The Sun. — London, England, 1863-01-13 00:00:00

ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT GARDEN. Under the Management of Miss Louisa Pyne and Mr. W. Harrison, Sole Lessees. THIS EVENING Wallace's new Opera of LO' TRIUMPH : Miss Louisa Pyne, and Mdme. Laura Barters ; Messrs. George Perren, W. H. Weiss, H. Corn, A. Cooke, and W. Harrison. Conductor—Mr. A. Mellon. . . After which, the Grand Comic Christmas Pantomime, en titled HARLEQUIN BEAUTY AND THE BEAST. Doors open at hall-past 6—Commence at 7. THEA TRE-R YA L, DRURY-LANE.- Lessee and Manager, Mr. Edmund Falconer. THIS EVEN ING, the Comio Drama of THE NEXT OF After which, the Grand Pantomime of LITTLE GOODY TWO SHOES. . Commence at 7. TREAT RE-KO Y Al,, HAY MARKET. Lessee. Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, at Seven o'clock, will be performed OUR AMERICAN COUSIN. Asa Trenchard, Mr. Buck atone Lord Dundreary, Mr. Sothern. After which, a new and original Extrayartanza, entitled RASSELAS, PRINCE OF ABYSSINIA; or, The Happy Valley. Rasselas, Miss Louise Keeley. Concluding with MRS. WHITE. THEATRE -ROYAL LYCEUM OPEN, under the Sole Management of Mr. PECHTER. THIS EVENING (TUESDAY), January 12th, and /every evening during the week, to commence with an Original Sketch, entitled A SUDDEN ATTACK. Messrs. Shore, Garden, H. Widdicomb, Miss Henrade, and Mrs. Lee. After which, at a Quarter to Eight, a New Romantic Drama, in Three Acts, and Pr3logue, entitled THE DUKE'S MOTTO, by Paul Feval and John Brougham. The principal character will be sustained by Mr. Pechter, supported by Messrs. G. Vining, J. Brougham, H. Widdi combe, W. M'lntyre, F. Charles, Ga r d en, Raymond, tf,- Butler, Dawson ; Misses Carlotta Leclercq, Kate Terry. Lavenue. and Elsworthy. Mr. Phelps and Mr. W. Montgomery are engaged , shortly appear. to commence and will Doors open at half-past Six, performalle2 x2 2 8 . Places at Seven. Private Boxes, £2 12s. 5d., san s , gd. ; Upper registered. Stalls, 6e. ed. ; Dress C Circle, 4s. 6d. Prices at doors—Stalls , 6140 half-price. Box ir°l_:!'Dress Circle, 55. ; U . per Circle, is.; Pit, 2s. ,• üblic are entreated to . ice open daily from 11 till 5. 'r he occupants of boxes, take notice that no charge is play bills or for the sate box places, or stalls, either for and that the attendants in all parts keep ing of hats and cloaks in Acting-Manager, Mr. H. of the house are forniddennto receive any gratuities whatever mx. G. Vin g. Stage-Manager. Barnett. y A L PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. Lindus. THIS EVENING, THE TRIPLE ALLIANCE. Mr. H. Isiarston, Mr. Wallace ; Miss Constance Aylmer, Miss M. °Byer, and Mrs. B. White. After which, the New Grand CHRISTMAS PANTOMIME, RIQUET WITH THE TUFT ; or, Harlequin and Mother Shipton." Mr. G. Belmore, Mr. C. Seyton, Misses Gray and Hudspeth, Mr. Milano, Mr. R. Power, Miss A. Collinson, and Jr.r Raiford. NEW THEATRE-R0 YAL, Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, THE LITTLE TREASURE. Mr Billington, Mr. R. Phillips, and Miss Marie Wilton. After which, A TICKET OF LEAVE : Messrs. J. L.Toole, p. Bedford, and Mrs. Billlngton. To conclude with " GEORGE DE BARNWELL : or, Harlequin Follyin the Realms of Fancy." Miss Woolgar, Miss K. Kelly, Miss Seaman ; Messrs. J. L. Toole, P. Bed ford, Slephenson, C. J. Smith. Harlequin, Mr. John Lauri ; Columbine, Miss Caroline Adams ; Clown, Mr. W. Hildyard ; Pantaloon, Mr. J. Paulo. The celebrated Arthur and Bertrand. Commence at 7. ,__—..—.__ The WEATHEB•"Sun Office, Jan. 13, 1863. THERMOYETZR. Ilighest since Noon yesterday. .. 42 L o west during the night ... 35 This day at Noon 4O Barometer -30.90. Wind—North.W, ; moderate, with fine weather. Fog in the morning,. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Ting DAY. —Morning, 7h. 9m.—Afternoon, 7h. 30m Tamonso-w.-Morning, 7h. 59m.—Afternoon, Bh. 32m, 'Zrb M~~ (~, v ~.:~ 1 lfl LONDON, TUESDAY, JANUARY 13, 1863. The EMPEROR'S Speech, on opening the Imperial Chambers yesterday, has at any rate this obvious advantage—it is pacific. Peace in Europe, his Majesty declares, in the very midst of his harangue, is guaranteed. The strength of the guarantee he attributes to the personal inter views that have taken place between the Sove reigns :—" During the years recently passed," he says, " I have been enabled to have personal interviews with most of the reigning Sovereigns, and from those interviews friendly relations have arisen which are so many guarantees for the peace of Europe." Ignoring in this, altogether, the in fluence of the amicable relations which facilitated intercourse has caused to spring up between the peoples of Christendom. The above is a truly auto cratic view, as will be observed. A por tion of the truth there is, no doubt, is the EM PEROR'S remark—but the whole truth there is not. Having spoken thus, however, of the peace, his MAJESTY adds,—" This peace cannot be disturbed by the events which have just taken place in Greece." Greece at this moment affording the only imminent difficulty to the European Govern ments. Yet, by the events now transpiring in Greece, NAPOLEON 111. declares emphatically Peace cannot be disturbed ! If only because of its containing that one formal and emphatic declara tion, the EmPzuon's inaugural harangue would be deserving of note, and more than simply of note, of commendation as eminently, nay, as pre-eminently Pacific. It is in the enumeration of his achievements, however, that he addresses himself the most effec tively to his subjects —flattering their pride—kind ling their patriotism. This enumeration is, to say the least of it, remarkable. It is worthy of a French Sovereign. It is an a ppeal throughout to tke national sense of La Gloire. Oddly, almost whimsically at the outset of this extraordinary enumeration, the EMPEROR says—" It is a usual thing to suspect in the acts of Sovereigns some, secret motive or some mysterious combination.' Adding in the very longest sentence we can re member, his usually laconic MAJESTY to have in dulged in :—" Yet my policy has always been simply to increase the prosperity of France and her moral preponderance without abusing and without weakening the power placed in my hands; to maintain abroad within the limits of right and of treaties, the legitimate aspiration of nations towards a better position ; to develope our com mercial relations with those countries towards which we are drawn closer by a greater community of interests; to erase from diplomatic parch. ments the old questions of litigation, so as to obviate all pretexts of misunderstanding; to insist, finally, upon a full reparation for any insult offered to our flag, for any prejudice against our country men." A grand programme certainly ! Yet one that the reigning EMPEROR immediately goes on to maintain that he has scrupulously carri ed out, as it were, seriatim . " It is thus,' be says, a ccording to circumstances , "t hat ' Ihave been enabled to carr y out these principl es . I n the East," par exemple, quoth his Majesty, "the national wish of the Danubian Principalities to f or m only one people could not find us unconcerned , any ou port has contributed to cement their union :' Adding sup dding furthermore, in regard to this, W e have given our support to what we thought justifiable in the griev ances of Syria and of Montenegro, and of the Christians of Syria, without disavowing the rights of the Ottoman Porte." It is in referenen to Italy, however, and to his tortuous Ita lian policy that the EMPEROR speaks—who cau wonder at it ?