The Sun. — London, England, 1863-10-29 00:00:00

ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT -GARDEN. tinder the Manag•ement of Miss Louisa Fyne and Mr. W. Harrison. THIS EVENING, Wallace's Romantic Opera, THE r);;,:sERT FLOWER : Miss Louisa Pyne, Miss Susan Pyne • Me,gmrs. W. 11. Wei ss ' H. Corti. A. Coojc, and W. Harrison. Conductor. Mr. AlMellon.—Doors open at hall-past Seven. cont inen ce at Eight. FT EA TRE - ROYAL DRURY - LANE. - Tmanager., Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. THIS EN -ENING, GONE TO TEXAS. Mr. Walter LP.cy and Miss Murray. After which, Lord Byron's Choral Tragedy, MINFII I .gD. Messrs. helps, Ryder, Rayner, M , agreson, Ward, Spencer ; Heath, 3,liss E. Atkinson, Miss Leclercq, and Mrs. E. yalconer. Vocalists—Miss Poole, Miss I,itter, Miss Cicely Noti, Miss Heywood, and Mr. Swift. To conclude with A ROLAND FOR AN OLIVER. THEATRE ROYAL HAYMARKET.- Sole Lessee and Mantrer. Mr, Buckstone. THIS EV.EMNG, OUR MARY ANNE. After which, COOL AS A CUCUMBER. Mr. Charles 31athews. Followed by THE GOLDEN FLEECE Messrs. Charles Mathew, Compton,Weathersby, ; Mesdames C. Mathews, L, Keeley. Griffith, &c. And MY HUSBAND'S G dOST. Commence at 7. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE Under the Sole Management of Mr. Fechter. Mr. PECHTER begs respectfully to inform the Nobility and Public tnat the above Theatre will 0 P fi.N on SATUR DAY next, with a new Drama, entitled BEI, DEM.ONIA, a Love Story, in Four Acts, in which Mr. Fechter will ap pear, supported by 3leesrs. ilr.nr.„rhim, S. Emery, G. Jordan and F. Charles ; Miss Kate Terry, Miss Lavenue, Nrs. Lee and Miss Elsworthy. The WA-office will be opened on Monday, Oct. 26, from eleven till five. MISS BATENIAN.—LEAH.—The celebrated young Americla Actress, Miss BATE MAN. having en her first appearance in the New Drama of LEAH ob tained the most triumphant and enthusiastic success impression has been witnessed for many years , an d the profound created by her impersonation of the character ot LEAH upon a ciowded audience been completely ratified by the unanimous verdict and critical approval of the entire Daily' Press, the Manager of the NEW Al ' II THEATRE has, the honour to announce that 3liss BAT EMAN will appear in the New Drama of LEAR EVERY EVENING till further notice. ADELPHL Ew fr HE ROYAL, s o t. Pronriator and Manscrer, Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, at 7, THE TitAGEDY QUEEN: Mrs. kt 8, the New Drama of LEAFlBateman, supported by Messrs. Arthur Stirling, R. Phillips, Billing - ton, Stuart, A. Wood, Eburne, Miss H. Simms and Mrs. Billington. To conclude with ood. CATCHING AN HEIRESS : Miss Foolgar a nd Mr. A. W CE SS' S THE ATRE. --HERRMANN PRIA ESTID IGATATEUR.—Great Success of Herr „ Per formances.—" tie alwa ys keeps as close to his roabnir, astierity he can, and courts their vigilance, that hi s super i or may be legitim ,, tely triumphant" Ti mes, O ct. 27. His celebrated FISH, RING, HAT, and MONEY TRICK, xNERY EVYNING. Constant change of programme. Commencing at Eight. Half-price at Nine o'Ciock. Y.B.—First Grand Morning Performance on SATURDAY next, at Three. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Manager, Mr. W. H. Swanboroup-,h. THIS EVENING, TURN HIM OUP. Hr. C. Fenton. After which, MIMAII'S CRIME. Messrs. G. Honey, parselle, Belford, Turner, Miss K.Saville, and Miss Manders. Followed by THE Nf OTTO, " PM ALL THERE." Messrs. Honey, Turner, E. Danvers, Collier, Mesdames Ada Swan borough, F. Hughes, Weston, Thorne, Wallace, and Jenny White. Commence at 7. 7 11 HE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN,'' Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, ;lan be had Every Evening of G. R. GLICNIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. This DAL—Morning, n. 22m.—Afternoon, 3h. 40m, To-momiow.-Morning, 3a. 53m.—Afternoon, 4h. 18m, The Weather—Sun Office, Oct. 29, 1863. THERMOMETER. This day at Two o'clock 54 Barometer-29.28. Wind—S.-South-East; moderate breeze, and cloudy, with rain. . (11 t 41a I •." • LONDON, THURSDAY, OCT. 29, 1863. Among the most urgently required of all legal reforms i❑ this country is the creation of the office, and the selection of a fit and proper person to fill that office, of—A Public Prosecutor. Sooner ovo later —probably later, though Heaven grant it may be sooner, than the majorityof us anticipate—England will, for certain, number that Great Llw Officer of the Crown and of the People among her public functionaries. In the meantime, until the date of his summons into official existence—he has his re presentative, and no undistinguished representative, in a volunteer substitute, ever vigilant in the detec tion of wrongs, ever prepared to plead for the weak against the powerful, with a voice we have all of us long since come to recognise as familiar, a voice strangely penitrant in its accents, uttering words of a very singular though of a very simple eloquence, and this, moreover, from the most conspicuous tribune (in this land sacred to free speech, to free writing, and to free printing) outside the walls of Parlia ment. The Great Tribune or Rostrum we refer to is, as every man of common sense and observation will at once have recognised, the Times Newspaper. And the Volunteer Public Prosecutor who speaks from that r os t rum , w h o p l ea d s f rom that tr ib une, at uncer tain intervals, never but when there is some very sad or most serious occasion for his s o d o i ng — w h o d oes not know him ? whether by his nom de plume, or byhts mare initials, chiefly by the latter, simply as J.U,, otherwise JACOB WINIUM. A SAUL amongst pub l i c i sts, towering above them by a head and shoul ders, Never wielding his formidable scourge save the backs of wrong doers pos sessing po wer, usingthat power cru e lly, Th e very snap o f his thetoric%l thong, so to speak, we seem to recognise eve n at its first stroke—that very first stroke, as it were, BOANERGES, in hi s w invariably d raw i ng bl oo d . this Volunteer as a pabYlileNvith a voic e o f th un d er , i) rosecutor is the very antithesis, the exact anti pode s to FOT:QUIER viL LE, of terrible memory. agaiust any and every physical wrongdoer vvhornhees have singled out for Prosecution thus befor e ta t a h y Public Opinion, his selection of the Tribunal of be prosecuted has h i t her to been Wh at to never was—just! His selection is jest, but far more than t hat, it is g enerous. It is j ut it as ia means, as the most effectual means, for bringing any more than usually henious offender to rctribution and it is generous as the securist and the readiest means whereby to vindicate the reputation and re _ habilitate, wherever that might yet be possible, the broken and ruined fortunes of the victims o f the wrong done, namely, by the pillorying thus of the doer of that wrong in the sight and hearing, t o the scorn