The Sun. — London, England, 1863-11-11 00:00:00

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, NOV. 11, 1863. As we are going to press we receive by the sub marine telegraph the text of the autograph letter addressed by the Emperor NAPOLEON 111. to the Sovereigns of Europe. It is far finer, oven, because yet more forcibly outspoken, than his remarkable address the other day when inaugurating the new session of the Legislature. It is conceived in a noble spirit throughout. Read it—and answer if it be not ! Look boldly and honestly at the words writ ten down thus by the hand of this powerful ruler, Who, when already EMPEROR, deigned not to speak of himself, several years back, otherwise than as a parvenu among the Sovereigns. It is true that there is a tone so ominous as to be almost sinister, in the bold allusions thrown out in the earlier part of this letter, as they had been more vaguely already thrown out, the other after noon in his speech, in reference to dangers of a most serious kind now impending imminently over Christendom. But they are ominous, from the force of circumstances. What is sinister in them Comes from the momentous peculiarities of the s ituation. NAPOLEON 111. is plain enough, in all to th e it mus t b e a ll owe d i n w h at h e sa y s , as w hich situation, as t o thi s cr i s i s or j un ctur e at we have arrived. "We are threatened," ha says to his cousins, the Sovereigns, quite frankly e ar e threatened with a danger, so much the more by eivi Z a ld , t o lbl e because th e i m p rovemen t s effected a which h ave b oun d th e p eo pl es toge ther by "a identity of mat e rial interests ,1,,,1id render a not wait, beforeictakar still more destructive. Let cs sudden a n d irres i . ng our part, for [mark this !] lodgment and drawtible events to disturb our contrary direction:, us, despite ourselves, into a in anything of au l a th ° . shall say that there is — w ith Poland strui'ie any exaggeration ? and for the death, i n the g now, for the life brutali gßussia rasp and under the yet more brutal heels , w ith Italy standing, daring these of last few years, (and stil l !) u p on the alert her heart burning ° her For Ivithiarnarredablrecaadpy -1 pie,other changes than those which h a , e been effected in the Roman Peninsula That the danger is imminent, who shall deny ? It has b een increasingly imminent for some years pam.....ever since 1818, in fact—ever since the strife began, now overt, now latent, (a strife always the more deadly when thus intermitted and suppressed) be tween the revolutionary party and the reactionists. Returning to the EMPEROR'S letter, however, after the solemn warnings addressed to himself, one might say, not less than to the other Sovereigns of Europe --how do we find NAPOLEON expressing himself upon what is in truth the real subject matter of this extraordinary and cost exceptional communication ? We find the French EmrEnon. opening up his thoughts with a manly simplicity of f ran k ness t h at has a b out it a majesty f ar b e yond the ordinary circumlocution of diplomatic corres pondence. "C a ll e d t o th e t h rone "—M r. K INGL AKE (aon `With him, hoc g enus °nine ) must grind his teeth to reading this an d j us t simply read on—" Called the thron e by French_eopProvidence, and the will of the adt.ersit ; , bat trained in the school of u is perhap s less allowable for me than for any oth er to ignore the rights of Sovereigns and the legitimate aspirations of peoples. Thus, I am ready, without a prec onceived to enter an syst em International Co ngress With , the spirit of modera tion and justice, ordi narily the portion of those who have endured so ma»y there is a dignity and, so to speak, u s trials." Th a t even a pathos this last in the words we have italicised in not to extract, 1 i we conceive it would be difficult indeed recognise. Continuing the remarks, howeve r w hi ch hive been here momentarily intereupted, the EMPEROR says—if it would be possible for one moment to apply such a phrase to any Words falling from the impassive lips of this reput e d s p hi n x —ingenuously "If I take initiative in this; overture I do not yield to an OYAL I±',NOLISII OPERA, COVENT -GARDEN. Under the Manae-enaent of Miss - Louisa Pyrite and Mr..V;.'.. Harrison. THIS EVENING, WAlace's Romantic Opera, THE DESERT FLOWER Miss Louisa Fyne, Miss Susan Fyne Messrs. W. H. Weiss, 11. Corri. A. Cook, and W. Harrison. Conductor, Mr. A.• Nlellon.—Doors open at half-past Seven. t ommence at Eight THEATRE ROYAL DRURY - LANE._ Managers, Messrs. E. Falconer and F. B. Chattertou. THIS E VENING the next ormances will nommence with an by J. Oxenforcl, Esq , entitled BEAUTY OR THE BEAST. Irincipal characters by essrs. Addison, G. F. Neville, Barret, Spencer, and G. Weston; Mrs Edmund Falconer and Miss 11. Lecicrq. After which, Lord Byron's Choral Tragedy, MANFRED. Messrs. t- helps, Ryder, Rayner, liLagreson, Ward, Spencer ; Miss - Heath. Mimi E. Atkinson. Miss Leclercq, and Mrs. E. Falconer. Vocalists—Miss Poole, Miss hitter, Miss Cicely Notr, Miss Heywood, and Mr. Swift. To conclude with a New and Original Farce, by Messrs. w Brouzli and A. Halliday, entitled MY 11NAIIT'S IN THE HIGHLANDS : characters by Mr. Neville, Mr. G. Weston, Mr. Warde, Mr. J. Marris ; Mrs. C. Melville, and Miss Ilartleur. THEATRE ROYAL H A YMARKET.- Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr, Buckstone. THIS EVENING (3d time), LITrLE DAISY. After which, at halt-past 7 (4th time), A BULL IN A CHINA SHOP. Messrs. Charles Mathews, Compton, Clark, Rozers, and Gordon ; Mesdames Lindley, Wright, Fitz- Hill, &c. Followed by THE GOLDEN FLEECE. Messrs. Charles Mathews, Compton,Weathersby, &c. ; Mesdames C. Mathews, L Keeley. Griffith, &c. And MY HUSBAND'S GHOST. Commence at 7. ItOYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the Sole Management of Mr. Fechter. BEL DEMONIO (a Triumphant Success) will be repeated Every Evening until further notice. THIS EVENING to commence with a Comedietta, by W. Gilbert, gsq., entitled UNCLE BABY: - Shore, Widdicombe, Charles, Miss P. Lezlercq , and Leclerzq. Carlotta After which, at a Quarter -past Eight, Bt DEMONIO, a Love Story, in Twelve Tableaux' ' , taken Italian Chronicle ," by John Brougham. rrin c e l iPai ga a r r l a ;: - trona Stendlial's ter by Mr. Fechter, supported by l‘lessrs. Jornnt Brougham, Emery, Raymond, L nue Mr. Collett, Andrews, Sims ; Miss Nate Terry, avt, , Moreland, Smith, Clifford, , Lee, and Miss Elsworthy. EL DENIOI . .TIO ; a LOVE STORY, in Twelve _ll_, Tableaux. --- NEW THEATB.E-R0 VAL, ADELPHL— i -.... sole Pronriator and Manaeler. Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, at 7, TILE TRAGEDY QUEEN: Mrs. S . 'irlino ,.,. eit 8, the New Drama of LEAII : Miss Batoman, supported by - Messrs. Arthur Stirling, It. Phillips, Billington, Stuart A Wood, flburne, Miss H. Simms and Mrs. Billington. To conclude with CATCHING Wood AN HEIRESS : Mi ss 1 Woolr , ar and Mr. A. . ATEA AN.—LE A 11.—The triumph an t S B and en thusiastic success of the great tragic artiste, 5U s- ,4 B HA TEMAN, on her first appearance in the character o f in the new five act Drama of that title, having* been /11,1tly repeated, and even exceeded during th e l ast four 1 .. 