The Sun. — London, England, 1863-09-19 00:00:00

LONDON, SATURDAY, SEPT. 19, 1863. Daring the autumnal recess our Representative men are, many o f them, frequently to be ob served availing themselves of all kinds of op portunities upon w hich to address the general multitude upon a great variety of subjects. A very f e w days more, and the venerable ex- Chancellor Lord BROUGHAM, now in his eighty sixth year, will be inaugurating at Edinburgh the annual meeting of the Social Science Associa tion, as its President. It was but very recently that the great reorganiser of our modern system of ordnance, that happily-named Sir WILLIAM ARMSTRONG, was in the same capacity doing the very like, at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, by the British Association. Fortunately for ourselves, hero in England, no such incident could by any possibility occur amongst us as the one which recently im • parted so profound and peculiar, and even, it might be said, so pathetic an interest to the mere oratori cal proceedings in connection with the late re markable gathering from all parts of Europe, in the old Flemish city of Malines. There, for the first time, after the lapse of many years, of absolute silence so far as the public were concerned, the Count DE MONTALEMBERT had the strings of his eloquent tongue loosened for a while—by what miraculous process P—by the simple circumstance of his breathing a free-er atmosphere ! An incident like that, we repeat, could not by any possibility have occurred amongst us, here in England, under the beneficent institutions of our constitutional Government. It is not simply that here, according to the magnificent hyperbole of CURRAN, the chain falls from the slave directly his foot touches this soil hallowed to freedom. It is not merely that the gross material indications of arbitrary rule are swept out of the view of every free born Englishman. It is—that absolute freedom of speech, no less than of persons, is assured unre servedly to each and all of the inhabitants of the United Kingdom. A citizen of the British Empire, the COUNT DE MONTALEMBERT need not during all these last dozen years and more of his pure and noble career, have been stricken dumb, as it were, have had all his rare and lofty gifts of oratory hushed, and hidden away, under the evil influence of a re pressive and arbitrary system of Government. Hardly any more striking illustration of the extraordinary contrast observable in this one particular, namely, in regard to the liberty of speech allowed upon the opposite sides of the British Channel, could have thrust itself upon the recognition of every thoughtful observer, than that presented to view upon a corn parison of the reception accorded, in their respective countries, to the two principal personages but lately the cynosure of the four thousand souls then listening to their utterances, in turn, before the great Congress at Malines. The recep tion, always liberal and generous, accorded here at every available opportunity, in Pro testant England, to Cardinal WesemeN I. The 'denial of any reception at all, in his capacity as a public speaker, there in Catholic France, to the Count do MONTALEMBERT! The contrast here presented to view is, in truth, something very re markable. It is one as honourable to the generous spirit of the English people, as it is diametrically the reverse in regard to our friends across the Channel. 'Unless it be altogether a farce in regard to the elective franchise, yonder in France, under the shadow of the ballot—and the results of the elections in ell the various arron disements in Paris would certainly appear to indi cate by the simple fact cf their unanimity in sig nalizing the rejection of the whole crowd of the imperial candidates, that it is not a farce altogether —unless it be a farce to talk about the freedom of Toting at least in the French provinces under cover of the Ballot urn, the discredit attaching to the circumstance of the Count DE MONTALEM BEAT'S rejection by the; electors of Doubs e must b 3 s h are d p re tty equally betw een those electors themselves and the agents of the Etar.Ettoß's Government. Whil e, b y rea son of their total lack in France o f f ree d om i n spe aking, in writ ieg, and printing, almost, it would seem (if we may judge by the conduct of the electors at Doubs a few g and in in thinki n months back), feelin g—while by reason of all this, th •-0 Count DE AIWNTALEM BERT is constrained, in orclzr to utter the thoughts that are burnicg within him, in his very heart, in his very soul, to make a jrnrney from Paris to Aralines, so that he may there speak, ie Catholic Belgium, it is true, but under a Protestant Soya reign —here, in this Protestant England of ours, Cardinal -WISEMAN is magnanimously allowed perfect freedom of speech whensoever he Este. H i s reception by the general public upon every occasion on which he has cared to appear before them as an orator, or lecturer, being characterised, moreover, by a noble toleration—a toleration evidenced by the respectful cordiality with which at these times he is invariably welcomed. As scarlet is said to have some sort of strange, maddening influence upon a Bull; it might have been conjectured by some of the more cynical depreciators of our national character that upon JOHN BULL the full-blown scarlet of a Cardi nal must needs have an influence, in every conceiv able degree as maddening. The more fact, however, of Cardinal IVisEmaN's lecturing from time to time, coupled with the fact of his welcome by us English people 'whensoever he does lecture, must long since have gone far to dissipate every sinister gibe of this kind as so much idle extravagance. Mean while, it must be allowed, in regard to Cardinal WisEmAN himself, that he also has individually a fall right to his fair share in halving this perfectly reciprocated toleration. A Prince of the vast Hierarchical system, having its centre at Rome — head himself of a hierarchy the establishment of which in this country thirteen years ago was opposed by all the powers of the State both within and without the walls of Parliament—he has, nevertheless, personally held his ground since then so manfully and judiciously that he has won his way long ago to our respectful consideration, as a race of freemen, as his fellow-country-men and fellow-citizens. And it is thus in a great measure, as it appears to us, because, besides being a Cardi nal, and therefore a Foreign Prince, a man of letters and a man of science, an orator and a philologist — in a word, as the Times calls him this morning, simply but emphatically, one ofthemen of the an day"—he is also unaffectedly andessentially Englishman. mon things, and the speeches deliver Agricultural banquets ar e b y no medeaantsthuonmcoamre seldom very remarkable. The address of Lord e ona Ne u e a s l , however, delivered on the occasion of the show