and horror, of all thoughtful men. Although JACOB OMNIUM has chosen now—for some reason that we care net at this moment even to conjecture —to plead ter the weak against the strong, from a less conspicuous and ele vated position than that from which the public at large ha s b een f or years past i n th e habit of listeninghie to hi s vo i ce, of noting the keeness of incisive logic, and of following first of all to be b- Jrne aw ay afterwards upon its rushing p current the 4 weep o his persuasive and overwhelming arguments—he has neve moment s r, even at his happiest h ' \v " e n he has been addressing the nation th roo3 , the columns of the ?hoes, he has never o nce , more signal aav y a e n ' t appeared to greater or now, at this present rooarnf'Pnt than he appears powerful papa on the " the writer of the Court -Martial " in the pages of the newly published numbs of the Cornhill Magazine for Drcecnber the cudgels this rim:'—for Ills blow, fall taken up l with a more deadening effect than even from his own double weighted and triple-knotted se , urge of iron though gentle-hearted vindie,tY—as the terrible, thou the memory of poor Ser g eant-A Nor I.leLLy ar k o t f of the 6th Dragoons —as the disp a ssionate, champion of the ignored and scattered right, of Captain SMALES, also (though not by dying, by being wrongfully cashiered) late of that regiment—as the wreaker of a fierce and overwhelming retribution upon the head of that wretched Colonel CRAWLEY, who is still, lamentable to relate, in command of the gallant and outraged Inniskillings ! Col. CRAWL EY, it is true, has yet to be formally and solemnly tried by Court-martial. But already poor dead and gone Sergeant-Major LILLEY, unfortunate Cap'.. FMALES, in effect the great majority of the officers of the 6th Dragoons, whether commissioned or nort-commis sioned, already have they all been, thrinli.s to" J. 0.,' , signally avenged upon their wantor, persecutor. According to the written and pri . ar ed evidence of that unhappily but too well known court-martial at Mhow, Colonel CRAWLEY wou'.o. appear to have striven at one time to goad his younger subordi. mates, or rather insubordinat,2.F, as he chose then to regard them, into a disgra'acful return to the old brutal system of Duel lin g —to g oad the m back into that wicked and o bsolete foll y , b y s neers the most su percilious. And now, as a pendant irritatinglyt to that i n cident of Colonel CRAWLE Y ' s endea vour to sneer the officers of the 6114 Dragoons into a revival of Duelling, JACOB WINIUM has so written of Colonel CRAWLEY himself —has written cf him truths so dark and dam natory—that one might almost anticipate that a man thus written of must succumb before the force of so overwhelming an impeachment. The Court martial has yet to come on, however, and the public will look with breathless eagerness to observe the sequel of this lamentable travestie of a travestie, thismis eraibnlywsheich a sickening rious mi ek lit e a n r ig y n version of " Bombastes Furioso," tragedy has arisen out of the hectoring bubble of a burlesque. It is a lamentable thing that our courts of law will not recognise the incalculable difference that ex; j 'es between the different offences brought before them. One would think that common sense would show them where justice ought to exert its utmost rigour, and where mercy might appropriately come in and temper the verdict. As at present arranged and carried out, there seems an universal tendency to screen as much as possible the perpetrators of cruel offences, and to be as severe as possible upon those who have only committed some depredation against property, or such like. Of course it is only right and fitting that all these and similar misde meanours should be put down at once with a strong hand, but surely a vast difference should be recog nised and maintained between them and those cruel outrages that disgrace humanity. Some of the cases that came recently before the police courts are most extraordinary, and both in town and country seem alike preposterous. It would be well if those who hold responsible positions would act in their judgment as men, as well as on their rules as magi strates or judges. Many decry any interference with the prerogative of those whose office it is to administer the law, and are very indignant with those who presume to comment in any way upon their exercise of power and their rendering of jus tice. This might be all very well if the results around us were more satisfactory; but when a cry ing evil exists it is time to suggest, with all due deference to superior wisdom, that some alterations of a remedial nature should be made. The incon sistency seems patent to all of giving a sentence of only two years' imprisonment to a man who had nearly killed his wife, and entirely destroyed the sight of both her eyes, and then inflicting double that term of imprisonment on a mate who was con victed of stealing medals. This is rating property against persons with a vengeance. It is the more inexplicable, because a man who had stolen watches and been previously convicted several times, had a four years' sentence passed upon him. Why, then, did the man whose wife had been seriously injured by his brutal vio lence on several occasions, escape with such com parative immunity. It is really going the way tc encourage crimes of the most debasing nature that can disgrace and degrade mankind to persist in this extraordinary and extravagant leniency. But this case just cited is not a solitary one—it has plenty to keep it in countenance, and to bear out its enactment by precedent. In the court where one man is sentenced to three years' penal servitude for stealing a shirt, and another to three months' imprisonment for nearly killing a child of tender years with his ruffianly treatment, it might seem that this system had reached its height. In a sudden fit of passion or a moment of great irrita tion, many serious injuries may be inflicted, and life itself threatened ; but still some excuse, if not reason, may be urged, that the wrong was not intentional. No such argument can be valid in a case where a man takes up a " leather strap" to beat a child only two years and a half old, That man was guilty of murder in his heart, and it seems almost a pity, in one way, that the little sufferer was not released from the life of torment it must lead with such a man—and then there would be the further satisfaction that the wretch must have been brought before a tribunal which would have meted out to him the justice he deserved. No humane person but will shudder as he reads this atrocious barbarity the natural impulse of every one would be to knock such a man down ; but they will learn that the laws of England only inflict severe punishments when tools, or shirts, and such like articles are stolen : but the safety of the