The Sun. — London, England, 1863-05-23 00:00:00

INN FUN, THIS WEEK, One Penny, Charle Da Caw-, ISl.P.—Eng'and on Chines e Plates—Wander in.s in London, &c. Magyars, to be defeated, and degraded, and dis placed. It must hate been already remarked how complete has been the success of the Confederates—as demon strated by those important telegrams which we were enabled to place before our readers in our third edition of last evening in anticipation of our contemporaries of this morning. The enterprize manifested by Mr. REUTER in sending out a fleet steamer like the Sapphire yesterday forenoon to meet the New York, and to hasten back, after meet ing her, direct to Southampton with our eagerly looked for despatches—placed thus within reach at the earliest moment possible the notable intelligence of the actual Retreat of General HOOKER back again across the Rappahannock. As if to render still plainer the lucid record, given already in black and white, of the last movements of the opposing armies of the Federals and Con federates, more American Maps* now offer to us a wonderfully distinct illustration of these marches and countermarches, advances and re treats, victories and defeats, with a promptitude highly commendable for its oppertuneness. Glancing at these maps, and bearing in mind the simple data given in the terse but succinct and perfectly sufficient sentences of the telegrams—the nature, the import, the intrinsic value of these events may at once be very easily appreciated. Their real value is already obviously this—that they tend yet more to shorten the already abbreviated tether of the warlike power of the North. The circle is narrowing. It is not any longer Richmond—it is rather Washington that is threatened. " ‘IA.TURDAY NIGHT JOURNAL." Every Week. One Penny• Forensic Reminiscences. The Thames Embankment and its Approaches. America and the Giants ; &c. &c. SO, F eet-street. TUNE 22, MR. BENEDICT'S CONCERT, UNDER THE IM3IEDI ATE PATRONAGE OF HIS ROYAL HIGBNEsS THE PRINCE Ole WALES AND HER ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCESS oF WALES. At the St. JAMES'S HALL. to commerce at Two oclock. The full programme will be published on Monday next Early application Is solicited for the few remaining stags and Reserved Seats, at the Musicseller's, and of Mr. Benedict, 2, Manchester-square. riItiEATRE-R0 r A I,, HAY MARKET, Lessee Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, BORROWING A HUSBAND. Pa• nicia, Miss Maria Harris. After which, 7th time, a new and eriginal comedy. entitled Y NICSSE ; or, Spy and Counter-Spy : Mr. Bu .kstone, Mr. Howe, Mr. Chippendale, Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Wigan, and Miss Louisa Ange'. Followed by an apropos Dramatic Sketch, introducing a Panorama of the Tour of the Prince of Vti ales in the East. To conclude with MY HUSBAND'S GHOST. Commence at 7. T' DUKE'S MOTTO. THE HUNDREDTH AND EIGHTH NIGHT. On Whit Monday, and during the Summer Season, the doors will open at 7 o'clock; performance commence at half past 7. THEATRE ROYAL LYCEUM OPEN, under the Sole Management of Mr. FECHTER. THIS EVENING, at 7, to commence with an OriTinal Sketch, entitled A SUDDEN ATTACK. Messrs. Shore, Garden, H. Widdicomb, Mlss Henrade, and Mrs. Lee. After which, at a Quarter to Eight, a New Romantic Drama, in Three Acts, and Pr3logue, entitled THE DUKE'S MOTTO, by Paul Feval and John Brougham. The principal character will be sustained by Mr. Pechter, supported by Messrs. J. G. shore, G. Jordan, J. Brough am , H. iddivmbe, F. Charles, Garden, Raymond, Dawson; Misses Carlotta Leclercq, Kate Terry, E. Lavenue, and Elsworthy. Acting-Manager, Mr. H. Barnett. INTEW T I-1E ATRE-RO YAL, ADELPHI.- Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING, a petite Drama, THE ANGEL OR DEVIL. Miss A. Jones, Mr. Toole, and Mr. Billington. — After which (10th time), a new Drama, in one act, entitled THE WOODEN SPOON MAKER. Messrs. B. Webster, Stuart, Stephenson, Sefton ; Miss H. Simms, and Mrs. 8.1- lington. Followed by a new Burlesque, entliled ILL-TREATED IL TROVATORE. Masers. Toole, P. Bedford, R. Phillips, Ithurne, C. J. Smith, Romer ; the Sisters Nelson, Carry and Sar t, and Miss K. Kelly. To conclude with DOMESTIC ECONOMY. Mr. J. L. Toole, Sic. _ Commence at 7. TIPHE THIRD EDITION OF " THE SUN," Containing the Latest SPORTING DiTELLIGENCE, can be had Every Evening of G. R. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park. The Weather—Sun Office, May 23, 1863. THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, MAY 23, 1863. LATEST INTELLIGENCE, (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) THE POLISH INSURRECTION , WARSAW, MAY 20. A decree of the National Government dated the 10th inst., has been published ordering the organ isation of a general rising. Levies are directed to be made in Poland, Lithu ania, and Russia for the purpose of a general insur rection—to take place on the Ist of June. Langiewicz was designated as the leader of the movement, and he endeavoured to escape in order to accept this post. WARSAW, MAY 23. The official Dziennik, of to-day publishes an order of the Government relative to the organisation of the police of the kingdom. The same journal also publishes an official decree addressed to the civil Governor of Poland, which says :—" An insurrection which has been partially suppressed, having broken out in Poland, and cer tain fluctuations having aided the disturbers of publie order, such fluctuations are to be dismissed, and replaced by persons enjoying the confidence of the Government. CRACOW, MAY 23. The Russians are concentrating troops along the line of the Petrikan, Czenstochowa, and Skierni- wics Railway. It is rumoared that Drenowski suffered a defeat on the 18th inst., in the environs of Czersk. Details are wanting. The insurgents have had successful encounters with the Russians at Babsko, in the district of Rave, on the 13th, and at Rosniewicze in the same district on the 14th inst. THERMOMETER. This raorning This day at Two o'clock Barometer-29.86. Wind—N.E. ; light breeze, and fine. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tata DAY.—Morning, sh. 25m.—Afternoon, sh. 45m. To-moartow.-Morning, 6h. Om.—Afternoon; 6h. 24m. I .., t. j , t• C 7',. ; - , .','.„ 4, , git 1k,,00"' ',,,,,14,5„...,../......., ..,_, 41 44. -111 A- .W..