The Sun. — London, England, 1864-06-30 00:00:00

Next week will be published in Bvo, with Maps, WHAT LED TO THE DISCOVERY OF THE SOURCE OF THE NILE. _ By JOHN HANNING SPEKE, Captain H.M. Indian Array, author of "Journal of the Discovery of the Source of the -— bile." W. Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London. This day is published, THE SCO T• AB . RO AD, By JOHN HILL BURTON, Aut .or of "The Book Hunt e:." n Two Volumes, Crown Svo, 1.75. W. Blackwood and Sons, Ediaburgh and London R te AYL ITALIAN OPERA, Covent-garden. a he nobility, gentry, subscribers, and the public are respect fully informed that the Season will close on Eaturday, July 30. There will in - this week iv five opera nights, viz.. Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Frid3.y, and Datsrday. Extra Night. THIS EVENING (THURSDAY), June the 30th, will be performed, Meyerbeer's Grand Opera, in four acts, LE YROPHETE,. Fides, Madame Didiee, her first appe 'ranee in that character this seascn ; Bertha, Madame Rudersdorff; Count Oberthal, Signor Tagliafico ;Zaccaria, Signor Capponi ; Nathisen, signor Polonini ; Giona, Signor iNeri-Baraldi ; avd Jean of Leyden, Signor Tamberlik, his first appearaL.ce in that character this season. Conductor, Mr. Costa The Grand Skiting Scene and incidental Divertissement will be supported by ILI le. Salvoni, Irldlie. Carmine, Mdlle. :Navarre, and 31. Desplaces. Commence at half past Eight. Pit tickets, 7s. ; amphitheatre sta'ls, 10s. 6d., 75., and ss. ; smphitheatre.:2s. 6d. Boxes, stalls, and tickets may be had F t the box-office under the portico of the theatre, which is pen from ten to five, and at the principal musicsellers' and 21brartans'. 4JIHEATRE ROYAL HAYMARKET.- Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr, Buckatone. THIS EVENING. THE BALANCE OF COMFORT. Slr. Howe and Miss L. Angel. After which, DAVID C-ARRICK. Messrs. Sothern, Chippendale, Buckstone, Rogers, Clark, IVeathersby, Arc.; Mesdames Snowden, Nelly Moore, Fitzwilliana. Followed by LORD DUNDREARY MARRIED AND DONE FOR. To conclude with TURNING THE TABLES. Mr. Compton, Mr. Howe, &c. . Commence at 7. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining. THIS EVENING will be performed a new and original Drama, by IL Slous, Esq., entitled LIGHT AND SHADOW. lIIIr. D. Murray, D. Fisher, J. W. Kay, J. Nelson, &e. ; Miss btafford and miss Caroline Carson. After which. the new p.ay by John Oxenford, Eel., THE MONASTERY OF Sr. JUST: Messrs. Vining, H. Mars ton, J. Nelson, J. W. Ray, H. Mellon, W. Robins, C. Seyton, Chapman ; Mrs. H. Marton, and Mdlle. Stella bolas. fix - YEW THEATRE-R0 YAL, ADELPIII.— *Me Proprietor and Manager. M. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, SHAKSPERE'S HOUSE. Mr. J. L. Toole, Mr. R. Phillips. Followed by THE DEAD HEART : Robert Landry (his original character). Mr. Benjamin Webster, ,uppo , ted by Dlessrs. A. :!titling, J. L. Toole, T. Stuart, Paul Bedford, B lling,ton ; Miss Woolgar (Mrs. Alfred Mellon), Miss Kelly, dzc. After which, TILE AREA BELLE, with a Norrible Tale: Messrs. J. L. Toc.c, P. Bedford, ti. itornerMiss Woolgar, and lars. H. Lewis. Commence at 7. R OYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. under the Management of Mr. B. WEBSTER. Crowded with rank and fashion. Re , engagement of those co ebraced and popular artistes, Mr, an t Charles Mathew-e. Amongst the artists engaged will be found the popular nunes of Mr. Benjamin Webster, Mr. Charles Mathews. Mr. Frank Matthews, Mr..T. L. Toole, Mr. J. Clarke, Mr. Paul Bedford, Mr. F. Robinson, Mr. Ashley, Mr. J. Johnstone; Miss Herbert, Mrs. Frank Matthews, Miss H. Simms, Miss A. Cottrell, Miss Fanny Josephs, Miss Patti Josephs, Miss Wentworth, Mrs. Stirling, anti Mrs. Chas. Mathews. EVERY EVENING, at 7, A SIIEEP IN WOLF'S CLuTHING. Mrs. Stirling, Mr. J. Clarke, and Mr. F. Robinson. At 8, the COMIC Drama of USED UP. Messrs. C. Mathews, Ashley, J. Johnstone, Montague, W. Chamberlaine ; Miss Patti Josephs, and Mrs. Frank Matthews. At 2b, IATTLE TODDLEKINS, Mr. Charles Mathews, Mr. and Mrs. P. Matthews. To conclude with BRISTOL DIAMONDS. Mr. and Mrs. Frank Matiitws, Mr. Ash ey, Miss Wentworth. In Rehearsal, FAUST AND MARGUERITE. An Im morality, by F. C. Burnam, Esq., in which Mr. and Mis. Charles Mathews will appear. "Ll MOSES AND SON ■'4• respectfully call attention to their large and well assorted stock of JUVENILE CLOTHING. The newest fabrics are combined with the latest and most fashionable designs, and the best workmanship. E. MOSES and SON give particular attention to this important branch of their business, and they can with confidence affirm that the prices Are such as must satisfy the most economical. Tnis depart ment is in a distinct part of the premises, which will be found a great convenience for ladies and children, "L'i MOSES AND SON ju• respectfully invite public attention to their large and well-assorted SPRING STOCK. .W MOSES AND SON'S J • " SANDRINGHAM" WRAPPER lotrodneed by them) is the newest and most fashion Able style of Overcoats for the season. E• P :‘ ,E T AD O Y- S MA E DE S and B A ES N POK D E CLOSTIEOIZ 'S ior all classes and all ages. MOSES AND SON'S • CELEBRATED "INDISPENSABLE" SUIT, from 30s. "L'i MOSES AND 12,4• HOSIERY and DRAPERY, for all classes and all ages. SON'S 10 MOSES AND SON'S • HATS AND CAPS, for all c asses and all ages. ~MOSES AND SON'S • _ BOOTS and SHOES, for all classes and all ages. FAMOSES AND SON'S ' • OITTFI for all classes, all ages, and all climates. EMOSES AND SON'S . LONDON HOUSES, 154, 155, 15( 1 , 157, Minories ; 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 89, 89, Aldgate ; 506, 507, 508, New Oxford--street; 1,2, 3, Hart-street; 137, 138, Tiottenham-court-road ; 288, Euston-road MOSES AND SON'S A. COUNTRY ESTABLISHMENT, Bridge-street, Bradford, Yorkshire. MOSES AND SON'S • Establishments are closed every Friday evening at sunset until Saturday evening at sunset, when business is re sumed until li o'clock. A 1 articles are marked the lowest prices in plain figures. Any article not appr,,ved of will be exchanged, or the money re' tuned. List of' Prices with Rules for Self-measurement, Fashion Card, and Our new pamphlet, "The Tercentenary; or, The Three Hundredth Birthday of William Shakspearc," gratis and post free. COALS. —The LILLESHAL G COMPANY'S COAL i. Direct from their 0 wn Collier:es. Marquis' 2:35. per ton. I D ouble.. ....... 20s. per ton. Top 225. ~ p ee l' ...... •••••21e • 91 Well screened and delivered within fivemiles of th e ir De pots, Weetbourne Park-road , W. , and 17, S out h W harf, Paddington, W., and Maiden-lane, N. Best Coke Terms cash. JOHN SCOTT, Sole went. 111 HE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN:' L Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, an be had Js:very Evening of G. R. GLICNIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. The Weather—Sun Office, June 30, 1864. TIMEMOMETER. This day at Two o'clock 69 Barometer-29.87. Wrsan—S.W. ; moderate breeze and fine. SIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tan DAY.—Morning, llh. 2m.