The Sun. — London, England, 1864-09-01 00:00:00

Na val and Military Intelligence, Brevet •Col. Pierrepont, H. Mundy, Royal Artil lery, of t he 10th brigade, yesterday joined at Wool wich fro m leave, and will take charge of the 4th brigade Field Artillery, the headquarters of which, as well • is the A and B batteries in command of Lieut.-( Jol. Barry, C. 8., and Lieut.-Col. N. 0. S. Turner,, marched into Woolwich yesterday, from .Alders'o ott. _ _ The '3d brigade Military Train, in command of Major - lill 4 Court, from Canada. is expected to arrive and tike up its quarters at the camp on Woolwich• common soon after the 20th inst. The whole of the brigtvle horses having been disposed of by public suet ion consequent on their departure from America, Major Shervinton, Brigade Major of the corps aZ Woolwich, has purchased the necessary remounts, vt'aich are now in readiness for its arrival. The Salamanca, hired sailing transport, Captain Livesay, belonging to Messrs. Dunbar and Co., of London, arrived at Spithead yesterday, with the folloNcing officers and troops on board, from various corps serving in India, embarked at Bombay and Nurraohee :—From Bombay—Lieut. Wiley, 18111 Foot ; Surg. Irwin, medical staff, in medical charge' 18 in valids, 48 time-expired men, 5 women, and 9 child ren. From Kurrachee—Capt. Brigstocke, Mrs. Brigetocke, and 3 children ; Lients. Cobb and Mid dleton, 51st Foot; 37 time-expired men, 125 inva. lids (various corps), 12 women, and 16 children. Private passengers—Lieut. Wilmington, R.A., and Mrs. Rimmington, from Bombay ; Lieut. Park, Mrs Park, and 2 children, from Knrrachee. The Salamanca sailed from Kurrachee, May 26, and St. Helena, July 27, crossed the Equator on the 6th of August. Six invalided soldiers died during the passage home from chronic complaints. Her Ma i.sty's screw corvette Hornet, Captain the Hon. A. Hare, sailed from St. Helena for Spithead on the 20th of July. The following vesse:s were spoken by the Salamanca, since leaving St. Helena. Aug. 3, in lat. 4 39, long. 18 48, the bark Jenny Wren, from Whampoa for London, 102 days out ; Aug. 7, in lat. 2 N., long. 24 58 W., the bark Geelong, of Liverpool, standing to the S.W. ; Aug, 12, in lat. 13 4CI, long. 26 47, the hired sailing troopship Petri. circa from Queenstown, bound to Calcutta, out 20 days, all well. The Louisa, hired sailing transport, 903 tons, be longing to Teighe and Smith, of London, Capt. Till man, also arrived at Spithead yesterday morning, with troops from Bombay and Kurrachee as follows: Capt. Harrison, 79th Highlanders, in military com- wand; Capt. Davis, 19th Foot; Lieut. Jarvis, 101st .Regiment; Lieut. Dunlop, Rifle Brigade; Assist.. S urg. Thornhill, 7 Hussars ; Capt. Wright, 109th Regiment ; 143 invalids, 90 time-expired men, 13 women, 18 children, and 4 military convicts, from various regiments serving in India. Three births occurred during the voyage, and Ensign NlTarthy, unattached, and 4 invalid soldiers died. The Louisa sailed from Bambay May 7, and from Kurrachee May 22, arrived at St. Helena on the 26th of July, and sailed again on the 28th. The usual weather was experienced from Kurrachee to the south end of Madagascar. From thence until rounding the Cape, on the 15th of July, a continuance of westerly winds, with three gales from the same quarter,were iexperienced, Light winds were met with to the Equator, which was crossed on the Gth of August, a.'id from the Equator to the Western Islands the winds were well easterly, and from Western Islands to , the Channel southerly. The following ships were spoken by the Louisa : June 3, lat. 4 N., long. 77 E. the , ship Mary Queen, from Bombay for Liverpool ; 4tb , lat. 4 N., long. 79 E., the bark Colonist, from Boi nbay for Liverpool ; July 30, let. 12 S., long. 10 the ship Diadem, from Bombay for Liverpool; 31st., lat. 11 S., long. 12 W., the Datch bark Pol lux, from Batavia for Amsterdam ; Aug. 1, lat. 9 S. long. 13 W., the ship Glenalva, from Bombay for Live :pool; 7th, lat. 2 N., long. 21 W., the bark Deleaware, from Swansea for Valparaiso; Bth, lat. 5 Y., long. 22 W., the Dutch bark Maria Adoifina, froi n Amsterdam for Singapore ; Sth, lat. 5 N, long. 22 W, the Sardinian ship Colombo, from Genoa for Macao; 10th, lat. 9 N, long. 24 W, the American barik Sierra Nevada, hound south, and the bark Dee rslayrr, from Swansea for Valparaiso; 11th, lat. 12 N, long. 25 W, the Guernsey schooner Sa gitta, steering south ; 15th, lat. 20 N, long 27, the French ship Alma, from Havre for Valparaiso. The troops will be disembarked from the Salamanca and the Louisa early this morning, under the superin tendence of Col. Snadweil, Assist. Quartermaster- General, and the invalids forwarded by Government steamer to the Royal Victoria Military Hospital at Netley, and the time-expired men to the depots of their respective regiments. Both the Salamanca and the Louisa have made a rather extraordinary passage home, not exactly as relates to the short ,ness of time alone, but as comparing their time with that of other vessels, several having left port for England some weeks before them. Immediately the troops have been disembarked the Salamanca and the Louisa will sail from Spithead for London, to discharge their cargoes of tea, coffee, ginger, &c. 3.7. he War Department transport Marlborough ar rived at Chatham yesterday from Woolwich, having on 'board the second instalment of the 100 pounder 6t ton smooth-bore guns for the ironclad frigate Ac.hilies, 20, 1,250 horse power, making 16 of the new description which have arrived for that vessel from the Royal Gun Factory. The Achilles not being ready to receive her armament for some days to come, the Marlborough was berthed alongside the ordnance wharf, and, according to orders issued yes terday, will not land the guns at the gun•wharf, owing to some defect having been discovered in the largest crane, which would render it unsafe to at. tempt to land gutsof the weight of the 100-pounders by its means. It should here be remarked that a couple of what were then considered - powerful steam cranes were erected at the ordnance_wharf about two or three years since, at great expense, but as9s cwt. 68-pounder guns were then considered by the authorities to be the largest and heaviest kind which would ever be in use in the British service, the cranes in question were only constructed to lift up to 5 tons, so that they are practically useless for landing the present description of ordnance, the present require. meats of the services necessitating cranes to lift from 15 to 20 tons each. The Bomarsund, War Dapartment transport, went alongside the ordnance wharf at Chatham yesterday with the first portion of the guns, solid and hollow shot, stores, &e., from the Forte, 39,400-horse power, Captain A. Mellersh, which is being dismantled at the Nore. The annual regatta by the officers and men of the Rayal Engineers, under the patronage of Major- Gen. Sir R. Walpole, Col. H. I). Harness, and other officers of distinction at Chatham, took place yester day afternoon in the Medway, a short distance from Rochester-bridge. Five races were contested by the officers and men of the corps, including a pair-oar race, sculling match, four-oir race, and other matches, all of which were well rowed, the starting point being from the Esplanade. Owing, however, to the heavy rain which fell the whole time, the sports were much marred. There was a numerous attendance of visitors, and the band of the Royal Engineers played a choice selection of music at in tervals, _ _ The French Imperial seagoing naval cadet train. ing corvettes La Bougainville, Commander Nourry (screw), and Le Chassenr, Commander Cany (sailing corvette), arrived at Spithead yesterday morning, from L'Orient, on a cruise of instruction, and on coming to anchor exchanged the customary salutes with the flagship of the Poet Admiral and Naval Commander in Chief, and with the saluting hattlry of Portsmouth garrison. In running in for Spithead anchorage Le (Masseur, which was in charge at the time of a Deal lugger's man, grounded on the Spit bank, and remained there for about half an hour, when she was got off again with local aid. To.drey the officers and cadets will land from the corvettes and visit Portsmouth Dockyard, &c. Co). Said Bey, of the Turkish Imperial service, who has been permitted by the War Department au• thorities to carry out a course of studies during the past eight months, under Mr. Anderson, Assistant- Superintendent of the Royal Gun Factories in Woolwich Arsenal, on all matters connected with the manufacture of ordnance, has completed the re quisite curse, and is about to return to Constanti. nople where the Turkish Government have the in n o f erecting' batteries for the production of fen‘to their own heavy ordnance, as well as the small arms, &c., necessary for the equipment of their own troops, without having recourse to foreign assist• ance. Col. Said Bey is spoken of as being an officer of great ability and aptitude for all kinds of mecha nical and manufacturing operations, and during his sojourn at Woolwich he has manifested much ac tivity and perseverance. The following appointments were made yesterday at the Admiralty :—George Gleason, chief engineer , to the Brisk; H. J. Packer, assist.