The Sun. — London, England, 1863-08-15 00:00:00

-~;~..-. 1 , , --- 4 . - .. . -.....--...,... -L ... . , , .• 4EVSPA..PER — 7 --------:...., ;:-..;-,-- - -;: - .. d ------ ---,,.,:--- - _--__- - -- -- Np ' . .s. , . - , . , -. • • • • )- . ° s ‘• 111 • r,. -'‘ , l-ioi •-- A N , - 0 ,7. ; , 14 - - .g• L- ,•.` •~ tat S - , „ *ti .„7., . .et .__ . ---,-- ,_. .1 . 41 , ~ .., ~ " 11 111111_ ,,. 4 ;4 meat of the Polish question unfit posed settle ~,,, t.., ,-s, , P • lung of itself. I C I EMP4 MBER, NVE SIT AT EVANS' „., \\, — , ~.....„ i• 4 '4 .0. 7 • 7 0,:Ar•- . ... Polish insurrection falls to not i- ; 1 / , ... _ AUGUST 8. EVERY EVF'NING THIS WEEK aft .r Alfred i, . . ; -l : ' ' r TV - \-.'" - 4, 11 0 ( si N .... ‘s.--L''''Ll)l.4.lr:.."'' 1"1------.':'"":11-4:1 * -- --- . I.ta Mellon's Promenade ' t• , • „,,,,_. Am+ . Concerts. • s - ... -...- "" ~ , ,ii t il l t•••••, ~ , , ,A.,,,-' ,"-- ir ~.. ~ • e e n d il e l it ay imagines l tcanpo t s h t a p t on r : k aH pr til=i " : :- ' ~- 4.1. )' a" -- : ED,T„NhaRrtUTRGR . . , "k:.. .r . r '''' N 1 ./ , ~' di', _ - 411411111 4. ' '• 0 1 %11b9111111Mllik '''. • i . .7.-- ''' dr ' . (11',ducea Fares), from iron.* ' .. , ''.4,-- -- , ,/,.. .. i t,,_ ~,‘,,,m0b . ,,,a, /if 3 1 0 - 5, , , , i'1 1 ..-,,, _ - , ~, . ......7.-- 0.1-14741,177nAd. a(P- . A..-.` 4 _, ',./ V. DROTr• * e - (soldiers and sailors ; 20 s ; fore cabin, 15s ; deck .. ' ' - C - .....,0„,074•T - - aD i t , A...__!!d; /..Ar ' find teni iotfseclfptiltaaltli a month), 30s a d ,-, return tickets (available for n „,2s Fd The cheapest and quickest sea route by the splendid ne w . STEAMSHIPS of the LONDON and by - vir„ 1.,-- r--m Cracow that a terrible explosion rlt 11 Lot\ SHIPPING - COMPANY, sailing every IVednesday and Saturday, at 10 morning. Apply at the Spread agle, Regent-circus ;or at Irongate-wharf. S ALE V.R.—TOWER. 0 P STORES.—By Order of the b y Public ALE OP STORES.._.B Orler of the V.R._TOWER SECRETARY OF STATE FO R WAR, to be Sold, o h f e A ys Auction, in th e T ower, on THURSDAY, the 20th tfuoznuoswt,ig.o3,t at Eleven o'cl oc k in the Forenoon precisely, Stores : Largie Assortment of Grey Itaiwes complete, with Ovens .. and other Clothing. Bu 1 111 , A. and Boilers. swick Rifles, Accoutrements. Brun Tents and Marquees. 20 Gal. Cop pers, Gres' Coats. i S s e c v e e n r a a n l e l o , u o s ts A o r f ti F cl i e r s e . .wood Old Iron, Steel, and ____ THE ORIENTAL HOTELS COMPANY (imited). Incor porated under th e C L om.,anies' Act, 1802, by which the Liability of each Shareholder is strictly limited tothe amount Of his Shares. Capital £ 7 50,000, in 25,000 Shares of £lO each. (With power to increase to line Million Sterling.) First Issue 12,500 Shares, whereof a portion will be reserved r nic Denosit £1 per Share fo apl I tion, and £ 1 on allot ment. Calls not to exceed £2 per Sh p l are, with an interv al of not less th ree months between each call. DIRECTORS. Fir John Peter Grant, K.C.8., Chairman, late Lieutenant- Gor e rt Bengal. k.olonel enderson, C.B• , Director of the Easter n Ben g al Rail , Iva.) , Company. George Constable, Esq., Firm of Hen derson and Constable, Cannon -street, C. Sir Frederick Currie, Bart . Member of the Council of India. Colonel French, Chairman of the Bombay and Baroda Rail way Company. Colonel Holland, Director of the Agra and United Service Bank: - Joh n Stewart, Esq., Director of the Marine Insurance Com- any. John Robert Thomson, Esq., Chairman of the London and South African Bank. James Henry Young, Esq., late of the Bengal Civil Service, AUDITORS. T. It. Walker, Esq., 21, Hanover-square, and A Shareholder, to be elected at the First Gencral Meeting. BANKERS IN LONDON. The Agra and United Service Bank (Limited), 27, Cannon street, E.C. The London and County Bank, Hraover-square, W. RANKERS INDIA. The Ara and United, Service Bank (Limited). 80 :LICITORS. Atessrs. Uptons, Johnson, and Upton, 20, Austin-'riars, E.C. . - BROKER. Francis Burnand, lAsq., 78, Lombard-street, and 13 and 11, Countv-chambere, Cornhill, E.C. gECRETART (pro tern.) Macdonald Yates, Esq. Temporary Offices :-36, Cannon-street, E.C., and 5, Parli ment-street, Westminster. ABRIDGED PROSPECTUS. This Company is formed for the purpose of introducing a system of efficient Hotel accommodation into India, China, and other places in the East. In. CalcUtta a joiat-stock company has lately purchased and undertaken the management of a Hotel, and the pro spects of the enter,rise may be inferred from the very high premium at which their shares are quoted in the Calcutta market, see "Times" July 17, the "Englishman's Weekly Mail" of June 8, 1863, and " Allen's Indian Mail," of August 4—viz., £25 paid. present value, £45 ex div., equal to 80 per cent. prem., and the payment of a dividend of 10 per cent. for the half-year ending 30th April last, equal to 20 per cent, per annum. It is proposed, in the first instance, to supply the urgent requirements of Bombay and Point de Galle. In the event of two-thirds of the first issue of shares not being subscribed for, no allotment will take place, and the deposits will be returned to the subscribers, without deduc tion. Tt is proposed to pay to shareholders 5 per cent, interest upon the capital as paid up, until the first dividend is de clared. Detailed prospectuses and forms of application for shares may be obtained of the Secretary, Bankers, and Broker. ORIENTAL HOTELS COMPANY (Limited). NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN, That NO APPLICA TION for SHARES in the Oriental Hotels Company (Limited) WILL BE RECEIVED after THIS DAY (SATURDAY), the 15th August current; and AppliPations from the Country must be posted not later than MONDAY Evening. MACDONALD YATES, Secretary pro tern. CELEBRATION of the TERCENTENARY of NJ the BIRTH of SITA.KSPE ARE, at Stratford-upon- Avon. The Tercentenary Committee (of which Sir Robert IT. C. Hamilton, Bart., K.C.8., is Chairman) are now receiv ing SUBSCRIPTIONS, and they may also be paid to the account of the Tercentenary Committee, at the Stourbridri; e and Kidderminster or Warwick and Leamington Banks, S tratford-upon-Avon ; Messrs. Greenway, Smitl', a nd Greenway, Warwick ; or th e i r London agents, Messrs. Smith, Payne, and Co , Messrs. Hanburys and Co., or Messrs. Glyn and Co., bankers, London. The Tercentenary Committee, in submitting the subscrip tion list to the nation, most earnestly appeP.i to the admirers of Shakspeare for their aid and assistanc:, The Committee rest their claims upon the ground that `,..itrattord is not only the birthplace of Shakspeare. but th`l. centre of attraction to all admirers of the great Poet's vp - Jrks, and that it was his home, the town he loved, and wh ere he lived and died. THE ROYAL I Y.SURANCE COMPANY. lIF,AD OFFICES, • 29, Lombard-street, London, and Royal Insurance -IPadding,s, Liverpool. Total Annual Revenue exceeds £soo,o'o. Accumulated Fluids in hand over 1,000,000. Chairman in Liverpool : CHARLES TURNER, Esq., M.P. Chairman in London : WILLIAM WAINWRIGHT, Esq. EXTRACTS FROM THE REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1862. The Directors of the Royal Insurance Company are now called upon to make their accustomed periodical Report at the Meeting of its Shareholders. B The Directors have, as FIRE pleasi ß ngly ANCH. as unexpectedly, at the close of the year, to announce, for the first time, that the Fire Premiums have not only reached, but exceed £300,000. The high comparative position held by the Royal in the Government Returns of Duty is again fully maintained. The profit of the business of the year exceeds considerably the amount realised to the preceding year, and in fact sur passes that of any ?ear, with but two exceptions, since the commencement of thi. Office, the balance to the credit on account of British and Foreign Insurances being £45,107 10s. 5d., and of the ?'forth American business, whichis kept sepa rately, £11,097 16s. 10d. LIFE BRANCH. The very gratifying duty now f a ll s upon the Directors to state the sum assured on new policies for fhe year 1862 exceeds even that of the year 1861 by 4180,000, and has arrived at the almost unexampled amount for a single year of 4701,427 on 1,498 new policies issued. Until within the last few years it is believed that such a sum assured as that which has just been announced as the result of one year's business was all but unheard of. This portion of the Company's business has been carefully watched, a'Ad cannot fail to ge much satistion to the shareholder as well as no small for the future to, the participating life assurer. Evid.ence of