The Sun. — London, England, 1863-11-16 00:00:00

ELE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA, (From the Correspondent of the Tunes.) NEW YORK, Nov. 3. It n lay appear incredible, but we have up to this moment no intelligence to communicate of the pro- gre.3e of military operations. The experience of the last two years has sufficiently familiarised us with the phenomenon, yet it tasks all our powers of com prehension to realise the fact that some of the v,reatest armies the world ever mustered, stirred by ,the most intense feelings of Cain-like animosity the ?human heart ever harboured, under the most auspi. cious circumstances of bright, bracing, inspiriting weather, should run on week after week, month after month, so close to each other that the pickets on one side fling "chaff," when they do not pop lead at the sentries of the other ; and yet the news from beginning to end of a whole autumn season should be no news. The summary of one week's information reads like a parody and, a mockery, rather than a repeti tion of the foregoing one. " All is quiet in the army of the Potomac." " Sumter has undergone from the Union batteries the heaviest bombardment that ever took place. From sundown on Wednesday till sun down on Thursday the Federals fired 1,200 shots from 15-inch mortars and 300-pounder Parrots." "They might as well have fired at the moon. The enemy gave back noise for all this noise. The rebel loss is seven wounded." From Tennessee the bulletins are even more fiat, stale, and unprofitable. General Thomas nevertatreosf of exalting the heroism of the victors.titees, took the figh many prisoners, 28th. " General Hooker," h prisoners, among whom were feouwrrolfficers and 14 men." The rest must have been cattle. Hooker him self had 350 officers and men dead and wounded. Gen, Grant had reached the camp at Chattanooga, where "since the bloody battle on the Chickamauga, the army had settled down .. in the usual quiet of camp life." Some way, it is generally felt, must be found to break this dead lock. Bragg must be evicted from his present position. This is the busi ness of General Grant ;" but he takes his time about it like his predecessors. Complaints are raised by peo ple competent to form a judgment on such matters that the Federals are leaving too many troops in their rear. "It is held to be necessary to guard strongly all roads, and to garrison all towns. An immense army is held between Nashville and Louisville. In those cities themselves the military authority is omnipresent. The streets are swarm ing with soldiers, the military hand is everywhere." From these statements we may gather-1, That the position of the army of the Cumberland is yet in secure; 2, that:rebel guerillas overrun the land in every directi on , gathering together, somet i mes, when strengthened by Bragg's cavalry, into bands several thous an d s strong; 3 , t h at th e a ll eg i a nc e of Tennessee and Kentucky, even in the largent centres of population, is not to be relied upon. This is election day in New York. We learn it from the newspapers, for otherwise one would not be made aware of the fact by any unusual stir per ceptible in the town. The truth is, these State elec tions. have been not inaptly compared to those "scrub races with knock-kneed, broken-winded screws with which the multitude are entertained, while their betters are making ready for great sweepstakes." No popular vote of importance will be elic:,ted in America, till the time comes for the Presie,ential election, a year hence. Go vernor Seymour has been " stumping " at Utica, at Rochester, and on Saturday evening at the. Cooper Institute in this city. It is difficult to, dislike Mr. Seymour, for he is a gentle, amiable man, or to withhold one's esteem from him, for he is well-meaning and honourable—though he is reviled by his adversaries in downright American fashion as if he were a common pickpocket. But, whatever regard one may have for the man, it is difficult to deny that, as a politician, he is in a false position. No one can dwell at greater length on the horrors of the American civil war, no one can with greater minuteness enumerate the evil it inflicts npon the country. "The President," he informs us, " has in progress of this war demanded a total of two millions of men ; he asks for eOO,OOO more—more than 1,400,000 have already gone forth to the battlefield." " Experience has shown," he continues, " that every year wastes one-half of our armies. If it now numbers 700,000 men, each day diminishes its number by 1,000." To carry on this mur.erous war the country is " burdened with a debt, which is variously estimated to be from I 1,500,000,000 dols. to 2,000,000,000 dole.. ;" and so he goes on, talking of "inevitable bankruptcy, national ruin, social anarchy, and disorder." But, when he has said all this, could any man believe that he ends by declaring that " he is in favour of a vigorous prosecution of the war ?" He is as willing to "put forth the exertion of every material power" as any one of his opponents. Only, while the Re publicans wish to employ " force, force alone," he is disposed to " superadd the power of conciliation." What cannot be achieved by subjugation he would hope to effect by compromise. This is, and ever will be, the stumbling-block for these amiable Union-Democrats. They agree with the Republicans that " the Union must be saved," that " the Constitution must be upheld." Were they to come into power to-morrow, they would con- Bider themselves bound to carry on the war—nay, to push it on with still greater vigour, but they would give the Southerners to understand that they wish e d f or p e ac e ; that they would make peace with Ile " on any terms that might save the Union "" uphold the Constitution. This presupposes, of etmvi e, that there is a corresponding dispo mr."slo reconciliation and reunion in the South. thousanrur tells us " there are hundreds and believes r Unionists at the South ; nay, more, he that people, if thaet this hoer a majority of the Southern folds of this Uni y on, return once again within the by its Constitatien, and feel themselves protected ° l3 , 7ould again come back to their This allegiance." Jr.Whoconceit of a ma n Seymour's opinion, the vial business, and hues in Albany, deep in offi more about the South th a n what he learn s h o ß ro 'l hearsay, etusay. But, place him to-morrow at the head 01 the Government, invest him, not only with the President's di c tator's powers, and What but with all a would he do ? What Wo uld he do if he found that the s would hear nothing of conciliation or Compromises auke but 7 insisted all probability, on separation from the abhorred the Republican answer to all Mr. sem° This is • and since, in 11 ! s speci ous arguments , they Opposi t i on would get say, the of the P r esent Ad sefape of this war any sooner than the ministration With all the pe?Fle.'safor.ces, as it only can best be secured by undivid, 1 l e lr. Sestina% It i s very possible, indeed, that, long as his Fernando was, it did not convey the whole friendsoYf thilet'aoSrpaeteoerh' mind. It is possible that, lik e Wood and Vallandighaml t h e Governor of New York cares less for the Unio n and the Constitution than for peace, and that, where c onciliation might be found impracticable, he wou ld not s h r ink from that separation ; but, were it so, it would prove s trong, or either his character is not sufficiently that the time has not yet come for him to be out that for spoken on this subject. The hour and the man that object may, perhaps, never come. The longer I live among these Americans the stronger I feel the conviction growing upon me that it is neither power of elcquence nor prestige of authority that can move them out of their fond conceit of national Union. They must have their country, their continent, their world all to themselves. They will make one attained so long as such an object can be by " the expenditure of the last dollar, o r the sacrifice of the last man." They are a b oast i ng, vainglorious race, and delight in hyperb o l e; but in this matter of the Union I believe they ar e mainly in earnest. They will not go forth themselves as fightinglong men so as con scripts can buy su b stitutes, and natives d can bribe foreigners, and whites can impress 6rB n o As w ith all commercial and industrial people, they will fi g ht with gold (or paper) rather than iron-; but w ill not give up th e desperate strife ; a n d they will side w i th they g a me Without a stu bborn, those, no matter bow ruthless on and fanatical, wh o are " la the least likely to y hands Plough and look bzckward," ostracising the Peace-anall-price poli ticians of the Vallandigham school, and sneering at Seymour and his milk and-water Peace.u n i on and conciliation theories. There is, in the meanwhile, no lack of efforts made to minister fresh stimulus to the innate san- guineness and endurance of these stiff-necked Yankees. The papers here incessantly , eat that " the suppression of the forces of the 1.21 ellion can and should be completed