The Sun. — London, England, 1863-08-20 00:00:00

►SIR ROUNDELL PALMER, Q•C• and M.P.- La Vie de Cesar par L. Napoleon—Fashionable Intelli• gence—in FUN this week. One Penny. NI4,W THEA:IRE-R0 'JAL, ADELPHI.- Sole Proprietor and Manager. Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, THE IRISH TIGER. After which, at Eight o'clock, a new drama, entitled THE HAUNTED MAN;. OR, T E GHOSTpper'S BARGAIN, in which will be exhibted Pofessor Pe's adaptation of she Great Spectral Illusion. r Messrs. J. L. Toole, R. Phi lips, efton. C. J. Smith; Mrs. Alfred Mellon and Miss H. Simms. Followed by a new Burlesque, entitled ILL-TREATED IL TRO VATORE. 111 f ssrs. Toole. P. Bedford, R. Phillips, Is:borne, C. J. Smith, Romer ; the Sisters Nelson, Carry and sars, and Miss K. Kelly. Commence at 7. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Manager, Mr. W. H. Swanborough. THIS EVENING, BIS FIRST CHAMPAGNE. Mr. Leigh Murray. Followed by (28th time) THE MOTTO, "PM ALL THERE." Messrs. Honey, Turner, M. Danvers, Collier, Clifton ; Mesdames Ada Swanborough, F. Josephs, Maria Simpson. Wallace, ann Jenny White. To conclude with TI7RN 11131 OUT. Mr. Turner, Miss Thorne. Commence at 7. THE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," Containing the lAtest SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, an be had Every Evening of G. R. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tars DAY.—Morning, 511. 20m.—Afternoon, sh. 40m, To-Ifoßßow.-Morning, sh. 59m.—Afternoon, 6h. 19m, The Weather—Sun Office, Aug. 20, 1863. THERMOMETER. This morning This day at Two o'clock 63 Barometer-29.15. Wind—N.-Westerly; moderate, and cloudy. et . it 'Qiji e --tro, Sn - LONDON, THURSDAY, AUGUST 20, 1863. The Montgomeryshire election will take many by surprise. The electric telegraph this morning brings the final close of the poll, leaving Mr. TRACY with a majority of 109, and this in spite of the time-honoured influence and associations of the great Conservative families of Montgomery. There will be rejoicing, and not without reason, in the Liberal camp; while among the ranks of the Op • position the prominent feeling, we doubt not, will be one general sentiment of unmitigated sur prise. So many recent elections had prospered with them, that, after the successful issue at Ponte fract the other day, they were beginning to feel tolerably secure at the polling-booths, and to con sider a contested election, especially in certain dis tricts, merely as a matter of form—a necessary con cession to the exigencies of party. They begin to find now that they are reckoning without their host. Many unexpected triumphs have, it is true, during these latter months fallen to the share of the Con servatives, occasioned, in some instances, by a very culpable neglect on the part of their opponents, and occasioned very considerably also by a general disappointment among Liberal elec tors at the non •fulfilment of their pledges and promises on the part of Liberal Representatives and Liberal Governments. Great as these defalca tions have been and well-deserving of some natural retribution, the Liberals of the United Kingdom, disappointed and disheartened though they may be, are not disposed to play entirely into the enemy's hands. There is still enough vitality left in the Liberal cause—enough to scatter dismay among the opposite ranks, if only a fitting occasion presents itself. As an evidence of this vitality, an evidence perceptible and tangible to all, witness this unmistakeable triumph at Montgomery ! Here in an old Tory stronghold, upheld by aristocratic influences and political associations of long standing, in the very midst of the enemy's camp, yet a Liberal has there won the day, and by a large majority ! Take heart, then, disappointed electors of Pontefract, and moderate your jubilations, antagonists of reform! The men of Montgomery lave read you all a lesson. They have set an example to their fello w-Liberals of England, one that will not be without its effect in coming days. The names of TRACY and Mont gomery will be worth a hundred votes at every new and impending election. And while Liberal electors are heartened on by this example, by this new proof of the vigour and animus of Liberalism, the chiefs of that party, the popular representatives of that party, men chosen by Liberal electors to carry out, and not merely to cavil about, Liberal principles and Reform, should take the encouraging •ntample to heart individually. Let them ask them selves, until how long the popular patience w : tamely suffer itself to be abused, as it has been during these recent years, by the so-called cham pions and advocates of popular privileges. Let them be warned in time. The same determined spirit, not dead but dormant, that has yesterday placed a Liberal in the place of a Conservative, at Iklontgomery, will, to-morrow, if need be, place some real Reformers and true Friends of the People in the place of some of those Time-servers who now bear and desecrate their name. It is difficult for the casual observer to realise the amount of work that must be done before the ap pliances of civilisation are fully brought to bear on a wild uncultivated land; and before those dis coveries and improvements which modern skill and science have made common among us are practically applied in a rude and untried country. We look around us and see an ample supply of water com munication, a perfect network of railroads, and have at Our fingers' ends maps, charts, and directories for °Y and every spot in the United Kingdom. Pro fiting by these advantages, we are apt to forget the 81 °w and tedious steps by which they were gained, and many rea ders will probably be startled when they hear of a survey g oi ng on f or s i xty years, an d stilt incompletel Yet, when we remember the vast extent of British India, and the numerous obstacles and dangers in th e way of the surveyors, as well as the cautious and dilatory fashion in which every official undertaking is carried on, we shall not, perhaps, be very much surprised at the result. The task of surveying demands men of skill, science, and energy. None but Europeans can be suffered to take charge of Such an expedition, and they have to encounter the dangers of hostile tribes, the extremes of temperature, the iliffi culties of traversing the country, and co untless other impediments. No less than three surveys are be ing carried on. simultaneously —the Trigonome trical, the Revenue, and the Topographical -- at a total expenditure of nearly £170,000 per a nnum The Trigonometrical Survey, which is the chief undertaking, has been in action since the comm ence _ merit of the century. It began at Cape Comorin, and thence proceeded up the Himalayas, the alti tudes of which cif: Jed not the least formidable of the obstacles to the task. Captain MONTGOMERIE and his party succeeded, two years since, in satisfactot ily competing the Topographical survey of more than 12,000 square miles, a great part of which was on the mountain tops. In some parts the stations were 17,000 ft. high, and the highes altitude ever gained as a point for observations was reached, when on one occasion they were made at a height of 20,000 ft. In these lofty ranges, the largest glaciers yet found south of the Arctic Seas were met. We hear of one glacier measuring 36 miles, and a junction of two forming a mass of foe 64 miles in length. The wonderful art of the pmstographer was called on to picture these mar vels k•t' nature, and Amid tie Allence and Stillness of President Davrs's address, recently issued, appears to be spirited and yet moderate in its tone. He says that the enemy continue a struggle in which " our final triumph" must be inevitable. This has long been the opinion