The Sun. — London, England, 1863-08-25 00:00:00

LANCASHIRE DISTRESS. CENTRAL RELIEF FUND. The weekly meeting of the Central Exerettive Committee was held yesterday in the Mane heater Town-hall, the Earl of Derby in the chair. Mr. MACLURE, the honorary secretary, ri sported that the balance in the bank was £310,588 Os. 10d., and that £l9olBs. 10d. bad been received d ueeng the week. The honorary secretary also repol.te d that during the week three parcels of clothing Lad been received. Nothing hid been sent off. Mr. FARNALL lead the following report e— " I beg to inform you that on the 15th ir it. there was an increase in the'number of persons PI :ceiving parochial relief in 27 union in the cotton IE anufac turing districts, as compared with the nee nber so relieved in tebe previous week, of 382. The increase of 382 is explained as follows :—There is an increase at Blackburn of 91, at Burnley of 73, at Bury of 46. at Chorley of 29, at Chorlton of 6, at Clitheroe of 13. at Glossop of 476, at Haslingden o f 60, at Lancaster of 3, at Leigh of 16, at Macclesfie id of 8, at Oldham of 170, at Preston of 76, at Prestwich of 28, at Saddleworth of 60, at Todmorden of 111, and at Wigan of 15—making a total increase of 1,281. But there is a decrease at Ashton-under-Lyne of 195, at Barton-upon-Irwell of ;V:, at Bolton of 2, at Garstang of 6, at Manchester of 236, at Rochdale of 169, at Salford of 232, at Stockport of 24, and at Warrington of s—making a total decrease of 899, BO that there is a net increase of 382, and since the 6th cf December last a total decrease of 125,752. There were on the 15th inst. 146,231 persons re ceiving parochial relief in the 27 unions adverted to ; in the corresponding week of 1861, 46,807 per sons were so relieved ; there is, therefore, an in crease of 99,424 persons in the receipt of parochial relief, or 212.4 per cent. In the corresponding week of 1862, 126,580 persons received paro chial relief. The total weekly cost of out-door relief on the 15th inst. was £9,023 14s. Bd.; in the corresponding week of 1861 it was £2,264 15a. 9d.; there is, therefore, an increase of £6,758 183. ld., or 298 4 per cent. In the corresponding week of 1862 it was £7,127 la. 6d. The average percentage of pauperism on the population of these unions on ti.e 15th inst. was 7 . 4; in the corresponding week .in 1861 it was 2 4 ; avd in the correspond ing week in 1862 it was 6.4. The amount of money in the hands of the treasurers of the above unions on the 15th inst. was £79,183 8s: 2d. Your committee will have observed the increase of pau perism in the union of Glossop—viz., 476 ; but the clerk of that union wrote to me on the 21st inst. as follows " ' This increase is caused principally by the Glossop Relief Committee throwing the single men, and men with their wives and no children, on to the guardians, and also by the stoppage of a colliery in the township of Chisworth.' Had there been no alteration of arrangements - in the union of Glossop I should have been enabled to have reported a decrease of pauperism in the cotton manufactured districts." A discussion followed on the general prospects of the district. Mr. J. IL KAY said that the conditions of things in the district which he represented (Bury) ap. peared to him to be more gloomy now than it was a few weeks ago ; and mentioned as a fact in point that one of the largest manufacturing firms in his neighbourhood, that of Messrs. Grant Brothers, was about to close their mill and retire from business. Mr. T. ASHTON thought there were no new grounds to warrant any important variation from the estimate of the prospects of the cotton trade put forth by this committee at Christmas last. The imports of cotton in the interval had been, if any thing, rather less than was calculated upon ; but the difference was inconsiderable. There was no doubt that every bale of cotton imported would be used. In reply to the chairmen, he observed that next year a large supply of cotton might be looked for, inasmuch as they ought not to anticipate another failure in the Indian crop. Mr. HUGH MASON mentioned that a manufac turer with whom he was well acquainted, employ ing 700 hands, and whose works had been stopped for several months, bought cotton about eight weeks ago, and again opened his works, thinking that at the then price of the raw material there would be less loss in working than in keeping the machinery idle. Since he went into the market, however, the price of cotton had advanced 21d. per lb., and it became a question with him whether he should not close again. Mr. ASUTON said that similar changes in the market had been occurring during the last 18 months. Mr. E. ASHWORTH expressed the opinion, as member of the Cotton Supply Association, that there would not be more than 22,000 bales per week for consumption till the close of the year, leaving the stock in Liverpool at that time the same as in the present month—viz., in round numbers, 150,000 bales less than at the commencement of the year— that was to say, the trade would lessen the stock in Liverpool beyond the imports to 150,000 bales. This 22,000 bales per week would be equivalent to three days' working. He could show from correspondence received by the Cotton Supply Association, a pro mise based upon crops of cotton now growing, of a supply equal to 42 days per week employment for 1864. The CHAIRMAN inquired from what countries the increased supply was expected ? Mr. E. ASHWORTH replied that 350,000 bales, equal to 250,000 bales of American, were expected from the Turkish dominions; there 'would be a small increase from Italy and the Mediterranean Islands, an increase of 50,000 tales from Egypt, and of 100,000 more from Brazil and Peru. Sir Charles Wood had stated that, owing to the unfavourable season in India in 1862, we had a much smaller excess of quantity than might have been anticipated from the increased breadth of land placed under cotton. They might now take into their calculation, however, last year's increased breadth of land and the increased 'breadth this year; and he thought they might safely estimate an enlarged import from India for 1864 to the extent of 250,000 bales. The CHAIRMAN said if these calculations were ac curate, they were most important. Heretofore these dis tricts had been dependent, he believed, upon Ame rica for at least fiv e-sixths of their cotton ; and accordin g to th e estimate now made, there would next ye ar b e p er week, supply equal to nearly five days' Ivo -11 r 1 11 r i . n A g s Irr o NI said he had no doubt that the whole of Lancashire' mi ghto f cotton be at full work in 1865 or 1866 without a bale and sappos f n cotton being received from Ame rica, I n the war were still progressing in that country. e r reply to Mr. Worral, he added that lie believed the re be a su ffi cient supply for 41 days' working imm ed iately after Christmas. Mr. E. A suwoRTR cg oit observed that the time at which the 41 days' som e should commence would be regulated, to Ifthey extent, by the ex rewi e ra e e tent of stocks in hand. keep hey . were sufficiently reduced at Christmas to the point s ee a n t rse to fuller which would permit of immedialat working, extended operations com mence. The Indian cotton eropsulda. then com till towards Midsummer, but prices wo uld not arrive Mediterranean and some other crops by b ijog the During the past year the exports of ma y nuf E r arY " etured goods from England had exceeded the • imports of the raw material, and therefore the old stocks in th e ware h ouses must have been c onsiderabl y les sened . Th e CHAIR:IAN (Lord D.:rby) asked if there w e , any prospect cf an increased supply of cotton from South Africa—Natal, for instance, or Australia? Mr. E. Asnwoi,Tll—Very little: indeed. We shall not have 10,000 bales fron2 all Africa, excluding EgYPt• Lord EGERTON inquired what was the prospect with regard to the export of manufactured goods. He understood that the exports depended upon the price of cotton here. Mr. E. ASHWORTH said that in 1860 or 1861 we exported cotton. goods to the value of 1:60,000,000 sterling. When the price of cotton rose the exports began to fall off, but the Tittles twitted them by saying that they stiq sent out £60,000,000 worth of goods—that was, half the exports at double tto price. The question was whether, when the bulk of raw cotton imported was 50 per cent. more than at present, the £60,000,000 of money would be raised to i90,n00,000. I+lr. t'i..'