The Sun. — London, England, 1863-09-14 00:00:00

LiE CIVIL wAr, IN AHERIOA, (Tiom the Spocial Cori espendent of the Timns) New YORK, `);•21 . 1f . 1. 1.181 week the praises of Admiral Dahlgren and Gen. Giltnore were in all men's mouths. The almost total destruction of Fort Sumter was held to be equi valent to the capture of Charleston. The raising of the " stern and stripes" over the ruins of theFort— n::ese eiglit and twenty months ago that haughty b inner had received its first humiliation—and the triumphal entry of the Federal commanders into the doomed city, were held to be facts as clearly de ducible from foregone circumstances as that night would follow day. The Union Leaguers, the war Christians, and the Exterminators were loud in the expressions of their joy ; and to the quick imagina tions of the Northern people it seemed as if the war was entering upon its last half hour-1 hat the grand fbiale was about to be performed amid a crash and thunder of great guns such as the world had never heard, and a magnificent display of red and blue light—the Greek fire being predominant in bril liancy of effect and destructiveness of execution. - Mr. Lincoln was ready with a proclamation of am nesty—that, come what will, is never to be issued until vengeance is done upon Charleston ; and the contractors and speculators who have waxed fat upon a war expenditure, were to be kept in good 'rumour by she prospect of a reconciled North and South, uniting their legions to chastise Great Bri tain and France for their Insolence and want of sympalliy. The journals of all shades of politics were busily engaged in proposing or opposing the conditions of reconstruction, and settling among themselves whether slavery was or was not to be tolerated in any portion of the regenerated Union. Thit this week all is changed. Disappointment has eneceeded to extravagant hope and anticipation. Sumter is a heap oft ruins, it is true—but upon that heap of ruins the Federals have not yet been able to hoist their flag. The Confederates hold the place tightly in their grasp. Admiral Dahlgretes or Gen. Gilmore's guns may shoot down the Confederate banner 10 times in a day ; but 10 times in a day it is raised again in its place, amid the delighted huzzas of the people of Charleston, who watch the spectacle from the windows. Fort Wagner is neither taken nor destroyed. The mon ster guns that bombarded the city from a distance of five miles have all burst under the stress of the work they had to perform. The Greek fire has ceased to rain upon the streets, either because the Federal officers were shamed out of the use of it by the re monstrances of Gen. Beauregard and the foreign Consuls ; or because—which is more likely—the supply of the " villanous compound" is exhausted. And Charleston itself is as strongly guarded, and as difficult of capture, as it was before a gun had been fired at Sumter. Even if Sumter were taken, and Northern pride, not to say vindictiveness, gratified by the display of the old flag on its ruins, nothing would be aocomplished towards the possession of Charleston, the great object on which the Northern people have set their hearts. Sumter seems to be hut one of a score of obstructions equally fortnid. alle—and each to be as obstinately contested, before Charleston itself can be considered in real danger. Last week four hours were to make an end of the rebellious city and to crush the spirit of the South. This week the public is told that perhaps three or four months may elapse before these great ends are achieved, and we are in the meantime advised to moderate their impatience, or give it vent, as they usually do when they are dis appointed in abuse of old Mr. Welles, the Secretary of the Navy, and: of obstinate Mr. Stanton, the in tensely unpopular Secretary at War, for having combined to deprive Dahlgren of guns and Gilmore of men sufficient for the task they had undertaken. Under the circumstances Mr. Lincoln has locked up his original proclamation of amnesty in his writing desk, and prepared a different document, in which Mr. Seward has not been allowed to insert even a word, which is to be read the day after to-morrow to the Republican conventions that meet at Syra cuse in the State of New York, and Springfield in Illinois. Both of the great parties are to hold their conven tions within the next few days, the real though not the ostensible objects being to " roll logs" for the Presidential campaign that will speedily convulse the Northern States. The Republicans, desirous of a new designation, have fixed upon that of Unionists ;" but as the Democrats claim to have greater right to that title, inasmuch as they would eecept " union" even with guarantees to slavery, the Republicans object to union with slaveholders on any terras, snl,►gest that instead of Unionists the party in power adopting Mr. Theodore Tilton's and Mr. Wendoll Pliilipp's ideas on the subject of a mixture of the Anglo-Saxon and Negro races should call themselves " Amalgaruationists.'"ihe Demo crats on their part have no wish to change either their name or their principles, and will, during the remainder of Mr. Lincoln's term of office, organize themselves into a strong and compact phalanx, and make one last and desperate effort to save their coun- try from the military despotism into which it is rapidly drifting under Mr. Lincoln's guidance. Cer- tain it is,if they fail this time by their own dissensions or by any species of mismanagement,and allow either the re-election of Mr. Lincoln or the election of Mr. Chase, there will be an end, not only of the Da- mocrats as a party, but of the Democratic form of Government which the people have inherited from the immortal signers of the Declaration of Indepen dence. The Ilzpublican 'party is not only in the minority in New Ye:I:, New Jersey, and Perinsyl- rani:, bat generally throughout the middle and north-western States. It will continue to lose sup- port in proportion as the war languishes or the south achieves victories, The Democrats, on the contrary, gain in strength by the protraction of mar—•whether that protraction be duo to the incom petency or ill-fortune of tha Federal generals and a . !tninistration—or to the valoxr, the perseverance, and unflinching determination of the Sonth. Every act of the Government tends to swell the Demo cratic army. The policy of emancipation, the inva sion of State rights, the harsh conscription, the ar bitrary arrests, the military insolence, the rise in price of all the necessaries of life, and the conse quently increased cost of maintenance to the work ing and struggling classes, and, last of all, the new burden of Federal taxation, which begins to be felt in thousands of middle-class families that never bz,fore eript , rienecd the unwelcome sensation, all com bine to throw into the ranks of the Dcmocratie party thl; countless avaverers who, under other cif.- might have held aloof from party poli tics, as well as vast n um b ers of reflective men, hitherto connected with the Republicans, but who have awakened to the sad conviction that Repub licanism is but another name for centralisation and a strong Government, and that centralisation and et' (mg Government are but other 'names for despot ism. At the present time the only republican can didates for the Presidency who have the ghost of a chance are Mr. Lincoln and Mr. Chase; and on the itnnocratic side General M'Clellan and Governor Seymour. All four may possibly disappear from the arena in the progress of events, and perhaps allow Luck crtndidates of the extremists as Gen. Fremont on the one hand and Gen. Butler on tho other, but according to present indications Mr, Chaso is the Republican and Gen. M'Clellan the Democratic lavourite. Mr. Chase must beware, however. Great as his chances are, they will diminish as the pre mium on gold increases—a fict of which he is said to bo painfully cognisant, and of which on all Orea. iotis, and in ovel y emergency, he does his utmost to prevent the realisation. Mr. S3ward, accompanied by most of the foreign Ministers, has been making a tour of the lakes of Western New York, and after visiting the Falls of Niagara has crossed over into Canada—a country where no ringing of a bell on his right hand or his left ca❑ consign n real or supposed opponent either to Fort Lafayette or the cell of a police-office, as he boasted to Lord Lyons that it could in Washington. He has visited among other places the " ambitious little city" of Hamilton; and if he has associated with any Englishman, Scotchman, or other colonist, has perhaps discovered that the conquest of Canada, if attempted by his Government, will be almost, if not quite, as tough a job as the subjugation of the South. On this subject it is curious to note the igno. rance or malice of the American press. The Dema °retie, equally with the It*ublican journals, affect to believe that the C.tnadas are a hotbed of diself,c Lion, that Great Britain retains them by the strong arm of military power, end would resist to the last any , attempt on the part of the Canadian, t o achicve their independence, or to vote themselves told that into the American Union. Understanding no thi ng of the facts, they incredulityexpiess when the Governmentaccord a nd in - people lseupte of England are in per , feet jncdeet of nce s C h a e n andaas; only yt to o f Canada wishes