The Sun. — London, England, 1830-12-29 00:00:00

SPIRIT OP TILL" PUBLIC JOURNALS. The agitation occasioned in Paris by the trial of the .gx.:stnia ter* is now happily terminated, but has been followed by a display of those angry dis antidotal In political parties, and a development of those! plans ,of opposing faction, which probably created the whole of the danger in the lute di.- turbancee, though they did not appear on the sur face of the tumult. The arena of contest and alarm has been transferred from the streets and public places to the Legielative Chambers and the Council of the King; And the parties are not the National Guard and the rabble, but the Ministers and the Deputies of France,—the supporters of the system intended to check the progress of the revolution; and the partisans of that which desires to see it proceed with its present momentum, till it has realized all the consequences of its principle,'-- the sovereignty of the people. These parties during the late troubles were pressed into one mass by the fear of a common danger, for they all felt that anarchy was a common enemy, that order was as necessary as liberty, mid that an infuriated mob, yelling for blood, watt a disgraceful and perilous instrument of reform in any hands. But the formidable character of the late tumults, and the means taken to quell them, have widened their previous differences, and rendered a aisle in the Cabinet or the Chamber almost inevitable. The National Guard had not laid aside their uni• forM, and the mobs had not dispersed, when the party oppoeed to Ministers demanded explanations on the conduct of Government during, the riots. Insinuations were thrown out that the disturbances on the 18th and 19th of October had not been pro perly inquired into, and complaints were made that no striking example had been made of the agitators. It was likewise insinuated that secret societie s bud been at work, avid that the Prefect of Police was too friendly to institutions of which he bad been a Member: In answer to these charges, M. Lath., the President of the Council, and some of the other Ministers, declared that they had done their utmost for the preservation and res toration of order,—that numerous arrests bad taken place, and that the disturbers would be handed over to the proper tribunals. But there was one tact on which they did not satisfy the party in the Chamber who instituted the inquiry, and that fact was of extreme importance in the present state of the capital end of France. While General La fayette was issuing his orders of the day, the stu dents of the different schools, to the amount of se veral thousand', thought of trying their hand at an flames to their fellow-citizens as well as the Ge neral. They therefore issued two, one with the leave and by the authority of the Prefect of the Seine, M. Odillon Barrot, and another which was placarded on their own responsibility alone. The latter declared to the mob, as a motive for their dispersion, that the King, General Lafayette, M. Odillon parrot, and Dupont de ligure, had engaged to make important concessions to liberty, if the pence of the capita) were protected, and the apprehended crisis averted. M. Letitia: denied the authenticity of this proclama tion, and promised that its authors should be prose cuted for sticking it on the walls without permission from the police. This explanation was not satisfue tory at the time, nor did it appear correct in the sequel. Whether the ardent yoeths of the schools had received the solemn pledge alluded to, or whe ther they, in their sanguine temperament, had mis construed general expressions into positive promises, may admit of doubt, but - it ie certain that they had sent a deputation to the palace; it is certain that that deputation saw the King, in the presence of his Ministers; and it is equally certain that after this interview they proceeded with renewed real and fidelity to suppress the tumult, or resist the rioters along with the National Guard. It must likewise 'be admitted that before the interview the students were believed, however erroneously, by the leaders of the insurgeni gangs to be friendly to their cause, for the)ntter bad proceeded to their different *cboois, expecting to fraternize with them. The ditturbers, however, were repulsed, and the young men remained faithful to the cause of order, " ieterposing," as they called it, " be tween the King and the people, to protect the former against the violence of the latter."— Notwithstanding these appearances the convelition itaid'te have been made between the students mal t!). Government, foe purchesing their neutrality or sillitabeti by political enticeseion, may be a fiction; bait the striking and .tiliploreble act of weakness 'cannot be denied,—that on the motion of the Peirce Missistervthose turbulent and factiotis youths spe cially received the thanks of the Chamber of Dere. tieetiong with the National Guard and the troops the line,--a flattering vote which they indig nantly rejected, because ins their opinion the Cham ber did not represent the feelings or speak the voice of France ! Thus the King, whom they call Mar elected Chief, has exulted by his peculiar notice, and the Chamber las flattered by its highest honours, en unrecognized body of young men, too much die -.posed before to engage in factious tumults, but now almost authorized to deliberate on public affairs, and to throw their weight into the political scale on any balanced contest. Suppose that in tine electoral Isw which was to have been presented on Monday to the Chamber, they did not find those " large con - anions" which they insist had been promised them, and suppose the agitators could again collect the workmen of the feuxhourgs to create riot and anarchy, would not these enthusiastic radicals think themselves .entitled to realize their demo cratic doctrines by joining the mob, instead of again sending their deputation with offers of assist ante to the Palais Royal ? Nothing could be more fatal to the cause of order and the steady action of Government, than for power to form such an al, lioness, Or traffic with suck, auxiliaries. The Cham ber Of Deputies is now their object of attack, and a speedy dissolution is their clamorous demand.