The Sun. — London, England, 1864-08-23 00:00:00

>so ibtjj . SUM 41` LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 23, 1864. " Save me from my friends r may well be the exclamation of any leader whose followers are irri tated into throwing off their allegiance and telling the secrets of the prison -house. In no case, how• ever, have the chiefs more reason to dread such plain speaking than in the present position of the so-called Liberal party, and the:letter* which Mr. JAMES A YTOITN has recently addressed to GEORGE WILSON, Esq., of Manchester, deals such trenchant blows at the hollowness and inconsistency of the specious professions of Wlaiggism, that it must re quire a good deal of stoic philosophy to " rest and 13.3 thankful" under them. Mr JAMES AYTOUN having been invited to accept the office of Vice- President of the National Reform Union, whose headquarters are at Manchester, and which may be reasonably supposed to be considerably under the influence of Mr. BRIGHT and his associates, ad dresses the gentleman who has been selected as President of that Association, in explanation of his reasons for declining the proposed honour. As an old Reformer, having been chairman of the Edin burgh Political Union of 1830.31, he is qualified to speak with some authority, and since he professes his adherence to the political code of the National Reform Union, Which sets before its members the same objects es those proposed by the first Earl of DURHAM, the loudest professor dares not deny his liberalism. Household Suffrage, Triennial Perna• merits, and the Ballot, are as far as most Reformers g o now- amleys ; nor is there much doubt that these three measures contain the outline of lasting and ex tensive Reform, not teat mere apparent alteration, which serves to p o i nt morals and bring perorations to a climax on the hustings; but that substantial change for the better in the administration of our national affairs, which should produce a material influence on the wellbeing of the Whole community. Mr. AYTOUN declares his political creed to be un changed, but.lie declines to enrol himself among the members of a body professing the verysam e pr i nciples because he has seen reason to distrust the p erform . ances of prof ess i ng Liberals, more especially of that ges Ikr,r BRIGHT as th eir section which ac k no wled ges leader and representative. Mr AYTOUN asserts th at all Reform schemes have been merely designed to * Real Reform and Sham Reform, a letter to George Wilson, Esq., of Manchester, by Tames AYtOUrit E'q• Hardwicke. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Irn DAT.—Moming, 6h. 2m,—Afternoon, 6h. 24m. lo•soit.Row.-Forting, 6i. 50m,—Afternoon, 7h. 12m. THROWING DIRT. See the " Comet." METE LONDON DAILY PRESS. 1 "Comet." See the rznim TWO CAMELS. See the Comet." 131,ACES OF PUBLIC ENTERTAINMENT, j. see the "Comet." TV HE COMMISSIONAIRES AND THEIR _IL CAPTAIN. See the "Comet." CRUELTIES OF THE NEW CLOSING ACT. See the " Comet." ITR. WOOLLEY'S REVENGE. See the "Comet" THE "con Er." New Monthly Journal, 2d No. I. on Sept. 1. Publi,hed by Allen, 20, Wad wick. LtLe, Paternoster-row, and to be hAd of all booksellers. MR. ALFRED MELLON'S CONGER LS EVERY EVENING, at Eight. RO Y ITALIAN OPERA HOUSE, CO VENT-GARDEN. THIS EVENING (Tuesday). Mdlle. C. Patti, Mdlle. Krebs Mr. Levy, Mr. R. S. Prattm, Mr. L.zarir., Mr. Patey, Mr. J. Winterbottom, and Ali lien Sou-alle. BAND OF ONE HUNDRED PERFOR3IERS. Operatic selection, " Don Giovanni," &c. On Thursday next, Ang. 25, a BEETHOVEN NIGHT, On Friday next, a Selection from Stabat Mater. On Saturday next, a Grand VOLUNTEER NIGHT. First Performance or the "Faust " Selection this season. Conductor, Mr. ALFRED MELLON. Promenade, Amphitheatre Stalls , and Am p hith eatre , One ; Dress Circle, 2s. ed. ; private Boxes, £1 i s . and 105. ed. Vhe Box Office is open from 10 till 5. OYAL PItIN CE SS' s THEATRE.— t_ Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining. THIS EVENING, BO RN TO GOOD LUCK. Paddy O'ltafferty, Mr. Dominick Murray, Ater which, THE bIiftEETS OF LONDON. Messrs. vinivg, J. Ra y, D. Fi her, D. Murray, J. Nelson, H. F orres t e r. Et• meilon ; Mrs. Henry Maiston, Miss Emma AnnY Gwynne. Barnett, and Miss 1' 11v N-6 fiIEAT E HE-R 0 PAL, ADLYHI. 6 , 411 e Proprietor anti Manager, Mr. B. W ebster. T iffs EVENING, MY WIFE'S MAID. Messrs. J, L. Toole, Y. Bedford, It. Phillips, and Mr,. Alfred Mellon. After wnicb, MASKS AN D FACES. Messrs. B. Webster, 33edfora, ft. Phillips, Billington, Stuart; Mrs. stirliug, Billington. and Aliss 11. bimms. To conclude with THE ACTOR'S RETREAT. Maus. J. L. Toole, r. bed.ord, and Miss Woolg,a. Commence at 7. VEW BOWER OPEREVIA HOUSE.- .1 Senora Georgi Cardinal, the eminent Spanish Come dienne, in Smyth Lee's new and eminently successtsl Come tta, HER ONLY FAILLN 6r . ; which, together with CY.MoN AND IPHIGENIA, ICED CHAMPAGNE, and THE KISS AND THE ROzE, will be repeated EVERY V.EN IN G. 10 MOSES AND SON • respectfully call attention to their large and well assorted stock of JUVENILE CLOTHING. The newest fames are combined with the latest and most fashionable oesigns, and the best workmanship. E. MOSES and SON give particular attention to this important branch of their business, and they can with confidence affirm that the prices ire such as must satisfy the most economical. Tills depart went is in a oistinct part of the premises, which will be tound a greet convenience for ladies and children, MOSES AND SON • respectfully invi:e public attention to their large and wen-assorted SUMMELs 6TOCK. MOSES AND SON'S • "SANDRINGHAM" WRAPPER kutroduCed by them) is the newest and mast fashiontble style of 'Overcoats for the season. MOSES AND SON'S , 1 • READY-MADE and BESPOKE CLOTHING for all classes and all ages. MOSES AND SON'S • CELEBRATED "INDISPENSABLE" SUIT, lrora 30s. E. MOSES AND HOSIERY and DRII . I4.IRY, for all classes and all ages. SON'S MOSES AND SON'S ire HATS AND CAPS, for all c asses and all ages. MOSES AND SON'S JD. BOOTS and SHOES, for all classes and all ages. :L - 7 4 MOSES AND SON'S u• OUTFIrS. for all classes, all age, and all climates. MOSES AND SON'S LONDON HOUSES, Afri, 155, 15?, 157, Minories; 63, 84, 85, 86, 87, 83, 89, Aldgate ; 505, 507, 508, New Oxtord—street ; J, 2,3, Bart-sheet; 137, 138, Tottenham-cuurt-road ; 288, Euston-road TO MOSES AND SON'S COUNTRY ESTABLISHMENT, Bridge-street, Bradlord, Yorkshire. EMOSES AND SON'S . Estabiishments are closed (very- Friday evening at athiset until t•aturday evening at sunset, when business is re aumed until li o'clock. . . . . A 1 articles are marked the lowest prices in plain figures. Any article nut appr,ved of will be exchanged, or the money re. urued._ _ _ List of Prices with Rules for Self-measurement, Fashion Card, and our new pamphlet, "The Tercentenary ; or, The Three Hundredth Isiithday of William 6haltbpeare," gratis tkNid post free. vTIOALS.— LIiAL ES HALL COMPAN Y'6 COALS. Direct from their own Collieries. Marquis'. 23s. per tan. I Double 20s. per ton. Top 225. „ Deep ....215. „ Well screened and delivered within five miles of their De pots, Westbourne Park-road, W., and 17, South Wharf, Paddington, W., and Maiden-lane, N. Best Coke Terms cash. JOHN SCOTT, Sole Lfgent VIIHE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," j. Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, Dan be had Every Evening of • G. R. GLI'.NIE, NEws AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN' supplied, as soon as published every Evening by HENRY BROOKS, Newspaper Agent, 21, Old Cavendisti street, W. serve "party interests and electioneering purpose," and even the redoubtable Reform Bill itself was, he considers, an incomplete measure adopted by the Whigs, in order to secure a long lease of office to themselves and political discomfiture I o their rivals. In this, if such was their object, they have un doubtedly succeeded. The Whigs have held a long, almost an undisputed, possession of political power since that day, and when real Liberals look for the results they are mortified and ashamed of their leaders. The truth is told in Mr AYTOUN'S search. ing phrases, when he declares that neither party are sincere in a d esire for Reform, and that the independent liberals are as bad as either, since they will not exercise the irfluence which has fallen to their share by refuting to support any Ministry who does not pledge itself distinctly on the question of Reform. If the Ballot members of the House of Commons were, says Mr AYTOUN, distinctly to in form the Government that they would only support them in consideration of their making the Ballot a Cabinet question, and that if they declined to do so they must, forfeit the assistance of the 150 or 200 members who advocate the Ballot, in all those mis cellaneous party encounters which so often affect the fate of a Government, the Whigs would be forced to adopt the Ballot or any other Reform brought before them in the same way. But this bold, straightforward course is never adopted by Mr BERKELEY and his followers. Nay more, on the occasion of the last general election, when Lord JOHN, the present Earl RUSSELL, was canvassing the City of London, and ingeniously concealing his " Rest and be thankful" opinions, the Ballot Society issued a recommendation to the electors to waive their principles on this occasion, 'and to support Lord RUSSELL against the Tories. Does MrAYTOUN give the real explanation of this when he says— " The great majority of the members who vote for the Ballot do so against the grain, because they are obliged. The Whig Government, knowing this, takes care to accommodate them by making the Ballot an open question; thus allowing the Ballot men to accept place and emolument under a Cabinet directly opposed to that great reform which they have been principally pledged to support." This is plain speaking, and language which is not likely to be popular, but it carries its moral never theless. As for the party cry of supporting a Libe ral merely because he calls himself a Liberal with out any regard to his actual conduct, Mr AYTOUN declines any such unreasoning prejudices. He argues, as we have always upheld, that "measures not men" must be the motto, if any real good is to be effected, and contends that more has been done by Tories than by Whigs to amend our institutions since 1831. He cites, in support of this assertion, the repeal of the Corn-laws, the emancipation of the Jews, and the abolition of the property duty, all obtained under Conservative auspices. And yet, he says, when two men appear together on a hustings, the electors are told to support the one who calls himself a Whig, regard less of his character, conduct, and abilities. Of Mr. BRIGHT'S conduct at the time of Lord DERBY'S Reform Bill he speaks strongly. A really sincere reformer would have suffered the bill to go into committee, there to be amended, instead of bring ing in a Whig Government unpledged and untram. melled,save with the condition of including some representative of the Manchester school. The re. form question is at a low ebb, but that, says the critic, is the fault of its so-called advocates, At any rate, the public have now heard some plain speaking, and it is their own fault if they are not a little more on their guard at the next election. The labours of the committee appointed to deter mine the practicability of protecting ships against the impact of shot cud shell have been brought to a conc:u,ion. After protracted and expensive ex periments the guns have proved triumphant. It is admitted that it is impossible to construct a ship which shall be proof against heavy artillery at that range. The Lord Warden target, which has been recently returned to Chatham Dockyard after being experimented upon at Shoeburyness, is completely riddled. Out of eleven shots which struck one plate eight penetrated it, passing completely through the target. There are, according to the report, upwards of one thousand tons of these plates at Chatham ready to be bolted to the sides of the Lord Warden and the Bellerophon, and the question Low naturally suggests itself to those who take the trouble to consider the matter, whether it would not have been better to experiment upon the tar gets before constructing the ships. As it is, the constructor of the navy, with no doubt the best in tentions and every hope of success, has introduced certain alterations in the structure of ships e war. He has the ccefldence of the Board of Admiralty, and no doubt at a time when everything appertain ing to naval matters is in a state of transition great latitude must be allowed to those in authority. At the same time, when so much money is being ex pended on the contest between armour-plates and heavy artillery, it would be well to look before we leap. The Ordnance Select Committee, for fear that our ships should be furnished with any but the best possible rifled gun, has provided them with none at all. We have thus the two extremes. Our ships are constructed upon the most approved principles, the armour plating is of the best iron, and the engines are manufactured by the best ene gineers in the world. Yet for actual warfare our navy is useless, unless by good fortune the enemy will permit our seamen to board him. The armour plating is not proof against guns such as the French, Russians, or Americans bring to bear upon it. Our old smoothbore sixty-eighths would not penetrate the sides of La Gloire even at close quarters, unless served with steel shot, an article unknown in our service, except at Shoeburyness; and although the Bellerophon is said to be superior as a ram to any ship yet constructed, it is more than doubtful whether she will be able to overtake a hostile frigate, preparatory to running her down. It is a peculiarity he Mr. REED'S plan of construction that his ships shall not sail fast. Whether it is his patriotic determination that his ships shall not run away from an enemy, or a humane wish that they shall not destroy him, we shall not decide, bat cer• tain it is that he has contrived to provide all his recently constructed ships with the minimum horse power compatible with their tonnage. Since the first introduction of armour plating various schemes have been promulgated to render ships invulnerable, some practicable, but many more impossible. A correspondent of a contemporary gravely suggests that armour-plated ships should be encased in a shell of timber, in other words that a wooden ship should be built around the iron one, which, he remarks, would prove a great protection to the iron one against shot. We do not expect the Board of Admiralty to take cog nisance of suggestions such as these, but we do think that they ought to take advantage of all available means of offence and defence. The success of our artillery engineers has Tendered iron plating come paratively useless for the navy, at least as far as experiments are to be trusted ; but it is a very different thing to hit a target fixed at a known dies tance, and to strike a ship in a seaway between wind and water. If it be impossible to keep out the enemy's shot, then the best thing to be done is to b oar d him, or else to get cut of range; in either case a superiority in speed is necessary, as THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 23, 1864. the sooner the