The Sun. — London, England, 1863-08-15 00:00:00

THE ROYAL INSURANCE COMPANY. HEAD OFFICES, 29, Lombard-street, London, and Royal Insurance buildings, Liverpool. Total Annual Revenue exceeds £soo,o'o, Accumulated Funds in hand over 1,000,000. Chairman in Liverpool: CHARLES TURNER, Esq., M.P. Chairman in London WILLIAM WAINWRIGHT, Esq. REMEMBER, WE SUP AT EVANS' .VERY EVENING THIS WEEK after Alfred PromEna(leConCerts. EDINBTiTiey (P,,.1ncp,1 frnm iroTiVtP wharf, Tower .-- Saloon . 2 1k ; fore cabin, 158; deck (soldiers and sailors ()ivy), 78 td; return tickets (available for a month), :los and 2!s 4'd. The cheapest and quickest sea route by the splendid new STE N3ISHIPS of the LONDON and EDINEIHICH SHIPPING COMPANY, sailing every Wednes • - .tia} and s Spread Eagle, Saturday , at in morning. Apply at the gle, Regent-circus ; or at Ircngate-wharf. V.R.—TO WEE. Q ALE OF STORES.—By Order of the ,t_'" S EURETARY OF STATE FOR WAR, to be Sold, °Y . Public Auction, in the Tower, on THURSDAY, the 20th of Aunist, 1863, at Eleven o'clock in tLe Forenoon precisely, the following Stores : Large Assortment of Grey Ranges complete, with Ovens and other Clothing. end Boilers. Hammock Rues. Accoutrements. Brunswick Rifles. Tents and Marquees. 20 Gal. Coppers. I Great Coats. Several Lots of Firewood. Old Iron, Steel, and Miscellaneous Articles. .._ T HE ORIENTAL HOTELS COMPANY (Limited). Incorporated under the Com oanies' Act, 1862, by w hich the Liability of each Shareholder is strictly limited to the amount of his Shares. Capital £'50,000, in 25,000 Shares of £lO each. (With power to increase to One Million Sterling.) First Issue 12,500 Shares, whereof a portion will be reserved for India. Deposit £1 per Share on application, and £1 on allotment. Calls not to exceed £2 per Share, with an interval of not less three months between each calL DIRECTORS. Sir John Peter Grant, K . C.8., Chairman, late Lieutenant - Governor of Bengal. Colonel Anderson, C. 8., Director of the Eastern Bengal Rail way Company. Firm of Henderson and Constable , George Constable, Esq. , Cannon-street, E.C. Sir Frederick Currie, Bart • Member of the Council of India. Colonel French, Chairman of the Bombay and Baroda Rail way Company. Colonel Holland, Director of the Agra and United Service Bank. J o h n Stewart, Esq., Director of the Marine Insurance Com pany. John Robert Thomson, Esq., Chairman of the London and South African Bank. James Henry Young - , Esq.. late of the Bengal Civil Service. AUDITORS. T. R. Walker, Esq., 21, Ilanover-square, and A Shareholder, to be elected at the First General Meeting. BANKERS IN LONDON. The Agra and United Service Bank (Limited), 27, Cannon street, E.C. The London and County Bank, Ihnover-square, W. RANKERS IN INDIA. The Agra and tini'ed Service Bank (Limited). SOLICITORS. Messrs. Uptons, Johnson, and UROKER pton, 20, Austin -'rlars, E.C. B. Francis Burnand, Esq., 78, Lombard-street, and 13 and It, County-chambers, Cornhill, E.C. SECRETARY (pro tem.) Macdonald Yates, Esq. Temporary Offices :-3(i, t Cannon-West street, E. ster C., and 5, Parli ment-sreet, min. ABRIDGED PROSPECTUS. This Company is formed for the purpose of Introducing a system of efficient Hotel accommodation into India, China, and other places in the East. In Calcutta a joiat-stock company has lately purchased and undertaken the management of a Hotel, and the pro spects of the enterprise may be inferred from the very high premium at which their shares are quoted in the Calcutta market, see "Times" July 17, the "Englishman's Weekly Mail" of June 8, 1883, and " Allen's Indian Mail," of August 4—viz., £25 paid. present value, £45 ex div., equal to 80 per cent. prem., and the payment of a dividend of 10 per cent. for the halt-year ending 30th April last, equal to 20 per cent. per annum. It is proposed, in the fi st instance, to supply the urgent requirements of Bombay and Point de Galle. In the event of two-thirds of the first issue of shares not being; subscribed for, no allotmen , will take place, and the deposits will be returned to the subscrib rs, without deduc tion. It is proposed to pay to shareholders 5 per cent. Interest upon the capital as paid up, until the first dividend is de clared. Detailed prospectuses and forms of Application for shares may be obtained of the Secretary, Bankers, and Broker. ORIENTAL HOTELS COMPANY (Limited). NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN, That NO APPINCA- TioN for SHARES in the Oriental Hotels Company (Limited) WILL BE RECEIVED after THIS DAY (SATURDAY), the 15th August current ; and Applications from the Country must be posted not later than MONDAY Evening. MACDONALD YATES, Secretary pro tem. C ELEB RATION of the TERCENTENARY of the BIRTH of SHA RSPE ARE, at Stratford-upon- Avon. The Tercentenary Committee (of which Sir Robert N. C. Hamilton, Bart., K.C.8.. is Chairman) are now receiv ing SUBSCRIPTION• 4, and they may also be paid to the account of the Tercentenary Committee, at the Stonrbridge and Kidderminster or Warwick and Leamington Banks, Stratford-upon-Avon ; Messrs. Greenway, Smith. and Greenway, Warwick ; or their London agents, Messrs. Smith, Payne, and Co , Messrs Hanburys and Co., or Messrs. Glyn and Co bankers, London. The Tercentenary Committee, in submitting the subscrip tion list to the nation, most earnestly appeal to the admirers of Shakspeare for their aid and assistance. The Committee rest their claims upon the ground that Stratford is not only the birthplace of Shakspeare. but the centre of attraction to all admirers of the great Poet's works, and that it was his home, the town he lived, and where he lived and died. EXTRACrS FROM THE R EPORT FOR THE YEAR 12. The Directors of the Royal Insurance Company are now called upon to make their accustomed periodical Report at the Meeting of its Shareholders. FIRE BRANCH. The Directors have, as pleasingly as unexpectedly, at the close of the year, to announce, for the first time, that the Fire Premiums have not only reached, but exceed £300,000. The high comparative position held by the Royal in the Government Returns of Duty is again fully maintained. The profit of the business of the year exceeds considerably the amount realised in the preceding year, and in fact sur passes that of any year, with but two exceptions, since the commencement of thi4 Office, the balance to the credit on account of British and Foreign Insurances being £45,107105. 5d., and of the North American business, which is kept sepa rately, £11,097165. 10d. LIFE BRANCH. Tile rev gratifying duty now falls upon the Directors to state the 'fiLira assured on new policies for fhe year 1862 exceeds even ti at of the year 1861 by £lBO,OOO, and has arrived at the almost tine - sampled amount for a single year of £701,427 on 1,498 new policies issued. Until within the last few years it is believed that such a sum aosured as that which has just been announced as the result of one year's business was all but unheard of. This portion of the Company's business has been carefully watched, and cannot fail to give much satisfaction to the shareholder, as well as no small encouragement for the future to the participating life assurer. Evidence of continued care in the selection of lives is amply afforded by a statement of the number rejected. These have amounted to 311 for the year, on which the aggregate sum proposed for assurance amounts to X14k281. Various degrees of ineligibility have led to these lives being declined. No small number of the Assurance Companies of the day record their accepted lives annually at a sum not much. if at all, exceed:_ag those which the Royal has declared as inadmis sible in a sinjle year from deterioration of some kind or another. _ . _ _ If, to complete th cir review, the Directors now advert briefly to the United K:Tlg,dom, they have to annou nce t h at in Fire Business its proL7ess has been undoubtedly more rapid than that of any other fompanv established either in Loud= or elsewhere, except when amalgamations have taken place. The returns of duty have preyed this. In Life, the amount of New Policies already reported make all other evidence needless. The Directors conclude their present Report with the expression of an opinion that the prospects of the Royal Insurance Company were never brighter, and of a consequent hope, founded on a grateful remembrance of the past, that the future may unfold for it a sphere of still greater magni tude, combining distinguished commercial success to the Office with a let gthened career of usefulness and protection to the public. PERCY M. DOVE, Manager and Actuary. JOHN B. JOHNSTON, Secretary in London. ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road, in the immediate vicinity of the Great Northern Rail way Terminus, at King's-cross. Patron—The QUEEN. President—The Duke of BUCCLEUCH, E.G. Treasurer—Edward Masterman, Esq. This was the first hospital to introduce the principle of free and instant admission to the destitute sick, without the for mality of governors' letters. It is entirely devoted to desti tution in its most pitiable form—viz., that which is accom panied by sickness and disease, and is now of sufficient magnitude that, with adequate support, it may be rendered capable of admitting into its wards a very large proportion of the carpal sick of this great metropolis. It requires but the funds in order to have 500 beds available for the reception of these the most wretched of our fellow-creatures. Moreover, it gratuitously affords medical advice and medicine to more, on the average, than 3,000 out-patients a week The Weekly Board feel it their imperative duty to make an EARNEST APPEAL to the public for continued support, to enable them to admit and relieve the distressing cases that daily present themselves. Contributions are received by the Treasurer. Edward Masterman, Esq., Nicholas-lane; also by Mes srs . C on tt s and Co.; Drummond and Co. ; Berries and Co. ; Ransom and Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co.;Smith, Payne, a n d C o. ; Glyn and Co. ; Jones Loyd and CO. ; Barclay and Co. ; Denison WV imams, Deacon, and C o . ; O verend. Gurney, and and C Co. ;Nisbet and Co. ; Messrs. J. Barned and Co., Liverpool and st the Hospital STANFORD S. SMITH. Secretary. N ORTH BRITISH AND MERCANTILE INSURANCE COMPANY. Established 1809. Incorporated by 1t0y , 1 , !.1 Charter and Special Acts of Accumulated and Invested Funds Annual Revenue.... 422,401 FIRE DEPARTMENT. Insurances nranted both at Home and in Foreign Countries on the most liberal terms. LIFE DEPARTMENT. Every facility offered to Insurers. Ninety per Cent. of the Profits divided among the Insurers on the participating principle. The new Life business transacted in 1862 as follows : —. Policies. Amount Inured. Premiums. 1,037 £763,334 £23.641 0 0 Forms of Proposal and every information will be furnished on application at the OFFICES : LONDON 5B, Threadneedle-street. ~ —___•• West-end Office.. 8. Waterloo -place, Pall-malL NORWICH UNION FIRE INSURANCE SOCIETY. The business of the Company exceeds £70,000,000. The £8.5,062, duty d. paidthet to amour Government for the year 1862 was ed on f arming stock, t insur .£10,086,332. A bonus of three -fifths of the pro fits periodically made to parties insuring, who have thus, from time to time, received sums amounting in the aggregate to .C 440,000 ; and the Society now holds a large Reserve applicable to a future Bonus. The rates of premium are in no case higher than those charged by the other their in principal offices making no returns to For proTectuses apply at the Society's Offices, street, Norwich ; and 6, Crescent, New Bridge-street, Black friars, E.C. Surrey- PROVIDENT CLERKS' MUTUAL LIFE ASSOCIATION, Established 1840. TRUSTEES. IRlNa'nrio.noLo..dPrescott, Esq Thomas Baring, M.P. Thomson llankey, Esq., M.l. Mutual Lif , Assurance for all came.. e Rothschild;M.P. for a This Association has now in existence 6,000 policies, total sum of £1,500,000, The Annual Income is „ ... The Accumulated Fund exceeds • : Z 51,000 It has paid in Claims , , .q.cing..u.enfT,lllo:oo The whole of the profits are divided the Members Three divisions have already been. among when the folloWing sums have been added as bonuses made. policies to the Dec. 31, 1847 • • - - - - 1852 . • • • I'l . • • • •• 8 • 99 1862 .. •: •• .. making the t o t a l bonus additions, £9 6, 6 0 ' , lied lienuseß may be received in wish or app to the reduo_ t adai u.,1 premium' at the option of the assured, In lieu of a , l ion to the f obey Attention ic esecially invited to the system of free or pai,i_ u P Policies introduced by this A ssociation , by which the sacrifice go o ft e n Po icy i s balance-sheets s:ubmitted to on the relinquishment of a The wholly avoided. whether c-sheets of the Association are open to all, Active assurers or otherwise unrepre sented districts. end influential agents will be appointed in unrepre- WM. TILOS. LINFORD, Secretary. Chief Orloe, 15, Moorgate.Strest, Lc, Aug 001 .. .£1,400 .. 11,500 .. 23.200 .. 56,500 No. 22.104. Now ready, DUBLIN REVI E W. New Series. No. I. Price 65., post free. CONTENTS. I. Popular Devotion in Spaia. 11. The Abyssinian Schism. 111. Intrinsic End of Civil Government. IV. Rosa Femme'. V. Catholic Church in England. VI. The Tractarian Movement. VII. The French Elections. VIII. Notices of Books. IX. Foreign Periodical Literature. London : Burns and Lambert, 17 and 18, Portman-street, and 63, Paternoster-row, to whom all Works for Review and Advertisements should be sent. TOURISTS' FADE MECUM.—PRICE ONE SHILLING. NO one should cross the Channel without this useful companion, which comprises in a form for the waistcoat pocket every necessary phrase for Railways, Hotels, Shops, Cabs, Money, &c., &0., and not a word super fluous. Loudon : sold by Simpkin and Marsh Al, Stationers' Court, and at all Booksellers and Railways. CRITIQUES on the NEWSPAPER PRESS in the LITERARY TIMES, every week. 11 H 0 X F 0 It 1) , R, OXFORD STREET, W. THIS EVENING, will be performed Operatic Selections from Sir Henry R. Bishop's THE SLAVE and Halevy's MUSKETEERS (first time in England). Principal Artistes—Miss Russell, Miss ElPson, Messrs. Green, Bernardi, Huish, dim, with full band and chorus. Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans. Flute Solos by Drew Dean, &c. Comic, by UNSWORTH (" or any other man "), Eugene, W. Randall, E. Righton, and A. Lloyd. Also, a Performance by Herr SCHALKENBACH on his wonderful instrument, the PIANO ORCHESTRE, contain ing a full baud of 40 instruments. The FULL has just been newly Decorated and Ventilated, and is one of the most Beautiful in the Metropolis. _ _ _ Open at 8 o'clock. Admission, 6d. ; stalls and balcony, is. ; private boxes, 10s. 6d. N OTICE. —The GHOST! GHOST !! GHOST!! ! AT CANTERBURY HALL. 'lwo representations of Professor Pepper's startling Illusion will be given on Mondays. Wednesdays, and Saturdays, at Nine and a quarter. past Eleven o'clock ; other Evenings at Eleven only; and produced with all the newest improve ments by Mr. A. Silvester, which can be seen only at this establishment. Dramatic Readings by Mr. Graham, in addition to Grand Operatic Selections, Cantatas, Glees, Songs, Comic and Sentimental, and UNSWORTH, the Stump Orator. Open every Evening at half past Seven. Admission, Sixpence. ROYAL ALHAMBRA PALACE. The FAIRY FOUNTAIN.—The Risarelis (last week pre vious to their departure for the Continent)—The Brothers Conrad—Les Petit Monstres—The Francesco Family, from La Scala, Milan, kc. Grand Operatic Selection M`Gregor. Albert, Georgini, supported by Chorus and Band of Sixty Performers. Notice—The Proprietor has much pleasure to announce that he has an eng , gemPnt with Mdlle. Taccani, from Her Majesty's Theatre, who will appear every evening. ESTABLISHED 1833. BOWDEN'S JERATED GINGER BEER, in 11 glass or stone bottles, warranted to keep good twelve months. Lemonade, Soda-water, Potass, Seltzer, and every description of Mineral Waters.—Manufactory, No. 3, White Hart-street, Drury-lane, W.C. THE LAUNDRESSES to her late Majesty Queen Adelaide say, that " BRIGGS' AUSTRALIAN S ['ARCH needs but to be tried to be approved." Sole Wholesale Agent, Harper Twelvetrees, Bromley-by Bow, London, E. CARD PLATES ENGRAVED. Any Pattern 2s. 50 BEST CARDS, Printed from Plate i s . REAL MOROCCO CARD CASES 1,000 BUSINESS ENVELOPES, gummed 3B. NEWSPAPER ENVELOPES, 4 doz gd. F. ARNOLD, Manufacturing Stationer, 86, Fleet-street, E.C. TEL—MOORE BROTHERS respectfully inti mate that their New Prospectus is now ready. They especially recommend their improved Family Tea, reduced to 3s. 2d. ; Souchong, reduced to 3s. 6d. ; mixed Assam, re duced to 3s. Bd. ; and the finest Assam, reduced from 4s. 4d. to 38. 