The Sun. — London, England, 1863-10-17 00:00:00

THE WESTERN STATES. (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) CINCINNATI, OHIO, Sept. 30. Bo3fore I left Louisville, on Saturday last, I was pos'itively assured that Government had pressed into au) service of the army 500 railroad cars, a rolling stock adequate to the conveyance of 25,000 troops. Si nce I came to Cincinnati, I learnt that several railway lines had been also secured for exclusively m ilitary purposes. The Government are ev id en tl y straining every nerve to send large reinforcements to the army of nosencranz at Chattanooga. We are in all probabili'ty on the eve of a great conflict in East Tennessee ; most people expect to hear of a general engagement before the end of the week. The gamblers of the Stock Exchange at New York have already endeavoured to anticipate events b y announcing the "surrend er of Rosencranz" this very day--an artifice by w hi c h they raised gold to 1431. Nleanwhile, the reverse of the Army of the Cum berland on the 19th and 20th, however far from deci sive, has been sufficiently serious to disturb the equanimity of the authorities at Washington. The Government is at a loss for new recruits. Bounties of 300 and even 400 dole, are temptations held out in vain. President Lincoln sneered at his adversary for " driving the Southern conscripts into the ranks like bullocks into the slaughter-pen ;" but the taunt has been bitterly retorted will never h ear the last of it. The sinews of war are broken, owing to the incapacity of those who had the _ management of it. The Northern soldier marches under conviction that he is to fall a victim to the incapacity of his leader. The patriot who rushed to the field as a volunteer was disgusted by contact with the hireling who fought by his side ; the conscript who was pressed into the ranks by the draught, was indignant at the exemption purchased by th e 300 dots. men, which sent him to the war in one mass with a pack of venal disreputable substitutes. The sword girt round the waist of a slave caused the weapon to drop from the side of the offended freeman. All these undignified resources are now exhausted. The draught, the substitutes, the en rolled militia, the arming of free negroes, the pur chase of black slaves to make soldiers of them, all have been tried, and all to little purpose. The Northerners are three to one against the Confede. rates. These latter are contending no less against heavy material than numerical odds. Yet the North is at a loss for soldiers, and will get none henceforth, unless it resorts to conscription in good earnest, and 46 drives its bullocks into the slaughter pen" by main force. Earnest Republicans are sadly put out about it. I , Who t are all these hundreds and thousands of hulking fellows hanging about billiard-rooms, lager beer saloons, and hotel bars for ?" they say. " Be hold! a war meeting is announced, and you hear of 50,000 citizens assembling and breathing fire and vengeance against rascally rebellion; bat call upon them to fill up the ranks thinned by death, disease, or desertion, and they are deaf to all entreaty, dead to all shame." So it is; men are not to be got for the army for love or money. However popular the war may be with a certain class of politicians, it has certainly ceased to be so with fighting men. I re peat; it is only justice to acquit the youth of the Northern division of the Union of lukewarmness in their country's cause. They have answered the first call with more than sufficient alacrity. It is the want of political and strategical ability on the part of their rulers which has damped their spirits, and worn out their endurance. While the issues of this great American civil war are pending on the banks of the TenuesEee river, a n o less momentous political contest is about to come off in this State of Ohio, the results of which will have no slight weight on the general destinies of the country. The 12th October has been appointed for the election of the Governor and other State autho rities here, and the choice of a head of the State lies between the Republican, Mr. Brough, and Mr. Yallandigham, the leader of the Democratic party, mow banished beyond the limits of the American Union, and living in retirement at Windsor in Western Canada, opposite to Detroit. That same 12th of October will be election day in Pennsylvania no less than in Ohio, and the turn of New York will come in the ensuing November. Yet the tug of war, it is felt on all sides, is to be seen in this western region, and it is to Ohio that all the inter-States look up for a casting vote in this long debate be tween parties. It is on account of the great interest attached to the Ohio election, that I deem it expedient to tarry in and about Cincinnati till the great day is over, I have been hitherto endeavouring to spell out and define in my mind the various cognizances and de nominations by which men in this country descend into the political arena, and think the time has come when I may lay before the reader all I fancy I know upon the subject, not only as to the aims and views of the different parties, but also as to their relative strength, their chances of victory or defeat. The broadest distinction between the political men of the Northern part of the Dis-United States is that between " Republicans" or supporters of the Administration, and " Democrats," or opposition men. The former are divided into Conservative or Moderate Republicans, and Radicals, or Black Re publicans. The C onservatives are Unionmen at heart ; sticklers for their great country and their constitution. They think the war should be carried on to the f u ll restoration of the U • ni themselves i n d uty bound to stand byon they;th the o govern ment . ment so lo ng as it is striving after that and most esse n ti a l o b ject ; but, for primary r thin the . rest, they do not go with it t h rough thick andthey pro. less no tranac en d ant admiration for Mrin ; Lincoln and his Cabinet, di sapprove many of their measures, and think that ma n y o f their decrees andproclamations should have no greater weight than so much waste paper. They must have the Union at all priee,how a3ver, if possible, with due acknowledgment of State rights, with due regard to the interests of the South, with the least possible v i o l ation of the laws an possibl e d the constitution, with the l east prolongation of this diastrous war—but at any rate, the Union. Men of this stamp are, on prin c i p l e, abolitionists, but ready to put down slavery, or to put up with it as may best be conducive to the interests of the Union and the pacification of the country. The Radical Republicans are anti-slavery men above all things. They talk a great deal about the Union, but at the top of all their thoughts is the They are for war t " the bit g, e verlasting Nigger." 0 - ter en d," and shrink from the close of hostiliti es as a mad dog dreads and shuns water. They hope by two or three years' hard fighting to ov errun the w h o le South, to lay it waste, to break the c h a i ns of the blacks by utter ruin of the whites , to recolonise the desolated land, to reorganise the culture of the soil on the principle of free labour. If this scheme be feasible they will carry it on so long as the North has a man or a dollar for the purpose. Were their aim unattainable and the South strong enough to tion übj ug'a ? they would rather at 8 resist all attempts let it go; they would rather accept the inevitable separation than come to terms with slaveholdors, and be partakers of that i n iquity which, as they think, has been the disgrace o f their Republic, and has now wrought out this terri ble w ar : The men ent of t his party are staunch to t h e ir Government after G their Own fashion. They carp an d s narl at and flea fault with it a good deal ; they urge it on fretfully, rancorously; they damn it for excessive tenderness and luke warmness, and intimate to it at every moment that " whoever is not with them is against them," The Democrats are also.g a classified into several sects and fraterniti es, according they are or declare themselves mo re or lersadnecidsed Unionists and peace 'Ten. The only rallyingntpoint a mong t h e Republi cans is the GovernmeThe oul— which she Democrat s are y subject on truly hos tility to the Government. They of one mi n d is all think th a t th e war might and should f rom the IT, avoided ; they charge the Governme with hsvin g into lerance any, precipitance. the country into it by sheer prec ipitance. A war begun upon flimsy pretences, 4 an d from vain punctilios, they thi n k , is noper petuated from mere obstinacy, from craveni:n e st t inct o f se lf-preservation, from blind inabilit y to of a scrape. This war is, in their estimation, th e ruin of the country, physical and moral ruin, politi cll and