The Sun. — London, England, 1864-10-01 00:00:00

The Operations at Mobile. Admiral Farragut's full official report of the ope rations in Mobile Bay is now published, and will be found to contain some most interesting particn■ lars : "United States' flagship Hartford, Mobile Bay, Aug. 12. Sir,—l had the honour to forward the department on the evening of the sth inst. a report of my entree into Mobile Bay on the morning of that day, and which, though brief, contained all the principal facts of the attack. Notwithstanding the loss of life, particularly on this ship, and the terrible dime ter to the Tecumseh, the result of the fight was a glorious victory ; and I have reason to feel proud of the officers, seamen, and marines of the squadron under my command, fur it has never fallen to the lot of an officer to be thus situated and thus sus tained. Regular discipline will bring men to any amount of endurance, but there is a natural fear of bidden dangers, particularly when so awfully dee structive of human life as the torpedo, which re quires more than discipline to overcome. Prelimi nary to a report of the action of the sth I desire to call the attention of the department to the previous steps taken in consultation with Generals Canby find Granger on the Bth of July. I had an inter view with these officers on board the Hartford, on the subject of an attack upon Forts Morgan and Gaines, at which it was agreed that General Canby should send all the troops he could spare to co-ope rate with the fleet. Circumstances soon obliged General Canby to inform me that he could not de spatch a sufficient number to invest both forts, and in reply I suggested that Gaines should be the first invested, engaging to have a force in the Sound ready to protect the landing of the army on Dau phin Island, in the rear of that fort, and I assigned Lieutenant-Commander Da Krafft, of the Cone maugh, to that duty. On the let inst. General Granger visited me again on the Hartford. In the meantime the Tecumseh had arrived at Pensacola, and Capt. Craven informed me that he would be ready in four days for any service. We therefore fixed upon August 4 as the day for the landing of the troops and my entrance into the bay, but owing, to delays mentioned in Capt. Jenkins' communica tion to me, the Tecumseh was not ready. General Granger, however, to my mortification, was up to the time, and the troops actually landed on Dauphin Island. As subsequent events proved, the delay turned to our advantage, ae the rebels were busily engaged during the 4th in throwing troops and supplies into Fort Gaines, all of which were cap tured a few days afterwards. The Tecumseh arrived on the evening of the 4th, and, everything being propitious, I proceeded to the attack on the follow ing morning. As mentioned in my previous de spatch, the vessels outside the bar which were de signed to participate in the engagement were all under way at 5.40 in the morning in the following order, two abreast and lashed together :—The Brooklyn, Capt. Alden, with the Octarora, Lieut.- Commander Green, on the port side; the Hartford, Capt. Drayton, with the Metacomet, Lieut.-Com mander Jouett ; the Richmond, Capt. Jenkins, with the Port Royal, Lieut.-Commander Gherardi ; the Lackawanna, Capt. Marchand, with the Seminole, Commander Donaldson ; the Monongahela, Cora. mender Strong, with the Kennebec, Lieut.-Com mander M'Cann ; the Ossipee, Commander Leroy, with the Itasca, Lieut.-Commander Brown ; the Oneida, Commander Mullany, with Galena, Lieut... Commander Wells. The ironclads Tecumseh, Com mander Craven ; the Manhattan, Commander Nicholson; the Winnebago, Commander Stevens; and the Chicksaw, Lieut.-Commander Perkins, were already ahead inside the bar, and had been ordered to keep up their positions on the starboard side of the wooden ships, or between them and Fort Mor gan, for the double purpose of keeping down the fire from the water battery and the parapet guns of the fort, as well as to attack the ram Tennessee as soon as the fort was passed. It was only at the urgent request of the captains and commanding officers that I yielded to the Brooklyn being the leading ship of the line, as she had four chase guns and an ingenious arrangement for picking up tor pedos, and because, in their judgment, the flagship ought not to be too much exposed. This I believe to be an error; for, apart from the fact that exposure ie one of the penalties of rank in the navy, it will always be the aim of the enemy to destroy the flag.. ship, and, as will appear in the sequel, such attempt was very persistently made, but Providence did not p:rmit it to be successful. The attacking fleet steamed steadily up the main ship channel, the Tecumseh firing the first shot at 6 47. At 7 6 the fort opened upon us, and was replied to by a gun from the Brooklyn, and immediately after the action became general. It was soon apparent that there was some difficulty ahead. The Brooklyn, for some cause which I did not then clearly understand, but which has since been explained by Capt. Alden in his report. arrested the advence of the whole fleet, while at the same time the guns of the fort were playing with great effect upon that vessel and the Hartford. A moment after I saw the Tecumseh, struck by a torpedo, disappear instantaneously beneath the waves, carrying with her her com mander and nearly all her crew. I determined at once, as I had originally intended, to take the lead, and, after ordering the Metacomet to send a boat to save, if possible, any of the perishing crew, I dashed ahead with the Hartford, and the ships fol• lowed on, their officers believing that they were going to a noble death with their commander-in-chief. I steamed through between the buoys where the tor pedoes were supposed to have been sunk. These buoys had been previously examined by my Flag- Lieut. J. Crittenden - Watson, in several Lightly ree connaissances. Though he had not been able to discover the sunken torpedoes, yet we had been as sured by refugees, deserters, and others of their ex istence ; but, believing that from their having been some time in the water they were probably innocu ous, I determined to take the chance of their explo- sion, From the moment I turned to the north-west ward to clear the middle ground we were enabled to keep such a broadside fire upon the batteries of Fort Morgan that their guns did us comparatively little injury. Just after we passed the fort, which was about 10 minutes before 8 o'clock, the ram Tennessee dashed out at this ship, as had been expected, and in anticipation of which I had ordered the monitors on the starboard side. I took no iurther notice of her than to return her fire. The rebel gunboats Morgan, Gaines, and Selma were ahead, and the latter particularly annoyed us with a raking fire, which our guns could not return. At two minutes after 8 o'clock I ordered the Metae,omet to cast off and go in pursuit of the Selma. Captain Jouett was after her in a moment, and in an hour's time he had her as a prize. S'ae was commanded by P. N. Murphy, formerly of the United States Navy. He was wounded in the wrist; his executive officer, Lieut. Comstock, and eight of the crew killed, and seven or eight wounded. Lieut.-Commander Jonett's conduct during the whole effair commands my warm est commendations. The Morgan and Gaines suc ceeded in escaping under the protection of the guns of Fort Morgan, which would have been prevented had the other gunboats been as prompt in their movements as the Metacomet. The want of pilots, however, I believe, was the principal difficulty. The Gaines was so injured by our fire that she had to be run ashore, where sho was subsequently destroyed but the Morgan escaped to Mobile during the night, though she was chased and fired into by our cruisers. Iliving passed the forts and dispersed the enemy's gunboats I had ordered most of the vessels to anchor, when I perceived the ram Tennessee standing up for this ship ; this was at 845 o'clock. I was not long in comprehending her interests to be the de struction of the fl igship. The monitors and such the wooden vessels as I thought best adapted for the purpose were immediately ordered to attack the ram, not only with their guns, but bows on at full speed, &nd then began one of the fiercest naval combats on record. The ,7,lonongaliela, Commander Strong, was the first vessel that struck her, and in doing so carried away his own iron prow, together with the cutwater , , without a p parently doing his ad versary much injury. The Lackawanna, Capt. Mar chand, was the next vessel to strike her, which she did at fall speed , but, though her stern was cut and crushed to the plank ends for the distanceon only 3ft above the water's edge to s ft below, the perceptible effect on the ram was to give her a heavy lift. The Hartford was the third vessel which struck her, but, as the Tennessee quickly shifted her helm, the blow