The Sun. — London, England, 1854-10-19 00:00:00

MONEY MARKET ~F: (jOIII.2IIERCIAL IIVTELLIGENCE. CITY, 'MO O'CLOCK. sir The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday were estimated at 7,000 hales, including 1,500 American taken for export and on s peculation. The market was rather heavy, without change in prices. The sales comprised 6,000 American, 240 Pernam and Maranham at Gad. to 'lid., 300 Egyptian at 51d. to Bd., 500 Surat at 22d. to 4id., and 40 Sea Island at 11d. to is. 7d. per lb. Railway Shares were dull at lower prices. The sales of wheat in the towns which govern the official return, were last week 151,870 qrs., and the six weeks' average price is 555. Bd. per quarter. There arrived yesterday in the Thames from abroad 59 ships, besides 4 from Ireland, and 17 FOREIGN. - 61 - 30 d— i P ... - p 1 3 -24 33i -- 33 i - 3 41 - 01 8- 7 ; 11 9d 11 9d i iP k iP 17i -- 18 in r ar -- 2 .." par id, P 2 . dig 5 - si 3 3i 1 -lb , ---• •• d i•P IP '"... .. -- 7i - 3 iii = iii 124 - t'9.144 1 LILVAZO. 50 colliers. 50 The stoppages at Liverpool are still the subject p of much conversation here, and we regret to say, f () although circumstances certainly would warrant it, 2 60 that there is very little sympathy e xpressed among 5 more cautious mercantile men. They deprecate 25 the recklessness of those parties who bring into ,_,Sz‘t disrepute the commercial standing of Liverpool, and' st stamp it with too much of the former Yankee go a-head principle, which is becoming unpopular even 25 in America. Indeed if we look to the wholesome St. warnings of the New York press, we shall find 70 that it neglects no opportunity to inculcate caution st. and expose over -trading. We would affect no sem- 1.0 blance of commercial puritanism, nor argue for a St. moment that speculation must not, to a certain St. extent, e nter into all mercantile dealin g s. The t. advantage of consumers is concerned in energy and St. in a fair risk of capital, and we should never desire St. that undue restraint should be imposed ; but we 12 do think, in the interest of those who are trading 50 fairly upon their own means with such moderate amount of Bank assistance as is requisite, that ss: every mere adventurer, as well as every party who, with moderate resources, aims at establishing an 20 enormous business in an incredibly short space of Bt u time, there should be more frequently a check im- St posed upon such practices. The drawing and re 20 drawing of bills without any security offered, in fact- e r , mere accommodation paper, ought to excite the sus- S . picions of the local banks, especially where it is so 5 4 ( 6 1 easy to trace the origin of th e p ersons concerned in its 25 manufacture. Even if the firm has been long and 25 honourably known, and has earned a character by 812 , former consistent trading to its full share of sup- St. port and accommodation, suspic ions must arise 55,t5 when its bills multiply, and it departs from its 25 usual method of doing business, by giving '1 and taking longer credits than usual. 2r What is publicly s t a ted now with regard to to the system of buying and selling ships at 20 Liverpool is enough to account for any such casu alties as those which have lately occurred ; but we feel a special satisfaction in believing, from the opinions we have heard expressed by Liverpool men themselves, that such speculative transactions do not find countenance except in a few quarters there, and that, on the contrary, a jealousy has existed upon seeing parties of inadequate means outstripping the sound trader, and apparently snaking a rapid fortune under the unfair competi tion which his facilities enable him to originate. Money continues in fair request, but is expected to become easier shortly. No important change occurred in the quotations for bills of exchange upon the principal cities of the Continent on Tues day. Paper at 90 days was quoted 25 35 to 37i on Paris, 11 18 to 181 on Amsterdam, 13 62 to 7 on Hamburgh, 11 48 to 54 on Trieste, and 1181 to 118 k on Frankfort. For Mexican dollars, which are flat, no price is quoted, and the gold per Queen of the South has been sent into the Bank of England as the only de mand is for that containing over 20 dwts. of silver per lb. According to the returns given in the Banker's Circular, the aggregate average circulation of the Joint-Stock Banks of England and Wales, during the week to the 30th ult., was 3,077,3761., being a slight increase over the previous week. Of the private banks, during the same period, the total issues were 3,737,6971., which is a decrease of about 40,0001. compared with the previous week. The English Stock Market has been without any improvement, and the business doing is principally for immediate transfer, the supply of stock being so far equal to the demand as to prevent any rally. There aro many opportunities just now of tempo rarily investing money which seem to offer more inducement, and even the loaning of capital at short dates involves less risk of fluctuation and loss. The advance in the corn market gives a handle likewise to those who feel disposed to operate for lower currencies ; for although the en hanced price of wheat at present chiefly benefits the farmers, not having occasioned large exports 1 . I of bullion, it may promote purchases of foreign grain. Consols have been 94ff 2, and since 94i 11. 2 2 ( 1, The account prices have been 94i The New 31 2 6 per Cents. have realised 9245 and the Three per 2 0 Cents 93k to is. Bank Stock has been at 2081 to 20 210. Exchequer Bonds are 99 1 20 100 In the foreign market, t he dealin g s have been at prices slightly in favour of buyers. Mexican Bonds 100 have been quoted, however, at 238 1, ex dividend, 2 0 which is some improvement. Spanish 3 per cents. 2:, have been 37i The Turkish scrip has been flat 25 at 21 to 2i premium. A bar g ain is noted in Rus- 25 sian 4i . ; per cents. at 85. 100 The following are the nominal prices of foreign stocks :—Grenada Deferred Bonds, 52 to 61 ; Mexi- 2 100 ca n, 231 to 2 3 1 ; Pe ruvian, 71 to 73 ; ditto, 0 3 per Cents., 51 to 53 ; Portuguese 4 per Cents., 40 to 42 ; Russian 5 per Cents., 96 to 98 ; ditto, 20 41 per Cents., 84 to 86 ; Spanish New Deferred, 188 to IE4 ; ditto. 3 per Cents., 37 to 38 ; ditto, 100 Certificates, 5 to 51 ; ditto, Passive, 4 i to 4 2. The eighth issue of Mr. Mihill Slaughter's Rail- 100 way Intelligence, for the year en din g the 30th Sep- ill tember, 1854, fully maintains the compiler's repu tation for both industry and accuracy. There is 20? j scarcely anything in the matter of railway statistics 100 0 2 which the work does not contain , a nd the p eculiar facilities possessed by Mr. Slaught e r in his official 5 connection with the Stock Exchange have been 20 made available to the utmost. The September returns of the traffic up on the 4 eleven great central railroads of France g ive a total 2') receipt of 17,199,883 francs, or nearly 2,000,000 20 f ranc s more tkan in the corresponding mont h of E 1853. 331) Th e returns of the English lines for the wee k, as 10 below given , contrast favourabl y with the like date of 1853. The Lond on and North Western shows 20 an increase of about 3,0001., the Brighton of 20 2001 2,000/., the M idland of 1,7001., the Southeastern 20 stern is of 1,0001., the C aledonian of 1,., Northern. of 3,000 1 ., and the North Eastern of 3,5001. The last week's railway receipts ascertained up to this day are in round figures as under 1853. 20 1854. North-Western South-Western Bright Midland. South-Eastern Caledonian Great Northern... 22,113 19,012 2' North-Eastern The Railway Share Market has been heavy, without any general change in values. Caledonian t ) have been depressed a little, and Lancashire and Yorkshire and Midland have drooped. The foreign lines have been mostly nominal. Great Western of Canada are firm. The Santiago de Cuba Mine shares are rather worse, the Joint -Stock Banks are dull, the Crystal Palace is without alteration, and Scottish Austra lian Investment are scarcely supported. 20 20 10 10 St. 10 St. 25 10 5 20 20 BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY.—CLOSING PRICES. ( Prom the ()Pica Lig. ) En - iness done. Bank Stock ............. .......................... 208 i 10 3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities .............. 93i 3 per Cent Consols Annuities ................ B4i 4 New 3 per Cent. Annuities .................. 93;i Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan., 1860 ..• 4 5-16 i Ditto 30 Years, Expire 10th Oct., 1859. 4 316 1-16 3-16 Ditto 30 Years, Expire sth Jan., 1860... 4 9-16 India Bonds, £lOOO .......,.. ................. . 7 10 Ditto, under £lOOO .................. 94i ... .. ...... 7 10 Consols for Account 14th Nov. . ............ Exchequer Bills, 2id. 