The Sun. — London, England, 1863-07-04 00:00:00

IXPERIAL PARLIAMENT HOUSE OF LORDS---Last Evening. The LORD Cll4NctlLoit took his seat on the woolsack at five o'clock. PRIVATE BUSINESS. The Astor Estates, Finch Hatton Estates, Belfast, Holy bead, and Bangor Railway, Devon Valley Railway, New castle and Carlisle Road, Hemel Hempstead and London and North Western Railway, Great Western Railway (Branch to Great Bridge), Portadown and Dungannon and Omagh Junction Railway, and West Hartlepool Harbour and Railways Bills were read a third time and passed. Lora BROUGHAM presented a petition from a gentle man of thename of Blundell, complaining of the present state of the criminal law. From the facts of the case the noble and learned lord thought it was desirable that in cases of misdemeanour, when the prosecutor was examined, the defendant might also be allowed the same privilege if he desired it. COMMITTEE. The following bills passed through committee :—British Columbian Boundaries Bill—the Jurisdiction of Justices Bill, and the Oaths Relief in Criminal Proceedings (Scot land) Bill. Tha.report of Amendments to the Naval Medical Supple men Fund &cicty Winding-up Act, 1861, Amendment Bill was brought up and received. The report of amendments to the Telegraph Bill wan also brought up and received. THE SEE OF WINCHESTER. Lord LYTTELTON presented a petition from the clergy of the rural Ceanery of Southwark,praying for a divi sion of the diocese of Winchester on its next avoidanee, ACADEMICAL DEGREES. Earl fI,US SELL presented a petition from certain heads of colleges, pi °lessors, knows, and tutors of the University of Oxford, praying for the removal of the present subscrip tion required for academical degrees. The noble lord thought there was great danger in multiplying declarations which were totally unnecessary, and that it would become both the great Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, con sidering the immense number of her Majesty's subjects not members of the Church of England, if they were to open the benefits of those universities without requiring from them a declaration of their assent to the Thirty-nine Articles. The Earl of DERBY complained that the petition had been got up surreptitiously, had not been laid upon the table in any of the common rooms, or submitted to the hebdomadal council, and did not fairly represent the opinions of the university. He should very much regret to see the petitioners' request adopted, as he feared it would only be the first step towards a similar interference with clerical subscription. Earl GRANVILLE denied that the petition had been got up in the manner described, and stated that it had been laid upon the common table of the university. The Earl of HARROW BY would strongly object to any relaxation of the subscription, which would have the effect of introducing into the university as teachers persons who did not belong to the Established Church. The Bishop of LONDON was of opinion that the decla ration might with safety be relaxed. He rejoiced that the subscription formerly required from undergraduates had been abolished, and regretted that any shred or tatter of the same system should be retained by the authority of the university. After a few words from Lord BROUGHAM and the LORD CHANCELLOR, The Bishop of OXFORD said that the only object of the subscription was to ensure that the governing body of the university should be members of the Established Church. For his part he thought no grievance existed, ane that, therefore, it was unnecessary to legislate upon the subject. The Mutiny (East India) Act Repeal, the Public Works Manufacturing Districts, and the Thames Embankment (South Side) Bills were read a second time. The Innkeepers' Liability, the Postmaster General (Sale of Land), and the Local Government Supplemental Bills were severally read a third time and passed. Their lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS—Last Evening. The SPEAKER took the chair at 20 minutes past 12. PRIVATE BUSINESS. The following bills were read a third time and passed : Anglesey Central Railway—Dulas Valley Mineral Railway —Okehampton and Lidford Junction Railway—Ringwood, C hristchurch, and Bournemouth /tail way--and Watford and Rickmansworth Railway. FISHERIES (IRELAND) BILL. The house went into committee on this bill, and the con sideration of the clauses occupied the remainder of the sitting. _ _ The house resumed at six o'clock. THE KING OF OUDE'S CLAIMS. Colonel FRENCH asked why the investigation into the claims of the King of Oudo was to take place in India, when the parties, and he believed all the documents, were in England. Sir C. WOOD said the papers and parties might be here, but ho had reason to believe that the most important evi dence was not in England but in India, and therefore that was the proper place to hold the inquiry. HARWICH FORESHORES. Captain JERVIS asked the Secretary to the Treasury how the foreshores in Harwich harbour, near the entrance to the Stour, purchased by the commissioners appointed by the 7th Queen Anne, chap. 26, for the purpose of fortifica tions. came into the possession of the Woods and Forests. Mr. F. PEEL said that, by an act of 11 George IV., the foreshores at Harwich had been placed under the manage• ment of the surveyor to the Commissioners of Woods and Forests for 150 years. Captain JERVIS—But I am now asking about land purchased expressly for fortifications. Dlr. F. PEEL said he could not give any further answer at present. Captain JERVIS—Then I will put the question another day. EIGHTS OF NEUTRALS. Mr. CARNEGIE asked whether, in the existing state of affairs in .America, it was contrary to international law to coneign arms, amm unition, or medi cines to the ports of Quebec, Nassau, Matamoras, and Hava na; an d whether a vessel containing- suc h articles, and bound t o any o f t h ose ports, would be liable to condemnation by a prize court. The SOLICITOR. GENERAL said he should have thought, after the recent numerous discussions, that anybody mi g ht h ave answered th at question for him.. self. He had only to say that the four ports men _ tioned were all neutral ports, and no bona fide consign went t° any of them wculd be liable to seizure. At the same time that was only an abstract question, and the con test generally raised was as to th e co nsignment being bona fide; but he was not aware that the prize courts of America had laid down any new doctrine upon that point. SEIZURE OF GROWING CROPS (IRELAND). Sir H. BRUCE asked the Chief Secretary for Ireland whether he would introduce this session a bill on the subject of the seizure of growing crops in Ireland. Sir R. PEEL said he would move to bring in a bill on Monday next. - THE BENGAL MILITARY FUND. Major HAMILTON asked the Secretary of State for India if, in pursuance of despatch to the Governor-General of India, dated Dec. 27, 1862 (N 0.482), her Majesty's Go ver:lment were prepared to guarantee payment of pensions to widows and orphans of subscribers to the Bengal Mili tary Fund at the rates now paid. Sir C. WOOD said he had no doubt that payments under the Widow and Orphan Fund would be secured, but those were private funds under the management of officers who were members of the service, and who were responsible for the management or mismanagement of them. PUBLIC WORKS (IRELAND). Sir 11. BRUCE asked the Secretary to the Treasury whether their lordships would sanction the Commissioner of Public Works in Ireland advancing to the town commis sioners of Coleraine moneys fur the improvement of the navigation of the Bann, under the provisions of their Act obtained this session; and whether they would sanction a free grant of part of the money for the same purpose, it being for the completion of a great work executed by the Board of Works in Ireland. Mr. F. PEEL said the Board of Works in Ireland had not yet made any application to the Treasury for their sanc tion to a loan, and the Government had no authority to make grants of money for the purpose mentioned. UNION RELIEF AID ACT CONTINUANCE BILL. In reply to Mr. TOLLEMACHE, Mr. VILLIERS said he would not object to postponing the second reading of this bill until after the deputation had waited upon him on Wednesday next, but the hon. gentle man must understand that he was responsible for the delay, CANADIAN FRONTIER DEFENCES. Col. ANNESLEY asked the Under-Secretary of State for War whether the Government had received the report of the commission sent out last year to inquire into the frontier defences of Canada; and it so, whether it was their inten tion to carry out at present the whole or any part of the re commendations contained in that report. The Marquis of HARTINGTON said the report had been received, but it referred to a matter which was as much one fbr the consideration of the Colonial Government as the home Government, and until some action had been taken by the Colonial Government, he was not sure that the Home Government would feel Justified in taking any proceedings. THE EXHIBITION BUILDING SITE. Col. FRENCH, in the absence of Mr. Gregory, asked the Chancellor of the Exchequer whether the Commissioners of 1851 were to be paid the sum of £120,000 for land at Ken sington before the Government were in clear possession of the land. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that 1.67,000 had been voted by the house to clear off certain ob ligations, and the Government had no power to apply any further sum until after a vote of the house. The proper plan Appeared to be to pay the money out of the balance of the Land of the commissioners for the transfer of the land when t " de eds were completed. In reply to AFFAIRS OF JAPAN. Mr. LAI H RAN E 044 the papers upon this eullect Would be laid upjn the table as soon as the result of the last nego tiations had been received. RECOGNITION OF THE SOUTHERN ATES. In reply to Mr. ROEBUCK, Sir G. GREY said his noble friend (Lord Palmerston) would be in the House on Monday in all picii ability, and then the time for taking the adjourned deb tte on the hon. gentleman's motion could be arranged. THE SUPPLY OF COTTON. Mr. CAIRD then rose to call attention to the supply of cotton, and to move for a select committee to inquire whether any further measures could be taken, within the legitimate functions of the Indian Government, for increas ing the supply of cotton from that country. The hon. gentleman expressed his belief that the abolition of slave labour would increase the price of cotton, though cotton would still be the cheapest article for clothing for probably a very long period. America had hitherto supplied about four-fifths of our demand, and India nearly the other fifth, and for 30 years post India has kept her ground in supply ing cotton against cheap labour and competition, Brazil had decreased, but the supply from Italy had considerably increased. It was wry remarkable, as an indication of in creased production in fresh channels, whereas in 1861, the total import, including that from America, amounted to 9,267,000 cwt., the quantity this year, when America had sent almost nothing, was 6,622,000 cwt. In Egypt the price of an acre of cotton was lately —it was new £2O. In three months of 1561, the supply from that country was 218,000 cwt., and in three months this year it was 2,295,000 cwts. This year it waa expected that 260,000 bales would be shipped from Egypt. From Smyrna we had had 50,000 bales last year, from which place we had previ ously had none. In Italy, great exertion had been used, and last year the produce in cotton had,in some instances,actually exceeded the original value of the fee-simple of the land it was grown upon. The cotton-growing was under the superin tendence of Signor Vincenzi, who had charge of the Italian department in the Exhibition of last year, and he believed great progress would shortly be made. The quality of the cotton was very good, and there was an easy command of labour and land admirably suited for its cultivation. The Italian farmer was able successfully to grow beans, barley, and cotton in the same year. Spain was pursuing the same course, and in Malta every suitable acre of land was being laid out in cotton. From those sources half a million of bales of cotton might be at the least expected ; and, if the prices continued remunerative, they might rea sonably expect its cultivation to increase to one million bales hereafter. They must, however, still look to America and India for the remaining supply required for this and other countries. The American supply depended, of course, upon the result of the war, for the Southern States possessed greater advantages for the growth of cotton than any other portion of the globe. It was, however, delusive to imagine that negro cultivation was more costly than free labour. In consequence of slavery, no country was able to grow good cotton so cheaply as the Southern States. It was by that system self-supporting, and a well-managed slave cotton estate was all profit. There were also great facilities of ex port. India, however, did not stand in so favourable a po sition for the growth of cotton as America in either of those respects, neither did India possess the extension of new and uncultivated land required, because no crop so soon and so much exhausts the land as cotton. If the Southern States should be victorious in the contest, they might expect cotton to be soon plentiful again, with no additional cost than would repay the war expenses. If, on the contrary, the Southern States should be shut up to the eastward of the Mississippi, the power of western extension so necessary in slavery would be diminished, and they must expect a largely increased population. But if the South be subdued, and a gradual emancipation of the slaves follow, then there would be for some years an increased cost of production of American cotton. In Louisiana and Tennessee free labour had been tried by giving wages to the blacks, and it was but right to say that so far it had worked extremely well, the despatches of Federal governors speaking of it in high terms. In many of the free States successful attempts had been made to grow cotton, and in Illinois cotton had been pro duced equal to middling New Orleans. If Vicksburg should fall half a million of bales would find their way to the North, and already 200,000 bales were on their way to the Northern States. The war, he thought, must shortly terminate, and the cotton cultivation ba resumed with a moderate increase of price, in which case they might look to America for one half of our former average supply, to which must be added the million bales from other sources beside India, so that he thought there was no occasion for alarm about the ex tinction of the cotton industry of this country. Every month was producing fresh supplies, though the Secretary of State for India had discouraged the efforts made for the supply of Indian cotton. Looking through the Blue Book of 500 pages, he failed to find a single intelligent suggestion with reference to the increased cultivation of cotton in India on the part of the right hon. gentleman (Sir C.Wood). Why had he not sent out instructions to Lord Canning's Government respecting the land tenure and the law of con tracts, instead of discrediting the course taken by Lord Canning when all was over ? However, in spite of the discou ragement and the lukewarmness of the Home Government, there were sufficient grounds for believing that a great deal might be done for improving the quality and increas ing the quantity of cotton grown in India. Mr. Saunders, the special commissioner appointed by the Indian Govern ment to report as to the north-western provinces, showed clearly that by superior cultivation the quality and the quantity of the cotton could be improved. It appeared by the Blue Book that the average yield of cotton in India was 631 b. to the acre, and upon that calculation it would take between six and seven acres of land to produce a bale of cot ton. If that was the case, they must give up all idea of obtaining increased supplies of cotton from India, for no cheapness of labour could compensate for the smallness of the yield per acre. India exported last year upwards of 1,000,000 bales of cotton; and at that rate between 6,000,000 and 7,000,000 acres of land must have been occupied in the production. In Egypt, America, and Algeria, 1,000,000 acres might have sufficed to produce the same quantity. However, he believed the statement as to the yield per acre in India was a fallacy on the part of the Indian officials. In America the produce varied from 1001bs. to 2,0001b5. per acre; and in Italy and Algeria 631bs. per acre would not pay for the expense of picking. According to the Secretary of State the natives of India had nothing to learn in the art of agriculture. Well, if that was so, they were very much in advance of every other people. Mechanically and chemie tally, the cotton soil of India was precisely the same as that of America ; the only difference was that the soil of America was fresher, and consequently the yield was much larger. The hon. member then referred seriatim to the several dis tricts of India which were adapted to the production of cot ton, stating that in the Doab alone there were 12,000,000 acres suited for the purpose, with a population more dense than that of China. Ile also referred to the establishment of railways throughout the whole of the cotton districts as an other strong element in the calculation, and concluded by strongly condemning the Secretary of State for the recall of Mr. Laing —an error so grave as to lower the authority of the right hen, gentleman upon all questions connected with India. Ile begged to move for a select committee, in accordance with the terms of his motion. (Hear, hear.) Mr. BAZLEY, although believing that the hon. member took too sanguine a view of the question, considered that the Government would be very much to blame if the supplies of cotton from India were not very much augmented. No doubt, at the present moment the prospects of the manufac turing districts ware most gloomy. Before the disturbances i n America, the average consumption o f cotton i n th i s c ountry was 50,000 bales per week, and of that quantity 42,000 bales, or 85 per cent. of ;the whole, came from Ame rica. Egypt and other countries supplied 8 per cent., and the East Ind ies 7 pe r cent. It was true th at !the supplies from India had of late increased —but then the stocks were exhaus t e d, and the hand spinners of India were left desti tute, and there was reason for believing that the quantity produced in that country was not greater than it four years ago. Both Earl Russell and the Foreign Affairs were entitled to the o w f a c s o