of many lookers-on of the struggle, but circumstances have lately damped the hopes and darkened the expectations of those who fancied that the end of that struggle was near. President Davis does not deny the adverse aspect of affairs at present, but confidently declares his conviction of a speedy adjustment of their difficulties, and a happy termination to their long and arduous endeavours. " The enemy," he observes, "elated with recent success, imagine that temporary reverses can quell your spirit or shake your determination. In pursuance of this idea, im mense masses are being collected, and thus success is sought for by desperate plans." President DAVIS eloquently expatiates on the full meaning of that term. The enemy's meaning, he declares, is nothing less " than the extermination of yourselves, your wives, and children—to destroy what he cannot plunder, to parcel out our homes as the spoils of victory, to incite serNile insurrection." This is certainly a sad picture to sketch of a war carried on by civilised nations, but experience has proved that it is only too true in its delineation, and that, dark as the description may be, the reality might be even far worse. In truth, it would be difficult to say to what lengths a Federal army might not go it they were excited by triumph, and desperate, to prove that they had the power to act as they pleased. In another passage further on, President DAVIS alludes to the disingenuousness of the con duct pursued by the Federals in their declining to enter upon any terms, or even to consider the pro priety of so doing. " Conscious of their inability to prevail by legitimate means, end not daring to make peace lest they should be hurled from power, the men now ruling in Washington refuse even to confer on the subject of ending outrages disgracing the age, or listen to any suggestion for conducting the war according to civilised usages." That such a statement should be made, and such a charge preferred against, a State calling itself civil ised is a great disgrace, and as such it will be con sidered by all excepting themselves. The actions that will not bear inspection, the policy that can not bear the light of day, and the men who refuse to act according to the recognised rules of honour among combatants, are unworthy of belonging to a people that once was so distinguished for great qualities. The fact is that the Federal Government is fast losing its hold, and the good opinion of those who were once its firm adherents, and its warm supporters. Mistakes may occur in the rule and management of a State, and misrepresentations be nude to a very considerable extent, but yet both sides may "agree to differ," as it were, and carry on their contention in an honourable style ; but the war in America has been characterised from the outset by a series of deliberate and desperate out• rages on the part of the Federals. It is, therefore, not the language of exaggeration that the President of the Southern States adopts when he stigma• tiaes the ruling spirit of their opponents, and denounces the whole tenour of their actions as unworthy of a civilised race. Often in these ad dresses and proclamations it is necessary to make allowances for the excitement under which the orator labours, and to take for granted that at least half of the matter set before us is composed for a purpose but in this instance it is not so, President DAVIS is borne out by facts in all he say s , hi nts at, and infers. He con c l u d es by strongly impressing upon his hearers the necessity of self-reliance and sted fastness. "No alternative is left you but victory or subjugation, and the 'utter ruin of your selves, your families, and your country. Vic tory is within your grasp ; you need but stretch forth your hands to seiz e i t. " It would have been difficult to find words at ()Pee so sti rr i ng and so impressive. He shows the danger to be avoided, and exhorts them to use the only means of ayertijag a downfall from whioil t4are will be no th ose untrodden heights the magic glasses were set to work, and the icy monsters were reproduced to astonish the eyes of the lower world. The part of the Trigonometrical Survey yet remaining to be done is the country round Vizigapatam, the Central. Provin ces„ Berar, British Burmab, and part of the coast. Thie Revenue Survey is being pressed forward with more vigour, owing to the increased interest wh'ich is now taken in Indian af f airs, and the demand for waste lands which has lately arisen, owing to the improved prospects of the tea and cotton trade is, however, disappointing to find that only two of the numerous surveying parties are working in re ference to waste lands, such as are wanted for tea plantations, &c, At this rate, and. with Sir CHARLES WOOD'S strict regulations e,n the matter, it will be long, indeed, before meretiants and capi talists get what they want. The task is not a light 0113, and considering its vast importance, the autho rities would do well to encourage a larger expendi ture, if by its means they could expedite its pro gress. The surveyors are said to be underpaid, and if so, this is a great mistake, since if European labour be necessary for the organising and taking l charge of an exploring party, it m at a rate proportioned tovalue.ust be If paidrea forly its capable men are required, they will always be worth paying for, and this is surely a case in which eco nomy is altogether a fatal saving. The value of the information collected is often very great. In the last three seasons upwards of 65,000 square miles have been accomplished, the survey showing the general features of the country, the territorial sub-division, and, in some instances, giving the fac similes of the villages. It is conjectured that the Trigonometrical Survey has accom plished about half its business, and the others about one-third of theirs. The Indian Surveyor-General has now a lithographic establish ment which in three seasons has issued 199 maps from the work of the survey, besides plans of vil lages and statistical information. The visitors to our Exhibition have already seen some specimens of Anglo-Indian industry in the lithographic atlas which received a prize medal. Tho mass of informa tion collected by these various parties will probably be of immense service, and we shall be glad to see a greater stimulus given to the undertaking, espe cially so far as regards the survey of the waste lands on the hill slopes. Matters are improving so much in India that we may hope for a little more rapid progress than could have been looked for a few years ago. The accounts brought by the last mail of the expenditure upon branch roads is most en couraging. The want of proper means of transit and communication is greatly felt to be a serious drawback to the development of trade. When these cotton roads, as they are termed, are terminated, the whole aspect of affairs will be changed. In the last two years, we are told, half-a-million ster ling has been spent on cottcn roads, and the present year will show the same rate of expense. A few years of such an outlay will alter the whole face of India, and will render the grand system of railways now developing a practical benefit to the whole population. Since the days of the Romans the im portance of road-making has been recognised by all civilised nations, and we cannot more effectually assist India in her onward progress than by im proving and extending her means of internal com munication. recovery. No one can say that ho has been misled by illusory hopes, or deceived by false promises, when he leads the statement of JEFFERSON DAVIS. The truth in its stern reality is laid before him—in the vista of the future, he may see the shadowy forms of