The Sun. — London, England, 1864-05-26 00:00:00

THE DERBY DAY, The anniversary of our " Isthmian Games," as Lord Palmerston once called them in proposing the usual motion of adjournment over the Derby Day, was celebrated yesterday with as great enthusiasm as in any other of the 85 years which have elapsed since an ancestor of the present Lord Derby first founded these famous stakes. The occasion, always possessing a fascination for Londoners, in this in stance exercised special attractions, for, like the, phllosophers of old, their information extended to the point of enabling them to see how little they really knew of the chances of the race. Gclod horses in unusual numbers were believed to be among the starters ; but in many instances there had been no opportunity of forming from previous perform ances a satisfactory estimate of their capabilities. The oracles were duly consulted, but their answers were most ♦ague and conflicting. When they did venture upon any prediction they invariably be came blind leaders of the blind, and some of them had the honesty to stand on the defensive, and re fuse to give any binding prediction whatever. The truth appears to be that these so called " prophets," like the detective pelice, can take their tone boldly enough when " acting upon information they have received ;" but lacking the inspiration to be found within the circles in which they move and have their being, they are very dumb doge indeed. The wise ones being completely at fault, the science of bookmaking approached more nearly than usual to an honest occupation; and those who determined to give themselves up to the pleasures of the day— more in number by some thousands than ever before assembled on Epsom Downs—carried with them the knowledge that the great contest would prove a perfect lottery. The route to the Derby presents the choice of the road or the rail; to speak more accurately, of several roads and several rails. Along the former, clouds of dust, escorting and almost hiding the vehicles by which they were raised, travelled towards the pleasant course that lies on the verge of Banstead Downs, and poured their converging particles upon its thirsty soil. If it be the lot of every man, as the proverb says, io consume in his time a given quan tity of mother earth before he finally returns to her embraces, the journeyers to Epsom along the high roads may be congratulated on having got through an appreciable share of their allotted task. Dusty, thirsty, heated, tired, but still good-hu moured as when they set out, the occupants of every class of vehicle struggled on to the appointed goal; now making good speed along the level, now toil ing up hill and now scattering like fragments of an Armstrong shell as the equine battery in front pours in a destructive volley of kicks. Pleasant it is to muse on the contents of the hampers perched so knowingly on the roofs of Hansom cabs, travel ling like the extinct race of carriage dogs under stylish four-in-hands, or swelling over and burst. ing, as it were, from the pockets of family traps, dogcarts, excursion vans, &c. Pleasant it is to wit. ewes the confidences and mutual understandings which grow with every mile of the journey, between members of the same party, whether the number be 4 or 40 ; and pleasant it would he to listen to the melodies in front if the individual with the worst ear for music were not invariably selected to play the most defective instrument at command. Pleasant it is to receive kindly nods of encouragement from spectators whom you pass, evidently wishing that they, too, were going to the Derby ; and when, with a smile, some female hand places in yours a viper, which you discover to be a tract, you credit the donor with a desire that, in the midst of en joyment, you should not lose sight of serious things. But pleasant it certainly is not to en counter at a turn of the road two men supporting placard-holders, which exhibit in gaudy colours names and texts of the mcst solemn kind ; one of the men, moreover, delivering himself at half minute intervals of sentiments such as these :—" The race is indeed short," " The way down to the pit is easy," &c. With certain persons religion resolves itself into a systematic attribution of the very worst motives to all their neighbours ; and this looked very like a case in point. The result undoubtedly was that the class whom it was intended to affect by these monitions passed them by unheeded; while others, who felt their value, entertained de cided opinions as to the manner in which they were put forward. These, however, are but wayside incidents. The tide of humanity which began to roll. out of the metropolis at early morning, and was still climbing the hill at Epsom while the bell was ringing for the event of the day, can never be de.. scribed within the limits of a single article. If, indeed, it were possible that this great " Drift" could be petrified, then the task might be performed at leisure, and in detail, otherwise it is well nigh hopeless. But although, dust apart, the high road is far the more enjoyable method of getting to the course, in these days of rapid and luxurious travelling the railways take down numbers vastly exceeding those who drive or are driven. For several hours 10 minute trains were running yesterday, and yet each fresh departure left upon the platform hundreds of passengers, tickets in hand, who were unable to find seats. In the midst of such a concourse those who were going about their ordinary business felt entirely out of place, and tendered their luggage in a deprecatory and apologetic manner. The sight, when once the spectator emerges on the Downs, by whichever route he has come, is always impressive. The grand undulating sweep embraced in the horsehoe course of a mile and a halt is for the most part covered with a living mass of spectators, broken hero and there by barricades of vehicles, stands, and booths, allowing the green surface to appear only in those spots from which no advantageous view can be obtained. As trains arrive and vehicles pour in, the spectators accumu late even more rapidly than the nails in that other horseshoe which to most schoolboys is a hideous arithmetical nightmare. One edge of the course is fringed with canvas edifices, flanking the central building, which tosses its Union J ack high in air in token of its superiority, and further asserts its prerogative by smoking i n a manner indi cat i ve o f good cheer below. All these stands, from the grandest to the smallest, are as full can be, so full that many who have paid their money, and find that seeing in them is a process only less diffi cult than that of breathing—voluntarily retire and t a ke up their places among the throng outside. It i s a s ingular gathering which this free masonry of the turf engenders, The proudest members of the proudest aristocracy pass, it may be jostle, the least cleanly of costermongers at every turn. True, the' cannot occupy the when the racn beg ins, positions which are open to the f ormer ; b ut t ill then they are on a footing of perfect equality. Kindred tastes and congeniality of pursuits have brought them together, for the day at least, and neither is sensible of the slightest incongruit: r. Within the area known as "the Ring" the t: f p es of men are massed together whose faces were sketched inimitably in the " Seven Sons of Mammon." Immediately overhead sit their Royal High nesses the Prince of Wales and the Commander in-Chief. The force of contrast can no further go. But it is two o'clock, and high time to visit the paddock, if a good look is to be ob tained at the competitors, and an estimate formed of their relative merits. The favourites, as usual, are last in appearing, and do little more, indeed, than walk through the paddock on their way to the weighing and saddling post. But some who are desirous of creati ng a favourable impres sion arrive early a n d pace up and down among the spectators, who at this point, owing to the ta r iff and the difficulties thrown in the W a y of o b ta i ning tickets, ore exceedingly select. Birch Broom, His torian, and Peril seem to be the horses creating the beet impression, but