engines of many of our steam frigates are overhauled the better. If we cannot keep out the shot of the enemy, at least let it not be said that we cannot penetrate his defences ; and lastly, if it be impossible for a ship to carry armour plates sufficiently thick to protect her entire broadside, why not carry a belt round the water-line, which is in reality the vital part of a ship, and let the upper parts take their chance. We are continually reading of the wonderful improvements being made in one or other of the dockyards ; now it is that emtra hands are employed day and night at Ports mouth to bring forward the .11ido for commission, then there are a hundred hands have been dis charged from Chatham. All this is orthodcm, no doubt; but we confess that we would rather have a few fast ships and heavy guns, than fine words and empty promises. LITERATURE. RECENT TRAVELS. Life in Java ; with Sketches of the Javanese. By William Barrington d'Almeida. Two Tole. Hurst and Biackett. In these volumes we are favoured with a very interesting glimpse of a comparatively unknown people. Books on Java have before now occasionally appeared, but, as Mr d'Almeida observes in his pre face they have left upon the reader's mind no satisfactory impression. A similar remark cannot certainly be applied to his own productions. The picture he has given us of Java, the description of the manners and customs of the Javanese people, and the abundant anecdotes and incidents with which his history is enlivened all combine to render the work singularly attractive, while the style in which it is written is at once animated and inte resting. The Javanese natives, it appears, are held in strict subjugation by their Dutch rulers, and these latter seem to have learned the art of enjoying themselves in a sufficiently luxurious fashion. Here is a description of a day at Batavia—a companion picture and contrast to the celebrated Podsnap s l stem of—" getting up at eight, shaving close at a quarter past, breakfasting at nine, going to the city at ten, coming home at half-past five, and dining at seven." THE DUTCHMAN IN JAVA, He rises generally at 5 a.m., lights his cigar, and then sallies forth to take his stroll, er, as the natives term it, mekan angin, signifying, literally, to eat the wind. About seven ha returns to partake of a collation of eggs find cold meat, after which he drinks his tea or coffee, and smokes again. He then takes his bath, throwing buckets of water over his head, after the manner adopted by all who reside in Eastern climes. After the enjoyment of this necessary luxury, he puts on his day suit, always of light texture on accJun.t of the heat, and generally white, and entering his carriage, is driven to his kantor, or house of business. If he is a wealthy citizen, he probably returns home at 12, at which hour the breaktast—as it is termed, though at mid day—awaits him, consisting of all kinds of Eastern deli cacies, rice, curry, and endless sambals, or small piquant side dishes. After this heavy meal, Morpheus waves his wand over Batavia, and all his votaries who can spare the time, retire to digest their food in a siesta of from two to three hours' duration. Rising from this sleep, the first cry is Spada —a con traction for Sapa ada, " Who is there ?"----which is imme diately followed by Api—" light"—a demand promptly attended to by some boy, who, prepared for the summons, quickly appears with a cigar-box, containing 600 or more Filippinos, or primeros, in one hand, and a lighted Chinese joss -stick in the other; while another boy brings a tray, on which is a cup of tea and some cakes. Another delicious cold bath generally succeeds the smoke, after which the luxurious European mares to dress for the evening, reap pearing with the usual mouth appendage, and a stick in hand—no hat, of course, for the Batavian fashion is for neither gentlemen or ladies to wear anything on their heads except when they go to church on Sundays. Thus attired, he wends his way quietly to the Koningen's Plain, or to that of Waterloo, to gaze on the elite and fashion walking or driving about, which the ladies do in full dress—ddco/kfd —and wearing ornaments in their hair. On reaching home after his promenade, our Dutchman partakes of orange bitters diluted in Kirsch -former—Ho!. lands—or brandy, as a stimulus to the appetite; and then, after the enjoyment of another weed, the Mandoer, head servant, or butler, announces dinner. When the ladies retire from dessert, cigars are immediately handed round, *tad cups of excellent Java coffee. . . . The gentlemen generally sit but a short time after the ladies leave, adjourn ing atter them to the drawing-room, where they continue to puff vigorously at their lighted cigars, to the perfume of which the ladies never nahke any objection. As the room al ways opens on a verandah, some retire to seek the coolness of the night air, while others while away the time by music and chit-chat, &c., retiring generally about eleven or twelve, to renew the same the next day. In case any of our readers wish to become ac quainted with the ho, no, yo, ro, ko, or A B C of Java we commend the following curious legend to their attention : LEARNING THE ALPHABET. There is a curious story connected with the Javanese alphabet, whether founded on fact or not I cannot say, but I sh)uld rather be inclined to think an invention, devised to impress the letters on the mind of juvenile pupils, If such is the case, we cannot but admire the native shrewdness in adopt.ng such a plan. A certain priest, whilst walking through a forest, found he had lost his kriss; but feeling too fatigued to return in search of it, he approached a woodman busily at work, and begged him to seek it for him. The latter obeyed, and while he was absent, the priest and his servant sitting on the clump of a forest tree, refreshed themselves with some food which they hal brought with them. Some hours having elapsed before the return of the messenger, the priest began to feel uneasy at the prospect of not completing his long journey before nightfall, and despatched his servant in quest of the wood man. The former had not proceeded far, when he met the messenger returning with the kriss. As his master had given him strict orders not to come back without it, he re quested the woodman to deliver it to him; a request which the man, who anticipated a reward for his services, refused to grant. The consequence was that a violent altercation took place, ending in the death of Loth. The story, told in the followieg manner, servos as a sort of mnemonic aid to the young Javanese learning their etters Ho no jto ro ko--He sent the both. Dho to so wo lo—Who fell out and quarrelled. Po do djo jo njo—They were equally courageous. Mo go bo tho ngo—Both were killed. The wedding ceremonies of Java, which are of great length, are fully described, as are also many other of the native customs. On the whole, these two volumes may be regarded as presenting an eminently satisfactory picture of life in Java. Vacation Tourists and Notes 7ravel in 1862-3. Edited by Francis Galton, author of "The Art of Travel." One vol. pp. 524. Macmillan and Co. The editor of these collected travels may very Justly describe this new volume as containing great variety in its contents. The eleven papers here classed together are about as dissimilar in style and subject as is well possible. The first article by the Rev. N. B. Tristam, describes " a Winter Ride in Palestine ;" the second, by J. G. Bertram, Ebci• relates to " Fish Culture in France ;" the third is about " the Turks in Constantinople ;" the fourth, and one of the most charming of the series, contains "Letters from the Cape," by Lady Duff Gordon. As M. Jourdain spoke "prose" all his life " withc,nt knowing it," so Lady Doff Gordon has con tributed to a book—and some very in teresting contributions they are—without intending it I " You must have fallen into second ohildhood," she says to the friend to wh om s he had addressed her original letters, " to think of printing such hasty rambling scrawls as I write. I never could write a good letter; and unless I gallop as hard as I can, and don't stop to think, I can say nothing; only I fancy you will be amused by some of my " impressions" —the " you" intended for the private friend may be very correctly addressed to the public reader. Like the lady writer, who naively said of herself " I gossip whenever I please, and I please whenever I gossip"—so Lady Duff Gordon, in her unpremeditated sketches, will give pleasure to the many who may peruse at leisure what she has hastily penned during the progress of her travels. The remaining papers are as miscellanecui and as interesting as those we have already particu• larised. "Poland" and "Paraguay," " Sinai" and " Servia ," "The Ancient Shell-mounds of Denmark," " The Medical Service of the Federal Army," and " Wilderness journeys in New Brunswick' divide the attractions of this very amusing and instructive collection of the reminiscences of " Vacation Tourists' , and Notts of Travel. Mexico Ancient and Modern. By M. Michel Chevalier, Senator and Member of the Institute of France. Translated under the Author's super intendence, by Thomas Alpass. Two vols. Max• well and Company. Tile name a M. Michel Chevalier on the title page is sufficient to attract particular attention to any work. M. Chevalier having for some time oc cupied a prominent position in tae literary and political world at Paris has acquired for himself a large circle of readers, and also, be it added, a large circle of admirers. The present work on Mexico made its appearance in France before the recent political arrangements in Mexico, and the author naturally takes credit to himself that the course of subsequent events has in a great degree justified his predictions. "The facts now accomplishing," he observes, " also the re -awakening of that monarchi cal sentiment which the authcr had noted as still vivacious in the hearts of Mexicans, and as that which would rally round it the great majority of the Liberal or Republican party, provided Mon archy presented itself under the escort of a group of public liberties suited to the intellectual and moral state of the country, Every day brings the adhesion to the new regim e of some of those chiefs who fought under the orders of the Suarez Govern ments." " France," saysM. Chevalier a little later on, "could not go to Mexico to found there a new order of things except with the condition of their being in conformity with the spirit of the time. The honour of France, the secret of her influence is the world, is that she re. presents those imrnortel ideas known as the prin ciples 0f1789, which ara the terror of oppressors and the hope of nations oppressed." The author's re marks in reference to religious adminis tration are not likely to find favour with the great body of Catholics, indeed his own religious opinions may be called in question by many of the readers of his book. The following remarks on the new Emperor of Mexico are emin ently just, and it is Who hoped they may also prove prophetic MAXIMZIAN OF MEXICO. The Archduke Maxiordlian accepts the burden of the Crown of Mexico with a noble courage. The resolution is a grand one, but not nnlooked for by those who observed him in Italy. He is sensible that he will have to repeat more than once the words of a former Emperor of Mexico, " that he is not on a bed of roses." Everything seems to indicate that the Mex'cans are going to welcome and treat him, not as an ambitious individual, led away by an immo derate passion for sitting on a throne, but as a high-souled man, who devotes himself to their cause, and has under taken the kitty task of saving a nation subject of old to the authority of his family. The Archduke will arrive in Mexico, not with a staff of Germane, military and administrative, but (as the author anticipated) alone, with his portfolio under his arm. He will have two armies to guard his throne—one composed of Mexican troops, the other formed and disciplined by France, and commanded by French officers, with a large number of French soldiery in its ranks. It cannot be denied that the latter will at first be the chief protection of the new throne; but why should not the Mexican army, when better directed, return to those traditions of fidelity to the Sovereign for which Mexico was formerly conspicuous among all the other Spanish colonies ? The rivalry of the generals was what led the Mexican army astray. It will come back to sentiments of duty when it sees authority permanently cun centrated in the hands of a firm and enlightened prince, around whom has rallied every individual of importance. After this very interesting political introduction, M. Chevalier enters upon the history of Mexico, beginning with the first arrival of Cortez on Holy Thursday of the year 1519. The whole account of that romantic and adventurous enterprise, stained as it is with acts of cruelty and injustice, by which , the valiant Spaniard, with 650 men, made himself master of a mighty and well organised empire, is here related in full, and although a twice told tale, will be perused with vivid interest, and enthral many a reader already familiar with the incidents which it narrates. The second volume refres to the war of ihdependence in Mexico, and all the mo mentous events of recent times. In many of his prognostications M. Chevalier, as we have a:ready intimated, has been justified by the event. It may be inferred, perhaps that being " behind the scenes," he had good reasons for some of his surmises. Be that as it may his history of Mexico in its entirety from the days of Mon tezuma to those of Maximilian is fall of in terest, although all the opinions of its writer are I not deserving of general approbation. In Spain. By liana Christian Andersen, author of The Improvisatore," &o. Translated by Mrs Bushby. One vol., pp. 300. Richard Bentley. Another charming " picture.boak without pic tures," from the graphic pen or pencil of Hans Christian Andersen—a Painter without brush or easel, a Poet without rhyme or metre. What Pictures, glowing with the hues of nature—what Poems, full of tenderness and pathos—have we not many a time rejoiced in from the hands of the genial, gentle Danish Improvisatore. In his new book, in which he recounts to us his ad ventures "In Spain," he has given us a most delightful and vivid glimpse of what he saw during his travels in the Spanish peninsula. The descriptions, occasionally humorous and fantastic, occasionally pathetic and tender, are unlike all other travellers records; they are essentially origi nal, and bear about them the stamp of their author's well-known and intense individuality. On a seventh of September, some few years back, Chris tian Andersen first arrived in Spain. A curious coincidence marked this day. It was on a seventh of September," he says, "that, as a child, I first entered Copenhagen ; it was on the seventh of September, many years afterwards, I first set foot in Italy ; and now, on the same dad any month, Spain opened upon me. It was strange, but chance, as it is called, so willed it. I had been detained a day at Myons, waiting for my luggage, which had gone astray on the railroad; at Perpignan I had to wait two days, in order to obtain a place in the coupe of