The Sun. — London, England, 1863-08-12 00:00:00

RICHARD MONCIiTON MILNES, M.P.- Poor John Bull —'Thoughts in a Crowd—in FUN this week. One Penny - N' THEATRE-R 0 AL, ADELPHI. Sole P ro prietor and Manager. Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, THE IRISH TIGER. After which, at Eight o'clock, a new drama, entitled THE HAUNTED MAN ; OR, T E GHOST'S 13ARGAIN, in which will be exhibited Professor Pepper's adaptation of the Great Spectral Illusion. Messrs. J. L. Toole, R. Pips, Seaton ' C. J? Smith; Mrs. Alfred Mellon and Miss H. Simms. Fo ll o wed by anew Burlesque, entitled ILL - TR EATED TROVATORE. Mcssrs..Toole P. Bedford, R. Phillips, Nbnrne. C. J. Smith, Romer ; the Sisters Nels on, Carry and Sara, and Mies K. Kelly. Commence at 7. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Manager, Mr. W. H. Swanborough. TO-NIGHT WHILE THERE'S LIFE THERE'S HOPE, Messrs. W. H. Swanborough, Parselle, Vollaire, G. Honey; Misses Ada Swanborough, L. Thorne, F. Hughes, Menders, and E. liufton. Followed by (22d time) THE MOTTO, "I'M ALL THER E." Messrs. Honey, Turner, E. Danvers, Collier, Clifton Mesdames Ada Swanborough, F. Josephs, Maria bimpson, Wallace, and Jenny White. To conclude with KEEP YOUR TEMPER. Commence at 7. trHE THIRD EDITION OF THE SUN," A. Containing the Latest SPORTING DiTELLIGENCE, lan be had Every Evening of G. R. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THis DAY.—Morning, 12h. 41m.—Afternoon, lh. 10m. To-minnow... Morning, lh. 30m.—Afternoon, lb. 50m. The Weather—Sun Office, Aug. 12, 1863. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 12, 1863. Throughout these last fourteen years and eight months, during which France has had her present ruler at the head of the Government —for exactly one "lustre" as PRESIDENT, for nearly eleven years as EMPEROR—that ruler has often been welcomed with enthusiasm by the peasantry and by the provin cial middle-classes, but never with more earnest or more heartfelt acclamations than those which have just greeted him in his short and rapid journey through a portion of Normandy. Of itself this re ception is a reward to NAPOLEON 111. But it was intended to be far more than that, we feel perfectly well satisfied. It was designed, of course, or we ere much mistaken, to be accepted by the EMPEROR as a recognition of good services done by him to France in certain material respects, if not as yet assuredly in the rapid development of liberal institutions under the imperial regime, if not in the concession of greater freedom in writing and in speaking, among the journalists and among the occupants of the legislative tribune, at any rate in the encouragement aff,rded to the arts and sciences, in the development of commerce, in extension of the railway system, and of the parallel system of instantaneous telegraphy. Wherever in France the Emperor NAPOLEON 111. receives anything in the way of a more than ordinarily cordial reception, we may rest assured of this, that it is due to the popu lar sense of the material advantages secured to the French nation under his rule, through the vigorous maintenance of order under his powerful and vigi lant, Government. None the less vivid is the appre ciation by the French multitude of the material advantages thus secured to ,them by the reigning Emperor, because the internal prosperity of France during the last decade of his reign has been accom panied by a revival of her influence far and wide among the nations of Christendom. The recovery of her influence, tbst is among the councils of Europe, by means of a foreign policy—designed and carried ont from first to last by the EMPEROR himself—combining with it (this astute policy), alternately or simultaneously, an extraor dinary amount of prudence, boldness, tact, energy, ductility or plasticity, according to the exigencies of the moment, and yet evidencing throughout none the less remarkably a marvellous tenacity or fixity of purpose. Even when, to use the very mildest phrase, the least scrupulous in his mode of advanc ing the material interests of France through the medium of his diplomacy, the EMPEROR, while alienating the feelings of other countries in regard to himself and his policy, has so far directly thereby appealed to the amour propre of the nation he governs (ever handling the reins of his autho rity the while with a grasp of iron in a glove of silk), that he has actually at those very times contrived to enhance his reputation at home at the very moment of his marring it abroad. Perhaps the most flagrant illustration of this, yet recorded in his history, is that furnished by the little episode closing the Italian war—the incident which, while mulcting Italy of Savoy and Nice, so far compensated France for the blood and gold squandered by her in the deliverance of Lombardy from the Austrians (so far, at least, as any nation could be " compensated" in that way for such services), by the absorption of those very territories within the line of the French frontiers, An overwhelming majority of the French popula tion, if not actually the whole of the French mul titude together, forgave the scandal of the "sharp practice," for the fact of,that territorial aggrandise ment. Materially, in effect, France has prospered, is prospering under the rule of the French EMPEROR. In her commerce, that is ; in her agriculture ; in her manufactures ; in the restoration of her high autho rity among the nations of the earth at the council board of Christendom ; and—as indicated in the 9 tiestionable little incident just referred to—by the 4 et tlal increase of the French dominions. A war or two France has had, it is true, 1 duri ng these last ten years of her present re ign as EMPEROR. This—in spite of his peacet i bi a in „ s rogramme at Bordeaux, epitomised, la p aix. ett n A ce, in a phrase—" L'Empire c'est war w i th An :ar with Russia—in the Crimea. A again, 981 h the e a :m Lombardy. A war in China, i n arme d alliance a"' bid e by bide with England— last of all, i n A entirely i n M orocco . A war— an Y new directio n —in M ex i co . 'rhreatenings, b ut hi ther war, large or small, have only threatenings, of excited by NAPOLEON'S Polley, been at other times l here else w h ere t h an i n the various parts of the globe, dicated. Bold that policy as briefly in. itself to be whenever any one of these shown at length to be fairly a d yea a : s 11 " come But bolder still than his foreign ure ",. u p on ' been the EMPEROR'S home policy 0 1:17 has Answer us whether it has been so or iint na \ h l y. COBDEN You who as a dispassionate witness can attest that this despotic ruler of France was the man to recognise the wisdom of the Free Trade Prin ciples, and, on recognising that truth, to a d apt those principles boldly to the future regulation, to the veritable transformation, at a stroke of the pen as it were, to the whole complex system of French commerce. Whenever NAPOLEON HI. is received with more than usual cordiality by the French multitude, that reception is attributable no longer to the mere glamour of the glorious name the EMPEROR bears. These acel.Rma tions are awarded to him not alone as ai\TAPoLEON, as the EMPEROR, as the living chLi of the imperial dynasty founded by the most wonderful man of modern times—they apply to a very consider able extent to himself individually. They are recognitions of all he has done for France,s ince h e ascended the throne and grasped the • THERMOMETER. This morning This day at Two o'clock 7B Barometer-30.30. Wind—N.