The Sun. — London, England, 1830-01-05 00:00:00

NOW T 2 1 0 2 1 0 I° 3 4 I° 4 1 0 2 ° C OMMERCIAL TRAVELLERS' SOCIETY. Yesterday the members of this Society dined to gether at the London Coffee-house, Ludgate-hill, celebrate the 30th anniversary of its institution. Mr. Alderman WINCHF,STER took the (hair, in stead of Mr. Alderman Garrett, the President of the Society, who was prevented from attending in con sequence of a recent domestic affliction. Several patriotic toasts were given, and several eloquent i speech es were ma d e, b y t h e worthy Chairman r the course of the evening, in aid of the funds of the , institution. In mentioning the benefits which had already been derived from it, he stated that .there were at present on the fund, 55 members, 72 widows, 41 children, and six orphans ; and that the sums which had been paid in by the claim ants on the fund were 6,1951. 25., whilst those which had been paid to them and their families were 49,55:3/. 10s. 3d., independently of annual allowances to the amount of 1,3931. 10s. The . health o f t h e Duke of Wellington, and his Ma• jesty's Ministers, was drunk with three times three; and after the first cheers had subsided, they were succeeded by an enthusiastic shout from the gentle men assembled, which intimated great popularity on the part of the present Administration with the commercial part of the community. On the health of Mr. Ward, the Member for the City, being given from the Chair in a neat and eloquent speech, that gentleman briefly returned thanks. He told rho meeting that it was ley confidence in the Duke of Wellington and his colleagues that every thing must be done to alleviate the existing distress. By that confidence, if all could not be done that they might wish, some abatement might still take place in that pinching distress which now affected all classes of the commercial world. He also intimated that he had no doubt that though some interruption had taken place to the general prosperity of the 'country, which all of them must wish to see restored, that . interruption would only be of short duration. These !sentiments were received with great applause by the commercial gentlemen assembled at the dinner, as were also several allusions subsequently made to the benefits which the country had realized from the practical operation of the principles of free trade. After Mr. Alderman Winchester vacated the chair, • it • was taken by Mr. Chapman Marshall, who an nounced that the donations in support of the charity which had been that evening received, amounted to upwards of 4501. THE LATE LUNACY CASE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—The late proceedings relative to Mr. Davies have aroused, as they were well calculated to do, the indignation of the public and the severe animadver sions of the periodical Press. As a member of the medical profession, as a practitioner who has treat; a very large number of insane persons, and who has done his utmost, and is ready to do his utmost, to alleviate this most helpless, most destitute, most unfortunate class of our fellow-creatures; as one who has, in the best manner he could, submitted the re sults of his experience to a discernin g and liberal public ; as one, Sir, thus circumstanced, I cannot but view the late proceedings in Mr. Davies's case with a feeling of melancholy regret; and the more so, as the daily Press evinc e a desire to cast a stigma en those practitioners who have devoted their more particular attention to this, the most difficult depart ment of medical practice. Dr. Morrison has a quo tation from the learned Jaubius, which rays that "the care of the human mind belongs to the prac titioner of medicine. It is the most noble branch of our office." If this be so, surely it is desirable that the most talented and best men in theprofession should be induced to exercise it ; and if this be con ceded to me, I ask, is it by endeavouring to fix a stigma on this " noble branch," that the best men and most talented physicians may he induced to follow it ? On the contrary, is not this the mo , t likely- means to force the unhappy lunatic into ig norant, cruel, and avaricious hands ; has it not here tofore done so for the most part ? By stigmatising this department of medical practice, who suffers and who will suffer—the lunatic! and the honourable, and therefore sensitive practitioner, who will either abandon, or refrain from, this line of practice. Its my late " Observations on the Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment of the Derangeme nt of the Mind," I entered pretty fully into this question in theseventh page of the Preface; and as this work has received the warm commendations of all the numerous Critics who have done me the honour to review it, amongst whom I have the pleasure, Sir, to rank yourself, I venture to conclude, that my view of that part of the subject is not only just, but has the advantage of being recognised to be so by many talented and learned persons. It is then the abuse of this most difficult, as well as "most noble blanch of our Office," that should call down the severe castigation of the Press, and, on the other hand, the judiciou s and truly upright -exercise of it, should ensure the practition er a proportionate distinction; has it ever do ne so? I have been led into these observations b 7 the following extract from your comments on the subje ct :—" In England, the boasted land of law and liberty, the fiat of two Mad Doctors (assuming to a d opt the language cf our contem orary of the Morning, Herald the double office of magi s t rate and gaoler, and both for his own profit), is all t h at is required t o i ncarcerate him (the lunatic, or supposed l unatic g ) f oe ever ; a power honest man perhaps which no man ouht to p oss e ss , an d w i t h w hi c h no would desire to be entrusted." In this we fully Agree • but Sir,M the term " ad Do t '" c orficate of lunacy a.fter prop er exam i nat i on. Are M r. Lawrence, Dr. Bl undell, Dr. Davis, and many eas others