The Sun. — London, England, 1863-08-27 00:00:00

THE POLISH INSTIRRECTION. (From the Species C o rresponden LE t of the Times.) MBERG, Aug. 18. It is very difficult to know how the insurrection is really going on in the kingdom of Poland_ As regards Galicia, expedition after expedition is sent forth, and always meets with the same fate. But if these expeditions do no other good, they at least have the effect of keeping an immense cordon of Russian troops constantly occupied, and they must be regarded as positive proofs that the energy of the Poles and their determination to hold out until the last possible moment have in no way abated. What ever Prince Gortschakoffs answer may be to the last new note, the Poles will not lay down their arms, and preparations are already being made for con tinuing the war against Russia throughout the winter. The Poles are probably no more on the point of expelling the Russians from Poland now than they were four or five months ago ; but, what ever may be the exact position and prospect of the armed insurrection, it is certain that the power of the National Government has gone on constantly increasing from the beginning. Like most other Governments, it has its admirers and its detractors, but, unlike most other Governments, it is promptly and universally obeyed. I have heard a few com plaints as to the forced loan from persons not anxious to subscribe to it. On the other hand, a proprietor living near Cracow is known to have put his name down for 100,000 Polish florins at the very earliest opportunity. The sum required from each proprie tor is calculated on the amount of taxes payable by him to the National Government, which amount, by the way, in Galicia, is now equal to 50 per cent. on the taxation levied by the Austrians. The National Government now goes through its operations with great regularity, and, by way of making its organisation and mode of action as public as possible, has lately printed in its official journals a:series of laws, with a list (not nominal, of course,) of judges and officers comprising its tribunals. The "penal law," first put in force in the month of Jane, declares, by its first clause, that all acts tend ing to weaken the National Government, to check the progress of the revolutionary movement, and generally all acts injurious to the national cause are to be considered State crimes. The second clause sets forth the various punish ments to be inflicted for State crimes. fobs are as follows :-1. Death ;2. Public disgrace, fied through the journals ; 3. Banishment from home or from the country generally for a longer or shorter period. In cases meriting, by the terms of the law, capital punishment, if the punishment cannot be inflicted the offender is to be outlawed. "It is adopted as a principle" (says clause 3) "that every citizen has a right to accuse and de nounce another. This rule, however, admits of ex ceptions. Thus the Commissioners of the Govern ment, military as well as civil, the chiefs of Palati nates, and the officials employed at Warsaw, can only be brought before a tribunal by order of the National Government. District officials can be brought to trial on the accusation of the Govern ment Commissioner on the spot. It is for the tri bunal to decide whether the trial be proceeded with or not. Every person accused enjoys the right of defending himself.' " The fourth clause enacts that all sentences be announced in the public prints. As to the organisation and functions of the tribu nals, the National Government directs : " 1. That revolutionary tribunals be established in every district and in the city of Warsaw. "2. The jurisdiction of the district revolutionary tribunals to extend only to those districts in which they were established. The revolutionary tribunals of Warsaw has jurisdiction over all the inhabitants of the town and suburbs without exception. " 3. The revolutionary tribunals have no autho rity over officers and soldiers on active service for whom separate courts-martial exist. " Each revolutionary tribunal to be composed of a president and two members. Judgment to be taken according to the decision of the majority. " 5. On the presentation of the Government Com missioners, the National Government will appoint to every district tribunal a president and two mem bers, to be confirmed on being sworn. The appoint ment of the members of revolutionary tribunals to depend exclusively on the National Government. " 6. A procurator will be appointed to each tri bunal by the National Government. In Warsaw the National Government will select a procurator from two candidates to be presented by the Insur rectional Organization' of the city. The procurator is the public accuser, and it will be his duty to see that the law and its sentences are strictly executed. The revolutionary tribunals will pass sentence ac cording to the provisions of the penal law as con firmed by the National Government." A " complementary law" just published directs that the punishments ordered by the penal law al ready in force be only inflicted after the fullest in quiry, and in virtue of a sentence issued by the proper tribunal. Besides the punishments named in cause 2 of the penal law, the revolutionary tribunals have the power of inflicting other punishments to be indi eated by special decrees. The punishments named in clause 2 of the penal law may be inflicted on the author of an unjust and calumnious accusation which may have brought pain upon the accused or have subjected him to ju dicial proceedings. The discovery and denunciation of crime are, above all, the duty of the political and administrative authorities. Every denunciation must be submitted, in the first instance, to the consideration of the procura tor, who is authorised, even without instituting an inquiry, to declare it unfounded aed leave it with out action. The defence to which every person accused has a right may either be written or spoken. A defence by word of mouth is allowed whenever the accused can be summoned to appear in person without ex posing the members of the tribunal to danger. It is for the procurator to decide, subject to the ap proval of the tribunal, what sort of defence is to be permitted. The decisions of each tribunal are final. The Judges must pronounce as to the sufficiency of evi dence against persona accused, " according to their conscience and moral convictions." In case the 84111 Of a person accused cannot be established, E. sort of Irish verdict is permitted, and he may be warned "to i crimeCrime;'avoid n future even the shadow of Within 24 hours of the 'passing of the sentence the tribunal communicates it to the procurator, who must order its In addition tox the immediately. e revolutionary tribunals in the palatinates, th ree supremet courts have been ap pointed—ono fo r Crown (i.e , for Poland proper), one for Lith u ania, oo and one for "Ruthenia " (i.e., V olhyma , Podolia , a I the Ukraine). Each of the higher courts con procuratorusedall of a president and four judges, with a attaehed ; presi dent, judges, and procurato r to be named directly by the National Governm e nt.tthat Members the of these courts are irremovabl e , Court itself may at once remove one except members, a nd in that case must replace him ta r : su b se quent vacancies in the court to befi t All the same manner by the Cou rt itself. z i p i n The supreme courts, after a preliminary and fle d d ec i s ion of the National Government, have a uthority to jud e-1. The members of th e N otional g 2. me mbers el the committ ees Government ; in 'Lithuania and Eut hcnba ; The State Secret ar i es ; 4. The Commissioners Plenipotentiary ; 5. The Go vernment Commissioners, military and civil; 6. The civil chiefs of the palatinates and of the city of War saw; 7. The directors of the committees; 8. The judges and procurators of the supremo court, and of the revolutionary tribunals. The supreme courts decide according to the majo rity of votes. Their sentences are final and without appeal. The revolutionary tribunals perform their duties in the chief towns of their particular palatinates. Nevertheless, within the sphere of its authority, a tribunal may move from place to place, and go to the very scene of the occurrence to be investigated is order to institute an inquiry cn the spot. It appears that the National Government has also adopted a law for the precis, which, in a spirit of delicate flattery, it has imitated from France, The editors of the Polish national journals published at Warsaw, if they mistake the policy of the National Government, or in any way forget themselves, re ceive a " warning," and after two warnings their newspapers may be suppressed. Thus, not lunr . ; since, the Prato& (Truth) having stated, as if in justification of its name, that the Polish insurrec- tion, unless aided from abroad, must ultimately fail, was warned so severely that it soon afterward a died. The system of press warnings, by the way, is not the only modern French idea which, on var . ic,us pm texts, has been introduced or attempted to be in troduced into Poland; indeed, almost '.very great injustice that has been recently committed in that unhappy country has found defenders to argue that, after all, the same thing has beim done and may be done again in Imperial France. The Marquis Wielopoiski is known to entertai•a a great admiration for Napoleon lll.