•llloN htlicied that -with the low price of cotton formerly prevailing, the trade would again extend in proportion. They could not enlarge their operations at the present prices of cotton. The cot ton growing districts of India had, owing to the high price paid for their produce, enjoyed a degree of prosperity never before witnessed. The effect was beginning to be seen in Calcutta. An esti mate had been arrived at as to the quantity of goods they could use in the six months, from January to the end of July, and this was one of the causes of the large business done in Manchester last week. The usual consumption in Calcutta was, in spite of present high prices, only 25 per cent. per month more than that of the first six months of this year. In addition to this they knew that the stocks of goods up country had been reduced materially during the same period. Mr. E. Asrtwormi said the money paid to India during the last year for cotton had been about £20,000,000 sterling more than had been customary, and the increased amount to Egypt—to a popula tion of 3,500,000—was about £7,000,000 sterling. Some portion of that money would be sure to come back to this country for manufactured goods. Mr. STERN did not think there would be any difficulty in selling all the goods they could produce, provided there was no very sudden fall in the price of cotton. Lord E. HOWARD, M.P., said they could not be too thankful for the hope of brighter prospects which had been held out to them, but he gathered from the conversation that a period of somethin g like two years must elapse before tbey m c n ou et ld be b a e r realised, and thought, therefore , that they in mind what they had to encouonidterhaivnetahsat winterlong interval. He was sure they fi g ning e e m m p o l n o e y y . app nnd r e o r a t e n h e e d r ply ub e i n i c t v t or d k o e , b A o e t t h n n d a p i n p l fi y n i n d ment by other means for the distressed population. These people, if he mistook not, would soon be badly off for clothing, and that might interfere with their going to a distance in search of work. He should be glad to learn what had been the result of efforts made by certain benevolent persons to employ these cotton operatives in out door work. It would be well, especially as a long period had to be tided over before brighter times arrived, if such persons would publish the result of their experience in the employment of factory operatives at a distance. It might probably en courage others to follow their example by finding occupation for the same unfortunate class. Lord EGERTON said the expense of removing deterred married men with families from going in search of work to long distances; they had also a natural repugnance to breaking up their homes. Mr. MACLURE (hon. sec.) said that wherever operatives had gone to avail themselves of specific offers of work through this committee, he had taken care to inquire how they had conducted themselves as regarded their general behaviour and suitability for their new employments. In every instance the reports bad been most satisfactory, and on more than one occasion he had laid those reports before this committee. There was a great advan tage in offers of work of a temporary nature, as they enabled single young men to employ them selves for a time, and yet be within reach when a better state of the cotton trade came. The great difficulty was, as Lord Egerton remarked, the ex pense of transit. He stated that he had received an offer from Mr. Haig, of Newton, North Wales, for the employment of 20 men for five months, which he hoped to be able to make available. Such offers showed great consideration and would always be gladly received by the committee. Mr. E. ASHWORTH inquired whether, if the whole of the money provided under the new act were borrowed, employment would nct be found thereby for the whole of the operative population not occupied in the cotton trade. It would be bet ter in every sense not to send them away till it was ascertained that there was no work for them at home. In reply to the CHAIRMAN, he said he estimated 4-I days' work in the mills from January next. The CHAIRMAN thought it highly important that the facts detailed in the conversation should be made public, particularly as they might tend to reconcile an apparent inconsistency with which the manufacturers had been charged—namely that of endeavouring to prevent the people to disperse to other districts, at the same time that they made the most dismal statements regarding the present state of things. After a little further conversation the subject dropped. The MAYOR of MANCHESTER said that in all probability Manchester would make application for £lOO,OOO under the Public Works Act. The cor poration were most anxious to follow out the inten tions of Parliament, and assist in finding employ ment for the distressed population. THE MOORS, P ERTHSIIIRE.—The greater part of the Perthshire moors have now been opened and tested, and from the reports re ceived the sport generally appears to have been excellent on all the principal shooting grounds of the country. The wea ther since th e season opened has upon the w h o l e b een highly propitious for shooting, and sportsmen have in many places secured good bags of grouse and other game daily. In the Killin district, Sir Samuel Morton Peto, M.P.,. and party, b agge d at Auchlyne on the 12th 201 b race o f grouse. On the Glenlochy range, Sir Edmund Filmer and party shot 511 brace grouse. The Earl of Wemyss and party killed at Auchmore 73 brace of grouse, and on all the days the sportsmen were out since they have enjoyed good shooting. On the 12th and 12th, Mr. Cook and another gun bagged on the Straloch and Baledumna moors 1061 brace of grouse. Col. Dewar sh , l on the 17th, on the hill of Balna killy, 20 brace of grouse, Sir Patrick Keith Murray, Bart., of Ochtertyre, and party, killed at Foulis Wester, on the 18th, 27 brace of grouse, and on the 19th 37 brace of grouse. On the 20th the party had an excellent day's cover shoot ing. Messrs. Lumsden and Muir shot on the hill of Glen. turret on the 17th 421 brace of grouse, and on the 19th 40 brace of grouse. Sir Hugh Hume Campbell- Bart., bagged on the hill of Monzie on the 19th and 20th, in the course of of a few hours each day, 45 brace of grouse. On the Ran noch moors grouse are pretty numerous, and good bags have been made, but the birds are not so strong as in some other districts of the county. On the Ochil range, grouse are not plentiful, and the numbers killed are but few com pared with other districts of the shire. Blackcock shooting commenced on Thursday the 20th, and it appears that the birds are not so numerous as last year, but are in a forward state and in fine condition, On the moors of Drummond Castle, belonging to the Right Hon. Lord Wil loughby, the following trigs were secured the last few days : On the 15th, Earl Sefton killed 33 brace of grouse, Col. Tyrwhitt 42 brace, and the Hon. G. Heathcote, M.P., 301 La ace of grouse. On the 17th, Earl Sefton shot 41 brace of . grouse, Col. Tyrwhitt 43 brace, an d t h e Hon. G. Heatheote one stag. On the 18th, E ar l S e f ton bagged 32 brace of grouse, , rouse, Col. Tyrwhitt 50 brace, and the Hon. G. lleathcote two stags. Lord Willoughby killed at Stobhall, on-the Tay, on Saturday last, a fine salmon, which weighed 191 b. THE NORTH.—The moors throughout the north have been now well tested, and have not been found wanting. North of the line of the Caledonian Canal birds are more numerous and in better condition than usual. Morayshire is also above an average ; but the straths lying between the two districts, Strathdearn, Strathnairn, Stratherrick, and the upper parts of Strathspey, have suffered considerably from disease. In these districts the scarcity of birds is felt almost exclusively in the high grounds, and on these it is irregular, large moors being in some cases passed over, while those on each side of them are scant of game. The forests are everywhere satisfactory—the deer heavy, and the antlers well formed. In at least one instance a head, which has been sent to Mr. Snowie for preservation, has been clear of velvet fully a fortnight earlier than usual. The following are notes of sport throughout the north :—On the moors of Castle Leod, on the 13th, W. F. Webb, Esq., of Fodderty, , _bagged t o hi s own. gun the extraordinary number of 101 ~arbrace of grouse, 1 snipe, and 18 hares ; and on the 13th, at " T A. _ lahbeeatt,66l brace of grouse and one hare. On Friday, E. are, 'Esq., M.P., and Mr. Fenton shot 23. brace of grous e an d three hares on lines; , moors; and on Monday Coal Cottage, A.ln ' the same ge.ntl, men, accompanied by Edward Tsw, Esq., birds asnhdo4wehrasreosf,rens_7 Lagged, in a law hours, 51 brace of ' twithstauding a very high wind and heavy plentiful, though rather district d.wlild, and heavy bags might be Here the birds are reported fain Fox shot, after 12 e t l o oc b k, 32i brace of grouse. six bilAdard on e in very fine condition. On the 13th, while shooting gour, It. Tennant, t ng and left. Aotuthteofirsta s c h o o v t ey t two seven in i s n uc tw ce o ed s ed ho i