The Sun. — London, England, 1833-10-17 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS It appears that the spirit of falsehood and malignity is not laid, nor likely to be so, in the breast of the arch-beggarman, O'Connell. He has sent forth some recent addresses to those whom he calls " his constituents,"—but under which fondling term he designs the whole belli gerent mob of Ireland,—acquainting them that the calm whi c h h as l a t e ly prevailed throughout that country is not of a description to excite the least uneasiness in himself or his beloved consti tuents, inasmuch as it promises no real benefit, no sound or healthful repose to the community, but is altogether hollow, false, and transient, and fraught with renewed turbulence and combus tion. The Agitator having thus patriotically leassured the sinking spirits of his followers, in contemplation, no doubt, of some fresh draught upon their pockets, opens once again his Pan dora's box, and lets loose tithe extinction and repeal of the Union as war cries for the ensuing winter, It is true he talks of waiting a hide to watch Lord Wellesley (in whom he has not much confidence) before the projected agi tation shall come to a positive outbreak, thus holding the Noble Marquis and his Govern ment to bail for their good behaviour. The new Viceroy, however, has warily outbid O'Connell on one side, and thrown down the gauntlet to him on the other, threatening the mob with " a firm execution of the laws," and the Agitator with a redress of " all real grievances," which would be his day of doom. It was not to be expected that at such a moment O'Connell would forego an enjoyment always dear to gene rous natures, and see Lord Anglesea drop the reins of Government, without giving the dead lion one hearty, revengeful, kick. He loads the departed Lord Lieutenant, therefore, with the foulest indignities that a spiteful ima gination can furnish, brands him with every opprobrious epithet, and, rising in his slander with the consciousness of personal impunity, denounces Lord Anglesea's Administration as the most sanguinary that Ireland ever knew. Yes; there was more" loss of human life," " inure blood spilled," in that gallant sol dier's Ministry than during the government of any former Viceroy ! Yes, but whose lives were lost ? Whose blood was spilled so profusely? Was it exclusively that of Mr. O'Connell's friends and colleagues? Were no tithe-proctors mur dered ? No witnesses murdered ? No magistrates murdered ? No policemen butchered by twenties at a time ? How, then, was it, and where, let us ask, that this " sanguinary" spirit, imputed to Lord Anglesea by O'Connell, ever showed itself in the acts or principles of his Lordship's adminis tration ? We answer broadly never. There never was in possession of power a more humane or gene rous chiefgovernor. In the midst of base and al most maddening provocations, let any man point out a single instance of vindictiveness or harshness in Lord Anglesea. The fact is, that the gallant soldier had too keen a sensibility, and at the same time too open and straightforward a cha racter, to pass on with anything like ease to himself through the crooked, tricky, and de ceitful paths of Irish party and policy; con scious of his own honour and of his generous and benevolent views, he could not repress the indignation of an ardent temper at the baseness with which they were distorted by faction, and calumniated. We believe that no honester po litician ever lived than that noble and gallant Marquis, and it is not the dirty venom of an unprincipled schemer that can obliterate the proofs of general esteem and attachment, which, in spite of political differences, were heaped upoi Lord Anglesea at the trying moment of his de parture from the Irish shores.— Times. Yesterday, what might be called an Aggre gate Meeting of the various Asso c i a ti ons o f th e metropolis, for effecting the abolition of the Assessed Taxes, was held at the Yorkshire Stingo, New-road. The room, which was capable of containing about 2,000 persons, was two-thirds filled at the commencement of the meeting, and was soon after filled to overflow, and continued crowded to the end. Our re porter states, that the persons assembled ap peared generally to be tradesmen and mechanics, that is, the class constituting the bulk of as sessed tax-payers. As some doubts have been expressed with regard to the pledge of Ministers to repeal the House and Window Taxes, we will here allude to what Sir Samuel Whalley stated on that subject at the meeting : " He held (he said) that Lord Althorp was pledged to him and to the House of Commons that he would repeal the House Tax certainly—(lt is of no use !)—when the Parliament met. It was no wonder, under this distinct pledge, that he had formed such an expectation, and he did not suppose that this was put forth to keep the ' pro- mise to the ear, and break it to the sense.' He did not believe that the Minister could incur the charge of destroying the Administration—he did not believe they would free the Legislative Assembly if they were guilty of such a dereliction of honour which would stamp infamy upon a man in all the relations of private life.—(Cheers.) The Government was pledged—irrevocably pledged—at an early period after the meeting of Parliament, to do away with these taxes, which the people were not able to bear, and which fell particularly heavy on the metropolis." But even if Lord Althorp were not pledged, we have no doubt that Ministers would not, under all circumstances, think of continuing a tax so generally odious to their fellow citizens. It may, we think, be taken for granted that the tax will be repealed. As we have more than once stated, even worldly prudence ought to have dictated to them the propriety of abandon ing a tax which was so peculiarly unpopular in the metropolis. It is never wise, by continuing what is more peculiarly unpalatable, to tempt the people to venture on courses which, without safficient encouragement, they would shrink from. We from the first declared ourselves strongly against the house and window tax, be cause we foresaw the handle that would be made of it ; and pressing as it does