The Sun. — London, England, 1863-09-28 00:00:00

..........." .....,........ /.....mommmo.... on the let of October will be published, a Third and Cheap - Edition, price 10s. 6d., OBSCURE DISEASES of the BRAIN and MIND. / By FORBES WxNsLow, M.D., D.C.L. London : Robert Hardwicke, 192, Piccadilly. 1 ------ 1 RObi AL COLOSSEUM —Mr. GEORGE ' BUCKLAND'S BENEFIT will take place at lb e a b ov e Institution TO - MOR ROW (Tuesday), M o rning an d Evening, the 211th inst. In addition to the usual attractiol Ss a GRANI) CONCERT will be given, at which the tollown lm er ig artistes w ill appear : Mr s, Alexander Newton, Miss P Lyle. Mins Kate Mellon, Miss Jlia Elton, Miss Annie Co K. Mr. Young, Mr, Dawson, Mr. Henry Buckland, Mr. Ragta - •, Mr Montem Smith, and Miss Rosin,' Collins. The elite r tainments will conclude, by particular desire and on this •oc casion only. with the Moving Melodrama of ADEIX si WB RAY, THE MALTREATED MAIDEN : or Villa my Vanquished and Virtue Victorious. Admission to the AO .ole, One Shilling. ---- ___L---- --- lIERRM ANN, P REST ID IGITATFATR.— vitnicEs,s THEATRE. —HERB' HERR3IANN'S Performances, EVERY EVENING, at Eight. In Two Parts—as given by hint in all the principal 'theatres and Opera Houses of the Continent of Europe and , a America. T o whole of the Marvellous Illusions entirely newnd invente h d by Herr Herrmann. Prices of admission as usual. THEATRE ROYAL DRURY- LANE, 31anagers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chatterton. THIS EVENING, TIIE DEAL BOATMAN: Messrs. G. Belmore, F. Charles; bliss R. Leclercq, and Mrs. Edmund Falconer. To conclude with . the new and original Comedy, by Ed mund Fal,oner, entitled NATURE'S ABOVE ART : A Ro mance of the Nursery : Messrs. Walter Lacy, Addison, Ryder, Barrett, G. Belmore, F. Charles. Neville ; Miss Charlotte Saunders, Miss Murray, Miss R. Leclercq, Mrs. Melville, and Mrs. Edmund Falconer. Box-office open from Ten till Five daily. Prices as usual. Commence at 7. THEATRE ROYAL HAY NIARKET.- Open for the Season.—Notice. —During the recess the u ndermentioned alterations have been made to ensure the comfort of the audicnc2 N distinct row of Stalls has been erected, with two new Stall Staircases, one on each side of tt , e Theatre. In the Dress Circle, all the partitions and ori ginal seats have been removed, and chairs o a convenient size, covered with Utrecht ve,vet, introduced. The approaches to the Dress Circle will be carpeted and generally improved, while the seats In the Amphitheatre will be made as commo dious as those of the Pit. In addition the whole of the inte rior of the Theatre has undergone a thorough restoration. Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Wigan every evening. THIS EVENING. and during the Week, to commence at 7, with AN UNLUCKY MORTAL : Mr. William Farren, Miss M. Harris, &c. After which, at a quarter to 8, the new Comedy of FINESSE ; or, Spy and ( ounter Spy: characters by Mr. Alfred Wigan, Mr. Chippendale, Mr. Howe, Mr. Buckstone ; Mrs. Dowton (first appearance). Miss L. Angel, and Mrs. Alfred Wigan. Concluding with TURNING THE TABLES. On Monday, Oct. 26, Mr. and Mrs. CLIAS. MATHEWS will return to the London stage. NEW THE ATRE-RO YAL, AD ELPHL- Sole Proprietor and Msnager, Mr. B. Webster. This 'Theatre will RE-OPEN for the Winter Season on Firstnext. Oct I entirely new painted and appearance of Miss . BATE:dAN, the celebrated Amer ican artiste. At 7, THE TRAGEDY QUEEN : Mrs. Stirling. At 8, the New Drama of LEAH : Miss Bateman, supported by Mr. Arthur Stirlin (his first appearance here), Messrs. R. Phillips, Billington g , Stuart, A. Wood, Eberne, Miss H. Simms and Mrs. Billington. To conclude with CATCHING AN HEIRESS : Miss Woolgar and Mr. A. Wood. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE.I Manager, Mr. W. 11. Swanborough. THIS EVENING, WHERE'S YOUR WIFE. Mr. 13c1- ford, Miss Simpson. Followed by (Gist time) THE MOTTO, " I'M ALL Coll THERE." Messrs. Honey, Turner , E. F. Josephs, M aria Danvers, ier, Clifton ; Mesdames Ada Swanboro u g h, Simpson, Wallace, and Jenny White. To conclude with TURN 11131 OUT. Mr. T u rner, Miss Thorne. Commence at 7. ------- 111 HE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, can be had Every Evening of G. EL GLisNIE. NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Ilydc-park. HIGH. WATER. AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tills DAY. —Morning, 2h. 25m.—Afternoon, 2h. 45m. To-Na ow.-Morning, 3h. 7m.—Afternoon, 3h. 27m. The Weather---Stun Office, Sept. 28, 1863, THERMOMETER. This morning This day at Two o'clock 6:3 Barometer-29.89. Wind—West ; moderate, and cloudy. -.r o^t LONDON, MONDAY, SEPT. 28, 1563. Earl RUSSELL has just now, through the medium of a pretty long speech, been delighting the natives of Perthshire, down at Blairgowrie. His Lordship is tolerably certain, however, through the medium of that very same speech, not so much to delight, as firmly and rather blankly to astonish the natives of every other part of the three kingdoms. We may take even the plaudits won by the eloquence of the noble orator from the assembled tenantry at Blair gowrie, so indicative far more of their satisfaction at having so important a member of the Cabinet as the Foreign Secretary to listen to, than of anything like a deliberate coincidence of theirs in the opinion expressed by him in the course of his harangue. Conning the speech of the noble Earl, under the influence of no such purely personal and compli mentary feelings, that is, as one among a throng of feasting tenants down at Blairgowrie—reading the noble Lord's Address to that tenantry, now that it comes reported to us from a distance, in cold blood, in plain legible black and white, we can only marvel at the rashness (in many particulars) of an oration which does really and truly ap pear to us to be quite as much a mis take on the part of Earl RUSSELL as his notorious despatch a few months back in regard to that tedious Schleswig Holstein Difficulty. Here —in this speech of Lord RUSSELL'S yonder in Scotland — the blundering appears to us to have about it a twofold hardihood. The daring rashness of the remarks uttered by the Foreign Secretary, both in regard to the Steam Rams and in regard to the Federal Government, surpasses anything in the way of blundering rashness ever yet ventured upon, even by Earl RUSSELL. Heart and soul we go with the noble lord, of course, when he contents himself with denouncing, in lan guage worthy of him as ono of the younger asso ciates of 'WILBERFORCE and CLARKSON, the hideous abomination of Slavery when ho said, " For my part, I consider that it is one of the most horrible crimes that yet disgraces humanity." But when Earl RUSSELL goes on to argue that England for the, most part, that is to say, the vast majority of the people of this country, are in favour of the Northern Government, rather than in favour of the Southern Government, that Englishmen as a body sympathize more with the Federals and less with the Confederates, we can onl y admire the wilful effrontery with which notorious facts, demonstrative of exactly the reverse, are coolly set aside as of no earthly consideration whatever. It is true that in the very l a b oure d argument in which Earl R USSEL put forth this astounding dec larat ion, he st r i ves very spe c i ous l y , t o a ff ec t an appearance of coespion. ous impartiality. But nothing less audacious