity has occasionally been excited, 5Q powerful as to interrupt the national harmony and embitter, the intercourse of domestic lie. Moved, perhaps by these considerations, Swift, who on some occa sloes bad been himself employed as the support of a party, and acting on others from a more enlarged principle, had been hailed as the vindicator of a de voted people, attempted, in a relation of fictitious adventures, to stop, by the powers of ridicule, that torrent of faction which was at once so impetuous and destructive. Happy would it have been, if the exectitien had eorresponded with the design ! But whil e h e exposes the tots and conati utions of his country to contempt, and, and represents its whole history as a series of actions disgraceful to human nature, the only political tendency of the singular production of genius is to telex the vigour of patriotism and sink the spirits into despondence and inactivity.—Lord Tenterden. t~ COUNTRY CORN MARICETtPt , - 4 DURISO LAST ITIME. • Wheat. Barley. Oats. At ... 4 11 i . ..Lit ----, ..........-...-- afammoillog. l lo. t.. . re.r Quarter. 41.t0 I. !I.tot. '• I. to : 4. „,_,*; 1 Catittle,—..-...... 1 - 72 - 37 - 3 4 '"'''*.:77. Carmarthen.....,. ~ 05 -- '49 ...• "''''' ,,,„1 Heritatn-.............. ' W 72 93 51 22 -- -29 : :, Aforpeth ......-...... 50 to '29 92 24 . '39 i' f t Penrith -...........-- 69 I-. ,37 - .... ' Ili . __ 1 1"; 4 ; 515ettie1t1.............. I-. 69 t - t i e Z . -s--'---- -- ' - itf Winchester 50 65 91 - "i . ' fg ~, 46 Per Bushel. s. d. s. cf. t. d. s. d. 1. 'LIE , 1.. Coventry 7 0 90; 4 8 5 4 3 . 0 '4 0 •• Stwc.astle (8 - 125 . ,10 0 11 3 6 0 •011 . 9 9 - 4_,f , z NorthaUerton ...... I 7 0 9 9 3 0 4 0 3 3 'CV Staftbrd ....--...... 19 0 9'4 59* 0 9 311 4 4 ~, a 5wan5ea............. 7 9 9 4 4.4 415 23' '9.8 ~,,I. -.: Warwick 9 0 10 0 4 0 5 0 2 2 2'o ' - '1 a f,..a Per 8011. . Barnarduattle ...... 15 0 19 0 7 9 9 0 0 0 76 t fa Durham 15 0 18 0 9 6 lot - et it g 5t0ckt0n....... -.. 1 15 5 6 5 1 1 8 _ 0 8 co 0 8 0 6 io 0 i______221.....L2L... 9 0 t) 0 - - BM .... WAKEFIELD CORN 114tItICET.,,Wat. 21. There is a short supply of Wheat, both !titan the , ?,, , , , i “a up the river to this day's marketoind NOW iltir ' o f ; • of - buyers, all descriptions of New, ajt i rl .'' a , • Nit i s are Is. per quarter higher, but there , no to _ , __..... -...., L , tiling sorts of Old Wheat. ,Osbiltsll- 1 / 1 0 0 4. _ l tlg ia niet is more plentiful, and the maltaters have ,Pog e it i g i . at a decline of Is. to ils. per quarter upon' all . * . are taken off at the rata; of but Friday. - and rather lower prices would be lakes- ~...,•• , I._ . '' ' '''' I • Wheat, Red, Norfolk and Sughlk...sos. laa ).04.2: Lin. and Cam. ........581. Ma If 1 •, 1 r0rkeh1re.........., ...,.faiu Ma teals lAtte.i. —. White .... t ....... ............... «Abs. 0 , -- Foreign, rt . ei1..... - White _«...«...... - , - ,ml; Ans Abo V , Barley, Norfolk and Sughlit ...v............‘•'''''''' t „.29P CS n -- Lincolnshire ............ -- Yorkshire Wold .................ri . w 4101, '''''----- Foreign ............. ....... ..........4. . W‘ e4i- il Beans, sin„. ..... .......,„ Oats, Potato e.ool to got Poland.... ............'...... ..... •=4. .... .--- Friesland and Small ............—a '111at0246; .... „ ---- ?dealing ....... ... ....... ............. 11 % i i-Lir,:rust4.. , Shelling ..«............ ....... ..........: .. 3 / 1 ; lo ."'', Dig. '. Malt, '"' ''•••• .