The Sun. — London, England, 1854-08-22 00:00:00

14 riRE SUN" ON SMOKE PREVENTION. I —" Thera really.ought not to beeny.eTcuso for the entire riddance of the smoke nuisance ; oar own experience satisfying ns that the system of smoke prevention and economy of fuel, invented and carriel out by Mr. Lee Stevens, is as effective as it is simple. Until we had it applied to our own steam-engine furnace, we could form no idea of the ease and certainty of its operations, without any moveable parts, and at such very moderate expense."—Sun. Copies of OFFICIAL AND OTHER REPORTS, and of Testimo nials in favour of the Invention, as applied to STEAM BOILERS; BREWERY COPPERS; STILLS; CHEMISTS, DYERS, and "ONFECTIONERS' PANS; COAL OVENS, &c, with information Allplocting licenses to manufacture or use the Patent Smokeless Fur ,given by Mr. JOHN LEE STEVENS, the Patentee, at ttft No. 1, FISH-STREET-HILL, CITY, LONDON- BREWERY, COPPER, AND OTHER FURNACES. "The Brewery, Lichfield, 9 th August, 1854. "Delia Sir,—We are glad to say that your apparatus quite bears tthe assurance you gave us that it would answ er oar purpose. " The doubt we had as to its adaptation to furnaces with defective ugh tis entirely removed. Our liquor copper now boils qutte as .eon as the wort copper, and with both there is a diminution in the consumption of fuel. "The experiment we witnessed at 'Messrs. C FIARINGTON, BEAD, and CO.'S, as to smoke prevention, we I bought at the time perfectly suecessrul and this impression we are happy to confirm from actual I p x ence ri. "t will give us pleasure to reply to inquiries that may be made by aliY Brewery Firms at Burton-on -Trent, bat should suggest that it may probably be more satisfactory to those gentlemen to Judge for themselves by seeing the furnaces at work, and this they can de at any time. We remain, dear sir, " Yours, very truly, " JOHN AND Auramt, GRIFFITH. "J. Lee Stevens, Est" Copies of official and other reports, and of testimonials in favour of the invention, as app/ied to steam Boners, Brewery Coppers, itills, Chemists', Dyers', and Confectioners' Pena Coal Ovens, &c., with information respecting Licences to manufacture or use this well-established system of smoke Prevention and Economy of Fuel continues to be given by Mr. JOHN LEE STEVENS, the Patentee, at the Offices, No. 1, Fish-street-hill, City, London. THEITRE ROYAL HAYMARKET. Under the management of Mr. Rackstone. TIII3 EVENING, Anotisr 22, V/111 be performed THE OLD CHATEAU. Characters by Messrs. Powe. Rogers, El. Marston, and Backstone; Mrs. Fitzwilliam, and Miss Reynolds. - - Followed by the SPANISH DANCERS in a NEW BALLET THE GIPSY QUEEN. The new Farce AS LIKE AS TWO PEAS. LYCEIT32 THEATRE. SIM 3 REEVES' LAST APPEARANCE THIS SEASON. Mr. ALLCROFT begs to announce that Mr. and Mr . . SIMS REEVES will make their Last Appearance TO-MORKOW EVEN ING (WEDNESDAY), when, on account of its great ruccess. will be presented Bal e's popular OheKa of THE BOHEMIA N GIRL. Ar Me, Mrs. Sims R eeve s ; Thaddeus, Mr. Sims Reeves. - - he performances to conclude with the Grand Ballet entitled LES PAYSANNES DU NOI.D, supported by Mdlle. D'Ant)ine, assisted by MdLles E. Horn, Martn, Bufiton, Marie, Charles, and au 6fil- Cent Corps de Ballet. Boxes, 5s ; Pit, 2s. 6d.; Gallery, 7s. Private Boxes, 215., to be Dad at the Box-office. STRAND THEATRE. Sde Lessee Mr. F. W. Aileron. THIS EVENING, ArocrsT 22, Will be performed HARD TIMES. Followed by FAUST AND MARGUERITE. Mephistopheles, Mr. Raiford; Faust, Miss G. Hodson; Marguerite, Miss if. Gordon. To conclude with a popular FARCE. Stalls, 4s. ; Boxes, 2s. 6d. ; Pit, Is. ; Gallery, 6d. ; Private Boxes LI is. to be had of Mr. Aileron. 15, New Bond-street. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN 3. " This place fills up an hiatus which the Crystal Palace leaves wanting. Vocal and instrumental music of the first order, and a display of fireworks which exceeds all imagination, are a fitting close to a day at the Crystal Palace." DANSON'S COLOSSAL PANORAMA of CHUSAN. Splendid furl Extensive Menagerie and Marine Aquarium—Unri valled Military Band. VOCAL and INSTRUMENTAL CONCERT, In which Miss Poole, Miss Ransford, and Mr. Manvers sing several National and Patriotic Songs—All the Amusing Novelties of the Gardens in succession, concluding with the " Feast of Lan terns," and a moot magnificent display of Fireworks by Southby. Admission One Shilling. A splendid Pavilion for Dancing has been erected. Full Quadrille Band, &c. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPIIITEIRAT it Lessee and Manager, Mr. William Coolie. In preparation, with entirely new scenery, and every necessary requisite, a Grand EQUE; , TRIAN BURLKSQUE, from the pen of a popular author. Every pains has ben taken, and the most profuse expense has been 'avished, to render this magnificent Spectacle worthy of the approbation of the public! THIS EVENING, For a few nights more, the War Spectacle, THE COSSACKS; or, Tive la France. After which, the inimitable SCENES in the ARENA, invented arranged. and directed by Mr. William Cooke. HERR CHRESTOFF, whose miraculous Feats on the Tight Rope have absolutely electrified the audience, will appear. The whole to conclude with the Equestrian Ballet d'Actlon, by Mrs 8. G. Healey, THE KNIGHT' AND THE W.A. LER LILY; or, Love among the Mermaids. Boa•ottice open from Eleven till Fonr. Stage Manager, Mr. W West. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tina Day —Horning 12 min.after 1 I Evening 34 min.aft e 1 1041022.0w—Morning 53 nun.after 1 Evening 11 min.aft. 2 THE WEATHER.—sue Chum, Aue. 22. THZILMOMITZTI, THE SHADS. 70—highest since noon yesterday. 54—lowest'this morning sad during the night. 67—this day at noon. Beatomierriot, 29.98. WIND, W. to W.N.W.—Variable--fine stuishiny wea ther, with heavy passing clouds. Avoit -7:Tlft 11310 (,); c_. LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 22, 1854. "Ditto' to Mr. BURILE"—may be accepted as the phrase exactly symbolical of the war policy of England as associated with that of the French Imperial Government. It was on Monday even ing, the 14th of August, that we directed atten tion to the despatches exchanged between the French Minister for Foreign Affairs, M. DEO= DE L'HuYs, and the Baron DE BOIIRQIIENEY—ea- plaining in the clearest terms the conditions upon which the Western Powers could alone consent to a general pacification. It is on Tuesday evening, the 22d of August, that we are enabled to refer to the diplomatic correspondence between the British Minister for Foreign Affairs and the Earl of WESTMORELAND-repeating the same story over again in pretty nearly the same terms, allowing for slight idiomatic differences of expression. It has been thus throughout. ' As we observed yes terday se'ennight, again " France has been just one step in advance as compared with England, the French Government has . again, as so often before in this matter, just by one important move anticipated the English Government." Upwards of a year ago, it was exactly the same. For example, it was on the 10th of June, 1853, that the Moniteur formally and offi cially announced to Europe that orders had been sent to the English and French fleets to approach the Dardanelles ! And it was only on the 13th of June, 1853, that this start ling intimation led to some very natural interpella tion in both Houses of the British Parliament. We might illustrate the justice of our complaint by reference to every subsequent occurrence in the development of the quarrel, first between Russia and Turkey, and afterwards between the AvrocßlT and the SULTAN' supported by France and. England. , It will be enough for our present purpose, however, to place thus side by side the events of June, 1853, and those of Aucrust 1854, as sufficient indications of the tardin ' e t s ' s;of the English, as contrasted with the promplztituh e of the e has. fact of French, Government. Particularly obser ver this glaring and disheartenino, contrastc - noted time after time by every intelligent ver in inthe entire population. Here, therefore, again, 1854 --precisely as it again, August, June, 1853—we find the French Governmentina step in advance—just one st e p, b e f ore the English Government. D RO UYN DE L'HUYS, in the despat c h pnb lished more than a week ago ifi the Monit eur' defined the conditions essential to the restora tion of peace between the CZAR and the Wes tern Allies of Turkey—exactly as we now learn that Lord CLARENDON has defined them in th e despatch laid before Parliament on the last day of the session, but only delivered within the last few hours to the