The Sun. — London, England, 1864-06-16 00:00:00

ARMS TRO :TWORTH, The competition between the 12-pounder field guns of these rival artillerists is fast approaching a conclusion. The greater part of the programme has been gone through, and the Special Committee feel their labours sufficiently advanced to commence practice with the 70-pounders. It would have saved much time and trouble if these latter had been taken first, for, as we have often stated, the principle of rifling and manufacture which suffices for a I urge gun will, as a matter of certainty, be enough for a small one; but what insures accu racy and endurance in a 12 pounder may by no means answer in a 70 or even a 40 pounder. Thus, then, now that the trials of the field guns are draw ing to a close, and some result may be expected from the competition—though not a very marked or decided result in guns which have kept so close throughout—the dictum of the committee, what ever it may be on the light guns, will still want the final confirmation which only the trials of the heavy guns can give. Neither Sir William or Mr, Whitworth would derive the slightest benefit from being declared the undisputed victor in this field gun, contest, if they failed to maintain the same supremacy when their principles were developed by application to large ordnance. It is a large shell-carrying, armour plate piercing, rifled gun which is now wanted, and the competitor who best supplies this deficiency will win the honours of the contest, though, commercially speaking, the de feated competitor will carry off the point. Both Sir William and Mr. Whitworth have received over tures from almost every important Government to be supplied with their ordnance. Not a si ng l e Armstrong gun has gone abroad , though the Whit worths have been freely supplied to various coun tries, who are certain now eagerly to compete for the possession of whichever of the two is second best in this trial, for, of course our own Government will keep the best for themselves. Though, as we have said, the result either way is not likely to give any very marked superiority to any gun, yet it will be sufficient to show the public which is the best, and enough is known of the artillery of other countries to make the Government feel certain that the best gun of these three is sure to be better than any we yet know of. Upwards of 2,500 rounds of shot and shell have now been fired from each of these ordnance, or rather more than three times the number of rounds which woald be sufficient to destroy the old brass smooth bore field piece. Each of the guns, of course, shows signs of wear—in fact, the wear commences with the first shot fired, and with accurate measurement may be regularly traced after every 100 rounds. The breech-loader, perhaps, shows as little signs as any. Its powder chamber at the base of the shot is en larged, and that part of the programme which in volved the bursting of a certain number of shells in the gun as it was fired has in one or two placed serrated the edges of the rifling; but this is all, and Sir William expresses himself confis dent that in endaranee it will be equal to any, This gun, it will be recollected, shot comparatively ill at the commencement of the trials ; and cer tainly so much worse than any other common breech-loader of the same pattern in the service as to make its performances quite unaccountable to the officers at Shoebury. The lead coating of the projectile was always stripped backwards, so as to form a concavity almost the size of a teacup at the base of the shot or shell; and this, of c , urse, was most detrimental to its accuracy, and was what had never been observed to take place in any other guns of almost the same kind. During the last two or three weeks, however, this peculiarity has entirely disappeared; the shooting has steadily continued to improve till the accuracy of the piece is now equal to any of the three. These strange changes, which were unaccountable at first, have lately received a very simple solution. All the service breech-loaders aro made of welded wrought iron coils, and the severe proof to which they are subjected before passing Woolwich used to enlarge the powder chamber about the 500th of an inch. This competition gun, however, has been made with an inner tube of steel, which did not enlarge at once on firing; hence the nip the lead -coated pro jectile received on starting, which stripped the softer metal back like a cup, and affected its accu racy of flight most seriously. But during the long course of rounds to which it has been subjected the steel tube has yielded gradually, as the wrought iron one would have done at once. The powder chamber is now enlarged to what may be called its proper diameter, there is no stripping back of the lead, and the accuracy of the piece, especially with shell,is as perfect as could be wished. The condition of the grooves of the shunt gun is as perfect as the day it was first fired. There are, however, traces of considerable corrosion or guttering in the powder chamber at the base of the shot, which has roughed the interior surface of the gun at this particular part. The metal, instead of being clean and smooth, resembles morocco leather in the labyrinth of minute channels into which it is worn. This wear appeared early in the gun from the want of a wad at the base of the shot to prevent the gases passing it on the ignition of the powder. Since the use of an oakum wad the progress of this " guttering" has been re duced to a minimum, and there are no other marks appearing. Mr. Whitworth's gun has been several times revented—that is, the screw which contains the platinum touch-hole has been taken out and re placed by a fresh one—an advantageous operation, which was always easily and quickly done. The crack in the metal, which early appeared near the vent, has extended in length, and slightly deepened. Beyond this the gun shows no signs of use. Thus, then, all three pieces have marks of wear and tear— the two Arnastronss giving tokens of the beginning of a gradual decay, which, as in the course of time, it slowly but surely progresses, must affect their accuracy, the Whitworth having a flaw the depth o f which may be immaterial, or, on the other hand, if serious, may at once effect the existence of the gnu. The competition has now gained th at stage that the shooting for range and accnracy is entirely over, and only the extra and somewhat fanciful experi ments of turning into ditches, &c., remain to b e g one through. Some important experiments are being, and will continue to be, made as to the destructive effects of shell, to which, as they progress, we shall in a few days have to refer at length. Wh , , o , these tests are got over both Sir William and Mr Whitworth will be permitted to show the ve,lue o their pieces in any special or extraordinary manner they may think proper, after which they will be fired with gradually increasing charges till they burst. Tho tests for range and accuracy which have been completed with the field-guns have been made with gradually increasing elevations, from pointblank range, at about 300 yards, up to 10 deg. of eleva tion, or 4,000 yards. At 4,000 yards the diminished resistance of the smaller and longer shot of Mr Whitworth enabled it to beat the Armstrong i n length of range by nearly 400 yards, but as regards accuracy, the trial has been wonderfully close, if one may judge by the complete series of parallelo grams which have been made out by the committee. These parallelograms, when seen on the tracings, show in inches the precise amount of superiority of every gun at every range, so that the most superfi cial glace is enough to show any one who can un derstand figures what the gain or loss of each /fern has been at each stage of the competition. But though this so IS very 0%,/, to see on a t rac i ng, i t i s b y no mans easy to con voy to the general reader a similarly clear i mpression in these columns, We shall, however, endeavour to do so, as the subject is one whichcught to i nterest all, f or every farthing of the expense of this most costly co mpetition is defrayed by the public, who will be the ultimate gainers or losers, according as the best gun i s chosen or not. All the guns, when eampeting for range and a ccurac y, were carefully l a id by spirit level at precisely the same elevations, and fired alorg a range which was marked with stakes a t every ten yards. Thus the spot in which every shot fell was measured to a foot, and its lateral deviation right and left recorded with equal accuracy. If eTrery gun had bee n an a b oo:utcly perfect and in fallible weapon, and had been fired