The Sun. — London, England, 1854-04-21 00:00:00

T HE TIMES ASSURANCE COMPANY, 32, LUPGATE-HILL. LONDON. Established for every description of FIRE A-SUR I...NrE and the ASSURAtiC>J of PLATE GLASS of every description against dental breakage. NOTI CE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That on and after the 24th inst., Interest at the rate of six per cent. per annum will be payable upon the p alg-up capital of this COMIT any at the Chief office, 32, Ludgate kill, between the hours of 10 and 3. 11. B. STIERIDAN. Manager. Active Agents wanted for Plate Glass Assurance.—Apply as above. THEATRE ftOY.LL DRURY L&2 E. Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. THIS EVENING, APRIL 21. Will be performed NORMA. Principal characters by Madame Caradori, Siadanse Sedatzek, and Madame Sono/Lean; Signor Pa veal, signor Santi, tad Signor Arnold'. Followed by a BILLET DIVERTISSEMENT. Conductor, Herr Lindpaintner ; Begisseur, Herr Formes. Stalls, 7s; Dress Ci-cle, ss; Homes, as; Pit, 2j; oalery. Private Boxes. One, Two, and Three Guineas, may be had, and pleat• secured, at the Box-office daily from Ten to Sly; and of all lausicskillers and librarians. THE \TUE ROYAL HAYMARKET. Under the management cf Mr. itockatone THIS EVENING, Ann, 21, Will be performed SPEED THE PLOUGH. Characters by Meagre. Vandenhoff. Compton, Rogers. and Chippendale; Miss E. chaptin, Miss Louisa Howard, and Mrs. Stanley. After which, the entirely new ant original extravaganza, eat! led MR. BUCKSTONE'S VOYAGE ROUND THE GLOBE (IN CESTER4QUAR , E), written by J. R. Planchk, Esq. Vrinc pal characters by Mr. Buckstoue, Mr. W. Barren, Mr. Clark, Mr. J. Marshall, Mr H. Marshall ; Mrs. Fitzwillism, Mrs. Caulfle'cl, Z. Grey , Miss Lydia Thompson , Miss Laura Morris, and Miss Featherstone Fe towed by WILLIKIND AND HI'S DINAH. Supported by Mews. Buca.tone and Cord ; was I,xibut Howard. Mrs. Fitswii and Mrs. Caulfield. 119FAL P4lSCEss's THEArukl, oxeotty-aTREEr. ilnder.the Management of ;Mr. CHARIss KILL 41'.4 " 41 e EVENliff?, Arms. 21, 'AI • N'SIARRIED Cha racters liaqiE a l t ) lac tj a ' rt ; and Misses ' tll i cl by Lacy, Aer, and C e , ?At r' AAJD 'MARGUERITE. Charictert by k „ l i tosei. e . K e an and Davd bishlt : lira. Winstanley and Min C. sitaiat - WOW' " ~,, , s t de mee niaa. with A STORM IN A TEA-CUP. Principal cha ,ragaeasbr. lir. and Mrs. W. Lacy. * " . " l—tr7r THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHI. ti di 4‘.. • • •Ctoprietor, Mr. B. Webster.—Directrese, Madame Cel es t e . - •,‘ THIS EVENING, Arm 21. be performed TWO LOVE i AND A LIFE. Supported by Messrs. C. Selby, Leigh Ifurray, Benjamin Webster, Keeley, and 0: Smith ; Miss Weolsar and Madame Celeste. Followed by . THE OVERL kNI) JOVE/EY TO CON4TANTI NOPLE, Ai ITNDERTA.KEIS ny LORD BA I'EHAN, wITII INTERE4TING PARTICULARS OF THE FAIR sOPHIA. LYCEUM TIIEATRE. Under the Management of Madame Vestris. TUB EVENING, Aparr. 21, Will be performed A CFIARMING WIDOW. Principal charac ters by Mr. C. Mathews; Miss Talbot and Miss Oliver. To be followed by GIVE A DOG AN ILI. NAVE. Principal characters by Melts. C. Mathews and F. Matthews. After which, NUMBER ONE ROUND TILE CORNER. Concluding with A TWINE OUT OF WINDOWS. ROYAL OLYMPIC THE ILTRE. Lessee and Manager. Mr. A. Wigan. THIS EVENING, APRIL 21, Will be performed THE II k P PIEST DAY OF MY Lner. Cha racters by Messrs. F. Robson, J. H White, Leslie, and Vincent; Mrs. Chatterley, Miss P. Horton. and Miss Marston. To be followed by TO 0111.1 , 1,E aENTAON. Supported by 3fessrs Emery, it °boon. and Leslie; Mrs. Stirling and Miss Wyndham. To cone'ude with the Farce of THE WANDERING MINSTREL. Jem Bagge, Mr. F. Robson. STRAND THEATRE. sole Lessee Mr. F. W. Allcroft.—Directresq, Miss Rebecca Isaacs, THIS EVENING, APRIL 21, Will be performed TUE ENCHANTED 1..110E. Followed by AN ADVER VISENIENT—" WANTED, WIVES AND HUSBANDS." o.neluding with a new burlesque on RICHARD THE THIRD. Ss.; Itoxe.A, 3e.; Pit, U. 6d; flallery, 6d. ; Private closet., £1 11s. 6d., to be had of Mr. Allcroft, 15, New Bond•street. .A.STLEY'S EUROPE'S NATIONAL AA Pill'PflEA PRE Lessee and %tanager, Mr. William Cooke. Great attraction and power!ul Novelties for the Eastt r Holidays. THIS EVENING, APPIL 21, And daring the week, a new rid tell and Equestrfai spec tacle, embodying u vet and extraordinary eff tcts (wig ten by Nfr. Nelsen Lee), entitled A l'ALt.l SPANISH WAR; or, The Horse of the Wreck. Th : horses .:xpreisly trained by air. W. Cooke. Followed by an entire change of the Qcenesof the CIRCLE intro ducing Miss Kite Cooke, K 143 Emily Coo te , Air. , lire 1 Cooke, and the most talented Equestrian an , iprinastic lrtistes in Eur.,pe. Concluding with the new Farce of DALRY3f r•LE versus TC813.4. Box-oftice open from &even till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tii Der —Mori:ll'2;ls mln.after 8 Evening 2 min.afi. 9 11:1•Moiukow--Morning 50 inin.after 9 f evening 35 atTi.ait. 10 •`- WEATHER.—Sim Omcs, Aran. 21. TISCIMOMETES, IN THE SHADS. 'jO—higliest since noon yesterday. 1 13•51,-lowest this morning and (luring the night. " $?--kids day at noon. BAROMSTES,' • WIND, S.W.—Light air 4, and fine, summer, cloudy weather—inclining to rain. Some *1404 rain fell in the might and yesterday evening. • • THESE O'CLOCK.—Wind changed to S.E.—heavy clouds and threatening a thunderstorm. , DIILY WEATHER TABLE. FRIDAY, APRIL 21, 1854. State of the wind and weather at each of the following places at nine o'clock yesterday morning. The station are arranged in order of latitude. c FOLKESTONE—E., calm—clondless. TrINBItIDGB-E., gentle breeze—cloudless. GREIENWICH—E., gentle breeze cloudlees. STROOD—E., gentlu breeze—cloudless. • • SWINDON-8.E., fresh breeze—cloudless. calm—clondless. s calm—overcast. -r I : • „ CM s t o ' SUM . LONDON, FRIDAY, APRIL 21, 1854. ~ A fatality, if one might so speak, has long seemed to hang over the Greek Government. As to the precise nature of the evil-influence latterly guiding the councils of the Athenian Cabinet—of that we can only as yet judge by hearsay, by put ting (as the saying is) two and two together, in other words, by the juxta-position of facts, many of which have by this time become sufficiently notorious. Regarding the policy carried out for some time past in that direction, we can already, by the light of these facts, recognise an amount of turpitude which has rapidly led to the estrange ment from Greece, one after another, of the ma jority of the more powerful Scates of Christendom. A faithlessness on the part of the reigning dynasty so flagrant, so enormous, so undeniable, that it has led, we rep eat, to the estrangA)aent from it of the majority of the great European Govern ments. It cannot be forgotten how very recently, in reply to a question put to her MAJESTY'S Ministers by the hon. gentleman the member for Pontefract —it cannot be forgotten how, on the evening of Thursday, the 6th of this present month of April, Lord JOHN RUSSELL declared to the House of Commons his firm conviction that the recent dis t nrban ees i n the Greek provinces had been got up designedly, for the purpose of weakening the au thority of the Sultan, and that there were nume rous Proofs----{mark these words ! and remember they are words uttered by a Minister of the Crown, by the Leader of the House of Commons, and, as such, by one of the prin c ip a l mem b ers o f her Britanni c MAJESTY ' S Government]---" that there were numerous PROOFS of the. King and Queen. of Greece haring given, the greatest en couragement to the insurrectionas . is I" The na ture of those proofs has as yet to be learnt. It can only be known precisely on the publication of official documents relating to tie mysterious transactions. Fortunately, such a publi ca tion, the substantial form of a blue - book, may b eL i w n very speedily anticipated. It has, in a manner, been formally p romised, and that promise must soon be redeemed. Nothing having as yet appeared, however, in the nature of any such authoritative or detailed statement, we are left, as we have before remarked, to form merely con j ectural opinions, from facts already known, from incidents already observed, from occurrences already n otorious, in regard to bility of the Greek Govern the presumed culpa ment. • a . few of the more Consider, fur a mo ment, prominent of these facts, or incidents, or occur rences, renees, or whatever else they may be designated. Compare them with one anothe r, place them side by side, blend them together—and you will arrive at the same natural and inevitable deduction, under each and every one of these circumstances. Remember the startling declaration already referred to—the declaration made by Lord Join'T RUSSELL on the 6th instant, in the House of Commons, to the effect that the greatest encou ragement had been given to the insurrectionists by the Greek Sovereigns ! That there are " numerous PROOFS " of the KENO and QC LEVY of Greece h ing gi yen that encou ralemea t--- to whom? Recollect—to the friends of the CZAR, and the enemies of the Turkish Government. Remember, moreover, the extraordinary cir cular addressed towards