'lOOO ........................ . ..... .... 7 P Small ................... . _ .................. 4 P ~ Exchequer Bonds 058, 3i per Cent. ...... 99, : i I Ditto 1859, ...... 99,1- i PRICE OF FOREIGN,, FUNDS THIS DAY• x. d Mexican 3 per Cent. ........................... 23i Peruvian 3 per Cent. .......................... 52i Russian Bonds, 1822, 5 per Cent. £ St ..... 96 Ditto 41 per Cent. .............. ... .......... 85 Spanish H4oads. 3 p,r Cent .. ................... 37 -' y „ kl3 t. Lo New Defirre a , 3 per Cent ........... 1t..,/, arll6crip 6 per cent ....................... ~.tl) L Dividends on the above payable in London. THREE O'CLOCK. Consols Pi-S-tt, g-9—TllOOl k 4 09 . 11 . rtepti,„••..--1 ;44 50 50 100 10J 20 50 20 25 3,) 100 Aberdeen ,,..... 8. A .ra bg. liottng Bost:, and East!. ,Tunct... all Belfast & Ballymena . all Binning. Wolvorh. Stour Valley ...... `.29 .-lirkenhd. Lancsh. & Ch es hi r e Junct ..... . all Do. Chesil. is Birk., £5O nnd ,25 Cons. 19 0., £20... - ..... - 30 Myth &Tyne ori, Via' £25 (issd. at .C4sj 00 Bristol and Exet 0r... 100 _laledonian. ....... A!. • 21s. ICA' martinis aud. c . :ax -__ . 21 - 22 4a 4i ••• '-'' ••• 8i - 8 12 —ll d 16i -17 i 7 - 6 ... 95 - 97 59i - 60 all Chester & 11olyhe3.11„ all Cork and Pandora all Cork, Black, & Pa.'s 14 Cornwall ............. •- • 1i Crieff Junction ..... 45 /tulAin&Belfastiuno., all DwacleoPerth&Aber deen Junction all Do. New. ...... WO East Anglian ..... ...• • all Eastern Counties , 100 Eastern Union, A Stock 10/) De., B. Stock S•!, Do., New A. :••. .00 East Lancashire .00 Edinburgh & Glasgowi 91 ; Eclinb. and Peebles 00 Eclin.Prth &Dundee, 1 , Forth & Clyd© June. LOU Glasgow &S. Weston; 100 Great Northern 100 Do., A. Stock LOU Do., B. Stock, 100 Gt. Sth. &West.(lre 100 ,Great Western 100 Do. Stour Val. Rail Gua. Stk all Irish South-Eastern. all Lancaster & Carlisle 14 Do., Ildrds 4 Do. New Thirds 00 Lancaslhand.Yorksh 194 Do., Fifths 114 Do., Wst. Riding Un all LivCrsby.&Southnt all Loudon & Blackwal 100 Loud. Bright & S.Cst. 100 Loud. and N. Westn 12 Do. Fifths 1 Do.lo/. Sh.,M&B 24 Do. Eighths 00 London andS. Westu 421 Do., 151) 34 Do., 140 all landrry& Coleraine all Liadndm . & Ennisk. 00 Mancli.Shef.& Linch; Do., Man. &Lin. Un 00 Midland .00 r /o. Birmn g. & Derb all lid/A.G. West. (Irs.) 22 Do. Half Shares 311 • Newcastle & Carlisle 54 Nowmkt.BuryEsten. 19 r .Nwpt.Aberg. at Lied 3 Newry & Enniskillen all Newry Warreupoint and Rostrevor Norfolk :3t N'orthn.Counties Un. .00 North British ally North Devon, No. I.' all Do., No. 2 all r; A Deferred all Do., ¢ B Guaranteed 01) N. Eastern—Berwick 20 Do. do. Extension 13 7), ~do. G.N.E.Purch. all De. Le•A , s 100 Do. York all North London 8 Do. New XlO &S.Wstru. ,Hamp stead, and City Jn 17 : North Staffordshire , al; ';orth Western all . &S. West n. June, 1 Nuneaton, Hinckley and Leicester 1k • Word, Worcester, & :Volverhampton 4 '7ortsmouth 0, • ;sottish Central ScottishMidlaud all Stirewsby. & Herald all Shropshire Uniofnll Do. A, B, C,& paid up at per ceo• . all South Devon 00 South Eastern all South Wales 3. Yrksh. & Riv. Dm - 15 - 12 8 - 1.0 GA - 11 : 114 ... """'' ••• 6 .. -: 68 55 - 67 22 24 = r - 38 - 89 i 73 - 7 5 124 - 126 90 -92 70i 71 69 - 71 - 82 8 - 100 8 - 10 71i - 71 5t 8 84 103 105 1001 4 101 d Sly —82 i, I 9 Si 8 (1 - 24 68 4O - . -- •• .- • • I d g 2! 2 5 48 i 0 3i 8 34 36 10 75 ei 14 -- 53 - 4 i d P 7 32 - 54 4 61 - 63 Ei 46 -48 13 - 62i - 324 - t - 5 Do 8 4taines,Wok &Wol: all tockton & Barba_. 16, itoekton & Hartlepl. 1.00 Call' Vale 9 Do. £lO shares 1.00 Do. Pref., No. 1 21 ftamcs Haven Dock and Railway all Vale of Neath all Waterfd. & Kilkenny all Waterford&Limeriek is West Cornwall. 3 West End of London and Crystal Palace all West Loudon , 1133. Witubledn &Croydon 35 - 17i 4i - 21 - all Antwerp&notterdarn 3 Belgian Eaatn. June. S Beziers to GraiSSOSne 2s. Bombay, Baroda, and Central India,Scrip Central of Italy all Demerara 14 Dijon and Besancon 9 Dutch Rhenish . all Eastern of France 10 Do. New.. all East Indian... : 2 Do Extension all Do. p. c. Bds., pay. '57, convertible all Do. do. do., '59, d 10 Gd. Janet. of Fiance 12 Gd. Tk of Canadal is. all Do. do all Do. St. Lawrence & -.. _ Atlantic A do. all Do. Cert. of Deben con. into Stk. till '6f all Do. Comp. 6p.c. , do 10 Gt. Contral of France all Gt. Indian Peninsula 1 1)o. New 5 per cent. all Gt. W estern of Canada Shares ... ........... all Do. Bils., payablo's7, with option till '55.. all Do. do., '62, P. '56... all Do. do., '76, p. '60... all Do. do., '73, without option all Hamilton SL Toronto) all Do. 6 per cent. 8 Lake Cone. k, Basle all Lucca & Pistoja 5 p.c. Prof 12 Great Luxembourg Constituted Shares all Do. Obligations 0 Lyons and Geneva 1? Lyons & Mediterran. 161 Madras 2 Do. New h 311 Maria Antonia all Do. do. New 2 Nielbourne Dk. &Ry all Namur & Liege (with' interest) all Do. (ex interest) all Northern of France 1 all Do .2 t..l L Shs.late Char leroi and Erquelinei guAr. 31 P. c. & red. at 22 1. dur. 88 yrs. from IJan. 1854.... all Do — . 20/. 3 p. c Bch , . (fmy . B. & A.ms.Shs. ) all NorwegianTrunkPree 14 Paris and Lyons all Ditto Bonds all Paris and Orleans.... all Paris and R0uen...... 10 ParisCaen &Cherbrg all Rouen and Havre 20 Royal Danish 3 Royal Swedish all Sambre and Meuse._ all Do. 54. p. cent. Prof. 10 Southern of France 14 St. .Andrew's and Quebec (A), . all West Flanders a ll Do 5 per c. Prof 10 WeFtern of France I'l West. of Svritzerlan , all Wiesbaden .......•., `./.0 Zealand , JOINT-STOP all A.ustra lasia ............ all British Colonial Bank and Loan Company all British N. American 5 Chartd. Bank of Asia 2 Chrtd. Bnk. of India, Australia, & China 25 Colonial 20 Commercial of Lond 16 English Scottish and Australian all Lond. Chart. Bk. of Australia 20 London and County 1.0 London Joint Stock 20 Loud. & Westminster 35 National Provincial of England 10 Do. New National of Ireland all New South Wales all Oriental Bank of Corporation 25 Provincial of Ireland all Do. Now 1 Royal Aro;traln.l3l:.g impCo all south Australia a ll 'Union of Australia 2iDo. New 11) Doucloa..„, ~~ SHARE 'MARKETS. (THII DAY.) BRITISH RAILWAYS. (Closing Prides this day. 11118131011 01le this AV. THE SUN LONDON THURSDAY EV , ,ENI_NG, OCTOBER 19, 18b4 , LINES LE.L;S/ED AT FL ED B.ENTALIS. Leasing Compass London at N. West. L. dtli.W Cal•d•n... C. 1.10 (sins Prices this day. •. • 165 9! - 101 ;t.Nrthn. )aldoniaul 1 36 - 118 D. Gt. Weetn Yk. New. & Berw. Y.StNladi tDo ii :1 - ii Easte: 'lots k IN, iNorfolk L. St, N. W. Ilidld.i IStekton & Daiiingt xd I 50 !E. Count. Do 'Do di n I 20 12. 25 'L. & N.W &Ln&Yk Do Gt Northn Lancash& Yorksh. .4.3lClean Stockt. & Darlingt Do. GtWestn . x in I 101. - 10$ 61 - 52 26 -25 i 13 - 136 23 -24 111 - 111 30 20 1 1 40 5 St. 25 Business this day. ~a r o t f on „:- SUN OFFICE, Secs r& o'Clock. TAT TER S 2i - 21 (THIS EVENING.) iii :: k 11564 CAMBRIDGESHIRE STAKE :S. 9to 2 agst Orinoco (5 to 1 taken). 11 to 2 agst Rattle (offered). 12 to 1 agst Scherz (taken). 100 to 6 agst Hervine (taken). 20 to 1 agst Stonehenge (taken). 25 to 1 agst Barrel (offered). 100 to 1 agst Monie Moses (offered) 500 even between Orinoeo and Rattle 58 - 60 DERBY. 30 to 1 agst Oulston (taken). 33 to 1 agst Wild Dayrell (taken). i;--139 MORE OFFICERS DEAD. Official intelligence was received yesterday, at the War-office, of the deaths of the following officers in the Crimea►, in addition to those who fell in the battle of the Alma : - - ii —. lid 30 ... - ii 93 - 95 Lieut.-Colonel William Francis Hoey, of the 30th Re ;invent. Captain John A. Freeman, of the Scots Greys ; Captain Longmore, of the Bth Hussars ; Captain the Hon. C. L. Hare, of the 7th Fusiliers. Lieutenant and Adjutant Thomas Irwin, of the 13th Light Dragoons ; Lieut. Ramsay Wardlaw, of the 19th Foot. Ensign Wm. Fred. Phipps, of the 19th Foot ; Ensign Wm. Y. Johnston, of the 30th Foot. Quartermaster John Lehay, of the 4th Foot. 136 7 GERMANY. 1 pm A letter from Berlin, of October I'3, in Voss's Gazette, says : The Government of Mexico has just notified to Prussia and Saxony that iL intends putting an end to the treaties of commerce and navigation at present exhtting between them, so that these treaties will be brought to a close in the month of October next. However, the Mexican Government has offered Prussia and Saxony to negotiate new treaties of the same kind as those which are about to expire, but on new conditions." 7 2 • PROPOSED ORDERS TO THE ARMY BE FORM COMMENCING SIEGE OPERA TIONS AT SEBASTOPOL. : MINES. 