The Sun. — London, England, 1863-12-03 00:00:00

THE POLISH INSURRECTION, (from the Special Correspondent of the Times.) WARSAW, Nov. 19. '.leie telegraph continues to be in such a hurry that it does not give itself time to verify the news that reaches it. Accordingly, we are perpetually being informed in Warsaw, via Paris and Louden, of things having taken place in Warsaw of which in Warsaw itself we had not heard, though we hear of terrible things enough in the shape of sudden and arbitrary arrests on mere suspicion every night, and executions every three or four days. There have been on the average two lives per week taken on the part of the Government since I have been in Warsaw, and hundreds of political prisoners have been sent into exile every Sunday morning. It is not true that 50 of the female prisoners from the citadel have been sent into exile, but quite true that two have been exiled. It is said that of the suspected political prisoners sent out of the country none are to go further east than the Moscow pro vince ; though in the first instance, and when they left Warsaw, many of them, and all those who had incurred the displeasure of the Government before, Were under sentence for Siberia. The early Warsaw news received in several Ger man cities, and forwarded thence further west, is said to be obtained from imaginative Jewish tra vellers, who, on their arrival on the other side of the frontier, love to relate the rumours of the Polish capital, slightly Orientalised. Some of these ru mours, as reproduced abroad, must surprise strangers to Warsaw, but they astound residents. What really occurs here is bad enough, and too bad, but nevertheless it is exaggerated in most of the foreign newspapers, and especially in those which derive their information from Polish sources. It is the curse (or rather one of the curses) of this country that no one cares what hap pens to it unless it be some highly dramatic and particularly sanguinary calamity. The suppression of high schools and universities throughout Poland for 30 years was of course an incomparably greater evil and an incomparably greater crime on the part of the Russian Government than the dispersion of acrowd by armed force, and with considerable loss of life, on the lawless principle pursued by military Governments in all parts of the continent of Europe. But there is nothing at all dramatic in a plan for depriving a whole people of national edu ca ti on. It does not appeal to the eye, and it cannot be made the subject of a picture in an illustrated newspaper. The Poles have often of late felt themselves com pelled to get their misfortunes presented in a dra matic form, for they have thought it necessary, above all, to consider what would strike this used up Europe. "Europe," they have said to them selves, " does not mind a people being gradually extinguished if it will only die out quietly, but the massacre of Sinope roused the indignation of France and England, and the massacres in Syria led to armed interference, If we resist the Russians, as at any time during the last 30 years we have had a right to do, we too shall be massacred, and then Europe" —that is to say, France and England, which constitute Europe in a moral sense in the eyes of the Poles—" will perhaps inquire what ails us." " What will Europe say to this ?" is a question the Poles put to themselves at each fresh cruelty in flicted upon them. Hitherto Europe, for all prac tical purposes, has said to their sufferings what the world said to the paradoxes presented to it by the Vicar's son, " The world said nothing to my para doxes," and Europe has said nothing to the suf ferings of the Poles ; or rather it has spoken a great deal, but without uttering any of those words that signify future action. Still, Europe is appealed to, and it has now been appealed to so often that it seems to bo thought impossible to touch it except by tales of the most horrible and heart rending character. There is, unhappily, no need to invent such narratives; but, at the same time, too much stress is laid on the severities committed in the Polish towns, and they are often exaggerated, while the terrible position of the inhabitants of the country is left almost unnoticed. Whatever be the disadvantages of Warsaw as a place of residence, I find that Poles aro very sorry to leave it to go into the country, that they are very gtad to get back again here, and that their friends are very anxious about them while they are away. A proprietor who has just returned from his estate uninjured and free says that as Paris and London are to Warsaw, so is Warsaw to the country districts in Poland. The double terrorism which renders life so intoler able in the country, is scarcely felt in Warsaw, for here the Russian Government has reasserted its power, and the National Government has ceased to be obeyed in all cases where its orders are in direct and open contradiction with those issued by the Russians. This, it may be said, signifies the failure of the Polish insurrection. But it will not fail if it be assisted from abroad, and without foreign assist- ante it was evident that it would fail from the very beginning. In the meanwhile, and considering that the insurrection has done its work and that the qu.estion of intervention or non-intervention scarcely depends any longer upon the Poles them selves, I fancy that a considerable number of the inhabitants of Warsaw are by no means sorry to find that they are now subjected to only one tyranny, instead of two. For some time it must have been a most trying thirl g for that .. the porters to be told by the Russians doo r el eY . wculd be beaten if they did not keep the they wou'i',and by the National Government that ; for li a o ba stabbed if they did not keep them open proprietors to be threatened, on the other h and, 1e they Withperaisted. fiscal execution and forced sale it not paying their taxes; and, on the other, wi th n e The Nodoxaecution by the knife if they paid them. instantly t o give way Government, however, has had it a Y h whenever it has put itself, or without wishin g been brought, into direct COD ffict with the G, rer as nment of Russia. It may still receive its own taxes, bl i t i t possesses the means from can prevent no one who special taxes to the Russians both ordinary and were to last long enou g h , thii - a If the insurrection ()able draining of the national purse would ultimately put an end to tax payingaltogethcr, for th o excelle nt r n ea , son that there would be no money left, at lea st oil; among those who have hitherto been known reduced to classes," and who are now being speedily" the richer already mentiontdat yhaatollt specialof bankruptcy. • I have the 3,000 house proprietors ordered income tax of 8 per cent., all but a few hundreds obeyed the order on or before the appoin ted Defaulters are now sentenced to pay 12 p er con. before the 20th of this month, afte r which, in case of farther default, 16 per cent. will be claimed. By payment of the 8 per cent. tax nearly 3,000 house proprietors have re ndered themselves liable t o capital punishment at the hands of the National Go vernment, but it is hoped they will not be executed. By the way, are any members of the National Go veramont themselves house proprietors, and, if s°l have they disobeyed their own commands ? And how does it happen that the National Government know so little of the views and intentions of the house proprietors as a class as to imagine they would observe an injunction which, if it was not likely to be attended to, ought never to have been issued ? I read in the foreign newspape rs th a t th e or d e r "of the National Government" to take off mourn ing has been obeyed by the ladies of Warsaw—which 18 t rue ; and that ladies have been ' insulted by the Y~ eold iera and polic e i n consequence of something in their cos tum ebe i ng approved—whi c h, as f ar as I can le,rnate not : is entirely unt rue . As o f ten as t h e Nation al the orders of Government contents itself with endorning obeyed. The th o Russian Government it is sur e to be of coloured clothes by J ourna l says t h at the adoption nothing but mourning the ladies of 'Warsaw, after nearly three year s , b a gs had beets worn by them for animated appearanc e . I given the street s a gay and do not see it myself. A gro t e sque and sad appear,ece . sented. "It was tim e to s what is really pre- Pu l Put an end to this mas querade " s ays the correspondent journal; but the fact is, the true masquerade a Russian querade has only just begun; for you may ROW 8 eu Persons who are grieving for their nearest relations d ressed as though they had n o such loss to deplore, a fune ral looking (if it we re not for the coffin) like shabby wed ding procession, and women crying their eyes out at a secretly ordered service for the dead, a t. tired in all the colours of the rainbow. To the men it does not n tatter much; but the women who have lust relations feel the effect of the order against mourning very acutely, and as it was against them that it was specially directed, its success must be considered complete. For brothers, (~;hers, and husbands mourning may, it is true, stT be worn, but not without carrying a permitov ',id) any police man may cause to 1), produced as often as ho thinks fit. I find, too, that Ulm ;1, ho have lost relations in the insuirection do nut find it advisable to call the attention of the Government to the fact ; and, on the whole, it may be said that the usual mani festations of domestic grief are now impossible in Warsaw. Opening of the Charing Cross Railway, This short line from London-bridge to Charing cross, the forerunner of the many good and bad schemes now known under the general name of metropolitan extensions, was provisionally opened yesterday with all the pomp and circumstance which could be imparted by the visit of a large party of directors and officials, and all the convi• viality which could be derived from an excellent dejeuner at the end of the day's proceedings, This Charing-cross line may be regarded as the indirect author of all the many plans for bringing what may now fairly be termed suburban lines into the heart of the city. With the vast network of lines belong ing to the South-Eastern, and the South-Western, too, at Charing-cross, and with the Chatham and Dover at Blackfriars, it has become a necessity of existence that the great lines north of the Thames should make a progressive step as well, With the gigantic growth of London, and with the enor mously increasing numbers who now reside beyond it, and only travel to and fro to transact their daily business, these metropolitan lines have become a necessary evil. Our distances are now too great, our time too precious for mere horse power to be of much avail. Short lines of rail, and a pace of 25 miles an hour, are necessary in the transaction of London's vast affairs, and in the lapse of another ten years or so it will inevitably come to pass that cabs and omnibuses will be superseded like the stage coaches of old, or only used as feeders to the lines, which will at last reduce the limits' of this over grown province of houses to as manageable dimen sions in point of time as those of a country town. It is far from being the Railway Companies which urge on these extension schemes. It is the public, who by their increased patronage make them so enormously lucrative, that are the real promoters. One has only to glance at the ti affic returns of the Metropolitan Railway to see how great must be its utility to the public, and, strange to say, though the opening of that line at first most seriously affected the omni buses running west, it does not do so now, and both rail and road are as thronged as they can well be with convenience. In fact, it is only when com panies attempt to provide for the passenger traffic of London that its immensity is seen, and the profit of providing channels for it becomes evident, even in the face of the gigantic outlay requisite to bring lines into the heart of the city. The line from London-bridge to the South- Western and Charing-cross was the first of the kind projected, and though only a very short extension, and presenting no peculiar engineering difficulties, it has been termed the heaviest—that is to say the most expensive for its length, ever built. When all is paid up, it will be found to have cost very nearly, if not quite, £l,OOO sterling per yard. Much of this immense expenditure was no doubt due to the un expected opposition of the Governors of St. Thomas's Hospital, and the compulsory purchase of the institution. which that opposition necessitated. Much was also lost by the secret of the intended route of the line not being well kept by those then connected with the management of the South- Eastern Railway, so that property of little value before the railway came was purchased for a mere song, and resold to the company at an immense premium. These and other causes have swelled the original estimate for the construction of the line to a sum four times greater than was at first contem plated, and which, had it been foreseen at the time would probably have made the shareholders very timid about embarking in it. But during the in terval that elapsed aince it was begun, tho neces sities of passenger traffic have developed them selves beyond; all proportion to the length of the extension to Charing-cross; so that, judging it by the present standard of railway requirements, the line is regarded as positively a cheap one, and, like that to the Victoria station, certain to be largely remunerative. Though called by the general name of the Charing-cross line, this extension really em braces two distinct, schemes—viz., the line from Charing-cross to London-bridge, and the line from Charing-cross to Cannon -street. Yet, though legally distinct, they are practically one; and from the junc tion at the Borough Market, where the Cannon street branch diverges across the Thames on a mag nificent bridge, both run on the same viaducts to Charing-cross. The line leaves the London-bridge station by a rather sharp curve of little more than 500 ft. radius. This quick turn was introduced to propitiate the governors of St. Thomas's Hospital, and avoid, if possible, the necessity of buying that costly property. The curve, however, was made in vain, and it is now deeply to be regretted that one so sharp at such a spot was ever decided upon. Two girder bridges of immense span and undeniable ugliness take it over the approach toLondon-bridge. A viaduct on iron columns carries it through the Borough Market, and thence the line is continued with scarcely any curves or inclines worth speaking of through the poor neighbourhoods lying between the Borough and Blackfriars, across the Blackfriars- road, and parallel with Stamford-street to the Waterloo-road, where it makes a junction with the South Western station which it enters by a single line of rails,and so practicallybrings that largesystem of lines to Charing-cross and hereafter to Cannon- street. From this it continues in almost a straight line across Stamford-street and tho Belvodere-road to what was once Hungerford Suspension Bridge, but which has now been converted, if not into the Ilandsomest, at least into one of the strongest and most important railway bridges over the Thames. On this the line is taken to the site of Hungerford Market, which has been transformed into one of the most lofty and spacious stations ever built in the metropolis, and which will be without a rival till that in Cannon-street is completed, which is to be:larger and loftier again. This is, in brief, merely the route taken by the new extension, but such a description gives but a very faint idea of the nature of the works required to complete it. In a line of only some two miles in length there are no less than 14 irJn bridges across streets, and some of unusually great span ; two iron v iaducts iinesan _ on columns, two junctions made with other , r4a2 two immense railway bridges across the these, b y s t.h of 7e, a 4it i e Theselatter, of course, h a ve b e en the great hthe whole undertaking, and it is in and c apabili e t wonderful skill, fertility of resource s ble spac e of utilising every inch o f the intrustedvalua to him that Mr. Hawkshaw has shown his Theaerii,us bridge which is to take the line to Cannou.st; et h has hereon ly thatju s t it b i e s e n t 0 beg so five ' v s e o we need on) , say or it spa ns, three of 135 f eet two of 125. It is to be uzrders, resting on cast built of wrought iron plate iron n e o see n now under iron cylinders, similar l a Hun gerford. It is to be laid for to be 34ft. from the vater, like shsuttl. less than five lines of fully 64ft. in its extreme width. When this b ' ri a d nci - tra i ns w ill r un backwards and forwards s d completed between loom all day long. This structure ha s Charing-cross and London-bridg e yettob e e s b in . a but the main difficulty of the undertaking, the brilllt, at Ilungerford, has been overcome. This bridge brids ge so many purposes to answer, so many difficulties t o provide against, so many contrivances to eke o ut and opposite objects to fulfil, that it is probably the m ost arduous work of the kind that ever has or will be attempted across the Thames. It is a railway bridge double the width of any in the kingdom, a foot bridge twice as large as old