The Sun. — London, England, 1864-10-07 00:00:00

German Politics in Norfolk. NORWICH, Oct, 6. The annual meeting of the North Walsham Agri cultural Society was held last evening at that town, and the chair at the dinner was occupied by Lord Suffield, who was supported by Sir T. F. Buxton (the Liberal candidate for Lynn), Sir H. Robinson, Colonel Coke, M.P., Mr C. Buxton, M.P., Mr E. Howes, M,P., Baron Bunsen (son of the late Cheva lier Bunsen, Prussian Ambassador), the lion. F. Walpole (the Conservative candidate for Lynn), Mr J. G. Hoare, the Hon. and Rev. J. Harbord, &c. Colonel COKE, M.P., in responding for the army, said no country had so small an army as England, but no country had one so efficient. The introduc tion of breech loading rifles into the service, which would shortly take place, would, he believed, make the British army still more formidable. Mr. C. BUXTON, M,P., replied for " The Voluns teers,'' who had also been associated with the toast of the army. The hon, gentleman said we had all looked upon the American war with the deepest re. gret, but it had shown us one thing, viz., the great value a volunteer army would be in case of an in vasion. In America there were very few trained soldiers at the outbreak of the war, and almost all who were engaged in it were hurried quickly to the field, very few of the men having had anything like the training which our Volunteers have had, and very few of the officers having had the means which our Volunteer officers had enjoyed of studying the theory of military movements. Yet we saw that at the first great battle of Bull Run both sides fought with wonderful courage, stubbornness, and energy, conducting their movements on a colossal scale. We also saw from what was going on in America, that war was more and more giving the advantage to the defence against the attack. This seemed to be the result of those arms of precision now in use. With them, if men did but stand on the defensive and did not attempt to rush out, they could stand against any amount of force. (Hear, hear.) In both of these respects we had an encouraging example set us as to what the volunteers of England might do for England if her shores should be invaded, and therefore we could look upon the volunteer force with the greatest satisfaction. (Cheers.) The PRESIDENT proposed the "County Mem bors." (Cheers.) Colonel COKE, M.P., in reply, said he thought the. absence of any great political excitement was in a great measure owing to Lord Palmerston, who smoothed down little difficulties and stilled unquiet spirits in a manner p culiarly his own. (Laughter.) Wi:11, regard to taxes, without alluding to any particular tax, he re gretted that there was no chance of any change taking place which was likely to materially affect the farmers. Great expenditure had been neces sarily incurred in connection with our national de fences, and these were made the heavier from the improvements introduced into the science of gun nery, for a new ship was no sooner constructed to resist artillery than some gun was invented which necessitated the construetion of a different class of vessel. (Laughter.) Mr. E. IrowEs, M.P., also responded, andtouched upon the question of cottage accommodation, in which, he said, every one—landlord, tenant, and labourer—was interested ; at the same time, it was a landlord's question, since its solution depended principally upon an expenditure of money and at tention. Although his property was small, yet he was afraid it woud take some years before all the cottages on it could be brought into a state which would be satisfactory to himself, and he feared many other landlords must feel themselves in the same position, Intimately connected with the question of cottage accommodation was the subject of the condition of the labourer, which depended not only upon his home, but upon his general treatment, and this mainly rested with the agricel. turists, who had the immense advantage over the commercial class of being individually acquainted with their workpeople, and who were all the more bound to accord them liberal, but at the same time firm treatment. (Hear, hear.) Sir F. BUXTON proposed " The Strangers," asso ciating with the toast the name of Baron Bunsen. (Cheers.) Baron BUNSEN, in responding, said that if any of those whom he was addressing were to visit him at home on the Rhine, although he should not be able to show them much among the surrounding farms which would be new to them, they would all be pleased to see the increasing use of those, imple ments and appliances, and those habits which had transformed the shallow, though not unfruitful, soil of Norfolk into the very garden of Ecgland. He had asked himself whether, appearing before them as a German under the present circumstances, they would not think it very mean of him if he did not stand up in defence of his coun try. (Hear.) He should therefore state his opinions, and he should be glad if they would kindly and for. bearingly forgive him the sins of his countrymen, and excuse him in what ho was about to say, from friendship,what they would condemn in others. He wished his voice were loud enough and his argil■ menta weighty enough to impress them with the strong conviction he entertained, contrary to that of the majority of Englishmen—namely, that the Schleswig-Holsteiners had been at war in the right, that the Danes were in the wrong, and that the Germans were bound by every consideration of self-respect and national duty to separate and save the Schleswig-Holsteiners from the oppression of the Dimes. He would say at the outset that they, the Liberal, the National party of Germans, en tirely dieagreed,as much ae Englishmen did, with the cause of Schleswig-Holstein having been taken up by Austria and Prussia alone, to the exclusion of the rest of Germany and the Schleswig-Holsteiners themselves—those Powers having carried on the war alone, in defiance of the interests of those who had a strong interest in it. Bat was the cause itself less sacred for this ? They were all grieved that the Schleswig-Holsteiners had been prevented from fighting the cause of their own liberation, which they had.fought for two good years in 1848, 1849, and 1850, at a fearful expense of treasure and blood, but should they not rejoice in their deliverance, and be glad to see the arrival of the day when a complete and lasting separation would be pro nounced of them from the other parts of what used to be one united kingdom ? He found it much easier to talk of these things in conversation when objections were raised one after the other, and when one tried to arrive at the truth on both sides, by testing the arguments employed. Many of his friends at college were Schleswig- Holsteiners, and this was the origin with him, as with many others, of the side he took on the subject. The Schleswig-Holsteiners were a people closely allied to and w ere s till o f that stock which came over to England and were called Anglo: Saxon. They were small in number for the great wealth of their country. They gave their sons the best education they could, and consequently a very disproportionate number of young Schleswig-Hof steiners were met with at the German universities, and it was there that many Germans had gained the love they had for that particular country, and for the cause they had so unflinchingly advocated. What the Schleswig-Holsteiners told them then, and told them now, was that Schleswig-Holstein was one country by right and therefore should not be divided; that the law of succession in their country was different from the law of succession in the kingdom of Denmark ; and that whenever it should happen that there was an absence of heirs male to their King. Dukes, the throne should go to the other branch of the royal family—the Angus tenburgs. This was as simple a statement as he could give. Did his hearers consider it particularly difEcult to understand ? To him it seemed very simple, and he could never quite see why such emi nent statesmen had publicly pronounced it on diffe rent occasions t o b e totally unintelligible. Tne question might be considered simple to understand, and yet merely the production of a busybody set of men in the Duchies, who wanted to get up new pretensions to the throne, in order to break off two o f th e provinces from the rest of the kingdom. That was another 'new of the subject, an d to it he might oppose a number of dusty parchments, were it not that do so would, he feared, exhaust the patience of his audience. He would ask a few home questions, which sometimes, he dare say, presented themselves to