now scattered Members of the Legislature. Swallowing our chagrin as well as we can, at this new and wholly unnecessary illustration of the systematic delays, and procras tination, to which our rulers in the matter of the War .would appear to have now deliberately ac customed them se l ves — an d turning with the best grace possible t diplomatic to their latest addition to th e documents accumulated during the course of this protracted, and seemingly endless ~,....poiluence--Nve &rid that the alliance between Prance and England is in no way hollow, but that the Foreign Minister of each, though employing one the French, the other the Zuglish tongue, apeake Tit3,Bl7N, LONDON, TUESDAY NVENING, AUGIUSVTM 1134, 4( not,?" But the Doncaster masons know well the hoirnei,y old proverb, that " What's sauce for the goose sauce for the gander ;" and surely the "rubble wailers " may as reasonably ask, " If 'we can sE.II the masters' skill sufficient for their work, and at a price they are willing to pay, and we to take, who ought to hinder us ? Why should not our skill find its market value ? If, as you s ay, it will cheapen work, the masters and the public have as much right to the cheapest work as you have to the cheapest bread." There is ne refutation of this reasoning. Trade coin binat ions are as manifestly social tyranny as corn laws were legislative tyranny. If a man, or a body of men, refuse to work more than a certain numb er of hours for a certain amount of pay, — that resolves itself, of course, into the simple question of how much one shall give and the other get for his money ; though it is seldom set tled by strikes without oppression of workmen by their fellow-workmen. But the other demand, and the greater one, strikes at the root of all freedom of trade. No demand more foolish than this was made at Preston. We trust the masters will not concede it, and that the men will conde scend to see its unreasonableness and inconsis tency. Landlords shrunk at last from the odium cf tyrannising over other classes ; we hope the time is at hand when workmen will be yet more ashamed of odious Union laws against their own i class. The greatest and, of all men, the most formi dable among the individual ass•iilants of the Aus trian Empire—M. Lours KOSSUTH, some time Liberator of the Magyars and Dictator of Hun gary—has again, from his honourable exile in this country, directed his flaming thunderbolts of in vective against the Vienna Government. The words of KOSSUTH do not pass idly by, as the wind. He is no stump-orator. Hods great among the greatest patriots, as he is illustrious among the most distinguished orators of our generation. What he says will be remembered. His speeches, not less than his deeds, will live in history. For he speaks with the authority of a master-mind of the age—no matter whether his orations are delivered from the bosom of a nation in arms, at the height and plenitude of power—or from the comparative obscurity and privacy of his remote insular scene of banishment. A complete and splendid justification of what we have here remarked (not by any means for the first time) will be found in the noteable harangue given in another part of the impression of our journal of this evening. It will there be observed that M. KossuTH en forced on the 21st of August, at Hanley, the bold argument which he took occasion to unfold on the 12th of June, at Nottingham. During the two months which have intervened between the time of those orations, events have transpired which have tended to corroborate at Hanley what the illustrious exile declared plainly and explicitly enough at Nottingham. In reference, that is to say, to the perverse duplicity and systematic per fidy of the Austrian Government. As elucidatory of the evil policy of the Cabinet of Vienna from first to last, as the secret ally of Rus sia and as the vast clog upon the Western Powers, embarrassing every movement of the allied French and English Governments—the oration delivered yesterday by M. KOSSUTH, at the Hanley Potteries, commands the especial regard of the really thinking portion of the Eng lish multitude. GUN-BOATS. HOW TO SUBDUE SAWKE. In our examination of the class of anti-smoke contrivances requiring occasional motion to be given to them, we give precedence to Prideaux', more because of the pretentious character it has assumed than for any practical reason. This in vention constitutes the panel and occupies the chief portion of the furnace door. It is formed internally of three series of thin plates of iron, placed vertically, with fixed and narrow air spaces between the plates, and with wider spaces between the respective series, the whole protruding several inches into the furnace. Externally it is made of moveable horizontal plates, set like the laths of a Venetian blind. The stoker, when he shuts the door after supplying the furnace with coals, opens these valves by raising a lever. They are then gradually closed by an ingenious regulating appa ratus connected therewith. The intended effect is the admission of heated air in the exact proportion required by the process of combustion ; but, the furnace having been already charged with air, and the valves at once opened to their ftillest extent, whilst the combustion of the newly-added fuel is necessarily at its lowest point, it is apparent that there must be an excess of oxygen admitted to the fire when the carbonaceous gases require it the least, and, from the gradual closing of the valves, a proportionately decreased supply of it just when it becomes most wanted. It also ap pears evident to us, that to heat the air effectually by such a process, the inner plates being described as " red hot," must be to render the apparatus very liable to destruction. And equally clear it is that the temperature of the air admitted must vary very considerably ; and that the heat only increasing as the supply of air diminishes, must be at the lowest point when the largest quantity enters ; or, if the inventor's theory be correct, precisely when the intensity of heat im parted to, the air ought to be the greatest. Now, although the experiment at Portsmouth dock yard was said to be conclusive in its favour, we have seen no official report to that effect ; in deed, we are told that it remained a very short time in operation at that establishment. At the Panopticon, however, it has been in use for many months ; but, often as we have seen it there, it has never been with any other than Welch coals, a description which, with the exception of anthra• cite, produces the least smoke, and, for the pre sent at least, is supposed to be available in ordi , nary furnaces without violating the laws for the suppression of smoke ? On the other hand, at Goding and Co.'s brewery, used with bitu minous coals, the invention has not given such satisfaction as to induce its retention. Nevertheless it has had, and we dare say will still have, its advocates and patrons. The next we shall consider, that of Bristow and Attwood, is distinguished from most, if not all, of its competitors by combining the operations of smoke producing and smoke-consuming, by absolutely manufacturing smoke in one furnace, and burn ing it (as well as it can be burnt) in another ! Hence two furnaces, of like power and size, placed in juxtaposition with each other, are re quired to produce the effect designed. These furnaces are alternately fed with fuel ; and, by a peculiar system of connecting flues and dampers, the passage of smoke into the boiler tube or flue beyond the fire-place, and not less so the passage of heat, is shut off from the furnace into which the coals are thrown, and the smoke allowed to pass into the other furnace, at the front, and from thence over the bright and incandescent fire therein, so as to be materially decomposed. As a matter of course, during such operation, the direct action of one furnace is suspended ; and the fire in the other is, at the same film., employed in destroying what no.:, merely does not afford a particle of ad ditional heat, by increased combustion, but posi tively diverts from its proper function part of the pre-existing heat, which is thus absorbed in a destructive and not a producing process. Nor is this all ; for the carbonic acid gas curled into the bright-fire furnace with the smoke from the other, must act as a chemical damper of that fire in no inconsiderable degree. We can not, therefore, feel surprised that the proprie tors of the City Flour Mills, who, having wearied of the use of Juckes's furnaces, and superseded them with those of Bristow and Attwood (then, and, we assume