continued care in the selection of lives is amply afforCted by a statement of the number rejected. These have am•Junted to 311 for the year, on which the aggregate sum Proposed for assurance 'mounts to 4145.281. Various degrees of ineligibility have led to these lives being declined. No small number of the Assurance Companies of the day record their accepted lives annually at a sum not much. if at exceeding those which the Royal has declared as Inadmis sible in a single year from deterioration of some kind or another. If, to complete their review, the Directors now advert briefly to the United Kingdom, they have to announce that in Fire Business its progress has been undoubtedly more rapid than that of any other Company established either in London or elsewhere, except when amalgamations have taken place. The returns of duty have proved this. In Life, the amount of New Policies already reported make all other evidence needless. The Directors conclude their present Report with the expression of an opinion that the prospects of the Royal Insurance Company were never brighter, and of a consequent hope, founded on a grateful remembrance of the past, that the future may unfold for it a sphere of still greater magni tude, combining distinguished commercial success to the Office with a lei, gthened career of usefulness and protection to the public. PERCY M. DOVE, Manager and Actuary. JOHN B. JOHNSTON, Secretary in London. NORTH BRITISH AND MERCANTILE INSURANCE COMPANY. Established 1809. Incorporated by Royal Charter and Special Acts of Parliament. Acc umulated and Invested Funds A nnual Revenue £2,122,828 422,401 FIRE DEPARTMENT. Insuran , es granted both at Home and in Foreign Countries on the most liberal terms. LIFE DEPARTMENT. Every facility offered to Insurers. Ninety per Cent. of the Profits divided among the Insurers on the participating principle. The new Life business I ransacted in 1862 as follows : Policies. Amount In'nred. Premiums. 1 037 . I £763,334 £23.641 0 0 Forms of Proposal and every information will be furnished on application at the OFFICES : 01sT bo w 58, Threadneedle-street. 4, New Bank Buildings. Lothbury. West -end Office B, Waterloo-plate, Pall-mall. NORWICH. UNION FIRE INSURANCE The busin e SOCIETY. The dut ss of the Company exceeds £70,000,000. y paid to Go rnment for the year 1862 was £85,062, and the amo ,v a e nt insured on farming stock, £10,086,332. A bonus of three-fifths of the profi's periodically made to parties insuring, who have thus, from time to time, received sums amounting in the now holds a large Resorveg appllmble reZate to future Bonus. a g to Z 440, a 000 and the Society The rates of premium are in no case higher than those their insurers. charged by the other Principal offices making no returns to For prozpectuses apply at the Society's Offices, Surrey street, Norwich ; and 6, Crescent New Bricl,,cre-street, Black friars, E.C. PROVIDENT CLERKS' MUTUAL LIFE ASSOCIATION. Established 1840. TRUSTEES. Thomas Baring, Esq., M.P. I WM. Geo. pr,„„, Th om son llankey, Esq., M.P. Baron L . d e '"tf, Esq. Mutual Life Assuranc e for all classes. -dothschild, M.P. This Association hag now in existenc e 0 _ total sum of £1,5 00,000 . Policies, fo r a The Annual Income is .. .. The Accumulated Fund exceeds Z5l 2 ,000 It has paid in Claims .. .. ; : 0 1 00 112,00 0 The whole of the profits are divided quinquenniall the Members Three divisions have already b e h Tong when the following sums have been added as bonuses toatda policies Dec. 31, 1847 .. ~ 3852 . • • • ~ 1857 . • • • '' 1862 . • • . • • .. making the total bonus addition ' s, £96,6 00 . m enli'lito the red uc . Bonuses a - be received in c ash or app tion of Attenti on i s a ddition to th e premiums at the option of t he assured, in lieu of an 1 of cy. Pe ly invited to the system of free orpaid uP policies i 4 r s odu cia e l d by this Association, by which the The balance h p g rie ifi y ee i s B° "ten submitted to on the relinquishment of a wholly avoided. vthethe -. eets of the Association Active and infia en ti xl fg will r assurers or otherwise. are open to all, unrepre sented districts. - ag6n— be appointed in . • £5,400 .. 11,500 • . 23.200 56,500 W3I. THOS. LDTFORD , S ecretar y . Chief °Moe, 15, hioorgate-fitreet, E. 0., Aug 1,1863. N°. 22,194. Nov ready, BL IN R E V I E W. New Series. No, 1. Price 65., post free. CDNTENTS. I. PopulAr Devotion in Spain. IL The Abvssinian Schism. L intrinsic End of Civil Government. IV. Ro4a Femme'. V. Catholic church in England. VI. The Tractariau Movement. VII. The French Elections. VIII. Notices of Books. IX. Foreign Periodical Literature. London : Burns and Lambert, 17 and 18, Portman-street, and 63, Paternoster-row, to whom all Works for Review and Advertisements should be sent. TOURISTS' FADE DIECUM.—PRICE ONE SHILLING. NO one should cross the Channel without this useful companion, which comprises in a form for the waistcoat pocket every necessary phrase for Railways, Hot Pis, Shops, Cabs, Money, &c, &0., and not a word super fluous. London : sold by Simpkin and Marsh:ll, Stationers' Court, and at all Booksellers and Railways. CRITIQUES on the NEWSPAPER PRESS in the LITERARY TIMES, every week. T " X F O R D, C, OXFORD STREET, W. THIS EVENING, will be performed Operatic Selections from Sir Henry R. Bishop's THE SLAVE and Haleyy's MUSKETEERS (first time in England). Principal Artistes—Miss Russell, Miss Ellison, Messrs. Green, Bernardi, Huish, &c., with full band and chorus. Conductor, Mr. F. Jonghmans. Flute Solos by Drew Dean &c. Comic, by UNSWORTII (" or any other man"), Eugene, W. Randall, E. Righton, and A. Lloyd. Also, a Pei formance by Herr SCHALKENBACH on his wonderful instrument, the PIANO ORCHESTRE, contain ing a full baud of 40 instruments. The HALL has just been newly Decorated and Ventilated, and is one of the most Beautiful in the Metropolis. Open at 8 o'clock. Admission, 6d. ; stalls and balcony, is. ; private boxes, 10s. 6d. N OTICE. —The GHOST! GHOST!! GHOST!!! AT CANTERBURY HALL. Two representations of Professor Pepper's startling Illusion will be given on Mondays. Wednesdays, and Saturdays, at Nine and a quarter. past Eleven o'clock; other Evenings at Eleven only; and produced with all the newest improve. ments by Mr. A. Silvester, which can be seen only at this establishment. Dramatic Readings by Mr. Graham, in addition to Grand Operatic Selections, Cantatas, Glees, Songs, Comic and Sentimental, and UNSWORTH, the Stump Orator. Open every Evening at half past Seven. Admission, Sixpence. ROYAL ALHAMBRA PALACE. The FAIRY FOUNTAIN.—The Risarelis (last week pre vious to their departure for the Continent)—The Brothers Conrad—Les Petit Monstres—The Francesco Family, from La Scala, Milan, tcc. Grand Operatic Selection :—Miss M`Gregor. Albert, Georgini, supported by Chorus and Band of Sixty Performers. Notice. —The Proprietor has much pleasure to announce that he has an eng , gement with Mdlle. Taccani, from Her Majesty's Theatre, who will appear every evening. ESTABLISHED 1833. BOWDEN'S lERATED GINGER BEER, in glass or stone bottles, warranted to keep good twelve months. Lemonade, Soda-water, Potass, Seltzer, and every description of Mineral Waters.—Manufactory, No. 3, White Hart-street, Drury-lane, W.C. T HE LAUNDRESSES to her IQte !Majesty Queen Adelaide say, that " BRIGGS' AUSTRALIAN S rAitca needs but to be tried to be approved." Sole Wholesale Agent, Harper Twelvetrees, Bromley-by Bow, London, E. CARD PLATES ENGRAVED. An- - / Pattern 5 .".) BEST CARDS, Printed from Plate REAL MOROCCO CARD CASES 1,000 BUSINESS ENVELOPES, gummed 3s. NEWSPAPER ENVELOPES, 4 doz..- 6d. F. ARNOLD, Manufacturing Stationer, 86, Fleet-street, E.C. TEA.—MOORE BROTHERS respectfully inti mate that their New Prospectus is now ready. They especially recommend their improved Family Tea, reduced to 35. 2d. ; Souchonr, reduced to 38. ed. ; mixed Assam, re duced to 3s. Bd. ; and the finest Assam, reduced from 48. 4d. to 3s. lid. per lb. MOORE BROTHERS, 35, London-bridge, City, E.C. KEATING'S PERSIAN INSECT DESTROY ING PO WDETt, for which a Prize Medal was awarded to the Producer at the International Exhibition, 186`2 ' This Powder is quite harmless to animal life, but is un rivalled in destroying Fleas, Bugs, Flies, Cockroaches, Beetles, Gnats, Mosquitos, Moths in furs, and every other species of Insect. Sportsmen will find this an invaluable remedy for destroy ing Fleas in their Dogs, as also Ladies for their Pet Dogs. Being the original importer of this now invaluable article, which has found so great a sale that it has tempted others to vend a so-called article, the public are therefore cautioned to observe that the packets of the Genuine Powder bear the autogragh of THOMAS KEATING _ _ Sold in packets, ls., 2s. 6d., and 4s. ed. each, or post free for 14 or 36 postage stamps, by Thomas Keating, chemist, 79, St. Paul's-churchyari, London, E.C. RUPTURES.-BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT. WHITE'S MOC-MAIN LEVER TRUSS (PERFECTED AND EXHIBITED IN THE GREAT FxHIBITIONS OF 1851 AND 1862), is allowed by upwards of Two Hundred Medical Gentlemen to be the most effective nvention in the curative treatment of I-1 ERN I A. The use of a steel spring, so often hurtful in its effects, is here avoided—a soft bandage being worn round the body, while the requisite resisting power is supplied by the Moc-Main Pad and Patent Lever, fitting with so much ease ind closeness that it cannot be detected, and may be worn luring sleep. A descriptive circular may he had, and the truss, which cannot fail to fit, forwarded by post, on the cir cumference of the body, two inches below the hips, being sent to the manufacturer, Mr. WHITE, 228, Piccadilly. A Single Truss, 165., 215., 265. 6d., and 31s. Bd. Postage, is. A. Double Truss, 31s. 6d., 425., and 525. 6d. Postage, 1s Bd. An Umbilical Truss, 425. and 525. Bd. Postage, Is. 10d. Post-office Orders to be made payable to John White, Post office, Piccadilly. NEW PATENT ELASTIC STOCKINGS, KNEE-CAPS, &c., for Varicose Veins and all cases of Weakness and Swelling of the Legs, Sprains, &o. They are porous, light in texture, and inexpensive, and are drawn on Lire an ordinary stocking. price 4s. 6d., 7s. ea, log., to 165. each. Postage 6d. JOHN WHITE, Manufacturer, 226, Piccadilly. PASSENGERS AND TRAVELLERS PROTECTION AND COMPENSATION OFFICES, 16, Craven-street, Strand, London, W.C. Passengers by Rail, Road, or Water, and others suffering from loss or injury to themselves or property, should apply for redress and compensation at the above Offices ; established to render prompt assistance to all classes upon the most ad vantageous terms. Advice on application gratis. Letters must be addressed to "The Manager," enclosing a stamp for reply. ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road in the immediate vicinity of the Great Northern Rail. way Terminus, at King's-cross. Patron—The QUEEN. President—The Duke of BUCCLEUCH, R.G. Treasurer—Edward Masterman, Esq. -- This was the first hospital to introduce the principle of free and instant admission to the destitute sick, without the for mality of governors' letters. It is entirely devoted to desti tution in its most pitiable form—viz., that which is accom panied by sickness and disease, and is now of sufficient magnitude that, with adequate support, it may be rendered capable of admitting into its wards a very large proportion of the casual sick of this great metropolis. It requires but the funds in order to have 500 beds available for the reception of these the most wretched of our fellow-creatures. Moreover, it gratuitously affords medical advice and medicine to more, on the average, than 3,000 out-patients a week. The Weekly Board feel it their imperative duty to make an EARNEST APPEAL to the public for continued support, to enable them to admit and relieve the distressing cases that daily present themselves. Contributions are received by the Treasurer, Edward Masterman, Esq., Nicholas-lane; also by Messrs. Coutts and Co. ; Drummond and Co. ; Herries and Co. ; R ansom and Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co.; Smith, Payne, and Co. ; G'yn and Co. ; Jones Loyd and Co. ; Barclay and Co. ; Denisonl- and Co. ; W 'Mains, Deacon, and Co. ; Overend, Gurney, and Co. ; Nisbet and Co. ; Messrs. J. Barred and Co., Liverpool and at the Hospital STANFORD S. SMITH, Secretary. R OYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION (Incorporated by Royal Charter). PATRONESS—Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen. PRESIDENT —Vice-Admiral the Duke of Northumberland, K.G., F.R.S. CRAIRMAN—Thos. Baring, Esq., M.P., V.P. D EPUTY-CnAremAN—Thomas Chapman, Esq., F.R.S., V.P. APPEAL. The Committee of Management have to state that, sine" the beginning of the year 1860, the Royal National Lif e ' .... Institution has expended £32,000 on various Lifebo , ' lishments on the Coa s t s o f E n gland, Scotland, s" c Estab- The number of lives saved by the L 4 ' Ireland. Society and other means, .dmation, is 12,800 ; since its f , —le-boats of the ;or which services 82 Gold Medals " , £16,480 in cash h ave b een pa id /18 Silver Medals, and tion has also expended £6 7 r en rewards. The Institu - Transportin2--cartiages, an? .40 on Life-boats, Life-boat .4 The Committee desire ty the generoussupport exp ßoat-houses. ress thgrateful sense of British public su which they haverreceived from the has ens' il ltring the past f ew years, a support w hi c h _.1 , 01 them to establish their present magnificent fleet Lifeboats on the shores of the United Kingdom. eply sensib!e, however, of the great responsibility that rests on them to maintain their fleet in a thoroughly efficient state, and its Crews practised in the management of their boats, whi-h can only be effected by a large and permanent annual income, they earnestly appeal to all classes of their countrymen to aid them in upholding and perpetuating so great and truly national a work. The Committee gratefully acknowledge the following con tributions : filer 8. der Majesty the Queen .. • • . • annual 50 C 0 Campbell, the Hon. Mrs. G. .. . • • • annual 50 0 Clerk. Colonel, R.A. .• .. • • • • annual 11 0 Coutts and Co,. Messrs., Bankers • • annual 10 0 0 I :; s o h r a ti v n e g ' Currie, Wm. Esq., .. .. .. .. 4th don.lo 0 0 • • don. 10 10 0 Erie, Lord Chief Justice .• .... ....don. 30 0 Penick, G. J., Esq., cost of a Lifeboat and Tran- C V a i r ce ri - a A ge dmira .. l Sir A., K.C.B. .. 2d don. 25 0 0 .. - • .. 7th don. 10 0 0 _ 250 0 0 .. .. .. don. 15 15 0 " a rttn, Sir Henry, Bart. I. 9 ar v oo e e, Y, R ß ev e . v G . G . . 33 G .y . , and Mrs. Smith, Mrs. George, Greenwich .. .. . Them.s, Lady, Weston-supe - .. .: a a Willoughby d'Ere . sby, Eord ...• Stirling, CoL Sir Anthony, 2 0 0 r Mare, collectedby her Ladyship 16 18 0 .• .. annual 50 0 Donations and Annual Subscriptions will be thankfhlly re- Percival, by the Bankes of the Institution, Messrs. Willis, Percival, and Co., Co., 59, Strand Messrs. Coats and and Co., 16. St. ; ne 7 B 6 B , r rs Lo ße mba i r e d t zs F tr a ee ra t u ; har, James's-street London ; by rr a l the Collectors of Custom s and Bankers in Richard Lewis, the t r nitedEingdom; and by the Secretary John-street, Adeln to hi: Loadon —Bcf at the Office of the Institution, 14, , W.C. THE SUN, LONDON, SA TURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 15, 1803. Mr. Armitage's Frescoes at Islington. The revival of fresco-painting in Europe and its introduc tion i England were fairly looked upon as the most hope flit symptoms of recovery from a long and death-like sleep, during the continuance of which the lesser qualities of art had usurped the place of the greater in public estimation, and finish, softness, and delicacy had been accepted as bet • ter and more comprehensible things than composition, drawing, and expression. Fresco-painting is the test of a great painter as it is the confusion of a weak one. When Michael Angelo declared it to be the only manly style of painting, or, as Vasari says, " truly the most virile, most sure, most resolute and durablo of all modes," he stated a conviction rather than uttered a sneer. He knew that the practice of fresco can derive no help from the inferior beauties that lend a charm to oil-painting; and that the painter who should seek to express his thoughts in this, the most difficult language of his art, must rely on a perfect knowledge of it, directed by courage, skill, and consum mate judgment, and thus must be endowed with a mind nobly to conceive a subject, and a hand able unerringly to execute it. The practice of fresco-painting in England dates from the destruction of the Houses of Parliament and the erection of the New Palace at Westminster. A royal commission was appointed to consider and advise upon the decoration of the new building; and English artists were invited to prepare cartoons, in the first place,and afterwards to submit for a prize competition specimens and trials in fresco, An impetus was thus given to the introduction of a mode of painting already flourishing in Germany under the encouragement of the late King of Bavaria. English painters threw