than what we have said is the conclusion he eventually 1 arrives at. A. conclusion, nevertheles s, as w e all I know full well, utterly baseless and insupportable. Again, when EArl RUSSELL talks, as he talked on baturday to.the convivial tenantry at Blairgowrie, in reference to those seizure of the steam rams with the outlandish Egyptian nams3 (misnomers now in the strictest sense of the word, seeing that the PA CHA of that African province of the Turkish Empire is no longer to be the purchaser) down in Mr. LAIRD'S Liverpool—when L or d RUSSELL talks, shipyard at as he talked on Saturday, hi reference to that little transaction, certain , at least, we may b e o f this, that be was " minting without his host!" It was speaking of what the H ouse of Com mon , would do in such and such a contingency, W i t h out the smallest assurance in the world that they would d o anything whatever of the kind. " Everything," h e said, "that the law of nations requires, everything that the present Foreign Enlistment Act requires, I am prepared to do, even if it should be proved to be necessary for the preservation of our neutrality that the sanction of Parliament should be asked to urther measures that her MAJZSTY'S Ministers may , till add." The present Ministers of the Crown may " still add" whatsoever they in their collective wis dom may deem fit and proper, right and necessary. But—whether Parliament will sanction anything of that kind when added—that is quite another matter That, at least, remains to be proved—next session'. The programme of the party of progress in Prussia that has lately been issued appears to be very excellent in its way, and it would be well if there were any chance of its being carried out. It comprises many im portant points, and seems to take in all really essen iial changes. The first item mentioned is cne of the chief improvements needed at the present time— " complete liberty of the press, and consequently the suppression of the decree of the end of June." If there were any chance of this saving clause being carried, there would be comparatively little to de sire for the country that is now so painfully and precariously situated. In nothing did the Bis- MARK Confederation so prove their falsity to the obligations imposed on them as in this particular of the press. " Presentation of the law on Minis terial responsibility prescribed by the Constitu tion," is the second point mentioned. Certainly it is very much needed, since the present ad visers of the Crown arrogate to themselves the same divine right as that enjoyed by their Sove- reign. They ignore the claim of anyone to criticise their conduct, and refuse to render an account of their actions to the most influential persons. The third proposition is to establish the " effective re cognition of the right of the Chamber of Deputies to control the expenses of the Treasury.'' This is a noticeable plan, and points to a reform which is loudly called for. The manner in which the finances of the country have been conducted is really reprehensible, and must eventually lead to nothing but confusion, while it proves detrimental to the nation. In fact, the chief office of the Cham ber is set aside altogether. The Deputies are precluded from exercising their rights, and they are, as a body, compelled to stultify themselves. It is high time that the representatives of the people should no longer forego their principles, but perform the duties they owe to themselves and their co untr y . "Reor g ani sation of the House next rthing desirablem ention ed arrangement, This b i t s l e s t s he be o w f L u d d s o ' u' as the whole of the political fabric in Prussia is in great need of reconstruction. " An army founded upon a popular basis,with a two years' service." This is to serve as a cheek on the arbitrary notions of the KING, and the unconstitutional doctrines of his Ministerial advisers. The ninth and last pro vision, is a " German Parliament freely elected by the nation." If this were carried, it would be indeed a desideratum. The programme of the party of progress is a well•considered proposal, and a complete exposition of the wants of the nation. That it, or some such alterative measure is required is without doubt, but that it will be put into practice is quite another affair. The spirit of intolerance appears to be rampant in high quar ters, and everywhere the arbitrary schemes and the despotic plans that were promulgated in the summer are being put into execution. Thus we hear that during the last few days additional warnings have been given to various newspapers ; a pamphlet on the Constitution, end the law on the Press has been confiscated. Also, at the request of the Government, the police at Leipsic " have con fiscated a number of weekly journals published there." All these things prove that some change is imperatively called for, and that the counsels that prevail at Berlin are about as mischievous and im politic as they can be. It is stated that soon after the opening of the Diet the documents relating, to the German question will be laid before it. There is not likely to be much gained by this, because whatever good propositions are made by the Diet are certain to be overruled by the authorities. The KING'S answer to the Frankfort Assembly is now naturally the subject of much speculation. It is said that the Government complain, inasmuch that the project of Austria in regard to reform was only communicated to the KING after the letters of invitation had been sent to the other Sovereigns. This is a very extraordinary excuse, because great pains were taken to inform King WILLIAM of the new proposals. The fact is that there is no one so difficult to teach as those who do not wish to learn, and who are predetermined not to put the know ledge they gain to any profit to others, to in crease thereby their own stock of wisdom. They assert that Pru ss i a an d A us t r i a s h ou ld h o ld an equa l rank in the Directory. This might be desirable it practicable, but all must admit that the chance or opportunity of so doing has been wilfully cast aside by the KING and his infatuated advisers. The Ministry propose to the KING to " refuse his adhe sion to the actu a l p ro j ec t, an d t o en t er i nto nego ti a• tion with his confederates." All this sounds very tine, but it is in reality little else than clap-trap to cajole the other States, and make a specious sem blance of assiduity before the people. The begin ning and end of all these projects is Ministerial Conferences. This wonderful arrangement is to furnish a sort of Deus ex Machina to extricate the Sovereigns from their embarrassment, to give im provements to the States, and to bestow benefits upon the people. These beneficent results might be more likely to loom in the distance if the prime mover or special originator of the whole manoeuvre were another and a better man. The shadow be hind the throne flings its sombre gloom, an d casts its dusky hue over promises that shine so brightly, and the, hopes that speak so fair. It seems useless to augur any advantage that may accrue to Prus s i a until a change comes over the spirit of her dream. In the meantime it seems safe to predicate that little or nothing can be looked for in the way of amelioration until the affairs of Germany are ar ranged in a more concise and connected form. At present there are too many pioneers of progress but