The Sun. — London, England, 1833-09-23 00:00:00

STATE OF IRELAND. (FROM OUR OWN cORRESPONDENT.) DUBLIN, SEPT 20 temper of the people amongst whom he presides, ""erefore, to be the first study of a Statesman." BURKE. great and crying sin of this country, and l kilich must be an obstacle to improvement, total unbelief in, and disregard of, that 'but invariably true maxim, that " honesty ' c hest policy." Nine tenths of every grade ttet, political colour and persuasion, would that person as childishly simple, and Unfit to live, and " get on" in this age of who would preach the efficacy, or prac 'll/2/ what i s i ncu l ca t e d by this simple rule 7' This arises from the condition to which 4 ve been reduced. Our people have been to succumb to a cruel and deteriorating land bear the scoffs of pride, and insolence 'certain caste, so long, that we cannot soon tt ourselves of those habits and principles, w hich degradation and debasement have eted us familiar. The administration of ; • 18 ) within these latter years, as pure and h -t i e et in I re l an d, a s in any country of Eu -1 ~Te t talk to any one you meet, about our est or low es t t r ibunals of justice, and you 1, tl d him inclined to think, that their deci ' no matter who the suitors may be, are nee d by some sinister motive. Ah, sai d a plaintiff at Nisi Prins, to his attor ,, Bor A fne tim e ago , " how lucky it was that we b• on our side that day, or we would ate entire/y." "Why do you think so," said I t 4tt° rney, who well knew the case to be so t at but f or hi s own share of the costs, it Probably have been settled without the terf r 1 41 ;„e nee of a judge or jury. " Why, sir, I'm lry r esponded the client, " the foreman of the icit k ;', B the counsellor's brother-in-law, and the ith-Vmself had the very same man to dine 4t ori that day." This conversation is no ' and a thousand of the kind might be , °op e " to prove how incredulous many of the vin are, are, as to the possibility of anything Conducted in courts of justice, or else -1441 °n th e s t ra itf orwar d b a si s of honesty, or gh t The countryman well knew that he had 'as st sid e , y e t co uld not be persuaded it riti r l i ju neient ; an d t h ere f ore his own ingenuity, a ` e ' er haps th a t o f hi s neighbour's, were taxed, 4it, -e Ttlit for the favourable issue of his law is hardly necessary to say, that while 411 -te the undisguised notions of the humbler f tneast educated, there is much in the conduct u t h a ' l y of the superior classes, tending to foster etti, ll i c'tions. In truth, too many of them, re tt ; u jarlY in the learned professions, are im titr.e4 with similar views, and deem it absurd Itl,,,kPracticable to hope to attain eminence or ta tiende nce by the sole force of their industry b O , - L er lts- And not only they, but traders and luceePers of every description frequently attri te„ their failure or success in business to the ,!'eet or kindness of their connections ! The :t ' v etri of grand-jury jobbin g , in which every 4 t 4 1 ! from the lord lieutenant of the county, to u teaker of stones on the highway, is involved, p e li t, so notorious, requires no individual corn- Ni . ," to render it illustrative of this point. h o - 'Pecies of public depravity is, perhaps, re rel so or Less common to every country; but in Itrt a has received peculiar stimulants from It 8 1 '4 4) and its consequences. N l , te ill ,aY be said, h ow ever, that the las . vs already 1 '01 4 " , and oth ers to be expected from a Re evilall Parli ament , will correct most of the end s ere alluded to ; in a country less prone, kigh r el Pused to faction and partizanship, such a be expected. But I have already state d , it ) l e former letter, and the fact is incontrovert a(lo'that the m easures o f i mprovemen t a l rea dy IlithPeted towards this country, have not yet dimi- Perh a these causes of distraction. They have Plyi n P s, unavoidably encreased them, by multi to l i ° th e number of the expectants, who hope Wity lll Pr t (,)ve their fortunes by these good old tql l4 B i i For now that Papist and Protestant are W e t ;,Y admi ss ibl e , w e shall have not only Da rot hi l ,Connell and Sergeant Lffroy contending 'ltoli t •" es situations, by virtue of their opposite 11 0 tve rs ',and influence over their respective fol ita ate ' nut we shall se e each of these gentlemen 8 %44 1 : r mously opposed by members of their Persuasion. O'Connell for example by oy Af r ti thony Blake, and the learned sergeant t t ,s 3 irit tl - n ' t havv--as if there had never been a 'oe to. '" Cause, or bond of much ties between ' l houpb I t is well known that O'Connell's politics, keh e '„ . , B worn to by numbers, who cannot corn ttittle;l4 them, are disavowed, and, in some in -141e1;8' d eprecated by almost all the intelligent, el, 10 e ; d ent, and influential portion of his co- I ttvi et ll44B ) many of whom think better of the t oesn lL th c onservative mode of managing matters, u eyt ° ° ugh advocated by the Rev. Doctor ° 1)11 1 i 0 In the mean time this contrariety of ice 1 '; and cla s hing of interests, operate along ;rid -bole chain of society, and creates a hope "4, ti Peetan c y among all classes, of some change 't4e o i r Particul ar a dv a nt ag e. And this is the "art s " r B Onie pers on s are b eg inni n g, in different he °` the kingd o m, to usurp the functions of tegislature. Combinations are at this 'no taking place among the artizans of this different towns throughout Ireland, to "tovi e tn iir wages, though the present price of 1 th I° ° B does not warrant such proceedings. t ad eir plans be not timely subverted, and fair t ie,i e l luitable regulations prescribed for them, f e 'el and bloodshed may be the consequence. pl ow A . t uays ago was published the discovery of 'hie in the West for a general insurrection, 1 , , whether true or false, proves the restless- Th. th a t is abroad, and aptitude for disturbance. 