The Sun. — London, England, 1830-03-23 00:00:00

) /7" / • MANCHESTER, MARCH 16, 1830. ATa numerous and respectable MEETING AT of the OWNERS and OCCUPIERS of PUBLIC HOMES and INNS, held at the Crown inn, Blackfriars street, Salford, on MONDAY, the 15th March instant, to take into consideration the propriety of petitioning Par liament to be beard by Counsel, at the Bar, against any measure for throwing open the Trade in Beer, Mr. SAMUEL . LIVESEY, in the Chair, The following Resolutions were unanimously agreed to: I. That after the experience of the Acts of Parliament already passed for the encouragement of Retail Brewers, and the proved futility of the hopes of public advantage which were founded on them, the owners and occupiers of Inns and Public-houses in Manchester, Salford, and the vicinity, have learned with alarm, and not without indig nation, that further experiments in legislation are to be made, to their certain injury and ruin, and with no pro table benefit to society at large. . 2; That though the professed objects of Parliament in encouraging the sale of beer by Retail Brewers, was to afford the public the means of obtainiug, as the Act ex • k r eased, " a cheaper and better beverage," and to improve . the morals of the humbler classes in particular, by in . ductng them to consume malt liquor at their own homes; none of these consequences have resulted : that on the Contrary, the Retail Brewers brew beer of very inferior quality; that many of them contrive to open premises near their own, on which their beer may be consumed, and the consequence is that such premises are the scenes of disgraceful riot, a crying nuisance to the public, and the cause of increased intemperance and profligacy among the lower class of society. 3. That if, as has been alleged, the present licensing system has had the effect of giving large Brewers in Lon . don an injurious monopoly, the• shopkeepers and othet , retailers will also, along with the publicans, become the retailers of their beer ; that this monopoly is in a great measure unknown in this country, where nine-tenths of the Licensed Victuallers brew their own beer, and where the effect of the proposed law would be to increase rather tinin diminish the , amount of beer brewed at public breweries. 4. That w hil e t h e pu bli c a d va ntages expected froin these. Acta are proved' by experience to be delusive, the mischiefs anticipated from them by the Licensed Victuallers have been realised ; that while the consumption of malt liquor in private 'houses has not been increased by these Acts, the Licensed Victuallers have raised up, in competi tion with them, a body of retailers, who are not subject td the same rents, to the grievous oppression of billets, nor to other legal burdens imposed exclusively on Licensed Victuallers ; who are not, as the Licensed Victuallers are, responsible for the conduct of their customers, and for• the preservation of peace and good order ; 'who consequently have not the same personal responsibility of character in a trade, the respectability of which depends on the manner of conducting it; and who are thus made free by the very laws and circumstances which tie the hands of the Licensed Victuallers. 5. That if the owners and occupiers of Inns and Pub lic-houses have enjoyed the benefit of a monopoly, they have individually ves t e d their money in such houses, and entered into the trade under the faith of the Acts of Par liament which created that monopoly, and created it, not for their advantage, but for the advantage of the revenue ; that the chief advantages of that monopoly have hitherto been derived by the Government themselves, who have availed themselves of it to make the Licensed Victuallers their unpaid collectors of excise, to find quarters for soldiers partly at the expense, and often 'to the grievous loss of Licensed Victuallers, and to make the Licensed Victuallers, by these means, and by their heavy excise licence, and their higher assessments to all direct taxes, pay over to Government a large portion of the benefits of that mo nopoly which it is now affected to decry. 6. That the project that is now announced by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, for making the trade' in beer open, will have the effect of increasing all the evils, as re spects both the public and the trade, which have been proved to result from the the experiments already made ; that every shop will thus be put on a level with the Licensed public-houses ; and that the Licensed Victuallers, burthened and restricted as they are, and liable to all the expences of large and respectable establishments, will have to encounter the rivalry of retailers under sheds or in the streets. 7. That while the Chancellor of the Exchequer proposes to destroy the monopoly of the owners and occupiers of Inns and Public-houses, he proposes to forego none of the advantages which the Exchequer has derived from that monopoly; that while he ruins the trade of the Licensed Victuallers, he seems disposed to draw from the remains of their capital the advantages which he has hitherto drawn from their profits, and while, in all other circumstances, they areto be placed orva -level:with the rest-of the public, they are still to enjoy the benefits of exclusive taxation. 8. That even to place the Licensed Victuallers on a level with the rest of the public, in respect of taxation, would be a very inadequate measure of justice; that in most instances the- Magistrates, previously to granting licenses, have insisted on the houses being of a superior description ; that houses of such a description have generally been built for the express purposes of the trade; that for tunes have been sunk in their erection, and in expensive outfits, to be recovered only by the legitimate profits of the trade; and that now to throw the trade open would be to effect a partial revolution, to the destruction of the calling and the capital of a large class of the community, whose property rests on the same foundation as that of the fund holder, the authority of Acts of Parliament, is equally sacred, and is entitled to equal protection. 9. That the hopes of increasing, by such a course, the receipts of the Revenue, will be as vain as the expectation of improving public morals by the same course ; that the effect wi I be to withdraw property and responsibility from the trade, and to leave it in the hands of those who, having nothing to stake against the chances of excise penalties, Will be the proper instruments for the evasion of the excise laws, and the consequent dilapidation of the revenue. 10. That this Meeting adopt, and present to both Houses of Parliament, petitions in the spirit of these Reso lutions. 