‘ an t LONDON, SATURDAY, MAY 23, 1863. The successive defeats sustained by the Federal army at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville have terminated, we now learn, in that army's disastrous and ignominious flight across the Rappahannock. General HOOKER has fared no better than his pre decessors. The last of the commanders-in-chief of the forces of the Northern, or as it is still called, with an excess of courtesy, of the United States Go varnment, has turned out to be not one jot less of a failure than the President himself. After embark ing upon an enterprise of nine days' duration—and a mere Nine Days' Wonder it has certainly proved to be after all—General HOOKER has returned to his old place of encampment, situated a little to the north of Falmouth. He has returned thither, we learn, but in Sorry plight enough after those nine days of bitter anxiety—four of them of fierce and sanguinary battling with a foe as resolute in de tt rrninetion and as irresistible in valour as hitherto found to be (as compared with themselves, the Federals) matchless in generalship. The discomfi ture endured upon this most memarable occasion appears to have proved, from first to last, so com plete and absolute that there is no talk now, it will be observed, about the retro grade movement having been resolved upon by the Commander-in Chief of the Federals— that is of the defeated force—having been resolved upon, for—" strategic purposes." All that we do read in these last telegrams, in then ay of extenuation, or rather, as we may say, with a view to making the best of it, is that " Washington RlEspatehes attribute General HOOKER'S retreat wonderful sagacity certainly on the part of these Washington despatches, so to attribute it l] to — prudential motives !" It is in the highest degree probable. Prudential motives, bqond a doubt of it, did induce the Federal Commander-in-Chief— after the fearful chastisement he had received on Sunday, the 3d, and more particularly after the all but destruction of General SEDG WICK'S division on Monday, the 4th instant— to recross the Rappahannock during the night of Tuesday, the sth, from Fredericksburg to Falmouth. By Wednesday, the 6th of May, after an absence of just those nine miserable days of strife and defeat already particularised, General HOOKER had settled down again, in the place from which he had gone forth, with so grand and sonorous a flourish of trumpets, to conquer those who have again, and not by any means exceptionally, proved one too many for the North. The result of this last Federal expe dition, like so many other expeditions that have gone forth in the same direction to conquer, but have returned, like this one, unmistakably defeated, and fairly put to flight by the victorious Con federates —the result of this last grand raid, adven tured upon by the bran-new Commander-in-Chief o f the Army of the Potomac, has assuredly approved itself to be a positive and unmitigated anti-climax. Insomuch is this recognised to be the case, that already the North is becomin g clamorous for the displacement of General HOOKER from lk the command—for his immediate removal s . o many who have gone b e f ore hi m) from that posi tion of immense responsibility. The infatuated Democrats still crying loudly for th e restoration of M'CLELLAN to the supreme command over the army of the North The Republicans—solicitou s , as it would seem, to try the vague chance of yet another experiment, in preference to the far greater hazard of reverting to a former failure—demanding the nomination of FREMONT rather than the renomina tion o f M'CLELLAN as Commander-in Chief While rumours flitted about at 'Washington, when these last advices left, to the effect that neither M'CLELLAN nor FREMONT should step into the post about to be vacated by HOOKER, but that the Federal army, after all these defects and cala miies, should be confided to the guidance of a wholly different Commander-in-Chief --to wit, General 'REIS TZ EVIAN. The rapid sequence of Commanders-in-Chief at the head of the Northern army, since this terrible war com menced in North America, is only ceropar able, as it seems to us, to the equally ra pid and melancholy succession of Austrian Mar shsls who, in the famous campaign of 1849 in Hun gary, confronted, one after another, ta3 Insurgent * Colton's Map of the Seat of War in Virginia. Pub lished by J. H. Colton, New York. Battle Fields of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, Published by Bacon and Co., 48, Paternoster-row. The news from Prussia contains intelligence that the Chamber of Deputies is determined to maintain its rights.;The address:was:completed and:modified, and allusion was made to the Royal Message the day before. The Chamber declines to give the de claration required by the Ministers, it declares them responsible for the frustration of the ob jects of the session, and it requests the KING to put an end to the continuance of a situa tion which threatns serious dangers for the monarchy and the State. The address was approved by 239 votes to 61:votes. This is decisive, at all events, and it is most earnestly to be trusted that that large ma jority may teach the KING and his misguided Mini sters the importance of conceding in time and not irritating and aggravating the Deputies. After all the affair is not so momentous as they would make it out to be, and there can be but little hardship in the Minister of Prussia confining his remarks with in the boundaries of good taste, and good breeding. Nor can there be any great indignity in bearing others express themselves concerning his actions in strict accordance with the rules of the assembly. The fact is, that it is a very convenient excuse for doing nothing this session, and it al most seems as if it were malice prepense to have made this decided stand against a consti tutional right, and to insist on the prejudices of everyone being given up to mere arbitrary de crees. Those who are so headstrong will seldom listen to reason, but if the KING and his Ministers were only rightly instructed as to the effect of this, their conduct in the eyes of Europe, it might per haps startle them with a salutary warning. They are deteriorating daily from their former reputation, they are injuring the interests of their country, they are rendering its representative institutions a byeword and a reproach in the sight of nations, and all for what ? To cause a country that had made great progress in its position, to retrograde, in order to carry out the wishes of a SOVEREIGN who aims at becoming one of the despots of Europe. One who has selected Ministers who are only too willing to carry out his mischievous policy, reck less of the consequences and indifferent to the ignc miny that attaches itself to such proceedings. One thing is satisfactory, however, the Chamber of Deputies seem resolved to maintain their ground, and that is at all events most gratifying. A country is never lost either politically or socially, unless degenerate sons by their apathy or indiffe rence allow the tyrant's decrees to be csrried out, and the fatal course of obstruction to be entered upon. The official report which has been presented to the Poor-Law Board gives us some interesting par ticulars respecting the condition of the Lancashire operatives. Messrs. FARNALL and ROBINSON visited together the five boroughs of Ashton-under-Lyne, W.ackbarn, Oldham, Rochdale, and Stockport. The statistics which the former gentleman has fur nished show very strikingly the grievous distress still existing in the North, in spite of the improved condition of things. The rates are very high, in Blackburn, the sum total charged for all rates being 9s. 11d. The numbers out of work are mournfully large, upwards of 7,000 hands in Ashton-under- Lyne, of 8,000 in Rochdale, and the same number in Stockport, being entirely out of work, while in Blackburn the list of idle hands includes 12,698. Such a state of things is