evil and desolation that are to come upon him unless timely measures be taken to prevent the catastrophe. At the same time there is no despon dency in the tone of the address, and no despair observable in the language of the speaker. He wants the assistance of brave men to face the peril, and with this assistance there is no talk of anything but victory full and complete. In order that all may immediately return to military duty the PEE SIDE:IT grants a pardon and amnesty to all who have been absent without leave twenty days. This is a very wise precaution, and may doubtless prove of essential service to the cause he so strenuously endeavours to support. On the whole, the address of the Confederate PRESIDENT is one well worthy of attention, and will find favour in the sight of those who have already appreciated the sterling qualities and grasp of mind which have caused many to de ecnel a a pt r ei e oc nite.hl especially ytl at tEwFtFahsEi this aSpOadNri ffit ce A uu l l r S t h ja a us d nk c m t tu a or d e me x ,tt to issue BStseou,uetahan an address ve r em at co all. bi n ati o Various nsh av unforeseen made thep eventsro andprospects some et s ad of the Confederates appear overcast, but the energetic mind is never too much daunted to face any con - tingency. In his address to the army President DAVIS has shown that he does not lack confidence in the final issue of the controversy, if they have only strength and spirit to carry on as they have begun, and think nothing gained while aught re mains to conquer. LONDON, WITH ITS TELEGRAPHIC WlRES—trailed from housetop to housetop—is really beginning to look, for all the world, as though some Spider of Brobdignag had been spinning about the Streets of Lilliput Among the foreigners of distinction invited by the Emperor to be present at the mar ceuvr2s of the Camp of Chalons, besides Marshal O'Donnell, are the Duke de Tetuan, and Prince Hohenzollern de Sigmarin• gen. The Prince is accompanied by Baron de Los, aide de-camp to the King of Prussia, Colonel Rauch, Lieut.- Col, de Wedell, and Captain Barnes, also belonging to his Majesty's staff. THE MODEL EUPHEIIIST.—In the stilted and euphuistic style which characterizes the writers of the Arcadian age of Elizabeth and the first Stuarts, scarcely any higher proficiency was attained, says a recent critic, than by the accomplished and courtly author of "Religio Medici." Of those high-flown artifices of language, stately or trivial, which formed the indispensable index to a polite and scholarly training—which .are seen in their full poetical flow in Spenser, in their dignified ease in the sinewy grace of Bacon, and in their more delicate fancy in the rythmical prose of Jeremy Taylor—hardly a greater or more varied assortment can well be collected from the pages of any contemporary writer. THE PROPERTY AND TITLE OF THE LATE SIR FREDERICK SLADE.—LegaI proceedings, involving circumstances of a most romantic character, are likely to arise out of a claim made by the brother of the late Sir Frederick Slade to the title and estate of the deceased baronet. It is alleged that when Sir Frederick married Lady Slade the latter was then the wife of an Austrian gentle man, who died in 1857, and not only so but that when the Austrian alliance was formed there was a previous marriage. 'We believe it is a fact that Sir Frederick, for obvious reasons, repeated the marriage ceremony as often as children were born to him. The defence will turn, we are told, upon the legality of the second marriage,which is held to be no marriage if the first husband was then living—it being contended that the third one, if contracted after the first husband died, is thereby a strictly legal and binding engagement. The case will probably come on for trial at as early date, and Lady Slade, of course, will be the most prominent and important witness. Eminent counsel are already engaged for the occasion.—Western _Daily Press, MANHATTAN HANKERING AFTER A CARDINAL'S HAT FOR AMERICA !—The Pope of Rome, he writes in his las , communication, has been spreading himself upon American affairs, in a letter to Archbishop Hughes. The letter is all very well in its way, but it would have been better, and would have given more pleasure both to the archbishop and the American Catholic Church, if he had added in a postscript, " Wherefore 'Venerable Cardinal, we send you with this Apostolic benediction, a new hat of the latest fashion, furnished by our regular hat maker, which we beg you will accept." Our venerable archbishop would have been pleased. eeo would everybody else. As our late consul at Rome says, " The only English paper the Popo reads is the London Herald, and enjoys at his solitary breakfast the Manhattan letters." I hope he will read this hint about the cardinal's hat for Archbishop Hughes, and adopt the kind and Catholic suggestion. The Pope's letter was mitten in Latin, and dated Oct. 13, 1862. It has been nearly a year on its route, having gone first to John Marcy, Archbishop of New Orleans, who is scattered about the Southern Confederacy. GROWTH OF WESLEYANISM.—The Wesleyans combine, in a far greater degree than any other Non-conformist body, practical business-like qualities with religious zeal. It is entirely within the compass of a man's life that they have risen from the very smallest beginning to a society of vast dimensions. Many of their members now alive remember the time when Wesleyans were very few, much scattered, and almost exclusively in straitened circumstances. Now they are all over the world, and their wealth is suet that they can afford to spend £134,887 in one year alone, in the erection of new chapels and the repair of old ones. When it was proposed the other day to celebrate a jubilee in this present year, a member gave £2,000 at once towards the fund, and several others £250 each. That much of this success is duo to the excellent management of their affairs, and to the constancy of their aim and study to push on, very few Wesleyans will deny. They are ruled upon the principles similar to those which produce success in commercial undertakings. They are always pushing out their arms to take a wider grasp of the world—they seldom loose their hold when they have edit;sectr they strive tc pay their way, and endeavour to keep up good discipline among their members. If they are not always successful in this last object, the failure is probably owing rather to intrinsic defects in their system than to any want of energy or conscientiousness in its administration. A MANCHESTER BATCH OF MARRIAGES.—Mr, N. Hawthorne, in a paper in the Atlantic Monthly, on " Outside Glimpses of English Poverty," gives the fol lowing picture :—" I was once present at the wedding of some poor English people, and was deeply impressed by the spectacle, though by no means with such proud and de lightful emotions as seem to have affected all England on the recent occasion of the marriage of its Prince. It was in the cathedral at Manchester, a particularly black and grim old structure, into which I stepped to examine some ancient and curious wood carvings within the choir. The woman in attendancegreeted me with a smile (which always glimmers forth on a feminine visage, I know not why, when a wedding is in question), and asked me to take a seat in the nave till some poor parties were married, it being the Easter holidays, and a good time for them to marry, because no fees would be demanded by the clergyman. I sat down accordingly, and soon the parson and his clerk appeared at the altar, and a considerable crowd of people made their entrance at the side door and ranged themselves in a long huddled line across the chancel. They were my acquaintance of the poor street, or persons in a precisely