The Sun. — London, England, 1863-10-03 00:00:00

LOST, on the 29th Sept., at Royal-avenue terrace, Chelsea, a PLAIN GOLD RING, set open with small emeralds and (Ham onds. Whoever will bring it to No. 16, Royal-avenue-terract King's-road, Chelsea, will receive TWO POUNDS REWB DR. IVAli r r.iM'S NEW WORK, SUBTLE ✓ BRAINS and LISSOM FINGERS : Beinz, Some of ti is et isel Marks of Our Industrial and Scientific Progress, ma ybe had at all the Libraries or at any Booksellers, price 6s. By the ►lame Author, CURIOSITIES OF C IVILIZATION. Sixth Edition. Es. OUR SOCIAL BEE 3. Silxth Edition. Gs. London: Robe rt llardwicke, 192, Piccadilly. Now ready, pp., post Svo., Third and Cheap Edition, price 10s. tid., OBSCURE DISEASES of the BRAIN and MIND. By FOIIIIER. WINSLOW, M.D., D.C.L. Lond.,n : Robert Hardwicke, 192, Piccadilly. ERRNI ANN. P RESTIDIGITATF,UR.- PRINC T - E7EATIZE.—HERT, HERRMANN'S Pertormances, EVERY EVENING, at Eight. In Two Parts—as given by him in all the principal Theatres and Opera Houses of the Continent of Europe and America. The whole of the Marvellous Illusions entirely new, and invented by Herr Herrmann. Prices of admission as usual. Doors open at half-past 7. ry EATRE ROYAL DRURY - LANE. Managers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. THIS EVENING, THE DEAL BOATMAN:3Issra. G. Belmore, F. Charles; Miss 8.. Leelercq, and Mr s . Edmund Falconer. To conclude with the new and original Comedy. by Ed mund Falconer, entitled NATURE'S ABOVE ART : A Ro mance of the Nursery : Messrs. Walter Lacy, Addison. RYde r • Barrett, G. Belmore, F. Charles. Neville ; Miss Charlotte e . Saunders. Miss Murray, Miss R. L ec l ercq, Mrs. Melvin , and 3lrs. Edmund Falconer. Box-office open from Ten till Fi ve daily. Frfaes as usual. Commence at 7. THEATRE ROYAL HAY MARKET. — Open for the Season. THIS EVENING, and during the Week, to commence at 7, with AN UNUcL: v,. mR Miss M. Harris, sr.c. TAL : 31r. William Farren, After which, atto S. the new Comedy of a q uar ter ct:nt r spy FINESSE ; or, Spy : characters by Mr. Alfred Wigan, 11Ir. Clialionpend)uale,e3lr. Howe, Mr. Buckstone ; Mrs. DOlN'ton, Mies L. An el, and Mrs. Alfred Wigan. Concluding with TURNING THE TABLES. (In Mon day , Oct. 26, Mr. and Mrs. CHAS. MATHEWS will return to the London stage. N'V T HEATI-tE-R0 YAL, ADELPHI.-- Sole Pronriator and Manager. Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, at 7, TIIE TRAGEDY QUEEN: Mrs. Stirling. A t 8, the New Drama of LEAH : Miss Bateman, supported by Mr. Arthur Stirling (his 3d appearance here), Messrs. B. Phillips, Biflington, Stuart, A. sINWood, Eberne, Miss 11. Simms and Mrs. Billington. To conclude with A CTCIIING AN HEIRESS : Miss Woolg•ar and Mr. A. Wood. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE Manager, Mr. W. H. Swanborough. THIS EVENING, WHERE'S YOUR WIFE. Mr. Bel ford, Miss Simpson. Followed by (66th time) THE MOTTO, " I'M ALL THERE." Messrs. Honey, Turner, E. Danvers, Collier, Clifton ; Mesdames Ada Swanborough, F. Josephs, Maria Simpson, Wallace, and Jenny White. To conclude with TURN HIM OUT. Mr. Turner, Miss Thorne. Commence at 7. ► HE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN,' Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, can be had Every Evening of G. R. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Ilyde-park. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tltis DAY,—Morning, sh. 40m.—Afternoon, 6h. 5m To-moßaow.-Morning, 6h. 22m.—Afternoon. 6h. 46L0. The Weather—Sim Office, Oct. 3, 1863. TRERMOM ETER. 62 This day at Two o'clock Barometer-29.90. Wind—South-Westerly; light, and cloudy. t4i 4.10, 0:44164,4 til t, S 4 THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 3, ISM LONDON, SATURDAY, ocr. 3, 1863. The defeat of ROSENCRANz by the Confederates is in some respects the most disastrous incident that has yet befallen the Federal Government. It is certainly the most disastrous that has happened to them for many months past. It comes, for one thing, at this moment, as so much of an anti-climax. After Gettysburg, we were virtually assured by all the braggart organs of the North that the contest would be finished off with a rush. LEE was not only beaten, but beaten irretrievably. his army was not only driven back, but routed. Its flying columns were disorganised throughout. MEADE had only to follow up his victory with reasonable vigour, and the Confederate Commander-in-Chief was effectually done for, his army scattered, his re. putation gone, the way to Richmond cleared before the advance of the victors, President Davis re duced to a nonentity. Weeks rolled by, one of the calendar months run out, another opened up in its turn—the war was not at an end, nor'anything like it—MEADE assumed the attitude and occupied the position of anything bat a victo rious Generalisimo. LEE, it turned out, had retired in the most deliberate and leisurely way imaginable. His forces were in no respect disorganised, or even, for that matter, in the smallest degree dispirited. He simply assumed a new position, modified his plans, altered his position again upon mature con sideration—his watchful opponent, it is true, moving wherever he moved, but doin g only that : respect fully keeping at a distanc e — wa i ting for, what has not yet turned up, his opportunity. And now, while this yet continues to be the situation of the war so far as relates to the confronting Commanders-in- Chief, MEADE for the Federals, LEE for the Con. federates—come these tidings that the army of General ltosENchANz, in Tennessee, has been severely beaten in a great pitched battle of two days' duration, has been clean cut in two, has been mortally injured to the extent o f some twelve thousand men killed, wounded, and captured ! ROSECRANZ having hitherto, all this while, been, not only one of the ablest, but also one of the most fortunate and generally successful amo ng the few eminent soldiers leading the forces of M r . LINCOLN in the field. Yet now —even from Tennessee—como these tidings of a Fresh Victory, another Great Victory, as it proves to be, on the side of the Confederates! At this juncture of all junctures, these tidings have come when the Rowdy Government of the North, bespattered with the mu d into which it has been so often knocked by `-e fi e rce blows cf its Southern an. splas hed with the mere hurry scurry of tagonist, so m uc h systematic ekedaddling:(for strategic pur- P'Es !), bleeding and almost blinded with rage and punishment —was in the middle of sparring so defi antly With the most imbecile obtuseness of purpose at the two principal onlookers amon s ygethteencgraogwedd in observing Powers, not in any wa y a at England ! I n the war! At P rance, t h a t is, an d the very midst of these fl ag rant demonstrations of defiance on the p art of the Nort h against Fra nce,and against England, come from Tennessee, tidi ngs er these that the inopportunesouth tidingsn forces under BRGG proved shave ignally v i c torious , have A driven back, and cut in two the Federal array under ROSENCRANZ, have put not only 110sENCR'ANZ, himself, but