The Sun. — London, England, 1854-10-05 00:00:00

ARIA? CONTRACTS. OfflceOioidnsnce7Pallln;ll, 4th October, 1854. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN to all persons desirous of contracting to supply STRAW FOR PAILLASSES, ,tthe several Barracks and Ordnance Stations in Great Britain and in the Channel Islands, for One Year, from Ist December next, that proposals in writing, addressed to the Seereta7 to the Board of Ordnance, sealed up, and marked on the outside "Tender for PAlllasse Straw,"‘will be received at the Ordnance Office, Pall-mall, on or before Wednesday, the first day of November next, and Ten ders may be delivered at any time during that day. (Persons who make tenders are desired not to use any form but those which may be bad on application at the office of the Secretary to the Board of Ordnance in Pail-mall. _ _ By order of the Board. gri REAT-NY ESTERN RAILWAY. -CHEAP ILX EXCURSION to BATH and BRISTOL.—A Train will leave Paddington on Sunday, October Bth, at 7 45 a.m., for Bath and Bligtol, and will return the same evening, at 6.30 p.m., from Bristol, aad 7 p.m. from Bath. Fares—Bristol, 10s. and 6s. ; Bath, 9s. acrd ss. Tickets may be previously obtained at the Great Western Booking Offices, 27, King-street, Cheapside; 63, Bridge-road, Lam beth; 351, Oxford-street; 269, Strand ; and at the Paddington Station. 31[EDICAL.-A. SECOND YEAR'S STU _IL • DENT of the MIDDLE .;EX HOSPITAL wishes for an 'Eniagement within half an hour's walk of that Institution. Age, 26. A good practical Accoucheur, and unexceptionable references. Board and Lodging, with time to attend the Hospital, considered equiva lent to a salary.—Address, X, Loudon Hospital, Mile-end. MINERALOGY. -KING'S Y. -KING'S COLLEGE, LONDON.—Professor TENNANT, F.G S., will commence a COURSE of LECTURES on MINERALOGY, with a view to faci litate the study of GEOLOGY anti of the application of .111ineral Substances In the A RTS. The lectures will be illustrated by an ex tensive collection of specimens, and will begin on FRIDAY, October 6th, at Nine o'clock a.m. They will be continued on each succeeding Wednesday and Friday, at the same hour. R. W. JELF, D.D., Principal. SEBASTOPOL. GENERAL ILLIJMINA TE:IN.—Oct. 2d, 1854.—1 n commemoration of this grand achievement, the METROPOLITAN LIGHT COMPANY have determined open • giv ng their ordinary Thirty Shilling MODER et- TEUR LAMPS for ONE GUINEA, complete, in order that the rUblic rgay more generally comply with the spirit of the times. AbOtit mOOO Bronze Lamps have just arrived. Another consign ment of China Lamps will be ready in a few days. The public are invited to an early inspection. Every Lamp guaranteed. Old Lamps taken in exchange.—Nete the address, 447, West Strand. John Clark, Resident Proprietor. ESTABLISHED 1837. ce t BRITANNIALIFE ASSURANCE COM PANY. 7 '.. l l:o o ,Pered bySpeoial Act of Parliament, 4 Vic., Cap. 9. BRITANNIA MUTUAL LIFE ASSOCIATION, !mpowered by Her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent. Cotorm ROBERT ALEXANDER, Blackheath-park, Chairman. Every description of Life Assurance business transacted, with or Without Participation in Profits. • E. R. FOSTER, Resident. Director. ANDREW FRANCIS, Secretary. 1, Princes-street, Bank, London. THE DIRECTORS OF THE STANDARD LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY REQUEST ATTENTION TO THE ADVANTAGE OF JOINING TILE COMPANY BEFORE THE CLOSE OF THE BOOKS FOR THE PRESENT YEAR ox 15TH NOVEMBER, WITH REFERENCE TO THE DIVIiION OF PROFIfS IN 1855. THE FUND to be Divided in 1855 will be derived from the Profits which have arisen since 1850, and those persons who effect Assurances at this time wisl secure TWO YEAR , 4' Participation in that Fund, while they will rank at the division in 1860 for seven years' bonus; in . 1865, for twelve years' bonus ; and soon, increasing their claim at EACH PERIOD. The principle on which the Profits of the Company are divided is similar to a TONTINE, and the Directors have been enabled to con fer very large benefits on the Policyholders at the former Divisions of Profits in 1835, 1840, 1845, and 1850 ; some of the earliest Assur ances having been increased at the rate of 871. 6s. for each 1001. assured, thus making an original 1,0001. policy equal to 1,8731. The Directors confidently asrert that no Life Assurance Institution holds out greater advantages than the STANDARD to persons who, looking forward to lung life, effect Assurances for the benefit of their t amities. The Company's large Accumulated Funds are invested on the security of land and in Government securities. The Income is con siderably upwards of Two Hundred Thousand Pounds per annum ; and for some years the average number of persons who have joined the Institution has been 825, and the corresponding annual amount of New AssurancEs, 460,0001. LOI` DON. CHAIRMAN OF Tin BOARD. The Eight Honourable the Earl of Aberdeen. ORDINARY DIRECTORS. F. Le Breton, Esq., 3, t robby square. John Lindsay, Esq., 26, Laurence Pountney-lane. Tho:nas H, Brooking, Esq , Old Broad-street. Je;nn Griffith Frith, Esq , Austin-friars. A'exander Gillespie, Esq., 3, Billiter court. Ales. Macgregor, Esq., Arlington-street. John Scott, Esq., 4, Hyde-park-street. rirrther information will be supplied at the Company's Offices and IttP•ncice. WILL. THOS. THOMSON, Manager. H. JONES WILLIAMS, Resident Secretary. London, 82, King William street. EDINBURGH.. 3, George-street. LONDON ....82, King Willi M • street. DUBLIN.. .. 66, Upper Sacliville-street GLASGOW ....35, St. Vincent-place. NEW ADDITIONS.—G. V. BROOKE in his celebrated character of VIRGINIUS ; her Majesty Isabella, Queen of Spain Erpartero, Duke of Vittoria ; the Sultan of Turkey ; the Emperor of Russia, &c , are amongst the latest novelties at Iladame TUSSAUD'S EXHIBITION, Bazaar, Baker-street. Open from eleven till dusk, and from seven till ten.—Admission, ls. ; Napoleon Rooms. 6d. TURKISH EXHIBITION and ORIENTAL MUSEUM, ST. GEORGE'S GALLERY, Hyde-park-corner, FiccadIIIy.—MICHAELMAS HOLIDAYS.—OPEN DAILY, from Eleven till Ten, Saturdays excepted, when it Closes at Six. Admis sion, 2s. 6d. ; children, Is. 6d. ; Saturdays, ss. ; children, 2s. 6d. Family Tickets for dye; 10s. Schools admitted at Half-price. NIL J. Osborne Williams will preside at the Grand Pianoforte and Patent Harmonium. An Illustrated Handbook is published, price Oue LAIJRENT'S CASINO, ARGYLE Rooms, (Lessee, CRAB. C. Lanazrrr, Onslow-house, Fulham-road), The above Rooms are now OPEN FOR THE SEASON, is y and will continue open every evening, with LAIIRENT's CELEBRATED LAND. Constantinople Quadrille, Sultan Polka, Fair Star Waltz, and Overland Mall Galop, by D'Albert; also, by H. Laurent , the following Waltzes —La belle Fran :also, Leonora, YU kins and his Dinah. Admission, Is. Doors open at half-past 8. Dancing to commence at 9 o'clock, and terminate at half-past 11. MICHAELMAS HOLIDAYS. PATRON-H.R.H. PRINCE ALBERT. ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. An entirely new DUBOSCQ'S ILLUMINATED CASC tDE ACPARA.TUS, throwing Three Jets instead of one, and displaying a variety of beautiful colours, exhibited every evening at a Quarter past Nine. Also, DUBOSCQ'S NEW SUBMARINE ELECTRIC LAMP. MODEL of the HARBOUR and FORTIFICATIONS of SEBASTO POL, made by Sergeant FALKLAND and Corporal THOMAS, of the Royal Sappers and Miners, Woolwich. DI SOLVING VIEWS of the SEAT of WAR in the BALTIC and BLACK SEA, with new PICTURES of the HOLY PLACES, and the HARBOURS of SEBASTOPOL and CRONSTADT. LECTURES on the OXY-HYDROGEN MICRO S COPE, NATURE PRINTING, and en CHEMISTRY. The LARGE CHEMICAL — LABORATORY, and the PHOTO GRAPHIC SCHOOL and PORTRAIT GALLERY, open daily. In consequence of a family bereavement, Mr. Brayley's LECTURE on GEOLOGY is unavoidably postponed until Monday, the 16th inst. TO NERVOUS SUFFERERS.-A RETIRED CLERGYMAN having been restored to health in a few days after many years of great nervous suffering. is anxious to make known to others the means of cure. He will, therefore, send free, on receiving a stamped envelope, properly addressed, a copy of the pre scription used. Direct the Rey. E. Douglass, 18, Holland-street, Brixton, London. GR A VESEND S PACKETS. T A R No other Packets call at the Greenhithe and Purl The Packets call at the Piers as underlined (weather FROM TERRACE PIER, GRAVESEND, eet Piers. permitting). WEEK DAYS. SIINDAYI Terrace Pier 72 ASEASONABLE ANNOUNCEMENT. E. MOSES and SON have now ready for inspection the NEW 3IATEREALS for AUTUMN and WINTER DRESS which have been selected from all parts of the world. E. Moses and Son had never greater success in securing a vast and novel stock of the most fashionable fabrics for Autumn and Win ter, and they are confident the pleasure and satisfaction which will be expressed by all classes of their friends, patrons, and the public. E. Moses and Son have very many new designs in seasonable ATTIRE; their well-known skill and experience, and the most artistic cutters and workmen in the trade, are sure to maintain for them the elevated position they have so long enjoyed. E. Moses and Son's new PALETOT is the most novel and gentle manly garment of the season, and the most suitable article of Dress for the approaching Autumn. Its price, 255., renders it the best illustration of economy in Attire of which the present age can boast. E. Moses and Son's Hosiery Goodi tor Autumn are ready for Ladies and Gentlemen to make their selection. they consist of a gigantic as , ortment of rich and useful articles, and will show the progress of manufacture in all countries, and the perfect capabili tids of E. Moses and Son to offer the best and moat fashionable articles at the most economical prices. :Merchants, Captains, Emigrants, and others may select the best and ( h,apest Clothing, Shirts, hoots, and Shoe:, &c., in the magnifi cent Wito!esale Department at E. Moses and Son's Estindishment. Full Lists of Outfits for Ladies and Gentlemen, with ship sailing information, may be had ratis, on auplication, or post free. SPECIAL NO fie 2. The Establishment will be Closed the whole day, Saturday, the 7th inst., reopening on Monday morning, the 9th inst., at 7 o'clo2k. CAUTION.