The Sun. — London, England, 1863-10-23 00:00:00

TEE WESTERN STATES . ~az• ( ,From the Special Correspondent of the Timcs.) CINCINNATI, OHIO, Oct. 7, On Saturday last I had a curiosity to see one of the g ,rcat monster meetings preliminary to the elec tion of the Governor of the State of Ohio, which is to t ake place on the second Tuesday of this month, the, 13th. 1 h a d attended not a few political reunions, in o ld e n times, on my first visit t o th e U nited States, In earliest youth, especially in the New England States, where I resided. I have a distinct recollec tion of caucases, conventions, and other party gath ?zings, where I had to force my way through a throt ig of closely-packed men, under the roof of some =vie hall, or Dissenting meeting-house, and whence a stern, vinegar -faced stump orator was holeiiiig forth before an audience fully as earnest, as fir aof purpose, as business-like as himself. Those nYlcouth and crabbed, but high-minded Yankees ',wrought into politics not a little of the religions seriousness which characterised their old Puritan faith. Narrow-minded and fanatic they might be, but they went to work with a sober determination, with a steadiness of will which impressed the 100 R er-oa forcibly, and commanded respect. It was a very different kind of spectacle that I was invited to witness the other day. I was driven sir mil es ou t o f t own to a place named Carthaget in the op 3n country, the mere embryo of a straggling a Yillag( 3, a spot only famed for its racecourse,_ewtowns on n very st a t e ly coun t y l unat i c as ylum. Few towns on this side of the Atl a ntic boast a more charming nei ;hbourhood than Cincinnati. The wide circle of hil is which encompass century the city, and which I remem luxuriant green more than be r seeing mantled with ego, has, indeed, been stripped of its or a quarter of ainal beauty, quarries of go o d building stone and d ig clay for bricks have been found here and there, andb grubbing utilitarian people h ave b een g ni cutting and round the place till it l oo k s bare and blea k, glar g ing and dusty, lik e th e most acid district i n Provence or Palestine. B eyon d the first hilly range, however, the landscape retains not a little of its soft, verdant, original c h aracter, and no less than a t Clif ton, S pr i ng Grove, t Carthage, at other favoured localities, nature, unscathed by man's work, shows forth in her loveliest apparel. Th e day was bright and fresh at Carthage, as days usually are at the present season in this part of the world, the gorgeous autumn tints peculiar to the North American continent flushed vividly in the sunshine, and the purity of the air, unsurpassed by any thing that can be seen in the most gifted Me diter,:anean climates, filed the soul with irresistible gladness. The meeting of Saturday was intended to be the F,rand effort of the Republican party, the great be speak for Brough, Anderson, and the rest of that " ticket,' , the coup de grace for Vallandigham, Pugh, and all the Democratic platform. It was, properly speaking, the Cincinnati meeting, and was held out of town, simply because it was thought that the city could afford no space sufficient to contain so mighty an assemblage as could not fail to answer the momentous appeal. From early morning to late afternoon the wards of the city kept pouring out in long gay processions through all its wide a venues. I was o❑ the ground between two and three, at the very moment in which the interest of the transac tion was expected to culminate, and excitement to rise to fever heat. The political meeting at Carthage reminded me of a Derby day at Epsom, only of a somewhat shabbier character, with a dash of an Italian masquerade and carnival frolic in it. The fair sex considerably out numbered the lords of creation, and Yoang America mustered nearly as strong as the adult generation. There were huge triumphal cars, heavy boats, and pontoons on wheels, drawn by four, five, and even ten pairs of good well-fed horses, with an endless flutter of flaunting flags, monstrous devices, a din of fife, trumpet, and drum, and the endless firing of light and heavy artillery. Pedestrians, horsemen, hank-carriages, long teams of draught hones, wan dered about the trackless turf in every direct ion, with no apparent purpose, save only the enjoyment of the open air:,and the jolly company. It was a fair, b. picnic, with cold fowls and veal pies emerg ing from capacious hampers, and corks kno eked off the bottles of sparkling Caawba wine. To eat, drink, and be merry was the great business of the political meeting. Here and there, indeed, in a cor ner, under the canopy of some huge tree, Mr. Some body from Indiana, or Mr. Nobody from Illinois, stumped away for very life. with a cluster of listless loafers round his extempore platform, pretending to listen, cheering: occasionally, jeering more fre qu antly ; all this in the midst of the din of discor dant music, the rankling fire of great and small guns and the shrill cries of apple women and venders of fire -water. For the rest, there were children squal ling, young people flirting, angry men swearing, drunken men reeling,—all the varieties of a swarm ing, bustling crowd, looking for amusement, and coutributing more or less willingly and wittingly to each other's amusement. Most of the cars were decked out for show, and relied for e ff ec t no l ess on white, blue, and red trap- Pings than upon a shave of live'y and fresh female beauty. Cartloads of girls, as many as 90 in a single Conveyance, were paraded round and round, to the B ound of m erry mus i c ; school girls from 10 to 12 Years of age, young girls further advanced in their teens, rosebuds and roses in full blossom, all gaily dressed, 11 pth the delighted faces wreathed in smiles, beamed male multitude. Attired in motley eolaor streaming 0 9, bareheaded, bare-necked, with hair of them diat a e their shoulders, begarlanded, some to personit Y the 3o ; here they were made white or in their 3 o States, the Northern States in Slave F i t ates iniezrespective national colours, the bov:hing sables. In other groups we were taught t o th e " Goddess of Liberty," to OK, " Union," to " Death," and a varietecilunibia'" to " Peace," to other deitie s i n p e tti coa t s only known in this Transatlantic Of an:,,tlantic Ol with the beloved co l ours ympus. Mixed and devices, amon g w hi ch i the - Union were mottoes no ticed at th e t a il o f a huge cart the two-head e d I,e the t wo Eagle, th e em blem of the new alliance between Giants" of the globe. Th e ittr " Young heaviest freight of young daraselsgest oar, with the to muster " soldiers sweetheart,sT"le ed to b r i ng devices were of a more sombre of the &Ind truculent cha racter. A huge piece of ordnance was Paraded 'through the ground with the inscription < < f L The Cannon our only P eacem aker;'' anoth er t h e inscription, "Hell , hemp , or Canada fo g r i t e're tors ;°' a third bade " those who were disco n t ented with with Old Abe to leave their country for their coup. ! try's good." Poor Vallandigham was to be seen here and there suspended on huge gallows in effi gy; hanging and quartering was too good treatment for him. One car exhibited the same unlucky Demo cratic candidate in the shape of a huge Guy, a colos sal man of straw with a mask, said to be a very eekceaeut likeness of the illustrious exile, at which some zealous Republicans, more than half-seas over, kept hacking away with their sabres and poking with their bayonets with fell animosity, to the intense delight of the most clamorous part of the assembled rabble. The zeal of those few fanati cs s t range l y contras t e d with the per fect serenity of the goodhumoured multitud e. Thy vast majority of the assemblage evidently took advantage of the political occurrence for a littl e bit of harmless x and peaceful holiday making. 