t t h to r n ee or for their promptitude in addressing ents on the :subject of cotton supplies-- Foreign Governments n highestd e r Secretarye neem ihmosf mraen the productions had done anything to stimulate of India.. I t but be should like to know whether the Indian Gove was gratifying to find that there was a prospect of increased and Spain were beginning of Earl Russell. Turkey, Italy, supply of cotton in various quarters, thanks to the exertions to grow cotton. Even from Morocco there was a prospect of obtaining supplies, while China had sent some very beauti ful and exce ll ent cotton to aid in relieving the present dearth. It was absurd to exp e ct the manufacturers of Lan cashire t o grow cotton as well as to spin and weave it. If proper facilities were afforded to people in our colonial pos sessions, he believed ample supplies would be provided. The hon. gentleman contrasted the inducements which had been held out to p ersons to emigrate to America by gran t s o f land as compared with our Australian colonies. lie referred to the efforts that were being made by the French Govern ment to establish cotton cultivation in Algiers, and said he wished to see the same activity shown by our own Govern ment. Denying the statement that the Lancashire trade had not exerted itself much in this question, he referred to the y ea r effortsbeen n t heC enforcingoton Supply ye Association, which the Governm en t necessity of diminishing its depe n d ence on the States of America for the supply of cotton . Th ough cotton mightbe obtained both both in the West Indi es an d Africa, it was for 30 chiefly Australian and Indian p ossessions that we should have ou t r o lock for large supplies. H e d eprecated the unwillingn ess of the Indian Government to take up this question that if they had done so at th e per i od when the Iron ' na and . e s rab a e id for Birmingham (Mr. Bright) h a d agitated the question ofr cotton supply, 14 years since, Lancashire would have been spared the overwhelming crisis which had now supervened, Great responsibility rested on the Indian department of the Government, which did not lack information, and only re quired energetic action. In this view he believed that great good would result from placing gentlemen of agricultural knowledge upon the Indian Council. Ile believed that the difficulty of producing cotton in India arose from circum stances which would be told in a few words from a commu nication which he had received from Calcutta only a week since, the writer of which stated, "I am convinced that India could compete with America in growing cotton, but no great undertaking can be carried on without Govern ment support. The Government itself is well disposed to develop the resources of the country, but cannot control its subordinates, by whom European settlers are still regarded as interlopers." (Hear, hear.) With proper attention on the part of the Government we need not look to America at all THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JULY 4, 1863 for the future, as we had abundant means of obtaining more than we needed from our own possessions. Mr. SMOLLETT doubted if a motion like this, un accompanied by any practical suggestion, was likely to be productive of a useful result. In his opinion the best and most effectual course would be to apply to all lands in India sui able for the culture of cotton the principle which had been adopted in Bengal under what was known as the Cornwallis settlement. Mr, COBDEN said he wished to address a few words to he right hon. gentleman the Secretary for India, in the hope of inducing him to go back to the practice of former times, but which in this and another case had been departed from. Now, on the last occasion in which the question of India had been brought forward by the hon. member for Poole, the right hon. gentleman abstained from speaking until so late an hour that no discussion could take place. Again, on the China debate, the UndEr• Secretary for Fo- reign Affairs declined to speak at all, so that there was no debate, Now, the goad old practice was, that when the po licy of the Government was arraigned in a well-considered statement, in a speech moved and seconded, it was the duty of the Minister representing the department arraigned to vindicate his policy, and make a statement to the house, The business of members in that house was to criticise, and if necessary correct what they believed to be erroneous iu the policy of the Government. But if the right hon. gentle man sat in his place listening to the complaints of the hon. member for Dumbartonshire and others, hon. members would have no upportunity of making any comments upon his statement. In his opinion, that was the best practic e which prevailed up to the last few months ; besides, it was more respectful to the house, and more consistent with the despatch of business. They would have another Indian debate, because the right lion. gentleman had not spoken earlier, and there would be a debate on China next Monday, because the Under-Secretary for Foreign Affairs had not spoken on a former occasion. It would seem as if they were coming under the influence of M. von Bismark, and that they only came there to receive the orders of the Government. The honourable gentleman who spoke last had found fault with certain members for adopting a different language in that house from what they employed elsewhere. But he did not know anybody who was more open to the same imputation than the hon.mem ber himself. He remembered the hon. member had attended a meeting in Manchester at which Mr. Cheetham presided, and upon that occasion the hon. member did not spare the Secretary of State for India nor the Indian Government. Much had been talked and written about the happy state of India under the British rule, but the ryots in that coun- try suffered many hardships from the oppression of the native sub-collectors, who levied annual assessments (sel dom the same in amount two years running) in the name of the British Government, who had become the most gigantic absentee landlords in the world. Unless some encourage- ment were given it was idle to expect that people would speculate in cotton-growing in India when in the Western valley of the Mississippi some of the most fertile land in the world could be had by the asking for 3d per acre, and 160 acres for £2, merely the cost of the survey. The hon.gen tleman then quoted from a despatch of Sir C. Wood, of June 9, 1862, in which he refused to sanction the reduction of the assessment in favour of persons who intended to try the ex periment of cotton-growing. That was a piece of cold- blooded indifference to the interests of his country that, had there been an opposition in the house, would certainly have led to his impeachment. He had also issued a most absurd regulation, that where a person wanted to buy land he was to deposit the costs of survey, and after the survey the land was to be put up to auction. Fancy a man paying the Govern ment down the expenses of a survey merely for the privilege of bidding at an auction. (Hear.) The hon. gentleman also quoted Mr. Crawford, author of the " Indian Archpe lago," to show the improvements that had taken place in Ceylon, and what great changes would take place in India by the adoption of a similar system. He did not come there in forma pauperis, but he came to demand of the Government, as their duty, that they should use every endeavour to avert the consequences of the present calamitous war in America. Mr. FENDER wished to inform the house that there was great misapprehension in England as to the reported large amount of cotton now existing in India only waiting to be sent for. It was not the case. The production of cotton goods in 1860 and 1861 was great. In the latter year it amounted to 80 million sterling, of which 40 millions were for export, but it was not more than the demand of 1858 and 1859 war ranted the trade in believing would be required for our home and colonial trade, including India and China. In 1858, the exports were equal to four yards per head. In 1859, it was five yards. In 1860 and 1861, it was four yards. And in 1862, it declined to 21 yards per head, showing conclusively that the stocks on hand were not occasioned by an over supply, but from a diminished demand owing to the high price asked by the importers. He looked forward to a bene ficial change, and expressed his belief that the demand for cotton at remunerative prices would create an adequate sup ply. (Hear, hear, and cries of " Sir C. Wood.") Sir C. WOOD complained of the manner in which he had been treated by the hon. member for Rochdale, and of his being called upon to speak so early in the debate, which would prevent his answering any statements, however erro neous, that might be put forward by those hon. members who might follow him. He admitted the importance of the subject, and he repeated what he had said on many former occasions, that we must look to India for our great supply of cotton. The hon. member for Stirling was in error rela tive to the importations of cotton from Egypt. During the first three months 233,000 cwts. only were imported. Mr. CAIRD said the Board of Trade returns gave 2,209,000 cwts. Sir C. WOOD said the quantity was 233,000 cwts., and in the first five months it was only 381,000 cwts. He denied that ho had always