The Sun. — London, England, 1863-05-22 00:00:00

HE CIV: ;RICA, (From the Times' Correspondent,) NEW YORK, May 5, Mr. Chase, before whose mind's eye the Fresi elency in 1864 looms large and beautiful—.a vision of beatitude the realization of which will consign Mr. Lincoln, Mr. Seward, General Halleck, Mr. Stanton, General M'Clellen, and various others to private life for evermore —has been making a tri umphal tourney in New England, sowing, as it were, the seeds of the future laurels that are to be gathered in due course to twine round his Presidential brow. On Saturday last, while the first great battle of Chancellorsville was yet raging in all its fury, he made a speech to the "solid men of Boston," at the Merchants' Exchange News-room, and expressed to them hit firm belief that the war was fast approach ing its termination. Can Mr. Chase believe this ? De the men of Boston believe it ? Does anybody believe it ? Or was he really of opinion that General Hooker would annihilate the army of General Lee and march triumphantly and unimpeded into rehmond ? If so, the events of that awful Satur day on which he delivered his cheerful little speech, followed by those of the equally awful Sunday Which left the tremendous struggle undecided, must before this have caused him to set limits to the exuberance of his imagination, if they had not forced him to speculate on the results that might ensue if General Hooker were signally defeated, and Washington left open to the advance of the Confederates—contingencies which are present to many minds, eaed which in this city this afternoon were actually reported to have occurred, and found thousands of believers. But, notwithstanding the absorbing interest of this great struggle—which few are sanguine enough to believe will end in the infliction of such a defeat on the Confederates as will bring the war a whit nearer to its coeclusion—the extracts from the Louden journals, which make known for the first time the increasing irritation in England on the subject of Federal interference with legitimate British trade, are earnestly studied and commented upon. The prevalent feeling is one of suprise that as much spirit should be exhibited by the Old Coun try. Pe ople here have so long been in the habit of thinking that Great Britain would endure almost any amount of contumely and wrong at the hands of the United States, rather than have recourse to the perilous alternative of war, that the Americans, both official and non-official, have come to look upon England as the recognised butt of American ill nature, and as the only strong Power in Europe which could be bullied and injured with impunity. They would rejoice to go on provoking England for ever, provided England would only express annoy ance or resentment in words, but now that there seems to be a prospect that England will vindicate the honour of her flag, and protect her legitimate trade at any cost, even at the cost of a war with the United States in the crisis of their national peril, wonder at the unexpected pluck of the British has given place to alarm—ill -concealed under a plethora of big words and unmeaning menaces. The indis cretion of Mr. Adams in granting what was equiva lent to a free pass, a certificate of safety to a British vessel, with an American cargo, bound from neutral England to neutral Mexico,is universally condemned, and if the recall of that Minister would administer a salve to the wounded pride of John Bull, he would not only be recalled, but snubbed, in a long-winded epistle from Mr. Seward. The symptoms are that the Government and the commercial classes of the United States do not desire a war with England, net they will yield almost anything rather than incur it, and that nothing is so well calculated to keep the sentimental hostility of both within safe bounds as a steady determination on the part of the British Government to " stand no nonsense." Were it possible to re-unite the North and South, and induce them to live amicably together for the future, a war with Great Britain to cement their new affection by the bonds of a common enterprise and a common danger would be exceedingly popu lar in this country. Democrats and republicans, slave-owners and Abolitionists, the platform and the pulpit would alike accept it as a natural and a pleasant necessity; but, under existing circum stances, the luxury, as an Abolitionist paper admits, would be too expensive, as well as too inconvenien to indulge in. The Hawkins Zouaves, one of the veteran regi ments of the war, returned to New York thismorn ing from the camp at Suffolk, and matched up Broadway, its colours flying, its drums beating, fully armed and equipped, amid the deafening cheers of a multitude that crowded the side walks, and filled every window and balcony commanding a view of the procession. This is the regiment the lieutenant- colonel of which (Kimball) was ruthlessly slain by General Corcoran, under circumstances that had never been investigated—for the cowardly reason that the Irish stratum of American society might have made an unpleasant upheaval if so favourite an Irishman had been brought to trial. Had the re giment being going to battle, instead of returning from it disgusted—its time up, and filled with the inflexible determination to fight no more, either for patriotism, for glory, or for greenbacks—the warm applause of the spectators might have been more en couraging to those who still believe in the vigorous prosecution of the war. In this case gratitude was not a keen appreciation of favours to come, but a simple acknowledgment of favours past. Doubtless there were many in the crowd who, amid the occa sional pauses in the storm of cheers, found leisure to reflect that these fine hardy fellows, trained to the hardships of battle, would have been far better employed in this day of danger, in swelling the ranks of General Hooke r than in making a holiday procession up Broaiway. "Howevir, the men are riot to be blamed. They had made a bargain with the Government and had honourably fulfilled their portion of it, perilling life and health is the public service for the time agreed, but not Wishing to peril either any longer under such a General as Corcoran, or perhaps under any other. The fact remains, h ow . ever, that the Government can ill spare such men as these, and that it takes no present measures to supply their places. Gen. Burnside, a weak man, who has periodical attacks of spasmodic vigour, having failed to acquire the distinctio❑ he coveted in the legitimate field of military operations, appears to snatch notoriety by servile imitation of the high-handed imperialism of Gen. Butler and Gen. Schenck. I❑ general order N 0.38, dated at Cincinnati, where he now corn- znands, he declared it to be his intention to banish to the South all persons who would express or show sympathy with the rebellion, and in pursuance of his declared will, has forcibly removed from Cin annmi,where she had for some time resided, Mrs. rat s, the wife of Capt. Semmes, of the Confede raineZ'ohritAizlabams, together with a considerable ruined by their citizens ruined whose business will be entirely part otisporrtation. A still more" vigorous" act on his noon—no less than the forcible by telegraph this after of soldiers seizure, in his own house, by a company railway for the purpose, of 'Vale" sent 60 miles by on. C. L. Vallan digham, late member of Con,YeTrellhsi; .and candidate for the Governorship of Ohio. Is flying at high game, and in the present temper of the Western people is exceedingly dangerous. The charge agai ns Mr. Vallandigham i s hi s public disapproval t General Buraside's ord er N o. 38 before anauieneci e of 20,000 persons, and his sympathy with the South. Mr. Vallandigham has been transferred to prison in Cincinnati, preparatory, the reports allege, to being sent under military escort to the South. It remains to be seen whether the Govern- went will support General Burnside in this daring outrage. General Hascall, a subordinate of General Burnsicil, who rules in Indiana, is following in the same course, doubtless in obedience to instructions. A Mr. C. W. Morrison, of Terre Haute, who pub licly expressed his admiration for Mr. Jefferson Davis, was arrested the next day, and ordered to be transported to the South within 24 hours. Dr. Dorsey, represented