her upon the say so by the votes of her people, and Great Bri tain will let her go without firing a shot or forming any other wish or thought than a simple „ God bless you; go on and prosper !" But that if the Canadians, on the contrary, desire to retain their connection with the mother country, and will only give their desire the practicable shape of self-defence against Federal or other aggression, the Govern ment and people of Great Britain will aid them with their last soldier and their last shilling. The Ame ricans, engaged in coercing the South, cannot ima gine that the English would not coerce Canada, and are continually talking of the damage they will do to Great Britain in that quarter at the first breath of war, and urging upon the Canadians to accept their inevitable destiny of annexation. Even the World—so welt-informed and sensible on the politics of its own country—shares the errors of all Americans on this subj eet, and recommends the Canadians to apply for immediate admission into the Federation for the following singular reasons : First, " It would insure them exemption for ever from all the horrors of war." As the United States are not themselves free at this moment from the hor rors of one of the most horrible wars that ever de solated a country, and may have before many rnon ths to suporadd foreign to domestic strife, the Canadians may well be excused for turning a deaf car to a pro position that has so little to recommend it on the score presented. Second, "It would save them the enormous expenses the mother country is trying to im pose upon them in the way of f ortifications." Such canny Canadians us do not laugh at this will ask themselves whether in saving ss. on this item they might not have as a consequence to incur the expenditure of twenty in another, and less pleasant and secure direction, and debate the matter accordingly. Third, " It would give them the boon of absolute to i offer tf i e s r j a just t o f possible Chefree trade with the Stat es. " As it is as much the la interest of the r Amer i cans free trad e, diens to accept f sensible Canadians will think it better to wait for the natural growth and development of commercial intercourse than to bargain away their indepen dence for a benefit which needs no such sacrifice to ld give them the b ene fit o f Y an k ee s e e r n o r u e r i t t h h , I e a t f lv t e o r. u energy and capital, to develope their resources." As it will employ more energy and capital than the Yankee possesses to develope within the next 12 years the resources of such states as Wisconsin, lowa, .11lichigzn, Minnesota, Kansas, Nebraska, and the Far West, more than two-thirds of the superficics of which are in the original condition of wilderness, the Canadians may think it possible that the Yan kees would do well to look at home before they look abroad, and may calculate, moreover, that the " re sources" so highly vaunted have been so seriously diminished by the waste of upwards of two years incurred in one of the most extravagant wars ever known, as to leave but little surplus for the existing generation, even if the war were brought to a close to-morrow. As, however, the war may last for two, four, ten, or even 20 years, the Canadians may incline to think that their particularly kind friends to the south of the likes may need all their energy and all their cash for themselves. What Canada re quires is men. And as the men of the old world have hitherto emigrated into the States, because there was no enforced military service, no public debt, no taxation except for local purposes, and that ex ceedingly light; and, better than all, because the public liberty was thought to be so well secured as to be beyond the reach of time and revolution to destroy ; they may, perhaps, think it better to look for these advantages in British territories, as it is no longer possible to find them under the protection of the stars and stripes. The emigration within the next three years of half a million of stalwart English men, Scotchmen, Irishmen, and Germans, would do far more to develope the resources of Canada than ail the energy and capital that the Yaukees are likely to have to spare until a dozen years after they shall have been at peace with one another. Fifth, and last, "It would give them a share in the destiny of this great nation." If this be not in tended as a grim joke it is the reason least of all likely to recommend itself to the Canadians. A destiny that includes enormous debt, cruel conscrip tion, and a series of civil wars and social convulsions, only to be ended by the establishment of a military despotism, is not a destiny to be envied, or which any one out of Bedlam would desire to share. The destinies of the Canadians are to be shaped by themselves. If they really desire annexation, they can have it. But if they value liberty, under the protecting eyes of Great Britain, sufficiently to fight for it, Great Britain will stand by them with all her wealth, all her power, and all her tenacity of purpose. This is the strength of the ease as regards Great Britain, but it is one which the Americans cannot understand, much less appreciate. The Government is using the most vigorous efforts in every direction to prevent the election of Mr. Vallandigham. By a recently enacted law of the State of Ohio, soldiers absent in the field are to be allowed to vote in their camps; and it is calculated that the whole number, under the guidance of their officers, and the dictation of the War Depart ment, will cast their votes for Mr. John B rough, a railway contracter, who opposes Mr. Vallandigham o n the Republican anti-peace and anti-liberty tieg.et. As, however, Ohio has not furnished more than 40,000 troops to the Federal armies, Mr. Val diham's friends are of opinion that th e i r cause is sufficiently strong to bear the weight of even that large number in the opposing scale, and to re turn Mr. Vallandigham by a clear majority of up. wards of 50,000 votes. As the unpopularity of the conscription was as great, or even greater, in Ohi o than in New York, and was serving the purpose of increasing the number of Mr. Vallandigham's sup porters, the Government has just caused it to be announced that " there will be no draught in Ohio." This piece of strategy, however, has already been diverted to Mr Vallandigham': use from that of the Administration, and become a weep= in the hands of his friends, to denounce the Government for its want of courage on the one hand, to enforce a law merely because it was unpopular, and for its un fairness on the other, in subjecting New York and other States to a ha r d s hi p f rom w hi c h, ex proprio motzt, it chose to relie ve Ohi o . M r . V a ll a ndigham's arrival at the little town of Windsor on Canadian soil was no sooner known at Detroit, on the oppo site side of the river that separates the Federal from the British territory, than a committee of his fel- low-countrymen waited upon him to express their sympathy in his unmerited exile, and their determi nation to spare no exertions to carry him back in ;riumph as the Governor elect of the native State. Mr. Vallandighatn, in his reply, dwelt upon the strangeness of the spectacle he offered to his countrymen—an American citizen exiled for no crime known to the laws, and compelled to seek the proL-ction of the British flag in order to be able to utter th e f ree sen ti men t s w hi c h it was th e inalienable right of every American to entertain and to Promulgate. lie declared that the ballot was the true and proper remedy in the United States for all political wrongs, but that when the ballot was denied by military power, or any other hostile agency, the right of revolution would begin — a right which under such circumstances would be a sacred duty. Mr. V a ll an di gham ' s election will test the courage, if it do not test the strength, of the Government in the Nest ; and if the attempt be not made to defeat him—per fas aut nefas--by the incitement of riot, as a pretext for the declaration of martial law, and by every other means which the party in power can adopt against an opponent so hated, and one whose success would be such a condemation of their acts and policy—it will be for want of courage, not for want of will. The friends of Dr. Childs, the author of the pla card addressed to the "Sons of Liberty," have suc ceeded in rescuing his case from the hands of the military and transferring it to the civil power; The TILE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY sV ENING, SEPFEMBEE 14, 1863, police handed him to the Provo: , ..t-Marshal to avoid the penaliies of disobeying a legally issued writ of habeas corpus; the Provoq-Marshal sent him to Fort Ifafayette for the same purpose; and General Caihy, foreseeing difficulty in the matter, got rid of his inconvenient prisoner by sending him to the " Tombs," the Old Bailey of New York. The head jliler or superintendent of that establishment having been served with the writ of habeas corpus, produced the body of the over-ardent friend of every man's right to reface to be a voldier ; and ho was ultimately ordered to find bail in the sum of 1,000 dols. to answer the charge of treasonable resistance to the Conscription Act. It now remains to be seen what decision a jury will pronounce upon the case. miscreants who aro ever found ready on such ocet?.sions