The Sun. — London, England, 1830-08-02 00:00:00

Snarl' OF TIM PUBLIC JOURNALS, The state of France up to the date of the last departures may be summed up in a few words. The tri-coloured flag is flying on the Royal Palace of the Tuileriesl the King's Guards have been beaten by the populace of Paris, and driven beyond the pre cincts of the city ; the National Guard is organized for the protection of the metropolis, and a Provi sional Government is formed, consisting, among others, of Lafayette, !Atte, Casimir Perrier, Gen. Gerard, and the Marquis de Choiseul!. Immense carnage has taken place, the King's troops having fired grape-shot among the multitude in the streets The people, however, have succeeded in driving away their aggressors, and two regiments o f th e line have adopted the popular cause. For the moment a sullen tranquillity prevails : the storm, however, will doubtless burst forth again, and most probably to' the destructi on o f t h e King and his Ministers, whose inconceivable madness has raised it : but, whatever may be the termi nation of this dreadful struggle now carrying on in France, and of which o ur p a p er o f to -d ay can describe but a part of the frightful particulars, it is certain that Charles does not merit the sympathy even of surrounding Sovereign.. He has now been long enough resident in France, and ought to have known the feelings of his subjects, and consequently respected their rights. He has plunged the country into confusion and misery, which with prudence he might have ruled in peace. There never was a case in which civil wrong and political injustice were so soon followed by blows. The people usually suffer long; but in the present instance, they were ready to repel the first clear aggression at the hazard of their lives; and if not from principle and virtuous patriotism, yet from mere aversion to bloody strife, he should have abstained from provoking them. But an overweening pride, an insolence which misfortune cannot check, urged him on: and his Ministers appear to us to be yet more criminal. Other Sovereigns would not mix their cause with that of the King of Preece : they would not take him for the representative of their rights. Rights! as it a King could have any rights differing from those of an ordinary man, except for the benefit of the people I If we were to express our wish, we should say that we hoped the conflict would be soon terminated, and the offender dis missed for ever; but there are, from selfishness, many adherents to the trappings of a monarchy-- there may be, from prejudice, also some new friends remaining to the family of the Bourbons, or some partizans to despotism in one person, from the dread of the opposite extreme, of the tyranny of the many, and a part of the military for pay. All these, per haps, prolong resistance; but we cannot persuade ourselves that the cause of the people will not ultimately triumph. Would they may kno w h ow to use their liberty when they obtain it What a contrast does the conduct of our own gracious Sove reign exhibit to that of the King of France ! William IV. glories in being the chief of a free people : he expresses a cordial sympathy with their enthusiastic attachment to their rights, and avows at once that it is his pleasure and his duty to co operate in their preservation. Charles X. violates Ins oath of office, tramples on the Charter which it was his sacred duty to maintain, and justifies his breach of honour and of the laws by an appeal to the artillery and the sword : he destroys the liberties, and then the lives of his subjects. We confess that till the actual facts displayed themselves before ye, we, with we trust a pardonable incredulity, did not conceive it possible that any human beings could be guilty of such infatuated, such wanton, violations of the laws and constitution, as have been perpetrated by Charles and his Ministers. One glance at the present state of England might have convinced even the most obstinate folly how immense is the superiority of the patriot King over even the most powerful despot. One point admits no dispute : surrounding Governments will take no part in the troubles of France, as it is clear they have taken none. No; the King of France may claim all the merit of the mischief to himself and his Ministers. No human creature out of France speaks of their conduct ex cept in terms of indignation and aversion; but other nations still cannot fail of being affected by the dis orders of that country. Burke, in one of his tirades against the French revolution, had the insolence to say, that France should be blotted out of the map of civilised Europe. Heaven forbid ! It would be the greatest evil that could happen to Europe, if it were possible. But while France is even in an unsettled state, all other nations must suffer In their civil ant ..... commercial relations. All other nations, therefore, have a right to feel that Charles X. is their enemy. The intelligence from France becomes •very ma silent possessed of deeper interest. Much blood has been shed in the various engagements between the Parisi►►ns and the Royal forces, hut the people have so far succeeded that they have driven their opponents out of Paris, and are in possession of the barriers. The accounts of the extent of the carnage vary ; but as there was almost continual fighting the greater part of Wednesday and all Thursday, many lives must have been lost. We have elsewhere given the accounts of our Evening Contemporaries of Saturday and in the Sunday Papers. The following extracts from the Hamp shire Tekgraph, bearing date this day, give some valuable information received on Saturday night at Portsmouth, by the Camilla steamer, from Havre, Captain border, especially with regard to the state of things in the great towns of Rouen and Havre This evening (says the Telegraph) we get further information by the Camilla steamer, Captain Porder, from Havre, the passengers of which repeat the following :—The late Royal Ordonnances had given rise to the meet violent ebullition of popular feeling, and had been attended with a most lamentable sacrifice of life, from ten to twelve thousand persona having been killed in the various and unmeaning eneounterd which had taken place. The Hotel tie Ville at Paris had been a scene of the most violent conten• dons, halting been taken and retaken sixtirnes,;d was on Thursday night in possession of the Liberals, A Proviiional Govt inmeni had been formed, wid!, together with the National Guard, was headed and commanded by La Fayette. _Constant skirmishes were taking place, attended with considerable blood. shed. The Marshal Marmont bad been killed. It .... was reported that the Duke d'Angouleme bad • been asmssisated. The King bad tied to Lisle, and his Ministry ware entirely dispersed. The Tui remained in possession of the Royal Guards. The Royal Guards were ordered to proceed with the greatest promptitude from Ilentleur to Paris. Con siderable ferment had been excited at Havre, and some blood spilt. The Naval Arsenal had been broken into, and the arms and ammunition seised • by the populace. All was alarm, and the mot fear ful Collittpelleell were apprehended. In addition to the above, we hive received the Journal du Havre, from whicll the following are extracts:— " 11AVAX, JULY SO.