The Sun. — London, England, 1830-06-28 00:00:00

Est titl e a 'the WA Canning, Would de ril rae espot"' ;ve st of t vas noir ' l ' oinate ected to 1 4( Mr. el d not be se able al that a 6 0 elevation Mr. I his scaP be TreO t i appoint , ;land, ei1 314 al Higbe e Is every 1 35 0 tports. his WY' the office r of all S-) PRESET: :ESSIOII' air Cbsrl e Hon. Si K 13 ' e, K. C and' ie filled to f forty-0' esty are t b ' Mayo. his preo 000/. en tolerab i) it retort' mall. 1 " ,A and Whe al want, thi r more tlis l ,, other qua ! ' last quot a Oat trti d4 ;d. In t" f d ).•• 455 , 40i. 3 557:: Is : , w) 355. 4 4,. ..." 20s. 2.04. 2'23. 2.55. 30s. Bs: 23s ck) 60s .... 50s. try 48s. ST ,W: ~'i ~~ s' • ov, ruLsz. 3rank, 0-0'" was rathe r The trad e meet Sco t+ per s t o ne ; and tv' t ` is sday's cl ll°- improv 4 IFFALS• IP O .d. to 0 0 0 0 1 38 b 0 2 8 0 $ 8 4 3 0 3 4 o 4„ to 325. eac h to 18. i. eac' Pigs. 240 nth Itoad s , it 950 fr°'", qit 40 fro m ' he mariale6, LETS. a. dU d. to a• a 4 4 3 0 4 oly lle o a to this raordinati rd-bridge , was fi l st o iper-offiee, ands were he toel..u , e Express )ruing, 5 1 of rtspec a FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. FRENCH PAPERS. " TELEGRAPHIC DESPATCH. " The Moniteur contains the folloving telegraphic des patch from the African coast : " COUNT DE BOUKMONT TO HIS EXCELLENCY THE MINI- STYR OF WAR. " STAONELI, JUNE 19.—This morning the enemy attacked our positions. He was vigorou.ly repulsed, and completely routed. His camp fell into our power, as well as eight pieces of artillery, 400 pitched tents, many camels, flocks of sheep, and storts of all kinds. " "fhe enemy's army cons;sts of the contingents of Con stantine, Onto, and Titteri, and of a part of the Turkish militia. This militia has sustained considerable losses. " . The French army has taken a position on the camp of Staoneli. " This fresh success has electrified our troops.'. " By a Royal Ordinance, dated June 24, and published in the Moniteur of this day, M. Poyterre de Core, Master of Requests in the council of State, has been superseded.' FRENCH Furins.—Plats, Juie 25.—Fire per Cents., 103 E 70c. 50e. ; Four per Cents., 99f. ; Three per Cents., 77f. 30c. 40c. 30c. 35c. )c. 25c. Bank Stock, I,SSOf. ; Rentes de Naples, Ssf. 50c. 55c. Royal Spanish Loan, 55%; Route Perpetuelle d'Espagne, 74y, 74. 73% % % 3 ,4 N.; Haytian Loan,soof. Exchange on London, one month (paper), 1.5 f. 50c. ; three months (paper) 25f. 35c.—Coors Anthentique. - Elbe Quin LONDON. MONDAY EVENING, JUNE 28, 1830. SUN NEWSPAPER EXPRESS. We have again to record an instance of ex traordinary and successful exertion in the early communication of important news. The la mented death of his Majesty GEORGE IV. was but imperfectly known in London on Saturday morning. The frequent and probable rumours which had been hitherto spread of such an expected event tended to excite great mistrust, even when the melancholy fact was realised. The news reached London at seven o'clock, but up to ten all was uncertainty. The Morning Papers then published a Second Edition, merely announcing the death of his MAJESTY, but without authentic particulars. Shortly afterwards Mr. SMITH, of 192, Strand,_ with his usual and most praise worthy promptitude, proceeded, by express, to Birmingham with second editions of the Morning Papers, and was the first to carry the intelligence to that populous district, and other r• places in the immediate line of route. The Sun Newspaper waited for the publication of the official account. About half-past twelve o'clock we published the Extraordinary Gazette, and immediately afterwards forwarded expresses to all parts of the United Kingdom with the official account. Our Express to the North did not leave town till past one o'clock on Saturday afternoon, but it reached Liverpool, Manchester, and other great towns by Sunday morning— a circumstance hitherto unprecedented in the history of Newspaper exertions. We expect to hear by return of post that the Express Edition of The Sun arrived in Edinburgh and Glasgow by Monday morning early, thereby conveying the first and authentic intelligence all over Eng land, Scotland, and Ireland, in thirty hours after, leaving The Sun Office. But as every triumph has its alloy, we re gret to understand that some of our Sub scribers were disappointed in receiving copies of the Paper, owing to the excessive demand and our anxiety to give the latest news up to the hour of post. We published three Editions on Saturday, and having expended our stock of Stamps, were compelled to print on blank paper, for which due acknow ledgment will be made to the Stamp-office. From the unavoidable delay thus occasioned, a few missed poit, but were forwarded on Sunday morning. In this instance the newsmen are en tirely blameless. The Proclamation of his present Majesty King WILLIAM the FOURTH—the fullest par ticulars of which will be found in The Sun o. to-day—took place this morning. The splen dour of the procession, which was imposing, without being in the least degree either gorgeous or extravagant, and the unusual brilliancy of the day, attracted an immense multitude, who, at an early hour, thronged the streets through which the cavalcade was expected to pass. Indeed, we do not remember on any former occasion to have seen such an immense mass of people collected together. The Strand was literally a sea of heads from Charing-Cross to Temple-Bar. At Every spot where the Proclamation was read, the acclamations of the people were deafening ; and when the Herald proclaimed aloud " GOD save King WILLIAM," they responded to the senti ment with a heartiness, a sincerity—we might almost say enthusiasm—which augur well for the popularity of his MAJESTY. May his reign be long and prosperous, and resemble his la mented predecessor's in its pacific, tolerant, and enlightened character ! May he add new lustre to the Royal name of WILLIAM, and when in the fullness of years he descends to the tomb of his ancestors, may he leave behind him a reputa tion as great and glorious as that of GEORGE the Fourth ! His MAJESTY enters upon his reign at a period which demands both , on the part of the Monarch and his Mi-' nisters the most consummate sagacity. The commercial and financial resources of the