The Sun. — London, England, 1830-09-04 00:00:00

Members of the -Rile! Family. This being the firsi diplomatic recognition of the new Government, anc . that recognition Coming from England, excited great' Interest in Petit. It is justly considered as it pledge" that the peace of Europe < will not be disterhed ill France abstain from: interference in the' affairs on other countries, Boren the crowd which wits -vole lived about the PA& Royal felt the importance of the proceeding, and Lord Stuart, on leaving. tlie Palace, was renewed end loudly - cheered ,by tho people. The French Papers contain little else which is remarkable: every thing appears to proceed in a WWI of perfect order. Indeed, we may say, with` reference to France and aeonßelgium, that the con 'inertial proceedings, though fearful certainly, have been, and are, more temperate than we could expect when we consider what popular commotion alWaysi have been. In France especially they are still event exemplary ; and at least they afford assn earnest ant pledge of security in this country, that if the people! had any grievances now to urge—any consideration to press upon Government.-any , relief to claim-1 ..they wonld not put themselves under the direction of furious. demagogues—not -attempt to shake the established . institutions of the land, or bases of society.--but seek for rational objects by temperat9 and constitutional means... Dimes. The " Manifesto to the Spanish nation," 'which we inserted hist 1 'Thtirsday has indirCod) as miglit. have been expected, communications from sundry correspondents. Announcing itself as an expression of political sentiment, and a forerunner of practical measures on the part of u powerful body of Spa sliards, whose hostility to the Government of Ferdis nand. VII. they did not affect to dissemble, the friends of that Governments--if any such existed-- could not: refrain from bestowing. mu :the Manifeseei its authors, and, indeed,_ its publishers, aortic/ flecen degree ,of entigution. One gentleman, who sigmn " K.," has written us a letter, partly of instruction; pert rebuke, -which, as ii cow/okra peg whereon to hang two or three of ,our own observations, we beg the reader to pardon us for inserting., Speakin this-writer the M an if esto , thisriter calls it inconsequeu and inconsistent, because the Sp a nish le a ders " begil, by describing Ferdinand es a tyrant, a perjurer, It deceiver, awl all that is bad, and finish by raying that they have spilt much blood, and are still ready , to spill it for their King.'.! The explanation of 1114 miscalled inconsistency might, we should thiek,hav4 Ingested itself without our aid, to any mind et oncti candid and discriminating.. - The leaders declare that they, are ready to-spill their blood " for their King," whoever that King may be,. that is, whoever the nation may acknowledge for its sovereign; and they take especial care to disavow that the war which they are willing to carry on has for its prime object the de: . *Dilation of Ferdinand, so mitch as of the faction whose tool lie is represented to he, and of the system through. which his tyranny is exercised. The Spa 7 nigh leaders would have incurred the ridicule of man, kind for their presumption, and the detains:bidet) of all the ultra-loyalists of Europe for their bar., barity, had they insinuated one word as to their ins tendon of deposing or decapitating a Royal pert soilage, on their own authority ;---no, they have called upon the Spanish nation to meet end form itS +sive resolutions, and enforce them. . They leave these high matters to the country at ',age, as well the nature of the Government as the treatment of the culprit King; and therein it does appear to wit that they haste meted with moderations and sound policy. The writer proceeds to affirm thatiSptsin at present enjoys " quiet," that persecution has long ceased" I and that the Spaniards have begun to reap the fruits of " peace and harmony" I Further, that a free Government is " not tit for Spain, nor will be in the present ogee's.." that the Spanish. Noble man, saving the privileges of his lank, cares not whether he breathes the air of freedom or of dr spreisso ;„ rurally, that there is tin central power of union among the Patriots; but that mutual enmity will never be rooted out of their hearts, until their whole party shall, bee annihilated." Now it would . be rather uncivil to-assert- that there are not morel lines than falsehoods in the above extract :horn B; f our K—'a letter: but we may , ineinuate.that it is more ,than polite on our part to treat them at deserving or. refetation. The quiet enjoyed by Spain is the . stillness of death, If persecution of individuals as such has ceased, -it is because all—or with very few and unobserved exceptions—all who were of consequence enough, by rank, talent, spirit, and fortune, to „provoke or 'alarm the persecuting power, hive been proscribed -or have become voltmtary exiles, . If the, Spaniards have begun to reap the fruits of peace and harmony, we fear there ass 140M0. NM. -among the wheat.--some alloy of poverty, and misery,. and discontent, mixed up with this netional resignation. It is .to lse apprehended dust tithes and totes, and boundless and 'habitual; because . irresponsible, oppreasion, have marked the sets/mine of the uefortunte Spaniards towards this political Paradise. But :it appears that the. people of Spain are" unfit for freedom,'.' mid will be so -for asst age to come, anti therefore , that it is tin utter ebsurdity to give them any liberty at present. It is unquestionehle, we reply, that the tendency of such a. brutal sway OS that of Ferdinand 'is and will be, as it over has been, to renderott victims less geniis lied every day for a free and realm - tilde Government, It follows, therefore, by .necessary_ inference, that-if . it b/rabsurtf orimproper to overturn his deapotiim now in WA In I$R) it must be twice es criminal tar , foolish ; so that, in - fact, the lonetrivretehed people hart been, enslaved, the more distant. its MUM. Option might to be e s-or, in other words, no such thing as liberty ought ever to ise .introduced where tyranny .hats once beep. established. Of a piece with K..'s re/emotive, are Isisistai entente of fuel, and equally . cormlusive against.. any Spaniali constitution.. :. H e "Po 0 1 4 the present Government. is.. good enough for the Spaniards; mid, doubtless, for . dune who, like K, am willing.to live tinder it : the ,Camarilla is :it geed enough, /substitute for the cortes e —indeed, . somewhat- better than swell inhotn !Inlets dews* So, " there-is no :central W 40 1 .1 nor , power' among die constitutional