-engineer, to the Frederick William ; W. Fenton (a) and H. Griffin, assist.-engineers, to the Brisk ; C. J. B. Hutchinson, Arthur T. Claydon, and Arnold West, assist.-clerks, additional, to the Marlborough. THE VOLUNTEERS. Referring to the conditions for the annual trial of rifles which appeared in The Sun a short time since, the following addition has been added to condition 111. :—Length.—The length of the barrel to be 33 inches. The members of the St. James's Company Queen's (Westminster) Rifle Volunteers competed for the Bidgood Challenge Cap and association Prize on Monday last at Wormwood Scrnbbs. The ranges were 200, 500, and 600 yards, seven shots at each range, Wimbledon targets and scoring. The cup was won by Private Hewitt, with a score of 54 marks ; Private James taking the second prize with a total of 51 marks. On Saturday last a match between two tens of No. 2 company of the 2d or South Middlesex Rifles, took place at the ranges of the corps at the rear of the head•quarters, Beaufort-house, Walham green. The butts of the Queen's (Westminster) and St. George's Rifles, at Wormwood Scrubbs, will be opened to the regiments all day on the 3rd and 17th of September, and on the Ist and 15th of October, while those of the West Middlesex will be opened all day on the 13th and 27th of September, and on the 11th and 25th of October. The Regimental Challenge Cup of the corps will be shot for by members of No. 1 and 2 companies on Saturday next, at Wormwood-scrubbs, at the ranges of the Queen's (Westminster). The annual prize meeting of the 12th Middlesex (Barnet) Rifles has been brought to a close at the ranges of the corps at Moat Mount, Highwood, in the grounds of Mr. E. W. Coz. The arrangements this year were more extensive than usual, including an encampment which lasted four nights. The tents were arranged to form three sides of a square, and were about 10 or 12 in number. The camp was protected against intruders from without by a rope stretched upon stakes, and the only legitimate way of ingress and egress was through a handsome arched entrance of evergreens guarded by sentinels night and day. One tent to three persons was one of the camp regulations. The vacation of the 7th Surrey Rifles will cease on Wednesday next, September 7, on which day the usual drills will be resumed. The annual regimental prize meeting will be held on Friday and Saturday next at the rifle ranges on `Nimble• don-common. In Essex the Ist County Corps has been hospit ably entertained at the residence of Major Russell, its captain. Several members of the corps have competed at the butt for a pewter, which after some smart firing, was won by Private Unwin. A con test has taken place among the Chelmsford Corps for a challenge medal given by Major liringhurst, and held during the past year by Private Aldridge. The conditions were two shots at 200, 300, 500, 600, and 900 yards, The highest score (10 marks) was made by Corporal F. Meggy, to whom Major Bring burst accordingly presented the medal. Corporal Meggy has now won the medal for the third time out of four contests. The annual prize competition among the members of the Colchester Corps com menced on Monday, and was continued on Tuesday. sum of /10 was presented by each of the borough members, and was competed for by separate com panies. The ranges were 300 and 600 yards, seven shots at each, and the winners were as follows ;—A company, first prize, a silver cup of the value of 17—Major Bishop ; B company, first prize, a silver cup of the value of £7—Sergeant Pertwee. Batta lion prizes were presented by Lieut.-Col. Sir Claude de Crospigny and Major Bishop, open to two mem bers in the Essex County Administrative Battalion, of which the Colchester corps furnis a part, the prizes being given for the highest scores at 600 yards, seven shuts each. The first prize, of £4, was won by Private G. Farmer, 6th Essex. The Har wich winners' prizes were competed for at 200 and 500 yards, seven shots at each, the highest scores to take their chance, and winners at Harwich not to compete. The first prize, a clock, presented by Private Bagg, was won by Bugle-Major Aylett. Tuesday's shooting commenced with a compe. tition among the members of both companies for a London armoury rifle presented by Mr H. Green, a silver powder flask presented by Armourer Hast, and a silver card-case presented by Private Dold. The ranges were 400 and 600 yards, seven shots at each, and the winner of the first prize was Corporal Farmer. Skirmishing prizes were cffered —L6 to each company, to be divided among the three best targets of each company, ranges between 400 and 200 yards. A volley firing prize of £5 was competed for by 10 men of each company, the winners to receive 10s each ; 10 shots each. The average of the A company was 9.70 and of the B company 6 . 50; the representatives of the A cone• pany were therefore the winners. The shooting for one of the remaining prizes was continued yesterday. The Oxford City Rifle Corps had its annual prize shooting on Monday at Hinksey butt. A silver cup given by Private Underhill was won by Private Prior, who made 26 marks in seven rounds, each at 500 and 600 yards. A cluck offered by Mr Parsons, banker, was carried:off by Corporal Green-39 marks, seven rounds, at 200 and 500 yards. The challenge rifle, presented by the late Mr S. Mor rell, was gained by Private Prior-31 marks, five rounds at 500 and 600 yards. Private Venables won a silver cup for the highest score (27) at 300 and 400 yards, five rounds. Two University pewter tankards, offered by Ensig n Hussey, prizemen be ing excluded f rom the competition, were won by Private B ar tl ett ( 24 marks) and Sergeant Jacob (20), five round s a t 25 0 and 450 yards. In Suffolk the third annual contest has just taken place for the challenge vase presented to the Had leigh corps. Other prizes were also shot for. The vase must be won by a member for two consecutive years before it becomes his property. It is conse quently open for future competition, as it has this year been gained by Lieut. Robinson, Serg eant Kersey, the last winner, having failed to secure it. There were four other contests, the first being for £B, or a silver cup of that value, presented by Capt. Thornley, and which was won by Ensign Freeman, who made 34 marks at 650, 700, 800, and 900 yards, five shots each. The next contest was for another challenge vase, together with a handsome clock presented by the Hon. Lady Rowley. The vase was competed for subject to the same conditions as at the two former contests, and was won by Lieut. Robinson, who made a total of 28 marks at 300, 500, and 600 yards. The third contest was for three prizes offered by Lieut. Robinson—for £3, £2, and £l, at 150, 200, and 250 yards. A rifle contest between the first and second bat talions of the Staffordshire Rifle Volunteers took place at Sudbury-park, Derbyshire, on Saturday. There were 16 competitors on each side, the dis tances being 200, SGO, and 600 yards, with five shots at each distance, and the rifles used long En fields. The first battalion scored at the respective distances as follows :-200 yards, 214; 500 yards, 200; 600 yards, 178; total marks, 502. The second battalion made 222 at the first range, 196 at the second, and 144 at the third ; total, 562. This made the eleventh match which the firbt battalion