—The public carriages cannot have the barriers of Paris without extreme trouble, and encountering a thousand dangers. The prate are occu pied by the National Guard. An extraordinary tolirier arrived this night, with a letter, announcing that eight thotisised men have perished in the diffrrait engagements, and that the gendarme* of Paris have been massacred. The Revd Guards hare shut themselves up in the Tuile ries andleis Royal. The Peer* are assembling to praride fur the tarty of the State. l'ouen is in the greatest "4"."; brit all the Mhabitants are united and strong. The National Good, armed mid provided with car tridifsts are drawn up in the place St. Owen, with the Colonel at th e i r h ead. To-_ley that city superabounds with armed mon. A deputation of two eminent citizens Las proeseded to Paris, to offer su cc o ur to the immortal Permian Guard, from the pitopis of Itauen. 0 Roux Ss JULY 29, —At seven n'elock yeaterday morn leg the tocsin was eoundeil in Patio.. The people irn mediate', went forth bully armed, hearin g -pike, and St The Natioual Guard also appeared., ThePle repaired to the liferche this 'ammonia Rue it Vono re. Ths Gendarmes were put tallith*, and tour at them we ,„ h ung . Th e National Guard was then beaded by tion e w Gerard, who led them toward. the Plate de Csrsve they took possession of the Hotel de Ville, from whictl marnwar y with the Royal Guerd, obliged them to mire. The former, however, retook it after a sanguinary conflict. A person We moment arrived here speaks positively of a Provision' Government having been established ; Casi-' noir Peeler and Lafayette are named. The Hospital des Invalidea is taken by the people, and the barriers are in their possession. The National Guard, in knots of 60 or 60, parade through the city. Engagements continually take place between it and the Royal Guard. The former occupies the Bank ; the Swiss are intrenched in the Tui!leries ; the Royal Guards are ranged on the Boule vards. Two regiments of the Line are said to have re fused to fire on the people. It is not known in Paris where the King or his Ministers are. " The passage boat brought few passengers, as it was understood, that however anxious the English were to get away from Paris and the departments, they could obtain no passports, and could not travel without." The accounts gleaned from the passengers from Havre must be received with considerable allowance. According to them Marmont has been killed and the Duke d'Angouleme assassinated. Of course all sorts of rumours must be in circulation, and these, probably, are mere rumours. The most valuable part of the above information is the account of the Naval Arsenal, at Havre, having been broken into by the people, who seized the arms and ammunition, and the extract from the Journal du Havre, con taining a detailed statement of what had taken place at Rouen. It would appear that the inhabitants of that populous and influential city are well armed, and that they have offered succour to the Parisian National Guard. The organization in Rouen seems to be perfect. Hitherto success seems to smile on the defenders of the laws. The French have con ducted themselves on this occasion in a most heroic manner. Indeed no nation in Europe seems to possess in an equal degree with the French the readiness to perceive what the moment demands, and the spirit to give effect to their purposes. They appear in emergencies to be inspired by one soul, as it were. This promptitude in resolution and action disposes them more, perhaps, for coup: de: main, than for the patient endurance of the English and Russians under discipline. Hence it has been ob served, that the Frenchman is too apt to anticipate his orders. The French are therefore inferior to the English as regular soldiers. But in a crisis like the present, promptitude is everything. Nations possessed rather of passive than active cou rage, from the unwillingness of individuals to take on themselves the responsibility of any thing hazardous, are often trampled on by handfuls of men. No man acts, because what is every one's business is no one's business. The movement of the French, however, seems as if electrical. Had they been less prompt in their measures, and allowed the old tiger, as they call Charles the Tenth, to proceed a little further, who knows if the oppor tunity for resisting with effect might not have passed. But now the nation seems completely armed. The organization of the National Guard alone is of immense consequence. The unanimity of the French, and their promptitude, will in all probability decide the conduct of the neighbouring Governments, if they were before wavering, with respect to making common cause with Charles. A nation in arms is not to be rashly interfered with. There is, naturally enough, a strong suspicion of the great Monarchical Governments, not only on account of the part acted by theta during the Peninsular and Italian Revolutions, but from the difficulty in believing that the . King would hazard so very revolu tionary a measure as trampling on the Constitution and annulling the elective franchise without a promise of support. We by no means give credit to the tithe of what is confidently repeated on this sub ject, though we fear it is but too true that there is something like an insurance of each other among the Kings of Europe, and few acts of Governments of any moment are to be considered as isolated. How ever, the character of Charles the Tenth would lead him to act upon very slight expectations of support. Those who knew him while he lived among us in this country, pronounce him a resolute determined man, who, having once made up his mind to a course, will not easily be driven from it. His intel lectual powers are by no means of a high order ; as