the close of last month, dated, in fact, the 29th of March, to all the Eng lish Consuls in the Levant by her Britannic MAJESTY'S Ambassador at Constantinople ! A document v iewing with "indignant sorrow and reprobation" [these are the very expressions of Lord STRAT VOR D DE REDCLIFFE] "a movement which operates only in favour of Russia, while it has not even the merit o f bein g s p ontaneous." B ear those last few syllabl e s especially in remem brance ! Recollect, moreover, that eight days after that circular was penned at Constantinople by our Ambassador, Lord JOHN RUSSELL declared, in the House of Commons, in the sitting to w hi c h we hare already made more than one referenc-, that the movement regarded by her MAJESTY'S representative at the Sublime Porte as being "only iu favour of R Issia," and as not having " even the merit of being spontaneous," was in reality strongly encouraged, if it were nut actually origixated, by the infatuated Greek Sove reigns. Let it not be forgotten that these are formid able imputations cast by no obscure hand, but by that of a leading Minister of the Crown of Eng land, against King arrio, some time [in 1832] Prince of Bavaria, and against his Queen, some time [in 1836] Princess AMELIA of Oldenburg. The "numerous PROOFS" of the criminal con nivance of - the KING and QUEEN of Greece with these insurgents in the cause of the Russian Amerces—the proofs spoken of so confidently on the 6th instant by the Noble Lord the Leader of the House. of Commons—have yet, of course, to be adduced in justification of the charge, and thereupon, in the substantial form of a blue-book, laid upon the table of the Imperial Legislature. Nevertheless, although that promised blue-book has yet to be printed, or at any rate has yet to be published—rna.y we 'not already perceive in various events which have actually transpired strong confirmation of the truth of the very grave charges directed against the Court of Athens by the Noble Leader of the House of Commons speaking in the name of her Britannic MAJESTY'S Government ? Can we ? It is a rather serious question. Can we not already discover that these bold asser tions from the lips of Lord Jorm RUSSELL have been accompanied By events somewhat remarkable in the way of corroboration or enforcement ? Can we not perceive this not merely in the abrupt dismissal by the Sublime Porte of the Greek Ambassador to the Court of the SULTAN, but also, peremptorily, of the various Greek sub jects hitherto resident at Constantinople ? Above all, is there not powerful and direct con firmation of every syllable uttered on the 6th of April, in the House of Commons, by Lord JOHN RUSSELL, in the circumstance notified by us in our impression of last Monday, that, by a curious coin cidence, on that same 6th of April, at Athens, the English, Austrian, French, and Swedish Ministers did not attend at the solemn Te Lewin there and then chaunted before King Orno and Queen AN GELIA ?—that memorable 6th being the day when the anniversary of the independence of Greece was celebrated ! Observe that announcement---4or just now it is especially significant. The English Minister was not present. The French Minister was not pre sent. Neither was the Swedish nor the Austriaq! Somewhat propitious, we take it, that latter inti mation. Not a word about the Russian or— mark this particularly !—about the Prussian Am bassador ! Consequently, the obvious deduction from the silence preserved in regard to them that they were both present at the Te neum from which not only the English and the French, but even the Austrian and Swedish Ministers alieuted themselves. Naturally, of -- course, the Russian Ambassador wai present after the movement made [we quote half from Lord JOHN RussELL and half from Lord STRATFORD DE REDCLIFFEZ] in favour of the Czia at the instigation, or at least with the encouragement, of the Greek Sovereigns. But the Prussian Ambassador t There' the rub. Verily the straw thrown up at Athens, shows more pointedly the direction of the wind (for Prussia) than even the Berlin weathercock. Verily, too—And the reflection i 3 just now yet more worthy of zemark-the day of reckoning is fast approaching for the infatuated Greek Go vernment. know nothing whatever of Mr. MATTHEW, of geyWood, who lectured the turnouts of Stock port last 'week on the political economy of their poiitiv). : but certainly if such balderdash can be paasa:atit to the poor men as irrefutable argu ment Material will never be wanting for persuad ing themAliat they are grievously wronged, and do well to be angry. Mr. MATTHEW may be, and we suppose is, a respectable man, and endowed with the requisite faculties for addressing an open air meeting ; and perhaps a rnperior thinker, with inferior tact and physical powers, would haVe come off but second best, mill-lasses being judges, in an encounter with an Orator pleading against masters, and for the idolised ten per cent. We would fain hope, how ever, that there were among the shrewd over lookers, and other long-headed Lancashire then present, many who had learned enough at Mecha nics' Institutes, or by their mother wit, to shrug their shoulders at arguments which elicited loud plaudits from the younger portion of the audience. Mr. MATTHEW began with an imposing nega tive " he denied that capital and labour were identical in their interests." The wealthy mas ters and their needy operatives, he wished it to be understood, were natural enemies, and it was as glorious for poverty to do battle against wealth as for the Turks to resist the Russians. We fancy we see some long-headed, and, perhaps, smutty faced operative, ready to exclaim, though repressed by fear of hisses, " A'weel, Mr. MATTHEW, may be most masters get us to work as cheap as they can, but how could they put us to work at all if they had na' capital to pay our wages with till the brass came in from the cloth we had wade ?" lii the Gospel according to this MATTHEW, however, the capitalist is the arch enemy of the poor man—the fiend from whom he must pray to be delivered ; and all be cause he does what the poor 'man himself does, that is, gets his work done as cheap as he can. We should like to know whether Mr. MATTHEW,. or any man of his audience, would not get his shoes mended by the cheapest hand that would work for him ; nay, whether any one of all his numerous female• Bearers would not rush to the shop which sold the very gowns their own hands had weaved to save a farthing a yard ; that is, whether these patriotic ladies would not endeavour to get the mill work done for a farthing a yard less, since if raw material and other thing remain at the same average, or rise to a higher one, all the cheapness must come out of chea.pened. labour. Not to travel to foreign countries, let Mr. MATTHEW explain to his hear ers, why, hitherto, Irish wretchedness has not been notoriously least, wherever capital has, as in Ulster, been most secure and plentiful ; and whe ther of late years it has not diminished just in the proportion that property has been attracted to that unhappy land ? In the hope that these lines may meet the eye of some Stockport operatives, NN"e would r e p ea t w h a t mos t o f our rea d e rs well know, that, indirectly of course, the very money saved by reductions of wages, supposing that the reduction is not a mere precaution against ruinous loss, returns again to the workmen. It sometimes, indeed, employs another class of operatives, but more commonly the wealthy manufacturer en larges his mill, or builds a new one, and thus in., creased the demand for new hands, or prevents the growing populatiost kora pressing upon each other ; but whichever elLet it produce, wages are either raised or kept from falling. The an tagonism of capital and labour is only one of the many oases in which the pressure on each other of seemingly opposite interests sup , ports the whole fabric of society ; indeed, identity is stagnation, and antagonism is life and activity. To the antagonism of chemical elements we OWO all the invaluable compounds of the labo ratory and of nature; to qv antagonism of the mag netie and of the electric currents, the space anni hilating telegraph ; nay, to the natural antagonism of fire and water we owe the very power which makes Stockport and Preston what they have been, and what we trust they will yet be.; and to what, in this sense, may be called the antagonism of capital and labour, we owe, in great part, the existence, the support, and the increase of all our great manufactures. Mr. MATTHEW considered that " the power of masters to put up a notice in their mills to take away their wages, showed that there was a power that should not exist." We are bold to affirm that not only is it absurd to deny a man the right to pay what wages he pleases ; but that without this power, manufactures never Gould have been begun ; never been carried on ; and that if carried on, masters would be bankrupts, and men beggars. The state of the markets presses on the master, the pressure on the master naturally propagates itself to the men, and if this natural cause of