— In endeavouring to bring about such a result, they will be joined by the minority in the Chamber itself, represented by the names which they employed in their Proclamation as the friends of " large con cessions to our Republican Monarchy." The ma jority, which is disposed to hang a drag OH the rapid movement of the republican party, is scarcely supported by any part of the Press, ek id is not likely long to withstand the ahoek, The reeigrostion of the post of Commander in.Chief of the Nationel Guard by General Lafayette will be ascribed to their jealousy of his merits, and the immense addition which he has just made to his popularity, by saving the capital from pillage and massacre, will redound to their greater odium. The Ministry belongs to the left or extreme left, and are favourable to the more extended basis of 'moult'r rights claimed by the mass of the people. They. are, therefore, op posed by the majority, and would be out-voted but for relit of a dissolution. The majority exists in the centresond has hitherto resisted violent changes.— Shoold they succeed in their motion for an inquiry into the state of the country, and pass a censure ore the Ministry, or should they resist the democratic tendency of the law of election about to te duced, the Cabinet will have no alternative but to resign, or to order a dissolution without having ob 'mined it budget or settled the necessary forms and ionditions under which the new Chamber is to be chogen. Serb is the present state of parties u Fraore,—such in the yosteble tenure of power anti popularity among public men after a revolution.- , -- About *ix months ego, the majority of the present Chamber were considered the champion* of liberty, and almost the idols of the people. They made a citizen' King, , whern General Lafayette called his " hest are/robbers," and liberaFzed the Charter be. lend *y ou _the fondest hope* of the Liberals under the newton. dynasty. Now they are so discredited with the multitude, that the. lads of the Polytechnic Scheel protest *pion ,the imputation of their thatikA t . " he ruse they speak not die voice Of France." W i thin the fast five menthe, the King has , bad tsco Cabinets-4 first, very lam al, has been displaced br sns still more liberal ; 411 - complaints ate trietle, qu i ll " t h y , sieun d for not being liberal enough. The tumult of October 18 terminated the existence of the former, and the disturbances or Ihst week threaten the stahility of the present. Let us hope that the Ministers will slid* more firmness than they have done of late ; that, secure now by glorious experience of the faithful support of the National Guard, they will reply in a firmer tone to the clamours of fac tion, and that the majority of the Chamber of Deputies, seeing at once the necessity and the dangers of an appeal to the country in its present cxcited state, if they throw obstacles in the way of reasonable measures, will cooperate with the Ad ministration, rather than encounter such an alterna tive by opposing it.—Times. Our attention has been called to A Letter to the King, by a Country Curate. The writer, after some vague declamation respecting the benefits con ferred by the kstablished Church upon the country, informs his. readers that it is nevertheless gradually sinking; and assigns the inadequate remuneration of the stipendiary curates as the principal cause of its decline, In confirmation of this opinion, he states the number of curates in the several dioceses to be 4,254, of whom 3,600 are licensed. lie further states that' six receive under 201.; .59 under 301.; 173 under 401.; 441 under 501.; 892 under GUI. per annum, anti so on; but he is guilty of two ma terial omissions—he does not state the value of the benefices in which the stipends are so small; nor does he state how many of the licensed curates hold two curacies. For though he affirms that his own case—that of a curate entrusted with the care of 1,400 souls, and receiving a stipend of 50L—is the case of thousands (he had already stated the whole number of curates to be 4,524), we believe it to be u case of very rare occurrence. In the majority of in stances in which the curate's stipend is only 504, we believe that the population falls short of 300, and that he in consequence holds the curacy of another parish, of which the population also falls short of 300, and fur the duty of which he also receives 50/. Now, though we sincerely wish that every parish could have its resident minister, we do nut greatly object to the union of two contiguous parishes, the joint population of which does not exceed 600 souls, under one curate. We are far from under-rating the services of the stipendiary curates; we heartily wish that their remuneration was greater than it is but we cannot allow that they are that neglected body of men which the " Country Curate" repre sents them to be. Their condition' hten been greatly improved since the passing of the Consolidated Act : no one whe remembers what were the stipends of curates forty, nay, thirty years ago, will venture to affirm the contrary. Their si►uation is, in fact, pre ferable to that of the holders of small benefices. We know a county in which the value of at least one fourth of the benefices falls below 1301. a-year.— Now we confidently assert that a curate worth 1001. a-year (there are 500 such curates, according to the statement in the letter) would be a loser by ex changing his curacy for such a benefice. The " Country Curate" states his own case to be without remedy ; yet undoubtedly it is in his diocesan's power to raise his stipend to 751. a very inadequate remuneration, we admit, but bearing a high ratio to the whole value of the benefice, 130/. The letter writer proceeds— " How very seldom do we hear of a pious and hard-working Curate, even though his life has been a pattern of exemplary conduct and rigid self denial, being rewarded by preferment, and how ad dom is it ever bestowed on these who do nor pos seas either political claims, interest, or purchase money." There is unhappily too 'ouch truth in 'this statement, yet it should be remembered that more than one-half of the parochial benefices are in the gift of laymen; and so long as advowsone and next presentations are bought and sold, we fear that the possessors of purchase•money will stand the best chance of preferment. As, however, the world does not expect in laymen any deep sense of , the obligations attaching to the possession of pa tronage, it does not scrutinize very severely the manner in which they dispose of their preferment; but with respect to the preferment in the gift of the Crown, and still more of the Bishops and other cc clesiasticul patrons, the case is different. That the world regards as peculiatly destined fur the reward of professional merit, and when it is bestowed on unworthy objects, from 'cor rupt, and selfish, and • interested motives, the outcry against the base betrayers of their sacred trust is as loud as it is just. If, as the letter-writer affirms, the Established Church has sunk in public estimation, how large a share of its unpopularity dues it owe to the disgusting nepo tism of a Tomline or a Sparks;! The