remaining, in their employment respectively as mill-manager and engineer), have at length come to the determination to give up the use of the latter also. Yet the large outlay thus incurred by White, Ponsford, and Co. will not have been uselessly made, if the lesson be in structively applied by others ; and if, in prefer ence to adopting some simple mode of smoke pre vention, as a last resource, they should for awhile resort to the ordinary construction of furnace, and adopt Welch coal as the medium of combustion, no one can reasonably blame them for being actuated by what, under these very peculiar circumstances, may not be inappro priately defined as the prudence of discourage ment. In fairness we should add, that, where steam production or economy of fuel may be of secondary consideration, and where two or more boilers can be conveniently connected and worked together, concurrently with cautious attention in the opening and closin g o f th e d ampers an d d oors to avoid risk in the operation, Bristow and At wood's invention should be held to conform with the legal requirements as regards sub duing the smoke nuisance, and in which, at all events, it has our preference over the Prideaux furnace door. Chanter's move able fire-bars, although not strictly speaking smoke-preventive in their application, are extensively used with and without appliances subduing smoke ; i n th e f ormer manner suc cessfully so with the Lee 'Stevens's apparatus, adopted by us with nothing more than the com mon fixed fire-bars. Motion is given to Chanter's bars by hand-levers, working which the stoker is enabled to rouse up the fire without exposing himself to the int.ense heat consequent upon his performing that operation • with the furnace-door open. These three contrivances of the intermit tingly moveable class have hitherto attracted most attention, on which account, as well as be cause of their dissimilarity of action, we have be stowed upon them more consideration than our space will afford to others of the same kind ; of which last referred to we may mention Whirty's, Carter's, and Galloway's, each depending more or less on arrangements of valves or dampers, the merits of which have yet to undergo the ordeal of great experience, and which we may very probably discuss at a future opportunity. We shall previously, and in continuation of these notices, describe the class of furnaces that, containing n o moveable parts whatever, are naturally the easiest of construction. LATEST NEWS. THE WAR. RECONNAISSANCE OF THE DOBRUD SCHA—RAVAGES AMONG THE TROOPS BY CHOLERA. The following is from the letter of the special correspondent of a contemporary : VARNA, Aug. 9.—On Sunday morning, the 6th of this month, 5,000 or 6,000 men of the Zouaves and Light Division returned from Kustendje, in Dobrudscha, to Varna, by sea, and on the same day the great mass of the French expedition, which had come by land, encamped in the neighbourhood of the town. They had been absent on their re connaissance exactly 12 days. and perhaps in the annals of modern warfare it would be impossible to name another expedition of the kind in which sickness had committed such ravages in so short a space of time. It is no exaggeration to say that cholera and typhus literally decimated them. Of the whole force of 33,000 men, they have lost, including Bashi-Bazouks, upwards of 4,000 in the space of 12 days. Those who came by sea were principally the in valids, and men too delicate to bear the fatigues of marching back. The former alone numbered up wards of 800. I went down to see them disembark, and Pthought I never saw troops in a worse condi tion ; they were the ghosts of their former selves —sun-burnt and haggard, fatigued and dispirited; and even the most hardy and robust spoke of the climate and malaria which existed in the Dobrud scha as being such as would destroy Europeans. As your readers will see, the Russians appear to have lost, in their five or six months' occupation of this country, upwards of 40,000 men. After the troops had landed the sick were got ashore. There was an awful train of them, and arobas and am bulances full were passing and repassing to the French hospital during the whole day. Most of these were cases of typhus and dysentery. Many were landed dead, and many died upon their arri val at the hospital.' On the same evening, I am informed, 130 were buried. During the time the expedition was absent it tra versed the greater part of the Dobrudscha, from south to north, without meeting scarcely a human being. The whole country, which the French say seems remarkably fertile, is as desolate as Sahara. Most of the villages were deserted, and to all ap pearance had been so for some time. Iu most in stances no attempts had been made to sow the land, and the few crops which they found were standing and choked with weeds. About 10,000 of the French remained a little to the north of Ha.dschlogli-Basar, while the main body pushed forward for Karasu and Kustendje, with the Bashi- Bazouks, Chasseurs d'Afrique, and light infantry in advance. The army was decidedly sickly when it commenced its march, and cholera and typhus had manifested themselves, though not very ex tensively until the second and third day of the advance, when an alarming number were attacked by both diseases. From that time until their re turn on Sunday the sickness spread, and literally ravaged the camp ; of the French nearly 1700 died in about eight days, and almost as large a number were sick, and rendered for the time unfit for duty. But the loss which fell on our brave allies was nothing to that which visited the Bashi-Bazouks, under the command of General Yusuf. Everything about these unfortunate wretches predisposed them towards taking the diseases in their worst forms. Their dirty habits, and fashion of sleeping. uncovered in the open, damp night air, induced fever ; their irregular meals, composed almost entirely of fruit and vegetables, brought on cholera • and the mor tality from both causes was doubled, owing to their peculiar belief in fatalism, which led them in most cases to refuse all offers of medical assistance. Typhus and cholera, therefore, raged in their racks unchecked, and literally destroyed them. Your readers will scarcely credit it, but it is a po sitive fact, that of the 2,6oo•Bashi-Bazouks who started with the French, upwards of two thousand perished within ten days. Ido not suppose there ever was an instance of such a rate of mortality occurring among such a number of men in the same space of time. The ,French have now no Bashi-Bazouks, for of the 200 or 300 which have returned, nearly all are invalids or wounded. Notwithstandine , the sickness which desolated their ranks, the French gallantry continued their march, and arrived in the neighbourhood of Kus tenje about the Ist of August. There, for the first time, they fell in with the enemy, who, having got notice of their approach, were falling back, driving before them an immense flock of sheep and oxen, and having previously destroyed all the standing crops round the town. Only the left flank of the advanced French guard came up with the Rus sians, who numbered about 8,000 infantry, four re giments of Cossacks, and two regiments of regular cavalry. Against this superior force the Chasseurs d'Afrique and Zouaves instantly made a dash, and a slight skirmish ensued ; the enemy all the while continuing their retreat under cover of their cavalry, with such precipitation as might be justly termed a flight. The Chasseurs d'Afrique over took the Cossacks and broke their ranks at the first onset, killing and wounding about 60, and making a small number prisoners. The whole of the enemy's cavalry then took to flight, leaving a large portion of their cattle in the hands of the French, who only sustained a loss of three men killed and 18 wounded. The French encamped round Kustendje, while the Russians fell back with all haste upon Hirsova, where it is said they crossed the Danube, thusfree ing the Dobrudscha of their presence for this year, at least. There were very few inhabitants remaining • in Kustendje ; the town, in fact, was deserted. The country round it was ,covered with a number of high earth mounds, which the villagers, in reply to questions from the French, said were the places where the Russians had interred their dead. From the size of these mounds they appear to cover pits containing 100 bodies, and there are scores and scores of such melancholy memorials in all direction. If what the inhabitants say be true, and as it is confirmed from other sources there is no reason to doubt it, the Russians