Hungerford ; nearly one-third of the bridge is a main station; and, to crown all, though the structure is of iron, the brick piers of the old bridge had to be utilisai, in order to save cost. It is, in short, a bridge of compromises and contrivances, all met and all arranged with so lunch skill that it discharges each duty as if built for that alone, is very cheap, enormously strong, and not nearly so ugly as railway bridges over rivers generally are . U n d er no c i rcums t ances cou ld it have been made a very handsome bridge, The dead level at which it is carried, the supplementary footpaths at the side, the fan-shaped end, and brick piers all tend to destroy anything like uniformity or regularity, and in the absence of such all-important requisites architectural beauty is out of the ques tion. There is, however, a certain harmony and appropriateness in its simplicity and massive strength which will redeem the work from absolute ugliness. It is rather difficult in these dose! iptions to give the general reader a clear account of such important works without using technical expressions, but in this case a mere outline of the work itself and the nature of the duties it has to perform will be suffi cient. The total length of the bridge from end to end is 1,300 ft., its width between the main girders Is 50ft., and outside this there are two 7ft. footways for passengers, making the total width 64ft., with a clear headway above high water mark of 25ft. Between the brick piers of the old structure the bridge is carried on cast-iron columns, with a span of 154 feet between each opening. These columns have a diameter of 14 feet at the base, which is forced down more than 30 feet below the bed of the river, and many feet into the London clay. As these rise to near the surface of the bed of the river they diminish in diameter to ten feet, a size at which they are continued to the summit. All these are filled in with masonry up to the 14 feet width, and thence with solid brickwork. One of them was steadily loaded with railway iron to a weight of 750 tons, under which enormous pressure on so small a surface the masonry was pressed together nearly 2in., but beyond this no yield of any kind took place. Two such columns fastened together at the top with a powerful wrought-iron close girder carry the roadway in spans of 154 ft. The main girders which bear all the strain of the roadway in the long interval between each pair of columns are the powerful lattices of wrought iron which may be seen now on each side of the bridge. The visitor who inspects these wonderful specimens of wrought iron work will find that they consist, at top and bottom, of two trough-shaped girders, 14ft. apart, the top one 4ft. broad and the bottom 3ft., the uppermost one being stronger, as it has to resist the compressive strain, which is always more trying to wrought iron than tension, which is met by the bot tom girder of 3ft. broad. Though we have spoken of these as two, and 14ft. apart, they are joined to. gether and made in reality one immense girder of that depth by a latticework consisting of a series of struts and ties to resist tension—in plain terms, to meet thrust or pull in all parts of the structure. The struts vary from 12in. wide and 3in. thick to Gin. wide and 21in. thick. They are all placed in pairs, and may be known at once by their being joined :at the back with a powerful wrought iron bracing, to prevent their buckling out under great pressure. The ties vary from 12in. broad by 21in. thick to 6in. broad by 2in. thick, the greatest strength being given at the ends, where the strain of the leverage comes. Each of these pah . s of girders which carry the roadway between the columns is, as we have said, 154 ft. long, and the two are capable of bearing a load strain of 1,500 tons, the greatest weight that could by any possibility be put upon them if the four lines of rails between them were loaded with tank engines and the footways outside thronged with peop l e. Even with such a load the strain would only be at the rate of 4 tons per sectional inch at the top of the girder, and 5 tons at the bottom—a slight weight when we remember that the Britannia Bridge has a permanent strain of 6 tons to the inch, and many wrought-iron bridges both in France and America have to do duty with nearly twice that load. The floor of the roadway between these main girders is formed of a series of cross girders placed as close as llft. apart. Each of these weighs 9 tons, is 4ft. deep, and equal to a load of 110 tons, though 77 tons is the greatest weight that could be placed upon them. The foot passenger traffic is provided for by car rying out two ift. paths on each side supported on cantilever or iron brackets, which carry also a hand some wrought-iron railing. It is from the old Middlesex pier, however, that the great difficulties of the d es i gn commence, an d a more aw k w ard and unpromising corner to turn into a commodious nil way station was never g iven to an engineer. It was, of cou r s e , i mposs ibl e to ta k e the stationinto the Strand, and equally impossible to manage without a space equivalent to carrying the line as far; so no other alternative was left but to coin r..ence at once at the north pier, and instead of continuing the bridge at a uniform width, to spread it out like a fan from that spot, widening as the work advanced, so as to attain its maximum dimensions long before this curious river terminus enters upon the ground of old Hungerford-market. To effect this difficult object a total change of plan takes place. The span is diminished from 154 ft. to 100 ft., but what is reduced in the length of the span is gained in the width, which is increased to such an extent that cross girders for the floor can no longer be used, and these supports in this por tion of the structure are replaced by longitudinal girders running in the direction of the bridge. These girders are most massive ; they are 100 ft long, and oft deep ; each weighs 25 tons, and they are so closely placed that there is only Oft interval between them. So rapidly does the fanlike spread of this end of the bridge developa itself, that though 10 of these girders suffice to carry the roadway from , the brick pier over the first 100 ft of the span, no less than 17 are required for the increasing breadth of the second span, and 21 for the third, which lands this end of the bridge, nearly 200 ft wide, upon the permanent brickwork of the great station at Hun ford. As a matter of course, the pairs of massive columns which carry the greater portion of the work across the river have to be largely increased in number under this wider end. To support the first spread of the fan there are seven, arid for the second stage nine. The outermost of each of these groups of columns is 811. in diameter; the inner ones are j Oft. Oa the space thus gained there are two ar rival and two departure platforms, and the inte rior of the station here is no less than 450 ft. long, by 100 ft. high, and 170 ft. wide, as we have already said, the largest and loftiest station yet built. That in Cannon-street is to be no less than 30ft. higher, 40fr. wider, and 100 ft, longer. Two sides of the Charing-cress Station are formed by the magnificent hotel in connexion with the railway, which is being built by Messrs. Lucks. There are distinct en trances provided at this station for the southern and Continental traffic, and that to Cannon-street. A very large open space is preserved in front of the station, which is to be for carriage-ways, and in the centre of this a perfect facsimile in stone of the old cross at Charing will be erected by the company. Such are the chief featzres of the first metropo litan extension, which was yesterday visited and inspected by the Hon. Mr. Byng, the chairman of the North Eastern ; Mr. Eborall, the general mana- ger ; Mr_ Smiles, the secretary, and a large party of gentlemen connected with the undertaking. Only a slight halt was made at the two stations on the line from London-bridge—viz., that in the Black friars-road and that where the rails effect a junction with the South Western. Though the train was a very long and a very heavy one:yet the bridge at Hungerford was, as far as could be observed, as rigid as a rock under its passage. A very long examination was made of the Charing-cross station, though it was soon evident that some time must elapse before it is perfectly finished, and it will be at least a month before the line can be opened to public traffic, even with its temporary offices. It is a somewhat curious fact that the line, though taken through one of the most densely-populated districts of London, has only from first to last