11d. per lb. MOORE BROTHERS, 35, London-bridge, City, E.C. KEATING'S PERSIAN INSECT DESTROY ING POWDER, for which a Prize Medal was awarded to the Producer at the International Exhibition, 1862, This Powder is quite harmless to animal life, but is un rivalled in destroying Fleas, Bugs, Flies, Cockroaches, Beetles, Gnats, Mosquitos, Moths in furs, and every other species of Insect. Sportsmen will find this an invaluable remedy for destroy ing Fleas in their Dogs, as also Ladies for their Pet Dogs. Being the original importer of this now invaluable article, which has found so great a sale that it has tempted others to vend a so-called article, the public are therefore cautioned to observe that the packets of the Genuine Powder bear the autogragh Of THOMAS KEATING Sold in packets, ls., 2s. 6d., and 4s. Bd. each, or post free for 14 or 36 postage stamps, by Thomas Keating, chemist, 79, St. Paul's-churchyari, London, E.C. RIIPTI7RES.-BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT. WHITE'S MOC-MAIN LEVER TRUSS (PERFECTED AND EXHIBITED IN THE GREAT EXHIBITIONS OF 1851 AND 1862), i 8 allowed by upwards of Two Hundred Medical Gentlemen to be the most effective invention in the curative treatment of HERN I A. The use of a steel spring, so often hurtful in its effects, is here avoided—a soft bandage being worn round the body, while the requisite resisting power is supplied by the Moc-Main Pad and Patent Lever, fitting with so much ease And closeness that it cannot be detected, and ma be worn during sleep. A descriptive circular may be had, and the truss, which cannot fail to fit, forwarded by post, on the cir cumference of the body, two inches below the hips, being sent to the manufacturer, Mr. WHITE, 228, Piccadilly. A Single Truss, 165., 215., 268. ed., and his. 6d. Postage, Is. A Double Truss, 31s. 6d., 428., and 525. ed. Postage, is Bd. An Umbilical Truss, 425. and 525. 6d. Postage, Is. 10d. Post-office Orders to be made payable to John White, Post office, Piccadilly. NEW PATENT - - - VLAST IC STOCKINGS , ILA KNEE-CAPS, &c., for Varicose Veins and all eases of Weakness and Swelling of the Legs, Sprains, &o. They are Pike light in texture, and inexpensive, and ar e drawn on like an ordinary stocking. Price 4s. 6d., 75. 6d., 108, to 16s. eauh. Postage 6d. JOHN WHITE. Manufacturer, tn. PlcOadilbc PASSENGERS AND TRAVELLERS PROTECTION AND COMPENSATION OFFICES, 16, Craven-street, Strand, London, W.C. Passengers by Rail, Road, or Water. and others suffering from loss or injury to themselves or property, should apply for redress and compensat►on at the above Offices ; established to render prompt assistance to all classes upon the most ad vantageous terms. Advice on application gratis. Letters must be addressed to "The Manager," enclosing a stamp for reply. ROYAL NATIONAL LIF INSTITUTION L B 0 AT (Incorporated by Royal Charter). PATRONESS—Her Most Graelous Majesty the Q ueen. PRESIDENT—Vice-AdmirGal the FR. Duke S of Northumberland, K.., .. CHAIRMAN—Thos. Baring, Esq., M.P., F.R.S., v.p. DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN —Thomas Chapman, Esq., Rit.s., V.P. APPEAL. . . The Committee of Manage ment have to state that, since the beginning of the year 1 860, the Royal. National Lifeboat Institution has expended £32,000 on various Lifeboat Estab lishments on the Coasts of England, Scotland, and Ireland. The number of lives saved by the Life-boats of the Society, and other means, since its formation, is 12,800; tor' whieh services 82 Gold Medals, 718 Silver Medals, and £l6,4Bo in cash have been paid in rewards. The Institu tion has also expended 1,67.000 on Life-boats, Life-boat Transporting-carriages, and Boat-houses. The Committee desire to express their grateful sense of the generous support which they have received from the British public during the past few years, a support whis'n has enabled them to establish their present magnificent fleet of 123 Lifeboats on the shores of the United Kingdom. Deeply sensible, however, of the great responsibility that rests on them to maintain their fleet in a thoroughly efficient state, azd its Crews practised in the management of their boats, whioh can only be effected by a large and permanent annual income, they earnestly appeal to all classes of their countrymen to aid them in upholding and perpetuating so great au 4 truly national a work. The Co motittee gratefully acknowledge the following con tributions:— X. s. d Her Majesty the Queen .. annual 50 e 0 Campbell, the Hon. Mrs. G. •• •• .. annual 50 0 Clerk, Colonel, R.A. • • .. . • .. annual 11 0 Coutts and Co., Messrs., Bankers •• ~ annual 10 0 0 Currie, Wm., Esq., • • • • •• 4tt don.lo 0 0 Erie, Lord Chief Justice • . .. • • don. 10 10 0 Fanshawe, Vice-Admiral Sir .Lifeboat .C.R. .. 2d don. 25 0 0 Fenwick, G. J., Esq., cost of a and Pratt , sporting Carriage • • .. • • • • .. 250 0 0 Harvey, Rev. G. G. and M rs. [lon. 30 0 Martin, Sir Henry, Bart. • • .. .• 7th don, 10 0 0 Moore, Rev. G. B. • • • • •• • • don• I ' s 15 0 • • " annual 1 5 6 106 00 Smith, Mrs. George, Greenwich .• • • • • 30 0 Stirling, Coi. Sir Anthony, K.C .B. • • • • annual 20 0 Thom:, a, Lady, Weston-super-Mare, collectedby her Ladyship • • • • • • Willoughby d'Eresby, Lord .. D onations and Annual Subscription s will be thankfully re eived by th ß Bankers of the Institu tion, Me s s rs. Willis, Percival, and Co., 78, Lombar d- s t r eet; Messrs. Coutts and Co, 50, Strand ; Niemen& Herries, Farouhar. and Co., 16, St. James's-street, London ; by a i the Co llectors of Customs and ~ Bankers i n t h e Unitedl ii ng d om ; and by the Secretary Richard Lewis, E sq John - street, Adolphi, London, W.V. at the Office of the Institution, 14, ~G!~~~ //,-,/;‘, d 3, 1- i..4e-,-r -fp . %, e.i.,:. .......t.,-___ . ..r . , • A L __ . . d . e / Zi. --.41 ' ..-94d (;(..t: find itself mistaken if it imagines tha T. "' ~ •-•:'; - ,- - •:,,p, - .‘ l * - 65 ** . (6.7 - 7 4 r . 4111111 ‘ • 45 04,0',t, , 4 ,4 - j , r , N , .1.46/o '.. ''''''s. 7 ., ";:: :_.‘ ";;;"! iti ',.+_.- ; : Gliali ".14 14 :111j1. 1 IV- 11 ! fair' ,-, ...:-.- , •N ,!r tem of diplomatic delays It can postp 4 --------. ii • L\ , ~., ••• -4.4,.,.rt 6 , _..; li- vi -6•;;A. 4 .1 -- -‘,• •_ . .1, 1, ~4 - ,-, ............ k ".........„;.,„,. „.. , ,„.. • r Ar* iNI 41111p r 0 , , :, ' J ~.. posed settlement of the Polisti question tiM ~..., •-> 6 •= -. ••••••••., Polish insurrection falls to nothing of itself'. ta , . , 7. • : - , ~/,-,,,,....* , .:-. 0 0. *T7 .. _ • , --,-. -71 , L , *or , :p , -, ,-,...._.• -.......... 701: D i Ifs- 9Of 1 -.LOTI 'ie. _ : -.lllL Eorr li , 'O7 '. ' ?\\--',.... e... _• - ''' • -, ~ ..,% AUGUST 8. We herr from Cracow that a terrible explosion has taken place in that town by whichseveu persons are known to have lost their lives. Various expla nations are given, but all that seems to be really known is that gunpowder had been concealed in the liouE7e where the accident °centred, and that the un fortunato men and wemen who perished were of:en engaged in making cartridges. The number of houses in Cracow in which ammunition is supposed to lie hid is very great, and an order from the police has appeared, cautioning proprietors, in the interest of the inhabitants generally, against allowing eApio sive subeances to be collected by their lodgers. Although by the latest accounts only seven bodies have been discovered in the ruins of the house, it is believed that others may yet be found, as several of the late inmates are missing. NEWS PA.P E •bt,\V,t. cfrfr,,ti'Y • S' << t S THE SUN, LONDON, SA MEDAN - EVENING, AUGUST 15, 1863. Mr. Armitage's Frescoes at Islington. ~~ The revival of fresco-painting in Europe and its introduc tion in England were fairly looked upon as the most hope ful symptoms of recovery from a long and deathlike sleep, during the continuance of which the lesser qualities of art had usurped the place of the greater in public estimation, and finish, softness, and delicacy had been accepted as bet ter and more comprehensible things than composition, drawing, and expression. Fresco-painting is the test of a great painter as it is the confusion of a weak one. When Michael Angelo declared it to be the only manly style of painting, or, as Vasari says, "truly the most virile, most sure, most resolute and durable of all modes," he stated a conviction rather than uttered a sneer. He knew that the practice of fresco can derive no help from the inferior beauties that lend a charm to oil-painting; and that the painter who should seek to express his thoughts in this, the most difficult language of his art, must rely on a perfect knowledge of it, directed by courage, skill, and consum mate judgment, and thus must be endowed with a mind nobly to conceive a subject, and a hand able unerringly to execute it. The practice of fresco-painting in England dates from the destruction of the Houses of Parliament and the erection of the New Palace at Westminster. A royal commission was appointed to consider and