The Sun. — London, England, 1833-04-09 00:00:00

'SPIRIT OF ruE PUBLIC JOURNALS. It would be difficult to conceive a state of things more embarrassing than that which now exists in the East. Never, perhaps, had any Governments a more difficult task on their hands than those of France and England. Turkey, a body politic, almost lifeless, is attacked by the powerful Viceroy of Egypt, whose victorious army is already in possession of the principal port of the Levant, and who is determined to advance on Constantinople itself. Russia, which has long looked on Turkey as her own, after making war on the Sultan, to prevent his carrying his military reforms into full effect, and thus interpose an obstacle to her future attempts —cannot be expected to view with any satis faction the approach to Constantinople of a Sovereign, already in possession of a well trained army, which would enable him to become the secure Monarch of Turkey. Ac cordingly we see that Russia has been playing her own game, disregarding equally the entreaties and remonstrances of France and England ; that, in spite of Admiral Roussin, her fleet refused to quit the Bosphorus—that she is moving troops on the Danube, and taking up transports in the ports .of the Black Sea, to convey other troops to it theatre of war. England and France, on the Other hand, are sending ships of war in all haste to the Mediterranean, with a view to rescue the Sultan from the hostility of Mehemet Ali, and the friendship of the Czar. Should the army of the Viceroy approach Constantinople, we may judge from its reception at Smyrna, that the Viceroy would be hailed as a deliverer by the whole Mahomedan population. He would be come the founder of a new dynasty. Should the Czar, on the other hand, succeed in enabling the Sultan to defeat Mehemet Ali, the Sultan would be entirely dependent on Russia, which might then take portion after portion of the Turkish territory at her convenience. If the French and nglish are not on the spot in sufficient time and in sufficient force, Mehemet AR or the Czar will be master of Turkey. But if they should succeed in their object, and keep the Russians and Egyptians from coining in contact with each other, they will then have on their hands an empire from which all autho rity shall have departed. Turkey, at best a wretchedly organized Government, will no longer be held together by either the fears or the re spect of the subjects. When in the West of Europe a government is overthrown, the civili zation and intelligence of the people are such that they instantly of themselves form a provi sional government, and the march of law and order is hardly interrupted. But an interference with Turkey is a very different affair. The difficulty which has been experienced in establish ing anything like order in the comparatively small territory of Greece, and the necessity for raising loans and providing a force for the new King, to give him the means of carrying on a Government, may enable us to conceive what a task the maintaining the Sultan would be by European diplomacy and European resources. The prevalent idea is, that such is the hatred of the Russians at Constantinople, that the popula tion will break out long before the arrival of the troops from the Danube and the Black Sea; and that thus the way will be smoothed to Ibrahim. Should the Russians succeed in entering Con stantinople in force before the arrival of Ibrahim, it would be difficult for him to expel them. But then, on the other hand, if Ibrahim get possession of the capital before the arrival of the Russians, he will probably be more than a match for them. The Egyptian army is, according to all accounts, admirably trained and officered, and, in point of quality, is probably not inferior to that of Russia. The world now appreciates the qualities of a Russian army better than it once did. In the meantime, the policy of the King of Holland becomes a little more intelligible. The Russians, in anticipation of the struggle in Turkey, wished to keep the Belgian question open, in order that the King of Holland might furnish employ ment for the French and English. Bonaparte would at once have said—Turkey cannot stand. If Russia do not seize it to-day, it will to morrow. Let us support Egypt, which will then be a bulwark against Russia, but we doubt whether France and England will adopt this policy ; nor are we sure that they ought to adopt it. We suppose they will trust to the chapter of accidents fur the regeneration of Turkey, and confine their exertions to the keep ing Russia and Egypt from coming into colli sion. We observe that the French newspapers are already rejoicing at the prospect of a great Africo-Asiatic state in the basin of the Medi terranean, of which they should, through Algiers, be the natural allies. " This (says the Consti tutionnel) would be of immense advantage to our commercial interests."— MorningChroniele. We have already noticed the interesting vo lume of evidence, published by the authority of the Government, from the commissioners ap pointed to inquire " into the present adminis tration and operation of the poor laws," and have described its general character.. Before we proceed further to enumerate the points which we think it establishes, or to extract any part of its contents, it may be proper to mention how the collection was made. The commission on the poor laws is a Crown commission consisting of eight members, who undertook its laborious duties gratuitously. Among them we find the names of the Bishop of London, of the Bishop of Chester, of Mr. Sturges Bourne, and of Mr. Senior, well known for several lectures and pamphlets which he published as Professor of Political Economy at Oxford. 