The Sun. — London, England, 1833-10-04 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. Of all the rumours which have of late been thrown into circulation on the Continent, relative to the deliberations and resolves of the three Allied Sovereigns who lately met in Bohemia, the announcement that the Emperor of Austria is about to assume the title of " Protector of Italy" is at once the most probable and the most alarming. Ever since the House of Austria, by the Orrritorial partition at the Con gress of Vienna, obtained the Lombardo- Venetian kingdom, the Austrian Government has 'shown that the Alps form no barrier to its oppressions or ambition, and that it looks upon the whole Italian Peninsula as a collection of subject or subsidiary states, some of which it overwhelms with its military tyranny, and others curses with its leaden protection. The small King of Sardinia is obliged to consider Pied mont and Genoa as an Austrian outpost against France; the minute principalities of Modena, Parma, and Lucca, interposed between the Milanese and the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, or Piedmont, have either, for their Sovereigns, branches of the Austrian family, or are go verned under the dictation of Austrian agents. The Grand Duke of Tuscany holds his estates nearly as a fief of the Austrian empire. The Pope is more dependant on the Austrians than he was on the Franks in the time of Char lemagne; and from the Roman frontier to the southernmost point of Sicily the kingdom of Naples feels that it can only stir or breathe— regulate its troops, or model its institutions, by a permission or a command from Vienna. A revolution breaks out in 1821 in Naples, with out, of course, asking the leave of Prince Met ternich. Immediaately the imperial guardian of Italian peace sets his armies in motion, and pours his troops through the defiles of the Alps, to crush the new institutions under the hoofs of his Hungarian or Croatian cavalry. The King of Naples is summoned to appear before his imperial master, assisted by two or three other Holy Alliance assessors, at Laybach, and commanded to break his oath by sending orders to his people to abolish the constitution, which he, along with them, had sworn to maintain. In their triumphant march along the whole extent of Italy, from the Po to the bay of Naples, the Austrians find as ready a submission, and as prompt a service from the intervening states, as if they were on their own territory. Piedmont had likewise its mimic revolution when Naples was about to fall—a revolution produced more by a dislike of Austria than by dissatisfaetion with the Sardinian Government ; but a corps of the Austrian army from the Milanese soon set to rights the rebellious sub jects of the King of Sardinia. After the sword had been sheathed by the submission or exile of the Italian patriots, the work of the tribunals or of vengeance began ; and Austria ruled as much in directing the persecution of the Carbonari as in subduing the troops of the Constitutionalists. In 1830 the people of Italy again hailed the de ceitful dawn of freedom. The inhabitants of the Modenese and of the Papal Legations again rose to assert their freedom, and were again put down by Austrian bayonets. Twice within these three years has Austria entered the Papal pro vinces to crush resistance against the Pope, as if it were resistance to her own authority, and her influ ence in the councils of the Vatican is as great as in the military police of Bologna or Ferrara. It is thus quite evident that the Government of Aus tria is at present nearly as absolute in Naples, Rome, or Florence, as in Milan or Venice ; and that the only question is, shall such an influence be systematized and reduced to rule— shall its action have more the sanction of a re cognized law—and shall it be publicly exercised without giving a right of interference on the part of other Powers ? At present neither the Pope nor the King of Naples are disposed to dispute the orders sent from Vienna ; but in the case of marching armies into their states, the alarm or the pride of France might be excited, and an expedition like that of Ancona might insist upon landing in Italy to survey the game of Austrian intervention. The protectorship of Austria, should it be admitted, would settle all those matters in a very decided and summary way. Should the Pope be annoyed by the po litical pretensions of his northern provinces, or his troops he driven, as in 1831 and 1832, from his cities and towns by the patriots, his Holiness would only have to announce his misfortune to his Austrian high protector, and order would be soon restored by Croatian soldiers. Should the Grand Duke of Tus cany complain, that though living under his mild sway, his people are happy enough, vet that they insist on the right to a partial self government, an order from Vienna would quiet their agitation, and render them satisfied with their present measure of freedom, on the pain cf suffering a more severe degree of coercion. It is needless to say that a new liberal constitu tion in Naples would share the fate (and by the same hands) of the constitution of 1821. But whether this protectorship shall be established or not in regular form, and with an external sanc tion, it cannot be doubted nor denied that it now presses upon Italy with its iron weight and be numbing influence. It fetters the operations of the press—it interrupts the free communication of thought in private society—it arrests every pro ject of public amelioration—it covers the land with spies and troops, to prevent or to punish any expression of opinion—it corrupts and poisons the fountain of justice in the tribunals—it de grades literature and the arts, by preventing their development or misdirecting their force, and it is in perpetual hostility to every sentiment of national glory—to every idea of patriotic inde pendence. We published on Tuesday last a letter of a correspondent at Bologna, commu nicating some curious details of the state of terror in which Austria holds the north of Italy, and of the deep-rooted dissatisfaction and antipathy felt by the great body of enlightened Italians towards the galling thraldom under which they suffer. Between them and their German oppressors there can never exist any feeling of cordiality, or any movement of sympathy. Th e i r rulers are mercenary strangers or military occu pants, abusing at once the rights of hospitality and privileges of conquest. They have ch ase d learning from its shrine —they have shut up the most celebrated institutions of science—they have driven into exile its most renowned pro fessors, and they have made eve rythin . g . subser vient to their own stupid caprices , sordid interests or barbarous tyranny. With respect to the Government of the Lombardo Venetian king.