in every way lamentable, and must not be suffered to contiuue. A large pro portion of the unemployed operatives are able men, who3e wages were they in full work would relieve their families. It is calculated that if regular and profitable work were found for 10,000 men, 40,000 persons would immediately be taken off the parish. In the five boroughs above referred to, it is esti mated that there are no less than 10,500 able men unemployed, many of them being carpenters, masons, carters, and others dependent on the cotton trade, as well as the mill hands. Of course this variety of trades would greatly simplify matters, as the men accustomed to such work would more readily turn their hands to out-door labour. The difficulties in the way of the proposed scheme seem to be of a local nature. Mr. RAWLINSON, in the conclusion of his interesting report, says that so far as his inquiries have as yet gone in Lan oashire and Cheshire, he has found work requiring to be done, ablebodied men out of work, and the local authorities willing workers among the dis tressed operatives. There are of course objectors, who argue that a time of distress is not favourable to large expenditure on works not directly produc tive, that the cotton operatives will not be able to execute the proposed work with advantage, and that much of the money raised would have to be ex pended on the materials, and on the remuneration required by the skilled labourers, who must neces sarily be engaged. To all these objections Mr. RAWLINSON brings prompt and conclusive replies. Ile says very justly that the ablebodied men now out of work must be maintained by the authorities either by means of the poor rates or _by andthem cownistchienretaliollunseimaatinvecan l abour.hesi ate between the Supplying No farsighted two. " The present system,".says Mr. RAWLINSON, " if persevered in another year, will ruin the men. Relief to able-bodied men is ever demoralising. He declares that from his own knowledge the best of the cotton operatives both can and will do a fair 's work for a fair day's wage. But who can say what habits of idleness, thriftlessness, and vagrancy, what loss of self-respect and independence will be the fruit of long continuance of the present state of things. Allowing the money required were far greater in amount, surely it would be a poor saving on the part of the authorities to foster such habits which will certainly avenge themselves in days to come. Bat Mr. RAWLINSON, who is evi dently well qualified to judge, speaks confidently of the fitness of the men for their new employment. Within one month after setting fairly to work, he expects that the best of the cotton operatives will have become " skilled labourers" in another trade, in excavating, in trenching, or in the formation of streets and roads. There is one thing in favour of his sanguine prognostications—the men are mostly intelligent and willing to turn their intelligence to good account. We all remember the surprising quickness with which our educated classes acquired the necessary drill of the Volunteers, anti we do not doubt that something of the same kind would be seen among the better class of operatives. The cotton labourers should not, thinks Mr. RAWLIN SON, be massed together. They should work in sub-divisions under the superintendence of tho roughly practical men. The wages should be paid in money, at short intervals,a suggestion which will, we trust, be strictly adhered to, as any deviation from it is likely to provoke discontent. Any loss in the work at first will be more than compensated for, in the opinion of this competent authority, by the saving in the poor-rate. A prejudice seems to exist against the Local Government Act, a prejudice which is but gradually being dis pelled. An impression was common that the proposed works were to be conducted by the Government, hut Mr. RAWLINSON has clearly explained to them that all works under taken must be devised, superintended, executed, and paid for by the local authorities. This explanation ought to be gratifying to the independence of the municipalities, and is no doubt by far the best course to adopt. The only assistance given by Go vernment will be the advance of the necessary funds at a low rate. We shall look with interest to the next report of these gentlemen, a report which they promise to forward very speedily. A very interesting letter has been forwarded by Lord ALFRED CHURCHILL from the African Aid Society. It shows the origin and progress of the quarrel between the British authorities on the Gold Coast and the King of Ashantee. It appears that in November one of the captains of the King was ordered up to Comasie, having been supposed to have stolen the King's quota of gold. Being fearful of the results he escaped to the coast, and asked protection from the English Government. Upon this the King sent to demand that they should give him up. A grand council was held, at which the charges did not appear substantiated against the runaway chief, who declared that he would rather have his head cut off, there and then, than be sent to Comasie. Finally, the conclusion was come to that the chief should not be given up un less the King sent witnesses to substantiate the charges which ware brought against him. The King, however, demanded unconditional surrender; if not, he threatened the Governor with the con sequences. At this time a curious circumstance was noticed. Those Ashantees who came down as traders bought almost wholly the munitions of war, such as guns, powder, and lead, but the chiefs in the interim naturally grew alarmed at this and seized the articles as the men passed their territory. Of course this infuriated the KING, who made preparations for an invasion. He also in timated to the Governor that he had broken the treaty, and that he would send down a captain to show him about it. The Governor promised that when this took place he would yield up the chieftain. This appears to have been a very safe promise, since he did not come. Soon after this, reports reached the coast that a large army of Ashantees was crossing the River Prah. The in formation given by an Ashantee prisoner that is said to be authentic is sufficient proof of the vin dictiveness of the whole affair. After taking most solemn oaths, he spoke as follows . :—" The KING, on hearing that the Governor refused to deliver up the men, turned out all the available force, num bering about 60,000 men, Of these 20,000 were to form a corps of observation on the eastern district, by descending on Akim, and thus preventing the Accras, Aquamhus, and Akims from joining the Fantees, and the remaining 40,000 were to descend upon the Fantees through Assin, sweeping every thing before them, until they arrive at Cape Coast and Anamaboe, both of which places they intend to sack ; the victorious were then to march against the Accras. So that perhaps before you receive this account we might all have been massacred by theso brutal Ashantees ; but we are determined to give them a most hearty reception." It seems almost incredible that a man should conduct himself in such a manner as this, and doom thousands to