person, and attacks on weak women and defenceless children are very trivial and minor offences. It is absurd to attempt to palliate such a mockery of justice, and such a violation of the first principles which should rule and regulate the working of the law. Truth and right should be more important than the pleasure of our judges and the fancies of our ma gistrates. It comes to this—there is now no de terring influence at work to check or retard the spread and progress of these violent cffinces. The brutes (if they think at all) can say to themselves, " After all, I shall only get a month or so—it won't be as if I stole a coat or a shirt." It is an insult to our sense of propriety as a nation that such things should be allowed to take place in our courts of law —i t i s a v iolation of the fi rs t p r i nc i p l es o f j us ti ce that serious cr3 es sho u ld b e ran k e d f ar b elow and visited wi t h fa often becann lease v er b penalties than off ences th a t ma y associat ed with Stealing extenuating circumstances, com rehensibl e enough. be Justifiable, b u t it i s o f ten p cases to what shif ts the poor Who can tell in many wretches have been reduced before they have transgressed t the law. Th e hard pinchings of poverty, h propell e d th e been so ofte n Bolllo necessar y so seve re l y visited b expenses of sickness, and th e desire to pr ov i de f 10 ,..t r l l an d e a e d i n w g hi eh t i arse ' hch ave minister s of the law. On the oth er hand, nothing whatever can at all pa l liate the exercise of cruelty. Talking of first offenc es i s ridiculous, because a man who is once cruel will be al ways cruel, if he in not summarily visited for his offence. It is his nature that has prompted him, and un less ho can be made to feel that a stronger than be, even the law, will exact a penalty for his crime, in some measure in unison with its °nor. mitt', it is useless to hope or to expect that any great improvement will be made in his conduct , Society is not safe with such ruffians amidst it. A iew years spent at home in the commission Of these crimes, that are fostered by the leniency of the law, and they ra lly f or th on the world to commit the lawless outrages and the desperate THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 29, 1863. deeds that fill the prisons with hardened crimi nals, and scare respectable people from their pro priety. If nothing can induce the authorities to enact the law with more justice, cannot the Legis lature appropriately interfere, and not leave so much to the option of the magistrates? An arbi trary line might be drawn between cases where a discretionary power may be safely exercised and where any leniency would be fatal to the interests of society and the cause of justice. If the present reading of the laws relating to gross outrages and excessive cruelty are not sufficiently stringent, in the name of sense and reason let them be altered. The state of things now prevalent will not be rec tified until it shall be no longer possible for the perpetrators of barbarous inflictions on the weak and helpless to escape scatheless, as it were, from the grasp of the law. Civilisation is disgraced by the commission of such crimes with such frequency ; and it is a blot on the vaunted laws of the land that no power is sufficiently strong that is rested in their hands to check, much less to put a stop to, the commission of fearful evils, and the perpetra tion 3f horrors that make one shudder to read of, and deplore the inability or unwillingness to exter minate them, The despatches relating to the recent transac tions which have ended in the removal of a very competent and experienced public servant from a post of considerable responsibility and importance have just been laid before the public. The com plimentary letter, in which Earl RUSSELL bows out the parting Minister, Sir JAMES HUDSON'S courteous but cold reply, the Foreign Secretary's explanatory note to Mr. ELLIOT, and that gen tleman's report of his audience with the KING, are all open to inspection, and a very curious page of official correspondence they represent Ia the first epistle of the series we find Earl RUSSELL informing Sir JAMES HUDSON that her MAJESTY has taken the opportunity of his pro posed retirement to express her approval of his long course of public services, by the bestowal of the Grand Cross of the Bath. He further states that the Royal approval has been obtained for the grant of the retiring pension belonging to a mission of the first class. After this declaration of the Royal favours Earl RUSSELL goes on to declare his own satisfaction with the exertions of Sir JAMES, and his conviction that " no man has obtained so completely the confidence and regard of the Italian Government and people" as him self. " Nothing," says the Foreign Secretary, "could have induced him to recommend the QUEEN to appoint any other representative, but Sir JAMES HUDSON'S own wish," and then comes a somewhat singular passage, " had any of the principal embassies been vacant I should have asked her MA4ESTY'S permission to offer it to you." If Sir JAMES really wished to retire, from ill health and long services, how was it the Secre tary of State esteemed it probable that he would be willing to accept another and even more re sponsible post ? As no such convenient vacancy was perceptible, however, Earl RUSSELL thought it advisable to forward Sir JAMES'S letter of re call. This letter, cordial and complimentary as it seems, bas yet one noticeable omission. We find no expression of surprise or regret at Sir JAMES HUDSON'S proposed retirement —no attempt to persuade him to reconsider his deter mination. It was not to be expected that an ELLIOT was to be kept waiting for such com fortable quarters, and Earl RUSSELL'S satisfaction at the convenient vacation of the coveted post is pretty plainly perceptible under his plausible and complimentary phrases. Sir JAMES HUDSON, with true diplomatic ingenuity, contrives in reporting his interview with the KING, to remind Earl Rus• SELL of the cause of his resignation. VICTOR EMMANUEL having very naturally asked of Sir JAMES the reason for his retirement—a retirement which his frequent intercourse with the KING must have convinced his MAJESTY could not be ac counted for on any plea of age or infirmity—Sir JAMES replied that he had thought himself bound by an engagement with Earl RUSSELL. " Offered promotion in March, 1862, I had obtained permis sion to decline it and to continue at his MAJESTY'S Court till such time as my pension for public ser vice was due to me." It will be observed that Earl RUSSELL'S allusion to the pension tallies very well with this part of the supposed agreement. This answer appears to have been too plain to give satis faction, for the next news is that Earl RUSSELL thinks it desirable to give his version of the