11. That subscriptions be immediately opened for the purpose of carrying the foregoing Resolution into effect ; and that all Publicans and owners of Public-house property be solicited to contribute thereto ; and that the following gentlemen be appointed a Committee, with power to add to their number : Mr. LIVESEY, Mr. R. K. SNAPE, Mr. WOLSTENCROFT, Mr. BAGNALL, Mr. C ROSSLEY, Mr. FOWLER, Mr. HAMPSON, Mr. DEAN, Mr. CUFF, Mr. TIMPERLEY, Mr. WILDE, Mr. SLATER, Mr. BURTON, Mr. NEWTON. Mr. JOHNSON, 12. That John Hatnpson. Esq., of Salf4 rd, be appointed Treasurer; and Mr. Schofield, of St. George's-road, be appointed Secretary. - SAMUEL LIVESEY, Chairman. Mr. Livesey having left the chair, and Mr. Dean being called thereto, the thanks of the Meeting Were unanimously voted to Mr. Livesey, for the able manner in whieh he conducted the business of the Meeting. THOMAS DEAN. CARPETS. - V .. and W.II4 , MICHAEL beg to call the ILA • attention of the Public to a most extensive Stock of Carpets, which they have just received from their M mu factory,and are offering them at such an enormous reduction, that it merits the particular notice of families furnishing. Brussels, of a very superior description, selling at the ma nufacturing price; ditto, very stout goods, last year's patterns, considerably, below cost price ; these are a sort of Carpet that would suit Hotel or Tavern-keepers. Yard -wide Kidderminster and Venetian. Stair Carpeting, every width, very cheap. A large Stock of well-seasoned Floor Cloth, cut to any dimensions. The Royal Damask Carpet, in a great variety of patterns. A large assortment of Hearth Rugs, Druggeta, India Mats, Door Mats, and Matting. Observe -273, Nigh Holborn, directly opposite Red Lion -street, is the Wholesale and Retail Warehouse. The Manufactory, Bridgenorth, Shropshire. REAL BLESSING TO MOTIERS. THERE is not, perhaps, in theri' ole Ma aerie Mediea any one Remedy which so effectually relieves the pain of a suffering Patient as theAMERICAN SOOTHING SYRUP. Who can watch the writhing tortures into w h ich a lovely infant is often convulsed, during the period of dentition, without feeling sympathy for its sufferin gs ? And who would hesitate to procure a Remedy, whin a remedy can be found, which is obvious by the eff ectual relief afforded in so many distressing eases, which are daily corning to the notice of Mrs. JOHNSON Therefore Mothers ought never to be without the AME RICAN SO OTHING SYRUP in the Nursery ; f or if a Child awakes in the night with pain, by only rubbing the gum n s with a f ew d rops of the Syrup, it will immediately ope the pores, heal the gums, and thereby prevent fevers and sonvulsions; for should it come in competition with any other disorder, it often destroys the mother's brightest hopos.—To be had, 'wholesale and retail, of Johnson and 01 ., 28, York -place, City -road • and, by their appoint- Country,ment, of et, principal Mediein; Voaders in Town and at 2e. 9d. per bottle. N.B. None are per unless signed on the Stamp With Mrs. Johiaseel 'ge nuine hand-wriling, as there are apu dos mit Complete and Entire in One Volume, Svo. 14s. A.BEhNETHY'S LECTURES on SUR GERY and LOCAL DISEASES. These are the whole of the Lectures, verbatim and un mutilated, delivered by Mr. Abernethy at St. Birtholo mew's to his Pupils, the correctness of which has been verified by him in the Court of Chancery. to s. i ) 52 I 36 3 46 J. s. d. 6 60 9 60 9 66 9 80 0 00 3 76 6 12 6 6 10 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 ie 695. le 735. ie 75r. le 635. e 71s. ie 75r. to 365. w e n 23. le le 40s le 365. le Vs. le 28s. te 255. Stone. Load. Load. Last. latzzleal. R 8 29 TJ 38 110 ..... t mar 4d, 13 1 down Wheat Pease e ave- leans. ons Od t2s Od Od :re sold. s mar of this , 12s. nd —Oats, 9, Od. .—Oats, —Oat g, to Oct ats, 10s. —Beer, Cwt. 4 0 8 0 9 0 Os. Od. ound, 3litana, on the Astro hat has ) much minent from . .n) per :a man ff years district pan e to see nough, the sin ad and love to iy the lie sees t mal t@ full- ) him. extra- inch •f er !"—.. Co to neigh 'ice of y last ; and nfined, !olds It this lerable he ex have e poor Li they exist .n, We home lent in iptions If; than aving, al ex huts be pro log.— lING rul ne ig-boat abella, place, lirectly place, Ile too ccord.- return A'. De inister son of eldtst y, N. ed 44, :car of 3, Al .4 7 v , . • - f ' 44' • . 1 . . . . .• 4111 W, , ..* „ . • .1( • , ~. . ', , t ). . .. 0 1 - ' . 44 Sf '7 ''' ao A , 4:1 ": ,:: 0, , ) • . ~. .. .. (.._ ... CAT 1.1-a, - ~ ~ . ..L .,, 4 , - ' 01.!*-4 , 1- .-..- . " 4,,, . . , IN y am ( , 4 ...-, .. ~. - ' . . A _ `.. ... • . - ,:•.; ~,.. - 4'.' - ' •. • ' , . -.' ~ L.' CI :) ~,,..0.„ ..,: ...... ~..4 4 J .,„ ........,--_,,t,.., ;... .., .__ , , „.„---..,,, ~.. -iiett ri-A / ir. 4' , ro vl.# - , - ''' -6'.•:' ".._,:, • ',.- 1 I ' t - i .,:3,t,, , ,ti1 t -, -- . b . , 0;-_, At. , bii,t) ~,., k.,.....3 401511 i , , No. 11,708. EAST INDIA HOUSE, Frs. 24, 1830. TCOURT of DIRECTORS of 11.- the - UNITED COMPANY of MERCHANTS of ENGLAND, trading to the EAST INDIES, do hereby givenotioe, That the Court have withdrawn their Advertisements of the 17th instant, for Hiring Ships of the burthen of from 400 to 550 Tons, registered measurement, for one Voyage to and from Bengal, and that the Court will be ready to receive proposals in writing, on WIDNESDAY, the 24th March, from the owners of good, sound, and substantial copper-bottomed Ships, of the burthen of from 400 to 650 tons, registered measurement, specifying the rate of freight at which they may be willing to let such Ships for one voyage to and from Bengal. • That the Court will also he ready to receive proposals in writing on the said Wednesday, 24th March next, from the owner or owners of good, sound, and substantial copper bottomed Ships, of the burthen of from 500 to 650 tons, registered measurement, specifying the rate of freight at which they may be willing to let such Ships for one voyage to China,and from China to Halifax, in Nova Scotia and Quebec, and at that port to be discharged from the Com pany's Service. The Tenderr,with the words " Ship Tender" on the cover, to be severally sealed and left with the Secretary at this House, at or before Twelve o'clock at noon on the said Wednesday, 24th March next, beyond which hour the Court will not receive any , tender PETER AJMER, Secretary. The particulars of the Terms and Conditions upon which the Ships will be respectively engaged, may be had upon application at the Shipping Office, in this House, on or after Saturday, the 27th instant. EAST INDIA HOUSE, MARcli 15, 1830. THE COURT of DIRECTORS of the UNITED COMPANY of MERCHANTS of ENGLAND trading to the EAST INDIES, do hereby give