—E. MOSES and SON regret having to guard the public against imposition, having learned that the untradesman-like falseh od of " Being connected with their Establishment," or " It's the same concern," has been resorted to in many instances, and for obvious reasons, they beg to state that they have No CONNEXION WITH ANY OTOCR ROUSE IN OA OUT OF LONDON, except their own Establishments, as follows : London City Establishment, 154, 155. 156, and 157, Minories, 84, 85, and 86, Aldgate, opposite the Church, all communicating. London West-end Branch, 506, 507, 508, New Oxford-street, 1. 2, and 3, Hart-street, all commuicating. Bradford (Yorkshire) Branch, 19 and 20, Bridge-street. Sheffield Branch, 3f, Fargate._ . . Colonial Wholesale Branch, Melbourne, Australia. Merchant Tailors. Clothiers, Batters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boot and Shoe Makers, and General Outfitters for Ladies and Gentlemen. IMPORTANT.—ShouId any articic not give satisfaction, it will be exchanged if desired, or, if preferred, the money will be returned without hesitation. All goods are marked in plain figures, the lowest price, from which no abatement can be made. The Establishments are closed from sunset on Fridays to sunset on Saturdays, when business is resumed till 12 o'clock. A new Bock, with illustrations, entitled" The Echo of Public Opi nion," containing lull lists of prices, our system el self-measure ment, &c., may be had on application, or post free. Ici l'on parle Francais. Qui si parla Italian. Tiler apriet!t man Deutsch Aqua an. habla Espana 8 I it J. WOOD, Secretary. any I"' 1341 1134 3;.2 Direct Trains from the Boats marked t Omnibuses from Fenchurch-street Station to all parts of London every quarter of an hour. BRUNSWICK WiIARF, BLACKWALL, on the arrival of the fol lowing Trains from the Fenchurch-street Station. WEIM DAVI. SUNDAYS . al " . 1 .2 LI 4 . Fen- , 4-44 e, Fen- 4 ., •' . 5 i church i.t. "a F.., church 8 . t TA <I? Street cl 4 8 N ‘ 6 4 ti 0 4 - - 10 - _ 111 - - - .- 11 - _ _ 123( 2 1 4 2 1 ( —3% 4 l 5 _. —. —. .5 1,4 Passages marked * are direct. Pore Cabin. Saloon. To or from Gravesend and London •• •• ~. • 10d. .. Is. 2d. Gravesend and Blackwell or Woolwich Bd. .. Os. 10d. Between Gravesend and Intermediate Piers.. 6d. .. Os. Bd. BOAT TICKETS.—TweIve Months, sg. Os.; Ella Months, 31. Os.; Three Months, 21. Os. ; to be had of the Collectors on board the Packets; or of Mr. Monk, Terrace Pier, Gravesend. Sept. 26th. 1854. THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH AND MATURITY. Just published, price 25., illustrated with cases ; free by post for 30 stamps, NElt'ir pus DEBILITY; Its Causes, Symptoms, and Cure.—An Essay on Sper imatorrhcea, with Practical Observations on a safer and more successful mode of treatment of the diseases of the Generative System, obtained by the use of th e Microscope in detecting and distinguishing, by urinary examination, the real cause and effect of every variety of complaint, whether arising from solitary habits, excesses, accident, or climate, followed by practical remarks, founded on twenty years' experience in the treatment or Impuissance, Nervous Debility, Local Weakness , to • SPermarrhosa, & e. To which are added, Commentaries on the Physiology of Marri a ge , with pre cautionary hints on the evil s e m anating from empirical practice, and on the dangerous remedies advocated by various writers on these important disorders. By ;SA MUEL LA J MERT, M.D. 37, BEDFORD-SQUAR, LONDN. Doctor of Medicine, Matriculated Member of the UniversityO of Edin burgh, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Med ical gociety, Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, &e., &c. The essential object of this treatise is to point out the fearful con sequences resulting from certain habits, irregularities, and excesses which have pro duce d more m isery in Youth, degradation in Man hood, and prem a t ure d ecay at a ll s tages of Life, than, perhaps, arry other class of diseas e k nown t o mo dern Paihni°glsts' Its perusal is particularly recommended to persons entertaining secret doubts of their physical condition, and who are conscious of having hazarded the health, happiness, and privileges to which every human being is entitled. it is absolutely necessary thatall men should know, that there are Principles of personal management which cannot be violated without Incurring grievous penalties, and when wisdom and regret succeed the heyday of inconsiderate self-indulgence, how these penalties may be mitigated, bow the sting of their bitterness may be removed, and how the evil and its consequences may be avoided, and above all, that there is scarcely any degree of physical infirmity or functional derangement to which the timely aid of science cannot apply a cure. The Author has for a series of years been engaged in an extensive Practice in the treatment of these delicate complaints, which have e tt m uf ., ortunately teen too generally conilied to the care of, ignorant who inflict great Injury on those who arcs induced to place in their preicn.im's• Broth. Ln a Y be h'vZ, 2 , , of r s , and Co., 23, Paternoster-row ; Ilannay, 63, Oxford-street; hlrt 19 Leicester-square; Mann, 39, Cornhill; or free by post for fora:f ic =!., to any add ress f rom the Author ' s residence, 37, I3ed - a c Zi: rot f u z eons tatation daily from Eleven till T w o, a n d fr om —*We Time No. 19,353.] PUBLICATIONS. MRS. GREY'S NEW NOVEL. Just ready, in 3 vols. post Bvo., THE YOUNG HUSBAND. By Mrs. G 'tEY, Author of "Mary Sealiam," " The Gambler's Wife," Sce. Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, successors to Henry Colburn, 13, Great Marlborough-street. AN ADDRESS to the MEDICAL PROFES• SON, by JAS. TEAR,:LEY, Esq., on " The Advantages of the London and Provinc'al Med;cal lthectory as a Bond of Union for +the Profrssion and a Safeguard for the Public against Quacks and Quackery," appaars in the Medical Circular of tins day. Price 4d. ; by post, M. Office, 128, Strand. eIHANTREY'S "HAPPY LAND" and '"ROBIN ADAIR" are most charming PIANOFORTE. PI tt.CES for the Drawing Room, not difficult nor lengthy, but replete will! passagts of the utmost grace and brilliancy. Every pianist should immediately order them. Price 2s. 6d. each. Also, ell AN TR ErS celebrated CHRISTMAS QUADRILLES. (4th Edition.) Price 3s. London : Addison and II oilier, 210, Regent-street. APPETITE AND DIGESTION IMPROVED. LEA and PERRINS' WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE imparts the most exquisite relish to Steaks, Chops, and all Roast Meat Gravies, Fish, Game, Soup, Curries, and Salad, and by its tonic arid invigorating properties enables the stomach to perfectly digest the food. The daily useof this aromatic and delicious Sauce is the best safe guard to health. Sold by the proprietors, Lea and Perrin, 19, Fenchurch-street, L6ndon, and 68, Broad-street, Worcester; also by Messrs. Bartley and Sons, Messrs. Crosse and Blackwell, and other oilmen and mer chants, Lohdon ; and generally by the principal dealers in sauce. N.ll,—To guard against imitations, see that the names of "LEA and PERRINS" are upon the label and patent cap of the bottle. TRIESEMAR, protected by Royal Letters Patent of England, and secured by the Seals of the Ecole de Pharmacie de Paris, and the Imperial College of Medicine, Vienna. TRIESEMAR, No. 1, Is a remedy for Relaxation, Spermatorrhcea, and Exhaustion of the System. TRIESEMAR, No. 2, effectually, In the short space of three days, completely and entirely eradicates all traces of those Disorders which Capivi and Cubebs have so long been thought an antidote for, to the ruin of the health of a vast portion of the population. TRIESEMAR, No. 3, is the great Continental Remedy for that class of Disorders, which unfortunately the English physician treats with Mercury, to the in evitable destruction of the patient's constitution, and which all the sarsaparilla In the world cannot remove. TRIESEMAR, No. 1,2, and 3, are alike devoid of taste or smell, and of all nauseating qualities. They may lie on the toilet table without their use being suspected. Sold in tin cases at I Is. each, free by post, 2s. extra, divided into separate doses, as administered by Valpeau, Lallemand, Roux, &c.—To be had Wholesale and Retail in London of Robert John ston, 63, Cornhill ; Hannay and Co., 63, Oxford-street; and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street. THE WEST INDIA MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, WEDNESDAY, OCT. 4. The Royal Mail steam-ship Magdalena, Captain Abbott, has arrived at this port with the West India, Pacific, and Mexican mails, in charge of Lieutenant Fuge, R.N., Admiralty agent. Her dates are : Vera Cruz Sept. 4 'Port of Spain (Tri- Tampico Aug. 29 nidad) Sept. 10 Havannah Sept. 9 Grenada - 11 Santa Martha Aug. 25 Carriacou — 11 Greytown Sept. 5 St. Vincent — 11 Chagres Carthagena — 10 Martinique Kingston(Jamaica) 12 Guadaloupe — 13 Jacmel (Hayti) ... 