party, , whiete. minted liatrede will .. exist, until. they , (the patriots) are all annihilated." There is nothing stare toe than that Spain in J 823 Was lost through the rectifies animosities or corrupt detections of many to w hunt communal, of the bighest. Atwood hail been intrusted. Hut why ware this ?. .Because , the owned ilistreat of (stations. was fentented by n treacheron Court, and chiefteins oaid hystlei pithily moncey for betraying. their country, to the :invader, wire appointed to those partionlarltosta and services, the seerifiee. of which would .htemeat irreparable to the station., Is it. likely, then, .we may ask, that a game So fatal will be played ,by the patriots sootiest i liemselves, ,or that they have not profited by the lessee imprinted on shc . ir peondec,tinini, by a cornrow/ cutes y . ? We. efintiotssee into the hearts of the constitutional chieftains, tor CAM We answer, pus!. flee!) , for the exception, of ;dines in witich it is nevertheless Well known, to the Spanish Govern.. mesh, ,a 4 ,save are informed, , that the great bulk of the: exileil, pattiots ore combitird ,with their friendi still rortatioro% in the Peoinsul , i, to accomplish for their cauntryt The heht4iiid.. projects. may fail of eirceese—thoselevitiebare one day the moat urgent awl imperiatit may the next day be rendered we,. resanny by the nttaitiMent of the thing -desired threu e b other ehlienele; but witheet emisidering it 1 esesiliem. just . itt preSelit, 10 ralgolate from any of ".1 , 11-,in p l iv ie c enures of ins el ligefev, we need only rt . f "' to the varines seemnits in the French Papers fru" , the PyriMies, anti th written as. well as ore( conuounicatimis ale wing. in upon 1..4ane0 and on this emietry from ail the plovitteCs of «7.;plin, 'Old le"' in " tiny ""binal Parsers to determine whether move- Mesas of lei extensive met fmtnidahle natuve NU IIM ihere looked . npon 113 inevitahk. Yet - warns- spondent, who toldressvi'ns from Mad ' I ' '' r; i iiii,,, mic444 „ written tri teraii, a ,ti r . o , ant WlO toward* the - Coast itittional par; .y, l ifl i t.Tr ge.nie.a ' t " surprise at - seeing its oissiii ' Enr'li ' sl e i l. b''' Prentli Pattert that !Vein. ii hi A l' state rivoluqour a l t 114. .,4104'p0 to told, a I ta ", assure you that we are at distant Owe any eventE of thie'riliture, as' at any period (hiring' the hlst ex - pal* There hal been no proclatinosoo of the . Constitution--no cries of, 'Viva la Libelled,' in any part of the Peninsula.", . This letter bears date the 23d of Augtvit ' at which date it is more than probable that no demonstrations of any sort had' been . made in fivour of the Constitution. Vet what must we infer from Other parts of this same letter of our correspondent ? Why was it taken for granted that 20 or 30 poor people drinking at an ule-honse, near Madrid, must be conspiring against' be State? Why that the commanding officer of a regiment must he disaffected ; and why was he ac tually arrested by the Minister at Ware---because his drum.major had ordered the band to play a French' march on entering Madrid ? Why, again, were ball cartridges served out to the Royalist Militia (as they. are called), if no danger existed, or any suspicion of danger, more than for six years past ? This gentle man also, we obset ve, attributes the report of ap proaching insurrections in Spain to stock job-, biog manoeuvres for a rise in the Cortes bends.. That the occurrence or even hope of a formidable -insurrection. in Spain would tend to raise that de scription a national paper is manifest enough ; but the French ultra Royalist dream that all the animo sity of the French nation against the Court of: Charles X. hail been the work of the popular jour- . nuts, instead of the popularity of those journals hav ing arisen front the odiousness of the Government, was on a par, in point of sagacity, with this guess of those who furnished intelligence to the Madrid letter. in both ea- , es the effect is put for the cause. The precautions of Carlos d'Espogna, in Catalonia, tinly likowke help to open the eyes of many worthy individuals whet have hitherto seen nothing beyond the ordinary phenomena of the last six years in,. Spain. Prince i'olignsc, his colleagues, their nn happy !nester, h and, we dare s a y, t h e whole fan-' bourg St. Getman), saw nothing on the 25t1) of last July hut a long vista of unimpaired legitimacy for Chai X. - and his successors. On the With of August that wretehttl King was transported, an ',tripled culprit, from the scenes of his visionary triumph, and the contemptible creatures who bail deluded arid destroyed him wore under escortifor the Castle of Vincennes; bo, practicuble is it even for clever men to reside in a country and know vrry little about it. l'inics. A Second Edition has just been published of " The Letters on England," by the late M. A. de Stat.! Holstein, with additional letters, and a Life of the Author, by the Duchess de Broglie. The amiable and virtuo u s author was,well acquainted with Eng land, spoke the language, as Sir Walter Scott ob servCd, like a naive, and was peculiarly well qua lificd• to institute a comparison between England And Vivito. lie has been accused by his country men,.. indeed, of partiality to England ; certainly he Will pot he accused of partiality to France. The oddilionol . lotters wore written after he had added to his experience the witnessing a General Election in Bitekind, which seems to have given him more in,ight than he before posssessed. into the working of the Constitution. He 'Allows that in many things France may profit by the example of England, but he seems to have stumbled on the truth, that Prance is in the right path, while England is getting further. and-further from it. " Fora long time (he observes) we may and ought to profit by its example ; but I am not the less convinced that its social organization requires fundamental rt forms, and I would not venture to affirm that its political in stitUtions are sufficient progressively to lead to these re forms, without having dangerous crisis to pass through. In this respect, perhaps,. our situation is more favourable than hers ; perhaps, after long-continued shocks, we begin to enter an easier and straighter path. The corm parison of the career of these • two countries, during the latter years, would almost seem to point it out. • . • . Let us now turn our eyes to France. I have no mind to play the politician here, and I believe myself to he perfectly impartial while writing to you ; hitt our Go vernment (the late French Government) will have no right. to complain, if, in judging of the state of the country eta influence has been left entirely out of the question.