The Sun. — London, England, 1830-04-23 00:00:00

HIS MAJESTY'S HEALTH. (From the Court Circular.) His Majesty passed another good night on Wed nesday, and yesterday morning the following Bulletin, which confirms the previous favourable statements of his Majesty's health, was issued. It will be seen that only one physician now attends the King:— " Windsor Castle, April 2?. The X:No is better. (Signed) " HENRY HALFORD." Majesty signed a number of official warrants end documents en Wednesday, some of them relat ing to the Treasury. The Duke of Wellington visited the King, at his Palen at Windsor, yesterday, and after having an audience returned to town. (From the Mites.) Yesterday's Bulletin, with royal brevity—and indeed with. somewhat of oracular mystery—told th e people of England, in four words, that " The i•isift is better." But the previous Bulletins forgot to tell us the nature of that malady of which " The king is better." They spoke at first of a bilious attack, and then of an " embarrassment of breath ing," which latter mode of suffering is nothing but asymptom and effect. We have yet heard nothing about the cause or causes. The liver, the iting.4 the heart, have each and all, in the absence of pro fessional information, been guessed at agleordingly, as the seat and source of the ditotder. It is even said, but this of course we cannot know, that his Majesty's Ministers-these who form the link be tween the Sovereign and his people —are as much in the dark on this topic as are the peasantry of Wales; that in fact nothing is known, and hardly any thing said, beyond :that little impenetrable circle of which neither centre ttor circumference is visible to-.the general eyes of Englishmen. This is not honest in the'tirst place, because the public has an undoubted right to ascertain the situation of the NlOnerich. It is, in the second place, very stupid, because more secrecy will not prolong the King's , valuable life; and those creatures whom tie of Royal kindness now protects, may be tallied to a searching and severe account of the manner in which, being not officially kreqtonsible, they exer eiee a more •than power. There may be surds a thing, if items:vary, as an appearance at the bar of the Lords er Commons! Since thie WAR Written, we observe, in the " Court Circular" that the Duke of Wellington visited the King yesterday at Windsor. This, we toast, implies that his Majesty is recovering : at all events, it is certain that the real state of the King . is now known, as it ought to be; to his rittcfpal Minister. (Fran the Morning lift.ti - ald.) • WINDIOR, THURSDAY EX - t clNG.—llis Majesty's health is improvitT rapidly, and to-day--I have it from. unquestionable authority—he is " very eon giAerably better." But the Bears of the Stock Ex 'change say—" Aye, but the King, or any other scan, tray be very considerably better, and yet he may 1e in a very dangerous condition!" To this, were the Pettient any other than the King, I could give you a score of what the unlearned call knocks em-down answers; but it ought to be a sufficient answer that the Royal physicians are trot in continual attendance not even the physicia n i n or di nary, Si r H enry Belford. Sir Henry never comes down—at least for these fout-days past—till the evening—that is to say, in time for dinner ; and he as regularly returns to kis London patients early every morning ; and as to Sir Matthew Tierney, the only extraordinary claled in on this occasion, he has not been het at 441 these three days. P. P. P. (From the Monting Chrtsti'ds.) Our readers will see from the Bulletin issued yes terday, that there is no tenger ally apprehension respecting his Majesty. The terms of the Bulletin The Kin g i s b etter, " at once discredit the reports at connected the difficulty 'needling wits a breaking ai) of his Maje s ty' s const i tut i on, n ut we a 9 sitred on authority, which, if we could name, w°4l4 be d eeme d unquestionable by our readers, that the ditlic g lt y o f bree4tthi g was asthmatic, and laiSt at all what rumour cleacribed it. The most skil ful and - experienced physicians are always cautievs it pronouncing decidedly in castes of this kind ) espe cially when the patient is, like his Majesty, of an advanced age, and corpulent ; and hence the obscu rity of the 'anguage of the Bulletins. We believe, however, we may assureettr readers, that it is really believed at 'present by his Majesty's medical at tendantir that there is no longer any cause for ap prehensioß. (From the Morning Journal.) His Majesty's advisers have favoured the public with the following brief but remarkable Bulletin :- 44 THE KING IS alksn'TEß 1" The object of this quaint announcement is in /tended to convey a favourable opinion of the King's glealth, and by many persons it will, at first glance, be viewed in this light ; but we regret to say that to us it appears any thing but consolatory or satis factory. Sage of the His Maje sty h as undoubtedly the advert comparative degree, according to the rules of grammar, for, by being better, we are bound to conclude that be has been erersc--but when? remains fot his physicians to tell. The last Bulletin intimated that his Majesty con-, tinned to suffer o ccasionally from embarrassment in Ibis breathing; but we are not informed whether this embarrassment has increased or diminished, or Whether he is considered more convalescent now tha n he was on Monday last- He may have been better on Thursday, though worse on Wednesday than be was on Tuesday ; or he may have been better at twelve o'cloek, noon, than he was at ?ire o'clock the preceding night. This evident attempt to mystify the public is not by any means calculated to lull suspicion or allay apprehensions. The most marked, and certainly the most unfavourable, symptom in the King's case 'was his difficulty of breathing, arising from a cause *efficiently obvious, and rendered the source of in 'ereased anxiety from the circumstance that similar distressing indications attended the illness of the lemented Duke of York. We sncerely y that the app re h ensions of his Majesty's i subject s pra , caused by this painful and dreaded analogy, may prove un founded. But the royal physicians leave us to our own conjectures, instead of removing all fears by being more explicit, which it is reasonable to think they•would have removed could they have been t 'l e justified order. in doing so by t h e f avourable indications of dis (From the iforning Ad vert i ser.) The following is .the emphatic Bulletin issued yesterday morning by the King's Physician:— HIS MAJESTY'S HEALTH. " Wind sor C ast l e, Apr i l 22. "be Ri ne is better. (Signed) " HENRY HALFORD." we trust we need not observe that we are even There than r e j o i ce d that " the King is better ;" 'tut We must at the same time remark, that the secretly which has been observed upon this occasion it has be en most un j ustifiable, from whatever quarter may have proceeded, arid has proved most injuri ous to an umerous c l ass of tradesmen. We trust that his Maje s t y i s not only out of all danger now, but hould that he w i l l eontinue to be " better ;" and that such p rove to be the case, we trust also , for the sake of the public, no ti me w ill b e l ost in commu n i cating the intelligen