have lost at the lowest com putation 40,000 men since they first occupied the Dobrudscha. The principal cause of the awful mortality was typhus, though latterly the cholera committed extensive ravages. The French remained at Kustendje until infor mation had been received that the enemy had crossed the Danube, when, as the mortality in their ranks was increasing, they commenced their march for this place and arrived, as I have said, by sea and land, on Sunday and Monday morning. The officers say that during the whole time they were absent they found it impossible to procure anything but their rations. It was rarely that they saw villagers, and when they did they had nothing to sell, being scarcely able to procure food for them selves, which they earned by working for the Russians. The Dobrudscha was at all times the most unhealthy and least civilised part of Turkey, yet it is no exaggeration to say that the Russian occupation of six months him thrown it back half a century. Whatever has become of the inhabitants —whether they have retired with the Russians, or been extirpated by them—Heaven only knows ; one thing, however, is certain, they no longer exist in the country. The few who remained when the French came up say, truly or untruly, that the Russians oppressed them with taskwork of the most laborious kinds, and that the Cossacks ravaged all the villages with a ferocity and relentlessness which at lengtridesolated the place. Yet these atrocities, the accounts of which I fear are but too true oc curred within four days' march of an allied army .over 100,000 strong, which could not only have prevented them, but inflicted fearful punishment on the invaders, if " Aberdeen had made up his mind," and given us permission. THE BLACK SEA. We make the following extraxts from a private letter, giving another account of the roconnaisance of Sebastopol by the Fury . " Her Majesty's steamer Fury, off Sebastopol, July 27.—0 u the 25th July her Majesty's steamer Fury was honoured by receiving on board Gen. Sir George Brown, Rear Admiral Sir E. Lyons, Colonel Lake of the Royal Artillery, and the French general second in command (who, by the way, I under stand from good authority, has made his way to his present grade from thgoranks, and their respective aides-de-camp, 13 in number. Off the Fury goes at full speed for the harbour of Sebastopol ; following in her wake was the Terrible, paddle frigate, and a French steamer. After running for four hours she eased her speed and groped her way, as it was a very dark night. About 3.45, on the morning of the 2Gth, we observed our approach was known by the enemy from seeing the flashes of muskets for five or six miles along the coast, at spaces of about 400 yards distant. Large fires were immediately made in the background, and all on shore was commotion. At 5 a.m. we were within two miles and a half of the forts at the entrance of the harbour, where we remained some few minutes surveying the movements of the fleet. On a level with the outside of the forts were two liners, two steamers, and a frigate, which in ten minutes had their sails loosed, and ran a long way inside, to the no smalldisappointment of all on board. We counted 29 large ships ; but some of their hulls were not to be seen, as they were laid up the different creeks. We now gradually neared to within leas than a mile of-a good-sized battery. The engineers on board were measuring distances by quadrant, &c. At 5.30 I was on the bridge, and I turned round to look at the fort, when at the moment I saw a shot com ing in a direct line for the ship, and said, Here's a shot coming.' No sooner had the words passed my lips, then bang it struck the ship about three inches below the water-line, and went through into the after-hold, having in its passage destroyed two large jars of butter, and sundry dozen of empty bottles belonging to the midship men. This was followed in a few seconds by an other. While I was walking to the other side of the bridge where the captain stood, another passed over my head in, a direct line, and they kept this up for ten minutes. We were hardly moving through the water at the time. We must have been quite riddled had all the shots that passed over us struck ; but it is supposed that they must have thought that their first shot, from having struck the water, was too low, and, consequently, elevatt,d their guns a little too high. There was not one that fell wide of us. The Terrible came up, and they fired at her, but she did not approach so near by about a mile as we did. One shot struck and carried away some part of her main rigging. Two shells burst the other side of us, but not near enough to touch us. The admiral would only allow us to return one shot, and that carried away one of the yard-arms of a ship in harbour. We fired this shot merely to show them that it was not for the want of being able to reach them that we did not fire. We moved on easily, keeping about the same distance from the land, taking observations as to the best place for landing troops, 47, - c., but did not encounter any more forts. There were women bathing not four miles from where they were firing at us—rather cool work, I fancy, on their parts. They did not attempt to move as we passed them. We saw encampments on each side of the town, and swarms of troops drawn up in order of battle. " The spot, I think, chosen for the disembarking of the troops is a valley called Ernptoria, about 20 miles to the north of Sebastopol. The military men and Admiral Lyons were quite delighted to find a place so well adapted for the ships to cover the troops while landing. "At 6.30 p.m. we again arrived abreast our old friend in arms the fort, which had given us such an unwelcome reception in the morning, and Ad miral Lyons intended giving them something for their pains at long range, but by this time Admiral Dundas, with the fleet, was within signal distance. Fury's recall was made, and we then ran alongside the Britannia, where all the staff left and went on board. A short time after the Agamemnon left the fleet for Varna, with the generals on board, to make arrangements for the immediate transport of the troops to Sebastopol. Such is, I believe, the programme. ‘rl suppose Admiral Dundas thought we had not done a good day's work, for about ten p.m. Fury was sent in again, and at eleven we found ourselves very near the mouth of the harbour, the fleet lying some distance in the offing. We lowered a cask full of tar and pitch overboard, after setting it on fire, firing a gun, burning a blue light, and firing a rocket, by way of keeping the enemy on the quz vive. Of course, there could be no particular ob ject in such manoeuvres ; no doubt they will be re peated often before our troops are disembarked, to baffle the enemy a little. I wonder they did not fire on us, as we were so near the two large forts at the entrance, and they would have hat such an excellent mark while the blue light and the rockets were burning. " We steered out and joined the fleet about three a.m. of this day. The shot we received measured 7 3 / 4 inches in diameter. The ship made a great quan tity of water till the hole was plugged up to-day. W have, i❑ company with the fleet, coasted as tar as• B ilaklava, a distance of 2J miles to the east, wherc Fury was sent in to take soundings at the mouth of a small valley, which turned out to be an excellent spot foi landing troops, and it is likely the marines from the floats will be landed as a sort of diversion t(.. attract the attention of the enemy, while the troop effect a landing at the point to the northward of the harbour. Tile marines will again embark. Such is the contemplated plan of attack at present. through Austria to Russia (to all intents and pur poses) identically the same language. It is here declared by England to Count Buon, through the medium of the Earl of WESTMORELAND —as it had already been announced to the same statesman by France, through the medium of the Baron DE BOURQUENEY—that peace can only be restored upon four imperatively requisite conditions. I. That the Russian Protectorate in the Prin cipalities of Ssrvia, Moldavia, and Wallachia be abolished—the privileges accorded to those prO vinces by the Sublime Porte being placed under the collective guarantee of the principal Powers in the European part of Christendom. 11. That the mouths of the Danube be opened henceforth freely to the whole world's navigation. 