remedy sug gested in the letter for the evil of which the writer complains, is the abolition of pluralities. This, in the. present state of the revenues of the chureh, is imposisible, but they may be regulated. Let no clergyman hold more than two parochial beneficee ; nor let two be held together, unless the value of one of them is under two' hundred pounds per annum ; aud let every such pluralist be required to divide his residence equally between the two benefices. The most effectual remedy of non-residence will be to compel all impropriators, lay as well as ecclesias tical, to fulfil the condition on which the impro priution was originally granted- r -to make an adequate provision for the maintenance of a resident Vicar. We would nut, with Lord King, abolish Deaneries and Prebends, but we would regulate and apply them to their legitimate use—the encourage ment of professional learning. None buo., a fanatic will uflirrn, that without learning the cause of re, ligion can be successfully defended against the scep tic; or that of the Established Church against the impugners of its doctrine and discipline. But it rarely happens that the parochial clergy can col lect the requisite stores of theological knowledge ; their time is too much engrossed by the active duties of the Ministry, not to mention that the practice of addressing mixed congregations is not favourable to the acquisition of tho , e habits of close Rod accurate reasoning which are necessary to the skilful manage ment of controversy. A preacher, for the most part, is more solicitous respecting the effect likely to be produced on his audience titan the correctness of his argument. The Church, therefore, must command the services of learned men, who may labour in the closet, while the " working clergy," as is the fashion to term them, are labouring in the parish. Of Bishoprics we shall only at present say, that some mode must be devised of eettitag rid of the *vandal of translat►ons and commendams ; or, if translations are allowed, it shot►ld only be in the case of Bishops wino,•having toiled long in the more laborious dio ceses, may justly claim a removal to less arduous situatioas, with it view, not to advancement, but re pose.—Times. .Those honourable and moat considerate members of the 44 . collective wisdom" of the nation who wish to engage the present Government in prosecu tions against the Press, by the way of putting down the distuthances which are the inevitable and not unforeseen result °film impoverished and debased condition of the labouring classes, have not taken any hostile notice of the most inflammatory produc tion that has issued from the great and dreaded engine of illumination in modern times ;-4 produc tion, however, which Ministers are not likely to pro secute, inasmuch as they have themselves been ac cessories, before the fact, to its publication. Need we Hanle the " Pension List," in which every poor man " who rises early and lies down lute, and eats the bread of carefuluess"—that is, if he can get any laced to eat at all,-finds that a large.portion of the taxation which keeps him in degrading indigence goes to feed and pamper hordes of splendid paupers —the relations, dependents, followers, and syeo.• phants of the great and noble of the land, who hi. boor not at all, and who receive, in glittering idle ness, the fruits of the poor mates industry? To those mendicant partakers of the bounty which they •do not contribute to earn no stigma of pauperism attaches—ut least in their own eyes—if we may judge by the aristocratic names in which many of them rejoice, and the rank And opulence to Wide,' they are allied. This arises, perhaps, from such pauperism not being accompanied by any of the " outward and visible sire Which mark out the condition of life among the " lower orders." The plebeian pauper must bear about with him the badge . of his dependence. He must solicit the public bounty through the 'churlish authority of the overseers ; ho must work for the public, if work can be found ; and, if the workhouse be his home, he must feed on such fare as the con tractor provides, or take his portion with those whom . the parishl authorities farm out to the best bidder, who makes a luxurious livelihood by the profit which he derives from the Subsistence of the poor. If his settlement be litigated, he must appear in a Court of .Justice, and prove his pauperism upon his oath ; and for any of the ebullitions of his dis content against the provisions of the Statutes in that case made and provided there is the cooling process of the tread-mill and prison discipline. From all such degrading regulations the aristocratic pauper is perfectly free. Once admitted into the paradise of the " Pension List," he may, like the rich man in Scripture, say to his soul, " Soul, thou hast much goods laid up for many years ; eat, drink, and be merry." He need not thenceforth disquiet himself about providing for the morrow. Whoever tills the ground, he knows that the produce will ripen for him—whoever puts the sickle into the harvest, he knows that for him the sheaves shall be gathered into the garner. His is a life of joyous dependence, and of satisfied debasement . ;—no badge marks hiM out as the recipient of public bounty amid the fluttering children of vanity and pleasure —for him no surly overseer stands at the gate of the temple of charity, to make him feel his abject situ ation by half-shutting it in his face;—he re ceives the public alms with the aid of one who condescended to honour the giver by accept ing them, and, unconscious of a blush for the dependence of his situation, hears about fantastic notions of dignity and rank to " midnight revels and the public show." This description, of comae, does not apply to those pensioners who have per formed meritorious service of a public nature,. and who are not otherwise provided for; such persons receive not the public bounty, but a remuneration for their honourable labours, to which they are well entitled. Such names are, however, on the Pen sion List, " like angel visits, few and far between ;" and, therefore, we are justified in saying that the publication of this document is more calculated to increase the poptilar irritation and discontent than tiny thing which has obtained circulationt through the Press in modern times. When the Irish Pension List was under discussion in the Irish Parliament in the year 1786, the celebrated Advocate, Curran, then a Member of that Parliament, applied to it, in a speech replete with the richness of his pecu liar humour, the following sarcastic observations, which are equally applicable to the triple Pen sion List of the present day :—" This polyglot of wealth, this museum of