remoNed 250 houses—a fact which says a good deal for the care with which its route has been marked out. This account of the Charing. cross Extension would be incomplete if we did not add that it is intended to connect the Charing-cross station by a double line of rails with the North-Westexn, Great Northern, and Midland lines. Fortunately, the level of the Charing-cross station with regard to those termini is such that an underground line in an open cutting, passing by tunnel under all the streets and under the Strand, can yet make its junction at level into the Hungerford-bridge. With such an important link connecting the southern lines with the great sys tems north of the Thames, passengers can book through from Southampton, Dover, or Brighton to any part of England or Scotl and without changing carriages. The Importance of such a say i ng of incon- THE SUN. LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 3, 1863. venienee and time will be understood by all travellers who know that to traverse London from the north to catch a southern train is, in point of loss of time, equal to 100 miles of rail added to their journey. In point of trouble and annoyance it is infinitely worse than 200. With the completion of such a link, also, the public are promised the utter banish ment of railway waggons from the streets. Per haps with those overladen, lumbering obstacles e;iminated from our roads, and with the comple tion of the straight, broad avenue which the Thames embankment will offer, our city traffic may become manageable after all, and our streets be, in fact as well as name, practicable thoroughfares. Without some such means of relief all the police regulations which were ever devised can do nothing more to mitigate their present congestion during the very hours when their freedom from obstruction is ne cessary to business. The Charge against a Surgeon. Yesterday evening the inquiry respecting the deaths of the two children which were found on the late Mr. Charles Law, as he was about to dispose of them surreptitiously in the Kingsland-road, on Saturday week, was resumed by Mr. Humphreys, Middlesex coroner, at the Black Horse tavern, Kingsland-road. Mr. It. Dawson, solicitor to the National Societyfor the Prevention of Child Murder, attended to watch the case. Inspector Wiseman said the police had no further evidence to produce. Dr.J.C.Griffiths, police surgeon, said that ho was called to see the two children. The first and stronger was 'a female child. The post mortem examinati on showed that the lungs ungswere not infl a t e d, th ere f ore th e c hild could not breathed , There wer e n o mar k s i n di ca ti ve could have of instruments having been used. It was a six or seven months' child. It might have been born alive, but have been purposely destroyed. There was no reason why it should not have been born alive. Abortion skilfully pro duced hwouldild was the have on left any marks on th e c hild. Th e other ef f o t und in Mr. L aw ' s p oc k e t. Wit ness could not say whether it had b een b orn natura l ly or child otherwise. It was a six or seven months child, and the lungs were not inflated. There was no reason why the child should not have lived. It had been born about a day. There were no marks of violence. The coroner then summed up, and remarked that since the arrest of Mr. Law no dead bodies of children had been found in Shoreditch. If the deceased children had been the victims of abortion, the crime was as bad as if they had been murdered. But under the circumstances it was impossible to arrive at any definite conclusion with regard to them. The statement of Mr. Law was that he had not delivered the children, but had merely undertaken to dispose of the bodies to save the burial fees. The jury returned a verdict " That in the first case the said female child was found dead in an unfinished building, where it had been placed by one Charles Law, and the jurors say that whether the said child was born alive, and, if so, how it came by its death, the evidence does not fully prove ; and that in the second class the female child was found dead in the pocket of the said Charles Law, but whether the said child was born alive, and, if so, the manner of its death, the evidence is not sufficient to show," In the evening Mr. Humphreys re sumed, at the Panther tavern, Hope-town, Bethnal-green, the inquiry relative to the death of Mr. Law. Mrs. Eliza Law, the widow of the deceased, said that her late husband was in the station-house a fortnight ago. He was liberated on the Monday afternoon, and cams home at 6 o'clock. ,His intellect was quite gone. He did not know witness or any of his family. He was irrational. He spoke of birds and fishes. Subsequently fits came cn, He had before suffered in the same way from delirium tremens, and Dr. Walsh said that a relapse would cause either his death or his detention in a madhouse. He died on the 'Wednesday morning. The witness was sure ho did not take anything noxious. He was a registered medical practitioner. Mrs. Fimes, 1, Featherstone-buildings, City-road, confirmed the evidence of the last witness. 11. Williams, 102 N, said that be apprehended Mr. Law for disposing of the dead body of a child. Sergeant Smith said that he booked the charge against the deceased, and put him in the cell. Witness left him at 9 o'clock on Sunday morning. He was perfectly sound in mind then. Witness next saw him on. Mon day morning at Worship-street police-court. He called witness-over to him in the dock and said, " I was taken from Worship -street in a cab and they will take me there in a van. Will you come with me ?" He then spoke to his attorney. Witness thought that Mr. Law made a mistake, or that his mind wandered. That was about midday. Dr. Wm. 'Wallace said he was called in to see the deceased at his house in Virginia-row, Bethnal-green, early on Tues. day morning. He was suffering from delirium tremens. Witness ordered him rest, nourishment, and stimulants. Deceased died next day, Death arose from delirium tremens. A man given to drink and locked up for two days, and ex hibiting aberrations of intellect on the Monday morning, ought to have been seen by a medical man while in cus tody. Witness would have then given stimulants and nourishment. Delirium tremens generally yields quickly to treatment, and it was quite possible that if deceased had been medically attended while in custody his life would have been saved. The Coroner said that if the in carnation he had received was correct, the deceased while in custody was either out of his mind or was shamming insanity. It would be very necessary to ascertain whether proper steps had been taken to discover whether he was really in a state of dangerous diseaFe, or whether the symptoms observed were feigned. Police-constable Williams said that deceased ap peared rational when taken to the police court. He had received coffee and broad and butter for breakfast on the Sunday. When witness arrested him in the Kingsland road he called out for a person named Wyman, who was his assistant. The proceedings were adjourned to investigate the treatment of the deceased while in custody. CHARGE OF FORGERY. Yesterday at 1 o'clock, Frederick George Heatley, other wise Captain Heatley, who stands charged with forging bills of exchange to the amount of about £9,000 in the whole, with intent to defraud the Marquis of Anglesea, the Earl of Uxbridge, and the Earl of Westmoreland, was again brought before the Lord Mayor at the justice room of the Mansion -house for further examination. _ _ _ Mr. Lewis, jun., conducted the examination as before, and the prisoner was defended by Mr. Champ, solicitor. The evidence, as on file previous o ccas i on , was con fi ne d to the specifi c c h ar ge against th e pr i soner of forging and uttering two bills of exchange for £l,OOO and £5OO, within tent to defraud the Marquis of Anglesey and the Earl of Uxbridge; and to render the proceedings of yesterday in telligible it is necessary to state that about the 10th Nov. the prisoner was introduced as Capt. Heatley to Mr. Peters, a commission agent, at a tavern in Bush-lane, Carino-n -street. Mr. Peters, at the request of a Mr. Knights, had then redeemed a bill of exchange for £l,OOO by the payment of £lO, which Mr. Wylde, of the Alhambra Palace, had ad vanced to the prisoner on pledge of the bill. The bill pur ported to be drawn by the Earl of Uxbridge and accepted by the Marquis of Anglesey. At the interview at the public house in Bush-lane the prisoner asked Mr. Peters to get the bill discounted for him, but Mr. Peters told him that it was informal, in consequence of the drawer's name and endorse ment being written on an erasure, and