the struggle, o f see General Peel, Cembuscan, and Scottish Chief, who at the eleventh hour advanced in favour so wonderfully. It is strange, even in the simpl e operation of moving up and down a paddock, what shades of character are exhibited by different horses. Some, with faces soft and delicate as gazelles, return the spectators' stare in mute surprise. Others fol low their grooms moodily to and fro, switcning their tails, and to all appearance conscious of the work before them. Others object in a decided manner to the crowd which follows them about, and some few require a strong arm and a man's weight upon their backs to keep them from bursting into open rebellion. At one time it seemed as if it were on the point of raining—more er less, indeed, it had been threatening all day—and a TA:Ter of sen sation ran through the assembly. A single shower might revolutionise the conditions of the race. But this waa not to be. The firm leg and the hard hoof rae indispensable—the " brazen hoof," as it won id have been in Homer's time, when there are god reasons for believing that horses were not shod at all. Shortly before 3 o'clock, at the sound of the bell, the whole of the starters advanced to the front of the Grand Stand for their preliminary canter; but the public lingered so affectionately on the racecourse that the jockeys had time to walk nearly to Tatten ham-corner before they had a clear path back again, Among the first to pass the Grand Stand at racing speed was Historian, who had excited so favourable an opinion in the paddock. A horse and rider not in costume accompanied him, and it was understood that this was Catch-em. Alive, a stable companion, ridden by young Day, with the evident object of encouraging Historian's very best paces. Tne other horses followed in qur_ck succession, and the last two to pass the Grand Stand were the favourite, General Peel, and Lord Glasgow's other horse, Strafford, which seemed to have lingered a little that they might have the field to themselves. The favourite's bounding action and the extent of ground covered in his stride confirmed the opinions entertained by his warmest friends, and the ringing cheers which greeted him showed that he had the full sympathy of the moneyed interests. The starting point is now the quarter to which all eyes are turned, and, as usual, a long interval elapses before the starter can make the welcome declaration that they are "away." Some artists were noticed endeavouring to turn this period to good account. One gentleman, who had selected a cab as his basis of operations, was unfor tunate enough to make his preparations on rather too complete a scale, for the floor of the vehicle gave way at the critical moment. On the other hand, a very good instantaneous photograph of " the Start" was obtained by Mr. Herbert Watkins. Other operations not of so legitimate a character were going forward at the same time, met, of course, by counter operations on the part of the police ; and it was understood that the number of pick pockets captured this year bore its due proportion to the largely increased number of spectators. As soon as the members of the force made a capture the delinquent was conveyed to a retired corner, where one of the black caravans stood in readiness to receive him, and, as this filled with tolerable rapidity, it was driven away, and relays of offenders were thus forwarded to town. After three or four false starts the horses, 30 in all, were duly arranged, and the ringing of the bell announced to the public, who had once or twice before been excited by false alarms, that the race was fairly on ; but it was when the horses rounded Tattenham-corner that the spectators began to un derstand the magnificent character of the finish they were about to witness. Ordinarily, the horses have by that time dropped nearly into a string, having a few knots in it, but still a string. There is a glit tering rise and fall beyond the hedge at that point, which affords a means of gauging pace and distance. On this•occasion the horses seemed to roll round the corner in a bundle, and to spin down the hill like so many coloured balls. The pace already tremendcus increased at every moment, and it was not till the horses were fairly abreast of the line of Stands that it could be said to which group victory was likely to incline. Even then there was a little see-sawing, and the excitement and clamour became oppressive. Suddenly it was perceived that a horse which had not been seen in the paddock, though it earned fa vourable notice in the canter past, but which was not clearly identified then, being by many mis taken for Birch Broom, was rapidly passing all the others, and gaining even upon the favourite. This was a tall horse with striking action of its fore legs, and a face prominently marked with white ;in other words, Blair Athol. Still it seemed that General Peel could win easily if he liked ; his long swing ing stride had carried him past everything else, and a single effort seemed all that was necessary to re tain his place. His jockey gave an uneasy glance over his shoulder; he had done and was doing his beet, but Blair Athol, longer in the limb, and with strength better preserved, shot past him after a momentary struggle, an easy winner by two lengths. Mr. Merry's Scottish Chief made a good third ; the others had nearly all pulled in. Even up to the last moment the public faith in the qua lities of Birch Broom was so strong, the colours of his rider being very similar to those of the winner, that it was not till the telegraph spoke that uncertainty on the point was removed. In point of speed the race was most remarkable. As taken by " Benson's Chronograph," the time which it occupied was 2 min. 44 sec., being 8 2.10 th sec. less than was taken to traverse the same course in 1863, and 11- sec. less than in 1862. These races have only been timed for the last 10 or 12 years, and in the year when Blink Bonny, the dam of Blair Athol, achieved her victory, she traversed the course in 2 min. 45 sec., the shortest time of which any record then existed. Hers remained the most rapid performance until 1861, when the Derby was won by Kettledrum in 2 min. 43 sec. It will be seen that there is only the difference of a second between Blair Athol's performance and that of the fastest horse ever known upon the Epsom course. Immediately that the race had concluded persons began to remember the brilliant pedigree of which the winner could boast. Foaled by Blink Bonny, the winner of the Derby six or seven years ago, and in the same week of the Oaks likewise, his sire Stockwell, though prevented from succeeding on the course at Epsom, had won the St. Leger, and also carried off the 2,000 Guineas. We subjoin a more technical account of the day'll sport. WEDNESDAY. The Epsom Town Plate of 50 sous (handicap), for all ages. Winners extra. One mile. Mr Whittaker's Pixie, 3 yrs, sst 71b (J. Grimehaw) 1 Lord Uxbridge's Vabalathus, 3 yrs, bat 121 b.... (Sayers) 2 Count Batthyany's Nucleus, 3 yrs, 6zt 41b (J Smith) 3 Mr Rochester's Alea, 3 yrs, sst 71b (Baker) 4 Mr Hodgman's Humphrey, 5 yrs, Bst 71b (Perry) 5 Mr Cox's Merry Bird, 4 yrs, Tat 71b _ . Betting-5 to 4 agst Pixie, and sto 2 aget Vabalathus. The favourite, in eompany with Vabalathus, made the running, followed by Ales and Nucleus into the straight, where the latter took the second place, but dropped back at the distance, leaving the issue with the two leaders. Pixie held his own to the end, and won easily by a length and a half ; a bad third, Alea fourth, beaten off. The 85 thDerbyStakes of 50 sovs Bach, h ft, for three-yr-olds; colts, Bst 101 b; and fillies, Bst 51b ; second to recei-, 6 1 0 0 sovs out of the s t a k es. Mile and a half, to be new course. 234 su b s. ran - on the W. I'Anson's Blair Athol, Ir• - , rstockwell—Blink Bonny Lord Glasgow's G: Lieral Peel (Snowden) 1 Mr Merry' S' s —ottiah Chief ..... ... s (Aldcroft) 2 Captain , A . Cowper's Knight o ' f'S **** ********* * (J. Adams) 3 Baragah ................... ... : . ( . F (A A sh d m am al s l ) ) 4 0 Fr ,owes' .............. (T. French) C ./ar F. Valentine's Hollyfox Lord Glasgow's Strafford ......... . Mr J. Day's Master Richard ..... .......... (Doyle) 0 ....... J ... (Deacon) C Captain Christie's Warrior ............ (. Grimshaw) C Mr W. Hudson's Cathedral (Whiteley) C Mr Eastwood's Surat ........................ (Buck) C Mr W. G. Craven's Planet ................ . ( , ,,): . i ..•......................... Mr Ten B roec k' s P ar i s ) Mr H. Hill's Copenhagen Mr H. Hill's Ackworth (Judd) Mr E. BrayleVa Outlaw (Cowley) Mr Cart7.right's Ely Lord' Westmoreland's Signalman (S. Adams) I ' Lord Westmoreland's Birch Broom (J. Boater) 1 Mr W. Stewart's Major .. Captain White's Cambuscan ..(J. Mann) Sir a. Hawley's Washington (Wells) Mr Naylor's Appeniae - ..(A. French) Mr Naylor's Coastguard.. Mr Savile's Privateer Sir F. Johnstone's Historian Mr Cathcart's Prince Arthur (J. Osborne) _ Mr T. Robinson's Dormouse (W. Boyce) 0 Mr Hodg.rnan's Valiant (Perry) 0 Mr J. B. Starky's Izaak Walton ........ Betting--9 to 2 agst Scottish Chief, sto 1 agst General Peel, 13 to 2 agst Birch Broom, 7 to 1 agst Carc.buscan, 100 to 8 agst Paris, 100 to 7 agst Blair Athol, 20 to 1 each agst Coastguard and Ely, 28 to 1 agst Valiant, 30 to 1 agst. Baragah, 33 to 1 ant Ackworth, 40 to 1 agst Strafford, 50 to 1 each aget Historian and Prince Arthur, and 1,000 to 15 each abet Copenhagen and Hollyfox. In consequence of the extreme reluctance exhibited by Washington, Master Richard, and Copenhagen, to face the flag, coupled with the breaking away of Valiant, Blair Athol, Mollyfox, Historian, Cathedral, and ono or two others, the start was delayed to within a few minutes of 4 o'clock, when Mr. M‘George was enabled to despatch them on most favourable terms, Warrior, in the centre of the course, being the first in motion, followed by Valiant, Signalman, General Peel next the rails, with Ely, Birch Broom, Scottish Chief, and Baragah lying next, the next division being headed by Illstorian, Paris, Blair Athol, and Mr Naylor's two, and in the rear came Knight of Snowdon, Copenhagen, Strafford, and Major, who were whipped in by Washington, Ackworth, Planet, Outlaw, Privateer, and Dormouse, the last, who was scarcely able to canter, being stopped before they reached the brow of the hill and walked home. On entering the furzes Warrior suddenly disappeared from the front, followed in a few strides further by Signalman, leaving General Peel on the lower side with a slight lead, but who was speedily headed by Ely, who, in company with Bireh Broom, Scottish Chief, and the Major, came on in advance, closely attended by General Peel, Historian, Knight of Snowdon, Cambuscan, Coastguard, and Blair Athol, to the mile-post, when Major fell back, and his place was taken by the Mal ton favourite, who came on in waiting upon the favourites to halfway down the hill, when he joined Coastguard, the pair running in company until fairly round Tattenham Cor ner, when Ely was beaten, and General Peel, apparently full of running, had the lead, closely pressed by Scottish Chief, Birch Broom, Historian, and Blair Athol, the latter biding his time until they crossed the road, when he ran past his horses, and joined the General on the upper ground, followed by Mr. Merry's colt to the distance, where the pair had the latter beaten, and gradually drew away to the enclosure, where Snowdon called upon his horse, who without the slightest effort quitted his opponent and won with the most ridiculous ease by a couple of lengths, the General defeating Scottish Chief by three lengths tor the second money, the latter being three-quarters of a length in advance of Knight of Snowdon, who was half that distance before Cambuscan, Bireh Broom, Ely, and Historian finishing next, within a length of Captain White's colt, close up with whom were Coastguard, Baragab, Paris, and Appennine. The others, who were pulling up as they trotted past the post, ware widely distributed, the last of which wera Warrior, Privateer, Surat, Master Richard, and Major, and a long way in their rear walked in among the dense crowd Dormouse. The net value of the stake was £6,675. The Manor Plate of 50 sous; 3-yr , olds and upwards; weight for age, with certain allowances; the winner to be sold for 200 sows. One mile. Colonel Martyn's Oberon, 3 yrs, 7st 41b (Morgan) 1 Lord Rendelsham's Diomed, 3 yrs, 7st 41b (Mordan) 2 Mr Hart's Loafer, 3 yrs, 7st llb (E. Taylor) 3 The following also ran :—Kingswood, Ostentation, Triumpher, The Tyke, and Humphrey. Betting-100 to 30 each agst Diomed and Oberon, 5 to 1 agst Loafer, and 6 to 1 agst Humphrey. Oberon jumped away with the lead, with Loafer and Diomed lying next, close up, Humphrey coming on fourth, and Triumpher bringing up the rear. Descending the hill Diomed dropped back and Humphrey took third place, the leaders going on with the running to the Stand, where Diomed drew up, but failed to reach Oberon, who won easily by three-quarters of a length, half a length between the second and third, Humphrey was fourth, Kingswood fifth, and Triumpher sixth. Ostentation was left at the post, walked in. The winner was claimed by Lord Rendlesham. The Bentinek Plate of 50 sous (handicap), for all ages winners extra. Three-quarters of a mile. Lord Westmoreland's Cceur de Lion, 3 yrs, 6st (J. Grimahaw) 1 Mr G. Hodgman's Hawkshaw. 3 yrs, Oat 41b .. (Morris) 2 Mr Johnson's Antidote, 4 yrs, 7st (Prior) 3 The following also ran :—Topsy, Amazonian, Bangle, Miss Woolgar, and the Gem. Betting-7 to 4 eget Coeur de Lion, 100 to 30 agst Ama zonian, and 4 to 1 agst Hawkshaw. Hawkshaw jumped off with the lead, followed by Topsy, Cceur de Lion, and Antidote to the half-mile post, where Topsy went to the front for a few moments, Hawkshaw re suming the lead again, and continuing to the Stand, where Coeur de Lion rushed in front, and won cleverly,by a head, three lengths separating the second and third. The Burgh Stakes of 5 sous each, with 30 added ; 2-yr olds and upwards; weight for age, with selling allow ances. Half a mile. 10 subs. Mr H. Goatees Poland. 4 yrs (£o), Bat 51b (J. Goater) 1 Mr R. Law's Duke of Cambridge, 5 yrs (£4O), Bst 61b (T. French) t Mr Henry's Virginia, 3 yrs, (X4O), 7st slb ..(Morgan) t The following also ran :—Decoy,Game Pullet colt, Tom foolery, Dolphin, Dawdle, Lady Fanny Cavendish, and Vesta. Betting-5 to 4 agst Dolphin, 4to 1 agst Dawdle, and 100 to 15 agst Poland. The Duke of Uambridge made all the running to tie Stand, with Poland, Tomfoolery, and Dolphin lying next, where Poland drew to the front and won by a neck, the Duke of Cambridge and Virginia making a dead heat for second place. Vesta's rider broke his stirrup leather at starting and was dismounted—the mare joining the other horses in the race without her jockey. STATE OF TRADE. ----- CARDIFF, May 24.—The East Bate Dock is full of vessels, either taking in or waiting for cargoes, and in order to meet the requirements of shippers the dock is kept working day and night, and the inconvenience caused by the closing of the West Dock is thus materially lessened. There is no lack of demand for either steam or house coal, and the collieries are in active employ, Double screened steam is quoted Ils. to lle. 6d., f.o.b. House coal maintains its price. Coke is in moderate request, the inquiry from Staffordshire being less than was the case a few weeks ago. In the iron trade there is a largs business doing, and the shipments have been considerable this month. The emigration movement has again commenced in earnest, and in consequence of the number that leave at every pay a scarcity of hands is felt at many of the works. Quotations are hardly maintained for iron, and the tendency of the market is rather is favour of buyers. May 25th.—On the whole, the trade of this port has been somewhat dull during the past few days. The injury to the West Dock has been found to be not very extensive, and will be repaired in two or three weeks. The iron trade is some what unsteady, Scotch warrants having gone ep to 595. 9d. cash, and 61s. 6d. open. Bars are quoted at £7 lOs. to £7 153. Freights are gradually in creasing, and to several of the Mediterranean ports the quotation is unusually high. DUNDEE, 24th.