tbedelligence, and so my seventh of September still held good. I was in a foreign land," he adds, " yet I felt myself at home : it wasthe sea which caused that home feeling—the glorious sea I It rolled up from the coast of Africa with its swelling waves, like the German Ocean on the coast of Jutland, its bluish-graen waves re minding me of c summer evening under the rocks of Moen," As a specimen of Andersen's power of picture-painting, let us take, almost at hazard, a glimpse of BARCELONA. When, last year, I first visited Turin, I perceived that I wee in the Paris of Italy; here it struck me that Barcelona • _ is the Paris of Span. There is quite a French air about the Place. One of the nearest narrow side streets was crowded with people, there were no end of shops in it, with various goods—cloaks, mentillas, fans, bright-coloured ribands, al luring to the eyes and attracting purchasers; there I wan dered about wherever chance led me. As I pursued my w°3', I found the aide and hack streets still more nar row, the houses apparently more adverse to light ; windows did not seem in request; the walls were thick, and there were awnings over the courts. I now reached a small square; a trumpet w as soun di ng, and peop l e were crow di ng t ogether. Some juggle rs , equ i ppe d i n k n itt e d vests, with party coloured swimming small-clothes, and carrying with them the implement s o f th e i r pro f ess i on , we re preparing t o ex hib it on a carpet s p rea d wish t o avoid the middle of the stree t . A li ttle dark over the pavement, for they seemed to eyed child, a mignon of the Spanish land, danced and played the ta- , bourine, let itself be tumbled head over heels, and made a kind of lump of, by its half -naked papa. In order to see better what was going on, I had ascen d° l a few steps of the entrance to an old dwelli ng , with a single large window in the Moorish style; two hor se - shoe -formed arches were supported by slender marble pillars; behind me was a door half open. I looked in, and saw a great geranium hedge growing round a dry dusty fountain. An enormous vine shaded one halt the place, which seemed deserted and left to decay; the wooden shutters hung as if ready to fall from the one hinge which supported each in their loose frames ; within, all appeared as if nothi ng dwelt there but b ats i n the twilight gloom. I proceeded f ar th er on, an d en t ere d a street, still narrow, and swarmin g with still more people than those I had already traversed. It was a street that led to a'church. Here, hid away among high houses, stands the Cathedral of Barcelona: without any effect, without any magnifi cence, it night easily be passed by unheeded; as, like many remarkable personages, one requires to have one's attention drawn to them in order to observe them. The crowd pressed on me, and carried me through the little gate into the open arcade, which, with some others, formed the approaches to the cathedral, and enclosed a grove of orange trees, planted where once had stood a mosque. Even no w water was spl as hi ng i n t h e l arge mar bl e basins, where in the Musselmen used to wash their faces before and after prayers. The little bronze statue here, of a kntht on horseback, is charming; it stands alone on a metal reed out in the basin, and the water sparkles behind and before the horse. Close by, gold fishes are swimming among juicy aquatic plants; and behind high gratings geese are also floating about. I ought perhaps to have said swans, but one anus stick to the truth, if one wishes to be original as a writer sz:. traysls. When he is visiting Valencia, our traveller recounts to us the legend of the Cid t ho, like "Douglas dead," won a battle after his death, and here the imaginative character of his musings is testified in the following extract.— And now stands, with its enormous square stones and jagged wall, the old gate through which the dead rode on that night of dread and destruction to the Moors. I stood ih the shade of that gate, and was thinking of the hero and his war horse, when, strangely enough, quite a different vision was recalled to my: mind. Just as I stood there came a boy, shouting in his glee, riding the most miserable nag I had ever seen ; the animal was literally skin and bone, and looked the picture of hunger: my thoughts naturally wandered from the Cid's noble war-horse to Dora Quixate's Rosinante ! Both still equally live in the world of poetry and romance ; and there, the names of Babieca and Rosi nante will always survive. We commend these pleasant pages to tha attention of the reader, who will require to exert but a slight effort of fancy to find himself " In Spain" when he has once opened the book. My Indian Journal. By Colonel Walter Campbell, author of " Tne Old Forest Ranger." Oao vol. Pp. 477. Edmonston and Douglas. " I have read somewhere," says Col. Campbell " that any one who has seen a little of the world, and taken notes of what he has seen, need only publish these notes to produce an amusing if not an instructive book." Assuredly, if the " any ono" alluded to possessed the keen powers of observa tion end the happy facilities of description of "the old forest ranger," the amusement and instruction to be derived from these notes would be a matter of certainty. We learn from the preface to this volume some interesting particulars respecting its prede cessor. "The Old Forest Ranger," it appears could find no publisher willing to stand godfather to it. The author was therefore induced to bring it oat at his own expense. It succeeded so well as speedily to go through three editions ; and now having, as he says, "rested on his oars ever since," the author is induced again to solicit public attention, and again for a similarly truthful record of the results of his personal experience. The Indian Journal now before us is,we are told,mainly compiled from travel-stained MS., volumes which have lain " undisturbed for the last three decades," containing the journal and notes of a subaltern in a marching regiment. To these are added descriptions of wild animals, and the dif ferent modes of hunting them, compiled from notes taken from time to time during a five years' resi dence in India. The narrative compiled from these authentic reminiscences is full of interest and vicis situde. Some of the hunting exploits are of en thralling interest. Colonel Campbell is evidently a daring sportsman, as every tiger and bison that came across his path can testify. As an illustration of these anecdotes let us take the following ac count of HUNTING THE TIGER WITH ELEPHANTS. In parts of the country where good sbikaris" were not to be obtained, I used to find tigers by fastening a bullock near some ravine or thicket known to be frequented by them; the poor animal was generally carried off in the course of the night; and nothing further was necessary than to follow up the trail of the tiger to some neighbouring cuvei, where we were sure to find him lying gorged. Tigers are also found whea returning at daybreak from their nightly prowl, by men stationed up us trees, who hem them into the first cover they enter. In whatever manner a tiger is found, the great point to insure success, is to procure plenty of hands from the nearest village, and effectually to surround the place, so as to prevent his stealing away before the elephant arrives. If he becomes restless, as he is apt to do when not gorged with food, a shout is generally sufficient to prevent his breaking cover; for, with all his ferocity, the tiger is a cowardly animal, and much averse to show ing himself by daylight. Having found our tiger, we must, before proceeding to action, devote a