- dam itself, where the sway of the Austrians l.s undisguised, absolute, and undisputed, we may remark that there never, perhaps, existed a more cold, heartless, and repulsive despotism. Ever since the award of the Congress of Vienna, Which subjected this fair region of Europe to the most stupid people, perhaps, north of the Alps, the latter have shown no desire ordisposi tion to reconcile the interests of the vanquished with those of the victors. Their detestable Go vernment, therefore—the enemy of knowledge and of liberty—the oppressor of genius and of the arts—the jealous inquisitor into the heresies of political thought and of national predilections—the cold-blooded persecutor of patriotic indiscretion—the gaoler of invention and talent—and the antagonist of every itn provement—has had a most baneful influence on the social happiness and intellectual progress of the people. Everything shows that it rules the provinces by its troops, and its troops by the canes of its corporals. A leaden dulness is spread over the land, never varied, except by the stirring activity of the police, the brutal violence of the soldiery, or the unjust exactions of the tax-gatherer. The expression of a liberal idea is prohibited under the most severe pe nalties, while the trial of the alleged culprit is made secret, as if justice were a crime to be concealed—evidence an accomplice of the pri soner—and a judicial sentence of guilty a con scious assassination. Such is the spirit and character of the Government which sheds its blighting influence over the northern parts of Italy, and which, according to the continental journals, is about to be invested with the protectorate of the whole Italian Confederation. It is to be hoped that such a project will not in the present state of Europe be even attempted, and that, if it were, France would " forbid the bans" of so inauspicious an alliance between Austria and Italy. In the next European war that shall occur (and the erection of this hateful protectorate would soon lead to a war), Italy must shake off the yoke of a foreign despotism, and become mistress of her own land within her own eternal boundaries of the Alps and the Ocean.— Times. The observations which we yesterday made, on the associations to resist the payment of the assessed taxes, have attracted the attention of some of our contemporaries. The Standard, in an article of great length, in effect admits that the Ministries which preceded the present sanctioned by their proceedings the anti-social practices of which we complained, but, by way of justification, urges that they had been reduced to the alternative of either proposing what they themselves deemed bad measures, or losing their places. However, before adverting to this part of our contemporary's observations, we have a few words to say, with regard to his doctrine of unqualified obedience to the law, in all times, and all cases— " The principle (he says), that men professing to live under a Government of law have a right to determine when they will obey and when they will disobey the laws, what laws deserve respect, and what may properly be treated with contempt—this establishment in every man's breast of a Court of Appeal from the Legislature, is, we repeat it, as sure to introduce anarchy as any lesson left by the Tory Administration of 1828—or, indeed, more properly speaking, it is anarchy itself. The Morning Chronicle, referring to this secret arbiter, may say, that during the struggle for Reform it was justifiable to disobey the law. Lord George Gordon, by authority of the Court of the same kind in his breast, said, more than 50 years ago, that it was justifiable to disobey the law, when the law afforded encouragement to Popery." As a general proposition, few will refuse to ' admit the necessity imposed on all persons of obeying the laws of their country. But this general doctrine may be admitted, and yet we may not be one whit the nearer our object. The history of the world is a history of changes and revolutions, physical and moral. We may lay down what general propositions we please—we may subscribe to the doctrine which one of the ablest writers of this or any other country, Hobbs, laid down, and illustrated at such length in a variety of works ; but, in spite of our doc trines, laws will be obeyed at one time, and disobeyed at another, and governments will give way to other governments. When they who happen to be in the possession of the power of making laws for_ a people do not consult the interests and the wishes of that people, or such a portion of the people as have the chief influence, they create a disposition to disobey the laws, and a desire of revolution. It is well that the depositaries of authority should be aware of the foundations on which it rests, for one of the best securities against abuse of power is the knowledge that abuse will be fol lowed by resistance. Even in the most absolute governments of Europe, history, teaching by examples, has led the ruling families to adopt precautions to avoid the consequences of abuse of power. The death of the Czars Peter and Paul led to the setting aside of Constantine ; and Peter the Great took even the precaution of executing his own son. Some jurists have gone so far as to say that, so far from allowing every man " to establish in his breast a Court of Appeal from the Legislature," the slave, even in