The Sun. — London, England, 1863-08-18 00:00:00

BATTLES OF GETTYSBURG. • (F rom the Special Correspondent of the limes.) HEADQUARTERS OF GEN. LONGSTREET, NEAR GETTYSBURG, July 2. Ps was not till 4 in the afternoon that the battle eosnmenced. Upon the extreme Confederate right advanced Gen. Hood and the Texans, who would follow his tall form up to Gehenna's gates, and the day's disasters commenced by a wound which be at 'once received, shattering his left arm below the elbow and forcing him from the field. His division fell to the command of the senior Brigadier-General, Robertson, who swiftly shared Gen. Hood's fate, and resigned the command to Gen. Law. On Hood's left advanced, hardly with sufficient promptitude, the division of Gen. M‘Laws. Observing some de lay in their advance, Gen. Longstrcet threw him self at the head of Wofford's brigade, and led them under such a fire as has rarely been witnessed right -up the slope. Repressing the disposition of his men to cheer him as he took his place at their head by the brief exclamation of " Cheer less, men, and Eget more," Gen. Longstreet, mounted upon the same charger w , hich he has ridden in a score of battlefields, without either horse or rider, both recklessly and constantly exposed, encountering even a scratch, plunged into the thickest of the fight. There are in all wars undemonstrative, un selfish, and natural men, whose worth is chiefly known to their soldiers, who seldom attract and care nothing for public applause, but on whom in the direst stress of critical battle the sternest and most hazardous role devolves. To this order belongs Gen. Longstreet—a man fighting not for praise, or civil or social distinction, with a repugnance to those self seeking politicians (a class happily almost unknown to England) who manipulate for their own advancement the reputation of such generals as con descend to become their creatures. Few, indeed, among the generals of Lee's army are such self seekers —least self seeking of all Generals Lee and Longstreet themselves. It was natural that one of the Federal prisoners brought back in this very charge by Wofford's Brigade should, upon learning that the big man who led the advance was none other than Gen. Longstreet, have exclaimed, "No wonder we are thrashed upon every field ; there is not in the whole of our army a Lieut.-General who would have risked his life in such a charge." Against the first position of the Federals the advance of Longstreet's two divisions was completely successful ; against the second and stronger position he had not men enough to essay seriously upon this day to prevail. Meanwhile on the Confederate centre and left Generals Hill and Ewell mingled in fierce conflict with their sternly-resisting enemy. Vain indeed would be the attempt to portray in language the scene which the Cemetery-hill, held by the Federal centre, and the lines of their right wing, lying im• mediately behind Gettysburg, presented to the spec tator. If it had not been reserved for me to listen next day to a still more awful din, I should have fancied that no such scene had ever before saluted mortal eye or ear. A thick canopy of smoke, con stantly rent by bright darting flashes of flame, cast its dense pall over the struggling, bleeding thou sands who toiled and died in its centre, while out of the opaque gloom, as though from the bowels of the earth, one deep prolonged bellowing roar never ceased to issue. Through the deepening twilight and on far into the night the fierce struggle con tinued, until, in the gloom, the dazzling parabolas of flame, bursting into sparkling jets and corusca tions as the shells cracked and exploded, made a ghastly pyrotechnic display. It:was not until! ate in the night that it was learnt that the divisions of Nudes and Early had at one time actually carried a part of the Cemetery-hill, and had sent down a peremptory entreaty for support to Generals Pinder and Anderson of A. P. Hill's corps. But General Pinder lay at the moment desperately wounded. The request was, for some unknown reason, unheeded by Gen. Anderson. Rodes and Early fell back to their old positions, and the only advantage gained by the Confederates consisted in the carrying by Gen. Longstreet of the first position of the Federals upon the extreme . right of the Confederate line. JULY 3. Between the first and second positions originally held by the Federal left intervened a large bare sloping meadow, nearly a mile in width. Across this Valley of the Shadow of Death the Confede rates' advance, committed this morning to the divi sions of Generals Pickett and Pettigrew, had no option but to proceed, swept by the concentrated fire of the countless Federal guns, and exposed whets nearing those guns to hailstorms of musketry bul lets. The distance was too great to advance at the double ; it was necessary to move slowly and deli berately, that, as the men approached the batteries, there might be some dash left for the final on slaught. Early in the morning General Longstreet's line stood thus :—On the extreme right the division of General Hood, commanded by General Law; next to him the division of 111‘Laws—these two divi sions being by General Longstreet held in hand to launch against the Federals should success attend the onward movement to their left. Next to M'Laws came the spes gregis of the moment—the division of General Pickett, supported and assisted on its left by the far larger division of General Pettigrew, belonging to A. P. Hill's corps, and ordinarily com manded by General Heth, who received a singular wound on the first day. He was struck in the centre of his forehead by a Minie bullet, which laid bare the bone, and then glided off. He attributes his escape to the fact that he was wearing a Yankee hat which was too large for him, and in front of the forehead be had inserted a thick wad of paper, which was strong enough in its resistance to the bullet to save the General's life. It should be noticed that most of Pettigrew's division consisted of mcn who had never been seriously engaged before. They have recently been drawn horn North Carolina, where for months and months they have been engaged in watching the fantastic me- mtces of Generals Hunter and Foster, and others in the neighbourhood of Newbern—menaces which must have caused the Federal Government untold millions of dollars, and which have been productive of no good to them beyond the larceny of a few negroes and the sack and pillage of sundry houses of B non-combatants. It wou ld h ave b een easy to enure the only material ad van t age soug ht by th e _ e derals on that coast—the suppression of the shad a 'aek herring fisheries in Pamli co an d Alb emar l e So inad s---by the presence in those waters aof few sloops Of war. T he d s i , v;i , sio; , l of Gen. Pickett, s h orn o f t wo o f it s gl believe, left in th e v i c i n ity o f S u ff o lk, b ut i n number shortly to join Lee's army, did not di v i sion of u ' i)t il .. exceed 4,000 men. Th e s t rong the lbt, agsiot ttl 6 , rew, which in its engagement of siderable loss, numbered Reyn o ld s , sus t a i ne d incon cox's Brigade, temered, With the addition of Wil ti 10,000 men. It wa3 P : ra rilY attached to it, about attack was deliverea r allydesirable before their the Confederate batterleast a heavy cannonade from exhaust and perhaps siitslaould, as far as possible, guns. Accordingly, and e t isonae of the F e d era l Walton, Chief of Artillery to h ,4 i nstructions of Col. Col. Walker, Chief of Artillery z. Lo ngstreet, and battalions of artillery, numbe r n o ell. A. P. Hill, were got into position, while sita l f ia l all 140 g uns , were made by Gen. Ewell on the lefrtaz.r"gernents upon the Confederate side alone there must that in all been a concert of about 2 00 guns. It eatrilist have a d ou bted that their thunder was ech oe d backrf dlY be s i m ilar number of pieces on the Federal side, ando the reader's imagination must it be left to conceive the diapason of 400 guns. The thundering roar of all the accumulated battles ever fought upon earth rolled into one volume could hardly have rent the skies with fiercer or more unearthly resonance and din. Far back into the mountains the reverbera tions rolling from hillside to hillside startled strange and unmusical echoes. Vast cumuli of cloud, such as would have shrouded 10,000 Homeric goddesses, had they cared in these days of villainous saltpetre to mingle in the nteMe, floated over the strife; horses, the suffering and tortured ministers of man's fury and wrath, lay thickly dead or horribly muti lated upon the ground ; constantly from out of the , white pall of vapour issued wounded and mangled men, and rumours that this or that General