The Sun. — London, England, 1830-04-15 00:00:00

salaries. We have now had an experiment of four years duration of new for,ns, the chief ob jects of which were, by the introduction of greater accuracy of statement, strictness, or plead ing, and the doing away of interlocutory judg ment, to banish rashness from the Bench, and to ensure deliberation, dignity, and wisdom, by a sense of encreased responsibility. It is time, therefore, to enquire whether the objects in view have been obtained ; and, when other important changes are contemplated, to ascertain whether the evils of the old process, have not been. ex ceeded by the endless questions, the great varie ties of interpretation by different Judges, and the expence and uncertainty arising out of the new ? We have much to say on all these topics, on the exercise of legislative powers by the court, on the fees allowed to practitioners, the mode and principle of taxing costs, and other matters not alluded to ; but although we cannot indulge far ther at present, we hare probably said what may lead to speculation and correction by other writers. Now, that the whole of these matters are or are about to be before Parliament, is the time for speaking and reasoning, fairly we mean, but without reserve. DISCOVERY OF THE NEW WORLD. On the 7th of October, they had come 750 leagues, the distance at which Columbus had computed to find the island of Cipango. There were great flights of small field-birds to the south-west, which seemed to indicate some neighbouring land in that direction, where they were sure of food and a resting-place. Yiek iog to the solicitations of Martin Alonzo Pinson, and his brothers, Columbus, on the evening of the 7th, altered his course, therefore, to the west south-west. As he advanced, the signs of land increased ; the birds came singing about the ships ; and herbage floated by as fresh and green as if recently from shore. When, however, on the evening of the third day of this new course, the seamen beheld the sun go down upon a shoreless horizon, they again broke forth into loud clamours, and insisted upon abandoning the voyage. Columbus endeavoured to pacify them by gentle, words and liberal promises ; but finding these only increased their violence, he assumed a different tone, and told them it was useless to murmur ; the expedition had been sent by the sovereigns to seek the Indies, and happen what might, he was determined to persevere, until, by the blessing of God, he should accom plish the enterprise. He was now at open defiance with his crew, and his situation would have been desperate, but, unfortunately, the manifestations of land on the following day were such as no longer to ad mit of doubt. A green fish, such as keeps about rocks, swam by the ships ; and a branch of thorn, with berries on it, floated by : they picked up, also, a reed, a small board, and, above all, a staff artificially carved. All gloom and mur muring was now at an end, and throughout the day each one was on the watch for the long sought land. In the evening, when, according to custom, the mariners had sung the salve regina, or vesper hymn to the virgin, Columbus made an impressive address to his crew, pointing out the goodness of God in thus conducting them by soft and favouring breezes across a tranquil ocean to the promised land. He expressed a strong confidence of making land that very night, and ordered that a vigilant look-out should be kept from the forecastle, promising to whomsoever should make the discovery a doublet of velvet, in addition to the pension to be given by the sove reigns. The breeze had been fresh all day, with more sea than usual ; at sunset they stood again to the west, and were ploughing the wares at a rapid rate, the Pinta keeping the lead from her supe rior sailing. The greatest animation prevailed throughout the ships ; not an eye was closed that that night. As the evening darkened, Columbus took his station on the top of the castle or cabin on the high poop of his vessel. However he might carry a cheerful and confident countenance during the day, it was to him a time of the most painf:u mtiety ; and now, when he was wrapped from observation by the shades of .night, he xna:ntailied an intense and unremitting watch, rengiog his eye along the dusky horizon, in search of the moat vague indications of land. Suddenly, about ten o'clock, he thought he be held a light glimmering at a distance. haring that his eager hopes might deceive him, he called to Pedro Gutierrez, gentleman of the king's bed chamber, and demanded whether he saw a light in that direction ; the latter replied in the affirma- Live. Columbus, yet doubtful whether it might not be some delusion of the fancy, called Ro drigo Sanchez of Segovia, and made the same inquiry. By the time the latter had ascended the round-house, the light had disap peared. They saw it once or twice afterwards in sudden and passing gleams, as if it were a torch in the bark of a fisherman, rising and sinking with the waves ; or in the hands of some person on shore, borne up and down as he walked from house to house. So transient and uncertain were these gleams, that few at tached importance to them ; Columbus, how ever, considered them as certain signs of land, and, moreover, that the land was inhabited. They continued on their course until two in the morning, when a gun from the Pinta gave the joyful signal of land. It was first discovered by a mariner named Rodriguez Bermejo, resi dent ,of Triana, a suburb -Of Seville, but native of Alcala de la Guadaira ; but the reward was afterwards adjudged to the Admiral, for having previously perceived the light. The land was now clearly seen about two leagues distant, whereupon they took in sail, and laid to, wait ing impatiently for the dawn. The thoughts and feelings of ColumLus in this little space of time must have been tumul tuous and intense. At length, in spite of every difficulty and danger, he had accomplished his object. The great mystery of the ocean was revealed ; his theory, which had been the scoff of sages, was triumphantly established ; he had secured to himself a glory which must be as durable as the world itself.