English minds. How was it that if the view he took of the matter was false, there had not been during the last 13 years of undisturbed Danish rule in the Duchies--a 'tile that was tolerably, some said intolerably, strict—one single newspaper in the Duchies which advocated the Danish view ? How was it also that during that time the Duchies had failed by aey devices of the electoral law to obtain anything like a majority in either of the Parlia ments ? How was it, likewise, at the present mo ment, as one by one the political refugees returned to their country from almost every town and village in Germany, where they had been earning their livelihood as well as they could during the last 13 years, they were received by all classes of the people with every mark of respect, while the Danes, on the contrary, according to their own reports, had at all times been received with feelings so expressed that they could only with difficulty be restrained from taking a most unworthy vengeance? He would assume, for the sake of argument, that his hearers would go so far with him as to wish well to the SchleswigeHolsteiners, and that they should have their due as they once wished to have. If they went thus far, there doubtless remained in their minds a whole string of objections. They might say, supposing it had been a war of deliverance from the Duchies, yet the result hadbeen obtained only by sheer numbers, and not by any bravery of the troops employed. They might also say that the war had been carried on mercilessly towards the Danes—(hear, hear) ; that it had been carried on very harshly towards the Schleswig- Holsteiners themselves; and, finally, that the King of Prussia, after having once entered the country, was going to keep it for himself. (Hear, hear.) To every one of these accusations he (Baron Bunsen) offered the most unqualified contradiction.. As to sheer numbers, he would say what the Germans felt about that much-abused army. They were all, of whatever political creed, proud of possessing young soldiers who, when suddenly called out in the midst of a winter of great and unusual severity, had left their comfortable homes and proved themselves superior to all difficulties they encountered, and who had marched day after day through snow and sleet, and bivouacked many consecutive nights on the bare ice, totally unsheltered from the merciless winds. The Germans were proud of an army which, after an uninterrupted peace of about 50 years, had been able to show that steadiness in its marches and that selfsreliance which was only to be ex pected in the third or fourth year of a campaign. They thought that if such were the calibre of their men and officers they could look with very different eyes than before towards their western neighbour. He spoke from experience; because, daring the months he had spent on the Rhine this summer, he had often heard the question asked, "If the French were to oppose the Fatherland ?" and the feeling was now one of much greater con fidence in their army and in their weapons—those breech-loaders and rifled cannon—which were the astonishment of the world, who, he would ask, should rejoice at this result more than the Eng lish? (Hear, hear.) In his opinion it was the English who ought most to rejoice at any increase of strength to Germany outwardly and inwardly, because, whatever might happen, Germany and England together would have to keep the peace of the world. (Hear, hear.) It was Germany and England standing together that were the real pro tectors of peace and the promoters of civilisation and progress. (Hear, hear,) As to the question of merciless treatment towards the Danes, he knew that his hearers would hardly accept the cons tradiction on his part, because they had never had any accounts which did not speak of it. But he would ask them, had they ever done anything in the case of that English general who commanded the bombardment of Sweaborg ? Did they call him a barbarian who had ordered Kagosima to be set on fire, or did they set him outside the pale of civi lisation who in 1807 felt constrained by good and weighty reasons to destroy the Danish fleet of war, the English admiral at the same time co-operating and destroying numberless trading vessels, thus ruining no end of small traders ? War at the best was a most horrible thing. (Hear, hear.) When Englishmen read of constant vexations which took place in an enemy's pro vince occupied by troops, let them not forget that these things were mutual, The soldiers who were obliged by their discipline to stand still when they were hooted and dogged by the populace some times lost that self-command which they usually possessed ; but, from all the cases where he had been able to collect facts, he could say honestly that, in his opinion, it would be impossible to prove in stances which could bring home to the German soldiers and generals the infamous taint of cruelty. With regard to the levies made for the cost of war, the money had mostly been spent in the country, so that the country was rather better off than before. (Laughter.) The inhabitants of Schleswigello!stein considered themselves, in fact, very cheaply delivered from their oppressors, and if any Schleswig-Hol steiner was asked how he liked the result, he would say that he and his fellow -countrymen would be delighted to pay the expense, because they would otherwise have had to expend much more money and an indefinite amount of blood, which they were ready to have shed, but which they had been spared. He next came to the question of the course taken by the King of Prussia. Seme of those present might be :aware that he was a member of his present Majesty's loyal but very strenuous Opposition. If he were a diplomatist, he hoped he should not have had applied to him the old definition of a diplomatist, according to which it was his duty to lie abroad in his country's service—(laughter) —but he was not a diplomatist, and therefore he was free to say simply the truth. But he could speak with positive cers tainty when he said that the King of Prussia had never for a moment listened to the shameful and abominable idea of annexing the Duchies of Schles wig and Holstein ; and although the matter was not yet at an end, he was certain that his Majesty never would annex the Duchies. He had firm hopes in spite of all the difficulties which beset the ques tion, that in a few weeks—at least in n few months —the man, who, in his view, was the rightful Duke of Schleswig-Holstein, viz., the Hereditary Prince of Augustenburg, would be proclaimed the duke. He had the advantage, when a young man, of being at college with this future Duke of Schles• wig -Holstein; and he was convinced, knowing his character, that his would be a model State in the north of Germany. "It is my hope," said the baron, who spoke excellent English, " that we shall there have a second edition of your English constitutional rule. Now, I must really jump across from the green and glorious fields of Schleswig-Holstein to the green and glorious fields of East Norfolk, and I wish all your enterprises every kind of success and happiness." (Cheers.) Mr C. BUXTON, M.P., gave " The Successful Ex. hibitors," and availed himself of the opportunity of submitting what he considered a simple and satin• factory mode of preventing injury to the tenant farmer from the preservation of game. It was not pheasants and partridges which were injurious to the farmer—his greatest enemies were rabbits and hares. An average of the number of hares and rab bits killed on an estate should be taken for five or ten years, and then there should be a regular agree ment, as in any other matter of business, that the number up to the average number should belong to the landlord, and that all hares and rabbits killed beyond that number should be handed over to the farmer. The hon. member also touched upon the question of middle class education, and said that, generally speaking, the education given to the eons of farmers was very bad indeed. Ho had had an opportunity of examining a middle class school the other day, and if he found the little rascals in the ragged school in Shoreditch half so defective as were the pupils in this highly endowed middle class school he should be of opinion that the master should be at once dismissed. The hon. member commended the scheme adopted by Lord Fortescue and others in Devonshire, with a considerable amount of success, by which central collegiate schools were established by companies, and an excellent education was se cured to the sons of agriculturists. (Cheers.) Other toasts and speeches followed. FORTIFICATIONS AT MILFORD.