—not perhaps for his system, but for the manner in which he. has main tained it. Nothing is more probable than that when the Marquis determined to execute the conscription by designation he was thinking of the French Em peror and of what that Sovereign would do under similar circumstances; at all events, those of the Marquis Wielopolski's former friends who still seek on occasions to justify or explain away the one crime of his political life, do so by asking whether, after all, a measure of forced recruitment, which would have taken away those subjected to it from their homes for a few years, can be compared for cruelty to the wholesale system of " deportations" to Lambessa and Cayenne put in force by the third Napoleon after the coup d'etat. The Russian Pogo din, proposing to " a nnihilate the Polish element" in the Russo-Polish provinces, openly avows that he takes the Emperor of the French as his model; and as the latter gives the Italian proprietors of Nice the privilege of leaving their birthplace if they do not like the French Government established there, so the former wishes that the Polish proprie tors of Ruthenia should be told to consider them selves Russians and stop or remain Poles and go away to the Kingdom. To address these arguments, ho' i ever, to th e Poles le to jest with them in a very unbe , coming manner. They hope for a Frenchin- in tervention, and cannot be ex p ec t e d to examine too closely the life of th e S overe i gn who, sooner or later, is sure to render them assistance of . some kind. That the National Government, which may now be said to represent Poland, is no friend to an arbitrary irresponsible system of rule is suffi f ciently shown by the fact that in the midst of all t its difficulties it proclaims a regular legal system, and subjects even its own members to the authority ) of a tribunal whose judges are irremovable. ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE. HOME CIRCUIT.—CROYDON, Aug. 26. (Before Baron Bramwell and a Special Jury.) WOOLLEY Y. POLE. THE CAMPDEN HOUSE FIRE.-SECOND DAY. The proceedings in this extraordinary cause were again resumed yesterday morning, at ten o'cictck. Mr. Bovill, Q.C., Serjeant Ballantine, Mr. Mereweather, Mr. Henry James (specially retained), and Mr. Rosher, appeared for the plaintiff. Mr. Lush, Q.C., Mr. Denman, Q.C., and Mr. Garth, were for the defendant. The following additional evidence was adduced on behalf of the plaintiff : Mr. William Frederick Woolley said—l am the plaintiff in this action. In the year 1817 I married a lady named Cope. She had a very considerable fortune. I took Camzden House immediately after the marriage. The rent was attrbt £2OO, but was afterwards raised to £290. This continued until the year 1854. (Upon the application of the learned counsel, Crozier, a witness who was to be examined for the plaintiff, and Temple, who was to be called far the defendant, were or dered to be out of Court while the plaintiff was being ex- amined.) Examination continued—ln 1854 I purchased the lease of Campden House, which at this time had 90 years to run, for £6,000. The house was in a very dilapidated state when I took it. It was altogether out of repair, and many persons said I was mad to take it. I laid out considerable sums upon the building, both internally and externally. I fitted it up gradually, according to m 3 own. taste. I took out the whole of the grates and fitted in others according with the age at which the house was supposed to have been built, When I bought the lease the place was very much improved, but I continued the alterations afterwards, and the improve ments were going on down to the fire. Whenever I saw anything I thought would suit me I purchased it. I bought articles abroad and in country places, and, in fact, wherever I went. I once purchased an estate - in Essex, because there was some remarkable carving in the farm-house attached to it. I think I gave £1,500 or £2,000 for the property. Th e carving was of the time of Henry VII., and it was very re markable. It was afterwards put up in the breakfast room at Campden House. I bought a great many pictures, both abroad and in England. I purchased some of the old Italian masters' pictures, which were not so much appreciated at the time, tut which afterwards became very valuable. Some 1 time ago I had an illness, and I was blind for two years, and my sight now is very bad, and for some time I have had a servant to go about with me, I can state that there were 28 panelled pictures in Campden House, and every one of those pictures were of great value. Some were by Spagno letti, and others by Velasquez. I used to amuse myself sometimes by taking pictures out of frames and putting them in other positions. There were a great many framed pic tures all over the house. I had not a large number of look ing -glasses, because such things did not suit the style of the house. There was one large Florentine glass in the bathroom, which was very beautiful and valuable, and the frame was most elaborately carved. My brother-in-law, on one occasion, said he should not mind giving me£4oo for this glass if a room in a house he was building in the Isle of Wight was large enough to hold it. I bought the furniture in the same Way, from time to time, and when I saw any article that I thought would suit my house I purchased it. I gave 150 guineas for a dining-room table, and all the other furniture was in accordance with it. The house was full of furniture when the fire happened, and my friends used to say it was like a broker's shop. A good deal of 1 varnishcnatsof was used to b r i ng up the old panelling, after some white paint had been removed from it by my orders. I have myself used varnish for this purpose. The places where it was used were the drawing-room, the hall, and the staircase. •My sister and brother-in-law sometimes as sisted me in varnishing part of the house. This was in varnish lan thed early part of 1862 . 1 never purchased any myself. A man named Temple was in my ser vice, and his w if e and a son lived with him. Temple was originally empl oyed as a journeymanpsrweek, bute carpenter, arpenter, and I paid k I h him thirty-five shillings afterwards anoth e r arrangement wa s made. I should thin least £7,000 or £B,OOO upon the house, decorated o i t u an t at made perfe n c e t m as ed l T could, rell, A who has died since th e fire.good and deal of money w as p m a a id de to it gilder a a s with m y 1 vi herfe and from h t e h r e etyi brotherme years. ' of and o My ur wife'ssister I believe he was in my s e rv i ce for fourteen s mar riageis t er , t i ll i m s s y C w o i p f e e , d l j i v e d e d . g the house as I did m to y ok se a lf s . mmucyh winitfeer,sesftnritnundeewcoarsatin about £22,000 or £25,000. embedesi i s f s e i a Run ha d S t a o e l a k r , g a s u f d o rptruhed a d b es ou th t if f1;00mC0 her annum. This was 3, in lyw father, consisting of railway stock and debentures. I borrowed £13,000 on mortgage from my sister-in-law upon Campden House and the furniture in it. I used to allow the theatre on the premises to be used for amateur per formances for charitable purposes. Gas was laid on in the house. I very seldom gave evening parties after my w i fe died. I kept no horses or carriages, and my establishment was very small. For several years I only kept a butler. I had no stock or wine in the cellar, and 1 only pur c h ased small quantities. Besides the £13,000 I borrowed from my sister-in-law, I borrowed £3,000 from Mr. Borradails, w hich was also lent upon the security of Campden House. In 1855, I let it to Colonel Waugh, and was about to go abroad, but I and my wife took a fancy to an old castle at Tunbridge Wells, and we hired it. No furniture was taken there from Campden House. Col. Waugh paid me twenty guineas per week for Campden House. He took away some of my property without my consent, but 1 was paid for a portion of it. While I resided at Tunbridge I had the misfortune to lose my wife and child, and my health was very much affected in consequence of those losses. It was my only child. I remained for some time at Tunbridge after my wife's death, and when Col. Waugh left Campden House I went back there, and after some time I determined to go 'to Brighton. This was in 1859. I took an unfurnished house, a very small one, and the fur n it ure I put i nto it was brought from Tunbridge eauTtiolen; . The rest of th o T un b r id ge f urn i ture wan so ld b y It was a t thi s L i mo t h at I i nsured the furniture in the h Fire e se at B r i ghton and in Campden House with the Sun Oface. Befor e I t ertained the idea went to Brighton the fi rs t ti me I en - the raortgages to of Bliss i etting Campden Ho use . At thi s ti me existence, and in 1361,C0pe and Mr. Bor ra d a il e were i n insured. At this time at th thei r suggestion, the furniture was and the furniture wa s par e t f urniture was not insured at all, money she had advanced, neighbourhood, and Miss an insurance being effected. me to increase the amount of the ine9 they ofl Miss Cope's security for the Cop e had been some fires in the build in,,, whieh was at that time only