The Sun. — London, England, 1831-06-07 00:00:00

?FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. FRENCH PAPERS. (From the Netional of Sartirday.) - .;' PARIS, JUNE 3.—Letters from Milan, of a very recent date, speak of a treaty of alliance, offensive and defensive, between the new King of Sardinia .and the Austrian Government, by which the first is stated to place sixty thousdrul men at the disposal of the second. The same letters add, that there are at Milan twenty-five Austrian Generals, who have been called together to receive the instructions of General Frimont, Commander-in• Chief or the army In Italy. TOULON, MAY 28.—1 told you in my last the re ports relative to the departure An el destination of the ships which sailed at the tame time as the Arle;lise, To-day we have ret:..eived news of the position of the reserve squadron. The Perk corvette, Captain Jonglas, anchored in our road yesterday. It was despatched by General Hugon to receive the Orders of the Maritime Prefect, and the despatches of the Government. We have learned by this channel that the Perle did not, in fees, escort the Prince of Joinville to Corsica, neither has it sailed for Lishn. The Perle left it at ten or twelve leagues from the coast, manoeuvring sometimes off Marseilles, some times off Toulon. The purpose of these naval evolutions is said to be to exercise the conscripts lately incorporated into the marine; but it is believed that the Government wishes to conceal the destination of this squadron and the moment of its departure : it is certain that the Perle, sailed again yesterday evening with dis patches and instructions for Admiral Hugon. The squadron consists of the Alger, Tridext, (bearing the Admiral's flag), Marengo, Ville de Marseille, and Algesiras of the line; the Perle corvette, and the Cuirassier brig. The .keibis, a corvette of burden, is to sail to-day ;it conveys to Algiers Major- General Brossard and his family, some officers be longing to the army in Africa, and several subalterns and soldiers, who are going to settle in the colony with their wives and children. (From the Cnstitutionnel of Saturday.) BERNE, MAY 27•—The town of Arberg, one of the most important military positions of Western Switzerland, is being strongly fortified. A company of sappers of Zurich, assisted by a multitude of labourers, bas been at work there ever since the spring. PARIS, JUNE 3.—lt is said that General Belliard has arrived at Paris this morning from Brussels. LAUSANNE, MAY 2g.—The Lower Valais has been in a state of insurrection for these four days past. The five lower divisions, comprising the most civilised part of the country, having, for these six months, in vain demanded a revisal of their Consti tution, and a more equitable distribution of political rights, have now had recourse to arms, which they declare they will not lay down till the authorities shall have been changed, and a Constituent Assem bly legally appointed to draw up a new constitution. The centre of the insurrection is at Martyny, where the tree of liberty has been planted, as well as at St. Maurice, and Monthey. It is in the Valley of Bagne that they are prepared to maintain the combat, if they should be unable to resist in the plain. Some companies of militia were assembling at Sion, to march to the Lower Valais with three cannon. It is difficult to foresee the result of this struggle; but the people of the Lower Valais, oppressed by the oligarchy and the Upper Valais, have able Chiefs. who have doubtless calculated all the obstacles, arid left nothing to chance. The Lower Valaisans are the only persons who lately seemed disposed to de fend their country against foreign invasion. The population of the Upper Valais could not dissemble their partiality to the Austrians. HAMB UR G PAPERS. 11A3IBURG, JUNE 3 —The Prussian Stale Ga zelle of the second instant contains the following:— " Foss THE POLISH FRINTIER, MAY 29. Accounts from the theatre of war state that the Polish Commander-in-Chief was attacked by Mar shal Diebitsch on the 26th inst. at Os•rotenka, when a sanguinary battle ensued, in which the Rus sian army was victorious. Ostralenkir was taken by storm by the Russians with astounding bravery. The division of the Polish General Gielgud, which snood at Loniza, has been cut off by the movements and successes of the Russian army. The Poles ac knowledge their own loss in killed and wounded to amount to four thousand men. Among the killed are Generals Kicki and Kaminski, arid a number of Staff Officers. The headquarters of the Polish Commander-in-Chief were on the 27th again at Pultusk. " WARSAW, MAY 28 ON THE EVENING.)—In the battle of Ostrolenka, on the 26th, both armies ' fought with an inveteracy unexampled. The oldest Generals have no recollection of so sanguinary a combat. The result is, that General Skryzneeki has to-day again fixed his head-quarters in Praga. Among the killed on the side of the Poles are Ge nerals Kicki-and Kaminski, and Lieutenant-Colonel Gazenski. Twenty thousand men, on one side or the other, are said to have remained on the field of battle. Quarter was out of the question, the chief work was performed with the bayonet. The Rus sian Guards were in action, and displayed great bravery." The Prussian State Gazette of the 2d June has the following : " WARSAW, MAY 29.