things be rudely stopped, injury to both must be the eventual result. Mr. MATTHEW actually deprecated foreign trade ! " The working classes did not want to clothe the backs of people across the seas." We do not doubt the limited range of Mr. ALATTazw's bene volence, and we must own that those misers, the capitalists, are probably as indifferent to the con dition of Chinese, Brazilian, or AmeriCan backs as Mr. M. and the operatives are ; but (perhaps through our stupidity or perversity) we cannot for the life of us comprehend the orator's doctrine about the depreciation of the prices of our manu factures by a foreign demand for them. "Every inch a ship sailed from our shores the cloths on board of her depreciated in value : he. could not walk to the other end of the. platforna..with so little depreciation as if he walked to the middle only, and so of our cloths sent abroad." We have no doubt of Mr. MATTHEW'S depreciation in value from venturing unto the Stockport platform, but how any of our manufacturers could be induced to send their goods to the very Antipodes, unless theygot fully as much for them as at home, leaving their customers abroad to pay all charges of trans port, we are entirely unable to comprehend. Or how sending goods out of the country should have any other effect than that of making them dearer at home, and sustaining, therefore, home wages, is to us equally unintelligible. But we suspect that our operative hearer, before referred to, must have sadly longed , to shout out, "Na-a-y, Master MATTHEW, that 'onl do ; I only wish I was sure of some thumping orders in from the dig gins, or Brazil, or anywhere else, and they'd soon give us our ten per cent." If, indeed, the speaker were addressing some old " Strikers" they would tell him that a time when large orders were in, home or foreign, it mattered not which, was just the time that they chose, if they could, for demanding increased wages. Mr. MATTHEW summed up by the emphatic'dec!aration, that the impoverishment of the workman was in propor tion to the extent of our exportation ! We .will not' insult the understanding of a Stockport opera tive, by attempting to refute the doctrine that bite more there is for him to do the worse he is prid. Ho has felt too often, practically, the difference between a busy and a slack time, to need a word in refat , .tion of so monstrous an assertion. Mr. COWELL, we see, did nut endorse the rea sonings of him of Heywood, though, of course, too polite to contradict them. He mentioned, however, as the reason for their absurd demand of a uniform 10 per cent., that the " time was come fur the people to reap a portion of the bene fits and profits of Free Trade." Away, there fore, in one breath, he b:ew the who's of Mr. MATTHEW'S laborious nonsense ; for what the pro fits of Free Trade should be, but profits on our exportations, as well as our importations, Mr. MATTHEW himself could not tell us. If the benefits of Free Trade be the basis of the demand for ten per cent., assuredly our profits must have resulted from " clothing the backs of people across the seas." We hope Mr. M. will not essay political economy to operatives again. Wd surmise that had he been at some good.school, and yet in his teens, such an essay on. the sub ject would. have endangered his undergoing an operation the opposite of "clothing the back, and bringing down upon him the only arguments by which certain persons can be enlightened. COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, APRIL 20. The dinner party at the Castle yesterday included her Royal Highnem the Duchess of Kent, the Belgian Min ister and Madame Van de Weyer, Lady Anna Maria Dawson, Colonel the Hon. Charles and Mrs. Grey, the Baroness de Speth, and Colonel the Right Hon. C. Forester (commanding officer, Royal Horse Guards). The band of the 97th Regiment attended during din ner, and played the following selection : Overture, " Haydee" - Aubor. Aria. " Inveir col sesso" (L'Ajo) Donizetti. Duetto, " Deh conte" (Norma) Bellini. Waltz Summer Flo a ers Tinney. Introduziene, " Il•Barbiere" Rossini. Galop, L'Eclair D'Albert. Her Majesty's private band was in attendance in the evening, and performed the following music Overture, " Egraont" Beethoven. Prire, Barcarolle, Air, and Chcsur (L'Etoile du Nord) Meyerbeer. The Queen and Prince, accompanied by the Prince of Wales and Prince Alfred, rode out on horseback yes terday afternoon, attended by the Countess of Desart, Lord Charles Fitzroy, and Lieutenant-Colonel F. H. Seymour. Tile Princess Royal and Princess Alice took a carriage drive. • The Duke and Duchess of Wellington, on their return from the French capital, will take possession of Apsley House for the season, which celebrated mansion will not, however, be complete in its embetlishinents until the end of the year. • . . . Tile Earl of CaWdor has left So u th A n ,ll ey - s t ree t for Paris. Tie countess has left town on a visit to the venerable Lady Grenville, at Dropinore. The Earl and. Countess of Harrowby return to Gros venor-square at the end of next week, from Sandou Hall, Stafford-.hire, for the season. Toe Esri and Gnintess of MAhneshury, who have been yrs-sing the holidays in Paris, are expected to arrive in Whitehall-gardens at the close of the ensuing week for the season. Tile 'Viscount and Viscountess Canning have left Grosvenor-square, on a visit to Mr. Henry and the Lady Harriet Drurnruond, at Aliiury P.,rk, where the hon. memner for Surrey is entertaining a select party during the recess. BANQUET TO THE DUKE OW 13EAUFORT.—The Society of Merchants of Bristol intend giving a grand banquet to hi; Grace the Duke of Beaufort, who has recently succeeded to the title and estates, on Wednesday, the 7th of June. DEATH OP COLONEL ACTON, LATE M.P.—We have to reuori the de,uise of this high-minded gentleman, who for so many years represented the county of Wicklow on Conservative principles. fie died at his beautiful seat, West Aston, on the 10th i ns t. C o l one l A cton ' s oppo nent generally was the Right Hon. James Grattan, son of the celebrated statesman of that name. The contests in Wicklow involving so many petitions cost him up wards of 30,0001. THE DAY OF lIIIIIILIATION.—Owing to a want of precision in the proclamation issued for the observance of Wednesday next as a holyday, the merchants and hankers throughout the United Kingdom are in a state of complete uncertainty whether that day can legally be regarded in the same light as Sundays, Christmas-day, and Good Friday, with respect to the payment of bills of exchange. According to the act of the 7th and Bth of George IV., the occasions on which public holydays can be declared by proclamation are limited to "solemn fasts, or days of thanksgiving," while, in the present instance, the proclamation is worded for "a day of general humiliation and prayer." It is therefore evi dent that, under a literal interpretation of the law, no exemption will exist on Wednesday next from any of the common legal liabilities of ordinary days. In this state of affairs application has been made to the G-overn merit, in order that the matter may be immediately cleared up. PROHIBITION OF THE EXPORT OF IRON TO THE CON TINENT.—Sudden inconvenience, of a serious character, has just been experienced by the Loudon firms in the iron trade from a resolution. conveyed to them through the Customs the day before yesterday, prohibiting the exportation of all kinds of iron to the Continent of Europe. Marry shipments have thus been stopped to Hamburg and Rostock, and other ports in the Baltic, which, inasmuch as they were in execution of orders, cannot be suspended without loss or difficulty. It is presumed that some regulations will beforthwith issued to facilitate the continuance of the regular trade, under such restrictions and securities as may be deemed suffi cient ; but unless these are of a simple nature, and are issued promptly, great damage will be inflicted in many quarters. THE COLONY OF VICTORIA.—The revenue of the colony of Victoria in the year 1853 amounted to 3,302,2491., b e i ng m ore Ulan double the revenue of the previous year. The proceeds of the g old licenses r ose from 399,1381, in 1852, to 060,833/ . in 1853 ; the Cue. tuns duty on . spirits imported, from 186,4911. to 561,11171 . ; the proc.eds of the .al- of land, from 703,8551. to 1,396,7131. The population at the close of the-year was e:itituated at 233,000- THE SUN, LONDO N , FRIDAY EVENING, APRIL 21, 1854. _ ,(.:'.i AND COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. MONEY MARKE rr CITY, TWO O'CLOCK. The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday were estimated at from 6,000 to 7,000 bales, of which 1,000 American were taken on speculation. The market closed firmly at previous rates. The sales • comprised 200 Pernam and Maranham, at s,id. to ; 100 Bahia, at 6,1 d, to 6id. ; 500 Egyptian, at Gd. to 9d. ; 700 Surat, at 2gd. to 41d. ; 40 Sea Island at ls. to ls. 3d. per lb., and the remainder American. Railway shares were steady. The market for Colonial Produce reopened on W e dnesday. The quantity offered has been limited. A steady inquiry for sugar and coffee , exists for home use. In tea a fair business has been done tallow has fallen, and Jute is about 20s. lower.; In spices there has been a decline. Cotton is quiet, but saltpetr is rather dearer. Accounts from Canada state, iu alluding to the prosperity of the colony, that "Those who are familiar with the varied resources, and have closely observed the onward progress of the British colonies in America during the last few years, cannot fail to be impressed with the attractions they afford for extensile emigration. The recent reports. made by the Governor-General of Canada, and Lieut.