The Sun. — London, England, 1864-05-16 00:00:00

A NEW STEAMSHIP. One of those extraordinary inventions or designs which come to us in such numbers from America, and which occasionally create a perfect revolution among scientific trades, and even among sciences themselves, is just now in process of being tried on the banks of the Thames, at Mr. Hepworth's ship building-yard, near Poplar. This is what is termed a " cigar ship"—that is, a yacht-steamer, the hull of which is immensely long, perfectly round, and which, in fact, precisely resembles, as its name implies, the shape of a cigar, with the ex ception that both ends are very finely pointed, instead of, as in a cigar, only one. The theories that have been advanced about the seagoing qua lities and immense speed of vessels built in this shape are plausible enough ; and, indeed, are so alluring and based on apparently such solid data that we are exceedingly glad to see that one way or the other they are likely to be theories no longer. The" cigar ship's" hull is nearly finished' and the " cigar ship" itself will be launched com pleted, and with her steam up, by the middle of August, so that we have not very long to wait be fore the problem is solved, and we are proved either to have been all in the dark as to shipbuilding from the days of Noah to this year of grace, or, on the other hand, ',Mr. Wienan's yaeht is consigned to that place for good intentions, the paving of which must just now be in a state of pre-eminent repair. The vessel which is to set at rest these great doubts is being built as the private yacht of an American gentleman, who has designed everything connected with the ship, and who is having his designs exe- Hepworth in the moat perfect work cuted by Mr. manship of which .wrought iron is capable. The hull is almost complete, and, as the hull of a ship, it looks one of the most extraordinary objects it is possible to imagine. It is so at variance with all our generally received notions of nautical beauty of form that one can only stare at it in mute surprise, though there is something about its long tapering lines so suggestive of immense speed that one feels rather ashamed such . a simple idea should never have occurred to any one before. In justice to our own age, however, it must be said that such a vessel could only be imagined when iron ships were in use, and iron shipbuilding had reached its highest stages of development. Looking at her now, she appears to be nothing more than a gigantic iron mainyard for some vessel of the Great Eastern class, having a rather wide diameter in the middle, and tapered to a mere point of some ten inches at either end. Her length over all is '256ft., and her greatest width and depth is in the middle, where the circle is 16ft. diameter. Thus, then, her length is 16 times greater than her greatest width. She is built throughout of the finest boat plates, in some parts of steel, in some of Low Moor iron. To the water-line these plates are s.fiths of an inch thick; above the water-line they are only 5 16ths. Her displacement will be about 500 tons, which gives her a little over 300 tons burden, ac cording to builders' measurement. She is built without any longitudinal stringers, but throughout her entire length she is divided by no less than 13 water -tight compartments, and in the engine and boiler rooms is further strengthened by inner rings of angle-iron seven inches deep, which are rivetted to the side, and placed as close as at intervals of 3ft apart. Underneath, instead of a'keel, is a broad band of the best Low Moor iron, which runs almost from end to end, and which is about lin, thick by 3ft. wide, and meant to protect her in case of her taking the ground. Inside is an iron floor, which also runs from end to end, to be hereafter covered with wood, and form, in fact, the lower pas senger deck of the yacht. This floor amidships is only about six feet from the bottom of the cylinder, so that overhead there is a roomy cabin enough, much resembling in shape a small railway tunnel. The upper deck is 130 ft. long by 101 ft. broad, and is formed by holding for that length what we may call a square flat topped cover on the top of the cylinder. This cover or deck is 4ft. 10in. high altogether, of which the Idwer 2ft. is of iron, rivetted to the top of the cylinder, and the other 2t . t. 10in. of common light wooden bulwarks. She is to have two short funnels, and these and her little deck and a small part of the upper curve of the cylinder are all that will be seen out of water. So much for her external appearance, to which we nerd only add that the rivets that fasten her are countersunk, so that she presents outwardly a per fectly smooth surface, while the workmanship of her joints is so perfect that even the touch fails to detect the slightest irregularity in her smoothness. So far, then, her form, length, and small midship section will have a great deal to do with her speed, but when to these favourable conditions is added the immense power with - which she is hoped to be driven, it is no wonder that such a rate of going as 26 knots, or nearly 30 miles, an hour, is confidently talked of by her designer and builder. Her engines are to be three-cylinder, driven at high pressure, turning one steel shaft (made by Mr. Krupp) which runs through the whole length of the vessel, projecting from the fine points at each end, where it carried a screw. These screws are to be four feet greater in diameter than the greatest diameter of the vessel—namely, 22 feet, and each is td have eight blades, because the two points being only say a foct or so below the water, four of the blades of each screw will always be out as it revolves, while there will always be four of each immersed to do the work of propulsion. In fact, we cannot better describe the general shape of the ship and its mode of progression when at sea than by likening it to a porpoise with a tail at each end. Under each screw is a rudder, and by steering with both the vessel can be turned as on a pivot. As the extreme points wcuid ,be too fine to admit the passage of the screw shaft and its bear ings also, this difficulty is obviated by making 16ft of each end revolve with the shaft, and therefore form part of it, so that, with the increased diameter of the point at the end of the 16fa towards the mid ships, there is ample room gained for both shaft and bearings. Her boilers, like all the rest about this vessel, are on a new plan. There are four of them on the locomotive principle, with vertical tubes. A blast fan is to give them draught , and they are to work at 1501 b. pressure. This is a great pressure, but, as the boilers are built far stronger than even locomotive boilers, it is asserted that they could be worked up to 4,0001 b„ or even 1,001 b., with safety. There are 136 ft. of fire-bar surface, and it is expected that with the aid of the blest fan each of these 136 ft. can be made to burn 50 1 b of coal per hour. If the furnaces can accom plish this, then, according to tho rules which give one nominal horse power for every 2-11 b of per hour, M r . Wi enan ' s yacht w ill coa l s c onsumed' be working at more than 2,500 horse power. For very fast ocean going steamships the ra t e o f h orse power to tonnage is about 21 tons t o one nom i nal horse power ; that is t o say, roughly , engines o f 500 horse power for a fast steamship of 1,250 tons. But our best mail steamships on their fastest trips fi n d it difficult to burn their 30 b. of coal per foot of firebar surface per hour. If Mr. Wienan's then can burn his 501 b., he will, as we have stated, be Work ing up to nearly 2,500 horse po w er, or at the rate o f eight indicated horse power to every ton burden of his vessel; and this, with her slender form, smooth surface, and very small midship section (only 100 ft), should give her extraordinary speed. We do not at say that all these results as to consumption of coal, are certain to be effected, as the principle is quite a new one. The vessel, however, is built to ac complish it, and on the part of the public, who will be the ultimate gainers, we hope she may. It is said also that , as regards motion at se a , ro lling an d pitching will be reduced to a minimum, and es cer t a inly her form seems to eau- that such a re sult will be accomplished. With no top hamper in the way of masts and with ail her weights well below the waterline she is certainly not likely to roll. But if she does not pitch, but cuts through the water, she will take it over all, and in that case, with her upper deck so near the cca, it would be swept fore and aft. By the end of August all these doubts will be settled, for in the middle of that month she is to be launched, as we have said, from Mr. Hepworth's yard, and launched ready for sea