had shot with different corps, and in every one of them they have been the victors. The winner at the first prize at 300 yards in the match at B ur y was Sergeant Harding. T he annual shooting of the Leicestershire regi ment took place last week for the challenge prize, a cup value 25 gui neas . There were 19 competitors. The terms were five shots each at 300, 500, and 600 yards, and six answers at judging distance. This prize Was won by Private Kelsey, of the Ashbysdee l-Zouch corps. Th e Ladies' Prize, a cup value £lO, shot f or b y marksmen only of this year, seven rounds at 700 and 800 yards, was won by Private Anderson, of Melton, who made 34 points. For Sir Henry Halford's prize, first £lO, second £7, and third £5 (the second and third prizes being given by Colonel Halford), five rounds at 200, 500, and 600 yards, there were 37 competitors. Mr Brookes, of Croft, was the winner of the first prize ; Captain Millican and Ensign Biggs tied for the second prize, and then fired each a shot at the 600 yards' range ; Captain Millican scored an outer, and Mr. Biggs a bull's-eye, thus winning the second prize, and Captain Millican taking the third. The annual prize shooting of the Tavistock Rifle Corps took place on Monday. The weather was favourable, and there was a large concourse of ladies and gentlemen on the ground. Major Duperier, adjutant of the battalion, acted as umpire. The best of several moue y prizas given by the Dnke of Bed• ford was won by Sergeant Daw, who made a total of 23 at 300 and 600 yards, five shots at each dis tance. Privates Hindmarsh and Bickford tied for the second prize with 22, but the former was dis qualified on account of using a rifle not Govern, meat pattern. The Mining Cup and £l7, given by gentlemen connected with mines of the Tavistock district, were competed for at 200, 400, and 600 yards, five shots at each range. Sergeant Askham won the cup with a score of 41. Privates Minhina nett and Hindmarsh tied with 40 for the best money prize, but Hindmarsh was again disqualified for the same reason as in the previous class. The borough prizes were shot for at 200, and 500 yards, seven shots at each distance. The first prize (the Por. treeve's Cup) was carried off by Lieutenant Perry with a score of 41. Sergeant Daw and private Hindmarsh tied with 39 for the best money prize, but the latter was again disqualified. The best of the recruits' prizes was won by private Rapson, with a score of 16, made by five shots at each die• tance of 200 and 300 yards. The annual competition for prizes offered to the Great Yarmouth Administrative Battalion com menced on Monday at the practice-ground on the North Denes. There were 15 competitors for a cup of the value of £5 55., presented by the Mayor (Mr. R. Steward), the ranges being 200 and 590 yards, seven rounds each. The highest score was made by Corporal Wilshak, at present the champion shot of Norfolk, who obtained 42 marks, Sergeant Chipperfield coming next with 37 marks. Corporal Wilshak accordingly won the prize. The second prize was of the value of £lO, and was presented by the members for the borough, Sir E. H. K. La con, M.P., and Sir H. J. Stracey, M.P. Tho ranges were 200, 500, and 600 yards, five rounds at each, and there were 22 competitors. Here again Corpo. ral Wilshak proved the winner, making 41 marks, while Sergeant Pearson came next with 38 marks. As the rules of the competition prevented more than one prize going to any one person, Corporal Wile hak had to resign the second prize to Sergeant Pearson. The third contest was for a series of prizes offered by Major Orde and the officers of the battalion. Major Orde's prizes were £5, £3, and £2, option to ail efficient members of the corps who had never won a battalion prize. The ranges were 200 and 500 yards, five shots each, and there were 45 competitors. About 30 failed to score 20 marks, and the highest score was made by Corporal Davy -28 marks. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 1, 1864. petted this year. The largest portion of the crop goes to Liverpool and Smyrna, and the rest to Mar seilles and Constantinople. Some little injury has been caused by hail, but the crops look well. From Janina the Consul reports that in 1863 cotton culti• cation was for the first time tried at Epirus, and although, on the whole, the experiment failed, partly through ignorance, there was sufficient to inspire confidence, and to induce greater exertions this year. Considerable progress has consequently been made, the services of experienced growers from Salonica have been obtained, and it is confidently expected that the results will be such as to consti tute cotton a staple product of the country. The plains of Arta and Musakia offer the most favour able spots, and the small quantity grown last year, about 18,0001 b., was sent to Corfu. The scarcity of labour is represented to be a difficulty which may be overcome by the introduction of Bulgarian peasants. Railway and Other Companies, GREAT NORTHERN. The proposed scheme of the Great Eastern Northern Junction has given rise to a discussion on its merits, and Mr Edmund Denison, the chairman of the Great Northern Company, has issued an address to the shareholders of that undertaking, in which he discusses the question of the Great Eastern northern scheme, and denies that the advantages announced would be obtained from it. The real points at issue between that company and the one over which he pre sides do not, he observes, appear so surprising as has been represented, and he remarks that, as the Great Eastern threaten to renew the contest next year, the shareholders of the Great Northern may venture to hope that, as the new lines will be in a forward state, Parliament will refuse to sanction a fourth north and south scheme through the county of Lincoln, especially when the objects of legitimate competition can be gained without it. The late contest was expensive, the Great Eastern case having taken 18 days in the House of Commons, and the Great Northern seven. But this was the only heavy case in which they had been en gaged during a session in which there were so many bills that the house had at last decided to relieve itself of part of the labour of committees by appointing referees to do their work for them. The success of that particular plan, somewhat hastily devised and adopted in the last days of the session, seemed extremely doubtful, but it might be the first step towards the adoption of a plan he himself proposed in 1853 to a committee on the subject while he was a member of Parliament, viz., the establishment of a regular court of well-qualified judges cf private bills, inde pendent of any Government board or control, from which the only appeal could be to each house at large, not trying the case over again, but acting, as now, on the report of their own committees. An appeal from such judges as these ought to be, or any judges, to a committee of four or five gentlemen, whose only judicial qualification should consist in their being members of Parl.ament, would be fatal to the existence of a court beyond a year, and would probably make it impossible to constitute it properly at first, Par liament would not exercise less but far more real control over bills sent to them by a court outside than it does now over the decisions of committees, with which, however un just, foolish, or inconsistent with each other, almost inva riably refuses to interfere ; and if the salary of the judges were as high as any in Westminster Hall it would be saved many times over by the greater simplicity and quickness of the proceedings. Cotton Supply Association. At the usual weekly meeting of the Executive Committee, held on Tuesday, a letter was read from Tortola, West Indies, stating that the writer had just opened another cotton plantation, where he is trying experiments with different varieties of seed, and reporting that the cultivation is making satis. factory progress in those islands. Extracts were read from a despstell addressed to Earl Russell by her Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires at St Petersburg, re. specting the amount of cotton exported from Bokhara to Russia during the last few years. In 1859 the exportation amounted to 1,562,0401 b., of the value of £25,652 ; in 1860 it had in- creased