— Equity cannot go farther for if we were to judge of iltl int•otitms by its attempts, and of its influence by its acts, we toust•hold another language. Let us then take it for what it really is—for a.construint, for a troublesome ob stacle to the moral and political development of France, but an obstacle which is nut powerful enough to stifle the elements of prosperity and good sense, which germinate in the country. If, notwithstanding this obstacle, prosperity has increased, if public good sense has made any progress, will it not lie evident that we must meek the causes in the very ecinstitution of society,' in the manners of the people, and the state of property ? " A constant subject of meditation is afforded by the sight of two neighbouring countries, continually connected' by commerce and business, making a daily exchange of Woke and Ideas, as well as of goods and of Merchandise, governed by analogous political laws (since our Charter is but nu imperfect imitation of the English ,Constitution), anti nevertheless remaining so different in their manners and their tendeney, that we must say, in certain respects, they are, placed at the two extremities of the social scale." After noticing our institutions . and customs, be proceeds to observe— , " But if in all those divers elements the sum of good is immense, there is not the less reason to be surprised at the . . • mass of evil. Crying abuses subsist in the face of mi.: limited publicity, and without any serious: thought of combatting them suggesting itself even to those who suffer me,,t by them; about' customs 1114iiititift their ground by the side of the soundest good sense; the misery of Man. attester with the luxury of London ; unparalleled frivolity: by the side of serious and exalted virtues; unbeard.of scandal and profound piety ; :and under the most en., lightened of European Governments, Ireland more wretched than the Countries subject to the despotism of Austria. 44 Whet do we bee on this side of the Channel ? No Institutions—for how can we give this name to, liberties without guarantee, superinduced, as it were, no the utl.; ininistrative Monarchy?—an imperfect and wavering ad ministration of justice; an aristocracy witliont indepen. derive sod without wealth ; a democracy without vigour, Ic c . Am; it nut gam that a.state of society composed of such eleineots must present a melaticholy spectacle? And yet what impartial observer can look at Prance without. being struck by its progress, and the prosperity of its in— habitant?, In what Alonarehy is the condition of. the labourieg classes better ? And if liberty consisted only in following wlthout constraint one's private `Sfraire, where is that faculty enjoyed to a greater extent ? 44 Undoubtedly ;sectirities are wanting. Undoubtedly we have no teal iserriets,. to oppose so the caprices of power; but a sort of public moderation, a general sense of propriety supplies their place in a certain degree; end. precisely boo use we are without institutions either good . pr bad, nothing can long maintain its ground which will not bear the exuminetion of reason, The relations between laaa and man ere aimple and true; mural and intellectual 'auperiOrity ate estimated at their 'real value, and the ad vintages el bitth or ofsitoation, in themselves without in flames!, romans their place in public spiniest wherever theY are accompinied by individual merit; a taste for eertous 'demi and occupstions takes the place of royal end imperial vanities; a love of order animates all classes, be. cause all have something to preserve. . . . I toast also confess there still exists in Franca a class of own who have need to learn that there is no more dignity of soul in looking at superior stations in society with a jealous eye, than in seeking them with ambitious vanity. Let us gone farther, and auk forget that aristocratical in atitutions are only the titans, while the object is, first of all, lilpity—that is :sitsay, justice and morality—then ProPetity. Now, there is a point at which aristocratic customs would end with rendering illusory all the beat guarantees of liberty. In vain shall I be told—in vain shall I sty to myself, that there ianothingeaselusive in Constitutional aristocracy —that every kind of career is open to everybody—that there is no tewlal advantage that is not accessible to talent and to fortune. It is, nevertheless, true, that the obstacles may be SO multiplied, and the ofjeet placed so high, that fur one trim succeeds in reaching it, there are thousands who suffer and perish by the Way. " I have enriched myself by labours which have been advantageotia to my country as well as to myself; I de sire honourably to enjoy my fortune in my native pro• vince, and to acquire the influence and the means of being useful, which landed property confess. flow can I do this, if I urn as it were imprisoned on all eiders by the immens►; poste issions which are perpinueted by entails in one family, the heed of which is, perhaps, the n►ort useless of soon ? : •& I have conceived the piano( a canal, which will animate the commerce of a %Oink town; which will enrich a whole province; very well; but it must puns through the park of great nobleman, to whom the plan is inconve nient, atili all is %topped. I may certainly have remold to the power of Parliament, and to the still greater power of , the Prism ; but whom shall find in the Parliament? the friteds, the relations, the dependenta him whose in.t terests I have ttioppotie, tun! yearse—perhaps' generations, may pass-away before the repeated attacks of Opinion have ken Able to break this phalanx. A long time will even elapse before opinion prortouncea itself; for, respect for vested rights is'so deeply rooted in the heads of the 7og li-h, that 'nobody, takes it amiss if the most huirdensome privileges are enforced with the utmost rigour. "What shall we say of thousands of men, who languish in the prisons, Where they are brought up in the school of vice, for no other crone than having taken some partridges froM the Lord of the Manor? Suppose, for a moment, that it Should he thought expedient to introduce among us the English Game Laws; to prohibit the Sale and pur chase of game; ttt forbid every one, who is not an Esquire or proprietor of a landed estate of a hundred a-year; the pleasure of walking with a gun in his hand, in his own field; and T ask you if any Government would be strong enough not to fail in such an enterprise ; and if, notwith standing the mute docility which the administrative mo narchy has so long impressed upon manners, the whole country would not break out into murmur anti