with such peculiar severity on the metropolis, which has necessarily so much influence on the rest of the kingdom, we have always stated that no Minis try could afford the damage which their popu larity would sustain by refusing to repeal the tax. We have been unjustly accused by some of our contemporaries, who are not very scrupulous as to the ground s on which they make their state ments, of having been silent when the subject of the assessed taxes was before Parliament. This is not the case. We have never allowed any occasion to pass by without advocating the abolition of them. W e see no reason to doubt the repeal of the house anti window tax ; and vie therefore regret exceedingly that the people should, with so fair a prospect, wantonly enter upon a course which men ought never to adopt but in those great emergencies when, from the impossibility of obtaining redress for intol era bl e evils by the ordinary legal channels, nations are led to put them all to hazard. No man contends that any such necessity exists now. No man will refuse to admit that,under the Constitution which now exists, the people may obtain any measure on which they are bent. But even if there were doubts on this subject, and doubts as to the disposition of Ministers to redeem Lord Al thorp's pledge, the same desperate remedies can be resorted to six mouths hence as well as now. Is it, then, worth while to trample on the Con stitution, and to enter on anarchical courses, when so short an interval will serve to show that they are unnecessary ? We regret exceedingly to see the people act with so much levity and wantonness. The Constitution, which all were so enthusiastic in praise of a short year or two ago, is now, after one year's trial, thrown aside by sober English tradesmen and mechanics, as a child throws aside its toy, because they cannot have at once all their desires gratified. Let the people beware how they make light of constitu tional protection. Their enemies are now re joicing at their thoughtless conduct, and they may have occasion to repent their conduct sooner than they think —Morning Chronicle. From the number of gross abuses in the dif- ferent corporations, already brought to light by the Commissioners, the public will derive the greatest benefit. Were it not for the evidence of the parties themselves, it would hardly be be lieved that such things could have been so long tolerated. In the Cambrian, of Saturday last, we have accounts of the proceedings under the Commission at Swansea, Carmarthen, and Neath, which afford strong examples of the oppression to which the inhabitants of these places are sub jected by the corporations. Were the Commis sion to be productive of no other benefit, it will have the effect of putting an end to a system of municipal pillage, which often reminds us of what takes place under Eastern despotisms. Thus, for instance, Neath, according to the evi dence of David Powell, Esq., constable of the Castle, was governed under a charter granted in the reign of James IL, from 1802 till within the last six years, which required that there should be twelve Aldermen, and fifteen Common Councilmen ; but finding twenty-seven in dividuals too large a body to be easily managed, about six years ago the charter was aban doned, and a corporation by prescription set up in its place, of a manufacture, however, quite different from that which existed previous to 1802, and suited to the exclusive views of the governing party, without reference to the rights and privileges of the freemen of the borough. Before the new regulations, freemen attended and voted, but since 1802 they had been ex cluded, and the constable and twelve aldermen had the sole control. The portreeve, an office of profit, is filled by an alderman ; and as the constable names the portreeve, by this patronage he manages the aldermen. A n d w h a t i s the • result ? " The power possessed by the Portreeve of holding Courts Baron and Court of Pleas, has fallen into disuse, and the only department of his office which he appears not to have neglected is the collecting of his tolls and dues ; here there has been no falling off, and the only law go verning these exactions upon the merchant and the trader has been the conscience of the Portreeve for the time being. No table of tolls existed ; in most instances they have been increased, and in some cases doubled, and the public at large have been left to the tender mercies of a dominant faction, who were neither to be entreated nor frightened out of their pound of flesh.' An instance in point—an appleman from the opposite coast brought over a cargo of apples ; lie sold at Briton. ferry more than one• half of his stock, and to facilitate the sale, he brought up the remainder to Neath, and deposited them in a warehouse near the river side. A demand was immediately made upon him for the Portreeve's Dues,' but instead of the accustomed charge of Id. per bushel, 4,1. per bushel was required, and that upon the whole of the cargo, including that portion of it which had been sold at Briton-ferry. The charge was high and the man was poor ; he de murred, but the Exactor of Dues demurred nor, the window shutter of the warehouse was broken, forcible entry made, and the apples seized, and in addition to the 4d. per bushel, he was compelled to pay some thirty shillings costs to the Officers of Justice. The Corpora tion of Neath levy a tax upo❑ all persons bringing articles for sale into the town, however trifling in amount those articles mAy be, and from the farmer who brings his bag of potatoes, to the poor cottager who offers her small basket of herbs, all are alike the objects of Municipal care." This is more like the doings of an Arab Chief in the Desert, when a caravan falls in his way, than the proceedings of a Magistrate of a civilized country. So much for Neath, At Swansea the Corporation seem to have de livered over the inhabitants to a system of arbitrary exaction, for they farmed the port dues to two individuals, who levied ad libitum. "T. Rosser, sen., and T. Rosser, jun., sworn and ex amined—We were the renters of the tolls ; we collected according to the old docket, and lately by the new docket. [Mr. Philipps read a notice served on the renters, which was received by the Commissioner.] We have no entry of the tolls collected ; we keep no account except the dues for flour and goods for shopkeepers, which is made up monthly ; the tolls from strangers are not entered. How much profit have you made from the tolls?