ce to the public. Mischief enough has been done already ; arid the the offence least apology which c an be offered is, not to repeat The Princess AtiC3USTA visited Lady CARO LINE WALDEGKA,y; Yesterday at her residence in Curzon strett. Iler Ladyship is indieposed. The Russian and French Ambassadors had a conference with the Earl Of AIMRDEIN yesterday, at the Foreign Office. The Prussian and Spani s h M inisters had in- Prince ESTERHAZY w terviews with th e Earl of Aitr4ntorx yesterday. as prese the p- forma r nce of the P rague Minstrels at the E g ypt ian Ha er ll yesteday. LAW INTELLIGENet,(THIS bAit. COURT OF CHANcERY. ASKIN V. MARTIN AND OTHERS. The Loan CHANCFI.I.OII. stated that this had come be fore him upon an eppeal from a judgment of the Master of the Rolls. The plaintiff Was Rector of Gray Stock in Cumberland. The action *ad hrottght fair the piiriiese of recovering tithes, whieli bad arisen out of lands that had been formerly was'e and common, and enclosed by an Act of Parliament, passed in 1795. The defendants had pet up as a defence the payment of various mo duses; and the questions for consideration were, first, whether those moduses had been sufficiently established in evidence ; and, secondly, if sufficiently established, whe ther they were valid in point of law! The Master of the Rolls was of opinion that the thadtisee bad bech established h point bf evidende; aitil he dii•ectdd a cue in thb C . Mtrt of COmmob :'leas, to ascertain whether or not they were valid in law. After adverting to the nature of the various moduses, in respect of the different districts, and the evidence- in support of them, his Lordship was decidedly of opinion also, that they had been suffi ciently established in evidence. lie likewise agreed with the Master of the Rolls in the propriety of sending a case to the Court of Common Pleas The Rector had objected to its being. sent to law, bet the case of Eishdp v. Chichester, had decided that this toUri can ttt tibei-ty to send well a quehtion 1n such a ease to law, wherever it aught think &Ver.—Appeal dismissed without costs COURT OF RING'S BENCH. L18EL,....CA It LI LE V. DUN N AND ANOTHER. This was an ac:ion brought by the notorious Richard Carlile, of Fieet-oreet, pi'ziplictors of the Nottinglith7iL and IVeu.;zrie Mercury, to recover compensa tion In d amages for a libel pub!ished in that piper, reflect ing upon his character. Mr. Carlife appeared to advocate his own cause in per. son, and Mr. DEN3IAN with whom was Mr. Thu., ap , peared for the defendants. Mr..Carlile addressed. the Jury at cons:d.rable length, and stated that his character had been smith mistaken, for he was not the man the public generally itip'prisea, for he was strictly moral the obligations of life—he was a kind httsbita ' rdan indulgent father—educating his sons in' the paths of morality, though he did not conceive it neees nary to make them adopt any particular religious persuasion. He felt it a duty to his family that he should maintain the purity of his character, and not to suffer it to be publicly and wantonly assailed without any foundation, Rod for these reasons it was that he had instituted the rt•esenl: He went last autumn to Nottitt6tn, and while there, owing to some ofretinistances which trculd he explained in evideote, he had given a Challenge to a public discussion • upon religious topics to the Rev. Mr. Gilbert% The 'Chat leoge was accepted, and . the i' , ',tehange-roblias Were to be the scene of discOSsion. 'these, however, were refused, and eheb the Riding School was appointed. So gready tat public curiosity excited, that tickets were' selling at one pound premium. At the Riding School some difficulties occurred, and then another place was appointed, but Mr. Gilbert did not think proper to appear there. %fise. quently, however, be wrote a lettel-: to the Nottinghatii Mercury, which letter ft:fried the ,ground of the present action ege.inst the proprietors of that paper, who refused to give up Mr. Gilbert as the author. Mr. Carlile, titter addressing the Court for novards of an hour, concluded by observing that hnd but two witnesses, and that it was possible the ease might be put an end to as soon as they were called, if questions were asked them as to their religious belief. His son was one of those witnesses, and he would only say he had taught him to be honest—he had taught him to be 'natal—but he had not taught him to he religious. To reject his testimony on that ground would not be consistent with the liberality of the present day, and he trusted so illiberal proceeding I , ionld ti"dt be adopted by the Gentlemen of tire Bar. The damages were laid at 200 f., buts his 'only object was to vindicate his character, he *Mild not ask for more than nominal dama ges At the hands of the Jury. The libel was read, from which it appeared that Mr. Gilbert, in justifying himself for not appearing at the meeting, had said that it appeared to him, from the writings of Mr. Carlile, that he disregarded ell ni)%p-oliriaie lciods of truth, and that he did net betieVe truth was his object in seeking to lt,txt that meeting. That of his morals be was intrgy ignorant, but that if he could re• conciln it to himself to embody the principles of his works in his practice—particularly of some of them which he could not name—there was not a father, brother, or husband in the kingdom, whose first indignent I.l 4 .l 4 Sur:te would not be such as he could not eirprts`t in gentlemanly language. Mr. Carlile tt?,tica - lled his son. Mr. incxstax made no objection to his taking the oath. • Mr. I)Exarair then placed a number of pamphlets in the hands of the witness, and asked him if th.'y writ lh the habit o f b e i ng so ld i n hi s father's ahoti. Witness re plied in the affirmative; artongtt which were books called ' " Good Sense," " VS , ery Woman's Book," the " R e p u b_ liran and the Lion." Mr. Leigh deposed, that Mr. Carlile was a lodger in the family into which the witness married, in Nottin, ham. Went with him to the shop of Mr, Nom, to 2Sth of Septemb er , w h ere he vtrth"Lied the paper in question. Mr. Dunn wet asked if he would give up Mr. Gilbert as the anthtr, to which he replied that he could not, fot ent letter was sent by Mr. Gilbert, hut he could rrit take it upon himself to say that he was the author.-- Mr. C. was well received before the publication in Not tingham, but afterwards there was en effort lbate to in sult him. Cross-examined. hi: Mr. \V. HlLL—There are persona who take in M. Carlile's works in Nottingham. Mr. Catiilt has an agent there. Mr. DENMAN, for the defendant, said that ho felt that he might have put an end to the plaintiff's case by ob!iat'- ing to the testimony of his sop,. Mita: represented as being brought up withottt religion. He had a strong opinion upon tin Tii,bject, and he thought it far better to rely en the probable regard which might be entertained to an oath, than to reject a witness who may be resolved to tell the truth, though he deviates in some respects from the religious belief of the country. The Learnitel then contended at great length that tht teter was no libel. —Verdict for the defendants. OLD BAILEY.