—the most ambiguously. " Our arms," he sap, " have defended th e inde p endence of Italy without tanipEriog with revolution—without altering after the day of battle our friendly relations with our adversaries even for a day—without aban doning the H o ly Father, whom our honour and our past engagements bound us to support." Language, this, that satisfy no one—unwelcome alike to General GARIBALDI at Caprera, and t o Cardinal ANTONELLI in the Vatican. So is it, in regard to the other States—so is it in ici,• -13....AJEsTY'S allusions, now to Spain, now to Switzerland. In striving to satisfy everyone, NAPOLEON runs the hazard of pleasing no one—except the glory-loving French man. For throughout, there is no doubt but that THE SUN, LoNoox., TUESDAY 147.VP,41NG, JANUARY 13, 1863 French interests have been especially subserved. An acknowledgment made, it should be said, how ever, in no way at all invidiously. Wisely and grandly enhanced those French interests have been, without question, in the vast majority of in stances. Who shall deny this, for example, when the reigning Emperor of FRANCE can say, and can say truthfully, to Messieurs les Senateurs and to Messieurs les Deputes, to the members of the Senate and of the Corps Legislatif—" Commercial treaties have been, or are on the eve of being, con cluded with England, Belgium, Prussia, Italy, and Switzerland." A glorious catalogue of achieve ments these—beyond any array that could be named of bloodstained victories t Possibly, er rather probably, to the hearts of all Patriot Frenchmen, the grandest sentence of all in the Imperial harangue, the one that the e doubtless 6oo, oo o by this time stirred the hearts of a l l soldiers of France --cavalry, infa ntry, is thanat in which "—as with the soun d of a trump et, his Imperial MAJESTY says, simply and finally, if Expeditions to China, Cochin-China, and Mexico prove that there are not any countries, no matter how far distant, where any attempt against the honour of France remains unpunished." Altogether it is a speech eminently French, pre-eminently im perial throughout. But for Europe generally it is satisfactory also—for it is pacific. tion ; the Stockport Union an addition of 4,607 to the number working full time. Oldham in its monthly report gives 2,448 more hands in full work, 229 less on short time, and 2,149 fewer wholly out of work. There are other reports also, which we need not quote. It can hardly be doubted, therefore, that the first ripples of the ebb are to be seen, in what we have already mentioned ; and the decrease of pauperism, ap proaching 30,000 persons, can only be due to one chief cause. We deprecate, however, the assumption too hastily made in a few quarters, that because the tide has turned there may be any relaxation yet in our charitable exertions. We have reaped the benefit of giving quickly and thus giving double ; but we must not injure our past charity by with holding our hand too soon. The time will yet be long before sufficient employment will become gene ral. Manufactured goods are yet slow to rise in price, and when they have done so the consequent cheek on consumption will, we fear, be great. Half work at low wages will be the best that can be hoped for as the summer approaches, and even that will not, we fear, be obtained by the majority. We shall have saved our cotton workers from starva tion in winter's cold; the bleak English spring will probably be even more trying to them than Christ mas and the New Year. Early in November a cut ting frost aroused us all to reclothe the population which, during the warmer weather, had almost de nuded itself to obtain food. We shall have more such weather yet, and it will not be in Englishmen to allow the needy to encounter it as they did the cruel blasts of November. The weather has since been merciful ; but it will be the wish of all, having insured Lancashire thus far, not to refuse, in insur ance language, the last Premium which shall make the Policy available. We are all aware that there is a large cotton ma nufacture in France, though it cannot pretend to vie in magnitude with that which smokes and whirrs over the coalbeds of Lancashire. We know therefore that there must be great difficulty and distress there as well as in our own cotton districts ; yet all this distress, if suffered, was suffered silently. We heard nothing, or next to nothing, of it on this side the Channel ; we inferred its existence almost as theoretically and analogically as we do the occupation of the other planets of our system by intelligent beings. We believe it was a correspondent of our weekly contem porary, the Spectator, a week ago, who first brought before the English public something like definite information on what it could not be doubted was the truth ; and his statements since then have baen fully confirmed. The inquiry is natural, how such distress could have existed, and England have heard nothing of it through the French papers ? Every week, since Lancashire began to suffer, the English press has given increasing attention to the subject, and made itself one of the most efficient helpers in the work of relief; yet from the French papers we should hardly have inferred that there was suffering at all ! Was it culpable indifference on the part of the French Editors, or was it fear of the authorities ? We should hardly think it was the latter. Anxious as the French Government has been to intervene in the American war, it would seem to need all the public evidence which could well be furnished, that it was not wishing to inter meddle for frivolous reasons. Neither could the Go vernment be very unwilling to be called on to act the part of a public almsgiver ; it is a Napoleonic idea, and even M. FOULD would have hardly ob jected to such an interference with his budget cal culations. There are, moreover, no poor laws in France, so that all legal aid must be direct from headquarters. We fear, therefore, the chief blame must rest with our French contemporaries. The want of employment began about eleven months ago, and has of course increased, like our own, rapidly. The following are the facts, as de tailed by the correspondent