The Sun. — London, England, 1863-10-03 00:00:00

TOST, on the 29 th S e p t., at Ro y al - avenue- I terrace, Chelsea, a PLAIN GOLD RING, set open with small emeralds and diamonds. Whoever will bring it to No. 16, Royal-avenue -terrace, Ring's-road, Chelsea, will receive TWO POUNDS REWARD, DR. WINTER'S NEW WORK, SUBTLE BRAINS and LISSOM FINGERS Belly" Some of the Chisel Marks of Our Industrial and Scientific Progress, may be had at all the Libraries or at any Booksellers, price 6s. By the same Author, CURIOSITIES OF CIVILIZATION. Sixth Edition. Cs. OUR SOCIAL BEES. Sixth Edition. 65. London: Robert llardwicke, 192, Piccadilly. Now ready, 620 pp., post Bvo., Third and Cheap Edition, price 10s. 6d., OBSCURE DISEASES of the BRAIN and MIND. By FORBES WIN SLOW, 31. D., D.C.L. London : Robert Hardwicke, 102, Piccadilly. FIERRNIANN, PRESTIDIGITATEUR.- TITEATItE.—HERR. - HERRMANN'S Performances, EVERY EVENING, at Eight. In Two Parts—as g'iven by him in all the principal Theatres and Opera Fbnises of the Continent of Europe and America. The whole of the Marvellous Illusions entirely new, and invented by Herr Herrmann. l'rices Lf admission as usual. Doors open at halt-past 7. THEATRE ROYAL DRURY- LANE. Managers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. Tins EVENING, TIIE DEAL BOATMAN : Messrs. G: Belmore, F. Charles; Miss It. Leclercq, and 3lrs. Edmund Falconer. To conclude with the new and original Comedy'b A Y E R T.. 'mind Falconer, entitled NATURE'S ABOVE A lt '-',' - Ryder, nuance of the Nursery : Messrs. Walter Lacy, harlotte Barrett, G. Belmore, F. Charles. Neville • .!.' Millclville, and Saunders. Miss Murray, Miss B. Leclercq, ilrs. ,- Addissoc . Mrs. Edmund Falconer. Prices as usual. Box-office open from Ten till Five daily. -- Commence at 7. --------77—_ T HEATRE ROY AL -R A Y NI ARKET.- Open for the Season. THIS EVENING, and during the Week, to commence at 7, with AN Miss . arris &c. UNLUCKY 3IOR M T AL : r . William Barren , After which , at a quarter to S, the new Comedy of FINESSE ; or, Spy and counter Spy : characters by Mr. Alfred Wigan, is -Chippendale, Mr. Bowe, Mr. Tlucloitone ; klrs. Dowton, Miss L. Aiw,el, and Mrs. Alfred Wigan. Concluding with TURNING- THE TABLES. 011 Monday, O ct. 26, M r . and Mrs. C UAS. MATHEWS Will return to the London stage. N4',W 11-IEAT RE-R0 Y AL, Al )F,LPHL— I.t•anie Proprietor end Manager. Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, at 7, THE TUAGEDY QUEEN: Mrs. Stirling'. 8, the New Dra ma of LEAH : Miss Bateman, supported At 'Mr. Arthur S ti r ling (his 3 d appearanc e here), Messrs. R -Phillips, Billinlliugton, ton. Stuart, A. Wood, .b.berue , Miss 11. Simms and Mrs. Bi conclude h CATCHING AN HEIRESS : Miss WTo oolgar and Mr. wit A. Wood. OYAL STRAND THEATRE. Manager, 3fr. W. H. Swanborough. ry HIS EVENING, WHERE'S YOUR WIFE. Mr. Bel ford, Miss Simpson. Followed by (6Gth time) THE MOTTO, "I'M ALL TIIE RE." Messrs. Honey, Turner, E. Danvers, Collier, Clifton ; Mesdames Ada Swanborough, F. Josephs, Maria I3impson, Wallace, and Jenny White. To conclude with TURN lIIM OUT. Mr. Turner, Miss Thorne. Commence at 7. r HE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," Containing* the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, Can be had livery Evening of G. It. GLhtNIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, sh. 40m.—Afternoon, Gh. sm. To-moßßow.-Morning, Gh. 22m.—Afternoon, WI. 46Ln. The Weather—Sun Office, Oct. 3, 1863. THERMOMETER. This day at Two o'clock Barometer-29.90. Wind—South-Westerly ; light, and cloudy. (i • tjjt LONDON, SATURDAY, OCT. 3, 1863. The defeat of ROSENCRANZ by the Confederates is in some respects the most disastrous incident that has yet befallen the Federal Government. It is certainly the most disastrous that has happened to them for many months past. It comes, for one thing, at this moment, as so ranch of an anti-climax. After Gettysburg, we were virtually assured by all the braggart organs of the North that the contest would be finished off with a rush. LEE was not only beaten, but beaten irretrievably. His army was not only driven back, but routed. Its flying columns were disorganised throughout. MEADE had only to follow up his victory with reasonable vigour, and the Confederate Commander-in-Chief was effectually done for, his army scattered, his re putation gone, the way to Richmond cleared before the ads ance of the victors, President DATIS re duced to a nonentity. Weeks rolled by, one of the calendar months run out, another opened up in its turn—the war was not at an end, nor;anything like it—MEADE assumed the attitude and occupied the position of anything bat a victo rious Generalisimo. LEE, it turned out, had retired in the most deliberate and leisurely way imaginable. His forces were in no respect disorganised, or even, for that matter, in the smallest degree dispirited. He simply assumed a new position, modified his plans,.d altered his p os iti on aga i n upon ma t u re con tion—his vratelaful opponent, it is true, moving wherever he moved, but doingonl only that : respect fully keeping a t a distance —Waiting fe a r, what has not yet turned u p, hi s opportunity. A this yet continu es t o b e the situation n f n t o h w ewarso far while r as relates to t h e confronting C ommanders-in- Chief, MEADE for the Federals, LEE for the Con federates—come these tidings that the army of General ROSENCRANZ, in Tennessee, has been severely beaten in a great pitched battle of two days' duration, has been clean cut in two, has been mortally injured to the extent of some twelve thousand men killed, wounded, and captured ! ROSENCRANZ having hitherto, all this while, been, not only one of the ablest, but also one of the most fortunate and generally successful amoig the few eminent soldiers leading the forces of Mr. LINCOLN in the field. Yet now—even from Tennessee—come these tidings of a Fresh Victory, 'another Great Victory, as it proves to be, on the side of the Confederates ! At this juncture of all junctures, these tidings have come when the Rowdy Government of the North, bespattered -with the mud into which it has been so often knocked by the fierce blows cf its Southern an tagonist, splashed with the mere hurry scurry of so much systematic skedaddling:(for strategic pur poses !), bleeding and almost blinded with rage and punishment — w as in the middle of s pa rrin g so defi antly with the most imbecile obtuseness of purpose n lookers among the crowd of at the two principal observing powers, no t in any way as yet engaged in the war' At France, that is, and at England! In the yere raidst of these flagrant demonstrations of defiance n against ' er e e the part of the North against France,and wltad, come these inopportune tidings from Tennes see, tidings that under BRAGG have th© Southern forces iiiiveu back, and itUSENCRAN , himself, but Bueee elDß have Put nut only -'whe was hastening ( festina ItOSENCRAI,,Z, lente) to the aid of that n e d e f ea ted bro arms, in a positi on of fea deopardy. At th is new turn in the events o f t h e war, we to see what will h a sa i d by