The Sun. — London, England, 1830-07-26 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. Many persons are exceedingly puzzled to under stand the phenomena peculiar to the present Elec tions. Counties may be said to be everywhere going a begging. The populous venal boroughs, too, find some difficulty in obtaining third candidates to pre vent the two from walking over the course. The value of the franchise to a freeborn Englishman is the number of pounds, shillings, and pence it bring' in to him ; and nothing seems such a violation of his rights and privileges as any understanding among the candidates by which the voters are prevented from playing off a third man against the two, or by which the out-voters are prevented from making a trip to the country to visit their relations at the expence of the candidates. We lately saw a printed advertise ment, issued by a third party of a well-known bo rough, about thirty miles from London, in which the Members annourice their displeasure that the ins and the outs have hitherto deprived them of their fair share of the advantage of the franchise, and ex press a determination that in future they will always YON) for one Ministerial candidate, and such other candidate as may best contribute to advance their particular interests. Such is the miserable degraded state to which Englishmen have been brought. Such is the language which in this moral and religious country men do Rot hesitate to commit to the Press I It is not, we think, difficult to account for the circumstances which are peculiar to the present election. In the first place the sum to be scrambled for is becoming less and less every year, while the expence of the elections is every year increasing.— During the war, while we were expending one hundred millions a-year, it was worth while, as a speculation, to lay out a large sum in an election contest to obtain a share of the contracts, lee. The temptation was at that time too great for the virtue of most individuals of this religious nation. Mr. Waithman and the city patriots were a small mi nority during the aura of contracts. The members of the Stock Exchange huzzsed when war was de clared against France. This was the golden age— loans and contracts, Jacobin alarms, a strong Go vernment, bribery and corruption—all were dove tailed into each other. But with peace came reckoning, and the race of calculators and econo mists. Mr. Hume succeeded to Mr. Pitt. Figures of arithmetic took the place of figures of speech. The annuitants swallow the greatest part of the revenue, and the borough-holders, like the horse leech, they cry give, give—but they cry in vain— there is little to give. The expence of elections has been continually increasing from many causes, till at last the higher ranks have found themselves unequal to the expense. In England there is a great unwillingness to let any set of men long con tinue to enjoy the monopoly of good things. Hence in many Boroughs the progressive increase of the number of voters. Thirty years ago, for instance, Warwick had from five to six hundred voters. Then the Castle contrived to return both Members. Till the lute Member, Mr. Ladbrooke's time, it was considered a Treasury Borough. The voters are now upwards of 1200. The purchase of 1200 voters is a very different thing from the purchase of 400. In the same manner Stafford, which had not above four hundred voters in the time of Mr. Sheridan, has now upwards of 8(30. Every where the number of voters has been doubled and trebled. In Coventry they have been trebled during the last 35 years. In Leicester they have been trebled. In Liverpool they have been trebled. In Preston they have been trebled. Reform will take place to a considerable extent in England, not because the voters are less mercenary, for the ideas of voters are so perverted, that they deem the sale of a vote as proper as the sale of a horse or a cow, but because they are not worth purchasing. The last Leicester election, for instance, cost Mr. Evans 10,0001. and upwards, and Mr. Otway Cave upwards of 10,0001. It cost Sir Charles Hastings, the candidate of the Corporation, 16,0001., and the Corporation, what with their generosity towards Sir Charles, and their quarrel with Mr. Cave, spent sixteen thousand pounds, the greatest part of which is said to be yet unpaid. Without any contest, Yorkshire cost Mr. Marshall upwards of 30,0001. Warwickshire is said to have cost a gentleman, to stand against a subscription candidate, above 27,000/. In this case there was no bribery. Stafford cost Mr. Beaumont 14,0001. It cost the losing candidate upwards of 0,0004 Every one has heard of what Cemelford cost the Marquis of Cleveland, till the arrangement with the Illerquis of Hertford. The Members who were returned for the Marquis paid the voters in 1/, notes, in closed in a deal box, marked " China." The Clive family can tell a pretty story, if they please, of what Ludlow has cost them. The great source of expence is the conveyance of out-voters. It is well known that the out voters in London and other great towns will always sell themselves to the man who pays their expenees, and allows them to visit their relations 'gratis. So profligate are these free-horn Englishmen, that it is impossible to get these men to poll till the very last, without an undertaking that if they poll early they shall have as many feeds as if they reserved their vete& Wealth can always carry the day where there are out-voters. In the last election for Nor thumberland, Mr. Beaumont is said to have lost 100,0001. 'the competition seems now to have taken a turn. We now see profligate voters hold ing ant their hands every where to profligate Mem bers; but as the latter are no longer full-handed, their profligacy is no longer profitable. Free-born Englishmen will at last be forced to be pure, be- Mlle Members are too poor to buy them. Prosti tution, like every thing else, may be in excess. We must be virtuous in spite of ourselves, when it is of no use to be vicious. We shall return to this subject, on which we have a few further observations to make.