The Sun. — London, England, 1830-05-07 00:00:00

PHUT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. In both Bouses, lest night, the resources and prospects of the country formed a main topic of dis eussion. In the Upper House, Lord Goderich, quite gained the Duke of Wellington's heart, by the picture he drew of our situation, and our power to hold all possible enemies at bay. His Lordship in taking a view of our financial state, observed that it was absurd to estimate the amount of the reduc tioe of our debt by the diminution of our capital. " An ordinary debt was composed of capital lent to the debtor ; it was confided to the borrower to repay what he borrowed at his °en convenience, and it was confided to the lender to demand back his principal. Of these two conditions only one was applicable to the National Debt. By the Con tract the State had entered into with its debtors, it had a right to pay them off whenever it was con venient or advisable for the State to do so; but by the terms of the contract, the public creditor could never claim from the State a single shilling of what he had advanced. The utmost which he was en titled to claim—and to that alone had the State pledged itself—was the payment of an annuity.— (Hear, hear, from the Duke of Wellington)."---The denomination of the Stocks is, no doubt only' so far important as they afford the facility of diminishing the charge by repayment, In any other sense it is of little consequence to compare the capitals of the debt at different periods. His Lordship compared the charge for the debt in 1816 and at present. In ISI6 the total of the charge for the retitled and un funded debt, was 32,938,7511. In 1829 the charge for the funded debt was 28,277,1171., and the in terest on Exchequer Bills 878,4941., so that the total diminution on that of 1829 compared with 1816, was 3,783,1401. When the operation re specting the Four per Cents. should be completed, the reduction on the charge for the National Debt for next year, as compared with 1816, would be four millions and a half. This diminution In the charge was equivalent to a reduction of 150 millions of capital at three pet' cent. So much for the charge. His Lordship compared together the dif ferent branches of our Revenue for 1826, 7, and 8, and for last year; and observed, that the whole of the average for the above three years amounted to 50,087,0001., while the receipts for last year were 50,230,000/4 and with respect to the allegation that the Revenue was now falling off, he thought it was the height of timidity to be prophecying the most disastrous consequences because one quarter was:failing hi its due amount. Lord Goderich looks to relief only from the distribution of taxation ; and it is, he contends, the imperative duty of Parlia ment and Government to look with increased vigi lance to the whole system of taxation, to see how far the revenue is diminished in consequence of improper distribution, and to inquire to what extent productive industry is unnecessarily fettered. He had doubts, however, whether Government had not carried reduction of expenditure too far. His Lordship's opinion on that point will, we suspect, become very popular with the two Houses, as soon as it is ascertained that the Revenue is im proving. The Government is not so wedded to plans of retrenchment ire to adhere to them when the Revenue is improeing. The Noble Duke, in such a case, will, we fear, be apt to subscribe to the justice of Lord Goderich's accusation, who de clared, that " so far from brioging the charge of profusion against the present Government, it ap peared to him that the Noble Duke had gone to work with considerable vigour; arid the only doubt he had on his mind on the subject was, whether the reductions were not too extensive to leave the establishments sufficiently effective." Would that such doctrines as those of his Lordship were not so acceptable to our great men ! There can be no question as to the power and resources of Great Britain, and as his Lordship is anxious to impress foreigners with a high idea of these resources, to deter them from aggression, had we greatly reduced our establishments at the close of the war, and di minished the charge of the debt, and repealed taxes pressing on industry, .foreigners would have been as much afraid of us now, though we might not have have had such formidable establishments. " If de sponding language (said his Lordship) were to be held by this country, nothing but danger would sur round her; and the alarm once given, he would not give many years' purchase for the peace of Europe. The consequence of this would be, that England would be driven from the high station she had hi therto held—an object at which all other nations thought that it was their interest to aim. The influence of England on the Continent was, of course, to a great extent founded on the con fidence that foreign nations had in the honour, integrity, and good faith of this country; but all this dependence was essentially built on a conviction of our strength; and it was because he felt that that strength was not yet assailed, that he thought those would find themselves in a mis take who should try to drive her from her position." We suspect that the foreign Governments sufficiently powerful to measure their strength with us are much better acquainted with our resources than Lord Goderich supposes. If they were weak enough to be persuaded that England could be driven with ease from her high station (to use his Lordship's words), they would not renounce that opinion, merely because his Lordship tells them we are powerful. But weak must that Government be, and wretchedly must it be informed respeeriou its neighbours, which does not know that England, either for offensive or defensive war, even is at this day • by far the most powerful of the European States. It is well known to the world that we have always been a nation of grumblers, who labour un der constant apprehensions of the decay of trade, and shipping, and manufactures, while at the same time we have an overweening opinion of ourselves; and foreign nations are neither so much led away by our factious clamour as to believe that we are not powerful, nor so infatuated with us as to give us credit for all the perfections which we see in our selves. The Duke of Wellington " considered all the Government and the people were under the greatest obligation to his Noble Friend for the sub ject