—Family Library, No. Xl.—Columbus. A CHINESE DANDY.—Many persons have supposed (who only know the Chinese superficially) that a nation so grave, sedate, and monotonous, cannot include either fops or bons vivans. They are, however, mistaken ; few countries possess more of those worthies than China, though perhaps their t a l en t s are not carr i e d to so great an e xcess as in other parts of th e wor ld. Th e d ress o f t h e Chinese petit niaitre is very expensive, being composed of the most costly carpets or skins; his boots or shoes of a partieular shape, and made of the richest black satin of 7...Tonkin, the soles of a certain height; his knee -caps ele gantly embroidered ; his csp and button of the neatest cut ; his pipes elegant and high priced ; his tobacco of the best manufacture of Fokien ; an English gold watch ; a tooth pick hung at his button, with a string of valuable pearls ; a fan from Nankin, scented with cliulan flowers.— Such are his personal appointraents.....Doubell's Resi d.►ace in China. LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, APRIL 15, 18SO. Despatches have been received at the Foreign Office this morning, from Lord STUART D ROTIISAY, the British Ambassador at Paris. Despatches have been also received from Sir CHARLES BAGOT at the Hague. M. DE VILLELE left Paris on Monday even ing. If there be any truth in the maxim, divide et impera, the visit of the ex-minister to the French capital, and the royalist discussions to which his appearance, if not his intrigues, have given rise, must have had a direct tendency to strengthen the hands of their common opponents, and to enable them not merely to overturn the existing cabinet, but to strike at the root of roy alist ascendancy in any future administration. The jealousy which is known to exist between the Prince DE POLIGNAC and M. DE VILLELE is of long standing. The Prince, on one occa sion, returned from his embassy, as VILLELE lately did from his retirement, for the purpose of as serting his pretensions to place and power, but his purpose was defeated by the superior address of his more dexterous rival, who did not scru ple to opi o:e the Prince on the openly- declared footing of incapacity. The soreness created by this species of opposition, still rankles in the mind of the President of the Council, who in his turn has succeeded in beating off an attack, which, if it had produced the return of VILLELE to any department of the Ministry, would speedily have been followed by his own exclusion. If the Prince be not himself aware of it, his friends, at least, acknowledge that if VILLELE had been allowed to introduce the fine end of the wedge, he would not have been long in driv- DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. PRICES OF STOCKS THIS Hank Stock 3 per Cent. Red. 92%% 81).:r Cent. Cons. 93.%%!4 X, 334 per Cent. - Ditto Red. lOO 1 , 997/ t per Cent. Ann. Ditto, 1826 10 434N Rank L. Ann. l9 3-16 1 Ditto 30 years Ditto 50 years - India Stock 244 34 Ditto Bonds 483 82 pm. , South Sea Stock Old Annuities New Ditto Ex. Bills,Xl,ooo M. 81 80 pm. Ditto... ......... ." lid. 81 80 pm. Ditto "...500 id. SI BO pin. Ditto lid. 81 80 pm. Ditto Small 2.1. SI 80 pm. Ditto lid. 81 80 pm. Bank for Account India for Account ...... - Cons. for April.l6 93%%% PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Austrian Bonds Brazilian Bonds ...73 2X sq 3 'Peruvian Bonds 2234 X Buenos Ayres Bonds — i Portuguese Bonds — Chi lien Bonds 2'7%3 Prussian, Old — Colombian Bonds — ;Ditto, New — Ditto, 1884 .... ........ ...24 SX 2 ;Russian Danish - 5X% , Spanish, :821 ISli 18 I7X Greek Bonds —' 1824 18'23 — Ditto, 1825. 47X 7 6 French Renter, sp. c. —f. —c. Guatemala — l— Exchange —f. --. Mexican Bonds —;— S per cent....... —f. —c. Ditto, 1825 — Exchange —f. —c. PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AY ONE o'cLocs. Paid. Per Share. Brazilian Imp. MM. Co. (iss. at 51. pm.) #2O SO 79 Ditto National lO 213(Y, Ditto St. John Del Rey Real del Monte Mining Co. £4oo 57 56 PRICES OP IRISH STOCI Bank Stock 240 Consols, 3 per cent. CtS% Gov. Stock, 33 per cent 3 Ditto, New 4 per Cent. IOO Gov. I)eb. 356 percent 92 Sy Royal Canal Stock 49%1 Grand Canal Stock City Deb. 4 per cent. 83% Rebut Office Deb. 4p. e. lIA Arrived. Due. O America ...... ..., 1 O Brazil O Buenos Ayres 0 • Carthagena.......-- 0 1 Dublin 1 Flanders 0 1 France 0 1 Cluernsey&Jersey 0 re, DUBLIN, APRIL 12, St. Patrick Insur. (per sh.) 'Royal Irish Ditto l 'Naticnal Ditto ;Patriotic Ditto ;Hibernian Bank 22 'Provincial Ditto I Royal Irish Mine I Imperial Mine Mining Co. of Ireland !Commercial Buildings Arrived. Due. 0 Hamburg 1 O Rolland 0 • Jamaica 0 O Leeward Islands 0 0 O Mexico ...... 1 0 Sweden 1 Waterford 0 mart WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TO-MORROW. Morning ... 2: minutes after 7. I Evening...S9 minutes after '7. trtic 4 *4: ng it home. Prince LEOPOLD had the honour of being entertained at dinner on Monday last by the King of FRANCE ;.on which occasion the Duke and Duchess of ORLEANS, and the Duke de CHARTRES, were invited to meet his Royal Highness. The King and Queen of NAPLES are ex pected at Bayonne on the 26th instant ; and it is stated in the Notizie del Giorno of Rome, that the Prince of SALERNO had left that city for Paris, in order to meet the KING, his brother, on the arrival of their Neapolitan Majesties in the French capital. It is stated also in the Italian Journals, on the authority of letters from Wid din, that the GRAND SEIGNIOR had sent an Ambassador Extraordinary to London on a special mission. The French expedition against Algiers con- tinues to engross the attention of the French public ; and its progress will doubtless be watched with interest by all the great Powers of Europe ; but while the people of France attach a high degree of importance to the fate of the expedition, it is rather in consideration of the bearing it is supposed to have on the stability of