in a vacuum, each would have thrown ail its shot in precisely the same spot ; but as none, of course, are abso lutely perfect. and as the flight of the projectiles was affected by the wind, it followed that the same —_, gun fired at the sam e e l eva ti on, and with the some charge, threw its shot to the right or the left, longer or shorter, in a slight but still easily recog nisable degree. The difference between the shots which fell shortest and those which went furthest forms the length of the parallelogram, and the extreme difference between those which made the widest deviation from the true line of fire deter mines its breadth. All these parallelograms have been carefully reduced and drawn to scale side by side, so that the merits of each performance can be seen and ascertained by measurement. There have been 34 stages of the competition in all— namely, 12 with solid shot, 11 with segment shell, and 11 with common shell, and out of these trials, judging by the tracings, Sir William has won 14 times, has been second 11 times, and been third nine times. Mr. Whitworth's gun has won 13 times, has been second 10 times, and has been third 11 times. The breech-loader has been first seven times, has been second 13 times, and has been third 14 times. So far we have used the terms "first, second, and third," as being the most conve• nient, but they really convey no proper idea of the relative sizes of the competin g parallelo grams, and we expect that the hardest task the committee has got will be to determine the figure of merit which shall properly assign the degrees in which each gun has been beaten at the different ranges, Thus in firing solid shot, which is its proper missile, Mr. Whitworth has sometimes won by making a paral lelogram only about one-tenth the size of either of Sir William's; and, therefore, to call Mr. Whit worth's first, and Sir William's second and third in such a case, would not be at all fairly to represent the amount by which Mr. Whitworth had been vic• torious. On the other hand, in firing shell, which is the only missile now used in field service, and the only one which Sir William's guns were made to fire, both his weapons have won by making paralle lograms almost 50 times less than Mr. - Whitworth's; and here, therefore, to call the Armstrongs first and second, and the Whitworth third, would be most unfair, looking to the manner in which in these competitions Sir William's has beaten Mr. Whit worth's gun. Again, if by another method we add up the areas made by the parallelograms of each gun, the result is almost equally unsatisfactory. In this case the areas of the parallelograms of each gun with solid shot and segment and common shell would stand as follows : BREECH -LOADER ARMSTRONG, Solid shot Segment shell ••• • • • Common shell Sq. yds, 2,770 •. 2,001 2,099 Total . • • • •• MozzLE-LOADING ARMSTRONG. 6,870 Solid shot .. .. Segment shell .. Common shell .. Sq. Yds. .. 3,052 .. 4,306 •• 1,770 Total .. 9,128 Sq. yds, 1, 900 .. 3,940 .. 7,683 Sheerness Steam Reserve, hai been appointed tender to the Trafalgar, 72, screw steamship, 2,700 tons, 500 horse power. Captain Charles F. Schomberg, coastguard ship at Queen's Ferry, in the Firth of Forth, in the place of the Mistletoe, now at Sheer ness, which requires extensive repairs. The half-yearly examination of engineers and assistant engineer students belonging to the factory, was held in the dockyard on Monday, Tuesday, and yesterday, under the superintendence of the Rev, Roland Wilson, dockyard chaplain, Mr W. Rumble, inspector of machinery afloat, and Mr R. S. Crock ford, instructor of engineers and engineer students at Sheerness. Fortyafive engineer officers and 36 engineer students were present at the examination. Papers of questions prepared by the Rev. J. Wool ley, LL.D., one of her Majesty's inspectors of schools, were given in geography, English grammar and composition, French, arithmetic, algebra, geo metry, trigonometry, statics, dynamics, hydrosta tics, chemistry, and on the steam engine. The Lords of the Admiralty have ordered the Caledonia, 35, iron-cased screw steamship, 4,125 tons, 1,000 horse power, Mr Henry S. Ley, master in charge, now at Sheerness, to be taken to Ply mouth to bo docked and brought forward for com mission in consequence of there not being a dock large enough to take the vessel at Sheerness. The Caledonia will leave Sheerness about the let of July, 1 • DENMARK, A letter from Copenhagen, dated June 12, says: —Those fidgetty English tourists, who do not know what to do with themselves at this season, can do no better than come and spend their summe. a e. months on the Ores un d. Th ere can hardlej, be greater pleasure in these bright days, ;'With b eg i n to be deliciously warm even i n D' steam up and d own th e So enmark, than to So- - b y Ophelia, or Haml e t. Pt' the Horatio, ease three little steamers two coasts from M a l mo to Copen co Elsinor e an d H e l s i ngford, morn hp a l y g e between n, and . h e n the ee morn ing and eve:sling. The shores on either side are edmewhlP:c tame and lowly, and will not bear coin parisAl with the rugged sublimity of some of the Great Mediterranean straits. But the scenery has a charming homeliness of its own, nevertheless. The two countries, politically sundered for so many centuries, woo each other most tenderly, and as you approach Elsinore the Danish and Swedish head lands overlap each other as if in loving embrace, and the beholder is at a loss to tell where his eye rests 0,11 a Scanian and where on a Zealandian land shape. The -vegetation on either side is luxuriant • beyond belief, and the magnificent timber spreads its drooping branches down to the very surface of the tideless waves. The Lake of Geneva, where it contracts itself into the narrow channel of the Rhone, has not purer waters than are to be seen in these ever-flowing currents; and nowhere is the sight of white, glittering sails more animated and enlivening than in this silent highway of the Baltic. The steamers that waft you along are clean and comfortable, the traffic is carried on with all speed and in the best order, and the company getting in and out at every station is the best looking, most interesting, and sociable you may wish to travel with. lam sure only to see the rosy cheeks and golden hair of the hundreds of well-dressed Danish girls on their way to and from the different watering-places on the Sound is a treat well repaying any trouble it may cost a Londoner to come all the way from his dingy Thames and from the coal begrimed wharfs of Gravesend .reach. - Whatever cloud may rise on the political horizon of Denmark, the sky on the Oresund is, and has been for weeks, as bright as the brightest in the south. These Dines are a buoyant and sanguine race ; in the worst plight they hope for the best, and while the London Conference is disposing of them with prolonged armistice, schemes of parti tion or personal union, they seem only to think that summer and sea-bathing wait for no man. They live by the day, the twenty-hour solsticial day, and put eff the cares of the future for that gloomy winter season which may be better fitted for sackcloth and ashes. This short spell of genial, warm weather is the Danish carnival. It is the season in which they indulge in those quiet, rational amusements which best become their ,sedate nature and the thorough civilisation peculiar to them. Sea-bathing is ith them the greatest luxury. The streets of Copenhagen are empty. The whole population, from the King to the humblest trader, are out for a dip. Such watering-places as the Sound everywhere affords are not to be sought in Great Britain either on the German ocean or on the Atlantic coast. The influence of the Gulf Stream is not felt within this inland channel, and the water is as deliciously ice cold as the stoutest eerves can desire, the sands under feet as soft as velvet, free from all gravel and shingle, and the diver can be seen fathoms deep in the transparent element as distinct as if he were floating in air. Bathing-houses or machines are hardly needed. Yet just look out for the loneliest nook anywhere along shore ; you step from the green sward into the rippling waves ; you flounder in the water or bask in the sun on the grass with alter nate enjoyment. Your whole being becomes as am phibious as the country itself', a country truly nacer-umsehlungen, where land and water clasp each other in the closest embrace. 