was killed, that this or that regiment was reduced to a corporal's guard, traceable to no authentic source, neither believed nor disbelieved by the listeners, rose as it were out of the ground, until the spec tator, a prey to that whimsical caprice which at moments of fierce and absorbing excitement seizes on men's minds, found himself wandering in thought to strange and far-off scenes, to happy valleysvihich had never seen war, and vaguely speculating how their echoes would awake and resp)nd to such a thunderous din. Precisely at 1 o'clock, responsive to the warning summons of two signal guns, the 140 pieces in the Confederate centre and right opened fire; nor were their voices hushed until 40 minutes after 2. Then came General Pickett's turn, and nobly did he spring to the head of his undaunted men, and mar shal them to the attack. With long floating locks, with a seeming recklessness, which is, perhaps, partly assumed, bat which stamps him of the Murat type, General Pickett, of more demonstrative courage than other generals, but not less unflinch ing than his own sword, seemed as he advanced to lead his men into the very jaws of death. Slowly emerging into the open ground, with shells singularly ineffective, as it seemed to me (consider ing the apparently murderous precision with which they air burst) cracking and snapping over them at every stride, Generl Pickett's men seemed to take hours to surmount the mite of interval which divided them from the Federal batteries. At length their destination is reached; with a wild yell they spring into the Yankee earthworks; astride of each Federal gun rides a Confederate soldier ; the group around General Longstreet congratulates him that the ad vance is a complete success, and for a few moments eye of breath is drawn more freely, but the quick s G i o e n n r u a p l o L n o w n gh whose t s r e e e a t l mo s t discerns si mu t l h t a a n t e r o u e s t t i a g d r v e a w n ' s e e d i d vi e i p s e n i n d se confusion h n e f u r s e i o t e n n . t i o u n p b o y n P t i c h k e r t t l o e f f t t h r e e c t ad ti p g t r u e r w e ,8 menguns, when close up to the Yankee descending batteri es, theperceive hill to large column of Feer flank them. Retaining h is so that faptearinichabit to of a thinking for themselves which soldier, the Confederates first halted, then got into confusion, then broke and fell back. The frightful damage from grape and:canister which, shrinking at this perilous moment, they could not but sustain, was compared by an eye-witness of both scenes to the punishment inflicted on the Federala from the heights of Fredericksburg in December last. In vain did General Longstreet send Major Latrobe to General Petti grew, shortly before the latter's troops broke, urging him, in military language, " to refuse his left"— that is, to meet the flanking column bya line thrown obliquely out to meet it. Major Latrobe's horse was shot as he sped on his message, and on foot he could not get up to General Pettigrew in sufficient time tolnstruct and guide him. When Pettigrew and his men fell back, the flanking column of Yankees, meeting with no resistance, swept round until they approached and overlapped Pickett. Then, and not till then, he commenced to give way. " Hide, blushing glory, hide" the cost of that re treat. Out of a division of 4,300 men he brought out, in the first instance, about 1,500, though I be lieve that another 1,000 straggled in the next day. His three Brigadier-Generals lay dead or desperately wounded upon the field ; out of all his field officera only one major came out unwounded; 11 out of the 13 colours which he carried into action were lost. Since the commencement of this war I know of no division on either side which has ever made so resolute an advance, or been so rudely and mur derously handled. Long will the 3d of July be remembered in anguished Virginia, from which State almost all Pickett's division was drawn. Gen. Pickett and his staff, all of whom miraculously escaped, were torn by grief at the loss of friends known for a lifetime, but doubly and trebly en deared by the common perils and sufferings of these last two years. Bat if at an earlier stage of this letter I fancied that less than his usual calmness was visible in General Lee's face, all trace of cloud and anxiety passed away in this the hour of our deepest gloom. Riding from knot to knot of the stragglers, with kind, firm, calm words encouraging the disheartened, rallying every man who could carry a musket or was only slightly wounded, he infused confidence and spirit into his men at the moment which of all others is most trying to volunteers. General Will cox, riding up to him, with tears in his eyes, ex claimed, " General, I have tried to rally my men, but as yet they will not stand." General Lee re sponded, " Never mind, General, the fault is all mine. All that you have to do is to help me to remedy it so far as you can." If any testimony to the affection and confidence inspired by General Lee were wanting, it might be found in the cheers issuing from the interior of ambulances as they passed him, bearing their ghastly load of wounded to the rear. This scene was witnessed by Colonel Fremantle, of the Coldstream Guards, who has returned to England, leaving behind him many a friend in the Confederate army, which he has ac companied for the last three weeks. After the repulse of General Pickett's division the struggle was virtually over. It is true that on the extreme Confederate left General Johnson, of Ewell's corps, captured a hill which would have been important had complete success attended Longstreet's attack. As it was, both armies, fear- fully exhausted by their losses, fell back on the night of the 3d, to commence on both sides preparations for retreat on the 4th ; the initiative in retreating, as was subsequently believed, having been taken by General Meade. The incidents of the day's battle, the struggles of individual companies, which, to borrow Napoleon's expression, " belong rather to the biography of a regiment than the history of an army," would fill a volume. Suffice it to say. that while the particulars of the Confederate loss being more known to me are given in more detail, there is abundant evidence that ttie Federals, with their heavy columns of troops massed behind their bat teries, and fearfully exposed to artillery fire, suffered a loss as unprecedented as was the valour which, for the first time in its existence, the Grand Army of the Potomac on this occasion displayed. JULY 4. A steady downpour of rain from a low brooding leaden sky—a day in keeping with the fortunes of the nation whose once joyous national holiday, the 80th since the acknowledgment by England of its independence, was rolling gloomily, and unobserved away ; the sight in every grove and almost under every tree of burying parties, some times with tears of convulsive and agonised grief, rendering the last sad offices to the Allen, depressed every heart; nor was the prospect of a night march in such weather known to be immi- nent so soon as darkness should fall, calculated to cheer or elevate the spirits. All day long, while the big guns on either side frowned at each other in angry silence, Gen. Ewell's enormous train, swollen to vast bulk by the plunder in horses and wagons which on their first incursion into Pennsylvania he had abundantly collected, was filing off behind the Confederate centre and right, and pushing into a pass of the South Mountains (not the same as we had traversed when advancing from Chambersburg), which leads obliquely to Hagerstown. Towards evening the wagon train of A. P. Hill's corps, which occupied the centre, followed Ewell ; and it was not till long after midnight that the train of Longstrcet's corps got under weigh. From 7 in the evening till 3 in the morning we lay silent and moody upon the soaking muddy ground, clinging to the log fire which the damp and chilly night made most accep table, deluged by frequent dashes of heavy rain, watching Gen. Longstreet as, in deep thought, he walk e d cease l ess l y b ackward and forward like a Bailo r on his quarterdeck. Presently we were joined by Gen. Lee. It cannot be pretended that the 1 spirits of the party , under circumstances which would h dr awnheavily on the resources of Mark s d radiant as usual, b u t even t o thi s ,i:,1:, , ~ ::::ee ~: ia : ea ena n to witness. Thha.tklast. It was a strange scene all-pervadin g se a t ote, i utincus slimy mud, a nd gloom, the heavy rain, th e through it knee dee , s g times with t rousers turneeatinaes baref oo t e d, some p tramping file after file of men, eltvahl:c along the roads of whip above the knee, side the bright camp fires, st