The Sun. — London, England, 1854-04-03 00:00:00

LONDON and NORTH-WESTERN and MEDLAND RAILWAYS.—CROXTON-PARK RACES. TUESDAY and WEDNESDAY, 4th and sth of April, 1854. Passengers will be booked from LONDON to MELTON and BACK on the a ove days, by the Train leaving Euston Station at 6.0 a.m. Tickets issued for the 4th will be available for returning either the same day or on the sth. FARES FROM LONDON TO MELTON AND DADS. First C1a55...... 28s. 6d. I Second Class • • .... 21s. Od. Omnibuses will leave Melton for Croxton Park on the arrival of the Train, and will leave Croaton Park in returning in time for a Train rota Melton at 6.45 p.m. Fare from Melton to Croxton Park and Back, 55. By Order. Derby, March 27, 1854. • OXFORD, WORCESTER, and WOLVER HAM t•TON R ‘ILWAY.—On and after SATURDAY, the Ist of April, 1854,'Passenors will be booked and conveyed through • out without break of. gauge or change of carriage, between Euston Station; London, ant Stations on the Oxford, Worcester, and Wol verhampton Railway, by the following trains : WEEK DAYS.-DOW!C TRAINS. Express • Ord'fiku'y Express Ist and 2d Ist and 2d Ist and 2d Cla,ss. Class. Cla.s. -- --- P.m. • P.M Leave London .... r.ll. Arrive at Worcester • •• • 1. 0 6.45 8.50 Kiddsrrninster • . 1.38 7.25 9.30 Stourbridge bz dley 2. 5 8. o 10. 0 WEKK. 1) kYB.—Ul' ' 1tA1!.43. Expre•s Ordinal'. Express • Ist and 2d Ist and 2d Ist and 2d Clasi• Class. Class. ----- -- . . AM. P.M. Leave Dudley.. •• •• . • Stournt ige.. .. .. 6.45 10.45 4.55 KLlderminster Noom. Worcester • • ..• • P.M. Arrive at London -.: ' 11.15 5. 0 9.15 ny order. W. T. ADCOCK pIIRSUANT to an Order of the High Court of Chancery, made in a cause, JAMS •WATSON S 4 YTH, plaintiff against JOHN HOLMAN HAY,' defendant, the creditors by mortgage bond or other specialty of.JOHN HOLMAN . HAY, late of 7, Upper SeNmour-street, Portman-square in the county of Middlesex, Esquire, wharf clerk of the Admiralty, (who died in or about the month of November, 1853, are by their solicitors, on or before the first day of May, 1854, to come in and prove their debts at the Chambers of the Vice Chancellor K ndersli y, at No. 15, Old-square, Lincol , 's inn, Middlesex, or in r'efault thereof they Will be peremptorily excluded nom the benefit of the said Order. Friday, the 5 h day of May, 1854, at 12 o'clock at now., at the said Chambers, is appointed for, hearing and adjudicating upon the bittims. Dated this 30th day of March, 1854. CHAS. POOH Chid Clack.- BISCHOFF, COPE. and BOMP AS, 19, Coleman street, Plaintiff's Solicitors. THE ACHILLES INSURANCE COMPANY. Capital, 100,0001. Every description of LIFE ASSURANCE transacted. LOANS to policy holders on liberal terms. Prospc attics on application to chief °Mee, 25, Cannon-sr eet; City. 11. 13. TAPLIN. SSEX.—VALUABLE FREEHOLD and COPY HOLD ESTATE.—To be SOLD. pursuant to an Order of the Court of Chancery, made in the cause of " Candler v. Tillett," "Candler v. Wade," Candler v. Wheelron," and " Wade v. Candler," bearing date the 10th day of March, 1854, with the approbation of the R•ght Hon. the Master of the Rolls, by Messrs. COOK and COOK, auctioneers, of Col heater (the persons appointed by the said Judge for that purptse), by PUtsLIC AUCTION, at the Three Cups Hotel, Colchester, on Friday, April 21. 1851, at One o'clock, for 'two, p.m , precisely, a FREEHOLD and COPYHOLD ESTATE, consisting of a desirable family residence of substantial and handsome structure (of white brick), con taining en ranee spacious breakfast, dining, and dra • in; rooms, bullet's pantry, kitchen, scullery, and ample ceilarage, several principal bedrooms and se , vants' chambers, detached brew-house, coach-hcare, and stalled stabling for four horses. The whole conveniently arranged, and in excellent repair. Plea sure smarm's, and gardens, &c . containing in the whole, 3 acres and 21 perches, or thereabouts, upon a spot peculiarly will chosc n. A former proprietor erected, at an unspared expense, this elegant and substantial residence. It presents a handsome and commanding ele vation, and is pleasantly seated on a lawn, which. with the garden, and ornamental pleasure grounds, is secluded from the high road by a lofty brick wall. It is uistint from the Colchester station of the Eastern Counties Railway about 21f miles, 50 from London, now reached in one hour and a halt. There is also railway 'com m unlcation to Ipswich, Bury St. Edmun 'ii, Norwich, Yarmouth, ace. The line to Harwich (from Ma :ningtree) will be owned during the ensuing summer. Walton-on-t. e Naze is within a plea sant drive of 18 miles, to and from which favourite watering place omnibuses run daily during the summer months ft cm Colchester It also possesses m-ny local advantages. The air is salubrious, the Neighbourhood proverbially healthy, the scenery fine, embracing beautifully diver-Med hill and dal ; on the whole, it Mims some of the most disirabis residential properties of its extent within the county.—Printed particulars and conditions of sale may be had gratis of J. S. Place. Esq.. solicitor, 2, Guildhall-chambers, klasinz hall-street ; Messrs. Wire and Chill, solicitors. 9, at. Swith'n's-lane, London; Messrs. Barnes and Neek, solicitors, Colchester and at the offices of Mi-ssrs. rook, land agents and auctioneers, Colchester, and Stratford Saint Mary. YORKSHIRE ASSOCIATION (in connection With the General Asao iat on, under the patronage of her Majesty the QUEEN, and his Royal Highness Prince ALHER 11, in AID 01 the WIVES and FAMILIES of SOLDIERS ORDERED to the EAST. CAPTAIN ELLIS HI LIST OF DONATIONS $l5 Grace the Arch __ IDG4ON, TREASURER. ALREADY RLCEIVED, Bishop of York Lord Wen!ock The Hon. Edwin I as- .. £5O 0 0 .. 50 0 0 mlth John, Esq., welten X) 5 Stanhope, J. S., Esq. 5 0 rower, Colonel .. 5 0 Wilson. Tho. W., Esq , F lford .. 5 0 Wilson, R. 8., Esq. .. 5 0 woo Jail. t , Esq. .. 5 0 York, Edwd., - Esq. .. 5 0 A Fri,nd,,per F. C. T. _ _ The Lord Bishop of Moon .. 20 0 0 Lord Lonlesborotush 20 0 0 Sir Joseph Radcliffe Bart .. 20 0 0 Richard Bethel], Esq. 20 0 0 Gott John, Esq. 20 0 0 Ya r burgh Yarburgh, Esq. .. 20 0 0 Stamp Brooksbank, Esq. .. 12 0 0 Lord Stourton .. 10 0 0 Baron, George, Esq _lO 0 0 Fox, George Lane, Esq. 10 0 0 Jefferson. the Rev. N 0 0 . Gascoigne, Esq. .. 3 0 Pulleine. Jas., Esq. .. 3 0 ykes, I he Rev. C. .. 3 0 Brook, The Rev. R. • • 2 2 Butterfield, J. M., Esq. 2 2 Cre3ke, rheVen. Arch. 2 2 Grey, 'I he Rcv. Edwd. 2 2 He , The Rev. Canon 2 2 Johnson, Miss, and Younz Ladies • • 2 2 loyd, Mis. I. G • • 2 0 Russell, James, Esq... 2 2 Serrymr, George, t. sq. 2 .2 NIN hyt hedd,ll Y.,Esq. 2 2 Richardso.:, Wm.,E-q. 2 0 I Wood, J. H. Esq. .. 2 0 Barlow, Miss Farny• • 1 1 I Clatk, joseph, Esq .. 1 1 Farrer, It., Lsq. .. 1 1 Harrison, Rev. W. E. 1 1 Lambert, Mr. .. 1 1 P. itchett,j P.,jn.,Esq. 1 1 Pritchett, J. 8., Esq. 1 1 ters, Mr. Thomas .. 1 1 Robinson. Rev. • • 1 1 Sotheran. Alr. Henry 1 1 Sotheran, Mr. Wm. .. 1 1 Whit. head, Wm , Esq. 1 1 Barley, Henry, P-sq... 1 0 Kaye, Lieut sth West York • . 1 0 Kaye, Mrs. Lister .. 1 0 Little, Lieut• Colonel 1 0 Price, Thomas. Esq. 1 0 Pickard, The Itev. - W . L. 1 0 T. H. 1 0 Whitaker, Mrs. .. 1 0 Wilke, S. P., Esq. 1 0 Johnson, Mr. Henry.. 0 10 Anonymous • .. 0 10 Clayton, Wm., Esq... 0 10 Preston, Mr Henry .. 0 10 Sutton, George, Esq., 0 10 I Wickham, Miss .. 0 10 Ingledew, C. J., Esq. 0 5 Travis, T. H , Esq. .. 0 5 two N outtg l i adies 0 5 wo Young Ladies • • 0 5 Young Lady .. 0 2 ition (the Mayor, Treasurer). Crossley, Mr. Councillor .£1 1 Gaukroger. Mr. G. • • 1 1 Green, Mr. Isaac .. 1 1 Flo royd, Mr. Jas. •. 1 1 Hodgson, Mr. T. .. 1 1 Isles, Mr. T. • • .. 1 1 Nicholl, Mr. T. .. 1 1 Rolston, Mr. E. A. • • 1 1 Ramsden, Mr. D. .. 1 1 Sidcbottom, Rev. H.F. 1 1 Walsh, Mr. T. S. .. 1 1 Busfield, Mrs. C. 31... 1 0 Crowther, Mr. Saml. 1 0 li , ilroyd, Mr. Wm. •• 1 0 Hoodley and Pridie Messrs. • • .. 1 0 Prescott, Mrs. Cyril 1 0 Crowther, Mrs. J. .. 0 10 Hill, Mr. Robert .. 0 10 Greeley, Mr. N. • • 0 5 Caron .. 10 0 0 Itutson, William, Esq. 10 0 0 a hompson, H. S., Ertl, Kirby Hall .. 10 0 0 Walker, James, Esq., Sand-Hutton .. 10 0 0 Smyth, Col., M.P., 2d West York Milner. W. M., Esq., 11. P. 5 5 0 Creyke,Major,2d West York 5 5 (1 tarstow, Thomas, Esq., 5 0 0 benison, E.,E5q.,11.P. 5 0 0 Dm &herr, W. D. T., Esq., Skelton .. 5 0 0 Fawkes, I. H, Esq . Parsley 5 0 0 G meolgne,F.C.T.,Esq. 5 GriMston, Col., East York „ .. 5 0 0 Hawkins, Rev. Canon 5 0 0 Hodgson, Capt. Ellis, Skelton Mariand, Chas., Esq. ~Ray, Cunha's, Esq. .. Lloyd. George, Esq Stockton Hsll .. 5 0 0 Lloyd, G. L., Esq., Lingeroft .. 5 0 0 Meek, James, /111banke, Capt. Vane 5 0 0 Outhwaite, Mrs., Pop piston Hall Pease, Jos H., Esq. 50 0 Peres. _B. 8., Esq .. 5 0 0 P ennytnan, Captain . 5 0 0 S altmarshe, P., Esq. • • 5 0 Shunt, G., Esq., M.D, 5 0 0 5 5 0 5 0 0 5 0 0 5 0 0 Prom Halifax Branch Associr n e Mayor of Halifax XS 5 0 A kroyd, Edward, Isq 10 10 0 Crossley, Jno. and Sons 10 10 0 Edwards H., Csq. .. 10 0 0 Edwards, J. P., Esq. 10 0 0 Brown , Wm., Esq... 5 5 0 Xrritnet, Wm., Esq. •• 5 5 0 111 Ine. Messrs. C. and J. 5 5 0 willtle3 • no, Esq. 5 5 0 Zrnmet,Jno Esq. .. 5 0 0 Morris, Wm., Esq. .. 5 0 0 Brown, G. 8., Esq. .. 2 2 9 Ed•wards, Messrs. G. and (1. .. 2 2 0 Farrar, S., Esq. .. 22 0 14 , in grave, Archdeacon 2 2 0 etre H. C., Esq... 2 2 0 Whitworth, J., Esq. .. 2 2 0 W aterhouse, S., Esq. 22 0 Ward, E. M., Esq. 2 2 0 From Huddersfield Br:web Ai Tree: sedation (the Chief Constable, urer). Mallinson,lfessrs.Geo. Brook. Freeman, and Batley .. .. £3 3 0 Crossland, Messrs., and Sons . .. 5 0 0 Lockwod, Thos., Esq. 5 5 0 Starkle, Jos., Esq., .. 5 0 0 From Northallerton Branch As and Sons .. A Friend • • Brook, Mr. J... Floyd, C. 8., Esq. •• Treasi Cot, Rey. Edward .. X 0 5 0 Jefferson, W. J., Esq. 0 5 0 ' _W C E. nn Seville; kiln, Dun m, Havre ;, Queen, Sa lanzanilla ; di, Odessa; tine, Mar nia Caro- Dherbourg. ►hn Bright, Elsinore Antwerp; , Jamaica ; :e ; Thetis,. pencer, for t, Stettin; • ; Edward .:bec ; Twe Dock this an against cutwater, le cargo of lomned at from Per r, for Fal )n and the nel. rt, having on. Shields to nd Island lamaged. tck fast in -crew and and three ttor, from , uth point c— part of .ch 30, iu. n. 22., in at. 42 N., N., long. at. 45 N., N., long, It. 49 N., 19, on the London t. 43 N., Feb. 23, oh 12, in a. 4G N., :!alcutta, ng west, ?.c. 19, iii ch 4, in at. 4(IN, Larch 20, in lat. 48 ra3, Jan. ay, Feb. e day. those of quick• p. Oats market IMAM+. 52s Od 484 6d 42s Od 22S suits 315 sold 266 sold 108 sold price 2s ci down, Barley 3 luwest current [nferior 62s Od 20s 81 35s Od 47s 61 29s Od; Ilbs per barley, l)8 Od to 74s Od, r boll; per lb, to 8d ; )08 Od; Os Oct ; to 12d ; s Od to ), Oa Od urkeys, butter Os Od; 9 price, _ . pork, Os Od ; stone, i Od ; peseed, bakers' )48,0d tion of an ad- Endian -a firm Idency heavy point. 