as a "prominent Democrat," of Indianapolis, was not only' arrested, hut led through the streets h;:ndeuffed, for exhibiting in a manner displeasing to the general his sympathy for the South; and a certain Capt. Hicks, whose only known offence was that letters from Dr. Dorsey were found in hi s possess i on , was su bj ecte d - to the same penalty. So many arrests of "Knights of the Golden Ci rc l e " and others have been made in ILA noIN, which forms a portion of General Burnside's military district, that the whole country is in com motion. " Such is the terror," says the Tribune correspondent, "among the peop!e in remote parts of this county (Anna) that many insignificant per ! sons are in constant fear of arrest. lin .y add as a remarkable fact that during thf se passing nights women and children go into the woods to sleep. All business is suspended, for those who have not been arrested have run away. Even one member of the State Senate, Mr. J. H. Smith, has departed." Surely such vigour as this is a little too vigorous for the loyal State that has been kind enough to furnish the Union with its existing President, and somewhat too much at variance with the principles of Democratic liberty, on which the Republic is supposed to be based, to meet with the approba tion of that still considerable number of Americans who are honestly of opinion that liberty is a tre sure hard to win, and well worth the keeping. The jaded appetite of the public of this city that elishes no longer the stale oratory of the old hacks of the war party appears to find its chief enjoyment at present in the pythonic ravings of Miss Anna Dickinson, the Yankee spiritualist, who has sud denly become as popular as General Butler. Tne principle that attracts a vulgar crowd to witness any foolhardy or perilous act, such as that of a man putting his head into the lion's mouth, or Blondin cooking his dinner on the tight-rope, is the same that attracts an equally vulgar mob to listen to a clergyman inculcating hate, preaching blasphemy, or retailing comic anecdotes from the pulpit; or to a woman in the rostrum approaching to within a hair's breadth of indecency, yet not actually reach ing it. Specimens cf the " War Democrat," the " War Republican," the " - War Christian" (as if such a person were possible !) and all the other male varieties of furious spouters and declaimers who preach bloodshed and extermination having been paraded before the public until they ceased to mini ster to the crazy excitement of the day, it became necessary that the " wire pullers" of the war should discover some new attraction sufficiently violent and "spicy" to please the populace of well-dressed per sons whose principles are flattered, or whose pockets are replenished, by the protraction of hostilities. It was found in due time in the shape of Miss Dickin son, a blooming Philadelphian, who rendered her self famous in Connecticut as a stump speaker dur ing the progress of the recent elections in that State. The political Barnums saw in her a person exactly suited to their mind, and by dint of a little judicious preliminary puffery, such as all tiarnuras know how to employ, they managed to excite the curiosity of New York. And, as New York, like all great cities, loves a new sensation, even if it be a vicious one, she has proved a great success. On her second appearance, on Saturday evening last, the Cooper Institute was found to be too small to con tain the immense crowds —at 50c. each person— that applied for admission. The subject of her oration was announced to be " The Three Methods of Peace;" and, as it was tolerably well known, from her previous display a fortnight ago, that peace after the fashion of Butler was the peace to her mind, hundreds of persons who have no sympa thy with her sentiments thronged to the platform, as they would have thronged to see Blondin, if he had been announced to dance on the tightrope with a donkey on his back. In additiou to these were the ordinary crowd, who approved the preacher for the sake of her text. Her three methods of peace were—" Compromise," " Separation," and ,4 Extermination." Amid the most enthusiastic ap plause of her audience, of whom fully one half were women, she declared that Compromise and Separa tion were alike irepossible ; and that Extermina tion, being the only course left, was the bounden duty of the Government and people of the North— " extermination to the bitter end,"—meaning even to the slaughtering of her own sex and of little children, if they happened to be slaveowners or the babes of slaveowners. The sentiment, fiendish in the mouth of Gen. Butler, was ineffably horrible from the mouth of a woman ; but was, nevertheless, more vehemently applauded than if it had been the quintessence of wisdom and of wit—the summing up of all human justice and mercy. A. few of the flowers from the Dickinsonian garden of rhetoric may be worth culling for scientific study in Europe—not for their fragrance or their beauty, but simply for their value as specimens of the fecundity of growth on the volcanic soil of war and revolution, if not as marks of the moral decadence of the American people. She declared that on the mountain tops of the great North-West the curse of human bondage could not live, because those mountain tops were so near to God and Heaven —nearer, in her estimation, it is to be supposed, than the plains and prairies of the same region where, though the people will not enslave a negro, they will not suffer him to live. She de- nounced Mr. Seward as a traitor and a "sly fox;" every Northern man with Southern principles as the " meanest thing on God's earth ;" the State of New Jersey, of which the Legislature has recently passed a sensible and creditable series of resolutions in favour of p eace , as "little, mean, cont emptible New Jersey, made out of leavings, offscourings, and ... _ fragments, after the Union was formed." Mr. Buchanan, the late President, was she said " a man whose spiritual nature was well represented by his figure—one-sided and leaning to the South" (Mr. Buchanan's head leans slightly on his shoulder). She described the Copperheads as " liars and cow- ards, who had not bravery enough to fight any where;" and Gen. M'Clellan "as a thing too small for criticism, a man who was neither an cfficer nor a soldier,' and " a mean creature of the Democratic party." She also denounced Mr. Seward and Gen. Ila Heck as "men who had D& flied and thwarted every plan formed by the Administration, and who had crushed every General who had accomplished anything." None of these were her heroes. Her men were Butler, Fremont, and Sigel—men of principle, exterminators each of them, acd Butler, above all, " the only man who had the courage to hang a traitor for an insult to the fLg." Denying that the war was f endish, as a Boston Democratic journal had asserted, she indignantly exclaimed— " Fiendish does the Boston Courier call it ? Does it think that God is dead? and that He has not re• membered the sufferings of the slave ?—that he has not bottled up every tear shed in helpless• ness, mourning,and darkness throughout the South? That He has not made Abraham Lincoln His agent to work out His plans, and that in opposing him the Southern people are striking their puny fists in the face of the Almighty ?'' The New York World as serts that the public appearances of Miss Dickinson " are a melancholy symptom of the degeneracy of political inteilig,nce in America." Might it not have added that they are equally melancholy as symptoms of a widespread moral perversion and social rottenness ? If Miss Dickinson would but scrape lint, boil gruel, or bandage the wounds of a single soldier, she might earn the praise of every body who knew her humb'e but honourable name. As it is, she earns the unenviable notoriety of pub licly unsexing herselft and se in t u h n ec r a n u pulo cause of ttongue blood, ngu efo and r hiring out her violent a money payment to attack and dvdileisfrre peace withhonourable men, whose only crime is that their brothers and brave soldiers, of whose bravery and f she she has no means o f judging,. woman, ought not to of which she, as a !.e had the means. judge There is, h owever , an avengi ng Nemesis for women of thi s ki n d . Men go to listen to them for the sake , d of a n ew exc i tement, just as