curiosities, the Pen sion List, embraces every link in the human chain, every description of men, women, and children, from the exalted excellence of a Hawke 'Or a Rodney, to the debased situation of the lady who hurnbleth herself that she may be exalted. But the lessons it inculcates form its greatest perfection; it teacheth that sioth end vice may eat that bread which virtue and honesty may starve for after they had earned it. It teacheth the idle and dissolute to look up for that support which they are too proud to stoop and earn. It directs the minds of men to a complete reliance upon the ruling power of the Stice, which feeds the ravens of the Royal aviary, that cry continually for food. It teaches them to imitate those saints on the Pension List that are like the fillies of the field—they toil not, neither do they spin, and yet are arrayed like Solomon in all his glory. In fine, it teaches a lesson which, indeed, they might learn from Epictetus, that it is some times good not to be over-virtuous. It shows, in proportion art embarrassments increase, the munifi cence of the Crown increases also—in proportion as our clothes are rent, the Royal mantle is extended over us." Titus, in a spirit of caustic pleasantry did the genius of Comm characterise the Pension List of that day, and accurately prefigure that which excites the public surprise and indignation at present. The animation of the portraiture may be ascribed to his peculiar talent, but its severity is its truth.— Horning Herald. The Norwich Mercury, after alluding to a tt.iet ing of the magistrates of Norfolk, called by the Lord Lieutenant, for the organization of a consta bulary force, observes— " That circumstances but too well known, though not sufficiently marked during their progression, have die severed all those we shell for once denominate the rural classes. The landlord has separated himself widely from his tenantry, the tenantry is sundered not less widely from the labourer, arid all three from the church. What fol lows? Why, the labourer complains to his master that he is oppressed beyond bearing; the master answers by the declaration that he, too, is broken down by rent and rates, that in the great majority of instances the labourers were as much the instruments of preferring the complaints of the farmer ai of their own. When called upon to aid in the preservation of property, the labourers refused, nearly to a man ; and when urged to come forward, the farmers displayed reluctance or apprehension, and did so only upon conditions ; those conditions are now in a state rather of discussion than of fulfilment ; and thus those tremendous gulfs which have for years been opening be tween class and class, and man and man, are at length discovered and disclosed to universal observation. This is the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth ; and appalling enough it is, when considered in all the de tails and their consequences." It is now exactly 35 years since John Reeves published his series of Letters on the English Go .veretneet, a book that attracted much notice in its day ; which sets out with declaring, " That Eng.. lishmen differed from the people of every other country, in being animated with kind and generous feelings towards each other." " To say nothing (he observes) of the relative situation of the Nobleman and the Gentleman (where the sameness of education and habits of life will not suffer any essential distinction of manners and sentiment), we scorn from the very highest to the very lowest in the nation, to confess that there is a native unalterable temper and constitution of mind which belongs to us all in common ; we express it by two short words (John Bull), that are at length be, come endeared to us; expressing, as we all think, that original indelible character of an Englishman ; which the first Nobleman is proud to profess he enjoys, but enjoys only in common with the meanest of his tradesmen, his tenants, or his servants. This is a ri , ntiment that makes nu love and respect one another. The want of this in France, where the nobility and gentry hated or despised those beneath them as a distinct race of men, was the cause that they first placed barriers of separation, which made an inequality that was invidious; and afterwards, in their rage to cure the misehief of such a separation, levelled all to an equality that is more detestable than their former distinctions. This feeling of a congenial equality among us is a philosophy that is the growth of this island, Its riee is natural, nut forced; it is a philosophy that comes from the heart, and not from the head." Who would suppose that these two desc r ip t i ons apply to the some people ` ; that one generation hardly separates the periods when they were respec tively written- ? If the description of John Reeves be correct, that thirty-five years ago we were ho- Hourably diatinguisheal among the nations, by the kindliness of our feelings towards each other, the cor dial union of all mks and conditions, how happens it that the distinguishing characteristic of English society in the present dory is separation ? No one will question the fidelity of the picture of English society in the .21 7 orwiels Mercuiy. There are tre mendous gulfsbetween class and class, and matt mind man. The rich matt knows nothing of the ,e, p „i, tion, or character, or habits of the greater part of those willo live under his own roof. On the con ' trary all who visit the Continent ore. struck wi t h the übsence of that een3lmine of c l asses wh i ch is 80, the characteristic of English society. About the time when John Reeves published his Letters, the people of every neighh9nrhuod in the country know something of each ether. When a poor man, or tiny of his family, were suffering under illness or misfortune, the wife or daughters of the 'Squire would visit the cottage, end . Conveyjn person, wine or delicacies for the sufferers. These things, if done at all now, are entrusted exclusively to ttervatits No fashionable people would be seen in or even near a cottage. .Daring this period, the - face of the country has been covered with prisons ' and correction-houses. The progress of crime has teen accompanied by the progress of .cants. We: becate every year louder and louder in the praise of our religion and morality, as we became less re- ligious and less moral. Our correction-houses, to appearance, were the abodes of Saints. There seemed to be a general understanding in the nation that all should wear a mask, which yet all should see through. Mr. Cunningham, in his delightful Letters on New South Wales, -tells us that the rogues he conveyed to that penal settlement took care to be constantly at their