of the Spectator in regard to the principal seat of the distress "There are in the Seine _lnferieure 2,200,000 spindles, 14,000 looms, 32 chintz manufactures, and 64,000 hand looms. Well, in ordinary times, the manufactures employ 50,000 working-men. Now , a-days they employ scarcely 20,000. Consequently, 30,000 are out of work. Each band-loom must occupy a man, and a woman or a child, in all, 128,000 hands. Since the crisis, five weavers out of six stand still for want of work; in other words, there are about 102,000 weavers in a state of starvation. Nor do those fare much better whose work is, either directly or indirectly, connected with the manufactures ; so that the number of persons in utter destitution round Rouen is reckoned at 260,000. As the night comes on, all the by streets begin to swarm with famished spectres. In the surrounding country, little boys wander up and down in quest of a few potatoes. Sometimes they are obliged to go so far in order to get them that they cannot come back home before the day after. In many a commune,' withered leaves are burnt in lieu of wood or coals. No bed, no linen, are to be found there. The children sleep on a bit of rotten straw, the parents on a plank." It seems the Norman manufacturers, like our own, were backward to let the public know what they were actually doing for their distresses work men. They concealed the sacrifices they made, and thus contributed to increase the doubts felt at first in regard to the reality and extent of the distress. It seems also that the manufacturers of Alsace, by obtaining timely supplies of the raw material, when they saw the likelihood of its fail ing, have managed to keep their mills agoing, and Normandy was unwilling openly to confess itself beaten by Alsace. However, the distress has become too great for longer concealment, and the subscriptions are now becoming general. The total sum subscribed, 600,000 francs (X 24,000), seems to be small indeed. The POPE, who, however, receives in the shape of "Peter's gives"—is pence" from France " infinitel y more than h prominent among th e contributors, and the Count DE CHAMBORD follows his example with £400; and now that the lists have been opened, we may expect that all classes will soon begin to vie with each other in relieving the suffer ing caused by the Cotton Famine in France. Turning to our own people there does seem every reason to believe that the worst is past. At first it was said that the decrease of paupers was owing to the Relief Committees having superseded parish re lief, but further inquiry does not confirm this appre hension, and it seems to be ascertained now that the diminution of pauperism is real. The return in this aspect of it is most gratifying, since it shows a real ebb of the tide. It stands thus. The differ ence in the number of paupers was in the— Third week of November.... 12,090 increase. Fourth First week of December .... 3,690 ~ Second do. 4,320 decrease. .. • . Third do ................. 2,580 e 4,050 „ Fourth do. ........ 7,310 n First t we e e r k ea o l f d J iff an e u re a n wee the third week bet Januar y difference Thus h of N ovem b er an d t h e first week of Janu ar y is not in o t r o e a h t de a c n r e a I s 2 e , less th an nearly 20,000 per week, an increase of m 00of more 7,0 00. One of the been converted most satisfactory collateral proofs that these figures represent a real cessation, to certain extent, of the cause of the distress, is the reports of resumption of work, • whole or in part, by many mill s i n numerous d in . at Preston two mill s are s t ated to diave stricts.Thus recom menced work, and s evera l ot h er mills tohe' changed from short time to full time. Even at Blackburn a slight improvement is noticed. Stock port, which has so deeply felt the distress, reports 1,653 persons who were out of work as now em ployed, and 1,341 more persons working full time. Ashton has 100 more persons at work. Staleybridge has 330 more working full time, and tioMn 0%41 1 • rwin yesterday made applica -1,341 more working five days. Aechdale reports ) which f ora a ve n r e d w ict trial as in in the action lately tried, in S George Grey, but a third week of continued d e crease in the the court refused to Cisturlotlie favour of • • decision already given, When Mr. PEABODY made his munificent gift to the poor of London we are not surprised that he expressed a desire that some part of it should be laid out in the construction of dwelling-houses for the labouring classes. Anyone who has seen any thing of the abodes of the very poor must be aware of the terrible drain on their scanty resources occa sioned by the heavy rents they pay for wretched accommodation. Eighteenpence or two shillings a week is barely sufficient to obtain them a small side room at the top of a house, in some dirty, narrow court, up a dark and dilapidated staircase. The heighth of the room is sometimes, indeed, an advantage, from its lifting the denizens a little above the atmosphere of the court below, but the dangers of the ascent in these dimly-lighted regions are often serious. Not long since an old woman was killed by falling down one of these staircases, and that in a court turning directly out of one of our large thoroughfares. Yet the rooms in this miserable abode were the usual price. The inhabitants of such places find the street more pleasant than the house; the court, narrow and dirty as it is, is preferable to the dungeonlike dwelling, and thus the great evils attending a vag rant, unsettled life are fostered, and the children so brought up add daily to that large class of City Arabs which forms the reserve force of our convicts and pickpockets. The absence of light and air are two of the worst features of most of the dwellings of our poor, increased of course by their own ignorance and indifference respecting sanatory laws. Add to these the hor rors of overcrowding, and there will be little room to wonder that typhus and cholera And ready victims, and that cleanliness and morality are often things unknown. When respectable working people are driven to take refuge in these rookeries their deterioration is eften rapid, and it certainly seems to be time that some of our social reformers should take up this question in a new aspect. What are needed are houses in respect able neighbourhoods, constructed on the improved sanatory principles of the day, with due regard to drainage, ventilation, and other important points, which can be let out in rooms at the same rate as the present unhealthy and wretched dwellings, without any restriction on the inhabitants except ing that their conduct shall be decent and orderly while they lodge there. The Model Lodging Houses, though excellent in their way, are too ambitious for the class we refer to ; the community of the washing and drying grounds being