shall that Yankee BOANEEGES of the Northern Press, _I be curious ANHATTAN— according to whose boun c i ng estimate of ee should things in -glieell a a t: w general, of late, as we recently t ook r emark, the war as to hav e been re already virtually at an end. How now , w like to know, about that extraordinary mission to Europe about to be undertaken by Mrs.ABEIANcoL N , the President ess ? MANHATTAN certainly seemed in his very last communication, at the close of his loedest and most brazen boasting, to evidence by o ne passing remark, a sudden presentiment of evil —namely, where he spoke of the certainty of gold running up to 200 if Washington should chance, after all, to be taken by the Confederates A moment previously to his blurting out of that wild but aniuGas siippoeition, the talk of kiANHATTAN and his fellows having been al I on the other side, all in regard to the possible, pi •obable, all but certain, seizure of Richmond, and ti tat immediately ! As certainly, now, at this mo went, at this new turn in the course of events— just as certainly as that the tidings of the defeat of :OSENCRANZ in Tennessee must have carried dis• may to New York and Washington, so certainly these same tidings will hearten on the Southern defenders of Charleston, while strengthening the determination of the main Southern army under - LEE upon the line of the Rapidan. a o s f o ( n )c e t o ola r t er he is s p a e g a k r a e n r s d 3fa day r ra i in t d h o e medics nilu r s .. pro n fe e ss fi io r n st , " relay day wh ich divide Charing i ni C reo thes s , d b e r c i l e a r r s e p d a that a o t t day. Mr. HEATON, o.f, o w r a a 8 1) I s e o vi , i and th e t v h e a n t asoilloraliNn'eosneinuevster n a e f e t d e s r w b a e rd a s." me l ni t day, and the studeutwouldreeeirthheardloben praiseworthyoekbacktoitwith ; pride and shame as his career or the reverse. The general tone adopted by the gentlemen who delivered the addresses was a high one, and the moral they sought to inculcate an admirable one. It is not to be expected that uni versal application would be accorded to these elo quent and stirring remarks, because in every com munity some cannot, and others will not, compre hend or care for such things. There is every reason to believe, however, that the words then uttered in reason to those entering on the profession sunk deep into mauy minds, and may, hereafter, be productive of goad service to them in their arduous vocation. Dr. MARKHAM, at St. Mary's Paddington, made one of the most brilliant speeches. He adverted, in the first place, to the two obstacles that stood in the way of their increasing their knowledge with refer ence to the efLet of remedies over disease. One was the unreasonable opinion entertained of certain reme dies caring certain ills, and the other was the unrea sonable practice,once so prevalent,and still sometimes extant, of employing drugs where they were not required as remedial agents. Again, it had been objected by some that this was a sceptical age, and insisted on proving the truth of all systems before placing credence therein. He contested that there was ground for this determination. To investigate causes, " since the birth of the present generation of men revolutions had taken place in the sciences, alike of mind and of matter. The world had gone on with giant strides in the path of civilisation, such as centuries of former times had not beheld. Science, now subjected to her searching analysis all the opinions and eredulities of mankind. It was idle to expect, therefore, that medicine should be an exception to the rule, and escape the ques tioning of a remodelling age." There was great wisdom in thus treating the subject to the students, for no mistake can be greater for them to make, at the outset of their course, than to suppose that all they then acquire is the ne plus ultra of acquisitive knowledge. As men proceeded in their course they acquired the knowledge that is imparted to experience, which often fur nishes them with precious stores. Also others, pur suing the same road, are in their turn making dis coveries and testing experiments, so that progress is constantly to be made by those who are willing to do so. Dr. MARKHAM forcibly illustrated his argu ment by stating that it was too much their custom to prescribe drugs whether they were wanted or not. In this they were still living, as it were, in the dark ages of medicine, and he traced the spread of many quackeries to this unfortunate custom, and especially that most remarkable delusion homcea pathy. There is doubtless considerable truth in this assertion, and it would bo well alike for the interests of society, and the fame and fortune of the medical profession, if these strictures took effect in many quarters. Dr. MARKHAM concluded his im pressive address by reminding his hearers that the study of medicine was a stern and rugged business. Whoever adopted it as his profession must prepare for struggles, encounter hardships, and meet with disappointments. They had the consolation of knowing that men of science did not practise quackeries. Above, all he entreated them never to let their moral sense grow dumb. They might have to choose hereafter between self-interest and ill-requited honest labour, yet let them be brave and true to their consciences, " Their success in life might not have equalled their hopes and their deserts, it was not in the power of men to ensure success, they might even fail in the struggle ; but so long as they obeyed the voice of conscience and of duty, they might, like that knight of old chivalry, who lost all in the battle, still boast that nothing was lost, because his honour was unstained." Something of the same ele vated model was held out by Mr. HEATON at the Charing-cross Hospital. He observed that every doctor should take care in building up his character that the foundation-stones were duty towards his GoD and his neighbour. No better wish could be offered to a student than that during his life he might work hard, do his duty, and, if need be, should die bravely— " In some just cause, not in thine own, To perish, honoured, wept for, known, And like a warrior overthrown." Surely no better incentives could have been held out to youthful aspirants than those here cited. The medical profession ought not to be chosen by those who are callous, indifferent men, for it is one that pre-eminently calls for feeling and demands sym pathy. Those who look on men as machines, and regard all suffering as immaterial, if only it can conduce to their discoveries and evidene3 their theories, will never be true disciples of their call ing. Mr. MAUNDER, of London Hospital, empha tically expressed his conviction of the honourable nature of their profession, than which none could be higher, but " that great profession whose ministrations were not physical, and whose influence did not cease with the term of our brief mortality." At University College Dr. Rus- SELL REYNOLDS addressed the students very im pressively. He entered at some length into the various dif f iculties that beset