to 6,722,8001 b., in value 1103,350—but this year it is represented, on good euthority, that the amount of cotton expected from Bokhara is 20,000,0001 b., of the value of 11,650,000—that is to say, equal in value to the entire export trade from Bokhara. to Russia for a period of ten year , ,, from 849 to 1859 inclusive. A letter was received from :he Indian office requesting a further supply of Peru, vi in seed for the Government in Bombay, for ev perimental cultivation in Scinde and other districts of that Presidency . . An application for seeds for emigrants intending to enter upon the cultivation of cotton in Queensland, near to Ipswich or Mary borough, was granted. C9nsular despatches for warded by the Foreign office were received from Fiji, Rio de Janeiro, Tripoli, Algiers, Bosna Serai, Trebizond, Adrianople, DardenellEs, Gallipoli, and Janina, reporting on ithe cultivation of cotton in those districts. In Fiji the return shows the total area planted with cotton to be from 300 to 350 acres, and the expected yield to be from 170 to 200 tons of cotton in the seed. The greater part of this ,and was planted in the later part of 1863 or early in 1864 ; only one plantation is now in the third year, which it is anticipated will produce 2,0001 b, of seed cotton per acre. From Rio de Janeiro the Consul reports that the exportation of cotton from the several provinces of Brazil in the financial year of 1852-3, was 14,255 tons, of the value of £533,112 6s 10d. In the financial year 1862-3 the quantity exported was 15,508 tons, in value £1,892,003 8s 2d. In the nine months of the present financial year, from July 1, 1863, to March 31, 1864, the quantity exported is 11,263 tons of the value of £1,924,280 13s 6d. The planters, although they are suffering greatly from the want of roads, are fully alive to their own interests, the culture of cotton has increased and spread, and there is little fear of its diminishing. In Tripoli the efforts hitherto made have failed of success; the want of capital, water, and population seems to hold out no prospect of any other result. From Algeria the returns show that the produce of 1863 was 879,8001 h of clean cotton, and that from two to three times that quantity may be expected this year, the greater part of which is sent to Havre or Marseilles. The Government is making strenuous efforts to increase the cultivation of cotton by the offer of premiums and otherwise, and the soil and climate are well suited to its growth; but the heavy charges of transport, and the uncertainty as to the continuance of present prices, make the colonists afraid to venture into great speculations. From Trebizond the Consul reports that the indifferent result of the insignificant trials made in 1863, and the presence of 100,000 Circassians, emigrants, ravaging the most productive spots, deterred the farmers from making a fresh trial to grow cotton in the present year. From the district of the liar• danelles the returns show that 2,800 acres were planted in 1863, and 14,000 acres in 1864. The crops have been favoured with propitious weather, and the yield is expected to be above the average. The cultivation of Egyptian cotton has been almost entirely abandoned, as the climate is not suited to it. Th e N e w Orleans seed procured from Serres has been sown by some influential ealtivetors ; the crop bears a fine appearance, and is watched with great interest by the natives. One-fourth of the produce is shipped direct to England, one-half to Prance, and the remainder to Smyrna. In the Vice-Consu lar district of Adrianople, the report shows that 3,610 acres were planted in 1863, and 7,100 acres in 1861; that the produce in the former year was about 410,0001 b, and that in the latter about 700,0001 b to 800,0001 b of cotton may bs expected. The crops are looking well, and promise a good yield. The growers generally prefer the American to the Egyptian seed, as it reaches maturity earlier by about four weeks, and gives better returns. The production of cotton in this district is susceptible of great increase. In the district of Enos from 50,000 to 80,000 acres wore planted in 1863, and a much greater area this year. Hitherto the produce has barely sufficed for the consumption of the district. In the district of Itodosto the crops look well, and a considerable increase in cotton cul tivation will take place if prices are maintained ; the produce goes to Marseilles and Constantinople. The previous failure of exotic seed has prevented its use this year. From Gallipoli the Vice-Consul re ports that 3,000 acres were planted in 1863, and 5,000 acres in 1864; that the produce of the former year wee 8,800 cwt., and .that 15,000 cwt. is ex- NORTH-WESTERN. A half-yearly meeting of this company was held on Mon' day in Leeds—Mr H. Alcock in the chair. The accounts showed that the expenditure on capital ac count was £1,257,123. The revenue account for the half year ending June 30 last showed a balance from last account of £12,-114, which, with sums received and receivable from the Midland Company, amounted to £35,265. The dividend and interest amounted to £21,012, leaving £14,253 available for ordinary dividend. The CHAIRMAN said that the Midland Company in the last session ob ained powers to run trains from Ingleton to Carlisle over the London and North-Western line, and that would be very likely in future to increase the traffic over this company's line. In 1852 the directors of this company endeavoured to obtain such running powers, but Parliament objected to granting them, though it gave them facility clauses, but now in addition to those facilities, the Midland Company had got running powers to Carlisle over the Lan caster and Carlisle line. That was all that was wanting to make the line of this company a complete route to the North. No doubt in time it would be the most favourite route, and the traffic over the North Western must become consider ablo. He understood the Scotch traffic agreement the Mid land Company were determined to break, and then this com pany would get a fairer proportion of it. Ile concluded by moving the adoption of the report: Major HARE, deputy chairman, seconded the motion, and it was carried. A dividend of 7s per share was declared, payable on the Ist of September, being at the rate of 31 per cent per annum, The proceedings concluded with a vote of thanks tb the chairman. SALISBURY AND DORSET JUNCTION. The half-yearly meeting of this company was held yester day at the offices, Peets'-corner, Westminster—Mr Marsh, M.P., in the chair. Mr llouN, the secretary, read the report, which stated that since the last half-yearly meeting two-thirds of the land required for the railway and stations had been obtained, and that considerable progress had been made with the construc tion of the line. The directors believed that the entire line would be open for public traffic next summer. The CHAIRMAN moved the adoption of the report, which was seconded and carried. The meeting was then made special, and The CHAIRMAN moved a resolution, empowering the di rectors to borrow on mortgage a sum not exceeding £53,300, pursuant to the provision of the Salisbury and Dorset Railway Act, 1861. Mr PAINE seconded the rotion, which was carried. A vote. of thanks to the chairman concluded the pro ceedings. GUILDFORD, HORSHAM, AND LEA.TIIERHEAD. The half-yearly meeting of this company was held on Tuesday at the London -bridge Terminus—Mr J. Scott in the chair, l'he report stated that considerable progress was now being made with the construction of the line and works, and there was no reason to doubt that it would be opened for public traffic in the course of the present year. The re ceipts had been £80,029, the expenditure £BO,OOO. Mr Whishaw seconded the adoption of the report, and it was carried unanimously ; and on the motion of Mr Henderson, Messrs Nix, Whishaw, and Scott were re-elected directors, and Mr C. Lushington auditor, and the meeting separated. BUCKFASTLEIGH, TO rNES, AND SOUTH DEVON. The first half-yearly meeting of this company w as hold at Buckfastleigh Monday ; Mr T. Michelmore in the chair. The CHAIRMAN said that the register of shareholders contained many good names, but before the works could be proceeded with the hat should be doubly as strong as it was at present. When shares