—There V'El.3 decidedly a better feeling in the market to-day, and more disposition for business than for some weeks past. The raw material, flax, tow, codilla, and jute continue quiet, and the demand is entirely consumptive. Prices are about the same as formerly. The inquiry for yarns was more active than last week, and a fair business was done in all qualities. Flax and tow sorts were firm at previous prices, but jute yarns are dearer and scarce. The demand for linens has also improved, and orders to some extent were placed to-day at full prices. More might have been had manufacturers been able to undertake the orders within a reasonable time. LEICESTER, 25th.—The hosiery trade is more active this week, business generally being in a healthy and satisfactory state. In the country dis tricts trade remains without much change. Wools are realising enormously high prices, and the mar ket continues very firm, some sorts being hard to purchase. Yarns are extremely dear, and are in fair demand, spinners being well employed and pretty generally working to order. NoTTIMAtAm, 25th.—There has been rather more doing this week in general lace goods. Mechlin qnillings are selling tolerably well, but there is no improvement in other branches of the plain cotton net trade. Silk quiltings and silk Mechlins continue in active request. There is a better demand for Spanish shawls, but very little improvement in the sale of silk laces or edgings. In the meantime stocks of all kinds of goods are kept as light as possible. The German houses are doing but little in consequence of the unsettled state of affairs on the continent. In hosiery there has been a fair amount of business doing during the past few days. Yarns continue high in price, and have no appearance of giving way. 'The building trade in Leeds is in that unsettled state which usually precedes a struggle between the em ployers and the employed. The joiners engaged at the Town Hall in the alterations required for the assizes, taking ad vantage of the urgent character of the work, refused to con tinue at their employment unless certain concessions were made. The master refused to comply with their demand, but the Town Hall Committee were compelled, as a com promise and in order to get the alterations completed, to placard the walls of the town, announcing to the men that what they asked would be agreed to. The maeters, how ever, evidently regarding what had oc,:urred at the Town Hall as preliminary to a general strike, held a meeting, at which they offered to pay the men by the hour, at an ad vanced rate. The men refused the terms offered, and the shops are therefore to be closed this (Wednesday) morning The workmen state that they do not seek so much for in creased wages as for shorter hours, especially on Saturday. —Leeds Mercury. [ADVEWISEMENT I—Holloway's Ointment and Pills— Happy Health.—However provident, however careful man may be, he is still destined to he assailed by sickness, and it is wisdom to be provided with a remedy against such a ca lamity. The ointment and pills discovered by Professor Holloway are acknowledged by every person who has tried them to possess the highest merits in curing all outward diseases and other maladies resulting from violence, expo sure, mineral poisons, or scrofulous taints. This ointment heals all descriptions of ulcers and subdues inflammations. These pills purify and strengthen—and thus even in mode rately good health occasional dces of them prove highly beneficial by their tendency to preserve the body from im purities and weaknesses, whence serims a'll'ventn frequently arise. THE SUN, :LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 26, 1864.7 HEALTH OF THE METROPOLIS, (From the Registrar General's Weekly Return.) The returns of London show an increase of more than 100 in the deaths of the week that ended last Saturday over those of any of the three previous weeks. The number in last week was 1,421. The average number of deaths in the 20th week of 10 years 1854-63 is, with a correction for increase of population, 1,240. The actual number is in excess of the estimated amount by 178. The deaths of persons under 20 years of age rose from 636 in the previous week to 690 last week ; and those of persons 60 years old and upwards rose from 240 to 287. The increase extent among young persons is to a consi derable caused by mea s l e s, the fatal cases of which rose from about 50 to 87. There were 65 deaths referred to typhus, typhoid, and gastric fever, &c. _ Scarlatina Pentonville, v very prevalent in Smith's place, some time past. In the sub • en to n has ine been for district of Pentonville a young child died from measles at 56, Southampton -street ; a girl from low fever at 16, Chapel-street; a boy from scarlatina at and a boy an d g i r l from typhus 2, Smith's-place; at 20, Ann-street. Out of five deaths in the south sub-district of the City of London, four were caused by measles. There were six deaths from measles in the sub-district of Shadwell. Measles is also very prevalent in the sub-district of St. Mary, St. George in-the-East, in which five children died from it. There were eight deaths from the same disease in Islington, four in the sub-district of Gray's-inn lane, seven in the sub-district of St. Andrew Eastern (Holborn), and four in that of the City-road. Six deaths from typhus were return by the registrar of Bow. Four cases of murder were registered in the week, three of which were infanticide. Last week the births of 918 boys and 896 erls, in all 1,814 children, were registered in London. In the ten corresponding weeks of the years 1854- 63 the average number (corrected) was 1,915. At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean height of the barometer in the week was 30.013 in. The mean daily reading was above 30in. on four days. The reading rose to 30.11 in. on Wednesday, and fell to 2981 in. on Friday. The mean tempera ture of the air in the week was 61.8 deg., which is 8.8 deg. above the average of the same week in 43 year (as determined by Mr Glaisher). The highest day temperature was 81 deg. on Wednesday. The lowest night temperature in the week was 45.3 on the previous day. On the 6th of May, 1862, the temperature rose to 81.5 deg., a more remarkable temperature as occurring early in the month. The range in the week was 35.7 deg. The highest point attained by a thermometer in the sun was 128.2 deg. ou Weduesday. The difference between the mean dew point t em p era t ure a nd air temperature was 10.2 deg. Oa M on d a y it was as great as 13.2 deg. The mean degree of the humidity of the air was 70, complete saturation being represented by 100. The air was remarkably dry on the first six days. On Monday the humidity was only 62. On Monday and Tuesday the wind was in the east; on Wed nesday in the north-east and south-east. There was no rain till Saturday when the amount which fell was 0.22 in. The temperature in the shade rose to 80 deg. on Friday; and between 10 o'clock on the evening of that lay and 1 o'clock on the morning Of Saturday a severe thunderstorm occurred. A tree in Greenwich Park was struck by the lightning. The deaths in Vienna, as returned by Dr. Mater, were 470 in the week ending May 14, when the mean temperatnre was 534 deg., that at Green wich haviqg been 71.7 deg. Melancholy Boat Accident, On Friday a party of five took an excursion into Wales, crossing the river Dee from Parkgate to 133 gilt, in Flintshire. The party consisted of Mr. Thomas Joseph Johnson, proprietor of the Peng wern Arms Hotel, or boathouse, at Parkgate; his brother, Mr. Joseph Johnson, a landing waiter at Liverpool; Mr. J. F. Crossnaan, secretary to the Liverpool Licensed Victuallers' Association ; and Mr. J. H. Holland and Mr. F. Holland, brothers of Chester, who had been staying at Parkgate during the last fornight making a survey of the channel of the Dee. Their intention was, if possible, to return with the same tide. The weather was, however, so calm that upwards of an hour and a half was occupied in crossing, and, finding that they could not return by that tide, the party landed at Baz.ilt and walked to Halywell, where they spent the day. At 10 o'clock the company left 13Agilt in the boat on their return to Parkgate. The boat made a