of the Cumberland and Westmoreland Agri cultural Society, forms an exemption to the ordinary discourses. In gives in clear and graphic language a sketch of the astonishing progress which has taken place in our agricultural science in the last thirty or forty years. That short space of time has witnessed a total revolution in the whole system of modern farming. If our grandfathers, said Lord NAAS, were to rise from their graves they could hardly believe what they saw. In the last century, he added, the three great essentials of successful agriculture have all been, so to say, discovered, or rather the importance and urgency of their adop tion have been fully recognised. These three essen tials are draining, deep ploughing, and artificial manure, not one of which was practised a hundred years ago. Since that time the improvements in the different breeds of cattle has been as rapid and as striking as the increased value of the soil; and the most valuable breed we have—the short-horned Durham—has been called into existence within that time. Still more remarkable is the change in the weapons used by the farmer to subdue nature to his needs. Thirty years ago the farmer, as Lord NAAS reminded his hearers, thought no other ina• plement necessary for the cultivation of his land than the common plough. Since then improvement has followed improvement, invention has followed invention, until almost every kind of farm work can now be done by machinery better, cheaper, and more quickly than by hand. At first there existed, as we all know, a strong prejudice against their use, though the farmers are not on that account more deserving of censure than the townsmen. The objection to the introduction of these artificial workmen was common in all classes. In every trade there were serious obstacles to en counter, much prejudice and bitter oppo. sition to overcome, before machinery was got fairly to work. In the case of the farmers the objection continued perhaps longer, being still in force when handlooms were discarded and spinning jennies no longer recognisable in their new forms. The prejudice, like all other prejudices, has been unable to hold its ground against the march of en lightenment and progress, and accordingly th e number and variety of agricultural machines used in this country have gone on increasing until they have reached the result displayed by the statistics quoted by Lord NAAS. It was found that at the late exhibition of the Royal Agricultural Society at Worcester there was a considerable increase in the number of entries at a similar show at Canterbury three years before, the number in the one case being 3,947, and in the other 5,839. The Great Exhibi tion, too, displayed the same evidences of progress in this department. "In 1852 six firms turned out 270 steam-engines for agricultural purposes ; and in 1861 the sense firms sold 898, which was an in crease of 330 per cent. In 1861 two firms that had no standing as plough-makers in 1852 sent out 9,309 ploughs. Four firms that had no existence in 1851 as makers of cultivators, made and sold 1,199 of these implements in 1861. Three firms who manufactured 333 corn-drills in 1852, raised the number in 1861 to 703. Four firms who in 1858 sold only 32 reaping machines, in 1861 sold 1,715. In 1852 six firms sent out 327 thrashing machines; in 1861 they sold 1,084. The horse rakes rose in the same period from 611 to 1,739, from five firms; the haymakers of two firms, from 50 to 721 ; the chaff-cutters by three firms, from 1,004 in 1855 to 4,805 in 1861 ; and five firms which in 1852 turned out 64 corn-bruisers, increased the number in 1861 to 2,680," & c . The fact of this large and increasing number of various machines being now in use in England proves ho w very muc h t h e us e of machinery has superseded hand-labour. Lord NAAS alluded to one import an t reason for t h e pre j u dice at one time so generally felt against its use, namely, the notion that the use of machinery would do away with a great deal of manual labour, and consequently be the means of occasioning serious distress among the honest and industrious poor. This idea has now been proved to be fallacious. As many per sons are now employed in agricultural pursuits as at any other time ; and, moreover, it has been proved that the increased expenditure required by the use of machinery has resulted in the increase of production, and, consequently, in the number of persons employed. All these arguments were clearly and ably set forward b y L or d N AAS , w ho forcibly showed that, although in some instances individuals might suffer, the great body of the working classes could not fail to profit by any process that augments the prosperity of the particular industry in which they are engaged. While discoursing on the condition of the labour ing classes, Lord NAAS could hardly fail to touch upon the topic that has lately been brought promi nently before the attention of the public. The state of the homes of our working men and their families has often been discussed, though little change for the b e t ter h as, we f ear, resu l te d from such discussions. It is, theeefore, very desirable that speakers in the position of Lord Nees should Insist on the importance of the subject, and point oa t to landlords and employers that „hat is their duty ie;also their interest. "Your labourer," said Lord Nees, " is the most valuable and most delicate machine on your farm. Ill s weakness is your loss, hi s strength is your gain. Y ou will find, even in a money point of view, that you will get much more valuable work out of your labourer if he is well cared and provided for —well lodged and clothed, comfortable, contented, and happy." The noble lord did not, of course, fail to put the question on higher grounds, to obs_rve that on the reflection of the common needs of humanity, the feelings and necessities incidental alike topeer and peasant, on the sense of what is due to public health, morality, and decency, " what at first ap peared a matter of economy and money, becomes a matter of duty—a duty of the very highest order." From whatever motive, it is to be hoped that landlords will speedily do something to remedy this crying evil, the responsibility of whose con • tinuance cannot be lifted from their shoulders. Lord NAAS suggested that the surplus derived from the bountiful harvest of this year of plenty could in no way be better employed than in im proving the dwellings of the labourer. We must hope that his remarks will have weight with the company he addressed. The claims of agricul ture were ably represented by his Lordship, and the interest with which his address will be read by non-professional readers, affords a sufficient evidence that the noble old art of farming has advanced out of the dull routine work of the past century into the higher area of science and know ledge. The King of GREECE has