-W.; light, and fine. 04' • 44-44,/ iiiiiIMMIIibINIM sceptre—order maintained, commerce increased, agriculture advanced, territories (we need not again say how) extended, glory and influence regained and enhanced, both at the council board and upon the battle-field. All tb ese recognitions of the past are expressed, inarticulately, but quite comprehen sibly, in the shouts of welcome greeting NAPO LEON 111. as he traverses France, as he did the other day, when he rapidly passed through the enthusi astic population of Normandy. But there is more than this recognition of his past in these acclama tions I There are audible, to our thinking, none the less clearly in them—hopes, aspirations, encouragement to him in regard to the future. And the duration of his popularity, the perpetua tion of his dynastic power, are dependent upon his justification of those hopes, upon his fulfilment of these generous aspirations, upon his boldness and resolution in acting—at length—in answer to that appreciable encouragement. He has spoken himself, plainly and more than once, about "crowning of the edifice." The crowning of the edifice as promised by him, and as understood by others, has barely yet commenced. The EMPEROR has probably—we do earnestly hope that he has —many years yet before him. But—he is now already in his fifty-sixth year. Austria herself gives good augury, nowadays, of going before him in the development of a despotic into a Constitutional Government. Festina lenee may be a very good rule to begin with. But the time arrives, at last, when it becomes tedious. These is an interesting letter in the Times of yesterday on the subject of Transportation. It is written by Mr. GRELLET, and he ably demonstrates some of the errors that exist on this subject. He states that " the people of the sister colonies assume the right of dictating to the Western Australians what they shall and what they shall not do. The colony is not to continue a penal settlement, simply because they do not please it shall ; then the mother country is openly threatened if the Government do not accede to their wishes," It is observed that the Western Australians have asked the Government for convict labour, to supply the want of that labour which the other colonies had taken from them. There is much force in the argument that transpor tation has not injured the other colonies, and it is added that the inhabitants of Portsmouth, Port land, Chatham, Pentonville, &e., have more reason to complain of the system than these objecting colonies. When it is taken into consideration that the nearest of these colonies is by land one thousand and five hundred miles distant, across an impassable country, it seems really absurd to inter pose such obstacles. When the scheme is one that is sure to be the means of conferring immense benefits on numbers who now are driven into the commission of crime, it is really wrong to use such a frivolous pretext, and to create so many difficulties in the way of improve ment. It is quite impossible for the convicts to make their way by land to the other colonies, and by sea the stringent regulations laid down render that also oat of the question. No man can land from any part of Western Austra lia without producing a passport to prove that he has never been a criminal ; the master of any vessel who takes such passengers is fined for each in the sum of a hundred pounds. Therefore, with such precautions, it must be evident that the only evil to be complained of or dreaded cannot possibly occar to these complaining cqloniee. Since transporta tion to Western Australia took place more than thirteen years ago, only between forty and fifty man have been lost, and of these it could not be proved by contending parties, before the " Tram- portation Commission," that six even had arrived on their , confines. Also there is very little communication between Western Australia and the other colonies. With Sydney they were years without having any communication at all, and with Adelaide only four or five times a year is there any traffic. Mr GRELLET emphatically contradicts the statement that was made by Mr. EBDEN to the effect that " sixteen ticket-of-leave men were shipped off to Wanguini, by the authorities of West Austra lia." He says that such an occurrence never took place. He cannot recall an in stance of a vessel clearing for New Zealand. There is no trade with the country. In referring to a remark made by another disputant, that " he did not object to West Australia having these ras cals, if she only kept them," Mr. GRELLET states that that is all they desire, and that they have no doubt of keeping them, but also hope to refierm them. " The other colonies are frightened at a shadow, and make all sorts of loose statements, but do not substantiate one." Mr. GRELLET next at temps to show that there are great inducements for these men to remain where they are, and that it is • their interest and intention to do so. In the first place they are all welt aware of the penalties that are entailed upon them if they seek to land in other colonies, and also the obstacles in their way. When a man has gained his ticket-of-leave he may take service, or enter into business on his own account ; and numbers of these men are comfortably settled, and are l an d owners in the colony. O f course, w i t h all these adv antages, they have no wish to move ; and why should they do so, since the utmost they could expect in distant colonies would not be any greater prosperity than They have where they are. Men whose wits are sharpened by their mode of life, and who have gained experience in a hard school, will not be slow to find out that, should they escape detection, the chances are all against their succeed ing so well in other places. The want of employ merit which has been talked of Mr. GRELLET declares to be the argument of those who are in total ignorance of the place and its sources. "Our "are of as great extent, an d as minerals," tie sal' s, rich as any of the other colonies ; they have no timber to compete with our enormous forests." The pasture land, he adds, is daily being increased, and as the boundaries of West Australia include some thing more than 640,000,000 acres of land, but a tithe of which is as yet explored, he truly says that " it is rather presumptuous to declare they cannot employ the few that are at present proposed to be sent to