-(THIS DAY. OLD COURT. The Session having ended last night, tit t3in °Clock , the RECORDS', attended this day pass sentence on the pri soners who were conriQted. Sentence of death was passed upon the following persons, Y:Z. , . For house breaking and larceny --George Edwards, Henry Tyler, James Parish, John Gerkin, Thomas Jacks, James Plumber, John Browne (convicted on his confevon, James Cook, William Barnadier, Thorno,s 'hot-noon. For stealing goods above the value 'Of 61. —Sarah Norris, John Stocking, Henry Wright Smith, Sarah Wilson, Philp Reiley, Habritah Cotton, James Clarke, William Thomas. For horse-stealing—Thomas Stockfield, Edward Cullamore. For cutting and maiming —Christopher O'Hara. For forgery—John Macdonald. Fur ottering base coin —'William Wilson. For robltery. , -/i.tary Anne Rowlands, Frances Matthews, Anne Matthews. To BE TRANSPORTED FOR LIFB...John James, Anne Thomson, John Morris, otherwise Michael Green, Edward Lawrence, John Wilkie, Joseph Farrel, JaMes County, Enoch Comus, John Littledale, Elizabeth Thatcher, Eliza Montague, Harriet Walters, Win. Shaw, Sarah Smith, Anne Clarkson, John Dare, James Shaw, James Osborne, Alfred G a z e l ee , J ames S tacey, Alexami.T.r POE, thonias Peeling. To Mt TRANSPORTED MA FOUATEEN YEAs.s.--James Hand, Benjamin Buihien, George Thompson, Thomas Hayes, Joseph Jenning, Wm. Stacey, Robert Ball, Lewis Henry (two terms of seven years), Michael Quinlan, George Brown, alias Wm. B rne, John Amos, Mary Geary, Eleanor Miller, Wm. Armitage, Joseph Armitage, Thomas Davis, Alexander Simpson, Richard Forrester, Joseph Graydon, Wm. Cook, James Fry, El;zabeth Car penter, Elizi Stalley, and Rebecca Carr. A great many others received sentence of transportation for tieven years, and to be confined for various terms in the House of Correction. THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY). CORN EXCHANGE. There is a good supply of Wheat this week, hut of every thing else the arrival is short. The trade for Wheat is very heavy, and except for the superfine samples, 2s. to 3s. per quarter lower. Barley sells freely at Monday's quotations. Beans and Pease are unaltered. Oats are held firmly, but there is very little doing in the trade. Flour continues heavy. ARRIVALS. Wheat. Barley. Oats. I Flour. English I - 5° 6,050 qrs. 3;700 9 qrs. 3,030 qrs. 2,700 sacks. Irish Foreign - brl. Sir GEORGE MURRAY has left town for Sunning-hill. Mr. and Mrs. LITTLETON have arrived at their house in Grosvenor-place, from Brighton. ils DAY' W.—lt WA night. . 11 ,, &c. ; W. bloot t, from —Artittfl to S. W Lisbon, ir U, from cian, Soli d , frorn espy, MO. le, LIS trlestan• 7.L 0 elr:,) • esu amc bound, 15 it (4 Air " .ngers o: Ante, tha t Off for 0 5 :i it . I 4 btliej has refer" h Febri he folly' ren take' the AO° ire* allor te privilOges •orreet tIO sh• religi4t Beaurnot ge Murrell ed the peoP l :i ;ilairman y employ! r, shusell Ld been Ir to Jam ald be.rig hl t, and Ifs' . suss kilo° eoneeeoi ° " nuld eo"P' , e tble to e ' l l the gette r :i t .1 J 01,131 I to be o dl slight It 981 P r 93, " 0 . 11 Bank holy ;ion of the 102 041 7980 o or. -8, nor quesee the who ! ! Accoun t r ing is 0 eir prig' cable to; vn to 921 A to the be Swa n vourablr. of a gait rwo. City 0 0 a getier° l it Broker fr.o wan tire° Standard . was take° ifortnnet ° inPd Oise !brate tb ° , iniproYe ° ocking t ° atin, bdt ?CIL :CRS. )AY.) with led ; for quartet• 1 2 ch, with 11 ago; I 1 2 ° 3. 5 itlemete 1 of Whitt ntlenwo calls fbr I sudden nit, who ng odds; that he Tailor, ie a gain, nuple o f sk birn, lumn3ef ageoni••• in coil- Hug ad nt Lord 17 to I in the closing former THE TAXES ON KNOWLEDGE On Tuesday evening, a highly respectable Meeting of the members of the City of London Litt racy and Scientific Institution \yrs h&d in the Theatre of tha institution, to take into consideration the propriety of memorialising the Lords of the 'Treasury, and petitioning both Houses of Parli6±.;tit for rep: u z i a o . ; the tares, which operate to check th 6 diftaiioli or tr.efl li : nc' , . s 7fei!g; th e duties on Newspapers and Advertiiemeats Sucre Mote par ticularly specified. Dr. SOUTHWOOD SMITH took the Chair. The CHAIRMAN, on stating the business for which they were assembled, said that their object was to extend as much as possible the diffusion of all things that were already knoasai, and tlitts to add to the means for the itn pro;seinea'i of mice'. (YsiiTe ta 4 , to increase ue ineans by sill Clesee shotlld pr^ tnepate in the advantages of science. The benefits to bo derived from the frse intercommunication of thought were almost incalculable. The knowledge of each man was then directed to one common end, and by this general mass of information a sort of table.land was formed, from which men might set out in eearch of further discoveries. The influence, said he, Which this general cultivatioa of the anted; thla ctlintieeitcing with a Capital .nesaltelggc in leading to new discoveries in sciehee, is far greater than is apparent at first view, and will appear the greater the more it is considered. Supposing, however, that the in stances may be rare in which it gives origin to any new and important discovery, yet the cases must nceessarily be of daily occurrence, - in which it leads to the secure, the economical, and .therefore . the profi-e able eppli , atioii of is already I was im pressed with this truth by what I saw on a isit last autumn to some manufacturing districts. I was struck not only with the extent of the machinery, but with the in genuity of the adaptation of well-known mechanical prin ciplee, to the accomplishment of some special purpose, of .peculiar, but great value, in each individual case. Upon asking my conductors, to whom they Were indebted for such admit-title sul9taticiiiOf pribeiptes ass learot that the mbehziniSte in each eaSe were the plain then with whom I was conversing, whose wants had led them to the study of mechanical science, and who, availing themselves of what means of studying it they could command, were enabled to make those special applications of it which their interests required. You will not wonder at the train of reflections which arose in my mind after witnessing these examples of the eedventreeee that vice froth the rie eastiott knos:eldge. Now suppose every boy were s'er instructed in this knowledge that when be became a man it should forth part and parcel of his mind. Is it possible to calculate the probabilities of improvement, af forded by that teeneral iefortriation which vie auppqr him th have acquired Is? such a ?ode Of edocation, Eut let us imagine, farther, that between all the minds similarly trained, there were to be a communication of the results of experiments—who can estimate the additional chances of success that would thence arise; and who can pre tend to calculate the advantage s of that ei;.cisete; to the commenlyS bleu drice secured, as it must become the ciimmon success of all the individuals engaged in the same ptirsuits. I need not call to your recollection the pro digious accession that has been made to the wealth of the country, merely by the improvement of the . greet roads. Atthia they-are betlea.ett teiVernool and Mancheeter a road adapted for steam-carriages. Ac cording to the trials hitherto made, it would seem that a carriage will go upon it at the rate of thirty miles an hour, and at a very trifling expense. Suppose it should be , shown that p eop l e can go w i t h sa f ety from one of these places to the other, a distance of about thirty miles, in one hour s at the cot of is., and that timilar roads, branching 'oft in ell directions frOin one, end of tlie.cMintry to the Other', .sho'sild be cYin's'itriici'eds ithai Weill hi the rteistilt of this increased facility of communication? I will indulge in no speculation, but this I will say, that what ever may be the accession of wealth that would arise from this annihilation of distance between place and place— from this astonishing facility of personal communication, the advantages that would result to the human mind by the like facility of e,otterntoliteatian misolt ttestiN tie greater and far nobier.