- Governor of Nova Scotia, and the financial reports from the other colonies, afford a glowing exhibition of the healthy coalition of trade' and commerce in the respective provinces. With these official docu ments before us, and incontrovertible evidence of vast i nva l ua bl e resources and healthy prosperity, may we not bid the. honest and indestrious emigrant and his family a hearty welcome from their contracted fields and crowded workshops to our broad acres and labour seeking public works, in the full assurance of his enjoying a competency as the reward of industry. It would re quire no laboured argument to show the yeomanry of England, Scotland, and Ireland, that throughout the vast and varied British colonial possessions, there is no colony so full of promise to the industrious emigrants as British North America. Within twelve days sail of their own native homes, the climate is known and acknow ledged to be more favourable to health and longevity than that of the Southern or Western States. Land is cheap, and the soil is superior. Wages are high and labour every where in demand. The Free School system is becoming popular, and will soon be universally adopted. Churches of all evangelical denominations are numerous. Taxes are light, and the Government is as free, as liberal, and as progressive as any well-disciplined mind could desire. Never was there a more encouraging prospect for the British emigrant to cross the Atlantic than at present. The farmer, with his little savings in his pocket, cannot fail to select a homestead, which, by frugal industry, would very soon afford him all the comforts of a, happy rural life. The mechanic is equally sure of employment and large rewards for his skili, whilst the vast railroad operations, and other public and private enterprises, guarantee to the labourer high wages for many years to come. But, notwithstanding all that has been written on this subject, these facts are not generally known among the emigrating classes throughout the rural and manufactur ing districts of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Let them be impressed on the minds of the people, discus sed in public meetings, talked about in the family circle, and the result would be that a large portion of the emi gration now going on froth the 'mother country' to the United States, Australia, &c., would be attracted to the shores of British North America." • Tie Chamber of Commerce of New York have earßtirlyitimehoHncoutrisreinogf Commonswh te m pa o s y se e d me r n es t o m lu a t d io e n i s n th he her Majesty to give special war not to interfere with neutral vessels ; that a instructions Mr. G Gibson, to n ' the praying officers commanding vessels of memorial be- presented to the President and Con gress praying for the passage of a law to put a stop to privateering ; and that Government should give notice that any attempt to renew the right of search for British seamen in our vessels, or pro perty belonging to individuals on board of the same, shall be considered goo:l cause for war. The New York accounts state that American dew rotted hemp was held at $195 to $2lO per ton. The last sale of water rotted was made at $275. There was no Russian on hand, except that held by manufacturers. It is said the crop to come for ward from Kentucky will be deficient, while that from Missouri will be so large as to counterbalance the falling off in the former State. The winter had been unfavourable for the rotting of hemp in Mis souri, and a considerable portion of the crop, it was said, woulyl be stacked out, and remain over with out rotting until the next season. Heavy snows produce the best rotted and bleached hemp. The Committee of iVlexic to Bondholders have received the following letter Iron his Serene High ness the President of Mexico : (Translation.) . " Mexico, March 14, 1834. , . " Sir,—ln reply to . yqur letter of ' the let in which In your . owrihame, as urell.as On behalf of you* coostitu-' Cuts,:. the Mettles* Betidlaohlars, you are pleased to felicitate me on the mote of cionfaieuce with , which - my ronntrits.a. honoured me, I feel it a duty to return , you and the bond holders my best thanks for the very courteous terms in which that communication is conveyed. ' " I certainly consider your claim to have the overdue dividends paid perfectly just, and I am also well aware of the good effects which must result from the demands of the bondholders being completely satisfied. I, there fore, am using my best efforts to acquit myself of these sacred obligations, and, if I have not as yet been as success ful .as the bondholders and I myself could desire, I have, nevertheless, shown some earnest of it in promoting the payment of a dividend a few months ago, notwithstanding . that at my accession to the Supreme Government I found myself' without resources to provide for even the Most pressing wants for the public service, while it was 'also , found indispensably' necessary to form an army for the ' defence of the country against attacks both from - within anti froin without. " However, I am happy to say that the public revenue is new so much improving in all its branches that I have now better founded hopes of fulfilling the engagements of the country towards the bondholders, to whom you may in my name declare that their just expectations shall not be disappointed, and that their forbearance and the consi.- *I derate manner in which they have , hitherto behaved to wards the Republic will be found to have been duly ap preciated. "I am, Sir, your faithful servant, " A. L. DE SANTA ANNA. "Charles Al`Garel, Esq., Deputy-Chairman of the , Committee of Mexican Bondholders." The order to the Customs prohibiting the expor tation of iron to the ,Continent, is understood to be merely preliminary, and will be modified so as to act as little as possible in restricting trade, and yet not allow the enemy to be supplied with the material of war. The news has just been received of war having been declared by Russia against ,England and France. It is reported that the Bank of England weekly return will show a further considerable de crease in the bullion, according to some versions, of about half a million, but a portion of this must be ascribed to the dividends, although specie even up to this time is taken for exportation. The Stock Market has been rather variable again. At the opening, prices were firm, Consols being 87i to 88, but they went back afterwards upon money sales, stated to be for the Savings' Banks, possibly in connection with au exchange of funded for unfunded securities, to' 871, The latest bargains have been at 871 to. and since at 87k, 4. The New Thre6-and-a-Quarter per Cents. have been 871 to 88, and the Three per Cent. Reduced. Annuities 86' to 86i. Bank Stock is 211. Yesterday afternoon, before the close of the market, it dropped from 212 to 2J9, owing probably to the idea that the renewed char ter will not be so favourable to the Corporation, although there is much doubt whether Govern ment, at this time, will give any inkling of its in tentions. Exchequer Bills are par to 4s. premium, and India Bonds Ss. discount. Foreign Securities have been quiet, with the ex ception of Spanish, which have been dealt in at an improvement to 36l and 37, and the New Deferred have been steady at 17f. Peruvian 41 per Ceuta. are about li. per cent. higher, being 60, and the 3 per Cents. are marked 43 to 44. Russian 41 per Cents. are dull, but firm at 80. Dutch 2i per Cents. are 57k to 571. Railway Shares are decidedly weaker. Caledo nian have receded about 10s.; Great Northern, 10s.; and Great Western also, 10s. ; Lancashire and Yorkshire, and York and North idland, each 1/. The others in the same proportion. Mining Shares are firmer, Bank Shares dull, and Land Companies' neglected. BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY.—CLOSING PRICES ( From the Oficial List.) Business done. Bank Stock ...-... ............ .... ..... . ........ 