them." The roads, also, they hope to have made by convicts, and then they can employ more men than the home country can send them. Mr. GRELLET concludes his admirable letter by asking Whether for a crotchet of the other colonies the men are to be cast back " into a state of crime whence ther e is no escape but transportation, thus keeping upof juvenile num b er of criminals, and begetting a c l ass rh. off en d ers wh i ch i n t i me ta k e t h e i r p l ace ." clearly made in .western Australians will also be deprived of the on ly lab our they can retain. The case seems out on the side of retain- ing the convicts that Australia, and it is greatly t o b e hoped instead of di m inishing their numbe rs th ey may th b . e largely increased. All the evidence t a k en on s best qualified to judge proves subjectth from personsat at home they are exposed to temptati ons of all kinds in the distant land beyond th e seas to 'w hi ch that vanish are sent. Employment is certain , they and privation is next to impossible in consequence ; thus two great evils abounding in this country are unknown. It seems almost incredible that persons will persist from prejudice in throwing obstacles in the way of improving the condition of these m.r. They us dooming them to that second state of guilt which is worse than the first ; they are injuring society at home, and endangering the safety and risking the property of many. They are also inflicting losses on their sister colony by depriving them of useful labour, and throwing away the chance of conferring a double boon on those who employ and those who serve. It is to be hoped that a better understand ing will be come to on this point, and that no stop page will be put to a system which has been seen to possess so many and such vast advantages to all classes. We are not surprised that the verdict of the jury I at the inquest held on the victims to the late rail way accident is severe and uncompromising in its character. The experience of the last few years has been so disastrous with respect to excursion trains that there is some danger of that pleasant summer arrangement, by which the dwellers in towns who are tco poor or too busy to leave their places of business for long are enabled to get a peep at the fresh green fields or to breathe the sea breezes. The system has hitherto been advantageous to both sides, benefiting the public health and improving the receipts of the shareholders. A series of start ling catastrophes have snmewhat diminished its popularity, but it seems that with due care and precaution excursion trains might be even safer than those ordinarily running from the lesser speed re quired. We all remember the terrible disaster which two years ago threw a gloom over one of the most popular and busy of the excursion lines. There were not wanting moralists who pointed to it as a warning against Sunday travelling. But before many days had passed, while every incident of the first tragedy was fresh in our minds, came a second shock, this time occurring on a week day. The moralists were silenced, but the general feelings of alarm, sorrow, and indignation were very loudly expressed. All sorts of improvements and cautions were suggested, apparently with good effect, for the various companies, who no doubt shared fully in the general regret and consternation, have guarded against a repetition of such catastrophes This season, however, has not been brought to a close without disaster. An accident has converted a pleasure expedition into a journey to death and suffering; and although it might have occurred to any ordinary passenger train, there are some points about it which reflect upon the management of excursion trains. The accident foretold so long ago by a sceptical inquirer to the great founder of our railway system, and treated by him with quiet contempt, has verified the justice of the objection in a manner that no one in this generation antici p !ted. A bullock straying on the line was the cause of the disaster by which four persons have lost their lives, and eleven have been seriously injured. The engine, though thrown into the air by the shock, again alighted on the rails, followed by the three next carriages. The fourth carriage, as is not sur prising, got off the line, taking with it the two third-class carriages immediately behind it. These carriages, inferior in price, were also, it seems, inferior in quality, and the shock, which did not materially affect the one, dashed the other to pieces. This is a point which the directors of every line would do well to look to. People expect less accommodation when pay ing a less fare, but they do not expect increased risk to life and limb. The second and third-class carriages should be made as sequre from accident as the first, and the public are not prepared to admit that one man's life is worth lass than another because his purse is lighter. The jury alluded to the state of the carriages in strong terms, and it is certainly much to be regretted that such week and fragile constructions should have been put upon an excursion line. Another serious mistake was the one so very frt quently committed by the arrangers of the time tables, although it is a mistake to which the greater part of our excursion accidents are due. The trains followed each other in such quick suc cession that, although the danger was detected be fore the shock came, the driver could not stop, the next train being close behind him. A quarter of an hour's difference between two heavily laden trains subject to fluctuations of speed from various causes, occasions a series of risks which no railway authori ties are entitled to run. How often would five or ten minutes' difference in the starting of the trains have saved many precious lives, and spared years of suffering. There would never be an excuse for putting so many lives in jeopardy for the sake of saving a few minutes, but if a reason for it could ever be found it would certainly not exist on an excursion day when the time of the travellers is of very little value. The chief cause of the disaster was, however, the defective state of the fences along Ihe line. It seems that the constructors had trusted in that flat marshy country, to the ditches and dykes beside of the low fences, to keeping off intruders. This was certainly not wise, as the event has too surely proved. A matter of such vital importance should never be in any way dependent upon circumstances and chance. As is always the case after an accident of any kind has occurred, there are plenty of persons ready to come forward and testify their perception of the danger, and it certainly seems strange that no steps should have been taken to avert the disaster. Every driver and guard who passed along the line must have seen the state of the ditches, every farmer or farmer's man, who drove sheep or cattle off the line, must have known of the risk. It would not have been too much to expect that