of the stamp being damaged. The prisoner thereupon said he would get a fresh bill from Lord Uxbridge, with whom, he said, he was on thasthhae was also with the Marquis of t view, and returned later in the A m n o g st l e i e n e t y i m. He intimate l t e e f r t m w s i , day with another bill of exchange for £l,OOO, dated Oct. 17, payable at Messrs. Hoare's, the bankers, three months after date, and purporting to be drawn by the Earl of Uxbridge and accepted by the Marquis of Anglesey. Tha prisoner said he got it direct from Lord Uxbridge ; but that, too, Mr Peters declined to get discounted on the ground that the date was written on an erasure. A few days afterwards he met the prisoner at a coffeehouse in St. Martin's-le-Grand, and the latter there and then filled in the two bills of ex change now in question for £lOOO and £5OO, and took them away to be signed by the Marquis of Anglesey and the Earl of Uxbridge at the Junior United Service Club. The pri soner met Peters by appointment at a tavern in the Hay market, and there handed him the bills signed " Uxbridge' as the drawer and "Anglesey" as the acceptor. Suspicion being excited as to the genuineness of the signatures, the prisoner was afterwards given into custody, when another bill was found upon him for £l,OOO, with the names of the same drawer and acceptor attached. Yesterday, on the prisoner being brought up, Mr. Lewis desired to make an explanation with respect to Captain Massey, said to be " Redan Massey," whom the prisoner had sought to connect with these forgeries. From the first the statement of the prisoner in that respect was not for a mo ment believed; but Mr. Lewis said it was due to Major Massey—for such he is, and not a captain--to state that he left this country in July last with his regiment, the sth Lancers, and is now serving with it in India. There could not, therefore, have been the slightest pretence for the pri soner saying that Capt. Massey, if he meant thereby Major Massey, was in any way mixed up with these forgeries, which purported to have been committed in October last, in this country, seeing that the Major was in India. The gal lant officer's reputation, which in some respects was matter of history, was of itself sufficient to protect him from such en imputation; but still he (Mr. Lewis) should be wanting in his duty if he did not say that, so far as he knew, from having had to collect information necessary to this prosecu tion, it was utterly untrue. With respect to Mr. Peters, the principal witness in the case, it was due to him to state that the moment he was convinced that the prisoner had intended to defraud him he gave information to the police, which had resulted in the prisoner being brought to justice. He (Mr. Lewis) did not then intend to go into the charge against the prisoner of forging the name of the Earl of Westmoreland to a bill of exchange. It might be thought desirable to do so on the trial of the prisoner at the Central Criminal Court, but in that event he should give the prisoner due notice. Mr. Peters, in cross-examination by Mr. Champ, said he was a commission agent, and had known the prisoner only hfoirm in afew a p da u y b s ii , ch fr o o ns m a t i h n e ß 9 u th sh o .i f fine, Novembercamonl ast. Cannon-street. tr. That et lie met was the first interview, and he saw biro later in the same day at the same publichouse. A few days afterwards he saw him in Whitecross-street Prison. The signat ures " Anglesey " to the bills produced were not palpably dif ferent, but they differed iu 09EUO respects, 1:10 wadergitcvd the Marquis of Anglesey and the Earl of Uxbridge resided in London, but he believed what the prisoner had said about the bills, and he did not think it worth his while to go to them. He occasionally gave the prisoner a shilling and half-a-crown while the transaction was pending. The pri soner did not appear to be rich, and notwithstanding that witness did not think it extraordinary that such a man should have in his possession two bills for £l,OOO and £5OO, purporting to be drawn and accepted by the Marquis of Anglesey and the Earl of Uxbridge. By Mr. Lewis—The prisoner had told him that he was on most intimate terms with the marquis and the earl, and that he had actually seen them sign the bills in question. Sergeant Huggert, in cross-examination, said the prisoner was in a deplorably destitute condition when ho took him into custody. The Marquis of Anglesey was called. He reside at 48, Albermarle-street. The acceptances to the four bills produced are certainly not in my handwriting, either one or other of them, nor were they written by my authority. I do not know the prisoner. lam not a member of the Junior United Service Club. Messrs. Hoare are not my bankers. By Mr. Champ—The acceptances are not in the least like my signature. Mr. Mark William Lyndon, clerk in the Guards , depart ment of Messrs Cox, the army agent in Craig's-court, said the Earl of Uxbridge kept an account with them. He was well acquainted with the handwriting of the earl, and the signatures to the endorsement of the bills produced did not in the least resemble it. By Mr. Champ—lf anybody had come to him with those bills he should at once haw pronounced them to be for geries. Mr. Charles Amow, clerk to Messrs. Clack, army agents in Leicester-square, deposed that Major Massey, known as " Redan" Massey is now attached to the sth Lancers. The regiment left Plymouth in July last for Calcutta in the ship Newcastle, and Major Massey went with it. He was not in England in October last. • Mr. Champ addressed the Court for the prisoner. He submitted that the mere writing the name of a person to a document did not constitute a forgery, unless it could be shown there was an intention to defraud. Was it at all likely that he could have expected, in his then destitute con dition, to palm off on a man with the experience of Mr. Peters two bills for £I,OOO and £5OO, purporting to be signed by two noblemen within easy reach ? It was as little likely that Mr. Peters, meeting the prisoner for the first time in an obscure public house in Bush-lane, could have believed the bills were genuine, or that he could have got them dis counted, the prisoner being then without shoes, and desti tute to all appearance. The prisoner was a man with re spectable family connexions, but unfortunately he had be come addicted to the vice of drunkenness, and to that his present position was attributable. He did not believe that any jury would convict the prisoner, considering that there could have been no intent on his part to defraud Mr. Peters —and no other person had complained of having been de frauded—intent being the very essence of all crime. Mr. Lewis said that when a man attempted, as the pri soner had done, to put into circulation bills to the amount of £9,000, and asked another .to discount them, he must have intended to defraud somebody. _ _ _ Mr. Goodman said in the case of "the Queen v. Beaed," 8, C. and P. 143, Mr. Justice Coleridge said, " As to the intent, I must tell you that every man is taken to intend the natural consequences of his own act. If I present to you a bill with the name of ray friend upon it, knowing it to be forged, it would be idle to say that I had no intent to injure him." Mr. Champ said that was a very old case, and that there had been a different decision since. ➢lr. Goodman—lt is standard law in the city of London at all events, Mr. Lewis explained that the Marquis of Anglesey and the Earl of Uxbridge had only been actuated in coming for. ward in this matter by the desire to prevent a man of whom they knew nothing going about London to defraud people, though they could not but regret his destitute condition. The prisoner, on being cautioned from the bench as to anything he might say, reserved bis defence. The Lord Mayor committed him to Nevgate for trial, and declined, as not being within his power, to entertain an application by his solicitor to admit him to bail in the meantime. LAW INTELLIGENCE—Yesterday, COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH, After Term Sittings at Nisi Prius, at Westminster, before Lord Chief Justice Cockburn and Special Juries.) FRANKEL V. THE LONDON AND NORTH WESTERN RAILWAY COMPANY. According to the opening statement of his counsel, the plaintiff, then 17 years of age, was in 1861 studying with a view to qualify himself for a commission in the Royal Engineers, and in August he set out on a tour partly for pleasure and partly for the purpose of seeing various large engineering works in different parts of the country. On Sept. 2, 1861, he took out a ticket for Manchester at the defendants' office at Buxton. Passengers were conveyed by an