a country in which slavery is the law, is bound in conscience not to attempt to obtain his liberty through any other means than the con sent of his master. And yet we know that where the majority are slaves, and the masters are cut off from foreign aid to maintain the sub jection of the slaves, the common calamity will infallibly lead the latter to attempt their liberty without the consent of their masters. No Go vernment can be durable which trusts for obedi ence to any other source than the opinion of the majority of the influential classes, that the Go vernment is conducted in their interest and for their good. The question of obedience, like most other questions, must be determined by circumstances. If the boroughmongers resisted the wishes of the great body of the people of this country to have such a reform in the con stitution of Parliament as should identify the proceedings of the Legislature with the interests of the people, then we have no doubt in saying that it was merely a question of prudence, whether the boroughmongers should have been obeyed or resisted. Wise men will always be averse to having recourse to physical resistance, if it can possibly be dispensed with ; and they endeavour to impress on those who possess irresponsible power, that as all power is with the people, an obstinate resistance to their just de mands would inevitably lead to the overcoming that resistance by physical force. But when they who are in possession of power obstinately refus e to listen to the voice of reason, there is no disguisin g the truth that other means must be employed. When the means have been success fully empl o y e d, t h e result is revolution ; when these means have been unsuccessfully employed, the law retains its force,and the attempt is termed sedition, riot, revolt, rebellion, and so forth. Hence, it is said that every revolutio n carr i es w i th ; it its own justification ; for the success proves that ;he depositaries of power lost sight of the principle that government should always be conducted for the interest of the body of the people. But we shall now, return to the peculiar justification of the Duke of Wellington and Sir Robert Peel, to which we alluded We should be the last to palliate (says our contem porary) the fatal error committed by the Duke of Welling. ton and Sir Robert Peel in yielding the Bill of 1829 ; but let the blame fall where it is due. The Bill was not yielded to the Irish Papists. Had the Duke of Wellington and Sir Robert Peel any ground to hope for the support of the House of Commons in preserving the peace of Ire land, we have the evidence of their previous and subse quent conduct—we have their own declarations at the time, in proof that the fatal concession would never have been made. They were the successful arts of the Whig faction that forced the Duke of Wellington and Sir Robert Peel to the alternative of resigning the Government into Whig hands, or themselves adopting a measure which has proved the pirent of so much evil. We thought, five years ago, and every day that has since passed has hut cor roborated the conviction, that the Ministers of 1828 ought to have thrown themselves upon the Protestant people, by a dissolution of the Parliament, packed by Mr. Canning and his poor servant, Lord Liverpool ; and if that failed, adopted the manly course of resigning. It were long i here to tell, however, how the then Administra tion were entangled by the effect of George IV.'s miserable household intrigues—by a connexion with the rump of the Canning apostacy, the Grants, and the Palmerstons, and others who have passed to their account. It were long, too, to tell the malignant bearing of other political questions, especially of those affecting the interest, upon interest and the boroughmongering upon the question of the Protestant Constitution ; suffice it to say that the Whigs expected place—that they taught the moneyed interest to expect a preservation of their usury, and the boroughmongers the security of their bo roughs, from yielding to the demands of the Irish Papists. They created the majority in the House of Commons against the Duke of Wellington and Sir Robert Peel ; and to them, therefore, must be ascribed the establishment of the principle which, as the Morning Chronicle truly ob serves, was quite sufficient to introduce universal anarchy.' Without stopping to remonstrate against the want of candour and generosity manifested by a Whig Journal, in arraigning a Tory Government because it was a Tory Government acting in submission to Whig man dates, or, as the phrase of the time was, a Tory Go vernment acting upon Whig principles,' we may remark that the principle upon which the Morning Chronicle itself reasons, is fully as sufficient to introduce universal anarchy.' " We do not well see how the boroughmonger ing policy, and the conduct of the Duke of Wellington and Sir Robert Peel is justified by our contemporary. The boroughmongers knew that their government was condemned in the opinion of the people of this country ; they knew that the 'people were fully impressed with this truth, that the laws made in boroughmonger Parliaments had for object the interest of the ruling few, at the expense of the subject many ; that the people attributed the burdens to which they were subjected to unnecessary wars, under taken for the sake of cramming the aristocracy, to wasteful colonial expenditure, to provide places for their children, their hangers-on, and the instruments by which the domestic misrule was carried. They persisted, however, in resist ing all demands for reform—they persisted in treating the great body of the Irish nation as slaves tolerated merely as drudges for the ascendancy. The Whigs were consistent in condemning this system. The Whigs knew that the welfare of both England and Ireland demanded that the people of Ireland should be admitted to the full privilege of citizens, that in tune they might attain to the conviction that it would be for their interest to yield obedience to the laws. The Duke of Wellington and Sir Robert Peel, how ever, were perhaps