The Sun. — London, England, 1863-08-08 00:00:00

AMERICAN AFFAIRS. (From the Time;' Correspondent.) NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, July 24. The Americans are hardly out of the old war when they are arready anxious to be in with the new. The Republican press is blowing its thousand trumpets, and if the gauntlet were taken up as readily as it is recklessly flung out we should have the Old and New World by the ears before the win ter set in. " The war in the South," these fire breathing organs declare, "is substantially over. They have 800,000 of the best troops in the world, for whom they must provide congenial employ ment ; they have Generals for whose ambition they must afford a legitimate field; they have internal difficulties not easily to be settled by peaceful trans actions. To cut the knot of these domestic com plications, to weld the North with the South into a unit, a foreign war is necessary, and none can be more, ust and opportune than a - war with England and France, by which the former of these Powers is to be driven out of Canada and the latter out of Mexico ; and by whicli duo chf:btiAment would be inflicted for the meanness and duplicity evinced by Europe throughout every phasic of the American struggle. Were such a war declared at once there would be no further occasion fora draught ; for to whip the Western Powers of Europe from Ude con tinent the country would always supply more Volun teers than would be required." This may be set down as the mere vapouring of crackbrained newspaper writers. A war with Eng land and France at the same time may seem too hazardous a game even for the present rulers at Washingtm, and their New York dogs would not bark so loud if there were the least serious inten tion to bite. No man could believe, however, how deeply the hest of Americans consider themselves aggrieved by the attitude taken by Europe, and especially by England, with respect to their unhappy civil quarrel. Not to be with them is something worse than to be against them, and one can hardly resist the conviction that active inter ference would have been treated with greater re spect than the strictest neutrality. The first words that are invariably addressed to any stranger fresh from the other side of the Atlantic are questions as to the real views and intentions of England. Of what a variety of offences is not John Bull guilty Has he not recognised the South de facto, even while he affected to withhold his recognition de ' • ure? Does he not name the Federals and the Con federates in the same breath, as if he were on the same terms with both ? Does he not consider the reconstitution of the Union an impracticable under taking, and was he not, evenyesterday, speculating on the possible results of Lee's invasion of Penn sylvania, and revolving in his mind how he should deal with the rebels the moment they chanced to get possession of the Capitol ? It was the wish that was parent to the thought; Europe would not be dreaming of defeat and disgrace to America if she did not in her heart long for humiliation, and if she were not bent on hastening and compassing her ruin on the first opportunity, • There is no use of probing this sore wound of American pride. The Union is to them —even to the immense majority of the most moderate among them—dearer than to the Frenchman his "legiti mate influence " over Europe, dearer than to the Briton the long-insured inviolability of his soil. It Es their native element, out of which they die. Union is with them nationality. They do not see that their country stretches over no less than a quarter of the globe; that their people are soon to outgrow all European proportions. They do not consider how much there is of menace and peril to the peace of mankind in the famous motto — "No pent-up Utica confines our powers, For the whole boundless continent is ours." This aspiration to universal empire is no new pheno menon in the world's history. It was the dream of many a brain, from Caesar to Charlemagne, from the Othos to the Napoleons. The novelty consists in seeing a whole people, a people aspiring to the boast of a free people, possessedby such a chimerical am bition. The strangeness lies in the attempt to ground the submission of all the human families on the principle of universal suffrage—in bowing the world, not to one man, but to a sovereign race. Rome strove after the same result, it is true, but she had lost her own freedom long before she con spired against that of mankind. No doubt America has had, as yet, fair play. She has been annexing States and invading territories, she has built up a vast edifice, constructed a Fort of Leviathan ship, which was to outspeed everything afloat, safe against all maritime disasters, proof even against those ills seafaring flesh is heir to. Yet half a century's peace, and her millions would have swelled to a hundred ; the New World would have outgrown, outnumbered the old. With an unex hausted soil, untold wealth, boundless resources, safe from foreign outrage, free from taxation, ex empt from military duty, without an army, a police or a Government—what people would have been like you, 0 Americans ? What Power could have stood against yours ; what limits could have been set to your aspirations; or what could have made you abate one jot of your pretensions ? Had you not laid your plans for the conquest of Cuba ; was not Mexico within your clutches; and did you not cast wistful glances on Port Mahon ? Most assuredly America had fair play allowed to her. With all her exploded notions of a timid, jea lous diplomacy, with all her grovelling, plodding maxims about the balance of power, what could old Europe attempt against America ? Why, she looked at the gourd-like growth of this Transatlantic pro digy, awed and uneasy, yet silent and respectful. America might be the object of much envy and ill will ; but 'who dared to touch her ? But now this mighty American bubble has burst; the dream of universal empire is dissolved ; the edifice is crumbling ; the Colossus is proved to have rested on a foot of clay. Can the Americans won der at the unspeakable relief of Europe ? Can they be displeased at her sympathy, not with the rebels, but with the rebellion, which has removed her worst apprehensions—which, even if it do not end in the permanent dissolution of the Union, will crippl e it f or a ti me , an d us h er into it, at any rate, those scourges of standing armies, martial law, heavy taxes, conscriptions and all the other evils Which, lik e some pestilential diseases, were thought ACutuatnicot survive a lug navigation across the doubt, is glad to see America brought dowr te lle ' la rl : r generous, bta it t wn level. The feeling may be un smar‘is irresistible. America, however, .3 tinder, the consciousness of this jealous European IneEtut of her Present peel!' and, could she find an issue out icame be, as the N ea o ccr ne her first thought might be revenged jeure a t e enexprees it, a wish to those who,she conceives gloat on her calamitie s , even f they do i vats them. N o no cons pre to aggra- P e at weight should be given to the vain threats of theswill have for many years, tainly. America h as , an e d Republican papers, her hands hands too full to be swill to combined might of p rance and a contest with the 12 , under present eir she flatter herself that sh e m England; nor can cnmstances, enlist one of those rests against the other. its —or, on i°4B in her inte the civil war so near its close the other hand, is " tho se R e publicans anticipate, and the South vine _ m ore easily overrun than subd ue d. a y be Indeed, if there is any well-settled notion in America, it that the great complications for the North will — only commence when the South shall have definitively succu mbed in the field. But were even everythingve to turn out agreeably to their hopes and wishes, it seems hard to imagine that the men at present in power could exercise so great an ascendancy as to drag after them in so mad a scheme as a European war the sane portion of the community. That there is a sane part of the American commu nity no man has less reason to doubt than myself, in ially w, esec in these for most of the m en I fall • belowith, to p that moderate New England districts, C onser vative set, whose " heart is not changed, although fortune led them cr their fathers or • to fore fathers to change sky and clun2 ." With the best class of Americans no anti - E n g lish fee ling can at any time strike very deep root. The tone of Euro pean opinion against their institutions an d Govern ment greatly wounds them—wounds them all the more deeply as most of those strictures are not easily refuted. The affair of the Trent and the warning off of American men-of-war from the ports of the United Kingdom