'They Brough Anderson, d apparently cared very little for and by the n s o e f reon, for whom they were bidden mtewis m e marshals of the field to cheer ; and they had against very little ill-will against Vallandigham, were ordered to groan. The people who looked:lmupbon the meeting as an earnest affair might be numbered b hundreds. The tens of thousands, magnified the newspapers into 49,000, and 50,000, w ere d th b e y re, as it struck me, for the mere purpose of makin g bete en°3ing mi g ht well, on the corni" Tremendous following day, descant o n th e c monstration," "The peopl e de strengthened majesty," To a neetrabl out in tnr allits myself, the whole matter seemed morehei'thee'a--: like less than an egregious, innocent farce, nottt exercise much influence on the issue' of to h preaching s:',ruggle ; as little calcul ate d to f t o e aP rw the real interests of the befriende d Brou p.,la as to srd damage the pos ition of the anatilemviic:d Val landigham. With ell this, however, I would not wish to be understood to disparage the strength of the Repub lican party , or to ques ti on t h e earnestness of their zeal in the cause. The meeting of Satzrd y was merely intended for a fete, or, as they c . it, "gala day." I have no doubt some of their popular con ventions held in other places wer, - much more to the purpose. That the Republicans have the vast majority of their countrymen with them, and that they will have a crushing success at the poll on Tuesday next, I have little reason to question. There are 500 members at the Cincinnati Stock- Exchange, and 10 to 1 of them are stanch friends of the Government and Republicans to the back bone. The Enquirer is the only Democratic paper doing battle against the Gazette, the Commercial, and the 7imes all Cinsinnati journals, wedded to the Republican interest, and the proportion of two to one is observable in all the press of the State (80) Democratic against 180 or 200 Republican papers.) Wherever wealth, or even to a great extent intelligence, is prevalent there you have the strong hold of the Government party. Rich people here have been fattened by the war, and are for war a l'outrance. Most of the gaudy:cars that were driven to the show of Saturday were got up at the expense of contractors, railway companies, &c., to whom this civil dissension has been for the last three years a godsend. Over mere disinterested and honourable citizens the idea of the Union exercises a tyrannical sway, and scarcely allows them the use of their rea soning faculties. They are all ready to sacrifice the last drop of blood and the last dollar for the Union, and they flatter themselves that they may best ob tain their end by upholding the by crushing th e S out h under the weight Governo vern ofm e n e t n , a ina nd . m ediate, general, an d violent abolition of slavery. It is of no use to represent to them the utter impracti cability, the dire ruthlessless, of so sweeping a scheme. " Let the Union stand and let the world fall" is their motto. Perhaps this determination to follow the war to " the bitter end," to drive the South to despair, to reject all compromise, may be more fatal to any chance of the restoration of the Union than a more humane and conciliatory course might be. But they will listen to no argument. They must have Union and emancipation, and the mere suggestion of a. different policy, the mere exposition of demo cratic views, is stigmatised as arrant treason. " We shall go through with it" is the clinching sentence of the fairest and most sincere Republicans when they are driven to their wits' end in the dis cussion. They do nJt dissemble to themselves the enormous cost, but they have unlimited faith in the resources of their young community ; but, " when we have brought back the fourteen Southern States to their allegiance," they say, " when we have triumphed over this secession of so vast a division of the republic, what State or combination of States, will have a chance of again attempting a dissolution of partnership ? 'What fraction will ever rise in re bellion against the whole, and run the chances of so severe a punishment as we are now inflicting on the Southern traitors ?" And, warming with the subject, they glory with the assurance that 2() years' peace will be more than sufficient, not only to heal the wounds but to efface the very scars of the pre sent contest, " when the Union," they say, "cemented by the blood we are now shedding, will acquire so much consistence at home and so great an ascend ancy abroad that not a cannon will be fired in the Oid World without our goodwill and pleasure." It is to this strange ambition, to this vain lust of power, that the Union owes its main charm in Ame rican eycs. It is this longing to go forth as rulers that makes these strange people so readily amenable to the despotic rule that now weighs upon them. It is this same vague love of empire and dominion that makes them so tender of the alliance of the Russian autocrat, and so eager to press the hand which is stained with the blood of a generous nation struggling for existence. For their own part, the Democrats rely on the support of the lower classes, the mechanics in the cities, and farm labourers in the country, by whom the enlistment in the army has been most heavily felt, and among whom weariness of the unprofitable struggle begins to creep in. At some of the Demo cratic meetings held in the rural districts of this State, the assembled multitude often broke out into impatient cries of "Peace! Peace before they were even addressed by the Peace party orators. The partisans of Mr. Vallandigham are especially numerous in the southern counties of this State, which were originally settled by emigrants from Virginia, while the northern districts were over run by New Englanders. Throughout the whole range of these Western States—Ohio, Indiana, Illi nois, &c.—the same distincti .m between North and South is equally observable. In the North the Yankee element prevails and with it Yankee notions, customs, and principles; the southern zone along the Ohio river is held by a population sprung from the adjoining slave States, and is remarkable for its Southern associations, usages, and predilections. What most forcibly strikes me, in the meanwhile, in the midst of this turmoil of party agitation, is the almost unanimous disgust which seems to prevail among the wealthy and cultivated classes (irrespec tive of their democratic or republican tendencies) of the popular institutions under which they are living, and especially of the principle of universal suffrage. ith the exception of a few fanatics (to be met with in a proportion of less than 1 in 100), tae most re spectable persons are convinced that the pacifica tion of the country, if ever and however it may be achieved, must be followed by a revision of the con stitution, and especially by a limitation of the right of vote. The Americans, I may say most conscien- tiously, are sick of mob rule. They begin to fiet against an order of things which scared the most worthy citizens from public life, and gave the man agement of State affairs into the hands of the popu lace, and of the unprincipled demagogues who minis tered to their vilest passions. I found the same feel- ing equally widespread in the East as in the neat, equally rife in the North and South. The well-to do people, the men of cultivation and character, the inextinguishable aristocracy of the country long for an opportunity to regain the place they are entitled to in the community, a place from which their own remissness and pusillanimity, no less than the sense less and brutal principle of absolute equality, had hurled them. They want the best men to stand fore most, and they hope to put an end to a system in which the highest recommendation for a candidate is the fact that he is a perfectly obscure individual, a man against whom no antecedents, good, bad, or indifferent, can be quoted, a man furnishing no hold to the unsparing malevolence of partisan warfare. They wish for an electoral law, based upon the "sense" of the nation, and long to do away with that plebiscite, which can centre the vote of millions upon a " half-witted fellow" (the expression is of are likely rn h . 3 t , o b l e a e a 'the:Yew York Herald—not mine), who comes into () power perfectly unknown to o u ti p t re f n ale at least ' whet. er t , h oo votes. populace w carriedi s h eso intot h e s ee effect, and e an t i o n g w p h a a t t r patriots pos session for sev eral tent it a right of practicable to wrench from the question ;but which they have been in pos thm generations, may be a different wishes exist, and that they are widely spread and deeply rooted, I can bear wit ness. Among the indeed, who would Republicansgo o there are not a few nothing but a "strong Gmoe"h further, and whom sponsible despotism in the i e t rzm en t"—i.e, an irre satisfy ; but, at all events, the necessityBi" fashion —would is everywhere felt, and this will for a change for future dissensions, should gthlvoe opportunities s truggle be satisfactorily terminated, present civil It is not easy to get at any reliable information to the position of th e ar m i es of the Cumberland,as th e Government not only withholds all informatloa: but strains every nerve to hoodwink and mislead public opinion by all manner of oracular hints and barefaced false reports. As far as I can make eta, it would seem that General Rosencreuz is cut o ff from communication with his base of operation at Nashville, and that Burnside has fallen back from East Tennessee, and withdrawn as far as Ltbarion, in Kentucky, where a traveller asserts having s een the bulk of that General's store and ammunition waggons. Three more steamers have been consumed by in cendiaries at Sr. Louis, and one at Milliken's-bent. The destruction of the latter \YRS attended with grievous loss of life. The dissensions in the Cabinet at Wr.shington have attain e d a very Eer ioiali character. The Hen• COURT OF COMMON COUNCIL, A Court of Common Council was holden yesterday in the Council Chamber, Guildhall. The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor presided, and among the membersof the Upper Bench present were Alderman