was a glancing one, and as she rasped along our side we poured our whole broadside of 9-inch solid shot within 10ft of her casement. The monitors worked slowly, but delivered their fire as opportu nity offered. : The Chickasaw succeeded in getting under her stern, and a 15-in. shot from the Man hattan broke through her iron plating and heavy wooden backing, though the missile itself did not enter the vessel. Immediately after the collision with the flagship I directed Capt. Drayton to bear down for the ram again. He was doing so at full speed, when, unfortunately the Lackawanna ran into the Hartford just forward of the mizenmast, cutting her down to within two feet of the water's edge. We soon got clear again, however, and were fast approaching our adversary when she struck her colours and ran up the white flag. She was at this time sore beset; the Chickasaw was pounding away at her stern, the Ossipee was approaching her at full speed, and the Monongahela, Lackawanna, and this ship were bearing down upon her, deter mined upon her destruction. Her smoke-stack had been shot away, her steering chains were gone, com■ pelling a resort to her relieving tackles, and several of the port shutters were jammed. Indeed, from the time the Hartford struck her until her surrender she never fired a gun. As the Ossipee, Commander Le Roy, was about to strike her, she hoisted the white flag, and that vessel immediately stopped her engine, though not in time to avoid a glancing blow. During the contest with the rebel gunboats and the ram Ten nessee, and which terminated by her surrender at 10 o'clock, we lost many more men than from the fire of the batteries of Fort Morgan. Admiral Buchanan was wounded in the leg, two or three of his men were killed, and five or six wounded. Commander John ston, formerly of the United States Navy, was in command of the Tennessee, and came on board the flagship to surrender his sword and that of Admiral Buchanan. The surgeon, Dr Conrad, came with him, stated the condition of the Admiral, and wished to know what was to be done with him. Fleet Surgeon Palmer, who was on board the Hartford during the action, commiserating the suffering of the wounded, suggested that those of both sides be sent to Pensa cola, where they could be properly cared for. I therefore addressed a note to Brigadier-General R. L. Page, commanding Fort Morgan, informing him that Admiral Buchanan and others of the Tennessee had been wounded, and desiring to know whether he would permit one of our vessels, under a lag of truce, to convey them with or without our men wounded to Pensacola, on the understanding that the vessel should take out none but the wounded, and bring nothing back that she did not take out. This was acceded to by General Page, and the Metacomet proceeded on this mission of humanity. As I had an elevated position on the main rig ging near the top, I was able to overlook not only the deck of the Hartford, but the other vessels of the fleet. I witnessed the terrible effect of the enemy's shot and the good conduct of the men at their guns; and although, no doubt, their hearts sickened, as mine did, when their shipmates were struck down beside them, yet there was not a mo ment's hesitation to lay their comrades aside and spring again to their deadly work. Our little con sort, the Metacomet, was also under my immediate eye daring the whole action up to the moment I ordered her to cast off iu pursuit of the Selma. The coolness and promptness of Lieutenant - Commander Jouett throughout merit high praise; his whole conduct was worthy of his reputation, In this con nection I must not omit to call the attention of the department to the conduct of Acting Ensign Henry C. Nields, of the Metacomet, who had charge of the boat sent from that vessel when the Tecumseh sunk. He took her in under one of the most galling fires I ever saw, and succeeded in rescuing from death ten of her crew within 600 yards of the fort. I would respectfully recommend his advancement. The commanding efficers of all the vessels who took part in the action deserve, my warmest commenda• tions, nut only for the untiring zeal with which they had prepared their ships for the contest, but for their skill and daring is carrying out my orders during the engagement. With the exception of tht, momentary arrest of the fleet when the Hartford passed ahead, and to which I have already adverted, the order of battle was preserved, and the ships followed each other in close order past the batteries of Fort Morgan, and in comparative safety, too, with the exception of the Oneida. Her boilers were penetrated by a shot from the fort, which com pletely disabled her, but her consort, the Galena, firmly fastened to her side, brought her safely through, showing clearly the wi9clutn of the precau tion of carrying the vessels in two abreast. Como mander Mullany, who had solicited to take part in the action, was severely wounded, losing his left arm. In the encounter with the ram the command- ing officers obeyed with alacrity the order to run her down, and without hesitation exposed their ships to destruction to destroy the enemy. Our iron clads, rrom weir stow speed and bad sailing, had some difficulty in getting into and maintaining their position in line as we pissed the fort, and in the subsequent encounter with the Tennessee, from the same causes, were not so effective as could have been desired ; but I cannot give too much praise to Lieut-Commander Perkins, who, though he had orders from the department to return North, vo lunteered to take the command of the Chickasaw, and did his duty nobly. The Winnebago was commanded by Commander T. H. Stevens, who volunteered for that position. His vessel steers very badly, and neither of his turrets will work, which compelled him to turn his vessel every time to get a shot, so that he could not fire very often, but ho did the best under the circumstances: The Manhattan appeared to work well, though ahe appeared to move slowly. Commander Nichol son delivered his fire deliberately, and, as before stated, with ono of his 15-inch shot broke through the armour of the Tennessee, with its wooden back ing, though the shot itself did not enter Ihe vessel. No other shot broke through her armour, though many of her plates were started and several of her port.shutters jammed by the fire from the different ships. The Hartford, my flag-ship, was commanded by Capt. Percival Drayton, who exhibited throghs out that coolness and ability for which he has been long known to his brother officers. But I must speak of that officer in a double capacity, He is the fleet captain of my squadron, and one of more determined energy, untiring devotion to duty and zeal for the service, tem pered by great CI 1m nese, I do not think adorns any navy. I desire to call your attention to this officer, though well aware that in thus speaking of his high qualities I am only communicating officially to the department that which it knew full well be. fore. To him, and to my staff in their respective positions, I am indebted for the detail of my fleet Lieut. J, C. Watson, my flag.lieutenant, has been brought to your notice in former despatches. Dur ing the action he was in the poop attending to the signals, and performed his duties as might be ex pected—thoroughly. Ho is a scion worthy the noble stock he sprang from, and I commend him to your attention. My Secretary, Mr M'Kinley, and Acting Ensign E. H. Brownell, were also on the poop, the latter taking notes of the action, a duty which he performed with coolness and accuracy. Two other acting ensigns of my staff (Mr Bog ar t and Mr Heginbotham) were on duty in the powd er division, and, as the reports will show, exhibited zeal and ability. The latter, I regret to say, was severely wounded by a raking shot from the Tens ne.ssee when we collided with that vessel, and died a few hours after. Mr Heginbotham was a young married man, and has left a widow and ono child, whom I commend to the kindness of the department. Lieut. A. R. Yatee, of the Augusta, acted as an addi:ional aid to me on board the Hartford, and wa s very efficient in the transmission of orders. The last of my staff, and to whom I would call the notice is not the least in importance. l or na t e h a e n d P eptm il a o r t ens Martin t Freeman. He has been my great reliance in all difficulties in his line of duty. During the action he was in the maintop, piloting the ships into the bay. Ha was cool and brave throughout, never losing his self-possession. This man was captured early in the war in a fino fishing smack which he own( d,:and though he protested t hat he had no interest in the war, and only asked for the privilege of fishing for the fleet, yet his services were too valuable to the captors as a pilot not ;to be THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING% OCTOBER 1, 1864. secured. He was appointed a