BURNSIDE, who was hastening (l esilna lank-) to the aid of that now defeated brother -in" arms, in a position of fearful jeopardy. At this now turn in the events of the war, we shall he cu iou to see what will be said by that Yankee BOANERG ES of the Northern Press, MANTlArrAN— eccording to whose bouncing estimate of things in general, of late, as we recently took occasion to remark, the war was to have been regarded as already virtually at an end. How now, we should like to know, about that extraordinary mission to Europe e hunt to be undertaken by Mrs.AßETeeNcous, the President ess? MANHATTAN certainly seemed in his very last communication, at the close of hie loudest and most brazen boasting, to evidence by one passing remark, a sudden presentiment of evil —namely, whore ho spoke of the certainty of gold running up to 200 if 'Washington should chance, atter all, to b e taken by the Confederates ! A moment previously to his blurting out of that wild but ominous supposition, the talk 'of NIANHATTAN and his fellows having been all on the other side, all in regard to the possible, probable, all but certain, seizure of Richmond, and that immediately ! As certainly, now, at this mo ment, at this new turn in the course of events — just as certainly as that the tidings of the defeat of ROSENCRANZ in Tennessee must have carried dis• may to New York and Washington, so certainly these same tidings will hearten on the Southern defenders of Charleston, while strengthening the determination of the main Southern army under LEE upon the lino of the Rapidan. October The first of October is a grand day in the medico, profession, as one of the speakers affirmed on Thurs day. Mr. HEATON, of Charing Cross, declared that "any day which divided into time the brief span of all lives must needs be a memorable and even solemn one ever afterwards." It was so with that day, andthestudent would either look back to it with pride and shame as his career had been praiseworthy or the reverse. The general tone adopted by the gentlemen who delivered the addresses was a high I one, and the moral they sought to inculcate an admirable one. It is not to be expected that uni versal application would be accorded to these elo quent and stirring remarks, because in every com munity some cannot, and others will not, compre hend or care for such things. There is every reason to believe, however, that the words then uttered in reason to those entering on the profession sunk deep into many minds, and may, hereafter, be productive of good service to them in their arduous vocation. Dr. MARKHAM, at St. Mary's Paddington, made one of the most brilliant speeches. He adverted, in the first place, to the two obstacles that stood in the way of their increasing their knowledge with refer. ence to the effect of remedies over disease. One was the unreasonable opinion entertained of certain reme dies curing certain ills, and the other was the unrea sonable practice,once so prevalent,and still sometimes extant, of employing drugs where they were not required as remedial agents. Again, it had been objected by some that this was a sceptical age, and insisted on proving the truth of all systems before placing credence therein. He contested that there was ground for this determination. To investigate causes, " since the birth of the present generation of men revolutions had taken place in the sciences, alike of mind and of matter. The world had gone on with giant strides in the path of civilisation, such as centuries of former times had not beheld. Science, now subjected to her searching analysis all the opinions and eredulities of mankind. It was idle to expect, therefore, that medicine should be an exception to the rule, and escape the ques tioning of a remodelling age." There was great wisdom in thus treating the subject to the students, for no mistake can be greater for them to make, at the outset of their course, than to suppose that all they then acquire is the nc plus ultra of acquisitive knowledge. As men proceeded in their course they acquired the knowledge that is imparted to experience, whieh often fur nishes them with precious stores. Also others, pur suing the same road, are in their turn making dis coveries and testing experiments, so that progress is constantly to be made by those who are willing to do so. Dr. MARKIIA3I forcibly illustrated his argu ment by stating that it was too much their custom to prescribe drugs whether they were wanted or not. In this they were still living, as it were, in the dark ages of medicine, and he traced the spread of many quackeries to this unfortunate custom, and especially that most remarkable delusion homoeo pathy. There is doubtless considerable truth in this assertion, and it would bcl well alike for the interests of society, and the fame and fortune of the medical profession, if these strictures took effect in many quarters. Dr. MARKHANt concluded his im. pressive address by reminding his hearers that the study of medicine was a stern and rugged business. Whoever adopted it as his profession must prepare for struggles, encounter hardships, and meet with disappointments. They had the consolation of knowing that men of science did not practise quackeries. Above, all he entreated them never to let their moral sense grow dumb. They might have to choose hereafter between self-interest and ill-requited honest labour, yet let them be brave and true to their consciences, " Their success in life might not have equalled their hopes and their deserts, it was not in the power of men to ensure success, they might eves fail in the struggle ; but so long as they obeyed the voice of conscience and of duty, they might, like that knight of old chivalry, who lost all in the battle, still boast that nothing was lost, because his honour was unstained." Something of the same ele viited model was held out by Mr. HEATON at the Charing-cross Hospital. He observed that every doctor should take care in building up his character that the foundation-stones were duty towards his u GOD O D E fe a r h e a d to h student i sa neighbour. than No better durin wish his cold lifeg he might work h ar d, d o his duty, and, if need be, thatshould die bravely— " Ia some just cause, not in thine own. To perish, honoured, wept for, known, And like a warrior overthrown." Surely no better incentives could have been held ont to youthful aspirants than those here cited. The medical profession ought not to be chosen by those who are callous, indifferent men, for it is one that pre-eminently calls for feeling and demands sym pathy. Those who look on men as machines, and regard all suffering as immaterial, if only it con conduce to their discoveries and evidenca their theories, will never be true disciples of their call ing. Mr. MAUNDER, of London Hospital, empha tically expressed his conviction of the honourable nature of their profession, than which none could be higher, but " that great profession whose ministrations were not physical, and whose influence did not cease with the term of our brief mortality." At University