The Sun. — London, England, 1863-08-12 00:00:00

RICHARD MONCKTON AIILNES, Ar.p.- Poor John Bull —Thoughts in a Crowd — in FUN th i s week. One Penny NE THEATRE -ROYAL, ADELpHi._ Sole Proprietor and Manazer. M'. B. Webster. THIS EVENING. THE IRISH TIGER. After which, at Eight o'clock, a new drama, entitled THE ; OR, T eel , : GHOST'S BARGAIN, in 'TAUNTED ich will b exh ibit e d Professor Pepper's adaptat!on of t wh he G re at J . ctra l Illusion. Messrs. J. L. Toole , it. Phillips Sefton. C. J. Sm ith ; Mrs. Alfred Mellon and Mies H. Simms. ' Followed by a new Burlesque, entitled ILL-TREATED IL TROVATORE. Messrs. Took, P. Bedford, R. Phillips, I,:bnrne, C. J. Smith, Romer ; the Sisters Nelson, Carry and Sara, and Miss K. Kelly. Commence at 7. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Manager, Mr. W. H. Swanborough. To-NIGHT WHILE THERE'S LIFE THERE'S HOPE. 3lessrs. W. H. Swanborough. Parselle, Vollaire, G. Honey; Misses Ada Swanborough, L. Thorne, F. Hughes, Manders, and E. Button. Followed by (22cl time) THE MOTTO, ALL THERE." Messrs. Honey, Turner, E. Danvers, Collier, Clifton ; Mesdames Ada Swanborough, F. Josephs., Maria Simpson. Wallace, and Jenny White. To conclude with KEEP YOUR TEMPER. Commence at 7. rpHE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," Containing the Latest SPORTING DTTELLIGENCE, 2an be had Every Evening of G. R. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. TFrls DA T.—Morning, 12h. 44m.—Afternoon, lh. 10m. To-moßßovr.-Morning, lh. 30m.—Afternoon. lh. 50m. The Weather—Sun Office, Aug. 12, 1863. .creased, sceptre—order maintained, commerce it agriculture advanced, territories (we need not again say how) extended, glory and influene/ 3 regained and enhanced, both at the council boar d and upon the battle-field. All these recognition! of the past are expressed, inarticulately, but quite compreben sibly, in the shouts of welcome gre , sting NAPO LEON 111. as he traverses France, as be did the other day, when he rapidly passed through tb.r, enthusi astic population of Normandy. But re is more than this recognition of his past in the se acclama tions I There are audible, to our thy' ,nking, none the less clearly in them—hopesi aspirations, encouragement to him in regard to the future. And the duration of his p - )pu'arity , the perpetua tion of his dynastic power, are dep indent upon his justification of those hopes, upor. his fulfilment of these generous aspirations, upon his boldness and resolution in acting—at length.—in answer to that appreciable encouragement,. He has spoken himself, plainly and, more than once, about "crowning of the edifice.' The crowning of the edifice as promised by hi'm, and as understood by others, has barely yet commenced. The EMPEROR has probably—we do earnestly hope that he has —many years yet before him. But—he is now already in his fifty-sixth year. Austria herself gives good augury, nowadays, of going before him in the development of a despotic into a Constitutional Government. Festina lente may be a very good rule to begin with. But the tim e arrives, at last, when it becomes tedious. Theae is an intere:iting letter in the Times of yesterday on the subject of Transportation. It is written by Mr. GRELLET, and he ably demonstrates 1 some of the errors that exist on this subject. He states that " the people of the sister colonies assume the right of dictating to the Western Australians what they shall and what they shall not do. The colony is not to continue a penal settlement, simply because they do not please it shall ; then the mother country is openly threatened if the Government do not accede to their wishes," It is observed that the Western Australians have asked the Government for convict labour, to supply the want of that labour which the other colonies had taken from them. There is much force in the argument that transpor tation has not injured the other colonies, and it is added that the inhabitants of Portsmouth, Port land, Chatham, Pentonville, &c., have more reason to complain of the system than these objecting colonies. When it is taken into consideration that the nearest of these colonies is by land one thousand and five hundred miles distant, across an impassable country, it seems really absurd to inter pose such obstacles. When the scheme is one that is sure to be the means of conferring immense benefits on numbers who now are driven into the commission of crime, it is really wrong to use such a frivolous pretext, and to create so many difficulties in the way of improve ment. It is quite impossible for the convicts to make their way by land to the other colonies, and by sea the stringent regulations laid down render that also out of the question. No man can land from any part of Western Austra lia without producing a passport to prove that he has never been a criminal ; the master of any vessel who takes such passengers is fined for each in the sum of a hundred pounds. Therefore, with such precautions, it must be evident that the only evil to be complained of or dreaded cannot possibly occur to these complaining colonies. Since transporta tion to Western Australia took place more than thirteen years ago, only between forty and fifty men have been lost, and of these it could not be proved by contending parties, before the " Transportation Commission," that six even had arrived on their confines. Also there is very little communication between Western Australia and the other colonies. With Sydney they were years without having any communication at all, and with Adelaide only four or five times a year is there any traffic. Mr- GRELLET emphatically contradicts the statement that was made by Mr. EBDEN to the effect that " sixteen ticket-of-leave men were shipped off to Wanguini, by the authorities of West Austra lia." He says that such an occurrence never took place. He cannot recall an in stance of a vessel clearing for New Zealand. There is no trade with the c3untry. In referring to a remark made by another disputant, that "he did not object to West Australia having these ras cals, if she only kept them," Mr. GRELLET states that that is all they desire, and that they have no doubt of keeping them, but also hope to reform them. " The other colonies are frightened at a shaelow, and make all sorts of loose statements, but do not substantiate one." Mr. GRELLET next at temps to show that there are great inducements for these men to remain where they are, and that it is their interest and intention to do so. In the first place they are all well aware of the penalties that are entailed upon them if they seek to land in other colonies, and also the obstacles in their way. When a man has gained his ticket-of-leave he may take service, or enter into business on his own account ; and numbers of these men are comfortably settled, and are landowners in the colony. Of course, with all these advantages, they have no wish