The Sun. — London, England, 1863-05-13 00:00:00

nIPERIAL P HOUSE OF LORDS—Last Evening. The LORD CaItNCELLOR took his seat on the woolsack at the u. - ttal hour. PETITIONS. The Earl of SHAFTESBURY presented a number of petitions from Blackfriars and other parts of London on behalf of Poland. The Marquis of NORMANBY presented petitions from Raman Catholic congregations in Scotland in favour of the Prison Ministers Bill. THE VOLUNTEERS. Lord HARDINGE asked the noble earl the Secretary for War whether he had any objection to lay upon the table of the house a copy of the regulations relative to the volun teer force which had been promised by his predecessor (Sir G. C. Lewis). Earl DE GREY and RIPON said the late Sir G. C. Lewis had not, promised to lay these regulations before Par liament ; but be would, on the second reading of the bill, which would be before the House of Commons this week, state the nature of these regulations. They would merely refer to the discipline of the force which would be necessary to entitle them to the proposed Government allowance. LONDON (CITY) TRAFFIC REGULATION BILL. On the motion for going into committee on this bill, Lord CHELMSFORD stated the object of the bill. The traffic through the City had of late years increased enor mously, and at some times its dimensions caused inconve nience. This bill would enable the Corporation to make bye laws to mitigate the evils of the present system. Cannon street had some years ago been widened, with the view of diverting into that channel part of the traffic flowing east and west; but the expectations then formed were not rea lised, as Cannon-street was not a favourite line for public vehicles. One day last year, between the hours of half past 12 and half-past 1, 291 omnibuses passed through Cheapside ; while, at the same time, only two passed through Cannon-street. It was found that, between 10 and 11 o'clock in the morning of one day, the number of vehicles which passed Bow Church was 1,255 ; and be tween 4 and 5 o'clock in the afternoon 1,252, while the number of vehicles entering the City daily was 57,765. The bill would enable the City authorities to regulate this enormous traffic. It was provided that the regulations to be licensed by the Lord Mayor and aldermen were not to come into operation until a month after they had re ceived the approval of one of her Majesty's Secretaries of State. Lord REDESDALE said the provisions of the bill were of a novel and stringent character. It was a large power to give any municipal body to allow them to determine what route should be taken by public vehicles. However, think ing such a measure to be necessary he did not offer any op position to it, contenting himself with bringing it under the attention of the house generally before it was adopted. Lord CRANWORTH thought power ought to be given to the Secretary of State to call upon the City authorities to adopt such additional regulations as he might think ne cessary. Lord CHELMSFORD thought the matter might be safely left with the City authorities. The Earl of DERBY called attention to the nuisance that wa s caused by the practice of driving a number of empty cabs backwards and forwards along the streets. A few days ago he had counted in Pall-mall 12 or 14 empty cabs mov ing slowly along, and in some cases two of them side by side, the drivers of them conversing. _ _ Earl GRANVILLE promised that steps would be taken, if such were possible, to abate the nuisance complained of. The motion was agreed to, and the bill passed through committee. _ _ CAYMAN ISLANDS BILL. This bill was read a third time, and, with the exception of certain words containing taxing powers, which could not be introduced in that house, passed. ELECTIONS DURING THE RECESS BILL. This bill passed through committee. LONDON DIOCESES BILL. This bill was read a third time and passed. HARBOUR OF • HOWTH. The Marquis of CLANRICA R DE moved for a copy of a memor i a l presented to the Treasury laet February relating to the harbour of Ho wth, and of the answer, if any, which had been given, and any minute of the Lords of the Trea sury thereupon. Earl GRANVILLE said no answer had yet been given. An Act of Parliament was necessary to effect the objects of the memorialists. The Lords of the Treasury had given instructions to prepare the bill for this purpose. Their lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS—Last Evening. The SPEAKER took the chair at the usual hour. THIRD READINGS. The Stockport District Rates Bill was read a third time. PETITIONS. Mr. P. TAYLOR, from the Emancipation Society of Lon don, stating that the petitioners viewed with abhorrence the building of war ships in this country for the Confederate States, and praying the Government to enforce the Queen's proclamation; Mr. A. SMITH, Truro, against the sale of intoxicating liquors on the Sabbath; an HON . . MEMBER, against the opening of the Botanic Gardens at Edinburgh on the Sabbath ; Mr. LOCKE, Southwark, against the amalgamation of the metropolitan with the city police, THE SUEZ CANAL. Mr. D. GRIFFITH gave notice that on Friday he should ask whether the Sultan had issued an edict against enforced labour on the Suez Canal, and if so whether the noble lord would give effect to the carrying out of the principle. THE MALT DUTY. Colonel BERKELEY gave notice on behalf of the hon. and learned member for East Suffolk (Sir F. Kelly) of his intention to move on Thunday, the 9th of June, for a select committee on the malt duty. HER MAJESTY'S SHIP MAJESTIC. Mr. HADFIELD asked the Secretary to the Admiralty if his attention had been called to an article which appeared in the Liverpool Mercury newspaper, respecting the flog ging of one of the crew of her Majesty's ship Majestic; whether the particulars therein stated were correct; whether the punishment was inflicted in the presence of a surgeon ; and if he would lay a copy of the proceedings of the court-martial before the house ? Lord C. PAGET said the statement referred to amounted to a foul and wicked libel affecting the character of one of the most distinguished officers in her Majesty's navy. (Hear, hear.) The libel on Captain Eaglefleld was almost too gross to state to the house. In effect, it set forth that when one of the men was flogged the captain, in giving the signal, smiled, that the man fainted under the punishment, and that he was then confined in a dark dungeon charged with loathsome air. It was unnecessary for him to state to the house the character which Captain Englefleld bore in the service. (Cheers.) Three times he had gone to the North Pole in search of Sir John Franklin—(cheers) —and he was well known as one of the most humane and kind-hearted officers in the navy. (Cheers.) When the petty officers read the calumny they came and denied it. The result was that th e y indited a letter, signed by 35 of them, to the newspaper, the Liverpool Mercury, which had first published the libel. This letter was a contravention of the orders of the service, because the Admiralty permitted no such publications in the newspapers, but as it had been published he would state its substance to the house. The noble lord read the letter, which state] that the captain apparently gave the order to the boatswain to begin the punishment with regret, and that he kept his eyes on the deck nearly the whole of the time ; that the man was re moved to the cockpit, where men were confined to prevent desertion, and that lamps were always burning there night and day; that the officers' cabins were on the same deck; that eases insubordination had occurred on board the ship/ and that some men could not be reformed though confined in cells afloat and ashore, and repeatedly punished for dis graceful acts. (Hear, hear.) It appeared the man struck his superior officer while on duty, and there were plenty of other acts of insubordination. (Hear. hear.) He trusted the house would agree with him in expressing he indignation at the publication of so scandalous a libel. (Hear, hear) It appeared, too, that this letterthat was sent with the name of another person ; in fact his nametme had been forged, and the writer was now under Judicial surveillance. AL LE GE.,..13 RI( a IN A ROMAN CATHOLIC `- } IATEL AT CAMBRIDGE. Mr. P 0 LL A.RD..17 ItQUHART, who had a question on the paper on this sntject, withdrew it, having received a satisfactory explanation from the parties interested at Cambridge. IRELAND.