the mind of the studious devotees of the profession. He advised them to appreciate and combine the two points on which many differed, one seeking to establish the uniformity of the processes of nature, and the other to discover progress in those processes. Let them look at the world, and watch the same ness and yet the change. Families, races, en d nations have their decay, but while one sunk away another teak its place, " and the great world is ever young, but the great world also grows"— " And I doubt not through the ages one increasing purpose runs, A n d tb e thoughts of men are widened by the proce ss o f the suns Ti I)r. Fl -NoLDS thus concludes his admirable Da dress ;—" And, a ynur earnest work t 6 knout the laws of l lift, , i a n iyour hereafter daily contact lift--at its beginning, in its troubles, and at its clo se-- do not, in recognis in g t he d iv inely appointed order of all events, lose sight of that great divire plan progress which will surely evolve th e hi g hest good of out of much that now seems - deepest ev il . Y ou w ill thus often see a moral pur pose in th e suffering you trY _ but try vainly—to cs B "ge ; a go o d i n the d ea th you f eebl y struggle to postpone. RegardingaB f r aught with di se ase meaning and purpose other and higher than the mere change of organ, you can see and handle an o record in your pathologicAi note-boo ; Ic3"illg on THE SUN, LONDON ; SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 3, 1863. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. [REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.] FRANCE. PARIS, OCT. 3. The Courrier du Dimarzehe of to-day, in an article on the Polish question, says :—" The nego tiations between Paris and London have not yet terminated, and we can state that the essential bases of the preliminary negotiating entered into do not sensibly differ from the conclusions drawn by Earl Russell in his speech at Blairgowrie re specting the consequences of the non-execution of the treaties of 1815 by Russia." The Courrier du Dimanche adds :—" If, as is probable, the negotiations have a favourable result, it would not necessarily follow that France and England would recognise the Poles as belligerents." The article concludes by asserting " that the French Government, always desirous of preserving an European character to the Polish question, would not wish, by separating herself from Austria, to break the concord between the Powers." The Courrier du Dimanche also publishes an account of the negotiations and incidents connected with the scheme of sending Count Walewski, as French Ambassador to London, and adds ,‘ This scheme is at present abandoned, bat it is believed that it will shortly be again taken up." The Moniteur of to-day says :—" The illness of M. Billault is nothing but a passing indisposition, which has never given the least cause for nneasi. ness." BOURSE, Oct: 2.—The operations of the settle ment have been carried on without difficulty, and the business done shows a slight improvement, Threes, for the Account, being now at 681. sc. Mobilier has undergone but trifling variation up to the present time. Railway Share Market quiet, but pretty firm. Prices again receded towards the close, and left off as follows : It per Conte .. 95 90 Do. end month.... 3 per Cents Do. end month G7 95 Credit Alobilier....llBsl Do. end m0nth....1195 Bank Shares 3350 Credit oncier 1355 HAIL' Italian Loan 73 85 Do. end month 73 90 New ditto ...... 73 70 Do. end month — Russian Austrian Spanish Threes 5l 75 Home Debt .. — Cash. Acenunt. 1025 1027 50 992 50 Orleans Northern New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 1030 1005 Geneva Southern 722 50 .. Western Eastern Sardinian 423 75 Austrian Lombard North of Spain Saragossa.. Ditto to Barcelona .... 360 FRANCE AND POLAND. VIENNA, SEPT. 30. The latest intelligence asserts that the Emperor Napoleon made the following statement to certain persons: "That, on receipt of the news of a larger insurrectionary corps having taken possession of a fortified place, and the commander of that corps possessing the talents required of a militarily educated general, he would not delay the recog- nition of the Poles as belligerents for an instant." THE POLISH INSURRECTION. THORN, OCT. 3. An order of the day of the Revolutionary Town Captain of Warsaw, dated Ist inst., announces that the attempt upon the life of General Berg, took place by order of the National Government. This measure was adopted with the view of compelling General Berg to declare his policy of extermina tion, which he would otherwise have carried cat gradually and imperceptibly. THE BOMBAY AND MAURITIUS MAILS. The Vectis, with the above mails, arrived at six o'clock this morning. The mails were to leave for London at 10.30 a.m. CALCUTTA, CHINA, AND AUSTRALIAN MAILS. The Poonab, with the above mails, arrived at Malta at 9 p.m. yesterday, and sailed for Alex andria at midnight. AMERICA. REUTER'S RxrRESS. DEFEAT OF ROSENCRANZ, The following are the latest despatches from the army of General itnsencranz in Tennessee WASHINGTON, Sept. 22. According to the official despatches received here, dated as late as five o'clock yesterday afternoon, General Rosencrans had infurmation that Long street's corps had reinforced Bragg before the battle of Saturday, and it was subsequently stated by deserters from the rebel army that Ewell's corps had also come to his assistance. A telegram was received here to-day from the officer in command at Chattanooga, which speaks in the most encouraging terms of the general result of the actions on Saturday and Sunday, in which, ac cording to his representations, the Union army achieved a subsequent success, the enemy losing the most in killed, wounded, d m The fact that General R osencran z was not sooner reinforced is certainly not the fault of the Govern ment ; but there is no doubt that every effort is now making to increase his strength by reinforcements from more than one direction. The Star and National _Republican in their late editions this afternoon, have accounts evidently derived from official sources. The longer one, from the Evening Star, is as follows : On Saturday, th e 19 t h, a d e monstration was made by the rebel s i n strong f o rce, which appears to have been repelled by the force under General Thomas, with th e a d vantage on the Union side. On Sunday an engagement comm enced late in the morning. Th e f i rst gu n was fired at 9 a.m. , but no consid era b le fi r i ng took place until 10 . Previous to 10 whole length cf our li ne . Soon after, the battle commenced. O'clock General Rose ncranz rode the General Thoma s , for reinforcem ents. A b o ut 12 o'clock word came that he had b een f orce d to retire. to him, w ho hold the left, began to c all The second li ne o f re i n forcements wore then sent and I \ ll Cook's whole c or p s, which was on the right and as a reserve in t he centre, was sent to his assistanc e . G ene ral Wood, of Crittenden's corps, and Va n Cleve, who h eld the front centre, were also order e d to t h e left, where the fury of