'These gentle men composed a Central Board, who in the first place examined what had been done by previous committees of inquiry on the poor laws, and thus ascertained the deficiency of information which they were required to supply. They soon saw that it was necessary to employ assistant com missioners to proceed to the different districts of the country to make an actual survey of the state of the poor, with authority from the Central Board to request, in their name, and in that of the ' Government, magistrates, clergymen, and over seers, to forward the object of their investiga tions. For the guidance of these commission ers, the Central Board drew up an extensive and discriminating office of instructions, and framed a set of questions or queries, which they were to distribut e or circulate among those persons whom they might meet, capable by their office or their position to supply correct answers. Each of the assistant commissioners has drawn up an extended report, which is now printing ; but, in order to have a specimen, at the earliest period, of the nature of the information which it will contain, the Home wisely or d ere d Secretary them to make , c ex tr a cts of such parts of th e i r vidence as they thought most deserving of attention. These " extracts, published with the sanction of the Central Board, compose the present volume. In submitting it to Lord Mel bourne, the chief Commissioners Justly remark, that, the ugh it composes only a small portion of the evidence on which they are preparing to re port to his Majesty, it affords more information on the subject to which it relates than has hitherto berm supplied to the country. Their own general report, containing a summary of the facts ascertained, and a suggestion of the reme dies that may be applied, may not appear for some time. We mentioned in our first notice a few of the points which we thought clearly established in the present volume against the existing administration of the poor laws. The whole book is full of evidence of the fatal effects of the system on the industry, prudence, and economy of the labourers. In answer, for in stance, to the queries of the Commission, the Vicar of Lenham, in Kent, declares, that the " industry of the labourers in his neighbourhood is decidedly diminishing. Nor is it to be won dered at, when a man maintained in idleness (nominally at work on the roads) receives the same as a man regularly at work on the land." The churchwarden and assistant-overseer of the same parish confirm this statement, and assign the same reason. In Mr, Majendie's report from the parish of Eastbourn, in Sussex, we find the following passage : _ _ "In the month of December, 1832, four healthy young men, receiving from 12s. to 14s. per week from the parish, refused to work at thrashing for a farmer at 24.6 d. and a quart of ale per day, and the only punishment in flicted on them by the parish officers was taking off half a day's pay, Is. ; at the same time a poor widow, aged 75, could obtain but Is. per week for her support from the vestry. The fishermen being secure of pay without labour, refuse to go out to sea in winter; one has said, " Why should I expose myself to fatigue and danger, when the parish supports my family and pays my rent 7" The masters in the fishery have in consequence been forced to send to Hastings for hands requisite to man their boat•. Rent of cottages is generally paid for families of three children to the annual amount of 3071. Since the time of the riots, and the establishment of the present scale of parish wages, the vestries held every fortnight for determining relief are very ill attended,—the parishioners seeming to despair of any improvement; and anxious hopes are expressed of the interference of Government." It would be needless to multiply quotations to the same effect from the reports of Mr. Maclean on Surrey and Sussex, of Messrs. Wrottesley and Cameron on Buckinghamshire, and from those of other assistant commissioners in different parts of the country. 2. In the second place, we have here ample testimony in these " ex tracts," that the present administration of the poor laws prevents the circulation of labour, and confines labourers to places where they are not wanted, by excluding them from districts where their labour might be beneficially employed. For remarkable proofs of this fact we may refer to the reports of Mr. Wilson, Mr. Cowel, and Mr. Chadwick. 3. In the third place, the poor laws, as at present administered, destroy all motives in the labourer to save property or to ac cumulate the fruits of industry, by absolutely re fusing employment to those who are known to pos sess anything, and only granting the labourer employment when his money is spent. " flan in dustrious man," says Mr.Courthorpe, speaking of 'l'icehurst parish, in Sussex," were known to have laid by any part of his wages, and thus to have accumulated any considerable sum, there are parishes in which he would be refused work till his savings were gone, and the knowledge that this would be the case acts as a preventive against saving." There are at least more than a dozen of passages in the evidence from different parts of the country corroborating this striking state ment. The absolutely destitute should, if they are able to work, be employed first : but the pos session of some means of living should not be a bar to employment, after relief has been first administered to those to whom it was necessary. 4. In the fourth place, it is needless to say, that if the labourer under the influence of such mo tives wastes his own property or earnings, he must be a worse manager of the poor fund, which he regards as a fit subject for plunder. It will scarcely be believed, unless it were established on conclusive evidence, that in some parishes we find sums of 421., or even 501., set down as given from the rates to individual paupers and their families in one year. 5. That the present mode of administering the poor laws has a ten dency not only to prevent the accumulation of property, but even to destroy the capital of their employers, and to absorb the rent of land, is a fact established by a great variety of examples from dif ferent districts. " In this parish, says the Vicar of Lenham, agricultural capital is diminishing. We spend more than 2,0001. a year in unpro ductive labour, and the land is becoming daily in a worse state of cultivation, and the means of raising this sum is daily diminishing. Thus the farmer is compelled to employ fewer hands or sacrifice his capital. By the former measure he increases the rate, already as much as he can pay, and by the latter he ruins hithself." But, with out adverting to any farther passages of these " extracts," to prove this fact, we shall only refer to the Rev. Mr. Jeston's letters relative to Chollsbury, in Buckinghamshire. The popula tion of this parish is 139, and there are only 35 who are not supported by the rates The culti vation of the land has been abandoned, with the exception of 16 acres, and the poor are supported by a rate in aid from neighbouring parishes. " The property," says Mr. Jeston, " is an in cumbrance to the proprietor, who can obtain no rent, the rates assessed on the land far exceeding its value." 