the Government, than from anything like na- tional enthusiasm in the issue. The following are extracts from the Paris Papers of Tuesday and Wednesday : (From the Gazette de France of Wednesday.) The Minister of War is to set off on the 14th or 15th of the present month for Toulon, where he will take the command of the army destined against Algiers. We received the following letter yesterday. We are sorry that we have delayed publishing it till to-day : " MARSEILLES, APRIL 6. " This afternoon the 'Change was very quiet, as usual : no remarkable transactions have taken place ; but towards the close of the 'Change the report was spread that a vessel had arrived from Monestier, near Tunis, with news of the surrender of Tripoli to the son of the Pacha of Egypt. If the fact be true, it is a most important event for our com merce; and on all sides one could hear nothing but the following questions :—.' Has lie been excited to it by France or England ? Or has the young conqueror fired before the signal ? For our army will not be ready before the 10th of May." This piece of news is not guaranteed, but yet is believed, in consequence of the last letters from Alexandria, which all announced that the Pacha was making very cotsiderable military preparations in his fleet. It appears that at Tunis, as well as at Algiers, the great movements at Toulon are no secret. The Europeans are struck with a panic on all the coast of Africa, and ask if then ought not to fl y the vengeance of the Moors. We looked this morning with great eagerness for the confirmation of this news in the Sbnaphore, and we And iu it the following paragraph : " It was reported to-day at the Exchange, that the Pacha of Egypt had entered, as a conqueror, into the re geney of Tripoli. He is- reported to have already taken possession of two towns." The Precurseur states the following, from a letter from Marseilles of the 6th :—" A vessel arrived this even ing announces that Ibrahim Pacha had landed near Tripoli, and that he is already master of two forts. Thus our Arabian allies have forestalled us in the African expedition. It is said that an embargo has been laid at Alexandria upon all vessels, which accounts for our not having bad any arrivals for some time." The postscriptum of another letter says---" Letters from Tunis, and the statements of a Sardinian Captain, announce that Ibrahim, son of the Pacha of Egypt, who had lei; Alexandria at the head of an army, had arrived at Bagray, and iatended continuing his march upon Tripoli, which he wishes to take possession of." Such are the statements that we have been able to collect. We shall, no doubt, shortly receive others. We ought to add, that a Sardinian vessel, Our Lady of Mercy, Captain Ca s t e ll ano , arr i ve d on the 6th a t Mar seilles, from Mo nee ti er ; b u t s h e has been put into qua rantine, which explains the wan t o f certainty resp ec ti ng the news said to ha ve b een b roug ht by this vessel.— Jaurnal du Commerce. " DISSOLUTION OF THE CHAMBER. " We believe we can affirm that the dissolution of the Chamber will not so immediately take place as the Liberal Journals appear to wish. Every one perceives the neces sity of giving time to the Royalists to recover themselves ; and we are sure that, at whatever time this measure may be taken, they will all equally feel the necessity of opposing, i❑ a firm manner, all the designs of the revolutionists."...... Quotidienns. " The following artic!e of the Moniteur has, no doubt, been occasioned by the disputes of the Gazette and Qwo tidienne:— " The public papers which attack the Government make use of a very convenient system of tactics. They suppose that Ministers have journals, and attribute to them the sentiments, wishes, and discussions of these : journals. If they are asked who assured them of the pre tended fact, they will answer that it suited them to invent it. When these papers use the following expressions-- ' Ministers say ;' Ministers write ;" the Ministry sup poses ;" we read in the Ministerial journals'—France may boldly answer them, that there is no truth in it, and that they ascribe to Ministers their own inventions. In private life no one would dare to accuse his adversary by gratui tous suppositions. Vs hat is unlawful in private, is not less so in public life. It is not likely that Ministers should daily reveal what they think, say, or do to any of 'their pretended confidential journals. An indiscreet government is no government. The Ministry have not given to any one the right of speaking in their name, and no one, for aught they know, has done so. They neither own nor disown any journal; they leave to each its liberty. Go vernment is not composed of private individuals, with par ticular affeetions, but it consists of public men, whom a sense of duty raises above the puerility o ntering into the debates of opinion. It is to the good o f th e na ti on k that Government entrusts tlie judgment o üblic visitors. Journalists in general are not sufficiently aware of the obliga tions of Government not to intervene in their quarrels In their eyes, the only good government is that which renders an account of its actions on a public stage, where they appear as severe censors. But the King's Govern ment manages the affairs of France without ascending the benches like mountebanks. Far from insulting the press, Ministers deem it valuable, when confined within the bounds of moderation and wisdom. They are aware that good advice may often proceed from a journalist of talent and experience. The press ought to enlighten public opinion by all kinds of discussion relative to our interests, but it should not excite and cherish the passions. If by false presumption it misses its aim, it will be its own fault ; Government will never become the tool of de claitners and demagogues. Thus Government, in its de signs and acts, is not more influenced by the unjust dis dain of the press, than subject to its caprices. It would be derogatory to its own dignity if it entered into the quarrels of wounded self-love and