• la 47.. dal pl. 14 Rapeseed IS' Oi. 40 . 01. 411, 0 4 i Ye . .. SCOTcif MARKETjt , Aberdeen .... 56 65 23 90 1 hB gi C r O rr The wise of me asure Coldstream.. 6.4 43 10 93 13 46 'e93; ee Cupar 45 72 24 30 31 6o; RS! 10 . t . Elfin 50 .20 29 31 Tiri • 1 1 j, Inverness..... 44 ea 96 01 g • sa .., Kelso 2.5 44 21 23 1 . 1 Kirka1dy........1 60 76 33 93 Perth r g 21 IA 18 I. ....aind't • abk EDINBURGH MEAL g We had a middling supply of 0at114 41 , 11. which met with a quick sale at last wort pticee• er Sack oliOlb. 1 m p. , Per *We of First P Oatmeal f a Al IS 0 'First Oatmeal ..r.r.. 04 S rarle nd yme di a t r..« .. .. ''' 1 1 1 6 1 0 0 Seemir4 Barilflo ltil Pessenusal 1 11 '0 P - Pot Barley—No. 1, per cwt. 141 71"' ,:.85: ~ • ---.... . ye., rt. • ... . We hat large supp ly ONO'. E i D a llßU It (agAP g of all kitgis, .4 417 spsy. ' Wl°. tir. 4 ‘ sold readily Barley Is. up on the tera, ...A O l, hilonPr , " top, and Sd. on the average. Wheal O W . s lid Patel 'a n , i . e quality, prices are considerably lower. , i L d , , .. as last week. la. 141.8. . 471 VVheat Barley. Os 04 444 oil 40 e At First...... 80a Oil 40. Oil Ws . 4n , 04 ~ Second .., Ws Od 3fki Od 041 ed diu 0,4 obw , 'Third ... 444 Od 3ls 4d 141 - Oil .".- VI I. * I of. raicts or riorisl4-- w. 4.10.1, it 1 i Beer, pet 1b... Os. 3tl. to Os. &L Fresh pito , , 0 1 D, .•• 1 1 i Mutt0n....... 0 3 oti Salt Alatu... - 1 - . 00 Off , o 0 DitUtt Pi! C.* 0 0 - 41. Barley Pease go off freely at former Wheat, per 2401 b. s. d. I. d. British, old 33 0 to 30 0 -new 2ti 0 310 Canada, free 31 0 Irish ........... 213 0 32 0 Barley, per 3201 b. English ....... 2OO 25 0 20 0 20 Irish... ...... 94 0 VI 0 obilb. 111 et. Oats. Per - 0 a 112 I A nritg• •• • rostmorlt. W7 O :I 4 no. ler *" . 112 4,0, English scoule , Pease; -Brotttsh co Ostniesl.P rag3oer l4 ° 44 , 'hod 01/ Flout. ..". r. l7 :— M llar iil l• K y, rlll l 2 s.. 9.lo•4ll, z l . 4o".'ne Tavao—WheatC(a°rileSraWge).%4l. ST. A rtirstue.-Wrieat, 211. to Mc —Barley, lls. SO 7i. to Bs. Od. Donuts—Wheat (ayersge) 249. Od....Paility; Mg.. ..;3git4l4' LA V KO fr,STON —W heat (averse) 275. Od.P.BUlfir Ai* 101 d.-11eef Od.—Mutton d. ' • I 111UATON...Wheat, 945. 3.?..—Martity; 12s. At ...___Ago, Pasumcg—Wheat, 225. to 900...10arlets ....it.,,,,131*—,,gir Os. to Sr. o,l.—Beef snd hiUttol, bd., to. 40,""N5arss 411 r — r— . • flutter, IW. per lb. 400004 4 brae* ao—Whest, ...... Ott to Sac 1111d..434:10, Its ~, Jr. Cot.trsia..4Vbest, 024 . td' A ,P`i..l, —Bar/ i 19 ' 1° ' 6 to 9r, al, 44 and Mutton, sd. .to Od.--Veslr --a - '- - . Tod& CO 11011N1110 INTICLLIONNCIL . _ ~... A Wrath last Thorld4l Ilea idantity of copper Ore seal .., sg . ref age Produc .. ******* ......•••••••• ***woo:. .....,... , /LLAMA yof Ant Co pp er ............ ....... ......;!..a.j.,:iara.:905..011: mount of 5a1e,21,8531. 1311.0.....--4:::,111 lis __.......411 BIRTH& On the 26th inst. at Tit Uphill, Brixton, MON A' ' Webster, of a eon. A. of pr. On the 26th inst. i n Berkeley-wort, the 1*"1 Wilson, of a daughter. MARRIED. 009 At St. Mary's, Bryanstone-squerei bY th e lA c ta tioltet of Cartitle, Henry William Chichester, Eel' n' -"* or Inn, second son of the late Henry chichrte, ic:ot Northoyer House, Somersetshire, and Wood 11 eu , ", " arace ttehelklaitisesAlrs:hbbelisahopiaonfnCaersnSteurbtt°nrni. daughttr d 411 DIED. - ' ~,,,,` gre , On the 26th inst. after a bag and p a iarla u"'"" ' Id, Ce ( n ) W n a tte 28th inst. in her 2lst year* S' er° l l4l9l osrlt l t et%- loved chili of the late W. wpia, El., 0... - - . St. James's. s es, AO On the 2 5 th inst. at Ilutton.ball, Essex* i' von of the late J. Forbes, Esq. ag e d 21. ... i. 0 , of On the 45th inst. at Brighton, Criroliour th i e t4 Apt Lieut.