—From 200/. to 3001. a year profit—about 250/. ; out of which we pay for collecting.—What was the largest sum given by you for the tolls ?—lt was at the rate of 700/. a year up to the 25th of March, 1832, and it was then lowered.— Have you never varied in your charges from the docket ? No.—What is bran in the docket—have you never varied your charges on bran ?—We do not think we ever have, that we know of ; we charged 10d. per ton on bran. "Mr. Philipps-10d. per ton is id. per cwt. or sack of bran. Have you ever charged Tregaskis 2d. per cwt. for bran-300 per cent. increase ?—We charged for the sacks, but we did not know what was in them. [Two bills were handed in, in the handwriting of Messrs. Ros ser, with their receipt of 2d. per sack for twenty sacks of bran-3s. 4d.] "Mr. T. Edw. Thomas—When Messrs. Rosser rented the tolls of me as Portreeve last year, I gave them a copy of the new docket, and directed them to show it to every person that required it. Commissioner—Have you taken any steps to give publicity to the public of the rate of charges, by printing it ? Mr. T. Edw. Thomas—The new docket has not been published. Commissioner—The corporation are to blame for not having published their docket; they have thus afforded their servants an oppor tunity of overcharging the public. Mess, s. Rosser—We charged one bushel on every hundred of wheat up to three hundred. We charged Is. a hundred on deals. Mr. Philipps—lt is only 4d. in the docket.—We charged 2d. for some articles which were formerly charged 6d. Mr. Philipps—b tallow in either of the dockets ?—No. What did you charge for casks of tallow ?—We cannot say unless we could see the casks. We charged what we thought to be reasonable. Is canvass in the docket ?—No. What do you charge for canvass? —We charged according to the Bristol and London freights; id. on Is. freights from London, and Id. on every Is. on the Bristol freights. " Mr. Cock—They charged me 2d. per box for candles; I paid only 10d. freight." The corporation of Swansea has a number of l charters, but the Recorder, T. Thomas, Esq., steward to the Duke of Beaufort, calls it a char ter by prescription, and it appears that it is a corporation by charter and a corporation by prescription, just as it suits the views of the men in power. The corporation appeared to be in debt about 23,0001. The following evidence of Mr. Davies, the treasurer, will partly explain why the corporation, notwithstanding large re venues, are so much in debt : " Mr. Philipps—Do you recollect an election at Cardiff, in which Mr. Ludlow, the auditor of the Duke, was a candidate, in the year 1820?—Yes; he is one of the Alderman of Swansea. Who paid his expenses of the election ?....The corporation paid 3111. for the conveyance of burgesses to Cardiff an d b ac k, an d t h e i r ma i ntenance there; several gentlemen went at their own expense. There were ten shillings given to each of the Loughor burgesses to go to - • - Reform Bill, a deputalio MA The bulk of the burgesses voted for Mr. Ludlow In the elections previous to the and Loughor always went from the boroughs of Swansea their own expenses and tothe Cardiff to vote ; some paid sum was paid for law charges ?...Mt I the rest. What to the Recorder in the last three years l'o'3roolaiw. was paid When orders for payments are made at a Common Hall, I must obey them." Carmarthen is a corporation by charter. The last, the governing one, granted in 1761, recites all the rest. In this corporation there are 178 resident burgesses and 468 non-resident, and in effect " the non-resident burgesses destroy the voice of the resident freemen and inhabitants." The following evidence is highly instructive in this respect : " Mr. Geo. Thomas—Why, Sir, the effect is this, that people who have no interest in this borough come here to vote, and exercise privileges, or abuse them, at the beck of the party in power. An instance of this kind took place on last Charter day, when Sir John Owen and others, non resident burgesses, voted for three several orders for payment of money, the first of which was for defraying the costs of an action brought against two magistrates, for false imprisonment, about ten years ago. The second was for the costs of a prosecution against the Welshman, by the late Mayor of this borough. The third was a case in which an action was brought by a young man against Mr, Saunders, a magistrate of this borough, for an assault, and a verdict was returned against him, damages 101 The Learned Judge decided that he (Mr. S.) did not act in his capacity of magistrate, and notwithstanding this, these out-voters came he-e last Monday, and voted the money of the corporation away. I demanded a poll upon each order separately, but the Mayor refused, and the distant burgesses were allowed to vote for three orders in a lump, which was done by Sir John Owen, and several others, one of whom admitted that he had not heard the orders read, and did not, of course, know what he was voting for. In consequence of this course being adopted, I threatened the Mayor with a criminal information if he signed the orders, and advised my friends not to poll at all, unless the orders were taken separately, and none of our party did poll. " Commissioner—And did the Mayor sign the orders? —Mr. Thomas—H e did, and they were entered upon the Common Hall hook before it was brought to the Hall. " Commissioner to Mr. Rogers—Why was this money paid, and on what grounds ?—:l3ecause he acted in his capacity of magistrate. " Commissioner—No, that cannot be, or else the Judge would have nonsuited the plaintiff. "Mr. Rogers—We intended then to move for a new trial ; but I don't know that we shall now. " Commissioner—How does this Magistrate vote?— For the Corporation. " Commissioner—lf you voted for all three orders at once, it is a most improper way of voting. " Commissioner to Mr. Rogers—Now, if this Magis trate had voted against the Corporation at the last election, would this order have been made ?