The Sun. — London, England, 1863-09-11 00:00:00

THEATRE ROYAL DRURY -LANE.- Manat,rers, Messrs. Edmund Falconer and F. B. Chatterton.—The Publ!c is respectfully Wormed that the above (the National) 'theatre will be OPENED t ,r the WINTER SEASON, on SATURDAY NEXT, new 12th, when will be produced an entirely new and r Comedy, by Edmund Falconer, Author of " Extremes," " Woman." " Peep o'Day," &c., entitled NATURE'S ABOVE ART : A Romance of the Nursery, in w hi c h Messrs. Walter Lac y , Addison, Ryder, Barrett, G. Belmore, F. Charles, Neville ; Miss Charlotte Saunders, Miss Murray, Miss R. leclercq, Mrs. Melville, and Mrs. Ed mund Falconer. assisted by other artists, will perform. After the Comedy will be presented a Popular Farce, prin cipal characters by favourite members of the Company. Fox-office open from Ten till Five daily. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Lessee, Mr. George Vining. Open under the Management of Mr. Walter Montgomery. TATS EVENING. Massim, , er's Play of A NEW WA'f• TO PAY OLD DEBTS. Sir Giles Overrea , h, Mr. Walter ontg-omery ; Lady Allworth, Misa Atkinson. 'To be followed by FAMILY JAILS. Commence at 7. ti EA. I'HE-R0 YAL, AD EL eid.l. bole ProDilutor and Mank:er, MT. B. Webster. THIS EVENING (^d week), at 7, a new comic drama, THE mil.; AND CHICKENS ; or, A Sign of Affection. Messrs. Billington, R. Phillips, Stephenson; Mrs. Stirling and Miss IL Simms. After which, at a quarler-past 8, the new drama of THE HAUNTED MAN; OK, THE Gt OST'S BARGAIN, in which will be exhibited Professor Pepper's adaptation of `he Great Spectral Illusion. Messrs. J. L. Toole, R. Phillips, Sefton. C. J. Smith; Mrs. Alfred Mellon and Miss H. Simms. Followed by a new Burlesque, entitled ILL-TREATED IL TROVATORE. I>IF ssrs. Toole. P. Bedford, R. Phillips, ]ibnrne, C. J. Smith, Romer ; the Sisters Nelson, Carry and Sari, and Miss K. Kelly. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Manager, Mr. W. H. Swanborough. THIS EVENING, HIS FIRST CHAMPAGNE. Mr. Leigh Murray. Followed by (47th time) THE MOTTO, " I'M ALL THE ttE." Messrs. Honey, Turner, E. Danvers, Collier, Clifton; Mesdames Ada Swanborough, F. Josephs, Maria kiimpson, Wallace, and Jenny White. To conclude with TURN HIM OUT. Mr. Turner, Miss Thorne. Commence at 7. TVHE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," _A_ Containing . the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, can be had Every Evening - of G. R. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, • No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. - _ HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAs. —Morning, Ih. 2m.--Afternoon, lh. 21m. To-uoßsovr.-Nlorning, lh. 40m.—Afternoon, lh. 59m. The Weather—Sun Office, Sept. 11, 1863. T11E11.740) 1 E'VE R. 58 This mortal:l7 This day at Two o'clock GI Barometer-30.13. Wind—lV.N.lV ; moderate, and fine. 4 - I,ff j otr...4kzontek LONDON, FRIDAY, SEPT. 11, 1863. i The quict irony of " S" i n our leading contempo • racy must be rapidly rendering his contributions as distasteful to the Federals as those of their own wilful " MANIIATTAN." The initial must sound to Yankee ears sarcastically sibillant. " MANHATTAN" often blurts out the unpleasautest truths, home truths that must perforce be doubly and trebly unpleasant, when discussed at the hotel bars of Washington and New YJrk over modest quenchers in the guise of a mint julep or a cocktail—because coming avowedly from the lips, or rather from the pen of a partisan. But with "S." it is altogether something very different. Liverpool is the placc he hails from, it will be ob served. It may be taken for granted, we presume, that he is no American, neither from the North, nor yet from the South—but that, on the contrary, he is a right-down, plain-spoken Englishman. Then it is, as we began by saying, the very quietness of his irony, that gives so much poignancy to its sting. The perfect self-possession of his manner in jotting down his commentaries quite deliberately, must be something frightfully irritating to a Northern ; must rcnder his calm insinuation of a sneer, when ever they fall upon genuine Yankee ears, as agree able to that same genuine Yankee, as though his palate had been suddenly drenched with gall and wormwood. Among the latest of these penetrating, and surely intolerable gibes flowing to all appGarance from a pure love of, minhief on the part of S., is the casual remark with which he opens out upon his old enemies, the Federals, to-day, in the manner following :—" The City of - Washington," he says, "reports the capture of two Federal gunboats on the Rsppahanncck—a curious fact, as the Confederates have nothing afloat in that quarter, and must have taken them by attack from the land.'' And he adds, with an air of scornful incredulity that he takes no trouble whatever to conceal—" We are also informed of the seizure of 100,000 bales of cotton at Natchez. There was some moderation in not calling this 1,000,000, which sounds much larger, and only takes one or two more ciphers of type." Now for all those barbed and poisoned arrows of ridicule perpetually hurtling about them from all imaginable quarters, the Federals have simply and solely and wholly to thank thcmsalves‘ They have to thank their own flagrant and noto rious mendacity. Their own aptitude for "piling it up mountainously." Their own passion for what we are accustomed to call in this country, a wilful perversion of facts and an unseemly preference for exaggeration and antipathy over telling the plain, bold truth. When" S." flouts them for not putting down 1,000,000 instead of 100,000 —he de rides them not out of any perverse spite on his own part, but because of the systematic mendacity notorious upon theirs. He is merely uttering in a few plain words the obvious thought of thousands. They might just as lief say 1,000,0 00 as 100,000. "All's one for that"—to them—just as it was of old JACK FALSTAFF when, with his lips pet wet from the flaggon, he protested to Prince HAL, :th an oath, that he had not that day tasted sack Bt n arY• If we were to have believed the Yankee a tenie.ut .. s after Gettysburg, MEADE and his plela were T and his EE def eated to make short work of Confederate army. Whereas—ever since Gettys burg—tht ducted :hia :federate commander-in-chief has con any seriou s molestation, 7 whithersoever he listed without his own head,:litatil3n, has recruited it, has chosen a r tors afresh, and has prepared quite deliber ately , for a choice of his own future operations. Th e since his victorious vaunted U M s EADE all the while ac ting, success over the South, s i mp ly upon the detcnbi ing of Fort Sumter into Again, the crash ing taug ht to believe b y the s was, we were exultant Commentators tidins upon that news, directl y the glad of the fa ll of Sumter had g reach ea w as hington—the fall of S norter New York and was to lead the assailing Federal force, almo into Charleston. ._ht. by a hop, skip, and a jump, into babilities there, however, appear to be fadi ng out rapidly before the a dvance of the autumnal, and the prospect of the wintry season. All we can d o is to wait, and watch, and listen to the accounts brought to us from time