they won," go to the theatre, b u t , h owever much they may be amused at what th ey h ear, and however exciting the rattle of the glib tongue may be, they are never so fascinated by the charms of the fair performer as to offer mar riage. Old spinstership is their inevitable doom, and if Miss Dickinson escape it, there will be one truly brave man in America, whether he be a I Copperhead or a Republican. THE DRAWING Room. —The Court Jouriza/ contains by far the most complete and detailed acccunt of the Drawing Room of Saturday, the presents tions, debutantes, descriptions of costume: and an especial and exc naive article on that event. Independent of the fullast Court and aristocratic news, the Court Joura, always contains the most amusing and complete resume of the week's events, and a vast amount of original news and information interesting to the upper classes of society in general. The sporting article is acknowledged to be the best which appeais in any paper, being most analytical and addressed to the practical question. Price sd. ; stamped, 6d W. Thomas, 26, Brydges-street, Covent-garden, and all nowsagents. THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, MAY 22, 1861 COURT OF COMMON COUNCIL. A Court of Common Council was holden yester, day at Guildhall. The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor presided; and the greater portion of the members of the Court of Aldermen were also present, as well as a large muster of the Common Council, the business upon the minutes being of considerable importance, one of the matters to be disposed of being the elec tion of a commissioner of the City Police in the to= of the late Daniel Whittle Harvey. At the commencement of the proceedings a sug gestion was made that the petitions, which are usually disposed of at two o'clock, should be taken at once, as the time at which they are generally taken into consideration was fixed for the election, and eventually it was arranged that this course should be adopted. Several petitions from charitable institutions for pecuniary assistance were referred to the Coal, Corn, and Finance Committee; but in one cr two in stances, where the circumstances appeared to jus tify such a course, the applications were rejected. Deputy HARRISON took occasion to observe in the course of the discussion that he had carefully looked into the accounts of the City, and he could not help saying that the Corporation were under enormous liabilities, and that if they had to make the new street from Blackfriambridge to the Man sion house, according to the present proposition, they would have to find nearly £600,000; and it was a question very seriously to b considered how far the Corporation was in a condition to make grants lavishly for charitable purposes. (Hear,) THE PROPOSED DEAD MARKET IN SMITHFIELD. Mr. SCAMMELL presented a petition trom the in habitants of Smithfield and its vicinity, praying the Court to tike steps to hasten the erection of the proposed meat market at Smithfield ; that the de signs and estimates for the market may be open to public competition, and that no plan for such mar ket may be received which proposes to erect a dead wall around it, the petitioners stating that they had heard with dismay that the last-mentioned proposi tion had been entertained by the Court. The hon. member, in moving that the petition be referred to the Markets Improvement Committee, expressed his opinion that the petitioners had really sustained very great loss, first by the removal of the old mar ket, and then by the great delay that had taken place in making the new one, and that they had good grounds for coming to this Court by petition to see whether they could not obtain some remedy. (Hear.) The old market had now been removed eight or nine years, and although the act of Parlia ment for the formation of a new one had become law for three years, still nothing was 'apparently being done to carry it into Effect. He was free to admit that the blame did not altogether rest either with that Court or with the Corporation, and that a great deal of unnecessary delay had been occa sioned by Parliament in tampering with details they had nothing to do with, but still he considered the petitioners, who were such grievous sufferers by the present state of things, had a right to know why something was not done. (Hear.) Deputy OBBARD seconded the motion, and said he was not surprised that after these gentlemen had waited so long their patience should have become exhausted. Mr. BANISTER said that, on behalf of the trade to which he had the honour to belong, he had great pleasure in supporting the motion of Mr. Scammell. He considered it would be most objectionable for the market to be enclosed by a dead wall, and he hoped that the plans for the proposed market would be thrown open to public competition. (Hear.) Mr. H. L. TAYLOR, the Chairman of the Mar kets Committee, said that he fearlessly asserted there was not the slightest ground for the sug gestion that there had been any delay on the part of the committee in carrying out the formation of the new dead meat market upon the old site of Smithfield. (Hear, hear.) He should therefore oppose the motion, on the ground that if it was carried it would cast a reflection upon the commit tee, and would be tantamount to a suggestion that they had not done their duty. With regard to the statement of the petitioners that they regarded with dismay the proposition that the market should be enclosed by a dead wall, he could only say that in no plan that had ever been brought forward was a dead wall included, and the committee never enter tained the slightest idea of carrying out such a pro. position. (Hear, hear.) With regard to the charge of delay, it was unnecessary for him to say that it was the duty of the committee, acting on behalf of the Corporation, to take care and see their way very clearly before they came to any decision which might involve the outlay of money to the extent of hundreds of thousands of pounds; and they would remember that in the Act of Parliament authorising the formation of the new market the Corporation was saddled with the formation of a new street before they could commence their operations in re ference to the market itself; and it was very impor tant that they should look for some other source than the City's cash for making the street in ques tion. (Hear, hear.) He might mention at the same time,that the committee had encountered very considerable difficulty on account of the prepostcr ous &aims that had been sent to them for property, by persons many of whom had possibly signed this petition, and who, by the difficulties they had thrown in the way of the committee by this pro ceeding, were themselves partly the cause of the delay of which they complained. The hon member instanced one case where a claim was made for £17,626, and the parties refused to submit the matter to arbitration, and would not a gree to any terms; but when the case went before a jury the snm awarded was only £9,200. (Hear.) There had been a great many similar cases which the commit tee felt themselves bound to have investigated, and had no hesitation in saying that the petitioners had no real ground of complaint, and that a great deal of the delay of which they complained had been caused by themselves. He would at the same time in form the Court that every claim for compensation had been disposed of, and there was not one in ar- rear. Under these circumstances, he considered it would be a most unnecessary proceeding to refer the petition to the committee, who could no more than they had done, and he should therefore move that it do lie on the table. Mr. LAWLEY said he did not believe the commit tee had in any way neglected their duty, but at the same time he thought that if a body of gentlemen considered themselves aggrieved they had a perfect right to come to that Court to endeavour to obtain redress, and he saw no harm in this petition going to the committee. (Hear, hear.) Mr. DE JErtsEY expressed his opinion that the petition was founded upcn allegations that were positively not true, and he thought the Court ought to stand upon its own rights and privileges, and not receive such a peti ion. It was a most incorrect as sertion that the committee had done nothing ; and he would state that claims for propertyto