t n s, r k ig il h li f o o t u ; r . o u (l s e 0 n Beaufort 12th,ir F Fraser moors ; Lord Lovat sq., Belsleard suc ceeded birds s partyfe fell, and bag g a e t d t h l e 63 second braee -I1 the and on the 14th Lord Loyal - , and the Hon. E in killing 43 brace. James Merry, on the 12th, bagged 2.5 brace. On the same clay at Ganlism' chan, E. Marjoribanks, jun., Esq., killed 45 brace :-, 1 woo dcock, and 1:3 hares ; and Francis Palmer. grouse, Esq., killed 35 brace of birds at Lochletter. On the 13th: at Alladale, Major Ciowes and John Clow-e, Esq., bagged 52 brace of grouse in seven hours. Capt. H. Amory killed 31 brace at Glenmoriston on the 12th. The same day, Messrs. Wilson, Dalcombie, shot 12 brace; on the 13th, 11 brace; and on the 14th, 17 brace of birds. At Inverernie, on the 13th, Compton Ferrers, Esq., and Mr. Coxon, bagged 261 brace and 3 hares ; the weather was very rough. On the 15th, at Faillie, the same gentlemen shot 291 brace a grouse, 3 snipes, 3 wildfowl, and 3 hares. The grouse here are very plentiful on the low ground, but very scarce on the heights. Two days afterwards Mr. Fer rers and Mr. Coxon visited Faillie and Gask, and bagged 411 brace of grouse, 2 snipes, and 3 hares. On the high grounds of these moors there is disease. The Messrs. Elles have had good sport at Easter Kyllachy ; on the 13th they had 121; on the 11th, 12; on the I.sth, 6; and on the 17th, 331 brace of grouse. On the 12th, at Bridge Park, Capt. Cameron of the 92d High• landers, D. Cameron, Esq., of Clunes, and Master Allan Cameron, Clunes, bagged 32 brace; the birds were very strong and healthy, and more numerous than last year Horatio Ross, Esq , of Glendibidale, on the 12th, shot 311 brace ; and on the same moors, the following day, Horatio ROB 3, jun., Esq., bagged 131 brace in an hour and a half. All these birds were well grown, and with few exceptions quite healthy. On the 12th, Mr. Miles and Mr. Bayley, at Corrybroug,h, shot 221 brace of birds, and the same day, at Wester Aberchalder, Mr. Masson bagged 121 brace of grouse. 4 hares, and 2 rabbits in a few hours. In five days, at Dunmaglass, John Bulled, Esq., and J. Hartman, Esq., have bagged 200 brace. The birds are very wild, and a number have been found dead from disease. At Skib on the 12th, George Dempster, Esq., and Seaforth killed 30 brace, and Sir K. Mackenzie, Bart., and Henry Reeve, 10 brace ; on the same day, at Coulmcny, Captain Hart and Mr. Barton bagged 151 brace of grouse and 1 hare, and on the following day 10 brace of birds. In four days, on the moors of Moy Hall, F. G. Dalgetty, Esq., Mr. Fortescue, and Captain Mallocb. shot 12.5 brace of grouse, 6 snipes, 6 wildfowl, and 30 hares. The coveys are very wild and scarce, from disease. From the 12th down to this date, the Messrs. Leigh have bagged at Strathconon 201 brace of grouse, 2 woodcocks, and 10 hares. The birds are strong and wild, but there are signs of disease. Mr. Strachan has made the following bags at Daviot—viz , on the 12th, 71 ; on the 13th, 81; on the 14th, 101; and on the 17th, 61 verness Courier. THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 25, 1863. MIDDLESEX SESSIONS-Aug. 24. The August adjourned General Sessions of the Peace for the County of Middlesex commenced this morning at the Sessions House, Clerkenwell-green, before Mr. Sergeant Gazelee (who presided for the Assistant-Judge.) Charles M. Kinnell, 2S, described as a merchant, was indicted for stealing 15 sewing-machines, the property of Richard Brickwood Coltman. Mr. Besley conducted the prosecution; the prisoner was defended by Mr. Metcalfe. Mr. Besley, in opening the case, said it was one of steal ing a considerable quantity of sewing -machines from the prosecutor, under circumstances of a somewhat peculiar character. The prisoner had, by false statements and re presentations, obtained these machines from the prosecutor, and instead of using them for the purposes he stated they were for, immediately he got them into his possession he pawned them for a mere trifle. He then called The prosecutor, who stated that ha was a sewing-machine maker, at 24, Brewer-street. In May last he knew the pri soner, and supplied him with 12 sewing-machines, the price of which was £3O, to be paid by a bill. In June he came to him, and expressed his surprise that his credit should be doubted, as he had an account at the Bank of England, and also one at the London and Westminster Bank. He said he should not like to have two sorts of machines, and would, therefore, prefer to have them taken from him ; ho declined the offer to supply them. On the 124th or 26th of June he called again, and said he was very full of work, and had got a contract to do all Messrs. Cope stake, Crampton, Moor, and Co.'s work, that he had a place of business in Bunhill•row, where he should work for the performance of the contract, and that he had a number of girls at work, and took them to learn the art of working at the machines, at from 12s. 6d. each to 158. each. He also said he had another place of work at Kingaland, and he should require 15 more machines as the means of carrying out his contract. Believing his statement to be true, he said be would let him have them, but not upon credit; but as he knew Messrs. Copestake and Co. to be a very eminent firm, and he having given what seemed to be a very good reason, that his object was legitimate, he consented to execute the order. The machines were delivered to him, and a day or two afterwards they were delivered at his plaee of business, 82, Gracechurch-street, by his direc tion. He called at that place by appointment, but the ap• pointment was not kept, and he called there from time to time, but could not find him, but at last he found him at a publichouse and asked for payment, and he promised to pay the following week. He afterwards went to Messrs. Cope stake and Co., and then to the address in Bunhill-row. He ascertained that the prisoner had no contract with Messrs. Copestake and Co., and that he had no place of business in Dunhill-row. He afterwards saw some of the machines at Baker and Robert's, pawnbrokers, and he received about 6 out of the last 15, but never received a farthing from the prisoner. In cross-examinat ion the prosecutor said he had an agent, to whom he had paid £lOO commission for bad debts—no commission on good debts, for he received none. He was ac home in Brewer-street on the day the prisoner called in June and saw and spoke to tho prisoner on that day. Was not aware that Copestak e's put out their work, and that it was sub-let to be done, as they had a factory of their own, There was a man named Parker, but he had not said to him that he would have his money in a criminal if not in a civil court. Parker owed him £250. He entertained a most deadly hatred towards the prisoner, who in collusion with others had so hoodwinked him, and he would admit he was to blame for allowing them to do so, as he had to put his affairs in the Court of Bankruptcy. Re-examined—Made no inquiry until the prisoner had got the machines. He had pupils to teach them the use of the machine about 100 a-year, and never had but ono com plaint, and he at once returned the money. The debts were £1,400, and that was for bad debts contracted by his agent, the prisoner, and other swindlers, a lot of them. The learned Judge asked what he had previously known of the prisoner as to induce him to enter into these dealings. Witness said nothing, but he knew now that he had'been in prison. Tho machines were sold for cash, and he was to have been paid by bill. In further examination, the prosecutor gave his answers in a rather confused manner, which he attributed to illness. He never paid him anything on account of the machines but at a public-house he borrowed os. to lend him to pay for a cab, as he was short of cash. That was not on account of the machines. Prisoner said he would pay him out of the contract he had with Copestake and Company, and that statement, and that about his place in Bunhill- row, alone induced him to let him have the goods. The wife of the prosecutor was then examined, and bore out his evidence as to the understanding :entered into be tween her husband and the prisoner as to the sale of the machines. Helen Coltman, daughter of the prosecutor, said that on the 29th of June the prisoner called and inquired why the machines had not been delivered, and they were delivered subsequently. _ _ _ - - It was then proved that the prisoner employed a porter to take some sewing-machines to a pawnbroker's, in Old street, where he left them, and was paid by the prisoner; and the witness said he could not say whether there was a warehouse at the back of the shop. The pawnbroker's assistants produced tickets of the machines, which it seemed were pawned soon after they were obtaiged. Three