resented by many. Such I feelings may appear to us absurd, existing in such quarters, but they are there, nevertheless, and the objection to letting their neighbour see their ragged clothes will outweigh many advantages. The great difficulty in this question is the reluc tance on the part of the landlords, who derive large profits from the rents of this class of houses, small and uncertain as the payment may seem. The system is to charge a comparatively high price for every unfurnished room in a house con taining, perhaps, eight or ten, and when the rent gets in arrears, and the chanee of payment seems small, to seize the scanty effects and turn the lodger adrift. There is conse quently no great risk, and so long as unwary flies will walk into spiders' nets there is no particular in• ducement for the spiders to spend time and money in making them more attractive. It is a pity that legislation cannot do something to amend the matter. It is certainly a striking fact that, as our contemporary, the Builder, recently remarked, " the large body of people who prey upon the honest portion of the community, chiefly live in most wretched homes." It is true that the instinct and habits of the dangerous classes may lead them to prefer the dark and winding rookery to the world of open day, and these abodes may often be chosen by them for their very defects. But the question still remains, Are there in this busy metropolis a sufficiency of clear, healthy, and respectable homes for working men and women, however poor ? Until this inquiry can be answered in the affirmative there is work for our legislators and social reformers to do with their might. ADELPHI THEATRE. An important addition has been made to the A4elphi company by the engagement of Miss Marie Wilton, who last night made her appearance in the part of Gertrude in the admirable petite drama entitled " The Little Treasure," which has not been performed since its production some years ago at the Haymarket, and in which the late Miss Blanche Fane sustained the character. Miss Wilton's em bodiment of the young and loving girl just merging into womanhood was nature itself. There was a grave and exquisite feeling throughout the whole performance, which fairly enchanted the audience, and none could witness the efforts of the affectionate daughter to bring about a reconciliation between her parents without participating in the pleasure she experienced on accomplishing her delicate and difficult ta4. The applause her performance elicited was enthusiastic. Mr. Biiiington gave a ; n of Captain Writer Maidenblush, and vers.e- Mr. it. Phillips, as Sir Charles Howard, greatly c d o e nt b ri a b ra u w te e d the SUCCEES of the revival by his p y e e r t f f o o r n m a a a n n ce d of lo vtihneg,fatsahtihotnra. b a h n e d ot e h v e e r r e fa n s t t e i r d t i a o i u n s_, Tents were the laughable farce, " A Ticket of • e, and the burlesque and pantomime, " George part. The house was well filled in every LATEST INTELLIGENCE. THE CROWV . OF GREECE. PARIS. JAN. 13. The Moniteur of to-day says "The letter of King Leopold, inviting Don Fer dinand of Portugal to become a candidate for the throne of Greece, has met with no better success than previous efforts for that purpose. King Fer dinand has determined not to accept the Crown offered to him." INDIA. BOMBAY, DEC. 27, via SUEZ. The Contract Bill has been withdrawn in the Legislative Council. A Commercial Treaty has been concluded with Durman (P Burmah). COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. Shirtings tending upwards. Cotton firm. Cop per dull. Opium, Halwa, 1,475r5. Exchange on London, six months, first-class credits, 2s. Old.; Government Securities, Four per Cents., 95 ; ditto, Five per Cents., 105,1 ; ditto, Five-and-a-Half per Cents., 113. Freight to Liverpool for cotton, 60s. CALCUTTA, DEC. 26. Shirtings firm; mule twist advancing; linseed quiet ; rice firm. Exchange on London. — First-class credits, 2s. Old. ; Government Securities 5 per Cents., 1051. THE BOMBAY MAIL. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer, with the above mail, arrived at Suez on the 10th inst. ALEXANDRIA, JAN. 12. The Vectis, with the Bombay mail, sailed for Marseilles at noon this day. The Etlora, with the heavy portion of the mail, sailed at 10 a.m., on the 11th for Southampton, where she may be expected on the 24th inst. The Salsette brought the mail to Suez, arriving there on the 9th. TILE WEST COAST OF AFRICA. LIVERPOOL, MONDAY. The African mail steamship Ethiope has arrived, with advices from the following ports ;—Benin, 24th Nov. ; Fernando Po, 28th ; Cameroons, 30th ; Old Calabar, 2d Deo.; New River, 4th; Bonny, 7th ; Lagos, 10th; Accra, 12th ; Cape Coast, 14 th ; Cape Palmas, 16th ; Si erra . Leone, 21st; Bathurst, 25th ; Teneriffe, Ist Jan.; Madeira, 3d. She brings 1,539 ounces of gold dust, 72 sovereigns, and 1,018 Spanish dollars. INDIA, C HINA, AND AUSTRALIA. We have received, in anticipation of the mail, files of papers from Calcutta to the Bth December, Hongkong Ist December, Melbourne 25th Novem ber, and Sydney 21st November. We take the following from the Calcutta English man of the Bth December "So short a time having elapsed since our last mail left, but few remarks can be made with regard to our markets here, though for importers of piece gdods there is some hope of business springing up ere long. Money is daily getting scarcer, but Sir Charles Wood's determination to draw on the Indian Trea suries to the extent of half a million monthly may, and doubtless will, have the effect of cheapening money far below the rates expected from the state of business in Calcutta. _ _ _ We take the following from the Overland China Mail of the Ist of December : "In Japan, the departure from Jeddo of the Daimios and their families still goes on. Conse quent upon the breaking up of so many sumptuous establishments, large quantities of valuables and curiosities are being sold in the capital, and the houses themselves taken down. "With regard to the rebels we have to record as engagement at Pao-kong, a large village about 12 miles north-east of Tsing-poo, on the road between that city and Kah-ding. Colonel Burgevine (Ward's successor), having been informed that a large force of rebels was encamped in that direction, proceeded with a force of 1,000 of his drilled Chinese, on the 12th ult., to look out for the enemy. On reaching Pan-Kong, it was found that about 10,000 Taepings had entrenched themselves strongly in a camp of 15 stockades. Nothing was done on that day, but on the following day four guns and two mortars were put in position, and the place was gallantly carried after an hour's firing. The storming party was led by a brave young Chinese officer named Wong-es-poo, to whom Admiral Hope had pre• sented a sword for gallantry. This young