The Sun. — London, England, 1864-06-23 00:00:00

Volun tefi ;owe Park, Yesterday a N e oluntser Review, exceedingly pic turesque in char acter, and successful in all its de tails, was held at Stowe-park, the seat of his Grace the Duke of But. kingham. The total number of troops present did .not in the aggregate exceed 4,500, but the display waei remarkable beyond its many predeoessors by the large force of cavalry taking part in the evolutions, and by the fact that a sug gestion more than once put forward in The Sun, that Yeomanry might mingle advantageously with Volunteers at such reviews, was carried into opera tion with the happiest results. The park, compris ing within its available area about 1,300 acres, made one of the noblest review grounds yet placed at the disposal of the Volunteers. Its formation permitted the troops, over a circuit of some two or three miles, to be kept continually in sight of the spectators, and the surface of the ground was so beautifully even that, although cavalry and artil lery charges were frequent and rapid, not a single accident was reported as having occurred. Con trary to the usual practice, according to which the commencement of Volunteer reviews is often post. poned till the shades of evening are settling down upon the scene, the assembling of the troops was fixed for a very early hour ; the original proposal being, in fact, that the first gun should fire, not in the afternoon, but before 12 o'clock. The directors of the Oxford, Buckingham, and Bletchley Rail way, having regard to this fact, and also to the cir cumstance that theirs is but a single line, made up their minds to suspend all the ordinary traffic and to run none bat special trains—an arrangement no doubt convenient to neighbouring Volunteers and residents, but attended with obvious drawbacks to sight-seers from a distance who placed their depen dence upon " Bradshaw." According to thi s guide a choice of two trains, one at the early hour of 6.30 a.m. and one at 11 o'clock, was open to the public desirous of proceeding to Bucking ham, but, for those who acted upon the faith of this information, the company might as well have fol lowed the American example and torn up the rail way. A trainfall of disappointed passengers was duly deposited upon the platform of Winslow junc tion at 12 35, in abundant time to proceed to the review, but there were no carriages to take them on. The special trains had gone off hours before to give the local public a good long day at Stowe, and, in stead of returning for additional passengers, they acted in the spirit of Mr. Gladstone's suggestion about our transports in the Crimea, and " waited till the fight was over to bring them back again." As regarded the passengers who had put their trust in " Bradshaw," there were two courses open to them—one to give up the review altogether, and the other to walk to Stowe, a distance of 11 miles, not a horse or vehicle of any kind being procurable in the district on any terms. What made the matter additionally provoking was that a special train con veying the railway staff to Buckingham was actually in the station while the train from Bletch ley was waiting for admittance outside, and could, if detained a few seconds, have carried on the whole party with the greatest ease. The magnificent avenue along which the approach lies to the scene of the review from the town of Buckingham in its general character very much re- Bembles the Long-walk at Windsor. The rolling nature of the country interrupts the line of sight and dispels in this case the disheartening impression produced upon the pedestrian at Windsor, where every step seems to repel instead of bring nearer the equestrian statue in the distance. But in actual measarement there cannot be any great difference between the two approsehes. The parallel lines of tree end with an arch, constituting the great gate of S: - owe, and passing through this the specta tor finds himself gazing on an exquisite pano- Tama of grassy kno:ls and valleys, wooded uplands, dotted here and there with miniature lakes. The ground was kept in the most admirable manner by detachments of the Buckinghamshire, Oxford, and Northamptonshire police, whose task was facilitated by a very simple arrangement, which may be com mended to the notice of the Department of Works. It consisted in a few stakes planted in the ground at long intervals and connected by a strip of wire, drawn " taut," as sailors would say, by an ordinary farm engine. An effectual restraint is thne imposed upon the spectators, at the same time that all fiti.- getting as to an imaginary boundary line is obviated. Those gradual encroachments and sudden repulses, regarded hitherto as inevitable incidents of " keen ing the ground," were entirely avoided. The grand stand, moreover, within which the elite of the county found accommodation, was a structure very much in advance of the ordinary type at Volunteer re views. Tne force upon the ground was divided into two bodies of nearly equal strength, the attacking force, stationed, in the first instance, at Home Farm hill, being under the command of Colonel Erskine, C. 8.; while the defending force, posted at Obelisk hill, was under the personal direction of Colonel 14I'Murdo, C. 8., who commanded in chief. Lieute nant-Colonel North, M.P., filled the post of Briga dier-General to the former gallant officer, and Lord Ranelagh acted in the same capacity towards Col. M‘Murdo. The divisions respectively were composed as follows : the Duke of Manchester's cavalry swept down on the squares and endeavoured to carry off the artil lery. In this attempt he was defeated, and Lord Ranelagh, continuing the movement from the point where it had been interrupted, was successful in making further progress towards the point at which the defenders from the first intended to make their final stand. Just at this moment the Buckingham shire Yeomanry in close column of troops, with the Hon. Artillery Company following in the rear, passed suddenly to the front, deployed on the centre squadron, and charged the whole line of the attacking party, which naturally formed squares to resist the onset. Suddenly the two wings of the cavalry force wheeled outwards, retired round the flanksof Lord Ranelagh's force, thereby unmasking the guns which had followed in their rear, and these _ _ had now an opportunity of playing with destruc tive effect upon the hostile infantry still in their formation of squares. Lord Ranelagh ultimately placed his line with its right resting on a fort, per manently erected within the demesne, in which were two 9-pounders and four 6 -pounders; and, as this accession of strength was more than sufficient to redress the inequality of artillery force from which the defenders had previously suffered, the attacking party were obliged to desist from their operations. The proceedings closed with a march past on the part of all the troops, and with a trot and gallop by the cavalry and artillery. In speaking of the per formances of the latter branch separate mention has not been made of the artillery troop belonging to the Buckinghamshire Cavalry, because this was attached to and worked with the Hon. Artillery Company, and, except at very close quarters, when it was seen that they adhered to the old artillery dress with its five rows of buttons, it was nearly im• possible to distinguish one from the other. It is right, however, to add that among the surprises which the provinces have this year prepared for the metropolis in matters connected with volunteering, the appearance and efficiency of this corps must be ranked. It used to be supposed that the flying bat teries of the Hon. Artillery Company were unique of their kind, but the Buckinghamshire Artillery are by no means unworthy rivals, though lacking some of the style of the older regiment. The entire Yeomanry Corps looked to great advantage; the men were well mounted, and had enjoyed the bene fit of several days continuous drill. Of the different infantry corps it is enough to say that they frilly sustained the reputation of that service. The display as a whole was highly successful. The weather, with the exception of one smart shower, was ;all that could be desired, and as the assembly left the ground there seemed to be but one pervading sentiment —that of gratification at the liberality shown by the Duke of Buckingham and at the skill with which the manoeuvres from first to last were conducted by Colonel M'Murdo and the force under his command. _ - The Shoeburyness Competitive Trials, After so much trying