de struction because his fancy for revenge is not grati fied, because his tyrannous sway is not upheld to the remotest verge that he may desire. The conduct of the Governor at Cape Coast is most praiseworthy, and he has rightly vindicated the character of his country. Lord CARLISLE, when he was Governor of Canada, gained deserved credit for his resistance in yielding to the demands that were made to him to give up a poor refugee black who had gained, as he thought, a haven of refuge. After some die pute had arisen on the subject, Lord CARLISLE ex claimed, " I would rather lose Canada than give up a single slave." This is a worthy interpretation of the rights and duties of those who represent Eng land in her distant colonies. The only really satis factory occurrence that has taken place in the American war, as regards the conduct of our Go vernment, was their insisting on the restoration of those men who had been taken out of a ship that bore the British flag. It is to be hoped that this much loss a o f ffa l i i r fe, wi and lle t e h en at b t he e t e i r r ma irascible b a t l e e d k w n g i t h m o a n y t learn a lesson of wisdom and moderation. THE Loss OF THE ANGLO-SAXON,—The Board of Trade has directed an inquiry to be instituted at Liver pool into the circumstances attending the melancholy wreck of the Anglo-Saxon steamer, near Cape Race. DARING BURGLARY AT BRlGHTON.—Yesterday morning Henry Thompson, a pedestrian, Henry Tapner, and George White, also known in pedestrian circles, were brought before the borough magistrates at Brighton, charged with committing a burglary at 8, Powis-square, the residence of Miss Sandhurst, which was broken into the night previous, and a large number of ar ticles stolen, including a quantity of silver. The burglars, it seems, took the trouble to apply aquafortis to various articles they selected from the cupboard, leaving all the Plated goods behind, but taking all the silver. They also found their way to the wine cellar, and partook of three bottles of wine, the necks of which they knocked off. Two pieces of money were found in the possession of the pri soners Thompson and Tapper, which, from some peculiarity pocket theo f Thompson threepri soners were remanded. in the coin were identified by Master Sandhurst; a b o ttl e when captured. - of aquafortis was A a f ls t o Pr h fo e un ari d ng th int e ev idence, he THE DISCOVERER OF THALLIUM.—It appea rs that there are some grounds for doubtingor whom thewhether either Mr. Crookes or the French chemist for merit has been claimed are entitled to thehonosuinrcoefabsa July s first di scovere d th e meta l t h a lli um , for so long Alining Touinal, 18, 1857 , a notice was published in the stating that Mr. Joseph Jones, of Bolton de-Moors, claimed to have discovered a metal which it now appears was thal lium, although by Mr. Jones it was designated sulphurium. That Mr. Joseph Jones really succeeded in isolating tho metal is beyond doubt, for he staled that it was "of the same class as arsenium, silver, aluminium," Se. Mr. Jones also stated that this new metal was obtained from su'phur residue. The inventor being a poor man, had little oppor tunity of making his discovery known, but that he is really entitled to the honour of being the first discoverer of thal -141;4 there seems sao doubts-raiinftly ;Toona4 ROME. ROME, MAY 22. The Pope received Count Aquila to-day in a public audience. EGYPT. ALEXANDRIA, MAY 22. Prince Napoleon has paid several ♦isits to the Suez Canal works. CAIRO, MAY 20. A fire has broken out at the Berman railway terminus, in which 40 persons perished. The Viceroy has given away money and other assistance to the sufferers by the conflagration, and ordered the houses burnt down to be rebuilt at his own expense. SPAIN. MADRID, MAY 22, The IVovedades of to-day states that a Ministeria crisis is imminent: The Correspondencia asserts, however, that the Ministers continue to enjoy the confidence of the Queen. SOUTH AMERICA. BUENOS AYRES, April 14. The French packet leaves here on the eve of one of the greatest events which has ever taken place in this country, the inauguration of the Cordoba Railway. Mr. Wheelright, the concessionnaire, has already departed for the scene of action. Th e President, Ministers, and invited guests will leave in a national war-steamer in a few days, and on the 20th inst. the ceremony will take place. The earthworks will be immediately commenced, and it is expected several miles of the road will be already made by the time Mr. Wheelright will be able to have the rails out from England. The Northern Railway is progressing rapidly under the management of Messrs. Murray and Mills, and will shortly be completed to Los Olivos. The Western Railway, which now belongs exclu sively to the Provincial Government, has not yet been extended. The stockholders, however, have been paid off at par, with 6 per cent. interest. A small portion of the stock, which was given to what is called the Dredge Company, is still unpaid, but the matters in dispute being left to arbitration it is thought the holders of this part of the stock will be paid immediately. In the southern parts of this province we are at present experiencing a great drought. The sheep farmers are beginning to fear that the winter will set in before the grass comes up, which would cause immense loss. In the north, however, the camps abound with grass, the flocks are all lambing, and owing to the genial weather the average increase of flocks in these districts may be put down at 40 per cent. Ounces still rule high, but they have a decided downward tendency. We look forward to a fall after the meeting of Congress and election of Go vernor next month. The wool market has been very active during the past few days, and extensive sales have been made, principally for Germany, England, and small lots f.r France. Quotations are much firmer for common wools, and show a rise of 1 do!. to 3 dol. for select parcels, which are becoming scarce. The friends and supporters of the British Home for Incurables will be gratified to learn that H.R.H. the Princess of Wales has graciously consented to become the patroness of the institution. THE YELVEItTON CASE IN THE LORDS.—The Non. Major Yelverton having recently presented a petit;on to the House of Lords, asking for further time to lodge his case, on Thursday Mr. Tippets, the agent of the major, applied to the appeal committee, when one month's further delay was granted. The appeal will, therefore, pro bably be heard before their lordships about the month of July cat it'ourt, HER MAJESTY. BALMORAL, May 21. The Queen drove out yesterday morning, accom panied by Princess Helena, end attended by Lady A. Bruce. The Royal family walked in the grounds. FRANCE. BOURSE, May 22.—Stock has been rather offered, and the business done shows a decline on the closing quotations of yesterday. Threea, for the Account, are now at 69f. 25c. Railway Shares have been firmer than Rente, and up to the present time prices have been pretty well maintained. The market slightly improved before the close, and left off as follows : It per Cents. 