Notice, in conformity to the 6th Sec. of the 7th Chap. of the By-Laws of the said Company, That the following PROPRIETORS, qualified agreeable to Law, have signified in writing to the Secretary their desire of becoming CANDIDATES for the Directioe, at the ensuing ELECTION of SIX DIRECTORS on WED NESDAY, the 14th April next. JOHN BAILLIE, Esq. • JAMES RIVETT CARNAC, Esq. Sir ROBERT TOWNSEND FARQUHAR, Bart. JAAIES LAW LUSHINGTON, Esq. JOHN PETTY MUSPRATT, Esq. WILLIAM WIGRAM, PETER AUBER, Secretary. TO THE PROPRIETORS OF EAST INDIA STOCK. LADIES AND GENTLEMEN, 'THE death of Sir ROBERT FARQUHAR 1 haying caused a VACANCY in the EAST INDIA I DIRECTION, I hasten to declare any resolution of pro ceeding to the Ballot at the Annual Election on the 14th of April, or at-any other Election that may intermediately take place. At a crisis so full of anxious interest to myself, I may I trust be excused for entreating the substantial proof of that kind encouragement and consideration which I have so generally received ; and I therefore earnestly and respect fully beg you to give me that hearty co-operation and sup port which will at once place me in the situation to which I aspire, indelibly impress me with the most grateful re collection of your kindness, and urge me to an assiduous discharge of my duties. I have the honour to be, Ladies and Gentlemen, ' Tour faithful and obedient servant, • JOHN FORBES. 15, Hailey-street, March 16, 1830. Mr. Forbes's Committee will sit daily at the London Tavern, Bishopsgate-street. THE Friends of Mr. JOHN FORBES are respectfdlly reqdeited to call in, as often as their convenience will permit, at the London Tavern, Bishops gate-street, where his Committee meet daily. March 20, 1830. MR. HENRY SHAINK'S ELECTION. AT a MEETING of the Fri en d s o f HENRY SHANK, Esq., held this day at the City of London Tavern, WILLIAM CRAWFORD, EN., in the Chair, It was moved by Vice-Admiral Sir RICHARD KING, Bart., K.C.8., and seconded by ENEAS BARKLY, Esq. That it is at all times Important that the administration of the affairs of the East India Company should be com mitted to Gentlemen distinguished by tke union of talent and experience, with high personal reputation, and espe cially so at this particular period, when the attention of the Legislature and the Public is anxiously directed to the consideration of our political and commercial relations with British India. Moved by the Right Hon CHARLES GRANT, M.P. Seconded by Sir JAMES SHAW. Bart. _ . . That Mr. Henry Shank having been, during a period of twenty-four years, employed in the Cic it Service of the East India Company, successively held offices of the highest confidence and responsibility, and discharged the duties thereof in a manner which obtained for him the marked approbation of the Court of Directors, and its unanimous nomination of that Gentleman to be a Member of the Government of Bombay. Moved by GEORGE HARTWELL, Esq., Seconded by JOHN HORNBY, Esq. That this Meeting does, on these grounds, earnestly re— commend Mr. Shank to the support of the Proprietors, pledging itself to use every possible exertion to obtain his election as an East India Director. City of London Tavern, March 22, 1880. Also, Sir ASTLEY COOPER'S LECTURES, One thick Vol., 'nice 89. F. C. Weatley, 165, Strand. N.B. A Subscriber's Copy of the ENCYCLOPIEDIA METROPOLITANA. UNDER THE PATRONAGE OF HIV GRACIOUS MAJESTY, GEORGE IV. STATIONAL PORTRAIT GALLERY OF ILLUSTRIOUS AND EMINENT PER SONAGES OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY; with MEMOIRS, By WILLIAM JERDAN, Esq, P.A.S.&e. In calling the attention of the British Public to this undertaking, the Proprietors would chiefly point out its acknowledged value as a Work of Art ; its paramount in terest as a Gallery of British Portrait., comprising all that is illustrious for Rank, or eminent for Talent, in our own day; its importance to History, as handing down to Posterity authentic Likenesses of the distinguished charac ters of a Period, the most brilliant and eventful in the an nals of the World. To be engaged on such a Work, is to tke Publishers a subject of the highest pride and gratification, inasmuch as it affords to every admirer of natioraal greatness, at a very trifling expense, the enviable means of becoming ac quainted with the personal appearance of those illustrious Individuals, by whom his Native Land has been se signally adorned during the Nineteenth Century. " We have now to introduce to the reader a Work of no less permanent value, than of immediate interest. We may add, that the National Portrait Gallery will be found a very fit and useful appendage to Lodge's splendid Work of a similar nature.".—See Monthly Mag. Nov. 1829. MODE OF PUBLICATION. A Part is published on the Ist of each Month, contain ing three Portraits, mostly selected from the finest original Paintings, in the possession of the Nobility, Gentry, and Public Bodies, engraved in the highest style, and accom panied by their corresponding Memoirs. Twelve Parts will form a Volume, containing 36 Portraits, and forming a most splendid PORTRAIT ANNUAL. Price, in Imperial Bvo. 3s. per Part; or with proof impressions of the Plates on India Paper, ss. per Part. London : Fisher, Son, and Co., Newgate-street ; Colnaghi and Co., Pall Mall East ; Ackermann and Co., Strand ; Tilt, Fleet-street; and Simpkin and Marshall, Stationers' Hall-court, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENtIirG,• MARCH 23, 1830. NOTICE TO ARTISTS. ALL WORKS of PAINTING, SCULP TURE, or ARCHITECTURE, intended for the ensuing EXHIBITION at the ROYAL ACADEMY, must be sent in on MONDAY the sth, or by Six o'clock in the Evening of TUESDAY the 6th of April next, after which time atone can possibly be received. The Regulations necessary to be observed may be seen in the last Year's Catalogue, or may be obtained at the Academy. HENRY HOWARD, R.A., Sec. TO LICENCED VICTUALLERS. London Tavern Committee Room, Monday, March 15. THE TRADE COMMITTEE inform their Brethren throughout the Collin:17 that they are anxiously and zealously engaged in the endeavour to protect their interests. They sit daily, and will be most thankful for every communication for the general welfare. THE QUARTERLY REVIEW, No. LXXXIV. will be published on TUESDAY, the SOth inst. Just published, in 18mo. with Portrait and Map, Bs. 6d. IUEIVIOIRS of Mrs. ANN JUDSON, kVA- late Missionary to Burmah. lucluding a IlistOry of the Atuericazt Baptist Mission in the Burmau, Empire. a y By I. D. KNOWLES. . Printedlar Whittaker, Treaolier, and Co., Ave Maria lane, London ; and Waugh and Innes, Edinburgh. Just published, in Bvo. 10s. 6d. D ROBLEMS in the 'DIFFERENT BRANCHES of PHILOSOPHY, adapted to the Course of Reading pursued in the University of Cambridge, collected and arranged by the Rev. M. BLAND, D.D., F.R.S, late Fellow and Tutor of St. John's College, Cambridge. Printed for Whittaker, Trencher, and Co., Ave Maria-lane. Just published, in I2mo. 6s. 6d. THE WORKS of HORACE; the Latin Text from Gesner, with a literal Translation into English Prose. This day was published, in post Bvo. I Os. 6d. boards, rl ,l l - 1E PILGRIM of the HEBRIDES : a _ _ Lay of the North Countrie. Printed for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. Of whom may he had, by the came Author, THREE DAYS - AT KILLARNEY. Post Bvo. 78. boards. " The entire volume will repay with interest an atten tive perusal from those who enjoy descriptive poetry, but more especially from those who are acquainted with the scenes described."