their energies thoroughly into the work, and the various exhibitions in which the competitive cartoons and frescoes were displayed were eagerly thronged, and the designs thoioughly appreciated by the public—rich and poor. Probably no exhibitions in England have ever created so much interest, or been visited with so much favour. Unfortunately, however, there were but a few spaces in one public building to which the new mode of painting could be applied. The Government had neither means, nor probably any strong in cli. nation, to cause other buildings to be decorated ; and, as the large spaces available for fresco-painting can be found, with rare exceptions, only in public edifices or in churches, the stimulus which had awakened so mueh ability and so many new hopes was withdrawn, and the only apparent results of the Westminster Hall competi tions have been, generally speaking, incomplete and expe rimental efforts on the part of these artists who were selected to cover the spaces considered to be most eligible for decoration. The chief prizes of the first competition were of equal value, and were awarded to Mr. Armitage, Mr. Watts, and Mr. Cope. Each of these painters has executed frescoes in the New Palace at Westminster, and in the performance quali fiofedthheimwseolrfkforenthtreupstreadctitcoe h of im th h is as di p ffi ro c b u a l b t l t y ra w nee l h l of art. Unfortunately, however, in the ripeness of their powers the demand for their exercise has ceased. Mr. Watts has since painted, for love, the noble fresco in the hall at Lin coln's Inn; and Mr. Armitage undertook, for a nominal price, to paint, and has now completed, the frescoes in the Catholic Church of St. John, in Duncan-terrace, Islington. Mr. Armitage's work in St. John's Church consists of a mural painting in the apsis, repre senting our Lord and the Apostles, and of a large fresco in one of the side chapels, representing Francis of Assisi sub mitting the rules of his new order to Pope Innocent the Third. The young man stands in front of the kneeling re presentatives of his confraternity, before the Pope and his Cardinals. Unabashed by the splendour of the court, yet with no lack of modesty, he waits, with his hands crossed on his breast, while the Pope reads the rules by which the order just founded is to be governed. The eyes of all are fixed upon his calm, earnest presence. The painter has put aside all the picturesque elements which might encumber or endanger the unity and simplicity of this idea ; but, having rightly done so, his difficulties, on the other hand, are very great. As he can get but little aid from strong contrasts of light and shade and colour, it becomes of the highest importance that his drawing and composition should be thoroughly good. Mr. Armitage has been well trained ; he is a good draughtsman ; and perhaps there is no English painter who is better ac. quainted with the rules of composition. His strength is best seen in such work as these frescoes represent. The " St. Francis" has been completed about three years, and is at this moment in perfectly good condition ; but we understand that the painter has made some change in his practice, and that he considers his lately completed work in the apsis to be more purely and simply alfresco painting. The custom of painting colossal figures of Christ with his Apostles on the wall behind the high altar is of the earliest date, When the Basilicas were converted into Christian temples, the effigies of the Caesars, which had become almost the only objects of adoration in the Pagan world, were removed, and in place of them mosaic representations of the Saviour and his Apostles were dis played in the semi-cupola above the high altar. As might be expected, we find a pagan stamp upon these early works--the head of the Saviour bearing some resemblance to the Jupiter, and the costume being generally that of the period, consisting of the tunic and the pallium, with sandals. The early impression has never been completely effaced—and we may trace in the cartoons of Raphael, and " The Last Judgment" of Michael Angelo, ten centuries later, the influence of the earliest representations of the sacred characters of the Christian religion upon all subse quent Christian art. Mr. Armitage has adopted, in its greatest simplicity, this earliest type. The figure of our Lord—colossal in size—is represented seated in the centre of the apsis, and directly behind the high altar. On either side are ranged the Apostles in pairs —St. Peter and St. Andrew being foremost on one side, St. John and St. James on the other. The great merit of the fresco is its simplicity. The painter has justly estimated the advantages and the limits of his materials. He has given his attention chiefly to the drawing and expression of the heads. The colour is merely suggestive—rich ness of effect being attained by means of the gold ground upon which the figures are relieved. The first impression conveys a sense of coldness, which gives place, however, to the admiration and approval which all good work inspires in true lovers of art. With the exception of the principal figure, in which, we think, Mr. Armitage has preserved too much of the character of the ideal Jupiter, the heads are ' true in character to the idea we form of the several Apostles, and rightly varied in expression. The drawing in general is masterly, and the draperies are well composed. An inexperienced observer has but little idea of the diffi culties involved in the successful accomplishment of such works as these frescoes, and would probably be surprised to learn that a very clever painter of cabinet-pictures would stand before a large space of wall as helpless as a child to cover it with design. Besides the necessary training,which must be of the highest order for him who aspires to be a fresco-painter, there are difficulties inherent in the process itself, and the unsuccessful battling with which has re sulted in the deterioration or ruin of so much good work in Westminster Palace. In reference to the above, we have been permitted to make the following extract from a letter written by the artist to a friend, relative to the frescoes in St. John's Church. " For the fresco of St. Francis of Assisi, I followed, as closely as I could, the precepts of Cennino Cennini. This old author and artist (himself a pupil of Giotto) recommends the pi eparatory modelling of the flesh with a greenish tint —terra verte, umber, &c.—and the subsequent addition of the carnation hues applied in a very fluid state. He never• theless says that a small quantity of eomP°' ..nd, whic h . litr e s hould be mixed with these carnation co l ours . With 'fi e exception of the use of ter ra ver t e , I f o ll owed his `instruction to the letter. For th e t erra verte I substitr' and oxide of c h rom i um, —red a mixture of raw umbe r our colo urmen ' s terra ....xperience having taught me 4 ' ~nat has had more to r 1 . verte is a greasy .., any other car- 0 With the ruin of Engil, , a frescoes than and less ,^ -.de, As my work proceeded, I got to use less the 1- .4 ale lime as a pigment ; tea, when I undertook 1:1138 e 0 of the apsiS, 1 resolved dispense with it ..itog2er. Accordingly, in the flesh tints of the " Christ and Apostles" there is net a particle of lime or any body colour. The wall is rather stained than painted. I think masetthhoecicooffloeursrsadgorenaott a c t an an g t e ag f e rom ove t r he th w e e o t ld, the work has every element of durability ; and my new state." We believe that th ese works were undertaken by Mr. to i n :1:. the I a d e r h y Armitage as experimental works, and not with a view to a lucrative employment of his time. The actual time spent upon the frescoes themselves. independent of the cattoons, tracings, &C., was four mentlis for the "St. Francis" and seven months for the apsis.—The Reader. ADVERTISEMENT.]—Avoid medicines; they,s always aggr,ra arwrhyion Delicious Health Du Barry' s lungs, healthy liver, savescuresthem, restoring Tate chronic complaints, n b erv ut es D , regularity, and Restoring Revalenta Arabica Food f f e u n e b e t l e i d o . n a ew out its cost in other remedies, invariably fifty times i energy Perfect digestion. strong all w re e ptourthe ob most od , r d e i f s r o e r s d h e i n r e g d s 0 1 e r e o p n , of 60,000 Cures :—Cure No. 58,216 of the Marchioness s de Brdhan, Paris, of a liver complaint, wasting away f or years, debility, with a nervous palpitation all over, seven digestion, constant sleeplessness, the most intolerable nervous agitation, and dreadfully low spirited.