13 Dominica — 13 San Juan (Porto Antigua Rico) Georgetown (De- Nevis merara) Tobago — 10 Tortola — 15 Barbadoes , 12 St. Thomas's The Magdalena brings 140 passengers, and on freight specie value 900,434 dols., of which 27,000 dols. is for account of the Mexican dividends, also precious stones value 500 dols,, 687 serons cochi neal, 5 serons jalap, 68 cases cigars, 391 bales to bacco, 4 bales sarsap ar ill a , 47 packages pimento, and 140 packages sundries. • From Jamaica there is no news of importance. A private letter from this island says : " We have recent accounts from San Domingo to the effect that the United States frigate Columbia, bearing a commodore's flag, accompanied by a corvette and steamer, had arrived at the port of Samana, and de manded the cession of that place as well as certain adja cent territory. A general officer and some engineer officers are stated to be on board the Columbia. Mes sengers have been despatched to Port-au-Prince for the purpose of informing the authorities about the matter, and it is expected that the Emperor Soulouque will be on his march to that part of the island, in order to re pulse, if possible, these daring invaders. " We have it on good authority that an American fleet has sailed from New York to Grey-town, for what object we are at a loss to conceive. The fleet, it is said, con sists of two frigates, three corvettes, and two steamers, in fighting order, and commanded by a commodore, they boast, of consummate bravery. "The island notes are now at par, and pass without any difficulty whatever. "The Assembly was dissolved on Friday by his Ex cellency the Governor. It is mentioned, in accordance with instructions from home, Sir Henry held -a Privy Council on that day, and at the termination of its busi ness issued his proclamation dissolving the House of Assembly, contrary to everybody's expectation. It came like a thunderclap upon every one, and has placed many of the members in a complete fix, as Jonathan would say, for it is confidently asserted on the best au thority that two-thirds of the late members will not be re-elected to the next house, but will be visited with the punishment which their past conduct so justly merits, and make way for more enlightened men than the late popular branch consisted of. The late Assembly is ge nerally regarded as the greatest evil Jamaica endured for a long time past, and persons appear to rejoice at its dissolution. "There are a few cases of cholera and scarlet fever now in the city, and the days have been extremely hot, with a great deal of thunder and lightning_; also repeated indications of rain, but we have had none." Dates from Jacmel (Hayti), are to the 13th ult. Business very dull, and would remain so till the new coffee crop came to market. Politically, all was quiet, and the Emperor had made some defi nite arrangements with the French Charge d'Af faires respecting the indemnity. It was also the anxious desire of the Haytian Government to make a pacific arrangement with the Dominicans, and negotiations were being entered into for this effect. The cholera had not entirely disappeared from Barbadoes, but existed in the parishes of St. John and St. Philip. Her Majesty's troopship Resist ance, 33 days from Woolwich, arrived out on the 2d of September. From British Guiana we have accounts to the 9th ult. The Court of Policy and the Combined Courts had both been in session. The speech of the Governor on the opening of the courts was most conciliatory in reference to the matters of finance in dispute between the colony and the home Go vernment. The health of the colony was good. Dysentery prevailed in the country districts, but it was not of a fatal character. The Boyal•G cu, -ette in reference to commercial affairs, says:— " We have had extraordinary weather for the time of the year. We are now in the midst of what is called the dry season ; yet we are almost daily visited by rain, and occasionally with violent storms of thunder and lightning —on one occasion accompanied by the loss of human life. Rain and thunder and lightning, however, have done little to retard sngarThe car's crop Rvourably, will he a largo one. nether this is matter for congratulati o n or not remains to be seen ; grumblers connected with estates assure us that the more that is made the greater the loss. There is this to be taken into the account, however, that, although price at home is M its Tory X 1 413i13311111 so are /' -z.-t r/- !,A; / ‘-' %~i C--6 T 7 .. . . . . Y 4 A, • ' ' At. ‘ ~.. __:. , , ~- . .------ , •: 1-:..., i;„ ..,,,,, -,,,. :',., 'k\lr - ' , 7• 1 ,, F , 5 ..• 413 . 1 ' 3 '44. A O4 ~ • 1 1,40 .i• iei;- '''' _ / .-.:,* 4 0, ... ArillOq44,i(?) i..- - A-..tN ,4 , 0),111.. ......‘,- ~ - -:,•-,4.1 3 - -, ,..•::., : ,,,5;: - .: -- ---:, ~, ,). :-., , ~. ~>„.:, ~ . .•,-.) I. - ii. \ 7 '- , '1...., 1 '-- I 4.4 g 1„,..,,,, ~,, ~,„....0 T n.,),1iii,:,.--. ,3 46., •_' - , ''' .l "' - tlt:` ,, i;F:...: I . : 131 4. ~,,,,-.4 :1%, • f,!... -- .-i• 7\_46. ; 3,1 0 7 ,* - 4 ,14 t, ' . -1;:, ,- „ 3'. x x , . Iy--fos 0 .,., ..40..,: i .,, ~,,&„ :. .:, , ~„,,,- i .---___ ti , .. , ,, ; ;,- ~ .. r ..01P-m‹... " i,..,. ~,.„ ./..„„ ~.... , .., ,7. .4 s -Ty t. -b-rEL .9 , ,ri. -- ..:-. Ytiri„., Lv l4 . • -- :..-:- 14i ,,' - , Rorr.4 '7 , `' - 'c - # ; - \ c ,- . ..-, , • .„,• : te.••'3 ' 6 , - ''-' , i Al ril .t~C-= T., 1 I 'CRT LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 5, 1854. freights here. Sugar is now taken at 11. 10s. a ton in place of 61. to 61., which were within six months the ruling rates." In St. Lucia the cholera was somewhat abating. About 1,400 persons had fallen victims to the epi demic in this island. The cholera was almost extinct in Grenada, but 3,899 victims had fallen by it. It was estimated that an expenditure of not less than 2,0001. had been incurred in carrying remedial measures to the poor during the prevalence of the epidemic. The plantations are heavily suffering from the want of labour caused by the cholera and by the protracted drought. The troops in garrison wore under orders to embark for the purpose of carrying out the new military arrangements for the West Indies. The last of this year's crop had been shipped. The following, obtained from the Custom-house books, shows the quantity of produce exported in the last year : " Sugar, 5,432 hhds 1,116& tierces 2,157 brig. "Rum, 2,709 puncheons, 117 hhds, 28 quarter casks, 8 djns. " Cocoa, 4,912 bags, 63 barrels, 10 tierces. " Molasses, 52 puncheons 2 hhds. "Shrub,. 1 puncheon, 1 hhd, 3 quarter casks, 3 djns. " Cotton, 200 bales, 7 bags." Compared with the exports of 1853, we have of sugar 154 hhds increase, and 2274 tierces and 205 barrels increase. In rum there appears in favour of this year 595 puncheons, and a decrease.of 9 in hhds, 30 in quarter casks, and Bin djns. In cocoa there is an increase of bags and 37 barrels. In , molasses 33 puncheons less ; also less in shrub 3 puncheons, 4 hhds, 11 quarter casks. Of cotton the exportation is this year 42 bales over the last. In Martinique business was brisk. There were 15 vessels loading there. An imperial decree abolishes the duty of 20f. per hectolitre of pure spirits imported into France from the French colonies. From Guadaloupe we learn that the Agricultural Society of that island had received intelligence of the formation of a company for carrying en the immigration of Madeirans into the French Antilles. The principle of introducing them in ships of all flags had been sanctioned by the government. Owing to the great scarcity of casks for exporting rum for Guadaloupe, the Governor had authorised the introduction, free of duty, of casks and mate rials for their manufacture. THE PACIFIC. SOUTHAMPTON, WEDNESDAY. By the Royal mail steam-ship Magdalena, Cap tain Abbott, we have received our usual advices and files of journals from the South Pacidc ports. From Valparaiso the dates are to the 15th of August. There was no political news. The Chambers h'td passed a bill to reduce the duties On silk goods, ready-made clothing, and shoes, to 15 per cent., and on carriages and furniture to 25 per cent. The scheme for establishing a bank of deposit and discount in Valparaiso was on the point of being carried into operation. The sub joined is a summary of mercantile affairs "The movement noticed in the last fortnight Iris been checked in great part by some heavy rains and northerners during the first days days of the month ; prices, however, of most articles of imports have been firmly maintained, and will undoubtedly continue so, in presence of the complicated state of political affairs in Europe, and the natural effect they must produce on the regular shipment of goods. The present fortnight has been very poor in arrivals, among them not a single valuable cargo. Those from Europe only consist of the Sophia Heyn, from Hamburg, the greater part of which goes to California ; the part destined for this market consists of some manufactures and a large quantity of furniture. " From the United States we have had no arrivals, so that the first coming out from that quarter will meet with a fast and profitable sale for their goods, of which the scarcity begins to be felt more and more every day. " The ;ales - made for Bolivia do not amount to over 50,000 dols. in assorted goods. The Elicsa, despatched in these last days, only carries those bought in former months. " Copper in bars finds buyers at 19 dols. 6c. on shore, some sales effected at that price. " Elides very scarce • 12 dols. would very willingly be paid for Barracas, acid even 12 dols. 6c. for light weights. " Flour in regular sales for home consumption at 7 dols. 6 dols. and 8 dole. ; few shipments making, owing to the discouraging advices received from the leading markets of this article. " Lumber—We have received several arrivals from Chiloe ; prices remain unaltered. " Coal lota much depressed. "Barley.