work, though not the less ,nteresting, we have at last come to one of the comic ncidents naturally inherent to all competitions. When the parallelograms were brought forward, and communicated to the two competitors, the com parison was entirely founded on the methods of points described in last week's notice, whereby the Whitworth gun had a slight advantage over the shunt Armstrong, while the breech-loader was dis tanced by both. Then, we have every reason to believe that, in a certain quarter, the tables were well received, it was a triumph. But it so happened hat—led on by our sense of duty, and by a strong doubt as to the validity of such a method, far it must obviously disguise when it does not faithfully convey the truth cf the case—we took two quite distinct lines for own independent investigation, and thereby came to a very different conclusion as to the order in which the guns stand by reason of the parallelograms. Taking the mean ranges as they are at present erroneously calculated, we made up the areas, and then their sum for each sort of ammunition, and each separate gun determined the order of merit in the minor categories of common shell, solid shot, and segment shell. It followed that, by adding for each gun its three category areas, WO were sure of obtaining a correct measure ment of their performances, the greatest surface repr:!senting the least merit. Moreover, we deter mined on proving this method by a third plan, viz , that of enclosing the fractional areas of every degree into the largest amongst them for each kind of prow jectile, thus taking the greatest surface as the expression of the highest degree of erraticity possible for each, when firing one particular ammunition. The result confirmed that of the second method, placing the breech-loader first, the shunt second, and the Whitworth third ; and consequently, apart from the appearance both these methods carry along with them, as to logical soundness, there is indeed good reason to abide by their conclusions. The num bers arising from these modes were not given by us, out of regard to the calculations which might be car ried on by the special committee ; but the facts they establish were, we trust, explained clearly enough in our columns of last Wednesday. "When this be came known, that same party who had rejoiced at the order of merit first established, and found nothing to say against the parallelograms, as they were given, immediately turned round upon them, and altogether repudiated their correctness. On the ground of the mode pursued for fixing the e range, this determinati on i s no t untenab' -``eon the mean "proper" might bear or- ' though order of merit. Obj ec ti on may • -• last the same the use of a mean range - - even be token ag a inst green of error. Be .c all tee determine the de rate, subject le- .tus as tt may, we h ave, at any ~ a warm debete, which, b es id es cans iug merri' Acne, may event ua ll y t urn out very useful with . regard to the scientific points it will necessarily ering ander the notice of the committee. What, however, we sincerely regret is the feeling shown towards the principal originator of this change in the reading of the parallelograms. In the discharge of our duty we have never looked forward to the approbation of one rival more than of the other; but to the gratification that springs from the ac knowledgment of our doing the country gm' ser vice. Nevertheless, we can only deplore the feeling which would either smother or corrupt public opinion, and which then requites impartiality with a penalty of childish sulkiness. Exception is taken to the finding of the paral lelograms on two grounds—viz., that, firstly, the breechloader was known t o fi re unsat i sfactorily, wheref ore it cannot stand ahead of the Whitworth ; and secondi Y, that the flatness of the trajectory being more mark e d le the hexagonal than in either of the other two ce rep e titive guns, it m us t necessar il y fol . lo n w gr that than those of the f ormer w ill b e o the latter. When ce , cons id er i ng longer n the those of the influence exercised by such desirable flatness en the question of accuracy, it is obvious that the method of drawing out areas of com parative error on the horizontal plane, is radicall y d efective for the deter mination-nlgoaedaecrcuwraascyfo2u' found inferior in its firing of" Now, in the first,place, the steel breech-loader chiefly as compared to that of the service wrought iron soil 12 p oun d e r. It is in this se nse p t r h a ttt i ebeot ofh officers and m en , w ho were used to the et the latter, compl a ined of that made by t h e former. On exami n i ng into t h e cause s of this relative inferiority, we soon attributed it to the steel block not expanding under pressure, in the same w ay as the wrought iron coil; and though this reason was not accepted at the time it was given, yet it has proved true, and it is pleaded in extenuation of the first performances made with the breech-loader. In relation to the other guns, this unforeseen defect of non-expansion, by increasing the disadvantages due to lower initial velocity, as well as to the greater elevation required for target prectice, naturally tended to that of the other two guns ; in fact, wita regard to the number of times it loses, its position of rank is the worst in all three classes of the pro jectiles used. But what retrieves the breech loader is its greater regularity in point of erraticity ; thus, the sum of the areas made with comuion shell by the breech loader is about 85 times greater than the smallest amongst them ; while for the Whitworth the total is about 1,520 times; and for the shunt 125 times greater than their respectively least sur face. With solid shot, the sum of the measurements of each gun taken separately is equal to about 81 times the least amongst them: in the case of the breech loader it is likewise equal to 81 times its own minimum area for the Whitworth, and equal to 215 ATTACKING FORCE. Ist Administrative Brigade Middlesex Artillery—Lieute nant-Colonel H. Creed, six guns. let Huntingdonshire Light Horse—the Duke of 31anches ter. Bucks (Taplow) Yeomanry Cavalry—Captain Nathaniel Grace Lambert. Ist Administrative Battalion Buckinghamshire Rifle Violuateer3, 5t4 Lincolnshire, 21 Adrninistrati - re Battalion Cambridge, and 15th Glocester and 17th Worcester—Lieu tenant-Colonel the Hon. P. Barrington. 19th and 23d Surrey and 47th Middlesex Rifle Volunteer Corps—Major V. H. Labrow. let Administrative Battalion Oxford and Ist Adminis tration Battalion Warwick—Major J. W. C. Hartopp. DEPENDIXG FORCE. guns 'lion. Artillery Company— Capt a i n W. C. Jay gun 'H s—C aptorse Araintillery Home sT. Kof Royal Bu cks Yeomanry Ca;al-ry—,2 . Royal Bucks Yeomanry Caval r y the Duke of Buckingham and Cl , . dbcio l:ieutenant-Colonel 2d South Middlesex Rifles. Ist Admistratire Battalion Hertfordshire —Ca ptain, J. S, Gape. let Administrat'Al Battalion Bedfordshire---Li eute ColaColonelna , stin- nant es let Adml7l.. Russell. istrative Battalion Northamptonshire—Lie u . tenant-C`Jionel the Duke of Grafton. Be`e.tdes the above, there was present a newly rr.sed corps of Oxford Light Horse, of promising appearance. It did not take any part in the pro ceedings, but assisted in keeping the ground. The review commenced about 2 o'clock, when a body of the Backs Yeomanry Cavalry were pushed out on the part of the defenders to ascertain the strength of their antagonists, who soon presented such a front, and made such practice from their four 9 pounder and two 18 pounder guns, that the 'Yeo manry, although supported by the light field-pieces of the Hon, Artillery Company, were forced to re tire. The skirmishers of their body, who had dis mounted like the old Dragoons to fight more at their ease, were the first to retire, and then the squadrons relieved each other alternately. Whilst this movement was being executed the guns of the Han. Artillery Company made two spirited dashes at the enemy, rushing up at full gal lop to short range, firing, and then retreating again before the heavy guns could be trained upon them. C.A. Erskine meanwhile led on an advance of his forces in line covered by skirmishers, shook the dee fenders out of their originally strong position, and forced their cavalry to retire for shelter behind the infantry. The Duke of Manchester's Horse, on the attacking aide, now had m atters entirely their own way, and so warmly did they enter into the spirit of the fray that whatever was for th e time opposed to them, infantry or cavalry, it seemed much as the riders