upon a 48 hours' notice have roused considerable illsfeeling. _The Americans find it unnatural that John Bull should grudge 'the growth and prosperity of his Transatlair lc brother; but they woutd not pick a quarrel with =he fine old gentleman, nevertheless. I must ray, for truth's seke, I do not find seriously hostile fee:ings against England among any of the people I see and hear. Only this class of well-thinking, respectable Ame ricans, strong and influential as they might be by their position, are so far from having the upper hand at this crisis. The " politicians" and the "shoddy" gentlemen are swaying the community. America no longer obeys the " sense and worth" of the country. Had the best men kept their places they would never have been dragged into this miserable civil war. Before the outbreak, where had the Southerners stancher friends, or more ardent admirers, than among the worthiest classes of New Englanders? The partiality of the well-to-do Yankee for those tall Mississippians or strapping Carolinians amounted almost to idolatry. Among the students of Havard University, at the military or naval schools, the youngster from Charleston or Savannah, as I can testify, was looked upon as a superior being. Although rather an unclean animal, addicted to smoking, and swearing, end given to the worstspitting, dissipation, he was held up as a pattern of chivalry cav aliers wasivalry and gen tility, and his descent from the favourably contrasted with the plebeian origin of the grandsons of the sturdy Puritans. Here Sa th ra e tog h a n , ei i e n at all the , s d , r e f n e te o d f at Newport, at Nahant , at Saratoga, r esorts of idleness, as and m ade much of, the v er y S ou thern families moved in theepboeisltedcierchliel o a s s o i i b v l i e l w w a a r r i A n m c e h r e ic w a o n rl s d oc o ie n t e y . there h wouldh e a r v e w es said an d it was between the Northern and Southern States. W e had heard the threat of it a hundred times ; and as many times the fear of it a hundred times ; and as many times the fear of it had been laid aside as chimerical. Indeed, it may be safely said no such war would ever have broken out so long as the sense and worth of the nation had a chance of being heard in the council. But sense and worth shrink from the turmoil of American politics. The best men fall back, and make room for the worst. Under the sway of such men the war with the South has be come a possibility, and, under favourable circum stances, a war with England and France might also become a probable, however remote, contingency. JULY 25. I found Newport in song and dance as I arrived here the other day. The big hotel, Ocean-house, was swarming with fair ladies dressed in the pink of fashion, with all the colours of the wing of a gaudy butterfly. Wealth and luxury reign su preme among those people. Yet the season is a very dull one, up to this time of the year. The first year after the outbreak of, the war, in 1861, was also marked by the same want of social enjoyment. The Americans were at that time stunned by the first blow of their calamity, and the affair of Bull Run had laid the country in sackcloth and ashes. They rallied in the following year, and Newport last summer was more crowded and noisier than usual. The company was none of the best, how ever. A set of new men came up, contractors, smug glers, and other political blacklegs, men to whom the ill wind of war has blown all sorts of good, and who fattened on the common sufferings, like those Monatti of the Milan pestilence described by Man zoni, who had thecare of the dead, and enrichedthem selves with the spoils of the dying. This year these ghouls have not made there appearance, and the best class ofeitizens, who have found for them the new ap pellation of " shoddy" gents, are delighted at their riddance of such company. Lee's invasion of Pennsylvania, and the riots at New York, are, na turally enough, keeping a great many of the holi day folk from their darling haunts. For my own part I should be glad to hear that the Americans are in no humour for amusement, but people assure me that I only ccme too early, and that Newport will be quite full in August and September. There is good reason, indeed, why such places should be sad and desolate. Throughout New England you scarcely enter a door without being aware that you are in the house of mourning. Whatever part the Irish, German, and other hirelings may have borne in this war, I must bear witness that the best classes of Americans have bravely come forth for their country. I know of scarcely a family more than one member of which has not been or is not in the ranks of the army. The youths maimed and crip pled I meet on the high road certainly do not for the most part belong to the immigrant rabble of which the Northern regiments are said to consist; and even the present conscription is now in many splendid instances most promptly and cheerfully complied with by the wealth people, who could easily purchase exemption, but who prefer to set a good example by the sacrifice of themselves. This justice, I think, I owe to the Americans. METROPOLITAN BOARD OF WORKS. The usual meeting of this Board was held yester day, at the offices in Spring-gardens. The Presi dent, J. Thwaites, Esq., took the chair at 12 o'clock. FINANCE. The cash statement for the current week shows a total general balance of £130,278 is. 6d. THE CHARINF-CROSS RAILWAY. A deputation waited upon the board from the vestry of St. Nlartin's.in-the-Fields, for the purpose of presenting a memorial calling on the board not to sanction the proposed plan of the Charing-cross Railway Company, for covering some portion of the public way in front of the new station. The ob jections stated were that in anticipating the large amount of traffic which would be created on the opening of this line, the Legislature had expressly defined certain limits which the company proposed to depart from. On the motion of Mr. DALTON the memorial was received. THE SEWAGE OF THE METROPOLIS. Several tenders having been removed for taking the sewage of the metropolis, it was, after some dis cussion, referred to the main drainage committee for a report. In the meantime the papers connected with it were ordered to be :printed for the use of members. THE THAMES EMBANKMENT. A report was received from the committee ap pointed in this very important matter, stating, among other matters, that with reference to a letter received from the Commissioners of Sewers for the City of London offering to co-operate with the board in effecting au improvement by setting back the houses opposite the opening of the intended new street from Blackfriars to the Mansion House, that the committee consider the line, as proposed by the Commissioners of Sewers, objectionable, but that if an improved line were substituted and an estimate of the cost furnished, they consider the improvement might be such as to justify their recommending the board to give the subject their most favourable con sideration. The report of the committee was adopted. BERMONDSEY PARK. _ _ Mr. LE BRETON brought up the report of the Streets Committee, recommending that the letter from the Bermondsey Vestry be referred back to the committee with instructions to negotiate for a suit able site, not exceeding 40 acres, for a park for the district of Bermondsey, and to report the same to the board. He moved the adoption of the report. Mr. BROOKER moved as an amendment that the e r d by Mr. D'lffanger. question be deferred for three months, which was seconded ,_ ma lt discussion the amendment was negatived were . ooker, of Woolwich; uyi?he pray of 13 to 7. of l4Miff and Mr. Wallis, It r lemen who voted against the motion Greenw ic h . anger Mr. Healey and M . The board, at - September. its Mr. Richardson, , o o f f W m h a r i t v e i c e h b a o p n e e l ; ; A s I n r d . Mr. Silas Taylor, of 'St. Pancras. rising,. adjourned till the 25th No[AßDivsku,trwstreEnxtTe surge lay's Ointment and Pills.