may be inferred from his being a tool in the bands of the Priesthood (arid in France a mere politician would not affect piety, for it is there a passport to contempt); but he is brave, even to recklessness; and as far as depends on him, we may count on no reluctance to pour out blood like water. This cha racter of the Monarch is correctly estimated in an able article in the Examiner of yesterday, evidently the production of one well acquainted with the state of France:— " The obstinacy and bigotry (says our contemporary) of the Monarch himself are well known, and will assuredly be restrained only by the absolute want of supporters. In his eyes, the exertion of force to put down the Chamber must appear a measure of dignity, of self•defence, and even of religious obligation. The latter sentiment, especially, subjugates him with a force greater than that which the Jesuit Letellier exercised over the last years of Louis XIV., and better suited to Madrid than to Paris. Even in the worst years of him distress and exile, he is known to have declared that he never would accept the sceptre on any other terms than those on which it had been held by his ancestors ; and this persuasion of his own right, so ancient and so indelible, is still farther nourished by the fictitious respect and adulation which the Opposition Press inces santly lavish upon his person, even when they are denounc ing most unsparingly his Ministry and his measures--a miserable hypocrisy, forced upon the Press by the cruelty of the Judges wherever the Royal person is ever so slightly breathed upon, and working banefully in many ways. It has broken all the sincerity and straightforwardness of the patriotic reasonings :—it has degraded them in the eyes of the general public, by enabling the Gazette and the Quotidienne to substantiate against them charges of gross inconsistency ; and it was sure to be so interpreted by the advisers of the Monarch, as to keep his mind in perpetual illusion as to his own credit, and to make him persist to the uttermost in his projects of violence." Our contemporary adds, that "as to the Revolu tionary violence on the part of the Monarch, it can only end in his own ruin." We trust that the day of his destruction is near at band. We cordially subscribe to the doctrine so eloquently expressed by Mr. Brougham at Sheffield, that the Minister who could giv; such council as be has acted on, " de serves that his head should be severed from his body and rolled in the dust." " But what should be done to the frantic tyrant himself, who (in the lan guage of Mr. Brougham) briit upon mischief, and guided by an ignorant and besotted priesthood, led on by the most despicable advisers, forgetful or the 'obligation he owes to his people, forgetful of th e duty he owes to that Providence which restored him to his throne, has, in the face of that Providence, and in defiance of that people, declared that he will tremple on the liberties at his country, and rule thirty millions of people by the sword ?" The Priests are the Counsellors, the Ministers are but the tools. 13F►se tools they ire, no doubt, end ian- guinary us their employer; but they are not the only guilty. Well is it observed by the Examiner, that " the morals of Algiers became him as much as its conquest. lie tuki; whut he wants—a knave who acts thus lawlessly on the impulse of his desires, is called a thief; a King absolute. When man rubs man o►f his property, society perceives no cruelty in the gibbet ; when man robs men, robs millions—of the securities for their ftroperty,why does humanity shrink from retribution ? The fate of Charles has been wept, and another of the name, another martyr, in the .Sense of tyranny, may yet appeal to the compassion of mankind, and prove how narrow are the regards of pity, how alive to the sympathy of the individual, and blunt to the consideration of the wrongs of millions that may have provoked them." However justice, we doubt not, will overtake all the guilty. The fiction that Kings can do no wrong may answer well enough where the law is in force ; but to punish only instruments in countries in which a King has trampled on all law, would only be to tempt Kings to crime by impunity. Had the Spanish Liberals brought Ferdinand to the block for his (limos, the lives of many gallant men would have been saved, and many more would have been freed from the necessity of passing their lives in dreary exile. Fortunately for the good cause in yranee the resistance has been first organized in the r .N te o l t i e and Populous, anti intellectual provinces of the the ptoyitictil il :ample will decide the wavering in less forward state. The strength of France has always been . in the North and East. The disappearance of 400 Spaniards, too, at this time, is an accident not to be overlooked. The people of the Peninsula have not forgotten the events which deprived them of their well-founded expectations. We have no doubt that the Spanish patriots have long had their eyes on France, and if that country deprived them of their liberties, its example may now aid them in regaining them..-- Morning Chronicle. At a late hour last night we received, by our ex traordinary express from Paris, the Moniteur bear ing the date of the 29th and 30th July, the Temps, Journal der Debats, and France Nouvelle of the 29th, with the Messager des Chambres (evening edition) of the 30th. Their contents are of the very highest importance, and supersede the neces sity, or, more correctly speaking, relieve us from the irksome task,, of republishing the various ver sions on the affairs of that capital that have ap peared since our last —some of them evidently fa bricated for stock-jobbing purposes, others loosely collected, and all of them bearing the stamp of exaggeration. It will be seen, in the first place, that a Provisional Government has been organized, consisting of eight members, all of them holding a very high, if not the very highest place, in the esti mation of their countrymen, for civil or military virtues—some of them for both, as General Ge rard and Count Labau (General Druet). The Afoniteur, in conformity to the rule it has followed for the last forty years—that of belonging to the stronger party—is become the organ of the Pro visional Government ; and we particularly notice this fact, because it speaks volumes to those who are acquainted with the march of French affairs. Before the decisive step of appointing a Provisional Government took place, various incidents of the deepest, most agitating, and, we may