111. That the navigation of the Black Sea be also relieved from any further restriction—the treaty of the 13th of July, 1841, being entirely revised, and all diplomatic barriers being removed from the channels of the Bosphorus and the Dar. danelles. IV. That the AtrroonsT abandon all claim whatsoever to any right of interference between the Christian subjects of the Porte and the autho rity of the Ottoman Government. As we intimated when speaking of the condi tions of peace as laid down by the French Cabinet in the despatch of M. DROUYN DE L'HITYS, so we repeat in reference to the recapitulation of those same conditions by the English Cabinet in the despatch of Lord CLARENDON—they are excellent as far as they go ! But they ought to go very much further ! They ought not to be thus re stricted and narrowed in their application. They ought to include some reference not only to the emancipation of the Danubian Principalities, to the establishment of free navigation up the cur rent of that great river, to a similar provision as regards the waters of the Euxine, and to the extrication of the Christian subjects of the Porte from the encumbering aid of a Russian Pro tectorate ! Something in reason ought to have been said in allusion to the future of the Crimea, of Finland, of the Caucasus ! Surely, also, it might in reason have been expected that a whispered word of indemnity should have become audible through the medium of these simultaneous expla nations of the Allied French and English Govern ments. Briefly, the conditions of peace, as defined in the name of France and England (with a mut tered show of acquiescence on the part of Austria, and with a sullen withdrawal of any acquiescence at all, even in semblance, on the part of Prussia, as indicated by the obdurate silence of her Cabinet and SOVEREIGN), are " good" as far as they go : but they are altogether insufficient, we still insist, as securities for the restoration of permanent tran quillity to Christendom. While our workmen eat the bread of Free Trade, they are bound to let others eat it too. This, however, is a hard lesson for them, as well as for their betters, to learn. We are all Free Traders, till unrestricted competition makes free with our trade. Let that be touched, and it is wonderful how soon thousanis of manufacturers and tradesmen, who shouted themselves hoarse against agricultural monopoly, are unwilling to surrender their own. We heard a brewers' friend rejoicing the other day that the New Beer Act left the certificate of character for selling intoxicating liqiiors in the hands of the Magis trate. "We can put down," said he, " half the beer shops in the kingdom through that." For the same reason we hardly ever find maltsters, paper-makers, or other manufacturers subject to the excise, very earnest in obtaining a repeal of the duties on their manufactures ; they well know that the :securities required by Government, and, in producing a highly-taxed article, the capi tal necessary, give to a comparatively few the command of the whole trade ; they submit to incalculable annoyance in the details of their business, and to the underhand competition of the fraudulent evader of duties, rather than risk free competition with the general public. When we see facts like these in middle life, and remember how hard it was to lay the ghost of Protection in the last election and the present Parliament, we must never be surprised that uneducated work men are still but poorly instructed in the essen tials of Free Trade. They had, indeed, by its means marvellously cheap bread till last harvest, and they have had unlooked-for means of purchas ing dearer bread till the present harvest, and that too in spite of " the Rooshans ;" but they have yet to learn that Free Trade means that every ' workman should have unrestricted license to sell his labour, and every master full liberty to buy it. These remarks were suggested to us by the statement of the masons employed in building the new Parish Church at Doncaster, as to the causes of their strike. We prefer to take their own statement, as illustrating our view ; partly be cause we know of no reason to doubt its truth, and partly because, if it be unsound in principle, there is less reason to undertake the difficult task of arbitration between interested disputants. Their demands, to obtain which they think it advisable to strike, are three—" Ist, that men not belonging to the trade shall not do masons' work ; 2d, that they shall be allowed full time for their meals, and not have their names called in their own time ; and 3d, that they be allowed two hours a week—i.e., that they commence work :.t seven on Monday morning, and leave at four on Saturday afternoon." We pass over general considerations, sueh as the failure of the great strike at Preston, the increasing supply of work nen, the approach of the season when masons cannot work, and the certain loss to workmen by strike, a loss which they can bear so much less easily than their masters ; and would Invite their attention chiefly to the erro neous nature of their first and chief ground. It is plain that this is the sore point, since they state distinctly that they found it necessary to call a meeting to prevent "rubble wailers" encroaching upon their trade, and mas ters infringing upon their time. We would ask them what they mean by en croaching ou a trade ? Encroaching on a man's legal property or privileges we can understand, but we must believe that trade is legally and (with the exception of trades liable to Government regulations) in fact too, as free as the sea or the QUEEN'S highways. Since the most gigantic pro tection struck to the League, all those of less di mensions and stzength have been successively falling before our Legislators, till it now requires some minute knowledge of trade and commerce to dad a representative of the once numerous race. Our labourers then, who more than any class have benefited both directly and indirectly by the repeal of protective duties, ought to be the last to reverse what Legislation has so beneficentlydone for them. They have reaped the full benefit of giving every man' s s ki ll and industry unrestricted p l ay and of freeing them from all artificial restraints, and they ought new fett ers . If tsherile l ous y rubble t w o l a , void o r a id„ haveinventingskill sufficient to do a kindred branch of work, and if they can handle successfully the implements re quisite for masons' ties be denied exewrcoisrek:? whTyhsehoquuldesttihoneirisabniloit how a man came by his ability, but whether he has it. If he has, he has as good a right to dis pose of what he has in the open market as any other man. When some landlords, who were for compelling workmen to buy their English -grown bread exclusively, met at Tamworth, to feast in honour of the principle o f f or biddi ng the foreign grower to sell food to the English labourer, the labourers of Tamworth made a riot out of it, and gave them stones and broken windows for a di nner . We do not justify riots, yet we question whether the Doncaster masons would not say, and "serve them right too; why may not JONATHAN 011 e te ra ll o ll st s oe br r e ta ata iy ll s d h w oul e ci bu a y d i a t : i t f ll ;e o t w h e e n r t s i i de t eanwaitewr TO THE EDITOR OF THE MIES. Sir,—There appears to be a general misunderstanding respecting gun-boats for the Baltic. It is true that the natural defences of Denmark, Sweden, and the Gulf of Finland are gun-boats, which I will describe. They are generally about 50ft. long, with 9ft. beam, open boats, carrying an 18-pounder long gun at their bow and carronade - 32-pounder at their stern ; are moved either by sail or sweeps, which are long oars of 301 t. in length, and handled by two or three men ; each boat carries about 30 sweeps, and perhaps 40 men. I have seen 20 boats in battery in the Belt in shoal water in a dead calm, where there was no pos sibility of getting at them, except by the boats of the fleet taking them by boarding, which was done. Den mark has about 100 of these gunboats, Sweden about the same number, and Russia many more. They cannot stand a heavy sea, and always keep along shore under I the land, and come out only when required for attack. Now, our gun-boats will not have a single port to go to, must be with the fleet to be useful, and the Baltic has a short nasty "sea up" in bad weather; therefore the boats must be decked for safety, and a 68-pound gun requires substance under it—a strong vessel, in short, to carry it. The mistake people make is, they consider all the Baltic coast has shoal water; it is not so. The Belt has, it is true ; but among the rocks in Finland the water is deep. My friend who commands is quite aware of what he is about ; all this was arranged before he left Ports mouth. It would be impossible to use the same sort of gun-boats, as the Baltic water is, without one had har bours for them ; but, should we keep the Aland Islands, that is a different thing.