— sores, fittest time to try these noble patient feels despondent, i s ehakes his head, and the eruptions ulceration, and remedies. Inflammation, moutptntahtnede leave behind always be cured by a far longer list of external tortures , these incomparable medicaments!' cure be not re s the most aways rapid it will always be co no danger of relapse. That this cooling, soothing, and healing powers over table, painful, and chronic sores is an eatabtelsatitcteadot jiarrcit, which is daily confirmed by the unsolicited sympathisinc , patients, whom (to us e th e i r own expe veryreeL; )f e phrase) HollOway's remedies have re scue d from th verge of death, THE RAILWAY ACCIDENT NEARIYNN. KING'S LYNN, Friday Evening. Yesterday and to-day the bodies of several of the persons killed by the late shocking railway accident at Wootton were interred in the cemetery here, a vast concourse of per sons being present at the funeral, The sufferers by the accident were progressing favourably, and no further deaths have occurred in addition to the six first announced. The adjourned inquest was resumed to-day on the bodies of John Laird, 55, builder ; Elizabeth Clark, 73, of Guanock terrace ; Mrs. Susan Clark, 45, of Brandon ; Mrs. Brown, 35, of London-road ; and Miss Palmer, 25, of Walpole, be fore Mr. Wilkin, coroner, at the Town Hall, Lynn. Mr. R. Pitcher appeared on behalf of the family of Mr. and Mrs. Laird. Mr. Henry Edwards, solicitor, Lynn, re presented the Lynn and Hunstanton Railway and Great Eastern Railway ; Lightly Simpson, Esq. (chairman of the company), Mr. Bond (secretary), Messrs. E. Self, E. Durrant, and W. Shaw (directors), being present; whilst the Great Eastern Company were represented by Mr. Sin clair, engineer, and Mr. Robertson, superintendent. M. r Miller was the first witness called. ll° said—l am manager at the Lady-bridge and Baker-lane Breweries. I was at Hunstanton on Monday last. I proceeded there by the noon train of the Great Eastern Railway. I left Hun stanton a minute or two after eight in the evening. There had been a train just previously started—a quarter of an hour before. I went by first class. There were three other passengers in the carriage. Nothing occurred till we passed the Wootton Station. We first experienced a very severe shock. My first impression was that we had passed over something on the rails. This was followed by a succes sion of shocks, then we came to a standstill. I was sitting on the right-hand side coming to Lynn. My impression was that the wheels were off the line, and tearing into the earth, the carriages gradually turning over, My side did not turn completely over. I rushed to the upper side of the carriage and exclaimed to my friend "We shall all be killed." The window was open, but I could not get out. The door was not locked, but I could not get it open. There was no further motion after the carriage first stopped. I did not ascertain if the engine had left. I got out by the window. My first object was to take Miss Norman of Yar mouth (a friend). Mr. T. Kendall, jun., had got out in the meantime, and took her down. After this I got under neath the coupling irons, and then I found a carriage which was turned flat on its side. I should think it was a third class carriage. I assisted in taking off part of the roof, and saw there a lady lying on her back; she was dead. I have since understood that it was Mrs. Brown. I went to the spot from whence I could hear cries of distress. It was so dark that we could distinguish nothing without lamps. I saw more than one carriage ; one was apparently on the top of the other, under which these bodies were. I think I saw three dead bodies. They were under the carriages when I saw them. My attention had never been directed to cattle straying on the line. I did not know the cause of the acci dent till we reached Lynn. I should think we were going at a speed between that of the ordinary train and the ex press. It was not an unusual pace. I know it was about 25 miles an hour. Christopher Boyce—l am an engine driver. I left Hun stanton at 7 45. There were 14 carriages attached to my train. Between Wootton and Lynn I saw a bullock on the rail close by where this accident happened. I had seen it about 30 yards before we came up to it. I shut off my steam and whistled. It turned its head and walked away. It was the duty of the driver of our train to give a signal to the other train that was coming, but I had not time to do it on this occasion, the other train following so quick. I could not see it, but knew it was close on. I did not report it when I got to Lynn, because I did not see anybody. Dr. Kendall was on the engine from Hun stanton, and remarked to me that an animal like that on the rail would cause an accident. It was an unusual thing to see a bullock on the line. I had seen two before, last Saturday week, close by the same spot. I reported that to Mr. Kemp, the overlooker of the platelayers. I have been in the habit of driving on that road every day four times a day since June, and never saw but two cattle before, and then the platelayers were driving them off. I never saw sheep on the line. _ _ _ By the Coroner—ln the case of seeing an obstruction on the line, I have no means of communicating with the guard. If I see any anything wrong, I should sound my whistle three times, and when the guard hears it it is his duty to put on his break. On this occasion I sounded my whistle three times. The guard did not put on his break. I knew there was danger. I did not complain either to or of the guard for not minding any signal. I slackened the train, making the difference of ten miles an hour in the speed. The bullock went to the fence just as I was going by. He was close to the railway, head foremost. The railing there was about 18 inches high, as near as I could guess. There was a ditch on the other side, I should say, six or seven feet wide, and about three feet deep. The fence inclines towards the ditch. I reported the fact of seeing the two bullocks on the previous occasion. I never saw any difference made in the fence. Thomas Marston Kendall—l am a surgeon at Lynn, I was a passenger to Lynn on Monday night. I rode upon the engine. After we passed Wootton Station, I saw a bul lock leaving the line. My attention was called to it by the engine whistling. After I had reached my house I was sent for, and drove up to the station, and went to the spot. After remaining a short time to collect all the wounded we could find, we returned with them to Lynn. When I got back the second time I saw five dead bodies, The bodies were very much mutilated. I did not recognise Mr. Laird at first. By Mr. Ward—l have travelled on the line a good deal, but never saw bullocks on the line before. By 11Ir. Edwards—l am surgeon to the company and to the provident society. By the Jury—lf the driver had reported the bullock be ing on the line there would not have been time to stop the other train. Pointon Jackson—l am an engine-driver, in the employ of the Great Eastern Railway. I left Lynn in charge of the 5,30 train to Hunstanton. Left Hunstanton at 8 o'clock with the excursion train. I had 15 carriages and a break, Ido not know the position of the carriages, it was a mixed train. The previous train had left 15 minutes before I started. My instructions were to stop at Mettisham and Wolferton only. I reach Wolferton at 8,25. I did not ascertain how recently the previous train had left. I was running at a speed not exceeding 28 miles an hour, be tween Wootton and Lynn. About a mile and a half from Wootton Station my attention was called to something on the line, which I found was a bullock. It was in the fourfoot, that is, the space between the lines. He was about 40 yards from the engine when I first saw him. I shut off the steam, and the fire. man applied the break, and whistled to the guard. I whistled three times; that was his signal to put on the break. I can't say whether he did so or not, the train was too short. I was on the bullock directly. The bullock was right in the centre of the rails when I struck him. When we struck the bullock it gave the engine a lift up. I felt a jerk directly. looked back, saw carriages off the road, oa the right side. I told the fireman to ease the break off, to allow the engine and the remainder of the carriages to keep clear of tho hinder ones. We next came to a stand, and I got off the engine, and saw brokdn carriages. Three carriages were left affixed to the engine. The third class carriage was nearest to me of those that were off the line. That was the first I saw. That had been affixed to a third class. The last pair of wheels of the carriage were off the road. I cleared the engine a little way from the train, and sent the fireman to the guard. Mr. Platt, locomotive foreman, came up in the time, and stepped on the engine, and we proceeded immediately to Lynn for assistance. I returned again with some fresh carriages, for the wounded. I went twice. After we got back the first time I assisted to get the wounded into the carriages, and proceeded to Lynn with them. I did not know any of the dead. I saw five dead bodies. I have been employed on the Lynn and Hunstanton Railway twice or three times a week since the 3d of October last, and have been in the employ of the Great Eastern Company 13 years. I never had the misfortune to run over a bullock before. I had gone over a horse between Lynn and Downham. I pro duce my special instructions as to what I am to do, in the event of seeing any obstruction. It is the custom to dimi nish the speed of the engine and try to stop, if we see anything on the line. I never saw a beast on the Hun stanton line before. I have seen one sheep on, close by Wootton —may be a month or five weeks back. When 1 ran over the horse (which was two or three years ago) It was dark, and I did not see it till we were on it. No acci dent occured from that. I did not see the train in front of me anywhere on th e roa d . I t was getting dark. There Is a great deal of cattle kept on the marshes about that place, more than on any ether part of the line—bullocks, sheep, and horses. Have seen none on the line since the accident happened. By Mr. Edwards —Fifteen carriages are not a usual number, five or six being all that is demanded by the traffic. Fifteen is a proper number. The engine and tender turned at Hunstanton, I have driven this engine about four or five years. My lamps were both lighted. 