681 ; rpoul, stern, Feld, )over, .. Z 5 0 0 .. 2 0 0 .. 1 1 o 1 1 0 sociation (W. J. Jefferson, Esq., •urcr). _ Fehr, Rev. C. J. .. £0 5 0 w ymvard, Rev. J. • • 010 0 :talon (the Mayor, Treasurer). Bra , lley. C. S., Esq... w 10 0 Cooke, Mr. M. It 0 10 0 Denys, E. S , Esq. .. 010 0 Denys, G W., E-q. • • 010 0 Dusanton, Rev. W. • • 010 0 Thompson, Mr. .. 010 o A arl. Mr. James .. 010 0 Yeoman,., T.L., Esq. 0 10 From Richmond Branch Assoc Bleaborouth, H., Esq. £5 0 0 Hurst, N. E., Esq. .. 2 2 0 Richmond, the Mayor of 2 2 0 011eY. the Rev. L. .. 1 1 0 Pearson, Mr. .. • • 1 Brunton, ta., Esq. 1 0 0 Surtees. N., Es q . 1 0 0 All son, Mr. F. 0 10 0 Bowls, John, E,s q , 0 1 0 From Thirsk Branch A ssoclat on Lord Greenock 0 Bell, t red , Esq. 0 U 0 Cayley, C. J., Esq. 0 0 From Settle Branch Association Birbeck, John, Esq.., £5 0 0 Clapham,ThoMaS,Esq. (to be repeated if needful) • • • • 5 0 a Posters, the Mims • • 5 0 0 Robinson, Win., Esq. (to be repeated if needful) .. • • 25 00 0 lirbeek, Th. - ei.• Esq. Clapham, iss Marla 2 0 Clapham, Rd., Esq. • • 2 0 0 Poster, J. W., EN. (to be repeated if needful) 2 0 0 Lund, Miss 2 0 0 Atkinson, Miss • .. 10 0 Blrbeck, Joseph, Esq.: 1 0 0 Butterton, Rev. Dr. .. 1 0 0 Clayton, Miss .. 1 0 0 Coulthard. Rev. W. H. 1 0 0 aeldard, Mrs. .. 10 0 1 From am Se e l s by Branch Association (James Audue, Treasurer). A u The following Yorkshire l N s ob s lemen W at:d uid' GeEndilwem"eEnsghay.e. paid s t s heir o Subscriptions in London : His Grace the Duke of Leeds • • • • £lO 10 0 • • The E. • 2 0 0 Sir M axwell well Wallace, Leeds £2l 0 0 r Ea rl of Effingham 10 0 0 Colonel Norcliffa • ±.1040: d jo l r s e . v c er o s , la ie a y m , 50 0 0 Mrs. Heutinck •• 15 0 0 Bart. 50 0 0 L (A. trrnitage, Esq., Treasurer). IRiley, J.. Esq. ••Xi 0 0 Rhodes, Win , Esq... 1 0 0 Sandars, Major • • 1 0 0 (W. Robinson, Esq , Treasurer). Geldard, C. 1., Esq. • • £1 0 0 Geldard, Robt., Esq 1 0 0 Harrison, Mr. 1 0 0 Inaleoy. Robt., Esq. 1 0 0 Inaie.‘y, c., Esq. 1 0 0 Perfect, Mr:. 1 0 0 Pierson, the Rev. W. 1 0 0 Red ioayne Thos., Esq. 1 0 0 Robinson, Nils, 1 0 0 Stackh onse,Anty.,Esq, 1 0 0 Wilkinson, Win.. Esq. 1 0 0 Willis, Mr. Jno. I. 1 0 0 Bras Shaw, Thos., Esq. 010 0 t end •• 0 10 0 s-nderion, Mrs. • • 010 0 De'ghton, virs 0 5 0 Jackson, Mrs Matth. 0 5 0 fiat d~slep , Mr. J. 0 5 0 A Friend • • 0 2 6 THIRD EDITION.—WITH ADDITIONS. A 6d. J ust Published, Bvo., in cloth, price 55., by post free. vs. • O N TRUE & FALSE SPERMATORRH(EA, With the View to the Correction of wide-s Errors In relati on wi to the Treatmeat and Cure of the Impuissant pread and Sexual Il YP o chonlriacs, , Translated from the German of Dr. PICRFORD. Wui cl , is added, an ESSAY on SEXUAL DEBILITY, by the Editor. "Dr. Plckford ts known to English readers by his frequent practi cal to German medical literature. This is the first r!. 1 0. he informs as, that he has addressed himself to the non-medi ,Aerreaedgeurai. ly W n e trust this may not be the last, if he shall Adept any agrant evil which it may be in his sower to correct: . - 17 .1, London Medical Gazette. May3o, 1851. The tribe of 'Quiet Sympa ,fs.ers:and ' Medical Fri ends,'are mercilessly exposed ; audit this book ;1•Ild find its way into the hands of those who suffer from the corn be pnt of which it treats, we are satisfied that many hundreds would Zaved much needless suffering of body and mind, and what is of el i i mPortance s though it is that which the quacks most hiprim-- ......s volume is well qualified to ut an end to the razlrical system of t T reating Sp rmatorrhcea, and to place the treat liattl3o n a more ratio na l and physiological basis. It is, therefore. W d 0 much goodP—Medical Circular, June 16, 1852, UN= R. 7341111 alt o Reillatitact. • ON THE PHILOSOPHY OF MARRIAGE, AND THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH, MANHOOD, AND OLD AGE. Just Published, 60th Edition, price 2s. 6d.. or free by post for forty- two stamps, SELF-PRESERVATI ON a *....7 Popular Treatise on the Physiology and Functions of Mar riage, with its Disqualifications and Impedipients, tracing their origin to the effects of solitary habits, youtfiml excess, tropical climates, or doss study ; followed by practical remarks, founded on twenty years' eaperb'nce in the treatment of Impuissance, Nervous Debility, Local Weakness, Spermatorrho3a, and all diseases of the Urinary and Generative System. Illustrated by 50 coloured Engrav ings, on the Anatomy of the Reproductive Organs and their relative conditions in Health and Disease. ity SAMUEL LA'MERT. M.D. 87 , BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON , Doctor of Medicine, Matriculated Member of the University of Edin burgh, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medic:al Society, Licentiate or Apothecaries' Hall, London, Etc., &c. The essential object of this treatise is to point out the fearful con sequences resulting from certain habits, irregularities and excesses, which have produced more misery in Youth, degradation in Man hood, and premature decay at all stages of Life, than, perhaps, any other class of disease known to modern pathologists. Its Perim his particularly recommended to persons entertaining secret doubts of their physical condition, and who are conscious of having hazarded the happiness, and privileges to which every human being is entitled. Et is absolutely health, necessary that all men should know, that there are principles of personal management which cannot be violated without incurr ing grievous penalties, and w h en wisdom and regret succee d the how the sting o f th e i r bitterness may be remove d , and its con- equen e es may be avoided, and above all, god dy howhttbet heyday of of inconsiderate s e lf-i ndulgence, how these penalt i es in ise evil li and Itsooo.efluenc es u be avoided, and above all, that there is scarce any degree of physical infirmity or functional derangement to which the timely aid of science cannot apply a cure. The Author has for a series of years been engaged in an extensive too g ly conftded to the care of ignorant practice in the treatmen tsalthese delicate complaints, which are great injury on those who are induced to place SELINPRESERVA.TION m Y . price 2s 6d, in English, c. a nan, or Germ French, Spanish, Dutch, ~, . an, of Messrs. Piper, address from the Author ' s rosi er a i l t Po h ir tr 1 1 in s ': heir wtelhyo pretensions.inflictteen a be had Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Mann,39. c 3 r a hL ; starie, Titchhorrie-street, TT - .annarket ; or free Brothers and Co. 23, paternoster-row, b d Y e n c po s t e , Eleven till At home for consultation daily from T wo, eza from rfo,rßfoadrtfyar-taw.aoqustaarma.ps, to any Sic till Eight. AU lettere suit =WI the fee of lb, No. 19,195.] THE FOURTH VOLUME 78 Now READY, Price 7s. 6d. bound, wd.h Dortrait.i and other .11uFqratIonS, of the fIHEAP EDITION of LIVES of the QUEENS E N GL AND. By AGNES STRICKLAND. Compr;sing the Life of QUEEN ELIZABETII. Published for Henry Colburn, by his successors, Hurst and Blaekett, 3, Great Marlborough-street. THE AUTHOR OF "THE MARVELS OF SCIENCE." On Thursday, In 3 vols., with Illustrations on Steel, by LEECH. THE GREAT HIGHWAY. A S:ory pf the. World's Stru;gles. By S. W. FULLOM, Author of the " Marvels of Science." " There are more things in heaven and earth Then are dreamt of to your philosophy," London : Longman and Co. NEW HISTORICAL ROM ft.NCE BY THE AUTHOR OF " WHITEFRI UK" , In a few days wilbe ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., V lESTMINSTER ABBEY ; Or, The Days of 'V the getoriu'Alon. In 3 vols. By the Author of " Whitefriars." London John Mortimer, 141, Strand, Just published. GOG and MAGOG ; Oar, The Doom of Russia in the Coming Struggle, as Pourtrayed in the Prophetic Scriptures. _ . Price Sixpence. By ANAEL. THE BLACK SEA. (IHE FOURTH EDITION of MR. OLIPHANT'S RUSSIAN SHORES of the BLACK SEA is now published. In octavo, with 34 Engravings on Wood. an enlarged Map of the Crimea, and Map of the Author's Route, price 14s. William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London. R OYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. PATRON—H.R.H. PRINCE ALBERT. DURING LENT, a POPULAR LECTURE on ASTRONOMY, IDLY ILLUSTRATED, by Dr. BACRROFFNER, on Wel d l riday at three, and at eight o'clock in the evenings. D PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES, and a NEW SERIES , LVING VIEWS. by J. H. PEPPER, Esq., on PAPER MAKING and Its ,TION with COLOURS. by Dr. BACHOPENER on WILKINS'S NEW PATENT .NAL •ELECTIZIO. TELEGRAPH 'ION of RUST'S PATENT TUBULAR PIANOFORTE, "RN:STRAWS PATENT METHOD of RAISING I VESSELS. 'niocs and Evenings. Admission, is.; Schools and ler Ten years of age, Half-price. London: Piper, Stephensod, and Spence, 23, Paternoster- ow. DURING L SPLENDI nesday anc DEBILITY, NERVOUSNEF , s, &;e:,„ MAGNIFIE Just published, price ~ - iee. by post, 5 of DISAOL PHYSIOLOGICAL • • .EARCHES , LECTUR RAIE I DECO Causes of Nervous Debility . Gen; to-Urinary :CTURE I Spermatorrhces rationally conside : -.L . ianswerabb , Remarks; UN[VEL on the empirical manner these Dise - . ', • ated ; being a Guide DESCRIPTI to Health, Long Life, and 1 - I.ppines - . • ~,.. ,' and of T] By MEDIt _, _ .. - SUNKEN - Sherwood, riper, and Co., 83, 'atesfroster-row. Open Mori Children and, BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE, for APRIL. No. CCCCLXII. Price 2s. 6d. CONTENTS. The Commercial Results of a War with Russia. The Puppets of all Nati•ms. The Quiet Heart. Part V. Chrono ogical Curiosities: What shall we Collect? The Refo m Bilis of 1852 and 1854. The Blue Books and the Eastern Question. Life in the Sahara. The Cost of the Coalition Ministry. William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London. THE STRATEGY OF THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON'S CAtI PAIGN'S EXPLAINED IN GENERAL SIR WILLIAM NAPIER'S HISTORY of the WAR in SPAIN and PORTUGAL. With 55 maps and Plans. Ccmplete in Six Vols., post Bvo., now reduced to 3/ Few Volemes to complete sets of the former edition remaining for sale, early application is necesiary. T. and W. Boone, 29, New Mond-street. Oliver and ttoyd, Edinburgh. TRIESEMAR, protected by Royal Letters Patent of England, and ee,ured by the Seals of the Ecole de Pharmacie de Paris, and the Imperial College of Medicine, Vienna. TRIESERAR, No. 1, Is a remedy for Relaxation, Spermatorrlicea, and Exhaustion of the z;ystem. TRIESEM XR, No. 2, effectually, in the short space of three days, completely and entirely eradicates all traces of those Disorders which Capivi and Cubebs have so long been thought an antidote for, to the ruin of the health of a vast portion of the population. TRIG izE AR, No. 3, is the great Continental Remedy for that class of Disorders, which unfortunately the English phy.ic an treat. with Mercury, to the in evitable destructim of the patient's constitution, and which all the sarsaparilla in the world cannot remove. . _ . TRIE- EINIA.H, No. 1, 2. and 3, are alike devoid of taste or smell, and of all nauseating qualities. Tlhy may lie on the toilet table without their us , being suspected. Sold in tin cases at Its. each, free by post, 2s. extra, divided into separate doses, as administered by Valpeau, Lailemand. Roux, Ste., &c.