for thousands r.ider's eye of yards, dazzled and bewildwe;dtihntrhoeu fort.whearind: fiercelygu drove s of sight, as he tried to steer his oxen goaded with much shouting among flocks of terrified sheep, and through terstices of mile after mile of wagons, and caissons eatseons, a nd guns, and attendant camp-followers. At length, on the morning of the sth, the rain _- ~--~ THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 18, 1863. stopped ; though only for a short season—a halt was permitted—food and absence of rain exercised their restorative influence, but as we set forward again in the afternoon the pertinacious downpour was re sumed. Another wretched night, passed half on the march, half in a saturated wheat field, another long day's march, and on the night of the 6th we reached the little town of Hagerstown, distant aboat five miles from the Potomac. RICHMOND, July 28. Upon the 14th inst., the army of General Lee, which had lain passive in the neighbourhood of Hagerstown since the evening of the 6th, courting rather than expecting an attack, was withdrawn across the Potomac into Virginia. To take this step there were many circumstances which moved General Lee. In the first place, the same unprece dented weather which had accompanied almost the whole of his march into Pennsylvania continued until the end, and the heavy downpour of rain which ushered in the month of July and had been scarcely intermitted for 14 days, pursued and pelted us mercilessly as we again approached the Poto mac, swelling the river until it threatened to burst its banks, and driving the quartermasters and com missaries of the army almost to distraction. Secondly, there was difficulty in finding mills which, in the swollen condition of the streams that fed them, could be made available for grinding wheat, and supplying the army with flour. Thirdly, the dis astrous and unexpected tidings of the fall of Vicks burg and Port Hudson, coming on the top of the failure of General Lee's Pennsylvanian campaign, induced him to abandon the hazardous measure, which he at one time contemplated, of again ad vancing against the enemy, flushed as he was with the triumph of having for almost the first time in this war zepulsed a Confederate attack, and inspirited beyond expression by the fall of Vicksburg. But at a less serious =meat it would he laughable to read the feigned indignation of the Northern press at the lathes of General Meads in not gobbling up General Lee and his army. In the history of all previous re. treats from the Anabasis of Xenophon up to the pre sent hour, never was army withdrawn with so little molestation from its enemy as General Lee's. That there was considerable anxiety entertained by Gene rals Lee and Longstreet during the night of the 3d and the day of the 4th of July, in regard to the pos sibility of General Meade's assuming the offensive, I am far from denying. But such anxiety was early dispelled by the capture of a Federal courier bearing despatches, which announced that on the night of the 4th General Meade's head-quarters would be at Westminster, or in other words, at a point much nearer to Washington than Gettysburg, and at which the indications are that a strong position had been selected by General Meade, where, but for the attack which he was obliged to accept at Gettys burg, it was his intention to have made his final stand. How cumbrous and unwieldy a machine was the army of General Lee will be evident to all who reflect that he advanced into Pennsylvania for an unknown and indefinite period, with immense (although not sufficiently immense) ordnance trains, and with vast supplies of stores connected with the Commissary and Quartermaster-General's Depart ments. It is a mistake to suppose that the trans portation of the Confederate Army is unusually scanty and limited. Compared with the sumptuous trains and countless sutlers that accompany the Federal hosts, the Confederates, it is true, carry little indeed ; but it is not likely that the war economy pursued for the last two years by the Federal Go vernment will be accepted as furnishing any other precedent for European nations than the shortest cut to ruin. lam assured, however, by competent and experienced judges that the Confederate trans portation trains rather exceed than fall short of the European average. Specially is this the case with Stonewall Jackson's corps, now for the most part under Ewell's command, which under its famous leaderfrequently undertook campaigns in the lightest marching order, but of which the normal trains were large and cumbrous, and scrupulously guarded at all times by the ceaseless vigilance of General Jackson himself. But on this occasion General Lee, in addition to his own very sufficient trains, had accumulated in Pennsylvania an amount of farming wagons which is so _variously estimated that I dare not assign a figure to it, but which, from personal observation, I can state to have been very conside rable indeed. These wagons were principally at tached to the Corps of Gen. Ewell, who was always in the van as we entered Pennsylvania, and their vast aggregate heightened the difficulty of adopting one of the possible plans which I indicated in my letter from Hagerstown, and which by some empirics General Lee has been blamed for not selecting. I allude to the plan of falling back into the gorge of the South Mountain, and there awaiting an attack from General Meade. This course was rendered im possible—first, by the premature engagement be tween Hill and E we ll an d t h e two Army Corps of the Federals o n July 1; and secondly, by the distance which separated Gen. Ewell and his vast transpor tation trains from the bulk of Lee's army. It is still opin r i e o s n o l o v f i n t g h e t b o est a el n d m w e wisest s h s e t a r o d n s g t h p a o t s i G t i e o n n . t Lee, he inw a j point o t t i o fi f e d fact,in thinking w i h t e h i c n o u a l n d a w e i e n , of a at Ge ttysbur g , played f or a m i g h ty stake which he and which, How nearly the Confederates succeeded in driving their opponents from the heights is probably fully known only to Gen. Meade and Gen. Halleck ; but some measure of the damage inflicted upon the Federal army may be taken by one who witnessed the faintness and feebleness of Gen. Meade's pur suit. With the exception of a brief cannonade be tween some of the Federal cavalry and the rearguard of Gen. Ewell on the sth, pursuit there was none. Some damage was done to Gen. Ewell's train, prin cipally,' believe, through the agency of Pennsylva nian citizens ; but altogether there were not 100 wagons destroyed. Gen. Lee returned to the Vir ginian side of the Potomac with 5,000 Federal pri soners ; with his immense trains all but uninjured ; with an amount of Pennsylvanian waggons and horses which I dare not attempt to estimate ; with out the loss of a caisson or a gun, except two, whi c h were abandoned because the horses broke down ; without paying any other toll than that which was exacted in the three days of battle at Gettysburg, and for which no doubt full value was given by the Federal army; and with his own army in such heart and spirits as I have never seen excelled. Considerable credit is duo to the engineer depart ment of Gen. Lee's army for the ingenuity which they displayed in building, with great rapidity, the pontoon bridge at Falling W' aters (about four miles from Williamsport), which upon the 13Lh and 14th inst. conveyed Gen. Lee's army trains and most of his army across the Potomac. During our absence in Pennsylvania the Confederate pontoon bridge, which had been left in the Potomac and was insuf- ficiently guarded, was, as some say, by the inhabi tants of Martinsburg. and, as others, by the inhabi tants of Hagerstown, in great measure destroyed. It will be recollected that General Lee's army reached Hagerstown on the evening of the 6th. For some days we lay there without thought of further retreat, but when the calamitous tidings from Vicksburg and Port Hudson overtook us, and when simultaneously the rain continued to descend, it was deemed advisable to stand once more upon Vir ginian soil instead of striking deeper into Mary land in pursuit of an enemy who had obviously no intention of attacking us, and out of whom another fight could only be got by following him and assailing him in his own chosen position. It be- came abundantly evident, when by slow and tardy marches, protracted from the 3d of July (the last day of battle) until the 11th, when the Federal army bEgan to approach Hagerstown in force, General Meade drew near to General Lee again, that no hop.: of a general engagement could be indulged unless it was brought on by General Lee. The Federals reconnoitred