—I think not." The evidence as to the mode of adminis tering justice in this borough of Carmarthen is really quite astounding. There is a Mayor's Court, for instance, but it was stated that Judp,e and Jury are partisans, and the clerks, even in the office of Town Cleric, practise, and then tax their own bill of costs, and the Jurors arc all summoned on one side. The following evidence was given respecting Juries : " Juries—Mr. William Rogers (ex-Sheriff) examined —Who selects the Jury for the General Sessions and Assizes ?—The Sheriffs. How is it done ?—The names are selected from the list of burgesses. How does he select them? The two Sheriffs select sixty, who are em pannelled, out of which twelve are chosen, who act as jurors. Who summons the Jury for the Fortnight's Court ?—The Town Cleric. " The Commissioner proceeded to go over the list of the Jury of the last Spring Assizes, several of whom were labourers, &c. " Mr. Rogers examined—How many labourers serve on each Jury ?—Perbaps one. If all the inhabitants of the town were allowed to serve on Juries, would such Juries be more respectable ?—They would. Do your Juries generally form a party of partisans ?—Most un questionably. Have you ever known the improper ac quittal of a burgess, by a Jury of burgesses ?—Certainly. " Mr. George Thomas here referred to the circum- stances of the last Lent Assizes, when he was indicted. The Grand Jury were 20 in number, composed of parti- sans, all of one party except three—the Foreman being one of the committing Magistrates, another the son of another committing Magistrate, and a third the brother of another. Mr. Thomas handed in the list, and called upon the Corporation side to contradict his statement. They were, however, silent. The Common Jury Pannel was chiefly composed of the Corporation party, in the proportion of four to one, the majority of whom were violent and strenuous supporters of the Corporation. At the last Assizes, an action was to have been tried against the Magistrates; but in consequence of the Jury being packed, notice of trial was countermanded, and a delay of justice has taken place. " The Commissioner called over the list of the Spring Assizes with Mr. Rogers, when the immense number of corporation jurors forming such a tremendous contrast, excited much laughter. "Commissioner—There were only twelve Blues selected out of sixty, and two who did not vote. The rest were all declared by Mr. Rogers to be corporation men. Such a jury is monstrous ; and there can be no doubt that it is highly improper that these burgesses should serve at all on jurie., for both the pannels were of that partial charac. ter that no justice could be expected. " Mr. George Thomas—That was the jury summoned to try me upon four indictments, two for capital offences. It is no wonder that such a grand jury, 17 to 3, found bills, and had I been tried by the borough petit jury, there could have been no doubt of my conviction ; hut the judge ordered the case to he tried by a county jury, and I was acquitted." One deviation from justice leads to all manner of deviations from justice, as, according to the common saying, one lie requires a hun dred to support it. The want of responsibility to the inhabitants by those who govern neces sarily leads to all manner of frauds and peculations to support the usurpers. Thus the people are taxed, not for public objects, but to support a party who oppress them. To keep up out-voters and the rent of the machinery by which the inhabitants arc deprived of their rights, the public money is diverted from the proper channels. Tt►e following evidence is most instructive on this head : " What is the Admiralty Court?--It is at present a mere form. The Mayor, attended by a band of music goes once a year, and holds hi s C ourt on b oar d a vessel , where he summons a Jury to report all nuisances and eb. structions in the river. Is there any money expended by the Corporation on this river ?—Not a farthing. Are there tolls exacted ?—There are for landing at the quay, called Water Bailiff Fees. What is the name of the Water Bailiff?—Thomas George. Who appointed him ?—The Corporate Body. "Mr. Thomas Rogers, Custom-house officer—The river is in a very bad state, vessels have been allowed to throw their ballast into it. "Mr. William Philipps—There has not been a shilling expended on the river for forty years, and the obstructions have accumulated. There is a toll imposed upon large vessels, from 7e. to 15e. at the option of the Water Bailiff. " Mr. John Williams attempted to defend the neglect of the Corporation, but the Commissioner said it was quite preposterous to make such excuses, because if they were in earnest to do the town good, they would at once go to work, and not expend their money on out-voters," But we might go on for ever were we to attempt to give even an outline of the mons trous abuses perpetrated under these usurping self-elected bodies. It is not without reason that the enemies of all good government were so peculiarly inimical to these Corporation In quiries. They knew that the exposure would annihilate the monstrous system ;—that an indignant country, on being made acquainted with the working of the system, would call loudly for its abolition. Corporations can only be of benefit to the country when those who act under theta are responsible to their respective communities. When the few are allowed to tyrannize over the many, the result must always be peculation, deep injury to the interests of the community, and a partial administration of jus tice. Th e greater the oppression, the greater the difficulty of obtainnig redress ; for, by the mone y taken from the people, they are enabled to hold them at defiance in Courts of Law and Equity. —Morning Chronicle. The violent tone in which the Ministerial papers now attack the Russian policy, as being incessantly directed to the establishment of an insolent control or secret influence in all other nations of Europe, forms a remarkable contrast to the deferential and, sometimes, eulogistic style in which those journals used to