affair in a letter to Mr. ELLIOT, his successor. According to this everything has been done out of pure kind- ness and consideration for Sir JAMES. There was a report ayear or two ago, says the noble earl, that it was intended to appoint Sir JAMES to an em bassy, an intention which did not exist. In March, last year, it was supposed that a vacancy would soon occur in an important embassy. Thinking Sir JAMES HUDSON the fittest person for " a diffi cult and very responsible post," Earl RUSSELL con sulted him privately about the matter, i.e., gave him a gentle hint that his room would be better than his company at Turin. Sir JAMES declined the proffered embassy, but taking the hint given had expressed his willingness to retire so soon as his years of service entitled him to a pension, and accordingly the required period having bee❑ reached this autumn he tendered his resignation. Now, Earl RUSSELL'S version of the story does not explain away two or three awkward facts. What should have made Sir JAMES HUSON, whose sagacity was keen enough and:whose understanding was clear enough to steer through all the difficulties of the Italian question, take such an idea into his head as the engagement with Earl RUSSELL, if really that noble Earl had given him no foundation for it ? Why should he be co firmly convinced on the point as to refer to such au engagement openly in communicating directly with Earl RUSSELL, and to feel bound by •, it to resign an office for which he was eminently adapted, and which he particularly liked ? It is strange that if he was mistaken in such a supposi tion, the Foreign Secretary should have left him under ao singular a misapprehension during all hese months, and stranger still that when his re- signation was at length tendered there was not the slightest hesitation in accepting it. This readiness to superannuate a valuable and active public ser- vant could scarcely arise from a belief that his working days were past, seeing that Earl RUSSELL, by his own showing, thought him " a fit person to recommend to her MAJESTY fora difficult and very responsible post" co lately as the spring of last year. Unless, therefore, Sir JAMES'S health and :acuities have very suddenly failed him, he is at the present moment more than equal to the fulfilment of his duties at Turin. It could hardly have been that he failed to give satisfaction in either Laly or England, since we find VICTOR. EMMANUEL giving utterance to kindly feelings towards the departing Minister, and the political chef himself profuse in his expressions of approval. What, then, is th e answer to the riddle? Is it that th e new comer at Turin bears the charmed name of ELLIOT ? Would the same drama have been play e d, h a d th e patronymics been exchanged, and Sir J. Ht;DSON expressed a desire to fill an offic d h e ld b y M r . ELLIOT? It is an unfortunate c oincidence th a t the gentleman 'who hasperseded 6% long tried public servant bears a name which the English public has learned to look upon with suspicion as being some thing too general i❑ our official lists. The inconve nient amount of attention which has been directed to this little diplomatic transaction has possibly had the effect of shortening Earl RUSSELL'S official memory, but Sir JAMES'S appears to be very clear on the subject. It must be nearly as gratifying to diplomatists as to the people generally to see long years of arduous service quietly superseded by a gentleman whose experience bears about as much proportion to their own as the military knowledge of the raw recruit bears to the acquirements of the practised general. Octogenarians and Nonagenarians, Lord Palmerston, who completed his seventy ninth year on Tuesday, and who, if any man can, may be take❑ as a thorough type of the working statesman, is still the gay, buoyant, ever-youthful hero of debate, because of his active interest and participation in the affairs of the time. Leigh Hunt, who was born the day before Palmerston, and who may stand as a perfect specimen of the pure literary man, fell short of seventy-five, though his theoretical interest in all kinds of questions was con siderable. Of the Lake poets and essayists, Words worth was the only one who died really old, Rogers —to speak of another set of authors—lived to be ninety-two; but then Rogers was a man abroad in society, and very little of a dreamer by the Lethean streams of Helicon. Walter Savage Landor, still surviving at nearly ninety, is a case against us ; but he is con spicuous as an exception. Goethe and Humboldt, in their 85th year, showed, however, no diminution of their mental vigour; and Hobbes went on writing politics, philosophy, and poetry, up to his 92d year, in which he died. Intellectual wrestling, or golf-playing, seems to be the greatest aid to length of years that we can identify as such. The statesman is "always in a triumph or a fight ;" and where this does not ex haust the system (as it does in the physically feeble) it seems actually to stimulate, intensity, and prolong the secret energies of being. There are measures to be carried, or to be defeated, on the success or failure of which the man has set his heart ; there is a party to be served, and another party to be out witted and out-mancsavred, or met openly in the lists, " Shall this dearly cherished object fail for want of trying ? Shall that other succeed because I, a party leader whom my party can't well do without, choose lazily to give up the battle, and slink away to my arm-chair and slippers ? The fight is still proceeding; the enemy is strong, and threatens to outflank us ;is this a time for rest ?" These are considerations which rally all the forces of life, as the sound of a pibroch is said to rally the Highland regiments whenever for a moment they are driven back and disheartened. The old statesman con tinues to live because he has a motive for living, or rather many motives, which will not suffer him to stagnate. The mere desire to live is much ; but there must be a specific object to live for —some thing in the future whereon our gaze is earnestly fixed —something towards which we direct all the capacities of the soul. This is more the case with lawyers and statesmen than with any other class. Bishops often live to an extreme age ; but they are the statesmen of the ecclesiastical world, and are kept alive by precisely the same influences. The Bishop of Exeter is nom 86, and bids fair to rival Lord Lynd hurst in length of days. It is sometimes the same with great soldiers and sailors. Lord Combermere, who must be 90 or more—who was an officer in the British army when Robespierre was heading the Reign of Terror, and a cavalry general as far back as the Peninsular war—has been in the thick of affairs all his life, and therefore comes within the conditions to which we are alluding. The service of the State, i❑ some