our position near Hagerstown, which consisted only of a few hastily thrown up breast works, and not liking the look of it, fell back for two miles, and began to ply dili- gently spade and pickaxe, according to their almost invariable practice. It is singular how frequently, since General Lee assumed command in Virginia, 13 months ago, the Confederates, in the numerous battles which have occurred, have been the assail- ants. For seven days in the battles around Rich mond they acted always on the offensive; it was the same in the series of battles which extinguished And few things are more tGeneralbethe setae at ChanCellorsville, it the ; Gettysburg. weet evident than that, in spite of the homage which Federal Generals all concur in paying to Mei": same P at ope re spective armies, nothing is further from the policy of each General than to follow the example of General Burnside at Fredericksburg, and to attack Gen. Lee in a position chosen by himself. It was the opinion of General Jackson, it is the opinion of General Longstreet no less than of General Lee, that upon the soil of Virginia it makes no difference ss hat the disparity of numbers may be, if the Con federates fight behind even the most insignificant breastworks and receive their enemy's attack. It is difficult, so long as the spirit and morale of Gen. Lee's army remain what they are now, to compute how many men the Federals would have to bring before they could carry such works as defendßich mond and Petersburg, if ever they should succeed in driving the Confederates from the open field into these works. accident happened after thedeceased placed himself in,the position in which he was struck. Mr. H. J. Dalrymple, 34, Great St. Helen's, gave corro borative evidence. Edward Gilbert, a cabdriver, said he had measured the groun d „h er , the accident had taken place, and found that the urinal near which the first omnibus stopped w as 29 f eet same about 12 from the kerb, and the near whem,, of the feet from the kerb. He considered the fileCOM Omnibus was going at the rate of seven miles an hour. At the Um.: the deceased was struck there was three or four feet distance between the two omnibuses. Langley, the driver, tiled to pull up directly after the deceased was knocked down, and did so about 20 yards from where the accident happened. He did not try to pull up before the accident. He was driv ing about seven miles an hour, and he considered it would take 20 yards to pull up horses going at that speed. The road was down-hill, and there would always be a difficulty in stopping an omnibus under such circumstances, as the strain was all upon the collar, although it might have been stopped in a less space. Benjamin Watkins said he was drivel of the omnibus to which the deceased was conductor. The other omnibus runs from Notting-hill to Mile-end Gate, the time of starting being about the same; he generally started first. He started on that occasion from St. John's Church at ten minutes to three. About Furnival's Inn witness heard his conductor say "We j wo I" and he pulled up. The con ductor sever said a word else to him—in fact the direction to stop were the last welds he heard him utter. Hearing something coming his near side he turned to see what it was, and then saw the deceased knocked down by the defendant's omnibu&, In answer to questions he said he never heard the conductor give him directions to pull in and stop the other omnibus; he might have said so, but witness did not hear him. The omnibus works in with the London General Omnibus Company's omnibuses. There was neither oppo sition nor racing on that day. There was plenty of room for the Whitechapel omnibus to pass him on the near side, The distance Langley went after the accident was not more than would be required to pull up in, although it might be done in a yard or two less. The speed was about 8 miles an hour. Geo. Cook, of 2, Holford-mews, Holford-square, said he was a cab-driver, and at the time of the accident was first cab on the rank. Saw the omnibus of which the deceased was conductor stop. It belonged to the General Omnibus Company. Hearing a scream, he looked round, and saw the conduetor in front of the pole of another omnibus. (He then described the accident), and added that the driver, Langley, did not stop when first spoken to,although he gave two checks to his horses. He slackened the pace and looked behind, and then pulled up about 10 or 12 yards from where he knocked the deceased down. By a Juryman—Langley stopped before the police came up. Walter Woolfe, a general dealer, said he was on the de ceased's omnibus at the time in question. He then described the occurrence, and said the omnibuses were going at the ordinary speed, and there was no racing, Harriett Briggs, wife of James Briggs, said she was in the dark-green omnibus, and observed the horses of another om nibus dodging very close behind them. She said the dark green omnibus did not stop until the conductor was on the ground ; in fact, it was partly in motion then. Chas. Waters, a barman, said he was a passenger by the light-green omnibus, and saw the dark one hailed by a pas senger. The deceased jumped down while the omnibus was in motion, and told the driver to drive over to the near side, He was then standing by the side of the omnibus, and wit ness heard him say, " Pull to the near side." The driver of the omnibus I was in called out to the deceased, and the off side horse trod on his heels six or seven times, the pole at the time pushing him along. The driver of the light om nibus pulled up and tried to stop as soon as he called out to the deceased, and stopped 15 or 20 yards from the spot where the deceased fell. The deceased jumped down from his own omnibus right in front of Langley's horses. He was going about eight miles an hour, and called out, but within two or three seconds the pole struck and knocked him down. Witness also called out to him, but there was no time to stop the omnibus and avoid running over him. There was no room for a vehicle to pass on the off side. Mr. Christopher Williams said he was one of the house surgeons of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, and deposed to the deceased being brought there dead. The death he con sidered arose from a fracture on the base of the skull. Sarah Hetworth said she was waiting on the pavement at Furnival's Inn when the deceased's omnibus drew up, as if to take her up. She did not require it, and shook her head. She then corroborated the other witnesses as to the occur rence. She added that the accident would not have occurred if the deceased had remained between the omnibuses, but he persisted in running. The driver of the light.green omni bus could not have avoided a collision. After some further evidence, the coroner summed up, and the jury deliberated for a lengthened period. The learned Coroner (finding that there was no chance of their agreeing, the numbers being nine to eight) discharged the jury at five o'clock, without giving a verdict. It is understood that the majority (nine) were in favour of a verdict of manslaughter; and the minority (eight) for accidental death. The Recent Murder in Switzerland. A correspondent of a contemporary writes :—Tbe recent assassination of M. Quensel, of Hanover, while travelling in Switzerland, has excited such general horror and con sternation, and so many vague accounts are in circulation tending to cause groundless alarm, that I believe a simple statement of facts may be acceptable to your readers. On arriving at Sion a few days since I found information had been just received of the arrest of Bartholomew Balet, the !murderer. His brother had been for some days previously in custody, and there appears to be no room to doubt that these two men only were concerned in the atrocity. The tr aveller had started from Sierre, i n t en di ng to walk th rough the beautiful Vals d'A nn i v i ers and d'Herens. He slept a t Zi na l , an d l e ft i n th e morning of the 23d July, i ntending to p ass th e Cola Sorr e b o i s an d Torrent to this place, H e was accompan i e d b y a guide, the brother-in-law of the " au b ergiste " at Zinal. About midday he reached the summit of the Col du Tori ent. Here the guide called his attention to a small wall of stones very recently erected on the summit. A powder flask and bullets were also seen on the path, The traveller descended the Col shortly in ad vance of the guide. When about ten paces from the summit a shot was fired, and a ball passed through the guide's shoulder and broke the arm of the traveller. The latter exclaimed" Sauve qui peut," and commenced running; at the same moment a second shot brought the guide to the ground. The traveller