they seem to find it difficult to collect sufficient followers. Among the numerous harvest celebrations and agricultural meetings which have taken place within the last week or two there was no especial feature in the dinner given at Watton. Norfolk has been blessed with a full share of the abundant harvest, but happily, good crops are not this year such exceptional possessions as to call for any special remark. The address of Mr. G. W. BEN TINeK, one of the county members, is, however, well worth reading, and has some claims to distinction less as a triumph of oratory than of coining f r „ ta th e lips of 011 e of the staunchest members of the C onservat i ve par t y . The purport of his sp eech, which he prefaced by observing, with dry humour, that it was his in tention to say something disagreeable, was the att it u de which it would becom e the agricultural esßiiniio Interest to assume w ith re gard to the v exe d ques tion of Reform. to the expediency or necessity houtoxpr of introducing tr an opinion as a Reform Bill, he reminded his hearers that they had been told on high authority that they were to look forward to the speedy discussion of fresh measures of Reform. When the question came to be dis cussed, he advised them to bear in mind that the principal grievance in the country was the want of proper repres entat i on of the rura l d is t r icts, and that this want be attributed in a grog raelguxu to their own lack of determination in making them- LATEST INTELLIGENCE. LI selves heard. The rural districts had, he declared. [REUTER'S TELEGR.k3IS.] every right to be represented, on the grounds alike of wealth, numbers, and intelligence. "There is no other great commercial industry," says Mr. BENTINCK, "which, when its interests are at tacked, does not bind itself together and fight its own battles with vigour and resolution." He appealed to the assembly whom he was ad dressing, to say whether such was the course pursued by the representatives of the rural interest, and loud cheers marked their coincidence in the opinions of the speaker. Mr• RENTINCK reminded them that the burden of taxa tion pressed with heavy and unequal weight on the agricultural districts, and this is certainly an evil which, if they were more efficiently represented, they might in some degree see mitigated. The truth is that the farmers have been usually far too busy in opposing the first whisper of reform to pro vide with proper prudence for their own interests. The possible evils attendant on the train of reform were eagerly insisted upon by interested de claimers, who, with ready volubility, exaggerated every drawback and doubled every disadvantage. The real importance and benefit of securing an en larged and unbiassed representation were left un heeded, and it was found too late by the Tories and their supporters that by their perverse and obsti nate opposition they had left the whole game in the hands of the Whigs. Since the days of the great Reform Bill the electoral position of the agricul tural population has been a frequent subject of comment, but little has been done in the way of substantial improvement. Yet no class stands in greater need of a political reorganisation. The in creasing intelligence and public spirit among the rural population generally, the gradual dying out of old and obsolete notions, all point to the ad vancing claims of our agricultural districts to a better and fairer representation. Where steam comes in prejudice generally goes out, and the application of art and science to the cultivation of the soil and the gathering in its products are fast combining the once antagonistic interests of town and country. There is some hope for the farmers, judging from the past, when the party which they are generally supposed to favour comes again into power ; but they, in common with the rest of us, had better expect little " from the veteran reformer Earl RUSSELL," unless they wish for disappointment. The liberal public have neither forgiven nor for gotten his refusal to allow the DERBY Reform Bill to pass into committee, followed as it was by a total abandonment of the subject when the virtu ously indignant Opposition changed sides with their rivals. Some cynics might suggest that the reason for refusing the much-maligned Bill to run the risk of improvement was the fear of having any Reform at all, since, judging by the subsequent conduct of Lord JOHN and his colleagues, an amended repre sentation was what they most dreaded. But what matter ? The great Reformer of the house of BEDPORD has reaped the reward due to his disin terested and patriotic labours; and ho is taking good care, by the manner in which he is conducting the foreign affairs of the nation, to distract men's minds from the remembrance of his past doings. THE WEST INDIA, MEXICAN, AND PACIFIC MAILS, SOUTHAMPTON, SEPT, 28. The Royal Mail Steam Packet Company's ship Tasmanian, has arrived here 'with the above mails, 112 passengers, 3,528,372 dols. in specie, of which 60,403 dole. are on account of the Mexican divi dends, and 1,700 p ickages of cargo. The Tasmania left St. Thomas's on the 13th inst., and experienced strong head-winds to the Western Islands. The steamer Darien, from Liverpool, arrived at St. Thomas's on the 6th inst. General Forey and M. de Saligny had been re called from Mexico by the French Emperor. General Bazaine had taken command of the troops. The French forces, 1,200 strong, took pos- session of Tampico on the Bth August. The expedition against the Government of Presi dent Juarez had ben postponed until after the rainy season. President Juarez was in San Luis, Potosi, com bining his troops, in order to resist the French. The exportation of specie had been forbidden from all town s occup i e d b y th e French, but l arge consignments a re s hi ppe d by way of Mansancello. The rebellion in St. Domingo has resulted in a large sacrifice of life and property. The Domi n i can re f ugees a tt a cked three garri sons, destroyi ng th em b y fire, and murdering all the sick in th e h osp i ta l s , spar i n g neither women nor children. Porto Plata was invaded by the insurgents, but they were ultimately driven out by troops who had arrived in a Spanish steamer. Large bodies of troops have been despatched from Havannah and Porto Rico to put down the rebellion. The dispute between Bolivia and Chile remained unsettled, Chile was still occupying the disputed territory. A steady business was going on at Valparaiso. Exchange on London, 441 d to 45d. The news from the West India Islands is unim portant. COVENT GARDEN THEATRE. MR. ALFRED MELLON'S CONCERTS. These admirable concerts, which for the last five or six weeks have attracted overflowing audiences, terminated on Saturday evening with the benefit of Mr. Alfred Mellon. The theatre was crowded to excess in every part, and after listening to perhaps one of the best selections that has been performed during the run of the concerts, the audience parted with Mr. Mellon in a manner that must have been exceedin3ly gratifying to the able and talented conductor. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 28, 1863 The .Necessary Existence 9f God. By William Gillespie, of T orbanehill. Fourth Edition. One vol., pp. 483. Houlston and Wright. One of the most remarkable essays of modern times, " The Constitution of Man," has for many years been printed and published in a very cheap and popular form, the original cost of this same popular edition having been defrayed with funds provided by the bequest of an enthusiastic admirer of George Combe's undoubted masterpiece. Re markable beyond all question though the merit of that performance as a literary production, it has upon it unhappily the taint peculiar to an argument characterised throughout by a flagrantly deistical tendency. The philosophy there taught though trembling like Hamlet's " twist heaven and earth" ,ends in no way heavenwards. It is on the con trary and in the strictest meaning of the phrase, of he earth, earthy. The thoughtful essayist who Ilerein weighs in the balance so many of the awful problems of the universe, dropping them one by o3e into his own ingenious little scales and testing them as it were by the rules of avoirdupois, looks to life here—(as the deadening result of all his inquiries)—as the "be all and the end all," as a mere fitful and fleeting series of perishable phenomena. In his specious exami nation of theology, so to speak, through the dull material spectacles of the phrenological theorist, George Combo seems to us to have borne a certain resemblance to those fantastic and eventually deis tical anatomists, who at one time, as one might say, set seriously to work to discover the soul in the pineal gland I That mysterious little central core of one of the most complicated portions of our human structure, that, an anatomist of large experience in the dissection-room once remarked to us, he had often crumbled between finger and thumb, always with one result, that of a gritty gravelly sensation —as though this idly dreamt of seat of the soul were, more peculiarly even than any other part of our anatomy, of the earth earth) ! Precisely of that character is the result, so far as our own sensa- dons on reading the famous essay can bo tersely described—precisely of that deadening, disappoint ing, earthly character is the effect produced by a perusal of Mr. Combe's " Constitution of Man." Instead of enabling him to soar to any great philosophical altitude, it leaves its reader in the end most miserably grovel ling in the dust. Reading it, and it alone—sup- --- _ posing, that is to say, that there were no higher, or purer, or more elevating philosophy to fly to— we might adopt at the close of it the epicurean phrase of the people of old, " Eat, drink, and be merry, for to-morrow we die." An enthusiastic admirer of a very different production, indeed—this remarkable essay upon, or inquiry into, or, may we presume to say, demonstration of " The Necessary Existence of God," has, in his turn, and far more philanthropically than the late Mr.Combe's admirer, provided funds for the issuing from the press of a cheap and popular edition of the work—the very edition here under notice ! Upon the head of the title page, it is calledi(after the name of this enthu siastic friend of Mr. Gillespie's),"The RasselEdition4 —Mr. James Russel, junior, of Arnotdale, being the individual referred to. Half way down that same ar resting and attractive title page, it reads rather oddly, a'most, one might say, indeoorously (remembering the awful problem of his inquiry)—when we find the author's name, there, indicated asWilliam Hony man Gillespie, Esq,, of Torbanehill. As incongruously, the "Esq." appears there, as though it were en graven upon a tombstone. Of the production itself, as a philosophical inquiry into what might be de fined as, in truth, the one supreme problem of the universe, Lord Brougham, in his Discourse of "Na tural Theology," declared emphatically—" I con sider Mr. Gillespie's book on the argument, a priori, a valuable addition to science of Natural Theology." Remembering which notable opinion, it is no mat ter of surp r i se t o us t o fi n d here that "The Russel Edition" of Mr. GiUespie's performance, the fourth edition which has just now been published, has been appropriately inscribed by the writer to the learned and philosophic ex-Chancellor. The late Sir William Hamilton went even further than Lord Brougham, when pronouncing his com mendation, for he said, with yet greater emphasis of praise, " I do not, I can assure Mr. Gillespie, mean to flatter him, in saying, I consider his work, on the Necessary Existence of GOD, among the very ablest specimens of speculative philosophy which this country has latterly ex hibited," High commendation, indeed, coming from the lips or rather from the hand, from the mind or rather from the conscience, of such a man as the late Sir William Hamilton. It is an effusion thus remarkable for its ability, that Mr. Russel, of Arnotdale, has munificently contrived to place here at once (through this edition of it) within reach of the general community. The argument therein under taken by the author of the book, is one lying at the root of all religion. It is one coming home, there 'ore, to the heart and soul of every believer alike, of the philosophical inquirer of every denomination. Les Noces de la Lune : Legends d Outre-Monde. Par le Chevalier de Chatelai n. Svc., pp. 23. Basil Montagu Pickering. Taking as his motto for this graceful poetic trifle (more than which it affects not to he) half-a-dozen lines by Theodore de Banville, the central couplet of which is simply— " Son Arne s'eleva de tout sa hauteur, Par la creation jusques au Createur " the Chevalier de Chatelain, familiar as he is with every nook and cranny of the great composite Temple of our English Literature, cannot but have been conscious, while pencilling down those six lines upon the fly-leaf of his brochure, that the couplet we have quoted above is but the feeble echo of Pope's renowned and familiar line— " And look thro' Nature up to Nature's God!" Hardly is this, however, the way to do it! Sin gularly accomplished and clever though the Cheva lier is, as we have often had occasion to indicate in these columns, we hardly care to see him playing, so to speak, a sort of poetic game of cup-and ball with the planets and their satellites. He has his purpose, as the reader will readily enough discern on running glibly through these three-and -twenty rhythmical and melo dious pages ; and that purpose, that idea which he is bent upon expressing, he does express prettily enough and humorously even be it said, through the medium of what may be called a rhyming jeux d' esprit. It may appear to the author himself probably on our part as little better than mere over-fastidious hypercriticism, when we say, but say it we must, neve rtheless, that the regions of astronomy seems to us, by reason of their su btimity, to be altogether inappropriate as a field or medium for a seriocomic jeux desprit, even though poetic in its character. The writer seems to reveal himself to us here in the very act of taking, not as having taken, but we repeat, as, in the act of taking the step hinted at by Napoleon when talking to the Abbe du Pradt after the retreat from Russia. His feet, his poetic feet that is, are upon either side of the dread boundary line. Yet, for all that, the tri fle is welcome to:us, if only for inasmuch as it is the medium of apprising us of the fact that our gifted and indefatigable author has now in the press —appropriately in anticipation of the 23d of April, 1864—his version, in French, of " Hamlet ; TrageJie en cinq actes de Shakespeare." The Manual of Dates. By George H. Townsend. London : Routledge, Warne, and