—(Applause.) —But the machinery of making this mental intercourse perfect we actually do possess. Our grand mechanic wan Caxton—our steam-carriage is the Press. Give us but the full and unfettered use of this machine, and the dis tance between ignorance and knowledge, between prejit (lce and semen, ltetteeta ,error And 04.4, fee shall See teaiii.d her t'ie mental iravelier, even in our own :lay. Gentlemen, what would you think of the conduct of a Parliament which, in future years, after the inge nuity and capital of our own age shall have constructed the levels of what we have spoken, and thereby have pieced the remotest part of the couptry within the Was. tancs of a r pleasant )Aio6iitit's ride, should enact that telieel of every steam-carriage, built after such a date, should have a weight of a given amount affixed to it ; that blocks of granite, properly prepared for the purpose, should be carefully placed all along the even surface of the tram roads, and there should be erected, at certain distances, strong barriers; thet in otseilek' bitlete; tire trehiale 13!. t ee"lal slap While they are removed; and that, ac cordingly, at every such barrier it shall stop, not exceeding a given number of minutes? Would your notion of the wisdom of this Parliament stand the higher, even though it should entitle this Act, an Act for the better regulation of travelling, and for thsegreater eccommodittion of :bete sons goesde, chattele and co Cu ; having occasion to pass „ • ,pass over certain railways, and so on? Whatever may be thought of such an Act, its folly is immeasurably exceeded by the difficulties which are actually placed, if they are not intentionally placed in the way of the cheap, and, therefore, the easy and sure communication of ideas between the different pertioos of the tsimMtinitys. At th !6 moment we hlde ill the machinery ready prepared to our ;`heads, by which that communication might be rendered most complete and rapid ; but its wheels are clogged ; it is loaded with a weight which reduces it to the pace of a fly.. waggon of the olden time, and after all, what progress it does make, it has to make spite of all sorts of improvements, which are not only pl a c e d ill its path, lent svitkh are are-Sited for the purpose of retArdation, with surprising ing en ui ty and 5U1,..e.-(Hear.)—Th e tax upon paper, the stamp' duty upon newspapers, the tax upon advertisements, the tax upon the importation of foreign books, these are all con trivances admirably adapted to retard the progress of the Press; the mighty machine by which alone the human mind can be conveyed over ever' pat of till vqt 4ehl of knowledsges and N, tqii'ch it ia destined to enlarge the field !tself, fa. heYond the horizon, expensive as it is, which now bounds it. It has been truly said, that what is not known is to us the same as what does not exist, and that what is not thought of is the same as what is not known. Few persons have considered in their full extent the mag nitude of the evils which result fipti that exist to tlaV; 'ettky 'anq I Chea'P diflttsion of information iiifong all Classes of the people. The means of knowledge are within the reach of the wealthy ; they are not within the reach of the poor; without much difficulty and priva tion, they are not within the reach even of the middl e classes. The extent of the existing difficulties, and the mode in which they operates are, ahiSut, to ,Ne IP.id before you. ft !tab been thotight desiiable that they thbuld be laid before our legislators. It is possible that the full extent of the evil my not have occurred to many of them. It seems highly desirable that it should at least be known to ail, and that if they continue to .sin against the light of knowledge, it shall not be possible for them to plead in excuse that tile' did it In ighorgOsse..'L There is a peculiar reason shy the recalittionts about to be tubsteitriA t yen: Consideration should be passed by you, and why the petitions which it is proposed to found upon them, should emanate from you : because the evils in question press with great force upon the noble institution which you have formed_noble in its object, no less than in the spirit and in the exertions which heirka its success. Bet they Vess With like 'force open every Ana ittgo`as institution, and in fact upon every individual in the community whose ambition it is to be wise, and whose interest it is to be virtuous. It is to be hoped, therefore, that the voice which reaches Parliament from this place will be echoed from innumerable places through the coun try, and will increase it as it rise uhtil it beconte, aiad is felt to be, the voice of the hatloti.:ses(Load slurs.) Mrs ells H. tasetor said he did nut expect he need be answer snatsfnhtoderr eeaticdmoa instruction icthes dutyquestion, o n newspapers The Institution coat to of meansppueree:dl au e opfee with r to , n ea e nt hd o e f ya the ue were ee l a mt r h g een e mostt i h te e m pf s cpu b tati i a t mr h i e ot i fi r e eet the Managetnent was required to furnish the largest possible supply of them to the members. This supply was limited much within a convenient amount by their enor mous expense. It might astonish some of the members , to bear that nearly one-third of their literary expenditure I was for Newspapers, of which, independently of the pay ment for the labour of distribution, upwards ot,two hundred per cent. was paid as taxes to Government. The taxes also on advertisements, which were about one hundred per cent. entered largely into the coat of books, the other portion of their literary expendiure. This tax also pre vented the advertising to the requisite extent the lectures of their professors, and the various courses of public in struction delivered at their Institution. Lastly, they paid heavily for the tax upon paper. This particular moment had been chosen, because the Government, had announced an intention to equalise the English and Irish stamp duties. ieTow, if nisei veere elotie with reipect to tile steely duties by raising the duty on Irish tee wsPaperi:, which was 2d. on each paper, to the duty on English papers, Which was altla 4d., the effect would be to crush the Irish Pep is. The assimilation might to be made by bringing th e duty on the English paper to the level of that on the by which course, in all probability, the revenue wool(' gain largely. In Paris, where there was a less Minierous rim illation with lam wealth, the number of copies enhe , oe th e ft japers, Which were :exit BO highly taxed, exeeedA Rack thea.lial , s of , the most e gigantic paper in England, the `dr i es. The, banititutidnnel was said to sell from 30 to 40,000 daily; The i linirnal des Debate Fold 25,000 daily. The Conrrier Frankals sold about an equal number. The Quotidienne sold about 14,000 daily. The Times, it appeared by a Parliamentary Beturn in 1821, mold little more than 8,000 daily (in this ineteopolis of a million and a half of inhabitants), and the ocher Paity rfeeninet Papae did not Fell half that number. On the authority cf the I7dit6e. Cf s the Seceisoicen, and an article in the IVesfminster " Ta,Xes on Literature," it appeared that in the United Stater, of „Xiiee- ; rice there was scarcely a town containing 8 or 10,000 inha bitants which had not a Daily Paper, whilst there was not one town in the whole of Great Britain, except the metro polie, no, net even Birmingham, Manchester, or Liverpool, with ell ti-ioe Capital; that could support a Daily Paper.