6. The only other point to which we have room at present to advert, as satisfac torily established in the interesting volume be fore us, is the progress in numerous districts of discontent among the paupers with their allow. ance. Mr. Majendie, one of the assistant com missioners, in speaking of Sussex, says— " The assistant-overseers having been ill-treated by the mobs, are reluctant to make complaints for neglect of work, lest they should become marked men, and their lives rendered uncomfortable, or even unsafe. Farmers permit their labourers to receive relief, founded on a cal culation of a rate of wages lower than that actually paid; they are unwilling to put themselves in co'lision with the labourers, and will not give any account of earnings, or, if they do, beg that their names may not be mentioned. A similar feeling prevails in East Kent : at Westwell the farmers are afraid to express, at vestry-meetings, their opinions against a pauper who applies for relief, tor tear their premises should be set fire to. Two of the fires immediately followed such a resistance ; one of them hap pened to a most respectable farmer, a kind and liberal waster, and a promoter of cottage allotments. The allowance system is represented to be so esta blished, that, without some legislative enactment, neither overseers, vestries, nor magistrates, can make any effec tual change; and if local regulations were attempted, a repetition of the outrages of 1830 may be expected. Day wages seem to be fixed at 2s. to 2s. 3d. ; which are nut thought too high, were it not for the rates, but the ;artners state that the present relief, coupled with that rate of wages, is exhausting their capital." We have only room to add the account which the assistant commissioner, Mr. Okeden, gives of Caine The operation of the scale system is complete. " Caine labours under the disadvantage of having had a manufacture, which lately has fallen into decay—a manu facture of coarse cloths and serges; so that many men Dave been thrown out of employ, as manufacturers, who are unused to, and nearly incapable of, the least sort of field labour. I met many of the paupers who came either for increase of pay or for other relief. I never, even in Oxfordshire, heard demands made with more brutal inso• lence. We will have our right by the scale, or Mr. Overseer shall take the consequence,' was often repeated. " The assistant-overseer, and the other parish officers, allowed that no attention whatever was ever paid to charac'er ; hot that the most notorious drunkards, swearers, and thieves, with wives and families, w•-re all duly relieved by the arithmetic of the magistrate's scale. I asked them if they never took these men before the Bench for punishment. Their answer was, that they had so often been reprimanded, and triumphed over (to us. their own expression), that they had given it up in despair, and relieved all alike, bad and good, meritorious and pro fligate."— Times. That reform, like charity, should " begin at home," seems to be a very useful maxim ; nor do we think that it would lose any of its value were a reformed Parliament to set the example of its adoption. We here allude to the enor mous charges which attend every step which the represented take to obtain either laws or redress at the hands of their representatives. In the case of local legislation, for instance, what can be so outrageously unjust and oppressive as the enormous costs which parties are put to either to ask or obtain it ? It seems a strange perversion of that clause of the Great Charter which says that justice shall not be sold, that the popular branch of the Legislature shall allow its own officers to levy an enormous tax upon every one who seeks justice in this and almost any other way at its hands. A private Bill of the shortest and most simple kind (one of naturalisation, for instance) cannot be passed, we believe, a t an expense of less than 5001. ; and, what is still more extraordinary, a private Act which has relation to more places and parishes than one, without perhaps, a hun dred words being added to it on that ac count, has the whole of its charges doubled, trebled, quadrupled, and. so on, as the case may be, upon no other principle upon earth, as it would seem, but that of mere extortion. But it is due to Parliament to admit that in this respect it treats its Members no better than their constitu ents—the expense of contested elections before Committees of the House being far, very far, beyond the charges of any other species of liti gation into which a man can have the misfortune to fall. There are instances, we believe, in the present Parliament, of men having abandoned their seats rather than be at the ruinous cost of defending them ; and we have heard it inti mated that the new Member for the borough of Marylebone means to abandon his rather than have to contend with the purse of his late un successful opponent, unless his constituents come forward and shield him from the consequences of a ruinous and unequal contest. Now, all this is what it is the obvious duty of Parliament to prevent and put an end to. Talk of " cheap law" and " cheap government," indeed, when the source from which both the one and the other ought to emanate affords itself the grossest instance of the evil