insured for Temple if he could rebuild the house f or ulnanlBdrher brother pressed for had also pressed upon the build £4,ooo. I asked laughed and said it could not be rebuilt for or 4"0, and l i e retlElC,., he yen 4O 000 I ^fed with Mr. Freeth, the surveyor to the com sun, and t some one to look over the property, and the ' o ea ce agreed to take an insurance for £lO,OOO. In the year 185 9 the =Gums insu red for were £12,000 upon the h ouse, and £7,000 upon the fittings Th . .. v Brighton furniture Was in- THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 27, 1863. mired for £3,500. There were a great many pictures among the property at Brighton, They were insured for £2,000. Before I went to Brighton, in 1861, some articles were sent there from Campden House. There were a good many packages, because there were all the things belonging to Captain Cope and his sister and the servants. Some silver articles were also taken, but I cannot say exactly what was actually taken, because I had nothing to do with packing them up. Crozier, the butler, had to see to all this. In the year 1861 I was in negotiation with Mr. Mark Phillips for letting Campden House, but the negotiation went off because there was not sufficient stabling. He wanted stabling for twenty horses, and there was only room for three. I went backwards and forwards from Brighton to London several times at this period , an d I think I had been at Campden House about three weeks at the time the fire happened. I did some varnishi n g m y self during this tplears,sCagreozifelocmcuypieodwna b b e e d d r r o o o o m m t . ha T t h w e as ho o u n s ly e the pictures I and Crozier covered them with paper and td w iim a y s ied d .e i dM rty byy a b n ua d dusty, and in order to protect the carving and cloth. I believe that is the usual way to protect such things. The bedroom I have mentioned was not my usual bedroom but I preferred it because it wasmore airy. Temple and his wife and child slept in an opposite part of the house, and I was well aware that they were there. I went to town on the day before the fire, in the evening about seven o'clock. During the day I had been engaged in covering up, some of the furniture, and M rs . T emple saw me en. gaged in this way. Crozier went with me to town, and we walked about together. Ido not think it was more than 11 o'clock at night whenl returned to Campden House. There wds no fire in my bedroom, and Crazier told me shortly after wards that he had lighted it, but it was not yet burned up. When I went into the bedroom I found Crozier sitting by the fire. lam very helpless from my illness, and Crozier always assisted to undress me. On this evening he told me he was going down to put the gas out and shut up the house, and I ac compan i ed him, and met Temple and his wife going up to bed, and he said as he passed me that he thought I was in the library, and if he had known I had been upstairs he should have turned the gas off. It was my custom frequently to see the house shut up, and when I had done so on this night I went up to bed, and 1 was in bed when Crozier left the room. I believe I went to sleep, and was awoke by some noise. Baron Bramwell—What time do you suppose it web when you went to bed ? Mr. Woolley -4 cannot say. I did not take notice. It must have been before 12 o'clock. Examination continued—l at first fancied the noise was is my servant's room, and I listened, and heard a very heavy ttoise, as though something heavy had fallen. I opened the door, and found the house was on fire, and the smoke almost suffocated me. My first thought was the Temples, and I tried to get to them, but was unable to do so, and I screamed or called out, and went down a back staircase. Crozier, I be lieve, followed me, and we had several doors to open, and at length got into the garden, when I screamed and called for Temple, and then went round to Temple's side of the house. At this time the flames were coming out of the large window over the theatre. I found Mrs. Temple standing at the window of her room, and I begged her to remain, as I did not see any sign of immediate danger; but while Crozier was gone for a ladder she jumped out, and was a good deal in jured. The son was afterwards got out by means of the fire escape. I did not see Temple himself all this time. I had nothing on but my day shirt. I never had a night shirt, but used to wear the same shirt all day and night, and put on a fresh one in the morning. Mr. Freer was the first per son I remember seeing. I believe the police were at the front of the house, but I saw a policeman in the garden shortly afterwards, and I begged him for God's sake to get some assistance and procure the fire escape, and he replied that ho was a stranger in the neighbourhood, and did not know where to go. I was removed to Mrs. Stevens', in Gloucester-place, and saw Temple there for the first time, and was glad to do so, as I thought he had been burned to death. I was very ill in consequence of my being exposed to the weather on the night of the fire. The whole of the furniture was in the house at the time of the fire, and I am not aware of anything having been recovered. Sergeant Ballantine—Now, I will ask you the question raised in this record. Did you set fire to that house ? Mr. Woolley—Certainly not. Sergeant Ballantine—Or employ any one else to do so ? Mr. Woolley—Certainly not. Sergeant Ballantine—Have yon the slightest notion how the fire happened ? Mr. Woolley—l have not, except that I heard there was a fire in the green-room of the theatre on the evening before. Examination continued—At the request of the Sun Fire Office I made out the inventory of the furniture now pro duced. I was very ill at the time, and my sister in-law assisted me to make it out. This inventory was sent in the first instance to my solicitor, Mr. Teesdale, and I afterwards corrected it for the use of the fire office. Temple did not assist me to make out this inventory. Crozier, the butler, did assist me, and I believe it to be a true and genuine claim, and that a great many things have, in point of fact, never been claimed for at all. The inventory was then put in and read. At the end of it there was a long statement by the plaintiff to the effect that he had estimated the value of a great many articles, not so much in reference to the original cost, but to their present value, from the alterations that had been made in them. It also stated that Mr. Temple, the principal carpenter at Campden House, had gone through the list and made his remarks upon it. The value of this portion of the property was estimated at £B,OOO, the insurance upon it being only £5,000. In further examination Mr.Wooley said that the moment he heard that any suspicion was entertained in relation to the fire he voluntarily offered to be examined by the solici tors to the Sun Fire Office. Cross -examined—I did not hear rumours very soon after the fire that I had set the house on fire. I had given an ac count of the fire previously to a Mr. Thompson to be in serted in the newspapers. There were no such rumours as I have alluded to at this time. I had various occupations before my marriage. I was once in a counting-house in Regent 'street. I had no occupation immediately before my marriage. I was promised a situation with M. Ouvrard, the French financier, and I was afterwards employed by him and received £5O a year. I was once a member of a com pany of provincial actors, but I had no ealary. I did not re ceive a salary at Salisbury, and had no regular engagement. I had a great many friends in London, and they used to send me remittances. I know Raggett's Hotel. I know the family. I was not a waiter. I was not paid; at least I had no salary while I remained there. I don't recollect if I had. Mr. Raggett may have given me some money. This was 25 or 26 years ago. I am now 46 years old. I had no means, as you may say, when I married. I will most postively and solemnly swear I was not out of the house wittCrozier after 12 o'clock on the night of the fire. I swear I was not out at 3 o'clock in the morning. I did not fasten the back door or go to the back part of the house at all in the night. I sat on the staircase while Crozier was fastening up his own offices. We met the Temples on the staircase, but I do not remember that Crozier said to Temple that he and I were going to sit up very late that night. I swear I did not hear him say so. I do not know at what hour the fire broke out. I did not look, and all I thought about was the people in the house. I believe I thumped at Crozier's door as I went by. I am sure that the door leading into the kitchen was shut,and we had some difficulty in opening it. I then went round to the theatre. It seemed to me an age before I heard the police man's rattle, and I have said it was three-quarters of an hour after the fire was discovered, but I suppose I must have been mistaken as to the time. I have no recollection of seeing any one before I saw Mr. Freare, but other per sons may have been there, but I am very blind and can hardly distinguish any one. I remember a policeman in quiring of me if there was anybody in the house. I was not very self-possessed. Mr. Lush—Why, you say in your report for the news papers that you were. Mr. Woolley—No