Bibles when they knew be should see them. The war for putting dOwn Jacobins and preserving our holy religion has, by universal ad mission, produced ►hese disastrous results. The same Journal (the Norwich Mercury) observes : " All classes are elevated to the fullest extent of, if not absolutely beyond, their means, except the very lowest, which are depressed beyond longer endurance. The Go vernment exacts too much for its expenses (2,000,0001. for sinecures and pensions to wit); the purposes for which the production-of three rents, in agricultural phrase, formerly sufficed, are not, now to be met by five ; the landlord is not 'content to live upon his estate, in the bosom of his con nexions, where be is or might reign a prince in their affec tions ; but he courts the extended, though slight acquaint. anceships, and the ruinously expensive pleasures of fashion. able life in London or elsewhere; the farmer is no longer satisfied with the moderate concern and moderate enjoy- meat, which his capital and hiss occupation would com mand, while the labourer, oppressed and depressed alike, is converted into the demoralized, the cunning slave, and the despoiler of the property he is bound to protect, but in which he has no sufficient share to keep him honest— , no sufficient respect for its owners to keep him faithful. And what portion in this perplexity does the priesthood bear? Cut off hut too ofterafrom their charge by causes which we have in another article to-day described, their mediatory office of direction and of consolation is preter mitted by the distance interposed between themselves and their flecks. Little square brick buildings have risen in almost every village, in which not doctrinal differences alone are originated and encouraged, but the total separa tion from the church, end something very like antipathy wrought amongst the coarser and less instructed natures, when lying under real or imaginary grievance, or when rendered indifferent by distress or neglect. This is no ex- aggeratO portraiture—it is exact, for it is taken from the life." For a great part of all this we have to thank the Bank Restriction, and the depreciation which fol lowed in its train. During the progress of the de preciation the nation became quite intoxicated. Let a man enter on any undertaking with borrowed money, the nominal increase of the value of his stock soon enabled him to pay off his debt, and to become rich. Under such circumstances it was im prudence to refuse to speculate. Hence habits of prodigality, the usual concomitants of sudden wealth. Hence all the state and affectation which has so poisoned English society, that men sacrifice comfort in order to have the appearance of wealth. Dr. Doyle, in his valuable evidence before the Com mittee on the State of the Poor in Ireland, describes the effects of the depreciation on the Irish land holders:— " I think," he says, "when prices were very high, before the peace, landlords saw that the tenants could pay almost anything for land, and hence they let their lands very high, so much so, that many gentlemen in Ireland, who, thit ty or forty year. ago, were not worth 1,0001. a year, became worth 5,000/. a year. Then, when the peace same, and the value of lands fell, those gentlemen had establishments which, could not easily be reduced, for we all know how painful it is for a man to descend from a certain rank to another below it. They endeavoured . to keep up those establishments. Many of them also entered into marriage settlements, or borrowed motley, and so created incumbrances upon their property that they could not lower their rents, or let their land for its value. These I take to be among the causes why rents are over high, and the tenant overcharged." In the correspondence of Mr. Pinkerton, there is a letter from Mr. Dempster, who represented the Aberdeen District of Burghs in four Parliaments, dated 1789; he says, speaking of the mariner of living in London • " I remember the present Professor Ferguason boarding and lodging most comfortably on a first floor, at eighteen shillings per week. His victuals were sent up to him, or the family table oPen just as he pleased. Our friend Thorkelin, I presume, lives on very easy terms in London; and to a man so spiritually employed as you (Pinkerton), bodily considerations are not of much consequence. The Spectator and Taller, and I believe half the Members of Parliament in Queen Anne's time, lived an. Dr. Samuel Johason lived many years in London for SOL a year. 1 once beard him detail the system and style of life. . . 1 knew David Hume when he had not above thirty pounds a year to spend." It is pretty clear that the English of these days, and the English of the present have little in com mon, besides the language. People then studied their circutnstanees more; and appearances less. The rage, ever since we became so prodigiously rich, is to•have what no man else has—to be ad mitted to parties from which others are excluded— to avoid entertainments:to which all are admitted. The agitation of the country has roused us out of our trance. People begin to have a sort of vague idea, that the laws will. only be obeyed when the majority have an interest in obeying them, and that it dangerous to press too heavily on those who are on the ground. Many persons now bethink them that we have all a common nature, and that as in society we are all beholden to each other, no class ought to be treated with contempt. The Revolu tion of July bus led to a variety of comparisons, which would not have been made even a year ago. We have heard lately of instances of clergymen re pairing with their wives in person to the cottages of distressed parishioners with soups, and even meat, and endeavouring to renew the old feelings, which the war for our holy religion and its consequences extinguished among us. Misfortune makes men acquainted with strange bed-fellows. The appre hension of calamity softens the hearts of the proud. We will answer for it, that Game Laws, and the other delights of our aristocracy, have seen their best days.