discouraged the growth of cotton in India. His impression had been, and was still, that we must look to India for the bulk of our supply, but he had been afraid of stating too largely his expectation from that quarter. The supply could not come all at once, but must be gradual, because it was impossible to divert the cultiva tion of a large quantity of land all at once. He still believed the supply would come, because the stimulus of remunera tive prices was given to its growth in India. That was the only thing necessary to produce it, and was the principle which the Manchester school had always advocated, and which he had invariably supported. They had always urged that all trades should be left to themselves, and they would take care of themselves, and that was the principle which her Majesty's Government was now applying to India, believing it was as sound for that country as for any other part of the world. (Hear, hear.) The result of all their inquiries had been in that direction, and the ryots had said they wanted no other protection than high prices. It was said the circumstances of India were exceptional, that the landlords were despotic, and, therefore, that the Government were bound to teach the natives how to grow cotton. But it was quite a mistake to suppose the natives did not know how to grow cotton; they know how to do so perfectly well. Talk of the miserable condition of the ryotsl why the hon. mem ber opposite (Mr. Smollett), who surely might be considered to know something of India, asserted that the ryots were in no such condition. Some time ago a series of most able letters were published by a Mr. Smith, a stockbroker at Liverpool, who made the tour of the cotton districts of India, and what was his account of the state of the ryots, especially of the ryots in the Bombay presidency? He said their state was excellent, so far as the occupation of land was concerned. The Government was called upon to do something for the production of cotton in India, but not a single suggestion had proceeded either from the hon. hember who had made the motion, or from any other quarter, as to what that something ought to be. Never before had he heard a com mittee moved for without the motion being based upon some practical suggestion. He fully admitted that there was one duty incumbent upon the Government, that of improving the means of communication in India--(hear) —but ho had done his utmost to promote that object. It was ridiculous to talk of making experiments with respect to the growth of cotton in India. Cotton was a natural pro duct of India, and the cotton of America was actually de rived from India. For years cotton had been grown in India, not only for home consumption but for exportation to China and elsewhere, and nevertheless gentlemen talked as if the experiment was now being tried for the first time. Not many years back the Company tried the experiment of b ß e u t o i n f ti they del; growing American cott on i n I n di a , an d it was es t a bli s h e d y dispute r e l o look to it could India be for l ar ge Successfully supplies grow of n cotton there. they might depend upon it such expectations could only be fulfilled by th e cu l t i vation of cotton upon land subject to the ordinary r en t. li e was h w a h r o dly . n office when he was waited upon by a d e p utat i on, was to alter th e mode of lee i m n p I r n o d v i e a d, communicationand the other throughout o madeig rh o e duties reference .n to the necessity for twdutsuponrecommendations— one cotton i ughoutr once sent out to Mr. the country. As re garded the first, instructions were Wilson, and matters were placed upon u at' factory foot ing; and in respect o f th e second,he admitted then, as he admitted now, that it was the duty of the Government to P i m prove the communication s as speedily as ossible at the same time he warned the deputation that there' But at was t an ample supply of cotton close to the seaboard, and that great improvements were required in the method of pack ing and cleaning Indian cotton, which must be left to the operation of private enterprise, and which the Govern ment could nut undertake. He promised to have the communications with the interior open by the time these improvements were initiated. Hon. members ridiculed the notion that t he natives had not much to learn as re garded the cultiv ation of their land ; but there was abundant evidence that the ryots cultivated the land fairly, and in a manner adapted to the capabilities of the soil. It was nonsense to say they did not know how to cul tivate the land ; at all events they knew how to do it quite as well as the small holders in Ireland. As for the com plaint that they had dune nothing to make the people of charge s India acquainted with the demand which had sprung up in this country for cotton, why, in February, 1861, the Go vernment of India sent round commissioners to inform the people of the demand there was, and to distribute seed. The three heavy ton in India, which grounds, that he considered Off er o f prizes for the the production of cotton useless • that he did not see the neces sity of making experiments to buy up cottosnnfo thegrowth of cot ad been established 20 years ago; and gentleman said that, 60 r a ora • Part of the business of Govern mentlity in the matter,the natives. The right hon. had nsa ens was he to give every faci oflar©d to give astiistapce to agents going out to India to purchase cotton by recom mending them to the local officers in the beat localities for their operations. He had however received no applications to afford such assistance. The agents of the European spinners bad followed the American planter to his home, and by offering an increased price for improves; cotton, had vastly increased the supply. The same course of proceeding would produce tho same result in India, and if that was not done the Government, who had offered every facility, ought not to be blamed. Another suggestion which had also been alluded to was that the land tax or rent should be remitted on land which produced cotton. That, however, was a perfectly mistaken notion, and the scheme was, in the opinion of those best acquainted with the matter, ut terly impracticable. The high price of cotton in India had caused great distress in many parts of that country, by throwing the spinners and weavers out of employment. Under those circumstances what would have been thought by the natives if they had seen their Government imposing taxes on them to increase the export of an article the . . dearth of which was causing so much suffering. yet such was the course which had been recommended to the Government. There would be no difficulty in obtaining cotton in India if people would only:go there to purchase it, That was the only stimulus which was needed. Direct Government interference only did harm—the less they meddled the better. (Hear, hear.) Under the incentive of the increased demand cotton was coming forward from all parts of India at a rate of increase that was very remark able, He believed that with the prices much lower than at present they might reckon on an inceased production of 25 per cent. per annum, so that in about six years as much will be obtained iron). India as was before obtained from A merits. The people were fully alive to the advantages of cotton cultivation, and would be further stimulated by the exercise of every legitimate function of the Government. Mr. R, W. CRAWFORD supported the views which had just been expressed by the right hon. gentleman. Per sonal residence in India had convinced him that the ques tion of waste lands had very little to do with cotton culti vation in India. He did not think the Government or the Secretary of State for India open to the charges which had been made against them. They had done all they fairly could to stimulate the growth of cotton in India. They had opened up communication through the country generally, they had withdrawn the export duties, and had listened to every reasonable proposition which had been made to them on the subject. He did not know what else they could have done, and he should therefore continue his confidence in the India administration of his right hon. friend (Sir C. Wood) which he had always felt. Mr. BRIGHT repeated his conviction that the whole question lay in the tenure of land. Every witness examined before the committee of 1848 gave the same testimony on the point, and all agreed that unless the cultivator of the soil had a tenure which would give him full security it was im possible to expect that rapid and continuous improvement which under other circumstances might be countedupon. He did not complain of the construction of railroads throughout the country, but he did complain that the Secretary of State seemed to think that they wore all that was necessary for its improvement. What was wanted in India was a revo lution of ideas and practice in the Government, and he be lieved that that would bring with it a revolution in the life of the people, and greater activity on their part. He knew that that could not be done in a year, but he had pressed it in vain on the attention of Government 15 years ago, and now, when the crisis had come, every one sought to throw the blame on other shoulders. He believed that instead of one central Government at Calcutta it would be better if each presidency