—To be had Wholesale and Retail in London of Johnston, 68, Cornhill ; Hannay and Co., 63, Oxford-street; and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street. SPRING AND SUMMER NOVELTIES.- It is a well known fact that E MosEs and Sons provide in the 'host magailflcent manner fia - every season, but for the APRING and Eit of the present year theft success is more than ever Parent ; their novelties in each class of att re are particularly calcu lated to arrest the attention of all their patrons and the , untie, and the inimitable plans of business they pursue ensure the most Fahion able Styles, the most raceful tit, the most artistic cut, and the most accomplished workmanship, though they viii always continue to make the most econo:nical charges in the order or ready-made de partments. The Sprin; and Summer Novelties now displayed by E. Moses and Sox combine the most elegant materials alai the most stylish articles in every description ,f attire. A classification of designers, cutters, and workmen in the gig int ic establishment of E. MOSES and -ON prod ., ces a co Dpleteness and finish wh:ch is not witnessed in dress made by others, and the opp otunity of selecting from the lar est, newest. and best stock in the world, at a more economi al cost than on any previous occasion, is an advantage only to be pos sessed at the e•tablishment of E. MOSES and SON and its branches as nnderment oned. Spring and Summer Novelties in Hats, Caps. Hosiery, Ladies'and Children's Dresses, Boots and Shoet, &e , are presented in variety, excellence, and cheapness entirely unparalleled. Emigrants are furnished with the most suitable and the cheapest outfits for any voyage or climate, full lists of which may be had on application, or po t tree E. Moms and Sows Whole.ale Clothing, Shirt, and Boot and Shoe Departments furnish the must suitable goods for the markets abroad or the home trade, and their very economical prices are a sure source of profit. CAUTION.—E. MOSES and, SON regret having .to guard the .üblie against imposition, having learned that the untfadesman-like f ilsehood of " Being connected with heir Establishment," or " It's he same concern," has been resorted to In many instances, and for mvlous reasons, they beg to state that they have No CONNEXION WITH ANT OTHER HOME IN OItOITT OF LONDON, except their own Establishments. as follows : London City Eitablishment, 154, 155. 156, and 157, Minories, 84 85, and 86, Aldgate, opposite the Charch, all communicating. London West-end Branch, 506,507, 508, New Oxford-street, 1,2, and 3, Hart-street, all communicating. Bradford (Yorkshire) Branch, 19 and 20, Bridge-street. Sheffield Branch, 36, rargate. Colonial Branch; lki , lbou;ne, Australia. Merchant Tatlo. Clothiers, flatters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boot and Shoe Rakers, and General Outfitters for Ladles and Gentlemen. IMPORTANT.—ShouId any article not give satisfaction, it will be exchanged if desired, or, if preferred, the money will be returned without hesitation. All goods are marked in plain figures, the lowest irice, trom which no abatement can be made. The Establishments are closed from sunset on Fridays to sunset on gaturdays, whets business is resumed till 12 o'clock. k new Book, with illustrations, entitled" The Echo of Public Opi nion," contend ,g full lists of prices, our system of self•measure ment, &c.. &c., nriy be had on application, or post-free. A handsome Almanac for the year ending 1854 can be had, gratis, on application. Tel l'on parle Francais. Hier srricht man Deutsch. Qui'al parla Italian°. Aqua se habla Espano. ON THE SECRET CAUSES OF SELF-ACQUIRED MISERIES AND DISAPPOINTEI) HOPES. THE SILENT FRIEND. In Six Languaxes—Fiftieth Edition. CONTAINING THE REMEDY FOR PREVENTION OF DISEASE. illustrated by One Hundred Anatomical Coloured Engravings Mid Cases. NTCST Edition, enlarged to 200 pages, price 2s. 6d., by post. from the - . . Establishment, 3s. 6d. in stamps, • F HE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on the exhaustion and physical decay of the system, produced by .xcessive indulgence, the consequences of infection, or the abuse of mercury, with directions for the use of the preventive lotion, fol owed by observations on Marriage, and the disqualifications which orevent it. Illustrated by 100 Coloured Engravings. By It. and L. PERRY and CO.. Consulting Surgeons, 19, Ilerners-street, Oxford street, London. Published by Sherwood and Co., 23, Paternoster -ow, and sold by Hannay, 63, and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street; Gor ton, 146, Leadenhall-street ; 95, Farriudon-street ; W. Sutton, 10, 'ow Church-yard; Batter, 4, Cheapside ; It Johnson, 68, Cornhill. Pear I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the reproductive organs, and is illustrated by 28 Coloured Engravings. PART 11. treats of the consequences resulting from excessive in iulgence, and their lamentable effects on the' system, producing mental and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative incapacity. Illustrated by 10 Explanatory Engravings. Pear 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in the primary or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for their treatment. This section is illustrated by 62 Coloured Engrav ings. PART IV. cintains a Remedy for the Prevention of Disease by a simple application, by which the danger of infection is obviated. Pear V. 15 devoted to the consideration of marriage and its duties. The causes of unproductive union are also considered, and the whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into. THE rOtt DIAL BAL NI OF , YRI 1.0 UM is exclusively employed In treating nervous and sexual debility, impotence, fee., 11s. and 31s. per bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an anti-syphilitie remedy. for purifying the blood in cases of infection, secondary symptoms, eruptions, and the abuse of mercury, 1 Is. and 335. per bottle. Perry's Purifying Specific Pills, 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d., and 1 Is. per box, a certain remedc for gonorrhoea, gleet, stricture, and chronic inflammation of the bladder. Consultation' tee, if by letter, U. A minute detail of the case is required : age, habits, and posi tion in society. Si. Packets, with advice, to be had at the Establish ment only, by which the fee, 11., is saved. Messrs. Perry, Surgeons, are in attendance, daily, at 19, Berners-street, Oxford-street, Lon don, from Eleven till Two. and Five to Eight: on Sunday from Floven In One. -,e,:,,(74 2 .4 , ,~f/l c*-Fevs, ''' '' .. . tl , , .. A • s 'Wr . 4 air /./2 ~ ~;14 % 1.., !•,,- ; ,1 ~ . 914** ) ,4 4 .0. * . ; , t , „ , „,...: (----/-,. ... 'i: ~ , ...,- - ;, ••„.&..., . ~,,,„ :1- 0 ' '•' 6 : • 91. 6 : ;7:70 ..- • A1x, ,,, ,- , r y e , ',...,,,,,. / - : 7 I - •P ' - '9 „, ,• • t '74l - , ‘ 5. :4 14 ' . .V- .- ;1: , . N ( r.: , -- .., ... ~ .n.iL -‘ ~...% . VI f -r ';' - . L;.-. 1 2 ,: , .P,,•,, ''''. - ° 'sue,. s , - 4 '4, - A:(45 . ,: i :,.-p,, ) 4 1 ,, "--:7,,.;,-' (,r..,_i;t-,;k,, ..„,,, ~,.....„) /isw k i, - I e j ( /''' .4*‘ ' - " % , 7 ' - ' - i ''? '• ' ,-; 1 '' ' 1 7 1, .'ii. ~,.. ~-;.- .Ist /P ,44 3 ,. i - , , „,,, , -...-4.4- - ,tt - . ,„--. 4 *,Y :I ^ o . ' ~4 -- 1, 1, 4 :?, r .,, - .. ~.,,,,,, v '1. 4-3,iik - - , • •--r, ----- it--7,tir 4' 7 ,, 4 , ii .111);.;t6 .5 ‘"''' T're, „, - , -- :-.--..a , Orie l tk;T:k.. -v.ik l . 1D r y - 1 c ~,... ~...x. 4. / ,,,,.. ..,6,, r 4 S 4 e :,.... , .. ,, t7 ,- - - - --4 ( or er , ..;•-,- 17 - - - • ---\,;CS ' . . . It .....______,/----, - , . kf: l › , ~ 1 11 0. N, • .../' - \_. 'N. .--\. \'' + A'ZZK-c LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 3, 1854. HE SEVENTEENTH PUBLIC DRAWING. The C ,NSERVATIVE LAND SOCIETY.—At the Officeg, 33, Norfolk-street, Strand, at 12 o'clock, on SATURDAY, the Bth of April, the 17th panic drawing, to regulate the order of rotation, fcr choice of lots on the :society's Estates in various counties, wilttake place. Shares taken up to the time of drawing will be included to the advantages thereof. , 1 embers haling uncompleted share 4, and shareholders with shares numbered under 1,000, which will be soon entitled to be placed on the Order of Rights by seniority, are re (pleated to refer to their pass-books, to ascertain that their subscrip tions be not in arrear on the Sth 'of April. CHARLES f,EIVI3 G RUNE ISE N, Secretary. VINGINEERS', MASONIC, and UNIVERSAL MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY: 345, t,trand, London'. WAR RISKS ON AN ENTIRELY NEW PRINCIPLE. ANNUITAM'S ADMITTED TO A SHARE IN THE PROFITS. NO charge for Policy Stamps. Credit given for half the premiums. • -•- —• Assignments and Transten td Policies Registered Free of Charge. Premiums payable baif-yearly, quartetly, or monthly. A Liberal Commission allowed to Solicitors and Agents on the Introduction of business. ANTHONY PECK, 111. A., Actuary and Secretary. JAURENT'S CASINO ARGYLE ROOMS, A (Lessee, CHAS. C. LAURENT, Onslow-house, Fmaarn-road), -- The above Rooms and now OPEN FOR TH E SEASON. en. will continue open every evening, with L /WREN T's. CELEBRATED RAND. Two Quadrilles on subjects of s,ieyerbeer's Opera—L'l tells du Nord; a'so, by H. Lalrent, the following Waltz?s La belle Fra ,g i,se, Leonora, Vi Innis and his Dinah; and L'Etoile du Nord Polka. Admission, I. Doors open at half-past 8. Dancing to commence at 9 o'clock, and ter idnate at half-past pIIRS SELL' S. —BALL SUPPERS and WENDING BREAKFASTS SUPPLIED in the first style; public breakfasts, dinners, and promenade suppers supplied by con tract; a lar.;e stock of bride cakes for immediate use, from one to twenty guineas each ; a handsome cake for five guineas, packed and sent to any part of the country ifrequired, and warranted to keep 12 months.—JouN R. PunssELL, 162, Regent-street, and 20, Ludgate bill, only. rrH E CH•OLER A!!! Prevented by the destruction of all noxious effluvia. CREWS'S DISINFECTING FLUID. THE CHEAPEST AND STRONGEST CHLORIDE OF ZINC. Quarts, 25.; Pints, Is. ; Neff-pints, 6d. Sold by all Chemists, Druggists, and Shipping Agents, and at Commercial Wharf, Dille End, London. ALLSOPP'S PALE or BITTER ALE.