one could be very self-possessed under such circumstances. I certainly knew sufficiently well what I was about, to request Mrs. Temple to remain quiet,ana not to jump out of the window. When I was taken away the flames were not bursting out on every side of the house. I cannot say how long it took before the place was entirely burnt to the ground. The windows of the room I slept in on this night overlooked the leads of the house of a gentleman named Egg. My usual bedroom was at the other side of the house. The green room I have spoken about was under my usual bedroom. I did not see any smoke until after I had opened my bedroom-door. Several windows on the garden side of the house had neither blind nor curtain. (The wit ness Pointed out on the model the windows that were in this condition.) There were shutters to the library window, and I will swear that those shutters were closed on the night pre vious to th e fi re. A piece of tapestry was hung before both the windows of the gallery. The object of the tapestry and to show were the holes were, I believe that is the usual way to repair tapestry. I swear that there was no tapestry put to the upper terrace window. There was some tapestry hung up at the north gallery window. Some dow las or carpet covering was nailed np in the hall which partly covered the window ; the object was to cover the whole of the carving that had been cleaned. This drugget did not hide the view from without of what was going on inside the hall, Campden House was s urrounded by rows of houses. Mrs. Temple bad provided m e w i t h a needle and thread, and I had intended to mend the tapestry myself with the assistance of Mrs. Temple. The varnishing had been going on three or four days before the fire. I believe that 40 pi eces of paper were purchased for the purpose of covering the pictures and the carving. I am not aware fhat some of the paper was nailed to the ceiling and hung loosely to the ground, but it is possible that some of it may have been so. I had hung up paper in the same manner on a previous oc casion when I left the house. I cannot say when this oc curred. It may have been seven or eight years ago. Besides the paper I purchased a considerable quantity of calico, or what I call sheeting, which was hung up over the pictures and the carving, in the same way as the paper. I never co vered the walls in this way before, only the carved work. There was a reason for doing so on this occasion. We found the house had become so wretchedly dirty during our stay at Brighton that we determined to protect the furniture in future. I hsd purchased a quantity of candles before the fire. I cannot say if it was a cwt., and will not swear whe ther it was that quantity or not. I think it was only so many dozen pounds. I do not remember the name of the Persoa at whose shop I bought these candles, but I could find the shop again. I do not know what became of the bill for them. These candles were placed in a cupboard in the dining-room. The week before the fire I had taken down a great many books and spread them about open. My reason for doing so was, that they were mildewed and damp, and I wished to dry them. I had four suits of armour in the house shortly before the fire. They were worth £3O or £4O a piece. I had sent three suits of armour away a few months before. I swear I did not send these suits of armour away a few days before the fire. I will swear that no pictures were sent away from Campden house except a few that were removed to the Brighton house. I had several portraits of Qusen Elizabeth, and one of Sir Anthony Brown, her Master of the Horse. Crozier accompanied sue to t wn on the morn ing before the fire. He has dined with me on several occasions, and we may have had chops together in ay bed room. lam in such a condition of health that I require some one to be constantly with me, as I occasionally fall down in a fit. By an arrangement with Colonel Waugh £2,000 was placed to my credit at the London and Eastern Bank. He was the head of that bank at the time. He took the things away without my consent and in spite of me, and he said that his object was to repay himself the money he had lent me. lam not aware that he took away so many as 60 packages. I think that he left in 1856, but I cannot say positively, as I have a very bad memory for dates. I have not been in Italy since the year 1848. I gave more than 10s. or 15s. a-piece for some of them. I gave as much as £5O or £lOO for some of the pictures. I did buy some of them cheap. I may have bought some of them at a very low price, but I cannot say so low as 10s. or 15s. I may have only given 30s, for some of them. One of the pictures I gave £lOO for I think I purchased at Pari, , . It was a picture said to be by Velasquez. I think I may have given £l5O for a large altar piece, and it coat a good deal to clean it up. I may have given more for some of the ether pic tures, but I do not recollect which of them I refer to. The Court was here adjourned for a short period, in order that the jury might obtain some refreshment, and upon their return the cross-examination was resumed. Mr. Woolley, in answer to further questions put to him in cross-examination, said—l did once ask Messrs. Rhodes and Nixon whether they thought they could sell the large glass for me. I think this was several months before the fire. They declined to remove the glass because they had no room large enough to receive it. The house at Brightonwas not entirely furnished from Campden House. The furniture in the house at Tonbridge was sold by public auction. I cannot recollect whether I purchased any paintings in 1861 or in 1860, but 1 think I must have bought some in 1859. I do not consider I was in difficulties in 1859, '6O, or '6l. I always had property I could realise money on if I chose. I have no recollection of being sued, but I remember my butcher sued me for £26 in 1860, but I am not aware that the debt had been owing for 12 years. lam not aware that Mr. Lee, the florist, refused to supply me with any more goods without payment. I know that he did supply goods, and they are not paid for now, and therefore 1 infer that he never did refuse to leave any goods without the money. I dont know teat I was pressed for rates and taxes, but I never pay any rates or taxes till the last moment. In 1861 Temple discounted a bill for £5O for me. I also asked him to discount two other bills for me. I dont remember asking a gentleman named Bonner to lend me £l,OOO in December, 1861, shortly before the fire. I do not remember ever having said that Campden House was a great encumbrance to me, and that I had sunk between £55,000 and £60,000 there. I was very fond of the place, and therefore it was not likely that I should say that the house was an encumbrance to me. I was in the habit of giving bills, and sometimes I have had my bills renewed. Mr. Temple is a builder. He lived in the house when I was away, and he has done a great, deal of work for me. I owed him £llO at the time of the fire. I swear that the £l5O I represented that I gave for the dining-room table was not the amount of a bill that I had had renewed over and over again. I never said to Mrs. Temple that the expenses of Campden House were too msourachucfhorams that, me. I never consulted her as to ho w I was to reduce my exp en dit ure. I did no t t e ll her on any occasion that the ga r d en cost roe £5OO a year. It n ever did cost me two of the tables r exceptw c e rhh paps have fer e c n l ae yi m eeadr xl i o sw w e e a r r e that t aken away by Colonel Waugh, and are not now in the possession of Sir Edward Lytton. I swear they were in the house at the time of the fire, at least I saw them there the day before it happened. Mr. Temple never told me that there were a good many things in the inventory that were not in the house at all. I swear that to the best of my belief every article I have claimed for was destroyed in the fire, and lam quite positive with respect to the two tables that have been referred to. I have claimed £lOO for a bedstead which cost me a great deal less. Mr. Bovill said that the plaintiff stated that this was so in the claim he sent to the office. Cross-examination continued—l gave the particulars to Mr. Thompson to furnish a report to the newspapers. Hi s report referred to absurd and unfounded reports as to the origin of the fire. I bad not heard any reports relative to the origin of the fire at this time, but there had been reports that I was burned severely, and that Mrs. Temple had been burned to death. _ _ The report in the newspapers, a local journal called the West London Observer, was read. It stated that the origin of the fire was a mystery, but that it might have arisen from a beam catching fire in one of the flues, and that although the building and property was insured, its value was three times more than the a mount fur which it was insured. Re -examined—Witness had always moved in good society and at one time was a good singer and was invited out a good deal on that account. He was quite sure that he did not go into thegrounds with Crozier after twelve o'clock on the night of the fire. It was his ordinary custom to have a fire in his bedroom. The only reason for covering the pic tures and the carving with