2ll i per Cent. Reduced Annuities B6A i ; 3 per Cent Consols Annuities BB 7 4 New 34 per Cent. Annuities B7 hB iA # 0 Gong Annuities, Expire sth Jan., 1860 „, 4 11-16 13-16 UittG 30 Years, Expire 10th Oct., 1859 .4 7.16 Ditto 30 Years, Expire sth Jan., 1860 5 India stoeic India Bonds, £lOOO ...................... Ditto, under £lOOO 5 d Consols for Account 11th May BB 7 4 1 i Exchequer Bills, 2d. • £lOOO £5OO par 4 p Small par 4 p PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY. Chilian Bonds, 6 per Cent. lOO Pokuviar 'lade Cent. -n Bonds, 4i per , , - Ditto 3 per Cent 44 3 Portuguese Bonds, 4 per Cent aussian Bona, 1822, 5 per Cent. £St 9lt Ditto 4} per Cent BO Spanish Bonds, 3 per Cent 36i 7 61 Spanish New Deferred, 3 per Cent. l7i 6 Dividends on the above payable in London. French Rentes, 3 per Cent. Dato6 Exehange, 2, per Cont. 12 Guil s7b b THREE O'CLOCK. Consols 874 Ditto May Ace()Rut . B7i, L ST Fo El N 7 `-'• THREE VICTORIES GAINED BY THE TURKS. A report from Omer Pacha, says the Morning Post in a second edition of to-day, confirms the fact that there had been three glorious actions at the passage of the Danube, but that, in pun- . suance of orders, the troops had retreated in the line of"Karason. AUSTRIA AND PRUSSIA. CONOLUSION OF AN. OFFENSIVE AND DEFENSIVE TREATY. A telegraphic despa,tch, dated Berlin, this morning says that—" Yesterday an offensive and defensive alliance between Austria and Prussia was signed by Baron Manteuffel on the one side and Baron Hess and Count Than on the other." RUSSIA. We have received copied of the Journal of St. Peersburg, of 31st March (12th April), and of the Ist (13th) April. A supplement to the latter contains the follow. ing important document " DECLARATION. " France and Great Britain have at last openly left the system of disguised hostility which they had adopted to wards Russia, especially by the entrance of their fleets into the Black Sea. " The result of the explanations which they have given of that measure was of a nature to lead to a rupture of reciprocal relations between them and the Imperial Cabinet. " This last fact was shortly followed by a communica tion in which the two Cabinets, through their respective consuls, invited the Imperial Government to evacuate the Danubian Principalities within a given term, 4hich England fixed at the 30th April, and France, still more peremptorily, at the 15th of the same month. " With what rigat did' the two Powers thus pretend to exact everything from one of the two belligerent parties, without demanding anything from the other? This is what they have not thought fit to explain to the Imperial Cabi net. To evacuate the principalities, without even a sha dow of a fulfilment, by the Ottoman Governmept, of the conditions to which the Emperor made the cessation of that temporary occupatioa subordinate—to evacuate them in the brunt of a war which the latter was the first to de clare, whilst it is actively carrying on offensive operations, when its own troops occupied a fortified point of Russian territory—was already acondition inadmissible in substance. The two Powers wished that in form it should become still more unacceptable. They fixed a term of six days for the adhesion of the Imperial Cabinet, at the expiration of which, a refusal, or the absence of any reply whatever, was to be by them regarded as equivalent to a declaration of war. " To ;summons so partial in its tenour, as practically in excusable as it was insulting in its terms, silence was the only reply compatible with the dignity of the Emperor. " Consequently, the two Governments have just publicly made known that Russia,' by her refusal to accede to their Imam!, has constituted herself towards them in a state of war, the entire responsibility of which will rest upon her. "In the presence of such declarations it only remains for the Emperor to accept the situation which has been "made hiin, reserving . to himself to employ all the means which Providence has put in his hands to defend with energy and constancy the honour, independence, and safety of his empire. " Independently of the message by which the Cabinet of London announces its resolution to the two Houses of Par liament, it has in a supplementary declaration, explained the motives which indu,l3 it to take up arms, and has reca pitulated the origin and the incidents of the question. The Imperial Government thinks it superfluous to return to a discussion on this subject. All its preceding docu ment§ seem tett to have exhauated the polemic. The recent memorandum of the 18th Feb., publisheu on the occasion of the rupture of diplomatic relations, and which contains up to that point the whole historical exposition of the question, will have sufficed to demonstrate'to whom, whe ther to Russia or to the two maritime Powe s, belongs the initiative of the provocations, and what disastrous (fusteste) chain of circumstances the false position i., which their first steps placed the two Cabinets, lad them on by degrees to take others still more provoking. Thy rej traced. minds will have beau able to discover these all the successive concessions wade by Russia for the maintenance of peace, before as well as after the Vienna note, whilst the meteas , ing exactions of the two Courts engaged them daily more and more still further in the path of a war with us. " The occupation of the Principalities, which is taken now apres coup, as a pretext for this war, did not prevent . I the opening of negotiations. It would not" have any more prevented their continuation, or rather these ne gotiations would have led to something long since, if the Powers had not suddenly, without any good reason, c'eupletely changed the bases which they them selves had laid down in the first, .note concerted at Vienna. The objections made by the Torte to certain passages .f . that note were not sufficieut either to nul lify the rest. The essential substance remained iutaet, an 1 the Imperial Government had the right to regard all the points which the Ottoman Porte .had not contesteel. as acquired for any ulterior proposition." Such was not done. An attempt was made to impose entirely new conditions upon Ale ; what hadhitherto been admitted was declared inadmissi'le3,ll3.! complaints of Russia ware ignored, as also an' claini on, fts"'part to an equitable reparation, and edits "counter-propositions ';iejteted without discussion. At the - same ' time, Measures contrary to its rights as a belligerent Power coincident in the Black Beit.with the conditions transmitted from Vienna, were adopted, as if to impress a character of compulsion to any adhesion on its part. , Finally, all honourable retreat was cleverly cut off from it by an imperious summons, such as Russia never before received within the whole period of its history, even at the time when a conqueror at the head of armed Europe invaded its territory. "Not being stile to *lose their eyes upon the insuffi ciency of the motives for a disastrous war and upon the want of proportion which exists between its effects and its cause, the two Powers are obliged to exaggerate its object by bringing the most vague accusations against Russia. "They allege that their honour and material interests have been hurt—projects on our side of aggrandisement and conquest in Turkey—the independence of the Porte, and even that 'of other States ; finally, the balance of power in &trope, which, according to them, is threatened by_ our excessive preponderance. " All these general imputations rest upon no foundation whatever. " We have never attacked honour of the two Courts. If that honour has been placed in jeopardy, it has been done by themselves. From the very onset they have adopted a system of intimidation, which would naturally fail. They made it a point of amour propre to oblige Russia to bend to them ; and because Russia would not consent to her own humiliation, they say that they are hurt in their moral dignity. " Materially, their interests have not been hurt by us either. They can only be so by the war which they wish gratuitously to wage against us. Ou the contrary, it is they who hurt our interests much more seriously by at tacking us in the north and in the south, in our ports, and on different points of our coasts. " The poli;y of aggrandisementand conquest which they attribute to Russia has been refuted by all her acts since 1815. Of her neighbours in Germany and in ;he North, is there one which, during the last forty years, have had to complain of an attack, or even of an attempt at an at tack, upon the integrity of his possessions ? "As regards Turkey, although we have been at war with her, the peace of Adrianople exists to attest the moderate ttse we have made of our SUCCO.3 • and since then, at two intervals, the Ottoman empire has been saved by us from imminent ruin. " The de (ire of possessing Constantinople, if that empire should fail—the intention of forming a permanent esta blishment there—have been too publicly, to solemnly dis avowed, for any doubts to be entertained on that subject that do not originate in u distrust which nothing can cure. " Events witl shortly show whether the Powers or Austria? (Russia) have struck the most fatal blow, not only against the independence, but against the very existence of Turkey. As a price for the interested services given to her, she has already renounced by treaty the distinguishing privilege of every independent Power—that of, making peace, or declaring war, at, its own free will, at the moment. an,l on the conditions it may itself deem most advisable. She will be forced to subscribe to an engagement which will