started on his journey under favourable auspices. His departure was cele. brated with great pomp, and, altogether, everyone seemed to conspire to do him honour. All the Ministers of State, Foreign Ministers, municipal authorities, and civil and military functionaries, were present at his embarkation. Ho was cheered by great crowds of people, and the streets were decorated with the Greek and Danish flags. The Chief President of the city of Copenhagen addressed farewell speeches to King GEORGE, to which the new Sovereign responded in a suitable manner, ex pressing his best wishes for the welfareand pro speritywas of Denmark. Thus, King GEORGE started on his journey with good prospects before him, leaving favourable impressions behind him, It is to be hoped that the same flattering auguries will attend him in his new empire, and that his opening reign will fulfil the expectations that have been formed of him. In his visits to the three great capitals he will have opportunity of judging for himself concerning the state of things and the mode of procedure in carrying on theaffairs of great countries\ These mighty nations may afford him at the same time encouragement, warning, and example. From each he may derive benefit and deduce experience. In St. Petersburg he may mark many strange and unwarrantable transac tions, but on the whole he will find progress pre dominating. The spirit of improvement has pene trated to the city of the Cossacks, and already the signs of the times are apparent in the changes that are taking place and the decrees that save been issued. King GEORGE may well draw a moral from this revolution in the settled despotism that prevailed there until lately, and when he reaches his own kingdom endeavour to inaugurate, as far as possible, the modern style of government in lieu of the old worn-out type of absolutism. It may be all promise and profession on the part of the Government of St. Petersburg, but still the occur rence of these alterations in such an empire testify to their necessity, and speak volumes for the feelings that have brought them about. In France the young KING will be struck with the intelli gence and activity of the people. There liberty is more an " idea " than a reality, but still its image is cherished with an ardent zeal and worshipped with a deep devotion. Without any marked or visible alteration in outward affairs,a striking poli tical movement is taking place ; there are many un deniable proofs of the sentiment of the nation being associated with progress, and the genius of the people has identified itself with the nation, In England the Grecian Monarch must be specially impressed with the benefit and blessings of liberal iustitutions. He will witness a great nation that apparently is quiescent, but that is nevertheless ever on the watch to guard its lights and secure its advantages. All these things must have an in fluence on the young possessor of royal honours. That he may profit by his tour of inspection is to be earnestly desired, and if he reaches the sphere of his own authority, having derived instruction from divers quarters and gained enlightenment in several ways, he will not begin his arduous career with such obstacles in the road to success as some may at first imagine. He will, at least, have the merit of deserving to prosper if he does not do so. It will be his only chance to adopt at once some decisive course of action, "No time like the time present" must be his motto, for it will be tenfold more difficult to make any change farther on when men's minds may not be prone to receive new notions, but may be tempted to fall back into the old routine and denounce progress impossible, and an improvement unsuitable to the time and occasion. The arrangements with regard to the Danish suc cession seem to be Neu satisfactorily settled. King GEORGE has agreed to take the last place in the order of succession. By this means it is most probable that all parties were satisfied, both in Greece and in Denmark. The Greeks will feel that their new monarch has entirely associated himself with his subjects, and made them and their concerns the chief object of his interests, and the centre of his plans. The Danes will also be glad to know that their Prince has net altogether forsaken th t e h m at . While the good wishes and kindly feelings accompanied King GEORGE from his own country are realised, it is to be trusted that his mild expres sions regarding the welfare of Denmark may be also exancees. The recent intelligence from Frank fort does not bode any good in the affair of Holstein. On the contrary, Austria has assumed a menacing attitude, and seems resolved to try the force of threats, and the arguments that are associated with a hostile attitude. It is said that no attention has been paid to the representations which the other Powers, especially England, have made in reference to that vexed question. " Austria has declared that Copenhagen C a bi net to prevent a it rm re e s d ts i w nt i e t r h ve t n h t e inn, and that Denmark, not Ger many, must give in." This is absurd on the face of it, and A.ustrie, may yet find that meddling in this matter may cost her too dear. The King of DEN MARK must hold his own with a determined spirit, and make a firm stand against the encroachments and inroads of those who will arrogate to them selves a right that they have not. These German wiseacres must not expect that they are to have it all their own way, and they had better use dis cretion and retire in time from the persistent course which they have of late adopted, and so gain the respect of those nations which now regard their policy to Denmark with distrust and suspicion. Mr. SALA, it is rumoured, is hard at work on Napoleon the Great and his imprisonment in St. Hellena. Mr. Sala, ~ v 6 hear, has much new matter of importance to introduce, an d his vigorous t renc h ant style will be sure to make his pages interesting. Ile will take the part of "the caged lion," and be among the most eloquent denunciators of the perfidious Sir Hudson Lowe. The Ga: - .:elle de France publishes the following : —" We learn from London that King Francis 11. of Naples has sent an autograph letter to Lord Henry Lennox, M.P., in which his Majesty thanks the noble lord for the kind sympathy he expressed for the sufferings of the prisoners and of the Neapolitan people, in his speech in the House of Commons on the Bth May last. King Francis 11. is well aware that Lord Henry Lennox is not a partisan of his dynasty, but that consideration, far from stopping him, has, on the contrary, more strongly urged him to render justice to the part so worthily fulfilled by __ the noble lord, and to express to him his gratitude and his admiration for the courage which he displayed in making known the whole truth to the English Parliament and people." The Isle of Man in a few days will, it is said, be placed iA telegraphic cciagglAicltioll Witi4 4Pglccik Fl EA VRE ROYAL DRURY - LANE. - j. Manag trs, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. THIS EV ENING, the new and original Comedy, by Ed mund Fal - on per, entitled NATURE'S ABOVE ART : A Ro mance of the Nursery : M essrs.Walter Lacy, Addison, Ryder, Barrett, G. : B elmore, F. harles. Neville ;_ Miss Charlotte Bann . ers. M Lis Murray, Miss R. Leclercq, Mrs. Melville, and rs. Edmun d Falconer. To concd e C ith A DAY WELL SPENT : Messrs. G. lu Belmore, F. ha w rles ; Mesdames Murray, Harfieur, and C. Weston. Box-office o pen from Ten till Five daily. Prices as usual. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. tossee, Mr. George Vining. For the Benefit of Mr. Walter Montgomery. TTIIS EV ENING, VIRGINIUS and BAMBOOZLING. Mr. Walter 2 dontgomery and Miss Kate Saville. Commence at 7. NE" THEATRE-R0 YAL, ADELPHL-• Sole Propri.tor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, THE TRAGEDY QUEEN. Mrs. Stirling. Followed by the new comic drama, THE HEN AND CHICKENS ; or, A Sign of Affection. Messrs. Billington, It. Phillips, Stephenson ; Mrs. Stirling and Miss H. Simms. Alter which, at -past 8 o'clock, the new drama of THE HAUNTED MAN; OR, THE G OS 1"S BARGAIN, in which will be exhibited Professor Pepper's adaptation of 'he Great Spectral Illusion. Messrs. A. Wood, R. Phillips, Sefton. C. J. Smith; Mrs. Alfred Mellon and Miss H. Simms. To conclude with CATCHING AN HEIRESS : Mr. A. Wood. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Manager, Mr. W. H. Swanborough. THIS EVENING, HIS FIRST CHAMPAGNE. Mr Leigh Murray. Followed by (54th time) THE MOTTO, "I'M ALL THERE." Messrs. Honey, Turner, E. Danvers, Collier, Clifton; Mesdames Ada Swanborough, F. Josephs, Maria Simpson, Wallace, and Jenny White. To conclude with TURN HIM OUT. Mr. Turner, Miss Thorne. Commence at 7. THE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, can be had Every Evening of G. R. GLENIE, Ntws AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DXY.—Morning, sh. 35m.—Afternoon, sh. 58m. To-moßßovr.-Morning, 611. 18m.—Afternoon, 6h. 45m, The Weather—Sun Office, Sept. 19, 1863. THERMO3IETER. This morning This day at Two o'clock GO ~.. ...._ Barometer-29.79. Wind—West ; very fine. • , 4 ; , fi, zjit . Sum THE SON. LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 19, 1863. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. [REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.] AMERICA. (Per the Persia.) QUEENSTOWN, SEPT. 19. The Royal Mail steamship Persia, from New York on the 9th inst., arrived here at 2.30 a.m. to-day, with 72 passengers and 304,387 dols. in specie. She landed all mails and five passengers, and proceeded at 3.15 p.m. All well. NEW YORK, SEPT. 7. It is denied that Lee's army or any part of it crossed the Rappahannock, except an inferior cavalry force. Deserters report Lee's forces south of the Rapids between Blue Ridge and the mouth of the Rappahannock, and evincing no sign of a forward movement. The New York Times' correspondent states that three brigades of Lee's infantry had loft Fredericks burg on Thursday to reinforce Bragg. Advices from New Orleans of 29th ult. state that the Confederates in Attakapas County crossed the Grand Lake 8,000 strong. It is supposed they in tended to attack Brashear City for supplies. General Schofield has telegraphed to the Go vernor of Missouri that there will be an invasion of Missouri by the Kansas people. Guerillas have been threatening Eastern Ken tucky since the removal of Burnside into Ten nessee. The reported approaching departure of ironclads from England causes considerable excitement. The New York Herald recommends war rather than submission to such hostile measures. It sug gests that, as soon as an Anglo-rebel steamer at tacks a Northern port, an embargo be laid on Bri tish shipping to compensate for the damage, and that British property should be sequestered until a settlement is made by England. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, SEPT. 8 (Evening), Money easier, Gold, 32 per cent. premium. Exchange on Loudon—Bankers' bills, 1451. Stocks improving. New York Centrals, 133 ; Illinois, 1261-; Erie, 1051 ; 6 per Cent. United States Bonds, 105. Cotton inactive. Middling Upland, 69c. Flour and corn heavy. Wheat in limited de mand. Provisions in good demand. Coffee very firm, Sugar quiet. Molasses very firm. Petroleum, 351 to 371. Stocks better. Gold, 32 per cent. premium. and that a NEW YORK, SEPT. 9, M ornin g . Southern d espatches from Ch a tt a nooga, to the s th i nst., say th at b oth arm i es wer e in close proximity, meat at any moment. Southern j ourna l s say slight cause might bring on an engage. that the Federals w er e re pulsed at D ramend Gap , Tennessee. They shelled London, killing two women. A bridge was burnt to prevent their crossing. The same journals state that General Prince had defeated the F e d erals b e l o w Little Rock , Arka nsas. Imboden, with 1 , 2 00 men , had attacked the Fede rals, 300 str ong, a t Moorfield, Virginia. Th e Federals fell b ac k to C um berland. T he Confede rates had atta c k e d B at h, Western Vir g inia, but were repulsed. Q uantre ll is 30 miles from K ansas city, with increased forces. The citizens of Kan sas were still preparing fo r an invasio n of Missouri, Memphis despatches report numerous desertions and demorali...tion in Bragg and Johnstone's a rm i es. Much Secession feeling is said to prevail i n Ten. n essee. The Baltimore correspondent of the New York will shortly 1 Rosen.sive. Correspondence from ass erts that General Lee Burnside a f s i- s e u ta m i e d t e h t e il d i efe n t Purpose, it cranz to the I s t inst. states that informati on had been n or th w r e a c r e d i v f e rdhat the Confederates were mov i ng o r a Chattanooga for some efeoor d ra t e o d endeavourunction t w o i o t v h e i r t w a h s e e n l m e r a n z . bee we f s or e e l' p h i Secretarychase has satisfactorily concl u d ed the 60,0000,000 d o l. loan with the banks. The New York Tribune says it is rumoured that Juarez has ar rived at Washin g ton i ncognito, and had several int erviews with Mr. Se ward. General l itaSchoffeld has ordered th at the Kansas mi shall no t be allowed to ent er Ali ssouri. i General Bur nside has occupied K noxville. The siege of Charleston has no decided result up to the present. The troops are removing from the public squares of New York to the suburbs of the city. Correspondence between Fernando Wood and President Lincoln, dated December last, has been published. Wood informs Mr. Lincoln that he has information that the Southern States would send representatives to the Federal Congress, provided a general amnesty was granted, and suggesting that an official correspondence be opened with the Southern l e aders on the subject. Mr. Lincoln re plied that be thought