within the next six months." It is difficult to guess wio, re the fools deceived by these mad predictions. Privately, no one dares to assert that the war will end at the close of three or 36 years. Again, there is no end of crowing at some alleged improvement in the state of the national finances. " Within seven months," we are told, ~ the people of the North have subscribed and pa id for at par b o nds." The over 330,000,000 dols. of six per cent . amount of 5-20 bonds taken by the people in the course of last week was over 3060,00000,000d0015. dolosf. such bonds Saturday and Friday alone 23,0 1 bonds were taken. This is hailed by many as a proof of the people's confidence in the Government and faith in the destinies of the country. The Opposition, however, sees little reason to congratulate the Go vernment on the results of these operations. " A great parade is made of the stock sold," they say, 4, b u t little is said of the certificates paid ; 30,000,000 dole. of 5.20 bonds at 6 per cent. were sold by the Treasury, but as large a sum of certificates at 5 per eert. was sold ; and 35,000,000 dols. of 6 per cent. certificates of in actually, rtin g ve p ry ap l e i r t , ti o e n m w o h ne ic y h . it The proce is simply debtedness are maturing. Th e G overnment rea li ses , pays 5 per rcen cent. in con v e , greeeenbacko_as,lini.te.,oother paper, on which it pays 6 per ' at gold—i.e., at the present state of gold 9 per cent. The necessity of issuing more paper money is not removed thereby. In fact, the opera tion is one to pat more paper in the market, after the conversions which have been effected. IVithout presuming to enter into the merits of this financial question, which seems to me to puzzle Americans even more than strangers, there is no doubt but the "inflation of the currency," as they love to call it—the rise in the premium of gold and in the price of all commodities—is severely felt by the lo west classes; labour is not to be procured on any terms, and there are incessant strikes among mechanics of every description. These Northerners console themselves with the assurance that their enemies are worse off than themselves. " Mr. Memminger," say the Confedercite journals, " still grinds out, night and day, currency of which it takes five dollars to buy a pound of pork, and one dollar to buy a pound of flour." The Northerners repeat these statements, and fancy they can easily reconcile themselves to gold at 1461 when they hear that at Richmond "it takes 12 dollars of paper to buy one dollar in gold." No doubt it will take time to break down the almost boundless prosperity of the North, and the ruin of the South is daily being accomplished. But the North should consider that the Confederates are fighting for dear life ; that any amount of sacrifice is cheerfully made if thereby the great object can be accomplished; and if that object is frustrated, the bankruptcy of the South will fall with all its weight on the victorious North, and it will be a consolation, however meagre, for the Southerners that their country should fall as utterly ruined, de solate and worthless, a prey into the hands of its conquerors, as the despair of its defenders could contrive to make it. The Democrats are very indignant against the Government for sending home thousands of soldiers that they might vote in this day's election. Over 4,000 of these transportation tickets were received at one single office in Washington on Saturday last. From 20,000 to 30,000 men are said to have left Meade's army on a ten days' leave of absence. The complaint of the men in opposition is chiefly that the public money has been squandered in the interest of one party, as the soldiers to whom furloughs have been granted were all declared Republicans, while the Democrats sued in vain for leave of absence. They protest, besides, that by thinning the ranks of the combatants the position of the army is impe rilled, as it was at the time cf the Pennsylvania election, when, owing to the same cause, Lee was enabled to drive upMeade to the defences of Wash ington. " What," they say, " if Lee should happen to be particularly anxious for battle during these days 9—he must be at the trouble to seek the Army of the Potomac at New York." Several persons have been arrested at Columbus, Ohio, charged with a " diabolical plot to upset the Government of the State, or, at least, to release the State or war prisoners, more than 3,000 of whom were confined at Camp Chase and in the Columbus Penitentiary. Among these is the famous John Morgan. The liberated captives were to cross the Ohio River at Maysville, probably to initiate a gue rilla warfare in the rear of the Army of the Cum berland. The whole charge rests on the assertion that one of the alleged conspirators had supplied the money for the purchase of axes and chloro form. The persons arrested are Mr. Cathcart, late School Commissioner, Mr. Crisop, Mr. Slade, and Dr. Gazelle (obscure persons, but suspected of Copperhead tendencies), and two washerwomen, Mrs. Parmenter and Mrs. M'Donald, who had busines at Newport, a suburb of Cincinnati on the Kentucky side of the Ohio, and are supposed to have been the bearers of treasonable correspondence The prisoners have been admitted to bail on 10 ,000 dols. securities each, and have retained as their counsel the Hon. George Pugh, late Democratic candidate for the Lieutenant-Governorship of the State, and the most eloquent barrister in Cincinnati. Nov. 4. No news of deeds of arms to-day, but only the anticipation, vain and vague as usual, of something that may come to pass to-morrow. The results of the elections were such as all sensible persons anti cipated. According to the returns of the Democrats themselves,the Administration has obtained a majo rity of more than 15,000 votes in the State of New York. The city itself, though it still gave the De mocrats an absolute majority of 21,000 has fallen short by 10,000 of the majority by which Governor Seymour was elected last year. There is no doubt but the success of the Republicans has been equally great in Massachusetts, Illinois, Wisconsin, Min nesota, Michigan, Missouri, and Kansas, where partial elections came off also yesterday, everywhere with the best order and calmness; indeed, with an apathy which naturally sprang from security on the part of that party which has actually achieved the victory. The peace-at-any price men have gone to the wall, with Fernando Wood and Vallandigham. The war-with-conciliation men have followed them, with Seymour and his friends. It will take no small amount of adversity to sober these Yankees ; still, no one can predict what would happen were the Southerners to hold out in their present posi don till the next Presidential election. Prophetic Vision of the American War. That deep thinker, and philosophic, though some wha wows Ywriter, S. T. Coleridge, 30 years ago wrote as fol. wis to friend : N o " r e th a u eru the reej o e u r t b h ean ' January Union will be ern sha ken almost to dislocation whenever a very serious question. bet ween the States ar i ses . Th e American y States thorough P It natural think not. t. f u n o 4n, 1833. h of tth Union has no emtre, and it is impossible now to make one, The more they extend their borders into the Indians' land th e weaker will the national cohesion be. But I look upon the States as Splendid masses to be used by and bye, in the , comp osition of two o r three great governments. and thereby forces " S T. C.'' lc When New England, which " April . lo, 1833 desire or in itself, taxes the admissio n of may foreignbeconsidered a Sta . te of the order to cherish manufactures of iow tcabniguhfaerctpurrieese,init the Carolinians, another State of itself, little intercommunication, which. h a : vil lio t il which there is interest to serve, to buy worse articles at a Z eh is, in fact, downright tyranny of the Worst most sordid, kind. What would you think o r a an i s° should tax every person in Dovonshiro for the a i . o : Nvbich benefit of every person in Yorkshire? And yet that feeble image of the actual usurpation of the New Englandi deputies over the property of the Southern States. c.,, THE WAR HAS COST THE AMERICAN GOVERN MENT about £150,000,000 a year; at least, the official statement of the indebtedness of the Union on Ist May, 1863, was 964,000,000 dollars, and is for Ist Septem ber 1,228,000,000 dollars, an increase of £13,200,000 a month. Taking the dollar at a fifth of a pound, which is very . nearly its value, the debt is now (November I st) .t 260,000,000, and the liabilities perhaps £10,000,000 more, or £ 3 00,000,000 in all. By this time next year it will be 4150,000,000. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 16, 1863. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. MADRAS. meeting of this comp an y was h e ld on Friday h ya aif ttL ealY London Tavern ; Lieut.