capacity or other, seems to be your true elixir vita. Nestor, we are persuaded, was a myth, embodying the idea that to be a prime minister, or a lord chancellor, or a bishop, or a fi , 3ld-marshal, or in some other way a leader of men, is the surest nit a - is of living to be very old. The poets say that the eloquent adviser of the Greeks during the Trojan war survived 3 generations of men. It has been disputed whether this means that he lived to be three hundred, or only ninety, counting thirty years as the average of a generation; but the latter will serve. Homer, in writing of Nestor, fore shadowed Lyndhurst, Lansdowne, and Brougham. Doge Band°lo, when above ninety, and blind, con quered Constantinople, and reigned there for two years. When Brennus and his Gauls invaded Rome, they found a senate of old men seated in their ivory chairs, and recoiled for a moment, awe-struck, from such an assemblage of legislative antiquities. It has been so in all times and countries. Your states man is constantly living to be old, and, when old, is alwa7s to be found repelling wild irruptions. Talleyrand lasted to eighty-four, and Metternich to eighty-six. Nesselrode, the Russian, and General Cass, the American, are both instances of longeveus politicians. The Americans are not remarkable for long life; but the public men of the New World contrive to hold out ea well as their congeners in Europe. John Adams, the fellow-labourer of Washington, lived to be 91 ; his friend Jefferson, who died the same day, was 83. Josiah Quincy, who wrote a letter the other day about the present struggle, is of Lord Lyndhurst's age. He was born, like Lyndhurst, a British subject in Ame rica, before the Declaration of Independence, and has been an active politician. General Scott and Mr. Buchanan still link the stormy present of the United States with the early part of the century, when all seemed smooth and safe ahead. Eng land has invariably been remarkable in this respect. " Old John of Gaunt, time-honoured Lan caster," was but the forerunner of a ling of aged counsellors. Queen Elizabeth's Lord Burleigh was Prime Minister of England for more than fifty years ; and Sackville, Lord Dorset, reached the age of eighty. But. Continental nations have shared the honour with us in equal proportions. Sully was eighty-two when he died; and Andrea Doria ninety four, though his life was one unresting contest. Prince Adam CzArtoryeki must have been more than ninety when, but recently, he laid down the burden of his sorrows and his exile. Among the ancients, Cato lived to be eighty-five; and Isocrates, the " old man eloquent," whose spirit was broken down by the news of the fatal battle of Chseronea, starved himself to death in his ninety-ninth year, and even then, if we may credit the histories, had strength enough to withstand his voluntary abstention from food for four days. Yet, after all, the few special instances of longe vity which seem to border on the preternatural are not to be found among statesmen, or men of intel lect of any kind whatever. Old Parr, who is said to have lived to be a hundred and fifty, and old Jen kins, who seems to have been nearly twenty years older still, were persons of humble birth and small intellectual capacity. We cannot call t o m i nd any m an o f em i nence --even of a s ma ll degree of em i nence — w h o passed th e age o f a hundred, with the exception of Macklin, the actor and dramatist, who did not finally quit the stage till he was at least ninety-nine, and lament- ably broke down, from sheer lack of memory, while playing Shylock. Anacreon might have lived to be as old, had the grape-stone spared him ; but it didn't. Titian got on to ninety-six, or, as soma say, ninety-nine; but there he stopped. 'Macklin has it - - a'.l to himself as au intellectual centenarian. lit wu.s an Irishman ; and it is noteworthy that, at the present day, the most remarkable instances of longe- vity are to be found among the Irish poor. Lynd hurst, too, was Irish by blood; bat the actor beat him by sixteen years, dying at a hundred and seven. Fancy a peer at a hundred years old getting on his legs to address the House of Lords, and losing the LATEST INTELLIGENCE. [REUTER'S TELEGRAM.] POLAND. EXECUTIONS IN WARSAW. WARSAW, OCT. 29. At 9 o'clock this morning four Polish gendarmes were hanged on the Gezyhoff-square in this capital, by sentence of court-martial. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, OCT. 28. The Presse of this evening has received advices from 'Warsaw announcing an increase of Russian arbitrary rule. Upon the 23d a razzia was made upon the young men of the Polish capital. Several hundreds were seized, searched, and stripped to the skin. The same operation was repeated at night, 130 young men being arrested and carried off to the citadel. The OsideutscAe Post publishes a leading article upon the danger of the general situation, owing to the systematic hesitation of Austria, " who could easily prevent any catastrophe." The writer con cludes by observing that the true interests of Austria are only to be found in energetic communi cation with France. SPAIN. A Council of Ministers has approved the draft of the speech from the throne to be delivered at the opening of the Cortes. THE BOMBAY AND MAURITIUS MAILS. The following telegram has been received at Mr. Reuter's office from the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company : ALEXANDRIA, OCT. 28. The Euxine and the Delta left with the above mails at 10 a.m. this day. The former may be expected at Marseilles on the 3d, and the latter at Southampton about the 10th November. The Noma, from Mauritius, reached Suez on the 25th, and the Benares, from Bombay, on the 26th inst. FRANCE. PARIS, OCT. 29th. The Mexican Consuls in Paris, Bordeaux, and Havre having been compelled to cease their func tions, the affairs of these consulates have been tem porarily placed in charge of the Consuls of Guatemala. BOURSE, Oct. 28.—The market continues heavy, and business done shows a further decline. Threes, for the Account, are now at 67t. Mobilier have receded to I,ooof. Railway Shares rather offered, with a slight decline in some of the lines. The market continued heavy to the close, and the left off as follows : 11- per Cents .. 95 Do. end month.... 3 per Cents Do. end month 66 90 Credit Mobilier 1082 b 0 1)o. end month 1082 Bank Shares 3310 Credit F oneier 1282 50 Roman Italian Loan 73 05 Do. end month 73 05 New ditto Do. end month.... -- -- Russian Austrian Spanish Threes 53 75 Rome Debt — Deferred RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans Northern - Lyons and Mediterranean 955 .. 950 New ditto 9lO -- Geneva.. Southern Western Eastern Sardinian 413 75 .. 415 Austrian Lon , hfird North of Spain Saragossa 630 .. 