which it ought to cure ! Something effec tual has certainly been done towards diminish ing the expense of elections themselves, by shortening the duration of the polls, and bring ing the polling places nearer home to the voters ; but much even in this respect remains to be done before men of moderate fortune can safely enter the lists with those whose overwhelming wealth is often their only recommendation. Within the walls of Parliament no expense, however, has been diminished. Fees, enormous and without number, meet the unfortunate ap plicant on every turn ; while the out-door counsel and agents, not to be outdone by the example set them from within, double and treble their demands upon the unfortunate victim of their rapacity, whether he be a suitor for an Act or Vie assailant or defender of a seat in the House. Such a state of things is not creditable to the popular branch of the Legislature ; and we would, therefore, say to a reformed Parliament, " reform it altogether."—Morning Herald. A Ministerial Paper of last night threatens the King of the Netherlands, in a manner suffi ciently vague and mysterious, with some terrible thing or other, to be done byEngland and Francf, in respect to the island of Java, if he fail much longer to acquiesce in the wishes of those two Powers. What is to be done about the island of Java we really do not know, although we can easily:believe that France may have a hanker. ing after this fruitful possession, and may hope to cajole England into the opinion that the oc cupation of it would be a fit mode of punishing the obstinacy of King William. The acquisi tion of any new colonies by England is plainly out of the question, for the whole world would be convulsed with laughter at the idea of a go vernment desiring more colonies after having shown itself so entirely incapable of governing the colonies it now possesses. We will not, however, suppose for a moment that the menacing innuendo of our contemporary is any thing more than a freak of editorial sportiveness. What ever he may think of the Government of England, now that it is in the hands of his friends, he can not imagine that the people of England would desire to see a new distribution of colonial do minion at the expense of Holland and for the profit of France. It is true, as the Ministerial Journals boast, that a large amount of Dutch commercial property is in British possession—of property unlawfully seized in the harbours of England, or piratically taken upon the high sea, and the British nation yet tolerate the Govern ment by which these crimes have been committed; but the placing of Java in the occupation of France would be an extension of the principle of marauding upon the weak and truckling to the strong, for which the people of England are yet scarcely prepared. The effects of the lawless captures which Great Britain has made may, in part at least, be repaired by restitution ; but, after an act of territorial robbery, perpetrated in con junction with such a confederate as France, this kind of reparation would probably not be quite so easy. The people of England at least, we suppose, are satisfied that their Government has cut out for itself work enough at Jamaica, and its other islands of the West Indies, without meddling with Java. There is something disgusting in the manner in which the or gans of Ministers habitually speak of Dutch affairs. They affect to forget altogether a truth of which it is impossible they should be ignorant, that in proportion as Holland is de spoiled or weakened the influence of England, as one of the great E uro p ean p owers , is im paired, and the security of England against foreign insult or aggression rendered more pre carious. They extol the injuries which have been inflicted, and the further injuries which may be inflicted, upon Holland, as if they were beneficial to this country, instead of being, as they know they are, most detrimental to her welfare and power. They glory in the losses sustained by the Dutch, as if Great Britain /Were the gainer, instead of being, as they know she is, a sharer in the loss. How, we would beg them to explain, can a million of Dutch mercantile property be locked up by an embargo or by buccaneering, without causing an increase of bankruptcies in England, where already there were of bankruptcies more than enough ? How can the Colonies of Holland be threatened without bringing new dangers upon the Colonies of England, which do not at present repose in too perfect a cons c i ou s ness o f safety? flow can Holland be impoverished or enfeebled without detriment to the wealth and power of Great Britain, which at this moment has no great reason to boast herself too affluent or too mighty? And what ultimate advantage do the scribes of the Treasury expect to realize, were it possible for them to succeed in their industrious efforts to render the Government and people of Hol land the objects of popular dislike among their countrymen ? To free the Administration of Earl Grey from some portion of the odium which surrounds it ? To raise the character of the Government of France in the estimation of the British people ? To prepare this nation to relish oppression towards the weak, and applaud injustice when practised by the strong? To deprive England of the character she has glori ously maintained, from the days of Elizibeth downwards, whenever she has had a wise, ener getic, and popular Government, of natural pro tector to the smaller States of Europe against the aggressions of the greater ? To leave this nation without friends or allies, to fight, alone and unassisted, its battle with France, when ever the latter, actuated either by ambition or by jealousy, shall choose some propi tious moment for assailing its independence or tarnishing its honour ? This is the final and inevitable result of those principles and disposi tions which the Ministerial Press strives so assi duously to inculcate. We sincerely hope that its toil will be, as it has been hitherto, not less unprosperous than it is certainly disgraceful. We hope that the people of England