insurree. floe ? Such, however, are the laws, which their palpable absurdity'dOes not hinder from maintaining their ground in England ; anil every year the Parliament listens with patience in support of such a system, I dare not say to ar guments, but to langeage, which excites a smile of (im passion. I could multiply examples ad infinitum." This worthy man, with all his 'prepossessions in favour of England, could riot blind himself to the • ss great cause of all the abus es in the country. There is a point (he says justly)'at which aristocratic cus toms would render illusory all the best gearanteee of liberty." We have always contended t hat no country, can possibly be well governed in which primogeniture is the law of descent. The necessary consequence of throwing geeat masses of property into few hands, is to deprive the people of the enjoyment of the priVileges they may nominally possess. The rich man must of necessity be surrounded by slaves. One of the greatest philosophers obit:ryes, speaking of the great, that the consciousness whiCh they have of their Strength renders them arrogant ; the sight of the respectful air of those who listen to them, gives, them.tt foolish confidence to utter folly haugh tily and even brutally. They even believe that they have, uttered smart or suns ble things because the fear and prudence of others have been favourable to them. That men born to great Wealth are of all men the least fitted to legislate, from their ignorance and the conceit so well described by the philoso e pher from whom we have made the above quota tion, is a point respecting which there can hardly be two opinions. England, therefore, never can he well governed so long as the present law of succes sion gives all power to the rich. Even Blackwood, with all his High Church and Ultra-Tory notionS, admits that the Aristocracy are necessarily imbeciles, and that none but imbeciles can be members :-- " None but the very rich (he says), and the insfru ments which party puts forward and supports With. its purse, can maintain a contest for a county ; the qualifies. tines in consequence are confined to great wealth and party servility. • It therefore naturally happens that County Members, as a whole, cannot be other than men deplor ably inefficient in ability and intelligence. Agriculture embraces the especial interests of their constituents; yet on matters connected with it, scarcely an individual cart he found among thetri capable of making an able and argu mentative speech ; they can neither confute their opponents nor support their friends. We need not speak of their ca pacity for managing the general affairs of the Empire. If they make a display of independence, their want of talent and knowledge too often causes them to do it to the injury of the State ; they oppose or support the Ministry when they ought to do the contrary. Counties, therefore, are not only to a great extent virtually without Representa tives, but those they possess are of the least value possible." The French, fortunately for theeiselveti, have rid themselves of their Aristocracy. Tide is a blessing which can hardly be perchased at too high a price. Aristocracy anti servility go together; and when the one disappears th e ot h er disappears also. No coun try can be tolerably governed where there are indi viduals with enormous estates, to overawe the less wealthy and corrupt the poor. That country mutt proceed from had to worse.-11forning Chronicle. The accounts from the Netherlands received yes terday, though seeming to differ, may be reconciled by supposing that the refusal of the King to accede to the dementia of the Brneaels poitimiers is to be. attributed to ,his distrust of his powers to decide alone on what belongs to himself and the States- General to deterinitie. The demands of the Liege petitioners are, in fact, chiefly levelled at his exer cising arbitrary powers. They complain of his mis chievous bounties, which have had the effect of enabling one class of men to ruin another. No one doubts the intentioni of the King ; but good inten tions co nsa nc re er not of individuals,otenott AK m it a ig y , by meddling with very best intentio ns in th e world. uiweetin n with th e may easily conceive what havock would be caused in this country by placing such a man as Aldermen Waithman, With alt his credo shopkeeper notions , of serving trade, at the bead of the Government of an industrious community. Yet Alderman 'Weidman is probably as enlightened a man es the King of the Netherlands. The demands of the people of Brussels, and Liege, 'as far us we can understand them, deem''' to be just." A well-intentioned King, who will: have every one happy in his own way, and conse. wetly will persist in meddling with everything, is u great curse to a country.—Morning Chronicl4 The Paris Papers, which reached us last night, ere ,rather sterile of news. They neither confirm miriefete the reported ceneessione of the Kings of Spin and Naples to their respective subjects, neither do they announce any insurrectional movements in these Stetee. As to the concessions, we twitch no credit whoever to theni, because absolute Kings never give up any portion of their ower, Wets forced to it by instant siners, of which there was no sign at. the date of the last accounts from Me drid or Naples, though there was much formative., tion in .both cities. But that the ferment will ass IMMeint last, a elmracter of open and uncompromis ing resistance every thing already imiiiates, whilst a short delay, instead df being a hindrance, will ren der success almost question of mathematical eel.- taintY. The news from the Netherlands is not so late as that we published yesterdity,'atid it throws' no additional light, therefore, on the conflict between the people and the Government. In the meantime, very erroneous notions prevail respecting the natere, exteet, and probable issue of the troubles in that- country. There are many who imagine, even et this moment, that they are a mere explosion, which would shortly cease if left to themselves, having no materiel of revolution. They also believe that the lower orders have alone taken !thy , part in diem,. either with hand or heart, find that th e o th er classes view them with fear and horror. With respect to the first of these opinions nothing can be more erroneous, for never was discontent more general and rooted than that which prevailed in the Southern Provinces ever since the formation of the new state. We .speak thus. positively because we epode from pere sonal knowledge; and we always found the dis content much greater in the higher than in the lower classes. This is the reason too that so