the amount of £165,000 had been sent in to the committee, and they had settled those claims for more than £50,000 less than the sums claimed ; and he stated publicly that the committee had acted most energetically in reference to the important questions that had been intrusted to them, and anybody who stated to the contrary stated that which was not true. With re gard to the petition itself, he would observe that one of the parties who signed it,and who represented that he was sustaining pecuniaryloss iu consequence of the present state of things, was a lawyer in Char ter-house square. (Laughter.) Mr. RUDKIN wished to be informed by the chair man of the Markets Improvement Committee whe- her the Metropolitan Extension Railway Company had applied to the committee for certain land to be delivered up to them. Mr. H. L. TAYLOR said that such an application had been made, but not recently. Mr. RUDKI N th en p ro c e eded to say that he did not wish t o cas t any bl ame upon the committee. He kne w the difficulties they had to contend with, and he believed they had done all in their power to further the formation of a market that would be creditable to the Corporation and advantageous to the public. (Hear, hear.) It appeared to him, however, that th e petitioners were entitled to have the informati on t h ey required, and that it would cast no reflection upon the committee to submit the petition to them, and he had no doubt that the report they would make would be satisfactory to the petitioners and to the public. After some further discussion, the motion of Mr. Scammell was agreed to. COUNTY RATE FOR THE SUPPORT OF PAUPER LUNATICS, Mr. SYMONDS presented a petition from the churchwardens, overseers, and guardians of the poor of the parishes of the City of London Union praying the Court not to sanction the making a county rate for the above purpose, but to provide for the maintenance of pauper lunatics chargeable to the City from the City's cash. Referred to the Special Lunatic Asylum Com mittee. Alderman GIBBINS presented a petition from the committee of the British Orphan Asylum, praying the Court to permit them to have the use of the Guiidhall, with its decorations, after the entertain ment to be given to his Royal Highness the Prince of W ales, for the purpose of holding a beza4r in aid of the funds of the asylum. Mr. IL L. TAYLOR opposed granting the prayer of the petition, on the ground that if the privilege \vere granted to one charitable institution he did not see how the Court could refuse it to another, and there would be no end to such applications. The prayer of the petition was supported by Alderman Dakin, Deputy Lott, and Mr. Anderton, and it was ultimately agreed to, with the addition that the petition should be referred to the City Lands Committee for them to make the necessary arrangements to carry out the wishes of the peti tioners. Mr. Deputy and Under-Sheriff FARRER reminded the Court that in all probability in the course of a few days an election for the City would occur, which must take place in the Guildhall, and that it was necessary that care should be taken that this im portant proceedir g was not interfered with by the proposed bazaar. Mr. TRUSCOTT, chairman, of the City Lands Corn mittee, said that they would certainy not lose sight of the important suggestion made by the Under. Sher:ff. ELECTION OF COMMISSIONEIt or POLICE FOR THE CITY, The Court next proceeded to the election of Com missioner of the City Police. The candidates for the appointment were Capt. Wm. Congreve, Capt. Wm, Frederick Portlock Dodson, Col. Wright Westcott Davidson, Capt. Charles Cramond Dick, Lieut. Chas, Conrad Robert Bidwell-Edwards, Major Edward Hamilton Finney, Col. James Fraser, Capt. Charles George Hodgson, Col. Wm, Adam Orr, C. 8., Capt, Henry &grave, Major Frederick Rice Stack, and Col. William Henry Charles Wellesley. By resolution of the Court the numbers were re duced by poll to four, viz., Capt. Congreve, Colonel Fraser, Major Stack, and Col. Wellesley. The num bers were then in the same manner reduced to two —Col. Fraser and Capt. Congreve. Lie number for the former was 140, and for the latter 43. Capt. CONGREVE said, seeing the difference in the numbers, it was perfectly useless for him to contend any longer, and he would save the Court the trouble of voting again. He was much obliged for the sup port be had met with, and he retired without regret and without shame. His LORDSHIP then announced Col. James Fraser to have been duly elected as Chief Commissioner of the City police force. Col, FRASER, in returning thanks to the Court, said he was highly sensible of the honour which he had attained on being elected to fill the appoint ment of Commissioner of Police for the City. He was well aware how important were the duties and grave the responsibilities, and he begged the Court to believe in his assurance that his best endea vours would be used to prove that he was not un worthy of the mark of high confidence which had been placed in him by that great and ancient Coun cil over which his lordship presided. The Remembrancer was ordered to communicate the result of the ele3tion to the Secretary of State, and the Court adjourned. .. It should be stated that previous to the election a letter was read to the Court from Captain Hodg son, the Acting Commissioner, stating that he had withdrawn. thing less than life to them. It wee natural enough that the inhabitants of other countries should borrow this story from Egypt as they borrowed many more, and when a question has really been raised and has not inquiry assumes answered f or th ousan d s o f y ears , th e assumes a character of importance. A problem pro pounded in the earliest ages of man may reasonably be deemed a great problem in the present genera tion, and we are entitled to take a pride in the achievement of our countrymen which has solved a question so very long insoluble. But we do not see that anything turns upon it. We know, it seems, by actual survey that the Source of the Nile cannot be south of a certain line. We have also reason to suppose that a certain great lake, 300 miles long and 4,000 feet above the level of the sea, is the true reservoir of this mysterious river. But when these facts are accepted, they do not, as far as we can discern, conduct us to any further conclusions, or affect in any practical way the knowledge which we possessed before. There is not even the question of a new route involved, as there was in the North-West Passage. The Nile is proved to rise where most people thought it rose, and the establishment of the fact will terminate con jectures on the subject ; but the true story is very like that of Herodotus after all. The Source of the Nile is so far up the country, and the country is so impracticable, that it is barely possible fora travel ler to get at it. There is, however, a prospect opened of another kind. Dr, I3eke assures us that the whole eastern side of the basin of the Nile is auriferous, and he considers that gold, which has peopled Cali fornia and Australia, will some day attract a modern population to the " Mountains of the Moon." Then the sources of the Nile will be mysterious no longer. " Diggings" will open up this land of fable, and a country which no Egyptian ever reached, and which Englishmen have been the first to reveal, will be the cominc,n prcperty of every adventuter, At any rate, we are gradually penetrating into the secrets of African geography, if there is anything to be found, we shall find it. It concerns us to leave no accessible country unexplored, for the simple reason that until it is explored we cannot tell what it may do for us. Discovery terminates speculation, even when it does nothing else, and spares us the loss of time on con jecture and interference. If the intelligence trans mitted by telegraph should prove to he as decisive as is presumed, we shall have accomplished a feat which was too arduous for Egyptian Kings in the plenitude of their power. Of such an exploit we may well be proud, and it will be a source of satis faction as well ae credit to us that we have remove . " from the region of obscurity and doubt a question which had been fixed in that position for more ages than we can count. HERALD.