similar condition of life, and were now come to the marriage eeremony in just such garbs as I had always seen them wear, uncombed, beneath; all and o t the me n i n t h e loafers' coats, out at elbows, or their labourers' jack e t s , d efaced with grimy toil; the women drawing their shabby s h awls tignter about their shoulders,to hide the rag gedness ua with penury unshaven, a care;v en , un washed,no wrinkledthe thing vir 'giu-iik e in the brides, nor hopeful or energetic iu the bridegroom,. they were, in short, the mere rags and tatters of the human race, whom some east wind of evil omen, howl ing along the streets, and chanced to sweep together in au unfragrant heap. Each and all of them conscious of his or her individual misery, had blundered into the strange m 8• calculation of su • pposing that they could lessen the sum of it by multiplying it into the misery of another per son. All the couples (and it was difficult in such a confused crowd to compute exactly their number), stood up at once, and had execution done upon them in the lump the clergyman addressing only small parts of the service to each individual pair, but so managin g the larger portion as to include the whole company without the trouble of repeti tion. By this compendious contrivance, one would appre hend, he come dangerously near making every man and woman the husband or wife of every other; nor, p er h aps, would ho have perpetrated much additicnal mischief by the mistake; but, after receiving a benediction in common, they assorted themselves in their own fashion, as they only knew how, and departed to the garrets, or the cellars, or the unsheltered street•corners, where their honeymoon and sub- sequent lives were to be spent. The parson smiled decor ously, the clerk and sexton grinned broadly, the female at tendant tittered almost aloud, and oven the married parties seemed to see something exceedingly funny in the affair; but for my part, though generally apt enough to be tickled by a joke, I laid it away in my memory as one of the saddest sights I ever looked at. The Lord Mayor of Dublin has forwarded a re quest unanimously adopt e d by th e C orpora ti on t o th e Lords of the Ad m i ralty for the Channel fleet to visit Dublin Bay. where the re i s ample water and satety, as stated in ne Sun a few days ago. Th e Ad m i ra l h as wr i tten to the L or d Pro vost of Gl asz oW that the fleet would be iu the Clyde next week, PIE SUN, _LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 20, 1863. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) MEXICO. MADRID, AUG. 20. Intelligence received here from the city of Mexico to the 12th July states that Cobos and Benavides have agreed with Jaarez to demand, in common of the Powers, that the French intervention should be limited to the application of the Treaty of London. CHINA AND JAPAN, ATTACK ON NANKIN BY THE IMPERIALISTS, EXPULSION OF FOREIGNERS FROM JAPAN. (By Telegraph from Suez.) SHANGHAE, JULY 4. The city is quiet. The Imperialists have attacked Nankin, and captured the outworks. Intelligence received from Japan announces that the Japanese have paid the indemnity. The Mikado had issued orders to expel foreigners and to close the ports. The loss of property caused by the earthquake a Manila amounts to forty million dollars. MARSEILLES, AUG. • 20. The Messageries Imperiales steamer Peluse left this port yesterday with mails for India and China, 36 passengers, 451 packages of merchandise and specie, value £136,032. CONGRESS AT MALINES. (FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.) MALINES, Wednesday, Aug. 19. You called the attention of your readers, on the 20th ult., to the kind of Social Science Congress which the religious world of Belgium, essentially a Catholic country, intended to bold in this its old ecclesiastical metropolis, and to which were invited foreigners connected with any of the religious works to whose social influence the attention of the in tended gathering was to be directed. The invita tion of the committee of the society, or " Assemblee des Catholiques Beiges," has been responded to in a most extended way ; and yesterday, at half-past ten, we witnessed a gathering of representatives of all nations in the fine old Cathedral of St. Rombauf, to the number of something like three thousand, to assist at the grand high mass, which was the open ing ceremony of the meeting. His Eminence Car dinal Wiseman was the observed of all observers, as he sat in the sanctuary next to the cffi. crating Cardinal Archbishop of Malinne, and held the first place in a long line of prelates, beginning by the Armenian Catholic Archbishop of Jerusalem, and ending with Mgr. Geoghegan, Bishop of Adelaide, in Australia. Between these two extreme points were seen various Bishops from Germany, Belgium, Holland, and England, the latter being represented by Dr. Corinth waite, Bishop of Beverley. Several French bishops had expressed their intention to be present, but it seems that their temporal Sovereign objected to their going, on the principal of discountenancing all ten dency to religious independence from State nursing, and that he had intimated to some of them that the borders of Belgium were like a prison the threshold of which may be crossed on entering but not on in tending to return. France, however, was nobly re presented, in this assembly of children of that Church of whi c h s h e i s the e ld e st daughter, by h er best known w r i ters, pr i ests , and zealous laymen, among wh om might be observed the P resident- General of th at world-w id e c haritable organiza tion, the Society of St. Vincent de Paul, M. Adolphe Baudon, who still continues to direct it in all other countries but France, where the jealousy of Imperial power has forbidden the society to have any sort of central direction. At half-past 11 o'clock the gentlemen who had gathered in the Cathedral marched—preceded by the cardinals, bishops, and prelates—to the Petit Semi narie, or ecclesiastical college of the diocese, which is situated at about 10 minutes' walk from the cathedral, and they soon filled the immense hall used ordinarily for the annual public exhibitions of the college pupils. The upper end of the hall was ornamented with a red velvet canopy, or throne dais, under which was placed the crucified figure of the Divine Teacher of Mankind. Above it, agai ns t the wall, might be discerned the portrait of his Holi ness, the present Pope, surrounded by a trophy o f flags of all nations. Other trophies of Belgian flags, with all the rich effect of black, gold, and red, decorated the hall, and in the midst of the most prominent w as displayed the po r t ra i t of the King with the mottoes of " Union" and " Petrie," The chair on the raised plat form at the upper end of the hall, Was at first occupied by his eminence the Cardinal Arch bishop of Mechlin, who opened the proceedings with a most appropriate address, recalling to thos e present the Christian p re cept of union and brotherly feeling enjoined by the Saviour, and which he h a d o p f ro t m ho i s s e ed w t h o reward assembled hs name. specially in the mid st He spoke of their meeting to confer on works of faith and of charity, and on the duty of laymen to the Church to support and defend her as children do for a mother, a duty which they could but imperfectly fulfil if isolated from each other. He invoked for them the spirit of courage and wisdom, and recom• mended them to aim at practical conclusions in their endeavours to render service to the Church. He recommended also the greatest consideration and freedom to be extended to the expression of all opinions morally just and honest. Their mission was one of faith and charity, of truth and civilisa tion. It