'Who shall number the multitude, men, women, and children, who are sure, this blessed Sunday, to plunge from the margin of the Klarnsenborg strand on the skirts of the gorgeously verdant Deerpark ? From which of the hundreds of tidy villas along the Sound shall not the fair inmates issue forth in their long-flowing gowns, metamorphosing for a few minutes a nymph into a eyren ? From Copenhagen to Elsinore every village on the coast is a watering place ; every country house is a bathing -house. Yet, if the whole sound is a bathing establishment, no doubt Elsinore is its capital. There is hardly anything in the world, I believe, that will bear comparison as a Bade-Anstalt with the Marien lyst, a short beyond the Queen of the Sound, just beyond the glacis of the Kronborg. From the glacis of old Hernia's eastle there stretches along shore a wide, long meadow, smooth and green as a billiard table, so wonderfully level with the sea that you wonder by what invisible law it is held in obedience to the fiat that parted land from water at the beginning of the world, On your left, as you look up to the Cattegat, you have fine, swelling knolls, with such masses of green foliage as all the parks of old England can scarcely match —masses of foliage so rife with blossoms at this period of the year that green can scarcely be described as the prevalent hue. In the midst of that foliage is a maze of winding walks, where, if you can get an Eve to wander with you, you may fancy yourself a very Adam in Eden; and here and there in the thickest bowers you cntne upon snug country seats, the flowery gardens of which seem to be cultivated no less for your eetsceial enjoyment than for that of their fortunate owners. Every gate is invitingly open : every labourer at work has a smile and a greeting God-clay for you, The Danes are a people who know but little about fencing and paling. nothing about locked doors or barr e d w i n d ows. T heir privacy needs LO other protection than the discretion of the passer-by. How they manage it I know not ; but they seem to have no fear of tramps or pick peekets, an d the noxious vermin somehow cannot flourish in th e l an d . I do not remember whether 1 e ver menti one d i t b e f ore ; but it is a fact that years a g o s ome gentlemen from Scotland-yard were in vited to this country to organise a kind of metro. Politan police at Copenhagen, and creditably did they acquit themselves of their task ; but the men who were enlisted in that service are daily sending In their resignation, as they are ashamed of and dis an employment which in this wonder inoffensive community has turned out a weari it would seem, cannot thrive gusted with, s i o u m lly e sinecure. Thieves, in the land, and thief -takers cannot prosper 'With assured that some of the obnedeonn and Peris swell-mob, al- If the have lured by this Arcadian securite have been tempted g ou en t t t l h em em en . to try their luck in the - vir but, somehow, the ehe a gin so il of Denmark; woes net agree with them, and they had to slink away, awed, as it were, by (that guileless confidence that seemed to blunt even while it defied their cunning. Somehow, it was like trying the sharp edge of a sword on a feather bed. Knavery could inlke no breach cn this apparently TO THE EDITOR OP THE TIMES. Sir,---Do me the favour to publish in the Times the enclosed communication, which I design as a reply to numerous assaults upon me by the English Press—not excepting an occasional " rumble" from yourselves —on the subject of my destroying prizes at sea without adjudication by a Prize Court, The London Evening Star and kindred negrophilist associates have been particularly virulent and abu sive. The term "pirate" is a favourite z•pithet with them ; but a s a b use is always e:idence of the weak ness of the cause in whictd it is employed, and as this little failing n,y be a sort of vocabulistic neces city with tbe,in to enalt4e them to pursue their polite perhaps ought not to quarrel with it. If in ttie course of my remarks I have found it neceseury to review some of the acts of your Govern vernment, I trust you will give me credit for doing this in a spirit off.ustice and fair play, and not with a disposition to be querulous or censorious. I have alleged no fact that will not be conceded, and if my reasoning upon the premises be sound, no harm can have been done to any one, since truth is never un. i'ast. If, on the contrary, the reasoning be unsound, you have the probe and seapel at hand. I am respectfully, Sze., R. SEMMES, Capt. Confederate States', Navy. Confederate States' Steamer Alabama, on the High Seas, April, 1864. THE REASONS WHY CONFEDERATE CRUISERS BURN THEIR PRIZES, AND THE REMEDY. I had the honour to command the first vessel of war (the steamer Sumter) commissioned by the Confederate States in the present war, and, having successfully run the blockade of New Orleans and got to sea, it early became necessary for me to adopt some mode of disposing of my prizes. A blockade of the entire coast of the Confederate States had already been declared, and the enemy was busy in collecting and arming ships to enforce it ; and I presumed that in the course of a few months the blockade would be at least sufficient to keep out sail vessels, and of this class, with rare exceptions, it was probable my prizes would be. It was clear, therefore, that I should be effectually prevented from sending my prizes into the Confederate ports. Up to the time of my running the blockade (June 30, 1861) I had not seen her Britannic Majesty's Orders in Council pro hibiting the belligerents from bringing their prizes into British ports; and looking to the unequal oseration of such orders, I had strong hopes that none such would be issued. I made my first prizes on the coast of Cuba, and with a view to test the disposition of Spain in this matter I sent them —seven in number—into the port of Cienfuegos. Their arrival was telegraphed to the Captain-General at Havannah. The Captain-General was without instructions, the orders of neutrality of the Queen of Spain not yet having been received. The prizes were permitted to remain until these orders should arrive. The orders came, and the prizes were afterwards illegally handed over to the enemy, instead of being warned to depart. Spain, as well as France, had followed the lead of Great Britain, and in due time all the smaller commercial nations did the same. To show the objects I had in view in sending in these prizes, I quote below an extract from my letter to the Governor of Cienfuegos : "The cargoes of several of these vessels are claimed, as appears by certificates found among the papers, as Spanish property. This fact cannot, of course, be verified, except by a judicial proceeding in the Prize Courts of the Confede rate States. But while this fact is being determined, what is to be done with the property ? I have the right to destroy the vessels, - but not the cargoes, in ease the latter should prove to be, as claimed, Spanish property; but how can I destroy the former and not the latter ? I cannot before sen tence unlade the cargoes and deliver them to the claimants, for I do not know that the claims will be sustained ; and I cannot destroy the cargoes, for I do not know that the claims will not be sustained. Indeed, one of the motives which influenced me in seeking a Spanish port was the fact that these cargoes were claimed by Spanish subjects, whom I am desirous of putting to as little inconvenience as possible in the unlading and reception of their property after sen tence, in case it should be restored to them," It will thus be seen that I was not only anxious to condemn my prizes, but to put neutrals to as little inconvenience as possible. It any prizes had been received into neutral ports, and permitted to remain there until they could be adjudi cated by our Prizs Coutts, sitting in our own territory, no possible inconvenience that I can perceive could have re sulted to neutral nations, and the rights of every one would have been secured—the right of the captor to the full benefit of his prize, and the right of the neutral claimant to adjudi cation. What inconvenience to Great Britain, for example, could possibly have grown out of the fact of a captured vessel lying quietly at her dock in the port of Liverpool in charge of a ship-keeper and prize agent until she could be adjudicated ; and if he should be condemned, why could she not have been sold as quietly at public auction as if she had been seized and sold under an execution for debt? It was my intention to follow the precedent set in the Cienfuegos case—of sending all my prizes into the most convenient ports for the parties concerned; as, where there were English claimants, into En,g,liehports ; French claimants, into French ports, &c. ; but this intention was frustrated, as has been seen, by the orders of