could do to prevent their chargers from daShing in among them. The south Middlesex and 20th Middlesex, acting together as a battalion, checked the advance of the cava!ry for a time, but it soon became evident that the defenders must give way still further. Swinging room upon the Greed Sand as a pivot, they accordingly showed front in a new direction, their right resting upon the Grand Stand, their left upon the garden wall, and the in termediate line extending right across the plateau, giving the spectators a fine view of the proceedings which followed. Further maeceavring, leading to a further retreat, eneu. d, and white the blttalions were in the act of retiring, and , vere Will en echelon, times for the shunt. With segment shell the total sum for the breech loader is about 99 times its mini- mum area in this category. For the Whitworth it is 330 times ; while for the shunt the sum of its own areas is no less than 700 times the smallest amongst them. The superior tendency to regularity which we thus find existing in the practice of the breech loading gun fully accounts, in our mind, for the advantage it ultimately gains, and for the anomaly that we meet in its losing more frequently than gaining, when its parallelograms are taken in detail, and yet coming out foremost of all when the areas are summed up. As a proof we are not wrong in entertaining this opinion we need only examine the amount of difference that passes between the smal lest surface of error and the largest, for each gun and each projectile separately. We then find that with common shell the breech loader makes a maxi mum surface equal to about 29 times the minimum, the Whitworth makes the former 450 times larger than the latter, while the greatest of the shunt mea sures 50 times its smallest. With solid shot the breech loader attains a maximum area 13 times greater, the Whitworth 21, and the shunt 68 times larger than their respective minumum area. With segment shell the breech loader's maximum error is about 21 times its least, the Whitworth's 78, while the shunt's largest rises to not less than 200 times the smallest area it can show with this projectile. Here again we have numbers which speak for them selves, and though the method may be novel yet we trust its operations, as well as its conclusions, may appear clear enough to confirm our views of tt , ,e case, and explain how it is that the sums of the parallelograms assign the least amount of error to the breech loader, though it did certainly lose much more frequently than either of the other two com petitive guns in detail. Thus, by the method of com paring the minimum area to the total sum for each category of ammunition and each gun, be it well understood that the co-efficients are, for the breech loader, 85, 81, 99 ; for the Whitworth, 1,520, 81, 330 ; and for the shunt, 125, 215, 700 ; the sum of the first being 265, of the second 1,931, and of the third 1,040. By the second method of comparing the largest to the smallest area for each gun and projectile used, we End that the co-efficients are for the breech loader 29, 13, 21; for the hexagonal 450, 21, 78; and for the Armstrong muzzle loader 50, 68, 200; the sum of the first being 63, that of the second 549, and that of the third 318. These details may at first sight seem elaborate and uninteresting, but we feel sure that the question is of itself so popular, the liability to be misled by specious arguments so great, and the interests involved in the choice which public opinion may help in making so vital to the country, that we could not hesitate entering into such explanations, though endeavouring all the while to render them in the best shape to convey persuasion, and captivate the attention of our readers. have decided on rejecting or on admitting It, we must keep it in abeyance. The difficulty that has arisen with regard to this practice is due to some irregularity in the bursting charges made use of for the shrapnels. Thee° experiments do not sup pose one cognisant of the distance at which the shell bursts from the line of troops they are fired at, in which case it might be possible to modify the charges according to circumstances. Their main object is to ascertain what the effect of the rival shells would be should their explosion chance to take place at the stated distances, very properly supposing that the range had been mistaken from 10 to 100 yards nearly. In the course of this target practice, ever since it began, shells have frequently burst at the muzzle of the Armstrong gun. Naturally such rounds had to be gone over again, for the object of getting the same number of hits out of each field-piece; but the fact of the shell bursting easily at the muzzle is far more serious than the stripping off of the lead in the case of the breech-loader, and of which we have heard so many complaints. When firing time fuzes we remarked and noticed the premature exploding of shells from the shunt ; the cause of this has been attended to, and apparently with success, in a slight but most important rearrangement in the external part of the fuze. Now, however, it is through the concussion fuzes that this evil arises. It is thought that the shells broke up occasionally in the bore, but experiments have proved this fear to be un founded. At present it is imagined that the dry wad which Sir W. Armstrong introduced at an advanced period of these competitive trials may, by being forced between the surface of the bore and that of the shell, cause a sudden jerk, as the prin ciple of the shunt rifling comes into play. Tiis is quite suggests an improv emen t i n t h e wad front face with a resisting disc. by possible, lining and it s Bat we should not be surprised if the jerk were caused by the grooves haring been deprived of their perfect form in consequence of the great number of rounds they have bad to go through. Be this as it may, no such thing should happen, no more than it does in either the Whitworth or the breech-loader. —Telegraph. The Royal Military Adademy, Woolwich. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge yesterday attended at Woolwich in his capacity as President of the Council of Education and Governor of the Royal Military Academy, and distributed the midsummer prizes to the Gentlemen Cadets of the establishment. The Duke, who was attended by Colonel the Hon. R. W. Penn Curzon, Grena dier Guards, aideedeecamp, entered he garrison soon after 10 a.m., and was received within the grounds of the Academy by the Lieutenant -Governor Commandant, Major General Sandham, R.E., Colonel Ycrke, and Lieutenant- Colonel Gibb, Second Commandant and Inspector, and Assistant-Inspector of Studies, and the entire Staff, to gether with the company of Gentleman Cadets, drawn out under arms, 210 in number, and the full regimental band of the Royal Artillery. The usual salute, hoisting the Royal standard, and "God save the Queen," having been gone through, the Duke was joined by a brilliant Staff of general officers from the Horse Guards and others, among whom were General Sir John Burgoyne, G.C.8., Director of Works—Major -General Blomfield, Inspector- General Royal Artillery—Colonel Gambier, Adjutant- General Royal Artillery —Colonel Chapman, C. 8., Deputy Adjutant-General Royal Engineers—General Sir George Pollock, G,C.8., Commandant of the C Brigade, wearing the " Star of In dia" — Lieutenant-General Sir Harry Jones, G.C.8., Governor of Sandhurst—Major -General Ward; C. 8., Commandant, and the garrison Staff of Woolwich—Major -General Hamilton and Sir Fre ierick Abbott, the Vice-President, and one of the members of the Council, and many others. Dr. Eden, Bishop of Moray and Ross, whose son is a pupil in the Academy, and Sir Thomas Head, were also present, Soon after his arriving on parade, the Duke commenced an inspection of the company, in which he was accompanied by the officers abovenamed. After marching past in slow and quick time, in command of teolonel Yorke, they changed front by the wheel, countermarched by subdivisions round the centre, and marched past in quarter distance columns, formed on the original ground, and deployed on the front company; wheeled in open column, left in front, and formed line on the leading company; charged front on central com pany, formed square, re-formed column, and opened out to wheeling distance from the front, left wheel into line, and fired at 200 yards. The drills were commanded by Gentle men Cadets Macdonald, Georges, and Greenstreet, and, as remarked by the Duke, without a mistake. Hie royal high ness then called upon Mr Tiede] to