rapid passage, but on arriving within a short distance of the Cheshire side it was found that the jetty was covered with the tide, which was just beginning to ebb, and the wind having freshened considerably a heavy swell rendered it imprud en t to attempt to get alongside the river wall. T he boat accordingly lay-to fot about an hour, awaiting the receding of the tide. It was then determined to endeavour to effect a landing in a punt which lay , at anchor a short distance from the shore, and which it was thought would be more manageable. One of the gentlemen, it is said, called out that the punt Would not Carry them all with safety, but this inti mation of danger seems to have been disregarded, and five persons, including R. Evans, the boatman, got on board. Mr. Thomas Johnson, who weal a stout heavy man, was the last to leave the larger vessel, and no sooner had he placed his foot on the side of the punt than the little craft capsized, and the whole party were precipitated int o the water. Thonals Johnson, a y oung man, eldest son of Mr. Thomas Johnson, was standing on the espla nade waiting the arrival of his father and his friends, and witnessed the accident, but, in conse-, quence of the strong current that was running could render little or no assistance to the unfortu nate persons who were struggling in the water. Mr. J. H. Holland, who had remained in t he lar g e boat, jumped into the water and swam to assistance of one of his unfortunate companions. He was unable to reach him, however , a nd, after several ineffectual attempts, he wade for th e shore, the which he succeeded in reaching very exhausted. Mr. Frederick Holland and Mr. Grossman also managed with difficulty to reach the shore. Richard Evans was taken out of the water ex. hausted. Mr. Thomas Johnson was likewise got ashore alive, and was removed to the cottage of Evans (that being the nearest house), but he was so much exhausted that he never rallied, and death en sued before the arrival of a medical man. Mr. Joseph Johnson was carried down with the current and was drowned. His body was found on the shore near Ileswell, fully a mile from where the disaster occurred, at five o'clo ck in the morning, and removed to the Pengwern Arms Hotel, where it was placed in the same apartment with the corpse of his brother. The boatman Evans was so much exhausted by his immersion t hat he was considered out of danger until late on Saturday.— Ltverpool Mercury. THE MIDDLE LEVEL INIJN DATION.—The Court of Queen's Bench delivered judgment yesterday in the case Cox v. Wise. This was an action brought by the plaintiff against the defendant, the Commissioner under the Middle Level Drainage Act, 7 and 8 Geo. IV., to re cover damages sustained by the plaintiff by his land being overflowed, owing to the bur sting of the sluice on the river Ouse, and which, it was alleged, was owing to the negli • genco of the defendant in the construction and maintenance of such sluice.—Mr Justice Mellor was of opinion that it never could have been intended by the Legislature that i the Commissioner's appointed under the act, and whose ser vices were gratuitous, should be responsible for the negli gence of the contractors and servants they were compelled to employ in the maintenance of the sluice and drainage walls. The learned judge cited several cases, including a i recent decision of the Court of Common Pleas in the case of Halliday and the Commissioners of St. Leonard, Shore ditch. The rule to set aside the verdict for the plaintiff, and to enter it for the defendant,ought to be made absolute. —Mr. Justice Blackburn was of a contrary opinion,holding the Commissioners liable for their servants' negligence and incompetency. The 21st section under the Commissioners' Act of Parliament gave power to issue execution against the works and properly belonging to such Commissioners, and in this case the plaintiff ought to hava execution for what he could obtain, although it could not be sufficient for damages of such magnitude as in the present case.—The Lord Chief Justice concurred in the judgment of Mr Mel lor.—The Lord Chief Justice said perhaps Mr Keane would eonsider by to-morrow whether the other 66 actions were to go on, (Laughter.) , RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE, IVISBECH, PETERBOROUGH, AND SUTTON, On Monday the formation of this line was com menced on the estate of the Duke of Bedford, at Thorney, when the first sod was turned by Mr. R. Young, of Wisbech, in the presence of a large num ber of persons. Immediately after the ceremony of turning the first sod about 100 men were set to work, and as the materials will be rapidly supplied, it was expected the works would be far advanced by Christmas next. it appeared that Mr. Young had made great exertions to obtain a direct line from Wisbech to Peterborough, which was now in course of being accomplished. CRYSTAL PALACE AND SOUTH LONDON JUNCTION. The works on this line are proceeding rapidly, although they are very heavy. Of the 840 yards in length of tunnels about three-fourths have been completed. There is a very heavy cutting near the Crystal Palace, of which rather more than one fourth has been removed, so as nearly to enable the contractors, INlessrs. Peto, Betts, and Crampton, to commence foundation for the terminal station close to the Crystal Palace at Sydenham. The en trance to the Palace from the station will be by means of four distinct subways under the existing road in front of it—two subways for visitors to the Palace, and two for returning to the railway sta tion. One of the subways leading from the station to the Palace, and one from the Palace to the rail way, will be reserved exclusively for first-class pas sengers, which it is expected will prevent the crush and confusion that usually occur on crowded days. The new station is to be about 20 feet below the level of the floor of the central transept of the Pas lace, and a distance of about 60 yards, which will be a great improvement as compared with the en trance from the existing Crystal Palace station, the ascent from which is 129 feet, and the distance about 1,300 feet. It appears that every endeavour will be made to open this new line to the Crystal Palace by May 1, 1865, to which by means of the metropolitan extensions of the London, Chatham, and Dover Company there will be access from Blackfriars-bridge, the Metropolitan, Great North , ern, Great Western, and other lines of railway. LAW INTELLIGENCE—May 25, VICE-CHANCELLORS' COURT, (Before Vice-Chancellor Sir John Stuart.) THORNTON V. RAMSDEN. The Vice-Chancellor gave judgment in this case, which related to the right of the tenants of the defendant, Sir John Ramsden, Bart., the member for the West Riding of Yorkshire, to certain property claimed by them at lludders field. In 1837 it appeared that there existed a system of granting, on very advantageous terms, leases by the then Sir John Ramsden to his tenants, such lease being renew able every 20 years on payment of a fine, The present plain tiff became a tenant of a stone quarry and some land in that year, which he improved and built a house upon, thus in creasing its value, Sir John Ramsden died in 1839, at which time the estates were vested in trustees until the present defendant should attain his majority, which he did in 1852. The plaintiff, like many others, had, therefore, in accordance with the custom of the estate, been let into pos session of this property by Sir John Ramsden's agent, with out any written agreement, the then ag:nt (who had since been discharged) undertaking to obtain one for 60 years on mere nominal terms. In 1844 the trustees were empowered by Act of Parliament to grant leases for 99 years at large rents, and in 1857 an act was framed by the tenants themselves, with the sanction of Sir John Ramadan ; but after this act was passed disputes arose, and in order to settle these disputes the present proceedings had been taken. The plaintiff contended that he was entitled to a per petual right of renewal, which he called a tenant-right; that he had been duly admitted by Sir John Ramsden's agent on that understanding. This was, however, denied by the defendant, who