The Sun. — London, England, 1854-04-11 00:00:00

M. 13 to ierto ) cir con- the you, e on. f and, )lace' , den ( ds a;"' you, / Th .. 11 his forces, w ith th e i n t en ti on o f com i ng t o an ; I gacteroent with the superior force of the enemy, w ould have been i rre t r i eva bly lost ; since he 0 b luci either have been surprised on his march 3: a collision in front with the Russian columns, W ho were th rea t en i ng, moreover, a passage a t Irlirsov a ; or he would have been taken in the rear, !Id thus annihilated. The peninsula of Dobrudscha waa therefore rather quickly evacuated from stra aeigetical motives, and the march of the Russians f g the Hirsova r oa d an d th e heights of Babadagh lee wed so rap idl y t h at a ll t h e m ili tary s i ores col ieeted in th e s t rong h o ld s an d en t renc h men t s f e ll 2?to the hands of the Russians. Even in his posi !un at Trojan's Wall, Mustapha Pacha sees himself strongly threatened in his front by the Russian roam body, and on his left flank by the two divi sions near Kalarash. He will hence, most likely, make a ti mely retreat in good order to Bassardshik. the he is c aus i ng ever y pl ace that leads to it by 'lle road f rom K arassu an d f rom K usten dj ee to be surrounded with rampart and palisades. At the same time, th e comman d an t s o f R u tschuk and Silis tr,ra had ord ers sen t th em t o ac t on the defensive. fortres s disposabl e f orces o f the Danube, excepting the .„‘'urtress garrisons, are being made to converge on 4 a, sgrad, w ith Sh um l a f or th e i r pi vo t and Bassard shik for their gravitating point. Prince Gortscha rfr, in the meantime, is marching with four strong divisions of infantry, and two of cavalry, on Tra jall's Wall; he will probably proceed at once to de raCah Karassu, Tshernavoda, and Kustendjee, and Will then attack Omer Pacha in the square so his torically renowned in former Turkish wars. The Turkish position, however, is s o s t rong h ere that t he, Prince will find it no e a sy t as k. Th e Adj utant- General Schilder received orders to conduct the Passage at Kalarash, and to surround Silistria." CONSTANTINOPLE. snow and rain are at an end, says a Constanti aeple letter of 30th March, and the Bosphorus is a deeper biue under the cloudless heaven. The 'ins behind Scutari are green with retur n i ng !Pring, and Oly mpus stands out well-defined aga i ns t ale sky. Th e popu l at i on i s abroad, eager to escape nar row the d reary i mpr i sonment of their dark and 'Larrow houses. Turkish women, childish and va at, purs ue th e i r li stless wanderings through the cts, while Greeks and Catholics, in the prettiest f of bonnets, flock to the Lenten services, which seem , °l ,the moment to replace the balls and concerts of holy season. With such a sky and atmo -Belckere, thoughts of a dismal and uncertain future tt a b il find no place, and, if serious rumours are 8 road, and the aces of diplomatists are grave, e n ; e l l things make little impression on the happy ch eered who, not unwisely, live in the present, freely, eered by the returning sun, and breathing more in a balmy air. e t the dampsof winter have not ceased in their effectsof on the young and delicate. A great number children and young persons have lately died wif e ugh the e xcess i ve co l d and humidity, in a city 4 , er e the hou ses are not constructed to meet the heard a severe w i nter. The funeral chant white hou r l y i n the streets, and little corpses, on ite and waxen, strewn with flowers, and borne oh a ; gaily-decked bier, are carried along to the eiaffBt.Lan burial-ground. Foreigners, and espe e,,Y 4nglish, increase in numbers every day,— tollaissaries, engineers nothing and contrac -144') tourists who have to do, and young d es i l t . anxiou s for employment, who, with hopes t h e ine d to be blighted, look to a commission in w ealth Ottoman army as the first step in the ladder to been and glory. Of the latter, some few have 11 'U004381614 if success be the acquisition of an zleer.tain rank and an unknown destination. The t „ e r kish names which all receive on their appoint ohtl.lit are a subject of much amusement. No arm y stia n appellation can appear on the Turkish made, list, and therefore when an appointment is wi th the _European becomes " Pasha' or " Bey," hi s Same distinctive name taken from his office, aPpearance, or even his dress. Someti mes th e 4e i anteer has a little difficulty in remembering his ,fl°.,aPpellation, and it is one of the chief d u ti es 1 , 1 li nnitri or Dominic to be at hand to r e ply t o hi s t t „cr's questi on o f " Wh a t' s my name ?" 'aer accounts from Constantinople of the 30th reillstate that one of the most important points I P Pending negotiations on the subject of the sous emancipation of the Christians had just 2 ,41 solved. A d ecree o f t h e G overnment of the Nth Ult. recogn i ses t h e va lidi ty of the oath of a a ri stian before the Ottom an t r ib una l s . Th e G ran d 4t ietlal Council assembled on the 27th. After ~ itg approved of all the recent acts of the Di van , to given the Sultan the most entire a dh es i on Ilia policy and to his plans o f r e f orm , th e v;ekattcil, admitting the urgency of the sa cr ifi c e s th' i ch circumstances impose on Turkey, decided th -a t a national sal seription should be opened, and actembers immediat e ly subscribed for more than 2" 0 ,000fr. Th e r e was no d ou bt th a t , i n a f ew ?e, the sub scr i p ti on w ill amount to from 20 to th millions. A Council of Ministers was held on ado 27 th, at whi c h th e coerc i ve measures to be th e lted towards Greece were decided on ; but, on 4 ,,, r epresentati on o f th e F renc h and English t i:Aegado rs , a d elay of eight weeks has been t i to ' l lted to Greek subjects to quit the Turkish ter ktinrY' M. Metaxa, th e G ree k am b assa d or, was now at Co nstantinople on the 30th. Th e accoun t s e, l ;ceeived of th e aggress i ons of the Russians on ex,"811 vessels at the mouth of the Danube d o not eie4ettlY tally with th ose pu bli s h e d b y t h e pr i vate k er rie telegraph. I t was t h e Bedl i ngton English th e I l an't vessel which was sun k at t h e mout h of an d e anube b y th e Russian batteries, the captain Th e A re w) however, save d th emse l ves i n their boat. r at 'llaa, anothe r E ng li s h vesse l , which in the cei,elcaounts was stated to have been sunk, re ateatau several balls in her hull, and the Crescent chineskh had her in tow received some in her rigging. lii!ot letter fro m TH W E idd p itt N o U f ß M E a . rch 2 , ti osi llg re 8 says, a reconnaissance has been made in the direc at °ll)o.lana with 2,000 cavalry. Iskender . Bey at the head of 200 irregulars rode into the .village k iii a gallop , C%,44,(lTtis of Russians, but found there only two . o . r three 1 4 ;"eike were made prisoners, and a .evr who hastily retir c ed k sear c h direction 20 bashi buzuks wandered off killed. Feur psi of of plunder, fell in with a large party of . losi a ,. 