The Sun. — London, England, 1863-03-27 00:00:00

f er?'‘;;K) ~% - ;«. c ~~~ A ,• • B said. e girl. ft one le de wrote ,: i.'„ . •'-,!•ts-_,%; • ' , 1111 , '' tir , c • aut. 44) „ ...,,,.., - ,„,4, ' • Pi. 410 I 6 \ .... ''' '''')-, t. % . 1 ... 1 •,- - - AEA,' NF 4 . lii- '' ' ~ . , . . ' ~.,-- .N A t:- ., '''''' - - , :t . . ' ~..••••'" ~'1 - - .:. - J: . :,,,-.=•l -1- ' 2 ;- , Tr.:‘ -I ° - In'- ' ~-' , . - •re ' 1 . , --- ,Tri , ..,.... 1 , fi l . !IL , 7 / : : 7 , ' ' 'iiii o l •AI idzi si i mm i l oo" 7540 C , ~,,, ~ -.,.. ~,,, -- ' ri o t . -,,,,,.. , -,,,,. I •N_ -z7 -- . / ,V+ POLAND. -A COMMITTEE has been formed of the Undersigned for the purpose of RAISING FUNDS in AID of POLAND at the present crisis : The liarquis ToWnshend. "Int Earl of tichester, The Lord Kinnaird, K.T. The Viscount Raynham, M.P. Sir Henry Ainslie Hoare, Bart, Colonel Pinney, M.P. John Abel Smith, Esq., M.P. Edmund Beale& Esq., M.P. William Lloyd Birkbeck, Esq. _ - is was on by , and, at an THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, MARCH 27, 1863 PRICE..... ...4d. STAMPED ....sd. reach impu urge& N°. 22,072. 1, anct alien- I been and it tt the ion Ilk 7oung irged, id, by r than urther LO evi- r were which ry case ad the 3 jury, ie only lunded be tho broken. igned ; of it. lunded it had reason how rson of for the aurder nr la t, at :the ie boy, ;e. In te COP' turned 1 been boyie nan for rdict of , isoner, aimed, is you )U and )cution Is to 32s ;9 to 30s 19 to 26s 9 to 46$ s to 41s s to 39a 3 to 330 to 249 ; to --0 8. a. lesian evvicZ aside, ?,aptain 11, and I to a .--.-.-^'• ----- burgh, on and of the Edin e 46th -parky Lang ,LCars- inneYl hurch, N., to roeug, arruPf , Cap' le, the lgll - sling* Families of Polish I 'atriots. SPECIAL ADVANTAGES. J.P., Lill' Evrs 0. 11 2 a ty 0 , Subscriptions will be received at the Bankers, Messrs. Danbury and Lloyds, 60, Lombard-street, E.C. ; and at the Office of the Literary Association of the Frienth of Poland, 10 , Duke-street, St. James's, S.W. The names of other Bankers will shortly be announced. P OLAND, - FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE FUND. For the Relief of the Sick end Wounded end the Destitute Subscriptions for the above purposes are received by Messrs. anbu:ty and Lloyds. 60, Lombard-street, E.O , and Messrs. Ransom, Houverie, and Co., 1, Pall-mall E , st, S.W. ; and by the Vecretary, 10, t uke-street, St. James's, S.W. ; and it paid into the Florence Nil; tingale Fund for Poland Will, together with £lO already subscribed by Miss Night ingale, be strictly applied to the above purposes by the Com mittee for Raising Funds in Aid of Poland. CLERICAL, MEDICAL. & GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. 13, St. James's-square. London, S.W. Established 1828. FINANCIAL RESULTS OF THE SOCIETY'S OPERATIONS. Tile Annual Income exceeds The Insurance Fund safely Inv steel is over. .£,1330.000 ew Annual Premiums for the last year. . . Bonus added to Policies at the 1 ,at Division ..... Total Claims by death paid £1,731,779 The following are among the distinctive features of the Society : Credit "ystem.—On Policies for the whole of life, one-half of the Annual Premiums during the first five years may re- Inai , on credit and may either continue as a debt on the Policy, or be paid off at any time. Low Rates of Premium for Young Lives, ‘lith early parti cipation in Profits. Invalid Lives may be assured at Premiums proportioned to the increased risk Prompt Settlement of Claims.—Claims paid THIRTY days after proof of death. The Accounts and Balance Sheets are at all times open to the i , .spection of the Assured, or of persons proposing to a.sure. Tables of Rates and Forms of Proposal can be obtained from any of the Society's Agents, or of GEORGE CUTCLIFFE. Actuary and Secretary. 13, St. James's-square, London, S.W. The Reversionary Bonus at the Quinquennial Division in 186 averaged 48 per Cent., and the Cash Bonus 28 per Cent., on the Premiums paid Ili the five years. The next Division of Profits will take place in January, 1867. BRITISH NATION LIFE ASSURANCE OFFICE. MA, Regent-street. ANNUAL INCOME, UPWARDS OF £150,000. COMPARATIVE PROGRESS Of the last three years, and of the current year (e , timated by the months which have already expired, the new business of this Company , lnuependent of its accessions by transfer, stands thus:— Policies Issued. New Annual Income. 1859-60 1860-61 1861-62 1862-63 Total new business in 1 7,571 four years Policies become payable during the lifetime of the assured, Without any increase of premium. Life policies are Indisputable, and not liable to forfeiture by inability to continue the premiums. Life Policies in full force during the days of grace. Annuities are granted on very liberal terms. Full particulars of these valuable and popular features will be found in the prospectus. HENRY LAKE, Manager. T HE PATENT VENTILATING GRANARY COMPANY (Limited.) NO FURTHER APPLICATIONS for SHARES will be RECEIVED after MONDAY, the 30th March, 1863. By order, J. L. SAPPER, Sec., pro tern. 82, King William-street, March 26, 1863. T HE NEW THEATRE COMPANY (Limited). Established under "The Companies Act, 1R62," limiting the liability of the shareholders to the amount subscribed. Capital, £125,000 in 5,000 shares of £25 each, with power to increase. Deposit on application, £1 per share ; and on allotment, X 2 per share. _ It is anticipated that not more than £t2 per share will be re quired to be call.d up. Two months' interval between each call. PATRONS. The Duke of Wellington. The Earl Grosvenor. The Duke of Leinster. The Earl of Hardwi:ke. The Marquis of Donegal. The Earl of Sefton. The Marquis of Normanby. The Earl of Dudley. The Earl of Malmesbury. Sir J. V. Shelley, Bart., M.P. Colonel the Honourable J. Macdonald. DIRECTOR S• H. C. Cobbold. F.sq., 17. New Bridge-street, Blacktriars. J. W. Cusack, Esq., 12, Lancaster-gate, Hyde-park. E. Edwards, Esq., C.E., Adelphi Chambers. Lieut.-Col. Napier Sturt, M.P., 19, Portman-square. Gerard de Witte, Esq., The Greenways, Leamington. RANI/Ens—Messrs. Bans' m, Bouverie, & co., Pal I Mall East. AUDI rOR s — essra. Quilter, Ball, Jay, & Co., 3, Moorgate-st. BROKER —G. B. Rickard, Esq.. 21, Austin-friars. SOLICITORS—Messrs. Kimberley and Pope. 23, Old Broad ... street, city. SECRETARY—Mr. H. J. Montague. Offices-9, Cornh Tse object of this Association is to carry out certain very desirable improvements in the structure of theatres and their internal economy. The new theatres lately erected in Pals at the expense of the French Government have proved suc cessful, not only as architectural ornaments to that metropo lis, but have attracted popular patronage from the older and inconven ent places of amusement. It is proposed to accom plish in London by private ente prise that which in France has been done by Government subsidy, This Company has purchased a long leasehold in the Bay market, whereon a theatre wi 1 be erected, embracing all the advantages and improvements to which the people of Lonnon are entitled ; including wide en 'Tits , ces, -roomy seats, unob structed passages, and good ventilation By adopting a more simple plan of construction, not only is the cost of the build ing diminished, but the cost of management and maintenan T is m .terially reduced. Contracts for the performance of all the work are before the Directors, and the amount is safely within the limits of the capital. A freehold of equally ample dimensions, and .n the immediate neighbourhood, can be obtained, and the Dire , tors reserve the right to prefer that site, it in the interest of the Company it shall seem to them advisab e. This Company has also acquired the long leasehold of nearly an acre of land on the corner of Westminster-bridge, with frontage on the bridge, in the Westminster-bridge-road, and also on the river, facing the Houses of Parliament ; in cluding the West iiinster Theatre, its whole stock of scenery. wardrobe, property. and machinery. On a portion of this ground will be erected, among other ► uilding.s, a large paint ing-room, machinery works, and property manufactory, to serve b th theatres. The Directors have received an offer from Mr. Boucicault to lease the whole at a rent a hich will pay the shareholders 10 per cent. on the capital subscribed ; or to manage the en terprise on their bshalf, receiving for his services one-third of the net profits, after all outgoings have been paid. The Directors have resolved to accept the latter form of the offer, having satisfied themselves that during the erection of the proposed new the itre the Westminster Theatre alone will pay the shareholders 10 per cent. on their subscriptions. The dividend will commence from the date of allotment, and it is proposed shall be payable quarterly. When the buildings are completed, which will probably occupy about four months, a dividend of more than double that amount may be reason ably anticipated. The satisfactory features of this enterprise are these :—lt is based on valuable and substantial property, which, in its present unimproved state is rented for .