—l am, sir, your obedient servant, BALTIC. Aug. 19. PRUSSIAN OBDURACY. At this point in the course of events it must in fair ness be remarked that the diplomatic proceedings of the British Government have been crowned with entire suc cess, except in one instance. Less than a year laas elapsed since Austria stood in close alliance and per sonal intimacy with Russia at (Mintz, her army re duced, her finances embarrassed, and her position in Europe undefined. To restore the ancient alliance of the Court of Vienna with those of England and of France was a work of no common difficulty, for that alliance had been shaken and impaired by a multitude of untoward events, and by a policy to which we might apply a harsher name. Never theless, the co-operation of Austria was the most ho portant condition of success, and that co-operation has mainly been obtained by the patience, the forbearance, and the uniform good faith and goodwill shown to her by the Western Powers. The .41oniteur of Sunday an nounces that on the 18th the first Austrian corps ha been ordered by telegraph to enter Wallachia by the Rothenthurrn Pass ; and on the preceding day Austria, had communicated to the Germanic Confederation the ' bases of peace for which she is orepared to contend, in conjunction with the Western Powers. The establish ment of this powerful alliance aeainst Russia, with such elements to deal with as the French Government on the on.) hand, and the Austrian Government on the other, is certainly one of the greatest achievements of the di plomacy of this country, and the Foreign Minister who has conducted this negotiation deserved the highest praise ; at the same time, he has been most ably sup ported by M. Drouyn de Lhuys and by Count Buol ; and the joint efforts of these Ministers have brought about a vast and salutary change in the public relations of Europe. But, if the expectations we have so long entertained and defended as to the ultimate policy of Austria are thus confirmed, 1-o also are the suspicions with which we habitually regard the conduct of the King of Prus sia and the Cabinet of Berlin. We learn from Lord Clarendon's despatch that it was Prussia who declined to attend the Conference which Count Buol proposed to summon for the purpose of com municating the answer of Russia to the last Austrian demands. In consequence of this refuusal, which was in fact, a withdrawal from the Conference, the further communications of the Three Powers were carried on in a confidential manner between London, Vienna, and Paris; and Prussia, as we stated at the time, dropped out of the position she had filled in the councils of Eu rope. When we say that the diplomacy of this country and its allies has been successful, except in one instance, we mean that it has failed to rouse in the he,rt of the King of Prussia one spark of honour or independence, and that the Prussian nation, which does not share the infatuated devotion of that Sovereign to Russian idols, has as yet given no sign of its ability or determination to shake off Russian thraldom. The appropriate penalty for this pusillanimous abandonment of the interests of Germany and of Europe will be found in the increased ascendancy which the Emperor of Austria had already acquired, and will probably retain, every part of Ger many where the intelligence and national feelings of that people are unsubdued. Should Prussia be induced to go still further, and to lend herself more openly to the designs of Russia, she will find that she has lost her honour without obtaining security, and, indeed, the pre parations she is making for the defence of the Baltic coast indicate the apprehensions already excited by the presence of the allied fleets within a few hours' sail of Stettin and Dantsic. At present, however, it is enough that she be passed over in silence ; that these important engagements have been contracted without her ; that, as the matter now stands, the Eastern question may be settled without her ; and that she is deprived of the power to betray the cause which she has refused to serve.—Times. Lieutenant Perry, whose trial before the Court-martial at Windsor is still pending, is a native of this town (Ronisey). His father rose from the ranks, and was made a paymaster. Perry had his commission given to him on account of his long services of his father. He was always considered a very worthy young fellow.— Salisbury and Winchester Journal. THE,ROMAN CATHOLICS AND TB CHOLERA.—In con sequence of the spread of the clio:era, Cardinal Wiseman has granted permission to his flock to eat flesh meat on Fridays and other days of abstinence and fast. COURT CIRCULAR. OSBORNE, MONDAY'. The Queen and Prince, the Prince of Wales, Prince Alfred, the Princess Royal,and Princess Alice, attended Divine • service at Osborne, yesterday morning. The Rev. G. Prothero officiated. During the progress of considerable alterations, which are being carried out at Whippingham Church, by her Majesty's command, to provide increased accommoda tion for her Majesty, the royal family , an d ro y al house hold, Di v i ne service is performed every Sunday at Osborne. Parkhurst has been appointed chief clerk to the Secretary of the General Post Office, in the room of Mr. G-3dby, deceased. ACCIDENT TO THE LORD-LIEUTENANT. —The corres pondent of the Armagh, Guardian , says :—" While riding with Lord Claud Hamilton at Baronscourt, the Lord- Lieutenant's horse put his foot in a half-hidden hole and fell, throwing his Excellency to the ground. His Ex cellency dislocated his thumb, and his face was consider ably brui se d, b ut , prov identially, he sustained no serious injury. Dr. Hamilton, of Newton-Stewart, attended him at Baronscourt. THE RECENT ELECTIONS FOR THE PECCANT 130- ROUGHS.—It is stated that within a few hours of the return for the boroughs of Barnstaple, Maldon, and Hull, Mr. Edwin James, Q.C., was retained in support of petitions against the returns, upon the ground of cot , rupt practices having procured such returns, and to defend the seats of the sitting members for the borough of Cambridge, against a petition threatened by the Gen• servative party in that town. A shipbuilder at Chester has stopped payment with liabilities r e ported at nearly 100 , 0001 ., of which 40,0001. i s ow i ng f or timber, and 18,0001. for iron. A large shippi ng com p an y at Liverpool arc among the cre ditors, havi ng advanced 25,0001. OH a vessel building for them. MORE DETAILS FROM BOMARSUND. DANTZIC, Aug. 19.—Bomarsund surrendered on We Inesday last, at 3 p.m. About 1,900 prisoner: were taken in the large fort. The tower on thr island of Presto surrendered soon afterwards, a priest having been sent to the occupants to tell, them to surrender. This fort bad twelve guns. The French vessels at Bomar in action were the Inflexible, Duperre, Tage, and Trident. The pri soners were sent on board the Royal William and St. Vincent. No fort was blown up by the Rus sians, as reported. One Russian general, corn manding the principal fort, was taken prisoner ; is eighty years old. The forts on Aland island, it is said, will be entirely destroyed, and the troop: will not winter there. The block ships in action were the Edinburgh, Ajax, Blenheim, and Hogur (frigates), Termagant, Amphion, and Arrogant, and six small steamers, the Valorous, Driver, Bull dog, and three others, the names of which hav( been forgotten by the officer of the Basilisk. Abou: 30 to 40 were killed, wounded, and missing (French) ; English, 2 killed, and 1 seriousl3, wounded, besides those in the Penelope. It i: worth notice that the French siege-train had not arrived, and in consequence several very large guns had to be drawn on sledges for a distance of threL miles by the English sailors, under command ot Captain Ramsay, of the Hogue. By this mean: the second large tower on the main island was very quickly breached, and it surrendered in a few hours. RENEWAL OF NEGOCIATIONS ANTICI- PATED. The Wanderer of Vienna of the 16th says "Prince Gortschakoff, the Russian Ambassador, who, it is no ,v well known, is invested with very extensive powers, has declared that the conditions laid down by the French Cabinet may give rise to negotiations provided Russia is allowed to share the Protectorate of the Principalities, and that an assurance be given to the subjects of the Porte pro fessing the Greek religion of concessions consiBtew with the attitude and precedents