The Sun. — London, England, 1830-02-03 00:00:00

PIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. _~._ n ~- ol lie other efforts which have been made, ana made "successfully, (as we think will appear befdre:long), to dissuade Parliament from tam p'ering.,with the currency of the realm, now in a state of soundness and security, there has just been, added a little pamphlet, entitled, Remarks on the Question of again permitting the issue of One-pound Notes by the Bank of England, and also by Country Banks. To our judg ment, and with our sentiments on the subject of a forced paper-currency, the real - difficulty for a writer on the above question seems to be, that of saying what, if true, any man of sense in this country would not, after the experience of the last thirty thirty years, be apt to consider an e!ementary instruction for children ; or if on the wrong side of the question, what such a man must not at once pronounce to be palpably re volting and absurd. The author of the pam• phlet alluded to has had the former embarrass ment to contend with ; and in proving (what he has proved beyond all controversy) the mischief of a return to one-pound notes,—either those of the Bank of England or of the country bankers, or of both,—has not aimed at bringing forward much of what is entitled to the name of novelty; while, at the same time, he has so divided and arranged his subject as to produce, by dint of lucid order and perspicuity, an interesting and attractive essay. After a general introduction, he proceeds to treat of Ist. The issue of one-pound notes by the Bank of England. 2d. Of their issue by country bankers. 3d. Of the effect of them in the event of war. 4th. Of their influence if we remain at peace; and lie concludes by some additional observation?. There is one motive which weighs with us very powerfully to abstain from entering again upon the currency question, and one of which the value is common to us with the better portion of our readers, being our own conviction that no attempt will be made or countenanced by his Majesty's Ministers, to revive, in a greater de gree than it now exists, a paper circulation throughout England. Keeping in mind the noise and pertinacity with which, and the quar ters from which, a debasement of the circulating medium has for months past been dinned into the ears of the King's Government, as the only measure capable of saving the empire from ruin, we feel assured that equal spirit and prudence have been evinced by his Majesty's servants, in their unhesitating rejection of a proposal which might have smoothed the pillow of office for a short time, but would have sown it ever after wards with the thorns of anxiety and remorse.— Times. Is the county of Hants, of which the Prime Minister is himself the Lord Lieutenant, and, therefore, a doubly influential personage, rather strenuous efforts are making to prevent the hold ing of a Public Meeting on the present state of general distress. If the Hampshire Squires and their tenantry have " driven their cattle to a bet ter market" than their neighbours, they would act wisely in hoarding their gold, and holding their tongues. But this we have pretty good rea son for knowing is not the case. Our own Agricultural Report comes from that part of the world, and depicts, in colours not more strong than true, a situation of things which shows that it is not any exemption from the general lot which freezes up, " like words congealed in northern air," the tongues and lips of the people of this county. It is stated, we see, in a letter in the last Hampshire Chronicle, " that the Grand Jury, at the Sessions (understanding that the Magistrates had declined to act on en treaties made to them on the first day of the Sessions by some considerable landholders, as to a representation of the distressed state of the county),. presented a memorial to the Chairman, praying that he would use his in fluence to obtain a meeting of the county, to petition for a repeal of the malt tax. But even this humble effort of the Grand Jury met a very cool reception, and was returned to the Fore man with an admonition that it was ill-timed and ill-judged, with a declaration that, though he (the Chairman) would feel gratified by a re peal of the malt tax, he did not think this a time and place to set it on foot !" Whether the Duke of Wellington will be pleased with this courteous indisposition to embarrass his Government we know not ; we can only say that an honest Minister (which we hope and are de sirous of believing his Grace to be) must be anxious to learn the truth, and, instead of being pleased, must rather be offended with the offi cious zeal of those who would make him a party to a system of deceit and delusion. What the Chairman, and those of whom he is the organ, can mean, by stating that a periodical assembly of the Magistrates and the yeomanry of the aunty, in the county town, is not the time or place to set on foot a requisition for a public meeting, we are at a loss to divine. Had the object been of a different description, we, some what perhaps uncharitably, suspect that none of these doubts and difficulties would have arisen ; but that the well-trained worshippers of the powers that be, in which this county, according to Mr. Cobbett, who knows them well, has never been wanting, would have deemed both the time and place the vary best possible for renewing their devotions at a shrine on which, if report is to be believed, their offer ings have not been idly thrown away. No per son of any sense can doubt but that the Ma gistrates, and other influential persons in a county, are precisely those who are called upon to take the lead at such a crisis. The very act of throwing back the middling and lower ranks of people upon themselves is the surest way to aggravate their distress, and turn it to despair. It is also the surest way to open the door to art ful demagogues, who will turn that distress