some of the railway officials might have remembered how most, was left to the protection of the dykes, which the state of the surrounding country might have re minded them were liable io be affected by the wea Cher. But so it is. What is everyone's business is no one's; what was safe yesterday will pass muster to-day, and nothing is done till some startling disaster adds another to the long list of railway tragedies. Such events are to be regretted by the shareholders as much as by the prin cscluepimpasltssfuoaffrnedreshrsa sufferers. only do they cost them large t h compensation, e co n confidence cthey thepublic damage are the v very y willing to place in the direction of our railway travelling. In the cause of humanity, as well as in their own interests, the officials are called upon to look closely into all matters affecting the safety and efficiency of their line ; and although the recent disaster has brought upon one company a censure, it is to be hoped that others will take every pre cautien in their power to prevent the repetition of the calamity. ROYAL GALLERY OF ILLUSTRATION * .—The Gal lery of Illustration is armour ced to close on the 20th of this month, when there will be both a morning and an evening's entertainment. Tho season has been very pros perous. Mr. Reed takes "The Charming Cottage" into the provinces, and will be accompanied by Mr. John Parry, who intends to repeat his very successful domestic scene, "Mrs. Roseleaf's Little Evening Party." MR. BEVERLEY, the scene painters recently had four water-colour drawings sent by him to Colnaghi's, these tour being at once eagerly bought up a t 150 guineas each! The marriage of M. Chas. de Minty, Attaché to the Minister for Foreign Affairs, with Madlle. Amet, granddaughter of the Duchess d'Abrantees, was celebrated ao ot hie ebu l r a c s h t o week t . before l Philippe p large and 0 ui e . distinguished m. de m o c u i r y e! s book, entitled e days " Philippe 11. et Don Carlos." was, a few vsomer..n t p ai r i i ms o ee r a made to a db being his ni tga 0e appearanceof the cleverest marriage, c , rown e d books that by y o 0 the had for I lIMUNII THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, _AtiGUSI 12, 1863. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REVTER'S TELEGRAMS.) THE POLISH INSURRECTION. CRACOW, AUG. 12. Up to the present the expected battle in the Palatinate of Lublin has not taken place. The news of the victory of the Insurgents under Chruscina, at Policna, upon the 4th and sth inst., and of the concentration of troops in Lublin has been confirmed. The insurgents under Callier attacked a squadron of Uhlans on the Bth inst. at Raszyn, near War saw, liberating a convoy of prisoners. The Uhlans fled to Warsaw. Grabowski suffered a defeat on the 7th inst., near Gradzisk. FRANCE. PARIS, AUG. 12. The Semaphore of Marseilles has received a first warning for having published false news calculated to lead public opinion astray, by its announcement of an exchange of letters between the Emperor of the French and the Emperor of Russia, which, as it is officially stated, has never taken place. BOURSE, Aug. 11.—The market has been rather firmer, and the business done, though l.mited in amount, shows a slight improvement. Threes, for the Account, are now at 67f. 30c. The Railway Share Market has been also more animated, and previous prices have been well maintained. The market continued to improve to the close, and left off as follows : It Per Cents. ..... . 96 40 Italian Loan 72 Do. end month.... Do. end month — 3 per Cents Do. end month.... 67 45 Do. end month.... Credit it.dobilier....lo7s -- Russian Do. end m0nth....1072 50 Austrian Bank Shares 3365 -- Spanish Threes., .. Credit F oncier 1245 Home Debt .. — 11A ILWA IB . Cash. Account. Orleans 1• 015 .. 10 15 .... Northern ... , .... New ditto ...... .. -- Geneva.. 4BB 75 .. 490 .. . Lyons and Mediterranean. 1025 690 • • 692 50 Southern ....... 523 75 .. 525 Western Eastern .. .. 406 25 , . 406 25 Sardinian .... lO2O 426 25 Austrian 548 75 .. 546 25 Lory.hard North of Spain 543 75 .. 54 2 50 .... Saragossa.. 686 25 .. 6 82 50 . Ditto to Barcelona .... ' ' POLAND. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) CRACOW, Aug. 8• One of the most effective arms used by the Rus sian Government to provoke the Poles into acre of desperation, and at the same time to deceive Europe as to the real facts, is the official press. I have now before the the last numbers of two official papers of Warsaw and Wilne the Dziennik Poivezeckny and the Kuryer Wilenski, The former of these publishes a number of loyal addresses to the Czar, purporting to proceed from various dis tricts of the empire. To say nothing of the unneces sary provocation involved in the publication of such addresses in a Polish paper, they are couched in such fulsome terms that they bear the marks of fabrication on t h e f ac e of them. Thus one, stat ed to be signed b y 6 , the landow ners, za j san g s, a nd clergy of the C a l rao uck people" declares t hat they are " quite h a p p y u nder the w ise rule of the Rus sian law," and that " the Polish rebellion lies on their hearts lik e a s tone ;" but that " all this i s b u t a trial, whi c h w ill end in placing Russia hi g h er than all the nations in the world," and that " tbey (the Calmoucks) are ready to sacrifice everythi ng for the prosperity of Russia and the peace of the Czar, which is dearer to them than anything on earth." In another, the inhabitants, of all trades and professions, of the town of Barnaul, in the Go vernment of Tomek, are made to say that "they live at a distance of 4,000 versts from St. Peters burg, at the foot of the frozen Altar Mountains," that " their love for the Czar is boundless," and that " should the hostility of foreigners compel the Czar to have recourse to arms, they are ready to make all sacrifices." But it is in the Wilna Courier that the provo cation assumed an aspect of brutal insult, which must be bitterly galling to the Poles. The hosti lity of the inhabitants of this city to the Russians is well known., Scarcely one of them but has suffered, directly or indirectly, by the terrible per secutions of the tyrant Mouravieff. Wilna is the headquarters of the Lithuanian insurnction, all the a grand f women wearmourning,pply this as n arent andt way ewhoot to thelecityhtaasstneoowt for many month s p resented an as p ect of sorrow and desolation. A Mouraveiff, for he g ave orders for the ce lebration of fete th and illuminations, [i Empre ss's a t inboirst,hod: h birthday on ie the 3d by occasion the theatre was to be open ed for the first time since t he begin eaed inurn begin ning of the insurreat ton. The following is the official description of this fete, as given in the Courier Yesterday, on the 22d July (August 3), it being the glorious annivereary of the birth of her Majesty the Empress Maria Atexandrowna, his excellency • • G e neral Mouravieff 11. deig