Air. Wood's information would prove groundless, but if the people of the Southern States would cease resistance, reinaugu rate, s ubmit to an d andmaintain the national authority w ithin the limits of the Southern States, under the Federal Constitution, then war would cease on the part of the United States. If within a reasonable time a full and general amnesty were necessary to such end it would not be withheld, but ho did not think it prop e r to communicate this to the Southern People, who, he believed, already knew it, and when they chose, could communicate with him une quivocally. Mr. Fernando Wood replied, regretting. that Mr. Lincoln declined the innocent effort to ascertain whether the South desired to return to TT the Union. The DJuglas eaptposition and Breckinridge sections of the D e mocratic p arty have held a meet i ng at N ew York, all minor differences were satis factorily adjusted, Whieh in order that an united Demo cratic to President Lincoln's administra tion might b e presented to the people during future elections. The Mayor of Leayenworth, Kansas, has been arrested by the military authorities. This occur rence has caused much excitement. The Wilmington blockading fleet has been strengthened. According to Southern despatches from Charles ton to the 6th inst., the bombardment of Forts Wagner and Gregg by fleet and land batteries had been incessant for the last 32 hours. Tbey also state that on the sth inst. the enemy landed near Comm in g's Point, assaulted Fort Wagner, and was repulsed. Correspondents assert Admiral Dahlgren to be of opinion that Sumter is not silenced—his chief pilot stating that the north-west of the work was as sound as ever, six - guns being mounted on the parapet. General Gilmore does not share this opinion. The General has mounted 30 guns, which will shortly throw Greek fire into Charleston. It is rt;paried that General Rosencranz attacked Chattanooga on the ith The Scotia has arrived out. NEW YORK, Sm. 11. General Gilmore officially reports under date of the 7th inst. that his guns completely cover the city and harbour of Charleston. The Confederate flag is still waving over Fort Sumter. Eight moni tors are bombarding Forts Moultrie and Beauregard and the Bee battery. Cotton, middling upland 70e. Morris Island has been entirely evacuated by the Confederates. The Federals captured 19 gnu and 100 prisoners. The latest accounts from Charleston state that the bombardment of Fort Moultrie by the Federal vessels was actively progressing, and it was re ported that the magazine of the fort had been blown up. The Federals have captured Fort Smith, Ar kansas. Thoy have also occupied Chattanooga, the Confederates having evacuated that place. Two thousand Confederates have been captured at Cumberland Gap. Tne steamer Vactorus (? Pactolus) has been wrecked at Little Hope, near Liverpool, Nova Scotia. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, SEPT. 11 (Evening). Money easy. Gold, 29 per cent. premium. Ex change, 8421. Stocks, limited demand. New York Centrals, 132, Six per Cent. U.S. Bonds, 1051. Cotton quiet. Middling Upland, 69c. Flour, wheat, and corn declining. Provisions quiet. Coffee steady. Molasses good enquiry. Sugar steady. Crude petroleum slightly firmer, 36c. MEXICO. NEW YORK, SEPT. 11. Advices from Mexico to the 15th ult. state that Miramon had declared his allegiance to France, and General Forey had appointed him Commander of the Mexican forces. The United States and Cen tral American Ministers, in reply to a notification from the Triumvirate, had declared that they must reccgnise the Juarez Government until otherwise instructed by their Governments. Comonfort and Doblado had appealed to the Mexicans to respect the French. ARRIVAL OF THE TEUTONIA. SOUTHAMPTON, SEPT. 19. The Hamburg and American Company's steamer Teutonia, from New York on the sth instant, has arrived here. bne brings 111 passengers for this port, Havre, and Hamburg, 13,000 dole, for Eng land, and 3,800 for France. On the 9th inst. she passed the steamer Adriatic, and on the 10th tie English ship Mornington, both bound west. Her news has been anticipated. FRANCE. THE RUSSIAN REPLY. PARIS, SEPT. 19. The Courrier du _Dinzanche says :—" In the memorandum appended to his note to Prince Gortschakoff M. Drouyn de Lhays compares the ancient Polish provinces to the Kingdom of Poland. In the document attached to his reply Prince Gort schakoff does not hesitate to declare that, upon that ground, it would be impossible for him to accept even a simple exchange of amicable and confiden tial views." The same paper says :—" The statement that Baron Budberg will leave Paris on leave of absence is unfounded. The Grand Duke Constantine's journey to the Crimea is partly owing to the oppo sition his views relative to the Polish question en countered at St. Petersburg. The Grand Duke will not return to Warsaw." The Courrier du Dimanche states further that a rumour was current in Madrid that Marshal O'Donnell would again be placed at the head of the Government. Dounez, Sept. 18.—The market has been buoy ant, and a fair amount of business done at an ad vance. Threes, for the account, are now at 68f. 50c. Railway Share Market quiet, but prices well maintained. The marke the close, and left cff as fc 11 per Cents .. 96 Do. end month.... 3 per Cents Do. end month 6B 30 Credit Mobilier 1210 Do. end month 1212 50 Bank Shares 3105 Credit F oneier l4lO t again receded towards Mows : Italian Loan 74 20 Do. end month 74 15 New ditto Do. end month — Russian Austrian .. B4 75 Spanish Threes 52 60 Home Debt — RA ILWAYR. Cash. Account. Orleans 1035 .. 1033 75 Northern New ditto - • • --- Lyons and Mediterranean 1032 50 .. 1030 Geneva 497 50 __ . _ .. —.— Southern Western Eastern .... - Sardinian Austrian Lombard North of Spain ...... 560 .. 565 Saragost3a. . Ditto to Barcelona CIRCASSIA. The latest news from Circassia is up to the 25th of Moherrem (25th July). Ia the country of the Abazeghs and Chapsoughs, in the month of June, small detachments were organised in imitation of the corps of the Polish Insurrection. These detachments were charged to b:ockade the garrisons of the Russian forts, and to annoy them incessantly. Such a system has already had its effects. Three small forts have been abandoned by the Russians, and the Circassians every day kill some of the enemy or carry off the cattle. Those of the Abazeghs who, inhabiting a country more open to invasion, had been necessitated to submit to the Russians, were invited by their free countrymen to repair to a point situated between Yaghirah and Sokoum Kale, to deliberate on the affairs of the nation. A great meeting was held. Three-fourths of the Abazeghs who had submitted declared they wished to shake off the Russian yoke, and they took up arms. The remainder were not of the same mind. This difference of opinion led to very warm discussion. " What have