and slespair rather to the account of their own love of mischief than to the means of cure. Unless, indeed, the Chairman and• Magistrates of Hampshire are wiser in their generation than their neighbours, their very resistance to the example of surrounding counties—this act of united arrogancy and subserviency — will have a very different effect from what they anticipate. In the two adjoining counties of Berks and Sussex the very thing has been promptly and readily done which the Hamp shire Magistrates have refused to promote o r join in ; and we are quite sure that those who know the kind and liberal feelings of his Majesty will be convinced that the King will not think the worse of the Nobility, Gentry, and Magistracy of the county in which he resides, for taking that lead in expressing the public opinion upos the state of public affairs which those who live under the auspices of the First Lord of the Treasury seem afraid to take. Be this as it may, no effort to stifle the public voice can or ought to prevail. General distress, like the swollen waters of a river, has become too great to be repressed. Either it must have vent through one channel, or it will find it through another ; and it is, therefore, more especially the duty of those who watch over the public peace and safety to direct the current into the line which is least likely to produce mischief or de solation.—Morning Herald. A Morning Paper asserts that there can be but little interest in the matter of the King's speech which is to be delivered on Thursday next. We do not know whether it will, or will not, be interesting ; but the circumstances of the country are assuredly such as to attach interest to it. His Majesty's Ministers, we believe, do not know very well what they ought to do in the present crisis, and are, in all probability, more inclined to wait the expression of the will of the Legislature than to propose a remedy of their own ; and if such be the case, the King's speech will indeed be an uninteresting document. We are apt to imagine, however, that the Duke of Wellington has been looking about him during the recess, and that although nothing has yet been said on the subject, some measure, having for its object a remedy for the decaying industry of the country, will be proposed for the sanction of Parliament. In the meantime we can dis tinctly assert, that the Cabinet has adopted no resolution adverse to a return to the currency which existed previous to 1826 ; and we have, in consequence, no doubt that a return will be made to it. The Duke of Wellington is not pledged against it ; and Mr. Huskisson, who will join the Cabinet in a few months, more than intimated, during the last Session, that the coun try could not go on, in its present reduced cir cumstances, without an additional issue of paper. Morning Advertiser. A Correspondent, who speaks, we believe, the sentiments of the greater part of the secondary class of Landholders and the Yeomanry through out England, almost reproaches us for merely advocating the Commutation of Tithes, instead of their entire abolition. He calculates the amount of tithes now levied by the Clergy of the Establishment, after all deductions, at be tween six and seven millions ; and observes, as the share (now equal to one-third of the rent) of the Clergy is constantly increasing, the time will soon arrive when they will receive more from the soil than the landlords. He contends that as no further improvement can be made in religion, it is now time that we should enjoy the benefit of the labours of the learned and ingenious men who have been allured by the rich rewards of the Church to dedicate them selves to the Church, and have left nothing for their successors to accomplish. Ile observes, that in the parish in which he lives the Vicar, who resides at a distance of five miles, receives 6001. a year for reading the service and a ser mon every Sunday, the only time the flock see him or wish to see him, and that the same duty can be efficiently performed every whei e for a very small Wm ; and he proposes that 500,0001. a year should be set apart out of the produce of the tithes, for the performance of religious duties, the remainder being appropriated to the allevia tion of the rational burthens, always allowing annuities to the present incumbents. The time for this reduction is not yet come, but we fore see that it is not far off We should be alarmed at the prospect, were we not satisfied that re ligion is always more in danger from wealth than from poverty, and that, happen what will, it is impossible that any change can take place which will not make the, English Clergy more accepta ble to their flocks, and consequently more useful than they are at present. Indeed, when a church becomes poor, the clergy arc but too apt to run into the extreme of excessive zeal in the dis 'charge of their pastoral duties. This is one of the faults found with the French clergy since the Revolution. Jean Paul Courier, in his petition to the Chamber of Deputies to allow the vil lagers to dance on Sundays, as they had been accustomed to do, observes, that " the young priests, in their pacific functions, are much less prudent and discreet than the old. I have already mentioned, gentlemen, one good Cure of Veretz, who seems a fattier in the midst of us ; but the priest of Azai, who has been succeeded by the seminarist, had not less moderation, and was in like manner the father of all his parishioners, sharing their joys and their sorrows, their diffi culties as well as amusements ; seeing with sa tisfaction young men and women dancing, and especially on the Place; for he wished it to be there rather than any where else, observing, that evil was seldom done in public. Hence he thought it was much better that the rendezvous of young girls and their lovers should be on this place rather than elsewhere—rather than in the wood or in the fields, in solitary places, as