— Morning chronicle. We have just left ourselves sufficient space, we believe, to point the attention of our readers to the important meeting regarding Reform, which was held a few days ago, in a somewhat distant corner of the kingdom, and to recommend to theM a perusal of the too brief abstract which we are enabled to mpLeesteitii,tgeof respecting proceedings. pec.tin gßefo There rm in ev e ry been e ia rypa e r e t o ma f ty the i dtißirminghamuise distinguished and o r tie Edinburgh eio ! c h o a u y i e itr u y e , e a n nti pa th rt o i s c e ula c r )f ly , quenee, as well as sound sense, which guided the speakers; but we think it will be readily conceded, that the spirit of Reform was never more ably pour- frayed, or its cause more eloquently advocated, than be r The remembered, northern by the movers and seconders of the resolutions at thh the St. Andrew's meetin g. t e i d i , not ernP long ago part of th g n d te o r n l ' b was, y it one of its representatives, with beeing ktairur sat i s fi e d w ith thi ngs as t h ey were, and having no feeling in favour of Reform ; but how has the call been answered ? Has not the imputed stain been wiped off, and the slanderer convicted of the grossest misrepresentation ? Nay, is not the North more likely to communicate a new impetus to the South on the subject of Reform, than to receive a k son , or to take un example from it ?-111orning Advertiser. HUNTING INTELLIGENCE. AFPOINTURNTS. FOR TUE 'PRESENT SVERK. Th . Warwickshire Mounds meot on Monday,. _at White Village; T uem l a y, at Ilminton ; Thursday, at Oakley Wood; and Satur. day, at Swaeliffe—nt half.past ten. Sir Itieh.frd Sutton's llountis meet on Mondays at Blankney ; Tuesday,turday at (ritutby Park; 'I - hu rs d a y, a t Skellingthorpe; and ('ate Burton—at eleven. The Th e !frighten !farriers meet on Monday, near Patchier ; "Wed. nesday near the Rate Course; and Friday, neat the Dyke—at half.past ten. The LiroOkside Harrier* meet on Mandel, at Newmarket; wm no day, at Asheembe, (the alternate Wednesday at the Kennel, Ilford) ; and Friday, at Tel eseembeTye—tit hilf.past ten. Lord Yarborough's Hounds meet on Mandel', at Binbrook ; wo n eway,td Yarborough Cam _p ; Friday, at Itedboum e House; and B.turtinY. et Cuxivold—at eleven. Mr. Freeman Hounds meet on Tuesnisty, at . the rower' en the Moor; and Saturday, at 'I othUl Wood.—at half-past ten. The Cheshire Hounds meet on Monday, at Calveler Hell; Wednesday, at Shavingten ; Thursday,. at Marbury Village; and Saturday}, at Wrenbury half.patt ten, The Cambridgeshiire Hounds meet on Monday, at the Hard. wicks Arms and Friday, at Waretley Turnpike.—at half. past ten. FROM THE GAZETTE OP LAST NIGHT At the Council Chamber, Whitehall, the VRESENT, 'lle Lords of his Majesty's Most lion. Privy Council. It it this day ordere:l by their Lordships that his Grace the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury do prepare Forms of Prayer to Almighty God, on account of , the' trouble state' of certain parts of the United •Kingdom ; And it is hereby further ordered, that his Majesty's printer do forthwith print a competent number of the said Forms of Prayers, that the same may be forthwith sent round and read in all the Cathedral, Collegiate and Paro chial Churches and Chapels throughout those parts of the United Kingdom, called England and Ireland, as soon as the Ministers thereof may receive the same. W. L. BATHURST. At the Council Chamber, Whitehall, December 24, TRESISNT, The Lords of his Majesty's most Honourable Privy Council. It is this day ordered by their Lordship, that every Minister anti Preacher, as well of the Established Church in that part of Great Britain called Scotland, es those of the Episcopal Communion, protected and allowed by an Act, passed in the tenth year of her late Majesty Queen Anne, c. 7, intituled, " An Act to prevent the disturbing those of the Episcopal communion in that part of Great Britain called Scotland, in the exercise of their religious worship, and in the use of the Liturgy of the Church . of England, and for the repealing the Act, passed in the Par•. liament of Scotland, intituled ' An Act against irregular baptisms and marriages,' " do, at some time during the exercise of the Divine Service in such respective church, congregation, or assembly, put up their prayers to Al mighty God, on account of the troubled state of certain parts of 'the United Kingdom. NAL L. BATHURST. At the Court at Brighton, the 27th of December, 1830, PRISYNT, The King's Moat Excellent Majesty in Council. Whereat' by an Act, passed in the eleventh year of his late Majesty King George the Fourth, intituled " An Act to suspend, until the end of the next Session of Parliament the making of lists and the ballots and enrolments of the Militia of the United Kingdom," it is enacted that it shall be lawful fur his Majesty, by any Order in Council, to di rect that any proceedings shall be had at any time before the expiration of such period as aforesaid, either fur the giving of notices and making returns and preparing lists, and also for the proceeding to ballot and enrol men for the filling up vacancies in the Militia of the United Kingdom, or any part thereof, as his Majesty shall deem expedient ; and upon the issuing of any such Order, all such proceed inge shall be had for carrying into execution all the provi sions of the Acts in force in England, Scotland, and Ire land, respectively, relating to the giving notices for, and return of lista, and for the ballotting and enrolling of men to supply any vacancies in the Militia, and holding general and sub-division meetings for such purpose, at such time respectively as shall be expressed in any such Order in Council, or by any directions given in pursuance thereof to the Lord Lieutenants, or Deputy Lieutenants acting fur Lord Lieutenants, of the several Counties, Shires, Ridings, Cities, and places, in Great Britain, or to the Governors, and Deputy-Governors of Counties and places in Ireland, or to the Warden and Special Deputy- Wardens of the Stannaries, and all the provisions of the several Acts in force in England, Scotland, and Ire land, respectively, relating to the Militia and Corps of Miners of Cornwall and Devon, shall, upon any such order and direction given in pursuance thereof, become and be in full force, and be carried into execution at the period specified in such order or direction as aforesaid, with all Much penalties and forfeitures for uny neglect tbereof as fully as if such periods had been fixed iu the Acts relating to such Militia and Miners. And whereas it is deemed expedient that proceedings should new be bad for holding general and subdivision meetings, for the giving notices, and making returns and preparing lists; and also for the proceeding to ballot and enroll men for filling op vacancies iu the Militia of Great Britain, it is ordered by his Majesty, by and with the advice of his Privy Council, that within fourteen days in England, and three weeks in Scotland, after the date of this Order, the Lord Lieutenants and Vice- Lieutenants in the several counties, shires, ridings, cities, and places in Great Britain, shall summon, or cause to be summoned, general meetings for the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of, the Acts now in force in Eng land and Scotland respectively, relating to the giving