the paper and the calico was to protect them from the dust and dirt, and the paper was purchased in the neighbourhood. The reason for hanging the tapestry up to the window was to see where the stitches had dropped in it, in order that the holes might be mended. Witness purchased the candles at the shop in Oxford-street, at the request of Miss Cope, and a great many of them were sent to Brighton. W ith re g ard to the books, the house, like all old houses, was ra ther dam p , and he had fre quently found the books damp an d mildewed, and he had ope ne d t h em to dry them, and Temple was aware of the fact. The Temples never made any charge or suggestion against him. Colonel Waugh had something to do with the London and Eastern Bank, and was reputed to be a man of great wealth. He did not pay witness any rent, but placed a certain sum of money to his credit on account, and he had no authority whatever to remove any of the property from Campden House; and witness only heard by accident that he was doing so, and he immediately stopped him from taking any more away. There were two sofas at Sir Edward Lytton's house at Knebworth that were taken from Campden House by Col. Waugh, but they were not the same sofas he had put down in the inven- tory. Witness was on good terms with his brother and sister in-law, and could obtain any money he required from them. They had advanced him large sums of money at different times. A letter was here put into the witness's hand, and he at first said he could not recognise the handwriting, but at length he said that it was his. The letter was read, and it appeared to refer to his having taken a b ene fit a t S a lisb ur y in 1846. The plaintiff, however, declared that he was not regularly engaged as an actor at this ti me . At the request of the learned judge, the plaintiff r epeated his evidence with relation to the fire, and he said that he could not account for having attempted in the first instance to go to the assistance of the Temples, instead of awakening his own servant, Crozier, who was sleeping close by. The Jury said that they understood that the plaintiff did thump against Crozier's door. Baron Bramwell said he had done so, and they must not understand that he suggested that there was any contradic tion. He was only anxious to get at the real facts. Mr. C. Freer said —I am one of the senior clerks in the War-office. I was at Campden House on two occasions when entertainments were given for some charitable object, and that is the only way in which I was connected with the plaintiff. I was returning home about half-past three o'cloolz on the morning of the fire, and I and a policeman ran up to the house and he knocked at the front door, but could not get any answer, and I threw stones at the windows and broke some of them. I and the policeman afterwards got to the back of the house, and I there saw Mr. Woolley standing on the lawn in his shirt and calling for assistance. I also saw the man-servant, and a woman was lying on the lawn, and I was told that she had jumped out of the win dow. I heard Mr. Woolley exclaim, " Oh, my poor Temple I oh, my poor Temple I oh, my poor house I" lam quite sure the policeman and myself were the first strangers who came to the back of the house. Mr. Woolley was very ex cited, and after he had been taken to the house in Gloucester place, he fell down in a fit. (The witness pointed out in the model the place where the fire appeared to be burning when he arrived). I made some inquiries of Mr. Woolley as to what wake him, and he said that he heard a great noise like a beam falling. On the following morning I accompanied the late Sir Frederick Slade, who was a friend of mine, to the ruins, and I was told that Mr. Woolley had gone to Dr. Hamilton's. I have seen Mr. Woolley since, but Ido not think he recognised me. The witness added that after he got home he sent a suit of clothesfor tho use of Mr. Woolley, and he had never seen those clothes since. By the learned Judge—When I came up I could not see any fire from the windows of what is called the gallery. I do not think the fire had got sufficient hold at this time to have shown throughithe windows. Dr. Hamilton said —I am a physician, and carry on my profession in Grafton-street. I have known Mr. Woolley seven years. He first comp:ained of general nervous de rangement, and his sight was affected. I have been at Camp den House several times, and I noticed that it was magni ficently and abundantly furnished. Mr. Woolley was gene rally at work about the house when he was well. Upon some occasions 1 have seen books lying about open, appa rently for the purpose of drying them. I saw Mr. Woolley on the morning of the fire. He appeared in a very wild and excited state, and I was afraid of serious consequences, and took him to my house. He seemed to be very much excited about his loss, and also on account of the Temples, and he wished me to go and make some inquiries about them. He was quite unfit to make out a statement of the property that was destroyed, and I ordered him not to do so. Thomas Crozier said—l have been in the service of the plaintiff for four years and a half. I w.as in the service of Col. Paget previously. I remember going with the family to Brighton in the autumn of 1861. Nothing was taken from Caruden House in the shape of fur uiture for the Brizblon house. All that was taken was the plate, linen, and the usual necessaries for a family, and a harp for Miss Cope. I remember some questions being put to me about some sofas and a table. I am quite sure that they were all in the house at the time of the fire. Some inquiries were also made of me about some suits of armour, and I am quite sure they were in the house when the fire happened. I remember the tapestry being hung up at some of the windows shortly before the fire, and I know that the object of this being done was to see where the tapestry required repairing. There was a talk of Campden House being let to Mr. Mark Phillips at the end of 1861, and that gentleman came to look over it, but he found the stables were not large enough. At this time it was found that some of the panne; hugs and other places that had been varnished were very dirty, and it was necessary to varnish them over again, and then, in order to keep it clean, the work was covered up. I purchased several pieces of wall paper for this purpose, and the paper was placed over the paintings and the carved work, and fixed up with pins. I remember a quantity of candles being brought to Campden House. They had been purchased by Mr. Woolley, and I afterwards sent a portion of them to Brighton. On the day previous to the fire I accompanied Mr. Woolley to town and we dined together at a restaurant, and I took him home by Brompton. I cannot state exactly what time it was when wearrived at Campden House, but I should think it was about 11 o'clock at night. Mr. Woolley said that he would go to bed directly if his room was ready, and I went to it and found that the fire had not been lighted. I lighted the fire, and advised him to stay in the room where he was, which was warm from the gas having been alight in it, until his own fire . burned up. H e did so , an d I w e nt into the green-room and found Mr. and Mrs. Temple there engaged in frying sausages. (A laugh.) I then went upstairs again to Mr. Woolley, and told him that I was going downstairs to fasten up the house and turn the gas off, and he said he would go with me, and we went down together, and Mr, Woolley sat on the stairs while I locked up the kitchen offices. We met Temple and his wife as we were going down, and they said they were going to bed; but I am quite sure that I did not say that I and Mr. Woolley were going to sit up late that night. I will swear positively that neither Mr. Woolley nor myself was out of the house after 11 o'clock that night. I was asleep when the alarm was given, and the first thing I heard was Mr. Woolley calling out, " Temple," " Crozier," and then there was a thump at my door. I knew that Mr. Woolley was subject to fits, and I thought he had been attacked with one. I got up immediately and opened the door, and I then saw that the house was on fire. The front staircase was completely enveloped in flame. I heard Mr. Woolley call out, " Crozier, Temple, the back staircase;" and I followed him downstairs. There were two doors to open before we could get into the garden; but after a short delay these doors were unlocked, and we went into the garden together. (The witness then detailed the circumstances that took place relative to the Temples being rescued, in the same terms as Mr. Woolley had done. He also said that while Mr. Woolley was making the inventory he reminded him of various articles that were in the house, and he said he was sure every article contained in the claim was on the premises at the time of the fire, and that two or three hundred articles that were also there had been omitted.) Mr. Mereweather then asked the witness the formal ques tions, whether he had himself set fire to the house, or whe ther he had employed any one else to do so. He replied that he had not, and he should be very sorry to do such a thing. Cr oss - examined—He believed the candles had been sent in several months before the fire. He was