add, unpa ralleled interest, had taken place. The population of the capital had risen to a man, animated by a heroic zeal which, if ever equalled, was never sur passed. On Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, it was a scene of carnage, sometimes the armed people prevailing, sometimes the King's troops; but on the last of these days the former were mas ters of the city, having been previously joined by several regiments of the line, and having compelled the Swiss Guard that defended the Tuileries and Louvre to surrender. In the mean time the Depu ties who had arrived in Paris assembled, and issued a declaration, with all their names affixed to this solemn document. Also a deputation, with M. Lafitte, brother-iri.law of Aliment at their head, had a conference with the Marshal, who is Gene ralissimo of the King's troops, near one of the barriers; and the details of this conference, which will be found amongst our extracts, show the great moderation by which the leaders of the pos pular party were still animated. They proposed only the repeal of the obnoxious Ordinances, toge ther with the dismissal of the obnoxious Ministers; and will it be believed that they were not only re jected, but contumeliously rejected ? When Mar mont, who consented to become the bearer of these proposals, returned with the answer of the King, M. Lefitte exclaimed " Then the civil war is begun !" From this moment all idea of compro mise seems to have been abandoned by the popular party : the tri-coloured flag was hoisted on the Tuileries; the ensigns of the King were every where pulled down or defaced; whilst a new im pulse was given to the popular enthusiasm. It is stated by the Messager des Cbanibres that the Crown has been offered to the Duke of Orleans; and, if another on dit of the same Paper be correct, it is more th an pro b a bl e that the offer has not been refused, as, according to the last on (lit, the Duke of Chartres, his son, and one of the most popular young men in France, has gone over with his regiment to the Constitutional party. In the mean time, a letter, which accompanies the Ex press, says that the fighting was renewed on Friday with more obstinacy and carnage than had distin guished any former engagement of which that heroic city had been the theatre since the commence ment of these troubles; that the King's troops were at last repulsed at all points; and it significantly adds that, if 100,000 men were to renew the attack, they would be repulsed, such was the invincible courage of the inhabitants. We shall add only one remark to what we have stated, that, from the ob stinate rejection of all terms of accommodation by the King, we can only come to the conclusion, that his reason has totally deserted him, or that he is acting under foreign influence; and we cannot con clude without expressing a hope that our own Ca binet (if such influence prevail) is not mixed up with it, either directly or indirectly; for we should say, wo to the English Minister whose name should be found connected with so black en intrigue I—an intrigue as dangerous to England in its remote, as to France in its immediate, results.-11forn. Herald. The latest accounts state that the Provisional Government was still sitting, and it was supposed some negotiations were on the tapir. In the mean time it was reported that the King had offered to abdicate the throne in favour of his grandson, the Duke de Bourdeaux. As soon as Marshal Mars merit (the Duke of Ragusa) found himself com pelled to retreat with the regular troops beyond the barriers, he ordered hostilities to cease, it being his intention to starve the city into a surrender. The Tuilleries were destroyed by the National Guards. The Ministers had effected their escape by a sub terraneous passage. The trees of the Boulevards, as has been already stated, were all torn up by the people, and laid across the streets, which are filled with masses of the slain ;—the city, in short, is hal destroyed.—Morning Post. DAVID, KING or ISRAEL.--DAVID was the model of an Oriental Prince, handsome in his person, valiant, mild, just, and generous, humble before his Goo, anti zealous in his honour, a lover of music and poetry, himself a poet. Successful in war, he reduced beneath his sceptre all the countries from the borders of Egypt to the mountains whence the Euphrates springs. The King of Tray was his ally; he had ports on the Red Sea, and the wealth of conunerce flowed during his reign into Israel..._. Ile fortified and adorned Jerusalem, which he made the seat of government. Glorious prospects of extended empire, and of the diffusion of the pure religion of Israel, and of happy times, floated before the mind of the Prophet ic/No.-1)r. Lardner'• Cabinet Cyclopedia, Vol. IX , ; being Outlines of History. REVIVAL or CxVILIZATION.—GraduaIIy the night was seen to pass away ; Monarchs began to extend their power, and to perceive that it was their true interest to protect the people against the tyranny of the Noble., and to bring these last under obedience ; the church used her extensive power for the same purpose; the people gradually acquired w ea lth ; t h eir towns were secured by charter, and immunities granted by the crown or a feudal Lord, and where the crown was feeble, volun tary associations secured them from the rapacity of the Nobles. The latter acquired a reliah for luxury ; to obtain money they alienated or let their lands and soon felt that they had transformed their obedient reta i ners into sturdy independent y e om en and citizens. The lamp of learning was relumed ; the study of the scholastic theology and phi losophy, and of the Roman law, sharpened men's intellects ; travels into the East enlarged their knowledge of the earth ; the use of the mariner's compass emboldened their naviga tion ; gunpowder changed the face of war ; paper, and at length the art of printing, gave a more rapid diffusion to knowledge; the taking of Conetantinuple scattered the learning of the Creeks over the West; echoed* end univer sities were numerous; men were become eager for know ledge; classical learning was in Italy cultivated with ardour, and a strong feeling of admiration for the institu. tiona and philosophy of antiquity excited ; thediscourses and writings of Wtocurrit, Huss, and their disciples, awakened beyond the Alps attention to the important topics of religion ; the discovery of India and the new world filled men's minds with vague aspirations after ad venture, conquest, wealth, and knowledge. A universal fermentation was going on. Such was the state of the European mind at the commencement of modern history. and ready to t urn The political condition of E urope was chiefly that of ex tensivetetheir e n h t l ir o o n a fi r ) c r ts?s, againstinternally e a r i a o nt i l cabinet Cyclopitdia, Vol. IX, ; bo . t lirdne r 's na Outlines ql history. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. FRENCH PAPERS. (From the Journal de Gand.) GHENT, JULY 30.—The horizon is becoming every moment more obscure, and French blood has already flowed. The two parties have taken up arms, and neither appears disposed to yield. On one hand we are informed that all the manufactories and workshops being shut up, an immense number of people formed a disposable force, which joined the National Guard. That corps, though long ago dis banded, was instantly reconstituted, and perhaps to it the re-establishment of public tranquillity will be owing. The most popular man of France, M.:de Chateau. briand, has addressed a proclamation to the people. The Chamber of Peers having spontaneously assail bled, resolved, it is said, to make representations to the Monarch, and to protest against the illegal mea sures which had been adopted. On the other hand, the ultra-Royalist cause, de fended by the Drapeau Blanc, boldly proclaims that the King will finish what he has begun—" Let the revolution," says the Drapeau, borrow the De puty's coat; let the revolution stain the Peer's mantle; let the revolution even disguise itself in scarlet robe:, nothing will astonish us." These words sufficiently prove that the Peers, the Deputies, and the Tribunals, are at the head of public opinion against the present Ministry. The following is the news of the 28th of July, at noon. (Here extracts are given from a second edi tion.of the Ilfessager des Chan:bre:, from which we select the following) : " During yesterday and this forenoon the aspect of Paris has been most disgusting and sinister. " The people have formed barricades at the end of several streets, with hackney-coaches and omni buses. All the lamps were broken yesterday evening. " The people caused all the theatres to be closed. Several guard-houses of the gendarmes were besieged and burnt, especially that of the Place de la Bourse. This morning the people are assembled in still greater numbers, and more exasperated. They are taking away, defacing, or destroying all the Royal ensigns, such as the plates of the notaries, and the arms over the shops of those who have patents from the Court. " All gunsmiths' shops have been broken into, as hare also all shops where flints and gunpowder are sold. " On several points the engagements with mus kets presented dreadful spectacles. The streets are strewed with killed and wounded. gi We do not yet know the number of citizens and troops killed and wounded. The calculations which circulate are very contradictory. " It is still time; the cry of the Charter is the first which is uttered by the hearts of Frenchmen. There is not a man among this immense multitude who is not ready to throw down his arms if the law is restored. Let the Government show itself, hold ing the social compact, and these immense masses, which nothing could restrain nor discourage in the defence of their rights, may yet consent to become peaceable citizens, if the laws, which are the only conditions of peace, are restored to them. Let it be remembered, that in a few hours even repentance will be too late. " We ourselves shall then belong only to the country. Our part, as writers and conciliators, will be ended : only that of martyrs of Prance will re main, and our choice is made. " The following is contained in a letter from Lille : " The news of the troubles in Paris has exasperatep all mind,. A Colonel of Cuirassiers, M—, having expressed in menacing terms his approbation of the measures of the present Ministry, was attacked by the populace, and compelled to take refuge in a g uard-house." A letter dat e d C aen (C a l va d os), July 25, says— " The Infantry Regiment of the Royal Guard, and the detachment of the Horse Grenadiers, who have been about two months in garrison at Caen, have received orders to return the former to Courbevoie, near the capital; and the latter to Versailles, where they are usually quartered. One of these battalions marched yesterday, and will arrive at its destination by the Ist of August. The remainder will be at Courbevoie on the 2d." (From the Courier de Pays Bas.) BRUSSELS, JULY 31.—A letter received this moment from Paris announces that " the popular movement increases in energy. Charles X. aad his family continue shut up is St. Cloud, where im posing forces are concentrated for their protection against the indignation and rage of the public." The Itfettager announces that the King has given audiences to the Bishop of Beauvais and to M. de Villeneuve, Post-Master-General. Accounts received at the English Embassy state that " the National Guard is re-organised; that General Gerard is at its head; that it has occupied the post of the Hotel de Ville; that the peopl e have t a k en t h e b arrac k s o f the R ue de Mouffetard; that the cannon are firing in the streets, which have been unpaved; and that the Chambers have de clared their sittings permanent." It is Marmont who is selected to carry into eze eution the despotic ordinances of the 25th of July. It is well known that he is the meat un popular of all the French Marshals. He is ac counted a traitor on account of the capitulation of Paris, which he signed. It is in reference t o hi s conduct th a t t h e soldiers invented the word reenter, and us the Marshal is a complete bankrupt, the Court no doubt reckons on his zeal. Martignac is arrived at Paris. Deputies arrive from all parts of France and hold meetings. MEXICAN PAPERS. MEXICO, lalell - journals from Liman daily express more inclination to the central system. The position of the Government is very di ffi cult. On the one h an d, i t oug ht no t to permit the scandal of the separation of Yucatan to subsist; on the other hand, the geographical position of that peninsula renders it extremely difficult to reduce it by force of arms. A very strong and expensive maritime expe dition would be necessary. The only ships of war that the Republic possesses are in Yucatan. The troops there are good and well-paid. The Govern ment is military, and there do not appear to be any party differences. However, Yucatan has declared that it continues to be an integral part of the Mexican Republic; the commencement of hostilities might induce the inhabitants to renounce this principle, which may in the sequel lead to an amicable arrange mem, ii the affair is treated with ability and sincerity. Now, there is no doubt of another Spanish expedi tion, and it might therefore be advisable to send our troops thither, anti for the Government, without giving its assent to what has been done in Yucatan, to concert measures with the Chiefs of the Govern ment for the defence of the peninsula against the threatened Spanish invasion. MAT 28.