first• class pilot, and has served us with zeal and fidelity, and has lost his vessel, which went to pieces on Ship Island. I commend him to the department. It gives me pleasure to refer to several officers who volunteered to take any situation where they might be useful, some of whom were on their way North, either by orders of the department or copdemned by medical survey. The reports of the different commanders will show how they conducted themselves. I have already mentioned LieutenantaCommander Perkins, of the Chickasaw, and Lieutenant Yates, of the Augusta. Acting Volunteer Lieutenant William Hamilton, late commanding officer of the Augusta Dinsmore, had been invalided by the medical sur vey, but he eagerly offered his services on board the ironclad Chickasaw, having had much experience in our Monitors. Acting Volunteer Lieutenant P. Giraud, another experienced offir:er in ironclads, asked to go in one of these vessels, but as they were all well supplied with officers I permitted him to go on the Ossipee, under Commander Le Roy. After the action he was given temporary charge of the Tennessee. Before closing this report there is one other officer of my squadron of whom I feel bound to speak—Capt. T. A. Jenkins, of the Richmond, who was formerly my chief of staff—not because of his having held that position, but because he never forgets to do his duty to the Government, and takes now the same interest in the fleet as when he stood in that relation to me. He is the command• ing officer of the second division of my squadron, and as such has shown ability and the most untiring zeal. He carries out the spirit of one of Lord Col lingwood's best sayings—' not to be afraid of doing too much ; those who are, seldom do as much as they ought.' When in Pensacola he spent days on the bar placing the buoys in the best positions; was always looking after the interest of the service, and keeping the vessels from being detained one moment longer in port than was necessary. The gallant Craven told me only the night before the action in which he lost his life, 'I regret, Admiral, that I .have detained you, but had it not been for Captain Jenkins, God knows when I should have been here. When your order came I had not received an ounce of coal !' I feel that I should not he doing my duty did I not call the attention of the department to an officer who has performed all his various duties with so_much zeal and fidelity. " Very respectfully, your obedient servant, "D. G. FARRAGUT, Rear-Admiral, Com manding West Gulf Squadron." The South and Peace. (From the index.) The split in the Democratic party is not a subject for sur prise or regret. The Chicago Convention was a hollow truce- Forbearance and compromise are indeed essential to the existence and usefulness of a party, but to compromise on the most important issue before the country is simply absurd. New, this was done at Chicago. The Peace Democrats and the Wsr Democrats, after long negotiation, entered into a compact to join forces against the Republi cans. It is fair to say, however, that the peace men never consented to any sacrifice of principle. The arguments by which they were won over were very plausible, and the terms offered were perfectly fair, and such that, as patriots, they were bound to accept them. The War Democrats de clared that they were determined to have peace; that they would strive to restore the union by diplomacy; but if that failed, then they were prepared to recognise the indepen dence of the South. These terms, we say, were proffered by the War Democrats to the Peace Democrats, and they were fully endorsed and pertinaciously urged by those who are known to enjoy the confidence of General M.Clellan. So at Chicago the War Democrats voted for a pacific plat form, and the Peace Democrats voted for the favourite can didate of the War Democrats. The election being so near it was expected that the alliance would last until the new President was chosen; but General M'Clellan has been driven by the moves of the Linc)lnites to forthwith discover his game, and consequently, the friends of peace will not have to endure the mortification of securing the return of a war President. Much to General M'Clellan's disgust, he found that Mr Lincoln was bidding heavily for the peac e and non abolition votes, Mr Seward made a pro-slavery speech, and Mr Lincoln buzzed about that he was solici tous to put an end to hostilities. Alarmed at these com mon place manoeuvres, and fancying that the fall of Atlanta would evoke some martial ardour, General M•Clellan promptly and rashly adopted the strategy of his opponent. Mr Lincoln was going in for peace, there fore General 11‘Clellan came out boldly for war. Grie viously has the general blundered. Fie will not get any Neputatean votes. He has certainly lost the support of an influential section of the Democrats, We need hardly observe that, as far as the South is con cerned, it matters not whether a War Christian or a War , ernocrat is the next President of the United States. And we may add that it matters not to the North. If Rome is to be burnt, it is as well that the conflagration shculd be directed by a fi Idling Nero as by a graver tyrant. If Ame rica is doomed to another four years of bloodshed and de vastation, it matters not whether the master of the White House is a second-rate jester or a second-rate soldier. Gen. M'Clellan says that he will abide by the constitution, Mr Lincoln made the like promise before the war began. The truth is, to carry on the war against the South necessitates the violation of the constitution. It is in vain to try to compass the evil end by righteous means. Whilst the North is seeking to trample on the liberty and rights of the South, she must needs forego her own rights and liberty. This Gen. M'Clellan knows by experience. During the whole of Mr Lincoln's Administration there has not been a more flagrantly illegal act than the arrest and imprison ment of the Maryland Legislation. Who suggested and effected this iniquitous business ? Why, it was Gen. M'Clel lan who planned and carried out the most arbitrary pro ceeding of the present Federal Government. But General M'Clellan is not without an excuse. He pleads military necessity and incorrect information. But this is Mr Lin coln's—it is the universal—plea and excuse for tyranny. Whether a War Christian or a War Democrat, whether Lincoln or M'Clellan is President of the United States, so long as war is waged against the South, so long will acts of despotism:be necessary. We are therefore neither glad nor sorry to hear that Gen. M'Clellan has much less chance of winning than he had a month ago. We are, however, con cerned to hear how far the prospects of puce have been affected by the Democratic split. There are now three parties in the United States. We do not count the Fremont party, for that is virtually ex tinct. In many respects there are striking analogies between Fremont and M'Clellan. Both want power. Both favour the prosecution of the war. Both assert that they can carry re now capacity on the war without violating the conetitut!on, although each ofo n them ti in n his grossly violated the tuti informedhas that Fremont is about to retire from the contest, and we dare say th a t h e w ill no t constitution. W military e a go unrewarded for the sacrifice. The Republican party has—or rather let us say the Lin colnite party—has thrown off all disguise as to the object it has in view. Does any one suppose that the Lincolnites wage the ferocious war out of love for the Union? Let such a one mark what has lately occurred. From the pulpits, platforms, and presses of New England it has been declared repeatedly and passionately that if a Republican was not elected President, then the struggle for the Union was ever. At one moment, after Mr Lincoln's letter " to whom it may concern," it was suggested that a candidate more popular should be put forward. Now let us ask why the restora tion of the Union would be in greater jeo p ardy if a War Democrat should be chosen for President. M'Clellan is as much for the Union as Lincoln is. Yet the Republican leaders were sincere and candid in declaring that they should treat the election of a Democrat as the signal for giving up the contest. If a Democrat had to bestow the patronage of the Government, the war, instead of being a profit, would become a burden to Republican citizens. Hence, if some unforeseen accident should give M'Clellan a majority, and the master of legions should respect the decision of the bal lot-box, the Republicans would at once advocate peace. Or is it suggested that the Lincolnites are fighting for emanci pation? Why, Mr Lincoln has been most careful to avow that with him emancipation is merely a war measure, and this month his chief minister, Mr Seward, has stated that his party do not intend to interfere with the institution of slavery after the conclusion