contended that he was only a tenant at-will, The Vice-Chancellor delivered judgment, which occu pied about 20 minutes, the summary of which was that his Honour had no power to disturb the plaintiff or any other person in a position similar to that of the plaintiff as a tenant of Sir John Ramsden at Huddersfield. Accordingly he must direct that plaintiff was entitled to a lease under the Act of 1811, he paying double rent from the time o, granting the lease, and of course paying also the fees upon' renewal, His Honour said the case must be considered as that of a person who had entered upon a property under a verbal agreement, with the agent of the landlord, that he was to have a lease from the landlord on applying for it, On the faith of that the plaintiff here had spent a large sum of mone) upon the premises (£800), and the lease to be given to him must be founded on the Act of 1844. Defendant to ply all the costs of the suit. COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH, MAY 24. (Sittings in Banco, before the Lord Chief Justice Cockburn, Justices Blackburn and Mellor.) THE QUEEN V. TERNAN AND OTHERS. This was a prosecution on behalf of the Federal Govern ment against Patrick Ternan and two others, and, in pur suance of a habeas corpus, the t risoners were brought up before the full Court from Liverpool, on a charge of piracy, alleged to have been committed by the prisoners and others in seizing an American merchant vessel on the high seas. The ship lay at Matamoras, laden with cotton, bound to New York. In the Bay of Mexico the alleged pirates rose on the crew, seized the ship, and took her to Belize, where they abandoned her and sold the cargo. The three pri soners were apprehended at Livet pool, at the instance of the master, and committed by Mr. Raffles, the stipendiary magistrate. It appeared in evidence before the magistrate, that the men had acted under the orders of a certain Major Hogg, who appeared to act as an officer in the service of the Confederate Government. The magistrate, doubting who , ther the case was piracy within the Act of 11 and 12 Vict. I c. 42, remanded the prisoners, to give them an opportunity of applying to this court. Last term Mr. Edward James, Q.C., obtained on their b e h a l f a rule nisi for a habeas corpus, with a view to their the rule (after argu men t by M r . Lush, discharge; ann Q.C., on behalf of the American Minister) was made absolute. The acme counsel now appeared, and Mr. James rose and informed the Court that the prisoners were present, and moved that the return to the writ be read. It was accordingly done by the Master of the Crown Office. It was then mutually agreed that the evidence available had been given, and was before the Court. Mr James then moved that the prisoners be discharged, on the ground that aty or the act. this was not a case within th,e Mr Lush, Q.C., addressed the Court against the prisoners' discharge. He first contended that th e p; ,,,: . rrant was good ; but the main question was, that there was no Cbligation on one State to deliver over the fugitive criminals of a..7 °ther, nor was there legal pov• er to do so. The criminal law ui f both countries was the same. The Lord Chief Justice was of opinion that the techni cal objections as to the warrant of the Secretary of State not being based upon an original warrant, and the magis trate's warrant not showing upon its face that it was based upon an information, were untenable. As to the prisoners being protected by their acting as belligerents, he thought that was a question for the magistrate or a jury; but, at all events, a prima facie case had been made out, and the magistrate was bound to commit. The real question was as to the construction of the treaty and act. In his judgment they were not meant to apply to cases where ono nation had exclusive jurisdiction, and if this had been the intention of the framers of the treaty, they could have inserted words for that purpose. Upon the construction of the treaty, he was of opinion that the prisoners ought to be delivered up to the American Go vernment; but as the majority of the court entertained a different opinion, they would be discharged. Justices Crompton, Blackburn, and Shee (the latter de livering a written judgment) agreed with the Lord Chief Justice as to the minor and technical points ; but they all agreea that, in their judgment, the treaties and acts wore intended to apply only where the demanding country had exclusive jurisdiction. Th© prisoners were immediately discharged, and in less than half an hour afterwards they were seen walking up the Strand showing leas concern than might have been imagined for men who might be said to have just slipped from the hands of the executioner. 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The last of the first series of battles left General 1 ee in front of Spott sylrania Court-house, with the Federal army, re pulsed but not routed, before him. So undiminished was the vigour of the Confederates that the lest attack had been theirs, and the greateet slaughter inflicted on their adversaries had been in a contest in which the Federals had to hold the ground they had gained. But during the night of Wednesday the Federal General Hancock changed his position from the right to the left centre of the Federal line, and at daybreak on the morning of Thursday, the 12th, he assaulted Lee's right. Of his success there are the usual varying accounts. The first state ments, evidently derived from persons who quitted the field while the battle was in progress, are to the effect that Hancock captured 25 cannon and 3,000 prisoners, among whom were three Generals. But the battle which began at this early hour continued during the whole day, and, according to later intelligence, the course of the day's fighting materially altered the position which Hancock had gained in the morning. It seems that this attack on the Confederate right was a surprise, and that the capture of prisoners and cannon, even if as im portant as stated, could not be taken as a proof of general success. The battle which followed was, on the whole, to the advantage of the Confederates. " Of the cannon captured," it is said, " many re mained on disputed ground on Thursday night, while it is not perfectly clear that a number of them were iiot recaptured by the Confederates." But still i moreimportant is the news that no success what. ever attended the Federals at other points of the line, their assaults against Lee's centre and left being invariably repulsed with great slaughter. At nightfall the Confederates maintained their position in front of Spottsylvania Court-house, but during Thursday night Lee, repeating the manoeuvre which he has twice practised during the campaign, retreated to take up a stronger position. To this position General Grant, impeded by the heavy fall of rain and the bad state of the roads, could not readily follow him, and it is possible that the carnage may again for a few days be stayed. This great battle may, then, be said to have been indecisive at a time when an indecisive battle is really a victory to the South. The strategy of Grant con sists simply in pushing forward his whole force, hurling it against the Southern positions, and in flicting loss on the enemy by submitting to a loss which is probahly greater on his own side. The battle of the 12th was no doubt one of the most bloody of the war. The carnage, we are told, was awful—" the men fell like grain." No estimate of the loss is given. Such generalship as this, though it certainly is not of a high order, may tend for a time to keep up the caurage of the North by inspir ing the belief that the South is likely to be wearied out by the constant attack of armies more powerful than its own. But such a plan of campaign may soon be shown to be dangerous and even fatal. Gen. Grant, with a fine army, has attacked position after position, and been repulsed in a series of actions which must very much have lessened his strength. As yet his advance towards the Confederate capital has not done much to inspire the North with hopes of ultimate success. Although he has approached nearer Richmond than any of