44,4'8 entire st a te o f things proves also how tleci opt' a nd it is f or G overnment t o b e p rom pt, Cf e, and i mpart i a l i n era di cat i ng t h e see d s th eir wNe 100 and disquietude in this country. O rea t object should be to satisfy all rational C s liti e j granting a triumph to none of the p r , -41 Parties—to abolish religious distinctions, 4 1e - e rli ts °t ing unanimity of sentiment on national b `and to discourage agitation and dis -sthe y th e r 11, total abolition of tithes ; and by such ti ol lu e e s r ai measures as the state of the country 'ry • may require. Titus by cutting ofi h ' o t j h u3t C ause of complaint, they can detach 'ld so e deerent factions all persons of worth teil tH ld Igent Principles, and unite the honest and eltn 0 - every denomination in one common The n ecess i ty f or suc h a li ne o f po li cy tilB2P'e present e d i tse lf f orc ibl y to D r . D oy l e 1 ') whe n i n an enlightened and philoso itt l etter, , t rr eBBed I would almost call " divine," he r ib , to the present Lord Goderich, he , 14 tii sed e ' the whole frame of society as disor and said " the distrust, apathy, fraud, k ie s y and contention, which prevail universally, ey itu, l derange the public will, and prevent the y p - r eve ;T e ation of all classes, must necessa otti der . country, whilst they continue, tl t e trier I : vl ng advantage from y partial measure, ging from its present dpressed, if not degraded condition." At that time emancipation was not granted, and this charitable man thought that an union of churches in Ireland might be effected, and become a remedy for the numerous evils of the nation. If such a measure were practicable then, and we have high authorities, Lord Goderich and Dr. Doyle, for thinking so, how much more easily now, when a foundation is laid by subse quent enactments ? We have since obtained emancipation, reform, a declaration that tithes should be abolished, and the Church Tempo lities Bill, which almost annihilates one half of the Church establishment in this country. These are benefactions which could scarcely have been so soon anticipated. But there are still growing evils which must continue to distract and divide the people, till some grand measure of union and conciliation be adopted to bring us together in civil and religious amity. Whether that measure shall be of the nature of a civil and religious concordate, a legislative enactment, or an uniform and inflexible deter ! mination on the part of our rulers to put down the factious and exalt those exemplary for their peaceable, steady, and constitutional conduct, I leave the Marquis of Wellesley and his Majesty's advisers to determine. _day. n ly dig' ght UP rl frOn 3 000: he Po" ndrlopt .sling . 1 amburg I of age, fur pur' )IburOtt p under oitlifield o'clock for oad sod lately t° On the bled 1:0§ be Ws° ,nducted i-house• .er, wal him to l ou se co ught uP 0 twelve .Ls with ed to go alleging r. They a officer aster its h grave ,er. He to tba r which ,arts Or seat °I. 'ON ar e Le Up pe r I is Mo alovnie d lot 000 , marke t y LOY ,incotn, Charity :ter wsrdi LANS' visit LIO plenata return oy by hit a visD i Haase, 'iicilfir V , to Earl 0' tur Hide' • Chi P Sandia Ire]. V. IwOr a of Sskir is lam, v/ 3 _ l Catbedr w JOb° Thom l l the LO ~top 01"( ; desti' ° n Wet 1101' e resigoro ckf the 0 1 , ,57 ; ~ e,4. f levels 0' Ipleted e 1 ; ou nd of a LOn d°9 ent o f tb e -ow w hi Q g does P o abue I . 0 0 t the "bi rocured SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. DONCASTER RACES. Doncaster, Friday, (concluded.) The Scarborough Stakes of 30 sous. each, 10 ft. One mile. Twenty subs. Mr. Walker's Mussulman, by Muley... ... 1 Colonel Crauford's The Mole, by Whalebone 2 Duke of Leeds's Lot, by Lottery 3 to 1 on Mussulman ; 3 to 1 agst. The Mole ; and 10 to 1 agst. Lot. The Mole made play to the distance, where Mussulman went by him, was never afterwards caught, and won in a canter by two or three lengths. Had Rockingham started, the 71b. extra would have made it a nice point between him and Mussulman. The Filly Stakes of 20 sovs. each, and 20 added. St. Leger Course. Nine subs. Mr. Powlett's The Mystery, by Lottery .... 1 Mr. S. Fox's Tesane, by Whisker 2 Sir R. Bulkeley's Katinka Mr. Houldsworth's Constance, by Buzzard 4 5 to 4 on Tesane ; 3 to 4 agst The Mystery ; 4 to 1 apt Constance; and 6to 1 agst Katinka. Constance made running. The Mystery lying second to her till round the turn, where the two changed places, Conatance directly afterwards dropping behind the others. At the distance Tesane challenged The Mystery and ran pretty well with her to the Grand Stand, where the other left her to herself, and won in a canter. Sweepstakes of 25 sous each for 4 year olds and upwards. Four miles. Three stabs. Mr. Walker's Con,ol, 5 yrs, walked over. A Plate of 100/. for 3 and 4 year olds. Heats two miles. Lord Macdonald's b. c. Carnaby by Brutandorf, 13 yrs, 7st 31b. (INlarson jun.) Mr. Houldsworth's b. c. David, by Catton 4 yrs, Sat 71b (received 45 guineas) 4 2 Mr. Barrow's b. f. by Whisker, Alecto, 3 yrs, 51b Mr. Reed's b. c. Stinker, by Humphrey Clinker, 3 yrs 7st slb Sir R. Dick's gr. g. Allegro, by Jock, 3 yrs, 7st slb First heat, even on Carnaby, and 3 to I agat David. Second heat, 6 and 7to 4on Carnaby. Won easy. With this Plate the meeting terminated. The sport, on the whole, was plentiful enough, but was not remarkable for its excellence, not above three out of the twenty races decided having been contested with any severity. The general arrangements, under the able management of the Messrs. Lockwood, were the same as last year, with the exception that Mr. W. Lockwood, of York, officiated as judge in pl ace o f hi s f at h er , w h o re ti res a ft er 57 y ears ' service. The course was kept, and the starting managed, with admirable precision. Rockingham.