The Sun. — London, England, 1854-02-14 00:00:00

THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHI. Proprietor, Mr. B. Webster.—Directress , Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING, Fzu. 14, TUE WEATHER.--Sus Orr:crs, FEE. 14. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 44—highest since noon Yesterday. 30—lowest this morning and during the night. 41—this day at noon. BAROMETER, 30'58. WIND, N.W.—Fine, sunshiny weather. • ,8 * r e fTbl 44. cIEPAPINF.4 LONDON, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 14, 1854.. Yesterday, the 13th of February, 1854, will be memorable in the annals of the progress made in the great system of Parliamentary representation. It will be memorable, whatever the result of the speech then delivered by Lord JOHN Russnia,--- supposing that speech lead (which is improbable) to nothing more than a fruitless agitation, or sup posing, on the contrary, that it prove actually (as was intended), inaugurative of the " large measure" of Reform, upon which the Coalition is known to have staked, at once, its existence and its reputation. Whatever, we say, be the con sequence of the elaborate statement laid before the House of Commons last evening by its Leader, the principles then asserted by the Noble Lord, in his position as one of the most eminent statesmen within the popular branch of the Legis lature, are of a nature such as cannot fail to se- cure to the date of their enunciation an elevated and permanent place in the national remembrance. As yet, indeed, it would be simply premature to deal with more than the broad principles upon which has been based the scheme of Parliamentary innovation proposed to the country by its present Government. It were mani fes tly premature to enter at this moment, on the morrow of the day upon which thewhole of this comprehensive, and in many respects most complicated, project was first ex plained by its principal originator—it were mani festly premature to adventure forthwith upon the examination of those broad and fundamental. principles upon which the details have been built up—it remains yet to be considered (later on) whether as an incongruous or as an harmonious superstructure. Changes so considerable as those proposed last evening by Lord JOHN RUSSELL require ample leisure for their close and impartial consideration. Fairplay, indeed,, demands some pause before opinions are► pronounced upon the numerous, and many of them minute, and most of them un precedented, innovations suggested by the Admi nistration. It would be altogether unjust to attempt a premature analysis of a measure so eminently requiring for its proper estimate the calmness of unimpassioned deliberation. Therefore as Lord JOHN himself prefaced his remarks yester day by endeavouring to propitiate the most pre judiced of. his hearers by depreciating the import ance of the Bill, for leave to introduce which he was about to ask the House of Commons—so would we here hintat the propriety of according to the Noble. Lord's statement a careful and (as far as possible) :an inapaztial scrutiny prior to our ad-- venturin3 upon its detailed and piecemeal exami nation. H, in this way, we regard the proposed mem sure of i?arliamentary Reform in its entirety, we reco • gnise,, at the firat glance, an enormous omi3- sion. A n omission such as, in our view, cannot but miliiklte against its efficacy, if it be ey,ar brought i nk itsprent shape i n t o ac t ua l operat i col. It must 1)43 obvi o usthe instant th a t we a ll u dl e here to th te great omission of th e B a ll ot. Wi thol it, the Ballot. we believe that every e ff or t w ill b e va i nly made to put rify our systeera of Without the B a ll ot , w popular repr esen t a ti oix. majority ixf the peo ri omen never be really repre believe that the v er it a br e sented in the Lowe ple can of Parliament An d the New Reform Bill, the re me d a m su in re is " tr ::!* the Coalitii, the sheet anchor" m of the A tion, as explained last evening to EL the H ouse of Commons I.)y Lord JOHN RUSS reference w hatever to th e 13all e t__ L ' had no s ort )f passed the lar cry for Jai° Ballot o ver as popu dumbl y a" indiffer ently as it might have Passe e of some little Chartist faction for the demand d b v tli extension . D f the suffrage to the entire male adult population. This omission of the Ballot we regard as the main flaw in the new Reform Bill as sketched (nit yesterday by I ford (lord JOHN RUSS ELL . Conspicuous , however, if not pre-emi neir ,. among the clr ief merits of the " large measur e' of the Coaliti on is that introduced to the noti oe of the Notts e of Commons last evening 1 ) ; Lord JOHN'S significant avowal, that the 13 of 1831 di d not make sufficient provi3i(nt for the adm i sion of the Working Classes, their admission, t b at is to say, to the enjoyment of the; P r ivileges a' ac 1 prerogatives of representation. Re eo to necessity of compensating for this p o li o ' ardliness of the Bill of 1831, by the ten ' eal /el ini . ficence of the Bill of 1854, Minis t " d"°B to open the door wider, now, by ex -6 th ' ° suffrage to all th ose who are rated at with a - residence of two years and a halm, THEATRE ROYAL DRIIRT-LANE. Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. THIS EVENING, FEB. 14, Will be performed THE STRANGER. Cearacters by Mr. G. V. llrooke, A. Yonnge, and Belton; Mies Featherstone, Mrs. Vickery. To conclude With KING HIIMMINGTOP ; or, Harlequiin and the Lard or Toys. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Under the management of Mr. Btu:Astons. THIS EVENING, Fla. 14, Will be pertOrmed a new comic drama. called RANELAGIi. Characters by Messrs. Vandenhoff, W. Farren, and Backstone Miss Reynolds, Mrs. Fitzwilliam, &c. After which, the Grand CHRISTMAS PANTOMIME, called HARLEQUIN AND THE THREE BEAR', ; or, Little Silverhair •nd the Fairies. Columbine, Miss M. Brown; Harlequin, Mr. J. Marshall; Pantaloon, Mr. W. A. Barnes; Clown, Mr. H. Marshall. EOTAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. Under the Management of Mr. Cneal.zs Kzex. THIS EVENING, Fps. 14, Will be performed THE LANCERS; or, The Gentleman's Son. Principal characters by Messrs. Meadows, Ryder, Everett, H. Mellon, ad D. Fisher; Mrs. Winstanley, Miss Daly, and Miss C. Lecler e q* After which will be presented the new Grand CHRISTMAS PAN TOMIME, entitled HARLEQUIN AND THE MILLER AND HIS MEN; or, King Salamander and the Fairy of the Azure Lake. Harlequin, Mr. Cormack ; Clown. Mr. Huline ; Pantaloon, M.r. Paulo; and Columbine, Miss Desborough. LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the Management of Madame Vestris. THIS EVENING, Fizz. 14, Will be performed A BACHELOR OF ARTS. Characters by Iteasts * C. Mathews, F. Matthews, and Baker; miss F. Hughes. After which, the original Fairy Extravaganza, called ONCE UPON A TIME THERE WERE TWO KINGS. Principal cha racters by Mr . Itoxby and Madame Vestria. To conclude with PATTER VERSUS CLATTER. Popular New Nautical Melodrama Will be presented the highly lu Ave taoleanz, with new scenery, the Sea of Ice, &c., new dresses and appointments. called THE TEIIRST OF GOLD; or, THE LOST Sail' AND THE WILD FLOWER OF MEXICO. Principal characters by Messrs. B. Webster, Keeley, Paul BedfOrd, Madame Celeste. &c. To be followed by the popular and entirely N ew Grand Specta- Cular legendary Ch r istmas piece, in two act s , with new scener y, dresses, machinery , an d a pp oint ne s ts, called N UMBER NIP THE SPIRIT BRIDE. Principal character! by . r Madame Celeste, Mrs. Keeley , Miss Woolgar, • p AEU Bedford , , ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. A. Wigan. THIS EVENING, Fas. 14, • 'Krill be performed THE FIRST NIGHT. Characters by Messrs. Alfred vin gA n, Leslie, Franks, Harwood Cooper, and Vincent ; Miss p. Horton. and Miss WYadharn. mega,Atter win Altred ch, Wiga THE BE sIieNGAL TIGER. P r i ncipal characters by . n, Le, and F. Robson ; and Mrs. A. Wigan, Followed by THE WANDERING MINSTREL. STRAND THEATRE. So'e Lessee, Mr. F. W. Alicroft.—Directress, Miss Rebecca Isaacs . THIS EVENING, FED. 14, Will be ptlforrael THE ROBBER'S WIFE. To be followed by STATE SECRE TS; or, The Irish Ambassador II Afte , which, the new grand Comic Christmas Pantomime entitled 4.ItLEQUIN AND KIN NUTCRACKER; or, The World of Toys. Clown, by the inimitable Flexmore ; Harlequin, Mr. Bologna ; Pantaloon, Mr. Griffiths; Columbine, Miss Goward. StalLs, 53.; Boxes, 33.; Pit, is. Gd; Gallery, Gd.; Private Boxes. 