would tend to make them better citizens and benefactors to their fellow men. He announced in conclusion that his Holiness the Pope sent them his blessing and a special brief, approving the objects of the meeting. He promised that the holy sacrifice of the altar would b e offered daily, either by himself or by some of the bishops present for the success of the Congress, and he ter minated by again best ow i ng on the assembly h i s own blessing. His eminence then left the chair, to sit in the body of the hall in the midst of the pre lates, who formed the first line of spectators, and at the left hand of his eminence Cardinal Wiseman. In a few minutes, M.Dupectiaux, the indefatigable secretary and organiser of the Congress, had sub mitted to the assembly the names of those proposed as officers of the meeting, and soon the venerable Baron de Gerlache was seated in the chair as Pre- sident of the Assembly, and began to read an address which received additional interest from the weight of authority of such a man, who, after having been the President of the first Belgian National Assem bly, and the most prominent author of its free con- stitution, now leads a secluded life and speaks very seldom in public. The assembly heard him, with ever-increasing delight, define the object of this meeting as being—not to widen the divisions already existing in Belgium and throughout Europe, not to foster party spirit, but to unite more closely together Christians of all countries, whose device was love for friends and for enemies. If Catholicity was a party, it was that of the people and of the poor; while those who opposed it had no fixed principle, but that of aiming at power for the pur pose of enjoying its fruits among themselves only. The perpetual agitation produced by such ambi• tious instincts compelled Catholics to hold such assizes, not to be left defenceless, at its mercy. Liberty was not to be separated from religion. Catholics should 10-te liberty dearly, for without it they c,;uld not be thus assembled. The Church was a mother towards whom they had a double duty as citizens and as Catholics. In Belgium they had for merly experienced what it was for a Catholic nation to be subjected to a foreign Protestant Power; but they now found that it was very similar to being under the rule of free-thinkers, who, mingling vio lence to cunning, destroyed gradually all real liberty in the name of the law. Catholics, on the other hand, never provoked their enemies, but wished simply to profit by the freedom which the con stitution had decreed to belong to all. Under their formerstate of subjection in Belgium, they had seen themselves compelled to receive even their clergy at the bands of Xing William of Holland, Who insisted ou ys t ps priests being mado to study in ©dim tional In the evening the Jardin Botanique of the town was splendidly illuminated, as part of the festivals, which are kept up here for the whole week. Gakpactni, to-day, in allusion to the Great Con gress, the inauguration of which has been here described by our Special Correspondent, thus noti fies the loyal reception accorded by the people and visitors at Malines to King Leopold and the Royal Princes:—" A grand fete at Alines, in Belgium, on the occasbn of the Jubilee of Notre-Dame d'ilans wyck, commenced two days back in presence of a great concourse of spectators. At 1 o'clock the King with the Duke and Duchess de Brabant, arrived, and were received by M. Broers, the Burgomaster, attended by the Communal Council, and by the Chevalier Pycke, governor of the province. The Royal party at once proceeded to the Archbishop's palace, amidst loud acclamations. At two the authorities were received by the King, when the Burgomaster delivered a loyal Address. At the close of the reception a grand cavalcade was to have taken place, but, unfortunately, the weather was so unpropitious,the rain falling in torrents, that it was postponed to the 20th, In the evening the King, and the duke and duchess, were present at a grand ban quet given by the town. At the dessert M. Broers proposed the health of the King. The toast was drunk with the loudest acclamations, which his Majesty briefly and appropriately acknowledged, amidst repeated cries of " Vive le Roi!" F THE FRANKFORT CONGRESS. THE EMPEROR'S SPEECH. FRANKFORT, Aug. 18, 7 p.m. The military part of the population of Frankfurt was a-foot at 5 o'clock this morning, and greatly it disturbed the slumbers of the burghers and of the strangers now residing here. At the hour mentioned, military bands paraded the streets, and at short in tervals guns were fired in honour of the Emperor of Austria, who to-day celebrates, at Darmstadt, his birthday. His Majesty wished to spare his fellow potentates the trouble of calling on him to offer their congratulations, but in matters of etiquette German Sovereigns are great "sticklers," and they therefore proceeded in corpore to a railway terminus in this city, at which the Emperor was expected to arrive at half-past 10 o'clock. His Majesty was as punctual as usual, and, as a matter of course, he was obliged to accept the more or less lung winded felicitations of his illustrious " brothers and cousins." The banquet given by the Senate of the free city of Frankfort went off with great éclat, but the fireworks partly failed, as it rained heavily in the afternoon. In the evening the weather cleared up, but the air was so damp and cool that few persons were inclined to remain long out of doors. The Duchess of Cambridge and the Princess Mary were to have seen the fireworks from a villa on the right bank of the Maine, but it is very pos sible that their intentions were not carried out. The Duke of Cambridge is frequently here, and the names of the Earls Granville and Clarendon appear in the strangers' list. The Emperor of Austria gave the following toast at the oivic banquet : " I speak in the names of the Sovereigns here present, and thank the Senate and municipality of the free city of Frankfort for the hospitable reception given to us. I think that we—the Princes of Gtarmany assembled in this federal city—cannot better express our gratitude to our patriotic hosts than by proving to them that a heart-felt love for our common Fatherland is the bond of union between it. " We all cherish a friendly feeling towards this honour- , able city, which is so rich in historical recollections, and your illustrious guests will therefore readily join me in emptying a cup to the welfare and increasing prosperity of Frankfort." The speech which the Emperor of Austria made at the opening of the Congress of Princes is as follows : ' Most illustrious and beloved Brothers and Cousins, ' most valued Confederates,—An assembly of the heads of the German nation, for the purpose of deliberating on the wel fare of the Fatherland, is an event which has not occurred for centuries. May we, by the blessing of an Almighty Providence, be on the eve of a happy future. "Confiding in the elevated sentiments of my fellow Princes, confiding in the just spirit of the German people who have been enlightened by experience, I have sought to , bring about a meeting at which the German Princes should in a fraternal spirit unite their hands for the strengthening pefestigung) of the C on f e d eration. I have deemd it my duty openly to express my conviction that Germany justly (mit _Becht) looks forward to a development of its constitu tion (rErfassung), which shall be in accordance with the necessities of the times, and I have come in person to ex change ideas and opinions with my Confederates, and to state what I consider feasible, and what I, for my part, am ready to grant. "Your !'Majesties„ and all of you, my illustrious and be loved Confederates, accept