—Although he runs in the name of Mr. Watt, this colt actually belongs to that gentleman's son in law, Mr. Hall. He was bred by Mr. Allen, ran at two years old at Doncaster, was up to that time amiss; sold to the present owner for 1,000 guineas, and has never had a day's illness since. His portrait, by Herring, will shortly be added to Fuller's " Great St. Leger Winners." In our list of sales we accidentally omitted the following, the property of Earl Fitzwilliam : The stallion Sandbeck, by Catton, Orvillina ; Mr. Hobson, 100 guineas. Ursula (brood mare), by Cervantes, Fanny ; Lord Exeter, 40 guineas. Br filly, 2 yrs, by Chateau Margaux or Sandbeck, Parthenessa, own sister to Medora, by Cervantes ; Lord Exeter, 55 guineas. B colt foal by Mulatto, Reposada ; Duke of Rich mond, 120 guineas. Heaton Park Races take place on Wednesday next and 5 3 two following days, under the management of Mr. Etty, of Manchester ; Mr. Orton, who so ably fills the chair at the YorkPleetings, is appointed judge. Lord Wilton will entertain a large party. ENFIELD RACES, Barr. 19. The Waltham Abbey Plate of 50 sovs. Heats, twice round and a distance, the winner to be sold for 1601., if de manded &c. The second horse to receive 5 says. from the fund. Mr. Wilson's b. c. by Sultan, 3 yrs. 1 1 Mr. Coleman's Dr. Sewell, 5 yrs Sir. Bishop's Emma, 3 yrs 3 0 Mr. Dunckly's bl. 1. by Muley 3 yrs dis. The Berkeley Stakes for beaten horses, of 5 sous. each, with 25 soya. added from the Fund. Heats, twice round and a distance. (5 subs.) The winner to be sold for SO/. if demanded, &c. Mr. Sefford's Punctual,:aged 0 0 1 1 Mr. Coleman's Dr. Sewell 0 1 2 2 Mr. White's, The Ghost 4 yrs 1 0 0 0 Mr. Dunckly's bl. f. by Muley dis WENLOCK RACES.-SEPT. 18. Sweepstakes of 10 soya. each, with 20 sovs. added, for all ages. Twice round and a distance ; about two miles. Eleven subs. Mr. Lawley named Independence, aged ... 1 Mr. Mosley named Diana, 5 yrs Lord Darlington named hr. c. AI, zereon 3 yrs 3 Lord Wenlock named Champignon, 4 yrs 4 Sweepstakes of five sovs. eich, for horses not thorough bred. Heats twice round and a distance, was not run. A Plate of 501. the gift of B. Thompson, Esq., for all ages. Heats, twice round and a distance. Mr. Painter's b. g. Decoction, 4 yrs 1 1 Mr. Beardsworth's b. g. by Scamper, Livonia 2 2 Mr. H idlow's b. g. Hector, 4 yrs 3 3 The Farmers' 501., the gift of the Right Honourable Lord Forester, for horses, &c., not thorough bred, the property of farmers. Heats, twice round and a tbs. tance. Mr. Wood's ch. g. by Bustard, by Alligator, 6 yrs. 1 1 Mr. Bates's br. m. by Champion, aged 2 2 Mr. Edward's gr. g. by Vestris, by Lutwiche 3 3 Mr. Giles's br. h. Sir Edward, 6 yrs Captain Pratt and the officers of the detach ment of Royal Marines doing duty at Deptford, had the honour of entertaining at dinner yesterday (Thursday) at their mess, Captain the Duke of Futnari, and the officers of his Sicilian Majesty's brig Zephyr. The object of this vessel's visit to this country is to procure a steam boat, and naval and military stores for the Neapolitan Govern ment, for which purpose she will remain at her present moorings at Deptford during the winter. _ _ EXTRAORDINARY V SWINDLER.—LateIy a fashionably-dressed man, styling himself " Captain," took lodgings in Paddington street, Marylebone, and from his fund of anecdote gained great celebrity in the neighbour ing taverns. An evening or two since, however, a trades man at Pimlico recognised him as a fellow who had got himself on Colonel Evan's Committee at the late West minster Election, and run up a score, amounting to 191., at Mr. Gosling's of the Pine Apple, Graham-street, Chelsea. On the bill being given to him he altered the account to twentv-eight pounds, and presented it to the Secretary of the Committee, who demurred to its extrava gance, and would advance only ten pounds, with which be absconded. When these facts were known, a number of butchers, bakers, and others congregated round the door of the Captain, but he and a dashing female, who lived with him, had made their escape. Mr. Gosling, how ever, happened to meet him on Wednesday, and having threatened the Captain with an arrest, the latter begged his dear friend to accept his watch and two sovereigns in part payment, and he gave his " word of hon our" to pay the rest as soon as possible. He represented himself as the son of a military officer who commanded a regiment at Waterloo, and died in his (the Captain's) arms. LISBON PAPERS. (From the Times.) When we inserted in our last the important intel ligence received from Portugal, we had not time to make any extracts from the Lisbon Papers, but though the descriptions of the battle of the sth, given by our Correspondents, are ample and inte resting, we think it right to add the following ac count, from the Chronica Constitutional, which, in consequence of its appearing in that journal, acquires the stamp of authority, and must be regarded as the first official report or summary bulletin of the action. It may here be mentioned, that, according to some private letters, the Spanish Ambassador has so com pletely associated himself with Bourmont and Clouet in the attacks on the Portuguese capital, as to ap• pear more in the character of a Miguelite General than a diplomatist. Avoiding the Court of the lawful Sovereign of Portugal, he repairs to the head-quarters of rebel Generals, and openly takes part in the ci% il war which is ravaging that unhappy country. This is a direct interference on the part of Spain which ought to be immediately checked by England and France. It would warrant reprisals by Don Pedro, and he is not without the means of striking a blow which would be seriously felt by Ferdinand and the Absolutists. - The following is the bulletin published in the Chronica of the 7th instant : LISBON, SEPT. 6.—Yesterday, at half-past five in the morning, the enemy in force, to the extent of between 11,000 and 12,000 men, made an attack on some points of the centre of our line. The rebel force advanced in six columns, two of which, headed by a great number of sharp-shooters, advanced in the direction of the Arco do Cego ; but the fire of our batteries changed this part of the enemy's plan, and obliged him to make a flank movement upon his right. These columns being then united with the other four, which were destined for the attack on our centre, the whole charged our positions of San Sebastiao da Pedreira and Campolide. The incom plete state of our fortifications was supplied by the courage of our brave soldiers, and the rebels, in both of the two attacks which they made, were repulsed with very considerable loss. Our regular troops conducted themselves with that bravery and steady coolness by which they have always been so highly distinguished throughout the whole of the determined