to time from the side of the Federals, with as much credulity in the accuracy of their assertions as those same Federals have left us. At the Liverpool School of Science, the QUEEN'S Prizes were delivered by Lord STANLEY. His lordship made a most interesting speech, and intro duced several instructive topics into his discourse. He explained the object and purpose of the insti tatiao, which were to promote the general know ledge of science. He said, truly enough, that it was idle for a man to walk though a collection of interesting objects in art and nature without being able to understand them. It was also felt that it was not suitable for a town like that, the centre and capital of the commerce of the north, to have no special institution to teach science. Lord STANLEY remarked further on that in Liverpool they had not suffered from the American war to any very con • 81- derable extent, and, indeed, some had been gainers; :but still all had felt that they had a paramount .claim on them superior to that of education "in the sufferings and privations of nearly half a mil lion of their fellow-ecuntrymen." To this cause he attributed the fact that the funds of the institution were not so prosperous as might have been de sired. Still the attempt had not been a failure. Se many as 12S had attended the lectures, and the students who had gone through state examinations had passed in the respective numbers of 41 from 43, and 31 from 33. Therefore, the best use had been made of the resources. He would touch another point, and mention that institutions such as these often get connected with some particular sect or party, however freo and unfettered may be their opening course. But science was " neutral ground," and he might say that this institution had been formed and continued without in any way passing from its ostensible object. But, his lordship aptly remarked, if it were otherwise, perhaps, they might have fared better. In most men there was some of the fighting instinct, and it was often strange how the love of good was stimulated by a little oppo sition. For them, however, things were doubtless better as they were, for, if they excited no enthu siasm, at least they had no prejudices to encounter. They had nothing to do with politics, with religion, or social controversies, than that they be lieved that the more scientific training was cul tivated the less likely any one was to become the sort who injure any cause they take up, hot headed, narrow-minded, mischievous enthusiasts. This is very correct reasoning, as it is never from the class who is the most highly cultivated, or the most reflective, that the violent notions proceed which do so much damage to all who are connected with them in any way, whether in concert or in opposition. If it was asked what was the aim pro po„d by such a school as that here referred to, he would say that its result was two-fold. In the first place, it decided to impart a number of the principles which they had to apply to men ocsu pied in various pursuits, it taught them to work as men, and not as machines. This is certainly a great desideratum to be achieved, and one that is sure to prove advantageous to a large and influen tial body of men who, working in their several arduous vccations, are great national benefactors, and are well worthy to enjoy that pride and pleasure in their engagements which gives the truest zest to labour, and makes the skilled artizan as great in his way as any king that walks the earth in pride. LORD STANLEY then said that the institution had another object, to provide a more special culture for those who fall into loose and vague habits of thought. Into this very comprehensive subject he did not mean to enter, but he would remark in passing, that he had long believed that even in the education of the upper classes those who were supposed to be the " brain-workers as opposed to the hand-workers of the community, too much time is given to the study of the works of man, or too little to those cf ❑ature." Lord STANLEY further illustrated his valuable remark by instancing how an English lad might go up to college after having carried off the highest honours of a public school, who is skilled in the compilation of Greek and Latin verses, and yet cannot tell why water runs down hill instead of up, and how the heating of water in a boiler enables a ship to move. His lordship went on to say that he disparaged no kind of culture, and indeed felt kindly disposed towards pursuits that he once followed himself, but he did not see why one pursuit should altogether supersede another. In the best foreign schools the case was different, and in intellectual training we were behind them, if we were superior to them in moral and physical discipline. This is very true, and the sooner these mistakes are rectified in our publi c seminaries and colleges the better. These is no reason why a more extensive style of teaching should not prevail, and the results are sure to be beneficial to all concerned. Lord STANLEY justly observed that almost all great in ventions, and especially those in manufactures, were made by men who had risen from the racks. People might say that if they succeeded so well, why should their successors need improvement? He answered that they did not know what might have been done, and " Brain Power," was too rare and valuable to be allowed to run to waste. These toilers and searchers after truth might be wasting precious time for want of right information, and be like men who lost their way in dense forests, who did not know that within a few yards there was a good road leading to the desired end. There was no room hero for the usual objection what was to be done with the trained man when they got him. Every manufacturer in Lancashire would ask what was his use and value. The demand exceeded the supply, in fact. Lord STANLEY concluded his inte resting speech by saying that they must look to in dustrial science as a means towards the develop ment of a higher civilisation. The slavery of man to man was terrible ; but there was another kind of slavery, that of those whose sole existence was an unrelieved struggle to supply their wants. " What they need is to have a portion of their work taken off their hands. To this end w© are daily progressing." The winds of heaven, the waters of one rivers, the force stored in our coal fields, arc multiplying a thousandfold the power of human muscles, and giving leisure for human thought. There was no reason in the remarks constantly made that machinery was unpopular; the history of science was the history of improvement ; it was the conquest of man over nature, "of intelligence substituted for brute force, and skill for toil ; of life lengthened, disease rendered less severe, leisure more abundant, knowledge more ample, and men better fitted for those high destinies which, we believe, it is the purpose of Providence they should fulfil." A more fitting and appropriate conclusion could hardly have been made to this highly in structive discourse, on a subject, too, which so intimately and materially is connected with the interests of all. An interesting ceremony took place on Wednes day last in the