my thanks for your kindness in consenting to act with me. " I have forwarded to my illustrious Federal allies the draught of a project of reform which was drawn up under my immediate superintendence. "Being of opinion that the sphere of action of the Band should be enlarged, I, in my plan of reform, propose its that the executi ve p ower shall b e p l ace d i n t h e hands of a Direc tory, which s h a ll h ave a F e d era l C o uncil at side. We require the periodic a l meeting of an assembly of Deputies, which shall have full power to participate in the legislation and in the control of the finances of the Band. I propose that there shall be periodical meetings of the German Princes. By the introduction of an independent Federal Court a satisfactory guarantee is given for the proper ad ministration of justice in Germany. Ire all these matters the principle of the Equality of the several independent States will, as strictly as is possible, be upheld. At the same time, due regard must be paid to their political in fluence tend to th 9 nuyabcr of Clair iAlittbitug, iu Q via teat establishments of the State, where the teaching of ' professors was specially devised to undermine their faith, while he closed all colleges and schools kept by men of religious independence, and secured to himself a monopoly of science. This iniquitous process was not devoid of certain outward forms of liberty. He recalled this not from any wish to revive any ill-feeling against the neighbouring Dutch nation with which Belgium became daily more united from commercial intercourse, and the common interest of the defence of their individual independence. But he wished to show that now the system of a free press, under which they were, was less corrupting than the influence of power, and that it was amply compensated by freedom of edu cation. In fact, while they considered the moral statistics of Belgium, and watched there the struggles of the parties which divided the world— tt e Christian and the anti-Christian—they must take into consideration the immense good produced by such a University as that of Louvain, which has now been in existence for more than thirty years. As we shall find the Baron de Gerlache's admirable discourse published by all the Belgian and French religious journals, I refrain from giving you a more extended report of it. At the end of it, the brief addressed by the Pope to the committee was read to the assembly, which stood up during its reading; after which the address drawn up in answer was unanimously approved, and a telegram sent to Cardinal Antonelli to apprise his Holiness of the dutiful wishes and thanks of the assembly. An address signed by 750 pupils of the Louvain University was also read, and the nomi nation of the officers of the five sections of the con gress took place. The secretary announced the list of the orators who would address the meeting on the successive days, among whom is included the Count de Montalembert, who is expected to speak on Thursday, on the principle of a free church in a free state, a principle which has been so mis quoted against him. Cardinal Wiseman is to address the assembly on Friday on the state of religious and charitable works in England. At 5 o'clock, the members of the congress met again, dividing their numbers and attention among the five sections into which the discussions of the Assembly resolved themselves. I attended on this first day the fifth section treating of the press, and especially of the question of founding in Belgium a great Catholic international journal. The first three articles of the programme were approved of, after a most animated and interesting discussion, in which the following gentlemen took part :—The able president of the section, M. Ad, Dechamps, Minister of State; Mr. Charles Audley; M. Digard, of Paris; M. Lemmens, of Ghent; Prince Ladislaus Czartoriski, the celebrated preacher ; Abbe Mer millod, of Geneva; Senor D'Albeida, from Lisbon, the superior of the Polish mission in Paris ; Herr Meyer, from Cologne; M. Armand Neut, of Bruges; and Count de Theu.s, Minister of State in Belgium, The discussion of that section, which lasted a little longer than that of the others, terminated at eigh o'clock. an effective executive power and a general representation in the Bund may be inseparably united. "All details are based on one single idea—an idea that has taken complete possession of my mind. It is, that the time has come for renewing in a way which shall be in accordance with the spirit of the times, the Bund which our ancestors entered into. By allowing our peoples to participate in the Bund, we shall give new vigour to it, and enable it to up hold to the end of time (bis in die spdtesten Tage) the honour, power, security, and welfare of Germany as one great and inseparable whole. " Doubtless my propositions will admit of improvement. I readily admit that such is the case. But I beg my Con• federates to take into consideration whether it is not our common interest not to postpone, even for a time, the ac ceptance of a plan which, as it now stands, is a great im provement on the present state of things in Germany. In the proposed Act of Reform (Reforiii-acte) the necessary means for repairing its defects in a constitutional way are pointed out. I see no prospect of finding a firm basis in the ques tion relative to the future of Germany by means of pro longed deliberations. The question must be settled by the prompt, unanimous, and disinterested resolves of the Ger man Princes, who : in matters of inferior moment, most magnanimously make sacrifices for the attainment of the great object which they have in view. "Most illustrious and beloved Brothers and Cousins, most valued Confederates,—As you all share with me the " exalting " (erhebend) impression of the present moment, so must you participate in the deep regret which I feel that Prussia is not represented here. One of my most heartfelt wishes has not been fulfilled. I was not so happy as to be able to persuade King William of Prussia to participate in person in our work of union' (fint,gungs•werke); but, nevertheless, I have not lost the conviction that the results of this day will be salutary. The King of Prussia fully appreciated my arguments concerning the urgent necessity for a reform of the Band. King William had no other objection to make to my proposition to hold a Congress of Princes than that the necessary preparations for such an important step had not been made. In principle, the King was not opposed to an assembly of Princes, but he was of opinion that a Conference of Ministers ought to precede it. I called his Majesty's attention to the fact that all former negotiations by means of second persons (11ittelspersonen) had been fruitless, and that it was for us to reform the Build, and that we were firmly re solved that the German nation should no longer be de prived of the means of enjoying greater (hohere) political development.' Let us pass quickly over mere matters of detail for the sake of the incalculably more important whole. In good federal faith let us preserve for the mighty (king dom of) Prussia the place to which she is entitled, and let us hope that our unity will produce an indelible impression on ail German hearts. " In as far as I am personally concerned, my allustrious Confederates and Friends, I shall always feel satisfied to have done all in my power to draw closer the ties which unite all the German peoples, and to make the Bund, as one great power (Gesammt»tacht) a boon (Bell) for Germany and a guarantee for the peace of Europe." The Emperor of Austria delivered (read) his speech in such an impressive manner that his hearers could not doubt that he deeply felt the necessity