will happen when our fetes shall be altogether suppressed. He was far from demanding that suppression, or from ranking dancing in the number of mortal sins, or recurring to power to disturb innocent pleasures. For, said he, these young folks ought to see and become acquainted with each other before marriage, and how can they meet in a more fit place than when they are under the eyes of their friends, their relations, and the public—a sovereign judge in matters of propriety and respectability ? Thus reasoned this good Cure, regretted by the whole district —a worthy man, if ever there was one, irre proachable in his morals and his conduct, as are also, in truth, the young Priests, the successors of the old ; for nothing can be more exemplary than their lives. The Clergy do not live now as they didformerly, but display in every thing a regularity worthy of the Apostolic times. Happy effect of poverty ! Happy fruit of the persecution suffered at that grand epoch when God visited his Church. It is not one of the least of the advantages we owe to the Revolution, that we see not merely the Curates—an order who in all times were re spectable—but the Bishops, leading moral lives." We are aware that it is not pretended that a rich establishment is advantageous to religion ; but that a rich establishment is a powerful en gine at the command of Government, and a means for preventing the decay of the Aristo cracy. It is often said that it is the same thing to the people whether as large a share of the produce be consumed by clergymen as by lay men ; but it is never said that religion does not lose by the connection with wealth. But the religious consideration is the last which would be attended to. Were the State unembarrassed, it would be idle to expect that the Aristocracy would consent to the abolition of tithes, or to any plan for placing the Clergy in a condition more nearly resembling that of the Apostles.— But we live in an age when the State is threat ened with convulsion, from the inability of the people to bear their burdens. We live in an age when the great landowners have even dared to broach the words robbery and spoliation—to threaten a war between the Laud and the Funds—and even the pittance which the fruga lity of a parent or a husband has secured in the Public Stocks for the orphan and die widow.- . If the distress is such as it has been represented, ;Nile necessities of the State demand instant retrenchment that we may escape revolution. we must be guided in our retrenchments by the public exigencies. Property of all kinds must, of course, be held sacred. We require soldiers and sailors for our protection from foreigners, and magistrates and executioners to protect us from each other. Without these society cannot exist. An establrshment for religion is less necessary because religion is a want which men may safely be trusted with supplying for themselves. In this country, two-thirds of the inhabitants reject the aid of the Church, but we do not find them less indifferent to religion than those who belong to the Establishment. In America there is no establishment whatever, but abundance of religion. In case then it be necessary to make sweeping retrenchments and reductions to preserve the Monarchy and the Constitution, there can be no question that, be fore laying hand on property secured by law, the tithes ought to be made available to the public exigencies. We close our observations with the following quotation from the Dublin Evening Post, which paints to the life the dreadful hypocrisy engendered by the present state of the Establishment:— " We have been favoured with a copy of the pe tirion of certain Protestants in the Diocese of Ferns and the county of Wexford, praying for a more just and equitable distribution of Church Property, and for au alterivion in the Ecclesia , tical Courts. The petition is signed by two hundred respectable and independent Protestants, and, in fact, by every one professing the Creed of the Established Church, with the exception of those alone professionally connected with its abuses. It is drawn up on the principles of Lord Mountcashel's petition, and there can, we think, be little doubt that it will be very generally imitated in other parts of Ireland. " There is great alarm among the Pluralists, and the Bishops are preparing their charges. The alarm among the former will continue, but the charges wiil not produce the effects they did last year. The Bishops cannot at present affect to bamboozle even the poor and desperate straggling Bruns ivickers you meet occasionally rani in gurgite nantes, on danger to the true religion from Popish equality. The Ca tholics are in every thing the equal of the Protestants at present, but, be it remembered, that the present cry of Reformation does not come from Catholics. It is a Protestant call ; so that the Bishops will first have to convince the Protestants of Ireland that it is good that the Bishop of Derry should have 25,000/. a year, and a working Curate should have but 701. Every Protestant in Ireland, of pure mind and upright spirit, will hail the practical com mencement of such a reformation with delight. But we are told by the Bishop of Ferns, that the Pro testant Hierarchy themselves are, and have been for many years, actually engaged in the good work. Very well. A glorious opportunity is now af forded the Archbishop of Dublin to evidence the truth of this assertion. The Union of Dungans town, held by the late Dr. Daltrea, is now vacant. There's our old friend, Morty O'Sullivan, who fought like a Turk for the Second Reformation, and held the post which we hold in the Third, as standard-bearer of the Evangelicals. We laughed at Murry, and amused ourselves occasionally with wondering at the solemity of his face and phrase in advocating that splendid humbug. Nut so the Archbishop of Dublin. He was loud and long in his panegyrics upon the Reverend Mortimer. We told the latter often enough, that with all his exer- dons, either as a Saint ciia Brunswicker, he would not get a living—he was not of the Elite—and he had not the good fortune to be united in the bands of holy wedlock with a Bishop's daughter. We have not hitherto been erroneous in our prediction 3.