disappointed ambition, with which most opposition journals now abound. This is a supposition which it disowns, and of which it will prove the falsehood by its actions.' " The Gourrier Francais of this morning contains the following observations upon the article of the Moniteur, given in another part of the Messenger:—' The MONi• itU7''S article is the object of a severe censure on the part of the Gazette de France. Thus war is openly declared between them. The journal of M. de Villele affirms that it finds so many inconsistencies and contradictions in the terms of this article, and they are involved in such ob scurity, that it is impossible to make out any sense or meaning in them ; yet the Gazette perfectly compre hends the measure which dictated them. Now, let us ask, what is the meaning of this article ? What is the sense of these oracular phrases ? Is it not a declaration of war between the Prince de Polignac and M. de Villele ? The Gazette asserts that it feels indifferent as to being avowed or disavowed by any one ; that it will continue to pursue the line of conduct it has prescribed for itself; and will even defend the Ministry, though they may repel its aid. This is truly an excellent composi tion, and at the same time a species of impertinence to which Governments are little accustomed. Observe this, then, M. de Polignac ! They are indifferent whether you acknowledge them or not ; they will not make the slightest concession of principle to you ! The Gazette belongs to M. de Villele, and to him will it adhere. Thus the most warm and acrimonious hostility still reigns be tween the two favourites. Liberty and the Constitution will at least gain strength by these differences." The following, dated Constantinople, March 11, is ex tracted from the Augsburgh Gazette ....—Upon the propo sal of the English Ambassador, Vice-Admiral Tahir Pacha will be dispatched to Algiers, for the purpose of persuading the Dey to come to an arrangement with France, and of pointing out to him the dangers .he would be exposed to, in case a strong body of French troops should effect a landing. We look for a favourable result from Tahir Pacha's mission, since the Dey will no doubt listen to a Turkish Ambassador before any other. The sad disas ters lately experienced by the Porte may also serve him as a lesson not to trifle with a power like that of France. Tahir Pacha will have full powers to act, in case of neces sity, as mediator between the Dey and the French Govern. ment. Between Constantinople and Alexandria a regular conveyance for letters will forthwith be established, in which two Egyptian steam-packets are to be employed. The Austrian Observer announces, after intelligence of March 10th from Constantinople, that, in consequence of the first instalment of the indemnity to Russian merchants having been paid, the 6th at tick of, the. Treaty relative to Servia executed, and Giurgewo evacuated by the Turks, the Russian army have left Adrianople, Kirklisse, Lule- BurgaQ, Midia, Iniada, and other places, and delivered them up to the Porte, It further adds, that as the Turkish Government are prepared to pay the second instilment according to the Treaty, the Russian troops are making preparations to evacuate the whole country from the Bal kan to the sea, as far as the gulf of Bourgas, and to with draw into Bulgaria and Dobrudscha. Part of the Russian squadron have sailed for Malta. Admiral Heyden re mains with two ships of the line; one frigate, and two brigs, in the ports of Greece. Admiral Malcolm was at Napoli in the beginning of February, with a ship of the line and some smaller vessels. The two French brigs, Voloye and Surprise, - lately arrived in Greece; the former with 25,000 fr., and the latter with 35,000 fr., for the Greek Government Istancs FllNDll.—Putis, Apart 13.—Five per Colts., 10fif. sa. 10e. lbc. • Four and a.half per Cents. 1051. 60e. ; Pour per Cents., 1011. 60e. ; Three per Cents., 14f. 20c. 15a. 10c. 15c. 20c. ; Bank stock, 1,915 f. ; Rented de Naples, 931 45e. 50a. 60e. 65c. 70e. ; Rentes d'Repagne, 14% 15 11% 15 14% 15; Royal Spanish Loan. 95%; Rentes Perpetuelle d'Espagne, 79% 79 78% 7979% '79 79% 79 79%; Haytian Loan, 5351. 5521. 50c.—Exchange on London—One month, paper, 25f. 65e. ; three months, paper, 25f. 500. Con rs Au tkeutique. The following, are extracts from the German Papers of the 9th inst. relative to Greece. We fear from the selfishness and utter want of prin ciple displayed by the Greek Chiefs that Prince LEOPOLD will have no sinecure of his kingly office for the first year at least. The wish expressed by the Greek Deputies to have the PRESIDENT confirmed as the " head of Greece," appears to have been prompted on by his Excellency Count CAPO and is perfectly consistent with other samples of Russian finesse and moderation smvarrA, red. 27. The Courier de Smyrna says, the delay of our letters from Napoli has hindered us f rom acquainting our readers with the details of the audience which M. de Ribeaupiere, during his stay at th a t p l ace, gave on the 9th January to a deputation of the G ree k S enate. M. de Ribeaupiere received the Deputies in the most affable manner, and desired they would express their wishes to it• him without reserve. One of them spoke in the following manner :-- " It is at the invitation of the President that we ap pear before your Excellency to offer to you, as represen tatives of the Greek nation, the expretsions of its respect, and to add that of our gratitude, for the benefits which his Majesty the Emperor of Russia has deigned to confer upon us, as well as for the confidence with which his Majesty has been pleased to honour our President. We all belong to the different provinces Cf - Greece, which have taken up arms to shake off the yoke of ty ranny, the Sporades, the Cyclades, the Peloponnesus, and the continent. As the organs of Greece, it is in its name that we beg his Imperial Majesty to con tinue his favour to us, and that we entreat you to in tercede with his Majesty not to forsake us at a critical mo ment, but to