--Enlightened foreigners have looked upon Greenwich Hospital as the most magnificent of the charitable institutions of our country. The best specimen of British architecture, the social uses are as noble as the artistic proportions are perfect, and there can be no higher compliment paid to the Genius of British Government than that which re presents her consecrating the finest and most pala tial structure of the country to the shelter and com fort of the superannuated veterans who have risked limb and life to secure her the empire of the seas. But beneath this magnificence of form and admira ble beauty of surface there has been accumulating, thinly filmed over, a corruption which, making fetid the moral atmosphere of the place, compromise each of its uses, and is not without danger to other na tional institutions at least as important. The Great Charity Las come at length to be little better than a disguised pension list, and if a Whig Administra tion is to continue to it much longer the blessings of its superintendence the result cannot be far off which will give us Greenwich Hospital, will all its magni ficent endowments, existing for almost every ser vice but that of the poor men who won the title to them by fighting the battles of their country. We do not pretend to know what is precisely the wealth of the instituton, Parliamentary returns attribute to it an income of £148,000 per annum ; and when we count up all that must come out of the£2,ooo,ooo sterling which the nation has capitalised in its favour, " the seamen's sixpences," and the advantages ac cruing from confiscated estates and unclaimed shares of prize money, we are left in no doubt that the in come has, at all events, not been over-estimated. Yet, with this establishment placed on an excellent footing as to appointments for bed and board and residence, with rent free, and no taxes, how many of the hardy but aged mariners of England may we suppose supported out of such an income ? Not to be too h as ty i n our guess we w ill see w h a t a like establishment in France—the Hotel des Invalides —is able to effect with a less income. According to a return for 1848 it seems that the income of the' Hotel" was £112,312; that there were two establishments under support, one at Avignon, the other at Paris; and that in addition to the large staff of administrative servants—clerks, choristers, Sisters of Charity, and out-door labourers—which the rigid system of French routine requires, the in stitution manages out of this sum to support no less than 3,500 pensioners. In every sense the authority of the example is complete. Paris is now, and for a l ng time has been, at least as dear for provisions as England. The military instincts of the French people again are at least es paramount as the pre ference of the naval service among ourselves; and as a matter of feeling, no less than of the highest state necessity, the veterans admitted by the length or extraordinary worth of their services to the pry taneunz of the state are supported in a comfort and respectability altogether exceptional in the system of French public institutions. Yet with all these disadvantages in the reckoning, matters are so much better managed in France than among ourselves that the Hotel des Invalides, with an income of nearly £40,000 a year less, supports 1,824 veterans, and 200 or more supernumeraries more than does our Greenwich Hospital. Against this enormous difference in th e amoun t o f f un d s a nd their applica tion, there is actually nothing to be ut ged as a set off but the G reenw i c h N ava l S c hool andits seven in to any eight hundred boys. It is useless entering any rhetorical amplification after a parallel imply. ing so startling a deduction against ourselves. The conclusion is clear, that there must be some fright ful shortcoming on one side or misapplication o funds on another, to admit of so startling a contrast in the action of the two Governments. Unfortu- nately, too, the conviction established by the authority of the French institution against Greenwich Hospital is nearly paralleled by the authority of Greenwich Hospital against itself. Sixty years ago this noblest of our national insti- tutions, as we still call it, managed to support a third more pensioners with half the income. It cannot be pleaded either that food is dearer—for the pensioner, who cost us in 1805 £27 10s. a year, was found to cost in 1859 but £26 IN.—or that there is not a sufficient supply of candidates entitled to the benefits of the institution. Though we are supparting but sixteen hundred of our sailors out of this enormous income, the numbers for which there is accommodation are no less than two thou sand six hundred and forty-two men. We have created eleven or twelve hundred vacancies during the series of years in which a doubling of income permitted us to support in comfort between five and six thonsand of the men who of all others have the first claim on the country's care. It will be urged that if not sheltered by the institution appropriated to them by the national gratitude, these men have found their account in it in some other form of pa triotic protection. Exactly; they are in our work houses. Singularly enough there was published in 18(30 the number of seamen formerly in the Royal navy who were actually in the receipt of in-door or out-door relief in the parishes of England and Wales ; and we find they were between two and three thousand, or actually a thousand or more above the twelve hundred vacancies existing in Greenwich Hospital. The immense surplus which, under this system, ought to have arisen, and which, accumulated, ought, by this time, almost to count by the million, might, if existing, offer to a commer cial people like ourselves some respeetable compen sation for the injury. Bat there is little or no sur plus. Every sixpence, or nearly so, has been spent just as much as if with the doubling of the income we had increased the size of the building and doubled the number of the inmates. The thou sands of old seamen who have worn out their old days in penury end pauperism, cursing the service that tempted them to so many perils and toils for so ungrateful a return, have missed the provision which the country duly paid for them, but it was all spent not the less for that. It asked some ingenuity no doubt to invent such an anomaly, and we might fancy there could have been no expectation that inquiry could ever reach the subject; but there are few things that the Whig Administrations which have come into power on the plea of reform and retrenchment have not been able to do in that long career of official jobbery which has been the practical commentary on their professions. The provision has gone from the men to their officers ; and a governing staff has been kept up for this eleemosynary establishment at an expen diture that might almost officer a navy. As though an awkward claim on the Admiralty, or a friendly relationsnip with one of its Lords, could be dealt with by the decent provision of a sinecure situation at the expense of the Greenwich pensioned, the in stitution has been systematically kept over-officered and under-manned. While the workh%uses of Eng land hold enough and to spare of veteran mariners to fill twice over the vacancies of an institution founded for the relief and support of Royal seamen incapable of further service, we have been spending the money we have saved from them in making millionaires of the respectable officers who have kindly undertak en the almost honorary duties of assisting a few of their more fortunate brethren to receive the benefits of the charity. PoSL—It is an unfortunate circumstance for the credit of the French army in Mexico that they should be engaged upan a campaign the difficulties of which have been already overcome by a much smaller American force a few years ago, and that the enemy, which has up to this point resisted their picked troops so successfully, should be the same which was obliged to give way before the impetu osity of Yankee volunteers. It is not often that we have the opportunity of thus reducing the opera tions of our allies in the field to their exact value. Generally we are compelled to accept their achieve ments at their own estimate, and if we are now grateful to tl e Americans for having given us an other standard by which to measure them, it is not from any desire to depreciate the courage or