—Morning Chronicle. We have already noticed at considerable length the report of the Select Committee of the House of Commons on the state of our manufacturing po pulation, and on the evils arising from a frequent and sudden ebb or flow of the demand for labour. The former extracts which we made from that report bad reference to the causes of the evil, and to their meg otos& we now present the remedy recommended by the Committee; or, more strictly, their "outline of a plate for gradually mitigating" the evil. It will be observed at once, that the plan is in substance nothing more than the extension to a benefit society, under in some respects 14 novel form, the stuns legal facilities end privileges which are alr ea dy g i ven to benefit societies of the ordinary character, en d t o savings' banks. At the same time we admit that it is a very valuable improvement on the benefit-soe eiety system us at present in most casts established, to limit the responsibility of each contributor to the ecede of Ins own necessities, and to prevent any ei,woeliment by the society at large upon the funds maimed by individuals for the sake of any but tha party who has actually furnished them. Each member will thus derive ad vont from the inetitutiou, in the precise ratio of his own deposits, and it follows that persons of the met frugal and provident habits will enjoy the ,Most ample assistance when compelled to seek it. The observations which are subjoined to the Om go first to enumerate its proposed advantages,' Vol afterwards to answer objections which have c ue" , or may be, adduced against it. We heartily outer inane shrewd remark of the Committee on 4 1 , 1 i n e o % s ti c e : r ? .o f , k i nt_itrie,iew wages . being eked . out ' by a aain f ira t e l tu poor.ratee, viz. that "it is much hatter (or Indeed t?, Nu upheld should be lessened a practi„e u k t ll terl u y-e t e g t rather than extend itself aced workingrni o classes." toth c or; fo i a r s t: e r t e n o i ds ndependence rate p o a y l e audacious as well as irriquittioa that be the e, something generally should be, as t h e y often ar e ' rate payers been, called upon to assist t ub er farmers or rs an d n have lecturers in paying their respective workmerelaaa " Your Committee note proceed to State an on line of the plate they have coo/littered, which they may ate gradually introductd AS the evils arising from:tbe fluctuation of employment in manufacturing districts, viz : " That societies should be formed in manufactur ing districts, called Employment Fund Societies, of which workmen of any trades or employment might become members. " That the management of the Society and its funds should be directed, according to the rules, by such a Committee or such persons as the members should elect. " That each member, whilst in work, should con tribute weekly or monthly a certain amount to the Society. " That if a member discontinue his payments for two months, he shall be allowed on paying a forfeit to take his place again without loss; and so with un increased amount of forfeit for suspension of pay ments for three, four, or five months. That six months' suspension forfeits to the society his share of its fund. " That illness, with a certificate satisfactory to the Committee, shall be a good excuse for suspen sion► of payments; and such a person will incur no forfeit on resuming them. " That the amount of contributions of each person shall stand in his name, and shall not be drawn out, except during his want of employment. " That during want of work, each member shall have a right to such weekly (or daily) allowance as may be fixed by the rules, and which will continue till his share of the fund is exhausted. " That no such payment shall take place when it can be proved that he can then earn one-third (or any other proportion agreed upon) more than the fixed allowance. " That when the share standing in any member's ,name shall amount ro (say two) years' contributions, he may be at liberty to suspend his contributions, and be a free member; but should it be brought below that amount, he is to resume them. " That when a member's share at the annual meeting amounts to (say three) years' contributions, he may, on notice, withdraw one half, and resume his contributions; and so in the following years, a cautionary balance of a year and a half's contribu tion, at least, always remaining as a fund for his use. " That on the death of any member, his share shall be paid to his family or representatives, except a certain proportion to be deducted for the general fund of the society. " That a member changing his place of residence, shall be permitted to transmit his share of the fund to any similar society established in or near the place he is going to. " That the funds of the Society shall be vested in Government securities through the medium of a savings bank. " That once or twice a year a meeting or audit of accounts shall take place, when the amount arising from forfeits, deaths, interest, sc., shall be cast up, and the whole divided in proportion to the share then standing in each member's name, and such dividend shall be added to his share. " That any member may pay his contributions in a lump beforehand. " That any member may have a single, double, or treble share, contributing in like proportion, being entitled to receive on each accordingly, and having one, two, or three votes, as the case may be. " That the Society shall have all the legal fad fides and privileges (applicable to their case) which are given to Benefit Societies and Savings' Banks, conferred upon them by Act of Parliament. " The general advantages of such a Society ap pear to be the following : " 1. A secure fund will be provided from good time against want of work in bad times. " 2. The amount and continuation of assistance to any member would be proportioned to his own pre vious industry and forethought ; and no idle or im provident man would draw upon the means of others. " 3. As the liabilities of the Society would never exceed the amount in their hands, each member's claim would be secure