to profit by the misfortunes of their fellow creatures. if the cflbrte of the authorities, seconded by those of the police and the troops, were of little avail in arresting. the pro tress of the conflagration, it is but just to say th,:t from the com mencement it attained such an ascendancy as all human efforts seemed impotent to resiet." Acclimatisation Society of Great Britain. A special meeting of the Council was held at the office, 3, Duke-street, Adelphi, on Wednesday last, at 3 o'clock, Present—Messrs. W. Hawkins, J. Stone, P. Francis, J, Bush, J. Crockford, P. Buckland, and James Lowe. Air, Hawkins presided. The minutes of the previous meting having. been read and confirmed, Mr. Francis read the following memoran dum : Memorandum of Propositions, &c., with respect to the Pis, c:cultural Establishment. Having already made a definite proposition to the society in writing in respect to the above, and been asked to set down the probable cost and its results, I proceed to do so. The cost of the shed, cistern, apparatus, &c., will be, I estimate, about £lOO. There will be also about LlO required for nets, &c , for the purpose of taken fish. The rate for water will be £lO a year. An attendant will ho required. In the first instance, I would propose to engage the man only for four months, if I can obtain him upon such terms, leaviag it optional with the society whether at the end of that time they think their prospects fair enough to continue him on. I would propose that his wages be 255. a week. The chief difficulty which I have is in estimating what the certain travelling exp enses o f th e man w ill amount to when ho is out collecting ova. B es id es hi s own expenses there are keepers and t a i assistants If graylinghadd ova rel toy a n amount t o of feeand fe ed. trout, obtain, I could, from the experience of others, give some approximation to the sum required, because I know exactly how far off the men would have to go, and there is compa ratively little difficulty in obtaining the ova—the fish being more plentiful, and the streams they are found in amalier and easier to net ; but with the salmon ova the task is much more difficult. We might be able to get some in Wales, hut, should heavy floods occur there, we might have to send to Scotland, or even Ireland. With good fortune and a good season we might get what we require perhaps for £7O or £BO ; with a bad one, it might cost double the sum. Having no data to go upon, I do not see how I can give a nearer result. I can only say that whatever funds are en trusted to my care will be dispensed with a duo regard to economy, and that if the society have any doubt of this, it would be better that they should decline my offer. I offer them my terms, I offer them a site, and I offer them a con siderable and valuable connection ; and if upon this they consent to accept my offer, they must be content to trust me to a certain extent. They should remember that my reputation is even more concerned in the success of the scheme than theirs. lam induced to make these remarks because one of the members at the last council asked what control the society was to have in this matter. In the first place I would point out that the society hold the purse, and therefore have the strongest possible control in that way ; and they have, I suppose, the power of severing our con nection at any time if it seems desirable to them to do so. I would advise, however, that in order that they may be kept au fait to what is going on, Mr. Buckland be made a visiting inspector of the branch, and be requested to re port monthly to the cannel what progress is made in it. I should, however, wish it to be most clearly understood that I would object to any interference with any internal ar rangement which I might make for the carrying out of the operations. As a set-off to the above expenses I may state that I have some 46 promises of subscriptions, 43 of which are reliable names which may be safely counted upon ; the other three I cannot speak so confidently upon, although they have promised me their support, and I have little doubt when I can see them I chat! obtain it. Amongst these subscriptions are three life members at £lO 10s, and ono donation of £5 ss, in addition to subscriptions. Thus the first year's receipts, as far as we have them down as yet, will stand : Three life member; and one donation £36 15 0 Forty annual subscriptions £7B 15 0 Addcd to this, Lord Walsingham has promised to increase his subscription. This is the result of ono month's canvassing amongst my own friends and acquaintance. The public has as yet hardly been touched, and this during the month from mid-August to mid-September, when almost everybody interested in this subject is away shooting, strikes rue as a very satisfactory result. I make no doubt but when the subject begins to be stirred and talked of, the list will be at least doubled. The above money will almost meet the first outlay for plant, &e. The annual subscriptions, however, will, it must be remembered, remain after the first year to help to meet the current expenses. The pri ces a t w hi c h the ova will be sold to the subscribers will be set upon a s lidi n g sc ale, so as to cover all expenses, whatever th ey ma y b e , that the society may incur. For example, let us su pp os e that we obtain 100,000 ova (which is a v er y sma ll quant ity be it observed), we calculate the entire expenses of the establishment and sell ova so as to leave 25 or 30 per cent. profit. The value of such ova in the market would be about £3 or £6 a thou sand; fry was worth £lO a:thousand. Now at £2 per thou sand the ova would r e alise £'2oo; at X.; 10s, £250; at £3, £3OO, and so on ; a nd a nything under £3 would be very rea sonable. With respect to the profit, and any share I might have in it, a question was asked at the last council as to the profits, and I then afforded an explains ion which I hero re peat. The question arose thus. When first the plan was talked of, Mr. L owe , in talking over the terms, See., pro posed that I should get up the establishment and carry it out for the society, and that whatever profit arose front the sale of the ova should be (livid , d between the society a n d myself. I presume that he imagined the arrangement a reasonable one, in consideration of my giving the site, time, and connection, di s c usse d, the following Sea. But it appeared to me that the matter would be rather experimental for the first year; I therefore preferred waiving the point for that first year, and leaving premises at it for subsequent consideration. rci p eu o sT i i onr The de resolution imt h oo a na t bt I think I have hero explained, as far as I am able, every (such apparatus to wteeharashe explained.av i been ng questioned e c been unanimously fully re agreed to : ii That Mr. Francis's memorandum be received, and that he bo authorised to erect a building and apparatus for Twickenham, fecundating n hatching expense nos.htcxoeve ova o d I.lng. £loo,hiB £lO for the' first year for the Upon the apparatus, and £lO for the nets on terms mentioned in his memorandum remain the property of tihtuodsotehiaetty3)..;ir.anld,rathncaitsh; ebebefuaurt,thheor rised to engage a man to assist in such Operations for a expenses as to him, Mr. Ilawkins, them as to the amount of period of 16 weeks, at a salary of 2os. per week; and that he be authorised to spend behalf fy of;of N t v h a e te s r o t c o ie t t h y e ; authorised to incur such oaufddiMarr.enßoueshofnolpaiynsioenelufiotriagnd proper; and that, in case such expenses, the matter bo referred to the council for decision," Mr. Francis announced that the increase of funds which he had al rea dy o bt a ined for the society on a ccoun t o f th e projected piscicultural branch amounted al rea d y to b etween £7O and £BO. Thi s was only tee result of a public meeting held at a period of the year whoa most of the gentlemen interested in sporting were out of. town. Il e h a d no d ou bt the society were Iny ithatmuch co hr vigorously g f u rs the e4a.teprr p .6 i s s e e c i c u u t l e t d u , r e t l h open se am r a o t u m nt ofo of the would be A letter was read from LordWalsi ng h atn, h h secul o would "b e g l a d to increase his subscription to the society, if, as h as b een propose d, they stating that d turn their attention to pisciculture;'' and the secret aries were directed to reply to his lord s hip, thanking him for his o ff er, and i nt i ma ti ng that, inasmu c h as the experiment was s omewhat perilous to l the further pecuniary aid which his small icr funds thankfully received, gratefully acknowledg — ed, mi fld i s p of the society, m ight be di sposed to render would be ety, any and prudently expended. Cvllision on the Glasgow and South-western Railway, On the night of Thursday a collision occurred between two heavily-laden luggage trains at Mauchline station, whereby one man was killed and several others had a nar row escape. The railway between Kilmarnock and Anthill leek station is at intervals on a s li g h t i ncl i ne, an d b etween these two stations two engi nes are generally employe d f or trains which on other parts of th e li ne requ i re b ut one. O n the night mentioned a train, consisting of above 30 trucks, passed along, and on corning to Auehinleck stopped to take on more trucks. There were two guards with