The Sun. — London, England, 1854-10-19 00:00:00

AIONEY 2.41 Alt K E AND CO Al A I .1.c7E.0 Al. IN TELL IGENCE, CITY, TNS 0 O'CLOCK. The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday were estimated at 7,000 bales, including 1,500 American taken for export and on speculation. The market Was rather heavy, without change in prices. The sales comprised 6,000 American, 240 Pernam and Maranham at 60. to 71d., 300 Egyptian at sid. to Bd., 500 Surat at 21d. to 41-d., and 40 Sea Island at 11d. to Is. 7d. per lb. Railway Shares were dull at lower prices. The sales of wheat in the towns which govern the official return, were last week 151,870 qrs., and the six weeks' average price is 555. Bd. per quarter. Thero arrived yesterday in the Thames from abroad 59 ships, besides 4 from Ireland, and 17 colliers. The stoppages at Liverpool are still the subjec of much conversation here, and we regret, to say, although circumstances certainly would warrant it, that there is very little sympathy expressed among more cautious mercantile men. They deprecate the recklessness of those parties who bring 'into disrepute the commercial standing of Liverpool, and stamp it with too much of the former Yankee go a-head principle, which is becoming unpopular even in America. Indeed if we look to the wholesome warnings of the New York press, we shall find that it neglects no opportunity to inculcate caution and expose over -trading. We would affect no sem blance of commercial puritanism, nor argue for a moment that speculation must not, to a certain extent, enter into all mercantile dealings. The advantage of consumers is concerned in energy and in a fair risk of capital, and we should never desire that undue restraint should be imposed ; but we do think, in the interest of those who are trading fairly upon their own means with such moderate amount of Bark assistance as is requisite, that every mere adventurer, as well as every party who, with moderate resources, aims e t establishing an enormous business in an incredibly short space of time, there should be more frequently a check im posed upon such practices. The drawing and re drawing of bills without any security offered, in fact i s mere accommodation paper, ought to excite the sus- SI. picions of the local banks, especially where it is so 41y easy to trace the origin of the persons concerned in its 25 manufacture. Even if the firm has been long and r honourably known, and has earned a character by 3/ former consistent trading to its full share of sup- s port and accommodation, suspicious must arise 5 , when its bills multiply, and it departs from its 2 usual method of doing bu siness, by giving ' 0 and taking longer credits than usu al. 2 What is publicly stated now with regard f , to the system of buying and selling ships at 2 Liverpool is enough to account for any such casu alties as those which have lately occurred ; but we feel a special satisfaction in believing, from j the opinions we have heard expressed by Liverpool 1 men themselves, that such speculative transactions do not find countenance except in a few quarters there, and that, on the contrary, a jealousy has existed upon seeing parties of inadequate means outstripping the sound trader, and apparently making a rapid fortune under the unfair competi tion which his facilities enable him to originate. Money continues in fair request, but is expected to become. easier shortly. No important change occurred in the quotations for bills of exchange upon the principal cities of the Continent on Tues day. Paper at ffo days was quoted 25 35 to 37i on Paris, 11 18 to 184 on Amsterdam, 13 6f to 7 on ilamburgh, 11 4S to 54 on Trieste, and 118 a to 1181 on Frankfort. For Mexican dollars, which are flat, no price is quoted, and the g old per Queen of the South has been sent into the Bank of England as the only de mand is for that containing over 20 dwts. of silver per lb. According to the returns g iven in the Banker's Circular, the aggregate average circulation of the Joint-Stock Banks of England and Wales, during the week to the 30th ult., was 3,077,376 1 ., being a slight increase over the previous week. Of the private banks, during the same period, the total issues were 3,737,6971., which is a decrease of about 40,0001. compared with the previous week. The English Stock Market has been without any improvement, and the business doing is principally for immediate transfer, the supply of stock being so far equal to the demand as to prevent any rally. There are many opportunities just nose of tempo rarily investing money which seem to offer more inducement, and even the loaning of capital at short dates involves less risk of fluctuation and loss. The advance in the corn market gives a handle likewise to those who feel disposed to operate for lower currencies ; for although the en hanced price of wheat at present chiefly benefits the farmers, not having oc casioned lar g e exports 1-Z of bullion, it may promote purch ases of foreign ‘g, grain. Consols have been 94R f, and since 94-i. -R. 20 The account prices have been 94R f . The New 31 2 0 per Cents. have realised 92i '2, and the Three per Cents 931 to Bank Stock has been at 2083 / 4 to I ,g 210. Exchequer Bonds are 99f l c . In the foreign market, the dealings have been at 100 prices slightly in favour of buyers. Mexican Bonds 2 20 have been quoted , however, at 23l 3 / 4 , ex dividend, 5 w hich is some improvem ent. S p anish 3 per cents. 205, have been 37 f. The Turkish scrip has been flat at 2i to 2i premium. A bargain is noted in Rus- 101 sian 41- per cents. at 85. The following are the nominal prices of foreign 1201. stocks :=Grenada Deferred Bonds, 5 / to 6/ ; Mexi- 0 can, 231 to 231 ; Peruvian, 71 to 73 ; ditto, 3 per Cents., 51 to 53 ; Portuguese 4 per Cents., 20 4 , 40 to 42 ; Russian 5 per Cents., 96 to 98 ; ditto, 4 3 / 4 per Cents., 84 to 86 ; Spanish New Deferred, 100. 188 to 18'g ; ditto, 3 per Cents ., 37 i to 38 ; ditto, 100 Certificates, 5 to 54 ; ditto, Passive, 4i to 41. 101 The eighth issue of Mr. Mihill Slaughter's Rail- 100 Way Intelligence, for the year ending the 30th Sep 0. tember, 1854, fully maintains the compile r ' s re p o- 1 2 0 tation for both industry and accurac y . There is 2 scarcely anything in the matter of railwa y statistics hg *which the work does not contain, and the peculiar facilities possessed by Mr. Slaughter in his official 20 connection with the Stock Exchange have been made available to the utmost. 4 The September returns of t he traffic u p on the t eleven great cent r a l railroads of France give a total 20 receipt of 17,199,883 francs, or nearly 2,000,000 20 francs more than in the corresponding month of 1 33 1853. Th e returns of the English lines for the week, as 1 0 ? 20 below given, contrast favourably with the like date of 1853. The London and North Western shows 20 an increase of about 3,0001., the Brighton of 11; 2,000/., the Midlan d of 1,7001., the South Eastern 20 of 1,0001., the Caledonian of 1,2001., the rat f 3,0001., and the North Eastern of Northern o 3,5001. The last week's railway receipts ascertained up 20 to this day are in round figures as under 10 1854. 1853. 20 North-Western £56,597 £53,243 49 eatern Sought W ighon 15,414 13,623 20 Midland 27,454 25,711 20 South -Eastern Caledonian Great Northern 22,113 19,012 20 North-Eastern The Railway Share Market has been heavy, without any general change in values. Caledonian 20 have been depressed a little, and Lancashire and Yorkshire and Midland have drooped. The foreign 1 8 lines have been mostly nominal. Great Western :, ( j of Canada a re firm. 2J The Santiago de Cuba Mine shares are rather worse, the Joint-Stock Banks are dull, the Crystal 2( Palace is without alteration, and Scottish Austra- ham Investment are scarcely supported. 25 St. 20 St. 20 20 10 10 St. 10 St. 20 20 50 20 BRITISH FUNDS TEE'S DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. ( Front the °filial List.) itu iness done. Bank. Stock ....... .............................. F : ,28 ,, i 10 3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities.... .......... • .2,;?, 3 per Cent. Consols Annuities ................ :It . . .. New 3 per Cent. Annuities ................ . 71.16 4 a 6 Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan., 18D 1860 . 9 Ditto 30 Years, Expire 10th Oct., . 4 3-16 1-16 Ditto 30 Years, Expire sth Jan., M. 0.. 7 10 India Bonds, 1:1000 ...............•• 4 9-16 Ditto, under £lOOO .......................... :::" .. 94.1 . 7 10 5 Consol.s for Account 1 4 th Nor. .. •••• ••" Exchequer hills, 2.4d -7 P Small ....................................... • 4 P 3 Exchegner Bonds 1858, 3 2 1 per Cent....... 994 4 Ditto 1859, ...... 99i i ~ PRICE or FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCI c... x a Ilexican 3 per Cent. .......................... . 23i i Russian Bonds, 1822, 5 p e r Cent. Z St ..... Ditto 4a per Cent. .............. . ........ .... 85 Spanish Boßds, 3 per Cent ..................... 37i Turkish Scrip 6 per cent ............ ............ 2 i P L.,--t. , l,is on the hoe papl, l in 7 in , ' ,,T '• lid LP•PA SW T TO. Consols Ditto NoTembn A.oount ... i ... i, , tii .. . .. 100 A.berdeen - ...... Nottng Bost. and Eastu. Juuet ..• all Belfast & all l'Arminp.;. Wolverh. & Stour Valley ...... Eirkenhcl. Lanesh. Cheshire Juliet...... all 1)o. Cheap. & Birk., £5O wed £25 Cons. 19 Do., ..... 30 Myth &,Tyne origina .425 (issd. at - £4s' 100 Bristol and Exeter... iOO ....... ...... 21s. Calmarthen mid Car digan all Chester & Holyhead, all Cork and Bandon all Cork, Black, & Pass 14 Cornwall 1 Crieff Junction 45 Dublin &IllelfastJunc all Dundee POrth&Abor, deep, Junction all Do. New. ...... 100 East Anglian All &astern Counties..... 00 I'lastern Union, Stock 10( Ds., B. Stoc' , 8. Do., New ...... .00 East Lancashire • .00 Edinburgh & Glasgomi Ediub. and Peebles ...' .00 Edin. Pr I & Dundee 1 Forth & Clyde June. 1.00 Glasgow &, S. Western 100 Great Northern 100 Do., A. Stock 100 Do., B. Stock 100 Gt. Stli. &West.(lre.) 100 Great We,steru 100 1)0, Stour Val. Rail Gua. Stk all Irish South-Eastern all Lancaster & Carlisle 14€ Do., Thirds 4 Do. New Thirds 100 Lancash. andYorksl 194 Do., Fifths 114 Wst. Riding ULI all Liv.Crsby.&Soutlipt all London & 131ackwal 100 Loud. Bright &S. Cat, 100 Lond. and N. Westn, 12 Do. Fifths 1 Do.lo/.5h.,111&8...( 2.1 Do. Eighths 100 London audS. Westu 42 Do., £5O 34 Do., £4O • all Lucndrry& Coleraine all Lndndrry. & Ennislt. L OO Aanch.Slief.& Linein Alan. Sz, Liu. Un 100 bdidland 100 )o. Pirmn g. &Derby all Aidlcl. G. West. (Irv.) 22 Do. Half Shares ill Newcastle & 5 wmkt.Bury Exton. 19 Nwpt.Aberg. & Hrfd 8 Newry & Enniskillen all Newry Warrenpoint and Rostrevor .( 1 2,0 Norfolk Northn.Counties Un. ,00 North British all) North Devon, No. 1. all Do., No. 2 ............ : all Do., A Deferred all Do., § B Guaranteed I( K.) N. Eastern—Berwick 20 Do. do. Extension 13 Do.do. G.N.E. Purch. all . Do. Leeds 100 Do. York all North Loudon 8? Do. New £lO N.&S.Wstria.,Hamp• stead, and City Jo., 17? North Staffordshire , all North Western all N. &S. Westrn. June 1 Nuneaton, Hinckley and Leicester .00 Oxford, Worcester, & Wolverhampton 4 Portsmouth 00 ;cottisk Central ScottisliMidland all ilirewsby. & Herefd all -Shropshire Union Do, A, B, C,& paid up at per eau • , rll iouth Devitt 00 ;oath Eastern all south Wales . 5 Yrksli. & Riv. Dur 5 Do 8 itaincs, Wok &Wol: all tockton & Davila 16 itoekton & [0 , :! ftfl . Vale 9 .)o. £lO shares wo Do. Pref., No. 1 21 filames Haven Doei and Railway all Vale of Neath all Waterfd. & Kilken all Waterford&Limeriel. 18 West Cornwall 3 Nest End of London and Crystal Palace all West London Wimbledn &Croydor, SHARE MARKETS. (THIS DAY.) BRIT: r sii(l.l RAILV ATe. Business auxin this day. Closing Prices yenerday. - 22 -11 d - 171 - 6 - 97 601; - 15 - 12 1 d - 7 - 17 - 11 - 68 -, 57 - 24 74 - 76 L 24 - 126 90 - 92 71 71 70 - 72 - 82 8 - 100 8 - 10. -71 i 51 - 64. ...CI - 103 - 105 101. 1011 id- ip d - tE , - Bli - A 9 - 8 A S 7t 23~ 61 41 - 2i - 45 3a 34 ... 6i 75i -- 6t - 14t - 53 -- 6 - 6 d 32 - 94 - 71 - 46 - 13 - 62f - 32i - i - 35 - ... - • ••• ''''' • 17i 4} - 21 - 18i - 7 FOREIGN. all Antwerp&Rotterdom 3 Belgian Eastn. June. 8 Beziers to Graissessac 2s. Bombay, Bar oda, and Central India,Serip ... Central of Italy all Demerara 14 Dijon and Besancon 9 Dutch Rhenish all Eastern of France 10 Do. New all East Indian... : 2 Do. Extension all Do. 41 p. c. Bds., pay. '57, convertible all Do. do. do., '59, d 10 Gd. Junct. of France 121 rd.Tkof Canada.A. is. all Do. do all Do. St. Lawrence & Atlantis do. all Do. Cert, of Deben , con. into Stk. till '63 all Do. Comp. 6p.c. , do. 10 Gt. Centralof France all Gt. Indian Peninsula 1 Do. New 5 per cent. all Gt. Western of Canada 5hare5........... all Do. Bds., payablo's7, with option till '55.. all Do. do., ' 62 , p. 56... all Do. do., '76, p. '60... all Do. do., '73, without 'option ................ all Hamilton & Toronto all Do. 6 per cent. ...... 8 Lake Const. & Basle all Lucca. Li Pistoj a 5 p.c. pr0f................... 12 Great Luxembourg Constituted Shares all Do. Obligations....... i 0 Lyons and Geneva ... 12 Lyons & Mediterran 16 Madras 2 - Do. New 31 Maria Antonia all Do. do. New 2 Melbourne Dk. & Ry. all Nainur & Liege (witl interest) all Do. (ex interest) all Northern - of France all D 0.20. /. Shs.late Char leroi and Erquelinesl guir. 3 p. c. & red. at 22.1. dur. 88 yrs. front 1 Jan. 1854.... all Do. 20/. 3 p. c Bob. (finy.B.& Ams.Shs ; all NorwegiauTrunkPre 14 Paris and Lyons all Ditto Bonds all Paris and Orleans All Paris and Rouen 10 ParisCaco dti Cherbrg all Rouen and Havre 20 Loyal Danish 3 Royal Swedish all Sambre and Meuse all Do. p. cent. Prei 10 Souther of France, 14 St. Andrew's and • Quebec (A.) all West Flanders all Do , c. Prof_ V 10 Western of France , West. of Switzerland all Wiesbaden 20 Zealand [o All LO! all 0 all 15 5 ?,0 2 :10 25 :0 16 ',O 1 all 50 20 50 10 100 20 10) 35 !O lO 50 22 . ?.0 all all io 25 ,0 Ali 5 1 ~:~ i xl! fia 61 6E z 1 (i a— i P - P - -33 R ta d ad 8 7 11 9d 11 9 4 4 - iP A - 1P 17i -18 i I ISi par -- 2 ld par id it P 2 4P (lie 5 - 5 4 3 - -- ... i ••• par -- * P . -- 10 21i p 50 40 pm 23 lid lid I. JOINT-STOCK BANKS• Xusualasia ............ British Colonial Bank and Loan Company British N. American Chartd. Bank of Asia ChM. Bnk. of India, . _ Co A lo u n s i t a ar l lia , & China Commercial of Loud English Scottish and Australian Loud. Chart. Bk. of Australia London and County London Joint Stock Loud. & Westminster National Provincial! of England 00. New National of Ireland, Now South Wales Oriental Bank of Corporation. Provincial of Ireland Do. Now Royal Australn.Bkg & Gold Tmp Co .0,1.01 A.u6trillia, i.Jui,in of Australia Do. New ' Vigo of L ondon my 7~3~ --79~~ a -- par io ii 8 -21 21/ 221 6 = 45 42 - 44 ••• ~ 43 45 67 - 69 7i - no or' o THE SUN. LONDON, THURSDAY EVENINu, OCTOBER 19, 18b4 MORE DEAD. GEE I CS. Official intelligence was received yesterday, at the War-office, of the deaths of the following officers in the Crimea, in addition to those who fell in the battle of the Alma : Lieut.-Coloncl William Francis Hoey, of the 30th Regiment. Captain John A. Freeman, of the Scots Greys ; Captain Longmore, of the Bth Hussars ; C.iptain the Hon. C. L. Hare, of•the 7th Fusiliers. Lieutenant and Adjutant Thomas Irwin, of the 13th Light Dragoons ; Lieut. Ramsay Wardiaw, of the 19th Foot. Ensign Wm. Fred. Phipps, of the 19th Foot ; Ensign Win. Y. Johnston, of the 30th Foot. Quartermaster John Lehay, of the 4th Foot. Leasing Compass, I.Closing Price€: i yesterday. Business this day. AUSTRIA VERSUS PRUSSIA. The Ministerial organs are very indignant -when any doubt is suggested of the good faith or trustworthiness of Austria. Yet how is it possible for any one whose memory reaches twelve months backward to place confi dence in that Government ? Is the fraternisation of Francis Joseph and Nicholas at Olmutz already for gotten ? During the brief period which has since elapsed Austria has turned from being a friend to being an enemy of Russia. May it not have turned back again by this time next year ? There is an old French pro verb which says that—on revient toujou7s d ses premiers amours. It is a curious fact that when the Oriential question was first raised Prussia leant more to the Western Powers than to Russia ; Austria more to Russia than to the Western Powers. Now Austria has all but declared war against Russia, while Prussia has become its tool. A brief review of political movements in the interior of Germany iney perhaps help to explain this game of " change corners." What is called the Germanic Confederation is stip poeed to be governed by the Diet at Frankfort. But since the Revolution of 1848 the Diet has become a mere name. When Austria and Prussia concluded their treaty of the 21st of April last, they intimated it to each State of the Confederation separately, asking their ad hesion. When reminded that it ought to have been pre sented to the Diet, they stated that unless they could previously obtain the adhesion of all the Governments, it was not their intention to bring the matter before the Diet at all. This was tantamount to a declaration that Austria and Prussia no longer regarded the Diet as a reality, and were determined to negotiate with each State apart. Previous to the revolution of 1848, Austria and Prus sia were contented to be rivals for ascendancy in the Diet. In 1818 the King of Prussia gave a broad hint that he was willing to take part in the Frankfort Parlia ment, on condition that it would make him Emperor of Germany. In this aspiration he was foiled by Austria. The revolution was soon after put down. The Diet had become a laughing-stock. Prussia and Austria removed their contest into another field. Their