notice for, and return of lists, and for balloting and en rolling men to supply any vacancies in the Militia, within the several periods prescribed by the Acts in that behalf made and provided for the execution of these proceedings respectively, and under all the penalties and forfeitures fur the neglect thereof, as are directed by the said Acts re spectively. WM. L. BATHURST. Dublin Cattle, Dec. 23. The Marquis of Anglesea, who embarked at Holyhead on Wednesday morning the 22d of December, on board the Escape steam-vessel, arrived at Kingston Harbour at eleven o'clock at night. His Lordship, on his arrival in Dublin this day, was received by the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, Sheriffs, and Commons of the City of Dublin; his Lordship attended by a squadron o f d ragoons , procseded to the Castle, sod the Council having assembled, at two o'clock, was introduced in form to their Excellencies the Lords Justices, who received him sitting under the canopy of state in the Presence Chamber, from whence a proces sion was made, in the usual state, to the Council Chita:ber ; the Council sitting, hie Lordship's commission was read, and the oaths being administered to him, his Lordship was invested with the collar of the Most Illustrious Order of St. Patrick, and received the sword of state from the Lords Justices. His Excellency afterwards repaired to the Pretence Chamber, and received the compliments of the Nobility and other persons of distinction, upon his safe arrival and taking upon him the government of Ireland. Crown Office, Dec 28. MtiMEERS RITURNED TO SERVE IN THIS PRESENT PAR- LIAItIIiNT. BOROUGH of ST. Gartstal;-- Winthrop Mackworth Pried, of the Middle Temple, London, Esq. in the room of the Right lion Sir Henry liarilitige, who has accepted the Chiltern flunilieds. BOROUGII OF L OSTWITIIIEL..—EnIeit Augustus Edg cumbe, Esq. (commonly called Viscount Valletort), of Mount Edgrumbe, in the county of Devon, in the room of the Right /lon. William Fitzgerald Vesey Fitzgerald, who has accepted the Chiltern Hundreds. Bottom& or Pmatrrox EanLe—Sir Compton Dom vine, Bart., of Santephouse, near Dublin, in Ireland, in the room of Viscount Valletort, who has accepted the Chiltern lluntlretiv. War-Office, Dec. 28. 2d Regiment of Dragoon Guards—Cornet IL R. Addi son to be Adjutant, vice Charlton, who resigns the Ad jutancy only, Dec. 28, 1830. 2d Foot—Staff-Assistant-Surg eon Thomas Fox, M.D. to he Assistant-Surgeon, vice Leithead, deceased, Dec. 251. 15th Foot----G. Parker, Cent., to be Ensign, by pur cliase, vice Norton, promoted, Dec. 28. 63d Foot—Lieutenant 11. Fry to be Captain, without purchase, vice Halms, deceased ; Ensign A. C. Pole to be Lieutenant, vice Fry, June 5, 75th Foot—Captain C. J. Welsh, from the half-pay, to be Captain, vice J. D. King, who exchanges, receiving the difference, Dec. 28. 88th Foot.—ll. Townahend, Gent. to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Lord, appointed to the 6th Foot, Dec. 28. UNATTACHED. To he Captains of Infantry, without purchase. Lieut. W. F. bolt, from the 86th Foot; Lieut. J. Pickering, from the 40th Foot, Dec. 28. STAFF. To be Aides-de-Camp to the King, with the rank of Colonel in the Army. Lieut.-Col. W. Trernenheere, of the Royal Marines; Lieut.-Colonel IL P. Lewis, of the Royal Marines, Dee. LB. Office of Ordnance Dee. 21. Royal Regiment of Artillery—Gentleman Cadet F. Wodehouee to be Second Lieutenant, vice Rogers, pro— moted. Ordnance Medical Department--Second Assistant-Sur geon C. Dempsey to be First Assistant-Surgeon, vice Ro kinson, deceased ; J. Savage, M.D., to be Second As. sistant•Surgeon, vice Dempsey, promoted, BANKRUPTS. Jaynes Hardwick, Cheltenham], carpenter, Jan. 13, at three, 14, and Feb. 8, at eleven, at the Fleece Inn, Chel. tenhatn. White, Old-square, Lincoln's-inn, London W h ley, jun., Cirencester. John ()Aden, Rod-ley, Derbyshire, flax-manufacturer, Jan. 10, 11, and Feb. 8, at one, at the Roe Buck Inn, Leek, Staffordshire. Abbott and Arney, Symond'lt-lun, Chancery-lane, London ; W e l c h, A s hb orne . Edward Grant, jun., Oxford, c orn-f a ctor, Jan. 7, a t six, Jan. 8, a t n i ne , an d F e b. 8 , at e l even , a t the Three Goats Inn, Oxford. Robinson,Hine, and Robi nson , Charter-House-square, London ; Dudley, Oxford. Alexander Ironside, Louth, Lincolnshire, nurseryman, Jan. 8, at seven, 4, and Feb. 8, at eleven, at the New King's Head Inn, Louth. Shaw, Ely-place, Holbert] ; Wilson, Louth. • William Hales, Vern, Slanpitire, cabinet-0114,r, Jan. 5,6, and Feb. 8, at eleven, at the Ravin Hotel, Shrews bury. Philpot and Stone, Southampton-street, Bloom. bury-eqare ; Barley and Sesta, §heterlittirts. , George Coming, Bedford-place, Coinittermsl- road, her. tuerehant, Jan. 4, at eleven, 14, at.On".l44sl,reib,, l3, s t twelve, at the Court of Commissioners. Burfeicd, MsL cony-court, Tower-hill. Henry Richardson, Taunton, Somerset, Jan. les and Feb. 18, at eleven, at the Court of Conimit"*" "I lisisth Baldwin, r h itl e Newg M stre eU Eanningham, Yorkahire, 0°0)4- spinners, Jan. 1, at twelve, at Tolson's. Office, Bradford, 5, at twelve, and Feb. 8, at eleven, at tbet.San lass Bradford. Walter, Symond'a.inn ; Toboti,-BFadf4- Isaac, Francis, and George PatriCk, Ilrampton•en - k . Nlorthen, Treeton, Yorkshire, nialtatere, Jan. 10, at three, at the Angel Inn, Rotherham, 11, and 'keb• 8, at twelve, at the King's Head Inn, Sheffield. 'tayki, Bed ford-row, London ; Badger, Rotherham. James Royston, Manchester, innkeepe r, Ja n . 7, st two, 14, and Feb. 8, at nine, at the Bridge Intl, ilolton, cashire. Affiington, Gregory, and Faulkner, BedfLord row, London ; Boardman, Robots. Samuel Gear, Nottingham. 6sl I toitongsr Jan. 7 114 and Feb. 8, at eleven, at Wilson's Hotel, Nottingb4ro• payee and Daft, Nottingham; Taylor,lFeatherstone.hnildiart . Holborn. Mitchell Roberts, Little Esstekeap, ; Ironer, , 11, at eleven, 25, at ten, and Fe b. B, ;t eleven, at the Court of Commissioners. Sandorn,Doaster•courh MinetareAto" DIVIDENDS.. sen., and W. Hill, jun., Higholtraet* South - W. Hal, wark, salters, Jim. 18, at one, at the (butt of COMMIS. sioners....W. Jackson, Roeliford, Reuss Jac. 2b, at eleven, at the Court of. Commissioners -J. Elliott, jun., Gwell.street, engineer, Jan. 18, at . three, it t he os Court of Comissioners----J. Sharpe, Dake.street,'Vele4t • m minster, bookseller, Jan. 18, at ten, at: tbeCourt of Con missionera—W. Gilpin, Villiers-street,.Stess4-"Tor clothier, Jan. 18, at ten, at the Court of Commissioeen —G. Fall, Bread-street, factor,l4,4t f Court of Commissioneri—C. SpUnlin, triditr 4glwl ; Cheapside, dealer, Jan. 18, at ele ven, at the C a rt of Commissioners—W. Line, St. Pfore.terrases towu, builder, Jan. 18, at twelve, ft the Cf_Lltf , 9f 2 r::, missioners—R. B. Burleigh, Bishor e Ptet".., ' wine.merchant, Jan. 18, at tea, at $ Can/ sioners—G. Symmons, Atherstorie .WerWitts" g g „. seller, Jan 18, at elevea, at the 6ourt Co —J. Archer, King's Lynn, Norfolk , ~,,dgfP2l.,„* .