coun try ; the position that it holds with regard to Foreign Powers, and the threatening appear ances which are.daily and hourly more fully de veloping themselves in France, and which can not, fail, directly or indirectly, to influence the destinies of England ; the state of Portugal, of Greece, of Turkey ;—these are points which demand, we repeat, from the British Governmen ',the promptest, .the most consummate sagacity. Play his MAJESTY, by the formation of that ,Government, afford a pledge to his subjects that the great points at issue will be canvassed , in a spirit worthy of the age ! His MAJESTY held a Privy Council this day at One o'clock at St. James's Palace. Rumour is already busy as to the changes l likely to take place in , the Cabinet and the Royal' Household. It is stated with considerable con- 1 fidence that the Marquis of CONYNGHAM and Sir WILLIAM KNIGHTON retire, and that their l places are to be supplied by the Duke of, GORDON and Sir HERBERT TAYLOR. Lord' MELVILLE, it is also stated, leaves the Admi ralty, and Admiral Sir BYAM MARTIN—the KING'S particular friend—is likely to be his successor. It is not exactly known when the House of Commons will proceed to regular business ; it must, however, be within a few days, as the pre sent Sugar Duties Bill expires on the sth of July, and no new regulation has yet been passed on the subject. LAW INTELLIGENCE.-(THIS DAY.) COURT OF KING'S BENCH. At the sitting of the Court this morning, the Judges and King's Counsel took the oaths of allegiance to his Majesty King William the Fourth. Mr. Brougham and Mr. Denman had not the oaths ad ministered to them, as they were raised to the dignity of a silk gown by a patent of precedence, which expires on the demise of the Sovereign. Those Learned Gentlemen, therefore, took their seats behind the bar. .MPERIAL PARLIAMENT.-(TIIIS DAY.) HOUSE OF LORDS. The House met to-day shortly after twelve o'clock, pur suant to adjournment, for the purpose of administering I the Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy to such Peers as ,were not sworn on Saturday. The Earl of SHAFTESBURY took his seat on the Wool sack as Deputy Speaker, in the absence of the Lord Chancellor. The oaths were then administered to his Grace the Duke of Wellington, and the Earl of Roslyn separately. The Earl of Roslyn appeared in a General's full Court 'dress. Earl Bathurst, to whom the oaths were also admi, nistered, appeared in full Windsor uniform. The oaths were then administered to the following Peers :—Lord Arden, Viscount Lorton, Earl Beauchamp, Lord Colville, Lord Doneraile, the Duke of Gs. lon, Lord Hill, the Bishop of Litchfield and Coventry, Lord Ellenborough, the Duke of St. Albans, the Archbishop of Canterbury, Lord Napier, the Duke of Argyle, Lord Montague, the Bishop of London, Lord Farnborough, Lord Willoughby, D'Eresby, the Earl of Jersey, Lord Chohnondeley, Lord Glenlyon, the Earl of Malmesbury, the Bishop of Win chester, the Marquis of Stafford, the Earl of Darnley, Lord Morton, the Bishop of Lincoln, Viscount Melbourne. (LIFT SITTING.) ,Y). HOUSE OF COMMONS. Precisely at ten o'clock this morning, the Speaker ac companied by about twenty Members entered the House. Shortly afterwards the necessary number of Members fora forming a House having arrived, the Speaker took the Chair. When those Honourable Members who had not taken the prescribed oaths on Saturday-last, had, them administered to them in the order in which they ar- 1 rived. The only Ministers present during the morning were the Chancellor of the Exchequer and the Secretary of State for the Home Department. Sir Robert Peel was in a full court dress, but the Chancellor of the Exchequer bad a simple suit of mourning. The House was occupied up to the time of our going, to press with the swearing in of Members. All the Equity and Law Judges sat this morning in their respective Courts, with the exception of- the Lord Chancellor. The Master of the Rolls, the Vice:Chancel lor, together with the whole of the King's Serjeants and Counsel, appeared in full mourning. On the Judges of the different Law Courts taking their seats upon the bench, the Oaths of Allegiance and Supre macy were administered to them, after which they were administered to the King's Serjeants, and finally to the subordinate officers of the respective Courts. THE FUNDS.-(THIS DAY.) CITY, TWELVE O'CLOCK. The chief attention this morning of the public, relates' to the Proclamation of his Majesty, William IV. A great , number of persons are flocking to view the Procession from all quarters Consols which left off on Saturday at 9211 for the Account, opened at 92i 93, with little or nothing doing. The Foreign Market is in the same state. THEATRES. We subjoin a copy of the letter addressed to the mana gers of the different Theatres, and Vauxhall Gardens, on this occasion : "Lard Chamberlain's Office, June 26, 1880. " Sir,—ln consequence of the death of our late Most Gracious Sovereign, I am commanded by the Lord Cham berlain to desire that the Theatre under your management be immediately closed, and continue so till after the funeral. " I am, Sir, your obedient servant, " J. B. MASH." It is worthy of remark that these circulars have been evi dently written a fortnight back, while the present date is manifestly filled up on the actual day of the Royal demise. At a late hour the following was issued : " Lord Chamberlain's Office, June 26, 1830. " Sir,--I am authorised by the Lord Chamberlain to acquaint you that the King, taking into his beneficent con • sideration the very great distress which the abutting-up of the•Theatres for any length of time would occasion to nu merous families, his Majesty has been graciously pleased tel 'command that the closing of the Theatre under your ma-1 nagement, on account of the melancholy event of the demise' lof our late most gracious Sovereign, shall be confined to this evening, the two days of the body lying in state, and the day of the funeral, of which due notice will be given you. " Your obedient servant, " J. B. MASH." A serious riot, arising from their urgent dis tresses, took place last week in the city of Limerick, among the town orders who assembled in thousands, and made attacks on several stores, where they did damage to the amount of 10,000/. Five persons were shot in the struggles between the military and the mob. THE MUSSULMAN.