struggle of legitimacy against perjury, and of patriotism against despotism. The citizen soldiers, though less experienced in war, displayed a valour truly admirable, combined with the most perfect goodwill to the service, and in the brilliant defence which was every where made they rivalled their brave companions in arms. Their gallant deportment was warmly applauded by the old soldiers, and in the operations which may hereafter be undertaken, the liberating army will be able to bring into the field new and valiant corps, animated by the most decided love of country. During the remainder of the day the rebels did not renew their attack on any point, but they occupied a wall in front of the Quinta do Seabra, where they confined themselves to maintaining, chiefly under. cover, a very brisk fire. They were dislodged from this position as soon as orders to that effect were given by our commanders, and by eeven o'clock in the evening ;he enemy had retired to the distance of a quarter of a league. It was not necessary for any part of our reserve to be brought into action, and not two-thirds of the troops which garrisoned the posts were engaged. Yesterday and to-day many deserters have come in, and from them we learn that the Miguelite Generals relied on a reac tion in the capital, aided by which they hoped to ob tain an advantage over the Queen's troops. These deserters also state the loss of the enemy at from 2,000 to 2,400 men, which is consistent with an approximate estimate on the proportion of 400 dead left close to our positions, where we have also found a great number of horses which had been killed in the action, and also a French General, who com manded the enemy's cavalry. As soon as we receive circumstantial reports of the deeds performed on this brilliant day, we shall hasten to communicate them to the public, which has shown so anxious an inte rest in the glory of the arms that defend the cause of justice and the Queen. Meanwhile it is but justice to observe that to this spectacle of valour and patriotism was added another, less brilliant indeed, but not therefore less worthy of being made known to the nation. A num ber of Ministers of the altar, conducted by the worthy Priests of the parishes of this city, humanely conveyed the wounded from the field of battle to the military hospital, and ministered to them all the aids of religion and charity. This spectacle, unfor tunately too seldom exhibited in Portugal, and so different from the example which has been most shamefully set by many pseudo Ministers of a God peace, crowns the patriotism of all the defenders of this illustrious city, by consecrating, with the divine succours of religion, the patriotic efforts of the brave men who shed their blood in the fulfilment of the obligation of their oath. While these scenes of valour and patriotism were passing in the trenches, the most perfect tranquil lity and the greatest enthusiasm reigned within the city. Good order was nowhere in the slightest degree interrupted. All the factories, shops, and public offices carried on their transactions in the re gular course of business. During the whole of this glorious day no act any way hostile to individual security or public order occurred. To the honour of the inhabitants and emigrants resident in the capital, it must be stated that this tranquillity was due far more to the confidence which they placed in the brave troops who defended them, and the spirit of patriotism by which they were themselves animated, than to the peal of the authorities, who on their part displayed, during the whole action, the greatest energy and activity, and the most laudable interest in the preservation of public order. Glori ous is the day of which all citizens cart say—" The safety of the country was in danger, we did our duty arid the country was saved." LtenoN, SEPT. 6.—When the Senhor Don Pedro resolved to go to the island of Terceira, to put himself at the head of the Portuguese emigrants, and heroically undertake the liberation of Portugal from the yoke of tyranny, which even now in some places still oppresses it, the different Cabinets trembled, without excepting the liberal ones. They all knew that Don Pedro was firm in his principles, and that no obstacle would make him waver in so generous an enterprise : they were afraid that the liberating army under his orders would become pro pagandist in principle, which many abhorred, and all were afraid of : in this perplexity, and this fear, every Cabinet, according to its own method, en deavoured to throw obstacles in the way of so mag nanimous a resolution. However, Don Pedro pro ceeded in a mariner becoming his noble, frank, and generous character, in the beginning and in the pro gress of his expedition, so as to quiet the fears of -the sincere, and to disarm of their mischief the designs of such as covered sinister and tortuous projects. For this purpose he issued his manifesto, which, from the great publicity given to it, and the principles it displayed, announced to all Governments and all people the purity of his intention, the good faith of his projects, and the generosity of his heart. By this manifesto has Senhor Don Pedro, from the moment of its publication until now, regulated in every respect his political conduct most religiously, and by his decree of the 15th ult. he has accom plished the fulfilment of all his promises contained in the said manifesto, by ordering the convocation of the Chambers, and the deputies of the nation, to come authorized to decide upon the two important matters which offer the greatest interest in the ap proachinghppithaoesolr dfts wraeloniiaptrfsrda document, lomglec l i puvs e smeed d g ensu i ed : rn l Legislature. agrcan by continued l td itt nhhh ae lk istpt l orsot publicationoicr tithe nes t pe l uoialilfron the tits a hea etaiof y edufme e hl fiaoetilrlrdima: andmoderation snert caiDiet: imootol a to-i: a d a i r t id ion gen ,p e ro ro v s i i n t g y Don e n r h t e i ph s b conductreyodntre:a desires ef shi tiraiseinssdo nothingli his yg s uops object j pacific de fic atbuu d igst i h s dispo sition, daughter. the .e. r u e e s y t o o r n a d t on h iosf flattering hope of one day