were ruled by an independent executive, and had attached to it a board of works to carry out public undertakings on its account, or through the instrumentality of Indian or English capitalists. The hon. gentleman then alluded (in "mild terms," as he said, compared with the language of the parties themselves) to the discourteous treatment which the Lancashire merchants and millowners had uniformly experienced when attending with deputations at the India-office. It might be simply an unfortunate pe culiarity in the manner of the right hon. baronet, but it had been felt so strongly by several large manufacturers and spinners of his own acquaintance, that they had declared nothing should again induce them again to wait upon the Secretary for India. Mr. T, G. BARING defended the right hon. baronet, and said that in one case where there had been a report of some supposed want of courtesy on the part of the Secretary for India, he had taken the trouble to make inquiries, and found the report totally without foundation. The scheme of rail. ways carried out in India was that which was recommended by a committee of that house in 1848, of which the hon. member for Birmingham was chairman, and in accordance with his draft report, and the a dministration of justice in India had greatly improved of late years. The Council of India had been most anxious to do everything in their power consistent with their duty to encourage increased exports of cotton, and he felt satisfied from the discussion that had taken place that the house would approve of what had been done by the Secretary of State for India. Mr. J. B. SMITH said the returns given for five months did not fairly represent the exports of cotton from India, as the return for the year gave a different result. The hon. member defended himself from the misrepresentation of Sir C.Wood in his recent speech at Halifax, and said the ques tion of Indian cotton did not rest on price but quality. In dian cotton had always been inferior to American cotton. Mr. H. SEYMOUR supported the motion, for he con sidered it most proper to inquire how far the Secretary of State had thrown impediments in the way of the introduc tion of British capital and enterprise into India. If the committee were appointed the result must be a complete change in the policy of the right hon. gentleman. Mr. FERRAND adverted to the wonderful change which had come upon the Manchester gentlemen, in urging the Government to grow cotton by protection in India. He ad vised them to trust to supply and demand in future, and not come down there whining for protection. (Hear, hear Mr. CAIRD withdrew the motion. THE CASE OF COLONEL CRAWLEY. Mr. BUTT asked the Attorney-General or the Secretary for War to state whether, on the return of Col. Crawley to this country, it was intended to prefer the charges against him before a court-martial, or before the Court of Queen's Bench, or some other of the common law tribunals. The hon. and learned member suggested that the charge against him amounted to one of manslau g hter, of which no court martial could take cogni sance. Col. DU NNE a ppealed to the house if it were fair thus to hunt a man to conviction before he had been put on his trial? (Hear, hear.) Military men knew that Cul. Crawley was not responsible for the confinement of Sergeat Lilley, and it was most unjust to couple his name with the word murder, (Hear, hear.) The Marquis of HARTINGTON said that the question had been fully considered by the Horee Guards and the War-office, and that, as it appeared to them that the charge against Colonel Crawley was of a military nature, the proper tribunal before which he should be tried was a court-martial. (Hear.) As . to the case o f C ap t. S ma l es , the subject had been laid before the Judge Advocate-Ge neral, but as the communications which passed between him and the 'War• office were of a private nature it was not for the public interest that they should be produced. Mr. CONINGIIAM denied that he had condemned Col. Crawley, or made any charge against him. On the con trary, he was one of the first to protest against Col. Crawley being made the scapegoat when others of high rank were daeply compromised. The hon. gentleman was then pro ceeding to refer to the case of Capt. Smales, when Mr. OSBORNE rose to order. Mr. CONINGHAM advised the hon. member to keep to the Irish Church, and to be more careful in his facts. (Laughter.) Mr. OSBORNE—Sir, I again rise to order. (Hea r , hear, and laughter.) The hon. gentleman has no right to mix up the Irish Church with Capt. Smales. Mr. CONINGHAM—I do not know whether the hon, gentleman is sober. (Laughter, cries of " Oh, oh," and " Chair.") Mr. OSBORNE—I do not know whether the hon. gen tleman is sane. (Loud cries of " Chair" and " Order.") Mr. CONINGHAM wished to say nothing unparlia mentary, but the hon. member had no right to come down to the house and interrupt independent members. He re membersd when the hon. gentleman (Mr. Osborne) was silent enough when an humble occupant of the Treasury bench—(laughter)—and he hoped the noble lord at the head of the Government would take compassion on " your petitioner"—(Order, order") --and gave him a place in some outlying skirts of the Administration, where he would be again reduced to silence. (" Oh, oh," loud cries of " Chair," and laughter.) Sir G. GREY here interposed, and hoped for the credit of the house such observations would not be continued, (Hear, hear.) He was sure the hon. gentleman would regret having made use of such language, and it was not to the credit of the house that it should have been indulged in. (Hear, hear.) After a few words from Major GA VIN, in defence of the Indian army, The subject was allowed to drop. THE CASE OF MR. FRITH. Mr. WHITE moved an address praying that the inquiry into the claims of Mr. Warren Hastings Leslie Frith against the late Governor of Oude take place in England instead of in India, on the ground that all the evidence was in this country. Sr. M. FARQUHAR seconded the motion. Mr. TOURENS supported the motion. Mr. C. WOOD regretted that he could not accede to the motion, because, as he believed, the really important evi dence was in India. The motion was then negatived. MILITIA BALLOTS SUSPENSION BILL, This bill was read a third time. THAMES EMBANKMENT (NORTH SIDE) BILL. The Lords' amendment to this bill were agreed to. LONDON COAL AND WINE DUTIES CONTINU• ANCE BILL. The Lords' amendments to this bill were agreed to. The house having gone into committee on this bill, Mr. CRUM-E WING immediately moved that the chair man report progress. The committee divided— Ayes Noes ............................... Majority —l3 The.house accordingly resumed. The Prisons (Ireland) Bill passed through committee. INDIA STOCK. On the motion of Sir C, WOOD, leave was given to in troduce a bill giving further facilities to the holders of India stock ; and the bill was subsequently read a first time. The house adjourned at five-and .twenty minutes past one. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS, TIMES.—Mr. W. S. Lindsay writes to us on the misunderstanding between Mr. Roebuck and the British Government respecting the communications alleged to have been made to that gentleman by the French Emperor. As we are not a party to this dispute about facts, and know nothing of the case but what has been stated publicly by Mr. Roebuck on the one side and Mr, Eayard - on the othkr, we need not enter into .my discu sion. Mr. Linciss% declares that what Mr. Roebuck has staled " is true, and shall be confirmed by me in Parliament, with time, place, and circumstance, when the debate is resumed." Very well; if this can be done, so much the better for Mr. Roebuck's credit ; though it wilt certainly be extraordinary that Lord Russell, and Lord Cowley, and Baron Gros, and Lord Lyons should all of them have lost their conscience or their memory, not to mention that the Moniteur should give an apparent contradiction to Mr. Roe buck by having published the despatch of M. Drouyn de Lhuys before the British Government had even answered it. We shall be interested in the expla. nation which Mr. Lindsay will give of these things when the debate is resumed, and should he vindi cate his friend and crush the Government we shall be willing to apologize for having believed the con current and positive testimony of half-a-dozen offi cial persons rather than the reminiscences of Mr. Roebuck. We must say, hossever, that in such a case as this mere reassertion is not proof. If Mr. Lindsay can do no more than rise in his place and say, " What Mr. Roebuck told you is true, 'he will not in any way justify the deliberate charges which were brought against the Government on Tuesday night. The most that such a course can effect is to raise a suspicion in the minds of people that the Emperor may have been guilty of indiscre tion as much as, or even more, than Mr. Roebuck; that his Majesty had talked loosely, have forgotten all the details of the transaction of last November, and having wrongly fancied that he had com missioned Baron Gros to make some verbal com munication, of to hint something, or in some way to sound the English Government on the subject of the American war. But even under this unlikely supposition the language of Mr. Roebuck would not be justifiable, and merely to " confirm" the fact that something