prove the company, which ho did by close sections, subdivisions, and forming in fours. The tompt.ny then drew up at the grand entrance to the weed?nky, where in conae4uent, of the tinenes's of the weather, the prizes were latd rat on a table for distribution. The Duke and staff in the meantime proceeded to an lust:se • ion of the drawings of the cadets dttrir g thop;st h a lf-y ear, and on their return Major-Get. Hamilton read the report of the council, in which they stated they ;lad the honour to submit to b_is royal highness ;fie result of the examination they had recently teid for alvarding commis ions in the Royal A rtillery and Royal Engineers. There being 56 can didates on this occasion, and it having been decided that one-third of that number shokid be appointed to the Royal Engineers,the names of 19 geetlemen cadets first in order of merit, of thos e who skated to be comm i ss i oned, if possible, in that co r p s , are reported inth e re t urns i n the usual man ner. The rep ort expressed fpprobation to his royal high. msLess) D',) to the result of the exam i nation of the council, Lie ..l, they pronounced satis'actory, both as shown by the nigh marks gained, and by th e fact that no gentleman cadet has failed. Then followed the reading, by Col. Yorke, of the follow ing report of the lieutenant tovcrnor :-- "Royal Military A3ademy, Woolwich, June 22. " Sir,---I have the honouree reportto your royal highness that the gentlemen cadets )f the first class who from the results of the recent examination have been reported quali fied for commissions by the Council of Military Education are equally qualified in cmduct, military exercises, and discipline. "The monthly returns of this term show that the emula tion and exertion in the clasie s so favourably reported upon at the end of the last term his in no way relaxed. "The results of the exanailation of the junior classes on the whole are favourable, alhough the examining master has reported that among thel ast j oined cadets he has foun d a want of correctness and eractitude in working by loga rithms, and in the solution f arithmetical an d algebraical questions. In the next instance, it is a serious mistake to mix up flatness of trajectory with "range ►.ccu racy," because, on reflection, one cannot fail to see that they are, and must ever remain, entirely inde. pendent the one of the other. In fact, if the flat ness of trajectory had anything to do in the crea tion of inaccuracy, then we should see the parallelo grams getting longer as the angle of elevation diminishes, and, vice versa, shorter as the angle of fall increases. In mortar practice we have extreme curvature, yet we have bad parallelograms, in smooth-bore practice, where we have flat trajecto ries, the parallelograms greatly improve; with rifle guns the trajectories improve still more, while the surfaces of error sink down into comparative insige nificance. A glance at the Plate E, in the report on ordnance, fully sets this matter at rest. On the contrary, far from the flatness of trajectory inter fering with accuracy, it diminishes inaccuracy, for the simple reason that deviating itfluences have less action as the time of flight is shortened, or the , angle of fall is lessened. That, in point of fact, swiftness is an element favourable to the probabili ties of hitting is well known; indeed round shot at high velocities and two trajectories give better results than when fired at low velocities, and con sequently with higher trajectories to attain a given range. We cannot therefore see the wisdom of questioning the merits of low trajectories by attri buting to them an evil influence on the length of parallelograms, when we know that they are pur poiely sought not only on account of their late portance es a means ot partly making up for the i mpoasibility of correctly estimating distances, but also in eiew o: the greater chances they give with regard to accuracy in all respecte. It; how ever, independently of these considerations, ac curacy, as it is asserted, should be determined by firing exclusively at vertical planes, where low trajectories are not supposed to be harmful, then surely it is tacitly felt that the latter cannot affect the results attained on the hosizontal plane. The causes which do really affect regularity of fire in rifle guns are many, and it is to them that reference should be made for the object of ur' standing and explaining the reasons why worth gun does not stand out sat;- parallelograms. Firstly, the whereby the front lay fore those of the ~rr9 Whit .aractorily in the position of the vent, ~rs of powder are ignited be g-ear, giving a too immediate rise -a the projectile. Secondly, the shape of ..ore, which does not surround the cartridge with the closeness of a cylinder. It follows that, through these causes, the density of the gases is very liable to vary from one shot to another, to the prejudice of a constant initial velocity. Thirdly, the smallness of the cross section area entails the necessity of greatly increasing the length of the projectile for shell purposes ; this adds to the sur face, on which the vertical component of resistance, which is due to the air, acts ; and thereby submits the projectile more fully than otherwise to the dis turbing effects that spring from variations of mimosa pherical pressure. These causes, two internal and one external, are of themselves sufficient to cause serious fluctuations in the height of the trajectory, and thereby to considerably modify the ranges, par tfcularly when firing at high elevations. In the shunt Armstrong the density of the gases will not be to an equal extent .fable to oscillate, and thence the initial velocity will depart less from its norms' amount. Moreover, the projectiles having d greater sectional area, their length is shorter, the difference between the solid shot and the shell is reduced to smaller proportions, and these peculiarities must necessarily suffice to give the vertical component of the resistance to flight less disturbing power. The height of the trajectory will, therefore, fluctuate within narrower limits than in the case of the Whitworth, and thus more regularity will be obtained for the ranges. Bat. in the breech loader, the retardation to motion due to the slugging of the shot contributes in the most efficient way to keep the gases from acquiring various various degrees of density. The layers are furthermore ignited from the rear to the front, whereby altoge ther the volume within which the gases expand prior to sensible motion is reduced to a minimum, and so guarded from variation that it may practi• cally be considered constant. It follows that this latter gun will naturally possess great regularity of ranges, and in this respect —we mean that of range accuracy —will stand ahead of its rivals. It also follows that the Whitworth will be endowed with the greatest amount of irregularity, especially at shell practice; while the shunt will take an in termediate position. This is the very order in which I the gunsstand, in accordance with the total area of the parallelograms. So far, then, practice agrees entirely with the conclusions we should have been led to infer from an accurate examination of the conditions we have just referred to. tio Da o was s g the ear firstried fouonwritdhaytshoof ~t i h o e . pl a a u s n t aweersektoprtahce extent of 90 rounds each, and 3 and 6 degrees. The accuracy of these guns was beautiful, the shots falling much about the same spot. The shunt seemed ahead of the breech -loader by about 200 yards; while the Whitworth at three degrees had the best by about 60 to 70 yards. On Tuesday the old 12 -pounders were fired for 10 rounds each at 15 degrees elevation, the Whitworth gun attaining nearly 5,000 yards range. The prac tice at 800 yards, through screens so placed as to explode the shell at 10, 25, 50, and 100 yards dis tance from the line of tar ge t s, at two series of The hei re ght s s ul fr t was, ornt we believe, h egronn was Boxer's shrapnel; but until the committee. %shall :o motion ;he 1- "I cannot report too higlly of the attention and zeal ex hibited by the officers, the Irofessors, masters, and military instructors connected with e very b ranch of study, an d o f th e officers, the responsible and subdivision under officers, on whom the discipline so maticially depends; the duties have been carried out by them with firmness and judgment, and their example and manner have tended much to uphold a military and satisfactory bearing among the cadets them selves. " The drills, gymnastic; and