the cannonade showed that the enemy's force was massed. Their Alters were filled by Davis and Sheridan ; of Gmeral M'Cook's corps. Bat hardly had. these divisions taken their places in the line, when the rebel fire, which hod slackened, burst out in im mense volleys upon the centre. This looted about 20 minutes, and then Van Cleve, on Thomas' right, was seen to give way, but in tolerable order; soon after whic h the lines of Sheri dan and Davis b ro k e in disorder, borne down by the enemy's column s , of Poll;'s corps. ,w hi c h are said to have consisted Th e se two divisions were the only divisions thr own i n t o much disorder. Those of Negley and Van Cleve were thrown into contusion, but soon rallied and held their places, the first on the left and the second on the right of Thomas' corps. Davis and Sheridan, late in the day, suc ceeded in ranyin g about eight thousand of their forces and joined Thomas. Gen. Thomas, finding him6eif oat of from the, death as the fulfillingofgreater end than can be represented in theßegistrar General's returns ; some c though often saddened , often baffled in y our une qual with those t wo g reat foes, y ou ma y see t h at they also have a w ork to do, p erha p s, more frie ndly own."" Altogether, there seems littl e l e f t th a n your to desire in these numerous addresses, and much has been expressed that cannot be otherwiae than beneficial to those who heard them. It will be fortunate, alike for themselves and the coming generation, whom they will have to serve, if they follow the counsels, adopt the maxims, and choose the roads indicated to them in these lectures. If they seek honour as their pole -star to direct their course, if they are true and just in their dealings, and endeavour to alleviate as much as possible the inevitable sufferings that they roust minister to, surely they may expect, even in this sad condition of existence, to reach a happy goal, and trust that, in an arduous and anxious pathway, they may sus tain themselves and cheer the hearts of others if they walk in the light of Truth, which grows bright and brighter to the perfect day. This is the season for travel and excursion among all classes. Every one who can leave home for a time is glad to change the scene, whether it be for Alpine snows or gay Parisian streets, for a day's shooting among the Scottish heather, or a saunter at a fashionable watering place. With the excep tion of a few whose occupations are of too absorbing a nature to be even for a time abandoned, the three autumnal months find nobody in state quo ; and, as every one is on the wing himself, he with sym pathetic curiosity regards the migrations of his neighbours. The movements of Royalty are usually followed with a good deal of interest, although they may only be prompted by the desire for change on the whim of the moment, but just at present there are certainly reasons why we should r eg ard the arrivals and departures of distinguished persons with unusual attention. The young heir of Eng land and his charming bride have just left th e Highlands after a pleasant sojourn among the most individually peculiar but not the least loyal of their future subjects. The object of their journey south wards is especially interesting, for the young bride, who has so suddenly stepped from comparativ e retirement into so brilliant a position, wi s h es natu rally to congratulate her brother on the almos t simultaneous change in his prospects. A y e ar ag° they were living amidst a quiet domestic circle, no t even occupying the prominent position o f the children of the ruling monarch, Th e mag i c wheel revolves, and brother and sister are alike filling the thoughts and engaging the hopes and interests of halt Europe; the careers that open out Wiese their'. are as splendid as they are fascinating, an d h o wever high their hopes or great their capacities, they can scarcely eclipse the destinies which has been ass i g ned them. The young Prince whos3 chance of a throne was a few months since so dim and distant is now an actual reigning Monarch. One of the mo st an cient peoples in Europe is impatiently awaiting his arrival, looking to him to reorganise a distracted state, and to revive in some degree the mem ory of former glories. The fair young bride, a t whose joyous nuptials all the graces and goo d fairies seemed attendant, is natu ra ll y eager to w ish her brother GOD speed on th e new and a d ve nturous course he is undertaking. Th e P r i nce an d princess of \VALES on their journey southward m et and greeted another young roy a l p a i r who are a b o ut to traverse the route they h ave j ust passe d over , who are also heirs to a thron e b ut whose position their owe.at this moment presents a pai n f u l contrast to The Crown Prince and P r i ncess of Plarsslit hold indeed an honourable and responsible position. They are looked up to in th e i r own country as the hars binders of better and happier times, but at the.pre sent crisis their positi on i s b y no means an enviab e one. Forced to look on while the Pe rverse and weak-minded KING, urged by the preposterous arro gance of his in ca p a bl e m i n i ster, perils the i r own and their children's inheritance; unable t o interfere without aggravating th e ev il divided betw een film , respect and duty to th e people they ho pe to govern, every step th e y t a k e must cause them perplexity and distress. Th e l essons of history a re not written so faintly that yo u thf u l eyes cannot rea d them, and our Princess at l eas t must be enough o f a politician to perceive som e o f the dangers into which the rash and headst rong K ING is plung i ng himself and his country. Th e general excitement in Germany is heightened just now by the notable project of a Federal executi on in Denmark undertaking which, we may suppose, the Princess Royal and her husband do not look upo n with very f r iendly eyes. Altogether, wh a t w i t h Russian al li a nces, Danish quarrels, F renc h d es i gns, and interna l dissensions, EREIGN than to be coldly Prussia is not j us t now a very su i ta ble dwelling place for the Cr own P r i nce and hi English bride. It is pleasant er t o b e the welcome d an d honoured guests of our gracious Sole e looked upo n i n th e P alace of Berlin, or ex pected to play a part whi c h i t i s impossible they should per form. Thei r v i s i t to this country w i t h th e ir chil dren, a visit whi c h i t is expressly stated has no definite limits, i s at t hi s juncture a significant cir cumstance. It will be productive, we ma y ho p e, of Our beloved QUEEN, who sincere gratifi cat i on to has now again b es id e her the two d aug hters w h o left her side, t oget h er with the ch i l d ren w h o w ill hereafter be p rou d to trace their descen t t o h er an d her lamented C onsort. Happily, whatever t ro ubl es threaten the land o f their a d o ption, the old country still remains uns h a k en by any commot i on , an d th e young Princ esses may well strive to f o ll ow i n th e i r mother's footst eps when they see how fi rm i s th e sea t of a constitutional monarch, compared to the treacherous found a ti ons of a despot ' s th rone . This ek is a lesson which we fear the King of PRUS SIA will be slow to learn, and his eon has done wisely to quit for a time the s t r if e he could ne i t h er ass i s t nor control. The co ntrast between P russ i an m isrule and English Content wou ld f o rcibly impress the youn g Prince, and we may hope the painful experien ce h e is now acqu i r i ng may tend mind of the hereafter to benefit himself and his subjects. The Royal autumnal ex curs ionists aro certainly this year worthy of notice, as b e i ng i n di ca ti o ns of views and sentiments, if not events, in themselves mportaut. AUSTRIA'S FINE ART EXUIBITION will take place on the 15th April, 1564, at Vienna. ACIDS IN AlAti.