—Cure No. 1,771. Lord Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieut. of Waterford, of many years' dyspepsia.—Ne. 49,832. "Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Jolly.' —Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derange ment, and partial deafness.—Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies.—Cure No. 54,816. The Rev. Jas. T. Campbell, Fakenham, Norfolk, " of indigestion and torpi dity or the liver, which had resisted all medical treatment." In tins, 1 lb., 2s. 9d. ; 21b., 4s. 6d. ; Mb., 11s. ; 121 b., 225. ; ?41b' 40s.— Barry Dii Barry and Co., No. 77, Regent-street, London ; also Fortnum and Mason ; and all Grocers and Chemists in , every town of the United Kingdom.. AUSTRALIA. PLYMOUTH, Friday Evening. The Vernon, 891 tons, Capt. Edward Jones, be longing to Mr. F. Green, from Sydney, May 1, has passed up Channel for London, having landed here Mr. Patton, 14th Regiment, and wife, Mr., Mrs., and Master Simmonds. She brings 630 z. of gold, a quAntity of shipbuilding timber, and a cargo con sisting of 1,179 bales of wool, 2,663 hides, 59 bales of leather, 321 bags of gum, 90 bags of iron bark, 43 cases of sperm oil, and 7,125 trenails. Her pas sengers include 50 in the cabin, and 25 in the steerage. Among the former are Meadames Bray brook, Maxwell, Austin, Howel, and Padden; Lieut. and Mrs. Good, Mr. and Mrs. Ladbrook, Mr. and Mrs. Peacock, and Mr and Mrs. Knabeuschal, Mr. Bath and daughter, the Rev. G. F. 1). Priddle, Mrs. R. Hankey, F. Lacey, M. A. Johnston, T. Wallace, W. F. Emmens, W. Marshall, R. Snell, J. Connan, J. Padden, B. Londres, F. Hermann, A. Matthews, and J. Stewart, and Masters Austen and Hudson. On May 10, in lat. 53 37 S., long. 155 25 W., the Vernon fell in with three large icebergs, and con stantly passed drift ice and bergs to long. 111 37 W. Large blocks of drift ice could be scarcely ob served at night until within a ship's length. Is traversing 2,000 miles of ocean, 700 icebergs were seen. Many were some miles long and 300 ft. high. Those first met were the largest. Cape Horn was rounded on June 6. On Sunday, June 28, lat. 25 S., long, 30 W,, she got the south-east trades at 3 a.m. The report of a gun was heard, and when Captain Jones came on deck he observed a vessel on the starboard quarter, Thinking she was in dis tress, he tacked, The stranger rapidly rounded the Vernon, which then hove on to the port tack, The stranger often approached within a mile, and at length hove to, hoisted a light at her peak, and lowered a boat which came alongside. A man re presenting himself as an officer of a United States' cruiser jumped on board and demanded the Vernon's papers, which were refused, as the man was not in uniform ; nor had he the appearauce of a naval officer. He wore a short sword, bowie-knife, car ried a revolver, and had on a pair of cavalry boots. On refusal he said his ship would fire into the Ver non. He was then told that if he did not wish his boat towed under water he had better shove off. On leaving he repeated his threat of firing ; when informed that the Vernon hove to only because the gun was thought to be a token of distress, he said if she had not they would have fired into her. The boat's crew stated that the American ship was the Cato, from Valparaiso, four months in commission. 3 a t Angra,Captain Jones considers that she was a anchoredprivateer. The Vernon in iacrossedTerceira, e ir thea, Aug.line 2 The steamer Flora was at the island coaling. A Federal cruiser was hourly expected there. The Vernon spoke, June 19, lat. 42 37 S, long. 38 44 W., the bark Enid, 43 days from Caldera for Liverpool; 28th, lat. 24 51 S., long, 29 30 W., the French ship Ganges, from Gravelines ; July 8. lat. 17 37 N., long. 27 14 W., the ship Rajah of Sara wak, 94 days from Hongkong for Liverpool; 11th, lat. 9 59 N., long. 26 15 W., the French bark Les Bons Fils ; 12th, lat. 11 13 N., long. 26 49 W., a bark showing third distinguishing pendant, 6,891, 70 days from Peru for Hamburg; 23d, lat. 29 33 N., long 40 42 W., the bark Shallet, 86 days from Cochin for London ; 28tb, lat. 34 41 N., long. 36 56 W., the bark Landwistern ; 29th, lat. 37 4 N., long. 33 40 W., the Dutch ship Philip von Marnix, 132 days from Akyab for Amsterdam ; Aug. 11, lat. 47 58 N., long. 36 42 W., the ship Fearnought, and off the Lizard the bark Caroline Elizabeth for Port Phillip. The bark Cheviot, Captain J. Henderson, belong ing to Messrs. Smith, of Newcastle, has passed up Channel for London. Her cargo consists of 300 jagg er y, 30 tons red wood, 9 bales blue cloth, 90 trunks handkerchiefs, 53 pieces horns, 2 cases condiments, 6 cases shells, 1 case books, 160 bales tanned skins, 1,327 bales cotton, and 421 chests indigo. She left Madras, April 19 ; rounded the Cape of Good Hope, June 12 ; crossed the line July 6 ; and spoke, April 27, lat. 8 N., long. 85 8., the ship Empress, 9 days from 'Madras, and the bark Chandernagore, 13 days from Madras, both for London ; May 12, lat. 82 S., long. 88 E., the ship Royal Stuart, with troops from Madras for London ; July 15, lat 141 N., long. 291 W., the bark Thus. nelda, 162 days from Rangoon for Bremen ; 18th, lat. 17 N., l ong . 33 W., t h e A me rican ship Inez, 120 days from Rangoon for Falmouth ; 19th, lat. 18 NT long. 35 W., the French ship Cunandig, 59 days from Bourbon for Nantes ; 25th, lat. 32 N., long 36 \V., the bark Vorsetyn, 80 days from Peru for Hamburg; 30th, lat. 34 N., long. 31 W., the British bark Lavinia, 56 days from Algoa Bay for Falmouth ; and August 12, lat. 48 N., long. 8 W., the British ship Star of Denmark, standing west ward. Naval and Military Intelligence. As stated in TherS NAVY. I2 of Thursday ' jeet which received the first ob the attention of the Duke 01 Somerset on his arrival at Devonport was the con templated site for the new naval barracks. His lordship was accom • purled to the park by Capt. the Hon. J. R. Drumm on d , 0* 13r Stansfeld, Mr. Romaine, C. 8., and C " M * Capt, Robert Hall, R.N. He was met by Earl de Grey and Ripon, Under-Secre tary of War, and Mr. IV° 1 mbe town-clerk of Devonport. In addition to thesit es • examined a waste piece of the glacis westward of the road to Keyhari, and which in some measure f aces Hamoaze. Accompa nied by Col. G. C. Langley, D eputy • Ad j utant-Gen., Royal Marines, they next inspected Plymouth division the division of Royal Marines. They were received by Col.-Commandant Gascoi g ne, C. 8., who is in com mand. The division was f ormed round the Barrack square, and subsequently mar time, in open and quarter distance marched past in quick column, &c. Their lordships then inspected the recruits, men's barrack-rooms, arm the now the (capable of accommodating 70 : north wing men), which is nearly complete. The number ranks p re ",ent at the Plymouth efmarines of all headquarters is 1 9 ::/, including 1'79 at Millbay, under command of Capt. N. W. De Courcy. The average percentage oa the sick list is seven. From the barracks his grace and his colleagues proceeded to the Royal Naval Hospital, where they were received by Capt. Superintendent Curry, Inspector-General Dr. J. D. St e wart, Mr. Grant, and the other officers. After inspecting the various wards they visited the Royal William Victualling-yard, and on passing through the different departments, entered a barge at the landing, and proceeded to the grounds of Mount Edgcumbe. In the evening, on board the Enchan tress, they entertained Port-Admiral Sir Houston Stewart and other official personages. While the First Lord was at Stonehouse, in specting the Royal Marines, the Controll er of the Navy, Admiral Robinson, accompanied by Captain Edmonstone, of the Steam Reserve, Capt. Stewart, R.N., and Mr. Edwards, assistant master ship wright at Keyham, made a thorough inspection of the screw steamship Gibraltar, 893,722 tons, which is in the first division of the steam reserve in Hamoaze. Th e y were escorted round her by Staff-Commander Renaud, the chief engineer, and other officers, and expressed themselves well pleased with her cleanlinesS and in efficiency. Some addi tions are to be made to her ventilation. The Con , troller next inspected the Princ ess Ro y al, 73 g uns, 3,129 t ons , and the first division of his gunboats. Admiral Robinson, accompanied by Mr. Saun ders, Commander Biddlecombe, Master-Attendant, and Mr. Batt„ of the Indus, visited also the iron c. iron cased ship prince Consort, 35, 4,045 to ns. She is In the south basin of Keyham steamyard, nearly ready for bendin g sails, and will soon be prepared for rece:,,, - Her