at all times. " 4. A very considerable part of each member's share would be at his complete disposal, under the circumstances stated, and at his death devolve to his family. " .5. His payments would be received little by little, to provide against a severe practical evil, and could not be diverted or withdrawn for any other purpose. " G. A considerable addition to each member's share would accrue from his dividend of interests, forfeits, deductions on deaths, &c. " 7. nut hereby a member once entering the Society would have a strong inducement to continue in it. " 8. nut the feeling of co-operation and fellow ship among workmen would be likely to aid such societies, and the contingent interest every member had in the increase of the dividend would prevent imposition or abuie. Your Committee beg to state, that from infor mation they have received from various quarters, there appears a great disposition on the part of workmen in many places to avail themselves of any safe mode of insuring a provision for a season of slack employment. " As it is the earnest desire of your Committee that the plan which they have ventured to suggest should be fairly discussed, and any fault in it ex posed, they proceed to consider the objections which may be urged against it ; some of which have been stated in answer to queries circulated for information. " Your Committee may remark, that these objec tions are of two different kinds, arising from diffe rent classes of persons, and appear opposed to each ether. " One set of persons assert that the plan suggest ed will be inoperative, inasmuch' as the working classes will never embrace it; the other suppose it will be extensively entered into and be wrested to evil purposes of combination, for fixing a standard of wages, and opposing subordination to masters. " it is urged on the one side, that the plan of the Committee is nothing but a Savings' Bank, with the disadvantege of a depositor not having the con trol of his own deposits, and losing part of his share at his death; and that no man would join it I That if the principle of mutual assurance and dependence, us in benefit societies, wits introduced, then indeed workmen would enter it.' " In the first place it may be remarked, this ob jection is rather to the probability. of the plan being popular, than to its advantage should it become so; and it might be sufficient to answer, it can de no harm, rind it is worthy of trial.' " Your Committee, however, believe the objec tion is in a great measure unfounded. " If the working classes were all persons of great forethought, firm economy, and steady self-control, who, without any continual incitement to regular deposits, would lay by, at the end of each week, their spare earnings, to provide against a contingent and perhaps distant evil, then indeed savings banks would les all they could want I Even then, how ever, these deposits might be frequently broken in upon, or withdrawn, from caprice or temporary pressure (which a little fortitude would have sus tained) or the depositors may be induced to lend or hazard their hard-won savings, and find them mut vaileble when most wanted. " It is found, however, by experience, that the humbler classes are by no means endowed with the restrictive virtues (rare in any condition of life) which have been described. " On the contrary, they seem to stand in need of every ertilicial aid to assist that forethought and industry, on which at last they met mainly rely; and they are themselves (in their moments of reflec tion) frequently conscious of this fuer, and anxious to put it out of their own power to waste or lose that which, duly preserved, may sustain their hide pendeuer, or increase their comforts. The plan suggested by the Committee would give a perfectly safe investment for the email deposits of workmen, to provide against a severe calamity, and for this important object the funds would be reserved in violate. Thu regularity of payments would be en . fereed.by a strong motive, and one found efficient in benefit dohs; nt, the same time, -the feeling of to-operation and love of belonging to a society of their fellows, (shown to be so strong in all classes) would be brought to operate upon the minds of the workmen. " The right of managing their own money, elect ing their own committee, and meeting occasionally together as members of the same body, is justly prised by the working classes; these they would have assured to them by the plan in question, which would in this respect be, it is thought, much more popular than a savings bank. " In support of this observation, your Committee may remark, that thousands belong to the benefit societies who never think of making deposits in say ings banks. " The annual dividend would also create an in terest in the meeting of members, and whilst it in creased the fund of each, would give a slight pre mium for industry and frugality. " After much deliberation, your Committee have thought it best to reject the general principle of mutual assurance, as applicable to the object in view. It has been thought that, on the whole, the working classes will prefer a society in which each man shall be insured his own with some increase, rather than one where he may be called upon to contribute to the assistance of others, and reap little for himself. " On the other side, it has been objected to the plan suggested, that it would be wrested to the put , poses of combination to raise wages, and be Juju :lons to the manufacturers. " Your Committee will not here enter into a cal -1 culation of what the amount of workmen's wages should be, but content themselves with observing, that the remuneration of workmen ought to be suf ficient for their maintenance, and that when made up out of the poor's rate, it is much better a manu facture so upheld should be lessened rather than ex tend itself by a practice utterly unjust, as regards the rate-payers, and ruinous to the comfort and, in dependence of the working classes. It seems un• likely that a plan which only gives facilities and in ducements to.individual provision against want