—Prices kept steady at 16 fanegas, with bags, at four months. We are aware of a tolerably large stock existing in the hands of holders in the interior, and a decline may be expected on the return of fine weather and the opening of our roads for land carriage. " Jerked beef keeps at former prices. " Wool, none. - "Freights and Charters—About the closing of our last report, several desirable vessels were taken up for similar purposes and at about equal rates, namely, the British ship Chilena, ores, from two Chilian ports to Liverpool, 5/. ss. full. The British barque Berlisama, to come from Caldera, and load here 250 tons of pro duce for a Bolivian port, gratis, and there load ores for Liverpool, Si. 10s. full. The Chilian ship Cubana (late New Orleans,) ores, from Caldera for Boston. The Chilinn Ship Emilia, Huano Bay and Talcahuana for London direct, 1/. 15s. full. ' From Bolivia we learn that the Government was moving to the capital. Congress was to be opened on the 6th of September. The presidential elections about to take place would probably ter minate in favour of General Belzu. In Cobija an additional duty of 5 per cent. had been imposed on goods imported by that route. From Peru the capture of General Echenique by the revolutionary party is reported. The President of the Council of State had issued a decree forbid. ding citizens or others, subject to the laws of the country from accepting letters of marquee, or from arming or equipping privateers in Peruvian ports, during the pending war in Europe. With regard to th e a ff a i r s o f New Grenada, we are informe that Obaldia, the Vice-President, had escaped from Bogota and reached Ibague, where he immediately took charge of the executive power. General Herrera had proceeded to the north to take command of a division of the army. A large portion of General Lopes's army has reached Ibague. The speedy re-installing of Congress at Ibague was considered certain. The question of removing the temporary seat of Government to Carthagena or Ocana had been discussed. General Mosquera was in Honda, organising a large force to proceed north. Nothing is said of Mele's move ments. CIRCASSIA. AKEZOUGUY ON THE SCHAIDIA, Jury 4.—The Üboukh, or Übiche, have long enjoyed, among the Russians, and those who have derived their information from them, the reputation of being the most ferocious mountaineers of the Caucasus. Certain it is that they, have shown great bravery and perseverance in defending themselves against Russian aggression, and this is probably why they have been hitherto considered such savages. We are the first Europeans who have ever penetrated to the heart of their country, and we have only experienced kindness and hospitality from them. The geography of the Caucasus is very little under stood. The name " Circassia," from the Turkish " Tcherkesse," is very generally, though most impro perly, applied to the whole of that very extensive tract of country lying between the Black Sea and the Caspian on the one hand, and the southern steppes of Russia, and her Georgian provinces on the other ; but it is only a portion of this territory—that near the Black Sea, and inhabited by the Tcherkesse, or Circassians—that is Circassia. But the ignorance in these matters is so great that even Schamyl Bey is unusually styled a great Circassian Chief; and one of your wise morning contemporaries not long ago, actually gave the news that Schamyl had had an interview with some English officers, somewhere on the shores of the Black-Sea ! Now Schamyl is not a 'Circassian ; it is not certain that he has ever been in Circassia, and there is probably not one Circassian in his army. The chain of the Caucasus, which rises by a gentle and gradual slope in the neighbourhood of Anapa, and, stretching to the south-east, ends near Derbent, on the Caspian, offers in its range numerous peaks of the greatest altitude. Of these, the two most remarkable are Mount Elbeuz, the highest, which attains 17,500 feet above the sea ' • and Mount Kazbek, the most central. To the east of Mount Kazbek the chain is divided from north to south by a narrow defile, known to the ancients as the Caspian Gate, and in the present day as the Terek Bogaz, or Dariel Pass. Through thi; pass runs the great Russian military road which unites Mozdok to Tiflis, and which is guarded by a numerous line of forts, placed at a distance of from six to sixteen versts from one another. At the foot of Mount Elbeuz the Kuban takes its origin ; at the foot of Mount Kazbek the Tarok. Both rivers are equally famous in the annals of the Caucasus. They bOth run to the north for some distance, the Ku ban more so than the Terek ; then, both bending almost at right angles, but in contrary directions, one shapes its course to the west, to lose itself in a vast lake near Anapa, on the Black Sea ; the other, flowing eastwards, carries its waters to the Bay of Agiachanskoi, in the Caspian. The Kuban and the Terek, with the help of the mountains, thus circumscribe two portions of terri tory, respectively situated near the Black Sea and the Caspian, and have between them a tolerably large tract of country, resting on the central portion of the chain of the Caucasus, and limited to the north by the Malka, tributary of the Terek. From Mount Elbeuz to the Black Sea at Soukum Kale, with the Kuban to the north and east, the sea and the mountains to the west and south, is Circassia ; from the Kazbek to the Cas pian, with the Terek to the north and west, the moun tains and the sea to the south and east, lies Daghestan ; lastly, between Mount Elbeuz and the Kasbek, between the Kuban and the Terek, where they are parallel, is Kabarda in the plains, and the Karatzai, Baksan, De goner,. Ourouspi, and other territories on the higher grounds. The Russians are masters of the entire course of the Terek and of the Malka ; they also occupy both banks of the Kuban and, the east bank of the Laba, a branch of the Kuban. They have made military roads and built forts along these rivers, drivin g before them such of the inhabitants as preferred exile to the loss of their liberty. The country between the Laba and the Kuban, and between the Kuban and the Terek, inhabited by the Kabardas, Karatzai, &c., has thus been forced into cn tire submission, and a military road driven right through it, and over the mountains into Georgia by the Dariel Pass. But the Russians have never been able to ascend the other branches of the Kuban or of the Terek ; on these, and on the hills where they spring, the inhabi tants have been able to defend themselves, and have remained free, although hemmed in on all sides, and con stantly exposed to the attack of expeditionary columns. There exist, therefore, at present, in the Caucasus, two centres of independence—Daghestan, to the east of the Razbek aad of the Russian military road ; and Cir cassia, to the west of Mount Elbeuz ; separated from each other by a line of forts and a broad tract of con quered country, Kabarda, Karatzai, &e. But Daghes tan and Circassia do not only differ because they are geographically disconnected ; their inhabitants are also essentially different. In Daghestan the tribes are all of Tartar origin, talking a Tartar or Turkish dialect. The principal are Tchetchen, the Lesghis, the Kisty, and the Kon:nouk. They were converted early to the Mahome tan faith, and aro rigid observers of its ordinances ; their mollahs have al ways enjoyed among them a high repu tation for piety and learning ; and at various times they have been united under leaders claiming a holy mission, and exercising a religious as well as a military authority. Of these, by far the most illustrious and successful is the present Scheik, Schamyl. In Circassia, Tartars are certainly to be found ; the Nogai between the Kuban and the Laba, and towards the bend of the former, are Tartars. But the majority of the people belong to a peculiar race. They are Adighe, Tcherkesse, or Circassians. Tcherkesse is a Turkish word, of which we have made " Circassian." "Adighe" is what the people call themselves. The Adighe are spread all over Circassia ; they have probably lived here from a very remote period ; they have no tradition of the time they came here, nor of the place they came from. But they say that the Franks once lived among them, and point to certain artificial mounds, scattered over the country, as their burial places—a curious tradi tion, if compared with the opinion advanced by the cele brated Dieffenbach, that most of the races living in Europe in the present day originated in the Caucasus. The Adighe are divided into several tribes. It would be more proper to say that the Adighe country, Circas sia, is divided into several provinces, each of which gives its name to the people who live in it ; for a Circas- Sian tribe is.not a collection of people, followers of one chief, and originally descended from one common ances tor ; it is simply the inhabitants of one or more valleys brought in contact by the circumstance of neighbour hood or the geographical conformation of their country ; and when predatory habits were common to all the inhabitants of the Caucasus, they linked together to plunder with greater success, or to defend their per sons or their property. In general they recognised no chief, hereditary or other, but always selected one for every expedition. Living in a country