ne d to ree • 'ewe the congratulations of the clergy, the civil and mill ary emplace., the nobles, the merchants, and the representatives of the townsmen. After this Alex ander, Bishop of Rowno, officiated at the holy liturgy, and his eminence Joseph, Metropolitan of Lithuania, said the prayers of thanksgiving, in pre sence of the President of the country, all the gene rals, m ili tar y and civil employes, all the nobles, the merchants, and large c rowds of people. After pray era for the long life of ner Imperial Majesty and her family, a salvo of 101 guns was fired from the cita del. When the ecclesiastical parade, at which were present the troops, was over, and his excellency congratulated the soldiers, these all answered with a long and cordial hurrah. The adjoining squares and streets, which were filled with people, re sounded with the shouts with which they responded to the hurrahs of the valiant soldiers. . . he evening all parts of the town were illuminated , ind crowds passed through the streets, rejoicing at the unusual sight. The churches were illuminate () with great artistic taste. _ . "In the theatre the performances commenced with the national hymn, ' God save the Emperor,' which the enthusiastic audience encored; whe❑ it was finished the roof of the building long re-ecooed with unanimous hurrahs. Ail who were present wers in holiday attire, The threatre was full. All the places were taken. The toilettes of the ladies were remarkable for their elegance. After this, is it to be wondered at that the mourn ing population of Wilna uses all its energies to overthrow the Government that insults it with such cynical falsehoods ? --- THE FIRST FRENCH NEWSPAPER was started in Paris in 1631, during the reign of Louie XIII., by a physician named Theophraste Renaudot. Since then the number of political journals which hav e appeared in France would defy calculation. A statistical writer has recently stated that, on the 25th of July, 1863, there were no less i than 609 newspapers, then being published n Paris HOLIDIY E N G LISHMEN.— Business is giving place to recreation ; cheap trips are being taken now irom day to day by Londoners to Paris, up the Rhine and down the Alps ; to Norway, with its fiords and lakelets; to Switzerland, with its glaciers and mountain passes; to Scotland, with its glens and sheep-walks; to Ireland, with its green scenery and lovely sunsets; to Ramsgate sands or Margate cliffs; - to the dinner parties at Richmond, or the tea and shrimps and Margate I—City Press. FANCIED ENEMIES ON THE PRESS.—A Satur day Reviewer comments very reasonably, a s fol lows, on the prevalence, or at any rate the frequency of a certain kind o f h a t re d, arising out of sudden misconceptio n , id such so ats wrotelmji g o au h yr t as comeat lhisatt:fanciedoahnot and no horrid s dio u r r l oae t tr s shti , isecatrini other, must meu h up y so p tn o c r h conclusionehrai t t s a i c ion a r l l tyh w habe i e e rs n utp g hce s het : neve!. Or a politician may be quite sure that such writer, and no other, made that offensive remark about him a passages were especiallyteen ure; in a leading article. One of the most curious parts of journalist's . experience who happens to be b.hind the iatstt them. e o m particular o bsr t v i e s articles h ow needless m a r a e t n o w y a r ditdt personsenh o b w y , pfeaaeirmltioecieuutlitlersure, first, scenesrulstedtha and, next, that such and such univer sally, they are at fault, AMERICA. REUTER'S TELEGRAM, LIVERPOOL, AUG, 12. The Liverpool and Manchester papers publish a despatch, to the effect that a private telegram put on board the City of London at the last moment, says it was currently reperted and generally be lieved at New York that the Federals had captures Fort Wagner, The City of London has reached Liverpool, but brings nothing in confirmation of this despatch. (REUTER'S EXPRESS.) NEW YORK, AUG 1. The following is the " situation," as described by the New York .Herald of to-day : " Information received at Washington yesterday from the army of the Potomac states that Lee massed his forces at Culpepper on Wednesday, and made other preparations to give us battle on the Rappahannock. His first advance, south of Cul pepper, was to foil us in taking the Fredericksburg route ; but finding we did not advance, he concen trated his army at Culpepper. The Rappahannock is guarded from Fredericksburg to Ely's Ford on the Rapidan by one rebel regiment. The Rapidan is fortified south of Culpepper. "Mosby's gang made an extensive haul of sutlers on Thursday night at Fairfax Court-house. There is no Union force stationed immediately in the Court-house. The sutlers of the army of the Potomac have been generally advised of the fact, but it is a convenient resting-place at the end of the first day's journey, and some six or seven sutlers, with their trains, wares, and chattels, bivouacked there, and were all made prisoners. " Gen. Gillmore's despatches to Gen. Halleck state that his total loss in killed, wounded, and missing during the three days' action on Morris Island was only 985, of whom 350 are missing. " The news from Kentucky and Tennessee con tinues most discouraging for the rebel cause. On Thursday, near Paris, the rebels, 375 strong, drove in our pickets and unsuccessfully attempted to flank our troops and burn the bridge. They were dr:ven back two miles, when the 45th Ohio came on their rear, captured 15, and drove the rest towards Mount Sterling. " Col. Sanders attacked their main force, about 2,000 strong, at Winchester, with 8 pieces of artil lery. The rebels retreated towards Irvine, Colonel Sanders pursuing them. " A despatch from Memphis, of the 28th ult., says that the forces sent on under Colonel Hatch, to look after the rebel troops enforcing the conscrip tion in Went Tennessee, had a fight at Lexington, routing the rebels and capturing Colonel Campbell, of the 23d Tennessee, 2 lieutenants, 25 privates, and 2 cannon. Colonel Campbell was en route from Chattawooza to join General Pillow, who is under stood to be near Paris, Ky. " A despatch from Cincinnati reports that the rebels were attacked yesterday at Lancaster by our troops, and had 20 killed and 100 captured. The enemy got possession of Stanford Keys at noon, but our cavalry soon drove them out, with great loss, and at last accounts they were making for the Cumberland River. " We lear❑ from Vicksburg that Ganeral Herron has gone to Mobile with his division. Our army at Vicksburg has fallen back to the Big Black River. It was reported that Joe Johnston was retreating to Mobile. "By the arrival of the Morning Star from New Orleans, with dates to the 25th, we learn that the Mississippi is folly open to navigation. Several steamers had arrived at New Orleans from St. Louis, within a few days. General Franklin had reached Baton Rouge. " Our war vessels are committing some havoc on the enemy. The United States steam•sloop Ossipee, captured on