£4,103 a year ; a value which, if the property is left undisturbed, will be greatly en hanced by the new southern embankment, which comes on its principal frontage. And secondly, from the moment of the formation the Company comes into the posse , sion of a part of the project in full operation earning a dividend. A large number of the shares have teen privately sub scrib-d for. Applicat ons for shares may be made to the solicitors of the Company, to the Secretary at the offices of the Company, or at the Theatre Hopi, Westminster. Form of Application for Shares. To the Directors of the NEW Theatre Company, Limited. Gentlemen,—Having paid to your bankers* the sum of being a deposit of £1 per share on shares in the above Company, I request that you will allot me that number, and I here' , y accept such shares, or any less number which may be allotted to me, subject to the articles of association; and I further request that my name may be nlaced on the register of shareholders for the shares so allotted. Name - in full Address Profession or business Date 1863. * If the amount is remitted to the Secretary by cheque it must be crossed with the name of the Company's Bank rs. The receipt will be forwarded by return ( - 4 post. R OIAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION (Incorporated by Royal Charter). PATRONESS—Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen. I 'RESIDENT —Vice-Admiral the Duke of Northumberland, K.G., F.R.S. lIATRMAN—Thos Baring, Fsq., M.P., F.R.S.. V.P. rEvu'rY-CHAntuAN—Thomas Chapman, Esq., 1.R.5., V.P. APPEAL. The Committee of Management have to state that, since the beginning of the year 1860, the Roya, National Lifeboat Institution has expended £32,c00 on various Lifeboat Estab lishments on the Coasts of Engand, Scotland. and Ireland. The number of lives saved by the Life-boats of the Society. nd other means, since its formation, is 12,800; for which services 82 Gold Medals, 718 Silver Medals, and £16,480 in cash have been paid in rewards. The Institu tion has also expended £67, , 00 on Life-boats, Life-boat Transporting-cart iages, and Boat-houses. The Committee desire to express their grateful sense of the generouq support which they have received from the British public during the past few years, a support which has enab ed them to establish their present magnificent fleet (Y 123 Lifeboats on the shores of the United Kingdom. Deeply sensib e, however, of the great responsibility that res - s on them to maintain their fleet in a thoroughly efficient state, and isCrews practised in the management of their boats, which car only be effectel by a large and permanent annual income, they earnestly aepeal to all classes of their countrymen to aid them in upholding and perpetuating so peat and truly national a work. The Committee gratefuhy acknowledge the following con tributions:— I X s. d Her Majesty the Queen .. • • • • annual 50 C 0 Campbell, the Hon. Mrs. G. • • • • • • annual 50 0 Clerk. Colonel, R.A. .. annual 1 1 0 Coutts and Co., Messrs., Bankers .. • • annual 10 0 0 Currie, Wm., Esq., •• •• •• .. 4th don 10 0 0 Erie, Lord Chief Justice dun. 10 10 0 Fanshawe, Vice-Admiral Sir A., K.C.B . • • 2d don. 25 0 0 Fenwiek, G. J., Esq , cost of a Lifeboat and Tran o - sporting Carriage .. .. • • liarvey, Rev. G. G. and Mrs. don. 250 3 00 0 Martin, Sir Henry, Bart .. 7th don. 10 0 0 Moore, Rev. G. B. • • .. .. • • don. 15 15 0 Smith, 51 re. G eorge, Greenwich .. • • 30 0 Stirling, Col. Sir Anthony, K.C.B. annual 2 0 0 Thom s, Lady, Weston-super-Marc, collectedby her 18 16 0 Ladyship • • • Willoughby d'Ere • s • by, Lord •• .. ann ual 5 0 0 Donations and Annual Subscriptions will be thankfully re ceived by the Bankers of the Institution, Messrs. Willis, Percival, and Co., 76, Lombard-street; Messrs. Ceutts and Co., 50, Strand; Niessrs. Berries, Farquhar, and Co., 16, St. Jame4's-street, London ; by a 1 the Collectors of Customs and Bankers in the United Kingdom; and by the Secretary Richard Lewis. Esq., at the Office of the Institution, 14, John-street, Adelphi, London, W.C. THE B FARMER'S AROMETER, 50a., a new Instrnmen`, by Negretti and Zambra, will cor rectly indicate whether the Barometer falls for Rain or for Wind. Particulars by enclosing stamp.-1, Hatton-garden ; 57 , Cornb.ill ; and 122, Regent-street. NOTICE. ASECOND EDITION of MR. JEAFFRESON'S NEW NOVEL, " LIVE IT i OWN," in 3 vols., is now ready at all the Libraries. Hurst and Blackett, publishers, 13, Great Marlborough street. Price 55., RANO A TELLI'S COOK'S GUIDE, and F HOUSEKEEPER'S and BUT LE it'S ASS ISTA NT, for Private F miles. Lontaining pldin instructions for pickling and preserving vegetables, fruit, game, &c. ; the art of con f ctiontry and ice-making, the curing of hams and bacon, with valuable directs ns for the preparation of proper diet for invalids ; also f Jr a variety of wine cups, .tc. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. This day, at all the Libraries, in 2 vols., Bvo., with Illustrations, price 2Es., THE POLISH CAP"FIVI FY. An Account of the Present Position and Prospects of the Poles in the kingdom of Poland, and in the Polish Provinces of Austria, Prussia, and Rus-ia. By 11. SUTHERLAND EDWARDS, Author of "The Russians at Home," and "History of the Opera." " r. is book will be read with deep interest."—Athenteum. London : W. H. Allen and Co., 13, Waterloo-place, S.W. BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE for APRIL, 1863. No. DLXX. Price 2s. 61 CONTENTS. Sensation Diplomacy in Japan. Mrs. Clifford's N,arriage.—Part Sir James Graham. The Inexhaustible Capital. Caxtoniana.—Part XV. No. 20.—0 n Self-ControL No. 21.—The Modern Misanthrope. Btleddi. , g's Life of Bacon. The Yeang-tai Mountains, and Spirit-Writing in China. Marriage RAIL Winiam Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London. OXFORD and CAMBRIDGE BOAT-RACE THE WELLINGTON, St. James's-street, will be open for Breakfast ,, , Luncheons, and Dinners from 9 a m. A set Dinner, at Five Shillings each, is served from 3 p.m. The Three Shilling Dinner, and Dinners from the " Carte," as usual. WILLIAM COX, Superintendent. The Wellington, St. James's-street. Entrance, 160, P.ccadilly. SAWYER'S FAMOUS LONDON DINNER FOR THIS DAY, At 2s. ed. each Person. SOUPS. A la Refine. Jardiniere. FISH Cod and Oyste ENTREES Fried Whitings. Mutton Cutlets and Spinach. INTS.Fricatelle a Fltalienne. JO Roast Sirloins of Beef. Roast Saddles of Mutton. SWEETS. Albert Puddings. Rhubarb Tartlets. Cheese and Salad. An extensive and carefully selected stock of FRENCH, RHENISH, MOSELLE, and other WINES, imported ex pressly for The London Dinner. THE LONDON, 19', FLEET-STREET. CANTERBURY HALL.- GRAND SELECLIONS from popular OPERAS, con ducted by Mr. Jonghmans. Principal Artiste Miss Russell. The Comic by Unsworth, the modern Demosthetie 4, in his renowned stump speech; Eugene's burlesque songs and dances ; Frank Hall, Arthur Lloyd, and Miss Laura Sanders, and a variety of other attractions. T H E O X F OR D, R, OXFORD STREET. "THE ROSE OF DENMARK," Sung every Evening by Miss Russell and the entire Company, also The New Cantata, by Herr Meyer Lutz, "HERNE THE tIUNTER," Gluck's ALCESTE, and other Operatic Selections, Supported by Miss Russell, Miss Townley, and Miss Oesten, Mr. Green, )!fir. Bernardi, Mr. J B. Finish, and Mr. Albert, with full band and chorus. Conducted by Mr. Jonghm , ns. Drew Dean's Flute Solos. Ballads by Master Edwin Sanders, the juvenile vocalist, aged years. - George Hodson's Irish, Miscellaneous, and Ventriloquial Entertainment. Unsworth's great Stump Speech, Or any other man." Eugene's burlesque Scenes and I , ances. W Randall's New Comicalities. Miss Caroline Parkes' Vocal and Terpsichorean Sketches, and other varied attractions. Hall, 6d.