to move ; and why should they do so, since the utmost they could expect in distant colonies would not be any greater prosperity than They have where they are. Men whose wits are sharpened by their mode of life, and who have gained experience in a hard school, will not be slow to find out that, should they escape detection, the chances are all against their succeed ing so well in other places. The want of employ ment which has been talked of Mr. GRELLET declares to be the argument of those who are in total ignorance of the place and its sources. "Our minerals,""are of as gr ea t extent, and as rich the other colonies ; th e y h ave no a s any he of says, timber to compete with our enormous forests." The pasture land, he adds, is daily being increased, and as the boundaries of West Australia include some thing more than 640,000,000 acres of land, but a tithe of which is as yet explored, ho truly says that " it is rather presumptuous to declare they cannot employ the few that are at present proposed to be sent to them." The roads, also, they hope to have made by convicts, and then they can employ more men than the home country can send them. Mr. GRELLET concludes his admirable letter by asking whether for a crotchet of the other colonies the men are to be cast back " into a state of crime whence there is no escape but transportation, thus keeping uP the number of criminals, and begetting a class of j uv enile offenders which in time take their place." w u " BteruA Australians will also be d e priv e d of the only labour they can retain. Th e case seems clearl y , ae out on the side o f retain ing the eetviet, is greatly to be hop t e l a Western Australia, and it may instead o f di m i n i s hi ng their ;lumb ers they yhse subject increased. AU the evidence taken.ou this thatiect afrom home mr: persons of all ki nds that vanish best qualified t o j udge prov es arc exposed to temptations in the distant land beyond the sea s to whi c h t h ey , and privati on i s are sent. Employment i s certain next to impossible in consequence ; thus two mat ev ils abounding in this country are u ""n• It teems almost incredible that ptrsons will persist from prtjudice in throwing obstacles :n the way of he cchetitica cf thew ca;r. They ar r dooming them to that second state of guilt which is worse than the first ; they are injuring society at home, and endangering the safety and risking the property of many. They are also inflicting losses on their sister colony by depriving them of useful labour, and throwing away the chance of conferring a double boon on those who employ and those who serve. It is to be hoped that a better understand ing will be come to on this point, and that no stop page will be put to a system which has been seen to possess so many and such vast advantages to all classes. We are not surprised that the verdict of the jury at the inquest held on the victims to the late rail way accident is severe and uncompromising in its character. The experience of the last few years has been so disastrous with respect to excursion trains that there is some danger of that pleasant summer arrangement, by which the dwellers in town 3 who are tco poor or too busy to leave their places of business for long are enabled to get a peep at the fresh green fields or to breathe the sea breezes. The system has hitherto been advantageous to both sides, benefiting the public health and improving the receipts of the shareholders. A series of start ling catastrophes have somewhat diminished its popularity, but it seems that with due care and precaution excursion trains might be even safer than those ordinarily running from the lesser speed re quired. Wean remember the terrible disaster which two years ago threw a gloom over one of the most popular and busy of the excursion lines. There were not wanting moralists who pointed to it as a warning against Sunday travelling. But before many days had passed, while every incident of the first tragedy was fresh in our minds, came a second shock, this time occurring on a week day. The moralists were silenced, but the general feelings of alarm, sorrow, and indignation were very loudly expressed. All sorts of improvements and cautions were suggested, apparently with good effect, for the various companies, who no doubt shared fully in the general regret and consternation, have guarded against a repetition of such catastrophes. This season, however, has not been brought to a close without disaster. An accident has converted a pleasure expedition into a journey to death and suffering; and although it might have occurred to any ordinary passenger train, there are some points about it which reflect upon the management of excursion trains. The accident foretold so long ago by a sceptical inquirer to the great founder of our railway system, and treated by him with quiet contempt, has verified the justice of the objection in a manner that no one in this generation antici pated. A bullock straying on the line was the cause of the disaster by which four persons have lost their lives, and eleven have been seriously injured. The engine, though thrown into the air by the shock, again alighted on the rails, followed by the three next carriages. The fourth carriage, as is not sur prising, got off the line, taking with it the two third-class carriages immediately behind it. These carriages, inferior in price, were also, it seems, inferior in quality, and the shock, which did not materially affect the one, dashed the other to pieces. This is a point which the directors of every line would do well to look to. People expect less accommodation when paying a less furt., but they do not expect increased risk to life and limb. The second and third-class carriages should be made as secure from accident as the first, and the public are not prepared to admit that one man's life is worth less than another because his purse is lighter. The jury alluded to the state of the carriages in strong terms, and it is certainly much to be regretted that such weak and fragile constructions should have been put upon an excursion line. Another serious mistake was the one so very frequently committed by the arrangers of the time tables, although it is a mistake to which the greater part of our excursion accidents are due. The trains followed each other in such quick suc cession that, although the danger was detected be fore the shock came, the driver could not stop, the next train being close behind him. A quarter of an hour's difference between two heavily laden trains subject to fluctuations of speed from various causes, occasions a serics of risks which no railway author': tics are entitled to run. low often would five or ten minutes' difference in the starting of the trains have saved many precious lives, and spared years of suffering. There would never be an excuse for putting so many lives in jeopardy for the sake of saving