for a reform of the Bund. When his Majesty had done speaking there was a murmur or rather " bum" of approval, which was continued until the King of Bavaria rose to reply to his fellow Sovereign. In substance his Majesty said that he acted as the mouthpiece of his illustrious Confederates when he assured the Emperor that they fully shared the opinions he had just expressed. The members of the Band then present had accepted the invitation of his Majesty without knowing the exact nature of the propositions he was about to make, as they felt assured that the rights of all would be respected, and that if sacrifices were necessary, they would be required of all the members of the Bund, and not of some few of them. The King of Bavaria said,-- "The assembled Princes will take the propositions made by your Majesty into conscientious consideration, and it is probable that some modification of them may be deemed desirable, although we are as desirous as yourself that the important questions now at issue may be brought to a speedy and happy end. We share the regret of your Majesty that the King of Prussia, our dear federal ally, is absent, but we cherish a hope that at our next meeting for the despatch of business that powerful link in the great chain which con nects the different German States will not be wanting." It is said (but I know not with what truth) that the King of Saxony, who is a literary man, acted as secretary to the Congress. The only furniture in the hall in which the Congress of Princes holds its sitting are a very large table and a certain num ber of arm-chairs, on which are emblazoned the arms of the different members of the Confederation. There is one chair of less pretension, which is said to have been intended for the person who was to act as amanuensis. FRANCE. DECREE AGAINST THE BISHOPS' LETTERS, PARIS, AUG. 20. An Imperial decree has been published to-day condemnatory of the Bishops' letters on the subject of the elections, and declaring them an abuse of ecclesiastical authority. The preamble of the decree states that it is based upon the articles of the Concordat and the Papal Bull of December, 1801, the apostolic decree of 1802, and the declaration of 1682, establishing as a funda mnntal maxim of French public law that the Chief of the Church and the Church itself have control solely over spiritual and not over temporal and civil affairs. The last basis quoted in the decree states that the bishops and archbishops are not empowered to deliberate together or pass common resolutions without the special permission of the Government. BOURSE, Aug. 19.—The arrival of Console with a rise of 4-, has tended to maintain the firmness before apparent in this market, but without causing any further improvement in prices. Threes are now unvaried at 67f. 65e. Little doing in Railway Shares, and up to the present time the variations have been but trifling. The market closed as follows : li per Cent 5....,.. 96 85 Italian Loan 72 85 Do. end month.... Do. end month 72 70 3 per Cents ...... 67 85 New ditto Do. end mont h ..,, 67 85 Do. end month 72 75 Credit Mobilier.... 1125 Russian Do, end m0nth....1123 75 Austrian Bank Shares 3385 Spanish Threes.... Credit k oneier l2bo , Rome Debt - RAILWAYS. Orleans Northern .... New ditto • Lyons and Mediterranean 1031 25 .. 1030 Geneva 492 50 .. 492 50 Southern 712 50 .. 716 25 Western Eastern Sardinian Austrian Lombard North of Spain Saragossa .. 680 .. 682 60 Ditto to Barcelona .... 355 • • • 355 Cash. Account. 1020 .. 1020 990 .. 990 A RUSSIAN -AMERICAN ALLIANCE.—VIENNA, Aug. 1 7.—The Prase says :—,. We hear that com munications have been received from an English source, according to which we must prepare ourselves for the ap proaching ratification of an offensive and defensive alliance between St. Petersburg and Washington. This eventuality, should this somewhat speculative information be confirmed, would principally affect the bearings of the Mexican and Polish questions." METROPOLITAN BENEFIT SOCIETIES ASYLUM. —Toe Fancy Fair and Ball, arranged at this Institution for Monday and Tuesday,was so successful that the festivities were continued on 'Wednesday, and the efforts of the ladies to swell the Endowment Fund were most un tiring. The chief feature of the soiree was the spirited rendering, by Miss Emma Wallington. of several Poems by Eliza Couk, and one on Poland, written by herself. An excellent glee choir, sang at intervals ; and on the grounds during the day, the bands of the Duchess of Kent Lodge. Staleybridgo Odd Fellows, St. Bartholomew School, and Finsbury Rifles, entertained the visitors, thoroughly arousing the neighbourhood of Ball's-pond-road from its d quiet. There are now six candidates for admission to the Asylum, from whom one is to be elected at the half yearly meeting, fixed for the 28th inst., at Salter's Hotel, Victoria-street. HOPE DEFERRED MAKETH THE HEART SICK. —At a recent examination of Mr. Logie, farmer, Marrayshall, on his sister entering the box to be examined, the following conversation took place between her and the opposing agent :—Agent--" How old are you P" " Oh, wee), sir, I am an unmarried woman, and I dinna think it richt to answer that question." The Judge—" Oh, y es, answer the gentleman how old you are." Miss Jane—. " Weel a weel, I am fifty." Agent—" Are you not more ?" " Weel, lam sixty." The inquisitive writer still farther asked if she had hopes of getting married, to which Miss Jane replied, " Weel, sir, I winna surely tell a lie—l hinna lost hope yet ;" and she scornfully added, " but I Widna marry you, for I am sick tired o' your palaver already." The examination then proceeded.—Dun4c Courier. A SLIGHT CONFUSION OF IDEAS.—Under the head of Renter's Telegram, the Court Journal bewilder ingly announces that " the Archduke tlaximiliana (sic) 1a; accapteti the throne oY Ureeee (I) 4'l_ ((iffurt /rituyeA,„ 141. HER MAJESTY. The Queen in Germany. ROSENAU, COBURG, Aug. 16. The Queen arrived at Rosenau at ten o'clock yeE• terday morning. Her Majesty was much fatigued by the intense heat in the journey from Laeken, and has remained in perfect quiet since her arrival. The Duke of Coburg is absent at the Congress at Frankfort, and the Duchess of Coburg received her Majesty and the princes and princesses at Rosenau, and visited her Majesty in the evening. A communication from Lisbon, in announcing the confinement of the Queen of Portugal for October, states that King Fernando will be the godfather, and the Princess Clotilda, sister of the Queen, godmother.—Galiqnani. The Duke of Somerset, the First Lord of the Admiralty, together with the Hon. Captain Drummond, C. 8., Mr. Stansfeld, M.P., and Rear -Admiral Robinson, returned to the Admiralty last evening from a tour of in spection of the westbrn ports. The duke and commis sioners closed their visit westward yesterday, after visiting Pembroke Dockyard. Vice-Admiral the Hon. Sir Fred. Grey and Rear-Admiral Eden, C. 8., had returned to town the•day previous from Devonport and Falmouth. The Duke and Duchess of Northumberland left town yesterday for the north, for the season. The duke was to stay at Newcastle last night, on his way to Alnwick Castle, and the duchess was to pay a visit to Lord and Lady Wenlock at Escrick Park, Yorkshire. The Duke of Newcastle has left Thomas's Hotel, Berkeley-square, for his seat, Clamber, Notts. The Earl of Dunmore left Dunmore Castle, N. 8., at the end of last week, in order to embark for Canada, to• resume his military duties with his regiment, the Scots Fusilier Guards. The Earl de Grey returned to town last evening from a personal inspection of the fortifications in the western district. The noble earl extended his progress of inspection as far as Pembroke. Lord Londesborough has returned to town from attending the review of his volunteer rifle corps in York shire. Lady Mordaunt and Alin Mordaunt have ar rived At the Alexandra Hotel (late Wallaco'k), Hyde-park corner. Lord and Lady Chelmsford and the Hon. Miss Thesiger and Lady Rolle have left Port Elliot for Pen earrow, on a visit to Lady Molesworth. ... Lord Clarence Paget, M.P., after attending with the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty in their inspec tion of the western ports, has gone to his seat in Wales, to join Lady Clarence Paget and family. Major-General Frederick W. Hamilton, CM, Vice•• President of the Council of Military Education, left town on Tuesday evening for Germany. The gallant general intends to be present at the great military ma nceuvres of the Prussian army this autumn. General Ha milton is not expected to return home until the close of the ensuing month. DEATH OF SIR ANGUS CAMPBELL, BART.