—Sulphuric acid scarcely exists in the animal ftoutnny, and not at all in the bones of men in their normal state; but. the fact should nut be lost sight of that the bones of rickety individuals contain up to 4 per cent. of sulphate of lime. .Nitric acid, too, forms no portion of any organic tissue ; it enters exceptionally into some human calculi. _Hydrochloric acid enters irtto the composition of the gastric juicy in the free state ; its phy siological function is to dissolve the albuminous substances and the tissues yielding gelatine, and transform them Into liquids which can be easily absorbed. Phosphoric acid enters into the composition of the bones, the muscles, anti nearly all the organic liquids associated with lime and mag nesia and alkaline bases. Carbonic acid and silica are the only acids that ordinarily exist in a free state in water. The first forms incessantly in our tissues, and exists in large proportions in our blood. The volume, hom ever, of this acid contained in water (on the average 30 cubic cent. per litre), is so small that one cannot think it plays any appreciable part. Vangueliu and Chevreul have found a very small quantity of silica in the hair and beard, and in wool. Ruorine.utakes a portion of the osseous tissue and the enamel of the teeth. iodine and bromine especially, have ,been the subjects of much discussion, for they are powerful moditicaturs of the animal organisation, and act in extremely minute doses, as has been shown:by the nu merous researches of past years upon the existence of theee bodies in the waters and air. right, brought his division into position for indepen dent fighting, his line assuming the form of a horse shoe along the crest of a wooded ridge. He was soon joined by Granger, from Rossville, with a division of Gen. 11 , 1‘Cook and Gen. Steadman's division, and with these forces firmly maintained the fight until after dark. Our troops were as immovable as the rocks they stood on. The enemy repeatedly hurled against them the dense columns which had routed Davis and Sheridan in the morning; but every onset was repulsed with dreadful slaughter. Falling on one and then on the other point of our lines, the rebels for hours vainly sought to break them. General Thomas seemed to have filled every soldier with his own unconquerable firmness; and General Gran ger, his hat torn by bullets, rode like a lion where ever the combat was thickest. Every division com mander bore himself gloriously, and among them Generals Turchen, Hazen, and Parker especially distinguished themselves. Turchen charged through the rebel lines with the bayonet, and being sur rounded, forced his way back again. Parker, who had two horses shot under him on Saturday, forming his men in one line, made them lie down until the enemy was close upon them, when suddenly they rose and de- livered their fire with such effect that the assaulting columns fell beck in confusion, leaving the ground covered with killed. When night fell, this body of heroes stood on the same ground oocupied by them in the morning, their spirits being un broken. Their losses are not yet estimated. General Thomas telegraphs (Monday forenoon) that the troops are in high spirits. He brought oft all his wounded. Of the sick and wounded at Crawfish Spring, including our main hospital, nearly all had been brought away. The number of paesengera taken by the enemy will hardly surpass two thousand, besides the wounded, of whom not more than one thousand could have fallen into their hands. Of rebel pri soners we have sent thirteen hundred to Nashville. Most of our losses in artillery were occasioned by the killing of all the horses. General Thomas retired to Rossville on Sunday after the battle had closed. General Rosencranz had issued orders for all his troops to be concentrated with the forces at Chattanooga. In the last two assaults our troops fought with bayonets, their ammunition being exhausted. The latest information that has reached this city is from Chattanooga last evening, and was to the effect that General Rosencranz would concentrate on Chattanooga last night. General Thomas had been engaged vrith the enemy prior to five p.m. yesterday, and it was there fore questionable whether he would be able to reach . Chattanooga last night. There were indications that the enemy were con templating a demonstration on another part of our line last evening. A rebel despatch has been intercepted on the extreme front of the army of the Potomac, wherein the rebel commander of the army of Northern Vir ginia is informed from Richmond that Bragg en gaged Rosencranz on Saturday and Sunday, cap turing twenty pieces of artillery and five hundred prisoners. A prisoner taken from Bragg's army says that Mobile has been stripped of troops for Bragg's army, and that some troops have been sent to him from Charleston. Also that troops from Lee's army were in the late fight; in fact, that the whole Con federacy seemed concentrated there for the attack on Rosencranz. The following aro the particulars of the battle in Tennessee on the 19th : CINCINNATI, Sept. 21. The Commercial of this city gives the following account of the great battle near Chattanooga on Sa turday :—" The battle opened at 11 o'clock, in the vicinity of Widow Glens, on the road leading from M'Lamore's Cave to Chattanooga. The fighting soon became general, the rebels manoeuvring their troops finely. Rally in the action the rebels made an impetuous charge on the famous Loomis Battery, and captured five out of six guns belonging to it. Captain Van Pelt, commanding the battery, was taken prisoner. At 2 o'clock the contest was perfectly terrific, the roll of musketry being far more continuous and deafening than at Stones River. At 2 40 p.m. our division centre was pushed, broken, and retreated in disorder. Colonel Barnett planted a battery and soon checked the pursuing enemy, who, in turn, were driven over the same ground. The division of General Davis was then driven back by the rebels with heavy loss, and every gin of the Eighth Indiana Regiment was captured ; when General Davis rallied his forces, and pushed the enemy back, and retook his guns. Reynolds lost heavily, but stubbornly held his posi tion, driving the enemy, but never losing his line. Palmer who was overwhelmed, tailed to get ofl his whole