town of Dundee. On that day the People's Park, the noble gift of Sir DAVID BAXTER to the town, was formally opened to the public. A general holiday was observed in the neighbour hood in honour of an event which promised such great and substantial benefits to all future genera lifts of citizens. Such gifts are happily not so rare in —elm days as to be matters of wonder, but they are not respect a national work. The co mmon enough t o dep rive them of int erest import ance, and the l arge and liberal spirit in and which th e Present und er t a ki ng h as b een carried out render s i t in every hearty cheer s of fellow -citizens must have carried the gratifying assuranc e to Sir D AVID B AITER that his munifice n t donation g be held had given uai versa l sa tisfaction, and that hisparnla N7'll lon ntpar in the day's deserv edly in honour by the residents Another spectat or, who took a pre in Dundee. pro ceedings, must h ave bee n m uc h t in terested by them. Earl RUSS ELL, 'Who is staying in the neighbou rhood, was invited to be present o n the occasion, and to receive at the same time th e freedom of the town from the hands of the Corpo. ration. The eulogistic address with which the gift was accompanied, and the allusion made to the achievements of his earlier career, must also have _ been gratifying to his lordship, Comparing the past with the future, he must watch with interest the vast moral, religious, and political changes which have taken place in Scotland, as in England, since the days of the Test Act and the Reform Bill. There is room undoubtedly for some self-compla cency in the mind of any man who took part in those great movements which have made us what we are ; but we cannot help thinking that Earl RUSSELL appropriates more than his due. "I have been happy," he says, in acknowledging the compliments paid to his political career, " I have been happy to contribute humbly to the victory of those eloquent and distinguished men who were foremost in the cause of Catholic emanci pation—who won for the people the great battle of the repeal of the corn laws. With regard to the measures in which I had a more immediate part in preparing—the repeal of the Corporation and Test Acts ; in framing a plan for the reform of our muni cipal corporations—l have been studious to build upon the ancient foundations, to adapt new mea sures to existing laws, and to put them in harmony with the institutions of a country justly proud of its liberty." Such a character might have been true of Lord JOIIN RUSSELL ten or twelve years ago, but it is not altogether recognisable in the Earl RUSSELL of the present day. Religious toleration is happily no longer a matter of discussion—but what of political reform ? The adaptation of "new measures to existing laws" is somewhat at a stand still. It is difficult to avoid remembering on such an occasion that the present Liberal Administra tion has left this cardinal point of liberalism un touched ; that at first loud professions filled the place of practice, but after a time even these died out and left an absolute blank. Even Earl RUSSELL does not trouble himself any longer with talking about his love of reform, and his desire to see the great work happily accomplished. He has now taken up another line, and plumes himself upon the recollections of the past. The popularity of Lord PALMERSTON may be, as his noble colleague asserts, just and universal, but it was certainly not enhanced by the circumstances under which he came into office, The change of administration by a dexterous political move was made under false colours. The urgent need of a Reform Bill, wholesale, comprehensive, and con clusive in all its clauses was professedly the great question of the day. The Tory measure, which though faulty and limited in its scope, was still capably of adaptation to the national requirements, was dismissed with sovereign contempt. How could such fervent Reformers give a moment's tolera tiou to a partial and temporary measure. The victory was won, the helm of State changed hands, and all men watched to see the great results of the Liberal accession to office. But, watch they might. Session after Session has gone by, measure after measure has been proposed, debated, or carried, but the New Reform Bill remains among the things of the future. It is not to be reckoned among the achievements of that Cabinet of which Earl RUS SELL is so conspicuous a member. The " strict impartiality " which Earl RUSSELL prides himself on having observed, during the American struggle, is also open to criticism. Whether the end of the chapter will prove that England has acted a part worthy of her, may reasonably be questioned ; but at least it is unfair to talk of rigid impartiality in a case where non-recognition of one of the com batants was virtually affording substantial assist ance to the other. It is fortunate that our Foreign Secretary still plumes himself upon the re flection that " British law and British justice " are safeguards and securities—a fact which British merchants and shipowners had begun to doubt. Whether they have afforded much protection to the owners of the Peterhoff and the cargo we may leave those gentlemen to answer, but, with a damaged trade and crippled commerce, having offended both belligerents and left other neutrals to step forward and take the lead which our position gave us, we need not boast too much about the happy conjunction of " peace and honour." Earl RUSSELL when he kept out of the range of politics was happier in his address. His suggestion as to the occasional employment of the new park as a playground for the schools of the town, was accom panied by some just and sensible remarks on tne importance of duly interspersing study with re creation —a fact too often overlooked by the instructors of youth. The bow never unbent is an old comparison, but the lesson it teaches is not yet fully learnt, and the startling assertion made by the inspectors that the children who were at school ifuuslltiotfutsiloigugsesftoiornsthtoe thcehidldirreecutorosfoftahceadewme halt time lea r n e d as muc h as t h ose at whole time, is i a e l s t h a i n e d r a n y d , s tu well cu to un givecount lo a n g listh hours u r o s f thedev devoted t t e ud i d et to du closepursued classes. application p p elliactcahs t o ion ; b u t w h o knows how much is lost g p u or is t e a d n , ce hu o t f slowly rrhe re i c m o under that apparent ga i n ? such questions is becomin g it will be some time yet before it is fully appre ciated ; and " the youngest Burgess of Dundee" did good service when be bespoke for the youthful students of the city the use of the People's Park." The Steam-Rams in the Mersey. Some doubt has been cast upon the statement which we made a few days ago with reference to the steam-rams El Alonastir and El Tousson, in course of construction at Mr. Laird's yard. We can only repeat our certainty of its accuracy. The GJvernment have given notice to the builder that the ships will not be allowed to leave the Mersey, and if it is fcurd that thtir construction is con trary to the terms of the Foreign Enlistment Act, they will be se.zed as violating its provisions.