—Balcony and Stalls, ls.—Private Boxes, lOs. 6d MJULLIEN'S PROMENADE CONCERTS. • At the ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill-street, Piccadilly. Continued success of J. LEVY, the celebrated Cornet-a iston Plays Nightly, at Nine and Ten o'clock, one of his d Solos, also at Eleven, Variations, "The Carnival de Venise." Revival of the Scotch Fantasia and Irish Quadrille, by M. Jullien. Solos by Tyler, King, Horton, M'Eleney, Arc. Cavatina, "Di Nabuco," on the uphonium. t,y L. Mose,a. Doors open at Eight o'clock. Admission, is. Manager, Mons. GRENET. THE LONDON ANATOMICAL MUSEUM, containing the Wonders of Nat ure and Art. shown b y innumerable Models, ill us trating every part of the Human Frame ; together with a variety of Natural Preparations, Malformations, monstrosities, tac. ; also the Moving Ana tomical Dying Zouave, and other life-size figures. Open daily from 11 to 10, for Gentlemen only. Admission, One Shilling. Entrunoe-44 A, Maddox-street, Regent-street, London, W. Illustrated Catalogue, free by post• for 12 stamps, sealed 20. Explanations throughout the day. Lecture at 4. Address the Secretary, as above. THE beat TROUSERS for gentlemen to wear are those made by ELSTOB, of 60, New Bond-street. They are neither so low in price as to necessitate their being carelessly put together, nor so dear as to gain only the wealthy as purchasers. •" In media via tutissimus ibis." ELSTOB'S TROUSERS, TWENTY-ONE SHILLINGS PER PAIR. PARKER'S PATENT TWO-WHEELED CARRIAGES. The Exhibition "CAMBRIDGE CART," 45 guineas. The Sporting " CAMBRIDGE CART," 38 guineas. The Tradesman's " CAMBRIDGE itT," 30 guineas. The Lady's "CAMBRIDGE (;ART," 25 guineas. These vehicles, constructed on an entirely new principle, surpass all other two-wheeled carriages, for ease and freedom from knee motion, combined with lightness. Prospectus, with drawings and " opinions of the preqs," free by post, on application to the Inventor and Patentee, Frederick Parker, Carriage Builder, Cambridge. TEETH. -By MR. ESKELL'S INVENTION (Royal Seal granted 17th •July, 1860), Sets or partial Sets of Teeth, exqu i s itely enamelled to nature, are made and fitted in a few hours by means of his patented soft elastic and imperishable base of the colour of the gum, to which it ad heres with wonderful tenacity, dispensin g with springs or unsightly fastenings, and defying detection by toe closest observer. The peculiar attribute of Mr. Eskell's invention is, the readiness with which these teeth can be re-adapted to any change of the mouth (even by the wearer); and as they act independently of all disturbing causes which affect teeth of ordinary construction, they are guaranteed tt, last a life time, as well as for mastication and articulation. Mr. ESKELL'S TREATISE, which fully explains his invention, post free for seven stamps.—lnspection of specimens and Con sultations free. Terms strictly moderate.-8, Grosvenor street, Bond-street, London ; and 39, Bennett's-hill, Bir mingham. O ST E 0 EID ON: Patent, March 1, 18112, No. 580. GABRIEL'S Self-adhesive Patent Indestructible MINE RAL TEETH and FLEXIBLE GUMS, without palates, springs, or wires, and without operation. One set lasts a lifetime, and WARRANTED FOR MASTICATION and ARTICULATION, even when all others fail. Purest ma terials only, at half the usual , ost. Messrs. GABRIEL, the old-established Delitists, 27, HARLEY-STREET, CAVENDISH-SQUARE; 34, LUDGATE-HILL, LONDON; 85, NEW-STREET, BIRMINGHAM; and 134, DUKE-STREET, LIVERPOOL. Complete Sets, 4 to 7 and 10 to 15 guineas. One visit only required from country patients, Gabriel's Practical Treatise gratis. Consultations free. TRULY EFFICACIOUS AND MILD.-- Dr. SCOTT'S BILIOUS and LIVER PILLS, pre ared without any mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of Dr. , cott, of Bromley, Kent, will be found invaluable to all who uffer from bilious and liver complaints, indigestion, wind. -pasms, giddiness, z ziness of the eyes, dm. For habitual ostiveness, as a family aperient medicine, and as a purifier of the blood, they , re truly excellent; mild in their opera 'ion and grateful to he stomach, they create appe ite, pro mote digestion, and strengthen the whole nervous system. Sold by W. Lambert, 8, King William-street, Charing-cross. London, and by most druggists, in boxes,lB. Ifcl., and three times the quantity in one, 2s. 9d. Be sure to ask for Dr. Scott's Bilious and Liver Pills. The genuine are a square green package, with " William Lambert," engraved on the stamp. ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn•road, in the immediate vicinity of the Great Northern Rail way Terminus, at King's-cross. Patron—The QUEEN. President—The Duke of BUCCLEUCH, K.G. Treasurer—Edward Masterman, Esq. This was the first hospital to introduce the principle of free and instant admission to the destitute sick, without the for mality of governors' let rers. It is entirely devoted to desti tution in its most pitiable form—viz., that which is accom panied by sickness and disease, and is now of sufficient magnitude that, with adequate support, it may be rendered capable of admitting into its wards a very large proportion of the casual sick of this great metropolis. It requires but the funds in order to have 500 beds available for the reception of these the most wretched of our fellow-creatures. Moreover, it gratuitously affords medical advice and medicine to more, on the average, than 3,000 out-patients a week. The Weekly Board feel it their imperative duty to make an EARNEST APPEAL to the public for continued suppqrt, to enable them to admit and relieve the distressing cases that daily present themselves. Contributions are received by the Treasurer, Edward Masterman, Esq. ' Nicholas-lane; also by Messrs. Coutts and Co. ; Drummond and Co. ; Herries and Co. ; Ransom and Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co. ; Smith, Payne, Glyn and Co. ; Jones Loyd and Co. ; Barclay and Co. ; Denison and Co. ; IV liiams, Deacon, and Co. ; Overend, Gurney, and Co. ; Nisbet and Co. ; Messrs. J. Barned and Co., Liverpool L and at the Hospital STANFORD:S. SMITH, Secretary. Mr. Bright, M.P., on the American Question. A meeting of the Trades Unions was held last evening in St. James's-hall, Piccadily, in favour of the Northern States of America and of Negio Emancipation. Mr. John Bright, M.P., president. The greet hall was densely crowded long before the proceedings commenced. Among those present on the plattorm were Mr. Stansfeld, M.P Mr. 'Aviv son, Mr. John Stuart Mill, Mr. P. A. Taylor, M.P., Mr. Newman Hall, Professor Brzley, &c. Mr. BRIGHT, on rising to open the proceedings of the meeting, was received with great cheering. The hon. gentlema❑ said,— When the committee did me the honour to ask me to attend this meeting to-night to take the chair, I felt that I was not at liberty to refuse, for I considered there was something re markable in the character of this meeting, and I need not tell y ou that the cause which we are assem- bled to discuss is one that excites my warmest sym• pathy. (Cheers.) This meeting is remarkable, in- asmuch as it is not what is commonly called a public meeting, but it is a meeting, as you have seen by _ . _ . _ the advertisement by which it has been called, of the members of the Trades' Unions and trades socie ties in London. The members of these societies have not usually stepped out from their ordinary business to take part in questions of this kind, or in any great public questions. But the sub ject which you are now met to discuss is one of surpassing interest, which excites at this mo ment, and has excited for two years past, the attention and astonishment of the civilized world. We see that country which for many years during the lifetime of the oldest among us has been the most peaceful, the most prosperous, and the most free among the great nations of the earth— we see it plunged at once into the midst of a sanguinary revolution the proportions of which are so gigantic as to dwarf all other revolutionary re cords and events of which we have any