this train, one of whom was on ono of the engines and the other in the van at the end of the train. The termer uncoupled some of the waggons to admit the; e to be taken on, and it was the duty of the latter to put on the break at his end of the train. There is reason to believe, however, that he was as l e ep, and on the couplings being loosened the latter part of the train commenced to run dawn the incline. It ran, gathering velocity as it went, for about four miles, and was nearing Mauchline station, when it was met by another tiaiu drawn by two engines. A collision occurred, and the van of the runaway was smashed to atoms, the guard, whose name was Woods, being crushed to death. The first engine of Cm second train was thrown on its side, the nearest waggons of the other train being thrown over it. The drivers and firemen of the engines escaped by springing off at the moment the collision took place. Ono of the latter, however, in jumping off, was struck by a fly ing splinter and thrown hick on the tender. He was not injured. The guard, it is said, resided in Carlisle, and had been at Paisley at his father's funeral, and it is probable might have had little rest for some time, and been unable ' to resist the temptation to sleep. Besides the van, the engine is injured, and eight or nine of the trucks and their contents are very much damaged. The traffic was stopped till morning, when the rubbish was removed. The railway at the place is being relaid, and the traffic is done on the single line system. It is providential that the second train had reduced its speed to about four miles an hour. If it had been moving at ordinary speed it is HWY the results would kftyo been more terriblvo SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS, __--.9..---. SAT - MID/1 - REVIEW.--The origi a of after dinner speak ing is beet in the mists of antiquity. Perhaps it may be traced to the habits of cur Teutonic forefathers, recorded by Tacitus, who are said to have debated every sulject both under beery and under sober influences, After a merry bouquet, they probably took a cheerful view of things. The morrow's indigestion and headache, of course, suggested an opposite estimate, and between the two the right decision Was bit. Our post-prandial deli berations follow the old type very naturally. At every banquet the prevailing thought is, what jolly good fellows the guests all are. Down to the stnalle,t parish dinner, the diners celebrate their own virtues and the surpassing corporate excellences which they represent. The rector is the ablest, the churchwardens are the most conscientious, the bell-ringers the most skilful of their species. The uni versal contentment which a good dinner and good digestion spread over the company accounts for the rosy light in which they view themselves arid all human things. At the annual Sheffield Cutlers' Feast, every provision is made for carry ing out to the utmost the genial character of an English banquet. Politics arc rigidly excluded; but it seems to be generally understood that this rule is to be taken as a stimu lant to the ingenuity of those political celebrities who attend the dinner for the express purpose of sailing close•hauled to the wind, and venturing as nearly as possible on the one prohibited topic. This adds a little spice of excitement to what would otherwise be a very dull business ; and on the last occasion of this periodical ceremony Sir Charles Wood and:Mr. Roebuck entered thoroughly, under Mr. Dunn's experienced guidance, into what is understood to be the spirit of the affair. They did not talk party politics, but they talked and were expected to talk about politics. The picture which the artists drew was in the best after-dinner fashion. Tho whole thing took the form of a panegyric. Pericles in Hallamshi re poured forth a glowing eulogy on the happiness and exceptional glories of Athena the Blessed, Rule Britannia was sung in duo ferm, and with all the variations which a skilled and experienced rhetoric could introduce into the leading theme. The nations, none so blessed as we, only exhibit various forms either of unsuc cessful imitation or of failure, tho very contrast of which redounds to our supremacy. France is very happy and flourishing, but she lacks the one thing needful—which, by the bye, oho does not seem to think needful at all. As to Austria, she is going through a birth-pang which may, after all, end in a miscarriage, while we are surrounded by a thriving family of adult institutions, and all of them suc cesses. Russia—but why mention a country in which trial by jury, civil and religious liberty, and Lord Somers are, at the best, matters of distant hope? If we cross the At lantic, what do we see but the most dreadful of fraternal discords, a worse than civil war, of which the atrocities are daily on the increase ? But when we look at home, there a re the Elysian Fields ; there are the Fortunate Islands ; we aro the blameless Ethiopians with whom Zeus and the Gods feast all day long, and specially feast with the Master Cutler at Sheffield in Hallamshire. And as it is with our external, so is it with our internal rela tions. We are living in halcyon days. An unbroken peace and unruffiel calm broods over the Pacific sea of England. Our life is in the political Doldrums. It matters not who is in or who is out ; political leaders all do the very best for the country, from the purest of motives, and, at least for the last 30 years, with the same uniformity of intention and success. To be sure, it was a pure Whig, one of the select few that have had all but an unbroken monopoly of power for those very 30 years, who now comes forward to chronicle his OWLI and his party's Government in these roseate periods of congratulation. Perhaps Lord Derby could show us the other side of the tapestry, and exhibit the broken threads, and disjointed stitches, and confused pat terns of the Whig loom. But assuming Sir Chas. Wood's picture to be the true one, what does it amount to ? Fur all practical purposes —and the soft talk had a practical pur pose—it went to show that, as it does not much matter who holds the reins of Government, and as we have attained that perfect peace and harmony in which any change would most likely be for the worse, it is, all things considered, best to leave well alone, and to let the Whigs remain in Down ing-street. For his part, he would promise that the past should be a guarantee for the future ; and as Parliament had, with immense applause, done nothing last year, so they would be quite ready to do nothing to the end of time. This was certainly a congenial theme for the Indian Minis ter ; and nobody was found to contest the value of Sir Charles Wood's experimental knowledge of the art of let ting well alone. Tho evils of innovation could not be treated by a more skilful master in the science of political quietism. If there is a Molinism in politics, Sir Charles Wood has a claim to be its most skilled expositor. EXAMINER.—When Filch, in the " Beggar's Opera, ex presses his fear of being cut off in the flower of his youth, and his consequent thoughts of taking up and going to sea, Mrs. Peachura advises, " You should go to Hockley-in-the Hole, and to Marybone, child, to leern valour; those are the schools that have bred so many brave men." And in these words the respectable Mrs. Peachum exhausted all the arguments for prize fighting. Tho ring is said to be the school la which brave men are bred, manly habits taught by example, and when we see all the virtues attributed to it, we have only to wonder how the national character survived the period of its disgrace and abeyance. For about 20 years prize fighting was given up, not, we arc sorry to confess, in consequence of any improvement in feeling, but in conse quence of the rogueries, to which the name of crosses was given, which destroyed all confidence in the reality of the conflicts, it having been settled beforehand which man was to win. All this is now forgotten, and the ring starts again with a new score, and its old favour. The quarter in which that favour lies is specially remarkable. Amongst the edu cated and refined may bo found, here and there, apologists, admirers, and approvers of prize fighting, but to a man the low classes delight in it, and the lower you go the more prevalent and ardent is the taste. The thing may, indeed, be represented in a diagram. The basis of a pyramid is the taste of the dregs of the community, blackguards, ruffians, and thieves, all for the ring; and with every grade of ascent from this foundation, the thing narrowing and tapering, mounts up to the point where it ceases. Out of a thousand of the dregs of the town taken at random, not ono will be found who would not joyfully walk barefooted to a prize fight. Out of a thousand of the educated and refined class shall we set down 10 per cent, as approvers ? We think such an estimate excessive. Bat we have this certain datum, that the lower the nature and habits the more decided the taste for the ring. Every blackguard loves it, every ruffian, every thief. Theyare all initiated in the mysteries. They have the anatomy of every professed bruiser, and are critical on their methods of attack and defence. Itis the talk of theginshop,the ale house, the beer shop of every haunt of the low and the vicious. In clubs and good society not a word