will not permit themselves to be corrupted and betrayed by the base Press of a profligate Administration ; that they will never be brought to delight in oppressing the weak, or be so far vitiated as to bestow their applause upon powerful injustice ; that England will continue to be, what she has hitherto been, a protector to the feeble and a check to the strong; that England will yet be enabled to recover that respect and confidence which she once enjoyed among the nations of the earth ; and that whenever it may be her lot once more to struggle with the power of France for the preservation of her inde pendent existence she will not find herself friend less. These are our hopes, and, because we think these hopes cannot be otherwise realised, we hope very sincerely that the character of the present Government of France may remain just what it is in the estimation of the British people ; that the Administration of Earl Grey may not be' rescued from any portion of the odium that now surrounds it ; that the people of England may retain the faculty, notwithstand ing all the efforts of the Ministerial Press, of distinguishing between right and wrong ; and that William of Nassau may long be deemed a better man and a greater hero than the Citizen King, and the loyal subjects of the former fitter objects of British sympathy and favour than the reckless revolutionists who reared the blood stained throne of the latter.— Morning Post. Files of the Barbadoes Papers were yesterday received to the end of February. Hydrophobia bad in crea•ed there to a fearful degree, and much alarm prevailed. SUICIDE.—We are sorry to state, that a respectable merchant in this city, committed suicide yes terday, by throwing himself over a window in Lothian street. The decent being from the third flat, the unfor tunate man was so much injured, that he died a few hours afterwards. He was a peaceable, sober living man, much respected by his neighbours, and no cause can be assigned f ,r his committing the melancholy act. Scotsman. Stourbridge great horse fair was held last week; the principal transactions took place, however, on M.,nday. The show of horses was good, but there was not that number of the finest description of animals to be met with which have been accustomed to be shown at this fair ; and the place of the young nag horse, which the farmers of the country were used to exhibit, was in a great measure occupied by the colts of the heavy kind. For the few of the best horses shown, there was an eager demand. The London dealers attended in greater num bers than customary, and bought at high prices, but their purchases were understood to be principally for France. There were buyers of good gigsters and hacks, at fair prices: seasoned cart horses also went off readily, and altogether the business done at the fair was to a consider able evtent.—Hereford Times. FEMALE EXPECTATIONS.—The inordinate expectations of some women really passes wonder. A lady with 2001. a year writes me word that she will not marry unless I can procure her an income of 1,5001. Another with 751. a year, and passee, requires good looks, distingue manners, and a carriage; her own money being secured to her. And a Scotch widow, with one child, ordinary person, and sans sous, desires me to in troduce her to a gentleman of ancient family (she is, of course, descended from WALLACE), with at least 2,000/. per annum, " that she may regain her former position in society ;" and, by way of recommendation, she assures me, that she was so devotedly attached to her husband, that she will never allow her feelings to be implicated a!ain. For this 2,000/. a year and a husband, both good thins in their way, I may reckon on receiving her " beet thanks ;" and she is at this moment excessively angry with me, because I do not give her the introduction immedi ately. There are others who betray a wilful contempt, or an innocent ignorance, of orthography, who seriously re ply to announcements headed, " A man of hereditary rank," &c. But these are some of the inconsistencies all must expect who hazard a public advertisement.— Fra ser's Magazine. - CONSUMMATE VIr.LANY. —Many attempts having been made to open a friendly intercourse with the irascible Indians of Newfoundland, the government at length offered a reward of fifty pounds to any person who would bring one alive to St. John's. A fisherman con trived to seize a young female who was paddling in her canoe to procure birds' eggs, from an inlet at a short dis tance from the main land. This woman was conveyed to the capital, the fisherman received his reward, and the captive was treated with great humanity, kindness, and at tention. The principal merchants and ladies of St. John's vied with each other in cultivating her good graces, and presents poured in upon her from all quarters. She seemed tolerably contented with her situ ition, when sur rounded by a company of female visiters, but became out. rageous if any man approac' ea, excepting the person who had deprived her of her liberty. To him she was ever gentle and affectionate. When this singular female bad remained long enough at St. John's to be made sensible of the kindness and good intentions of the Europeans, the fisherman who brought her was employed to reconduct her to the spot whence he had dragged her away. The sequel of this history is scarcely to he credited, yet it is entirely worthy of implicit credit. The villain who had deprived this poor savage of her relations, friends, and liber y, con ceived the plan of murdering her on ber voyage back, in order to possess himself of the baubles which bad been presented to her by the inhabitants of St. John's. By this dreadful act the assassin obtained articles to the value of nearly a hundred pounds, and subsequently retired to England to enjoy the plunder of his unfortunate victim. ' DUNKEI.A.