1 went about a hundred yards after the first concussion. The rails were slightly twisted out of gauge. They did not:part longitudinally ;Ithey:are fastened with fish joints. I never got off the rails before. I consider the line safe and sound. I was perfectly sober. RGV. W. Houghton, rector of South Wootton—l live within about 900 yards of the railway station. The land between Lynn and Wootton on both s id es is very much used for grazing, both sheep, bullocks, and horses. My attention has twice been called to heifers being on the line. Last Sunday evening was the first time. At a quar ter to eight on that evening I was at the crossing gate, close by where the accident happened. I was accompanied by my sou, and I saw a heifer on the line, close to the place where the heifer was struck on Monday. I t was walking as if it were straying on the line. I said t c my son, <<Very likely it this is lef t on it will beithe cause of an accident," and we drove it off over the rails close by the telegraph post into Mr. Bloomfield'a field. 1 here were about a dozen beasts feeding in this pas. ture. My attention was next called to cattle on the line on the next morning after the accident. I was standing with Mr. Richard Royston, of Wootton, between eight and nine. He touched my arm and pointed to a heifer which had just got over the fence. I did not see it get over, but it was within a foot of the fence. One of the company's men turned the heifer towards the fence and drove it oil the line, and it walked over the fence. I think the fence separating Mr. Bloomfield's land from the railway is perfectly inade quate to keep bullocks off the line. I measured the ditch on the other side of the fence, and it was above 11 feet wide, 2 feet 6 inches deep, solid ground at the bottom, shelving sides, and the rail above was less than 11 inches in height. It scarcely inclined to the ditch, very small in deed. The fence has been in that state ever since it was put up, but the ditch is now dry. I have seen water in the ditch. If the ditch was full of water, I don't think the cattle would go in. If they did they would slip down the shelving banks in trying to get out. I have been present when other persons complained of the fence. Mr. Bloom field, my son, Mr. R. Royston, and others. I was at Woot ton Station when this train passed. I observed that it passed at a very rapid rate. I asked the station-master what rate. He said, "About forty miles an hour." In my judgment it was full that pace. I saw the previous train pass, not more than eight minutes at the outside. It stopped at the station, and I saw it atter it had left, opposite the ballast pit. It was thirty-five seconds from the station. I went to the spot after the accident on Monday night. I got there about twenty minutes after the last train had passed the station. The engine was on the line, with the tender and three carriages following, and on the North Wootton side of the ca rr i ages there were the remaining carriages that had not left t h e line. I think there were seven. They were standi ng b y themselves. Tne one nearest Lynn was an open third class. The first carriage nearest Lynn of those off the line was a first-class carriage; it was standing on its wheels. The North Wootton end of it was jammed into the next carriage, I believe a second class, which was standing on its wheels. The next was a second or third, I don't know which, on its side, the roof inclined towards the field, shored up underneath by a sleeper. Through a hole which had been broke in the roof I saw the dead body of a youn g wo man. I saw t h e d ea d bodies of these five unhappy persons. I was present, ready to give any assistance. I gave vdne to the wounded I saw I noticed that the fragments of one of the carriages were very rotten. By Mr Pitcher—The wooden portion of tin fence, which was about eleven inches, was not broken. It is at the edge of the potato ground. It is higher by the side of the potato ground. Itie three feet five inches from the bottom of the ditch to the top of the fence. Robert Shears—l live at Laywood. I farm pasture land on the line under Charles Bagge, about half a mile from the Laywood gate. My land runs about two fur longs down the line that way. The company put up a fence for me about 41 feet high, as near as I can tell. I complained to the men that work on the line of the lambs getting through. I have complained of the other part when I have had two heifers get over. There is no fence to keep stock off the line, only a sock dyke. I have come plained to Mr. Kemp, one of the inspectors ; it was at the Middleton station. No steps were taken to provide fences. This is about 200 yards from the Laywood gate house. I should think this was about two months ago. I saw the man at the gatehouse put one off himself. I think that was the second thus got off. I have seen him put lambs off several times, and have told him there would be same accident. There is nothing but the sock dyke, which is dry at places, and there is nothing to keep the stock off. Mr. Kemp promised to. By Mr. Edwards—The depth of the ditch is from 31 to 4 feet. The banks are not steep. The ditch is 7 feet wide. The dyke is not fully dry—there is mud. There has not been a foot of water there for two months. Thomas Wakefield--I am a carriage and waggon ex aminer for the Great Eastern Railway Company. lam stationed at Lynn. I examined the excursion train from Lynn before it left. There were fourteen carriages when we left Lynn in the morning. I was in Lynn yard when the accident happened. I went to the spot at about 20 to 30 minutes past nine. I can't tell you which were the oldest carriages —they were all in good working order, fit to do any amount of business. By Mr. Ed war d s—l have fulfilled the duty of examiner of carriag es f or 14 years. I ha d ti me t o make the examina tion. W e h ave a report-book at M r . Pl a tt's office. At the end of th e summer season the carr i ages a re sent to Stratford. By the Cor oner -1 keep a book. Witness was s en t f or t hi s b o ok. Robert W es t—l am an eng i ne -fitter and extra fireman in the empl o y of the South -E as t e rn Railway. I was acting as fir eman to the tra i n w hich left Hunstanton at one minute p as t eight. W e stopped at Smetham and Wolferton only. I h ear d th e whistle. I was with Jack son. I saw the bullock. I saw the bullock just as soon as him, He whistled. Jackson said, "Hold hard, mate; put the break on." I did so. Just as I was putting it on I felt the engine give a juMP. I only felt it once. I put the break on, and after the speed had been slackened we stopped. I can't say to a second how long it was before we stopped. The bullock was between 30 and 40 yards off when we first saw it. After we stopped, Jackson said, "Is our engine all right ?" We got off, and proceeded to the wreck, and looked at the carriages off the line, but did not see the bullock. We saw carriages off. I saw a dead body, which I was told was Miss Palmer, by a gentleman named Dennis. It was near the carriage with its wheels upwards. By Mr. Ward—l assisted Jackson in testing the engine. I did not see any one testing the carriages. I cannot tell whether the guard put on the break. The putting the break on gently would not cause the carriages to jump up. By Mr. Edwards—Have been in the company's service six years. We w ere no t going more than 28 miles an hour. I did not feel a jerk behind. Mr. E. Bloomfield —I am a farmer at Wootton. I cc cupy land which is severed by the railway; about 32 acres. It is all pasture. I have occupied it four or five years. I have always fed it. The greatest quantity I have had on has been 19 bullocks at any one time—sometimes 300 sheep. In July last, I think the 20th and 28th, I saw five men on the line putting earth under the sleepers. I made a com munication to them in consequence of stock being on t h e I have not seen more than two myself. I line—my stock. should think I have seen them