the Queen's Government—l say the Queen's Government, because that Government gave the cue which was followed by the other nations. By these orders I was deprived at the same time the right of asylum and sale of my prizes and of the power of adjudica tion. What course was expected of me under these circum stances ? Wa s it expected that I would abandon the right of capture altogether, or that I would be guilty of the child's play of capturing the enemy's ships with one hand and releasing them with the other that, in short, I would retire front the high seas, and leave the enemy to pursue his commerce, his "innocent and peaceable commerce," as Mr Adams plaintively and naively calls it, without molestation ? If you did not suppose this —and I will not impute such folly to a people who not only know the value of commerce to a belligerent, httt who have always annihilated the com • coerce of their enemies in their ore wars---you must have know that I would destroy the enemy's ships in every case where it was possible. Why then do you complain of the course I pursued ? Was it just to force that course upon me, and then exclains aganet it in pious horror ? Is this the kind of fair play upon which Englishmen pride tneurselves ? But your neutrality,you say, compelled yoti to this course. Let us see how that is. What is neutrality? Impartiality, Impartiality in form or appearance merely, or impartiality in substance ? When a nation Is called upon in good faith to perform that most solemn act of declaring her impartiality between two belligerents is a mere jugglery of words all that is necessary, or must she look at the practical consequences of the rule she adopts. To this query there would seem to be but one answer. The rule must not ouly speak in the language of justice, but it must work out the ends of justice. Otherwise it is a sham and a deceit. Let us test the orders of British neutrality by this canon. On their face nothing could be more fair. Whatever in ordained as to the one belligerent is ordained an to the other, The prizes of both belligerents are prohibited from entering British waters. But when these orders were penned what facts and what consequences were in the mind of the Minister ? Did he or did ha not knew that he was dealing a staggering blow at the Confederate States at the same time that he Was playing directly into the hands of the Federal States ? Let us see. It will be admitted that the two belligerents had the right to use against each other all the modes of warfare recog nised by the international code, and that no nation had the right to prohibit to either of them the use of any of those modes. Privateering, was one of those modes, and the cir cumstances of the two parties to the war ware such that this mode of offence was peculiarly valuable to the Confederate States. The Federal States had a large commerce and a very respectable navy, they having retained possession of all the ships of war of the old service, while the Confederate States had little or no commerce, and were just beginning to improvise a navy. (And here it may not be out of place to mention a fact highly creditable to the parties concerned —every ship of war in the command of a Southern naval officer at the date of the secession of his State was duly handed over to the Federal Government before the officer resigned his commission and returned to his State). A large proportion of the wealth of the Federal States con sisted in their commerce, and if this could be destroyed an important blow would be struck in the war. The Volun teer Corps of tho sea—as legitimate as the Volunteer Corps of the land---waR the most effective weapon with which to ctrike this blow, and accordingly in the first days of the war several privateers were commissioned, and others were being rapidly fitted out, when the Queen's orders appeared and knocked the whole scheme on the head. As if by magic, the privateers which had already been com missioned disappeared from the seas, and all work was sus pended on those in course of preparation, and the little Sumter, afterwards assisted by two or three other small vessels, was obliged to undertake the task of destroying a commerce second o n l y t o th at o f G rea t B r itai n , an d w hi c h covered every sea. Th e reason o f th e di sa ppe arance o f th ese private armed ships is obvious. They are prepared at the cost of individuals, and depend upon their captures for success. If these cannot be made available the enterprise becomes abortive, and the capital invested in it is sunk; and they could not bo made available by reason of the Queen's orders referred to deny log them the right of asylum in British ports, the British Foreign Secretary well know ing that they could not be made available in the Confederate ports because of the blockade, the blockade having been proclaimed on the 16th April, 1861, and the orders in Coun cil not having been issued until the Ist of the following June. So far as results were concerned the British Government • II • WHITWORTH. Solid shot • • Segment shell Common ehell • . •• •• It is not to o mu ta ch to „ say that this multiplication of areas gives the most illusory result of all, for accord ing, to these figures the breechloader shoots the best of any, and twice as well as the Whitworth. which is exactly the reverse of the fact. The truth is that the breech -loader shoots very steadily, never making a very large area of the space in which it drops its shots, and, except in the case of shell, never a very small one. The shunt gun is a far more accurate gun than the breechloader, and nearly all its areas are verysnaall, but it has made one or two very wild shots with common shot, which bring up the area of its parallelograms, or, what volunteers will better understand, the area of its group, to a larger space than an inferior gun, the breechloader. The Whitworth has made beautiful practice with common shot, with which, as will be seen, it has made the smallest area of all; bat, on the other hand, its range with common shed has been monstrously wild, making a greater area with them (7,653 yards) than all the areas of the breechloader put together. How the committee will determine what the figure of merit is it is impossible to say, but in fairness it ought to be by some method which will show the number of degrees by which Sir Wil liam has won 14 times, Mr. Whitworth 13 times, and the breechloader seven times. Wabout some such guide the amount of difference between the performances of each piece would be inappreciable, and the real lesson to be derived from these costly experiments rendered almost worthless. Naval and Military Intelligence, A War-office eircular, embodying, a royal war rant, laying down an important code of regulations relative to the pay and other advantages to the ten years' soldiers and others who may re-enlist on the completion of their period of limited service, has been promulgated at Chatham garrison for general information. The royal warrant cancels that dated Oct. 30, 1861, which provided that a soldier taking his discharge and re-enlisting after the expiration of 12 months should only count half his former ser vice, and that soldiers purchasing their discharge and re-enlisting should, in like manner, count only half their former sere ice ; and that men who so re enlisted should be required to wait 12 months before being allowed any good-conduct pay of which they were in receipt before being discharged. The new royal warrant prescribes that all soldiers who may re-engage themselves on the completion of the first term of their limited engagement may be allowed to receive the value of a new kit, a bounty of £2, together with re -engagement money £l, and £1 gratuity, receiving at the same time a furlough for two mouths. Men who take their discharge and re-engage within 12 months will be allowed to count all their former service, instead of only one-half their service as heretofore. They will at the same time at once be allowed the good conduct pay of vvnich they were in receipt at the time of their discharge. The same regulations are, at the same time, to apply tomen who purchase their discharge and reenlist. The troops serving in India, China, and New Zealand are to be allowed the sum of £5, in lieu of their two months' furlough, on re-enlist. ing on the expiration of their period of limited ser vice. Soldiers serving in the Mediterranean are to be allowed £3 gratuity, and, if they wish for a furlough, their passage to and from England will be defrayed by the Government, and two clear !tenths allowed them in this country. A general parade of the whole of the officers and men of the