-General D. Sim in the chair. . . _ — The report, an abstract of which has appeared in The Sun, was taken as read. The CITAIRMAN, in moving the adoption of the report, said the railway consisted of two separate lines—namely, the South-West and North- West lines. The South-West line commenced at Madras, on the east coast, and crossing the peninsula by the towns of Arcot, Vellore, Salem, and Coim batore, terminated at Beypoor, on the Malabar, or west coast. The trunk li ne f rom M a d ras t o B eypoor was 406 miles in length; it commenced into 1852, and opened for traffic in May, 1862. In addition to the trunk line there was a branch to Bangalore, 84 miles in length, making the total length 490 miles. About three-fourths of the decayed wooden sleepers between Madras and Godavery river, a dis tance of 245 miles, had been replaced by iron sleepers,which had increased their expenses ; but those expenses would be compensated by the solidity of the line, and the diminution in the cost of maintenance. The works had progressed satisfactorily on the Bangalore branch line during the past half-year, The chief difficulty and delay in the construc tion of this branch had been caused by the rocky and hilly ascent to the table-land of Mysore, in the course of which large quantities of rock had to be removed and deep cuttings excavated. Those difficulties were very much increased by the unhealthiness of those particular places. They had, however, overcome those difficulties, and the remainder of the line would be completed as fast as the materials for the permanent way could be delivered. The Bangalore branch would be completed by the middle of next year, and would conaect the main line with the large and populous city of Mysore, an emporium of trade and manufactures, and the largest military station in the south of India. It was ex pected that this branch would bring a large accession of traffic to the main line. The North-West line commenced also at Madras, passing over the south-west or main line to Arconum, where it diverged to Cuddapa, Gooty, and Bel lary, the original intention being to continue it to Moodgul and on to the Nizam country, where it was to form a junc tion with the Great Indian Peninsula Railway. It had since been proposed that, instead of making the line to Moodgul, it should be carried to Hyderabad, and there form a junc tion with the Great Indian Peninsula Railway. The ques tion was now before the local Government, and would be decided by them. The works in the meantime were being carried on to Bellary; the great obstacle to the construction of the North-West line was the unhealthy ascent from the lower country into the district of Cuddapa. lle believed the line up this ascent had just been completed, and he had no doubt the trains were passing over it by this time. It was expected that this line would be completed for a distance of 66 miles from Arconum in the early part of next year. The traffic had been fully stated in the report, and he thought the results were satisfactory. The increase in the passenger traffic during the past half-year had been 12 per cent., and in the goods traffic 24 per cent. on the main line. The increase in the receipts had been £16,400 over those of the preceding half-year. The increase in the traffic on the 41 miles of the North-West line had been about 96 per cent. as compared with the corresponding period of last year. The increase in the expenses had been caused chiefly by re placing the wooden sleepers with iron ones, but that would cease when the operation was completed. The sunstitution of wood for coal and coke in their engines would effect a saving of 50 per cent. in the item of fuel. They proposed to raise additional capital to the amount of £1,000,000. They had already raised £5,000,000 on shares and £2,000,000 on debentures, making £7,003,000. There was a sum of about £400,000 in the hands of the Government, which would probably be sufficient for the next six months to carry on the works. Mr. ARBUTHNOT seconded the motion for the adoption of the report. In reply to questions it was stated that the amount ex pended on works which were at present unproductive was £3,000,000. The working expenses on the main line were 54 per cent., and on the North-West line 40 per cent. of the gross receipts. The bridge on the main line near Beypoor, which had been accidentally swept away by a flood, was only 30ft span; but the bridge built in place of it was erected on screw piles, and had openings of 200 ft, so that there was no probability of such an accident again happening at that place. Resolutions were passed adopting the report and autho rising the directors to raise additional capital to the amount of £1,000,000 under a guarantee of 5 per cent. A vote of thanks to the chairman and directors concluded the proceedings. THE KING OF GREECE. The following is an extract from a letter dated Athens, Nov. 6 :—I meant to write last week, but as we were in all the excitement of the new King's arrival, I thought I would wait until that great event was over, as it will, per haps, amuse you to hear how it all passed. From the mo ment the telegram came to say he was on board the Hellas, and fairly sailed from Toulon, all the inhabitants of Athens lost the little good sense nature has gifted them with, and went stark mad. The town was full of strangers, come from Turkey, Egypt, the lonian Islands, &c., with the usual portion of English tourists—more than 30,000 it is said. Of course, though ho had been expected and hoped for for nearly a year, nothing was ready. I met the Demarque rushing frantically through the town to find linen to make his sheets, and mattresses for his bed, and a carriage and horses to bring him up from the Pirmus. However, by the time he did at last land all was in perfect order. You cannot think how pretty the town looked—all the balconies and Shops were decked with flags, Turkish shawls, brocades and myrtle and laurel in profusion, with a picture of his Majesty of some kind or other on every house, strings of coloured Chinese lanterns all across the streets, and lots of triumphal arches, and over all the glorious blue sky and bright sunshine of Greece. He was received at the Pirmus by a Royal salute of 101 guns from 11 vessels of different nations in the harbour, the usual speeches, charity school hymns, &c., and then nearly all the inhabitants of the Piraeus ran alongside of his carriage up to Athens, shouting " Zeto," and tossing their fear in the air, and looking very picturesque with all their different costumes. He came into Athens by the new entrance, which strikes off near the Temple of Theseus, and comes by a wide, hand some street to the new Place de la Condoide, opposite M. Domando's house, which is now the bank; thence along the Rue d' Elole, and up the Rue d'Hermes to the new cathedral, where there was a Ts Deum sung ; from there to the square before the Palace (where we were otationed on a balcony), and from there up to the Palace, where he showed himself on the balcony, good-naturedly standing on a chair that he might be well eon over the heads of all his entourage. You cannot conceive the enthusiasm and ex citement of the people, who, after all, are just grown-up children ; but I think it is much to their credit that, in spite of all their crowding to get a sight of him, there was not a single accklent or quarrel, and, still more wonderful, not one gun fired, as Mr. Scariett had told the authorities that he was sure the young king would not relish that mode of rejoicing. In the evening there was a general illumina tion, which, with the help of the gay decorations, was really very presentable, and as it was a lovely evening the whole world walked about half the night. To be sure, the mise en scene is a great help to all fetes, with the Acropolis for back ground ; and the beautiful marble columns of the temples, lighted up with an illumination look grand. The next morn ing he was walking about seeing all the antiquities, and in the evening there were fireworks at the Temple of Jupiter, at which about 60,000 people attended, and which the chil dren, who were there too, thought the most beautiful thing that ever was seen. The first act of authority of the new King was to order the throne which had been erected for him in the cathedral to be taken down, to request the people not to shout " Zeto" in the church, and to desire that the soldiers should never enter the church with their arms. On the Saturday he went to the National Assembly and took the oaths (in Greek), in the evening there was a great dinner at the Palace, and on Sunday morning he walked down to the Greek church, accompanied by one aide-de-camp, and attended the service, which raised the enthusiasm at least 100 per cent. He walks about all over the town in the most free and easy manner, and takes every occasion of recommending simplicity and economy. When Haydi Petro was presented to him, covered with gold embroidery (and coming, of course, to ask for a place), the King asked him if there were any gold mines in his province, and then told him that he thought the money thrown away which was spent in adorning one's person, &c. Of course, we cannot judge yet of what sort of a king he will be, but