1391 d's BIVOITAO ET FRONT OF SEBASTOPOL, October 2, Nine a.m. The trenches will be opened this evening against Se bastopol ; a working party, consisting of —, furnished by the --, will be marched to the engineers' depot at p.m., where, they will receive tools and directions from the engineers' officers and sappers, who will guide them to the works ; they will be without arms and ac coutrements. The guard for the protection of the work ing and ground will consist of --, furnished by —, and will parade in their camp at p.m., be conducted to their positions, posted and receive instructions from staff officers who will be assembled for the purpose. All the movements of the parties must be, if possible, kept out of view of the place. After moving from their last place of assembly, which will be after dark, the utmost silence must be preserved, and the least possible noise of any kind made. The work ing parties will be arranged in proper order by the engi neers, but will not commence work till ordered, after which it must be carried on with the greatest energy. The engineers will be charged with the arrangements, but the officers of the troops must be responsible for the maintenance of order and attention to the directions given by the engineers, and for the amount of work done ; on diligence and regular conduct of the work ing parties will depend more rapid and complete suc cess of the enterprise. The working parties must not quit the works on slight alarms. If the enemy make a sortie, the guard will advance and drive th em in, and befo re , they reach the work, if possible ; should the working party be absolutely obliged to retire, they will take their tools with them, and re-form a short distance in rear to return to the work when the sortie is repulsed. The guard will be posted in rear of the working party, and near to it, if possible, under cover from the fire of the place ;if not they must lie down order of battle, with accoutrements on, and each man with his firelock close by him—one party, not less than one-third of the forces, absolutely on the alert all through the night, taking it alternately, ready for an immediate rush on the enemy. A sortie is out and on the works in a very short time, and therefore the guard must be in immediate readiness to attack it without hesitation ; nothing is so easily de feated as a sortie, if charged without delay. After the repulse of any sortie, the guard will return under cover as soon as possible, and resume their position. All working parties and guards will be composed of entire regiments, or parts, and not of detachments, made up of different corps. Ei Si 3 29 GERMAN POLITICS. AUSTRIA VERSUS PRUSSIA.. The Ministerial organs are very indignant when any doubt is suggested of the good faith or trustworthiness of Austria. Yet how is it possible for any one whose memory reaches twelve months backward to place confi dence in that Government ? Is the fraternisation of Francis Joseph and Nicholas at Olmutz already for gotten ? During the brief period which has since elapsed Austria has turned from being a friend to being an enemy of Russia. May it not hare turned back again by this time next year ? There is as old French pro verb which says that—on revient toujours h ses premiers amours. It is a curious fact that when the Oriential question was first raised Prussia leant more to the Western Powers than to Russia ; Austria more to Russia than to the Western Powers. Now Austria has all but declared war against Russia, while Prussia has become its tool. A brief review of political movements in the interior of Germany may perhaps help to explain this game of " change corners." What is called the Germanic Confederation is sup posed to be governed by the Diet at Frankfort. But since the Revolution of 1848 the Dist has become a mere name. When Austria and Prussia concluded their treaty of the 21st of April last, they intimated it to each State of the Confederation separately, asking their ad hesion. When reminded that it ought to have been pre sented to the Diet, they stated that unless they could previously obtain the adhesion of all the Governments, it was not their intention to bring the matter before the Diet at all. This was tantamount to a declaration that Austria and Prussia no longer regarded the Diet as a reality, and were determined to negotiate with each State apart. Previous to the revolution of 1848, Austria and Prus sia were contented to' be rivals for ascendancy in the Diet. In 1848 the King of Prussia gave a broad hint that he was willing to take part in the Frankfort Parlia ment, on condition that it would make him Emperor of Germany. In this aspiration he was foiled by Austria. The revolution was soon after put down. The Diet had become a laughing-stock. Prussia and Austria removed their contest into another field. Their struegle recommenced in 1850, in the conven tions of the Zollrereia. Austria claimed to be admitted, with all its territories, into that league, and was opposed by Prussia. Austria instigated the four kingdoms— Bavaria, Hanover, Saxony, and Wurtemberg, the two Grand Duchies, Hesse and Baden, the Electorate of Hesse, and the duchy of Nassau—to coalesce for the purpose of compelling Prussia to yield to the claims of Austria. The result was a compromise. The Zoll verein was renewed on its old footing, and concluded a treaty of commerce with Austria. The combination formed by the minor German states, named above, was not dissolved when this contest ended. They held together both in the Zollverein and the Diet. They continued to be friendly to Austria and hostile to Prussia. The latter Government complained bitterly of their animosity. When the Oriental question was first raised, as has already been observed, Austria leant to the side of Russia, Prussia to that of the Western Powers. Austria endeavoured to obtain the adhesion of its old friends of the coalition. Saxony, the antes (lames of Austria, was gained at once. M. de Beust, the Saxon Minister of Foreign Affairs, repaired to Munich to canvass the other governments for Austria. But Bavaria had a separate game to play ; King Otho was threatened by France and England, and Bavaria gave to understand that its alliance must be bought by supporting King Otho. Neither Prussia nor Austria could bleinduced to commit themselves to so hopeless and discreditable a cause, and Bavaria resolved to stand aloof from both, and persuaded the associate governments to do the same. Thus stood matters when the Austro-Prussian treaty of April2l was concluded. The eight confederates agreed to meet at Bamberg on the 25th of May,to consult as to what course they should adopt in the event of the treaty being submitted to the Diet for its adhesion. By this time Prussia had advanced pretty far in its wheel round from the West ersi Powers to Russia'. The end of May was marked, by the recal of M. de Bunsen from London, the resigna tion of M. de Bonin, Minister of War, and this r esignation of his military appointments by the Prince of Prussia. The Liberals were evidently smitten hip and thigh in the Prussian Cabinet; and from that moment the Bam berg Conference—the coalition which had been called into existence by Austria to thwart Prussia —began ti take part with the latter. The sole contest between Prussia and Austria is for the mastery in Germany. To gain a chance of annexing the Wallachian principalities Austria has for the time joined the Western Powers, and its German adherents have transferred their all eg i ance t o Prussia. H ence it comes that we now hea r A us t r i a bullying the minor German States, and telli ng th em plainly that unless when following in its w a k e th ey are n othing. The whole affair is a squabble amongs t dynasties. The voice of Germany is n o t h ear d ; th e i n terests of Ger man y -.are not thought of. Th e P russ i an Government ai ms at becoming maste r o f a ll G ermany , by the aid of Russia. The Austrian G overnmen t h opes to annex a few of the German minor States if a war break out in Germany. The Bavarian G overnmen t see k s to p r op up the rick ett y throne of Austri a . P ersona l an d f am ily aims engros s all of these crowned h ea d s . The consequenc e of a ll t hi s t urmo il s eems likely to be that Germany will aga i n b e ma d e the battle - field of a war in which it h as no concern. Th e Oriental contro versy ought to b e f oug ht out i n t h e Russian dominions , but the war is likely t o ex t en d t o G er many. There is P help for the Germ a ns i n th e i r rinces—how can the y help themselves ? Austria, am ong 37, 000 , 000 of sub jects has only 7,000,000 G ermans . Of the nominal Prussians the Rhine P rov i nces h ave only been subject to the Court of Berli n s i nce 1815 . They have less in common with th e o ld su bj ects of P russ ia than any other Germans. They h ave no i nterest i n th e extension of the Prussian dominio n . Th e populat i ons o f the other Ger man States hav e no w i s h to b e su bjected either to Prussia or Austria. B u t h ow are a ll these Germans to