Royal Engineers was held at Chatham yesterday for the purpose of hearing read a compli mentary order Which had been forwarded to Colonel 11. Harness, c 3, 13., Gen z l G o e t ne ß ra o l y S al ir Eg J n .B in u e r e g r o s y , n o e n , fac Royal G.C.8., Inspector. manner in which th e o ffi cers andtbe highly satisfacto ry of the .7 Engineers had acquitted tions of the l a t e siege opera tives on themselves at Chatham. the occasi on The first of the reinforcements e proceeding thi s season to India, consisting of cavalry, artillery, and infantry, embarked* at Gravesend yesterd a y on board the chartered troopship Alurabagh for 'Madras. The embarkation was effected under the sup take s erin- Eyre' tendence of th e officers of 31ajor-G enerai staff, fro m Ch at h am , an d the Alumba g h her departure from the Thames tosday. A War Department ()tier was yesterday re ce i ved in the Royal Carriage Department at Woolwich, to commence the manufacture of an experimental wrought•iron gun carriage, for working the heavy broadside guns on board ship. The designs have been supplied by the Board of Admiralty, and were furnished by Commander Scott, attached to the flagship Fisgard at Woolwich. Toe sailing transport Transit, laden with 35,800 shot and shell, guns, carriages, platforms, &c., from Corfu, has arrived et Woolwich, and yesterday commenced discharging her cargo at the Royal Arsenal pier. The frieghtship Arabella has taken in 2,800 boxes of shot and other war stores at Woolwich, and sailed yesterday for Malta. The screw steam frigate Aurora, 35, Captain Sir F. Leopold APClintock, from Ireland, arrived in Plymouth Scund yesterday morning. The iron -cased corvette Wolverine and the Re sistance and Enterprise rams left Yarmouth Roads on Tuesday for the north. It was understood that they were going northwards as far as Leith. The Louisa gunboat, in the first division of the THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MINE 16, 1864. helpless honesty. I am amused when I hear foreign travellers wondering at the rashness of silversmiths and jewellers laying their wares so openly on the most crowded thcroughfares, and imagining how the eyes of the nnible-fingered gentry of other countries would gloat upon the glittering display, and how their mouths would water ! The Dane has no belief in thieving, and his faith makes him proof against. The Alabama and her Prizes, might as well have said to the Confederate States, in the word of the Declaration of Paris, "Privateering is and re mains abolished," although the said States were not bound by the said declaration, the United States, then the Federal mouthpiece, having declined to accede thereto before the war. There was no occasion for Mr Seward to endeavour to sneak into this declaration after the war, in the hope that by becoming a party to it Great Britain would illogically hold that the Confederate States, now acknowledged as bel ligerents, would be bound by the act of their enemy. The British Foreign Secretary knew his business better than this, With the most commendable sagacity he took care of his logic and his friend Mr Seward at the same time, and accomplished the object of the Federal Government by his orders in Council, without permitting its Minister to humi liate himself. This was one result of the declaration of neutrality—An dice partiality --put forth by Great Britain. But the mis chief did not end here. The Confederate States being com pelled to restrict their operations upon the high seas to their ships of war, those ships were also seriously embarrassed by this declaration. Their inability to adjudicate their prizes has already been referred to. As a consequence of this ina bility they could make no beneficial use of them. Not only so, they were compelled in many instances to release them on ransom bond for the benefit of neutrals—that is to say, to give neutral claimants of cargoes an opportunity after the war, when the bonds should be sued upon, to vindicate their claims in a court of justice, which opportunity their own Governments had denied to them during the war byrendering it impossible for them to gu before a Confederate price court. The release of these vessels operated strongly, too, in favour of the enemy. For it amounted to a loan to him of so much property, of which he had been rightfully deprived. with which to carry on the war—his bonds in the meantime being of no use to the captors, as it was impossible to col lect them until after the war. This double mischief, there fore, ensued in these bond cases—the enemy continued to carry on his commerce, and commerce to a belligerent is strength; while the captor's means, quoad the war, were not increased by his captures. The reader will now see why as few of these ships as possible were released on bond, the release being confined to those cases in which an apparent bona file natural claim was presented on the face of pro perly prepared papers. Nevertheless, to show the good faith with which the captor must have acted towards neu trals in this matter, every ship destroyed by him was so much property destroyed against his own interest—for the ship being destroyed, no prize money could be realised, whereas the bond would be valuable to him at the end of war. And although it was to,be presumed that every officer would, from a sense of duty, destroy as many of his prizes as possible, yet we see that at least he had no private inte rest to urge him to destroy them when there was a question of neutral rights, his leaning being, in fact, the other way. This, then, is the working of those British orders in Council which, on the face of them, appear to be entirely unexceptionable. Stripping off the diplomatic disguise of language, which is so thin and transparent that the wonder is that it should have been resorted to at all with the hope of concealment —more unjust, oppreesive, and unneutral orders could not have been devised. If the practical effect of these orders is such as I have stated, what excuse can be offered for adopting them ? Can it be said that no other course was open to the British Government under the laws of nations ? If so, that would bo a sufficient excuse—for where a Government has no alternative it would certainly be unjust to hold it responsible for all the consequential damages of its acts. It might be said with truth, in reply to our com plaints, " We were obliged, under the laws of nations, re• gulating and controlling our neutrality, to exclude your prizes from our ports ; and, if by reason of your inferior naval force, and the consequent blockade of your ports, the rule operates more harshly upon you than upon the enemy, that is your misfortune, not our fault." But the fact is, there is no such excuse to offer. It was, at least, equally as open to Great Britain to admit as to exclude our prizes, as I will now proceed to show. The practice of nations has been various on this point, and it rests in the discretion of each nation to admit prizes into its ports or to exclude them, as it may think fit. This seems to be the general understanding of the law on this question, although there is very respectable authority for the opinion that a nation cannot lawfully exclude tho prizes of a belligerent without previous treaty stipulations to that effect.—" Locceniue de Jure Maritimo," L2,c4, s 7. As a general rule, belligerent nations have not favoured the carrying of their prizes into neutral ports, and the reasons are obvious. It is much more convenient for the prize courts that they should have the actual custody of the prize to be adjudicated. And the bringing in of prizes to the home ports gives the subjects of the captor an oppor tunity of dealing in prizo property, an object of no small importance in a maritime war where many valuable captures are made, It gives the Government, too, the advantage of buying in such ships as it may wish to equip for the purposes of war, an advantage of which the Federal States have frequently availed themselves during the present war. Hence, belligerent nations have generally required their cruisers to bring their prizes into the home ports. Still, in cases where the contrary practice was convenient, nations have freely availed themselves of it, without let or hindrance from neutrals, unless there was a treaty in the way. In farmer wars in which Great Britain has been concerned, Leghorn and Lisbon were frequentlyltaade use of for this purpose; the prizes being condemned and 'sold without ever reaching the home ports at all. But taking the modern practice to be for the neutral to admit or exclude prizes at pleasure, the presumption always is, previous to the issue by