advise upon the decoration of the new building; and English artists were invited to prepare cartoons, in the first place,and afterwards to submit for a prize competition specimens and trials in fresco. An impetus was thus given to the introduction of a mode of painting already flourishing in Germany under the encouragement of the late King of Bavaria. English painters threw their energies thoroughly into the work, and the various exhibitions in which the competitive cartoons and frescoes were displayed were eagerly thronged, and the designs thoroughly appreciated by the public—rich and poor. Probably no exhibitions in England have ever created so much interest, or been visited with so much favour. Unfortunately, however, there were but a few spaces in one public building to which the new mode of painting could be applied. The Government had neither means, nor probably any strong in cli nation, to cause other buildings to be decorated ; and, as the large spaces available for fresco-painting can be found, with rare exceptions, only in public edifices or in churches, the stimulus which had awakened so mueh ability and so many new hopes was withdrawn, and the only apparent results of the Westminster Hall competi tions have been, generally speaking, incomplete and expe rimental efforts on the part of these artists who were selected to cover the spaces considered to be most eligible for decoration. The chief prizes of the first competition were of equal value, and were awarded to Mr. Armitage, Mr. Watts, and Mr. Cope. Each of these painters has executed frescoes in the New Palace at Westminster, and in the performance of the work entrusted to him has probably well quali fied himself for the practice of this difficult branch of art. Unfortunately, however, in the ripeness of their powers the demand for their exercise has ceased. Mr. Watts has since painted, for love, the noble fresco in the hall at Lin coln's Inn; and Mr. Armitage undertook, for a nominal price, to paint, and has now completed, the frescoes in the Catholic Church of St. John, in Duncan-terrace, Islington. Mr. Arnaitage's work in St. John's Church consists of a mural painting in the apsis, repre senting our Lord and the Apostles, and of a large fresco in one of the side chapels, representing Francis of Assisi sub mitting the rules of his new order to Pope Innocent the Third. The young man stands in front of the kneeling re presentatives of his confraternity, before the Pope and his Cardinals. Unabashed by the splendour of the court, yet with no lack of modesty, he waits, with his hands crossed on his breast, while the Pope reads the rules by which the order just founded is to be governed. The eyes of all are fixed upon his calm, earnest presence. The painter has put aside all the picturesque elements which might encumber or endanger the unity and simplicity of this idea ; but, having rightly done so, his difficulties, on the other hand, are very great. As he can get but little aid from strong contrasts of light and shade and colour, it becomes of the highest importance that his drawing and composition should be thoroughly good. Mr. Armitage has been well trained ; he is a good draughtsman ; and perhaps there is no English painter who is setter ac• quainted with the rules of composition. His strength is best seen in such work as these frescoes represent. The "St. Francis" has been completed about three years, and is at this moment in perfectly good condition ; but we understand that the painter has made some change in his practice, and that he considers his lately completed work in the apsis to be more purely and simply alfresco painting. The custom of painting colossal figures of Christ with his Apostles on the wall behind the high altar is of the earliest date, *hen the Basilicas were converted into Christian temples, the effigies of the Cmsars, which had become almost the only objects of adoration in the Pagan world, were removed, and in place of them mosaic representations of the Saviour and his Apostles were dis played in the semi-cupola above the high altar. As might be expected, we find a pagan stamp upon these early works—the head of the Saviour bearing some resemblance to the Jupiter, and the costume being generally that of the period, consisting of the tunic and the pallium, with sandals. The early impression has never been completely effaced—and we may trace in the cartoons of Raphael, and " The Last Judgment" of Michael Angelo, ten centuries later, the influence of the earliest representations of the sacred characters of the Christian religion upon all subse quent Christian art. _ Mr. Armitage has adopted, in its greatest simplicity, this earliest type. The figure of our Lord—colossal in size—is represented seated in the centre of the apsis, and directly behind the high altar. On either side are ranged the Apostles in pairs—St. Peter and St. Andrew being foremost on one side, St. John and St. James on the other. The great merit of the fresco is its simplicity. The painter has justly estimated the advantages and the limits of his materials. He has given his attention chiefly to the drawing and expression of the heads. The colour is merely suggestive—rich ness of effect being attained by means of the gold ground upon which the figures are relieved. The first impression conveys a sense of coldness, which gives place, however, to the admiration and approval which all good work inspires lin true lovers of art. With the exception of the principal figure, in which, we think, Mr. Armitage has preserved too much of the character of the ideal Jupiter, the heads are true in character to the idea we form of the several Apostles, and rightly varied in expression. The drawing in general is masterly, and the draperies are well composed. involved in the successful accomplishme nt of such An inexperienced observer has but little idea o f the diffi cultiesworks as these frescoes, and would probably be surprised to learn that a very clever painter of cabinet-pictures would stand before a large space of wall as helpless as a child to cover it with design. Besides the necessary training,which must be of the highest order for him who aspires to be a fresco-painter, there are difficulties inherent in the process itself, and the unsuccessful battling with which has re sulted in the deterioration or ruin of so much good work in Westminster Palace. In reference to the above, we have been permitted to make the following extract from a letter written by the artist to a friend, relative to the frescoes in St. John's Church. " For the fresco of St. Francis of Assisi, I followed, as closely as I could, the precepts of Cennino Cennini. This old author and artist (himself a pupil of Giotto) recommends the preparatory modelling of the flesh with a greenish tint —terra verte, umber, &c.--and the subsequent addition of the carnation hues applied in a very fluid state. He never theless says that a small quantity of lime should be mixed with these carnation colours. With the exception of the use of terra verte, I followed his instruction to the letter. For the terra verte I substituted a mixture of raw umber altogether. Accordingly, and oxide of chromium, experience having taught me that our colourmen's terra verte is a greasy comporuid, which has had more to do with the ruin of English frescoes than any other cause. As my work proceeded : I got to use less the d l l a e r ss of the lime as a pigment; and, when I undertook the work has eve es A co cc o o f r t d h in e g a l p v sis in , I th rr li ol e v s hedtitontdispense"Christw ithit alto method offers and Apostles" wallthere is not ., a pa ' rtiele of lime or any body as the coloursedg7 colour. Theis rather stained than painted. I think We believe that theseworka e,iito e t im ch e an nt ge of fr d om urab th il e ity w ; et an to d my t new y advantage w eover undertakenthe b y inasmuch Mr. lucrative employment of hisw works, state." upon the frescoes themselves, Armitage as experimental and not with a view to a time. The actual time spent &c., was four mon es t bitidependent of the cartoons, g nionths for the spars .-- The the "St. Francis" and t s r e a v c e i n n I Reader. ADVERTISEMENT.]