with her steam up. As a bold trial of a new principle at the inventor's own expanse and risk, she will at least the. rye s t w ca ,,, and Mr. Wienan has p3id cocaplizo , :nt to our nitti,ntal spirit of progress or des ire for improvement in preferring to build his first yacht here instead of in America; so that we .3118.11 be, in either event, the first gainers by the experiment. Important Applications of Gun Cottons At the Royal Institution, on Friday evening, the recent improvements in gun cotton again formed the subject brought to notice, the lecturer on the occasion being Mr. Scott Russell. In the previous lecture on the subject, by Mr. Abel, the chemical history of gun cotton, and the nature of the improve ments in its manufacture recently made in Austria, were more especially dwelt on ; while Mr. Russell principally directed attention to its uses. He stated that at a late meeting of the British Association a committee was appointed, of which he was a mem ber, to investigate the nature of the great improve• ments which it was known had been made in Aus tria on gun cotton by General Lou; but which were kept a profound secret by the Austrian Go vernment. One of the first things the committee did was to write to Gen. Lenz, to request him to come over and acquaint the committee in what his improvements consisted. This impudent request— as Mr. Russell admitted it to have been—excited a commotion in Vienna, bat the young Emperor, against the advice of his councillors, consented to allow the secret to be known, and Gederal Lenz came to this country and informed the com- mitte whet it was. The object to be accomplished in the manufacture of gun cotton to render it appli- cable, was to diminish the rapidity of its combas- tion, and its liability to accidental explosion. Thee objects have been fully accomplished, as was pre viously stated by Mr. Abel, principally by spinning the cotton into yarn before it undergoes the process of conversion into gun cotton ; and it was shown by that gentlemEln that by mechanical alteration of the structure of the cotton fibre alone the explosive material may be placed under complete control, and that, as he said, you may do what you like with it. What can be done with gun cotton, and what cannot be done with it and its merits, corn pared with gunpowder as an explosive agent, were explained and illustrated by Mr. Scott Russell, who, though he commenced by mentioning some points of objection to gun cotton, finally removed them, and represented it to be in every respect superior to gunpowder, and to be capable of pro. duciog far more destructive effects. As an illus tration of the different degrees of rapidity of com bustion attainable with gun cotton, he first ignited a thick yarn of the substance which was suspended round the gallery of the lecture-room, which burned along at the rate of about one foot in a second. He next took a piece about a yard long which flashed in half a second ; and another similar length of the most explosive kind, exploded instantaneously. A remarkable property of gun cotton, whica consti tutes an immense advantage in its use compared with gunpowder is, that it leaves no products of combustion, behind, and produces very little smoke. Another important advantage is, that it is not in. jured by moisture, and may be wetted and dried without impairing its power. This was shown by immersing a piece of gun cotton yarn in water, which was then squeezed out, and, though still damp, the outer surface rapidly ignited, and when the remainder was squeezed the cotton again ig nited. This property is a great safeguard in the manufacture of gun cotton, for all the pro cesses may be conducted under water, and it is afterwards dried. For ordinary practical purposes the rapidity of its explosion is reduced to an equality with that of gunpowder, in which state one pound propels a projectile from a cannon with the same velocity as three pounds of gun powder. The recoil of the cannon when gun cotton is used is only' two-thirds the amount of recoil with gunpowder ; there is no fouling of the gun, which remains also comparatively cool; and the absence of smoke enables the gunners to continue firing in casemated batteries and between the decks of ships without annoyance. As an explosive agent, gun cotton possesses some re markable peculiarities, the causes of which have not yet been ascertained. A piece of loose gun cotton fired on a balanced scale produces depression, the whole force going off into the atmosphere without any recoil. 'But if the gnu cotton be enclosed in a box or barrel, its explosive force in all directions is much greater than that of gunpowder. Some inn. portant experiments on a large scale have been tried with gun cotton made by a menufe.cturer of the sub stance in Suffolk. A palisade was formed with the trunks of a number of large trees fixed in the ground close together, and a small box filled with gun cotton was exploded near them. A large gap was instantly made, the trees having been cut asunder quite straight, though at the top of the fractures the wood was splintered into matches. Its destructive effect was tried on two wooden bridges, which were com pletely splintered ; but the most important experi ment was the blowing up of a ship of 400 tens burden by means of 401 b of gun cotton enclosed in a barrel and placed under water at a distance of 20 feet. The ship, it was stated, was completely blown to pieces. The force of gun cotton -?hen applied to mining operations is equally effective. At the Clay Cross Collieries it has been found that a blast with one ounce of gun cotton will remove from 60 to 80 cubic feet of coal, and it has been applied at the slate quarries in North Wales with equal success. It is a great advantage in using gun cotton in min ing or tunnelling that the work is not impeded by smoke, which is a serious inconvenience when blast ing with gunpowder. Mr Scott Russell attributed the remarkable diminution of recoil in explosions of gun cotton to the absence of solid matter in the products of combustion. In gunpowder the solid refuse amounts to about 60 per cent. of the weight of the powder, and the - effort required to blow away this " rubbish," he considers, produces the additional amount of recoil. In gun cotton, on the contrary, there is scarcely any solid refute, 25 per cent. of the products of combustion consisting of water ; and he conceives that the expansion of this water into redhot steam by the ignited gases during their explosion is a main cause of the great explosive force of gun cotton. Mr. Russell ventured also to speculate that the lower degree of heat caused by the explosion of gun cotton may be owing to the subse quent condensation of the steam into water, He admitted, however, that the causes of these and of other peculiar properties of gun cotton are involved in doubt, which he hoped the further investigations of the committee of the British Association would remove. He also mentioned that a commission had been appointed by the G overnmen t t o cons id er th e application of gun cotton to artillery. Persons who have been in the habit of paying weekly as I borrowers of Sewing Machines will do well to apply at once and become members or Messrs. Watts and Co.'s Sewing Machine Clubs. By so doing they will not only save the money they now foolishly throw away, but at the same time secure to themselves the possession of one of the best and most celebrated sewing machines in the world. Every in formation given on application; or by letter addressed, with a stamped envelope, to Messrs. Watts and Co., 12, Beaufort buildings, Strand, London, W.C., where meet rs are en rolled daily between 10 and 4; Saturdays, to suck, [AuvEuTisEmENT.]—Consumption, all nervous, bilious, liver, and stomach complaints, in every stiige, are only ag gravated and accelerated by drugs of every description, but perfectly curable by Da Barry's health restoring lievalenta Arabica Food, as proved by thousands of cases which had been considered hopeless. We quote a few.—Cure No. 62,914. Miss Lange, l 8 years of age, cured after the medical men had abandoned all hopes of her recovery from the last stage of Pulmonary consumption, with fearful cough, expectoration, exhaustion, spitting, of blood, perspirations, hollow cheeks ; emaciated to a skeleton. She is now, thank God, a perfectly healthy, bloomin g, fleshy girl.—N. Lange, Commissaire Police. Cure, No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, of Fries ley Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spittinz of blood, liver derangement. and partial deafness.—Cure, No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous taxcles.