---The picture of Turkish private life embodied in Dr. MADDEN'S tale called " The Muasulman," (the opportunities for sketching which were obtained under such rare and favourable circumstances) has already attracted great attention, not only here but in ,Germany, where the people are much addicted to Oriental subjects. One translation is, we understand, already printed, at Leipsic, and two more are in preparation in other parts of the Continent. SIR THOMAS LAWRENCE.—In the little work just commenced by Messrs. COLBURN and BENTLEY, for the express advantage of young people, under the title of " The Juvenile Library," we find that a subject has been adopted, among the biographies forming the first volume, which promises to be received with extraordinary interest —namely, the Life of Sir Thor4ras LAWRENCE, whose early career, in particular, offers much that may be usefully presented to the minds of youth, and of whom, moreover, it is to be remarked that we have as yet bad no connected, and satisfactory account. The gentleman who has been engaged to prepare this life for the work is stated to have had access to a variety of original materials. We refer to our report of proceedings in the House of Commons on Saturday, for the sake of directing public notice to the animated censure pronounced by Mr. BROUGUAAT on the apparently negligent and disrespectful conduct of the LORD STEWARD of the Household to the Commons. The mysterious and even offensive obscurity of the long series of bulletins published concerning the late KING, was likewise touched upon by Mr. BROUGUAM, and will, of course, be recurred to..— Times. PROCLAMATION OF KING WILLIAM IV.' (THIS DAY.) This morning being appointed for the proclamation of the new King, the Heralds and their Officers assembled at an early hour at the Palace of his Majesty in St. James's. In the course of the morning the carriages of several of the Ministers; of State, as well as of the Notility, - en tered the Court of the Royal residence, and for several hours the buzz of preparation was heard in every avenue. Long before the formation of the procession the streets contiguous to the Palace, and Charing-cross especially, were much crowded by anxious and well-dressed specta tors. At ter► o'clock the procession was in some degree organized, and the roar of the Park guns (42 of which were discharged) caused the greatest bustle. Within half an hour of this period the cavalcade started, and upon its arriving at Charing-cross it halted, and after the forms observed upon such occasions had been attended to, the Garter King at Arms read the proclamation, at the conclusion of which several persons cried out " Long live King William," and the ladies waved their handkerchief, in testimony of respect to the new Monarch. The procession then moved on in the following order Mr. Lee, High Constable of Westminster, with a number of Officers to clear the way. Two Horse Guards. A single Ditto. The Farrier of the Horse Guards. Four Pioneers, with their axes. 'The Beadles of St. James's and St. Mart n's Parishes, in their full dresses and their staves of office. A posse of New Police Constables. The Band of Horse Guards, in their State uniforms. Eight Marshals on foot. The Knight Marshal and his Men. The Household Troop. State Band, Kettle-drums, and Trumpets. Pursuivants on horseback. Heralds. The King at Arms, supported by Serjeants with their mates. A Troop of Horse Guards. After the proclamation had been read at Charing-cross, it moved slowly along the Strand until it reached the church of St. Clement's, where it halted for nearly a quar ter of an hour, in consequence of the gates of Temple-bar being closed, and the Lord Mayor not having arrived, and the civic procession not having been formed. Previous to the arrival of the cavalcade to the grand City entrance, the centre of the road was kept clear by a large number of policemen, between whom and the crowd, which was ex tremely dense, frequent scuffles arose, and at one time the mob appeared to contemplate a serious rencontre. The City gates having at length been opened, the proces sion moved on amidst a flourish of trumpets until it reached the end of Chancery-lane, when the King at Arms again read the proclamation, and the assembled multitude sig nified their approbation by loyal acclamations. At this spot the crowd was remarkably dense, owing to the con fined space, and not only here, but in every place where a sight of the pageant could be obtained, the fronts of the houses were uccupied even to the parapets and chimney tops. The two churches' in the Strand were filled with well-dressed spectators. When the procession arrived at Temple-bar, the beadles and other officers connected with the out parishes in the vicinity of the Palace, paired of, and their places were supplied by the officers connected with the City, a double posse of constables having been ordered out. When the Mayor, and great City officers, Aldermen, &c. had formed a line, Fleet-street presented a most imposing spectacle, as it extended the whole of its length —every window and balcony was crowded to excess, and all the avenues where even a bird's-eye view could be taken, were literally crammed, so that owing to the beat many females cried out that they should be suffocated. Owing to the excellent ar rangements made by the civic authorities, the greateSt order was preserved throughout. The King-at-Arms having reached Wood-street, Cheapside, proclamation was made for the third time, but it was delivered amid so much clamour, that it was impossible to hear a complete sen tence. The following is a copy : "Whereas it hath pleased the Almighty God to call to his mercy our late Sovereign Lord King George the Fourth, of blessed memory, by whose decease the Imperial Crown of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland is solely and rightfully come to the High and Mighty Prince William, Duke of Clarence. We, therefore, the Lords Spiritual and Temporal of this Realm, being here assisted with these of his late Majesty's Privy Coun cil, with numbers of other principal Gentlemen ofquality, with the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Citizens