—It is expected that important and extensive works will shortly be com menced at the Stack, Milford, in ordor to render that rock a valuable addition to the defences of the Pembrokeshire coast. From the commanding position of the Stack, a better site for a fort could not be selected. Royal National Lifeboat Institution. A meeting of this institution was held yesterday at its house, John-street, Adelphi; Mr Thomas Chapman, F.R.S., V.P., in the chair. There were also present Capt. Sir Edward Perrott, Bart., V.P., Admiral W. H. Hall, C. 8., F.R.S., Captain De St. Croix, Mr W. H. Harton, Captain Warde, R.N., Inspector of Lifeboats to the Institution, and Mr Richard Lewis, the Secretary. The minutes of the previous meeting having been read, a reward of £l5 was voted to the crew of its Arklosv lifeboat for putting off in reply to signals of distress, and ren dering important service to the ship Edinburgh Castle,Trom Glasgow to Singapore, which had struck on the bank . of Arklow on the night of the 20th ult. The lifeboat, at the request of the captain, accom panied the vessel for some time, a portion of her crew assisting in working the ship's pumps. The captain gave the lifeboat's crew his note for £4O in gratitude for the valuable services rendered to his vessel by the boat. A reward of £7 10s. was also voted to the crew of the Institution's lifeboat at Selsey for going off and rescuing seven out of twelve of the crew of the brig Governor Maclean, of London, which was totally wrecked during a gale of wind on the 0 vvers Sandbank off Selsey on the sth ult. The remainder of the crew were taken off by a Deal lugger. A reward of £6 10s. was likewise granted to the crew of the lifeboat belonging to the institution at Blackpool, for going off and rendering important services to the French brig St. Michael, of Havre, which had anchored in a very dangerous position on the Crusader sands bank during very stormy weather and in a high sea, on the 18th ult. This was the first service rendered by this lifeboat, and her crew spoke of her qualities in the heavy serf, in the highest terms of approval. It was reported that the institution's lifeboat at Teignmouth, Devon, had rendered im portant services to the schooner Victoria, of that port, which struck very heavily on the North Pole bank at the entrance of the harbour during a gale of wind on the night of the 3rd inst. Rewards amounting to £2O were also granted to the crew of the Lytham, New Brighton, Margate, and Port• rush lifeboats, for going off in reply to signals of distress, with the view of rescuing the crews of various vessels in distress, but which did not ulti mately require the services of the boats. A reward of .£2 was also voted to the crew of a small boat for putting off and rescuing, at some risk of life, two men whose boat was stove in upon some rocks near the harbour of Lossiemouth in a heavy sea on the 26th of August. Various other rewards were also voted to the crews of shore boats for saving life from wrecks on the coasts of the United Kingdom. The committee expressed deep regretat the lamented demise of Mr. Montague Gore, who had been for many years past an active member of the committee of management of the institution, and took the liveliest interest in the welfare of sailors,sparing no expense to aid their cause when needed. Payments amounting to upwards of £2,000 were made on various lifeboat establishments. The Horse Guards had applied to the institution for an additional supply of the new "Instructions for the Restoration of the Apparently Drowned," to be circulated amongst the several stations of the army at home and abroad. By order of the Viceroy and the Governors of India, these directions for the recovery of persons apparently dead from drowning had also been ex tensively circulated throughout the three presi dencies. It was stated that the proprietors of the Illustrated London News would give a beautiful coloured engraving of the lifeboat of the institution with the number of the paper on the 15th most. Letters were read from officers of the French and Russian imperial navies, expressing their acknowa ledgments to the institution for the important and valuable information they had received from it, while in England, concerning the lifeboat stations. The institution had sent, during the past month, new lifeboats to Redcar, on the Yorkshire coast, and to Cardigan. The railway companies had, as usual, readily given the boats a free conv,:yance. The cost of both lifeboats had been presented to the institution by benevolent persons. A gentleman had intimated his intention to defray, in conjunction with his sisters, the cost, amounting to about £6OO, for a complete lifeboat station on the Irish coast, in memory of their late father. They had previously defrayed the expense of a lifeboat station at Bude Haven, on the Cornish coast, in memory of their mother. Reports were read from the inspector and assistant-inspector of lifeboats of the institution on their recent visits to the lifeboat stations of the society on the north-east coast, and on the Kent and Sussex coasts. They had found all the stations in admirable order. A model of the institution's lifeboat was ordered to be placed in the Royal School of Naval Architects about to be opened at the South Kensington Museum. A letter was read from the Shipwrecked Sailors' Society at Mar seilles, requesting the institution to order for them a thirty feet self-righting lifeboat, which request the committee readily complied with. The pro ceedings then closed. The South Staffordshire Colliers' Strike BIRMINGHAM, Oct. 6. To-day a conference took place in this town be tween Lord Leigh, the Lord-Lieutenant of the county and some 25 to 30 of thecoalmasters on the sub- ject of the colliers' strike. This took place at the Hen and Chickens Hotel, at noon, and lasted more than an hour. Lord Leigh was accompanied by Colonel Mason, of the Volunteers, and among the principal coalmasters present were Mr William Mathews, Mr John Hartley, Mr William Barrows, &c. Lord Leigh's attention has been in various ways directed to the strike ; among others from the circumstance of the district effected being so closely contiguous to this town, and from the fact of it having been deemed necessary to guard the stores deposited at Bingley-hall belonging to the Volunteer corps. Impressed with the desirability of putting an end to if possible, Lord L e i g h went to Dud ley n Tuesda y , and had an inte rv i ew with some of the o strike, the delegates of the men, also with Mr Frederick Smith, of the Priory, Earl Dudley's manager, and yesterday (Wednesday) his Lordship had a further interview in this town with the men, at which the circumstances connected with the strike were fully discussed. At 12 o'clock to-day his Lordship mot the coalmasters, as above stated, a dozen of the col- Hers' delegates being in attendance. Lord Leigh addressed the meeting at soma length and with much earnestness. He urged strongly the priva tions which so many thousands of the men and their families are enduring, besought the employers to have regard to the station of the men as well as the nature of their employment, and begged that a point might be conceded which would be the means of putting a stop to the calamitous state of things now existing in South Staffordshire. Finally, his Lordship proposed that the men should have the opportunity of returning to their work for a fort• night at 4s 6d per day, on the understanding that at the expiration of that time the 6d per day extra, making ss, be granted. A long die. cussion followed; the result of it was that, although all present admitted the desirability of the strike being brought to a termination, there was an unani mous feeling against the proposition made by Lord Leigh. It was declared to be impossible to accept it with due regard to the interests of the trade; or, in fact, to make any concession whatever, it being held that to yield to the men in this matter would be to open the door to fresh demands on their part, the end of which could not be foreseen. The result was that Lord Leigh's well intentioned mediation failed; indeed, in the attitude in which the masters have placed themselves, nothing else could have been expected. It was stated in the course of the meeting that the strike will soon be over. This morning many of the men have signified their willingness to return to work in various parts of the district ; it is only the well paid delegates who advocate any other course. (ADVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Ointment and Fills.