seven or eight times. I have seen them repeatedly —about five times in July—and drove them off. I saw on e heifer on the line about 10 minutes before the train. I saw Mr. Hammond's she p herd d rive it off. I went over th e fence on the ri g ht-hand si de. It was one of my bullocks . I had 18 at the field th en , I cannot say how long my f arm is ; I should say 300 y ar d s . I s h ould t. He said that they h a d b egun at Ncrth say there is no prop er fence. I told a man at the Gaywocd crossing Woottona aboutstation io t o repair it, and ma k e a new fence with wire. They have not put any wire fencing near my land. I have not seen anybody else's stock on the line. I did not write to the line. I spoke to Kemp last Tuesday morning, after the accident. I did not see any that morning. I asked Mr. Kemp about• it, and he said that the workpeople had written to him, and he was getting on with the fence as fist as they cou ld. The avera g e h eight was 15 ieches, The highest fence w here there is no ditch is not more th an gditch to prevent cattle ge tti ng on the line. I five feet. Tho fence where the ditch is avera ges 15 i nc h es iu height, In my op inion the f ence was wholly inadequ a t e . sall'hoeurled someiitshnnokthethillaverages 3 feet. After f u rther evidence of an unimportant nature, the inquiry was adjourned, ALLEGED MURDER IN LAMBETH Yesterday Mr. W. Carter, the coroner for Surrey, opened an inquest in the large club-room of the Henry the Eighth's H ea d, High-street, Lambeth, for the purpose of inquiring into the circumstances attending the death of Anne GTlffin, who, it was alleg ed, ha d been killed by a dredgerman named George Bgiiet'at their l o d g i ngs, No. 2, Windmill-court, Black Buy -alley, Lambeth. B ague t was t a k en b e f ore th e m agistrate, but owing to the lateness of the hour the exa mination was only formally opened. commencement of the inquest, M surgeon, of Ch urc h- stree t , L am b e th , sa id , inAantr. it e eY ' s t w h e a r w to l questions put by the coroner, that he had been sent for to see the deceased, and on arriving at her lodging he found her dead. The Coroner—Did you examine her body? Witness—I did. Did you detect any injury on her person likely to cause her death ?-1 did not. She had a black eye, but nothing likely to prove of a mortal nature. Then you cannot satisfy the court, from what you have seen, as to the precise nature of death ? —Not without a post mortem examination of the body. Mrs. H. Carter, of 13, William-street, High-street, Lam beth, deposed that the deceased was her cousin. She lived with one George Bagnet, who was sometimes called Ed ward. George Thomas Harris, also a dredgerman, residing at 3, Lower Fore-street, Lambeth, said that he knew the-de ceased, and went up stairs to her room with a loaf of bread. That was about half-past nine in the morning. He saw the woman lying on the floor, and ho pulled her clothes down. Baguet at that time was not at home, and no one else was in the room. Bagnet and witness had been together from half-past eight in the morning, and he did not see deceased that morning until he went up with the loaf. By the Coroner—When I saw her extremities exposed I attempted to set her up, and cried out "Anne" three times, but she never answered, but kept groaning. Whilst sho was doing so Bagent came up with some but ter, when ho (witness) said to him, " Jem, something is the matter with your missus.' He then said, " Let us put her on a chair." He called her by name, but she made no answer. She was removed to the chair, when ho saw mat ter tinged with blood coming out of her mouth. She had also a black eye. He saw no blood coming from her body. The witness further added that he saw a little cup at her left hand side, which he put upon the table. It had re cently been used, but (after stating that it contained a white sediment) was quite clean. He saw that before Bagent came up, and when he did he placed his arms round her neck, and said that she had had a fit. He then told him to go and fetch a doctor and Mrs. Allbridge, which he did. When he called Mrs. Allbridge the woman was alive. Elizabeth Dunn, after stating that she knew the deceased and the man in custody, who passed as her husband, said— On Wednesday last she was at home in the front room up stairs, adjoining that occupied by the deceased. On the Monday, after she had been out, he calleJ her vile names, and, although not in the room, she heard loud blows in flicted, which were repeated several times. and on each oc casion she screamed violently. She then came down stairs to the street door, hnd called him names. She then ran upstairs, and he followed her, when she again heard blows indicted, and she also heard the female fall on this occasion, when she cried out " Oh, don't; you will kill me." After the fall he kept striking her; she did not, however, see her kicked down stairs by the prisoner, but c she heard him say that "he would be done with her before he would leave her." On ➢londay night Griffin (the de,- eased) was in a public•house—in front of the bar—and the accused came to the doorway, and asked if she was coming ID me. She replied " Directly," and she went out into the High• street, where he met her, and struck her, knocking her down with his fist, and after that kicked her on the stomach and lower part of the body. The learned Coroner said the case to him appeared to be one that required the strictest investigation. It might from the evidence turn out to be a case of murder; but it also might turn out to be a case of self-poisoning. The jury would, therefore, have to consider all those points, and ho was sure they would be unable to come to any definite conclusion until they heard the result of the post nzortent examination. The inquiry was then adjourned until Monday next. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TlMES.—Diplomacy, with its precise and stilted diction, proceeds with the entanglement of the Polish question. The Russian Ministers, both is Vienna and Paris, have been addressed by that great master of the high style, Prince Gortschakoff, and it is now for the world to study his despatches and draw from th em w h a t mean i ng it can. They areintended for general reading, it is evident, for that sent to Pari s h as been published in the Journal de St. Petersbourg almost before it was possible that M. de Budherg could leave a copy of it with M. Drouyn de Lhuys. Prince Gortschakoff writes for his own countrymen, and for the French, English, and German publics, as well as for the Cabinets of the two Emperors. But it is not everyone that can ascertain the meaning of such documents as these. Their style is as technical, as artificial, and as tradi tional as that of the law itself. They are not in tended so much to have a definite meaning as to make an impression on those who can appreciate them. They are to convey an idea of a Govern ment's final intentions, to allow the reader to per ceive the drift and tendency of its policy, rather than to say " Yes" or " No" to specific propositions. We can, therefore, only speak of them as they seem to indicate the temper of the Russian Emperor and his advisers. There is not much that would pre vent the Emperor Alexander from changing his mind, whichever way it may be made up at present ; tor despatches are never so unpolitely and impru dently worded as to refuse anything rudely and for ever. But on reading these two documents, and in terpreting them by what has gone before in the correspondence and by the present state of opinion in Russia and France, we regret that we cannot see in them signs of a conciliatory policy. It appears that both Count Rechberg and M. Drouyn de Lhuys were so impatient to reply to Prince Gorts chakoff's answer to their respective notes that they could not wait for joint action ; and Prince Gorts chakoff has been equally prompt, for not only has he given his second answer without delay, but he has made known to the world both documents by means of the press. The answer to Austria is that of a man who will not use his opponent too hardly, because he thinks he may one day become his friend. Russian statecraft perceives that whatever liberalism an Austrian Emperor may assume, however much he may be drawn by interest or sympathy into c o mmunion with the Western Powers, he is, after all, bound to the Russian alliance by a chain which he must have strength indeed to break. Though there pierces through the Russian despatch an in definable bitterness and disappointment, yet this is seemingly repressed by a sort of confidence that the interests of a joint possession of Poland will prevent the Austrian Court from breaking completely with St. Petersburg, Prince Gortschakoff expresses his surprise. that C oun t R ec hb erg was no t pre p ar ed for Russia