the 20th ult. the James Battle and m. Bagle, loaded with cotton, blockade runners from Mobile. " The United States steamer Sciota, off the coast of Texas, on the 7th ult., chased two small vessels laden with cotton, both of which ran ashore and were burned by our men, there being no means of saving them. On the Thursday following, while passing Corpus Christie, two vessels were discovered at anchor behind Mustang Island, apparently loaded with cotton and awaiting an opportunity to escape the blockade. A rifled 20 pounder was fired at them, when both got under weigh and stood up the bay about 6 miles, where they grounded and were then burned. " On the 22d ult. the privateer Florida was still at Bermuda, her departure having been delayed by the refusal of the naval authorities to furnish her with fuel ; but she was then getting a supply from the rebel steamer Harriet Pinckney, and would sail in a day or two on her voyHge of destination. " Our advices from Nassau, NP.., are to 26th rift. The Federal gunboat Toga arrived at Nassau on the 24th ult. from Key West, and left shortly afterwards. The Governor of Bahamas had re ceived an intimation from Lord Lyons that his lordship's efforts to induce the Washington Cabinet to withdraw its prohibition of exportation of live stock to Nissan have been wholly fruitless. .Ad vices report that several blockade runners had returned, unable to enter the rebel ports. The following additional particulars appear in the New York journals : General John Morgan and Colonel Cluke and staff arrived at Cincinnati, July 27, shortly after ten o'clock, over the Little Maine Railroad, guarded by troops under General Schackelford, the ca ptor of Morgan. It consisted of Morgan and Cluke, vit h their staff and orderlies, amounting in all to 31 per sons. On disembarking from the train they were taken in charge by a detachment of the 111th Ohio. A large crowd assembled at the depot, and as the prisoners moved immense numbers were added to it. Wnen they marched down 9 th - street not less than 5,000 persons surrounded the famous guerilla and his aides. Many of these lookers-on seemed excited, and cried, Hang the cut-throats." " Bully for the horse thieves." Several of the spectators were flourishing pistols, but the gu.ard quickly drove them away. The field band of the 111th discoursed it Yankee Doodle" on the march, which the prisoners endured with complete sang froid. Morgan on the way in terrogated the captain commanding the guard cm cerning the whet% aborts of his brother. His ques tion on that point being answered., he turned and said, "Pass up that whisky." The whisky was passed forward in a canteen, which the General proffered to the captain, who politely refused. The General then took a long pull. They were ensconced V in the city prison sho ttly before eleven o'clock. Before locking them up t. tiny were deprived of a large number of pistols, which' they stated they had been permitted to retain by the terms of surrender. There was a bushes of pistols, all loaded, stowed away in the offi , ',3e of 1 he city prison lest night, all of them revolve rs, mt Iny of the officers carrying a brace. Morgan is fully six feet high, and of pre p osii k s _ not imposing presence. fe w ring, though attired in a linen coat, black pants, white sh irt, and light felt hat. No decorations were visibi e. He has rather a mild face, there being certainly *no hii 1g in it to indicate the possession of unusual intellec tual qualities. Colonel Cluke is very tall, rising probably two inches over six feet. He was attired much after the manner of his chief. He is slender, has sandy hair, and looks like a man of invincible determina tion. His countenance is not devoid of certain savage lines, which correspond wall with his bar barities as a leader. The whole lot is a counter part of the squads we have heretofore seen of the same command. The same motley dress and the same decorous behaviour (no great merit in the last trait) distinguish them. Our advices from Nassau, N. 8., are to the 26th ult. The Union gunboat Tioga arrived at Nassau on the 24th ult. from Key West, and having communi. cated with W. C. Thompson, Esq., United States Vice-Consul, left shortly afterwords. The steamer Arabian, from Wilmington, N.C., arrived at Nassau on the 24th ult. The Arabian had been detained by the rebel authorities at Wil mington on suspicion of her being owned in New York ; but proof of British ownership having been established she was allowed to proceed. WASHINGTON, JULY 31. The following was received today at the head quarters of the army : "Department of the South, in the field, Morris Island, S.C., July 23. " Major General H. W, Halleck, General-in-Chief, United States Army, Washington, D.C. " Sir,—My medical director in the field reports an aggregate loss in killed and wounded in our hands of 635. I judge there are 350 missing. The losses cover the three actions of the 10th, 11th, and 16th in3t. Many of the wounded will return to duty in a week or ten days. The health of the command is improving. "Respectfully your obedient servant, " Q. A. GILMORE, " Brigadier •General Commanding." COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW Y,Ii.K, July 31, 6 p.m. The money market continues as easy as could be desired. Money is offered in large amounts to the leading brokers at 5 per cent., and at 6 the specu lators in light fabrics find no difficulty in getting supplied. There is less caution than there was some time ago in scrutinising margins; railway stocks are improving in the opinion of bankers as a collateral, and those which pay regular divi dends stand as high as any other class of securities, Debt certificates are steady. Mercantile paper continues to be quoted at 5 per cent. for strictly prime names, and 5/ to 61 tor good mercantile paper. Gold advanced to-Jay to 1291, casing a t 5 p. m . at 129. Exchange sold at 1411 to 142 for bankers bills. No special cause is assigned for the advance in gold and bills, but it was evident some days since, that unless we heard of the fall of Charleston the tendency of the market would rather be toward reaction after the recent heavy decline. There will be a heavy specie export to-morrow. The stock market opened weak this morning, and there was rather a disposition to improve the reac tion by putting out soma sellers' options. But at the close of the first board the decline brought in flesh buyers, and the market soon recovered strength. At the first board Cumberland fell off L- per cent.; Quicksilver, 1 ; New York Central, 1 ; Erie, 14 ; ; Harlan, 2; Erie Preferred, 1 ; Hud son, 2k; Reading,; ; Michigan Central, ; Southern Old, 11--; Illinois Central, 14; CleVeland and Pitts burg, 1; Galena, -I; Terre Haute, I; Toledo, ; Rock Island, -1-; Fort Wagner, 1, &c., &e. State Stocks were steady. Missouris a better. Govern ments were steady, without activity. After the board there was a rally in the whole market, and at the 1 