— The Best Way.—To gain any end there are often many ways, but there is always a best way. This statement ap plies with wonderful force to Holloway's remedies, which overcome ill-health by driving noxious matters from the frame, by repairing broken or injured structures, and by establishing regularity of action. This is the only safe and feasible method of combating diseases and securing sound health. With pure blood, good digestion, strong nerves and perfect functional order, most maladies may be van quished, and strength surely re-established. The balsamic and healing qualities of Holloway's ointment render it in valuable in the nursery for healing cuts, scratches, and sores, for allaying intimmations, reducing swellings, and cleansing unhealthy skins, LAUNCH OF A BLOCKADE RUNNER. About half-past one o'clock on Wednesday there was launched from the yard of Messrs. Bowdler, Chaffer, and Co,, at Seacombe, a very fine paddlewheel steamer, intended, no doubt, to run the blockade, She was launched with the Palmetto flag flying at her foremast. Her dimensions are— Length, 230 feet; width of beam, 20 feet; depth of hold, 11 feet ; and 800 tons burden. She is fitted with a hurricane deck, and was launched with her masts standing. She went off in very fine style, and was christened the Secret, by Miss Roberts, of Anfield, near Liverpool. Immed!ately on reach ing the water she was taken in tow by the steam-tug Sailor King, and docked in the Sandon Graving Dock, where she is to be fitted with her engines. These, with her boilers, are to be fitted up by Messrs James Jack and Co., of the Victoria Foundry. The engines are to be of a nominal power of 180 horse, but will be capable of being worked to a much higher power. The steamer herself presented a very handsome and yacht-like a pearance as she left the ways. The names of the owners did not transpire. After the launch a select party of ladies and gentlemen were entertained at luncheon in one of the mould lofts, Ample justice having been done to the really good things provided, Mr Bowdler said he had a toast to propose which was in close connection with the launch of the paddlewheel ste timer Secret. An observer of the vessels trading in and out of the port of Liverpool, when he compared the vessel just launched, with her fine lines, her very flat floor, her rakish look, and altogether her general appearance — when he compared her with other vessels, would be led to suppose, what was no secret to him, that that vessel was one out of the ordinary class. He himself did not know what particular trade that vessel was intended for, but of course they all had their surmises about it; and no doubt her ultimate destination would be running the blockade on the South American coast. Great credit was due to the men engaged in that service for the bravery they displayed ; and the owners of those vessels also took upon themselves a great responsibility in embarking such an amount of capital as that vessel would represent when she went to sea. With these remarks, he called upon them to drink "Success to the Secret; may she be a success and a good venture to her owners." The toast was cordially received. Mr Nairn responded on behalf of the owners. Tbis vessel was the second that had been built for the same owners; and if she proved as successful as the first was expected to be, the owners would be satisfied. The first steamer, the Stag, would shortly go on her trial trip. They calculated the speed to be attained at 17 miles an hour, and they ex pected the second steamer would be equal to the first, In conclusion he begged to propose the health of " The Builders," which was duly honoured. Mr I3owdler, in responding on behalf of the firm, said the Stag, to which Mr Nairn had alluded, and which was launched from that yard two months ago, was expected to go on her trial trip next week. For the vessel launched to day, Mr Jack expected to have the engines and boilers on board in three weeks. As builders they had given a good and faithful ship, and it remained for the engineer to put good engines in her to make her one of the fastest boats th a t ever left the Mersey. Ho might add that the Secret was a sister ship to the Stag; they had another of the family on the stocks in the yard, and they had good reason to hope that the family connection would be kept up for some time longer. (Applause.) The health of "The Commander of the Stag (Captain Johnson)" having been proposed and responded to, the health of " The Ladies," coupled with the name of Miss Roberts, who christened the steamer, was duly honoured, and the party then broke up.—Livei:pool Daily Poll, COURT OF COMMON COUNCIL, A Court of Common Council was holden yesterday at Guildhall. The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor presided, and there was a full attendance of members of the Court of Aldermen and Commoners, on account of the paper of busi ness containing a notification that the first proceeding would be to formally present to Sir Moses Mentstiore the resolus tion of thanks unanimously agiecd to by by the Court on 7th April last to that gentleman, for his distinguished and unwearied exertions on behalf, not only of members of his own religious prcfession, but of Christians, and to alleviate the evils to which they were subjected in Morocco and other parts. Sir Moses Montefiore, who it is satisfactory to state ap peared to be in excellent health, was introduced to the Court, amid loud and earnest cheering, by Mr Alderman Phillips and Deputy Elliott, the proposer and seconder of the reso lution of thanks. He was accompanied by Joseph Sebag, Esq., Sampson Samuel, Esq., Lewis Cohen, Fsq., Dr Hodg skin, H. Guedella, Esq., Dr Lowe, S. Lucas, Esq., J. M Montefiore, Esq., Dr Mortimer, and G. F. Phillips, Esq: There gentlemen took their seats on the Aldermen's bench, and Sir Moses Montefiore was placed on the right hand of the Lord Mayor. The TOWN CLERK (F. Wood thorpe, Esq.) having read the resolution, a copy of which, beautifully written and emblazoned was placed in the court for inspection, and greatly admired. The LORD NIAYOR rose, and addressing Sir Moses Monte - fiore, said :—Sir, —This Court as representing the citizens of London, has from time immemorial voted the freedom of the City to distinguished naval commanders and renowned sol diers, who have prized the honour exceedingly. It has done the same to distinguished patriots and philanthropists, and to others who have devoted their time and expended their means in endeavouring to relieve the sufferings of humanity. To you, Sir Moses Montefiore, a distinguished member of the Jewish community, the Court has voted unanimously a reso lution of thanks expressing approval of the course which you have so consistently pursued for a great many years, sparing neither toilsome and weary journeys or any exertion with a view to alleviate the sufferings, not only of your own co-religionists in various parts of the world, but to alleviate those of every other religious creed and denomination, and to procure justice for them all. It. gives me great pleasure to be the medium of presenting to you this resolution of thanks and of congratulating you upon having your name enrolled on the list of those distinguished men to whom a similar honour has been accorded, and whom this City considered entitled to such a tribute of respect and admiration. The Uity of London has at all times been ever ready to evince its sympathy with the sufferings of humanity, irrespective of creed, colour, or country : and I have now the greatest pleasure in taking you by the hand and presenting you with the resolution of the Court. The Lord Mayor at the conclusion of his speech shook hands most cordially with Sir Moses Moutefioru, amid loud cheers. Sir MOSES MONTEPIORE, who appeared almost overcome at his reception, then addressed the Court as follows : My Lord Mt* , or and Gentleman of the Corporation,— I am so deeply impressed by the high compliment which you have been just pleased to offer me that I fear my emotion will incapacitate me from conveying to you in adequate terms my thanks and gratitude, Vividly recalling how many distinguished by their brilliant achievements in war, in science, in art, and by general service to mankind, have en joyed in your hall the et_ rdial reception with which you have this day greeted me, my heart glows with feelings of delight that you have estimated so favourably my humble endea vours in the cause of humanity. The Imperial edict which through the Divine blessing I had the happiness to obtain from his Sheriffian Majesty the Sultan of Morocco, securing