College Dr. Rus- SELL REYNOLDS addressed the students very im pressively. He entered at some length into the various difficulties that beset the mind of the studious devotees of the profession. He advised them to appreciate and combine the two points on which many differed, one seeking to establish the uniformity of the processes of nature, and the other to discover progress in those processes. Let them look at the world, and watch the same races, and and yet the change. Families , nesswhile way place, " and the great w or ld i s over na tions have their decay, but one s un k a her took its another Vvans, t through the ages one increasing pu rpose I I doubt n o hut the great w or l d also grows"— And tile thoughts of men are widened by the process of the suns.. thus concludes his admirable ad . Dr. BEYN all ' your earnest work to dress :—." A nd- , l a stly, in our hereafter dail know the laws of life, I y and in y . ts beginning , in its troubles, contact with life —at and at its close—do a ct ' i n recognising the divinely appointed or der of all events, lose sight of that great divine plan of progress W hich will surely e d v e o e l p v e e st ti t ie vi h i. igh l e o st u good out pose in the suffering thusoutryo—ftebnusteetriy ni va o i r u a i l y _ p u t r :, of much that now seems assuage; a good i n the death you f ee bly strugglu to postpone. Regarding disease . as fraught with meaning and purpose other and higher than the mere change of organ, you eau see end bundle anti i record in your psthologiesi note-boo ; looking 0 death as the fulfilling of some greater end than can be represented in the Registrar General's returns; though often saddened, often baffled in your unequal conflict with those two great foes, you may see that they also have a work to do, perhaps, more friendly than your own." Altogether, there seems little left to desire in these numerous addresses, and much has been expressed that cannot be otherwise than beneficial to those who heard them. It will be fortunate, alike for themselves and the coming generation, whom they will hare to serve, if they follow the counsels, adopt the maxims, and choose the roads indicated to them in these lectures. If they seek honour as their pole-star to direct their course, if they are true and just in their dealings, and endeavour to alleviate as much as possible the inevitable sufferings that they must minister to, surely they may expect, even in this sad condition of existence, to reach a happy goal, and trust that, th o ey f m ot a b y er s si us i arduous e a : n d a od anxious oh eer pathway,th the hearts i t n ain an they walk in the light of Truth, which grows bright and brighter to the perfect day. This is the season for travel and excursion among all classes. Every one who can leave home for a time is glad to change the scene, whether it be for Alpine snows or gay Parisian streets, for a day's shooting among the Scottish heather, or a saunter at a fashionable watering place. With the excep tion of a few whose occupations are of too absorbing a nature to be even for a time abandoned, the three autumnal months find nobody in statu quo ; and, as every one is on the wing himself, he with sym pathetic curiosity regards the migrations of his neighbours. The movements of Royalty are usually followed with a good deal of interest, although they may only be prompted by the desire for change on the whim of the moment : but just at present there are certainly reasons why we should regard the arrivals and departures of distinguished persons with unusual attention. 'rho young heir of Eng land and his charming bride have just left the Highlands after a pleasant sojourn among the most individually peculiar but not the least loyal of their future subjects. The object of their journey south wards is especially interesting, for the young bride, who has so suddenly stepped from comparative retirement into so brilliant a position, wishes natu rally to congratulate her brother on the almost simultaneous change in his prospects. A year ago they were living amidst a quiet domestic circle, not even occupying the prominent position of the children of the ruling monarch, The magic wheel revolves, and brother and sister are alik e filli ng the thoughts and engaging the hopes and int erests of halt Europe ; the careers that open out before them are as splendid as they are fascinating, and how e ver high their hopes or great their capacities, they can scarcely eclipse the destinies which has been assigned them. The young Prince whose chance of a throne was a few months since so dim and distant is n ow an actual reigning Monarch. One of the most an cient peoples in Europe is impatiently awaiting his arrival, looking to him to reorganise a distracted state, and to revive in some degree the memory of former glories. 'rho fair young bride, at w hose joyous nuptials all the graces and good fairies seemed attendant, is naturally eager to wish her brother GOD speed on the new and adventurou s course he is undertaking. Th e P r i nce and Princess of WALES on their journey southward met an d greeted another young royal pair who are about to traverse the route they have just passed over, w he are also heirs to a throne but whose position at this moment presents a painful contrast to their ow n ' The Crown Prince and Princess of PetussLa hold indeed an honourable and responsible position. Th e y are looked up to in their own country as the har bingers of better and happier times, but at the pre sent crisis their position is by no means an envi ah'° one. Forced to look on while the perverse and weak-minded KING, urge d b y the preposterous arrogance of his incap a bl e m i n i ster, perils their own and their children's inheritance ; unable to interfer e without aggravati ng th e ev i l divided between filial respect and duty to the people they hope to govern, every stop they take must cause them perplexity and distress. The lessons of history are not wr itten so faintly that youthf u l eyes cannot read them, and our Princess at least must be enough of a politician to perceive some of th e d angers into wh i c h the rash and headstron g K ING i s plunging himse lf a nd his country. The g enera l excitement in Germa ny is heightened ju s t now b y the notable project o f a Federal executi on i n D enmark —an underta ki n g which, we may Supp ose , th e P rincess Royal a nd her husband do not look upon with very friendly e y es. Altogether, what with Russian alliances, Danish quarrels, French designs, and internal dissensions, Prussia is not just now a very suitable dwelling place for th e C rown P r i nce and his English bride. It is pleasant er t o b e t h e welcomed and honoure d guests of our graci ous S OVEREIGN than to b e co ldly looked upon in th e P a l ace of Berlin, or expecte d t o play a part whi c h i t i s i mpossible they s h o uld per form. Th e i r v i s i t to this country with their chil dren, a visit whi c h i t i s expressly stated has no definite limits, i s a t thi s j uncture a s i g nificant cir cumstance. It will