p.m. call the transactions show an advance on the active shares of s to 1 per cent. all round. Erie sold at 103, against 101 at the first board. People who sold two mornings since at 104, appear to be quite eager to get in again at the decline; no one seems to look for a reaction of Ito 2 per cent. At the second board the upward movement was continued, and the market be came very buoyant. The advance was re sisted by the regular bear operators, who tried to hammer some of the leading fancies ; but their efforts appeared to have no effect in check ing the advance. While the existence of a bear interest will naturally impart strength to the next upward surge, Erie rose; ; ; Central, 4 ; Southern,;, ; Fort Wagner, 1 ; Rock Island 1, Sze. Central was especially strong, selling dividend off at 125.1. It i s understood that a new party, with head quarters at Albany and Soratoga, has been formed to put up the price of Central, and operators, who are supposed to be in their secrets, talk of an extra dividend, and 150 for the stock. It ought to sell as high as Hudson River. At the 4 p.m. call the market was very strong in deed. Few stocks were offered for sale, and every one wanted to buy. Cotton was in good demand, and 2,300 bales were reported sold at 61c. and 630. for mlddlings. PENSIONS FOR DISTINCTION IN LITERATURE AND SCIENCE, —Her Majesty has been graciously pleased to grant a pennon of £7O a-year to Mr, Joshua Alder. " ATHENS ON THE SPREE," as the Prussians like to call Berlin, has about a dozen daily papers, with from 6,000 to 20,000 subscribers. There are in Germany, ac mrding to a recent return, 1,221 newspapers, of which no leas than 249 are dailies. WHAT NEXT ? Not satisfied, apparently, in the " Show" way, with going to "the demnition bow wows," as Mr. Mantalini has it, nor with the announcement of a coming "cat show," Londoners have it now actually announced to them that at an early date a prize show or London costermongers' donkeys will bo held, with a view to the encouragement of humane owners among the poor and the well-being of that useful and too often misused animal. CHARLES DICKENS'S ACCOUNT OF A FOUR PENNY HALFPENNY DINNER.—It had just struck t,velve, and a quick succession of faces had already begun ' to appear at a little window in the wall of the partitioned spate where I sat looking over the books. Within this little window, like a pay-box at a theatre, a neat and brisk young woman presided to take money and issue tickets. Every one coming in must take a ticket. Either the fourpence-halt penny ticket for the upper room (the most popular ticket, I think), or a penny ticket for a bowl of soup, or as many penny tickets as he or she chose to buy. For three penny tickets one had quite a wide range of choice. A plate of cold beef and potatoes; or a plate of cold nam and pota toes; or a plate of hot minced beef and potatoes; or a bowl of soup, bread and cheese, and a plate of plum pudding'. Touching what they should have, some customers on taking their seats fell into a reverie—became mildly dis tracted—postponed decision, and said in bewilderment, they would think o f it. One old man I noticed when I sat among the tables f,z the lower room who was startled by the bill of fare, and sat olntemplating it as if it were something of a ghostly nature, fire decision of the boys was as rapid as their execution, and ;limeys included pudding. There were several women among the diners, and several clerks and shopmen. There were carpenters . and painters from neighbouring buildings under cepair, and there were nautical men, and there were, as one diner observed to me, " some of most sorts." Some were solitary, some came two together, som dined in parties of three or four, or six. The latter talked together, but assuredly no one was louder than at m y club in Pall-Mall. One young fellow whistled in rather a shrill manner while he waited for his dinner, but I was gratified to observe that he did so in evident defiance of my uncommercial individuality. Quite agreeing with him, on consideration, that I haa no business to be there, unless 1 dined like the rest, I " wont in," as the phrase is, for fourpence-halfpenny. The rapidity with wnieh every new corner got served, was remarkable ; and the dexterity with which the waitresses (quite new to the art a month before) discharged their duty, was as agreeable to see, as the neat smartness with which they wore their dress and had dressed their hair. If I seldom saw better waiting, so I rt certain i l t y , never , e better meat, p otatoes, or puddin g , And t he soup a rcs an honest and stou t soa p , with rice and bsrl e y in an d "little mat ters for the teeth to touch," as 1 - ad been ob served to me by my friend below stairs already quoted.ideotis Th e dinner-service , to o, was neither conspicuously hideous for hi,c4h art nor ?or low art, but was of a pleasant and pure appearance. Concerning the viands and their cookery, one last Euy exactly eo ro club t:w a n n e P l y v d e t l h l li c m i k a e e l n s i e a t d h W e a r f e m s a e money. few rtryearaterlwadriduse,d r and not half as well. The o'clock struck, and changed pretty quickly.—From the new paper of " The Uncommercial Traveller" in this day's No. of " dll the Year Round," 7f4 ' , '4‘ikost or " ClOllll tirtialiat • HER MAJESTY. WINDSOR CASTLE, Aug. 11. Her Majesty and their Royal Highnesses Prine° Alfred, Princess Helene, Prince Leop old, and Prin cess Beatrice left the Catle this afternoon, at three o'clock, where her Majesty embarks in the Royal yacht Fairy for Greenhithe. The suite attending her Majesty consists of the Marchioness of Ely (Lady in Waiting), the Lad)" Augusta Bruce, Lieut.• General Hon. C. Gt . vlt Colonel Sir T. M. Biddulph, Major Cowell, D,r ,Tenner, and Mr. Buff. At Greenhithe the Queen and Royal party will embark in the Royal yacht Victoria and Albert, and proceed to Antwerp. Earl Granville embarks with the Queen, and attends her Majesty to the Continent. His Royal Highness Prince Arthur, attended by Elphinstone, left Windsor for Bagehot Park• Departure of Her Majesty for Germany. , Her Majesty the Queen, with their Royal Hlg b - nesses Prince Alfred and the Princesses Helena an ti Beatrice, attended by Lieut.