hasten our restoration by completing the work of oar deliverance, which his Majesty has undertaken in concert with his august Allies. Lastly, we are com missioned to recommend, :in the name of the whole na tion, to your Excellency's kind consideration the three following points " 1. - The loan for whichlthe President has long since begged the assistance of his Majesty. " 2. That his Imperial Majesty will be pleased to inter vene with the allied Courts that our rights as a nation may be preserved to us, and that our President may be left us as the head of Greece. We have not failed to apply, by a message of the Senate, to his Most Christian Majesty to this effect; and we venture to hope that those two Mo narchs will deign to listen to the wishes of the nation. "3. That your Excellency will be pleased to intercede for us with his Imperial Majesty, in order that the free navi gation of the Black Sea may be granted to the Greek flag." This speech, delivered in the Greek language, was translated by M. Rizo. One of the Senators, who under stands a little French, complained that the translation was quite unfaithful. M. de Ribeaupiere replied that he would do his utmost to fulfil the wishes of Greece, and that his Imperial Majesty's wishes were to that effect; but be thought it would be very difficult to obtain from the Porte the free navigation of the Black Sea for the Greek flag. After the departure of M. de Ribeaupiere, which took place on the 10th of January, the President went on the 13th on board the steam-boat to Salamis, and cast anchor the same d,:y off Ambelaki. The troops there, which were in a state of mutiny, sent a deputation to compliment him, and at the same time to require the execution of the promise made . by the President on the 29th of December, to discharge their arrears of pay.— After reciprocal disputes, excuses, and threats, the Pre sident ordered M. ahodios, the Paymaster-General, to repair on board the Helena Russian frigate, which lay in the harbour at anchor, and there to get 40,000 Spanish dollars, which, with 50,000 dollars from the pub lic treasury, made six months' pay to 23d Sept. 1829. After this payment, the President promised another quarter, deducting, however, one month's pay to be dis tributed among the wounded; but upon the condition that the troops should assent to a new organization, by which the Government should be secured against all impositions with respect to the number of men entitled to pay, for it was demanded for 8,000 men, whereas the President was able to convince himself that there were in fact only 2,800 men actually under arms. The troops were not inclined to this on any account ; but on the one hand they were threatened that if they did not return to order it a moment's notice, the Allied Powers were on the point of finally determining the fate of Greece, and they would lose all claim to Rumelia, their native country. On the other hand it was intimated to them that in case they persisted, the mutineers would be arrested and sent to Siberia. The deputies of the troops, therefore, agreed to the proposal, and a committee of seven members, among whom were the two brothers, Andrew and Constantine Metaxa, proceeded to effect the new organization, after which another quarter will be paid, deducting a month's pay for the wounded. It is remarked, however. that Con stantine Metaxa, who is always with the Greek Captains, and hay; only about 100 men in his pay, always gets from the President pay for 200. The chiefs, therefore, cannot well be expected to give an example of order and correc tion of abuses. The affair being thus settled, the President left Salamis on the 14th January, promising to return in a fortnight and receive the new oath. At this time (22d January) there are in the Exchequer 1,400,000 Turkish piastres, including the 180,000 francs which the Baron de Rouen lately delivered from his Government. AARIISTADT, APRIL '7. The event which we have apprehended for some weeks past has happened; we have to lament the death of the Grand Duke, our revered Sovereign, who expired yester day at half-past twelve o'clock, at noon, in the 76th year of his age, and on the last day of the 40th year of his memorable reign. The Grand Duke Louis has issued an ordinance an nouncing that he has assumed the reins of Government. His Royal Highness has ordered a mourning of twelve weeks for his august father. The garrison of this city took the oath of fidelity to the new Sovereign yesterday afternoon. BRUSSELS, APRIL 13. The papers cis?stain various accounts of the damage caused by the storms, accompanied with thunder and lightning, on the Bth and 9th of this month. Several farm-houses were struck by lightning, and entirely con sumed. The Law Commissioners have recommended the raising the sum for which an arrest for debt may take place, from 201. to 1001. This will be a salutary alteration, and whatever difference of opinion may exist on the expediency of al lowing arrest for debt in general, there will not be much on the propriety of confining its opera tion to cases where there is really a considerable lamount of property at stake. Under proper regulation arrests on mesue process are not to be sweepingly condemned, though they ought not certainly to be resorted to with so little check as at present. They are not sanctioned either by' the law of Scotland, or of any other country in Europe, unless upon proof that the debtor is about to leave the kingdom. The most generally recognized proceeding is an attachment on the goods of the debtor until he gives bail, which we think might well be sub stituted for the attachment on the person in the first instance. In the city of London attach ments on property are found to work extremely well, and there is no reason why they should not be extended to the rest of the kingdom. This should he the first process against a debtor above 100/. ; and if he has no tangible property, the creditor should then be allowed to apply to a Judge or some proper authority for an order to arrest his person, if the circumstances