— Messr3. S. ALLSOPP and SONS beg to inform the T.ftADE that they are now registering orders for the March Brewings of their PALE ALE, In Casks of 18 Gallons and upwards, at the Brewery, Burton-on-Trent; and at the undermentioned Branch Establishments:— LONDON, at GI, King William-street, City; LIVERPOOL, at Cook-street; MANCHESTER, at Dude-place; DUDLEY, at the Burnt Tree; GLASGOW, at 115, St. Vincent street; DUBLIN. at 1. Crampton-quay ; BIRMINGHAM, at Market Rail; SOUTH WALES, at 13, King-street, Bristol. Messrs. ALLSOPP and S@NS take the opportunity of announcing to Private Families that their Ales, so strongly recommended by the medical profession, may b% procured in Draught and itottes Genuine from all the most respectable Licensed Victuallers, on "ALL iOPPS PALE ALE" being specially asked for. When in bottle, the genuineness of the label can be ascertained by its having "ALLSOPP and SONS" written across it. TILE BALTIC AND ITS RUSSIAN NAVAL PORTS. Now that Admiral Sir Charles Napier is with the British fleet in the Baltic, it may be interesting to know a few particulars relative to the plaCes which may, sooner or later, become the points to which its hostile attention may be turned. We have therefore collected and com piled from the authorities a few particulars respecting the Baltic Sea, the island of Gothla,nd and the Russian ports of Cronstadt, Helsingfors and Revel, at each of which a naval fleet, or division of a fleet, is now in har bour, and it is believed will be released from the ice, about the present time. and it abounds likewise with rocks and shelves, which render its navigation extremely hazardous. More than 250 streams flow into the Baltic. During winter navi gation is closed ; and as that season approaches the weather becomes tempestuous. Revel, Baltic-port, Hapsal, Pernau, and Arensburg are shut up by the ice in November or December ; and are generally open in February or March. Riga is blocked up in October or November, and opens either in March or April. Narva, Cronstadt, and Frederickshamm, shut in October or November, and open in April ; but at Pe tersburg the ice frequently continues firm till May. The coast is rocky and dangerous, and all the Russian ports, except Revel, are inconvenient and unsafe for loading and landing goods. THE WAR IN TEE EAST. CONSTANTINOPLE.-- This city, the capital of the Turkish empire, stands upon seven hills, which gi ves it the aspect of the largest city in the world. It is built in a triangular form at the extremity of the Bosphorus, where it joins the sea of Marmora. There is a treble line of walls round the city, of about eight miles in cir cumference, flanked by a double roar of houses. Con stantinople contains 12 imperial mosques, 350 ordinary mosques, 30 markets, more than 300 fountains, and 100,000 houses. The population is about 600,000. The imperial residence may be said to form a 'city within a city, the walls being three'miles in circumference, with 12 gates, and the number of the residents is between 6000 and 7000. The marine arsenal is a.fine establish ment, built upon the northern bank of the harbour. The naval arsenal is near the quay, close to which the Turk ish men of war are moored. A large and magnificent barrack for sailors is built near the dockyard, in which are large basins for the repair of ships. At Tophana is the barack for the cannoneers, and at Scutari, on the opposite or Asiatic coast ; is nn extensive pile of barracks capable of accommodating 10,000 troops. The harbour, or Golden Horn, of Constantinople, is a quiet a n d s a fe anchorage of the length of 4,000 fathoms, and the breadth of 3,000 fathoms. Its depth is so great that the largest ships of the line approaching the two banks can almost touch the houses. The city is surrounded by a girdle of natural fortifications, and her position enables her to become the first naval and military point in tbe,world. Two sides of the triangular promontory on which she stands are washed by deep waters, and she is assailable on one side only. THE BOSPHORUS.—This is the narrow canal which connects the Blaclz Sea with the Sea of Marmora, and through which the rapid current continually flows out ward through the Dardanelles ; its average breadth is from half a mile to two miles, and it flows between two chains of parallel hills. The stream is fifteen to twenty fathoms (120 feet) deep, without any shallows, and there are some excellent harbours on either side of the stream, particularly at Buyukdere, which would serve as an anchorage for a large fleet. The canal is defended near its opening into the Black Sea by two castles, called the . Queens of Europe and Asia ; they are each mounted with 34 heavy guns, and command the entrance to the straits, which are about 25 miles in length to their western or Constantinople termination. Where the canal begins to narrow itself at a short distance from the castles we have mentioned, two new castles were con structed by the Baron de Sott ; they are only a thousand yards distance from each other, across a strait, and by their position they can command any vessel. At nearly equal distances along either shore are other batteries in termixed with the old castles of the canal. Some of them are en flute, others at an elevation of ten or twelve yards, and towards the Bnyukdere roads several prin cipal batteries have recently been erected to prevent a hostile squadron anchoring there, provided they could pass the defensive works of the Black Sea. Most of the batteries are supplied with mortars for firing red hot balls and other shot, and some of the guns are of enor mous calibre for throwing stone or marble shot. It has been said that if properly defended, these fortifications would defy all the fleets in the world. The length of the Bosphorus is about twenty miles, and its currents are very remarkable, one running directly contrary to the other ; one of these is found at some depth below the other, and on this account the navigation is extremely difficult. THE BLACK SEA.—The Euxine measures almost 720 miles in its greatest length from the coast of Roumelia to the mouth of the Phasis, and nearly 400 in breadth from Odessa to Cape Bata. It is generally enveloped in dense fogs, which cause the navigation to be very dan gerous ; and it is singular that although nine large and thirty small rivers discharge themselves into the Black Sea, its only known outlet is through the Bosphorus. It is conjectured that there must be some subterranean outlet for the vast body of water that feeds the Euxine, the strait by which it is apparently emptied being only equal to one of the four mouths of the Danube. After leaving the Bosphorus, and proceeding westward, the Sea of Marmora is reached, which is about 120 miles long, and thirty or forty broad. THE DARDANELLIS.—At the other extremity of the sea of Marmora, and leading into the Mediterranean, is the celebrated passage called the Dardanelles. The strait is about 50 miles in length, and from one to four miles in breadth. It is, of course, the key of Constan tinople and the Bosphorus as regards Western Europe, and is consequently strongly fortified. It was over this strait, at Abydos, that the vast armies of Xerxes passed to invade Europe, on a bridge of boats, and it also formed the bridge over which the Turkish armies poured their numerous hordes from Asia into the west. The story of Hero and Leander has also given an enduring celebrity to the strait of the Hellespont. The western entrance, which is nearly five miles broad, is defended by two castles, built upwards of two centuries ago, ono on the European and the other on the Asiatic side, and called respectively the old castles of Europe and Asia. The latter stands upon flat ground, near the side of ancient Troy. One of these castles mounts 80 and the other 74 guns. The batteries are of enormous strength, awl mounted with immense guns, carrying stone or marble'shot, which, if properly directed, must sink any vessel attempting to force a passage. In 1807 Sir John Duckivorth, in command of a British naval force, hav ing failed in inducing the Porte to come to terms, al though he threatened to attack the city of Constanti nople, finding the Turks making very extensive prepa rations, set sail for the Dardanelles, amidst the shouts and rejoicings of the Musselmans. They met with a warm reception from the batteries of the castles, which fired upon them immense balls of granite and marble. One of them, weighing 8001bs., cut the mainmast of the Windsor Castle, first-rate man of war, in two and it was with great difficulty and exertion that the ship was saved from destruction. Another struck the Standard, 74 gun ship, penetrated her poop, and carried away everything before it. The shock was so great against the mainmast as to shiver it in pieces —it fired some powder barrels, which blew up with a tremendous ex plosion, destroying portions of the upper deck and up wards of 60 men. All the corvettes were lost. In ad dition to the old castles there are also the new castles of the Dardanelles, and along the whole entrance of the strait on either side, for a distance of 10 or 12 miles, there are a series of batteries and forts mounting heavy guns, mortars, and stone shot, up to the castle of Sul tanieh Kalessi, which mounts 100 heavy guns in two tiers. Such are the defences of Constantinople on the European side. THE DANUBE.—This may be called the prince of European rivers, as, with one exception—the Volga—it is the largest in Europe. Its length is between 1,500 And 1,700 miles, and carries off the waters of nearly 250,000 square miles of country. At about 100 miles from its source it begins to be navigable ; at Vienna it flows in a broad channel, and there forms an immense number of islands. Between Buda and Belgrade the Danube is so broad and deep that men of war can navi gate the stream, and here naval engagements have taken place between the Christians and the Turks. Between Giurgevo and Rustchuk on the opposite bank it is two miles broad. At the fortress of New Orsova, near its entrance into Wallachia, is the Iron Gate, so called from the high and precipitous banks within which the stream is confined. Twenty miles lower down are the ruins of Trajan's Bridge. This was formerly a most magnificent structure. It was GO feet broad, and con tained 20 arches, of 170 feet tVan each, at a height of 150 feet above the level of the strum. It was destroyed by Adrian, Trajan's successor ' lest the barbarians in the north should, by means of it, facilitate their progress to the Roman provinces in the south of the stream. About 30 miles above Ismail, near the mouth of the Danube, was another bridge, over which Hystaspes pursu e d th e flying Scythians, ut all vestiges of this have also dis appeared. The whole line of the Danube, from Servia to its mouth, now bristles with forts and fortresses, all of which have been recently put into a state of efficiency while many new ones have been added. THE GULF OF FINLAND. Its length is ,7,3 leagues. Its breadth varies from 4to 