—SEIZURE OF CROPS. In reply to Colonel DuroTß, Sir R PEEL replied that he hoped to introduce a bill to prevent the seizure and sale of growing crops before Whitsuntide. SCHOOLS. Sir S. NORTHCOTE asked several questions with re spect to th© mode of dea,in g with th e payment of master; in Government schools. Mr. LOWE replied that the rules of the Privy Council were not likely to be altered. The managers of theschools would have to make gcod all the contracts into which they had entered wish their schoolmasters and schoolmistresses. ODO RUSSELL A \ D THE ROMAN BRIGANDS. Mr. P. lIEN.NESSY repeated his questions of lasi evening. Lord PALMERSTON could not understand why those questions were perpetuited, save to cause un pleasantness between the Duke de Montebello and Mr. Russell. It appeared that 260 brigands left the Roman States, and entered the Neapolitan territory attired d in French uniform, which w as easily effected, as t uniforms were sold to the Jews, and therefore the circum stance reflected no discredit on the French authorities. The Duke de Montebello spoke from information, so did Mr. Russell. It appeared th at these dresses were taken to the convents, where arms had been sent in herring cases, so that it was easy to make such a foray, and so attired. The agents of the Duke had not been very active, or the men co uld not have passed the frontier. As the Pope was a mere puppet in th e _ uande of the French authorities at Rome, it rested with the French to prevent the machinations of the com mittee, who instigated these offensive acts, to prevent this organised system of preventing men committing ravages on the Neapolitan territory. He believed a great es pedition was intended in the present month of May. Lord J, MANNERS called upon the noble lord to pro duce the papers which he had refuted to, according to the practice of the house. The noble lord hto not hesitated to make a very serious charge. Lord PALMERSTON replied that it was new to him that a Minister was bound to produce all documents to which he simply referred—if he read a despatch he was bound to produce it. He would, however, look at the despatch, and see whether there was anything in it. (Laughter.) lONIAN ISLANDS. Mr. ROEBUCK moved an address for copies of memo rials presented by Sir George Marcoras and Sir Typaldo Xydras on Sept. 16,1862, to his Excellency Major-General Sir Henry Storks, her Majesty's Lord High Commissioner in the lonian Islands. Mr. F ORTESCUE entered at length into an explana• tion of the rejection of the memorial of the judges referred to, and justified the course adopted ; and said he had no objection to the production of the papers. General PEEL, from official knowledge of Sir Henry Storks, bore testimony to his high character. He was the last man, he said, who would be guilty of an unconstitu • tional or a harsh action. Lord STANLEY thought the question should not be looked at as one personally affecting Sir H. Storks. Upon the face of the case, it appeared to be a wrong inflicted upon these two gentlemen, and Mr. Fortescue had made no answer to this case other than by showing, what was not denied, that the act was legal by the Constitution. All that Mr. Roebuck said was that these two gentlemen, in being dismissed without cause, had been placed in a position most unfair to them. Mr. EVANS likewise considered the answer of Mr. For tescue to be unsatisfactory, and that these two gentlemen had cause of complaint. Mr. COCHRANE agreed with Lord Stanley that these gentlemen had been placed in a most unfair position. Mr. HENLEY observed that the question in this case was not of power, but of discretion and of practice, and he could not gather from Mr. Fortescue why these gentlemen should not have been reappointed azcording to the almost uniform practice. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER reminded the house of the peculiar position of the lonian Islands to wards this country, and the difficulties attending their Government. He described from his own personal obecr. • vation the political condition of the islands and the state of parties there, the party of " Friends of the Protection" looking to the retention of office in their hands. It was not for him to say in what degree these two gentlemen were connected with parties ; but the Senate of the lonian Islands, at once a legislative and an executive body,in order to convince the lonian people of their intention to establish honestly a free government, thought it their duty not to re appoint these two gentlemen. All that Sir H. Storks could do was to put a veto on the act. The lonian authorities were not amenable to that house, which was not called upon to pronounce an opinion upon the merits of the act; he thought it a wise and just act. After a few words from Mr. CONINGHAM and a reply by Mr. Roebuck, the motion was agreed to. WASTE LANDS IN INDIA. Mr. H. SEYMOUR moved a resolution, " That the oc cupation of waste lands in India by settlers, and the re demption of a portion of the land tax of India, are desirable objects, especially with a view to the present state of the cotton industry of this country; and that it is expedient that her Majesty's Government take further steps to carry them out." He argued that the land tax of India was a heavy charge upon the soil; that such a joint ownership between the State and proprietor checked the accumulation of capital, restricted its flow, and interfered with improve ment; that if the land tax were done away the large expen diture upon public works, which was attended with evils, would be unnecessary, and that a larger amount would be Expended by the owners of the soil. He fortified his argu ment by the testimony of Indian officers, who were of opi nion that the measure would, moreover, have a tendency to ameliorate the condition of the agricultural classes, and be attended by indirect moral advantages to the native popula tion. He referred to the despatch of Lord Stanley in 1858, recommending the measure; to the general concurrence it had met with in India, and to the proclamation of Lord Canning to the same effect. He then subjected to a severe criticism the despatch of Sir C. Wood of July, 1862, can celling, he said, that of Lord Stanley—a despatch which he thought must have been written by an old East Indian director. He condemned the rules which Sir C. Wood had substituted for those prescribed by Lord Canning for the sale of waste lands, especially the auction system and the imperfection of the tenure; and inferred, from a case which he cited, that Sir Charles Wood had infused an illiberal spirit into the employes of the Irdian Government. He adverted to the vast quantities of waste land, of the most fertile character, in various parts of India, particularly in the Terai, a tract at the foot of the Himalayas, where are the remains of the cultivation of former periods ; and he insisted, therefore, that there was enough of this land for any number of European settlers, whom the rules of Sir C. Wood were, he said, calculated to deter. In a great cotton-growing empire like India the supply of cotton, which had increased in other countries, had rather decreased, the Government having denied to this culture the encou ragement given in one of our colonies. His object in this motion was, he said, not to prefer an indictment against Sir C. Wood; but he could not shut his eyes to a state of things in India which was not satisfactory. Mr. SMOLLETT viewed the policy of Sir C. Wood in a different light from that in which it had been placed by Mr. Seymour. He thought the alterations of Lord Canning's proclamation made by Sir Charles were founded in a just and liberal spirit, not departing from, but confirming, the principle of the proclamation. The outcry raised against the amended rules for the sale of waste lands came, he said, from a set of land-jobbers ; they had given the utmost satis faction to the natives of India. On the subject of the sale of waste lands he thought the proposed measure was a faulty one ;that in the plains, as regarded the settlement of Euro peans, it would be inoperative; and with regard to the re demption of the land tax he believed it was utterly impos sible, in the present state of India, to be carried out. Mr. BUXTON defended the amended rules for the sale of waste lands, and gave credit to Sir C. Wood for having ratified the scheme, though he dissented from his views as to the redemption of the land tax. Mr. VANSITTART made some remarks upon the state of the law of contract in India, approving the modifications of the rules for the sale of waste lands. Lord STANLEY expressed his regret that the two sub jects embraced in the resolution—namely, the redemption of the land tax and the sale of waste lands, were not sepa rately presented for discussion. With regard to the for mer he had been, and still remained, of opinion that a very considerable number would not avail themselves of the opportunity to redeem the tax, yet that it was most important to offer encouragement to that step, He com pared his own plan and that of Sir C. Wood for dealing with the land-tax, and stated his reasons for still preferring his own. As to the other subject, the sale of waste lands, he believed the quantity of these lands was practically un limited, and