rejection of a conference of the eight Powers, seeing that the Count in his despatch actu ally reserved his own assent to such a scheme until that of Russia had been given. Thus was Russia encouraged to propose instead a conference of the partitioning Powers, and she did so under the be lief that " there is a necessary solidarity between the interests of the three neighbouring Courts and their respective Polish possessions." The offer was not, as Count Rechberg suspects, to make an assimi letion between Galician and Russian Poland. If there was to be assimilation, it would be, Prince Gortschakoff says, by making the Russian terri tory more like the Austrian. He desired to " bring about the necessary harmony between the institu tions which it would be a question of introducing in the Kingdom of Poland and those which exist in the Polish possessions of the neighbouring States." " It was a friendly idea, conformable to the relations of the two Imperial Courts and their mutual interests. But these friendly offers have been rejected, and Russia can only regret the adhesion of Austria to the policy of the Western Powers. Such is in substance the dispatch sent to Vienna, and it ex hibits the anger of a proud Sovereign who has un expectedly found his confidential advances rejected ; who, if the worst comes, has quite the will to inflict a deadly wound on his former ally, but who does not despair of bringing him back, however, unwillingly, to the principles he has abandoned. The despatch to M. Budberg, at Paris, is very different. Here the Czar has not to deal with his own familiar friend, a brother spoliator, a brother partitionist, who must have the same hopes and fears, and may be swayed by the same motives, as himself. He is virtually addressing a Sovereign who has already been his enemy, and who, if report speaks truly, inclines to another war. Prince Gortschakoff has, no doubt, been kept well informed of what passes in France, and he knows of the military preparations, of the expectations of the army, of the popularity of another campaign with all but the moneyed classes. He knows of the war articles which have conti nually appeared in the French papers, of the pamphlet which is supposed to express Imperial ideas. Hence there is a marked exhibition of re solve mingled wiih the caution of the diplomatist. The Russian Government does not, of course, depart from those peaceful professions which always abound at such a crisis as this, but it makes known that it has looked at the contin gency of war, that: it has considered the danger, counted the cost, and does not shrink from the con test. This confidence may, of course, be affected, as in discussions of this sort it is often the most pru dent policy to put on the appearance of boldness, and proclaim oneself ready for the attack which an antagonist threatens. We trust that under the halt-defiant language of Prince Gortschakoff there lingers a little discretion, and that at last the Czar will make the concessions which justice and hu manity, as well as the voice of the Western Powers, require of him. But of this there is in the present despatch no trace. Indeed, the reasoning and . tone of it are more discordant from the opinions of France than was the first reply of Prince Gortschakoff. As if forgetting the military government that has been normal for the past three years, and the conscrip tion which was the immediate cause of the outbreak, Prince Gortschakoff has nothing to say but that Poland has been excellently ruled, that liberal in stitutions were possessed by the people and rejected through the persuasions of agitators who wished to obtain the complete independence of the country. The argument of the despatch, like that of the former one, is that the Six points need not be yielded to the instances of the three Powers, because they have been already granted by his own free will by the Czar. " The measures indicated in the Six Points had been granted, but, far from pacifying the Kingdom of Poland, they were the starting point of the insurrection." "Foreign intervention " has been the bane of this happy land; excited by it, the malcontents " could not appear satisfied with the liberal institutions, the bases of which were being carried out by the Government." A minority, encouraged by" a pars manent conspiracy in a foreign territory," urged on by intrigues that come from Paris as " one of their principal foci," have kept Poland in disquiet. They do not take up arms for liberal institutions, nor confine their schemes to the Polish Kingdom of 1815; their exclusive object is the reconstitution of the Poland of 1772, and they look to foreign inter ventien to crown their enterprise. After such lan guage as this it need not be said that Russia refuses to depart from the sense of the late reply. Disclaim ing irony or provocation, but admitting that "a feeling of wounded dignity may have manifested itself," Prince Gortschakoff concludes with a signi cant intimation that the Russian people are pre pared for any extremity. If the reply was unpala table, it was because "in face of the insults lavished on us, it was impossible for us to disregard the force of the energetic sentiment of our nation." In most remarkable language, evidently intended to affect opinion throughout Russia, as well as the French Emperor's counsels, Prince Gortschakoff intimates that the Russian people are violently excited, and that the Czar's Cabi ne t ca n no t a fford to yield. e Our task would be difficult should France misunderstand the necessities imposed upon us by the sentiments of our nation, which cling to the traditions and vital interests of the country." To this language the decla mations of the Inealide Russe gives still further sig nificance, as:it is not likely that they a re p ublishe without Imperial sanction. It now remains to be seen what answer France, as the Power which is most earnest in the matter, will make to this extraor dinary despatch. It is said that the Three Powers have agreed to send a common Note to Rustic, to he accompanied by separate despatches from each of them to their respective representatives; and that, unless Russia makes some sign of yielding, a diplomatic rupture will be announced as impending in the common Nolo- But, whatever course the mere forms of negotiation may take, the reality consists of a growing and now very threatening antagonism between France and Russia, which may possibly e ngage Austria in the q uarre l, b u t which will leave England a neutral, though not an un sympathetic spectator. Post —The most important portion of the intel ligence which has reacted us by the overland mail relates to Japan. Ha war with the Japanese be inevitable, then the sooner it is commenced the better it will be for us ; but as, up to the time when the last advices left, hostilities had not hall.. we would fain conclude that the a lly commenced, pending negotiations may terminate in a satisfac tory manner, and render an appeal to arms unne cessary. To the demand made in t he beginning of April by the British Admiral for reparation for the outrages committed on British subjects, the Japanese Government replied by asking time for reflection. A period of twenty days was accord ingly granted by the British charge d'affaires, within which time a categorical reply was expected from the Japanese authorities. The twenty days, however, passed away without any decision being arrived at by the Japanese Government, and at the termination of that period a further extension of fifteen days was prayed for by the latter, and ac corded by the British Minister. The additional time thus granted also elapsed without any definite course being taken by the Japanese, and in the mean while a further delay was asked for, and again the charge da' ffairea complied with the request. When the mail lett, the Japanese Government were to all appearances deliberating on the course to be pur sued, and the British Minister was patiently await ing the reply, which was either to satisfy the re quirements of Jiis Government or to render hostili ties unavoidable. If there were good reason to be lieve that the Japanese were sincerely desirous of arriving at an amicable arrangement, no fault could be found with our Minister for affording them every opportunity for doing so. This country, it is needless to say, has no motive for provoking a war with a semi-barbarous nation at the opposite side of the globe. We have entered into a commercial treaty with the Japanese with a view to the mutual benefit of both nations,andwe are simply desirous of secur ing for our own merchants resident in Japan that protection and that respect to which all residents in a foreign State are justly entitled. The Japanese have, after a long delay, consented to allow foreign merchants to