— (Heat.) The enoembne preihrieitoty it was that created the difference against this more wiealtfil anen irduetritius country, that caused the diffusion of useful knowledge to be restricted, and stood in the way of national pro gression in civilization..—(Applause.)—lt would be de monstrated, that, even admitting that the matters in question were legitimate subjects for taxation, they were enbrr 3 / 4 6eislcbee , eed thr e emount at which they would be most productive to the revenue; Ndt there ems some chance of evidence of this sort comire within the range of perception of a Minister.—(Hear.)—Formerly the an swer of a Chancellor of the Exchequer, and the practical logic of those whose wirdom governed our offiirs, when urged ta'reinit or reduce a tax which pressed injuriously on any branch of the national industry, was to this effect : —" CeetlerneiOn the opinion of every person who has to pay a particelar tees, the te. ii az Ceil, tied °tight to be remitted. But as Government cannot do Oithotit all the taxes, so it can do without none."—(Laughter.) All persons were interested in removing taxes, therefore no complaints against taxes were to be believed. This was the Exchequer logic, at h act of former times, by which the trouble of weighing evidence, or of adjustieg or changing burthens, *at BOA . , All toneideeatien of moral consequences was excluded from abstract speculation; and as io the !neon venienees of tradesmen, and that sort of people, they were beneath the dignity of the comprehension of a Minister of State. It was only by the public voice, aid ing the efforts of enlightened men in the Legislature, that imprbve;:i.;3n6 s'eie at length perceived and understood, . and introduced by th e U o v e rnm e tt. Experience : had often shown, however, that money was to be gainer uy a reduction of taxation ; and this, he was convinced by the consideration of a great mass of evidence, would be the conseliiO4.ce ofa rediikion iii trait most. important part of the taxes on knowledge, imposed in the shape. of a stamp duty on Newspapers, and a duty on Advertisements. Poe the middling classes, the supply of information was costly and inconvenient. Two persons generally, and frequently a largo number of persona, subscribed for the use of one raPer fortieri, of the clay, when they were only able to obtain a nasty Thete e weee few of those persons who subscribed for the use a: 6. faevet, who would not purchase one for their own use, were the tax reduced ; numbers would then subscribe, who now seldom looked at a Paper, and many would keep them for reference. A large proportion of the people never tea& the Newspapers at all; and others only reii.,(l.iierp . _..icciclentaily . .•4 The intense interest, the anetious cliTioeity cf sioie!!•,, eiaeeee for Netee paper reading canno t h e mote stricthr 11 . 5ved than by reference to a fact which every member mast have witnessed, viz. the compact crowds collected at the front of those newspaper office', where they ex pose a sheet of their publication within, or what is more berievoletit, on the cuteide of their windows. All phi. lanthrof?i to rii4(l til:odue,m6ti woeld ecirriondedge that it • a was of the utm os t i m po r t a n ce tnae newspapers enetuu be read by this v er y c l ass o f p erson s. By the paper's tliey were saved from a thousand delusions ; there was scarcely a daily newspaper published which did not con tain some useful instruction for them, It was only by mane of the newspapers that they could obtain a know • ihe were E opn±> tg obi There ' was a large portion of soci e ty who had t:citittr the wilt rior capacity either of head or of pocket, to read or study books : all the literary knowledge they could obtain was what the newspapers could . afford; and that source was restricted by the tax on knowledge. One could only sup thit bArNirotis >t tax Could h.eve been.imposed by some rapacious minister, who goaded by proairig nete , eitye made in more ignorant times, seizes—reckless of all mo , al and: political consequences—upon the first instruments which could be rendered profitable. It had been retained partly perhaps from political bigotry, partly because dai'y habits eentinteed for Rare j ued so intimately associated, a newspaper, with a King 'o eta* th4t feseep!l bad almost learned to think it would not be a paper containing authentic news, if the intellectual supervision of the Royal crown was removed from a corner of the sheet. To prove, however, the possibility of the existence of such an instrument without a stamp, he produced a paper pub lielee;i At Mei-riser( Jt. wets nearly of thp, name sire .as The Sun, and was sold for twopence.-4llear, ileac. ).;-: It must be admitted, that it had not such excellence in typographical execution, or similar literary ability, but it showed what might be down by the application of metro politan capital.—(Hear.)--The extent of the improve- Tente Which might be introduced,, could not be foreseen. he detects Which et present eiisted id the Press . .rere numerous and obvious. Let it be observed too, ss.'id he, that this tax upon knowledge is mischievous in yet an other respect. It enhances too enormously the expense of a newspaper establishment; it swells en prodigiously the capital required to conduct one successfully, that it exposes this mart valuable department of literature to all the evils of triiieip . olie It throws the oea ititk the hands of a few large capitalists ; it renders the variety of neviitafeer; small. Thus competition has but little controul, or at least the market is not open to all the talent, to the ex ercise and fair struggle of every political party, truth is not sifted to the very bottom,the public are left to the guidance of a few powerful journals=-powerful, not for theirtalent, but for their te'remAetiiite,teitlelarete,tepitel; which did not always fall into the hands ef the most intellecti 4 al est Sm. low; whit , it is needful that the public mind should be inetructei by newspapers, it is not the less needful that that instruction should be of the best Fort, arid that can be attained only by the most full and free competition. There are thousands of persons who read nothing but newspapers, the reading of by fae tb itie!otitea iH eOOOlO teeepe. There are a cer- Uri set oP men