knowledge. But I don't wonder at this revolution. No man can read the history of the United States from the time when they ceased to be colones of England without discovering at the very birth of that great republic that there were sown the seeds, if not of its dissolution, at least of its extreme peril. The infant giant in ita cradle may be said to have been rocked under the shade of the tomb. Colonial weakness when face to face with British strength made it impossible to put an end to slavery or to establish a republic free from slavery. To meet England it was necessary to tolerate slavery, and from that hour to this—at least to within two or three years of the present period—the love of union, —the patriotism of the American people, has in duced them constantly to make concessions to slavery, becluse they knew that when they ceased to make these concessions they ran the peril of that disruption which has now arrived, and they dreaded the destruction of their country even more than they hated the evil of slavery. But those concessions,— as concessions to evil I believe always do fail,— have failed to secure safety to the Union. There were principles at war which were wholly irrecon- cileable. The South, as you know, for the last 50 years have been engaged in building up fresh ram parts by which to defend their institutions, while the North have been growing yearly greater in freedom. A contest, therefore, could not be distant ; it was obviously inevitable. In our day, then, that which the statesmen of America hoped permanently to postpone has arrived. The great trial is going on in sight of the world, and the verdict on this great question must at last be rendered ? But how much is at stake ? Some men in this coun try, some writers, talk of it as if, after all, it was no great matter that had caused this contest in the United States. I say that a whole continent is at stake. (Cheers.) It is net a question of boundary, it is not a question of tariff, it is not a question of su premacy, or of party, it is not a question even of the condition of 4,000,000 of negroes. It is more than that; it is a question of a whole continent with its teeming millions, and what shall be their pre- sent and future fate. It is for those millions, and among them, a question of freedom or slavery, edu cation or ignorance, light or darkness, Christian mo rality, ever widening and all-blessing in its influ ence, or an overshadowing and all-blasting guilt. (Cheers.) There are men, good men, who say that we in England who are opposed to war should take no public part in this great question ; and only yes terd, y I received from a friend of mine, whose fidelity I honour, a letter in which he asked me whether I thought, with the views which he sup posed I entertained on the question of war, it was fitting that I should appear at such a meeting as this. It is not our war. (Cheers.) We did not make it. (Cheers.) We deeply lament it. It is not in our power to bring it to a close; but I know not that we are called upon to shut our eyes, and to close our hearts to the great issues that are depending upon it. (Cheers.) Now, we are met to ask one an other some questions. Has England any opinion with regard to this great American question ? Has Eng land any sympathy on one side or the other with either party engaged in this great struggle ? But, to come nearer, I would ask whether this meeting has any opinion upon it, and whether our sympa thies have been stirred in relation to it ? It is true to this meeting not many noble, not many rich have been called. It is a meeting composed of artisans, working men of the City of London, men whose la bour, in combination with capital and directing skill have built this great city, and have made England great. I address myself to these men; I ask them, I ask you, have you any special interest in this con test P (Cheers.) Privilege thinks it has a great interest in it ; and every morning with blatant voice it comes into your street and curses the Ame rican Repub'ic. Privilege has beheld an aftletiog spectacle for many years past. It has beheld 30,000,000 of men, happy and prosperous, without Emperor (cheers)— without King (cheers) — without the surroundings of a Court—(cheers) — without nobles, except such as are made by emi nence in intellect and virtue—(cheers)—without State bishops and State priests, the sole vendors of a law which works salvation ; without great armies and great navies, without great debt, and without great taxes. (sheers.) Privilege has shuddered at what might happen to old Europe if this grand I experiment should succeed. (Cheers.) But you, the workers—you striving after a better time—you, struggling upwards towards the light with slow and painful steps—you have no cause to look with jealousy upon a country which, among the nations of the globe, is that one where labour has met with the highest honour, and where it has reaped its greatest reward. (Cheers.) Are you aware of the great fact that in 15 years, which is but as yester.. day when it is past, two millions and a half of your countrymen have found a home in the United States —that a population equal nearly to the population of this great city, equal no mean kingdom, has in that space of time emigrated from these shores ? In the United States there has been an open door for every man, and millions have entered into it and have found rest. Let us take the two sections of the country which are now engaged in this fearful struggle. In the one, labour is honoured more than elsewhere in the world ; there, more than in any other country, men rise to competence and in dependence, and no honest pursuit is thwarted by the law. In the other sei...tion, labour is not only not honoured, but it is degraded ; there the labourer is made a chattel; he is no more his own master than the horse that drags the omnibus through c yrn h os i uy l d the next street, nor is his wife nor his havebe no r w e 1 1 not hear d tht oi the hg i e t foraathat : t o refe rnny nmdiosimngehnisstt—atoetwhmanet.nitt, is not the black man only who should be a slave. I heard it stated only to-day that slavery in Jewish times was not confined to negroes. Therefore, if you lose your hold on negro slavery, you lose your sheet-anchor for the cause of the slave. (Cheers.) in your trade societies you help each other, and ~..-= you also maintain what you consider to be the just rights of industry in your separate trades. Some times, indeed, you do things which many people do not approve, at.d probably when you come to think more coolly of them you even doubt the wisdom of hem yourselves. That is only saying that you are not immaculate ; that your wisdom, like that of other classes. is not absolutely perfect. But they have in the Southern States a specific for all these differences between capital and labour, by making labour itself capital ; and thus labour, being made c4pital, becomes property, tnd the whole system moves with that perftct etrEe and harmony which the world admires so much in the Southern States of America. I believe there never was a qaestion submitted to public opinion which it was more be- coming working men to consider than the one of which lam now speaking. But some persons may ask, ' What is to become of our trade P What is to become of the capital and the labour of Lanca- shire P" Well, I wish I could give you a safe and useful answer to that question. lam not sure that much of the capital of Lancashire will not be ruined. [ am not sure that a very large number of its popu- Ation will not have to remove and seek other em- ployment either in this or in some other country. I am not one of those who underrate this great calamity ; on the contrary, I have scarcely met with any, certainly not more than half a dozen, who have been willing to measure the mag nitude of this calamity according to the scale which I have viewed it. But let us examine this matter so far as it bears upon the question as to what you ought to do with regard to the United States. The distress in Lancashire comes from a failure in the supply of cotton ; that comes from the war in the United States ; and that war has originated from the efforts of the slaveholders in that country to break up what they themselves ad mit to be the freest and best government