7 1 %u5, amidst the applause and tears of crowded au di ences, and tee profound impression created upon all who have wit nessed the touching impersonation by Miss Bateman of the heart-broken Jewish maiden, being confirmed by the unani mous verdict and critical approval of the entire press, the tttanagerof the NEW ADEL I'll I THEATRE has the honour trr announce that M'ss BATH: MAN will appear in the New Drama of LEA II EVERY EVENING till I Luther notice ; and in order to meet, as far as possible, the increasity , demand for stalls, has added two more rows to those previously existing. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Manazer, Mr. W. 11. Swanborough. THIS EVENING, WIIERE'S YOUR WIFE. Miss Simpson. After which, T,111'; CRIME. Messrs. G. Honey, Parselle, Belford, Turner, Miss K.Saville, and Miss Slanders. To conclude with FAINT HEART NEVER WON LAIR LADY. Mr. Ixigh Murray • Conirnence at 7. HP'.H EDITION OF "THE SUN.' 17UM Containinz the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, Can be had Every Evenha , * of G. R. GLMNIE. NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, lh. 42m.—Afternoon, 2h. 2m. roo.folatow.-Mornina, 2d. 44m.—Afternoon. 2h. 40m. The Weather—Sun Office, Nov. 11, 1863. THERMOMETER. Thin day at Two o'clock Barometer-29.35. Wind—North-West ; moderate, and cloudy. THh so N. LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER, 11, 1563. T etvit uu an impulse of vanity, but [here, at any rate, is plain speaking again l] because lam a sovereign the most credited with ambitious projects, and I have it at heart to prove by a frank and loyal step that my ole object is to arrive without a shock at the paci fication of Europe." The last paragraph of the telegram containing the text of the EMPEROR'S letter offers to the acceptance of the Sovereigns, the French capital as the place of rendezvous. And the EMPEROR does this, it must be allowed, with incomparable cleverness. Having remarke d with a gracions air of courtesy, " If this proposition be accepted, I pray you to accept Paris as the place of meeting," NAPOLEON adds, by way of exp lainin g his reason for naming Paris as the place of ren devous, "Europe would perhapsthe eg si some n s a e l e for overatdhvraonw tage in the capital, whence h has so many times issued, becoming the seat of conferences destined to lay the basis of a general pacification." While the telegraphic wires have been thrilling under the waters of the Channel these words of weightiest import, the Cabinet Coun cil has been sitting to decide as to the answer which shall be returned to the French EMPEROR in the name of the Sovereign of ENGLAND. And the decision to be arrived at by the deliberations of the Cabinet is one indeed of a most momentous character, one fraught with most solemn responsi bilities. Waiting it in eager expectation —we can not but count with implicit confidence upon the full appreciation of those responsibilities by the patriotic statesmen to whose care has been confided, in the interests of the English Crown and of the English people, the opening or the shutting of the gates of the Temple of lANUS. The services rendered by geographical discoverers are too often accomplished at no small cost. We are very ready to think that the glory of discovery, the triumph of euccess, the reputation which a for tunate explorer acquires among his fellows, are ample compensation for the toils, the hardships, and the dangers of the task. There is no doubt that as it is an enterprise undertaken almost more than any other in obedience to a strong natural bent, so the searcher is willing and ready to pass over a great deal that les. eager travellers might angrily resent, or at least complain of very seriously. Still there are wants to be felt and perils to be encountered, which, however bravely borne, must occasion suffer ing and distress, which we who reap the benefit of the knowledge thus hardly acquired should not lightly estimate. The direction in which the atten tion of our geographers is now chiefly turned is one replete with difficulty and danger; but although we have to lament the untimely demise of many valuable followers of science, yet the advantages of carrying the blessings of civilisation into the heart of a vast continent and the nations now sunk in the depths of barbarism are great enough to soften the inevitable regret and to sustain the energies of the survivors. It is now some years since Dr. LIVING STONE, in his double capacity of discoverer and missionary, drew public attention to the vast capacities of the interior of the southern part of the country. Since then Captains BURTON and SPEKE, Consul PETHERICK, and others, have been largely extending ♦heir researches, bringing the most hope ful accounts of the possible future of the land, if but dark and doubtful representations of the now existing inhabitants. AI. Du CITAILLU, of gorilla celebrity, has assisted to popularise the subject, until Central and Southern Africa, thanks to one and another, are no longer words of mysterious and unknown import. The value of these researches will be more apparent in a few years' time than at present, since we may reasonably hope that the cultivation of the cotton plant will work a rapid change in the fortunes and habits of the natives. The demand for labour, the peaceable and profitable employment, will be mighty agencies in the work of reform and civilisation. That some refining in fluences are sadly needed among the African abo rigines has been abundantly proved by the revela tions of those hardy and adventurous travellers who have penetrated beyond the accustomed limits. In the very interesting address delivered by Sir R. MURCHISON to the members of the lUyal G3ogra phical Society, the savage and inhospitable nature of these central tribes was spoken of. The Baron VON DECKEN, a Hanoverian nobleman, who has displayed the most liberal and intelligent interest in the cause of geographical discovery, encountered very serious obstacles in his efforts to pursue his course. This nobleman, who has fitted out a whole scientific expedition at his own cost, has recently explored the highest mountain yet known to us in Eastern Africa. This mountain had been pre viously declared by a German missionary to be capped with snow, but his assertion was received by many persons, among whoa the President, with the simplicity of real knowledge, modestly included himself. It seems, however, that the missionary was quite correct in his statement, which Baron VON DECKEN has verified by two ascents, one reaching to an altitude of 14,000 feet above the level of the sea. This enterprising tra veller further ascertained by trigonometrical mea surement that the summit of the mountain was over 20,000 feet in height, and that its snow line de_ scended below 16,000 feet—thus, in the words of Sir RODERICK MURCHISON, " satisfactorily esta blishing a grand and new phenomena in the physi cal geography of Africa." The Baron, like other