b e productive, we may hope, of sincere gratification to our beloved QUEE N, who has now again besid e h er the two daughters w h o left her side, togeth er w i t h the children w h o w ill hereafter be proud to trace their descent to her and her lamented Consort. Happily, w hatever troubles threaten the land of their adoption, the old country still remains unshaken by any commot i on , and the young Princesses may well Strive to follow in their mother's footsteps when they see h o w firm is the sea t of a constitutional monarch, compared to the treacherous foundations of a despot's throne. This is a lesson which wo fear th e Ki ng of PRUSSIA will be slow to learn, and his so n h as d one w isely to quit for a time the strife he Could neither assist nor c ontrol. The contrast b etween Pruss i an m i sru l e and English content w ou ld forc ibl y i m press the mind of the young - Prin ce , an d we may hope the painful experience he is n ow ac quiring may tend hereafter to benefit himself and his aubjects. The Royal autumnal excursionists are certainly this year worthy of notice, as being indications of views and sentiments, if not events, in themselves important. AUSTRIA'S FINE ART EXHIBITION will take place on the 15th April, 1864, at Vienna. , ACIDS IN MAN, — Staphunc acid scarcely exists in the animal economy, and not at all in the bones of men in their normal state; but the fact should not be lust sight of that the bones of rickety individuals contain up to 4 per cent. of sulphate of lime. - 1 1' itt iv acid, too, forms no portion of any organic tissue ; it enters exceptionally into seine human calculi. _Hydrochloric acid enters into the composition of the gastric juice in the free state ; its phy siological f unction is to dissolve the albuminous substances and the ti ssues yielding gelatine, and to transform them into liquids which can be easily absorbed. .Phosphoric acid enters into the composition of the bones, the muscles, and nearly all the organic liquids associated with lime and mag nesia and alkaline bases. Carbonic acid and silica are the only acids that Ordinarily exist in a free state in water. Tha first forms ince,eantly in our tissues, and exists in largo proportions in our blood. The volume, however, of this acid contained in water (on the average 30 cubic cent. Per litre), is so small that one cannot think it plays any appreciable part. Vanguelin and Chevreul have found a very small quantity of silica in the hair and beard, and in wool. Fluorine makes a portion of the osseous tissue and the enamel of the teeth. _lodine and bromine especially, have ,been the subjects of much discussion, for they are powerful modificators of the animal organisation, and act in extremely minute doses, as has been shown:by the nu merous researches of past years upon the existence of these bodies in the waters and air, LATEST INTELLIGENCE. [REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.] FRANCE. PARIS, OCT. 3. The Courrier du Dimanche of to-day, in an article on the Polish question, says :—" The nego tiations between Paris and London have not yet terminated, and we can state that the essential bases of the preliminary negotiations entered into do not sensibly differ from the conclusions drawn by Earl Russell in his speech at Blairgowrie re specting the consequences of the non-execution of the treaties of 1815 by Russia." The Courrier du Dimanclie adds if, as i s probable, the negotiations have a favourable result, it would not necessarily follow that France and England would recognise the Poles as belligerents." The article cohcludes by asserting " that the French Government, always desirous of pre serv i ng n European character to the Polish question, wou ld not wish, by separating herself from Austria, t o break the concord between the Powers." a The Courrier du Dimanclie also publishes an account of the negotiations and incident s connecte d with the scheme of sending Count Walewaki, as French Ambassador to London, and adds ,s This scheme is at present abandoned, but it is believed that it will shortly be again taken up." The illoniteur of to-day says :—" The illness of Billault is nothing but a passing indisposition, w hich has never given the least Cause for uneasi- ness• J3oURSE, Oct. 2.—The operations of the fettle went have been carried on without difficulty, and the business done shows a slight improvement, Thre es, for the Account, being now at 68f. sc. gobilier has undergone but trifling variation up to the present time. Railway Share Market quiet, but pretty firm. Prices again receded towards the close, and left off as follows :- 41 per Cents .. 95 90 (331CBDIel.e.Iddrekeii:ttCsdlls e e h i n oa r n o t nr b s e o li i e tt e r hl 3 1 1 33 1 6 : 6 8 5 05 7 ; 7 5 905 Do, end m0nth....1193 s Italian Loan 73 85 Do. end month 73 90 tie Nv ditto Do. end month — Russian Austrian .. — Spanish Threes 5l 75 Home Debt iWANS. RAIL' Orleans Northern Cash. Account. 1025 .. 1027 50 992 50 - - - Neer ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 1030 .. 1005 Geneva.. Southern ...... 722 50 Western eastern Sardinian 423 75 Austrian Lowbard North of Spain Saragossa 655 652 50 Ditto to Barcelona 360 FRANCE AND POLAND. VIENNA, SEPT. 30. The latest intelligence asserts that the Emperor Napoleon made the following statement to certain persons "That, on receipt of the news of a larger insurrectionary corps having taken possession of a fortified place, and the commander of that corps possessing the talents required of a militarily educated general, he would not delay the recog nition of the Poles as belligerents for an instant." THE POLISH INSURRECTION. THORN, OCT. 3. An order of the day of the Revolutionary Town Captain of Wbrsaw, dated Ist inst., announces that the attempt upon the life of General Berg, took place by order of the National Government. This measure was adopted with the view of compelling General Berg to declare his policy of extermina tion, which he would otherwise have carried cut gradually and imperceptibly. THE BOMBAY ANI) MAURITIUS MAILS. The Vectis, with the above mails, arrived at six o'clock this morning. The mails were to leave for London at 10.30 a.m. CALCUTTA, CHINA, AND AUSTRALIAN MAILS. The Poonab, with the above mails, arrived at Malta at 9 p.m. yesterday, and sailed for Alex andria at midnight. right, brought his division into position for indepen . . _ . dent fighting, his line assuming the form of a horse shoe along the crest of a wooded ridge. He was soon joined by Granger, from Roseville, with a division of Gen. M'Cook and Gen. Steadman's division, and with these forces firmly maintained the fight until after dark. Our troops were as immovable as the rocks they stood on. The enemy repeatedly hurled against them the dense columns which had routed Davis and Sheridan in the morning; but every onset was repulsed with dreadful slaughter. Falling on one and then on the other point of our lines, the rebels for hours vainly sought to break them. General Thomas seemed to have filled every soldier with his own unconquerable firmness; and