riding have been carried out as fully as time could be devoted to those exercises. " I have the honour to be, Sir, your Royal Highness's most obedient hu table servant, "H, EANDHAM, General, Royal Engineers, Lieutenant- Governor," His ROYAL HIGHNESS then addressed the assembled com pany, and informed them that ho was exceedingly pleaded with the result of his visit, He hal no cause now, he said, to find fr.ult, but, on the contrary, he had manifest proof that they had profited by the wholesale advice which he gave them on a former occasion, They would never regret their observance of good order and discipline in the outset of their career in a military life, especially while under pro bation in this important institution. "You have," ho added, " been well guided, and you hare acted up to your guidance with spirit and emulation. As I have so often repeated, the times in which we live are eminently scientific, and it be hoves you all to be on ycur guard. Some of you are not so forward as I could wish. I would counsel those not to relax, but to make up for lost time, which can be done by steady application and perseverance. I am sorry there are no com missions vacant, This is one of the inconveniences you will have to bear. You .will have to wait a short time, and although I cannot enter into explanations I have reason to believe that you will nut have to wait long. You can make that a period of scientific research and study, and the time may be well and profitably employed." The return of the Gentlemen Cadets recommended by the Lieut.-Governor of the Academy as deserving rewards and prizes for exemplary conduct and acquirements was then placed in his Royal Highness's hands, and the prizes were awarded accordingly. Mr Menzies received a regulation sword; Mr George the Pollock gold medal, which the duke requested Sir Geo. Pollock himself to place in the recipient's r hands. Then followed the delivery of the prizes, according to the following list of names, each of those named receiv ing an elegantly bound book, a microscope, barometer, telescope, or case of instruments :--Mr Macdonald (two prizes), Mr James (two prizes), Mr Dodsworth, Mr Nichol son, Mr Alexander, Mr Chadwick, Mr Awdry, Mr Boyce, MrPulford, MrWashington, Mr Hart, Mr Jacob, Mr Taub man (one prize each), Mr Beresford (two prizes), and Mr Hildyard (one prize). His Royal Highness then expressed his intention of taking a small class for examination in Ger man, and retired to one of the class rooms for that purpose. A squad proceeded to the school of arms, and awaited the duke's arrival to go through a course of athletic sports, and the remainder of the company broke up and dispersed. His Royal Highness thereupon returned to London, to be in attendance at her Majesty's Levee. Persons in debt may obtain instant protection against imprisonment or seizure of their goods, and an entire release from all debts and liabilities without publicity, by application to Messrs. Marshall, solicitors of the Court of Bankruptcy, Charges under £5 payable by easy instalments. Offices_ (established 1830), 12, Hatton-garden. City branch 6, Moor gate-btreet, Baulc—Anvr. rHE S'u'lV, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JIM 23, 1864. The Franchise. Last evening the " unenfranchised masses" were invited to a meeting in the Freemasons' Hall, Great Queen-street, to claim the franchise for all not morally or intellectually disqualified. Mr E. Beales, M.A., occupied the chair, and he was supported by Mr Nicholay, Mr Washington Wilks, Mr George Jacob Holyoake, Mr Odgers, and others well known in connection with political and trade agitation. Letters were read from Liberal members of Parliatnent Vrho had been solicited to attend, but who, from various causes, had not accepted the invitation. Among these letters was one from Mr John Bright, who said "I think you are quite right to move for manhood suffrage, for that is what you must approve, and it would be absurb for working men to propose a scheme which would exclude three out of four of them from the franchise. I think the people everywhere should ask for what they want, but at the same time 1 would recommend that they who ask for much should not regard as enemies and opponents those who ask for less. By a com bined and friendly movement we shall get something, and that once gained is never lost again, but becomes an additional power to obtain more. I think the time is near when we shall see another step in the path of reform. The present Govern ment lives only on the name of its chief Minister. If it can survive his time of office, it can only be by adopting liberal principles and by keeping to them and acting on them. We are every day nearing the time when the House of Commons must undergo another change, and that change will be largely in the direction of what is popular. In this I see a botter day for our country and for the great people' hitherto excluded from political rights. In the contest which is ap proaching, I hope I need not say you may calculate on my hearty exertions in your favour." These views were loudly cheered, as were those given by Mr Potter, M,P., Mr W. Cox, M.P,, and other gentlemen. The chairman,in the course of a lengthy speech, expressed his hearty sympathy with the causerof the unenfranchised, and said that in his belief the government of the country would be carried on better than it is if the working classes had a greater amount of power. Mr Leno, a working man, in the course of a tempe rate speech, proposed the following motion That this meeting is of opinion that the existing limitation of the right to vote in the election of members of the House of Commons is most unjust to the people of this great country, and a gross violation of the true principle of representation, by depriving of the franchise millions who contribute to the real strength and wealth of the nation, and who, as liable to the duties and obligations of citizens, have as well founded a right to the franchise as those to whom it is now caprici ously restricted.' Mr Nicholay seconded the motion, and said this was the time for this agitation, as Parliament was about to die a natural death ; and he urged the working men , to mark well the names of those who had voted against Mr. Baines's motion on the franchise and against the ballot. The present Government, he reminded his hearers, had come into power pledged to reform—a pledge, he said, which had been forgotten. His motto was—' No taxation without representation.' He urged that if the working men could as volunteers be intrusted with arms, they could be trusted with the vote ; and, in conclusion, he expressed his willing ness to take his seat in the Senate-house' for the sake of the working men. Mr W. T. Malleson supported the mo tion, and said the fact of Mr Coningsby, of Penge, writing to the Times declaring that ho did not want the franchise, was the exception which proved the rule that the working men desired it. The resolution was then carried unani mously. Mr G. Howell, another working man, proposed the second resolution, which was as follows That in the opinion of this meeting, the time has arrived when the unenfranchised masses of the people of this country should be admitted to a share in the right of election of members of the House of Commons, by that right being extended to all resident and registered male persons of sound mind and unconvicted of crime.' The mover quoted Blackstone' to show that, in the opinion of that great legal authority, every man was entitled to the vote, an opinion, the speaker said, which was also held by Jeremy Bentham. He added that the working men, though they had not agi tated in lawless assemblies for the vote, had not the leas thought of the injustice which kept them from their right. He said he had read Plato,' as well as Mr Coningsby, but had learnt a different lesson from that learnt by the person named, for he had been taught to take his stand as a man for the right to which he was entitled. Capt. D. Rogers seconded the resolution, which was supported by Mr Wash ington Wilke, who in the course of a long speech argued that to debar the working man from the iranchise was to lower him in his own eyes, and degrade him in the presence of his fellow-citizens. The resolution was then carried unanimously. The concluding resolutions laid down steps for organising committees to confer with ruernbersof Parlia• Emit on the opinions expressed in the first two resolutions A vote of thanks to the chairman concluded the proceedings, WESTON'S RETREAT. An adjourned sessions was held