a few minutes, but if a reason for it could ever be found it would certainly not exist on an excursion day when the time of the travellers is of very little value. The chief cause of the disaster was, however, the defective state of the fences along the line. It seems that the constructors had trusted in that flat marshy country, to the ditches and dykes beside of the low fences, to keeping off intruders. This was certainly not wise, as the event has too surely proved. A matter of such vital importance should never be in any way dependent upon circumstances and chance. As is always the case after an accident of any kind has occurred, there are plenty of persons ready to come forward and testify their perception of the danger, and it certainly seems strange that no steps should have been taken to avert the disaster. Every driver and guard who passed along the line must have seen the state of the ditches, every farmer or farmer's man, who drove sheep or cattle off the line, must have known of the risk. it would not have been too much to expect that some of the railway officials might have remembered how much was left to the protection of the dykes, which the state of the surrounding country might have re minded them were liable to be affected by the wea ther. But so it is. What is everyone's business is no one's ; what was safe yesterday will pass muster to-day, and nothing is done till some startling disastefadds another to the long list of railway tragedies. such events are to be regretted by the shareholders as much as by the prin cipal sufferers. Not only do they cost them large sums for compensation, but they damage the re ceipts and shake the confidence the public are very willing to place in the direction of our railway travelling. In the cause of humanity, as well as to n o l t o he ok i r 0 0 l o w s n o yi intore s a t l e l , m t he at t o e ffi r s c i a a ff l s e c t a i r o e gcalledt the safety upon and efficiency of their line ; and although the recent disaster has brought upon one company a censure, it is to be hoped that others will take every pre caution in their power to prevent the repetition of the calamity, ROYAL GALLERY OF ILLUSTRATION.—The Gal lery of Illustration is announced to close on the 20th of this month, when there w;11 be both a morning and an evening's entertainment. The season has been very pros perous. Mr. Reed takes " The Charming Cottage" into the provinces, and will be accompanied by Mr. John Parry, who intends to repeat his very successful dcauetic scene, "Mrs. Roseleaf's Little Evening Party." _ _ _ - - MR. BEVERLEY, the score painter, recently had four water-colour drawings sent by him to Colnaghi's, these four being at once eagerly bought up at 150 guineas each! The marriage of M. Chas. de Mouy, Attache to the Minister for Foreign Affairs, with Madlle. Amet, granddaughter of the Duchess d'Abrante:es, was celebrated last week before a large and distinguished circle at the church of St. Philippe du Roule. M. de Mouy's book, entitled " Philippe 11. et Don C ar l os ," was , a few days r2l prior to his marriage, crowned by the AcadLaie z cn ; atae as beibg one of the cleverest tvlrs that had for 4GIIIO time ma d e its appearazce, THERMOMETER. This morninz This day at Two o'clock 73 Barometer-30.33. Wind--N.-W. ; light, and fine. • Nr i 4 n! S 4l ti .. .1.5.44.**N LONDON, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 12, 1863 Throughout these last fourteen years and eight months, during which France has had her present ruler at the head of the Government —for exactly one "lustre" as PRESIDENT, for nearly eleven years as EMPEROR—that ruler has often been welcomed with enthusiasm by the peasantry and by the provin cial middle-classes, but never with more earnest or more heartfelt acclamations than those which have just greeted him in his short and rapid journey through a portion of Normandy. Of itself this re ception is a reward to NAPOLEON 111. But it was intended to be far more than that, we feel perfectly well satisfied. It was designed, of course, or we are much mistaken, to be accepted by the EMPEROR as a recognition of good services done by him to France in certain material respects, if not as yet assuredly in the rapid development of liberal institutions under the imperial regime, if not in the concession of greater freedom in writing and in speaking, among the journalists and among the occupants of the legislative tribune, at any rate in the encouragement afforded to the arts and sciences, in the development of commerce, in the extension of the railway system, and of the parallel system of instantaneous telegraphy. - Wherever in France the Emperor NAPOLEON 111, receives anything in the w ay of a more than ordinarily cordial reception, we may rest assured of this, that it is due to the popu lar sense of the material advantages secured to the French nation under his rule, through the vigorous maintenance of order under his powerful and vigi lant Government. None the less vivid is the appre ciation by the French multitude of the material advantages thus secured to them by the reigning Emperor, because the internal prosperity of France during the last decade of his reign has been accom panied by a revival of her influence far and wide among the nations of Christendom. The recovery of her influence, that is among the councils of Europe, by means of a foreign policy—designed and carried out from first to last by the EMPEROR himself—combining with it (this astute policy), alternately or simultaneously, an extraor dinary amount of prudence, boldness, tact, energy, ductility or plasticity, according to the exigencie; of the moment, and yet evidencing throughout none the less remarkably a marvellous tenacity or fixity of purpose. Even when, to use the very mildest phrase, the least scrupulous in his mode of advanc ing the material interests of France through the medium of his diplomacy, the EMPEROR, while alienating the feelings of other countries in regard to himself and his policy, has so far directly thereby appealed to the amour propre of the nation he governs (ever handling the reins of his autho rity the while with a grasp of iron in a glove of silk), that he has actually at those very times contrived to enhance his reputation at home at the very moment of his marring it abroad. Perhaps the most flagrant illustration of this, yet recorded in his history, is that furnished by the little episode closing the Italian war—the incident which, while mulcting Italy of Savoy and Nice, so far compensated France for the blood and gold squandered by her in the deliverance of Lombardy from the Austrians (so far, at least, as any nation could bo " compensated" in that way for such services), by the absorption of those very territories within the line of the French frontiers, An overwhelming majority of the French popula tion, if not actually the whole of the French mul titude:together, forgave the scandal of the "sharp practice," for the fact of:that territorial aggrandise ment. Materially, in effect, France has prospered, is prospering under the rule of the French EMPEROR. In her commerce, that is ; in her agriculture ; in her manufactures ; in the restoration of her high autho rity among the nations of the earth at the council board of Christendom ; and—as indicated in the Questionable little incident just referred to—by the actual increase of the French dominions. 