—There died lately at Murthly Code, a man of the name of JAMES ANDERSON, a com plete eccentric both in his person and his manners. JAMIE was rather more than four feet in height ; a ith legs and feet which bore more resemblance to those of a water fowl than of a man. Fur the last threescore years JAMIE tilled the post of " fool" at Murthly Castle, and likewise those of errand-boy and ben-keeper. Although he was a tool," JAMIE was by no means deficient in talent for looking after his own interest, as the " substance" he left at his death testifies; he had likewise read a good deal, a n 1 retained a great portion of what he did read on his memory. While in the enjoyment of good health JAMIE was by no means fond of visiteis entering his private do micile, but for a short time before his death he was con fined to bed, and had to permit some of his servants to attend him. At his desire they commenced a search through the room, and found in a box filled with candle ends, newspapers, &c., bank notes to the amount of 3001. ; in a corner of the room, buried among rubbish, they dis covered a bag containing 20/. in -silver; and about his bed they found 56/. in banknotes, and a bank receipt for 301., which, with 201. in specie got in his great-coat, amounts to 4261., of which he left by will twelve pounds per annum to a brother of his own, who has been for some time in a destitute state, and the remainder to his near relations.•..- Edinburgh Evening Courant. ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE. WARWICK ASSIZES. TRIAL OF THE NUNEATON RIOTERS. It will be recollected that during the late election for the northern division - of Warwickshire, at which Sir E. Wilmot and Mr. Dugdale were the success ful, and Mr. Dempster Heming the unsuccessful, candidates, the polling was said to have been inter rupted at Nuneaton by the violence of a most out rageous mob. The Rev. S. B. Heming, a magis trate, residing in the town, and brother of the losing candidate, was also charged with inciting and abet ting the rioters, and during the last term a rule Nisi, to show cause why a criminal information should not be filed against him for so doing, was ob tained in the Court of King's Bench. Mr. Heming will show cause early in the next term. In the interim, however, the supporters of Mr. Dugdale, against whom the principal violence was directed, have iastituted prosecutions against some of the principal rioters. On Saturday last, at the Warwick Assizes, before Mr. Justice BOSANQUET, William Betteridge and Thomas Watts were placed at the bar, charged with having, on the 21st of December last, at Nuneaton, together with divers other persons unknown, unlaw fully, riotously, and tumultuously assembled to gether, and for refusing to disperse themselves, on proclamation being made in the King's name, com manding them so to do, and for felonionsly remaining •ogether for the space of one hour after such pro clamation was made, contrary to the statute, and against the peace, &c. Mr. CLARKE, Mr. Sergeant GOULBURN, and Mr. BALGUY appeared as Counsel for the prosecution. Mr. CLARKE stated the case to the jury. The indictment was founded upon a salutary statute, the Ist George 1., which enacted, that any assemblage of persons to the number of twelve, who continued together after the Riot Act had been read and pro claimed, should be adjudged guilty of a capital fe lony. In December last, the election took place fcr the Northern Division of Warwickshire, and Nunea ton, the scene of the disturbances which would shortly be detailed to the jury, was one of the poll ing places appointed under the Act. On Friday morning, at nine o'clock, the polling commenced, when he (the Learned Counsel) should be able to show that the most violent and successful attempts were made to prevent Mr. Dugdale's voters going to the poll. On a voter in that gen•leman's inte rest presenting himself, the cry was, " There's a Dugdale—kill him;" it was alleged that a relation of one of the candidates—the Rev. T.B. Heming, a ma gistrate and a clergyman, was often seen give the mob signals for attack. The riot and violence rose to such an extent that the Riot Act was read by Mr. Inge,a respectable magistrate for the county, and ulti mately the military were called in to clear the streets. He should distinctly prove that the pri soners, with others who had since absconded, were amongst the most active of the rioters; and that the town, during almost the whole of the day, was in a state of the most outrageous and disgraceful disturbance. The Learned Counsel was proceed ing to make some strong observations upon the evidence which would be brought forward on the part of the prosecution, when he was interrupted by Mr. Hill, who protested against an " inflArrima tory electioneering speech, when the prisoners were on their trial for a capital offence." After evidence had been called for the prosecu tion, to support the above allegations, and on the part of the defence to rebut it, The Learned Judge summed up, leaving for the consideratiop of the jury whether or not there was any riotous and tumultuous assembly ; whether it continued for more than one hour after the reading of the Riot Act; whether both or either of the pri soners were engaged in the riot; and lastly, whe ther there was such a reading of the Act as came within the meaning of the statute. Having concluded, The jury, without leaving the box, found both the prisoners Not Guilty The trial lasted from eleven in the morning until eleven at night. Against Betteridge, who is a noted pugilist, and has been the leader of the fighting mobs at the several elections at Coventry, Borough of Warwick, and North Warwickshire, there are five other in dictments for common riot and assault. He was to take his trial yesterday (Monday). GALWAY ASSIZES, APRIL 3. REX V. THE HON. F. CAVENDISLI. The Hon. F. Cavendish was arraigned upon three bills of indictment, for so many libels published by him in the Castlebar Telegraph of January 30, 1833. The first was for a libel on the Marquis of Sligo, Lord-Lieutenant of Mayo; the second for a libel on the police ; and the third for a libel on the Magistracy of Mayo. The first indictment was that on the Magistracy. Mr. FRENCH stated the case for the Crown. The object of having the case tried in Galway was to