Sidney, M.P., Alderman Carter, Alderman Gabriel, Alderman Mechi, Alderman Sir F. G. Moon, Alderman Finnis, Alderman Dakin, and Alderman Lusk, who took his seat for the first time since his election to the cffice, and who upon doing so was received with cheers from the members of the Court. There was a very full attendance of Common Councilmen, as it was known that there was a notice upon the paper of business having reference to the charges made against the Entertainment Committee upon the occasion of the visit of their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Wales to the City in June last. The LonD MAYOR, after the Court had been formally opened, rose and said that as this was the last time he should take his seat as chief magistrate of the city of London, he would take the opportunity of expressing his sincere thanks, both individually and collectively, to every member of the Court for the kind assistance they had rendered him during his year of office in performing the duties of their president. He had had the unprecedented honour of being chief magis trate of the City during one of the most eventful periods in the history of the Corporation, and when they had sought to give an expression of their loyalty to their beloved Sovereign and her family under most eventful circumstances. The coming of age of the Prince of Wales and his marriage with the beautiful lady the subject of his choice were events that called upon this great Corporation to express their feelings of loyalty, and he thought it was a matter of congratulation that they had done so in the most satisfactory manner ; and he thought it was also a matter of congratulation that the country generally had so w e ll f o ll owe d t h e i r exam ple. For his own part he could only assure them that be had most anxiously endeavoured to perform all the important duties that devolved upon him in a satisfactory manner, and he again thanked them for the kind assistance they had ren dered him in doing so. (Cheers.) FARRINGDON-MARKET. Mr. ANDERTON gave notice of a motion for the next Court, the object of which was to improve the present con dition of Farringdon-market, which, he said, its present state was a disgrace to th e C orporat i on. (R e ar, hear.) THE CHARGES AGAI NST THE R OYAL E NTER TAINMEN T COMMITTEE. Mr. R. ROWE said that at the last Court a question had been submitted to the law officers of the Corporation through a resolution proposed by Deputy Elliott, and he wished to know whether these gentlemen had given an answer to that question. (Hear, hear.) Mr, NELSON, the City solicitor, who was appealed to by the hon. member, said that it was customary in all such cases not to lay the opinion before the Court until it had been submitted to all the higher legal officers. He had conferred with the Common Sergeant and the Comptroller, and they had given their opinion upon the question submitted to them; but as the Recorder was not now in England he had not had an opportunity of communicating with him upon the subj ect, and he had, consequently, no t signed the opinion; b ut if the Court wished to have the op i n i on re a d in its present shape h e was qu i te ready to pr oduce it. Mr. TM: SCOTT, the chairman of the Royal Entertain ment Committe e , expressed his wish that the op i n ion should be read at once. Some other members of the Court, however, said they considered it advisable that the question and the opinion , should be first su b m i tted to the Recorder; an d eventually a division to o k pl ace, when the Court by a majority of 14 , decided that th e op i n i on of the three law o ffi cer s of the Cor poration who had b een mentioned shoul d b e a t once laid be fore the Court. Mr. IV ouarnolt2E, th 9 town clerk, accordingly read the document. The question submitted, upon the motion o Deputy Elliott, was, whether any member of the Court hadf the right to take into his possession any goods or chattels belcnging to the Corporation without the authority and sanction of the Court ; and the reply given was, that, in answer to the abstract question submitted to them, the law officers of the Corporation were of opinion that the members of the Court had no right to take into their possession any goods or chattels belonging to the Corporation without the consent of the Court ; but they qualified this opinion by stating that in certain cases usage m i g ht confer such a right, but that this usage was ent i rely un d er the control of the Court, and might be annulled by it at any time. Mr. TaI;SCOTT shortly afterwards brought up the report of the Royal Entertainment Committee, and moved that i be read. Mr. WOODIIIORPE accordingly read the document, which extended to a very great length, but which merely gave a detailed account of the proceedings taken by the committee to prepare for the reception of the Prince and Princess of Wales at the entertainment given to them in the Guildhall on the fith of June last. The public is well aware of the many difficult duties the committee had to perform, and the satisfactory termination of their exertions, and it will not be necessary further to allude to these particulars. It ap peared that the total cost of the entertainment, and all the arrangements connected with it, was only £15,000. Mr. TRUSCOTT then addressed the Court, and said that un der ordinary circumstances his duty would have been simply to move that the report be received and agreed to; but as at the last meeting of the Court an hon. member had thought proper to bring forward charges of malappropriation of pro perty azainst the committee, and particularly against him self personally, he felt it due to his own honour, and also to the committee, that he should state:every circumstance con nected with the transactions referred to by that hon. member, and give, as he had promised to do, a complete answer to the charges that had been made. He need not, he waa sure, remind the Court in the outset of the very im portant task that had been undertaken by the entertainment committee, and he believed he might also say that they had been congratulated on every aide on the success that had attended their e xer ti ons an d th e m anner in which they h a d performed their duty. (H ear .) He might also inform th em that at a meeting of the committee, on the day atter the en• tertainment there was a proposition by the members of it that some acknowledgment should be made to him for his services as chairman, but he at once refused to receive such an acknowledgment, and stated that he was only desirous that the entertainment to be given to the royal pair should be carried out successfully, and in a manner that was likely to redound to the honour of the corporation, and if he suc ceeded in these objects he was amply repaid for any services he had rendered. Nothing more was done at this time ex cept to appoint a sub-committee to collect the various articles and check the accounts, and the committee did not meet again until the 12th June, and at this time every article ex cept a few trifling ones was found to be intact. He would now tell them what subsequently occurred. They were aware that two l a di es ren d ere d mos t i m port an t services in carrying out the object in view of receiving their illustrious guests in a becoming manner. One of these ladies was the Lady Mayoress, who by the grace and dignity she exhibited threw almost a charm over the proceedings in which she took a part. The other lady, although the duties that de volved upon her were not of such an onerous and important character as those performed by the Lady Mayoress, still he believed had carried them out to the satisfaction of their royal and distinguished guests. (It should be explained that the second lady referred to by the hon. member was Mrs. Truscott.) Re went on to say that when the committee met on the 12th of June they came to a unanimous resolution that the whole of the furniture and the fittings in the bou doir of the Princess should be presented to his wife. (Hear, hear,) The hen. deputy who had brought these charges against him and the committee appeared to have dived into the recesses of the Chamberlain's office, and what he said was that all the costly furniture in the boudoir of the Prin cess had disappeared : but he would tell them what the real facts were. The furniture was undoubtedly of the most valuable and costly description, and was probably worth £OOO or £7OO. (Cries of " Oh, oh.") He did not stand there to disguise anything, and if hon. members would wait for a short time before they expressed any opinion, he believed they would say he had done nothing thst was derogatory to his own honour, or to the credit of the Corporation. (Hear.) He looked at the articles that were proposed to, be given to his wife, and seeing their costly character, he at once ob served to the committe e th a t h e wou ld noe accept them ; if he wanted suc h ar ti c l es , h e was not a poor man and was solution oOtiy able t o buy them, and the only articles ho allowed to be prevented to hi s w if e were some