—New Monthly. Mag., July 1, 1828. This day was published, price 6s. THE EDINBURGH CRITICAL JOURNAL. REVIEW ; No. 100. CONTENTS : —Art. I. Providential and Prophetical His tories ; Dr. Miller's Philosophy of- History, Forster's Mahomedanism Unveiled, &c.—II. Political Economy; Mr. Sadler's School, Italian Economists.—llL Lieutenant Maw's Journal of a Passage from the Pacific to the At lantic.—lV. Etruscan History and Antiquities ; Inghi rami, Muller, &c.—V. Wilson's Life and Times of Daniel Defoe.—Vl. Duties on Sugar; Sugar Trade.--VII. The Ottoinan Empire, Travels in, Present State, and Pro spects; Frankland, Madden, Walsh, Macfarlane.—Vlll. Itnpolicy of Increasing the Duties on Spirits.—lX. Sir Butane Donkin on the Course and probable Termination of the - -Niger - New-System of - eure ; Hah nemann's Homiiopathie.—Xl. Southey's Colloquies on the Progress and Prospects of Society, &c. &c. Printed for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, London; and Adam Black, Edinburgh. •,,,* No. 101 will be published in April. NETTING AND BUNTING FOR FRUIT TREES, FOR THE STACK-YARD, GARDEN, AND CO LONIAL SETTLEMENTS. WATERPROOF RICK CLOTHS completely fitted up: Netting and Bunting fur Fruit Trees. Marquees and Tents of various sorts. Im proved dressed Cloths. Tilts, Sacks, Ropes, &c., with other articles of similar utility. The Foreign Settler, as well as the resident Agriculturist, may be supplied with the above desirable articles, on moderate terms, by BEN JAMIN EDGINGTON, No. 5, Tooley-street. Address, " Benjamin Edgington." N.B.—A few Second Hand Cloths, which have been used only a few days, to be had at Reduced Prices. We sincerely hope the present Chief Com missioner of Woods and Forests, who has hitherto exe cuted the duties of his office with seal and independence, will not permit the public to be disappointed in the ex pectation of an entrance from Carlton-place to St. James's Park. It is true that the " Treasury Minute" which omits to mention this indispensible convenience was made whilst the Noble Lord's predecessor was in office ; but as his Lordship has more than once deviated from the ori ginal plan, when a great public benefit was to be effected, we trust the aristocratical occupiers of the mansions, built on the site of Carbon-gardens, will not prevent Lord LOWTHER. from giving to the humble pedestrians the pri vilege of an exit from and an entrance to the Park from Carlton-terrace.— , lfidrniug Paper. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS-(LAST NIGHT). The Earl of ROSEBERRY presented a petition from the farmersof Linlithgow, or West I.9thisn, against the new tax Oil spirits in Scotland. The petitioners were most respectahle, and many of them personally known to him self. But he could not concur, that this small additional duty of twopence per gallon would do them any injury with the distiller. Earl HAUDWICKE presented a petition from the Bo rough of Wigan, in Lancashire, against the China Trade Monopoly. A petition to the same effect was presented from the Royal Borough of Lanark: The Earl of ROSSLYN presented a petition from the Cotton-waasers of Glasgow to the same effect. Mr. Robinson, from the Commissioners of Woods and Forests, and Mr. Leigh, from the Deputy Clerk of the, Crown in Ireland, presented papers. Earl STANHOPE presented a petition from the agri culturists of Nottingham, representing-the distressed state of agriculture, and praying relief. His lordship also pre sented a petition from the Agricultural Society of Holder ness, to the same effect. All these petitions were laid on the table. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCEEDINGS OF Tilt COURTS OF LAW AND EQUITY, AND :EOCVDSIASTICAL COURTS. - , lite LORD CHANCELLOR rose to make his promised statement on the improvements in progress, and in contem plation, in the modes of procedure in the Courts of Law and Equity, and Ecclesiastical Courts, as he bad given notice the other night he would do, on occasion of moving the first reading of a Bill connected with those improvements, now on their Lordships' table. His object, on the present oc casion, was to explain the general nature and description of the measures of improvement already brought before Par liament, and in progresseowards being so, and werein con templation, so that their Lordships might be the better able to understand the particular provisions as they came is de tail before them. He felt himself more particularly called on to do so, as the subject was mentioned in his Majesty's Speech at the opening of the Session, and the attention of the two Houses of Parliament called to it. He did not feel it necessary to enter into any details, from the considera tion that each measure must be particularly submitted to their Lordships' attention as they came successsively before Parliament. All he proposed to do at present was to lay before their Lordships the general scope of the proposed improvement.. Even of this he was aware, that the seve ral parts might appear dry and forbidding ; but their Lord ships would, no doubt, recollect that these were matters of the utmost importance to the liberty, property, and even the Hires of the subject, and would therefore he disposed to listen with attention. In the first place, he solicited their Lordships' attention to what had bean done, and what was intended to be done, with respect to the Criminal Law, in the course of the present Scs ion. It was to his Right Honouraele Friend the Secretary of State for the Home Department that the gratitude of the country was most particularly due for what had been done in this re spect. From his situation he had been enabled to pay, and had paid, most particular attention to the state of the criminal law, and had in that department al ready introduced many important improvements, and had abolished many obsolete and useless forms, such as those about benefit of