of peace. It is not for the re storation of the Union—it ie not for emancipation—that the Lincolnites are working. Their object is the retention of power. The Republican party is for emancipation or f..)r the perpetuation of slavery, it is for Union or disunion, it is for any principle or for any policy that will secure a re newed lease of power. The War Democrat or M'Clellan party is actuated by precisely the same motive. It deplores the war, and will carry on the war. It talks of peace, and rejects the only means by which peace can be obtained. It talks about the rights of sovereign States, and is prepared to fight against the sovereign rights of the Southern States It changes and shifts with every gust of popular passion. Now the people are weary of the war, and the War Democrats are for peace. Anon Atlanta falls, Farragut gains a naval vic tory at Mobile, the shoddy contractors get up a little show of martial ardour, and forthwith the War Democrat is for war. The INlTlellan party, like the Lincoln party, has but one object, and that is at any cost to get power and patro nage. _ . The third party is the Peace party. Now, we do not say that this party, like its antagonists, does not covet power. All political parties aim, and rightly, to obtain office, for that is the very purpose of party organisation. But the Peace party has a distinct and definite policy. It stoutly maintains that whilst it hates the war it loves the Union, but it is prepared to recognise the separate government of the South if the South declines to re-enter the Union. The present strength of the Peace party is unknown. Probably it is in a minority, and the 4th of November is so near that it may bo that there is no chance for the election of a Peace candidate. But nevertheless we are convinced that the Peace party by breaking from the War Democrats, will gain enormously in influence. In the United States, especially on the border of the western States, there are multitudes of men who are sick of the war, and who will gladly rally round a Peace party. Henceforth every military disaster, every fresh list of killed and wounded, every threat of a draft, every commercial difficulty, every act of despotism, will swell the ranks of the Peace party. If M'Clellan becomes president, New England will league herself with the Peace party. If Mr Lincoln is re-elected, the leaders of the War Democrats will find themselves deserted, for their followers will join the Peace party, We therefore believe that the prospects of peace are brightened because the Chicago Convention is broken up, and because there is a party in the North which inscribes the word " Peace" upon its banners. _ It may be that the war is not so near an end as we think, and that our judgment is biassed by our earnest desire for peace. 'We do not conceal that we wish for peace, for if we did so we should grossly misrepresent what we know to be the sentiment of the Southern people. The South fights for peace, and for peace only. She asks nothing of her antagonist but to be let alone. We are a ware how this peace sentiment of the South is used to keep up the war spirit in the North. The Confederate Government, under a dread sense of responsibility, whilst wielding the sword with one hand, holds the olive branch in the other. Not one hour of unnecessary war will the Confederacy permit to be laid to her charge. But strange it is that this anxiety for peace should be regarded as a sign of the south being about to give in. Strange it is that it should be necessary to declare that the only terms on which peace can be made are the withdrawal of invading armies from Southern territory. Between the two peoples there is a great gulf, which war widens, but which a century of diplomacy cannot bridge. If any Northern is under the impression that the South will consent to reunion on any terms, we would remind him that the South could at any time since the war broke out have returned to the union t,n any terms she chose to pro pose. But she has endured the worst, for with her the worst is past, and in her greatest suffering she has never thought of reunion. The separation is final. The war may last 10 years, but unless the Southern population is exter minated, when peace is made there will be an acknowledg ment of the separate Government of the South. Therefore the North can gain nothing by not concluding immediate peace. Let the past four years teach her what she will lose by war. Well will it be for the Confede ate States, but, above all, well for the United States, if the Northern Peace party becomes dominant. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. OTTOMAN (SM YitNA TO AIDIN). The half-yearly meeting of this company was held yester day at the London Tavern—Sir Macdonald Stephenson in the chair. Mr S. J. Cooke, the secretary, having read the notice convening the meeting, the report was taken as read. The CHAIRMAN said that if patience and perseverance brought, as they were assured they did, their reward, they might confidently lock forward to a happy termination to their labours upon the Ottoman Railway, which undoubtedly demanded the exercise of both those qualities, to an extent they had little anticipated at the outset. It was too late to regret the original error in selecting the first lino, which was to show the value of railways in Turkey, and which should have been short, easily, and quickly completed, The remunerative prospects of the Aidin line probably overrode all other considerations, and they had now no alternative but to work and wait its due completion and development. The frequently recurring difficulties and discouragement experienced would have sufficed to dishearten most men, but the enlightened views and liberal policy of the Ottoman Government had done much to neutralise the effects of those obstacles and to encourage them to greater exertions. The working expenses exceeded the revenue, but on this point it must be borne in mind that the taking over the maintenance of the way and works from the contractor, involving a considerable amount for renewals, had brought a new and heavy charge upon the revenue, which would be reduced as the traffic increased. A considerable reduction had been effected in the cost of the staff, upon the recom mendation of Gen. Tremenheere, who went out for the pur pose, but of which the benefit would only be felt hereafter. Now that the whole charge of maintenance upon the 48i miles to Ephesus had to be borne by the revenue, the ex penditure would be unavoidably heavy, and disproportioned to the receipts, until the line was carried across the hilly range which separated it from the traffic districts of the in terior. It was a subject which had engaged the serious at tention of the Board, but during the progiess of construction the open line could not show satisfactory results until the completion of the works to Aidin. This would secure the whole of the now divided traffic, augment the revenue, and proportionately reduce the working expenses. The results of inquiries into the traffic of the country, now in progress by the company's engineers at the board's request, showed the proportion already transferred from the camels to the railway. In the month of August they found that of a local traffic of 718 tons, 675 tons went by railway, and 43 tons by the road. Of the Cayster Valley traffic, being a total of 978 tons, 210 tons went by railway and 769 tons by the road. Of a total of 630 tons by the Meander Valley, 423 tons went by the railway and 207 tons by the road, August being the worst month in the year for traffic. The traffic of August and September amounted to 8,585 tons, of which 3,788 tons were conveyed by the railway, and 4,797 tons by the road. The Cay,ter V alley, being out of the line of railway, would requite a branch, to which sub ject the board would, when the main line was completed, request the attention of the shareholders. This was exclu sive of the Buuja and Sedikoi trade, which in September amounted to 12,966 camels and horses and 23,362 passen gers. The truffle manager in a report that arrived too late to be printed, stated that the yield this season of the Aidin district would be about 7,000 tons of cotton, 6,000 tons of figs, and 7,000 tons of valonia--together 20,000 tons—that the cultivation of the land continued to progress in districts connected with their railway, and that the introduction of cotton gins and machinery was rapidly extending. The rivalry between the railway and the road would unavoid ably continue so long as the distances traversed were in considerable—but the trade was extending, and continually increasing, and it was believed that the opening of the line throughout would secure the bulk of the traffic, which was now the great object in view, to place the property of the company in its right position in public estimation. He con cluded by moving the adoption of the