to the Jews and Christians of his dominions the same rights and privileges which aro enjoyed by other classes of his sub jects, constitutes a bright epoch in the history of that em pire, and must naturally tend to advance its prosperity. Permit me to psesent for your acceptance a copy of this important edict, and to beg for it a record in the minutes of your Court. Mindful of my long and valued association with the Corporation of the City of London, and of the high and responsible office to which I was elected by the confidence of my fellow-citizens in the first year of the reign of our beloved Queen, and remembering how nobly and how successfully your ancient Corporation has toiled for religious f ree d om , l am th e more gratified by the dis tinguished honour I have this day received—an honour I shall ever bear in grateful remembrance. My Lord Mayor and gentlemen, I thank you most heartily for your kind • ness, and I offer you m y earnes t wishes for the continued prosperity of this great Corporation, and for your individual welfare. Sir Moses thereupon shook hands with the Lord Mayor, and retired with hie friends amid the plaudits of the Court. Mr R. J. CHAPLIN, the chairman of the City Lands Committee, then moved that the address of the Lord Mayor and the reply of Sir Moses Montefiore be entered upon the journals of the Court. Mr WHEELER seconded the motion, which was agreed to unanimously, and the court then proceeded to the ordinary business on the paper. THE LORD MAYOR ELECT. The LORD MAYOR announced that he had received a letter from Alderman Hale, the Lord Mayor elect, formally announcing his acceptance of the o fffee of Lord Mayor for the year ensuing. TIIE COURT OF ALDERMEN. Mr J. SYMONS then brought forward a motion, the effeot of which was that in future the Court of Aldermen should be required to give notice to this Court of the amount of expenditure they proposed to incur during next quarter, and obtain the sanction of the Court for such expenditure. Deputy ELLIOTT expressed his opinion that the Court had no power to pass such a resolut ion, and said that if they did it appeared to him that it would be entirely inoperative. He asked the opinion of the Recorder upon the point. The RECORDER said he was of opinion that if the resolu . tion was agreed to it could not have ally legal effect, as it was not in the power of that Court to control the proceed ings of another independent Court. (Hear, hear.) Mr SYMONS, however, persisted in his motion,and said he considered the Court had a right to interfere with the mode in which the aldermen disposed of the City cash ; and with regard to what had been said by the Recorder, he said there could be no doubt that the Court of Common Council had the same power that was vested in the House of Commons of refusing the supplies. (Oh, oh.) Mr ROWE said there was no doubt that at present the Aldermen had the power of dropping their hands into the City purse when and to what extent they pleased. Whether they had a right to do so he was not prepared to say, but he could inform the Court that the Chamberlain told him that when any amount for payment of money, signed by the Aldermen, was presented to him, all he had to do was to pay it . (Hear, hear.) Although he should second the motion, therefore, he did not see what good could come of it. (Laughter.) After some further discussion, the motion was formally Put to the Court, and, upon a division, negatived by a majority of 47. OPENING OP SOUTHWARK-BRIDGE. Mr WEBBER., the chairman of the Bridge House Estates Committee, next brought up a report from that committee, which stated that the proprietors of Southwark-bridge were willing to dispose of it to the Corporation for the sum of £200,000, and that they had offered to allow it to be opened free to the public for 12 months, upon the Corporation guaranteeing them the sum of X 1,834 for the first 6 months, and £2,750 for the second. Mr Webber moved that the re port be printed and circulated among the members of the Court, and Mr LAWLEY proposing as an amendment, which was se conded by Mr. RumuN, the previous question, This led to a good deal of discussion, during which several members of the Court expressed an opinion that it would be extremely unadvisable to carry out the proposition of the committee at the present moment. The objections princi pally urged were, that if once the bridge were opened to the public it would be impossible ever to close it again to them, and that it was very doubtful whether, from its construc tion, it would be capable of carrying the heavy traffic that would have to pass over it, and if it were to fail, the Corpo ration would be compelled to build a new bridge, and pro ably incur an outlay of nearly £600,000. Alderman SALoMONS strongly supported the proposition for opening the bridge to the public upon the proposed terms, and said that if the arrangement was not found to be a satisfactory one, it could be put an end to at the time specified ; and ho said that the requirements of the public earnestly demanded that the Corporation should do some thing in such an important matter. _ _ Eventua'ly the motion for the printing of the report and its circulation among the members, with a view to its pub lic consideration, was agreed to. BENEVOLENCE. Several petitions for assistance to charitable institutions were referred to the Coal, Corn, and Finance Committee. Sore other business was transacted, and the Court then adjourned. The Great Polish Trial at Berlin. The translation of the Dzialynski memoranda was read on the 26th, after which the experts were called to decide as to whether certain documents were written by Count Dzia lynski and M. Gultry. They stated it to be their opinion that these documents might have been written by the gen tlemen in question. A student named Hoppe was then brought forward as a witness. He deposed that last year he went, with 50 fellow students, into the kingdom of Poland, where he first joined Mielencki's detachment, and afterwards those of Fancheux and Taczanowski. He was afterwards wounded and taken prisoner by the Russians. President—Why did you go to Russia ? Witness—To fight. President—Was it stated in camp that, after conquering the Russians, Prussia would be attacked ? Witness—l heard no such statement. President—Did any one persuade you to go ? Witness—No. A witness named Hoffmann then deposed that he had been enlisted at Posen for the insurrection by M. S. Blocis. zewski, whom, however, he could not point out among the accused. M. Lent then proved that the witness had con fessed forgery. The Court retired, and resumed shortly after, announcing the temporary liberation of M. Blociezewski, but rejecting the motion for the liberation of Messrs. Zakrzewski and Jarzenbowski. Messrs. Prondznski, Hulewicz, and Wilkonsk were then examined. They denied having belonged to the insurrection, which they regarded as an unfortunate consequence of Russian tyranny, and added that they knew of no hostile intentions towards Prussia among the insurgents. On the 27th several witnesses were examined in the Re kowski case, from whose evidence it appeared that M. Re kowski had neither paid money nor given arms to the insur gents, who used the high road, passing through his estate on their way to the kingdom of Poland. Other witnesses in the cases of MM. Radziminski and Prondzynski gave similar evidence, after which Messrs Deycks,and Janecki proposed the liberation of Messrs Pron. dzynski and Rekowski, which, however, was refused by the Court. M. Rekowski was then examined. He denied having assisted the insurrection, but admitted that Fancheux lay wounded in his house for a few days. The so-called report found among the Dzialynski papers was only a private letter addressed to an old friend of his. The depositions of several witnesses was then read, from which it appeared that no volunteers had assembled on his estate, and that Prussian troops were stationed there after March 12, 1853. M. Plucinski, accused of having acted as military com missioner, denied the charge. He admitted that he had given money to volunteers, but added that he had never enlisted any. He did not receive any Englishmen at Czem piny, or any officers from Cracow. Messrs K. Wenclewski, F. Matecki, and J. Majewski, accused of having assisted the insurrection in various ways, also declared their innocence. The Court then rejected the motion of M. Brachwogel for the liberation of M. Rekowski. On the 28th ult. a landowner named Kantak, a member of the Prussian Chamber, was examined as to the tendencies of the Central Agricultural Society of