4- duri ng or two France has had, it is true, these last ten years of her present ruler's rein as EMPEROR. This—in spite of his peaceable programme at Bordeaux , epitomised, la P a i s e, in a phrase—" L'Empire c'est war with /8„1 ":' s :! l' a t r , with Russia—in the Crimea. A c - r 7in Lombardy. A war in China, again, as i n the rcea, side by s id e w ith Eagland— in armed alliance, ar in Morocco. A war— entirelylast of all, in an l 141 new direction—in Mexi co . Threatcnings, but war large or small rto only threatenings, of , , b ay , excited by NAFOLEWB polio been at other times the various parts of the y giy6ls:l ,aessiiaon i w re li v er b e rie t tft h syef a l n in dicated. Bold that polio be whenever any one of these N , in the length to be fairly n a ve u ar t a has come But bolder still than his for e i tea ' upon. g : b ee n the EMPEROR'S home p o li es 013c:11 sl°7 has ,Answe r us whether it has been so or not 11111: 7* " r' c oE T,EN 1 You who as a dispassionate witn ess n at t es t that this desp otic ruler of France was the , nun t o recognise the wisdom of the Free Trade p r i n .. otple4, and, on recognising that truth, to a d apt these privciples boldly to the future regulation, to the veritable transformation, at a stroke of the p en plex system of French as it were, to the whole coni commerce. Whenever NAPOLEON W. is received with more than lanai cordiality by th e 17 " nch multitude, that reception is attributable no longer to the mere glamour of the glorious name the EMPEROR bears. These acclama tions are awarded to him not alone as a NAPOLEON, as the EMPEROR, as the living chief of the imperial dynasty founded by the most wonderful man of modern times—they apply to a very consider able extent to himself individually. They are recogaitiona of all he has done to France, muse he ascended the throne and grasped the THE SUN, LONDON; WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 12, 1863, LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTER'S TELEGIIAM) THE POLISH INSURRECTION. CRACOW, AUG. 12. Up to the present the expected battle in the Palatinate of Lublin has not taken place. The news of the victory of the insurgents under Chruscina, at Poiicna, upon the Ch and sth inst., and of the concentration of troops in Lublin has been confirmed. The insurgents under Caner attacked a squadron of Uhians on the Bzh inst. at Raszyn, near War saw, liberating a convoy of prisoners. The Uhlans fled to Warsaw. - Grabowski suffered a defeat on the 7th inst., near Gradzisli. FRANCE. PARIS, AUG. 12. The Semaphore of Marseilles has received a first warning for having published false news calculated to lead public opinion astray, by its announcement of an exchange of letters between the Emperor of the French and the Emperor of Russia, which, as it is officially stated, has never taken place. BOURSE, Aug. 11.—The market has been rather firmer, and the business done, though I.mited in amount, shows a slight improvement. Threes, for the Account, aro now at 67f. 30c. The Railway Share Market has been also more animated, and previous prices have been well maintained. The market continued to improve to the close, and left off as follows : It per Cents. . . 96 40 Italian Loan 72 Do. end month.... Do. end month — 3 per Cents Do. end month.... 67 45 Do, end month — Credit I\l obilier... , 1075 -- Russian Do, end m0nih....1072 50 Austrian Bank Shares 8365 -- Spanish Threes. n Credit k oncier 1245 Rome Debt .. lIAILWAY 6 • Cash. Account. Orleanm lOl5 .. 1015 Northern .... New ditto - Lyons and Mediterranean 1025 .. 1020 Grmnva 4SB 75 .. 490 Southern Western Eastern ... , Sardinian. ......... Austrian Lotrhard , 548 75 .. 546 25 North of Spain Saragossa 686 25 .. 682 50 D'' dtto to Barcelona . POLAND. (PROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) CRACOW, Aug. S. One of the most effective arms used by the Rus sian Government to provoke the Poles into acts of desperation, and at the same time to deceive Europe as to the real facts, is the official press. I have now before me the last numbers of two official papers of Warsaw and Wilna, the Dziennik Poteezechny and the Kuryer IFilenski. The former of these publishes a number of loyal addresses to the Czar, purporting to proceed from various dis tricts of the empire. To say nothing of the unneces sary provocation involved in the publication of such addresses in a Polish paper, they are couched in such fulsome terms that they bear the marks of fabrication on the face of them. Thus one, stated to be signed by " the Landowners, zajsangs, and clergy of the Calmouck people" declares that they are " quite happy under the wise rule of the Rus sian law," and that " the Polish rebellion lies on their hearts like a stone ;" but that " all this is but a trial, which will En d in placing Russia higher than all the nations in the world," and that " they (the Calmoucks) are ready to sacrifice everything for the prosperity of Russia and the peace of the Czar, which is dearer to them than anything on earth." In another, the inhabitants, of all trades and professions, of the town of Barnaul, in the Go comment of Tomsk, are made to say that "they live at a distance of 4,000 versts from St. Peters burg, at the foot of the frozen Altar Mountains," that "their love for the Czar is boundless," and that "should the hostility of foreigners compel the Czar to have recourse to arms, they are ready to make all sacrifice•" But it is in the Wilna Courier that the provo cation assumed an aspect of brutal insult, which must be bitterly galling to the Poles. The hosti- lity of the inhabitants of this city to the Russians is well known, Scarcely one of them but has suffered, directly or indirectly, by the terrible per secutions of the tyrant Mouravieff. Wilna is the headquarters of the Lithuanian insurrection, all the women wear mourning, and the whole city has now for many months pr esen ted en aspect of sorrow and desolation. Appare ntl y this was not to the taste of Empress's birthday on th e 3d by grandtions, on which o ccas i on t h e theatre Mouraveiff, for be gave orders for the c e l e b rat i on fete e t the diilu illuminations, was to be opened for the first time since the begin ning of the insurrection. The following is the official description of this fete, as given in the Courier : yesterday, on the 22d July (August 3), it being the glorious anniversary