omnibus from Buxton to Whaleybridge, where they joined the Manchester train. On this occasion there were 23 passengers and a great deal of luggage on the omnibus. The mail coach from Matlock to Manchester left Buxton about the same time as the omnibus, and on getting to a long and rather steep descent, about two miles from Buxton, the drivers commenced to race, the omnibus being first. As ihe mail coach came dangerously near, one of the omni bus passengers, fearing there might be a collision, cried out something to the driver, who then pulled his horses to the left; the near front wheel, which had been previously on the hard road, came upon a sift hollow grassy place, at the side of the road, and caused the omnibus to give a lurch. The plaintiff and another passenger, seated on the left hand _ _ side of the driver, were thrown off. The plaintiff was taken up insensible, and conveyed to the Joddrel Arms Hotel, Whaleybridgo, kept by a Mrs. Ward. Before this acci dent he was strong, active, and healthy, and had every prospect of a bright and prosperous future, Now he is a perfect wreck, both in body and mind; he has gradually become worse, and it is almost certain that he has sustained an incurable injury of the brain and spinal chord, which will likely terminate in paralysis. This was supported by the evidence of the plaintiff himself, whose shattered and helpless appearance excited great commiseration, and by that of four of his fellow-passengers. After hearing this evidence his lordship said it was impossible to doubt the accuracy of the account given by these witnesses. One could almost see the scene, and the wonder was that the whole of the passengers were not killed. Mr. Lush said that this evidence was very different from the account given to the railway company, but he would not attempt to resist it. Evidence to show the extent of the injury was then adduced. The plaintiff's mother, who was deeply affected, said that she was a widow, and he was her only child. He came toFolkestone two days after the accident,of which she heard nothing. She was sitting listening to some music, and, that he might not alarm her by too sudden an appear ance, he stood in front of her, trying to attract her attention. His arm was in a sling, his face was elongated, his features were distorted, and she did not recognise him. Her servant asked if it were not like her son, but she looked and said, " Oh, no ; not the least." He stood thus nearly five minutes till the servant drew attention to the pattern of his trousers, which was some what peculiar, and this made her look closely at him, and at last she saw something in the expression of his eyes which enable her to recognise him. She then detailed the efforts that had been made to effect his cure. She had taken him from Folkestone to Paris to see an eminent surgeon, who was said to be unusually successful in the treatment of injuries caused by a sudden shock, and stsyed there five or six weeks, but without his receiving any benefit. She had since tried the best surgeons and physicians in London, but instead of growing better he seemed rather worse. He suffered constant pain, his memory was affected, also his eyesight ; a kind of dimness came over his eyes, and he fancied he saw people when no one was near; he was very restless, and often could not sleep ; his mind occasion ally wandered, and he was sometimes very excited, and at other times very depressed. A number of eminent surgeons corroborated this statement, and said that there was little if any chance of recovery. On the contrary, there was great reason to expect that he would become helplessly paralysed and probably Mr. Lush addressed the jury in mitigation of damages. The Lord Chief Justice, in summing up, said that this was one of the moat distressing cases he had ever seen or known in a court of justice. A young man had gone forth happy and strong, in the highest health and vigour ; and, by the recklessness and mad folly of a driver, he had in one moment become a wreck, and henceforth his life was a blank. He did not think this was a case in which they should listen to any arguments in mitigation founded on the alleged poverty of those on whom the consequences of their verdict would ultimately fall. Instead of a life of activity and honour, full of hope and enjoyment, this un fortunate young man was doomed for ever to be the miser able creature they had seen. Instead of a happy and useful existence his future life would be a life of suffering, and misery, and dependence, till in the progress of this disease the Lord in his mercy might sweep him away. Could his mother but stifle her maternal instincts, and listen to the voice of her calmer reason, she probably would prefer that this accident had ended his days. No money could com pensate an injury like this, but it was for them to say what amount of compensation should be given. His Lordship spoke with the deepest emotion, and his utterance was frequently chocked by sobs, which he vainly endeavoured to repress. When he concluded there was scarcely a dry eye in the Court. The plaintiff's mother, a tall and dignified woman, was completely overcome, and attempted to leave before the verdict was returned, but the crowd was so great that she had the utmost difficulty in making ker way out. ' • - At the request of jury Dr. Hawkesley was recalled, and al . ked whether the symptoms indicative of injury to the spinal column were likely to increase, and paralysis ensue in the lower;extremities. Dr, Hawkesley rep lied that looking to the ordinary course of disease in similar cases, and considering th e s y mp t oms i n this case, he was of opinion that the probable re su lt would be a total los s of power—. first in the lower extremities and eventually in the arms, and, ultimately eomplete idiocy was very likely to ensue. He added that it was impossible to say how lone the patient might survive. It might b? 10 or 1 : it might be more. He would not hazza years, or any Afton' mow dclik , erA,S9P' 'Lao of the jury Warmed the Lord Chief Justice, and said that the jury thought £1,500 a reasonable sum, and his lordship took this as the verdict and and left the Court ; but he had hardly done so when another juryman started up and said that the rest of the jury had never agreed to this, but that, on the contrary, he and at least five others thought the verdict should be for £2,000. Sergeant Shee instantly sent a messenger for his lordship, who returned into court, and, after some explanation and discussion, said that as six of the jury stated that they had not agreed to the verdict, it could not be accepted ; and the jury accordingly consulted again for a few minutes, and then returned, through their foreman, a verdict for the plaintiff, damages £2,000. Mr. Sergeant Shee and Sir George Honyman appeared for the plaintiff; Mr. Lush, Q.C., and Mr. Ashbury for the defendants. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS TIMES.—The resolution which was carried yester day by a large majority at a crowded meeting of the Bar embodies a statement which has long been recog nised as a truism by the profession and the public. To say of a system which leaves one branch of our law to be shaped by irresponsible reporters, and provides no authentic register of decisions affecting the rights of every British subject, that it "requires amendment" is to affirm what is self-evid e nt. Many may think that too much weight is attached to precedents, and that it would be far better if our tribunals were no longer absolutely bound by them. There are but few principles of the Common Law that have not found their way into statutes, and if an authoritative digest of these were compiled, modern Judges might still be guided, without being fettered, by the opinions of their predecessors. This, however, is not the present question. The question is whether, assuming that the series of cases mis called "unwritten law" is to remain uncodified and undigested, some adequate security should not to be taken for their being reported properly. Hitherto no such security has been found, or even sought in earnest, since the Year-books were discontinued in the reign of Henry VIII. A partial and futile effort of Lord Bacon to procure an official record of case law, and constant expressions of vain regret from our great lawyers, beginning with Coke, are the only traces of a disposition to confer this great boon on the nation. We are told that ignorance of the law is no excuse for any Englishman, and yet it is a fact, not only that we may be crushed with obscure precedents gleaned up and down many hundred volumes, but that the most recent have to be verified by a comparison of several different