he had introduced, and the manner in which he had treated it, and he congratulated the House in having laid before them so admirable a statement of the true nature of the National Debt, and of the interest paid by the nation on that debt." The Duke was quite compli mentary, and he is net in general lavish is his compliments. We by ne means wish to insi nuate that Lord Goderich had the least view to official situation in his speeches. If, however, office were his object, we should say, comparing his exer tions with those of Mr. Huskisson, that the chances were in favourvof his Lordship. The two States men reminds us of the fable of the Sun and the Wired ; and the Traveller. The effects of the winds only made the traveller draw his cloak the tighter about him ; the Sun's rays made him at once loosen it. The coaxing system answers better in such cases than the blustering. In the House of Commons, the presentation of a petition by Alder man Waithman, from the shipowners of London, furnished an opportunity to the worthy Alderman to deliver himself of some of his sage nostrums re specting the official and declared values of our ex ports; to Mr. Sadler, to paint the ruined condition of our shipowners; and to Mr. Herries, to show by a series of statements that our shipping bad not de cayed, but, on the contrary, greatly increased under the relaxation of our Navigation Laws. The highest average of British shipping entered inwards for the three years ending in 1814, was 1,200,000 tons; for the three years ending 1817, wasi .1,787,680 tons ; for the years 1821, 1822," And 1823, was 1,668,100 tons. " The next period (he said) was that during which the change in the commercial po licy was beginning to take place. The average annual amount of British shipping entered inwards during the years 1824, 1825, and 1826, was 1,964,182 tons, being a considerable increase °Ter the last period. But what was the average amoant during the last three years, when the now system of commercial policy was in full opera tion ? No less than 2,121,930 tons.--(Hear, hear.) As a proof that it was still increasing, the amount in the last year, 1829, was much th e l arges t o f th e three years." With respect to the foreign shipping, the average entered inwards during the highest years of the war was 793,000 tons; for the last three years 698,000 tons, being a diminution of 100,000 tons, while British shipping had increased 550,000 tons. For the years 1821, 1822, and 1823, the foreign shipping entered inwards was 482,801 tons; for 1824, 5, and 6, it was 803,809 tons; and for the three last years, 698,000 tons. With respect to our coasting trade in 1824, it was 7,895,000 tons; in 1825, it was 8,101,000 tons; in 1826, it was 8,300,000 tons; in 1827, it was 8,363,000 tons; in 1828, it was 8,411,000 tons; and in 1829 it was 8,536,000 tons. Mr. Herries next showed that, übstracting the northern shipping from the rest of the foreign shipping entered inwards, there was a falling off during the last three years of the northern, as compared with the British. " And this on the very field of battle in which it was prognosticated, that in consequence of the change in our commercial policy, British shipping would be annihilated."— The profits of the shipowners are no doubt lower than they were at one period, and the fall in the price of vessels must operate iejuriously to those who purchased or built their vessels some years ago. But it is impossible to conceive how a bratich of trade can be regularly on the increase, if the profits fell below the average rate.—More. Citron. We have been reproached, by some respectable correspondents, with some errors, both of arithmetic and reasoning, in our notice of the diplomatic docu ment, extracts from which, and animadversions on it, were published in yesterday's 7'imes. Of course, with our feelings towards the present Government, and with, we hope, an habitual love of justice, it could not be our desire to put even a harsh, much less an unfair, construction on the conduct of any' department of the public service. We certainly were ignorant, while objecting to the vague and confused form in which some items or classes of the diplomatic expenditure had been presented, that they had been so framed in conformity with a mo tion of the lion. Member for Montrose himself; and in that case, undoubtedly, there is no blame im putable to the department from which the calcula tions issued. But it ought to be seen and acknow ledged by our correspondents who remonstrate with us on the assumed hostility of our remarks to this or that individual, that our complaints were directed against the system of extravagance in the diplomatic arrangements of Great Britain, as they have existed for a long series of years, and under a succession of Foreign Secretaries. That some reductions have lately been effected, is manifest on the face of the papers, which, as we observed in passing yester day, exhibit a diminution, as compared with 1826, of between 90,000/. and 100,000/. The diminu tion, we ought to add, as compared with 1827, is about 46,000/. ; with 1828, 41,0001. But there must be something in the nature and character of the highest diplomatic appointments in this country, too stubborn for even a conscientious Minister—and such we really beheve Lord Aberdeen to be—to cope with, when we find that of the six great embassies, namely, France, Russia, Austria, Spain, the Nether lands, and the Ottoman Porte, four continue within a few hundred pounds of what they coq the country in 1821 ; the mission to Brussels stands precisely the same as at that period—viz. 13,1001.; and that to the Ottoman Porte ( owing, we confess, to pecu liar and important circumstances) has rather in creased than otherwise; that to Spain, however, which in 1821 seas 13,100/. (the return which we quoted yesterday), has been reduced in this last year to something short of 4,000/.,—an economy which it would be unjest to overlook: a wish to embarrass or criminate our Foreign Office as at pre sent administered, is very far from our inclination. We are satisfied, on the contrary, that it is impos sible to afford the King's Government more effec tual or grateful assistance than by bringing the weight of public feeling to bear upon abuses which form nests of patronage for the rapacious, and there fore furnish subjects of perpetual importunity to Mi nisters, who, until disproportionate salaries are cut down, and superfluous places abolished, will never cease to be burdened by worthless allies, or plagued by disappointed, vindictive, and irreconcileable ene mies. We have often affirmed, and now repeat our belief in the disposition of the existing Cabinet to go as far in economical reform, as amidst such ele ments of profusion and rapacity can be expected from any reasonable Government; and we are quite sure, that if such upright men as the Duke of Wel lington and Lord Aberdeen cannot achieve a reform o' the present. system, nothing but a general break ing up of the whole plan of official and Parliamentary management can lead to the necessary result. We shall probably return to this subject.