of the case should appear to require such a proceeding, for the creditor's r,ecurity. In the same way, after judgment, the person of the defendant should only be taken in execution as the last resort, and not before ascertaining that no goods are to be found. Arrests are at present used as much for intimidation as for security, and so far, are oc casionally a mercy to debtors in frightening them from litigation ; but when we consider that by far the larger portion of the actions which go to trial are defended not upon the merits, but in order to gain time, and take advantage of technicalities, it can hardly be supposed that arrests often have the effect of compelling debtors to satisfy imme diately the just demands of their creditors. Thi s intimidation system, moreover, may, and often does, lead to instances of great individual oppression, and partakes more of the spirit of the bully than that of even justice. Where commercial credit is so useful and so' indispensable as in England, and in a state of society in which nine people out of ten actually • live by anticipation of their revenues, some secu rity either in the shape of arrest or attachment seems necessary at the commencement of legal proceedings. We cannot, therefore, agree with those who would totally abolish the system of bail, though its better regulation is strongly called for. A debtor, after remaining in prison a few weeks fbr want of bail, comes regularly out under the Insolvent Act, after the loss not only of his time, but of twenty or thirty pounds spent in obtaining his discharge, which ought to have been applied to the payment of his debts. The Insolvent Court is a sort of safety valve for pro fligates and swindlers ; the practice in it is one of th e most thriving and profligate branches of the law, and its business seems to be gradually swelling. By reforming the Law of Arrest this insolvent relief system would be, in a great measure, rendered superfluous, and creditors would gain, in fact, a full equivalent for the loss of the power of arrest. But the Law Commis sioners, throughout their Report, carefully ab stain from recommending on any occasion any thorough change of system ; their endeavour has rather been to smooth down things as they are, and the amendments they have suggested are altogether so small as to be almost imperceptible on the face of our " rudis indigestaque moles" of law. They have pruned down a few little excrescences, of whose existence few people knew or cared about, and they have been inactive when hard strokes ought to have been struck. They have certainly recommended the dismissal of John Doe and Richard Roe from his MA JESTY'S service ; but these gentlemen, if they have done no good, have certainly done no harm in their career, and it is pure humbug to say that the law will be improved by their removal, or that it can signify a speck of dust whether we have them with us or not. There are abuses, however, left untouched which do signify very much, and which, as it were, for that reason have been left to grow in tranquillity. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCIL,(THIS DAY, FROM LLOYD'S. DEAL, APRIL IC—Wind W.S.W.—Cailed the out ward bound, some of which hare put back, and others are at anchor off the South Foreland and Dover Roads. PORTSMOUTH, APRIL 14.--Wind W. S. W.—Arrived his Majesty's ship Galatea, from Plymouth. Off port, the Royal George, Eeibleton, from the Mauritius. Cow's, APRIL 14.-Wind W.S.W.—Arrived the Ritson, Dillon, from Rio Janeiro ; and Ellen, Johnson, from Pernambuco. LIVERPOOL, Aran. 13.--Arrival the Harmony, Dixon, from Pernambuco ; Muanac, Spears, from Paraiba ; Peru, Deck, from Mobile ; John and Josepb, Hooper, from Alicant ; and Ann Paly, Roylston, from Lisbon. Off port, the General Putnam, from New Orleans. PLYMOUTII, APRIL 13.—Wind N.N.W.—Sailed the Restitution, Moons, for St. John's, New Brunswick. BILFAST, APRIL 11.—Arrived the Anna Maria, But then, from Alicant ; and Susannah, Bevan, from Terra Nova. The Frances Watson, Bragg, was driven on shore in Algo Bay during a gale, on 13th January, and not ex pected to be got off. The cargo previously landed. The Ann, Miles, from Limerick to London, was burnt at sea let inst. Crew saved. The Loyal Sam, Nichols, from Bahia to Macaio, is totally lost near the latter port. THE FUNDS.-(THIS DAY.) CITY, TWELVE O' CL GK. Accounts from Lisbon state that it was deemed neces sary to send troops into the Alentejo, and the sth Regi ment of Cavalry has been cantoned at Estremos. In spite of the promises which the Miguelites have made of the future moderation of their Government, it is known that within these few days two vessels have sailed fur the Tagus with three hundred persons on board, condemned for political opinions. It appears that the naval armament against Algiers will consist of 119 ships of war. Admiral Duperre has pub lished an order of the day to stimulate the zeal of the officers in forwarding the expedition. Mauritius Papers have been received at the North and South American Coffee-house, to the 20th December; they contain an Order of Council, for extending for two years the registry of the slaves*. Information from the Island of Jersey brings accounts that the unpleasant disputes which have hitherto annually taken place between the oyster-boats and French cutters have been this year unfortunately renewed ; scarcely had the fishing season commenced when five or six smacks were seized by the French cutters, for having transgressed the regulated limits, and laid up in the harbour of Granville. Tll5 FUNDS. The Express from Paris, with the exception of the re port of the taking of Tripoli by Ibrahim Pacha, is of minor importance, and although the French renter come higher Consols have receded ; they opened at the same price they left off at, at 931 for the Account, since which they went down to 931, and at present may be quoted 93i and for next time 93! We understand that iu the Foreign Market there has been a failure of some implrtance : a Hebrew, it is said, has differences amounting to about twenty thousand pounds. No material speculation in the above market has as yet been effected. ENGLISH Bank Stock, 216 17 India Stock, 3 per Cent. Cons. 93 Do. for Account, 93, I Ditto Reduced, 921 FUNDS. 