—A relation of the most re cent operations published to-day says—" The chief object of the movement of our army towardsTykoczin and Lomza was to enable a corps under the command of General Chlapowski to reach Lithuania, in order to afford assistance to the insurgents in that province. This point having been attained—as the Commander in-Chief found it impossible to induce the Russian Guards to give battle, and as the junction of Marshal Diebitsch with the gnards would give a combined force far superior to his own, he determined to re turn to his former position, while General Gielgud, who it was intended should enter the northern part of Lithuania, began his march upon Lomza. Mar shal Diebitsch, in the meantime, having effected his junction with the Guards, determined to cut our army off from 'Warsaw. The gallant resistance of the 2d corps, under General Lubienski, which forced its way at the point of the bayonet through a force thrice its own strength, enabled General Skryznecki to pursue his march. On the 25th the Guards at tacked General Lubienski, whose corps formed our rear, at the same time that Diebitsch was advancing in the (Election of Czyzew. Our army was already on the right bank of the Narew, and the rear only remained on the oppoai!e bank. On the 26 h the attack was renewed, commanded by Marshal Die bitsch in person. The Polish General drew nearer to Ostrolenka, and the enemy's march was arrested by the tire which the haubitzers had kindled in the town. General Lubienski crossed the Narew and burnt the bridge, but not so effectually as to prevent its being quickly restored. Accordingly General Schakoffskoi, supported by a tremendous artillery, succeeded in crossing the river. A most violent combat ensued : the enemy vainly endeavoured to convey large masses to the right hank ; our troops defended themselves most brilliantly. The carnage was dreadful, and lasted several hours, during which our troops in vain endeavoured to force the enemy back to the other side of the river, who on his part was also vainly striving to effect his purpose. The chief point of contention was the bridge, and a long elevated dyke which passes along the marshy shore of the Narew, and the nature of the ground contri buted much to give the battle a sanginary character. They fought man to man, and thousands were killed by being thrown over the dyke. The Russian troops displayed a degree of courage and resolution far superior to what they had shown in the pre ceding part of the campaign. Am unusual heat in creased the labour of the day. The Russians threw away their knapsacks, to be more at their ease. At length, towards evening, fatigued by their exertions, and unable to overcome the resistance of our gallant troops, the enemy withdrew to the left bank of the river, and we remained in possession of the field of battle, upon which the Commander-in-Chief passed the night, in order to provide for the relief of the .'sounded. To have commenced the battle would have tended to no result, as Gen. Gielgud had had full time to effect his march over Lomza, the Com mander-in-Chief therefore resolved to retreat over Rozen to Pultusk. This march was effected in per fect order, is.nd without being in any way disturbed by the enemy, who, it appears, had suffered too se verely to follow us. To estimate the loss on both ides, is as yet impossible. On our side from three to four thousand men are hors de combat; but it appears certain, that though theCommander-in-Chief, ‘vith his usual caution, avoids all allusion to the loss of the ene:ny, it must be at least double ours. Four mgiments, one of them the Guards, that flrst a'aempted to pass the river, were cut to pieces. We lost neither artillery, hag - gage, or prisoners ; a few stragglers alont can have fallen into the enemy's hands tithing the retreat. We have taken only 200 'prisoners. Generals Kicki and Kayminski have bean killed. Two other Generals, Pac and Bogus towski, have been ',lightly wounded. According to the statoments of the prisoners, three Russian Ge r.sel-als have been killed. The severe service which our troops have hail to pass through, has induced the Commander-in-Chief to allow them a few days' rest at Praga. " The intelligence that the Polish army, after a sanguinary and disastrous battle, was approaching the capital, spread consternation here; but the frank statement of General Skrzynecki has tended for the present to tranquillize the public mind. Two fresh regiments of infantry, and several squadrons of cavalry, have already proceeded to the camp." BRUSSELS, JUNE 3. (From the Times Private Correspondent.) This morning the crowd around the Congress was as great as yesterday, the general expectation being that the election of the Chi, f of the State would take place. The President took the chair at eleven o'clock, M. Seron, an old man of the French republican school, read a discourse, in which he contendei that it was bad policy to elect as King of Belgium a Prince altogether under the influence of England. He always was attached to France and to freedom : and if France did not now come forward to support its ancient glory, it was the fault of its present Government, and not of the people. M. de Morreghem declared that he had been at first op posed to Prince Leopold ; but finding that he was likely to be united to a French Princess, and hoping that this union would be useful to both countries, be should support his election. M. A. Rodenbach, a blind man, said, that as he could not read his discourse, he begged the President to allow M. Robaulz to read it for him. The discourse contained a strong invocation of war as the only means of relieving the nation from the tyranny of protocols. He was, how ever, willing to support the Prince of Saxe Coburg, if he could be sure of settling the affairs of Belgium. The President then read a proposition, signed by twelve Members of the Congress, for the election of a native Prince. This proposition was remarkable, as the signa tures were chiefly of the Republican and Ultra-French partisans. M. Van Snick hoped that the minority would, after the election, merge into the majority without exciting any disturbances in the country. He thought the election of a Prince educated in England was best suited to support freedom in Belgium, and to whom the Regency of England was at one time about to be intrusted. The experience of the Prince—his knowledge of the representative system of Government—and his disinterestedness relative to Greece, showed him fit to be King of a free people. The com mercial interests of Belgium would be improved by the of ening of the English ports to some of its products. 