help themselves I The Diet—even when it was more than a name —was the representative and organ of the courts, not of the peoples, of Germany. The Frankfort Parliament had neither money nor armies. But a Frank fort Parliament, allied with an energetic and ambitious German Prince, could do something. Austria is the type of the old German aristocracy. Bavaria is priest ridden. Prussia has abdicated its place as the head of the party of p rogress i n G ermany . What German Prince will bid f or th e t h rone o f a c onsolidated German monarchy ? The o ffi ce may b e s et up to auction ere many month s elapse. --Daily News. POSITION OF THE ALLIES BEFORE SEBASTOPOL.. The Duke of Cambridge's division, consisting of the Guards and Highland Brigade, remained in the rear of the army near Balaklava until the 2d of October, in order to cover the base of operations from the possibility of an attack. Meanwhile, the roads and tracks through the hilly country south of Khutor Mackenzie, by which the allied armies made their flank march on Balaklava, have been broken up and put into u state of defence by the British forces. The right flank of the army is effectually coveted by the defile leading into the valley of the Tchernaya by that stream, and by the marshy ground about it ; and so satisfied was Lord Laglan on the Ist of October of the strength of this position, that he caused the First Division to advance to the right of the army, and to take up the position it will occupy during the siege. The Valley of Inkerman is a deep ravine about one mile in breadth, formed by the stream of the Tcher naya before it falls into the western extremity of Se bastopol harbour ; this valley is, in fact, the continua tion of the deep inlet by which the harbour itself is formed. On the eastern side of this ♦alley the ruins of Inkerman still retain traces of the fortifications erected by the Greeks or the Genoese on this position ; and, for the defence of Sebastopol against an attack by land, these heights' ought to have been crowned with strong batteries, which would haveerendered the place almost impregnable, since they would have en filaded the whole position now occupied by the be sieging armies. This precaution appears, however, to have been neglected. Along the course of the valley, and parallel with the stream of the Tchernaya, runs the aqueduct which supplies the docks and part of the town with fresh water ; and so abruptly do the rocks rise over the ravine on the western side, that, on turning towards the harbour, this aqueduct is carried through a tunnel in the freestone rock 300 yards in length. Rather more than a mile to the south of this tunnel, and upon a height which rises almost perpendicularly above the valley, the First Division of the British army has taken up its position. It forms, therefore, the extreme right of the whole allied forces, and it is protected by a steep wall of rock, which is inaccessible to the enemy. We presume that the ground thus occupied is beyond the range of any guns which the Russians might be able to mount on the opposite side of the valley, which is still for the present in their possession. The French army • occupies the left of our position, and extends to the coast immediately south of Sebastopol, where the deep and navigable bays offer the greatest facilities forlanding the siege-train and the stores of our allies ; some delay has nevertheless taken place in this operation. On the 3d no regular attack had begun on any part of the place, but the booming of heavy guns from the forts of Sebas topol sounded like the prelude to the tremendous strug gle which was about to commence, and showed that the enemy were resolved and prepared to offer a stren ' nous defence of the place on every side. Prail.l RAILWAY& all Bedford and Matchley . 100 •uckgliamsh. 100 Clydesdale Jc, 1.00 N. Lincoln gr. 6 per cent. all las. Barr. & Neils. Direct all Do. New all Glstr.& Dn. Fr all Hrtlpl. Dk. & Railway all Hull & Selby all Do. Shares. all Do. d Shares. all • . & Greenw o. Preference, all en. , Til.,& 100 Lowestoft gr.' 4 per cent. WO Do. G per ct. all Manch. BAIL and Matlock all Aiddleabro' & Redcar all nidld Bradfil all Northern and Easlirrnsp.c. all Do. 6 per ct. all Do. Fiacds p all Prest. & Wyre all Do. 1.00 18i; Goole g. 5 p.c. .9A, S. Stafforash.. all Wear Valleygr 6 per cent.... sll IDo 100 Wilts&Somrst, MARBAT v Ews-(THIS DAY.) ' CORN EXCHANGE. GENERAL AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH CORN For tha week ended Oct. 19, 1854, made up from the Returns of the Inspectors in the different Cities and Towns in England and Wales per Imperial Quarter. WILEAT. BARLEY. OATS. ETS. t REARS. t PEAS. 573 Od 30s 61 25s 4d j 343 8d I • 44a 4.1 39s Od TIIE SIX WEEKS' AVERAGE. WHEAT. BARLEY, OATS. I aim BEAM. PEAS. 553 ad 29s 9d 25s 8d 1 353 6d 44s 4d ; 37s 8d DUTIES ON FOREIGN CORN. WHEAT. I BARLEY. OAT I S. EY I BE. O EANS. num. Is Oct is Oct 15 Od Is Od Is d lis Oct QUANTITIES OF GRAIN SOLD LAST WEEK. Wheat, 151,870; Barley, 35,e18; Oats, 15,483 ; Eye, 710 ; Beans, 4,577; Peas, 1,114 quarters. MEAT MARKETS. NIWGITE AND LEADENHALL.—About an average busi ness was transacted, as follows :—Beef, from 3s 2(1 to 4s 4d; Mutton, 38 4d to 4s 6d ; Veal, 3s 4d to 4s 4d ; Pork, 3s 6d to 5s 2d per 81bs by the carcase. SOUTHALL, O ct. 18.—Although the business doing to day was seasonably extensive, no advance can be noticed in prices. Beef, from 3s 6d to 4s 8d ; Mutton, 3s 6d to 43 10.1 ; Veal, 3s 4d to 4s 4d ; Pork, 3s 8d to 4s Ed per 81b, to sink the offals. ROMFORD, Oct. 18.—Our market is steady, and the quo tatioes are well supported. Beef, from 3s 6d to 4s 10d; Mutton, 3s 6d to 5s Od ; Veal, 3e itd to 4s2d ; Pork, 3s 4d to ta 8d per Blbs. Quarter old Store Pigs, 21s to 27s each. HAY MARKETS. SMITfiFIELD.--Meadow hay, 3/ Os to 4/ 101 ; clover ditto, 4/ Os to 6/ Cs; and straw, 1/ 5s to 1/ 12s per load. Trado steady. CUMBERLAND.—Meadow hay, 3/ Os to 41 121; clover ditto, 4/ 03 to 5/ 15s ; and straw, 1/ 6s to 1114 s per load. A moderate supply and a fair demand. WHITEcHAPLL.—AIeadOW bay, 31 Oa to 41 103; clover ditto, 4/ 03 to 6' Os ; and straw, 1/ Os to 1/ 11s per load. Trade tolerably firm. ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITIITION.—A. grand enter. tainment, under the auspices of the Earl of Shaftesbury, is to be given this evening at the above institution, for the purpose of assisting in the good work of those who are now actively engaged in raising a fund for the wives a nd families of the soldiers, sailors, and marines vela° may fall in the present war. As the entire prcceed• of the evening are to be devoted to this laudable object, the occasion is certainly one which calls for a large mount of sympathy mid Import. THE PATRIOTIC FUND. ST. PANCRAS.--.Yesterday a meeting of the local authorities of St. Pancras was held in the Court-house, King's-road, Camden-town. Mr. Farrer, churchwarden, took the chair. A. committee was appointed, and up wards of twenty-five guineas were collected. The churchwardens are the treasurers. LIVIRPOOL, Wednesday.--A meeting was held to day at the Town-hall, of the magistrates and the gentle. men forming the local committee for raising subscriptions in aid of the wives and children of the soldiers serving in the army in the East, the object being to consider what steps should be taken to operate in regard to the Patriotic Fund. The Mayor presided, and after some conversation it was resolved to hold a public meeting on the subject shortly. The captain, superintendent, officers, clerks, foremen, artificers, hoymen, and labourers of the Royal William Victualling-yard, Stonehouse, have subscribed a day's pay to the above fund. At the muster of the Royal William, 120, ordinary guardship, in Ha.moaze, onTues day, Captain Kingcome, the officers, and crew, unani mously volunteered a day's pay each to the fund for the relief of the widows and orphans of the soldiers, seamen, and marines, sufferers by the present war. A letter was received on board her Majesty's ship Waterloo, at Sheerness, on Monday last, from Captain Lord Frederick Kerr, in command of that ship as flag captain, suggesting to Commander Marsh that he should be happy to head a list of subscriptions for the relief of the widows and orphans of the brave soldiers who fell at the battle of the Alma. The letter was read before the officers and men at inspection the same morning, with a request that an answer might be given the com mander by noon that day. In a very few minutes, and before the men left divisions, it was unanimously agreed to contribute one day's pay towards their relief. This was done in a most cheerful manner by every officer, man, and boy ; and we hope that many other ships will follow the example of Captain Lord Frederick Kerr, his officers, and men. TEE THEATRES. PniNczas's.