his predecessors by the same road, yet the price of gold obstinately keeps up, and the tone of the Northern Press is far less jubilant than at the time of Pope's or Hooker's exploits. Indeed, to look for large results from the present campaign requires a high degree of faith in Federal good fortune. To expect that the most splendid victory of Grant will do much to bring the war to a close is to forget the character of the Southern people and the vast extent of their terri tory. Even the sanguine North, when it sees these successive days of bloodshed, which only end in causing the Confederate army to draw back a short distance to new positions that have been carefully chosen and strengthened during three years past, seems to feel the hopelessness of the contest in which it is engaged. No one who considers the matter can Jail to perceive that the further Grant advances through a depopulated country, along wretched roads, and with the ever-lengthening line of his communications exposed to the Confederate cavalry and guerillas, the more unable will he be to keep up his attacks on the Confederates, who, on the contrary, fall back on their resources and fight in a country which is entirely their own. Even if we give the name of victories to the battles after which General Grant advances, we may say that, after a few more such victories, he will be undone. It is not only the large number of men who are sub tracted from the army by death or wounds, but the fact that the whole provisoes of the army, both for man and beast, have to be brought from a base of operations a hundred miles distant, that the wounded have to be taken back thither, and that, in short, the great Federal army must be considered as an expeditionary force sent into a country from which it can gat her nothing, and through which it must pass quickly or retreat. This is the state of things in the fourth year of the war at the dis tance of less than a hundred miles from Washing ington. The last and greatest invasion of Vir ginia only results in the retirement of the Confede rate General from one strong position to another, after battles in which he appeared almost invari ably to have held his own. Although it was fore told at the outbreak of hostilities that the South most be exhausted in a few weeks, yet we have them in the campaign of 1861 confronting the largest Federal army ever levied by an army which which appears equally strong, equally well armed, and fully able to defend its territory. To what resolution, what determination to be free, what animosity and hatred towards the North, does such a state of things testify ! Is it likely that the men who have raised such an army out of their own re sources, with little or no help from foreign countries will submit to a community whose Legislature even now, in the crisis of the war, is busy with a bill for giving to soldiers and sailors, both white end coloured, homesteads from confiscated Confederate estates ? Is it not evident that even if the campaign were to place Richmond in the power of the Federals, •the war would continue with undiminished ferocity in the great territory of Virginia as in the other States of the South ? To our notions the only hope of peace is in the recognition by General Grant that the enterprise on which he is set is hopeless, and in his retreat from a position which it will require every day more skill to maintain. If the intelli gence from Virginia be indecisive, from other parts it is plainly unfavourable to the Federals. It is said that Forrest's cavalry gained possession of Sherman's railway communications, and had de stroyed Federal transports on the Tennessee and Cumberland rivers. But the position of Banks is still more lamentable. He appears to be entirely hemmed in by the enemy. The Confederates have erected batteries on the Red River, cutting off his retreat ; his steamers with supplies and reinforce ments are sunk, and even the capture of Admiral Porter's gunboats is considered inevitable. However e war may go in Virginia, it is pretty clear that the ho:: 1 of the Federals is loosening on the South- West, anti that even their great resources are in sufficient for the k nermanent occupation of a territory so vast. HERALD.—Professor Go:: lwin Smith seems deter mined not to desert the causes of his allies, the Federals of America. We should a.nye little right, an aloe to should , to interfere with this innocent flirtation , certainly allow a disinterested Platonic afiee reach its naturalend, did not Mr Smith's exagg era, ed friendship induce him to propound sentiments , derogatory to the dignity of this country and prejudicial to the law of nations. It is not necessary to reopen the technical discussion as to the character borne by the Confederate man of war the Georgia. Our columns have shown more than once, that this vessel, having received her equip ment abroad, cannot by any possibility come under the terms of the Foreign Enlistment Act, however clearly it may be made out that she was originally built in an English yard and afterwards put into commission by President Davis. We pass these considerations entirely, and so much the more readily because they are familiar to the British public, and also because Professor Smith hardly ventures to bring any direct imputa tion against their conclusiveness. His present posi tion is, that the Georgia has committed offences of so heinous a nature that our municipal law ought to punish them, or, if it cannot do so without being strained, it ought to be altered, and that the law of nations, founded as it is upon pure ethics, ought, at any rate, to step in in order to provide an adequate remedy. We will take the postscript of his most recent letter to a contemporary first, as in that may be supposed to lie the gist of his whole argument. He assures us that the defence of the Confederate practice, which, it is insinuated, is piratical, of burning captured vesels, is based upon a celebrated saying of Lord Stowell, that " a hostile ship may be destroyed in order to prevent its arc ape." The pro fessor takes occasion t o remark that Lord Stowell little thought what modern practices would be. We have purposely given the sense rather than the exact words of Mr. Smith, for we might do him an unintentional wrong if we quoted his obscure lan guage without referring to the previous portion of his letter. The conclusion, however, at which he arrives is dangerous to his case. Lord Stowell would, we grant, be amazed at the course of action recommended by some of our aspiring jurists. The founder of English mercantile law might well be surprised to hear his canons, which were intended for the protection of the weak against the strong, applied to the creation of a supposed inviolability for the powerful and ambitious aggressor. Let Pro fessor Smith beware of using a system of reasoning which is essentially two-edged, or otherwise the weapon upon which he relies may injure his own hand more than it can the body of hie enemy. Bat , we deny that the Confederate defence rests upon the maxims of an English jurist, however eminent ; it appeals to far older and more generally retog nised authority. Civilians of the greatest repu tation,lveho have spent the whole of their lives in promoting the interests of civilisation by the introduction of the mild tenets of Chris tianity into war, have admitted that, in case of fire or any other disaster which cannot be provided against, it is lawful for us to destroy even a neighbour's house to ensure our own personal safety. The instance imagined is evidently one of an extreme character, its necessity must not be a matter of mere guess-work, but must be capable of demonstration. Confederate cruisers cleerly come under this category. Neutral ports are closed against prizes; the dismissal of captured Federal ships would lead to fatal information being given to other vessels, their retention would hamper the captor and expose him beyond a shadow of doubt to immediate capture. The Southern captain would willingly take his prize to port if he could, for, after all, he destroys either his own property or that of the state from which he derives his commissioe. We are not