financial destruction. They lay upon the rulers at Washington all its shocking mismanage_ meat, i ts a wful waste of human life, its ruinous ex- penditure ; they lay to their charge the choice of inefficient generals, the removal of able leaders, in obedience to paltry views of mean jealon cr blind party predilection. They blame them fo he disas trous state of the national finances, for the reckless tampering with the currency, by which the country has been brought to the brink of bankruptcy. They charge them with the most flagrant abase of powers with numberless arbitrary arrests, utter disregard of the most sacred rights of property, gagging of the press, interference with the right of meeting, violation of State rights, outrages against thalin eC e o r n- a Con stitution. They expose them or their for flagitious contracts, shamel ess embez zlement dirt the public money, every va ri e ty of dirty j o bs and of dishonest transactions. Demo crats of every denomination, the country, the first th ing, y ithdraw it from W according n to a the ha p pen st them inch by inch t h o is w associates. The ground must be the power of Ab f e ou L g in h c t o a lti ga a in n i d s most till the expiration of their term of p ower, and every nervebe strained so as to secure their down fall at the next Presidential election. agree tolerably well, an d, So far the Democrats although a new set has sprung up, who go by the name of War Democrats, and who are incli n i ng to theviews of the Moderate or Conservative Republi cans, it may be taken for granted that, under pre sent circumstances, the word Democrat in this part of America is synonymous with Peace Man; only there are some of these peace-men who think that the blessings of peace may be obtained compatibly with the preservation of the Union ; there are others who think that the South has seceded past all re conciliation, and that all hopes of a restoration of the old republic must be given up. It would be vain to look for the utterance of these opinions in the public press, vain to expect to bear them broached before a popular meeting. There is hardly a man in the whole country who dares to walk about without a mask, hardly one who does not seek his safety in a certain amount of reserve and reticence. No one would dare to speak openly of the dissolution of the Union. But ask privately some of the Democratic leaders, who, I must con. fess, command my respect by their character, and enlist my sympathies in their behalf in preference to their rabid and ranting radical adversaries. I ask, what do they propose to do, whenever popu lar suffrage lays the supreme power in their hands—nay, what would they advise and desire, were any unexpected change to place them at once, this very day, at the head of affairs? Some of them declare themselves sincerely and intimately Union ists; they protest that nothing would induce them to renounce the Union; they are peace men; they would offer fair terms to the South, meet it half way ; win it by liberal advances; they would replace mattere on the old footing, go back to the sta'us quo ante bellum, restore State rights in all their integrity, deny the central power all inter ference with matters of mere local interest; allow the Southerners as full an enjoyment of their " pe culiar institution" as the original compact on which the Union was based clearly gave them. "Do you think any such tender on your part would shake the stern purpose of the South never again to be recon ciled to the North ?" I ask again, "Do you think that the mare fact of the downfall of the present Administration and of your accession to power would melt the heath of your Southern brethren, and incline them to come to terms and listen to your plans of a compromise." " Not immediately, perhaps," is the answer, " The South might per severe in its obstinacy, and we might be under the necessity to fight on ; but we would speedily re move all grounds of offence; we would show our readiness to do full justice; we would propose an armistice, open negotiations, pave the way for a re conciliation, of which the only sine qua non condi tion would be the restoration or preservation of the Union." These are the Unionist peace men ; but there are are also the separatist peace men, less out spoken, more timid, but far more firm and consistent, and I must say more plausible in their views. These latter are in great numbers Southerners by their connections, sympathies, or inclinations ; they are well conversant with the South, and hold that the South can no more be propitiated than it can be overrun or subdued. They feel confident that the Confederates will either conquer their indepen dence or perish to a man. The project of the subjugation of so vast a continent as the Con federacy still occupies strikes them as the most absurd chimera. The mere thought of such an en terprise they set down as a most egregious folly. As the Southerners are, in their opinion, invincible, so are they also implacable. Separation is safer for them, more conducive to their interests, more in keeping with their aspirations, than re-union on the most advantageous terms. On the other hand, were it even possible to bring them to terms, could it even be managed to lead back these stray sheep into the fold, and to soothe their hostile passions by giving up to them the sore point of negro slavery, is it to be supposed that peace on such terms could be any thing but flimsy and hollow? Were the Southern dlaveowners to acquiesce in the compact, would the Northern abolitionists equally accede to it? Can real solid peace be established where the cause of the war is not removed? Talkof bringing the sheep back into the fold ! Let the wolf devour it while it is at large, if he is swift and strong enough for it; but do not expect the fugitive voluntarily to come back into his jaws, so long as there are breezy downs and rocky hills for it to fly to. Separation, in short, appears to these men no less desirable than it ie in evitable; it is the only possible plausible solution of the great problem; and not by any means less irresistible because people struggle, and close their eyes, and harden their hearts against it. Such being, as far as long contemplation of the subject enables me to make out, the state of men's minds in this country with respect to the great crisis through which it is now passing, it may not be diffi cult to forecast the chances of the forthcoming election for the State of Ohio. Democrats and Republicans are of course equally confident as to its results; but there is little doubt that the lat ter are far more sanguine and more boast fully sure of their game than the former. Ad mitting for one moment that the two antago nistic parties are as near as possible balanced, the Republicans would still have all the engines of power and of Government patronage on their side. The country at large is weary of the war, doubtless, and the lower classes, upon whom mainly fall the tribute of blood, are out o f sorts and mut i nous, an d flatly refuse to "be driven like bullocks into the slaughter pen." But among the well-to-do classes, especially enormous in the cities, the war ha s been the source of fortunes. Th e S tate of the signal oh i f o e , r l t ik h ris e oothfeprr Western odigiou States, as I s hope to b e a bl e to prove in another let ter, h as su ff ered and is suffering grievously—it is paying with its beat blood the expenses of the ruin onei war. B ut Cincin • The few Cincinnat i, Cleveland, and other towns have h a d the lion's who have share in th e peop l e ' s spo il s . enriched been wecti the by prolongation,th e spoliation of the many see no oor )n to even perpetuation, of the war; th e real ga i ners b y this great cal am i ty are not pendants are l eg i on, and th eir m eans extensive. numerous, but their de- Half a dozen stu mp orators, a principled paper s are easily e° °Ple of rantin g , un , lead the vast multit u d e pro p it iated, Wheree and th ese Union is an idol, exer c i s i ng a wherever they li s t. Th e prestige over h mass of Americans, whi c h seems to t egreat uepriv e he a ll reasoning powers, maki ng them deaf to a l l a m of m ents, blind to all interests. T he G argu. overnraent is Union. All opposition is sheer mewed° n• for ise i , rank copperhead treason, ciiminal disloyalty. Were the election conducted agreeably to fair play principles, however , it is p o ssible that the upshot might be con sidered doubtful. The check R of - osen. cranz on the frontier of Georgia, the forced inaction of Gilmore at Charleston, the ill success of the Fede ral arms in Arkansas and Texas, have g reatl y sobered down some of the most furious Republicans; the invasion of the various Southern region seems even -s practicable undertaking ; to them evcry day a •et, the war which Mr. Seward promised to conclude in three months will certainly stretch far beyond the limits of the third year; there is no reason why it may not reach the thirtieth. The beginning of the end is no nearer than at the outset, and men are not forthcoming to fill the ranks, and gold is up at 148 4 e and the pecuni • ary resources of the country areith_ waning lower and lower. Discontent, vague 4 unspoken, is ere • eping amorg the lower orders, THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY BVENING, OCTOBER 17, ISM be exposed to many temptations, not only from those who sold to the poor but from those who bought of the poor, and he would require on his part a great amount of moral courage to resist those temptations which would be thrown in his way. Still he should remember the confidence which the magistrates reposed in him, and, by strict integrity, carry out that which would tend to the protection of the poor and his duty to the magistracy that appointed him, Mr. Faulkner thanked the magistrate for the honour conferred upon him and retired. Some minor matters having been disposed of, the Court adjourned, Vacancies, Promotions, and Appointments in the Civil Service. (From the Civil Service Gazette.) COLONIAL OFFICE.