probably followed the zigzag path, while the assassin ran down a direct course, and he must have fired again almost close to his victim, as the clothes bore marks of the powder. The bullet passed through the heart, and death must have been instantaneous. The assas sin returned to the guide, from whom he took the knapsack, threatening at the same time to finish him, The guide im plored a few moments to make his peace with his Maker. The brigand, touched with pity, bound up the guide's wound and helped him back over the Col, offering him five francs, " Nous sommes cinq," and adding that if his companions knew of his sparing him they would kill him also. This statement created the belief that an associated body of bri gands existed in these parts. The guide, faint and ex hausted, remained on the mountain side until his groans brought some shepherds to his help. They carried him to the nearest chilet, where he became insensible. This was at a considerable distance from Grementz, the nearest vil lage in the Val d'Anniviees, and it was not until the follow ing morning that a party of villagers was able to ascend the mountain. They found the body of M. Quensel on the path, despoiled of everything of value except a ring. It was ne cessary to communicate with the authorities of the place be fore the peasants dared to remove the body. This was done, and the remains of the unfortunate man were subsequently brought here and interred in the village churchyard, where they now rest, the grave being carefully tended and dressed with mountain flowers. Subsequent inquiries prove that only two men were con cerned in thi s h orrible murder, and these two are b rot h ers named Balet, i n h abitants of a small village on the other side of the Rh one . T he elder was last year convicted of forgery ; he escaped f rom prison, and, accom panied by his brother, fled to Algi ers . They refrained there till t h e spr i ng o f this year, when th e y returned ; but the elder bro ther, to avoid arrest, appea rs t o h ave led a wild life, secre ti ng hi mse lf i n the mountains in the neighbourhood of his home. It is sup posed that the Y o unger brother gained in formation at Sierre of the intend e d course of M. Quesne l , an d thu s th e p l an formed. Fou r s h o t s were fired ; both men had double-bar relied rifles. Th ese have been subsequen tly found, an d one of them, peculi ar l y marked i s r ecognised by the guide. The knapsack an d alpenstocks h ave also been f oun d , concealed in an o u tb uilding be l ong i n g to the family of the brigands. Withi n an hour or two of the murder two men were seen by the shepherds hastening by another col, the Pas de Lonaf from the scene of the murder towards the Rhone. I hav e received this intelligence from the Presi dent of the Trib unal of Sion, who yester d a y revisited th e scene of this h orr ibl e catastrophe, accom panied by the offi cials and a gentleman. from Hanover sent by the King to attend the inv es ti gat i on. The younger b rot h er Balet was appre hended shortly after the murd er at hi s own home. The elder fled to the Canton Berne, and was a few days since arrested at a vil lage called Gsteig, on the further side of the Sanetsh Pass. The popular indi gna tion is s o g r eat that precaution has been deemed necessa ry to prev ent the execution of summary justice on the prisoner's arrival at Sion, while chains of more than or di n ary strengt h h ave been prepared to prevent a second escape of the conv ict . These are, I believe, cor rect details of an occurrence which has occasioned a deep sensati on throughout Switzerland. It must naturally affect the confidence hitherto reposed in the Swiss; but I do not stand alone, and have been secured, per petrators of the crime . n there is but one and among the population there . feeling of execra tion and of grief at the c country. mortally and the trial 11 witake place in a wounded, is recovering, fortnight. The guide, who was The Late Fatal Omnibus Accident been killed Williamee apprehended, otebnrydthaeV srPa 3 Thatliving first, but it pass is second There Wls4aibvtlesry short, distance Payne resumed the inquiry, at morning Hospital, respecting the death of Chas. St. Bartholomew omnibus conductor, who was run over on Fox, aged 37, an c an other omnibus on Holborn-hill, and Thursday last by It being alleged that the accident was 31r. at 7, Furnival's Inn, said —On the driver of the second omnibus had half-past three, I was standing at the racing, but was admitted to bail on Friday last. one o n beinglv as calledsligh slightly when my attention cau passed ids verywtheereother broad. o : t b h e e clolarnuersrdoaly .ul,ausrtn, javbarstlnn, to two omnibuses racing of Holborn • her. before the ot • i n e• at the rate of eight or nine miles an Hove they were g° " about level with the body of the him. The . the eeased having alighted near side at a rapid pace, e in front of t and attempted horses of the second knocked down by the horses, and the hind omnibus, was e ; uip perhaps n second omnibus, after time, proceeded on its journey stopping a short this witness• - ' said—l saw the deceased In cross-examinat ion immediately he alig hted. tail of the between two and three yards. indeed between the h first omnibus and the horses' 0 ff wh eel The eahsi passed dsoeps over v e r When I first saw them near Gray's-inn-lane, but was t s4 h a' o ' b u t e was knocked down by the off-side which was pulled up as he was getting off the monkey-board. I did aenrhddrssthtte • hed T Ce h i e tl d , deceased's omnibus not see un ~ stn s 1 • tas hisomnibus pped. Ido not consider there horse jus I h e c a a d n s n e o hit . say the second t was sufficient room for the seco nd omnibus t o p ass the first on the near side, as the second was obliged to squeeze past, I should think there was a space of about 12 or 15 feet be tween the deceased's omnibus and the kerb. There is a ca b. ea nk just th w ere, and there w ere cabs on it, but I cannot tell the distance between the first omnibus and the cabs on Jones, said— who lawoasreisaidthese omnibus nl;blAlsloonftawguheic-hplatt, deceased the off side. Dr. nductor• There appeared to be a great hurry to get as there was another omnibus about 40 or 50 yards behind it. The one I was in went on the Leather -lane side of the cab-stand, At this time the second omnibus was coming up fast, and I heard the deceased continually urge his own driver to greater speed. This was when the light green omnibus was about 20 yards behind. When they came opposite Furnival's Inn both omnibuses were racing. A female passenger was standing by the side of the kerb, and one omnibus was drawn up about a foot from the public convenience in the centre of the road. The conductor got down, and went in front of his omnibus, telling the coach man to pull across, saying, them " — Pointing to th e omnibus then advancing. Witness " Pull th em across, and stop seeing, from the sp ee d of the advancing omnibus, that there might be a dangerous collision, took measures for making his escape. The conductor at this time continued to exhort his driver to pull across, at the same time walking back wards omnibus .in a way that h e was unable to perceive the approach ing At this time a female (the wife of the de ceased), who was in his omnibus screamed violently, I looked at the conductor, and saw the pole of the second omnibus strike him in the back. He was by this whirled round the horso.•collar, and fell on his head. He was then struck by the horse's fore off-leg, and on the car by his hind off-leg. The deceased seemed to struggle to free himself, when the wheel passed over the chest by the side of the head from the shoulder, and down the centre of the body. He was at once removed on to the path, when there was a per ceptible tremor in the body, the blood pouring in great quantities from his mouth. I saw there was no hope for him, and at once gave directions for having the driver of the second omnibus taken into custody. I consider that the driver of the second omnibus must have seen the deceased before he ras knocked down, as there was nothing else in the way. There was not space for the two omnibuses to pass without running over the deceased, and the second omnibus could not have passed round the other without danger of upsetting his own vehicle. The deceased had his back to ths second omnibus, and was evidently not aware of its approach, for he backed on to the chains of it. The driver of the second omnibus had time to stop before the ...5..m.i. 111 . 