1 Freedom of the Press and of speech placed their liberties I beyond all danger ; and their religion was secure under a Constitution which allowed to all full liberty of conscience. M. Abbe d'Andrieux, a clergyman, dressed in sacer- 1 dotal garments, said that the Constitution was his symbol ; of politics, and it required no stipulation as to the religion f the Chief of the State, which he thought was a wise ' arrangement. Why should not the King as well as the subject be free in his religion and his mode of worship? He would vote for Prince Leopold, as a guarantee of peace. Although he abhorred war, he thought it Pre ferable to dishonour, and the injustice to which the Con ference of London was about to subject the country. But he still hoped for peace. The 30th of June would decide if their patriotism was dead. M. L'Abbe Boucqueau de Villeraic, a canon, read a long discourse in favour of the election of Prince Leopold of Saxe Coburg, which the great majority of the people hearti:y desired. M. Lecocq would vote for Prince Leopold, who would soon be not a German nor an Englishman, but a liberal Belgian, and who would protect their liberties, their country, their nationality, their honour, and their public prosperity. M. Hellas de iluddegliem would vote for the Prince of Saxe Cobtrig, if the conditions of his election were decided; but he should then vote against him, as he considered that France was opposed to his election. M. Lebeau, Minister of Foreign Affairs, spoke solely as a member of the Congress, not because he wished to de cline being considered responsible, but because he wished not to influence the decision of any Member. If he spoke as Minister, he should say, that the Government could not promise the pure and simple acceptation of the Crown by the Prince of Coburg, bt cause they always thought the acceptation would be contingent and su bordinate to the arrangement of the question of Lim burg; but there was no doubt that the election was likely to facilitate the negotiations. Observations were made on certain late protocols, which he did not deny might be authentic, but of the truth of the translation of which he was not certain, and in which the word " com pensation" was found ; but when the letter of Lord Pon sonhy was consulted, the word found was " indemnity." The Conference knew that no negotiations would be en tered into except 'on the basis of the inviolability of the Constitution, and the integrity of the territory. In Lord Ponsonby's letter, in which the " the Prince is willing to take upon himself as Sovereign the se.ttlemeot of this affair," would he found the true meaning of the future negotiations. If the King of Holland be obliged to yield on this question, no objection would be urged by the German Diet, which would certainly not support King William, who was the opponent of their interests, in throwing obstacles as to the navigation of the Rhine. There was in the protocols a remarkable passage that pro nounced the decheance of the Orange family from the throne of Belgium, and supported the acceptation of the sovereignty by Prince Leopold. Was this not a guarantee of a good understanding on the subject of negotiations? And then, as to the debt. The Congress_ could nut forget the words of the Prince,—" It is very natural that you should not wish to pay the debts of others." It was said by an Honourable Member that the object of the Conference was the restoration. A restoration, in deed ! Close to the French frontiers, a restoration ! Would France consent that the sacred principle of popular elec • lion should be trampled under foot so speedily ? In France, as well as in England, all the principles of legitimacy were derived from the exclusion of a restoration. Did gentle men think, if the Prince of Saxe Coburg accepted the throne which the Prince of Orange coveted, that he would keep it ? This was not the first time of their being rivals. —(Laughter.) Yes, once at least before Prince Leopold had Liken the place, and he kept it, aye, and kept it well too.—(Bursts of laughter.) A parallel was attempted to be made between the case of Prince Leopold and that of the Duke of Nemours, but it could not hold ; for in the latter case no one wished for him personally as So vereian, while France did nut dare to support him; while, on the contrary, now all desired the Prince of Saxe Co burg personally, and nothing opposed his election to the throne but a few details. AI. de Robaulx then, in a loose rambling discourse, commented at length on the speech of the Minister, and contended that the conference of London plainly showed its intention of having Limburg given to Holland in ex change for Luxemburg. fie placed no confidence in diplo macy ; and he would not vote for the Prince of Saxe Co burg, because he thought that if that Prince accepted the throne, it would be with the protocols annexed to his ac ceptance, or otherwise it would be a refusal. He should propose that the Regent be elected King, as an indigenous Prince, whose worth, virtues, and talents were known to all his countrymen. M. A. Gendebien commented at great length on the acts of the Ministry. He had personally done much for the freedom of his country, yet he would vote against the election of Prince Leopold of Saxe Coburg, who was a spring borrowed from the machine of the Holy Alliance, in order to stop the movement of the revolution. To the Prince he bad no personal dislike ; but his election would produce the same evils as in France, where the Charter was whatthe Constitution of Belgium might become a cheat ,dune mensonge). He should vote for a native Prince.' The Congress then adjourned until ten o'clock on Satur day. During this day's proceedings the conduct of the public in the galleries was tranquil and becoming. SATURDAY, JUNE 4. The crowd assembled round the Congress long before the doors were opened. At eleven o'elock the President took the chair. The proces verbal of yesterday's proceedings was read and adopted. The President then declared that the order of the day was the election of the chief of the state: A short discussion took place as to the mode of proceed ing, when it was agreed that it should