—The Chief Justiceship of Grenada, W. 1., has become vacant by the death of the Hon. W. D. Davis. WAR OFFICE.—Mr. Jos. Augustus Kettle has been ap pointed a temporary clerk in the manufacturing department. THE POST OFFICE.—Mr J. G. Prentice has been pro moted from the supplementary to the third class, in the sec retary's office, Edinburgh, Mr F. Braid has been promoted from the supplementary to the third class, in the secretary's office, Edinburgh. Mr A. Lowson has been promoted from the supplementary to the third class, in the secretary's office, Edinburgh. Mr G. Young has been promoted to be cash clerk in the accountant's office, Edinburgh. Mr W. B. Hamilton has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the accountant's office, Edinburgh. Mr J. Smith has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the accountant's office, Edinburgh. Mr J. Slater has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the accountant's office, Edinburgh. Mr W. Campbell has been promoted from the supple mentary to the second class in the accountant's office, Edinburgh. Mr F. J. Bishop has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the ac countant's office, Edinburgh. Mr J. Murray has been pro moted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting office, Edinburgh. Mr J. Cockburn has been pro moted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting office, Edinburgh. Mr W. Gray has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting office, Edinburgh. Mr G. B. Stronach has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting office, Edinburgh. Mr J. Wier, jun., has been promoted from the supplementary to the second class in the sorting office, Edinburgh. Mr Newcombe, Ist clerk at Portsmouth, has been promoted to be postmaster at Yarmouth, Norfolk, vice Williams, who declined. LAW DEPARTMENT-Mr Thomas Lovell has been ap pointed chamber clerk to Mr Baron Pigott. CusTous—Mr d. Lownds Douglas has been appointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr Samuel Hill has been ap pointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr George Wallace Harris has been appointed an outdoor officer, London, Mr George Leach has been appointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr George Priest has been appointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr Charles John Sims has been appointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr William Sinclair has been appointed an outdoor officer, London. Mr Abram Morphy, 14th clerk, has been promoted to be 18th clerk, Dublin. Mr William Hasler, 15th clerk, has been promoted to be 14th clerk, Dublin. Mr William Corby, 16th clerk, has been pro moted to be 15th clerk, Dublin, Mr John R. Buckley, 17th clerk, has been promoted to be 16th clerk, Dublin. Mr John Barry,lBth clerk, has been promoted to be 17th clerk,Dublin. Mr Curtis Hill, outdoor officer, third class, London, has been promoted to be examining officer, sixth class, London. Mr J. C. Blake, outdoor officer, fourth class, London, has been promoted to be examining officer, sixth class, London, INLAND REVENUE (Excise Branch)—Mr Rd. Harris, supervisor, Bristol third district, Bristol collection, has been appointed to Colchester district, Essex collection. Mr P. I'. Evans, supervisor, Colchester district, Essex collection, has been appointed to Bristol third district, Bristol col lection. Mr P. Knight, supervisor, Woolton district, Bris tol collecion, has been appointed supervisor of Reading dis trict, Reading collection. Mr Alfred Byerley, examiner, has been appointed supervisor of Woolton district, Bristol collection. Mr James Watson, offi Jer, Dalkeith division, Haddington collection, has been appointed to Edinburgh, 34th division, Edinburgh collection. Mr Wm- Geake, officer, Glasgow, 26th division,Glasgow collection, has been appointed to Dalkeith division, Haddington collection. Mr John Russell, officer, Dumbarton ride, Ayr collection, has been appointed to Glasgow, 26th division, Glasgow collec tion. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE, TRAFFIC RECEIPTS FOR THE WEEK. Railways, Miles Opened. Receipts. - 1863. 1862. 1863. 1862 X 4 Belfast and N. Counties 136 136 2,102 1.921 Belfast and County Down.- 49 49 6 ,, 1 620 Blyth and Tyne 2B 28 1,917 2,111 Bristol and Exeter 1214 1215 6,644 7,719 Caledonian Cockermouth & Workington B•J 8 4 302 281 Cork and Bandon 2O 20 397 303 Cork, Blackrock, & Passage 64 64 162 246 Cork and Youghal 324 524 418 391 Cornwall 651 534 1,574 1,368 Deeside l7 17 320 250 Dublin & Belfast Junction 63 63 1,520 1,508 Dublin and Drogheda 75 63 1,611 1,724 Dublin and Meath Dub. & Wicklow and Wextd 5l/ 484 2,670 2,741 Edinburgh and 6; lasgow Forth & Clyde Junction Furness, &c 5O 5) 2,618 2,879 Glasgow & South-Western Gt. Eastern,Nrfk.,&E.Union Great Northern 351 351 34,172 31,546 Great North of Scotland . . ht. Northn. & Wes tn. (Irel.) 712 564 5 5 516 5 1 t.Soutlm. & Westm(lrind.) 3734 329 8.585 8,201 Great Western 10564 10324 62,650 63 570 Inverness & Aberdeen June 864 861 1,497 1,108 Inverness & Perth Janction noi - 1,485 - Irish North-Western 145 145 1,683 1,911 Lancashire & Yorkshire 3954 3954 34,074 32. 0 6 0 Limerick and Ennis 24/ 241 118 166 Limerick and Foynes Llanelly 461 461 574 603 Louden & North-Western.,, 1204 11794 99,306 95,009 London and Blackwall London & South- Western.., 4504 4414 24,081 21,988 Lond. Brighton, &S. Coast London, Chatham, & Dover., 724 721 5.7 65 4 915 Do. Metropolitan Extension 104 55 1,350 300 Lend., Tilbury, & Southend Han.,Sheffield, & Lincolnsh Manch. S.Jun.&Altrincham 94 94 1,214 1,120 Maryport and Carlisle Metropolitan 34 - 1,876 - Midland (incl. N.-Western) 641 6145 45,533 43,612 Midland Gt.Westn. of Irind 2595 1924 8,568 7,649 Monkl and 7 14 714 1,710 1,479 Monmouthsh. hail. & Canal +l 44 2,322 2,622 North British, Ediu., Perth and Dundee • ... ~. . 414 4104 13,318 1 2.495 N - Eastern and Stock. & Darl. 1095 10774 58,97) 5 :039 North London 9 g 3,170 3,116 North Staffordshire........., 254 252 8,471 8.266 Oswestry and Newton 5O 42 1,222 1,011 Rhymney 194 195 966 814 St. Helen's Canal & Railway, Scottish Central Scottish North-Eastern l3B 1325 4,970 4.858 Somerset and Dorset 65 395 624 387 South Devon ........• •• • ..... 755 754 3.728 4,009 South-Eastern....... .. Taff Vale Ulster 6 45 5 1 2,091 1.888 Vale of Clwyd ..... 10 10 163 19 9 Vale of Neath 324 251 2,304 2.127 Waterford and Kilkenny 3l 31 458 448 Waterford and Limerick 77 77 1,635 1,319 West Cornwall 274 275 865 777 W.Hartlepool Harbr.&Rail 4B 48 4,705 4.561 640 567 924 700 Whitehaven & Furness Jun 35 35 829 704 WW Fo hl' Eastern AND Ro C t O te L r O dam NIAL .. .. 52 52 1,772 1,582 hr Antwerpttafhl eoanNv, and C e n l ea j t u e n r c , & t i o E n g . r . mu . . . .. 172 1 27 Austrian32,3ol 4,4151 Belgian Eastern Junction..., 8 2 28 828 24 607 359 Bombay, Baroda, & Cen. India 185 1324 1,611 1,045 Buffalo and Lake Huron l6l 1614 2,371 1,776 Detroit and Milwaukie ..... 189 189 5,125 4,400 rn ßh of en F i r s a h nce....-. 1 11 60 8 74 108110814,3i4 4.325 59,728 55,501 East Indian - - Grand Trunk of Canada Brest I W ndan tern Pe o n f i c ns an ul a a d . a 3 5 4 385 5 4374 4,426 •*,222 Great Luxembourg....., 134 134 4,733 5,043 Madrid, Saragossa &Al-leant 650 4 3 9 1 0 5 Great Southern of Inda .. : 79 79 476 443 Northern of Canada ... ..... Northern of France ..... 725 725 - - Norwegian Trunk .. 44 44 - - Ottoman .. .. . .........".. 4 84 484 597 431 2 124 1 1 6 2 12,785 19153 Pernambuco ....... Paris, Lyons, & Medite ... ... 1805 1676 151,191 142,123 Paris and 0r1ean569.32 3 65,404 522 - Royal Dani5h......._ ........ . • 69 69 765 692 Sambre and Meuse 6B tiii 1,461 1,455 South Austrian .. Southern of France,,,.... 7 5 768 27,276 30,880 Victorian .... • • 196 151 7,406 5,221 Welland ..................... . 25 25 1614 771 1131 479 665 "West Flanders . ..•••••• ...... 75 75 1,144 1,079 W. and N. W. of Fr a n ce , chronic ADWERT ISEMENT.I—Avoid med icines: the y alwa y s aggra vatecomplaints but Du Barry's Delicious Health of 60,000 Cures :—Cure Restoring Revalenta Arabica Food, which saves fifty time. its cost in other remedies, i nva riably cures them, restori n g perfect digestion, s t rong ne rves, sound lungs, healthy liver, pure blood, refreshing s leep Marchioness de Bratan, , o f . un sB ct ,2 io w na o l f re t g h u e larity, and energy to the mo s t di sordered or en feebled. We extract a few out the most intolerable nervous Paris, of a liver comp laint, wastin g awa y for seven years, debility, w ith a nervous pa l pitation all over, bad digestion, const an t s l ee plessness' agitation, and dreadfully low spirited.—Cure No. 1,771. Lord Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieut. of Waterford, of many years' dyspepsia.— No. 49,832. "Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Jolly." —Cure No. 16,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, t.pitting of blood, liver derange. ment, and parti a l deafness, —Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies.— Cure No. 54,816. The Rev. Jas T. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, "of indigestion and torpi dity of the liver, which had restate .t all medical treatment." In tins, 1 lb., 2s. 9d. ; 21b., 4s. 6d ; 51b., lis. ; 121 b., 225. ; t4lb 40s.—Barry Du Barry and Co., No. 77, Regent-street, London; also Fortnum and Mason ; and all Grocers and Chemists in every town of the United Kingdom. [AnvERTisEritF.NT.] —Holloway's Pills. Satisfactory Results,—Whenever the blood is foul, the stomach dis ordered, or the bowels irregular, these Pills prove infallible curatives. A gentleman, who had been a sufferer for years, though he had sought the best professional aid, writes, " I cannot describe the effect your medicine had upon me : it carried off more bile, and made me feel lighter and more cheerful than all the medicine I had taken previously," Holloway's Pills strengthen the stomach, prevent bilious ness, purify the blood, raise the spirits, and give energy to both body and mind. In diseases of the head, heart, and kidneys, these Pills are invaluable not only in removing dangerous symptoms, but in warding off the dire effects often resulting from ipjudioioue treatment, even of these who profess themselves stanch sup. porters of the present rulers. The Irish are all arrant Democrats,—indeed, furious Secessionists ; but the Germans, who were almost all on the other side, are now greatly divided among themselves. Their tribute in blood has been the heaviest; one of the regiments recruited here was almost entirely o a u n r d n i peoplen ga t ev b e e r g y i n s to o c o ask n d G a e t r l m as a t n w d h o a o t r a i s t the use of all this sacrifice, wh a t its object, cut down the Sunday before last near Chatt anooga. T o h n e c r i e nn is at m i what its result ? It is upon these grounds that many of the Demo crats lay their hopes that their party may prevail in the approaching trial of strength, at least so far as the " home vote" is concerned. They think that Government may make the most of the soldier's vote, for every man in the ranks of the army now in the field, or anywhere in active service, belong ing to the state of Ohio, will be made to vote away from his place of residence, the officers presiding at the military poll, whenever and wherever 20 voters may be gathered together to enter their tickets. How many calling themselves Ohio soldiers may happen to be strangers to the State, how many may be non -naturalized aliens, what dependence may be had on the fair dealing of the polling officers, to what extent the soldier's vote may be biassed by his sense of subordination to his leaders, the framers of the new law never stopped to consider. The Emperor of the French taught Europe what an efficient electioneering engine the army might be turned into. Were the Democrats . really to carry th e h ome vote, and only to be b eaten by the suffrage extorted from the army, the victory of the Government would be of little more avail to them than the great on e o f K en t uc k y or t h e ea rlier one of Maryland, and, oven if the Republicans ob tained a clear and h ones t a d van t age i n t hi s Ohio and all other contests, the position of the Govern ment would not thereby be materially improved. It is good for no vessel to sail with too much wind astern, and rope may be given to a man till he hangs himself therewith. The rabid Radicals are far more dangerous to Mr. Lincoln and his Cabinet than the meek and sober Democrats. They have already forced him into many an impolitic, inhuman, impracticable mea sure. They daily become more overbearing, more exacting. Their violence and intolerance know no limits. The members of the Cabinet are already depasses, outsped by rabid demagogues; not all the members, however, for some of them, at least, have the ranters on their side, and they strive to outwit, to outrun, to overreach their colleagues in the race, preparing against the day when the Lincoln boat is to be swamped, when the cle verest o f the cre w Will be those who first rat from it. Meeting of Middlesex Magistrates, M A general meeting of th e mag i strates of the coun ty of was held on Th urs d ay at the Sessions -h o use, Clerkenwell-green--Mr. H. Pownall, chairman of the court, presided. THE PROPOSED NEW DIETAR Y FOR THE HOUSE OF COR RECTION, COLDBA TH-FIELDS. It will ba remembered th at at the meeting of t h e ma gistrates held in July last an amended scale of dietar y for the use of the House of Correction, Coldbath-fields, was agreed to by the magistrat es , such dietary being a consider able reduction in the quantity of food allowed to prisoners. This new scale was subsequently submitted to the Home Secretary, Sir G. Grey, for his approval, before it could be adopted, and the following letters in answer thereto have been received : " Whitehall, Sept. 14, 1863. Sir,—Having laid before Secretary Sir Georg() Grey your letter of the 6th ult., submitting for his consideration an amended form of diet table for male prisoners in the Middlesex House of Correction, I am now directed to trans mit to you, for the purpose of being laid before the Court of Quarter Sessions for any observations which the Court may have to offer thereon, the endorsed copy of a report which has been received from Mr. Perry, inspector of prisons for the southern district, upon the subj ec t.—l am, Bce" " 11, WADDINGTON. Esq., Deputy Clerk of the Pe ace, " G. D. Baldwi n , Sessions Hou se , Clerkenwell." " Westb ourne - s t ree t, Sept. 2 , 1863 . is Sir,—l beg to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, dated the 12th ult., transmitting by direction. of Secretary Sir George Grey for my report thereon, a letter from the deputy clerk of th e peace for Middlesex, enclosing an altered form of aiet table for the approval of Sir George Grey. " The deputy clerk of the peace encloses a letter from the visiting magistrates of the House of Correction, Clerkenwell, in which it is stated that the resolution of quarter sessions, relative to the second class dietary was erroneously stated in the schedule before submitted, and that it wad the intention that a marked difference should be made between the first and second classes, by giving to the latter only half the quantity of meat supplied to the former. 