he has at least had the tact to debuter very well, Count Sponneck seems a very clever, decided sort of person, too, eo that I really think it promises well. They are busy now cooking a new Ministry, which is no easy task. Charles Soutyo has been named Marechal de Palais, and permission given to all King Otho's household, which had been exiled, to return to Athens whenever they like, as the King said he did not consider it at all just that any one should be persecuted for having shown himself faithful to his King. Next week he goes to Corfu to take possession of the Seven Islands, and I hear there are great prepara tions making there too for his reception. Among others it was said that seven young ladies, to represent the Seven Islands, were to row him to shore, singing the national hymn ; but I hear he hinted that he would greatly prefer listening to the young ladies on dry land, and being rowed by English sailors. We have had beautiful weather ever since he came, and though we are nearly dying of thirst for want of water, as it has not rained for nine months, no body complains." The American Crocodile at the Zoological Gardens. Mr. F. Buckland in a letter to the Field, says : "In the last Fkld I described this new arrival at the Gardens, I have since communicated with Dr. P. L. Sclater, secretary of the Zcological Society, on the subject, _ _ . who has been kind enough to place in my hands the follow a r r ing lively account of the capture of this animal, extracted from aletter y th (corresponding LemaEt br o voyage I instructed a friend of mine to purchase a large specim en o f a ca irn in for me, the p r ic e not to exceed 100 doll, (all charges included). Two Indians offered to get consequently I only paid the expenses, A smart active half-bred, one for me, which they captured in the Deeke and brought dead named by myself Jacare' (a noted caiman hunter), agreed to procure one to supply the place of those e,t the society) addressed to Dr, Gray . l‘ Sclater, which were defunct. In five days on my return to Car thagena from Vanta Marta, I was visited by a friend, who told me Jacare had turned a large alligator (caiman he nervous ys m hea a nop k rtp e nrt yoo h a an a vte s d: htei afraid barkedf and rcat ledea rof h bci et like vaa. meant) into his court-yard that morning, and would e sc A t aa. t km t e l r toa despatching t e eia m ffmspia v ntn e y d db owt perfecthti m lt i eh s s y h, official oesmael i ta f h e ,sv: h b rins u e gkd t i duties I w and lacerating his tail thereby, but slightly. "I ordered a cedar-wood box to be made for his enclosure by 4 p.m. the next day (at any reasonable price). At the appointed time for its readiness, I was shown a huge sar cophagus, which I atoncereduced myself, doffing my jacket to the labour, much to the surprise of the dozen carpenters who were too self-opinionated, even had they understood (much more) my mongrel articulation of their language. This done, I made them hammer it together firmly, fix nails ready for the cover, and march off with it to the court yard of my friend's residence. " Now for the scrimmage I We discovered on cpening the gates of the cell in the court-yard, where he lurked im mured, that he had grown savage and surly in captivity, and determined upon resistance. I had invited a few of my immediate friends inside from the cuff cation of the fancy coloured mob outside who crowded at the street doors ; but they soon wero scared with one or two exceptions,and those elevated themselves on tubs and other conveniences out of his reach, in case he broke from the rope which secured him by the tail; but seeing this pretty safe they at length came to assist in the capture, which was not effected until the strength and patience of all were nigh exhausted. lie couched himself open-mouthed, and floundered like a shark in our attempts to drop the noose round his jaws, that we might lay hold of him fearlessly, banging in the panels of the doors with his firm tail, and again getting among the bottles, which he whisked right and left. Jacare, in the most courageous and sang froid style, seated himself on the reptile's back to bind the snout more securely, and then, with the assistance of myself and colleagues, lifted him into his ' coffin of a crib,' which I took the precaution to bed with rushes that he might wallow on through the tropics, and which at the same time would provide against the colder passage of the Channel. Sliding the lid on about three..quarters, we were enabled to relieve him of his fetters and lot his jaws at liberty ; then sliding the cover the whole length, le avin g a trap-door through which, during the voyage, we might note the welfare of the reptile. We proceeded with our menagerie, hoisted on a mule cart, in triumph to the wharf, followed by a motley mole of llispano-Indian juveniles, and adults of both sexes, yelling and screaming in the zenith of their glee. Here, on our arrival, we shippe d him in a canoe hired for the oc casion ; the next sensation scene being the arrival alongside, the crew suspecting, from the size and shape of the pack age, it was some Imperial soulless body homeward bound." The creature is now in the gardens, and apparently in good health, he is about eight feet long. lam glad that I expressed my doubts in my last as to this boast being a true alligator, for Dr. Sclater tells me that this specimen is the American crocodile (Crocodiles Americtnus), and not the alligator. There is a very old joke that the difference between a crocodile and an alligator is "the same as be tween a solicitor and an attorney." The real zoological difference between the alligator and the crocodile is, that in the former the lower canine teeth fit into a hollow or pit in the upper jaw made for its reception, whereas in the latter these same canine teeth project on the outside, as w e see sometimes the case in bulldogs. There is also a difference in the toes—the crocodile having webs to his toes, the alliga tor's toes being only partly webbed, and the outer toe being free, like a bird's claw. In America the terms alligator and crocodile are in ordinary parlance, I believe, applied indis er iminatelspecies. to both to the re- Major. Genera'.As e G e l o e r d g e o B u r e l e e a r . h t a o s s a u ti c e t i e c e i d p e a d t e, giment vacant by the decease of General Roderick Macneil. The transfer of Sir Patrick Grant from the 104th to the 78th Highlanders, furnishes the first instance of an. Indian officer becoming colonel of an old Line regiment. Some financial details in connection with the transfer have been arranged, but beyond this there is nothing in the change which does not follow as a natural consequence of the amalgamation of the Indian with the Imperial forces. The old Line officers have nothing to complain of, inasmuch as one of their own body i s provided for iu the person of General Bell; and the 78th will not feel otherwise than pleased at having a a now chief who is so closely identified with the nationality whose fame they so admirably sus tain,—.Army aid .Nary Gazette, WEST RIDING AND GRIMSBY. The half yearly meeting of this company was hell at Wakefield on Wednesday—Mr R. Winn in the chair. The CHAIRMAN moved the adoption of the report, which stated that considerable progress had been made with the line, especially with the heavier portions. All the shares in the company had been allotted, and it was proposed to make a further call of 20s or 305 per share in the course of the ensuing year. The chairman said that the directors had every reason to believe that the line would be finished by the beginning of the year 1865. The land for the main line between Wakefield and Barmby Dun had all been purchased, and, with trifling exceptions, had been placed in the hands of the contractors. Land for the Doncaster branch was not purchased, for as the works of that line were of a light cha racter, the same necessity did not exist to push them for ward as existed on the other part of the line. The directors proposed to have another call in the month of January, and perhaps one during next year, after that they believed they would not agailt have to call upon the shareholders. The lion. W. EDEN seconded the adoption of the report, and the motion was agreed to. A motion for holding the half yearly meetings of the company in the months of February and August was then agreed to, and the proceedings closed with a vote of thanks to the chairman. SOUTH EASTERN. The gross traffic receipts on this company's line for the four weeks ending Oct. 24 amounted to £100,505, from which was deducted £2,998 for collecting and delivering goods, &c., leaving £97,507. To this was added £1,538 for rents and sundries, and £5, 160 for steampacket service, mak ing the total receipts £104,205. From this was deducted for expenses £14,925, including rates, taxes, tolls, Government duty, and expenses of steampacket service, leaving £59,253. The total receipts for the 12 weeks and one day ending as above amounted to £352,469, and the expenditure to £134,286, /caving a net