where there are many and great natural obstacles to frequent inter course, it is not strange that the ties of a common origin should have been forgotten amongst such members of the great Adighe family as were settled at a distance from one another, and that predatory habits amongst a warlike people should give rise to implacable feuds that made the separation still greater. Thus the Üboukb, or Übiche, on the inaccessible hills sloping . towards the Black Sea between the valleys, or rather ravines of the Soubeshe and S o t c h a r i vers, i solated b y t h e ir position for years carri e d on war for the sake o f p l u nder and making prison ers , with the Adighe furthest from them, the Moobon on th e L a b a, and the Beel i ne on the Ku ban. The most remarkable fact in the history of the Cau casus is, that all these tribes, after having been so long hostile to one another, seeing their country become an easy prey to the Russians from their division, have at last, with . one accord, laid aside their own quarrels, and even their plundering habits, to fight against their com mon enemy ; an d t hi s has been effected b y th e influence of Schamyl an d hi s emissaries, and by the more g e n eral conversion of th e Adi ghe to the Ma h ome t an f a ith. It is avre a t many years since Scheik Schamyl first attempted to unit e t h e Adi g h e , a nd bring thera to co operate with hi m against the Russians , a nd for this purpose he sent among them one of his followers, Hadgi Mahmoud ; but Hadgi Mahmoud died soon after his ar rival in Circassia, and does, not seem to have had time to do much. Scheik Schamyl is not easily disconcerted, and in 1844 he sent another envoy, in the person of Mo hammed EiLin Effendi, one of his most distinguished fol lowers, and a man every way fitted to become the worthy coadjutor of Schamyl in Western Caucasia. He is the present Naib. But in the interval the Russians had conquered the plains of Kabarda, and were masters also of the hills of the Karatzai ; and it became a diffi cult and perilous task to penetrate into Circassia from Daghestan. A Kabradal promised his assistance, and the Naib first proceeded stealthily to his house, and was concealed there some time. At last an opportunity presented itself, and the Naib, with the Kabardai and all his family, fled together, and reached safely the other side of Kuban. The Kabardai could not have safely re mained in his country after sheltering an envoy of Scheik Schamyl ; so that his hospitality cost him his home. One would have scarcely believed that the Nal.b, arriving a fugitive in a country where be was a perfect stranger, could ever have acquired the influence he now L possesses. He brought with him proclamations from Schamyl, whose reputation and successes were well known in Circassia. The Abezacks, among whom be first arrived, were the first to recognise him as their governor, and all the Adighe race soon followed their example. The Nail) introduced into the country Mahometan institutions, and the Government of the Koran. The Circassians were already Mussulmans by name, but they were very ignorant of their religion, and very lax in its forms. But now mosques and mehkem6s rapidly appeared all over the country. Civil warfare soon stopped, all quarrels being amicably arranged by the interference of the Nail). Such of the tribes as would not give up their predatory habits were compelled to do so vi et armis ; individual robbers were severely punished, and forced to pay a good deal more than the value of the stolen goods. A regular police was appointed—two policemen for every hundred houses ; and a salary of a hundred roubles, nearly 161. per atmum, payable in kind, was assigned to them. To c' , ver the pu , lic expetv•es, the tenth plrt of the produce (accorging to Mohotnetan custom) was set aside, and this was divided into three portions ; one third was as signed to the mollahs and kadis, oue-third to the poor and to the• students at the mosques, and ,one-third to the Nob for his own maintenance, and every other public expense. The tenth of the produce, valued at the average Trehizond market price, is said to amount to 40,0001. sterling, The kadis at the inehkeino receive the tenth of the produce, and preside over its proper distribution. The introduction of Mahometan institutions has therefore tended to efface the distinction of tribe, and established order in Circassia. At present any one, whether he be a Üboukh or a Moelion, can safely travel from one end of the country to the other, meet ing everywhere with kindness and hospitality. Crime is almost unknown, except what arises from pri vate feuds, which, unfortunately, are still not uncom mon. As it may still be of interest, I will now enume rate what were the principal divisions of the Adighe. Though scarcely designing what is generally understood by tribes, they indicate the different provinces into which Circassia has naturally divided itself ; these are three in number. On the eoast from Anapa. to Touabs, extending inland to. the Pzass branch of the Kuban, live the Netconage and the Shapsough ; this will be the Shapsough pro vince. Between the Pzass and the Laba, in a succession of the richest and most fertile plains, rising gradually to the mountains towards the south, are the Abezack. Their territory fcirmerly reached the Kuban, but they have been forced to abandon the ground between the Kuban and the Laba, and indeed territory severaL miles broad to the west of the Laba. Blended with the Abe zack are a number of less important tribes—the Bza douh, the Kemgouy, the Hatookoy, the Mochon—whioh are scarcely as distinguishable now—as well as a number of fugitive Nogoi, Kabardai, and others, who have pre ferred leaving their country to submitting to the'Rus sians. The Abezack province is by far the richest and most important part of Circassia. To the south of Touabs, and as low down as Gagri, on-the southern de clivity of the mountains, are the Üboukh, with whom may be included several less important fractions of the Adighe race. The Üboukh is the most mountainous in habited country in Circassia. The people I have just enumerated—Netconage, Shapsough, Abezack, Üboukh, cc., all speak one language, the Adighabza ; there certainly are a few occasional particulars in each country, but they are not important—they all understand each other. In some of the valleys there exists also a patois, spoken almost entirely by the serfs, and which is probably Adighabza, corrupted and mixed with the language of serfs, all ori ginally prisoners of war, and of various origin. Besides the above-mentioned tribes, the Kabardai between the Terek and the Kuban, and the Beslinei between the Kuban and the Laba, are also Adighe, speaking Adighabza ; but, as they have been conquered, they cannot be counted among the free Circassians. There is another race besides the Adighe, which 'has also given inhabitants to Circassia—it is the Abaza or Abktaze. Where these people came from, and what relationship they bore originally to the Adighes, I can not say ; but there certainly exists in the country tribes so called, and so calling themselves, and talking a pecu liar language—the Ezrabza. The Abaza tribes live to the south of the Üboukh, on the coast between Gagri and Soukum Kal6. The Üboukh despise them supremely, and say they are great cowards. The Abaza in general have shown themselves friendly to the Russians. There are some Abaza also on the north slope of the mountains, near the source of the Laba; these are the Bengh, Baraki, Chegirci, Kisbekonage ; they are independent, and the Naib has sent among them a de puty in the person of Degonary Effendi, who has esta blished a mehkens there, and governs them. The Naib has not yet attempted to do anything with the Abaza on the coast. There are few Tartars in free Circassia, and these are almost all Nogoi fugitives. The Karatzai who live be tween Mount Elbeuz and the Kazbek seem to be Tar tars, but their language offers a curious peculiarity—it contains a great many Persian words. Whether this is to be traced to the passage of Nadir Shah in the Cau casus during the last century, or to the presence of the Persians here at an earlier period, I must leave for others to decide. THE AFRICAN MAILS. PLYMOUTH, WEDNESDAY EVENING. The American mail steamer Candace arrived here this evening with the mails from the West Coast of Africa. She left Cameroons August 10, Largos 17, Liberia 27, Sierra Leone Sept. 3, Tene rife 17, and Madeira 26. Her freight consists of palm oil, gum, pepper, Cochineal, ivory, and 8,000 ounces of gold. The Candace brings 20 passengers, among whom are the President of Monrovia and secretary, the Hon. Thomas Brown, &o. There have been disturbances in the River Bonny ; the chiefs are endeavouring to settle matters. Trade had been suspended there in con sequence for five weeks. The Hero, of and for Liverpool, struck on Bonny Bar on the 9th of July, and foundered on the 11th, 50 miles off Fernando Po ; crew saved. The American ship Hart wont ashore in Monro via roads on the 31st of July, and became a total wreck ; crew saved, but cargo partly damaged. The barque Wellington, from London to Hobart Town, was lost on the 29th July, on the Sanguin coast of Monrovia ; crew saved ; master and mate arrived here by the Candace. The Sophia Moffatt, of London, from Singapore for London, with a general cargo, took fire, and was consumed on the 21st July, 150 miles off Sene gal ; crew saved. Her Majesty's ship Pluto was at Fernando Po. A large number of her crew, including officers, were sick. The Britomart and Ferret were off Sierra Leone. The mail steamer Forerunner was at Bathurst. Two French war-steamers were at Goree. The United States sloop of wcz Dale was at Ma deira. AQUATIC FEAT.