port i ons of the furniture on which the arms of th e P r i ncess were emblazoned, and other artiel Nyisd to which he wo u ld accep t under the re- Were e t a ho my co u ld not tie purchased. (H ea r, h ear .) Th ese he committ say that h e oe, and he believed thi s C our t wou ld the Cou r t was he justifiedkn inow t the ehat exacthe did. v a 1 n e of (Hear,the articlesbear ) be the entire value of the f w u "No, no.") It wasqtte willing to tell them. (Cries of so received, he was ever so limited in compariton with it was in the boudoir of the Prin (Hear.) He trusted that thus teas, that ho thought f perhaps better not to do so. e ar he had vindicated himself from this portion of the char atornade by the hon, member, aieti,sfy the Court that he of thuethe waits and strays entertainment. and he would now proceed alsog had nothing to do with what he cal or the " flotson and jetsam" laugh.) The f l / 2 4. cubiect to which he 170”.1d albedo was THE SUN. LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCIIMER 23, 1863. Frank Blair, a General and a member of Congress, the last two or three weeks addressi ng f rom St. an accomplished and ambitious man, has b een f or Louis very deliberate attacks against Mr. Chase and the President, ignoring their policy in general, and ing especially against th ose obstacles raised by nve the igh officers of the Custom s aga i nst the naviga tion of the Mississippi to which I alluded in one of my letters from St. Louis. More lately, Mr. Blair's brother, the Postmaster-General, a member of the Cabinet, has spoken out and written in the same sense, and his long-smothered hostility to Mr. Chase and to the Ultra - Republican faction in the Cabinet threatens to come to an open outbreak. The Western merchants endeavour to explain the recent rise in the price of gold—which is now at 1471—by the fact that Mr. Chase has effected large purchases of it at the New York market, and will endeavour, by further purchases, to keep it up at 150, with a view to prevent its exportation to Europe, and to compel the merchants to export pro duce instead. the trumpery one relating to the purchase of perfumery, soap, and articles of that description. He might mention that, instead of the amount paid for those articles being £lOB it was only LOS; and the committee, in reference to this matter, had acted precisely in the same manner as the committee who had the management upon the occasion of the entertainment to the distinguished guests of the In ternational Exhibition, Similar articles were provided for that entertainment, and the amount that was paid for them was £6B, but at the Royal banquet there were several addi tional rooms, and this would account for the increased amount. The Court would not forget that the committee were entrusted with the duty of providing for the comfort and accommodation of a great number of distinguished per sons, and he told them frankly that he, as chairman of the committee, and having regard to the duties that were en trusted to him, resolved that nothing that money could purchase should be wanted, The hon. member, in the course of the speech he had made on the previous occasion, had made a graceful allusion to the King of Dahomey and his negro wives ; and all the notice he (Mr, Truscott) should take of this part of his speech was, to express a sincere hope that if ever the King of Dahomey and any of his wives should pay a visit to this country that the hon. member might be appointed chairman of a committee to provide the necessary accommodation for them ; and he had no doubt that if he were so appointed he would then en deavour to turn black into white, as he had on the present occasion endeavoured to turn white into black. (A laugh.) Another charge that was made against the committee was, that they had purchased china and glass to the amount of £6OO from a member of the Corporation—Alderman Copeland. The answer to this was, that it was left to the committee to take care that everything was done in the best manner, and that the most tasteful and elegant articles were provided for the entertainment ; and they looked about and obtained tenders from the best people in the trade, and six houses sent in such tenders, and they selected what they thought were the best articles. These were all manufactured especially for the purpose, and he could inform the hon. member that by the price that was realised for them the Corporation was a gainer to the ex tent of £lOO by the difference of what would have been paid if such articles had been obtained upon loan ; and he might remind them that this sum would pay the whole cost of the perfumery to which the hon. mem ber made so much objection, (Hear, hear, and a laugh.) He would next allude to the charge of having improperly disposed of what the hon. member called " waifs and strays," He had estimated the value of these articles at £6OO, but he (Mr. Truscott) would inform the Court that the utmost valu e o f these articles was £l5O, and out of that was to be dedu c t e d the value of some ivory brushes orna mentally engr ave d with the Princess's arms, which were delivered to hi s w if e under the resolution of the committee to which he had referred. The other "waifs and strays" consisted of some ivory hairbrushes, some bottles of eau-de- Cologne, only partly full, some perfumery, some scent bottles, from w hi ch a portion had been taken, and soap that had also been used. All these things were laid before the committee, and they considered what was best to be done with them ; and he would tell the Court that they considered it wasnot advisable, and that it would not have been credit able to the Corporation of London, or to its dignity, that such articles should have been disposed of by public auction, and they therefore did what was usual in such cases, divided them by lot among the members of the committee. (Hear, hear.) The hon. member also taunted them with having spent £l5O in personal decorations, and £2OO in luncheons, and dinners, and the Court would judge what was the value of this charge. His horn friend must have been aware that the committee were ordered to provide themselves with Court dresses, and if be did not know what the expense of this was he could tell him, that it cost the twenty mem bers of the committee one thousand pounds to carry out this order o f the Court, and to uphold the credit and dignity of their position. This being so, ho would ask the court whether it was not really a monstrous thing to make a grave charge against the committee because they had taken thirty or forty shillings' worth of such miserable articles as had been referred to. The next complaint he had to answer was with regard to £2OO having been paid for luncheons and dinners, and to no larger a sum being allowed to other committees for their services during an entire year. Had the Court, however, any idea of what this committee had to do ? They had actually met seventeen times, they were always engaged from an early hour in the morning until 4 or 5 in the afternoon, and upon some occasions they had sat as late as 12 o'clock at night, and under these cir cumstances m ould the Court consider that this charge is anything more than reasonable ? (Hear.) The hon. mem ber had also talked about the conduct of the committee be ing " nuts" to Sir George Grey, but he would only observe that, if there were any nuts at all in the case, his friend had provided them, and not only the nuts but the crackers; and he would add that when they were cracked he believed they would be found as empty as the charges he had made against the committee. He had also referred to the "handle" the Metropolitan Board of Works would make of the transac tion, and said that they would make it a ground for saying that persons who acted in the manner the committee were alleged to have done were not fit to be entrusted with the carrying out of great public improvements; but in reply to this he (Mr. Truscott) would say, in conclusion, that they did not care for the Metropolitan Board of Works; but would appeal to the public, and refer to their bridges, the streets they had already opened up, the gaols they had built, and the markets they had erected. He thought also that, notwithstanding the unfounded charges which had been made by the hon. member, the Corporation might point to the entertainment given on the Bth of June as one that would for all time redound to the honour and credit of the Corporation of the city of London. (Hear, hear.) At the conclusion of the speech of the hon. gentleman there was a burst of loud and continued cheering. Mr. Deputy DE JERSEY rose and suggested that it would be better, at that late hour of the day, and as there was a good deal of other business to be done, if there were to be any debate, it should be adjourned. Mr. TRUSCOTT said he was not aware whether there was to be any discussion or not. His only duty was to ask the Court to receive the report and agree tc it, and the Court might take any course it thought proper. Mr. ROWE then moved that the report be