struegle recommenced in 1850, in the conven tions of the Zollverein. Austria claimed to be admitted, with all its territories, into that league, and was opposed by Prussia. Austria instigated the four kingdoms — Bavaria, Hanover, Saxony, and Wnrtemberg, the two Grand Duchies, Hesse and Baden, the Electorate of Hesse, and the duchy of Nassau—to coalesce for the purpose of compelling Prussia to yield to the claims of Austria. The result was a compromise. The Zoll verein was renewed on its old footing, and concluded a treaty of commerce with Austria. The combination formed by the minor German states, named above, was not dissolved when this contest ended. They held together both in the Zollverein and the Diet. They continued to be friendly to Austria and hostile to Prussia. The latter Government complained bitterly of their animosity. When the Oriental question was first raised, as has already been observed, Austria leant to the side of Russia, Prussia to that of the Western Powers. Austria endeavoured to obtain the adhesion of its old friends of the coalition. Saxony, the amee daranie of Austria, was gained at once. M. de Beust, the Saxon Minister of Foreign Affairs, repaired to Munich to canvass the other governments for Austria. But Bavaria had a separate game to play ; King Otho was threatened by France and England, and Bavaria gave to understand that its alliance mustbe bought by supporting King Otho. Neither Prussia nor Austria could be induced to commit themselves to so hopeless and discreditable a cause, and Bavaria resolved to stand aloof from both, and persuaded the as-ociate governments to do the same. Thus stood matters when the Austro-Prussian treaty of April2l was concluded. The eight confederates agreed to meet at Bamberg on the 25th of May,to consult as to what course they should adept in the event of the treaty being submitted to the Diet for its adhesion. By this time Prussia had advanced pretty far in its wheel round from the Western Powers to Russia. The end of May was marked by the recal of M. de Bunsen from London, the resigna tion of M. de Bonin, Minister of W ar, and the resignation of his military appointments by the Prince of Prussia. The Liberals were evidently smitten hip and thigh in the Prussian Cabinet ; and from that moment the Bam berg Cenference—the coalition which had been called into existence by Austria to thwart Prussia—began to take part with the latter. The sole contest between Prussia and Austria is for the mastery in Germany. To gain a chance of annexing the Wallachian principalities Austria has for the time joined the Western Powers, and its German adherents have transferred their allegiance to Prussia. Hence it comes that we now hear Austria bullying the minor German States, and telling them plainly that unless when following in its wake they are nothing. The whole affair is a squabble amongst dynasties. The voice of Germany is not heard ; the interests of Germany are nut thought of. The Prussian Government aims at becoming master of all Germany, by the aid of Russia. The Austrian Government hopes to annex a few of the German minor States if a war break out in Germany. The Bavarian Government seeks to prop up the ricketty throne of Austria. Personal and family aims engross all of these crowned heads. The consequence of all this turmoil seems likely to be that Germany will again be made the battle-field of a war in which it has no concern. The Oriental contro versy ought to be fought out in the Russian dominions, lie but the war is likely to extend to Germany. There is help for the Germans in their princes—how can they help themselves? Austria, among 37,000,000 of sub jects has only 7,000,000 Germans. Of the nominal Prussians the Rhine Provinces have only been subject to the Court of Berlin since 1815. They have less in common with the old subjects of Prussia than any other Germans. They have no interest in the extension of the Prussian dominion. The populations of the other Ger man States have no wish to be subjected either to Prussia or Austria. But how are.ali these Germans to help themselves ? The Diet—even when it was more than a nanie—was the representative and organ of the courts, not of the peoples, of Germany. The Frankfort Parliament had neither money nor armies. But a Frank fort Parliament, allied with an energetic and ambitious German Prince, could do something. Austria is the type of the old German aristocracy. Bavaria is priest ridden. Prussia has abdicated its place as the bead of the party of progress in Germany. What German Prince will bid, for the throne of a consolidated German monarchy ? The office may be set up to auction ere many months elapse.—Daily News. & N. West. L.SLN.W. Caledon... Gt.Nrthf. Caldothmi. Do Gt. Wean YIE. New. Berw. Y. t.; N Ma, Do Do. • S. Eastern PROPOSED 01DERS TO THP, ARMY BE FORP; CONIMENCING SIEGE OPERA TIONS AT SEBASTOPOL. fPets & Co. BIVOUAC IN FRONT OP SEBASTOPOL, October 3, Nine a.m. The trenches will be opened this evening against Se bastopol ; a working part;, consisting of —, furnished by the will be marched to the engineers depot at p.in., where they will receive tools and directions front the engineers' officers and rappers, who will guide them to the works ; they will be without arms and ac coutrements. The guard for the protection of the work ing and ground will consist of --, furnished by --, and will parade in their camp at— p.m., be conducted to their positions, posted and receive instructions from staff officers who will be assembled fer the purpose. All the movements of the parties must be, if possible, kept out of view of the place. After moving from their last place of assembly, which will be after dark, the utmost silence must be preserved, and the least possible noise of any kind made. The work ing parties will be arranged is proper order by the engi neers, but will not commence work till ordered, after which it must be carried on with the greatest energy. The engineers will be charged with the arrangements, but the officers of the troops must be responsible for the maintenance of order and attention to the directions given by the engineers, and for the amount of work done ; on diligence and regular conduct of the work ing parties will depend more rapid and complete suc cess of the enterprise. The working parties must not quit the works on slight alarms. .11 the enemy make a sortie, the guard will advance and drive them in, and before they reach the work, if possible ; should the working party be absolutely obliged to retire, they will take their tools with them, and re-form a short distance in rear to return to the work when the sortie is repulsed. The guard will be posted in r ear of the working party, and near to it, if possible, under cover from the fire of the place ; if not they must lie down in order of battle, With accoutrements on, and each man with his firelock close by him--one party, not less than one-third of the forces, absolutely on the alert all through the night, taking it alternately, ready for an immediate rush on e i e f is re o t u h t e a g n u d a rodn must h u e s t w b o e r k i s n v e d e a y t e s h r o e r a t d t i i n m e s e , s the enemy. andimm t s h o e r r t to attack it without hesitation ; nothing is so easily de feated as a sortie, if charged without delay. After the repulse of any sortie, the guard will return under cover as soon as possible, and resume their Nort)lk. L.& N.W.. Midhl. Stekton Darlingt. E. Count , fin [Do N .W &Ln kYk Do Gt North n thlncash it\ Yorksh. NiClear. itockt. & Darlingt , ;tlVe.sth position. All working parties and guards will be composed u entire regiments, or parts, and not of detachments ; made up of different corps. POSITION OF THE ALLIES BEFORE SEBASTOPOL. —.