11. 1 Is. 6d., to be had of Mr. Allcroft, 15, New Bond-street. ASTLErS EUROPE'S NATIONAL AMPHITHEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. William Cooke. Extraordinary combination of attraction —The Performing Ele phants, whose wondrous feats and hitherto unheard of incredible Performances now share their nightly triumphs with their petite rival LE SINGZ SAVANT ; or, Nimble Marmozet. He is indeep another wonder, for his tricks and exercises are achieved with each human-like action, that the beholder can readily imagine he is watching in a mirror the reflective actions of a man. In addition to these" Zoological Stars," the Grand Chinese Spectacle (which has reached its 56th night). The inimitable Scenes of the Arena, and the successful and gorgeous Pantomime, forming the most novel and unparalleled entertainment ever offered to the public. THIS EVENING, Fs/1. 14, and during the week, THE WISE ELEPHANTS OF THE EAST, or THE MAGIC GONG, in which ‘lr. William Cooke's Matchless Seenes of the CIRCLE, and the Grand Comic Pantomime of BILLY BUTTON'S JOURNEY TO BRENTFORD ; or, Harlequin and the Lail es' Favourite. Sox-Mice open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. MOH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Hl3 DAY —Morning 1 min.after 3 I Evening 16 miu.aft. 3 To-Mosaow—Morning 33 min.after 3 Evening 48 min.aft 3 The first three Government measures have been favourably received by the House of Commons. No one, at the present price of coals, was reluc tant to throw open the coasting trade; none could with decency object to the r cost stringent propo sitions on which a Governmbent would venture for suppressing bribery and " n.ndue influence ;" and it would require no small h:Lrdihood to defend our present law of settlement and of compulsory re movals of the poor. As Mr. Baprzs shows, on the authority of a Parliamezttary committee of the highest character, and by appeals to every one's knowledge who has paid attention to the subject, the present law is not only an intolerable cruelty to the poor, but in numerous instances a real injury to their employers. The detestable system of " close parishes," as it is termed, where one or two proprietors combine to keep the poor from acquiring settlements on the property they cul tivate, thereby forcing the burden of their pauperism on the neighbouring parishes, and compelling their labourers to walk many weary miles backward awl forward to their work, has long and justly been marked for de struction at the earliest opportunity. Even slave proprietors do not waste the strength of their "Diggers" in this way, nor farmers that of their horses. For the following fact we can vouch, though we suppress names : A large farmer living about four miles from a 'city was met by an acquaintance who lived there, and informed that it was reported he was going to keep his farm horses at the White Horse.—an inn within the city gates. The rustic p•otentats indignantly inquired whether "he thought him a fool, or whether the cit was a fool, himself." The wag assured him that it was generally believed. Why, rejoined he of the top-boots and riding-whip, " do you think I should let my horses tire themselves out before they got to their work, and have to walk all that way back afttu7 they had done it ; you must be a fool to take that in !" " Well then," was the reply, "how is it that four of your labourers lodge at tilt-) White Horse, and that you won't let them have a house in your parish ; or do you care moire about tiring your horses than your men ? Which is the fool now, sir I" A faint defence of the close parishes was, indeed, ventured by Mr. :KNIGHT on Monday, Sir J. TROLLOP; however, whose aid he seemed anxious to purchase by commendations, would not take the bribe, but declared decidedly for the principle of the Government measure. Notwith standing his plaints no one seemed to recognise the injustice of making parishes which had escaped rates by refusing holnes to their labourers, share the burdens as well as the privileges of property. Mr. BAINES'S propositions are two. " That from the passing of this bill it shall not be lawful to remove any poor person by force upon the ground of settlement from any parish in England or Wales ;" and that " the area of chargeabi lity shall no longer be the parish, but the union." lie aims ultimately at equal rating as be tween the parishes of each mnion, and the hard ship of this upon some parishes he proposes to lighten by removing ineqnslities at the rate of one-tenth per annum, so as to extend the process over ten years. As to the first proposition, it is a sheer necessity. The cruelty to the poor, and the cost to the ratepayers of nearly 14,000 re movals, of at least 40,000 persons per annum, have settled that point. It is, moreover, the ne cessary complement of free trade. If commerce in every shape is liberated from restrictions, so must be the labour by which commerce is created. The operative must be made free of his country ; and he can never be so if a week's distress, or an unforeseen, accident subjects him to a compulsory removal to the place where he or his grand father, it may be, was born ; a place which may have become to him almost a foreign land. We are not quite clear, from Mr. BAINES'S speech, as to his mode of reconciling union, instead of parish settlement, with the abolition of forcible removal. Sir JOHN PAKINGTON wished him to make his bill clear on the poor man's " right of settlement." It seems to be taken for granted that settlement as well as rating will go with the union ; of course, in ten years time, no parish would have any interest in removing a pauper within its own union. But if Mr. BAINES'S doc trine be accepted, that relief can be claimed where the destitution occurs (and it ought to be so), and if the destitute man cannot be compelled to re move to the union of his settlement, it would seem that his support must fall upon the union in which he is resident at the time. If so, of what use is a right of settlement to him ? It can be of avail only in the case in which, after short residence in a distant union, which has not, therefore, become a home to him ; he may desire to be removed to his real home when circumstances have disabled him from earning his livelihood among strangers. The re servation of such a right would be certainly humane and desirable. Mr. PASRLEY has reminded us, in his admi rable work, " Pauperism and the Poor Laws," that " district relief" was tried under the statute of 14 Elizabeth, c. 5, till it was superseded by the 39 Elizabeth c. 3, the fundamental act of our present system of parochial relief ; and he seems disposed to lay great stress on its failure and supercessiou by a return to the parish system in a reign of ex traordinary administrative ability. He also points out the important fact, that the rating varies almost as much between different unions as it does between parishes in the same union. In Glou cestershire the average of the Tewkesbury Union is 101 d. in the pound, that of the Dursley one 3s. sid. In the North Riding of Yorkshire, the Darlington Union pays on the average Bd., the Reath Union 2s. 614., in the pound, and the list may be enlarged indefinitely. Mr. BAINES retains the Union as the area of rating and the basis of management, chiefly on the ground that local supervision and local interest are essential to pre- ! whereby it is calculated that the right of voting will be extended to a considerable number of the labouring population. It is the principle of this we look to—the principle which has now been formally asserted that the working classes have a right to a somewhat larger share in the system of national representation. Wherefore, we repeat, it is already apparent to us that the prominent merit of the New Re form Bill of the Coalition is its declaration of this great principle--its chief demerit the total omission of the Ballot in its scheme of innova tions. A measure so considerable as this requires, however, let us add once more, time for its due and deliberate consideration. The reasonableness of which assertions must be at once manifest when it is remembered that the New