speak of the Cabinet of St. Petersburg!) for a consider able time after the Whig Ministry came into office. Yet Russian policy is the same thing both in spirit and complexion now that it was then. The same jealousy and hatred of liberal institutions in every country of Europe—the same persecuting malice against all political im provement—the same indefatigable intrigue and grasping ambition characterise the Russian Go vernment at this day, when our Ministerial journals so fiercely assail it, as distinguished it at the time when it received the tribute of their servile admiration and fulsome praises. We recollect when the expression of a doubt upon our part of the sincerity of the Russian Government, in pretending to be most anxious to arrange and settle, to the satisfaction of all parties, the Belgico-Dutch question, was accustomed to be met by the inso lent sneers of the Ministerial Journals, followed up by panegyrical allusions to the " honourable conduct" and " good faith" of the Russian Go vernment, which it was stigmatized as almost high treason in us to suspect. If the Ministerial Journals have altered their tone in relation to the great Northern Power, in pursuance of instruc tions from the Treasury, it shows that our Whig Ministers are at last beginning to open their eyes to the evil consequences of the weak and truck ling course of policy which has distinguished our political relations with Russia ever since their accession to office. But we fear they have become wise too late. To ingratiate themselves with the Autocrat they allowed Poland to be sacrificed, in violation of a solemn treaty, to which the name of England was signed; for the same unworthy purpose they induced a servile Parliament to vote away millions of the gold of the people of Great Britain, as a bribe to Russia, under the pretext of the Russo-Dutch Loan, which seasonable supply of British gold enabled the Autoorat to accomplish the destruc tion of Polish independence, and facilitated his schemes of ambition, subsequently, in the East of Europe. Let it also be borne in mind that this money was lavished upon the Russian Despot while Government professed its inability to repeal the Assessed Taxes, to which it stood pledged—both because those taxes had been laid on expressly as war taxes, and because of their own votes against those unequal and most op pressive imposts when out of office. We saw and we said, from the beginning, that our Govern ment was acting with weakness and folly that would bring it into most perplexing embarrass ments, by sitting down in conference with Russia and her despotic allies on the affairs of Belgium. It was the infatuated subserviency of our Go vernment to Russia which gave the Autocrat the bloodless conquest of the Turkish empire. Ministers cannot make out a strong case against Russia without passing sentence of condemna tion on their own policy.—Morning Herald. , MECHANICAL POWER. It is supposed by the generality of mankind that whatever promotes the interests of any particular class of men will be supported by that class. Ex perience is opposed to that opinion. Hugh Myd dleton was allowed to pursue his noble design for supplying London with water amidst doubts and indifference, and assisted when it was too late. Watt was left unnoticed and unaided, and compelled to give his engines to the mine-owners and manu- Facturers who would use them for a portion of the saving they effected. England is not the only un• grateful country. Fulton, who first stemmed the rivers of the New World, received at last some pri vileges, which were afterwards shamelessly cancelled, and his family and posterity are now in poverty on the banks of the Ohio. Many other instances 'night be cited. Winsor, the inventor of the system of lighting with gas, died an impoverished exile in France; and Gurney, who laboured for years to per fect locomotive engines, has been turned out of his own factory to seek his fortune elsewhere. Hancock has received no better treatment; and Ogle, who proved that safety and speed might be combined, has seen his factory possessed by the rich mortgagee, and been refused even to examine the vehicle he brought from Liverpool, in the establishment he had erected and supported. Mr. Babbage, too, after projecting that piece of machinery which approaches nearer than any ether to the results of human intel ligence, and which constitutes a wonder of th e world, sold it to the Government for a small por tion of what it cost, and then was insulted with the offer of the lowest decorative order; thus putting the same value on his labours as on those of an Al derman who brings up an address to the Throne. Quitting this painful subject, it may be observed forcethat the of ell steamle o is f inCornwall, power where h ferroem sixty-seven h eelastic million pounds weight of water have been raised one foot high in a minute. The machinery now a used in vessels is certainly efficient, but its weight and dimensions render it unprofitable, and neither Government nor individuals seem inclined to adopt the most obvious improvements. No one can deny the corrosion from the use of salt water; but al though an ingenious man, named Humphreys, has actually used the same fresh water for three years in the boiler of a steamer between Southampton and Cowes, and the Admiralty are aware of the fact, no means have been adopted to render the discovery available for general purposes. The Steam Navi gation Company are also aware of it, but factious opposition among the Directors has prevented the adoption of an improvement which would have given them pre-eminence over all the establishments of the world. Too much space is occupied in all steam-vessels by the machinery. We know that the same machinery which propelled Ogle and Sumner's carriage to Liverpool would propel a boat of forty horse power. The whole machinery might be comprised in a box five feet square; now it occupies two-thirds of the vessel. The Royal Yacht Squadron have so great a horror of science that, by their laws, any member who possesses a yacht propelled by steam is expelled. This is a law unworthy of the Association. If it was their wish and intention to support the