11 THE LOSS OF THE PARIS, On Saturday the ir quiry instituted by the Board of Trade into the circumstances attending the total loss of the iron steamer Paris, belonging to the Maples' Channel Line, off Jersey, on the morning of the 28th July last, was resumed at the Greenwich Police-court, before Mr. Traill, police magistrate, and Captain Harris and Captain Baker, nauti cal assessors. Mr, F. H, Hamel, barrister, attended on behalf of the Board of Trade, the inquiry having been adjourned from the previous day for the decision of the Court. Mr. Traill said there would be no necessity to go further into the case as regarded the loss of the vessel, as there was sufficient evidence before the Court to come to a conclusion. Before, however, he delivered the decision of the Court, he desired to hear the opinions of the nautical assessors as re garded Capt. Hemmings's conduct in the matter. Capt. Harris said that had there been loss of life he would have viewed the case very seriously as affecting Captain Hemmings, He ccnsidered his conduct very reprehensible in having shipped the man De la Cour as pilot and one of his crew, thus dividing the authority and responsibility, and which he considered was a mere cloak or blind to save pilotage dues. Had the Court been called upon to determine as to claims for property, they, as the nautical assessors, would have been compelled to give their decision against the captain of the vessel; but, looking at the fact that the authorities at Jersey had viewed the cause of the wreck to have arisen from the negligence of the pilot De la Cour, whose certificate had been taken from him, and there being no direct evidence to show that the captain was to blame, he (Capt. Harris) was disposed to give him the benefit of the same, and to restore to him his certificate. Captain Baker having expressed his opinion in similar :erns, Mr. Traill said his view of the case was as strong, and perhaps stronger, than those expressed by the nautical assessors who had assisted him in the inquiry, and he was anxious that the remarks he was then about making should be well considered by Captain Hemmings and the owners of the vessel. In the present inquiry there had been two or three points to consider, the first being whether the captain had employed such a person as pilot as would discharge him self from responsibility ; secondly, having appointed such a person, whether he had interfered in any manner with the orders given by the pilot; and another question was, sup posing the pilot had been employed in a legitimate manner, whether the captain was not bound to take care that the ship was properly navigated, because it might occur that gross neglect might display itself on the part of the pilot. At 8.30 on the morning of the wreck, when seven or eight miles from Jersey, it was shown that the captain had given directions for the course of the ship to be altered to N.E. half N., a course which would servo for either channel, and that he then went below, leaving the pilot on the bridge in charge. Ten minutes afterwards the captain returned to the bridge, and remained there until the ship struck, going down about 10 minutes afterwards. That some one was grossly in fault there was no doubt, but the question was which party, or whether both were to blame; and in arriving at a conclu sion they must look at the respective statements of the parties. The statement of the captain was that when he gave the N.E. half N. course he considered he had no further charge of the ship, which from that time was under the charge of the pilot ; that he did not give any further orders ; that he did not interfere in any way, except that when the pilot asked him which channel he should take he replied, " I do not care which, so that it is for the best," meaning thereby that he wished to keep ahead of the steamer Wonder, then in sight. The captain further stated that the pilot told him he should take the Silliette passage, to which he made no objection, and that he had no idea but that he was doing so till he saw the ship close to the Grunot rocks, and before she struck. The pilot's statement,; which had been taken on oath, was to the effect that, though he considered the ship was under his charge, his orders were not attended to—that he never said ho intended to take the Silliette passage, but on the contrary, when the master said he wished to (as he ex pressed it) "cut it short," he told him that the middle pas sage was the shortest and safest; that it had all along been his intention to take that channel ; that the captain must have known that was his intention ; that when he found he was opening out the marks for the middle channel, and too far to the northward, he gave orders to keep more to the south ; that the captain did not comply, but ordered him to steer for the Rovandicre, and, by so doing, the ship was brought on the Grunot rocks ; and, that if the order to go to the south had been observed, even to half the ship's length, she would have been saved. Between the state ments so contradictory, and with little more confirmation of the ono than the other, it would perhaps he hard wholly to deny the master the benefit of his plea, that the ship was under the charge of the pilot, and not under his charge, so as to make him responsible for the loss. At the same time, supposing this plea was to be admitted, his inattention to the dangerous course of the ship could scarcely admit of an excuse. He was on the bridge before the ship struck, but he did not appear to have had the proper marks for either channel, and yet he suffered the ship to proceed at the rate of 12 knots an hour, when he ought to have known of the near approach to danger. All things considered, it seemed not unreasonable to conjecture that the captain's desire to cut it short had made him inattentive to the caution that was necessary, if it did not (as the pilot alleged) actually make him countermand the order given by the pilot to keep the ship more to the south just before she struck. He (Mr. Traill) had been thus particular in this part of the case, be cause it was after much hesitation that they had come to a conclusion so favourable to the captain ; but, in coming to that conclusion, he could not omit to notice the manner in which the pilot laws bad been evaded in the case. It appeared that the pilot De la Cour had been hired at weekly wages of 35s.—the object of which was alleged to be that of saving time in looking out for pilots in coming into and going out u : Jersey, but it appeared to have been the practice of the captain cor five months at least, if not much longer, never to take a Jersey p lot but to pilot the ship hi mse lf, a lthough purpose, and could not obtain he had no licence for' that one, not being a native of jersey ; and even so little did he look upon De la Cour in that alerecter, that he did not avail himself of his services, although he was on board, from Jersey to St. Male. By the employment, of De la Cour at 355. per week there had been a saving of pilotOffe money to the amount of 355. or 40s. per week, and this in de;,.!anee of one of the purposes of the pilot law. But there was a woe se mischief still, as would appear by this case—viz,, that by thus employing a man wao, as had been admitted, was intended to be entered on the ship's articles as second mate, it was quite clear that when the occasion occurred for his acting as pilot he could not have properly the authority, nor feel the responsibility of that office; and at the same time, while it did not prevent the master from exercising his natural auth .rity, as master, over his subordinate officer, it left him the opportunity of screwing himself for his own neglect or default under the plea that the second mate, as pilot, had charge, and was answerable for loss or damage. There was little doubt that the captain looked upon De la Cour and treated him as a subordinate for one of his crew and pilot to save expense, and that therefore he was bound to see to the navigation of the ship just as much as if there had been no pilot on board. For these reasons, though the Court returned the captain his certificate, they considered it their duty to censure the proceeding by which he had been enabled to make use of such a plea as highly irregular, and likely to lead to very serious, and even dangefous consequences. A gentleman connected with the company to which the Paris had belonged said that Capt. Hemmings was the only master in the company's service not possessing a pilot's licence, but that prev.ous to the wreck he had taken b'teps to secure his right to pass an examination:for such a licence. The inquiry then terminated. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TlMM—There appears, we rejoice to say, a fair prospect that the war which the natives have recom menced in New Zealand will be conducted on our part with greater success than has usually attended our military operations in that country. The import ance of the proceedings just reported must not be measured by the scale of the forces engaged or the dimensions of the victory actually achieved. In these respects the encounter still bears some resem blance to those combats in Caffraria where fifty ambushed blacks would keep a battalion on the alert for hours together, and retire at length with a loss which could never be discovered. It shows the difficult and harassing character of these wars when we find that the enemy, against whom 650 excellent soldiers with three Armstrong guns were carefully and anxiously marched at midnight, consisted only of about one-fourth of that number of savages, and that it is regarded as a real exploit tohave put a score of these people hors de combat. But the truth is that the colonists are justified in their rejoicings over the success. Moderate as the achievement may appear to us, it was substantial, timely, and full of promise. The work was harder than we can imagine, and the results are likely to bear more fruit than we could anticipate. It was only on the 4th of May last that the Maories provoked once more the anger of the British Government by a treacherous massacre of our soldiers. After this inauguration of anew rebel lion the people principally concerned in the crime repaired to a strong position at no great distance from the town of New Plymouth, and there estab lished themselves in the native fashion. These savages are not only thoroughly masters of the rifle, but adepts at field engineering. Their cultivated instincts enable them to construct works as defensible as the best European re doubts, and these extemporised fortifications they hold with extraordinary courage. The baud in question, less than 200 in number, took post on the spur of a hill, with a riser in front, and so plied their spades that the ground all round them was " literally honeycombed with zigzag rifle-pits." Their tactics could be but too well conjectured. If they were attacked with such a force or in such a manner as to offer them any probab2e advantage, they would fight from their hiding places to . the death, and leave us with th e a lt erna ti ve o f d i screditable retreat, or poor success purchased at exorbitant cost. If threatened with a more formidable assiZult they would decamp furtively, and leave us to coins upon an empty nest after a toilsome march, while they establish themselves more strongly than ever in a fresh position. It was necessary, there fore to advance against them in strength and yet to take them by surprise, and this, notwithstanding the perfection of their vigilance and information, was actually done. On the 4th of June, exactly one month after their murderous onslaught on our unoffentling soldiers, their " pah" or fort was at tacked with:complete success, and it was thought a remarkable event that twenty-four of the garrison should have been killed before they could effect their escape with the remainder. This un usual phenomenon has disconcerted the natives and inspirited the colonists. A New Zealand war has for once been commenced with vigour, expedition, and success. A force of 200 is a large force for a rebel army in New Zealatid. The natives understand better than to fight in great numbers. In these wars the enemy is often in less strength than the little detachment which under that designation em ploys the whole Aldershott camp on a field day. Every Moari is a fighting man, but he fights on his own principles, and it was really a piece of good fortune to surprise 200 of these men together. More over, it was the first affair of the war, and it came off within a week or two after the first challenge to arms, giving good promise of despatch as well as determination. The result is that the colony is full of confidence, resolute to win, and bent on making sure work. The tactics of the savages have b een bor rowed for the strife, and we no longer fight against odds. The soldiers, like the natives, are divided into small parties, and the rebels who have turned out to kill get killed themselves. The sentries hold no palaver with natives approaching their pests, but fire on them at once. Volunteers and Militia are all on the alert, and on the best of terms with the regular troops. In short, what with the indignation of the community at the recent outrage, the natural exasperation of the soldiers, the vigour of the Gene ral in command, and the energy of the Governor, the Maories are this time provided with an adver sary who will leave them with less reason than before to be contented with the results of war. It is in these features of the new contest that we must seek for assurance as to the future. So far is the war from being over that it is described in our corre spondence as only just commencing, and likely to " exceed in extent and importance any of its predecessors." We may hope that this estimate will prove exaggerated, and that a struggle which has been opened with such un wonted success will not be of very long duration. It is clear, however, that between us and the Maories there is no peace, nor can we say that we are surprised at the fact. When one race encoun ters another under such conditions war is a natural consequence. The Maories are martial, intelligent, jealous, and ill-disposed to yield to the advances of a more civilised population. Though so acute a people can hardly be blind to our actual superiority yet they have hitherto had no great reason to dis trust their own chances in war. They have defied our arms, if not with absolute success, at any rate without discredit to themselves, and with the effect of making us greatly disinclined to begin war again. So they are not likely to succumb without resistance to the fate before them. From that fate, put it how We will, they can have no escape. We may regulate land sales, and respect tribal rights, and protect native interests to the best of our power, but we con never stop the growth of a British colony, or reconcile with that growth the claims of a barbarous population to the lordship of the land. Three years ago the colonists were as numerous as the natives, and since that time the Europeans have rapidly mul tiplied under the attraction of the goldfields of Otago. Does anybody imagine that these settlers will allow small tribes of savages to forbid their natural ex pansion and confine them within a territorial pale ? The New Zealander may be assimilated, or exter minated, or civilised off the land, but he will cer tainly never hold that land to the prejudice of a stronger and superior race, whose title to occupy it, even if based only upon conquest, would be as good as his own. However, we need not at present carry our speculations to this point. It is enough to an ticipate on this occasion, at any rate, a less costly struggle than those of former years. General Came ron, who enjoyed the special confidence and esteem of the late Lord Clyde, appears to have divined with happy instinct the exigencies of the crisis. His tactics have been justified by an early, signal, and most opportune success. It is not, we trust, too much to hope that he may go on as he has begun, in which case we should soon see the end of one more New Zealand war. That our liabilities would not be thus terminated may be true enough, but it will be an infinite advantage to this country if we can accept and conclude these quarrels when they are forced upon us without draining our army of thousands or our Exchequer of millions. POST.