hypocrites in refusing to emancipate the Catholics, on the ground that to admit them within the pale of the Constitution would be ruinous to the country ; but they were worse than hypocrites in pretending that they retained all their opinions with regard to the effect which would be produced by Catholic Emancipation, and yet that they consented to it because they had no alternative. When our contemporary talks of the difficulty in which they were placed by majorities of the House of Commons, he admits that the Government must have strangely forgot its duty to the people,when, in spite of the power of the Oligarchy over the representation, the influence of the people made itself so felt in the House of Commons as to de prive the Government of majorities. The Whigs were able to dictate to the Duke of Wellington and Sir R. Peel, merely because the nation had become dissatisfied with the Tory policy ; and the only means by which the Tories could stave off a change was to adopt the principles of their opponents. But now that the country has ob tained such a change in the representation as must identify the Government with the people, the people are cutting their own throats in en deavouring to obtain that by resistance to the law which they might obtain through a change in the law. They have in their own hands the return of those by whom the laws are made, and if the law be not changed one year, it must be changed the next. When the people have no control over those who make the laws—and laws are made not in their interest—one can under stand why they should feel inclined to act by themselves instead of through their representa tives. But if they have a control, it is absurd to seek to effect their object through any other than constitutional means. No per son will pretend that Parliament, as now constituted, can resist the demands of the constituencies. To admit that the representatives of the people can be controlled by their consti tuencies, and must attend to their wishes, and, at the same time, to attempt to resist the collection of a tax levied by law, is, in fact to admit, that there should be no law whatever, but that every man should do whatever seemeth good in his own eyes. The conduct of Lord George Gordon, who, according to the Standard, " said more than fifty years ago that it was justifiable to disobey the law when the law afforded encou ragement to Popery," was less irrational than the conduct of the London Associators, because he and his adherents could have no hope of changing the law, whereas the London As sociators know that the assessed taxes will be repealed. We have not left ourselves space to advert to the arguments of some of our other contemporaries on the danger of resistance to taxes. We continue of opinion that the danger of tolerating these practices is very great. It is so pleasant to refuse to pay money, that asso ciations of this kind have a tendency like snow balls, to gather force rapidly. They must be stopped. However,we shall return to the subject. —itforning Chronicle. Our sentiments upon the subject of the as sessed taxes have been too frequently and un equivocally expressed to render it possible that we can be suspected of anything like double dealing upon the subject ; but we consider it one thing to bring about their repeal by consti tutional means, anti quite another to resist their payment, and thus, were the attempt successful, to benefit one, and that a small class of the community, at the expense of the rest. That the Government richly deserves the dilemma in which it is placed by these proceedings, we do not deny ; and, if that were all, we should be inclined to leave it to its fate. With its own faith broken on the subject, and members almost of its own body setting the example of this re sistance, little can or ought to be felt in the way of sympathy towards those who can thus unad visedly, yet knowingly, draw upon themselves the very evil of which they complain. That the house and window taxes will be ultimately repealed, we entertain no doubt ; but our hope all along has been, that they would be repealed by the strength of the remonstrance which has been everywhere shown to their inequality and injustice. But how does the matter stand in re ference to the proceedings which are now going on to resist their payment, but that the Govern ment,whenever the repeal does take place, subjects itself again to the imputation of yielding that to clamour which cannot be extorted from its sense of justice and propriety ? But there is one ob jection to the present mode taken by persons to resist the payment of these taxes which strikes us with peculiar force ; and that is the eagerness with which the details are caught at and circu lated by the Tory press. It is not at all difficult to comprehend what this means. Its evident object is to bring disrepute upon the cause of reform, by giving publicity to the indiscretion of its advocates, as well as to induce the people to believe (if any one is credulous enough to do so) that in the hands of the Tories, those tried friends of economy and retrenchment, the point contended for would have been granted without bringing things to their present issue. We do not believe the people weak enough to be gulled by this weak display of the enemy. But the very fact that what is going on appears agreeable to the latter ought of itself to be sufficient to put the former on their guard. Thank God ! we are not arrived at such a state of things as renders resistance to the law the only mode of effecting its reform. On the contrary, the real danger is, that, by the very act of resistance the chain may become rivetted, which is now ready to be thrown open by means of the regular key. —Morning Herald. GEORGE THE THIRD. Some eight and twenty years ago, my friends Park and Spence were in London, and I went with them to see Windsor Castle. Wyatt's great stair case was then nearly finished, but the interior scaf folding was not all removed. In looking at the construction, I got up the main flight of steps, and was gazing about, when the King was announced. Before