of work, can ever operate to raise wages by means of combination. " Your Committee would remark also, that among the rules suggested, there is one, that no member shall receive from the fund, when it can be shown he can earn wages one-third (or some other propor tion) higher than the allowance, although, by his rate of deposit, he may insure himself a propor tionate rate of allowance, yet this will be only com mensurate with his former frugality, industry, and self-controul ; and, from - the exercise of these inva luable qualities, he ought to reap great advantage. On consideration, however, it will appear that, u s 1 each man will depend chiefly on his own fund, it is probable that the amount in the name of each mem ber would be different, according to his forethought, capacity, and skill. But if the fund each bad to . - depend on was different, it is unlikely they would combine for a common purpose, the execution of which must press very unequally on the several members. " They, might, indeed, be driven to do so by so low a rate of wages as made it better for all parties that the supply of labour be slackened till the de mand again rose to a remunerating price. " At last, the power of each individual, or the aggregate number of members, to decline work (even without the rule cited) would be limited en tirely by the amount of the funds ; that is, by the fruit of their former diligence and care. It seems highly improbable that a number of such persons, not having a common and equal fund to resort to, would ever, in an unreasonable cause, waste that which they had with so much labour acquired. " On the other hand, the workmen would not be totally without resource in case of actual want of work, or ruinously low wages : b ut wou ld b e able to wait patiently and peaceably for a change; or, if j absolutely necessary, have time to seek subsistence elsewhere, either at home or abroad. " Your Committee have little doubt that a pro position to facilitate and legalize societies where the unemployed were to be supported by those in work, might at first have been better received by workmen than the plan described; but, besides other objections, it appears that such societies not resting upon a fund, the amount and duration of which is accurately known, but in great part upon contributions, the continuance of which can never be certain, would lead to miscalculations and exagge rated hopes and expectations injurious to the men themselves. " On the whole, your Committee believe that the plan suggested will not be found liable in prac tice to the objections urged against it. They are by no means sanguine that it would be immediately or extensively adopted, but think, as it becomes better known, that it would make its way : and they cannot but hope it would receive the concurrence and assistance of many master manufacturers, and other benevolent persons anxious to improve the condition of the working classes " The principal difficulty which any set of men anxious to provide against want of employment now meet with, is to have an easy and safe invest ment for their fund. If they trust it to a Commit. tee or an individual, they cannot enforce its due ap. plication to the purpose intended; if deposited in the name of one member in a savings bank, (besides the limitation in amount), it appears his absolute property, and on his death descends to his heirs. difficulties would (with respect to th e Society described) be totally re m o v e d by l a w, an d your Committee believe many would, on this account alone, be anxious to join it."— Times. The representation of the great and populous city of Westminster has, for a considerable t ime past, been held on n ear ly as eas y t er ms as any sinecure in the kingdom; yet the electors of West minster protest an exterminating hostility to sine. curists et id wane genus 1 How is this ? It surely is not to be accounted for by the elective franchise being in the hands of a select few, who impose upon the inhabitants at large whatever persons they, in the corrupt abuse of their privilege, may deem sufficiently qualified, by a want of virtue, energy, and honest zeal, to perform an idle part in the pageantry of mock representation. No; West minster enjoys, in a large sense, the right of send ing Members to Parliament. If the electors do not send persons capable of serving the public, and willing to do their duty, who can they , tame ? If they exercise the elective franchise basely or blindly, what right have they to denounce rotten boroughs, and exclaim against the corruptions of Government ? They have Sir Francis Burdett, for merly a most vehement reformer, but latterly as obse quious a flatterer of the Ministry as the most zealous opponent of reform could desire --u reformer who has not introduced into the House of Com mons a single practical measure to relieve the country of its burdens—a politician who (lectured in his place in Parliament that th e army —yes, the standing army," on which he used to exhaust all his constitutional indignation —was the " best school for Statesmen;" a champion of the liberty of the Press who defended the Attorney-General when be received the just castigation of the House for his ex-officio persecutions of that very Press which the electors of Westminster, with their Members at their head, were wont to toast with exemplary de votion in their" . Purity of Election" lib at i ons. They H have also Mr. obhouse, whose merits in any other way than as being the shadow of Sir Francis Bur dett it would be difficult to discover. Sir Francis Burdett is, indeed, an orator, which Mr. Hobliotnie is not ; the former can speak to the purpose, if he will ; but it mutters little that a man should, at patriotic dinners, indulge in fine phrases about freedom, the public cause, and reform, or, on On e or two occas i ons in the course of the Session make a goo d set hol i day speech, if he will not be constant in his attendance at his post, to watch and resist the ene mies of the people, and to lay his shoulder to the wheel of Parliamentary business. The country now, übove