—It is now nine or ten months since the question of a Greek dynasty and a new Greek set- tlement came before us, in consequence of the es pulson of Otho. Something like half that time has passed, since the nomination of Prince William of Denmark, during the course of the preliminaries to his actual accession to the throne. We lately pointed out the complicated relations of this ques tion as one of the main reasons of the delay. It would now seem that by about the time that the whole twelve nymths sinco the ~ bdice ion of Who shall have expired, all that yet remains to be ar ranged may be complete. We have seen from a very" recent telegram, which is strictly accurate, that the late lonian Parliament was dissolved, and e. new one summoned a few days ago, to be elected after the lapse of forty days from that time. It is probable, therefore, that the forty-two members to be chosen by the different islands may be convened at Corfu by the beginning of October—allowing a lapse of ten or twelve d a y s b e y on d t h e f orty f or th e a ctual lection and c oncentrat i on o f t h ese new mem b e rs. The lonian P ar li ament w ill t h en ta k e up the question of annexation to Greece ; and those who are conversant w i t h par li amentary proceed ' ings in that Republic will apprehend that, in what ever degree the quest i on may then present itse lf in the light of a foregone conclusion, the deliberations ul ;on it will not be much abbreviated. When tte v i n „ .. f the lonian Parliament shall have been had, uinlnthat it will be i n f avour o f annexat i on , it will s be g necb.: to hold a con f erence o f t h e e i g ht as i . , sary Powers, sign:loms of the T reaty o f Vi enne , in order to empower t.:2e Queen to surrender her pro tectorate and to aul:.linrise the annexation. We may hope to elicit the decision of the new lonian Parliament within a week m: two of its assembling% and in that case there can swrcely be any reason why the settlement of all these preliminaries should be postponed beyond the end of Clettiber or begin ning of November. King George, indeed, has been expected to leave Copenhagen at a somewhat earlier period ; and whatever may be the precise time of his arrival at Athens, it is understood that he will visit several of the capitals of Europe, and thus extend his acquaintance with public affairs be fore his final departure for Greece. In the meen time it is understood that the Provisional Govern ment of that country are occupied with certain measures for the alteration of the military system, which are necessarily not of rapid progress, and i which they would desire to complete before the arri val of the King. If th ese c i rcums t ances resu lt n ,2ny slight postponement of his actual accession, thej wiii on the other hand place the Government on hi s arrival in a more satisfactory condition. It will be curious to observe the courso which the lonians will now take. The electoral appeal is an appeal to the suffrage. Hitherto, if there has been oi;e question on which these islanders have appa,. - eutly been agreed, it is in favour of annexation to Greece and of a severance of their connection with Great Britain. At the same time it must be remembered that there has hitherto been no opportunity for that question to be collectively discussed. It commonly happens in these republican States that noisy agitators, wh) have but little stake in their country, make them selves much more conspicuous than web:lthy mer chants and landowners. Men of commerce who may not have troubled themselves with this question while it seemed a merely empirical and not a prac tical one, may begin to think differently when the future of their commonwealth is immediately at issue. 'They may feel it safer to trade under the lonian flag, protected by England, than under the Hellenic flag. Thus we may fairly anticipate con siderable varieties of opinion. But the appeal being to universal suffrage, property cannot coun tervail numbers; and we are led to doubt whether the intrigues of King Otho's party to defeat annexation will carry many votes with them. The main object, however, by which the mass of the lonians have been led, in their desire for annexation to Greece, does not rest, we believe, in any definite objection , to the manner in which we have governed them, but in an ambition to take the lead in the future government of Greece. At Athens they seem to have long hoped to be foremost. In this 'Ambition we cannot help app re h en di ng t h a t th ey w ill b e dis appointed; and, at any rate, assuming the annexa tion to take place, we shall probably witness as great a rivalry between the men of Athens and the men of Corfu as ever took plac e o f o ld b etween the C orcyreans and their mother commonwealth, the Corinthians. We believe that the leading public men in Greece express themselves desirous that the expenditure of the Government shall be kept within the limits of its income, and that there shall be no recurrence to the profligate extravagances of the late reign. They allege that the country is susceptible of a pub lic income which may dispense with their contract ing loans or involving annual deficits. In these declarations they are probably sincere. They wish to be able to start afresh. There is little doubt that these premises are true. But let their course on this head be what it may, we trust they will succeed in giving effect to their programme of a Government living within its expenditure under the reign of King George. COUNTRY MARKETS. GLO UCE STE R-Atr G. 16. The show of. English wheat to-day was fair, a good pro•. portion of which was new, in splendid condition and fine quality, and farmers report very favourably of the yield. Old wheat is per qr cheaper. New red, 44s to 468 ; white, 47s to 495. Foreign wheat was in 'mil ed demand, with prices nominal, In barley beans, and oats the sales were slow. COLCHESTE. -Au G. 15. There was a thin attendance to-day, and the supply of wheat was principally of this year's growth. Prices must be noted 2s to 3s per qr lower. Spring corn very dull. Wheat, white 46s 56s Beans, Mazagan..3os 33a red 42s 52s middle & small.3ss 429 Barley —s —s Peas, white 40s 42s Oats CHELMSFORD-AUG. 7. At this corn exchange to-day there was a large quantity of new wheat brought in, in tolerably good condition, but merchants were cautious of making purchases, and prices may be quoted 2s to 3s lower. In bpring corn there was no alteration. Wheat, old white 30s 52s new 47s Ms old red 36s 47s new —s --f3 Barley ..24s 36s Chevalier .......28s 40s Grinding 22s 31s Malt. Chevalier 64s 69s Oats 20s 28s Peas, Partridge 37s 40s White 39s 40s Boiling 4OB 43s Dun 33s 36s Ditto new —s —s Beans, Tick, old 34s 39s new —s —8 Harrow Ticks 3ss 40s new —s —8 Mazagan ..... 3os 38s KIRKCALDY GRAIN—Aua. 15. Today we had a good supply of wheat, fair of oats, but small supplies of barley. Sales slow, at a reduction gene rally of is on previous rates. Wheat. Barley. Oats. First ....31s 6d 24s Od 22s Od Second ..39s Od 29s Qd 24s Od Third....—s Od —s Od —s Od COAL. A Piques of Coal per Ton a' s. d. Carway and Duffryn Malting l2 0 Walker Primrose 12 9, Tanfield Moor 12 6 fanfield Moor Butes l2 6 Eden Main 16 3 West Hartley 17 3 Wylam 16 6 Ships at mark( .ABKET. the olome of the market. 8. d. Walls End. Haswell Tunstall Hartlepool.. l7 6 East Hartlepool 17 9 Trimdon Hartlepool 17 6 South Kelloe Hough Hall 16 9 )t, 52 ; sold, 38. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Ointment and Pills.— Unseemly Eruptions.—No means heretofore discovered are so competent to cope with and conquer all blemishes, boils, eruptions, redness and roughness of the skin, as these cele brated medicaments, which to be praised need only to be known. Holloway's remedies cool the system, regulate the circulation, and so thoroughly purify the whole body, that whatever is hurtful must inevitably be swept away, and succeeded by healthy structures which alone can be derived from rich and pure blood. The cosmetic virtues of this unguent have been long appreciated ; no toilet-table is well appointed which lacks its presence. It soothes and cleanses the most fine and tender skin, and, when assisted by Holloway's pills, is the most valuable beautifier. Births. BAKER.—On the 16th inst., at Dulwich, the wife of Adol phus Baker, Esq., of a son. CHANDLER.—On the 13th inst., at Blackheath, Mrs. John Chandler, of a daughter. DAWSON.—On the 14th inst., at Hatherton Hall, Stafford shire, the wife of Captai n R . P udsey Dawson, of a don. IRVINE.—On the 14th inst,, at Castle Irvine, the wife of H. Mervyn D'Arcy Irvine, Esq., of a son and heir. Marriages. _ ROBINSON—THOMPSON.—On the 14th inst., Henry L. C. Robinson, Lieut. R .N., third son of the Ven. Archdeacon Robinson, D.D., Master of the Temple, to Christina, the only daughter of Thomas Thompson, Esq., Captain R.N. WAUD—DEARSLEY.—On the 15th inst., at St. Peter's Church, New Nortb-road Henry Waud, Esq., Cannon str reet W., and Arlington-s ' qnare, to Anne, second daugh te of H. Dearsley, Esq., of Lower Thames-street. Deaths. BONVEREANIC—On the 16th inst., at Stoke Newington green, E. S. Lowerbank, Esq. CIiIP MAN.—On the 14th inst., at Tillotson-place, Henri Chapman, Esq., aged 94. GRAHAM. —On the 15th inst., at 16, Chapel-street, Bel grave-square, James Graham, Esq. HA . II .COURT.—On the 14th inst., at Swinton-park, York shire, Admiral Octavius Vernon Harcourt, aged 69. RERRING.—On the 15th inst., at 40, Aldersgate-street, suddenly, Mr. James Herring, aged 61. MOORE.—On the 15th inst., at Brighton, Joseph William Moore, Esq. STONE.—On the 16th inst., Mr. Nicholas Stone, of Wood bine Cottage, Albion-road, Holloway, aged 95. London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDREWS , of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SUN Office No. 112, Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County of Middlasex.—Tuesday, August 18,-.1863. 1;.;'