who gave th e i r ev id ence in Mr. Davies's ('s Mad Doctors ? Certainly not, as the term is generally understood. Every one now seems to feel that something more must be done, not only to secure the liberty and e P r operty o f an imputed lunatic, but to secure the bst aid for him who is undoubtedly insane; and " l ay not t hi s latter be effected by the powers of the Commissioners of Lunatics ? Did the Commis sioners see Mr Davies pending his imputed lunacy ? I-4 °es this form' any part of their official duties Not • withsta nding the remonstrance I have had the temerity to make, I believe, Sir, that I have the itth. atlige to be in accordance with yourself, as well 48 the w hole periodical Press : our object is the 4iiittlelioration and prevention of insanity ; this has iZ e t n he t n i Ystoxious study for many years, and I can- With P leelin g a very great interest on the subject. this obedienrib myself your most Pekgn t a nd obliged humble servant, PAUL SLADE KNIGHT, M.D. Gloss!), Nor Manchester, Jan. 4, 1830 irgh .j 6r thlt! Ice ivr e div ool" I AC' loo S tl i t thr (I, d esPatehe s Were .sent off from the Forvign cnmicere yesterday eveniog for Mr. DAWKINS, our Resident d e rcP• They were sent by a messenger who was es- Kited from the Colonial Office to Ancona, with des- Patch „. Jor it FREDT:RICK ADAM, the Lord High Corn lonian Islands. The Nen) Monthly ?Magazine of the present monthq,_ has much to its credit, n e- i ' ade the anaemic honour !: ~‘,...701r. AnTutta BROOKE, the talented Editor of the A in. 7 Herald._a It appears thas a correspondent front Kent, : Meal to Mr. B had wilfully misled the New Monthly Ale in' o t • of that Paper, ottia Tuary notice of the late Proprietor ttl y tio scribed to the latter Gentleman " writings and exer• o'7 1 , 4 1 ',,"„ in the cause of liberality," which were performed (sir / uuy by Mr. BROOKE . A y, s. I'LEMING, Esq his. M.P., ataudit at r ,r J„ neh . tr" • e t , 'hi, on th e 21. th ult., made a reduction of 15 per ft ,(/ of i on hi s rents and tithes ; which, with an abundance ; JO' sl::_,English f are , an d an assurance that his liberality 11111 7. be r e p eated as frequently as circumstances would 4444., gave th e hi ghest satisfaction to our worthy Member's w its --1- lampshire Adverti ser . r "W - hen GEORG E COLMAN was th e m anager ,7 t he M ~0 1 : heatr! Royal, Haymarket, one of the useful classo Rhin , applied t o hi m for an engagement , to do any ' P C, " Can } - ou," , said the wag, undertake to d o ubl e Gratiano, Salario, and Salarino."---"1 i rne the first three, stud the poor actor, " very . , 3 'D'u will undertake to doubl e Sala- rino. COBURG THE ATRE. A new lively little pece, from the pen of the in defatigable ThomAs DinntN, entitled The Princess of Siam, or the Roy" Elephant, was last night pro duced at this theatre. An immense number of ad mirable parodies, in which Messrs. CoNQUIzsT and SLOMAN particularly distinguished themselves, were introduced into this drama with excellent effect. With regard to the hetoinc, the elephant, she is an apparently young, and, as Mr. DAVIDGE truly ob served, a timid performer. A few nights, however, will overcome her timidity, and she will doubtless then evince decided genius and intellect as a lady. like comedian of the new school. On introducing her to the notice of the audience, Mr. DAVIDGE held a long and serious conversation with her on the propriety-of thanking the public for their patronage, to which her ladyship replied in the most affable arid condescending manner. The house as usual was crowded, and the drama received with loud applause. The elephant will no doubt become a prodigious favourite. TO TIIE GENTLEMEN WHO DIRECT THE LONDON PRESS. From an impression early imbibed, and confirmed by daily experience, that all classes, sects, and parties, in all countries, have emanated from notions of error relative to human nature, I have • never connected myself with any of them except by kind feelings and good will impeding me to attempt an amelioration of their condition. Having also re cently disconnected myself from all private com mercial interests, I have been induced to employ my time in an attempt to penetrate and unveil the mysteries which have produced such extraordinary anomalies as now exist in the most civilized coun tries, but more especially in the British empire. I have endeavoured to ascertain the real cause why the British population, with a power of production new in the history of mankind, and capable, if they were rational in their proceedings and the power rightly directed, of over-supplying the wants or desires of ten, or twenty, or thirty times its present numbers, so large a majority of this population should be at the present moment contending, with all their ener gies, to obtain an increase of property, while a con siderable number are in want of the first necessaries Disregarding the theories and prejudices of all, I have been induced to examine carefully such facts connected with the subject as my intimate acquaint ance with various classes, sects, and parties, enabled me to collect and compare together, without being influenced in my decisions by the educational or natio►►al feelings or prepossessions of any of the local divisions of which society is compo.ed. The re sults of this investigat►on I have submitted to the consideration of the British Cabinet, and await its decision. I am strongly impressed with the conviction that the Government of this country will not, that it can not, much longer stiffer the population of the British dominions to continue to be overwhelmed with an abundance which, as circumstances now are, necessarily inflicts with poverty and vatiOus unjust hardships the producers of that abundance, while, at the same time, the empire contains dormant manual and scientific powers sufficient to increase the real wealth of the population twenty, fifty, nay more than an hundred-fold. This is an irrational state of existence, which it is greatly for the best interest of every