all times, wants, in the Legisla ture, men of working qualities, who can and will attend to the interests of their constituents and of the public—men who will not talk a b out reform out of dottris and leave venulitY to its undisturbed re pose within. It is therefore we should be glad to find that Sir Sidney Smith and Captain Pellew had resolved to come forward and offer themselves for Westminster. Of the eminent services which the former rendered to his country, in her day of ex ceeding peril, we need not remind the public. The glory gathered at Acre lives in the imperishable re cord of history. Captain Pellew is less known; but he bears a name that is associated with honour able recollections. We should, at all events, like to see the electors of Westminster vindicate the freedom of election, which they seem to have sur rendered, and try what they can do with " new men," if it were for no other reason than that it is easy to find better Representatives than their late Members, end almost impossible to find worse.— Morning Herald. It was, we believe, very generally expected, that the order so promptly given by his Majesty, for opening a passage into the Park at the bottom of Waterloo-place, would have been as promptly obeyed by those on whom its execution devolved. It seems, however, that this is a bitter pill, which certain persons find it exceedingly difficult to swal low; anti the numerous passers along Pall-mall and down Regent-street, who, day by day cast their eyes wistfully towards the expected aperture, still find the total barrier remaining untouched. We can readily conceive that such things are not done in a moment (though when there is a willing mind, pro crastination seldom intervenes); nor should we, therefore, notice the delay in this case, did we not perceive it hinted in the columns of a contemporary that means are resorting to in a certain quarter either to defeat entirely, or, at any rate, circumvent, the kind intentions of the King. We have no fear, however, that the former will be permitted; though we have our apprehensions that the latter may he the case, and that the accommodation may end, for Instance, in the shape of something like a narrow spiral staircase, sinless the same kind hearted, noble-minded intlivideal, from whose spontaneous good-will the suggestion has sprang, condescend to see his own wishes executed, not only in their letter, but in their spirit. No one having any regard either for taste or convenience, can doubt, we should imagine, that the proposed opening ought to comprise a handsome carriage as well as foot entrance in the Park, with gates cor responding with the situation and flanked by hand some lodges. Considering the ready access which this will give to Peers, Members of Parliament, and other official persona passing along Pall-mall and Regent -street towards Westminster, there can be no doubt but that the projected opening, thus effected, would be a general boon to all, and quite as great an accommodation to the highest as to the lowest of the people. At all events we have no doubt but that his M a j esty, w h o i s " every inch a King," will not permit his own kind intentions, or the expectations of his subjects, to be thwarted by any of those official underlings who have hitherto possessed an influence which they have always un popularly exercised, and are loath to relinquish.- Morning Herald. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. lANsunsmiousn. On Saturday two men, named John Lewis and. George Sonth, were brought before the LORD MAYOR, the first charged with having personated one Thomas Morgan, a sailor, and received in his name money to the 'amount of 255., and clothes to the amount of 3!. 155,, and the second with having aided and assisted in the deception. Jones, a slopseller, who is in the habit of advanc ing money to sailors, who have pay to receive, stated, that on Monday the 19th inst., Smith, whom he had known for some time, and accommo dated with loans, introduced Lewis to him as Thomas Morgan, and said he wanted money and clothes. 'Witness thought it was all right, as Smith was the introducer, and an order was made out for inspecting the books at the East India House, to ascertain to what the dues of Thomas Morgan amounted, and it was found that 181. were due, and witness gave the defendant 1/. Ss., and clothes to the value of 3!. 15s. He soon afterwards sound that he had been imposed upon, and had the two prisoners taken into custody. The LORD MAYOR remanded the two men. Mr. Jeffery, who has long been projecting plans for making commodious approaches to London bridge, and whose perseverance and opinions have made him excee di ng l y obnoxious to certain parties, charged M r . K n i ght, the clerk, or superintendent, who is in attendance at the bridge, with having committed an assault upon him. Mr. Jeffery sa id, t h at h e had more than once pre sumed to fi n d fault. with the management of t h e ' bridge m atters , arid detected and exposed some enormous blunders in the construction. He went a few days ago to Thames-street to take the dimen sions of the arch over it, after the men had retired from work. Mr. Knight, however, told him that he must not do imy thing of the kind, and on his persisting in his intention, struck him and prevented him from effecting his object. The LORD MAYOR—Had you an order from the London-bridge committee ? Mr. Jeffery said he had, but that was nothing to the purpose. He was on the King's hietway, and did not present any obstruction when Mr. Knight thought proper to oppose him. An assault might as well be com mitted upon him if he stood to measure Temple-bar or the gateway of the Royal Exchange. The LORD MAYOR wished to hoar the case from somebody else. Counsel Jeffery, son to the complainant, stated that Mr. Knight pushed his father. Mr. Hobler—The assault is clearly proved. Mr. Knight said that Mr. Jeffery had latterly made it a practice to go down to the bridge and take dimensions, for the purpose of deceiving the public by misrepresentations; and he (M r . K n i g h t ) considering him not entitled