—Times. We have received a pamphlet published by Mr. Potter Macqueen, the Member for Bedford, entitled Thoughts and Suggestions on the Present Distresses of the Country. The Hon. Gentleman pretends to no discovery in this publication,—he aims at the esta blishment of no new. theory on the causes of our distress, and affects no graces of style in their de scription or development,—his object being rather utility than reputation. The chief merit of his pamphlet consists in its detail of the facts which have come under his own notice as a country magi strate, and of the practical conclusions which his experience has enabled him to form from them. Though, therefore, we hear, at the outset, of dif ferent theories of population, and of various assumed causes of popular distress, we are soon relived from such uncertain speculation, and arrive at more inter esting statements and descriptions. On the former topic he might have even been more brief than he has been : he might have saved himself the trouble of referring to the doctrines of Mr. Malthus and Mr. Sadler on the subject of population, as the writings of the former are evidently misunderstood by our author, and the lucubrations of the latter are not worth understanding. The fact is, Mr. Sadler never can have any distinct notion on that or any other doctrine of political economy; and to argue with him respecting it would be as ridiculous as to contest the principles of astronomy with a drawer of horo scopes,—Newton's Principia with Sidrophed or Thwackstm. Mr. Macqueen goes over a great ex-1 tent of ground in his short publication. He describes the state of the agricultural labourers,—enumerates some of the obvious causes of their demoraliza tion,—details the extraordinary fluctuation in their rate of wages of late years as one of the causes of their distress,—makes some just remarks on the amount of crime, arid the character of our criminal laws, at different periods,—and, among the remedies proposed for the depressiou of their condition, gives his views on the most eligible system of emigration lt would be impossible for us to give the result of such a multifarious treeise, or to methodize such desultory remarks, in the short space which we can spare for a notice of this pamphlet; but we cannot refrain from inserting the following curious and inter esting statement, the result of our authm's personal experience as a Magistrate : " fhe consequence of such low rate of remuneration, and the dependence on a provision unwillingly wrung from the proprietor by the parish officers, is also manifested in the increase of crime; for self-respect, a due sense of shame, and regard for character, being destroyed, the great moral barrier to vice is broken down. The first principle of nature, self-preservation, is but too frequently called ' into action; and an unfortunate wretch,' with his children' crying for bread, is prepared for the violation of the law,' reeardless of the extent of crime to which he may be. Urged. This consideration leads me to a subject which it is impossible to separate from the misery of the people,— namely, the state of our criminal laws, and the effects of our present mode.of punishment. I have made it a prac tice of late years to attend our prisons at certain periods,' and have generally examined the prisoners a short time' previous to the assizes ; and I will add some facts which' forcibly struck me in the course of this experience. In: January, 1829, there were 96 prisoners for trial in Bedford gaol, of whom 76 were able-bodied men, in the prime of life, and chiefly of general good character, who werd driven to crime by sheer want, and who would have beeri valuable subjects, had they been placed in s situathrfri where, by the exercise of their health and strength, they "114 have mil*" a subsistence. There were in this rnmber IS poachers swan; trial for the capital offence Of using arms in self-defence when attacked by game keepers ; of these 18 men, one only was not a parish pauper, and he was the agent of the London poulterers, who, passing under the apparent vocation of a rat-catcher, paid these poor creatures more in one night than they could obtain from the overseer for a week's labour. I conversed with each of these men singly, and made minutes of their mode of life. The two first I will teen ti. , n are the two brothers, the Lilleys, in custody under a charge of firing on, and wounding, a keeper, who endea voured to apprehend them while poaching. They were two remarkably fine young men, and very respectably con ureted. The elder, 28 years of age, married, with two small children. When I inquired how be could lend him self to such a wretched course of life, the poor fellow re plied, ' Sir, I had a pregnant wife, with one infant at her knee, and another at her breast; I was anxious to obtain work. 1 offered myself in all directions, but without suc cess ; if I went to a distance, I was told to go back to my parish, and when I did so, I was allowed,—What? Why, for myself, my babes, and a wife in a condition requiring more than common support, and unable to labour, I was all oared 7s. a week for all ; for which I was expec'ed to work o❑ the roads from light to dark, and to pay three guineas a year for the hovel which sheltered us.' Th e other brother, aged twenty-two, unmarried, received Gd. a day. These two men were hanged at the Spring As sizes. Of the others, ten were single men, their ages varying from 17 to 27. Many had never been in gaol before, and were considered of good character. Six of these were on the roads at O. per day. T wo could not obtain even this pittance. One had been refused relief on the ground that he had shot tly previous obtained a pro fitable piece of job work, and one had existed on iB. during the fortnight