many of the. Nobility have joined the present movement, and perhaps this is the reason, too, that the old flag of tirnbtint, whielt must recall to them so rosi l y wed tying associations, has been preferred to the emblem of Fremie liberty, he tlear to the multitude. The best proof of the extent of the insureeetion is the fiact that, in every town, gre a t a n d s mall, the antlio cities, civil and military, appointed by the King, have been displaced ; and ot h ers, c h osen by • the people, and responsible to the peopl e l e en; su bi s i. toted. Antwerp and Ghent alone'are exceptions . to this rule; anti even these are q u ilt e d exeep . t i nes , th e authority, both civil and military, being ing tdltniivoeitirvgh:!dir every town between t e e , e a b i 01. directing c o t p f s) re o g g a ple t aril ,tah: troops itsu i bl e de e o e K in e p ie) i appointed t it :oeee b oth ,. do h f Committee of Publle and the dirit guard now includee needy ell tb e able bodiedmen', with the exception of the mere rabble. In every village the saki measures havedieen adoptede end from every steeple the national flag flies' at this, momen t. Under these circumstances, concession i d o " on the pert or the King can prevent a com plete revolurion.-11forniugnerold. A Morning Paper, in IN cagentess to rescue the Duke of Wellington from the - charges of having had, any participation in the measures which led to' OW late memorable events in France,. proves ; as evert sealoessylvocates are apt to do, too muchs .The writer in question, after awing that it will app pear " from the perusal Of the official doeumente,' found' in the perthilios of the "late Ministers, that the Duke of Wellitigton was. never privy to any of the .pros ceedings of Polignac," adds, " - and was, when gene rally consulted, the strenuous opponent of arbitrary measures." We suppoSe, " generally consulted," means consulted particularly; bur, In whatever sense it be taken, those are words of fearful import, and, as we have said,, both admit and prove too much, and are decidedly at variance with the pre vious assertion, that his Grace was not privy to any of Polignac's proceedings. We did not say that he was, but we stated that there are persons in more countries than one who suspect that the Ministers of Charles X. would not have displayed the " fatal courage" which they did, if they had not some assurances of sympathy in other quarters ; and surely such suspicion is not likely to be ex tinguished by a mole of defence, which admits that the' Prime Minister of England was "generally consulted" on thew arbitrary measures of the Polignne Administration. Thus, the awkward ness of the advocate—for we are willing to ascribe it to thatoperates like a candid acknowledgment of the truth of at least one-half the accusation! Why should the Duke of Wellington have been coo , suited " generally," or at all, by the Polignac : Mi nistry, on their " arbitrary measures?" Were such consultations consistent with the spirit of non-inter feretice in' the internal affairs of other nations, which the Duke repeatedly professed ? Does not the ad s milted fact of his Grace having been frequently con suited by, the Poligtmc Millbury prove that that ill starred Administridion placed great confidence, at least, in the' judgment of the Duke, and believed they had reason to calculate on his ,sympathy ? When that Administration was first most tines. pectedly and preposterously thrust upon France, to accomplish the destiny of the Bourbons, did not the French people believe it to be but a branch Cabinet of the British Administration; and did riot the French Generals treat it us such ? No doubt they were mistaken in this---no doubt it was but a po- Pular delusion to suppose the Duke of Wellington, *ho hail been so instrumental in restoring the Aker. hons,.had sent them the fatal gift, in whose embrace was destruction But when we are told by the Duke's advocate, that Poligeac and his colleagues were in the habit of consulting him on his arbitrary measures, we can hardly avoid drawing the inference that those infatuated Ministers looked on him as not only Ore head of the English Cabinet but of the French also. What would the people of this country say of the Duke, if, when he resolved noon adopting his arbitrary mea sures against the Press, and the Whig Attorney- General stood ready to open the fire of his battery of ex-oilicio.infrrmations on the Press, his Grace had thought it necessary to consult the French Mi nister upon his intended proceedings against the freedom of political opinion ? Would they not say that the French Minister was virtually at the head of the councils of Great Britain ? Apply this rea soning to the facts admitted by the Duke's advocate, and will not the bitter attacks of the Parisan jour nals upon the Polignae Mini•try, as being, if not ap pointed, at least controlled by the British Cabinet, be justified ? We hope it will eventually be shown that, although the Duke persecuted the Press at home, he had no concern in the abortiVe attempt to annihilate the Press of France. We hope this will be shown; but then it must be by some proof of argument more convincing than the statement of the journalist who tells us his Grace was " not privy" to arbitrary measures, on which, at the same tittle, he gives us to understand that he was " generally considted." Thus, the Duke, like Charles X., has found that " no enemy can match a friend ;" but, we say again, we hope he will he able to clear his character effectually from the imputation of :such 'a defence 1-Morning Herald. • , Ari evening contemporartgoes so, far as to ad vanee,that a civil war is on 'thepoint of bursting forth in Spaie. In support of that opinion the public are presented with extracts of lettere from Bayonne, asserting the disturbed condition of Madrid, and the assemblage in the South of France of many of the Spaniards exiled by Ferdinand. We must pause, however, before we draw such conclu sions from the scanty materials furnishel by our brother journalist; and while we invite him to re consider this very serious question, we must be per mitted to task whether, tinder present circumstances, it would be desirable that th e Spaniel' refugees should as sert their claims by force of arms. Since the triumph of the Liberal party in France great so licitirde appears to have been felt by the Spanish Government. FerdiOand and his apostolical ad visers appear conscious o f h av i ng l ost th e i r firmest. prop in the late Sovereign rind Mini4ry of France, and have made a point of nckooWledging the recent political change. Yesterday's mail apprises us that . she French Consul at St. Sebastian