soldier, however, was mortally wounded. The Taeping Chief, 1 , % 0-wang, was also killed after he had rallied his men several times. The rebel loss is set down at 2,300 killed, and that of Colonel Burgevine at five killed and 15 wounded. This looks like ex aggeration. An English surgeon attended to the wounded men. This is the most effective display that has yet been made by unassisted Chinese t roops , and it confirms the opinion expressed by almost every English officer who served in the North dur ing the campaign of 1860, that, under proper train ing, the Chinese would make most efficient soldiers. The Melbourne papers do not contain any news of particular interest. FRANCE. PARIS, JAN. 12. The Pays rrentions an incident that took place at the reception at the Tuileries on the 2d inst. In the course of the evening the Emperor expressed to the Minister of the United States his regret at the existence of the American war. He went further than this, and stated it to be his conviction that it was a war without issue. The same journal calls attention to the distress of the workmen of Rouen, and makes an earnest appeal to the charity of France in their behalf. It suggests various plans that should be adopted in order that better times may come to these distressed artisans. By an imperial decision, General Morris, Com mander of the Cavalry division of the Imperial Guard, has been appointed Commander of the Regular Cavalry in Algeria. General Ferag is ap pointed t o the command of the Cavalry of the Im perial Guard. It is said that the Minister of Justice intends to send a circular to the various magistrates, in order to introduce the improvements already enacted in Paris, for the purpose of removing the inconve niences that result from precautionary detention. Official papers distributed to-day amongst the Deputies contain a review of the foreign policy of the Empire, from which the following are ex tracts : " Italy remains the object of our solicitude. The recognition of the Italian kingdom by Prussia and Russia has given moral force to the Cabinet of Turin at home and abroad, in addition to the means of resisting ill considered impulses and to freedom from the fluEnee of extreme parties. Italy now possesses official relations with four great Powers. If the attitude of Austria remains execptional, we continue to receive assurances f rom that Power based upon moderatiort and wisdom. Th e Government of the Emperor is aware that it cannot hope the Peninsula will obtain a definitive organisati.,n based upon durable peace as long as disunion separates the Papacy from Italy. The Emperor is not unminiful of the agitation wh;ch this antagonism occasions to consciences, and has upon several occasions pointed out the necessity of terminating this difference. " The resistance of one party and the exigencies of the other have de monstrated how much the public mind is wanting in t h e composure indispensable for agreeing Equitably upon the canditions of reconciliation. "Desirous to maintain the same line of policy as hitherto ! the Emperor has thought it advistOic t 9 call around him men who have not participated in the previous discussions of the quest ion, and who are, consequently, more favourably situated for assuming the task of conciliation, of which the Emperor's letter of the 28th May defined the bases. " These intentions of his Majesty have been ap preciated in Italy, and the Government has the satisfaction of being able to point to the compara tive calm which has succeeded the agitation in the Peninsula for which the Rcman question formed the pretext. "Whilst the new Italian Ministry has abstained from making promises which could not be realised, the Pontifical Government has recognised the op portunity of granting those improvements in inter nal administration. which have been advised by the Emperor. Assurances of the good intentions of the Holy Father have been received, and the Emperor's Government has reason to believe that judicial reforms will not fail to be granted in those provinces which have remained under the sovereignty of the Pope." The review of the Imperial policy enters next into an explanation of the Greek question, which is discussed in accordance with the policy laid down in the recent circular of M. Drouyn de Lhuys. Mention is then made of the new arrangement which has been concluded between the Porte and Servia, by which the thorough execution of the Firman of 1830 is considered to be secured. Respecting the Montenegrin question, the Go vernment of the Emperor did not think that the proposed settlement answered sufficiently to the declaration of Turkey, and was of opinion that no territorial or administrative change had been effected. France has maintained the right of the Powers to examine, in common with the Ministers of the Sultan, the clauses of the convention im posed on the Montenegrins. The Government of the Emperor has advised the Porte to renounce its right of establishing a military road through Mon tenegrin territory, which, far from assuring the maintenance of tranquillity in the Turkish Empire, would rather afford new pretexts for insurrection and war. France, Russia, and Turkey have signed a con vention for the reconstruction of the cupola of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. With respect to the subject of mediation in America, the review states that it has been post poned in consequence of the refusal of England and Russia to join in the project, and continues : "The Emperor has not refrained from acquaint ing the Cabinet of Washington that his Govern ment is still ready to mediate, provided the American Government desires that Fiance should facilitate the task of peace, either alone or collec tively, in whatever form may be pointed out to her. " The Mexican question has entered an entirely military phase, of which it will be requisite to await the issue. The Government of the Emperor confines itself to expressing its confidence that the expedition will soon terminate gloriously for our flag. The moment is not far distant when the suc cess of our arms will secure the interests which have led our troops to Mexico, and those permanent gua rantees which we have so long demanded. " The Government of the Emperor has also every confidence that our army and commerce will gain important advantages from the recent acquisition of territory in Cochin China, which wii.l powerfully contribute to the extension of our relations with the extreme East." BOURSE, Jan. 12.