be conducted in pre cisely the same manner as that of the Duke de Nemours, ou the 4th of February last. A table was brought into the centre of the ball, by the huissiers, and an urn was placed on the elevated table, be- hind which the President and the four Secretaries sit. The President then drew by lot the names of eight mernlrors to form the committee of scrutiny, who took their seats around the table, three acted as secretaries, three as scrutineers, and two to read aloud the votes. The lists of the members were then read over, and each, as his name was called, went to the tribune ,in front of the chair, and handed a billet to the President, who put it into the urn. Each billet was signed with the member's name. This proceeding occupied more than half an hour. M. A. Rodenbach, who is blind, was led up the steps of the tribune, in order to hand his ticket to the President. The urn was handed down to the committee, and the President declared that 196 members had given in their votes: two were absent on account of illness, and two without leave, The tickets were then counted over, and found correct. One of the committee then opened them, and read aloud each vote, and the member's name; and the other mein ber took it, and also read it aloud. It was then handed to the three scrutineers, who examined it to find it correct. One vote was declared by the Congress to be null, on ac count of the wording of it. After the tickets had been all read and pronounced cor rect, the result of the scrutiny was handed to the Presi dent, who read it aloud as follows : For declaring his Royal Highness Leopold, Prince of Saxe Co burg, King of the Belgians Against his election lO For declaring the Regent, Baron Surlet de Chokier, King l4 Abstained from voting One vote declared null Total 196 The President then read the decree of the election, and declared his Royal Highness Leopold George Frederick, Prince of Saxe Coburg, Kit.g of the Belgians, in conformity to the constitution. The decree is as follows : " In the name of the Belgian people, the National Con gress decrees— " Art. 1. His Royal Highness Leopold, George Fre derick Prince of Saxe Coburg, is proclaimed King of the Belgians, on condition of accepting the constitution es it has been decreed by the National Congress. Art. 2. He is not to take possession of the throne, until after having solemnly taken the following oath I swear to observe the constitution and laws of the Belgian people, and to maintain the national independence and integrity of the territory.' The President, and the Congress, and the galleries ap plauded, by clapping their hands, and cries of "Bravo, and long live our King." The people on hearing the cannon announce the election, rushed in crowds tow aids the Congress. All seemed pleased and express their hopes that the Prince will come hither and bring with him the liles•ings of peace and tranquillity. The Congress next proceeded to name a commission of ten members, including the President, who are to proceed to London to announce his election to the new Monarch. LISBON. (From the Cork Southern Reporter.) SEIZURE OF ALL THE PORTUGUESE SHIPPING IN THE TAGUS, BY THE FRENCH SQUADRI)N. His Majesty's brig Nautilus, Lord G. Paulett, Corn man'ler, arrived in this harbour last night, in seven days' from Lisbon, and has therefore brought accounts much later than those by the Lisbon mail. The Nautilus left on Friday, the 27th ult., at which time two French frigates, two corvettes, and a brig, had arrived in the Tagus, seized on all Portuguese vessels in port, and were also making capture of all Portuguese vessels arriving. A great increase of the French force was hourly looked for. His Majesty's ship Windsor Castle, and others of the British squadron, left with the Nautilus. CAPTURE OF THE ISLAND OF ST. GEORGE BY THE PORTUGUESE CONSTITUTIONAISTS. By the Good Intent APDonahl, arrived off this harbour from Terceira, we have advices froru that island to the 17th of May. On the 9-h of April the Regency laid an embargo on the British shipping in Angra ; and on the 17th, 600 troops, with four field pieces and materiel, were embarked on board six schooners, only two of which belonged to Government, the remainder being the British schooners, Maria, of Plymouth ; Rose , of J erse y ; Duchess of Gloucester; and the Coquette, of London. The three former were freighted by the Government; and the Coquette, just arrived with a cargo from Liverpool, bei ng refused on the same terms, was taken possession of. The troops were landed at Pico, having lost nearly all their beats, and the Coquette was wrecked at Terceira on the 30th of April. A Brazilian vessel was sent into Angra by the Maria. The English brig Alexander, from Bahia for Hamburg, touched there on the 14th of April for r e freshments, and was brought forcibly into the bay and detained under the forts, whilst a French ship for Havre was supplied and al lowed to proceed. These outrages on the British flag had caused a great sensation on the island, and given alarm to the British subjects for their persons and property, pirticu'arly as a bad feeling had shewn itself in the gar rison against them. The expedition left Pico and took possession of the island of St. George, on the Bth of May. They met with a feeble resistance, but slaughtered about 300 of the troops and inhabitants, and sent about 100 prisoners to Angra by the Duchess of Gloucester. On the 14th, and 16th of AI ly about 200 additional troops embarked at Angra, for St. George's, whence they intended to make a descent on Fdyal (the ori g inal object of attack), where the garrison, it is said, offered to surren der on being allowed to evacuate the islind. A contribution of 40,000 milreas (about 7,000/.) had been levied off the inhabitants of Angra, the garrison being seven months in arrear. The embargo was only taken off the day the Good Intent sailed. Several cargoes of oranges had decayed in consequence of the detention. REFORM.