has written to Bayonne, that orders to admit vessels sailing under the tai-coloured flag, in all the Spanish Sea-parts have arrived, by is special messenger, from Madrid.; This prudent measure, joined to the, well-known aversion of the French Government to interfere with the affairs of their neighbOurs, will tend to prevent the Spanish.refugees from carrying into ef fect their threatened attempt to: re-enter their , country by force of arms. Extract of a letter from Perpignan, August : " Spaniards retired in the interior of France, are pouring into this town and department. They are all byying clothes and arms. The post every one is assigned, and; chiefs will go to their respective positions as soon as money' can be procured to continence operation*. Catalonia is in a state of f ermenta tio n . On the other side, the Captain- General is taking tneasures to prevent this nutriment. lie leas taken the resolution of collecting together all 'his troops in or near Barcelona. He had reinforced Puy- Cada; he bar called to him all the troops which were spread 'about an tiro eastern frontier ; at the same ' thins he has written to Madrid to ark reinforcements. The Spankb Government does not neglect any precautions to avoid the' revolution which it seevevery where threatening it,' A military police has been created on the frontiers, to set in concurrence with the civil police ; all letters are openad and read ; and travellers against whom the least suspicion, arises are arrested or obliged to go back." " Extract of a letter from Paris, dated Sept. 1. Ga., nerd Mina has left Paris for Bayonne. For many days past thirty Spaniards each day leave Paris in the diligence,. which proceed to Bordeaux, and from thence intend going forward to' Bayonne. Besides these public conveyances, many who are settled in the departments` of France, are going either in voitures or on' foot—and in a few days a number of refugees will be assembled im the . Pyrenees, merely waiting for orders, and prepared to march into the interior of the connti). The Spanish Government brie, on its part, however, recognised the ' tri-eoloured flag,' and directed that , it should be respected, and pro lour,tirae%il gi t nnj e ,o‘ a pvu m earr e ttier, G on, tri o ;:s v i.t.i e ,d e , n er m otvahrte contemplatet y nl d s icei ao nvd n i le d rw a mar n e: A bn a t isi b ta ea ri se et d uh l ue w to the French Court, and Lnuis-Philip, it will he in direct French t Mold e disposal of the nish ke her isillanee with the new order of a ff airs. How then, under such cireumetancelt, can the French Goiernment allow an in vasiln to lie made by Spanish exiles and refugees from the frontiers ofFrance ? The mire permission would be an set of hostility. On the other hand, %honk] the French Government refuse the Spaniards who arc in this country the right of assembling, on the frontiers, or should 4(16- perse them by foree, there would be in Prance consider able discontent, since men of all ranks, and of all diversi ties of opinion, agree in desiring changes in th e Govern anent enue Titus, then, the foreign piney uvcrnment is a►ufliciently perplexing, anti no easy task, end` novery`agreeahle office oC° i , f n iaio u t t iu h t : satisfaction r bro to'j espect the' y of the" atimhe ,av they ;I.)sreoai owrytohfotetouoflideep loihkhaTo t tve,:geaedl aroundepvoa, eola r dl ' etitioattere thhe ose at guarantees" n not, for ""le ‘lirthtli e ch pr fl o r :p 6 e ze ct d of b . Y .su l ec ii su ccess from ancientt event f ameliorations r a io u n o s which state e require, are More likely to be i rtitlicrently e i b el i i t f e r e ig r ca te t t e r a t i ns t o w : of fittioiii7itilie:driteilirtYtia-titoofd*:tz v i a m iu m e ed o i t at e effort'. by; COattli L iianal system, and they are se completely under the influence of the priesthood, that a struggle [against the authority of the King would never be (popular in the strict sense of the word, although there can be little doubt that ninety out of every hundred educated men in Spain, even to :the officers of the army, are anxious for some 'change of system. But the priests have all cam* )nous point d'appui in the mass of the popul.sce, whose minds they have enchained by the power of religion, and whose bodies they almost support, in the absence of a regular demand for labour, by the • gratuitous distribution of food from the convents. There are certainly portions of Spain in which nu merous levies might be made among a hardy pea santry, who are less bigoted than the rest of their countrymen, and whose attachment to the p'ie , t• hood is solely kept up by their great poverty, which drives them to the convents for relief; but to obtain a force in this way, pecuniary means, of which the Constitutionalists uppedr to be almost destitute, would be absolutely necessary. There are, besides, few Spaniards of note among the Constitutional party, whose personal influence would he of much • importance in . an insurrection against the present Government. Many of the refugees who ate quali fied by military talent for the task in question, have forfeited the esteem of the Constitutional party, and, with the exception of Mina and half a dozen others, we know of no men who would be able to rouse the Constitutionalists to action. Their cause therefore, has not advanced so far as some of its partisans would have us believe; and if they have no better weapons to fight with than five-c,dumit manifestoes, and high-sounding proclamations, there is very little prospect of their frightening the prevailing party into reasonable concessions. We hope more front the mediation of this country and of. France, than from the fulminations of refugee Spaniards; and we deprecate any attempt to effect a change with the feeble means which they at present appear to possess, as the result would probably be a total failure, attended with new prescriptions, a nd th e loss of many valuable lives. Better far to await the issue of moderate measures, and the effect of the well-meant advice of other Governments. No reasonable man can doubt that, in the present state of Europe, Ferdinand will see the policy of making liberal concessions; for otherwise, if the constitu tional system should hold in France, public opinion will gain such. ground in Spain as to make a change a matter of absolute neeessity.