630 Ditto to Barcelona AMERICA. (REUTER'S EXPRESS.) (Per City of London.) NEW YORK, OCT. 17. The reported falling back of General Meade's army to Manassas is fully confirmed, and Lee's army is said to occupy most of the old Bull Run battle-ground, and the road leading into London Talley to the North of it. The following is from a despatch to the Hew York Times ; The enemy made two desperate and unsuccessful attempts to-day (Oct. 14th) to whip our army in detail, and destroy our trains. Just at daybreak between Catlett's station and Warrenton, Stuart and A. P. Hill made a simultaneous attack upon Gregg's cavalry, and the second corps. Almost the first intimation of their presence was the opening of their batteries upon the second corps. Our troops were speedily in position and the enemy were re pulsed with considerable loss. Late in the afternoon Hill made another dash to cut off the second corps. Le first attacked the roar of the fifth corps. When the head of the second corps had reached Kettle Run near Bristoe's Station, Hill made a terrific onslaught upon both corps. The second corps was on the east side of the railroad track and used the road embankment for breastwork with great advantage. Several changes were made, and each time the rebels were forced back with great slaughter, leaving their killed and wounded in our hands. A rapid artil lery fire was kept up until long after dark by both sides, when the enemy gave up and retired. The following General Order was published on the 15th : " Head Quarters, Army of the Potomac, Oct. 15th. "The Major-General Commanding announces to the Army that the rearguard, consisting of the Second Corps, was attacked yesterday while march ing by the flank. The enemy, after a spirited contest, was repulsed, losing a battery of five guns, two colonels, and 450 prisoners. The skill and promptitude of Major-General Warren, and the gallantry and bearing of the officers and soldiers of the Second Corps are entitled to high commen dation. " MAJOR-GENERAL MEADE. By command of (Signed) " S. WILLIAMS." A despatch to the Associated Press says :- 4 ' The falling back of our Army from Rappahannock station to Bristow's and Catlett's stations is repre sented as a magnificent spectacle. They marched by four parallel lines. There were no delays nor confusion. Every movement being conducted with remarkable regularity," In the recent conflict between Pleasanton and Stuart's forces the latter were endeavouring to (fleet a flank movement on the former. A few particulars of the engagement at Bris tow's and Cattlett's station have been received. It appears that the rebels furiously attacked the Second Army Corps, commanded by General Warren, and the cavalry division of General Gregg. The corps being one of the oldest and highly effi cient, succeeded in stopping the rebel advance, com pelling them to fall back with heavy loss, our own troops suffering also largely. The Federal cavalry fought with great desperation, leaving many dead and wounded on the field. At six o'clock in the evening General Lee made a desperate attempt to flank General Meade by the way of Chantilly, and endeavoured to get in his rear by way of Fairfax Court-house. In this he was un. thread of his discourse !—London I?evietc. MR. CUBITT, M.P.—Yesterday morning accoe.nts were received in town of the dangerous illness of Mr. Wm, Cubitt, M.P. for Andover. The hon. gentleman is at his seat, Penton Lodge, near Andover, llants. The hon. gentleman, who is in his 73d year, has for some ante been ailing, b u t no fear was entertained until within the past few days. THE HEAD OF THE HOUSE OF INIACNIAIION, the Marquis Charles MacMahon, nephew of the Duke of Ma genta, has just died, at the age of after three years of intense suffering, successful, as General Meade anticipated the rebels by falling rapidly back to the coveted spot, thus effectually checking a movement which would have endangered both the Army of the Potomac and the Capitol. Some of the rebel prisoners stated that they marched from Hanover Junction, near Richmond, since Saturday. It was thought that there would soon be a battle on the old Bull Run grounds, the rebels apparently waiting for their supplies to come up from the Rapidan, some 40 miles distant, the Federals having effectually destroyed the railroad in their rear, on their retreat. IVASINGTON, Oct. 16 (Evening). The army of the Potomac has thus far re treated, closely followed by Lee. A battle would probably have been fought on the old Ball Run ground had Meade accepted it. Lee moved heavily on his flank, and Meade fell still further back. Yesterday A. P. Hill's corps moved towards Leesburg, as if intending to cross into Maryland at Ewart's Ferry; a reconnaissance, however, showed that nothing of the kind had resulted. From the information at hand, it is thought that Lee will not leave the protection of the Bull Run Moun tains until the severe storm now prevailing abates. Lee holds the old Bull Run battle-ground. A despatch to the .New York World says "There was some skirmishing yesterday all along the lines, but no general engagement. Our army was in position last night. All baggage and transporta tion trains were sent to the rear, and sutlers were ordered to Alexandria. Our army is in a safe position, and prepared for any attack." It was believed in Washington yesterday (16th), that no general engagement would take place for a day or two, in consequence of the prevailing storm. The World asserts that Meade's retreat is caused by the depletion of his army, by sending Republi can soldiers home to vote, and says : —" The simple truth is that Meade held his position until the Administration weakened his army to carry the Stat© elections, and he was then compelled to fly before his pursuing foe." Despatches from Chattanooga to the 10th state that no attack had been made by the enemy since the 7th inst., that their batteries on Lookout Mountain had been removed, and that the Federal batteries had opened fire on Missionary Ridge, and compelled Bragg to remove his headquarters there- from. Deserters from Bragg's army report that the mysterious engagement within the rebel lines on the 6th was a fight between a brigade of Georgian's militia and the regular troops. The former refused to cross the State line, and the, refusal brought on the collision. The damage done to the Nashville and Stevenson Railroad has been repaired, and trains are running regularly. Wheeler's cavalry was closely followed, in their late raid, by the Federals, and several times defeated. They are now scattered in the region between Duck and Elk Rivers. TLe rebels are said to be very actively building pontoons. This indicates an attempt to dislodge Rosencranz from his position, by a flanking move ment, across the river. All of which will be prod vided for by General Rosencranz. There has been no communication for several days with General Burnside. The public has been wrongly impressed as to the strategic relations of his command with the army of Rosencranz. It is serving a good purpose, but not in the manner generally supposed at the North. The following congratulatory order has been issued by General Rosencranz : "Army of the Cumberland.