of London, do now hereby, with one voice and consent of tongue and heart, publish and proclaim that the high and mighty Prince William, Duke of Clarence, is now, by the death of the late Sovereign of happy memory, become our only lawful and rightful liege Lord, William the Fourth, by the Grace of God, King of Great Britain and Ireland, Defender of the Faith (and so forth) to whom we acknowledge all faith and constant obedience ? with all humble and hearty affection, beseeching God, by whom Kings and Queens do reign, to bless the Royal Prince William the Fourth, with long and happy years to reign over us. " Given, &e. " Gon SAVE THE KINO." From Wood-street to Aldgate the centre of the road was kept clear by the constabulary force, so that no interrup tion presented itself, hence the cavalcade reached the Royal I Exchange at a quarter to twelve o'clock, and the forma iities having been again repeated, it proceeded to its final destination at Aldgate Pump, at a quarter of an hour after noon, and the ceremony concluded by the fifth public proclamation. The top of the Exchange and all the apart ments of Gresham 'College, were crowded by merchants of all nations, and gentlemen connected with the most im-, portant branches of our commercial interest. In the proces sion there were several well-known characters on horseback, among whom were D. O'Connell, Esq. the Member for Clare. Several military officers, (not in uniform) were in the rear. After the ceremony had terminated in the city, the ca valcade retrogaded, and on their return to Westminster, they halted for a short time at the Mansion House, where lan elegant collation was provided by the Lord Mayor, of which many alighted and partook. The Civil Authorities afterwards escorted the grand I proeession to Temple Bar, and the whole line of road was crowded nearly in the like manner as when they went into the city. The Lord Mayor received the Government authorities with his usual urbanity of manners, and he was well sup_ ported by his brother Aldermen. His Lordship will, as a matter of etiquette, receive the honour of Knighthood. (ruantax PARTICULARS.) This morning being appointed for the ceremony of pro-' claiming his Majesty, King 'William IV., at an 'early hour every street leading to St. James's Palace was crowd ed to excess, and the neighbourhood presented one dense mass of people. The King arrived at the Palace from Bushey at nine, which was announced by the park and tower guns filing a Royal salute. At ten o'clock, all the prepa rations for proclaiming his Majesty King of the United! Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland being treacly that) ceremony commenced. The Park and Tower guns were again fired, (the announcement of the commencement was l conveyed to the Tower by means of a Lancer being placed, on each of the bridges, who held a red flag, which he dropped on the firing of the first gun in the park.) The King was received at the Palace by his Royal Highnessl Prince Leopold, the Duke of Cumber/and, and Prince! George, the Dukes of Sussex r. - ad Gloucester, and all the great Officers of State. On a signal being given the bandsl of the Guards played " God save the King," immediately, after which the Herald King at Arms read the procla mation. Whilst the ceremony was performing, his Majesty,, surrounded by his illustrious brothers, the Ministers of State, and other distinguished individuals, presented him self at the window facing the Court-yard. His Majesty was dressed in black, and wore a blue sash over the left shoulder; he was immediately recognized, and his loyah subjects rent the air with acclamations. His Majesty was' much affected, he bowed repeatedly to the populace and placed his hand on his heart. Those who were near the King say that he was so affected at this spontaneous burst of cheering on his first appearance as to shed tears. The scene altogether cannot fail of making a lasting im pression on the mind of the Sovereign. At the conclusion of reading the proclamation, his Majesty having again bowed to the assembled thousands, retired leaning on the arms of his Royal brothers, when the acclamations again rent the air. The procession then moved forward. His MAJESTY diedat a quarter past three on Saturday morning. The Observer Newspaper commenced its extensive publication at Five o'clock on Sunday morn ing (yesterday) with seventeen folio columns of matter connected with that deeply lamented event. A Monday Afternoon Edition of the Observer, price Sovenpence) adapted for Country and Foreign circulation, is regularly published, at Four o'clock, every Monday afternoon, at No. 169, Strand. The Fete intended tc be g i ven i n M r . Jgx- KiNes grounds, in the Regent's Park, in aid of the fueds of the Royal Dispensary for Diseases of the Ear, is past-1 poned for a short time, in consequence of the death of hied Manzsrv, one of the Patrons. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. The death of King George IV. is known by thi, time throughout the greater part of England. His :.. acute and protracted bodily afflictions had prepares'' his Majesty to anticipate, with less regret than many of his subjects did for him, that final issue of all things on 'earth. For the formal co nsequences of that important event, so far as they are registered ; among the acts and ceremonials of office, w e ref,' ... to the Gazette account of the proceedings which . took place throughout Saturday at St. James's and in Parliament. The accession of King William IV. is there explicitly recorded, and the Royal engage- Hent of that Prince to maintain the reformed " la - ligion established by law, to protect the rights and !liberties, and to promote the prosperity and happi ness of all classes of his people," will be every when read - with lively confidence and satisfaction. But the memory of a Sovereign who has, through k: • period so long and so memorable, tilled the cup of worldly grandeur to the brim, and who has guided these realms, through such variety of struggle, and to such heights of fortune, cannot be dismissed thus easily. Something more is due to the name or. George IV. His Majesty was born at St. James's on the 12th of August, 1762; and lived, therefore, to be far advanced in the 68th year of his age. That he existed so long, might, considering the habits of his earlier life, be looked upon as an extraordinary proof of the original vigour of his constitution.