Whose political tie, I'oo others who believe what the llforning Herald believes ; a third class who make up their bundle of political opinions from the Morning Advertiser; and not a few of the vulgar and the clergy, who borrow their morality from the Age and Sunday Jahn Bull. Those persona who read but one fiateier ekv, pik_;bably fAlbeeei'.Va tot two, or thee". Now they read but one side of the question—thir own; then they would compare their own opinions with the ar gument of the opposing party; every shade of political opinion would be reflected, and then would be what is now far removed—free trade in politico Next to the opportunity for , getting,at political . information, it is desirable that the moat m et h re e d d e o t i tti o V i o a ri p a ar i t l , ld an e d is e b n i : s ti e nra ti g e pablie c h2e m e iii-i n ;1 1 habits of daily examination. Thus, you see, that by re ducing the tax upon paper, you improve the character of the papers—and both by that means, and by the facilities also afforded fur a more complete comparison of opinions, you incalculably enhance their usefulness,—(Applause. ) It iet:o aituitietee agrtinit thSa reasori!ng to arnrini that by the diffusion of newspaper litoestilre g the .pSoplee they are liable to be misled by political etnpirki an:; todi•: tious demagogues. It is the diffusion of this very litera ture that will eave them from being thus deluded and mis ' led. It is only the ignorant who can be duped; it is tl.e enlightened and instructed who can best appreciate the advatiniges of sOhial order, and who will m a k e s a c rifi ce s to the verj last eAtierhit3s to iii. - sseive aid tha!rttaift it. Ob serving and well-informed men say, that it is to the heifer instruction of the people that we must attribute the sub mission and quietness with which they have passed through the starving trial of the last two years,---that had they been exposed to the tittle deprivation 30 years ago, violence and plunder of every sort would hate resulted. The errors into which the people have in any paetieuler districts been driven, under despair, have not resulted from the inflam matory writings of the papers, but from the absence of those salutary guides in the time of commotion. If the people of Lancashire had been instructed by newspaper discussions upon the causes of their distress, if disquisitions upon political science were c h eap enough to be adm i tte d i nto t h e weaver's garret, the firing of factories, the dashing to pieces of power looms, would not have marked the course of a starving, an infuriated, but an ignorant and deluded mob. If, .Sir, that full tide of knowledge and intelligence were let in upon the whole people, which the members of this Institution so freely enjoy, their passions would be cooled and tempered in times of excitement and distress, or rather the causes of extreme suffering would be di minished, and perhaps ultimately removed. If the people were instructed, as they might be, by cheap newspapers, mobs would not be known ; the panic, the electric impulse which darts through an excited and congregated milF;m, wotd.l he attested, neutralized, destroyed.—(Hear.)—ln Lot :Th olio, nor means of making mad a sufferitig renitts; c.:»titi: be found. Clint reasoninv, calculating forethought WOUM :see.' aft moth distinguish the lower classes, as it does the upper, TO arrppose that you educate the people by merely enabling them' try teed and write, is as wise as if you were to suppose you entailed a man to see by giving him spectacles. That those faculties might he of use they must constantly be exercised in the reception of nseful knowledge. lie concluded by moving a resolution expteaeive of the opinion of the meeting, that the ta7tes - cruestioti Operate directly to the discouragement of Mater) . titiderif!akittge, and of the diffusion of knowledge among the peotllt!--=oltleeris Which the beat and most en lightened Sovereigns and &al - 4!turttn• het in all ages been anxious to promote. Mr. IlioxsoN, in an energetic speech, suppotted the motion. B'etteral gentlemen not having had an opportunity of speAinl, and the subject hav,ing excited great interest, the n'Oon'rrOtititil the following evening. Mr. W. lefiort said, that, when they solicited from the Legislature d teviVt.: 6Y- revision of enactments, operating to counteract the utility (71 O. and all similar institutions, or tending generally to retar4 erg rogress of Information through all classes, they were settilig an example'. which he trusted would be' ultimately followed bj Wry . constituted body throughout the king dom. .fie tOweri the, the efferts of all who regarded the , mord or social welferi , of trankind, or the interests of lite rature, would be united in ill% Vesti,./.. The object of the meeting was intimately connected with, throe classes of subjects, which he had long considered were of granter im mediate importance to society than any of the topics Which tfeanlly , farmed the themes of plitical declamation. The first related t^ the vaneral diffusion of knowledge among all classes ; the full, kee, , ttnimpeded circulation of all known facts invslving any in6rat, - ete4al, scientific or reli gious truth. The second was, that the feVttftiee of a Go• vernment ought never to be drawn from duties oVefatitltg as bounties on ignorance, or tending to fetter the commer cial rehrions of mankind, or to limit the production of ycettlth. The third was the total abolition of all monopo lies, Whethtir affecting trade or agriculture, science or re ligion. Of the latter Clic% it sees not his province to speak. He was of opinion that the di/ 1 .4161in of knowledge among all classes was a subject second to ,none it import ance. He cared but little comp ,ratively for whateter might exist in any country, if an Egyptian darkness of Mind were not one of them ; and if the means of informs tiO'n vier± attAiaille by all, for but few evils could exist for which kriotiledge calP not provide a remedy. lie would say to those who declaimed abort an excess of taxation, and to the advocates of rettenchmett rnd cco- nomy in the expence of Government—" your zeal is well, and it is highly commendable, but yet it might receive a better direction." It was not so much taxation that was au evil, as the thcrthl of taxation, not so much the amount raised, as the mannet id v'thielt it was raised.