the neutral of any order on the subject, in favour of the amuission—this having been the more common practice. On this point see " Wheaton's Elements (Law rence, p. 428 ; see also 3, " Phillimore's International Law," p. 498, sec. 393. The treaties between nations on this subject haVe been as various as the practice. In 1773 a treaty was entered into between France and the United States, whereby no ship of the enemy of either party was allowed to sell her prize,, or discharge her cargo, or buy more provisions than immediately indispensable, in the ports of the other. In 1800 a similar treaty was entered into by the same parties, In 1794 a treaty of exclusion was made between England and the United States. In 1806 a treaty was made between the same parties, con taining similar provisions. In 1782 a treaty was entered into between the United States and Holland, then one of the principal maritime Powers, whereby the sale of prizes brought by either party into the ports of the other was legalized. In 1742 a treaty was made between Spain and Denmark authorizing the reception and sale of prizes reciprocally and so late as 1329 a treaty was ratified between Holland and the Republic of Colombia authorizing the reception of prizes into each other's ports. Now, if the treaties between Great Britain and the United States were still in existence, there is . no doubt that Great Britain would be obliged under those treaties to apply the rule of exclusion to the Confederate States ; but it wit; be remembered that a war occurred between the two contract ing parties in 1812, subsequently to the formatfon of those tree.ties, which abrogated them ; and the subject has not since been renewed either in the Treaty of Ghent, which put an end to that war, or in any subsequent treaty. The ignoring of such a question, after it had once been made the subject of a treaty, places in a very strong light the in• tention of the parties to remain perfectly free to exercise their discretion for the future. Great Britain, then, has no excuse for the unjust and unneutral course she has pursued, She can neither affirm that she had no alternative under the laws of nations, nor that she was bound by any treaty obli gation. One more question, which has already been incidentally noticed, remains to be disposed of. If Great Britain had permitted the entry of prizes Into her ports, would this have enabled the captors to condemn them so as to give an indefeasible title to the purchaser ? Without doubt. Not withstanding Lord Stowell, in the case of the " rlad Oyen" (1 Rob., pp. 139.142), declared the practice (he was com menting on the practice of the French courts, in the heat of a French war, and every lawyer knows the vim with which his lordship assailed everything French) to be " in frequent and irregular," it is novi well rattled that a belli gerent Prize Court, sitting in its country, may adjudicate a prize lying in neutral waters, provided the posseselott of the captor remains. And this position seems to be as unanwer' able in principle as it is well settled in practice. The pro ceeding in a prize case is in rem, and to give the court jurisdiction it is only necessary that it should have possession of the prize. Bat this need not be actual possession by the officers of the court, as by the marshal and his bailiffs. It is sufficient if the captor, or his duly appointed agent, has possession, because his possession is that of the Government under whose authority the court sits, as effectually as would be that of the marshal; and no principle is better settled than that a neutral Government has no right to interfere with the captor's possession of his prize—the case only excepted of the capture having been made within the waters of the neutral territory, So that if the prize be admitted into the neutral port at all—and the argument proceeds upon that hypothesis—the captor's possession remains as firmly Established as if ho and his prize were in his own country. In support of this jurisdiction of the Prize Court I quote the following authorities : —ln 111, Phillimore's International Law, p. 482, it is said ;—" An attentive review of all the cases decided in the Courts of England and the North American United States during the last war (1812) leads to the conclusion that the condemnation of a capture by a regular Prize Court, sitting in the country of the belligerent, of a prize lying at the time of the sentence in a neutral port is irregular, but clearly valid. It appears to be the inclination of the English Prize Court during the presant war (Russian) to limit to cases of necessity the condemnation vessels lying in a neutral port. It is scarcely necessary to add, after what has been said as to the forneer French law on condemnations by judges of the belligerent in neutral ports (that is, the judge, and the prize both bei . , g in the neutral port), that such c onde?art:. tione of v esse l s l y i ng i n neutral ports are holden va l i d y the French P r i ze C ourts , " Again, in the volume already quoted, p. 426, it is said, " The courts of the North Amen. can United St a t es a ll ow t h at property may b e condemned in the courts o f t h e captor while lying in a neutral country, but still they h o ld t h at i t can only be so a djudicated upon while the poss ess i on o f t h e captor rema i n s ; for if it be divested, either in fact or by operation of law, that posses sion is gone whi c h can a l one sus t a i n th e jurisdiction. And it is to be observed that, a fortiori, where the property is already in the custody of a neutral tribunal, and the title is other foreign court can by any adjudi * -way, forestall, or defeat the , •"thor quotes there sub fume', cation of its own rightfully jurisdiction of this netittal tribunal ); and the._. 7, " Wheaton's Reports," 365, It thus appears that, unp.— the captor divests himself of the possession of the prize (as by sale ' without ,- ;2iting for con d emnation), or his posses sionisdivestedby operation of law (as by his bringing a prize captured'within neutral waters within neutral jurisdic tion), the belligerent Prize Court, sitting in its own country, has ample power to adjudicate. There would seem, then, to be no dificulty in the way of Great Britain's revoking her unjust and nnnerftral orders in Council and returning to a sense of justice. lf indivi duals are bound In conscience to retract their errors when once discovered, how much more are nations bound to do se, the consequences of whose errors are an much more wide spread ? By doing justice to the Confederate states Great Britain will not be doing injustice to the Federal States. If she gives an asylum in her ports . to the former, she wiii equally give it to the latter; and if she should work an in cidental advantage to the Confederate states, why should this he objected to more than the opposite rule, which has worked them so many disadvantages? And will it be less graceful in Great Britain to perform this act of justice because one of the parties in the forum is struggling against odds, while the other has become overbearing—nay, trucu lent and defiant. from a fancied excess of brute strength? It is never safe for a nation, any more than an individual, to temporise, especially with a bully, and at the cost of in. justice to a weaker party. Great Britain innocently fancies that she is "laying up against a rainy day"—that is to say, that she is concil ating the "universal Yankee nation" by her present one-sided course, and establishing wise and safe precedents to be followed by that people hereafter when she shall herself become a belligerent. But I warn that it is all fancy, and that she will reap the reward of her timidity in the usual way—timidity on the part of nations always in viting further insult and outrage. A people who have be come so lunatic as to destroy a constitutional Government and voluntarily submit their necks to the yoke of coarse and illiterate tyrant for the sake of butchering, in gratification of their revenge, eight millions of their former fellow-citizens, will hardly permit themselves to be ruled by English prece dents, to be calmly quoted to them by some future peace loving Earl Russell from ponderous blue-books. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—We find ourselves at the present moment engaged in a discussion which once more repro duces the arguments and suggestions of a con tree versy long gone by. The problem of Manning the Navy was accomplished some years ago; but the topic, it seems, has only been dropped to make room for the question of Manning the Army. Those who remember the former discussion will recognise in the correspondence which we have recently pub lished all the old familiar statements and opinions. We are now told, precisely as we were told ten years since, that the Queen's pay is good pay, if it were but properly applied; that what the public provides for the maintenance of the service consti tutes a liberal provision, if the soldier did but know it; that he actually receives, in one way or another, far more than could be earned by an agricultural labourer, but that his receipts are so confused be tween " pay" and " allowances," and so curtailed by stoppages and deductions, that the liberality of the nation eludes his perception. A soldier, we are assured, actually costs the country between 14s. and 15s, a week, whereas he obtains in the shape of money only 2d. a day. This is one of the old arguments, revived and repeated word for word ; the moral, of course, being that we should reform this part of the system, and pay the soldier in a coin which he understands. He knows the difference between ls. and ls. 6d. a day, but he takes little account of cheap supplies and contingent privileges. Give him his dues in ready money instead of dis guised advantages, and he will be able to compare his earnings with those of a ploughboy or an apprentice. A second argument is this—that a distinction should be established between ordinary and able-bodied soldiers, We borrow the terms from the Navy for application to the Army ; but the meaning is, that in the profession of arme ; as well as all other professions, a trained and experienced man is worth more than a young beginner. That this is actually the case no one can deny, and yet we act as if no such difference of values existed. A soldier es ho has sere ed for ten years, who is well disciplined, thoroughly acquainted with his busi ness, and inured to all the trials of a military life, is held to be worth no more than a raw recruit. We have repeatedly explained that the bargain offered by the State to the recruit is in reality a good one. It must be remembered that he is an unskilled labourer, taken to learn his trade at the public expense, and charged nothing for the in struction ; indeed, we can hardly put this plainer than by an appeal to the very examples anticipated at this minute. We are told, and with apparent reason, that we cannot expect many of our soldiers to be content with their position at the expiration of their first term of enlistment. The ten years' man is a very different being from the raw lad picked up by the sergeant. Besides his mastery over his immediate profession, he has been educated in mind and body. He has been to school, and has been well taught. His ideas have been enlarged, and he has acquired habits of discipline, obedience, and fidelity. Such a man is of, value anywhere, and may look for more than his 13d. a day from an appreciative master. Granted ; but then let us inquire who made this man what he is. At whose expense and by what agency was the village scamp or the loutish farm servant turned into the trained, intelligent, and trustworthy man. All this increase of personal value was given by the State, and the difference between what the man was and what he is is simply the measure of his actual gain over and above his daily pay. We are convinced, however, that it is worth our 'while to buy this man at his proper value. We must buy the recruit first and the soldier afterwards—first get the men, and then keep them. If necessary, we must offer better terms, but though there is no doubt about the increased demand ,for labour, and the improved remuneration which it commands, we are assured, nevertheless, that the amount actually provided for the soldier under various forms of pay and allow ances is sufficient for the purposes of first recruiting, if judiciously applied. The trained soldier may fairly look at the expiration of a given period of service for better terms than he got at first. That is so plain that it needs no argument. No doubt the improvement has been accomplished in the ser vice itself, but that does not affect the fact. A com plete soldier is worth more to us in common market value than a recruit. He can get more—at least, so ;,,* is thought—in other callings, and it is reasonable, therei;:sre) that he should look for more if h o con ones i n ; . ;. 4 . 9 own. At all events, here are two n plain principles inviting notice and trial. Give the young recruit in a tan;ible shape what you intend to give him; and when he has acquired skill in his calling give him something more. We think these suggestions are very likely to assis: us materially in manning the:army. POST.—The Conference is again adjourned till Saturday, and it is felt that the motive of these re peated delays is the understanding that nothing can yet be accomplished to reconcile these two opponents. A few days will bring a resumption of hostilities, which will oblige this country to determine once for all how we are to act at this crisis. We must either abandon Denmark or stand by her. In the meantime, as we feel ourselves drifting, we may pass our time in hoping against hope and arguing against our knowledge, and in looking out for some Heaven- Borst Solution to arrive. But the inevitable hour must come when dreams give way to realities—when, if we are to hold our place among nations our iron &aids must resolve other questions than those of steering and rolling—when our soldiers must occupy other camps than Aldershot, and our engineers again play out in earnest on a European stage the tragedy rehearsed the other day at Chatham, We are quite aware that these words of ours will be received with mockery by the German Press: They will be com mented on as more bombast of the Morning Pose, and we shall be `reminded of similar expressions aften used during the last few months. It is very deplorable that, in consequence of the anxiety dis played by our diplomatists to avoid war, or even the semblanee of it, the voice of the Press is thought to be sham thtinder, Foreigners think that this great country is really the slave of the Peace party. The ain delusions Which preceded the Crimean war Ara l articles of belief to us, in this again to be dispelled. foreign capitals, an d, alas France leaves to araehgeaxv-e instance, the initiative and matter As The she acted in Italy alone, so ntohwe., resp onsibility. pected to take our own line I ? el ves. we a which is supposed chiefly to concern of e' outi Coil it Bis- Pruesians, as, if we are not m isinformed, marck has recently informed the Prussian Minib:er at Vienna, count on the abstention of France, at the price of accepting some suggestions as to the appli cation of universal suffrage, and he has warned the Austrian Government that Prussia will insist on a radical solution, and will, if necessary, act alone, sup ported, as she expects to be, by the general public opinion of Germany. As to Russia, Count Bismarck considers himself perfectly secure as to her views, and has assured the Austrian Government that in no eventuality will she be found contrary to Prussian policy. The meeting of monarchs which is about to take place at Kissengen will probably ratify thess conclusions, and the alliance which the Morning Post pointed out as already existing months ago will probably be solemnly renewed. Prussia helped Russia to crush Poland. Austria has recently also put her hand to that work. The Germans have fought side by side in Denmark, the conditions being Austrian concurrence in the North in return for prospective Prussian support in the South. Both have aided Russia in expectation of her connivance in their schemes and her aid in their difficulties. The allies presume that England and France are estranged, that France will not act alone, and that England will never act sti, all. Such is the state of affairs which, b y its plausibility, hides its chief dangers. The ki ngs at Ki ssengen will flatter them selves that everything is mighty smoot,'l, a nd that have only to di c t a t e an d b e obeyed-t.invade they and to annex. We feel th a t it i s u seless to reC a P i " tulate our stock erg,: ments • is rapidly passing a way, „2d we are about to arrives We are just verging at the "last reason" of kings. The time for argnme.ut on the day when England will ha; nd forward, cup of humiliation to the dregs, or to sta. how in Europe in defence of the State which eh e nd compromised by her advice, and which she is bee in honour to see safe out of the miseries that e to drink the have plunged her into. Denmark has always lis" tened to our counsels. She allowed, at our instir gation, execution in Holstein; she consented tar ou the repeal of her constitution ; she cam at e ded to call to the Conference; she has y iel the abandonment of the Treaty of Londlc, and to the dismemberment of her territo.ry. Here a nd bas Plenipotentiaries take their last stand, their ultimatum upon the line of frontier which wa have suggested. But all in vain. The Cerra n ..l who have used against her every violence, an d against us every chicanery, remain unsatisfied, au' insist upon the full accomplishment of their 03°11 , e ' strous demands. The Danes feel that but litti more ruin can fall upon them, and we are awaki n g to the conviction that scarcely more dishonou r es n be heaped upon us. Yet all that we have done h" been done with the best intentions : that, hor ey .: l r e " cannot save us from the fatal consequences . 