—Afternoon, 11h. 36m. 10-htoßsow.-Morning, —h. —m.—Afternoon, 12h. 10m. 5 - SUIT. LONDON, THURSDAY, JUNE 30, 1864. It wou ld ha:dlyhave been possible for any friend of the Government to have hit upon a more admir ably clever amendment than Mr. KINGLAKE'S. It is so wonderfully clever that—disingenuous though it is—it deserves to succeed. It is far better than what is vulgarly called trailing the herring, It is at once a moat subtle, and yet, at the same m oment, a most fllgrant evasion of the difficulty. Sir CAIRNS might be tempted to speak of it, as five years ago he spoke (very memorab'y) of Lord RussELL's Resolutions, namely, as a dodge. But Mr. KING- LAKE'S amendment is too clever to admit of its being adequately defined by the application to it 01 so ignoble an epithet. It is far removed above the dead level of a dodge. It is in its way a work of high art. It is worthy of remembrance henceforth as a sort of model for what an amendment °tight to be. It cocily takes for grantee that the Address to the Crown, about to be Proposed ii the House of Commons on Monday by Mr. DISRAELI, means—War. Mr. KINGLAKE affects, in other words, to look upon the "situation" as this—that, Whereas the Government are for Peace, the Opposition are for War ! When the "situation," in reality, is nothing whatever of the kind. The Voting of Mr. DISRAELI'S pro posal for an Address to the Crown would, in no imaginable way, jeopardise the pacific future of England. On the contrary, the very objection raised by the words for which Mr. KIN GLAKE now proposes to substitute his Amend ment—the very objection raised by those words, at the close of Mr. DISRAELI'S suggested Address to the Crown, is to the effect that the course pursued by the Government tends to the jeopardising of more rse peace, renders the probability of war late r on and more inevitable ! Saving only of co if those increased temptations to war should not again be evaded by mere of thew mean and despicable concessions made, in the haughty name of England, by a faltering and a paltering Government ! Mr. .....KINGLAKE, however, affects not to see anything of all this—affects, in fact, to see exactly the reverse. Hence his amendment. We shall be curious to observe how Mr. DISRAELI will deal with that Amendment under the circum stances. One way of dealing with it, one is almost tempted to suggest this, might be the incorporation of the purport of the Amendment parenthetically in the Address to the Crown to be proposed on Monday in the House of Commons by the Leader of the Opposition. Namely,byinterpolatiog, among the closing words of the Address, something to the effect that "although we have learnt with satisfaction," et cetera! Thereby taking the little sidelong puff of wind out of that cleverly nnrec'ed Amendment of Mr. KINGLAK E'S, designed by that ingenious as well as honourable and learned gentleman to carry her MAJESTY'S Goa vernment safely into port, even when at their very direst extremity. Clever, wonderfully clever, though the amendment unquestionably is, it nevertheless admits of being rendered perfectly nugatory and inefficacious if adroitly dealt with by a far cleverer man and a far abler tactician than even Mr. KlNG LAKE—meaning, of course, the right hon. gentleman the Leader of the Opposition. It is just precisely the opportunity for Diamond cutting Diamond. There are some men whose names are so identified with a particular cause that they are regarded as in some measure authorities upon the subject, and whatever may fall from them respecting it commands attention. Lord•BxouGHAM has long occupied this position with regard to the Slave Trade, and con sequently the brief address which he made on our relations with the Brazilian Government on Tuesday evening are not altogether to be overlooked, oven amid the many exciting topics now pressing upon public attention. To whatever subject the noble lord addressed himself he was not, indeed, likely to be heard with anything but deference ; but on this question he has expended so much time and energy, he has laboured so strenuously for the good cause, and has been such an unflinching advocate of the rights of man against the oppression of his fellows, that his speech will be read with interest by a more comprehensive circle. Despite the ana• themes of Federal partisans, Lord BROUGHAM is one of the recognised leaders of anti-slavery princi ples in this country, and the public is inclined to receive with favour any proposition which he may make respecting it. His object on Tuesday evening was, singularly enough, not to increase the severity or efficiency of the acts now in force, but to obtain the repeal of ono which he considered to be injurious is its operation. The measure to which he referred was the Aberdeen Act of 1845, whose present agency he believed to be rather deleterious to the cause than favourable. It is highly satisfactory to find from so competent an authority that the slave trade in the Brazils may be considered as actually terminated. Twenty years ego from forty to sixty thousand slaves were annually imported into Brazil ; it is, therefore, no light matter to have succeeded in putting an effectual stoppage to so large and flourishing a trade. Mach of the credit due for this suppression Lord BROUGHAM attributes unreservedly to the Brazilian EMPEROR,WhO has not only shown some anxiety for the total stoppage of the trade, but has also wished to preclude the possibility of its revival. In these views he has been powerfully supported by his own people, and, in fact, he could not on such a matter have effected much without their aid. Public opinion is happily enlisted on the right side of the question, and some half dozen years back the Brazilian legislature passed an act render ing the slave trade piracy. There is, therefore, little ground for uneasiness respecting the future prospects of a trade which appears to have been virtually annihilated. Lord BROUGEIAM contended that the wording of the Act gave great offence to the Bra zilians, both people and Government, especially as regarded the very large indemnity which it gave to British office's for acts done in the suppression of the slave trade. Lord ABERDEEN himself said that when the trade was abolished, the Act should be repealed, but the Act has now survived the trade for nine or ten years without any modification ; and although it may not be fully carried out at present it remains in existence, occasioning causeless irri tation. The Brazilian Government appears to have acted with good faith throughout, although we need not inquire too closely how far its honourable ful filment of its obligations has been encouraged by the change in the views of its citizens. The result I S °A any rate a matter for congratulation, and it is only tube lamented that while Brazil has sincerely endeavoured to disco urage and suppress the slave trade, Spain, which has accepted large subsidies for the same purp t , le , has treated her engagemnts with the most open dbiregard. The real . cause of this of contract is Cuba, and L or d B dia n h o o u n G o n