—On Saturday evening last two un dergraduates of Cambridge arrived in this city in a couple of funnies or wager boats, having successfully performed the unprecedented feat of rowing across Eng land, viz., from Cambridge to Chester, in these fragile and apparently unsuitable vessels. We are assured that the difficulties and dangers of the expedition, arising from mills, sluices, and rushes in the rivers (the last named occasionally blocking 11;11(10 ct water ~ :our, € ), and from boats and locks in the canals, are not unwor thy in comparison with the cataracts of the Danube and the whirlpools of the Rhine. The distance traversed proved about 270 miles. One of the gentlemen, we may romult is a Osstriano—Okster Courant. THE PERSIAN ARMY. The following detailed account (extracted from the Friend of India) of the present strength and composition of the Persian army will be considered of some interest in the present posture of affairs : " The first introduction into Persia of European die cipline and a knowledge of the fabrication and use of artillery and firearms was due to the gallant and adven turous Shirleys, who entered the service of Shah Abbas more than two centuries and a-half ago, and gave him valuable aid in his wars with the Porte. But although a few European officers and artificers were after that to be generally found in the Fersian armies or courts, little advantage resulted until, in 180 G, Napoleon, whose views were turned towards India, entered into an alli ance with the Shah of Persia, and sent several officers to discipline the Persian troops, and organise the ma terial for an army. After a time the Russians obtained an ascendancy, and several of their officers were em ployed ; but in 1828 a number of officers from England and India were sent to reorganise the force, which still retains the system then introduced. This fact has given the whole organisation a peculiarly British character ; while the great services and high qualifications of Sir H. Lyndsay Bethune, Colonels Ferrant, Sheil and Pass more, Major Todd, Captain Lynch, Mr. Armstrong, and several others, have established a high opinion in the minds of the Persian soldiery regarding the skill, courage, and justice of British officers. " The Persian army, as at present organised, is com posed of regular and irregular infantry, irregular ca valry, and regular artillery, of which the latter alone is permanently maintained on the establishment. The regular infantry (serbaz) which consists of 82 regiments, is divided into two classes—the one forming the active permanent force ; the other a reserve, somewhat similar to the Land wehr troops of Germany. The active por tion of the infantry consists of three regiments of Guards and 32 Regiments of the line. Each regiment (fouj) is composed of ten companies (dusteh) viz., one of Gre nadiers (dusteh bahadaran), one of Light Infantry (dusteh mekh booran), and eight line or battalion com panies (dusteh serbaz). q," Each company is of the following strength :—One captain (sooltan), one lieutenant (naib-i-awal, one sub lieutenant (naib-i-duwum), five sergeants (serjoga), 10 corporals (deh-basbi), 100 privates (serbaz). " The line companies have each one fifer (neitchee), and the flank companies one bugler (sheipourchee). "The staff of the regiment consists of one colonel (ser jung), one lieutenant-colonel (yaver•awal), one major ('aver-duwum), two adjutants (one to each wing), one surgeon (jerrab), one accountant and paymaster (mirza), one bagge master (tablidar). "The full strength of a regiment is, consequently, 1,190 of all grades. The right wing is under the charge of the lieutenant-colonel, and the left wing of the majors. "The uniform consists of a red or blue cloth jacket, loose linen breeches, high brown or yellow leather boots, and the national lambskin cap ; the two latter are sup plied by the soldier, for which, however, he receives an annual allowance of about 7 rupees. The accoutrements are made of leather, on the European plan ; the arms are flint muskets and bayonets, of either English or Persian manufacture, which latter are of exceedingly good quality. The formation is in two ranks, and the men are good shots, manceurvre smartly, and are toler ably steady under arms. " Two regiments form a brigade (teep), which is under the command of a general of brigade (ser-teep), and two or more brigades constitute a division, commanded by a general (serdar). A general-in-chief is called amir-i-too man ; a marshal, amir-i-nizam. The War-Minister has the the title of wuzir.i-nizam, and he is assisted by a staff officer, uniting the functions of our adjutant and quarter-master-general's departments. who is designated ' adjutant bashi.' Of the three Regiments of Guards the Ist, or Bahaderan Khassa, is a Grenadier corps, and com posed exclusively of Christians, either subjects of the empire or refugees ; it is at present commanded by a Russian named Samson Khan. The 2d Regiment is called the old Guard, and the 3d the Guard of Karamania. " The position of the colonel somewhat resembles that of the colonel proprietaire in the Austrian service. " The annual pay of the several ranks is as follows : Private 6 tomana and 1 daily ration. Corporal Serjeant Sub• Lieutenant Lieutenant Captain -- 4 Major Lieutenant-Colonel 220 10 ---• Colonel 5OO 20 " The value of the toman is about 5 rupees. The ra tion consists of half a batman of bread, equal to about 31b. A captain receives one ration of forage, consisting of 2 batmans of straw and 1 batman of barley ; and the field-officers receive severally three, five, and ten forage rations. " The pay of a general of brigade is 1,000 tomans a year, with an allowance for his establishment, which generally consists of the revenues of a village. The pay of the higher ranks depends on their influence and posi• tion. " The remaining 47 regiments form the reserve force, and of these the greater portion are little more than skeletons, the men being allowed unlimited leave. They are, however, annually mustered and exercised for a few days, and are always liable to be called on for service when required. A considerable portion of these corps have recently been embodied, and are now forming a re serve camp under the orders of Khan Baboo Khan, the King's uncle. The recruiting ground of these corps is chiefly distributed over the provinces of Irak-Ajemi, Fars, Kermans, Yezed. Their pay, when embodied, is that of the active force, but while on leave they receive nothing. " The irregular infantry consists partly of a militia and partly of contingents, furnished by the frontier die. tricts ; this force amounts to about 80,000 men, called Toofungchees, armed with muskets or matchlocks. They are only called out on particular occasions, and even then they receive no pay and find their own arms and i equipmems, but they receive rations and ammunition anti a sort of general license to plunder. ' "The whole of the Persian cavalry (Kooschoonee Sowaree) is irregular. Several attempts at organising regular cavalry under European officers have been made, but without sUCCOP a a nd All WITO /Mg any roducidt. e_ fll(t r. f.rnri 2.. lia 10 [PRICE SD. With the exception Of 10,000 men forming the Royal Guard, the cavalry force is drawn from the several tribes when required.. Thq 440 forge. t they;Fe bound to furnish amounts to 190.000 men, which, with the guard, gives a grand total of 200,000 cavalry. " The fixed contingents of the tribes, to whicb, extent they can be called upon if reqnisite, is aifollows : Khorassaa 45,000 horsetien. Fars. Kerman, and Arabistan 50,000 The Bakhtiaris 15,000 Kurdistan 20,09 . lrak-Ajetni 20,000' Azerbijan 40,000 " So large a force of cavalry may appear erscessive with reference to the population, but it must be re.mem bered that the infantry arm is proportionally weak, .and also that in some parts of Persia, and especially on th.f3 frontiers, almost every man is a.horseman. These troops receive no pay, and they furnish their own horses, arms, and equipment; but when called out they draw rations' for themselves and their, horses, and look to•plunder for a ll c i s ,. They are commanded by their own Khans and suberdinate officers, but these are all nominated by the Shah. A portion of this force,. varying in strength, is permanently kept on foot, a certain number . nf Villages being assigned ler their support. • _ c : _ " But the only reh3ectable body of permanent cavalry is that composing the two':eorpe of the Royal , Geirst: which amount together to 10,000 _mounted men, desk :: • nated severally:the GOlam-i-pesh Khidreut and the d'etilam i- Shah. Of these two corps, the first, hblde the-,. higher rank, as the Body Guard of the Shah. Formerly, this corps, like ,the original'Marnelnkes of Egypt, was re cruited by the children of Christian parents in . Peorgia,• le Armenia, &c., but now it is elosively composed of Mussulmans of good family.. _ . .. • " On appointment, the Sower receives 40 tomans for the purchase of horse, and equipments ; the pay is 30 tomans per annum, with rations and forage, and cloth for a new uniform at the festival of Naoroze. The whole, generally speaking, are very well mounted—the arms are a carbine, the curved sabre, a long dagger, and a pair of holster pistols. The perquisites, when employed on civil or political duties, are very considerable, and they are thus enabled to keep up a very strong and efficient appearance. The other and