that ever existed, for the sole purpose of perpetuating the in stitution of negro slavery. Then, if the South (I wish we had some better terms than South and the war, and created North) —but if the South began all this mischief, does it look reasonable that we should pat them on the back and be their friends ? (Cheers.) If they have destroyed the cotton or with held it, shall we therefore take them to our bosom ? I have a letter written by an agent in the city of Nashville, accustomed to buy cotton before the war. Immediately after that city came into the possession of the Northern forces he began his trade there. Cotton came in, the Secession planters having began to bring it in, and he had a fair chance of re-esta blishing his business ; but the moment this was dis covered by the commander of the Southern forces they issued a paramount order that every boat load, waggon load, or oar load that was leaving a plantation for the purpose of sale should be imme diately destroyed. The result was that the cotton trade at Nashville was at once put an end to, and I believe, except to a small extent, is so to this very hour. Take again the city of New Orleans. That has been for many months in the possession of the Northern forces. The Northern commander has issued an announcement that any cotton sent down to New Orleans for exportation, even though it should come from the most resolved friend to secession, should still be allowed to be purchased there and shipped to Europe. But you have not found cotton come to New Orleans, although its coming down there would have been no advantage to the North. No, the cot- ton has been withheld by the Southern States, with this single object, that they might create in the manufacturing districts of France and England a state of sufflring that might at last become un bearable, and compel the Governments of those countries, in spite of all that international law might teach them, end in spite ot all that political mo rality enjoined upon them, to take sides with the South and go to war with the North for the sake of liberating what cotton there is now in the Secession States. (Cheers.) Such of you as read the city articles of the daily papers will see that a loan has been contracted for in the city, to the amount of three millions sterling, on behalf of the Southern Confe deracy. It is not brought into the market by any firm bearing an English name—(cheers) —but I am prepared to say there are circumstances which give rise to the belief that many Englishmen have taken portions of that loan. Now, one of the great objects of the loan is this—to pay in this country for vessels which are being built here—for other Alabamas, from which it is hoped so much irritation will arise in the minds of the people of the Northern States that even yet England may be plunged into war, and be made to appear to take sides with the South and with slavery. The South was neurally always hostile to England, because England was always hostile to slavery; and the great hope of the insurrection has b een from the beginning that Englishmen would not have the fortitude to bear the calamities which the war in America has brought upon them, but would at last, by some trick or accident, be involved in a contest with the North, and thus aid and strengthen the South. This ques tion is so plain that you Englishmen cannot fail to understand it—(cheers)—at least the 6,000,000 people in the United Kingdom who are not enfran chised, they, least of all, can never any longer feel a doubt upon the question. Their instincts are always, in the main, right ; and, if they get the facts and information, I can rely on their influence being put in the right scale. I wish I could say what would be as satisfactory to myself—the same of others. There may be men, it is said there are men, sitting among your legislators who will build and equip Corsair ships to prey upon the commerce of friendly powers—who will disregard the laws and honour of their country, and who will trample on the proclamation of their Sovereign for the sake of gratifyin g a greed for that profit which sometimes waits on crime, and who for the sake of which are content to cover themselves with an ever lasting infamy. (Cheers.) There may be men, too, rich men in this city of London who for the chance of more gain than honest dealings will afford them, would not hesitate to assist a cause whose funda mental institution and very corner stone of their constitutional edifice is declared to be a felony and to be infamous by the statutes of their country. I speak not to these men. Ileave them to their con sciences, in that hour which comes to all of us, — when conscience speaks and the soul is no longer deaf to her voice. (Cheers.) I speak to you, the working :nen of London—the representatives as you are here to-night ot the feelings and interests of the millions who cannot hear my voice. I wish you to be true to yourselves. (Cheers.) Dynasties may fall, aristooracies may perish, but you and your chil dren and your children's children will remain, and from you the English people will be continued to succeeding generations. (Cheers.) You wish for freedom, and you strive for it in many ways, but do not think of giving the hand of friendship or fel lowship to the worst foes of freedom that the world has ever seen. (Cheers.) Do not, I beseech you, bring down a curse upon your own cause which no after penitence can lift from it. (Cheers.) I have faith in you. Impartial history will tell that when your statesmen were hostile or coldly neutral— when your rich men were corrupt, when your press which ought to have instructed and defended you, has been mainly written to betray your faith in that vast continent whose populations are of your own kindred—you clung to freedom with unfaltering trust; and be assured that God in His mercy will vet make it the heritage of all his children. (Loud cheers.) Mr. HOWELL (a working bricklayer) then moved and Mr. ROGERS (a shoemaker) seconded, the fol lowing resolution That the attempt of the American slaveowners to break up the Union, in which their liberties and constitutional rights had never been interfered with, is destructive of the first principles of political society, and that this meeting re gards with indignation the conduct of those public men, capitalists and journalists in this country, who have abetted the cause of the Confederates ; and, further, that the Go vernment of this country, in permitting the pirate ship Alabama to leave Liverpool, was guilty of negligence, and has failed in ith duty to a friendly nation." which, having been supported by Mr. MATTS (a carpenter), was carried unanimously. Mr. TREMOR (a joiner), moved, and Professor BESLEY seconded, the following resolution : " That we altogether repudiate the statement that the war now raging in America is the result of republican or demo cratic institutions, but rather do we believe that the liberty arising out of such institutions has made it impossible for slavery longer to exist there, and we further believe that should the South be successful in setting up a Government founded on human slavery, to recognise such a Governmen would be to take a step backwards in civilisation, and we declare that we will use oarr utmost efforts to pre wilt the recognition of at y Government founded on such a 111011- strous iniquity. And we hereby tender our thanks to the President, Government, and people of the Northern States for the firmness they have displayed and the sacrifices they have made to restore the Union and consolidate the liberty of the republic; and, as the cause of labour and liberty is one all over the world, we bid them God speed in their glo rious work of emancipation." _ _ _ which, having been spoken to by a Mr. CONOLLY, was also unanimously adopted. The following address was then moved and seconded by Mr. PETHERBRIDGE and Mr. HEAP, and unanimously agreed to "To ABRAHAM LINCOLN, PRESIDENT Or THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. "Honoured Sir,—A portion of the British press, led by the infamous Times, an arrogant aristocracy, and some of the moneyed classes of this country, having misrepresented the wishes and feelings of its people with regard to the lamentable conte,t between two portions of the great repub lic, of