u A r m abl w e re a b sp a e el l rfettly correct in his assertion that Spain would never ao anything to i n j ure th e slave trade so long as Cuba remained in Spanish hands. The Government Is to o easily influenced by the wealthy capitalists of C uba, and accordingly they encourage rather than repress the trade. Lord of slavery by th e A me rican Civil War. I n RUSSELL consoles himself for this uns a ti s f actory state of things by anticipations of the total extinc tion waiting, however, for so doubtful and dist ant a prospect, it would be well to see whether some. thing cannot be done to secure a better observanc e of the Treaty, and to check a great and appalling evil, which it rests with us in a great measure to countenance or to cure: There have been so many defeats of the Govern ment this year that the occupants of the Treasury benches must be rather more surprised when they obtain a success than when they sustain a reverse. At any rate the majority 'which voted for Mr. DOULTON'S resolution on Tuesday did good service to the community, and more especially to the humbler ranks, to whom the preservation of open spaces is most important. It is difficult to explain why the 'Government are always against these proposals, suited as they are to the requirements of t he people. Perhaps it is from a dislike to any in terference in their departments, or from their in ❑ate love of arbitrary power, and the wish to usurp rights of judgment to themselves. Ba this as it may, it is very certain that no one brings forward the claims or the wishes of the community in any re f ired that seine °Livia' does nt:.y start up and attempt to explain away whet has been said. Either this suggestion is not practical, or that ar• gument is not solved, or it will not be expedient to do anything just now, but the Government will bear the question in mind for a future occasion. Mr. DOULTON made out a very good case in support of his proposal ; he stated facts, which should have been sufficient to convince even official impractica bility ; but it is truly said that there are none so deaf as those who will not hear. No one can deny the great importance of preserving these open spaces, and yet it is equally true that while more demands exist for their maintenance it becomes more difficult to preserve them. London is fast losing the great advantages it once enjoyed of being surrounded by open places, they are ra pidly becoming absorbed for building purposes. Under these circumstances, Mr. DOULTON proposed that the Government should introduce a bill for the purpose of affording the necessary protection, the Board of Works not having the power to do so. There can he no reason why more active inter ference is not used in this case, for it is surely a bounden duty on the part of the Government to undertake the responsibility themselves, and not to be continually shifting it from their own shoulders to those of others who cannot perform the task if they have the willingness to do so. The usual absurd excuses were given by the Government speakers, which amounted in reality to declaring that the subject was important, but that reasons prevented it being properly attended to. Surely if one thing more than another imperatively calls for action, it is the preservation of the health of the metropolis, and yet this is constantly neglected by those who are ready to go to any expense for mere mattes of business or objects of interest. In no better way could the Government spend the funds at their disposal than by first clearing those open spaces over which private individuals have a right, and thus prevent their being built upon. Had they actedwithpromptitude and proper publicfeeling there would not have been all the outcry raised concerning Hempstead Heath, which has given so much annoy ance and caused so much odium. It is always very disgraceful for public functionaries to display meanness in their dealings or inaptitude for their tasks, but when these qualities are shown in affairs of moment as regards public hethlth, the consequences are disastrous and deplorable in the extreme. Mr. TORRENS made a few very forcible observations, and said that persons were in the habit of laying claim to considerable portions of Epping Forest, under the plea of being lords of the manor, and that the Government were so supine that they did not protect the rignts of the Crown. He truly said that the Attorney-Ganeral ought to be instructed by the Treasury to interfere and prevent such spoliation taking place. It is very easy to make glib speeches on the Treasury benches and its immediate vicinity, and the exaggeration of this and that statement, the incorrectness of those de tails, and the utter impossibility of that proposal being carried out ; bnt the end always is the same, that the worst fears of the complainants are ful• tilled, and the general interests of the public are sacrificed. Mr. F. PEEL made a most ridiculous observation when he said that he could not admit it was the duty of the Government to pay for the compensation out of the public purse,and that there " ought to be no difference in that respect between the metropolis and other large towns." Nur can anything be more extraordinary than this states ment, when the population of the metropolis is so numerous, and is so much more precluded from the means of obtaining fresh air. The end is the same, whatever means are adopted to encompass it, and the Government mean to do nothing. The large ma- jority against them is a great satisfaction to con template, as they will no be forced to do some thing, nolens volens, if they remain in office; and if they do not, their successors will be able to take advantage of this warning, and exert themselves to perform their duties more faithfully in this impor. tent respect. All that relates to the health and comfort of the working classes should receive a double share of attention. The annual meeting of the Manchester Cotton Supply Association took place on Tuesday, at the Manchester Town Hall, and its members could not fail to contrast the present cheering aspect of the cotton trade with the gloomy state of things when the Association was first formed. Then all seemed dark and hopeless, so hopeless, indeed, that many able and experienced men seriously recommended that the great masses of the cotton spinning popu lation should turn their attention to some other mode of gaining a living, since there was little or no chance that the cotton industry would ever again support them. Others advised a wholesale deportation of the people, and every suggestion commanded some degree of attention when the re• cipients of public relief were reckoned by tens of thousands. But while this perplexity and anxiety were filling most minds, a few more sanguine or energetic considered what could be done to revive the cotton trade. It was plain that that trade supplied countless necessities, that it met the wants of all grades of the community, that it was able to give employment to all these starving thousands, while its stoppage was occasioned by no inevitable