give equality of civil and religious rights to all her sub jects. Russia will sincerely applaud so important a gua rantee, obtaiued in favour of all the Christians in Turks, , if it succeed in assuring it to them in a really efficacious manner. But in presence of a revolution which would so profoundly alter all the constituent bases of the Ottoman Government, Russia has the right to be surprised that an engagement by which the Salt in confined himself to con titan religious privileges already existing, and emanating from our treaties with him, should have eeen declared an attempt against his sovereignty and his independence. " It is fur Burma—not for the two powers—to decide if the general equilibrium really runs the risks which are at tributed to it. from the suppossed excessive preponderance of Russia. It is for it to examine which weighs heaviest to-daY upon the freedom of action of states—Russia lett to herself, or a formidable alliance, the 'pressure of which alarms every neutrality, and uses by turns caresses or threats, to compel them to follow in its wake. Europe will also decide if, during the last years, it is from Russia that have . come pretensions the most hostile to the rights of sovereignty, and to tho independence of feeble states; if in Greece, in Sicily, in Naples, in Tuscany, it is for or against those rights that she has de clared ; whether in Germany between the great Govern ments she has sought to saw discord, or to re-establish union ; whether, morally in Lombardy aid materially in Hungary, her efforts have not been consecrated to the maintenance of equilibrium, and whether the blows that are preparing against her, the isolation in which it is hoped to place her, by handing over the political world to a far differeutsort of preponderance, will not rathjr be the an nihilation of that equilibrium. " We thus see to what the Vague generalities urged against Russia are reduced. But the last especially of these grounds of accusation suffices to understand the true motive of a war for which, judged by its apparent grounds there is no reason ; and it is contrary to the moral ; indus trial, and commercial interests of the entire world, that it will really accelerate the ruin of the very empire which it made the pretext to save from an imaginary peril. The true motive was publicly proclaimed by the English Ministers, when they asserted before Parliament that the moment had arrived at lust, when it was necessary to abate the influence of Russia. " It is to defend that influence, not less necessary to the Russian nation than it is essential to the maintenance of the order and the security of other States—it is to sustain the independence and territorial integrity which are the' bases of it—that the Emperor, obliged in spite of himself to embark in this contest, is about to devote all the means of resistance which are furnished by the devotion and the patriotism of his people. He trusts that God, who has eo often protected. Russia in the day of trial, will assist him once more in this formidable struggle. lie sincerely laments the infinite evils which are about to fall on huma nity ; but at the same - time he feels it to be his duty to protest soleusoly against the arbitrary pretensions l a id down by the two Powers, which throw upon him alone all the responsibility of them. They are free, without doubt, to adopt against Russia such measures as may be conve nient to them; but it does not belong to them to lay the consequences to his charge. The responsibility of the ca. leini ties of a war belongs to the Power which declares it, 140 i)0!1:1 !o atc,:pt, " St. Patersburgrldateli 30, 1854." THE CONFIDENTIAL CORRESPONDENCE. The number of the 31st of March (12th of Aprill contains the following article "The British Ministry has just published all the confi dential correspondence to which the article in the Journal de St. Petersburg alluded on the kith of February (No; 336). In addition to 'these documents, it has deemed it apropos to introduce not only the Cabinet papers (pekes de Cabinet) exchanged between the Thipenal Court and that of England, but even the secret reports which Sir H. Seymour made to his Government of his private conversa tions with his Majesty the Emperor. "It was natural that public curiosity should be drawn to these private conversations. Without examining at •what point the English envoy had left them, influenced by the opinions - and prejudices which governed him, party spirit and bad faith have n o t been wanting to draw from his relations the : most hazardous consequences and the most false interpretations. Misled by expressions of which the reporter hiniself avows he was not always certain of having exactly' retained the - precise meaning—deceived by some fugitive ideas thrown out by chance in the warmth and the abandon of a conversation without constraint—he thought he saw in the words of the Emperor, such as they have been reported, the proof of objects determined before 'hind, of territorial arrange ants at the ezpeuse of Turkey —in one word, of a , plan of partition which his Majesty had proposed to England, - without the participations, and to the exclusion of other Courts. "However, on several :meal:ions,' in the course of his disoussions with the English representative, the Eriaperor did' not cease 'to repeat that he did ' not wish to conclude either treaty or protocol with Eng land ; that it:was not the question of a plan'by which the two Cabinets might dispose, without the conenrrence of, and without respect to, the other Powers, of the provinces governed:by the Sultan; that in his idea-the question was one of an understanding, perfectly - general,- upon certain eventualities that each of the two partiee Should arrive at as soon as possible; lastly, of a simple exchange of. ideas upon the word 9f - a gentleman (letzne parole, de gentik 11.07ThITIO, in order to engage .both, with the intention of avoiding political combinations that might be contrary to. their mutual interests. These assurances are contained, under a form, and iu terms not less positive, in the memo randum which the Emperor. caused to be prepared by his Cabinet, - in reply to the written communications' which the reports of Sir H Seymour had provoked on the part of the British Ministry. " It is, then, supremely unjust, not to say dishonourable (clotoycit), to endeavour to seek iu the motive which in duced the Emperor to open with England a correepondence (pourparlers) on thii subject; the intention to get that Power to dispose of,' with himself, beforehand, the posses sions of Turkey. Nothing was further from the ideas of his Majesty than the notion of a partition. and of a p irti tion effected by anticipation. The expectations of the Em peror related • to the future, not to the present ; his views were quite eventual. Thedesign of his Majesty in explain ing himself so frankly, was solely to avoid any incident of a nature to affect the intimacy which he desired to main tain in ins relations with England ; to prevent all diffe rences, all misunderstandings, and any . kind of divergence which events uncertain, but possible, might .suddenly bring about between Great Britain and himself, if they dad been left entirely out of their reciprocal foresight. • "The two Courts might have differed in opinions upon the greater or less imminence of the catastrophe which was foreseen ; but, in the event of that catastropee, what were the views expressed by the EmPeror? He disavowed ex .pressly; for himself, any desire or intention of possessing Constantinople. He made beforehand an engagement not, to establishhimsell there a permanent manner.. This dis avowal, this engagement is confirmed by the Cabinet papers. Is it conceivable after this, that sin the face of vernal and Written declarations 7 4leclarations so formal rind so•obliga tory —thatthe EuglishMinisters would have had the courage to accuse his Majesty, in their places in Parliament, of am bitious purpo,es, and of. projeuts ot conquest upon the ca pital of tha Ottoman empire? Such a torgetfuluese of the word of the Emperor, aittleilto that of all propriety in lan guage, which they have einploNed towards his august per son, waso ass u re dly i n t en d e d-i n order to authorise the Im perial Government to address a direct appeal to their con science, referring to the I.suranees (aufliences) which so evidently attest the disinterestedness and the purity of the political views ~f his Majesty. " Not only have the character and the motive of his over tures been intentionally misunderstood and misrepresented (envenintes), but it has even been song,ht to use them as a means of atteaipting to persuade other Powers that if'the Emperor, in this occasion; addressed himself more parti.u larly to Eugland, it was only because he paid no regard to their opinions or their interests. We content ourselves with remarking that the subject of th3se discuisions was brought confidentially to the knowledge of the Sovereigns .of Austria and of Prussia. . And,. as fir as concerns France, it. is essential to remember that the epoCh at - which they