live amongst them, and having done so, they are bound to afford to them the protection of their laws. But although every facility should be afforded to the Japanese authorities in order to enable them to arrive at an arrangement which would prove equally satisfactory to themselves and to us, still care should be taken lest an attempt should be made to gain time for the sole purpose of subsequently placing us at a disadvantage. The antecedents of the Japanese are not such as to in spire confidence, and we should be justified in re garding with distrust the repeated demands which have been made by them for extensions of time in order to arrive at a decision of a very simple affair. En the present instance, however, our grounds for distrust are still further increased by the manner in which they employ the time which has been osten sibly extended tor the purposes of friendly negotia tions. Everywhere preparations are being made for immediate war. From the town of Yeddo all the population, with the exception of such as are in a position to bear arms, have taken their depar ture. Soldiers now almost exclusively occupy the capital, and immense supplies of arms and of chain armour are daily despatched into the town from the various arsenals in different districts of the empire. The Japanese Government speak of peace, but they evidently mean war; and the principal apprehen sion we entertain is lest Cob Neale, the British re presentative, may have been unwisely indulgent in granting to the Japanese the delays they demanded, instead of at once proceeding to enforce the repara tion which was sought as soon as the period which in the first instance had been granted to the Japan ese for consideration had expired. In a society so organised and so regulated as that of Japan it is not easy to discover the particular bent of public opi nion. Japan has two Sovereigns—one spiritual, and the other temporal; the latter of whom is second ary, if not absolutely subservient to, the former. The Government is almost purely aristocratic. A larger number of I)aimios, or native princes—some of whom possess their own armies, and even their own fleets—virtually represent the nation and com pel either of the sovereigns to pursue the policy which they prefer. When the sovereigns are at issue a civil war not unfrequently supervenes, in which the Daimios, who respectively support the two sove reigns, are found, together with retainers, on oppo site sides. The immense power and influence exer cised by these native princes may be estimated from the large numbers of their followers. Thus the Daimio of Satsuma, who caused the murder of Mr. Richardson, is able to bring into the field an army of close on eighty thousand men. Of the tm Daios there are two classes, one being much superior to the other in wealth and power. Of the former there are 18 members, and the course taken by the majority of these almost invariably deter mines the policy of the Government. At the pre sent moment the Mikado, or spiritual Emperor, is believed to be opposed to the maintenance of com mercial relations with foreign States, and would doubtless refuse to make to the British Government the reparation they require. The Tycoon, or tem poral King, on the other hand, is supposed to he favourably inclined towards us, and would, if be could secure the approval of the Mikado and of the pincipal Daimois, observe faithfully the treaties which have been entered into by his Government. The Mikado is, however, supreme; and, as he com mands the allegiance of the Daimois of the first class, can in general give to the course of public affairs the direction which to him seems best. In the event of a refusal by the Japanese Government to comply with our demands, the fleet under the command of the British admiral would no doubt commence hostilities pending the arrival of land forces. The Japanese have been actively employed for some time past in erecting batteries at points where they would prove most effective. From the towns which are exposed to the risk of bombard ment the native Government haverem m o i v g e h d t every thing of value. In respect to land operations, it is certain that although our troops posed to an undisciplined army, they would meet a most numerous one. In fact, the Japanese army, though composed exclusively of the re tainers of the several Daimois, would number some hundreds of thousands of tolerably well-armed men. However regarded, a war with Japan, if forced upon us, will be much to be regretted. We can gain but little, whereas it may cost us much. But although we would not be great gainers, the Japanese would be considerable losers ; and, as how ever obstinate they may be, they cannot be indiffe rent to the dictates of self-interest, we still hope that they will perceive and admit the folly of pro vaking the hostility of one of the most powerful nations of the Western world. THE ISLINGTON CHILD MURDER.—The adjourned inquest on the remains of Elizabeth Hunter was held yesterday afternoon before Dr. Lankester, the coroner for Central Middlesex, at the Florence Tavern, Islington. The coroner said that, although at the last sitting a number of witnesses had been examined, they had not been able to come to a verdict ; they had therefore adjourned for a fort night to see if any additional evidence could be adduced which might fix the guilt of the murder on the prisoner Clarke. Since then the prisoner had been examined at the Clerkenwell Police-court, but the Treasury had abandaned the charge of murder against him. It would be now the object of the jury to consider whether they could bring in a verdict that would have the effect of sending Clarke before a superior court on the capital charge, or whether they would record an open verdict. With respect to the charges of indecent conduct with certain children with which the prisoner was now charged, they would have the effect of showing what the man's character really was. In one of these cases it was proved that Clarke had introduced a child into the identical greenhouse in which the remains were found, and had covered hei mouth over with a handkerchief to prevent her screaming. It was only too probable that this was the precise way in which the poor child Elizabeth Hunter had met with her death. They would now consider whether they would return a verdict or adjourn again. lie would, however, remind them that if they did adjourn it must be to a fixed day, and not sine die. He did not think that any more evidence would be brought before them, as the only important witness who had not been examined was the boy who found the head, and he was in Canada, but could not be found. The foreman then requested that the evidence of Miss Jennings, the landlady of the house in which Roe and Clarke lodged, might be read over, which having been done, the room was cleared of strangers. The jury, having conferred together for about a quarter of an hour, returned a verdict to the effect " that Elizabeth Hunter came by her death by violent means, the nature of which there was no evidence to show; and, further, that the said Elizabeth Hunter was maliciously murdered by some person or persons unknown." ADVERTISEMENT.]—Avoid medicines: they always aggra vate chronic complaints, but Du Barry's Delicious Health Restoring Revalenta Arabica Food, which saves fifty times its cost in other remedies, invariably cures them, restoring perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, healthy liver, pure blood, refreshing sleep, functional regularity, and energy to the most disordered or enfeebled. 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In tins, 1 lb., 28. 9d. ; 21b., 48 . 6d ; 51b., 11 s. ; 121 b., 225. ; 2411 x 40s.