is ever heard about it, for though in those places the ring has its friends here and there, they know better than to divulge, much less are they disposed to parade their peculiar taste. What a curious company must have bean that in the Paddington night train, especially despatched fur a breach of the law. The pyramid was then reversed, the majority of the upper stratum, the minority of the lowest. But between the fine gentleman in the first-class carriage, and the rough or pick pocket holding on to the door, what a bond of sympathy I the same pleasure, the same pursuit; the man of dirt and rags and the man of professed nicety and refinement looking forward with equal zest to the same treat. The gentleman has the taste of the blackguard, and the blackguard has the taste of the gentleman. That is the thing in common be tween them, under the unreal distinctions of broad cloth and shoddy. Disputes about taste are proverbially idle, but surely some suspicion of the correctness of a taste should be raised by the s ta m p of its possessors. The affinity be tween no ring and blackguardism and vulgarity should make repulsion fur the classes who would hold themselves clear of those reproaches. Yet men who would ba ashamed to confess the possession of anything else in common with cesterwongers, roughs, and pickpockets, will avow their share in the taste of seeing two men pound each other to jelly, What the worst take to with the greatest zest, they, the patrons of the ring, take to without seeing how it classes them morally and intellectually. What infallibly attracts the bad of every sort, attracts them also, arguing something in common where there ought to be nothing. Old and trite is the saying, that a man is known by his associates, and the character of his pleasures is in like man ner unerringly marked by the companionship of his plea• sures. If they herd him with all the worst, the lowest, the idle, the profligate, the criminal, the thing must be foul in its nature to have attraction for such natures. Some of a better order and respectable character, it is true, affect ; but the test of the thing is its favour with all the low and bad, and - a blackguard or thief not an admirer of the prizo ring is not to bo found. LoNDON REVIEW .—Our daily papers are b ecom i ng very ghastly reading, and are going far beyond the most sensa tional of sensation novels and dramas in the strangeness of the incidents they disclose and the stories they suggest. A horrible atmosphere of secret death surrounds us, and cases of infanticide that can never be traced to their perpetrators are getting as common as fatal accidents from crinoline. Every d a y we read of the discovery of s ome un f ortunate infant's body. In parcels dropped about the streets,—in out-houses and gardens,—chance is constantly bringing to light the shrivelled remains of children that have certainly not always met with a natural death. A man is t Wing in an idle mood on the grass of a marshy island between the River Lea and Bow Creek. He sees a cloud of blue bottles buzzing round a hillock of weeds; brushes them aside, parts the rank vegetation, and draws a parcel from a hole that has been scooped out of the earth to the depth of about a foot. if the man has any doubt as to the contents of that parcel, some dogs that aro ratting in that oozy waste have none; for they come crowding hungrily about the spot. An examination reveals the body of a famale infant, with evident marks of foul play; but the coroner's jury can do nothing more than return an open verdict. The thing is perpetually happening, and the open verdict in cases of infanticide is becoming an institution. It has been reserved for Whitechapel, however, to surpass all other stories of the like kind with which the public have recently been shocked. Few would have expected to find a secret and unhallowed Golgotha in a church. Burial within the walls of sacred edifices was until recently a too common practice ; but at _ _ at any rate it was openly and legally carried on. No one would have regarded a church as a probable place of deposit for bodies smuggled there in an improper way, and some of which are not without a swpicion of murder. Least of all could way cogregotim haw imagined that hiE4 AboYo their . 4k BANKRUPTCY RETURNS. An order has been published defining the returns of "all matters, judicial and financial, within the Bankruptcy Act, 1861," to be made by the officers of the Courts ot Bankruptcy to the Lord Chancellor. The registrar is to make a return annually for the year ending on October 11, of the number of adjudications of bankruptcy, stating whe ther they are on petition of a creditor, on petition of the debtor, by registrars at the prisons, on petitions in forma pauper is, or on judgment debtor summonses. He is also to state the number of adjudications where the debts of the bankrupt exceed £3OO, and the number of die cha-..ges granted, suspended, and refused. The official assignees are to make returns of the total amount of gross produce realised from the several bankrupts' estates; the amount realised by creditors' assignees, the amount realised by official assignees, the number of eases in which a dividend was made, the number of cases in which there was no dividend, and the number of cases in which the dividend was under 2s 6d, 28 6d and under ss, 5s and under 7s 6d, 7s Gd and under 10s, 103 and 15s, and 15s and under 20s. The registrar of trust deeds is to snake returns of the f o am f ount the total aop assignment,numberlunnutmof esr executed.odlo fceoi deeds trust ihrloslosf, tmta axexdsi composition,enesdege taxed, m s gt h: r :s e : o s aot t sai d e ssl r i g net deeds and e ,reeomedsgross aa, koaaefauctioneers', ofrei amount, d c aea s t xrt i ao r: and accountants' bills, and the amount struck off o uitdso n unpenrtee t el: otioomn.berTohfeapßpeegailsat,raanr dofofAepapsoesalisoilsotoiemhakjoedrgemtuarontssowf were o r f an e g as e e d a ; in t w he hie n h u i m u b d e g r m o e s a ffiurnmdeedr, reversed u v e s r t e d d e , e v d a s r i n e n d d , confirmed, reversed, var i e d , pen di ng, abandoned, or ar fntsappeals pending, abandoned, or arranged ; and the number of appeals from county courts, and ot cases in:which judg ments were affirmed, reversed, varied, pending, abandoned, or arranged. The messengers aro to give an account of all fees received by the messengers in the London court and in the district courts in the country, in respect of anything done or duty discharged under any bank ruptcy; an account of all sums of money received by way of deposits from, or on account of, any bankrupt in trust for his estates, and an account of payments actually disbursed and for assistance, including the salaries of the messengers and their clerks. Specimens of the forms in which the returns are to be made are given in the general order which was just before the close of the session ordered by the House of Commons to be printed. THE GREAT FIRE AT MONASTIR. We take the following letter from the Levan, Herald : MoNisTan, Aug. 19. " The telegraph will already have informed you of the dis astrous fire which broke out on Friday afternoon lest,the 14th last, and which has laid waste a great portion of this town, including the whole of its bazaar. I now give you the par ticulars of this calamity. The town of Monastir is in• tersected in its length by the wide bed of a stream called the Drahor, This stream was before the fire spanned by nine wooden bridges, five of these being enclosed by shops ; the bazaar extended along each bank from the fourth to the eighth bridge. At about half an hour before sunset on the above day, alarm-guns from the town battery gave warning of a fire which had broken out in a small tavern near the fourth bridge, through the accidental ignition of some spirits. The flames spread rapidly, and before sunset the shops on the bridge and the adjoining houses were all in a blaze. The civil governor and the chief military au thorities were soon on the spot, attended respectively by bodies of zaptiehs and soldiers, who were provided with fire engines, grapling irons, and axes, Efforts were made to prevent the fire from reaching the other side of the Drahor, but in vain. The troops were not as active as they might have been in pulling down houses next the source of the fire. Water, moreover, was extremely scarce, owing to the unusual drought, which has dried up both the bed of the stream and most of the wells. In less than an hour two bridges, with all their shops, were entirely do stroyed, the flames spreading with frightful rapidity along both sides of the Drahor, sweeping the whole area of the bazaar and the Jewish quarter on the left bank, and ex tending towards the Christian quarter on the right; while the bridges, crowded wi h wooden shops, acted like the running matches of fireworks between the opposite sides. The principal Government offices, situate on the left bank, were for some time in imminent danger, namely, the army otlic:.s and town barracks, the residences of the military and civil governors, and the Telegraph office, the buildings ims mediately contiguous to which were n duced to ashes. A little before 2 o'clock, Turkish time, while the fira was yet unchecked, flames wereobserved to issue from several blocks of buildings distant from it, like jets of gas, from the wooden