at the Vestry Clerk's Office, No. 1, Gordon. square, Euston-square, yesterday morning, for the purpose of considering an application which had been made by Mr Weston for a wine licence, under Mr Gladstone's Act, for the Retreat at Kentish town. The applicant alleged that his house came within the meaning of the act as a place for the sale of confectionery and articleft of food. Mr Sleigh and Mr Starley appeared for Mr Weston; and Mr Gordon for several gentlemen, who opposed. The Chairmen said the application was adjourned for the purpose of Mr Gordon producing evidence that the Retreat was a place frequented by prostitutes and other disorderly persona. kir Sleigh observed that the summons alleged that it was not a confectionery shop, or a place for the sale of food, and that it was a disorderly house and frequented by prosti totes. It was also contended that it was a house which was already adjudicated disqualified. He apprehended the last charge was disposed of at the former meeting, and that the only business with which they had now to deal was whether it was a place frequented by prostitutes. Mr Gordon made an off:r that if Mr Weston would close the Retreat on a Sunday, the opposition would be withdrawn, Mr Sleigh did not think they could accept it. Mr Gordon said that on the last occasion he asked the Bench to keep the words " adjudicated disqualified" in the summons. The Chairman— They are. The Bench wished Mr Gordon to call evidence respecting the character of the house. Mr Edward Weston was the first witness called, and proved that he resided at the Retreat, although he was absent at the Music Hall, Holborn, every evening from half. past 6 o'clock until 12. His brother was the proprietor and owner of the Retreat, and sold food, victuals, and con fectimery. People could go in and purchase food without paying anything for admission. Would swear that the per sons frequenting the house were respectable and orderly in their conduct. Had never seen any prostitutes there, nor had the police ever made any complaint respecting the conduct of the persons who attended. Ho had expended £20,000 upon the place. Did not give persons at the Music Hall tickets to go to the Retreat on a Sunday, nor had he ever given a general invitation to that effect. James Hillock, who described himself as an " Evan gelist," deposed that he had been to Weston's Retreat. He went there on a Friday night, the weather being dull, There were 13 or 14 females rambling about, and they were using language such as no virtuous woman would ever think of employing. There were also young lads there, of much the same character as the women, One of the waiters was as bad as the women. Witness also Went on a Sunday, and saw a great number there. He saw women seated in some of the boxes grossly misconducting themselves. By Mr Sleigh—He was an Evangelist, being employed by the London Congregational Association, which was similar to the City Mission. Was employed to preach and visit, and it was because he had visited these places that he knew of their dangers and victims. Before he became " Evangelist" he was a missionary and teacher, When he discovered that the conduct of these women was so indecent, he did not go to the proprietor and complain, because it would have been dangerous. (A. laugh.) Did not go to the police-station and complain of it, because that would have been dangerous. (Laughter and oh.) By the Bench—Believed the women whom he saw were prostitutes. Mr James Hodges proved that on ono occasion lase September he saw several intoxicated women at the Ite, treat. Benjamin Ingle said that last August or September he saw two prostitutes there, but did not see any disorder or indecency, and he was there four or five hours. Samuel Davy, an ex-policeman, saw some prostitutes at the Retreat about twelve months ago, but their conduct was very good; in fact, had never seen a place conducted better. Mr Copestako and Mr Ingall gave evidence to the effect that the people who assembled at the Retreat caused a good deal of noise by talking ; laughing, ac., which was a nuisance to them. Mr Sleigh submitted that the charge respecting prosti• tutes frequenting the house had failed, and the Bench said that they should not call upon him for any rebutting evi dence. The magistrates then retired, and upon returning into ccurt, The Chairman said that they had come to the decision that the house for which the license was required was not a confectionary or eating-house within the meaning of the act, and that it was adjudicated disqualified for the sale of wines therein. A large number of persons who crowded the court imme diately shouted out "Shame, shame," "Prejudice," "A robbery," gee. This excitement was caused by it being thought that, as the bench had hoard evidence respecting the character of the house, they did not intend to refuse the licence on the ground given ; and that, as they did intend to refuse the licence on this point, respecting which they had all the ev.dence last time, it was somewhat strange that they should have heard evidence respecting the character, which they now decided was not bad. Mr Sleigh asked for a more specific statement of the grounds of the decision, but the bench declined to give it, SEBASTOPOL.—The Journal de St. Pelprsbourg states that the harbour of Sebastopol is being cleared of the hulls of the ships sunk at the entrance of the port at the beginning of the Crimean war. The same journal adds that in three years the railroad from Moscow to lioursk will be extended to b'ebastopol. I SPIRIT OP THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. ---- vs.—At last the Conference of London on the --k may be looked upon as at an marked its career were os of yester -tion- a Jae__ affairs of Demme._ end; The delays which rasa., strangely ePitortilsed in the proaeense a days. For some reason that only Court fun,. aries can understand it is thought neteasitry that the Plenipotentiaries should attend every levee, triad consequently the diplomatists on whose deliberations the peace of Europe depends duly presented them• selves before his iloyel Highness the Prince of Wales at two o'clock, and were Unable to assemble for the most important meeting of the series until a later hour than usual. The discussions may have been interesting; they were certainly long. It was past 6 o'clock before the members separated, and the last effort of England to preserve the peace between Denmark and its opponents was shown to have been in vain. The Conference, we believe, will meet again on Saturday, but this is only as a matter of form, in order that the protocol of yes• terday's proceedings may be read, and the members may exchange the courtesies which are usual at a separation. As far as business is concerned the Conference is at an end, and it has ended in failure. On no side has there been a disposition to accept the proposals which this country has thought it advisable to make in the interests of peace. After six months of ceaseless exertion, after having used every argument which could be addressed to the justice, the humanity, or the prudence of the Ger man Powers, the British Government finds that it must either retire from the dispute and leave Den mark to the fate it is so anxious to brave, or enter upon active operations for her defence. The proceedings of the meeting may be soon told. The members met only to hear from Prussia and Austria their definite rejection of the proposal of arbitra tion, and their acceptance of the alternative of a renewed campaign. There was, indeed, ron their part an offer which in such circumstances can only be looked upon as a mockery. This was, that sny Power that c h ose m i g h t ar bi trate on the ques tion of frontier, but that they would reserve to themselves the right of rejecting the award. It is needless to say that this absurd proposal was scouted by the representatives of this country, and was justly held by them to mean that the two Ger man States were determined to brave the public opinion of the world, and proceed to the last ex tremity in their career of violence, At the same time, Denmark showed an equal unwillingness to submit her claims to the arbitration of any foreign State. The one idea of the politicians of Copen hagen is that no settlement can be agreed to by them which does not give Denmark the line of the Dannewerke. They would prefer that of the Eider, of course, but with the Dannewerke, which is involved in the line of the Schlei, they would be content ; anything else they have been all along determined to reject. The