—Last evening Mr. Charles Kean made I his first appearance this season as Dubose and Lesurgues, in. Mr. Reade's excellent adaptation of that ingeniously constructed and highly interesting drama, called The Courier of Lyons, when he met with an ex traordinary enthusiastic reception, consisting of upwards of four hearty rounds of applause. The liberalityof the and t as te displayed by Mr. C harles Kean, as manager Princess's Theatre, no less than his generally acknow ledged merits as a n actor, fully justified this great de monstration, and we were happy to find his honourable efforts in connection with creative and executive dra matic art so fully appreciated. The house was crowded. ST. JAmts's.-21_ new ballet, with dialogue and dramatic action, was produced at the above theatre last evening, its title being The Spanish Dancers. The author's aim apparently was to show that English dancers are in every respect as good as those of Spain. Miss Lydia Thompson came forward to vindicate the honour of British limbs, and proved to a demonstration that they are as supple—that they can move as nimbly, vigorously, and gracefully as these e ef their celebrated Southern couteinporaries—and was triumphantly suc cessful. The fair artiste, of course, could not make sense out of nonsense, but sheput suchlife and mettle into her feet as roused the enthusiasm of the spectators to the highest pitch. Miss Lydia Thompson was encored in every pas, and was unanimously called for at the termination of the ballet. lIATMARKET.—At this popular establishment, last night, after Poole's c omed y of Paul Pr y , in which Mr. ' Wright sustained the chief character in the best manner, Senora Nena Perea, the real original Spanish daeicer, whose extraordinary attraction was, we believe, the ehief cause of the Haymarket Theatre being kep p t open during the recent " dull season," reappeared in the ballet divertissement called The Star of Andalusia, and again met with the same brilliant success which had previously attended her career in d this cou rst ntry. Senora Nena, who was greatly applaued from fi to last, enchor:ti in 1 - •.«)• pz incipal .ceps, and railed for twice in the course of the eve,.ing, was, as formerly, ably sup , ported by her twelve coryphies and an efficient ors de PREFERENCE S HARES. 106 Aberdeen 100 Do. N 0.2, 7 p. c 30 Blyth and Tyne 10 per c. pref. (issd. at 500 100 Bris. & Ex. 4p. c. St. 5 Do. 4p. c. Shares 100 Caledonian £lO all Chester & Holyhead f Guar. 5i per cent all De. do. Pref. No. 2 all Do. do. Pref. No. L 1 all Cork &Bandons i I:LC 1 all Dundee Perth &Aber) deeu Junction all EastAnglian (£3los) 6 per cent all Do. (£5) 7 per cent 2 Do. (£7 17s) 7p. c all Eastern Counties Ex tension, 5 p. P.C. No. 1 all Do. No. 2 .......... all Do. New 6 p. c. Si all Eastern Union, Scrip Guar. 6 per cent all Do. 51., 10 ner cent. all Do. 101. Debentr.Sh all Do. do. 4 per cent 100 East Lancash.6 p.cts. all East and West York shire June. Fifths all Edinb Prth.&Dund , 4 per cent. 100 Glasgow &S.Western Guar. 5 per cent 100 Great Northn. sp. c. 100 Do. sp. c. Redeem., at 10 p. c. prem... I LOO Do. C!, p. c 8 Gt. N. of Scot. Ist Prel all Gt. Sontlin.&Westna. (Ireland) Eighths) 7 Do. 4 per c. Prof. St 6 Gt. Westn. (Barks & Hants Ex. 5 p. c) 100 Do. cox. red. 4 p.c. 100 Do. con. red. 4p. c. 100 D. irred. 4p.c. all Do. Birm. Prof W r. h all Do. Chester Bp. all Di. do. G p. C. di 1.0 Do. Biros. Gua. Stk. all Do. Ches. Gua. Stk. ail Do. do. d 0............ all Do. do. d•.........••• 6 Lan. & York. F. £2lO 100 Do. 6 p. c. Stock ... 100 London and Brighten Guaranteed 5 p. • ... 100 Do. Pref., sp. c. St. 100 Do. New Guar.6 p. c. 100 Lon.&N. W., Cot. 41 Nuneaton 6 p. ct. 5 London &S. Wester/ Con. Thirds all Lmalonderry& Color Shares all Candy. & Ennis. hSh all Man., Shef., & Lin. i Shares, No. 1. „, all Do. New, £lO 4 , Do. £6 all Nlarypt .& Carl. 4 p c all Do. 4A per cent 1N Do 100 Aid. Consol.O p.c.St. 109 Do. Consol. Bristol & Bina. 6 per cent.... I . lt Do. Pref. ‘q per cent 10 gorfolk Debenturo . 100 Do. Pref. 4p. c. Stock 100 Do. sp. c. Ext 100 1 Do. 5i per et.pref 100 Do. Way. Val. s p. c 100 Mortis. British 100 NT. E. Berw, 4 p.c. P 5 Do. do. do 13 Do. Leeds 6 p.c . No.l 9 Do. do. Quarters '4B l ' 10 Do.Yoril. H., k 4. P , r. all gorth Staffordshire 100 Oxford, Worcester, & Wolverh.£ls, 6 p.c. all ''cot. Cent. ,New Frei 1.0 Do. 5 per cent all South Devon li Ds. fixed, 46 per cent all S. Eastern (Reading Ann.) 4 of £1 Os. 6d. 100 D all B.oli 4 orYisphe.p. per cent c.Guar. all S Wiles Guq. 4p. c. 16 Do. do. 4h p. c.... all Stockton and Dar lington, 4 per cent 5 Do. do. do, 6 all Stockton and Hartle pool, guar. 5 p. c. till lat July, 1856 4 Waterfd.&Kilk.6p.c. 20 20 20 25 a 8 - ••• 3i- - 3 i 4 - 6 * - 11)1 - 1 p - 1 p - 13} - 24 -__ 118( or 109 99- —lOl - .., 6 - 6A 98. - 100 90 - 92 93 - 95 10 t -11 16 4, - 174 10, j 10 71 -73 19 1 -19 i 91 - - 1 i [137 --13i9 *. ••• ow ..... ••12 ~ ''''' .. 3 p l T' s 1.10 12 1L - lli t - 11, 3 7 -139 1 - ib7 90 104 106 - 94 - 3i I id. 1112 - 114 J 2 - i 3 - 14 par t 3 - 23,E 99 - 101 17 - 19 ••• ."'.. .. .•• - ..;• 2 - i i - all /iglu Fria . . all Anglo Austrin. Gold all Al I glo Californian 6 A.ustraliau all A.nstralian Cordillera all A.ustralian Freehold. Aveall Mario. all Baden (Gd.Duehy of; all Blznarvon Iron and, Coal 13.5 British Iron Brazilianlmp.(issued at E 5 pin all Do. Cocaes & Cu%axis 15 Do: St. John Del Rey Carsons's Creek Clarend a Cons. Mix Co. of Jamaica • all Cobre Copper 1 Colonial Gold all Copper Min. of Eng. all Do. Pref. 7i p. cent. 16 Copiapo ................ all English and Austin. Copper Smeltg ^Ks IFortuna all General. ................ all Gt.NuggetVeinßeg. all Great Polgooth all Liberty all Linares.. all Nfariquita ........ 9 Aexican&S.A.merien all New Granada all New Linares Mining and Smelting Co all Nouveau Monde a ll Pontgibaud Silver Lead Min. & Smelt. . 1) 1 Port Philip all Quartz Rock a ll Rhymney Iron all o. New lli Santiago de Cuba all South Australian 7i Tin Croft . all United Mexican all Waller all West Mariposa 120. Wortlaing Mining a Austrilia all Yuba LEISCELLA all !Lubin Coal and Ire 176 Aus t ra li a n Agricult. 6 Australsn.Pcific.Mai] all Australis. Royal Mai' 56 Berlin Water Works I 40 Brit. American Land' 1 Brit. & Coln. Smeltg. and Reduction Co.: 326 Canada 1.00 Canada Gov. 6 p. et Jan. and July all Crystal Palace ....... all Crystal Pal. of France 5 Eastern Steam 20 ElectricTelegraph(A), all Electric Teleg. of Jr. 14 Gen. Steam Navigat. all General Screw Steani 10 Irish Beetroot Sugai! 10 Niagdalens, St. Navig. all Niediteraa. Elea. Tel. ali Nat. Pat. Steam File 5 Netherlands Laud , 1 N. S. W. Coal & Inter, St ea m Navigat. Co all N. B. Australasian... 12 Nrth.ofEuropeSteam all Peel Rr. Ld. all Peninsular& Oriental' 40 Do. Do. all Portland Iron Co 1.;,0;a1 ICeil Stomas koot, Anstrikl. Invest. all 'south Austral.Lanti all Oulsaar. Telegraph all Do. Registered. a Yam POlll9Ol I!_and ~...; . 60 69a i 4 70i 1 70/1 71i 70,1 2l 6, 6; 8i . 3i 104 i 101 1001 i 5 82i IT; 20 231 10 st. 69i St. 101 I St. I st. 10 34 4 6, 76 51 14 13k 9i 14/ f . - ~ --' I ,K BANKS. 7 . ~----79~~ i d par 10 $ —si a 22 -221 42 - 44, 43 45 67 69 7b 8i n. r:, r% St. St. St. 8 10 uJ • 1 . - s - - ... '-'' •' ... ...... • :01J8 40 = 6 65-5 - ... ... 9S - 103 1 -109 i - 1101 2i 3 5 -1i i :--- ii ••• ••• ii ---- ii 2 - 2i 35 - - 1 11it - 1 = 13 1091 10, $ --- ~ _ TILE SIEGE OF SEBASTOPOL. JOURNAL OF AN EYE-WITNESS. This morning (Wednesday, Sept. 27) the sky was covered with clouds, and a cold drizzling rain warned us of the far advance of the season, and the evil days that are in store for us, if the siege operations against Sebas to p ol are not carried on with the utmost despatch, or if (which God for bid) s c ant of energy and vacillation should interfere with their success. The change in the weather was a warning, and only a warning, for as the slay advanced the grey clouds drifted away, and the sun' shone out with all his usual warmth and splendour. In Katcha Bay we lay side by side with another ship loaded with engineers' stores. At one o'clock p.m. this day a steamer came down with the admiral's orders to take us in tow and help us on to Balaklava Bay. We were among the first vessels that left Katcha Bay. Taken in tow according to orders, as we rounded the headland we heard a violent cannonade, and standing out about five miles from the coast we had a good and long view of the ships engaged in it. We found they were three of our steamers, evidently on duty off the harbour of Sebastopol. One of them, a very small fast vessel, had gone close in shore, evidently for the purpose of worrying the Russians in Fort Constantine. So beautifully (lid that small steamer succeed its her object, that gun