in the habit of blaming our Henry V. because, completely outnumbered at Agincourt, he declined, in the early part of that famous engage , * ment to keep prisoners, and was obliged to adopt an extremely sanguinary policy; much less can we cen sure the Confederate officer who, when tLe ocean is fall of hcstile vessels, is not regardless of the dictates , of humanity, who saves the lives of his prisoners at the same time that by absolute necessity he is com pelled to burn their ship. All that we have a right to expect from is that he respect the cargoes of nen- , tral nations, but he is called upon, neither by jus tice nor by expediency, to treat his enemy as if his. goods were inviolable. Having cleared away pre judice with which Professor Smith would fain mys tify us in a simple matter, we shall be the less 'likely to concur in any attempt to strain or alter our munie cipal Jaw. Our courts of justice are open to the' stronger as to the weaker party; but should the cause of the latter triumph through the fair work ing out sf the institutions upon which we not un reasonably pride ourselves, to suppose that we, must then have recourse to fresh enactments, in order to bolster up the strong, is to conceive the people of England not only dead to all sense of self-respect, but eager to commit acts of unparalleled baseness ; it is to reverse our past. history and legislation. We do not, therefore,. wonder at Mr. Smith's leaving this tangible ground somewhat abruptly, and at hi; preferring to employ some vague and unsatisfactory language upon in ternational law, or, as be would more justly style it, the law of nations. We are quite ready to con cede to Mr. Smith—indeed, we would go further than he does—that the words " international law, as implying a kind of compact between different; countries, have been grossly abused, and that the tine law of nations must be looked for in high moral considerations. Granting that his data are right, we cannot help thinking that the inference which a scholar so distinguished as Mr. Goldwin Smith is draws from them i 3 singularly illogical and superficial. By implication he would have us infer that the practice of burning ships, even when adopted from sheer necessity, is so horrible that it at once violates every known system of ethics. But are questions of morals thus one-sided, or do they profess to embrace the whole of the subject-matter ? Is it, or is it not, a moral consideration that one nation may be intent upon gaining its indepen dence ; that another may be waging a war of ruth less ambition and extermination ; that an invader may bring into the field hosts of emigrant merceo naries while the children of the soil are arrayed against them upon behalf of their own hearths F that these very ships, upon whose conflagration e° piteous a lament is raised, may be engaged in car rying supplies to the invader ? Again, do morale teach us, that if a ship is built in England, and equipped in France we are to assert that it uses our ports "as the base of its naval operations;" but that we are to shut our eyes to the fact that front those same ports issue emigrants, ammunition, and all the other implements of war; that near our coasts lie Federal ships in wait for the infant Con federate navy ; that the law of nations conderana the weak, who act through necessity, who obey the precepts of self-defence, but finds no fault in the strong and overbearing, whose passion is the sole guide to action ? For ourselves we have LO inclination thus to play with morals ; we can hardly think that Professor Smith would do so is matters upon which he does not entertain a stroll I bias, contrary alike to reason and fair dealing. COUNTRY MARKETS. LYNN-TUESDAY. The weather in the latter part of last week was exces sively hot ; on Friday evening there was a heavy rain, which was much wanted. At to-day's market there Wail a moderate show olwheat, and the trade very firm—in sorn, instances at is per qr advance upon the prices of last wee Spring corn unaltered. White wheat 4os to 46s / Barley . 32s to 36s Red.. ..39s to 40s 1 Grinding Beans .32s to 31s I Oats.. Small 348 to 36s I Peas • • — l 2 8 7 s t s i t t 000 NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE-TUESDAY. Wheat in moderate supply this morning, and a firm feeling existed in the trade at the currencies of this daY week. Averages—Wheat, 40s—barley, 30s 2d—oats, 20s 7d. HULL-TUESDAY. At our corn market to-day the supply of wheat was /1 4 large, and the demand was firm. The rates of the Nyeel preceding may be fully quoted. A small supply of barley , and prices firm. Oats a steady sale. Beans scarce, and rather dearer. Wheat.... Old white per qr. 42s Od to 44s Oa Old red ) f Nev white .. ~ New red ' ... ~ Barley.... English malting 27s Od to 340 Op Grinding 24s Od to 25s 6 c l Saal and Oderbruck Holstein and Danish 3 os Od to 31s 01 Grinding Oats English, old 2Bs Od to 31$ 0 1 22s Od to 24s C.' Archangel and Riga, per st osl2id to 13 i Friesland and Dutch osl3d to 081 3 , 0 Swedish and Danish oBl2ld to os l3 l Beans ....English, old, per qr 4os Od to 43s New pigeon 42s Od to 44s C'''' A New tick. 4OB Od to 420 OA„ Egyptian Peas ..Foreign boilers • Grinding Tares ....Sp r i ng Indian Corn Linseed, feeding crushing . 4os Od to 520 Or, Linseed cakes (Hull) £B 5 oto £9 1 0 ''' Foreign! 8 0 oto 9 0 v o Rape cakes 5 0 oto 0 0 „ Bones 6 6 oto 610 " BRISTOL SUGAR-WEDNESDAY. There was an active demand for sugar, both raw and r; fined, during the early part of the week, and about 4Y • hogsheads Barbadoes were sold at very full prices. IV— bile refiners disposed of their goods freely at advanced rates rather extensive business has also been done in Doc!. loaves to arrive. The wholesale grocers report a large bust' ness in the country. Within the last day or so, however* the market has become quiet, and not much inquiry, Persons in debt may obtain instant protection againg imprisonment or seizure of their goods, and an entire releati ° from all debts and liabilities without publicity, by application to Messrs. Marshall, solicitors of the Court of Bankrupt* Charges under £5 payable by easy instalments. Offices" (established 1830), 12, Hatton-garden. City branch —6. it oor - ate-street, Bank.—ADvr. Births. BUXTON.—On th e 24th inst., at Leyt o n s t o ne, the wile - T. Fowell Buxton, Esq., of a daughter, Du CANE.--On the 25th inst., at 21, Queen's-gate-terr o4 the Hon. Mrs. Charles lizt Cane, of a Fon and heir. PAIMES.—On the 22d inst., at 32, Priory-road, Ki 16 1 12 the wife of Sir H. S. Parkes, N.C.8., Costa Shanghai, of a daughter. Marriages. HuDsoN—Cnoss.—On the 24th inst., at St. Mathiti Richmond, Surrey, George Hudson, Esq., sixth 8 02 t o Hargreave Hudson, Esq., of Leeds, to Frances A,,P„,, Eliz t, youngest daughter of the late Thomas Cross, P3' of Hull. 0••• LAYTON—ORR.—On the 24th inst., at the Catholic AP,°l3B toile Church, Islington, Maria Theresa, daughter 01 13, Rev. Fred. W. H. Layton, to Peter Orr, EDI , 0 Loraine-road, Upper Holloway, late of Madras. s BowEN—On the 24th inst De ~ at ath the . residence of his brother: in-law, Oak Villas, Gipsey-hill, Norwood, John p°we of Cannon-street, aged 36. COOPER—On the 24th inst., at Gadebridge, fiemell le n rcl o c N stead, Herts, the Rev. aunton Rede Astley ,„ fourth son of Sir Astley Paston Cooper, Bart. FERRIS—On the , 23d inst., at North Cottage, Dit c r — „ l c al" terrace, Brighton William Ferris, Esq., late of e— gunge Factory, third son of the late Rev. Thos, rector of Dallington, Sussex. meg* PENFOLD—OR the 23d inst , at his residence, Tllo,—,:arieo nuts, St. Margaret's, Twickenham, Middlesex, um— Penfold, Esq., formerly of Croydon, aged 65. to rt, SLEE—On the 25th inst., at 19, Earl's-terrace , K en eing Mrs. Elizabeth Noah Slee, aged 78. THOMPSON—On Sunday morning, 22d inst. , Mr. .-/I-icbsia Thompson, of Bilston, Staffordshire, aged 89. gild VINALL—On the 24th inst., at the Pars ona g e, borough, Thomas Sutton Vinall, and 20. -..--- London : Prlnzed and Prbilahed by WILLIA3I of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tun Sus Office ll ' 4 , o f Strand, in the Precinct of the Sav o y , n the Cou Iliddleaex.--Thursday, llay 260.864.