engines, of 1,00 0 - mg a commission. horse power, by Messrs. Mendslay, Sons, and Field, may be ready in the course of a month to be passed into the hands of the Government. They were tried successfully on Monday last. The bottom of this ship is covered with some prepared metal con taining copper. in several places where it ap proaches the iron-plates galvanic action has com menced. From the Prince Consort Admiral Robin son proceeded to No. 2 dock, where the screw steam ship Ocean, 35, is receiving her casing of iron. Although launched at Devonport on the 19th of March last, and removed forthwith to Keyham, there is on her port side a section of only one layer of plates, which extends from' the bow to a feet abaft the foremast, and on her starboard side a similar layer with some plates on her waist, About 20 are ready in the store. Some delay has occurred in the supply on the part of the manufacturer. About a fortnight since the hydraulic machine at Keyham, while at work, broke, in consEquence of the defective state of a cylinder. The iron screw frigate Tamar, 2,812 tons, 500- horse power, in No. 3 dock at Chatham, having been surveyed by the master shipwright's staff, and a favourable report made to the Admiralty, has been taken over from the private firm by which she was constructed. Orders having been received for her to be fitted for the first-class steam reserve, in readiness for the service for which she is intended —that of a troopship, similar to the sister iron steamer Orontes, yesterday the dockyard hands gave the last coating of the anti-corrosive composition to both sides of her hull, which had previously been payed over with a mixture of coal tar and naphtha, two coats of which were applied to the iron in its erude state. Over this again was laid two coats of the anti-corrosive composition invented by Mr. Hayes, the Admiralty chymist, which bears the character of being the best of the several anti-foul ing compositions yet brought into use. It may, however, be at once stated that all of the many anti-fouling mixtures which have hitherto been in troduced to the notice of the Board of Admiralty are more or less failures, none of them possessing in an invention of the kind—namely, the property of pre venting the growth of marine incrustations and other accumulations on iron ships' bottoms, and of preserving the iron itself from the destructive chy mical action of the water and marine animalculx. The old line-of-battle sailing ship Duncan was yesterday towed into Chatham harbour from Stan gate-creek and moored alongside the dockyard, in readiness to be placed in the first vacant dock, for the purpose of being taken to pieces in consequence of her unfitness for further service. A notice was yesterday posted at the dockyard gates for the entry of hired shipwrights, to be employed in breaking her up. Her Majesty's iron steam storeship Industry yesterday went up to the Victoria-yard, Dept ford, from Woolwich, to load with victualling stores for the Isle of Ascension. After receiving her cargo she will be fitted with a new foremast, now under construction at Woolwich, to replace the one eaten throughout with dry rot, and which fell over the deck in three pieces a few days ago on the vessel leaving the dock at Woolwich. THE POLISH INSURRECTION. (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) LEMBERG, Aug. 7. Count Mensdorff returned here from Vienna a few days ago, and must now be astonished to find that a portion of his functions have been assumed by an anonymous gentleman calling himself " Chief of the Town." There is a great deal that is sublime and much also that is ridiculous in the Polish insurrection, and it is ridiculous and some thing worse for any Pole or Poles to claim publicly the direction of affairs in a province belonging to Austria, with which Power it is conventionally supposed that all Poland is on good terms. The first address issued by the " Chief cf the Town" is printed in the form of a handbiil, and is marked " No. 1," from which it may be inferred that a series is meditated. Few nations have shown such an aptitude for political blunders as the Poles; but I think it is generally felt by the most influential people in Lemberg that a mistake of no ordinary magnitude has now been committed, and that the " Chief of the Town" had better hide his head as soon as possible. This is a case for the interven tion of the Poles themselves. They should inter vene between the Lemberg " Chief of the Town" and his folly, or between the Lemberg Committee and their folly. I have heard it suggested that it would be a good idea to attribute the composi tion and circulation of the address in question to Russian agency, and certainly the Russians could not injure the general prospects of the Poles more effectively than by setting the Austrian Govern ment against them. The address is as follows : Fellow-citizens,—The present moment, so important for the national cause, is one in which all our ardour must be maintained. "The enemies of the movement would, to the injury of the nation, check that readiness to make sacrifices which is our only strength. It is our duty, then, to take care that the national enthusiasm be allowed to work, and through the proper channels. To this end, having been appointed by the Committee for Eastern Galicia, I now assume my functions and take upon myself the heavy responsibility of watching your conduct and directing the manifestations of your patriotism. . " From this position I invite your respect. Citizens, re main peaceable and pay no heed to provocations from what ever quarter they may come. Do not take part in any move ment in the streets, for this would be to act in the interest of our enemies. Preserve a dignified tranquillity, and re member the loftiness of the cause which we all serve. "I know your readiness to make sacrifices of money. "To increase and strengthen this readiness to the extent of our present necessities is one of my main duties. "I must warn you against all abuse of confidence. De posit money and other offerings in the hands of those per sons only who are authorised by me. " On my demand only, and only in the way indicated by me, you must give active support, with men and with money, to the war now waging in the provinces held cap- tive by Russia. " Patience and subordination must be your motto. Im plicit obedience is now your first duty. Indifference is a sin, and opposition a crime. "CHIEF OF THE TOWN OF LEMBERG. (Naczelnik Miasta Lwowa.)" It is an error to suppose that there is a " revolu tionary" committee in Lemberg, as some German newspapers have hinted, and as a Bohemian journal of Panslavonian tendencies, and therefore bitterly hostile to any movement that may have the effect of weakening Russia, has openly asserted. The Com mittee for Eastern Galicia, sitting at Lemberg, like the Committee for Western Galicia, sitting at Cracow, is in correspondence and in union with the Central Committee of the National Go vernment sitting at Warsaw. It was formed for the purpose of directing the efforts of the Galicians on behalf of their countrymen in Russian Poland, and in aiding the movement against Russia in every possible manner. It has committed an act of great imprudence in sanctioning the circulation of an address in which one of its officials claims openly to exercise authority over the Polish subjects of f Austria, but it can be seen from the address itself' that the committee desires most earnestly that the authority of the Austrian Government shall be at the same time respected. One word as to the "enemies of the movement," who are described as wishing to " c heck that readi ness to make sacrifices which is ou r only strength." A great deal has been said about the existence of two parties in Poland, and it m i g ht be imagined that the pe rsons aga inst whom the "Chief of the Town" of Lemberg cautions his fellow-citizens are his political opponents. It is easier, however, to say that there are two parties in Poland than t o say what separates them or what different view s they entertain. A great abuse is ma de of the words "aristocr a tic" and "democratic" here, as in other countries. I asked a distinguished Polish "democrat" the other day (who, by the way, would be very much annoyed if any one were to of his family) question the antiquity whether he -..4d. STAMPED ....sd. desired the future Poland to be governed by an in telligent minority or by an ignorant viajority, to which he at once replied, "by an intelligent mi nority," and seemed astonished that I could think him capable