after gun was fired from the fort (of which we just saw the bomb-proof roofs), and shell after shell, accompanied by long streaks of white smoke, rose up into the air and sell into the water, some times close to the steamer and sometimes a good distance off. But the distance matters little iu these case., for " miss a foot or miss a mile" it comes all t o the same thing. The small steamer—one of the smallest of the fleet—kept moving about, and played ou the water like a trout. Whenever the Russians seemed tired of the ga-,e she came a little closer in and gave them one of her guns, which guns seemed ridiculously light in opposition to the he Ivy metal of the Russians. Still she had her range, if the " MOSCOVA" had not, for one of her shells alighted on the roof of one of the buildings in Fort Constantine, as we could plainly see from the enormous cloud of dust and smoke it raised when it fell. The two ether steamers—very heavy ones—were running close in shore but nearer Sebastopol , and out of range of Fort Constantine. It struck me that they watched the play of the small steamer, for the purpose, perhaps, of noting the position and capabilities of the Fort Con stantine batteries. Passing further on we came abreast the two entrances to the Sebastopol harbour, and had a good view of the town and forts. The fortifications cer tainly look formidable, but in looking at them, I could not help recollecting that all the Czar's buildings and ar maments show a good face, no matter bow rotten they may be at the core. From all reports I have been able to collect from Prussian military engineers, who had the privilege of examing Sebastopol, I have come to the con clusion that the fortress, though strong, is not near so strong as is generally believed, or as its appearance would Cause one to believe. It is true that the four-storied bat tery houses and round towers look exceeding formidable. They certainly made that impression on some of our en gineer officers, who, like myself, are on the sick-list, and who for that reason have for some time past been my com panions on board this transport. But in looking at these formidable battery-houses and round towers, I could not forget that they are built of granite. The worthlessness of granite for the purposes of fortification has years ago been demonstrated by practical breaching experiments, made in various continental countries, and the results of those experiments have within the memory, and to the conviction of every one, been confirmed by the practical breaching experiments at the round tower of Bomarsund. Besides, the Prussian engineers whom I mentioned above (men of high standing and authority in their profession) found fault with the want of ventilation in the small vaulted chambers in which the guns stand, and they assert that after ten minutes' firing the gun ners must either leave the guns or die from their own smoke. some of the batteries, too, are so badly built that they are in danger of destruction from the concussion of their own guns, without any material assistance from the guns of an enemy. I recollected all these statements RS we passed the frowning tower and ominous looking em brasures of Sebastopol, and came to the conclusion that it is a pity Admiral Dundas did not sand before this some of his hoary armed steamers to try what stuff the renowned Sebastopol batteries are made of. However, it will be found out in good time, and that " good time" is coming. Further on the south of Sebastopol we were towed along an iron-bound coast, but one which in wild and romantic beauty and grandeur of features surpasses any thing I have yet seen of the shores of the Black Sea. - Wo passed along t hat coast at the most favourable hour--near to sunset, when the west was flaming red. The rocks, in the first instance of grey sandstone, and further on of sandstone ruddy with a mixture of iron, looked as if an angry sea had carved them oat of the face of the land. Here, too, for the first time, I saw the Black Sea really and truly slack, and though there was no wind, and in deed no apparent commotion of the water, the ground swell was as strong as it is in other waters after a violent storm. Just before us rose a high promontory—Cape Ajah—on which the clouds breaking, descended in sheets of white mist. To complete the picture, the setting sun formed a rainbow in the breaking and descending clouds ; and on our right, in the blue, clear sky, rose the pale, silvery crescent. I never beheld a scene at once so for midable, so grand, and so lovely. The shock of the waves against that coast must be tremendous on anything like " a feul night," and that coast must be merciless to , the shipwrecked mariner, who for miles finds not an inch , of ground to cling to for safety. Nothing but the steep , perpendicular rock, with its sharp edges and jagged pro montories. The scene seemed too grand aid wild for the settlement of human beings, even on shore, and nothing could exceed our astonishment than the sight of a town of pretty considerable dimensions on the top of the cliff. There was a church and a barrack, a great many large stone buildings and neat country houses hanging ou the crags as they descend to the brink of the clif f . As we came abreast of the town a French steamer overtook us, and ono of our own war steamers driving up out of Balaklava Bay went past us on her way back to the fleet. The passing and repassing of the ships seemed to interest the town quite as much as its sudden appearance on the cliff interested us. Crowds of people thronged a sort of large square in the middle of the town, from which, no doubt, they had as good a view of the offing as we in the offing had of them. A little further on we found that Cape Ajah, against the rocky sides of which we were steering, formed part of the outer harbour or roadstead of Balaklava. We did not see the inner harbour, for it is small, and holds hardly three vessels, and as some of our ships had already got in, it will bo our fate to knock about until we can procure admittance. There can be no idea of anchoring, for the deep sea lead shows above 45 fathoms of water, and that, too, not half a mile from the shore. What we see of the land beyond the inner harbour of Balaklava is very pretty—a steep moun tain gorge, with two enormous rocks, like steeples, rising up from the midst of it. The higher and larger of these rocks is as nature made it, but the lesser one has been cut and fashioned into a small fortress, and bears on its sum mit a castellated mansion, which, with the water and rock scenery, reminds one of the feudal castles on the banks of the Rhine. OFF BALAKLAVA, Sept. 28.—The wind freshened after sunset last night, and by 10 p.m. it blew a breeze. Our position near the rocks became a post of danger, and our faithful guardian, the steamer, came up at 11 a.m. and took us about five and twenty miles out to sea. We knocked about all night with a stiff breeze, and a pretty consider able swell,- and in the morning we set sail and again stood in for Balaklava. BALAILLAVA BAT, Sept. 29.—Taken in tow again we soon neared the iron-bound coast of Balaklava and the frowning Cape of Ajah, and again had ample leisure to admire the savage grandeur of the spot. We found a good many vessels, French and English, in the roadstead, most of them anchoring under and sheltered by Cape .A,jah. Our orders were to enter the harbour—not an easy task, to judge from the time it took us to get in. For though we arrived in the roads at 3 p.m., yet it was sunset before we dropped our anchor along side—not a couple of vessels, as we had been led to believe the harbour could hold, but a dozen of steamers and transports, as well as the Aga memnon and Arethusa, ranged within leap almost from the shore, with plenty of room for a couple of dozens of other vessels. Narrow; as the bay is, its depth must be tremendous. We also* found that the ruined castle of which we obtained a sight on Wednesday night, crowns the top of the hills fronting the harbour, of which it must have been a formidable defence in the days of bills and crossbows. The ruins, such as they are, show that the castle was constructed according to the most approved rules of military engineering as practised in the middle ages ; there are round towers with loopholes of admirable construction, and there are still the foundationsof a square tower remaining, which shows that the mixed system of round and square towers, so prevalent in the medieval fortresses on the Rhine, obtained also in the strongholds of the Crimea. The towers, round and square, presup pose the existence of corresponding towers on the hilltop and these connected by high walls, must have formed the donjon. Half way down the hill, are the remains of other towers and walls, showing