Clergy, and other useless matters of the same descriptioc. Having brushed away these antiquated, and now cumbrous and inconvenient appendages, he was in a condition to look at the state of the law itself as it was scattered through the Statute-book, and he began with the subjeceof larceny, and he went on to consolidate the laws relative to malicious offences against persons and property, and he was now employed in consolidating the whole of the laws relative to forgery, and the punishment of death ; and on the whole, he had caused to be repealed no less than four hundred statutes, and had taken away the pu ' nishment of death from nearly three hundred offences. For this too, as well as for other things, his Right Hon. Friel' 'Wes well entitled to the gratitude of his country. There was manifestly a very great advantage in the course pursued; for instead of such a multitude of particular Acts, the whole of the law on a given subject was reduced to five or six Acts. And as you advanced with a certain set of improvements, you saw the way more clearly towards others, and could more accurately detect defects, and with greater facility and safety apply the remedy. From the consideration of this branch of the subject he passed on to the proceedings with respect to the Civil Law Courts. Their Lordships were aware that two years ago a Com mission was appointed to examine into the state of the Law of this country, as administered in the superior Courts of Law. That Commission had made two Reports, and a Bill had been already prepared, and another was in pro gress, to carry their suggestions into effect. The superior Courts of Law in this country were the Courts of King's Bench, Common Pleas, and the Exchequer. Each of these Courts was originally differently constituted ; the Court of King's Bench was a Court of criminal jurisdic tion—the Court of Common Pleas entirely of a civil cha racter, and the subject of its jurisdiction was the cogniz ance of those suits which concerned the royal revenue. In process of time the Court of King's Bench assumed jurisdiction in certain civil eases, and at length in all civil cases whatever. It had interfered first in the civil suits of those who were in the custody of its own officer; and then by a fictitious allegation, which it would not allow to be con troverted, that all persons were in the custody of its own officer, it assumed jurisdiction in all civil suits whatever. So the Court of Exchequer, which in its origin was a Court whose jurisdiction was confined solely to the Crown re venues, assumed a similar jurisdiction over all civil suits whatever, by means of a fiction, whereby it was alleged, and the allegation not allowed to be controverted, that the plaintiff was debtor and accountant to his Majesty, and that by the defendant's refusing to pay him what he owed him, he rendered him the less able to pay the debt due from him to his Majesty. In this manner the Court of Exche quer contrived to assume jurisdiction in all civil cases. Their Lordships might easily understand that a different mode of practice prevailed in each of these Colas, and that the forms were distorted with fictions. With respect to the practice of the Court of King's Bench, it required two closely printed octavos, with distinct rules in each page, to give a fair view of it; and the case with respect to the Com mon Pleas was the same. With respect to the Court of Exchequer, there was no corresponding publication; but if there had been one, it must have been still snore com plicated and voluminous. It was intended by . the mea sures now in contemplation to shorten and simplify the practice of these Courts, and to assimilate them to each other, and to curtail the expellee as much as possible. The effect would be to render the process not only more easily understood by people in general, but more intelli gible to those persons who might be preparing their way to the bar. It was lamentable to think that it was neces sary for those who were intended for the bar to spend so much of their time in making themselves masters of mere forms and technicalities, instead of the substantial parts of the law, and their improvement in general knowledge, and therefore the more the mode of procedure was simplified the better. That was the first point on this head ; and fur the purpose which he had mentioned a Bill was pre pared, and it would be fur their Lo, dtinps to judge whe ther it bad adopted the wise and proper course to carry the object into effect or not. The report also related to a sub ject of great importance, namely, the science of special pleading. He had heard that it had been said in another place that special pleading ought to be abolished. The Commission, however, did not think so; and, in his opi nion, they thought wisely. Any one might understand that what occasioned the greatest expence in the proceed ings at law was the trial; and, with reference to this, the science of special pleading was most important. What was special pleading ? It was to In ing the issues for the trial, both as law for the Judge and fact for the Jury, to the shortest and most distinct points, so that the suitor might know precisely to what, at the trial, he would have to »apply himself, and make his preparations as to witnesses and other matters accordingly. If there were no special pleading, and the matters in difference were not thus made short and distinct, the suiter could not so well know how to prepare himself for the trial ; and, in making prepara tions to meet every supposable case, he would be put to most enormous and unnecessary expense; and, in addition, there would be such a constant succession of mistakes at Nisi Prius, that the number and expence of new trials would be enormously multiplied. The Commissioners, therefore, did wisely in refusing to abolish a system which prevented such confusion, and complication, and uncer tainty at the trials. Special pleading was no more than this :—The plaintiff stated his case, the defendant pleaded (that is, answered), the plaintiff replied, and so on, and in this manner the matters in issue were brought to precise By C. SMART. A new Edition, critically revised, with explanatory Notes from Lambinus, Cruquises, Torrentius, Sanadon, Dacier, Francis Hurd, &c. &c. To which is added, a short Account of the Horatian Metres. Printed for Whittaker, Treacher, and Co., Ave Maria-lane. SOCIETY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. A. SERIES OF MAPS, Modern and Ancient, is now in the course of publication, un der the superintendence of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. These Maps, which are engraved on Steel, in the best manner, in size 15 inches by 10, are sold at only Gd. each, plain, and 9d. with outlines co loured, in numbers of two Maps each. 