before he joined the gang in question. Of five married men, two with wife and t►so children, received 75.; two with wife and one child, 6s. ; and one with wife and lour small children, 11s. " At this period, in the Howe of Correction were 32 poachers under summary conviction. Of these, 17 were destitute of all employment, and, as being single men, were refined relief by their tivets,ers on the ground of want of means of employment; eight were parish paupers, of whom three were receiving 6d. per day; one lad of sixteen years of age, aid. per day; another, of seventeen, ltd. ; and three of eightee❑ years old, sd. each per day. Of the seven in regular work, three married men, with families, got 91. per week ; two other married men, with smaller familit s, Bs. ; one single man, aged twenty, 4s. ; and one only, of the whole body of thirty-two, was receiv ing wages at all approaching to fair remuneration, he (a married man, without family) obtaining 9s. per. week. Here, then, we find men, whom we are bound to suppose honest in principle, and against whom no impeachment can stand but want of fair employment, exiting on a pit tance perfectly incomp•tent to provide lodging, food, clothing, fuel, and washing ; the average rate being 71. 10s. per head per annum. In Hanslope prri,h, the ave rage price for five years for fifty-one able-bodied men, sup ported by rates, was 81. ss, 6d. per head." Mr. Niacqueen, in looking out for the remedies of our present distress, which he traces partly to a re dundant population, introduces and discusses the subject of emigration. The remarks which he makes on this subject are not undeserving of notice. To the questions whither should the stream of emi gration be directed, and what regulations should he adopted in our colonies to render emigrationprofitable, both to them and the mother country, he replies, by giving his opinion in favour of Australia, and sug gests several changes in its management which may deserve the attention of the Colonial Office.—Times. We confess we have all along thought favourably of the talents, the industry, and the information which Lord Mountcashel has evinced on the ques tion of ecclesiastical appointments, the distribution of church patronage, and the inadequate stipends of by far the greatest number of curates of the church of England. His zeal is exceeded only by his dis interestedness ; and his fear of the church's thun der, however much it might overawe ordinary minds, has no terrors for him, whose sole desire is to promote the cause of religion and benefit his country. Having thus thought favourably of his Lordship from the very outset, in despite of consi derable opposition, it is with unfeigned pleasure that we at length see justice done to his exertions by our contemporary of the Standard. Last night it observed— " There was not a reform last night proposed by his Lordship, whether in the 1.-tter of the canon or the prac tice of the church, which ought not to be made; must of the abuses of practice might, indeed, be corrected without legislative interference, and the temperate and conclusive speech of Lord Mountcashel will by itself operate as a powerful corrective." It was not the temperate tone of his address with which we were most struck, but the deplorable state of the laborious and most useful order of the clergy that excited our sympathy, and even our indignation, when we considered the cold, the indifferent, the cal louS, the heartless silence with which the Noble Lord's representations were received by the Right Reverend Bench. We have no wish to give offence, but we cannot help saying that it is disgustirig to human na ture, and an insult to the charity of the Christian reli gion, to see twenty or thirty spiritual Lords, pampered with all the luxuries of life, rolling in wealth, dipping their hands into almost inexhaustible treasures, proud in heart, grasping in disposition, versatile in principle, abstemious in the exercise of meekness or godliness, showering patronage on their relation and aggrandizing carnal riches for their children—it is lamentable as well as revolting, we say, to see these high priests treating with ineffable scorn the poverty and the indignity of their poorer churchmen. Lord Mountcashel drew a picture enough to make one for ever forswear a Bishop; and yet these Lords crossed their lawn sleeves, turned their eyes towards Heaven, and, like the dog in the play, said not a word. They had not even an apology to offer —not a regret to express. They evinced no sorrow, they offered no remedy. They were told that in 1810, when wheat was 100 s. a quarter, meat Is. 2d. a pound, and soap, candles, fire, house-rent and small beer, clothes and shoes, all equally high, there were 45.5 curates in England, whose stipends did not much exceed 501., and no less than :3,239 who did not even receive this sum ! 66 They were paid," said Lord Mountcashel, " at the rate of 2s. 84d. per diem, being about Is. per diem less than at that time was paid to bricklayer's labourers. It is true that since 1810 the salaries of all curates have been incseased by Act of Parliament; but to how much ? Why, to the handsome stipend of seventy-five pounds a-year. At this moment the most efficient labourers in the splendidly endowed church of England are paid at the rate of a very inferior journeyman tailor—at a rate less than any minister of the poorest parish in Scotland ! This, we say again, is a reproach to the Protestant church. It should not be tolerated for even a single hour. If the church of England were poorly endowed—if its revenues were inadequate—if it were a pauper church living upon charity, and its ministers begging alms at th e a l tar — t h en we m i g h t h ave l ess to urge in favour of the labouring curates. But, on the contrary, the cup of the church runs over. Its wealth is enormous. Its high dignitaries when called to orders elsewhere—we say not where—leave princely fortunes behind them. Its Deans and Pre bends, Archdeacon s and many of its Rectors, feed in goodly pastures, the fields all green, and the groves all gold ; while the working curate, he ‘vhotn the Almighty can alone recognise as his minister, and the flock as their shepherd, feeds in a narrow lane, upon heath and garbage, picking up a stray leaf here, and a chance acorn there, a drifting carrot when the floods are in, or a b unc h o f turn i ps w hi c h some neighbouring pet wedders have left by mis take upon the