give Mr. Cavendish an impartial trial. Had he been tried in Mayo, where the Browne interest may be said or supposed to predominate, it might be stated that the Crown intended to oppress the prisoner. If ever any individuals were libelled, the jury could scarcely have a doubt that those were the Magistrates of the county of Mayo. They were charged with having entertained themselves with doing no less than shooting the peasantry. " If there be not something done (says Mr. Cavendish) to prevent this pastime, the population of Ire land will soon be thin enough, without the inter vention of emigration, or sending them to Van ll:emen's Land." There were several other passages to the same effect, all tending to bring the Magis tracy into con'empt and abhorrence. He would not trouble the jury with any other observations, but proceed at once with the proofs of proprietorship and publication. Charles Vernon, register of newspapers in the Stamp-office, gave the usual proof of registry and publication. John Lynch, chief constable of police—Lives in Oranmore ; subscribes to the .Mayo Constitution, and was a subscriber to the Mayo Telegraph in January. The remainder of the witness's testimony went to prove that he received and read the al leged libel in the usual way. Cross-examined by Mr. FITZGIBBON—Has been a sutscriber for about three months to the Mayo Constitution; par►ly approves of the principles of that paper; subscribed two years to the Telegraph; approved of the principles of the Telegraph ; toasted it; will not swear that he drank confusion to its enemies; it was not to make him a disinterested witness on this trial that he gave up the Tele graph; was frequently at the liGuse of Mr. Caven dish ; was intimate with him, but ceased to be so since the publication of the present libel; it was not with a view to his being appointed a stipendiary magistrate that he gave up the Telegraph and took in the Constitution. The case for the prosecution here closed. The Hon. F. CAVENDISH rose, and addressed the jury for about three hours, and with great ability. After some short deliberation they found a ver dict of Guilty, but recommended the traverser to the consideration of the Court. SWINDLING BY A PRETENDED CLERGYMAN. The Rev. Mr. Fortescue, whose works and fame are sufficiently notorious in the western districts, was frequently in the habit, it appears, of writing to wine-merchants, imposing upon them some very plausible story of his having dined a day or two before with my Lord Such-a-one, and relishing the wine from his vaults very much (which, by-the-by, we believe, was very much like the treat in the " Arabian Nights,") requesting them to send him a bottle or two of various sorts, as samples, stating that if he approved of them, he would order a quantity, and at the same time remit the amount. His address was sometimes the " Rev. J. M. For tescue, Kentchurch Rectory, by Hereford ;" at others, " Captain Fortescue," " Mr. A. M. Mantell," and " Mr. Smith." The wines disappeared, but the o ld , needful, it may be anticipated, never tee-nort Some time ago, he quartered himself in i' elvr os. (Monmouthshire), where he excited the • f , ths t 1 picion of the Postmaster, who observed 1 the the Reverend Gentleman's letter -bag, allot letters were sealed with different crests. fielifrsta succeed in carrying off a great deal of , P°' yr that town, as he very so on afterward s left. `I• pears that, in the same week (the one immedietwod lowing the Bristol riots), an exceedinglYl4, weighty chest, directed " J. M. Fortescue, yk on the or was taken to Mr. Swift's warehou se n at Bristol, pretending to be the property d P f f' ° o tleman residing at Clifton, and brought to Sete rek R warehouse for safety. In Jan. last, orders ceived to convey the chest to Monmouth,villeoll t s o lt ‘ o v u n l , d o r f e t m h e ai n n a m i n is now in the warehouse of Mr. Swift. Onlb!„,,il of January Mr. Fortescue called at Mr. e ye Monmouth, inquired about the property, le 04 name Captain Fortescue, and directed thstrote On the same day he went to a pawnbroker ill _.l, e o M f o W nm oa o r t e lt , li an n ti til box, purporting to be gold, two silver forlo, sot, silver spoon, all for 41., in the name of Smith- 010 morning after, Woare having some milLvingswellt the box being really gold, took it to Mr. lhar‘ of , watchmaker, who declared it to be m erely gil t io Mr. Thackwell advised Woare to go in inlni AleS search of Mr. Smith. Woare soon after loon - d a at the Angel Inn, on the point of leaving the ts o in a tour-wheel carriage with a grey horse, wh e n el returned 21. of the money which had been thole on the pledged articles, but at the sam e , t r - gO l ,. declared the box to have been bought fort bet° We know Mr. Smith and Capt. Fortescue to .oe hi they, o bt, same, i‘ir by the description given of him St further ° the be 0° dos g' Swift and Mr. Woare. . There can , 1 . but that plate of some value (by its weigutil4t, pledged a e: i 'i 0 t a a f ined in the case or cases. Whether the c °ll oo these cases are property stolen during the e , it or whether they were stolen on any PLI-deiv occasion, is matter of uncertainty, but P -- stolen .B P o r l o y p e e n r , t s y t h h o e u re se ca: v i a b s e b h u ig t h l i i y ttle su q .. n r est A i 7::: manner mr in which lie became an inmate of the so ° gn ioiotla be curious. It appears that he advertise. A no ie Merlin as " Wanting to reside with a retito.s" it!, family, a gentleman of literary 'pursuits, °` e : se° The Rev. Mr. B. answered the ailvertiseif;' hill eventually„•itha desired Mr. Fortescue to al tihs t i lr , 11 ' to a reference. This he did by directing hen soe gentleman at Cheltenham, whom io 0 1 but whose residence or name could n ot b o d p h a e l a . e r i d , t l o y f covered ba by several of Mr. B.'s friends, w h .