Reform Bill involves the disfranchise ment of 29 boroughs which have fallen below 300 electors and have less than 5,000 for a popula tion, and the substitution of one for two Members in the instance of 33 boroughs having less than 500 electors and under 10,000 for a population ! A project consequently placing 62 seats at the disposal of the Legislature, or rather 66, includ ing the forfeited seats of St. Alban's and Sud bury Remember that these 66 seats the "large measure" of the Coalition proposes to distribute thus--by giving another member to those coun ties which have (exclusive, of the population of represented towns) more than 100,000 as their population, by dividing the West Riding of York shire, which has a population of 800,000, and the Southern Division of Lancashire, which has 500,000 inhabitants, and allotting to each of the four divisionsthree representatives, byawarding an additional member to all towns having more than 100,000 inhabitants—an.cl by other additions giving representatives to tine Inns of Court, to the University of London, to two of the larger towns of Scotland, and to the Sioottish Universities, to Birkenhead, and Staley-bridge, and Burnley, and Chelsea, and Kensington. Remember all these, and the remaining points of the scheme proposed to the House af Commons yesterday evening, by Lord JOHN MINSELL, and it must then, we conceive, be obvious enough to any man's capacity—that some modeirate lapse of time is requisite in order to enalile the country ade quately to appreciate the "large measure" sug gested by her MAJESTY'S Government. THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 14, 1854. vent the boundless jobbery and extravagance ine -1 vitably consequent upon a national rate. Mr. PASHLtY proposes to retain the local management, and to secure local interest concomitantly with a national rate, by an ingenious management. He would pay two-thirds of the total sum required for poor-rates by a national rate ; the other third by each parish paying, in addition to its two-thirds of the national rate, one-third of its own ex penses. Thus assuming that is. in the pound would raise a sum of 6,000,000/. as a national rate, every parish without exception would pay its two thirds, that is Bd. in the pound ; and would pay, in additon, one-third of its actual outlay for the poor, whether it were more or less than Bd. Thus, supposing the parish rates amounted to ls. 6d. per annum, it would pay Bd. + 6d., that is, ls. 2d. Suppose they only amounted to 6d., it would still pay its Bd. and one-third of 6d-10d. in all, as its actual rate. He considers that thus no very much heavier burden would fall upon any parish, while yet the effects of good management would be sufficiently felt to stimulate watchfulness and care. He objects to equal Union rating that, as it would be managed by guardians, and as the average of number of parishes are twenty three to each Union, each guardian would have an interest of but a twenty-third part in keeping the expenses down. It appears, indeed, that Union expenses are even now much less watched than parish expenses. Here, however, we are met by the ever-recurring difficulty in this great national problem. In proportion as you make ratepayers feel the weight of their own expenditure they will endeavour to lighten it— issuing, in this case, in hardship for the dis tressed. In proportion, on the other hand, as you approved a national rate, the inappreciable consequences to each locality of its own good or bad management insure, at the least, neglect and waste, if nothing else. We shall have, however, abundant opportunity to return to this• great subject. MONEY MARKET AND COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. CITY, TWO O'CLOCK. The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday were estimated at 9,000 bales, of which 1,000 American and 2,000 Surat were taken for export and on speculation. There was a good demand, especially for Surat, and, compared with Friday's rates, prices of all kinds were extreme. The sales comprised 4,500 American ; 550 Pernam and Ma ranham, at 6d. to sid. ; 200 Bahia, at bid. to 61d. ; 600 Egyptian, at 6d. to 11d. ; 3,000 Surat, at 2icl. to 40., and 60 Sea Island at .ls. to Is. Bd. per lb. Railway Shares were firm. The steamer Great Britain is telegraphed as having arrived at Liverpool, and she brings 164,465 ounces of gold, say 650,0001. Probably there may be in the hands of the passengers, 199 in number, I€4oool. more, making the total about three quarters of a million sterling. The dates from Melbourne are December 4, and from Sydney not : later than those received yesterday, namely Nov. 19. The first shipment of cotton from Sydney to Liverpool is on board this steamer. The price of gold at Melbourne was 775. per ounce. The letters will not be delivered until to-morrow. The steamer Niagara, from New York, brings 62,000 dollars. The letters are not yet delivered. At the meeting of the Victoria London Dock Company, to be held to-morrow, a very favourable report will be presented by the directors. The en gineers state that nearly all the land required has been purchased, and almost the whole of the 200 acres to be provided by the contractors, and most of the additional land, have been paid for and conveyed to the company. The board of directors propose that 704,000/. should represent the total amount of the com pany's expenditure, with the exception of any subsidiary works that may hereafter be found to be desirable, as the enlargement of the company's capital is authorised by Act of Parliament any time within 7 years. There will be a half-tide basin of 16 acres, an inner clock of 74 acres, more than 11 acres of warehouse floor, jetties affording 6,000 feet of quay frontage, in addition to the sides of the dock, and 110 acres of land. As the in crease of business must be gradual, it may be anticipated, that additional dock accommo dation beyond that already contracted for will not be required during the first two or three years after the opening of the dock. The large extent of land, (upwards of 400 acres) owned by the Company, in addition to the 200 acres which form the site of the Dock and other works now in progress, will give the Company the means of providing all the accommodation of the kind usually supplied by docks, which the trade of London may eventually be found to require, and will enable it to afford to the different trades, who may be expected to resort to the Victoria Docks, such other accommodation as may be suited to the requirements of each. The company will have the means of supplying warehouses, yards, dry docks, timber ponds, or any other premises and conveniences, which may be adapted to particular branches of trade. Looking to the extent and variety of the business, the accommodation of which falls within the company's province, and the comprehensive, and in some respects novel, character of its plan, it appears to the board that great eventual advantage is likely to arise to the company from such delay in the further extension of the works as will enable them to take advantage of the overtures, which may be made to them by parties seeking spe cial accommodation, or of the suggestions which experience may furnish. It will be seen from the annexed accounts, that the amount paid by shareholders in anticipation of calls amounts to 53,8961. upon the old shares, and 28,7061. upon the new. The option of paying up in advance either the whole or any part of the sum remaining uncalled upon the shares, and receiving 5 per cent. upon the amount so paid, remains open to such holders of either the old or new shares as may be disposed to avail themselves of it. A resolution will be proposed to the meeting au thorising the board of directors to borrow 133,0001. either on debentures, or on mortg ag e, on such terms as they may think advisable, in conformity with the act of Parliament. The grant of this au thority is necessary for facilitating the Company's financial arrangements. The anxiety attending the present settlement of the Consol account, owing to the large differences of a party highly connected in the City, has been allayed in some measure by the arrangements made through relations for meeting, we believe, the en tire amount. Upon this point we cannot yet speak positively, and the matter is