you gained by submitting to the Russians?" cried those who had revolted, to the rest; " Come and fight with us for the independence of our fatherland." These words having had no effect on the minority, they came to blows and blood was shed, and those who pre ferred servitude to liberty lost a great many men. Subsequently to this affair the Russians sent re inforcements to Sakoum Kale. The Circassians have also organised several small detachments of cavalry. Three of these detach ments having heard that a Russian General with 150 horsemen had left a fort to repair to another place, marched to intercept them. A fight ensued, in which the Circassians were victorious. Almost all the Russian horsemen were killed or wounded, not more than 20 being able to make their escape. The General was made prfsoner. Great anxiety had been felt about the crop of cereals on account of the dryness of the season; but rain having fallen, these fears are now removed. The crop has turned out so abundant that it would be sufficient alone to feed twice the population of Circassia. The Russians may expect a troublesome war with the Circassians ; and all the friends of liberty must offer up prayers for the triumph of these courageous mountaineers.—Le Courrier d'Orient. EGYPT. - A letter from Alexandria, dated September the 11th,. says the Viceroy has returned from his voyage in Upper Egypt, much pleased it is said with the recention given him, his subjects having everywhere received him 'with acclamations. He went only as far as Eineb, instead of to Assouan as reported. His Highness is doing much to ameliorate the posi tion of the Fellahs, particularly in trying to lessen the enormous amount of interest paid by the people —3 and 4 per cent. a month i 5 no uncommon ob,arge. The Arab has a curious character ; the same man who is paying interest at the rate of 36 per cent, a year will spend £2O or £4O on a gold bracelet or coins for his wife. I have heard of a woman wearing £l3O in gold coins, plaited in among her hair. The truth is, they have no saving banks of any sort, they don't care for better dwellings than their mud huts, furniture they would not know what to do with ; and the only thing they do care for, and which would make them save, is land, which they cannot hold (save by the will of their master, who can turn them off it at any moment), so that there is no inducement for them to expend capital. News from the Soudan reports that the Blue Nile was at its full, the White Nile very high, and that both, as well as the Karif, were rapidly rising, while heavy rains were falling, and apprehension was felt for the consequences in Middle and Lower Egypt. The Government have, however, taken every possible precaution ; banks have been strenghened, dykes raised, and men stationed, day and night, to watch. The Viceroy has stated that he has no fear it the water does not pass 25 pikes; this would allow a rise of four or five feet more. For some days the river has been stationary, but it may rise at any moment during the next 18 or 20 days. A correspondent of mine, writing from Minieh, above Cairo, describes the river as magni ficent, but adds that it has already swept away several villages. The murrain, unfortunately, still continues, and will cause an immense loss to the country; it is already estimated at £1,000,000 sterling. Cotton is at very high prices, and the rich pro prietors who have hitherto kept back their stock are now bringing it forward. Small pickings of the new crop have begun to appear, both from Lower Egypt and the new fields in Upper Egypt; and it is certain that with the stimuating effect of present prices, every effort will be made to bring the crop to market as soon as possible. While up the Nile, the Viceroy received, two petitions, numerously signed by the Fellabs, beg ging that they might have the same facilities of transport for their produce as the people of Lower Egypt, and asking for railways. His Highness is now having surveys made. The line is not to run close by the edge of the river, but at some distance inland. The section from Cairo to the Favioum and Beni-Soueff, about 60 miles, will, it is believed, be the one first made, and then probably another from Assouan to Berber, to shorten the great bend which the river makes there, and also to connect the chain of communication' between Cairo and the Soudan, which is there broken by the rocky barriers of the cataracts. The line in the Delta from Tantah to Samanond has just been prolonged as far as Talkha, a village on the bank of the Damietta branch of the Nile, opposite Mansourah, and the centre of a great cotton growing district. This has been opened just in time to facilitate the transport of cotton to Alex andria. DEATH OF COUNT ALFRED DE VIGNY. Alfred Victor, Count de Vigny, whose death has been telegraphed from Paris, was one of the most conspicuous writers of his day, whether as novelist, poet, dramatist, or feuilletonist. He was born at Loches, March 27, 1799. His father distinguished himself in the Seven Years' War, and his mother was the daughter of Admiral the Marquis de Baran din, and cousin of the Baron de Bougainville, the adventurous navigator, who went on the track of the unfortunate La Peyrouse. One of his uncles, Hilary de Vigny, a devoted Bourbonist, returned to France with Louis XVIII., but, the lady to whom he was engaged in marriage dying sud denly, he became a Trappist monk. His other uncle was a great Chinese voyager, who assumed a man darin's habit and character. Young de Vigny was sent from his mother's house in the Faubourg St. Honore to the school of a M. Hix. Here he caught the French infection of " glory," and he and his schoolfellows were passionately enamoured of a military career. M. His said that if he persevered in his military ardour he would die a Marshal of France. And these precious young stoics, when they heard of the death of one of their old schoolfellows in battle, used to say, "Weep not ;he died on the field of honour"—a charming but very ridiculous sentiment for schoolboys. Giro det Triosan, the painter, was De Vigny's drawing master, and the Abbe Gaillard his private tutor. His mother, a noble-minded woman, in vain tried to wean him of his military passion by withdraw ing him from school. In 1816 he entered the ser vice in the regiment of the Red Musqueteers of the royal household. During the 100 days he was with Louis XVIII. at Ghent; he served in the Royal Guard, and in a regiment of the line for some years. In 1823. as captain of the 55th Regiment, he made the Spanish campaign. In 1828 he resigned his commission. From the age of;16 young De Vigny aspired to the reputation of a poet. So far back as 1815 we find him indulging in a Theocritean strain —in his " Dryade et Symeta." in 1822 he pub lished a volume of poems, including " Helena" "La Sonnambula" " Jephtha's Daughter," "The Woman taken in