enjoying, in his sititple character of Duke of Braganza, the blessings of peace, and the pleasure of seeing his august daugh ter reign in the hearts of all Portuguese; thus ex periencing, beneath the shade of the laurels he has won, the sweet consolation of having begun and finished a painful war without ambition, and to have concluded it without remorse. Indeed, what single action of Don Pedro's, since he took to heart the cause of her Most Faithful Ma jesty, can inspire even a distant fear of a propa gandism ? What fact can authorize a rational fear on the subject in the Cabinets which observe the loyal and frank manner of his proceeding ? It must be confessed that such fears become still more ex- . traordinary when those same Cabinets, whatever may be the system of their government, allow the organization and operation in the Peninsula of a propaganda of another species without even attempt ing to check its progress! For what reason are they so fearful of an imaginary propaganda, of which there exists not the least appearance, either in the will or the actions of him whom they suspect as its chief, than of that which is not only openly and vi sibly announced, but already organized and put into action, of which the undisguised chief is General Bourmont, with 240 Vendean officers at least, who, pretending to fight for Don Miguel, declare, without shame, that they are fighting for Henry V. Is not this propaganda destined to support the doctrine op posed to liberty and the interests of the people ? Have they not visibly undertaken for its basis the support with their money, with their influence, with Generals in their pay, the civil war in Portugal ? To disturb completely the tranquillity of Spain, and to overthrow the reigning dynasty in France, and`, to light up the torch of war which may extend all over Europe ? Can an army which contends for its rights, and for those of the nation it belongs to, be justly suspected of propagandism ? A Prince born in the country, who fights for the throne of his august daughter ? And is not that a more fearful propagandist—an army headed by a stranger to the country and to the cause in dis pute, banished from his own country—who came and introduced himself gratuitously in a cause which does not belong to him ; for the defence of which he has been made Minister at War, thereby unnatu ralizing the army he commands ? A General who is a stranger to all the interests that justify this war, and yet so devoted to it, that although he had expe rienced nothing but reverses before Oporto, he came yesterday to find before the lines of Lisbon another defeat a more than sufficient proof, by this mad pertinacity, that others will govern him—that another ambition than that of war is his guide ; and that his real intention is to wait in this corner of the Peninsula for future events, in which his propagan dism may be snore boldly developed ? By this parallel, of which nobody can dispute the correctness, it is difficult to explain the timid spirit by which, in this respect, the Cabinets of those countries are ac tuated which are governed by free institutions— obliged by duty, as well as interest, to preserve un touched their political existence, the quiet of their people, and the conversation of the threatened dy nasty, as a guarantee of general tranquillity, they not only refuse to check the progress of this evil, but carry their erring system so far, as to sacrifice by a cold indifference upright men, whose views are protected by the laws of nature and of mankind ; they are unmoved spec tators of the horrors committed, and the vast pro jects formed by a party of Vandal Miguelites, who, not content with wounding the bosom of the country which gave birth to each of the two actual chiefs, would wish to end by overthrowing completely the tranquillity of Europe. In truth, the sang frond with which these powers, whose nod can give peace or war, behold the progress of such a scourge, is very like the complacency with which the peasants in the fable beheld the burning of their neighbours' corn-fields without assisting them, until it finished by burning their own. The time is come for Eng land to consider the present case as a caaus firderis in her treaties with Portugal, attacked by an army foreign by its chiefs, foreign from its motives, and foreign by its conduct; and for France to recognize the hostile intentions of this army, and be assured that the war commenced in Portugal will shortly, if suffered to proceed, extend to the gates of Bayonne. These two great Powers, happily for the people of Europe, are now united—let them re collect, that on their conduct depends the general tranquillity—that the system of non-interference has its limits, as well as all systems, which otherwise degenerate into absurdities ; and that for their go vernments is reserved either the glory of putting an end to the sufferings of the people, or the responsi bility of sacrificing their interests and rights to the caprices of a faction. LISBON. From the Chronica Constitucional of the 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th of Sept.) The first article in each of these papers contains, almost in the sante terms, the daily account of the occupations of the Emperor, his going out at six in the morning to visit the line of defence and give the necessary orders, transact ing business with the Ministers, giving audiences to dif ferent persons, receiving soldiers who had deserted from the enemy, &c. The official part contains a great number of ordinances, decrees, &c. The towns of Cabrella, Almada, Samora-Correa, Monte, Nogueira d'Azeitao, and Oliveira d'Azemeis, have sent to the Minister of the Interior the certificates of their having proclaimed her Most Faithful Majesty Donna Maria 11. The Duke of Braganca has given orders to make ar rangements in the Royal Monastery of St. Vincent de Fora, for the sittings of the two Chambers of the Corte,. (Non•oflicial of the Cleronica•) Lissoar, Serr. 10.