gallery and apex of tho city clock tower, a handsome stone structure about 150 feet high, and Ihe fire meanwhile forcing its way through it from below the tower blazed like a gagantie torch for an hour afterwards. Up to this time the air had been calm; but now a breeze sprung up, and while increasing the jury of the flames caused them to spread late rally. On the right bank they approached to within a few yards of the Greek archbishop's residence, which was saved with the utmost difficulty, the leaves having caught fire three times, while some of its outhouses were burnt down. llnd this building been consumed it would hardly have been possible to save another large quarter of the town where the English, Russian, and Greek Consulates are situated. For the meanwhile, however, the lire was rushing along with redoubled fury in a direction at right angles with the Drahor, and parallel to what may be called the main street, where the establishment of the French Lezarists and tho Austrian Consulate are situated. Its progress in this quarter wa s assisted by the wind, which veered round several times in the course of the night and caused the fire to strike out in new directions, sometimes travelling back in a line parallel to its previous course. It was owing to one of theae changes that the mansions of Pappa Dimitri, Ecenomo, and Ni:ziota (some of the principal Christian merchants here) ; which had been spared almost by a miracle during the earlier part of this disastrous night, were reduced to ashes towards the morning, many hours after their apparent rescue. After it had skirted the Lazarista' establishment and the Menzil-hane, the insatiable ele ment, passing beyond, devoured all on its way until it reached the mansions of M. Meimonka, another of the chief Christians and of M. Mesrahi, ono of the chief Jewish merchants. These fell before it at about 10 o'clock, Turkish time, and were among its laat victims. It was only wh en the sun rose upon the scene cf devastation, and after the fire had raged without intermission for upwards of 11 hours, that the fury of the flames became spent. " In the meanwhile, on the left bank and along the valley of the Dreher, the destruction had been yet more exten sive; in the latter direction it found its limits only at the last bridge, where the town may bo said to terminate. The fire had swept round the two principal mosques, which had only escaped owing to their spacious courts; further down it had consumed three other largo mosques. A great amount of property, which had been deposited in the last by persons who trusted they would prove equally f ireproof, w as thus sacrificed. More sad than all, I h ave to racer.] the loss o f s( vend lives. Four Turkish so ldi ers fell victim s to their daring attempts to rescue property front burnin g houses in the Jewish quarter. The charred remains of a Jewish child, five years old, have been dug out of the ruins; a young Jewess is also missing. The following statement, which has been gathered from the most authentic sources, may se rve to give an idea of the property destroyed : —2,300 shops, 240 houses (of which 198 Jewish, 37 Chris tian, and seven Turkish), 40 khans, three mosques, six synagogues, two baths, two military guard-houses, five bridges, and the cloak-tower. No estimate has yet been made of the value of the property destroyed ; but it certainly ex ceeds half a million sterling. As proprietors of shops and khans, ss s. it4hr Turks, Christians, and J ews have all sustained heavy o at this p er i o d of the neigh b ouring losses. T, occurrence fairaway their goods thither for sa l e circumstance, most ( f th e trere pt: g sbeen carried a y previous to the calamity. Amon g th e chief sufferers are Vedjihi Effendi, a rich Turkish pr opr i etor, to the extent it is said, of a million of piastre s . With respect to houses l li f e i nt (3 s rl h it will be seen that the Jews have suffered most exten sively; and as a number of families (Som et i mes as many as 15) were crowded into each house, no less than GOO Jewish families have been rendered homeless by thi s calamity. Of this number 200 were so poor as to have been at all times , nor did they o wn t h e h dependent upon houses th ey lived in; so that, excepting the temporary loss of shelter, they are not mime wo rse off than they were b e f ore the fire. Of the remainder 300 families aro more to be pitied, since they have been reduced to a like state of destitution. I t i s to be hoped that subscriptions will be raised in every possible quarter in aid of the sufferers. Meanwhile th e Government authorities and private contributions ha ve k ept these poor people from starvation, although all that can be done in this respect is to issue a 200 dram loaf (costing 20 pares) a day to each of them. In this way 2,000 loaves aro distributed daily. The mudir of Perlepo, Tahsin Effendi, also very considerately sent a liberal donation of bread immediately upon learning the calamity. Many of the poorest familes have been accommodated with tents pro vided by the military departments ; others have been taken into private houses; and many Turkish houses are being rented for the better class of sufferers. "The authorities have been engaged in restoring property, much of which was saved from the flames through their exertions ; the police also have succeeded in recovering nu merous articles vg value yalic4 JA44 PC9 I I P illaged PY the h , --Cs as they sat at worship—beneath the timbers of the roof, and in duet.: proximity to the bells that tail of births and marriages and honest natural deaths—was a mass of decay ing humanity. We are all accustomed to the skeleton in the house, and have got somewhat callous to his inevit able presence. But the skeletons in the church-roof— no metaphors, hut veritable corpses of infants, " still-born" or not, as the case may be, and parching silently in the sun and wind from year to year —are certainly a grim novelty, such as could hardly have been conceived oven by the mor bid fancy of Edgar Poe. The investigation into this strange case has not yet proceeded far enough to throw much light on the question as to how the bodies came there ; but it has brought out some singular and note-worthy facts. The dis covery was first made on Saturday, the 22d August, by some workmen who were fining ventilators in the roof, the need of which, one would think, must have been very apparent to those who frequented the church. Only one coffin was found on that occasion. The sexton and churchwardens were communicated with, and, on further search being made, sculls, bones, and small coffins - were found to a con• siderable number—some of them in the belfry. Remains of 14 bodies in all have been drawn forth from these ex traordinary hiding-places. Some of the corpses had evi dently nut been there for more than two years; others were shrivelled to parchment, and had apparently been dead for 30 or 40 years. Seven of the skulls are said to be en crusted with blood. It appears to have been a work of some trouble and no small danger to place the bodies where they were found. Two or more persons were manifestly concerned in the task, for the only access to the place is by a narrow ledge of timber, and the coffins, says the report in the daily papers, "must have been handed up to the person above by an accomplice. The place to catch hold of is very narrow, and if the person clinging on had made the slightest slip, he would infallibly have been killed by falling into the iron machinery of the church bells." Who were the persons who ran this risk ? Evidently people who had some legitimate business about the church, though as yet it is impossible to say precisely who. At the first sitting of the inquest, a woman came forward, who turns out to be the mother of two of the in fants whose dead bodies wore found in the belfry. She was enabled to identify some of the wrappings, and her evidence was not without value. Four children have been born to this woman, of whom only one was legitimate. Two were still-born; the other two only lived for a very brief period. The two former, and one of those born alive, which survived five days, were "fetched away" by an undertaker's man, for the purpose, as it was supposed, of being buried ; but the mother seems to have heard, at some subsequent time, that they had not been buried, or at least that ono had not. We do not gather from the report of her evidence when she heard this : if it was before the dis covery in the roof, the fact is important, and demands further inquiry. The sexton denies all knowledge of the affair; and, though his excited exclamation on being sworn —"I am innocent of this charge, so help my God I" when no charge had been made against him—was not a good point in his favour, it may be that he was really ignorant of the strange uses to which the church roof and the belfry had been put. He admits, however, that he formerly re ceived still-born children for burial in the churchyard, and that he took no care of the certificates. COURT JOURNAL.