—Cure, No. 54 , 810. Ihe Rev. James T. Cam:•tell, Fakenham, Norfolk, of indigestion and torpidity of the liver, which had resisted all medical treatment. In tins, 11b, 2s 9d ; 2111, 4.3 6cl; 51b, lls; 121 b, 225; 241 b, 40s. Barry du Barry and Co., No. 77, e Regent-street, London; also Fortnumof fthe United Kingdom. Mason; and all grocers and chemists in every town [AtavEnTisEM,NTI-11olloway's Ointment and Pill s .— There is no question whatever that rheumatism, neuralgi a , and such like painful maladies have been number bee nm of re rfe this seas 3n than f or some y e ars Pa 6" testimo nials of cures effected by Holloway's remedies is unprece dented, and s h ou ld b e en f orce d on the attention of all mit ferers fr om t h ese complaints. T he parts in pain should be fomented f or some minutes with warm b r i me , dried, and immediately well rubb•-d with the ointment. It will pass into the pores of the skin and give the greatest relief. Many valuable lives are annually lost which might be saved if"early recourse in illness were made to these remarkable emedies.which must necessarily prove bonefilial, and can not do harm, THE SUN, LONDON, It ctuNDAY EVENING, MAY 16, 1864 Naval and Military Intelligence, The Albert Memorial. The *orb in connection with this national me morial were last week commenced by Mr. Kelk, to whom the execution of the entire contract has been intrusted. The site chosen for it is in Hyde Posif, almost facing the entrance to the Horticultural Gardens, and on this spot the excavations for the foundation are being made. Fram the great height (160 feet) and the immense solidity and massive ness of the memorial, the foundations have to be taken unusually deep, considering the excellent nature of the soil, which is all gravel. Under the centre part they are to be formed of 16 feet of con -, crete, and nowhere are they to be less than 10 feet. The base of the memorial is to consist of broad and lofty flights of steps that gave access to the work on four sides, and the work itself is to be no less than 130 feet square. The steps of grey granite are to be laid in a double flight, with a broad landing between the upper and lower tier. From this upper landing the memorial proper will rise, the basement being formed of a noble frieze in marble, the figures on which will be in high relief and of life size. The columns which support the spire-like superstructure of the memorial are to con sist of groups of four red granite pillars, each 21t in diameter. Their capitals are exceedingly rich, and will be surmounted with statues of heroic size. The spire, if we may BO call it, which closes in the arch, is one of the richest and most elaborate of all Mr. Scott's designs. It will be built of red and grey granite, and the rich white stone known as Darley Dale. The termical and surmounting cross will copper gilt, and this portion of the be of wrought heworkisto beexeeuted by the Skidmore Art Company, whose rood screen in the transept of the last Exhibition excited such admiration for its exquisite finish. Beneath the groined arch will be placed the statue of the late Prince Consort. His Royal Highness is represented in robes of State, seated on a chair of state. The proportions of the figure are on a scale which, if the statute was repreaentel standing would give it a height of 30ft. The details of this figure and the other groups of statuary which will sur round the memorial are, however, still undecided, The whole work is expected to take four years in completion, and by the terms of his contract Mr Kelk has bound himself to complete it for the sum in hand—Xl2o,ooo. The laying of the foundation stone will be marked by a public ceremonial, at which the members of the Royal family will be pre sent. No date is fixed for this event, which, in deed, is not likely to take place till late in autumn. reduction to recommend. The army, he says, costs greatly too much, and there are 600,000 men on foot, but France has and will have 100,000 men abroad, including Algeria - . 250,000 men are required for garrison duty, and she has therefore only 250,000 men available for foreign service. 'With that force, in his judgment, "she is, perhaps, the only Power in Europe en a peace footing." The inner network Of railways will add a million to the burden of the State, but they haVe been commenced, and Must be finished. The civil expenditure has been enormously raised. but " intelligent officials must be placed on a level with the classes limuns whom they live." The marine requires reduction, but the mark,: are abroad, and reduction is impossible until they are at home again. And so it goes on, subject by sub ject, till the orator acknowledges that the Empire has increased the annual expenses by thirty-two millions sterling a year, and bursts into a perora tion which will be accepted throughout France as a justification of the outlay. "I may be to!d that this general increase of 500 or 600 minim's causes alarm, but that all may be explained by a closer scrutiny. Yes, all may be explained if every three or four years a great war is undertaken without giving the country time to breathe. Such a war as the Crimean, undertaken for a defiaite object, or a war for an idea, such as a Polish war might have been, and the Italian war certainly vas; and then, in the interval, little petty wars, petty in their objects, great in their cost. Yes, in that way all is explained; for we have a deficit every year, and thus we have arrived at an increase of 300 millions in the public debt ; all is made clear if it is wished at one and the same moment to add prestige to the Government, to augment salaries, to demolish and reconstruct cities, to organise the army in the most costly manner, to add to the obligatory expense of transforming our marine that of distant expeditions to found em pires, to confer now and then a crown, in that way, I repeat, all is explained." What Frenchman alive, knowing that he is at med to fight for an idea, that the official world he hopes to enter is powerful and well paid, that the Government is reconstructing cities, founding empires, transforming armaments, giving away crowns, will not accept that position as compensation for high taxes and higher rents? We believe, as a matter of fact, that the indirect teaching of the speech is more, correct than its pro fessed object, that France has earned its penny worth for its penny, that as far as material civilisa tion and external power are concerned the Empire has given full value for all it has exacted. Napoleon has broken up the old coalition of Europe, has raised France again to her natural position as leader of the Continent, has so increased the facilities of commu nication, the inducements to trade, the habit of speculation, and the actual produce of the country —for example, the vineyards and the mines—that France pays 80 millions a year more easily than she paid fifty. But then what kind of statesman ship is it which detesting the regime for other reasons attacks it on its strongest side ? The Liberals of France deplore the awful " corvee of blood," the 100,000 youths exacted year by year, and M. Thiers says Fiance is the only Power which has no need to disarm they rage at the power of sending untried men to Cayenne, and he talks of the cost of the police; they mourn the decay of intellectual vigour, and he hesitates about railways which are equalising advantages throughout the country ; they lament the surrender of education to priests, and he objects to a rise of schoolmasters' salaries; they sigh ror freedom to guide and regue late all this fierce activity, and he questions whether activity be of itself a good. His speech is answered as it is spoken ; for he enumerates the purchasers, and forgets all of the price not expressed in money. It is as if an invalid officer should say, " I spent a thousand pounds in buying this pension for life, and the cost was great," forgetting that helms also spent a lifetime and a leg. Once, and once' only, did M. Thiers rise to the level of his position. He wanted to say that the cure for expenditure was Parliamen tary control, a dangerous topic for any other man in France. M. Thiers, however, though Bona. partist by instinct, was trained in a school other than that of the Empire, and has the tact of speech which is not given to men who are never contra dicted. M. Fould, he says, advised the relinquish. meet of the right to order supplementary credits; and the prerogative was resigned. " Had I been then in his Majesty's councils, I should have said, with the prpfound respect due to his august per son and high dignity, Sire, do not renounce the right of decreeing supplementary credits; it is impossible to foresee that they may not be re quired in the course of the year ; and then it would be necessary to violate the law, an net always to be deplored. I should have added—' instead of depriving us of this