—With the greatest regret we have to announce the ruin of the city of Guatemala, and of the surrounding country, by most dreadful earth quakes for live successive days, and which hail not ceased when the messenger left the city. All the principal edifices were levelled with the ground, and the inhabitants have been obliged to fly to the squares and to the fields, where they have erected huts for their shelter. Yesterday the eonducta set out for Vera Cruz w i t h 800,000 dollars, escorted, as far as Puebla, by the 7th regiment of cavalry. By the care of the Government, that the merchants might avail them selves of the conducta, the carriage was reduced to one-half per cent. If this remission is a proof of the revival of public confidence, it also shows the necessity of protecti ng an d encouraging the national industry, in order to avoid sending such large sums o f money abroad. JUNI% 2.—General Bravo writes from Acapulco, l under date the 28th of M ay, that on the 21st he c ommenced his operations, in conjunction with Col. Ilarboza. Knowing that Alvarez was in ambush with his whole force on the other aide of the river, they attacked and drove him from three adven. NELSON AFTER THE BATTLE OF COPENHAGEN. While Gooch was with Mr. Borrett the at tack upon Copenhagen took place, and on the return of Lord Nelson, the wounded were . placed in the Naval Hospital at Yarmouth. Being ac quainted with some of the young surgeons, Gooch, though then but a boy, was not unfre quently at the hospital. ,‘ I was" (he says in a letter written long afterwards) gt at the Naval Hospital at Yarmouth, on the morning when Nelson, after the battle of Copenhagen, (having sent the wounded before him), arrived at the roads and landed on the jutty. The populace soon surrounded him, and the military were drawn up in the market-place ready to receive him, but making his way through the dust, and the crowd, and the clamour, he went straight to the hospital. I went round the wards with him, and was much interested in observing his de meanour to the sailors : he stopped at every bed, and to every man he had something kind and cheering to say ; at length he stopped oppo site a bed on which a sailor was lying, who had lost his right arm close to the shoulder joint, and the following short dialogue passed between them :--Nelson--.' Well, Jack, what's the matter with you ?' Sailor-..' Lost my right arm, your honour.' Nelson paused, looked down at his own empty sleeve, then at the sailor, and said, playfully, Well, Jack, then you and I are spoiled for fishermen—cheer up, my b rave fel low I' And he passed briskly on to the next bed ; but these few words had a magical effect upon the poor fellow, for I saw his eyes sparkle with delight as Nelson turned away and pursued his course through the wards. --Family Li brary, No. XIV. COUNTRY CORN MARKETS. DURING LAST VIRIE. Wheat. Barley. Oats. Beans. . 0.000 .•••••••••••••••••••• o• Per Quarter. s. to s. s. to s. s. to s. s. to s. Carlisle —.. 71 43 -- 38 Carmarthen...«...... 65 40 —.23 36 Hezham 58 72 33 31 22 29 50 52 64 76 36 38 30 94 38 40 Penrith 63 44 35 —.— Shenield 77 22 27 —. 43 Winchester 67 8J 2 7 34 21 25 42 46 Per Bushel. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. rl. s. d. s. d. s. d. Ld. Coventry 70 10 48 84 36 40 56 60 Newcastle (Staff) 10 6 11 0 00 00 46 49 56 60 Northallerton 70 93 36 46 33 40 50 66 Stafford 90 94 6 9 64 36 40 7! $ 6 Swansea 94 98 46 49 24 26 00 00 Warwlck ...**"." 9O 100 46 50 33 40 73 7 Per 8011. Rarnardcastle........ 186 21 9 90 100 70 08 96 126 Durham 180 206 90 10 6 69 86 100 II 0 Richmond 180 21 0 90 10 6 70 88 11 6 12 0 Stockton lB 6 19 6 80 90 48 76 00 00 WAKEFIELD CORN MARKET.—JuIy 30. WAKEFIELD CORN MARKET.-July 30. The supply of Wheat here from the farmers this morn. ing has been rather larger than for some time past, but the arrival up the river was very small ; the weather be ing exceedingly fine for the growing crops, and the bonded Wheat likely soon to be liberated at a low duty, buyers purchase only for their immediate wants at a decline of 2.. per quarter upon the best samples, and Ss. on general rude : the ordinary and unsweet parcels are unsaleable to.. day, except upon very low terms. Shelling is scarce, and fully as dear, but Oats are dull sale, and barely maintain the rates of last week. Beans are plentiful and heavy sale at still lower prices. Wheat, Red, Norfolk and Su6blk 50s. 61s. to 68s. fine 735. New .695. 655. to 675. fine 72.. - White Old 665 . 681. to 725. fine 775. New 60s. 63.. to Gls. fine 72a. - Foreign, Red 58s. 635. to 70s. fine 755. White 675. to 725. fine 775. Barley, Norfolk and Suffbik W.. to Ws. tine 375. Lincolnshire 3os. to 321. fine 355. - Yorkshire Wold 3os. to 311. fine 35e. --- Foreign -s, to fine Beans, Old ---- New 375. to 40s. fine 42. Oat., Potato 3os. to 325. fine 365. -- Poland 271. 28s. to 295. fine 345. - Friesland and Small 23..255. to Zs. fine &IL --- Waling lsd. to 17d. per Stone. Shelling 40s. to 425. Od. per Load. Malt 42s. 45.. fine 475. pe r L oa d . Rapeseed SCOTCH MARKETS. Wheat. Barlei - Aberdeen ...... Coldstream ... CU par ......... Dundee...— Elgin Inverness.... Kelso ......—... Perth :;} The 'lse 52 70 50 51 50 55 48 82 55 75 56 62 55 60 50 54 60 78 60 76 of the 24 29 25 27 25 28 32 34 33 20 25 30 32 26 27 33 36 21 24 'sunk TM Oats. 22 25 24 27 22 27 22 21 26 28 20 23 24 28 24 27 26 3t2 17 22 lee throurl Beans. ..- .... 33 36 33 35 - 34 !Oatmeal. 35 36 48 so g !I, -; : 24 33 .... _ 30 34 .... ...., 28 34 .... .... lout the country. EDINBURGH CORN MARKET..—JuIy 23. In consequence of the weather having set in fine, oar market to-day was in a very depressed state for all kinds of Grain. Wheat was 6s. clown on the top, and Ss. 4d. per quarter on the last average. What NM sold of other kinds of Grain brought last week's prices, but a consi.. derable quantity of all kinds of Grain remained unsold. Wheat. Barley. Oats. Beano. First 7 41 Od 3 9s Od 371 4d Pease. 50s Od 49s 0(1 49. 