I could get down, his Majesty, with the Architect, came in, and I was obliged, in conse quence, to remain for some time standing where I was. The King observed us, particularly myself, who was so conspicuous, and lingered with Mr. Wyatt, until he had satisfied his curiosity by looking at us; speaking all the time, "his tongue never lays," and looking about as he was speaking. It was evident he spoke more at random than seriously addressed the architect, being occupied in noticing us. Something in his manner drew my attention, and from that interview, which lasted probably se veral minutes, I caught a durable remembrance of his peculiarities--I see him still. The other occa sion was still more characteristic of the good-inten tioned venerable man. It was on the morning of that day on which he dissolved the Parliament of the Whig Administration, formed at the death of Mr. Pitt. I happened to be with a friend, at morning prayers, in the oriel chapel of the Castle. The King was there, and the Princess Amelia, with a few attendants, besides the gentlemen of the cha pelry ;in all about twenty persons. It was a sight worthy of remembrance. The old man remained seated with an humble worshipping demeanour, while the prayer for the King was said, but he stood up, and repeated aloud, with pathos, the petition for the people. With this remarkable touching solemnity, all gravity, however, fled from me. It is well known that his Majesty was very near-sighted, a defect which caused him to hold the prayer-book close to his face : over the top of the leaves, with the sly simplicity of an urchin at school, he fre quently took a peep at us, but whenever he caught my eye, cowered, as it were, down afraid, and " conned his task" in the most exemplary manner. The way he did this was exceedingly amusing; but the worst of it was, that I could not conceal the effect, and accordingly " I and the King" continued to play at bo-peep during all the remainder of the service. To these two incidents as they may be called, I owe those particular traits of individuality which have been embodied in the scene with Sir Andrew Wylie, and which, I must believe, are not unlike. I know, from good authority, that George the Fourth remarked, in reading the description, it was " by far the likest portrait of his Majesty he had ever seen."—Galt's Autobiography. GENEROSITY OF A CITIZEN KING. It is whispered in the coulisse, and it is believed in the foyer (saloon), that during the late residence of the Royal Family at Fontainebleau, the leading members of the corps operatiquc were commanded to repair to the Royal residence, to contribute to the rejouissanccs of its illustrious occupants. With the details of their performances I shall not trouble you ; with the results to themselves I intend only to deal. One day in the beginning of the week just expired, M. Aguado was agreeably surprised at his country house by the visit of A. Nourrit, Levasseua, and Madame Damoreau Cinti. "We come fora glass of water," said they. " A glass of water ! why, where have you been ?" "At his Majesty's palace of Fon tainebleau." " Flow comes it that you demand a glass of water ?" "We are literally in want of it," said one of the party. "We have been performing for the entertainment of their Majesties, and, to use a figure. which I picked up in England on my last visit thither, the inquiry Have you a mouth?' was never made of any one of us. Pockets were out of the question." It is needless to say, M. Aguado, that " Royal merchant" (as Mr. Baron Vaughan once called his client Mr. Rothschild) immediately invited the party to enter his splendid and hospi table dwelling, where they found with regret his distinguished friend and guest, the Maestro Rossini, labouring under a severe fit of indigestion. Of the manner in which they were entertained it is not my hint to speak. It was of a nature, however, to console them for their reception at the Chateau. On leaving the hospitable mansion of M. Aguado, they were each presented with a diamond ring. On reaching Paris, they immediately stated to M. Veron, the Director of the Opera, the incidents of their sejour at Fontainebleau, and their departure from it without a remuneration of any kind. M. Veron, in reply, represented to them (that which they knew to be true), that he had at his disposal no funds out of which to indemnify them. " The only thing I can do for you," said the director, " is to allow you the use of the theatre (Academie Royale de Musique ), for an extraordinary represen tation for your joint benefit on Sunday night." Such is the rumour in the green - room, and as green-room rep v i ; v in e ugl i tdytohua;t afforded t; s t Tm i nbgiaei an opportunity s o i s pwptfue ne li susceptible of con- scandalous story. tygrafoterfpulubto. con tradiction; dy o fi r occ t rtot l unhita g tradictiag a DEATH FROM STARVATION.—Yesterday morning about 8 o'clock, a miserable looking old man was discovered by policem an N o. 211 l y i ng on t h e pave ment in Barnsbury-tnews, llornsey-road, in a state of complete exhaustion. Being unable to walk or speak, a truck was procured, and he was conveyed to the station house, Islington-green. A surgeon was called in, and some restoratives administered, which partly revived him, but not sufficiently to enable him to speak intelligibly. Inspector Miller then sent for Mr. Ashley, the overseer of St. Mary's parish, who immediately wrote out an order for the poor fellow's admission into the workhouse. He was accordingly conveyed thither in a coacb, when every care and attention was paid him, but his e xhaustion of body was so great, thr oug h the want of food and sleeping in the open air, that he was unable to eat, and expired about 12 o'clock. A coroner's inquest will be livid on the body to-morrow. ADVENTUROUS VOYAGE. It will be recollected that about a year ago we noticed the singularity of an emigration which had taken place from the Island of Coll, in the Hebrides, to Van Diemen's Land—a Mr. M'Lean having purchased a smart little vessel for his own use, and transported in it himself and his whole family