calamity, no national misfortune which human power could either foresee nor control, but from purely secondary causes. The earth did not refuse to nurture the precious seed, the seed itself showed no malign influences, but the fault lay in the human agent for its supply, and men refused to profit by what the peat Mother would willingly have given them. Why, then, since the soil and the climate which favoured its development was confined to one part of the globe, why could not the seed be sown elsewhere, and the energies of other nations be enlisted on behalf of the cotton cultivation. Had this reasoning been acted upon earlier it would have spared Lancashire the cotton famine. Had the gloomy portents which wise men could see in the political horizon been earlier heeded—had the pos. sibility of an American War been i calculated on instead of being thrust into the background as a catastrophe quite out of the question, how much loss and misery might have been saved. But a reckless spirit of speculation possessed the mill owners, and they went on adding store to store, regardless of the future. Happily now the sky is brightening again, and while every month the pauper returns show a considerable diminution, the statistics collected by associations encourage us to hope for a gradually increasing supply of the pre cious material. The concluding words of the report should be borne in mind by all concerned in the revival of the trade. The writer says, after sum. ming up the rapid progress of the cultivation in many widely removed lands, " the review of the past supplies hope for the future; and whether we look to India, or Egypt, or Turkey, or Italy, or Australia, to Central or South America, the West Indies, or any other quarter, it is manifest that there must be no faltering policy p arsued if we would reap the harvest for which we have sown." EXETER HALL.—Handers oratorio, "Judas Maccabteus," will be performed for the last time this sea son on Wednesday next, the 6th July, by the National Choral Society, under the direction of Mr. G. W. Martin, Principal singers—Madamo Pampa, Miss Palmer, Mr. sims Reeiss, and Mr, Santley. Laud and chorus, 700, TER SUN, LONDON, THUIISDAY EVENING, JUNE 20, 1864. FINE ARTS. Washington Irving and his Literary Friends, Designed by F. 0. C. Darley. Engraved by T. 0. Barlow. Published by Moore, Macqueen, and Co. Everyone knows, of course, those two delightful pictures called respectively, " Shakspere and his Contemporaries," and " Scott and his Contempora ries." Here, in this profoundly interesting en graving of " Washington Irving and his Literary Friends," is an American ditto, revealing to view, in Geoffrey Crayon's charming house-room at Sunnyside (just the name for Irving's Home!) the Author of the Sketch-hook and his Contemporaries. Fifteen celebrated American men of letters are here, in this most interesting work of art, grouped together, and revealed each in propria persona, each a vivid and wonderfully lifelike resemblance. In the centre of the picture, of course, is the host— literally a host in himself Geoffrey Crayon, Diedrich Knickerbockt r, Launcelot Longstsff, Jonathan Oidstyle, all rolled into see— otherwise Washington Irving, Novelist, Essayist, Historian, Biographer, hornine-do-lettres, and Ambassador! Rather a lackadaisical pose is given to the head of this delightful writer, as he is here repre sented, with that same head of his turned senti mentally on one side, while the blandest of smiles, a smile almost amounting to a simper, is expressed on the features. Seated near hi,n,with his features shown in profile, is the author among them all with the noblest head—a sort of Nipoleonic head—and the finest thoughtfullest countenance—Williem Henry Prescott, the luminous historian of "Ferdinand and Isabella." The glasses he is fingering, suspended round his neck by a ribbon, remind us of that ter• rible aftFction of his, embittering his life—an 6 ietion almost amounting to blindness. Leaning on the back of the chair in which Prescott is seated, is that noblest of all the American poets, Professor Longfellow. Behind him is the the mystical face of the author of the " Scarlet Letter," Nathaniel Hawthorne, recently deceased. In the background, between Prescott and Longfellow, appears the lugubrious, ringletted visage of Mr. N. P. Willis, looking like that of a handsome roué thoroughly used up. Yonder on the other side of the picture is the manly, vigorous, sailor-like face of Fenni more Cooper, the sea-navelist, par excellence. Next to him is the historian of America, George Barncroft. And, further back, Ralph Waldo Emerson's shrewd, close-shaven, old-fashioned looking Yankee visage peers at us incongruously over a sort or a Byronic turned-down collar! Near him, grim and ungainly as a Polar bear showing his teeth through a shock of white hair, is 'William Cullen Bryant, Poet, and Editor of an Evening Newspaper. Besides one other celebrity not yet mentioned, to wit, °dyer Wendell Holmes, there are five writers, well known probably in their own country, but little thought of in the old hemisphere —namely, Halleck, Limms, Paulding, Kennedy, and Tuckerman. The difficulties in the way of " arranging" such a picture as this transatlantic companion to the two famous English prints already mentioned, viz., " Shakspere and his Contemporaries," and "Scott and his Con temporaries," have been admirably well over come by the eminent American artist from whose hand the original design emanated. And, in transferring the general effect of that design of Mr. Darley's to steel, in a style of (the engraver's) art known as mixed line and stipple, Mr. Barlow, of London, has done his part, we should conjecture, to the painter's complete satisfaction. Published by the Messrs. Moore, McQueen and Co., of Bar ners-street, this engraving of Washington Irving and his Literary Friends is likely to vie in popu• larity—as affording the' public a welcome peep into Sannyside—with the celebrated pictures, already yielding that public peeps, respectively, into the Mermaid and into Abbotsford. Miss Bateman as Leah, Painted by J. Edge!! Collins : Engraved by George H. Every : Published by Henry Graves and Company. Any one whose glance may chance to fall upon this beautiful engraving, as it row hangs displayed, to view, far and wide, in the shop windows of our London printsellers—it is quite certain must reeds halt upon the instant, no matter what his preoccupa tion of mind or his hurry in regard to time, even sup posing this casual passer-by to be hastening at the moment, hot-foot, to some over-due appointment. Beautiful though the picture is as an engraving, it is still more beautiful, it is still more entitled to admiration, as an all but living, breath ing, speaking likeness. The original—who does not know her, by this time, among London play goers ? Miss Bateman, the American actress of consummate genius, the Leah of the Adelphi ! She who has won the admiration of so many thousands, besides the enthusiastic pamphleteer, who eagerly pressed forward from among the crowd to become her