subordinate corps of the ' Golain-i-Shah' are similarly but less sumptuously equipped and mounted, the outfit being only 25 and the annual pay 20 tomans. " The artillery is confined to Horse Artillery and Camel Artillery. The former, which takes the place of foot artillery, is organised in batteries on the English system, and the latter consists of zumbooruks, light swivel guns attached to the saddle of the camel, deriving their name from zumboor, a gnat. The Horse Artillery forms 3 regiments, each of 8 troops or batteries, with 162 officers, 3,258 non-commissioned and gunners, and 4,368 horses. There is also a reserve corps with three batteries, 600 men, and about as many horses—giving a total in round numbers of 4,000 men, 5,000 horses, and 162 field guns. The batteries consist of 5 guns and 1 howitzer. The heavy batteries are composed of 12-pounder guns and 24 howitzers ; the light batteries of 9,6, or 3-plunder guns, and 12. pounder howitzers. Each battery has 9 ammunition waggons, 7 for the guns, and 2 for the howitzer, with the addition of a rocket •carriage and 1 spare guncarriage. The guns are worked by mounted detachment ; eight horses are allowed for the draught of each 12 9-pounder gun and 24-pounder howitzer, and 6 horses for the lighter pieces and the waggons. An or dinary battery has 182 horses. The ordnance and car riages are all constructed on English models, and espe cially the latter are of very serviceable description ; but small-arm ammunition is carried on light two-wheeled tumbrils of the Russian pattern. English weights and measures are exclusively used by the artillery and in the magazines, and a translation of the " Pocket Gunner," made by the late Major D'Arcy Todd, who was for several years in the Persian service, is the present guide and basis of their system. " The corps of Zumboorchees consists of four com panies, each of 50 men, with a captain and two lieu tenants. Each man is mounted on a camel, and carries his zumbooruk affixed by means of trunnions to a swivel on the front of the wooden saddle. The piece in form resembles a short musquetoon, having a stock and flint lock with a wrought iron barrel, carrying a ball of about 13 ounces, the whole weighing about 751 b. The total load, including the Zumboorchee and a supply of am munition, amounts to 4501 b. One spare ammunition camel is allowed with every two Zumbooruks when on service. " Great pains have been taken to render this • little corps as perfect and efficient as possible, it being a favourite arm with the Shah, to whose guard it is attached, and on all public occasion% of ceremony it form a leading feature. The artillery generally is the most efficient branch of the service, and is kept tolerably com plete. The uniform resembles that of the infantry, the jacket of dark blue cloth with red facingA, the breeches of blue cotton, the boots, sword and pouch belts of black leather, with a regular horseman's cloak for bad weather The arms are the sabre and a pair of pistols. The pay of each grade is one third higher than that of the in fantry, and the officers hold rank a grade higher than in the line, a colonel of artillery being equal to a general in the other branches. " The whole departments is under the charge of a sort of Grand Master of Artillery, called Amir-i•Topkhaneh. This appointment, which is considered one of the most important in the empire, is only conferred on officers of the highest rank, and is occasionally held by the Grand Wuzeer. There are several well stored arsenals, the most important of which is that of Teheran; which in cludes a foundry, a gun carriage and small-arm manufac tory, with an extensive laboratory and workshops. " The large guns llre for the most part of brass, and 800 camels aro kept tip for the parks and other ordnance purposes. In addition to the regular artillery, each large town has a bOdy of trained gunners for local defence. " Such are the strength and organization of the Per sian army at present. "The material is in many respects excellent—the men are tall, powerful, active, and intelligent, sober and tem perate in their habits, capable of great endurance, and by no means wanting in courage ; but they are generally averse to discipline, inclined to be mutinous, notorious liars, and incorrigible plunderers ; and they have never yet proved equal to their only disciplined enemy, the Russians. Well supplied with European officers, and brigaded with European troops, the result might be very different. The arms and equipments, including the ord nance, are of decidedly good quality, and they are ex ceedingly well supplied with good horses, either for cavalry, artillery, or for baggage. Good saddle horses for artillery or cavalry cost from 20 to 40 tomans, and strong yaboons from 8 to 12 tomans, while camels fit for artillery purposes cost the Government from 10 to 16 tomans ; their ordinary load being 120 tabrizimans, equal to more than 61 cwt. " Thus it is evident that a British contingent em ployed in that quarter would not be likely to want the means of transport." The infantry reserve and the militia, though the raw material is excellent, can be at present little better than a rabble, and the irregular cavalry contingents are mere Bashi-Bazouks, but the artil lery is said to be admirable, and Major Rawlinson, in his letters to the Bombay Government, states that there is an available force of 40,000 realty good troops. With such an array, and with the assurance of no interference on our part, there can be little doubt of Persia becoming paramount in Affghanistan after Dost Mahomed's death, if *not earlier, and such an event, by strengthening Persia and giving us a responsible Government on our North-western frontier, would not be of itself dis advantageous to British interests in India, but it would be so if Persia, thus strengthened, were allowed to continue under the influence of Russia. RUSSIAN FORCES IN THE CRIMEA. The Moniteur of the Fleet gives the following statement respecting the Russian forces in the Crimea : At the time of Prince Menschikoff's famous embassy, and of what we should call his expedition of the Golden Horn, the 13th division of Russian infantry was concen trated at Sebastopol, awaiting orders for embarkation on the Black Sea fleet, in order to be conveyed to the mouth of the Bosphorus. This demonstration, quite in accordance with the Prince's ways, would either constrain, he thought, the Porte to sign his definitive ultimatum under the pressure of 12 ships of the line anchored off the Point of the Seraglio, and of 10 to 15 thousand Russian bayonets, or insure the capture of Constantinople by a bold coup de main. But the scheme miscarried, and these very troops, collected on the coast of Mingrelia, arrived just_ in time to prevent Tiflis from falling into the hands of the Turks in the month of September, 1853, at the time f _were when the combined fleets of France and Engla nd at Beskai. The el3th brigadedivision o f the was 14th then division comingt S f e r b e a m s t o o p d o e l s e b a y the Ist , l and which was conveyed to Sebastopol on liners Silaphael and Uriel, acoompa n Flora and Kuteveka. This brigade ie o b n y b th oa e d of the frigates r the t h o r e d e l in s e o : f — M T ai h o e r G o e 72 e r 7 a , l dkin v S n h iabbynoxi. Colonel i com prised, under ns ki twe regiments cru sbeii ; and the No. 28, Minsk, C o lonel Pri io • At the beginning of t his year, the 1 71 i division (3d daif, four regiments, two corps, General Tsh6o two and of the light infantry) began its being of the line for the Crimea, where itarrived comprising in march from Moscow March or April , at the same time as two c ava l ry regi. man ta of the light division of the 6t h corps, and four or six field batteries. Th e other corps of the active army are Id such a distance from the Crimea that it is neither prObable nor possible they could have sent any reinforcements to this province, with the exception, however, of the 4th and sth corps. These two, under the command of Generals Loiters and Meyer, are stationed in the gar risons of Bessarabia, Kherson, and Taurida, and they did send to Sebastopol, about three months ago, two brigades of infantry, sixteen battalions in all. As for the artillery for ce i n Sebastopol, it usdd - to consist of seven companies. We must also add to these forces a certain number of battalions uf • Odssack regukr Wan . Oh p, and as local mi li tia, Lastly, Oebastopef44 ~l z'~~~ G lately reinforced by gio4AoX'soviithdrairti frepia forte of the Black Sea. , To sum up, the following is,perhaii; the colspissition: of the collective force now in the Crimea _ _ •;,-01 Ist brigade of the 14th' division; itbninutnded .0 by Major-General Shabokrinski, and comprising a aBT al the regiment No. 27, Volhynia, Col..Chruelieff,f a .zit and the regiment No. 23, Minsk, Col. Pilliod ; kin ; say 8 ba.ttalions at 1,0'06 each - • g,OOO- - • a 17th division -Major-General Leubimoff). comprising the regiment of the line, 15T0..33, Moscow, Major• General Kartyanoft, and the , regiment No. 34, Busirsk, Col. Feodoroll The regiment NO. 33 of . light infantry,:Bora , dino, Col. Verefkinshelusa, and tlaa regiment, C z i 110. 34, ditto, Tarulin,Major-General Volkoft B,OIH ca Tight diviSigin': - the 4 Second brigade of _the Itussar regiment N`b. 11, Kief (Gra n d D u k e Nicholas-MaxiMilianovitch), And NO: 1 12, Inger. manland (G ran dDukeOrSaxeyVein*), - Colonele • Charletski and Batovitch, say 16.squadions 3,200 cous t ols. An exact estimate is difficult ; we think we 13 near the 'nark by putting them down as , 20 , 000 FIELD ARTILLERY. Men. Six batteries, 48 guns ..................... 