General Gran- ger, his hat torn by bullets, rode like a lion where- ever the combat was thickest. Every division com mander bore himself gloriously, and among them Generals Turchen, Hazen, and Parker especially distinguished themselves. Turchen charged through the rebel lines with the bayonet, and being sur rounded, forced his way beck again. Parker, who had two horses shot under him on Saturday, forming his men in one line, made them lie down until the enemy was close upon them, when suddenly they rose and de livered their fire with such effect that the assaulting columns fell back in confusion, leaving the ground covered with killed. When night fell, this body of heroes stood on the same ground oocupied by them in the morning, their spirits being un broken. Their losses are not yet estimated. General Thomas telegraphs (Monday forenoon) that the troops are in high spirits. He brought off all his wounded. Of the sick and wounded at Craw fish Spring, including our main hospital, nearly ail had been brought away. The number of passengers taken by the enemy will hardly surpass two thousand, besides the wounded, of whom not more than one thousand could have fallen into their hands. Of rebel pri soners we have sent thirteen hundred to Nashville. Most of our losses in artillery were occasioned by the killing of all the horses. General Thomas retired to Rossville on Sunday after the battle had closed. General Rosencranz had issued orders for all his troupe to be concentrated with the forces at Chattanooga. In the last two assaults our troops fought with bayonets, their ammunition being exhausted. The latest information that has reached this city is from Chattanooga last evening, and was to the effect that General Rosencranz would concentrate on Chattanooga last night. General Thomas had been engaged with the enemy prior to five p.m. yesterday, and it was there fore questionable whether he would be able to reach Chattanooga last night. There were indications that the enemy were con templating a demonstration on another part of our line last evening. A rebel despatch has been intercepted on the extreme front of the army of the Potomac, wherein the rebel commander of the army of Northern Vir ginia is informed from Richrocind that Bragg en gaged Rosencranz on Saturday and Sunday, cap turing twenty pieces of artillery and five hundred prisoners. A prisoner taken from Bragg's army says that Mobile has been stripped of troops for Bragg's army, and that some troops have been sent to him from Charleston. Also that troops from Lee's army were in the late fight; in fact, that the whole Con federacy seemed concentrated there for the attack on Roseneranz. The following are tb9 particulars of the battle in Tennessee on the 19th : CINCINNATI, Sept. 21. The Commercial of this city gives the folio wing account of the great battle near Chattanooga on Sa turday :—" The battle opened at 11 o'clock, in the vicinity of Widow Glens, on the road leading from M'Lamore's Cave to Chattanooga. The fighting soon became general, the rebels manoeuvring their troops finely. Eatly in the action the rebels made an impetuous charge on the famous Loomis Battery, and captured five out of six guns belonging to it. Captain Van Pelt, commanding the battery, was taken prisoner. At 2 o'clock the contest was perfectly terrific, the roll of musketry being far more continuous and deafening than at Stones River. At 2 40 p.m. our division centre was pushed, broken, and retreated in disorder. Colonel Barnett planted a battery and soon checked the pursuing enemy, who, in turn, were driven over the same ground. The division of General Davis was then driven back by the rebels with heavy loss, and every gin of the Eighth Indiana Regiment was captured ; when General Davis rallied Ms forces, and pushed the enemy back, and retook his gune. Reynolds lost heavily, but stubbornly held his posi tion, driving the enemy, but never losing his line. Palmer who was overwhelmed, tailed to get ofl his whole battery, and two guns were lost. Van Clere, although fighting gallantly, lost ground, and being overpowered, failed to regain his position. Our line was pressed severely and wavered. The rebels exulting over their apparent success, made he air resound with cheers. They advanced along the whole line, and when within fire the musketry rolled from right to left, and till 6 o'clock the fighting was terrific. General Rosencranz grew anxious,the wounded came pouring in,and the rebels kept steadily moving up to his headquarters. New forces were opposed to the enemy, and from this time till dark the battle raged with destructive fury. the action again became general until long after dark, and raged with the greatest fury. The battle thus far has been a bloody one, and our loss is heavy. Rebel prisoners say that some of their regiments are almost annihilated. Both armies occupy the same ground us when the fight began. We have captured several hundred prisoners, many of whom are from the East. We took ten guns, lost seven.'' LOUISVILLE, Sept. 21, 12.45 P.M. Oar army, under General Rosencranz, has been badly beaten, and compelled to retreat to Chatta nooga, by Bragg, with heavy reinforcements from Lee, Beauregard, and Joe Johnston. The New Orleans correspondent of the World gives the following particulars of the Federal disaster at Sabine Pass : " The expedition from this city, under Generals I Franklin, Weitzel, and Emory, consisting of some 3,000 men, 13 transports, and two gunboats (the Auzona and Crescent City, not Quaker City, as I wrote you), arrived off Sabine Pass last Tuesday. The gunboats Clifton and Sachem, which joined the expedition at the mouth of Berwick (Atcherfalga) Bay, crossed the bar first and engaged the Confe derate battery on the point. The movement was not conceived, I am told, in this department. From various sources information, supposed to be trust worthy, was obtained with regard to the armament of the Confederate battery. It was supposed to consist of two 24-pounders and two. 32- pounders, with perhaps two or three field pieces, and the work was represented to be contemptible. In fact, however, there was a very fine field work, mounting seven first-class siege guns. It is not known who was in command of the work, but he understood his business. He allowed the Sachem and Clifton to give him a number of shots, as they approached, and did not fire a gun till they were in a position, when the fire would be effective. It was terribly effective. The fourth shot from the battery went through the Sachem steam drum, and to complete the disaster she grounded. The Clifton was riddled with shot before she grounded, and Captain Crocker fired one of his guns through her machinery,as I wrote you last night. There were on board the Clifton 130 sharp shooters, selected from the 75th and 161st Regiments. After she grounded seven of the men jumped overboard and swam to the beach. Weitzel sent a neat from the banes and took them. They reported that about 30 men on board the Clifton were killed and wounded. There are no iv no means of know ing