11 0/ 1 Li cavalry, and were all killed or made pri cotrk It now aPpears that the Russians have _ _ a_ tlq,,e4lltrated all their force in the villages of M the-‘4, Golentze, and Citate, and have destroyed Ti e l otr ench ments they had made at Pojana. have(' aPpearance presented by the Cossacks, who h eeo heee. taken, is truly miserable, and iftheir tie t „ lll ita be true, the treatment the soldiers expe . - 'he ar s . ' from their officers is frightful. There is Ithi e l e i lY a minuto either of the day or night, in Aerzobeating is not going on in ev7y . company. Retiu. r tg the late arrivals at Widdin is an English qte:111„4111ately returned from St. Petersburg : He I n th a t ',hat there is not only a want of enthusiasm b - l atel, at capital with regard to the war,. but a so rs ha te .' great dislike to it. Even Russian offi . ce kaiitielPressed their feelings in the matter in in t 1 10 4 , e ,r which Must be somewhat dangerous ht i folly tides. They said that it was the heig of 1,...,_ possibility Lo - going to War with England ; that there was o (ill% of losing a of gaining anything, and ever l y . p u r n. great deal ; that they cou in a the pre",,taud their fighting for their faith, but, 41):Ettt instance there was very little questi e o r n . )74'q,__t faith. They would all be ruined, to a . c t 3,. The seer t e eXplained 1 --- e of the voluntaryco t o _ not for their ace. ou . , ''°. o ) in a manner which will of _ ntribu e t a ion sil s y , 1 54 7 n, for instancegr, eiat extent. A governor a -nforms a citizen by a written ile ve r, r that voluntary co ntributions are solicited by itL‘vo go vernment in defence of Christianity pif;t_4llsm, and that i bets considered that 200 against Thin' roubles will not oo much for him to give. kial„shg'gestion bears all the force of an order . , ti ke ‘eie money is paid instanter, sooner than be in he black book, With ' a a cross against his r )thi \l/44aidage quantities of g a bi ons are being made at crl 1/1 ?, probably for the repa i r of the fortress, ' ma ny Places is in a state dilapadation. ................• 111,, THE WAR IN ASIA. . 1143,4`1T,yourna/ d e lt Constantin of the 29th u . b e , glat news from Asia from a good source had ,I,'4_ received of another and impoilant victory by 1 ve; 4 ., 111371 Over ° of know 4„ the Russians, but that the details .............-_, TIIE Black SEA. (taytiltetter from the Sea, of the 28th . ult d . toh_, he Patric), informs us that the combine Is44(trotis were anchored at Baldchik n ear Kavarna• 1,47 e their departure from Beycos Bay the weather (14 ) , tbeell constantly fine. The admirals had the th e uefore sent a division of frigates to Kustendjee, e at tioint in the Black Sea at which ends the fora .ll°ll known by the name of Trajan's Wall. It ktlp„ ll aid that this demonstration had for object to 1, ? von the right of Omer Pacha. No vessel of ar h.s,. 01 41 , 44.,1 quitted. Sebastopol, as had been errone kl4 4.ated dit was still thought that the Ens- Ileet Would not leave the harbour. GREECE. The 7 , rtesie Gazette . gives the following details of 11417egurrecion in Epirus :—" The Albanian troops ltkl a I)eaten the insurgents at Pharsalia and T.ri -11121.,,),,_,(1 forced them to fly in disorder, The 2 ,0',U, 111 .8 had 5,000 men at the former place and 4.t the l a t ter, and still were worsted, t,They il, e withd r awn to Agrafa. Fual Effendi wtlo4v, ed. w as re ith the great e st enthusiasm by the popu same journal states that the officers and 1 crews of the Russian ships of war in that port have received orders to return home by land. The ships, , it was rumoured, had been sold to the Greek Go- vernment. The Divan, the Debats says, had in principle fixed ten days, the time accorded to M. Metaxa, the Greek Ambassador, as the period within which all Greeks were to quit Constantinople, but at the request of General Baraguay d'Hilliers the time had been extended to three weeks. • A letter from Salonica, of March 24, says :—The accounts from Volo are very bad. The insurrection is increasing. The rebels have taken the offensive in Thessaly, and got possession of a small fort called the Fanar, near Mount. Agrafa. The communica tions between Thessaly and Epirus are broken off. Mescovo Pappacosta and another chief are at the head of 2,500 men, near Arviro, and have written to the mudir of that place to give up the town in order to avoid bloodshed. Two thousand other Greeks had passed the frontiers near Domoro, to join Pappaforte. The Turkish commanders in Thessaly are not sufficiently united. Zeinel Pacha only exasperates the population with his Albanese troops, who show no mercy. If troops are not soon sent from Constantinople—that is to say, regular soldiers —even the Turks will have to give way, and open the door to the Greeks, for fear of the irregular soldiers. The Bishop of Cricala and other primates have been brought to Volo, and will be sent to Constan tinople to account for their conduct, which is con sidered suspicious by the authorities of Thessaly. MALTA. MALTA, April 7.—The Indus,with the outward India m a il, h as re t urne d t o lalta with her ma chinery damaged. The Vectis has gone on to Alexandria in her place, after a few hours' delay. The Himalaya, with the homeward India mail, has arrived from Alexandria, and transhipped her passengers, mails, and cargo, and will depart with troops for the East to-morrow. The 44th Regiment and three companies of the 50th were despatched for the East on the sth in the Vulcan. The 93d Highlanders, together with several offi cers of the commissariat and medical staff, left yesterday in the Kangaroo. The Ardent, towing the Georgiana, which has on board the women of all the regiments, besides mules, horses, and provisions, left this morning. The Cyclops and the Vesuvius, with the 28th Regiment and two companies of the 50th, are ready to go to sea. The Himalaya and Indus are also ready to sail, and will transport the 4th and 33d R eg i men t s with out loss of time. FRANCE. A telegraphic despatch has been received in Paris from Brest, which announces that several French ships of war left that port yesterday (Mon day) morning for the Baltic, and that, besides their ordinary crews, they carry with them 1,000 men of the marine infantry. The arrival of the Duke of Cambridge, Lord Raglan, and their respective staffs, is looked for ward to in Paris with much interest by the Pari sians, but great disappointment is felt that they are not to be accompanied by any of the English cavalry. The generals expected to arrive to-day (Tuesday.) The Duke of Cambridge and Lord Raglan are to take up their residence at the British embassy. On Wednesday a splendid review is to take place in the Champs de Mars in presence of the Emperor, who no doubt will be accompanied by the English officers. In the evening a grand dinner is to be given in their honour at the palace of the Tuileries. The Paris press has been so very persevering in its announcements that Austria would certainly take part with England and France in the war against Russia, that their assertions at lengthmade some impression on the public, of which we saw the result in the rise which took place in the public funds. Yesterday, however, the confidence which they had inspired has begun to give way, and a con siderable fall has been the consequence. The truth is, that as the interests of Austria are so clearly in opposition to the projects of the Czar, the world is willing to believe that good sense will ulti mately have the upper hand in the Councils of the Emperor Francis Joseph, and that he will in the end be forced to take an active part on the side pointed out by those interests. On the ground of consistency, also, Austria ought to go the same way, for she has so openly condemned the aggressive policy of the Czar, that she cannot, with honour, take part in his favour. But there is a great diffe rence between disapprobation of a neighbour's policy and taking part in a war against him. This is what seems to influence both Prussia and Austria, and however pusillanimous their conduct may appear, there are strong reasons for believing that they are fully determined (for the present, at least) to hold aloof. The Emperor on Sunday received in private au dience, M. Mavrocordato, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the King of Greece, who presented to his Majesty a letter from his sovereign. , The Emperor also received Count de Lcewenhielm, Swedish Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, who presented a letter from the King of Sweden and Norway, notifying the death of his grandson, the Duke of Suder mania. The Moniteur notifies to the subscribers to the loan of 250,000,000 fr. that they may present them selves at the Caisse Centrale at the Ministry of Finance, to exchange their provisional receipts for certificates of the loan, and to receive the reim bursements due to them. It invites those persons who subscribed on the 14th and 15th March, to attend on the 13th April ; those who subscribed on the 16th and 17th March to attend on the 14th ; the 18th and 19th on the 15th.; the 20th and 21st on the 18th ; the 22d and 23d on the 19th ; and. the 24th and 25th on the 20th. As to the sub scribers in the departments, the Moniteur an nounces that they will shortly be informed of the dates at which the exchange and reimbursement will take place in each of the chefslieux of depart ments and arrondissements. The funds declined yesterday, in consequence of a rumour of the defeat of the Turks, near Silis tria. The Three per Cents. opened at 64f. 35c. and closed at 63f. 60c. for the end of the month ; the Four-and-a-Half per Cents. at 90f. 50c. ; Or leans Railway Shares, 1,042 f. 50c. ; Rouen, 840 f. ; Havre, 412 f. 50c. ; Great Northern, '725f. ; Stras burg, 710 f. ; New Shares, 525 f. ; Paris to Lyons, 792 f. 50c. ; Lyons to the Mediterranean, 650 f. ; Western of France, 557 f. 50c. ; Bordeaux to Cette, 515 f. ; Great Central of France, 400 f. ; Lyons to Geneva, 425 f. ; Bank of Credit Mobi ilier, 480 f. ITALY. Timm, April 10.