common. This is the actual state of the church of England, not merely as it is described by Lord Mountcashel, but as it is found to be by e very man who is at the trouble to make any inquiry concerning it. But, God help us ! the Bishops care for none of these thi ngs. They en j oy their forty, their thirty, and t h e i r twenty thou sands a-year, and like a certain person—they will know whom we allude to—bless Heaven that they are not as other m en are. It is, there fore, impossible to look a t t hi s deplora bl e state of the. church without ex c l a i m i ng —there most be a reform ! It is no wonder t h at Di ssenters in crease when the veriest spouter that ascends a tub in the conven t t n i e cle o i f s cbalectul,ternonand fores ight, remune ratedres g t h h ta, or at n any curate of the establishment. . Dissentin g c l ergymen are generally n least their fathers or guardians are. They see the elianeet of comfort without COntroul 6n the one side, and probable dependence, servility, and a life of • poverty on the other. They accordingly make their election—they gather a flock, they make friends, they are respected among their own per suasion, and they consequently bring the church into disgrace. But Lord Mountcashel's zeal and exertions will do good. Not that we expect any amelioration from the Bishop!. The pruning-knife must be applied by the people from without. The incomes of the Bishops must be reduced. The windfalls must be inquired into. The pluralities must be cut up, and the spoils more fairly divided. We must have no Reverend Mr. Wellesleys resid ing in Pimlico, rendering a place that is a nuisance of itself a greater nuisance on his account—draw ing his tithes from three counties at the same instant—amassing money at the expence of religion and the general weal—preaching charity, and pay ing higher wages to his footmen and his grooms than he pays to those who serve before the altar.— There must be an end to all this soon. Poverty is an excellent moralist and an irresistible reformer; and at present he is in capital condition to do his work reell.—Morning Journal. The Journalists in the service of Government, who only last year declaimed incessantly in favour of " civil and religious liberty," who told the pub lic that freedom of conscience was too sacred a pos session, too holy a privilege, to be restrained by hu man laws, and fettered by civil disabilities—those very Journalists have just now sounded the tocsin of intolerance, and endeavoured to rally the preju dices of the people around the standard of religious lattred and political persecution. But this is not all : they are not content with the shameless abju ration of their own principle—they add to the out rage against consistency an insult to the understand ing—they attempt, by miserable sophistry, to re concile the free policy which they once professed with the exclusiveness which they now advocate, and would fain make the world believe that it is " part and parcel" of the same code of liberality to give political power to the Roman Catholics, and to per petuate the degradation of the Jews. Whatever pretexts these consistent instructors of the public urge for adopting a course which involves so glar ing a contradiction of principle, the real motive which actuates them is the one which they do not choose to avow; and it is, that the Ministers of the Crown Were favourable to the one measure, and are adverse to the other. This is the cause why they, who were in the habit of calling the conscientious opponents of the Roman Catholic claims bigots and fools, and who contended that no body of men had a right to make religious diferences of opinion a ground of political exclusion, now maintain that such exclusion may not only he necessary, but just— thereby proving that their liberality hinges upon the convenient principle of a compliance with the wishes of the " powers that be." One of these Journa li,ts, who was most vehement in his zeal for giving to the subjects of the Papal hierarchy a power of le gislating for our Protestant Church, is, indeed ashamed of the objection, on religious grounds, which had been taken by his companions of the " Red Cross" in this new crusade of the nineteenth century against the children of Palestine. He af fects to discover an insurmountable obstacle to their emancipation, of a civil and political nature, which we will allow him to explain in his own words. He says—" It is true that, from the very nature of all civil government, the Jews who reside in any coun try are entitled to the protection et' those laws which they are bound to obey : if, instead of mere resi dents, they become natural born subjects, they would, according to the fair and liberal construction of the best rules of political administration, be en titled to all the privileges of native citizens. What, then, excepts the Jews from the advantage of this general principle ? Themselves alone : their own institutions alone. The Jews, if there be any truth in their traditions, any validity in their Scriptures, must be strangers and aliens in every land but one which they inhabit. We do rot mean aliens in the ordi nary sense of the term, but we mean aliens according to the best, and indeed only, construction which their own scheme of civil and religious polity can bear. The Jews are not, cannot be, component parts of any na tion : their civil, their religious institutions forbid any such amalgamation. They are, however, scat tered, however distant from each other, not only, in the language of their own sacred volume, a peculiar people,' but a separate nation. They cannot have, they must not have, any identity of political interest with any people but their oWm" The whole of the above passage, as far as it contains any show of argu ment, resolves itself into this, that a Jew, wherever he may first draw the breath of life—wherever he may make his livelihood, or heap together his siches —has no country but Judea, and is a sojourner merely in every other; therefore he is, by the peculiarity of his situation and feelings, unfit to enjoy the rights of citizenship, and, of necese sity, devoted to perpetual exclusion. We grant that the Jews are a " peculiar people ;" but whence did they derive their " peculiarity ?" From the special appointment of that Supreme Being, whom we all, Jews and Christians, adore, and who selected them from among the nations of the earth to - preserve his holy worship from the defilement