report and statement of account. Major-Gen. TREMENHEERE seconded the motion. Mr G. S➢IITH was glad to perceive that the attention 01 the chairman and his colleagues continued to be directed to the interests of the company and the well doing of the un dertaking. He had looked from time to time with great anxiety on the difficulties which the directors had sur mounted, and he thought they were deserving of great credit for having made such arrangements with the Ottoman Go vernment as to enable the company to receive the guaranteed amount. The honourable manner in which the Turkish Government had kept faith with them was very gratifying. The report was unanimously adopted. The CIIA.IRMAN, in reply to a question, stated that their traffic manager had considerable difficulty in securing a share of the existing traffic. In one instance, where 6,000 loads of figs had to be conveyed, he got 3,000 loads for the railway at 20 piastres a load, out of which he had to pay 3 piastres for delivery at Smyrna ; while the esmel-drivers on the road got 80 piastres a load, and at present retained the greater part of the trEffic ; but that would not be the case when the line was completed to Aidin. The proceedings concluded with a vote of thanks to the chairman and directors. GRAND TRUNK OF CANADA. The report of the directors states that the earnings for the half-year ending Juno SO amounted to £528,301 the ordinary working expenses to £315,021, and the balance to £213,380. From this was deducted £31,489 for renewals of permanent way charged to revenue during the half-year, leaving a net balance of £181,791. The gross receipts showed an increase of £72,079, or 15'80 per cent., over those of the corresponding half of 1863. The number of passengers carried had been 523,284, as against 457,120 in the first half of 1863, showing an increase of 66,164, or 14.47 per cent. The receipts for pas sengers had been £174,354, as a gainst £148,866, or an in crease of £25,488 or 17'12 per cent. The average receipt per passenger in 1863 was 5s 7d, and in 1864 6s. The sum carried into the accounts for postal service was again a merely no minal amount, no settlement of this long spending question having up to this time been effected with the Government Of Canada. The last advices from the company's executive in Canada stated that renewed promisee of a most positive cha rbaectwtereetatdhebeGeonvmerandmeeonftaanndeacrora early peestntyle,r2 and the Board hopedent of the accounts to be in a position to announce at an early date that those pledges had been fulfilled. The ordinary working expenses showed a total outl a y o f £315,02 2 as ag ainst £289,970, or an increasa of £25,052, or 8.60 per cen t, ex p ended in earnin g an increase of revenue of £72,079, or 15.80 per cent. The percentage of ordinary working expenses to June, 1864, was 59'62 as against 63.59 in the first half year of 1863, 77'23 in the same half of 1862, and 87.32 in the first half of 1861. From the net profit of the half year—viz., £181,791, there had to bo deducted the (nominal) amount of £13,431 for postal and military service receipts, and £8,219 paid as com pensation in connexion with the unfortunate accident at Beloall in June last, leaving (including the balance of £532 carried from last half year) £163,672, of which £20,690 had been applied to the payment of debenture interest, £54,069 to the payment of rents of the Atlantic and St Lawrence lines, the Detroit, and the Montreal and Champlain line; and £82,442 to the payment of interest on the first, second, and third preference bonds; carrying forward a balance of £6,471. The interest on the first and second preference bonds would be paid on Oct. 17. The improvement of the perma nent way by strengthening and renewal had progressed rapidly during the half year, 341 miles of line with heavier rails fished at the joints having been ralaid, and 12 miles of the 341 had been renewed with steel-headed rails. The out lay on capital account for additions to the plant and pro perty of the company had been during the past half year £65,229, which included the cost of upwards of 100 cars and 13 engines, and payments on account of further rolling stock. The directors had issued equipment mortgage bonds to the amount of £241,100. Tho issue of these bonds had enabled the directors to meet liabilities on capital account and pay off temporary loans. The £lOO,OOO Portland bonds duo by the Grand Trunk Company as lessees of the Atlantic and St. Lawrence line, had been purchased with funds accruing in America, and in lieu thereof sterling bonds for the same amount would be hereafter issued. The agreement between the Grand Trunk and Buffalo and Lake Huron Companies had been carried into practical operation. The Board had much pleasure in announcing that the new arrangement had been received with satisfaction by the public in the district served by the Buffalo and Lake Huron Company. The ar rangements preparatory to laying down the narrow gauge between Ft.r t. Erie and Sarnia were in hand. A bill legalis ing the agreement for copartnership with the Montreal and Champlain Railway was passed by the Canadian Legislature in the session now closed. Notwithstanding the heavy ex penses incurred in renewals of the permanent way, &c., upon this line during the past half year, the loss upon the Champlain arrangement would not exceed £2OO. The directors believed the bond and shareholders would agree with them in regarding the steady and continuous increase of gross traffic and net earnings as justifying favourable views of the intrinsic value of the line and the ample re- I sources of the extensive area of country which it served. The amount expended on capital account to the 30th June last was £16,174,633. DUMFRIES AND LOCKERBIE. The half yearly meeting of this company was held on Wednesday at Lockerbie—Mr Jardine in the chair. The CHAIRMAN, in moving the adoption of the report, said the traffic was steadily increasing, the average monthly return being £7lB against £6Bl in the first five months the line had been open, and there was every reason to hope for a still further increase, especially in goods. Additional capital to the amount of £32,000 would be required—the oost of the line and works being £150,000, which was in excess of the estimate ; but it would not be necessary to go to Parliament. as under a late statute the Board of Trade, on certain forms being observed and certain notices given, could grant all that was necessary. The report was adopted, and a dividend at the rate of 4 per cent, per annum was agreed to. TENDRING HUNDRED. • The half-yearly meeting of this company was held on Thursday at Colchester; Mr W. W. Hawkins in the chair. The CHAIRMAN, in moving th© adoption of the report, congratulated the shareholders upon the increase of traffic on the line. The receipts for the week ending Sept. 18 amounted to £4O, showing an increase of £lB over the cor responding week of 1863, although only three miles had been opened for traffic. Ho had good reason for believing that on the line being extended to the proposed station near the centre of Colchester the present passenger traffic would be doubled. When th© line was completed throughout to Walton-on-the-Naze, by June, 1865, the traffic would well repay the shareholders for the outlay. Mr MOY seconded the adoption of the report, which was unanimously agreed to, and the meeting closed with a vote of thanks to the chairman and directors. TEWKESBURY AND MALVERN. Yesterday the general meeting of this company was con vened at the offices, Parliament-street, bat there not being a sufficient number of proprietors present to constitute a meeting, the chairman, Mr D. J. Henry, congratulated the meeting on the completion of the line, which had been opened for public traffic in May last, and handed over to the Midland Company for working under the powers conferred by the Act of Parliament. The directors regretted that they were unsuccessful with the bill they introduced into Parliament for further capital, but would make another ap plication to Parliament next eession. WEYMOUTH AND PORTLAND. Yesterday the half-yearly meeting of this corapany was convened at the offices, in Victoria-street, Westminster, but there not being a sufficient number of proprietors present to form a meeting, it was adjourned sine die. STATE OF TRADE. MANCHESTER, Sept. 30.