—The market has not been very animated. Threes, for the Account, at the commencement of business showed a slight decline, but they have since again rallied, and are now at 70f. 45c., as at the close on Saturday. The Railway Share Market has been quiet, and up to the present time with but trifling variations. The market again retrograded towards the close on a report that the rate of discount was about to be increased both here and in London. Business closed as follows 4t per Cents 9B 20 Do. end month — 3 per Cents Do. end month 7O 20 New 3 per Cents Do. end.month Bank Shares 3400 Credit Poneier 1465 Piedmontese Fives Italian Loan 69 95 Russian Austrian Spanish Threes 52 Rome Debt Credit Mobilier:...ll4s Do. end month...JlM RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans lOB5 .. 1082 50 Northern .... New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 1182 50 .. 1182 60 Geneva.. 370 .. 372 50 Southern Bl6 25 .. 815 Western Eastern .... Sardinian Austrian Lombard North of Spain Saragossa.. 665 .. 660 Ditto to Barcelona SWITZERLAND. BERNE, JAN. 12. The Federal Assembly was opened to-day. No speech was delivered by the President in the National Council, but in the Council of the Estates the President touched upon the apprehension that might be entertained for the future. He regretted that Europe is not yet convinced of the truth that the happiness of nations is not founded upon dynastic interests, but upon spiritual and material progress. Without entering into particulars of American Affairs, the President expressed a hope that the Union would be able to maintain its vitality with out foreign intervention, as was the case in Switzer land during the period of the Sonderbutid. The Right Hon. Sir John Pakington presided yesterday at the annual meeting of an institution established in Birmingham 12 months ago, as a free hos pital for the relief of sick children. The right hon. baronet was supported by Lord Lyttelton, the Mayor of Birming ham, the Rev. Dr. Miller, &c. The report of the past year's operations was of a very interesting character; it showed that in the course of the year upwards of 7,300 children had received medical aid; of that number 214 had been in patients of the hospital. As a proof of the large need for such an institution, it was mentioned by the chairman that the number of applications for medical assistance to children requiring aid has been at the rate of GO per day, or nearly 19,000 per annum. It is proposed to establish in connection with the hospital a department for contagious diseases. MR. J. A. TURNER, M.P.—With reference to a paragraph wh:ch has obtained currency, we (Man chester Guardian) are authorised to state that Mr. Turner has no intention of retiring from Parliament, and that there is nothing whatever in the state of his health to render it desirable that he should. A GENTLEMAN GARROTTED ON THE MANCHES TER EXCHANGE.—On Friday evening, about five o'clock, Mr. W. Brooks, of Talavera-place, lower Brough ton, was garrotted on the steps leading to the Exchange. He was ascending the steps from Bank-street, and when at the top ho was suddenly seized from behind, an arm was thrown round his throat, and he was pulled roughly back wards. The garrotter, however, had reckoned without his host. Mr. Brooks laid hold of the adjoining pillar, and re- Fisted the ruffian's attempt to put his hand in his left waist coat pocket. A violent struggle mimed, and the fellow took to his heels. An alarm was raised ; a cabman knocked the runaway down; and Police•constable Sutton, who had heard the outcry from a neighbouring street, walked the offender up to the police-station. The whole transaction was witnessed by a newspaper boy. It was stormy at the time, and there were but few persons in the street. The prisoner was brought before the city magistrates on Satur day, and was committed for trial at the sessions. He were a prison dress, and said his name was James Pearson. in quiries will be made as to who and what he is. DENSE FOG.—This morning the metropolis was for some time enveloped in so dense a fog that the aid of gas was indispensable for carrying on the trading business of the day. About 12 o'clock it commenced to clear off, but previous to that time the greatest caution was necessary in the principal streets for the prevention of accident. REMOVAL OF NEW PALACE YARD.—Yesterday a large number of workmen were cc! to work to pull down the two or three remaining houses which stand east ward of the King's Arms Hotel, in Palace-yard, in order to carry out, as far as possible, the new approach to the Houses of Parliament, from the end of Westminster -bridge, before the commencement of the session. There seems to be some difficulty about the remaining houses of the gratter oup; and with regard to one of them, V en d a ll' s Hotel, the m is still understood to be in dispute between the proprietor and the First Commissioner of Works. THE YELVERTON CASE.--We understand that notice of petition to appcal to the House of Lords has been served upon the pursuer by the defender's ages'", in this case, The petition to the Rouse 0r .. , s c an only be o f L be lodged when th e h ouse is Bittina involving a question of stat us uut the case sego" - no doubt be taken up early ~ . ., ,,, •—.Edinburg4 C ouran t, in the SOUTHERN ITALY. The following extracts from the Official Journal of Naples have been forwarded to rit, fur pubitcation. It will be seen that in none of the executions re cited is there evidence of a court-martiAl being held, and it is riot merely " briginds" who are shot, but persons taken with arms in their hands; persons denounced by national guards ; persons suspected, wounded and prisoners. It is to bo hoped the com mission appointed to inquire into the best means of repressing brigandage in the South will at once put a stop to this odious severity. The new ministry has announced a programme of conciliation. There is an immense field open to it in Neapolitan terri tory : Sept. 15. No. 212. On the 7th of this month of September a detach ment of the commune of Scanno attacked the brigands in the neighbourhood, and a brigand who was taken was shot the same day. On the Bth September a detachment of 20 soldiers of the line attacked a band of 50 brigands, between Roecamonfina and Presenzano. A brigand named Antonio Gasparo, of the commune of Conca, made prisoner, has been shot. On the night of the 7th September the carabineers of Serrastretta arrested a brigand belonging to a band of ten individuals. The others succeeded in escaping. But later in the night the na tional guards of the commune of Decollatura arrested four of them, and conducted them to Nicastro, where they were shot. On the 10th the detachment of Forricella arrested, after a sharp struggle, the brigand Nicolas d'Ulysse, formerly a soldier of the 55th Regiment, and he was shot on the same day. Sept. 22. No. 218. On the 6th the detachment of Scanno pursued a a band of 25 brigands, and having arrested one named Pasquale Mareschi, shot him on the spot. On the night of the 16th a detachment of soldiers were proceeding to the commune of Macchia (Mo lise) to arrest a man named Giacinto Ricci, accused of complicity with the