idea that a foreign and, it might be, an unfriendly potentate should have the power of depriving them of half Schleswig, and giving them only a strip without a definite geographical area, without a defensible f:ontier, has all along been so distasteful to them that we are not surprised that they should now add their refuse; to that of their opponents. They have had time to re• cover from the shook of Duppel. Their army, though weakened by the late campaign, is still respectable in point of numbers, their fleet is ready for opera tions, they hold Alsen, they are at present unthreat ened in Funen, the German shipping offers them a rich prize, and, all things considered, they are per haps in a better military situation than when they occupied positions on the mainland which were exposed to the full strength of the German armies. Their enemies are equally anxious to complete the work they have so unscrupulously and yet so successfully begun. All that remains for them now is to achieve the conquest of Alsen. With that done they might rest on tadr arms and refrain from any further operations against their humbled adver versaries. Alsen alone is required to given them full possession of the Schleswig territory, and as yet they profess to want nothing more. Jutland they may oceupy in order to force a peace from Den mark; Funen or Zealand might be the object of any great access of vindictiveness, such as the Germans might conceive against the people who have resisted them for so many years, and who have in this war threatened the blockade of their ports and the des struction of their marine. But this extension of the area of hostilities is not necessary for the success of the German policy. Their highest hopes will have been gratified if they can detach the whole of Schleswig and Holstein from the kingdom and erect it into an independent State under a Prince of their own choosing. This, in fact, can now be done by a simple proclamation. With the excep tion of Alsen, they hold the country, and, unless some other Power intervenes, they have only to de clare it separated from Denmark, and to constitute the new Government. They may then leave Den mark alone, so far as the invasion of any new ter ritory is concerned, and content themselves with resisting its efforts at sea, and holding Jutland as a guarantee for the payment of the expenses and losses that may have been intlietea on Germany. Something like this is possibly the Prusso-Ans trian'programme, Clough it certainly may be that a more ambitious war is contemplated, and that Denmark left alone would have to expect an in vading force in Funen, and perhaps at the capital itself. The passion which animates the Germans, and the ambition which possesses the Prussian reigning family and their Minister, may lead to any excesses. In this latter case there can, we thiak, be no doabt of the course which honour and international duty would recommend to Europ e . Whatever may b e the decision of the country with respect to operations on the mainland, we feel sure that the expression of English feeling would be uni versal to the effect that the Danish ielands should be made safe against any attack of an enemy. In this there would be no difficulty, as a small squadron would be quite sufficient to bid defiance to any arma ment whioh the German Powers could put to sea. These speculations, however, are almost premature. There must be to-day, or very shortly, an explana tion in Parliament by Ministers, and a discussion of the present critical state of affairs. Parliament, which has left matters so long under the com plete control of the Cabinet, contenting itself with occasionally showing its sympathies and the intensity of its interest in the struggle, will now take care that the national honour is not compromised. Though this country cares little for the taunts of foreigners, it cannot bear to have an ill opinion of itself; and it, therefore, becomes her Majesty's Government to make to Parliament such recommendations as will convince it that the nation is being directed in a wise and honourable course. To maintain our owi:, honour and reputation by fulfilling strictly our internaLtenal duties is the wish of every patriot and every man oi,eense. POST. —The meeting of the Confere,:teet yester day, may be consider e d as v i r t ua ll y i ts l as t „fitting; though an adjournme n t till S a t ur d ay a t one o'c i eck was agreed to—for what purpose it is difficult to understand. There seems nothing remaining to be done. The German and Danish Plenipotentiaries, though differing on every other point, were as one man in opposing an arbitration upon the question of the boundary-line. It is stated, indeed, oa less reliable authority, that Austria and Prussia ex pressed their willingness to accept the proposed re ference, but clogged their consent with such condi tions as effectually precluded Denmark from acced ing to the arrangement. The prolongation of the armistice stands in much the same position, The German belligerents would not oppose such an ex tension, but they declined it for any period less than two months. For obvious reasons the negotiations went off at this point. We find, therefore, all the preliminary subjects in dispute as far from a settle ment as ever. The boundary line itself, the reference of it to arbitration, the prolongation of the armi stice, are still matters upon which no agreement has taken place. On this account we repeat that we are at a loss to see cue bono another meeting of the Conference on Saturday. The ar rangements that have been found impracticable in so many sittings can scarcely be made in one. The armistice expires on Monday, an d the German troops in Jutland are then free to rehome rrence their work of d evasta ti on . Of th e British fleet the operations are by no means so easy to be foreseen. HERALD.—The last faint hope of peac e has dis appeared. The r e f erence by the Danish proposal dGI ofer- Ger man plenipotenti ar i es o f the English p arbitration to their respective Courtsee p p w r r o as p o b sio u it so but an empty courtesy ; yet so long as pea were even nominally under discussion sanguine minds might hope aga i ns t all probabiliti es f or a successful issue to the labours of the Conference. Now the most sanguine must look forward to a renewal of hostilities. We shall hear no more of peace until the north, and probably enough the south, of Europe havo drunk their fill of the bitter, yet, per haps, not unwholes ome cup of war. At the sitting of the Conference yesterday the plenipoten tiaries proved a second time the impossibility of their agreement ; bat this time, having the con sciousness of a fearful struggle impending, in which nations which had been for centuries allies would find themselves opposed upon the batt!e-field, they adopted a more moderate and a more becoming tone. They felt that they were about to fight, and that they could not do less than emulate the cour tesy of the professors of the noble art who shake hands before they begin to maul each other. The sitting was not only remarkable for the good tem per displayed, but for a singular inversion of the arrangements which have been wont to obtain when Germans meet other nations in negotiations. Th e Danes, generally men of few words, read a long memorandum detailing the reasons for which they were unable to accept the last British proposition ; and the Prussians, who equally refused that pro. position, expressed their refusal in a very few words. An ominous sign —when a German diplo matist speaks shortly and to the purpose he must be completely overmastered by an overpowering determination. Having received these declarations, and mutually acknowledged that there was not the faintest chance of arriving at any accord until their •!ews had been modified by a f ew bl ows , the pleni` p„, eih : . :ariesadjourned until S a t ur d a y, u pon which ui day they wit. revise and sign the protocols of a L i en" ference which will b l e recorded in history as a signal failure. The war, thereto: e , recommences o n Mon- __ day. The Germans will probate,' be in possession t of the whole of Jutland before the: week is out; and, on the other hand, the German ports in lb Beide will again be placed under a rigorous blockade. The advantage of the change so long as it does not go fa r th er , will be entirely with tu Danes. Now Jutland is particularly lost to them . . but the German ports are open. Then Jutland still be lost, but the German p or ts will be e l;i1 , The further course of the war will depend upon Ow' policy of the