had been told him by the Emperor would in no way exonerate him from having pro pagated an erroneous report. When an accusation of this kind is made with such ostentatious solem nity, the accuser is bound to have some proofs in his possession, and not to rely on a mere conversa tion, in which either speaker or listener may have been careless or inaccurate. Mr. Lindsay replies to our remarks on the injudicious practice of approach ing foreign Sovereigns with the intention of gather ing their opinions and using them afterwards in domestic discussions, by stating that when he had his first interview with the French Emperor he was accompanied by her Majesty's Ambassador at Paris. Bat in the next sentence he destroys the force of this announcement by saying that this interview " was proposed on matters referring exclusively to English and French maritime interests," and that subsequent interviews took place on the same sub ject. The fact that a shipowner, who may be pre sumed to have a special knowledge of maritime subjects, should be introduced by his Ambassador to a Sovereign who was meditating great financial changes is certainly nothing extraordinary, and such interviews can in no way be classed with the amateur diplomacy which we have blamed. But Mr. Lindsay does not think fit to state what_con . . flexion his 'interview of the 23d of June, 1863, for the purpose of learning the Emperor's opinion on the recognition of the Confederates, and using it in the House of Commons, has with his interview of January, 1861, on the shipping trade, to which he was introduced by Lord Cowley. How the inno cence and usefulness of the one can be communi cated to the other it is difficult to see. In the first he was merely communicating commercial or econo mical facts ; in the second he was strictly a " self constituted Ambassador," ready to take the conduct of affairs out of official hands, and, as it now plainly appears, eager to bring or " confirm" the gravest charges against his own Government. Mr. Lindsay says that this interview " was brought about by circumstances which in due time shall be fully made known to the country." Probably the disclosure will be of little importance, but anything will be to the credit of the two volunteer diplomatists which tends to show that they did not force themselves on a foreign Sovereign with the desire of repeating hls chance expressions to the detriment of English statesmen. The following is the letter referred to above : Sir,—Pardon me for saying it would have been as well to have reserved your comments on the statements made by Mr. Roebuck in the Houselof Commons on Tuesday night until the debate was ended. The debate is yet pending, and those comments can only prejudge. In the meantime I think it due to Mr. Roebuck to say that what he has stated is true, and shall be con firmed by me in Parliament with time, place, and circtuu stances when the debate is resumed. I have to regret that it is postponed for a time even so long as the 13th inst. You have been pleased to speak of us as self-constituted Ambassadors. I have only to reply that at my first inter view with the Emperor, in January, 1861, I was accom panied by her Majesty's Ambassador at Paris. That inter view was proposed upon matters referring exclusively to English and French maritime interests. My subsequent interviews with the Emperor, preceding the last, were upon a like mission. At some of them he in troduced the subject of the civil war in America, and spoke freely upon it. Whatever he said was fully reported by me at the time to Lord Cowley, with the Emperor's knowledge and permission. The interview I had in company with Mr. Roebuck on the 23d ult., to which he referred in the house, was brought about by circumstances which, in due time, shall be fully made known to the country. I should have had no objection to make what then passed equally known to Lord Cowley when returning to London from Fontaine bleau, through Paris, had time permitted. I arc, Sir, your obedient servant, 8, Austin Friars, City, June 3, Mr. S. LINDS.II. HERALD.—We fear that the Foreign Secretary is much too great a man to have leisure to read the newspapers; but we beg to call the attention of those who are less occupied or less exalted to the real demands of the mercantile community, which we submit must be imperatively urged upon the Foreign Secretary in Parliament before the session is over. In the first place, it is required that, a somewhat less abject deference should be shown for the decisi .us of Federal prize courts. No one wishes to disoute the high character of the Supreme Court of the United States; or to doubt that, even under the tyranny of Mr. Lincoln, and while in fear of arrest and indefinite imprisonment by martial vio lence, the judges of that court will do their duty in a manner becoming the successors of Judge Story and Chancellor Kent. Bnt what is affirmed is, that the courts constituted ad hoc by the present Admi nistration are entitled to no more than that degree of formal courtesy and official recognition which must be accorded even to the authors of their existence—that they are not respectable, that they are not impartial, and that their proceedings should be watched with extreme and jealous vigilance. What is asked is, that our Foreign Office should take steps to obtain prompt and exact information regarding the proceedings of these courts ; and should insist on the immediate reparation of the obvious illegalities and iniquities of which those proceedings afford evidence. It is not asked that their decisions should be treated with as little respect as was shown to the municipal courts of Brazil ; but only that the British Government should see that British subjects are not annoyed without due cause, and are not robbed of their property by sentences at variance with law, with facts, and with justice. It is expected, too, that the Foreign Secretary shall cease to be the apologist for the outrages of United States naval officers on British shipping, and cease to hold language which tends to release the Ame rican Government and tribunals from the whole some fear of being called to account for any acts tending to the illegal restriction of British trade and to the oppression of British subjects. Further, it is not demanded that Lord Russell shall protect any vessel which shall make an attempt to break the blockade of a blockaded port, or to enter, with arms or other contraband of war on board, any Confederate port, blockaded or otherwise, or any Federal port. All that is asked of *him is, that ho shall s t r i c tly en f orce that rule of international law laid down by all judges and jurists, controverted by no one, and expressly declared by Lord Stowell, Admiralty judge, when England was the great assertor of maritime belli gerent rights, which declares that " all trade be tween neutral ports is equally lawful," that there can be no question in such trade of contraband of war, and that the seizure of a vessel admittedly bound for a neutral port, or the examination of her cargo to ascertain its character, until it is ascertained that she is n o t b oun d f or a ne utral port, is an offence which no neutral power can suffer to pass unnoticed. It is asked th a t h e s hall distinctly state in his place in Parliament—in order to do away with miscon ceptions likely to arise from the language he has already used.-that neutral vessels have a right to carry what cargoes they will, for sale to whom th e y will, and to what port they will, so long as it be not to a port in actual possession of either bellige rent ; and that the ultimate destination of that cargo, be it what it may, is a point which concerns neither the ship that carries it nor the belligerents who may visit her. It is asked that he shaii notify to Mr. Seward, in the most courteous and conside rate terms which can be made clearly intelligible— that no further iavasions of this rule will be allowed by Great Britain. It may further be asked that he shculd take occasion to suggest to that Minister, hat during the continuance of the blockade of all Southern ports the question of contraband of war should in no case be raised, seeing that it can in no case be relevant. There are r o unblockaded Con- federate ports—or none which are admitted by the Federalists to be unblockaded. A ship carrying a cargo of books, or silks, or jewels, to a blockaded port, is liable to confiscation ; a ship carrying a cargo of cannon and rifles to Matamoros may not lawfully be intercepted by Federal cruisers. Lord Russell cannot refuse any of these demands; for •hey are All in strict accordance wi , b law. It is the duty of Parti , tunent to see that he no longer t -v-des them. Fknady. while every one admits the bell,ge rent right of visit, and of deterpion ill sut , niciou , cases, it is :.ffit med by Lord Russell himself t bat he us. of this ii4ht :or purposes of vexation— that Is, to harass or interrupt a lawful neutral trade—is an offt.nce which cannot be tolerated by neutral powers. Now, the trade between Liverpool and Nassau, and the trade between London and Mate mores, whether in arms or in medicines, in powder or in linen, is strictly lawful, in so far as the Federal Government is concerned ; and yet the Fe deral cruisers do systematically interrupt that trade, when carried on in British bottoms, to such an ex tent that vessel concerned in it are obliged to pay a heavy premium for insurance against war risk. It is demanded that by a peremptory remonstrance — peremptory in purport, however friendly in form— this hostile proceeding of the Federal squadrons should be terminated. This demand, also, is in strict accordance with the law, as laid down by all jurists, and as admitted by Lord Russell and by Mr. Seward. Such are the simple, lawful, and equitable requests which have been addressed by the mercantile community to the Foreign Secretary. And if they be not complied with, in the presence of the gross outrage committed on the Britishflag by the captain of the Rhode Island, we trust the mat ter will be taken up by others, and that Parlia ment will request of her Majesty the dismissal of a Minister more zealous for the interest of the United States than for the rights of British com merce and the honour of the British Crown. POST.