maritime ascen dancy of England, they ought to have held out re wards and honours for him who could propel a ves sel with the greatest speed, the lightest and safest machinery, and without smoke. So great do we consider their power, we are convinced that, if they rescinded their law, and stood forth in this manner as the supporters of science, they would deserve the thanks of the country, and do much towards hasten ing the perfection of locomotion by sea. If people can travel on the common roads without smoke or steam, their machinery would produce the same result on the ocean. If a boiler was objected to, Howard has an engine at work without a boiler, and the fire is contained in a close metal box. This engine cannot be worked at much beyond ordinary pressure, from quicksilver being used to rgulate the heat; but it ought to be tried, and brought into c ompetition with others. A race of six or eight of such vessels, to be propelled without sails, without smoke or steam, and without being subject to the vibratory motion, would be both interesting and useful. The vibratory motion does not arise from the back water ; but from the blows of the pad dles as they strike the water. If they entered edge ways and came out edgeways, the motion would be imperceptible. Until great improvements are intro duced, steam-ships for war are extremely defective. If the chimney of a steam-frigate were to be shot away, the vessel would become a log in the water, very likely to catch fire. If a shot were only to strike her boiler, and not preforate it, the boiler would leak at every rivet, and be worthless; if the shot penetrated, the probability is that the people below would be smothered or scalded to death. The boiler in present use is too much exposed. It should be so compact, that it may be fixed very low down, and be rendered quite secure from shot by being be low the water, and surrounded by shot-proof sub stances. If properly constructed the nitrogen tube would be so small as to run less risk than the pre sent chimney of being shot away, and there should be provision for shipping another if it were cut away close to the deck; if a few feet above it the injury would not be perceptible. The engines and boiler would be protected by the same materials, and if such a vessel had the power to condense and heat air they might pour such broadsides that no ship could swim for ten minutes opposite a steam frigate of 800 tons. Should another war ensue, no army will be without some locomotive vehicles to he propelled by steam. The machinery may be easily secured against musketry or grape, and the top sides also. There are gallant spirits enough to be found who would steer them. Suppose one of these vehicles, containing 200 men, rushed at a square of infantry, drawn up on a road like that which bisected Waterloo, and was followed by ca valry, the square would be broken through as if made of paper. What must ensue is evident. If the ground were hard, so that the wheels had a ful crum, columns would be scattered like pea sticks. The weight of the vehicle to do such desperate mischief need not exceed a twelve-pounder and its apparatus. The Earl of Dundonald has lately made some very successful experiments with rotatory engines applied to carriages and boats. If the members of the Royal Yacht Squadron were embued with the same scientific spirit as Lord Dundonald we should soon see vessels, like swans or flying fish, darting over the surface of the waters. It has been re peatedly shown that railways can never compete with canals for the transport of very heavy goods. If canal property was efficiently managed it might, in every instance, compete with railways in this respect, when they are placed in juxta-position. The rate of speed on the Ardrossan and other canals, though upwards of ten miles an hour, is not its maximum; it is limited by the speed at which the horses can continue the exertion. The use of horses in canals may be dispensed with altogether, and by the introduction of steam power a maximum of speed hitherto deemed impossible may be accomplished in canals which are adapted for it. The outcry about the banks of canals is "much ado about nothing." If boats were commodious and well conducted, the majority of persons would prefer travelling by them, as on the Ardrossan, where 67,000 people have walked half a mile, rather than pay the extra three halfpence by the coaches. There is one piece of machinery long known, but just struggling into existence, which, like some unexpected blessing, will for a long time give a mercantile superiority to England. This is the mode of transferring power. As our object is to convey information in the simplest form, we will first state one or two facts through which the chain of reasoning may be more readily followed. The air presses on every square inch exposed to it, the weight of 151bs. It is clear that if a vacuum be formed on one side of a sur face, the edges of which fit so close to an external box as to prevent any air passing, that if the vacuum be perfect, the number of pounds pressing on the side opposite to the vacuum will be fifteen times the number of square inches of the area. On that simple principle depends the working of the beautiful ma chine to which we allude. Suppose a mountain tor rent so situated that it cannot be. conveniently made use of, the water, by this machine, can be conveyed through swamps and over precipices, to the manu factory where it is required. Water-wheels are made to work exhausting pumps; to these pumps a pipe is attached, which is exhausted of air by their working, and the air continually entering on the other side forms the pressure desired. The com munication u ith the vacuum is then changed to the side which contains the air, and the reciprocating motion being obtained, it is converted in the usual way to rotatory. Thus, at the distance of miles, the primary power is transferred by this simple yet philosophical principle. Ships by this power may be cleared of their cargoes at half the expense arid in half the time. Had the proprietors of St. Katha rine's Docks established it by the water of the Thames they would have doubled their dividends; but im