20 leagues ; its depth from 50 to 60 fathoms, in mid channel ; in the bay of Cronstadt, its eastern extremity, it is only 2 fathoms. Its currents vary with the wind. It contains numerous small islands, the principal of which are Dago, at its southern entrance; and Kotlin isle, on which Cronstadt stands. GOT/11/AND, called by the Swedes Gottland (1;e: Goodland), and not Gotaland (i.e. land of the Goths), is an island in the Baltic, extending More than 70 miles in length from S. to N. ; and is about 22 miles across where widest. Its surface is computed.to be 1,118 (or 1,126 British) square miles, or somewhat less than Gloucestershire ; and its population in 1846 was 41,575. The coasts are low and generally unbroken ; one-fifth of the island is under cultivation, chiefly producing rye and barley; it has also considerable hop plantations, and the climate is rather mild for so high a latitude. Wisby, the capital, and the seat of a bishop, is situated on the western coast. and has a population of about 4,000 inhabitants. About 15 miles south of it is lilintelaamn, a good harbour, whence, on certain days, a post-boat goes to the island of Oland. On the west side, and on the east, it has har bours with depth. of water for steam war-vessels. The island is hilly on the coast, but level in the interior. Mr. Robert Chambers recommends this island as a settle ment for British agriculturists. He says :—" Situated in the midst of the Baltic, extending between the 57th and 58th parallels,—the latitude of Abderdeenshire— and being one mass of limestone, nowhere rising above 180 feet above the sea, it presents a fine soil and elimate, as is expressively enough shown by the fact that the grape, walnut, and mulberry ripen in favourable sea sons, and that horses and sheep remain abroad all win ter." Mr. Laing remarks that " from its geographical position, it is a padlock upon the gulfs of Finland and Bothnia, which, in the hands of an effective power, could lock up the Russian navy as in a pond, and secure the free navigation of the Baltic." ORONSTADT, a town, fortress, and port in the Government of St. Petersburg, from which city it is 47 versts, or about 31 miles distant ; it is built at the S.E. extremity of Kot lin, an island in that part of the gulf of Finland, called the bay of Cronstadt, about 16 miles from the mouth of the Neva, on which river is situated St. Petersburg, the capi tal of the Emperor of Russia. This island, a bed of chalk, formerly called Retouzari by the Finlanders, is 7 miles in length and about one mile in breadth. At the en trance of the harbour, on an island opposite the citadel, lies the castle or fortress of Kronchlott, built by Peter the Great. This fortress and the mole bristle with guns, and the harbour itself is approachable only by one chan nel, which is fortified with a double line of guns ; these works constituting Cronstadt "the Malta of the Baltic." The passage between this place and Cronstadt is 2,000 paces in width, and has ample depth for the largest ves sels. Besides its importance as the great naval station of the Russian fleet, Cronstadt is the harbour of St. Petersburg. All vessels proceeding to that port are searched here, and their cargoes sealed, and such as are too large for the shallow waters of the upper Neva un load their cargoes at Cronstadt, and transport them in smaller craft. The channel is marked by stakes the whole way, and vessels built at Petersburg are placed on a " camel " or kind of raft, by which their draught of water is lessened one-half, and then floated down the Neva, and over its bar, on which there is often only seven feet water. Cronstadt, which is built in the form of an irregular triangle, is strongly fortified on all sides. It has three harbours, , lying to the south of the town. The outer, or military harbour, which is entirely surrounded by a massive and strongly fortified mole, is a rectangle, stretching out into the s ea, and is capable of containing, besides smaller vessels, above 35 ships of the line. It is now, however, so shallow at low water, that many of the ships are obliged to am:her in the middle harbour, which is intended for the fitting-out and re pairing of vessels. It contains the slips, a powder ma gazine, a manufactory of pitch, tar, Ste. The third, west, or innermost harbour, which has space for 600 merchant vessels, and runs parallel with the middle har bour, admits only merchantmen, for valich there is besides an excellent 'roadstead, immediately o utside of the port, which is defended also by the citade 1, constructed on a rock in the middle of the sea of Kronstadt. All these harbours are well secured, but in consequence of the freshness of the sea water, no vessel can be preserved in them above 20 years. They are. besides detained a great part of the year by the ice in the bay of Kronstadt, which prevents vessels from entering after the end of November, or leaving before the end of April, or some- times even later. - In 1849, the sea son commenced on the 15th May, and ended on the 26;th November. At the beginning of that year there were 37 sailing vessels in the port which had wintered them. Vessels are re paired and built in the large canal of Peter the Great, which runs directly into the town between the middle and merchants' harbour. It is 2,160 feet long, 56 wide, and 16 deep ; the side abutments, &e. , are of solid masonry, and it is filled with wa ter by means o f sluices; which is again pumped out by steam engines. It was commenced in 1721, and finished by Elizabeth, daughter of Peter the Great. Near it are the various docks, in which 10 ships can be repaired at once; the foundry which supplies annually 1,200 tons of bombs, balls, &c. ; the admiralty rope-work, tar-works, and ex cellent wet docks. By the new Catherine canal, com. menced in 1782, which communicates with the mer chants' port, and is 1,800 fathoms long, Government vessels are enabled to take their stores, munition, &e., directly from the storehouses, • The town is very regu larly built, and contains many fine, straight, and well paved streets, and several public squares. The houses, however, with the exception of thoso belonging to the Government, are chiefly of one storey, and built of wood. The city has three gates, and is divided into two parts, the commandant and admiralty quarters, which are sub dividedinctoanfaolus is rdthisetriolcdtsitalßiaen palace, tweent built by Princ e Peter's a n d Catherine Menschikoff, who took this island from the Swedes in 1703. It is at present occupied by the school for pilots, a large establishment, where 300 pupils are educated for the naval service, and twenty for the• merchant service. The Naval Hospital is a large and well-regu lated institution, with accommodation for 2,500 pa tients, and a separate buildings for officers of the navy. Among the buildings are the aeltniralty , exchange, custom-house, barracks, a Protestant g ymnasium, various schools, an invalid asylum for 60 female, the nobility's club, and the house of Peter the Great, where he resided for sometime ; but with the exception of a few old oaks, which he is said to have planted with his own hand, there are do remains of the former g arden. The per manent population of Kronstadt, exclusive of the gar rison, the pupils of the naval school, workm en , and sailors, is not considerable • during the summer it amounts of 40,000 individuals, of variou s nat ions ; of these, next to the Russians the English pre most numer ous. The inhabitants derive their chit support from the fleet, trade, and shipping. The to wn p rese nts an appearance of great activity and bust le duri ng the summer, but in winter all is dead and sta g nan t. The town and port were laid out, and the buildings f ar ad vanced, by Peter the Great, who found ed Kro nstadt in 1710 ; but it did not receive its present name (the t own the o ftl i t s e la c n r d ow ar n e ) t F ill ort l72 A l l . exa A nd t e t r anhend the battery of St.orthern extremity of John ; the latter is built on piles in the Neva, FIELSINGFOR. is the capital of the Russian goverianeit of Finland, at the mouth of the Warma, in 60 ° latitude, and 25° 0' 15" E. longitude. It has now about 12,000 in habitants, and a considerable export trade in corn, fi s h, iron and deals ; and important manufactures of sail cloth, sacking, and linen. The town was bui lt by Gus tavus I. of Sweden, and burnt in the Russian war in 1728. The fine harbour is defended by several forts, es pecially the strong fortress of Sweaborg, which is built on three islands. Finland having been taken by the Russians in 1808, and ceded to them at the peace, in 1809, no pains have been spared by them to render Hes lingfors an important naval station. The fortifications mount 300 cannon, and contain barr acks and casements for a garrison of 12,000 men. Since 1815, a plan for en larging the town has been carried into effect. M asses of rocks have been blown up, and inequalities levelled, in order to obtain a site for the new buildi ngs. Among the public edifices, the most remarkable are the palace of the Governor, and the barracks, and likewise the mag nificent building for assemblies, on the esplanade, which was finished in 1833. After the destructive fire at Abo, the university, called Alexander's University, was trans ferred by a ukase of 21st December" 182 7, to Ilelsinfors. ar . It is divided into four faculties , with 22 professors, and has a library of 40,000 volumes, and botanical garden. There were 491 students in 1851. REVEL, 7 -- - the' capital of the Russian Government of Esthonia, is situated on the Gulf of Finland. It is very strongly fortified, and in 1824 the harbour was made capable of receiving the Russian Baltic fleet. The be s t part o f t h e portion, on the city is that called the Dom, a distinct west side of the city, and comman din g an extensive view of the sea. Most of the houses of the nobility are in this part. There are in all about 1,900 h ouses an d 15,000 inhabitants, a large portion of whom are Ger mans. There are numerous public and private schools, a gymnasium founded by Gustavus Adolphus in 1631, a naval and military hospital, &e. The manufactures are cotton goods, hats, stockings, leather, gunpowder, starch, needles, earthenware, looking glasses, &c. There is also a cannon and bell foundry. Revel has a very con siderable trade, which is chiefly in the hands of opulent German houses. About 100 merchantmen annually arrive in the course of the season, and leave before the Winter sets in. THE DOBEUDJA. The Russians having been defeated in all their attempts to cross the Danube at Kalafat—the extreme right of their position in Wallachia—seem to have fallen upon another and far less ambitious line of operations, and have crossed the stream at the extreme left ; apparently with out any very