enthusiastic followers of science, is willing to incur real danger in pursuit of his object, and endea voured, though vainly, to reach the spot where ROSCIIER had been murdered, with the hope of obtaining the papers of that intrepid traveller. He was unfortunately obliged to relinquish this design from the hostility of the Arab traders and the de sertion of hi: porters. This latter misfortune is one to which all African exp!orers are liable, and every reader of their narratives must remember how often their Porters threaten to proceed no further, and ho w sometimes they fulfil the threat to the great l oss, inconvenience, and danger of their ere er. ploy • Althou g h f orce d t o a b an d on hi s fi rs t proj ect, ho ' valuabl e fr w oit f ev er, the Baron's journey yet bore he brought . or the s p ec i mens o f th e roc k w hi c h Nv 'th hi m , how the mighty peak to have been rai se d by , . voi propose already' with the inforrcittilic act :on ; and not content DEcKEN now acquired, Baron VON aro, the mountain ° explore Kenia, the rival of Kilimanjaro, already ascended. Kenia, which has not Itilin placed on threaehed by any geo e lim e o.rapher, has been 0 of the equator 200 mile 3 north of Kilimanjaro, Th e Baron has now come to Engl Ind to equi p for this second andex it is ;;ratifyin g to find podition, that so enter liberal' a traveller i s to . ve prising and rece,..., every assistance from our au thoriti es. I t i s to b e hoped that his new undert lking will'. not b e saddened by , es his last, which so painful an advent, , are unfortu_ ' of the untimely dea t h nately was the oceas Lonof a gifted younc , geologist, Mr. I tICHARD TflorNT,,, w ho lost his life, on t he ianabo.i. The Baron hi m .. self had to encounter groat perils; in one spot only pacifying a hostile eh ief by co ns enting to drink blood with him. This iremiods one of the incident in the reign o f T ern sr , w:ien -Made m oiselle de SOMBREINT was forced -to quaff the sam e deadly draught to the toast of 4 g el has les aristocrats I' The naturalist will learn sot ne new ,and curious facts from the Baron's accoun • ..1 . of his travels —among them the existence of an fusect so venomous as and to asses in a day or Iwo. In corn destroy goats raenaoration of the ' services , illich he has rendered to the cause of science, the Hanoverian explorer was on Monday ranked among the honorary members of the Royal Geographical Society. Such incidents prove the advantag es of such a so ciety which is able promptly to acknowledge the public debt and to pay homage to enterprise and intelligence when exerted fur great ends of lasting benefit to the community. As was anticipated, the KING opened the Prussian Chambers in person. This was so far satisfactory, as it evinces a determination on his part to come more prominently forward than he has recently done. Nothing can be more deleterious than for the SOVEREIGN to hold back, and keep aloof, as it were, from all important questions, and leave the discussion and arrangement of affairs to the Ministers. This monopoly of power is always in jurious to the interests of a State, and in the case of Prussia has proved singularly adverse to the wel fare of the nation. Apart from the fact of its having been delivered in propria persona, this address of King WILLIAM'S is anything but a promising one. It holds out no hopes of anything approaching to a readjustment of the difficulties which last year pre sented themselves so constantly at the debates in the Chamber. Instead of a conciliatory tone being adopted, it would appear that the Royal Address intimates a determination to continue the same course, and to pursue the same line of policy as that which has aroused the indignant remonstrances of the great body of the people, and called forth the sympathetic sorrow of the nations of Europe. It seems in some way a mockery for such a message to commence by expressing a wish that the diffe rences between the Government and the Chamber may terminate. It is of no avail to utter these pla titudes when all experience testifies to the contrary. How can differences cease when the cause of disa greement remains unchanged, and there seems no desire to alter any of the vexatious proposals that have so irritated and annoyed the deputies, and also the people in general. In the first place, some most extraordinary measure is proposed in re ference to the Budget. Taking for granted that this will not be settled, there is to be some sort of indemnity provided for the Government, which will most likely cancel the effect of anything advised by the Chamber. At all events these words seem pretty significant in their way, " that without endangering the most important interests, the KING can only assent to such a budget as shall ensure the maintenance of the new organisation of the army." It is a novel mode of carrying out the tenets of a free constitution, and a strange manner of addressing an independent assembly, to base all arguments on the premises that the KING has settled beforehand what is and what is not to become law, or to point a course of action from which there shall be no departure. It would be more in unison with the dictates of common sense if all attempt as a re presentative assembly was abandoned, and a regular form of arbitrary Government was substituted. The people of Prussia will not allow themselves to be hoodwinked into the belief that time had worked wonders for them, and that the wise and beneficent ,rule of this Sovereign has created peace and pro sperity for the land. How can the prevailing sen timent be other than that of disappointment, when such a failure is exhibited to the world as this attempt to solve an irritating point of discussion between the Ministers and the representatives of the people. Foreign affairs do not seem to be any better than home ones in the manner in which they are discussed in this speech. The allusions to Federal execution in Holstein are inost unsatisfactory, and demonstrate a reckless persist ence in the harsh and arbitrary measures that have already drawn down so much disapproval. Esti mates are to be laid before the Chamber, in case the application of " extraordinary means" from Prus sia are rendered necessary. This looks very much like a predetermined plan. and a concerted arrange ment in high quarters, and the supposition is put in to give grace to the affair, and make it appear a little more honest and honourable. The conclusion of this address is fine in its language, but the inter pretation that is sought to be put on the expressions is not a fair one. First of all, the deputies are in formed that "They live in an agitated time," and also that a yet more disturbed future may await them. This is true enough, but that is not their fault, nor that of their predecessors either. It was the entire doing of the Ministers that the fracas arose, which has cost so much in reputation, pro sperity, and good-will in Prussia. The concluding words of advice are most ill-timed. The deputies are urged to come to an understanding on home questions, the more readily because of foreign mis