—England (as compared with other giant i nations) has flourished, not by virtue of the rotten-borough " constitution," but in despite of it. There wa s $ vigour in the national mind—a growing vitality n the productive powers of the people, which the wid e -eating cancer of borough legislation could not devour, nor subdue. So that if Old England still exists a great and opulent na tion, it is only because her creative energies have hitherto outgrown the devouring capabilities of the monster. A nation never yet was made great by robbers, and revel lers, and debauchees, and hypocrites. And what else have boroughmongers been ? 0 yes ! 'tis high time the people should know that England owes her greatness, not to titled drones and malefactors, but to the poor despised mil lions, who would build all the houses—raise all the food-- make all the clothes—work all the mines—and fight all the battles. These are the men who constitute the flower and strength, and pride and wealth, of a community. -- Not a gouty, gambling, divorcing, intriguing, graceless, prayerless, brainless, heartless, worthless, plundering crew I,f pensioners, who call the wealth-producers the " lower orders," and treat them like beasts as if God Almighty made them like camels, with hunches on their backs ; whilst they call themselves the " higher orders," though they do nothing but talk, and dissipate, anti make bad laws, to keep the workmen in ignorance and poverty.-- Birmingham Herald. Influenza at present prevails to a great e xtent in this city and neighbourhood ; but the nature of the disease seems to be comparatively innocent, and scarcely any mortality has ensued from it alone. It seems to be infectious, and is indicated by a pain of the head and breast , accompanied with a running at the nostrils, and general debility. Scarcely a family has escaped, more or less, the infection.— Glasgow Chronicle. It is now very generally admitted, by their warmest partisans, that it was to their personal hauteur and unapproachableness that the Tories mainly owe their ex pulsion from office; and that if, instead of listening only to their little world of Downing -street, they bad sought information in a wider circle, they would have learnt what public feeling and opinion was, and conformed their con duct to their knowledge. Of the numerous barristers who travel the dif ferent circuits, it is calculated that not more than one fifth have business enou g h to cover their expenses ; and of the remainder one-half do not so much as handle a single brief, Vibr LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, JUNE 7, 1831. We regret to learn by the Hamburg Re porter, and other Papers of Friday, that the Poles found it necessary to retire on Praga, in consequence of the advance of DIEBITSCH, who had been joined by the Guards .The object of the Poles had, however, been at tained, as appears by the report of the Genera lissimo. The chief object of the movement of the army towards Tykoczin and Lomza was to enable a corps under the command of General CHRAPOWSKI to reach Lithuania, in order to afford assistance to the insurgents in that pro vince. This point having been attained, as the Commander-in-Chief found it impossible to in duce the Russian Guards to give battle, and as the junction of Marshal DIEBITSCH with the Guards would give a combined force far Superior to his own, he determined to return to his farmer position, while General GIELGUD, who it was intended should enter the northern part of Lithu- ' ania, began his march upon Lomza. Marshal DIEBITSCH, in the mean time; having effected his junction with the Guards, determined to cut off the Poles from Warsaw. But in this he was defeated. Both armies met on the 26th at Ostrolenka, and both fought with most resolute bravery. The Poles remained masters of the field of battle, though they deemed it prudent to retire during the night.-- S o desperate were the Russians that four regi ments of the Imperial Guard were cut to pieces in a ttempting to cross the Narew. The Poles lost neither artillery, baggage, nor prisoners, for there was no quarter asked nor given. Two Polish Generals, KICKI and KAMINSKI, were killed, and Generals Pm: and BOGUSTOWSKI slightly wounded. Three Russian Generals were killed. The chief work was performed with the bayonet, which accounts for the great loss on both sides. The Poles lost about 4,000, and the Russians from 15,000 to 16,000, for there were about 20,000 left dead or wounded on the field of battle. It does not appearw nether the Poles evacuated Tykoczin, and as General GIELGUD retired on Lomza, a strongly fortified place, we trust th at h e k eeps possession% s. e not at all despair of th e i r cause. T wo Regiments of Infantry, and several squadron s o f Though the Poles have thus suffered of it. severely, do Cavalry, joined their camp next day after the battle, and we shall not be surprised to hear that DIEBITSCH, whose army must have been very severely punished and disorganized, was to retreat immediately on finding that the Polk are able to maintain their positions, while his rear is endangered by the formidable charac ter of the insurrection hi Lithuania ; the gallant people of which will be greatly strengthened and cheered by the division of the Polish army sent to their assistance. The arrival of that force will give consistency and effect to all the operations of the insurgents in Lithuania, and compel the Russians to retreat for want of provisions, as all their resources in that direction will be entirely cut of. If the Poles retain possession of Lomza, the communication with Prussia will also be cut off, and DJEBITSCII must SOOn find that his situation is rendered more critical than ever. The loss consequent on his precipi tate retreat across the Bug, and the great sacrifice of men in advancing on Ostrolenka, must have crippled his numerical strength considerably. We await the next accounts with impatience, but no anxiety for the cause of Polish independence, for it is impossible in such a struggle, where the disproportion of force is so great, and the nature of the contest so des perate, that even the most intrepid can succeed without occasional reverses of fortune. The Poles have performed miracles, and they must eventually triumph, because they deserve it. Never was patriotic valour in any age or nation more worthy of the crown of immortality. England ! England !