which you are the legal and constitutional chief, we, the Trades Unionists and working men of London, in pub lic meeting assembled, desire to assure you and the people of the Northern and loyal States of America that our ear nest and heartfelt sympathies are with you in the arduous struggle you are maintaining in the cause of human free dom. We indignantly protest against the assertion that the people of England wish for the success of the Southern States in their diabolical attempt to establish a separate Government on the basis of human slavery. However much a liberty-hating aristocracy, and an unscrupulous moneyocraoy may desire the consummation of such a crime, we, the working men of London, view it with abhorrence. We know that slavery in America must have an indirect but real tendency to degrade and depress labour in this country also, and for this, if for no higher reason, we should refuse our sympathy to this infamous rebellion. The history of our race has been the story of a long continued struggle for freedom; and we prize too highly the liberties bequeathed us by our fathers to desecrate their memories by descending to associate with the conspirators who seek to sink the pro ducers of human necessaries and human wealth into soul less beasts. Though we have felt proud of our country, of the freedom won for its children, by the sacrifices and blood of our fathers, yet we have ever turned with glowing admiration to your great republic, where a higher political and social freedom has been generally established, but we have always regretted that. it , citizens, our brothers in the great Anglo-Saxon family, should have allowel the foul stain of negro slavery to remain a black spot on their other wise noble institutions. When you, sir, were elected chief magistrate of the great American republic we hoped for the inauguration of a policy which should cause slavery to dis appear from the soil of the United States, and we have not been disappointed. Though surrounded by difficulties, though trammelled by enactments made during the ascend ancy of the slaveowners, you have struck off the shackles from the poor slaves of Columbia; you have welcomed as men, as equals under God, the coloured peoples of Hayti and Liberia, and by your proclamation, issued on the first day of this year, and the plans you have laid before Congress, you have opened the gates of freedom to the millions of our negro brothers who have been deprived of their manhood by the infernal laws which have so long disgraced the civi lisation of America. We believe that the endeavours already made by you are only intimations of your earnest intention to carry out to completion the grand and holy work you have begun, and we pray you to go on, unfaulteringly, un dauntedly, never pausing until the vivifying sun of liberty shall warm the blood and inspire the soul of every man who breathes the air of your great republic. Be assured that in following out this noble course our earnest, our active sym pathies will be with you, and that, like our brothers in Lancashire, whose distress called forth your generous help in this your own time cf difficulty, we would rather perish than band ourselves in unholy alliance with the South and slavery. May you and your compatriots be crowned with victory, and may the future see the people of England and their brothers of America marching shoulder to shoulder determinedly forward, the pioneers of human progress, the champions of universal lit erty 1" A vote of thanks was then passed to the chair man, who briefly acknowledged the compliment, and the vast assemblage then separated. Institution of Naval Architects. The naval architects opened their session yester day at the room of the Society of Aits, in the Adelphi ; Sir John Pakington, Bart., M.P., the president, taking the chair. The four papers were read in succession upon the great subject of iron clad ships : by Mr. W. Fairbairn, " On the Con struction of Iron-plated Ships ;" by Mr. Samuda, " On Iron-plated Ships ;" by Mr. Scott Russell, "On the Present state of the Question at issue be tween Modern Guns and Iron-coated Ships ;" and by Mr. E. J. Reed, of the Admiralty, "On Iron cased Ships." Mr. Fairbairn's paper had reference chiefly to the importance of the working of the iron, and the methods of obtaining the greatest mechanical strength. As a rough statement, it might be said that thickness of plate would represent strength, but much depended upon the process of hammering and rolling, by which the fibre and texture of the metal were improved. He recurred to the views he had expressed in former papers, which were founded upon many experiments, and said that the cellular structure employed in tubular bridges and girders was the best form for obtaining greatest strength. He advocated the use of this principle in the con struction of iron ships, and would have the cellular compartments run the whole length of the bottom and sides of a ship, her armour plates to come above this, and the decks to be made very strong means of support by making the beams of iron. A ship ought to be so stiff that she would bear suspending on two points, one at each end, or even upon one amidships. As to steel, it was difficult to say what might not be done with it, as its strength was much greater than that of iron ; still, as yet it had not been sufficiently tested. He was not inclined to building very large ships. He showed a diagram of a vessel in which he would arrange the heavier burden of engines and guns in the middle, and these two be protected with more extensive armour plates, while a belt might be carried round the ship at the water line, covering the steering apparatus and screw, but leaving parts unprotected. As to large guns, he was much of opinion that the limit of their strength had been attained in the 300 pounder. Mr. SAMUDA, as one of our professed iron ship builders, condemned the errors in the first four ships built by the Government of having their ends left unprotected. Still he considered that our millions were well spent even in this costly experiment, as we had now found out the error, and were building the iron ships with plates all over the fighting parts of the ship. Building wooden framed ships of the Royal Oak class was he thought better than doing nothing, though there could be no question that they would never stand the decaying influences which arcse between wood and iron, and they were essentially too weak for the heavy strain upon their sides. A better step, however, would have been to employ private yards in building iron ships. The cupola ships he unhesitatingly approved on prin ciple. They allow concentration of weight and armament, and require less armour in the propor tion of 11 to 20 feet in depth. They keep down tonnage and increase velocity, and would, he ex pected, he developed into highly important vessels. The Prince Albert, which he is building, he thought should have engines of 800 horse power instead of 500 ; this would make her a 13-knot ship, and im prove her draught. The Government should, he said, employ the private yards, and £500,000 should be spent this year, and the same sum the next, in building cupola ships. This he would advise with out waiting to try the Prince Albtrt, so satisfied was he that Captain Coles' plan was applicable to seagoing ships, though he admitted that how they will act is yet doubtful. Mr. SCOTT RUSSELL reminded the Society, that they were considered heretics two years ago for ad vocating iron . .ships. The question had progressed since then, and now the demand for the new navy was for ships with great speed and immense strength. They must be 14-knot ships; they must be long to have speed, and broad to have stability, and keep their ports nine feet out of water. lie put the case of there being an Alabama upon the track of our China and Australia trade; he would not call her a pirate, but supposing such a ship in time of war, we had only two ships that could chase ; the Ih:fence and the Resistc.r.ee would only follow in her wake, We saw the whole availf.ble American navy engaged in trying to c..tch this Alabama. Mr. Russell would do away with the timber-backing of the AVarrior, and sub stitute iron plates. It did no good ; it only caua , ed buckling of the plates, tending