--Where are those formidable de. fenders of the throne and the altar? (Since to the mis fortune of mankind, even tyranny and crime do not cease to have throne and altar.) Where is the terrible Bour mont, whose sword like the lever of Archimedes, was to move the earth ! Five days ago he prepared and com menced a terrible attack, but fortune was again hostile to genius, beaten at every point he reti eated, and since that time he has been silent, but his silence will be terrible as that of the volcano, which prepares while in a state of repose a devastation and irresistible eruption. We wish that he to-morrow would break the silence to which we compelled him. This new despicable actor in the drama of the usurpation has covered himself with infamy and derision, sa that (and in so short a time) his praises, even in the mouths of his partisans, are converted into bitter irony in spite of all the illusions of party and of interest; even our enemies know that they are irretrievably ruined, reduced entirely to their own resources, and what are they ? The remains of an army many times routed, some hundred of soldiers demoralized, dragged, unpaid, who, wherever they come, act as enemies, because their discipline is that of a band of robbers, and with such means, what can they gain but universal hatred and execration ? Fire, rapine, bloodshed and death every where mark the passage of these bands of barbarians ; and what is most horrible, their most atrocious excesses are committed by the positive orders of their wicked leaders, The ruin of the second capital of the kingdom, the burning of the magazines of Villa Nova, are proofs of this fatal truth. Such a delirium of wickedness seems incredible, and it seems impossible that Bourmont, who must at least have common sense, should he ignorant of the state of the cause in which he is engaged. The first lesson which he received at Oporto wus a pretty severe one, and yet he was not so undeceived! He dared to see the lines of Lisbon, and a fate proved, if not to him, yet to the world, the madness of his projects. Ridiculous impositions are now the only stratagems to which this Atlas of the usurpation has re course, but nobody gives credit to them because the truths which refute them are generally known. What avails it that he tells his miserable soldiers that they hava to combat in the lines of Lisbon only a few men who never saw war, if those soldiers see the lines and find a warlike population, and the liberating army commanded by its immortal chief, who always led it to victory What signifies it that he promises revolution in Lisbon, that he says that the people are in despair that a barrel of water costs eight testoons, (4s. 6d. sterling,) when everybody knows that the population of above 200, 000 inhabitants, does not experience a single pri. v ation, to interrupt the satisfactio❑ and enthuiaem with which it is tilled, in being relieved from the most fero cious despotism ? Lastly, what signify the gross calum pies of impudent and wicked men, if all Portugal sees the liberating army directed by the eta ictist discipline, worthy of its august chief, offer everywhere security, peace, and fraternity to the people, while the demoralized troops of the usurpation have devastated every place they have passed through. Our enemies are ruined, and woe to them if they do not trust to the clemency of our august Regent. The de spondency that overwhelms them is proved by the fruitless ness of all their exertions ; the deluded, one after another, come over to us, and there are plenty of Portuguese to anni hilate those who are incorrigible. Great numbers of Portuguese have already taken arms with the most laud able patriotism, and it is to he hoped that no one will fail in so important a duty. Our august Queen is on the point of arriving, and the most noble proof that we can give ber of our fidelity, and of cur gratitude for the benefits we have received from her august father, is to show her in every citizen a soldier to maintain her rights unim paired. Citizens, it is necess,,ry to sweep from our terri tory the monstere, who still infest it. Let each of us do his duty—the most imperious of all now is to take up arms. Our country relies on you, and its confidence will not be vain.—Lisbon Papers to the 12th Sept., inclusive. PORTUGAL. (From the Times.) The annexed letter from Lisbon is important, in showing the excellent state of the defences, as well as the confidence and enthusiasm with which the inhabitants were awaiting the expected attack : " LISBON, Szrr. 3.—Everything is a la guerre— everything smells of powder ; no one occupies himself but about our new position. The army of Don Miguel has advanced close upon us, which that of Don Pedro has allowed it to do, with a view of drawing it within the fire of our lines; but Bourmont, finding that we were more inaccessible than he supposed, thought proper to take up his position on the side of Lumiar, Bemfica, and Charnier. His advanced posts showed themselves the whole day on the heights of Palma de Cima, working at a redoubt that they were anxious to establish on the road which descends from Redemaker towards Machado. On our side, we are working night and day, not only to render our positions inaccessible, but to put them in such a state as to he enabled to confide them to the 14,000 national volunteers of the town, and permit us, with our 8,000 regular troops, to take the offensive, and which number will be augmented by reinforcements that are expected from Oporto; so that, including about 300 Lancers, English, French, Prussians, and Poles, the terror of the Miguelitep, we shall be, one and all, about 10,000 good soldiers. It really is delightful to go through the lines and witness the enthusiasm of the troops, and see the monks and priests working at the re doubts. The line of fortifications commences on the right, at Madre de Dios, which is supported by the men-of-war, who command the whole of the banks to Chabreyas ; from thence it is carried over the heights which command the valley of Chellas, by l'Alto do Sa❑ Joao, Alto do Varijao, and in front of Penha de Franca, as far as the heights on the right of Arroyos, which command the magnificent po sition of that convent, where we have taken the precaution to place four of the twelve famous 64-pounders which Joao Paulo Cordeiro procured for Don Miguel. The valley of Arroyos being thus defended, and, besides, being