versions. For a proof of the inconvenience and injury to the inte rests of justice that may arise from discrepancies in reporting, we need not go further back than the case of the "Alexandra," although it was the published notes of the shorthand writer that were there impugned. The disputes that may occur now and then on the motion for a new trial, for want of cer • tainty as to the language employed by the Judge, are, however, trifling compared with the permanent evil of having no reports of conclusive authority. It is somewhat hard that the mischief of an evil precedent, once established, can be annulled by the Legislature alone, but it is monstrous that so fatal a power should belong to a precedent which may have been incorrectly reported after all. This is the main abuse with which Mr. Daniel calls upon the legal profession to deal. He traces the history , of judge-made law from the earliest times, show ing how the Year-books were succeeded by a period of "loose" reporting„loose reporting by a close licensing system, the licensing system by a privi leged monopoly, and monopoly by open competition between " regular" Reporters, legal serials, and newspapers. The only value of this historical skstch is to show that we have tried every way, except the best one, and have failed to obtain what we have a right to insist upon. At this moment we have six sets of reports competing with each other, none of which can be quoted as a final stan dard of,reference, and all of which can be quoted as evidence on the point decided. Mr. Denman argues that this multiplicity of reports is the best gua rantee for accuracy, and the best corrective for the tendency of judges to qualify what they have them selves laid down. But surely these two objects would be more directly attained if one transcript of the judgment were deliberately made by re sponsible persons from their own notes, checked as they would still be by the trustworthy, though un authorised, testimony of private reporters. Mem bers of the bar and the public generally would then know where to find the doctrines upon which the fate of future lawsuits may depend. As it is, the omission of a material element in the case, or the confusion of an obiter thcturn with the ratio dem dendi, may entirely vitiate the value of a precedent as preserved in a particular report, which may have been prepared in the utmost haste for a weekly or monthly periodical. The only remedy for this is the collation of it with other reports of the same fugitive kind, and with those which come out— sometimes years afterwards —with a certain cordial prestige and under the names of their authors, though not always with any paramount claim to respect. Granting that the exact significance of the decision can be elicited in this way, the process is enormously dilatory and expensive. It is dilatory, because the reporters, out of a natural anxiety to omit nothing which others insert, crowd their pages with cases which prove nothing, and details which do not elucidate the cases. It is expensive, because it involves taking in or getting access to six publications instead of one, the price of this last being enhanced by the very diminution of its circulation owing to the opposition of its rivals. When we add that even the reports which are called " regular " are under no uniform system of management, are com piled on different principles, are issued at uncertain intervals, and possess no judicial sanction, although they are often corrected by the Judges, we have said enough to recommend Mr. Daniel's resolution to the common sense of onr readers. The next question, and indeed the only one that admits of serious con troversy, is, what is to be done ? We might evade this, as the meeting evaded it, by throwing it upon the committee of eminent lawyers just appointed. Perhaps, however; . the problem is one which would appear more formidable to a professional than to an ordinary mind. In the first place, there is really no reason why the appointment of an official, or, as we should prefer to call him, a responsible, reporter for each Court should exclude the class whose interests are supposed to be adverse to change. It would be the duty of this gentle man, out of whatever fund he might be paid, to select and reduce to a succinct form those cases, and those only, which i nvo l ve i mportant matters of law. This would take some little time; and mean while the curiosity of the public and the profession would create a demand for ampler and fresher ac counts of legal proceedings. In the great majority of the cases contemplated written judgments are even now pronounced, and the responsible reporter would have nothing to do but to embody them, as is now done. The chief difference would be that he would be bound to produce the results of his labours with much greater despatch than at present, and that the judges would revise their own word s while they were still fresh in their memories. No doubt it would be an essential feature of this system that no other report could be cited as conclusive ; bat the Bench might still be enlightened by cases borrowed from nonofficial sources, as they now are by the extempore illustrations which counsel frequently offer from their own experience. Some thing like this practice has been adopted in Parlia ment, and there ar e no apparent objections to its application in Courts of Law. It would not in volve of necessity the principle that the Judge should be virtu a ll y hi s own Reporter where the judgment is oral, for the reporting body might be made independent of th e J u di cature . Th ese are essentially difficulties of detail, and such as the leaders of the legal profession, in concert with the Bench, might easily overcome. What the public and the working members of the Bar may fairly expect is an accessible and sufficient record, at a reasonable cost and within a reasonable time, of the law which the Judges are always making, though by a legal fiction they are said to declare it, and which thenceforth becomes binding upon all. Whe• ther this record should be prepared under State sanction or under judicial sanction, and how far private enterprise should be encouraged at the same time, it is for the committee to consider. HERALD.—It is with m uc h regre t th a t we fi n d our predictions as to the small amount of good which the Government labour scheme w ould e ff ect for the Lancashire operatives a re i n course o f being verified. The Public Works Bill was passed with the express object of giving speedy aid to the unfortunate sufferers. The public were told at the time that there was no cure for the evil, and all that could be done was to afford temporary relief. The measure , accordingly became law ; but the summer has pa sse d away, the autumn has gone, the winter . has arr iv ed, . and now we are informed that not until nex t . spring will the act come into operation with anything lik e fulness ! Can any more complet e . fa ilu re . be con ceived ? On the one hand, there is an idle popula- tion existing from hand to mouth as paupers or the elapse rec ipients of charity ; on the other, th ere i s a Ministry asking Parliament to sanction a p l an w hi c h would a ff ord immediate relief to the sufferers - , an d although the representatives of the country at on ce gave their hearty support to the sch eme , we n ow find that a period of nine months mus t before it is able to effect the promis e d good. Whil e e the bill was before Pa r li ament w d c interference w i in t t h h e a a t ff i i the irs i o n f t 1 43 d ep recated State re, unlesli :' in the organisatio n o f a s erference vv^~' - more fitted to meet #l,_ Mem -- than any —' • ' ,uid result - ALiore complete and —4O requirements of the case, gulch could be devised by the benevolent uesigns of individuals or the combined action of relief committees. We also took exception to the statement that the public improvements carried out tinder the proyimicwo the act would mot the operatives in getting over the hardships of winter, believing that if they were unfitted for emigration they were equally unfitted for out-of-door labour in cold weather. This opinion has also been confirmed. Mr. Farne..l Laving on Monday last stated that even in the towns where public works have been commenced not a single able bodied man will be found at work upon them should it turn out, as is generally anticipated, hard winter. Looked. at, then, in all its bearings, the Government labour scheme, up to the present time, has been useless. During the passage of the bill throughout Parliament the calculations of the Home Secretary that it would yield employment to between 70,000 and 80,000 meu, were cut down by Mr. Farnall