—You have made a grand and successful campaign; you have driven the rebels from Middle Tennessee. Von crossed a great mountain range, placed yourselves on the banks of a broad river, crossed it in the face of a powerful opposing army, and crossed two other great moun tain ranges at the only practicable passes, some forty miles between the extremes. You concen trated in the face of superior numbers; fought the combined army of Bragg, which you drove from Shelbyville to Tullahoma, of Johnston's army of the Mississippi, and the tried veterans of Longstreet's corps, and for two days held them at bay, giving them blow for blow with heavy interest. When the day closed you held the field from which you withdrew in the face of overwhelming numbers, to occupy the point which you set out for—Chatta nooga. " You have accomplished the great work of the campaign; you hold the key of East Tennessee, of Northern Gcorgia, and of the enemy's mines of coal and nitre. " Let these achievements console you for the re gret you experience that arrivals of fresh hostile troops forbade you to remain on the field to renew the battle ; for the right of burying your gallant dead, and caring for your brave companions who lay wounded on the field. The losses you have sus tained, though heavy, are slight, considering the odds against you and the stake you have won. "You kold in your hands the substantial fruits of a victory, and deserve, and will receive, the honours and rlaudits of a grateful nation, which asks nothing of even those who have been fighting us but obedience to the Constitution and laws estab lished for our common benefit. "The General commanding earnestly begs every officer and soldier of this army to unite with him in thanking Almighty God for His favours to us. He presents his hearty thanks and congratulations to all the officers and soldiers of this command for their energy, patience, and perseverance, and the undaunted courage displayed by those who fought with such unflinching resolution. Neither the history of this war, nor probably the annals of any battle, furnish a loftier example of obstinate bravery and enduring resistance to su perior numbers—when troops, having exhausted their ammunition, resorted to the bayonet, many times, to hold their positions against such odds— as did our left and centre, comprising troops from all the corps, on the afternoon of the 20th Septem• ber at the battle of Chickamauga. (Signed) " W. S. ROSENCRANZ, Major-General Commanding." SOUTHAMPTON, OCT. 29. The Hamburg and American Company's steamer Saxonia from New York on the 17th inst. arrived off the Needles at 10.40 a.m. to-day. • DEATHS FROM STARVATION IN ec uL LON DON ! —The Registrar-General r have died of at Th ove s tarvation in our midst. How many o O rd P sd E e N from The shadows of men, want lately the coroner can n y way Street Ragged) s chool to this (Albert women, and childre n looked like dried mummies endowed w ith motion—hu ni p a ssed elol schoolk ° a t om s, so bent and wasted, and beaten by hard hu fat,, that , passed them wondering o a n n d d er s i t n il g l h h e o l l i v much morethe raanf I form could t h e soul within it. To think of the tens of thousands of London folk who live idle and luxurious at the West End ; to think of snug Clapham and haughty Eaton Square ; nay, to think of little Baffles, of the Post-Office, going home to his tea and muffins, or of Mrs. Grundy's very humblest relation, and 'hen to look upon these pictures of skeleton want, framed in London fog, and beaten upon by a north-east wind I Men and women are thoughtle,s in the happy west, dancing, eating, and dreaming behind the splendours of Mr. Cubitt's stucco town, or many a d a i nty foot would press Brick Lane, and many of the sighs with which the atmosphere of Spitalfields is weighted would give way to laughter.—Blanchard Jerrold's 15?"gitals of .Distress. diurtCM E. Invln Return of her Majesty to Windsor. WINDSOR CASTLE, Oct. 28, The Queen, accompanied by their Royal High nesses Princess Helena, Princess Louise, Princess Beatrice, and Prince Leopold, Prince William, Princess Charlotte, and Prince Henry of Prussia, arrived at the Castle this morning at five minutes past nine o'clock. The suite in attendance consisted of the Lady in Waiting (Lady Churchill), Lady Augusta Bruce, Baroness Von Dobeneck (in attendanc e on the chil dren of the Crown Prince and Princess), Lieut.- General the Hon. C. Grey, Lord Charles Fitzroy, and Mr. Buff. Sir George Grey attended her Majesty to Perth. The children of the Crown Prince and Princess of Prussia met the Queen at the Aboyne Station, and travelled with her Majesty to Windsor. Her Serene Highness Princess Hohenlohe, at tended by Colonel F. Seymour, C. 8., arrived at the Castle yesterday from the continent, on a visit to her Majesty. BALMORAL, Oct. 27. The Queen, accompanied by the Princesses Helena and Louise, drove to Bowmont's Moss yes terday morning. In the afternoon the Queen went out, attended by Lady Churchill, The Prince and Princess of Wales. SANDRINGIIA3I, Oct. 28. His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales and his Royal Highness Prince Christian of Denmark arrived from Newmarket by special train last evening. Her Royal Highness the Princess of Wales, with her mother and sister, drive out daily, attended by the Countess of Morton and the Countess Reventlow. Earl Granville arrived at bandringham yesterday. The HoR. Mr. Meade has also arrived at San dringham. Prince and Princess Louig of Hesse. Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse, with the Princess Victoria, attended by Baroness Schenck and Captain Westerweller, arrived at Buckingham Palace at 25 minutes past ten o'clock yesterday morning from Edinburgh. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge visited their Royal Highnesses. The Duchess of Cambridge and the Princess Mary also paid a visit to the Prince and Princess at Buckingham Palace. The Duke and Duchess of Sutherland and family intend to leave Dunrobin Castle, Sutherlandehire, to-day for Tarbert House, N.B. After a short stay at the latter seat the duke and duchess purpose to come south to Trent ham, Staffordshire. The Marquis and Marchioness of Salisbury close their visit to the Earl and Countess of Carnarvon to-day at Highclere, Newbury, and go to Hatfield House, Herts. The Earl of De . rby is confined to his room at Inewsley with an attack of gout. The alarming reports of his illness aro destitute of any foundation. It is well known that the noble earl suffers occasionally from those attacks, and in this instance it is in a mild form. The Earl and Countess Spencer and Lady Sarah Spencer embarked at Marseilles a 'few days ago for Alexandria. Lord and Lady Wenlock will leave Hagley Hall, Lord Lyttelton's seat near Stourbridge, at the close of the week, on their return to Eskirck Park, Yorkshire. Lady Churchill has arrived at the St. George's Hotel. Lord Edward St. Maur has arrived at the Duke of Somerset's residence at the Admiralty, from visiting Sir Fradei ick and Lady Hermoine Graham, at Netherby Park, Cumberland.. THE LATE "FINE OLD ENGLISH GENTLEMAN," OF LULIVORTH CASTLE.