battery, and two guns were lost. Van Clore, although fighting gallantly, lost ground, and being overpowered, failed to regain his position. Our line was pressed severely and wavered. The rebels exulting over their apparent success, made the air resound with cheers. They advanced along the whole line, and when within fire the musketry rolled from right to left, and till 6 o'clock the fighting was terrific. General Rosencranz grew anxious, the wounded came pouring in,and the rebels kept steadily moving up to his headquarters. New forces were opposed to the enemy, and from this time till dark the battle raged with destructive fury. The action again became general until long after dark, and raged with the greatest fury. The battle thus far has been a bloody one, and our loss is heavy. Rebel prisoners say that some of their regiments are almost annihilated. Both armies occupy the same ground as when the fight began. We have captured several hundred prisoners, many of whom are from the East. We took ten guns, lest seven:' LOUISVILLE, Sept. 21, 12.45 P.M. Oar army, under General Rosencranz, has been badly beaten, and compelled to retreat to Chatta nooga, by Bragg, with heavy reinforcements from Lee, Beauregard, and Joe Johnston. The New Orleans correspondent of the World gives the following particulars of the Federal disaster at Sabine Pass : " The expedition from this city, under Generals Franklin, Weitzel, and Emory, consisting of some 3,000 men, 13 transports, and two gunboats (the Auzona and Crescent City, not Quaker City, as I wrote you), arrived off Sabine Pass last Tuesday. The gunboats Clifton and Sachem, which joined the expedition at the mouth of Berwick (Atcherfalga) Bay, crossed the bar first and engaged the Confe derate battery on the point. The movement was not conceived, I am told, in this department. From various sources information, supposed to be trust worthy, was obtained with regard to the armament of the Confederate battery. It was supposed to consist of two 24-pounders and two 32. pounders, with perhaps two or three field pieces, and the work was represented to bo contemptible. In fact, however, there was a very fine field work, mounting seven first-class siege guns. It is not known who was in command of the work, but he understood his business: He allowed the Sachem and Clifton to give him a number of shots, as they approached, and did not fire a gun till they were in a position, when the fire would be effective. It was terribly effective. The fourth shot from the battery went through the Sachem steam drum, and to complete the disaster she grounded. The Clifton was riddled with shot before she grounded, and Captsin Crocker fired one of lii6guns through her wiachinery,as I wrote you lest ni.ght. There were on board the Clifton 130 sharp shooters, selected from the 75th and 161st Regiments. After she grounded seven of the men jumped overboard and swam to the beach. Weitzel sent a °oat from the banks and took them. They reported that about 30 men on board the Clifton were .killed and wounded. There are now no means of l :now ing the extent of the losses of the Sachem. 'These two gunboats were the only ones in action.. The entire affair did not last more than fifteen minutes, and the action was witnessed by the whole fleet. The General Banks, with 500 men on board, under command of Weitzel, followed the Clifton 100 yards in the rear, and was the only transport unch r fite. She was uninjnred. Weitzel intended to land his men and carry the works by land, but _ the tide wag still falling, and the signal was made for the transports to return over the bar into the Gulf. On their way out four of the transports and the gunboat Arizona grounded on the bar. Fortunately for them the Arizona grounded above the transports, broadside on, thus presenting to the Confederate gunboats, four of which were in the lake, the appearance of being purposely in position to cover the retreat of the transports. The following morning she got under way, and the whole fleet, excepting the lost Clifton and Sachem, left Sabine Pass. On their way through the Gulf the steamboat Laurel Hill was disabled and was towed to this city by the General Banks. Part of the transports carried their men to Btashear city, and the rest came back to New Orleans. General Gilmore has issued the following general order: -- "Department of the South, Head-quarters in the field, Morris Island, S.C., September 15. "It is with no ordinary feeling of gratification and pride that the Brigadier-General commanding is enabled to congratulate this army upon the signal success which has crowned the enterprise in which it has been engaged. Fort Sumter is destroyed. The scene where our country's flag suffered its first dishonour you have made the theatre of one of its proudest triumphs. " The fort has been in possession of the enemy for more than two years—has been his pride and boast —has been strengthened by every appliance known to military science, and has defied the assaults of the most powerful and gallant fleet the world ever saw. Bat it has yielded to our courage and patient labour. Its walls are now crumbled to ruins, its formidable batteries are silenced, and, though a though a hostile flag still floats over it, the fort is a harmless and helpless wreck. _ _ Forts Wagner and Gregg, works rendered me morable by their protracted resistance and the sac rifice of life they haVe cost, have also been wrested from the enemy by your persevering courage and skill, and the graves of your fallen comrades rescued from contumely, You now hold in undisputed possession the whole of Morris Island, and the city and harbour of Charleston lie at the mercy of your artillery, from the very spot where the first shot was fired at your country's flag, and the rebellion itself was inaugurated. "To you, the officers and soldiers of this com mand, and to the gallant navy which has co-operated with you, are due the thanks of your commander and your country. You were called upen to encounter un told privation and dangers, to undergo unremitting and exhausting labours, to sustain severe and dis heartening reverses. How nobly your patriotism and zeal have responded to the call the result of the campaign will show, and your commanding gene ral gratefully boars witness. " Q. A. GILMORE, Brigadier• General, Commanding." Celebrities of the American War— Photographed. We have before us, in a single portrazt•carte, says a writer in the Spectator, 52 photographic heads of modern American generals and civilians, some Northern some Southern, with Washington's , calm old-fashioned face looking gravely out of the 18th century at us in the centre. Here, within the space of an ordinary carte, are congregated the head that have brewed this storm, so that, sitting quietly at home, we can pierce at 62 distinct points the white mist of words and names which hangs over that American chaos, It is often exceedingly question able whether the mere vision of a public man's face, not previously or otherwise known to us, is likely to add to our positive knowledge of him, or rather