individual, whatever may be his rank, station, or condition, to terminate in the shortest period practicable, without creating by the change permanent evils of magnitude. Such is the object which has been attempted in the expose which has been presented to the British Cabinet. The subject, however, is necessarily most exten sive, and in its results ►will materially affect the feel ings, the interest, and condition of every individual in the British dominions, and, ultimately, of those who inhabit other countries. A sultj,et F o comprehensive requires much eluci dation to enable the population to understanl its Practical effects, through all its ramifications, upon their respective conditions, occupations, and em ployments. - In addition to the subject, as submitted to the consideration of Government, I have prepared ad dresses to the various existing classes, explanatory of their situation• and the manner in which they would be affected by the proposed change in the condition of society. These addresses are as brief as the subject of each will admit; many of them will not occupy more than a half of one of your columns, some not so much, but a few of them will require a fuller de velopemen t. There is no private interest or party object in the slightest degree connected with them—they arc solely intended for the public good. Upon this ground alone I request the use of your columns for one of these addresses every alternate day until the meeting of Parliament, that, by that period, its Members and the public may have the subject fully before them. You, as well as the public, have a deep stake in . this matter; and when the whole subject shall be placed fairly before you, it will be open to your scrutiny, and I desire it may receive your support, or call forth your censure and opposition, as it may appear to you to merit the one or deserve the other. I am, gentlemen, your faithful servant, Bedford-square, Jan. 4, 1830. ROBERT OWEN. The Earl of ABERDEEN gave a grand dinner yesterday evening at Argyle House, to some of the Foreign Ambassadors and Ministers, and a select !tarty of the nobi lity and gentry. Among the company were the Russian Ambassador, and the Princess LIEVEN ; the French Am bassador, and two of the Secretaries to the Embassy; the Prussian Minister and the Baroness Bulow ; Mr. Se cretary and Mrs. PEIL; Sir STitATFORD CANNING, Lord DUNGLAS, THE EXCLUSIVES.—The interest excited by the appearance of this work daily increases. Rumour, says the Court Journal, is already weary of the conjectures with which she has been tasked on the subject of this fashionable mystery. " Illustrious," " royal," " noble," " distinguished," have been the epithets successively ap plied to the veiled prophet of " The Exclusives." The report of one week assigns the honour to an Earl—of the next to a Countess—of to-day, to an union co-partite be tween a Peer and Preress. Some insist that the book was originally written by a foreign Prince, and that it is presented to us through native interpretation ;—others as sert that its plan was suggested by Royalty itself, and filled up by the intervention of a more laborious hand. Who shall decide ?—Authors do not, like actors, implicitly obey what is termed the " call of the public :" their timidity o• caution is often proof against a springe baited with laurel ; and the Great Unknown of to-day may choose to retain an aerial celebrity as perplexing and un substantial as that of the shadowy author of Junius. JEFFERSON'S OPINION OF THE FRENCH PEOPLE.-I cannot leave this great and good country without expressing my terry t .of its pre-eminence of cha racter among the natives of the earth. A more benevo lent people I have never known, nor greater warmth and devotedness in their select friendships. Their kindness awl accommodation to strangers is unparalleled, and the hospitality of Paris is beyond any thing I had conceived to he practicable in a large city. Their eminence, too, in science, the communicative dispositions of their scientific men, the politeness of the general manners, the ease and vivacity of their conversation, give a charm to their society to be found no where else. In comparison of this with other countries, we have the proof of primacy which was given to TIIEMISTOCLES after the battle of Salamis. Every General voted to himself the first reward of valour, and the second to TIIEMISTOCLES. So, ask the travelled inhabi tant of any nation. " In what country on earth would you rather live?"—`' Certainly ie my own, where are all my friends, any relations, and the earliest and sweetest affections and recollections of my Which would be your second choice ?"—" France."—Jefferson's Me moirs and Correspondence. The small-pox are very prevalent in Methuen and neighbourhood. An old woman, upwards of eighty years of age, has been ill with them, but is at present re covering ; they have, however, proved fatal to a mut of 71, near thiv.—Perth Courier. SPORTING INTEL!,TnENCE. TATTERSALL:.. The greatest anxiety was mAnifest, , i ye•oertlay to a.e,r. tain the extent and cli-racter of the entries for the Grua Doncaster St. Leger, which does not lose any of the in. terest or importance which has so long attached to it, The North Country soma to have surpassed itself in thi admirable lot entered, nor does it appear that the Scold, Country has given op its intention to wrest this splerond prize from their spirited rivals. The odds, yesterday, averaged as fellow:— DERBY'. 8 to 1 agst Sir Mark lirood's The 31ainmer 9 to 1 agst Mr. Petre's Brunswicker 13 to I agst Sir M. Wood's Cetns 18 to 1 ngst Mr. Chifney's Cressida colt IS to 1 agst Lord Cavendish's Mouse co;t 17 to I agst Lord Exeter's Mahmoud 20 to 1 agst Lord Sefton's Sal colt 20 to 1 agst Lord Cleveland's Wat Tyler 20 to 1 agst Mr. Ramshottom's Zuch - trelli 25 to 1 agst Lord Tavistock's Costar I colt 25 to 1 agst Lord Sefton's Captain Arthur 25 to 1 agst Lord Egremont's Brother to Grampus 30 to 1 agst Lord Sligo's Brine 30 to I agst Lord Sefton's Mouche 40 to 1 agst Mr. Petre's The Major 40 to 1 agst 31r. Houhloworth's Brother to Lancastrian. 