— From boyhood upwards to the age of 30, the frame and aspect of George IV. were in the highest degret robust and beautiful. After that period other ravages than those of time began, though slowly, to make themselves visible in his person. Its line proportions were gradually lost in an uninterrupted - inclination to corpulency. The irksomeness of active exertion was increased by occasional fits of the gout, until of late years exercise on horseback proving altogether too severe a discipline, the King's ' unwieldy bulk became a ready receptacle, and a fre quent prey, to disorders, of which the symptoms were, for the most part, inflammatory. It is, there fore, we repeat, more surprising that his Majesty 'should have survived to nearly his 70th year, than that he should not have given way much sooner to . the series of ' maladies which, afflicted him. The .. reigns of Kings, though when taken fur divisions of time, unequal and slovenly, as compared with olym piads, consulates, and lustres, are nevertheless re cognised in all countries where monarchical institu dons have been established, as so many stages, or marches, in the national history. In free countries it is obvious that the general reputation of a reign affords less clue to the personal merits of the Sove- . reign, than in others where his will is the only rule of action. The title of a constitutional King rarely becomes more than a convenient index to the occur rences of a given number of years. We must not, however, infer from this, that the lives of Kin g s pos sess no interest, or involve no serious topics for re mark, besides what are suggested by the operation of contemporary laws and treaties. There are two points of view under which the chief of a civilized people forces himself on every man's attention—the political and moral ; and two questions arise out of them—viz., How has he acted upon the state by his policy, or by the policy which passes under his . name ? and, 2dly, What has been the influence oe society of his temper, tastes, and morals ? The po- !ideal relations of a King to the commonwealth take precedence as proper subjects of history : but for grave and durable importance to mankind, we know not that the best work of the historian will bear compa rison with that of the honest biographer, when the latter has for his materials the life of a contempo rary individual, and that individual a Monarch, whose characteristic propensities have been developed for more than fifty years by the possession of almost unlimited power to indulge them. The political !history of the late King of England need not detain us lung. George IV., when Prince of Wales, was, for the greater part of his life, as is usual with heirs • apparent in this country, an ostensible rallying point of Parliamentary opposition to his father's Govern ment. His Royal Highness, in his professed ad-' herence to the party out of office, felt con scious of the exercise of an independent power, • which gained him popularity and cost him nothing. - Whig doctrines having a smack of liberty about: them, were showy appendages to a Prince, and wore handsomely in fine weather, when all was calm and sunshine. But the sunshine did not last for ever. The French revolution carne, and menaced all thrones, and Royal families, and courtly institutions, with destruction. The King and his Ministers made war upon this foe. The Whig leader and his partisans' were compelled to struggle against the course adopted 'by the Minister, or they must have been extinguished as an opposition; and this again forced them into a constructive and reputed, though certainly an unde- signed, co-operation with those who laboured un der the reproach of being Jacobins, and at least theoretic rebels. The Prince, therefore, less than any man inclined to lose caste, or incur peril, for' such a cause, bade farewell to the Opposition, in a' speech against revolutionary politics; and was thenceforth designated by Mr. Fox's friends, as one unworthy of political trust or attachment. The Prince of Wales was nevertheless associated in this censure with some of the ablest and most estimable individuals of their generation. Burke, with Wind . ham by his side, and in their train Lords Spencer, Fitzwilliam, and the Bentincks, expounded the , mystery of the times in the sense in which it was understood by the heir apparent, and transferred their influence to the King's Government, embarked as it then was in the quarrel of constitutional mo :narchy, of law and liberty, against headlong vio lence and injustice. The Prince of Wales appears not to have borne any active or conspicuous part in politics, between the day on which he ceased to countenance the Foxite opposition, and that far more memorable epoch in December, 1810, at which, on the mental demise of George 111., his Royal Highness assumed the government of these realms as Prince Regent. From . that hour, which a variety of events, flowing from `a common centre, and directed by Providence to . a single end, had conspired to render the most critie cal perhaps in modern history, to the termination of his father's reign, and thence to the conclusion of his own. George IV. was not merely in name, but actually and effectively, King of England, to the full extent to which the term can be applied to a Monarch whose advisers are responsible. So far as regards the, foreign poli c y of the realm, his late Maj es ty w as i n ° very few instances we are told, inclined to be a roi faineant. He may have occasionally differed from his servants--at times be may possibly have thwarted them—but we believe that he was hardly ever an unobservant speetator of the measures which they adopted towards foreign States ; making the expres sion of a deep interest in the affairs, more particularly of continental Europe, and an earnest attention tP their progress, the role of his communications with Ministers on subjects of external concern. George, IV. bad l ong before his acces s i on t o t h e R e g enc y! encouraged the popular, though we suspect unfounded notion, that the bias