— The Duke of Cambridge's division, consisting of the Guards and Highland Brigade, remained in the rear of the army near Balaklava until the 2d of October, in order to cover the base of operations from the possibility of an attack. Meanwhile, the roads and tracks through the hilly country south of Khutor Mackenzie, by which the allied armies made their flank march on Balaklava, have been broken up and put into a state of defence by the British forces. The right flank of the army is effectually coveted by the defile leading into the valley of the Tehernaya by that stream, and by the marshy ground about it ; and so satisfied was Lord Laglan on the Ist of October of the strength of this position, that he caused the First Division to advance to the right of the army, and to take up the position it will occupy during the siege. The Valley of Inkerman is a deep ravine about one mile in breadth, formed by the stream of the Tcher naya before it falls into the western extremity of Se bastopol harbour ; this valley is, in fact, the continua tion of the deep inlet by which the harbour itself is formed. On the eastern side of this valley the ruins of Inkerman still retain traces of the fortifications erected by the Greeks or the Genoese on this position ; and, for the defence of Sebastopol against an attack by land, these heights ought to have been crowned with strong batteries, which would have rendered the place almost impregnable, since they would have en filaded the whole position now occupied by the be sieging armies. This precaution appears, however, to have been neglected. Along the course of the valley, and parallel with the stream of the Tehernaya, runs the aqueduct which supplies the docks and part of the town with fresh wilter ; and so abruptly do the rocks rice over the ravine on the western side, that, on turning towards the harbour, this aqueduct is carried through a tunnel in the freestone rock 300 yards in length. Rather more than a mile to the south of this tunnel, and upon a height which rises almost perpendicularly above the valley, the First Division of the British army has taken up its position. It forms, therefore, the extreme right of the whole allied forces, and it is protected by a steep wall of rock, which is inaccessible to the enemy. We presume that the ground thus occupied is beyond the range of any guns which the Russians might be able to mount on the opposite side of the valley, which is still for the present in their possession. The French army occupies the left of our position, and extends to the coast immediately south of Sebastopol, where the deep and navigable bays offer the greatest facilities for landing the siege-train and the stores of our allies ; some delay has nevertheless taken place in this operation. On the 3d no regular attack had begun on any part of the place,. but the booming of heavy guns from the forts of Sebas topol sounded like the prelude to the tremendous strug gle which was about to commence, and showed that the enemy were resolved and prepared to offer a stren uous defence of the place on every side. MARKET NE WB-(THIS DAY.) CORN EXCHANGE. GENERAL AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH CORN For the week ended Oct. 19,1854, made up from the Returns of the In,pectors in the different Cities and Towns iu England and iVale per Imperial Quarter. PEAS. WHEAT. i BARLEY. OATS. 1 RYE. BEANS. 1 573 01 30s 6d t 25s 41 i 34s 8d i 41s 4.1 1 39s v. THE SIX WEEKS' AVERAGE. WHEAT. , PARLEY. OATS. RYE. I BEANS. t PEAS. 553 ed i 29s 91 253 8d 35s 61 44s 4d f 37 s 81 i is Od Is 01 DUTIES ON FOREIGN CORI• 4. WHEAT. BARLEY , I OATS. I RYE , Is 01 I is 01 is Od is 01 QUANTITIES OF GRAIN SOLD LAST W EEK ' Wheat, 151,870; Barley, 35,618; Oats, 15 483 • Rye 7 , , , 10 ; Deans, 1 BEAlcs. I nes. 4,577; I'eas,'l,3l4 - Quarters. MEAT MARKETS. NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL.—About an average bus ness was transacted, as follows :—Beef, from 3s 2d to 45 4d; Mutton, 3s 4d to 4s 6d • Veal, 33 to 4s 4(1 ; Pork, 3s 6d to 5s 2d per Bibs , by the carcase. SOUTHALL, Oct. 18.—Although the busines s doing to day was seasonably extensive, no advance can be noticed in prices. Beef, from 3s Gd to 4s 8d ; Mutton, 3s 6d to • we ell supported. ROMFORD, Oct. 18.—Our m ar k e t i s s teady, and the quo tationsupported. Beef, from 4s 10,1 ; Veal, 3s 4d to 4s 4d ; Pork, 3s 8d to 4s id per 81b, t o s sink t a h r Mutton, 3s Gd to 5s Od ; Veal, 3 s 4d t o 48 3 2 8 (1 to 4s 8d per 81bs. Quarter old St ore Pigs, 21s to 27s each. d r t o o rk 4 , B 31s0d4d; SMITHFIELD.—Meadow h a y, 4/ 10s ; 3/ Os to HAY MARKETS. ditto, 4! Os to 6/ ; and straw, 1/ 53 to 1 1 12s p er load. Trado steady. CUMBERLAND.—Meadow hay, 3/ Os to 4 / 12 s; clover ditto, 410 s to 5/ 15r ; and straw, 1/ 64 to 11 14s p er load. A. moderate supply and a f a i r d eman d. WHITECHAPRL.—Meadow hay, 3! Os to 4 / 105; clover ditto, 4/ Os to Gi O s ; an d s t raw , 11 53 to 1! per load. clover Trade tolerably firm. LLOYD'S SHIPPING-(THIS DAY, LONDON, Oct. 19.—Wind this day at Noon , W. ; mo derate breeze, and fine, clear, dry weather. The Mercury has risen again. Ra.mscwrs, Oct. B.—Wind, N.W. Arrived—Wil liam and Ann, from Shields, with foreyard carried away, and having parted from anchor and chain (since landed) ; Scarell, from Poole, fer Hull, with main-sheet blocks car ried away. PORTSMOUTH, Oct. 18.—Wind, N.W. Arrived—Jose phine, from Manilla ; Alice Thompson, Matanzas ; Wat son, Bt. Mary's, for Newcastle ; Sparrowhawk, Baltic ; Sir R. Peel, for New York. PLYMOUTH, Oct. 18.—Wind, N.N.E. Arrived—Jose phine, from London, for New Zealand. FALMOUTH, Oct. 18.—Wind, N.B. Sailed—Talbot, for Seville ; Secret, Liverpool. SoIITHAMPTON, Oct. 18.—Wind, N.E. Sailed—British Empire, for Geelong. COWES, Oct 18.—Wind, N. Arrived—Arrow, from Rio Janeiro ; Emil, do., both for Hamburgh. sailed — George Law, for Amsterdam. POOLE, Oct. 18.—Wind, E.N.E. Sailed—Lord Nelson, for Leghsrn. BRISTOL, Oct. 18.—Wind, N.E. Arrived—Jacoba Geziena, tram Rotterdam. Sailed—The Gitana, for St. Michael's. SUNDERLAND, Oct. 18.—Wind, N.N.E. Arrived— Rugia, from Quebec ; Robert and Ann, Honfleur • Louisa, St. Valery ; Premium, Amsterdam; Adeline, Ste ttin. SHIELDS, Oct. 18.—Wind, N.N.E. Arrived—Minden, from Quebec ; Christian Cecilia, Copenhagen ; Muriden, Grimstad. HARTLEPOOL, Oct. 18.—Wind, N.B. Arrived—Gala tea, from Treport ; Helena, St. Yeast. The Corsair (ship), from Hull ; the Plato (barque), of London ; Earl of Hope, town, of Aberdeen ; the Essex, of London ; and the Dept ford, of South Shields, have driven from their anchors; and now lie stranded on the b each, near this place ; and a I schooner is on shore on the Snook End, Seaton Carew. ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.—A grand enter tainment, under the auspices of the Earl of Shaftesbury, is to be given this evening at the above institution, for the purpose of assisting in the good work of those who are now actively engaged in raising a fundfor the wives a nd families of the soldiers, sailors, and res who may fall in the present war. As the entire proceeds of the evening are to be devoted to this laudable object, the occasion is certainly one which calls for a large amount of wyrapathy and auppon :l ~ _ Paid.' IthaLwArs. all Reqforrl and Bletchley 1.00 Bucitgliarnsh. 100 Clydesdale Jc. WO rL, Lincoln gr. 6 per cent. all Glas. Barr. & Neils. Direct, all Do. New ' all Gllstr.&Dn.Fr . all flrtipl. Dk. & Railway all & Selby all Do. 6 Shares. ' all Do. 4, Shares. f all Lon.e.,Greenw, all .)o.Preference! all L0n.,Ti1.,&5.1 . 100 Lowestoft gr.l 4 per cent. tOO Do. 6 per ct. A all lianch. Bxtu.• and Matlock all .liibliesbro' Redear ...... all Nlhild.Bradfa 11 Northern an,:t Eastern sp. c. all Do. 6 per ct. ' all Do. Fixals p i all most. Wyre all Do. sharcs. 100 Roystn.Lllit.' 184 Siief.Roth.x - o Goole g. 5 P.C. W, S. Sta ilord3b. a ll Wear Van eygi B per cont... all Do 100 ffilts&Sonirs. 9:i - 100 99 - 101 136 - 138 ii : 29 fOl - 103 51 - 52 25 -25 i 13 - 136 23 -`.?4 na ni 2i - 2i iii - 7 - Oi 53 - 60 fie = 139 ii isd' 30 ... - 3i. 93 - 95 PREFERENCE SHARES. 100 Aberdeen WO /Do. N 0.2, 7 p. c 30 Blyth and Tyne 10 per c. pref. (issd. at 500 100 Bris.Sz, Ex. 4p. c. St., 5 Do. 4 p. c. Shares 100 Caledonian £lO all Chester & Holyhead Guar. 54 per cent._ all Do. do. Pref. No. 2 all Do. do. Pref. No. 2 all Cork &Bandonsip.e. all Dundee Perth &Aber- St. 20 St. 15 deep Junction all EastAuglia.n (X3los) 6 per cent ail Do. (£5) 7 per cent 2 Do. (£7 17s) 7p. c all Eastern Counties Ex tension, 5 p. c. No. 1 all Do. No. 2 all Do. New 6 p. c. Si. all Eastern Union, Serii Guar. 8 per cent all Do. 51., 10 per cent, all Do. 101. Def)entr.Sll. all Do. do. 4 per cent... 100 East Lancosh.6 p. cts. all East and West York shire June. Fifths all Eclinb Frth. &Dund,, 4 per cent. .00 Glasgow &S.Westeru Guar. 5 per cent A Great Northu. sp. c :00 Do. sp. c. Redeem., at 10 p. c. prem. LOO Do. 4i p. c 8A C,t.N. of Scot. Ist Pref all Ct. Soutlin.&Westra. (Ireland) Eighths) 7 Do. 4 per c. Pref. St. 6 Gt. Westu. (Berks & Hants Ex. 5 p. c) 100 Do. coia. red. Ai p.e. 100 Do. con. red. 4p. c. 100 D. irred. 4 p .c. all Do. Birm. Pref. WI-. all Do. Chester Bp. s.r.S. all De. do. p. c. do_ 100 Do. Birra. Gua. Stlt all Dc Ches. Gua. all Do. do. d 0............ all Do. de. d• ...... ......, 6 Lan. &York. F. £2O! 100 Do. 6 p. c. Stock ...I 100 London and Brighteri , Guaranteed 5 p. • ~.! 100 Do. Pref., sp. c. St. 100 Do. New Guar.6 p. c. 1.00 Lon.&N. W., Cot. N'uneaton 5 p. ct. 5 London &S. Westen. Con. Thirds all Londonderry& Coler Shares . 5 - tll Lon df. & Ennis. Sh. all )lan., Shef., & Lin., Shares, No. 1. ..,, all Do, New, £lO Do. all 4hrypt,B , ,Carl.4p c all Do. 4i per cent Do .o'7 Aid. Consol.6 p.c.St. . .00 .)o. Cousol. Bristol & Birm. 6 per cent 1: 11E Dn. Pref. 1 per cent 10 Norfolk Debenture 100 Do. Prof. 4p. c. Stool , 100 Do. sp. c. Ext 1 100 Do. 5i per et . pref.._ 100 Do. Way. Val. 5 p.c 1100 'forth British to() N.T. E. Porw, 4 p.c. P 5 Do. do. de 13 Do. Leeds 6 p.c. No.l 9 Do. do. Quarters '4S 10 Ds Yorkii k ... Pn r. zu all North Staffordshire St. 100 Oxford, Worcester, & Wolverh.