serious opposition. Omer Paella lets them into the Dobrudja to all appearance willingly enough. Why ? Is it that he believes the step to be one rather of withdrawal than advance—as argued by a writer whose views are given in another column—or because he thinks opposition in vain ? Or because ho thinks the Russians may be more readily dealt with on the new ground thus taken than on the old ? Which of these reasons have weighed with the Turkish commander time alone can show ; but it being clear that the Russians have chosen the Dobrudja for their first station on the Turkish side of the Danube, we may well inquire what is to become of them there ? For ten hours steaming above the Sa lina quarantine station, there is scarcely a human abode to be seen, except on the river bank. At the driest season the wide swamps scarcely afford a footing for the sportsman who goes after the waterfowl. The gulls are as much at home there as on the neighbouring sea. In the winter, under a strong easterly wind, there are ac tual wrecks, when the waters come surging over the land, knocking the trading craft of the Danube to pieces among the reeds. There are no risinggrou nd? to encounter ; for the whole district is as fiat as the periodical subsidence of water can snake it. Besides the mouths of the Danube, there are countless intermediate and branching chann el s , and lakes, and ponds, all bordered by shaking bogs. The whole region within that bend of the Danube is as deso late and uninhabitable as the Dead Sea Valley —with cold mists instead of hot glare, .no more resources, a much worse footing, and a liability to an infinity of diseases. It is incomprehensible how artillery can tra verse the soil, or how the heavy Russian soldiery can march, or where they can rest, and., abov e a ll , where they mean to go. It is often sa i d that . the Dob ru dj a i s probably much in the same state that it was when‘Tra jan built his wall from river to sea ; but there is reason to believe that it has much deteriorat e d. T he last re mains of old villages, hidden among rushes and long grass, so that the herds-man !tumbles over them, are signs of habitation, once practicable, but no l onger so ; . and, indeed, it seems as Trajau n ee d h ar dl y h ave troubled himself to build that wall, if the place had then THE BALTIC is what is termed a close sea, occupying the centre of Northern Europe, separating Sweden and the Danish islands from Germany. Prussia, and Russia, - and extend ing from 54 deg. to 66 deg. N. lat., and from 10 deg. to 30 deg. E. lon. Its great length and comparatively small breadth give it the form of an extensive gulf, the low and comparatively narrow tract of land which forms the southern part of the Danish peninsula of Schwles wig. The Baltic is connected with the ocean by a large gulf called the Cattegat, which separates Denmark from Norway and Sweden ; and by three Straits, the Sound, the Great Belt, and the Little Belt, which may be con sidered as three gates by which the Baltic is entered. The surface of the whole Baltic sea, according to the calculations of German geographers, is upwards of 160,000 square mites. The southern coast of the Baltic is low and sandy ; and the shores of the Gulf of Livonia are low and commonly sandy, though in a few places interrupted by a rocky beach. The rocky coast becomes general at the entrance of the Gulf of Finland ; and it preserves this character along this gulf and that of Bothnia, and even to the south of the latter, to the entrance of the Sound of Kolmar, which separates the Island of Oland from the continent. With the excep tion of the innermost recesses of both Gulfs, which are low and sandy, the whole of this extensive coast is rocky, though commonly low, rising in very few places to more than 50 feet. The basin of the Baltic is one of the most extensive in Europe, exceeded only by that of the Black Sea, and by, that to no large amount. The drainage of more than one-fifth of the surface of Europe goes to the Baltic. Perhaps in no inhabited country in the world such a quantity of snow falls as in the countries round the Baltic. Hence the freshness of its waters ; 31b. of water from the North Sea contains 747 grains of salt ; but the same quantity from the Baltic does not yield more than 389 grains. Its comparatively small depth may perhaps in some degree be attributed to the numerous rivers which flow into it, and of which it may be termed the estuary, and the greatest part of its surface is filled up by the bars formed by rivers, which, in spring time, are exceedingly turbid, and carry down vast quantities of earthy matter. Its depth is greatest where no great rivers enter, as near the island of Bornholm, and between it and the coast of Sweden, where it is 110 to 115 fathoms deep, while in general it only attains from 40 to 60 fathoms. To its freshness and shallowness it is to be attributed that the shores of the Baltic nearly every year are coverejl with ice, which, from the end of December to the beginning of April. shuts up the har bours, straits, and bays, and interrupts navigation. In the Gulfs of Finland and Bothnia the freezing begins sooner and ends later. In 1658 Charles X. of Sweden marched an army over both belts to the conquest of Zealand ; and in 1809 a Russian corps passed from Fin land to Sweden, over the ice, at the narrowest part of the Gulf of Bothnia. The waves of the Baltic do not rice so high as in the North Sea or the Atlantic, but they break much more abruptly. The current of the Baltic may be compared to that of a wide river or large estuary ; commencing in the reinotest extremities, and it course being towards the outlets of the sea. The current (from rivers discharging into the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia) is very rapid in the strait ; it becomes less so where the gulf enlarges, and divides afterwards at the Aland islands into different branches, which, however, again unite, and the stream is felt over the whole sur face in the central parts of the sea, until it makes its exit through the three straits, being most sensible in the Little Belt. As in most wide estuaries, when a strong wind has blown directly into the entrance for some time, it changes the current, and causes an influx of water from the open sea ; and such a temporary current is said to exist sometimes even at the entrance of the Gulf of Fin land, after a long prevalence of north-west winds. The difficulties in the navigation of the Baltic arise partly from the narrowness of the sea, and partly from the nu merous sandbanks along its southern and eastern shores, where shipwrecks are more frequent than in any other part ; it being said that two per cent. of the vessels which visit the Baltic annually are lost. Besides, the harbours are shut up for three or four months by the ice and thus the navigation is interrupted for nearly one-third of the year. Another disadvantage is the shallowness of the harbours on the southern coasts, and the complete want of tides. No vessel drawing 20 feet of water can enter any harbour as far as the Gulf of Finland, and most of them admit only such as draw 15 or 16 feet ; conse quently the vessels visiting these ports average only be tween 200 and 300 tons. The harbours to the north of the Gulf of Finland are much deeper, and admit vessels of 600 tons and upwards. a THE CATTEGAT is the general passage for ships going from the North Sea into the Baltic, and a toll is here paid by way of cour tesy, to the Crown of Denmark, which, in return, erects lighthouses and keeps them in proper repair. After pass ing Zealand, the sea spreads widely to N.E., and at last branches out into the two extensive Gulfs of Bothnia and Finland ; the latter extending 200 miles, almost due east, till within a short d istance of Lake Ladoga, with a mean breadth of 70 miles. The waves of the Baltic do not swell so high E. 5 in the ocean, but they are more dangerous and harassing to shipping, as they suc ceed each other with greater rapidity and impetuosity ; while its small depth, amounting on an average from 15 to 20 fathoms, but in many places hardly half so much — the shallowness of the Russian shore—the rugged nature of the Swedish coasts—and the sudden and frequent changes of the wind, render this sea formidable to navi gators. The Baltic has a very perceptible current, and when the wind blows strong from the north the water becomes so fresh as to be even fit for drinking or preparing meat. Even in the hottest summers the Baltic is cooler than any other sea. Heavy gales of wind are frequent, particularly in the Gulf of Finland ; /7-, y/ i -~~,;'~i [PRIM SD. been in its present condition. In the summer it admits of the grazing of scattered herds ; and a group of 10, or 20, or 50 vultures may show where a horse or a bullock has met its death. But how an army already incurn bered and weakened with fever, ague, and cholera can traverse that space in warlike trim is inconceivable. Hence, probably, the reason why the crossing was so nearly unresisted. The place is anything but silent— for there is no silence where the waterfowl so abound ; and the herdsmen's dogs, and in the best weather of the year, the bleat of the sheep, and the din of a multitude of singing birds in the scrub, relieve the silence which broods in places too desolate for human habitation ; but there are no paved roads, as in Roman times, to echo to the tramp of horses and men. Which way can the Russians mean to turn ? If they turn to the left they may soon find dry ground, for the coast rises in the direction of Varna. But they have no support from the sea, which is, we hope, by this time at all events, well guarded by our ships. There seems to be no object for the Russians to gain on the coast, but much for them to lose. If they turn to the right, there is the Danube, with its thousand ditches, and a clay-built village here and there, but nothing that can be held as a fulcrum for further movements. Before them is the old Roman wall, running right across from Rassova to the coast. The rising ground on which the wall was built seems to be the only reason for the exist ence of the district at all, for the Danube, sweeping eastward at that point, would cut across to the sea but for those hills. They are mere rising grounds, with hollows between ; and along their slope, and now sink ing and now rising, runs that green fence —as the old barrier may be called—at this day. Once twelve feet high, and faced with stone, it was a real bulwark and even now, with the stone gone, and the ridge broken, it might afford some advantage for defence, if it had been thought necessary. But there are better defences. There is Silistria, first—a place pretty well known to the Russians, seeinff that 50,000 of their troops were, nine months in taking - if, when its garrison