—(llear.) Let the Legislature throw open all the channels of in dustry, by removing all restrictions on trade, and all enattmentei operating. to limit production ; let them also abolish all mondpOlfee; and all taxes which tend to raise knowledge to a pricz. sd Ili& as to place it be yond the reach of the humbler el9T9es. Let them have trade and agriculture, and mind free, and Mot let them if they pleased, even double the number of their plates and (IrSetttEM and augment the revenue of the country by fair, iegiCreife; and well-adjusted taxes, and with the immense resources a fve cvuntry the burden would be scarcely felt —(Hear, ) vrafr a mistake to sup pose that the most pure system of repregetttation, or the most perfect form of Government, would be ri remedy for the existing evils, without extending the means of itfor untion to all. The people must be taught to understand their riwnkiterests, to see the resonableness of obedience to Idvii9 fratfted fc'r their good, and to cease to he their own enemies, a! they :*ere and must remain while the want of knowledge kept therri 'Alder the influence of a thousand delusions. The stamp duty on fievvepapers, the duty on advertisements, and the taxes on foreigd books, have a most fatal tendency to compel those who would learn to remain ignorant, and to perpetuate the reign of red ignotance, and moral and social disorder. Newspapers he edLet!eted the most efficient channels of general information of any Ptitilli_.;e:tierrr, which issue from the press, becutse they excited a general litA almost uni versal interest, from treating of local incidents add peeing events affecting the happiness and welfare of all. They a 740; showed the existing relations of society, and supplied an immense Mak dr ;dens in which they might reason and philosophize. The dearness of t'tesyspapers, owing to the stamp, greatly limits their circulatidm Itx the country they were consequently rare and inaccessible to the pea santry, and to the major part of the inhabitants of the small towns. rle effects in their moral condition would, on examination, fi"xed to be striking. A most bene ficial change would almOii ite'ltantaneously be effected in ! the social character of the people, if, by the removal or reduction of the duty, newspapers could be Made !so cheap as to be able to penetrate into their most remote and be nighted districts. A wise and beneficent Government would thet all ita proceedings should be known, and that its laws should ptermulgated and caused to be un derstood through the most of iciat channels, and would not fear the influence of newspapers on Welk opinion.— (Hear.)—Our present rulers, he thought, manifeaftd an earnest desire to forward the interests of the people, and lie 4art therefore encouraged to hope for much success from the exertions of realatleee of this institution. It would be, indeed, to expect too mucii Mit the good intentions of any Government, that they should be very etctist or soli citous about this matter, if those who were most tOticerned manifested apathy and indifference, and were silent od tbt elubtect.—(Applause.) Xii.A.:ef said, that the reduction of the tax would work this iniportaa eed for the public ; it would in crease the securities for good ctirultiet On the part of the leading Journals, the Morning Papers. 'ilidste Papere had sounded the soesin against monopolies, and had done Well they had boldly attacked interests against the public, in which they (the newspaper proprietors) had no concern, Vat they 110 at the same time protected other interests in which titey wee P cL'ficetttedi and which were equally noxious to the public.—(l -leaf, hedrq-frz those cases where there was room for just attack, as fit the instance of several retail trades, they had pursued them tti a &cost unjust and unwarrantable extent, and had refused to insert evidence iu answer or mitigation.—(Hear.)--There being not? beet few Daily Journals, and those Journals being seldom ia s tht Imr..:cis of tile most pure or most enlightened persons, the conduct o! theft rapers was constantly di rected by motives of the lowest and riAaft sordid descrip tion. Exceptions Clare were of course. But flfe einallness of the number ofDailyPapers enabled them to suppress 'm.; pertant facts, and there was scarcely a department of the Peilt Morning Papers in which those most conversant with htd not constantly to complain of mis management arising 6 . 66 i'gfroranee or corruption.— (f L::.)—This was especially the Calle in commercial matters. Now, if tho mischievous monopoly in rews papers were abated, there would be increased securities ft!r the full and fair publication of truth, and the journals ttoold be of a character to do higher credit to the intellect of the natiVn,r A long discussion arose on rtatters entirely foreign to the merits of the resolution, on which OIC meeting ap peared to be unanimous. It was contended that this was a political question, in which the institution ought not to interfere. The motion was carried by an overwhelming majority, ifiir Vet) , able speeches from Mr. Hodge, Mr. Capes, and several other geiAletten. On the motion Mr. WORDSWORfIi, (nf the Inner Tem ple,) a rtallution was pissed directing the Cottnnittee of Management to prepare a memorial to the Lords of the Treasury, and petitions to both Houses of Parliament, pray ing for a remission or a reduction of the taxes in question. Qtn tht motion of Mr. KNArr, who congratulated the nitrillstrg dit having all their committee-men of liberal sen timents, tliailits were evett to the Committee of Manage ment, for their promptitude in aceecilitg to the request of the requisition in its calling tbe present meeting. Mr. WILLIAM CouLsort (the surgeon and anatomical lecturer) expressed the pleasure he felt at having amongst them in their service on the present occasion, one of the brighrit ornaments of his profession—a gentleman whose ability as a practitioner was accompanied by the bighest and most varied powers of mind as philanthropist and philosopher. He moved the thanks of the meeting to their Chairman, and they were carried by acclamation. The meeting then separated. TAVISTOCK HOUSE, TAVISTOCK- SQUARE. —This fine plot of ground, extendir.g to nearly two acres, and the mansion in which the late Mr. PEARY resided fur many years previously to his death, are, we under. Sr JAMES MAcuNTosir, and t o b e ndon High School," for th e sons o l stand, going to be co nverted into an establishment fur the education of y outh, upon a p lan recom in the metropoliv, wh ere every b ranc h gc m ae e nl I n : d lde e rn d ,e, aTb residing e Lio of learning and science is intended to be taught, and the i t n h e at cl i d e i a t d i on t o languages, the ex te arens extensive h p e l a y e - x g t r r o e u m n e d ly s , c harges for education, which will include a ll th e li v i ng a nd m a o re de r r e a t t a e i . ned T f l o i: unrestricted enjoyment of the fine plantations in these grounds, now arr i ve d at matur i ty , pupils during leisure hours. MEETING OF THE MIDDLESEX MAC AS- TRATES. Yesterday the name} S'essional Meeting of the Magistrates took place at the Sessions house, Clerkenwell•gteen. FRANCIS CONST, Esq. presided ai Chairman. The subject of the Bill of the Clerk a the Peace %I-as father postponed, in consequerea or the fee of that (Ace being under the eonsiderati;v et sa Committee of the House of Commons. On the 7arion3 parishes in arrear to the roantr rate being read ore?, it appea ed that Spitaltieldc wai four, and Bethna7-green lire rates in arrear. Various other parishes were in arrear from to two three rates. Mr. Serjesnt PELL moved that in every case where two rates were due process should be issued. Mr. MILLS seconded the motion. The motion was carried, and summonses mdered to be issu-d against the parishes in arrear. COUNTY ALLOWANCE TO WITNESSES. Sir PETER LAURIZ moved, that as the expense of paying witnesses for their attendance, either on that Court or the Court of Old Bailey, was greatly in creasing., it wai desirable to take the st7bject into consideration, and that they should, under the au thority of the 7tly of George the Fourth, fix the rates