—The slight improvement on Tuesday was only of a very temporary character, and the yarn and cloth markets have since continued to decline. The failures which have taken place, with rumours of an unsatisfactory character respecting others, have almost caueed a suspension of business to-day. A house in this town which bas been epoken of this week past is said to have given notice to-day that they ere in a position to meet their engagements, and this has considerably relieved the apprehensions prevailing. Another failure has been spoken of connected with a London house, tut it had been long anticipated, and has not caused much surprise. In shipping yarns we have had no business to-day worth naming, and prices are still in favour of buyers. During the week there have been several attempts at business, but the rumours of fresh failures from day to day prevented any operations of magnitude resulting. In home trade yarns the market is worse than on Tuesday, both as to business and prices. Prices generally are rather in favour of buyers, and in stances have been spoken of in which manufacturers have purchased yarns at 9jd below the late highest point. Cloth has continued to droop since Tuesday, making manufac turers more than ever anxious sellbrs. Tho sales made to day have been small, and at lower prices. Stocks have been a good deal cleared out, and the preparations for closing mills are spoken of in all directions. Thousands of mill operatives have been already thrown out of work in all the larger manufacturing towne, and are applying to the guar dians of the poor and the relief committees for assistance, Further on (towards the middle or end of October) it is expected the distress from the closing of mills will be much intensified. Such of the spinners and manufacturers as are running out of orders will only consent to run where they can get pre-engagements. None of them appear willing to work to stock in a time of such severe depreciation as the present. CARDIFF, 29th.—A considerable amount of activity con tinues to be evinced in the iron trade, and the works are in active employ. The advance in quotations for bars is sustained, and some predict a further rise. There is a good inquiry for rails as well, and makers will not accept an order under the current rates. Some specifications find their way to the district owing to the turn out in Stafford- shire. Steam coal is in more active demand than has been the case for many months, more especially on home account. Contracts have been entered into for supplying several of the Staffordshire works for two and three months to come. This circumstance, coupled with the brisk export inquiry, imparts increased firmness to the trade, and there is but little difficulty in obtaining the current quotations. The men are now working with regularity, and the agitation for a rise has completely died away. House coal commands a good sale, and merchants are, as a rule, well supplied with orders. Coasters are, however, still scarce, and orders are in conse quence seriously delayed. The usual activity is evinced at the shipbuilding yards, and the men are on full time. LEEDS, 30th.—The following is the trade report of the Leeds Chamber of Commerce for September The busi ness done in the woollen cloth-halls during the past month has not been so large as in August, principally owing to the advanced season. In the warehouses a tolerably good busi ness has been done. The manufacturers in the district have been well employed. There is no new feature to note in the foreign wool market so far as regards clothing wools. Con sumption is going on steadily. The recent failures have in duced great caution, and manufacturers confine their pup. chases to absolute requirements, At the late Liverpool sales East India wools gave way in price. There has been very little done in English wools. Spinners, under existing cir cumstances, hold aloof, and to effect sales a reduction of about 2d per lb on last month's rates must be submitted to, The flax trade has been unusually quiet, and but few trans actions have taken place. Tows, especially finer sorts, have been more in demand, and prices are without much change. ;-temps remain as before. The spinners are fully employed, principally en former contracts, and but few new transac tions have been entered upon. Prices continue to be quoted as before. The turn out in the iron trade is now practically at an end, and the great majority of the men have resumed work. The long cessation of work has caused orders to ac cumulate to some extent, and makers of iron are therefore busy, with a prospect of continuiug k o for some time to come. Tho locomotive and railway plant makers continue to be well supplied with orders. The leather trade has in its main features been very similar to that of last month, and chiefly characterised by great steadiness in the demand, as well as in the prices. The supply of heavy sole leather has been fully equal to the requirements of the trade, while in lighter sorts the sales have been in excess of what has come to market. Dressing goods have been in request, light ave rages selling on arrival. Calf skins of all weights have been scarcer, and are dearer, and offal, both light and heavy, has been much wanted, and realises full rates. Crushers have been actively employed during the month, and notwith standing the high rates for money, prices of rapeseed have not materially changed in value, as the continental crop has certainly not exceeded two-thirds of an average. Linseed has slightly receded in value, owing to the rains, and con sequent moderate demand for cake. There is no change in the price of olive oils, and a fair Lusiness is doing in them. The shoe tradegcontinues good, and all the hands are fully employed. There is a fair demand for most descriptions of paper, but the makers still suffer from the scarcity of mate rial, although new substances are used to a considerable extent. There has been a moderate supply in the cattle marker, and the demand has been on the whole fair. Num ber shown (four markets)—cattle, 1,837 ; sheep, 11,950. There has been a good supply of corn, but the demand has been small and the trade generally dull. Wheat has fallen about Ge per qr, barley from is 6d to 2s. Oats and beans are without much change. It is most satisfactory to be able to report that, although the Leeds Banking Company has suspended payments, owing, as stated in the report of the committee of shareholders, to recklessness on the partof the manage; and negligence on the part of the directors, the prosperity of the trade and the soundness of the commercial and manufacturing classes of the town and district are not in the slightest degree affected, the loss and inconvenience being confined to a few mercantile houses implicated in the bank, or who had business with it, the latter class readily finding in other banking establishments such temporary aid as they require. NOTTINGHAM, 29th.—There:was rather more inquiry for lace yarns at the Exchange-hall to-day, and sales were made at fully recent currencies. The demand for hosiery w as slow, and recent prices were for the most part made. I n silks very little alteration took place. Bro wn nets were still a slow sale, but there was no quotable alteration in prices. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TimEs.—ln one particular, at least, our Minis ters and legislators may enjoy the lovely holydays of this autumn with a light heart and a clear con• science. Whatever they have done, or have left undone, or have got to do, they will have no trouble about money matters. The income of the country is more than answering their wants, and surpassing even the most sanguine expectations. The Revenue Returns up to September 30 again display the remarkable prosperity which has now become so constant as almost to cease to surprise us. There is an increase in the Revenue of the quar ter as compared with the same quarter last year of no less than £380,985. This has taken place, it is to be observed, in spite of the considerable reduc tions which have been made in the Customs and Income Tax. Having regard to these reductions we thought ourselves well off last quarter with a decrease of £216,000. We have good reason there fore for congratulation when in p ace of a similar result we have an increase half as large again as this sum. The reductions we refer to have,of course, been felt in their particular departments. There is a decrease in the Customs of £248,000, and in the Property Tax of £84,000. "The Taxes" also show a decrease of £B,OOO. There is a decrease, therefore, on the whole quarter of £340,000. But the whole of this decrease is more than balanced by the increase in one other head of revenue alone. The Excise, owing principally to the excellent bar ley harvest of last year, and the consequent in creased revenue upon malt and spirits, shows an increase of £430,060. The Poet-office furnishes the remarkable increase of £l4O. The stamps and mis cellaneous revenues furnish nearly all the remainder of the increase. The returns are still more satisfac• tory when we consider them in reference to the half-year and the year., Thus the half-year, with an actual decrease to the amount of considerably more than a million, yet displays an increase on the whole of £164,981. This result is again principally due to the prosperous condition of the Excise duties, which shows an increase amounting to £889,000. We