the question was how best to open them to Europeans or natives, and whether it was best done by Lord Canning or Sir C. Wood. He did not blame the latter for expressing his opinion of the rules promulgated by Lord Canning ; but he thought Sir C. Wood was wrong in de laying his revision of them. If a change was to be made, the very earliest notice ought to have been given. He then explained wherein he agreed with, and in what respect he differed from the modifications:made by Sir C. Wood in the rules laid down by Lord Canning, and his reasons for so doing. Colonel SYKES said, though without certain boundaries there was much vacant land in India, within them the quantity was much more limited than was supposed. Mr. J. B. SMITH suggested some modifications of the rules derived from the practice of the American Government. AYRTON denied that the ownership of the land in India was in the Government; on the contrary, he asserted that the native occupiers of the land were the owners of the fee simple of the land they occupied. He was satisfied with the despatch which Sir C. Wood had sent out to India. Sir C. WOOD began by vindicating himself and the Indian Government from the charge of neglecting to en courage the growth of cotton in India, appealing to docu ments before the house, to which Mr. Seymour had ab stained from referring, which proved the contrary. With regard to the sale of waste lands he had approved, he said, the whole of Lord Canning's resolutions, with only two ex ceptions, and he justified his overruling an act of the Indian Government in which they had been legally wrong, and had acted in excess of their authority. In dealing with waste lands it warseeto descriptionsbe remembered,of lan h d he observed, that there was three canaldledhewdasefteen,detdo the e hic r h different egulatienaheinhcatddents attached directed to ; be observed in their disposal— surveys and sale by auction, entering into very full details respecting the description and quality of the lands sold, and the prices obtained for them. Large quantities of land, he observed, lay waste or uncul tivated which the Government had no power to sell, it being the property of a zemindar or a village commuaity. The love of the people of India for their land was inconceivable. If there was anything more than another that would alie nate them it would be a feeling that we were trifling wish their rights of property. With respect to the redemption of i poaowabebnta sandesexctiattve thereea eqd x bdu , itico h eaus e ttwchhep a aeda g agr ee d had isaeaneeec existed tyfisi w tffacet i eehdni t r h eoe iofnnwLc:ehi between Stanley them.tha t up to e e a e r c t e a r n a y n large l oodlfei avif virtually ara population.tli yi o m n r ee o d f t e h Tm e hn land-tax-- a t d wh - ae t a x -- • - immemorial, at f: a n hx d e. Mr. SEYMOUR withdrew his motion. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES, Mr. W. EWART obtained leave to bring in a bill for decimalising our existing system of weights and measures, and for establishing an accordance between them and those of foreign countries. LEASES AND SETTLED ESTATES ACT AMEND MENT BILL. Mr. COX obtained leave to introduce a bill to amend the Leases and Sales of Settled Estates Act, 1856. MALTA NEW DOCK. Capt. TALBOT moved for a copy of all official correspon dence and reports of the late Admiral Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean station, and of the late Admiral Su. perintendent of Malta Dockyard, relating to the proposed new dock at Malta, and all other official correspondence bearing on the subject. He said that the cost of these works would greatly exceed the amount of the estimates, while the site selected was wholly unsuitable. The Admiralty had decided upon the plans against tha protest of the admiral on the stai ion and other authorities on the subject. Lord C. PAGET said there was a difference of opinion with regard to the construction of the dock, but the Go vernment had already the ground, and were prepared to commence the works at once. According to the report of a very eminent engineer who had been out to Malta—Mr. Scamp—(laughter)—they would be completed for £50,000, the amount of the estimate, of which the Maltese Govern• ment would contribute £lO,OOO. They could not commence the dock in the French creek till they had bought a great number of buildings which surrounded it. Sir Fred. Grey, the senior of the Admiralty, and Mr. Whitbread had been sent out to inquire into the proposed works, and when they came back they reported in their favour. He objected to pro duce those confidential reports, as to do so would be to esta blish a very inconvenient precedent, and he hoped the hon. and gallant member would withdraw the motion. Col. TALBOT said as they had to vote the money for the works they ought to have the documents. Lord P NLMERSTON said the papers would not supply all the information as to the state of the case. Sir Fredk. Grey and Mr. Whitbread had made a verbal report to the Admiralty at variance with the opinion of the local autho• rities at Malta, and this report would not be found among the papers. After a few words from Mr. WHITEsiDE the motion was agreed to without a division. HOLYHEAD HARBOUR. The order of the day having been read for resuming the adjourned debate on the motion for the appointment of a select committee to inquire into the state of this harbour, Colonel DUNNE said, as the information he had received confirmed the statements he had made respecting the works, he must press the motion for a committee. Lord C. PAGET said the Government were now con structing a pier at Holyhead which would add greatly to the safety of passengers and shipping, and as they possessed all the information in regard to the works which a com mittee could possibly obtain, he hoped the hon. and gallant gentleman would withdraw his motion. Mr. CONOLLY supported the motion, and expressed a hope that some pressure would be put on the Government. Mr. F. PEEL opposed the motion. After some further discussion the house divided, when tho numbers were : For the motion Against it Majority... The announcement was received with opposition cheers. CUSTOMS AND INLAND REVENUE BILL. This bill was read a third time and passed. PIER AND HARBOUR ORDERS CONFIRMATION BILL. This bill was read a second time on the understanding that certain portions of it should be referred to a select com mittee. SECURITY FROM VIOLENCE BILL. On the motion for the third reading of this bill, Mr. G. DUFF characterised the bill as a stupid and atrocious measure, the result of a panic, and moved that it be read a third time that day six months. Mr. NEWDEGATE opposed the bill. After some further discussion, the house divided, and the numbers were : For the third reading Against it Majority The bill was then read a third time and passed, The house adjourned at a quarter past two o'clock. THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 13, 1863. dom of Italy is based it will not be the less inspired by those benevolent sentiments of which Russia has given us such patent proofs. This is not the first time that disturbances have taken place in Poland; frequent insurrections, which Russia has always succeeded in putting down, have at short intervals devastated that unfortunate country. This series of movements, always recurring and always suppressed by superior forces, demonstrates in our opinion that the military honour ef Russia does not require au additional triumph in this unequal struggle; it proves at the same time that the problem to be solved cannot be done so by force only in a radical and final manner. By adopting in his wisdom a system of a nature to obviate the causes of that) crises, the Emperor Alexander would acquire a just claim to the gratitude of Europe by quieting alarm and assuring peace. He would, moreover, open to the noble Russian nation a new era of greatness and glory. I beg of you, M. le Marquis, to leave a copy of this despatch with Prince Gortschakoff, and be- Sweden, Italy, Spain, and Poland. The Journal de St. Petersbourg publishes the text of the Notes recently addressed by the Governments of Sweden, Italy, and Spain to the Russian Govern ment on the Polish question, and Prince Gortscha koff's replies to the same. The Swedish Note is as follows : " DESPATCH OF COUNT DE MANDERSTROEM, MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, TO BARON DE WEDEL-JARLSBERG, MINISTER OF SWEDEN AND NORWAY AT ST PETERS • BURG. " Stockholm, April 7, 1863. " Sir,—The news from the theatre of war in Poland seems to establish, despite the many con flicting rumours, that the authority of the Emperor seems likely to be restored, and that partial assem blages only still offer resistance. The insurgents stand in need of arms and ammunition, and it will doubtless be almost impossible for them to procure them. In