--Morning Advertiser. NAPOLEON'S OPINION OF WRITTEN PLANS OF A CAMPAIGN. While Bonaparte was thus variously engaged at a distance, efforts were making at home to deprive him of the honour of conceiving those campaigns whose splendour could not be con cealed. It was an opinion generally admitted ) that Carnot, from his office in the Luxembourg, drew up, or dictated for him, the plans of these campaigns; that Berthier was his right hand, whom he was fortunate above measure in having near his person ; without whom he would have felt much embarrassed, even with the plans of Carnot, which were often quite romances. This two-fold absurdity has survived for a moment even against the evidence of facts. Many per sons still entertain this belief, which, in foreign countries especially, finds numerous partisans. Everywhere have I been assailed with questions on the subject. Now, not one word of all this is true. We must render unto Cesar what is Cesar's. Bonaparte was an inventor, not an imitator, in the art of war. That no man has here ein surpassed meee emeet At the of thin fine campaiggn, the Di rectory, as a matter of course, sent him certain instructions, but he invariably followed his own plans, constantly asserting in his despatches, that all would be lost, if movements planned at a distance from the Beane of action were to be implicitly or blindly followed then he offered his resignation. The Directory gave in, by ac knowleging the difficulty of determining tary operations at Paris: all things were arranged on this confession. On my e n t er i ng hi s ser vice, I saw a despatch f rom th e Di rectory , d ate d :in May, 1796, authorizing him to conduct the rest of the Italian campaign, according to his own views and estimates. And, most certabily, there was not a movement, not a single opera= tion, which did not emanate front himself. Carnot bad been obliged to yield to his firmness. When the Directory desired to treat of peace, towards the close of the year 1796, General Clarke, appointed to conclude the armistice, had powers authorizing him, in case Mantua did not fall during the arrangements, to inelude the blockade" as it should then stand. In this case the Emperor of Austria would have stieulated that the place and garrison should be provisioned day by day. Bonaparte, conv i nce d t h at an armistice without Mantua would never be a step towards peace, vehemently opposed this condition, to which, indeed, ho refused all as sent. Ho carried his point ; the place capitu lated ; the consequences are known ; the splendid campaign finished by an advantageous peace. Nevertheless, he had looked forward to the chances of war, and was preparing, during the blockade, to gain possession by storm ; and wrote the Directory to that effect, remarking, " A stroke of th is. nature d epen d s a b solute l y upon luck- 7 uptin a dog barking, or a goose cackling." Bonaparte, excessively alive to whatever reached him of the reports concerning :Carnot and Berthier, said to me one day, " This is so gross an absurdity 1 It is very easy to say to a General, depart for Italy, gain battles, and advance till you sign peace in Vienna. But the execution--there's the rub; that is' not quite so easy a matter. I never set the least account urn the plans received from the Directory. 'nese are upon the spot trio many circumstances to modify such instructions. The movement of a single corps of the enemy's army will completely overturn an entire plan arranged thus by the chimney-corner. None but old women would put faith in such gossip. As to Berthier, since you have been with inc, you see what he is: lie 18 a blockhead. What So he has done all ! It is he who appropriates a great' part of the g t v o o l oury of i therel t t o r a: t it h e s w , r ; tll t Yof suchhet eachdt ielaYs!" wouldm'us nln t t e t h P h e e l en►l yield own; n' enjoy his or at least, that posterity would do jus tice. This pleased him.--Constable's Miscel lquy, Vol. LVII. Upwards of seven hundred tickets have been. gold for the Manchester dinner to the Duke of WILLISG TON. The price 'two guineas ! Well - ntay the Duke of WituattoroN deny the existence of distress; hat ala• ! the Wretchedness of the many is not incompatible with the luxury of the few. MURDER OF SIMEON STUCKEY, OP CHARD, So MR R RT$ll I R ( f rom 4 COrfeoliontleil t. morning the body of this unfortunate individual was dis covered in a state of decompositiwi by acme reapers in a wheat field, shout half a mile from the spot where his hat and stick were found, evidently carried to the spot, tvhere also there are appearances of a struggle. In his pockets ware found his memorandum book, two 5!. notes, thrre sovereigns, and some silver. Hundreds 'of persons are now flocking to the spotoind an inquest will be held most likely in ths morning. I have nut time to say more, its the nail is arrived.' MARKET INTELLIGEE. JON DON 3,1 A.RKETS. (Prom the Lendun New Prirr . rpfrunt of .yedlif4 l . l o C:.'.11: t Ali- Sue:Att.—The Suvir market has hewin 11,#1,, mated state; the estimated, vales this week fire ODOM* and tees. ' The prices are eatahlisheil at Is 61 per cal; ndranee, that is fully IP . higher than on Friday lot. til, Refined Goode there is rather an improved demand, " 4 the prices area shade higher. Mi4asse4 in brisk acmes'!; th e pikes Ike rapidly. This afternoon the demand for. hi , ge and wall lumps, both far paekine anti rrashingtlio 'Pin bra, extensive, and all the parcels ready have Iwo taken off at ars advance in price of 6d. .to le. per cwtoll 3 have t lumps jn the mark to-day having been sold 7100, arid the 11 , tinera are now demanding 71g. 6d., under whicb price it would be di ffi cult at rearm t o purchast, 14 " 111 contracts having already been matte fit delirery in a fie' night or three weeks; low Prussian lumps and siolk! !naves are still neglected, and, shin:ugh Do wate4':l4o" tins has taken place in pri:es, might in many . itt4dnef* lt , ci t . hnOlo ,lii'leinid:da, be purchase.l a shale lower: for the fine GrocerYo 4 , ' there lee good deal of inquiry, but the stock in the audio is very lintised, and very full prices are obtained; for crashed fur the Mediterranean the offers this week in!' been . very nunieroitt‘ but the scarcity orgnods tatitanle id make the qualities in demand has 'confined the purshon to small parcels, the aorta most in request - being 1 0 01 3 I II? 6(1. a 325.. and middling 34r. a 355. ; the lltlurnir however, tnr the low aro demandi 325. 6.1., and ° P re. ' sent will not sell under thilt price' for fine crashed enti tled to the double refined bounty there have alsolott u l gi t ta i t e d n ''‘ein o a t ‘k i n t —y of yini t 2 ll : e l3i t r t 7i ll : rk 6 e a C lt. , a s ti n r3e d B t sp h : e i r bc e eust a t: re sbtel 'f We e: s°44; : li):l:l71 e 1" unless at a stnalladvance. Molasses main in great thill° a,acuftrttidecti.irCtst;);rsah,rtirritioLvay.tniigsmi.:.;S:ttuopg.araita.:.,—,a2nl3,che; large e h a p r o e n b l e u e :t e e s a vr tr o n o s ki i 1 s in4; lir ak i ; pl., ec if the holders would have taken the forincreurtentiy', not inclined to accept the AM ovi,ing,,."'' the else in all , ther Sugars, and the general tO01 4 ""' mand. The purchases are large meals of yellnri to Mid dling white Rios at rather higher rates ; boy sof t / al" Bahia. 