£ls, 6 p.c. 8 all `cot. Cent. ,Now Peel 10 10 Do. 5 per cent 25 all South Devon 10 1i De. fixed, 411 per cent L. 0.6 all S. Eastern ng Ann.) of £1 Os.(Readi 6d. St. 100 Do. 44 pet cent 20 all S. Yorksh.4p.c.Guar 20 all S Wales Gus. 4p. c 20 16 Do. de. 4i p. c.... 25 all Stockton and Dar lington, 4 per cent 25 5 Do. do. do. 12,. all Stockton and Hartle pool, guar. 5 p. c.' till Ist July, 1856, 61 4 Watorsl.&Kilk .6p.c. 1 all 1 all 10s. all 20 6 1 all 1 all 1 all in 1 all 50 all 20 13.5 35 24 301 all 20 1 11 a 40 all 5 1 St. all 25 all 5 I all 20 all 1 all 3t all 1 all 3 all 1 all 10 9 1 all 1 all 1 all 20 all 5 1 1 all 50 all 15 all 30 Ili 1 all 281 all 1 all 1 all 1 12s. ia = 98 4 - 6 - P i- 1 p i- 1 p 13 -1311 22 - 24 ...Xal - 116 107 - 109 99 - 101 98 - 90 - 93 - 10 - 166 - 100 92 95 11 17A 10i 10t 71 - 73 181 - 19 gi - 9 i 14 - 1 d 1137 139 . •••• •• • . '..... ... . "." 1.« . .....' ••• 2h - 3 p r s 10 - 12 111 - 11 - iP 37 - 139 - - LOl - 92 - 94 31 - 3 1 - 112 - is 99 - 14 par ... - • 1 I an 25 1 1: 20 I , 60 59i I IS, 551 6 70i 1 71} 701 2i 4,8 6, 6; 2 . * 69i 811 1 fit' I St. 10 34 4 6, 144 55 aid 14i ol xd I 50 die 20 1 12. 25 MINES. Agua Fria .. Angl• Austrin. Gold Ang,lo Californian Australian . Australian Cordillera Australian Freehold Ave Maria Baden (Gd. Duchy of) Bla3narvon Iron and Coal .. British Iron Brazil ianlmp. (issued 1 at £.5 pm Do. Cocaes & Culada Do. St. John Delßey Carsons's Creek Clarendon Cons. Mix Co. of Jamaica '1 Cobre Copper Colonial Gold Copper Min. of Eng , Do. Pref. 7} p. cent 1 1 Copiapo . English and Austin.' Copper Smeltg 'o Fortuna Genera 1.............. ... Gt.NuggetVoiußeg. I, Great Polgooth Liberty ............• - 1 Linares. Mariquita ........ .•• • NlCXleall&S.Am ericzi New Granada ..... : New Linares Mining, and Smelting C 0.... ,, N ouvea u Monde ...... Pontgiband Silver Load Min. & Smelt. Port Philip ............ Quartz Rock Rhymney Iron Do. New Santiago de Cuba South Australian Tin Croft ........• United Mexican Waller .... West Mariposa Wortking Mining o! Australia Yuba AIISCEL- Xubin Coal and Iran 7 .lustralian Agricult. 6 Australsn.rei fie. Mail ill A.ustraln. Royal Mail 5 Berlin Water Works 40 Brit. American Land 1 Brit. di Coln. Smoltg. and Reduction Co. 32' Canada................ Canada Gov. 6 p. ct , Jan. and Ju1y........ 11 Crystal Pa1ace........ 11 Crystal Pal. of Franoel ' 5 Eastern Steam ........ ElectricTelcgrapli(A) dl Electric Teleg. of Ir., 14 Goa. Steam Navigat. in General Screw Stea 10 Irish Beetroot Suga lo • )riagclalena St. Navig. 31 Aediteran. Elea. Tel., al Nat. Pat. Stearn Fuel 5 Netherlands Land.... 1 N. S. W. Coal & Inter. Steam Navigat. Co.' dl N. B. Australasian._ Nrth.ofEuropcSteani'l 31 - Peel Rr. 14.8 a Minrl. Poll i ns ular it Oriental Do. Do. .11 Portland Iron Co ;0 Royal Idail Steam 11 Scot. Austral. Invest. 11 '-!ontb Anstr,l.Land 11 Submar. Telegraph 1 Do. Registered. Yll3l Diemou'o laud 1. 1 25 21 1 a] 15 I 20 Al 20 1 10 al 1 al 1 A' 20 1' al 5 0 I L! 100 1 6! ! : 7al i - 1 1 4 -- 11 - I - it ii = ii - 20 ••• - •• 42 -•41 12 - 17 2 - 4P 13 - 15 1/ - - i =- - i ••• ... 9i s 1 —6l I I i ... ••• - I 14 - 16 23 - 24 = 8 6 Si I - - S $ - Si Ai •” ".''... ... '"'' .•• - ...._•• 40 - 12 . ... ••• 6 . .=-. 7© qg. -103 - 1091 - 3 1101 lO% 21 1 S ii - li . ""''' ... .. -1!. - ••• .." .' - ._-1 2 - 23 .•• -- ••• 2 2i 1 2 35 - 37 i 1 i 1 Ute =l3 1d 1 pm THE PATRIOTIC FUND. ST. PANCRAS.—Yesterday a meeting of the local authorities of St. Pancras was held in the Court-house, King's-road, Camden-town. Mr. Ferrer, churchwarden, took the chair. A committee was appointed, and up. wards of twenty-five guinea& were collected. TLe church wardens are the treasurers. LIVERPOOL, Wednesday.--A meeting was held to day at the Town-hall, of the magistrates and the gentle men forming the local committee for raising subscriptions in aid of the wives and children of the soldiers serving in the army in the East, the object being to consider what steps should be taken to operate in regard to the Patriotic Fund. The Mayor presided, and after some conversation it was resolved to hold a public meeting on the subject shortly. The captain, superintendent, officers, clerks, foremen, artificers, hoymen, and labourers of the Royal William Victualling-yard, Stonehouse, have subscribed a day's pay to the above fund. At the muster of the Royal William, 120, ordinary guardship, in Llamoaze, on Tues day, Captain Kingcouhe, the officers, and crew, unani mously volunteered a day's pay each to the fund for the relief of the widows and orphans of the soldiers, seamen, and marines, sufferers by the present war. A letter was received on board her Majesty's ship Waterloo, at Sheerness, on Monday last, from Captain Lord Frederick Kerr, in command of that ship as flag captain, suggesting to Cornmant;er Marsh that he should be happy to head a list of subscriptions for the relief of the widows and orphans of the brave soldiers who fell at the battle of the Alma. The letter was read before the officers and leen at inspection the same morning, with a request that an answer might be given the com mander by noon that day. In a very few minutes, and before the men left divisions, it was unanimously agreed to contribute one day's pay towards their relief. This was done in a most cheerful manner by every officer, man, and boy ; and we hope that many other ships fallow the example of Captain Lord Frederick Kerr, his officers, and TEE TBEATRES. PRINCESS'S.—Last evening Mr. Charles Kean made his first appearance this season as Dubose and Lesurgues, in Mr. Reade's excellent adaptation of that ingeniously constructed and highly interes metting drama, called The Courier of Lyons, when he with an ex traordinary enthusiastic reception, consisting of upwards of four hearty rounds of applause. The liberality and taste displayed by Mr. Charles Kean, as manager of the Princess's Theatre, no less than his generally acknow ledged merits as an actor, fully justified this great de monstration, and we were happy to find his honourable efforts in connection with creative an Thed executi house wve dras a matic art so fully appreciated. crowded. ST. JAVIES'S.—A. new ballet, with dialogue and dramatic action, was produced at the above theatre last evening, its title being The Spanish, Dancers. The author's aim apparently was to show that English (lancers are in every respect as good as those of Spain. Miss Lydia Thompson came forward to vindicate the honour of British limbs, and proved to a demonstration that they are as supple—that they can move as nimbly, vigorously, and gracefully as those of their celebrated Southern contenaporaries—and was triumphantly suc cessful. The fair artiste, of course, could not make sense out of nonsense, but she put such life and mettle into her feet as roused the euthusiasm of the spectators to the highest pitch. Miss Lydia Thompson was encored in every pas, and was unanimously ca lled for at the term i na tion of the ballet. HITILLIMET.—A.t this popular establishment, last night, after Poole's comedy of Paul Pry, in which Mr. Wright sustained the chief character in the best manner, Senora Nena Perea, the real original Spanish dancer, whose extraordin ar y attraction was, we believe,the ehief cause of the Haymarket Theatre d being kephe p in n during the recent " dull season," reappeare t ballet divertissement called The Star of Ancialusia, and again met with the same brilliant success which had previously attended her career in this country. Senora Nena, who was greatly applauded from first to last, enchored in her principal steps, and called for twice in the course of the evening, was, as formerly, ably sup ported by her twelve coryph(Ses and an efficiont corps de ballet. TILE ;SIEGE OF SEBASTOPOL, JOURNAL OF AN EYE-WITNESS. This morning ( Wednesday, Sept. 27) the sky was covered with clenla, nee a e.ael drizzling rain warned us of the far advance of the aeas'-n, and the evil clays thet are in store for us, if VI- ;loge operations against Sebastopol are not carried on with the utmost despatch, or if (which God for bid) want of energy and vacillation should interfere with their success. The change in the weather was a warning, and only a was ning, for as the day . advanced the grey clouds drifted away, and the sun shone out with all his usual warmth and splendour. In Katcha Bay we lay side by side with another ship loaded with engineers' stores. At one o'clock p.m. this day a steamer came down with the admiral's orders to take us in tow and help us on to Balaklava Bay. We were among the first vessels that left Katcha Bay. Taken in tow according to orders, as we rounded the headland we hoard a violent cannonade, and standing out about five miles from the coast we had a good and long view of the ships