— Here, however, the Archbishop of Dublin will af ford the crowning test to our prophetic accuracy.— With all his zeal in preaching, pamphleteering, para graphing, and puffing, Mortimer will remain pre cisely where he is, keeping school in the North,and the light of this great luminary will be suffered to go out in obscurity, though Doctor Magee might, if he pleased, place him on one of the delightful emi nences in Wicklow, whence his rays might be dif fused to the whole benighted region around him.— Oh ! no. It is one thing to say that you are a very clever and meritorious fellow, in our best churches, and another to pass over your sons, or sons-in-laws, or:nephews, or cousins—or their wives, or any of your generation."—Morning Chronicle. LOSSES AT SEA. LOSS OF THE BRIG NELSON, OF LIVERPOOL. The Calcutta Papers, received by the Ontario, contain an account of the loss of this vessel, and of the subsequent preservation of the crew, from the pen of Captain Laughton. The following is the Captain's account of the voyage across the Bay of Bengal in a frail boat : " Having not more than 15 gallons of rain-water left (and fearing the savages would collect from the of her islands and attack us when sufficiently strong), we found our situation worse than can be described, Rot only from dread of the savages, whom we sup posed to be cannibals, from the account we had heard, but the prospect of perishing for want of water ; and, under this impression, we conceived our hest plan would be to place ourselves in the Lands of that gracious Providence, who had hitherto so kindly supplied our wants, and endeavour, in our boat, to make the western side of the bay, or the Pilot's Cruising Station, as the readiest way of making our misfortunes known, in preference to at• tempt making any port to the eastward ; and all hands immediately began working on the boat to prepare her for our perilous undertaking. The boat being soon finished as far as our limited resources would permit, we took our provisions and all the water we had left, being only 12 gallons, and at six p. in. all hands embarked and left the island, setting the sails I had made out of the main top-gallant sail, and steering W.N.W. during the night. Our num ber was 14, including Mrs. Laughton, and the boat only 20 feet in length, five feet six inches in breadth, and two feet in depth. " June 11th, 15th, and 16th, we had fine weather, making a NW. W. course throughout from our starting. " June 17.—1 t commenced blowing hard, in creasing to stormy gales, with heavy sea and con tinual rain, which obliged us to keep under a close reefed mainsail, and made our situation miserable beyond expression. " June 18.—At three a. m. shipped a heavy sea, which nearly filled the boat, and placed us in im minent danger of foundering. We immediately commenced lighting her by throwing overboard all the clothes we hail saved, indiscriminately, and also such other articles as we stood least in need of, and succeeded in baling her out, which, from our cramped and confined situation, was at all times a difficult job. " June 19 and 20.—The same weather as on the 17th and 18th. On the afternoon of the 20th it moderated, and enabled us to set the foresail close reefed with four reefs in it. " June 23.—At noon obtained a sight of the sun, being the only observation we had been able to get since the 15th; found the latitude 19. 35. N. At 30 minutes past noon, saw a ship (supposed to be the David Clarke) about eight or nine miles to wind ward of us; we hoisted our signal, but it was not observed by them. " June 24.—At daylight perceived the water had changed colour, and made a substitute for a lead with some of the carpenter's tools, with which we tried for soundings, but got none. At noon, no ob servations. The fish having left us, which had been in great numbers the preceding days, we conclude we were drawing near the Sand Heads. The wind not allowing us to lay higher than N.W. by N., with a heavy sea, we found that we had not made more than 40 miles during the last 24 hours. 7r: " June 25.--Blowing very hard all day from W. by S., which prevented us carrying more than our close reefed sails, and not even them at times, the sea continually washing over us. At noon, no ob servation. Again tried for soundings without effect. Our boat now became very leaky, and our anxiety of mind increased accordingly. The people, from con tinual exertion and our extreme privations and fa tigue, were nearly exhausted, and scarcely able to hoist one of our small sails, which we were obliged to hoist and lower several times in the course of this day, in consequence of hard squalls we experienced at intervals. Feeling convinced we were approach. ing the Pilot Station, at 5 p.m. I ordered the grap. nel and rope to be cleared and bent ready for letting go. Night coming on, all hands were anxiously , looking out for light. At 11 p.m. we faintly per ceived it bearing E.N.E. At midnight we saw it quite plain, and our feelings at this time may be better felt than described, after performing a most perilous passage across the Bay of Bengal, at the most inclement season of the year, in a small weak boat, to see what we knew to - be a friendly beacon, and the idea of succour being so near us exhilarated our feelings beyond expression. We now lowered our mainsail and stood towards the light. " June 26.