3i per Ct. 99i 100 New 4 per Cent., 10t 4 per Ct. 1826, 1041 t India Bonds, 82 83 Exchequer Bills, 80 81 TWO 0' CL 0 CIE LirEnpooL, APRIL 13.—The Loyal, Sam Nicholas, was totally lost between Bahia and Macaio; had on board 800 bags of cotton. VIE FUNDS. Consols have been fluctuating daring the morning from 93a to 93i for the Account; at present they are 93} buyers. The decline is attributed to the near approach of settling-day, which takes place to-morrow in the Coneol Market, and which is euppo•ed to be a Bull Account. Up to the present hour we do nut hear of any political infor mation. Since writing our twelve o'clock account, we have made further inquiry with regard to the failure in the fo reign house, and we understand that it is not of that mag nitude we at nest stated, the difference being only to the amount of 1,500/. or 2,000/., and there are some hopes that the affair will be privately adjusted. It is settling-day in the :dative market, and the heaviest account to wind up is that of Greek Bonds. At present we do not hear of any further failures. Greek Bonds have lowered. In other Foreign Securities little doing. 7BR E E 0' CL 0 CI. Consols 931, buyers. FOUR O'CLOCK.—CLOSING PRICES. Consols 93f k Danish 75f Do. for Ac 93f f I Greek, 1825 47f Brazilian Bonds 73 Mexican, 1825 35 Buenos Ayres Peruvian 22k Chilian Do. 27k Russian 11 l f Columbian, 1824, 23 Spanish 17k On Sunday afternoon Mrs. MONCUR, wife of ROBERT Moscutt, shoemaker, Westport, in a fit of in sanity, rushed out of her house, with an open knife in her hand, and aimed a blow at the breast of ANN Firma: nos, a girl about 15 years of age, who was sweeping her master's stairs. The girl raised her left hand to ward off the blow, when the knife passed through it. It appears that the un fortunate woman has been in a state of insanity for some days. She was soon secured and conveyed to the Police Office.--,Edinburgh Paper. A ''... OLD BAILEY.---(THIS DAY.) OLD COURT. These Sessions commenced this morning before :the Right Hon. the LORD 3.layoa, Sheriffs, and usual city Officers. The Judges in attendance are Ur. Justice Nevi •sni Mr. Justice GAZZLZE. Mr. Serjeant A RABIN said, from the great number of prisoners for trial, the present Sessione would in all probe bility last a much longer time than usual ; and as the tiro. of the Court was frequently wasted by witnesses not being in attendance, he wished it to be known that in all such cases they would not in future be allowed their expellees. Henry Wright Smith, aged 20, a young man of veil respectable appearance, was capitally indicted for stealing in the dwelling-house of George Duekett, two watches and other articles, value 501., the property of Charles Carols, There are four other indictments of a similar nature against the prisoner, amongst which is one for robbing Messrs. Sewell and Cross, his employers, of 200 yards of silk, and a great quantity of other goods. Elizabeth Caron stated that sire lived in Seymour-street, Somers-town. In January last the prisoner called at ber brother's house to look at lodgings ; they were shown to him, and he agreed to take them, and said he would take possession on the following day. Prisoner gave witness a reference as to his respectability to No. 3, Judd-places He called again on the following day (Saturday) whet/ witness told him he was not known at No. 3, Judd-plat* He replied " No ; I have made a mistake as to the now ber : it is not No. 3, but No. 28." Prisoner slept at the house on that night, and staid at home all the following day until evening, when he said that be must go out, 0 his brother had been taken ill. Witness sat up for bias till very late, but he did not return until the following day. Witness told him that his luggage had not arrived, when he said that there must be some mistake, eta he supposed the porter had serried it to a wrung number. Shortly atter this conversation the prisoner &glair left home, and did not afterwards return. Witness, osi the following morning, missed a trinket-hoz, containing a watch, and the other articles named in the indictmentk Was quite sure they were safe when the prisoner left the house. He was apprehended a few days afterwards. "- Cross.examined by Mr. CLeaxsow.......Wit ness i s a , married woman, but did not live with her husband ; they bad been separated for a length of time, and she could not say whether he was living or dead. The property belonged to her, but there was no settlement previous to her marriage.- Mr. Burgess, a pawnbroker, produced the article stolen, which he was quite positive had been pledged br the prisoner at differ en t t i mes , w h o sa i d part of the arti , cles belonged to himself, and the others to his sister. Mrs. Caren was recalled, and identified the artieles prni`' duced as her property. Henry Davis produced a gold watch, which the loner had pledged with his master, Mr. Beecham, a paws' . broker, in Holborn. Mr. Justice Parora—l suppose pawnbrokers do ant usually lend the full value on articles? Witness-14.A' often, my Lord, although we do sometimes. If the watch` had been hung up in the window for sale, we should We: asked 71. for it. Several pawnbrokers produced a variety of article, which had been pawned by the prisoner, and all of which were identified by Mrs. Caron as her property. Mr. J. Mills stated that the prisoner lodged with him` about five or six months before he was taken into custody. He told witness that he was a draper's shopman. In owl sequence of something that witness had heard he request' Limbrick, the officer, to watch the prisoner, and after wards caused him to be apprehended. Cross-examined--Had heard that the prisoner's mother WAS a very respectable Woman, and also that the prisoner, on one occasion, made an attempt upon his life, by taking a quantity of poison, Limbrick, police officer, apprehended the pri soner in February last, at the house of the last witneen.