understandings. This might have come very well from a monarch whose aim and object has hitherto been to maintain inviolate the pr i n ciples of the Constitution, and to uphold with might and main the existence of those measures which guarantee the rights and liberties of the subject. As unhappily it is too well known that the present ruler of Prussia has listened to the counsels and sanctioned the decrees of those whose purpose has been to uproot established customs, and remodel, or rather destroy, the plans which have seemed to secure the best advantages to the people, it is merely a waste of time to appeal to the patriotic or chi valric sentiments which are wont to animate men in moments of great national peril. There is no common point round which divers interests may assemble in Prussia at this moment. That vantage ground has been abandoned by the Ministers, and they cannot now return to it. They must play out their difficult part without such false supports, and stand or fall upon their own merits. It is much to be regretted that things should have come to such a pass, but it is almost as much to be deprecated that a false impression should be given to affairs of moment, and that those who have chosen to assume a false position should deny the issue they have provoked,and refuse their share of the responsibility. If the Deputies aro meu of secse, spirit, and dis cernment, they will not brook this false position in which they are placed; they will refute the im putation put upon them, and deny the aspersions cast on their disinterestedness. It is theirs to do their duty to the country whose welfare is at stake, and to defend the interests of the people who sent them to be representatives of their rights, and, if need be, the champion of their liberties and the vindicators of their privileges. The glory of such a success will be all their own, and, at any rate, no confusion that arises can be laid to their charge, but the grave responsibility will devolve on those who first made the attempt to change the existing state of things, and thus provoked a struggle whose commencement has been a source 0 1 great disturbance, and whose conclusion may so alter the aspect of affairs that this generation may not witness its ultimate effects. The transmicoil the FEAT.—The Emperor's speech cn the o p enin g ss f the S ess i on cons i sted o f 2 , 0 4 4 wor d s. Paris telegraph from the central station in mmen°cend by as 1 00 0 n as it was as c er t a i ne d that the reading h a d been co:: pleted, which w as a t about half-past p . The ave rage time cities of o cupied i n th e transm i ss i on to Francothe quarter. The capitals for which was an hour and a o h the longest time was re naurzbunication were Rome, quirel from a want of direct e c The speech was st, Petersburg, Athens, an d nevertheless received everywhere bef e n r ; the journals of the whole of Europ e proau t h. c : d evening, and it on the fol lowing morning, Oa° same as those of Paris,_.o(qiangili. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. ['REUTER'S TELEGRAM.] FRANCE. THE EMPEROR'S LETTER TO THE SOVEREIGNS. PARIS, Nov. 11. The letter of the Emperor of the French to the Sovereigns, inviting them to a Congress at Paris, has been published to-day. It points out, that from the political condition of Europe, it is impossible not to acknowledge that nearly everywhere the treaties of Vienna have been destroyed, modified, or misunderstood. The Em peror continues as follow:, :-- " We are threatened with a danger, so much the more formidable because the improvements effected by civilisation which has bound the peoples toge ther by an identity of material interests would render a war still more destructive. Let us not wait before taking our part for sudden and irresistible events to disturb our judgment and draw us, despite ourselves, into a contrary direction. " Called to the throne by Providence, and the will of the French people, but trained in the school of adversity, to, it is perhaps less allow a bl e f or m e than any other ignore the rights of Sovereigns and the e a d legitimate aspirations of peoples. Thus I am y without a preconceived system to enter an ready International Congress with the spirit of moderation and justice, ordinarily the portion of those who have endured so many various trials. " If I take the initiative in this overture I do not yield to an impulse of vanity, but becauPe I am a sovereign the most credited with ambitious pro jects, and I have it at heart to prove by a frank and loyal step that my sole object is to arrive with out a shock at the pacification of Europe. "If this proposition be accepted, I pray you to accept Paris as the place of meeting. Europe would perhaps see some advantage in the capital, whence the signal for overthrow has so many times issued, beconaing the seat of conferences destined to lay the basis of a general pacification. BOURSE, Nov. 10.—The market has been rather firmer, and quotations show a slight improvement, but without any material change as to the amount of business. Threes are now at 67f. 10c. Railway Shares well maintained. The market closed as follows : 4 per Cents. 9l 90 Do. end month 3 per Cents Do. end month 67 05 Credit Mobilier 1077 50 Do, end month 10S0 Italian Loan 72 50 Do. end month 72 40 New ditto 72 30 Do. end month Russian Austrian Bank Shares 3400 Credit Fancier 1265 Roman Spanish Threes.. • 7 None Debt .. Deferred AYS. BA IL Cash. Aermunt. Or!eau Northern .... New ditto Lyons and Islediwrranean 9.18 75 .. 050 New. ditto . 905 Geneva .. 498 75 .. Southern 6BB 75 • • 692 50 Western Eastern ....... 485 .. 483 75 Sardinian Austrian Lon bard North of Spain ...... 536 25 .. 536 '`) Saragossa Ditto to Barcelona 327 50 332 50 97 50 .. 97.5 00 980 -- THE POLISH INSURRECTION. ST. PETERSBURG, Nov. 11. The Liralide Plisse publishes an article relating to the general recruitment which is to take place i❑ the Russian provinces between the 13th Nov. and the 31st December. The Invalide says that this recruitment is the first since the Crimean war. The system of drawing by lot formerly employed being now objected to, the Government has now left the communes the choice of four methods, based u , ,)on age, drawing by lot, selection by the authorities of the commune, and the engagement of substitutes paid by the communes. The standard of height having bee❑ lowered, the Inealide hopes that this measure will considerably augment the number of men fit for military service. The Norgiern Bee feels no confidence in the ad dresses of loyalty sent into the Gr;vernment, and the provisional suppression of the revolt in the Western provinces. It foresees that sooner or later the Poles will agai❑ take up arms. To anticipate this difficulty, the Bee recommends that the Poles should be compelled to entrust the education of their chil dren to Russian teachers ; that Polish should be forbidden in the schools ; that Russian libraries should be increased ; that all officials of Polish descent should be dismissed from their posts; that parents should be compelled to bring up children born of mixed marriages