valuable faculty, allow me to venture a criticism on your policy, and to this end restore the relations bat ween myself and my colleagues, and then between them and the Cham bers: " That introduction of a demand for the responsibility of Ministers into the Corps Legislatif without reproof from Imperialiits is admirably done, but even in this M. Thiers di 4plays his secret in stincts, He does nut ask th tt the greatest right of despotism, that of spending national money with out the natioa's coeeent, should he abolished or re strainee. He would retain it in full, bat make the power beneficial and transfer it to himself. If these are the criticisms to which the Empire is to be .s-abaitted in the annual &bite it will add to its many victories one in the tribune. The Empire has crushed out freedom and impaired intellectual vigour, placed the thinkers under the heel of the peasants, and statesmee beneath the soldiery, stopped the progress of population and destroyed the security of social intercourse, turned all French men into gsnehlers and destroyed all belief in politi cal morality, made of every savan a courtier and rendered every politician liable to Cayenne, and then M.Thiers declares that its vice is as expendi ture which, as every Frenchman sees, has some thing like a fivefold return. Napoleon gives France a stone for bread, and the great Orleanist only grumbles that the stone was paid for. THE " LONDON REVIEW" ON THE ROYAL PRE ROGATIVE.—These high authorities (the writer has been quoting from the "Lord's Journals and from Hallam's " Constitutional History") establish that, while foreign treaties and wars are by theory subject to the Sovereign's despotic will, they are matters for which Ministers can be cellacto account and punished by the severest penalties, under the principle that it is only by them that the Sovereign acts. And this being the undoubted law, there must follow the rule, as clearly in foreign as in home affairs, that the Sovereign is not justified by the Constitution in acting against the advice of ' Ministers, who must thus bear the responsibility; and that Parliament is entitled to act by Previous discussion as amply as by subsequent inspeacht2eht• Nor has this implied rule been departed from since. the date of the remonstrance which established it. If, on any occasion, treaties have been concluded, or wars declared, for which the previous sanction of Parliament, expressed in unmistakeable votes, has not been given, it has been because Parliament has. virtually committed to the Government for the time the power of negotiation. No instance in modern history can be quoted where it has for a moment passed by the Ministry either to confer on the Sove reign alone such powers, or to acquiesce in his exercise of such powers in contravention of Minis terial advice. Blest as this nation has been for a quarter of a century with a Sovereign whose exem plary private life has been equalled by her strict adherence to constitutional principles in home poli cies, it has bad no inclination to inquire critically into her relations with her responsible Ministers, or to suspect that in this age there could be danger of an extension of the Royal prerogative. Yet it may perhaps seem, to the calm observer of human nature, scarcely possible that in a female reign some such questions should not arise. Those peculiari ties of disposition and temperament which make a woman most loveable and most sacred, are precisely those which tend to urge her, in such a position, to the exercise of forbidden powers. It would be almost unnatural it such an one should not be moved by family feeling and by tender memories, should not struggle tosupport her wishes by her authority, and should het able to weigh against these motives the policy of States and the unwritten restraints of the Constitution. But unhappily that which tends to the overstepping of the constitution makes the transgression doubly dangerous. Personal go vernment, in the hands of a men so wary, so expe rienced, so impassive, as the Emperor of the French, may, during one generation, be successful ; but personal government, virtual or avowed, exercised by a woman's intellect, deprived of the masculine support on which for 20 years it avowedly leant, guided by a woman's knowledge, and inspired lithe woman's feelings, can neither represent the interests; of the nation, nor ec , pl with the astutene ss of forei g n diplomacy. Fer these reasons, we have thought it rig'et to recall to attention that in foreign policy, as well an in domestic rule, the constitution subjects the sovereign, nominally supreme, to the same re straints. It removes the responsibility from her to he Ministers, by assigning to them, not to her, the right to ant, And if they lightly reckon such re speneibilit we dare not. For we , too , every one of me ere responsible to God for our share in the nation's deeds. We can, if we will, do what is right; we can, if we choose, take arms againstf op pression, and beat bavk in time tile advahne is 1 7 13 o vio lence and anarchy in Europe. And tir its per -- power, our duty goes with it. If weiCaitl on_r chil formance the penalty vita lie en us and dren ; for the constitution tolls ue that thF . I.ltieen can do no wrong, and reason tell us as Rtamly th at whatever wrong is done by this nation is not done by its head but by its members. THE to EXAMINER " ON PARLIAMENTARY LYNCH LAW.—There are things which get such. a twist of error at first that they never can be got straight and case of Mr Lowe, the victim of Parliamentary Lynch law. A resolution of the House was levelled at him, which applied to him was wholly false. It servco, however, to drive him from office, and now stands on the records of the house to be fitted to the case of some other, any other, officer of the Council-office. This Lord R. Cecil distinctly states. It is the old story of the wolf and the lamb, little as Mr. Lowe!resembles the helpless animal, "If it was not you, it was one of your family." The mutila tion of reports is charged in the resolution, and triumphantly, says Lord Robert Cecil, a line in the report. of a Mr. Morell has been suppressed! The r nroves the summer. It was said the to stand upon. It is false single swallow . re solution had not a leg , answers Lord Robert, here is its leg, the words, " considering how recently the prese n t teachers have been in charge," struck out of Mr. I'j-cran i a report. There is the one leg, and such a leg ! line was not struck out by Mr. Lowe, but by Mr. Lingen. But what of that ? There is a consistency in the point. Mr Lowe was convicted first and tried afterwards. The resolution aimed at him as passed was entirely groundless, but after it was put on the journals of the honourable house a ground has been discovered for it—a very small ground certainly, and perhaps rotten, but such as it is an afterthought and if Mr. Lingen should finally be acquitted, like Mr. Lowe, the resolution will nevertheless stand good to have a shot at some one else in the Council office. And all this comes of Education, the most fruitful source of strife of our contentious times. The truth is clear enough that the resolution ought to 'have been rescinded. It was founded on mistaken evidence, and passed, as Mr. Osborne says, when the Homeric rage of hunger was superadded to the pas sion of party. Oue thing is but too certain, that Mr. Lowe has been treated with great injustice, and an injus;ice which cannot be repaired. As re gards him, what can a committee of inquiry ascer tain that has' not already been confessed, that he is blameless ? The only question is whether he was run down by his enemies 'or abandoned by his friends ; perhaps a delectable mixture of both. The puzzle to the public is something like the dilemma in which the old schoolmen put the character of Lucretia. Si casta quare trucidata ? si non pare, laudata ? if blameless, why is Mr. Lowe out of office ; if not blameless, why universally acquitted ? Has he, indeed, like Lucretia, to whom he bears so many points of resemblance, been more tenacious of Gme than of reality ? Be that as it may, it is something for him to have to boast, as he may safely do, that he is the worst used man of his day. But his time will come, for talents such' as his, once known and appreciated, proved and approved, cannot be lost to the public service ; and there is that in him which will never let it be forgotten that he is not where he ought to he and has a right to be, by title of intellectual merit. THE " JOHN BULL" ON THE ETHICS OF Go- VERNMENT.