to do so w i t h out an order from the Bridge Committee, opposed the in tention, but did not strike a blow. The Chairman of the Committee had denied that Mr. Jeffery had leave to take the dimensions, but Mr. Jeffery per sisted in the insult. Mr. nobler—What I Then will you say that you will prevent me from taking the dimensions of the arch in the public highway ? Mr. Knight—Cer tainly. The work is not yet finished, and I con sider myself justified in refusing. Mr. Jeffery—l shall certainly try it again. Mr. Knight—Then I shall certainly prevent you. The LORD MAYOR told Mr. Jeffery he might pursue whatever course he thought best: he (the Lord Mayor) would not act at all upon the occasion. The driver of a stage-coach was charged with having acted in a most offensive manner to a gentle man who had come to town, from the Kingsto]. road, on the top of the coach. The Loan MAYOR---I shall fine you 20s. and costs. The - defendant was obliged to pay the money, the gentleman having refused the most humble of apologies. TIONV-STREET. On Shturday William Scott and Mathew Smith were placed at the bar, charged with having feloni ously procured one Charles Evelyn Houghton to re present himself us Charles Daniel Poplett Houghton, for the purpose . of his becomi ng b a il f or a person named William Fowle, now confined for debt in the King's Bench Prison; and Charles Evelyn none.. ton was also placed at the bar, charged with being the party thus falsely representing. Mr. C. Phillips attended on behalf of the prisoners Scott and Smith, who are both attorneys. The prisoner Houghton, who is a lieutenant in the navy on half pay, had no professional adviser attending on his behalf. Eicke, a respectable solicitor, appeared as prosecutor, and stated that the prisoners were charged under the 21st of James IL, with a capital offence, the occurrence of which he regretted to say was but too common, while the difficulty of bringing home the charge was such that detection rarely followed. It was but too well known in the profession, that a certain class of persons were constantly to be found lurking about the chambers of the Judges, for the' purpose of procuring false bail. This was generally effected either by some trick or tnanceuvre, by which to induce the attorney for the plaintiff to be lieve that the parties offered were respectable per sons, and in solvent circumstances, or to baffle inquiry by referring to persons who had so lately come into possession of the houses which they held, that the tax-collectors knew nothing about them. Another scheme resorted to by persons who procured false bail was to appoint a particular day for attending at the Judge's chambers, an d if t h ey f ound that there was likely to be any opposition to the parties whose names they had tendered as bail, they changed the .clay, and then appeared before the Judge on the day originally named, and put in their bail without any opposition. Mr. Eicke then proceeded to state, that lie was prepared with evidence to show that the parties whom he now charged were well aware that the bail which they bad offered was false. He should prove that a 10/. note had been placed in the hands of a highly respectable solicitor by William Fowle, the party intended to be bailed, in order to be given to the prisoner Scott; and he should also be enabled to show that the prisoner Houghton, be fore he had appeared and offered himself as bail for Fowle, knew that he w as t o rece i ve h a lf of the 10/., the other half being reserved for the party who was also to become bail. He should then prove that Houghton was asked before the Judge if he had not hired himself as bail for the sum of .5/., and that he denied upon his oath that such was the fact. Scott, Smith, and Houghton having left the chambers of the Judge, proceeded to a coffee-shop in Chancery lane, and afterwards . to a public-house, where they had some brandy and water; and where Scott paid over to Houghton the sum of 61. for becoming bail for William Fowle. With respect to the prisoner Smith, he should prove that he acted as Scott's clerk when before the Judge, and that he well knew the nature of the transaction. Mr. John Barnes, attorney, of No. 1, Clifford's inn, was then called, and stated that 101. were placed in his hands on the 10th of July, on account of William Fowle, now a prisoner in the King's Bench. He afterwards paid the money to the prisoner Scott, by direction of Fowle, and took his receipt for it. Mr. Barnes wished it to be understood that he had no knowledge whatever of the purpose for which it appeared the money was applied. Both Mr. C. Phillips and Mr.Eicke fully concurred in acquitting Mc. Barnes of the slightest blame. Mr. Eicke then applied to the Magistrates to allow the prisoner Houghton to be made a witness in the case. Mr. C. Phillips objected to this course, and said that Houghton, being a particeps criminis, could Rot be admitted to give evidence against the other two prisoners. Mr. HALLS observed, that he had no evidence before him, as yet, to fix the charge upon the pri soners Scott and Smith ; and consequently he could not judge as to the necessity of admitting Houghton as a witness. Mr. Thomas Wenham, who represented himself as being a member of the Stock Exchange, where his name, he said, was regularly entered, was then sworn and examined. He stated that on the 19th of July, he went to the chambers of Mr. Justice Bayley, in Chancery-lane, and saw the three prisoners there. Houghton was there for the purpose of giving bail, and he gave the name of Charles Daniel Poplett. Houghton. Witness remembered Mr. Eicke asking him if he was not to be paid for being bail, and he replied that be was not. He was also asked if 10/. had not been deposited in the hands of somebody for the purpose of procuring bail, and he answered no, and added, that he did not expect to receive any money for such a purpose. Scott was acting as the attorney for Fowle, the party to be hailed, and Smith was acting as his clerk. The witness was afterwards cross-examined by Mr. C. Phillips, and admitted that a true bill