in the orthodox Greek religion ; that the Catholic churches and convents still existing in Podolia and Volhynia should be gradually suppressed ; that the statues of saints and the crosses erected at the sides of the public roads shall be taken away, to divide the popular element in the Ukraine and in White Russia from Polish influence; and, lastly, that every possible means should be employed to undermine the still solid foundations of the Polish nationality and of the Catholic creed i❑ the 'Western provinces. WARSAW, Nov. 6. The last extraordinary contribution imposed by Gen. Berg upon the population was fixed at 300,000 roubles. With the exception of 20,000 roubles, the whole of this tax has already been paid into the Russian treasury. It is asserted that Gen. Berg intends to levy mother extraordinary impost upon the whole population, not excepting servants, amounting also to 300,000 roubles, for the purpose of rebuilding the Hotel de Ville. The French paper La Patric has lately published a series of articles attacking the Russian authorities of this city in violent terms. They are signed " Christian Ostrawski." It has been discovered that the writer is the brother of Count Thaddeus Os trawski, a French subject living in Warsaw. The latter, it seems, furnished his brother with the ma terials for the articles to which the Patric has given the place of honour in its columns. Count Ostrawski has consequently received orders to quit 'Warsaw. Since the commencement of the insurrection the Prussian military authorities have confiscated 965 fire-arms, 670 sabres, 2,055 bayonets, 720 cwt. of powder, 3,310 cartridges, 500 cwt. of lead, 60,000 percussion caps. The Polish women, especially at the present mo men,, occupy the chief place in the revolutionary organisation. They fill various functions, above all, contribute to inducing young men to join the bands. Women undertake the charge of distributing the orders of the National Government over the pro vinces. An interesting letter has lately transpired written by a well-informed Polish lady, from which it appears that the bombs thrown at General Berg were manufactured abroad, and that four men de voted themselves to carry out the attack. It is said that among the women arrested the day before yes terday were some 20 armed with daggers. The mother of a quiet and inoffensive youth studying at Warsaw University lately visited the capital for the express purpose of persuading the lad to join the insurgents in the field. The son obeyed. He was mortally wounded at the first engagement with the Russian troops, and has since died in the hos pital at Warsaw. Much has been said of the little confidence to b. placed in Poles attached to Russians fulfilling im p portant functions. Iv has just come to light that a secretary of the chief of the Warsaw gendarmes, named Trayanowski, with the secretary of the chief of the staff, and another Pole who filled the post of adjutant, transmitted all the intended movements of the military authorities to the revolutionary central committee. The guilty persons have been brought before court-martial. A third clandestine printing-office has been dis covered in Niccola-street, behind the palace of Bruhl, formerly the residence of the Marquis Wielopolski. CRACOW, Nov. The Czas publishes the following from Polish Livonia :—" The intelligence received from all parts of Lithuania is excellent. The insurgent corps in Samogitia and in the districts of Lowno, Tooki, Wilkomir, and Jeziorsk, are preparing for the win ter campaign. Their main efforts are directed to procuring men, horses, and ammunition. "The Livonian insurgents, shut in upon all sides by the Muscovites, separated from Samagitia by a long distance, have no assistance and no reinforce ments to llspect from any quarter. It is, there fore, more difficult for them than for others to operate in arms, as, in the event of a reverse, they would have nowhere to seek retreat. Far, however, from allowing ourselves to be discouraged, we shall fight energetically for the national cause, either in arms or by passive resistance, and by active propa ganda among the rural pupulation." MEXICO, PARIS, Nov. 11. Official despatches received here from Mexico announce that General Bezaine was preparing, with a column of the expeditionary corps, to march on the 20th October to attack Juarez' army, which was concentrated between Queretaro and the San Juan river. PRUSSIA. BERLIN, Nov. 11. Letters received here from St. Petersburg, of the Bth, state that the Grand Duke Constantine and his consort, coming from Livadia, in the south, on their way abroad, will pass through Austria. PORTUGAL. SOUTHAMPTON, Tuesday Morning. The screw steamship Tartar, Captain J. W. White, from Lisbon on the 4th inst., and Vigo the 6th, has arrived, on her way to London. During the voyage she has had strong easterly winds. The Tartar brings five passengers, a few bags of mails, £660 in specie, 10 live bullocks, 2,056 half chests of oranges, 976 bundles of cork, 41 boxes of plums, 115 cases of eggs, and sundries. The Tartar does not bring any political news of importance from Portugal. The Duke of Louie, Pre sident of the Council, had recovered from his recent illness, and resumed his attendances at the Depart ments for Foreign Affairs and Public Works. M. Braamcamp, Minister of the Interior, had taken charge of the portfolio of Justice during the temporary absence of M. Gaspar Pereira da Silva. Their Majesties and the Prince Royal of Portugal are represented in excellent health, and had ap peared frequently in public driving through the city of Lisbon. The exchange on London was quoted on the 4th inst. at 531 to 1 for three months. Portuguese stock, 491 to 50 ; and Bank of Portugal shares, 550 to 552. Application of Langiewicz to the Austrian Government. CRACOW, Thursday.—rhe ex-Dictator Langie wicz has addressed the following application to the Austrian Government from Josephstadt, his place of confinement : " When the Prussian Government, by its orders of the 17th September last, released me from obli gations as its subject, it recognised at the same time by that act that, notwithstanding the convention of the Bth of February, I have not incurred liability to punishment, either by the Prussian code or by the law of nations, through my participation in the rising, and also have no right to be handed over to Russia. The expression in the said order, ' for the purpose of your emigration to Switzerland,' shows that the Prussian Government believes it will in no degree violate international engagements with Russia by permitting my removal- to Switzer land. I believe, therefore, that the Austrian Government also will not infringe international stipulations by permitting my immediate depar ture to Switzerland. At the sitting of the Lower House of the Reichsrath upon June 23 the Police Minister said that the Austrian Government could not issue passports to the insurgents, as it possessed no guarantee they would not return to the scene 3f action,' and also persons requiring protection must submit to the conditions upon which such protection