military qualities of the French army, but because we are perpetually expected to accept without reserve their highly-coloured official reports. In the course of the wars undertaken both in the Crimea and in China in conjunction with our allies it has always been the fate of the British army to suffer by the invidious contrast which could be drawn to its disadvantage from the ac counts furnished by our press and Government. Our failures were genei ally exaggerated; our suc cess never. Had a British force engaged in a Mexi can campaign achieved no greater results than have fallen to the lot of the French, the whole of Europe would have been called upon to witness the ineffici ency of our troops. The experience which we have already had of the fighting qualities of our allies, whenever unusual difficulties attend military opera tions, does not, however, lead us to suppose that we should have employed so large an army to so little purpose. There is no more marked feature in their mode of warfare than the pedantic caution by which their distant enterprises have always been charac terised. Tne very perfection of an organization adapted only for European wars on a grand scale becomes an embarrassment to them, while they are trammelled by rules of civilised warfare to an ex tent which paralyses their energies in barbarous countries. A petty war is an abomination to a Frenchman—who fights,not for the love of the thing, but for promotion or glory. He can gain neither ow of guerilla tactics with a semi civilised enemy ; and the more he is engaged the more demoralised does he become, The army in Cochin China, for instance, which was generally maintained at an eff-ctive strength of about 5,000 men, failed to take the capital—Hue—a city only twelve miles from the sea coast; and the Emperor was glad to conclude a peace putting him in possessio❑ of a seaport which was never well defended, and of the small, valueless dis , rict which surrounded it. In China General Montauban protested against a march to Pekin with only 10,000 men as contrary to all the recog ❑ised principles of war, and in Mexico General Forey is applying the rules of St. Cyr with an effect fatal to the reputation of the troops he commands. A comparison of the achievements of his army with that of General Scott will enable us easily to appreciate the merits of their relative performances. General Scott landed in Mexico with 12,000 men, and in two months and three days he entered Puebla as a conqueror with only 4 500 men, having taken the castle of Sin Juan d'Ulloa, fought the bloody action of Cerro Gordo, and taken the castle and town of Perote. During the whole of these operations he never received reinforcements. The French army has now been nearly 17 months in Mexico, during which time it h as b een con stantly reinforced, ano for some months past has numbered at least 30,000 im portant operation It has s i gna lly f a il e d in the only operation it has as yet undertaken, having upon the first occasion been compelled to retire from Puebla, under General Lorencez, with the ioss of more than 1,000 men. This estimate, however, is not according to the official returns, which are rarely accurate. It has again invested that city, and after a siege of 24 days, the positions of Loretto and Guadaloupe, which command the town, were yet un taken, though the French loss had already exceeded 800 meta. The apparent facility with which the American General achieved his results induced the belief that the enemy opposed to him was contemptible, and doubtless led the French to suppose that the Mexicans would be found inferior in courage to a European enemy. A comparison of the per-tentage of loss suffered by the American army in Mexico with that of the French and Sardi n i an ar mies in the Italian campaign will serve to correct this impression. Out of 244,000 men engaged in this latter war, the allie.i armies lost 24,450 men, or about 8 per cent. The Aus trians, out of 305,000 men, lost 38,650, or about 103- per cent. In Mexico, out of 28,347 men actually engaged, the American loss was 3,861, or about 15 per cent., nearly double that of the allies in Italy. The Mexican loss was probably over 15 per cent. ; but we have no data upon this point. The recent accounts from Puebla fully corrobo rate the fact of M ex i can bravery. When we compare the composition of the French army, its corps detite, and its highly disciplined and well tried Zouaves, with the raw levies commanded by Scott; when, moreover, we remember the improve. ments which the material of war has undergone during the last 18 years, and the advantage of which is all on the side of the French, the oppo site results of these two campaigns are still more remarkable. This retrospect of the past will enable us to form some idea of the task the French still have before them. In spite of the superior tactics and impetuous courage of the American army, it cost the United States 7 3,260 men to conquer a peace from Mexico, and then they were only too happy to abandon a country which they would certainly have annexed had it been possible. The calculation resolves itself into a rule-of-three sum. It 12,000 Americans can take a town in two months, which 30,000 French cannot do in 17, and it needed 73,000 Americans to extort a peace, how many French will it require to do the same ? There can be little doubt that the successful resistance which has been offered by the garrison of Puebla will in duce the Mexicans, even though that city should fall speedily, to defend Mexico with a like determina tion, and the French will, in order to reach the capital, be compelled to overcome the obstacles which 90 miles of mo unta i n road interposes, and to protect a line of com mun i cat i on 300 miles long against an enemy experienced in guerilla warfare, and animated by the strongest sentiment which can operate upon a people, that of expelling from their soil an army of foreign invaders. The clerical party, on whose influence and sympathy the hopes of the French were founded, have proved a broken reed, and success in military operations will by no means secure the realisation of that programme which has been announced as the object of F re nch interven tionin the internal affairs of Mexico. The Attempted Murder and Suicide at Woolwich. Yesterday afternoon a young woman, named Frances Eliza Paxton, aged 18. was placed at the bar before Mr. Maude, at the Woolwich Police-court, on a remanded charge of administering poison with intent to murder Mrs. Eliza Roberts, of King-street, Woolwich, in whose family the prisoner resided as servant. It will be remembered that the prisoner gave herself into custody on the charge, and stated that she had been incited to commit the act by her master, who had seducod her, and who committed suicide on Thursday, the 14th inst,, shortly after the accusation was made against him. The case excited the utmost interest, the court being densely crowded, and many hundreds of persons were un able to obtain admission. Mr, Farnfield, solicitor, appeared for the prosecution, the prison?' being undefended; and the following witnesses were now examined : Inspector James Linvell, of the R division, recapitulated his evidence as to apprehending the prisoner, on her own confession of having attempted to poison her mistre s on the night of Sunday, the 10th inst., by mixing a quantity of vitrol with her beer. The prisoner stated to witness that the bottle containing the vitriol was handed to her by her master, who saw her mix the poison with the beer, and said, " There, that will settle her." The prisoner gave her self into custody on Thursday morning, the 14th inst., and witness then proceeded to the residence of Mr. Roberts, who, on being informed of the charge made against him, promised to attend the police -court on the same afternoon, but committed suicide before the opening of the court. Mrs. Eliza Roberts, widow of the deceased, stated that on the evening of Saturday, the 10th inst., she went to chapel, and returned home about eight o'clock. She after wards went out and returned home at 11, her husband being in the parlour waiting for her. She saw about half a pint of beer in a mug, but did not drink it, as she had partaken of supper at her broth er ' s house. She noticed that the beer had a curious smell, and 1-ft it until the