of Russia. Tin note of the 29th June, addressed to the Cabine• of Vienna, is not the last document which ha. been exchanged on the subject of the evacua tion of the Principalities. After the Cabinet of Vienna had received that note, and declare( that it felt compelled to persist in its demands lei an unconditional evacuation. Prince Gortschakot received a fresh note from St. Petersburg, whie I was communicated to the Cabinet of Vienna of the Bth, and in which it was stated that the Czar had resolved to evacuate the Principalities without any condition, as he was convinced that it wa: only at that price that Austria would support hip efforts to re-establish peace by every means in het power." The Presse of Vienna has the following from St. Petersburg, dated the 10th :—" Count Nessel rode continues to manifest a strong desire for peace, and he has frequent conferences with the Emperor, whose illness is almost at an end. The Emperol goes out frequently, accompanied by Genera. allerberg, whose brother had a mission in flit Principalities and Besarabia, to report on tht state of the Russian armies. This report is said to be very unfavourable. He describes the armies a , having neither subordination nor discipline, and as being almost in a state of dissolution." THE FALL OF BOMARSUND. The following communication gives a succinct and connected account of the operations against Bomarsund from the 7th until the 16th inst., when the whole garrison surrendered : AUGUST 7. --The conformation of the Bay in front of Bomarsund may be again described as taking the shape of a half-circle' the diameter being about three mil es , th e land around is high and well wooded, and intersected by creeks and inlets, which break it up into numerous islands. Looking on to the batteries from the centre of this bay, they would bear about north. On the extreme east our men-of-war were moored, but as the troop transports and their attendant steam-ships came in, they gradually stretched across the mouth of the bay to the west shore, which had been selected as the place of landing two divi sions of the army. At sunset Adiniral Sir Charles Napier, Admiral Chads, and Admiral Seymour (Commodore of the fleet), passed through the troop ships, inspecting their position and giv ing the orders for disembarkation. It was a splendid even ing ; and the sun setting tinged the light fleecy clouds with a bright red and purple hue, as the swarm of troop ships gradually passed over, playing the national airs of England and France. The forts on shore looked grim and silent, and look-outs could be observed gazing with astonishment on this unexpected scene. 0 p.m.—Signal to the whole fleet to get out boats. Half-past 10.—Amid the greatest silence the Termagant crept under the land of , the western promontory and neared the shore within 200 yards, followed at intervals of a quarter of an hour by the Stromboli and Sphvnx, two boats being sent ahead sounding the passage. The moon being full favoured this operation. Aug. 8, 1 a.m.—Three heavy cannons were fired from the earthwork fort on some boats passing. 2 a.m.—The Penelope gently steamed away with a long string of boats, and the Valorous followed. The morning was now breaking, and white mists arose from the marshy creeks, and rolled over the forts, enveloping them in a transparent veil. Half-past 2 a.m.—Began barricading the tops of Am phion and Phlegethon. Boats rapidly passing to the troop ships. 3 a.m.—The Edinburgh, with boats hanging all around her, left her anchorage. Admiral Chads was on the bridge. She rounded .th e wes t po i n t t o support the landing, i ng, and immediately se n t f our s h e ll s i n t o the woods , to discover f there were obstructions. The DaperTe, French battle ship, followed her. All the glittering brass field piece, were now towed across in large pontoons, and the horses, placed in carne description of boat, wore behind them. 4 a.m.—The Phlegethon (French) and Amphion (Eng lish) steamed through an intricate passage, and moored themselves to the west of the earthwork battery, where no guns could be brought to bear upon them. They then opened a terrific fire with shot and shell, which fell with beautiful precision, the trees which partly masked it cracking and falling in all directions. In half an hour they ceased firing and sent three boats in to spike the guns. The men landed, and waving the French and English flags, gave three cheers. It was seen, however, that the enem y hail deserted his battery upon finding their guns useless in the unforeseen position which the ships had taken up. Sir Charles Napier, who, in the Bulldog, had run round the western shore to reconnoitr e , ma d e the signal " Wel l done, Amphion." 5 a.m. —The Stromboli was despatched into a narrow it!' let to watch the enemy and clear the bush of riflemen I f any were observed. The first round tower and the long fort now commenced throwing shell at the Amphion and Phlegethon ; th e y d ro pp e d ex t reme l y c l ose , an d ca used the Phlegathon to move her berth, but the Amphion remaine d with much pertinacity, and became for an hour or two I I floating target for the enemy. In the meantime the Ad' mural had come up in the Bulldog, and, together with the Stromboli, returned the fire of the Round Tower to divert it from the landing operation, which was now rapidly Pr' ceeding. . The battalion of I of it Marines have been conveyed, _ together with the Fr. t marines, on board her Maj est y 's ship Driver, to the north shore of the island, at the bat of the forts. By 8 o'clo c k the wor k o f disembarkation had finished, and the celerity of this operation must be c°ll. sidered most marvellous, for in the space of 3 hours and.* half upwards of 11,000 troops had been safely landed 1 11 the forests of an enemy's country, and where every O PP °. sition might have been expected, taking into consideration the nature of the roads they had to traverse, and the we n known guerilla practice of the Russian riflemen. It re fleets the highest credit upon all concerned, and must e ver remain as a record of singular energy awl rapidity. 9 a.m.—Sir Charles Napier shifted his fix , to the Lig , " ning, and then steamed close abreast of the forts, ta king soundings, and here and there laying out a buoy. 11 a.m.—Sir Charles again returned to the Bulldog , a, lll , while moving to and fro in front of the enemy, grounded within g unshot. Although the Admiral's ni was at the fore, they refrained fromfiring upon her, whi,che was considered rather incomprehensible. At 6 p•E n • Bulldog was got off undamaged. the ti .. l v The following is the list of ships moored off the forts ENGLISH. ral at Bulldog (flag Sir C. Napier), Edinburgh (flag A t Ch's), Hogue, Ajax, Blenheim, Amphion, Tertnaga°l Bellisle (hospital-ship), Penelope, Sphynx, Gladis" Valorous, Vulture, Pigtny,•Lightning. Troop Transports.—Prince, Julia, Columba, Cornelius Fox. Yachts.—Mavis, Foam, Esmeralda. Cutter.—Sparrowhawk. . FRENCH. Inflexible (flag-ship), Breslau, Trident, Tage, Dupe r. ' St. Louis, Algerine (hospital ship). Steam Ships—Phlegethon, Darien, Souffieur, Aso:rodeo, Darien, Imperial yacht. Of the above English ships all are steam with the exeer tion o Belleisle. Oa t f he north side of the island are the Leopard, k rr e ° ' gant, Odin, Hecla, Locust, Porcupine, Otter, Al y3 " . ' Cua:oo. As each regiment landed, they formed into order on r tht rocky shore, and marched through the thick Pi" ° sta l l* and over the heights, their bayonets and red caps g li en ing in the morning sun. The centre wing of the arm/ dir camped for the night in and around a large village at they Lance of less than two miles from the tower wilier' le were destined to attack. This tower, from its highly eo(p, vated position, commands a great fiortion of the surrent. ing country, and here General Baraguay leternained to make the first assault, as in the capture o' ;.,his the key to the long fort was secured. • cavil' The small steam-ships were employed all day in In oo t he ing provisions, ammu n iti on , & c ., t o the shore. lbet .ivening the Amphion moored in front of the battery %it tiad been destroyed, to prevent the enemy reinstating tu tuns. Sir Charles Napier v i s it e d th e General at the h eed ' th i o k. r u e gu w st as 9 l — to o e4 n t luarters, and returneatlauding p.m. the es r°P The found a perfect scene of bustle and animation. a _ d with boats to proceeddischarging throughp immunition. Field-pieces were strewed arCuitsi°u.aevieibuTe iereil, and boxes, casks, and every e onee ,l ni ent lescription of package piled up in heaps. One reg" vas