one to be exceedingly regretted, because it gives rise to various rumours which probably have rto valid foundation. Every one acquainted with City affairs knows that the party in ques (ion has been di rector in an unusually large number of com panies, good, and indifferent— Nothing is brought forward against his good faith or integrity, but it has long been a matter of c o nunent as to the pro priety, seeing his connection with parties who might be affected by any involvement of his wholly engaging in such undertakinp. Many are of opi nion that Stock Exchange Losses are by no means the cause of the present embarrassment, but the indisposition of his very wealthy connections to continue further aid. Large contracts are stated to be in existence, and althocugh we presume they may be successfully carried (nit, they represent a sum which, iu the aggregate,, is too much for the means of any but a powerful capitalist not depen dent upon others. We shalLl say no more upon this point, and trust that the, steps taken will be ultimately the best for all par ties. Although the Stockarked is very quiet, there is considerable firmne ss, and - the settlement of t h e m account, which takes P l ace t c)-morrow, i s l ik e l y to show a scarcity of Consols. The prices have been 91. i. and 92k for transfer, b - irt not lower than 92 to k for account. Exchequer Bills have continued at 17s. to 20s. premium. Bunk Stock is firm a 216 to 217. The Foreign Securities barn been firmer gene rally. Spanish Three per OE atts. have been 404 to 41, being per cent, better. Mexican Bonds have been supported at 251 to h- The Grenada De ferred Stock is at 7. Russiai o Bonds have been at 90 for the Four - and-a-Half per Cents. Dutch four per Cents. are at 93. The Railway Share market. has been very buoy ant, and there is more doing;;. Caledonian have risen 11., Great Northern (A";s) 2/. to 31., North- Western about 1/., Midl and I OS. to 1./., ork and Berwick 10s., and the ernalle r lines in proportion. French Shares are nominal. Luxembourg have improved. _ _ BsITISII MINES. —A moderate iiquiry exists at firmer prices, with one or tw•c► exceptions. Those most in favour are Arundells.. 255. to 30s. ; Alfred Consols, 25 ; North Pool, 191_ 195 ; Sortridge Con sols, 1 1k ; Great Crinnes, 32s . 6d. to 355.; Great Tregunes, 24 ; Tassau Lew i, ; Poltimores, par ; Mollands, 4. The current prices for the Jamaica Mines not officially quoted are as follow s :—Metcalfe, to prem. ; Sue River, I dis. to pax ; Port Royal, to prem. The Gold Mines are nomii is 1. Australian have been as low as 1i to 2. The Land Companies' shares ; are rather higher, and more is doing in the Dia al. BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY .- —CLOSING PRICES. (Prom the Official . kiSt.) Business done Bank Stock ........ .. . ............. ...... .... 216 17 1 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 92 i 6 i $ 3 per Cent. Consols Annuities 9l 21 14 New 34 per Cent. Annuities 93i 1 4 3i Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan., 18 60 ..• 51 Consols for Account 15th Feb. Exchequer Bills, ld. £lOOO 17 20 ...• .. .2500 Small l7 20 p ...., ~.. .. ....... PRICE OF FOREIGN FM\ rl )S THIS DAY. Grenada Bonds, Deferred Wexican 3 per Cent. Peruvian Bond s , 41 per Cent. Russian Bonds, 1822, 5 per Cent. £;1 t — -- Ditto 41 per Cent .. 90 ..... Sardinian Bonds, 5 per Cent Spanish Bonds, 3 per Cent .. 41 401 Spanish New Deferred, 3 per Cent.— ...... 19 1 Venezuela Bonds, 31 per Cent -- 28 1 Dividends on the above payable I n London. Datch Exchange, 2/ per Cent. 12 Gui 1 6li Ditto 4 por Cent. Certificates . ..... .. 2 'HBEE O'CLOCK. Consols I Ditto February Account . i . - lewski had in vain endeavoured to induce Prince Daniel to grant an amnesty to the proscribed Mon tenegrins. The Prince went recently to Trieste to see his betrothed. He is expected at Vienna. The ex-President Pietro Petrovich is dangerously ill at Cattaro. General Liprandi has assumed the com mand of the Russian army in Lower Wallachia, in the room of General Aurep, who was dismissed in consequence of the affair of Citate. The English merchants at Trebizond have ad dressed a note to the English Ambassador at Con stantinople. This document stated that the English colony cf Trebizond was numerous and. flourishing ; that its commercial transactions sur passed the yearly amount of 30 millions, and that in consequence of the return of the squadrons to the Bosphorus the city might be attacked by the Russian ships, thereby exposing them and the in habitants to a disaster like that of Sinope. It further stated that if such a calamity occurred all the English families would be ruined, as well as exposed to the greatest dangers. Finally, the address begged for the energetic protection of the royal navy. LATEST FOREIGN NEWS. THE CZAR. The recent article of the Lloyd against Russia sold off two editions of the paper, and is now sepa rately printed. On the 10th the Lloyd published another, the sum of which is, that Central Europe must unite to resist Russia, whether on the Oder or the Danube, if it would not experience the fate of Poland. Formerly, it is said, unity came from the hand of some powerful ruler, now it is the people who feel its necessity, which, aware of its danger, will tolerate nothing less than common opposition to Russia. A telegraphic despatch of the Bth, from Frank fort, says it is reported that at the next sitting of the Diet, communications of the very highest im portance will be made on the part of Prussia and Austria. These communications, it is said, will relate to the Eastern question, and to the attitude which these two powers have assumed in reference to the existing difference. The following telegraphic despatch was received in Paris yesterday. It is dated Constantinople, January 28 : " The Seraskier hasp received the following report from Selim Pasha :-- "`The Russian fleet having been apprised that the British and French squadrons had quitted Sinope to re turn to Constantinople, immediately sailed. Five frigates have attacked the fort of Chefketil (Fort St. Nicholas), which compelled them to retreat without suc cess." A letter from the Constantinople correspondent of the Independence Belge gives some further par ticulars :—A very important piece of news has been current at Constantinople for the last two days among the public and even the ministers of the Porte ; I had it myself from these latter, but not as a positive fact within their certain know ledge it is true, because the government had not yet received it in an official manner. The news is concerning a fresh attack by sea on the fort of Chefketil. As soon as the Russians heard that the combined squadrons had returned to the Bosphorus, they sent, it seems, some war steamers to bombard the fort in question, and the attack would have succeeded but for the skill and vigour of the defence. This time the Russian flotilla, severely handled by the Turkish batteries, was obliged to retire, being not a little the worse for the action. Now, this attempt, if really true, would prove that the notification made at Sebastopol itself to the commandant of the Russian naval forces in the name of the English and French admirals, has not produced much effect, and that the Russians are resolved to con tinue hostilities in the Black Sea whenever a favour able opportunity presents itself. This demonstration of theirs would be significant in the extreme, a re gular defiance in short hurled at the allied squad rons. But, I again repeat to you, this news, although it has acquired a certain consistency, has nothing official about it, and the Porte awaits with the greatest impatience despatches from the general in command of the corps at Batoum, in order that it may itself know how to act, or what to believe. Until the Turkish convoy sets sail, which it will do as soon as possible, under the escort of a division composed of ships of the line and steam frigates from the two fleets, a few English and French men of war have gone on a cruise in the Black Sea. As for the sailing ships, it appears to be settled that they are to keep to their anchorage at Beycos until further orders. Selim Pasha, who commands the Chorooksoo Division, now within the R uss i a n territory, and in possession of Cliefketil and Ozurghet, played the Russian