sum of £218,183. EAST NORFOLK. On Saturday a meeting, influentially attended, was held at Norwich for the purpose of promoting this project, which has received the support of Lord Wodehouse, Lord Suffield, Sir Jacob Preston and other landowners in the parishes pro. posed to be traversed. The line is to commence at Thorpe, near Norwich, and run to North Walsham. It is proposed, to construct a branch to Aylsham ; and powers are also to be sought for carrying an extension from North Walsham to Cromer; also to authorise the Great Eastern to subscribe to the undertaking, as well as to work the line and branches when completed. KNOTT END, FLEETWOOD, AND GARSTANG. A meeting of landowners and others interested in the foundation of this line was held on Thursday at Garstang to consider the propriety of applying to Parliament for powers to construct a railway from Knott End, near Fleet wood, to the Garstang station, to the Lancaster and Preston Railway. The length of the proposed line will be 10i miles. The estimated cost of the line was £60,000 miles. On the motion of Mr. HALL, seconded by Mr. BENNETT, a resolution approving the scheme was adopted. SOLWAY. Notice of application to Parliament has been given for constructing a railway across the Solway Frith, to com mence by a junction with the Caledonian railway, near the Kirtle-bridge station, passing across the Solway Frith by a bridge from Soafield Point to the Cumberland side of the Frith, near Bo wness, thence to a junction with the Maryport and Carlisle railway, about ten miles from Maryport. Also another line connecting the Solway railway with the Annan Waterfoot on the Scotch side ; and on the Cumberland side a branch is projected to connect it with the Port Carlisle railway, and another connecting it with the Silloth and Carlisle railway at a point between Abbey Holme and Kirk bride VICTORIAN. The traffic receipts on the Victorian Government railways amounted, from the Ist of January to the 13th of August, on 196 miles of line to £272,912, or £1,392, and for the corresponding period of 1862, on 151 miles, to £150,823, or £999 per mile, showing an increase of £122,089, DEMERARA, The traffic receipts on this company's line for the fort night ending the 17th of October amounted to 3,386 dole., and for the corresponding period of last year to 3,965 dole., showing a decrease of 579 dots. GREAT WESTERN OF CANADA. It appears that the loss on exchange by the conversion of American money received for the carriage of through traffic from the commencement of the current half-year to 31st October amounted to 53,342 dole. 90c., and at that date there was a further sum of American funds still re maining to be converted of 34,604 dols. • E A DvswrisEmENT.l—Holloway's Ointment and Pills.— Increa..ing Mortality: When the dangers from diarrhcoa are so g reat and appalling as the weekly death list shows them to be at present, it behoves every mother and nurse to know t h at this Ointment rubbed upon the belly, aided by moderate does of Holloway's Pills, proves the most simple, harmless, and effective remedy. Thousands of children have been instantaneously eased and ultimately saved by rubbing this antidotal ointment twice or three times a day upon the abdomen after it has been fomented with warm water. This course is ,the most practical in children's bowel complaints, where there is a difficulty in administering internal medicines; and this treatment suc ceeds where. sedatives and ast r i ngents have been fruitlessly prescribed. SPIRIT OP TEE PURLIO JOURNALS, SATURDAY REVlEW.—Englishmen have no right to censure thus far the policy of the Emperor of the French with respect to Poland. It is not altogether improbable that he may be more willing than his allies to engage in the dangerous enterprise of a Russian war. It may also be assumed that, in a general readjustment of Europe, he would desire to gratify his own ambition and the vanity of his sub jects by annexing to France the portion of Germany which lies on the left bank of the Rhine; and the territorial aggrandisement of a great military Power and the dismemberment of an inoffensive Federa tion are projects which English politicians justly regard as iniquitous and inadmissible. But a de sign which is not avowed, and possibly not con templated, can furnish no ground of remonstrance. The disposition to make sacrifices for the benefit of Poland would be generous and laudable; and if the Emperor Napoleon shrinks from the risk of a general war, a nation which shares the sympathies of France, while it nevertheless declines to act on the impulse of mere feeling, is not in a position to upbraid a more excitable neighbour with the charge of either turbulence or timidity. It must be confessed that Lord Russell's Russian correspondence and its re sults are not gratifying to national pride. A great preponderance of opinion sanctions the inaction of the Government, but prudent acquiescence in wrong is rather excusable than glorious. It will, on the whole, be satisfactory to find that France is checked either by the same obstacles which prevent English interference, or by the refusal of her allies to pledge themselves to a joint course of proceeding. The Governments which look passively on the extermi nation of the Poles perform the mutual service of keeping each other in countenance; and if England has been baffled and defied by Russia, it is something that France and Austria have been similarly affronted. There must be strong reasons for the general suppression of resentment, and if the attempt at negotiation was a mistake, the blunder is common to the three Powers. It is true that France was ready for war, if England and Austria would have shared the un dertaking ; but Lord Russell had, from the com mencement of the negotiation, repeatedly disclaimed all intention of appealing to arms, Any implied menace which was conditional on the co-operation of England was nugatory and abortive. It is not yet certain whether France may determine on se parate interference. The Emperor probably con structed the ambiguous portion of his speech for the express purpose of retaining to himself liberty of decision. He propounds the alternatives of war and silence only to reject their. in favour of his own proposal of a Congress; and it might be reasonably inferred that, if Europe declines to enter on a peace able discussion, it only remains for France to fall back on her military resources. It is argued with much force that Russia will refuse to discuss the question of Poland, and that Austria will be equally unwilling to submit her Italian title to controversy. A Congress is, in truth, only a contrivance for ascertaining in a more formal manner the conse quences either of a war or of measures which have been previously determined. Nothing can be more dissimilar than a representative Assembly, which is supposed to have common interests, and a confer ence of Plenipotentiaries engaged in defending the conflicting claims of their respective Courts. At present, the Congress, if it meets, will be ham pered by peremptory instructions, framed for the express object of limiting its competence to se condary arrangements. In general, it may be assumed that no Power is prepared to surrender any portion of its territory for the sake of pro viding compensation to its neighbours. The map of Europe will only be altered by war; and if the Treaties of Vienna are obsolete, the various Sove reigns must rely, not on any new system of conven tions, but on simple possession. Lord Russell has cenfieed himself, in his last Russian despatch, to a hint that the Crown and Constitution of Poland were created by the same instrument. It would have been inexpedient to dispute more explicitly the legitimacy of a tenure which is at present only disturbed by the insurgents. On the whole, a Congress seems to be almost useless, but until the answers of the Govern ments to the French invitation are published, and some faint notion can be formed of the subjects to be discussed, it is impossible to say whether the scheme offers aso ution of existing difficulties. Some de voted partisans in France assert that the proposal of a c'ong,ress is an illustration of the axiom in which the Empire was , once identified with. peace. But the most insatiate conqueror might be satisfied to attain his otajecas without the risk and anxiety of war. Even the first Napoleon seldom invaded a neighbouring country until its Government had re fused compliance with some extravagant demand. His successor is more prudent and moderate, nor can it be doubted that he would prefer the peaceful triumph of his policy. SPECTATOR.