plainly that the works were of some magnitude, and that the fortress, such as it was, had two distinct lines of defence. As Balaklava Bay bears a striking resemblance to Sebastopol harbour, it being in many points a miniature copy of that formid able port, it struck me that I looked upon the ruins of the old castle with the same feelings with which Macau lay's New Zealander will one day examine the remains of tha round towers and battery palaces of Sebastopol. As we entered, an English sentry was walking in front of the round tower on the highest hill, and small parties of Zouaves sat on the ledges of rocks enjoying the marine view, and watching the nets which they—passionate fisherman—had spread in the water beneath them. In the village, nestling as it were in the bosom of the rocks, Zonaves were mixed up with our own Highlanders, rifles, and men of the line. Sappers and artillerymen crowded round the door of one of the homes—evidently one of the quarters of their officers. Fires were burning on shore, for the evening was fresh and even cold, and we who shivered on the poop of our vessel in spite of greatcoats and mauds, longed to stand by those fires and have a good warm. I afterwards learned, that while we admired the fires, we had not the least idea of the expense at which they were raised. Firewood, as one may suppose from the description of the locality, is scarce at Balaklava, and fuel is got some how and any how, usually from wrong places and by wrong means. A night or two ago, I understand, a party of Zoueves stole the doors of the engineer officers' quarters, burnt them on the beach, and cooked their rations thereby. But still the fires looked jolly and com fortable, and the village with the rows of fire, in front, and a green tree here and there, had a comfortable andan pleasant appearance. A. troop of about twenty Russian prisoners, escorted by a detachment of Zen he a r T e es entered down from the hill, and after mustering o r n shore transport. a lugger boat, and were rowed off to a F s and e dirty forage The Russians, in their long grey tidir-like, but in all caps, looked dreadfully seedy other respects they peace with themselves and all th n e w I seemed caonmdfOirtandle. and perfectly at the or evening, and learnt I had a short run on shore days o ago, that the head- quar t er s moving m tw ad o vanc a dvanc e f the army had and on reached Balaklava village abent en tering were saluted with round s hot and shell from a Rus sian battery, establis hed for the protection of the bay. The Russians had about 600 soldiers here, and they had, moreover , armed all the male inhabitants of the village, compelled them to fi g ht for the Czar. Besi des the anda ttei•at the waters ide, of which we saw the remains, they Jed three mortars on the hill top, next to the round tower. What the intentions of the Russians can hav e been I cannot understand, for they were evidently caught iu a trap, and as onr troops poured in over the mountains and our steamers entering the bay, began to belabour the battery, they had nothing to do but to give in, and almost all (except a few who managed to escape over the hills) were captured. The wretched male inhabitants of Bala klava being caught with arms in their hands were, of course, considered to be prisoners of war, but I under stand they are on the eve of their liberation. I understand that Lord Raglan and the staff stood the fire with great coolness. Indeed, the Commander of the army behaved as gallantly as any colonel of a marching regiment, and there can be uo doubt, if opportunity offered, his lordship would bean excellent sahreur. Another item of intelligence which moliecl me on my arrival was that the al'iny had been two days en their march from Ketch& Bay ' and that on the march they had 400 'men dosd of dysentevy and cholera. On the same road, and within the same time, the Trench lopt about 1,000 men. The cholera is not likely to diminikh in the camp about 13alaklara and' Sebastopol, for there is an abundance of grapes and Wier fruit, and in Balaklava itself, the presence of troops, though se recent, has already produced ,filth. and garbage to a frightful extent. Nothing could be fishier than to stop the disgraceful iiraetices - ilaieh lead to this g dungerous state of things, but:while everyone c omplains no one seems to think of the obvious remedy. Let , us hope that the operations against Sebastopol may be speedy and successful, for to hold the field at this sea son, and under present circumstances, when each day claims its victims, must finally thin our ranks beyond the proportion of our reinforcements, and materially impair the efficiency of our operations. They had plenty of news from Sebastopol at head-quar ters. That news is in every respect favourable to our pro gress. The greatest consternation prevails in the fortress. g a k r e r i d is blew i h o l vu ri ll h av e h it 's u 7 : 1 a n officers to live'l s . hoTt i.r O k o s m o m f commons The town is ill Y aq es u te ed rd u a c Y t; l :h tt e . le as regards d.rink. are notorious for drinking largo quantities of champagne, and Russian soldiers hay a obtained no less wide-sF rread and equivocal reputation for drinking brandy, yet we have to learn that either can do without water. Our troops have taken a number of arabas going in or comiug out of Sebastopol, with btores, luggage, and officers' traps. Is each of these arabas were found packs of cards, which shows that the Russian army, especially the officers, t still adhere to their gainblinz propensities. IYesterday twenty siege guns were landed at Balaklava, and; as the whole number of siege guns to be landed is one hundred, we may, if the necessary works are at once com menced, open our fire within eight days from this. THE SU:GE. HEAD -QUARTERS AT BALAKL„VVA, Sept. 30.--The two armies, which have for the lastfewa l aye been camping on the heights end the plateau of Balaklana, marched this morn ing to take up their various positions around Sebastopol. 800 marines from the fleet were also landed and joined the troops. Our force, such as it is, cannot be expected to surround the fortress on all sides, and under the best air cunistanoes it is to be feared that the. Russians will always have a line of retreat. This, however, gannet be helped, for from intelligence which has reached head-quarters, it is known that after the battle of Alma the Russian forme divided on their retreat, and that while the smaller corps entered Sebastopol, a larger corps—about 19,000 men— marched inland to Baktchi Semi. These being reinforced by 3,000 men, that have entered the Crimea by way of Pericop, and by the garrisons of Simpheropol and other places, amounting to 3,000, perhaps, form an army of 25,000 men, line and Cossacks, who are operating in our rear, and who have for the last nights past signalised their presence by setting fire to distant -villages, and by coming in small parties down upon our outposts, whom they keep in a state of perpetual excitement. Hardly a night passes without one or two alarms. It is true that these 25,000. Russians are no match for even one-half of the British army, but their presence in our rear would make an ex tended position one of great risk and danger. Nor, from all the reports of officers who have been out reconnoitring the fortress, does it appear necessary to conduct the op.- rations with all the pomp, pride, and circumstances of a regular siege, according to the most approved rules of military engineering. The land defences of Sebastopol do not justify, the time granted us is too short, and the nature of the soil does not permit the tracing oat a plan of the fortress and its works in the fields around and construct ing there, within gunshot, an exact facsimile in trenches. For once the Peninsular experience, which has been our bane throughout this campaign, is likely to serve some useful purpose, and the accelerated siege, as practised by our troops in Spain, is what has been proposed for the re duction of Sebastopol. We are going to establish breach ing batteries, and work them until a way is cleared for the advance of our battalions. Then, amidst the roar of the siege guns, the rapid advance of our horse artillery, and its effectual play, the troops must advance to the breach and British courage, determination, and coolness must do the rest. This is a short and imperfect outline of the accelerated siege in which British troops have never been known to fail. On those troops we must rely rather than on the generalship of those high in com mand, who, though brave beyond the powers of praise, want that strategical genius and experience which in other captains had to make up for a less amount of mettle in the officers and men. The faults which are committed in almost every