26 5. The stock of Brazil' is now reduced to 190 goes vanced rates. EAST INDIA SLIGAIL—Tree Mauritius sugar Sale 01 Tuesday went 1 , 11 with briskness, and at the advance 4 111 West India Market, Is. a as. :)11 previous prices. Ah!"1,) 3,000 boxes China Sugars, 1 itely n ichdrawn from Put.iiii: A' sale, have hem all purchased by private contracts 0110,1 about 2301. The Bengal Sugars of,the Ist& 10 101 - • I N. a Is. 61 p rem . By p u blic sale this fare l :ol * bags Manilla S ugars; the great prop:ratan add 10 [wi l co ' V e E r : l, : I K IN . _ 4 l a JamaicaAT2 10 6 0 1 .1 . 1 ff : i S ee es : nr . ria)rt Bikoeyntsp. is i t: public i y; sate t h t e l til : d ::: ; ptinehettni sold at 225. 6d. o i4 s w) t t oit a l aiv i t s e k e l t t : 4l l ait i l gai n r ovs i le t l i iiis:':lrtaeiciPlantation odescriptionsJamaica ar ; s i l l s: r i : i l e n i i p r ot:e i :r s te : lo . e l: good ord. tale Br..z I, 32a. The purchases of Coir ee f t i f Dutch; 1,000 big. pod ord. St. Domi n go, 3 ' -. 4' ' and several pareel g s nad of ° }l r a d ;s 3 n 2 u s a , lt an a t t i s itt " l l l ie nt e ke rtd. ? "l. l!: public r T a h ra is ,d d es ay c;i a p t ti st o l i r n e . b.a.4‘i'' The a 1 tv sales,l India;t tt s 2 o 51:917c:hit rkrnjarelMr2caphil:ai.e!sYstlil:c'lll°':;:f higher prices; the Demerara went ofr with.htiskartit' full market prices. /tit u is little ltm , va ß ri a et A l N ; P a T o ' lD A e N s t a ) ielsi°ol.l"l..NereTv.ArdThaerile u„, rep 114 . 0 aid' t ~ - qii° wp2ait I, "nrr,e: feiilF.teicti t sics,nouiam w eek ' s alaglitaisrpiosns 80i,. h:i.....ieiperdapp.;,elEit eTAe eiarbethxlirthe r e osuala.,e i gwsatte , rr eAhilsetoti N. there eonn2..mdliT; i3iAgsal II 1. Brandy el now) i u e b a . o ....t not Ofrr n.r.fi::ua e: 747:: ::::: 0 r i:, ;:::, ~ h i:7 : a ti. , ).ct „.„ daa,lpt4cerrreaiipile:juno—mn. lion,: 03 dd. :teimi r inrie . au.drireien4 l ii:: : ,,,.l..l:t.,i,inet,l l : ll , : : : : : :i l ntb p prbqta , eiueisti o ieryirn r rritaip F tni l iyish, a : i ati.:hseiii: t ng. h igil e nte r a : :: : :::: a c t ons nmi k i s a m tki p ei t i ian :tiosp a o p ,s pitrs of; in u ere s. .lNl 6 n i K . ; a t i l l l d ep s u fo reliaos i ci r ol s :: (I) K A fr s tl li t lits Puc :" :et j : Ott • 1" . Id ewf ttneive aa ,...., :e5 .,..... :f . A didi si o,l o s : ne: ii i . 1 1: 1 10 11 : 611. 1 :: , 4 , p cs ,l4 Poti. at 33a. - : _,... =,...-..=.1.:...11...:_.,.. . riticio or f i0r5,,..5ept. 3 ., 6 , to ot o, * Iftlex Ditto "."*". ' —di Eh 7/. 7 5 . ` 0 qj OA E___,._ ................................ • • , ii . .. to , "' yam thnn, nilo-----.. oi. 0.1. t. a- to i t 01 , - -- seconds -,........,.. ill. 00 . st . 5 , to It r ' ...... al. Os. if , , . , ~ 0. ~,,„„„... al, lo►. di. 0 . 1 . t ql v;, CM' °ld Duty 111i1 3t .C104,0110._ A Kent lingt— F.miex Unto., • • PHI Cll OF 01 I" Rei f ied [tape Oil, brown N. Linseed Oil Linseed Oil Cakir 4 Lb. Mil Rape Cake, ~- - I'lt I c:iiii 1";i7 - 3r.414( Es —iedt, 3 . ..' riots/ New I'otitoesl ..„,„.. ot jot to .iUs. r•- H. . WHITECII APEI..' HAY—Milit.-------Kr-r.l-,---0j...)t)&61' ''' ''''"'•••"•• 54 Od. to Po‘. Mi. 1 t loyyr ----ALA. ( ' , • straw,: , 461, Mi. to 484. ua. It A W 1111)k: 5 . s, 41. 40 ; (1 Per Stone. a. el. to per Do me ' 11 0 4 1 . Seat Ileitura& Stireria s o Ordinary oOw M 1441111 110— 4 2 11 Ntinitet,Calf*--"" :,.-~' .: ~tf. SHEEP 0.1. to 0.. Downs --- 0 9 1 S I SKINS. ii. 4l ' Shcridiligb."'" t I PRICES OF Tanned Horse Wdes. LEATIi Per ID , lei Spanish Ditto 444.0. pet doS4 0 0; 14 9d Calf Skins.. to no ' Dit to 60 lgi , Small Saitlas IA P . , Sic. per '' Yellow et , is. oed Ornye• Good 1 , Per thitt5......50 to :Alb... 16 In Di tt0.....110 to 66114.. t tki Wooing 141 18 rine roach latdet. 16 18 Clop !tides, 35 to 401 b. 14 la to 451 b 15 171 iNtto : 19 PIIICE OF TALLOW, Si Thin 'fellow 40s. Oct Yellow tki. White _ —Ms. Rd, Soap 1)Itto tlth. fit bitto 611. PIUS_ RAW rAT, Ti o ce n or th li e llaw (as state! h.V. lhVi iii4 4 "elit '' e T2el!rice or Store lictildekt,liathCcArrtaliLl g it iopii 1 2IL I ( f.....w i1°11/* ..."."* twr this. 7s„Od. to tis. Od. 1 Moulds, 1 ,0 " ~.'d "!.'7:-•"!..n.- .,... - RIRTIIS. Chtfle i On the iRt in,t. :it York, the lady of the t ie Langdale, of a daughter. ' . ' of On t)a itt44' a t t'hY l ti l ig e whit 3 2 ;l liNas i it t ; :s n t it" .. afal i t. n al'l- 11 11:a c tu d ng fi: hV r te i We il ii:n i t -i :e c ar e : : :°11ft : It " :41:1111:i::::$:f.:1115: G. o l a lu a rn m an g d o , th or ti a lt. da r i t g L h i t n er m .. therpr, Linco: i c.r . 4 the: 'e, )1' P of r. G. Werke:utry, of a eon, utill .11 ""' . lolie On the Bil inst. Mrs. Clifton, of drowatrerti . - of a daughter. 03 the 27th ult. at Darer, the lady 0, s" h.sii., of a daughter. . . ' ' 'f° MARRIED. ~" hg r !l On the let inst. Mr. E. M. Cooper, of lt.--r! o p.! Mary, eldest daughter of the late J. Within#toPi . - Ashfield-Pendieton. iiilssh 1,0, T ° O f On the 2il lusts at- itlareton Say. Sa--'.';v4r 4 iil E.q. of 11Ituichester, to Margery, yolingi s ' '—',.. i ' r the late W. Minor, Esq., of Auilley Brove s' s - - 0 Drayton. Cie On the 2.1 inet. Mr. T. Burnell, .of U P C" o f Eliza, eldest ilaught...r of John Grow "‘1,,,• : ,,,,, foto Oa the 211 inst. at Itaineete. . I "bn '''''. ' 0 0 ' ) ' Suilbuiy, Suffolk, to 11lry, only daughter of S. Esq. of Hitebin, Herts. 'ls ' i i) DIED ,Cr c , l b ' l At Brighton, Lady . Isbells Mary . Crc , Ito &lighter of the Marquis of Exeter. 6A anoi On the Ist init. at Lewes , Sussex, F,„ti .01 1, , 0 i y eldest daughter of G. P. Parkin, E.g. a -ha it % Es e rii, On the 24th ult. at the Fier. C. R. itsns ..r Parsonage, Elizilieth, daughter of the late Nam, Lieutenant in the Royal Marine.. _p l a , of LoOinlittitteiliteeTs:dtwl.piinrri_isttiaelVtetlir!eunige.ndißrlg2. tiWo:siggireeettp,, (?),firP.ifsivoidiab,o,:l; On the 20th ult. at Acton Scott, SAN" , ~., s 10 ""1: Mies Fra n " 1 e .tO t clli o ld n o t f t 'ef.3Pi.,,tStualctk.ll:tuse.lB.,fiEtc.hqa.m, , . ._, in , , niece of the late F. Moore; Et'q., of that plsvr , Est, year of her are. , t forilr . ~ strs On the- 29th lilt. at Cptatt.l"ar,e_ FA. „OP Sophia, widow of theist. A. IthluinT,f . . er , st 1 ';`,01, On the til inst. in the bith year of 1 . _7 0 :: an d to P Town, Mr. C. T. Miller, of Coloptou. ' of Witham, Essex. ....., ' Pxzx-rxn'Axn PUBIMME D AlVitV o viz Sin: °rocs, IIZ, &loop, I,o l ll‘lll'