— Morning Post. w THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING-, SEPTEMBER 11, 186fi. THE PATENT GHOST, We have been favoured , t , li N e a i t n u s r p a e l c inspection c f k a . n , old transl a ti on o f the work by John Bap tista de Porta, in 1558, upon:kwimithritten It was translated into English in 1658. The fol lowing passage , in the 17th Book, will show that Professor Pepper's Ghost is not new because it is patented :—" How we ma y See in a Chamber Things that are not.--I thought this an artifice not to be despised; in, see those things for if a man look ; wherefore, to t describeba t weren ev h e i r k th h ere . ; and there is n o man mistakenwillthe think he y t there be a chamb er w h ere i nto no ot h er light comes unless by the do or or w i n d ow w h ere t h e spectator looks in ; let the whole window or part of it be of glass, as we used so to do to keep out the cold, but let one Fart be polished, that there may be a look ing-glass on both sides, whence the spectator must look in ; for the rest do nothing. Let pictures be set over against this window, marble statues, and such like; for whet is without will seem with'n, and what is behind the spectator's back he will think to be in the middle of the house, as far from the glass inward as they stand from it outwardly, and so clearly and certainly that he would think he sees nothing but truth. But lest the skill should be known, let the part be made so where the orna ment is, that the spectator may not see it, as above his head, that a pavement may not come between above his head ; and if an ingenious man o this, it is impossible that he should suppose that he is deceived."—Building News. [More remarkable even than this—as an antici pation of Mr. Dirck's and Professor Pepper's Patent Ghost—because the account we are about to ref er to may be found in a work of great fame and popula rity : f ar more remarkable than the above is the fact that thi s v er y o pti ca l illusion i s fully explained (illustrated the e , too, with several c ever woodcuts) iv Natural Magic" of Sir David Brewster.—ED. Sun. The island of Monte Christo, which owes its cele brity to Alexandre Dumas' popular novel, has just been chosen by the Italian Government as a penal settlement, LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) THE BANK OF FRANCE. PARIS, SEPT. 11. The Moniteur of this morning contains the usual monthly return of the Bank of France, which shows the following results, as compared with the August account : INCREASE. Francs. Cash in hand l3l millions. Bank-notes - millions. 2 Treasury balance DECREASE. Bills discounted, not yet due 191 millions. Advances ............ 10 1 6 millions. Current accounts AUSTRIA. VIENNA, SEPT. 11. The Grand Duke Constantine has arrived here and was received by his Majesty, the Emperor, at the railway station. THE POLISH INSURRECTION. LEMBERG, SEPT 10. In the recent engagement with the Russians, Lelewel was left dead upon the field, pierced by two bullets. ITALY. TURIN, SEPT. 10. The evening papers announce that the king wil; review 51 batteries of artillery on the 20th inst., on the plain of Somma, after the other reviews have taken place at Milan. GREECE. ATHENS, SEPT 5. Owing to di squ i et i ng rumours the National Guard is still nightly kept under arms. Distur bances have t a k en p l ace i n Messenia. PRANCE. PARIS, SEPT. 11. The Constitutionnel of this morning . says : "The law -suit between the owners of a French and an English ship, which was to have been tried before the court at Sunder:and, has been transferred to French jurisdiction at the request of M. Drouyn de Lhuys." _ _ TOULON, SEPT. 10. The Annamit e am b assa d or s arrived here yester day eve n i ng . the harbour. A salute was fired by the shi p s in The ambassad ors w ill di s embark to-day, and will be officially received by t h e aut h or ities. The capt a i n of the frigate Aubaret w ill ac t as interpreter t o t h e em b assy . BOURSE, Sept. 10,—The market has not shown much animation. Prices at the commencement of business were rather lower, but they have since rallied, and are now about the same as yesterday, Threes having been last called at 68f. 75c. Railway Share Market quiet, with but little change in quo tations up t o this hour. The market close d as follows : 1 per Cents 96 -- Do. end month 3 per Cents . 68 85 Do. end month 68 80 Credit Mobilier..., 1197 50 Do. end month Bank Shares 3390 Credit k oncier l4OO Italian Loan 74 Do. end month 74 05 New ditto Do, end month 73 75 Russian AllStrl3ll .•••••• Spu,ni,h Threes.,... 53 Home Debt ...... . AYB. Cash. Account. Orleans Northern New ditto ............ , — • • -- Lyons and Mediterranean 1040 .. 1035 G eneva ............ Southern Western ...... Eastern 5lO .. 510 Sardinian 426 15 .. 430 Austrian ..... • Lorphard North of Spain ...... Saragossa.. Ditto to Barcelona RA IL' R 0 M E. The Morning Post says :—" The great subject of interest in Rome just now is the approaching pro cession, which is to take place next Sunday, by express command of his Holiness, in order to ani mate the faith of the Romans in the Saviour during the present grievous necessities of the Church and State. With all the pomp and splendour which the Roman Court can confer, the venerable image of the Saviour, preserved at St. Peter's in the sancta sanctorunt, will be solemnly carried to the church of Santa Maria Maggiore, and a week after to that of St. John Lateran for a halt o f t h ree d ays more, before returning to the Vatican. Tile Car dinal Vicar has put forth a long i nv it o sacro to t h e Romans on this subject. I extract from this docu ment brought he followinging passa ges David c‘ Like the sacred ark with solemn pomp of Zion, let the a d ore d image t into the city of the Saviour traverse the streets of Rome. Let us all turn towards it and repeat w i t h h um ility and faith, ' Ostende faciem tuam et salvi erimus.' Let it be introduced into the Basilica sacred to the Vir gin, and there listen to the prayers and vows of his blessed mother Mary, instead of our prayers and vows. . • It is the will of the Holy Father on this occasion that particular prayers be offered up for unhappy Poland, Which he now beholds a scene of slaughter and blood. The Polish nation, which was always Catholic, and a bulwark against the in vasion of eiror, certainly merits our prayers, that it may be freed from the evils which a fil ct it, and, never losing its character, may remain always faith ful to the mission entrusted to it by God, not only to keep, but also to guard intact and inviolable, with the unanimous consent of all who compose the nation, the banner of the Catholic faith, and the religion of their fathers." AUSTRIA. The Constitutionnel publishes under all reserve the following details on the faith of a letter from Vienn . a:—" The Emperor of Austria, in taking in hand the cause of reform, was far from e x p ectin g that his proceeding would have been interpreted in a sense hostile to the neighbouring States. What the Austrian Cabinet wished was to deprive the reformist agitation of its object, and to satisfy the legitimate aspirations of the people. It is only necessary to throw a glance over