„ 0 0 0 to make inquiries. tog swindl requested lullingt o physiciani i a v eetr been el s e:a u :l teirbmlsrscuade suspicious a u ori dtc e rhei t .anos i a t bibu, l x y i ostwsum,ag,h;paca &c.,p v es, ik e exi alsa r.ap:naa:ocaNcettekubionseaotgritflivayi nif r rhtgs e yeiu f si e fe: r few e ore e n torab l be e ,ie fr f e o riw e d,o r s i i: went to Mr. Bowen's, and b his gent ) etrane. sr Pli Just e'" i " before s. we went to press, portment, agreeable compa yby his Of anec d° ,l l- e il / Y , that eveFortescueevening, had committed suicide, on 1 : t bro i ' He was in Gloucester gaol, by cutting h' s e 0: a re as committed for trial on several chsArg;eti: number of the most respectable trauo%gair at him Cheltenham ff were to appear to give evi dence 1 . ereford Times of Saturday. we Jearilt,bor LONDON MARKETS, fc4 ; ° F The highest price of PRICE Bread O in the BREAD. Metror--"Tto10 t% fib. Loaf. There are others who sell from 34u that price. PRICE OF SEEDS.--Ae l 8' 00 e 6 0 t I - --- -- -- ----- 405• 56 ' iinv A. i gt New English Red Clover Seed (per Cwt.) ...... _.653. t o Old Ditt o Ditto ...----......-........ ^'s A, fi1 , ',...5. A ....6. .u" 611 , r New Foreign Ditto ............-..------- , ........ 5. 50 ,. _ c o. t o Old Ditto . .-........... sos. 6 0 s . Ir ne ...s. New White Clover — - ...-s. 5 ( S . ' fine 0. ) Old Ditto Ditto _ o p A 30s. An c. l 0 New Trefoil -......,.......- •s_ g. ~!'" 9441 it --, .."'" -. ...m ~ 0- , 3ld Ditto •,' - 006. -- f ie P I O Rib Grass --..-...—. lss. - Os. an s., F En or g e l i i g sh n D C i a t r t r o aw . ay . 5ee....,..„- - ...,,...........: .....s : ... 1 125 ,. r 0 5 e ...4.; ? Coriander .---------- ' 7: 5 ; 485. gee 90') St. Foin (per Quarter)............. ....5. ne_t "1., Rye Grass Pacey Ditto ..... 4 5 . 5 ... s . SOP Linseed, for feeding .-.....,". 45 ,. 2s. ,• 0,1 Ditto, for crushing _ ..... .....s. sbi op Canary Seed, New — ..-8. ~-*. ...4 """'", one) !'itto Old ••••••••••••••wwwwwwww............ ...S• g B'. e ''' f O O O, White Mustard Seed ---(per 8u5he1)...... ---• is. 2 , 0 fip• o p Brown Ditto.. --.• "" 6 ' .... s , 185. „pe e Turnip Seeds, Rounds ....5. iss. D J. - --* --s. „, 1 Green and Red Ditto , -'• ---4 s. u" Pi Tares, Old ---... .....s. L . noe 0, • , Ditto New.... _..... •-. 4 . '''. gore' --. P r Ra,,eSeed, P Kent Pockets ?RICE'S OF 61, Os. 71 ' to Sussex Ditto Wssex I)itto O/. " 1 54 0 01. O. o to FAinliam Ditto. Fine Ol. Os. 11 1 . u p tei; / . 4 ( 0 Seconds 01. Os. 1.-• - cs to HOPS.—.Apri l t o 61. les. 01 . to -.........—. 0/. Os. a to - 01. Os ;nglisl ine (per Kent Bags..., Sussex Ditto Essex Ditto,. $ 54 ., PRICE OF OIL. e d ro' r Rape Oil, brown 324 Os. Linseed Oil Linseed Oil Cake at the:tlL± ,.... Cr . t .. Lio= ,, i d ... Rape Cake, per ton." . - - A ---7 1„ 8 . PRICE OF POTATOES. —A - r i ll 09100. Kidneys (Y0rk).................... 31. 10s. to 46. „.. !,,, Scotch Reds 2l. 15$. to 3 1 . 'i,. to; Marsh Champions 3l. 10s. to 41 * 00.0 Oxnobles and Shaws .................. 2/. 10s. to i , " ~.a i Bm,, WHITECHAPEL H Y 51 A RKE.l;ri: over "ad. Od. to 0at..., LEATHER. ,„ Per Vow 0 English H0r5 e !.... 0 " . 1 1/ Spanish 1) it d o s e I P 0 1. 0 0 r e r d 4 0 Calf Skint.. S° WM' Ditto „t o 130 1D '0 II Ditto ,„ 0 0 SlTail Sea g _ Large ditto SHEEP SKINS. °O. PRICES 0 Per lb. d. to d. Butts, English 15 23 Ditto, Foreign,. 14 20 Dressing Hides 12 15 Ditto —l4 16j Ditto, light trop tildes, light.,... 12 14 Ditto 4U to 451 b. 13 16 Oitto ......... 15 18 Middling Polled 5 0 t op, o i l ', SOAP, Sc Soap Yellow n t 7 1 0 / Whit Graves .••••••••:"":„;,., Good Dregs 7 0 PRICE OF TALLOV Town Tallow 51s. 6d. Yellow Russia 475. Od. White 4ss. 6d. Soap Ditto 445. Od. Hefted 375. Od. Ditto Rough 2ls. Od. per Tallow Nene PRICE OF RAW l'rice of Tallow (as stated by thi PRICE OF CANDLES' is afif ° 2i' The price of Store Candles, in the retail shops , o gen Candles, per doz. 7s. Od. to Bs. Od. I Moulds , P er COAL MARKET.--Apr d e r .. „0 , 0 Per Ton, s. d. f 4,40° 1 / tt Adair's 18 0 Walls End . ~r t h ▪ p Chester Main 16 6 Ditto Dean's Primrose 17 0 Walls End ' e u lber k- CD . East 17 0 Ditto Northtl4o X../ Felling 16 6 Walls End g5de11 1 ,, , Hebburn Main 18 0 Walls End, Vg . , 111. Elolywell 17 0 Walls En." Kenton West 18 0 Eden Main i .,";tton Ord's Redhugh 15 6 Walls End Ol l'ontop Windsor 17 6 Walls End K'oton to g; . l9 0 Wails En d 71's g et 's ,/ 0 Townley ..... 17 0 W•- F%• Ildtssfos /nol o " West Hartley 18 6 Ditto Russe . te war,t e ,,e , Willington 18 9 Walls On; dean'," Wylam . 17 3 Walls End t o rdon„ Walls End Bell & Brown 19 0 Walls End t0 tt0"_,,,... Ditto Bell, Robson, & Co. 18 0 Walls End, ;i c es Walls End Boundary 17 0 Walls En" • 9 Walls End 17 6 Hartley ••••^' — coslrtOP meeh tOn e Od Ditto Burraton 18 0 Llanget re Walls End Callerton 17 0 Llangenn ec i Jain''' Duo Clarke and Co.—. 17 0 Stone coa Walls End Gosforth 20 9 AubreY,,,,ellY,"''' Walls End Heat0n......... 21 0 Warde's 69. Walls End Hilda ---- l 8 0 1 Ships arrived since last arket-daY. On the Ist inst., the lady of T. W. Chev a ,rof BIRTHS. ton-square, of a daughter. ,1 Of r the lady On the 6th inst., at Chudleigh, Devon, T. E. Flint, of a daughter. IV III. Surrey , , , On the sth inst., at Clapham-common, ot 1 Anderson, of a son.l Esq. , a faaY On the 2d inst., the lady of Alfred Beße , the On the tith inst., at Enmskerry, near Pub Childers, of a son. fit lel if DIED. g r . CIO / On the 30th ult., Charles Murray, son of _ et , 40 aged 5 months. b Anne, rll / On the 3d inst., in asi.pbce, Lambet; , „ e 0/ Harvey, Esq., late of the Custom -house, geus;eathld4 i On the 7th inst., at his residencaeWarce, .l Halting, Esq., of the firm of H thing, ' _nap,- Cockspur-street. -row , ' 14.- On the 7th inst., at his residence, Mount lo ci/ George Thomas Baxter, aged 37. Isle of Wight, On the 4th inst., suddenly, at Ryde, cl' wife of C. S. Crawley, Esq., Croydon. _ _ r _ in it!‘ 0 4 0 i On the 29th ult., at Bordeaux, tse. tier, c'sce: • sardil l° , o r daughter of Edwards Southard, Esq., his 1 0 Consul-General at Bordeaux, aged It s . ._ d cont., On the 7th inst., Ja ne, wife of Mr. Alfred terrace, Regent's-park, aged 2.5. a-It INTFP AND PUBLISHED BY MU RDO yov S UN OFFICE, 112, STRAND, 1400°14 1 10 r b th at - G°VEI T~ CI th eex W e \‘7 " : to th e fihd • NI) bi t r 4 t -4 , 1 ta r , uitte