04103. 6 to 1 agst Lord Sefton's Mouche 9 to I agst Lord Queensberry's Skirl- to Emma 9 to 1 spit Mr. Stonehetrer's Leeway filly 13 to 1 agst Lord Jersey's Filagree filly 16 to 1 agst Mr. Maberley's Zelus 17 to 1 apt Lord Exeter's Shumla ST. LEGER. 9 to 1 agst Lord Cleveland's Rahv 11 , to 1 agst Mr. Pore's Bronswicler 16 to 1 agst Mr. Richardson's Sir Nicholas 16 to 1 agst Duke of Leeds's Lady Mowbray 22 to 1 agst Mr. Petre's Reginald 25 to 1 agst Colonel Cradock's The BarlYr. GREAT DONCASTER ST. LEGER. CONTINUED. Mr. Noreen's 1. by Orville—Romanne. Mr. llouldsreurth's ch. c. Brother to Lancastrian. Beagle. hr. f. Christiana, mister to Fanny Davies. Mr. Grant's ch. f. The Balkan, by Blacklock. Duke of Portland's c. by Tires;as—Entily. Sir Mark Wcod's eh. e. The Mummer. b. C. by Cetus. Mr. Theakston names b. c. Sketch-bm.k, by Ruben% Mr. Beardsworth's hr. c. Birmingham. Colonel Yates's h. f. by Whisker—The Dick Andrews mare. Sir T. Stanley's b. c. by Whisker—The Maid of Erin. Mr. Clifton's ch. f. Moss Rose. Mr. Ramshottom's c. Zucharelli, by Tircsias—Landscape, Mr. Shird's hr. c. Dc Vere, by Reveller—Vsle Royal. Mr. Anson's c. Portrait, by Morisco, Miniature. f. by Whisker—Elizabeth. Mr. W. Cliiiney's Snarl, by Wrangler—Charlotte. c. by Emibus—Cressida. Mr. Disclilock's b. f..by Osmond. HIS MAJESTY'S PLATES-1829. The following is a List of the Winners of King's Plates in England awl Scotland (luring the last seasoo NEWSIA K ET, MA Y 5. —Lord Sefton's Souvenir beat Duke of Graftan'e NEWMARKET, MAY 7.—Mr. Walker's Spondee beat Lord G. Cavendish's Rapid Rhone. CHESTER., MAT s.—Sir T. Mostyn's Big Ben beat Mr. Mr. Mytton's Euphrates, and Sir I'. Stanley's Herbert Lacy. MANciIBSTE Ft, JUNE 10. —Mr. Margetson's Brunswick beat Mr. Edwards's Architect. ASCOT, JUNE 16.—Lord G. Cavendish's Rapid Rhone beat Mr. Clarke's Scipio, his Majesty's Derrise, and Lord Mountchat lea's Coronet. ASCOT, JUNE 19.—(For Clarke's Job beat Mr. Cotterell's Speculation, General Grosvenor's Pollia, Mr. Dickinson's Miss Hazard, and Mr. Hayne's Rembrandt. EDINBURGH, JUNE 18. —Mr. Dayid4on's Victory beat Mr. Baird's Dominie Skelp, and Mr. Cruickshank's Navarin. ASCOT, JUNK SO.—Doke of Richmond's Helenus heat Mr. Maberley's Palemon, Lord Cavendish's Rapid Rhone, Lord Sefton's Bobadilla, and Mr. Clarke's Scipio. NEWCASTLE, Jinx 7.—Sir C. Monck's Black Heddon beat Mr. Baillie's Taurus. Guunroan, JULY 7.-11 Ir. Dockeray's Linkboy beat Mr. Clarke's Job, Mr. Burges.'s Hal, Mr. Coleman's Sally of the Valley, Mr. De Burgh's Sunshine, anti Mr. Thorn- ton's Sarah. Irswicir, JULY 7.—Colonel Wilson's Lamplighter beat Lord Sefton's Souvenir. CriEtatsroßn, JULY 21.—Duke of Grafton's Turquoise walked orer. YORK, JULY 29.—General Sharpe's Malek heat Mr. Bow ser's Rufus. WINCHESTER, Aun. 4.—Mr. Sadler's Jocko beat Mr. Mills's Brownlock, and Mr. Coming's Aura. LEWES, Aug. 4.--Mr. Gully's Gatneboy beat Capt. Locke'a Spondee, Mr. Iliinea's Renibrandt, and Mr. Clarke'a Scipio. SALISBURY, AUG. 21.—Mr. Sadler's Jock° beat Mr. Hiard's Profile, Mr. Bland's His Highness, and Sir E. Baket's Miss Watt. CANTERBURY, Aug. 19.—Captain Locke's Gatneboy beat Mr. Kettle's Laburn. Wanwicx, Sam Sadler's Jocko beat Mr. Beardsworth's b. c. by Master Henry. Lthurt ELI), SEPT. S.—Mr. Mytton's Euphrates beat Duke of Richmond's The Alderman. DONCASTER, SEPT. 14.—Lord Scarbrough's Cambridge walked over. WEvalouru, SEPT. 15.—Mr. Finch's Moses beat Mr. AI ills's Brownlock. CAr.List.E, SEPT. 3.—Mr. Hudson's The Earl beat Mr. Wilkinson's Dickey Walkington, Sir C. Monck's Black Heddom Mr. Margetson's Brunswick, and three others. LINCOLN, SEPT. 23.—Lord Fitzwilliam's Ballad Singer beat Mr. Hodgson's Emerald. NEWMARKET, OCT. 1 . —Duke of Rutland's Cadland beat Mr. Thornhill's Mariner. RICHMOND, Szrr. 30.—Mr. Petre's Delphine beat Sir J. Beresford's f. by Reveller—Lisette, and Duke of Leeds's Jenny Mills. CALICOCINIAN HUNT, OCT. 14.—Mr. Davidson's Victory beat Mr. Margetson's Brunswick. NOTTINGHAM, OCT. 22.—Mr Houldsworth's Terror heat Lord Scarbrough's Cambridge, Mr. Golden's Robin Hood, and Mr. Stephenson's Brush. HUNTING INTELLIGENCE. AFPOINTMENTS FOR THE ENSUING WEEK. (In consequence of the frost, the Appointments for several Fox Hounds hare not keen made as usual.) The Sotnersetshire Subscription Fox Hounds, on Tues day, at St. Audries ; and Friday, at Crowcombe Park gate—at Half-past Ten. The Brookside Harriers, on Monday, at Newmarket- Hill ; Wednesday, at Ashcombe, the alternate Wednesday at the Kennel ; and Friday, at Telscombe Tye—at Half past Ten. Mr. R. K. Sampson's Hounds, on Monday, at West dean; Thursday, at Bourne; and Saturday, at Mr. Ade's, Duffles—at Tcn. The Brighton Harriers on Monday, at Patcham ; Wed nesday, at the Rare Course ; and Friday, at the Dyke—at Half-past Ten. Mr.Shawe's Hounds, on Monday, at Kingsbury Woods, and Friday, at Mile Oak—at Half-past Ten. The Badsworth Fox Hound*, on Tuesday, at Kings ton-hill; Thursday, at lirodswortls ; and liatu:day, at Notton Village—at Half-past Ten. The Shropshire Fox Hounds, on Tuesday, at the Fox, Albrighton; Wednesday, et Eaton Ala•cott ; Friday, at Sundorn Castle; and Saturday, at Woodcote—at Half past Ten. The Worcestershire Fox Hounds, on Tuesday, at Stone Bow-turnpike; and Friday, at Biehopta Wood—at Half past Ten. THE FANCY-NEAL AND SAM. The umpires appointed to decide the disputed question respecting this match—namely, whether the fight was prevented by " Magisterial interference" or not, and whe ther Neal's backers ought to forfeit the battle•money to Sam—met yesterday and agreed to the nomination of a referee high in the sporting world, upon whose impartial judgment every reliance may be placed. In this discussion two points are involved ; first, whe ther the arrest of Neal by the Union Hall officers, by or der of Mr. Chambers, the Magistrate, is, according to the terms of the articles under which the fight was to have taken place, to be considered " magisterial interference," or not? and next, if it is, whether it was in any way influenced by either Neal or Sam's friends? Should either party appear to' have induced the obtrusion of the officers, a forfeit will be declared on the part of the offender. If it should be decided that the Magistrates did not interfere at all, of course Neal must forfeit. Neal will preside at a convivial meeting, at the Castle Tavern, Holborn,. on Friday eichhig, when harmony and good humour will be the order of the night. ACCIDENT.