50, O Odd Second 1564 Od 08 1 Od 3 Os 13,1 Third 411 s Od 48s 6d Palm's 0? PROVI SIONS, ke. fleet, per lb. ... Os. aid. to Os. 6d. Fresh Butterilb.os.7d. to s. 103. 031 0 6 Salt 0 8 0 9 Veal 0 0 3 4 0 8 Ditto, per Cs t. 68 0 0 0 5 Eggs, per dos. 0 8 0 0 Lamb, per qr. 1 0 3 0 30 0 0 OatStraw(kpl.) 11 6 0 0 , %3 t Dttto.... 0 0 ///Tallow cwt.... uartern Loaf 0 10 0 11 Barl ey Ditto 11 0 0 8 6 Potatoes. 1711 b. 0 7 0 0 Hay, per it...—. 0 6 0 8 L . M A It K Oatmeal at to-day's market, !ek's prices. Pot Barley 2.. ek. EDlNBUlkiii MIA . We had a large supply of which sold readily at last w, per cwt. dearer than hat we Per Sack of 4901 b. Imp. Per Stone 01141 ... £0 2 6 b. Imp. First Oatmeal £2 8 0 First Oatmeal ....... Second ditto 2 6 0 Second ditto Barleymeal. llO 0 Barleyrneal 0 4 0 0 2 Peasemeal . 1 16 0 Peasemeal Pot Barley—No. I, per cw t . 1 41.-2 d, 165.-3 d, 20s.— 09 0 Poul 241. GLASGOW CORN /MARKET—JuIy 23. The favourable change in the weather has checked the briskness in Grain, and prices are rather lower. Wheat, per 2401 h. s. d. I. d. Oata, per 2341 b. I. d. c d. British, old ... ...... 34 0t035 0 Irish 27 oto3o 0 —....—...„ new Canada, free ...„... 34 0 NS 0 Beans, per 2601 b. Irish Barley, per 3201 b. Scottish • 23 - 0 23 0 English 2A 0 30 0 Pease, Scottish ... 230 25 0 Scottish 3O 0 32 0 Oatmeal, per 1401 b. 25 0 27 0 Irish 27 0 29 0 Flou r , per 2801 b.... 50 0 b 4 0 -- -- CORNWALL MARKETS. Tatmo—Wheat (average) Vs.—Barley, 13s. o.l.—Oats, 10s. Cot ST. A ( I STILLIr•WIItit, 'XL to 28,.--Barley, 12. t. to 145.--Oats, Os. to Us. Od. Bon sitts—Wh eat (average) 301. Od.—Barley, 15s. &t.—Oats 14s. LA UNCItOTON...Wh eat (average)l27..o.l.--Barley,l44. OlL—Oats, 12s. o.l.—Beef dd.—Sfuttott, sd. Ilacarom—Wheat, 275. Od.—Barley, 15a. Od. l'arszarma—Wheat, gds. to trls.—Barley, to 141 Oats, Os. to I Is. Od.—.Beef said Mutton bd. to 6d.—Pork, 4d. to AL-. Butter, Bd. per Ib. totos. auan—Wheat.ggs. 6d. t o 3gs. Od.--Barley, Igs.-.0.41, Ws. 1 dd. ST. COLVill—Wheat, 255. to gds.—Battey, J. to 131...8eet, and Mutton, sd. to dd.—Veal and Lamb, 4d. to sd. Iff an tit al MINING INTELLIGENCJI. Tens. Cwt , y Copper Ore sold at Redruth last Thursday 3,9(8 ,verap 8 • ittannty of fine Copper ..................................... 310 8 mount of 5a1ft.20,i1531. 134.0 d. —Averase • Stand.trd. 1001. Igs. Piimrsrma.—This people, celebrated for their wars with the Israelites, dwelt on a small strip of seacoast south of the Tyrians. They were originally, it is thought, a colony from Egypt. They possessed five cities under the government of five Princes, and confederated to. gether for mutual defence. Trade and piracy were their chief means of subsistence. Their long and obstinate re risistance against the arms of the Israelites testifies their valour and love of independence. A seafaring people, the chief object of their worship was a sea-god, Dalton..._ Dr. Lardner's Cabinet Cyclopedia, Vol. IX. ; being Outlines of History. ABRAILAM.—At a very remote per i od of antiquity, when the sacerdotal caste in Babylonia had begun to spread idolatry even among the nomadic tribes of the land, a man, named Aanastam, distinguished by wealth, will/lens, and probity, in obedience to the coin • means of the Deity, quitted the land of his fathers, and journeyed with his family and his herds towards the land of Canaan. Ilia faith in the only Gon, and his obedience to Isis will, were here rewarded by increasing wealth and numbers. Ilia son and grandson continued the same no madic life in Palestine which A 11111 A HAI( and his fathers had led. By a surprising turn of fortune, one of the sons of JACOB, the grandson of AnaallAAt, became Vizier to the King of Euvrr : he brought his father and family to that country, and a district in the north-east of Egypt was assigned to them by the KINU for the sustenance of them. selves and their flocks and herds. —Dr. Lardner's Cabinet Cyclopedia,Vol. IX.; being Outlines of iliaory, UNIVERSITY INTELLIGINa Oxman, JULY SO.—On Monday last the Re. Russell Philip% M.A., the Rev. George Wells,MA.l ol James Henry Hughes, B A., were admitted ecU'l .1 lows of Magdalen College; and on the same Rouse Bloxam, Edward Archer Tawney, Theots %'horwood, and John Edward Bright were adapt Demies of that Society. At an Ordination held by the Lord Bishop of UN" at the Chapel at Hartlebury Caltle, on Sonda/ 101 . I following gentlemen were ordained : Paurrs.—Jal. Bradshaw Tyrwhit, Littleton Wheeler, M.A.; Lawrence Wynoe, 1114 ', Richard Lane Freer, B.A. ; Samuel Rama= BOP"' Henry Willoughby, M.A. ; Henry Clarke, DICACONS.—Henry Griffiths, 8.A., of Queesell Cambridge; Richard Ilarneby, 8.A., of 8110 00 ,,., lege, Oxford ; John Lingard, 8.A., of Christ', u°7 l Cambridge; John Daniel Lloyd, 8.A., of ClgoolelZ lege, Oxford; Richard Tomes, 8.A., of Me deli' 81 " Oxford. IECCLISIASTICAL tatexstivers. ~ The Rev. George Porter, M.A., Fellow of Qta t i College, Oxford, has been presented to the Lithi, Monk. Sherborne, county of Hants, vacant by Owl nation of the R e v. J o h n B. M a ude, M.A. IWOISir Provost and Fellows, of Queen's College. The Rev. Charles W e bb e r, jun., Canon Resi de Chichester, and M a ster o f th e Chichester Pnbeed Lag. was on Thursday last, by the Bishop of Chichlet c ;: t , toted to the sinecure R e ct o ry of FelphstO, Yid ' 7 death of the R ev . S amue l Sl a d e , D.D.,Dtlin Of .• Patrons, the Dean and Chapter of Chicheeter. J o, The Rev. J. D. Borton, M.A., to the Vleang",. co rai T l n i g ep h h e a , R m iy a rl . m E b r . r t i ° ll d l k g . . Ely, vacant by the eS, d Pitt e o a r t tk h hee o ' f lfV t i h earA s . R alga e et v t . °F i r :1117111ads.. Dl.'' folk The Rev. T. Clarkson, to the Rectory Of DIM" folk ; patron, the King. iwa iii . lei The Rev. St e ph en Cli sso ld h as been r— of $lO Living of Wrentham, Suffolk, vacant by dig : Be i. Rev. Wm. 13arlee • patron, Sir Thomas , iitbt The Rev. W. iurrows, Curate of Ifeellon",. nm ;i i i (00 :: Vicarage of Ch r i s t c h urc h, H ants; patreos On ' ...7 ' ,''' .. Chapter of Winchester. dltk The Rev. B. Maddock, M. A. to the Vieerga caster, Yorkshire; patron, the Earl of Erstne e L ,...‘ si dle A new schooner from Shoreham .:wu es In" her beam ends, at Brighton last night. L .. f4l The Mary, from Jemmies, i s s u pposed- to " "..- Brighton. ° ?°*.i CATILINE'S CONSPIRACY."""Vi Lt. ,tmat PP ems was absent in the East, Rome ran 5ra.. , ..