of his sentiments was in favour • el' the persons and politics of Whig Statesmen. `That he had any predilection for the individuals com posing that party, except (and that on motives not pet, litical) to one whom we are under the painful neces: sity of acknowledging to be the most unprincipled of `their retainers, there seems no inducement —none, at least, in the nature of satisfactory evidence—to be lieve. That the Prince had no weak partialities for, the doctrines of " resistance," " King-cashiering,:' .:&c., usually assigned to professed students in tliek Orval of 1688, may be inferred frOm that plain rea-I sorting which led William 111., though indebted to . the Whigs for his Crown, to exclaim, that Sove reigns" ought cx ojicio, to be Tories." But if the clioic in :'choice Mr. Perceval and his colleagues for Mini sters,defiance of the Prince's impa;tatl tiredges 1 and to th e over th row o f man y anxious exp eetat io ns :l founded on a belief that such pledges had been givenes--if that choice has been made 4 reproach to' his Royal Highness on the score of personal consis tency, we must acknowledge that the Regent ap-' pears to have acted from higher and more extensive views. England was at war with Napoleon for her existence. By Mr. Perceval and his party the war had been carried on—feebly, perhaps—perhaps ellildishly,—but with a conviction, shared by tin - great body of the people of England, that the country must go through, or perish. The Whig, opposition, when forming the Ministry of 1806, had shown that they could arrive at peace neither through successful war, nor through skilful negoti ation. They had failed in all their military projects, from undertaking none but these of which the object was absurd, or the means contemptible. They made war in that happy and harmless spirit which must have proved to such an enemy as Buo naparte, that he had nothing to fear from them but peace. The Prince Regent must have remembered such proceedings, with the additional and decided consciousness, that the Whigs, who could not fight ~ in 1806, declared in 1812 that they were averse 4 from fighting. While the contest raged in Spain Hind Portugal, and Wellington was teaching a British army " to flesh" its , youthful " sword" in the lives of Frenchmen, a scattered though perti- : tracious murmur arose now and then, like some strange discord upon the general harmony of the nation; and a perverse and unseasonable cry was heard for s. - " peace." It came from the Whigs and was repeated by them, until at last it was their only note -e-" that we were engaged upon a hopeless quarrel in the Peninsula,—that we were there expending lives and - money, without end,—that our enemies were the bravest and most invincible soldiers in the world,— that we must unavoidably be driven into the ocean,'.' I . —that therefore the British troops ought to be recalled to England,—and that we ought either to negociate a treaty with Napoleon, or to make war in such a manner that it should wear the nearest possible resemblance to peace! These were! , ii effect the Opposition counsels of 1812. Is it'. then to be wondered at, if the Prince of Wales ad dressed but a languid invitation to men professing - such opinions, to co-operate in the measures of his ~ Government? It will be confessed that in no long period after the powers of the Sovereignty devolved .., upon the Regent, proofs were afforded that a stre nuous and resolute policy would, if adopted by his Ministers, be encouraged and enforced by their Master. The scale of warlike action was speedily enlarged. A bolder spirit was displayed in the ma- nagernerit of more powerful and decisive operations. The national sympathies which pervaded the people of Europe, were seized upon as facilities for a re- newel of friendship amongst her estranged and distracted Courts. England became once more the soul of a tremendous confederacy against the uni versal tyrant. From the Tagus to the Garonne she subdued every thing—she reanimated every thing from the Beresina to the Rhine. It is not to be disputed, that in those events which fix the ge-• rreral attention of mankind, and stand promi- . 'nent among the annals of a nation, the reign just - ended furnishes a rich contrast with that of our la-:' merited Sovereign George 111. The long life anti? government of the last named Monarch were dis- tinguished by defeats and misfortunes. The first; achievement of his Administration was a disgraceful„: peace. Its next, a more disgraceful civil war, by e which the British empire was enfeebled, exhausted, and finally dismembered. A third, the war with °evolutionary France, in which England uncloubt- edly lost no honour, but gaining it largely through -, the triumphs of her unconquerable fleets, it secured her nothing more than her national independence; e and included in that contest was another civil war,, through which Ireland all but completed the same ''. course which North America had run before her." The basis, indeed, and principles of a change of that unhappy fortune which marked throughout the larger portion of his reign the foreign policy of George 111., may have been laid by him at such 1.. period as would enable his successor to profit by ' them from the moment of his accession to power. - That, however, was all. The rough-hewn materials were as yet " unshaped" by Providence, and the end itself-but dimly seen, and at a distance. Yet Spain was in the field, Russia was arming, and , Europe clanking her chains. The Government .. of George the Fourth knew how to mould` these elements to its purpose, and wrought.. upon them Rich spirit, perseverance, and devo;ion. The consequences need not be detailed. After ye . - rious and severe experiments, the most formidable' military potentate of the earth was extinguished, Although in the prosecution of that great victory immense sums were levied from the people, and an enormous debt incurred, under a certainty, in the minds of all intelligent men, that the resources which enable us to bear it, would be diminished by the very success of its application to the end of universal peace,—although the re-action against Buorraparte, of which the first example had been set by England,. became after 1812 so strong, that to co-operate with