46 In reply, I beg to observe, that the disproportion is not only in the quantity of meat ; since the first class would re ceive cocoa for breakfast, and nearly four times the quantity of potatoes, besides an additional pint of soup, and that as many of the prisoners in class 2, who are not sentenced to hard labour, or who are unable to perform it, are imprisoned for the longest terms, some even for two years, while those employed at hard labour have the higher dietary, if their sentences exceed three months, no sufficient reason appears for so great a disproportion. " It is not, however, in its relation to the highest dietary that I object to the insufficiency of the second, but because I am quite persuaded that the latter is absolutely inadequate to maintain health in prisoners confined for long terms. I would beg leave to recal to the memory of Sir George Grey that the dietary of a large prison in the North of England was lowered in September of last year, in accordance with the views of the visiting justices, and that in the following May it was found necessary to return to a higher scale, in consequence of the increase of sickness and mortality which attended the change; but the reduced dietary of that prison was considerably more nutritious than that which the Mid dlesex justices now propose to give to prisoners confined on the same terms. I venture to predict, as a circumstance highly probable, that if the dietary now proposed for the second class were to be enforced, the large prison in which it is proposed to adopt it would be the scene of an unprecedented t tadelfiecty:itinvelnesustrinitdioeend, wthiethsuargceoornrsessphonond amount of low fever, scurvy, and other disea ses arisin g fro m Prevent these re iidngpincrease of mor salts bY giving to all long-sentenced prisoners of this class an increase of food equivalent to that which they would re ceive under a better appointed dietary. Some persons think it is not material whether a sufficient amount be provided by the established dietary, or the deficiency be made up by by a special order in each case by the surgeon ; but I would beg to submit that the practice of ordering extra diet is one which should be avoided as much as possible on account of the malingering and feigned illness to which it gives rise, and of the i nsubordination, insult, and even assaults upon the surgeon, committed by prisoners who think that others are more favoured by him than themselves. " It appears to me that much of the difficulty in this case arises from the same dietary being prescribed for all pri soners not at hard labour whose sentences range from 14 days to two years and upwards ; because the amount of food required by the larger sentenced men is in excess of that fwohirecs'a u w og o e u s l t d t s h u a p t p t o h r e t tdhieetashryortwerwsecnatlelnecded. I would there confined to all p r i soners whose sentences' second exceed class's; a y l s e and do not exceed three months, and that another scale be introduced, intermediate between those now called first' and second,' for prisoners not employed at hard labour whose sentences exceed three months, and that this class should have the second dietary, with the addition of four ounces of meat and eight ounces of potatoes on Thursdays. —I am, &c., (Signed) " JonN G. PERRY. Inspector of Prisons. lc H. Waddington, Esq." An Hon. MAGISTRATE said he deemed this communication of so much importance that he hoped it would be referred to the Committee of Justices of the House of Correction, Coldbath-fields, and that they should report on it the next county day. The motion was put and agreed to. EMOTION OF INSPECTOR OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. An election of inspector of weights and measures took place for No. 2 district, comprising Finsbury, Clerkenwell, and the surrounding neighbourhood, the vacancy being caused by the death of Mr. Thomas Reynolds, of the Tower Hamlets, or No. 1 district, to which Mr. John Wright was appointed, thereby rendering his former district vacant. Mr. Morrison was offered the choice of No. 2 district, but he pre ferred to retain No. 3, Bloomsbury, St. Giles, &c. It then remained for Mr. James Gregg to consider whether he would take No. 2, ho being the inspector of No. 4 district, Brentford, Uxbridge, &3., but he preferred retaining his old district, and therefore the election to-day was for No. 2 district. There were six candidates selected from a large number of applicants, and the names submitted by the core r a r a l A t y t l e fo e t er rt, andot the h e e vMo C rt o .e s hadduErt w Edward been taken James keeri Faulk ner, M r. F. B. Gingell, Mr. W. Hamilton, M r . Th o s. tvioo votes shga given e falle n l t l o e n upon Dixon, the scrutineers, reported to th M e r & G u r r i t ffi t t h il a s t t a h n e d el A e l c r - . 1, and the othehrimthrMeern. The CHAIRMAN then oTodaeey.cl declared having ad 3 i r. I F B a , Mr. as inspector as o h f Faulkner aJrasd. ap pointedhiCoyward of Mr. C. Wright, the clerk t ewheaigdhts and measures for No. 2 dis trict, and said that been for some years in the office the magistrates had had a o opportunity the committee of justices, value of his services, and he tPrPu°srt situa tion he would by his conduct prove to hadthe itY t f he o m f j t u h d a g t in th g e o y f that in his new selected the person who was best fitted r . the office. It was a situation of greatresponsibility, and one in which he would The Duke of Devonshire. On Thursday last his Grace the Duke of Devonshire honoured the Presentation Convent of Bandon, County Cork, with a visit, and perhaps no more striking proof could be given than the singular heartiness of his reception on the occasion of the gratitude of the Irish heart towards its real benefactors, without distinction of country, class, or creed. The Bandon Convent stands on an elevation to the north-west of the town, has a southern aspect, and com mands a most extensive and delightful view of the surround. ing country. It was founded in 1829, through the generosity of the late duke, who gave the grounds, four acres in ex tent (which are most tastfully laid out) rent free for ever, together with an annual grant of £45, which has been con tinued by his successor. Here upwards of 500 children daily receive the blessing of education at the hands of the good sisterhood, who have dedicated their lives to the sublime task of training the young mind in the paths of knowledge and virtue. His Grace was accompaniedr.by his daughters, Lady Louisa Cavendish and the Hon. Mrs. Bernard, and was met at the gates of the convent (over which a handsome arch had been erected) by the Very Rev. J. O'Brien, P.P., and the Rev. T. Holland, and at the hall. door by the Superioress and nuns, and immediately con ducted to the schools, where he was received with cheer ing by the assembled children. To look on so many hundred intelligent and happy faces radiai.t with delight, and listen to their protracted shouts of applause, one could not help reflecting that this was no mere formal greeting got up for the occasion, such as his Grace and other eminent men arc too much accustomed to and know how to estimate, but a spontaneous and irrepressible manifestation of gratitude and affection, of which even a princely Cavendish might be proud, as indeed it was apparent that he was. The lofty and capacious school-room was spanned at the upper end by three arches and tastefully decorated with festoons of flowers and evergreens, while mottoes and devices appro priate to the occasion met the eye at every corner. Under the central arch a chair surmounted by a harp, with Erin go-Bragh" had been placed for the distinguished visitor. On his Grace being seated, the Rev. Mr. O'Brien in quired whether he would de them the honour of accepting an address, which the sisters were desirous of presenting to him on the occasion of his first visit to their community. This having been cordially assented to, Mr. O'Brien said that before the address was read he felt called upon to make a few observations. He felt himself highly honoured —the sisters who presided over the moral and religious training of the children before him, felt themselves highly honoured—by the visit he had condescended to pay them. The children felt themselves proud to stand in the pre sence of their benefactor. They had all just cause for gra tude to his grace, for the convent had been the means of doing an incalculable amount of good, and owed its exist ence to the princely munificence of the House of Cavendish. He begged to inform his grace that nearly every Catholic mother in Bandon had been educated in that convent; the future mothers in Bandon he saw before him. His grace would agree with him that the greatest blessing that he could bestow on any town, or any land, was to have a well educated motherhood to preside over their families, and that greatest of blessings his gi ace's liberality enabled them to enjoy. In proof of the superiority of the intellectual train ing imparted in their schools, it was sufficient to mention that many of the children then present had greatly distin guished themselves at recent competitive examinations held in the town hall, and had carried off first-class premiums. The rev. gentleman's remarks, of which we have given a mere outline, was listened to by his grace with a marked degree of interest. Miss Annie M'Carthy, one of the pupils of the school, an extremely interesting and intelligent young lady, now stepped forward and read the following address : My Lord Duke—Separated from the outward world, and but little acquainted with the conventional forms and usages by which suitably to addr , ss your grace, we earnestly crave, and feel assured you will Accord, your gracious indulgence. In our own simple way therefore we beg to convey to your grace our deeptelt appreciation of this august visit, in which Sou have condescended to include our hurable community; and we eagerly embrace the auspicious occasion to proclaim our inexpressible gratitude to your grace for continuing without stint the munificent favours conferred upon us by your great and noble. hearted predecessor. What then re mains for us further to say, save that, our prayers shall weary Heaven to perpetuate your illustrious line in un broken splendour; and for yourself, my lord duke, we shall pray—oh, how fondly and fervently I—that you be long spared to adorn the lofty eminence you enjoy, and that when the term of life's close shall have come, toll of years, and honours, and virtues, you be translated amid the exult ing hosts of heaven to the realms of the blest !