were pawned on the 7th of July for £7 ss. The prisoner gave his real name, and the address, Gracechurch-street. The other pawnings were proved. A gentleman from the firm of Copestake and Company proved that the prisoner never had any contract with them, either direct or indirect, but stated that they did put work out occasionally. Thomas llubersty, inspector at the Vine-street Station , took the prisoner into custody there from another officer. Prisoner said he had bought the things of Mr. Coltman. On his person he found a number of duplicates relating to com mon trifling articles pawned for small sums, and dated about the time these machines were obtained. Mr. Metcalfe then addressed the jury in a very able speech, and contended that this prosecution was one of vindictive feeling, prompted no doubt by that feeling of deadly hatred which the prosecutor had candidly confessed he entertained tem t bo o rerae w e;s a ae r ana d banl s the prison er . Th e l earned counsel pointed out dis eleiufenodstrei tedn hadt to,h he not Igov e oth v o i obd d esc e e onnwuc were and could have elhl delivered. complained ys pemrr theeopdvl a. proved d ne other Itt d hw at was sea no person °h uncommonne inquirieswp u rhooswehcear had e thing for a bankrupt, when called upon to explainhis debts, to say that he had been the dupe of swindlers. They were not called, but a prosecution was set in motion to shut their mouths, as they could break up the whole story. The sub stantial answer to this was, that a contract with Messrs. Copestake and Co. was never mentioned at the time, and ho submitted there was not a tittle of evidence to support a charge of felony. The learned Judge having carefully summed, the jury, n r o v u i c s t t i o o o u s l n c 02iety. liedeliberate' sen tenced had had one warnin g , and must stealingle' rte Frederick White,cxk2oß Lank 3_', n of described England for money, the property of John Mliugta, otherw awas securities indicted for naostea,taainlodr, The prisoner pleaded guilty. Mr. F. H. Lewis, for the prisoner, said he would at once admit the fact, for it was indisputable, that he had been pre viously convicted and sentenced, once to seven years' trans portation, and once to six years' penal servitude, besides other minor punishments. On his last conviction he was sent to Gibraltar, and while there, being a practical tailor, he invented and made reversible trousers, for which, when he came to England, he wished to take out a patent, but he had not the means, and through assistance rendered to him by the Convict Aid Society they were exhibited in the Grea Exhibition, and the prisoner as an exhibitor had a free ad -96'41) and while in the building he acted as an interpre ter. Information was, however, sent to the commissioners, and they ordered him to be discharged from the Exhibition altogether. He endeavoured to procure employment but could not, as wherever he went it was bruited about that he was a returned convict, and at length he had no alternative but to return to a course of crime. It was with him a matter of necessity not of choice,and it was hoped that his lordship would see reason to give him another chance. The officer of the House of Correction,C. B. Fields, in at tendance, proved that the prisoner had 3 months in 1849, and 6 months in 1350, In 1850, too, he was tried and ac • quitted, and besides there was no doubt ha had 13 months, but that could not be clearly made out. Sergeant Holmes, F, stated that the prisoner was sen tenced in: this court, in 1352, to 7 years' transportation,and in 1856 to 6 years' servitude. Mr. Orridge said, as allusion had been made to the Com missioners with respect to their d missing such a person as the pt isoner from their building, a man who had been twice sentenced to severe terms of punishment, it was only an act due to themselves and the public. The facts were these : J. Huggett, the City detective, was on duty at the Bank of England, when the prisoner was pointed out to him as a person who had presented for payment a £2O note which had been stopped ;'and on being questioned about it,he said he was a bullion dealer, in King-street, Soho, and that he had given full value for the note in Prussian thalers. The officer then said he should take him into custody to King-street, and upon hearing that the prisoner said that it would be of no use, as he did not live in Soho. He said to the officer, "You had better take the £2O, and let me go. I'll walk beside you, and can get away quietly. and you need take no notice of it; make your own bargain." Huggett said he should do nothing of the kind, and the prisoner then pulled out of his pocket and handed to him a bag, saying, " Well, then, take that." It contained £l2O stock. The statement that he lived in King-street was false, and he refused to give a correct address. The prosecutor was a skin dealer in Crown-court, Soho, and on the evening of Wednesday week he bad a large amount of money in notes, £3lO, with him. a te e g n o n t drunk tcashed a n was at d the b r a o n b k b e i d n . A H p r e i o a t n a cheque d t twa s forsupposed that that the prisoner and some of his companions having ascer tained that he carried this money with him took the oppor tunity afforded by his being drunk to rob him. Mr. Lewis said a great part of the property had been re covered. Huggett—There's about £220 missing, The learned Judge said the Exhibition Commissioners in his opinion did quite right in refusing to allow a person of the prisoner's character to continue in the Exhibition, after they became aware of what that character was. The prisoner begged for another chance. He would have worked honestly and hard for his living, but he could not get employment as it was always "put about" that he had been transported. Lockyer, the gaol officer, said the prisoner was a tailor by trade, and a very excellent workman he was. The learned Judge said the Court had well considered the whole of the circumstances brought under its notice, and the sentence upon him was that he be kept in penal servi tude for the term of four years. John Thomas, 30, labourer, was indicted for embezzling 17s. 6d., the money of Wm. Howard, his master. The prisoner pleaded guilty, and was sentenced to nine months hard labour. Several cases of embezzlement were disposed of in which various punishments were awarded, and it was remarked that such offences were on the increase, and his lordship said they were very serious, and would be punished accordingly. Walter Florence, 30, was indicted for feloniously break ing and entering a certain warehouse with intent to steal certain property therein. The prosecutors were Messrs. Bramston and Co., water proofers, of York-road, King's-cross, and the prisoner was found in their warehouse, having got through a window, the shutter of which was but partly up, and the window &ass broken. The Jury found him Guilty, and he was then charged with two former convictions. Sergeant Gould, 40 N, proved that the prisoner had been sentenced to four and six years' penal servitude. The prisoner said it was false; he never had the four years at all. The officer said that the prisoner persisted in that denial before the magistrate, and in consequence ho had caused the warder who had him in charge to be in attendance. The prisoner was then in the name of Charles Plate, but his real name was Charles Dent. Thos. Charlesworth, the warder, was then called. He said the prisoner was received into Fentonville from Mill bank, and he was there under his charge some months, and he had good reason to know it. The prisoner still denied the conviction. The warder said that there was a mask on one of the pri soner's arms—an indelible one, he believed—and if the pri soner was the man, the mark would be his real name, which was Charles Dent. The prisoner evinced no inclination to bare his arm, and said nothing further. The learned Judge sentenced the prisoner to six years' penal servitude. (Before Mz. Payne.) Wm. Holmes Sumner, 43, clerk, was indicted for fraudu lently obtaining, by false pretences, the sum of ls. from Robert Chambers, the sum of ss. from Charles K. Wild , and the sum of ss. from Robert Marnoch, with intent to de fraud them of the said sums ; also endeavouring, by a false pretence, to obtain money from Robert Prance, with intent to defraud him of the same. The prisoner pleaded Guilty to the whole of the indict ments. Mr. Underdown appeared for the prosecution, and stated that he appeared on behalf the Metropolitan Drinking Fountains Association, upon which a number of frauds had been committed by the prisoner and other persons, by going about to different gentlemen representing that they were authorised to receive subscriptions on behalf of the Drinking been as confinedhavihaving sent onht