printed and a copy sent to every member of the Court, and that its further consideration be adjourned, which was agreed to, and the subject then dropped. THE IRISH SOCIETY. Deputy RATHBONE moved that the Lord Mayor be ap• pointed Governor of the Irish Society in the room of the late Alderman Humphery. Alderman DAKIN seconded the motion, which was car ried unanimously. The LORD MAYOR briefly thanked the Court for the honour it hsd conferred upon him by appointing him to this important office, and he said he received it as an additional proof of the satisfaction they felt at the manner in which he had performed the duties that had devolved upon him. (Hear.) He said he could assure them that the took a very great interest in the prosperity of the ancient Irish colony of the corporation, and in the i m po r tant post to which they had el ec t e d him he would d o a ll i n hi s power to develop the resources of their Irish property and to enhance the inte rests of the Corporation. (Cheers.) THE GoVERNORSIIIP OP ST. BARTHOLOMEW'S HOSPITAL. Deputy SCAMELL brought up a report from the General Purposes Committee, having reference to the a ppointment of Mr. Cubitt, M.P., the late Lord Mayor, as one of the Governors of St. Bartholomew's Hospital. The Corporation, it will be remembered, claim under their ancient rights to appoint an alderman as ono of the governors of the four Royal Hospitals; but it appears that at the time Mr. Cutitt was appointed lie had resigned his aldermanic gown, and a case was submitted to Sir F. Kelly, Sir Hugh Cairns, Mr. Bovill, Q.C., the Recorder, the Com mon Sergeant, and the Comptroller, as to whether the ap pointment, under those circumstances, was a legal one. The report stated that these high legal authorities had given an opinion that it was not, and they advised that the question should be tried by a writ of quo warranto. Some little discussion took place upon this question, every one of the speakers disclaiming the slightest intention of doing anything disrespectful to the late worthy alderman, who, they said, no one could be acquainted with without entertaining for him the highest esteem and respect; but it was urged that, as the Corporation had, at various times, subscribed in hard cash towards the maintenance of this hospital no less a sum than £ 153,000, in addition to other w hich might be infrin ge d b y privileges of t t h h e e Ccoourprtowraatsjobno,und to protect the right s and other parties if the present election was allowed to form a precedent. The report was agreed to, and the City Solicitor was directed to take the necessary steps in the matter. Alderman Dakin was appointed one of the Conservators under the Thames Conservancy Act, in the room of the late Alderman Humphery. The Court then adjourned, after a protracted sitting. Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur chasing Horniman's pure Tea; very choice at 3s. 4d. and 48. "High Standard" at 4s. 4d. (formerly 4s. Bd.), is the strongest and most delicious imported. Agents in every town supply it in packets. - - - RELIEF OF TUE DISTRESS IN LANCASHIRE.-- The Times gives the following as a compendious account of the recipients of relief at successive periods of the cur. rent year :- From Guardians From both From Local Total (out-door) Guardia,94and Committees Number only. Local Committees. only. Relieved. January 82,156 .. 133,839 .. 235,741 .. 456,786 February 65,946 .. 141,019 .. 233,564 .. 440,529 March 70,500 133,002 222,909 .. 426,411 April 69,515 114,6 • • 180.247 .. 364,419 May 67 766 .. 93,124 .. 133,391 .. 294 ,981 June 73,263 78,176 104,792 .. 256,230 July 78,417 56,618 . • 78,933 .. 214,115 August 85,264 49,594 • • 70,493 .. 205,261 September 87,079 .. 41,916 .. 55,630 . • 184,62:5 Thouzh th', Board of Guardians are now relieving 87,000 persons instead of 82,000, the total numbers relieved from all sources have fallen by successive decresements from nearly half a million to 181,000. In December last no fewer than 247,230 cotton operatives were out of work altogether, whil e 165,600 were on short time and 1 21,129 only on full time. At the end of last month these proportions were reversed, for 257,962 were in full work, 104,198 c Short work, and only 160,835 out of wort' entirrAy, SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—It is an ill wind that blows no good, and the garotte robberies of last winter have certainly given rise to a reconsideration of the whole question of Prison Discipline which bids fair to restore it to its simple and natural use. The subject was imme diately taken up at some of the Quarter Sessions, and the matter does not appear to have been allowed to drop. The Hampshire justices appointed a com mittee last Epiphany Sessions to consider the subject, and we published their report onTaesday, illustrated by some excellent remarks from Lord Carnarvon, who appears to have been the principal member of the committee. Like every other improvement, the sug gestions of the report seem likely to be contested in the interest of the ratepayer, for one gentleman " thought it incumbent on him to raise a voice of solemn warning" that, if the magistrates adopted the scheme, they might be called upon to sanction, " not a three-farthing, but a penny rate." The dread of so awful a consequence, even for a time, will probably make it" incumbent" on some gentle men, who think immediate economy the first duty of administration, to do their best to oppose the scheme; but it would be a vast improvement on the existing system, and the considerations which have led to it deserve general attention. Lord Carnarvon proposes, in the first place, to inflict hard labour much more severely, and for a longer time, than has hitherto been the custom in Winchester Gaol. The maximum length of labour has hitherto been only eight hours, but it is proposed to lengthen this to ten hours, and to make eight of these severe labour on the treadmill. At the same time the prisoners are to be divided into classes, according to the length of time that they have been under sentence, the lowest class containing those who are suffering the first month of their imprisonment, and the highest those who have been in gaol 12 months ; and when we say that the report only requires this last class to leave three hours a day of treadwheel or crank labour, the remainder of the hours of work being employed in lighter work or industrial occu pation, the scheme will not be considered excessively severe. It is proposed, then, that the lighter or industrial labour should gradually take the place of the harder and mere penal kinds, but that this alleviation in a prisoner's punishment should be made entirely dependent on his good conduct in the lower classes. The report, also, very wisely insists that this good conduct shall be estimated, not by the facile judgment of sanguine and good natured officials, but by the prisoner's actual exer tion in voluntary industrial work. He is supposed, in short, to earn his relief by steady labour beyond what is imposed upon him. The Report contains, at the same time, suggestions for increasing the severity of all the concUtions of prison life. It pro poses to diminish the hours of sleep ; to put a stop to, or greatly limit, the habit of outdoor exercise; and to reduce the diet, by eliminating from it, as far as possible, all animal food. It aims, in short, at making the punishment of imprisonment as sharp and severe as possible, and, at the same time, giving the prisoner the opportunity of softening it by pre cisely the same means as those by which a man earns a position and a character in actual Efe—that is by honest and steady labour. It is quite certain, from the nature of the regulationswhich these suggestions propose to supplant, that some great increase in the severities of prison life had become necessary. It would be hardly credible on any other authority that open air exercise has become of late years a substitute for hard labour ;" that " in all graver offences the food of the prisoners is very superior to that of the poor population;" that as much as ten hours was regularly allowed for sleep; and that, finally, " a library has been established, in ‘;which secular books of an interesting character are lent to the prisoners." Aed to this that the rule of silence has been so laxly enforced that a mutinous combination was detected in the prison, and we certainly have a state of things which re lieves solitary confinement of half its terrors. We have the picture of a prisoner who does a small amount of task work in the course of the day, re lieves himself by an easy amount of out-door exer cise, enjoys more rest at night than is possible for any labourer or man of business, and more, indeed, than is good for his own health, and diverts the monotony of his leisure hours by reading "secular works of an interesting character." If the county magistrates themselves have not the common sense to change such idle regulations we can only say it must and certainly will be done, sooner or later, by public authority. This