to draw out the bolls, and took fire with shells, as we saw at Shoebury ness. The weight of this wood would be better exchanged for iron plating. Mr. Russell gave Mr. Pole's formula for the relative strength required for plates versus guns. For 68 pounder 130 „ 200 „ 290 400 „ 500 „ 600 „ We have now to provide against a 300 pounder sending shot with a velocity of 1,500 feet per second, and we have to mount and fire this gun rapidly and easily to the ship ourselves. He could not but think that this would be done with all the able mechanics and engineers the country possesses. Capt. Coles's cupola he had made himself, and this one had been tried successfully. The turntable was the only mode he knew of which enabled such heavy guns to be moved with so much ease ; and by this means too the weight was kept in the central line of the ship. The Prince Albert he could not think a judi cious application of the principle, and the Royal Sovereign was much worse. But give any one of our gallant naval officers a 15-knot ship, with a cupola forward and one aft, and the engines and rudder shot proof, and he would be bound they would give a good account of any Alabama in the world. But if it was required to work guns even on the broadside by machinery, it was only to say so, and there were plenty of mechanics who could do this. Mr. Scott Russell intimated that he knew how to make a larger number of guns available than in a cupola. He could see how the 300-pounder broadside gun could be put on a par with the turn table 300-pounders. The portholes in the cupola have the great advantage of being small, but it would be quite practicable to work a 300-pounder at any elevation in an opening which shall not be larger than the muzzle, only sufficient to allow of aiming. As to weights of armour,he would expect to see used ' 7i-inch plates, with 31-inch iron backing, in vessels 600 feet long and 70 broad, of 12,000 or even 22,500 tons—Great Easterns, in fact, 700 feet long and 83 broad. Mr. Scott Russell pointed out that the Hector and Valiant are not proof against shell at their unarmoured parts; they would be blown up by shell entering here. But we must adopt ex pedients of partial protection and partial battery. The Warrior has more iron in her than the Great Eastern, in consequence of its not being used with economy. Protection to the water-line he did not much care about,as the water-tight compartments serve the purpose of protection. He attributed much to the labours of the Iron-plate Committee, and looked to next year to show us how much progress had been made in scientific knowledge and profes sional acquirement, and ended by saying that engi neers and naval architects were ready to serve the Government, and to put up with loss rather than the servioe of the country should suffer. Mr. REED then followed with his paper, which, after a few observations alluding to his having re signed his office of secretary to the society so as to avoid embarrassing them, referred chiefly to a de fence of bis plan of construction adopted in the En terprise sloop of 950 tons, and an attack upon Capt. Coles's cupola plsn. His iron-cased ship was as unlike the Monitor as possible; it was well out of water, well supported at every part, the armament in the centre, of few guns of long range, with the steering apparatus and engines protected by proof armour. He would armour , plate every ship of every size to a certain degree, giving them large guns with long range and high speed. Anything like the Monitor would be a decadence, a disgrace to our pride and to the " flag that has braved the battle and the breeze." The form of ourships should never be compromised as it is in the cupola plan. They must have good handsome masts and rigging. He advocated wooden ships, and especially wooden bottoms in small ships particularly. But if 14-knot ships must be had, iron is the only material to make them of ; and this was according to the first design he had the honour of submitting to the Admiralty. He stated the evidence of the surveyor of Lloyds', that in some iron ships not five years old 1,000 rivets had disappeared in the bottoms. And in private yards he knew of the plates being joined so badly as to require caulking, as the records of the society, he believed, would show. Still he would not deny that now no labour or capital is spared in private yards, and a high degree of excellence is attained. Mr. Reed described the enterprise, and said the frame of this ship was of timber converted. She had her battery in the centre, in a water-tight compartment, with means for fore and aft firing of the guns. In the Renard and Favourite the iron upper work was avoided, and they were completely plated. He alluded to the severe criticisms his plans had met with from the press, and especially from Admiral Halsted, defending the Enterprise from the charges brought against her in that gallant officer's pamphlet. As to the cupolas, or turrets rather, of Captain Coles, they were exposed on at least 10 square feet on ali points. The trials with the Trusty in 1861 he tt ought not conclusive, as breech loaders were used. Then these cupolas could be easily wedged by boarders. He could see no pro spect of such vessels being made seagoing, and in action, as the bulwarks are permanent, the guns could not be fired fore and aft. By an array of figures on the black board Mr. Reed showed that the statement in the Mechanics' Magazine (Feb. 27) as to the weight of broadside being in favour of the cupola, was not only erroneous, but that the advan tage was largely in favour of the Favourite. Guns of 20 tons he expected to see worked by machinery; and if we dispensed with these 120-ton turrets we could afford to use machinery. Small shield ships could not be constructed, and as to the ship now proposed by Captain Coles, it was impossible to con struct them as designed. Rapid turning of a ship with broadside ports like the Favourite would be gained by using the double screw system and high speed ; experiments upon which had recently been successfully made by Captain Astley Cooper Key. He did not regard the Enterprise, Resolute, and Favourite as specimens of the class of ships he con ceived would become the future style of naval architecture. Mr.FAIRBAIRN stated that he had proposed in 1855 to the Admiralty to investigate the subject of iron plates for ships, but was not encouraged to proceed. Admiral HALSTED, in reply, admitted that he was mistaken as to the statements in his pamphlet about the Research having the iron box, as he called it, or rectangular cupola. He protested, however, against being provided with these ships of war, one-third of whose guns were useless, and main ' tained that no trials had ever been made of targets representing ships' sides until the ships were in pro gress of construction. The Whitworth shell fired upon a target stronger than the Minotaur in Novem ber last had initiated a revolution in naval gunnery and shipbuilding, and henceforth it was shell that was more difficult to keep out than shot, for it pene trated with more facility than solid shot. The reply of Capt. Coles, who was present• yrs!, by csnsent, deferred till this a..Y, when he will read his paper upon •••gol'g shield ships. After the discumsion, Mr. LANCASTER, the well known artillerist, stated, in reference to the future , -2----, . --- ee ----7 ..N.EWs pi,pl . , rt t.- )., ---4,4:-&-5. , ?.. . 1 „ , , ~,: „ ....v i:, ~,„ t-..4:-,...4- ~..7-1 , , ,,t --. :,..,-„, • ? i a •—___. _ . • \ ..---, , t . ' , .....-,..= r.a 0,.. use of very large ordnance with she *14111 ., : - * ..y- , - - - a • -- " 4, 1 seen in America lately 400-pounder she . ;91- r -cy ..