sure they were not sent in so lately before the fire as a fortnight—at least he thought he could swear they were not. He paid for them himself. They came to £2 or £3, but he did not know what had become of the bill. He would swear positively that neither he nor Mr. Woolley was outside the house after 11 o'clock, and it was therefore impossible for any one to say that they were together out of the house after the time he had mentioned. The first person he saw at the fire was Mr. Freer, and he had no recollection of having seen a police. man before he saw him. He was certain that he lighted the fire in Mr. Woolley's room on that night, and he did not remember telling Temple that the fire had gone low, and that he wanted some wood to make it burn up. He would swear that he did not say that he and Mr. Woolley were going to sit up very late that night, and that Mrs. Temple did not inquire what they were going to sit up for. He re membered some books being opened and placed about in the room for the purpose of airing and drying them ; but he de clared that when Mrs. Temple asked him what this was done for, he did not tell her that he thought Mr. Woolley was going mad. When he was questioned by a gentle man connected with the fire office he admitted that he told him that as he was going to bed he saw a light in the green-room. He stated the same thing now. Ho believed there was a light in that room, and it looked like the light of a candle. He knew that at this time Temple and his wife had gone to bed ; but still he did not think it strange there should be a light in the green-room, as ho thought that perhaps some of Temple's relatives might have been sleeping there. He said he believed that forty pieces of paper were purchased for the purpose he had mentioned of covering over the pictures and the carving ; but he did not think they were all used for that purpose at the time of the fire. Mies Julia Cope deposed that she was sister-in-law to the plaintiff, and she had been an inmate of his house 'ever since he married her sister. She had advanced £13,000 to Mr. Woolley upon the security of the building and its con tents, and besides this she had lent him money to the ex tent of some thousands of pounds. She said she was aware that Mr. Woolley expended large sums of money in deco rating and beautifying the house, and that he took very great interest in that pursuit, and she herself did the same. The witness then went on to say that it was with the con currence of herself and her brother, and indeed at their solicitation that the insurance upon the property had been raised to £12,000 upon the building, and £5,000 for the furniture. She believed that Mr. Woolley had expended at least £30,000 upon the house and its contents, and that it was most inadequately insured down to the period she referred to. She then proceeded to state most positively that the whole of the furniture was in the house at the time the fire happened, and that the claim that was made was not in any way exaggerated. She ooncluded by stating that she, her brother, and all her family always had and still enter tained the utmost confidence in Mr. Woolley, and were on the most friendly and intimate relations with him. Cross-examined—Witness's sister, who was married to the plaintiff, was older than she was. She had £35,000 for tune from her father, and witness had the same amount. She had lent Mr. Woolley £13,000, for which she had the security of a mortgage upon Campden House and its con tents, and in addition to this she had lent him between £3,000 and £4,000 for which he had not given her any se curity whatever. She was aware that the whole of this money was spent in beautifying the house. She believed that Mr. Woolley's establishment was now supported from her resources entirely. Baron Bramwell asked the witness whether the Court was to understand that Mr. 'Woolley had no other resources but what were derived from her and her sister. She replied she know of no other resources he had, .but his wife brought him a very good fortune. Captain Cope deposed that he was brother of the late Mrs. Woolley, and that he was formerly in the 67th Regiment, and was aide- de-camp to Sir Robert Wilson at Gibraltar. He had lived several years in Campden House, and he could state that it was elegantly decorated, and furnished in the most substantial and beautiful manner. He was not aware that his sister had made advances of money to Mr. Woolley, but he knew that the income she was entitled to was paid in to Mr. Woolley 's account. The witness then went on to state that the furniture was all in the house when the family went to Brighton at the end of 1861, and that no portion of it had been removed. Mr. James Cope, another brother of Miss Cope, gave similar evidence, aid the trial was then adjourned. THE LATE LORD CLYDE.-48 every matter re lating to this gallant and distinguished soldier must at all times be interesting to the British public, we deem no apology whatsoever requisite in calling the special atten tion of our readers to the life-size portrait model of the de parted hero, attired in military costume, which may now be seen in the Hall of Kings, at Madame Tussaud's Historical Gallery, in Baker-street. LORD CLYDE AT SAN SEBASTIAN.—At night, on the 24th, Graham ordered the assault., From the trenches to the points of attack was 300 yards along, and by way of the rocks of the sea shore, which were in the way of the march, and slippery from the quantity of sea weed growing upon them. A detachment under Colin Campbell, of the 9th (now Lord Clyde), accompanied by the engineer officer, Machet, with a ladder party, led the way. The Ist Royals, under Major Frazer, and the 38th, under Col. Greville, followed in support. It was quite dark when, at 5 in the morning, a globe of compression exploded, to their astonishment, in the midst of the defenders of the hornwork, and made a road for the stormers along the covered way. Frazer and the engineer officer, Harry Jones, first reached the breach, and these brave soldiers rushed up it, expecting that the troops would follow ; but in the dark the men got scattered, and only attained the foot of the breach in small parties, and breathless, They soon mounted, but the steep descent from the top of this breach, which had not been broken, awed the stoutest of them. In fact, it was impossible to get down. In the meantime, some shells from Monte Orguno fell rapidly into the midst of them, and the enemy, from the houses and adjoining walls recovering their confidence, smote with their fire the head of the column. The flanking batteries, which had been prepared for that purpose, no w opened with grape upon the crowded and sta tionary assailants, and their ranks were torn in a dreadful manner. Frazer was killed amid the flaming buildings; the engineer Machet also was killed, and Jones struck down wounded. In vain did Greville, Cameron, Archimbeau, and other officers strive to rally the men, and refill the breach. Campbell again and again ascended it, but while all who were with him died, he, reserved for greater deeds, was only seriously wounded. Four officers of engineers, in cluding Sir Richard Fletcher, the chief, 44 officers of the line, and 500 men were killed, wounded, or taken prisoners in this dreadful assault. The troops were so clogged and massed that at last they could not move, and it was deter mined to raise a flag of truce to save the gallant fellows from be;.v;; devoured by tile advancing tide, which already Itleatened them, and they were surrendered to the enemy. —Annate of the if ars of the .Arineteenth Century, SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—The trial of a certain Frederick White at the Middlesex Sessions on Monday brings up the grievance of the ticket-of-leave man and his com plaint against society of which we have heard a good deal lately. Indeed, this poor victim of ill usage has been brought on the stage under such pathetic circumstances as, it was supposed, must soften even a heart of stone ; so affecting was his case that even handkerchiefs could hardly do justice to it. The tenderest sensibilities of nature rushed to his relief; the old blind beggar who hes so long stood as the type of pitiable humanity was sup planted by a worthier object, and the opening line, braving the laws of rhythm, altered itself to "Pity the sorrows of a poor ticket-of-leave man." Hav ing a duty to perform to the public we are compelled to restrain our emotions on these occasions, and to look at facts soberly and calmly. Frederick White was, it appears, sent to Coldbath-fields Prison in 1849, and again in 1850 ; in 1852 he was sentenced to seven years' transportation, and in 1856 to six years' penal servitude. "On his last conviction he was sent to Gibraltar, and while there, being a practical tailor, he invented and made reversible trousers, for which, when he came to England, he wished to take out a patent, but he had net the means. Through the assistance of the Con vict Aid Society they were exhibited in the Great Exhibition, and the prisoner, as an exhibitor, had a free admission, and while in the building he acted as interpreter." The Commissioners did not like the constant presence of such a visitor in the place under their especial