report rightly declares that penal discipline is, after all, the first and principal part of the treatment of a prisoner. The sentence is a punishment, and it is only an adaptation of its terms which enables it to be used for any other pur pose. It cannot possibly be pretended that the only object which the law has in view in its penalties is the reformation of the criminal. Such a considera tion would make all capital punishment, and even penal servitude for life, an absurdity. The simple, undeniable object of affixing penalties to laws is to deter criminals by the fear of punishment, and consequently the first duty of those who have to administer the law is to make punishment real and painful. If, besides this, they can employ the opportunities given them by having the prisoners for a long time under their control in extir pating their bad habits, so much the better, and an extra farthing rate for the purpose, if it can be carried out, ought not to be grudged. But this is merely a right and prudent use of an accidental advantage, and ought to be kept strictly subordi nate to the first purpose. Let the justices first carry out the intention of the law, and then indulge their philanthropy. Besides, the practice recently grown up defeats its own ends. To a thorough crimi nal, such as most of those who are committed to our county gaols, there is no such reforming agent as severe punishment. Lord Carnarvon draws, perhaps, too marked a line of distinction between penal and reformatory discipline. Penal discipline by its very nature is reformatory, wherever reform is possibie. The cases are very rare, if they occur at all, where a man once committed to bad habits is induced to stop in them by any other reason than the fear of the consequences—that is of punishment. A burnt child fears the fire, but it only learns to fear the fire because it burns, and there are hundreds of men and women who only learn wisdom by experience, which in most cases is punishment. The tread wheel and the crank are as wholesome and natural conse quences of forgery as a burn is of putting one's hand in the fire, and if children or criminals were to find that they could play with fire with comparative im punity we should soon be involved in a general con fiagration. This report, therefore, wisely proposes to commence in all cases with a sharp and severe punishment, and only to lead the prisoners to new courses when they are thoroughly sickened with the consequences of the old ones. Let them find they have burnt their fingers, and then learn to employ themselves with more harmless things than fire. We trust that none of the paltry economy we have referred to will prevent the adoption of such principles as these. From some statements in the course of the debate on the report it really seemed as if the relaxation of the prison rules had arisen to a considerable extent from some such foolish motive, The want of a sufficient number of cranks, and the bad construction of those which existed, seem to have led to the gradual diminution of hard labour, and it appeared that a stricter discipline in the pri son could not be enforced without a larger number of warders. But to hesitate to introduce these re forms from dread of a penny instead of a three-far thing rate is, not to be penny wise and pound foolish,—it is to be penny foolish and pound mad. Under the present system we pay much more thah a farthing rate in an increased number of criminals, an increased loss of property, and an increased inse curity. To secure an efficient administration of criminal law can never be anything but a sound economy. DAILY NEWEL—When the Southern party was dominant at Washington, and conquests, annexa tions, and filibustering expeditions were the en grossing occupation of American statesmen, a phrase was current by which it was imagined that all law less aggression was excused and justified, or rather by which the blame was wholly transferred to the weaker resisting party. Mexican wars, Tex an annexations, Nicaragua expeditions were not to be imputed as a fault, for it was the " manifest destiny" of the United States to overpower and absorb its neighbours. The phrase, we believe,was pi egiarised from a customary e xpression of the Fi rs t N apo l eon. It did not, however, impose on the understandin g of honest men either in the New or the Old World. The " force of circumstance" is a plea as old as the race, and may be employed to excuse every act of wrong. Nothing is easier than for States or indi viduals to place themselves by. one irrevocable step in circumstances which make a certain course of conduct inevitable without making it right. Recent events are suggesting the inquiry—has ~,treat Bri tain, too, a " manifest destiny ?'"flaat her general policy at all resembles that which is identified with the American Presidents of the last thirty years her bitterest enemy will not allege. But her best friends may well be anxious when they hear particular lines of national action which have led to events with which nobody is satisfied, palliated with the same equivocal faltering excuses which they have rejected when urged to cover the acts of other nations. Take the latest news from Japan. A squadron of the fleet of which we are so justly proud has just visited Kagesima, one of the cities of t hat countr y , to de mand satisfaction ' of Prince Satsuma, who appears to be master there. Not receiving a suitable reply, our Admiral opened fire, and in a few hours was able to report, " Wholetown in flames ;" and again, on the following day, City one mass of ruins." Kagosima. which we have destr o y e d so easily, was the home of an immense population, said to number 180,000 people. It would be a considerable relief if some great Minister, or in his default a great Minister's journalist, could assure us that he is delighted with this brilliant feat, and would give us some reasons for sharing his satisfac tion. is it honour or profit that we are to reap from the destruction of Kagosima ? Whichever it may be we could better have spared it. It we exa mine the steps by which we have advanced to this catastrophe we find that—assuming that we did right in the first place to force ourselves on a nation that was known to dread intercourse with foreigners —we find that they were all unimpeachable. We have not been hasty ; we have not been angry. Our deportment, in fact, has been most exemplary. We have advanced with a calm air and words of mode ration to do a deed which is terrible to think of. One of our countrymen had been murdered in Japan, and the Government was too weak to seize the mur derers, believed to be the retainers of Prince Sat suma ; so we resolved to take the redress which caul d not be given. We have destroyed a city, and with it a great number of innocent people ; it is not said that we have destroyed Prince Satsuma. " But what were we to do ?" it is asked. What indeed ! It was " manifest destiny." HERALD.—We have no difficulty in giving Lord Russell credit for a sincere desire—subordinate, of course, to the all-engrossing love of distinguishing himself—to see Poland pacified and the Poles in the enjoyment either of the absolute independence they claim or of the privileges which were accorded them by the Treaties of Vienna. At the same time we have not the slightest hesitation in saying, and shall not have the slightest difficulty in showing, that his lordship, in his efforts to help the Poles, has done them as much injury as it was possible for an English statesman to do. His despatches to St. Petersburg, his active exertions to obtain the assent of his allies to the presentation of a quasi-ultimatum to Russia, encouraged the insurgents with the hope of European intervention, and stimulated them to carry on the war by immense sacrifices, only to find all their hopes disappointed and see themselves left to contend alone with the gigantic resources of Russia, embittered by the prolongation of the struggle and the interference of foreign Powers. Sad as have been the consequences for the Poles, an indulgent critic may find some excuse for these mistakes of his lordship in the popular outcry that something should be done when circumstances ren dered it impossible to do anything useful. Bat his last grand coup—his parting fling at Russia—can find no excuse. It is the heaviest blow yet struck at Poland, the greatest possible concession to Russia. It is the renunciation of the right of England to re monstrate at St. Petersburg on behalf of the Poles ; the release of the Emperor of Russia from all the conditions on which he holds Poland; the deprival of the Poles of all the remaining safeguards of their national independence and existence; and his lord ship actually fancies that all the while be is dealing a heavy blow to Russia, paying off Prince Gods-- chakoff for his rebuffs, and helping the Poles. The Foreign Secretary has declared, in the name of England. that the Treaties of Vienna, so far as they concern Poland, are null and void. He intimates to the Russian Government that the