Powers which at present profess them' selves neutral. Th e organs o f th e Government tell us that Lord Palm ers t on wil,: be equal t o ,t" l3 emergency, and that, havi ng su b m itted for a nu mue, ; of months to every insult w hi c h th e German P° 1 ",,,. r chose to offer him, having eaten more dirt than ant English Minister has swallowed since the days ° Charles 11., he will now remember his own repu te , tion, and take some thought for his country or honour. They tell us that E ng l a nd will not el-° _,„ Denmark to b e d es p o il e d an d th e principles O. public law to be set at na ug ht. They have told . e o b ti. so several tim es b e f ore , and with the full CO ne en ; their employe rs , i n whose names they p speak. Denmark has been despoiled, and the Pr l ciples of public law have been trodden under fool.. Little authority will be attached to their Pee' en ; promises by Germans or Danes. We can ourselvee give them little or no credit. What has been d ori _., before would be done again, if it could be dove, but happily the decision does not now rest with d t it Ministry. The negociations are at an end, is for Parliament to pronounce, of its own insL A II- ; rofesseu; cen if the Ministry will not inaugurate a policy and its approbation, what course England shall Pti ts , a in this moment ous j uncture . Wh at that cou i r c h should be will b© easily d e t erm i ne d . England' with Lord Derby, loves pea ce; b ut , w i t h t h e no ble lea of the Conservative party, she loves honour ta° re i i If she finds that her ho nour an d h er i n t e rests ca k ' , upon her to give her en erge ti c su pp or t t o Deol na : he that support will be g i ven , a t w h a t eve r sail cost may be estimated. If the Ministry will, e ,„ at the twelfth hour, recognise their duty and clec' a e ", their determination to pursue to a successful issue the policy for which the country calls, wel l 50 , good; they will have the warm, the general s u r; port of Parliament. But if they will not ann° u e nc i , their policy, or if they propose to basely aben" l %. the cause the nation is resolved to sustain, them' selves days are numbered. If Ministers will not t' i e i — e ; selves ask the support of Parliament by a P ° ,l, - se which commends itself to the national syn 3 Ps' - i 'd and thus excuse in part their past weakness a- e .. folly, her Majesty's Opposition will give the reP, l sentatives of the nation the opportunity of deciso v ° what course the country should pursue. COUNTRY MARKETS. SHEFFIELD—TUESDAY. iv d of At our market to-day there was a f u ll avera ge supP , wheat in sack and by sample. F ac t ors d eman ded A 11 ,„, 3 p , vance of 2s per qr, and this check e d sa l es f or some t i 6d Ultimately a very active business was d one a t is to is , per qr advance on last week's rates. Sp r i ng co rn also ill more money, oats being 6d to is higher, a n d beans ril'' k , i i ; in all cases the extreme prices of l as t w ee k— s ome sameree, realising a slight advance. Flour and o th er articles sve at previous quotations. Red wheat, per load of 3 imperial bushels...lss Od to 168 9.1 White 19 1 ...17s 6d to 19 3 ,' . l New red ...15s Od to 16 8, t` New white „ ,-...168 6d to 18 9 ~! ~Beans )9 ...15s Od to 16s y . , ? Peas, per qr Grinding barley, per qr Malting ditto P » 32 s Od to 35s Oats 22s Od to 26s uu Flour, Is 4d to is 8d per 14 lb. NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE—TUESDA.Y. Wheat in moderate supply this morning, with tt g oal trade, and best wh ea t so ld a t a s li g ht a d vance on the cur encies of this day week. Other articles about Saturday 'o rates, ‘„,?os Averages—Wheat, 41s 3d—b ar l e y, 30s Od.-oaLtlt Bd. HULL—TUESDAY. Of At our corn market to-d a y th ere was a small supply English wheat, which sold readily at an advance of is t c ; 2s per qr on last w ee k's currenc y. I n f o reign the clausal' was more active. Grinding barley in request. Oats wee ° scarce, and fine sorts held for 6d more money. Peas tal' A beans met a slow sale. Linseed still dull. Wheat.... Old white.... per qr 42s Od to 43s Od Old red New white .. „ New red .. • • ~ Earley.... English malting 27s Od to 34s Oil Grinding 24s Od to 25s 6d Saal and Oderbruek Holstein and Danish 3os Od to 31s Od Grinding 1 Oats English, old Archangel and Riga, per st osl2lcl to 13d Friesland and Dutch oBl3d to 03130 Swedish and Danish osl2ld to osl3ci Beans ....English, old, per qr. 4os Od to 43s Od New pigeon 42s Od to 44s ( d New tick. 4os Od to 42s Od Egyptian Peas Foreign boilers ... 33s Od tc 340 6d Grinding Tares ....Spring. Indian Corn Linseed, feeding crushing . Linseed cakes (Hull) Foreign: Rape cakes Bones £ 5 B B 15 00 —453 023 0 00 ss: t tt ° : O o ° 0 dddd X tttt 000° 5 0 , 3 55.3 : 204 0 0 g gi gg ( 4 00 '11 5 5 oto MONMOUTH--TUESDAY. Tho local market s h ave b een d o i ng a considerable amoullt of business duri ng th e l ast f ew days, and the prices ..0 wheat are maintained. Barley rather dull. at former rate- The average quotations are as follows : I 0 s Od Wheat, white 5s 3d t o 5 s 8d 8ar1ey...... 3s 3d - s 6d Ditto red .08 Od to O s Od Oats ....... 2s Od to 2s COAL Al ?noes of Coal per Ton at s. d. LItKET. the close of the market. i e. 0 ' Byass's Bebside West Hartley l6 3 Holywell l6 6 Eden Main ...16 3 West Hartley Hastings Hartley ....16 3 Tan field Moor 14 0 Tantield Moor Butes l4 0 alker Primrose l3 3 j Wylam 16 61 Cowpen Hartley 16 3 I Buddle'sWest Hartley 16 3 North Pelton Gas 13 0 Ships at market Walls End. 17 6 Tiaswell ....... •• ' l6 6 Heugh Hall ~...• 16 0 Tunstall . ......... • 1 6 9 Kelloe . " ... 16 6 South Kelloo ......... 1 5 9 Byron ............... 7 6 south on ..... 1 5 Htt .... I 6 Helton.... . Harton .. . .......... 3 Hartlepool ......... •. 17 6 I East Hartlepool ..... •' 6 g I South Hartlepool.... • • 9 Wharneliffe ....... 74 ; sold, 69. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton .. 'J une 4. via Marseilles ...... JulY cSrazil and Cape Verde, by British packet........ J al Y 5 Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena.. Jun e China, Penang, and Singapore, via S o uthampton.Ju . via Marseilles ..Tune 7i _ _ Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton June ,.. --. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Junc - , via Marseilles June 27. India (Bombay), via Southampton ...... J une 25 , -- via Marseilles July S. Portugal . • • • ...... Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Soat.iYa;i:PL; ........ .... J jly u u n 5 e — 5. . v i a M a rseille .. .............. ..... . July Newfoundland.......... June 2 2 . Oporto and Vigo U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.... June 30. by U.S. packet.... by Canadian packet. June 24. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, California. and British Columbia., i June 28. Births. Aricuours.-9n the 21st inst., at 65, Eaton-square, the wife of H. Lindsay Antrobus, Esq., of a daughter. HOBART.—On the 20th icst , at Wimbledon, the wife °' the Hun. Charles Edward Hobart, of a son. MoNioN.—On the 20th inst., at 7, Vicarage Kensington, the Hon. M rs . D. J. M onson , o f a son. RAE.—On the 20th i ns t., a t D over, t h e w i fe o f M a jor Ilse) of a daught er . ..gardeno. Marriages. BI NGLEY.—AusTEx.—On the 21st inst,, at the Brieish Embassy, Paris, Peregrine T. Bingley, Esq,, to Allc e ! only daughter of John Wentworth Austen, Esq., At., 78th Highlanders. RADFORD—IIELLMANN.—On the 21st inst., at Hollo7lo John Radford, Esq., of Little Waltham, Essex, to Maria Hellmann, of Loraine-place, Holloway, daughter o f the late Anthony Hellmann, Esq. Deaths. ------- FARRER.—On the 21st inst., at, 1, Fitzroy-square, George, infant son of F. W. Ferrer, Esq. FLEAKEIL—At his residence, Edgley, Stockport, Holliday Flewker, Esq., formerly Collector of Inland Revenue, Liverpool, aged 90, LANCE. — On the 18th inst., at SunnysPe, New Brighter, Cheshire, Georgo Lance, E ,q., of Osnaburgh-terr ace ' Regent's -park, aged 62. M'KENZIE.—On the 21st inst., John Jackson M'Kenzie, of the firm of William Jackson and Co., o f Dockhoadt aged 39. POuLETT.—On the 20th inst., at Hinton St George) th e Right Hon. the Earl Poulett. PEARCON.—On the 22d inst., Maria, the wife of Michael Pearson, of 43, Gordon-square, aged 58. WEsToN.—On the 15th inst., at his residence, Thorpe" next-Norwich, Charles Weston, Esq., aged 88. London: Printed and Prbilshed by WILLIAM AND REr/r .., 5 „ of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tsiz SUN ()Moe _ Strand, in the Preeini3t of the Savoy, .n the Conn of Alkidlooex.-7Thursday, Juue_23, 1661.