to that distant part of the world, with only a captain and one or two nautical hands to sail the vessel. Only a few weeks have elapsed since news reached this country of Mr. M'Lean having safely reached his destination; and on Monday last we had the pleasure of seeing the Captain engaged by Mr. NPLean pop in upon us. The little vessel which he navigated out was named the John Dennison, and was, we believe, one of the smallest in which so vast a voyage was ever performed, add to which, that the captain, Mr. M'Kay, who is well known in the Clyde, though he had previously been on some parts of the coast of Brazil, was conversant chiefly with the navigation of the Baltic and Mediterra neat', and therefore was not less adventurous in de pending purely upon his scientific knowledge to conduct him aright, than was Mr. M'Lean in trust ing himself, his whole family and effects, to so unusually .small a bark. They made up a full cargo by shipping front this country to the Cape of Good Hope coals, which they there exchanged for wines, to be delivered on consignment in Van Diemen's Land. When arrived at the latter colony, Mr. M'Lean speedily found a purchaser for his vessel; and the Captain, Mr. M'Kay, after remaining about three months there, and visiting various parts of the colony, returned home a passenger in the Lavinia, of Liverpool. He reports that Mr. M'Lean had pitched on a fine spot for a settlement, a consi derable way into the interior from Hobart Town, and had every prospect of doing remarkably well; and he tells some strange stories of discovering there, and in Sydney, various old acquaintances whom he had seen at the bar of justice in this country, nom riding fine horses, possessing fine houses and esta blishments, and ranking as high in the society that surrounded them as if they never had had a blot in their scutcheon. We have a luded thus specially to M'Lean, his little vessel, and the Captain, because there was an adventurous originality about the idea of one solitary family launching out in her from their native home, to traverse more than one half of the dreary waste of waters that encircles the globe, and also because the romance thus thrown around the adventure excited an interest at the time which cannot yet have so far subsided as to render any account of the fortune of the adventurers a matter of indifference.—Glasgow Free Press. A MODERN HEROINE'S ESCAPE.-At dawn of day the Duchess awoke. The instant there was light enough the guile discovered his mistake. He had wandered two leagues from the path he ought to have followed, and to regain which they would have to cross, for the space of a league, a tract of open country where they would run the danger of being recognised and token. The Duchess perceiving a country seat at a little distance, asked to whom it belonged. "To a furious Republican," the guide answered; `'and what is more, he is a Maire of the commune." " Very well," replied the Princess, " conduct me thither." Her companions looked at her with astonishment. " Gentlemen," she said, i❑ a tone of voice she always assumes when her determination is irre vocable, turning towards them and without giving them time to speak, " the moment is come when we must part. There is less danger for us separately than if we remain together. Monsieur de Bourmont, you shall receive nay orders at Nantes ! proceed thither and wait for me. Mon sieur de Menars, do you reach Montpellier ; there I will let you know where I am. Adieu, gentlemen ; I wish you a safe journey, and may God be with you." Oil saying this she gave them her hand to kiss, and took leave of them. They both withdrew, well knowing that remonstrance was of no avail. On finding herself alone, the Duchess repeated her order to the guide to conduct her to the house of the Maire. In a quarter of an hour they were in the Maire's drawing room ; and notice of their arrival having been given to the master of the house, he made his appearance in about ten minutes, and the Duchess advanced to meet him. " Sir," said she, " you are a Republican, I know ; but no political opinions can apply to a proscribed fugitive. I am the Duchess of Berry, and I come to ask you for an asylum." " My house is at your service, Madam." " Your situation enables you to provide me with a passport, and I have depended on your getting one for me." " I will procure you one." " I must to-morrow proceed to the neighbourhood of Montpellier; will you afford me the means of doing so ?" " I will myself conduct you thither." " Now, Sir," continued tl.e Duchess, holding out her hand to him, " order a bed to be got ready for me, and you will see that the Duchess of Berry can sleep soundly under the roof of a Republican."— The Duchess of Berry in La Vendee. The Vintners' Company have given instruc tions for their 61. pensioners to be increased to 101. each pension. CUSTOM-HOUSE INFORMATIONS.--Yes terday the Commissioners of his Majesty's Customs, on the petitions of the parties, liberated Captain Shield, the master of the Margaret, lying in the Loudon Dock, who was convicted in the penalty of 1001. by Mr. Ballantine and Mr. Hoskins, at the Thames Police-office, on Wed nesday, for smuggling half a gallon of brandy, which was found in a bladder in his bat as he was coming out of the dock, on his paying a fine of 51.; and they also signed an order for the discharge of Ralph Dawson, a seaman of the John and Amelia, who was ordered by the same Magis trates to serve his Majesty five years in the navy for attempting to smuggle ashore three quarts of Hollands and a pound of tobacco, on his paying a penalty of 40s. GAS LIGIITING.