Posen. He deposed that the objects of the society were purely agricultural; that it numbered many Germans among its members, and that he was its secretary. He added that he was firmly convinced that the Polish insurrection was neither directed against Prussia, nor would ever be so directed, and that the agricultural society had not taken any part in political matters. • M. L. Smitkowski denied the charge against him of his having acted as civil commissioner. He admitted having collected money for the families of wounded insurgents at the request of the agricultural society. His statement was confirmed by witnesses. Similar evidence was given by M. Skrzydlewski. Count Kwilecki, M. Kierski, and M. Koscielski, accused of belonging to the secret organisation, were then examined. All three denied the charge against them. A witness named Solecki then gave evidence, which was totally opposed to that which he had given in the prelimi nary examination. Upon this several of the accused stated that during his examination every effort was made to obtain depositions from the witnesses against the accused. The P resident —Accusations of this kind should be made in another place. M. Elven—l am of opinion that the accused should be permitted to make such statements when the matter affects their own interests. In a trial of this kind the public ser vice demands such explanations. If the charge is correct, the grievanoe should be removed; if incorrect, the truth should be clearly shown. President—The truth should be elicited, but this is not the proper place for doing so. I close the discussion. The 'witness Solecki was then indicted as " suspected of perjury," and the Court decided that Count Kwilecki be liberated, AI, Radziminski being still detained in prison. On the 29th the accused, M. Mielencki, stated that he had been wrongly reported in the newspapers as having acknowledged that he had collected 400 volunteers and led them to the frontier. M, Lisiecki then submitted that M. Smithowski be libe rated, as there were no proofs against him. The Court post poned its decision. A discussion next took place as to whether or not Abbe Jarochowski had passed eight or nine times through Myze lowice on his way to Cracow. The witnesses brought for ward by the prosecution failed to establish the abbe's iden tity, and he proved that he had only once gone to Cracow to take back his younger brother, who wished to join the insurrection. The experts on the side of the defence in the Niegolewski case then said that, after examination of the documents attributed to him, they found they were not in his hand writing. The President directed the experts for the prosecution to give their reasons for arriving at a different conclusion. Professor Cybolski next deposed that a document put in by the prosecution, purporting to be signed by Dr Niego lewski, was written in such bad Polish that no Pole could be its author. M. Elven—ln No: 120 of the German Posen Gazette of Sept. 8, 1863, there is a leading article which speaks with great animosity of Dr Niegolewski, and makes very grave accusations against him. lam now in a position to prove that the article is a reprint of the indictment of Herr von Baerensprung, director of the Posen police. This fact is not only of great importance to the accused, Niegolewski, but also for the right understanding of the whole matter, as each special charge begins with the reports of the Posen police, I therefore move that the report contained in the documents against the accused Jasineki be read, which will fully confirm my statement. The Crown prosecutor opposed the motion, as no proof could be given that the article was printed with the know ledge of the police authorities, or that its publication was not an abuse of confidence. M. Elven—ln that case the authorities would of course have disclaimed the responsibility of the article. The Court decided against M. Elven's motion, and also against that for the liberation of MM. Smithowski and Jarochowski. The examination of the accused was then resumed. M. Zablocki, accused of having taken a principal part in the civil organisation of the insurrection, denied the charge. He sa'l he had relieved some destitute insurgents, and being a large landowner, had received a great many Poles at his house, but ho had not held any office in the national organisation. AI. N. Szumann denied that he had acted as a civil com missioner, but admitted his having joined Turno's detach ment at Slupce, and having been engaged in the battles at Pyzdra, Rychwal, and K 010. In June he was arrested by the Russians and given up to the Prussians. While in the insurgent ranks he had served as a common soldier, and never heard of any hostile designs against Prussia, Messrs. Kbnow and Brodoweki, who were also accused of having acted as commissioners in the national organisation, denied that they had done so. Dr Szumann, late editor of the Posen Gazette, said that the charges against him were based solely on police reports drawn up by a man who was a perfect stranger to him. His conduct had been ever guided by the feeling that he was a Polo by birth and principles; but he had never acted in any official capacity in the organisation. His statements were fully confirmed by the evidence of numerous wit- nesses, among whom was the landrath of the district • o; Czarnkow. The Court then ordered the liberation of M. Kunow and Dr Szumann, but rejected M. Deyck's proposal to liberate M. N. Szumann ; after which it adjourned to the 3d of October. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS, TMES.—The inquiry into the circumstances of the Belvedere catastrophe is both an easy and a difficult one —easy, because all the main facts of the case are known and accepted by everybody; diffi cult, because not a particle of evidence can be ob tained to confirm these natural assumptions. Every thing within the reach of the terrible explosion was annihilated in its very roar. Man and matter perished together, shivered into a thousand frag ments and whirled away into space. People know there used to be a magazine in the Erith marshes, but there is now only a yawning crater there. A keeper and two assistants had charge of that maga zine. They are all three killed. Ts so barges, each navigated by two men, were on the river, just opposite the magazine last Saturday morning. Men and barges together have been blown to atoms. Etuzna periere ruince—the very mines are lost. A visitor to the spot went to look for a cottage which he remembered ; it had been "swept entirely away, as with a broom." Every witness whose evidence could have thrown light on the catastrophe has been hurried out of the world by that tremendous thun derclap. Those immediately engaged can hardly be returned as killed—they are " missing "—that is to say, their very bodies have disappeared. The nearest approach to a piece of evidence is in a strange unearthly kind of story. Three men were on4be river in a lighter near the Belvedere jetty between 6 and 7 o'clock on the morning of the dis aster. They had observed the barges, and " men walking on them," but nothing more. Presently they found themselves enveloped in a great floodof light, and violently thrown down. One of them was forced overboard into the water, where a man came to help him, but that man had his right whisker blown off and has not been heard of since. Nobody saw how, when, or where the explosion began. Stranded, as it were, in the midst of this awful desolation, we can only inquire what must have been going on if everything had gone on as it was pre sumed to do, and this is what the coroner and jury did. Mr. William Hall, the owner of the magazine and the manufacturer of the article which it con tained, gave some very clear and straightforward evidence, by the aid of which we can follow the victims up to the latest minute of their lives. Th e mills at which the gunpowder is manufactured are at Faversham, and from this place the powder was brought to the magazine at Erith, and there stored preparatory to shipment. The magazine itself had been built in a large area of 18 acres, purchased for the express purpose of Isolating the building. It stood about 100 yards from the river's bank, and was connected with the stream by a wooden jetty. The transport of powder from the factory to the magazine was performed by barges constructed for the purpose. These vessels did contain a fireplace, which was in the cabin, the cabin being separated from the hold by a wooden partition lined with lead. In the hold was stowed the gunpowder, packed in barrels containing 100 lb. each. When