panegyrist in print, and to tell the world that in One of the " Little Batemana" of years gone by, there had appeared at last a worthy successor to Miss O'Neil and Helen Faucit. And here, in Mr. Edgell Collins's admirable portraiture of Miss Bateman as " Leab,"—a portraiture exquisitely transferred to metal by the graver of Mr. George Every—the admirers of the gifted young American, of the tearful, half distracted Jewess (one hardly knows which of the two she is the more really and the more intensely) have at length placed within their reach a memorial of her, beautiful to look upon, and one hardly to be surpassed in its way as a memorial. The tearful glitter of her eyes, the choking sob of her voice, are here in a marvellous manner, as it were, perpetuated. We almost seem to hear her gasping again with anguish, as we gaze upon the pic ture. It is a double triumph of art—first of the painter's, afterwards of the engraver's. It is certain of winning for itself a widely-extended popularity—a popularity almost as widely extended as the charming original's. For the picture, in truth, is alike admirable as a work of art and as a like ness. Royal Gallery of Illustration. The visit of Mrs. Roseleaf and her family to the seasside to recruit, after the fatigue of their " Even ing Party," has furnished Mr John Parry with materials, for the canstruction of a cow descriptive story, in which his great skill, both as a musician and a mimic, is displayed with the best effect. The novelty is introduced by a "saline symphony," and this enables Mr Parry to show the great command he possesses over the pianoforte, and et the same time allows him to introduce a variety of marine melodies, such as " What are the wild waves saying," " Over the sea," " 0 'tis pleasant to float," and the " Bay of Biscay," all of which were sung in the most irresistibly comic manner. The humour of the musical narrative is divided into parts, viz., sea-bathing, promenading on the cliffs, boating and yachting on " the expansive ocean," strol ling on the sands, &c., &c., and thus Mr. Parry introduces all those "characters" peculiar to the sea-side during the height of the summer season. For example, we have Mrs. Ducker, the old bathing-guide, the terror of the juveniles ; then the organ-grinders; next the Italian with his "playful" monkey; then, again, Miss Gush ingten, the sentimental spinster, given 0 moon light rambles, in the vain hope of securing " one fond heart ;" and a variety of others, the peculiarities of which are Lit off by Mr. Parry with the utmost fun and drollery. The narrative is a very acceptable addition to the " Pyramid'' and the "Bard and his Birthday," and one which we can safely commend to the attention of the pleasure seekers of the metropolis. A REWARD FROM THE SWEDISH GOVERNMENT TO A LIFEBOAT CREW.—The Swedish and Nor wegian Government has just forwarded £24 for distribution amongst the strew of the Southport lifeboat, belonging to the National Lifeboat Institution, for their gallant services in rescuing, during a gale of wine, seventeen persons from the barque, Tamworth, of Skein, Norway, which was wrecked on the Trunk-hill Sandbank, about five miles from Southport, on the 31st October last. The Swedish Govern ment has also sent a silver medal to William Rockliff, the coxswain of the lifeboat, in acknowledgment of his brave and skilful conduct on tho occasion. The Lifeboat Institu • tion had previously rewarded the men for their laudable services on the occasion in question, and Rockliff is also in posszsion of the silver medal cf the instutition. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. LRETJTER'S TELEGRAMS.] AMERICA. SOUTHAMPTON, JUNE 30. The North German Lloyd's steamship Bremen, from New York on the 18th inst.„ arrived off the Needles at 12.5 p.m. to-day. (Per the Virginia, via Roehe's Point, June 30, L 9.55 a,m.) NEW YORK, JUNE 18, Evening. Nothing later from Grant. Gjld 195. Cotton Ibo cents. MEXICO. MEXICO, MAY 28. On the 22d inst. Commandant Courey defeated the united bands of Sandaval and Cadanena at Volparaiso, 30 mites from St. Z.catecos. The enemy had 120 killed and lost, in addition to 300 prisoners, 5 guns, an entire park of artillery, and 200 horses. BOMBAY AND MAURITIUS MAILS. SUEZ, JUNE 30. The Jeddo, from Bombay, June 9, anchored at 7 a.m. this day. The Sultan, from Mauritius, June 6, arrived at 2 p.m., on the 25th. The Behar, with the outward mails of 12th-18th June, left Suez, for Bombay, on the 27th inst. THE BRAZIL MAIL. LISBON, JUNE 30. The royal mail steamship Parana Was arrived here, and will sail for Southampton this morning at 7 o'clock, with 106 passengers, £2,813 in specie, 403 bags of coffa, 300 barrels of tapioca, 794 rolls of tobacco, 22 packages of ipecacuhana, and 324 packages of sundries. The Magdalena left St. Vincent, for the Brazils, &c., at 7 p.m., on the 21st inst. PRUSSIA ANTI➢ GERMANY, ST. PETERSBURG, JUNE 30, The semi-official Deutsche Peterburger Zeitung of to-day, in a leading article favourable to Ger many, says :—" It would be inconsistent, on the part of England, to wage war against Germany, as she took no active steps when the German Powers rejected the Treaty of London of 1852, and eubse• quently occupied Schleswig and Jutland. England ought logically to advise Denmark to yield to Ger many." ITALY. TURIN, JUNE 29 (Evening In the Chamber of Deputies to•day the Minister of Finance stated that he bad been able partly to carry out his financial programme, although he had been in part unsuccessful. Respecting the deficits for 1864 and 1865, he would be able to provide for them by the sale of Crown lands to the value of 200 million lire, and by the sale of the State railways, without having recourse to a loan. The Alioister showed that he has effected reductions in the budget of expenditure to the amount of forty million lire, and that after the vote upon the new constitutional laws had been taken the reduction would reach 100 millions. The revenue derived from the income•tax was regularly increasing. The Government and the nation could not accept the policy proposed by Signor S.trraco—viz., dia• armament. The Ministerial programme was still that announced by the Cabinet oncoming into office—viz„ to hold themselves ready to take advantage of poli ilea', events in Europe, in order to bring about the realisation of the destinies of Italy. (Applause.) Signor Sarraco protested against the interpreta- tion given by the Minister to his political pro gramme, and declared that he had no intention of proposing a policy of disarmament. FRANCE. We are assured, says the Union, that towards the latter part of last week a very animated con. versation took place between M. Drouyn de Lhuys and Count de Goltz, the Prussian ambassador. The intercourse between the Tuileries and the Cabinet of Berlin are said to be growing more and more cold, whilst it is quite the reverse between Vienna and Paris. Abd-el-Kader, actually residing at Cairo, has just forwarded to the Emperor Napoleon 111. a long memorial with reference to the present rising in Algiers. This