of the birth of her Majesty the Empress Maria Atexandrowna, his excellency G ener al Mouravieff 11. dei gne d to receive • • the congratulations of the clergy, the civil a n d m ili tart' employ e , the nobles, the merchants, an d t h e representatives of the townsmen. Af ter t hi s Alex ander, Bishop of Kowno, offi c i a t e d at the holy , liturgy, and his eminence Joseph, Metropolitan of Lithuania, said the prayers of thanksgiving, in pre sence of the President of the country, all the gene rals, military and civil employ6s, all the nobles, the merchants, and large crowds of people. After prayers for the long life of ner Imperial Majesty and her family, a salvo of 101 guns was fired from the cita del. When the ecclesiastical parade, at which were s oldiers, those all answered with hurrah. The adjoining squares aep congratulated t taun t l da h tece troops,cordial dthiael and streets, which were filled with people, re sounded with the shou:s with which they responded to the hurrahs of the valiant soldiers. . . In the evening all parts of the town were illuminated, and crowds passed through the streets, rejoicing at the unusual sight. The churches were illuminated with great artistic taste. "In the theatre the performances commenced with the national hymn, ' God save the Emperor,' which the enthusiastic au di ence encore d ; when it was finished the roof of the building long re-echoed with unanimous hurrahs. All who were present were in holiday attire. The threatre was full. All the places were taken. The toilettes of the ladies were remarkable for their elegance. After this, is it to be wondered at that the mourn ing population of Wilna uses all its energies to overthrow the Government that insults it with such cynical falsehoods ? THE FIRST FRENCH NEWSPAPER was started in Paris in 1631, during the reign of Louis XIII., by a physician named Tneophraste Renaudot, Since then the number of political journals which have appeared in France would defy calculation. A statistical write r has recently stated that, on the "sth of July, 1863, there were no less than 609 newspapers, then being published in Paris alone. HOUDIN' EN GLISIDIEN.— Elviiness is giving place to recreation ; cheap trips are being taken now from day to day by Londoners to Paris, up the Rhine and down the Alps; to Norway, with its fiords and lakelets; to SwitAerland, with its glaciers and mountain passes; to Scotland, with its glens and sheap-Walks; to Ireland, with its green scenery and lovely sunsets; to Ramsgate sands or Margate cliffs; to the dinner parties at Richmond, or the tea and shrimps and Margate I —City Press. FANCIED ENEMIES ON THE PRESS.—A Satur day Reviewer comments very reasonably, as fol lows, on the prevalence, or at any rate the frequency of a certain kind of hatred, arising out of sudden misconception, Aimaginednovelist m slights, ay e 0 fancied m e to the insults,irresistible phtueea:aetl.i wrongs. vs:ullircy-h; and such a journalist, and no other, must certainly be the man who wrote that horrid article upon his or her pet novel. Or a politician may be quite sure that such a writer, and no other, made that offensive remark about him in a leading article. One of the roost curious parts of a journalist's experience who happens to be bkhind the aa s in c im e d n e ; a s nae i tx s itli : c o mth o .abtslestr such ci e shn h aeo needles: ddkm.ss:a to oil y ap p ciad e s r s s ha o go n li s s,) first, that particular articles are written by particular sure, sally, they are at fault. AMERICA. lIETJTER'S TELEC-LAM. LIVERPOOL, AUG. 12. The Liverpool and Manchester papers publish a despatch, to the effect that a private telegram put on board the City of London at the last moment, says it was currently reported and generally be lieved at New York that the Federals had captured Fort Wagner. The City of London has reached Liverpool, but brings nothing in confirmation of this despatch. (REUTER'S EXPRESS.) NEW YORK, AUG 1. The following is the " situation," as described by the New York herald of to-day "Information received at Washington yesterday from the army of the Potomac states that Lee massed his forces at Culpepper on Wednesday, and made other preparations to give us battle on the Rappahannock. His first advance, south of Cul pepper, was to foil us in taking the Fredericksburg route ; but finding we did not advance, he concen trated his army at Culpepper. The Rappahannock is guarded from Fredericksburg to Ely's Ford on the Rapidan by one rebel regiment. The Rapidan is fortified south of Culpepper. "Mosby's gang made an extensive haul of antlers on Thursday night at Fairfax Court-house. There is no Union force stationed immediately in the Courthouse. The antlers of the army of the Potomac have been generally advised of the fact, but is is a convenient resting-place at the end of `che first day's journey, and some six or seven sutlers, with their trains, wares, and chattels, bivouacked there, and were all made prisoners. " Gen. Gillmore's despatches to Gen. Halleek state that his total loss in killed, wounded, and missing during the three days' action on Morris Island was only 985, of whom 350 are missing. " The news from Kentucky and Tennessee con tinues most discouraging for the rebel cause. On Thursday, near Paris, the rebels, 375 strong, drove in our pickets and unsuccessfully attempted to flank our troops and burn the bridge. They were dr2vea back two miles, when the 45th Ohio came on their rear, captured 15, and drove the rest towards Mount Sterling. " Col. Sanders attacked their main force, about 2,C00 strong, at Winchester, with 8 pieces of artil lery. The rebels retreated towards Irvine, Colonel Sanders pursuing them. " A despatch from Memphis, of the 28th ult., says that the forces sent on under Colonel Hatch, to look after the rebel troops enforcing the conscrip tion in West Tennessee, had a fight at Lexington, routing the rebels and capturing Colonel Campbell, of the 23d Tennessee, 2 lieutenants, 25 privates, and 2 cannon. Colonel Campbell was en route from Chattawooza to join General Pillow, who is under stood to be near Paris, Ky. "A despatch from Cincinnati reports that the rebels were attacked yesterday at Lancaster by our troops, and had 20 killed and 100 captured. The enemy got possession of Stanford Keys at noon, but our cavalry soon drove them out, with great loss, and at last accounts they were making for the Cumberland River. "We learn from Vicksburg that General Herron has gone to Mobile with his division. Our army at Vicksburg has fallen back to the Big Black River. It was reported that Joe Johnston was retreating to Mobile. "By the arrival of the Morning Star from New Orleans, with dates to the 25th, we learn that the Mississippi is fully open to navigation. Several steamers had arrived at New Orleans from St. Louis, within a few days. General Franklin had reached Baton Rouge. " Our war vessels