of idolatrous people, and to be the depositary of those sublime truths which form the everlasting ground work of our Divine religion. This is a peculiarity which at least, has a glorious origin ; and, however the "chosen of God" may have subsequently incurred his awful displeasure, it is not for us to persecute any class of men, under the pretext of avenging the cause of Omnipotence. But we must do the writer in question the justice to say that it is not on a ground so utterly untenable that he dooms the Jews to perpetual exclusion from the privileges of the English Constitution. He as serts that the Hebrew race are not only a peculiar people, but a " separate nation," arid that they can not have any identity of political interest with any people but their own. This is a posi tion which history disproves, and reason re pels. The Patriarch Joseph was an Israelite, and a sojourner in the land of Egypt ; and yet, when in trusted with the administration of the affairs of that kingdom, he showed no want of identity of political interest with the people of Pharaoh, if we can judge of that by the wise and faithful discharge of his great trust in the management of that ancient empire; and it was not until persecution arose that the allegiance of the Hebrews was dissolved. This and other an cient examples—such as Mordecai preserving against traitors the life of a King who was an enemy to his faith and nation—may be considered instances of Jewish fidelity to Foreign Powers of too remote a date to avail the present question. Well, then, we say, look to the conduct of the Jews in those coun tries of modern Europe, in which they have been to lerated. Have they ever been discovered plotting against the security of such States, and engaging. in schemes of disaffection and rebellion ? On the contrary, have they not been always: found ready to take up arms to defend the• land of their adoption, and to risk their lives in its cause as bravely as other people ? Have they not in. Poland, the Netherlands, and other States, given proofs of their attachment arid' patriotic fidelity to the country that affords them its privileges and protection ? It is ridiculous to.sup pose that, because they look to a future restoration to the land of their forefathers, they cannot, until such an event occurs, attach themselves to the. country of their birth or their adoption in preference to all others. Does the idea of their eventual re- turn to the Holy Land prevent them from building houses—from purchasing land—and accumulating property in the countries whose institutions are liberal enough to allow them not only to collect' riches, but to lay them out in what way they please ? In such possessions have they not the most powerful stimulus of human stature to attach them to the soil, and to blend them in a come munity of political interest with the people Towards renovated Palestine, indeed, and the " newi Jerusalem," they may have a speculative patriotisrd p but their heirpresent and real attachment and Riles glance will be given where their wealth, their wives, and their children—their political privileges, and all that is valuable in existence and dear to the heart of man—are to be found. It is true, as the Journalist in question sagaciously observes, the names of Somers and Locke, of Hampden and Sidney, may not call up any very exciting recollections in the mind of a Jew; yet, as long as the security of pro perty and the prosperity of States depend upon the wisdom of civil Government, so long will the Jew feel an interest in the political institutions of the land in which he resides; for even Holy Wit tells us that " where the treasure is, there will the heart be also." B; ;t why should the advocate of the Roman Catholic claims mention the names of So mers and Locke—of Hampden and Sidney ? 'I hey were champions of the Protestant faith in intellect and arms. The Roman Catholics have no cause to love their names; yet that was not held to disqualify them for a participation in the freedom which such men achieved.—Morning 11eiwid. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. BOW-STREET. Yesterday Mr. John White, one of the King's Messengers, came before Sir R. BIRNIE, to complain of an obstruction which he had met with while c,m veying the bulletin announcing the state of his Majesty's health from Windsor to London. Mr. White stated, that he was posting with all speed to London yesterday, with the bulletin, when the man at the toll-gate of Smallberry-green turn pike, which is near Brentford, refused to let the chaise through the gate without payment, although he (Mr. White) told him his business, and showed him the silver greyhound, the insignia of his office. A delay of at least three minutes was thus cern sioned, when the man consented that the chaise s►►ould pass, he (Mr. White) having given him his name and address. The delay, however, of a single minute in such a case was of importance, and he deemed it necessary to make an application upon the subject to Sir Richard, in order that he might not be again impeded. Sir R. BIRNIE expressed surprise that the toll keeper should have been so hardy as to stop a King's messenger engaged upon a mission of so much importance. His Majesty's messengers were ex empted from paying any toll, and he was at a loss to know the ground upon which the man had objected. Mr. White explained, that the toll-taker had no objection to let him pass had he been alone, but he objected because another person was in the chaise, which eh cumstance, he said, made itliable to the toll. Mr. MINSIIULL asked if the chaise belonged to his Majesty, or if it were hired for the purpose ? Mr. White replied, that he bad hired the chaise at Windsor, and paid for it at the rate of Is. G. a mile, besides a present of 55., which he was in the habit of giving to the postboy for using extra speed, as it was necessary that the bulletin should reach St. James's within two hours from the time of start ing from Windsor Castle. Sir R. BIRNIE observed, that Mr. White had paid for his journey most liberally, and he wondered at the temerity of the toll-taker in stopping the chaise under such circumstances, as to all intents and pur poses it spas his own vehicle for the time being, he had a right to take whom he pleased in it. Mr. MINSIIULL agreed in that opinion. Suppose, however, that, instead of hiring a chaise for his own purpose, Mr. White had, while on a similar duty, accepted a