- drical form and hollow-headed, fired — fi6Tic In 18 , .S ton gun, which pierced plates of 9 inches thick at . . long ranges. These guns were used in turrets, to • which was attached a lower and smaller turret, in which the loading of the gun was managed by the crew of the ship; and this was much facilitated.by using a small tralilway, on which the gun worked. The time ocztipied in the reading of the papers and the discussion was so long that it was found necessary to defer any observations which the mem bers present had to make until after the reading of Capt. Coles' paper. SEA-GOING SHIELD SHIPS. A discussion took place last night at the United Service Institution, on the merits of Capt. Coles's cupola or siaieM ship=, a paper on which subject had been read by the in-v . :I-nor on the nrevious day. The chair was occupied by Sir J. P„lting ten. The right hon. baronet also presided on the day when the paper et as reit'. At then quest 0f the right hon. baronet Colts briefly stated the • advantage which he claimed for his principle of a moveable central turret armed with heavy guns, as against the old system of fixed broadsides. Commander SCOTT slid he had submitted a plan to the Admiralty in connection with broadsides, which he thought would make ships armed on that principle more efficient than cupola ships. His plan was to give additional . strongth to the more exposed parts of tha ship by greater thickness of armour plates, and by giving the ship six or eight largo Horsfall guns, each working in a separate casemate. One objection which he urged to the system proposed by Captain Coles was that it would be impossible to work two 300-pounder 'breech-loading guns in thi confinec4space of the interior of the cupolas. The concussion of heavy charges of powder would also be most injurious to the crew working the guns. An ordinary 68- pounder with 161 b of powder required 173- feet to work it, while th,p 300-pounder with 801 b of powder would have been 19 feet clear in the cupolas. The firing of a heavy gun with 801 b. of powder over the deck would cause such a concussion as to sweep not only everything off the deck, but one portion of the deck itself. The concussion of firing a gun on board would be terrific, and he did not believe that 300-pounders with 801 b. charge could be fired at all. The arrangement of Captain Coles simply amounted to fighting his ship from cupolas amid ships, and the question was, whether a ship would be more efficient upon this plan than by fighting the guns from broadsides. He believed that the latter would be really more serviceable. With re spect to these heavy guns, of which so much had been said, it must be borne in mind that there really was no large gun now in existence, which had stood even the tests of target practice. The Whitworth large gun was known to be unwell in its interior, and the Armstrong shunt gun had its muzzle nearly blown off at the late experiments. The only gun which had stood the test was the Horsfall, one of which they might probably hear again. Until these large guns were found to be reliable it would be bad policy to build ships for oarrying them. Admiral ORSTED said he did not think there was much force in the objection that heavy guns could not be fired from the cupola without injury to the floor of the deck of the ship. The proposal to work guns of 22 tons weight in active service for broad side guns was certainly not of a practical character. Such guns would require steam engines or hydraulic rams to work them. They might be pretty in models, but for real service they might as well try the monster guns of the Dardanelles. (A laugh.) Captain OSBORNE wished to know by what me chanical arrangements it was proposed to ensure the moving of the heavy cupolas at a time when a heavy sea was rolling, so as to obtain the great range which was claimed as one of the merits of the sys tem of Captain Coles. Captain FISHBOURNE, R.N., confessed that he saw a difficulty in respect to these cupolas in the shape of the recoil. He felt convinced that large guns would be obtained, and then large charges would be necessary in order to obtain the requisite velocity, and this would lead of necessity to great recoil, which would be most inconvenient in the confined space afforded by the cupolas. They would be towersor turrets worked by turntables, which would be useful not only for these turrets, but which might be very conveniently applied to the working of heavy broadsides. A GENTLEMAN present contended that the effect of the firing of large guns with these enormous charges of 801 b., or very nearly a barrel of powder, would be absolutely to kill the men who had to work the guns in the cupolas. (A laugh.) Captain BLAKELY argued that guns of very largo calibre could be made ; and instanced in support of his views the fact that in America they used 300, 600, 800, and even 1,000 pounder guns. He had offered the Admiralty a 700-pounder gun on con dition that they would use it. The offer had not been accepted, but he was still prepared to lend the gun if the Admiralty would condescend to use it. (A laugh.) Captain SYMONS thought that with the use of the double screw lately introduced, it would give so much facility in the movement and handling of ships as to afford to the broadside ship all the advantages claimed for the movable cupolas. Captain Coles's ship itself might be improved by the adoption of two screws. Captain COLES replied to the various objections urged. He pointed out that the proposal of Com mander Scott to have six heavy broadside guns of 24 tons each would not in action be more effective than a cupola ship, which would engage the broad side one on equal terms with three guns only, and those placed in the centre of the ship. The shield ship was therefore equal to a broadside ship of twice the same number of guns. He denied that there would be any serious effect from concussion in the cupola, and stated that Captain Hewlett and other naval officers, with himself, were in the cupola at the time of firing 110-pounder guns and felt no inconvenience either from concussion or from the effect of smoke. The space allowed for the recoil in his shields was, he contended, quite sufficient. The experiments made on the Trusty showed that the concussion of powder had no serious effect on the deck. He fully approved of the suggestion of applying the two screws to his ship, as it would enable his cupolas to be worked more rapidly and efficiently. He regarded as groundless the objection that the shield or cupola would become jammed in action or be difficult to move in a heavy sea. Various other points having been replied to by Captain Coles, a vote of thanks proposed by Sir John Pakington was unanimously agreed to, and the discussion was brought to a close. Mr. Chichester Fortescue, M.P., is still indis posed, and unable to attend to his official parliamentary duties. The hon. member is attacked with measles. A NEW SYSTEM OF CONTROLLING CLOCKS BY ELECTRICITY has been hit upon by M. Verite of Bervais, while experimenting at the new terminus of the Chemin de Fer du Nord in Paris. Under the pendulums of acme of the many clocks in this vast establishment he placed email electro-niagnets which, upon becoming active, exercised at a given moment an attraction upon the iron or steel in the pendu• lums. On the pedestal of the normal clock he placed a pile which communicated with it at each second, and renderel the magnets active. Mr. Verite found, to his great surprise and delight that, under the influence of this simultaneous action, all the pendulums oscillated in the most perfect syn.- ehrunism, even when their rate varied otherwise five or tea minutes a day. A current every two seconds is found quite sun:l6mi: to ensure the most delicate regulation. N. Bon 'rat( rre, a letter from whom appears in Les Mondes, states that the result is most satisfactory, and that for very little outlay one will be able to contlol all the clocks of a town by the best among them, so as to be no longer compelled to hear 12 o'clock strike for a quarter of an hour; he suggests that a normal clock should be established in the tower of St. Jacques, and that all the principal ones in Paris should be connected with it. Alas I that we 12.ve no M. Bonnaterre in this London of ours, where above all places on earth " time is /1130.e'Y', and such an arrangement would be most " ~Iwirge.—.The Reader. The Armstrong Guns, by constant improvement, sre now peifection. Tne same is the case with Herrin's Magnetic brushes, which are now so periccted that failure with them is all but impossible. They are the true remedy for grey hair, neuralgia, and nervous headache. N.B.—Counterfeits are being made. ()dices, 32, Basinghall-street, London, 1! BEAUTIFUL FOR EVER. MADAME RACHEL ON " FEMALE GRACE AND BEAUTY." Just published, ABOOKOFB E A U T Y. By Madame RACHEL. To be had at 47A, New Bond-street. Price 2s. 6d.