ishbiniesffrd:ewirfnewinrhwtmcoherainit Fountains Association. In many cases they had succeeded, but he wished it to be made known that no person, with the exception of the secretary and one clerk, holding the autho rity of the secretary, was authorised to receive any subserip tions on the part of the association. James Fryer, officer of the Mendicity Society, said the prisoner had made application to a Miss Porter for subscrip tions. He petitioned the society last February for relief. Mr. Prance, a magistrate, said his servant brought a mes sage to him intimating that prisoner had come from a clergyman in the district soliciting subscriptions on behalf of the Drinking Fountains Association. He mentioned the name of a Mr. Dixon, but knowing that gentleman was out of town he made some further inquiries. He had his sus picions aroused, and told prisoner that if he would accom pany him to the police station and there make his statement clear he would then subscribe to the list he presented. Upon going outside he mentioned at the same time the name of praanothernce) knew gentleman had They walked a short distance, when the prisoner stopped placedan d made the a pocketbookdas hat the pocket conia int ih o ne f gp w trh i i witnes s, e nd s ei scuffle ensued, and witness got the prisoner down upon the pavement and called out to his servants, who came to his t a h ss e i s s t ta a n ti c o e n .. ho A u f s t e c . r some delay hvYrhieehewyseee: edhlistirdo. The book was produced, in Which there were entries of subscriptions for £l3 odd to th 3 Drinking Fountains Asso ciation, and the prisoner remarked that they were all ficti tious and in his own handwriting, Inspector Webb, S division, said he had been engaged in making inquiries in reference to this case, and with respect to the entries in the book, he said there were a number of entries that formed no part of the present indictment. He enumerated several sums set down in the book as subscrip tions, and these were all found to be fictitious. A Miss Robins identified the prisoner as having received money from her, and the secretary would also state that during the last two months £22 Bs. had been received by the prisoner on account of the association, not one farthing of which had been accounted for. Mr. John Lee, secretary to the Drinking Fountains As sociation, said the prisoner had formerly been in their ser vice, but had left about 13 mon th s . H e h a d no au th or i ty to receive these sums, and he was aware that for some time past frauds of this nature had been carried on to a very large extent. • Inspector Webb said that while the prisoner was with a Former employer ho was in the habit of writing begging letters. Mr. Payne said that while the prisoner was in the employ of the association he had taken advantage of the position he vas in to rob the institution. The prisoner seemed to be very bad, for he endeavoured, in the first instance, to obtain money by fraudulent pretences from ➢lr. Prance, and then endeavour to rob him of a book. The prisoner entreated the mercy of the Court on account of his nine children—from twelve years down to a baby eleven months old. Mr. Payne sentenced him to be imprisoned and kept to hard labour in the House of Correction for twelve calendar months. Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur chasing Horniman's pure Tea; very choice at 3s 4d. and 4s. " High Standard "at 4s. 4d. (formerly 48. Bd.), is the strongest and moat delicious imported. Agents in every town supply it in packets. ADVERTISEMENT.]—Avoid medicines: they always aggra vate chronic complaints, but Du Barry's Delicious Health Restoring Revalenta Arabica Food, which saves fifty times its cost in other remedies, invariably cures them, restorng perfect digestion. strong nerves, sound lungs, healthy liver, pure blood, refreshing sleep, functional regularity, and energy 1,, the most disordered cr enfeebled. We extract a few out of 60,000 Cures :—Cure No. 58,216 of the Marchioness de Brdhan, Paris, of a river complainl, wasting away for seven years, debility, with a nervous palpitation all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, the mostiutolerable nervous agitation, and dreadfully low spirited.—Core No. 1,771. Lora Stuart de Decics, Lord Lient. of Waterford, of many years' dyspepsia.—No. 49,832. "Fifty years' indescribable agony front dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, s i c k ness, en d vom iti ng .—Maria J o lly . " —Cu/ e No. 16,270. M r. J ames Ro b er t s , o f Frrmley, Surrey, o f thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derange. ment, and partial deaftress.—Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, cf extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies.—Cure No. 54,816. The Rev. Jas. T. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, "of indigestion and torpi dity 01 the liver, which had restate 1 all medical treatment.' In tins, 1 lb., 2s. 9d. ; 21b., 4s. 6d ; 51b., lls. ; .i2lb:, 228. ; 41b 405.—Barry u Barry and Co., No. 77, Regent-street, London; also Fortnum and Mason ; and all Grocers and Chemists in every town of the United Kingdom. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. SATURDAY REVIEW.—The brilliant assembly at Frankfort has had all the success that might have been expected. Its remoter political consequences cannot be well estimated, but every one is alive to the splendour of the pageant, to the interest excited by so large a gathering of crowned heads, and to the hopes awakened by a liberal and courageous Emperor of Austria solemnly imploring Germany to become, under his auspices, united, powerful, and free. The meeting has been made more harmonious, it less complete, by the absence of fee King of Prussia; and the readiness which almost every other German Prince has displayed to obey the summons of the Emperor proves at once the influ ence of Austria and the general persuasion of Ger man Sovereigns that the Federal Government is something too ridiculous, too lifeless, and too impotent even for Germany. Nor is it easy to see what step could have been taken more likely to lead to real reform. It is true that the political change which has come over Austria is stilt recent, and the statesmen of Vienna can scarcely b 3 prepared to agree to all that the national party asks for. But there must ho a beginning ; and it is a great advantage that there should be a basis of conciliation and agreement between the princes of Germany and the leaders of reform. The Congress that has assembled under the presidency of the Emperor will not have finished its sitting before a very different assembly meets at Frankfort, and the leaders of the party that has proclaimed National Union as its watchword will be gathered there to discuss their policy, arrange their plans, and promulgate their opinions. There is every reason to suppose that they represent the convic tions and wishes of a large portion of the most honest, patriotic, and sensible Germans; but it must be as evident to them as it is to the rest of the world that Germany is not at present prepared to go with them if the princes should offer a determined opposition to their efforts. Hitherto they have been able to count on the support of no prince except the Duke of Saxe•Coburg Gotha, and the eagerness with which that most persevering and ardent of German reformers has favoured the present assemblage of princes may be taken as a proof of his conviction that the cause he has so much at heart will be promoted by the sovereigns meeting the reformers half-way. Had the Emperor of Austria continued to walk in the old ways of Vienna statesmanship, and resisted the movement for national union, nothing but a general revolution, or the convulsion of war, could have brought about such a change as the Liberals desire. The step taken by the Emperor offers an opportu nity for attaining a reform that shall be peaceable instead of violent, and gradual instead of sudden. It is equally obvious that the course taken by the Emperor is far preferable to that said to be advo cated by Prussia. The Cabinet of Berlin affects to ground its unwillingness to join in the present movement on the plea that the changes to be pro posed ought first to have been decided on by Pleni potentiaries from the chief German States. No good could have come from a meeting of this kind, which would not have been acted en by public opinion, which would not have been under the eye of Germany and Europe,and which would only have been a battle -field for the sterile contests of Aus trian and Prussian jealousy. The Emperor, by this formal and public gathering of Princes, and by announcing the necessity of a more free and power ful political system, has given much more tangible and trustworthy hopes of reform. A step has been taken from which it would not be easy to re cede; and if Austria has the honour of taking it alone, that is entirely the fault of Prussia. TIMES.