- - :4 seeing days worse than those of Remus ansi S a d; tea. 1, . crimes of equal or greater enormity perPettn has te stun CATILINA, a man of patrician extractions " -- „,,4,1 d W I fiigate manners and ru i ne d fortunes, tte•"...ha ,-- l ...ill r , being able to overthrow the constitution. a••• -- , A 0 high rank were concerned in this consPielef• w 'oesis ' stood for the Consulship, but failed, M. T",,, L ; i 0 1111. / the illustrious orator, being chosen. His "'"wto discovered, he became desperate, and resolved on , i dg der of the Consul and the principal attnatOrt t raln/Tie fire to the c ity ; b ut i n f ormat i on o f a ll hie ego given to the C onsu l, and CATILINS Wlig St le° ....j. MO to leave Rome, and put himself at the head a l'aiii. as he had been able to bring together. His $5.. °111 701 0 Rome wer e meanw hil e di scovere d an d eleolossl himself engaging with the army sent against hielt and fell with a heroism worthy of a better os .Larder's Cabinet Cyclopedia, Vol. IX.; Wag of History. ALA? WRA CA died fe el ''''„l neig M hboz o iz e u t rh o o f od o ß tli ii r l e sre a T d rit e e : m a wb : ea n or a G a o i ol n d : l li fun n o i r o t u r e o b: o 4 : 4 l l but the kindness and benevolence of the Dub "' /10 annex towards him were not so generally 1 1 1: 1 001 old man had, a f ter t h e d eat h o f hi s wife, fallen A l io poverty, and after selling what he could, Wes (150 have recourse to th e ass i s t ance of the parish. In he thought, by an application to the Duke , 'Wig° ;4 40 had f ormer l y sailed in the Prince George , 11 1 ti e enabled to get into Greenwich Hospital, and DL i ps 'trances would p reven t hi s trying. jaa e. ,. a . : ,, rd ;l ;fall borrowed money f rom a ki nd neighbour, suw-krOMI sage to London, and after repeated attempts' Ant•ir enough to find • Vv. Royal Highness st hontsi adast o sending in his 1 ,1 4, •Ae was direetedt° his Royal and, as the ,11 1 Alan used to say, - -,,,, slot met him in the• pilseage, shook him kindliZi 3lo , took him into a rodiii, and setting a ch air .— e 00 04 another close beside for himself, enter d, i ihrA' into a recapitulation of the stories Of „," Y ali o y wht ) a midshipman on board the Prises 49 "'T;... e l , aid, b' ' AfArrnew had been master of the 11114 ( 7, 0 ,i with"' consequence of his situation, somewhat to dhisigo Prince. Upon hisrrtinv's telling his stile en • be W his Royal Highness was kind e nough to saY no el apply for him, but be feared it was toe t i _ et. i. wag I° ,, A , 1 he was to call next day but one, wue n a i to rlatt *II I him the result. Accordingly Msrvinw i j b. destif 1 Royal Highness, who told him nothing eoul iou t,ber to getting him into Greenwich itspitia — ,..forto 6 ' ever," said he, " what will nabs Y° 6 ei v r year as leg 110 Mierrttew ? I will allow you 101 . a live; and if that won't do I will help you further• ou bet to me wh en you get home, and let me know list 6ki oll . got safe down ;" and at taking leave his Rolls! ig!Air put su ffi cient into his hands to pay his expel w oes 'mew for ma n y years en j oye d his bounty, I" ba llet niggard in his acknowledgements of the betwa ° " - I the Duke of CLARINCZ...LineeIn hicrewl• d I ri g 00 1 .4 °1 a THE TRUE AND FABULOUS .-- I v. - 00 00 Roza. — Italy , the peninsula westward of ---__ 0 0 originally inhabited by tribes of as unknown ro" . , 0 00 Pelasgians, that extensive people who settled in boa d Ih . also e s t a bli s h e d themselves in Italy. They i l3lll ,distk plains and t h e coasts, and were peaceful and agr4 oo Se l , the mo un t a i n tribes gradually encroached oF ° , l , 3; : b it o r, i conquered them. On the banks of the river 1 ,. ,%"7' t ' '• ties of this people, named Sicilia', was ', Hi ll,. bitt e tribe of the mountains, named Aborigine& ui 1 . 1 . 04 riane, invaded their country, expelled a r P e a nuo r t !o tof l ot ~ gutted and settled themselves among the the united people were called Latina. A Pert ° Tibr . . l l I lived in villages, on some hills adjacent to t "orts,,vr - 1 ' Another mouatain.raess, called the Sabin e. ' bli Pr, advanced towards the sea, and wrested from bitants of the banks of the Tiber a part of the° pol ol These nations fi nally coalesced, and formed °n O l foe,, their joint city was named Rome, possibly 1 ,„,t . ! ebn gian appellation, and it was governed by Al l) ,C o etr t alternately by one of the combined nations oat oli o , pia Such is the most probable account of the origin i blll . ji which the researches of modern times have bea n l i IF give. A different and more romantic tale ap et° , os e I I 1,. ] ancient historians; for the early history of PR, t i ne s ,* , hLi popular t)tw t h e a siorertmi ntitbb e arin g e m s a na t; v i ptseeni the poetry, law enqu i rers w t t s r h liw h o r i ae re , i :o ne. b w istio auw h i bfdindiyatc. m e e t l d i lt the recorded egT 0 b e c o mes dgroo n yds o : c o ntainedr r tAth a hltr sre so a i in r rt marvels a ti a ca tp oi ni n o r v p d ioti Pu s o hnu :l of e r ;li f t r Tw w, _ ht r ° ‘.--- :il l da lei'i i d t g fi °C 1 1 ) t . their being saved and suckled by a wolf, a nd ti r ,,, fi w n o a od ily pe re ck st e o r ri t n il g l found their b g y ran th d e fit a h h e e r pl to terd th F e a tt u ro n .... .. ut f n iA st ; Longa, the city founded by Ascanfus, the sou _,° 0 Or_ ~ and then collecting their fellew-shepherde an o 10" . scribable rabble, and founding a town name 4 7,0, 4 1 , ItomuLoe, the elder of th e twine, on the bill. w , e had been miracul ous ly saved and educated. --21y ;10 1 ! t k l' Iser's Cabinet Cyclopedia, V o l. IX. ; bibs; D id •_. -!' History. ._..... N. ll '' BIRTHS. ~ night On the 80th ult. i n Cliff or d street, th e --" Lady Janet Walroad, of a son and bon INV Oa the 20th ult. in Lower lirool"tr..4 the ...h. Dr. W of a son. 1 61 - Onthe Slat ult. Mrs. J. A. Hanker, o f Fe n ..6 street, of a son. On the the Slat ult. th e l a d y o f ) f r . C. C oo-k , °f of a daughter. el MARRIED. ~,, PP' h On the Slat ult. at High Ongsr, J. F. Thi- , ,'A Out' St. Leonard's, Mixing, Essex, to Augusta, o , lf hr ditiM* ter of the late Rev. Dr. Edridge, R of ... " i Re ctor Norfolk. Tt iota' Ont y h a e n fll H s u t mulpt.hreayt.A, E All ai So . Souls, of G ar th- ,1 late E o f th ° sq. of Bishop's Waltham, H an ts, to Ann, rel it oisiool" ganshire. ofto ril' On the to B Caroline, otht‘ltat secondillingtlidna'uglthrie. ir.onfl&gcljqiiibil' Mi fie of Islington. DIED. litu A S On the 30th alt. at Islington Greta , Or e ' 6. In her 79th year. ill o f )ft. On the 30th ult. Sarah, the affectionate 0 ~,,, Steutt. Chelsea, affed 71. '',l --- " - Ai 1 ----- ---- oVti' m P 1 )---- WALDO ItINVID AND 1111,11114118 IT .... PLOS °S. la X 6V S Urrtcs, 11S, STAA SP/