to be allowed to witnesses. Se►jeant P►tLL considered the county waa loder an obligation to Sir Peter Laurie for bringing !he suhjrct forward. Mr. BuouGuToN said, the principle of paying witneisei ova g one adopted by the Cow t of King' s Deitch, after dne deliberation, and he thought they ought to pause before they altered it. _METROPOLITAN POLICE ESTABLISH MENT. 10F111 DRYDEN . , IN Thu MATTER OP TUE DUKE or WELLINGTON V. HOWLE'rf AND JEPPERIES. This was an inquiry with regard to the miscon duct of two police coretabto„ Howlett and Jefferies, who arrested the comp/el:tent for an alleged assault on Arthur, Duke of WeHinton, whilst he was walking through Parliament-grert, on the forenoon of Monday, the Ist of March last. Mr. Commissioner MAINE presided. Complainant, who, it may be recollected, had been incarcerated in Tothill-fields prison, now ruled his witnesses to sustain this accusation. Mr. Thomas Dennis, the landlord of the Coacfs and Horses, at Lambeth, stated, that during the. evening cf the Ist of March, between nine and ten o'clock, Serjearrt Jefferies came to his house, and told witness that the complainant had . jttst beep, committed to Tothill-fiebds prison for assault* tlivi Duke of Wellington; and also that he (Serjteant Jefferies) was afraid it would go very hard vs.itilv him, as the Duke's life was threatened once before, and since Dryden had declared he would mark the Duke, these was every reason to believe that I?try den was the very man who formerly had atter:lvo& ' his life. This witness knew besides, that the polite , constiNes were treated, if not even paid, by Dry den's friends, to procure his liberation. William Monkt, tobarcn-pipe-malter, of Lambeth butts, stated that he had given the two policemen both liquor and money on the forenoon of the 2d of March, at the Rose and Crown, Dartmouth -street, lilt the understanding of Dryden's being soon libe rated from his confinement in Tothill-6elds, which happened on the evening of that day, without any sort of bail being then asked for, and without his (Dryden's) knowledge, and to his great surprise. Howlett and Jefferies, upon being put upon their defence, tried to substantiate 'an alibi, as to the treating part of the charge; but they were admo nished tct b circumspect and be silent. Mr. Commissioner MAINE then ordered them to be dismissed the service. SINKING OF A COLLIER, AND MIRAOIJ LOUS PRESERVATION OF THE CREW. On Wednesday night an accident occurred on the river Thames, which had nearly been attended with the loss of several lives, owing to the sinking of the brig Anna, Captain Wallace, master, a Newcastle collier, lying at Bell Wharf Tier, in the Lower Pool, Shadwell. The vessel, which was laden with coals, arrived at Newcastle on Wednesday morning, and moored off the above place. Nothing which could have indicted the occurrence of any accident was evident during the day, and the captain, mate,. aid crew (the whole we understand were on board), retired t 9 rest at their usual hour. Yesterday morn ing, between one and two o'clock, about the time of high water, they were greatly alarmed, and disturbed in their berths, by finding that the brig had sprung a leak, and that the vessel was rapidly filling with water. All hands on board instantly bestirred them selves, and bad recourse to the pumps, which were however found useless, being choked up. The sea men observing the ship was fast sinking, lost no time in jumping into a boat alongside, and hardly had they done so when the vessel went down, al most swallowing them up in the vortex tbu3 made, leaving her masts and rigging alone visible. The only cause that has been assigned by those along shore acquainted with the subject, to account for the sudden loss of the vessel, is, that she must have dropped upon pn anchor lying in the bed of the river, where the A n ;:aa was moored; and it is sap posed the anchor prickeda hole in the bottom of tf." brig, and through the apertuo thus made the wate. entered, and the ship having almost immediate!) filled, she went down. The annual festival of the Benevolent Society' for detii..ting poor married women at their emu houses, and provididg them with medicine, midwives, and ether necessaries, took place at the Freemasons' Tavola, on Tuesday last, and was intended by nearly 200 gentlemen. Some delay occurred in coneecntence of the non-arrival of Lord Nenerr, who had signified his attention of presid ing, and in his absence Lord Warafoewn took the chair. Lord geottir, however, arrived after dinner, and oct counted fot the seeming incivility with which he had treated the compel, by stating that he went Isy mistake to the Crown and Aricite tavern, and from thence was directed to the London Tann., Bishopsgate-street, where he posted with all speed, and ma kit arrival was informed that the festival took place at the Freermtesons'. He lost no time iv endeavouring to retrieve the error into which' he had been led by the head-waiter at the Crown and An chor, but it Mewed, with all his haste, that he had " ju.t arrived in time to be too late."—(Laughter.) Hie Lordship, in the course of thn evening, was elected Presi dent of the society, which, sinew its formation, has re.- Here] so lets than 150,000 poor married women. Th.: healths of the Noble Chairman, Lord WXYMOUTIS, Sir R. BIaNIE (the Treasurer), and Dr. Gitaireutx (the Physician), were drunk in sneeresion, and alie avenin; passed off in the greatest harmony. RAID OF RunivEN.--Moderation being promised, on the part of the vietorioss insurgents, the- Kim; received the armed petitioners with a eonsiderablin degree of dignity. To Lord Haarwros, who, is proem dence of blood, was the first to offer hie homage, he re plied, " My Lord, I never before saw you ; and I lung confess, of all that a-e here, you have been most wrospri, having been a faithfid servant to . the Queen my mothe.u. during my minority, and subject to:dlusage, when I tinier stood not matters as I now do.—Others of you," he said, looking to the Lords eoncerned in the raid of Runtven„ "cannot but say that you have had your deserts, and suf fered no more than your misdemeanours merited. For thee, FRANCIS," he continued, addressing the Eul of BornwELL, who bad joined the invaders since their entrance into Scotland, " what could move thee to come in arms against a Sovereign who never offended thee? I wish thee a more quiet spirit, and acknowledge how tee live as a subject, as otherwise thou wilt fall into much troub'e." This Earl of BoTzIwELL, whom Jamits so apestrophised, was FRANCIS STUART, grandson of King JAMES the Fifth, by his natural son, and, oonsequently a cousin-german of the reigning Monarch. The estates and honours of Bothwell and lordship of Liddesdale had been conferred upon him after the forfeiture of the in famous JAMES HIPSURN; but it seems as if the very title was doomed to infect those who bore it with a strain of inordinate and turbulent ambition. 'For this nobleman became a principal source of disorder during King James's reign, as he who had formerly borne the title Was the pest and shame of Qneen Mawr's, so that the spree!, addressed to him by the King at the raid of Stirling seemed, in some degree, prophetiv........Dr. Zardner's C v a i " net cyclopedia, Vol. IV. t , ,N s_t \\e