to the value of £lO,OOO were taken up the contractors would immediately commence the construction of the line, for the completion of which it was thought about 12 months would be required. Remarks in support of the undertaking were made, and it was hoped thot the requisite amount of capital would soon be subscribed in the district. The proceedings closed with a vote of thanks to the chairman. SITTINGBOURNE AND SHEERNESS. The half-yearly meeting of 'this company was held yes terday at the office, John-street, Bedford-row; tdr L. Si m pson in the chair. Th e CHAIRMAN said he regretted to inform the meeting that the report of the committee of .inve sti g ation not being re ady to lay before the shareholde rs, an adjournment of the mee ting would become neeessary. He therefore proposed that the meeting stand adjourned till t he 14th of Sept., for the purpose of receiving the repor t of the directors and the report of the committee of investigation. The resolution was agreed to, and the meeting adjourned accordingly. ST OURBRID GE' The ninth ordinary meeting of this company was held at Stourbridge on Friday; Mr Akroyd in the chair. The report stated that the line w as being worked satisfac torily, and the traffic which had been carried over it yielded a revenue out of which the directors were enabled to recom mend a dividend of 4i per cent. for the year ended June 30, 1864. The report was adopted. It was stated that the Stourbridge Extension line would open an independent connection between Birmingham and the Worcestershire system cf railways, and that it was being rapidly pressed on. The principal difficulty in the works was a tunnel through the Itowley-hills, but 700 yards of it had been completed, and it was expected that the whole line would be finished by next summer. MID-WALES. A special meeting of this company was held yesterday at the offices iu Gresham-house ; Mr A. Chapman in the chair. The Secretary read the notice convening the meeting. Tho CHAIRMAN then moved the following resolution: — "That the company borrow on mortgage of the undertaking under the Mid-Wales Railway Act, 1354, in addition to the sums already borrowed or authorized to be borrowed, the additional sum of £30,000, for such term and at such rate of interest, not exceeding £5 por cent. per annum, as the directors may think fit." Mr LEFEAUX seconded the motion, which was carried. On the motion of Capt. JOHNS, a vote of thanks was passed to the chairman, and the proceedings terminated. BANSTEAD AND EPSOM DOWNS. The half yearly !meeting was held at the London-bridge Terminus on Tuesday—Mr J. 11. Nix in the chair. The report stated that the line was nearly approaching comple tion, but there had been such delays on thty part of the con tractor that they were obliged to take the works out of his hands. They hoped the line would be open for public traffic without delay. The receipts were £17,000, and the expen diture £47,800. The report was adopted, and Mr E. Bel lamy was elected auditor. SAFFRON WALDEN. The works on this line, which will connect Saffron Wal d©n with the Great Eastern at Audley End, are making good progress, and traffic will it is expected be commenced in November. The works are rather heavy, the River Cam being crossed at a height of 48ft., while the embankment at this point contains 136,000 cubic yards of earth. There is also a cutting having a maximum depth of 52ft., and from which 120,000 cubic yards of earth have been removed. An embankment over the Fulfan Valley attains a maximum height of 45ft., and contains 65,000 cubic yards of earth. The works are also advancing on the extension to Bartlow, a further length of six miles. The line is to be worked by the Great Eastern. WEST CORK. The half-yearly meeting of this company was held yes terday, at the offices, Graceehureh-strect—Sir C. 1), Roney in chair. Mr 11. W. Wood, the secretary, read the report, which congratulated the shareholders on the gratifying progress made with the works during the past six months, notwith standing the unfavourable state of the money market, and other causes over which the directors and contractors had no control. The line from Bandon to Danmanway,a length of 171 miles(with the exception of one:mile and a half now under progress) might be considered completed. The permanent way was now being laid down, and in a few months the line from its junction with the Cork and Bandon Railway at Bandon to Dunmanway could be made ready for the engines and carriages. The rolling stock had been ordered for deli very in October. On the remaining portion of the line from Dunmanway to Skibbereen, a length of 17i miles, four mil es had been already made, and were ready to receive the per manent way. The works on this section being of an easy character, and the rails and other permanent way materials having been delivered on the ground, the line into Skib bereen could be completed within a short period after the necessary arrangements had been made for carrying out the same. The debenture borrowing powers of the company ' had been legally exercised to their authorised amount. Those debentures had, under the powers of the company's special Act, 1860, the additional security of a land baronial gua rantee attached to them, equal to 41 per cent. per annum interest for a period of 20 years from the opening of the railway. The attention of the board was still directed with a view to the establishment of Crookhaven as a port of call for American steamers, now that the subsidy had been with drawn from the Galway route ; and the directors desired to repeat their conviction that if the West Cork Railway were extended to Crookhaven, and the suggested improvements for the accommodation of large steamers carried out there, that harbour could not fail, owing to its geographical posi tion, to become a transatlantic station and port of call. The directors had much gratification in expressing their sense of the honourable manner in which the contractors, Messrs. Wheatley, Kirk, and Co., had carried out the works of the railway, fulfilling with punctuality their engagements with the company, a result which also must afford equal satisfac tion to the shareholders and the public. In conclusion, the board expressed their confident opinion as to the bone fide merits of the undertaking, and that it would be the means of opening up an important and prosperous future for the agricultural, commercial, and general interests of the ex tensive and populous districts west of Cork. The capital account showed £200,408 had been expended, leaving a ba lance of £3ll. The CHAIRMAN, in moving the adoption of the report and statement of accounts, said it was very satisfactory to the directors to be able to submit such a report. It was about the middle of last year that monetary and financial difficulties commenced, and notwithstanding the continu ance of financial operations, he was glad to say that for the last six months the works on their line had not :stopped for a single working day. AU the bridg3s, culverts, and other works had been completed on 16 miles of the lino between Bandon and Dunmanway, and of the mile and a half re maining to complete the section possession of the land had been obtAined, and the works were in progress. Tho works would be all completed at the Bandon end in Sept., and in Dec. at the Skibbereen end 41 miles would be completed and fenced in. The materials for 7 miles of permanent way had been deposited, and 101 miles had been laid with bal last 12 inches in thickness, and on the Skibbere3n end 3 miles of ballasting had been laid. The permanent way between Dunmanway and Bandon would be entirely com pleted in about three months. The line at the Bandon end would be finished in about two months from the present time, so as to insure the opening to Dunmanway before the end of the year. Ho had been over the works last week, end was perfectly satisfied with the substantial man ner in which they had been executed. The Board had still under consideration the great advantages of Crookhaven as a port of call fcr American steamers. When the line was opened to Dunrirtnway 38 miles of railway, or half the distance from Cork to Crookhaven, would be com pleted. Mr J. W. HOLLAND seconded the motion for the adap- tion of the report, and arid that from what he knew of