97 Italian Loan 72 35 Do. end month.... Do. end month 72 35 3 per Cents Do. end month.... 69 35 Do. end month.... 73 40 Credit Mobilier.... 1428 75 Russian Do. end m0nth....1430 Austrian Bank Shares 3440 Spanish Threes.... 53 25 Credit Fonder 1430 Home Debt RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans lOO2 50 .. 1000 Northern New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 1058 75 .. 1062 50 Geneva 457 50 .. 455 Southern Western Eastern Sardinian .. Austrian Lon , hard North of Spain Saragossa 712 50 „ 717 50 Ditto to Barcelona PRUSSIA. Subjoined is the complete text of the royal mes sage to the Prussian Chamber of Deputies, a sum• mary of which appeared yesterday :-- " We, William, by God's grace King of Prussia, &c. In the sitting of the 11th inst. the President of the House of Deputies asserted a claim to subject our Ministers to his disciplinary powers, and to order them to cease speaking, whereby the right was violated and questioned which our Ministers possess in accordance with Article 66 of the Con stitution. " Our Ministry of State, whilst by its letters of the 11th and 16th it has sought to secure itself against the repetition of similar proceedings, has at the same time offered the Chamber of Deputies the renewed opportunity of removing every disturbing influence respecting the proceedings of the II th inst., and to withdraw from itself the consequences of an isolated act. The Chamber of Deputi es , on its part, has not met this conciliatory step, but has declined to give the explanation r equ i re d, and has indirectly acqu i esce d in the claim made by the President on the 11th inst., respecting a disciplinary power over our Ministers. Such a claim is without legal foundation, and we cannot but think that it is inconsistent with the dignity of our Government, that our Ministers, as representatives of the Crown, should be present during the proceedings of the house, having re nounced the independent position which properly belongs to them, and which is theirs by constitutional charter, in respect of the Chamber of Deputies and its president. We can therefore only recommend the Chamber of Deputies to put an end to a state of things under which the important interests of the country suffer, and to accord to our Minis• tern the constitutional recognition claimed by them, whereby that further active co-operation is rendered pos sible, without which no effect can be given to the proceed ings of the Chamber." POLAND. FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT. CRACOW ; May 19. It is certain that the insurrection is spreading in the Polish provinces of Volhynia, Podolia, and the Ukraine, though it is difficult to obtain detailed news here from those distant provinces. An address from the Polish National Government in Lithuania to the inhabitants of the Polish provinces generally has just reached me. It is instructive as showing the sentiments of the Poles of the provinces usually claimed by Russia as belonging to her, both by race religion, language, and primitive occupation, and I subjoin a few extracts:— " Lithuanians and Ruthenians ! recollect your degradation and your ancient grievances; the foe has deprived you of everything that constitutes the moral and material prosperity of a country° Your towns, once flourishing, are destroyed ; agriculture and commerce is declining ; your national funds have become the prey of the Muscovite sbirri. But the savage invader has not s t o pped hero; after tearing you from Poland, with whom you are iden tified by five centuries of united existence, and by common misfortunes, he has violated all your rights, and destroyed all your liberties. For nearly a century he has been endea vouring to eradicate from your hearts the faith and language of your fathers, and to extinguish all enlightenment. He has either desecrated or ruined your churches, he has shut up your schools, even that institution of the Batorys, which has been your glory before the world. He has torn from you all that is the lif e o f a nation ; even your v i r t u es he calls crimes, and y our patriotism, the holiest of earthly feelings, he puni s h es 'with Siberia and the k nout. People of Lithua n i a and Rut h en i a ! o bserve and recognise those who have oppressed you. That same Czarina Catherine, who tore your fatherland in pieces, has extended to you the Mongol law of the Czar Godunow and loaded you with c hains. With her reign bega n th e first persecu ti o n of your people, the first Pori-tax, an d ti 2o fiat levy. And' when your elder brethren, faithful to tradition and The Constitution of the 3d May, sworn to by your fathers, strove to free themselves from the yoke, who closed the halls of their councils and sent your defenders to Siberia ? The Muscovite Czars. Some years ago your brethren again demanded your freedom. Who, instead of giving you freedom, only changed the form of your slavery, giving you a Muscovite government so foreign to your customs, and so repugnant to yourselves? Who, while pretending to load you with freedom, has denied you that liberty which► is the most im portant of all, religious freedom, and murdered you for professing the faith of your fathers ? The Czar of Muscovy, religions and classes, brethren of Lithuania and Ruthenia! shall we in presence of the heroic struggle beyond the Nieman, in which the noblest Polish blood flows in an abundant stream, still humbly bend our neck to the shameful yoke of Muscovite slavery ? Shall we look on with indif ference while Russia throws into its prisons or sends to Siberia all that is most worthy and most noble ? Shall we allow her to sow discord among us and arm our hands with fratricidal knives? No, this shall not be, Brethren ! the hour of our last struggle has struck, Lithuania and Ruthenia, faithful to their bond of union, will rise as one man to the war for religion and freedom,for the liberty of the people, in defence of its own independence, of order and of civilisation," Such are the noble words used by the Poles in stirring their brethren against the Russians. Let us now see what is the language of Russia to the raskolniks and others whom it employs to "restore on:en" The document from which I translate is of indisputable authenticity : " THE SECRET WILL OF THE CZAR. " We announce to the whole nation that it is the will of the Czar that all Catholics should be exter minated, beginning with the masters and all the nobles, and ending with the peasants; as a reward for which their land andall their property will be long to those who will sharpen their knives, scythes, and hatchets. Encourage the people to massacre; all of you join in the work, and you will be rich. The Czar will make you nobles of Russia through gratitude, and the clergy will confirm you in your object, for such is God's will. " The good-will of all Russians, our true faith, and all true believers, call on you to exterminate all Catholics to a man; and we, with the power given us by the Church, bless you in this holy cause, and order your spirit to be raised with brandy, that you may the better exterminate the servants of Satan and rid the earth of God's enemies. God, the