-A MAN AND W II•E KILLED. Yesterday inquisition was taken a , Bf. Thomas'. Ilosilitnl, lielore WM. PA YNE, the City Crlro:l , r, 10!1!!111:1 12 ; the death of Mai Cornell, aged Co ; rogei her with her husbaini, was run over whil:it crossirg theroad. Wm. John son, Pitt•street, Kr , nt-rwril, about five o'clock in the evening of that Icy k was standing at the door of the Anchor and Hope, Broad-wall, when he saw the deceased and her husfiand staggerinir : across the road intoxicated. There was a cart corn ing up immediately behind then-, the road was very slippery, and they both fell u nder the wheel of the cart, which passed over them before the driver, who was proceeding at a slow rate, could stop his horse. Witness instantly ran and picked up the deceased, she groaned dreadfully, and cried our, " Oh Inv leg;" he looked at her right leg and saw the bloc)] running from it in a stream, and she was taken to that Hospital. The deceased's husband was picked up about the same time by another person, when his arm was found to be badly broken, and he was taken on the following day to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, where he died on Thursday last of a mor tification. Mr. H. W. Sutton, one of the Surgeons of the Hospital, stated that the deceased was brought there on the evening of that day week. He ex amined her right leg, and found a severe:compound fracture near the aucle ; the bone was so dreadfully shattered that, as the only chance of saving life, it became necessary to amputate the limb, which was accordingly pet formed. She went on well for a few days, but an unfavourable change subsequently took place, she declined rapidly, and expired on Sunday morning. --Verdict " Accidental Death."—• Deodand on the cart one shilling. SHIPWRECK ON THE COAST OF ESSEX, LOSS OF LIFE. (Prom the Essex Mercury.) A wreck of the most distressing nature happened on the Gunfleet Sand off this coast during the late heavy gales. A brig called the Craig Elarhie, of Leith, with a crew of seven men, left Belfast on or about the 24th day of November last, laden with a cargo of provisions, bound to the port of London, the wind at S.S.W., fine weather. Soon after it changed, when the brig was brought up in the Long Hope, and continued there for several days. At length the weather moderated, which induced the master to proceed on his passage; and when off the Steeples, ou the coast of Northumberlard, he encountered a heavy gale at N.E., and lout part of his sails, bulwark, &c. On the night of the 22d of December the vessel was aback of Yarmouth Sands, under double-reefed topsails, wind blowing strong E.N.E., and thick with snow. At day-light next morning shock out reefs, and proceeded, and made the Stink Light about four p.m. of the same day, wind blowing heavy : elese-reefed the fore-topsail, and trysail, and double-reefed the main topsail, and hove the vessel to; at six , p.m. the tide making, the main-top was filled wiCt her head to the northward, and shortly after she came to the ground ; the sails were hove back in hopes of getting her off again; finding it of no use, filled on her in the hope of forcing her over, but all attempts were use less. Lights were hoisted in the main-rigging for assistance, and the pumps set to work, but the water gained on them considerably. The crew fearing the vessel might fall on her broadside, determined on • launching the boats, but in a few minutes after they had made them fast alongside, they were dashed to pieces; soon after the sea began to ►nt.ke a breach over her in every direction, and it became necessary for the crew to take to the rigging. Six of them took the larboard side, whilst the other took the starboard ; shortly after she fell on that side, with her sails in the water, which added greatly to the weight of them, and occasioned both masts and the bowsprit to break, and washing away the men on that side. The others were compelled for safety to hold by the channels, and remained in- that posi tion till eight o'clock on the following morning. It being nearly low water, they were enabled to stand on part of the deck. At ten o'clock they took to the channels again, but finding the water likely to reach them there, they got on the tale-rail, being the highest part of the wreck from the sea. At one o'clock the master breathed his last, and was soon washed overboard; shortly after oae of the crew fol lowed, and after him another, leaving only three re maining. The mate lashed himself to the rail, but died soon after from cold, hunger, and fatigue. The surviving two, who had witnessed the fate of their late shipmates, were greatly exhausted also, and soon expected to have shared the same fate, as night was approaching fast, and the gale still conti nuing: luckily, however, the wreck was discovered by Robert ,Cleave, master of the smack New Union, of this port, at about three o'clock p.m., and he de termined to approach as near as he could, in order to ascertain whether there were any lives on board; not being able with his vessel to get sufficiently near, he proceeded with two of his hands in his boat, at great risk, through the breakers, and fancied, as he approached nearer, he could discern some person on board, and when at the distance of five hundred yards off, he could proceed no further with his boat : he then got on the sand up to his waist in water, giving directions to his compa nions to remain in the boat till he should return; as he approached he could plainly perceive the head of some