engaged in it. We found they were three of our steamers, evidently on duty off the harbour of Sebastopol. One of them, a very smelt filet vessel, bad gone close in shore, evelently for the purpose of worrying the Russians in Fort Constentine. So beautifully did that small steamer succeed in her object, that gun after gun was fired from tlse fort (of which we just saw the bomb-proof roofs), and shell after shell, accompanied by long streaks of white smoke, rose up into the air and fell into the is titer, some times close to the steamer and sometimes a good distance off. But the distance matters little in these cases, for miss a foot or miss a mile" it conies all to the same thing. The small steamer—one of the smallest of the fleet—kept moving about, and playee ou the water Else a trout. Whenever the Russians seemed tired of the gaete she came a little closer in and gavo them one of her guns, which guns seemed ridiculously light in opposition to the heavy metal of the Russians. Still she had her range, if the " Moecovs" had not, for one of her shell: alighted on the roof of ono of the buildings in Fort Constantine, as we could plainly see from the enormous cloud of dust and smoke it raised when it fell. The two other steamers--very heavy ones—wore running close in shore, but nearer Sebastopol, and out of range of F ort Constantine. It struck sue that they watched the play of the small steamer, for the purpose, perhaps, of noting the position and capabilities of the Fort Con stantine batteries. Passing further on we came abreast the two entrances to the Sebastopol harbour, and had a good view of the town and forts. The fortifications cer tainly look formidable, but in looking at them, I could not help recollecting that all the Czar's buildings and ar maments show a good lace, no matter how rotten they may be at the core. From all reports I have been able to collect from Prussian military engineers, who had the privilege of expelling Sebastopol, I have come to the con clusion that the fortress, though strong, is not near so strong as is generally believed, or as its appearance would cause one to believe. It is true that the four-storied bat tery houses and round towers look exceeding formidable. They certainly made that impression on some of our en gineer officers, who, like myself, are on the sick-list, and who for that reason have for some time past been my com panions on board this transport. But in looking at these formidable battery-houses and round towers, I teifild not forget that they are built of granite. The worthlessness of granite for the purposes of fortification has years ago been demonstrated by practical breaching experiments, made in various continental countries, and the results of those experiments have within the memory, and to the conviction of every one, been confirmed by the practical breaching experiments at the round tower of Bomarsund. Besides, the Prussian engineers whom I mentioned above (men of high standing and authority in their profession) found fault with the avant of ventilation in the small vaulted chambers in which the guns stand, and they assert that after ten minutes' firing the gun ners must either leave the guns or die from their own smoke. Some of the batteries, too, are so badly built that they are in danger of destruction from the concussion of their own guns, without any material assistance from the guns of en enemy. I recollected all these statements as we passed the frowning tower and ominous looking em brasures of Sebastopol, and came to the conclusion that it is a pity Admiral Duudas did not send before this some of his heavy armed steamers to try what stuff the renowned Sebastopol batteries are made of. However, it will be found out in good time, and that " good time" is coming. Further on the south of Sebastopol we were towed along an iron-bound coast, but one which in wild and romantic beauty and grandeur of features surpasses any thing I have yet seen of the shores of the Black Sea. We passed along that coast at the most favourable hour- -near to sunset, when the west was flaming red. The rocks, in the first instance of grey sandstone, and further on of sandstone ruddy with a mixture of iron, looked as if an angry sea had carved them out of the face of the land. Here, too, for the first time, I saw the Black Sea really and truly black, and though there was no wind, and in deed no apparent commotion of the water, the ground swell was as strong as it is in other waters after a violent storm. Just before us rose a high promontory—Cape Ajah—on which the clouds breaking, descended in sheets of white mist. To complete the picture, the setting sun formed a rainbow in the breaking and descending clouds ; and on our right, in the blue, clear sky, rose the pale, silvery crescent. I never beheld a scene at once so for midable, so grand, and so lovely. The shock of the waves against that coast must be tremendous on anything like " a foul night," and that coast must be merciless to the shipwrecked mariner, who for miles finds not an inch of ground to cling to for safety. Nothing but the steep perpendicular rock, with its sharp edges and jagged pro montories. The scene seemed too grand and wild for the settlement of human beings, even on shore, and nothing could exceed our astonishment than the sight of a town of pretty considerable dimensions on the top of the cliff. There was a church and a barrack, a great many large stone buildings anti neat country houses hanging on the crags as they descend to the brink of the cliff. As we came abreast of the town a French steamer overtook us, and ono of our own war steamers driving up out of Balaklava Bay went past us on her way back to the fleet. The passing and repassirig of the ships seemed to interest the town quite as much as its sudden appearance on the cliff interested us. Crowds of people thronged a sort of large square in the middle of the town, from which, no doubt, they had as good a view of the offing as we in the offing had of them. A little further on we found that Cape .Ajah, against the rocky aisles of which we were steering, formed part of the outer harbour or roadstead of Balaklava. We did not see the inner harbour, for it is email, and holds hardly three vessels, and as some of our ships had already got in , i t w ill be our fate to knock about until we can procure admittance. There can be no idea of anchoring, fur the deep sea lead shows above 45 fathoms of water, and that, too, not half a mile from the shore. What we see of the land beyond the inner harbour of Balaklava is very pretty—a steep moun tain gorge, with two enormous rocks, like steeples, rising up from the midst of it. The higher and larger of these rocks is as nature made it, but the lesser one has been cut and fashioned into a small fortress, and bears on its sum mit a castellated mansion, which, with the water and rock scenery, reminds one of the feudal castles on the banks of the Rhine. OFF BALASLAVA, Sept. 28.—The wind freshened after sunset last night, and by 10 p.m. it blew a breeze. Our position near the rocks became a post of danger, and our faithful guardian, the steamer, came up at 11 a.m. and took us about five and twenty miles out to sea. We knocked about all night with a stiff breeze, and a pretty consider able swell, and in the morning we set sail and again stood in for Balaklava. BILAKLIVA BIT, Sept. 29.—Taken in tow again we soon neared the iron-bound coast of Balaklava and the frowning Cape of Ajah, and again had ample leisure to admire the savage grandeur of the spot. We found a good many vessels, French and English, in the roadstead, most of them anchoring under and sheltered by Cape Ajah. Our orders were to enter the harbour—not an easy task, to judge from the time it took us to get in. For though we arrived in the roads at 3 p.m., yet it was sunset before we dropped our anchor along side—not a couple of vessels, as we had been led to believe the harbour could hold, but a dozen of steamers and transports, as well as the Aga memnon and Arethusa, ranged within leap almost from the shore, with plenty of room for a couple of dozens of other vessels. Narrow as the bay is, its depth must be tremendous. - We also found that the ruined castle of which we obtained a sight on Wednesday night, crowns the top of the hills fronting the harbour, of which it must have been a formidable defence in the days of bills and crossbows. The ruins, such as they are, show that the castle was constructed according to the most approved rules of military engineering as practised in the middle ages ; there are round towers with loopholes of admirable construction, and there are still the foundationsof a square tower remaining, which shows that the mixed system of round and square towers, so prevalent in the mediaeval fortresses on the Rhine, obtained also in the strongholds of the Crimea. The towers, round and