document, which is written in Arabic, will be translated and published. At the same time the Marquis de Moustier, French am bassador at Constantinople, has transmitted to the chiefs of some Circassian tribes an offer to emigrate to Algeria, where some lands will be granted to them. The Journal des Villes et des Campagnes notices as follows a book which is at the present moment creating a great deal of sensation throughout France :—" The Frontiers of France,' such is the title of a large volume in 18mo which has just come out of the pen of M. Theophile lavalles, one of the professors at the Imperial Military School of Saint- Cyr, and well known in the literary world for his historical works. The present bock sketches briefly the victorious as well as the unsuccessful campaigns which have enlarged and diminished our territories in the course of the last two centuries, and also the treaties which have sanctioned our victories and our reverses." M. Lavelle?, in his preface, protests against any intention on his part of alluding to the engrossing topics of the day. He has only wished to write fox his pu, ils a book intended to complete the lessons of history in a manner specially adapted to their military vocations. In spite of this declaration, which is after all supported by the long studies of which this book presents a resume, certain news papers have insisted on seeing in M. Lava Lee's work a sort of experiment —an attempt at reviving in the hearts of the French people their grievances against the treaties of 1815; and this preoccupation has givPn to the new book a temporary vogue far beyond its real merit and the object which the author had in view. More over, the conclusion of the book is not calculated to dissipate completely the suppositions of the papers, in spite of their little foundation. "France," says the author, has recovered her natural frontier in the south (Nice), shall she re cover her natural boundary to the north (the banks of the Rhine and of the Skeldt) Undoubtedly. She must have the limits which the hand of God has traced to her; those which she possessed in the Celtic and Roman times, those which she conquered again during her regeneration in 1789. She must grasp within her territorf the field of Tolbiac and the tomb of Charlemagne; she must have, as Vauban said to Louis X iV, her square field ! The natural frontiers of France have become since the last twelve years a part of the public right of Europe; they are a primordial necessity of the modern times ; they are a pledge of the world's peace." But if you ask from the author when this restoration is to take place, he will answer :—" It is a work of time, of patience, of conciliation; it will be done without struggle, peacefully, if Europe is wise and has confidence; it she will re pudiate her old prejudices and accept that which nature, history, reason, and justice have rendered necessary." This prospect alone will only halt please the pupils of St. Cyr; but the end of the paragraph is, perhaps, of a nature to bring back a smile upon their lips :—"But from this day, and whatever Europe may wish or do, the treaties ot 1815 have ceased to exist." We have heard those worde already uttered on several solemn circumstances. - Whatever may lap. pen, the doom of the treaties of 1815 is pronounced M. LavaHee has only summed up the case, merely stated the points of right and fact. But it is else where than his book that we shall be able to find any future information respecting the time and the moans of execution. The celebrated traveller and naturalist Junghuhn, well known for his curious researches on botany, fossils, and ethnography, has just died at Java. His agitated life did not shake his love for science. He was at first a surgeon in the Prussian army, but having been condemned to twenty years in prison in consequence of a duel, he made his escape and went to Algeria, where he acted as medical assistant i❑ the Fore;gn Legion. He joined subsequently the Dutch service. He had gathered a multitude of observations, which he published in several works. lie was only 52 years of age. The market has been less firm than yesterday, and the arrival of lower quotations from England has been fo;lovved by a retrograde movement here. Threes, for the Account, have receded to 65fr 60c, and Mohilier to 1,043 fr. Railway Shares quiet, with but trifling variation in prices. The market closed as follows : 4i per Cents. .. 93 25 Italian Loan 6g 65 00. ead month.... Do. end month 69 80 3 per Cents Do. end month.... 65 75 New Mexican .... 56 25 Credit Mobilier....loso Russian D Do. end r n0n th....1 0 5 ) Austrian Bank , Shares 3305 Spanish Threes... 51 50 "1- Credit 1 , oncior •.•.1240 Roman RA IL Home Debt - Deferred 'Art. Cash. Account. Orleans•• •ar 6it ... B6O 862 50 Northern Lyons and Yieditsrmasan 877 50 .. 889 Now ditto Southern tlTcstern .... Eastern .... Sardinian ....... • . . • Austrian Lorrbard ........ North of Spain .... Saragossa Ditto to Barcelona . 64.5 500 463 :, 75 .. 465 365 :365 402 50 n . 405 627 50 .. 530 428 75 '.. 430 560 662 50 257 50 .. 252 50 .. 645 - His Holiness the Pope. The following is the text of the reply made by the Pope to the congratulatory address delivered by Cardinal Mattei, on the occasion of the anniversary of the Pontiff's accession :—" The crown which the Lord has deigned to place on the head of the most humble of his servants has became the object of the plots and artifices of the enemies of the Holy See. One part of those adversaries have never belonged to the Church against which they wage an implacable war; another part, after having had the happiness of being born within its pale, have abandoned it to make common cause with the former. By both of them all means of attack are considered good, per secutions, violence, falsehoods, and calumnies. Like Absolom at the gates of Jerusalem, they constantly repeat that if the crown, of which they wish to de spoil the Vicar of Jesus Christ, stood on another head, justice would be better dispensed, the people would become freer and happier, and the golden age would age in flourish for all. I need not point out the gross errors with which such reasoning abounds. May those who make use of them have the heart pierced not with the spear which went through that of Absalom, but by a ray of divine grace, which would make them aware of the iniquity of their actions, and show them the abyss of the eternity which they approach, blind'and deaf, without per ceiving the brink of it. And you who faithfully assist me either in the administration of the shred of state which has been left to me, or in the more difficult one of the universal church, continue to assist me with your fidelity and your devotedness. I do not arrogate to myself the gift of prophecy, but although I do not see in the horizon any gleam of hope or any probability of human essistatice, I nevertheless think I can sffirm that our sufferings, our resignation, and our prayers will in the end merit for us from God those mercies which he is sometimes long in granting, but which he never re fuses to those