—Few persons anticipated two years ago that the consumption of men would create an earlier difficulty in the American War than the consump tion of money. Such, however, is the fact. The Federal States havei incurred without a murmur a debt of which the annual charge is little less than that of the public debt of Great Britain. They are living,upon a paper currency, and if they have not as yet paid many taxes they have at any rate con sented to the imposition of heavy taxation. But the financial aspect of the war appears to have given them very little concern. Mr. Chase manages the money-market with great dex terity, and as there is no difficulty at present there is but slight anxiety for the future. Far different, however, is the case with the supply of men. So prodigal has been the expenditure of life on both sides, but especially on the part of the North, that the most desperate expedients are now required for the reinforcement of the armies in the field_ Volunteering, Mr. Lincoln himself tells us, is "palpably exhausted," recruits are no longer to be purchased by bounties, and at length a nation which prided itself, above all things, on the military orga- nisation of its willing and independent citizens finds itself reduced, in the third year of a war, to the ne cessity of a conscri2tion, So urgent, in fact, are the needs of the State that the President cannot wait till the arrangements for the draught are properly completed. The Governor of New York writes to him, with a statement demonstrating the unfai r and partial operation of the projected levy in certain districts under his authority. Mr. Lincoln cannot deny that the figures show something wrong ; but he answers that he has no time to rectify them. lie will do the best that he can by and bye, but at present the men must be pressed, enrolled, and sent off to the depots without delay. He does not pretend to deny that even the draught itself may be of questionable legality; but that point, too, must ba left for future decision. At this moment be must have the men. These confessed necessities of the Federals contrast somewhat strangely with the boasts of inexhaustible re sources in which they have indulged, but we can not be surprised at the results. Never, we presume, in the history of civilised nations were men so rapidly consumed as in this civil war. Volunteering was not "exhausted" prematurely. Mr. Lincoln's calls since the spring of 1861 have certainly exceeded one million men. He began with 70,000; he rose pre sently to 700,000; and at very short intervals the de mands were repeated. Unless, indeed, we assume that one man out of every two in the Federal armies has been killed or wounded, we must raise the aggre gate amount of their levies to numbers even greater than we have suggested; for it seems to be beyond question that half a million men, at least, have been placed hors de combat since the war began. In the intercepted correspondence of the Confederates which was brought before our Government by the Federal authorities themselves the losses of the s North are estimated at 349,500. But cthtieel, l s ah wa twelve months ago, and all the carnage of lorsville and Gettysburg, to say nothin g of the incessant drain at Vicksburg, Port ludso Charles ton, and many other points, has to I be brought to account. Less than 500,000 the total can hardly be, and that, indeed, was the computation of our correspondent in the South some six months ago. The losses of the Confederates; e ven at that period, were supposed to be 200,000, 80 that three quarters of a million would be the lowest estimate of the whole cunsumption. let T the reader a n adequate idea of this prodigious drainrea The comparisond er remember o ur own position in the Crime an e war. will be all the easier because the available resources of the two countries are exactly alike.s nearly ne ' s l r 'he United Kingdom co ntains a population as as possible equivalent to that of the Northern and Southern States together—blacks included, so that we had as good a stock to draw u p on as the Americans have had. Oar army before Sebas topol was never, at any one time, 50,000 strong, and yet the 27,000 casualties in that force were eno ugh to throw England into mourning and to reduce the standard of the army for some time. What would have been the case if ten or twenty t i me s that force 'had been in the field ? What w ould have happened if 750,000 British soldiers had been killed or wounded in two years of war ? At this rate of consumption the American War will soon literally become what some of its pro moters desire—a war of extermination. That a hrase is mere hyperbole in European s t or i es, but it will express only the brae truth in America. President Lincoln alleges, as his reason for preci pitating the draught in New York, that President Davis is " driving every able-bodied man he can meet into his ranks," and it is now reported that the South, like the North, is enrolling and arming negroes. We cannot wonder at the resolution, however much we may lament it. At the begin ning of the war the wh o l e w hi te population of the Southern States could hardly have contained more than 1,000,000 or 1,200,000 men of fight ing age. How many deductions mast be made even from these figures before an effective total can be reached we need not say, and yet the South must have already raised at least 500,000 or 609,000 men, of whom 250,000 have fallen. me negroes in the South are just about half as numerous as the whites, so that this expedient will add 50 per cent. to their resources. It shows, however, the desperate nature of the struggle when we see such a measure adopted. Nothing but the very sternest resolution and direst need would have driven the Confederates to this extremity, They are as ready as the Federals to accept " the hitter end." The Noll b, vows that if the South wilt not submit every Southerner shell he slain ; the South answers that rather than sub mit every Southerner will die. We have not laid much stress on those imports of men from Europe of which the North has had the advantage, but the aid from this source cannot have been inconsidera ble. Germans and Irish have been poured into New York along with cannon, rifles, sabres, and stores. Emigration from the 0d World has actually received a strong impulse under the attractions of the war. The Germans, trained soldiers already, accept war as a promising butines=, and hope to rise in a -ervice in which military education is rare. The Trish follow tile invitations of their kindred to a land of high wages, and are overpowered on their arrival by the allurements of the recruiting ser geant. Still emigration can only have supplied a percentage of the hosts which the North has sent into the field. The Southerners complain with great justice that their country is invaded by foreigners, for Irish and Germans hcive formed a conspicuous element in the Federal armies; but the bulk of these must have been naturalised et..mericans, who for all practical purposes were citizens of the Union. It re mains now to be seen what will come of the last ap peal—whether the North will endure the conscrip tion, and with what spirit the conscripts will fight. In the South the conscription has long been in force, and the last resource of the Confederates is shown in the enlistment ofnegroes. In the North there has been no such trial, and Governor Seymour distinctly intimates to the President his opinion that it may be too much for the patience of the people. " I do noc dwell," says he," on what I believe would be the consequence of a violent, harsh policy before the constitutionality of the Act is tested. You can scan the immediate future as well as I." These are ominous words, and they are applied to a State which has hitherto been eminently zealous iu sup plying men for the war. We shall soon learn which of the two is right—Governor Seymour in his de precations of the measure, or President Lincoln in his determination to enforce it at all hazards; but the very occurrence of the difficulty shows the straits to which the Government is reduced. Hitherto the Federals have endured everything for the sake of the war; but they are now called upon for a sacrifice which it is not yet certain they will consent to make. HERALD.