the productive agricultural district through which the line would pass he believed the railway would be a commercial succeEs. The report was then unanimously adopted. Mr SWANTON explained the great advantages that would arise to men of business in Skibbereen and other places on the line when the railway was completed to that place, and that a very large additional traffic would be derived on the railways from Cork to Skibbereen if an extension were completed to Crookhaven. The proceedings concluded with a vote of thanks to the chairman and directors. CORK AND YOUGIIAL. Yesterday the half yearly meeting of this company was held at Gresham-house, Old Broad-street—Sir C. Roney in the chair, The Secretary (Mr C. Banks) read the report, which stated that the traffic receipts had been £12,328, being en increase of £2,449 over those of the c orresponding half of 18G3. During the first eight weeks of the current half year the receipts had averaged £llO a week above the corres ponding period of the previous year, during which period the working expenses had been considerably reduced, and now stood at 59 per cent. of the receipts. The steamer which had been placed upon the river Blackwater had been plied, and, in addition to its having caused an augmentation of traffic, had afforded increased facilities and accommoda tion to the tourists and residents in the vicinity, The CHAIRMAN, in moving the adoption of the report, said the traffic receipts for the half year had shown a very large increase, amounting to £2,449 over those of the cor responding period of 1863, giving them an average increase of £9l per week. That was highly satisfactory. The traffic still continued not only to maintain the position it had ac quired during the past half year, hut it was better. A part of the increase was due to the fact that they had been run ning hourly trains on the Queenstown line, and the public availed themselves largely of the accommodation thus afforded them. He went over the line last week, and he could state that it was in excellent condition. Nothing could be better than the manner in which the line and stations had been maintained. The traffiewas increasing,and the working expenses had been considerably reduced. They were now only 50 per cent, of the receipts. In Mr Parsons they had a most valuable officer. Building operations were actively continued, both at Youghal and at Queenstown, and the houses already erected at those places had been let on very remunerative terms. At Youghal a large number of houses had been erected, and they were no sooner habitable than tenants were found for them. He had no doubt the im provement in the traffic would be progressive. He con cluded by moving the adoption of the report. Mr. CHAMBERS seconded the motion, which was carried. A vote of thanks to the chairman concluded the proceed ings. LAMBETH-BRIDGE. The half-yearly meeting of this company was hold yes I terday at the offices, Great George-street, Westminster—. Lord Torrington in the chair. The Secretary road the report. The CIIIIRMAN said he had nothing to add to the report, as there had been no change in the circumstances of the sharekolders since the last meeting. The lessee, Mr Davis, paid the rent punctually. In his own mind he had every confidence that when the various works in the Thames were completed, and when the market was finished, a large amount of traffic would come over the bridge and improve their property. He moved the adoption of the report. Mr KELLY, in seconding the motion, asked how it was that the dividend was one per cent. less. The CHAIRMAN said it was a matter of prudence with the directors, as they had an arbitration case on hand. They had carried it over to the next account. It was only deferring payment, as the shareholders would no doubt have more dividend next time. The report was a'loptcd, and the dividend, at the rate of eight per cent. per annum for the past six months, was agreed to. A vote of thanks to the chairman concluded the proceed in gs. CLIFTON SUSPENSION-BRIDGE. The half•yearly meeting of this company was held on 11 Tuesday at Bristol—Captain Huish in the chair. The CHAIRMAN, in movinglthe adoption of the report, congratulated the shareholders on the approaching com pletion of the bridge. He regretted that it would not bs completed at the time of the visit of the British Associa tion to Bath, but said that every member of that associa tion would be allowed to inspect the works on presenting his card of membership. The bills had been settled with ono or,two exceptions. Foot passengers would be charged ld each. The bridge would be tested to the weight of 8,000 people packed shoulder to shoulder. The suspension rods were calculated to bear 40 tons each, and the greatest possible weight that could be put on them at anyone time would be 12 tons. In fact, he believed that it was the strongest suspension bridge in England. The report was adopted, and the salary of the secretary continued so long as his services were required. Some dis cussion took place relative to a remuneration to the direc tors, but, as there was want of unanimity, the subject was postponed until the next meting. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS POST.—So soon as it was discovered that the Federal Government were unable to crush in its commencement the rebellion which threatened the existence of the American Union, persons of a spe culative turn of mind proceeded to estimate the probable duration of the civil war, on the basis of the material resources of the two belligerents. The re spective numbers of the populations of th e N ort h ern _._ _ . and Southern States were duly noted, and the sources from which the expenditure of the war was to be met were made the subjects of careful investi . ~ gation. Modern warfare very closely resembles litigation, and victory in the ono case, as in the other, generally ranges on the side of those who possess the longest purse. But those who believed that pecuniary considerations would influence either of the rival Confederations, soon discovered their mistake. Neither the North nor the South pos sessed considerable revenues, but this circumstance did not in the slightest degree tend to curb an expenditure which, literally and not meta phorically, soon became boundless. For the North debt had no terrors, so confident were they that their enterprise would ultimately he successful, and that their obligations would be satisfied out of the pockets of the vanquished ; whilst, on the other hand, the South considered, and with justice, that no sum could be too high to pay as the price of their independence. And E o the war proceeded, and the debts of the belligerents increased, As, however, notwithstanding the recklessness with which the Old Republic has p1er7,.,0cl its credit, and the necessity imposed on the infant State of follow ing its example, a day of reckoning must sooner or later come, it may not be unadvisable to consider the financial conditions of the Governments of the two Confederations, It is some little time since re ports have been published either by the Secretary of the Treasury at Washington or at Richmond; but this circumstance will not preclude us from forming a tolerably correct estimate of the present position both of Northern and Southern finance. On this occasion we will confine our attention to the national ledger of the Northern States. We pub lished in our columns a day or two since a report, prepared in the beginning of the present year by Mr. Stuart, her Majesty's Secretary of Legation at 'Washington, which set forth in very clear language the receipts and expenditure of the Federal Govern ment for the past four years. To this report we will now take the opportunity of referring, making such comments as the truly extraordinary nature of its contents may set forth. Before the seces sion of the Southern States the public debt of the United States was a little in excess of £13,000,000, and the annual revenues of the Government at the same time were between £16,000,000 and 117,000,000, the expenditure being such as io leave a surplus of about 1500,000. The financial year terminates in Washington on the Ist of July, and on that day, in the year 1862, some fifteen months after the accession of Mr. Lincoln, the debt had been raised to £105,587,509. In 1863 it had in creased to £225,624,883, and on the Ist of July in the present year it was estimated that it would reach £346,397,667, and that in 1856 it would fall little short of £500,000,000. Whilst, however, the general state of the debt was thus increasing the annual revenues and expenditure increased in proportions equally amazing. The receipts, which for the year ending in July, 1861, were a little under £18,000,000, rose to close on £120,000,000 in the following year; in 1863, to £185,000,000 ; and in 1864 were estimated to reach £155,000,000. The expenditure during the same years being—in 1861, 117,367,000 , in 1862, £117,215,000 ; in 1863, £183,941,000 ; and in 1864, £154,000,000. For the year ending in July, 1865, the estimated expenditure is £154,376,000, and, as the receipts for the same year are only set down at £42,000,000, the balance would of course have to be raised by way of loan. Glancing, however, from these totals to the items of which they are composed, the first circum stance that strikes the inquirer is that the bulk of the receipts is composed of loans—the legitimate revenues of the country showing a comparatively trifling increase since the commencement of the war. Thus in 1862 the receipts from taxation are only .12,00e,000 in excess of those of the previous year, being about 111,000,000 from all sources, whereas the sums raised by loans had mounted from £8,000,000 to £108,000,000. In 1863 the receipts from taxation amounted to £25,000,000, and those from loans to £160,000,000. In 1864 taxation was expected to have brought into the Exchequer £33,000,000, but did not produce three-fourths of that sum, whilst the loans increased the existing debt by upwards of £140,000,000. An analysis of the items of expenditure show., as might be ex pected, that the immense drain has been occasioned almost exclusively by the war. The Army and Navy Departments, which together coat about 17,000,000 in 1861, cost in :862 nearly J.,90,000,000, in 1863 1136,000,000, and in 1864 upwards of £200,000,000. The average annual expenditure at the present rate may, therefore, be set down at about 1150,000,000, and of this sum about 1134,000,000 may be con sidered the annual expense of the war. The simple fact that even if the war comes to an end in the middle of next year the national debt of the Federal Government will be close on 1500,000,000, bearing interest amounting to about 120,000,000, is one which stands without parallel in the financial history of the world. In four short years a debt has been created which, if not so great as that which England took a century to accumu late, will necessitate the payment of as large, if not a larger, sum annually to the creditors of the State. Virtually no attempt hits been made (as the figures we have qnoted show) to pay by taxation even a small portion of the enormous expenditure which the war has occasioned; and it remains to be seen whether, at the conclusion of the war, the people of the Northern States will put their shoulder to the wheel and contribute a larger sum than in 1861 covered the entire expenditure bf the undivided Republic, merely to pay off the interest on the debt which they have so recklessly contracted, Nor is it alone the immense debt, and its accruing interest, that the inquirer into the financial pros pects of the Northern Republic should alone take into consideration to know what the peace establish ment of the United States cost before the secession of the South; but who can say what expenditure it will entail on the termination of the war ? What is to be done with the gigantic armies at present scattered over the American continent ? Will the individuals composing them lay down their arms and once more turn to the cultivation of the peace ful arts ? We doubt it very much. Can either of the Confederacies henceforth dispense with a stand ing army To this question we would wish that an affirmative reply could be given ; but a little consideration only leads one to fear that the answer of both republics will be in the negative. What, then, will be the probable amount of the revenues which the Government at Washington will be called upon to raise by taxation at the conclusion of the war in order to keep the vessel of the Stat afloat and maintain the national credit ? They must certainly reach 140,000,000, but will more probably touch £60,000,000. What means the population of the North have of raising these revenues we will ex amine on a subsequent occasion. For the present we merely place before the public as precisely as possible the financial position in which the Federal Government will find themselves placed, assuming that the first act of Mr. Lincoln's successor is to suspend hostilities and re-establish peace between the rival Republics. HERALD.—It is not often that our French cony temporaries venture to describe the sentiments really entertained towards them by their neighbours upon the other side of the Pyrenees. Recently there has been au honourable exception to this rule in the person of M. Auguste Villemot alcorrespondent of the Temps. This plain-speaking gentleman was present, as were also other French journalists, at the inauguration of the North of Spain Railway by the King of Spain. Upon taking a tour in the Peninsula he quickly discovered the genuine feeling of the Spanish people, or at any rate of that portion of them with which he became acquainted, towards their unwelcome visitors. The unfortunate writer had to complain not merely of cold and scanty hos pitality, but during his route from San Sebastian to Vittoria had to submit also to the significant cry of the villages, of" be off with you," in their language. M. Villemot from this reception, so unsatisfactory to his national and personal pride, has had the good sense to draw some pertinent conclusions, coloured, perhaps, a little by his Parisian habits of thought. The Spaniard is not the uncivilised or inhospitable being that our amusing contemporary would repre sent ; upon the contrary, he is distinguished by a hearty, though it may be stately, hospitality. Apart from this colouring, M. Villemot's inference is in the imain undeniable. The Spanish people do not love Frenchmen. Nor is this surprising, when wa consider the characteristic differences between the two nations, as well us the history of their relations to one another. It is the boast of a Frenchman that he belongs to the gayest, lightest-hearted, and most cosmopolitan race in the world. This character is exactly that which disqualifies him from mixing kindly with the staid and sober Spaniard, who is of all others the least inclined to put upiwith anything foreign. Just as in other countries, in England as much as in France, the romance of their history leads them back to the period in which conflicting elements, whether native or foreign, were made to cohere in one people, so Spanish romance points to the epoch in which the foreigner was expelled as the most glorious one in the annals of Spain. It' there is a person thoroughly detested by a genuine Spaniard, it is the so-called citizen of the AV orld. Patriotism he understands, of that he has given proofs marked with his hest blood, but pan-Teuton ism, pan-Slasism, paneliellenism, pea viallici3m, are not to his taste. Thai was a puiu!.. when ha would have liked to have held Flanders and Pori. tugal, but he never pretended that he did this be cause he had a special regard for the Flemish or the Portuguese people; hie right, he would have told you, lay in the power of the sword and pro scription ; in his days of supremacy he was not an assimilator, but a conqueror. A Frenchman, con• sequently, may expect tar more sympathy from the quick-witted Italian than from the graver inhabi tant of the Peninsula. B u t it m us t no t be thought that this is owing to inferiority of intelligence upon the part of the Spaniard ; on the contrary, if humour is to be placed above wit—end the first place will always be assigned to it by delicacy of taste—there is nothing more truly humourous than the best productions of Spanish literature. Not only are the characters of the French and Spanish nations essen tially different—one representing Attic smartness, the other Spartan gravity—but the events of hiss, tory have also established between them a