patronage, and withdrew his free admission. His next appearance before the public was at the Middlesex Sessions of Monday, where he was tried for stealing a /20 Bank of England note. On presenting for payment the note, which had been stopped, he was put into the hands of a city detective, to whom he described himself as a bullion dealer, asserting that he had given the full value of the note in Prussian thalers. The officer appeared incredulous, and the prisoner took another tack, and made his captor a generous offer. " You had better take the £2O and let me go •, I'll walk beside you and can get away quietly, and you need take no notice of it ; make your own bar gain." The officer's honesty still holding out the offer was increased. The prisoner, whose experi ence of mankind apparently agreed with Sir Robert Walpole's, that "every man has his price," pulled out of his pocket a bag and handed it to the officer, saying, "Well, then, take that." It contained £l2O stock. But Justice was still stern, and the prisoner is now entering upon another period of four years' penal servitude. These are the judicial statistics relating to Frederick White, and the case on his side and the excuse made for him is that " he endea voured to procure employment, but could not, as wherever he went it was bruited about that he was a returned convict, and at length he had no alterna tive but to return to a course of crime." Everybody, we are told, has illtreated this poor man. The Com missioners ill-treated him in dismissing him from the Exhibition; the police have ill-treated him in let ting the fact that he was a returned convict be known. Why could not the Commissioners say nothing, and the police say nothing ? If they had held their tongues and allowed the man another chance, he might have taken advantage of it and obtained employment somewhere. As it is, we are told the whole world of employment has been shut against this unfortunate Frederick White, and he has been compelled t© take to stealing again to sup port himself. It must be admitted, then, that a ticket-of-leave man is placed under peculiar diffi culties with respect to obtaining employment by the fact being known that he is a ticket-of-leave man ; but we do not think he has on that account a right to expect that this fact should not be made known, and that those who are aware of it should let employers take him without the slightest hint or caution, or a word said about the person whom they are thus receiving into their employ. Should any bad result happen, and should the man after wards rob his employer, the latter might fairly turn round upon the police and say, " You ought not to have kept this a secret from me." The em ployer may fairly complain of having been kept in the dark, and represent himself as the victim of a system of concealment. Could the released convict have the advantage of such disguise without a vio lation of the rights of another man, he ought to have it, because every opportunity ought to be given him which can justly be given of procuring honest work; but such an advantage cannot be given him without injustice to another man, and there fore he must do as well as he can without that ad vantage. The plain rights of the employer must be considered before we go to a work of benevolence — that of helping the liberated convict out of those difficulties which he had brought upon himself. He began the mischief; the disorder in the relations of himself to the world at large began with him, and therefore he is the person to bear the consequences of that disorder. The Commissioners of the Great Exhibition could not with justice to the public have allowed a ticket-of-leave man to go about with their certificate and mark of honour in the shape of a free admission, mixing with the rest of the visitors, and placing himself on the same level with the public at large. This man has stolen a £2O-note since his liberation,—what if he had stolen that note in the Exhibition, and while bearing the Com missioners' badge ? So, as a matter of fact, a system of concealment cannot be kept up without ibjustice to society, and the criminal must meet whatever re sults arise from his former history being known in those quarters which it concerns. if it be said that this is to shut the door of employment upon the re leased convict and to thrust hiea back again upon a criminal life, we deny the alternative. It is true he is under difficulties, but not greater difficulties than by consistent, steady conduct he can surmount. To say that a man in this country, where the necessa ries of life are guaranteed to him by the law of the land, is obliged tai steal in order to live, is simply untrue. He may be under a certain temptation to take this course, and there may be more obstacles to a right course in his case than in that of other men ; but that is a very different thing from being obliged to take the wrong course instead of the right one. A man who has begun as a criminal must be under difficulties on his return to an honest life; it is in vain to expect that he should not be; it is an inevitable fault in his position from which nothing can wholly relieve him. There would be something wrong in the whole order of things under which we live if no such fault of position followed from such a start. But the diffi culties are difficulties and no more; they are not impossibilities. Let us suppose that nobody gives him employment at first,—well, he cannot, by the law of the land, starve, he must be living some where; wherever that may be he can show himself sincere in his professions; he can abstain from crime, he can obey directions, he can do the work allotted to him, even if it is breaking stones ; he can be quiet, steady, civil, and respectful. If he is all this, and if he goes on being all this, he will be sure in course of time to obtain such an amount of confidence in his reformation as will justify a moderate recommenda tion to an ordinary employer. It is true, perhaps, that society contains a great many hardhearted philosophers who do not believe in repentance; who will tell you that their experience is against such a process, or, at any rate, against the reality of it; who think that whatever men have been, that at the bottom they are and that they will continue to be. Such men will not be the patrons of re formed criminals. But 'while this philosophy has many disciples, it is also true that a large class among us take the other side, and they exceed in the direction of benevolence and sentiment, that they hope the best in spite any past disappointments, and that they gaze with interest on the deadly struggle and warfare with evil in which the combatant, after a severe fall, stands on his legs again, and appa rently copes manfully with his antagonist. There is a considerable class whose bias is rather in favour of romantic revolutions in modern life, and whose predilection, if they would own it, favours the returning and repentant prodigal rather than the righteous who need no repentance. This amiable and philanthropical part of society would certainly not reject the reformed criminal who,could bring with him the testimonial of a certain period of good conduct and respectability. And once ad mitted to a situation, even though he is under a cloud at first, his re-establishment in life is secured ; a year or two's respectable employment is a recom mendation for good to the world at large, and a tes timonial which gives him a wholly fresh start. HERALD.—There have been rumours of late, sa frequent as to induce a belief that they are not alto gether without foundation, that the Confederates intend to add to their army a large force of eman cipated Degrees. These reports corns only from Northern sources, and may be merely the fruit of that terror which always haunts the conscience of great criminals. The Yankees know that they have done their best to collect a negro force, par d tl i y isap to . save the lives of soldiers whose place it is becomin g signally docile d daily more difficult to fill, and partly to alarm the insti tuted o South with the idea of a general se rvile war. The y know that their hopes have be en pointed. Their negro troops have pupils in the school of p l un d e r and massacre by the Federal general s, under the auspices and patronage of the Presi dent ; but if they are be made use of as a screen for their comrades, i t is necessary that the bayonets of their fellow -soldiers should drive them forward upon the bayonets of their masters. They find, moreover, that except where a long hostile occupation of the country, and the effect of repeated Abolitionist solicitations to idleness, rap i n e, and murder, have debauched the minds of the ©laves, they are legally attached to a n a d nd ze p a r l o o p u e s r i t n y th e i r masters, t c h o e re c t .: c '- t n i f t e te d ce t o e l ; i t t h h e e i i r r c na h a a s r t g e e r . 