—At threit a.m. got up to the light vessel, hailed them, and stated who we were and our distress; but not being able to fetch up along side, we let our grapnel go. The captain of the brig, seeing our situation, and having no other means of saving us (from the severity of the weather), with the greatest presence of mind, promptitude, and humanity, cut his cable and drifted to leeward of us, at the same time hailing us to cut from our grap nel, set the foresail, and come tinder his lee. We immediately did so, and at half-past three got along side; but from our debilitated state, we were ob liged to be hoisted on board, which was done with the greatest attention to us. She proved to be the Flora (pilot-vessel), Mr. Fabian (pilot), commander, from whom we received every kindness and attention that humanity could suggest or our unfortunate situation re quire; and also from Mr. Williams, of the Ho nourable Company's civil service, a passenger on board of her. The boat (whose dimensions I have before mentioned) which had been the humble in strument in the hands of Divine Providence of pre serving so many unfortunate creatures in a miracu lous manner, during a passage of 515 miles across the Bay of Bengal, in the most severe weather that is experienced at this time of the year, arid to which we were exposed thirteen days and fourteen nights, partly bilged alongside the pilot brig, and they were obliged to cut her adrift in a sinking state."—Li verpool Adverliz•er. WRECK OF THE ECLIPSE, IN DOUGLAS BAY. The fact of the following wreck was recorded in our shipping list of last week. This longer account we have now copied, because the name of a towns man is so honourably distinguished in the narra- tion : " The wind blew violently on shore all the night of the 13th of January, and at daybreak on the morning of Thursday, the 14th, a sloop, which afterwards proved to be the Eclipse, of Glasgow, bound from Liverpool to that port, and had an chored at the north bay, was discovered to be on shore upon the rocks near Castle Mona, at low water. Immediately on her striking, four of the crew got into a small boat belonging to her, and by aid of a line from the vessel, were drifted through the breakers, and happily reached the shore, but from the increased violence of the surf on the beach as the tide began to rise, all further communication by this means, with the land, became utterly im practicab!e. The master and two seamen were thus left on board the vessel, which was full of water, the sea breaking heavy over her, and having a signal of distress flying. From the great surf over the bar at Douglas harbour, and the tide being low, it had become almost impossible to get any boat out, at all events much valuable time must have been lost in the attempt ; but the new life-boat intended for Ramsey and towards which the Royal National Institution had liberally contributed 50/.,wasjust finished, though the air-tight cares by which the buoyant qualities of a life-boat are produced unfortunately were not sufficiently complete to be made use of, and were not put on board. Sir W. Hillary, however, re solved, even in her present state, on making the attempt in her, to save the people from the wreck, and by the prompt aid of several gentlemen, and every other description of persons present, the new boat was launched for the first time, on the beach near the baths, when Sir William instantly put off in her, accompanied by his coxswain, Isaac Vondy, and a volunteer crew of twelve men, by which means each oar was doubly manned, in order to pull through the heavy sea, with which, for fully a mile, they had to contend. The attempt was suc cessful, and the wrecked gained ; when by pas sing under her lee bow the people were rescued; but on their return, when off the north end of St. Mary's rock, they encountered so tremend ous a sea that they were nearly overwhelmed by a succession of those heavy waves which at intervals occur in a storm, by which the boat was filled to the thwarts, and the space left for the air-tight case in the bow full of water, which added a dead weight of nearly half a ton, and greatly increased the danger. As many men as could be spared from the oars were employed in bailing out the water with their huts; but for several minutes they were in imminent danger, and the master of the Eclipse declared, that on shipping the sea, he twice thought they would immediately have gone down; but notwithstanding all these disadvantages, and having 17 persons on board, the event justified the confidence placed in the superior construction of the boat, by her surmounting difficulties under which it was the opi nion of all seamen present no common boat could have escaped destruction. After great efforts she reached the beach, upon which she was run, nearly full of water; all on board were landed in safety, and the persons rescued were placed in comfortable quarters by the Committee of the Insular Institu tion. Great praise is due to the builder of this ex cellent boat, who is a native, and well known to the public—Mr. Robert Oates. We believe that we are warranted in saying, that there is not another boat in the island unprotected by air-tight floats, as sire was on the above occasion, that could have lived as she did through the breakers, half-full of water."—Manx Sun. Some eighteen months ago, a heron's nest was found by a few boys in the neighbourhood of Brechin, by.whom it was robbed of its young ones. The flax (leasers at the Meikle Mill procured two of them, and ten derly reared them till they became in plumage, and fit to soar in the airy regions, when they disappeared. It will be recollected that one of them came hack in the month of March last, and approached his old acquaintances with the greatest contidence and ate out of their hands ; but after a fortnight's stay he again left them, and has been absent until Monday last, when he paid them another visit. With his former confidence he approaches any of the flax-dressers, but distrusts every other person.—Mon trose Review. AFRICAN FEMALES .-- I take th is opportu nity (says LANDER its his Records of Clapperton's last Expedition) of expressing nay high admiration of the amiable conduct of the African females towards me; in sickness and in health ; in prosperity and in adversity..