—The Duke de Valentinois and his aide-de-camp are imprisoned in the Fort of Villa Franca, at Nice. Several arrests have taken place at Mentone. A letter from Piacenza of the 2d, in the Con ciliatore of Turin, states that the Duchess of Parma intends to raise a loan in foreign States, instead of the forced loan ordered by the deceased Duke. She has contented herself with a very moderate civil list, and is introducing great economy in the finan cial department. The man lately arrested upon suspicion of being the assassin of the Duke is now considered to be innocent. SPAIN. The Gazette annouces that the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Sublime Porte had, on the 9th ult., presented a note to the Spanish Minister at Con stantinople informing him, that as some vessels, under the Greek flag, had clandestinely imported ammunition to the coasts of the Epirus, any vessel not giving an account of its cargo to the local authorities, or discharging its cargo secretly, would be confiscated, and its crew would be punished. THE DERRY RAILWAY.—It is stated that the whole of the railway from Derry to Enniskillen is likely to be ready for public traffic by the Ist of June next. A line of powerful steamers to ply between Derry and Liverpool, in connection with this railway, will be established forth• with. A SHIT' DESTROYED BY ICEBERGS.—Yesterday in telligence was received at Lloyd's, of the total de struction of the ship Mary, of Yarmouth, Scott mas ter, in the Atlantic Ocean, whilst on her passage from Liverpool to Boston. On the 15th of February, the ship being in lat. 47, long. 43, she was suddenly be set by icebergs, and before the captain could extricate the vessel, she was struck on the port bow, and her timbers stove in. Through this aperture the water rushed, and the crew had barely time to get out the boats when the vessel went down. From the sudden ness of the catastrophe, they were unable to save food or water, and for five days and four nights they were tossed about in open boats without sustenance, two dying from exhaustion. On the 20th of February they were descried by a fishing-vessel, and they were landed at St. John's, Newfoundland, where they received every attention that Wir deplorable situation required. BUSINESS OF THE PORT OF LONDON.—In the gene ral business of the port of London during the past week thei e has been less activity than for some time past. Th e number of ships reported inward was 154, being 11 less than in the previous week. The quantity of grain re ported was 31,675 quarters, including 25,079 quarters of wheat, in addition to 11,535 barrels and 2,290 sacks of flour. Of rice there were reported 18,900 bags and 357 tierces, in addition to 25,140 bushels of paddy ; of sugar, 3,460 hhd., 16,818 bags, 2,767 casks, and 2,530 cases ; of coffee, 3,736 bags and 406 casks ; and of tea, 31,261 packa ges . The number of ships cleared outward was 123, being 10 less than in the previous week. Of those, 36 were in ballast, and 8, as above stated, for the Australian colonies. PRE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, APRIL 1.1, 1854. HARROW RACES. Sll. AILE MARKETS. (THIS DAY.) LINES LEASED AT FIXED RENTALS. (THIS DAY.) Leasing Compans, Closing Prices this day. Business this day. (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) BRITISH RAILWAYS.: TRIAL STAKES. London & N. West. L. &N. W. Caledon... Criterion Edward of York Sophistry Closing Prices this day. Bastneis done this day. Three ran. Gt.Nrthn. Caldonlan, LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-.(THIS DAY. - 30. - LONDON, April 1. Wind this day at Noon, E. ; and tine weather. DEAL, April 10.— SailedL—H.M.S. Cumberland, for the Baltic, in tow of H.M.'s st. Janus. OFF DOVER, April 11.—Affghan, Coleman, from the Mauritius. OFF DARTMOUTH, April 9.—Tames Armstrong, from Shanghai. QUEENSTOWN, April 9.—Arrived—Zetland, from the Clyde, for New York, leaky, and foremast sprung. SHIELDS, April B.—Sailed—Lively, for New York; Regent, Dalhousie; Alexander and London, Quebec; Re covery, Constantinople ; Polka, Gallipoli ; Vesper, Quebec. SUNDERLAND, April 9.—Sailed—Reward, and Dawsons, for Quebec. PORTSMOUTH, April 10.—Wind, E. to S.E. Sailed — Patrick Henry, for New York ; Celestial, Shanghai. Off Port—Milnika, from the Coast of Africa. _ _ Gt. Westn Yk. New. & Berw. Y.&Nltti Do IS. Eastern D 0... Norfolk.. L.& N. W. & Midid. Stckton & Darlingt. E. Count, D 0........ . POOLE, April 10.—Sailed—George, for Quebec. WEYMOUTH, April 10.—Sailed— Atlantic, for Quebec. PLYMOUTH, April 10.—Wind, E. Arrived— Jamaica, from Antigua. NEWPORT, April 10.—Sailed—Jacobus, for St. Thomas ; Lind, Rio ; Cherokee, St. Thomas ; Kate, New Orleans ; Eagle, Quebec. TORBAY, April 9.—Sailed—North Star, for Madras. OFF THE START, April B.—Emperor, Calcutta. OFF BEACHY HEAD, April s.—Chas. Tottie, from Rio, for Gothenburg. L. & N.W &Ln&Yk Do Gt Northu Do Lancash& Yorksh. Nl.MClean I gtockt. Darlingt. D 0.. . (BY SUBMARINE AND EUROPEAN TELEGRAPH.) GRAVESEND, Tuesday, 10.40 a.m. Wind E.N.E. ; tide half-flood ; weather moderate and cloudy. Arrived, 10th—The Newcastle, from Bruges; Haabet Anker, Kagarue ; Martha, Santander ; Mary Watkins, Galatz. 11th—Adonis, (s.), Amsterdam ; Moselle, (s.), Antwerp. Sailed, 10th.—Brisk, for Bathurst. llth.—Spirit of the Age, for Sydney ; Ostrich, for Adelaide. DEAL, Tuesday, 9 a.m. Wind, N.E., very fine. Passed.—Susan, from St. Michael's for London ; Ca nada, London, Sierra Leone ; Index, London, St. Mitt's ; Quickstep, London, New York. Passed off Dover.—Afghan from Muritius for London. 3tWestn. MAPAET NE WB-(THIS DAY.) COLONIAL. SUGAR.—This article is steady, with not much doing. The quantity of British Plantation landed last week at the East and West India Docks was 1,540 hhds, 116 tierces, 578 barrels. There were taken for home consumption 662 hhds, 45 tierces, 338 barrels: The stock in the same places is 3,297 hhds, 755 tierces, 1,139 barrels. COFFEE. -The market is supported. There are buyers of Native Ceylon at 45s 6d to 45s 9d per cwt on the spot. Rum.—The quantity landed last week at -the East and West India Docks was 358 puns, 32 hhds. There were taken for home consumption 182 puns, 10 hhds; and ex ported 63 puns, 25 hhds. The stock in the same place is 4,111 puns, 795 hhds. SPlCES.—Pimento, 150 bags, at auction partly sold at 5d to to 54d for ord, the rest taken in at 6d for mid. Nut megs. 44 boxes, only partly sold at 2s 7d to 2s 10d for mid bold Singapore, and 2s 4d to 2s 51 for small. Mace, 13 cases, realised 2s 4d to 2a 5d for mid. ARROWROOT, &c.-150 tins Jamaica, and 23 packages St. Vincents, at auction, were taken in at 4id per lb, and 24 barrels Tapioca were brought in at 2id per lb for ord. TALLOW.---The market is rather firmer. HAY MARKETS. SMITHFIELD.