—Much of the happiness of human life de pends upon the right management of apparently small matters, and the fate of kingdoms has before now been decided by the state of the gastric juice of distinguished personages. Undoubtedly the com forts of home in every station of life are greatly en hanced by wholesome food and good cookery. The ancients elevated the art of preparing food into a profession, and even at the present day among ourselves a French cook skilled in the culinary de partment commands a better income than many a junior barrister or tutor. The Great Duke is said to have greatly disconcerted a Parisian chef whom he had taken into his service by declaring his utter indifference as to what he ate. Yet, notwithstand ing the Spartan simplicity which characterised the habits of that great man, there can be no doubt that, as a French philospher once remarked, food being a necessary of human life, it may as well be made palatable as not. According to all reliable accounts, the Greeks and Romans had a greater variety of edible dishes and more elaborate modes of preparing them than we now possess. Apicius spent two millions and a half on the plea sures of the table, and then committed suicide because the remnant of his fortune would not enable him to continue his former extravagance. Roman epicures could fatten up snails with paste to such a degree that the shells of some of them would con tain many quarts. The livers of geese unnaturally distended artificial means, young hawks, asses, and portions of animals that would now never be thought of as articles of food, were in those days converted into dainties by the superior skill of the cook. Many animals and fishes like the porpoise were then highly esteemed, and altogether it may be safely affirmed that the civilised nations of anti quity had more elaborate modes of preparing their food, and a greater variety of it, than now exist. Whether this state of things arises from a change in the public taste with regard to articles fit for sustaining life, or to the decline of the culinary art, we are not prepared to state. We know, indeed, that the humbler classes in our seaport towns have strong prejudices against eating fish ; the inhabi tants of Ireland of every degree have a positive aversion to young rooks and sucking pig, while the English gipsy will enjoy a hedgehog roasted in a ball of clay j but notwithstanding these circum stances, the fact cannot be denied that the great masses of the inhabitants of the British Isles are sadly deficient in varieties of food, and in economi cal and wholesome modes of preparing it. Any plans, then, of a practical natare which may be suggested for remedying these deficiencies are surely worthy of public attention and support. The Acclimatisation Society, whose annual dinner took place the other day, proposes to domesticate in this country all birds, fishes, and vegetables which may be proved on trial to be useful additions to the already existing articles of human food; and their efforts so far have been attended with consi derable success, as their last report and increasing subscriptions abundantly testify. We have little doubt that the introduction of the Chinese sheep into this country will ultimately prove a decided success in every point of view, possessing as it does a flavour superior even to that of Welsh, High land, or Portland mutton, and being twice as prolific as any breed of sheep in this country. Most people know the enormous waste which ensues on cooking a joint of Cotswold mutton, or one from the gross Lincolnshire animal ; but if the Ong-Ti breed of Chinese sheep can be successfully reared in this country, or crossed with some of our heavier animals, a more delicate flavour will be imparted to our mutton, and twice the num ber of animals kept on the same ground then are now to be found. As to the introduction of new sorts of fish into this country, little seems to have been done. As yet only efforts are being made to secure either the ova or living specimens of the Murray cod, the mountain mullet of Jamaica, and the Incio percs, all which are highly spoken of ; but we venture to suggest that when they arrive they shall be placed in private waters, as it is just possi ble, from our imperfect knowledge of their habits and modes of life, they might if put into any of our salmon, trout, or grayling streams, seriously injure, if not ultimately destroy, some of our best native breeds. Attention also is being directed to the fur ther distribution of grayling, charr, and crayfish among our rivers and lakes in which they are not now to be found ; and it is rather a remarkable lad that there is not a grayling in any Irish river, nor, until their recent introduction to the Clyde, in any Scotch stream. There are to our certain knowledge many waters in both the sister kingdoms eminently suited to the habits of this beautiful fish. and we trust to hear soon that some of the Irish rivers have been stocked with it. As to the era 3 fish, we advise the proprietors of all trout and salmon rivers to make themselves thoroughly acquainted with its habits and modes of life, and esnecially to ascertain whether it has not a fondness for the spawn of other fish, or before they ran any risks in placing it in rivers where it may possibly do an infinite amount of mischief ; and if once put into a stream it is very difficult to get rid of it. The cultivation of the Chinese yam seems on the whole, notwithstanding conflicting accounts by those who have grown it, to have been attended with satisfactory results, and in France it is highly esteemed and extensively planted. There is little doubt that when thoroughly acclima tised it may improve both in flavour and substance ; and as the potato is still liable to disease, perhaps from the use of artificial manures or over-cultivation, this Eastern root may on trial be found to be a good substitute. Lady Dorothy Nevin has been emi nently successful in the management of the Allan thus silkworm ; and this branch of industry, it is thought, might be profitably pursued in this coun try, and prove a great boon to cottagers and others. Altogether the efforts of the Acclimatisation Society have been attended with considerable success. Their sphere of operations and their subscriptions increase every year; and as their objects are the introduction of now articles of food and fresh branches of industry, they cannot fail to secure the sympathies and support of all persons interested in the welfare of the nation. BANKRUPTCY OF DION BOLICICAULT.—A petition of adjudication of bankruptcy was yesterday pre sented ageinst Mr. Dion Boucicault, formerly an actor at the Adelphi and Drury-lane Theatres, and afterwards manager of the New Theatre Royal, Westminster, and the author of the well-knewn drama the " Colleen Bawn." Adjudication was duly made, the solicitors to the petition being Messrs. Linklater. It is stated that the bankrupt, having made a large sum of money at the Adelphi, entered upon the occupation of the Westminster Theatre (late Astley's), and there expended about £14,000 upon decora tions and improvements. A company was afterwards started for the purchase of the bankrupt's premises, and the bankrupt was to receive as much as £40,000 out of the pro ceeds. To the non-completion of that a rrangement the bankrupt attributed his failure. The bankrup t ' s liabilities are stated in round numbers at £30,000 ; the assets are re nrned at £20,000, independently of a claim for £38,000 upon the New Theatre Company. [ADVERTISEMENT.] —Holloway's Ointment and Pills should receive a fair and impartial trial from all afflicted with sores, wounds, varicose veins, numbness of the muscles, contracted sinews, and a host of other male. dies 'by which multitudes pass through a miserable exist ence to an early grave. Cases of ulcerations which had been going on from year to year getting worse and worse, have been thoroughly cured by this cooling and healing unguent whenall other applications have even failed to give ease. Holloway's pills lend great assistance in the curative process. In all chronic and constitutional maladies the ointment and pills act together most harmoniously ; both of them are admirably suited to diffumat ages, habits of life ; climate, and seasou. COUNTRY MARKETS. V LIVERPOOL-FRIDAY. At this day's market there was a small attendance, with a retail demand for wheat, and late prices receded 2d per cental. Oats are down Id per bushel, and oatmeal 6d per load. Beans improved 9d to is per qr on the week. Flour very dull, and 6d per barrel cheaper. Indian corn in good demand at 3d per qr cheaper. Barley and peas were game as before. STAMF ORD-FRIDAY. Wheat looks very promising in this district. It is now in full ear, and harvest prospects are encouraging. White wheat, 47s to s')s; red, 46s to 48s per 36 stone. Barley, malting, 36s to 40s; grinding, 29s to 32s per qr. Oats, 22s to 26- per 24 stone. Beans, old, 42s to - s per qr, ; new, 38s to —s. WAKEFIELD-FRIDAY. There was a quiet trade in wheat to-day, and to induce purchases a decline of Is per qr was generally conceded. Beans, oats, and shelling were dull of sale, and prices unaltered. Averages for the week : Wheat 923 qrs , at 47s 20 Rye — —s Oa Oats — —s Od Beans EXETER-FRIDAY. Wheat, white 6s 3d to 68 4d I Barley. 