__ their kindness and affection were ever the same. They have danced and lung with me in health, grieved with me in sorrow, and shed tears of compassion at the recital of my misfortunes. When quite a boy, and suffering from fever in the West Indies, women of the same race used to take me in their arms, or on their knees, sing and weep over me, and tell me not to die, for that my mother would break her heart to hear the news ; and pointing to the ocean they cheered my spirits, by saying that it laved the shores of England, and would shortly hear me en its bosom to my distant home. In fine, through whatever region I have wandered, whether slave or free, I have invariably found a chord of tenderness and trembling pity to vibrate in the breast of an African woman ; a spirit ever alive to soothe my sorrows and compassionate my afflictions ;—and I never in my life knew one of them to bestow on me a single unpleasant look or angry word, HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. A very numerous Meeting of the members of this Society was held yesterday in the Council- Room of the Society, in Regent-street, for the purpose of taking into consideration the state of the funds of the institution. The greatest interest was attached to the proceedings, owing to certain state ments having been. put forth recently relative to the great debts of the Society. There were present at the Meeting Sir J. Sebright, Sir J. Paull,Bart., Pascoe Grenfell, Esq. M.P., Mr. Ellis, M.P., Mr. Gordon, M.P., and many other scientific men.— The Great Room was crowded to excess. Dr. HENDERSON took the Chair. Mr. LINDLEY read the requisition calling the Meeting. Mr. GORDON, M.P., immediately afterwards rose, and apologised for trespassing on the time of the Meeting. He confessed that his attention was aroused to the affairs of the Society, in consequence of a statement publicly made that the Society was in debt to the amount of 19,0001. As that com munication should form the basis of his remarks, he would take the liberty of reading it to the Meeting. —(The letter was then read.)—He confessed that he was not alone in his alarm—for, having had sun dry communications with other Fellows of the So ciety, they felt precisely in the same way with him•- self. He would ask of those parties who ought to be able to inform the Meeting, whether the amount of debts, as stated, were correct, and whether the parties who had acted as auditors had signed their reports without inspecting the accounts ? Indeed the Hon. Secretary had already admitted that the amount was correct. There were other charges which he might bring forward; for instance, that if the officers at the Gardens were applied to for grafts of pines, they would send those of apples. But he would confine himself entirely to the matter of debt, and move, in terms of his previous notice, for the immediate appointment of a Committee to ex amine the books and accounts, and report thereon to the members. Mr. DYER, a Vice-President, seconded the mo tion, and congratulated the Society on the business having fallen into the hands of the Hon. Member who had just sat down; the result of the investiga tion could not be anticipated. If the funds were wasted as represented, he was afraid the breaking up of the Society must follow. He hoped for a better result. In the prosecution of the inquiry he was certain the Council would conceal nothing. Mr. SABINE said, that the appointment of a Committee was most desirable. He had often wished to retire from the Council, but had as often been requested to stay in it. Sir J. SEBRIGIIT did not dispute but that the So ciety was a useful one. He had been told by some of the Council that the assets were sufficient to meet the debts. That might be good information for the creditors, but it ought not to be enough to satisfy the members of that Society to be told by the Council that they were 19,0001. in debt, but had a garden, &c. as a set-off. It was quite clear too that the Society since 1523 had got into debt instead of getting out of it. It appeared also, and he was sorry to make the observation, that no member of the Council, of his own accord, told the members of the Society the real state of its pe- cuniary affairs.—( Hear, hear.) A letter was read from the President, stating that his residence in the country precluded his at tendance at the Meeting of the Council, and thought that the finance matters did not come within his de partment. The letter concluded with a hope that the Society would get over all its difficulties, and attributing them in a great degree to the large gar dens at Chiswick. Mr. P. GRENFELL, Mr. M. STAPYLTON, and se veral other members addressed the Meeting, after which a Committee of 13 was appointed, and the Meeting adjourned. CRIPPLEGATE WITHIN. Yesterday a Wardmote of the inhabitants of Cripplegate Within was held before MATTHEW Woon, Esq., their Alderman, in pursuance of a requisition, to take into consideration the propriety of petitioning Parliament to reduce the Assessed Taxes, and also to increase the taxes on gin. Mr. MOORE proposed a string of resolutions, and a petition founded upon them, in pursuance of the requisition. He particularly dwelt on the demo ralising consequences which, he said, were expe rienced from the low price of gin ; and he proposed that, whilst the duty on that commodity was in creased, the Beer Tax should be diminished. Mr. HOOLE moved, as an amendment, a string of resolutions, in which the reduction of the Beer Tax was more prominent, and all allusion to the low price of spirits was omitted. He was for leaving the duty on spirits as it was, and diminishing the demand for them by rendering malt liquor more ac cessible to the labouring classes. Mr. KNAPP supported the amendment in prefer ence to the original resolutions. He denied that the degradation of the poor was to be attributed to ex cessive drinking. Magistrates and others, when they talked about the evils of gin-drinking, treated that as a cause, and greatly exaggerated it, which was but one of the minor effects of numerous and Very complicated causes.