—We have to record the death of Sir Angus Campbell, Bart., who died on the 13th inst., at Dunstaffnage Castle, Argyllshire. The late baronet was the eldest son of Sir Donald Campbell, who obtained the baronetcy in 1836 for his civil services. He succeeded his father, who was Lieu tenant-Governor of Prince Edward's Island from 1847 to 1850, in the latter year. The late baronet emered the navy, and obtained the rank of lieutenant in 1849. He was un married, and is succeeded in the baronetcy and estates in Argyllshire by his next brother, Donald. The Campbells of this line are descended from Colin, first Earl of Argyll, and from him his descendants hold the hereditary title of Captains of the Royal Castle of Dunstaffnage, SIR JAMES HUDSON has presented to Verdi a very fine copy (by Poussin) of the Venus of Titian. Several of the Paris journals mention that M. Dubois de Saligny, the French Minister at Mexico, is about to be recalled. The Malta and Alexandria Telegraph Cable has been repaired, and is now open to the public for messages direct from London to SUEZ. OLD SMITHFIELD is about to be turned into a new poultry and meat market. HEAVY CHARGES !—lt has been calculated that nearly six tons of lead were shot into the Wimbledon butts, in the form of bullets, during; the late competition I DENISON'S REPLY TO LYELL I—Sir William Denison, Governor of Madras, brother of the Speaker and of Archdeacon Denison, is writing a reply to Sir Charles Lyell's recent work on the "Antiquity of Man." A CLASSICALLY SARCASTIC HINT.—If sensation ropewalking continues, it has been suggested that every tea-garden or circus where Blondins, either male or female, perform, might, perhaps, be dedicated to the public, with the appropriate and classical motto of " Morituri to salu tant.".. A monument to Captain Cook, the great navigator, is to be erected in the Sandwich Islands. THE "UNBLEACHED AMERICAN s."—The Eighth.. avenue Railroad Company have p , sted the following notice in their office and in, the several cars running on their road :—" Coloured persons are not allowed to ride on the cars of this company."—New York Times. CURRENTE CALAMO! From an ingenious answer to Dean Alford's recent attacks upon Jour nalists in reference to "The Queen's English," we extract the following brief passage from our contemporary, the Sheield Independent :—" The most obvious reason why the writing in newspapers is, as a rule, more liable to mis takes than that in less ephemeral productions, is the haste with which it is inevitably composed, and the hurried man ner in which it has to be corrected. Time, with newspapers. and especially with daily newspapers, is of primary import ance. The matter must be ready by a certain hour, and the time for its preparation is always short. This necessi tates off-hand writing. The editor has no time for care fully weighing every sentence, for labouring antitheses, and for scrupulously choosing each word. He has to select his subject, to ascertain its bearings, and to express his opinion. thereupon in clear and forcible rather than elegant language. And for the whole process he has probably about as much time as the Dean of Canterbury IN ould take in making up his mind what to write about." REYNARD OUTWITTED BY A PlKE.—Whilst fish ing in the great pond, a large pike of 18 or 191 b. weight was caught; this was to be brought at night to the castle at Pyrbaum ; but it escaped —sprang out—as the vessel in which it was placed was not properly watched, and the persons who carried it came home empty ; so they were sent back to seek for the pike. When they arrived at the place where the pike was lost, they observed a fox in the wheat, who even on their approaching him remained standing still; whereupon they hurried nearer, and per ceived that the pike had hold of the fox by the snout, and had so bitten into it that they could not release it. So the fox was killed, and the living pike brought to the castle.-- Cholniondeley Pennell': Angler Naturalist. MADAME Puss—A WORD IN HER FAVOUR .-- The faults of puss, like those of women, are chiefly due to the injudicious way in which she is ordinarily treated by men. The faculties of the dog are developed by regular food, freedom, kindness, and association in our daily amuse ments. The cat is restricted to the house. stoned if she leaves it, fed scantily or not at all, despised as a household drudge, a forlorn Cinderella—but for whom, however, we should be overrun by vermin—abandoned to the caprices of children, and made occasionally the subject of cruel scientific, experiments. We ill-treat her and yet inveigh against her want of affection ; we dine on mutton and reproach her with her carnivorous instinct ; we frequently resent even a kind ness, and are shocked at her promptness to avenge a wrong. I confess that I rejoice to hear the howl of lamentation that follows the scratch she inflicted on the vicious child whose daily amusement is tormenting her ; for it is not well, because parents are injudicious, that cruelty and lack of consideration for the sufferings of our fellow-creatures should pass unpunished.—Once a Week, GALLANT CONDUCT OF A CUSTOMS' BOATMAN.--"' SUNDERLAND, Tuesda y.—Last ni g ht a b out e i ght o ' c l oc k pilot, in descending the quay in the North Dock Basin, fell into the water. A man in a boat attempted to get to him, but could not. The pilot had sunk, when George John ston, Customs' boatmen, leaped from the quay, caught kilm by the hair, and held hi m up until beth were rescued from their perilous position. DESPATCH OF AMERICAN MAILS. —SOUTHAMP" TON, August 19.—The North German Ll o yds' steam-ship, New York, Captain Wenke, sail ed hence at 2 p.m. to day with the French and English mails for Nov York direct. She took out 167 saloon, exclusive of keersga passengers, also a large and valuable cargo, including 76,384 francs value in jewellery from Havre. Amongst the Passengers by the New York were Mr. and Mrs. Ferrero and family, Mr. Hillman, United States consul at Ronlo Mr. Turner and family ; Colonel Morton and family, ke. ; Captain von Boleslawaky, of the Austrian artillery ( I '''" goes out on a mission from his Government). The Ameri can families, who have spent the summer in Europe, are now returning home, and many applications for passage in th e New York had to be refused. A MIGHTY RUSH OF WATERS.—An unsuccessf ul attempt was recently made to sound the Falls of Niaga ra ; An iron weight of ten pounds was let fall f rom a hoig4t 0 : 225 feet. it struck the surfac e fairly withthe point, but was not out of sight for a second, skipping like a chip on the surface. The velocity of the iron, when striking, wust have been equal to 124 feet per second, and its 5,000 pounds. This will giv e some id ea o f t h e strength of the current bcacath the falls. ~,osentunt