bivouacked upou the sands and rocks, and the Fron& vith their usual foresight had distrained the horses e to i,rts of the peasants in order to transport their bitgrig de' iead-quarters. Taese they were rapidly loading o'i t t . .patching. The road was full of life, straggling pa i r l e ; o ry ~dliers bringing in water, sheep, pigs, ducks, an" ho ed ,ousurnable article that soul I by possibility .vith or without money. The main body of the a r r n _ i n ested upon the pretty village of Skarpans, built o ,7 4 oninence, about four miles inland, and dotted 11 ' red windmills, peculiar to these islands. The Pi 3e er e to der' listaut about a mile and a half from the first round cud in one of the low wooden houses the Cotninal l ' o n taken War n-Chief, General Baraguay d'Eldliers, had iis resi ence. Between this and the enemy's o f a.retched a narrow valley, with a long sheet 4 eater, and beyond there rose an extended ridgne,eur ocks and high land to the height of 200 feet, and u.." e purco It .welter of which the advanced body were encarepe?,„, e l •nnsisted of three re.ritnents—a battalion of 600 -rwi ee Tars es, the same number of l'lnfanterie de la Al,„,"kr'4o - French), and the 12th battalion of Chasseurs. vere under the command of Brigadier General Jones, e he Royal Engineers, the other appointments being 3 , allows :-- Colonel Graham, commanding Royal Marines, japtain Elliot, brigade major; Lieutenant Poore, 'acommand of a battery of four 121 b. howitzers ; Lie u 6 Judliffe, R.N., in charge of the rocket party ; Li e utensi "Tugent, R.E., commanding sappers and miners ; Li eu Lennox, aide-de-camp to the General. The Ron' Aarines and Artillery occupied the centre of the 0, , u : .'ance, and had pitched their tents in a ravine, in ttiv oidst of a young plantation of fir and juniper. They w listant only 800 yards from the Round Fort. BAD)" heir position was the main road leading into BoraarsunL 4 Lad the field-pieces, howitzers, and some few long k : .ounders from the men of-war, wore ranged along it. 1 1 nen had encamped here late the previous evening, , e fir core now engaged in various ways—some erecting t"Th ants, others mounted in the fir trees cutting down wi a ,heir swords the branches to cover them in, putting the gross poles to hang their accontrements, cooking the !inner, or watching the camp-kettle, and, to add t0..r00 xcitement, half-a-dozen horses had been caught uP ,ire neighbourhood, and these, with only a halter rot/ oat heir necks, were wildly galloping with the We e je heir backs through the very centre of the caw,. P' of ~unainent danger of eitber breaking their nee" - %0 icing bodily transported into the power of the en_ ite r :_Larly in the morning the marines had been obliged rs;jeg their position slightly, four canisters of bullets n alo of Jurst among them, and disturbing the repose of 3° t heir the officers and men, by scattering under and about pillows. ,ain A e t 2inpt.mo sta6 p.m. General encampment t ay and d'Hhlliers inut e w ly ith a I arged the ;,reparations. He is a fine noble -looking ooldieryrie 'Lands erect and firm as a much younger rani' h war 74 years of age,. and lost his left hand in the Fren,c , ion r• vith Russia, in 1812. I returned again to the bescv`iThe :ers, and more closely observed the French own!'" liege 'eats of the soldiers were scattered around the r titi o, or every direction and position, upon rocks and raL o th, in fields and gardens, in the copse and on th e ' iv ied' ;in the village green, and even beneath the _ li do( tills. Troops of men were marching about to there .113 guards and outposts, and foraging parties 19 1 ) en lite r. art in search of cattle. A good bakehouse and !,'___lllaieree iouse have been established already, and the vl" o for then" • tad opened their tents, with a guard to protect owning he sale of little luxuries for the soldiers. Ontor the se 34 n o. iuspec te ,0 the shore I found that a pier had been run t _ „ i god' cud a crane erected for the purpose of landing "e 3 ' to 03 Aug. 10, 10 a.m.—The Penelope, in attetaPt, l l got ?.; 11 ,etween the islands from the south to the north Bile, form hore off the island of Prasto, within range of tb _ ll 2 7 bo urs; whereupon they opened fire and contiuued it fel to: b: 'he Admiral had at once ordered all holb_g ug h - O . v ittll 3 o for ssistance, and the Hecla and Pigmy came t i llr : t o to tb ctssage as well to attempt to tow her off. A 5.g t o an; qate • LI C ..olinburgh and Valorous caused them imuleu • 1 0-i the t heir the aence throwing shells into the fort from tuns, which they did with impunity, being .ange of the forts. A little after 12 the Penelope the 3 ; ( 1, unately was removed from her critical position bo n _ niral having ordered all her guns to be thrown, elott when the Hecla at once towed her away gluedth il e ired some red-hot shot, by which two me n were groug h bos k ,hree wounded. One shot passed completeir con ch e dip, killing a man, and thn falling into aN. O, til i ling another. The names of the men kille d ar ithis; erivet, petty officer, and Thorn's B a rber ;_!;,_ ` olgen wounded—Robinson, a marine, and two men of ' ,l •* , old Belleisle. "423 8 ,,,0 t _ O l The large fort discharged at the Penelopee i „je aten 3 bi ,f which struck either her hull or , e e veniegoo R.E., was wounded in the camp ti]i s , ee r a t a ea ,he accidental discharge of his revolver. It 1 ao u 'ploY ee pt, 300 men from the block ships have beenslion. thore in getting the long 32-pounders in P°,' . Ramsay, of H.M.S. Hogue, has the comman"._sneporn. August 11.—This morning the work ef s _ r _ e o e t heavy guns continued, and the sailors, with ;„,rol,)07• head, hauled away at these cumbrous wer o !el Mathe fhe through the village and to the camp of th u pon, c o, let Round Tower kept up a fire at intervals. roog" of whenever in view. Sir Charles' Napier, t!!!, ;;. Beli e ve drove through the encampment, and with ue gen on e iPflilliers arranged the disposition of f o rces.„ 4og gab peen all day employed filling sand -bags and nl33` owl fur the batteries of the long guns. s 1311 car The outposts of the Marines ancl Chasseu rs w are oce some skirmishing, and six or seven of the e nergy dietam o j, tared. The men are thrown out within itsil w : tree' and they creep up the rocks, hiding bolli° a b o ean stones ; they are not more than 200 yards frour_.,n, ot A Russian spy has been taken to-day in Zl L ; n e r O rP hi ° male attire, and yesterday a Russian officer til e. It o / I d a 3, priest ventured through in a carriage wi tu n d on P o u • o g * side. They observed his face newly shorn, a_viev, talaiers questions he appeared confused, and drove .:_ en ' e h s 0 tit turn in the road leading to the forts. TWO 1.1 , 00 11 ed t he so the/ . l oo s spi t rushed after him, but of no avail, rifles, and have either killed or wounded tr" of the horse going at full gallop into the fort. guns The Penelope to-day has taken on b oa rd too Termagant for her upper decks. the f° 7o l Desultory firing has continued all day fr ° r o ht tot. are the troops, and their shells have set fire too-Meeseu.,rnt picturesque village, in which the advance e '-'r, 0 ,0 nth located. The house being of d r y wood, th y r ye the whole night with unmitig ated fury:killed 373 u th e August 12.—Two French soldier s were _te _ Leta wounded in the night by a clumsy error of W' 8 e l°P . relief picket. rd the Pon 036 Last night the two men killed on boa the t he were carried by torch-light to a sma ll islanan. In 0 , ral rites performed ; they were silently 13ti 970,,d-Petreo morning a boat's crew landed there a nd erecte d o o n s the l and planted some small fir over their grave s ' s o , war e at the foot they carved the words It tree." get. f ogs The Artillery of the Chasseurs have bee 3 0 0 or _ o ieg day in filling their shells for the mortars, c „ , car ba gs ' which were ranged under shelter of the ro la y op i nati heavy planks up to their advance, which they:•anne'ici of sand, as a platform for the guns to run ripe% pet, of gabions were also transported to the SO" . t he " Woodniao • filled with earth.t on 4. oP enet August 13.—At 4 a.m. the first round fort t he 00 0 Chasseurs as their field pieces were eroe gng Oehilleei C latter tbe were now planted in their batteries, the ds t o _ bA ro Three French mortars and three long brass ...010 t 400 upon the fort, while the mortars were "I' the olr of a gentle slope. The French no w be g a nactice tneLeo; meat in reality. After half an hour's sell All y 0 tr;or tained a beautiful range, and kept , up . the orb P de" cannonade, tiro shells buratigg