few words to that most useful auxiliary— the elephant, A really good sporting elephant is invalu able. He beats for his game like a pointer; and carries his rider in safety over the most dangerous ground, and through the thickest covers, which he searches inch by inch, with a degree of patience and sagacity that makes instinct almost amount to reason, Trees that oppose his progress are levelled by his head, or torn down with his trunk; his stupendous weight forces itself through every obstacle; and at the word of command, the sagacious brute picks up stones and hands them to his driver to throw into the thicker parts of the cover. On finding the tiger, the elephant gives warning of his proximity, by throwing up his trunk and trumpeting; and if well trained, should remain perfectly steady, ready to obey every command of his " mahout." The worst fault an elephant can have, is a propensity to charge the tiger. In doing so, the violence of his motion is apt to unseat the riders, rendering it impossible to take aim ; and what is still worse, ho generally throws himself upon his knees at the moment of attack, pitching the men out of the howdah by the violence of the shock. This bad habit is usually caused by the driver encouraging his elephant to trample upon a tiger taken killed, and thereby rendering the animal ferocious. Nothing is required of an elephant but to remain perfectly steady when a tiger is found ; and the best way of training him to do so, is to make him stand quietly over the tiger after he is killed, without allowing him to touch it ; while the driver encourages him by his voice, and rewards him with balls of sugar dipped in the blood of the animal. Some elephants are so steady, as to allow a tiger to rush up to their heads without flinching; bat there are few that are not more or less alarmed by a de termined charge. A veteran gains confidence, and is at length made perfect by the coolness of his driver, and the good shooting of his owner; but those which aro ill-entered turn round and often run away at the first roar of a tiger ; and even the best and most practised are often rendered useless, and become irrecoverably timid, by wounds received in a successful charge. I have had occason to use nervous, timid elephants, and they are bad enough ; but I would rat her ride a determined runaway than a savage brute who insists on killing the tiger himself. It is, no doubt, a severe trial to the nerves to find yourself hurried away by a huge ungovernable mon ster, with the prospect of being either smashed against a tree, or rolled into u ravine; but this is nothing to the risk you incur on a fighting elephant, of being pitched into the jaws of an enraged tiger, or pounded to a jelly under the elephant's knees. On a really good elephant the sportsman is exposed to little danger; less perhaps than in most Indian field-sports. He is raised from 10 to 12 feet off the ground, on a com fortable seat, from whence he can fire in all directions, and ho must be a bad shot indeed if he fails to stop a tiger in his charge. But even supposing that he does miss—which he has no business to do—and allows a savage tiger to spring upon the elephant, still the man is seldom the object of attack, and he ought to be able to blow the brute's brains out before he does much mischief. Tigers generally spring at the elephant's head, rarely making any attempts to reach the howdah. Instances of their doing so have occurred, but they are very rare. Many similar descriptions we might readily quote. The lovers of adventure will find ample amusement in the spirited reminiscences of Col. Campbell. Some of the animals, the tiger, the bison, the ibex, and others, are the subjects of beautiful illustrations by Noel Paton and Wolf. DEVELOPMENT OF SOUTHERN ENTERPRISE AND INDUSTRY.—The following list of manufactories show that our people are realty making some progress to wards independence. In this list are not included the cotton and woollen mills dotted here and there in all the States, or she iron establishments, or the Government works making arms, powder, &c, :—Hat manufactory, Statesville, North Carolina—stocking factory at Columbia, South Carolina— stocking factory at Danville, Virginia—bonnet frame fac tory at Newberry, South Carolina—cotton card factory at Greenwood, South Carolina—cotton card factory at Fayette ville, North Carolina—cotton card factory at Columbia, Georgia—cotton card factory at Danville, irginia (two) — cotton card factory at Selma, Alabama—cutlery, knives and forks, at Raleigh, North Carolina —cotton batting factory at Charlotte, North 'Carolina—corn-broom factory at David son's College, North Carolina—match factory at Danville, Virginia—blanket manufactory at Montgomery, Alabama — knitting-needles at Columbia, South Carolina—glass manu factory at Richmond, Virginia —glass manufactory at Columbus, Georgia—glass manufactory at Savannah, Georgia—button manufactory at Columbus, Georgia-- powder manufactory at Mecklenburg, North Carolina— several copperas mines extensively worked in Rutherford county, North Carolina—one copperas mine in Chesterfield, South Carolina. We have no doubt there are many other establishments than the above.—Riehmend Examiner. RELEASE OF PRISONERS AT BOKHARA.—A de spatch received in St. Petersburg announces that four foreigners (three Italians and one Frenchman) toge ther with 13 Russians, have been released by the Emir of Bukhara, after having been imprisoned for a year. When the imprisonment of the four persons became known is January last, the Italian Government immediately sent an agent, M. Bonhomme, to do what he could in the matter. Provided with letters from the Sultan, the Viceroy of Egypt, and other .Mahommedan sovereigns, M. Bonhomme pro posed to travel to Bokhara through India, but was dis suaded by the Viceroy, as his death would have been in sured by so doing, on account of the Emir regarding all Europeans as Englishmen, and entertaining a mortal hatred to them. M. Bonhomme then travelled through Persia to Russia ; but even in Russia he was advised not to make the venture, and thus he could only forward his letters through the officials. The letters, however, remained unanswered, as the Emir is not partial to such means of communica tion, and had only sent one answer to four letters from he Russian commandant at Orenburg. Notwithstand ing all these difficulties, the prisoners are now liberated, And M. BLALhomine has returned from Italy to St, Peters burg, LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTER'S ETLEGRAMS.) AUSTRIA. VIENNA, AUGUST 23. Herr von Bismark had a long conference with Count Reelaberg yesterday. The statement of some foreign journals that a project for Federal reform., drawn up by Kerr von Bismark, would b© the subject for negotiations, is, in well•informed circles, considered unfounded. ALEXANDRIA. AUG, 22. The differences between the American consul and the Egyptian Government have been settled, and the former has resumed his relations with the Go- vernment. Nubar Pacha has arrived here, and left inutile diately for Cairo. FRANCE. A Paris correspondent of the Independance of Brussels says :—" I have hitherto refrained from alluding to the projected marriage of Prince Hum• bert with the Princess Anna Murat. The hand of the Princess has been officially demanded in Paris by the Marquis Pepoli, who is himself the son of a Princess Marat. The initiative taken in this matter by King Victor Emmanuel's Government is gene rally considered judicious, as this marriage will draw closer the bonds which unite new Italy to the only great Power from which it can reasonably expect the final development of its unity. The negotiations for this marriage explain the intimacy with which M. Nigra has been received at the Tuileries. The future Queen is some few years older than the Prince, but that is a matter of little im portance in the case of a political alliance.''