—In the ancient monarchies end repub lics it was deemed the highest function ecd most important duty of Government to make men vir tuous. The greatest statesman was he who could by positive enactments do most to accomplish this end, and the best-ordered commonwealth was that which most readily accepted such laws and most strenuously enforced them Si quserit Pater Urbium luscribi statuis, indoinitara audeat Rentesenare licentiam. Bat the lawgiver of old had to supply his citizens with a religion as well as law in the modern sense of the word—he had to train their spiritual life as well as their social life. We, living under the Gospel; have gradually learned that Christianity is a better agent for making men virtuous than muni cipal law can be. The State is acquiring the habit of leaving such matters to the Church, and the Church, though she has still at times a han kering after the help of the civil sword to enforce her sanctions, finds that on the whole she is more patent without such auxiliaries. Nevertheless there is still in Parliament a great deal of legislation which is proposed or accomplished with the view, generally a very honest and sincere one, of "making men virtuous by statute." And the same principle constantly crops out in the incidental discussions which arise in Parliament on points of govern ment or legislation. Thus on Thursday night last, when Sir Edward Daring suggested to the autho rities of the Woods and Forests that it would be a reasonable and cheap kindness to put up two or three sheds in the vicinity of Rotten-row so as to furnish the fair equestrisus of that spot with a place of refuge when a sudden shower of rain might come on, Mr. Scully was amusingly sarcastic at the notion of Parliament spending any time or money for the comfort of Anonynta and her tribe of " pretty horsebreakers." Sir Edward Dering, with the legitietate indignation of a father of a family and a county member, protested against the assumption teat he had referred to " that class of ladies." But seriously we do not see, when a little matter of public convenience of this sort is in ques tion, that our legislators have any right to speculate as to the class of ladies that will :.veil themselves of it. Rein fads on the evil and the geod, and vietue looks to higher rewards than an umbrella at the public cost. Some years ago there was a cry to remove the colonnade in the Quadrant, on the ground that when the weather was bad people took refuge there who had much better have been at one of the "midnight meetings." So whenever an arcade is prcjected protests are immediately entered against the plan on the like ground. We think this sort of thing carries State supervision a little too far. It' the thing is needed for general conve nience the Legislature has no right to be curious as to the undeserving people who may partake in the benefits of it, or even abuse them. On this ground (though we certainly do not subscribe to Mr. Roeback's angry and uncharitable denuncia tions on the subject) we were glad that the House of Commons rejected Mr. Somes's Bill on Friday week. We fully grant that Sunday observance constitutes (at first sight at least) an exception to the principle for which we have been contending, that the State has no right to control us in matters of morality unless these matters can be shown to have a direct connection! with our social duties. Legislation on the subject of Sunday is necessary to guard the interests of those who would unduly suffer by observing the day, if others were left at liberty to desecrate it. In all such cases no doubt a strong claim ought to be made out by those who feel themselves aggrieved. We cannot think that any argument of this kind could have been urged in behalf of Mr. Somes's measure. People must eat and drink on Sundays as well as on week-days, and other people must perforce work in the culinary duties required for the purpose. This sort of work will probably on the whole be considerably increased by lightening the weekly 'hours cf Maritornes and other functionaries whom Mr. Somes may profess to consider his clients. To the 6ahneral public it is a great accomoda. Lion to be able o obtain reasonable refreshment at these p l aces on santdays ; and if some people abuse theaccommodation 13), - eating or drinking too much, or by making an unseemic noise over their viands and liquors, that is no reason e7h9 the part of the community should be mulcted well-disposed of their freedom in the matter. We will say the same of what we may call Sir George Greyte Corfew Bill. He proposes that the State shall do its best to curb the licence of those who propose to themselves not to "go home till morning" by providing that nd one shall keep a house of entertainment open be tween the hours of 1 and 4 a.m. Now it may be very proper that we should all be in bed by one o'clock. But we do not like that the State should see us to bed and take away our candle—more especially when it is done for our own good ; and this, we presume, is the motive of Sir George Grey's action in the matter. No doubt there are houses of this kind where disreputable and lawless people congregate, turning night into day, and making a very ill-spent day of it. But, on the other bend, there are a great many of us who, though spending the night in a manner comparatively re spectable, have still a fancy for "hearing the chimes at midnight" and something more. Are these people—perhaps very exceptional in their dissipa tioe—to be cut short in their nocturnal festivi ties ? Is Malvolio to put on a policeman's garb and to come upon us with the Queen's authority ? Because Sir George Grey is virtuous —the quotation is something musty. All such nights are not necessarily demoralising. Has Sir George Grey never looked in at the festive halls of Mr Patrick Green in Covent garden, and ob served what that worthy entertainer has done to provide a pleasant and respectable gathering for the young lawyers, medical students, and other care less spirits who are looking about for amusement after the theatres? Yet Mr. Green's house will, we suppose, be closed under Sir George Grey's legislation when the clock strikes one, and his audi ence dispersed to roam the streets. These are the classes which are out for pleasure ; the bill perhaps will fall still more hardly on carters who come to Covent-garden market at three o'clock in the morn• ing and find the houses close,' where they met to seek their early refreshment. We do not suppose that the Home Secretary's Bill will pass, but the failure of such schemes has frequently a bad effect in itself.. TIIE THREE HEROIC BROTHERS, THE NAPIERS, AT THE BATTLE OF BUSACO.—Charles Napier, "advancing on the 4th of March, 1811, met a litter , of branches borne by soldiers, and covered with a blanket. ' What wounded officer is that?' ' Captain Napier (George), of the 52d—a broken limb.' Another litter fol lowed. Who is that ?' ' Captain Napier (William), of the 43d, mortally wounded.' Charles Napier looked at them, and passed on to the fight in front," TEM ARMY. R:dar-Admiral R. S. Robinson, Controller of the Navy, visited Portsmouth Dockyard on Saturday, and, accom panied by Rear-Admiral G. Elliott and other officials, went onboard the Royal Sovereign, cupola ship, in No. 10 dock, for the purpose of inquiry as to damage on her recent trial, and also to inspect the state of the vitreous sheathing on the ship's bottom, already referred to in The Suss of the 13th. Port Admiral Sir Charles Fremantle, LC.B., was con veyed on Saturday by the gunboat Tilbury from Devonport into the Sound, where he inspected the crew of the ironcased screw steam vessel Research, 4, Capt. Wilmshurst. The screw steamship Defence, 18, Capt. A. Phillimore, went on Saturday morning from Plymouth Sound into Hamoaze, and was placed alongside the jetty at Devonport Dockyard, preparatory to going to-day into No. 1 dock to be examined, and to have her valves overhauled. For this purpose the paddlewheel steamsloop Geyser was removed from No. 1 dock on Saturday. When the tide rose the Warrior s 40, Capt. the Hon. Arthur A. Cochrane, followed the Defence, and was placed at moorings in Hamoaie, pre paratory to being put to-day into the Princess dock, in the dockyard, from which the gunboats Partridge, Gleaner, and Ferret were removed on Friday evening. Yesterday at noon the iron screw steamship Black Prince, 41, Capt. J. J. B. Wainwright, second in command of the Channel squadron, was navigated from Plymouth Sound into liamoazo for the purpose of being docked. Five steamtugs were in attendance. In order to expedite the operation in Woolwich Dock yard for the preparation of armour-plates for Mr. Reed's iron-cased ships, the Favourite and Pallas, the plate-bend ing shed has been considerably enlarged and the machinery increased by the addition of new machines for planing the edges of twisted, tapered, or curved plates. The machinery has been supplied by the firm of Messrs. Smith, Beacock, and Tannett, of Leeds, with modifications by Mr. Trickett, chief