—Meadow hay, 21 15s to 5/ Os ; clover ditto, 3115 s to 6/ Os ; and straw, 1116 s to 2/ 2s per load. A full average supply, and a fair demand. CIIMBERLAND.—Meadow hay, 21 18s to 51 5s ; clover ditto, 31 15s to 6/ Os ' • and straw, 1116 s to 215 s per load. Trade steady, at full prices. WHITECRAPEL.—Meadow hay, 21 15s to 5/ Os; clover ditto, 31 153 to 61 64 ; and straw, 1116 s to 21 2s per load. Supply good, and trade rather dull. DRURY-LANE THEATRE.—Mr. E. T. Smith opened this theatre last night for a promenade concert, which he proposes to repeat to-mdrrow and Thursday. The pit has been covered with the boardings which have so often done duty in the days of Jullien ; and the back of the stage hung with the draperies of like familiar service. The orchestra stands in the centre of the area, and com prises a large body of instrumentalists, under the com mand of Mr. G. Hayward, assisted by Mr. Duggan, who superintends, especially, the vocal department. The selection of last night was made with a judicious re ference to the popular taste, the instrumental music, consisting of an overture by Auber, and polkas, quad rilles, and boleros, by ,Tullien, Bosisio, and D'Albert, being vigorously and brilliantly rendered., The vocalists were Miss Featherstone, Mr. Henri Drayton, Miss Poole, and others, whose exertions were rewarded with loud applause. The price of admission being the same as to Jullien's, the house was crowded, and from the manner in which the whole passed off, there appears to be little doubt that this new bid for the public patronage will be successful. LYCEUM THEATRE.—Mr. Allcroft commenced a series of promenade concerts: hero last night, when the first part of the programme consisted of a selection from the works of Mendelssohn, the second part being made up of miscellaneous pieces. The evening commenced with the overtui e to Ruy Blas, nicely played by the band of instrumentalists heretofore known as the London orchestra, consisting of some of our best orchestral players, conducted by Mr. Frank Mori. Some vocal pieces were sung by Mdlle. Mille, Miss Rebecca Isaacs, Miss Blanche Tudor, and Mr. Augustus Braham ; but the grand feature of the concert was the performance of the violin concerto by Herr Ernst. His performance was distinguished by his usual masterly execution and refined expression, and his reception was enthusiastic. The second part was made up of that mixed fare which the best suits the taste of the million, and without a due infusion of which no concerts of this class would be likely to succeed. With half the evening, however, devoted to classical music, the influence of these popular concerts must be beneficial to the public taste. MR. C. H. ADAMS.—For many years past Mr. C. H. Adams has occupied the Adelphi Theatre during the penitential week, and we look for his lecture on astro nomy and his tunes on the musical glasses as regularly as we look for anything. It was not surprising, there fore, to find him at his post last night, bringing with him his numerous transparencies illustrative of the phe nomena of the heavens, and the aforesaid musical glasses. To record the fact of the brief return of this gentleman is all that is necessary. His lecture, which he delivers with his accustomed fluency, com prises a popular outline of the science with which it pro fesses to deal, with notices of the discoveries which have recently been made by Mr. Hind and other diligent star finders. It is replete with interesting information, while his diagrams, stationary and moveable, give such practical force to his descriptions as the public understanding requires. S.T. MARTIN'S HALL.—Last night Mr. Glover gave his annual concert in the hall, when a very numerous audience assembled to listen to Clara Novello, Rita Favanti, Madame Sediatzek, Madame Amadei, with Sims Reeves, and- others. On the whole the concert afforded satisfaction. ROYAL GALLERY OF ILLUSTRATION, 14, REGENT• STREET.—Messrs. Grieve and Telbin, ever alive to the wants of the public in that branch of art in which they have become so justly celebrated, exhibited yesterday a diorama illustrating the route of the British army to the seat of war, combined with the much-admired Overland Mail Diorama, which has been entirely renovated on this occasion. The views of Constan tinople, St. Petersburg, and Sebastopol, were also shown, as well as a new picture by night of the Darda nelless, from a sketch by Lieutenant O'Reilly, of the Retribution. In this scene the general effect of moon light on the water is extremely well managed. The exhi tion commences with the embarkation of the first body of troops from the Southampton docks, on board a large steamer, which occupies the front of the picture, while its supposed progress is indicated by the moving of the back scene, on which is passed in review Portsmouth, Spithead, the Isle of .Wight, Osborne, and so on to the arrival of the troops at Malta. The leading views have all been described before, but they cannot be either too highly or too frequently praised, not only for their local interest, but also for the artistic skill with which they are designed and executed. The diorama concluded with the celebrated Taj Mehal, com prising the gateway, the exterior of that magnificent building, by moonlight, and the interior, showing the elegant marble screen, by lamplight. Many of the scenes were much applauded, and the whole exhibition appeared to give great satisfaction. THE NEW CATTLE MA RKET.--A deputati on f rom t h e parish of St. Mary ' s, Islington, consisting of the clergy, ministers, churchwardens, trustees, and vestry- c l er k, h as just presented a petition to the Court of Common Council, with reference to the alteration in the day of holding the market, so as to av o id th e d esecration of the Sabbath. The petition, which was s i gne d by 16,000 inhabitants, and bound in a larg e vo l ume, was, after some discussion, ordered, upon the suggestion of the Lord Mayor, to be read, as was a l so a l etter from the Bishop of London, in which the right rev. prelate ex pressed an earnest hope that the petition would be fa vourably received, and tha.t,. thereby, th e d esecrat i on of the Sabbath might be diminished. Th e pet i t i on was re ferred to the Markets' Committee, with power to report to the Court of Common Council. " WESTMINSTER ABBEY ; OR, THE DAYS OF THE RE FORMATION," is the title of the new historical romance by the author of Whitefriars." It is destined to people the Gothic solitudes of that s reat monument of the past with "beings of the mind" asinstinct with vitality and passion as the world-famous personages of the Notre Dame of Victor Hugo. The whole abbey is, besides, by an ingenious application of the unity of pl ice, made the threatre for the most important events of the dawning Reformation. The most interest ing historical personages of the age are grouped upon its vast stage "in their very form and lineament s as they lived." King Henry VIII., Anne Boleyn, Car dinalthe sunshine\ Tols at ey, t C h r e a nhmi bidding g L o a f ti t n h i e e r l , itearnadyßidl necromancer,ey , revisit its and sweep the dust of ages from aisles, while the personage of the martyr hero, and the extraordinary combinations of his doom are alone sufficient to entitle the author of " Whitefriars" to the highest honours of original and pathetic genius.—Britannia. .FAILURE.—The letters from Paris 'mention' that a meeting of the creditors of Messrs. Leroy de Chabrol and Co. is appointed for the 15th, when it is thou g ht the bankruptcy m a y be superseded, as their affairs are stated to look better than had been anticipated, and there is no doubt of all the debts of the establishment being paid in full. 21 - 23 - 7i Si 14 —l2 di 15 17 8 -- 7c 89 - 51 - 52} 13 - 14 8 • 101 ii = ii 7 - 8 IE . = la ••• ••• llt - 12 5 9 - 61 66 - 58 ii - ii 58 62 84i 85 74 76 120 - 122 89 - 91 ni -; 72 85 90 10 12 D 10 7 - - 12 p 58i 59 811 7id iii = E, 7J--. 