is afforded. This declaration can no longer apply to me, as the Prussian order of dismissal permits my departure for Switzerland. Besides English, French, Italian, Swiss, and Prussian subjects have been continually released from Austria without any security that they would not return to the scene of action. By its consent to my journey b Switzer land the Prussian Government acknowledges that a neutral and even friendly State is not bound OS require a guarantee that an insurgent permitted to visit Switzerland should not return to the theatre of war. If, therefore, the Austrian Government will not do me the favour of tdismissing me to Swit. zerland, I shall find myself compelled by the course adopted towards me in Austria to ask that I may be specially delivered up to the Russian authorities. Without discussing whether my crossing the fron tier upon the 19th March was in the hope of finding an asylum, or whether my imprisonment in a for tress is an asylum, ani whether my repeated re quests for dismissal to Switzerland do not afford proof that I seek no asylum in this country, I trust I may be allowed to hope that the high Ministry will be graciously pleased either to assent to my departure for Switzerland, or to my being handed over to the Russian authorities." THE LIBERATOR'S LAST DAYS.—The death of that great man was attributed to various causes ; among others, to the effect which his imprisonment in 1814 had upon him, mentally and physically; and also to the influence which the disasters of his country produced upon a man of a highly impressionable nature, and one who so thoroughly identified himself with its fortunes. Then there was the sudden break up which usually takes place in men of gigantic frame and prodigious strength of intellect and body, the moment the first symptoms of decay aro manifested. The consciousness of his having been worsted—even though temporarily—in his struggle with the Government of the day, must have had a depressing effect upon the successful leader, who had so long and so justly boasted that he could " drive a coach and six through any Act of Parliament;" but the deprivation of his health ful mountain exercise, enjoyed amidst the wild and romantic scenery of his native Iveragh, must also have told terribly on his health. O'Connell de lighted in the music of his dogs, as it echoed amid the hills, and he loved the grand roar of the Atlantic, as its waves broke in thunder upon the rocky headlands that girt his home of Derrynane ; and not all the flattering addresses which he received from every parish of Ireland, not all the sympathy which was felt from one end of the country to the other for the imprisoned chief, could compensate him for those fresh breezes of the hill and the sea-shore, which made his blood dance in his veins, and his heart feel young again. Then came the failure of 1845, and the crushing of 1846, to say nothing of the struggles and contentions in which the Apostle of Moral Force was continuously en gaged with the advocates of the Sword. With the sorrows and the misfortunes of his country, a man like O'Connell could not but sympathise heart and soul ; and the contem plation of the ruin which no effort of his could either arrest or prevent, must have tended to bow his spirit and depress his vital energy. The grand old tree was struck by the lightning, and it fell with a crash to the earth, causing a shudder through the land.-21/aptire's ‘, Life o f lather Mathew." THE NEW NILE EXPEDITION under IVlis,ni is about to be accomplished. The Austrian Gotvoerthne ment has, it appears, directed its whole ,att.ention solution of the old mystery of the Canta wh ic h it does not believe completely cleared up by Speke . Not only the ammunition and arms for which Altant has asked, but a considerable amount of money out of the coffers of the State have been promised to the new explorer, TEE STATE OF NAPLES. - The following letter is is written by the special Correspondent of the Memorial Diplomatique at Naples : " For a long time I have been convinced that the National Guard of Naples is at least three-fourths Bourbonist, and as for the remainder, that it is, with scarcely one exception, anti-Piedmontist. "Every one is weary of a ruinous state of things, which does not afford even the least prospect of amelioration. Every one cries— Unity ! Fraternity ! And every one conspires to prevent this illusory unity, of which the ardent adversaries are naturally those who cry out the most loudly Unity for ever ! "The Neapolitans, whether from national indo lence, or from some other reason, want the power of initiative; but let some event come to rouse them from their torpor, you will see them all of a sudden, as if moved by an electric shock, act with a violence in proportion to the time they have remained inac tive and repressed, and now the Government, with an inexplicable want of foresiOt, has put itself the match to this mine, and given movement to the masses hitherto inert. " Yon have doubtless heard of the outbreak which took place last month in Naples, near the Porta Capuana, between the officers of the National Guard, the Canzorristi—the agents of the police—and finally some peasants, who took part in it as dilet tanti, and without party spirit. Many persons were greviously wounded. Captain Diaz and Police Inspector Santini have since died in consequence of their wounds. A prudent Government would have done all that was possible to lessen the importance of such an event, and tried to make it pass for a scuffle of thieves ;:but the consorteria, which has no satisfac tion greater than that of gratifying its hate against the Bourbonists, urged the Government to make arrests even among the officers of the National Guard, of whom eight have been already impri soned. Most of the National Guards compromised belong to the Bth Legion, and there is now to be begun a legal inquiry, which cannot fail to make noise enough, " I do not suppose that this fact alone will suffice to decide the National Guard to declare itself against the actual Government; still it cannot fail to provoke partial defections. The irritation, already very lively, which it has excited, cannot but become more envenomed ; and opposition, silent and concealed to-day, finding itself echoed by public opinion, will end by taking alarming proportions, and the more so that the National Guard was the sole support, in a moral sense I mean, which the Government had hero. Its material support was never much considered. " Moreover, the misunderstanding between the principal agents of the Government is manifest. The Prefect Affittto complains of General La Mar more, whom he wished to render responsible for the increase of brigandage, and accuses of wanting energy. It is a reproach, which the Piedmontese, and La Marmora in particular, scarcely deserve. On the other hand, the General in his turn com plains of Afllitto ; but I believe, with rather more reason, that the bad management of the civil autho rities is the true cause of the evil. The Director of the Police profits by this discordance to make self as independent as