engineer and inspector of steam machinery at the dockyard, as also machines for boring slotting, &o. One of the machines is on a powerfuLand magnificent scale, and was put into operation on Saturday to test its efficiency with three tools working at the same time. The result was highly satisfactory. The whole of the machines worked equally well. By the introduction of these improvements great progress is expected to be made. An uutoward accident has happened on board the paddle- wheel steamer Salamis, 4, 250-horse power, Commander F, G. Suttie, fitting as a look-out ship to be attached to the Channel Fleet. The Salamis had just returned from her trial trip at the Maplin Sands, with Capt. Hall, C,8., and the other officials on board, and was steaming to her moor ings in the Medway, when, from some cause which at pre sent does not seem capable of explanation, the bottom of one of her cylinders was blown out. This accident will detain the Salamis for several weeks, as nearly the whole her ma chinery will require to be taken out. It is the more to be regretted as she was to have sailed on Saturday to join the Channel squadron, to which she was to act as " whipper-in." The following appointments and promotions have been made at the Admiralty :—Commander Douglas Walker to he an Inspecting Commander of the Coastguard, vice Com mander Smithett, whose period of service has expired; Lieut. W. G. Annesley, to the Wolverene ; J. Neil, chief engineer, to the Indus, for the St. Jean d'Acre; Dover Farrant, master, to the Cossack; Dr. W. Smith, surgeon superintendent, to the Merchantman convict ship; W. A. Ringscote, naval cadet, to the Wolverene ; W. G. Carrow, naval cadet, to the Duncan; W. G. Atkinson, W. H. Adlam, G. Christie, Alfred Gibbons, J. S, Caveneagh, Francis C. Corbet (acting), T. M‘G. Bridge, Samuel M. Spry, and Selwyn S. Lugnen, promoted to the rank of masters; J. P. M'Essen, second master to the Investigator; J. Riches and Arthur C. Dowdell, second rasters, to the Dasher ; James Fisher, second master, to the Sparrow; W. T. Tregidgo, second master, to the Caradoc ; Alfred S. Bradley, second master, to the Steady; and Percy C. Smith, acting second master, to the Triton. THE NAVY. The half-yearly insp3ctions at Aldershott have been =- tinned during the past week, in every instance with the moat favourable results. Oa Monday the Ist battalion 6th (Beal) Regiment was inspected by Major-General Taylor, coMmanding the Ist infantry brigade; on Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday the 59th and 37th Regiments and the Commissariat Staff Corps by the same brigadier; and the 87th Royal Irish Fusiliers by Major-Gen. Bates. The re • giments were put through the manual, platoon, and bayonet exercises, as well as a number of field movements, such as advancing in line, retiring by fours from the right of com panies; firing one round by companies from the right; firing one round by wings; retiring by double column of subdivisions, and a variety of other exercises calculated to test the efficiency of the troops to the utmost. On the conclusion of each inspection the regiments were formed into equare, and the General addressed the officers, non commissioned officers, and men, expressing their high ap proval of the manner in which the manoeuvres had been peformed. The regimental and companies' books, the men's dinners, kits, the married quarters, &c., were also inspected, and pronounced satisfactory in every particular. The Aldershott Camp athletic sports and foot racea, under tho patronage of Lieut.-Gen. Sir J. Pennefather, K.C.8., commanding the division, and the Brigadier-Generals com manding brigades will take plr.co on the Royal Pavilion Cricket-ground on the 23d of Juno. Only officers and men belonging to the Aldershott division will be allowed to enter. The head-quarters of the 14th Hussars, under the wand of Col. Thomson, including Capt, Travers, Captain Chadwick, Lieut. Bradley, Lieut. and Adjt. Newton, Major Featherstonhaugh (paymaster), Surgeon-Major Arden, Quartermaster Clark, VeterinctrySurgeon D iwson, with 8 sergeants, 7 trumpeters, and 10t rank and filed, arrived at the North Camp, Aldershott, on Friday, and are stationed in I and K lines. A detachment of the Commissariat Staff Corps left the North Camp, Aldershott, on Thursday morning for . Bristol, en route for Ireland. Twenty-four of the non-commissioned officers and men are ordered to Dublin, and will form the first commissariat establishment at that station; and 29, under the command of Deputy-Assist.-Commissary-Gen. Porter (7fith Regiment), will prcteed to the Curragh. The following companies of Royal Engineers, now serving in the Mediterranean, will be relieved during the present year—viz , the 28th company, now serving at Malta, and the 29th company, employed in the destruction of the fortifi cations, &c., in the island of Corfu, prior to its evacuation by the British forces. The 25th company, now serving in the Mauritius, will also rejoin head-quarters at Chatham during the present year. A detachment of Royal Marines, consisting of one officer aLd nine gunners of the Royal Marine Artillery, and two sergeants, two corporals, one drummer, and 27 privates of the Royal to the oyalM azineLight Infantry. were on S a t ur d a y p l aye d down dockyard at Woolwich by the full band of the division, and embarked for foreign service on board her Majesty's gun corvette Wolverine, 21, commissioned by Capt. Algernon F. R. deatoraey. She is under orders to go down to the Royal Arsenal this morning, and take in her guns and ammunition, and will first proceed to the west, to join the Channel fle.et. Her crew consists of 280 of all ranks. The military invalids from Bombay in the Gosforth were removed to the Royal Victoria Hospital, Netley, by Go vernment tug steamer on Saturday, and the time expired, men and military prisoners landed at the dockyard, Ports mouth. The latter were immediately sent to prison under military escort, and the former forwarded to the depots of their respective regiments. The Goforth left in the after noon for London. Dr. Newman on Dr, Whately. I owe him a great deal. He wes a man of generous and warm heart. He was particularly loyal to his friends, and, to use the common phrase, " all his geese_were swans." While I was still awkward and timid in 1821, he took me by the hand, and acted the part to me of a gentle and en• couraging instructor. Ile, emphatically, opened my mind, and taught me to think and to use my reason. After being first noticed by him in 1822, I became very intimate with him in 1825, when I was N ice-Principal at Alban Hall, I gave up that office in 1826, when I became tutor of my col lege, and his hold upon me gradually relaxed. Ile had done his work towards me or nearly so, when ho had taught me to:see with my own eyes and to walk with my own feet. Not that I had not a good deal to learn from others still, but I influenced them as well as they me, and co-operated rather than merely concurred with them. As to Dr. Whately, his mind was too different from mine for us to remain long on one line. I recollect how dissatisfied he was with an article of mine in the London Review, which BlancoWhite, good humouredly only, called Platonic. When I was diverging from him (which he did not like), I thought of dedicating my first book to him, in words to the effect that he had not only taught me to think, but to think for myself. lie left Oxford in 1831 ; after that, as far as I can recollect, I never saw him but twice--when he visited the University; once in the street, once in a room. From the time that he left I have always felt a real affection for what I must call his memory; for thenceforward he made himself dead to me. My reason told me that it was im possible that we ceuld have got on together longer; yet I loved him too much to bid him farewell without pain. After a few years had pissed, I began to believe that his influence on me in a higher re spect than intellectual advance (I will not say through his fault), had not been satisfactory. I believe that he has in serted sharp things in his later works about me. They have never come in my way, and have not thought it ne cessary to seek out what would pain me so much in the reading. What he did for me in point of religious opinion, was first to teach inc the existence of the Church, as a sub stantive body or corporation ; next to fix in me those anti- Erastian views of Church polity, which were one of the most prominent features of the Tractarian movement,— ,elpol9gia pro vi.fa HIC-CUPPING.—A gentleman, at whose houso Swift was dining in Ireland, after dinner intro duced remarkably small hock glasses, and at length turning to Swift addressed him,—" Mr. Dean, I shall be happy to take a glass of hie, brae, line, with you,"—" Sir," rejoined the doctor, "I shall be happy to comply, but it must be out of a hujus glass, SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. THE " SATURDAY REVIEW" ON PROFESSIONAL SPOUTERS.