—(Hear, hear.)—lf the moral condition of the labouring classes was to be improved, it was by bettering their physical condi tion, by reducing the taxation, which diminished the demand for their labour, and by other measures to relieve their distress. Mr. DILLON, in a long and able speech, urged that there was a point beyond which taxation could not be increased : that point had been found in the silk trade; it was found in the spirit trade, and it was a matter of necessity that the duty was re duced. The effect of the reduction of the duty on spirits had been in Ireland and Scotland to diminish illicit distillation, and to improve the morals of the people; in England it had almost suppressed the smuggler. In the reign of George 11. the effect of prohibitory duties, as preservatives to the morals of the people, had been tried and failed. It was at the time these prohibitory duties were in full force that gin was sold in every cellar, and that signs were to be seen on which were written, " Drunk for a penny; and dead drunk for twopencel; clean straw for nothing." Licensing Magistrates in the metropolis, whilst the Champaigne was passing round, or whilst they were sobering themselves with the brewers' claret at brewers' (turners, were in the habit of talk ing about the evil effects of gin, and the shocking excesses of the poor. He denied, however, that there was any deterioration of the public morals.— If there were any deterioration, it was with parti cular classes—these who were reduced in circum stances. The great cause of crime had been well pointed out by the Berkshire Magistrates, to be in .the want of demand for the labour of certain classes. But, admitting the representations with respect to spiritu( us liquors to be true, he denied that the re medies proposed would be of any avail. He con cluded by moving a string of resolutions, in which it was set forth that in this, the fifteenth year of peace, the public had a right to expect a diminution of their taxes : that a reduction of the tithes and assessed taxes, and useless offices, was especially de manded; and that at once to relieve the labouring classes, and with a view to afford a cheaper and more nutritious beverage of general consumption, it was highly desirable that the duty on malt and on beer should be reduced, and a fair competition in the vending of malt liquors should be secured to the public. Tl•ese resolutions, after some further observations, were carried by an overwhelming majority, in pre ference to the two sets of resolutions proposed by Mr. Hoole and Mr. Moore. A petition founded upon them was also carried. The late severe frost has not at all impeded the formation of the tunnel which is to unite the former Zoological Gardens with the new allotment on the north side of the row!. INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT. Vim• g• John King was opposed by a ereditor named John ihearcroft, a tailor. The insolvent came up on the 6th ultimo, when e underwent a long examination by his oppoßing Teditor. It appeared that he had merely described ,imself as a clerk and assistant, without stating a whom or in what line of business. It turned ut, on examination, that he was an assistant to vhat was termed a " subscription-house," at No. 10, King-street, St. James's; he was pressed to give the names of his employers, and after con siderable hesitation he stated that there were only two proprietors of the house, named Disbrow. ond, Eppingham. lie had lived with a female name" Maria Du Puis (whom he had represented to hi° creditors to be his wife), in Clarendon-square; the house was well furnished, but he declared that the lease of the house and the furniture all belonged to her ; from Clarendon-square they removed to %Vol' cot-place, and from thence to Bidhorough-street. His salary was about 3001. a year, and he had stated in his schedule that his insolvency arose from the expense to which he was put by supporting his mother and sisters. The COURT required further proof that the fur niture was not the insolvent's, and in consequence , Maria Du Puis was called, who swore that the fur" niture was her's, having been given to her by a gen tleman ten years ago. The COURT ordered the case to stand adjourned , to enable the insolvent to re-advertise, describing his occupation more distinctly than m ere ly as " cloyk and assistant." To-day the insolvent again came up, having ill the interim described himself as belonging to a subscription-house in King-street, St. James's. The COURT observed, that no case of opposi tion had been substantiated against him, and there fore he was declared entitled to the benefit of the Act of Parliament. Abraham Lassam, a farmer, late of Iluzlemore, in Sussex, was opposed by two creditors, named Wm• Lassam and John Tribe. The COURT called the first-named opposing cre ditor forward, and he got into the witness-box. CHIEF COMMISSIONER—What relation ar e yOU to the insolvent ? Lassarn—l am his son. CHIEF CommISSIONER—I see by the schedule he owes you 1001. Have you any questions to put to him. Lassttm—No. CHIEF COMMISSIONER—Have you any evidence to give yourself against your father? Lassam—No• CHIEF COMMISSIONER—Or any witnesses to ? Lasam—No.