possible, and to act towards the Legitimists with as much cruelty as want of foresight. " No one can tell what may be the denouement of a state of affairs, which becomes from clay to day more precarious, but every one is convinced that at all events the statu quo cannot last any length of time." UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE, OXFORD, Nov. 10. The name of George Edmund Walker, M.A., of St. Edmund Hall, having by mistake, without any default on his part, and contrary to his wish, been removed from the books of his house, and conse quently from the register of Convocation, in a Con vocation to be holden on Friday, the 13th inst., at two o'clock, it will be proposed that the name of the above-mentioned person be restored to the register of Convocation, and that he be allowed to enjoy any right and privilege to which he would otherwise have been entitled, provided he replace his name on the books of some college or hall, and discharge all academical dues incurred since his name was removed. In the Convocation to be holden on Friday next, tha 13th inst., at two o'clock, the names of the fol io wing gentlemen, who have been nominated to the office of Public Examiners for their respective schools, will be submitted to the house :—Public Examiners—W. F. Donkin, M.A., University, and C. L. Dodgson, M.A., Christ Church, in Scientzis Mathematicis etPhysics ; G. Rolleston, D.M., Pem broke, in Scientia Naturali ; S. Owen, M.A., Christ Church, in Jurisprudentia et Historic Moderna. The Junior Proctor will receive the names of candidates for the first public examination, at Christ Church, on Saturday, November 14, from 1 till 2 o'clock ; on Monday, November 16, from 1 till 3 o'clock. The Accident to the Royal Mail Steamship Africa. An inquiry was opened yesterday in Liverpool before Mr. Raffles, the stipendiary magistrate, and Captains Harris and Baker, as nautical assessors, as to the circumstances attending the accident which happened to the British and North American Royal Mail steamship Africa. The inquiry was at the instance of the Board of Trade, which was repre sented by Mr. O'Dowd, solicitor to the Board. Mr. Squorey was in attendance on the part of owners and for Captain J. Stone ; Mr. Charles M'lvor, the managing partner of the steamship company, was also present. From the statement of Mr. O'Dowd, it appeared that the ship struck on a rock off Cape Race, between nine and ten o'clock on the evening of the 12th of October. The ship bad been built at Greenock in 1850, and was schooner rigged. Her gross tonnage was 2,226 tons, and her registered tonnage 1,216. She wag a paddle steamer, and was worked by two engines of the combined power of 800 horses. She had a crew of 130 hands, all told. Mr. O'Dowd said he was not in the habit of paying compliments, but he considered it due to the owners of the Africa to state that there was not any better managed company in the kingdom, nor were any ships better found in every respect than the vessels of this line. The Africa was commanded by Captain James Stone, who held a certificate of competency. She left Liverpool on the 3d of October, with the mails, a general cargo, and 125 passengers, and nothing of importance occurred till she struck. The first.witness called was Henry Hard graves, first officer, who had been in the company's service for eight years, and held a certificate of competency as master. At about a quarter to 10 on the night of the accident the witness noticed something white on the starboard bow, and at that instant one of the look-out men called out " breakers." This was about two minutes after the captain had left witness and gone to the saloon deck. Immediately on hearing the announcement of the breakers the witness ordered the engines to be slowed. Almost immediately afterwards she struck, but not with violence sufficient to produce a shock. The engines were put on full speed, and the vessel soon paid off and got into deep water. It was found that the fore hold had a considerable quantity of water in it. The ship got into St. John's about 2 . 30 p.m. of the 13th ult. The passengers . did not leave the ship that clay. After getting into . St. John's the ship was examined by . divers, i and it tehepals4setnhgebrys for was found that she was not materially amaged, tll Thei ll9i e i s n t a y i s s w shipe e seat v esu f v o i r u z forward ond not conclude yesterday. warded by one of the company's steamers on the 17th. The inquiry did subject of cotton cut i terc e t than tivaton hitherto. The succe ssful experiments a l rea d y made, and C OTTONT :T ex E c E it ft in u g iCE m . -- ;: o rhe ge s n l i e b r i al in th e powerful argument of 60 cents. per lb, h av i ng been oh twined in the market for some sent from Demerara, has convinced the most sceptical and faint-hearted that it is a p aying speculation, which is m ore t h an can be said of sugar planting at present. The committee of Correspondence of th© Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society have an nounced that they have imported a supply of Sea Island seed from the United States, which they will dispose of at first cost. Last week four gins were landed for plantation " Hope and Experiment," where a large cultivation of this article is springing up. The villagers aro also taking an interest in the matter and bringing their produce to town hi small quantities,—Berhee Gazette. (.170 61114 C 11111 TAT HER MAJESTY. WINDSOR CASTLE, Nov. 10, The Queen, accompanied by her Royal Highness the Princess Louise, walked and drove in the grounds yesterday afternoon. Her Serene Highness Prindess Hohenlohe, at tended by the Hon. Horatia S:opford, drove to Hampton Court. Daring the past week Mr. Frith has had the honour of sittings at Windsor Castle from their Royal Highnesses Princess Helena, Princess Louise, Prince Leopold, Princess Beatrice, the Crown Prince and Prince William of Prussia, for his pic ture of the marriage of the Prince of Wales. Mr. Henry Weigall has had the honour of sub mitting his picture of the Prince and Princess of Wales for her Majesty's inspection. Her Royal Highness Princess Helena, attended by Lady Caroline Barrington, the Hon. Mrs, Pon sonby, and Colonel H. F. Ponsonby, went to Lon don yesterday evening, and honohred the perform ance at the Olympic Theatre with her presence. Her Royal Highness returned to the Castle soon after twelve o'clock. Her Serene Highness Princess Hohenlohe Lan genburg honoured Mr. G. Kolerwein with a sitting for a full-length portrait. The Prince and Princess of Wales. SANDRINGHAM, Nov. 10. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales, the Prince Frederick of Denmark, his Serene Highness the Prince Edward of Saxe-Weimar, and party have been shooting to-day in Jocelyn's Wood. Their Royal Highnesses the Princess of Wales and the Crown Princess of Prussia, attended by the Countess of Morton and the Countess Hohenthal, drove out. The Hon. R. H. Meade left Sandringham for town. The festivities at Sandringham, in connection with the celebration of the anniversary of the birth day of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, were in the main strictly of a private character, and the large number of persons from the neigh bourhood who drove on the estate were disappointed of seeing anything except the Prince and his party, who were shooting in the neighbourhood of the hall, and who were joined by the Princess of Wales and the Crown Princess of Prussia. About four o'clock on Monday afternoon the children of the Sandringham, Wolferton, and Der singham schools sang a piece or two in front of the hall, attended by the clergy on the estate, and were afterwards provided with a sumptuous dinner in a part of the coach-houses fitted up as a dining -room. Their royal highnesses and their royal relatives manifested great interest in the proceedings, and the Prince and Princess kindly presided at the fes tive board. After their royal highnesses had re tired, and ample justice had been done to the repast, the following toasts were given and enthusiastically responded to :--" The Queen," " The Prince and Princess of Wales," " Prince Alfred and the rest of the Royal Family," " The Crown Princess of Prus sia," " General Knollys," and " The Equerries: , The cottagers and workpeople on the estate also had a dinner—Mr. Carmichael, the prince's steward, presiding. At half-past nine in the evening the approaches to the hall were filled with carriages containing visitors to an evening party given by their royal highnesses—invitations to which had been sent to the chief families of the western division of the county. The party comprised the Prince Frederick William of Prussia, Prince Frederick of Denmark, his Serene Highness the Prince Edward of Saxe-Weimar, Major Teesdale, Lieutenant-Colonel Keppel, Hon. R. H. Mead, Lieutenant-General Knollys and Mrs. and the Misses Knollys, Mr. H. Fisher, Captain Lund, Rev. G. B. Moxon, the ex• Mayor of Lynn, Mr. L. W. Jarvis and Mrs. Jarvis, Captai❑ a nd Mrs. Campbell, Mr. and Mrs. Villebois, &e., to the number of 43. Dancing was kept up with great spirit till a late hour. At the neighbouring town of King's Lynn the festivities of the day were appropriately concluded by an illumination which, for a provincial town, and taking into consideration the brief notice of the in tention of his royal highness to celebrate his birth day at Sandringham, did infinite credit to the loyalty and public spirit of the inhabitants. All the prince's tradespeople and many others illuminated, and the general effect was striking. A grand display of fireworks took place on the Tues day Market-place, and were witnessed by a vast concourse of persons. The bells of St. Margaret's Church continued ringing till a late hour, and the public rejoicings did not terminate till an early hour in the morning. THE ILLUMINATIONS. One of the most splendid illumination in the metropolis on the occasion of his Royal Highness the Pr:nee of Wales's birthday, was that of Messrs. H. Poole and Co., tailors.—The design was architectural in principle, and might, in fact, be said to represent the front of a crystal temple. Four Corinthian pillars of crystal with spiral lines of rubies supported an elliptic arch as centre, which was surmounted by the Prince of Wales' plume. The two wings, formed by a well-proportioned cornice placed on the columns, supported two lions in a recumbent position, formed of amber stones ; they were not merely outlined, but actually moulded to the shape of the animals, and were beautifully executed and very effective in position. Beneath the centre arch a beautiful oval shield was placed, sur rounded by the rose, thistle, and shamrock, and having in the centre the royal initials, " A.E.," reversed, and " A." in the centre, most chastely worked in colours—the shield itself being surmounted by a glory in crystal glass : and beneath the cornice of each of the two wings a splendid star of Hanover was placed—the whole forming a chaste, well-balanced, and effective design. In addition to this grand centre-piece, the two wings of Mr. Poole's house were covered by a very bold design in glass, also represent ing the shields of the arms of Denmark and England, sur rounded by the most effective wreaths of laurel leaves, in many shades of green glass, which has ever appeared in an out-door illumination. The Duke and Duchess of Argyll arrived in town on Monday night from Inverary Castle, Argyllshire. The Duke of Newcastle has arrived at Thomas's Hotel, Berkeley-square, from Clamber, Worksop. The Duke of Sutherland left town yesterday for Trentham, Stafforshire, to meet the duchess and family on their arrival from Lilleshall, Salop. The Marquis of Hartington will return to town to-day to attend to his official duties at the War-oftlce. The Earl Granville entertained the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Earl de Grey, and other members of the Cabinet at dinner last evening at his house in Bruton-street. Viscount St. Vincent arrived in town yesterday from his seat in Kent. The Baron de Heeckeren de Wassenaer has left Brown's Hotel, Lord Brougham left town yesterday for Paris, on his way to Cannes, f or the winter. Sir Norman Lockhart has left Farrance's Hotel for Paris, on hi s way to Egypt. The Chancellor of the Exchequer arrived at big residence on Carlton. terrace, yesterday, from Hawarden Castle, Chester. Mrs. Gladstone and Miss Gladstone did not come to town with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, but wilt remain at Hawat den Castle, Sir Stephen Glynne's seat, during the sojourn of Mr. Gladstone in London. MADAME DE LAMARTINZ.—A new publication IS talked of in Paris as shortly about to appear, entitled " Madame de Lamartine." It is not only to give a por traiture of the late wife of the poet, but t ome of her own literary productions. THE NINTH EDITION OF M. RENAN'S " LIFE or JESUS "is now in tho press. M. Renan is very busy with a companion volume to this work, which is to contain the LIVES OF THE APOSTLES. The Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cara" bridge, havo presented the Rev. George Moreton M.A., fellow of that s o cia W y, to the viearage of hitkirk, near Leeds. Platt, ALFRED DE VIGNY'S POSTHUMOUS WORKS will shortly appear. The late poet has left the copyright of bis published, as well as his unpublished, works to his friend, M. Louis Eatisbonne, the translator of Dante, and author of the " Comedie Enfantine •" and it may be safely con.jec tured that M. Ratisbonne will not keep his friend's literary legacy in his desk longer than is necessary. xc the Ba anziet garded taentio at tha. wheth 4 Vith(LT and i Idea 1 instead First t relucta current The gold at Thel the for Sir I of Taal Tootal, north- have jc Land a The to-day of iner Xl,OOO Preside the an Issue of tnium c In the Old s h e Propose the rest count evinced for by subject At t] Reuter' were 6' An i to-day few apt prices that ti necessa i❑ theil 02,1 1 for the Annuit nuities touched Pressior fl.facec 391. The a PPetira ceptible the pro ar e 7 01 a. 39 -4 , Parlisb New Ec e"fede The bel have ah~ Great V W eSten 8011th E Th e : aid bar, Bank shares 68 . 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