General a knowing trick lately. The latter offered him a bribe to retire before the Russians, abandoning all his advantages. The Pasha ac cepted it, pocketed the money, and then laid the matter before a military council, when i t was una nimously resolved that the money should be dis tributed among the soldiers, which was forthwith done. The Russian General, believing that Selim had turned traitor, most anxiously looked for the retreat of the Turks, but much to his surprise they made a brisk attack, so that he found himself du ped, in their and had to retreat with all h aste, leaving 4 possession. Another telegraphic despatch, dated Vienna the Bth, states that the Russian Councillor Stupin had arrived there from Cettinie, and gives the most assurances I relative t o th e att i tude of the n M i o l nt s e i n n e g grins. The R uss i oat Colonel Kowa RUSSIA AND TURKEY. LETTER OF THE FRENCH EMPEROR TO The following are the salient points of the letter of the Emperor Louis Napoleon to the Czar. After a resume of the Eastern question, Louis Napoleon says : " If your Majesty desires as much as I do a pacific conclusion, what more simple than to de clare that an armistice shall be signed to-day ; that things shall take their diplomatic course ; that all hostility shall cease ; that all the belligerent forces shall withdraw from the places where motives of war have called them ? Thus the Russian troops shall abandon the principalities, and our squadrons the Black Sea. As your Majesty prefers to negotiate directly with Turkey, you can nominate an am baisador who could negotiate with a plenipoten tiary of the Sultan, a convention to be submitted to the Conference of the four Powers. If your Majesty adopts this plan, upon which the Queen of England and myself are perfectly agreed, tran quillity will be re-established, and the world sa tisfied. There is nothing in this plan unworthy of your Majesty—nothing that can hurt your honourable feelings. But if, from a motive diffi cult to understand, your Majesty should refuse, then France and England will be obliged to leave to the chances of arms and the hazards of war that which might be decided at once by reason and justice." It will he at least six days yet before the answer of the Emperor Nicholas to the letter of the Em peror of the French can be received ; but already the speculators on the Paris Bourse seem to have made up their minds that he must yield, and the rise in the funds has consequently ma.d e further progress. There are many, however, who still think that we are as far from the settlement of the Eastern ques tion as ever. All in Paris who ought to be best acquainted with the character and position of the Czar declare that there is not the slightest proba bility of his conceding anything, and that, even if he were willing, his doing so would be useless, as the religious fanaticism which he has roused among his subjects would force him into a war. But, notwithstanding the known obstinacy of the Czar, and the awkwardness of the position in which he has placed himself, some diplomatists continue to hope that war is not inevitable. Despatches have been received from M. de Bourqueney and General de Castelbajac, both of whom state that the chances of peace have, upon the whole, improved. M. de Castelbajac has written that the entourage of the Czar shows a better disposition, and speaks of con cessions as not impossible. M. de Bourqueney has also written to say that Count Orloff, when taking leave of M. de Buol, took him by the hand, and said, " I hope that three days after my arrival in St. Petersburg I shall be able to send you good news." It was announced at Vienna, on Sunday, on au thority that the Vienna Conference is not dissolved, although the Russian ambassadors have left Lon don and Paris. A letter from Vienna of the Bth of February says :—General Count Orloff left this morning for St. Petersburg direct by a separate train to Oder berg. M. de Fonton and the attaches of the Russian embassy here accompanied the distin guished General to the railway station. Yesterday. Count Orloff had an interview of his Majesty Fran cis Joseph, to take leave. The General also paid a parting visit to Count Buol, the Minister for Foreign Affairs. Baron Budberg, the Russian Minister at Berlin, returns to his post in the Prussian capital to-night. The Austrian. Correspondence has a somewhat complimentary, but short, article on the occasion of the departure of Count Orloff. The only passage of importance in it is as follows :—" Though the propositions of Russia have not been accepted by Austria ; nevertheless, hopes may be entertained that other means for the satisfactory solution of the Oriental question will yet be found." The Copirte Zeitung's Corre,spondenz says : " With respect to the success of the mission of the Russian Adjutant-General Count Orloff, the following indications have reached us Austria remains true to her primitively declared neu trality, but is disposed, conjointly with Prussia, to undertake a mediation for the promotion of peace and the re-establishment of a good under standing between Russia, France, and England. Russia abandon s h er d eman d to mat direct with the Porte.'" A well-informed correspondent writes hereon as follows :—" The departure of Count Orloff will not be followed by any modification of the policy which the Austrian Cabinet has adopted with respect to the Oriental question. Without entering into po sitive engagements for the future, the Austrian Cabinet will maintain its present attitude of ob servation. It will, certainly, not interfere, except with the view of maintaining the balance of power in Europe, and in the event of the most urgent necessity ; meanwhile, it will continue to act within the limits of its present neutrality as long as pos sible." THE COMBINED FLEETS. ---- A letter from Malta, of February 7, says : The Triton, despatch steamer, which left Beycos Bay at three p.m., on the 2d February, and the Golden Horn at nine on the same night, reached Valletta harbour yesterday afternoon, bringing despatches for England from Lord Stratford de Redcliffe and from Vice-Admiral Dundas, which are forwarded this afternoon to Marseilles by the Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam-ship Vectis. At the above-mentioned date the combined fleets were still at anchor at .Beycos, barring the Firebrand and Sampson (English), which left on the 27th January to await, at the entrance of the Euxine, the Descartes and Seine, which left on the 28th. These four powerful steam frigates have orders to proceed to the offing of Sebastopol, there cruise for twenty-four hours (very much like defying or rousing the bear in his den), and then return to Beycos and report proceedings. Rear-Admiral Sir Edmund Lyons was under orders to proceed on the 3d or 4th of February, with the steam force of both squadrons, for the purpose of convoying a number of Turkish steamers and transports con veying 10,000 troops, gunpowder, and other warlike stores to Batoum. The Fury, which had been simt to Odessa to deliver a despatch to the authorities thereat, returned to Beycos on the 25th without execu ing her mission, having found the approach for some distance seaward so frozen as to render all communication by sea impracticable. Cap tain Tatham, unwilling to return with the despatch, tried to push his boat through the blocks of ice, but withouit a successful result. The Vauban, from Toulon and Malta, joined the French Admiral on the 2611 January, and would be immediately fol lowed lby the Cacyque, another steam-frigate. The Spitfire left for the Dardanelles on the 2d February, conveying thither three British engineer officers, who alrrived from England on the 30th in the Banshee (which likewise brought Captain Brock of the naval surveying service), for the purpose of in spectin g the Turkish batteries and defences, and putting them into fighting order. The Caradoc ar rived at Malta from Marseilles with despatches for Con,ita ntinople from London and Paris at 9 a.m. on tho sth of February, and having on board General Sir John Burgoyne, inspector-general of fortifications and military defences, with an aide-do-camp, Captain Coote, of the 11th Hussars, Captain Fuller, of the 12th Lancers, and Colonel Ardent, of the French Engineers ; besides several other