are committing some havoc on the enemy. The United States steam•sloop Ossipee, captured on the 20th ult. the James Battle and VI m. Bagle, loaded with cotton, blockade runners from Mobile. "The United States steamer Sciota, off the coast of Texas, on the 7th ult., chased two small vessels laden with cotton, both of which ran ashore and were burned by our men, there being no means of saving them. On the Thursday following, while passing Corpus Christie, two vessels were discovered at anchor behind Mustang Island, apparently loaded with cotton and awaiting an opportunity to escape the blockade. A rifled 20 pounder was fired at them, when both got under weigh and stood up the bay about 6 miles, where they grounded and were then burned. " On the 22d ult. the privateer Florida was still at Bermuda, her departure having been delayed by the refusal of the naval authorities to furnish her with fuel ; but she was then getting a supply from the rebel steamer Harriet Pinckney, and would sail in a day or two on her voyage of destination. " Our advices from Nassau, NP.., are to 26th ult. The Federal gunboat Tioga arrived at Nassau on the 24th ult. from Key West, and left shortly afterwards. The Governor of Bahamas had re ceived an intimation from Lord Lyons that his lordship's efforts to induce the Washington Cabinet to withdraw its prohibition of exportation of live stock to Nissan have been wholly fruitless. Ad_ vices report that several blockade runners had returned, unable to enter the rebel ports. The following additional particulars appear in the New York journals : General Jonn Morgan and Colonel Cluke and staff arrived at Cincinnati, July 27, shortly after ten o'clock, over the Little Maine Railroad, guarded by troops ulider General Sehackelford, the captor of Morgan. It consisted of Morgan and Cluke, with their staff and orderlies, amounting in all to 31 per. sons. "On disembarking from the train they were taken in charge by a detachment of the 111th Ohio. A large crowd assembled at the depot, and as the prisoners moved immense numbers were added to it. When they marched down 9th -street not less than 5,000 persons surrounded the famous guerilla and his aides. Many of these lookers-on seemed excited, and cried, " Hang the cut-throats." "Bully for the horse thieves." Several of the spectators were flourishing pistols, but the guard quickly drove them away. The field bud of the 111th discoursed "Yankee Doodle" on the march, which the prisoners endured with complete sangfroid, Morgan on the way in terrogated the captain commanding the guard con cerning the whereabouts of his brother. His ques tion on that point being anewered, he turned and said, "Pass up that whisky." The whisky was passed forward in a canteen, which the General proffered to the captain, who politely refused. The General then took a long pull. They were ensconud in the city prison shortly before eleven o'clock. Before locking them up they were deprived of a large number of pistols, which they stated they had been permitted to retain by the terms of surrender. There was a bushel of pistols, all loaded, stowed away in the office of the city prison last night, all of them revolvers, many of the officers carrying a brace. Horgan is fully six feet high, and of preposses sing, though not imposing presence. He was attired in a linen coat, black pants, white shirt, and light felt hat. No decorations were visible. He has rather a re;11. 1 4 thzro Lag' mtainly nothing in it to indicate the possession of unusual intellec tual qualities. Colonel Cluke is very tall, rising probably two inches over six feet. He was attired much after the manner of his chief. He is slender, has sandy hair, and looks like a man of invincible determina tion. His countenance is not devoid of certain savage lines, which correspond well with his bar barities as a leader. The whole lot is a counter part of the squads we have heretofore seen of tho same command. The same motley dress and the same decorous behaviour (no great merit in thelast trait) distinguish them. Our advices from Nassau, N. 8., are to the 26th ult. The Union gunboat Tioga arrived at Nassau on the 24th ult. from Key West, and having communi cated with W. C. Thompson, Esq., United States Vice-Consul, left shortly afterwords. The steamer Arabian, from Wilmington, N.C., arrived at Nassau on the 24th ult. The Arabian had been detained by the rebel authorities at Wil mington on suspicion of her being owned in New York ; but proof of British ownership having been established she was allowed to proceed. WASHINGTON, JULY 31. The following was received today at the head. quarters of the army : "Department of the South, in the field, Morris Island, S.C., July 23. " Ahjor-General H. W. Halleck, General-in-Chie United States Army, Washington, D.C. " Sir,—My medical director in the field reports an aggregate loss in killed and wounded in our hands of 635. I judge there are 350 missing. The losses cover the three actions of the 10th, 11th, and 16th inst. Many of the wounded will return to duty in a week or ten days. The health of the command is improving. "Respectfully your obedient servant, " Q. A. GILMORE, "Brigadier-General Commanding." COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW Y..RK, July 31, 6 p.m. The money market continues as easy as could be desired. Money is'offered in large amounts to the leading brokers at 5 per cent., and at 6 the specu lators in light fabrics find no difficulty in getting supplied. There is less caution than there was some time ago in scrutinising margins ; •railway stocks are improving in the opinion of bankers as a collateral, and these which pay regular divi dends stand as high as any other class of securities, Debt certificates are steady. Mercantile paper continues to be quoted at 5 per cent. for strictly prime names, and 5l to 6- 1 for good mercantile paper. Gold advanced to-Jay to 1291, closing at 5 p.m. at 129. Exchange sold at 1411 to 142 for bankers bills. No special cause is assigned for the advance in gold and bills, but it was evident some days since, that unless we heard of the fall of Charleston the tendency of the market would rather be toward reaction after the recent heavy decline. There will be a heavy specie export to-morrow. The stock market opened weak this morning, and there was rather a disposition to improve the reac tion by putting out some sellers' options. But at the close of the first board the decline brought in flesh buyers, and the market soon recovered strength. At the first board Cumberland fell off / per cent.; Quicksilver, 1; New York Central, 1; Erie, 1/ ; Harlan, 2 ; Erie Preferred, 1; Hud son, 21 ; Reading, s ; Michigan Central, ; Southern Old, 1k; Illinois Central, ; Cleveland and Pitts burg, 1; Galena, 3 , 1 ,; Terre Haute, ; Toledo, ; Rock Island, 1; Fort Wagner, 1, &c., &c. State Stocks were steady. Missouris 1 better. Govern