—Avoid medicines : they always aggra vate chronic complaints, but Food, Barry's Delicious Health , invariably cures saves fifty times y cures them, restoring i tes no to a ri t n i g n it n e t v h a e l r en re ta me A d r io a a biea s io o a n u a n i d lungs, healthy and energy perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound or enfeebled . of We extract a few out Marchioness de complaint, wasting the away for seven all over, bad p to ur t e ha bl m oo o d si r di ef a r n e r sh do in re g d s nervous palpitation healthy liver, 1,771. Lord vomiting. —Maria constipation, of yßeri le r 6 Ohsa:ollooParis,Curesdebility, of w : —ai thgiver Cure a o N o o m . digestion, constant sleeplessness, the most intolerable neyrveaoruss, cough, iagony agitation, and dreadfully low spirited. Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieut. of Waterford, of many dyspepsia.—Ne. 49,832. "Fifty years' indescribable from dyspepsia, nervousness, sickueso aansdthvmolun flatulency, SIAM% Jolly." —Cure No. 46,2 70 . Mr . James Roberts, of Fri mley , Suey, thirty years' disease d lun g s, s p itting of blood, live r derange, , of mont, and partial de afness.—Cure No. 47,121. Miss Blizabetb 1 Jaoobs, of atreme uery ou sness, indigestion, gathe r i ngs, low spirits, and nervous fan cies. —Cure No. 54,816. The Rev. Ja s. T. Campbell, Fakenham, No rfolk, " of indigestion and tor pt , dity or the liver, which bad r esisted all medical treatment. 40s. —Barry rylb.,n2u Barry 9 d a r . r ; y 2l andb. , C 4 s o . . ,6 No. 0 ! 7 5 7 1 , b.,1t5. ;121b.,22 s Regent-street, London; ; 241 b. also Fortnum and Mason ; and all Grocers and Chemists in • oYel7 town of the United Kingdom. AUSTRALIA. PLYMOUTH, Friday Ev6nieg The Vernon, 891 tons, Cvt. Edward Jones, hv longing to Mr. F. Grrcn, from Sydney, May 1, has passed up Channel for London, having landed here Mr. Patton, 14th Regiment, and wife, Mr., Mrs., and Master Simmonds. She brings 630 z. of gold, a quantity of shipbuilding timber, and a cargo con sisting of 1,179 bales of wool, 2,663 hides, 59 bales of leather, 321 bags of gum, 90 bags of iron bark, 43 cases of sperm oil, and 7,125 trenails. Her pas sengers include 50 in the cabin, and 25 in the steerage. Among the former are Mesdames Bray brook, Maxwell, Austin, Howe!, and Padden ; Lieut. and Mrs. Good, Mr. and Mrs. Ladbrook, Mr. and Mrs. Peacock, and Mr. and Mrs. Knabeuschal, Mr. Bath and daughter, the Rev. G. F. D. Priddle, Mrs. R. Hankey, F. Lacey, M. A. Johnston, T. Wallace, W. F. Emmens, W. Marshall, R. Snell, J. Connan, J. Padden, B. Londres, F. Hermann, A. Matthews, and J. Stewart, and Masters Austen and Hudson. On May 10, in lat. 53 37 S., long. 155 25 W., the Vernon fell in with three large icebergs, and con stantly passed drift ice and bergs to long. 111 37 W. Large blocks of drift ice could be scarcely ob served at night until within a ship's length. In traversing 2,000 miles of 'ocean, 700 icebergs were seen. Many were some miles long and 300 ft. high, Those first met were the largest. Cape Horn was rounded on June 6. On Sunday, June 28, lat. 25 S., long. 30 W,, she got the south-east trades at 3 a.m. The report of a gun was heard, and when Captain Jones came on deck he observed a vessel on the starboard quarter. Thinking she was in dis tress, he tacked, The stranger rapidly rounded the Vernon, which then hove on to the port tack, The stranger often approached within a mile, and at length hove to, hoisted a light at her peak, and lowered a boat which came alongside. A man re presenting himself as an officer of a United States' cruiser jumped on board and demanded the Vernon's papers, which were refused, as the man was not in uniform, nor bad he the appearance of a naval officer. He wore a short sword, bowie-knife, car ried a revolver, and had on a pair of cavalry boots. On refusal he said his ship would fire into the Ver non. He was then told that if he did not wish his boat towed under water he had better shove off. On leaving he repeated his threat of firing ; when informed that the Vernon hove to only because the gun was thought to be a token of distress, he said if she had not they would have fired into her. The boat's crew stated that the American ship was the Cato, from Valparaiso, four months in commission. Captain Jones considers that she was a privateer. The Vernon crossed the line July 5 ; anchored at Angra, in Terceira, Aug. 2, and left on the 4th. The steamer Flora was at the island coaling. A Federal cruiser was hourly expected there. The Vernon spoke, June 19, lat. 42 37 S., long. 38 44 W., the bark Enid, 43 days from'Caldera for Liverpool ; 28th, lat. 24 51 S., long. 29 30 W., the French ship Ganges, from Gravelines ; July 8. lat. 17 37 N., long. 27 14 W., the ship Rajah of Sara wak, 94 days from Hongkong for Liverpool; 11th, lat. 9 59 N., long. 26 15 W., the French bark Les Bons Fils ; 12th, lat. 11 13 N., long. 26 49 W., a bark showing third distinguishing pendant, 6,891, 70 days from Peru for Hamburg; 23d, lat. 29 33 N., long 40 42 W., the bark Shallet, 86 days from Cochin for London ; 28th, lat. 34 41 N., long. 36 56 W., the bark Landwistern ; 29th, lat. 37 4 N., long. 33 40 W., the Dutch ship Philip von Marnix, 132 days from Akyab for Amsterdam ; Aug. 11, lat. 47 68 N., long. 36 42 W., the ship Fearnought, and off the Lizard the bark Caroline Elizabeth for Port Phillip. The bark Cheviot, Captain J. Henderson, belong ing to Messrs. Smith, of Newcastle, has passed up Channel for London. Her cargo consists of 300 jaggery, 30 t ons re d woo d, 9 bales bl ue c l ot h , 90 trunks handkerchiefs, 53 pieces horns, 2 cases condiments, 6 cases shells, 1 case books, 160 bales tanned skins, 1,327 bales cotton, and 421 chests indigo. She left Madras, April 19 ; rounded the Cape of Good Hope, June 12 ; crossed the line July 6 ; and spoke, April 27, lat. 8 N., lung. 85 E ., the ship Empress, 9 days from Madras, and the bark Chandernagore, 13 days from Madras, both for London ; May 12, lat. 81 S., long. 88 E., the ship Royal Stuart, with troops from Madras for London ; July 15, lat 141 N., l ong . 291 w., the bark Thus. nelda, 162 days from Rangoon for Bremen ; 18th, lat. 17 N., long. 33 W., the American ship Inez, 120 days from Rangoon for Falmouth ; 19th, lat. 18 N., long. 35 W., the French ship Cunandig, 59 days from Bourbon for Nantes ; 25th, lat. 32 N., long 36 W., the bark Vorsetyn, 80 days from Peru for Hamburg ; 30th, lat. 34 N., long. 31 VT., the British bark Lavinia, 56 days from Algoa Bay for Falmouth ; and August 12;lat. 48 N., long. 8 W., the British ship Star of Denmark, standing west ward. [Anse lower, by Messrs. Maudslay , Uous, and Freld, may be ready in the course of a mouth to be passed into the hands of the Government. They were tried successfully on Monday last. The bottom of this ship is covered with some prepared metal con taining copper. in several places where it ap proaches the iron-plates galvanic action has com menced. From the Prince Consort Admiral Robin son proceeded to No. 2 dock, where the screw steam ship Ocean, 35, is receiving her casing of iron. Although launched at Devonport on the 19th of March last, and removed forthwith to Keyham, there is on her port side a section of only one layer of plates, which extends from the bow to a few feet abaft the fotemast, and on her starboard side a similar layer with some plates on her waist. About 20 are ready in the store. Some delay has occurred in the supply on the part of the manufacturer. About a fortnight since the hydraulic machine at Keyham, while at work, broke, in consequence of the defective state of a cylinder. The iron screw frigate Tamar, 2,812 tons, 500- horse power, in No. 3 dock at Chatham, having been surveyed by the master shipwright's staff, and a favourable report made to the Admiralty, has been taken over from the private firm by which she was constructed. Orders having been received for her to be fitted for the first-class steam reserve, in readiness for the service for which she is intended —that of a troopship, similar to the sister iron steamer Orontes, yesterday the dockyard hands gave 1 the last coating of the anti-corrosive composition to both sides of her hull, which had previously been payed over with a mixture of coal tar and naphtha, two coats of which were applied to the iron in its erude state. Over this again was laid two coats of the anti-corrosive composition invented by Mr. Hayes, the Admiralty chymist, which bears the character of being the best of the several anti-foul ing compositions yet brought into use. It may, however, be at once stated that all of the many anti-fouling mixtures which have hitherto been in troduced to the notice of the Board of Admiralty are more or less failures, none of them possessing in an invention of the kind—namely, the property of pre venting the growth of marine incrustations and other accumulations on iron ships' bottoms, and of preserving