3s Gd to 4s 3d Ditto red • .6s Od to 6s 3 d Oats .........2s 9d to 3s Od Flour, fine, 358 to 36s ; seconds, 34s to —s per sack. CATTLE. Fat beef, p sc., 10s0d to 11s6d Ewes, per lb .... Rd to 6/1 Pork carcases, 7s Od to 8s Od Wethers, 7d to —d Lamb, p to —d Fat calves, d0...61d told. Rough fat, 3;d per lb. BRISTOL SUGAR-FRIDAY. The market this week has been very inactive, and the sales confined to about 200 hhds. Nevis, at 31s to 345; 250 hhds. Barbadoes, at 30s to 33s for low to mid., and 34a to 38s for fair to fine; and about 350 tons foreign at 33a to 36a 6d per cwt. Refined goods slow, at 6d decline. In rums there is a limited sale, but at full values. COAL X Frloes of Coal per Ton al a. d. .ARKET. the olose of the market. Davison's West Hart- Walls End. ley 15 3 Holywell ..15 6 Wylam 15 6 Lambert's West Hart- _ s. d. ley l5 01 Carway and Duffryn Malting , 19 6 Eden Main ...15 0 , West Hartley ..15 3 ; West Wylam.. ..15 0 North Pelton Gas 13 3 Hetton 17 3 South Hetton ...17 0 Framwellgate.. l4 9 Hartlepool 16 6 Trimdon Hartlepool 16 6 East Hartlepool 16 9 South Hartlepool 15 3 elloe South Kelloe. l5 9 Cassop l5 6 Tunstall James l4 0 _ _ Walls End. Whitworth 15 9 Heugh Hall 15 9 Haswell l7 3 Ships at market It, 69 ; sold, 46. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. TRAFFIC RECEIPTS FOR THE WEEK. Miles Opened. Receipts. Railways. 1863. 1862. 1863. 1862. £ £ Belfast and N. Counties 136 136 2,324 2,030 Belfast and County Down.... 49 49 644 642 Blyth and Tyne 2B 28 1,957 1,199 Bristol and Exeter 1214 1215 7,169 7,461 Caledonian 230 430 17,342 16,096 Cockermouth & Workington B5 85 284 311 1 Cork and Bandon 2O 20 328 160 Cork, Blackrock, & Passage 6} 6} 195 230 Cork and Youghal 324 324 340 3r5 Cornwall 5 34 53} 1,520 1,601 Deeside l7 17 328 351 Dublin & Belfast Junction 63 63 1,428 1,300 Dublin and Drogheda 75 63 1,829 1,827 Dublin and Meath - 175 - Dub. & Wicklow and Wextd 485 485 • 2,543 2,394 Dundee, Perth, & Aber. Jun 3l 31 1,118 1,024 Edinburgh and Glasew l69} 169} 8,139 7.210 Forth & Clyde Junction Furness, Sic 5O 5 I 2,959 2,667 Glasgow & South-Western Gt. Eastern ,Nrfk.,& E.Union Great Northern 330 330 28,720 29,954 Great North of Scotland 5B 58 1,768 1.816 (7i. IN orthn. & Westn. (Irel.) 7 15 1 65 694 667 9t.Southn. & Westn.(lrind.) 329 329 9,013 8 624 Great Western 992 964} 61,321 05,880 Inverness & Aberdeen June 865 731 1,255 1,081 Irish North-Western 145 145 1.702 1,1,97 Irish South-Eastern 2si 255 196 193 Lancashire & Yorkshire .. 395 3954 36,650 33.840 Limerick and Ennis. Limerick and Foynes 2 26 265 102 Llanelly 46 789 762 London & North-Western London and Blackwall a 54 2,021 1,922 London & South-Western Lond. Brighton, &S. Coast 2505 2414 21,010 24,371 London, Chatham, & Dover 726 724 5,042 5.591 Do. Metropolitan Extension 4} - 515 - Lond., Tilbury, & Southend Man.,Sheffield,&Lincolnsh Manch. S.Jun.& Altrincham 9} 95 1 , 386 1,235 Maryport and Carlisle Metropolitan 3l - 2,030 - Midland (incl. N.-Western) 641 6145 42,642 40,191 Midland Gt.Westn. of Irind 2595 1925 5,362 5,222 Monkland 7l 715 1,598 1,779 Alonmouthsh. Rail. & Canal 44 44 2,498 2,397 North British, Edin., Perth and Dundee N-Eastern and New. & Car 8944 8785 47,218 45,135 North London 9 9 3,316 3,410 North Staffordshire 254 252 8,112 8,069 Oswestry and Newton Rhymney 194 194 912 915 St. Helen's Canal & Railway 52 52 2,099 2,003 Scottish Central 56 60 3,563 3,281 Scottish North-Eastern l3B 1325 4,950 4.573 Somerset and Dorset 394 39 853 283 South Devon - . 755 755 3.547 4,340 South-Eastern Stockton and Darlington Taff Vale . Ulster Vale of C1wyd......... lO 10 201 194 Vale of Neath 2s} 25} 2,026 1.960 Waterford and Kilkenny 3l 31 412 341 Waterford and Limerick 77 77 1,235 1,204 West Cornwall 274 275 876 826 W.Hartlepool Harbr. &Rail W'haven,Cieator,&Egrinnt 7 7 656 491 Whitehaven Junction l2 12 830 666 Whitehaven & Furness Jun M 35 904 680 FOREIGN AND COLONIAL. Antwerp and Rotterdam 52 Austrian B2B 1,175 1,149 30,756 33,919 Belgian Eastern Junction 264 Bombay, Baroda, & Cen. India 1851 Buffalo and Lake Huron l6ll Detroit and Milwankie lB5 Dutch Rhenish Eastern of France East Indian _ _ _ 26i 132} 291 310 3,501 932 1,795 1,575 3,519 2,955 5,008 4,764 48,168 49,887 19,9:8 11,906 16,491 13,638 8,688 6,666 4,754 4,657 476 434 8,975 8,518 19,185 16,149 1,842 1,067 50,605 50,849 821 6,8 Grand Trunk of Canada lO9O Great Indian Peninsula 4es Great Luxembourg 134 Great Southern of India 79 Great Western of Canada 345 Madrid, Saragossa &Alicant 439 Northern of Canada ... 94 Northern of France 656 Norwegian Trunk Ottoman Paris, Lyons, & Mediterrn 1491 Paris and Orleans l3lO Pernambuco 774 Royal Danish 69 Sambre and Meuse 6B South Austrian Southern of France .. 777 Victorian 14!6 Welland.. . West Flanders W. and N.W. of France 758 1611 185 1081 1060 6331 1690 437/ 134 1354 1201 119,274 118,239 59,585 65,042 b 44 1315 777 1,472 1,245 48,260 54,2,1 22,311 25,397 8,308 5,240 15 707 395 4)02 948 40,473 90,220 Foreign Mail Packet List. M AILS DUE. ,ur.salia and Mauritius, 'via Southampton....... July 19. via Al arseilles ....... July 13 oraxi; and Cape Verds, by British packet. July 5. Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena.. June 29. i.;hina, Penang, and Singapore, via b'outharupton.July 19. _ _ via Marseilles ...July 13. Falkland Islands ____ .... Gibraltar, via Southampton ..... I ndia (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton July 2. via Marseilles July 10. udia (Bombay), via Southampton .. via Marseilles July 5. Portugal.... Kalta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton July 2. via Marseilles Newfoundland ..July C. Oporto and Vigo • U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet July 2. by U.S. packet by Canadian packet July 3. ,- W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and 1 eneritre July 10 Bahamas, via New York July 30. Mexico ....July 29. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, 1 July 14. California. and British Columbia.. Full benefit of reduced duty obtained by pur chasing Horniman's pure Tea; very choice at 3s. 4d. and 4s. " High Standard" at 4s. 4d. (formerly 4s. Bd.), is the strongest and most delicious imported. Agents in every own supply it in packets. Births. BIRD,—On the Ist inst., at 33, Albion-street, Mrs. Stanley G, Bird, of a daughter. FiTzßoY.—On the Ist inst., at Winchester-street, War wick-square, S.W., the wife of J. A. Pita - toy, Esq., of a son., - --- PENLINGTON.—On the 3d inst., at 3, Sunderland-terrace, AVestbournc-park, the wife of Thomas Peulington, Esq., of a son. Marriages. BALFOUR—KINLocn.—On the 2d inst., at St. George's, Hanover•square, Harington Balfour, eldest son of Chas. Balfour, Esq., to Isabella Anne, eldest daughter of Sir David Kinloch, Bart,, of Gilmerton, N.B. KNYVETT—WEDDERMIEN. — On the 2d. inst., at Saint Paul's, Knightsbridge, John Knyvett, Esq., to Emily Frederica, the elder daughter of J. K. Wedderburn, Esq. Deaths. ALDIS.—On the 2d inst., Dame Anne Maria Aldis, widow of the late Sir Charles Aldis, aged 76. BLOGG.—Onthe 2d inst., Mr. Charles Blogg, of Stonefield- terrace, Islington, aged's4. CLARK —On the let inst., at 'Weldon, Northamptonshire. John Clark, Esq,, surgeon, one of the few survivors of the Battle of Trafalgar, aged 78. GATEHOUSE.—On the Ist inst., at North Cheriton, near Wincanton, the Rev. T. Gatehouse, 40 years rector of that parish, aged 74 NEVILLE.—On the 2d inst., John B. Neville, Esq., of 15, Westbourne.park, and LindwaY, Derbyshire, aged 59. STEVENS.—On the 2d inst., John Stevens, Esq., many years of the Bank of England. SIMEONS.—On the 2d inst., Nary Simeons, widow of the late 1). Simeons, of IVanstead, aged 90. London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDREW'S, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SUN Office, No. 112, Strand, in the Precinct of the 'savoy, in the County of hildillesex,— Saturday, July 1, 063, TuE Incorpor Liabili his sha Deposit to excl Month sequen P. M. yr, Major Bs Frederic] Club. Frank C( T. Little J. Steven The Ei This C Cocoa-N granted The pi improve great di manuiao The s over the When it riage an surface ] If no full. Sped' seen at prospet T"' s( tions fo. Bay Col The E instalm £1 £2O With a either ( discern The I fixed al cial Sol to the 1 The ing to 1_ Ti Bay C valuer, Mr. Thl more whiel for E territ eere a pulat river const mean Oceai as fot terrii lead, the fi in Bt moul her cony, on L on it whet TheE far : judic Cc valu for open mati and over and visa wai wit visi OE ant tioi eac (Li i hol Sh