—Signed by THE SUFERIORESS AND NUNS OF THE CONVENT, The beautifully distinct and expressive manner in which this address was read by Miss M'Carthy drew frm his grace the flatteling compliment, "You are an honour to your name and a credit to Bandon." His Grace said,—Ladies, I have to offer my best thanks for the beautiful address which you have presented to me. The reception I have met with here to-day has taken me by surprise. I certainly was not prepared for such a reception at all. It has been my pride at all times to promote the cause of education wherever I move, and I have always felt a deeep interest in these convent schools. I have to present my grateful acknowledgments to your gifted parish priest for the kind manner in which he has alluded to my ances tors, and to the slight acts of liberality which it has been a pleasure to me to perform in connection with this convent, and which I hope to continue for the future. I coincide in everything he has so eloquently said on the subject of edu cation, and feel that you are indeed engaged in a mighty work, in which I wish you every success. His grace c n eluded by assuring them that he had derived great gratifica tion from everything he had seen and heard, and by again thankimg them for the warm reception they had given him. At the conclusion of his grace's reply the following verses were sung by the entire school with a most pleasing effect. They were composed for the occasion by Miss M'Carthy, who read the address, a young lady 14 years of age : This is a day of jubilee, A happy, happy day. How I leased are we, his grace to see, And greet him on his way. Chorus—This is a day of jubilee, A happy, happy day; This is a day of jubilee, A happy, happy day. To him the utmost praise is due Who labours for the weal, And happiness of fellow- men With never tiring zeal. Chorus—This is a day of jubilee, &c. And those who own his gentle sway, How happy is their lot; No terror of "the landlord" dwell's Within their peaceful cot. Chorus—This is a day of jubilee, &c. Our princely Benefactor, To him our thanks we give— May God reward his generous deeds, And happy may he live Chorus—This is a day of jubilee, &c. Having bowed his acknowledgments, his grace entered into conversation with the clergymen and nuns, and with Lady Cavendish and Miss Bernard, minutely inspected va rious articles of crochet work, lace and embroidery done by the children, which were very much admired. Here Miss Minnie Brennan, an interesting and artless young creature of perhaps five years of age, presented his grace with a bou quet of beautiful flowers. His grace having accepted the gift shook hands with the juvenile donor. Three cheers having been given for "our noble duke," for Lady Louisa Cavendish, and for the Hon. Mrs. Bernard, the Nation al Anthem was sung, and with the warmest expressions of goodwill to all, the distinguished visitors took their depar ture.—Cork Examiner. Daring Outrage and Robbery. On Friday evening information reached Clonmel of a dar ing robbery which had been perpetrated at the residence of Mr. John Shirley, agent to John Bagwell, Esq., M.P., and which for cool and determined reckless ruffianism has not been equalled by anything of the kind in this locality for many years. About 4 o'clock on the evening in question a meesenger arrived at Mr. Shirley's, after bringing from the Provincial Bank a bag of silver and one of coppers, for the purpose of paying the workmen usually engaged about the demesne. The money was laid on the table in the room in which Mrs. Shirley sat, and a short time after a well-dressed man entered, and asked her what the bags contained. The fellow was quite at his ease and in no hurry. He presented a genteel appearance, wore a black frock coat, dark tweed trousers, light vest, and silver guard chain. He had also a silk hat, shoes, and brown stockings. Mrs. Shirley has de scribed him most minutely. In reply to his question, Mrs. Shirley said the bags contained money to pay the labourers, whereupon the fellow replied " I shall have them," and put them in his pockets. We should have mentioned that from the time of his entrance he held a pistol in one hand and a claspknife or dagger in the other. He then pointed to a desk and asked if it was Mr. Shirley's ; he received an affirmative reply, but was told that it did not usually con tain any money. He said ho would try, and Mrs. Shirley answered " You had better not, as Mr. Shirley is below." The ruffian replied that such was not the case, as he had met the agent going up towards the farm; and he then, after warning Mrs. Shirley that if she mad e a no i se he would stab her with a knife, proceeded to break open the desk, from which he took £9. This, with what the bags contained, amounted to £22. Whil e h e was breaking opens the desk Mrs. Shirley attempted to escape from the room, but the burglar seized her by th e arm and threw her violently on the ground, adding that if she screamed or made any alarm ho would make short work of her. She was much terrified and injured by the force of the fall. Having gone as far as the hall door and looked out, he re turned, and demanded if there was any whiskey in the house. Mrs. Shirley said she thought there was, and pointed out the keys in the press, adding that she was un able to rise. The fellow caught her and threw her rudely on the sofa, again cautioning her against making a noise. The ruffian then took portion of a bottle of whiskey, a loaf, and an ink-bottle; and then, with a threat that he would take Mr. Shirley's life, the fellow decamped; and though there were several persons about the stable yard he contrived to effect his escape unperceived. A description of this daring burglar has been telegraphed to the different ports of egress from the country, and the police of the locality are actively engaged in looking after him. A magisterial investigation has been held in reference to the matter, and much indig nation is felt by the people of the locality, as this is the second occurrence of a similar nature taking place within a period of a few months.-2 7 Perar9 :Ira Pros, SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—The observations offered by the Attor• ney-General at Richmond on the subject of the ironclads in the Mersey will be read with the deepest attention. We cannot discover, nor should we perhaps expect, any confident exposition of the law in these remarks, but as elucidating the general policy of the Government in this important pro ceeding, they will be weighed and scrutinised with peculiar intereet. It is impossible to deny that much perplexity is felt throughout the country on the question at issue. We all wish for a strict and im partial administration of the law, be it what it may, but we do not wish to see the law strained in favour or in prejudice of either Federals or Con federates. We do feel, beyond a doubt, that if the despatch of such vessels as the Alabama from a neutral port is really consistent with the law of nations it concerns us very closely to get that law changed, but it also concerns us no less to see that justice is done to everybody by the law as it stands. Upon the whole, the words of the Attorney- General are calculated to set the public mind at ease. We explained the other day that the case of these famous vessels would involve two distinct questions, one of law and the other of evidence. Now, it is clear from Sir Roundell Peltrer's speech - that the great difficulties encountered by Govern ment in dealing with this matter have arisen on the question of evidence and not on the question of law. Ministers have not been doubting whether these steamers, if destined for the same service as the Alabama, could be lawfully despatched, but whether this suspected destination could be conclusively proved against them. In this case we say the opinion of the country will be with the Government. If our shipbuilders are not standing upon their rights as established by the law, but relying upon their ability to evade the law by artifice they will obtain no sympathy, It would have been au unfortunate and perilous proceeding if the vessels now lying in the Mersey had been detained by any strained or unreasonable interpretation of the