mense expense was incurred for engines little used, and cranes not half so efficient. When the Mersey is made use of for this mighty purpose the Corpo ration of Liverpool may let out power, and mete it, too, as the Companies do gas. The Mint works of Utrecht anti Brazil are, perhaps, the finest pieces of machinery in the world, and they are both worked by the vacuum machines constructed by John Hague, who has a patent for the application. Fos ter, of Stourbridge, has one at work 600 yards down a mine. As we never had an anchor properly fagotted in any of our dockyards, the Government would do well to have some of these machines brought into use for worlfing tilt hammers. In conclusion, it should be remembered that machinery cannot be put together like the framing of a Louse. The ingenuity of England and the wealth of the Bank could not construct such vessels and weapons as we have spoken of in less time than many months. We have heard that both France arid Russia have had agents here contracting f o r such machinery. W e have given the warning, and trust that it will not be unlieeded.—Abridged from the United Service Journal. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HO USE. A ticket-porter was charged under the following curious circumstances :—A gentleman who had been at the Ship Tavern, in Water-lane, was about to leave it in a coach, and ordered the waiter to take his luggage. The waiter was, however, prevented by the ticket-porter, who insisted upon carrying the luggage by virtue of his privilege. The gentleman then said that he would carry his own luggage, and accordingly took it up for that purpose, but the ticket-porter insisted that his privilege extended to the power of preventing a person from carrying his own. The landlord did not like to see his customer insulted, and interfered, but was pushed about by the ticket-porter. The ticket-porter denied that he prevented the gentleman from carrying his own luggage, but ad mitted that he had opposed the waiter. The landlord said that the gentleman was so an noyed at the interference of the defendant, who was for pulling his property out of his hands, that he actually knocked the ticket-porter down.--(A laugh.) Mr. C. Pearson, who was present on other busi ness, assured the Lord Mayor that he had heard the old Recorder (Mr. Knowlys) say that a gentleman could not carry a lady's reticule for her if the ticket porters objected. The landlord of the Ship tavern stated, that the moment a carriage drove up to his door, fifty or sixty of the ticket porters surrounded it, and pre vented even the owners from touching their own property. He was greatly infested by them. The LORD MAYOR—I shall send the case to the sessions, as the subject of the privileges is very little known to me. BOW-STREET. CHARGE AGAINST AN EX-POLICE3IAN.—ThonuIs Wray, who was examined on a former occasion on a charge of unlawfully disposing of a part of his po lice uniform, was yesterday again in attendance to undergo a re-examination; when,after evidence had been heard, Mr. HALLS informed the defendant that it was his intention to convict him, and that if he did not consider himself justly treated, it was in his power to appeal. His sen►ence was, that he should pay a fine of twenty shillings to the King, and a further sum of twenty sh►llings, the value of the clothes. In default of payment of these sums, he should commit him to the House of Correction for one month. The defendant expressed his intention to appeal, but not having his bail in attendance, he was lock up until it should arrive. MARLBOROUGH-STREET. , " BILL'S BIRTH-DAY."—Robert Short an d u Roberts, a brace of tailors, were yesterday brat': before Mr. CHAMBERS, charged with having ao saulted Mrs. Sarah B r o w n, and her first' lodger, Wm. Tew. Itsf s The complainant Tew, who appeared to go , sustained the most damage, occupied a room in s Brown's house, whi c h was un f ortuna tely 541 101 exactly beneath the apartment rented by Short i 00 his family. This proxi m ity was ver y un desireb s o, more accounts than one, but especially boat t bot Short did not conduct hi s d omes ti c duties wit Is , regard to peace and d e co rum w hi c h was likel1;.1 of crease either the good-will or the good W ho re Mrs. Tew. On Tuesday evening Mr. Short .a c i v es to have a tea-party, who conducted theni t i, during the evenin g w i t h suc h uproar ious isn that, a: Mrs. Tew was poorly in bed, he (o'l4 plainant) thought hituselfjustified in meati s :ipi the matter to Mrs. Brown, the landlady, who be herself been incommoded by the noise, took I °olo port unity of accosting the defendant Roberts/ 0 0 was one of the guests, with a request t h a t he Ave§ ask the party above to cont r i ve t o amuse thea:S o d with less vociferation. Roberts informed his Pi l ch of the admonition he had just received, upon /to Mr. Short, b e ing about " h a lf s p rung ," went stairs to vindicate his right to doing and °lt o what he pl e as e d in hi s own room — w hich being warmly questioned by Mrs. Brown, e°4 die by the complainant Tew, both defendants ee'lkt argument short by pitching right and left iot ° o o Tew, whom they tumbled on the floor of ki s room, and after capsizing a sideboard of glassescor crockery, proceeded to pummel the prostrate e ta plainant until Mrs. T., who was then in bedje lli h t g e our, threw up th e w i n d ow , an d ca ll e d i n a Po man. The defendant Short, whose size and breati t ", figure betokened an incarnation of double the slo, her of tailors, said to be required as the agar of one man, declared the complainant (TeW)o* struck the first blow. The f ac t o f t h e m atter h d that Tuesday was the day on which his son completed his tenth year, and wishing to confer eg per honour on this auspicious event, he had 01 4 41 a party of juveniles in the neighbourhood to l o g and spend the evening at his lodgings. Metri tt li to the defendant Short's account, he did the !;Og that was handsome on the occasion—prOV l A plenty of muffins and milk and water for the rot ones, and producing something a little s t r onger t e the latter beverage for the full-grown During the evening the children certainly did on their