*: ea ten, at the Court of Conunissioners...n. **ns,7n-cair. Higginson, Liverpool, merchants, hurl.' A. ". w . past one, at the Clarendon-htlidioricr, Prideaux,_ Cots land and W. B. Colton, Lir r' 20, at one, at the George Inns'Litilgr u E. cEßTiric.f.M JAir• J. Barnett, Belfast, mortsberli--.41. 'Book OFt"s" , g" Cooper, Phis Ucha Dvrygyfylehi, Cerearvoas eV dealer. PARTNERSHIPS DISIIO inidersfield, J. Starkey and Co., Loagroyd Bridge, Yorkshire, woollen - cloth- manufacturers —F.' Radius° W. Lenfear, Devises, Wiltshire, tnachlie-mair-77 Stoddart„ sen., and Co., Freshford, Sontersetelure,c.,,7l: thiers—G. E. Clayton and J. Dyer, Linut,aPrA,ol7o. Plymouth, , timber.merbe.hant—t waterproofers—A.. Powell and E. M. Blelolet ampton Jar d House, Clapton, Seiiool-nliWelle*"."ll* and Co., 'Warwick-lane, brasaounams---C. Jone . t.. an d Bow Church-yard, wbolesale-drapere---T. Co., Grareehurch-streer, hat-manufacturers nd and J. S. Almond, Richmond, druggists---J. Pisstigradhire, G. Crossley, Rookstnoor Mills, Stroud , 1 31 °u i ce : clothiers—J. and S. Coltman, Leicester( bos er d A. and E. 13. Peony, Liverpool--J. Barber,importers of 141-;,....u1ir i n d I Draper, Whitechapel , wine•merehants—L. ''"' us"' H. Tyne, BeJufort-buildingo, Strand, sttorPern,,„„,car ting and T. Simmonds , Petworth,, Ss? g-°Zlc.isae, tiers—J. Wilson, jun. and A. :Wilson, kiwi wholesale-stationers. THE MARKETS. COUNTRY CORN MARKETS DURING TOO W s.Bll. Wheat. Barley. Oat& Ter Quarter. Bolton Gainaborough 'wove* Grantham Lincoln Spilaby 1, • (0 81 64 s. to J. to • -- 38 44 04 a , g 4. 38 16 ' l ^„ A 11) g 5 311 •14 w„,„ •rg as 42 22 ad 06 ,34 40. 20 g 01 • .4a. laS a 49 04 Wh i te Wheat (per quarter). Bed ratio ........ ........ ...... Barley ...... N . .......... ........ .............. Beans .......... ................... Oil Cake. 'New ......... 10 11 I As ......_7__„.----........__::::::172r to ........ 18 0 1 .. ...... 11 0 1 . ....... 110 0 ,i 11 o .......... 12 0 Ot d. • 04. - - 41 010 NOftWICII, Pec. W e have had a moderato supply of Wheat to.day, which , rea.tily taken off fully up to hut week's prices, and for a ee/ prime 10131p1C0 Is. pet quarter more was obtained. The suprlY of Barley contiuues se.anty • last Wees prices are firmly spy P. tamed. In other Orlin a alteration. flour advanced ls. PO sack. What (Per qr.)... 834. 721. 755. I lissna Or qr.) ..... ... 3 4,, 4 " !Tuley ........ - ..... 341. os. 425. ease Orgy .......... *ls 40s. °40....... ... .. .. ..... Is. *flor, line (per sack) NM. 56 ,, CAN'tERBU WI. I>ea. 4 24. The supply of Grain rigs pretty good this day, but we had not What w as of persons at market. was rather dearer, but Barley, lions, and Oath W' it being held this day. the same. Wheat, white ........ . M. to Tao. ...... 01d......... --l• ....0, t 0 ...41. B "ikr"r 1::"*"" 560. ta 70*. ...... Old ......... Arley, ....hung ...... 34, to 404, ...... Ornutmg. !Ss. to :W. Oats9os. te 265. ...... Old .....,..• 9na. to No. eans...—. .. ... .. ... . ... .is. to 39‘. ..... Old ......... 30s. to 42.• Pease ... ....... ......... 38s. to:3os. ...... Grey ...... 358. to :It3i. AN ACCOUNT OF CATTLE IMPORTS!) INTO LIB'S TO DEC. J 4, SOTO DAYS INC I LI Cows. Gilves. 1 SZT. I 31 Pie: 12'20 50 .04 IRISH BIAI DUBLIN MARK} W .00.0 rAr ‘;'°' ,RKETS ITEL—Fx I From 30 13 0 14 0 ji 7 0 12 0 SIM' 0 AY D ee. 1, 0 41 0 9 17 6 1 7 0 0 10 1,275 Wheat, per barrel 20 stone 2:7 Beestone 1,0&i 111 stone 4,901 Oats 12 stone 8,565 Cwt. 9 stone 1,296 Oatmeal 8 stone Sold to Makers only. 7,044 Cwt. Flour .100.0.0.1.0• 0 0. 11 ..... • Average price of Wheat an. Firsts, Receipts of Flour, 11,979 sec . m , Sales of Do. 11,457 Third ritICZ Or 101 94. et. 0 . 04 1° 14 4 15 19 t o ° b f0iti0ipt..00,105..10,0:1%1 00,i,j,m. hum 7 ,, pd, J 44. 4... w ii ~...e..... 111 iitleA.P. tall' ... r ritICZ Or 1114.0 1 . __........ , Quartern Loaf--........... 10 1 . ( Half Quertern .""*"..-- eer CO' Wheat, Barley. Qat'. F10tr.........% per barrel per barrel per b arrel 9,1. t.t._ 20 atone. 16 stone. 14 stone. ..^ ........ - 1 . s.d.a cd. cd. a a.d. cd.ao.d. s• d; a ti i '7 o** l9 0 I Cork .......... 26 (1-30 012 0.-15 6 H 0-.14 32 0 u" - ; 0 0.4 0 Limerick 30 0-35 011 6-12 2 8 0--15 018 .-. ,t 2 10 0.5 . 0 WaterfordiS) 0-35 013 0-.16 011 0--1 3 0 17 1 7 ,r"1" le 0 ,48 " Clonmel ....1.31 6-. V 011 6-15 010 6-1 2 6 u"" „ 0 o ,„„ , _qy cuiow ...,hz 0-40 012 0-ID 010 0-.13 02 0 W - 4 _ ------ j ___ ,-•-- "—"-'-'-''';-.-ffi--- itler.l_,..-ic.. Beef, Mutton, Pork, per lb. per lb. per cwt. pt. * l ' .. ...„,,,,,....." -- 4 ----. ••••••••••••....... .."....". ......... 11.4. L . -------id„ ad. d. a d. s. d. as.d.s.l. a. d. c ...., 0 0 1 Cork '3l -6 3-6 21 0-2,1 092 1 01 , i 7O O 16 ( 0 ) Laieertck-, :1 -.4 3-4 32 0...35- 0.94 088 0 t u, ohi 0 iNaterford 2-4 3 -5 20 030 elim 006 ...,- (),... 0 0 Clonmel -3 -5 3.-5 29 0.-31 0199 086 li „ ~4 0.. Carlow...-. 4 -410 0 0 0.- 0 0178 074 '"l''''' -. ..1-.'---------... • Wheat. 30S tors‘r. ,o I(3s. per cwt. ; Wheat ads, a. per bag Oats N. to Ito. er • 3er 2d. to 44. per lb. ; }lulgruneop, lone; Coala Is. 2d. per OA, KILKInINY.—Butter ti per barrel ; Flour to 39s rel ; Barley 14s. to 16s. ; B to d. ; Potatoes 3d. per st Pigs Ws. to Wis, per cwt. ~1~?~~ COTTON WOOL Lai or tstroars AND Sltrl ~ ~YrO~rjp. f i~rainrrr~. ~ ~mo pa tpf 'l'hia riu~l brat ( J r pear. y raz. a Bags &c. Bags, itc., .. Liverpool.. ....... 77105 t 542 ,4 3 .1 London 27.C.1 67,906 Glasvnnv 47,769 32,584 Total exported in HMO ..... ....... Sarno period IWO ........... ..... ,3 6 % 117 0 ,45.5. BIRTIIS. . Oa the 26th inst. in Chester-street, Grosvenor.'Pl" the Lady Georgians Milord, of twins, still.born. 4,1 y On the 28th inst . in Bolton-street, Pi c cadilly , lb * of Sir G. Hampson, Dart. of a son. , y of ' J• 11. On the 28th inst. in Gower-street, the la d y Forbes, of a daughter. MARRIED. j, On the 28th inst. at Hackney, Joseph, eldest son 0_ f .. „,, Wheelwright, EL4I.. of Stamford-hill, to Jane I:3,',';:e only child of the late Jost'ph Maddox, Esq. iii SO' Newington. 'T. On the 27th inst. at Paddington, ths Iler. Wo b ut r Birds, hector of Preston, Salon, to Lydias ItulY d 4" g of the late D. Dagley, Esq. of Conaught-aquin' On the 28th inst. in Norfolk-street, Lott'. Stasa' -c '' den, Esq. , of Moan Common, aged VT. 16 . 0 1 , Oa the 27th inst. at Paddington, J. Ilichards,'' - Captain la his Majesty's Royal Navy, aged / 0 . PRINTSD _ Alfa Pususugn sr IVIURISO YOUNth vis, Eivs (Imes, 112, Fria sv, Loavolf. ',