—There is one aspect of the Polish in surrection which renders it revolting to the civili sation of Europe and obnoxious to the hopes of liberty. Nothing can excuse the assassinations ordered by the Central Committee, and executed by its agents. Oace for all, every Christian people should aloud refuse their sympathy to any move ment working by means of the dagger. No free constitution was ever founded upon murder. We care not what may be the classic examples. They belong to a Pagan epoch, in which the act of lying pungently," as Douglas Jerrold expressed it, was deemed a virtue. No number of illustra tions can blazon into heroism the secret and cowardly shedding of human blood, whether by a fanatic who chooses to think himself a patriot, or by a desperate emissary, obeying the orders of a sanguinary Vehmgehricht, armed for revolutionary purposes with the stiletto and the cord ; and history will never fulfil its duty until it has made short work with these stealthy butchers, and execrated them, if not out of human memory, at least out of their maudlin and immoral fame. We weigh them all in the same scale—Ravillac with Charlotte Corday, Ilarmodius with John Fenton. They are felons from first to last. The salient voice of Mr. Wilkie Col lins's most popular novel was the apology it implied for an act of private retribution adjudged against Count Font:), and inflicted upon him by a ghostly stabber at midnight on the banks of the Seine. The feeling of Englishmen recoils from the practice, no matter how extenuated. Recapitulate the old sophisms in its behalf, and still the wickedness, the depravity, and the cowardice of. the deed remaiu untouched. A tyrant may, perhaps, stand above the reach of the law which he creates and admi nisters; its provisions ought to apply to him as to others; but no individual subject hss a right to be come the trustee of Divine justice, and pass a sen tence of death to be carried out in the dark by the stroke of a slaughterer's knife. We are not, thank Heaven, a nation of Screvolas. We never were in the worst days gone by. There was in England, when the plot of the Rue Repelletier exp:oded in a shower of murderous grenades at an opera door, a party bitterly hostile to the French Emperor; but to the credit of mankind be it said, that not a re spectable organ of the English press suggested any justification of Orsini and his infamous confederates. These mysterious tribunals, which send men to their coffins by verdicts pronounced in the vaults of re morseless conspiracy, are abominable violations of right, and no perversion of argument upon ethics or equity can by any possibility raise them above the level of the most coarse and common murder. The Marshal of the Nobility of Wilna, within the com pass of the fluctuating Polish insurrection, has just been stabbed, under a condemnation of the Central Committee, or subterranean government of the in surgents, for having signed the address of the local nobility to the Czar. His footman was wounded at the same time—it is feared mortally. This is not the first instance, by scores upon scores, of poli tical assassinations by command of the invisible authority whose decrees convulse Poland, and which employ not only an incendiary, a tax-gatherer, and a trumpeter of revolt, hnt an executioner also. We put it to the respectable representatives of the Polish emigration in London and in Paris, whether they ap prove of these bloody and pusillanimous edicts. Do /hey authorise them? Will they not repudiate and scout them utterly P If they hope to consecrate assas sination as a political necessity, where is the limit to be found ? If the secret stabbings is the forests of Wilna be legitimate, so, possibly, might have been the secret poisonings of the Borgias. We can not draw any line between one class of murders and another, or stamp one set of weapons as nefarious and another as heroic. A poignard hidden under a cloak, and driven into the heart of a surprised and unsuspecting wayfarer or slumberer, is no less de testable and despicable than a phial of Tophana's distilling or a nosegay doctored by Caraffa. There is horror in the racks, pulleys, thumbscrews, scourges, scaffolds, blocks, and gibbets of despotism ; there is terror in the Siberian mine or the oubliette of the Bastille. We may abhor these institutions,. and desire that our fellow-creatures in no part of the world shall long be subject to the caprices and cruelties of irresponsible rulers or their more merci less agents; but the lineage of Cain can never be the liberators of Europe. Intrepid rebellion and open battle may be pleaded for as the last resources of a people made desperate by the misdoings of their rulers ; but when patriotism assumes the black mask, lurks in a dark archway, and steals furtively forth to deal safeiy the blow which is to fulfil the sentence of judgJs securely ensconced abroad, it be comes a crime, an imposture, and a reproach to the cause which it scandalizes and degrades. When Machiavelli recounted the wickedness of Agathocles, of Oliverotto di Fermo, and of Cee tar Borgia, he concluded by dtelarieg that their punishment to he salutary, could only have been legal. The Netriesis that lies in the poisoned chalice, or skulks beneath the assassin's hood, is not m ore mora l th an t h e spolia non of a miser or a burglary in the dwelling of a notorious reprobate. Let the Poles be well assured that their Central Com m itt ee w ill on l y concentrate upon itself the hatred and disgust of Liberal Europe by this mystic dooming to death of men whose acts are offensive t o th e i r nat i ona li ty. I ta l y ga i ne d nothing when " Italian chocolate" was in fashion ; and the ablest writers even of the revolutionary party in France have admitted that her freedom was not advanced by one step, but rather retarded, by the tremendous deeds which, just before the Revolution, were confessed amid the agonies of the Chanibre Ardente. All high-minded Frenchmen despise Cantillon, as all high-minded Ger.nans were anxious to give up to the grasp of the law the miser able murderer of Latour,and as every Italian worthy of the name regrets the slaughter of Rossi at Rome. The massacre of an individual by a mob, or its deputy, is absolutely not more to be justified, upon any pretence whatever, than the firing upon an unarmed multitude by a battalion of soldiers. Haman right and law unequivocally forbid both. POST.—The principle immortalised by the great Olympic bard— ' Aptcrrov Fcev acop has taken root amongst us to an extent which could hardly have been hoped for, under the aus pices of Mr. Samuel Gurney and his " Drinking Fountain Association.' When that refreshing scheme was first started by its benevolent author many persons —not less benevolent, it may be, but less sanguine —smiled at the idea of thirsty souls beicg enticed to pass the" public" or the beershop and to resort to the Pindaric beverage. To the great surprise of the sceptics ; to the infinite gra tification of those who take an interest in the phy sical comfort and moral improvement of the popu lation; and to the mortification, possibly, of pub licans and beer-tap keepers, the lower classes of the community took to tne novel " tap," and untold gallons of water have been consumed by them in all its native purity, without the adulteration ;of either malt or hops. So far the result is highly stitisfectory. It is good to see those structures, the " drinking fountains," some of them elegant—for art has not been lost sight of in the erection of all —besot by crowds of customers, many of whom, there can be no doubt, would, but for the oppor tune supply, have quenched their thirst elsewhere, and retinue(' home with their pockets lightened of the price of a pot of beer. Where, moreover, as is the case in many of the suburban fountains espe cially, provision has thoughtfully been made for conducting the overflow of the basin into a trough below, it is pleasing to see many a panting and weary beast " watinin out its mouth" on a hot summer's day, and not less pleasing to think that it our dogs go mad at all, it will not be for want of a sufficient supply of wat.er always at their command, There is one drawback, however, upon this satis factory result. The drinking fountains have refused to obey the laws of political economy, having seriously infringed the well known rule of demand and supply. There is a large and increasing demand for additional fountains, which the assn_ elation is unable to supply. For even water —to say nothing of the priene cost of each fountain— cannot be supplied for nothing, especially in large towns where drinking fountains are meat wanted. And so it. comes to pass that whilo t; - ,e water in th, fountains of the association is running freely enough, its exchequer is running dry; and unless the vein of public charity will flow more copiously, there is some risk of the fountains running dry also " in the long run." A good word for Pindar and Samuel Gurney seems, therefore, quite in season, especially in this broiling weather. Now, it is some encourage ment to find that a remarkably nice peg to hang that word on has been supplied by an anonymous patron of the limpid stream, in the shape of