brigands. As they approached the place the inhabitants revolted against the sol diers, at the cry of " Death to the brigands," and fired a few shots, which the soldiers returned. In the conflict Ricci fell into the hands of the troops, and was shot on the following day. On the 17th September a numerous band of bri gands menaced the commune of Lione. The cara bineers and troops who were on the spot arrested a brigand and shot him at once. Sept. 24. No. 220. The brigands Mateo Valeone and Michael Vecera, of Peschichi, have been shot at Vico by a detachment of the 49th of the line. Sept. 26. No. 222. On the 22d of September a mixed detachment of soldiers and national guards arrested two armed brigands in the neighbourhood of Pettorano, who were shot the same day at Sulmona. Two carabineers arrested the brigand Michele Vogara, in the neighbourhood of Peschici, on the 15th. He was shot on 17th, by order of the com mandant of the detachment of the 49th line, in garrison in that commune. Sept. 29. No. 224. On the night of the 24th a detachment of infan try and some carabineers arrested the brigar:ds Giovanni Cosera, Alessandro Cortazzo, and Antonio Ambrosio, at Cannalonga. The latter, having re sisted the public authority, has been shot. October 4. No. 229. On the 25th of September a detachment of cara bineers and soldiers of the 12th Regiment of the line arrested in district of Camped three armed brigands, who have been shot. On the 25th a mixed detachment of carabineers and soldiers made prisoner, in the territory of S. Agate dei Goti, the brigand Giovanni Martino, who was shot on the following day. On the 24th a detachment of infantry having arrested, near Foggia, a brigand armed with a dagger, named Michel Notarangelo, shot him on the spot. October 6. No. 230. On the 26th the national gaard of Roseto having attacked the band of the brigand Recchia, suc ceeded in arresting a brigand, who was shot the following day. October 9. No. 233. On the 30th September a mixed detachment of carabineers arid soldiers arrested at Aprice nine individuals, accomplices of the brigands. While conducting them to S. Severn, one of them having given warning of the presence of the troops to a wounded brigand lying at a neighbouring farm, was shot by order of the prefect of Foggia in ac cordance with the military authority. October 10. No. 234. On the 29th of September the troops had an encounter with the band of Coppa. After some shots the band retreated into the wood, leßving in the hands of the soldiers Domenico Parapelli, who was shot. On the 28th, at Stigliano, a brigand, armed with dagger and pistol, was taken and shot by order of the commandant of the detachment of Stigliano. On the 2d of October a detachment of the national guard of S. Severo met two brigands on horseback, whom it pursued, and having taken, shot them on the spot. On the Ist a detachment arrested at Andretta the brigand Ferdinand Cianciullo, who was shot. On the evening of the same day the National Guard of Lione arrested the brigand Bocco Sibilia, who was also shot. Oct. 14. No. 237. A detachment of carabineers and soldiers made prisoners in the mountains of Manfredonia three men named Orazio Principe, Domenico Gambuto, and Orazio Artuso. The first has been shot as a deserter from the 6th line, and the second accused of complicity with the brigands. On the sth two carabineers and four soldiers arrested two brigands named Domencio Balbi and Pasquale Casati, i❑ an encounter with a band of 15, in the district of Tor reorsaja,and they were shot a few hours afterwards. Oct. 17. No. 240. On the night of the 11th a mixed detachment of soldiers and national guards arrested, in an encoun ter at St. Fili, the brigands Giuseppe Cugini, An tonio Cavaltno, Domencio de Bologna, and Giuseppe Serritiello, who were shot next day at Avigliano. Oct. 21. No. 243. On the night of the 19th the bi ave Lieut. Michelo Bevila having surprised the brigand Gabriele Cos tanzo, called Lozoppo, in a hut, had him shot on the spot. On the night of the 11th several citizens of Civita Campomarano returning from the fair of Lorino, were assailed by three brigands armed with pistols. They defended themselves so well that the three robbers fell into their hands. They were brought into the town and shot the next day. A brigand named Nicola Cataldo has been shot at Rofrano ; 46 individuals have been arrested at Alfano, suspected of complicity with the brijands. Oct. 22. No. 244. Avellino, Oct. 21.—A band of brigands has been attacked and dispersed by a patrol of the 22d line. A brigand made prisoner has been shot on the spot. A detachment of the mounted national guard of the commune of Gravina has encountered and dispersed a band of nine brigands, and taken three, Who have been shot. Oct. 23. No. 255. A mobile column commanded by Major Brero en countered on the 18th a band of brigands on the territory of Anzaro, and after a brief resistance arrested the chief, Agostino Russo, who was shot. Nov. 12. No. 261. On the morning of the 19th, at Corleto, a man named Francisco de Bosigno, formerly a soldier in t he e x - Neapolitan army, was shot, nine national guards having declared that he had taken part in the brigandage. On the 26th the national guard at Gioja arrested the brigand Nicolo Cassella with arms in his hands, and he was shot the following morning at Pedimonte. We announce with pleasure that the operationt of Col. Fume! against brigandage have connrented. We can also announce that they Fill to shoot secret robbers. havt 'oegan at San 'La . those who corres pond with the brag&.‘futl. Oct. 27. No. 248. Tb ° .., syndic at Castelfinne, at the head of a detach ';aent of bersagliori, has arrested the famous brigand, Luca Pastore, and three others, escaped from the prison of Chieti. These four brigands have been shot on the pct. Tne detach - went of Calletorto has arrested the brigand, Luigi Pietranera, who was shot on the following day. Oct. 28. No. 249. The brigand, Carlo Marchionne, taken by the national guard of San Giuliano, hati been shot in that commune. Oct. 30. No. 251. The national guar, of Fora, having arrested the brigand, Pasquale Didino, with arms in his hands, shot him on the spot. Nov. 6. No. 256. A strong column of infantry and cavalry came from Lucera on the 31st October, and encountered the band of the famous Masi. A brigand, named Giuseppe Lacine, was taken and shot on the fol lowing day at Lucera. Three other brigands, ar rested by a detachment of national guards, were conducted to Albercna to be shot there. Nov. 8. No. 258. On the sth November the 12th company of the 22d Regiment arrested, near Molara, the brigand Melconi, of Andreotti's band, and shot him at Mon teleone. On the same day, at Faeto, the brigand Grasso, of Crocco's band, was shot. Nov. 11, No. 260. On the 3d November the national guard of Bic cari, in