the extent of the losses of the Sachem. These two gunboats were the only ones in action. The entire affair did not last more than fifteen minutes, and the action was witneF sed by the whole fleet. The General Banks, with 500 men on board, under command of Weitzel, followed the Clifton 100 yards in the rear, and was the only transport under fire. She was uninjured. - Weitzel intended to land his men and s carry the works by land, but the tide was still falling, And the signal was made for the transports to return over the bar into the Gulf. On their way out four of the transports and the gunboat Arizona grounded on the bar. Fortunately for them the Arizona grounded above the transports, broadside on, thus presenting to the Confederate gunboats, four of which were in the -lake,. the appearance of being purposely in position to cover the retreat of the transports. The following morns.ng she got under way, and the whole fleet, excepting the lost Clifton and Sachem, left Sabine Pass. On their way through the Gulf the steamboat Laurel Hill was disabled and was towed to this city by the General Banks. Part of the transports carried their men to Baashear city, and the rest came back to New Orleans. General Gilmore has issued the following general order :-- "Department of the South, Head-quarters in the field, Morris Island, S.C., September 15. " It is with no ordinary feeling of gratification and pride that the Brigadier-General commanding is enabled to congratulate this army upon the signal success which has crowned the enterprise in which it has been engaged. Fort Sumter is destroyed. The scene where our country's flag suffered its first dishonour you have made the theatre of one of its proudest triumphs. " The fort has been in possession of the enemy for more than two years—has been his pride and boast —has been strengthened by every appliance known to military science, and has defied the assaults sf the most powerful and gallant fleet the world ever saw. But it has yielded to our courage and patient labour. Its walls are now crumbled to ruins, its formidable batteries are silenced, and, though a though a hostile flag still flout, over it, the fort is a harmless and helpless wreck. Forts Wagner and Gregg, works rendered me• morable by their protracted resistance and the sac rifice of life they have cost, have also been wrested from the enemy by your persevering courage and skill, and the graves of your fallen comrades rescued from contumely. You now hold in undisputed possession the whole of Morris Island, and the city and harbour of Charleston lie at the mercy of your artillery, from the very spot where the first shot was fired at your country's flag, and the rebellion itself was inaugurated. "To you, the officers and soldiers of this com mand, and to the gallant navy which has co-operated with you, are due the thanks of your commander and your country. You were balled upon to encounter un told privation and dangers, to undergo unremitting and exhausting labours, to sustain severe and dis heartening reverses. How nobly your patriotism and zeal have responded to the call the result of the campaign will show, and your commanding gene ral gratefully bears witness. " Q. A. GILMORE, Brigadier-General, Commanding." Celebrities of the American War — Photographed. We have before us, in a single portrait-carte, says a writer in the Spectator, 52 photographic heads of modern American generals and civilians, some Northern some Southern, with Washington's. calm old-fashioned face looking gravely out of the 18th century at us in the centre. Here, within the space of an ordinary carte, are congregated the head that have brewed this storm, so that, sitting quietly at home, we can pierce at 52 distinct points the white mist or words and names which hangs over that American chaos, It is often exceedingly question able whether the mere vision of a public man's face, not previously or otherwise known to us, is likely to add to our positive knowledge of him, or rather to give us a false impression about him. Here, for example, is a photograph of a three-quarter face, contemplative, serene, Shakesperian, with the collars turned back, with moustache but no beard, exceedingly like the better likenesses of Shakespeare in its upper portion, showing a placid brow and heavy brooding eyelids, only a thinner and, perhaps, ungenial month. To which of the American Generals do our readers suppose that it belongs? To General Lee or General M'Clellen ? No; but to General Butler. Here is a civilian face —solemn, didactic, important, still young, bat going in for "judiciousness," the kind of face which one is accustomed to see in men who deprecate in discreet theories, and school those still younger, telling them that they will learn by sad experience to take wiser views in time. Do our readers sup pose it must be Mr. Chase or Mr. Memminger, big with financial caution ? No ; but Mr. James Gor don Bennett, the editor of the most discreditable paper in the world, and who is commonly said to have compensated himself once for a severe chas tisement by telegraphing to his own journal a frank " sensation" heading as to the stripes he had received, which sold the edition. Then there is an amiable, weak, confused, woolly-headed look ing military bust, with fat cheeks and head narrow ing towards the top, eminently a " worthy" young officer not likely to distinguish himself. it is " Stonewall" Jackson. Hera, again, is a grave, square, open countenance, speaking a frank heart, an earnest devotion to freedom, and the compressed resolve to maintain it at the sacrifice of life. This, surely, must belong to a Northerner of the squarest Republican type. It is the face of John C. Breck inridge, the last Southern candidate for the Presi dency. Certainly, in none of these cases does the picture of the countenance and bearing suggest any addition of value to one's knowledge, though it may perhaps break the chain of former associations. On the other hand, there are som e heads, generally either the most powerful or the reverse, which it is a permanent satisfaction to have identified in one's mind with the career which has expressed it. Here is the head of Mr. Jefferson Davis, with an imperial eye that seems to see the future and control it, and a mouth strong, thin, com pressed, half-ascetic, like Father Newman's, speak ing of vast power of self-denial for distant ends, but with a shadow of cynicism and intrigue just hanging about it, that tells a nature not incapable of breaking faith. Here is Mr. Lincoln, honest above all things, not keen, but shrewd, logical as a Scot, anxious as a Yankee, with a sad humour, and a strong touch of coarseness,—not a fine face, not a face at its ease, but trustworthy in the highest degree, and, for the rest, something between a farmer's and an artizan's (too shrewd for the one, too safe for the other) after be has cleaned himself on Sunday morning. Again there is a satisfaction in connecting this clear-eyed courtly Vandyck-face with General Lee ; this very industrious, painstak ing face which suddenly