-Col. Roberts, of the Royal Artillerfr , daughter of the late T. W. Maitland, Esq. „,„_,l„.teel' Ou the 29d inst. illr. J. Ilawraal of Lovo"" , Band-street. EAST INDIA.--AIAPIED,,,• 7 ,111, 1 g At Calcutta, June 28, W. 0. SLor h t r an g . , Eleanor, eldest daughter of Lient...;Col. t'v d :r; lea %AT' . tai A n t an hl d " M g u a :e o r re lt A te i n ay dan i 6 t . of that 'M li alo ti tt; 4°'')llll Andtews. F &g t s , N o u r ssee th e ra o b t a n d N , June Native e 13af,:tr.y,06:33r-Y(i 1 01 lir $4 . _ ap 4;° l ` t ' h .j .' Artillery, to Aliso Ha rr iet , eldest datighe P t, lidt r sad r‘/ ' ' in Rsjpootana. . • ;,e Aria l ' At St. , .4 /la- - g v George's, June 5, Meat. pa—, op t' e r I s llit est ladl : A:Ree r t i leitel'f :; .:li42i!!°:ll:l-Iklivg!.. tery, to Emm a • 334 t l y hur, 36 h Regt. N. 1., to Anne, seen ; sliOgi s i e ' l " ' . ii Y Lient. We 6 ,s la yc,„,,to'r 1 I'o' At, . . . 4 CAte f; 7 i ;go t • At Karnptee, near Nagpore, June , -*„ 1 ,0, It; z,,„ Sheriff, Assist.-Cotninissary-Oeileral, .to ''''Thda - 11 P IP - daughter of J. Pringle, E of Currstb. - -'• kine, N.B. ' ' Dein At Dinapore, M a y 26, Capt. N. 1)0011001.-!Pf; Assist.-A'ii•-General, to Louisa ,141.11,..,71:,,,j, SO" youngest daughter of the late Major J. u r .-- - i 3 l o a ve 1 1: 1 D an ic tr k y i . noon s E ßise s z ta egr b a l t ish : m itr e is n . t. lif C. fit' At Buxar, May 30, R. Gill, E igl• - tri .L l Sit ' youngest danghter of the late H. klo'`" ..., Vat. At Mangalore, May 22, 11. Briggs , . I '.'9' , i „,, Or' Adjutant 24 Madrao Cavalry, to Mite bfirl """: • DIED. Mot .° At Cooudogul, in the province of Pungatto,,,,,tfir - his Highness ilangalon Etnudy Stoker 801 l F''''''' '. 4 .. Nader, Rajih of Punganoor, aged 50. „, 4 - At Calcutta, July 1, Mr. John Meerut, - Scotland, agei 20. A agllol ' At Calcutta, July 2, J. Ninny, gal. '',•---- '. S , Court of Requests, aged 32. 4 • sr to l'i At Ghasepoor, June 16, Sub... Conductor -.. d. of the Coanniwariat Department, aged 13°: ' 100 F.' At Singapore, June 3, at his beat, Mount ,. .., Scott, Esq. ' 110 .1.1416.?'' At Secunderabad, June 2, J. Poole, VA" Q u '. i jo ter of the 46th Regt. aged Sa. rA'llolll4‘ ' At ties riksul, June 4, C. Conker, ESq°, , --P • -',. 4 4 Majesty's French Servi ce, a g ed 19. e b01,6 44. At Trichinopoty, June 14, Lieut. IL S. th—e low s i r J l4 ' 4th Regt. Light Cavalry , second son of • , ... -, Newbelt. , lun'llW. At Outscammul, on the Neiliberrie., --- e. ' . ,? k • Edw. Arrnytage, of the tith Light CavarP -__r' tio',4lP" At Palaveratn, May 28, Lieut. Condo, Ir • ~ ..,,ii ii Regiment, N.I. G' Ta ll At Ahmedabad, May 1, of fever, Lieut..: 7' . •-:- „,, ••• ' 23th Regt. N . I. At Colaba, May 14, W. Ifynde, gilt ~,,,, ,i ' • , _ PAINTIM AND PI J ELISHRD iv . lIIVIIOO 00, Till Sus OuleS, te, srsop, Los' Veal 6 0 0 lnito.pv• g , 0 4 0 6 Eggs. Pet a 144 1 0 7 "1, a II ! Lamb, per qr. 1 0 9 6 qt 11404 Tallow, cwt.... 35 097 6 Wheat t100 ,0, u 6 Quartern Loaf 0 7 0 9 'Bale Ditto «, 0 3 e otatoes. 1711 b. 0 5 0 ay, pat.. GLASGOW CORN M AR ET: Wheat fully supports Its prier, and a moderate Miro Barley and Oats have a goal sale at. advsser• Li; VA: 27 rof.e. D A.IO 4k, 1