had once been found against him for perjury, but it never came to any thing. He had never been indicted more than once, and on that occasion the parties gave him 400/. Mr. C. Phillips—l understood you to say that you are a member of the Stock Exchange ? Wit ness--I am, anti um regularly enro ll e d. Mr. Eicke asked the Magistrate if he might now call Houghton forward as a witness. Mr. Haus—l have no evidence before me as yet to support the charge against Scott and Smith, and until that he done I cannot admit Houghton as a witness. Mr. Phillips—Certainly not. It would he a gross injustice to allow Houghton to give evidence against the prisoners, he being, for aught we know, the most guilty of the three. Mr. Eicke represented the difficulty there would be in prosecuting charges of this description, unless the evidence of accomplices was allowed to he re ceived, and added, that lie had already proved suffi cient to warrant him in applying to have Houghton admitted us evidence. Mr. HALLS--Yo st have proved that these parties have acted in concert, and also that a 10/. note was deposited in the hands of Mr. Barnes for the pur pose of procuring hail ; that the prisoner Houghton went before the Judge, and represented himself as Charles Daniel Poplett Houghton ; but you must go farther than this, and show that there is such a person in existence as Charles Daniel Poplett Houghton, and that the prisoner represented him self as that person without his privity or consent. Unless you are prepared to prove this, there is an end to your ease as far as this Act of Parliament is concerned, arid there is no crime committed unless it be that of conspiracy. Mr. Eicke then called forward two other wit nesses, but their evidence was not sufficient to alter the view which the Magistrate had taken of the case, and, after a lengthened examination, Mr. HALLS decided that there was no evidence before him to warrant the detention of the prisonerrs. Mr. Eicke said he could prove that Houghton had represented himself as an officer in the navy while personating Charles Daniel Poplett Houghton before the Judge. Now there was no person in the navy of that name, but he could also prove that the prisoner was himself an officer in the navy, and that he bud lately , Applied for testimonials of service and character to Sir Francis Ommaney. Mr. C. Phillips—ln order that the public time may not be further wasted, perhaps Mr. Eicke will answer me this question, which will decide the mat ter at once. Can he prove that there is such a per son in existence as Chas. Daniel Poplett Houghton ? —Mr. Eicke admitted that at present he was not prepared to prove that fact. Mr. Haus—Then I must have such evidence before me, or I cannot deal with the prisoners under this Act of Parliament. They are discharged. Just as the word was uttered, a constable, who had been in attendance for some time, placed a warrant before Mr. HALLS for the apprehension of Houghton on a charge of assault of some months' standing. " There is your prisoner," said th e Magistr a t e , po i nting to the dock, and m constable ran forward to secure his prey, but found ha had " bolted ;" and although an instant pursuit was made, he eluded the constable, by darting down one of the many courts by which Bow -street is sur rounded. Scott and Smith walked quietly away. 141 A 11 YLEISON On Friday night William Vincent, a young man of fashionable appearance, was charged, before Mr. HostaNs, with felony. Mr. Jenkins, of No: 1, Pratt-terrace, Battle bridge, milliner, stated that the prisoner had lived in his service nearly two years as a shoprnan, and great confidence was placed in him; but on Monday and Tuesday he sent him out to collect money, and he absconded with what he received. Mr. HOSKINS asked the prisoner, "do you wish to say any thing ? The prisoner, who stood sobbing with a handker chief before his face, replied " 1 can say nothing," and he was remanded for the night. Yesterday, a eleik belonging to Mr. Wright coachal fanc y , oo n n n d 'II tg a roa4ll'inaned eidni proved that the prisoner received thirteen r ter, and although he will be brought-40 1 i again, after Mr. Jenkins has more fully lot Monday . of Mr. Wright, on account of lo the amount of his loss, he stands col trial. Mr. HOsKINS asked Mr. Jenkins if be had produced such a change for the wottei prisoner's conduct. Mr. Jenkins said kW, married a 101 with no property, and bad ofo extravagant habits. .A very respectable-looking man, .100 0 years, was found between nine and tea tkin Friday night, in Great Barlow-street, nest 01 perfectly naked. He bad his clothes lii but considered it better in such hot walk , I wear them. The poor man's method bill cool was more e ff ectual than expedientriele, Cane, the policeman, who found him, tack , ..* the watch-house. He was brought hetr l HoSKINS, in the morning; be gave his NO Walker, said he was a native of Duffield, l l shire, and had lived in London 36 years II he was asked by Mr. H o SKINS how he eat, l i found naked in the streets, he said he had Bill day knocking the inside of a house out O P . had taken, and that he wanted to be cook's! Mr. HOSKINS finding him of unsound DI him the names Of some of his friends, and 014 lent for. They stated that he had firedog in the service of Lord Carlisle, andotb. of distinction, with great credit, and had $ ll4 come deranged. It was found, t hat by .' ,' Brewer -street, he bad a claim upon the James's, Westminster, and he WO 1111 t -00 protection. Two or three hours were spent in 0310 1 4:' respecting him, and during that tirooin at s n o a m k e e r d e in To th wn e lock s -u s p l_ rfo ti O t e: ' ( Doubleday, etofth a e housekeeper metropoiima e , r.,.. 1 dog into the office. 