law, but if the spirit and intent of the law are clear few will be found to deny that there is suspicion enough in the case before us to justify the resolution of the Go vernment in reserving it for trial. Sir R. Palmer, then, tells us in the plainest language that the Go vernment of a neutral nation cannot, consistently with its neutrality, " suffer warlike expeditions and ships of war to be prepared and fitted out in its har bours. This is manifest reason. " We all know," he continued, "as a matter of fact that the Confederate States have endeavoured to some extent to make this country the basis of their maritime operations." That, also, is true. The Alabama was so far pre pared and fitted out for service in British waters that she was able to act against an enemy without repairing to any port of her own country for equip • ment and commission. All that she did not actually get in British harbour she got outside by stratagem and evasion, and she did, in fact, represent a " war like expedition" despatched from territories which were not the proper territories of the belligerent. The Attorney-General goes on to tell us, not indeed that he is confident of the practical efficacy of our laws against such proceedings, but that he has no doubt whatever of their intent and spirit. " We have got a law," he says," which may or may not be easy to construe, bat which certainly was intended to prevent these things." Unless, therefore, the law has been imperfectly framed, it would be found applicable t 3 the transactions now suspected to be pending, but whether these suspicions can be developed into proofs is another question. Here Sir Roundell can only remind us of " the great difficul ties of bringing the law to bear by complete and con clusive evidence in cases of this kind, where every artifice is used for the purpose of disguise and eva sion ;" but at the same time he bespeaks our support for the efforts of Government in endeavouring to put the law in force. If this is the whole state of the case that support will not be wanting. If the law is clear against such expeditions as that of the Ala bama, and all that is obscure is the real destination of these Mersey ironclads for the same service, the public will not be slow to admit that the suspicions were strong enough to warrant their detention until trial had taken place. We should be a great deal more puzzled in the mat ter except for the precedent of the Alabama. The case is certainly nett° he prejudged, bat it would be affectation to deny that these vessels in the Mersey are reasonably suspected of a similar desti nation and character. Not to speak of the absence of satisfactory evidence to the contrary, which, if it existed, we might think would be most easily pro ducible, we find the organs of the Southern bellige rents actually threatening us with the resentment of the Confederates for stopping them. Those who ought to know best make no disguise of information now that it can do apparently no harm. It does not follow, even if this presumed destination be indeed the real one, that the builders of the steamers are immediately concerned in it, but it does follow, from the example of the Alabama, that the transaction would be ultimately such as we are called upon to prevent. 'We know, or may reasonably infer from that example, that even if the delivery of the vessels from the hands of the builders to those of the purchasers could be lawfully managed the illegality of the business would then immediately commence. When the Alabama appeared at sea as a belligerent cruiser she must of necessity have been fitted out for war either by neutrals or by belligerents from neutral territory. It is quite certain that she never received her legitimate equipment or commission in the ports of the Confederate Government. She was the produce of trickery and evasion. We cannot say how, where, or by what instalments her equip ment was furnished, hut we can say that she did not leave our ports in the character or fashion of an honest vessel. As the Attorney-General put it, it was an " escape," and such escapes are exactly the things which we ought to prevent. Government has now, at any rate, prevented a like escape in the case of these two celebrated iron clads, but it has done so, as Sir Roundell's speech shows, only after grave doubts and difficulties. There is not a doubt, we are glad to find, about the spirit and design of our own laws. That is a great point in the matter, for even failure will not be dis creditable if the attempt to bring the law to bear has been founded on its obvious intent,and justified by irresistible suspicion. There is, however, a doubt about the result, partly from the words in which the law is expressed, but principally from the diffi culty of obtaining conclusive evidence in a case ad. mating of infinite evasions. But the Attorney- General reckons upon reasonable consideration from the public. He thinks that if the case should fail people will see that Government has done its best to enforce what is really believed to be the law. He tells us, further, that the Americans have done as much for others as they are now expecting us to do for them, and that they never, indeed, showed the I least unwillingness to act when urged to such interference. Whenever they were informed that a belligerent Power was contriving the equipment of a ship of war in their ports, they were desirous of preventing it, but they found, Sir Roundell adds, the difficulties in the way of such a proceeding. We can only say, in conclusion, that if this is the state of the law, it is unsatisfactory in the extreme. If it is really held both in America and England that the equipment of ships of war in neutral waters for the service of belligerents is unlawful, and if both countries, nevertheless, find the utmost diffi culty in bringing the law to bear, the sooner the machinery is improved the better. There is a right and a wrong in such matters. What is right should be done openly and without disguise, but no loop hole should be left for the covert accomplishment of what is admitted to be wrong. POST.—Up to the present time there is no sign that the authors of the pending crisis in Prussia are awake to the importance of the conflict they have rashly provoked. Count Eulenberg's circular—which very closely resembles the notorious Jagow circular of last year—is a declaration of war against the free dom of election, in perfect freedom with bureaucra tic traditions, but calculated to widen rather than to diminish the breach between the King and his subjects. It would have been impolitic, if it had not been contrary to the truth, to denounce the members of the Liberal majority in the late Chamber as the enemies of the monarchy; but for the Minister of the Interior to take it upon himself to exhort the em ployes of the State to vote for none but the Ministerial candidates—to command prefects and sub-prefects, and all other provincial functionaries, to prove their devotion to the Crown by turning the elec tioneering screw on the side of the Government can didates, is, to say the least of it, in the actual situ ation of affairs in Prussia, not merely an nnpardim able impertinence' but also a very wanton act of political suicide. Yet this is precisely what Count Eulenburg has thought fit to do. He confides to the paid servants of the Government the supervision and manipulation of the elections, and he tells them, in so many words, that—" It is impossible for any Government board to act efficiently should its pre sident profess political opinions at variance with those of the Government." No doubt the Minister writes with a better knowledge of the character of Prussian officials than we possess, and it may be that they will, as a body, accept without murmur ing or shame the ignominous part he has assigned to them. Still there are, we will hope, a few who, like the university authorities of Berlin and Bonn on a former occasion, will decline to serve as Ministerial electioneering agents, and their indepen dence can prove contagious even in the best drilled of all European bureaucracies. At all events, such a bold and unconstitutional attempt to influence the elections can barely fail to aggravate the defeat of the King and his Government ; and if, as is rumoured, the Minister of Justice intends to issue a similar circular, the only inference to be drawn from such a flagrant violation of constitutional privileges will be that M. Von Bismark has ma t t e up his mind to govern without a Chamber, or— which would be the best thing that could happen for Prussia and Germany—not to govern at all. Count Eulenburg's views of the duties of the civil servants of a constitutional Sovereign are curious enough. When the King has pointed out and definitely laid down the constitutional paths to be trodden by himself, and his