it may seem, on her part, to have been little more than passive wisdom,—still, weighing the results of those extraordinary occurrences with so much as we can yet presume to affirm of their causes, if there was error, there was more of decision and sagacity,--11. there was miscarriage, there was also more of me morable triumph,—exhibited and accomplished in the name of George IV. than in that of any Sove reign, from the great Elizabeth downwards, wino has ever sat upon the British Throne. The war waged by England from 1793 to 1815 became, under an auspices of his late Majesty, the instrument of a general and solid peace, which, notwithstanding some partial interruptions at the extremities of Europe, has already maintained itself for the unusual period of almost fifteen years. Even should that compact not be destined to endure much longer, it must have proved a consolation to the expiring Monarch, that the repose for which mankind were mainly indebted to tho energy of his free and enlightened people, and to the constancy of his unyielding counsels, he had succeeded in pre serving to the last moment of a brilliant reign, un broken, Such is a rude and hasty outline of the poli tical annals of George IV., in so far as they directly involved the relations of England with foreign Governments—whether allied, rival, or in spirit, more than once, nnfrietally. Confining our sentence to that single department of his reign, we may ven ture to anticipate from the historian, on behalf of his late Majesty, that lie will be represented to after ages, as a vigorous, discerning, and honourable Prince—possessing, where tire welfare of his people required it, a masculine and intrepid resolution — fulfilling hie engagements, expressed or implied, with fidelity—and discharging the duties a iaternational neighbourhood, with j u d gmen t, p at i ence , temper , an d! success, amidst jarring interests, trying provocations,i and in,petuous and deeply exasperated passions. In' its domestic Government of the British nation geeee rally, the spirit and,maxims of the 18,4 - Nign were such on the whole as the age slernanded, and such as might challenge Coe deliberate approval of sober and clear-sighted men. pr ? ro g ativo made no harsh or unbecoming pretensions under the deceased Mo narch. The public liberties were disembarrassed, since his accession to the Crown, of .restraines or menaces by which the Ministers of hisAegency had insulted them. The sesitainal la w s were at once mi.- tigated, samplined, and compressed. Justice was " administered in mercy :," weer was the gracious prerogative of pardon exercised with more readiness than by George IV. The foundations .were laid of extensive reforms in the law of real property and of Judicial proceeding. Some glimmerings of light sad' hope were thrown across the gulf of equity jurisdice !ion, and attempta sveee tolerated for cheapening ittettee to the poor, But one vast measure of wisdom f and integrity will distinguish to remote ages the reign of George IV. from all that preceded it,. • and from all by which it can be followed, The single act of Catholic emancipatioes was, to Pro s testant and Catholic, an art o; political redemptioth It stripped rsepesey of martyrdom, her eatery wop-:_77:lE rescued the reformed church from the disgrace of persecution--it breathed a living soul, into the dead letter of the Union with I re l an d-2 restored five millions of British subjects to their, birthright—and transformed the same number a malignant enemies into eager citi zens o f a cotronori l country. Here we might close our allusion to th e r eign of his late Majesty, with a consciousness on our own parts that we had not said too much ; and that there are many who would pardon us for ab staining from further observations. But there re mains, unfortunately, a task to be executed, which it were disgraceful and pusillanimous to evade Kings cannot be viewed in all, or in their most im portant phases, by regarding them only on horseback, and in the camp, or in robes of state, or at th, council board. There is a moral no less than a poli. tical influence which a Monarch seldom fails to exer cise over his people. Apart from prerogatives and political institutions, Kings reign over society ie their persons and their habits, as they do by thei , :elinisteis ov er th e sta t e i tse lf. A Sovereign on the throne cannot enjoy an exemption from the first law of his regal existence, which places him on higl fora constant spectacle and frequent model to others; nor can he grant to his subjects a licence to fret themselves from the fetters of sympathy and imita tion, cast over them by the unavoidable ascendant: whether it be for evil or for good, of that Court o which he forms the inspiring and moving power The qualities of individuals concern chiefly thenesel se s and their connexions. An ordinary gentleman trn.. have private virtues or vices, and he and the. find refuge and oblivion in the grave. But a King has no private character; he is all " matter of re cord ;" he acts incessantly on the manners or morale of his subjects; all his proceedings affect the taste, or principles of the community, in a degree of which , he precedents established by o th er men are altoge rther incapable. Of a King, therefore, there is no thing sacred but his person; for we have a right to 'speak of those things of which we feel and trace the results upon our own best interests. A King, it: 'the truest sense, "belongs to history ;" and his name and reputation fall within her" stern grasp from the hour at which the tomb receives his ashes. Th( strenuous and elevated character of Elizabeth formed the minds of her admiring subjects for deep reflec tion and vigorous action. That of James, so far ta it had any influence, imbued them with his own are petite for solemn littleness and the display of leant ing drawn from books, however indiscriminate am : unprofitable. Charles If., by a course of audaciou and systematic profligacy, transplanted into Eraglant every foreign vice. George I. and 11. were sow.