1 ,. hieed it th e n ate:B4 , .., s , as stated that persons living in' ~ .1 itel bourhood of the pris oner were ver y 01 ,th.ik 7,0171 by a most horrid smell from his howl, n um oki wit reason to believe he murdered dog! 0 ":, $ their skins. He o ft en t oo k dogs t i l : 1 1 :1''' • brought any out; and on Saturday seeing him enter the house with the OW .0 they gave notice of the circumstance tol:4oir and his house was instantly searched,Sla I jdo remains of at least thi r ty were found P 1 740 board under the stairs ; a large house doCr i g t hanging in a b ac k room h ar dly dead, lag 14 7+ 1 the coach d og was save d . . ./ t theWchoeanch dog the prisoner Tnaerttewrasasnfi,srsttheqduaesytibelooeL. to police serjeaut at hi s own h ouse , he 1 111 dn`fe but the story would not do, and after the , ; a been made, he was b roug h t to t he office. I ' 0 The prisoner acknowledged to ftit.BOn g l h h i e mt io s u pported thraisnci s a extremity. pwh Phillips, ps a , n d two t. Francis 1150 dogs in the s t reet an d se lli ng th e ir skinotL.es man of good character he said, but tlinn'') of V Town, owned the d e ad hous e -deg. missing five hours; and Mr. HostrneorewS i e prisoner till Tuesday, hoping to find this the coach-dog, which is a very valuable add.,; ;' ' ---..------.---■r•—•"""I'. 11 1 THE K I 1 , 10.•--IIIS MAJESTY, 1 3 n 1 1 occasion requires it, affects not the least stalell;TO On Frid a y m orn i ng , our p o p u lar Soviteeloo ,f Windsor Castle, se a t e d by hintself on the di le/ carriage. The Quitex's affability is the the 5 07 , 1.41 Panegyric. We understand the admissions toll* co rooms will not be quite so indiscriminstel oth , ll oo of late years.—We are glad to heir coat lin7o will be present daily at the ensuing Ascot Chronicle. 1 11 11/ PRINGLE'S EARLY CAREEn„ if young physici an s h ou ld commence hie Int w Totor coming a professo r o f ethics may, to s o u t is tio, extraordinary mode of introduction to eminen" - prirt of healing. Few, however, have ategialkli paw skill, mote intim a t e acqu aintance with their enr° et science, o r m ore deterred success than PL 114914. 0 d el pose that gen era l attainment in Jrn nwl ' —if ',,, o deoerlt . predilection fur its finer literature; ire ni ; ~ to seo d ig iv n t o in ra g n u ce ish o e, f i t m he en ch w ar h a o cte in r e a v n e d ry p qualify or enfeeble the medical P racti"-- ' r i of l b° ag e and . etrl' or t ne elll proved or elevated that profession. Variety ea op de space and A firmer o d ei trary, it prepares an ampler tweets °._.„‘ all that is to come after. In the nu nt-- io f ilier pected emergencies which occur in the relief _ iist i i was never seen to encumber the professor I r to o the body and the mind-.-in the ever- varying of caus.s and of character which present thern4e, almost universal acquaintance with nature aso n' i to! seem to be demanded. The power of naskinflrol) %%lions, a retentive memory, a fixed atteatlo7.., , !Wit of generalizing, are among the inostimPnr_7o! ties of the physician,—and these can only b_ MIA strengthened by an early and extensive inter:7lA; tien. Some of the most enlightened eovLeerj Europe have perceived this truth during the ~.,....., tury, and now exact from the candidate IPI* honours a course of inure or less rigorous • l i rtvate histo _ytr 000 studies in general literature; we may cil e i p on" Prussia in particular. The science of In r“ be/ an alembic, th roug h w hi c h the most dissir o t r i t 0 may be distilled i n to a pure and precio us Family Library, No. XIV. o , l ll° COLD REGIMEN IN SUALL-- p0 1;011;ii original treatise upon the small•pox, 8 / P r i tber! much upon the salutary influence of colds 111 , 1 0 .4 and most aggravated forms of that disel th e en sometimes brought on by the pernicious we i io tt and stimulating treatment then in vognel 1 ,0 0 ,20 observes, it occurs occasionally that from tl i ; t o r 0 application of external heat and inward cord ia . o ghVl i e bre:times delirious, and in a fit of frenzy, ,11 , Oile r ' , cruel attention of his nurse, leaps out o f t .,. ear; r / for many hours to the cool ni g ht air, and t ou t s ova O il vers. In proof whereof he relates an aneede 0 , y whoa, he knew, who in his y ou th had e lls SO fl and while there w as se i ze d with the stnall'r e loill ti p came delirious. His nurse having ow itie ' l je ll tol, 4 town, left her patient to the care of others' ido .s i Settee. Being detained somewhat longer th e ) e s t i the sick person (as it scented to those abon o ,;:j 111,1, the ghost. As the weather was very hot, the was stout and corpulent, in order to preven t s o bele of the corpse, they lifted it Immediately from placed it, with the exception of he be .h it t s 700 sheet, in a s t ate o f per f ect nu di ty u pon a 7„, tog, or in the mean time, returns, and, 11 4 ' 0 4 ;hi p at stri proceeds sorrowfully to the chamber of detni" it moving the sheet, and looking at the etn in :;alelw„, she can perceive souse faint signs of life i I r : 0 110 . 5 It' having replaced the extended body in b e " Wet r i, means or other, the apparently dead man W itb, few days sees him restored to perfect 1.0 7 .00 / Library, No. XIV. """""*"•"•.•-•••---,.................•......."' / BIRTHS. the Is4ll On the 2341 inst. at Itoydon , in F.sseX, Rev. Edward A ur i o l, o f a son . ' p °''' On the 24th i ns t. a t K enn i n gton, 11111 * " a thug,hter. .„, Pn Jaw" _.l On the 24th i ns t. t h e l a dy of J. O. - v. John-street, Bedford-row, of a still.hor"'„beil° * Oa the 20th inst. at Goldrborough-halii • ... . ki r Louisa Lunches, of a daughter, ~,,,,,o tiseee On the 24th i ns t. a t Y or k-terrace, ""v" OW lady of A. Duff, Esq. of Woodcott - bota set of a son. MAURIED. C° 109 On the 24th inst. at St. Katherine t o o fr. church-street, Mr. T. Croft, of l'rinity -si , 10 81 A only daught er o f St e phen Crouch, Esq• uh 5. Williamson, of Lime-street-squarer L nog otrt k 7tir near Broadstairs. On the 24th inst. at St. Helen's, Ili ° " ° ' w - A , rift h ,or to 14 , ~. . daughter of the late Mr. 'l'. Croft, of Faaal ° ' .. 41 10i . 11 lir - , DIED. On the 23t1 inst. in his 27th year, Th °/°— . r, of T. Partingtou, Es' ti. of (Ohara, So° el o. 95, On the 22d inst. at }Ratings, Mr.f' olio Quarter-Master in the Ist Regimen t of °reool aged 61. f 00 On the 23d inst. Mrs. It. Israel, re lict 6 Israel, Esti. - ft* PAINTien A)111 PUBLIBILZ* hitit iw ''' 00 16 wit 1 , 0 THI SIM Ofrics, 110, SW -1