-Colonel Du Pia t, Major Cowell, and the ladies of the Royal suit e, after alighting from the Vauxhall station of tl le South Western Railway, proceeded yesterday ere r noon in private carriages to Woolwich, for embark a' tion on board the Fairy steam yacht, en route : nor Germany. The royal cortege,which comprised E ,i% carriages, was unattended by the usual military outriders, and proceeded at a smart pace throul ; 11 Deptford Broadway to Greenwich, where her N jesty arrived at 35 minutes past four, and was z ceived with unmistakeable although unobtrusive loyalty by the entire population. As the carte ge passed the ancient church of St. Alphage the bells sent forth a merry peal, and the entire line of route was thronged by thousands of persons, the balconies and windows in the several streets being also fully occupied by those anxious to obtain a glimpse of her Majesty, who, with Prince Alfred and the Princesses, was seated in the foremost car riage, the windows being down. Any attempt at cheering was instantly suppressed by the majority of the spectators, in accordance with the well- • known royal desire. Her Majesty, during th 8 journey to Woolwich, more than once acknowledg ed her approval of the loyal scene which presen ted. itself. At Woolwich the streets were equ all! crowded, the spacious area known as Beres lore square, immediately fronting the main gate of I' je Royal Arsenal, being occupied by many thousar ds of persons ; but owing to the excellent erne gc ments made by the police authorities no obstriaae resulted to the royal carriages, which, after lei iv log Greenwich, proceeded through Lower Cheri ;07 i ° Woolwich, arriving at the arsenal precisely at li ce o'clock. On entering the establishment Pri ric e Alfred courteously returned the salute of the pa lies force assembled on each side of the roadway, and the royal cortege proceeded at once to the ph r, was fitted up in an excellent manner and co , r ere' with an awning, the floor being laid with st or let baize. On alighting from the carriages her M; t jestl , and royal family w ere rece i ve d a t t h e entre nee ° I the pier by Earl Granville (who accompanii her Majesty to Germany), Viscount Syd ne y (L° l " Chamberlain and Lord-Lieutenant of Kent ), G en. Sir David Wood, R.A., C o l. M au d e , R.A. ( e q ue rrY)P Sir F. W. E. Nicolson (superintendent of W. col w ick Dockyard), and Capt. Gordon, military stor eke P er d ' Her Majesty was attired in mourning; she app to be in good spirits, and cheerfully conversed . witn Lord Sydney and the officers named, who 8000 panied the rod al party to the pier head, err w hich were moored the steam yacht Fairy, Mac t er C °6l_ d mender Welch, the Trinity steam vessel !i.rev Admiralty steam vessel Vivid, Master Ccanroatiaing Alen. The Black Eagle steam vessel, Maste.r " 111 „: mending Whillier, had left several horLrs prey with the royal luggage, which wrAs conve• . red to Woolwich by nine fourgons and vans. At 10 r o j n ute o past five o'clock her Majesty and family, w i t fa Ear / Granville and others, embarked on board the Fairy' and the remainder of the royal suite and se: r gL ats on board the Irene and Vivid. The opposite sll n A re of the river was crowded with spectators. 'The' i( ron immediately got under weigh and steamed dovill the river, the Fairy being in advance, folio% fl 'd by the Irene and Vivid. On the squadron arriv in g ° ff Erith an i n t erest i ng i nc id ent occurred. The I 0 read steamvessel, Capt. Wh ee l er, b e l ong ing to th aAV ! onl with Steam-pack e t C ompany, an d plying bel 'wteen Gravesend and L on d on, was on her up voyeqe, i e with passengers f rom G ravesen d , w hen she a erred the Fairy, a n d the whole of the passen gers of • d e t ux gave a round o f h earty cheers, w hi c h were ins' zan Y 0 acknowledged by the captain and officers of . 1 Fairy. Th e squadron arrived off Gravesend e. tort before six, an d ma d e u p to the royal steam y ach s 8 Victoria and Albert, Captain his Serene H l. g nne ,, the Prince of Leiningen, and the Osborne inri; yacht, Commander Bowen. The entire squadron lne dropped down the river to the Nore, when a it was to anchor. Her Majesty and royal family were ; sl e e :n r on board the royal yacht, proceeding to Art this morning. The police arrangements at WV 31roi o f were well carried out by Superintendents M. a r%O. the dockyard force, and Bray, of the R e , ivi g Toe stringent regulations with regard to tt te et' iv , and workmen at the Royal Arsenal were rig id .13 1 0 observed, and none were allowed to wi Alec! s s ` oo, royal cortege. All visitors were refused El and this rule applied even to field offs acre I n . I ' 4 form. Her Majesty's carriages returned to Levi IP immediately after the embarkation. Flan ° ire ' His Royal Highness the Coutat de attended by Major Burne ll, has left the Clarendon B for Aberg,ldie, N.B. of His Excellency Count Pasrilini, governor so a left town on his return to Pall Turin, has not ye. stated. His e xcellency will, however, shortly take his parture for Turin by way of Paris. 's The Duke of Newcastle has arrived at Thomas Hotel, Berkeley-square, from Cowes, Isle of Wight. he , The Duke of Succleuch , since attending at t t Highland Society's show at Kelso, has been staying Dalkeith Palace, near Edinbur g h. The Duchess and we Ladies Scott are at Carlsbad, and are not expected hel9 until the end of next month. The Marquis and Me.rcbioness Cholmhhdeicearl have left Carlton-house terrace fo r Westbrooke, .4 Hemel Hempstead, on a visit to the Hon. Dudley 3 Lady Georgina Ityder. The Countess lat taw a of an D m a o l n k d e a l y t h f a r adauLd d a e e y r t G n e e o a r r g L Hamilton i field, to visit the Marquis and Marchioness of Ab ere ol 4l , The Earl of Dalkeith has gone to Germany for a few weeks. Earl Granville, quarterstt:L.o udoarisynide Scotland, oh P r a g r s e r os arrived President, re e wi n vhs t ehe , dor eo l at e ita f r i e she l L iaes: O t n id d oicirt : ca a e : o: l yesterday afternoon for Woolwich. The nobli) earl ail' attend the Queen to Germany. of sh stai'hlirlpki'hisissnee' shooting friend s li oao l a rtlip ogamfneDetVaitiscountess Hill and Capt.aitt,_;-ir 11 ' have arrived at his lordship's shooting quarters in In ness-shire horn Hawkstone Park, Shropshire. Lord St. John h as arr i ved at Flow crd ale -'" 6e' Gairloch, Inverness-shire, for the shooting season. 05 11 Lady Georgi na G rey came from Rome err s o dt droaubgehpterresoef Sir Charlesntatthm and marriage Mary lvo ofherniec ad, niece, hies Minister tiob lh e Hon. ° at . Dresden, and M . rs. iN i‘ i l u u r r r r a ay y : t town within th e l ast few days from 1 2 et h m a : t o l'em Y 3 t r r rtl3ll's l 4ll :l l : ll ; gentleman having obtained leave of absence months. Dad Miss Burdett C ou tt s will have a gard en at Holly Lodge, Highgate, this afternoon. t vOn til FUTURE ADMIRALS OT EN GLAND.--i” t 600.010 of May l as t th ere were br irna on the books of the Bets, the training-ship, in Porriand Roads, as naval O sons of -- Colonial Bishop 1 Scotch do. 1 lteverends*.... 45 Naval Chaplain ...... .• I Duke (as gwArdiau) • • 1 Marquis 1 Lord. I 4 tlonou ra:. ........... b . I s . Count roust Admirals Captains 4 4 .I\C-alnisttmweriasluldb:sremembered th a ' ever lived was himself the r Deputy-Inspector ••• • •• 2 Secretaries ...... • • • • • Payrnwster ........ • 6 Genere.ls .......... • • • ' Colonels .......... •• • Majors..... ....... • • • '• 6 Cal s tains in the A•• 1.1 S•geon ........ •• • • Doct o rs ..... •••• • ' ' • 9 7 E , quires ...... . .... • " NilesL. ............. • T0ta1...... . aG th greatest 88a captain th an of a coillitry parson►, ~