8i 4d - 4P 96i— 974 944- 95 Icl-- td id 1 id 75 76 14 —l3 1.2 —11 d 19i - 20 571 - 57/ 33 - 35 j ... ... td— *d 7 sdl 6 8 44 47 30 1 gid 50 54 Par iP 7 6td 74 8 • 28 - 30 81 83 51 - 53 50 - 52 50 -- 52 3i -- 20 13 -- 15 64 7i 10 -- I . z 4 -- 3id 13 - 15 57i -58 i 32 - 33 4 - 21 4 - 5 •l 7 - 30 . - 34 18 19 4 - 5 21 23 44 - 5j 6- - 7 64 65 91 8 di 51 4idi 44 -- 45i1 PREFERENCE SHARES 95 - 97 6 - 3 - 31 4 - 4i - P - P 6 - P 12 -12 i 23 - 24 3 —3t xd -- ...xd 110 —ll2 104 - 106 9i - 9i ad G 7 93' 95 87 89 88 90 Id par 128 132 xd it - 21 p .. ..• 5i 0 81 9 is par 128 id 130 l xd ••• xd ••• xd : xd " xd 93 - 96 xd .. 8 9 15A IGi 10 11 13 id P 22 23 97 99 15 20 .2 -- ld 85 - 90 3,1 - 3 i 11 125 - 135 28 -- 30 LO2 -- 104% 51 -- 52 25 -- 26 121 -- 133 22 -- 24 2A 2ixd ..• 89 - 91 - xd xd ••• 3 —24 d 27 - 29 90 --- 92 22 3 MINES 21 1 --- d i - 6 - - 39 41. la 10 12 50 60 2 4 11 - 21 .. .. i - 1 -- tO lixd 0 a 8 i - 1-, 15 - 17 - 3 - 28 - 30 8 - 10 3i - - 4 3 - 3i - i i d i - A 4 3ad i 1 5 4d -hp 3 1) 0 11 - ift 10 5 d 4f —3 d 22 23 -16 p 7 - 9 . 241 I id 4 3d - 6i, - 7 iii ---- 2.61 7i - 8A 10 - llb 42 -41 32 31 27i 284 pm H par d 7a 8 ••• - pm 3 - 4 3 p d 5i - 4-01 BANKS. 71 - 73 . d li ld 4 -- 3} d 1 3i -- 2d 45 - 47 36 - 38 63 - 65 6 - 7 81291 ItiAILIVAT3. Aberdeen &rag. Nottug. Bost and Eastn. Junct Belfast & Ballymena Birming. Wolverh. Stour Valley .... . . .- Birkenhd. Lancsh. Cheshire Junct Do. Chesh. & Birk., £5O and £25 Cons. Do., £20. .. Blyth & Ty - ne original £25 (issd. at £45) Bristol anti Exeter Ca1ed0nian............ Chester & Holyhead. Cork and. Bandon.., Cork, Black, & Pass. Cornwall Crieff Junction Dublin&BelfastJunc, Dundee Perth&Aber• deen Junotiou Do. New East Anglian Do., (elB E & H) Eastern Counties Eastern Union, Al Stock ......... Do., B. Stock IDo., New A.... East Lancashire Edinburgh& Glasgow Edinb. and Peebles Edin. PrL h dr Dundee Forth & Clyde June Drasgow & S. Western Great Northern Stk. Do., A. Stock Do., B. Stock Gt. Sth. &West.(lre.) Great Western Irish South-Eastern Lancaster & Carlisle Do Thirds I Do. New Thirds. Lancash.andYorksh Do., Fifths Da., Wst. Riding Un Leeds Northeru Liv. Crsby.&Southpt London & Blackwall Loud. Tilb. & Sthend. Loud. Bright & S.Cst, Bond. and N. Westn, Do. Fifths Do.lo/.5h.,M&8...0 Do. Eighths LondoiiandS. Weatn. Do., £5O Do., .£4 0 Landrry& Coleraine Lncindru. &_Ennisls. 32anch.Shef.& Linelu Do., Man. & Liu. Un. 'Midland Do. Birmng. & Derb3 Midid. G. West. (Ire., Do. Half. Shares Newcastle & Carlisle Newmarket Do. , Bury Extension. Nwpt.Aberg. &Hrfd Newly & Enniskillen Newry Warrenpoint, and Rostrevor ' Norfolk Northn.Counties Un, North British North Devon, No. 1 Do., No. 2 Do., A Deferred ' Do., B Guaranteed North London Do. New 410 ' N.&S.Wstrn.,Hamp• stead, and City Jn., North Staffordshire , North Western N. & S. Westrn. June Nuneaton, Hinckley and Leicester Oxford, Worcester, & Wolverhampton 1 Portsmouth (Scottish Central ~ IScottishMidland Shrewsbury &Bit mg. Do. L. & N. Western Guaranteed Steak Shrewsby. & Horefd Shrewsby. & Chostei (N. "W. Min ; , 'Do. Halves,: Do. Oswest 'Shropshire Union Do. A, B, C,& paid no at per cent South Devou South Eastern.. South Wales S. Yrksh. & Riv. Dun Do Staines, Wok. &Wok Stockton & Darling. Stockton & llartlepi. Taff Vale . Do. £lO shares. Do. Pref., No. 1. Thames Haven Dock and Railway Vale of Neath Waterfd. & Kilkenny Waterford&Limeriek' West Cornwall West End of London and Crystal Palace..' West London. Wimbledu & Croydon York Newetl.&Berw. Do. Extensions Do. G.N.E. Purchase York & N. Midland Aberdeen. Do. No. 2, p. c. Blyth and Tyne 10 per c. pref. (issd. at 50/) Bris. & Ex. 4 p. c. St. Do. 4 p. c. Shares Caledonian £lO 100 5 100 all Chester & Holyhead Guar. 5A per cent Cork &Bandons/p.c Dundee Perth &Aber , deen Junction EastAnglian (X3lo s 6 per cent Do. (-„CS) 7 per cent. Do. (.E7 17s) 7 p. c. Eastern Counties Ex tension, 5 p. c. No.l Do. No. 2 . all all 1100 100 100 100 6 100 Do. New 6 p. c. St. Eastern Union, Scrip Guar. 6 per cent Do. 5d., 10 per cent Do. 10(. Debentr.Sh ' East Lan cash. 6 p. cts. East and West York shire June. Prof P.] dinb Prth.&Dundee 51 per cent. Gliisiow&S.Western Guar. 5 per cent._ Great Northn. 5 p. c. Do. 5 p. c. Redeem., at 10 p. c. prem... Do. 4 p. e. Scrip 3t.N. of Scot. Ist Pref Gt. Southn.&Wcstm. (Ireland) Eighths) Do. 4 per c. Pref. Sh Gt. Westn. (Barks Si Hants Ex. 5 p. c) Do. coy. red. 4.4 Do. con. red. 4 p. c. Do. lived. 4 p. Lan. & York. P. £2O Do. 6 p. c. Stock Leeds N. 6 p. c. No.l Do. Quarters, 1848„; Loudon and Brighton Guaranteed 5 p. c Do. Pref., 5 p. c. St. Do. Convertible, 5 p 1852 Do. New Guar.6 Lon. &N. W., Coy. &, Nuneaton Loudon & S. Western Con. Thirds Londonderry& Coler, Shares Coady. & Ennis.l Sh. NTan., Shef., Sz, Lin. Shares, No. 1. • Do. New, £lO D0..C6 104 100 100 1001 100 100 100 100 qarypt Carl. 4 p. c, Do. 4:4 per cent Do.. \lid. Consol.6 p.c.St., Do. Consol. Bristol & P.irni. 6 per cent Do. Pref. 4A per cent! Nrorfolk Debenture Do. Prof. 4 p. c. Stock Do. 5 p. c. Ext Do. A per et . Do. Way. Val. 5 p. c. North British . 4 North Staffordshire Oxford, Worcester, Wolverh. £l5, 6 p.c Do Seat. Cent. , New Prof &Birm.N.G. 313rowsby. & Chaster (Nor.W.Miu), S • Do. 5 per cent South Devon D. fixed, 4i per cent S. Eastern (Reading Ann.) of £1 Os. a. Do. 4? .s per cent. S.Yorksh.4p.e.Guar Stockton and Dar- lingtou, 4 per cent, Do. do. do, Stockton and Hartle• pool, guar. 5 p. c. till Ist July, 1856 Watcrfd.Bcliilk.6p.c. York, Newcastle,and Per wick,4 p.c. Pref Do Vork&N.Midlandll and, 8, Purch 100 8i 50 1 116 St. 194 all all 8: 100 100 100 - 42i 34 86 5i 81 8 per cent, pm ad RAILWAY. Bedford and Bnckghamsh. Clydesdale Jc. E. Lincoln gr. 6 per cent: Glas. BaUT•. & Neils. Direct Do. New...... Glstr.& Dn. Fr Hrtlpl. Dk. & Railway Hull & Selby Do. j Shares. Do. 4 Shares. Lon.&Greenw Do. Preference Lowestoft gr. 4 per cent. 'Do. 6 per ct. Ilanch. Batas and Matlock Middleibro' & Redcar Midld.Bradfd Northern and Easternsp.c. Do. 6 per ct. Do. Fixedsp e Prest. & Wyrc Do. blares. Roystn.& Hit. Do.Shepth.St Shef.lloth.and Gooleg.s P.C. S. Staffordsh. Wear Valleygr 6 per cent Do Wilts&Somrst Agna Fria Anglo Austrin. Gold Anglo Californian Australasian Australian Australian Cordillera Australian Freehold Ave Maria Baden (Gd. Duchy of) Blaenarvon Ir. do Coal British Austrin. Gold British Iron Brazilian Imp. (issue d at £5 pm Do. Cocaes & Cuiada Do. St. John Del Rey Carson's Creek Clarendon Con. Min Co. of Jamaica pobre Copper Colonial Gold Copiapo - Copper Min. of Eng. Do. Pref. 74 p. cent, English and Austrin, Copper Smeltg.Co, General Great Nugget Vein Do. Registered Great Polgooth Liberty Linares Lond.&Californ.Gold Quartz Crush. Co Mariquita aexicau&S.Amelien New Granada New Linares Mining and Smelting Co Nouveau Monde Pontgibaud Silver Lead Min. & Smelt Port Philip Quartz Rock Rhymney Iron Do. New (Santiago de Cuba youth Australian rin Cr0ft..... ....., United Alexi'a', all Waller all West Granada , all West Mariposa 12s: Worthing Mining 01 Australia all Yuba FORED Antwerp&Rotterdam Belgian Eastu. Juuc Beziers to Graissessac Bombay, Baroda, an Central India,Scrip Central of Italy Charleroi & Erquelin Demerara Dijon and Besancon [Dutch Rhenish East Indian Do. Extension Gt. Indian Peninsula Gd. Junet. of France. Grd. Trunk of Canada Do. Debentures. Do. do Gt. Central of France Gt. Western of Canada Shares Do. Bonds (Ist is.)'s7l Hamilton & Toronto Do. 6 per cent. Lake Coust. & Bas 1( Lucca & Pistoja 5 p.e pref,... Luxembourg Do. (Railway) Do. Prof (Canal) 6 p. et.yref Lyons and Geneva Lyons & Mediterran, Madras Marra Antonia IDo. do. New Melbourne Dk. & Ry. Namur & Liege (with interest) Do. (ex interest) Northern of France Do. 201. 