who area Him with fear and love." The Alabama and the Kearsage. The France publishes the subjoined correspon , deuce :-- "The captain of the Kearsage has just addressed the fol lowing letter to M. Buntils, commercial agent of the Ala bama. claiming as his prisoners the persons belonging to the latter vessel who were saved by pilot boats, The appli , cation raises a question of international law which would not be one according to the principles adopted in Franco. A prisoner of war who escapes and succeeds in touching the French soil is undoubtedly free ; neither can a foreign vessel of war have prisoners on board when she is in French waters. But it appears that the Washington Cabinet does not admit those principles ; at least that would seem to be the case from the letter of the captain of the Kearsage. The reply made to him appears to us to be decisive. The following are the letters which have been exchanged on the subject. The first is that addressed to M. Bonfils " 'United States Steamship Kaarsage, Cherbourg, June 21. " Sir,—Certain pilot boats which out of humanity I allowed to save several prisoners when the Alabama sank carried them to Cherbourg. Those officers and seamen are not the less subject to the obligations imposed by the laws of war ; they are ray prisoners, and I demand that they should be sent as such on board the Kearaage. In case they should endeavour to escape those obligations under favour of the means which have been employed, they must not in any similar case expect mercy.—l am, Zoe., " J. A. WrNsLow.' The following reply was sent : " Sir,--I have received your letter of 21st; the object of your claim is one of those over which I can exercise no con trol, and I must observe that your application ought to have been addressed to the French Government, with whom those unfortunate men have found refuge. lam not aware of any law of war which world prevent a soldier from escaping from a field of battle after defeat, even should he have been already made prisoner; and I do not see why a sailor ph , uld not be able to do the same by swimming. I must refuse to act as your intermediary with certain persons whom you do not even name, and whom you nevertheless claim as being your prisoners. Neither can I comprehend how the United States authorities can pretend to retain prisoners within the limits of the French Empire—l am, &c., " BoNrim,' " ABOLITION OF TURNPIKES.—Toaday, at noon, the new Act 26 and 27 Vic., cap. 78, came into opera tion, and London has been relieved from an intolerable nuisance iu the shape of the toll •bars which arrested the traveller in whatever direction he might happen to be going. For some years past Mr. J. E. Bradfield, the Parliamentary agent, assisted by many of the large firms engaged in com merce, has directed his artillery against those ugly struc tures, and at last they have laden before the heavy firing. The Act, at one fell sweep, abolishes 81 gates and bars. These comprise those of NV alham-green and Earls-court, and all gates and side-bars in the Fulham district; Hammersmith, Notting-hill, and all side-bars in Kensington and Hammer smith; Harrow-road, Kilburn, and all gates and side-bars ; King's-road gate, Camden Town; High-street, Chalk Farm; Haverstock-hill gate, and all gates and side-bars in the Camden Town district; Brecknock gate, and all gates and side-bars in the Camden•road ; the gate in Kentish Town-road, and all gates and side bars near and at Gloucester-place; Holloway-road, Balls Pond, and all gates and side-bars in that district ; Kingsland-road, Cam. bridge Heath, Hackney, and all gates and side-bars in Hackney, Clapton, and Stoke Newington; and all gates and bars in Twickenham and Teddington ; the City-road, and all gates and side-bars. Under the Act a great reduction of tolls will take place in the several dis tricts of Hounslow, Brentford, Ealing, Uxbridge, Harrow, Edgeware, Tottenham, Enfield, Edmonton, Lea Bridge road, and other places. The attention of Mr Bradfield and the abolitionists is now directed to the toll gates on the Surrey side, and they are in communication ha w anr i e l h ettn T e . aun G rd : Grey, the Home Secretary, on the subject. Sam . e . o . l these tells, especially in Itotherhithe, Bermondsey, rounding districts, are of a most vexatious c are a great impediment to the operations of the large firms carrying on business there. For some time past Mr. H. P. Chandler, of Berners-street, has called the attention of the medi cal faculty, and such portion of the public as it may concern, to his improvements in surgical appliances for the treat ment of spinal and other deformities. Mr. Chandler has for some years devoted his entire study to this most im portant branch of surgery, anal if we may judge from the testimonials from the most eminent of the faculty, as also f rom patients who have been treated on his plan, hie labours have not been in vain. No disease is more afflicting than bodily distortion, and from the vast number of deformed persons to be met with, it is evident that this important matter has been much neglected both by parents and the faculty, doubtless from the ineffi c'eLoY of the surgical appliances and the complicated cha racter of the iron instruments which were in use until the past few years to remedy such bodily deformities, far which Mr Chandler's scientific and anatomical appliances are specially designed sad so successfully applied. The chest expanding brace is an excellent invention, and is designed to correct stooping habits, applicable to both sexes from the most tender age, and is recommended to all who would acquire a ccrrcot carriage and a graceful figure. -~ - „ firsnlar ) 4 HER MAJESTY, WINDSOR CASTLE, June 29. The Queen, accompanied by her Royal Highness the Princess Louis of Hesse, walked and drove in the grounds this morning. Their Royal Highnesses Princess Helena, Prin cess Louise, and Prince Louis of Hesse, rode on horseback, attcnded by the Hon. Horatia Stopford and Lieutenant-Colonel the Hon. D. de Ros. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and P r incess Louis of Hesse and Princess Helens, attended by Lady Caroline Barrington, the Hon. Harriet Phipps, Lieutenant-Colonel the Hon. D. de Roe, Madlle. de Grancy, and Captain von Westerwelltr, left the Castle this evening forl.lacliingharn Palace Earl Russell arrived at the Castle, and had an audience of the Queen. Her Majesty afterwards gave audience to General Negrete, Minister Plenipotentiary from S9lvador, who was presented to the Queen by Earl Russell. Lord de Tabley and Colonel the Hon, A, Liddell were the Lord and Groom in Waiting, The Prince and Princess of Wales. The Prince of Wales presided at the halt'-yearly meeting of the governors of the Wellington College, held yesterday forenoon in the Fine Arts Commis• sion Room at the New Palace of Westminster. The Prince and Princess of Wales, went in the afternoon to the training.grouud of the Royal and Hon. Artillery Company, where his Royal Highness inspected the corps. Her Royal Highness the Princess Zof Wales presented new colours to the regiment. Their royal highnesses were accompanied by the PrEce and Princess of Leiningen, and attended by the Marchioness of Carmarthen, Lieutenant- General Knollys, and Lieutenant• Colonel Kew!. Visit of the Prince and Princess of WaleS to Harrow School—This day. The Prince and Princess of Wales left London this morning on a visit to Harrow, to listen to the speeches wLich are annually delivered in the cele brated school there. In the afternoon their Royal Highnesses will meet a distinguished party at the head master's house, including most probably Lord Palmerston, one of the governors ; the Archbishop of Canterbury (who was formerly head master of the school) ; Sir Robert Peel, Bart., ALP., and Lady Emily Peel, &.2. Their Royal Highnesses will return to town about 7 o'clock. State Ball at Buckingham Palace, By command of the Queen a State Ball was givan last evening at Bucltingham Palace, to which a party of between 1,700 and 1,800 was invited. The Royal Body Guard of the Yeomen of the Guard, with their officers, Lieut.