cut sag-zag by a trench bordered by a ditch, fifteen feet broad, and very deep, the lines continue in front of the house of the Count de Linhares, straight to the barrier Arco de Cego by the heights of that name straight to Picoas, from thence to St. Sebastiao da Pedriera, the country-house of the Viscount da Bahia (Ciabria), under Palhavaa, straight to Campo Lide, below the house of Pedro de Souza, straight to the commence ment of the arches, and lastly by Arco do Cavalhao to Praseres, to the bridge of Alcantara, which is also fortified and commands the river. All along the line are batteries strongly constructed and well situated ; but the one at the commencement of the aqueduct is really superior. The whole is divided into districts, and every one has his place assigned and fixed ; there is also a corps de reserve, and to.morrow telegraphs are to be constructed, to com municate from different points of the fortifications, so that in a minute the centre will know what is taking place at the extremities. Having the confidence of the inhabit ants, who also place the strictest reliance in our chiefs, we fear nothing, and Bourmont may come when he likes." THE HOP TRADE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin,—Should the facts stated be considered by you of interest to your readers, their insertion in your next Paper is requested. M. Sept. 21, 1833. FACTS AND PROSPECTS OF THE HOP TRADE. SEPTEMBER 1833. In 1817 the price of Hops was fro!. 20/. to 251. per cwt. ; therefore it may be safely stated that the stock was consumed. _ . Year. Old Duty. 1818 paid £199,400 1819 252,000 1820 138,300 1821 154,600 1822 203,700 1823 26,000 1824 148,800 1825 24,300 The Price was in October. £ll oto £l2 0 per cwt. 6 0 6 10 5 10 6 0 4 10 5 0 40 5 0 10 0 10 10 80 9 0 20 0 21 0 8 Years...X 1,147,100 A 143,460 Average. The high price again in 1825 proves that the stock was exhausted ; showing a consumption of 143,4001. Year. Old Duty. Price was in October. 1326 paid £269,300 £5 0 to £5 10 per cwt. 1827 140,800 5 10 6 0 1828 172,000 5 0 5 10 1829 38,300 7 0 7 7 1830 88,6100 8 8 9 0 1831 174,800 7 0 7 7 1832 139,000 8 0 9 0 7 Year5....Z1,022,200 £146,200 Average. MALT (From Returns to Parliament.) Quarters. 1829 3,702,151 422,908 used by Distillers. 3,279,243 1832 4,8-15,828 419,756 used by Distillers. 4,405,072 1633 (By Estimation) 5,350,000 450,000 used by Distillers. 4,900,000 Number of acres under cultivation for Hops estimated at 50,000. Calculating that every quarter of Malt uses 6ilb. of Hops, the consumption of Hops will be equal to— Old Duty. For the Year 183' £137,412 11 4 1833 152,851 11 3 1833. Hops to meet the consumption of 1833-1834, estimated produce at 6 cwt. per acre, will give Old Duty X 150,000 Deduct, not fit for use or exportation 25,000 £125,000 To meet a consumption of 152,000 Deficit .£27,000 Should the crop of 1834 prove deficient, which occurs twice in seven years (on the average), what will the price of Hops be ?—The chance is worth notice. ADEL PHI THEATRE. The entertainments of Saturday evening terminated the season of the English Opera Company at this theatre, and a numerous and respectable audience were present. The performances were—The Court Masque, The Four Sisters, The Yeoman's Daughter, and The Mummy. At the end of the third piece Mr. SERLE came forward and delivered the following appropriate address :—" Ladies and Gentlemen,—l am deputed by the Proprietor to offer you on this, the last night of his season, his sincere thanks for the patronage with which you have honoured this esta blishment during a period of calamity and general depres sion almost unparalelled in theatrical history. He has desired me at the same time to state that many difficulties have hitherto prevented the building of the new English Opera House, but that those vexatious impediments have been gradually removed by unremitting perseverance, and there is now every reason to hope that a very few mouths will enable him to welcome his friends and the public, in a theatre worthy of them, and of the purpose for which it will be erected—namely, the advancement of dramatic music in this country.—(Applause.) The Proprietor feels confident that he will then be enabled to redeem his pledge of restoring the English Opera at least to that degree of credit which it had acquired for some years before the disastrous event which drove him to an asylum where all his energies have been cramped, and hie main object defeated. Ladies and Gentlemen—ln this hope, and in his ❑ame, as well as in that of my brother and sister per formers, and my own, I bid you for the present, most respectfully and sincerely, farewell." The Strand Theatre opens on Monday next under the mangement of Mr. J. RUSSELL, with a farce entitled His first Champagne, in which WRENCH, REDS, BENSON, HILL, Miss CRISP, and Mrs. REDE, play the principal characters. We are told that it is the present determina tion of the joint-lessee of the two winter theatres to have only one pantomime at Chi istmas next. They are very expensive entertainments, and of late years have frequently been in the end unprofitable. Jerrold has been engaged by Mr. Bunn to write a musical piece on the story of Mother Goose, once so popular as a pantomime. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. Among the intimations which we have re ceived from several respectable correspondents, who write us to express their satisfaction at the descriptive accounts which we have lately given of the character, provisions, and tendency of the East India and Factory Bills, we find it men tioned with regret that several of the other im portant permanent measures of the session are almost as imperfectly known to the general body of the public, and stand equally in need of abridgment and commentary, as the former. We are ourselves fully sensible of the deficiency of information adverted to, and have already as cribed it to its true cause—the excessive multi plicity of the labours of the session, the exces sive number of unnecessary speeches at its com mencement, and the rapidity with which its necessary business was transacted at its close. Among those important measures which, for this reason, are