the iron itself from the destructive chy mical action of the water and marine animalcuice. The old line-of-battle sailing ship Duncan was yesterday towed into Chatham harbour from Stan gate-creek and moored alongside the dockyard, in readiness to be placed in the first vacant dock, for the purpose of being taken to pieces in consequence of her unfitness for further service. A notice was yesterday posted at the dockyard gates for the entry of hired shipwrights, to be employed in breaking her up. He; Majesty's iron steam storeship Industry yesterday went up to the Victoria-yard, Dept ford, from Woolwich, to load with victualling stores for the Isle of Ascension. After receiving her cargo she will be fitted with a new foremast, now under construction at Woolwich, to replace the one eaten throughout with dry rot, and which fell over the deck in three pieces a few days ago on the vessel leaving the dock at Woolwich. Naval and Military Intelligence. THE NAVY. As stated in The Sun of Thursday, the first ob ject which received the attention of the Duke of Somerset on his arrival at Devonport was the con templated site for the new naval barracks. His lordship was accompanied to the park by Capt. the Hon. J. R. Drummond, C.B. Mr. Stansfeld, M r . Romaine, C. 8., and Capt. Robert Hall, R.N. He was met by Earl de Grey and Ripon, Under-Secre tary of War, and Mr. Woolcombe, town-clerk of Devonport. In addition to the sites mentioned yes terday, their lordships examined a waste piece of the glacis westward of the road to Keyham, and which in some measure faces Hamoaze. Accompa nied by Col. G. C. Langley, Deputy Adjutant-Gen., Royal Marines, they next inspected the Plymouth division of Royal Marines. They were received by Col.-Commandant Gascoigne, C. 8., who is in com mand. The division w as f ormed round t h e Barrack , square, and subsequently mar c hed past in quick time, in open and quarter distance column, &c. Their lordships then inspected the recruits, the men's barrack-rooms, and the new north wing (capable of accommodating 700 men), which is nearly complete. The nu m b er of marines o f a ll ranks present at the Plymouth headquarters is 1,847, including 179 at Alillbay, under command of Capt. N. W. De Courcy. The average percentage on the sick list is seven. From the barracks his grace and his colleagues proceeded to the Royal Naval Hospital, where they were received by Capt. Superintendent Curry, Inspector-General Dr. J. D. Stewart, Mr. Grant, and the other officers. After inspecting the various wards they visited the Royal William Victualling-yard, and on passing through the different departments, entered a barge at the landing, and proceeded to the grounds of Mount Edgcumbe. In the evening, on board the Enchan tress, they entertained Port-Admiral Sir Houston Stewart and other official personages. While the First Lord was at Stonehouse, in specting the Royal Marines, the Controller of the Navy, Admiral Robinson, accompanied by Captain Edmonstone, of the Steam Reserve, Capt. Stewart, R.N., and Mr. Edwards, assistant master ship wright at Keyham, made a thorough inspection of the screw steamship Gibraltar, 893,722 tons, which is in the first division of the steam reserve in Hamoaze. They were escorted round her by Staff-Commander Renaud, the chief engineer, and other officers, and expressed themselves well pleased with her cleanliness and in efficiency. Some addi tions are to be made to her ventilation. The Con troller next inspected the Princess Royal, 73 guns, 3,129 tons, and the first division of his gunboats. Admiral Robinson, accompanied by Mr. Saun ders, Commander Biddlecombe, Master-Attendant, and Mr. Batt, of the Indus, visited also the iron cased ship Prince Consort, 35, 4,045 tons. She is in the south basin of Keyham steamyard, nearly ready for bending sails, and will soon be prepared for receiving a commission. Her engines, of 1,000- THE POLISH INSURRECTION. (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) LEMBERG, Aug. 7. _ _ Count Mensdorff returned here from Vienna a few days ago, and must now be astonished to find that a portion of his functions have been assumed by an anonymous gentleman calling himself " Chief of the Town." There is a great deal that is sublime and much also that is ridiculous in the Polish insurrection, and it is ridiculous and some thing worse for any Pole or Poles to claim publicly the direction of affairs in a province belonging to Austria, with which Power it is conventionally supposed that all Poland is on good terms. The firet address issued by the " Chief of the Town" is printed in the form of a handbill, and is marked " No. 1," from which it may be inferred that a series is meditated. Few nations have shown such an aptitude for political blunders as the Poles; but I think it is generally felt by the most influential people in Lemberg that a mistake of no ordinary magnitude has now been committed, and that the " Chief of the Town" had better hide his head as soon as possible. This is a case for the interven tion of the Poles themselves. They should inter vene between the Lemberg " Chief of the Town" and his folly, or between the Lemberg Committee and their folly. I have heard it suggested that it would be a good idea to attribute the composi tion and circulation of the address in question to Russian agency, and certainly the Russians could not injure the general prospects of the Poles more effectively than by setting the Austrian Govern ment against them. The address is as follows : Fellow•citizens,—The present moment, so important for the national cause, is one in which all our ardour must be maintained. "The enemies of the movement would, to the injury of the nation, check that readiness to make sacrifices which is our only strength. It is our duty, then, to take care that the national enthusiasm be allowed to work, and through the proper channels. To this end, having been appointed by the Committee for Eastern Galicia, I now assume my functions and take upon myself the heavy responsibility of watching your conduct and directing the manifestations of your patriotism. " From this position I invite your respect. Citizens, re main peaceable and pay no heed to provocations from what ever quarter they may come. Do not take part in any move ment in the streets, for this would be to act in the interest of our enemies. Preserve a dignified tranquillity, and re member the loftiness of the cause which we all serve. " I know your readiness to make sacrifices of money. " To increase and strengthen this readiness to the extent of our present necessities is one of my main duties. "I must warn you against all abuse of confidence. De posit money and other offerings in the hands of those per sons only who are authorised by me. " On my demand only, and only in the way indicated by me, you must give active support, with men and with money, to the war now waging in the provinces held cap tive by Russia. " Patience and subordination must be your motto. Im plicit obedience is now your first duty. Indifference is a sin, and opposition a crime. "CHIEF OP TILE TOWN or ',EMBER G. (Naczelnik Miasta Lwowa.)" It is an error to suppose that there is a " revolu tionary" committee in Lemberg, as some German newspapers have hinted, and as a Bohemian journal of Panslavonian tendencies, and therefore bitterly hostile to any movement that may have the effect of weakening Russia, has openly asserted. The Com mittee for Eastern Galicia, sitting at Lemberg, like the Committee for Western Galicia, sitting at Cracow, is in correspondence and in union with the Central Committee of the National Go vernment sitting at Warsaw. It was formed for the purpose of directing the efforts of the Galicians on behalf of their countrymen in Russian Poland, and in aiding the movement against Russia in every possible manner. It has committed an act of great imprudence in sanctioning the circulation of an address in which one of its officials claims openly to exercise authority over th e P o li s h subjects of Austria, but it c an b e seen f rom the address itself that the committ ee d es i res most earnest a l authority of the Austrian Government the same time respected. One word as to the "enemies of the movement," " check that readi ness are described as wishing to shall a thatl b the authority a e t ness to make sacrifices which is A great deal has been said aboutthe existence of our o nly strength." two parties in Poland, and it might that the persons againstwhom the "be imagined Chief of th e Town" of Lemberg cautions his fellow-citizens are his