-Col. Cooke, the Ensign, and Lieut.-Col. Patterson, the Exon in Waiting, were on duty in the interior of the Palace. A Guard of Honour of the Foot Guards was mounted it front of the Palace. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Wales, escorted by a squadron of the Royal Horse Guards, and attended by the Marchioness of Carmarthen, the Hon. Mrs. Stonor, Earl Spencer, the Earl of Mount Edgcumbe, Lord Harris, Lieut.- Col. Keppel, and Mr. C. L. Wood, arrived at the Palace from Marlborough House at 10 o'clock. Their Royai Highnesses the Duchess of Cam.. bridge and Princess Mary arrived from St. James's Palace, attended by the Countess Spencer and Capt. Ellis. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge arrived, attended by his Equerries. Th. Pfir.ce and Princes) of Wales, accompanied by their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse, her Royal Highness the Princess Helena, their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cambridge and Princess Mary, and his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, conducted by Viscount Sydney, the Lord Chamberlain, and attended by the Ladies and Gentlemen in Waiting, entered the ball-room soon after 10 o'clock. Her Royal Highness the Princess of Wales wore a dress of black silk, csvered with black and white tulle, handsomely trimmed with rich Brussels lace flowers of mountain ash and lilies; tiara of dia• monds; necklace, brooch, and earrings of diamonds, Her Royal Highness the Princess Louis of Hesse wore a lilac tulle skirt over a lilac silk petticoat, with ruches of white . and lilac tulle; a top skirt of white tulle with silver embroidery, and trimmed with passion flowers. Head. dress, a net of dia• monds and passion flowers; brooch and earrings, emeralds and diamonds; necklace, pearls, with emerald and diamond ornaments. Her Royal Highness the Princess Helena wore a dress of green fulls and crape over glace silk, trimmed with pink roses and lilies of the valley. fiead•dress of roses and lillies of the valley, and diamond ornaments and orders. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge wore a dress of violet satin with Honiton lace. Diadem of pearls and diamonds; stomacher, neck. lace, and earrings of pearls and diamonds. Her Royal Highness the Princess Mary wore a blue tulle dress over blue glace silk, trimmed with bouquets of pink roses E nd silver wheatears, covered with a silver tulle veil. Head dress, a diadem of diamonds, with silver wheatears and pink roses ; stomacher, necklace, and earrings of diamonds. Prir.ce and Princess Gargarine have arrived in London from the Hotel Mirabeau, Paris. The Archbishop of York and Mrs Thomson en- tertained at dinner, yesterday evening, at their residence ill Btlgravc-equare, the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Earl and Lady Constance Grosvenor, Viscount and Viscountess Stratford do Redoliffe, Viscount and Viscountess Nevill, the Bishop of Oxford, Lord and Lady Wenlock, Sir John and Lady B. Johnstone, Sir Witlam and Lady Payne Gall wey, Mr Christopher Sykes and Miss Sykes. The Marquis and Marchioness of Normanby, Earl A.luigrave, Lady Catherine Phipps, and Lady Laura Phipps have left the Queen's Hotel, Upper Norwood, for Mulgrave Castle, Whitby. The Marquis Mtgliorati, Italian Ambassador to South America, has left the Hotel Mirabeau, Paris, for Lima, by way of Southampton. Miss Kate Gordon's second morning corrcert took place yesterday at Collard's Concert Rooms, Gros vr- sTtrheeet,caonndceartttreaocmtemd pianoforteeanvceerdywcritohwdaed all cf at its close Mr George Perron, Mr Renwick, and Miss Gordon, to which ample justice was don m e, is a s n z d of sa ti t s h fa e c:tion b . . es . t son gs, The principal k w i h n i s c o h n gave contributed the gr some ee s t fashionable solo audi ence.by for pianoforte, clarionet, and viola — Mozart--by Miss Kate instrum ntalperformances were ttle Trio in E Flat" (0p.14) Gordon, Mr. Lazarus, and Mr. H. Webb ; and Mozart's ” " Morceau de Concert," for two pian os , f rom " .Tuan"—Mies Kate Gordon and Herr Lehmeyer. These two compositions elicited, as they deserved, the loudest applause, and we cannot close our brief notice of the pleasant performance without awarding great praise to Miss Gordon. Her touch was good and her taste unexceptionable. TIIS CITY COMPANIES.—Non-citizens have very little knowl e d ge o f t h ese compan i es : they hear ova bionally that the Prince of Wales dines with one company. Garibaldi with a second, some other celebrated personage with a third, and so on ; and that the companies contribute liberally to various benevolent institutions, besides main taining almshouses for decayed persons. But beyond these limits, little is popularly known of the companies. The truth is, there is little to know. The companies have out lived the purposes for which they were originally chartered. Each was intended to regulate some particular trade at a time when unfettered commerce was little thought about. It was believed in the days of the Edwards and Henrys that there ought be some central authority in each trade, to determine wages, prices, quality of goods, quantity of work done in a particular time, number of persons free of the craft, number of apprentices, and other such matters. We now know that these things are hest left to manage themselves; but it was a well-meant and perhaps beneficial system in those days. Wealthy citizens left estates to the companies to which they belonged, for appropriation generally to the needs of the poorer members of the craft. These estates have now become enormously valuable; and as the com panies have very few trade privileges to exercise, or trade duties to fulfil, the annual revenues are mainly spent in charities and in feastings. Parliament has sometimes talked of interfering in the matter but walnut effect, for the estates are really and legally vest e d i n th e companies. Aany readers wit! be surprised to hear that there are 80 city companies, established to control as many different trades,--Once c Week,