• gers in the heart of England, and she was little di halted by their intrusion, or wrought upon by ti coarse and vulgar stupidity of their vices. Georg( 111. was an Englishman, and was a part, and en mean part, of the nation. He made an early and happy marriage with a virtuous woman, and his Court and family were moulded, as nearly as circuire stances would admit of, upon the model of a private but noble house. The decorum and graces of do mestic life surrounded this whole establishment. Husband and wife were seen every where togethet and attended by their children were seen frequently and familiarly, without ehurlisimess, or insolence, ()I , airs of exclusion, by the poorest suljects of Georg( , III.; while the good-humoured ease and simplicity of the King's deportment,—bis regular habits, and ,punctual attention to ordinary duties,—his love of rural scenes, and sports, and business,—his affahlt and kindly manners;—his unostentatious, but wel!- Ijudged and extensive, charities,—his m a nif es t con - Isciousness that he and his countrymen belonged tt reach other, and were governed by common tastes !and feelings,—obtained for George 111. an uri.- 1 versal access to the hearts of the people, and rec - Formally influenced the farmer's fireside and tin 'Royal palace. But we turn to his successor, now 'deceased. George P r i nce o f W a l es was an intelli gent and spirited boy, and too soon discovered that he was heir apparent to the Crown of England. Th ,authority of his father, exercised over him mi. strictness In his childhood, relaxed of necessity as In advanced in years; but vicious flatterers—those . vultures whose prey is the heart of Princes—lay i: wait for the adventurer as he quitted the parent:: [ roof, and laun c h e d hi s y oung b ar k upon t h e wor l, l 'We have record e d, f rom t h e aut h or i ty o f an i n di v i. !dual familiar with the subject on which he bon witness, the assertion--the disgraceful end provokin, assertion—although undoubtedly it was meant as : screen to something, if possible, still worse—the neither the late Prince of Wales, nor the Duke c.. York, could ever be made to comprehend Me volt' of money, the difference, as it was insinuated, be. tween pounds, shillings, and pence! If so, both brothers must have been deficient in the most ordi nary powers of intellect, which, as to one of then , at least, is known to be an egregious error. If i was intended to establish the fact, that neither of these Princes had ever been made conversant wit! the means through which money is lawfully pr( - cured, or with the uses to which it ought to b, directed, the defect is, unhappily, too common to he incredible, in relation to persons of a rank so elevate that they need not labour for their bread. Let the cause, however, be what it may, the Prince of Wale: soon acquired, if not an appetite for wasting money. an habit of prodigality the most reckless, unceas ing, and , unbounded ; nor has the country ceased t( . feel to this hour the effects of an indifference to the sufferings of others,, little creditable in him who se frequently agggravated or produced them. To .'ere las 1 years of his existence this woeful spii.t , :: -of Pavilion,waste a I I prodigality has possessed the Subj°'7 of our memoir. A Prince of Wales in the tawdj i . mountebankchildishness of Carl ton-house, and in O. cluster of pattod`.*.S at Brighton, his Royal Highness i afforded tin infallible earnest of what might on( day be expected from his Majesty, when the app'- 1 tite for profusion, and the contempt for all that de serves the name of architecture, should have reached their full maturity and perfection. In July, 1783 50,0001. per annum was settled on the Prince, titer, about completing his 21st year. In July, 1780,1, only three years afterwards, his debts amounted ts . something more than 160,000/., and were shortie afterwards discharged at the public expence. le 1795, after eight years more,.a fresh accumulation of debt was disclosed, to the extent then admitted of 630,0001., and was provided for by an addition to the Prince's income of 88,0001. per annum. Not . withstanding this, in 1801, a farther addition et 8,000/. a tear was bestowed upon his Royal High- - ness ; and again, in 1805, the debts formerly rates at 630,000/. having been found to exceed 800,0001.,; the national bOunty was once more drawn upon, and the Royal spendthrift was gratified by a fourth pen • sion of 60,0001. per annum, terminable on the expi ration of three years. In the mean fis'ne the mat riage of the Prince of Wales had taken place ; an(! 1795 was the era of that mou rn f u l ceremony — of that festivity, dark miii tragic. The nation, as his Royal Highn,visa was well informed, would have been disgusted by any attempt to relieve him from tha importunities of his creditors, by yet another grant of money, while the first encroachment on is , generosity was still so recent. Some familiar th en counselled him to bribe the people of England by an appeal at once to their good nature and their morality; and to marry—for , the public good : Those who knew little of the Prince's character, . and tvho discredited as calumnies the eurrem rumours respecting his life, were eaFer for this earliest of a second example of domestic regularity and concord in the Royal family of England, and asked each other " who was to be the fortunate object of his affections " Those who knew bett er , " asked who w' es to be the victim of his necessities?" And her name was in due season announced, R e _ . ports at that period were circulated every where, that the Royal patents of the Prince had differed in opinion with regard to the lady who should be thus distinguished; that a niece e each of these illustrious persuages,had been proposed; but that after see )e interval, George 111, prevailed, and th, elkoice lighted on Qtrolitte Princess of Brunswlth. IWe would gladly forbear to touch any further or.. the fete of this most ill-used of the Brunswick race, awl with one exception the most unhappy ; bat wt. dare not. avoid the subject, Although now to d we l l upon it would excite feeling's which may be let sleep, without the sacrifice of any paramount duty. Th, Princess of Wales would not, it is probable, make any circumstances, have made her husband a Ii member of the marriage state. To supply that absent grace to Ids character she must Lace reclaimed, him,; and the st ife who, svoui 0 reclaim a libertine must begin by awakening lei, r