falls away to nothing, with the Confederate General John stone who has always been going to relieve every place of importance and has never relieved any ; in learning that this sweet and poe tical profile belongs to the Federal Lieut. Mulligan, whose noble defence of Lexington, in Missouri, against overwhelming Southern forces, was one of the greatest exploits of the war; in knowing that refined and manly head to be Governor Sprague's, of Rhode Island, who fitted out a regiment at the commencement of the war at his own sole expense. Mr. Slidell and Mr. Mason, too, look quite as dis agreeable as one could wish. Mr. Slidell is the ideal of a man who would think it a privilege to get into a scrape himself if he could only iuvo ye his host and patron too ; Mr., Mason, more of the bull- dog, ready to fasten on friends and foes alike. The most peculiar intellectual satisfaction, however, arises from knowing that this would-be strong, essentially weak, conceited, face run to seed, with hair a little bristled and the whole attitude breath ing " Our War Correspondent, Mr. Jefferson Brick" as an adult, belongs to Mr, Secretary Seward LORD LYNDHURST.—We are sorry to learn that Lord Lyndhurst, who arrived at his house in George-street from 'Tunbridge-wells, in the early part of the week, has, since his arrival, been in a weak state of health, but at pre sent no danger is apprehended.. " GOD BLESS .TIIE PRINCE OF WALES" has now taken the position of a national song. It was sung recently by 5,000 children at the Crystal Palace. But Mr. Sims Reeves' energetic delivery has been alone worth all the choruses in making the song popular, and touching the loyal and sympathetic feeling of the people. Mr. Sims Reeves has had a royalty of sixpence on each song sold, besides the handsome bonus of 2..:100 from Messrs. Cocks, the publishers of the song. SIR JAMSETJEE JEEJEEBHOY, Bart., has handcd to Government the sum of 100,003 rupees (L 10,000), for building a new college at Poona. Taint• tralbro imapt, „ 414 BER MAJESTY. BALMORAL, Oct. 1. The Queen, accompanied by Prince Louis of Hesse, drove out yesterday moruing, and her Ma jesty again drove in the afternoon to the Balloch buie. accompanied by Princess Helena, and attended by Lady Churchill. The Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse rode on horseback. The Prince and Princess of Wales dined with her Majesty. The Judge Advocate. General, ths Right Hon. T. E. Headlam, arrived at the Castle yesterday, and had an audience of her Majesty. His Imperial Highness Prince Napoleon and suite left the Clarendcn Hotel last night, and proceeded to Paris via Dover. PRINCE NAPOLEON and suite yesterday visited the establishment of Mr, D. Brucciani (Formatoro to tho British Museum), Great Russell-street, Covent-garden, and expressed great satisfaction at viewing his extensive collection of works of art. The Earl of Lincoln arrived in town yesterday evening from Newmarket. The Earl and Countess Russell, Viscount Am berley, and Ladies Russell arrived yesterday at Minto House, near Hawick, on a visit to the Earl and Countess of Minto. On leaving Mint° House the noble earl and countess will continue their journey southward. The Earl and Countess of Erroll are expected to arrive at their residence in Gratton-street to-day from Slaines Castle, Aberdeenshire. The Lord Bishop of London and Mrs. Tait were last week the guests of the Lord Bishop of Bangor, at tho Palace, Bangor. They have since been staying with Colonel and Lady M. L. Douglas Pennant, at Penrhyn Castle, near Bangor, and are now the guests of the Hon. W. 0. Stanley, at Penrhos, Holyhead. THE INDIAN PRINCE, lATYENDRA NATII JAGORE, has recently ascended Mont Blanc. MR. JOHN LEECH, the popular artist, has gone or a holiday to Homburg. MGR. DEBELAY, ARCHBISHOP OF AVIGNON, expired on Sunday evening, in the 64th year of his age. The deceased retained all his faculties to the last, and died so tranquilly that those present were not aware when ho breathed his last. Why has Mr Sergeant Shee been. Passed Over 3 [We would particularly direct attention to the subjoined remarks which appear in to-day's number of the Law Times. Coming, as they do, from a professional organ of so much ability and of such well-known independence, they will be regarded,we doubt not, by Mr. Sergeant Shee himself as a tri bute not unworthy of his acceptance. Beyond what has here been said, so very sensibly and so very rea sonably, by our legal contemporary, we ourselves are perfectly well satisfied that the surprise, and regret, and even chagrin, caused by this discourteous pass ing over of a man as distinguished and popular as Mr. Sergeant Shee, whose claims to a seat on the bench have been so long and generally reeognised, will not be confined to the profession alone, but will extend beyond the profession to men of all creeds and all parties.—En. Sun.] Mr. Sergeant Pigott has received the office that was, by the whole profession, desired for Mr. Ser geant Shee. Except that he was M.P. for Read ing, the new Baron of the Exchequer had no claim not enjoyed by the man to whom all fingers pointed, as the man having the best title. We have no ob jection to make to the new Judge ; on the contrary, be is quite competent, and must have attained the honour in due time, but it was not his turn now ; Mr. Sergeant Shee had a better title, and should have been preferred. It is said that his religion stood in his way; that he is ostracised because he is a Roman Catholic. For the credit of a Govern ment calling itself Liberal, we hope it was not thus. If so it was, what becomes of our boasted tolera tion ? Religious liberty is based upon the principle that a man's religion is solely a question between himself and his God, and that no other man has a right to question it in any way, or directly or in directly to subject him to any disability or annoy ance on account of it. If Mr. Sergeant Shee, having every professional title to a jugeship, is thrust aside because he is a Roman Catholic, inasmuch as no other is likely ever to have a better claim, his rejection is, in fact, a proclamation by the Govern ment that Roman Catholic lawyers shall in Eng land be excluded from the Bench. Most deeply is such a decision to be lamented, not merely for the present loss of an ornament to the judgment-seat which it entails upon us, but for the indignity to which it subjects a numerous section of our brother lawyers. MOLDO-WALLACHIA. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR, —Having in your impression of the 28th ult. in serted a letter concerning the Greek monasteries of Moldo- Wallachia, you will perhaps kindly allow me to add some details upon a subject which has already called for the in terference of English diplomatists. At the close of the year 1859 Prince Couza became Hospo dar of Moldo-Wallachia, and early in the following year we find him with apparent goodwill proeeeding to carry into effect the regulations laid down by the 13th protocol of the Paris Conference for the regulation of the differences exist ing with regard to the Greek monasteries. On the 22d of January, 1660, the Minister of Public Worship of Jassy addressed a note to the Representatives of the Holy Places, requesting them to inform the Greek communities which they represented that the respective Governments of Jassy and Bucharest had decided that "all the Greek communi ties to which any of the Roumain monasteries of the Princi palities are dedicated shall be invited to send delegates to represent them to the Government of the United Principali ties. These delegates are to come provided with the acts of the founders upon which the claims of the Greek com munities are based, and must be empowered to treat of everything that concerns the regulation of the dedicated monasteries." As the term of a year prescribed by the 13th protocol for the arrangement by a commission of arbitrators, would ex pire in the following September, the Minister of Public Worship requested the heads of the convents to hasten the departure of the delegates. On the same day a similar note was despatched by the Minister of Public Worship at Bucharest to the representatives of the Holy Places. On. the 25th of January, M. Negry, agent of the Principaliti©a at Constantinople, addressed a note to the Patriarchs and the Greek communities, praying them to hasten the de parture of the delegates, On the 10th of March, 1860, the Greek communities informed M. Negry that their deputies were ready to set out for Bucharest. On the 20th of June, Prince Couza published an ordinance, naming three com missioners on the part of the Principalities to treat with the deputies of the Holy Places. On the 23d of June, the Minister of Public Worship addressed a note to the depu ties of the Holy Places, appointing the 3d of July for the. first meeting of the commissioners. So far everything seemedvery straightforward. B u t on of July, july,we'the representatives o f th e guarantee i ng C o nstantinople, addressi ng a note to the Sublime p h o i n which after reciting the p aragrap h of the 13thptproe:re protocol, oe cr,os at bearing reference to the Greek monasteries, they add ter 4 , It appears from what we have learned that the Go vernments of the two Principalities, without awaiting a, solution of the question in dispute after the manner laid down in the protocol, have taken resolutions that falsify the spirit of the arrangement agreed upon by the great Powers. It is on that account that the undersigned pray the Ottoman Government to please remind the Govern ments of the Principalities, after whatever manner seems fitting, of their proper duty concerning this question, and let them know the unanimous opinion of the representa tives; of the five Powers at Constantinople in this regard." There can be no stronger condemnation of;Prince Couza's conduct than this immediate interference on the part of the representatives of the great Powers.—l remain, sir, your obedient servant, A LOVER OF FREEDOM. TIIE LORD CHANCELLOR is said to be employed on a grand scheme for consolidating and amending bank ruptcy law. SIR E. B. LYTTON ON FORMS OF GOVERNMENT.— If I were an American, 1 should regard as the worst affliction that could befall my country the substitution for democracy, with all its faults, of a constitutional monarchy, with all its merits ; because my countrymen would have been accustomed to associate their elementary ideas of liberty with republican institutions. So, being an English man, I should regard it as the worst affliction that could befall my countrymen, to substitute for constitutional monarchy a democratic republic , because all their habits of mind are formed on the notion that liberty, on the whole, is safer, and the dignity of We is higher, where the institu tions essential to the duration of constitutional monarchy make the representatives of the public interests other than the paid servants of a class that must of necessity be the least educated and the meat exciteable,--.Blacku•ood's Jilagqzine, AMERICA. REUTERS EXPRESS. DEFEAT OF ROSENCRANZ, The following are the latest despatches from the army of General Rosencranz in Tennessee : ASIIINGTON, Sept. 22. According to the official despatches received here, dated as late as five o'clock yesterday afternoon, General Rosencrans had information that Long street's corps had reinforced Bragg before the battle of Saturday, and it was subsequently stated by deserters from the rebel army that Ewell's corps had also come to his assistance. A telegram was received here to-day from the officer in command at Chattanooga, which speaks in the most encouraging terms of the general result of the actions on Saturday and Sunday, in which, ac cording to his representations, the Union army achieved a subsequent success, th e enemy losing the most in killed, wounded, &c. The fact that General Rosencranz was not sooner reinforced is certainly not the fault of the Govern ment ; but there is no doubt that every effort is now making to increase his strength by reinforcements from more than one direction. The Star and National Republican in their late editions this afternoon, have accounts evidently derived from cflicial sources. The longer one, from the Evening Star, is as follows : On Saturday, the 19th, a demonstration was made by the rebels in stron g force, which appears to have been repelled by the force under General Thomas, with the ad vantage on the U n i on s id e. On Sunday an e ngagement commence d l ate in the morning. Th e —rat gun was fired at 9 a.m., but no considerable ring took place until 10. Previous to 10 o'clock General Rosencranz rode the whole length of our line. Soon after, the battle commenced. General Thomas, who held the left, began to call for reinforcements. About 12 o'clock word came that he had been forced to retire. The second line of reinforcements were then sent to him, and M'Cook's whole corps , w h i c h was on the right and as a reserve in t h e centre, was sent to his assistance. G eneral A V oo d, of Crittenden's corps, and Van Cleve who held the front centre, were also ordered to th e l e f t , w here the fury of the cannonade showed th a t th e e nemy's force was massed. Their places were filled by Davis and Sheridan, of General 111‘Cook's corps. But hardly had these divisions taken their places in the line, when the rebel tire, which had slackened, burst out in im mense volleys upon the c e ntre. This lasted about 20 minutes, and then Van Cleve, on Thomas' right, was seen to give way, but in tolerable order ; soon after which the lines of Sheri dan and Davis broke in disorder, borne down by the enemy's columns, which are said to have consisted of Pi-;:k's corps. These two divisions were the only divisions thrown into much disorder. These of Negley and Van Cleve were thrown into confusion, but soon rallied and held their places, the first on the left and the second on the right of Thomas' corps. Davis and Sheridan, late iu the day, suc ceeded iu rallying about eight thousand of their forces and joined Thomas. Gen. Thomas, finding himself out off from the ye, rei am Eh( £1 ficc 10( Co 3 pi 3 pi Ne• Ne Bai