the barges were on the voyage from Faversham to Erith no fire or light was allowed on board, the provisions for the men being served out to them ready-cooked before starting. Occasionally, however, these vessels are employed in bringing down from London to Faver sham the raw materials used in the manufacture of gunpowder—saltpetre, sulphur, and charcoal, and on these voyages cooking was allowed when the hatches were down and two or three tarpaulins piled over them. When the cargoes arrive at Erith to be unloaded the barrels are removed by hand from the barge to the jetty, placed on a wooden truck, and drawn by hand into the magazine. The tram way on the jetty is made of wood, the truck wheels are of gun metal, and the nails employed are of copper, and the workmen wear slippers of soft leather made expressly for the service. All the men engaged on the fatal occasion are spoken of as tried, trust worthy, and intelligent servants. Then how did the catas trophe come about ? Nobody can tell. Not even a conjecture was hazarded. All we know is that whereas these barges on their trips rely on wind alone like the wherries of fifty years since, and are therefore sometimes several days on the voyage, that delay did occur on the occasion before us. The vessels had been despatched from Faversham on Monday the 26th of September, and did not arrive at Erith to unload till atarday the Ist of October. Conse quently the men had been a week afloat, and though the standing orders about fire and lights were thoroughly understood the manager of the Faver sham-mills acknowledged that he "could not say what the men did when they got away." Now, as it does seem to be believed, though it has not been proved, that the first explosion occurred in one of the barges, and was thus communicated to the magazine, as the barges bad stoves and were provided probsbly with fuel and matches, and as the men had been six days on board, it appears to have been conjectured by the jury that, perhaps, some use was made of fire or light. That, at least, we surmise from She questions put to the witnesses, and from the opinion appended to the verdict, that " the practice of allowing stoves or lights of any description on board gunpowder barges should be discontinued." Still it would be unjust to forget that no evidence to such effect was produced; that excellent characters were given of the men em ployed ; and that, for all we can tell, they were working strictly according to rule in the discharge of their perilous duties. Mr. Hall mentioned that the wooden rails of the jetty were crossed by a public footpath, which had "always been objection. able ;" and there is a possibility that something at this point might have caused ignition as the powder was drawn over it ; but here the scope of conjecture terminates. It is a horrible characteristic of these catastrophes that the witnesses can tell no tales. The reader should observe that even if the very bodies on which the inquests are held could speak once more there could be little learnt from the evi dence. These corpses do not represent the men in the barges, nor the men on the jetty, nor the men in the magazine. Of these po or creatures there i s not a relic surviving, unless it be in some ghastly frag ments of humanity which have been picked up here and there. The body of Rayner, the storekeeper, was forthcoming, for be, it seems, after giving directions about the unloading, h a d gone b ac k to his cottage to get his breakfast when the explosian occurred. That, at least, is presumed from the fact that his ordinary shoes were found on his feet, and not the leather slippers which he would have worn on duty. As to the rest, there are the bodies of helpless wives and children who were near enough to be killed but not quite near enough to be annihilated. The real witnesses are as far beyond the reach and ken as the witnesses of the Deluge. We might as well ask for evidence about the Siberian Mammoth as seek for any direct testimony to the origin of the catastrophe at Belvedere. We can hardly see that much more is to be gained in the way of security for the future. The ingenious Rig gestion of the Coroner that the ingredients of gun powder might be kept separate till the article was needed for use, and then mixed "like a seidlitz powder," was promptly negatived by the experienced witnesses, and though I,ooolb, of gunpowder might undoubtedly do less mischief than 100,0001 b., it is a question if even the smaller quantity, once exploded, would not do as much mischief as could be imagined. It is something like the engineer's discrimination of railway dangers—at ordinary speed the train might be knocked into small pieces; at express speed into very small pieces. Moreover, the distri bution of an Itt stores would multiply the risks in number while it lessened each one in particular. So long as gunpowder is in demand, it must be manu factured somewhere and stored somewhere, nor is it probable that the management of so destruvive an agent can ever be free from danger. Still it is well to tarn this disaster to account if possible, and see whether any precautions can be devised beyond those already in use. The inhabitants of Erith are naturally anxious on the subject after the desolation they have witnessed and the alarm they have under gone, and there is another inquest pending on the spot which may elicit useful suggestions. The arrangements of this fearful trade must have been somewhat carefully matured if Mr. Hall could say that neither in the factory nor the barges had there ever been an explosion before ; but this is a matter in which no conceivable improvement should be left unconsidered, and we can on ly h ope t h at some ultimate advantage may attend so terrible a catastrophe. POST.—The intelligence transmitted by the American mail is partly of a military and partly of a political character. Fortune continues to favour th e F e d eral arms in Virginia, Early having sustained another defeat—whilst as regards the Presidential contest its limits are becoming every day more circumscribed. No one supposes that the rebellion will be crushed before the middle of the month of November, and, therefore, howeversalis factory it may b e to the Government at Washington to bo able to record victories, even though at the eleventh hour, the practical effect on the issue of the election will be inappreciable. It ;juncture, u ita is,however,. uncre. it a little sin gu l ar th a t, at th e present should for the first time be in the power of the Federal Government to point to successes in a State which, considering the measures taken for its sub jugation, ought long since to have been brought within the sphere of the Federal dominion. Vir. e ginia is separated from Wier: gland only by a 11 % t and its northwestern panic ,n has been cons titute by the Federal Government a distinct State,.,.eus nevertheless it is in the foy,rth year of the war w.. 0 we find the Admit2istratie.n of Mr Lincoln cong ; „ ( tulating themselves on r ictories gained within:; miles of Federal territor . As Mr Lincoln has :11 merely intimated his in' ention of again seeking i 0 suffrages of his fellow - c itizens, but stands n° , b , different chance of b g placed at the head of Be, poll, every victory gal, 'ned by the armies of the f .t public redounds to the credit of his Governor and recommends it to 'e favourable consideraTft of the people. During the past three months, thel Lincoln's principal objet lt has been to a vow. I confession of failure, and to this consideration _lt probably owe the continues '1 occupation of the an t and south banks of the James River by °e h , but wi The Federal General can do nothing, far too politic to say so officially. No one, to he have already observed, is so sanguine as e ii lieve that the Governm e nt; will be able. durleg4ooe present tenure of office to bring the war to able-tc but it would be gratifying to tile latter to be are show that now, at least, military being conducted with efficiency and ,succest ot i tt l are inclined to think the voting at Pre stu ,, e w hat elections in the United States teltes place eg s , " t t o es like that at many of our Parliamentary e' ee 55 10 here, namely, with an almost tot al indiffert'n es s of the personal feelings and political prejml ice as $ either of the candidates. The Republica. ° pra ts class will support Mr Lincoln, and the nen t , e ; e n. General M'Ciellan, whereas both will pro balw.c, os A tertain the same opinions in respect to t e 'it operations iv dienoy or inexpediency of prosecuting the wit c er• is not likely that up on thi s l a tt