following day, when she took it to Mr. Bayne, a beerhouse keeper, from whom it was purchased, and who at once said he believed it had been mixed with poison. Witness and Mr. Bayne then accused the prisoner of having poisoned the beer, which she at first strongly denied, but subsequently admitted she had done so. The prisoner then said "If Mr. Roberts leaves the room, I will tell you all about it ;" and at the request of witness her husband left, when the prisoner said she was induced to commit the act by Clifford (a young man who had recently been discharged by the deceased). Witness then told the prisoner at once to leave the house, and she did so, but returned on the following day with her father, when the latter informed Mr. Roberts that his daughter accused him of inciting her to poison her mistress. The prisoner then made the same statement, when the deceased said, " If the Almighty was to strike me dead this moment, I know no more about it than a child unborn." Mr. Bayne, landlord of the Railway Tavern, King-street, corroborated the evidence of the last witness. Mr. Blagg, assistant to Mr. Itastrick, chemist, of Church street, Woolwich, proved that during the past six months he had frequently supplied the prisoner with pennyworths of vitriol, which she stated she required for cleaning a cop. per. The liquid he supplied was half oil of vitriol and half water, but in that state it was a powerful corrosive poison. On the morning of Tuesday, the 12th instant, ho tested a mixture of beer and vitriol, which was brought to him by Mrs. Roberts, and found it to contain rather more than a table spoonful of vitriol to half a pint of beer. Tbis would be a sufficient quantity to cause death. Other evidence of an unimportant nature was adduced, and in reply to the magistrate the prisoner declined to ques • tion any of the witnesses. Mr. Maude, addressing the prisoner, said she was now at liberty to make any statement, but as she was undefended, he suggested that she should confer with her father before she replied, and he would at once say that nothing would alter his decision to send the prisoner for trial on a charge of feloniously administering poison with intent to cause the death of Mrs. Robort,. The prisoner, atter some conversation with her father, stated that she would reserve her defence until her trial. The depositions were then formally made out, and the prisoner was fully committed for trial at the Old Bailey Sessions. POLICE INTELLIGENCE---May 21. MARYLEBONE.—" FORSTER No. 2" AND FORS' TER No. 3."—Raymond Forster, a commercial traveller, residing at 2, Church-terrace, Kentish-town, appeared to answer a charge of assault upon Mr. Edwin James Forster, clerk in an Indian bank, and residing in the same terrace, next door to the defendant. In reply to Mr. Yardley, Forster No. 3 said they were not in any way related to each other. Mr. Vann appeared for the defence. Forster No. 3 said—On the 12th inst. defendant came t 0 my house and I said he had spoken disrespectfully of my wife. He then sprung at me, shook me, tore my waiscoat and the button from my shirt. Cross-examined—l was at home the day before the 12th, and did not attack Forster No. 2's wife with bad language' I only asked her to be quiet and desist from making a noise. Did not calla lot of boys to hoot her. Mr. Yardley—l think it is very indiscreet for parties is the position of the complainant and defendant to have this case brought into a public court. No doubt the parties are highly respectable and might get some friends to settle this affair. Elizabeth Price said I am servant to Mr. Forster, No. 2 (Laughter.) Forster, No. 3, said " your eyes, you bitch," to Forster, No. 2's wife—(laughter)—." and what do you mean by making such a noise." Forster. No. 3, bad his head over our railings. He said "we were all —," and Mrs. Forster, No. 3, said Mrs. Forster No. 2, I mean n 1 missus, " was a low disgusting woman," which she isn't• (Loud laughter.) Mr. Forster, No. 3, brought a lot of boys and said "hoot them" meanir g me and Mrs. F-reterf No. 2, and this they did and threw mould at us, and we bad to run in. My master, Forster, No. 2, cam. into town the following day, and went to Forster, No. 3—(laughter)—and asked him what he meant by calling Mrs. Forster, No. 2, bad names ? Mrs. Forster, No. 3, said "so she is a bad woman." Then Forster, No. 3, said " she was," and was ter shook her. In reply to Mr. Yardley, witness said—l have been with Forster No. 2 for two years. (Laughter.) Forster No. 3 was there before I went, Mrs. Forster No, 3 came an d knocked at our door and asked us not to make so WO noise, and we shut the door in her face. We were dancing in the passage. Mrs. Forster No. 2 and her friend wer e dancing, and I was looking on. (Laughter.) We wer e not singing and shouting. Ido not know the cause of th e dispute. Forster No. 3—They were singing and shouting. TheY called me blind Susan—(loud laughter)—(witness war e spectacles), and my wife they call Betty. (Renewe d laughter.) Mr. Yardley (to Price)—Now, have you ever heard your mistress call the complainant Blind Susan. Price—l have seen my mistress put pieces of blue paper on her eyes, and say now lam Blind Susan." (Laughter.) Mr. Yardley—This is one of the most childish cases tha t I have ever heard. I shall order defendant to pal 28 ' without costs ; and I hope for the future you will allow your wives to settle their own quarrels. COUNTRY MARKETS. I , MANCHESTER—MAY 21. A moderate attendance to-day, with a quiet demand for most articles. Buyers operated merely for the supply - their present needs, while on the part of holders th e re via ti a decided firmness. BIRMINGHAM—MAY 21. There was a tolerable show of wheat. Demand Moderate. —English wheat was sold at 48s to 56s for white, ancl 44 l to 52s per 36 stone for red, Barley, new malting, 306 ",-, 40s per qr ; grinding, 248 to 288 Oats, old, 24s to 3" per 30 stone"; Irish, 22s to 255. Beans ; 388 to 44s . per q t. Peas, 36s to 428 per 36 stone. EDINBURGII GRAIN—MAY 20. A fair supply of farmers' wheat to-day, which broug ht about the prices of last week. Wheat on the top Os 3d up average Os 8d dow n ' Barley on the top Os 3d down ...average is 9d do wn. Oats on the top Os 3d up. average Os 6d dow n ' Beans on the top Os 6d up ..... ......average Is ld up Total Supply and Sales. Wheat ... 832 qrs S o ld 652 qrs 8ar1ey........ 397 qrs Sold 222 qrs Oats Beans ll4 qrs.. Sold 59 qrs Flour sells as follows :—Whites, 43s Od ; extras, 41s Od; superfine, 39s Od ; fine, 37s Od. CORK—MAY 20. VA The following were the quotations this morning 6g wheat, —s Od to Os 01; white, 10s 9d to —sOd , borleVl to Od to Os Od ; oats, 7s Od to 8s 2d. ; black do., 7s 6cl Os Od. DERBY SMITHFIELD_ MAY 19. A short supply of fat beasts to-day ; but late prices o' er : realised The number o f s h ee p i n the pens was larg . o Fat pigs were mo re pl en tif u l. F a t an d s t ore ca l v es we also plentiful, with a brisk demand. we have had this year, and the quality generally was go °6l. Id Beet Giotto 7d I Veal 6lcl to Mutton .... 61d to 7id Pork Lamb 9d to 10d Rough fat, 3s 9d per store. Hides, 3d to 41d; calf skins, 5d to 6d. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS, TniES : —Nearly two thousand years ago a Roman poet availed himself of a geographical fact to give effect to a mythological story. He was desaibing the confusion produced in the universe when the horses ran away with the chariot of the Sun, and he stated, as an incident of the panic, that the river have been read Nile fled i n di smay to t h e extremities of the earth, by and there hid its head, "whi c h , " h e a dd s, " rem + i ns hidden to this day." thousands T h o se who,verses probably,o Ov i d never gave much thought to the veritable in formation which they recorded. Yet we learn from these few words that in the days of Augustus not only was the Source of the Nile unknown, which was not at all extraordinary, but that the fact of its being unknown was regarded as a wonder, which is very extraordinary indeed. Why, if we come to think about the m a t ter, should the Romans have troubled themselves a b out the Sources of the Nile ? They were certainly no such geographers as to be provoked by the obscurity of a single pro blem in the science. Their impressions of the earth's surface and of the distribution of its territories were loose and fanciful in the extreme. It is a natural thing for us to take an interest in such a question, because we believe that we are acquainted with the configuration of the globe, and are always ready to despatch an expedition of discovery to any point unvisited or unknown. We construct maps of the bottom of the sea and of the face of the moon, so that it is not surprising we sh ou ld b e cur i ous a b out the c ourse o f an African river. But why should the Romans, who knew not much more of geography than they did of electricity, concern themselves about a particular watershed in the mountains of Abyssinia ? The Nile was a great river, no doubt, and a sacred river, but other rivers were as great, and many rivers were sacred. The sources of all of them were probably alike unknown, but in no case, except that of the Nile, was this highly natural igno rance ever made the subject, of observation or ex plained by a special fable. To understand this anomaly we must go back to early history. The Nile was not only a great river, but it was an Egyp. Ilan river, and the land of Egypt was not as other lands. It was the country of wonders, associated by its annals and its antiquities, with every form of civilisation. With this country, too, the Nile was actually identified—in fact, the river constituted all the country that was habitable. What, therefore, Egypt was to the world, the Nile was to Egypt and to the world also—a species of natural marvel. The priests of Egypt were learned, they knew that their great river had never been tracked to its source, and they communicated this information, along , with the rest of their learning, to others. So everybody who had heard of anything had heard of this, and Ovid turned the story to account, and his readers accepted the illustration just as if the source of all the other rivers of the world had been so regularly ascertained that the Nile remain ed an al mos t m i raculcus exception. To com plete this story let us add that the very people who first published the problem are now the most re joiced at its solution. The Source of the Nile, it is believed, has been ascertained at last by the disco veries of Capt. Speke and Capt. Grant, and the in terest taken by the Egyptians in the announcement is extraordinary. Ttre Viceroy considers his reign has been tendered memorable by this success, and the whole Popu l ation are exc it e d by the intelli gence. The p art i culars of t h e di scover y will soon be made kno wn to us, but it is one o f th e curiosities of this most cur i ous subject that w h a t h as b een dis covered is simply what might have been presumed, or, as we r hay almost say, what h as b een predicted beforeha n d, As the Nile is ascen d e d a mount ainous country is reached' and in these mountains the Nile clearly originated. That much was known always; and not much more, except the exact point of the stream's origin, canbe known now. The story told by lierodotus is exceedingly s imple and natural. He says that, a s t o the sources of the Nile, he never found any man—either Egyptian, or Libyan, or Greek— who, professed to k now where they lay. The stream, he states, had been tracked a long way beyond th e confines of Egypt, b at i t was a stream still, and th e country above was such a torrid desert th a t no b ody knew anything about it. In later • times a professed geographer placed the sources of th e Nil e as he m ight very safely do, in what he call e d the Mountains of the Mcon, and it seems that the final discovery, if such we may really term it, has been made by following the route traced out by Dr. Bake not long ago as likely to lead to the a desi re d spot. " The sout h ernmos t li m it . of the basin of th e N ile is determ i ne d to b e f o ur e grees south of the P —uator." That in the words of Sir▪ Roderick Murchis q on is the great geographical fact now asc ertained, a'rid, w i t h ou t entering too nic▪ ely into the i ntr i cacies of the pro bl em , we think we may add that the discovery does but confirm wh at was generally presumed. A g ood deal of our curiosity on this subject has probably come by inheritance. It was . natural that th e ancient Egypt i ans s h ou ld t a k e an interest in the source of a stream which was no- Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Aus'ralia and Mauritius, via Southampton may I ?, * via Marseilles June I ' . brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. June 4 ' 9. Cape of Good H o p e , A scens i on , an d St. H e l ena May 2 9. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton MaY 1 2 ' 5 . via Marseilles May 1 Falkland Island s Gibraltar, via Southampton NO i_d India (Calcutta), an d C e yl on , v i a S ou th amp t on NO 8, -- via Marseilles May 98, India (Bombay), via Southampton Mel - 1 via Marseilles June ''' MaY !,'' Portugal.... ---. Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampt on MaY o s, via Marseilles .. May ' Pf . Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo . r 21 , U. S. and British N. A mer i ca , by B r it. p ac k e t.... IN--ad T '1:47 U.S. , packet 0 2. by Canadian packet May 10, W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe June Bahamas, via New York June , 4, 9, Mexico.. ...• DlaY ''' All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, j m a y 2 9 ' California. and Briti s h Columbia.. LIFEBOAT SERVICES.—HASTINGS, Tuesday N'g • lit• 1 —The Hastings lifeboat belonging to the Natrona Lifeboat Institution went off in a strong gale of wind fr°l33 o the east, and saved, under perilous circumstances, the cr e e of four men of the fishing smack Britanni a , o f RanOg a „ t i{ which was totally wrecked on the East Groyne Rock s, : 13 Hastings, this morning. The lifeboat was reported to ha behaved admirably on the occasion. is [A DVERTISEMENT.] —Holloway's Pills. Restortitiaa to Health,—When disordered action is first noticed, early resort to these purifying Pills will set all right aga l o d They improve the appetite, strengthen the stomach , A te d overcome all its difficulties. No medicine is so well adaP for the sedentary and studious; they fortify the nerves , t i t it give universal tone to the system. Be the malady W bil cid may, Holloway's purifying Pills will ab a t e it s sev erity ^ - 1 . 0 abridge its duration. They extract all p o i sonous roa tt ,, e e . from the blood, and expel all gross h umours f rom t he fraLr oo Biliousness, flatulency, nausea, distention, and constie l t ho wive way at once to these Pills, which, acting througo".. medium of the constitution, exercise a most beneficial i f ence over the entire body. Births. CAMPBELL.—On the 17th inst., at Berners-street, the l acii of Major E. Campbell, of a son. Ladi CoLEAttooKE.--- 7 9n the 21st inst., at 37, South-street, Colbrooke, of a daught VALE. e —On the 19Th inst., er. at Mathon Lodge, Worcester' shire, Mrs. Vale, of a son. WEBB —On the 18th inst., at D onn i ng t on Hall, ileref° r4.. shire, the Hon, Mrs. Webb, of a son. Marriages. Ar kirlt CUST—BRIDGEMAN.—On th e 19th i n st., at K ns— rlrel3. Shropshire. Leopold Cust, Esq. only son o f Lieut o f the Hon. Sir Edw ar d C ust , to Esq., fourth daug hter the late Vice-Admiral the Hon. C. O. Bridgeman• ian WEBBER—LEE.--At the British Embassy, Paris , Vl l7Ol Arthur, eldest son of the late Capt. Arthur Webber , der io Refit., to Charlotte Augusta, only daughter of F re Lee, Esq., of The Abbey, near Knaresborough. Deaths. Bitows.— On the 17th inst. , at Grafton Regis, Mrs . Ge°" giana Brown, aged 91. CUNNINGH iM --On the 19th i ns t. , at St. Alban s, ''' ."er a t l Nora, younger daughte r o f Peter Cunningliarc l l aged 16. HILLDI" _ John o n the C o u 2 p o a t r h , i a n g s e t d , 6 a b t . COT:PAIL—On the 19th inst , at 50, Stanhope-street,Straoch law land park, Tottenham , Hill, Esq., a ged 6 4 9 of Mile-end. Camden Villa, LEATHART.-0 a the 20th inst , at Brornpton, Lieutenant Alfred Leathart,aged . s3. • t c r 016 r 1 MANDWELL —On the 19th inst , at Brompton, Ns. - - - Maydwell, aged d tiie WEBB.—On the 18th inst , the infant son of Mr. an Hon. Mrs. Webb. . —....... Not thutnber:: London : Printed and Publis hed b y WILLIAM ANDEIV!: of No. 112, Strand, Prin ter, at THE SuN Office, No. 1 1 7 Strand, in the Precinc t of the Savo y , in the Ceuta C' Middlesex,— Friday. May 22. 1663.