to 30,000. Now it is shown that if the winter prove severe it will do no good whatever until the spring, and finally, though both Lords and Commons hurried on the bill, so that no time should be lost, redtepeism has stepped in, and has erected so many barriers that vexatious delays vir tually nullify the little benefit it was calculated would be derived from the measure, The local au thorities of the various towns have eagerly applied for loans, and are ready to commence operations; and at Ashton works are already in progress, having been undertaken on the faith of Government promises, but the money is not forthcoming. There is on the part of officials a more than common dile: toriness, and it appears that such a multiplicity et mortgages has to be given —a separate deed being required for each instalment of loan—that the feel ing is gaining ground in Lancashire that it is ne" cessary to think twice before adopting the act. Indeed, Mr. Hugh Mason states that in Ashton the corporation had always borrowed money at 4 per cent., but on account of the delay in receiving in; stalments of the loan applied for they are obliged to obtain money to carry out the works undertaken , for which bankers charge at the rate of 5 per cent.; so that by placing themselves under the Public Works Act the authorities are decided losers. Net for a moment do we advocate the affairs of the country being managed upon the slap-dash prin . ciple which ultra-Radicals consider so admirable; but in the case of relieving the burdens of the Lan cashire operatives forms might have been simple' fled, and the needless circumlocution of dividing the business between the Poor-law Board and the loan commissioners done away with. H a d the latter been empowered to hand over the sumo required to the former much unnecessary delaf would have been avoided. Fortunately the Central Committee at Manchester exists, and at the last meeting the grievance we e ventilated and the wise suggestion of Lord Derbf adopted—namely, that the circumstances of the csee should be at once brought to the notice of the Home Secretary. But even though this be done, and henceforward less delay occur, it will not alter the opinion of the public as to the failure of the Govern' merit plan to ameliorate the condition of the cotton hands. The report of Mr. Farnall for the week ending the 21st ult. shows an increase of paupe rism amounting in the twenty-se ven un i ons to 861 persons. The total numb er now i s 129 , 444 , or 6.; per cent. of the population, against 259,385, or 1 3 .; per cent., in the corresponding week of 1862, and 53,206, or 3.7, at the same period in 1361. nu? : ► then, there is a dimin u ti on u p on th e year o f 129,93; persons, but an increase upon 1861 of 76,238, and if to these be add e d th e num b er supported by re lio , committees it wilt be seen how very far Lancashire, is from its normal c on diti on . I n f act, the re per' from Manchester is gloomy in the extreme, but as we have never been of those who believed the crisis would pass away with th e w i n t er, t h e condition 0., the operatives is not worse than we anticipated would be. In several districts factories are being altogether closed ; in others, in consequence of th e , present state of the co tt on mar k et, the d ays °' labour have been curtailed ; so that even with the calculated supply of the staple next year we s hall, we fear, find L ancas hi re st ill una bl e to emp l o y all the mill hands. We have no wish to see cotton manufactures wiped out from the list of British articles of home production, but we must say We should gladly find the monopoly of the trade broken up. There is now no real advantage gained in con centrating it in one district, while its distributio n over several parts of England would carry wealth to other counties, and effectually prevent the recur rence of a disaster like that under whioh Lancashire, with all its energy, now lies prostrate. COUNTRY MARKETS. -(1 LYNN-T UES DAY. At to-day's market there was'a fair Supply of wheat' with a steady sale, and for fine samples the prices of loft week advanced is per quarter; other sorts as before. Malting barley fully supported late rates ; grinding rather cheaper. Oats and Leans were fully dearer. White 45s to 46s I Barley 37s to 395 RQd .. ..408 to 41s I Grinding ..33s to 34s Beans .43s to 44s I Oats .22s to 26s New 388 to 40s I Peas —s to HULL-TUESDAY. At this day's market the show of English wheat WO moderate, with a fair sale, at fully late rates. Wheat.... Old white per qr • ... 43s Od to 458 Od Old red 7 f New white .. „ New red .... „ n 37s Od to 39s Od Od Barley.... English malting 32s Od to 36 s 'e a Grinding 2 Saal and Oderbruck s s o to dto 268 a 0 1 Holstein and Danish 3 os Od to o' s Grindin 28s Od to 31s 00 m Oats English,'' old 2 28 Od to 2 4 81340 d Archangel and Riga, per st O Bl2O to n , d Friesland and Dutch oBl3d to Oaln. Swedish and Danish Beans ....English, old, per qr New pigeon New tick Egyptian Peas Foreign boilers . Grinding Tares ....Spring . 333 4 202 2 sss s 600 0 ddd d d i t ct o o. o t : 333 4 1 1 v0000 :I Indian Corn Linseed, feeding crushing • ...... 45 34 2 0 3 0° sss s ss 1 000 0 °2 ddddi to tt t 00 0 5 4 3_64 ; ; 00 . I , 40s Od to 52s Od Linseed cakes (Hull) £9 5 oto SO 0 „P Foreign: Bl5 oto 9 0 '' Rape cakes 6 0 oto 0 0 0 Bones 5 5 oto 610 0 MELTON MOWBRAY-TUESDAY. The following were the currencies :—New white wheat,' 41s Od to 45s Od ; new red, 39s Od to 43s per 36 stone; beans, 39s to 41s for old; new sorts, 36s to 38s per 38 st. ; barley, 35s to 37s for malting, and 28s to 32s per qr. for grinding; new _oats, 20s to 23s Od per 24 stone; old) 2 ' to 295. COAL MARKET, Prioes of Coal per Ton at the close of the resr let. 6 , d. Lambert's West Hart- S. d. " Davison's Wes t - 1104 16 g - ley ................ 15 3 1ey.......... ...... Byass's Beb s id e West Hartley ......... 15 6 walls 6 6 Holywell ............ 17 6 Hetton ... . .......... 19 0 West H art l ey 15 9 North Hartlepoo l . ... Tanfield Moor Butes ..15 6 Ships at marke It, 20 ; sold, 17. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritiu s , v i a S outhamp t o n Dec. 19 . via Marseilles ..• Dec. 1 3 . brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Dec. 4 . Cape of G oo d H ope , A scension, and St. Helena Dec. 29. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton Dec. 2. via Marseilles Dec. 13. Falkltlnd Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton Dec. 2. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Dec. 2. via Marseilles Dec. 13. India (Bombay), via Southampton Dec. 12. via Marseilles Dec. 6* Portuga 1.... Malta, Egypt, an d Ad en , v i a Southampton Dec. 2. via Marseilles D ec. O. .. Dec. 4. Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo U. S. and British N. America, b y Canadian t.j packet ... a c k p e a t e . k . e t. pee. 4 3.. by U.S. packet.... by W.C. of Africa, Madeira, an d Teneriffe .......... D ec. 1 0. Bahamas, via New York ...................... Dec. 17. Mexico ................................... ...Dec. 29 All parts of West Indies, including Chili, ... . ...Dec. 1 California. and British Columbia.. ... . ... Dec. 23 , ... A'i Ti Births. CLARhe wif K. e of On the 2d R . irst., at G rove Rouse, S. Hackney, HOWLE TT.— Iett, of O a daughter, n the 27th inst., at B righton, Mrs, J. IY* How t Henry Clarke, Bsq, ) C f a daughter. TUYNNE.—On the 27th ult., at 7A, Cromwell-place, Lady Edward Thynne, of a daughter. VIN.Ce EN of T.—O r the 2d inst., at Leighton-road, N. W, tot a son. wif Vincent, Esq., o f th e E xc h equ er-ofacei Marriages. AxsoN—CLAUGHTON.—On the let inst., at Kidderrai!l; ster r , Major th e Hon. Augustus Anson, p., to Anaci l Maia, M.P., daughter of the Rev. I'. L. Claugh ol3 ' vicar of Kidderminster. LIND—DATIs.—On the Ist inst., at the British Emb ass3r ' Paris, Captain James Burnie Lind, Bengal Staff Corp: to Florenc e , youngest daughter of Sir John F. Dal" Bart„K.C.B. Deaths. BRADLEY. —On the Ist atUppor nerkeley-stree t / W4 Wm. Henry B ra dl e y, E sq. , aged "*j. HYDE. —On the Ist inst„ , Du k i n f l ear aged 62. Bonn Hyde, hsq., • PERRY,—Or Robert F. Pori— - the Ist inst., at Oxford, the Rev. oYMONS.— M On the 28th ult. a t Fieldhead, Haw kesheadr Major Symons, late Bengal ' Artillery. ark-O f . SA.LTEII,—On the 30th ult., at 5, Kensington-p_ dens, Emily, wilow of the late General James t' C.B. 111••••••••••••••• London : Priraed and rublished by 'WILLIAM ANDRk , of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at 'DIE SUN Office No• /1 ' " 1 Strand, in the Precinct o f the Savoy, in the COW," ° MititileßX,..ThtllKDlYl_DeGeW4er 5, 1663.. X. 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