wed brought about was precisely that in which that Power created at Conitantinuple, in - respect to the plsses siou of the Holy Places, the difficulties which successively have pro luced the present crisis, and in which its ambas sador in Turkey has just employed all his energy to sup plant our influence were. • - In • such • circumstances,. and liter, at the moment when France did everything to • drag gugland into an hostile attitude against us, .it was quite natural , that the Emperor - should not deem it opportune to : put' the Cabinet "Of the TnileVie3: partially in possession of its intimate epancheamts with the British Government, anlessit intended to: prevent any understanding as to the' eventual fateof the East, since, as has be.m shown, this question was not of P partition of Turkey, nor even of concluding any transactions whatever, tinder the font of a protocol or treaty. . " These short observations will suffice to reduce_ to its just value all that falsehood and.exaggeration•which male . volence has attribUted to the language of his Majesty. In the eyes of impartial men, the publication which has just been made will prove only one thing—the abuse of a gene rous confidence, which has been appreciated, and the in - justice of suspicions which have been made the pretext of a disastrous war, for which, ha:t it not been for them, there would have been no cause." THE BALTIC. , . COPEI'HAGEN, April . 20. —The Alban left our Roads this afternoon to ..pilot five •French ships through the Belt to Copenhagen. By the 'new captures the number of - Rusiian vessels taken has been increased to 'ten. COPENHAGEN, April 17.--Tile Tribune frigate, Captain Carnegie, arrived here yesterday afternoon with 65 to 70 prisoners taken from the Russian and Finnish merchant vessels captured. One vessel was captured off Dago Island, four. between Goth lands and . Riga, and another near Bornholm ; all of them Finnishiships. The first was taken on the 9 th,a couple more on the 1 ttli, and the remainder on the 13th inst. The cargoes consisted principally of salt, olive oil, and a little wine. The crews are exceedingly fine-looking men. The Tribune passed the fleet on its way . to Guttska Sound, near the Faro Islands. There was still some ice in the Gulf of Finland, but not enough to interfere with the cruising of the frigates watching the Russian move ments. HAMBURG, April 17.—The British Minister at Copenhagen has just announced officially to the Government that Sir Charles• Napier, having en tered the Baltic, has orders to employ all necessary means for enforcing and effective blockade of the Russian porta in that sea, and in the Gulf of Finland.. • The Minister of Foreign Affairs has,announced this important fact to the mercantile community, recommending them to avoid the dangers to which they would be exposed by infringing the regulations established by the British Admiral. More than once statements have been made that all was notright with King Oscar's declaration of neutrality, and that a secret clause: only permitted four armed ships at once to visit any fottified Swedo-Noiwegian harbour. These statement. howeVer were considered exaggerated- It was thought impossible that the - . son should re peat the crime committed by his father, mutely, sell Finland to Sweden's enemy for money. It now appears that this shameful accu sation is. true. Besides the Swedo-Norwegian- Danish declaration of neutrality—issued with, such cowardly hatte, and so decidedly favourable to Russia, but which was at once and•magnanimously acknowledged by the Western Powers —a, secret, agreement has been 'entered into with Russia, by which au obsolete enactment, forbidding more than four ships at once 'to enter a harbour, has been restored, and the same extended also to Norway. This act is - not only base treachery to England and France, but it is illegal in Sweden, and doubly so in Norway. It treats the Swedish Parliament with contempt ; but it does more for Norway-4i, treats that whole country as a mere province 01 Swedem, Toe manner of executing this notable manoeuvre has been as mean as the trick itself. There •has been a regular shale of•cards. The very Norwegian Ministry has been duped and deceived. All this has of course excited great alarm in'Chris : - tiania. Fortunately the Parliament is sitting, and this has saved .Norway and . the North from ruin. Harbitz, the president of, the Storthing, deter mined to ascertain the truth of the rumours he had heard, and applied to the members of the Norwe • gian Cabinet for information. It now became evi dent that the illegal engagement had been entered into, and that the necessary orders had been sent to ther commandants of the several ports-and for tresses, among the rest to Christiansand and Flek kero,.altliough theie two harbours were not even mentioned in the declaration of neutrality. On these facts being thui ascertained, the Norweeian' Parliament held a secret meeting on Saturday, the Bth, when Ueland brought the whole affair under discussion. This meeting was adjourned till the,fol lowing Monday, when Ueland demanded that the house should summon, before it in private State 'Councillor Bloch, through whom the Obnoxious . orders, had been given. After six hours of stormy debate, a majority of 54 to 52 decided that the question should be again adjourned till, the fourth day i n - Easter. The; large' minority was entirely of the opinion of the majority as to the facts, but they would give more time, for on the preceding Saturday the Norwegian Ministry itself had petitioned his Majesty for a satisfac tory explan a ti on o f t hi s mysterious circumstance. The Western' Powers- must act in this case with energy and rapidity. All these crowned slaves of Russia must be complied to declare them selves. Prince Oscar has visited Carlskroha. ' After examining, the arsenals, docks, &0.,, in com- Tan)* with the Belgian- Minister (Beaulieu), he repaired to the fortress of Kingsliolmen. Major-General von Essen has been sent out on a secret mission to Vienna.. The public is told that h e is . to- congratulate the Emperor. . his _ approaching 414rri.a,gq, .The 4, Swedish Governui-nt, has ivmle , l decly.ratlon ou t,:w rights, and duties of Swedish subje - eti with regard to the contending Poweii. 7. It 'forbids privateers, &c., and defines contraband of war to be " cannons,..mortars, all kinds of arms, bombs, - grenades, balls, flint s , mathes, powder, saltpetre, brimstone, harness, spears, sw o rd-b e lt s , car t r i.igs- boxe:,, saddles, and "'riffles, and anything of. this kind useful in War;" exclusive, however, of what may be it quired by the crew for its own use. This. document is in 13 . sections. War now being ,de clared, King Oscar has 'ordered 'the harbours for bidden by the neutrality to be closed to all foreign ships of war. But in this announcement .no men tion is made of the secret article agreed on in favor of Russia. - - - THE WEATHER-IN THE BALTIC. Subjoined are the latest advices relative to th• state of the navigation in the Baltic : BOOARAA, April 11 (Noon).-=-As a heavY &nit .of ice in the river is' likely-to take place shortly, the'ves sels that have wintered here are now being hauler' into the Whiter Harbour,- In consequence of the heavy of snow, there is nothing to be seen seawards., The SW channel is Still firm, - and -the ice appears to lie on 0 0 ' ground.-12th, On. ;—Thisporning there were several _vessels in the ice close off-this port,- atnongst them iota° loaded Norwegian jacks and"Nloops. The Gulf is pour pletely covered with large masses -of ice, and the ice la the Sea . Channel has everywhere heaped itself till it lies on the ground- ; 20 vessels in sight of the harbour. Vin ci N.N.W. Temperature . 5 deg.' of frost. Depth - of wa r in the Sea Channel 18 feet -Dusch.--(Afternoon):' The ice lies as far -as the Tiefe,_ heaped up together to the extent of 15 to 20 feet, and there must be a .strong land wind to get it fret. . CONSTANTINOPLE, . • - CONSTANTINOPLE, APRIL 10.—Th e arr ival of British 'troops on. Turkish ground to defend. the Sultan and his dominions against unjust aggression , ends the first 'a.lt 'of this eventful drama., A batta lion .of Rifles , and• the •greater -part.'