Routledge. " Ti me ," according to Hooker, is the measure of the motion of the spheres." The definition is a perfectly accurate one in its peculiarly limited form. Oar clocks and watches merely record the earth's rotation on its axis; our annals register the pro gress of events according to the number of revolu tions made by this planet around the sun. If the e arth were to rotate more rapidly, our days and hours would be shortened with all the pleasures and the sorrows which they contain; if it traversed its orbit more swiftly, every year of man's , life would thereby be shortened, and our days and years might be gradually and imperceptibly abbreviated. Of course astronomers would soon find it out; but the unastronomical portion of the human race might lose a large frac tion of their time without knowing anything about it. "Geometry," says Sir William LiamiltoD, "is PRINCESS'S THEATRE, The performances under the management of Mr. Walter Montgomery at this theatre finally closed on Saturday evening with the " Lady of Lyons," and " Not a Bad Judge." Although Mr. Mont gomery retires from the cares of management, be does not quit the company engaged by Mr. George Vining for his winter season ; on the contrary, we hear a new drama is being written especially for him. In taking leave of Mr. Montgomery for a short time we heartily congratulate him on the favourable impression he has made on the play going public, and with the firm conviction that the time will yet come when he will take his stand in the metropolis as one of its best and most famous actors. ADELPHI THEATRE. The season here closed on Saturday with the benefit of Mr. B. Webster, on which occasion he appeared in perhaps his best and greatest part, viz., Triplet, in the comedy of " Masks and Faces." It is quite unnecessary to say more than that the per formance elicited the most enthusiastic applause. Mrs. Stirling, of course, represented her great cha racter of Peg Woffington. Time, in both instances, has rather mellowed than weakened the represen tation. Mr. Webstei's Triplet is one of those exquisite portraits, broad, rich, and genial, and yct at the same time full of the minutest touches, which is only the product of the most finished art ; and Mrs. Stirling's Peg is one of the most varied and charming pieces of acting ever witnessed on the metropolitan stage. At the fall of the curtain the applause was im mense, and in a few moments Mr. Webster again appeared and spoke as follows : Ladies and Gentlemen—l feel highly complimented by your presence here this evening, and at so short a notice. I did not intend to close at all, as my redecorating and painting has been going on for the last month, constantly, though imperceptibly-, in consequence, I presume, of the attention of the public having been riveted on the natural and supernatural appeaarnces on this aide the footlights but the dome obliged me to succumb to necessity, and shut my doors in the midst of most profitable receipts, You will, I am sure, be pleased to hear that the whole season has been very prosperous. Though we have been dabbling in illusions lately, this is no illusion. I perceive that since my taking out a license for spirits the whole town has been addicted to them, but I am happy to say without intem perance. As the theatre will only close for three days, 1 can scarcely call it a vacation, especially as the house will be during that time crowded with artists of every descrip tion ; but, in this instance, entirely at my expense. How ever, thanks to my patrons, I can well afford anything for your comfort and gratification ; it will be a pleasure to me. On 2huraday next I reopen my doors, with a new drama and a new actress of high American repute, who will, I am sure, receive a hearty English welcome, and, I hope, a genuine success. With a grateful sense of the past favours of many years, and a confidence in them for the future, I beg to thank you most sincerely, and, in the fashion of the day, say, a la Francais, "Au revoir !" It may be stated that the young actress from America to whom Mr. Webster alluded is Miss Bateman, the daughter of a distinguished actor in that country, and one of the two sisters who, as the " Bateman children," astonished the London public some 12 years ago. EGYPTIAN HALL, PICCADILLY. Mr. Tolbin's magnificent moving diorama of the Holy Land, Egypt, Syria, and Turkey is now at tracting all London to the Egyptian Hall, Picca dilly. The series of paintings exhibited illustrate the tour of the Prince of Wales in the East, each one being a perfect marvel of scenic art—the Holy Sepulchre, Ford of the Jordan, Nazareth, Beyrout, and the interior of a Turk's House perhaps eliciting the most rapturous applause. The enjoyment of the exhibition is heightened by the delivery of a very entertaining descriptive lecture by Mr. Arthur Matheson, selected from the writings of Sharp, Bartlett, Warburton, Xinglake, Bremer, the Rev. J. M. Bellew, &c., and also some very excellent music, both vocal and instrument. We can confi dently recommend a visit to this diorama, as it is certainly one of the best exhibitions of the ei - ,rt in the metropolis. FRANCE. BOURSE, Sept. 25.—The market has experienced considerable fluctuations during the day, and the struggle between the Bulls and Bears has been rather strong. Threes, for the Account, opened at 67f. 45c., went up to 67f. 65c., again receded to 67f. 35c., and are now at 67f. 50c. The Railway Share Market has been more steady, and prices in general remain without material change. The market closed as follows : It per Cents, 94 45 Do. end month — 3 per Cents Do. end month 67 60 Credit Mobilier 1162 50 Do, end month 1167 50 Bank Shares 3400 Credit F oncier Italian Loan 73 60 Do. end month 73 80 tie w ditto Do. end month — -- Russian Austrian .. — Spanish Threes 52 Home Debt RAIL' 'AY9. Cash. Aceotuit. Orleans lO2B 75 1025 Northern New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 1020 .. 1022 50 Geneva . 498 75 .. Southern . 725 .. 727 5 . 0 . , Western Eastern Sardinian Austrian Lombard North of Spain Saragossa 652 50 .. 652 50 Ditto to Barcelona - THE KING OF GREECE. The Journal de St. Petersbourg gives some details respecting the journey of the King of Greece. It says—" On the 21st September, the day of the ar rival of the King of Greece at the imperial resi dence of Taarskce.Selo, a grand dinner was given at the palace. On the 22d, in the afternoon, his Majesty the Emperor held a review of the garrison of Tsarskce Selo. His Majesty the King of the Greeks was present." A letter from Vilna, dated Sept. 20, says :—" To day his Majesty George 1., King of the Greek; arrived at the Vilna r ailway station on his way to St. Petersburg. His Majesty entered our city at six p.m., accompanied by Count Sponneck and two officers of the Danish navy ; he wore the costume of a Danish Admir al. General Moura vieff 11., Commander of the d istrict and of the Go vernments of Vitebsk and M ohilew, accompanied by his staff, waited upon the Kin g . At dinner the r t e King proposed the health of our august Soverei g n, whil evieff h responded national b hymn y pro k up. General Ak a _ p t o r s u i c u King, a toast which was re ceived with loud cheers . A large multitude had assem bled at the station to get a glimpse of his Majes t y ." .