—The friends of the South have, at the present moment, greater cause than they ever had to be proud of the bold, manly attitude of the Richmond Ca binet and the people of the Southern States. The latest in telligence from America is equally as unexpected as it is welcome to the heart of all true-feeling and liberty-loving Englishmen. The one great stain upon the independent banner of the South till the present moment was slavery, and even the warmest sympathisers with freedom still felt a lurking, though half-smothered, feeling of antagonism towards the agitation for recognising the South, knowing, as tbey did, that by so doing England was, after all, admit ting a slave•.trading and slave-holding country to the community of great and free nations. The importance of Jefferson Davis's last proclamation is, perhaps, not perfectly , understood at the present moment, bat it calls for the en rolment of 500,000 negro soldiers, who are to have their liberty at the end of the war. This is the first great step in the direction of emancipation, and we have every reason to rejoice at it, inasmuch as it holds out far greater promise of success than the vindictive, yet hesitating, project which originated and was addled in the brains of Northern states men. The negro taking up arms for the North is already free, and has only to dread capture by fighting with any thing like courage; but the negro on the side of the S_uth knows that he is struggling for freedom, and that every in dividual effort will tend to bring the war still nearer to a close, and to grant him his longed-for and well-earned liberty. All honour, say we, to the Confederate soldiers and statesmen who have begun the work of emancipation, and may England not be slow to recognise a nation which, whilst struggling for its own independence, does not forget that of the unfortunate negro—the true cause of all this long and disastrous warfare. ATITENJEUM.—A benevolent lady, aided by some earnest friends, proposes to establish an Infanticide Prevention Society. These thoughtful persons have been struck by the frequent failure of justice in cases of child murder. There was, for example, in a recent case some rather start ling elements. A woman was charged with the wilful murder of her child. The evidence was conclusive as to her maternity—the medical testimony was direct and clear that the child had been born alive, and that its life had been destroyed by drowning. It was proved that the prisoner had provided a pan-snug of water and had thrust the child into it. Yet the jury acquitted the prisoner. Such a mis carriage of justice, they urge, could only occur while the public mind is unawakenel to the social enormity of this particular crime. "On this ground it will be a prominent feature in this institution to stimulate a healthy national sentiment on this vital question—not by exciting a maud lin sympathy with guilt, oven under the garb of desertion and suffering in the hour of travail, but by boldly confront ing the dark crime of child murder." The evil is obvious, the remedy not so. We wish these benevolent persons every success in their effurts ; but we may warn them that the task of awakening the public mind is no light ono. A change of the Bastardy Law is only ono branch of the great work which stands before these new reformers. SPECTATOR.—Herr von Bismark's tone toward the Prus sian people is that of the young gentleman in _Punch, who, sitting with his feet on the fender, calmly replied to the in furiated father who thundered at him, " It comes to this, Frederick, am I to be master in this house or you?" with, " Don't excite yourself, Papa. I will, if you like." It is believed, however, that the Prussian Premier's inconsist • ency is not altogether voluntary. Another royal decree was to have altered the electoral law, and enabled him to address himself only to the reactionary classes. Where he expected to find a reactionary electoral body sufficiently numerous to play the part with decency remains a mystery. The country squires who prefix " von" to their names, the offi cers in the army, and the higher official employes are pro bably his only enthusiastic supporters. It has, indeed, been suggested that he intended to resort to universal suffrage, and, no doubt, he is an admirer of the Emperor of the French. But the despotism of France is founded on the dread with which the peasant proprietors regard social ism, and socialism has but few disciples among the orderly and industrious Germans. Well-informed people do, indeed, seem to say that the agricultural class has as yet been apathetic in the contest between the bourgeoisie and the Premier, but the emancipation of the peasantry, commenced by Stein in 1807, was only completed by Prince Hardenberg in 1821. Thirty years can scarcely have erased the mark of his collar from the neck of the serf, and it is permitted one to doubt whether, if ho were directly appealed to, he would be disposed to give his vote in favour of the domination of his former master. But it is idle to speculate on the projects of a man who to. day advises Aus•• tria to abandon her connection with Germany, and to-morrow openly talks of annexing Poland. No dreams are too wild for a mind whose natural disease of arrogance has by the pos session of power been irritated to delirium. It; indeed, ho ad vised his master either to restrict or enlarge the constituency by royal decree, the King has not been able to summon the necessary dishonesty or desperation. The Deputies are to be chosen in the manner which the constitution directs, Herr von Bismark may plead in favour of the dissolution that the late Chamber was not elected under his auspices. But II e late Premier, Von der Emit, was only a more prudent Bismark. His attempts at influencing the consti. tuencies did not procure the return of a single minister nor, indeed, of more than a dozen ministerialists. No doubt Herr Bismark is capable of going to any extremities either of coercion or bribery, but surely it is more than even he can hope —to convert a minority of a dozen into a mujerity. And when he meets the Parliament, even before the budget will arise the question of the legality of the decree gagging the Press. If that ordinance is "not contrary to the Con stitution," and was issued "only when the suppression of an extraordinary necessity urgently dernanaed it" —whatever that may mean—still it must bo "submitted _ _ forthwith to the approbation of the Chambers at their next meeting." We cannot anticipate any result from the assembly of the Chambers, except the conti nuance of the existing deadlock. King William will then be in that position which is the inevitable dilemma of statesmen—he will have three courses before him. First, ho can dismiss his present advisers, select their successors from the majority of the Chamber, withdraw tho decree on the Press, popu larise the army, break off his relations with the junker ca snarilla, in short, frankly accept the position of a constitu tional monarch. Secondly, ho may abdicate. In order to adopt the first of these resolutions, he must conquer the obstinacy which is his leading characteristic, and although a confirmed military martinet abjure the habits of thought instilled into him in youth and cherished for more than half a century. In order to adopt the second he must relinquish that show of power to which, like all weak men, he clings with a tenacity which is only equalled by his irresolution. The third course is one from which his natural honesty of temper, if not the remonstrances of his wife and son, will, it is to be hoped, hold him back. But, unhappily, the man who has allowed himself to be persuaded thus far on the road to despotism may want the courage to confess or the brains to comprehend his error. He may yield to the evil advisers who surround him. lie may violate his oath, abolish the Constitution by royal decree, appeal to the army for support, and endeavour t' stamp out the opposition of his people in blood. If ho succeeds, Prussia, a straggling tract of recently united proxt ices, with an army fully occupied in holding dor, a d i saffected people, ceases to be a great power. It' ho fails, theflohen- Olicria§ cease t 9 P 9 t NUPE 12 =Q, spat oinks, Alarming Occurrence on the North London Railway. On Saturday morning, shortly before 11 o'clock, an acci-. dent of a very alarming character occurred to a North Lo - dc n Railway train within a few yards of the Fenchurch street station,and which, it is almost miraculous to relate, did not involve the destruction of a large amount of human life. The train in question was the 10.20 from Camden-road,. and consisted of some t en or e l even carriages, three of which were first-class, and the remainder second-class car riages of the North London line. It was due at Fenchurch street shortly before eleven o'clock, and the pace of the train had been slackened to run into the North London compartment. Suddenly a very severe shock was felt by the passengers, and many in the foremost carriages were thrown from their seats. Great consternation was manifested, and it was at once discovered that the engine No. 2, of the composite class, that is, with the boiler and tender, &c., attached, and ordinarily in use on the North London line, bad left the metals and had dashed against the wall of the viaduct, carrying a great portion of it away, and precipitat ing it on to some now buildings, which a large number o f workmen were at the time engaged in erecting in Cooper's • row, Cruiched-friars, beneath. The escape of both train and passengers was most miraculous, for, had the engine proceeded but a foot or two further, it must have been pre cipated over