seat in a gentleman's carriage, would the carriage be allowed to pass free although et!lers might be in it ? Sir R. BIRNIE said he thought not. Ile remem bered a circumstance which occurred while he was a Magistrate at Union-hall, which bore some simi larity to the supposed case. There happened to he a review at Wandsworth-common, and General Bailey was the officer in command. The General sent on a servant with his horses, and left town fo: the review in a postchaise. The turnpike-man, however,?refused to let him pass without payment of the toll, upon which the General was very angry, and showing his person decked in full regimentals, he claimed to be exempted from the demand on the ground that he was a general officer on his Mu jesty's duty. The toll-taker, however, insisted upon being paid, observing," Your horses, General, have passed the gate free, • and had you ridden one of them, you should have passed free also, but riding as you do, I demand toll." The General, sooner then be detained paid the demand, and summoned the man to Union-Hall-office, "and the case came before me," observed Sir Richard, " but I decided against the General, and in favour of the sturdy toll taker." Mr. White said, that all be wanted was, that he should not experience another interruption. At this particular crisis messengers Uere hurrying to and from Windsor, with orders to use more than ordinary speed, and it was therefore of importance that no impediment should arise upon the road. Sir R. BIRNIE - was of opinion that the man would not act so again. If he did, however, Mr. White ought by all means to pay him his demand, and then summon him to this office, when he would have an opportunity of trying his right. Mr. White should certainly adopt the course re commended by the Magistrate, and withdrew. John Barnes, who stands charged with stealing 105 silver plates and a quantity of glass, the pro perty of the Marquis of Bath, was yesterday fully committed for trial. Three young men were charged before Sir R. BIRNIE with having been found gambling in the parlour of the Duke of Wellington public-house in \Vych-street. Sir R. BIRNIE observed that publicans committed a very grievous offence in permitting )dung working men to gamble in their houses. An information was then directed to be laid against the landlord, and the young men were ordered to attend to give evidence when the case came on for a hearing. Two women of the town, named - Wilson and Da venport, were charged with having robbed a yoong man named Kedlar, who resides in North-street, Rod Lion-square, of a watch, chain, and seals, value IGI. The prisoners were remanded until Monday next. WORSHIP-STREET. RIAG-DROPPlNG.—Yesterday Charles Jones, a well-known duffer and body-snatcher, was charged before W. BENETT, Esq., with defrauding Eliza beth Ilett of 7s. Gd., under the following circum stances:— The complainant, a respectable-looking person, stated that she was on her way home, in City-road, when the prisoner, who was walking before her, suddenly stooped down and picked up a piece of paper, saying he hoped it contained a sovereign.— She asked what it was : he replied, '• Why I de clare they are beautiful gold rings." He that asked her to read a paper, which he said was the bill of them. She saw that the bill was for .51. 16s. The prisoner then put the bill and rings into his pocket, and walked away. Shortly afterwards she saw an other man pick up a piece of paper, which, upon opening, was found to contain dirt. The man said he was in hopes he had found the gold rings which a lady had lost out of her carriage just before. She said she knew the person who had found them. The man replied that it was very lucky, as the lady in tended offering 31. reward for their recovery. Com. plainant hastened after the prisoner to inform him of his good fortune, when he said it was unlucky, as he was obliged to leave town the same evening, or else he should lose a good situation, and rather than do that he would be glad to take 11. for them. He asked complainant if she would like to buy them ? She told him that she had not sufficient money about her; site had only got 7s. Gd., but if he would accompany her to a friend's house she would borrow the money. He told her he would take the 7s. Gd. and call upon her for the rest of the money if she would give him her address, which she did, and paid hint 7s. 6d., and he gave her the rings and went away. A witness who had been watching the prisoner's movements said he had known the prisoner as a body-snatcher for several years. He saw him drop papers before several other females, but none of them took any notice; at last the complainant caught the bait. When he say her pay the Money to the prisoner he suffered him to depart, well knowing where to find him. He afterwards accompanied the complainant to Vinegar-yard, City-road, 'a noted resort for thieves and prostitutes, where he found the prisoner and took him into custody ; upon which the prisoner struck him a violent blow on the eye.—The prisoner made no defence, and was re manded. THE MARKETS. SOUTHALL MARKET.—May 3. This day's supply of Beasts and Calves was limited, of Sheep, Lambs, and Pigs, tolerably good; the trade, owing to a thin muster of buyers, was very dull throughout, at the following prices per stone of Sib, to sink the offals Beef 33.0 d. to 3s. Mt Veal 4s. Sd. to ss, Bd. Mutton 3 0 4 0 I Pork 3 6 4 6 Lamb 6 , ‘ (kt. to is. Od. The foregoing quotations are, Mutton, i.amb, and Veal, 2d. per s'one lower than on this day se'nnight ; in prices of Beef and Pork no alteration.—Beasts, 117; Sheep and Lambs, 3,757 Calves, 36; Pigs, 122.—A considerable number of Sheep and Lambs, and some Beasts and Pigs left the market unsold. HAI LSHAM MARK ET.—May 5. Reef 3s. Od. to 35. Bd. 4s. 4d. to 4s. Rd. 3 4 44( Pork 0 0 0 0 Lamb —.— 6s. fkl. to 6s. 4d. A short supply, and a dull trade. ARUNDEL MARKET.—May 4. 2s. LOU. to Ss. 6d. 4s. 4d. to 4a. Rd. Mutton 3 2 4 2 0 0 0 0 Laud', ss. 01. to fu. 2d A limited supply, and a dull trade. CIIICHES'FER M ARKET.—M4,y Bccf--,--- 2s. 8,1. to 3s. 6d. Vcal 4s. (d. to 4s. ed. Mutton 3 2 4 2 "I Pork-- 3 0 3 6 _ Land, M. Od. to 6s. Cd. _ Couple , : (Ewe: with th• it Lamb) 30s. to 48s. each ; in Store Sheep or Beasts little doing. Supply moderate, and trade dull. RUMFORD MARKET.