officials with him, all must obey; and those holding offices of political importance are bound, not only to render obedience, but active support. The idea is that the Crown is the living central point of the Prussian Constitution—that it is for the King to ordain, and the Parliament to register, his ordi nances. This was laid down ex cathedra in the lately published programme of the Ministerial party. The King, it was said, had confessed that the utmost unity prevailed between the Crown and its coun sellors, and that, therefore, to look to a change of Ministers for a solution of the existing crisis would he of no avail. Royalty—" a strong royalty"—could alone bring the present confusion to a close and guard and strengthen Prussia's position in Germany. But if he King be, as his so-called "friends" in effect affirm, the only Power in the State, why has Cham ber after Chamber been dissolved to procure if pos sible the concurrence of the representatives of the people in the measures which his Majesty deems necessary for the salvation of the country ? The present appeal" to the patriotism of the electors and the judgment of the elected" has, we are assured, been made under a conscientious observance of the Constitution ;" but in the same breath the Prussian people are warned "not to slight the inevitable consequences of a haughty re-election." What the King and his Ministers understand by a Constitu tion seems to be nearly this—that the Sovereign shall govern , bat th at h e s h a ll govern un d er cer t a i n conditions settled by himself. Ile Liberal party, on the other hand, contend that a Constitutional Government, under which the people are taxed withoat the consent of th e i r representat i ves , an d. under which the Ministers of the Crown are not responsible to the nation, is a delusion and a sham, and they have determined to substitute their own real theory of the Constitution for the theory of Divine right upon which William I. has been advised to rely. The elections in which this question between the King and the nation is to be decided are fixed to take place on the 28th inst., but neither in Berlin nor in the provinces are there any symptoms of feverish anxiety as to the result. The absence of political agitation shows, in fact, that the Liberal party are conscious of their strength, and confident of success. Nor is it expeeted that the character of the Opposition in the new Cham ber will be much changed. In some places men of more advanced opinions may be returned, replacing, probably, a few of Count Schwenn's friends; but, upon the whole, it appears that the people will be satisfied with confirming the resolution they have more than once announced, by sending back their former representatives ; and, as they are still desir ous to avoid a direct collision with the Crown, this is, perhaps, the wisest course they could take,inas much as it will leave the way open for the King to escape by dismissing his unpopular Ministers, and choosing for their successors statesmen who can command the confidence of the majority of the Chamber. It will also be the most emphatic answer that an insulted nation can return to the appeal of a Government which inspires neither respect nor fear. Hitherto the Opposition has been distin guished by firmness, unanimity, and moderation ; and there is no reason for deviating from the con duct which has extorted the admiration of Parlia mentary veterans, and done more for the political education of Prussia than could ever have been effected by louder, but not more sincere, demonstra tions of patriotism. COUNTRY MARKETS. -1., LIVERPOOL-FRIDAY. At this day's market there was a fair attendance both of millers and dealers, but the demand for wheat was ra ther limited, at about the prices current on Tuesday. Oats and oatmeal emu_ and more attention, and incline upwards. Flour very steady, but in small request. Indian corn very firm, at the advanced rates of Tuesday. Barley, beans, and peas steady. WAKEFIELD-FRIDAY. A short quantity of wheat came to hand to-day, and all descriptions met a slow demand at last Friday's rates. Fine barley was in fair demand. Other articles were difficult to quit. Averages for the week : Wheat .1,194 qrs., at 4os 10d Rye -s Od Oats 2O .. 21s Od Beans Peas .... 8ar1ey.........1,440 STAMFORD-FRIDAY. White wheat, 42s to 44s ; red, 40s to 428 per 36 stone. Barley, malting, 36s to 38s ; grinding, 30s to 34s per qr. Oats, 20s to 25atper 24 stone. Beans, old, 42a to —a per qr. ; new, 38sito —s. CORK-FRIDAY. The following were the quotations this morning :.—Red wheat,:7B 8d to 8s 6,1; white, 7s 3dl to 9s Od , barley, 5s 6d to 8s Od ; oats, 5s Od.to 6s 3d ; black do,, 4s 10d to 5s 4d ; bere, 6s. DUBLIN-FRIDAY. A fair supply of all kinds of grain, and a steady market at Tuesday's prices. In some instances oats were a little sharper, and secondary barley difficult to sell. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. Wheat, white 23 0 to 25 6 I Beans.. ..... 0 to 0 Do., red 2O oto 23A0 Bere ... 12 oto 13 0 Do., new .... oto 0 Rapeseed .... 24 oto 26 0 Barley Oats 9 6to 11 0 Bakers' flour.. 14 oto 20'0 Do., black.... oto 0 Indian corn .. 27 oto 29-0 BRISTOL SUGAR-FRIDAY. The market this week has been doing a firmer busi. ness, and an impression prevails that we shall not see prices so low as they have been. Refined goods met with ai t3id y sale. Rum a limited sale at about the prices of last week. COAL MARKET. Prfoes of Coal per Ton at the close of the market. s. d. I Cowpen Hartley 17 6 Walls End. Monte House 21 0 I Tunstall Ships at market, 13 ; sold, 13. Foreign. Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. s. d. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton ..Oct. 19. via Marseilles Nov. 12. .Brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Nov. 4. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena Oct. 29. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton Ost. 19. via Marseilles Oct. 27. Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton .. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Oct. 26. via Marseilles Oct. 27. India (Bombay), via Southampton Oct. 26. via Marseilles Oct. 21. Portugal alta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Oct. 19. via Marseilles Oct. 21. Newfoundland .. Oct. 16. Oporto and Vigo .. U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.... Oct. 22. by U.S. packet.... W.C. of Africa, Madeira by Canadian p ac k e t. Oct. 23. Bahamas, via N ew York , and Teneriffe Nov. 10. Oct. 22. Mexico.. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, .... Oct. 29. California. and Briti s h C o l um b ia.. Peru f 1 Oct. 29. Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur chasing Horniman's pure Tea; very choice at 3s. 4d. and 4s. "High Standard" at 4s. 4d. (formerly 4s. Bd.), is the strongest and most delicious imported. Agents in every town supply it in packets. _ Ninety-six steamers, with an aggregate of 140,000 tons and 36,000 horse-power, are employed in the postal service of Great Britain. Births. BENHAM.—On the 16th inst., at 8, Devonshire -terrace, F u lham-road, the wife of the Rev. William Benham, of a daughter. GOWLLAND. — On the 15th inst., at 34, Finsbury-square, the wife of Peter Gowlland, Esq., F.R.C.S., of a son. LvsmanT.—On the 14th inst., at Mowbray Lodge, Ripon, t h e wife of James Lysaght, Esq , of a daughter. SHARP.—On the 15th inst., at 15, Sutherland-terrace, Brixton, Mrs. C. 8. Sharp, of a daughter. Marriages. M ARGES SON — BEAMIONT —On the 14th inst., at Darfield Church, Major Margesson, of the 56th Regt., to Lucy Matilda, youngest daughter of E. B, Beaumont, Esq., of Woodhull, Yorkshire, MAYIN—CAisTon,—On the 15th inst., at Lancaster, Thos. Makin, Esq., of the Middle Temple, to Elizabeth, elder daughter of the late William Caistor, Esq., of Burnage, near Manchester. Deaths. BRAUND,—On the 16th inst., at Plumstead- common, Kent, Marian Eliza, infant daughter of Marwood K. Braund, Esq., of Furnival's-inn. CLiviroN.—On the 20th Aug. last, at Hong Kong, George Clayton, Capt, 9 9th Regt.' youngest son of John Clay ton, Esq., of Lancaster-place, Strand, from the effects of a wound received at the attack on Kwanshan on the 28th of May last, aged 24. KEnsiimv.— On the 15th inst., at Biggleswado, Beds, Mr. Kershaw, late of Hitehin, Harts, aged 70. MIILLER.—On th e 15th inst., at Brighton, J o h n, youngest son of W m. NOTTIDGE.-0a the 15th inst., at Margate ? Emily, widow Muller, Esq., of Lower Clapton, aged 23. of Josias Nottidge Esq., late of Rose-hill, Wixoe, Suf folk, aged 91. STE WART.—On the 15th inst., at Bryanston-square, the Lady Katharine Stewart. Londett : Primed and Ptibiished by WILLIAM ANDREWS, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tim SuN Office No. 11?, Strand, in the Precinct of the !Savoy, in the County of ftturditY, Oct 9 ber 17,,.1E68.