. "The interview at Kissinger]," says the Inde• pendance, "begins to bear its fruit : the diploma tic relations between the Courts of St. Petersburg and Vienna are about to be re•established on their former footing. Count de Stackelberg is expected at Vienna, and Count Revertera is on the point of proceeding to his pest in Russia. The choice of these diplomatists shows the value which the two Courts attach to the restoration of their good un derstanding. Count de Stackelberg is a great fa vourite at Vienna, and Count Revertera, who has married a rich Russian heiress, will be well received at St. Petersburg. BOURSE, Aug. 22.—The arrival of the English funds with a fall of has tended to impart dullness to the market, but without causing any material decline in prices, Threes, being now at 661 r. 40c. Mobilier, which opened at 1,023 fr. 75c., receded to 1,017 r. 50e., and have since recovered to 1,020 fr. The Railway Market has varied but little from Saturday 's quotations. The market became heavy towards the close, and prices receded, to leave off es follows : II per Cents. 94 50 Do. end month 3 per Cents Do. end month 66 35 Italian Loan 67 90 Do. end month 67 75 Ditto Threes, — New Mexican Russian - Austrian Spanish Threes 49 50 Home Debt Deferred Credit Mobilie- - - 1910 Do, end m0nth....1011 25 Bank ;Shares 3360 Credit Foncier 1`220 Roman — -- RAILWAre. Orleand 11106,1 , •911 Northern Lyons and Mediterranean Southern Western Eastern .... Sardinian Austrian Low hard North of Spain Saragossa Ditto to Barcelona Cash. Account. 8 " .. 890 -- 980 .. 986 25 928 75 .. 930 -- 640 641 25 521 25 525 491 25 492 25 337 50 .. 348 75 430 433 75 542 50 .. 541 25 412 50 .. 413 25 606 25 .. 5 0 3 75 330 227 50 S PAIN. The Spanish journals remark with satisfaction on the manner in which King Don Francis has been received in France :—" We desire," says the Diane of Barcelona, " that the journey of the King of Spain in France, while strengthening the bonds of friendship which unite the two reigning families, should contribute equally to the union of the two nations, and lead to a sincere intimacy, based on the interests, respect, and independence of the two nations. If at a later period troubles should arise in Europe, let us not rush into a policy of adven tures, nor undertake premature and useless sacri fices. Spain must hold herself in readiness, in order that if she has one day to struggle for oue of her most important interests, she may be fortified by alliances on which she can reckon." What the in terest alluded to is not stated, but probably the recovery of Gibraltar is meant. SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN. (From the limes' Correspondent) HA➢iBURG, August 19. However hard the terms of the peace, which is ❑ow in progress of negotiation at Vienna, may fall upon the Danes, it may be questioned whether the condition of the conquered people will at any time be worse than is at this present moment that of their "liberated" fellow-subjects, the Schleswig-Hol steiners. Moral evils are, for rational beings, the most unendurable, and the very worst is uncer tainty. Now, of one thing done are the people of the Duchies perfectly sure, and that is, that whoever else may be destined to settle the affairs of their country, they will themselves be the last to have anything to do with the matter. To consult the wishes of a people as to their national tendencies and the disposal of their sovereign rights is, under all circumstances, an almost impracticable undertaking, but it becomes an especially hard task when the nation which is thus to fix its own destinies happens to have no settled constitutional form upon which its choice may be based, when, in the general breaking up of the links of sooial order, political passions have been for some time allowed to run riot, and when the country is at the same time trodden down by an overbearing soldiery and overrun by needy and noisy demagogues. We may be willing to admit that in Holstein, and in a part of Schleswig, the people considered themselves, and were Germans, and that, on the ground of the repulsion and affinity of race, they aspired to be separated from Danmark and united to Germany. The troops of the Confederacy and those of Prussia and Austria have fulfilled that wish ; so thoroughly fulfilled it, that the vote of the pure Danes and that of Danish loyalists and sympathisers must go for nothing. Schleswig. Holstein, and even Lauenburg, must become Ger man ; they are German. What of it ? Now that it is settled that these people belong to Germany, is it also deeded that they belong to themselves, that they are their own masters, and are, for once at least, to exercise their inalienable sovereignty over their own destinies ? Alas! the Germans came to bring to their Schics• wig Holstein brethren not peace but a sword. They bring their jealousies and squabbles, their whole system of pedantic chicane and feudal confusion to bear on the question, and will muddle it and befog it till the luckless people of the Duchies be fain to accept any compromise, and submit to a n y d ec ia, sion, out of sheer bewilderment and weariness of mind. The first arrangement at which the German Powers seem to have arrived is the very one that can best prolong the complications under which the Schieswig-Holstiners are labouring; they hava hit upon the scheme of a "Provisional Government." Sow all who are familiar with any of the European changes that have occurred since the beginning of this century are well aware that all the scourges of war, plague and famine, are nothing for a country in comparison with a pro interim rule; it is tanta mount to a rapid di sso l ut i on o f the past , by men free from all responsibili ty as to reconstruct i o n for the o f the lieu. future; it is gro un d e d on an assumpt i on trality of peopl e w h o h ave an o bj ec t to carry, and pursue it untr amme ll e d by legal bounC o, undis. turbed by a sense of duty or a qualm of principle. A provisi ona l government gener ally contrives to achieve what revolution or war stopped short of. The Governments of Prussia And Austria dare cot claim the Duchies as their own by righ Of conquest, neither are they wiiiing that any one should dispose of them but themselves. Indeed, in their own mind, the question as to the future destiny of those provinces is already settled, but it is for time and the Provisional Government to work it out. The management of the affairs of the Duchies is to be entrusted to Commissioners ap pointed by the two great German Powers—a Prus sian Commissioner and an Austrian Commissioner. Perhaps the junta may be a triumvirate, a third Commissioner being named by the Frankfort Diet. But even should the Federal principle obtain so much as that, its representative would still have the odds of t to one to contend with, and there is no doubt but, so long as the two Great Powers agree, no will but their own would have the force of law in the Duchies. Dow it does so happen that Prus°l 2 and Austria are at the present moment of one mind fur what concerns the Duchies. A cordial under standiug between those two Powers on any point Is a strange phenomenon, and has, been accounted f or either by the d e p en d ence o f A ustr i an on Prussian help, in the ev e nt o f It a li an comp li cat i ons , o r by the forms cf a compact b e t ween b e t ween Northe rn Powers reconstituting the H o ly