notice that the half-year's decrease in Customs is £659,000, which is much more than double the decrease for the past quarter. We might conjec ture therefore that the increased consumption which nearly always follow a reduction of duty has begun to take effect. In tact, the Board of Trade returns up to the 31st August show increased entries for home consumption of tea, tobacco, cocoa, rum, brandy, and wine ; and the additional returns to the revenue upon these articles must have gone to counterbalance the remissions in the last Budget. Nor are these comparisons less remarkable for the whole year. It appears that reductions of taxation were made amounting to no less than £3,252,000. Yet in spite of this actual loss, the net decrease on the year is but the insignificant sum of £120,438. The loss of two millions in the property tax was just balanced by the increase in the Excise; but the lora of more than a million upon the Customs was nearly met by the growth of the minor branches of the revenue. If the next quarter, as we may hope, exhibits anything of the same elasticity as its predecessors, we may see the year end with a positive increase instead of the heavy decrease which was estimated, It may be further added to these satisfactory considerations that the present is the dullest quarter of the four, the Revenue, for example, both in this and the corresponding quarter of last year reaching only 14,000,000 instead of the 18,000,000 which is its figure in the other quarters. So that the increase is greater in proportion than it would be in another quarter, It would be hard to receive better evidence of prosperity than is furnished by these returns. There does not appear to be one single branch of our national resource which is suffering the least depression. The decreases we record are simply a voluntary sacrifice of revenue. In every instance, except where we refuse to allow it, our income expands. Indeed, there would seem to be but one source of revenue which will not ulti. mately neutralise all our efforts to dwarf it. The income tax can be raised or depressed at pleasure. It does not grow ; it is forcibly extracted, in spite of a heavy inertia in its material. But the other heads of revenue are animated, and grow independently of our efforts. They are like willing servants who do the more the less they are forced to do. When we look abroad and contemplate the struggling and contused condition of the far larger part of the world, we cannot but be struck with feelings in which wonder and thankfulness combine at the spectacle of this uncontrollable, inexhaustible na tional wealth. No wonder that while other nations are occupied with thankless and distracting debates on their debts, their frontiers, their constitutions — nay, their very existence—the leading men in this country are at this moment occupying their time with questions of social and natural science. A great financier once said that it wad easy enough to make money, the difficulty was how to use it when it wan made. It that be the case we have more difficult problems before us than our neighbours. The rules for attaining national prosperity are simple. Patient lebour and .scrupulous integrity are sufficient wher ever the necessary materials exist. But how to use our resources when obtained, without abusing them, how to trade without insane speculations, how to spread the benefits of the general prosperity through all the classes which contribute to it, how to avoid squandering money upon superfluous precautions and yet not to neglect the self_defence necessary to self-respect and security—these are the problems which our political, social, and sanitary philosophers are busy considering. It is well thus to remember that the more we have accomplished the greater responsibility rests upon us and the more remains to be done. POST.—The American mail just arrived confirms the report of the defeat of the Confederates under the command of Early in the Shenandoah Valley. The engagement was a bloody one, and the slain on both sides are counted by thousands. The Federal loss is estimated at three thousand, but probably exceeds that number, whilst of the Confederates five thousand are said to have been put hors de combat, and two thousand five hundred made pri soners of war. Whatever corrections may be made in these figures by subsequent investigation, it is at all events apparent that the Confederates have sus tained a repulse which will probably put an end to their offensive operations in the Shenandoah Valley and Northern Virginia. It is not a little curious that although hostilities have now been waged for more than three years and a half in that Border State, the present is the first occasion on which the Confederates have sustained an unques tionable defeat. In all the battles which have hitherto been fought on Virginian soil the Northern Generals have either been worsted with heavy loss, or have been compelled to retire from the field without having attained the object for which they brought their forces into action. It is needless to remind our readers that over and over again have the Confederates scoured this same valley of the Shenandoah, driving before them the armies en trusted with its defence; and time after time have they made it the high road to Maryland and Penn sylvania. Nor can the p resen t cam p a i gn , even though it has terminated with so serious a reverse to the Confederate arms, be considered as profitless. From the time when Grant, h av i ng a t the Wilder ness,in the brakes of Spottsylvania, on the Anna Rivers, and on the Chickahominy, successively failed to force a passage to the Confederate capital, transferred his army to the south bank of the James River, the Southern Commanderein-Chief found himself enabled to employ a portion of his forces in offensive operations against the Northern frontier. The command of the expedition was en trusted to Early, and the skill and valour he dis played, together with the success he gained, proved that he was not unworthy to command a division which, in the earlier stages of the war, was led by Stonewall Jackson. He speedily secured possession of the Shenandoah Valley, the granary of the South, and succeeded in carrying away in safety its plen tiful crops of grain. On more than one occasion he crossed the Potomac, he traversed the rich and un touched plains of Maryland and Southern Penn sylvania, he made his appearance in the suburbs of Baltimore, and his outposts skirmished within cannon shot of Washington. He successfully ra vaged his enemies' territory, and carried away his spoil without even the show of molestation. Since then he has held the Shenandoah Valley, and secured the passes to Central Vi rg i n i a aga i ns t ever y fo r ce which the Federal Government have launched against him. At length, however, he has succumbed to superior numbers, and in an engagement which has cost his foes scarcely less dearly than himself has not unworthily terminated a campaign which has been equally creditable to the Confederate arms and profitable to the Confederate cause. Of the details of the recent engagement it is necessary to say but little. The Confederate forces were stationed on a small creek running into the Shenandoah River, a short distance to the north-east of Win chester, and in this position they commanded the valley in its southern course. The Federals opened the attack at an early hour on the morning of the 15th of September, and the battle was waged with out intermission, and with all that pertinacity on both sides which so pre-eminently distinguishes the conflicts between North and South, until the even ing, when the Confederates were obliged to give way. They retired to Winchester ; and the same night, having evacuated that town, continued their retreat up the Shenandoah Valley. The Confede, rates lost four general officers, and the Federals one; and as General Sheridan claims to have cap tured but five guns, we are much inclined to doubt the accuracy of the estimate which places the pri soners at 2,500. Nothing is said in the - Federal General's - despatch about waggon or baggage trains, and we are therefore justified in inferring that the Confederate retreat was ably and success fully conducted. Of the probable results of the engagement it is impossible to speak with any core. fidence. Early will most likely be obliged abandon any further operations in tho North ; end,to unless reinforced, will probably rejoin Lee at Richmond. Ore nt's army still remains inactive. A rumour was circulated in New York when the mail left that the Confederates had made an attempt to outflank the' left wing of the besieging army ; is not, however, probable that the Southe rn General would incur uninecessary risk by an attempt to. harass a force which, since its arrival in its present position, has prov ed so perfectly harmless. se nt position, approaching electicn continues