but imperfectly known, a conspicuous place must be assigned to the Bill for securing " the better administration of justice in his Majesty's Privy Council." The cases for merly brought before this high tribunal were appeals from his Majesty's Courts of Admiralty in causes of prize, and appeals from the various courts of judicature in the East Indies, and in the plantations, colonies, and other dominions of his Majesty abroad. To these were added, by the 2d and 3d of his Majesty, the cases which were formerly submitted to the High Court of Delegates, both in ecclesiastical and maritime concerns. But while this latter new business was transferred to the Privy Council, its constitutio❑ and rules remained the same,and its efficiency was not increased. The Bill of last session has entirely altered the former state of things, and cannot fail to exercise a most exten sive and salutary effect on the administration of justice in cases where justice was either practi cally denied by delay, or in which it was liable to be perverted by inattention or ignorance. It confers a new constitution on the tribunal, it se cures to it more efficient officers, and directs, in some cases, its proceedings. Instead of allow ing appeals to be decided by any member of the Council who may indiscriminately be pre- sent, or rather by one or two judges sworn into the Council, who choose to attend, it enacts that " a judicial committee" of the Council shall be formed for hearing and re pcnting all cases referred to this tribunal. This committee is to consist of the President of the Privy Council for the time being, of the Lord High Chancellor of England for the time being, ayd such of his Majesty's Privy Councillors as shall hold the offices of Lord Keeper of the Great Seal, Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench, Master of the Rolls, Lord Chief Jus tice of the Common Pleas, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, Judge of the Prerogative Court, Judge of the High Court of Admiralty, a C ll hief Judge l)relion of the Co sholders oft trt i i tese in om ß ee akupt snwriioscy, shall be n members of the Council. To these it shall he fTrofromlawful for his Majesty to add any two other road, as well as f rom Councillors. appeals Courts abroad, referred his Majesty's Courts of Admiralty at home, an d all other kinds of appeals from any sentence , o this rule, or order of any court or judi c i a l o ffi cer persons, Committee areng Vice-Admiralty t o P b ry the which could formerly by law, by statute, or custom, be brought before the Privy Council. Formerly, not only could persons unacquaint.. ed with the law of the cases to be decided occupy a place at the Council Board, and give judgment on difficult and intricate ques tions of appeal, but they might come in after the cause had been heard, and join in a report or recommendation of which they neither knew the facts nor the principles. No number of councillors was, besides, required to attend, so that such recommendations might proceed from a portion of the Council by no means entitled to reverence either for its legal abilities, or for its extended responsibility. By the recent Act, " the judicial committee" cannot consist of less than four while it exer cises its functions, and no report or recommen dations towards a judgment can be made from it to his Majesty, unless a majority of the Mem bers of the Committee present at the hearing shall concur in the decision. Formerly, how ever desirable it might be to have the frequent attendance of such judges on active duty as were Members of the Privy Council, no provi sion was made for securing their assistance. They might, after partly hearing a cause, plead as a valid excuse for not continuing their at tendance to its conclusion, that they were en gaged in discharging important judicial functions in their own Courts, and that their place could not be supplied, or their presence dispensed with. The 6th clause of the bill provides for such a contingency by enacting, that in case his Majesty shall require the attendance of any of the three chief Judges of the supreme courts, who shall be Privy Councillors, such arrangements shall be made by the other Judges of their respective courts as shall enable them for the time to dispense with their attendance without impeding the public service. For the purposes of this Act his Majesty is empowered to appoint one of the Barons of the Exchequer to sit in equity for the Chief Baron, when the latter is called to at tend as a member of "the judicial committee" of the Privy Council. Formerly the Privy Council, in appeal cases, was restricted to pleadings on written evidence. " The ju, dicial committee " may now order witnesses to attend,—may examine them on oath, and either decide on such new evidence or remit the cause for a rehearing before the Court from whose de cision the appeal was made. They may even direct an issue to be tried by a jury in the courts of common law, on any question of fact which they may judge proper to submit to such a tri, bunal. The decrees are to he enrolled which may be made by his Majesty in council, judicia lpointed f c o o r m t m h e i t p t e t r . pos A es r o eg f is t t h r e ar A i e s t, to wh b o e mapay iu consequence o f th e recommen d at i on o f the be instructed to take written depositions on oath, • to whom matters of account may be referred, (to be examined and reported on) as matters are referred by the Court of Chancery to a Master of the Court, and to whom other simi lar duties may be afterwards assigned by his. Majesty. This judicial committee is to have the same power of compelling appearances, and punishing contempts as any of the supreme Courts of Westminster Hall, and his Majesty in Council will have the same power of enforcing its judgments, decrees, and orders as they pos ses. But one of the most essential provisions of the Bill, as r egar d s appea l s f rom an immense portion of our for i e io ia s n ha d l o l n h r a in v i e o i n i s e , ld st t i i il e o,c remains to be describ e d. Hi s Majesty is empowered by its 30th clause t o appoint two Me mber s of the. Privy Council, w f Ju Ige in the East Indies, or in any of his