of giving any other reply. I have not yet been able to find a Polish " democrat" unwise enough to maintain that the Polish peasants ought to have votes, or a Polish "aristocrat" unjust enough to deny that all classes ought to be equal before the law. What really did divide the two parties until the insurrection broke out was the pea sant question; the proprietors of the so-called "aris tocratic" party wishing to cede to each peasant a portion of the land which he had been in the habit of cultivating for his own profit, while the non proprietors of the so-called " democratic" party were generous enough to maintain that the whole of such land should be given up. The democrats, however, were not " socialists," as it has been the fashion to call them. They never proposed to rob the proprietor, nor did they want anything for themselves. Ali they desired was that the peasant-land should be made over as absolute property to the peasants and that the proprietors should be indemnified by the nation. Their scheme may have had a communistic look, but the proprie tors can scarcely say so now, for they have them selves adopted it. "If," the so-called " democratic" party used to say, " the peasants are not disposed to join the national movement, that is because the proprietors did not long ago give them up the ground for which, until the present insurrection broke out, they had either to perform task work or to pay rent. If the proprietors had been more patriotic, and had only sacrificed a portion of the land which belonged to them for the sake of the land to which they belong, the peasant would have had something to fight for, and would have taken up arms with the rest of the country." " Why,' observed a highly democratic insurgent to me cue day, " I saw a peasant near Olkusz go under fire to save his calf. What would he not do if he pos sessed a field really his own, and the Russians were going to ravage it ?" It is difficult to say what he would or what he would not do, but, in the mean while, it is certain that the land question can give rise to no mare dissensions among the Poles, for the peasants have had their farms formally and finally ceded to them by the National Government, and the April and July quarters have passed without rent having been received or claimed in any part of Poland. The peasants, always anxious to be on the safe side, have in some places in the Kingdom taken their rent to their late landlords and begged them to accept it ; and I am told that they were at first very much mystified, and afterwards very grateful, but still rather perplexed, when they were told that they had nothing to pay, and that their land had been given to them by order of the Polish National Government. Nevertheless, there are two parties in every coun try in which discussion has long been a habit, and the mode of conduct pursued in connection with the insurrection, while approved by the educated part of the nation in general, is at the same time stigma tised by one section as" reactionary.' Here, again, there is an abuse of terms. No one in Poland (excepting always the peasants, who form a class apart, and want simply to be let alone) is opposed to " action" on behalf of Polish independence; but the majority have throughout been in favour of moderate, sustained action, and the general plan has been to keep up a good continuous blaze in as many parts of Poland as possible, while taking care not to burn up everything at once. According to this party the object of the Polish insurrection is to keep Russia at bay, and to give the Western Powers the opportunity of intervening on behalf of Poland under favourable circumstances. The party of extreme action, on the other hand, maintain that half measures have been and may be again the ruin of Poland. They have no faith in diplomacy, and say that, instead of counting upon foreign aid, the Poles should rise in all parts of Poland, and stake everything on one great trial, The men of the moderate, otherwise the "aristo cratic," " diplomatic," and " reactionary" party believe that if this great experiment were made it would be unsuccessful, and then everything would be lost, whereas, under the system hitherto pursued, the insurrection may at least be kept up long enough to allow the Western Powers to come to the aid of Poland if they really wish to do so. Of course, reproaches are interchanged. The leaders of the moderate party are accused of think ing too much of their estates and of fearing too much the penalty of confiscation, while the leaders of the extreme party, who have for the most part no estates to think about, and who laugh at the pen alty of confiscation, as the penniless traveller laughs at robbers, are accused of being " the enemies of property," o f wishing to raise themselves o n t he ruins of the aristocratic class in Poland, and so on. It seems to me that these recriminations are not deserved on either side. The great propritors, so f a r from being selfish, have contributed immense sums towards the expenses of the insurrection, and without their personal aid not a single detachment of those that are formed in Galicia would be able to reac h the frontier. On the other hand the lower and middle cl:ksses (counting in the latter small proprie tors, students, and the managers, stewards, &c., of estates) have done nearl fuel the fighting, and allow. them a c ifth m ey m times ant es ought to be made e n sometimes om - hastily condemn those who froti: dente, and not from any want of c)atriotism, have hitherto abstained from joining them the field. Doubtless on both sides there are some bad men. There are aristocrats so selfish as to think of notLling but their own private interests, and democrats so envious as to wish to destroy the most ancient and honourable families of Poland, from mere hatred of social superiority. But the only democrats in Po land, in the proper political sense of the word, are the Russian and Austrian Governments, who para lyse the influence of the educated classes by raising up the peasantry against them. There is no poli tical democratic party, and consequently no politi cal aristocratic party to oppose. Every so-called Polish democrat knows—what the real democrats of France and England seem to be ignorant of— that by far the greatest class in Poland is utterly opposed to the notion of Po lish independence. The two parties, then, ex i s ting in Poland consist, hitherto have wished on the one hand, of those who hit s t e ady firein the count only to keep up a slow , s ry, with the view of attract i ng foreigners and for e i gn t he o ther, of those who h i n t erven tion, and, on have f a g eneral blaze, to b desired, by meansburn out once without of foreigners at Russians a t on thinking at all. But at the present moment the policy of art or at least of th e moderat e p a portion of it chang i ng , an d I h ear seems to be many persons — shocked at the terrible losses Which the Poles have already experienced, and it is to be hoped not in va i n —say that the insurrection has done its work, and that no fresh expeditions need be sent either to Volhynia or to the Kingdom. he 'l'object," they allege, "of the Polish insurrection was to bring about a diplomatic intervention, which may or may not lead to an intervention by arms. The diploma tic knot having now been tied, it remains to be seen whether or no. • ' it will have to be cut with the sword, and the solution or scission does not," they main tain, "depend upon the possibility of Russia and the Western Po Ns ers coming to an understanding.'on the subject of P d " Poland." . It is • against the men who argue in this manner that the "Chief of the Town of Lemberg" warns his " fellow-citizens," and not, as might be supposed, against any political party. There is no split in the Polish camp, but a minority of the Poles seem to be of opinion that the nation ought now to reserve its strength as much as possible ; while the National Government, supported by the majority, is evi dently convinced that it is most essential at the e p re sent critical moment, not only not to check movement, but even to give fresh impetus to it. In the meanwhile, numerous f resh detachments being formed, and the Russia n Government w i ll .:,.