1,200 Seven garrison companies ...... ....... : 1,400 Two light batteries AFarines 20,500 , i , 70,U0G i We consider, then, that 70,000. men mpj bs.ve been the effective strength of the Russian troops in the Crimea the wornent our troops biaded. and.ou-ups-avi0......a.... _ t at reint:wcements could not Lave arrived. It is very t ue the statement has been made that 40,0,00 men had b en sent frond Odessa . i . put in the first place the ad irals bitvenev.er constoerea . the garrison of this place s rcinger than Ig,Dob of lit th6St -1 20,P00 Inert, and it tel zr.l4 obablo these hate been rentoired; -*hen eipectiniri ' v sit from the Allied fleet, , As or, the main cam ad rince Gortschakoff, : h.aving ts)maroh:acroes the steppes, i could not arrive befove the end of Xoientber, and we ed not therefore allude here further to it. ‘ . ' : 24 " 4 --r-ust.---tliu clesvatches from our vietOrione - - - my will 8004.1 et ng ltngw :rehat,yie are to thin, Ispect. THE FEENCn doIIEMLZABIAT. _ - i In the Moniteur of yesterday is published a somewhat lingthy, but interesting and instructive report from the military intendant of the army of the East. The topics reported on are the arrangements made for hospitals, the provisioning of the troops, encampments, and trans ports. We subjoin that part of the report which relates tb the provisioning of the army. • These wants being well understood,' I set about sup plying them. I freighted at Constantinople all the sad. ing and steam transports that could be found. I suc ceeded in getting a sufficient number of them, not merely for the first convoy, but in order to prepare for the second, so that it will be ready to sail the moment the. steamers detached from the squadron shall come and fetch them. Moreover, I got the admiral of the Otto man squadron to take onboard his ship 450 tons of our provisions. Thanks to these means, the supplies of provisions calculated for 30,000 persons drawing rations are coinposed of— Biscuit, 25 days Ration for a meal and for soup. Flour, 15 days Rice, 45 days. Rations at 90 grammes each. Salt, 55 days. Sugar 50 days. Double ration. The navy will ne Coffee j_ supply any. Wine. 800,000 rations. Brandy, 400,000 rations. Salt provisions, 17 days. • Fresh meat, 10 days. Your Excellency will remark that the victualling in animal food is relatively small. I could not possibly procure a greater quantity of salt meat. Not one of • the vessels sent from the English and French seaports had arrived before my departure. I hope some will reacb Varna before my second convoy puts to sea. As for the fresh meat, I have not had shipped on board more than 800 oxen, because there were no oa•stalls on deck. However, Ido not think we shall run short of meat. The navy is - to supply me with ,salted meats for 12 days. We shall...then hate' provisions for 39 days; now, 39 days after the landing, we shall surely by that time have received the second convoy. Besides, the question of Sebastopol will =be decided, and it is probable that we shall find cattle by that time for sale in the Crimea. The fodder question was the most difficult to be re solved in a satisfactory. runner ; neither , has it been, except in so far as bailey is concerned. Not o n ly i s the bay difficult to send for an'expedition of this nature, but we had very little of it at Varna. The greatest part of what was there has been distributed to the deck-stalls and stables. There is hardly enough left for a week in the convoy, but there is barley for about 40 days, taking the ration at 5 kilogrammes. I hope we shall find hay and straw in the Crimea. Tile commission sent by the marshal to reconnoitre the coast saw plenty of haystacks not very far off from the place of landing. If the Rus sians have not destroyed this precious resource, it will remove the only serious difficulty of the expedition in a • co`mmissariat point of view. This difficulty will' always exist, Monsieur le Ministre, wherever forage cannot be procured in the countries occupied by the army. The transports by sea are so slow, so un certain, on account of the two straits they have to sail through, that, despite the great resources derived from Algeria, and which your Excellency placed at my disposal, despite those, equally important, which I have collected on various points of Turkey, I am always ex posed to a scarcity of hay. _ . We only saved seven field ovens from the fire at Varna. I take them with me ; the army will then, from the first opening of the campaign, be able to receive bread every third day. I carry with me besides iron and baking materials for making twenty ovens. A ship laden with bricks, another with boards and posts, are in the convoy. Besides these, several ships have bricks in ballast. The probable snot for lauding is completely bare. No wood is to be seen for a certain distance around. I bad to foresee the case, in which the resistance of the enemy would not permit our divisions to take up imme diately their positions on the wooded grounds : I conse quently had some ships in the convoy laden with 6,000 cwt. of firewood. THE NEW STAMP ACT. Ir/ On Wednesday next the new Stamp Act, making some important alterations, principally relating to bills of exchange and promissory notes, will take effect. Bills drawn out of the United Kingdom are to be denoted by adhesive stamps, and not to be negotiated without such stamps being affixed. With regard'to bankers' drafts, by the present law drafts drawn on bankers within , 15 miles are exempted from duty, but by this act a draft cannot be remitted or sent beyond 15 :'miles unless duly stamped, or be received in payment or as a secu rity, or otherwise circulated, under a pen'alty, of 501. All bank notes, other than the Bank. of Englatid, are to be liable to duty. There is a clause repealing the exemption from receipt stamp duty of letters by the general post, acknowledging the arrival of bills, notes, or other securities for money., Receipts of money paid to the Crown are to be exempted from stamp duty. Some alterations are made with respect to stamps on conveyances of property. The duty on pawnbrokers' licenses in Dublin is reduced from 151. to 7/.' 10s. All contracts to serve as artificers, servants, &c., in the colq nies aro to be exempted from duty, as also public maps and documents referred to in deeds or writings. Leon for a period less than a year are to be chargeable with duty on the rent received, In order to encourage the purchase of stamps, persons buying stamps not exceed ing one shilling duty are to be allowed at the rate of 71 per cent. on 51. worth and upwards. . No charge iat4bo, made for the paper on notes and bills where the same does not exceed the duty of ls. An allowance is to lbli I made up to the sth April next for stamps rendered.use less by this act. • All instruments tibia -to 'stamp 'duty are to be admitted in evidence in criminal proceeding!, although ; 'not properly stamped. The 'nevi j diftiei oa inland bills of exchange and promissory notes payable other than on demand, commence at id. where the amount does not exceed 51. Not exceedingla tie ' duty will be 2d. ; not exceeding 251., 3d. ; not exTri ing 301., 6d. ; not exceediug 751., 9d. ; mid not exceeding 1001., is. The next stamp is 2s. for not:exceeding 2001. It is erroneously supposed thai vi th a mi e ne w af du t t h. duty will a6t be payable on the 10th inst., but the nesday next. are " from and after the 10th Octobe r." , it Wed. THE GOLD COMPANIES. - ---7-- - the New Granada q.— quits Compan,i,sizir GRANADA COMPAN T . received, ier At d I ' 4it -i) have I ag a ena, This conipanY f gold dust — viz., 238 ounces the produce of the ounces ° • 148 ounces Bolivia, 70 ounces purchased Frontino mine, s account, together with advices under data The annexed are from a n d m ar i2 l VAugust 21, to the effect that the first batter y of 15 stamps of the new mill at FrontinO was to co d,,, n ence working that day, that the other battery was a l so complete in all essential points, and would very shortly be at work, and that the new mill at Bolivia was fulfilling the most sanguine expectations entertained of oilthemooedmeri it." " " This company.MhAaßvi:rueicTeAivCedomtre following advices— viz., Marmato Mines for the month of Jane, 1854 : Ores raised, 974 tons ; rough ores, remains, stull stuff; and remains of remains stamped 1,630 tons ; average number of stampheads at work per diem, 86 3.loths ; daily average per stamphead, 12 6.loths cwt. ; fine gold obtained per ton of ore stamped, 7 dwt. 3 gr. • obtained from the stamping-mills, 588 oz. 6 dwt.; obtained on purchase, 56 oz. 13 dwt., making a total of 644 oz. 19 dwt. Cost, 9,965 dols. ; returns, 16,251 6 70. Banta Ana Mines for the month of June :—Ore raised, 258 tons ; mine produce for amalgamation, 33 tons ; rough ore stamped, 200 tons ; average number of stampheads at work per diem, 17. Cost, 5,599 dole. ; returns, 5,252." ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS.—The following mem - - • hers of the college, having undergo o the necessary examinations, were admittd Licentiates in Midwifery ' at the meeting •of thn board on the 3d inst..---Messrs. 'Edward Austen Steddy, Chatham (diplom a of member shir dated April 3, 1154) ; Hem yJobn Thorp, Maldon, t Essex (June 23, 1854) ; Edward H oo p er Ma y , Totte ; . ham (April 21, 1854) • Edwin Bennett, Dorchester (February 27, 1852) • " o hm Jones, DAVYl2,,MerioueV4. ' shit. (August 5, 18 51 ) ;,antl Apbse Blithe - Vheslao . -iea!lh, liincoluldr• (liprfilfalaii, f` - ~-~---~-P • #l-5' • - - k ~~