—and France !—regene rated France !—where art thou ? Can thy chivalrous sympathy only look on in shame, and weave the garland destined to adorn the grave of heroic Poland—once the devoted partner of thy military glories. Alas ! for thy spirit, but more for thy fame. An Express from Paris has brought the Journals of Sunday, and the Messager and Gazette dated yesterday. They contain, says the Morning Herald, confirmations of the great successes of the Poles on the 23d ult. It was reported and confidently believed in Paris, that Marshal DIEBITSCEI had commenced his retreat on the night of the 20th and 21st of May. A letter from our Private Correspondent ascribes this important step to causes similar to those which compelled Marshal MASSENA to break up from before Torres Vedras. • The journal des Debats contains a most im portant announcement (the authenticity qftehich it guarantees), namely, that the " States" of several counties of Hungary had addressed their King (the Emperor FRANCIS) requesting per• mission to send arms and provisions to their ancient friends the Poles ; and the immediate convocation of the Diet to deliberate on the best means of assuaging the sufferings of the Polish nation. Paris remained tranquil, but the internal state of France is by no means satisfactory. A dis turbance took place on the 29th ult. at Grenoble, which was followed by the chaunting of the Marseillaise by the people, and other indications of insubordination. To those few among our readers who may still entertain a silly apprehension of Reform, we would beg leave to recommend a careful pe rusal of a little work, just published, entitled The Life of Thomas Muir. They will there see what was the character of the system which they are so unwilling to see amended : what were the crimes, the blunders, the monstrous acts of despotism which an Anti-Reform Government committed, and which the Con stitution, as by them expounded, expressly sanctioned. The tyranny of NAPOLEON in the utmost plenitude of his power, with the Continent within his grasp, and its base, abject, crouching Sovereigns at his feet, right glad, the majority of them, to get even a smile from the great man, whose despotism they subsequently more than rivalled, without one atom of his redeeming qualities ;—the tyranny of NAPOLEON himself was a joke compared with that exercised over the souls and bodies of the people of Grea Britain, during the dynasty of the Ultras, as repre sented by the PITT Administration. The liberty of no individual in the community was then secure; spies traversed the kingdom with impunity taxes were laid on at the mere caprice of Che Minister ; place and promotion were confined solely to the worthless and the sycophantic ; in ' fact, the reign of terror and injustice was every where predominant. To be a Reformer in those days was to be an infidel—an apostate—a traitor. Even a whisper on the subject was sufficient to mark a man for life. The life of THOMAS MUIR developes a series of atrocities on the part of an Ultra Government, which are without parallel in the annals of any country. His trial was a mere mockery of justice, the Judge who condemned him was an acknow ledged partisan, who had publicly advocated the propriety of spilling a little blood, in order to bring the Reformers to their senses ; the Jury were packed, and chosen by his Lord ship their phimself,oliticaflromt tenets; previous ets ;a t acquaintance ld the se degreentence, harsh thunwarrantedpanel was by y a the e eloquent ent silte N l V I Consti tution, was defend e d b y t h e J udge on t h e so hpahrisshtictao a so phistical plea man, and had been applauded by some indivi duals in Court—a clear proof that his removal to a distant climate was necessary to the public tranquillity ! This cold-blooded mockery of jus tice took place under an Anti-Reform Adtninis tration ; and our chief object in alluding to it here, is for.the purpose of impressing on the minds of those who still doubt the propriety of a change in the representative system, the important fact, that should an Ultra Administration ever again succeed in working its way to power, the very same atrocities would be renewed. Cir cumstances which influence most men, have no effect on the unyielding mind of the true Ultra. He is the same in 1831 as he was in 1793. He is the most stubborn a nimal in creation ; a cross between the mule and the ass, blending the dogged obstinacy of the one with the inve terate stupidity 0 f the other. Let the system under which this creature has been reared, strengthened, and matured in his incom but once again obtain the ascendancy, petency, and the sufferings of such reformers as THOMAS' MUIR will be revived a hundred fold in severity. Let the timid but well-meaning Anti-Reformer remember this. The following are some further extracts from Hamburg Papers:— BERLIN, MAY 29.—Accounts from Memel of the 25th instant announce, that the Governor-General of Livonia, Esthonia, and Courland, had given orders on the 16th, that the Prussian post to and from St. Peters burg!' shall no longer be forwarded by the steam-boat be tween Liebau and Memel, but by the usual poet road through Polangen, that road being. now cleared of the insurgents, and perfectly secure. Accounts from Tilsit announce that the Chief of the Insurgents, Puschet, had been shot in an obstinate en gagement with the Russian troops, JUNE 2.—lt seems that General Umintki brought the army into danger by not follow:ng his instructions. There is no account of the present situation of his corps, but we hear that this General himself has resigned his command. General Chi ipowski, who is detached to Lithuania, is a native of the Grand Duchy of Posen, and brother-in-law to the Princess Lowicz. It is said that General Skrzynecki had arrived at Warsaw, while the army was retreating in good order on the high road from Pult Lusk to Praga. The purchases of corn made in East Prussia, for the Russian army, are very extensive, and enormous prices are paid for the conveyance. GRODNO, MAY 19.