the pro ject of reform, to be convinced; that it strictly maintains the bases of the compact of 1815—the Federative principle and the sovereignty of each member of the Confederation. If this project be compared with the plans set forth in the pro gramme of the Nationalverein, and with the unionist ideas of Prussia in 1850, it will be seen which of the two modifies the international situation of the Confederation such as it has been established by treaties. The unitary and Prussian projects wish to replace the Federal Council by a single head ; the Austrian one maintains that Council, represent ing the 35 sovereigns, and developed in the spirit of the compact of 1815. The unitary projects demand a Parliament directly elected by the people, that of Austria proposes an assembly which would only be a central committee of the 35 particular Parliaments. It is almost unnecessary to insist on those differences in order to point out the conservative character of the project presented at Frankfort. Mach has been said about the famous Article 8, which would, it is said, oblige the Confederation to take part in all wars which Austria might carry on in her quality of a European Power, but it appears to be forgotten that the article in question is only a reproduction of a corresponding one in the final act of Vienna of IS2O. It confers on the Germanic Diet the right of taking part in a war of that kind, if any danger threatens the integrity or the independence of Ger many. Article 8 of the Austrian project has only repeated that fundamental clause, but, far from in creasing the guarantees which Austria might find in ii for her non-German possessions, it dinii nishes them. According to Article Bof the present project, there must in such a case be a majority of two-thirds, that is to say, of 12 instead of 9 out of 17 votes. It is, moreover, well-known at Vienna that the idea of obtaining from the Confederation a guarantee for the non-German province was never thought of in the Austrian reform project. The experience of the past proves that, in case of danger, Austria must rely on herself rather than on the as sistance of the German States. if a last proof were necessary that the Reform project brought forward at Frankfort little favours the policy of international centralisation, it would be found in the fact, that the Hungarians, who are the adversaries of such cen tralisation, have applauded the project which, if carried into execution, would necessitate changes in the centralising constitution of the 26th Feb., and favour the idea of the dualism which is the dream of the Magyar party." PRUSSIA. The following is from a Berlin letter of the 3d : " Great agitation still prevails in the capital, and ' indeed throughout the country, and the public have not yet recovered from the surprise which has been caused, less by the act of dissolution of the Chamber, than by the motives Count de Bismark thought fit to bring forward in its justification. The Austrian propositions are, indeed, detested here, but the ministry and policy of M de Bismark are not for that reason rendered any more popular ; on the contrary, public opinion is irritated to such a point that any liberal concession, offered at the present moment, would be generally looked upon as an insult. That the Government should have not yet promulgated a new electoral law causes not less surprise, for every one is aware that under the existing regime the new Chamber will be still more radical than the preceding one, and must be consequently short-lived. At the most, the feudal party may succeed in introducing into the Chamber a score of members in place of the eleven which were in the last Parliament. Every one is, besides, convinced that it is not the fault of M. de Bismark if a new electoral law, based upon universal suffrage, the system of ministerial candidates, and the obligation for candidates to present themselves for election only at the place of their legal domicile, has not yet been decreed. The King it is who is opposed to that course. He labours under the delusion that the ovations made to him, and the deputations and addresses of loyalty which the retrograde party have had so much diffi culty in organising, are really the sincere expres sion of the popular feeling. The King therefore energetically refused to have recourse to that ex treme measure ; he is determined to make a last appeal to the patriotism of the people, and even should that attempt fail, of which no one except himself has the slightest doubt, he will not change the electoral law. He is, it is OEM, decided on rather suspending the Constitution by declaring the country in danger. There are already indications that the most advanced men of the Radical party, as, for example, M. Jacoby, of Kee oigsburg, and others who have until now held aloof, are about to present themselves as candidates, and with every prospect of success, whilst it is probable that the chiefs of the old Liberals, such as MM. de Wincke, d'Auerswald, and the Count de Soh werin, will, if re-elected, only save their seats by close majorities." The probable turn which the dissolution of the Chamber and the forthcoming elections are likely to give to affairs in Prussia, is thus speculated on by the Debats :-- "The German journals are all occupied with speculations on the dissolution of the Prussian Parliament. What is the tendency of that im portant act ? Whet will be its results ? What are the King's intentions ? What will become of M. de Bismark ? Every writer answers these different questions in his own way. The jour nals of the Feudal party pretend that the Crown has never been on better terms with the Ministry ; that the King is as little inclined as ever to tolerate the encroachment of the Lower House, and that, it the appeal now made to the electoral body should not return devoted deputies, he will suspend the Constitution. They add that the Government already possesses, and will not refrain from using the means of restricting the electoral agitation within narrow limits. On tht other hand, the Liberal papers declare that in spite of the difficult position in which they are placed by the system of warnings, the least unfavourable result thatcan happen for the preten sions of the Crown, will be the re-election of the old deputies. It is to be remarked that neither the Feudalists nor the Democrats think the King dis poeed to modify the existing composition of the electoral body. But, in any case, there cannot be any doubt. The only thing as yet certain is that the elections will be with all parties a protest against the Frankfort resolutions, that the most evident intention of the Mi nistry in dissolving the Chamber of De • puties has been to provoke a national manifestation, and that Austria is getting seriously alarmed at M. de Bismark's skilful manoeuvre. There is also an• ther fact which might be affirmed if the excited state of the public mind in Prussia justified the ex pectation of some little wisdom and coolness on the part of the Prussian opposition —namely , that in thus cleverly operating against Austria, M. Bismark exposes himself to a total political defeat at home while securing his diplomatic