gambols with great spirit, but he de cl no ll there was no further noise m a d e th an what naturally be produced from about a dozen jeve s h ie with their pappas and mammas engaged atilt t o romps. The defendant Tew having t h ou ght "' r e insult one of his visiters, he went down stairs l e o monstrate, but having got from words to blowh eg o complainant certainly did get a thrashing bev e i liP them. The landlady having given a sonfewb st •der ferent complexion to the matter, by raising 00 ; e n d' able doub t a s to th e p er f ect so b r i ety o f the d ei t ifi ants, Mr. Chambers advised all p ar ties to r e " and settle matters, as he should, on the apPee r of a second magi s t ra t e , i m p ose a fine of 40s. for e assault. tbt All parties complied with th e a d v ice, all 0 .errns of pacification having been agreed uP °ll/ defendants were discharged. THE MARKETS. COAL MAR: Per Ton. S. d. s.dair's 15 6 14 6 East Percy... . 16 0 Ellison Low Alain 14 3 Ord's Itr4lllllo 14 6 Pontop Windsor 15 0 Ili 6 Vownley l4 6 West Hartley 17 0 Wylam W.E. B. 11, Robson, & Co. 17 0 Walls End Bewicke & Co. 18 9 W.E. Clarke and 15 6 Walls End 18 0 Walls End 16 9 Ships arrived since XT.—Oct. 16. '1 Per Ton. 16 Walls End Hotspur....o# 6 6 Ditto Killingworth Walls End Newmarch,.... 1 6 Ditto Northumberland., j g A Walls End Riddell's j g Walls End Braddyll's... « 1 9 Walls End Hetton j 9 W. E. Russell's Hetton" j g A Walls End Stewart's...« jg Walls End Adelaide j 9 ' 6 Walls End Tees 1 8 0 Hartley # Llangennech c0a1...... 0 "" 20 6 Neville's Killingworth Trader last market-day, 17. I ____O COUNPRY CORN MARKETS DURING TIIE f . Wheat. Barley. Oats. 2V°.' ---- .--- to t: Per Quarter. s. to s, s. to g. S. to S. „ a ° ' , Abingdon 62 81 31 43 22 30 0 ' ,' .... 10 Andover ...--.... 50 61 24 28 •"' Birmingham--.. 56 58 30 40 16 ..... Bridport .. 56 74 32 36 26 23 30 Cirencester..,..,... — 46 56 25 30 20 ...." ff ... Paringdon...-- 54 86 36 40 26 3! _., Guildford ............... 48 74 23 ..32 26 30 - 44: Henley , 54 83 30 35 20 30 Hereford 64 68 32 34 22 28 _,." 46 Highw o r t h ............ 62 80 32 42 213 3 4 - Maidenhead —.— 4,-, 36 56 68 34 44 22 ~- M0nin0uth..........,.. 66 68 32 36 24 2 8 ....-- ; [leading ..........—.. 40 66 22 36 14 2 6 36 )t 5a1i5bury.,............ 44 53 26 30 20 24 ...., 0 Southampton ... 54 58 33 40 28 3 2 - ."-. 0 Stroud 64 78 37 38 22 32 . if Tewkesbury ......., 65 74 30 42 30 38 . 40 Uxbridge ............... 48 74 26 34 20 26 ;4 0 Wantage.....w..... 58 80 27 32 17 23 3; 0 Warminster...—. 46 59 26 30 20 25 0 Wind50r...—........ 59 21 2 2 ,....... J .. / „ ..... ' Worcester--.. 50 57 30 32 24 32 • LEWES 51A1t 0 KET.—Oct. 15. co / 016 it White Wheat (per quarter)......—.X2 14 0 to ~- 4 t; Red ditto 2 R 0 _ .. - -------- LEWES MAR 0 KET.—Oct.ls. .c,-; e 16 White Wheat (per quarter) X 2 14 oto ... 14 o iled ditto ...--.. 2 8 0 ' 13 Barley Oats, New --......-................... V.. 0 18 6 I S - Pease ..1 13 0 o lio A. Oil Cake. New l2 0 0 per CHELTENHAM ~tl. MA RKEL—Oct. 1 5 . 4t o I Per lb. a I Beef 0 I Pork LambMotr t k t Mutton n . ... .. 0 0 1 Veal .......... , to 31. 15 . 5. bd. per ton. 0, Fa o WO Butter, 16oz. ......... . r , 0 d 0 Beef, Eggs :e 2 r . 137:,; * : Mutton, per lb ...... .. '6 4 0 ' Veal 0 ° Q iartern Loaf Per Bushel. s. d. to s. d, Wheat Barley 3 6 4 0 Oats 26 36 Beans Pease Hay.............5i. 10s. DUMFRIES M RKETS.—Oct. 9. s. d. s.d. Wheat, Imp. Bush 6 0 037 6 Barley ... . Oats 2 0 2 6 Flour, 111 b. 3 0 3 4 Oatmeal 1 6 1 9 Potatoes, cwt. MEETINGS OF CREDITORS 4 1 4 , AT THE COURT, BASINGHALL-sTRD' (From the London G aze tt e .) A ll TO-MORROW, Oct. IS. 9' '' 9 li R. Armistead, str aw .h a t- manu ta c t urer , Liverpool ..... . i T. Richardson and Co., printers, High ° Holborn ............ 9 J. Johnson and Co., linen-drapers, Warwick ............ •". 9 4 J. Howard, victualler, St. Mary-at-Hill ...................... •;;, „ V T. Hemings, bacon-dryer, Great George.street, P" g - ... mondsey ........... . ..................................................... 1 1 G. Rounthwaite, hotel-keeper, Bear-street, Leice°' .. 9 , square ................................................................... ,07 DIVIDEND& 1 G. Crooks, baker, Anglesea-place, Limehouse ............... G. Dean, tallow chandler, Maidstone ...................... J. B. Baker, tailor, Conduit-street, Bond-street. .......... ogg leo 00 f i E a nCtiri outhouse , N N a o t Fa A far F m o n x e . a — r : or :W s :0? ago, a fox descended by means of a small open i° Lo Aig roof T o l I I 1 0 n or in which 16 geese were kept, and killed them a..'„ 0 4 4 finished this work of slaughter, Re nard found ",01,,:i sible to effect his retreat by the way Y he bad eli te ' re ''' ' t bit upon the following expedient to reach the °11 0 1411 ,0 which was discovered the next morning, 0 11 1 101 r i ot opening the door to let out the geese. The f° l ii‘e° I their dead carcasses one upon another, and thus , " bee / sanguinary heroes, over a mountain of the slettre o ceeded in reaching the aperture and secured b i° '" York Herald. ■---------- 11‘ BIRTHA y rP ir° On the 14th inst., at Great Cressingham Rect or y the lady of the Rev. T. Cecil Hall, of a son. „ t oile"' On the 15th inst., of a daughter, Mrs. Thomas `'" top , i oC e5 MARRIED. ° e On the 6th of February, at St. John's Church. 113 , i1 cliti co te the Rev. Rowland Richard Davies, A. 8., Col°°l oq• VI , to Maria, eldest daughter of William Lytt l e ton,:i s ect, 73d Regiment), Police Magistrate of Launces ton 01 Diemen's Land. ~ rharn, CO;11111 On the 14th inst., at Lamesley Chapel, . 11 ' Son' Yorke, R.N., and M.P. for Cambridgeshire, to the Liddell. _., fi lel' DIED. t f a rlo`" On the 16th inst., at his seat, Moor Hall, _, tO; Thomas Perry, Esq., of Bryanston.square. Bsth ISPO On the 14th inst., at Speenhamland, in b er fl-tie, v. Hon. Mrs. Bertie, widow of the Hon. Peregrine ide' th f i l l, to e late Earl of . On the 13th inst., Abi George, ngdon the only son o f Ge°rge W Esq., of Market Harborough. PHINTED AND PUBLisiiED BY RDO SUN OFFICE, 114 STRAND, H • ° fi It, h . Ae tt: US T % 1 Wi t h N' t h , t 11 14 4 4 ep 11 1 11 : Z e ttiy f o ] k i di nt °Rt . , at 11. ao p.,