distinc tion that seems to be ineffaceable, an a.ieuation which threatens to be permanent. M. Villemot has the candour to acknowledge that the undying hatred of the Spanish people is inspired by recollections of the first French Empire. This is unquestionably true, but we may go a little deeper. We may look upon the circumstance that the crowns of France and Spain are at present worn by Sovereigns of rival dynasties as purely fortuitous. Certainly this accident of itself would not tend to promote good feeling between the respective Governments, but for the purposes of a d m i n i s tration, and from motives of policy, this sort of difficultiesis not formidable. That which arises from the in herent and mutual dislike of the two nations is more serious. Both of them are branches of the Latin family, and for a long time the contest between them for pre-eminence was scarcely de cid-ed. An epoch arrived in which victory was un mistakably upon the side of Spain, but her triumph was short-lived, as sovereignty soon passed over to her detested rival. We have here at once an element of Peninsular hatred, quickened naturally by the gross excesses of the first Napoleon's marshals and the armies under their command. It was not merely that the victors of Pavia and St. Quentin had lost the supremacy of the Latin name, although that reflection must to Castilian pride have been almost insupportable, but that those to whom they had once given law now trampled them into the dust. Instead of peace being dictated under the walls of Paris, Madrid had become a French city. It is a well-attested fact in history that the nearer in blood two nations are the more bitter is their conflict. We have not to go back to ancient history to find ex amples of this : the relations that existed between Athens and the lonians existed also between the rival chieftains of Ireland and the Scotch Highlands. exist now between the contending sections of America. Thus, the very fact that both the French• man and the Spaniard claimed a Latin parentage was a sure omen that their struggle would be the more deadly; it in some degree accounts for the cruelties perpetrated by the French soldiery. For it must be remembered that the great Revolution, when it inverted the face of French society, brought the Latin element of the nation upwards, whilst the Norman-Frank was comparatively depressed. Asa suredly much of the outrage committed by the French armies in Spain is to be ascribed to their unbounded habits of licence; but even this reason does not satisfactorily explain why English and. Spanish prisoners were treated with so marked a distinction by a French captor. Having already this cause of hatred existing, wo may guess if the Spanish people would be pleased by the part which France took in the revivification of Italy, a third member of the Latin family. Religion, indeed. would make a Spaniard regard with horror the spoliation of the Papal dominions ; but independ ently of this, political feeling would have its weight With him. It is not enough, he would think, that I am no longer the leader of the Latin name, but there is also to be raised up a third Power, whom I used to treat as a makeweight in the family, and that Power likely to be a naval one, menacing both my imperial and commercial interests. It is as real amiable to expect that Spain can ever entertain cora dial sympathy for either France or Italy, as they aro at present constituted, as it would be toimagine that an old Argive would under any circumstances have consented without the most envenomed jeal ousy and hostility to the transfer of the Derma sceptre from Argos to Lacedmmon. We have not dwelt upon this subject because we rejoice in the division of the various members composing the great Latin family, but because it expresses a historical truth which the modern nationalist would do well, to study. There can be no question that M. Ville mot is justified in admitting without dispute the dislike borne by the Spanish people towards France, We have followed him the more readily in diseusss log the question because this dislike does not seem to us to be founded upon special grounds only, but, like most other problems of history, to be capable of generalisation. COUNTRY MARKETS. NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE—TuEsDny. This morning at our market wheat and other grain. was in moderate supply, and prices ruled at about the same as last Saturday, with a fair trade. LYNN-TUESDAY. At to-day's market the supply of wheat was much better. Old and now were in active request, and fully realised pre vious prices. Several samples of good heavy new barley were shown. Beans and oats fully as dear. White wheat 46s to 48s 1 Barley. 36s to 37s Red .. 42s to 44s I Grinding .. 29s to 31s Beans .3Bs to 39s 1 Oats .22s to 26s Small 36s to 37s I Peas —s to —s Averages Wheats, 42s 2d—barley, 31s 10d—beaus, 40s Od. HULL-TUESDAY. At our market to-day there was a very short supply of both old and new English wheat, which sold readily at rather over the quotations of last week. Foreign wheat barely supported late rates. MARKET HARBOROUGH—TuEsDAY. At our corn market to-day the supply of wheat was ra ther limited, and sold at a small advance on former rates. Barley and other articles scarce, with a healthy demand. —White wheat, 43s to 48s ; red, 39s to 43s per 36 stone. Malting barley at 30s to 32s per qr.; grinding, 27s to 29s per 30 st. Oats, old, 26s to 30s; new, 20a to 24s per 30 at. ; beans, 34s to 42s per qr. DUBLIN—TUESDAY. To-day the attendance was small. The sales moderate, and prices unaltered, s. d. s. d. 1 Wheat, white 24 0 to 26 6 Do., red 2l 6 to 24 0 Do., new Barley Oats Do., black — 0 to 0 s. d. s. d. Oatmeal lO 0 to 13 0 Beans.. . — oto 0 Bere — 0 to 0 Rapeseed Bakers' flour Indian corn Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton. Sept. 18. via Marseilles Sept. 12. Arazil and Cape Verds, by British packet Sept. 4. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena Sept. 28. 'llaina, Penaug, and Singapore, via Southampton. Sept. 1. via Marseilles Sept. 12. Falkland lelandB Gibraltar, via Southampton .. Sept. 1. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Sept. 1. via Marseilles Sept, 12. India (Bombay), via Southampton Sept. 10. ---. via Marseilles Sept. 4. Portugal.... Sept. 4. Malta, Egypt, and Men, via Southampton Sept. 1. via Marseilles Sept. 4. Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo ... U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. pac ket .... Sept. 8. by U.S:paeket.... by Canadian packet. Sept. 2. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, 1 A u „, . California. and British Columbia.. Births. BEETT.—On the: 29th ult., at Cheltenham, the wife of Major-General J. T. Brett, Retired List Madras Army, of a son, COWIE. —On the 31st ult., at 21, Stanley-crescent, Ken sington-park, the wife of David Cowie, Esq., of a son. STEWARD.—On the 30th ult., at 10. Earl's-court-gardens, South Kensington, the wife of Francis John Steward, Esq., of a son. Marriages. HlLL—LAwsoic.--On the 30th ult., at Blennerhasset, Cumberland, William Hill, Esq., to Maria, the second daughter of Sir Wilfrid Lawson, Bart., of Brayton, Cumberland. H ol3 7 s —LAwnENcE. On the 30th ult., at Saint James'', Milton, Hants, Henry Hobbs, Eeq., of Havelock•park, Sonthsca, to Frances, second surviving daughter of tho late Henry Lawrence, Esq., of Salisbury. Deaths. BRouN.—On the 29th ult., at The Elms,Woodhay, Berke, Captain Geoige Broun, R.N., aged 70. DRIVER.—On the 30th ult., at Chertsey, Mr. John Driver, aged 63. KNIGHTLEY.--At Pawsley, Northamptonshire, Sir Chas. Knightley, Bart., aged 83. PRIMROSE. —On the 30th ult., at Torquay, the Hon. Mrs. Primrose, widow of the late Hon. F. W. Primrose, bro ther of the Earl of Rosebery. SEARCH.-011 the 30th ult., at Peckham, Henri Search, Esq., aged 53. WEBB —On the 25th inst., at St. John-stroot-road, Clerk. enwell, Mr. Wm. Webb, aged 62. YORKE —On the 16th July, at Jolapoor, Bombay, Henry Eliot Yorke, Royal Bombay Artillery, second son of the Hon. and Ven, Archdeacon Yorke, aged 23. London: Printed and Pi tqfshed by WILLIAM A NDREWS, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SUN Ogice N. 702„ Strand, in the Precinct of the !Savoy. In th e C oun t y o f Xidalekta.. 7 Thuraly, September 1„1364