—We have just received news that the last risings in Volhynia, a faint echo of the expedition of Dwernicki, are entirely quelled. As for Samogitia, matters cannot be settled at once, as the country is so ex tensive ; but as soon as the small number of the insti gators of the tr'.ub!es is removed, will be quiet tJredtso. _• The great mass of the people join the inst.rration ettb by compulsion, or, at least, lukewarmness. „ „„„ The property to be confiscated at Samogitia will he added to the fund of the invalids ; in the other provinces it will be chiefly applied to the founding or endowing of the poor Greek churches in Poland. It is well known that the whole population south of Polozk, Minsk, and Brresc-Litewski, profess the Greek religion, and only the Nobility are Catholics. SCHWERIN, JUNE I.—A very severe grand Ducal Ordnance was issued on the 29th April, against such as join in illegal associations among the students in the Uni versity of Rostock. HAMBURG, JUNE 2.—On the 20th instant, two batta lions of troops of the line, of the principality of Leppe, marched from Dettnold, to reinforce the garrison of Luxembou , g. The Grand Duke of Oldenburg passed through Bremen yesterday, on his return to his dominions. Extract of a letter from Hamburg to the Agent at Lloyd's, dated June 3 : " A vessel arrived yesterday at Lubeck from Riga, which she left on tl e 27th ult. and Boldera on the 29th. The cholera morbus had shewn itself there six days previously, and sixteen of the lower classes had died of it. The Foreign Consul had, for two days previous to the vessel's departure, refused to grant bills of health. The intelligence had been communicated to St. Petersburgh, and every precaution adopted by the Magistrates of Rigs , to prevent the spread of this disorder. The vessel had been put under strict quarantine, ar.d the passengers (seventeen in number) who had landed, were sent on b .ard again, but they and the crew were in perfect health." THE FUNDS.—(THIS DAY.) CITY, TWELVE O'CLOCK. We have very few arrivals this morning. Charlestone Papers to the .2.1411 April have been received at the North and South American Coffee-house. FROM LIMA. The ship Florida had arrived at New York, having left Callao Jan. 13. The tri-coloured flag was hoisted on board the French brig of war Nisus and corvette Durance, and was saluted by all the men-of-war in port. The Peruvian Congress bad not yet been able to form a quorum. FROM BUENOS GYRES. The Buenos Ayres Papers to the 6th Feb. state that hostilities between those provinces and the nine provinces of the interior had actually begun. A despatch from Col. Debou, to the Supreme Military Chief of the Interior Pro vinces, states that the troops under his command had dis persed a Buenos Ayres division of 500 men. Since our last news the interior warlike preparations have been going forward with increased activity. In a short time our brethren in the interior will receive the reinforcements which they had a right to ex pect from us, and we sha!l be able very soon to cotn municate news of importance. hitherto the interior pro vinces have entrusted the management of their foreign re• lotions to the Government of Buenos Ayres. Custom-house, Philadelphia, April 11. " Sto,—The Secretary of the Treasury has referred to n to e anyu ° foreign p may iur ovnal by ft which t a i t t le ig y- d G ec e i n d e e, r i a l t , h a u t ti with foreignth e Pre dent's be exported, for th e benefit of the drawback, port or place s it ua t e d to t h e westwar d or mer chandiseia aPp southward of Louisiana, although such port or pl ace • being the dominions of a foreign State, immediately ad joining the United States. " JAS. ANDERSON, Comptroller." TILE FUNDS. ,nslt, R gaih, :e ietcbs w hesutt e rbi vrg e roe l l ela te d : t p: e i.esy d oeyip, o setl n eete rxt} t d) l ooy ie ryce tos v ahsente lc 4 : Bß. o: un : s o ta f hne t s he at P lyr : e l a e do s yr ! dreadfulttr.t°l: -day a;dat o e Yesftl s enel o aro ; s tig n i , at ohl dYfiter has taken place on both sides, but the eft for the Ac count, opened at 81I ; k, with little doing at present. HALF-PAST ONE. By the last accounts from Lima, in the American Papers received this morning, we find that the relations between Peru and Bolivia were still favourable to peace. We have no further information to expect this day from the theatre of war in Poland, the Hamburg steamer having art ived ; consequently it will be three or four days before we receive fresh intelligence from that quarter. In the mean time the mind of the public will be greatly ex cited to learn the future Operations of the Russians, and their successes will entirely depend on their keeping open their communications with Russia, so as to receive their supplies of provisions and reinforcements. The insurgents of Lithuania must do their duty, or Warsaw will fall a sacrifice The fluctuation of Consols this morning has been front 81. E down to 8I ; for the Account no speculations of im portance have occurred. In the Foreign Market Brazil is lower, and tie other Foreign Stocks are heavy. THREE O'CLOCK • Consols, 84. Prince LEOPOLD was elected on Saturday by a majori'y of 152 out of 196. The intelligence was communicated yesterday to his Royal Highness, and a Deputation to him frcm the Congress is expected to arrive this evening. A well-known wit has been heard to declare Ora nothing will convince him that, if the Niger empties its' If into the ocean, it can be any where but into the Black Sea. It is related of the celebrated Dr. DONNE that a few days before his death he consented to be stripped and dressed in his grave clothes, and stood on au urn carved in wood to have his likeness taken for hi., monument, which, after his death, was executed accordingly. The butchers have thought proper again to raise the price of meat. " This is really too bad." THE TuttF.