ments were steady, without activity. After the board there was a rally in the whole market, and at the 1 p.m. call the transactions show an advance on the active shares oti to 1 per cent. all round. Erie sold at 103, against 1011 at the first board. People who sold two mornings since at 104, appear to be quite eager to•get in again at the decline; no one seems to look for a reaction of Ito 2 per cent. At the second board the upward movement was continued, and the market be came very buoyant. The advance was re sisted by the regular bear operators, who tried to hammer some of the leading fancies ; but their efforts appeared to have no effect in check ing the advance. While the existence of a bear interest will naturally impart strength to the next upward surge, Erie rose!. ; Central, ; Southerna ; Fort Wagner, 1 ; Rock Island I, &c. Central was especially strong, selling dividend off at 125/. It is understood that a new party, with head quarters at Albany and Soratoga, has been formed to put up the price of Central, a n d operators, who are supposed to be in their secrets, talk of an extra dividend, and 150 for the stock. It ought to sell as high as Hudson River. At the 4 p.m. call the market was very strong in deed. Few stocks were offered for sale, and every one wanted to buy. Cotton was in good demand, and 2,300 bales were middlings. reported sold at 61c. and 63 c . for PENSIONS FOR DISTINCTION IN LITERATURE AND SCIENCE.—}Ier Majesty has been graciously pleased to grant a pension of £7O a-year to Mr. Joshua Alder. " ATHENS,ON THE SPREE," as the Prussians like to call Berlin, has about a dozen daily papers, with from 6,000 to 20,000 subscribers. There are in Germany, ac cording to a recent return, 1,221 newspapers, of which no less than 249 are dailies. WHAT NEXT ? N o t sa ti s fi e d, apparen tly, i n th e " Show" way, with going to " the demnition bow wows,' as Mr. Mantalini has it, nor with tho announcement of a coming " cat show," Londoners have it now actually announced to them that at an early date a prize show of London costermongers' donkeys will be held, with a view to the encouragement of humane owners among the poor and the well-being of that useful and too often misused animal. CHARLES DICKENS'S ACCOUNT OF A FOUR PENNY HALFPENNY DINN,ER.—It had just struck twelve, and a quick succession of faces had already begun to appear at a little window in the wall of the partitioned apace where I sat looking over the books. Within this little window, like a pay-box at a theatre, a neat and brisk young woman presided to take money and issue tickets. Every one coming in must take a ticket. Either the fourpence-half penny ticket for the upper room (the most popular ticket, I think), or a penny ticket for a bowl of soup, or as many penny tickets as he or she chose to buy. For three penny tickets one had quite a wide range of choice. A plate of cold beef and potatoes; or a plate of cold nam and pota toes; or a plate of hot minced beef and potatoes; or a bowl of soup, bread and cheese,' and a plate of plum pudding. Touching what they should have, some customers on taking their seats fell into a reverie—became mildly dis tracted—postponed decision, and said in bewilderment, they would think of it. One old man I noticed when I sat among the tables in the lower room who was startled by the bill of fare, and sat contemplating it as if it were something of a ghostly nature. The decision of the boys was as rapid as their execution, and always included pudding. There were several women among the diners, and several clerks and shopmen. There were carpenters and painters from neighbouring buildings under repair, and there were nautical men, and there were, as one diner observed to me, "some of most sorts." Some were solitary, some came two together, sour dined in parties of three or four, or six. The latter talked together, but assuredly no one was louder than at my club in Pall-Mall. One young fellow whistled in rather a shrill manner while he waited for his dinner, but I was gratified to observe that he did so in evident defiance of my uncommercial individuality. Quite agreeing with him, on consideration, that I had no business to be there, unless I dined like the rest, I "went in," as the phrase is, for fourpence-halfpenny. Ihe rapidity with which every new comer got served, was remarkable ; and the dexterity with which the waitresses (quite new to the art a month before) disclmrged their duty, was as agreeable to see, as the neat smartness with which they wore their dress and had dressed their hair. If I seldom saw better waiting, so I certtialy never ate better meat, potatoes, or pudding, And the soup was an honest and stout soup, with rice and barley in it, and "little matters for the teeth to touch," as had been ob served to me by my friend below stairs already quoted. The dinner-service, too, was neither conspicuously hideous for high art nor for low art, but was of a pleasant and pur e appearance. Concerning the viands and their cookery, one last remark. I dined at my club in Pali-Mall aforesaid, a few days afterwar d s , for exactly twelve times the money, and not half as well. The company thickened after one o'clock struck, and changed pretty quickly.--le' ron tl i c stew paper Of " The U4com,,wre:.2‘ Z•ay.q4 _" Zit titis y' 2' o. of the ,scar .I:oacvr,", C'TR.;I774"- ,sir 11111 4, • HER MAJESTY. WINDSOR CASTLE, Aug. 11. Her Majesty and their Royal Highnesses Prince Alfred, Princess Helene, Prince Leopold, and Prin cess Beatrice left the Castle this afternoon, at three o'clock, where her Majesty embarks in the Royal yacht Fairy for Greenhithe. The suite attending her Majesty consists of the Marchioness of Ely (Lady in Waiting), the Lady Augusta Bruce, Lient.-General Hon. C. Grey, Colonel Sir T. M. Biddulph, Major Cowell, Dr. Jenner, and Mr. Buff. At Greenhithe the Queen and Royal party will embark in the Royal yacht Victoria and Albert, c.nd proceed to Antwerp. Earl Granville embarks with the Queen, and attends her Majesty to the Continent. His Royal Highness Prince Arthur, attended by Major Elphinstoue, left Windsor for Bagahot Park. Departure of Her Majesty for Germany. Her Majesty the Queen, with their Royal High nesses Prince Alfred and the Princesses Helena and Beatrice, attended by Lieut.