this state of things, and acting upon those interests which imperiously prescribe to us to em ploy all our efforts to effect a cessation of a state of affairs which might, from its consequences, threaten the peace of Europe, but also upon those principles of humanity and generosity which we know ani mate the heart of his Majesty the Emperor in so high a degree that he must anxiously desire to give a striking prooof of them, we have thought it advisable to add our representations to those already made by other States who have the same claim as ourselves to express an opinion, to endea vour to stop bloodshed, and to restore Poland to a condition more conformable to the legitimate aspi rations of the well-intentioned men of that country, the number of which is incontestably much greater than that of those who will not be satisfied with equitable reforms. We feel convinced that words of clemency and forgiveness, and the prospect of a system of a nature to assure a wise liberty, would suffice completely to restore order and tranquillity. We do not pretend to indicate more especially the means of doing so—France and Great Britain hay ing already expressed themselves in this respect,— and we are sure that his Imperial Majesty will find in the inspirations of his own heart everything most likely to attain the object which must assuredly be his earnest wish. You will please, Sir, express yourself in this sense in the interviews which you may have the honour to hold with Prince Gortacha koff, who can only behold therein the expression of the friendly interest of the Government of the King. " I am, &0., " MANDERSTROEIII." The fo,lowing is the reply of Prince Gortscha koff " DESPATCH OP PRINCE GORTSCHAKOPP TO M. DASCH- KOFF, MINISTER OF RUSSIA AT STOCKHOLM. " St. Petersburg, April 14 (26), 1863. " Sir,—The Minister of Sweden and Norway has read to me a despatch from Count de Mander • stroem relative to the anxiety felt at the Court of Stockholm consequent upon the actual condition of Poland and the influence it may exercise on the peace of Europe. Count de Manderstroem has rendered justice to the sentiments which animate our august master in expressing the conviction that his Majesty would find in his own inspirations the words of clemency and the prospect of pro gress of a nature to put a stop to the effusion 9f blood and to restore order and tranquillity in the king. dom. The Imperial Manifesto of the 31st of March (April 12) testifies the solicitude which the Emperor had already devoted to the subject. As it cannot be denied that the agitation draws its principal ali ments from permanent instigations from without, we have called the attention of the Cabinets who have addressed to us communications analogous to the one made to us by the Minister of Sweden and Norway to this point. You will find copies enclosed, as also the replies I have sent by order of our august master. Desirous of showing the value we attach to the maintenance of friendly relations with the Court of Stockholm, his Majesty authorises you to communicate the present despatch and annexes to Count de Manderstroem.—l am, &c., " GORTSCHAICOFF." The following is the text of the Italian Note " DESPATCH FROM VISCOUNT; VENOSTA, MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, TO THE MARQUIS PEPOLI, MINISTER OP ITALY AT ST. PETERSBURG. " Turin, 23d April, 1863. " Sir,—Since the accession of his Majesty the Emperor Alexander 11. to the throne Europe accom panies with its wishes his government, and the work nobly undertaken by that Sovereign for the prosperity and progress of his people. A. reform which gave rise to vast economical and social q'ies tions has just been accomplished—the emancipation of the serfs has been effected without any of the in conveniences which seemed likely to entail. Un happily, at this very moment the events in Poland have come to cast a gloom over those happy pros pects. Europe has been stirred by them, and is anxious about the complications which may arise from them. Italy has taken a great part in this universal emotion. Public opinion, speaking through its acknowledged organs, imposes upon the Governmental' 'the King the duty of making itself requested the interpret er o f th e sen timents of. Italy. to the Russian Government. I fulfil this task, M. le Marqui se with the conviction that the Court iv a y of Russia will see i n the commun i cat i on wh i c h you are ationtin m a ake w t i o th it i i t t nthee most w pr e o s o t f f o ri f e o n u d r ly de a s n ir d e e open hearted relations. If our language must be conformable to the principles upon which the king- lieve, &c., " VENOSTA." The following is Prince Gortschakoff's reply : « DESPATCH OF PRINCE GORTSCHAKOFF TO COUNT STAC KELBERG, MINISTER OF RUSSIA AT TURIN. " St. Petersburg, April 19 (May 1), 1863. "The Marquis Pepoli has delivered to me, by order of his Government, a copy of a despatch from Viscount Venosta, which your Excellency will find subjoined. The Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs there expresses sympathy in the reforms undertaken by our august master, and a desire to maintain with us relations of confidence and amity. But the interest which public opinion in Italy takes in the present troubles of the kingdom of Poland, and the convic tion of the effect which those events may have on the tranquillity of Europe, lead him at the same time to express the wish that his Majesty the Em peror may in his wisdom adopt a system calculated to remove the causes of these periodical crises. Our august master has received with pleasure the friendly expressions contained in the despatch of Viscount Venosta. They are in harmony with the friendly sentiments of which Russia has given to Italy patent proofs. As for the wish expressed with regard to the kingdom of Poland, the Italian Go vernment has enough experience of political troubles to be aware that revolution imposes on Go vernments charged with the foundation of a durable peace a task of the greater difficulty because it is constantly strengthened from without by forces which are employed for the subversion of order. Viscount Venosta will certainly admit that the tran quillity and welfare of Poland have no less claims to the solicitude of his Majesty the Emperor of Russia than to the interest of Europe. But the respect which the Minister of Foreign Affairs in Italy pro fesses for the principles on which the kingdom of Italy rests, and for the sentiments of public opinion of which it is the organ, will not permit us to doubt that he also recognises that in the task reserved to our august master, his Majesty must be inspired by the interests and principles on which the Russian Empire and public opinion in Russia are founded. For the rest, the manifesto of the 31st of March (12th of April) has sufficiently made known the wishes of his Majesty towards his Polish subjects to render it needless to renew the pledges which they offer for the welfare of the kingdom and the peace of Europe. Be good enough to present a copy of this despatch to Viscount Venosta.—Receive, &c., " GORTSCHAKOFF." The following is the text of the Spanish note : "DESPATCH FROM THE MARQUIS DE MIRAFLORES, MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, TO THE CHEVALIER DIAZ DEL MORAL, CHARGE D'AFFAIRES OF SPAIN AT ST. PETERSBURG. " Madrid, March 21, 1863. "As soon as her Majesty the Queen was made aware, in an official and confidential manner, of the friendly observations which some of the Powers had addressed to the Cabinet of St. Petersburg in favour of Polan ", now appertaining by legitimate claims to Russia, her Majesty took into consideration the in dications made by the Government of her Britannic Majesty. Considering the state of affairs in Poland, her Majesty believes, as also does her Government, that it might be of some avail to let the Cabinet of St. Petersburg hear the friendly voice of Spain, not to give counsel, which the wisdom of his Majesty the Emperor does not require, but to address to it some amicable observations, the result of Spain's experience in political troubles. The Government of her Majesty the Queen deeply regrets that the impatience of Poland has prevented it awaiting the continuation of the system of concessions granted to the Poles, concessions due to the wisdom of his Majesty the Emperor, to his prudent foresight and knowledge of the age and present epoch, as also of all the reforms which have for some time been going on in Russia, and which, so to say, change the social condition of the Empire in the great question of the emancipation of the serfs, and which is the most striking proof that his Majesty the Emperor recog nises the supreme force of the ideas of the 19th cen tury. Her Majesty deeply regrets that matters have gone so far that Russian and Polish blood has been shed, and her Majesty, having acquired the experience which has proved to her that internal troubles are more easily suppressed by modera tion than by severity against those who, more over, are Russian subjects, and who, sooner or later, will admit their error, her Majesty the Queen addresses asking resse safrie c n le d m ly ency word to his Imperial Majesty and indulgence for the conque r ed. Such are th e w i s h e s of her Majesty, and she orders me to make you acquainted with them, that you may read this despatch to his Excellency Prince Gortsohakoff, and leave him a copy of it, should the Prince desire one.