department are glaring and ob vious to all but these who commit them. I will enume rate a few which have come to my notice, because they were canvassed by many, on many occasions, and with a considerable degree of acerbity. Since we landed, the corn missarist have just managed to keep the troops from actual starvation, but it is a fact that our invading and victorious army, in one of the richest countries in the world, and continually accompanied by the fleet, our chief depot, has fared worse and suffered more than many a beaten army that I knew of suffered on its retreat. The commissariat have managed to get sheep and bullocks, because there was no evading getting them, as whole herds covered the hills wherever we came. T he troops had biscuit rations, too, for their rations were, somehow or other, taken oat of the commissariat transports. But up to the present, with cholera and dysentery raging among the troops, the commissariat have not been able to manage the giving the officers and men salt to cook their rations with. Now salt, as it is most necessary, so it is also an article most easy of distribution, since, comparatively speaking, bat. small quantities are wanted. I speak plainly, and say that I consider the continued withholding of salt as an in stance of gross neglect that the heads of the victualling de partment could be guilty of. And this, too, after all their railings at the correspondents of the papers, and their so oonnts of sickness and starvation in the British camp ! I have now to detail some very strange mismanagement which occurred in the placing of one of the divisions. I will not name the commander of the division, but if any one should dare to contradict me, I am prepared to publish the name of that commander with all the honours. The case is this : When the divisions were led to their various po sitions round Sebastopol, one of the commanders fixed the camping-ground of his corps actually within shelling range of the Russian batteries. He also ordered the powder magazine to Ye established within range of the Russian shells, and there the magazine would have been established had not reports been sent off to General Bur goyne—the redresser of all blunders that admit of • cure— and lie got the magazine at least to a safe distance. As for the troops, since it is an axiom in military life that a gene ral officer can do no wrong, or make himself ridiculous by an unusual display of prufessior al ignorance or individual folly—why the troops must retunin where they are and can do no good, and they must cook their victuals and lay down to sleep with Russian bombs coming down among them, to enliven the sameness of the hivouack. It is true Gene ral —'s friends try to excuse him by saying he is net an engineer, and has no business to know anything about the range of heavy artillery. Taking this excuse for what it is worth, and admitting all the weight that can belong to it, I, and others, merely say th:i.t no engineering science, but open eyes and ears, and a imoderate modicum of com mon sense, were required to co nvince the General of the folly he was about to commit; for as the troops marched np the Russians actually did canon there, and thus shewed to the corvietion of even the dullest understanding what their range was, and where the troops and powder stores should not be. HEAD•QUA.RTERS, BALAKLANA, OCT. 2, 11 A.M.-00a word more about the unfortunate division who were doomed to camp within range cif the Russian shells. Means have been found to liberate them from their perilous and useless position, though at a considerable sacrifice of marching and countermarching. As the division was too far advanced, the most natural means of correcting this evil would have been to have drawn it back a couple of hundred yards. But so simple and practical a measure would have savoured too much of common sense. It would moreover have been dangerous to the theory of military infallibility- Therefore the division in question was ordered to the other end of our line, a march of about thirteen miles, and the division which occupied the extreme point was marched back, to take the place of the division which was to be got out of the range. Of course the two divisions, after taking their posts in the lino, will be careful to encamp at a safe distance, and in this oomph oated manner an obvious blunder is rectified (I cannot say corrected) without a dementi to the officer in command. Admire with me with the nice and gentlemanly manage ment of such matters in our Eastern army. sixty siege guns are landed on their way to the camp. Large quantities of ammunition, too, had been landed. It is not thought that more of our siege guns are to be brought on shore just at preses it, for what with the sixty landed and four heavy guns on Lancaster's principle that have been added to our siege t rain, we expect we shall do ve ry well, and at all events bet ore we increase our stock c siege engines and battering cal anon we wish to see what those already on shore can do i•or us. Large quantities of fascines and gabions, too, have. been landed from the Engi neer's store transports. It was generally expected that t C first engineering works—that in to say, the marking out the trenches within gun range amd tracing them ready fen• the pickaxe and the spade of nbe fatigue parties—wonla commence last night ; but as !the working parties cann ot proceed to business without a siefficient number of gabions --to be filled with earth and placed before the men—and as we have not yet found sufficient means of transport, the commencement of engineering operations has been put off until to-morrow. If we go on at that rate , I calculate tha t oar first battery will open upon the Russi ans b y the Bt h inst. Under an energetic commander thatefiartstmboaanstteryof would at this hour be in full play. that officers transport abounded in the nillagels and for E ling speaking the language invited the n a t ives k s rnoow to d co , me o aten ith their carts, dromedaries , „th money—paid down on car t ing ea:;,isi"—hodrsee f or th e ngs exc o u f s t e h , e in e case and their readiness to come—iiN, dozen h dragoons, and,in ea lish. The natives expressed their odEesoirgelitoshewaronotlhdemmookney, show of compulsion, send half :5 _fact, they should ever again und er the domi nion sufficien t give the poor natives i% giaouodona,in e brought in hundreds of arabas and with horses willing drivers, if of our military Thus a detachmenioftwelve dragoons (might h • 25r • it had beau in the nature to detach cavalry on such a service.- But as the p rov idi ng of means of transport has an appearance of some sort of oon nection with the commiesariat, the detaching dragoons or other cavalry 011 any of military misma nagement,erweialslosnastifsofry otohrespisewopoloesosfAnegalanevedr such service could not be thought f ! This is another leaf out of- the history e being gd very r t y r trust i d t it does appear that we are slow. But with all these drawbaelts, I ha • ofthereb result of the attack upon Set v no doubt as to the Sebastopol, whenever our artil lery and men are fairly unleatihed against it, and Bri tish gallantry stands free from the trammels of professional nonsense. All the officers who have reconnoitred Sebasto pol from the landside, agree that the land fortifications are not very strong, and that breaching batteries and the strong arm of the soldier will make sh ort work of thorn. Besides, the garrison of Sebtistopol must by this time be suffering from want of water, for as there have been no heavy rain s f or some weeks past, their cisterns cannot con tain any large stores. The breaching and storming plan of the accelerated siege is still uppermost in the minds of the generals, and this morning we were glad to see the first detachment of sailors from the Sanspareil landed on the beach of Balaklava. Our most useful storming parties have always consisted of sailors, who are accustomed to do their work on difficult ground, and to whom the clamber ing up a breach or battery is mere child's play. The sailors, with their cutlasses, knives, pistols, and bundles instead of knapsacks, came on shor e in great ordenb_ bu t also with great glee. They evide ntl y liked the idea of land march against Sebastopol. • ns were &ido -1 should have said that while our divine s 0...2 cated yesterday the Russians never c eased ill ah But as our troops marched out of wh gra.ytihn;regari artillery did them no harm- nd casualtiesthata have happened. eannot hear of any DEVONTORT DOCITARD.-Mr. Edwards, jun., has been established a s a writer in the measurer's office, vioe Peters promote d. 3iessrs. John Drake and Theepkiini ra wntert, Baker, shipwrigh ts, to be ext - 7 68 55i 6 10 24 p, 50 40 Pffi 23i 1p lid 40i 1 42t 2 i - 1 -