er p o i n t mni? ,ll " . tu re sity of opinion exists, b u t it i s s i m ply humailn s ,,, t ot that a political factio n s h ou ld en d eavo ur to er l ",: s ed the conduct of affairs to those who are its rec chiefs, and who, if in power, would be both a bleu the willing to furnish substantial recompense fe,, by favours they had receiv e d. Th e d e f ea t sustal''' o o Early in the neighbourh oo d o f Wi nc hester aPi le at to have been even more disastrous than it w 4 h oo . first supposed to be. The loss suffered by the ~ federates is now shown to have been so serious; al o e entirely destroy th e effi c i enc y o f t h e i r army eirio• for the purposes of attack or d e f ence . Sher'' t he fully appreciating the value of his victory 011 „0 18th of September, hastened in pu rs uit of his ei", i 'd nent, and drove him to bay i n th e m iddle p ass e- ,01 the Shenandoah Valley. After h a ving eva on e ' $ Winchester, the Confederates retreated i ° , lo / southerly direction along th e course o f the 01 ' e a intil they reached Stra s b urg . H ere they forr i el in line of battle, and seem to h ave b een detern'&; bo to dispute the farther advance of the Federals. Southern forces under the command of Early :1 0 tended from the North F or k ( one o f th e twe 51 ,70 effluents which, meeting at F ro nt R o yal form l'o t Shenandoah River), on the right, to the Bra s ', B l Motetain, which constitutes the northernly continuation of the Shenandoah mountains, on t'hf left, a position which, no doubt with the vier of enhancing their 'victory, the North describes nr having been almost impregnable. The right_ e a the Federal army was entrusted to the coran 3 t 3 , of General Crook, and he, successfully outfiank;i 3 7,. the Confederate left, threw his troops in be rear of the entrenched lines which had 'l; 4 constructed by the Southern General, and in t e l manner compelled their evacuation. Atta c ' - r e both in front and rear, the Confederates Wet obliged to retreat, which they did with a loss sixteen guns and a large number of men slai ll ,. s ° r 1 made prison ers . O n th e f o ll ow i ng d ay t h e Fene — r - General despatched a large fo rce o f cava lry in 13e ,; 4 0 suit of the flyi ng f oe , b ut t h ere i s reason to belle: that Early made g oo d hi s retreat i nto Central 17'1.; ginia. The withd rawa l o f F remont an d C o ebra,lh,"/ from the Presidential canvass re d uces the nom-,l candidates to two—M r . Li nco l n an d Genera M'Clellan ; whilst the r eso l u ti on o f the retiv,oie Democrats to support the soldier augurs favours hv for his success. Fernand o Wood and Vallandielt c ham have announced their int en ti on o f a biding " the resolutions to which they gave th e ir adhesi e at Chicago, and their immediate followers have ci „ e. tided on following their example. The appreh f "; sion of once more seeing the Republicans owe 0 victory to a schism in their ranks operated Sto strongly as to lead the principal Democrat s merge their own differences. There was no opP°'i tunity of convening the chiefs of the party a see, e)e gt time at Chicago, nor was it by any means ele: 0 that, had the Convention been revived, a candids' would have been found equally suitable to the r e ; spective advocates of war and peace. The Pe se tr Democrats have, like real patriots, conceded th e : points of dispute, rather than see those evil coa s t : quences which inevit a bly ensue w h en a house ? Is divided against itself. The position of affairs l a certainly not worse at present th an it was on „t i ; occasion of the last Pr e sid en ti a l election. I' Lincoln at that time co mman d e d the undivin-g allegiance of the e n ti re R epu bli can party. It; extremely doubtful, however, if he does so Iv"; There must be no small n um b er o f hi s fortes; friends and adherents who disapprove of the pag e .' he has pursued, and who, however willing to bens : fit by the patronage th e i r vo t es ma y heretofo r . have entitled them to, prefer now to cast in Ol ei c lot with those at whose hands they can esPe c + , nothing. Observers on the oth e r s i d e of the Al; lantio do not pretend to form an opinion regardiee the person who will prove the successful candida te : and in this respect we will i m it a t e th e i r r eticen ce. Whoever may be Chief M ag i s t ra t e o f th e RePn, ; ' bh ,p - will, however, act wi se ly if h e i naugura t es a po" a entirely different from th a t w hi c h h as b een pursue d by the present Administration. COUNTRY MARKETS. BRISTOL—•THURSDAY. A fair show of English wheat in our market to - d t : r f t : the demand for which rul e d d u ll, a t a b ou t l as t vg e "r A quotations. In foreign also very little business doing• other articles the trade was flat. NGHAM—THURSDAY. There was BIRM a limited supply of English wheat at rai r ; ket to-day, which sold at 6cl to is under last week's Pr ice Foreign sorts at is per qr b e l ow ip rev i ous ra t es . Barley o ,„ lower in price. O a t s ma d e f ormer rates. B eans steag o —English wheat was s old a t 40 s t o 44 s f or white, an g d na to to 41s per 36 stone for red, B ar l e y, new malting, ,ios 35s per qr ; grinding, 25s to 28 s . Oats, old, 24s to per 30 stone ; Irish, 20s to 245. Beans, 44s to 46s per q peas, 38s to 40s per 36 stone. MANCHE STER--THURSDAY. There was a good attendance at our market this Wa n t : ing, and more in qu i r y f or w h ea t th an f or some t i m e 1 18 English wheat sold at fully last w e ek's p r i ces , a nd foreig n d declined is per qr. Flour dull, an d we quo t e prices f' o 7 of late . Oats and oat mea l were rat h er eas i er. I n dian oor in favour of sellers, and beans were is lower. BURTON-ON-TRENT—THURSDAY. There was a middling show of wheat at our market t o i day, which met a greatly improved demand, at quite la te week's prices. Barley was in g oo d supp l y , an d m ade l'`. o values, but with rather a flat trade. Oats unchanged I price. Beans a heavy sale. Old white wheat..4ls to 46s New do. ..38s to 42s Malting barley....34s to 37s Grinding d0.....26s to 30s Old red wheat 43 s to 450 . New do. .40 s to 440 Oats 2 os to 2 90 Beans 3Bs to 413 EDINBURGH GRAIN—WEDNESDAY. To-day there was a f a i r supp l y of country wheat. slow, and fully as dear as last week. Wheat on the top 2s Od,up average is Gd doiv o ° Barley on the top I s o d d own , Oats on the top i s Gd down aa v v e e r r a a g g e e Osis 2 B ( d i d d ° ll3: 12 Beans on the top is Od down average 2s 2d down' _ _ Total Supply and Sales. v Wheat ... 915 qrs Sold 469 qrs 8ar10y........2354.qrs Sold 1753 qrs Oats Beans lB5 qrs Sold 154 qrs Average Prices. Wheat. Barley.. 27s 3d 1 Beans 4 2 s I" Town• made flour sells as follows :—White, 375; extra superfine, 35s ; superfine, 335; fine, 31s. GLASGO W—WEDNESDAY. A fair attendance at our market to-day, and wheat el at an improvement, and at full prices. Barley very d ul y at a decline of 6d per qr. Oats sold to a limited extent, an receded 6d per qr. No change in the trade was observable for beans. maize, and flour. Births. f ALLEN.—On tho 3d i ns t., a t St o k e N ew i ng t on, t h e wife - o Joseph Allen, Esq., of a daughter. BARRY.—On the 3d inst., at 1, Old Palace-yard, S.W . ' Mrs. Edward M. Barry, of a son. CURTIS.—On the 3d inst., at Blomfield House, Angel-bil l s the wife of Colonel Curtis, C. 8., of a son. MORANT.—On the sth inst., at the Manor House, 0 Ringi wood, Hants, the wife of Hay Richard Morant, Esql twin daughters. Marriages. PORTMAN—MORDAIINT,—On the sth last , at Wat c/1 D'Evile, the Hon. and R ev . Walter Berkeley Porn:al rector of Corton D en h am, Somerset, to Alice, youngest daughter of the late Sir John Mordaunt, Bart. WHITE—PRAED —On the sth inst., at St. Michael's, Che o# ter-square, the Rev. Henry W. White, vicar of Kentottt, Suffolk, to Hele n Adeline, the elder daughter of the lat e Winthrop Mackworth Praed, Esq., M P. Deaths. DAVENPORT.—On the 2d inst., Thomas Davenport, 8E' 4.9 of Abercromby -square, Liverpool. EDWARDS. —On the 6th inst., R o b er t Ed war d s . Esq., Of 41, Leinster-square, Hyde-park, and Salad's-hill, Pas' hurst, Kent, aged 47. FANE.—On the 4th inst., Cecil Fane, Esq. HonNE.----On the Ist inst., at Greenwich, liaac floras Esq., aged 75. POCOCK.—On the 3d inst., at Burton-crescent, Edwa rd Pocock, Esq , aged 60. London: Printed and PrMished by WILLIAM ANDulfrO • of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE Sul( Office No. ice' o Strand, In the Precinct of the Savoy, in the Wu" - Kidttlelex.--Friday, October 7,1864. THE SUIN, _LONDON' FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 7, 1864.