—On the brightest of autumn days the King of Prussia met his new Parliament in the White Hall of the Royal Palace, and addressed it in words which Europe weighs and scrutinises in vain. The art of composing a King's speech, the art of combining words into vague sentences which leave the speaker's purpose in ansoaite doubt, seems to be the only art of constitutional government which German Ministers are capable of learning or willing to adopt. Even the hasty summons which called the Crown Prince from England to Berlin, in order that he might stand at his father's right hand while the cabalistic words were spoken, is susceptible of a double interpretation. Well-wishers of the Prus sian Monarchy will hope that it is a proof that the King has so altered his policy as to conciliate that one of his subjects who has most to fear from the vagaries of Herr von Bismark; while they who put not trust in princes will see in it only an unscru pulous attempt to make the King's eldest son seem to approve what he most condemns, and involve him in the consequences of a policy of which he is not the accomplice. Amid such uncertainties, even the utterance of the royal orator has been carefully noted, and we learn that the speech was delivered '6 without much emphasis," except that he raised his voice " considerably" in reading the paragraphs which related to the re-organisation of the army. This incident, trifling as it may seem, is so entirely in harmony with the character and opinions of King William, that it may be taken as conclusive upon one point. He is determined to have his own way About the number of his soldiers. If the Lower House cannot make up its mind to give way upon this, no reconciliation between the King and his faithful Commons is possible. Without expressing any very firm belief in the conciliatory intentions of the King, or at least in his being willing to make such concessions as could alone be considered satisfactory by the nation, we confess to being very much less sanguine as to the manageableness of the Chamber. The Gov ernment has used its utmost influence, and it has achieved the return of twenty six additional supporters. It has now a party of thirty-seven, and the most despised of all the Minis ters, Von Roan, the chief of the War Department, has a seat in the Chamber. But this splendid vic tory has been gained at the expense of the moderate section of the Deputies. This party has well nigh disappeared, and the extreme Radicals have gained far more of the seats which it has left vacant than the Crown. A. clear majority of 260 stands face to face with M. Von Bismark, and the larger number of these gentlemen may not improbably consider themselves pledged to take up an attitude of firm resistance. If so, the King's pride will be very likely to take fire, and then all hopes of a compromise are at an end. Another dissolution, more royal ordinances must inevitably follow, and though, we think, there is no immediate prospect of absolute resistance to the power of the Crown, the whole mass of the middle classes will be silently leavened by that distrust of the royal family, the first mutterings of which may already be heard in private society. Even the sincerity of the Crown Prince is suspected. "The Hohenzollerns," people are beginning to say, " are always liberal till they mount the throne. We shall never have constitu tional government till we make a clean sweep of the reigning dynasty, as they did in England and in France. if this feeling once becomes general, revolution, sooner or later, is inevitable. That it may be averted is our earnest wish, if only because the Prussian royal family is so closely allied to our own. But it cannot be denied that, when the hopes of those who desire peace rest principally on the chance that, on the one hand, an obstinate monarch in the hands of a Minister with whom arrogance is a disease, and, on the other, a Chamber exasperated by the denial of their rights, may re spectively obey the voice of reason rather than of passion. and be guided by a calm consideration of their own interests and that of the country, the prospect is at best but a gloomy one ; and one hopes rather than expects that they may be spared those calamities which have ordinarily been the result of such a situation of affairs. LONDON REVIEW.—The selection of Dr. Trench to fill the archiepiscopal throne of Dublin is an event which seems to give unfeigned satisfaction to the clergy of the Church in Ireland. It h as rescued them from the alarm into which they were thrown by the rumoured nomination of Canon S 1 snot de and the present jubilation may no doubt gree be owing to a relief felt at the e . scaP_ the Irish Church from the sway of a possible would have cal metropolitan. It is true thaitiothire Neologi preferred that an alumnus of t braaah i of the Este - and clergyman of their own b art a they University appointed to the blished Church should have e vacant post , but arntgtbadeyverwseill tateectehpatt , cobble contingency, th p e ort h o d o xy pl f b .4 ..k t b e' l h l e that uist :all an Irishman as a very good arch bishop. But Dean Trench is really more than half a Hiberni an 'though the national blood in . hi t s veins has not been directly elaborated from Irish beef and potatoes, or oxodised by an Irish atmo sphere, he is by extraction, both on his father's and his mother's side, descended from some of the oldest and most respectable famiiies in Ireland, being first cousin and brother-in-law of Lord Ash town, and connected with Lords Clancarty, Drog heda, and Bloomfield, the Whites of Woodlands, and several Trench families in that country. And, what is even more to the point in the sister isle, he is an Irish landlord, possessing considerable pro perty there bequeathed to him by his father. His father, who was a scion of the Trench stock of the county of Galway, settled in England about sixty years ago, at Botley, in Hants, where he rendered most valuable services in 183 5 to Lord Palmerston, at a Shen celebrated county election. It is sup posed that to a gratitude for these services, as well as to the patronage of the Bishop of Oxford, who has always entertained the highest opinion of Dr. Trench, the latter is indebted both for his pre sent promotion and for that to the Deanery of West minster. Dr. Trench's mother, an interesting vo lume of whose " Remains" was, it will be remem bered, published by her son last year, was grand daughter to the celebrated Dr. Chenevix, Bishop of Waterford, and intimate friend of Lord Shaftes bury, of whom the story is told that, on King George objecting to his appbintment to an Irish bishopric, as recommended by his friend, then L ord-Lieutenant of Ireland, when " the King wished he would look out for another Bishop," Lord Shaftesbury, somew hat tartly replied. " that h e wished the King would look out for another Lord- Lieutenant." Such is the extraction of the man who has been nominated Archbishop of Dublin—e cir cumstance which will no doubt help to allay the fellings of disappointment of such Irishmen as may still look unfavourably on the metropolitan see of Dublin being twice in succession conferred on an English clergyman. But whatever may be the value of Irish extraction, the Dean of Westminster's character as a scholar, philologist, and divine of pious and exemplary life, as well as of kind and gracious manners, is the qualification which will most recommend him to the affection of the Irish people ; and probably very few men could be found better fitted to be placed at the head of the Irish Church in the metropolis of Ireland at the present conjuncture. The mantle of Archbishop Whately has indeed fallen on him, and it will be no easy task in some respects to fill the place of one who was a very giant in intellectual strength and activity ; but the circumstances of the country, political par ties, prejudices, the very aspect of things have changed there since the day that Dr. Whately first seized the helm to guide the Irish Church through the greatest perils to which it was ever, or probably ever will be, exposed. At that time, when the war fare of party strife i aged with its deadliest animo sity, a man was wanted of determined purpose, in domitable resolution, comprehensive grasp of intel lect, and overwhelming power of argument, to take the lead—a man so devoted to truth and to the wel fare of humanity, that no amount of obloquy or de traction could turn him from his purpose. Such a man was found in Dr. Whately, raised up as it were specially for the occasion, whose praises future ge nerations will record, on account of the success with which he preached religious toleration, promoted the education of the people, and raised the Irish Church in the estimation of the world. But those days are now gone by ; the lesson of toleration has been learned, the bitterness of controversy is fast passing away, and the man that is wanted now is ono who can rather throw oil on the troubled waters, assuage the angry spirit of controversy, compose differences, draw opposing parties together by the links of common agreement, and promote the unity of the spirit in the bond of peace. Such a man it is to be hoped—it is to be presumed—has been found, and that Lord Palmerston has in his days shown as wise a discrimination in choosing the pre sent Archbishop of Dublin, as Earl Grey, more than 30 years ago, did in selecting his predecessor. It is to be hoped that his archiepiscopate, among other good works, may be distinguished by the termina tion of this unhappy but protracted religious war fare, with all its distrust, bitterness, and vitupera tion ? The promotion of Dr. Trench to Dublin has been followed by that of Canon Stanley to the dean ery of Westminster. The rejected, or perhaps more truly the rejector, of Dublin, becomes the accepted in a position of scarcely less importance and influ ence than that of a bishopric, affording at the same time a learned leisure which few bishops enjoy. The associations of Westminster, its antiquity, its gran deur, its metropolitan connection, and social advan tages thence arising, offer inducements to a man of Dr. Stanley's cast of mind which no Irish archbi shopric can possess. In such a field an ample scope is afforded for the exercise of the ability, scholar ship, and refined tastes for which the name of the Oxford Regius Professor is so widely celebrated. EXAMINER.