consisted of only 12,000 Turks; in 1829. It is understood to be now in the finest order ; and whether the Russians mean to pass or to invest it, their prospects seem almost equally desperate—seeing how their rear is open both from the sea and the river. If they press forwards, they have Silistria also behind them, with Varna and Schumla in front, to say nothing of other fine fortifications on the slope of the Balkan. In sober truth, we cannot make out the movement to be consistent with any other idea than that of withdrawal from the extreme right of the position the Russians have hitherto held; in other words, that it is a step rather of withdrawal than advance. Where is the mistake ? Supposing the news to be true, are the Russians as mad as their master ? Or have the Turks been unaccountably remiss about this swampy region, while setting a sufficient guard everywhere else ? Or is the Danube really so effectually closed that we cannot get into it? If it is done by filling up the channel, the effect will tell in two ways ; the allies may be kept out, but the inundations will follow the marching host. At its best depth, the channels pf the Danube are insuf ficient for the carrying away of the waters of the 120 rivers that are its tributaries. Those rivers bring down the melted snows of whole ranges of mountains in April and May ; and if the natural outlets, never sufficient to obv . iate floods, are now choked up to keep out our boats —why, the Russians will hardly get back dry shod. The Germans have a joke against the Viennese : they tell how a wealthy cockney of the Austrian capital, on a visit to the Black Forest, undertook to astonish the friends he had left behind him. He put on his large boots, and stood in the rill which is the source of the Danube—ef fectually damming it up. Recalled his companions to come and see, exclaiming " How they will star e at Vi en na, when the Danube runs dry I" Unless the Czar has se cured some such coadjutor in the Black Forest, we cer tainly think that damming up the other end of the Danube is the way to astonish the nations—by drown ing them ; and this Rtissian host in the first instance. Whether the mouths are open or closed, we do not envy the armies in the Dobrudja their position. Now they are there, the thing to be done is to make it a trap. We shall soon hear how quickly the allied forces can arrive. It is inconceivable that the Russians can make much progress meantime ; and, as to doing mischief, there is none to do in the swamps but to stretch out a few poor herdsmen's or villagers' corpses for the Black Sea eagles to feed upon. Above Siiistria the Danube is well guarded. If if has not been so hitherto below Sills tria, from over-confidence in its desolation, that is the thing to be looked to now. That done, and the Rus sians halted any w h ere w ithi n th e triangle formed by the fortresses of Silistria, Schumla, and Varna, their appa rent fate is to be pushed over the cliffs into the sea. Time will show whether we are wrong, and where ; but it certainly appears as if the Russians had chosen, out of all possible traps, the one into which their enemies would most wish to drive them. We hope we shall not find that it is done in reliance on the unreadiness of our naval force. If our naval force deserved such a practi cal sneer, we should expect to see our whole nation volunteering to go and push the horse and his rider, and ,all the host of the hard Pharaoh of our day, into the Black Sea.—Daily News. FRANCE AND ENGLAND. ( Prom the Examiner. ) " Now be there 'twist your kingdoms such a 'spousal, That never may ill office, or fell jealousy, Which troubles oft the bed of blessed marriage, Thrust in between the paction of these kingdoms, To make divorce of their incorporate league ; That English may as French, French Englishmen, Receive each other ! . . . And this dear conjunction Plant neighbourhood and Christian-like accord In their sweet bosom, that never war advance His bleeding sword 'twixt England and fair France." SHAKESPEARE. France and England have at last declared war against Russia. They are allies and confederates in a just and unselfish cause. The French Emperor prays for victory to the English flag ; the English Queen praydifor the glory of France, and will grieve over every drop of French blood spent to purchase it. While such are now the feelings of the rulers of France and England, what are those of the French and English people towards each other' They also are beating in unison. To the same chord are now vibrating the hearts in the valley of the Seine and the Thames, the Rhone, the Mersey, and the Loire, the Severn. Their bosoms are one. The two peoples—the French and English people—the rivals of centuries, are no longer enemies ; and before this aus picious fact, pledges of rulers, treaties between govern ments, proceedings in the houses, negotiations with Austria and Prussia, however important, are as trifles. The wives and daughters of England and France are now—in their daily prayers to heaven for husbands, brothers, and lovers mustering in defence of justice and honour—alike petitioning in common for glory to the same banners, victory to the same cause. This is indeed alfact ; unrol the history of 500 years, and where is the fact to match it ! No reflecting French or Englishman can doubt that the great interests of civilisation and of humanity de mand that the alliance which has thus suddenly sprung up between England and France should not be made per manent. We see and feel that it should be permitted to dissolve—that its maintenance is a paramount duty which the two countries owe to the world,—and that they are consequently bound to make the sacrifice of every separate interest in order to consolidate and pre serve it. Very great indeed such separate interests must be to compensate England and France for the loss in the present emergency of the certain assistance of Sweden and Denmark, as it is clear that the incalculable benefit of their co-operation against Russia can only be secured by convincing those Powers that for the future England and France will be, politically, one. Nothing less than that certainty can decide Sweden and Denmark to brave the future vengeance of the Czar ; and with it, they will immediately, assisted by our fleets, shut the door of the Baltic upon Russia, and save at once both England and France torrents of blood and tons of gold—the widow's scalding tear and the orphan's heavy loss. Such would be the immediate fruits of our alliance if the two nations resolve to make it perpetual. It is therefore adys which they owe quite as much to their own interests a t to those of mankind at large, now to form this permanent general alliance, and to make such an agreement as to h line of policy which each will respective l y pursue for the time to come, as shall obviate all causes of future n a t iona l dissension. What then may each have to r esign —what sacrifices to make—for this grand and useful purpose ? Whatever they may be, they must be looked for either in the resignation .or some t err it or i al ex pectancies which each na tion indulges of a nature to lessen the secu rity of the o th er, or in some ! points in which thei r mat erial, or social, or com mercial interests shall be found to clash. Assuming for a moment that France covets Belgium and Savoy, and that England cov e t s E gypt, Majorca, and Minorca, is it possible —were each to succeed in attain. jog these objects at the cost of wars more fearful than any we have yet experienced—to put the precarious benefits they would derive from realising such hopes, i n balance with the certain permanent good they would mutually derive from now renouncing them ? No doubt can exist as to the answer to this question. It is only to strengthen her against Austria and Prussia that France can really want either Belgium or Savoy, and they, as they now are, must side with France if she possesses the alliance of England. Then as to the Spanish isles, they can be of no use to England if she possesses the alliance of France ; nor could England derive more substantive advantage from the territorial possession of Egypt than she already obtains while it continues as it is. France and England, then, in aban doning these and other similar territorial hopes, will either be giving up what is merely a new form of objects they already enjoy and must continue to enjoy substan tively, or objects whose usefulness entirely ceases the very moment they become allies and are no longer on guard against each other. In examining the points in which we might look for opposition between the material commercial or social interests of England and France, we have been unable to discover any object which either nation can honestly desire in these respects, that will not equally benefit both when attained. The French wish to colonise Northern Africa. It is an honest and a noble wish. Let England pray that they may succeed—for Northern Africa was once the greatest grain-producing country in the world, the 7% 7 MR granary of the Roman Empire, and the French canna succeed without making it the gra nary ix itakibile A p EI , Do the French wish that the value of every e evre . _ cony should be d ou bl e ll ?I s it no t the iatefest sen4 of I . land to enjoy g oo d w i ne an d v i negar at ' - tiny a`i - 4- - - v.t . E,., instead of using i n diff eren t b eer an d dil 'fiicet tlelitt 6 c - ' at double the pri ce ? I s no t Bordeaux s,eali4Oii!-4,_.'' u o mouth and Southampton as to Havre ? ,•_; " -.