distinguished officers of the French army, who all went on in the same vessel at two p.m. Several sappers and miners, volunteers from the detachment at Malta, took passage by the same vessel for service in the Levant. The Perdrix French transport, coal laden, left Malta this morn ing for Constantinople, and will be followed this evening by the Provençal, another coal transport. A third, the Chandernagos, has just arrived from Constantinople for a like cargo, so that it would seem that there is every prospect of " going ahead." FRANCE. The French ocean squadron, under the orders of Admiral Bruat, has arrived at Algiers. The discovery of a Greek conspiracy in the do minions of the Sultan has induced the French Go vernment to address a Note, couched in strong and energetic terms, to the Government of King Otho. The Independant de la Moselle states that a number of cannon balls and shells are every day arriving at the arsenal of Metz from the founderies of Douai and Toulouse ; and adds that if the same activity prevails in the other fortified places, pre parations of war will have been made on a most extensive scale by the approaching spring. The Courrier du Nord publishes the following curious anagram, lately discovered by a magistrate at Valenciennes :—" By combining the seventy letters of the following phrase—' A sa Majeste Im p riale, le Czar Nicolas, souverain, et autoc ra t s d e toutes les Rus s i es ,' will be found letter for letter, except the vowel o,' which is doubled—' Ta vanite sera to perte, elle isole la Russie ; tes successeurs to maudirout it jamais.' " An Imperial decree, dated the 4th, promulgates the convention for the protection of literary pro perty recently concluded between France and Spain. We read in the Sieele:— " For several days past the autograph letter of the Emperor of the French to the Emperor of Russia has been spoken of. The reserve which we have employed in entering on so delicate a question may be compre hended. But since the English journals and the Assemblee Nationale have broken the ice, we think we can mention what we have collected on the subject of this letter, con sidered as a last attempt at conciliation before corning to extremities. It was on the 29th of January that the autograph letter of the Emperor of the French was sent to St. Petersburg. It was previously, it is said, communicated to the British Government. The propo sitions which it contains would, consequently, engage France and England. These propositions, it is said, may be thus summed up : A treaty of peace should be negotiated between Russia and Turkey on the bases of the Vienna note as modified by the Porte. The nego tiation is to take place directly between a Turkish plenipotentiary and a Russian plenipotentiary. The seat of the negotiations would not be either at Constantinople or at Bucharest, but in a neutral town, at which the representatives of the Four Powers would be asseeibled, to whom the convention would be naturally deferred. We shall be sober of reflections. It will suffice for us to remark that the concessions made to the Czar bear on the question of self-love and on that of time. In what touches the amount of consideration shown to a prince who com mands 70 millions of' men, we have nothing to say, ex cept that we should sincerely like, at that price, to see an honourable and solid peace re-established. As to the question of time, it is different, and we confess that we are not without distrust. Russia has so visibly need of some months to complete the concentration of her troops, that we fear she will profit by the overture made to her to obtain the delay which she may re quire. But what every one knows the governments of France and England cannot be ignorant of. The autograph letter despatched on January 29, ought to have been presented the 7th of February. In giving three or fear days for reflection, in supposing even that before deciding, the Czar has wished to await Gnint Orloff's return, the answer to the letter of the Emperor of the French ought to arrive in Paris by the 20th or 22d instant. If the Autocrat consents to nego tiate on the basis decided by the Powers and accepted by the Ottoman Porte, peace will not then have been wade ; there will always be danger that Russia will profit by the delay accorded to her to prepare better for the great struggle which she will have provoked. How ever, a significant engagement will have been entered into by the Muscovite Governm nt, awl the re-establish ment of peace will have chances which it has not at pre sent. Besides, the letter mentioned above has not slack ened the preparations." The Bourse was remarkably firm yesterday, and there was a considerable amount of business trans acted. The speculators in general appear to believe that the new negotiations opened between the Porte and the Emperor of Russia will lead to an arrangement of the differences existing between them. The Three per Cents. opened at 70f. 25c., rose to 70f. 40c., fell again to 70f. 10e., and closed at 70f. 20c. for the end of the month. The Four and-a-Half per Cents. closed at 99f. 10c. ; Orleans Railway shares, 1,105 f. ; Rouen, 925 f. ; Havre, 450 f. ; Great Northern, 760 f. ; Paris and Stras burg, 740 f. ; ditto, New, 5 87 f. 500. ; Paris and Lyons, 842 f. 50c. ; Lyons to the Mediterranean, 680 f. ; Western of France, 590 f. ; Bordeaux and Cette, 560 f. ; Great Central, 44 7 f. 50e. ; Lyons and Genev a , 46 0 f. ; Shares of the Bank of Credit Mobilier, 648 f. 75c. TA The Piedmontese l GazetteLY. of the 10th announces that the 2d Company of the National Guard of Villanova has been dissolved by a royal decree for acts of insubordination. The Genoa papers announce considerable arrivals of grain in that port during the last month, and attribute it to the late suppression of the duty on corn. The Corriere Mercantile states from Florence. sth, that the Minister of the Interior has suppressed the Gettio, a theatrical paper. The Cattolico of Genoa, a clerical organ, was seized on the Bth instant, for au unconstitutional article. Six Months at Markham. By an Officer. Partridge, Oakey, and Co. A lively and intelligent volume, upon a subject just now of enthralling fascination, is here pre sented to us by an anonymous writer, who reveals, through a style of youthful animation, the riper merits of observation and experience. His theme we learn at once, as we ought to do in all instances, from the title -page. He does not indulge in any vagaries of designation. He refrains from bewilder ing his reader, like Mr. St. John, by telling him that the book is descriptive of " There and Back Again." Neither does lie allow his work to emu late the monster in "Frankenstein," or the literary puzzle of Sir Charles and Lady Morgan, by allow ing it to come forth from his hands as a cu riosity altogether nameless. Least of all does he stamp his production with a preposterous hiero glyphic like—" &c"—that which was impressed upon the latest volume from the pen of the Lady Emmeline Stuart Wortley —a notion suggested, one might conjecture, by that inscrutable symbol prefixed to the first of the many jumbled chapters of Southey's " Doctor" —Dr. Dove, the immortal ! No—here the theme selected is plain enough—as it should be, coming from the hand of a soldier—as plain as a pike-staff. " Six Months at Martaban, during the Burmese War—by an Officer iu active service on the spot." During the Burmese War ! By an officer "in active service on the spot !" The bias of the argument may be conjectured on the instant from those few syllables. Everybody knows the force, the verve, the enthusiasm, arising from the esprit de corps : we have no precisely cor responding phrase in our own language. Here is, of this remarkable fact, in the volume before us, a brilliant and by no means unacceptable illustration. It constitutes literally nothing more nor less than a vindication, in regard to the Burmese war, of the course pursued by the Indian Go vernment. A vindication in which the author has done Yeoman's service to the Company. Now, from the first, from deliberate convic tion, from a careful study of the particulars officially given to the world upon the subject in the blue book laid several months ago upon the table of the British Parliament —we regard that war upon the Burmese as one of the most atrocious