—The following additional particulars in regard to the obsequies of the late venerable Squire of Lulworth Castle, Dorsetshire, have been forwarded to us by a correspondent :—Mr. Joseph Weld, born 1777, died October 19, 1863, was son of Thomas Weld, founder of Stonyhurst College, Lancashire. The funeral took place at the public chapel at Lulworth Castle, on the 27th, at 10 a.m. The previous Monday the body was carried at 9a m. from the room in the castle where it had lain, the clergy and family alone being present. During the day the Catholic congregation relieved one another, and offered prayers for the repose of the good squire's Bout, according to the old custom of the Catholic Church. In the evening, at 4 p.m., a solemn dirge was performed. The choir was led by the Rev. Messrs. Magini and Walsh, assisted by Mr. Fisher, organist and schoolmaster, and the choir of the congregation. The Rev. Dr, William Vaughan, styled Bishop of Plymouth in the Catholic hierarchy, officiated, assisted by his clergy. There were present of the clergy of the diocess the Very R ev . C anon P ar k e , t h e Revs..Magirnt Walsh, Mount, Graham, and Charles, and of other diocesses the Right Rev. Dr. Clifford, styled Bishop of Clifton, the Very Rev. Monseigneur Weld, nephew of the deceased, and the Rev. Fathers Gallway, Hood, and Holden ; also the Chaplain now of Lulworth Castle, the Rev. Wm. Strickland. 9n Tuesday morning, at 10 a.m., the solemn burial service commenced, and all was carried on fully according to the ancient ritual of the Catholic Church, holy water and incense being used, which, if they appeared strange and new to Protestant assistants, at least recalled the ritual established by God himself in the old law—if then goods why evil now? The mourners were Lord Clifford of Chudleigh ; Hon. Charles Langdale, brother of Hon. Mrs. Weld, of Lulworth; widow of deceased ; Charles Weld, Esq., of Chidlock ; Sir Bouchier Wray, father of the pre - ' sent Mrs. Weld, of Lulworth Also the three sons of the deceased—Edward, the eldest, who succeeds; Thomas, now Weld-Blundell, of Ince, in Lancashire; and Joseph, the youngest. Also his son-in-law, Colonel Vaughan, 0f Courtfield. Amongst the congregation were Major-General Crispin and Captain Buller, with several other friends, an d Mr. Emson, or Dorchester, the medical attendant at the castle. The body was borne by the labourers of the castle , and the pall by the steward, bailiff, and six of the principa l tenants of the estate, who volunteered their services. T il° Right Rev. Dr. Vaughan, who is also a nephew of the deceased, officiated at the whole of the ceremonies, ass isted by the deacon and s u bd eacon , an d accom p an i e d b y his rela tives, Bishop Clifford, of Clifton, and Monseigneur Weld. We understand, and the musical public may b e glad to know the fact, that the sol emn requiem . composition of Randegger, which was used for the fir B , t . time on the occasion of the lamented death of. his Royal Highness Prince Albert, is to be performed by a fu ll orchestra, on Sunday night next, at the Italian Church , 22, Hatton-wall. HEAVY GERMAN JOKING.—The following is the feudal election-speech of Kladderadatsch, the Prns - : sian Punch, at the " Association for the Improvement of the Idiotic Classes' , Gentlemen ! Yes is tea, and it. is No. That is to say, it entirely depends how rlf I mean, when I say Yes, No; and, Yes is equal to No, and No is equal to Yes. W hoeve r for our Yes dis putes this endeavours to substitute a mean in g'tOur adversaries and our No which is utterly foreigi. to y i e . s, and No is No ; always like to pretend that h Yea risoper courage to do so ; & then but they have, after all, n ot t epalways to repeat 'Yes is continuingand and, instead of eimplYbegin to be silent. Such nervous, Tee,' they ,get contemptible, even if the thing if N I. ‘ h o Yea;ar a v e e cowards, gentlemen, are which they defend were n ot so. A strong brazen cheek,' h owev er, does not shrink from anything ; and theref ore join with me in the cry, under successors already will which our w ill once have been v ictorious—viz., Our Yes be No and Then all will certainly be e well 1" (Last ing a pplause. ) our No be yes The same paper puts th e f o ll ow i ng conser the world's history :_u C ou ld it no t be waive que r y to i arrange, d in some shape or other, th a t t h e b attle of Leips i° could have been won by Papa' Wrangel ?"—(the consere vat i ve warrior who command e d t h e Schleswig-Holste i n e xpedition, a standing Berlin character, always a t odds w i t h grammar among other things,) BARNES OF THE " TIMES" AND HIS REPORTER' Among the many coercion bills passed for Ireland in former days, was one when th e l a t e Si r Robert Peel ev3e his son is _n ow--Irish Sec re t ary. Of course the Secrete,Ty. had to justify his measure by showing the lawless state 01 the country, and one of the instances he adduced was a horrible case of a peasant's but having been surrounded in the dead of night by a gang of Whiteboys set on fire, a nd the little children, as th ey rushed out of ' the burning cot tage, seized by the savages and tossed back into the flew es ; " Then," said Sir Robert, waxing rhetorical as he close d t his horrible tale, ' 4 then the evil genius of Ireland upraised her bloody hand." The speech happened to be taken by: reporter whose delicate susceptibilities were rathe r in ea' teas, and Barn es , looking over the reports in the eoluinn_ of the limes nex t morning, was horrified to fi n d that UP 3 1i1 . sentence was given, " Th en the ev il gen i u s of Ireland and raised her b---- hand." The reporter wits sen t an explanation demanded. It was not far to seek. because sir," said the reporter, " I wrote the speech so bec of g.no ' d thought the interests of the Times and the demands ,hoody , is that I taste required it ; for you must own, sir, strainier. " Yes," said Barnes, ‘ r g e rather a coarse .word." I ad, with difficulty his boiling indignation, yes— yired"but en d coatee,w . , that bloody' is rather a strong to say it I were it is sometimes appropriate. For instance, be very coarse--:, you are a bloody foul, it would, n o dou,‘bt: „don _ Editors, but it would be very true I"—From„Lod in " LOnffen t .,oekty" for lyofember. ] ] Gx ItE NE Ter Aus. B e l i Dut Fr; Ital.