---Some of the sufferers at the late races have found out, th,iugh alas ! too late, the truth of the representations as tar the fraudulent tran•actione of jockeys and their titled employers, made by a well.known sporting Baronet in his recently published novel under the above name. How happy for some of the losers had they been less incredulous as to the remarkable disclosures made in the pages of the story. " Speak ye who best can tell." PROVIDENTIAL ESCA PE. — Yesterday after 'icon an accident took place on the river, near Fresh Wharf, which had nearly proved fatal to four persons. The Witham the Fourth, Margate steamer, on nearing the wharf made a dead stop for a few seconds, and then, at a slow pace, she began to move again, when a Water man with his wherry, in which was a man and two females, inciutiously pulled the head of his boat under the paddles, by which the whole parry were ups-t into the water t Several boatmen who saw the accident put out immediately to the assistance of the sufferers, and succee,ted in rescuing the whole from a watery grave. The females, as might be expected, were nearly killed by the fright ; they were, however, carried into a neighbouring public-house, where they were properly attended to, and subsequently were enabled to proceed to their homes. It was said to be entirely the limit of the waterinan, as the steamer was proceeding a t a very slow pace when the accident occurred. I DAY AT ONI O'CLOCK. PRICES OF STOCKS THIS Bank Stock 3 per Cent. Red 8376!4 3 per Cent. Cons. 3!(, per Cent. Ditto Red 9014 19064 New 3V 2 per Cent shut 3 per Cent Ann. 1726 - 4 per Cent. lb , r 1 99 M IS 9 Bank Long Ann to expire Jan 5, 1860...... 17 16 15-16 Oct. 10, 1869 Jan. 5, Ism l7 5-16 Jan. 5, 1880 - April 5, 1680 - Jan. 5, 1470 New 5 per Cent. India Stock Ditto Bonds South Sea Stock Old Annuities New Ditto 3 per Cent. Ann. 1751 . - Ex Bills, £1,000...18 1:2 10 pro Ditto ...........5(T'...18 12 10 pm Ditto Small Ditto Commercial Ditto Advertised Bank for Account - !India for Account 204 i Cons. for July 20 849 jj4 4 1-,.; PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAT AT ONE O'CLOCK. Austrian Bonds — Neapolitan — Brazilian Bonds 6254% 2 Peruvian Bonds Buenos Ayres Bonds — Portuguese Bonds Chilian Bonds — Prussian, Old Colombian Bonds — Ditto, New Ditto, 1824 Danish Circe': Bond F ••••••••••. :W,..3 — Ditto, 1825 Guatimala — Exchange ...... —t —c. 4exican Bonds — 3 per cent. iiitto, 1823 39..7.i - Exchange 25`.30c. PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Paid. Per Share. Brazilian Imp. Min. Co. (ifs. at 5/. pm.) £2O Ditto National l5 English Mining Company l2l Guardian Assurance Co 2O Protector Insurance Comp. 19 2J 96 £1 S 6 PRICES OF IRISH STOCKS, DUBLIN, JUNE 3. Bank Stock Consols, 3 ner cent. Gov. Stock, 3y,', per cent. fio% l National Ditto Ditto, New 1 per Cent — ' Hibernian Bank 0 0Ti Gov. Deb. 3rj percent.. 87N 'Provincial Ditto — Royal Canal StocK Grand Canal Stock — Imperial Mine City Deb. 4 per cent Ballast Ottice Deb. 4p. c. —'Commercial Buildings — FOREIGN EXCHANGES ON LONDON. CHRISTIANIA, MAY 25 —Three months, 5. 118. ST. PE CERSBURCI//, MAY 20.-10. 47-33. BERLIN, MAT 31.—Three months, C. 1974. BREMEN, MAT 1...TW0 months, GOO. NATIONAL MONUMENT TO THE KING. GENERAL SUBSCRIPTION for ERECTING a GRAND NATIONAL MONU MENT, as a tribute of respect and esteem to his most Gracious Maj , sty KING WILLIAM the FOURTH, for his Patriotic Conduct in defending the Rights and Liber ties of his People ; under the Patronage of the Right Honourable the LORD MAYOR. At a MEETING of the DELEGATES of the TRADES and BENEFIT INSTITUTIONS of the METROPOLIS, held on the 28th instant, in celebration of his Majesty's Birthday, the following Resolutions were carried una nimously :- Ist. Resolved, That a General Subscription for erecting a Triumphal Arch, or other emblematical design, as a tribute of respect from a loyal people to their beloved, most gracious, and patriotic Sovereign, King William the Fourth, for his heroic defence of their Rights and Liberties, be im mediately carried into effect. 2d. Resolved, That a Committee be immedi itely formed for carrying this great and important cbjeet into effec., and that no person be eligii.le to be of this Committee hut masters and operatives of the various Societies of Trades and Benefit Institutions, and that two Delegates from each Society are virtually by their office members of this Com mittee. 3d. Resolved, That the present meeting form a Corn mittee for furthering the object of the first Resolution. 4th. Resolved, That a Committee of Management, con sisting of five gentlemen from the present Meeting, be im mediate!), chosen, in order to catry into effect the Resolu tions of this Meeting, and for the furthering of the object by such steps as may appear necessary, as well as for call ing a General Meeting of Delegates from all Societies on an early day. By order of the Committee of Management, G. MACHIN, Chairman. The Committee of Management are in attendance daily at the Old London Tavern, Bishopsgate-street, where subscriptions and communications will be cheerfully re ceived and duly acknowledged. Subscriptions will also be received at the following B inking-houses :—Sir W. Kay, 13 trt. and Co. ; Messrs. Esdailes and Co. ; and Messrs. Grote, Prescot, and Co. ; and, in order to accommodate the humblest of his Majesty's loyal subjects, so that all classes may participate by con tributing to this patriotic undertaking, books will be opened at all the principal Taverns, and at the hou.es of re spectable Licensed Victuallers throughout the kingdom. Committee-room, London Tavern. June 1, 1431. ANATOMY of TAXATION, showing the exact Produce and true bearing of every Tax levied in Great Britain ; and how many Taxes might be repealed and modified with safety to the Revenue, and advantage to the various classes of Consumers, Producers, and Capitalists. To be Published in the SPECTATOR, for the Week ending 11th Jun., 1831. Office, 4, Wellington-street, Strand.