3 p. c Bds (fmy.B. & hms. Shs. ) NorwegianTrunkPrel Paris and Lyons Ditto Bonds Paris and Orleans Paris and Rouen Paris and Straskzpurg, ParisCaen & Cherbrg , Quebec dr Richmond, Rouen and Havre Royal Danish Royal Swedish all Sambre and Meuse 6 Do. 54 p. cent. Pref 6 Southern of Frauce 1 8 St. Andrew's and' Quebec (A) all West Flanders all Do 5 ¢ per c. Pref 10 Western of Franco ' 7 West. of Switzerland 2 Wiesbaden 15 Zealand JOINT-STOI Australasia British Colonial Bank and Loan Company British N. American Chart& Bank of Asia Chrtd. Bnk. of India, Australia, & China Colonial Commercial of Loud English Scottish and Australian Loud. Chart. Bk. 01 Australia ------ London and County.. London Joint Stock.. Loud. & Westminster National Provincial of England Do. New National of Ireland New South Wales Oriental Bank of Corporation. Do. New Provincial of Ireland Do. New Royal Australu.Bkg. & old Imp Co South Australia Union of Australia Do. New Union of London.. MISCELLANEOUS 'Rubin Coal and Iron Australian Agricult. Australsn. Pcific. Mail Australn. Royal Mail Berlin Water Works Brit. American Land Brit. dx Coln. Smeltg. and Reduction Co Canada Crystal Palace Crystal Pal. of France Eastern Steam Electrit Telegraph (A) Do. (B) Electric Teleg. of Ir Geu. Steam Navigat General Screw Steam Irish Beetroot Sugar Magdalena St. Navig. Nat. Pat. Steam Fuel Netlerlands Laud N. S. W. Coal & inter Steam Navigat. Co N. B. Australasian Do. New iai L: ai! 75 go 68 61 16 - fi 1 - 3 1 4 efEnropeSteam Peel nr. L(1. & Peninsular& Ovieutal 1 -- (' 50 2 100 1 25 Do. Do. Portland Iron Co Royal Mail Steam ... Seot. Austral. Invest. South Austral. Land Submar. Telegraph.. Do. Registered........ Van Diemen's Land i ?. sP ..• t 34 s 36 1 9 —ll 3G 7 TELEGRAPH TO WHITBY. --Arrangements h ave b een completed with the Electric Tel e g ra p h Co mpany for the extension of the wires from Billington to Whity, and operations for their erection will be commenced forth with.—Yorkshire Gagette. 9 3 8 2s. all a ll all all all 100 all 13.5 15 all all all all all all all 1 10 1 1 all all 15 10 all IDo.. LITERA T URE. The Zoist. No. XLV. A curious and singularly attractive series of pap ers relating to the living and dead brain of the late Benjamin Robert Hayd o n, the historical painter, constitute the chief matter of interest in the quar terly journal of " Mesmerism and Cerebral Phy siology." There are some other contributions of various ability, but this group of papers relating to Haydon constit u t es , we re p ea t, th e principal charm of the new number of the Zoist for the quarter just commenced. The article on " Table Moving and Spiritual Manifestations" is admirable as an intellectual onslaught upon one of the most recent, as it is also one of the most extravagant, of all popular displays, of superstition. The review of Mr. Townshend's last publication on " Mes merism" is worthy of particular attention as a di rect reply to a late, and, to our thinking in many respects, a very masterly analysis of that subject in the Quarterly. Subject for reflection will be found in the record, penned by Mr. B. B. Mor rison, of mesmeric cures, among other diseases, of palsy, deafness, convulsions, and apparent con sumption. several other mesmeric cases are men tioned further on by Dr. Esdaile in another contri bution., Mr. Ratt er ' s treatise on " Human Elec tricity is examined by Philaletbes. There are accounts of two mesmeric cures of ganglion by Mr. Capern, of St. John's Wood, an d by Mr. Lloyd, of Fulford, in Yorkshire. Beside which there is a brief announcement, at the close of this number of the Zoist, of the progress made by the cause of " Mesmerism in Edinburgh." Readable as all these papers undoubtedly are, some of them, in deed possessing a singular attraction, the group of papers relating to Mr. Haydon, the historical . painter, will be found, we believe, with the gene rality of readers, the most curious and most inte resting of all the contributions. They form a strange pendant to " Autobiography edited by Mr. Tom Taylor. They tend appreciably towards the elucidation of the complex character of the un fortunate artist. The engraving accompanying them represents three views from a cast of the head of Mr. Haydon—the comprehension of which is aided by a phrenological account of the "propor tions" discernible in the " development." Ob serve what Dr. Elliotson himself has written (pp. 62, 63) in reference to the poor suicide :-- "I knew Mr. Haydon, from having been requested by him to visit some of his family in sickness, and I always cheerfully gave them my professional assistance. At the time of his suicide, Mr. Walter Bryant, of the Edg ware-road, invited me, with great good feeling, to assist in the inspection of the body. It was a frightful sight to behold him on the floor, with a gun-shot wouna in his head, a deep gash 3n each side of his throat, and a half opened bloody razor at his side. The melancholy of.the scene was increased by the strong marks of vanity in the arrangement of the death show—the body lying in his painting room, before an imperfect picture on his easel, a portrait of his wife placed opposite, and his diary open and just completed. When it is considered that a prayer-book also lay open at the gospel for the sixth Sunday after the Epiphany, and there were affectionate letters addressed to his wife and children, and a paper of directions, confessing distraction and wildly expressed insane vanity—' I have done nothing all my life that will render me fearful of appearing before the awful con sciousness of my invisible God, or hesitate to explain my actions !'—and a hope that his worthy and unworthy creditors would forgive him—the whole was harrowing, and an epitome of his previous life. Imperfection in his art inordinate vanity—selfishness —strong domestic affection—bitterness, moral unscrupulousness, which is surely unprincipledness—violence—only moderate intel ligence, pharisaical airs, and superstition, characterised him. His religion was very different from genuine piety. It was the feeling and conduct which might be shown towards a very powerful person who could inflict misery, and grant him what he wished—grant that his son should get through the examination at Cambridge, that he might sell two of his pictures, and that people should flock to the exhibition of his pictures—to effect which purpose he wrote also strong and vulgar puffs." From a postscript to the second article in the Zoist for the new quarter, we extract the following as another illustration of the folly of belief in this monstrous humbug of table-rapping and spiritual manifestations. The writer has been protesting against this humbug, and designating every be liever in it " a blockhead." Whereupon he adds— " We have also given examples, alas ! too numerous, in our last number, of insanity produced by these igno rant fancies ; and now we have to record another, in the person of a well-known authoress, who always had indulged in such superstitions, and has of course adopted all the recent spirit fancies. She has gone stark mad and stark naked on the spirit-rapping. She was found the other day in the open street, as her mother bore her, except that she had a pocket handkerchief in one hand and a card in the other. She said the spirits had in formed her that, if slie,walked out so prepared, she would be invisible. She is now in a madhouse." So much for the blessin , 6 3 produced by this new importation from Yankeeland. TILE BALTIC SEA. It is probable that this curious labyrinth of isle-en tangled and coast-sheltered waters will, after all, be the theatre of our first military operations in the struggle which it is now universally admitted is at hand. Its great length, and comparatively small breadth, give it the form of an extensive gulf, and as such it would be considered, if it were not separated from the North Sea by the low and narrow tract of land which forms the southern part of the Danish peninsula called Schleswig. The longest straight line drawn through the Baltic would be about nine hundred miles, and the breadth no where exceeds 150 miles. The area is computed at 160,000 square miles. The Gulf of Bothnia, which is a vast sea in itself, running up between Norway and Finland, joins it on the north, and the Gulf of Finland prolongs it in