to give us a false impression about him. Here, for example, is a photograph of a three-quarter face, contemplative, serene, Shakesperian, with the collars turned back, with moustache but no beard, exceedingly like the better likenesses of Shakespeare in its upper portion, showing a placid brow and heavy brooding eyelids, only a thinner and, perhaps, ungenial month. To which of the American Generals do our readers suppose that it belongs? To General Lee or General I\l'Clellan ? No ; but to General Butler. Here is a civilian face —solemn, didactic, important, still young, but going in for "judiciousness," the kind of face which one is accustomed to see in men who deprecate in discreet theories, and school those still younger, telling them that they will learn by sad experience to take wiser views in time. Do our readers sup- pose it must be Mr. Chase or Mr. Memminger, big with financial caution ? No ; but Mr. James Gor don Bennett, the editor of the most discreditable paper in the world, and who is commonly said to have compensated himself once for a severe chas tisement by telegraphing to his own journal a frank " sensation" heading as to the stripes he had received, which sold the edition. Then there is an amiable, weak, confused, woolly-headed look ing military bust, with fat cheeks and head narrow ing towards the top, eminently a " worthy" young officer not likely to distinguish himself. It is " Stonewall" Jackson. Here, again, is a grave, square, open countenance, speaking a frank heart, an earnest devotion to freedom, and the compressed resolve to maintain it at the sacrifice of life. This, surely, must belong to a Northerner of the squarest Republican type. It is the face of John C. Breck inridge, the last Southern candidate for the Presi dency. Certainly, in none of these cases does the picture of the countenance and bearing suggest any addition of value to one's knowledge, though it may perhaps break the chain of former associations. On the other hand, there are some heads, generally either the most powerful or the reverse, which it is a permanent satisfaction to have identified in one's mind with the career which has expressed it. Here is the bead of Mr. Jefferson Davis, with an imperial eye that seems to see the future and control it, and a mouth strong, thin, com pressed, half-ascetic, like Father Newman's, speak ing of vast power of self-denial for distant ends, but with a shadow of cynicism and intrigue just hanging about it, that tells a nature not incapable of breaking faith. Here is Mr. Lincoln, honest shove all things, not keen, but shrewd, logical as a Scot, anxious as a Yankee, with a sad humour, and a strong touch of coarseness,—not a fine face, not a face at its ease, but trustworthy in the highest degree, and, for the rest, something between a farmer's and an artizan's (too shrewd for the one, too safe for the other) after he has cleaned himself on Sunday morning. Again there is a satisfaction in connecting this clear-eyed courtly Vandyck-face with General Lee ; this very industrious, painstak ing face which suddenly falls away t o nothing, with the Confederate General John stone who has always been going to relieve every place of importance and has never relieved any; in learning that this sweet and poe tical profile belongs to the Federal Lieut. Mulligan, whose noble defence of Lexington, in Missouri, against overwhelming Southern forces, was one of the-greatest exploits of the war; in knowing that refined and manly head to be Governor Spiague's, of Rhode Island, who fitted out a regiment at the commencement of the war at his own sole expense. Mr. Slidell and Mr. Mason, too, look quite as dis agreeable as one could wish. Mr. Slidell is the ideal of a man who would think it a privilege to get into a scrape himself if be could only iuvoive his host and patron too; Mr, Mason, more of the bull dog, ready to fasten on friends and foes alike. Tne most peculiar intellectual satisfaction, however, arises from knowing that this would-be strong, essentially weak, conceited, face run to seed, with hair a little bristled and the whole attitude breath ing " Our War Correspondent, Mr. Jefferson Brick" as an adult, belongs to Mr. Secretary Seward LORD LYNDHURST.—We are sorry to learn that Lord Lyndhurst, who arrived at his house in George-street from Tunbridga-wells, in the early part of the week, has, since his arrival, been in a weak state of health, but at pre sent no danger is apprehended. " GOD BLESS THE PRINCE OF WALES" has now taken the position of a national song. It was sung recently by 5,000 children at the Crystal Palace. But Mr. Sims Reeves' energetic delivery has been alone worth ail the choruses in making the song popular, and touching the loyal and sympathetic teeing of the people. Mr. Sims Reeves has had a royalty of sixpence on each song sold, besides the handsome bonus of £lOO from Messrs. Cocks, the ?üblishers of the song. SIR JAMSETJEE JEEJEEBIIOY, Bart., has handed to Government the sum of 100,00'1 rupees (410 ; 000), for building a new college at Fooaa. lin urt e ar , 04. HER MAJESTY. BALMORAL, Oct. 1. The Queen, accompanied by Prince Louis of Hesse, drove out yesterday morning, and her Ma jesty again drove in the afternoon to the Balloch buie. accompanied by Princess Helena, and attended by Lady Churchill. The Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse rode on horseback. The Prince and Princess of Wales dined with her Majesty. The Judge Advocate. General, the Right Hon. T. E. Headlam, arrived at the Castle yesterday, and had an audience of her Majesty. His Imperial Highness Prince Napoleon and suite left the Clarendcn Hotel last night, and proceeded to Paris via Dover. PRINCE NAPOLEON and suite yesterday visited the establishment of Mr. D. Brucciani (Formatore to the British Museum), Great Russell-street, Covent-garden, and expressed great satisfaction at viewing his extensive collection of works of art. The Earl of Lincoln arrived in town yesterday evening from Newmarket. The Earl and Countess Russell, Viscount Am barley, and Ladies Russell arrived yesterday at Minto House, near Hawick, on a visit to the Earl and Countess of Minto. On leaving Minto House the noble earl and countess will continue their journey southward: The Earl and Countess of Erroll are expected to arrive at their residence in Grafton-street to-day from Slaines Castle, Aberdeenshire. The Lord Bishop of London and Mrs. Tait were last week the guests of the Lord Bishop of Bangor, at the Palace, Bangor. They have since been staying with Colonel and Lady M. L. Douglas Pennant, at Penrhyn Castle, near Bangor, and are now the guests of the Hon. W. 0. Stanley, au Penrhos, Holyhead. THE INDIAN PRINCE, lATIENDEA. NATH JAGORE, has recently ascended Mont Blanc. MIL JOHN LEECH, the popular artist, has gone for a holiday to Homburg. MGR. DEBELAY, ARCHBISHOP OF AVIGNON, expired on Sunday evening, in the 64th year of hie age. The deceased retained all his faculties to the last, and died so tranquilly that those present were not aware when he breathed his last. Why has Mr Sergeant Shee been Passed Over ? [We would particularly direct attention to the subjoined remarks which appear in to-day's number of the Law Times. Coming, as they do, from a professional organ of so much ability and of such. well-known independence, they will be regarded, we doubt not, by Mr. Sergeant Shea himself as a tr i bute not unworthy of his acceptance. Beyond whit has here been said, so very sensibly and so very rea sonably, by our legal contemporary, we ourselves are perfectly well satisfied that the surprise, and regret, and even chagrin, caused by this discourteous pass ing over of a man as distinguished and popular as Mr. Sergeant Shee, whose claims to a seat on the bench have been so long and generally recognised, will not be confined to the profession alone, but will extend beyond the profession to men of all creeds and all . parties.