successes abroad. The Prussian electors have it in their power to consolidate at once the tottering constitution of their country ; they have only to elect deputies who will accept a compromise on the question of theday, the military question (wh ich would satisfy the King), and who would stand firm on all the matters seriously involving the principle of parliamentary prerogative. Unfortunately the constituencies seems in many places rather disposed to push things to extremes than to strengthen , b y a moderate trium p h, the r eal victory they have obtained over the ministry ; for it certainly is a victory thus to have compelled the Bismark Cabinet to etibmit its fate to the decision of the electors. It is already said that MM. de Vincke and de Schleinitz will not be re-elected, and that the ultra-radical candidates will be pre ferred to the pure constitutionalists—a very wise and logical conclusion assuredly, if the Prussian nation is determined to establish a republic, but very impudent if it intends to retain the monarchy." The Colosseum. The exhibition of the splendid panorama of Paris by night and the colossal cyclorama of Lis bon, representing its destruction by the earthquake in 1755, terminate with the present season, and then the Colosseum, which has for thirty years been one of the most favourite and fashionable resorts in the metropolis, passes into the hands of the workmen for the purpose of effecting extensive alterations and improvements. To those who have not yet witnessed the extraordinary productions just mentioned, a gratification is in store that will long be remembered with pleasure. In addition to the above wonderful specimens of semi -art, there area number of other very excellent entertainments, foremost amongst which stands Mr. David Fisher's "Facts and Fancies," i❑ which this talented come dian assumes a number of the most amusing and eccentric characters with the greatest effect ; the ❑arrative of the plot of his drama "The Mysterious Malediction,' for instance, consisting of a series of the most tremendous "sensations." Mr. George B uckland's " usical Gleanings" is also exceedingly interesting and instructive, and elicits the most un bounded epplause. What with the Stalactite Caverns, the Swiss Cottage, and other equally at tractive objects, a round of amusement is presented for the " nimble shilling" certainly without parallel in the metropolis. FEDERAL SCALPING.—In the course of the Federal expedition of this suintuer under Gen. Sibley against the Indians, the State of Minnesota actually made an offer of 25 dols for Sioux scalps. The Indian chief, Little Crow, was shot by a farmer on the 40a of July, while pick ing berries, and word being sent into Hutchinson his scalp was taken by a party of soldiers, and was brought to the city of St. Paul, and 25 dols were received for it. it has since been tanned. The " scalp clause" has, however, been recalled, and in subsequent operations against the Indians Colonel M'Phail had to tell his men that it was very bar barous to take scalps ; but the colonel took care to add that he should not believe a man had killed an Indian unless he "showed the hair, and enough of it, so that another lock could not be takeia from the tame head," A NOBLE ATLAS. The Family Atlas. Constructed by eminent Geo graphers, under the superintendence of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Containing Eighty Maps. Stanford. In the present age of general discovery and in vestigation, the possession of atlases and books of reference becomes an almost universal necessity, and the peculiar accuracy and fidelity of those works are more than ever matters of very essential importance. "A little learning" is, proverbially, "a dangerous thing," and insufficient or perhaps erroneous information is an evil of very serious consequence. Several new Atlases, and new editions of old Atlases, have recently been published to meet the growing necessities of the times. Amongst there one of the very best has been issued by Mr. Stanford, being the Useful Know ledge Society's Family Atlas, corrected to the latest date. This very excelleatand valuable publication contains no less than 80 maps, beautifully en graved, with a very admirable geological map of England, by Sir Roderick I. Murchison, F.R.S. (whose name is given, by a curious ellipse on the title-page, as simply Sir I. Murchison), and six celestial maps, or star maps, representing the two solstices, the two equinoxes, and the two poles, these six maps having been designed for the Useful Knowledge Society by Sir John Lubbock, Bart. l'he maps of Paris and London are corrected almost to the present day, while the old map of France, divided into provinces, is also given—amap, this last, so useful for reference to the student of history and even to the reader of romance. The map of Italy represents that country as an United Kingdom, but it defines also the ancient landmarks. The track of the Peninsula and Oriental steamers to Calcutta and Hong Kong is very carefully traced out. The map of India is excellent, the railway routes being all clearly marked down, whether already completed or only as yet projected. Ancient Palestine is the subject of one very interesting plate, while another delineates the Palestine of to-day, to which is added a plan of Jerusalem. All the new French settle ments at the mouth of the Camboja are fully given, and another map comprises the British Provinces beyond the Ganges, Arracan, Pegu, Penang, and Tenasserim. In addition to this we have a distinct map of the Malay archipelago, and a very useful series of plans of all the chief islands and groups in the Indian Ocean. Among these are the Nicobar and Andaman Islands, which latter will be regarded with peculiar attention by all who have perused Dr. Mouatt's very interesting revelations. There are also the Mauritius and Bourbon, as well as a map of Madagascar. A separate map of the Japanese islands deserves particular notice : in it the ports already opened to our merchants are all clearly marked, as well as those which are to be opened later on. The recent discoveries in Africa, again, are most elabo rately and carefully defined. A new map of the Empire of Morocco, with a plan of the city of Morocco, are welcome additions at the present mo ment. The map of North America represents the States as still United States. British Columbia and Vancouver's Island, with the rival boundary lines of San Juan, are fully given, as is also a very admirable chart of all the Polynesian groups. The track of Burke's expedition across Australia will be fol lowed with interest; it is minutely defined. In fact, it is impossible to praise too highly the great care end the extraordinary elaboration of detail visible throughout the entire Atlas, Nothing could by possibility, as it appears to us, be more distinct and yet more delicate in the man • ner of its manipulation than the touch of the graver as everywhere applied to these eighty beautiful engravings. The minute lettering is wonderfully clear, although occasionally approach ing in the more crowded pages, to the microscopic. Tete refined hair-like lines of the rivers, with those, yet more