—May 5. R. d. tom. d. s. d. d. I;eef 2 8 3 fc Veal Mutton 3 0 4 0 Pork 3 0 4 10d. to Bs. 2d. Suckling Calves from Its. to 304 ; Quarter oldPigsl2s.tol6e.sacb. A limited supply, and a dull trade. COUNTRY CORN MARKET DURING THIC WEEK. Sit heat. Barley. Oats. Beam , . Per Quarter. Blandford Brigg.. - 8. to 8. 60 ca Cambridge Long Sutton—.... !ynn 56 70 58 69 60 68 6 , 2 68 5-4, 70 65 70 64 73 56 70 58 73 6. 6. 27 3t 32 Ng 97 SS 55 67 60 72 53 68 a. to a, 17 23 '29 32 28 36 32 40 27 46 37 • 40 28 3/ 24 30 19 25 18 24 19 21 16 26 24 30 21 27 18 25 20 24 5. to 6. 18 al 35 24 3.5 22 :38 17 26 20 26 c 2 26 42 49 27 so 32 0 34 39 32 39 40 43 32 47 37 42 23 43 - 41 37 4 2 34 47 32 36 hfewark Nottingham - Peterborough Plymouth Slea for , I Uppingham IVibbech LI VERPOOL CORN EXCHANGE.—May 4. At this day's market Wheat again experienced a de cline of from 3(1. to 401. per bushel, and Flour of is. to 2s. per sack. In the value of other articles there was little alteration. .. -.- ..... . WHEAT, ` English, White, per 701 b. Red --• Scotch, Welch, and Maux Irish, White 9 3 9 Red 8 6 9 0 Foreign lO 0 10 6 OATS, English, Welsh, and Scotch, rer 451 b 3 8 3 1 0 - Irish - Foreign Ils }mar, English, Malting, per Imp. quarter 36 0 38 0 - Scotch and Irish, per 60Ibs. - Feeding 4 8 4 9 BEANS, English, per I:nperial quarter 3B 0 44 0 Irish, &c. -- .. ... _ Foreign 3 9 0 40 0 PEASE, English, per Imperial quarter 44 0 44 0 Foreign FLoutt, English, per 280Ib. 49 0 hl 0 - Irish ,t/ g OATstEsc, English and Irish, per 2.101bs ... 27 0 01 ' - INDIAN CoItN, per 44011% 0 Rva, per Imperial quarter MALT, per Imperial quarter IMPORT OF GRAIN for the Week ending May 3. Wheat.' Oats. I Barley Flour. Oatmeal Qrs. Qrs. Qrs. 'Foreign, Brisllrish, &c. Scks.l Loads. 9,316 3,518 1,954 3,123 I 1,1.00 ),464_ LEEDS CORN MARKET.—May S. We hail a good supply of Grain to this day's market, and the trade was dull. There was little alteration in the prices, except in Wheat and Batley, which may both be quoted Is. to 2s. per quarter lower. Wheat, Norfolk and Suffolk, 601 b. York. and Lincoln. 601 b. Barley, Norfolk and Suflblk Yorkshire and Lincolnshire Grinding Beaus 63lb. .... ............ ..—.. Vs. to 38s. Oats, Potatoe . 255. to 281. • --Mealing, Foreign Il} d. to lid....Engligh I Id. to Mt. per pt. Shelling 325. to 3.5 g. per load. Rapeseed, English, 271. to 29/ Foreign, —l, to —I, pert LEWES MARKET.—May 4. White Wheat (per quarter) £3 '7 0 to ./3 12 0 Red ditto 2 16 0 3 8 0 Barley Oats, New 1 1 0 1 2 0 Beans b 1 10 0 2 0 0 Oil Cake, New l2 0 0 per thousand. CHELTENHAM MARKET.—May 4. Per Bushel. s. d. to s. d. Pet lb. d. to (I- Wheat Barley Oats 4 0 5 6 Mitttvn 2 6 4 0 Veal_ 5 0 Beans Pease 4 9 5 6 Lamb 0 0 5 0 8 0 York 4 6 Hay 1/ li los. to 31. 15s. per ton. HULL MARKET.—May 4. We had rather a short supply of farmers' Wheat to-dap yet tile trade was very heavy, even for the best quality, at a decline of full IP. on the rates of last week, and a greater reduction must have been submitted to on the inferior qua- Mies to have effected toles. A few cargoes of Wheat bave tome in from foreign ports, but so litt:e business has been done that no alteration can be noticed ; there has heel some considerable sales of Russian Wheat, both in bond and free, during the past week ; in other descriptions of foreign Wheat, in chamber, nothing doing. Very little Barley offering to-day, and last week's prices were sup ported. In Beans no alterarion. The Oat trade is dull Again, but no lower. Linseed and Rspcseed remain unal tered, not much business passing in either article. Wheat, Old —s. Ms. 72a. New —s. 50s. 624. ------ Foreign —s. 51s. 71s. ln bond ... —s. --8. - - s. Oats, Poland —s. 20s. 248. 01d......... 265. — Barley S , ln N a ( l :rf o . r & r S e u ed t .. ..... 2 12 :5 . . 335 . 18' Linc..S; Wold Foreign —s. 20s. D . 's. Foreign Beans=s c . 2 34 4: : 325. :375. 4 2e . Foreign —s. 308. 383 Pease, 'White 3ss. 388. Grey --8. 30s. 315. Fares —s 30s. :363. Foreign —L 265. 30". Rapeseed, in bond none. DUMFRIES MA Wheat, Imp. Bush... 7 oto 7 6 Butter, I6oz Barley 3 0 4 0 Eggs, dozen Oats 2 9 3 1 Beef, per lb. Flour, 1-11 b. Oatmeal 2 2 2 6 Veal Potatoes. cwt. RKETS.-April 28. s. d. s. 0 0 to 0 00 0 4 04 05 04 00 3 04 07 04 BIRTHS. On the 7th inst. at Cheshunt, Herta, the lady of James H. Leigh, Esq., of a son and heir. On the sth inst. at Cardington, Bedfordshire, the lady of Samuel Whitbread, Esq., M.P., of a son. O❑ the 6th inst. in Baker-street, the lady of the Right Hon. Lord Harris, of a4on. On the 3d inst. the lady of J. Rishwortls, Esq fete of, York, of a eon. , Ou the 25th ult. at Lymington, the lily of Capt. 13. Yeoman, R.N., of a daughter. MARRIED. On the sth inst. at Langarren Church, Robert Charles, only son of Robert Vaux, EN., of Court St. Lawrence, Monmouthshire, to Mary Jane, eld , st daughter o f the Rev. J ,, hn Jones, of Langstone Court, Herefordshire. On the 4th inst. at 'for, Devonshire, by the Rev. P. Williams Reynell, Idenry S. H. Wollaston, Esq., Agent to the Branch Batik of England, Exeter, to Frances Ma ria Alonro, fourth (laughter of the late Charles Monroe E s q., of Chandos-street, Cavendish-square. On the 6th inst. at St. Mary's, Bryanstone-square, W. Schneider, Esq., to Charlotte Elizabeth, youngest daughter of the late Col. Robertson. On the 6th inst at St. John's, Hackney, Alfred Paulo eldest son of F. Bowman, Esq., of 'Wandsworth-lodge, Surrey, to Mary Ann, eldest daughter of J. Craven, Esq• of Stamford•hill. On the 4th inst. at Chichester, the Rey. J. R. Munn, 8.A., of Worcester College, Oxford, to Rosalie, youngtst daughter of the Lae Major Anthony Greene, East India Cvnipany's service. DIED. On the sth inst. at Gioucesiei-place, Portman-square, Matilda, wife of Alex. John Colvin, Esq. of the Bengal Civil Service._ On the 24 inst. at Cambridge, at the aTe of 78, We. Ann Buxtpn, widow of the late Thomas Buxton, Esq., of Leicester. Oa the Gth inst. Mr. N. Saunders, of Upper Thamee• street, in his 51st year. On the Sd inst. at Bright-n, Alariane, the, beioveti wife of Henry Hopkins, Esq. of High Cliff, Hants, in the 50th year r.f her age. PAINTED AND PUBLISHED BY MURDO YOUNG, Ai THE SUN OFNICE, 112, SE AND, LOXDON. N' akaf-o -Tolif and Ths - daY of and i a •at this but no T' CATE Taven Wzn - ; Lord I lion. I John ( Rev. t By the Hen ton-sti ing, of a Hon.; and Al Viait t The Vsneti HEAT LONI G.' A fro m I. banefu &c., a Sexual rooting part I tubjeeti By it c hill el kri e i ng w wre a. j hroe it 4 toditti 11 4 sv Rooting " Whit To hi! and To meni Oat s , Art Cot T' C' LIS T lido to ti , 3 ukeri, .L,, tent Their !irei, Iteri; stock. (