—If any future measure of electoral reform could give us all over the country constitu encies and members in such frank and cordial rela tions to each other as Mr. Henry Berkeley and the electors of Bristol, that is a point at which we could be very well content to say, Rest and be Thankful. Nobody can read Mr. Berkeley's speech at the Bris tol meeting this week without liking the wholesome English ring of the frank cordiality to which an audience that crammed the Broad Mead Rooms re sponded with true heartiness. Such interchange of goodwill between member and constituency has lasted now for the lifetime of a generation, during all which time Mr. Berkeley has fought the battle of the bal lot in the interests not of the mean, but of the poor, to the end that every constituency in the land may have, as Bristol has, a representative after its own heart, who has not bought it, and who can keep its suffrages only by a frank and faithful independent service. The Liberals often hurt their cause in local contests by carrying their principle of independence into a needless division about trifles ; and in larger fields of discussion Liberals are often spoilt as party men, and become hindrances to the due rate of political growth by a philosophical indifferentism based on the too quiet certainty that the right ad vance in the right time is inevitable. We are rather apt, therefore, to go on wearing an out-grown poli tical garment till we split it, and so come at the final argument for renovation. But on the whole that which is thought the source of weakness in the Liberal party belongs to its life and strength. Its battle is for the utmost exercise of ra tional liberty, its aim is to encourage everywhere the exercise of independent thought. But the mainspring of Toryism is a high regard for autho rity. It is a sort of political Catholicism, and its necessary result is to maintain unity by many sacrifices of individual doubts to the faith tang 'it by its high priests. Such unity shows a broad front, but is in England weaker than it looks; as weak as we, in tact, know it to be. For the pre dominant temper of the nation is on the side of independence, which breeds individuality, and therefore diversity of judgment. The Liberal party mirrors back even in its faults the national charac ter, its weakness is the weakness and its strength the strength of England. There will always be a sound body of Englishmen who lay chief stress on respect for authority of dignitaries, great names, precedents • and it is well for us that their common principle of thought is one that enables them always to work together as " a compact body of men." If it did not, they would be a rope of sand where they are now a not unserviceable holdfast. But on the other side every man who vigorously acts on his fresh, independent impalse, and labours forward, caring less to reverence what has been settled than to strive towards the highest right, is a power in the country speaking the true mind of an active section of the English people. It is this that pro duces the apparent anomaly in England of a Liberal party strong though it seems loosely formed of dis united parts, facing a Tory party numerically strong in a Parliament of its own calling and per fectly compact, while yet really so weak that it has been able to profit nothing by the arguments and counter-arguments dividing its opponents. Nevertheless we must desire to see among Liberal statesmen and politicians perhaps some occasional sacrifice of opinion on trifles, and certainly a more active determination to make the adaptation of laws to the people advance at a pace fairly proportioned to the progress of society. COURT JOURNAL.—The Emperor has followe en up the idea which he so ably expressed in his speeea_ by issuing a letter to each of the E a u n r:P elo. Sovereigns, asking them in courteousoral EuropE an quent terms to form part of a Congress to meet at Paris, which have so seems, all the much-vexed questions portant States long agitated the larger and mor.ev ce this Con ofart mot ran , Europe. That, on the p selfish or anti and gteondiscuss, as it guaranteed by y c g o r n es s s tit w u t t l i l o n n o a t i be principlesm ad made to dervi an fully Providence but trained in and the will of the Frenchis P er haps less allowable :eol by these words "Called to e the p throethe school of adversity,e; of her to ignore the ofr people." ights If I take the for me than an y ow " Sovereign the 1\ h h t y ae a j : e n e b s gt u o yl t v t , l e on larbstauslterereavamselps observes —" do not yield to an `endS o ve initiativer ae impulse of yaw . •eT h ; credited with am ous proje-ts, eave at gila i in but, most heart to prove by a frank and loyal step that my so l e o bject is to arrive without a shock at t rt h iiamv e lse p aot l ea c et i xa ti as - - ca t io n of Europe." So oth t h eth a t i wn n gi o ss t h e o as n bn l udt y to i l s ebag h eri i s purpose that well-regulatedte t pw o reelsi bring salys dp a eo b cp o l au u ri t ae sr a sle w tt a e r r, o a r s c w on e t l e l natsioonf his. . speech, pacification of Europe," and that, too, " with shock par t o f " of f e preliminary E m pe The only a rore only to which we can in any way object is that . in which he epeaks of the treaties of Vienna as things of the pest,and not to be observed by th e P owers of Europe, Thisi is somewhat loose political morality ; for, although it is true that men like Victor Emmanuel (and we hear some readers • h . Ispers like Napoleon hi mse lf !) have not always acted in g ood faith when' they first obtained possession of their present dominions, it is none the less imperr.tive on great nat i on s like England, Austria, and Fr ance, to ob serve treaties and stipulations to w.biell they are pledged by th e acts of their former reresentatives. Th e E m peror, under the guise of a c,lMpianent w hi c h c arried under it a sti n g of some storpneee),c b roug ht forward the e xam p le of England berseli as having violate d p revious p arts by her cess.4E-1 the lonian Islands against the wishes of Au.itr- 11 ae and the other protecting Powers, whom she bound to consult on the question. It was very " generous," doubtless, to give away that which never belonged to us. But though this country on this occasion certainly betrayed the trust confided to it by the Great Powers, the treaties of Vienna, Westphalia, and ma n y others, are none the less binding upon good faith and honesty, in spite of the contrary assertions of the Bonapartes, who have little reason to look back with satisfaction to the year 1815. It remains for Napoleon to render thew null by obtaining the consent of the contracting' parties to their revocation ; and if this can be done with safety and advant a g e to Europe, by a ll means let the counsels of the Emperor and M. Drouyn de Lhuys prevail in 'the Congress which is shortly to assemble at Paris. The Emperor announces himself " ready without preconceiv ed s y stem to bring. to an International Congress the s p irit of moderation. L and justice, or dinarily the portion of those wile have endured so many various trials." But will the other potentates of Europe be equally inclined to p I follow his commendable example ? COUNTRY MARKETS. YORK—SeruuDAY. We were supplied with barely an average lot of wheat to-day. Buyers operated more freel y , and previous rate were a shade better. Se lected sam p les of barley made last week's currencies, grinding sorts slow. Oats met with a healthy demand, at former rates. Beans in favour of the seller. Wheat, red 38s to 41 s I Oats.... lBB to 20e White do . 40 s to 45 s Beans 40 to --e Barley .3 os to 32s Peas ...--s to -- 4 Malt, 62s to 61s per qr.; rye, 30s per qr.; flour, 308 to 32s per sack. NORWICH —SATURDAY. There was rather a limited supply of wheat to-day, birt a full attendance of buyers. The sales made were effected at fully Is advance upon last week's rates for all samples. A good show of barley, and l a te prices wer e maintained. Flour and other articles as before. w h ea t 36s to 379 White wheat, 44s to 45., 1 Red Malting barley 36s to 33s 1 Ch eva lier barley...34s to 35 5 . Distilling do. 33s to 35s 1 Oats.. .... 