sanction then given to its possession of a portion of old Poland is withdrawn, and that no further right than that of conquest can be recognised. It may be that his lordship has not remitted the formal decree of for feiture to St. Petersburg, as has been stated with great confidence in quarters likely to be well in formed. He may still hope to overcome the reluc tance of Austria to commit herself to so dangerous a measure—dangerous to her not only in its immediate consequences, but in the precedents which may be drawn from it. But it matters very little. The Russian Government must take note of his words at Blairgowrie ; it must take note of the efforts he has made to obtain from France and Austria an identi cal declaration of forfeiture. And it must take note of them with a pleasure which it may be too politic, too polite, to eApress, but which must nevertheless be excessive. Poland no longer exists as a separate country; the Poles are no longer a nation, except in the eyes of ethnologists. Politically they disap pear from the face of Europe with the winds that carry away the torn fragments of the Treaties of Vienna. Austria, Prussia, and Russia will have Polish provinces and Polish subjects, but there is no kingdom of Poland. Posen and Gallicia, and War saw, or however else it may be called, will show where once Poland was. The treaties of Vienna, sadly violated as they have been by all the Powers partitioners of Poland, have kept alive the Poles as a nation. The kingdom of Poland was there—a visible sign of its existence—a sign which Russia did not venture to remove. If the Russian Govern ment violated, or as it says, interpreted in another way from the other powers, the treaties of Vienna, it never ventured to disregard them. It always re cognised that it held Congress Poland upon other conditions than the rest of the empire. It always maintained the distinct administration stipulated in the treaties ; it never ventured upon such measures against the Polish language as were employed in Posen, and the vast majority of its officials have always been Poles. Had the treaty not existed the Czar Nicholas would certainly not have waited a month after the suppression of the insurrection of 1830 to incorporate the kingdom of Poland in the Russian Empire ; to have removed all distinc tion between its provinces and the rest of the em pire, and to have suppressed as far as suppression was possible the Polish language, habits, and reli-• gion. It lay then at his mercy. No Power would or could have interfered. But he felt that he held that part of Poland at least upon conditions, and although he interpreted some of those conditions in a different sense from Lord Palmerston and Lord Heytesbury, Count Sebastiani, and Prince Talley rand, he did not repudiate any one of the obliga tions they imposed. It is due to that recognition of his treaty obligations that Poland still lives. Thirty years of incorporation with Russia, 30 years of go vernment by Russian functionaries, 30 years of sup pression of the Polish language and the energetic prosecution of measures which would have killed the national feeling, and Poland would have been forgotten. She might have rebelled as now, but what power would have interposed on her behalf ? Lord Russell had no other ground than the treaties of 1814-15 to justify his intervention ; without such a justification no English Government would have offered a word of remonstrance against any mea sures of Russia. Now the Poles, by the act of their warmest friends, are deprived of all this protection. Russia is declared to have forfeited all the rights which the treaties gave her to Poland, and losiiig all the rights so given she is released from all the obligations which were the conditions of those rights. She holds Poland now, Lord Russell de ciares, by conquest. With that de facto possession he has no thought of meddling, It is now, there fore, perfectly within the competence of Russia to suppress the Polish kingdom as such, to incorporate its whole territory in the empire, to subject it to the common Russian administration, to suppress every national institution, to put Russian officials in every position, and make Russian the language of all administrative acts. The Great Powers—for France will no doubt follow the English example ; she has reasons of her own for aiding in every blow at the treaties of 1815—have cut their only ground for interference from under their feet, and can offer no remonstrance. Thus the Poles are left, in the sup pression of a struggle which has cost them enormous sa pprr c oe r tt i ee fi ne c tc e oe s r , so a fh bo ah s ve ell helping ia t n e bg l a y nt a dh t oe nr a t h e. d e m t Lh e eo r mrt c rd y u ce o o f m ussia. Their pi Russell'snl e s t e p l a v oe I n ca l n na d zr. w e a r Lion of their forf e it ure i s the It may be better for the Poles that it should be so. Better that an end should be put once for all to hopeless struggles which perpetuate a misery they cannot cure. Better that, abandoning dreams of Polish national life, they should submit to their destiny, and take the civil and religious liberties they will once lay aside their national aspirations, are to be had for the asking. But that is not their opinion now ; it is not the opinion of Lord Russell; it has not been the object of the Eng lish Government; and even those Englishmen who have never seen the slightest chance of Polish triumph, who have regretted the useless slaughter, and have hoped that the Poles would seek liberty in the only way they can find it—in the acceptance of the fate which has made them Russian subjects — must feel ashamed of such a blunder. [ADvEnvismitENT.]—Holloway's Ointment and Pills. — Sate and Sure.—Day by day are cases of ulcers, wounds, sores, contractions, and deformities cured by these well esteemed remedies, after all other means have been tried in vain. Varicose veins, and all descriptions of sores, which seem to defy the best surgical skill, succumb in a short time to the soothing, healing, and puri fying properties of Holloway's Ointment and Pills. They o perate both locally and constitutionally ; they strengthen both capillaries and nerves, and regulate the circulation of the blood. The most valued testimonials aro constantly received from persons whom chance directed to Holloway's safe and certain remedies, and which effected a complete cure even after the constitution seemed thoroughly broken down. [ADVERTISEMENT.] —Consumption, all nervous, bilious, liver, and stomach complaints, in every stage, are only ag gravaten and accelerated by drugs of every description, but perfectly curable by Du Harry's health restoring Revalenta Arabica Food, as proved by thousands of cases which had been considered hopeless. We quote a few.—Cure No. 62,914. Miss Lange, 18 years of age, cured after the medical men had abandoned all hopes of her recovery from the last stage of pulmonary consumption , w ith fearful cough, expectoration. exhaustion, spitting of b lood, perspirations, hollow cheeks, healthy, emaciated b l toskeleton. oo a ming.fl e She is now, thank God, a perfectly s h y girl.—N. Lange, Commissaire d e Police. Cure, No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimiey Surrey, of ihirty years' diseased lungs, spitting ofbloreeds,ilsitveedr, derangement. and part ial deafness.—Cure, No. 47,121, miss Eli za b e th Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion' g ath er ings, low spir its, and nervous fancies.—C ure , No' 54,816. Ibe Rev. James T. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, o f i n digestion and tor p idit y of the liver, which had a ll m edical treatme nt. In tins, 11b, 25 9d ; 2lb, 4 s 6d , 51b, 121 b, 225; 241 b, 40 s . B a rr y du Barry and Regent - s treet, London ; also Fortnum and Mason; 0 an ' d . 