-.:'. - ''''' -: • 4 / 4 4 .i In searching for real and substantive ob -c\ .. _ c fse in the relative conditions accor di ng t o w - ‘l2 l ' L— s; --' ac, tt.ic countries respectively exist; to the institution o st - an intimate, a brotherly, and, above all, a permanent alliance, for better for worse, between them, we really can find none. Tie obstacles are considerable, never theless, though not substatitive. They are'obstacles of the imagination, and no other. They reside in prejudices, in tradition jeaiouilies, s 3 rviving the causes originating them which have ltoge her burnt out and become ex tinct. The great unreflecting Hass in each country more, perhaps, inTrance than in England—has immemo rially belierea that the English and the French are na tural enerniee, 'like dogs and ergs; that they can never trust each other; and they will-feel surprised and half shocked by the serious annouecement of the scheme of an intimate and permanent alliance. Owing to tradi tional habits and historical antecedents, they are morally incapacitated from believing in the possibility of such a thing being brought abont—they are .practically incre. dulous that such a result can ever be. In this alone resides the obstacle to the attainment of this vast blessing to humanity, and to themselves, and if the statesmen of the two countries will now raise their conception to the contemplation of this glorious object, they may easily turn to the profit of both, and to the everlasting benefit of mankind, the present fortu nate conjuncture which approximates them, which the good and wise have ever hoped for, and for which the brutality of a perfidious tyrant has supplied the occasion. So far from being natural enemies, there are no two countries in the whole world—not even the United States and England—which are such natural friends as France and England ; which, in the difference of their respective moral and material wants, have such mutual necessity for each other ; and which would agree together so well, if they could but for a moment forget the past and look to the future alone. In respect of locomotion their vicinity makes them really one nation. From Lon don it is quite as easy, and speedy, to go to Paris as to Glasgow ; from Paris you will reach London as quickly , • as Strasbourg; and then there is just that difference be tween the characters, the manners, the ways of the two nations, that were a general good feeling to replace 1 ancient aversions, it would endear them to one another. The variety that runs through their social habits and - - - customs just reaches that happy point which enables each party good-humouredly to laugh at the other with out any wound to self-love. This is an important ele ment in the groundwork of all friendly society. It does not exist between the English and Americans, because they resemble each other much more strongly ; but you may laugh at a Frenchman's blunders without his thereby suspecting that you mean to arrogate any superiority, and he will laugh as heartily as yourself. And he may do the same to you—and indeed does so all day long— and who ever felt hurt at it ? Then how delightful it is to an Englishman to be talked to by an amiable Frenchman, though maybe it is all about nothing—their gaiety is as a ray of sunshine on the gloom of life. And what a beauti ful picture of their sterling amiability did we not behold in the demeanour throughout of those excellent men who brought over their rarities to our national Exhibition ! what a delightful insight we got on that occasion into the domestic manners and virtues of their middy class, as we beheld the assistance and comfort and pleasure they were receiving from their wives, and sisters, and daughters—models, as are the French bourgeoises throughout, of useful domestic activity, industry, amia bility, and grace. And who were more pleased on that occasion than our old enemies, with the frank and honest good-nature, the hearty moral shake of the hand, of their English hosts ? And where is it, we should like to learn, that the English in France, and they are settled about over its whole surface, are disliked or disrespected? How placable and amiable are the French after a quar rel ! how generous and untnalignant the English ! In short, there is just that difference in all their ways and habits that kindles sympathy and gives it piquancy, in stead of extinguishing or deadening it. And now the vast interests of civilisation imperiously call upon these two great nations—the ornaments of the world, the aristocrats of humanity—to unite and be friends, to be one for ever, ideas velle atque none. We have the same interests to protect, and against the very same enemies. These interests, as far as they are honest on each side, must for the fu- . ture always be the same, and our comintn enemy must always be the enemy of both of us alike. He will always aim at subjugating Turkey, Sweden, and Den mark, and, by making himself supreme thereby in the Mediterranean and the Baltic, equally repress French and English civilisation and commerce. In the nature of things what firmer foundation for everlasting alliance can be offered by Providence than is now graciously vouchsafed to France and England ? We say, therefore, to both—Rejoice and give thanks ; you are going to peace and not to war ; forget, forgive, shake hands, and be friends for ever, for the common enemy threatens you both alike, and if you neglect this opportunity, it is not probable you will ever have such another. It is only the permanency of your alliance that can decide Sweden and Denmark. Proclaim it permanent ; and, what is more important by far, convince the world, by abandoning mutual suspicions, and cultivating mutual sympathies, that . your , alliance, founded in international good will, cemented by international respect and confi dence, is permanent in its own nature, and wholly .._ independent of changes either in the personnel or form of Government. Such a condition—an alliance of kind feeling between the two peoples—will be a pledge more solid than any proclamation ; and must satisfy Sweden and Denmark that they may securely rely for all time to come upon your joint protection against their fearful neighbour, ever ready to devour them. The instant you convince them of this, they will joyfully, with your help, close the outlet of the Baltic on Russia —imprison her always—and spare you now the terrible _ sacrifices of blood and treasure you must otherwise make, and make to no permanent profit, because ten or twenty years hence you will again incur the same • danger, and may not then be able to ward it off. The French and English statesmen, weakly (as it seems to us) bent on securing, at almost any cost, the co-operation of Austria and Prussia, have been too evidently prepared for that object to forego a great part of the benefit to Europe which they might now extort from the common enemy. Yet such co-operation would be positively detrimental if purchased at the price of our abstaining from compelling Russia to disgorge that ter ritorial plunder of her weaker neighbours—the deadly cause of her now embroiling the world—which, we trust, it is the firm resolve of France and England that she shall disgorge. France and England, in earnest, and with the sword . uplifted, are powerful enough for every purpose ; and the only allies they require are Sweden and Denmark. Even if Austria and Prussia should unite with Russia, the immediate consequence infallibly must be that the alliance between France and England would be thereby, and cx necessitate, made perpetual, and the proximate consequences would be the destruction of those perfidious despotisms—the overthrow of Russia—and the elevation of Sweden and Denmark to that station in the scale of European power which it is so very desirable for Eng land and France they should possess. THE DECLARATION. (From the Derbyshire Courier.) Her Majesty's declaration of war will be read with intense interest throughout the world. It contains a very intelligible and succinct detail of the circumstances which have compelled us to go to war with Russia. It will appear to the satisfaction of every one who affords the most common attention to the recapitulation of the transactions relative to the Eastern question, that the quarrel has been one which Russia has sought. The conflicting claims of the Greek and Latin Churches, relative to the Holy Places at Jerusalem, formed the pretext for the commencement of the misun derstanding with Turkey. By the intervention of our Ambassador at Constan tinople this appeared to b e sat i s f actor i ly arranged. But theßussian Government then pressed upon the Porte deman ds which, under the pretence of affording protec tion to the Christians in Turkey, would in effect have deprived the Sultan of all independent control over many millions of his own Christian subjects. Next followed the occupation of the Danubian Prin. cipalities by the Russian armies. The occupation has most audaciously been repro suited by the Emperor to have been consequent on the advance of the English and French fleets to the Dar danelles. Her Majesty's Declaration proves, by the dates of the despatches, that the " determination of the Emperor to occupy the Principalities was taken before the orders for the advance of the combined squadrons was given." Various attempts have since been made to meet any equitable demands which Russia could possible have on Turkey. The Sultan has acted with fairness, modera tion, and forbearance ; and every means consistent with the honour of the allied powers, and the independence of the Ottoman empire, has been used to effect an ami cable understanding between the contending parties. Even the declaration of war by the Sultan in self-defence did not check the pacific intentions of the allied powers. Every honourable endeavour to restore peace having, however, failed, it is evident that we are driven by every principle of justice and expediency, "to save EurePe from the preponderance of a power which has violated. the faith of treaties, and defies the opinion of the civilised world, to take up arms, in conjunction with the,,Em peror of the French, for the defe n c e of the Sultan. In fact, the "Secret Correspondence" so r ecently made public, taken in conjunction with the public sayings and doings of the Czar, proves beyond a doubt that from the beginning of this quarrel the partition of Turkey was the object of the aggressive policy of Russia. It was natural that men of honourable minds should be slow to believe that the Emperor intended to act in defiance of his most solemn and reiterated assurances, We are now compelled to believe that as rapaci ous spoliation was the end, falsehood and duplicity were the means by which the Emperor of Russi a ha s sought to ac com pli s h that bee n his honourable end. T o Engl ally, particular,andin hiseondit ie is marked by ag which h as a l wa y s gravated treachery. "The words of his mouth were smoother than butter, but war was in his heart; his words were softer than oil, yet they were drawn swords." We know the Russians to be a nation of semi-barba rians. W ea lth, refinement of manner, and luxurious splendour of living, leave the Russian aristocracy still devoid of those high principles of honour which distin tinguish the private gentlemen of our own country. The head of this great northern despotism proves himself to be in feeling and principle little in advance of his sub jects, and justifies the correctness of the remark of Na poleon the First—" The civilisation of Russia is only skin deep, S cratc h a Russ i an, and the T ar t ar appears." THE CHOLER A!!!! ITS BEST ANTIDOTE ! ! ! ! Sir WM. BURNETT'S DISINFECTING FLUID, (the original and genuine Chloride of Zinc), highly recommended by the Faculty in all cases of Cholera and Contagious Diseases. Sold by all Chemists, Druggists, and Shipping Agents throughout the United Kingdom, and at the Office, 18, Cannon-street, London bridge. 2ths 2ths 2ths 2ths and anal"- [ Lin t•Eas- so far , but ellors Id on -day, the local fe of ton, ick- 'ohn , to PIN, Dyal G, • 1 2, 9.1 7 40( •