to engross pubho attention, and with each succeeding day do t . be hopes of the supportch - s of the rival candidates rise and fall. Notwithstanding the secessio n of Ole. leaders of the Peace Democrats, the friends o f M'Clellan do not despoil . of seeing him placed at the head of the poll, and numerous meeti n g s h ave been held for the purpose of ratifying the decision are of the Chicago Convention. These me etings described in the telegrams' before us as having been great successes ;" but when the immensity of the number of voters throughout :he Northern States is borne in mind, the enthusiasm of assemblies.cen." yoked for a special purpose loses nuch of its sig o n ficance. If personal 'attributes w ere alone tag e m into account, M'Clellan would probe bly count Me r l supporters than Mr Lincoln or any cue e lse, end is to this individual popularity that he chiefly owes his almost unanimous nomination by t he membersof the Chicago Convention. No one bat 111`Cielt would have been fixed on as their representative by a number of wary politicians without the preliinr nary proceeding of obtaining a declaration of 11.1 sentiments. When that declaration was made, 1:: was for the first time discovered how divergent were his views from those of a strong section : the party he was called upon to represent. B'thdi notwithstanding this antagonism, there are n] neL who will doubtless forget, at the approaching a l e tion, political differences in the appreciation of the qualities of the man. The general opinion, 130. ever, seems to be that the schism in the Democratic party will prove fatal to thel nominee, and that Mr Lincoln will be rei v,staten in office. One of the New York j ourna l s asserts that General Fremont has withdrawn from the cane didature, and, if so, Mr Lincoln's success 0 36 , 1 almost be considered as secured. It is cex tain q singular that the peace party in the. North--end e° is both numerous and influential — has no t be enabled to put forward a candidate specifically pledged to pursue a peaceful policy. The fact ief however, that it cannot do so, and the eircumstaneet tends to confirm the apprehensions, now o. l ml l. univervlly entertained, that some time must atil t elapse before the Northern population wil l ado ' i the necessity of putting an end to this. most cru e l and most wicked war. COUNTRY MARKETS.. LIVERPOOL—FRIDAY. There was a limited attendance of millers and dealers tr day, and we have to report a fair consumptive, business E• wheat at the full prices of last market day. Flour tasYlut; quoted 6d per barrel and sack lower than last Friday. 0 2,„ and oatmeal were at a slight decline on the weak• Ind corn attracts more attention. Beans and other articles 10^. altered. STAMFORD—FRIDAY. kg, There was a large supply of wheat at to.day ' s Mar- 0 but the demand was languid, and is less money than tk. previous week. Barley a fair show at reduced curreneil . —White wheat, 40s oi42s ; red, 385,it0 40s per 36 er°ll,.. Barley, malting, 33s to 355:; grinding, 29s to 31 s p er g er ' Oats, 20s to 26stper 24 stone. Beans, old, 40s to *- 43 P qr. ; new, 41s to 445. WAKEFIELD—FRIDAY. The demand for wheat was slow to-day, and prices rathl lower than on Friday last. Barley steady. ' Beans an oats the turn cheaper. Averages for the week : Wheat 1,618 qrs., at 4os 72d Oats 8ar1ey......... 90 Peas Beans LINCOLN—FRIDAY. d This morning at our market wheat came well to 1113_,°,3 and sales took place at rather lower rates. Trade initeu% There was a good show of barlsv, but not much s ougu after, and prices ruled is lower. Oats disposed of sloivii* Beans declined slightly, with a heavy cafe. White wheat new, 40s to 438 l Barley, grinding.. 28s to 29 s 3 Red do. 37s to 40s i Oats,..old, .. 245t02l Old white 42s to 47s New do.. 21s to 23 8 Red do. 39s to 43s I Beans. 40 s to 448 Barley, malting 31s to 3ls 1 Beans, new 378 to 41° CORK—THURSDAY. Rea The following were the quotations this morning go wheat, 7s 3d to 7s 10d ; white, 7s Gd to 8 s 9 d , barleY, b e Od to 7s Gd ; oats, 4s 10d to 6s 5d ; black do., Ss Od 6s Od; bere, —s Od. BRISTOL SUGAR—FRIDAY. The market continues quiet, and there is but little dela —prices, however, are rather firmer both for raw and rfr fined, Ruin a steady sale, but not active. COAL M Prices of Coal per Ton at LRK ET. the °loge of the market. Walls End. s. d. Hastings Hartley l9 0 Walker Primrose 14 0 Wylam lB 6 Holywell 18 6 Eden Main 19 0 North Pelton l4 0 %Vest Hartley l9 0 Byron's Hartley ..17 0 20 s li o a a r t t h l 6 : 33 East Hartlepool ...... 20 9 Acorn Close .......... 1 8 3 .... . . Russel's Hetton 1 9 6 Bmddyll's Hetton ..... 19 3 R elloe l9 naswell ..20 ..... . 0 KeiperGrange ........ 18 6 Tunstall ......... • • 6 Stewart's 20 ,t, 60 ; sold, 52, Walls End. Eden lB 91 Rotten 20 6 Ships at marks Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton Oct. lt via Marseilles Oct.' Brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Oct. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena Oct. 29. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton 000. via Marseilles Oct. 2. Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Oct. 0;,. via Marseilles Oct. 1 ' Endia (Bombay), via Southampton Oct. l l ' via Marseilles Oct. 6. Portugal.... Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Oct. 6 2. via Marseilles Oct. ‘, Newfoundland .. Oct. Im. Oporto and Vigo'.. .. U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet Oct. 6* by U.S. packet O. by Canadian packet Oct. ' All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, } O c t. 1 4 ' California. and British Columbia.. COMMITMENT FOR CONTEMPT.—Yetiteratilt the Judges' Chambers, in the case 61 The Quee n ,,, l ; Leigh," Mr Garth opposed an application for release on 11 part of the Incorporated Law Society. The defenti'll Alfred Leigh, had been struck off the rolls as an attoralto and was now in prison for contempt in not answering ! affidavits egainst him by the Law Society. Mr ICep rie , urged that certain interrogatories had not been exhibitebe; and that the defendant had been sufficiently punish ed 44 being kept five months in prison and having been stril-to off the rolls. Mr Justice Shee ordered certain docunn3ll to be given up, and then he might be released. [ADVERTISEMENT.] - Holloway's Ointment. -- 6° ,, re54 . 0 wounds, ulcerations, and other diseases effecting the oit are amendable by this cooling and healing unguent. , a 1 has called forth the loudest praises from persons wig' '',;lo suffered for years from bad legs, abscesses, and 0 21.° ;, 1 . ulcers, after every hope of cure had long passed 51 i ; 4 7 0 0 None but those who have experienced the soothing.e',.e.. of this ointment can form an idea of the comfort It stows, by restraining inflammation and allaying PBlO.. Whenever this ointment has been once used it has es ht blished its own worth, and has again been eagerly eollbov. for as the easiest and safest remedy for all ulcerous c () . p . , plaints. In neuralgia, rheumatism, and gout the salve plication, properly used, gives wonderful relief. Births. BALL.—On the 25th ult., at tho Coast Guard St e 9 Preston, Weymouth, the wife of Edward C. Ball, R.N., of a son. „ t her HOWARD.—On the 26th ult., at Whiston Rectory, . I . l n:terf ham, the Hon. Mrs. William Howard, of a daug w " stillborn. SrooNEß,—On the 29th ult., at 1, Essex Villas, 0 , -el l 113 ton, the wife of Charles Spooner, Esq ,of a son. a , o , TARN.—On the 29th ult., at Plaistow, Essex, Mrs. 3 ' of a daughter. Marriage& t Sa l° KINGSFORD—TENNANT.—On the 29th ult., 11 ;, ; „ge Mark's, She4on, Staffordshire, Henry Baldock o nl ford, Esq,, Oakley-street, Chelsea, to Mary 8110 13 , , daughter of the late Ray, William Tennant, of ‘'''- Bytham, Lincolnshire, o deet WILHINSON--.WAkLER.—On the 28th ult., at od, Henry Wilkinson, Esq., of White Webbs Park, -P 4l ' IVa l let, to Louisa, youngest daughter o f th e l a te Ma j o r of South Cave, Yorkshire. Deaths. A en e BUCKLAND.—On the 28th ult , '" at the Vicarage , -1 1 1 ,1 Ic• thorpe, Northampton, the Rev. William Arno ld land, aged 44. i se%* EYRE.—On the 28. h ult , at Upper-park, Dedhanh the Rev. Charles Eyr e , age d 80. s 61 166 HAvm.ocx.—On the 24th ult., at Malvern, Cap,- - h ° o late Havelock, B om b a y S ta ff Corps, second son o f , t 7 -r Sir Henry Havelock, of Lucknow, K.C.8., C• LESLIE. —On the 20th ult., at Wilton, co. Cork, x 9) H. Leslie, late 9th Foot. ivo. c. RAWLINSON.—At Chedburgh Rectory, the Rev. Rawlinson, aged 47. tiy°f WEBSTER.—On tho 28th ult., Mrs. Thomina e-- 6, Pall-mall east, aged 75. w a le, WHALEY.—On the 25th inst., at Trefnant, North James Whaley, Esq , aged 31. a . oa• London : Primed and Prl. , llshed by IVILLIA.AIAN I I O . 11 2 : of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tun SUN °ince ,ty Ok Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, :LI the Cc' JlLlthileeex,—aturd4y, October 1,15¢4.