~,., . in that town by which seven persons are known to have lost their lives. Various expla nations are given, but all that seems to be really known is that gunpowder had been concealed in the house where the accident occurred, and that the un fortunate men and women who perished were often engaged in making cartridges. The number of houses in Cracow in which ammunition is supposed to lie hid is very great, and an order from the police has appeared, cautioning proprietors, in the interest of the inhabitants generally, against allowing e.q)lo sive substances to be collected by their lodgers. lthough by the latest accounts only seven bodies have been discovered in the ruins of the house, it is believed that others may yet be found, as 2evcral of the late inmates are missing. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. READING RACES, AUG. 14. The Forbury Stakes (handicap) of 3 sovs each, with 25 added ; for 3-yr-olds and upwards; winners extra; the winner to be sold for 40 sovs, and any surplus to go to the fund. About seven furlongs straight. Mr. W. Pearse's Nereus, aged, Bst (11. Grimahaw) 1 Mr. David's Dominie Sampson, 5 yrs, Bst 101 b Mr. M. Henry's Abernethy, 3 yrs, 7st 31b (E. Forster) 2 (J. Grimshaw) 3 Mr. Harroway's Telegram, aged, 7st Glb (Clement) 4 Betting-6 to 4 agst Dominic Sampson, 2to 1 agst Nereus. _ _ _ The latter made play throughout, and wen easily by a length; Abernethy was a bad third. The winner was purchased by Mr. Jacobs, of Cheltenham, for 51 guineas. The Caversham Stakes (handicap) of 3 sous each, with 25 added; winners extra. Straight run in, three-quarters of a mile. Lord Bateman's Danaus, 3 yrs, sst 71b (J. Grimshaw) L o rd Bateman's Miss Livingstone, 3 yrs, Bst 41b (Custance) 2 Mr. Chancellor's Sister to Melsonby, 3 yrs,_7st 7lb (car ried 7st Slb) (H. Grimshaw) 3 The following also ran :—Teddy, Cairncastle, Flash-in the-Pan, Overture, Deerfoot, The Gunner, Midnight, Rubini, Vitus, Victorine, Voluptas, and Flutter. Betting-9 to 2 agst Flash-in-the-Fan, 6to 1 aget Sister to Melsonby, 100 to 15 each agst Deerfoot and Voluptas, S to 1 each agst The Gunner, Miss Livingstone, and Rubini, 10 to aget Teddy, 12 to 1 agst Danaus, 100 to 8 agst Over ture, 100 to 6 agst Cairncastle, 20 to 1 each agst Midnight and Flutter. The Gunner made play, followed by Miss Livingstone, Danaus, and Teddy on his left, Voluptas close up on his right. They ran in this order to the distance, where Danaus took up the running, followed by Sister to Melsonby, Deer foot, and Livingstone, Rubini, and Flash-in the-Pan. Half way up Sister to Melsonby gave way to Miss Livingstone, who, unable to reach her stable companion, was beaten three-quarters of a length; Flash-in-the-Pan was fourth, and the last two were Voluptas and St. Vitus. Flutter, in making the turn, struck into the heels of some other horse and fell, Norden, the jockey, being carried to the infirmary, but, on examination, was found only to have been shaken. The Thames Handicap of 5 sovs each, 2 ft, with 50 added, for three-yr-olds and upwards ; winners extra. One mile and three-quarters. 14 subs. Mr. Low's Gibraltar, 6 yrs, Bst 71b.. (Custance) 1 Mr. S. Thellasson's Kingswood, 3 yrs, 7st 91b (inc. 71b extra) (car 7st 101 b) rFordham) Mr. Brayley's Hampton Court, 3 yrs, 6st 71b.. (Cannon) 3 The following also ran :—Violet, Sweet Willie, Remune rator, Quicksand, Petersham, and Willie the Beau. Betting-7 to 2 agst Gibraltar, sto 1 agst Violet, 6to 1 agst Remunerator, 100 to 15 agst Hampton Court, 8 to 1 each agst Kingswood, Sweet Willie, and Quicksand, 10 to 1 agst Petersham. Sweet Willie held a slight lead of Remunerator, Violet, Petersham, and Kingawood for three-quarters of a mile, when he retired, and Remunerator went on with the running. Half a mile from home Gibraltar, who had been lying fourth, deprived Remunerator of the lead, and, continuing in front to the end, won cleverly by a length and a half ; Hampton Court a bad third, Petersham fourth, Violet fifth, Quicksand sixth, and Willie the Beau and Sweet Willie were beaten off. The Selling Stakes of 3 soya each, with 25 added, for all ages ; selling and other allowances. Half-a .mile. Mr. T. Hughes's Good-for-Nothing, 4 yrs (£2O), ist 111 b (T French) 1 Mr, Sutton's Bittern, 2 yrs (£2O), sst 81b (Doolan) 2 Mr. Payne's Tomfoolery, 2 yrs (£2O), sst 81 (J. b Grimshaw) 3 The following also ran :—Neilgherry, St. Vitus, Wee Aggie, Maid of Lincoln colt, and Nereus. Betting-7 to 4 agst Tomfoolery, sto 2 agst Neilgherry, 6 to 1 agst Wee Aggie, 8 to 1 agst Good for Nothing, 10 to 1 each agst Bittern and Nereus. Good for Nothing made the running, attended by Tom foolery until arriving opposite the stand, where Bittern came with a rush, but never getting up was beaten by half a length; Tomfoolery finished three-quarters of a length behind Bittern ; and Neilgherry was only beaten a head from the favourite. The winner was bought by Mr. Patterson for 80 guineas, and Bittern was claimed by Mr. Simpson. The Whitley Stakes (Handicap) of 10 sovs each, 5 ft, with 50 added; winners extra. One mile. 41 subs, 21 of whom declared. Mr. Reeve's Topsy, 3 yrs, Gst 31b (inc 7th extra) (J. Grimshaw) Mr. Merry's Calliope colt, 3 yrs, Est (J. Loates) 2 Mr. W. S. Crawfurd's Crotchet colt, 4 yrs, 6st 71b (H. Covey) 3 The following also ran :—Game Cock, Gibraltar, Earl of Surrey, and Balliverne. Betting-6 to 5 agst the Calliope colt-100 to 30 aget Topsy-100 to 15 aget Gibraltar. The Calliope colt made play to the half distance, where Topsy obtained the lead, and won a capital race by a neck ; three lengths separated the second and third ; Gamecock was fourth, Baliverne fifth, Gibraltar sixth, and Earl of Surrey did not pass the post. The Abbey Stakes, of 15 sovs each, 5 ft, with 50 added, for 2 yr-olds ; colts, Sat 101 b; fillies, Bst 61b; certain penal• ties and allowances. Five furlongs. 32 subs. Mr. E. Crawshaye's Eastminster, Oat 111 b (inc 51b extra) (Eordham) 1. Marquis of Hastings's Garotter, 9st 31b (ino 71b extra) (S. Rogers) 2 Mr. Merry's Crisis, Bst 131 b (inc a 31b allowance and 101 b extra) (H. Covey) 3 Mr. E. Brayley's De Grey, Set 71b (allowed 31b) (A. Cowley) 4 Mr. Saxon's Lord Cochrane, Bst 71b (allowed 31b)(MidgleY) 5 Betting—Even on Garotter-9 to 4 agst Crisis-100 to 15 agst Eastminster. The latter made play, and for some distance followed by De Grey, who giving way to Garotter, a splendid race from the distance ensued, and resulted in the defeat of the fa. vourite by a neck; two lengths separated the second and third. The Stand Plate (Handicap) of 100 sovs, for all ages; Win ners extra. Half a mile. 33 subs. Bst 41b .... (Fordham) A lk i i r r . ._ W m a e d ni l i o n w; , s B T c a ad rrag iz, ono , 4 378 ' 3 yrs, 7st 81b .... .... (Daley) 2 .... (J. Holman) 4 • Vigil, Peahen, Calliope colt, Blanche of Mr. Jacobs's Lufra, The following also ran :—Tom Fool, Mountain Buck, 3 yrs, 7st 121 b Signalman, Eleanor, Imposition, Elise, and Tom.. Lancaster, teGriP, sie(!vierilrerance, Vindicta, Tom Sayers, Overstone, fo Girdle,le 2.. Gipsy Girl, 100 to 8 each agst Lufra, Signalman, j3ett i ng -5 to 2 apt Tarragona, 6 to 1 agst Vigil, 10 to 1 agst and Overstone, 100 to 6 agst Perseverance, 20 to 1 each a gst Imposition and Mountain Buck, and 50 to 1 agst Tom Sayers. Gipsy Girl obtained a clear lead at the start, followed by Tarragona, Tomfoolery, Cadiz, Lufra, and Elise to the half distance, where Tarragona and Cadiz drew away, the first-mentioned winning cleverly by half a length ; Cadie Girl opposite the Stand) by beat Lufra (who passed Gi p e y half a length. Perseverance, who went in front of Gipsy Girl in the last few strides, was fourth, and Tomfoolery i sixth. BETTING ON THE COURSE. GREAT EBOR HANDICAP. 6 to 1 agat Clarior (offered) Bto 1 agst Golden Pledge (offered) 10 to 1 agst Monk (taken) 10 to 1 agst Piccador (taken) 15 to 1 agst Fantail (taken) LEGER, sto 1 agst Ranger (taken and offered) 100 to 15 agst Lord Clifden (taken and offered) 7to 1 agst Queen Bertha (offered) Bto 1 agat Avenger (offered) 30 to 1 agst Onesander (taken) 40 to 1 agst Borealis (taken) 1000 to 10 agst Kemptown (taken) 1000 to 10 agst Cheerful (taken) 15 to 1 agst Lord Glasgow's lot (wanted) BETTING AT M ANC HES TER-FRIDAY. EBOlt HANDICAP. sto 1 agst Clarior (offered) 17 to 2 agst Golden Pledge (taken) 9to 1 agst Carisbrook (taken) 10 to 1 agst The Monk (taken) 10 to 1 agst Melrose (taken and offered) 14 to 1 agst Bellman (offered) 20 to 1 agst Fantail (taken) ST. LEGEn• 11 to 2 agst Lord Clifden (taken) 6to 1 bar ono (offered) A HINT PICKED UP IN THE STREETS or PARIS, —Every street in Paris is swept and washed down each morning. Plenty of work is involved in that, for all litter of the day goes into the street at sight—being not kept festering in dustbins like. But, after th e cleansing' as is our hab it to keep the , not a stal k, a shell, or a, straw, will offend the sight for the remainder of the day.