—(Lowil laughter.) CHIEF COMMISSIONER--Then what do you come here for ? Lassam—To oppose my father. CHIEF COMMISSIONER—There are only three modes of doing that, either by examination, by giv ing evidence yourself, or by calling witnesses. Will you choose to do one of these three things ? Lae sam—He owes me 1001. CHIEF COMMISIIONER—Do you wi,ll to give anY evidence ? Do you complain of any thing ? Las" sam—He owes me 1001., and CHIEF COMMISSIONER—WeII, sir, and what ? Lassam—And I should like to have it,—(Loud laughter.) CHIEF COMMISSIONER—Is that all you wish to say ? Lsssam—Yes. CHIEF COMMISSIONER—Then you may stand down. The insolvent was then examined at very great length, when it appeared that in May, 1828, he sold all his property ut Billinghurst by auction, for about 2041., about 861. worth of goods being bought by himself and some friends for him. E 1 cepting the 861. worth of goods bought in, he had 'petal all the remainder of the produce of the sale upon himself. In March, 1829, he was arrested , but remained at large upon bail until the 3d of No vember, %hen he rendered to the King's Bench Prison. The insolvent was next examined as to the disposition of other property, no mention of which was made in the schedule: the account given by the insolvent was extremely unsatisfact.ry, and his viva voce testimony was completely at variance n;)' his balance sheet. The case was then adjourned. Matthew Bonaeich, a native of Austria, was op posed by Messrs. Edden and Dadds, and three other creditors. The insolvent had been discharged in this Cowl five years ago. Since then he had been twice is prison, and being asked what his real name was, be said it was Matthew Martin Brunachi Bonacich. A Creditor—Four names, by which you can ring the changes sixteen times you know.—(Ln ug hter.) The insolvent petitioned this Court in 1824, by the name of Martin Brunachi, and had since brought au action against Messrs. Edden and Dadds in that name, thus selecting his two middle names, and swearing an affidavit by them. The COURT held, that as the insolvent had not petitioned this Court by his full name, the petition could not stand. The insolvent's petition was then dismissed. The Duke of BUCKINGHAM, as Lord Lieu tenant of Bucks, has published an important letter, ad dressed to the Magistrates of the county, upon the glaring evils which result fiom the system of paying for the la bour of the poor out of the Poor's Book. His Grace advice to the Magistrates is, " to take legal opinions, whether they cannot punish by some legal process, the parish officers, who shall thus persevere in misappropriat ing the parochial money ; and my advice to the ownerrs and occupiers of land, in parishes where this practice Is adopted, is, to appeal against the rate so levied ; but the duty of the Magistrates is, if possible, to punish the over seer. I would recommend, in every case in which it can be adopted, the application of the workhouse system ; perhaps the only change in the law which I would w ish to see, might be, that that system should be rendered gene ral and obligatory, instead of being, as it is now, volun tary and partial. Let the labouring poor receive the full wages for the labour which they perform ; if parochial re lief he demanded, let it be found for them only in parochial workhouses, in exchange for labour. The means of em ploying the poor may there easily b e found. Straw-pint ting, knitting, and spinning, for instance, will afford re sources, and others similar will easily present themselves. Small cast-iron corn mills are cheap, and easily set up. But above all, let land, where it is possible, be procured, and upon it let the poor be put to labour. Th e Magi strata will soon find that the demand for relief will rapidly diminish, when it is found that it will be given only in exchange for work." It may be gratifying to add the con cluding passage of his Grace's address—" I need net say, that feeling myself thus called upon to press my opinions upon their notice, I shall frel it equally my daty to be at their orders, and to assist them, in any manner in which they think I can be of use, to check this growing and gr eat evil."— County Chronicle. BIRTHS. On the 30th ult. Mrs. Sherwood, of Whitehall-house, of a son, who survived but a few hours. On the 29th ult. Mrs. Adam Young, of Blackheath, of a son. On the 31st ult. in Baker-street, Porfinan-square, Mrs. Wm. Corrie, of a son. MARRIED. On the 28th ult. by special licence, at Might( n, Rev. Mr. St. John, to Henrietta Frances, only dtuibta of On late 2 A. d f in llag s l t.a r t at s h, Esq St. i%iar . of D y,s, wy ub u l d in. hani_phee, Eliott, E‘q. Commander Royal Navy, son of the late S . V W. Elliott, of Stabs Castle, Roxburghshire, Bart., .0m" Bethia, eldest: daughter of Dr. W. Russell, of Gloo. ter-place, Portman-square. Russell DIED. On the 26th ult, on the Marine Parade, Bright , yr Richard, eldeA son of Henry Budd, Esq. if Russell-square, in his 24th year, deeply lamented. On the 9th ult. at Gibraltar, in the 38th year of his age, sincerely and deservedly esteemed and regretted, Capt. John Macdonald, of Arisaig, Inverness-shire,. Paymaster in his Majesty's Regiment of Royal Welsh Fustleers. On the 29th ult. Misa Norton, of Hornsey-1 tne, Highgate. On the Ist inst. Miss Fitzgerald, daughter of J. Fitz gerald, Esq. of Lawrence Pountney-hill, aged 24. On the Ist inst. Thomas Coates, Esq., of Clapham common. PRINIILD AND PURI ISHED BY MUHL° YOUNG, AT TVS SUN OFIleS ) 112, STRAND WNW_ E) ' p - IE UI ENGLAIS give Notic That a 'till h e lid XRSDAY, Morning u of a DIR] chard C TO THE LAM A. VA inl Mr. Plow lichation ( to proceed The re of mee e 67, Prospect. Permit former m honourabli tXerti9ns 15, Its TO TILE LADIES A V, DI Mr, Pk, l arge, and bOt inten that will In my ceed to th that ahou Pledge to shall be Port. 62, GI BEIJ ANDRE now o n s' of Moe: to th e pu all classes them. Fatnili original BEST Sugar fo SAIIII 42, 01 , 1 N. 13. Principle AN: STAND . 1100 Ks GOW wm, NE' An A in whicl page, v will cc)n ries, and meaning and the any cap This One Si Shilling anti will GIEI TUItE. Campsi The day oft appeal " Th the lam country and civl etcellen Gam'. Month the Itel nniforn and ma The BERT eiciane rected, " T 1 of Beni Work terary Anat o stores, placed s'l), c show s bilk et this is 16 N th e pi in Pill. ra gem Chtil abl e 11 the, th ese i A ItEp ( LAN] Pres(li / match lie4ti o 4 ssert mind h et t a