political opponents. It is easier, however, t o say that there are two parties in Poland th an to sa y what separates them or what diffe ren t v i ews they entertain. A great abuse is mad e of the words " aristocratic" and "democratic" here, as i n other countries. I asked a distinguished Polish "democrat" the other day (who, by the way, would be very much annoyed if any One 'were to question the antiquity of his family) w h et h er he STAMPED ....sd. desired the future Poland to be governed by an in tellip,;eut minorits or by au ignorant majority, to which he at once replied, "by an intelligent mi nority," and seemed astonished that I could think him capable of giving any other reply, I have not. yet been able to find a Polish " democrat" unwise enough to maintain that the Polish peasants ought to have votes, or a Polish " aristocrat " unjust enough to deny that all classes ought to be equal before the law. What really did divide the two parties until the insurrection brok e out was the pea pea- sant question; the proprietors of the so-called "aria. tocratic " party wishing to cede to each peasant a portion of the land which he had been in the habit ina profit, democratic" white p a t r h t e y w n o e n r generous enough to ma n in that the whole of such land should be given up. o p f r oprietors cultivatingof the f°r so-called h isowt The democrats, however, were not " socialists," as it has been the fashion to call them. They never proposed to rob the proprietor, nor did they want over as absolute property to the peasants and that th e p ro p rietors athneytpheieneganfotr-ltehneamesheolvoelas. b A e ll m th e e d y e desired was that should be indemnified by the nation. Their scheme m to a rs y adopted it. " If," the so-called " democratic" o h a a n ve se h a a re d e a ly c s o a m y m so un n i o s w tic , lfooork,thbeuyt them selvesthhaevperoprie party used to say, " the peasants are not disposed to join the national movement, that is because the proprietors did not long ago give them up the ground for which, until the present insurrection broke out, they had either to perform task work or to pay rent. If the proprietors had been more patriotic, and had only sacrificed a portion of the land which belonged to them for the sake of the land to which they belong, the peasant would have had something to fight for, and would have taken up arms with the rest of the country." " Why," observed a highly democratic insurgent to me cue day, " I saw a peasant near Olkusz go under fire to save his calf. What would he not do if he pos sessed a field really his own, and the Russians were going to ravage it ?" It is difficult to say what he would or what he would not do, but, in the mean while, it is certain that the land question can give rise to no more dissensions among the Poles, for the peasants have had their farms formally and finally ceded to them by the National Government, and the April and July quarters have passed without rent having been received or claimed in any part of Poland. The peasants, always anxious to be on the safe side, have in some places in the Kingdom taken their rent to their late landlords and begged them to accept it ; and I am told that they were at first very much mystified, and afterwards very grateful, but still rather perplexed, when they were told that they had nothing to pay, and that their land had been given to them by order of the Polish National Government. Nevertheless, there are two parties in every coun try in which discussion has long been a habit, and the mode of conduct pursued in connection with the insurrection, while approved by the educated part of the nation in general, is at the same time stigma tised by one section as " reactionary.' Here, again, there is an abuse of terms. No one in Poland (excepting always the peasants, who form a class apart, and want simply to be let alone) is opposed to " action" on behalf of Polish independence; but the majority have throughout been in favour of moderate, sustained action, and the general plan has been to keep up a good continuous blaze in as many parts of Poland as possible, while taking care not to burn up everything at once. According to this party the object of the Polish insurrection is to keep Russia at bay, and to give the Western Powers the opportunity of intervening on behalf of Poland under favourable circumstances. The par 4 of extreme action, on the other hand, maintain that half measures have been and may be again the ruin of Poland. They have no faith in diplomacy, and say that, instead of counting upon foreign aid, the Poles should rise in all parts of Poland, and stake everything on ono great trial. The men of the moderate, otherwise the "aristo cratic," " diplcmatic," and " reactionary" party believe that if this great experiment were made it would be unsuccessful, and then everything would be lost, whereas, under the system hitherto pursued, the insurrection may at least be kept up long enough to allow the Western Powers to come to the aid of Poland if they really wish to do so. Of course, reproaches are interchanged. The leaders of the moderate party are accused of think ing too much of their estates and of fearing too much the penalty of confiscation, while the leaders of the extreme party, who have for the most part no estates to think about, and who laugh at the pen alty of confiscation, as the penniless traveller laughs at robbers, are accused of being " the enemies of property," of wishing to raise themselves on the ruins of the aristocratic class in Poland, and so on. It seems to me that these recriminations are not I deserved on either side. The great proprietors, so immense sums from being selfish, have contributed sums towards the expenses of the insurrection, and without their personal aid not a single detachment of those that are formed in Galicia would be able to reach the frontier. On the other hand the lower and middle classes (counting in the latter small proprie. tors, students, and the managers, stewards, &c., of estates) have done nearly all the fighting, and allow. antes ought to be made for them if they sometimes hastily condemn those who from a commendable pru ,, dence, and not from any want of p a t r i ot i sm, have hitherto abstained from joining them in the . field. Doubtless on both sides there are some bad men. There are aristocrats so selfish as to think of nothing but their own private interests, and democrats so envious as to wish to destroy the most ancient and honourable families of Poland, from mere hatred of social superiority. But the only democrats in Po iand, in the proper political sense of the word, are the Russian and Austrian Governments, who para lyse the influence of the educated classes by raising up the peasantry against them. There is no poll . - heal democrati c p ar t y, an d consequent l y n o politi cal aristocratic party to oppose. Every so-called Polish democrat knows—what the real democrats of France and England seem to be ignorant of— that by far the greatest class in isPoland utterly opposed to the notion of Polish independence. in The two parties, then, existing Poland consist, on the one hand, of those W ho hitherto have wish e d only to keep up a slow , s teady fire in the country, with the view of attracting foreigners and foreign intervention, and, on the other, of th ose who have of a general blaze, to desired, by meansburn out the Russians at once with out thinking of foreigner at all. B u t at the present moment t h e poliejy of the moderate party, or at l east of a Poriion of it seems to be changi ny persons— Whir and I hear 1119.. s hocked at t h e terrible losses whie'a the Poles have already experienced, and it is ra i n —say that the to - be hoped not in in surrection has done its work, and that no fresh expeditions need be sent either to Volhynia or to the Kingdom. " The object," they allege, "of the Polish insurrection was to bring about a diplomatic not lead t o intervention , which may or may an i ntervention by arms. The diploma tic knot having now been tied, it remains to be seen whether or not it • • will have to be cut with the sword, and the solution or scission does not," they main tain, "depend upon the possibility of Russia and the Western Poi ers coming to an understanding.on the subject of Poland." It is against the men who argue in this manner that the "Chief of the Town of Lemberg" warns his " fellow-citizens," and not , might against any political party. There is no split in the Polish camp, but a minority of the Poles seem to be of opinion that the nation