pursuing a band of 20 brigands, succeeded in arresting one, named Nicola Grossi, who was shot. Captain de Mauro having arrested the brigand Antonio Forlizzi on the 7th of November, had h:m shot next day. Several armed brigands, taken with arms in their hands, by Colonel Fumel, were shot. On the 7th the brigands Raffaele Marrucco and Pietro Bruno, having been taken by the 30th Bat talion of bersaglieri, have been shot. Nov. 15. No. 264. On the 6th Captain Castagna, of the 48th, ar rested at Cessopolena, the brigand Morso Lantni, whom he had shot next day. On the Ist of November 60 national guards of Salandra attacked the Cavalcante band, and having made two prisoners among the brigands, they were shot next morning. Nov. 19. No. 267. On the 3d November a detachment of bersaglieri and national guards encountered five brigands of Cappa's band at St. Fele. One of them Lanco la Rosa, who was wounded, was taken and shot. On the night of the 6th November a detachment of cirabineers and bersaglieri surprised the brigand Andrea Diana in the territory of Grossano, and he was shot the next day at Fricarico. On the 7th of November a detachment of 50 national guards shot, in the Colle wood at Vacca, in the territory of Cosenza, four charcoal burners be cause, having asked if they had seen any brigands in the vicinity, their reply wis in the negative, while close by there was a numerous band who at the first fire killed a militiaman. Nov. 20. No. 268. On the 14th of November Captain Berti, at the head of a detachment of 30 bersaglieri, 20 light horse of Lucca, and 4 carabineers, reconnoitred and attacked a band of brigands shut up in a tower, situated in the neighbourhood of Montebello. After a brisk resistance their munitions were exhausted, and the brigands tried to escape, but only three succeeded ; the others fell into the hands of the troops. Two were wounded, and were shot on tha instant ; the other three were shot at Fermoli. Naval and Military Intelligence. THE NAVY. The Admiralty yacht Black Ee,gle, P. ;T:Whellier, master, which left Lisbon on the Bth inst., arrived at Plymouth yeF.Aerday. She experienced fine weather until entering the Channel, and saw nothing of the London, 86, which was at Gibraltar on the 4th, and is hourly expected at Plymouth to be paid off. The Black Eagle first left the Tagus on the 6th inst., but returned in consequence of severe weather, and disembarked a Queen's messenger, who will come home through France. We have to record the death of Rear-Admiral Digby Marsh, which occurred at 7, Cintra-terrace, Cambridge, last week, at the age of 65. The de ceased officer was third son of the Rev. J. Marsh rector of Rosenallis, Queen's County, by Rachael, daughter of Col. Montgomery, who was murdered during the rebellion of 1798. He was a direct de scendant of Francis and Narcissus Marsh, Lords Primate of Ireland and Dublin, and of the celebrated Jeremy Taylor. He entered the navy lan. 10,1806, on board the Eurus, storeship, and assisted in the Minerva frigate at the capture of Copenhagen is Sept., 1807, and was afterwards actively employed in co-operation with the patriots on the north coast of Spain, where he was severely wounded. He was promoted to lieutenant Dec. 24, 1813, and com manded the boats of the Challenger, 18, at the de struction of a French squadron and flotilla in the river Gironde. He next served in the Tartar, 42, on the coast of Africa, and while employed in her boats succeeded in capturing several heavy armed vessels. He became commander Jan. 5, 1822, and, after being upwards of seven years actively engaged in the Coastguard serviee, obtained post rank Jan. 1, 1842. He became rear-admiral on the reserved list April 12, 1862. THE ARMY. A General Order, issued from the Horse Guards by ccmmand of Field-Marshal the Duke of Cam bridge and promulgated at Chatham garrison, di rects that the chin straps, or chain scabs, worn by troops are to be invariably worn under the chin, both by officers and men, on all occasions. The following circular memorandum from the Horse Guards has been promulgated at Chatham garrison for general information : " His Royal Highness the Field-Marshal Commanding in -Chief, in concurrence with the Secretary of State for War, desires it may be understood that the debt contracted by the soldier for replacing the kit made away with on de serting is to be allowed precedence over every other publics debts. Care is, however, to be taken in each case that the soldier's liability to the public for fraudulently obtaining bounty on his re - enlistment be duly noted against him, and that the amount of such liability be recovered as soon as the debt on account of his necessaries is liquidated. " J. YORKE SCARLETT, Adjutant-General." During the present week the whole of the nonce commissioned officers and men of the Royal Engi neers under fieldwork instruction at the Chatham Royal Engineer establishment who can be spared for that duty will be employed in cutting brush wood in the Upnor Woods, and preparing it for be ing formed into gabions and fascines. Many thou sands of these are required to be made for the use of the Royal Engineers in their fieldwork instruction during the summer. 0 wing to the great increase recently made in the number of men at the Royal Engineer establishment, and the large number of recruits awaiting instruction at Chatham, an un usually large quantity will be required to meet the ordinary demands of the establishment during the next season. A notification wa s yester d ay received at Chatham garrison from the Horse Guards announcing that the 22d company of Royal Engineers will embark for China in the Himalaya, to relieve the Bth com pany, which returns to England. The 7th com pany, recently arrived from Nova Scotia, will move from Chatham to Portsmouth, to relieve the 22d comp,ny, which has been completed to its full strength. The following changes and appointments have taken place at Chatham garrison :—Capt. S. A. cieeve,slst King's Own Light Infantry, has assumed the command of the depot of that corps, in the plate of Capt. M. C. Farrington, who has received leave of absence from the Horse Guards; Capt. F. Dickinson, 83d Regiment, and Ensign R. K. Brereton, 81st Regiment., have joined their respec tive depots, the:fl2.iter on appointment. The fol lowing offir:;crs have been granted leave of absence from. the garrison for various periods, viz :—Lieut. H. C. Whitlock, 83d Regiment, and Lieut. A. C. Twentyman and Ensign C. A. Torriano, 4th King's Own Regiment. Capt. W. lichens, of the Bengal Royal En v:ineers, has joined at Chatham garrison for duty at the Royal Engineer establishment, and has taken over the command of the 40th company of Royal Engineers from Major W. B. Gossett, who has ob tained leave of absence from head-quarters. 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