Alliance ; but , may be the cause, it is a fact not only that Austri a is going hand-in-hand with Prussia in this matter, but also that the former State is willing that the latter should reap all the benefit of their cesium° enterprise. If a crafty and steady policy have power to a? . complish anything, it seems certain that Prussia will extend her dominion over the Duchies; it li ttle matters whether this is done directly by immediate annexation, or, indirectly, b y t h e creat i on of a Bo' ordinate and vassal State. I fancy I can see everr where symptoms of a disposition on the part of the Frankfort D:et, and of the lesser and least Sta te° of G&many to knock under. Not only are they unequal to a c o nt es t w i t h t h e com bi ne d efforts °r the two Gre a t Powers, but they evidently feel, and all but acknowledge their impotence. The helple sB• ness and dilat or i ness o f t h at poor Frankfor t D iet are in themselves sufficient to give the game let° the hands of any adyersary. The minor Goer' s ' al ways wriggling and shuffling, are giving in one 111, one; and Saxony, who would seem to evince gre at stubbornness, takes u p suc h a b sur d grou nds as to call down upon her th e r idi cu l e o f h er very par She gravely tackled -Austria and Prussia for " 6c cepting Denmark,s ce ss i on o f H o l ste i n an d Lsee . c. berg, as by such an accp t ance t h ey v i rtua lly ad ol o ted on the part of D enmar k a r i g h t on t h ose Daeli l which never existed." As it becomes more and more obvious that F l l s. sia has carte blanche in the Dachieq, both on the part of willing Austria, and on that of reluctant Gern.any, it appers also evident that the dig :l°l n - on of mind of the &hies wig-Holsteiners has ab ated from its former hostility to that designing re viel , "The Schleswi g -H a i s t e i ners, " i t b eg i ns n ow to be argued, ",are committed to no irrevocable cou rse ' Prince Frederi c k o f A ugusten b urg was hailed at Kiel, at Schle sw i g an d Fl ens b urg, as the elect of the people. But in a community, however small' where anything happens suddenly to "ale the, authority of th e G overnment, where, " "it Is "" f asked, " wher e i s th e peop l e Th e petty townso Holstein and S c hl esw i g have never even gone plebiscite; through the vain f orms o f a the rur al districts have made n o s i gn w h ateve r. r Ivhate v e the merits of P r in ce F re d er i c k ma y bib however ready the country mi g ht b e t o pron ounce in his favour, he is as yet," reop l e b eg i n to find ou t, "only a mob candidate. His name has been Pr e ' claimed; deputations have come to him; we etwg ,, s have been held i n hi s i n t eres t ; b a t a ll these hav e been mere i n di v id ua l ac t s , t h e acts o f men witho ut call or missi on , w h om t h e presence of an arm ed force secured f r om a ll o pp os iti on . The people at large have had no chance to speak out; it is always the most worthless wheel in the cart that creaks) and nothing is easier than to bring a multititude to cut its own throat." AMERICA. (REUTER'S EXPRESS.) NEW YORK, AUG. 10. The Southern papers announce the appointment of the lion. George A. Trenholm, as Secretary of the Treasury, iu the place of the Hon. C. G. Meminger, resigned. Mr. Trenholm is a native of Charleston, about 55 years of age, and tha senior partner of the firm of John Fraser and Co., of Charleston, which, with its Liverpool branch-- Fraser, Trenholm, and Co.—has been extensicelf engaged in blockade-running entcrprises since the beginning of the war. A gent►eman, long a resident of Mobile, and familiarly acquainted with the topography of th at port, gives the following particulars of the lccality of the late naval victory gained by Admiral Far' ragut : " Forts Morgan and Gaines are situated about 33 miles from the city of Mobile, and command from opposite aides the entrance to the bay of the same name. Th!,, entrance is about 2 miles wide. Fort Powell commands another entrance, or rather nor row artificial pass, called Grant's Pass, into th e same bay from the Mississippi Sound. Th e true harbour of Mobile, locally called the anchorage, a few miles above these forts, under the lea of Dluphin Island, and about 25 miles from Mobile. Only vessels of small draft can come to the wharves of the city, which is approached by tortuous channel averaging nine feet of water, never exceeding 11. The most diffi cu l t portion of the channel is at a point called Choctaw Pass, about five miles distant from the city. " it is not believed that the city is a narrow a nd in an y danger of capture f rom a nava l attack. A succesafal land and the attack would require at least 15,0 00 m en, approaches in that case would not be from Dauphin Island but f rom P ascag oula. Th e ob j ect of Admiral Farragut's operati o ns is, therefore, probably--drat,to destroy the Confederate fleet in the bay ; and, secondly, to more effect u ally close a per t which, from its larg e co tt on exportations, had recently be 4 come of consid era ble importance to blockade- ill ners. These objects attained , th e situation wil not be very dissimilar from that sit Charleston, except that the distances between the outer s nd inner lines of harbour defences are greater." MORE ABOUT THE CONFEDERATE Cilt rlS ! it FLonrnA.—By intelligence received yestereay at LloY" S P t h roug h the Preston, Captain Wakeham, just arrived at the Li ver pool from Bombay, it appears that vessels 61,°k8 i n lat. 36, C on f e derate cruiser Florida on the 25th of Ju l y , long. 36, on the look-out for prizes. The Flo rida steamed up alongside the Preston, and ha vin g ascertained her nationality, put a number of letters and late newspapers on board her, the latter containing acco unts of the destruction of the Alabama by the liearsage . Further communica tions were about being interchanged; w h e n a vessel bearing the United States flag hove in s i g ht, and the Florida steamed off in pursuit. FATAL ACCIDENT. ---AU accident', terminating in loss of life, has j us t held the p o p ulation of Saila manches (Haute-Savoie) in a state of painful suspense for A. we ll sinker Lamed Perier was being nearly f ou r days. let down into an old well nearly sixty feet deep, for the purpose of effec ing some repairs, and had already reached within a short distance of the bottom, when a stone at the side on which he had for a moment placed his foot, gave and b r ought with it the whole of the masonry work lin i n gi the sides of the shaft. Assistance was protuptli obtained, and after about fourteen hours' labour, nearly twenty feet of the stones and rubbish were removed' and the voice of the unfortunate man could be heard ; although closely pressed by the ruins, he bed 11 ' 3 re ceived any se r i ous injuries, and was able to breathe ir , ce s ly. Two morni ngs a fter, the removal of the was rubbish so far advanced that the workers had reached to within six feet of the Perier, and some broth was passed to him thr oug h an e l as ti c t u b e . The work had, 11 ° wtver ' now become more dangerous. Twice the shoring gave way, and the clearing-out of the materials had to b° recommenced. On the evening of the next day the lobe seat in the well called cut that the unfortunate man length reached, and at the same time asked for a cord to be let down, in order to draw him to the surface. Al ltjther moment and he would have been rescued, but the sides one° wore gave way, the man again disappearing beneath 01 stones. Three hours Jeer the rubbish had been clear' awry f rom Perier's head and shoulders, but it was nOW too late, as he had succumbed from suffocation, after remain lag buried for 56 hours. partially