the east. The entrance from the Atlantic is by a large gulf called the Kattegat, which separates Denmark from Norway and Sweden, and by three straits, the Sound, the Great Belt, and the Little Belt, which may be considered the three gates by which the Baltic is en tered. Having passed the pine-crowned cliffs of Norway, and threaded the numerous small isles of the Kattegat, we approach these formidable gates. So far as regards the powerful naval expedition that recently left our shores, we need only consider two of these gates or entrances. The southernmost, or Little Belt, which separates the peninsula, of Jutland from the island of Funen, is too long, the navi gation too intricate, and the depth of water too variable to be attempted by large vessels. Its whole length is about 80 miles, and in some places, as at Ferdina, near the entrance, and at Middlefahrt, it is less than a mile in width. The depth varies from 4to 27 fathoms. The middle entrance, the Great Belt, separates the islands of Funen and Zealand. It is about 70 miles in length, and from eight to twelve miles in width. The navigation of this passage is also dangerous, owing to numerous shoals and small low islands. The third entrance, the Sound, through which one of the vessels of our fleet passed a few days since, separates Sweden from the island of Zealand. It is about 30 miles long, and asthe entrance, where it is narrowest, between Kronburg and Helsingborg, it is only a mile and a half across. The navigation of this channel is safe, and the depth of water varies from 10 to 20 fathoms. The fortress of Kronborg, which is about 25 miles from Copenhagen, is placed at the extremity of the tongue of land on which stands the town and castle of Elsinour, and commands the entrance of the Sound. The whole of these three entrances are strongly fortified, and are as completely the keys of the Baltic, as the castles and fortresses of the Dardanelles are the keys of the Black Sea and Constantinople, and it is somewhat singular that nature has thus interposed obstacles to the ambitious designs of Russia, by placing her, as it were, under arrest in her own vast dominions, with sentries at her only points of egress both in the north and south. Having passed the Sound, and arrived at Copenha gen, we are fairly within the Baltic. The northern ;bore is generally high and precipitous, and covered with magnificent pine forests, producing timber of the finest.o quality ; the southern coasts, on the contrary, are- w and marshy, and lined by numerous sand banks all the way to the entrance of the Gulf of Finland. The basin of the Baltic is of considerable ex tent, and it re ceives the waters of several large rivers, and the drainage of more than a fifth of the surface ofEurope. Perhaps innomotnhoeh snow r inhabi l t a e l d l country on the face of the globe does so the countries round the in the course of the year n a m s a in y be accounted for by the Baltic. This phenomenon may alternately with warm moisture, and subject a t mo sphere of the sea t t b o e a - d r y piercing c o ld, an d b y the rapid transition from one to the othehr.estThgerapnraorvyinceost bordering the d and no otfethreicearth approaching the globe ; so near to the polar circle can be compared to them in natura l wea l t h. The immense quantity of melted snow water that falls into the Baltic renders it less salt than the Black Sea. Its much average depth is small compared with its area, being only forty to sixty fathoms. It is t o th ese two circumstances, its co mparative freshness and want of depth, is to be attributed that the shores, and nearly the whole of its surface, are every year covered with ice, which in gene ral, from the end of December to the beginning of April, locks up completely the harbours, straits, and bays, and interrupts the navigation. In severe winters large portions of the Baltic have been frozen sufficiently hard to allow of an army to cross. The current is not rapid ; it sets outward towards the Kattegat, and the tides are scarcely felt, the rise or fall at Copenhagen scarcely exceeding a foot. Another peculiarity of the Baltic, and of the gulfs in which it terminates, is exceed ingly important as regards the naval expedition which h.ts just entered its waters. The ice does not leave the whole of this vast sheet simultaneously. The western parts are free and disengaged much sooner than the eastern, and from west to east the process of liberation once begun, stretches further and further by well-known gradations.—From Custilie's Russia. RAILWAY BILLS OF 1854.—The report of the Board of Trade to the general committee on railway and canal bills, on the railway bills of 1854, has just been issued. It appears from the report that the number of railway bills which have been deposited this session, amounts to 138. Two additional bills, not strictly ra i lwa y bills, but relating to railways, have been considered wit h these, which makes the number included in the report 14 0.--Railway Rom?. THE FUTURE OF TURKEY. Amid the din of war, or in the more awful SUP pense which precedes its first ontburst, it may seem unseasonable to criticize institutions or re commend financial experiments. But, as far as human knowledge can foresee the future, the hos tilities which now threaten the world will have no common duration, and, even should peace be re stored more speedily than a thinking man cap venture to hope for, still its security must de pend on the elevation of a . moral barri er aga i ns t aggression, and on the enlightenment and pros perity of those who, after all, must really decide their own d es ti n y. Th e material improvement of this country cannot begin too soon. If the war were a thing of six months, we might be content to. await its termination ; but in the approaching struggle of years, with the whole commerce of the East swept away, witkvast armies to be fed, clothed, paid, and pensioned, with few of the Ottoman pro vinces strongly attached to the Imperial rule, some notoriously disaffected, and some in actual revolt, it becomes us to see that what resources remain are duly developed, and that above all, facilities are made for the supply of food during the coming trials, not only in the armies, but also to the po pulation, whose attachment or disaffection may turn the scale at the crisis of the st rugg l e. Th e Sultan's rule is virtually limited to Constantinople, and his counsellors are elightened and liberal only under the eye of Ambassadors and Consuls. F un d s have been squandered and orders disregarded on this very subject of internal communication, and it is. not likely that a better state of things will follow except under the authority and through the close supervision of men more upright and active than Pashas and their satellites. Th e geographical con figuration of the country, indented with inland seas and possessing capacious harbours, may be in part the cause of this neglect of land communication ; but the time is past when these can be considered sufficient, and the attention of those in authority must be sternly called to the facilitation of internal traffic, as the first condition of real improvement. Closely connected with this subject is one which has already received some attention at home. We are every year sending to the extremities of the globe bands of emigrants, the outcasts of our crowded shores or the hopeful pioneers of a new state. But why s h ould they expatriate themselves to regions so distant that a letter only gives the in telligence of what is long p as t, an d to rev i s i t the i r c ountry seems an idle ddream? Here, withi n a mo derate distance of their place of birth, is a la n d blessed with all that can afford the means of wealth and happiness. Here the emigrant does not find the blazing sun and sandy plains of Australia, nor is he exposed for months to the insufferable cold of a Canadian winter. He comes to a portion o f t h e earth the geography and productions 9f