Church, and the Czar command you !" The following is the translation of a letter addressed on the 15th April to the Russian General Semeka by a Russian officer sent to Prussia to concert measures with the authorities in that coun try, and which was intercepted by the insurgents: Your Excellency,—After having travelled over my dis trict, I have just arrived at the Russian town of Villenberg, situate opposite Chorzel, from which town it is six miles distant. I write to you to confirm the reports which are in circulation, and to give you the news I have succeeded in collecting in the neighbourhood of Mlawa. All the officers, and the military commandant of the place, Major Von Neumark, assure me that the insurgents occupy the forests between the town of Myszyniec and the village of Surowa, within a distance of about 15 miles. They burn their bivouac fires on the frontier, and without the slightest fear sang their patriotic songs and drill and recruit. As knowing the locality, I have the honour to submit to your excellency the following plan for destroying theee bands, One column should leave Tincentz, and as soon as I get a telegram from you with these words, " Act on such a day," I will send the frontier guards, 200 in number at least, and request the military command at Lomza, in your name, to occupy the space which separates Kempa from Nowgorod, in order to prevent the insurgents from crossing the Narew. A second column should attack them from Ostrolenka in the direction of Myezyniec, where it wculd join the frontier guards, and then endeavour to force the insurgents on to Prussian territory. A third column, proceeding from Prasnysz, would occupy the bridge on the Osnulew, the only retreat open to the insurgents in case they should be pursued on the side of Myszyniec. I will undertake at the same time to inform the Prussians of this, in order to enable them to send their troops to the frontier, as they have of their own accord promised to do. The only question remaining is how this plan is to be executed. I think the best way would be to send orders toPrasnysz, which is 20 or 30 miles from the bridge of Osnulew, to oc cupy that bridge at the time agreed upon, which you will oblige me by stating by telegraph, naming at the same time the individual lam to meet at Ostrolenka. I will send for this person to Lomza, and communicate this plan to him, as well as your orders with regard to future action. I will beg you to mention this in the despatch, and send the news to the Prussian authorities. You know, perhaps, that the 6th company of frontier guards is posted on the road from Myszyniec to Mlawa. But as this district, which is covered with forests, and also the adjoining villages, swarm with insurgents, a portion of the 6th cc mpany is encamped near the frontier town of Peplowka, while the other portion is at the Custom-house of Vincertz. In this position, in the midst of an open country, this company is quite useless. I have the honour, therefore, humbly to request that you will order the town of Chorzel to be occupied by two companies of the garrison of Prasnysz, which contain eight companies. I would then immediately reinforce this detachment with the 9th com pany, consisting of 100 horse and 120 foot. These forces would be sufficient to harass the insurgents, with the assist ance of flying columns, and to keep down the smaller towns. I hope you will not refuse me this request, and that in executing this plan you will let Major Lyrienko know of it, in order to enable him to enter, together with the two companies of the Novogorod Regiment, the town of Chorzel, whose inhabitants are in the greatest state of ex citement. Might not Captain Klimontowiz be pointed out as a meritorious officer ? The Prince and Princess of Wales. The Prince and Princess of Wales had a dinner party last evening at Marlborough House. The company consisted of their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse, their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cambridge and the Prin cess 11.1ary, his Serene Highness Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, the Duke and Duchess of Beaufort, the Duke of St. Albans, the Danish Minister, the Earl and Countess of Tankerville, the Earl and Countess De Grey, the Countess of Macclesfield, the Earl Russell, the Earl and Lady Constance Grosve nor, Viscount Chelsea, Baroness Von Schenck, Baroness Von Grancy, Lady Geraldine Somerset, Colonel Home Purves, Captain Westerweller, Mr. Becker, Captain Falbe, Mr. Cadogan, Lieut. Gen. Knollys, and Major Teesdale. The band of the Coldstream Guards was in atten dance and played during dinner. The Princess of Wales had afterwards an evening party. The Prince of Wales, attended by Major Tees dale, rode on horseback yesterday morning. The Prince and Princess of Wales, and Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse, took a drive in an open carriage in the afternoon. The Duke of Cambridge and the Princess Mary visited Princess Louis of Hesse at Marlborough House. The Prince of Leiningen paid a visit to the Prince of Wales. The Princess of Wales and Princess Louis of Hesse, attended by the Countess of Macclesfield Lord Harris, Baroness von Grancy, and Mr. Becker, went yesterday afternoon to the performance in St. James's Hall. The Approaching Royal Visit to the City. The Corporation of London are making extensive and costly preparations for the reception of the Prince and Princess of Wales, on the occasion of their forthcoming visit to the city. A large num ber of distinguished persons will be invited to the fete in Guildhall which their Royal Highnesses are to honour with their presence on the evening of Monday, the Bth of June. Three other members at least of the Royal family have accepted invitations —the Duchess of Cambridge, with the Princess Mary, and his Royal Highness the Commander-in- Chief. The Ministers of State, members of the Court, the foreign ambassadors, and a number of peers and members of Parliament, with their families will also be invited. The remainder of the company will chiefly consist of London merchants, bankers, the representatives of joint-stock societies, masters of the great civic companies, the mayors of the chief provincial cities and towns, the members of the Courts of Alderman and Common Council, and the leading officers of the Corporation. At first it was intended to limit the invitations to 1,500, but the Entertainment Committee have found it impossible to adhere to that arrangement with out causing much disappointment. They have, thrrefore, increased the number to 2,000. The ap plications for tickets are said to have been numerous beyond all precedent, and they are still pouring in. The decoration of the Guildhall has been con fided to Mr. Crace, and, under his superintendence, the work is proceeding. The design, which is quite novel, and altogether different from anything hitherto attempted at great civic festivals, has met with high praise. The chief object sought to be attained is to bring out in conspicuous relief ail the architectural features of the interior of the Hall by the use of gilding and colour. A temporary