—At the rrinirose-hill meeting there were comparatively few who looked at all like those to whom, in business and the affairs of ordinary life the title " working man" would be applied. Consi dering its object and nature, the number of boys who had felt their duty to attend was remarkable. A. considerable fraction, perhaps even a fifth, seemed to be under the age of 20. This perhaps was owing to a lurking hope in the breasts of these young champions of liberty that there was going to be a row. To the lively imagination of youth, the glazed hat of a policeman is as typical of tyranny as that of Gesler, and the chance of dancing oa it in a melee would naturally prove a strong attrac tion. Their enthusiasm, however, cost them dear, at least some of the smaller ones who got embedded in the crowd. It was touching, wren there was any allusion—as there was frequently—to Denmark crushed to death be tween Austria and Piussia,or,.to Poland trampled under foot by the iron heel of the depost, to hear these small friends of freedom shrilly crying "'ear, 'ear." They, at any rate, fully sympathised with Denmark and Poland. Another remarkable feature wls the number of unattached spouters who, as their names were not in the programme for the evening, were anxious to get an innings before the regulate began. One poor man had been at the pains to write out his sentiments in a good stout manuscript-book, which he endeavoured to read. But the crowd apparently did not consider it re• spectful to address them out of a written document, and treated his arguments with ridicule, putting qu'estions to him which more frequently referred to his mother than to the right .of public meeting; and he was left addressing empty daisies—or what is the equivllent for benches in the case of an open , dittermien--the moment the real Simon Pares appeared on the scene, which they did arm-in-arm. Why do committee-men proceeding to business always walk arm in arm? Is it meant to symbol 'se perfect unanimity ? If so, the Committee (or the Comity, as the persons who cleared the way in &isted on calling them) were as unanimous a body as could - be dtfsrec. As we have already said that real working men were not very plenty, it is only fair to stare that these gentlemen did their hest to point out the distinctive character of the meeting by putting an instance of severe physical labour in the van of the procession. This was a membl-2 oarry- ing the Italian tricolor. The filgcaff was heavy the evening warm, the ascent steep, and he perspired freely. The subject of these irregulars and of the re them was the same, and the style e rs who followed veryeiiar.Any one who had ever listened for five minutes to a debate in the Discussion Forum or any similar school of oratory might have easily recognised the tone of the professional spouter. Beginning by dilating on his own grie vances—the tyrannical eanduct of his employer, for gentleman gets known among b in i s u t e rt o n tn ee p - o: t a h t i o s so ruu r; ; : 0 ; " fellow that has the gift of the gab ;" then, trying a higher flight, he seeks the bubble reputation even in Coger's Hall, and perhaps gains it-to an extent that makes it worth the land lord's while to enter into an arrangement with him relative to refreshment on advantageous terms, and so by degrees comes to be a confirmed public deliverer of well rounded platitudes. It is easy to conceive gentlemen of this sort being driven to the verge of desperation by the grievance-famine under which they have, suf fered for a long time. There has been such a total want of any good subject for jaw that but for Gari baldi they must have burst. We do not for amoment mean to say that the speakers deputed to address themeeting on Primrose-hill were necessarily per sons who had received their oratorical education in this way. We wish heartily that it had be en so, because, however pardonable in a pothouse C icero, it is painful when a man of education talks blatant bunkum to a crowd of people less qualified to dis tinguish between right and wrong than himself. As to Mr. Washington Wilke, we have nothing to nay. A man with such a name can har dl y hel p himself; he may be almost considered as havin g been predestined to a career of declamation. But there was no reason why Mr. Beales should in sinuate that there Was a desire on any one's part to inter fere with the privilege of free discussion, or why he should invite a crowd of uneducated, or at least slightly educated men to " allow no profane hand to bo stretched out against this ark of nag tional liberty." He knew perfectly well that it was no question of the ark of national liberty— that nobody wanted to profane it. He knew that the only question was whether the ark aforesaid was to be carried about by any selfeconstituted David and sot down in any place where he might think fit to dance before it " as one of the vain fel lows," with more or less indecency and disre g ar d o f the public comfort. Nobody wants to inte r fere with the right of Mr. Beales's "people" to bold open-air meetings; but, unfortunately, Mr Beales's people want, or at least he says they do, to inter fere with the rights of the people in general in m to address meet* the Perks. Unless listening to a s p eec h of Mr Beales's can be f a irly described a . s public recreation, the Parks are not kept UP for him ings in, Nor is it a question of law, in the sense p hieht h to e pGovern ment,rt as trustee for th© beu ntn in which Mr. teaks would have it understood, It is a question of order. It is a question of the come fort and convenience of theun, i p t u i lihp s boundby such means as may be neces sar y. There is no positive law against bathing at noon-day in the Ser pentine, but Mr. Beales and his friends could hardly complain if Mr. Cowper took steps to prevent their coming en Mate, and going throtigh an operation, healthful and invigorating in itself, and in its proper place highly commendable, but, under such circumstances, quite out of plece. The compa r i so n is not an eitrethe title. If Mr. Beetles and his friends are to hold meetings about 9aribaldi in Hyde-Peak, there is; of course, no rea son why the admirers of the Pope ehorild tat also assemble to discuss the effairs of that other eminent Italian. The meetings—such is the Celtic tempera ment—'.might happen to come a simiiltaneously, and, in that case, we think most of the quiet fre quenters of the perk would much prefer the spec tacle of Mr. Beales and a bevy of working men in the costume of nature, to the treat which his anxiety in the cause of public speaking had provided for them. THE " SPECTATOR" ON M. TRIERS' GREAT SPEECH.—His magnificent speech, upon the Budget, magnificent because, like Mr. Gladstone, he makes long columns of figures as interesting as a dis eoure upon foreign policy► or internal reform, is a mere flash in the pan. He depicts the enormous expenditure of the empire in colours which might make en economist shudder ; but then he has no right again. As the French phrase it, the crase has talicn and cannot be efficed. Of this class is the A Horril ;venge, At a large school in the country a rebellion took place among the boys ; the master, very anxious to know the name of the ringleader, at length, either by threats or bribes, or both. induced one of the boys to disclose the name of a boy named Davison. He was, of course, severely punished and expelled, carrying away with him sentiments of deadly tate• instead of the affection he had formerly felt for his schoeete fellow. Many years intervened, during which they never had the least intercourse. The young man who ha peached went to the East Indies. He returned, and landed. on the coast of Devonshire. Stopping to dine at a small inn, he inquired of the waiter what gentleman lived in the, neighbourhood, and hearing that the squire of the parish was a Mr. Davison, the name struck him; he thought he recollected that his former schoolfellow used to talk of his home in Devonshire, ,and while his dinner was getting ready he determined to go to the squire's house. A maidservant opened the door, and he sent in his na me , saying that, if Mr. Davison had been ekue. teed at such a school, he would recJect it. He was intrOduced, and most cordially received by his schoolfellow, w hom he found l a id up with a fit of the gout, and was presoed to dine, with many apologies for bad fare, &c., &c., Mr, Davison having unfor tunately given 'permission to all his servants to go to t neighbouring place, and having kept only the woman. who was his nurse. Mr. Davison appeared so rejoiced in talking over