—l am, &e., L , Marquis DE MIRAFLORES." The following is Prince Gortschakoff's reply : " DESPATCH OF PRINCE GORTSCHAROFF TO PRINCE WOL- KONSICI, MINISTER OF RVSSIA AT MADRID. " St. Petersburg, March 21 (April 2), 1863. " Sir,—The Spanish Charge d'Affaires has, by order of his Government, communicated to me a despatch from the Marquis de Miraflores, of which you will find a copy annexed. Referring to the idea of a step pointed out to him to be taken with the Imperial Cabinet relative to the present condition of Poland, the Minister of Foreign Affairs expresses the confidence that her Majesty Queen Isabella places in the sentiments of our august master, the proofs which he has given of them, and the works accomplished under the auspices of his high wis dom. That confidence might have sufficed to in spire the Spanish Cabinet with the certainty that his Majesty the Emperor wilt not deviate from the liberal path traced out to him for the peace and welfare of all his subjects, despite the difficulties thrown in his way. Nevertheless, that Cabinet has expressed wishes to us dictated by a sentiment of humanity and by the experience it has had in poli tical troubles. So friendly a voice as that of her Majesty Queen Isabella can only be welcomed by us in the same friendly spirit as that which animates it towards us. We doubt not that it has , drawn from its own experience the conviction that it is the first duty of a Government, in presence of internal agitations, to re-establish the order and respect due to the authorities, to guarantee the safety of inoffensive citizens, and to suppress the attempts of a turbulent minority to disturb the public quiet. It is only when that task is accom plished that recourse can be had to clemency, to which the hearts of Sovereigns ought never to be closed. The Government of her Majesty Queen Isabella has rendered justice to the sentiments of our august master by not doubting the deep satisfaction with which his Majesty will exercise that most precious prerogative of sovereign power as soon as he shall deem it suitable to have recourse to it, without com promising the superior interests of social order and welfare of the Pclish nation, which cannot be ren dered responsible for conspiracies organised, tole rated, and encouraged outside the country. " You are requested to read this despatch to the Marquis de Miraflores, and to leave him a copy of it, should he desire one, in reply to the friendly com munication made to us by his order.—l am, &c., " GORTSCHAKOFF." [ A DVERTISEMENT;]—HoIIoway's Pills and Ointment.— Eruptive Fevers—Small-pox.—When these diseases are epidemic, as they are at present, every one should be doubly regardful of the health, and at once set right any departure therefrom, than whi c h no o th er m edicine is more purifying, regulating, and strengthening. By taking Holloway's pills the watchful and careful will most probably escape this disfiguring disease, or, at any rate, will have it in a milder form. Should the eruption come out, the skin should be kept constantly anointed with this soothing ointment, which will prevent the excessive irritation while the pustules are filling, and preserve against " the pitting" afterwards. Holloway's remedies will ward off the most serious and imminent perils of small-pox, ' LAW INTELLIGENCE—May 12. COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH. (Sittings at Nisi Prius, before the Lord Chief Justice and a Common Jury.) JORDON V. GIBSON. This was an action brought to recover damages for as saulting the plaintiff and giving him into custody. The defendant pleaded not guilty, and a justification. The plaintiff in this ease is an actor and engaged at the Lyceum Theatr e, and resides in Regent-street. The defen dant is a lieutenant-colonel in the artillery, and resides at No. 60, Pall mall. It appears that the plaintiff, who is an American, was following his profession in that country in the year 1857, when he became acquainted with Mrs. Jor dan, then residing with her parents. The plaintiff cohabited with her until the 14th of February, 1858, when they were married at Jersey city, Now York. They afterwards went to Boston, where Mrs, Jordon's parents were then residing, and the plaintiff and his wife stayed with them. In 1861 plaintiff and his wife came to England and resided at Ful ham, and afterwards went to live at No. 60, Pall-mall, where the assault for which this action is brought took place. The plaintiff removed afterwards with his wife to Regent-street. The plaintiff obtained an engagement for himself at the Princess's Theatre, and one for his wife at i)rury-lane, then under the management of Mr. Boucicault. The plaintiff discovering that his wife had been unfaithful to him refused to live with her, and they separated. Mrs. Jordon then went to reside at No. 60, Pall-mall, where the plaintiff had her watched, and on the 3d of September, 1862, about half-past 11 o'clock at night, he saw Mr. Boucicault enter the house. Plaintiff soon after followed him, and whilst talking with his wife in a very excited man ner the defendant, who lodged in the house, came in, and insisted on the plaintiff leaving, but he refused to do so until he searched the house. He then pushed by the de fendant, and insisted on searching his room, he believing that Mr. Boucicault was concealed there. The plaintiff still persisting in making a great disturbance, a policeman was sent for by the defendant's orders, and he was given into custody, and was taken to Vine-street, but was after wards allowed to leave, the defendant not pressing the charge. The plaintiff, on being called, denied having created any disturbance or committed an assault such as the defendant had charged him with having done. The defendant, on being sworn, stated that he had acted under the direction of a Mrs. Clark, who was the landlady of the house, and that he never had any ill-feeling against the plaintiff, nor did he know of Mr. Boucicault being in the house at the time of the disturbance., Mr. Kerslake, Q,C., addressed the jury for the defendant. Sergeant Parry replied. The learned Judge called the attention of the jury to the evidence that had been given on both sides, and told them that without the defendant had clearly substantiated all the facts contained in the plea which he had put upon the record then the plaintiff would be entitled to their verdict; but if they thought that the plaintiff had forced himself upon that portion of the house occupied by the defendant or his landlady without their consent then it would be an unlawful act on his part, and the defendant had a right to use such force as was necessary in removing the plaintiff from the premises. The jury, after having consulted together for some time, found a verdict for the plaintiff—damages £25. Sergeant Parry and Mr. Montagu Williams for the plaintiff ; Mr. Karslake, Q.C., for the defendant. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS. (Sittings at Nisi Prius, before Chief Justice Earle and a Common Jury.) :THOMPSON V. KING. This was an action brought by the plaintiff, Mr. George Thompson, formerly M.P. for the Tower Hamlets, and one of the candidates at the last election for Southampton, against the defendant, the publisher and proprietor of the Hampshire Advertiser, for a libel inserted in that news paper during the course of the election at Southampton, im puting to the plaintiff that he was the hired advocate of Captain Mangles. Mr. Sergeant Parry and Mr. Beasley were counsel for the plaintiff; Mr. Sergeant Shee and Mr. Archibald for the defendant. Mr. Sergeant Parry having opened the case for the plaintiff, called Mr. George Thompson, who said—l have for many years been engaged in public questions of the day. I for merly represented the Tower Hamlets in Parliament. In 1842 I went with Mr. Cobden and others to Southampton to deliver addresses upon the repeal of the corn laws, by which I became well acquainted with the borough, and re ceived a testimonial. In 1842 I was asked to contest the borough and became a candidate wirh Lord Nugent. I was beaten by a small majority. About this time I went to the United States, and also visited India. I returned from India in 1858. I was a candidate in last November for Southampton. I was invited to go down on