• On searching him he found a great quantity of pawn brokers' duplicates. Witness on taking him into custody' said, " You must be a very bad man to rob a poo r woman like Mrs. Caron." He replied, ' 4 lam Yell sorry for it, but I was so mush in debt." _ _ Mary Brett stated that the prisoner lodged for a time at her mother's house. When he came there he brought the trunk now produced. By Mr. 6LAaKsox—Had read the story of " George' Barnwell." Never lived with the prisoner, or passed es his wife. Mr. Justice PAILICZ—I suppose you are an unfortunate woman ? Witness—Yes, my Lord. Mr. Justice Pi. —I am sorry for you, young woman. By Mr. CLAitason—About a mouth before the Pri" sonar was sppreheudtd, h• book a quantity of laudanum. He was ♦ery ill afterwards. This was the case for the proseeution. The prisoner declined saying any thing in his defence. Mr. CLARK SON said he thought he should be able to prove that the prisoner was at times labouring ender in sanity. Mr. Justice PanicE—Thatt will be for the decision of Ann Clarke stated that the prisoner and the girl Brett lived together at her house at the time he attempted to poison himself. His conduct on that and several other oc casions was most wild and extraordinary. Mrs. Smith, mother of the prisoner, (a most respect able looking woman) said that she went to see her sou often; he had taken a quantity of laudanum, ke appeared very ill. The prisoner, when a child, received a blow on the head, which so affected him that she was advised by the professional gentleman that attended him to watch ' his future actions. Witness had another son who was similarly afflicted. He died a few months since.—(Tbis witness was dreadfully agitated whilst giving her evidence.) Mr. Justice PARXE slimmed up. His Lordship was of opinion there was not sufficient proof of insanity. The Jury, without hesitation, returned a verdict of . Guilty—Death. Justice PARKE said, he was quite satisfied with the verdict, and was sorry to take up the time of the Jury wick trying another case against the prisoner, but as there were several other capital indictments against him, he was bound by command of his Majesty to try some of them, The prisoner was then arraigned on another indictment, charging him with robbing his employers, Messrs. S e well and Cross, linen-drapers, of 229 yards of silk and other articles value 501. Mr. CHARLES PHILLIPS conducted the prosecution. Two shopmeu of Messrs. Sewell and Cross proved the prisoner living as shopman with that firm, and that the property produced, which bad been pawned by him, be longed to the prosecutors. In answer to a question by Mr. Clarkson, the witness stated that the private mark of Messrs. Sewell and Crow wa. DJ L M4:l UAS R. The interpretation of which was, " Do justice, love mercy, be upright, and sincerely righteous." Air. Justice PARKE—Nothing could be better than a text of scripture. Mr. Justice PARKE, in summing up, said as there was no proof that property to the value of Sit. had been stolen at one time, the prisoner could not be convicted for the capital past of the charge. The Jury returned ;verdict of guilty of stealing under ;he value of 5/. 111 r. Justice PARKE—Really, gentlemen, this is a most heart-rending and distressing case. There is no less than fire other capital indictments lying upon the table against the unfortunate young man at the bar, but I think it is not necessary for the ends of justice to proceed with them. His Lordship then addressed the prisoner, and begged of him, in the most earnest manner, not for a moment to flatter himself with any hope of mercy. It was lamentable to see one so young cut off from society ; but the cases against him were of such a heinous nature, that the extreme penalty of the . law would assuredly follow. A great quantity of property Mt then produced by va rious pawnbrokers, which was ordered to be given up to its respective owners._ The prisoner was then removed from the bar. He re tained the greatest composure throughout the trial. George Williams, aged 24, was capitally indicted for breaking and entering the dwelling-house of Mr. H. 0. I3owles, and stealing a cloak and other articles, hi-s property. CLatticsoli stated the case for the prosecution. The prisoner was charged with a robbery in the house of Mr. Bowles, at Enfield, for which Sales, the man executed on Wednesday last, had been convicted. Another of the gang had also been convicted, and the other two have not yet been taken into custody. The Learned Counsel theu stated the facts of the ease, an afterwards proved in evidence. Mr. Bowles examined—l resided at Middleton-house, Enfield, on the 19th of October last. My house was broken open on the night of that day. Mr. Bowles, jun.—On the 19th of October, I was called up about a quarter before six, and I found when I got down stairs, that the panel of the back door had been cut out, and the back door standing open. Four hats, an " eight-day clock, writing desk, and a variety of abet articles were stolen. I attended last Sessions, and gave evidence against Sales. On that occasion I identified several articles of property that bad been stolen. John Lee—l remember the night of the robbery at Enfield. Did not know the prisoner at the bar before that night.—Met biro in Shire-Tani about the middle atilt 4y, Belver of one afiek money much they ao one ar dispose( in a Bui bßssions the Ant teeth. W4B SW do him 4 fetnall Crvsi 'ions At the Were gc tii i d "untry treat le 4 aY und Skral br o k e , Cannot John PAlcnont ni g h t o (+l . then John night ol one of Mr. tity of the pro prisoner be true, deuce o: Whi cor The , The 11r• Sel 41 1tir _ eel dbrc Years 0 e tealin tt, uarr last. and fou Nctr l of articles Bce. no, "' i trgarf t . e aded — wilteo c k ept to Jame L ean ! 01 of Willi til e Rot 19th of of Colin.. GeOrB "len-afro W t,wh Pans ; the nulo yr hat wi ness told until sai s give wi t in the , XL Witness pointed cook sho for some Lim,in them to When Wakfflicl ''s —...._ .....