-Colonel Da Plat, Major Cowell, and the ladies of the Royal suite, after alighting from the Vauxhall station of the South Western Railway, proceeded yesterday after noon in private carriages to Woolwich, for embarlta ' tion on board the Fairy steam yacht, en route for Germany. The royal cortege,which comprised six carriages, was unattended by the usual military outriders, and proceeded at a smart pace through Deptford Broadway to Greenwich, where her Ma jesty arrived at 35 minutes past four, and was re ceived with unmistakeable although unobtrueivo loyalty by the entire population. As the cortege passed the ancient church of St. Alphage the bells sent forth a merry peal, and the entire line cf route was thronged by thousands of persons, the balconies and windows in the several streets being also fully occupied by those anxious to obtain a glimpse of her Majesty, who, with Prince Alfred and the Princesses, was seated in the foremost car riage, the windows being down. Any attempt at cheering was instantly suppressed by the majority of the spectators, in accordance with the well known royal desire. Her Majesty, during the journey to Woolwich, more than once acknowledged her approval of the loyal scene which presented itself. At Woolwich the streets were equally crowded, the spacious area known as Beresferd square, immediately fronting the main gate of the Royal Arsenal, being occupied by many thousands of persons; but owing to the excellent arrange ments made by the police authorities no obstruction resulted to the royal carriages, which, after leaving Greenwich, proceeded through Lower Charlton to Woolwich, arriving at the arsenal precisely at five o'clock. On entering the establishment Prince Alfred courteously returned the salute of the pollee force assembled on each side of the roadway, and the royal cortege proceeded at once to the pier, which was fitted up in an excellent manner and covered with an awning, the floor being laid with scarlet baize. On alighting from the carriages her Majesty and royal family were received at the entrance of the pier by Earl Granville (who accompanies her Majesty to Germany), Viscount Sydney (Lord Chamberlain and Lord• Lieutenant of Kent), Gen. Sir David Wood, R.A., Col. Maude, R.A. (equerry)/ Sir F. W. E. Nicolson (superintendent of Woolwich Dockyard), and Capt. Gordon, military storekeeper . Her Majesty was attired in mourning; she appeared to be in good spirits, and cheerfully conversed with Lord Sydney and the officers named, who accom panied the royal party to the pier head, off which were moored the steam yacht Fairy, Master Coo:i -nlander Welch, the Trinity steam vessel Irene, and Admiralty steam vessel Vivid, Master Commanding Alen. The Black Eagle steam vessel, Master Com mending Whinier, had left several hours previously with the royal luggage, which was conveyed to Woolwich by nine fourgons and vans. At 10 minutes past five o'clock her Majesty and family, with Earl Granville and others, embarked on board the Fairy/ and the remainder of the royal suite and eee veete on board the Irene and Vivid. The opposite of the river was crowded with spectators. The squad ron eva m nenre e , i d ant i nth a ed t er e veF l s y i:vi g iinrd o gy t . ui beingnnoediden r et n w hi tne e o i s g aad h uuv a ara n drn d eredo s en.: e ft loriri tamed iovwi : d gd o w to ife ; Et t h he ei ri t h steamvessel, Capt. Wh ee l er, b e l ong i ng to the v wich Steam-p ac k et C ompany, and p l y ing between Gravesend an d L ondon, was on her up vo yage, laden with passen gers f rom G ravesen d , w h e n she accred i The l Dread the Fairy, and the whole of the passengers en deci gave a round o f h earty cheers, w hi c h were instantly acknowl e d ge d b y t h e ca pt a in and officers of the Fairy. Th e squa d ron ar rived off Gravesend shortl y t before six, and made to the royal steam yacht Victoria and Albert, Captain his Serene Highness O s q s u b a o d r n r o e n r t o h y:Ti yacht, Commander B owa the Prince of Leininge e. n n , to dropped down the river the Nore, where it wa s Ta: h n en t t h ir e e to anchor. Her Majesty and royal family were to slee p on board the royal yacht, proceeding to Antwerp this morning. The police arrangements at Weolwic ti were well carried out by Superintendents Mark, of the dockyard force, and Bray, of the R and workmen at the Royal Arsenal w ere rigid .y The stringent regulations with regard to the clerks observed, and none were allowed to witness the royal cortege. All visitors were refused a dmissiort, London form. Her Majesty's carriages ret urned to L and this rule applied even to field officers in un immediately after the embarkation. His Royal Highness the Count de Fiandr©, attended by Major Burnell, has left the Clarendon Ho',;01 for Abergeldie, N.B. His Excellency Count Pasolini, governor of Turin, has not yet left town on his return to Italy •as stated. His excellency will, however, shortly take his d.,e parture for Turin by way of Paris. The Duke of Newcastle has arrived at Thome4:l4 Hotel, Berkeley-square, from Cowes, Isle of Wright. The Duke of Buccleuch, since attending at the Highland Society's show at Kelso, has been staying at Dalkeith Palace, near Edinburgh. The Duchess and t Ladies Scott are at Carlsbad, and are not expected ho.we until the end of next month. The Marquis and Marchioness Cholmondel eY have left Carlton-house terrace for I,Vestbrooke, :a aar Hemel Hempstead, on a visit to the Hon. Dudley ,and Lady Georgina Ryder. Georgi e na Hamilton left town on Mon da y for nearßecoideessearto,fAerc-c rn. oh field, to visit. the• The Countess of Dalkeit h and Lady Marquis sa d March menr for b a few The Earl of Dalkeith h as gone to amany weeks. Earl Granville, Lord Presi dent, left Lon don yesterday afternoon for Viroolwich. The noble earl will attend the Queen to Germany. The Earl of Dalhousie has arrived at his I ord.. ship's shooting quarters in Scotland, where a select ,eircle of his frien d s meet to - d a y for g rouse shootin g and 'dor stalking. viseo tain Bill V i scount t an d Viscountess Hill and Ca p ° fo P r a th rk e ' s S h il oo r° ting ia. season. s k i:: t ° r e ll , have arrived at his lordship's shooting quart ers i n I n Lord St. John has arrived at FI P ver wierte.dale Ho use, laGe.sis:hchir,ei:trvoeuirnHesas: Lady Georgina Grey came from Rome expressly to be present at the marriage o f her niece, Miss Wood, daug hter of Sir Charles and 1, d The Hon. Charles a y Mary Wood. Minister at Dresden, A. Murray, the Briti sh and Mrs. ' town within the last few I unay, have arrived is days gentleman having ys from Germany, tie. hon• obtained leave of absence for two months. Miss Burdett Coutts will have a garden party at Holly Lodge, Highgate, this afternoon. FUTURE AD2CRALS OF ENGLAND.—In the m onth of May last th ere were h orns on the books of the Bri tanno. training-ship, in Portland Roads, as naval cadet., the sons of - - Colonial Bishop . 1 Scotch do. Reverends* Naval Chaplain ........ 1 Duke (as guardian).... 1 Marquis Lord ........ 1 Honourables .......... 4 Count ................ 1 Baronet ... . .......... 1 3 Deputy-Inspector ...... 1 .... S e cretaries P a ymaster Generals Colonels . 6 Majors 6 Captains in the Aruiy S u rgeon 2 Doctors Esquires . ....... Lauies 2l Admirals .............. Captains .............. 7 Commanders .......... 4 4 M4sters .............. It will bo remembered that this grziatest sea captain that ever lived Tv - ara 4iLur4li the s u of 4 country FarLQu, Total ............ 221 1