1, the must either accept the position in Europe which be Germans are pleased to assign to us, and sink to t he level of a fourth-rate Power, or vindicate our plaF t n . • among nations by the means by which we wo n i d There can be no doubt that the arm of Eng in '. when the war begins again, will be put forward ID defence of Denmark—and that with bitter r e g ret ' but with firm determination, we shall enter upon European war of which the ultimate consequ ences will be greater than are contemplated by the 0; thinking imaginations of Berlin and Vienna. al t is our vivid perception of our responsibility and o f t magnitude of the crisis that has made us so 1 1 hold back and yield point after point. We do 13 ; - foresee any disaster that c a n b e f a ll us . It in Zi t selfishness that has dictated the painful peac e— i; ness of our policy. That has pro cee d e d entir e •J from too much care for those who treat us ill. On their heads be it. The bolt will fall on t h , ° „ se r , who have provoked the storm, and when it isri late the unwieldy despotisms who are making a ins attempt to crush freedom and constitutional gover n ; went will have reason to mourn over provinces loss and weights wanting in the new arrangemen" which will replace the ill-assorted diplomatic CO ventionalities of the old balance of power. COUNTRY MARKETS. LYNN—TUESDAY. At to-day's market there was very little wheat Offer e , d i The trade was firm, and i n some i ns t an c es the prices of i_ A week slightly ad vance d. B ar l ey same as b e f ore . Oats a n beans rather dearer. to 34° White wheat ..... 458 to 46s f Barley . . .330 o g, Red.. - Beans .32s to 34s I Oats Small 34s to 368 !Teas Averages—Wheats, 39s 10d—barley, 3 : 2; . 4 : T lB2B b tt e °°;2;2:l4 37s 4d. HULL—TUESDAY. , f BIIP At our corn market to-day there was a fair supply -- la lish wheat, which sold freely at last week's curreno9, cer e foreign the demand was li m it e d, an d t h e pr i ces token ''d higher than the English was selling at. Both malting ii grinding barley met a fair retail sale. Peas and beans is slow sale, at barely the pri ces l as t quo t e d . Fi ne fresh °'" held for an advance of 6d per qr. Linseed dull. 430 Od Wheat.... Old white per qr ......... 42 s Od to od Old red New white New red Barley.... English malting Grinding , • Saal and Oderbruck Holstein and Danish 3OB Od to 31s Od 28s 0a to u Grinding .... „ Oats English, old -••• 22s Od to 240 13'' , o s Archangel and Riga, per st.. OsP t id or Friesland and Dutch .... osl3d to O 1 Swedish and Danish OBl2O to Os Od 4 • • ,Beans ....English, old, per qr. ... 40s Od to 4 3 s O d New, pigeon •• • • ... .... •• • •• • 428 0 4 t° 4 1' 1 oa New tick. ' ... 40e Od to 4 , s a d Egyptian 3os Od to 3 3 s `,.', 1 Peas Foreign boilers ... .,.. 33s Od to 34s !al Grinding .• • 32s gd tc 3 3 s v i Tares ....Spring Indian Corn Linseed, feeding crushing Linseed cakes (Hull) Foreign! Rape cakes Bones X 8 585, : 1: 0 5 0 —453 0302000:: to t t t i 3 :0 0 : dcidd to oocio (5) 0 9 553. - - 1 264 000 0 :: °I I°u" 10)! SHEFFIELD—TUM MY. At our market to-day thero was a small supply of grain. and a moderate business was done at last week rates. Red wheat, per load of 3 imperial bushels... 15s 041 to lOs 04 White ~ ...17s Od, to 18s 00 -- - New red New white Beans .15s oel to 16s Od 6(1 to 188 14 15s 6( 1 to 178 Od 77 ff or.— Peas, per qr Grinding barley, per qr 29s 0 a to 300 4 Malting ditto, „ 32s 0d to 3 5 ° ( j ci Oats 198 011 to 24s Od Floui., Is 4d to 1s 8d per 14 lb. NE WCASTLE-ON-TYNE—TITESDA 4. Wheat in moder a t e su p p l y thi s morning, t frith a fair trade, at the currencies of this day week. Averages—Wheat, 40s 11d—barley, 31s 10d. COAL M . Prloea of Coal per Ton al :ARK ET. t the close of the II lark°t* s. d. Byass's Bebside West Hartley . ... 16 3 Holywell 16 6 Eden Main 16 3 West Hartley 16 3 North Pelton Gas 13 0 11' siker Primrose 13 3 0 d• Walls End. East Hartlepool 17 6' Cassop l6 9 Russel's Ho tton 16 6 Riddell 15 6 Ships at market Walls E . ad• •' 6 Braddll's Nett( ►n• • •:. 1 7 6 Caswell Heugh Hall ,,,,,, ::17 Hartlepool .... .... •' u Tunstall 0 Kelloe.. ..... 17. .. South Kelloe.. • . ...... 17' 6 Hetton G So o u s t f h or fi th ar . t . le . p . o: . ) ; 1 : .. •' 1 ....14 6 6 South Hetton.. ..• •' )t, 39 ; sold, 37. Foreign Nail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Tnia 18 , Australia and Mauritius, vi a Southampton... ,• e i3. via Marseilles Brazil and Cape Verde, by British packet.... . • JufY 29 •" 1 Cape of Good H o p e , A scens i on, and St. Helen a-8 IS China, Penang, and Singapore, v i a Southampta ti.t.„ ll/1 . 21. via Marseilles... Falkland Islands •• ,June l& Gibraltar, via Southa m pt on India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton, • i l un uil : 27. via Marseilles... •' 0 26. India (Bombay), via Southampton o jap e via Marseilles .... :l ui l 5 18 ' • Portugal.... Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton ,July 6 6 ,. via Marseilles ., Toe A. Newfoundland . 0' Oporto and Vigo •. U. S. and British N. America, b ' y , Brit. packet.... -la -ne 21' by U.S. packet.... ,:, 17. by Canadi an p ac k et . . 14/1 s. All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, 1 , 390 ~ ' California. and British Columbia.. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Pills, Enjoy Ta (s4 , Lite,—When the blood is pure, its c i rcu l a ti on per fe( ; .4 ' .7, g s the nerves in good order we are well. These pills p a marvellous power in securing these great secrets of h by purifying, regulating, and strengthening fluid' • ""„A solids. Holloway's pills can be confidently recomme tOcr,.s" to all persons suffering from disordered digestion or Iv by nervous fancies or neuralgic pains. They correct a, geliti and heartburn, dispel sick headache, quicken the acti D ,c )l ,. the liver, and act as alteratives and gentle aperients. o'l weak and delicate may take them without fear. Hollo pd, i/ Pills are eminently serviceable to inv alids of irr constitutions, as they raise the action of every organ to t d natural standard, and universally exercise a calrein g sedative influence. Births. ANDERSON. —On the 14th inst., at Shrubland-grove, D al. aton, the wife of Mr. J. H. Anderson, of a son. (1.• BUDGETT.—On the 13th inst., at Redland House,l Dar ft ham Down, near Bristol, th e w if e of W. H. B u age' Esq., of a son and heir. —On gtod' the 13th inst, at .) at Manor House, B n ock, the wif e o f John Groves, Esq 18th u Soa r G daughter. noforvaadEssi STODDART.—On th e 13 t h inst., the wife of Herbert '— dart, Esq., l a t e R oyal Fusili ers , of a daughter. Marriages. HU TCHINSON.—BRUNJES.—On the 11th hasty I tt Lawrence Church, Thanet, Kent, William Hutch 10° ° "; Esq., of Ramsgate, late Captain 60th Royal Bit ile' iret 3 Itebeca, only daughter of Martin Brunjes, Esq., Dumpton, in the Isle of Thanet. Ii.r.MPSON.—WEDGWOOD.—On the 11th inst., at C 501e , 8 1; ton, Pembrokeshire, Major Kempson, H.M.'t 21n Regiment, to Louisa Frances, eldest daughter of 11. Wedgwee , .. l , Esq,, of M oodfields, Pembrokeshire. Deaths. FANSIIAIVE.—On the 14th inst., at 32, Chester- terrace, Regent's-park, Admiral Sir Arthur Fanshawo, I L•CM'' aged 70. FERRIER.—On the 11th inst., at Wel!park, St. An drevegf James Frederick Ferrier, 8.A., Oxon, Professo r o f g°11" Philosophy. GRENVILLE.—On the 13th inst., at 33, Sou th-sti vet, thrg Right Hon. Lady Grenville, widow of W . W Lo Grenville, aged 92. GRAY —On the 15th inst., at Monastery House, Ec ist In c ll6 road, Thomas Gray, Esq., aged 76. 'V. HUNTLEY.—On the sth lust:, at Santos, Brazil, S it ••-• Huntley, aged 68, ne ar MAZZINGIII.—On the 11th inst., at Downside Coll( VI Bath, Count Mazzinghi, aged 65. London: Primed and Prtiitched by WILLIAIIIANII.,I3I' „Ts of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TilE SUN Orace o ° ' if Strand, in the Precinct of she aavoy, la the C Pun" ° MiltUceex.--Thuroday, June 16,1864.