the Bth of November, as representing the ‘interests of the United Kingdom Alliance, of which lam a vice-president. Mr. Harper Twelvetrees was first asked to stand, but was un able to do so. My expenses were to be guaranteed. I went down on the 10th, in company with Mr. Homer and Mr. Twelvetrees, and addressed a meeting, and then issued a printed address on the following morning. A committee was formed of Southampton gentlemen. I found my friends very doubtful as to my chances of success, in consequent- of a coalition of the Liberal party. I told my committee that if they wished me to fight the battle, I would fight it ; if they wished me to withdraw, I would withdraw ; and I suggested that a deputation should wait upon Captain Mangles, and sec if he would support the Permissive Bill in Parliament, in which event I would retire in his favour. It was agreed that I sh .uld be thanked for resigning; se condly, that Captain Mangles would support the Permis sive Bill; and, thirdly, that Captain Mangles would, with the consent of his committee, pay all the expenses to which my committee were put. I then said that, being desirous of obtaining the Liberal success, I offered to address the elec. tors, which was more necessary as I was the only candidate in the field who could obtain a hearing. I then crossed to the Isle of Wight to rest myself, and returnedlto Portsmouth on Friday morning, when I delivered my first address, and again addressed the electors in the evening. I never myself had any personal interview with Capt. Mangles or his com mittee. I never received one farthing from Capt. Mangles or his committee for those services. In the course of my address I referred to the Lord Mayor, and said he would do excellently well when reviewing a body of feather bed soldiers. Some hisses followed, and I stated that I had no disrespect to the Volunteers, who would themselves acknowledge there was great difference between them and the men who had gone through the wars in the Crimea and in India. After the publication of the first article I wrote to the editor, but it was not inserted in the defendant's newspaper, but the second article complained of was pub lished in the following week. Cross-examined by Mr. Sergeant Shee—When not in Parliament I have been a lecturer upon the principles I advocated, but not for remuneration, but I have received a stipulated pecuniary acknowledgment. Captain Mangles was a supporter of principles similar to my own. I was under no engagement to fight a hopeless battle. I thought it hopeful from the beginning. I met my committee at the Flowers Hotel. Mr. Homer was agent to my election ex penses. I discussed the chances of my success, and there was a great diversity of opinion among the committee. We were of opinion that if both the Liberal candidates stood we must both go to the wall. It came to ray knowledge that an expense had been incurred of about £lOO. Mr. Horner had a general authority to act for me. At the meeting at the Flowers it was proposed that a deputation should wait upon Capt. Mangles. I let them go without objecting. Nothing was said about the terms to be proposed to him, in n..y pre. sence. The agreement about the Permissive Bill was that we should vote for the first reading. That is the explana tion put upon it by those making the pledge. (Laughter.) I sought no explanation from Capt. Mangles as to what he meant. I was not so impertinent. The deputation went, and with it Mr. Horner. I was in the room when they re turned. They told me that they had seen Capt. Mangles, and that he was willing to pay 100 guineas for the expenses of the committee. I was at the Flowers Hotel on the following Tuesday. I did not say that,if Mr. Tucker didn't agree to my terms, I would be at the dockyard gates at a quarter to one, to address the workmen on my own behalf as they came out—as you put the question. I deny I used those words, or words to that effect. The words "my terms" never Fame out of my lips. I told Budden that Clark and Homer had gone to see Tucker. They knew what he had gone for. I knew of the terms proposed to Mangles at that time. I said I believed I could carry the election, and drive Captain Mangles from the field ; and that if they didn't agree to the terms of my committee I should consider myself absolved. On the evening of Tuesday the committee met again, and I was present. Mr. Homer was there. I will undertake to say that I neither saw nor beard of a cheque on that occa sion. I had heard that an account had been made out for Lll7, and that some members had demurred to give a larger sum than that which was first asked, 100 guineas. I have never had to pay any bills, nor, as far as I know, has the United Kingdom Alliance. It was not said on the Tuesday that when Captain Mangles objected to go beyond the ori ginal sum mentioned, the deputation had said that if Cap tain Mangles would go as far as £ll7, I would address the electors twice. This is the first time I ever heard it hinted. The contest between Mangles and Rose was very severe. I said at the meeting I was not there to advocate the cause of any particular person, but I spoke my mind very freely and not very sparingly of the Lord Mayor. Re-examined—l never authorised any one to offer to Captain Mangles that if he would pay the election ex penses I would address the electors ; and if such an offer had been made I should, on that account, have declined to address them. I believe that if I had remained the single candidate instead of Captain Mangles I should have succeeded. Mr. Horner, secretary of the United Kingdom Alliance, was next called to corroborate the evidence of the plaintiff, and stated that the only condition insisted upon by Mr, Thompson was that Captain Mangles should vote for the Permissive Bill. The balance over the hundred guineas was paid by Mr. Harper Twelvetrees. Several other gentlemen were called to give evidence in corroboration of Mr. Thompson, but added nothing beyond what is contained in plaintiff's evidence. Mr. Sergeant Shee having intimated that it was not his intention to call wit nesses , t h e l earne d counse l having Ad dressed the jury for their respective clients, and his lord ship having carefully summed up the evidence, The jury found their verdict for the plaintiff; damages £l6O, SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—Last night Mr. Roebuck addressed the House of Commons in very intemperate language on the removal of two lonian Judges—Sir George Marcoras and Sir Type.ldo Xydras—by the Lord High Commissioner, in the autumn of last year. Putting aside Mr. Roebuck's declamation against the Duke of Newcastle and Sir Henry Storks, the charge is that, the five years' term of office of these gentlemen having expired, their appointments were not renewed. From this it is concluded that an act of gross tyranny has been perpetrated ; that Sir H. Storks has governed in the spirit of James 11., and that the noble principle of the immobility of judges has been violated to serve a political purpose. We cannot share the indignation of Mr. Roebuck, or join in the more temperate complaints of Lord Stan ley ; and, happily, there is no occasion for any one in this country to be over-anxious in the matter. In a few months the Protectorate will, we trust, be withdrawn. Sir Henry Storks, the last of his order, will have taken leave of his unruly Deputies and his rather more courtly Senate ; the flag of Greece will be raised amid the " Z ?tea" of the crowd, and the well-feigned enthusiasm of the trading classes; and we shall have done with the lonians, their aspira tions, and their grievances, for ever. If, then, any deep wrong has been done, and lonian Constitu tionalism has suffered at the rude hands of the Lord High Commissioner, it may soon be remedied. Free Greece will be able to reinstate Mamma and Xydras, or give them a compensation equivalent to their unmerited losses. It is not often that martyrs have their reward so close before them. But even if the Protectorate were to continue, and these gen • tlemen had no hope of redress except from the con demnation of Sir H. Storks' acts by the British Parliament, we should consider that their advocate had made out no reason for interference. In the first place, the House of Commons has no constitutional right to take up this subject at all. If there were adis pute between the Lord High Commissioner and the lonian Legislature which could not be settled except by such interference—if the interests of the empire or the honour of the Crown required authoritative ex pression of opinion in the British Parliament, then there would be grounds for remonstrance or advice. But here there was no kind of collision between the lonian authorities. The power which took the chief part in substituting new Judges for the old ones was not Sir Henry Storks, but the lonian Senate, and