ought now to reserve I its strength as much as possible ; while the National Government, supported by the majority, is evi dently convinced that it is most essential at the present critical moment, not only not to check the movement, but even to give fresh impetus to it. In the meanwhile, numerous fresh detachments are being formed, and the Russian Government will SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. READING RACES, AUG. 14. The Forbury Stakes (handicap) of 3 sovs each, with 25 added ; for 3-yr-olds and upwards; winners extra; the winner to be sold for 40 sovs, and any surplus to go to the fund. About seven furlongs straight. Mr. W. Pearse's Nereus, aged, 85t...... (11. Griuishaw) 1 Mr. David's Dominic Sampson, 5 yrs, Bst 101 b F Mr. M. Henry's Abern e th y, 3 yrs, 7st 31b (E. orster) 2 haw) Mr. Harroway's Telegram, age d , 7st 61b (J Grims (Clement 3 ) 4 Betting-6 to 4 agst Do m i n i c S ampson, 2to 1 agst Nereus. The latter made play throughout, and wen easily by a length; Abernethy was a bad third. The winner was purchased by Mr. Jacobs, of Cheltenham, for 51 guineas. The Caversham Stakes (handicap) of 3 sovs each, with 25 added; winners extra. Straight run in, three-quarters of a mile. Lord Bateman's Danaus, 3 yrs, sst 71b (J. Grimshaw) 1 Lord Bateman's Miss Livingstone, 3 yrs, Bst 41b (Custance) 2 Mr. Chancellor's Sister to Melsonby, 3 yrs, 7st 71b (car ried 7st 81b) (H. Grimshaw) 3 The following also ran :—Teddy, Cairucastle, the-Pan, Overture, Deerfoot, The Gunner, Midnight, Rubini, Vitus, Victorine, Voluptas, and Flutter. Betting-9 to 2 agst Flash-in-the• Pan, 6to 1 agst Sister to Melsonby, 100 to 15 each agst Deerfoot and Voluptas, 8 to 1 each agst The Gunner, Miss Livingstone, and Rubini, 10 to agst Teddy, 12 to 1 agst Danaus, 100 to 8 agst Over ture, 100 to C agst Cairncastle, 20 to 1 each agst Midnight and Flutter. The Gunner made play, followed by Miss Livingstone, Danaus, and Teddy on his loft, Voluptas close up on his right. They ran in this order to the distance, where Danaus took up the running, followed by Sister to Melsonby, Deer foot, and Livingstone, Rubini, and Flash-in the-Pau, Half way up Sister to Melsonby gave way to Miss Livingstone, who, unable to reach her stable companion, was beaten three-quarters of a length; Flash-in-the-Pan was fourth, and the last two were Voluptas and St. Vitus. Flutter, in making the turn, struck into the heels of some other horse and fell, Mordan, the jockey, being carried to the infirmary, but, on examination, was found only to have been shaken. The Thames Handicap of 5 sous each, 2 ft, with 50 added, for three-yr-olds and upwards; winners extra. One mile and three-quarters. 14 subs. Mr. Low's Gibraltar, 6 yrs, Bst 71b (Custance) 1 Mr. S. Thellusson's Kingswood, 3 yrs, 7st 91b (inc. 71b extra) (car 7st 101 b) (Foram) 2 Mr. Brayley's Hampton Court, 3 yrs, Est 71b.. (Cannon) 3 The following also ran :—Violet, Sweet Willie, Remune rator, Quicksand, Petersham, and Willie the Beau. Betting -7 to 2 agst Gibraltar, sto 1 agst Violet, 6to 1 agst Remunerator, 100 to 15 agst Hampton Court, 8 to 1 each agst Kingswood, Sweet Willie, and Quicksand, 10 to 1 agst Petersham. Sweet Willie held a slight lead of Remunerator, Violet, Petersham, and Kingswood for three-quarters of a mile, when he retired, and Remunerator want on with the running. Half a mile from home Gibraltar, who had been lying fourth, deprived Remunerator of the lead, and, continuing in front to the ond, won cleverly by a length and a half ; Hampton Court a bad third, Petersham fourth, Violet fifth, Quicksand sixth, and Willie the Beau and Sweet Willie were beaten off. The Selling Stakes of 3 sovs each, with 25 added, for all ages ; selling and otter allowances. Half-a -mile. Mr. T. Hughes's Good-for-Nothing, 4 yrs (£2O), 7st 111 b (T French) 1 Mr, Sutton's Bittern, 2 yrs (L2O), sst 81b (Donlan) 2 Mr. Payne's Tomfoolery, 2 yrs (L2O), sst 81b _ (J. Grimshaw) 3 The following also ran :—Neilgherry, St. Vitus, Wee Aggie, Maid of Lincoln colt, and Nereus. Betting-7 to 4 agst Tomfoolery, sto 2 agst lieilgheny, 6 to 1 agst Wee Aggie, 8 to 1 agst Good for Nothing, 10 to 1 each agst Bittern and Nereus. Good for Nothing made the running, attended by Tom foolery until arriving opposite the stand, where Bittern came with a rush, but never getting up was beaten by half a length; Tomfoolery finished three-quarters of a length behind Bittern ; and Neilgherry was only beaten a head from the favourite. The winner was bought by Mr. Patterson for 80 guineas, and Bittern was claimed by Mr. Simpson. The Whitley Stakes (Handicap) of 10 soya each, 5 ft, with 50 added; winners extra. One mile. 41 subs, 21 of whom declared. Mr. Reeve's Topsy, 3 yrs, Get 31b (inc 71b extra) (J. Grimshaw) 1 Mr. Merry's Calliope colt, 3 yrs, Get ........ (J. Loates) 2 Mr. W. S. Crawfurd's Crotchet colt, 4 yrs, bat 71b (H. Covey) 3 The following also ran :—Game Cock, Gibraltar, Earl of Surrey, and Balliverne. Betting-6 to 5 agst the Calliope colt-100 to 30 agst Topsy-100 to 15 agst Gibraltar, The Calliope colt made play to the half distance, where Topsy obtained the lead, and won a capital race by a neck; three lengths separated the second and third ; Gamecock was fourth, Baliverno fifth, Gibraltar sixth, and Earl of Surrey did not pass the post. The Abbey Stakes, of 15 soya each, 5 ft, with 50 added, for 2 yr-olds; colts, Sst 101 b; fillies, Sst Glb ; certain penal ties and allowances. Five furlongs. 32 subs. Mr. E. Crawshaye's Eastminster, 9st 111 b (inc 51b extra) (Fordhm Marquis of Hasti ngs ' s Garotter, Oat 31b (ino 71b ex a tra) ) 1 S. ) 2 Mr. Merry' s C r i s i s, Bst 131 b (inc a 31b allo ( wance ßogers a nd 101 b extra) Mr. E. Brayley's De Grey, Bst 71b (allowed 31b) (H. Covey) (A. mifi Cowl) 4 Mr. Sax o n 's L ord Cochrane, Sat 71b (allowed 31b)(gl ey ey) 5 Betting--Even on Garotter-9 to 4 agst Crisis-100 to 15 agst Eastminster. The latter made play, and for some distance followed by Do Grey, who g i v i ng way to G aro tt er , a splendid race fro m the distance ensued, and resulted in the defeat of the fa vourite by a neck ; tw o lengths separated the sec on d and third. of 100 sous, for all ages; Nvill•• The Stand e ( x il tra alldica .li P alf a mile. 33 subs. b ............ (Delay) 2 4 yrs, Bst 41b .... (Fordham) 1 Mr. Fleming's Cadiz , Mr. Wadlow's Tarr . ago , yra, 75t , 81 also . . ran :—Tom Fool, Mountain Buck, Mr.. Jacobs's Lufra, 3 yrs, 7st Llb. ....... (J. Holman) 4 Vigil, Peahen, Calliope colt, Blanche of Juliet,The GfoipllsoywinGigrl, Lancaster, Perseverance, Vindicta, Tom Sayers, Overstone, Girdle, Signalman, Elean or , I mposition, Elise, and Tom.. foolery. Batting-5 to 2 agst Tarragona, 6to 1 agst Vigil, 10 to 1 agst Gipsy Girl, 100 to 8 each agst Lufra, Signal man , and Overstone, 100 to 6 agst Perseverance, 20 to 1 each agst Imposition and Mountain Buck, and 50 to 1 egg Toni Sayers. Gipsy Girl obtained a clear lead at the 'kart, followed by Tarragona, Tomfoolery, Cadiz, Lufra., and Elise to the half distance, where Tarragona and I:, e ,di z d rew away, the fi rst - mentioned winning cleverly ) .)y half a length ; Cadiz beat Lufra (who passed alPirt: Girl opposite the Stand) by half a length. PerseveralYce, who went in front of Gipsy Girl in the last few 4t'rides, was fourth, and Tomfoolery sixth. BETTING ON THE COURSE. GREAT EBOR HANDICAP. Gto 1 agst Clarior (offered) Bto 1 aget Golden Pledge (offered) 10 to 1 agst Monk (taken) 10 to 1 agst Piccador (taken) 15 to 1 agst Fantail (taken) LEGER. sto 1 aget Ranger (taken and offered) 100 to 15 agst Lord Clifden (taken and offered) 7to 1 agst Queen Bertha (offered) Bto 1 agst Avenger (offered) 30 to 1 agst Onesander (taken) 40 to 1 aget Borealis (taken) 1000 to 10 agst liemptown (taken) 1000 to 10 agst Cheerful (taken) 15 to 1 agst Lord Glasgow's lot (wanted) BETTING AT MANCLIES rER—FRIDAY. EBOR HANDICAP. sto 1 agst Clarior (offered) 17 to 2 agst Golden Pledge (taken) 9to 1 agst Carisbrook (taken) 10 to 1 agst The Monk (taken) 10 to 1 agst Melrose (taken and offered) 14 to 1 agst Bellman (offered) 20 to 1 agst Fantail (taken) ST. LEGER. 11 to 2 agst Lord Clifden (taken) 6to 1 bar one (offered) ---- A HINT PICKED u" P IN THE STREETS of ( PARlS.—Every Street in Paris is swept and w, shed down each morning. Ple nt y of work is involved . . in that, for all litter of th e d ay goes into the street at nig ht being not kept festering in dustbins, as is our habit to keep the like. But, after the cleansing, not a stalk, a shell, or a straw, will offend the sight for the remainder of the day.