--- AU S T lA. s a g the health o f the " Baron d'Ecetvw3 had," it says the Europe, " au audience of the Emperor of Austria on the 18th. He represented to his Majesty, in energetic lan guage, the famine which prevails in Lower Hun gary, and solicited the Emperor to accord an advance of 750,000 th for the Alford Railway, with an allowance of 10,000 fl. for the purchase of tools. His Majesty discussed the question of the Alfold line with M. d'Ecotvco3 at some length, and ended by acceding to the request of the Baron, who retarned immediately to Pesth, where he opened on the following day t h e assembly Of the Society of Hungarian Naturalists and Physici ans, of which he is pi esident." Henry Hope, K. C.B. Death of Admiral Sir A vacancy has occurred among the flag officers° the active list by the demise of Admiral Sir Henry Hope, K.C.8., who died on Wednesday at his seat in Hampshire. The late Sir Henry Hope was eldest son of the late comm issioner, Charles Hope, by his marriage with Ann Vane, eldest daughter of Henry, first Earl of Darlington. He was born in 1787, and entered the navy in the spring of 1798 as mid shipman. He served in the Mediterranean on board the Kent, 74 (whi ch shi p c onveyed Sir Ralph Aber and also serve d a t th e blockade Ho after war d s remove d t o the c o r f o A rn l b e i x e a t n o d E ria g . yp t), Ss if enemyre , Captain Benjamin H a llowell, and was on board that ship in a desperate eugagemeni with t w hich reduc e d her to a wrec k, an d ren dered her a p rize to th e French squadron. He ob tained the r ank of li eutenant in May, 1804, and tsu served under Captain George Hope and Captain T. Masterman Hardy. The late admiral, according to O'Byrne, " won perpetual fame by his ardour in pursuing, his intrepidity in bringing to close action, and his undaunted spirit in maintaining for two hours and a half a conflict with the American ship President, of 56 guns and 465 man , who at length hauled down her colours, after a loss to herself of 35 killed and 70 wounded." Pre viously to this brilliant affair, which took place 15th January, 1815, Capt. Hope had taken the Perry, letter of marque, had also served at the blockade of New London, and had contributed, during an expe dition up the Penobscot, to the capture of the town of Castine, Ist September, 1814. On arriving with his prize at Spithead, the gallant officer was pre sented by the Admiralty lvitli a gold medal in acknowledgment of his brave conduct, and was no minated a Companion of the Order of the Bath. He was put out of commission is September, 1815, and remain e d on h a lf- pa y. H e had been aide-de-camp to William IV. and to her pre sent Majesty- In July, 1855, he was nominated a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath. His commissions bore date as follow :—Lieutenant, 3d May, 1804 ; commander, 22d January,lBo7; captain, 24th May, 1808; rear -admiral, 9th November, 1846; vice-admiral, 2d April, 1853 ; and admiral, 20th January, 1858. Mr. Mason, the late envoy of President Jefferson Davie at Louloi; is uply in Paris. the science of pure space : algebra is the science of pure time." In time and space all human beings live : they are the dimensions of our existence. And, as humanity wants nothing more than the abstract, the science of space adds to geometry geo- graphy. Similarly, chronology is a supplement to the algebra of time. As every nation has its geogra phic boundaries, so almost every race has its special epoch. The Hebrews, with unparalleled sublimity, - - start from the warld's creation ; we are now in the year 5684, according to their ;reckoning. Rome sturdily fixed the building of the city as the first day of its calendar—as if the world had nothing worth record before the great asylum arose•on the seven hills. The birth of Christ has fixed the point of departure for all Christian nations, and the flight of the false prophet for all Mohammedan. Of course he most simple and philosophical commencement would be the very beginning of humanity, if only chronologists could agree as to the precise date of this occurrence; but, as the different dates assigned vary over a period of more than 3,000 years, it is vain to attempt a chronology on this prin ciple. A" Manual of Dates," like Mr. Townsend's, is of infinite value to the author and to the student and should be on every library table. It enables a man instantaneously to verify or rectify his ideas. It is the key to history. One's recollection of a particular period, with all its prominent dramatis persona, is revivified by a single re- 'erence. You have in such a book the very essence of history and geography—ay, and even of politics because these things are inseparable from chronology. A chronological manual ought not to be an encyclor zelia, yet must in some degree partake of that character. The compiler is only bound to deal in dates, but, com passionating his readers he sometimes expands into definitions. Consequently a book of this kind is very interesting to read, apart from its value for reference ; and, as Macaulay re marked, that his favourite resource on a rainy day was Johnson's folio Dictionary, we may be for given for suggesting that Mr. Townsend's "Manual" would serve admirably for a similar purpose. It is impossible to open it any where without meeting information that the reader has either forgotten or had never known. The compilation of this work must have been immensely laborious. It contains 959 pages, of which about 40 are index. It is easier to judge the contents of such a volume from the index than from the cursory examina tion with which a reviewer must necessarily Content himself. The index is in treble columns, each column containing between 80 and 90 entries; and of these columns 171 are devoted to the statutes of England. More than six are given to sieges, from Abbassabad to Taragoga. Sea fights, from Abydos to Zuyder Zee, occupy about a column and a half. Bat tles, as might be expected, take far more space; they monopolise more than 15 columns, between Abancay and Zpyt. And here let us pause to show a collateral use of such a work as this. Let the reader honestly say whether he knows anything about the battles of Abancay or the battle Zyp—the Alpha and Omega of Mr. Townsend's series. Where were they fought? When were they fought ? Who were the commanders-in-chief ? Who beat whom ? Those pedantic examiners who puzzle the unlucky young gentlemen who are candidates for the civil service would be enabled to perplex their victims far more thoroughly by using the "Manual of Dates." There are many points in this work which deserve special commendation. Let us take the wants of the political student. He requires to refer to the Administrations of Great Britain. Under that head ing he finds them tabulated from Godolphius' in 1702 to Palmerston's second in 1859. Each is de scribed under its own special title. Take those which had queer sobriquets. There is the " Broad Bottom" Ministry, with Mr. Pelham at its head, both First Lord of the Treasury and Chancellor of the Exchequer, and seven dukes among his subordinates. There is the " Long-lived " Administration which held office for two days in 1716. There is " all thetalents"—Canning's felici tous nickname—which had in reality only one able man among its members. All these we find care fully registered by Mr. Townsend, with sufficient explanation in each ease. Indeed, if we found any fault with this book, it would be that the descrip tive or explanatory !part is more complete