--On Wednesday morning a petition, numerously signed, was presented by a deputa tion from the inhabitants of the ward of Bishopsgate, to the Commissioners of Servers at the Guildhall, against the existing gas monopoly in the city of London. The peti tion stated that a reduction having taken place in the price of gas in the western part of the city, the palpable injus tice of the chartered Gas Company in keeping up the pre sent charges in their district was not to be tolerated, and the petiti9ners requested the Commissioners of Sewers to withdraw their exclusive protection from the chartered cornp lily, and encourage the establishment of a City Gas Company, in - order to get rid of a monopoly which pressed so heavily upon the pockets of the citizens, and at a time when there was a general reduction of charges in the ar ticle. Mr. Daw (the Chairman of the Commissioners of Servers) stated that a request should be sent to the Direc tors of the chartered Company to attend before the Corn -1 missioners, and asked the deputation whether, if that Company agreed to reduce the charges for gas to those made by the City Gas Company, the inhabitants world be satisfied. Toe deputation replied that they would be 3ati-fled in the present instance, but their acquiescence is such a proposition must not be considered as binding upon them as to future operations. They urged the utility of the establishment of a City Company by the traders them selves, who felt severely the overwhelming charges at present made, and they expressed a firm hope that unless the charges were lowered according to the suggestion just made, the Commissioners would testify their sentiments on the oppressive system at present acted upon by a total withdrawal of their protection. The Chairman—" Cer tainly the Court will protect their fellow-citizens." The deputation then withdrew. It is understood that the Commissioners of Sewers will meet again on Friday next, to determine the question with the Chartered Gas Com pany. An accident, very similar to the melancholy one at King's College, has just occurred in France. The inhabitants of Cosne, a provincial town on the borders of the department de la Nieve, were recently thrown into a state of great distress by the occurrence of a deplorable accident in that place. Fronting the town, a suspension bridge had just been erected, for the purpose of maintain di n peg la Nieve r ma a li n e d n t c ommunication be e t e , n r d t g h e e , department separated into two divisions of unequal length, and resting on an island, was completed in two days, and then put to the proof. A considerable weight was laid on the first part of the bridge, which it bore for three hours, without giving any appearance of weakness. The suspension chains were manufactured from iron ore obtained near the spot. The second portion of the bridge, the chains of which came from Paris, and the strength of which was tried several times, and received its complement of weight, but in a little time, all of a sudden, one of the wings of the supporting chains snapped, and the part of the bridge wasw e were k p e r n e c i o p u i - t t w a h te i d ch in it to su th st e ain ri e v d er g . iving On w e ay 4 si t x hes p e er m so e n n s dead; four others were severely wounded. The engineer, M. de Verges, one of those who had fallen into the water, received a violent shock on his head. Every hope, how ever, is entertained that the whole of the party, with the exception of one, will survive an accident which no hu man foresight could have prevented. THE MARKETS. SOUTHALL MARKET.—Oct. e.. ,„,d tinle In this day's market, which exhibited a tolerably g---_,OO. of year supply, both as to numbers and quality, and was "' t be rately well attended both by London and country buYn to pe trade was very dull throughout, at the following prices P er of 81b. to sink the offals : 8 m e u e t f t7 ..,...—..... n ~........... 3 n s. Ok B l. to 4 45. Od B . I P V . e r a k l = gs.Bf3d. to Is• 8 84. Lamb 4s. 6d. to ss. Od. c heaPe r ? The foregoing quotations were Lamb 2d. per stone . ce , Q Pork 2d. per stone dearer, than on this day se'nnight p . „ ° ,, and Beef, Mutton, and Veal, stationary. Beasts, 255 •, Sh„,,„`'`rtioa Lambs, 2,956 • Calves, 53 ; Pigs, 37. A considerable Pr v r of the stock left ' the market unsold. __....,".. HAILSHAM MARKE f.—Oct. 2. t 4i. 61 ' Beef---...... 3s. 411. to 4s. 2d. I Vea1.................. 4s. *L.° 4 2 Mutt0n—........... 4 0 5 0 Pork 3 0 Lamb 4s. 6d. to ss. 2d. her Wise Supply good, and bade with prime meat brick, but ot dull. ARUNDEL MARKET —Oct. 1. 6 ,1 . 8eef...................... 3s. o.i. to 4s. Od Vea1..—............... 4s. 2d. to Mutton -- f 3 8 4 8 I P0rk..—....—, 4 0 Lamb 4s Bd. to 5s 4d. Supply moderately good, and trade rather t1t1:../` CHICHESTER 111 ARKET.—Oct. 2.' Reef ...--.—..—.. 2s. Od. to 4s Od I Vea1,..,,,.,,,..,,..,. 4s. 2d. to: 6'1 67; 1 Mutton .--- 3 6 4 6 Pork --.--. 4 2 Lamb 4s. 6d. to ss. 2d. Sie ly Store stock in steady demand, at stationary prices. good; trade with fat stock rather dull. / RU M FORD MA RKET.—Oct. 2. d. r'. R. d. to s. d. s. i Beef '1 0 4 0 Veal Mutton 3 6 4 6 l'ork 1 amb 4s. 4d. to ss. Od. # Suckling Calves, 14s. to 345. ; Quarter old Store Pigs, 12s. to' Supply rather limited, and trade dull. Ci/UN'TRY CORN MARKETS DURING THE Wheat. Barley. I Oats. . 15e 2> , Per Quarter. s. to s. s. s. a. to a. 5 . Blandford 1 55 30 S~2 g 5 Brigg 4O 58 36 40 15 22 30 37 Cambridge 54) 33 18 41 Chard 48 56 24 28 18 22 2 6 gl Huntingdon 58 63 21 23 14 20 31 55 Long Sutton.. .. 56 64 17 22 32 41 Louth 48 54 28 32 18 22 40 si Lynn 50 60 22 25 16 20 32 40 Newark 57 60 29 41) 16 22 37 0 Nottingham 46 62 25 27 20 24 36 41 Peterborough 48 60 30 36 14 22 30 , Plymouth 50 64 30 34 20 23 --- 4 5 67 43 27 "'" 4 5 Sleaford 65 70 36 38 22 28 41 40 Uppingharn 50 60 28 36 18 26 48 62 20 33 14 22 LEEDS CORN MARKET.—Oct. 1. 4 Wheat, Norfolk and Suffiilk, 601 b. 28s to 'a ° ' 1 York. and Lincoln. 601 b. Barley, Norfolk and Suffolk - o't' 4 Yorkshire and Lincolnshire Grinding Beans 63lb. ~.„ Oats, Potatoe —Mealing, For. 12d. to 1341. Shelling Eng 2. . 2 9d. s. to toltst' r‘ j r io .l4 , Rapeseed, English, 25/ to 27, Foreien. —l. to —1 '3/ LivEttpooL CORN EXCHANGE.—Oct. I. 9 , t WHEAT, English, White, per 71)1b. -- Red .- 7 8 . 0 - • • Scotch, Welch, and Manx Irish, White 7 0 / -- Red 6 3 6 Foreign OATS, English, Welsh, and Scotch, per 451 b 2 9 n Irish Foreign BARLEY, English, Malting, per Imp. quarter 32 0 1 --. Scotch and Irish, per 601bs. Feeding 3lO A A BEANS, English, per Imperial quarter 43 3 Irish, &c. Foreign ..