24 s to 9 Flour, 31s Od to —s Od per sack from the ....... . GRANTHAM—SATI YRDAY. Old white wheat, 43s to Vs ; red, 40s to 438 - per 360. ; new white, 40s to 43s ; red, 38s to 40Er, Malting barleYt 34s to 38s per qr ; grinding, 28s to 30s ; oats, old, 28s ti 30s; new, 20s to 24s ; beans, 40s to 425; pcao, 31s to 40s. NORTHAMPTON — SATUR DAY. There was about an a vera g e show of wheat to-daY• —White wheat, 40s to 44 5; red, 35s to 42s ; flue, ","° to —s per qr. Barley, 35 s to 39s—grinding, 28s .to 3 0 ' 1" Oats, 28s to 32s per 21 stone. Beans, 38s to 425. e3s; 346 to 40s per qr. NOTTINGHAM —SATURDAY. A rather limited supply of wheat at market to-day, NI to the usual attendance of farmers. A firm trade, and 1,1,1. prices maintained. Barley ant: other articles unaltere —White wheat, from 43s to 45 5; red wheat, 35s to 4t3" Barley—malting, 33s to 40s ; grin din g , 28s to 31s. Data old, at 24s to 31s Od; new, 22s to 265. Beans sold at s° . to 43s per qr. ; new, 38s to 425. LEICESTER—SATunDAY. There was a fair show of wheat to-day, with a ready sal e at a slight advance on last week's prices. Batley in toler!ible' show at fully late rates. Oats held at about late p er —New white wheat, 41s to 445; red, 398 to 418 Pe! . 3 ,. (1 stone. Old red, 39s to 41s per 36 stone. BarleY, rnaltiDbf old oats,' new, 34s to 38s per qr.; grinding, 29s to 325; 25s to 30s; new oats, 22s to 25s per 24 stone. ii egll .,. ? B°ll old, 358 to 42s per 38 stone ; flour, 30 s to 35s p er 20 Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton. ...... Nov. 1 , 5 ' via Marseilles . .... .... N ov. 12. brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet... • .... 'Nov. 9a Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. lie.l.ena.•ll"• China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton. Nov. via Marseilles ....Nov. 14. Gibraltar,E alkl a nd lslandsvi........ r • aSouthampton ....................... India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton..- 12 via Marseilles ....N.ov• og. India (Bombay), via Southampton ............ No Y• '',.;',„. via Marseilles ................ Nov • ;=." Portugal.... ................................ Deo. l i s. Nlalta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton ...... Nov. —' via Marseilles .. ........N0v.• 4, i•T r ov . l i S s : Newfoundland ......................... ..Nov. 1. 5 Oporto and Vigo ................... ac ket.... Nov. 1 U. S. and British N. America , b y Brit. p packet. Nov. 1 - .3 ' by U.S. packet.... by C W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneanritladian e Nov. 1 0 ' Bahamas, via New York , ....N0v. 20. Mexico.. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, Nov.} 13. California. and , British Columbia.. - - WILLS AND BEQUESTS.—The will of the titer' rhos. Kaye Bonney, M.A., archdeacon of Leicester' prebendary of Lincoln, rector of Coningsby and O f Sh°l - was administered to in the London Court 11 --i sister, Mrs. Nevinson, as his only next of kin- Tile r tator died a bachelor ; and his sister, Miss lienrielT:,-, Bones ney, who was the executrix and sole legatee na uiea •" . 0 . 0 5 will, died prior to the testator. The personal-1i w 6 sworn under £14,000. —The will of General Sir ~;; h e t , Lillyman Caldwell, G.C.13.. of Beachlands, Isle of lY ""," 1 „ and of Portland-place, was Droved in London 11 :: executors and trustees—namely, Mrs. Sullivan, the t es- r ; tor's daughter ; Mr. Edward Cockburn Kinderley, Gene Duncan Smith, E.1.C., and Mr. Charles Baker, of i l O, coin's-inn ; the personalty being sworn under £l2o,tly 0 This gallant military officer was a general in the Ind ° army, served under Lord Cornwallis, was present at , two sieges of Seringapatam, and commanded the Engineer:, at the capture of Mauritius. Sir James a ttained the 65‘,. of N. His will bears date 185 8 , with two codicils 1560' After making a few bequests to rela tives and smile P°°7l sonal friends, the testator le a v es to hihip;daughter 9 . °f executrix, Mrs. Sullivan, a life ,interest ill the 01° f £50,000, and upon her de cease bequeaths L'20,00 0 to an dJ -- d o a 3 u o g , 000 h t e r amongst (t John he testator's and Lay Le h is greatd a d n d d a u e h g i h l d t e r r e ) n , , Ladythe . e i 1 x 4 e : h s i 1 ci ~ .. ata f Sir being £5,000 to eac h ;:- a ppoints his said daughter, Mrs. Sullivan, residmlry '''.3- riipest; ton tee,—The will of Mr. James William Gilbart , of Dv, crescent, late general manager of the London and W min Bank, was proved in the London Cour t I %y ister his executors, Mr. I. W. Weldon, manager of r il° Westminster branch of the London and lirestrabaster Bank ; Mr. Thomas Hewart, secretary of the VroNvinni cial Bank of Ireland ; and the Itev. Joseph Denh,l Figgis Smith). The personal property was sworn under Smith (husband of the testator's niece, Mrs. Sara id ing executed his will in 1857, £35,000. The testator died on the Sth of August last, ha:. He has made a liberal provision for the children of his niece, Mrs. Smith, appointing her son, James William Gilbert Smith, residuary legatee. There are numerous legacic!, and two codicils in 1861- 2 specific and pecuniary, left to personal friends, official° of banking. houses, and to his executors. There .0' a special direction in his will that his shares ill the Bank of Australia shall be sold, and the Pr ° 7 ceeds held in trust, and designated 4 ' The Gilbart Memorial and Publication Fund, to be applied to t he undermentioned purposes —namely, the erection of a mot!tl i : ment, or some other memorial, of him in commemoratio 6 of the interest .he took in banking operations, and a the first manager of the first joint-stock bank in bLon.d ons: and others the distribution of copies of his works on Licatninfeif ufrsainmeed, bound, and, together with amengraving la acgl here, b ° a fa n o k c i i n a g is' transactions presentedwithd par ts ' • Loncloo whomto h t e h h e a d beendirectors, e otherect e • in England, Ireland, an News. _________.----_:-___ ------e-------------------- Births. en a taaliVeirndGsoura,rtdhse, p wife retati o t . .A.LExAN D " -- e ° l Lieut.. Colaon daughter, stillborn. turely. of On the 13th inst., at StrathedenVillas, Starch TT joi mor). — F W. Hammond, of a son. ''' g reep ,,,' 14 .— r 0 8' n the 121tvhiilnlisatm., i a t t u A xt r o d n e , e Ellsoqus,e,ofA.ardt3eoen, I g r a e c i Bovro-• wife of lan d the nAtibeexalLtheri,nsGt.; hair ; • —On the 11th inst., at 11, Q ueen ' s -t err ace, i t° W ILD gent's-park, Mrs. Augustus Wildy, of a daughter. Marriages. BULMER—PRITCHARD.—On the 10th inst., at St. r e v - to Notting-hill, John Whitfeld Bulmer, Esq., ~, m ot Emily second daughter of Thomas Pritchard, Esq . ) House, Devon. nn to ol ' GILMOUR—FOSSITT.—On the 10th inst. at tit Pars-- ite Ireland, George Gilmour, Esq., 21st . Fusiliers, tA f ? 0 becca, fourth daughter of Jon Fossitt, Esq." °f Island, King's County, Deaths. 4.,, 100'1, BOWDEN.—On the 12th inst., at No. 14, Bar --°- .1 s e , " street, Exeter, suddenly, of apoplexy, M r *,, at ° ciii Bowden, an old and respected inhabitant of that Deeply regretted by his family and friends. vrow tef BROWNS. —On the 12th inst., at Lee, Kent, NY. '''' Hereforpora Esq., aged 70. broar' COTTON —On the 13th i ns t., a t the house of hie _,. rll' Parktield, Ke n il wor th, Edward Cotton, Esq., u• mall, London, aged 74. GREENWOOD.—On the 11th inst., at 2, _,--- n age d 67 .11 Upper Holloway, Michael Greenwood, .r- , , sil• S.hUttivV'il: SHUTTLEWORTH,—On the 12th inst., W. and 34, Y Esq., of Plaistow Hall, Bromley, heat, til, church-street, city, aged 61. Christchurch, ID t Christc THOMPSON.-- On the 13th inst., a d DO. et , Jonathan Thompson, Esq , age Great Ormond-at! „ WITHERS.—On the 13th inst., at . Withers' heq., of b a John Alexander With Queen-square,. borne, Dorset, aged 70. - -- 4 , M a or Cottarl t TUE SUN Office N4 . / Ci of No. 112, Strand, I'rinter, at oavay, ,n the Cow! Strand, in the Precinct of t 1, ber le, 63. London: Prinzed ancirlitiTtsheatu biithlteoex.--Dlonday , ,Nov era, WILLIA3I ANDltki'o 110 Ni —va Concert. TilE r. In co rise ' l, athan i .13ZE EE ET, ( )Mee s Tu E The R ut Abchureh- F _______ TRE I 4,Alty GI °I the IA 'win b e , t h Lie e "" (.Ity o a The Trn, the 18th tt 2 7, Cant •-__________ t A S Chic Ch a i rman. Tower I b l e ) td a „ i n t Y' ttoj' o t i Th a ,, 4°llrl Wb Ilia, ar t , ar Th omas 11 n mPat -vert 4 4 :1 z Fe 111, 1ze' 1 , . clward w s i l!'pet ] (oar n . Albert Pe , rtor" e Si „ornelius of Zhe 1 Xhomas 1 lan e , E. BoLicrrrj ~ AN ~.GF entren 411 7, all o Interef C ent. per below £5 when, allowed. beosi intere p st Cir,Tent Specia and a desired. The B ineltudin in Loud ahio in t The B 'IC, and tondo EAS No• 1247 VAS S bear the be eonin ' eo n l l 3 let( t iks titr cet Rl l " Pe4l to a ;, Q zeht - 3 s. 11 tOEJ 'Vented the ear. and enl Public I Street, j • L A • tc the La less ti thousa App AL lnm pee , 3,000 0 Jardin article This rte P a t urned Orna, TRiz 'which blend fines Ordin Best c econ Third Carri: 8 , So tin of 8 t , •l3t th e all z hur t -...._