.of,- the 4 4 th Regiment, reached Gallipoli in the Golden oEo o °2_ and hardly a d a y w ill now pass without ivy fleecing some addition to the ranks of- an anal , as' well _ equipped -and disciplind, if - not as numerous, as any th a t ever Left---The shores England. The French are also arriving in. large numbers, and are makitig every exertion to ac commodate the large reinforcements which are on their way or prepared to embark. Some differences appear to have atisen between General Canrobert and .Rustem.Pasha with respect_ _to -the_ provision made for the reception of the allied troops. It complained that ,nothing has been prepared for either officers or men, aud.the General has expelled' the dervishes-from their convent f u r the purpose (11. converting the building into • an 'hospital. step has been blamed by some as likely to ()iron the feelitms of the' people • but of that there is little probability. The dervishes dii,not stand high i n -a-ny-one!s -opinion bu t-- wn, looke d upon with dislike by all but a few fanatics. The want Of efEient interpreters in - the army will be very great. .Scores of men might indeed be pick e: I up capable of conducting the correspondence between Turks and Englishmen ; but it is needless' to say that these cannot be depended-upon..., The,' are to a man partisans 'of the enemy ; • and eve/ movement of our troops would. probably Be known to the Russian Generals. It is perhaps, too late recommend the stuly of Turkish to those about tai . rake-part-in the-present-war,. blit. those-capable mastering the lan guage w i t hi n a f ew mont h s mig h t find exoelleut employment for their acquisition, an t ' render great servic e t o th e i r country. It is ont the question, to att em pt t o read the character O first ; ‘inde:,..d, such a course wou ld b e lik e that with a foreigner learning E n gli s h an d c o mmenc i ng , short-hand. Lord Carlisle arrived on the sth by the Fr e l l. steamer, and left two days after for Varna. Th e / Niger sailed for the sam e pl ace on th e even ing the .7th, but niust have met with .very. Weather, as all that night it blew a . perfect-P i ll The weather is n ow beautifully tine, riot a clou d tobe seen, and, th e sun ' s heat atiniddat is oPPPI sive in the e x t r e me. In a fortnight we shall 9 11 d 6; venture out i n t h e even i ng, and for threetAo2ll/ English visitors w ill- h ave .to support a -clima t e a most tropical. • The following is extracted from another Counfr' — ' tinople letter of -the 10th inst. :--- " The.news of the' declaration of war-with Russia by England and france,•whiCh had b een here f,r some cisl.l pas now' been Officially cdrumunicated t o th e B r itish s; :French residents. at C ons t ant i nop l e. In this War t os maller Powers - must take' their choi ce . Wh o is ° o with us is against u s . Th e gran d struggle between a'„... tern progress and civilisation and northern barbarl!,, has commenced , and w ill ou t wei gh a ll other cons ideri o tions. The Greek population of Thessaly a n d EPirti.„a and inde e d th e Ch r i s ti an i n h a bi tants of Turke4 ."11; zeneral, have muoh and good re ason t o cornPet i . They are an o pp re aSed peop l e. - kit has beea "b • endeavour of Eegle.nd for years to ameliorate thel t condition ; and- just at the most propitious motile ° . for the r ea lis a ti on of these views, whi c h h ave !loo s;. %men uppermo s t i n th e min d of the enlightened rePri . ' ,i' sentatmves of Gre a t ''Britain at the - Sultan's Court, take advantage of the war with Russia to rise in - reb'l l lion. The Greek insurrection is Worth more that! It army to Russia, and it will have .to be put doWn• cannot be said that the Turks will be able us& of themselves. ' is very probable that the insure tenon will sp rea d to Thrace' and Bulg a ria.' The Tint mil Government _evidently afraid of disorders hre',:„. ing out at Constantinople, and the strictest nieSseli r have, been adopt e d 'b y t h e -p o l ice. Patrols a ant lantry a n d cava l ry perambulate the streets, svery person has to be at home by eleven e'clecul oight. It is to lie hosed that the B, itish and re o, armies will soon be here in 'toto. They are failt,. to riving at th e D ardanelles. They will have enough the h o. mme It will reqpire a ve r y large' force to mipirse 0 4 dva of the Rassiaris by Occupying Bulgaria ; there is no use disguis-kg the fact that the iissurrec ti o t ef. the Greek populatien of the Tnrkish empire is's m O ssrions matter, with,a Russian army of from 50,9 00 d e 60,000 men on this side of the Danuhe. Thel' i Ld already masters of -the Dobrutachs.,..-that_piece k . " - 0 ; bordered by the Black Sea, and, as it were, nut-off be. emend in the Danub e . If t he army unde r Omer Paco, is defeated, th e consequences will he very r eerio be Uidess an Anglo-F r e nc h force, afreamly stationed A t t o, root of the Balka ns t o s t op t h e ' prmigress of the Rees' .a los what will do so ? It i s , h owever, to be hOped that vill at any rate be able to hold out' until the A" French armies have arrived, '• " Omer Pacha Was at Siiistria when b e recel. . the first news of the passage of the D an ube 0 ,0 Galatz. . Some partial fi g ht s t oo k p l ace at (littera .points on time Danube', at Potbachi, M a t sc hi n , Tuitsc,e3 and Tchatan Bournou. Timese were evidently attereP ole by the Russians in order to mask the passage A t t he latz. O m e r Pacha weeunder the imp ress i on tbs" of Russians purposed advancieg quickly on the ee ntre o . his line, and breaking it. Ile, therefore,, ordered o is army m f the 'Dohrutseha to retire and .conoentra t feet the Karassu, he himself retreating upon &hamlet leaving strong gal risons at Silistria and Rustchuk. t, "Time Russians h o ld th e D o b rutscha at this naoreeloi, My private lett ers reac h to the 3d April, from Solinte,j and do not m en ti on any engagement or further Pot valve of the Russians:. I therefore do n o t place /O w l .confidence in the report that is . generally cireal'io mbout Constantinopl e of a defeat' of the Turic i/ 00 he Dobrutscha. The lurks admit a l oss o f . a bout of , , „, neu in tne nilterf-nt efigsgements that took place 0° ,4 0 0. Dauube. The ambrutsciia may, be said to. hay .. . r egs ibandoned fry the Turks for r eason s of strategy.mod Bey'Was wounded in one of the engagethents._ "Three thousand of the ggvntian troops that srr i t to here the other d a y h ave b een sent .as reinfore.oo6344 the garrison at Varna. Redgeb Bey coining - as torce. ° "The occupation, of Kalafat by trot large force of d of 25,000 to mop() men greatly w ea k ens the arT-700, which O,ner Pacha has the command ; and svc, s hot told froin a good source that the greater _NO °L tea force will be withdrawn from thence, and coneest r* r r it' Scinim'a. From what we le mrn here, frOtn I' 2oo ish quarters, it is evident that the Ottoman, tro t in tee Dobrutscha have suffered a defeat. log ° to say that the Basishazouks (irregular horsemen' .pe a ' 'well greatly misb e h av i ng t h emselves 'everywhere, 8.1,04 cially in the Dobrutscha. These men are of no 118e 'ooll' commit the greatest excesses. The little t ow n 0f atlf tendje has been sacked by these marand‘rs, and Pala ournt. A letter of the Bth, from Varna, ,wisiet a jest b een s h own me, says,---, 'Time horrors 'cumuli° o pt 'he Tart ar a of t h e D o b rutscha - an d the bagi.base ore anu the adva nce o f th e R uss i ans , cause great 00° s . ' " A considerabledepOt of arms and gunpowder o t discovered here last week, ip a Greek house, ands many arrests have been made in conseqnenee. • In "The publication of the private comes on tot nden, 00 which the secret views of, Russia . w ith - regard 0 Turkish empire are exposed, has not failed to er ea 04 04 great deal of consternation' am ongst the most inte"lT,,re Ilf class of the Greeks. It will not, how eve r, mate . , e influence the masses who h ave risen against theirbu do 'litany antagenist and conqueror, the Turk, and ! : 0 0; not much trouble themselves about the projeete' blishment of a Byzantine empire, provided they, pay t h e ir old score of enmity.- temp placed The Sultan ha s or de red a house at Thertifie te f eoer° placed at the disposal of the British engineer (1 1 ,1itig li here. He h as likewise orciermA two large bum cos' at Bechik-Task to be prepared for the Duke tits!' bridge and the Pi ince Napoleon. lam inforfae-5,00v 10,000 British troops will come to Constantinople , 0 to be quartered at the barracks of Doud Pache, a ir i 4 ck , -dueller numb er over at Scutar i , in the great barrsoll Asia, Th e comm i ssariat officers are very bully , 1 4 ° commtracts for the necessary supplies-10,000 O " day' , neat eat and b rea d have been ordered for ever y l la 0 ' Reschid Pacha demanded that e ith er a Briu s iv French force mihiuld be sent to Varna. Tb ia e nd alter the destination of the forces ; indeed, o ue ) change so every day, that it is impossible to . b et' with certainty upon how the armies w ill be dist rl o j r Dr I regret t o say that Reschid Paella, the Turk' g e rbil !lister f or F oreign Affairs, has of late been s ti r ; j an from indisposition. He is, however, muc h bett e g . "n Wedne s d a y l as t, L or d stratford de Bedeli sptes General Baraguay d'Hilliers had a very 19,10 i to ok!view w i t h 'hi n t at, his private r es id enc e. •aa S to ok!llkat,. the -treaty .of alliance between TurkeY con prix alie the: 4te. dro COLT Itar' Stft ( ro Tht :.to t T offic . 1 Star. EMI lon i Pru its • the • bass Pet, by E pert 16t1 Vies the subj dish The , miff as rune the n that be ti • 1,1, The r SUp their Vito Ti von ] Pacl rtur n . tow s , fello R ue . ; ' fla g that has 1 of ti] Posai of ti • blik 4usi * Wilk !tot less 1 lette to tic , — tem er.' the, • th e • tie tots govei Prop clear] act I( provi , Thus tocol in fai of th • of .thi unite As I Lath West of thi arid dare miser attrii the treat again Pow, mods than tow a lon g Berli l egiti lent. Ti Jou; pr, ge ref • tic