persons on board, which made him still more anxious to get to the wreck. At length he succeded in reaching within 50 yards of the spot, and calling loudly, the man on board looked towards him, when he told him, to use his own words," that he had come to save his blessed life," but that he could ap proach no nearer, and begged the man to throw a broken spar, or any thing he could get, into the sea, and cast himself in after, and he would endeavour to pick him up; the man on board made him no answer, neither did he attempt to move from where he was standing. Cleave again reported, that if he did not do as he?old him, he must leave him, and accordingly walked away, in hopes that he might in duce him to do it; finding he still stood there and motionless, he again went hack, and urged him, but with no better success; he then attempted to get to the ►wreck, but found it impossible On account of the water; after waiting a short time he determined on making the attempt though it should cost hint his life; fortunately he succeeded: the first object he beheld on getting on board was one of the crew lying dead; further on another lifeless; and beside him the man whom he had seen in an exhausted state. No time was to be lost, as night was draw ing near, and taking the man in his arms, he suc ceeded in carrying him from the wreck, and placed him on the sand while he went hack for the other, whom he was so fortunate as to rescue from a watery grave. They were both unable to walk; he therefore was compelled to carry and drag them along through the water, and by great exertion and perseverance he reached his boat, and conveyed them on board his vessel, ar►d proceeded to Wiven hoe, where he arrived next morning. For the courage and intrepidity displayed by the crew, and more particularly by Robert Cleave, the master of the New Union, on this, as on former occasions, it is hoped they may meet with a suitable reward. The wreck went to pieces shortly after the men were rescued, and no part of the cargo has been saved. Mr. VESEY FITZGERALD was considered to be a little better yesterday. Mr. PEEL visited the Right lion. Gentleman. O LDCOURT.—TiIe author of this Work has evidently derived his materials from the occurrences of real life, and has shewn an intim ite acquaintance with the unseen and mysterious workings of the human heart. The hero, Sir W. n'Aucv, is an admirable portrait of a young man of fashion of the present day. His education at Ox ford—his entrance into the Dragoons—his subsequent ad ventures in England and Ireland, and the many dangerous situations to which - lie was exposed in the American campaign, are replete with interest. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS The Irish Papers have opened the new year with offerings, which are not exactly peace offerings. The two most unwearied (would wt might say unwearviug) letter-writers of the art have again led forth their formidable columns. His Right Rev. Lordship, the Bishop of Fern, of immitigable activity,—fierce, tough, unbend ing, unqualifying,—treating his readers like his adversaries, by showing no mercy to either,—has written an epistle to Lord Mountcmhel, which the Dublin Mall, with equivocal praise, pro fesses '' sincere satisfaction" in announcing to be the last with which the Right Rev. Champion of the Church of Ireland will vouchsafe to honour the Noble Earl. Mr. O'Connell has also bestowed his diffidence on the public, in the shape of two political exhortations, of one of which the avowed purpose is to canvass the county of Limerick on behalf of Colonel O'Grady, and to the discomfiture of Mr. Daw son, who is represented by Mr. O'Connell to stand on the interest of the Toiy oligarchy. So far as the electioneering prospectus of each party goes, that which we have seen exhibits a list of " Lords" pretty nearly equal on both sides: for the candidates themselves, we know little of either, except that Colonel O'Grady has the reputation of being a brave and experienced soldier, an entertaining companion, and a man of strong natural abilities : he is eldest son of the Lord Chief Baron O'Grady, and married to Lord Anglcsea's niece. For a dispas sionate observer, the most important circumstance of this new county contest seems to be, that the Catholic interest is here—as henceforth, we ap prehend, it will be every where—no longer a collective power, operating for ends exclusively and politically Catholic, but dispersed thr oug h individual motives, and variously directed to party, personal, family, or public objects, like the elective influence, which may happen to be placed in the hands of Protestants and in an English county. Colonel O'Grady, neverthe less, ought to beware of assistance which can only injure him. Mr. O'Connell's second letter is one in self-defence, against some unintelli gible charge about the custody or non-custody of certain archives of the defunct Association, — and against another, of preventing a gentleman, named Mr. Frincis Wyse, from getting 4001. or 5001. from the empty treasury of the said Association, to defray the costs which he had incurred in actions brought against him for "libelling" two or three of th e I.lagistrates. It appears that this gentleman had been amerced in damages to the amount of 5001.; but unless the libelling of the magistracy had been recognized as a public service to the Catholics of Ireland, we confess we are a little puzzled to discover on what plea the claim of this Mr. Wyse can be maintained.