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With respect to this subject, also, he hoped that when their Lordships should have the measure distinctly hefore them, and see what it was, they would be of opinion that en this branch of the improvements the Commissioners had done essential service to the country. He ought to mention, also, that the Commissioners had recommended the enacting of some subsidiary provisions in aid of Courts of Law, which in many cases would supersede the neces sity of applying to Courts of Equity at all. To this ex tent, then, matters had gone, and were now in progress to a conclusion. But this was not all; for the Commission and the Government had paid attention to a matter of great practical importance—namely, the actual state of the Supe rior Courts of Law as to the quantity of business before them. It appeared that during the last five years 11,000 causes had been tried at the Court of King's Bench, 3000 at the Court of Common Pleas, and at the Exchequer only 500. During that,..paiod,,lse_Jaelioved, that in the, City of London not a single Specia . Jury..cause had been ' tried by the Court of Exchequer. When he was Attorney- General he had brought a Bill into Parliament, which was passed into a law, which enabled three of the Judges of the Court of King's Bench to sit under the King's warrant for some days out of term, for the tdispatch of term business. That measure he always, however, contemplated as a temporary, and not a permanent one. But it must be permanent, unless some other kind of as sistance wal provided for the Court of King's Bench. Although additional facilities were given for the dispatch of business in the Court of King's Bench by the plan which he had proposed, yet additional business flowed into it in proportion. The Court of King's Bench was the favourite Coui t, and all crowded into it who thought they could get a hearing in reasonable time, so that it was over whelmed with business constantly. But the three Judges sat in a separate apartment from the ordinary Court where the Chief Justice sat; and, what was a matter of considerable importance, they sat in a great measure apart from the public, whose presence had a good effect both on the Bar and the Bench. He knew that a young man when at the bar was proud when he had a special case to argue in the presence of the public in a crowded Court.— This was a great stimulus to young men, and encouraged them to exertion. He did not mean to say that they ne gleCted the business of their clients, but certainly they were deprived of a great stimulus to exertion when they were withdrawn from the view of the public. It was, there fore, desirable that the business in the Law Courts should be conducted in the presence of the public, and in the open view of the whole profession. It • was one great ob ject of the Commissioners that the business of the Courts should be as much equalised as possible among the whole of the Courts, and that no Court should have too much, or rather that each Court should be able to despatch the business that came before it. The Court of Common Pleas had full as much business as it ought to have ; for he was convinced that neither Judges nor Counsel ought to have their time so totally occupied in the duties of their profession, as to have no time to attend to any thing else. He thought that Judges ought to have some time for relaxation, and for attending to objects of science and literature, and general knowledge, so as to be able to keep up, and even to add to what they had before acquired ; and in this view he was satisfied that the Judges of the Common Pleas did as much business in their profession, as any Judges could rea sonably be called on to do. With regard to the Court of Exchequer, it was well known that it sat in a double ca pacity, both as a Court of Common Law and a Court of Equity. Properly speaking, they might be assisted by the Lord High Treasurer and the Chancellor of the Exchequer. But of late years these had not attended, and the conse quence was, that in both the Barons only sat in Court both at law and in equity. From the inconvenience sup posed to result from this, a regulation had been adopted by which one of the Lord Chief Barons sat in Equity, while the three Barons sat at Common Law, and in both they sat without much business. One cause of this, no doubt, was that the Court of Exchequer was in some measure closed to the general practitioners, and that the business must be conducted through the medium of a Law Officer of the Court itself. If the Court should be laid open, and if the Court of Equity should be detached from the Court of Common Law, then there might be a hope that they might take off the surplus business of the Court of King's Bench, and that the existing evil might be remedied. That was one of the suggestions of the Commissioners; and if an additional Judge in Equity should be appointed, for a time at least, there would be good reason to believe that the other Courts of Equity would be relieved from the pressure which they at present labour under. There was another measure of great importance whch had engaged the attention of his Majesty's Ministers, and one which would be attended with but little additional expence, or at least less than was commonly imagined. This was the subject of the Welsh jurisdiction, and the appointment of an additional Judge to each of the Courts. The subject of the Welsh jurisdiction lead often been the subject of at tention to Parliament, and two reports had been made on the subject ; and he believed that the general opinion was, that it should be made the same as that of England. That separate Welsh jurisdiction had been established in the reign of Henry VIII., and the object was to extend to the Welsh the same law, and the same mode of administration, which prevailed in England ; and the only reason for creating the separate jurisdiction was the difficulty of com municat'on between the one country and the other. But that difficulty had now been removed, and the reason no longer existed ; .and it was proposed that two of the addi tional Judges should be appropriated to that jurisdiction, and hold the ASsizes there in the same manner as in Eng land. By doing this they were only following the object of Henry the Eighth, which was to have the laws admi nistered in the same manner in Wales as in England. He would not enter into the details of the Bill for carrying this proposed measure into execution, as the Bill was in the other House, and would soon be before their Lordships. He merely now stated the general scope of the measures in contemplation