wars recorded in the annals of our power in Hie, dostan. We consider it as one of the many blots upon the Earl of Dalhousie's Government. We look upon it as another and a very heinous evi dence of the criminality with which in those re gions we have, time and again, been developing our pet system of territorial aggrandisement. The story of the rise and progress of this war upon Pegu and Burmah is altogether too long and com plicated to be adventured upon in the notice of a bound pamphlet of 131 pages octavo. Besides, our opinions upon this question have been already de tailed in our leading columns repeatedly. They have been laid before the public too often and too explicitly to remain matter of uncertainty to anyone familiar with our views in regard to the general policy of our Indian Government. It only re mains to us, therefore, in speaking of the work here offered to our consideration, to remind our readers what our real sentiments are in reference to the Burmese war ; while, at the same time, in doing so, we give our cordial welcome to this agre able journal of "Six Months at Martaban." Wel comed by us the book would be, if only from that old English tone of fairplay which was foresha dowed in the classic days of that little scrap of homely latinity, audi alteram portent, well-worn, but worth remembering. In addition, however, to this inducement to accord the book a hearing, there is another if possible yet more persuasive. An inducement which may be recognised at once after turning over the first few pages of the volume —that arising from the fact evidenced in every sentence, that the book is dictated by a manly spirit, its views, no less th an our own, being those Corn of candid' scrutiny and of impartial deduc tions. Any one might have seen, on glancing through M r . C o bd en ' s clever pamphlet about the Burmese war, that its statements might reasonably, some of them, be swallowed C 2174 grano salis. Well, here is the grain of salt to flavour them somewhat more to the palate of the general community. Ap pended to the writer'samusing accountof"SilMenths Martaban,"at is a gr aver e - say upon " the political causes which led to the establishment of British Power in India" --according to the view, that 12 to say, taken of those same causes by one among the military admirers of the British Indian Govern- meat. In the course of his argument upon this ample topic, the writer, beginning with a reference to the decay of the Mogul Empi under review the successive ad ministrati re, o p ns asses of Clive, Warren Hasti ngs, and Lord Cornwallis, embracing the defeat of Suraj-a-Dowlah an l the downfall of Tippoo Saib, recounting some of our more remark able triumphs in Asia from Plassy to Seringapatam. Altogether—setting aside some of those views we cannot but regard as most erroneous—the volume before us must, in justice, be pronounced emi nently worthy of perusal, inasmuch as it affords a picture of the seat of war in Burmah, sketched by the hand of an eye-witness, one whose manner throughout betokens him to be a generous, clear eyed, light-hearted English gentleman. AUSTRALIAN AGRICULTURAL COMPANY.-_ The sub. Australian Agricultural Company r Jotnpany :—" The . joined memorandum is from the Australian Agricultural etn chief superintendent had held an stockexperi elmitvaete, w hic hatwStroud,n in n th ] ; tier 1853. The have received satisfactory ad . vices to the 25th of Nov largest breeders of stock in the company s ine , otal saleby auction tp n o f • re , ent. The sum realized was colony being p 3 ,1141., -tuck having fetched at wholesale retail prices. It attended, some of the intended thit-tt i n future to hold quarterly sales. The was colliery return 1 ,- °tuber ; 3,472 tons sold, realizing 3,211/. Arrange tments had been made for the immediate supply of ocean steamers from the company's coal wharf at Sydney." The quotations frome, the various cot-dine/AA cities are generally favourable. On the Paris Bourse there has been a further recovery of about a half per cent. At the same time the exchange on London has become decidedly firmer, although the dealers will still be able tii send gold from London at a fractional profit. From Vienna the report shows a further reaction from the late panic, the rate on London being 12 26, while the funds have experienced an advance. This movement, how ever, is proltably owing to nothing but the eager credu lity with which in the present state of the money-mar ket any assertions of pacific intentions on the rt of the Emper or o f Russia are received. At Hamburgh money remains abundant at 11 to 2, and at Amsterdam the rate is 3 per cent., the exchanges at both places tending in favour of this country. In Belgium the ex changes continue low, and money is 21 to 3 per cent. From St. Petersburg it is stated that a limited business was taking place in produce for future shipment, some - contracts being uncon , litional, and others with a pro viso that the buyers may pay a forfeit instead of receiv ing the goods. The depreciation of the currency had now sent the rate of exchange to a point at which it would pay to export gold, but any attempt to do SO would doubtless be prohibited. , ._ _ .- SPAIN. The Madrid journals of the Bth contain no news of political interest. The Clamor Publico had been again seized. The Infante Don Henry had arrived at Geront, on his way to Valencia, where, as already stated, he has been allowed to reside. Tile works of the railway from Seville to Cordova. were about to commence. The Espana says that though the adjudication of the Northern railway was to take place in about three weeks, no company hail effected the deposits required to be allowed to make an offer. A de mand had been made by some capitalists for the concess=ion of a railway from Toledo to Trembleque, and the Minister of Public Works had received a deputation from Valladolid and other places, who requested that the Northern railway might pass by Arevalo and Avila. The Ministry was occupied with projects for various railways. - - DEPARTURE OF TROOPS FOB THE EAST, This morning a battalion of the Coldstream Guards passed through the Strand, on their way to the station of the South• Western Railway, by which they will pro ceed to Southampton, where they will remain a day or two, previous to takiag their departure, along with other portions of the British army, for Constantinople. As they marched up the Strand, preceded by the band playing the " British Grenadier," and other favourite tunes, they were followed by a great crowd of persons, who cheered them most lustily, evidently proud that we could turn out a body of such fine fellows to do duty in the East. No inconsiderable portion of the crowd con sisted of the female relatives and acquaintances of the soldiers, and it was not difficult to perceive among them many sad faces. THE BALTIC FLEET. It appears, says the correspondent of a contemporary, that several masters in the navy have been sent to sur vey the Cattegat and Baltic, to endeavour to make themselves acquainted with the pilotage of those waters, which is all very proper ; but, in the few weeks that will elapse before the fleet must sail for the Baltic, much cannot be done. Our ships will in all probability visit the Gulf of Finland, the navigation of which is not to be trifled with. Rocks, with from one to three fathoms water on them, whose vicinity is not to be ascertained by the lead ; currents uncertain, and to wards the Finland shore magnetic attractions, rendering the compasses useless ; whilst near some of the islands thick hazy weather often prevails, even in the best part of the summer season ; the navigation, therefore, of those seas ought not to be trifled with. I have no doubt that every precaution has, or will be taken by the Ad. miralty, by procuring the most efficient pilots that can be obtained. I was at Cronstadt in the summer of 1852 with a friend in a yacht. On the voyage up the Baltic and Gulf of Finland the weather was fine, though gene rally too hazy to get an observation. We were several times puzzled to account for the finding ourselves much out in our reckoning. At Cronstadt, meeting with seve ral English masters of merchant vessels, some of whom had been running between that port and Hull many years, I had a good deal of conversation with them about the