`...... 40 0 I i PEASE, English, per Imperial quarter 42 0 4° Foreign 4 FLOUR,' English, per 2801 b. Iris h .6. 37 0 o 4 OATMEAL, English and Irish, per 2401bs 22 0 INDIAN CORN, per 4401 b. Ityr, per Imperial quarter MALT, per Imperial quarter ~„ IMPORT or GRAIN for the Week ending Sept. U. 6 36 1 ,„ Wheat. Oats. Barley, Flour. Qrs. Qrs. Qrs. Foreign, Brls.llrish,&c. Scli2l 11,964 6,776 1,265 6,710 I 3,327 LEWES MARKET.—Oct. 1. 0 White Wheat (per quarter)........ X 2 14 0 to .E 9 16 0 Red ditto Barley—. l2 0 Igo Oats, New —.— .. 0 18 6 1 v 0 13 0 1 Oil Cake, New ~....... 12 0 0 per thoug-- CHELTENHAM MARKET. —Oct. 1. t oil Per Bushel. s. d. to s. d. Pe r lb. d• t ° l Wheat 6 0 8 0 Beef Bl 1 0 I Barley 4 0 5 6 Mutton 0 i Oats 4 0 4 3 Veal Beans Pease 5 0 7 0 Lamb .... . ...... :.. ........ .... S 6 . Hay 3l. lOs to 31. 15s. OeL per ton. _____----- DUMFRIES MARKETS.—Sept. 26. O A Mg . d ' Wheat, Imp. Bush... 6 0 to 7 6 Butter, I6os 0 Ot ° i 0 Barley ...-. 3 1 3 6 Eggs, 22 0 0 90 Oats ......... ........ Flour, 141 b. Oatmeal 1 6 1 9 Veal 0 A 0 Potatoes, cwt. MEETINGS OF CREDITORS AT THE COURT, BASINGHALL-STREET (From the London Gazette.) 1 1 TOMORROW Oct. 5. bf• J. S. Gadd, linen-draper, Woolwich .............................. 1 Slnkspeare is dangerous reading t o bu talent ; he compels it to reproduce him while it fa it is producing itself.— Goethe. tie t", SUDDEN DEATH.—Yesterday an inq--50,yif held at the Brown Bear, Knightsbridge, on the b an itinerant violin-player, named Irving. The fieroir who had formerly held a situation in a nobler: 00 I°l was playing a lively tune, on Wednesday e veningl A ; o p: i f j tap-room of the Brown Bear, when he sudden l y down. A surgeon, who was sent for, said the " had died instantaneously. Verdict—Died by the tion of God. Yesterday an inquest was held at th l , o tliumberland Arms, Wells-street, Oxford.street, ifri body of Mr. W. Coldwell, formerly an exterotie l ,d monger. The deceased's affairs bad for some " d 'ole been embarrassed, and on the 23d ult. he WO ifso l f l g and thrown into Horsemonger-lane goal. ne 0 0'6 leased on Friday last by a kind friend, and in tii_ e A - dr o f he was walking across his room, when he dropP'"iell d dead. 11l health, the damp prison walls, and tel." mind, bad made him a complete skeleton. ye ve o Died by the visitation of God. 5 ' it ( CHOLERA.—Although London h a ye,„# officially declared free of this fatal disease, cases Il te tr , continue occasionally to occur. Yesterday 1/tlc . i Captain John Law, of the brigantine Betsey s o t e r Dundee, recently arrived from the Canary 1' 14 0 09 who was on the eve of returning thither, was /3 0 4 0 1 in its victims. Symptoms of the malady aPP e t s „, 0° 4 4 in the morning, and although these were not nant description, the fell destroyer, as in a g reat be lly of instances, baffled medical t rea tm e nt, and, 0 : 0,1 minutes past six p.m., he breathed his last, bot tic i s 9 placidity of countenance somewhat unusual in . f r Captain Law leivea a widow and a wide circle ° to mourn his premature demise. of; BIBTHS. of. 0" On the 2d inst., at the rectory-house, SpitsWei"— of the Rev. William Stone, of a daughter. ~,,10° ~• On the 3d inst., Mrs. Kenrick Bacon, of a sou , On the Ist inst., at Dalston, the lady of the la te • fOP • Lieut.-Colonel Robert Robertson, of the Bom bay Of daughter. On the 3d inst., the lady of Lieut.-Colonel daughter. ~00ve On the 3d inst., at the Abbey.road, St. Job" iti , 10 lady of M. J. Soares, Esq. of a son. ntP f " On the ;Nth ult., at Woodhouselee, near IA lady of Thomas Abercromby Duff, Esq., of a son. MARRIED. VirOj„4o 4llll s t°, On the 3d inst., at the Friends' Meeting-house, D el tr George Head Head, Esq., of Rickerby-house , Maria, daughter of the late Thomas Woodron u ` A tr of Stockwell.park, Surrey. n cOjt' ~ On the 3d inst., at the New Church, St. , e og - Austin, Esq., of Doughty.street, to Eliza, the Pr „10 ter of Edward Barron, Esq., of Sidmouth.str eet. e On the 2d inst., at Cheriton, Kent, the Re P OD O l est °II 01 1 A.M., vicar of Hilton, Dorset, to Frances , r beri ay of the Rev. Julius Drake Brockman, rector o f — vo er, r On the 3d inst., Henry, second son o f John "" g ifir 4 et his Majesty's Customs, to Mary Frances , only stu. 11 109, ter of the late Mr. John Wells, of Too ting. h .‘""'fy On the 22d ult., in the chapel of the Britis don, t 0 0 , 63 Munich, Edwin Hill Handley, Esq. , of of moiselle Deiphine de Schauroth, daughter of d olt o f Schauroth, of Munich. sou el ~00 On the 3d inst., at St. John's, Hac kneY, dO P shaw, of Farringdon-street, to Mary Ann, , $ O l 1; ) 1. 1 Peter Paterson, Esq., of Holloway, 51iddlcse%: 00 On the 28th ult., at New Marylehone chu 0, rc,,n'the Esq., to Elizabeth Frances, eldest daughter General Stov in. _.------- JP DIED. )°. On the ‘.2d inst., at Lconard.place, liensingt°' t‘il aged 64. w ore On the ‘2d inst., at St. John's-wood, Th °n ' aS _AI I ' fl e' Esq., of Great Marylebone-street, aged 5. oiler' a gt—dv , , On the Ist inst., at Edmonton, Captain It le WO loyo's On the '24th ult., of apoplexy, in I/3 Soho-square, John Cudlipp,aged 44 . . god On the 3d of May last, at Cawnpore, Maio' Peach, Assistant Commissary General. g l'otsTED Arc) Puina sti cn BY AILIRDO yoo v SUN (WKS, 112, STROPS L Publi o:::thieF %low L No. I No. 0. , N o , a E le n e Sch ° O Ol 'NO/ " ') 40i I ,hold L I, %, te l ' Per cen 'e tick an, I ' , the r ?'l,ktes the ' 1, I) THI o,;ce.lehlear,:teh:l 1 8 4 kslit '7O, ( Th e ji I' Colo n 1 oter Ite el 3viiii a i n ;4,, Kamercrit apt. Geon EoN ! th v ett r e Whole .._2O °e-th* met e d f C Per cet 'kte Se`, Ah ,~l is seal i n :Y, or L t a pe r k • t4 lltag;, u Vov per sona enr goe 'Peeis:' a n' R E:,11 A 14 ° 4 eral, '" age . 5 In k , v ll .stE — lel "41 Y, MRS'S anintn,Y. and cy tn, B it and 'ook, ,b0,,-4ventui to b ut Whom lticl Just tt, id , the S'r t, o ng et k Resin -.t ilt I W s' Never ' t e4ll)* dras‘; IN 1 pBI: 1460 No. 27, Dri utad , tch a 9 Oxfo 'alto4.l 13 kr,j; C( ‘vh ici, ft Str tkrit her I~aitioa the Btu the „i-raoft t e tt ar e wt. tr e a t r we a e ,: l l i;:;