Adultery," &c. Between 1824 and 1826 he produced several poems on ancient and modern subjects, as " The Deluge," "Moses," "The Trappist," &c. In 1826 appeared Cinq Mars," which at once gained De Vigny a very high repu tation. It passed through four editions in three years, and is now one of the most popular worksin the whole range of French literature. " Otheilo' was first acted in 1829, but its success was not un equivocal. In the following year appeared "La Marechale d'Amore," which had hardly a "clear stage," owing to the troubled nature of the times. In 1832 De Vigny produced " Stella, or the Blue Devils," and three years later he brought out " Chatterton," originally a part of " Stello." " Chat terton" made a great noise in Parisian circles. Its truthfulness and its morality were warmly disputed,. but the eloquence of its style and the talent of Madame d'Orval triumphed. " Chatterton" was revived in 1857. In 1841 he wrote a letter on lite rary property, which made some stir. In 1843 he published " Philosophical Poems," " Savage," " The Death of Wolfe," &c. Many of his best poems ap peared at this time in the Revue des Deux lliondes. In 1845 Alfred de Vigny was received into the Academy in the room of Etienne. In 1833 (May 1) he had received the decoration of the Legion of Honour, and June 14, 1856, he was appointed an officer of that order. The count had been ill for a long time, and his death, though it has been heard of by the Parisian li'terateurs with deep regret, has been expected for months past. SINGULAR MARRIAGE CEREMONY IN MALABAR. —Their marriage ceremony is very simple, but it is also employed by some of the other inferior tribes, at certain times, although quite contrary to their rites. A large round building is made of leaves, and inside this the bride is ensconced. All the eligible young men of the vil lage then assemble, and form a ring around this hut. At a short distance sits the girl's father, or nearest male rela tive, with a tom-tom in his bands, and a few more such musical instruments complete the scene. Presently the m usic begins, and a chant, which may be translated as foi lows, is sung by the father : Take the stick my sweetest daughter, Now seize the stick my dearest love. Should you not capture the husband you wish for, Remember 'tis fate decides whom you shall have. The young men, each armed with a bamboo, commence dancing round the hut, into which each of them thrusts his stick. This continues about an hour, when the owner of whichever bamboo she seizes becomes the fortunate hus band of the concealed bride. Amongst the Nicomars, the bridegroom on his marriage invariably kills and eats a cat, in which he is assisted by the bride.—Day's Land of the _Permo?ds. The Moniteur tie la Illeurthe states that a whole family was poisoned at Ladres, near Nancy, two days since by eating mushrooms which the father had gathered in a wood. Antidotes were promptly administered, and all the parties recovered after much suffering. A SWELL DESCRIBED IN ALEXAVRINES : Airlie descended the last, effulgent as god of Olympus, Blue, half-doubtfully blue, was the coat that had white silk facings, Waistcoat blue, coral-buttoned, tbo white tie finely adjusted, Coral moreover the studs on a shirt as a crochet of women ; When the tourwhcel for ten minutes already had stood at the gateway, He, like a god, came leaving his ample Olympian chamber. —Vide "Mr. Clough's Poems : " A Tobacco, Cigat, and Snuff' Company (Limited) is talked of ; capital, £lOO,OOO, in 20,000 shares at £5 each. A new military prison is about to be erected in Southwark upon the site of the old Queen's 13sligh, Prison, „, ( ro b z )max c THE PRINCE OF WALES: We are requested to contiadiet, on authority, the rumour that has been some time in circulation relative to the pre sumed partnership of his Royal Highness the Prince of - Wales in the stud of the Duke of St. Alban's. His Grace has no confederate or partner whatever in his racing or breeding establishment. —Spot' tznq Gazette. ILLNESS OF THE KING OF WIIRTEMBURG. -- T llO venerable King of Wurtemburg, who is now in hiS 821 year, has been seriously ill for some days. Tho official journal of Stuttgart has published the following balletins respecting the condition of the King His Majesty w as attacked with a catarrhal fever some days since, in conse quence of a cold. Although tho attack of fever was slight from the first, and at present is only periodically apparent, there is .yet a bad cough, attended with copious expectora tion, - which prevents that rest at night which is 50 portant for the restoration of strength. His Majesty there' fore keeps his bed during a greater portion of the dal. —Stuttgart, Sept. 3.----The King's cough was not so crow blesome in the night, and he therefore enjoyed better rest ; consequently the condition of his Majesty is more satisfse" tory in proportion this morning.—Sept. 14." A rumour is current (says the Italie) that Ktpg Victor Emmanuel intends to visit Naples in the early P art of December. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge who arrived at Gloucester House late on Thursday nig h from Rumpenheim, the Duchess of Cambridge's seat in th e vicinity of Frankfort, attended at the Horse Guards y ea ' . terday afternoon, and was engaged there until nearly Jul" - past six o'clock. The Duke and Duchess de Chartres, who O il now in Germany, lately visited Dresden. Th e ir Roya l Highnesses dined with the King John and the RoY e/ family at Pillnitz. His Excellency Baron Gros is not expected to arrive at the French Embassy before Monday next. The Duke of Montrose is to leave Buchanan Castle, near Stirling, to-day, for the south, The duche o and Lady Violet Graham are making a series of visits. The Duchess of Buccleuch and Lady Victoria Scott are expected home the week after next from a tour in Germany. His E xcellency the Spanish Minister and Madatn e Comyn have left town for St. Leonards-on-Sea, to pass th e autumn. The Marquis and Marchioness of Waterford, after passing several weeks at Hamburg, left town on Taco" day last for Curraghmore, county Waterford, Ireland. The Earl Granville arrived at his house il l Bruton-street, last night, from Doncaster. The Earl of Portsmouth, the Hon. Charles " Fitzwilliam, the Hon. George W. Fitzwilliam, and a selec party have been staying on a visit to Mr. J. Brow°, t't Rossington Hall, during the race meeting at Doncaster. The Earl of Coventry, owing to the death of bil l relative, the Earl Beauchamp, did not attend the races at Doncaster, although he was the senior steward. In copse' quence of this event his lordship also gave orders that non e of his horses should be sent to Doncaster. The Earl of Sefton, after leaving Drummond Castle, Perthshire, where he was on a visit to Lord an Lady Willoughby de Eresby, joined the circle visit in g thB Earl and Countess Craven, at Coombe Abbey , pea Coventry. His lordship has since arrived at Crortatil Park, near Liverpool. The countess and Lady Cecilia Molyneux are also staying at Croxteth. The Earl and Countess of Erne have a selec t party at Crom Castle, invited to meet his Excellency t he , Earl of Carlisle, the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. The Ear . of Carlisle will leave to-day. The Earl and Countess of Mayo and Lady Bourke, who have bean on a tour in Germany, paw' through town on Tuesday for the family seat in Ireland. Viscount Sudley has arrived at the Earl n' Arran's seat in Ireland from a tour of visits. LORD BROUGHAM.