old stories with his friend, ite‘d pressed him so strongly to be charitable enough to pass another day with him, that at last he consented. Next morning the unfortu nate guest was found with his throat cut from ,ear to ear. 01 course, the maidservant was taken up en suspicion—in deed, as it seemed impossible from its nature that time wound should have been self-indicted, and as she was the• only creature in the house excepting her master, who was unable to move, there did not seem a doubt. The trial came on—Mr. Devisem appeared as prosecutor—Lord Rosslyn was his counsel. In spite of the poor girl's protestations of innocence, the case ,seemed nearly decided, when Mr.. Davison sent a note to his counsel, desiring him to ask thee girl whether she heard any noise in the night. Lord Roes•• lyn objected—but his client insisted. This seems to have been one of those strange perversions of intellect by which guilt is ordained to betray itself when all the artifice which had accompanied it is lulled to sleep, What could have been the object of this inquiry does not appear ; its effect was fatal. The girl replied that she recollected hearing a noise along the passage, which had awakened her—but, that, having been much fatigued during the day, she was too sleepy to get up to inquire the cause. More questions were asked, the noises and various other circumstances de scribed; suspicions arose against Mr. Davison, and the business ended in his avowing - himself the murderer. He said that, from the moment in which he first beheld the face of his old schoolfellow, he had determined upon re venging his ancient quarrel by the death of the offender. He had crawled on hands and knees from this own room to that of his unfortunate guest, and, unable to support him self without the use of his hands, had found great diffi culty in opening the door; but, helping himself by his teeth, had at last achieved it, reached the bed, and perpe• trated the horrid deed ; he had then crawled back, and had contrived to free himself from all blood-stains before he got into his bed. It was the extraordinary noise made by his crawling which had disturbed the maidservant, and at last I 2ed to his detection.—Diaries of a Lady of Fashion, re cently published by ffessrs Longnzan and Go. COUNTRY MARKETS. YORK—SAT - eI:DAY. There was only a moderate supply of wheat at market to-day, with an inactive demand, and recent rates difficult to support. Barley scarce. Beans in fair demand, and at rather more money. Oats firm. Wheat, r ed 37e to 39s Oats • 18s to 203 White do .40a to 44s Beans 32a to 34a Barley .26s to 31s Peas ...—s to 3 Malt, 53s to 60s per qr.; 31sT P eas 28s per qr ; flour, 27d to 29s per sack. GRANTHAM—SATURDAY. Old white wheat, 41s to 45s ; red, 40s to 41s per gGst. ; new white, 403 to 44s ; red, 38s to 40s. Malting bail e y , 33s to 36s per qr ; grinding, 28s to 30s; oats, old, 235. tia 265; new, 20s to24s; beans, 34s to 363; peas, 34s to 363. LEICESTER-SATURDAY. We have again to report another week of fine growing weather. There was a scarce show of wheat at market to day, end prices slightly declined, with a limited business• —New white wheat, 42s to 45s ; red, 39s to 41s per 3 6 stone. Old red, 38s to 42s per 36 stone. Barley, malting, new, 33s to 36s per qr.; grinding, 28s to 30s; old oats. ? 28s to 30s; new oats, 21s to 24s per 24 stone. Bowls') old, 408 to 42s per 38 stone ; flour, 26s to 31s per 20 stone. NORW ICH—SATURDAY. There was a large supply of wheat to-day, and prices were the same as on this day se'nnight. The demand ruled dull. Beans, barley, peas, and oats were at former rates, with a slow trade, White wheat. 42s to 44a Red wheat 3Bs to 40 8 Malting barley 35s to 36s / Chevalier barley 338 to 346 Distilling d 0..... 29s to 30s I Oats.. Flour, .25s Od to 26s Od per sack from the miller NOTTINGIIAM—SATURDA.Y. A fair show of wheat to-day, with a moderate attendance of the trade. The demand was inactive, and prices W ere is lower than last wecls... The show ‘,.£ barley wag snla ,w. and little business was transacted, Oats at the rates 1 last Saturday, with a fair business. Beans a ready bale' —White wheat, from 39s to 46s ; red wheat, 378 to 42e. Barley—malting, 30s to 375; grinding, 27s to 30s. 0 ; 1t : old, at 24s to 308 Od; new, 19s to 265. Beans sold at .42 to 42s_,per qr. ; new, 34s to 365. Flour, fine, 27s to 30s; super, 32s to 37s per 20 stone. DUBLIN—FRIDAY. Irish wheat and barley unaltered. A slow trade, and the prices of last week were realised. Oats were 3d Per barrel lower. Oatmeal dull. Ficur steady. e. d. s. d. 1 Wheat, white 24 0 to 26 6 Do., red 2l 6 to 24 0 Do., new 0 to 0 Barley Oats Do., black — 0 to 0 s. d. 0. d. Oatmeal lO 0 to 13 ° o Beans.. . 0 to --- Bere 0 0 to --- 0 Rapeseed Bakers' flour Indian corn Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE.' Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton . * May 19 ,,e via Marseilles ......May ir t;razil and Cape Yards, by British packet. June„''' Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Relena..May China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton. May 1,/ via Marseilles ...May :". Falkland Islands May .:5; r " In i t b li r a al ( ta C r a , lc v u ia tta B ), o a u n th d t' C ra e p y t l o o n n, via Southampton May ‘ , 1 ;, - - via Marseilles May ;',/'' India (Bombay), via Southampton .. MBY 1 1 : via Marseilles MaY Portugal.... J urle , 0 ; Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton MaY 0 1, via Marseilles MaY ,15, Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo .. . l 9, U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.... MaY - by U.S. packet.... ..,, by Canadian packet.MaY io. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and TeneritTe June . Bahamas, via New York June ^O, Mexico MO '' Ail parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, J go r 1 4 ' California, and British Columbia. • -- - - / MR. DISRAELI'S REVOLUTIONARY Erlcp-,, Taunted by many critics, who were confeogdiri; quoting his poem at second-hand, Mr. Disraeli has repo,4 lished, through Messrs. Longman, " The Revolut io n Epick." In a brief preface, Mr. Disraeli speaks of 11 0 716 given up literature for politics, and finding it improb a 0 , 1 that he should ever publish another book, has sonietilot regretted that he could not avail himself of the get privilege of a writer—that of dedicating a volum e hid' ed friend. Lord Stanley is the friend in this case, and to h alt the revolutionary poem is now inscribed. Very itp, souudo the prosaic line of this new preface comp ared l ot& ' that of the old :—" Ir, was on the plains of Troy th at I tiej conceived the idea of this work," it begins. '`lt 410,,,,,, across my mind like the lightning that was then iv ing over Ida For me remains the Revolutioo, • Epick." Readers will sm il e over this y outhful work 1%0 man of genius; but which of us would like to be judg e o / 40 or 50 by the tragedies and epics which we wrote at 1" ilthenauna, _...../.0 t 1, P. H A Births. FITZGERALD.—On the 13th inst., at Merriol l- . - 10 9- Dublin, the Hon. Mrs. Fitzgerald, wife of the Rig ht J. D. Fitzgerald, of a son. tlO ~, HILLS. — On the 11th inst., at The Bank, Cranb rOo'" wife of Edwin Hills, Esq., of a son. a t o° 4° MITFOHD.—On the 13th init., the wife of John Esq., of 26, Palace .gardens, Kensington, of a son. /0 110 Liwrox.—On the 13th inst., at Watford, the wife o f Linton, Esq., of a daughter. Marriages. 1 fl t 16' 6 PAHL—FREEMAN.—On the 12th inst., at Sain t Plymouth, Arthur Paul, Esq., Winchester, to ,Npeee Freeman, second daughter of the late Richard xr" M.D,, of Plymouth. eolleo of WOODWARD--HAYES.-- On the 10th inst., at ... 11-e liot'Lt George Gower Woodward, Esq., of the Maria. eiPpf Puxton, near Kidderminster, to Matilda Lout 74 , surv i v i n g daughter of the late George Ilayoy Halesowen. Deaths. BULLAH.—On the 13th inst., at Basset Wood, near • ampton, John Bul ar, Esq., aged 87. „ 0 5° CnOoE..—On the 13th inst., at 23, Dorchester - rn a " 1 , , ford •:.quare, Miss Eliza Crook, aged 72. FRAsEn.—At Portobello, N. 8 ., John C. Fras er ' O' C.A., General Register House , Edinburgh . tf ott T - IREDELL.—On the 13th lost, at Pelham-crescen t,, n o ,V Lestock Wilson Iredell, Esq., late of Manor -hou" 11 ° ' bury, Essex, aged 65. „ gill-c 4, MOFFAT.—On the 11th inst., at 36 , Craven -hi n ' James Douglas Moffat , Esq., of Harperton, 0,7J0070' ridge. Hall, Roxburghshire, late Major Deng • aged 52. Sti P a g il Otb WHATELY.—On the 10th inst., at Brook h er, hill, the Rev. Thomas Whately, rector a Shropshire, aged 91. ...••• „ T OO : i ll& London : Prin:ad and Prbliehed by WILLIAg of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at 'DIE Sus Officecod Strand, In the Precinct of the Savoy. U the MiidleseX,r-MoladaY, May 1 6 , 1864.