an offer of one hundred pounds sterling, if by the middle of October contributions to the amount of five hun dred pounds shall come in to meet his donation. Though it is not to be found in the Bible in these very terms, yet we take it that the offer in question is a very suitable text to dilate upon in a homily on the advantages of an abundant and gratuitous sup ply of pure water to thirsty souls. That the drink ing fountains must fall back upon the " voluntary principle" for their support seems tolerably evident. To charge them upon the Consolidated Fund is altogether out of the question. Whatever Mr. Gladstone, the philanthropist, may think of the movement, it is clear that the Chancellor of the Ex chequer cannot do otherwise than frown upon it. To him the growth of habits of sobriety among the people is an object of deep concern in an inverse ratio from what it is to the moralist. And if the effect of the drinking fountains upon the revenue should happen to attract his notice, the association may think itself lucky if he does not clap a stamp upon the goblets, and compel it to take out a drinking license for each fountain. To the benevolent public, there fore, to those who hailed Mr. Gurney's scheme in the first instance, and to those who received it with a benevolent smile, the appeal must be made. It is scarcely conceivable that this appeal should be made in vain ; so numerous, so cogent, so moving are the arguments that may be advanced in its support. To those wbo are not to be touched by any but " sensation" pleas, we may be permitted to suggest how greatly drinking fountains must tend to di minish delirium tremens and hydrophobia, as ugly an alternative as it is possible to hit upon among " the ills that flesh is heir to." To those whom milder persuasives will reach we may point out the fact, universally acknowledged, that drunkenness is one of the most fruitful causes of crime among the lower orders ; and that, therefore, whatever has a tendency to diminish drunkenness will, pro tanto, cause a diminution of crime. Those who look deeper into the sources of human happiness and misery, we may remind that much of the wretchedness observ able in the dwellings of the poor, much of the squalor in which their unhappy children are reared, is owing to the large amount of money spent by the labouring class upon fermented liquors, far beyond the measure of them which may be regarded in the light of wholesome support or beneficial stimulant. We are no advocates for teetotalism or the Maine Liquor Law. We should be sorry to take from a hard-working man his pint, or even his pot, of beer, as part of his daily sustenance. What we contend for is, that his proper allowance of it will do him all the more good if he learns to restrict his use of it to a reasonable quantity at meal time, and beyond that to quench his thirst with a drink of pure water. Othera, again, who think less of the improvement, and care more for the comfort of their fellow-crea ture., may be asked to consider what a boon a drink of fresh, pure water, always accessible, is to the multitudes of men, women, and children who throng our thoroughfares. They may be asked to extend their sympathies to the brute creation, and to share the pleasurable sensations of the horses and dogs, to whom the trough of the drinking fountain proves a Castalian spring. Are all these delectable emotions of human and animal sympathy to be enjoyed for nothing ? Fie upon such selfishness ! Let those who feel their heart warmed by the thought of thousands of throats seasonably, innocently, and gratuitously cooled in this hot weather transmit their tribute of sympathy in the shape of a sove reigu, a five-shilling piece, or a dozen postage stamps, to the office of the Drinking Fountain Asso ciation, at 4, Church -court, Lombard -street, in the consciousness that he has done a good deed. COUNTRY MARKETS. .r. ~. GLOUCESTER—Aro. 22. The show of new English wheat to-day was fair, which was sold at a reduction of 2s per qr. Foreign wheat was much pressed, and. American fully 2s lower. Beans and oats very dull. Barley unaltered. COLCHESTER-AuG. 22. There was a thin attendance to-day, and the supply of wheat was not excessive ; prices must be noted not more than is per qr lower than last week. A few samples of barley on offer, at 32s to 40s per qr. In beans and peas no change in value. Wheat,lwhite. 44s 48s I Beans,Mazagan..33s 38s red ..42s 46s l middle & small.3ss 38s Barley Oats CHELMSFORD—Aua. 21. At this corn exchange to-day there was a fair quantity of new wheat brought in, and in tolerably good condition. Prices may be quoted is to 2s lower. In spring corn • here was no alteration. Wheat, old white 30s 51s 1 Peas, Partridge....37B 405 new 47s 50s White 39s 40s old red....36s 46s Boiling .. 40s 43s new —s —s Dun ..33s 36s Barley 2 4 s 36s Ditto new —s —s Chevalier 2Bs 40s Beans, Tick, old ..348 395 Grinding 22s 31s new..—s —5 Malt.... 61s 67s Harrow Ticks ..353 405 Chevalier 64s 69s new..—s —5 Oats 20$ 28s Mazagan ..... .. 308 38s KIRKCALDY GRAIN—Atm. 22. To-day we had only a moderate supply of wheat, and small supplies of barley and oats. Previous rates were about maintained. No new grain at market. Wheat. Barley. Cats. First .... 33s Od 24s 6d 1 23s ,Od Second ..38s Od 29 s Od 24s Od Third....—s Od —s Od —s Od COAL lk Prices of Coal per Ton a' AItK ET. the close of the market. s. d. Tarlfleld Moor l2 6 lantield Moor Butes 12 6 Eden Main ..16 3 West Hartley l6 0 Wylam 16 6 Buddle'sWest Hartley 16 0 Hastings Hartley l6 0 Cowpen Hartley 16 0 North Pelton Gas 13 3 Davison's West Hart ley 16 0 Lambert's West Hart- Pl. d. Grey's West Hartley.. 43 1 Walls End. Haswell Tunatall East Hartlepool 17 9 South Kelloe.. 16 9 Hough Hall l6 9 Hetton lB 0 South Hetton ...18 0 Stewart's 17 9 Mussel's Hetton 16 9 Braddyll's Hetton 16 9 KeiperGrange 16 3 Framwellgate.. l6 0 Kelloe ;t, 95 ; solJ, 63. ley l6 0 NettlewGrth Primrose 12 6 Carway and Duilryn Malting . l2 0 Ships at mark Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton. ...... Sept. 18. • via Marseilles ......... Sept. 12. Zrazil and Cape Verde, by British packet. ....... S ept. 3. Cape of Good Hope. Ascension, and St. Helena.. Au 29. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton. Sept. 1. via Marseilles ...Aug. 27. Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton Aug. 25. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, viu Southampton Sept. 1 via Marseilles Aug. 27. India (Bombay), via Southampton Aug. 25. via Marseilles tept. 4. Portugal.... Sept. 3. Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Aug. 25. via Marseilles Aug. 27. Newfoundland ..Aug. 19. Oporto and Vigo U. S. and British N. Amo,rica, Ly Brit. packet.... Sept. 2, by U.S. packet.... by Canadian packet.Ang. 28. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe .. Sept. 10. 1 Bahamas, via New York Aug. 27. Mexico ....Aug. ;:8. All parts ali for of ni a .and B Neat lndies,ritih Columbia.. ol including um bia . . Aug. 28....... Peru, Births. COUSINS.—On the 22d inst., at Camden -road Villas, Mrs. Cousins, of a son. FELLOWES.—On the 24th inst., at 48, Upper Harley-et., the wife of gorse() Fellowes, Esq., o f a son. LorroatArt.--On the 24th inst., at BaNun the wife of W o C. Longman, Esq., of a son. , PoLLocK.-0a the 21 st inst., at 21 Montague. place, RUB' , sell, quarc, Mrs. Julius Pollock, of a son. Marriages. HALL—REDTIOUSE.—On the 22d inst., at St Paul's, Herne hill, Dulwich, Edw ar d James Hall, of Laurance Pount ney place, Cannon-street, and Minoriee, city, to Annie, daughter of Joseph Redhouse, of Strawberry-vale, fifth l'inc h loy. RUSSELL—BANYON,—On the 22d inst., at St. Pancras, Euston - road, M r . Ed ward Russell, to Emily, the o nly da , ghter of Mr. Thomas Hubert Banyon, Wharton-at., Lloyd square. Deaths. BA IN.— On the 233 inst.,William Bain, Esq., of 20, Alfred. place, Thurloe-square, Lrompton, aged 53. BURNSIDE.—On the 22d inst,, at the Vicarage, Farning• haw, Kent, the Rev. A. VT. Burnside.. CHA,MBERLAIN.— On the 22d inst., at his :esidence, Bre dicot Court, Worcestershire, Henry Chamberlain, Esq•, aged 74. FOWLER.—On. the, 22d inst., at Hammersmith, Frank Fowler, Esq , aged 30. LAYNG.---On the 20th inst., at Broadstaira, Isabella, Wif e of Edward Layng,, Esq., M.R.C.S. REDDALL.—On the 17th inst., at Woburn, Ann, relict of the late Richard A. Reddall, Esq., aged 91. WAnnEN.--On the 20th inst., at Gering, Sussex, 11 , 11 11 am Newton Warren, Esq., barrister, of Lincoln's-inn, th e second son of the late Augustus Warren, Esq., olShere, Surrey, aged 41. ,_ London : Printed and Published by WILLIA.MANDR I ' /s of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TILE SUN °ince IST°' 112 Strand, in the Precinct of The Savoy, in the County Middleeex.-2:Tweelay, Auguet 25, 1663. • A' of an Pr of \