roof, resembling oak, and intended closely to re present that which the Corporation mean to substi titute for the present unsightly and dilapidated ceiling, will be erected for the occasion, and from it will hang masses of foliage gracefully arranged. The monuments on the walls of the Hall, which on festive occasions are generally concealed, will be conspicuously displayed by the use of drapery. A dais and canopy will be erected at the eastern end of the building for the Prince and Princess; and the interior will be reflected in mirrors placed at the western extremity. The Council-chamber, which will be appropriately adorned, has been set apart for the accommodation at supper of their Royal Highnesses and the more distinguished guests. Ail the great civic companies will contribute their ser vices of plate, which will be added to that of the Corporation on the occasion. The Court of Common Council, headed by the Lord Mayor, is to be summoned to meet at nine o'clock in the evening to present the freedom of the city to the Prince. This ceremony, necessarily brief, will take place in the presence of such of the company as shall then have arrived. At its con clusion the ball will be opened. The Entertainment Committee, composed of se veral of the Aldermen, Sheriffs, and about 30 mem bers of the Common Council, with Mr. Truscott as their chairman, meet at Guildhall to make the ne • cesary arrangements. Yesterday they drew up and settled the list of persons who are to receive in vitations, and they will continue to assemble daily for the next fortnight and upwards. THE PRINCE AND PRINCESS LOUIS OF HESSE.— Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse will take their departure to.day for the Continent. The carriages and heavy luggage belonging to the Prince and Princess left town yesterday, by the South. Eastern Railway for Gravesend, to be shipped on board the Royal yacht appointed to convey their Royal Highn.sses to Antwerp. ROYAL VISIT TO THE CRYSTAL PALACE.—Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Wales having notified their intention to honour with a visit the flower show which takes place to-day at the Crystal Palace, the public will not be admitted until 1 o'clock in lieu of 12 o'clock as originally intended. Sir Joseph Paxton will attend the Prince and Princess, and conduct their Royal Highnesses over the building, of which, as the architect, he is accustomed, by the wish of the directors, to do the honours to any illustrious personages who may honour the Palace with a visit. Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cam bridge and Princess Mary intend to leave St. James a Palace to-day for Cambridge Cottage, Kew, for the holi days. _ _ _ The Duke and Duchess of Northumberland leave town to-day for Sion House, Isleworth, for the Whitsun.- tide recess. The noble duke and duchess will entertain a succession of visitors during the holidays. The Earl and Countess of Derby have issued in vitations for a dinner and evening party, on the 10th of next month. The Earl and Countess Delawarr, accompanied by Sir Alexander and Lady Arabella Bannerman, leave town to-day for Buckhurst Park, Sussex, for the holidays. The Earl of Dudley will give a ball at Dudley House, Park-lane, on Monday next. The Countess Fitz william had a dancing party last night at the family residence in Grosvenor-square. Viscount and Viscountess Doneraile entertained at dinner on Thursday evening the Marquis and Mar chioness of Waterford, Lord and Lady 'William Osborne, Lord and Lady Colchester, Lady Augusta Cadogan, Sir James and Lady Edith Fergusson, Hon. Mr. and Mrs. Fellewes, lion, Mrs. Rashleigh, Sir David Baird, Mr. Lennox Conyngham, and Captain Berkeley. Lord and Lady Stafford have arrived from Rome at Edwards's Royal Cambridge Hotel, George-street. Mr. and Lady Caroline Towneley gave a dinner party last evening at her ladyship's residence in Charle P - street, Berkeley-square. A small party a ssembled later in the evening. - - The Right lion. the Chancellor of the Exchequer and Mrs. and Miss Gladstone leave town tJ-day for Somer. setahire, for the Parliamentary recess. M. de Montgomery, the owner of La Toucques, the winner of the French Derby, has made a present of 25,0001. to the trainer and 5,0001. to the jockey. A sum of 12,000 f., given by the Steeplechase Company to the poor as the net proceeds of the day's run ning at Vincennes on the 9th has been divided as follows : —1,500 f. to each of the four communes of Joinville-le-Pont, St. Maurice, Fontenay, and Yencennes, and 3,000 f, each to 11th and 1203 arraditailmuts of brig, LITERATURE. The Strange Adventures of Captain Dangerous. By George Augustus Sala. Three vols. Tinsley Brothers. A pleasant writer is George Augustus Sala, And a delightful companion for a holiday excursion. With unflagging interest we have followed him " Twice Round the Clock" in his admirably graphic sketches of London life during the varying vicissitudes of the twenty-four hours. Guided by his facile pen we have made agreeable acquaintance with the " Men and Manners" of many lands. We must confess, however, that we prefer his companionship in his own familiar guise —in proprici persona. In the volumes now before us he appears in the habit of a buccaneering captain of the last century, " who," as the title-page re minds us, " was a soldier, a sailor, a merchant, a spy, a slave among the Moors, a Bashaw in the service of the Grand Turk, and died at last in his own house in Hanover-square." Adventures of every kind, perilous and perplexing, manifold and marvellous, as may be expected, abound in the narrative, and many of these adventures, wonderful as they are, are founded upon fact, and are the result, Mr. Sala tells us, of years of weary plodding and note-taking through books of travel, memoirs, acts of Parlia ment, and old newspapers. Among these true in cidents are the adventures of Arabella Greenfield, the Voyage Round the World in the Eighteenth Cen tury, the execution of Lord Lovat, and the account of a Christian's captivity among the Moors. While the history of Captain Dangerous, however, teems with curious and interesting information collected and compiled by an adept in the art, the manner and tone of the composition are not to our fancy. It is written in old-fashioned English, and to that we do not object; but the style is somewhat coarse, and the scenes and descriptions are not over-refined. It may be urged in extenuation that we should not expect to meet with refinement either of sentiment or of language in the life of an Adventurer of that bygone age. While we admit the reasonableness of such a suggestion, we must also take leave to declare that such an Adventurer as Captain Dangerous (interesting though his adventures may be) is not individually a companion to oar taste. The introductory chapter in which the author himself addresses us is, to our thinking, by far the most delightful in the whole work. What can be happier than the following remarks on FOREIGN TRAVEL AS IT WAS AND AS IT IS. There were no young novelists in those days to make a flying-trip to the Gaboon country to ascertain whether the stories told