— Times. The Scotsman of Saturday last, after cha racterising the attempt to connect the Govern ment of Europe generally with the recent pro secutions as extravagant, and the attempt.; to cart all the odium of the prosecutions, if odiuin belongs to them, on the Whigs as unjust, the Whigs in and connected with the Cabinet not having strength greatly t o mo dif y , far less to direct its measures, proceeds to observe : " And bir James Scarlett, besides, never was what we considered a genuine Whig. This opinion of ours has been many years on record. But al though Sir James is less than a Whig, Mr. Brougham is more; and differing entirely from the Morning Chronicle, in holding that Mr. Brougham's appearance, along with Sir James Scarlett, in the conduct of these prosecutions, ought to be viewed as the common act of an ordinary lawyer in taking an ordinary fee—for we think the taking of a fee by one who has a name like Mr. Brougham to sup port the Attorney-General in managing State pro secutions, is equivalent to an approval of the mea sures—we are thus led to conclude that no design against the Press generally is entertained in the Cabinet. The Press, as a whole, has been generous to the Duke of Wellington. It has, in truth, been the great supporter of his Administration ; and as nothing was to be gained, while much was to be lost, by his turning round. upon his best friend and ablest advocate, we can neither think so badly of his Grace in regard to moral feeling, nor so meanly of his intellect, as to believe that, under the pretext of vindicating the personal character of his Majesty, and exposing the falsehood and malice of charges published against himself and the Lord Chancellor, I he would aim a deadly blow at the liberties of his country. We do not, and will not, as yet, believe this. We are convinced that there were others— we are anxious to think, sufficient—reasons for these various prosecutions. A short time will serve to show whether we are or are not here in the right." Our esteemed contemporary rather perplexes us here. It appears to us that the reasons for a prosecution must be sought for in the prosecu tion of:itself, and no where else. The motives of the Duke of Wellington in ordering the prosecutions may be very different from any that have hitherto been ascribed to him ; but we have all the light as to the reasons for the prosecution we ever can have. All the reasons which can be urged for a prosecution ought to be laid be fore the Jury. We say distinctly, that there can be no good reason for proceeding against any writer criminally for the tendency of his writings to bring Ministers into contempt ; and that the very principle of a free Press is struck at by all attempts to prevent the unrestrained expression of opinion as to the conduct of all public men. Our sentiments with regard to the articles pro secuted are no secret ; but if the principle be acted on, that we may put down the opinions, of which we disapprove, by the strong arm of the law, a writer can only hope to be secure so long as he is in favour with men in power ; whereas the chief use of a free Press is to ex amine, and, if necessary, to arraign the conduct of men in power. Our contemporary observes further : " We must also disapprove of the tendency of the ! comparison drawn by the Chronicle betwixt the deci sions of the French Judges, and the verdicts of our London Juries. We are quite willing to concede, that if Judges were not only named, but, at stated periods, removable by the people, the decisions of single individuals bred to the lam, especially in its constitutional branches, and with the feat of the people before their eyes, would be greatly superior to the verdicts of our present Juries; but it is for gotten that if the voice of society were so influential as to name and cashier Judges, the qualifications of the middle classes for discharging the functions of Jurors would be much higher; and, in all these side blows at Juries—in all general remarks having a tendency to excite a prejudice against Jurors, arid create a bias in favour of Judges, appointed, as they aq are in this country by the Crown—it is also for gotten (for the moment) that while English Juries have often displayed a spirit of independence, shied ing patriotism from the vengeance'of power, Engli h history tells us that English Judges have been the willing, corrupt, most efficient, and systematic in struments of bigotry, tyranny, and oppression. We do not make these remarks invidiously. And it is likely they would not have been made at all, had we not entertained a very high respect for our contem porary. The dronicle is a most honest, able, and intrepid Journal; but its errors are thus so much the more dangerous," Our sentiments with regard to English Judge,s are not ma!erially different fr," those ex; resscd by our contemporary ; and whatever we may think 01Jories, we have _never he , itated, in the present state of our Judietture, to prefer them ;ready to ,Judges ; and it was but ye:,terday th a t we expressly raid, we fear e-cm must wait a long tune Engl,tud before it e:oul:l he ad vantageous to rely rather on a Ju.iec than on a Jury." kVhat has chiefly rtetun'n:emd e d Juries to Englishmen is the circumstanc e that the law in itself being unjw , t, and the pr: ver. calling it into action hostile to the people, a :-ingle re o ltlte individual in the twelve c..am p...trt4se its :mo tion. Were the law alwaya framed in ac cordance with the interest of the community, it ought always to be carried into effect ; and the circumstance which now rewmmends Juries to us—namely, the chance th e y afford of cstape--- would. of course, be an evil. Asa tribunal, a Jury labours under the disadvantage of e•inder responsibility ; and, in all eases where the objCtt is justice, must be open to greAt objections. ` Referring to the late prosecutions, the Examiner of Sunday last observes— " The noble example of integrity and wisdom which has recently be en furni.h'ed by the French Judges, in the acquittal of the Editor of the .I,urnal des Debar, must surely suggest the qiiestion whe ther the boasted institution of Juries is iiideed so pre-eminently excellent a bulwark for the pro!ection of liberty, and the means of liber:e. as Englishmen have delighted to believe. Respon-ibility to public opinion is the grand moving end regulating principle of duty; and by Juries, responsibilne is reduced to the slenderest force. B etween t h e .I j ulge and the Jury it falls to the ground. The public iiiishoisfac tier) cannot fix upon the