and in progression, that their Lordships, from understanding the general system beforehand, would be more prepared for the consideration of the particular details, when they should be called upon to decide upon them. There was another subject which had engaged the attention of Government, and that also was one of very considerable importance—he alluded to the subject of Jury Trial in Scotland. Com missioners bad been appointed, at one time, to consider this subject, and a considerable difference of opinion prevailed. Many thought that Jury trial was not at all adapted to the law, and to the proceedings in the Scotch Courts; and it was resolved, and be thought wisely, that, in the first place, the system should not be incorporated with the Court of Session, but tried in a separate Court, by way of experiment. A great portion both of the lawyers and people of Scotland were prejudiced against it, but it was tried in a separate tribunal. The experiment was made; and the result, he had reason to believe, was, that many of those who had felt the strongest prejudice against it, and thought it utterly incompatible with the due administra tion of the Scotch law, bad now changed their opinion, and now thought that it might be incorporated with ad vantage into the general system of the superior Courts of Scotland ; and a measure was in contemplation for effectuating th _t object, and the general improve ment of the mode of procedure in that country. An other subject of great importance had also engaged the at tention of his Majesty's Ministers, although they were not prepared to bring any specific measure on the subject-be • fore Parliament : that was the law of real property, parti cularly with respect to the branch of cenveyancing. Com missioners hail been appointed thoroughly to c o nsider the subject, and among these were some of th e most eminent Members of the Bar connected with th it p articul a r branch of the law. They had p aid the greatest titt, nt ion to the inquiry, and had met with considerable difficulties in the course of it. Tlieyliad that make ou a report its i t i o s y p e r t es ; en b t u a t they expected Their object was not to c h ange t h e nature and I su bstance of conveyances, but to strip th e m o f cu mbrous anti unnecessary forms, whit-h only served t o re nder them m ore unintelli g i ble , and added so much to th e expence. Another measure of great i tu p ortance , w hi c h bail a l so en gaged the attenti on o f his Mtv ajes's t -l) l ld w be at r l wa s the Commission appointed to inquire istu the state of the procedure and adiniuistration of the law in the Eeclesi- 7 twice' Courts. They Led Lea exemplee doe very remote date of the very defective state of the procedure in these Courts, and of the necessity which existed for amendment ; and perhaps it would be desirable that the provincial tri bunals of this description should be abolished. It might he highly expedient that those modes of proceeding should be changed which had been established in different times, and under very different circumstances. He lad made this rapid survey of the general scope of the alters , ions and improvements in the law in general...sus introductory , to a particular object which he had in view with reference to the Court of Chancery. If it was so important that the best modes of procedure and of administering the law should be adopted with respect to other Courts, what must be the importance with reference to the Court of Chancery ? Their Lordships might judge when he informed them that there were forty millions sterling of the money of the subject in that Court. A Commission - had been ap pointed some years ago to consider the state of the proce dure and the administration of the law in that Gmrt, and he had heard that it'had been said in another place that the Commission had been productive of no advantage, and had only occasioned needless eipence. The one assertion was just as correct as the other. That Commission had been attended with no expence, except for the salary of the Se cretary• siuners f t o l r e th r e en ab t le o f me t n he t it mo o m b s a v t h t i e c ia n de t d he th e a r C o t t , ,is M - mission had done so gratuitously. As for the advantage derived from the Commission, they had effected, per haps, with one exception, as much as they could. Their object was to shorten the system of procedure pre vious to the trial, and they had made many valuable sug gestions for that purpose; and many orders had been already made in order to carry their recommendations into effect. Much had been said as to the delays of the Court of Chancery, but he - could fairly and justly say that now there was, up to the hearing, as little delay as in:the Courts of Conninon Law. In that respect all had been done that ought to be done, and all that could conveniently be done. The next and the great point was the hearing, and the subsequent proceedings. Of this complaints had akVays prevailed from the time of Lord Bacon to this day, and.it had,happened that the arrears had steattnulated to.. a great extent, and that thirty years had elapsed before a final de cree could be pronounced. But there was one consolation at this day, and that was, that for the last five years there was na increase in the arrears. And it might happen, that if they could once get rid of the arrears, the present eatablishment of the Court of Chancery might he suffi cient to keep down the arrear in future. Casualties, haw ever, might occur, as in the case of that most able Judge, the present Master of the Rolls, and of Sir Thomas Phonier. Besides the casualties of indispo s iti on , m any m i g ht o c cur from deaths and vacancies. But still, if the arrear were once got rid of, it might be kept down by the present strength of the Court of Chancery, and he was willing to qualify the proposition which he had made last year fur an additional Equity Judge to the extent of that possibility. But if they were to appoint an additional Judge to each of the Courts of Common Law, it would be but unwise policy, as it appeared to him, to deny an additional Judge to the Court of Chancery, the arrear in which it was so very itnpartant to get rid of. But he would suggest this qualification, that when the arrear should be got rid of, in case of a va cancy in that office occurring by resignation or death, his Majesty, with the advice of his Privy Council, should be enabled to decline filling up the vacancy, and so discon tinue the appointment. This might easily be done, for that Judge would act with the machinery of the Court of Chancery already in operation, and no new officers would be appointed—for whom, in case of discontinuing the Judge, compensation