refined still, of their numerous tributary streams, it would be hardly possible to excel in their combination of precision with unobtrusiveness. Not a map in the volume before us is in any por tion of it confused or jumbled in the smallest par ticular. And the merit of this transparency, so to 'peak, of the web• work of outlines—sprinkled over plentifully with the explanatory lettering of the mimes of places, continents, countries, provinces, water courses, mountain ranges, isthmuses, promon tories, cities, towns, et cetera—we ought here par ticularly to add, is enhanced in its effect by the exquisite and, so far as our knowledge of other atlases, enables us to judge, the very unusual soft ness of the colouring. As in a skilfully mixed salad, with its suspicion of shalot, its hint of such another ingredient, its faint idea of this or that highly-appetizing flavour —each map here is, one might really observe, touched into chromatic beauty by a notion, let us say, not of red but of pink, by a di m suggestion not of saffron, but of a most deli cate tinge of primrose, or by a vague conjecture, so to speak, not of blue, but of the very faintest lilac tincture. The greenish hue, but doubtfully dis cernible at the deepest as a hue, along the various coastlines, pales off imperceptibly into the whiteness of the excellent paper (almost cardboard) upon which all these maps are printed. As to the scale upon which each map has been drawn, it 18 adhered to, in each instance, with mathematical precision in all the proportions of distances de pendent upon it. Not an instance has yet fallen under our notice throughout the whole atlas in which there is any indication of blurring or indis tinctness. The engraver, the printer, and the colour -Ist, each in succe ss i on , h as acqu i tted h i mself admi rably well in carrying out the scheme of the various eminent geographers whose energies have been de voted, with such uniform and harmonious ability, to the fabrication of an Atlas worthy of appearing, as this does avowedly, not only with the Useful Knowledge Society's approval and sanction, but under its direct and immediate superintendence. Amongst all the eighty maps in the volume, the geological map, Sir Roderick Murchison's map, is the most gorgeous in its colouring, as if to mark out the more unmistakeably the broad distinctive lines of demarcation between the various geological formations. Among all the eighty maps comprised within the substantial covers of this nobie Atlas, moreover, the one solitary folding map is the very last of all, namely, the one giving within it a com prehensive plan of oar own gigantic metropolis. To add to the convenience of the work as a book of reference, it is cut and lettered on the margin like an office book, so that any map can be found at a moment's notice without our having to turn over the whole world in search of it. The cheapness of price for which, among other things, the volume is so very remarkable, places this valuable Atlas within reach of the many. It is calculated to form a most useful addition to every home and school library. THE WEATHER AT SHIELDS. Wednesday Night. —The weather in the counties of Durham and North umberland has been extremely fine to-day, warm and sunny, with a brisk breezy from the west. The farmers in these counties have been actively engaged in leading home their corn crops from the fields, or in reaping that which was left standing at the time that the recent rains came on. The night is bright and starlight, with every prospect of settled weather. On Monday most per sons connected with agriculture were almost desponding of the corn crops being ingathered in a sound state. The do lighttul change in the weather, however, if it continues, of which there is every hope that it will, will afford the far mers who are sharp enough to embrace it a fair opportunity of stacking their crcps in a tolerably good state. The Court of Assizes of ,the Haute-Loire has just tried a young man, named Sappet, on a charge of wilfully wounding his wife's father, M. Mandelly, an upholsterer, residing at Le Puy, by discharging a pistol at him. It was stated in Court that the pri :e n li e er r, b a y tinraadne on , 0 1t 1 jealous and su s pi c i ous t e mper, married Mlle. Mandelly the Bth April last, and though himsel f a je was arranged that he should become a partner in his father in-law's business, and live in the same house. The marriage proved a most unhappy one, and constant quarrels took place between the young couple, During one of these scenes M. Mandelly happened to enter the room, an d t h e prisoner discharged a pist ol at him, inflicting a slight wound on the cheek. The prisoner instantly a ft erwar d s discharged another pis tol at himself, but the ball merely grazed his ribs without doing much injury. The prisoner did not deny that he had fired the shot which struck M Mandelly, but declared he had no murderous intention, and was at the time so excited that he knew not what he was doing. He had loaded the pistols v.ith the intention 01 committing suicide. His father-hi-law had never inter fered between him and his wire, and ho had no animosity against him. The jury, tal.ing a favourable view of the case, brought in a verdict of not guilty, and the Court or dered the prisoner's immediate discharge. t i gn rt cianTat HER MAJESTY. The Queen left the Rosenau on Monday night at half-past 10 o'clock, with Prince Alfred, Princess Helena, Prince Leopold, and Princess Beatrice. The Duke and Duchess of Saxe Coxburg came over to the Rosenau in the evening, and took leave of the Queen. A special train conveyed her Majesty, the Royat family, and suite. At half-past 7 o'clock on Tues day morning, her Majesty arrived at a station near Darmstadt, where Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse were awaiting her Majesty's arrival. The Queen and Royal family immediately entered Prince and Princess Louis's carriage, and drove to Kranicbstein, a seat of the Grand Duke of Hesse , now occupied by Prince and Princess Louis, where the Royal family spent the day. . Princess C. or Hesse, with Princess Anna and Prince William' and Prince Alexander of Hesse, and Princess Bat tenberg, visited the Queen during her stay. The Queen drove through Darmstadt in the afternoon. The Ladies and Gentlemen in Waiting went on to Darmstadt. At 10 o'clock in the evening the special train Wes again ready at the Darmstadt station, and the Quee n and Royal family continued their journey toward s Ant werp. At half-past 7 o'clock on Wednesday morning the King of the Belgians, with the Duchess of Bra' bast, met the Queen at the station at Malines, an d having got into her Majesty's carriage, acconaP a " nied her Majesty to Antwerp, where the train arrived at 20 minutes past 8 a.m. The Queen breakfasted at the station, and having taken leave of the King, embarked on board th e Royal yacht Victoria and Albert in the Scheldt. After a fine passage the Royal yacht anchored la Margate Roads at 7 p.m. The Vivid and the Trinityhouse yacht Irene au' companied the Royal yacht. • The o.sberne and Black Eagle followed. THURSDAY, Sept. 10. At 6 a.m. this morning the Royal yacht weighe d anchor, and steamed up to Greenhithe, where the Fairy was in waiting to convey the Queen a nd Royal party to Woolwich. Earl Granville returned with her Majesty in the Royal yacht. The Fairy arrived alongside Woolwich Arsenal at half-past 11 o'clock, when the Queen and Roy al family disembarked, and immediately proceeded to Windsor Castle, where they arrived at 10 minu tes after 1 o'clock. The suite consisted of the Marchioness of 1 5'' the Lady Augusta Bruce, Lieut.