the Chamber, full as it is of malcontents, has not thought fit to make a grievance of the case. In fact, there was neither legally nor, according to lonian ideas, constitutionally any wrong committed. These judicial offices are vacated every five years, and at the end of this term the Senate makes new appoint ments, the former Judges being re-eligible, and, as a general rule, re-elected. But it is a mistake to suppose that these functionaries have in any way the almost sacred character of an English Judge. The most important point in an English Judge's conduct is that he should abstain from politics, and if these eminent persons were known to mix themselves up with the party struggles of the day we may be sure that the reverence felt for them would speedily diminish, and their irremovability, though estab lished by law, would cease to be a part of the con stitutional creed of their countrymen. Now, the Judges of the lonian Islands have never ceased to be politicians, and sometimes they have been among the hottest and busiest of the Republic. In this case it is expressly stated that the two Judges who were not reappointed lastyear were connected with a num ber of the most busy politicians in the Islands, and that they used their influence against the forms of ad ministration which Sir H. Storks, in accordance with the views of the Home Government and the most able and liberal men in the Islands, was bent upon establishing. So far from the Protectorate having taken vengeance upon political enemies, these gentlemen were supporters of the Protectorate, and rather favoured the older and less liberal forms of government which had been formerly in being. A family clique was in possession of a certain number of offices, and the people of the Islands were anxious that some change should be made, and new blood transfused into the Administration. Under these circumstances the Senate thought it right not to re-appoint two gentlemen as Judges who were am ong th e h ea d s o f thi s o b nox i ous p arty . Sir H. Storks merely acquiesced in the decision of the body which was legally entitled to decide on the question. He might have refused to accept the Senate's act, but in so doing he would have swerved just as much from the regular constitutional course as he did in assenting to the substitution of new for the old Judges. The mistake of those English men wt o would make a grievance of this matter is that they judge the affairs of a little, restless, and very factious community by the constitutional canons which guide this old and settled monarchy. They may take it for granted that in Corfu or in Athens no man ever gains any kind of office or station without using it for political purposes, and that political purposes signify before everything else the providing for himself and friends. We have not the smallest desire to censure these Judges, or to endorse any charges made against them. It is sufficient that the constituted authorities—the Senate and the Lord High Commissioner—thought it for the benefit of the State that Messrs. Marcoras and Xydras should not be re-appointed when their term had expired, and that, so far as we can learn, there has been no complaint of their decision on the part of the lonian people. It is the duty of the British Legislature to refrain from interfering even in colonial concerns when all parties in the colony are satisfied ; how much more so, then, should it avoid the affairs of what has al ways been theore tically an independent State, and which is about soon to become part of a foreign monarchy. HERALD.—During the long and animated discus sions to which iron ships have given rise the ques tion of the power of resisting the shocks of artillery projectiles is the one that has dominated. The debate has been almost wholly Platonic—figura tively so to speak —a question of vulnerability or invulnerabidty by fire, and the forces begotten of fire. Complacently enough the point was taken for granted that Neptune could have no possible objection to accept benignantly the new material that, moulded into plates and slabs by engineering science, was to supplement, at least, if not sup plant, his time-honoured hearts of oak. The advo cates of iron ships reckoned without their host. Neptune, at the eleventh hour, puts in his appear ance, giving iron shipbuilders quietly to understand that the problem they have in hand is not quite so free from difficulties as they foniily imagined. An iron ship having been built and launched, the next thing is to protect it ; not the protection from shot and shell, which is a question of mechanical strength, but from elemental ravages to which iron is liable. From the first it had been thoroughly foreseen that the prolonged contact of iron and sea water would be altogether inadmissible ; that some sort of sur face protection would be necessary was a conclusion taken for granted; and, having regard to the paints, Tarnishes, and other materials in profusion at hand, no anxiety was entertained for the result. It turns out, however, that whilst every surface covering for iron ships leaves much to be desired, some actually intensify the evil they were designed to remedy, actually setting up a voltaic reaction, under the effects of which iron disintegrates, falling to powder or dissolving into a fluid. This is a matter which, though not contemplated originally by the ship builder, has long been well known to the chemist. The phenomena of this particular destruction have long been studied by chemists and reduced to general laws. Popularly speaking, what takes place may be reduced to the general expression, that when two metals come together in presence of a fluid capable of acting on both separately the whole force of com bination is exercised upon the one most amenable to the influence. Thousands of examples illustra tive of this fact readily present themselves, but the case of an iron rail embedded in a leaden socket is the one most frequently encountered. After a certain duration of exposure the iron thus circumstanced wastes away at the line where it comes into contact with the lead, and for a certain distance surrounding lead, the explanation being that whereas both iron and lead are susceptible of atmospheric agencies, iron is the more susceptible. Whence, to be in ac cordance with the law enunciated, it is the iron that disintegrates wholly, the lead remaining intact. In strict parallelism with this illustrative case it hap pens that when an iron plate or slab copper coated is exposed to sea water it is the iron, not the cop per, upon which the chemical agents present in sea water expend their energy. So long as iron thus circumstanced is freely exposed to sea water de struction continuously proceeds, and a portion of copper, in bulk dependent upon the exposed surface of iron, goes on to destruction. This effect being a law of nature cannot be obviated, so long as the conditions already laid down are fulfilled. Nothing, then, is more certain than the utter impossibility of utilising copper as a sheathing for iron ships, if the copper be in immediate contact with the iron. What takes place when red lead is used by way of paint upon the immerged surface of an iron ship, a letter published by us on Monday makes evident. The red lead becomes actually reduced to metallic lead, the oxygen yielded up in order to bring about this reduction being given over to the iron. When the circumstance is oorne in mind that for every atom of red lead thus changed into metallic lead a corres ponding atom of metallic iron is converted into iron rust, some idea of the gravity of chemical action in volved will be realised. The whole subject is beset with difficulties; thus, in the first place, the deside ratum is not to impart a surface covering of- atiso lute indestructibility under the energies brought to bear ; such a result—even were it puss" —would not be desirable.clGuided by consideratioiu of the voltaic law just enunciated, Sir H. D ac _ ) rendered the copper sheathing of ships indestru: tible. He accomplished this by affixing to the copp surface at suitable distances slabs of zinc. It se hap ' pens that when copper and zinc are thus broug., immediately into contact and the whole immerge practica.ll? in sea water, it is then the zinc that wholly 9: solves, sacrificed—if the expression may be use l e ti to ensure the preservation of the euPPe r ' completeness of this p reserva ti v e result was ll 1 trated by Davy, who soon found the app lication his discovery checked by an issue his science . , re , not foreseen. No sooner was copper render indestructible than it ceased to repel the adh ee n. of barnacles and sea weeds. The norma l deer; tion of copper sheathing of a wooden ship sue found to be in a condition indispensable to the cessful employment of copper sheathing. of all materials ever tried for ship-sheathin