author of an evil deei•ion. It knows not what share to allot to the cluitr of the Judge, and what to the s'opidity, servility, aqii indifference of the Jury. If the fault should, bows ever, be obviously with the Jury, the disepprol etiou of society expends itself upon the mere untne, the twelve unknown men leave the box to bear titj brunt of the animadversion. For the recent dni t i s ti verdicts, what remedy have we aeainst the \ acres who returned them ? Their names are pie put to their handy work. We want even the poor com fort of their shame. Of this freedom from iedivi dual responsibility to the public, Juries are aware, while they too strongly feel the prole-tit rt ! Ve of the Judge's eye. If they succumb, and vFei-,`i.4 the exercise of their judgment to his aullioritf, they may prove the most pernicious nape go tin of a Magistrate's injustice. The Judge escapes lira be fitting odium, in such eases, under cc,ver of the Jury's verdict, and the twelve recreants escape yen sure through their personal obscurity, lint ing tftet empty name of Jury to suffer for their ini , condurt; Judges, between whom and public opinion iliettc is not this balk, must necessarily feel, with more strength, the force of responsibility ; and gard to their characters, and desire of the world's esteem, will powerfully bear them up against biases sinister to virtue. We sincerely believe that had Lord renterden tried the two last indieunritte against the Morning Journal without a Jury, re spect for his reputation for knowledge and sense would have compelled a verdict of Not Ouif t p” As far as responibility is concerned, tile spa curity of the party on trial is, no doubt, suffi ciently slender. Where a strong prejudice exists in society against any individual, he is much more likely to find justice from a Jtidge th;:at from a Jury. But a writer is seldom prosecuted who has not his adherents ; there is a chance that in the twelve men, there may be found one, who either shares his opinions, or does not alto. ;ether disapprove of his conduct, and, therefore, will not join in a verdict of guilty. In the case of Judges known to be hostile to the pteede, here would be no chance whatever, acrid time Press would be completely prostrated. In the case of a Jury deciding by majority, the choice of acquittal would be diminished. The circdun stance of one man having it in his power to pui his negative on the law, coupled with the diffi culty of so packing a Jury as to prevent the in troduction of one man not favourable to the pro secution, is - what has hitherto been the protee. tion of the Press. Titus what, if the law were good, would be a great evil, is a good because it has protected the people from a bad state of the law. By a mistake into which the Ameria cans fell, from taking us as a precedent, the Judges were made independent; and we find, from Jefferson's Memoirs, that the greatest mis chief has resulted from this. The Executive and Legislature are both dependent on, and identified with the people ; but the Judiciary have set themselves against People, Executive, and Legislature ; and have on several occasions, from factious motives, endeavoured to paralyse the Government, in critical conjunctures, when the Government had the support both of the Legis lature and the People, With Judges hostile to Government and People, and disposed, from fac tious motives, to abet designs dangerous to the State, a Jury which gives , the guilty ade:itional chances of escape, might be found an evil. Wherever the law is good, and the Magistracy are identified with the community, recourse to a Jury will always be unadvisable. Even ad mitting what the Scotsman assumes as to the improvement of the middle classes, the objec• tion to the slenderness of the responsibility re mains in full force ; and the chances of escape arc only not an evil when the law is bad. This last point has been handled in a masterly manner by Mr. Mill, in his account of the Trial of Warren Hastings, in the fifth volume of the History of British India In times of rude ness (he observes) which are times of turbu- lence, contests arefrequent for the Crown ; and the great men are ranged on different sides. If it happens to them sometimes to be on the win ning side, it Is equally incident to them to be on the losing. When that happens, the law will be employed to destroy them. And as they live in such a state of things that all foresee they may very probably stand in this predicament them selves, they all eagerly concur in establishing the credit of a rule that shall render it very difficult for the law to convict them ; in other words, that shall afford them many chances to escape. The moment, however, at which the law be comes good, and no man has power to wrest it iniquitously to his own purposes, the case is altered. The moment the law becomes such that it really ought to be executed, that it is good for the community it should be exactly executed, that it cannot, without mischief to the community in one instance be defeated of its execution, then every subterfuge by which he who has infringed the law may escape is an evil." It is proper that murder and robbery should be severely punished ; and no one will pretend to say that the law, when guilt is proved, c a n b e too often put in f orce . B ut in the case of the dreadful law of William and Mary against the denial of the Trinity which was lately repealed, it was only not productive of enormous evil be cause it was not enforced. To multiply the chalices of escape to a murderer is an evil—to multiply the chances of escape to a Unitarian tinder a persecuting law is a good. In like man ner, had the law respecting libel been a good taw, the conduct of the Government in consent- ing to its non-execution for the last ten y_.ars would have been aitoevil. - But the heat proof that they acted wisely is the alarm which is felt ~Y•~ Pit rived yee6 frog err o l PS tit fy rir 'siert it viFr rind , 134 I• 'rock Dnef wnf ikel titli' into 2 la 3 10 0 3 , 4 /a 5 1 0 , 2 ,