than could fairly be expected in a manual of chronology. This is a fault on the right side, so long as it does not lessen the number of purely chronological references which the work contains:: andlthanks,to the industry of the compiler and the liberality of the publishers, it appears to us that the number of entries is far greater than in any other chronological dictionary which we have en countered. Editorial labour has been admirably supplemented by typographic arrangement while the excellence !both of paper and type deserve nigh prise. The compilation of a work like this must have been a weary task ; but Mr. Townsend will, we hope, find some reward in the consciousness that he has furnished all who write and all who read with an invaluable and indispensable chronological manual. MOLDO-WALLACHIA, TO THE EDITOR OP " THE SUN." Sirt,—The proceedings of Prince Couza, the Hospodar of Moldo-Wallachia, having recently called forth the interfe rence of the representatives of the Great Powers at Constan tinople,it is:only natural that Englishmen,who paid co dearly for the' pacification" of the Principalities some years since, should inquire what acts of the Hospodar have provoked a remonstrance from the Great Powers. The condition of the Greek monasteries in Moldo-Wal lachia was one of those causes of domestic dissension which had furnished an excuse for foreign interference, and was, therefore, submitted to the consideration of the Conferences. These monasteries were founded at different periods within the last three or four centuries, by men who wished to provide for their compatriots and co-religionists harbours of refuge, so to speak, where they may receive religious and secular instruction, and where what remained of the learning of the East may be still preserved. Num bers of young men are brought up in these establishments, and, after having passed through a certain course of study, are sent at the expense of the institution to the different European capitals, to reap a more abundant knowledge. Considering the abnormal condition in which the Christians of the East have been placed during so many centuries, we cannot overrate the services which these monasteries have rendered to Christianity and civilization. These monasteries are constantly spoken of in despatches and public documents as the "dedicated convents,"because their founders, in the spirit of the times in which they lived, had submitted them for special purposes to a certain authority. They were for the most part dedicated to the monasteries and churches in the Holy Land, such as the Holy Sepulchre, &0., and are known collectively as the Holy Places. Between the Egumenes or heads of the Greek monas teries, and the Governments of Moldavia and Wallachia, differences have for k ome years existed ; and, in order to adjust these disputes, it was decided at the Paris Confe rences that arbitrators should be chosen by each party, and the points in dispute submitted to them. Should the arbi trators not agree, an arch arbitrator must be chosen, and if the parties interested should not be able to agree upon the choice of each arbitrator, then the Sublime Porte, in con cert with the guaranteeing Powers, was to elect such arbi trator. These conditions are laid down in the 13th Proto col of the Paris Conferences, and are alike binding on the representatives of the monasteries, the Hospodar, and the Great Powers. But how has Prince Couza acted? Unmindful of hir obligations to the guaranteeing Powers that in 1859 recog nised his double election, he has set at defiance the proto cols of the Paris Conference, he has sequestrated the re venues of the Greek monasteries, he has interdicted the use of the Greek tongue in the public worship, he has ordered the judges not to allow the advocates of the monasteries to plead their cause at the public tribunals, unless aided by the officers of the Crown ; and, finally, in the June of the present year he irsued an ordinance by which the sacred vessels, and vestments, and documents of the converts were seized. - When we remember that, some five or six years since, Prince Couza was plain Colonel Couza, and when we see him thus defying the authority of his Suzerain, the Sultan, and the Groat Powers of Europe, ono is tempted to think that his draught of kingship has been too much for his reason. When remonstrated with, he coolly declared that his sequestration of the monastic revenues was "definite." The Great Powers have expressed their determination to carry out the conditions of the 13th Protocol of the Paris Conferences,—l remain, sir, your obedient servant, A LOVER OF FREEDOM. Mr. S. H. Foley, R.A., has nearly completed an equestrian statue of Sir James Outran), a sitting statue of Sir Charles Barry, a monument in memory of the late General Bruce, and a statue of Father Mathew. He has received commissions for two statues of the Prince Consort —one for Birmingham, and another for Cambridge. tt t" r 61111 THE QUEEN IN SCOTLAND. BALMORAL, Sept. 25. The Queen, accompanied by the Princess Louis of Hesse and Princess Beatrice, and attended by Baroness Schenck, drove to the Linn of Muick. Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse dined at Abergeldie Castle, attended by their suite. The Right Hon. William Gladstone, Chancellor of the Exchequer, has succeeded Earl Russell in attendance on her Majesty. Sept. 26. The Queen, accompanied by the Princess of Wales, Princess Helena, and Princess Louise, drove to Loch Callater yesterday afternoon. Prince and Princess Lou ise of Hesse, Prince Alfred, and Prince Arthur, attended by Baroness Schenck, drove to Loch Bullig and rode back. Prince Alfred dined at Abergeldie Castle. Their Serene Highnesses the Prince and Princess Edward of Saxe-Weimar arrived in town on Saturday, from visiting the Earl and Countess of Chesterfield at Gedling Lodge, Nottinghamshire. The Prince of Sciara has left the Brunswick, Jermyn-street, for Paris. His Excellency Baron Gros will arrive at the French Embsssy to-day, to resume his diplomatic duties. The Duke of Beaufort has been receiving a select party at Troy House, Monmouthshire, during the past week. The party separated on Saturday. The Earl of Chesterfield arrived in town on Saturday from Gedling Lodge, Notts. The countess is staying at Brstby Park, Derbyshire. Lord and Lady Foley, accompanied by the Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, have arrived at Worksop Manor, Notts, from Scarborough. The Lord Chief Justice of England, Sir Alex- Cockburn, is detained in town by indifferent health, other wise the Chief Justice would have left for Scotland. 'THE KNIGHTS OF THE GARTER.—The banners and achievements of his Royal Highness Prince Alfred and the Earl Grey have just been placed by Sir C. Young, Garter, In St. George's Chapel, 'Windsor. It is understood that there are now two stalls vacant by the deaths of the Marquis of Lansdowne and the Marquis of Normanby. THE HEALTH OF THE ARCHBISHOP OF DUBLIN. —His grace slept a good deal on Saturday morning. In the early part of the night he was restless. In other respects there is no change. ThE SHAKSP BARE TERCENTENARY.