the viaduct, and in all probability have dragged one or two carriages over with it. The writer of this was a passenger in one of the first-class carriages, the third or fourth from the engine, and although the train had slackened its speed to run into the station, the shock was so great as to throw the passengers in that carriage from one side to the other. The moment the driver of the engine found, from the peculiar grating noise he heard, that his wheels had left the metals, he shut off the steam, and after grazing the sides of tho outer wall for a distance of some 3 or 10ft, the engine turned completely round, and rushed through the wall of the viaduct over Cooper's-row, as before described, and became embedded in the soil. a providential circumstance, to which may be attributed the stoppage of the train without going over. As it was, the first carriage, a second-class, in which there happened to be fortunately but seven or eight passen gers, was thrown up completely over the rear or tender portion of the engine, and then fell upon its side inward towards the rails. The third carriage, also a second-class, must have jumped up, as the whole of the top part of the first was completely smashed in, but it had returned after the collision, and stood partly upon the rails. The passen gers were necessarily much alarmed, but although our re porter made every inquiry upon the spot, he could not ascertain that any one was injured beyond being slightly shaken by the concussion. As soon as the passengers were able to leave the carriages they had to walk to the platform, which was not more than some 20 or 30 feet from the spot where the engine was to be seen in its perilous position, partially suspended over the outside of the viaduct. Another providential circumstance was, that although a large num ber of workmen were employed on the building in course of erection where the engine struck the wall, none of them were in the identical spot where the brickwork was broken. or the falling wreck would, without doubt, have proved fatal to them. As soon as the alarm had somewhat subsided, Mr. Wight man, the superintendent of the B lackwall and Eastern Coun ties lines at the station, and other officials, at mace tele graphed to North London works at Bow, and to stop the up Blackwell trains, as from the position in which the engine stood, and the second-class carriage hung, not only the North London but the Blackwell termixus metals were completely blocked, and the passengers on both these lines were compelled to leave the carriages at the junction, for some distance down the line, during a great portion of the morning, whilst the outgoing trains were despt.tehed from the platform of the Eastern Counties and the London, Til bury, and Thames Haven line, on the Northern side of the station. In a short time large number of engineers and labourers belonging to the North London Company were on, the spot, and efforts were made to remove the carriage and engine, which overhung tho parapet, and caused large crowds of persons to assemble in Cooper's-row during tho operations. It was not until late in the afternoon that this was effected. As to the causes which led to the occurrence, there is Litt little doubt that it resulted from some negligence on the part of some of the workmen employed in repairing the metals at the spot where the engine went off. Just at this place tha earth had been dug out, and the sleepers upon which the metals rested were completely bare, and it is believed that some of these not having been properly secured, the pre vious train from Camden Town, which arrived about 20 minutes after ten, and had shortly after gone out over tho same ground, must in doing so have displaced ono of the metals or chairs, and that the line wan not examined by the plate-layers between that and the arrival of the 10.20 train. The matter, however, is under investigation. The conduct of the driver and stoker of No. 2 engine is most praiseworthy, for it was ascertained that when they found the engine was off the line, instead of jumping off,thoy shut off the steam and stuck to their posts at the risk of their lives, which would in all probability have been sacrificed had the engine progressed a foot or two further over the, edge of the viaduct, where it had broken through. The oc currence created considerable excitement amongst the malty thousands of passengers who daily thr.mg the Fenchurch street station and its vicinity, and many exaggerated ru mours were throughout tho day in circulation. COUNTRY MARKETS. ~, YORK~SATunDAy. The kupply of wh( at at market to-day was moderate, and late prices above, maintained for all sorts. A great quantity of rain has tailor), and in some places the out standing crops have been injured. Wheat, red 4ls to 46. Oats.... 2os to 24s White do .48s to 5 9 s Beans & 4 3S to z , 42s Barley .30a to 32s P eas ......... ....—s to —t4 Malt, 62s to 64s per qr.; rye, :ns per qr.; flour, 33a to 35s per sack. NOTTINGHAM—SATURDAY. The greater part of the wheat crop is secured, and the yield is very good. :White wheat, from 458 to 50s; 'red wheat, 40s to 479. Barley—malting, 353 to 41s ; grinding, 28s to 31s. Outs, old, at 24s to 31s Od; new, 22s to 275. Beans sold at 38s to 43s per qr, ; new, 38s to 425. GRANTHAM—SATURDAY. Old white wheat, 44s to 48s; red, 42s to 44s per 368 f.; new white, 458 to 495; new, 43s to 465. Malting barley, 36s to 40s per qr ; grinding, 30s to 325; oats, old, 2Gs t) 28s; new, 23s to26s; beans, 40$ to 425; peas, 38s to 40s. NORWICII—SATuRDAY. A small supply, and the demand was not activo, hut late prices were realised. There were a good number of samples of new barley offered, and prices is up. White wheat. ..... 46s to 47s 1 lied wheat 43s to 45s Malting barley ...38s to 40s 1 Chevalier barley 36s to 37s Distilling d 0..... 33s io 35s I Oats.... Flour, 31s Od to —s Od per sack from the miller. LEICESTER—SATURDAY. Old white wheat, 45s to 508 ; new, 48s to 50a per 36 stone. Old red, 428 to 48a per 3G stone. Barley, malting, new, 358 to 39s per qr.; grinding, 28s to 31 8; o !d oats , 27s to 3)s; new oats, 24s to 26s p er 24 s t one. Beans , uew, 38s to 42s per 38 stone ; flour, 30s to 358 per 20 stone. NORTHAMPTON —SATURDAY. White wheat, 42sj to 48s ; red, 42s to 45s ; fine, 476 to —s per qr. Barley, 34s to 38s—grinding, 27s to 30s; Oats, 23s to 32s per 24 stone. Beans, 39s to 43:0. Peas, 34s to 40s per qr. [ADVERTISE MENT.] — OOIIBUnaption, all nervous, bilious liver, and stomach complaints, in every stage, are only ag' gravate and accelerated by drugs of every description, but perfecay curable by Du Barry's health restoring- lievalenta Arabica Food, as proved by thousands of cases which had been considered hopeless. We quote a few.—Cure No. 62,014. Miss Lange, 18 years of age, cured after the medical men had abandoned all hopeA of her recovery from the last stage of pulmonary consumption, with fearful cough, expectoration, exhaustion, spitting of blood, perspirations, hollow cheeks, emaciated to a skeleton. She is now, thank God, a perfectly healthy, blooming, fleshy girl.—N. Lange, Commissaire de Police. Cure, No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Primley Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, and partial deafness.—Cure, No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies.—Cure, No. 54,816. The Bev. James T. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, of indigestion and torpidity of the liver, which had resisted all medical treatment. In tins, llb, 20 9d ; 21b, 40 6d ; 51b, lls ; 121 b, 225; 241 b, 400. Barry du Barry and Co., No. 77, Regent-street, London ; also Fortnum and Mason .. ; and all grocers and chemists i n ever y t o wn of the United Kingdom. Births. BELL. —On the Sth inst., the wife of P. Bell, E N ., 47th ltegt., of a daughter. Fu l. E •r u e t .n. . e -- , 0 0 f n a t d h a e u l g O h i l e i r i . not,., at Manton) Norf o lk, M rs. T, llANuultir.-0a the 7th Inst.. at Ballysax, co. Kildare, the wife of Captain Gurney Hanbury, 10th Hussars, of a daughter. -_ Marriages. EAGLE—Winrcits. — On. the 10th inst., at St, Dartholo mew,s, Sydenham, W. P. Eagle, Esq., of Cannon-street, W., to Ilarriett, only daughter of Henry Withers, Esq., of 3, Wellington-street, London. bridge, LEAHY—BAKER—On the 10th inst., at St Mary's Church, Chatham, James Wilton Leahy. Esq., R.N., to Frances Ann, eldest daughter of'Thos. P. Baker, Esq., R.N.) of lI.M. Dockyard, Chatham. Deaths. ALLEN.—On the 9th inst., at Chigwell, Richard J. Allen, Esq., aged 81. BICKIIAM,—On the Bth inst., Thomas Bickhatn, Esq., of Whalley Range, Manchester. FOSTER, —On the 11th inst., at Leo, Kent, the infant daughter of C. J. Foster, LL.D. H Awkrics.—On the 10th inst., at Brighton, Wtn. Henry Hawkins, Esq., J.P., aged 68. HAINEs.—On the 10th inst., at Moor Wood blouse, near Cirencester, Edward Haines, Esq., aged 90. SUTTON.—On the 11th inst., at St. John's-wood, James Sutton, Esq., aged 61. TOWNSIIEN'D.—On the 10th inst., at Ilaynham Hall, Nor- , folk, Marquis Townsend, aged 65. WILDE,—On, the 6th inst., at Cheam House, Surrey, Geo, Wildo,Esq., aged 59. London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM AN DEEWS 4 of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TnE Surf Office No. 112 Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County of September 111 1b63. r .16e - ' ..• ,