navigation, and found that even those who had been constantly in the trade admitted they were often thrown much out in their reckoning. They were clever, intelli gent men, and would do no discredit to a warrant as extra acting master and pilot. The Admiralty should engage their services in such capacity, if they can, and each of our ships should have one on board. The small flag beacons will no doubt be removed from the rocks and shoals in the gulf; and every thing done to deceive our ships if they try those waters. The entrance to Cronstadt which is rendered intricate by sunken vessels laden with stone, upon which are placed small flag beacons remove able in a few minutes—is strongly fortified, and other forts were then building. The principal difficulty would be the getting at them. In the gulf we fell in with a fleet then exercising. It consisted of eight ships of the line (two of them three-deckers), and one frigate. I could hear of but one more ship in commission, and that was a two-decker as guard-ship at Revel, besides a few brigs and corvettes. In the Mole at Cronstadt were lying 17 sail of the line, two or three of them three deckers ; nearly all of them had their lower masts in, rigging up, and topmasts pointed. There were also two frigates, one of them fitting out • three or f our steamers of the M ag i c i enne class, and half-a-dozen smaller ones in the roads, in commission. I could not see or hear of their having a single screw ship in those waters. The Russian sailor may coldly face dangers and death, with the dogged indifference of an ill-fed serf, but not with the energy of a British tar, whose heart and soul is in the cause for which he fights. BANKRUPTCY COURT-(THIS DAY (Before Mr. Commissioner Evans.) IN RE ORREBO AND HAY. These bankrupts were described as of Mount-street, Lambeth, tailors, and to-day was appointed for consi deration of their certificates. The amount of the debts is only 4171., and the assets are estimated at about 3001., 2001. of which has already been realised. Mr. Beard, from the office of Mr. Buchanan, ap peared for the bankrupts, and applied for high class certificates, and there was no opposition ; but one of the assignees concurred in the application as the bankruptcy had chiefly arisen through the long continued illness of one of the bankrupts, and every item in the balance-sheet was vouched. His Honour granted immediate certificates of the second class. Mr. Beard then applied, with the approbation of the assignees, an increase of the usual allowance to the bankrupts, and a return of the court fees for the meeting. His Honour granted the application. DON PEDRO'S MOVEMENTS.—The National Gazette of Berlin, of the 10th, says :—" We understand that Don Pedro of Portugal will visit in the spring several of the Courts of Europe, commencing by London, and then proceeding to Brussels, here, Dresden, and Vienna. His Majesty will return home by Munich, Brussels, and Paris." THE DIRECTION OP THE EAST INDIA COMPANY.-013 Wednesday last, the Bth inst., Mr. Loch announced to the Court of Directors of the East India Company that it was not his intention to offer himself as a candidate for a seat in the direction, at the election of 15 directors, which, pursuant to the act of last session, will take place on the Bth of March next. Mr. Loch's address, which intimates this intention to the proprietors of East India Stock, will be found in another part of this paper. THE LONDON DOCKS.—A. portion of the large tobacco warehouse at this vast commercial establishment has been set apart and added to the cigar warehouse, ex pressly for the show of cigars to the trade. The entire building is covered with glass and otherwise rendered light, and especially well adapted to the show of this article of merchandise when exposed for the inspection of the trade. The formation of such a place has long been felt to be desirable ; and the new show-room is nearly completed, and will shortly be ready for its in tended purpose. VALENTINE'S DAY IN THE LONDON DISTRICT POST OPPICE.—This morning orders were issued by Mr. W. Bokenham, Superintending President of the Inland De partment of the General Post-office, and of the London District Post, that the letter carriers employed in the last mentioned establishmett shall be provided with a sub stantial dinner, consisting of roast beef, plum pudding, vegetables, and a moderate supply of beer, at a respect able tavern in their respective walks, the dinner to take place in each district at one o'clock. The sorters, sub sorters, messengers, porters, constables, and supernume raries employed in the department will be regaled in a similar manner in the Great Hall, on the basement of the building ; of at their option they may each re ceive a ' shilling in lieu of the entertainment. The drivers of mail carts, express riders, (post boys), and others whose services cannot be well dispensed with during official hours, will be provided with an excellent supper, and each person in in employed the establishment is to be supplied with a limited quan tity of ale. The business transacted the department this morning exceeded by far that of former years. By the first delivery at 8 o'clock the number of letters sent out was 42,000, which at the 10 o'clock delivery in creased to 78,000, and it is fully expected that the total number that will pass through the office during the day will not fall much short o f a quarter of a million. This is exclusive of those letters transmitted by the Gene . Post. AMSTERDAM AND ROTTERDAM PRODUCE MARKETS. — The weekly reviews of the Amsterdam and Rotterdam Produce markets state that business continued inactive. Some descriptions of coffee were in greater demand, but no material alteration had occurred in prices. Sugar bad been supported with steadiness, although the oper a ti ons were limited. Sal es o f r i ce had produced a t en d ency to I tained, lower rates. The l a t e a d vance i n d r i ed fruits was main- AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE NIAGARA. LVERPOOL, FEB. 13. About eleven o ' c l oc k the I Royal Mail steam-ship Niagara, Captain Leitch, arrived in the Mersey, with the usual mails from the United States and British North America. The Niagara sailed from Boston on the Ist inst., and Halifax on the 3d, and has brought, besides the mails, 97 passengers, and $62,000 in specie on freight. The Royal Mail steam-ship Asia, after a very stormy passage, arrived at New York from hence on the 31st ult. The Liverpool and Philadelphia Steam-ship Company's screw steamer City of Glasgow arrived at Philadelphia on the 30th, from this port. The Cunard steam-ship Cambria had cleared at New York for this port on the 30th ult. The United States Mail steam ship Ohio had arrived at New York, from Aspinwall, with one million of dol lars' worth of gold-dust. The health of the Isthmus was good. By the news from California we learn that intelligence had reached San Francisco that Walker and his fillibusteros had been relieved by the reinforcements that had sailed from California to aid him and his band. After a speech from Senator Douglas, in the Senate, on the 30th, the Nebraska Bill was adjourned. Another destructive fire had occurred at New York on the 30th ult. The scene of the catastrophe was in Pearl-street, and property to the amount of $200,000 destroyed. In the New York Stock Market a better feeling pre vailed, and stocks had improved in prices. The Cotton Market had been irregular, and, at the latest date, closed dull and declining. Breadstuffs were without material variation from last advices. The prices of wheat were nominal, bat dour was firm. An active business was being transacted in provisions, and prices were advancing. Freights were inactive, awaiting English advices. Exchange was heavy at 108 to 1091 ; on Paris, 6 17i to 5 20. LITERATURE. -10 PRE: A tele Captain of Packe went ha •f 2,800 West In to oonve and the tempora date. I troops the !lupe cowmen , adapted comfort by the si leaves ti of troop cellent cover. Thames, the new from the Governn 1,700, a being w! - - The I chartere will be E Capta from the drums a and em packet aion, for Payntet - vice, an Paynter head-qu Captl turned orders to reliel the latt and pla station. garrison No, 1 Royal station to relie panies, for en station) choic flag-e that 1 they moot