• Gen. C. G rey ' Colonel Sir T. M. Biddulph, Major Cowell, P r ' Jenner, and Mr. Buff. The Princess Louise, attended by Lady Caroline Barrington, the Hon. Horatia Stopford, and Colon el Hon. A. Liddell, and Prince Arthur, attended by Major Elphinstone, arrived at the Castle yesterday afternoon. The Queen will hold a Privy Council to-naorr ovr (Saturday) at Windsor Castle. THE PRINCE AND PRINCESS OF WALES AT .A.Oll - the past week his Royal high ness the Prince killed five stags, while her Royal ness the P:incess had her accustomed drives, fishing e rl Dee, and sketching in the neighbourhood. Oa Friday t "" royal party and suite drove by Ballater to Burn of Va' commonly called Rob Roy's Cave. A few of the domesitii2o servants about Abergeldie being sent away previous s provisions, a fire was lighted, potatoes and other vegeta cooked, and an excellent luncheon was partaken of bY royal party beside the cavern. Afterwards her royal Mo th ness was busily employed sketching Loch Kinnord, Devon, and adjoining scenery. They returned through Ballater in the afternoon, where a number of the visitors turned out to get a look of the royal couple when. Changing horses.—.l3anishit e Journal. - - The Grand Duke of Baden visited Plymouth oa Wednesday, and, accompanied by the general commanding in that district, proceeded in the Princess Alice to inspe ct the breakwater. In the evening the grand duke left O r Toi quay. His Excellency Sir Andrew and the Hon. La d y Buchanan have returned to Brown's Hotel from Scotlan d ' Don Jose de F. Gargoilo and Don Nicolas di Ojesso have left Ectwards's Royal Cambridge H otel George-street, Hanover-square, for Paris, on their way t° Madrid. Yesterday, at St. George's Church, Lord LondePt borough was married to Lady Editha Somerset, young daughter of the late Duke of Beaufort. Despatches were sent yesterday from the Colonial' office to the Governors of Canada, Malta, Ceylon, li c" Kong, Labuan, and to the Lord High Commissioner of tne Islands, THE LATE LORD CLYDE.—We are glad to se ° that a committee, including his Royal Highness th e Pl'S' of Cambridge, has been formed for the purpose of raisD 3 g memorial to the late Lord Clyde. THE KING OF DAHOMEY, when visited by Co ra : modore Wilmot, was reclining on a raised ela is e i about three feet high, covered with crimson cloth, smnkly`; his pipe. One of his wives held a glass sugar-basin i ° r him to spit in. He was dressed very plainly, the oil, part of his body being bare, with only a silver chain 110.1 ing some fetish charm round his neck, and an unpretencall° cloth round his waist. RIDICULOUS POPULARITY OF SPIRITUALISM IN FRANCEI-At the very time when M. Renan's iniP i° „ ll o book is all the rage among our Galilean neighbou rs / fewer than 17 books on magetism, spirit-rapping, Wil l:13113 0 f ism, and mesmerism are announced on the paper cover the translation into French of M. Home's memoi rs, 50 Tint it is, says the Saturday Review, in noticing this fact, tli"0 people are most gullible when they boast of being t greatest esprits-forts. ~it 0 PORTLAND BREAKWATER!—On the suta---- the island, when the works were began, it Vitkro roughly reckoned that 20,000,000 tons of rubbly der We i 4 lying useless. Out of this material, during the lag years, the convicts have sent more than 6,000,000 toll°, down the inclines. Trains of iron waggons have roll° out some 3,000 tons a day along the vast timber stagil3s; which supports several lines of rail ; and thus, by 01 ,5, „ ° degrees, the whole of this stupendous mass has "tipped" into the sea. It now forms a bank, 100 feet Wit and 300 feet broad at the base, well nigh as indestru ctible by wind and weather as Portland itself. FRENCH. Hops.—llop-picking has commenc ed se the north of France, but the yield is not so abundaz t as opt expected. Sales of this year's crop are effected A t f i r 103 f to 110 f the 50 kilos. The stock of 1862 is comi'lele exhausted. WONDERFUL CAVES OF ARTA IN MAJORCA"; These caves are situated in a chain of hills, covOr!ici with pines, mixed with abundance o f arbutus and 0/' flowers. The mouth of the caves—formerly there were " V° l but, since they have been artificially united, there is nov/1": reality only one—overlooks t he sea, and the a pp roach to 11' is by a path cut out of a precipitous mass of m01 03 : 11' 1 , limest , ne, leading up t o a fli g ht of ste p s, at th e to p of vqbleo is a majestic arch , m easurin g 140 ft. from t he c rown to t),O base, which gives entrance to the cavern. The P ila f) having prepared his lamp of three branches, which g e/ a ° very good but y et insuffi cient light, we en tered, °- pass ed on after him, from chamber to chamber, 1 3,8111 :0 which were at different levels, but all connected by steps or wooden staircases. It is impossible to giv e a ),"tio idea of the marvellous beauty of these lofty chambers. calcarous deposits are of gigantic magnitude and 81 : e t o varying shape. Sometimes they have the most groteotr4f appearance ; but usu a lly they p re sent familiar forms'. 14 :; the entrance I saw what looked like trunks of larg e trees, apparently decayed with age, and I struck them vg , t e my stick, to be assured they were not wood. More Or monly the stalactites assume the form of date trees, alei3clio% towards the middle, as the date palni often ls' sl to rough bath, and tall stems. At times, they clu ng i a roof and sides, like leaves and flowers delicately ellisvjoeff out of alabaster.." t other times, reaching front floor to rill,°- they showed like tile massive pillars of a Norman chn i• or the clustered shafts of a later and more graceful 111-oof tecture. Heavy pendants or bosses front assisted the illusion of a Gothic cathedral. 'lir are many chambers, which have cash their . 0 " tinctive character and name. In " the H all of the irgitl, there is a tall majestic fi g ure standing on a high ped e- to and when seen under peculiar ligh t, holdin g what seestielix be a child in her arms. There is "the BaptisterY ," its capacious font ; and " the Hall of the Pulpit, hero s v ,'", er o , only wants the figure of a pr iest to g ive it reality. l : is " the Hall of the Organ," with its many parad e I' l and contiguous pipes, w hich, when struck with a bow-cit., g ive cut musical notes of almost metallic sweetness an din t, r i ety. Th ere is "the Hall of the Banners," each Pell- -01 from its own staff; "the Hall of the Curtain," massive ,14 a nd " the Hall of the Theatre," with its re e 4 e3 soofibidoxfoldes,s; w h e re the people of the neighbourhood seu'ellaid. as semble for a ball or a pic-nic. But the variety i 3 less. I had heard touch of the wondrous extent a nd VI" 11 . " 4 of these halls, but half had not beentold m e,—Poi 1 / 2 ' 21-aforca,