's familyiln whatever may be the opinion of those heroes of New England pulpits " who point like fingerposts the way they never go," and take good care to keep themselves safe from all risk of a practical acquaintance with the South, the Fede ralists in general are becoming aware that it is quite in the power of their enemy to retaliate upon them their own fiendish policy, and that the negroes may be used with much more effect against their pre tended friends than against their hereditary mas ters. It may be that to this consciousness alone, and to the terror it inspires among those who feel that it may soon be their turn to suffer what they have tried to inflict, is due the frequent repetition of these reports of negro levies in Tennessee and elsewhere. We have heard, in deed, one suggestion which might account for them. President Davis has manifested from the outset an obstinate resolution under no possible circumstances to imitate the Yankee practice of putting prisoners to death in cold blood; and his determined clemency has provoked great complaints among the countrymen of the men so basely mur dered by Burnside, Butler, and M'Neill. Yet he can hardly hope to save the lives of Federal officers taken in command of negroes, unless he could ex change them against Confederate officers holding a similar position. It will never be possible for him to propose to deal with Federal Sepoys as with the equal antagonists of Southern soldiers. It is said, too, and with some justice, that the heavy losses of the Confederates and the resolution of Mr. Lincoln to strengthen his armies by the enrolment of ne groes, may have forced the South to a similar expe riment. Bat the levy en masse of the white popu lation ought to furnish as large a force as the Con federates can require ; and the negroes of the North are not numerous enough to prove a formidable ad dition to Federal strength. And the enrolment of negroes would be exceedingly unpalatable, both to the army and to the people. The Confederate ge nerals are soldiers and gentlemen, and they have resisted strenuously all endeavours to make them depart from the usages of civilised warfare, and to imitate the barbarism of their antagonists ; and it is not likely that they would look favourably on the enlistment of troops whom it would hardly be possible to restrain within their own chivalric rules. The soldiery, though less averse than the Federal ists to negro comrades, could hardly fail to feel their presence a degradation. And every Southerner would understand at once that the enrolment of ne groes would give a death-blow to slavery, and thereby inflict irreparable ruin upon the property of the States. No man who has once fought for the common fatherland can in any country be held as a slave. Everywhere the right to beer arms is the characteristic of a freeman, and the fact of having borne arms suffices to emancipate the bondsman. And the presence in the South of a hundred thou sand negroes freed for military service would render the retention of their brethren in slavery a moral anomaly and a political impossibility. We are sure, therefore, that the enrolment of negro soldiers, espe cially in any considerable number, is the last card that the South will. play; and we hardly think that she is reduced so low as to be forced to play it already. In her extremity, no doubt, she will have recourse to such a measure, though with full fore knowledge of its ruinous character; exactly as in their extremity the Dutch never hesitated to lay their country under water. COUNTRY MARKETS. 1. , NEWARK.—WEDNESDAY. Wheat in this district is much above an average crop, and other kinds of grain will be a prolific yield. White wheat new, 49s to 51s ' Barley, grinding..2Bs to 30s Red do. 44s to 47s Oats, old, .. 27s to 30s Old white 46s to 50s New do 25s to 27s Red do. 44s to 49s 1 Beans.. 41s to 43s Barley, malting 37 s t o 39 s 1 Beans, new —s to —s HULL—TUESDAY. The wheat trade since our last has been very inactive. The harvest, with favourable weather, is progressing well. At to-day's corn market there was a small supply of Eng lish old wheat, which was taken off slowly at about the prices of last week. A few samples of new were offered. Foreign was quite neglected at rather less money than last Tuesdey. Barley sold slowly, at last week's prices. Oats 6d down, with a limited demand. Beans and peas slew at rates in favour of buyers. Wheat.... Old white per qr. 47s Od to 60s Od Old red Nev white .. ~ New red .... „ Barley.... English malting 36s Od to 378 Od Grinding 26s 6d to 28s Od Saal and Oderbruck Holstein and Danish 3os Od to 31s Od Grinding 2Bs Od to 31s Od Oats English, old 26s Od to 28s Od Archangel and Riga, per at Osl2id to 13(1 Friesland and Dutch oBl3d to 08130 Swedish and Danish o2l2id to os l3 d Beans ....English, old, per qr. 43s od to 45s Od New pigeon 42s Od to 41s Od New tick. 4os Od to 42s Od Egyptian .. 33s Od to 34s Gd Peas Foreign boilers ... 36s Od to 38s 01:1 Grinding Tares ....Spring. —B Od to —s od Indian Corn Linseed, feeding s2s Od to 56s Od crushing Linseed cakes (Hull) 110 0 0 to £0 0 0 Foreign Bl5 oto 9 0 0 Rape cakes 6 0 oto 0 0 0 Bones 5 5 oto 510 0 LYNN—TUESDAY. I At this day's market there was a limited show of wheat, at a reduction of Is per quarter. A good demand for new malting barley, which commanded high prices. beans also brought high rates, and oats were in favour of buyers. White ..46s to 48s I Barley . . 3Bs to 408 Red .. Beans .36s to 40s I Oats.. New —s to —s I Peas —s to ---01 COAL b ?noes of Coal per Ton w s. d. Tar-d.Deld Moor 12 6 ranfield Moor Butee 12 6 West Hartley 16 0 Davison's West Hart- AB KET. the close of the market. ..........-...... ....... --- --- R. d North Pelton Ga 5..... 13 3 Walls End. Haswell . ...17 9 Tunstall South Kelloe l6 9 H.eugh Hall 16 9 Russel's Helton 16 9 Hartlepool.. l7 South flartlepool„.., 16 6 A, 42 ; sold, 21. l ey-- - • • --- -- - 16 0 Lambert's West Hart- _ -- ITy 16 0 Carway and Duffryn Malting l2 0 Ships at mark Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton .. Sept. 18. via Marseilles Sept. 12. Brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Sept. 3• Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena—Aug. 2 9 • China, Penang, and Singapore, via Suuthampton.Sept. 1. via Marseilles Aug. 27. Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton Aug. 25. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Sept. 1. via Marseilles Aug. 27. India (Bombay), via Southampton via Marseilles Sept. 4. Portuga1.... Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Aug. 2 5 ' via Marseilles Aug. 27. Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.....S A e u p g t.. 2 19. by U.S. packet.... by Canadian packet. Aug. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe S ep t. Bahamas, via New York Aug. 27. Mexico.. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Feru, Aug. 28. California. and Briti s h Columbia.. [ADTERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Pills.—Bad in Health. —The sources of human infirmities are very numerous, bu t they chiefly resolve themselves into tainted blood. Thee° pills were invented to remove this fertile ground of sickness , and admirably do they effect their purpose without straining the most delicate constitution. They abstract eyeryatom of impurity from the blood, regulate the distribu t i on to every portion of the body, correct all depraved , deficient, or i h n itiTe d lf u l l ucli suffering. excessive secretions, and expel all oppressive accumulations from the glands and bowels. Thousands .o! persons consider them the best and safest family wedmine• Holloway's Pills are purchasable in all parts . of . the globe at such nio. =AY keep himself dsuepraptleiepdriwceitshththaetmth,eanpdoosrasyste Births. C E 2s s t q h , in ,f st. a , saotn? alby Rectory, the ladi C AMP BELL. —On the 17 th inst., at Scarborough, Lady Campbell, o f Barealdine, of a da ug ht er. A: f I A PB . E C L . L c —arnOpnbtehn,e GODFRIZT.--On the 24th inst., at Bryn Estyn, N. Walerit Mrs. Charles Godfrey, of a son. METCALFE.—On the 25th inst., at Dane Court, St. Peter ists % Thanet, the wife of C o l one l M etcalfe, C.B. (ret i re d l B e ngal), of a daughter. Marriages. BYNG--GARTII.—On the 25th inst. at Hurst Chur ch, Barks, Captain J. C . Byng R.N.:youngest son of the late Vice-Admi ra l the Hon. J. D. Byng, to Pen°loP° Margaret, third daughter of the late Capt. Garth, 104.° of Haines-hill, Wilts. WITZLEBEN—STLTZER.-OEL the 25th inst., at SL Jatne s .'., l4 Piccadilly, Edmund Baron von Witzieben, of Be r ''''.! to Maim, the eldest daughter of the late David Sil ig', Esq. Deaths. ALSTOR.—On tbo 25th inst., at Dennington, Suffolk, To /Jll E. D. Alstor, 8.A., aged 23. BELL HOUSE.—On the 25th inst., at Deechfield, Sale, near Manchester, John Bellhouse, Esq. COOK.—On the 21st inst., at Clapham-road, Mr. Thorao" Aynsley Cook, aged 68. 6; SAUNDERS,--On the 25th inst., at Kingdown, Bris tol, L. Saunders, Esq., aged 55. dolls STEDALL,—On the 25th inst., at Croydon, Henry o,e Esq., aged 86. SUTTON.—On the 22d inst., at 29, Queen Anne-street, S. Sutton, Esq. szef• WILD.—On the 24th inst., at Fletching Vicarage, the A-- Spencer Dodd Wild, agd 64. YOUNG.—On the 24th inst., at 12, Palace-garden 'gilt Kensington, Alexander Young, Esq., late of Alelbonts London : Printed and Pub!ished WILLJ.A.3I.ADM R .,, j 11.! of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SUN ()M ee '‘ C. at Strand, la the Precinct of the lavoy. in tile CountY itliddleoctg.-7Thursqv, August 27, 103. a a Pa col Rd 5d rai ra, Lo ph am evi exi Int hot th( tin' Off up BSC po 7 wh Fr Ri' 1-N]