—This week's additions to the National Shakepeare Committee show that the proposal to do honour to Shakspeare's memory is steadily gaining favour in the three chief capi tals of the Unitsd Kingdom. From Edinburgh the Lord Provost sends in his adhesion; the Rev. J. R. Ingram, LL.D., is the newest representative of the sentiment ani mating Ireland ; and the accession of Mr. Alderman Besley to the Committee indicates the feeling of the City of Lon don. The Rev. Canon Miller, D.D., the Rev. John Stroughton, W. Henry Blaauw, Esq., and Dudley Costello, Esq., have also enrolled themselves amongst the promoters of the movement.—.4thenceum. THE ORIGIN OF MASANIELLO."—" The cele brated Bigottini, the Marie Taglioni of the first Empire,' made her supposed last appearance for some charitable purpose at the Grand Opera in Paris in 1826. The general enthusiasm was enormous, and, of all specta tors, Scribe was the most ardent admirer. He then be thought himself whether he could not write something for her in which her wonderful mimic pcwers might appear in a still more brilliant light; and thus came to make the heroine of a new libretto entirely dumb, so that all her sentiments and emotions must be expressed solely by her face and movements. Auber surpassed himself in the music." THE TEMPLE CHURCH, the exterior of which is greatly improved by the addition of the conical roof to the " round," is having other improvements extended to the interior in the way of decorations. It is expected that these works will be completed, and the church re-opened on Sunday next, the 4th proximo. THE CITY SHERIFFS.—Messrs. Nissen and Cave, the City sheriffs for the ensuing year, were sworn into office to-day, in the Guildhall, before the Lord Mayor and Court of Alderman. The eighth season of the Royal English Opera, Covent Garden, under the management of Miss Louisa Pyne and Mr. W. Harrison, will commence on Monday, October 12. A new opera, by Mr. W. V. Wallace, entitled " The Desert Flower," will be produced. JEAMES ON THE CONTINENT. —They keep early hours at Frankfort. My first night there, I thought that, after an early supper, I would go out and see the town. However I discovered, at an incredibly early hour for a large city, that there was no town, that the town had shut up and gone to bed. Returning disconsolately to my hotel, I was struck by a majestic figure, placidly standing before the gate. For a moment I was uncertain, but then the truth flashed upon my mind—that look of calm superiority, that unruffled equanimity, those fixed features, that ele gantly-turned calf, it was, it must be—The British Flunkey. Meeting on foreign soil, I addressed some remarks to him. The magnificent creature deigned an affable response: " You are in service here ?" " With Lady ," was the answer. " Where have you been travelling ?" " Don't know." "What is the name of the city where you are now ?" "Don't know." With feelings of deep awe, I respectfully wished him good night.— From London 'Society for October. AMERICAN MAIL STEAMERS DUE AT LIVERPOOL Tuts WEEK.—The City of New York, from New York on the 19th, and the Nova Scotian from Quebec, on the same day are both due to-morrow (Tuesday) ; the former at Queenstown, and the latter at Greencastle. The Cunard steamer Scotia is due at Queenstown on Friday afternoon next, with dates from New York to the 23d inst. RENEWAL OF GARROTTING. —On Saturday morn ing, about three o'clock, a most cowardly and sav age attack was made by three men upon a young man named Joseph De Marooff, a printer, in the employ of Messrs. Elliot, of New Oxford-street. It appears that he was returning home from his work about the above-men tioned hour that morning, and when in the neighbourhood of Coal-yard, Drury-lane, three men rushed out of a pas sage, and immediately afterwards Marooff felt himself seized by the back of the neck by a man, who nearly strangled him ; in addition to this, another of the men hit him a tremendous blow in the abdomen,which deprived the victim of his senses. On recovering he found he had been robbed of all the money in his possession, some 30s. ; at the same time his coat and waistcoat were torn to rags. Information of the outrage was given to the police. It was noticed by Marooff that one of the men concerned was blind of one eye. THE CIRCULATION OF FRENCH CLASSIC LITERA TURE.—The following curious statistical items, respecting the number of editions issued of the French Classics in France, are taken from the authentic in formation furnished to the " Commission of Literary and Artistic Property," by M. Inshaus, late Directeur de l'lm primerie et de la Librairie. From 1714 to 1840 the separate works of Voltaire reached the high figure of 428 editions ; while of the complete works, in P ranee, England, and Hol land, the editions were 61. From 1810 to 1862 the average number of the partial editions of Voltaire's tragedies or historidal works is 100 ; but of complete editions only three or four have appeared during that p e riod. The editions of Corneille's chef d' wuvres are ionumerable ; but of complete or selected editions only fifty editions were issued up to 1830. Of the " Theotre Classique" of Racine 25,000 copies are annually struck off. His separate works have, up to 1835, been prileted in 48 library editions—his complete works in about 70. Moliere's " Classical Theatre" appeared in 20,000 copies avrsuallY ; his separate works in 70, and his complete works in 150 edi tions. Crebillon's separate tragedies were issued in about 15 editions, the oldest of which dates from 1707 Da‘`. 4B 'S reached 25 or 30, The complete works of Crebillonhad 35 trdi. tions, and those of Dacia 20. Of " Telemaque" there are printed about 10,000 copies a year. From 1700 to 1830 n o less than 95 editions, som e of great value, were iss ued. Some copies are sold at about 2,000 f. Massillon's works. comprising all his sermons, have had about 25 editions. Of his " Peit eareme," his separate sermons, and some of his funeral orations there are issued about 5,000 or 6,000 cop:oe annually. Montesquie's " Grandeur it Decadence dest Romains," which went through four editions during his lifetime, has had about 30 since his death, and an immense number of copies are struck off annually. The " Esprit des Lois" cut through 20 editions with an enormous number of copies ; the " Lettres Persannes" had 25, the miscel laneous works 30, and the complete works 35 editions. The complete works of Pascal have only had 10 edi tions ; but certain illustrations have considerably added to their sale. From 1710 to 1835 the " Pensees" went through ten editions ; and since then they have gone through 10 or 12. Ihe " Lettres Provinciales" hart about 40 editions, besides the 12 editions of the Latin trans lotion, the first of which dates 1658. The dramas of Beau marchais have produced, separately, 40 editions. His select works had about seven or eight, and his complete works about 15. La Sage's novels had 100 editions, including th e e Spanish, Portuguese , and other translations. His throu gh t h e atr went through 40 , and his select or com p lete works 10 or 12. The different philosophical, political, literati, and other works of Rosscau have gone through about 185 ecli have thus tions, including the translations. His complete or selected works went through from 60 to 65 editions. Florian' Fables, mostly stereotyped and with illustrations, have had more than 130 editions. Lafontaine 's Fables, with about 10 editions every year for the last 200 years, reached the figure of about 2,000. Of the Coutes there have appeared nearly 50 editions of real value. The piracies) with or without engravings, are innunnrable, -4 r