must be provided. This would create no new establishment, and the only additional ex pence would be the salary of the Judge himself. He had stated that increase of arrear bad lately taken place, and that might be ascribed in some measure to the suggeH ion which he had thrown out last year that the Master of the Rolls should sit in the morning. The Master of the Rolls had immediately acted upon that suggestion with‘the utmost sa , al and assiduity. He had his distinct bar, and his exertions had been attended with the most advatageous results. But still the new causes entered had kept the arrear in the same state in 1830 as it was in the year be fore. The only real objection he had heard against su additional Chancery Judge was, that he would he of no advantage, for that there would be so many appeals the more. He did not understand exactly what this meant. The causes that were left unheard much more than balanced the appeals, and besides it was very far from being the case that every cause that was heard was appealed against. At present a great part of the time of the Court of Chan cery was occupied in hearing motions, instead of hear ing the causes ; and for that very reason there was the greater delay in the causes which stood for hearing- Lord Hardwieke could say, " I will hear none of your motions—l will hear the cause." But now, when the causes for hearing were so much in arrear, it was impos • aible to avoid hearing motions in pressing cases, and pro bably a great deal of valuable time was often in this way thrown away. When a cause was ordered for hearing, some one started up with a pressing motion for an injunc tion, or some other object that could not bear delay, and then the hearing was necessarily postponed. But if :the arrear were got rid of, the speedy hearing of causes and appeals would necessarily and most materially diminish the number of motions, and thus an additional facility would be created for keeping down the arrears. But as the mat ter at present stood, the Lord Chancellor had very little opportunity of hearing causes or appeals. His time was taken up in bearing motions, and he was not able to tie avpopteeamlso:reyteht fift thirty w days tm d last b e r y e e q a u r ire t d o t t o h e dis h p e o a se ri o n t g th o e ; increased number of appeals. But then it was said, that the appeals to this House would be augmented. He as sured their Lordships that he had very little apprehension of that. The appeals from the Court of Chancery were very few, and at present there were not more than six in the paper. Theme were, in all, not more than from eighty to ninety in the paper, and no more than thirty had been entered this Session. Arrangements had been made for the sitting of the House on appeal, during five days in the week; and there could be little doubt but that the whole of the arrear would be got rid of in the course of the present Session, and then it would he easy to keep them down. They were new hearing appeals that had only been entered a year, and that was almost as much dispatch as prevailed in any of ' the Courts below. There was another subject to which he wished to allude for a moment, and that was the present constitution of the Privy Council for hearing Appeals. He hal heard it said that its constitution for that purpose ought to be altered. He, however, did not think that new cessary. The Privy Council was always attended by some eminent Judge, who was accustomed to sit as Judge in the Courts below—commonly the Master of the Rolls. In the half of last year, the Master of the Rolls had disposed of twenty Appeals in the Privy Council, and the Noble Lord (Wynford) who sat near him bad disposed of as many as thirty ; so that there was no arrear at all of Appeals in the Privy Council. He had already stated that all had been done up to the hearing of the causes in the Court of Chancery that could be done, and he had shown that for the speedy hearing of the causes it was necessary to have the assistance of a legislative measure. He had now to call their Lordships' attention to the state of the Master's office-- another important subject. Several recommendations had been made for the more easy and speedy, and less expen sive conduct of the business in these offices, and they were all adopted ; and every assistance was done that could be done without the assistance of the Legislature. He had heard that it had been stated in another platce that the Masters were half idle, and almost useless Nothing could be mere unfounded than this charge, for they were for the most part most laboriously employed ; and if their Lordships knew how complicated and minute, and tedious in its de tails, a Master's Report necessarily was—they might have some idea of the labours of the masters, when he told them that in each year, en an average of live years, they had prepared and presented four thousand reports. One great improvement recommended by the Commissioners had not yet been carried into effect ; he alluded to the alteration of the mode in which. the masters were paid. At pre sent the masters and their clerks were paid by what was called copy-money, which, it was supposed, led to the needless lengthening of proceedings. He believed this charge to be without foundation ; but, nevertheless, tbl Commissioners had justly suggested that a different mode of payment should be established. He had prepared a Bill for that purpose, which had met with the general ap probation of the masters, and he hoped would meet with that of the House. He proposed that the fees should be received as hitherto; but that they should be carried to a masters were to be paid. It sesoeutanFaenuddn remunerationfu ndto , dbe three hlraesetrh' t( p io, o u oh n ui s oft awhich that year. a P 1 Many Pter of the masters made more ; but he thought it would be proper to provide that every newly-made master should be paid that Milo, partly as a salary, and p irtly as a fee on eaeli report, when the business was completed. He was of opinion that seine stimulus of this kind ought to be given to the masters, judges who performed their duty in public did not require it; but it might be necessary to give it to Judges whose functions were executed in private. He apprehended that the greater number of themasiers would accept of those terms. Some, perhaps, would not; and with these he ',coin mended that all average of the amount of fees fur the last seven years should be taken, and the salary fixed according to that average. At least this arrangement would remove any existing impediments to improvement, and it might have the effect of leaguing the lentil of the reports which Bons. untry. Seam , . Os Pd Kis Od Od FAQ. Rev. Esq., Ighter