by former tourists about shooting gorillas were fibs or not. There were no English engineers, fresh from Great George-street, Westminster, writing home to the Athenceum to say that they had just opened a branch rail way up to Ephesus, and that (by the way) they had dia. , covered a prm..lmperial temple of Juno the day before yesterday. Unprotected females didn't venture in " un whisperables " into the depths of Norwegian forests; or, if they hazarded such undertakings their unprotectedness led them often to fall into cruel hands, and they never returned. A. great fuss used to be made, before the days of steam, about the "Fair Sophia," who undertook a journey from Turkey to discover her lover, Lord Bateman; but how long and wearisome was her travail before she reached his lordship's castle in Northumberland, and was informed by the "proud young porter" that he was just then " taking of his young bride in ?" Madame Cottin's Elisabeth,when she walked from Tobolsk to St. Petersburg to crave pardon for the exiles of Siberia; Sir Walter Scott's Jeanie Deans, when she tramped from Edinburgh to London on her errand of mercy, were justly regarded as heroines. But what were the achievements of those valorous young women when compared with the ladies who make tours round Monte Rosa; nay, for the matter of that, "all round the world F" 11 n'y a plus de Pyrenees. Nay, there are no .nore Andes, Himalayas, or Rocky Mountains. When the late Mr. Albert Smith wanted to change the attractions of his show, he calmly took a trip from Piccadilly to Hong Kong; it would have been better for him, poor dear fel low, had he remained at home. When her Majesty wanted to show the late Sultan of Turkey a slight act of civility, she sent Sir Charles Young out to Constantinople to invest Abdul Medjid with the Order of the Garter. Thirty years ago, it is possible the estimable King of Arms might have thought a mail-coach journey to York a somewhat serious expedition, yet he took the P. and 0. boat for Stamboul as blithely as though he were bound for a water-party at Greenwich. If an Emperor is to be crowned in Russia, or Prussia, or Crim Tartary, all the London newspapers despatch special correspondents to the scene of the pageant. Mr. Reuter will soon have completed his Overland Telegraph to China. At Liverpool they call New York " over the way." The Prince of Wales's travels in his nonage have made Telemachus a tortoise, and the young Anacharsis a stay-at-home. Married couples spend their honeymoon hippopotamus hunting in Abyssinia, or exploring the sources of the Nile. And the Traveller's Club are obliged to blackball nine-tenths of the candidates put up for election, because now-a-days almost every toler ably educated Englishman has travelled more than 600 miles in a straight direction from the British metropolis. The class of English travellers in former days, we read a little later on, Ns as composed mainly of merchants, buccaneers, spies, political adventurers, and religious refugees. The unhappy political dissensions which raged in this country from the time of the Great Rebellion to the acces sion of George the Third, and the infamous penal law against the Roman Catholics, periodically drove into banishment vast numbers of loyal gentlemen and their families, and ecclesiastics of the ancient faith, who expatriated themselves for conscience sake, or through dread of the bloody enact ments levelled at those who worshipped God as their fathers had done before them. The Irish and Scotch soldiers who took service under continental sovereigns sprinkled the army lists of Fiance, of Spain, and of Austria with O's and Macs. There was scarcely a European city without an Anglo- Saxon or Anglo-Celtic monastery or nunnery, and scarcely a seaport without a colony of British exiles cast upon foreign shores after the tempests of the Boyne, of Sheriff muir, of Preston, or of Culloden. When these refugees went abroad it was to remain for 10, for 20, for 30 years, or for life. The travelling of the present century ie spasmodic, that of the last century was chronic. We are sorry to find, from the conclusion of the Preface that Mr. Sala is ill in body and depressed in spirit. Such moments are not uncommon in the life of the literary man. "Chords that vibrate sweetest pleasure, Thrill with deepest notes of woe." His many readers and his many admirers will join with us in wishing Mr. Sala renewed health and fresh success in hie enterprising career. Taken upon Trust. By the author of "Recom mended to Mercy." 3 vols. Tinsley Brothers. This work is of a class which we have no desire to see " taken upon trust," or " recommended to mercy !" It is avowedly " a sensation novel," or at least it aspires to be of that character, but we confess that in turning over its pages we have ex perienced no " sensations" but those of disappoint ment ! The first chapter is entitled " After the Honeymoon," it might be entitled " After the Mur der," for a murder has been committed, and the coroner's inquest is being held. The wrong person is, of course, arrested. The plot is very involved, and very uninteresting; the characters are very nume rous, and most of them very disagreeable. In the preface the writer, defending the sensation novel, seems to imply that those who condemn Lady Audley's Secret, nevertheless take pleasure in un ravelling the thread of a narrative thus entangled. We can assure her, for our own part, that while we condemn the novel now before us, we have expe rienced in looking over it no pleasure whatever. THE ETTRICK SHEPHERD A SALMON-SPEARING• —ln the departed days of salmon-spearing, fine sport was often had in the small waters in the neighbour hood of the lake, and of this sport almost every shep herd and farmer was fond, and none more so than Hogg himself. Pike-spearing, in the shallow or breed ing-places in St. Alary's Loch, was also a sport occasion ally indulged in; and our friend, who has resided from infancy in the district, gave us an account of a ludicrous onslaught he made upon a large pike he was anxious to secure. He knew the haunt of the giant; and, on a day when the water of the lake was very clear, and well adapted for the sport, he got a shepherd to row the boat, and he was instructed to cause as light a ripple on the water as possible. The fish was lying in the place expected — by the side of a weed-bed, in pretty deep water. The spear was 14 feet in length ; and, certain that he could easily reach the fish wila it, he struck. But he had reckoned without his host, for he himself followed the spear head foremost, and entirely disappeared for some seconds: When he came to the surface he wildly caught hold of the boat, but found it impossible to enter without causing it to upset. On seeing this tha dull-brained oarsman cried out in a a wild accent, " Lord, maister, ye'll hae to drown 1" I t never occurred to him, until told, to give a stroke or two with the oars by which to bring the boat to the shore. The clearness of the water had caused the mishap; and when a stroke is made and the bottom not reached, the sportsman, of course, follows his instrnment in e, gre ham, —Once a /VOA