—En. Sun.] Mr. Sergeant Pigott has received the office that was, by the whole profession, desired for Mr. Ser geant Shee. Except that he was M.P. for Read ing, the new Baron of the Exchequer had no claim not enjoyed by the man to whom all fingers pointed, as the man having the best title. We have no ob jection to make to the new Judge ; on the contrary, he is quite competent, and must have attained the honour in due time, but it was not his turn now ; Mr. Sergeant Shee had a better title, and should have been preferred. It is said that his religion stood in his way ; that he is ostracised because he is a Roman Catholic. For the credit of a Govern ment calling itself Liberal, we hope it was not thus. If so it was, what becomes of our boasted tolera tion ? Religions liberty is based upon the principle that a man's religion is solely a question between himself and his God, and that no other man has a right to question it in any way, or directly or in , directly to subject him to any disability or annoy ance on account of it. If Mr. Sergeant Shee, having every professional title to a judgeship, is thrust aside because he is a Roman Catholic, inasmuch as no other is likely ever to have a better claim, his rejection is, in fact, a proclamation by the Govern ment that Roman Catholic lawyers shall in Eng land be excluded from the Bench. Most deeply is such a decision to be lamented, not merely for the present loss of an ornament to the judgment -seat which it entails upon us, but for the indignity to which it subjects a numerous seetio.n of our brother lawyers. MOLDO-WALLACHIA. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR, —Having in your impression of the 28th ult. in. serted a letter concerning the Greek monasteries of Molde- Wallachia, you will perhaps kindly allow me to add some details upon a subject which has already called for the in terference of English diplomatists. At the close of the year 1859 Prince Couza became Hospo dar of Moldo-Wallachia, and early in the following year we find him with apparent goodwill proceeding to carry into effect the regulations laid down by the 13;h protocol of the Paris Conference for the regulation of the :differences exist ing with regard to the Greek monasteries. On the 22d of January, 1860, the Minister of Public Worithip of Jail addressed a note to the Representatives of the Holy Places, requesting them to inform the Greek communities which they represented that the respective Governments of Jess: , and Bucharest had decided that "all the Greek communi ties to which any of the Roumain monasteries of the.' Princi palities are dedicated shall be invited to send delegates to represent them to the Government of the United Print ipali ties. These delegates are to come provided with the acts of the founders upon which the claims of the Greek co xn" munities are based, and must be empowered to treat; of everything that concerns the regulation of the dedicated monasteries." As the term of a year prescribed by the 13th protocol for the arrangement by a commission of arbitrators, would ex pire in the following September, the Minister of Public Worship requested the heads of the convents to hasten the departure of the delegates. On the same day a similar note was despatched by the Minister of Public Worship at Bucharest to the representatives of the Holy Places. OA the 25th of January, M. Negry, agent of the Principalities at Constantinople, addressed a note to the Patriarchs an& the Greek communities, praying them to hasten the de parture of the delegates. On the 10th of March, 1860, the Greek communities informed M. Negry that their deputies were ready to set out for Bucharest. On the 20th of June, Prince Couxa published an ordinance, naming three com missioners on the part of the Principalities to treat with the deputies of the Holy Places. On the 23d of June, the Minister of Public Worship addressed a note to the depa" ties of the Holy Places, appointing the 3d of July for the first meeting of the commissioners. So far everything seemed very straightforward. But orl. the 4th of July, we, the representatives of the guaranteeing Powers at Constantinople, addressing a note to the Sublime Porte, in which after reciting the paragraph of the 131 11 protocol, bearing reference to th e G ree k monaster i es , they add : It appears from what wo have learned that the GO' vernments of the two Principalities, without awaiting . 11 , solution of the question in di s p u t e a f ter t h e mant tor down in the protocol, have taken resolutions that falsify the spirit of the arrangement agreed upon by the gre BV Powers. It is on that account that the undersigned pray the Ottomaa Government to please remind the Govern' ments of the Principalities, after whatever manner seeta 4 , fitting, of their pr o p er d uty concerning this question, and let them know th e unan i mous opinion of the reFesentl,, tives of the five Powers at Constantinople in this regard. , There can be n o s t ronger condemnation ct;Prince Cowin conduct than this immediate interference on the part of the representatives of the great .Powers.—l remain, titr, Yt )la obedient servant, A LOVER OF FREb'DOM• THE LORD CHANCELLOR is said to he emploY ea on a grand keheme for consolidating and amending bane ruptcy law. SIR E. B. LYTTON ON FOR.AIS OF GOVERNMENT. - ' If I were an American, I should regard as the vvor o affliction that could befall my country the substitution l'` ) democracy, with all its faults, of a constitutional monarebl' with all its merits ; because my countrymen would buVf been accustomed to associate their elementary ideas 0 , liberty with republic an i nst i tut i ons. S o , b e i n g a n Engles,4 man, I should r egar d i t as the wors t affliction that , catl' i befall my countrymen, to substitute for constitutio; monarchy a democ ra ti c repu blic, because all their hall o of mind are f orme d on t h e no ti o n that liberty, on the v/ 11 0 11 , is safer, and the dignity of lite is higher, where the inety;_ e tions essential to the duration of constitutional mon ercii ; make the representatives of the public interests other t1' ,13 , the paid servants of a class that must of necessity be oLd.s least educated and the mosteciteahle...-13Wico ° Magazine,