g varpose".,,, del out ships be it understood—copper has turnice`i out the most successful. Dissolved gradually ne ou i the influence of the various chemical agents Pr ee ter in all natural water, but more especially see b a t it leaves in its wake a poisonous trail, of whi c " tary nacles and other ocean parasites stand it) eel°, the dread. Were it proper and reasonable to regve', 4 existence of any natural law, assuredly the 1 1 which decrees that when iron and copper are brclig. into immediate contact in the presence of iron shall be destroyed, as a sacrifice offered l iot the copper, might provoke an expression of ', O . regret. Were it possible to lay the copper sheathit: upon some intermediate material not ameneb le od the voltaic law enunciated, the desired result O th y be achieved. More than one project foreffecting core is now before the Government, and partially he k ' ins the public. Every person at all interested in r n must sincerely desire them success; every Pe r i s t who has the durability of our growing iron fief or heart. After successfully providing against dee'L n water, the tion from impact of shot and shell, by attaching plates of competent thickness, it would be a PO I yoking issue of all this e n gi neer ing care and ' t o were elemental changes slowly operating to sap hull boasted strength, converting the ponderous iron to a friable mass, devoid of hardness and coher e ; POST.—Necessary formalities are now all thet2 o , ter2ose between the Throne of G ree ce and it s LLe e9 tined occupant. A conference of th e representanyeld of the three Powers chiefly interested will b e h a ,./ within a few days in London, when the nece s : o o protocols will be drawn up. If th ere has been sv b e . delay in the assembling of this conference, it ° to o cause it is usual iu diplomatic affairs to ceT e Ons ty general understanding before proceeding ch r ` - o b. with the matter in hand. It was, for instance,' jected by Prince Christi a n th a t his son con l° ,l gracefully or fairly accept the Crown until Pa' Otho's right had been finally and formally disP°l-300 of. This seemed at first sight almost captious, bu t , i f iji now found that, in order to proceed correctly , i t ' t he be right t o i nv i te B avar i a to t h e fi rst mee ting °,, c ` i s g conference, and to request the abdication of Otho. There is no doubt that the ex-King's au Who will be in the negati ve , an d on t hi s the Powe rs if selected him as King of G reece w ill procee d for' t he to recognise the legality of his deposition fo n t, 10 Throne. Having chosen a Ki ng f or t h e Gr e9 ',l 3 - eit 1832, and having ass en t e d t o t h e va lidity of ; jog revolution in 1862, th e m i ss i on o f th e pv°te t lel• Powers is so far at an en d. Th ey l oo k to the) ad, lenic nation to select their own monarchliid that selection being made in the person of rnive. George 1., they c anno t b u t approve o f the c `;104 1 The minor difficulties which presented thew s for are now understood to b e overru l e d. It `Oro/ example, stipulated on the part o f G r eece ths'i n children of King Geor ge s h ou ld b e brought, s ti a r r oll the Greek religi on . P r i nce Ch r i s ti an was of willing to assent to this, as their non-profess' abet the Lutheran for m o f Ch r i s ti an i ty m i g ht prove " ar t. to their possibl e eventua l success i on i n Den ta gs It has been thought, however, undesirable t° po op into serious consid era ti on so remote a conting,:doo more especially as Rus s i a , f or h er par t, insietrest, the education of the fut ure d ynasty i n the `;.; faith, and in so doing only f o ll owe d the dictiSor good sense and the certai n w i s h es o f t h e Gree-011 tion. This poiat has therefore been coneedetl fe ncO in fact, every point on w hi c h any ser i ou s dir le 'beell could have arisen may be regarded as having 0001 adjusted. Some of the detail s re l a ting to :oaf and finance have still to be concluded ; but ”1 1 r e be taken for granted that th ese ques tions w i , 1 ,,,0c0 ceive a satisfactory solution. Wh en the conle.'n tO of London shall have g i ven it s f orma l Balle i l Cie the arrangement, the Greek deputation now.,Aliste, penhagen will tender the Crown t o Prince ; 10 1 0 in solemn form, and he will b e legally te-roP6 King of Greece with the countenance of - 0 ' This long-pending negotiation will thus h, e ,„ t : c lolet, nated to the general satisfaction. The aA'"„v.; (10 under its new auspices, with the important a ' u e so/ of the lonian Islands, may look forward to 3 - 41 era of tranquillity and prosperity. Its future r ot depend on the Greeks themselves. They haveg .4o ol capacities and gr ea t opportun i t i es . It will re7„ir with the Hellenic nation, now freed from the ; $ O, government which has so long impeded its pogo/ to enter upon a career of reform and happine ee. ; o 9e( ll idle dreams of Byzantine empire must be diel: t ooll and the efforts of every honest and patriotic o ' f tlfo must be concentrated upon th e developtner it ° o ag b resources of his country, which are ample e y - , f ide to ensure not only individual wealth, but to P' o - 1 amply for the permanent credit and eolveneY State. COUNTRY MARKETS. Of LIVE RP 0 OL—TUESDAY. }pnailli C9 oo At our market to-day there was a fair at-- fo p, 0 millers and dealers, but they acted with great ellgotirj, only a small retail business was done in wheat an g IeCW" about Friday's prices. Indian corn was quite 31° Oats and oatmeal as before. --- MARKET HARBOROUGH—TvoN• It. 0 02 08 ' P o ' 36 52$ White wheat, 46s to 50 s; re d , 42 s t o 45s P-0 to Malting barley at 37s to 41s per qr. ; grinding, 24d pet per 30 at. Oats, old, 26s to 28s • new, 203 to st. ; beans, 34s to 43 s p er qr. SHEFFIELD—TUESDAY. ! nod err' At to .day's mark e t th e s h ow o f w h ea t WO ji and sales were made at about last week's rates• na t 017.63 Red wheat, per lead of 3 imperial bushels g o v d t o o 100 White /f f • . 17s Od 0 ;24 New red f .. 18s Od t *Ol New white ~ , , • 6 0d9611 Beans ,/ 1) 45s Od nil, . Peas per qr Grinding barley, per qr 28s (i 3 8° pd 34s od t ° ffs V Malting ditto, „ Oats 2lo °d t° ,/ Flour, is 7d to 23 2d per stone. LEEDS—TUESDAY. There has been a fair business done in whoa-,L 0 late prices. Other articles were unchanged. Averages for the Week : Ma Wheat — qrs., at 4 7 iB sd Rye — Barley• • ...• ee • •-••• .-.-+ Peas ..... Oats 40 0 Beans ........ ,E—MONDAY. c o v e a offer, with an 1118 A, 1:1 0 7,00 . Barley scarce. alt ( 00 os 't supply, with a 6 3 0 to hoe lOld red wheat, .0 4 60 to New do. • • 22 0 :46 0 Oats ...••• • 370 IBeans ......... • NEWCASTL: _ • A fair quantity of wheat on at a slight decline in prices. trade in oats. Beans in short Old white wheat..s7s to 61s New do. ..50s to 54s Malting barley....37s to 42s Grinding d0.....28s to 30s I CORK—TiTESDAY. :"P6l The following were the quotations this W' bolelii to wheat, 8s Od to Os Od ; white, —s Od to -- BOd 1 1 9- 8d to Os Od ; oats, 9s Od to Os Od. ; black a °4 7s Bd. %or; MELTON MOWBRAY—TuEsD b Iitof P OO , The following were the currencies :— New 36 36 fgt. ; 49s Od to 54s Od ; new red, 43s Od to 498 n per for beans, 40s to 438 for old ; new sorts, 34s to s . ,° „ e r qty barley, 32s to 36s for malting, and 28s to grinding; oats, 20s to 30s Od per 24 stone. tore Births. m .„, ABRAHAM.—inst., On the 11th at Barton --i tP" the Hon. Mrs. Abraham, of ason. hCO , GORDON.—On the 9th inst , at the Curr n g - to•• Hon. Mrs. Gordon, of a . daughter. Horrrotrzt.—On the 12th inst., at 49, En t°U-Stilliire ld Countess of Hopetoun, of a son, d1 141113v- PILKINGTON.—On the 11th i n st. , at Cheve t,•- t. a Swinnerton Pilkington, of a son. 4 off l o Marriages. 01 0 '0' at 11. ,o 0 COX—BABINGTON.—On the 17th February cot, Madras Presidency, William TrevelyaVG: cheurodir 66th Regt., eldest son of Wm. T. Cox, ..i o - r . 'of O r— Court Dorset, to Lily Katharine, daughter Ire Colonel Babington. cr at, , HOPKINS—VOSS.—On the 12th inst., a t Soto 11Orort" Church, John Hopkins, Esq., of Seaforth• so, pi t o Hams, fourth d aug ht er o f th e l a te J. Dl.'" Swansea. John Ballance, cE— Esq.,f 0.5601111 of p Lowereat . liS Deaths. i_ ce, isle 0- BALLAN On the 11th inst ,at lrentnor, 000, CH B A L LLicz.—On the 11th inst., suddenlY, atTll7,is coreteillen 13, Great Cumberland-street, 11 de.,park, .- A t e, M.D., & c . CHAPLIN.— On the 10th "n t at re Sai".' 333'' „ a t* . Kent, Mr. Thomas Chaplin, inst., 73. . , 00 RAP ERAT.—On the 10th inst., at 5, Camden 17.11 " ' Mat te park, op. park, Wm. Erat, Esq., aged 58. or/ HATTEN.— On the 10th inst., at Ay l e sburY, 1:1 Esq., solicitor, aged 68. * 10 ° , 4 ; London: Printed and Published by WlLLlA—r.tfie °. l , pa of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at VIE Su ° u :j0 10 " Strand, in the Precinct of the 3avoyt tT Mlddleoex.—Wednesday. 13, 1863