77, all g rocers and chendati in every town of the Unitedlitnolom AN AFRICAN GENTLEMAN, After being duly scrubbed, the gentleman proceeds to his robing court, where sundry large boxes, like sea-chests, contain his dresses and ornaments. Ha is extremely fastidious about the choice of his toilette, opening, and per haps tying on, a dozen cloths before one suits his fancy, He will kiss it in token of admiration or respect if it has be longed to h's ancestors: A silk pocket handkerchief is then folded triangularly and passed through a loop in the knife seabbard—like the British sailor, they are abandoning the clasp knife for the bowie form—which is thus attached to the right side. His skin is then polished up with a littlo palm oil, and his neck, wrists, and ankles are adorned with. strings of coral or beads, and substantial metal or ivory rings, sometimes decorated with his English name cut out, or "fixed" in various coloured tacks. Finally, his wool is carded, with a comb made of bamboo, whose three or four long prongs are fit only for a horse's mane, and a casquette of broadcloth supplants the scarlet night-cap, fashionable in former days. The kerchief intended for hand use is hung, cravat or scarf like, round the neck or wrist. Here, as in the Highlands, pockets are wanting. The toilette being thus finished, breakfast is served. It is a little dinner, ordinarily consisting of fowl, fish, mashed yam, soup, and tombo, or palm-wine, the latter, however, hard, tasting like soapsuds, and very intoxicating. The cooking is excellent when English dishes are not attempted. . . The meal always concludes with an external application of soap and water. After the breakfast tombo is drunk, the warm and savoury nature of the food requiring copious draughts. It is a diuretic, and promotes perspiration, so many a gallon will disappear in the course of a day. When the natural appetite fails, they suck slices of the acid lime, or chew kola nut, or eat ossessossa, a tasteless yellow berry, with a large stone and little pulp, which is said. to increase intoxication. When half-drunk the gentle man retires to a cool room, where, fanned by young girls in a state of nature, he sleeps away the sultry hours of noon. After the siesta he receives or pays visits to his friends, being careful not to appear without armed slaves carrying his large juju and his snuff-box. He does not dip finger and thumb into the latter, but pours it into the pales of the hand, and leisurely makes up a pinch. Whenever he meets a white man he shakes hands, or rather cracks fingers, holding the crackee's index between the forefinger and thumb of the right hand—the left is devoted to another purpose—and loosing snaps them together. It is a knack somewhat difficult to acquire properly. The inferior chiefs and upper slaves are devoted to gambling; all cheat when they can, and a man after losing his supplies, which repre sent coin, will part with his beads, armlets, and anklets, next follow knife, nightcap, loin cloth, and lastly his wives, relations, and himself. Some of them have proved adepts at European games, especially draughts. When the gentle man stays at home, he performs upon some native instru ment, grinds a barrel-organ. or enjoys a musical box, a throng of his wives and children peeping through the doorway. Or he looks at conjuring tricks, and perchance jokes with his jester, some slave, whose dry humour, sharp tongue, salt wit, and power of mimicry have made him favourite. Africans are uncommonly keen in perceiving and in caricaturing any ridicule—they have never, how ever, attained the dizzy height of art in the days of Thesp;s. A dinner similar to breakfast is eaten at 4to 5 p.m. * * It is wound up by smoking and drinking tombo, to which, however, at this hour, the ' damned distillation' is preferred, and the gentleman turns in drunk at midnight. The women and children pass their day in a far humbler manner—they begin at dawn by washing in the creek, they then repair to the artistess who performs the mysteries of body painting. The favourite colour is blue; red, how , . ever, is also used. * * The head woman, whose face and body, arms and legs, have thus been decorated, dresses herself in beads and shawls, or fine cloths, and sallies out after breakfast to see her friends. Sometimes she is re ceived with a nautoh, than which no cancan can be grosser—the more literal it is the more she enjoys it. * * * Women of the poorer sort pass their time in mak ing nets, hats, fishing-lines, and little mats. * * * Ladies who are not favourites' with the lords their hus bands, and all wives of poor men, perform servile work, fetching water, cutting and carrying fuel, fishing with seines, and smoking and drying the proceeds.— Wanderings in Western Africa. COUNTRY MARKETS. ---I- -- BRISTOL-THURSDAY. We had a good supply of wheat to-day, and last week's rates were about maintained. In foreign wheat ra ther more doing at prices unobtainable last week. Barley of all kinds in large supply, and fine samples sold freely. Oats sold at full prices. The trade in Indian corn rather more active. Beans dull. BIRMINGHAM—TsuitsDAY. During the present week transactions have been rather limited, and wheat has been held firmly at previous rates. To-day wheat was in fair supply, and English sold slowly at last Thursday's prices. American held for an advance. Barley and oats 6d per qr lower. Beans and peas as of late. English wheat was sold at 44s to 48s for white, and 40s to 44s per 36 stone for red. Barley, new malting, 36s to 42s per qr ; grinding, 26s to 30s Oats, old, 24s to 30$ per 30 stone ' • Irish, 21s tof2ss. Beans, lOs to 44s per qr. Peas, 36s to 44s per 36 stone. MANCHESTER-THURSDAY. At our market this morning the demand for wheat was very limited. English new dry samples held for the prices of this day se'nnight, and damp parcels would have been parted with at less money. Good runs of foreign saleable to a moderate extent; lower qualities neglected. Flour ex ceedingly difficult of sale, and 6d to Is per sack lower. Oats and oatmeal firmer. EDINBURGH GRAIN—Ocr. 21. A large supply of farmers' wheat to-day, which met a dull sale at about the prices of last week. Barley met a slow sale, and prices is per qr down. Beans were slow of sale. Oats dull, and is lower. Wheat on the top 2s Od up. average Os 3d down. Barley on the top Os 6d up ..........average Os 7d down. Oats on tho top 2s 6d down average is Od down. Beans on the top 4s 9d up ..average is 2d up. Total Supply and Sales. Wheat ...1110 qrs Sold 618 qrs 8ar1ey........2356 qrs Sold 1633 qrs Oats Beans 2l qrs Sold 13 qrs Flour sells as follows :—Whites, 383 0d ; extras, 36s Od ; superfine„34B Od; fine, 32s Od. DERBY SMIT lELD-0 CT, 20. Beet Mutton .. Lamb ... 8d to —d Rough fat, 3s 9d per stone. Rides, 3d to 41,d; calf skins, 5d to 6d. Foreign Mail. Packet List. MAILS DUE. &ustralia and Mauritius, via Southampton .. Nov. 19 * via Marseilles Nov. 13. brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet Nov. 4. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena Oct. 29. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton Nov. 2. via Marseilles Oct. 27. Falkland Islands ... Gibraltar, via Southampton Oct. 26. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Oct. 26. via Marseilles Oct. 27. India (Bombay), via Southampton .. Oct. 26. via Marseilles Oct. 21. Portugal.... Nov. 4. Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Oct. 25. via Marseilles Oct. 21. Newfoundland .. Oct. 28. Oporto and Vigo .. U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.... Oct. 22 __ _ ~ • 'by U.S. packet by Canadian packet Oet. 23. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriiie Nov. 10. Bahamas, via New York Oet. 22, Mexico.. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, i Oct. 29. California. and British Columbia.. "JuLLIEN's CONCERTS" are about once more to challenge the attention of London pleasure-seekers. The once magic name is borne by the son of the late Oaf, M. Louis Jullien. He announces a six weeks' series of Pro menades, to begin on the 2d November, at Her Majesty's Theatre. Births. ASHBURNHAM.—On the 21st Mat., at Aehburnham House, the Countess of Ashburrham, of a son. BARRINGTON. — On the 21 s t A ug., at Melville, near Cape Town, the Hon. Mrs. Henry Barrington, of a daughter. CARR. — On the 22d inst. at The Knoll, Blackheath, Mrs. Mark William Carr, de son. DENT.—On the 22d Inst., at The Grove, Balham, the wife of Stanley Dent, Esq., of a daughter. Marriages. BEAT SON - -STORES.—On the 21st inst., at Worfield Church. Shropshire, David Beatson, Esq., youngest son of the late John Beatson, Esq., of Rotherhithe, Surrey, to Sarah Catherine, youngest daughter of the late Michael Smith Stokes, Esq., of Roughton, near Bridgnorth, Shropshire. RIFT—SURMON.—On the 21st last, at Saint Stephen's, Islington, Robert G. Rist, daughter of Henry Surmon) of Edwardes-terrace, Ken sington, to Ellen, youngest Esq., of Canonb ury V illas, Islington. Deaths. BULLER.—On the 19th inst., at Edinburgh, Lieut. Edward B„,x , aged 59. one of the Naval Knights of WindiOrp BLIGH.—On the 21st inst., at Clifton, Mr. James Blight Jun., of the firm of Messrs. J. and 0. Bligh, aged 49. FLETCHER.—On the 20th inst., at Berated Lodge, B og nor, John Ballett Fletcher, Esq., Esq., J.P., of Sussex and Lincolnshire, aged 55. PETERS.—On the 21st inst ,at The Grange, Kilburn, Mid dlesex, Thomas Peters, Esq., aged 85. TICHBORNE —On the 22d inst., Everard Francis, infant Ben of Sir Alfred and Lady Tichborne, aged 10 months. WILAIOT.—On the 15th Aug , killed in action on board H.M.S. Luryalus, in Japan, Commander Ed. Wilmot , third son of Sir Henry S. Wilmot, Bart., of uhaddes den. London : Prinzal and Pubfishect by WILLIAM ANDII.E7Ve , of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SUN Office No. 1 1 ' , o Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, *n the County of brithilenr,--Friday, October 23, 1863. ■ ■ air / 1 : Lu wb ink Vei sail Kitt Carg N, said Ni the T who Ma j, Iron, each ratel Fc lain( betv, Te and at 01 1 ,1 1 tl 12 0, v lr ...ro rn au.,„, i at 18 63 stati bet. % 4 eliN be Otitt and T r 186 3 , to et int At ber, For( man taint twee delis outs 863, trar., in t 1 .8113 Fors blab [a tm Fc bet% Tk tlelll Opt,. be n, and Inen 444 btu, lin t Zak