which are known ; he establishes himself in the neighbourhood of civilised nations, on the banks of the great sea which is the historical centre of the earth ; he is on the highway between East and West ; by his exer tions another generation may see the commerce of the Old World, from Cadiz to Canton, take the route of the Euphrates and the Persian Gulf ; and he advances the interests of the mother country by linking more closely to her those Indian depen dencies with which her greatness is bound up. Vast tracts of country in the neighbourhood of the noblest harbours, and watered by navigable streams, only want the hand of the cultivator to yield an abundant harvest. The corn of Russia, the wool of Australia, and the wines of France might be ri valled by the productions of Anatolia and Syria, and the deserted cities of antiquity once more raise their heads in the centre of a new race and a more durable civilisation. The only obstacle to the regeneration of these glorious regions is the domination of an effete religion and an in capable race. The authority of the Mahomedan ecclesiastics extends over three-fourths of the land which forms the fairest portion of the Turkish empire. By the system of vacoufs the church has gradually drawn to itself all that is most valuable in the territorial property of the country. The wealth of mediaeval Rome in Wes tern Europe did not approach the proportions to which the resources of the Ottoman church have attained in our own day, yet the last has become great by the same means, and through the influence of the same social conditions. On the conquest of new territory a part has always been set aside by the Turks for the service of religion ; but these lands form but a small part of the ecclesiastical possessions, which have accumulated for centuries, chiefly in the following manner :—As the possessor of land, whether Osmanli or Rayali, was exposed to the plunder and oppression of his superiors, while the property of the church was in ' violable, lie was willing and was encouraged by the class who were both ecclesiastics and lawyers to conclude a fictitious sale, by which the land was nominally transferred to the church, while the original possessor received the benefit— , on these conditions, however, that if he died with out children the land became altogether the pro perty of the church, who thus, in return for her protection, purchased the reversion, on certain conditions, of vast tracts of land. By the extinc tion of families most of them are now ecclesiastical property, and this accumulation of wealth in the hands of the most bigoted and intolerant priesthood forms the chief obstacle to any improvement, and is one of those deep-seated evils which neither Mahmoucl nor Abd-ul-Medjid have until now dared to touch.—Constantinople Correspondent of the RAIL - WAY TRAFFIC RETURNS'. LONDON, BRIGHTON, AND SOUTH COAST RAILWAY.-- Traffic return for the week ending April 8, 1854 £12,963 1 7 Corresponding week last year 11,492 19 9 Total of the half-year to this date, 1854 139,978 3 0 Total of the half-year to this date, 1853 122,377 3 1 LONDON AND SOUTH-EASTERN RAlLWAY.—Traffic re• turn for the week ending April 1, 1851 £16,047 12 1 Corresponding week last year 13,737 7 7 Increase in 1854.. £2,310 4 6 MILITARY CAMP, OR TRAINING GROUND.—The autho rities of the War-office, having obtained a grant from Parliament of 100,0001., for the purpose of purchasing land for occupation by the army, have bought about 4,000 acres of land at Aldershot, Farnham, and Ash, in the counties of Hampshire and Surrey, about 35 miles from London. From the bold elevations and undulating character of the land, it is admirably adapted for that purpose. The Basingstoke Canal, with some contribu tory lakes at Ash, affords opportunities of display in crossing rivers, and exercise in various other military tactics. The nearest railway stations from London will be the South-Eastern and the South-Western, both at Ash, and within a mile of the ground. It is intended to encamp the militia on the ground in the ensuing month. Parties are already building and speculating on the im proved value of land in that locality. COMMUNICATION WITEI TURRRY.—The communica tion with Turkey has further been improved by the es tablishment of a supplementary mail service between Marseilles and Constantinople by packets of the French Government. French mail packets will hereafter leave Marseilles for Constantinople six times in each month, viz. on the Ist, 6th, 1 lth, 16th, 21st, and 26th of the mon th. The packets leaving on the Ist, 11th, and 21st will call at Malta, Syra, Smyrna, Mytilene, the Darda nelles, and Gallipoli, and those leaving on the 6th, 16th, and 26th will call at the Piratus, at Messina, and G a llipoli. The latest period for posting in London let ters intended to be forwarded by these packets, will be the evenings of th e 3 r d , B t h , 13th, 18th, 23rd, and ' 28th. m of a e y ac b h e m p o o n st t e h ; do b n u t t he w 2 h 9 e t n h th i n e s m te o a n d th of h t a h s e 3 2 l B d t h a y . s , eOnt theers other hand, letters must be posted on the previous evenings wh en any o f the dates above specified fall on a Sunday. ST. PETERSBURG.—The advices from Russia continue to exhibit a total absence of reaction from the rapid de terioration of the Government paper currency. At St. Petersburg strong evidence is given of the view enter tained by the commercial classes as to the value of the statements attempted to be diffused, that a stock of bullion remains in the fortress equal to 19,000,0001. or 20,000,0001. sterling, by the fact that the bank-notes for which this gold is represented to be the security have fallen to a discount of 12 per cent. The last quotation of exchange on London was 33d., and there is every ' indication that the Czar can hope for no financial re sources to enable him to maintain large armies out of his own territory for any lengthened period. Mean while, mercantile disasters of considerable importance are taking place. Ilja Stephanoff, a cotton-dealer at St. Petersburg, has just failed for aboub 70,0001., together with M. Jensen, also a broker at Riga, for about 40,0001., while at Moscow the three firms of A _e o x s e yeff, T. Mathias, and C. Kyber, the amount . of whose liabilities is not yet known, have likewise suspended A t Riga the weather was mild, and the ice was to b rheaadk arrived, v a e b t o L u a t n t d he so i l t i l l i e ef of th t is he r i lonh. e • e ? T ted o would Nv S b ev expectedelrkal ves sels t take away cargoeg. At Revel, also, some exports hemp, &c., were iii progress sent to Prussia and shipped ii Meow!. ATHERTON, by Mary Russell 11 .. .litford, au th or o "Our Village," &c. A genuine English story of the old school, Irts become very rare ; but Miss Mitford, the most truly English of our popular authors, has proved by the publication of her new novel "Ath er t on ," that the style has lost non e of its charm, an d th e inci dents and character none of their interest. Such a heroine as " Katy" would make th e f ortune of any un known writer ; and t he v arious adve n t ures o f th e tenan t s of "The Hall," and "The G rea t F arm, " afford materials for novel -writing which even an inexperienced constructor of stories must have rendered effective. In the hands of the authoress of " Our Village," the narrative be comes one of the most attractive that has been pub lished for some years ; an d i ts li terary merit, i n con junction with i ts purely national character, must recom mend " Atherton" to every reader of taste in the kingdom. the nem- 3Ssed 1 de- Vlan s of his the irce, has, tged, stion Ist of s of Lem ? :ern tha pre- I at ) ob two will led ; you past lave re- Lon hat 100 'as est of 1/1;1 21 2s 100 100 100 100 St. 10 St. 25 20 20 50 20 17 all all 14 all 51s. 1100 20 13A 100 5 10 St. 15 8 10 10 25 10 10.6, 103 6 4 H 45Q 10 5 20 20 201 100 20 20 10 20 40 50 50 100 100 5 25 all 1 22k i 28 i IMO