—To-day, Lord Broughanl completes his 85th year, The noble and learned lord 0 now staying at Brougham Hall, but leaves that seat th e week after next for Edinburgh to preside at the gatheriog of the Social Science Congress. Lady Brougham, who has been detained in NO by illness, leaves Grafton-street, at the beginning of nest week for St. Leonards-on-Sea. Miss Burdett Coutts and Mrs. Brown have left London for the Continent. Mr. Troplong, who has been dangerously ill, i° now considered out of danger. DEATH OF THE RIGHT HON. EDWARD ELLIaI M.P.—This gentleman was found dead in his bed on Thursday morning at Ardochy, one of the residences on his Highland estate at Glengarry and Glenquoich. lle ha d retired to rest in apparent good health on the previous night; so that even on those nearest to him the blow has descended without warning. The right hon, gentleman wasp Me 77th year, and with ono brief interval had sat in 4rlia. meat for Coventry since 1818. He was formerly a o el l, chant in London. In November, 1830, he was a pp ointe" joint Secretary to the Treasury in Earl Grey's Adrni his ; tration, and held that office till August, 1832; and Vla , Secretary at War from April, 1833, till December, I.B' He was twice married. First, to Lady Hannah A lthea, sister of the late Earl Grey and widow of Capt. Bettesworthf R.N , and afterwards to the Dowager Countess of Leicest er ) who died in 1844. The deceased gentleman was a Liberea in politics, and took a leading part in the preparation ae carrying of the Reform Bill. DEATH OF THE MARQUIS OF HUNTLY.---Ye ster day, at noon, the Marquis of Huntly expired at 1 0 residence, Orton Hall, near Peterborough, in the 72d It of his age. When in London during the past s eason, t"" marquis felt his health began to fail him, and o n the ecee ; sion of his daughter's marriage with the Hon. Gilb e ,, ° Heathcote he was not able to be present. After a time, hero ever, the Marquis rallied, and a manth ago he returned Orton, where he remained under the care of his local yeedl; cal attendant, Dr. Paley. On Sunday last the marrini° 0111 at church, but on Tuesday and Wednesday it was aP l c i, to those who knew him best that a change was at hf 0 Lord Lewis Aboyne, the marquis's second son, Wil e :: away with the Channel Fleet, was telegraphed for, ar t .„% e r. rived the same night. Lady Evelyn Heathcote and the . I T - 0 ; Gilbert Heathcote were also sent for. Up to almost the I to day the venerable marquis was able to take a drive i_ he n r n grounds of the hall. He only took to his bed to die Iba - the sod end occurred all his family were present il l ;it, house. Charles Gordon, Marquis of Huntly, Earl of go% rci Enzie, and Aboyne, Viscount of Melvin and Aboyne , ii m r• of Gordon and Badenock, Baron Aboyne, and Baron g e don of Strathavon, Glenlivet and Inverness, in the 1 0e of Scotland; and Baron Meldrum of Morven, oozing k r 'c r . deen, in that part of the United Kingdom; Premier 1 "'" 0 quis of Scotland and a baronet of Nova Scotia, was 130113°3, the 4th of January, 1792. succeeded on the 17th June, Ig°tb married, first on the Ist of March, 1826, Lady Eliis o : Henrietta Conyngham, eldest daughter of Henry? first Marquis Conyngham, born the 20th February, 17997 : e o i the 24th of August, 1839; and seco n dly, o n the 9 b" April, 1814, Mary Antoinetta, only surv i v ing deragiat er t ° l , the Rev. William Pegus, by Cha r lotte Susanna Eliza be 4 Countess Dowager of Lindsey, The Marquis of gun tie leaves a family of 11 children. He is succeeded in his t" and estates by his son Charles, Earl of Aboyne, who born on the sth of March, 1847, and is now consetrell' in his 17th year. THE LATE SIR FREDERICK SLADE„--Th e Pa r a graph which has been going the round, 15tat ' il l . the when that the descent of t would of Sir F. Slade and ance of his property be disputed, is said to have lie foundation. The late Sir Frederick Slade was m arried oo e ra and only once, to his wife Barbara, only sister o,f Vaux of Harrowden, at St. George's, openly and publicly. Sir Alfred Slade. Bart„ has $ ll cecded to his estate and title.—Court Journal. o f t--h Be e last night njaniinlV eus ter : announcesADELP Il hi l s a l n 'li nu E a A l T b ß e E ne . — fit, M r an . d. th season, for Saturday, S e p t. 26. Amon g s t other a WOO; items the programme comprises the Comedy of " r 1 rji~ and Faces," with Mrs. Stirling as Peg Woflangton, an d Webster as Triplet. FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE.--"I well re)zonbet her (writes Dr Hall, in his " Days in Derhs Blllre .„t in days gone by, visiting the cottages of the poor vili ette.- (1 illness was there, and d o i ng a ll s h e co uld to soothe II;t bless the sufferers. Th ere i s one cottage by the road-81d and overlooking a good p a rt of the Hurst and the ecel/430, beyond, where, long before she became known to t he vi ° : i a poor old relative of mine, a chronic invalid, deli gh te %j nothing so much as talking of the way she visited and apd inquiries about her without fuss or unwelcome freed on ; 01 when any of the poor neighbours got hurt in the O ult :10 0 1 or mines, she was always one of the first to offs r genuine help and solace." A GERMAN CLAIMANT TO THE GLORY OF P°i:t COVERING THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. — A " 1:1 :of street in Frankfort son-the. Maine has received the nerft,,: SUmmeting-street, from Samuel Thomas von SOmmerw: born 1755 at Thorn, and, after 1805, Member of the to demy at Munich, where he exclusively devoted his 0 0 110 a natomical and physiological studies, an d died 1830. j'ir, left a diary, from which his son, Court-Councillor Dr. i ty Sommering, now endeavours to prov e the electric teleg r", to be "a German invention"—mor e especially the 101 tion of S. Th. SOmmering. On the 28th of August, IS°n; SOmmering, it is said, road a paper before the Acaderei Munich, in which he develope d the theory of his juveatiellt: and in 1811 he handed over to the States-Councillor thel36 von Causta Schilling ll a complete apparatus , which el/ latter took to St. Petersburg, and with which exper ira were made before the Emperor Alexander. ,„,n A S CRATCI I A YANKEE , AND YOU WILL Fl , - 1, # RED INDIAN," is a phrase which some Northeru Inca recently applying to 4/.1 own me,