square, presup pose the existence of corresponding towers on the hilltop and these connected by high walls, must have formed the donjon. Half way down the hill, are the remains of other towers and walls, showing plainly that the works were of some magnitude, and that the fortress, such as it was, had two distinct lines of defence. As Balaklava Bay bears a striking resemblance to Sebastopol harbour, it being in many points a miniature copy of that formid able port, it struck me that I looked upon the ruins of the old castle with the same feelings with which Macau lay's Now Zealander will one day examine the remains of the round towers and battery palaces of Sebastopol. As we entered, an English sentry was walking in front of the round tower on the highest bill, and small parties of Zouaves sat on the ledges of rocks enjoying the marine view, and watching the nets which they—passionate fisherman—had spread in the water beneath them. In the village, nestling as it were iu the bosom of the rocks, Zouaves were mixed up . with our own Highlanders, rifles, and men of the line. Sappers and artillerymen crowded round the doer of ono of the houses—evidently one of the quarters of their officers. Fires were burning on shore, for the evening was fresh and even cold , a nd we who shivered on the poop of our vessel in spite of greatcoats and islands, longed to stand by those fires and have a good warm. I afterwards learned, that while we admired the fires, we had not the least idea of the expense at which they were raised. Firewood, as one may suppose from the description of the locality, is scarce at Balaklava, and fuel is got some how and any how, usually from wrong places and by wrong means. A night or two ago, I understand , a party of Zouaves stole the doors of the engineer officers' quarters, burnt them on the beach, and cooked their rations thereby. But still the fires looked jolly and com fortable, and the village with the rows of fires in front, end a green tree here and there, bad a comfortable e s pleasant appearance. A. troop of about twenty Russian e prisoners, escorted by a de tachment of Zouaves entered down from the hill, and after mustering on shore a lugger boat, and were rowed off to a Frei,ech.rttryonfsenrosrgte. The Russians, in their long grey coats i I d caps, looked dreadfully seedy and unsod andcomfortablekpeerbfusettilny allut peace with themselves and all the i world. and e armylearnt had I had a short run on shore is n a ti v e r a e u r e n e i f n that the head-quarters moving i and on en shot and shell from a Rue reached Balaklava village about two days ago, teriug were saluted with round 600 soldiers hero, and they had, eian battery, established for the pretaction of the bay, The Russians had abou t t e Ida inhabitents of the village, moreover, armed all them t o fight for the Czar. Besides the and compelled battery at the waterside, of which we saw the remains, they had three mortars on the hill top, next to the round Wh a t the intention s of the Russia ns can have t o wer. been I cannot understand, for they were evidently caught in a trap, and as our troops poured in over the naountaius and our steamers entering the bay, began to belabour the battery, they had nothing to do but to give in, and almost all (except a few who managed to escape over the hills) were captured. The wretched male inhabitants of Bala klava being caught with arms in their hands were, of course, considered to be prisoners of war, but I under stand they are on the eve of their liberation. I understand that Lord Raglan and the staff stood the fire with great coolness. Indeed, the Commander of the army behaved as gallantly as any colonel of a marching regiment, and there can be no doubt, if opportunity offered, his lordship would be an excellent sabreur. Another item of intelligence which rolkoltod me on my arrival was that the army had been two days on their march from Katcha Bay, and that on the march they had 40J men dead of dysentery .and cholera.. On thy. same • road, and within the same time, the French lost about 1,000 men. The cholera is not likely to diminish lathe camp about Balaklava and Sebastopol, for there is an abundance of grapes and' other e fruit, and. in Balaklara itself, the presence of troopS, though so recent, has already prod -ed. filth and garbage to a frightful extent. Nothing could 1 easier than to step the disgraceful practices which lead t , `hi. dangerous state of things, but while ovary one . compleins no oue seems lo think of the obVious remedy. Let us hope that the operations against Sebastopol may be speedy and successful, for to hold the field at this sea son, and under present circumstances, when each day claims its victims, must finally thin our ranks beyond the proportion of our reinforcetueiats, and materially impair the efficiency of our operatione'. They had p l e nty of news from Sebastopol at head-quar ters. That n ews is in every respect favourable to our pro gress. The greate st consternstiou prevails in the fortress. The tower attacked, tta ill p r ovided with water, and, as the French cked, blew up, sind burnt the-vs-arks of the aqueduct, the garrison hill have to live on short ceitinons as regards drink. Though itueeieu officers are notorious for drinking large quantities of champagne, and Russian soldiers have obtained no less wideespread and equivocal reputation for drinking brandy, yet we have to learn that either can do without water. Our troops have taken a number of arabas go d ing in ceror coaling out of Sebastopol, with s t o res, luggage, an offis' traps. In each of these grebes were found packs of cards, which shows thei, the Russian army; especially the officers, still adhere to their gambling propensities. Yesterday twenty siege gnus were landed at ffidallave, and, as the whole number of siege guns to be landed is one hundred, we may, if the necees. , .ry works are at once com menced, open our fire within eight days from this. THE SIEGE. lIEAD-QUARTEnS AT BALAKLAVA, Sept. 3).--The two armies, which have for the last fewalass been camping on the heights ant' the plateau of Balaklava, marched this morn ing to take up their various positions around Sebastopol. 800 marines from the fleet were also landed and joined the troops. Our f orce , such as it is, cannot be expected to surround the fortress on all sides, and under the best cir cumstances it is to be feared that the Russians will always have a line of retreat. This, however, cannot be helped, for from intelligence which has reached head-quarters, it is known that after the battle of Alma the Russian forces divided on their retreat, and that while the smaller corps entered Sebastopol, a larger corps—about 19,000 men— inh y a r 3 c , h oo e 01 man, inland t to ha t l3 h a k e t v c e h r e n S t e e r r a e i theTheser being by re i n w f a o y r c of Pericop, and by the garrisons of Sinipheropol and other places, amounting to 3,0,0, perhaps, form an army of 25,000 men, line and Cossacks, who are operating in our rear, and who have for the last nights past signalised their presence by setting fire to distant villages, and by coming in small parties down upon our outposts, whom they keep in a state of perpetual excitement. Ilardly a night passes without one or two alarms. It is true that these 25,000 Russians are no match for even one-half of the British army, but their presence in our rear would make an ex tended position one of groat risk and danger- —Nor, from all the reports of officers who have been ut reconixiitring the fortress, does it appear ne cessary - to-conduct the ope rations Rith all the pomp, pride, and circumstances of a regular siege, according to the mos t a pp roved rules of military engineering. The land-defences of Sebastopol do mot justify, the time granted us is too short, and the nature of the soil does not permit the tracing out a plan of the fortress and its works iu the fields around and construct. tug there, within gunshot, an exact facsimile in trenches. For once the Peninsular experience, which has been our bane throoghout this campaign, is likely to serve some useful purpose, and the accelerated siege, as practised by our troops in Spain, is what has been proposed for the re duction of Sebastopol. We are going to establish breach ing batteries, and work them until a way is cleared for the advance of our battalions. Then, amidst the roar of the siege guns, the rapid advance of our horse artillery, and its effectual play, the troops must advance to the breach and British courage, determination, and coolness must do the rest. This is a short and imperfect outline of the accelerated sieee in which British troops have never been kaown t b o fail. On those troops we must rely rather than on the generalship of those high in com mand, who, though brave beyond the powers of praise, want that strategical genius and experience which in other