—Barry Du Barry and Co., No. 77, Regent-street, London ; also Fortnum and Mason ; and all grocers and Chemists in every town of tire United iiingdm. How Nicholas Grasped the Russian Sceptre, The events which followed Alexander's death remain to this day strangely unintelligible, writes a Saturday Re viewer. According to the account drawn up by baron Korff, a generous contest took place between the Grand Duke Constantine and his younger brother Nicholas, each desiring to induce the other to ascend the throne. Nothing can be more touching than the picture of fraternal love de picted by "his Imperial Majesty's Secretary of State."' The only fault with which his heroes can be charged is a Homeric partiality for tears. They appear to have been in the habit of giving way to their feelings on the slightest provocation, and the book resounds with their Grand ducal sobbings ; but perhaps the baron is not entirely to be depended upon. An air of mystery still hangs about the events which followed the death of Alexander. Constan tine took the oath of allegiance to IN , icholas at Warsaw. Nicholas, at St. Petersburg, swore fealty to Constantine. The Grand Duke Michael posted up and down betweenthe cities in a state of distraction, and allowed several days to pass without swearing allegiance to either. As to the troops, they swore at random by platoons, following the lead of their commanding officers, home of whom had their own interests to servo by the operation. The interregnum had lasted more than a tortnignt, when one morning, be' fore daybreak, an officer insisted on seeing Nicholas, and delivered to him a packet addressed to the Emperor, "Ra fleeting," says Korff, " that the duty of a subject is to sac rifice himself," Nicholas opened it, and, on reading its con tents, was " struck with so unspeakable horror" that a cloud of asterisks has been found necessary to cover his emotions. The packet contained letters giving a full ac count of the impending insurrection; and Nicholas, seeing the necessity of immediate action, determined to coquet with the Crown no longer. In the Baron's words, "He silenced in his heart, before the sacred debt of his country, the voice of self-preservation and self-interest ; with a sou overflowing with the most pious confidence in Almighty wisdom ho yielded to its decree. The next morning, his son, the present Emperor, then a boy of seven years of age, was informed of his father's accession to the throne, and " cried a good deal when he heard of it." The new Empress also wept, and said that she ought to bo con doled with, not congratulated. And, indeed, although that day passed away quietly, all felt that a great storm was approaching. On the following morning, the troops were summoned to take the oath, and the dreaded insurrection broke out. The leading members of the Secret Societies, knowing that the Emperor was acquainted with their plans, and perceiving that it was no longer a time for cautious measures, attempted to strike the blow which they had been so long preparing. It is difficult to u ixklstand how they could have entertained any hope of a737Theii anent success. By circulating a false report that Constantine had been forcibly deprived of the crown by Nicholas, they induced a part of the army to mutiny; but even the men whom they misled had not the slightest sympathy with their constitutional or republican tendencies. It is unnecesary to dwell upon the events which followed the outbreak. Every one knows what courage and firmness Nicholas displayed, and how the insurgents were either convinced by his arguments or annihilated by his artil lery. By half-past six in the evening the mutiny was at an end, and having got rid of his scruples and a considerable number of troublesome subjects, the new Emperor was at liberty to attend to his dinner and his devotions. The day had been one of trial for him; for his family the terror and the suspense must have been almost unbearable. Early that morning, the youthful Czarevich had been interrupted in his task of colouring a print representing the passage of the Granicus by Alexander the Great—a picture which is still preserved by his Majesty the Emperor in the same state as it then was—and carried off for greater security to the Winter Palace. There the ladies and children of the Imperial family were assembled, and there throughout that long day they remained, anxiously awaiting the result of the disturbance. Vague rumours reached them at intervals from without, and with the evening came the roar of artil lery. The Dowager Empress, "struck by a touching thought, besought Demidoff to take her late husband's portrait and show it to the insurgents. The sight of his features, she thought, would recall them to their duty." The Empress fell on her knees at the first sound of the cannon, and "re mained in that attitude in fervent prayer till the arrival of Adlerberg with intelligence that all was over." At length Nicholas arrived in triumph. His victory was complete. COUNTRY MARKETS. 4>. WAKEFIELD—FRIDAY. Fresh wheat was fully as dear. Other sorts were no. glected. Spring corn unaltered. Averages for the week : Wheat 2,451 qrs., at 47s 44d Rye — —s Oct Oats Beans LIVERPOOL-FRIDAY. At this day's market there was a tolerably good attend ance of buyers, and, with a moderate consumptive demand, wheat may be written steady at the quotations of last mar ket day. Flour a fair inquiry at former rates. Beans, peas, and barley steady. Oats and oatmeal unaltered in value. In Indian corn a considerable amount of business has been done. EXETER--FRIDAY. Wheat, white..6s 3d to6s 4d Barley.. ..3s 6d to 4s 3cl Ditto red .6s Od to Gs 3d I Oats . ..2s 9d to 3s Oa Flour, fine, 35s to 36s ; seconds,,34s to —s per sack. CATTLE. Fat beef, p sc., 10s0d to 11s6d Ewes, per lb 51d to 60 Pork carcases, 7s Od to 8 s Od Wethers, d 0....... 7d to —d Lamb, p to d Fat calves, d0...61d to 7d • _ _ Rough fat, .31d per lb. STAMF ORD—FRIDAY. Farmers are in the midst of harvest work, both wheat and barley are bein cut, and promise a heavy yield. White wheat, 49s to 52s ; red, 46s to 488,1. per 36 stone. Barley, malting, 368 to 40s; grinding, 30s to 32s per qr. Oats, 22s to 26s per 24 stone. Beans, old, 42s to —s per qr. ; new, 38s to —s. BRISTOL SUGAR-FRIDAY. ----- - - - - ----- - ----- - The market this week has not been so active as it might have been for raw sugars on the spot, chiefly owing to the great firmness of importers. A little concession would hays induced considerable sales. Rum rather firmer. COAL Prizes of Coal per Ton a s. d. s. Buddle'sWest Hartley 17 0 Tanfield Moor Butes..l3 6 Carway and Duffryn Walls End. Malting l2 0 Hetton lB Walker Primrose 12 9 l3raddyll's Hetton 17 North Pelton Ga 5..... 13 6 Trimdon Hartlepool 18 Eden Main...... ..... 16 6 Trimdon Thornley l6 6 West Wy1am.........15 6 Hunwick. ... .A.KKET. the close of the market. Ships at marks It, 29 ; t3oIJ, 28. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Liustralia and Mauritius, via Southampton ..Aug. 18 ' via Marseilles .... Aug.l 3 . Brasil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Sept. 3- Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena.. Aug. 29. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton. Aug. --•-• via Marseilles ...Aug --. Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton .. Aug. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Aug. via Marseilles Aug. 13. India (Bombay), via Southampton Aug. 10. via Marseilles Portugal • Nlalta, Egypt, and Aden, v i a S outhampton AugS Sept. ? C via Marseilles Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo .. U. S. and British. N. America, by 'Brit. packet......A .jl u uu g gg . : 1 11 3 93 . : by U.S. packet.... by Canadian packet. Aug. 7. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Tencriffe Aug. 10 Bahamas, via New York Aug. 27. Mexico.. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, 1 'A ug .. 13, California. and British Columbia.. Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur chasing Horniman's pure Tea ; very choice at 3s. 4d. and 4s. " High Standard "at 4s. 4d. (formerly 4s. Bd.), is the strongest and most delicious imported. Agents in every town supply it in packets. Births. GARDINER,—On the 6th inst., Lady Gardiner, of Roche Court, of a daughter. HAY.—On the sth inst., at Seggieden, Perthshire, the wif a of Lieut.-Col. H. M. Drummond Hay, of a son. LEACH.—On the 6th inst., at Highgate, the wife of Lieut.' Colonel Leach, R,E., of a daughter. MURCHISON.—On the sth inst., at 79, Wimpole.streo t t Cavendish-square, the wife of Charles Murchison, NA' F.R.C.P., of a daughter. Marriages. DENT—COURCOUMELL—On the 6th inst., at Saint Mal Abbott's, K ens i ngton, Ch ar l es D ent, E sq., Commanae'.. 11.111 S. Edgar, to Corinna, eldest daughter of Sir Dal e ' trius Courcoumeli, of Corfu. GI LES — FouLsHAm.—On the 6th inst., at Saint Mark' s ' Kennington, John Giles, Esq., of Gray's-inn, to Eliza' beth Victoria, only daughter of Chester Foulsham, of North Brixton. Deaths. BALM --On the sth_inst., at Lowestoft, Suffolk, josePll. Baly, Esq., aged 63. • BARLOW.—On the sth inst., at Auburn Lodge, Kensior ton, Henry L. Barlow, aged 11 months. BROOKS.—On the 4th inst., at Souihsea, Thomas DovB Brooks, aged 72. GOODACRE.—On the 4th inst., at Battenhurst, Sussex, the Rev. John Goodacre, LL.D., aged 39. GIBBON,—On the 4th inst., at Eastbourne-terrace, West' Captain William Minto Gibbon, .Bengal Staff Corps, aged 32. HAYDEN.—On the 3d inst., at Bishopwearmoutb,Durha°' Captain Thomas Hayden, aged 67. SOMERS.—On the 6th inst , suddenly, Alf re d W. Some rs, re, aged of 56. Cambridge -street, Hyde -park-square, 45. London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDl thl i : of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE S UN °MCC NC). 11 St r and, in the Precinct of the Savoy, i n the County 0f Middlesex.—Saturday, August 8, 1863. ]