captains had to make up for a less amount of mettle in the officers and men. The faults which are committed in almost every department are glaring and ob vious to all but these who commit them. I will enume rate a few which have come to my notice, because they were canvassed by many, on many occasions, and with a considerable degree of acerbity. Since we landed, the cone missari it have just managed to keep the troops from actual starvation, but it is a fact that our invading and victorious army, in one of the richest countries in the world, and continually accompanied by the fleet, our chief depot, has fared worse and suffered more than many a beaten army that I know of suffered on its retreat. The commissariat have managed to get sheep and bullocks, because there was no evading getting them, as whole herds covered the hills wherever we came. The troops had biscuit rations, too, for their rations were, somehow or other, taken out of the commissariat transports. But up to the present, with cholera and dysentery raging among the troops, the commissariat have not been able to manage the giving the officers and men salt to cook their rations with. Now salt, as it is most necessary, so -it is also an article most easy of distribution, since, comparatively speaking, bit small quantities are wanted. I speak plainly, and say that I consider the continued withholding of salt as an in stance of gross neglect that the heads of the victualling de partment could be guilty of. And this, too, after all their railings at the correspondents of the papers, and their ac counts of sickness and starvation in the British camp ! have now to detail some very strange mismanagement which occurred in the placing of one of the divisions. I will not name the commander of the division, but if any one should dare to contradict me, I am prep aredto publish the name of that commander with ull the honours. The case is this : When the divisions were led to their various po sitions round Sebastopol, one of the commanders fixed the camping-ground of his corps actually within shelling range of the Russian batteries. Ho also ordered the powder magazine to be established within range of the Roeeieii shells, and there the magazine would have been , established had not reports been sent off to General Bur goyne—the redresser of all blunders that admit of cure — and he got the magazine at least to a Rafe distance. As for the troops, since it is an axiom in military life that agene ral officer can do no wrong, or make himself ridiculous by an unusual display of professional ignorance or individual folly—why the troops must remain where they are and can do no good, and they must cook their victuals and lay down to sleep with Russian bombs coming down among them, to enliven the sameness of the bivouack. It is true Gene ral —'s friends try to excuse him by saying he is not an engineer, and has no business to know anything about the range of heavy artillery. Taking this excuse for what it is worth, and admitting all the weight that can belong to it, I, and others, merely say that uo engineering science, but open eyes and ears, and a moderate modicum of com mon sense, were required to convince the General of the folly he was about to commit; for as the troops marched up the Russians actually did shell them, and thus showed to the conviction of even the dullest understanding what their range was, and where the troops and powder stores should not be. HEAD-QUARTERS, BALAKLAVA, OCT. 2, 11 A.M.-ono word more about the unfortunate division who were doomed to camp within range of the Russian shells. Means have been found to liberate them from their perilous and useless position, though at is considerable sacrifice of marching and countermarching. As the division was too far advanced, the most natural means of correcting this evil would have been to have drawn it back a couple of hundred yards. But so simple and practical a measure would have savoured too much of common sense. It would moreover have been dangerous to the theory of military infallibility. Therefore the division in question was ordered to the other end of our line, a march of about thirteen miles, and the division which occupied the extreme point was marched back, to take the place of the division which was to be got out of the range. Of course the two divisions, after taking their posts in the line, will be careful to encamp at a safe distance, and in this compli cated manner an obvious blunder is rectified (I cannot say corrected) without a dementi to the officer in command. Admire with me with tho n ice and g entlemanly manage ment of such matters in our Eastern army. Sixty siege guns are landed ou their way to the camp. Large quantities of amm unition, too, had been landed. It is not thought that more of our siege guns are to be brought on shore just at preseut, for what with the sixty landed and four heavy guns on Lancaster's principle that have been added to our siege train, we expect we shall do very well, and at all events before we increase our stock of siege engines and battering cannon we wish to see what those already on shore can do for us. Large quantities of fascines and gabions, too, have been landed from the Engi neer's store transports. It was generally expected that the first engineering works—that is to say, the marking out the trenches within gun range and tracing them readyfo. the pickaxe and the spade of the fatigue parties—woula commence last night ; but as the working parties cannot proceed to business without a sufficient number of gabions --to be filled with earth and placed before the men—and as we have riot yet found sufficient means of transport, the commencement of engineering operations has been puthoafft until to-morrow. If we go on at that rate, callri:ht:tBth our first battery will open upon the Russiantlfi y a , tery inst. Under an energetic commander that rat b that o ffi cers transport abounded in the villages round, would at this hour be in full play. I knowthst means of and for sterling their carts, dromedaries, and horse for the Eng • outing speaking the language invited the natives teome out with lisp. The natives expressed their money—paid down " on the nair desireelo English would make a and their readiness to come—if to earn the money, Zen...dragoons, and in fact, surncient excuse, in case lvuenad;goons might havoevbiraoiungglett()of the dominion of the Czar. showgive theof compulsion , peepoor atives ngdois feautta nd horses with willing drivers, if t rr h h e i y i s sah odetachment g serfn is e 4'ra seevice.theßduettaaschtihnegpdr in hundreds badtha n ( b i c r ea e ev , n l a i iir o ny f tohalonburct nature e of our r military n ce of some arran ge ments Io rt of con iltoryd dragoons or of t m b ili e t t a h v o y u m gh i t em o a f .! h service could This is a I trust it will satisfy flagon:Al t, and the people of England of there being very good reasons for our slowness whenever seanea . othertni:. cavalry uo fw n ti e . rt t l Ihietsovhpneloearati commissar iat, hea susuta of app. tiie_i it does a ppear that we are slow. But with all these drawbacks, I have no doubt as to the' result of the attack upon Sebastopol, whenever our artil lery and men are fairly unleashed against it, and British gallantry stands free from the trammels of professional no nsense. All the officers who have reconnoitred Sebasto pol from the laudable, agree that the land fortifications are not very strong, and that breaching batteries and the strong arm of the soldier will make short work of them. Besides, the garrison of Sebastopol must by this time be suffering from want of water, for as there have been no heavy rains for some weeks past, their cisterns cannot con tain any large stores. The breaching and storming plan of the accelerated siege is still uppermost in the minds of the generals, and this morning we were glad to see the first detachment of sailors from the Sansparoil landed on the beach of Balaklava. Our most usef ul storming parties have always consisted of sailors, who are accustomed to do their work on difficult ground, a nd to whom the, clamber ing up a breach or battery is mere child's play. The sailors, with their cutlasses, knives, pistols, and bundles instead of knapsacks, came on shore in great order, but also with great glee. They evidently liked the i d e a of a land march against Sebastopol. divisions were di I should have said that while our d shelling them. cated yesterday the Russians never c . ease the Russian But as our troops marched out of the i r 2 1 Og in e , inquiries artillery did them no harm. and h that have happened cannot hear of any casualties DEVONPORT DOCKTARD.—Mr. Edwards, jun., has b een e stablished as a writer in the D m r ake and Theophilus t asurer's office, 'Vice Peters promoted. Messrs. John Baker, shipw ri g hts, to be extra writers, 1 Y 1 . ri . - 5 - 9 - - 7 L 2 -