The Sun. — London, England, 1833-01-03 00:00:00

44 4 . power rate of duty after the 3d of March. But if it be the intention of Congress -so to extend the operation of the section, it is respectfully suggested that, as it .will in that case necessarily embrace goods upon which the duties must have been ac counted for and paid over to the Treasury, an ap propriation be made for repaylthe amount of such duties out of the Treasury: • " With a view to obtain reasohabld'etirtaitity in the financial operations of the Govermile"ni - ,' ttikitt,tite suggestion of the collectors as to the tierie . nWessary for the duties to be performed by them in "executing the lgth section, a regulation was adopted fixing the time to which goods might be deposited at the Ist of January next. It is, however, the intention of the department to extend the time, if it be found that the duties of the collectors will admit of it. The alteration in many of the rates of duty and the repeal of orhers, which have been effected by __* the late acts of Congress, seem to require some col• responding modifications of the provisions hereto fore made for ascertaining and securing the duties. But, as these details might be better brought to the attention of Congress in a separate communi cation, if such be its pleasure, that course will be adopted. In the exposition of the public debt, presented in this report, it has been assumed that the Three per Cents., advertised for reimbursement on the Ist of October last, have been actually paid, because the Treasury has provided ample funds at the dif ferent loan offices for that purpose, which, upon the presentation of the certificates, should have been applied to their payment. It has recently been understood, however, that, on the 18th of July last, the Bank of the United States, on the ground, as stated in the letter of instruction, " that the spread of the cholera might occasion great embarrassment and distress in the community, deemed it expedient for the Bank to keep itself in an attitude to afford re lief should its interposition be necessary, and also to mitigate the pressure which the reimbursement of the Three per Cent. Stock, 11,1 d by foreigners, might produce in October," and despatched an agent to London to make an arrangement with the house of Baring, Brothers, and Co., for the post ponement of three millions, for which they were the agents of that house, and also for two millions in addition. It had not, at that time, been decided by the Government at what period the whole of the Three per Cents, should be paid ; and the agent of the Bank was authorized to make an arrangement for a postponement for six, nine, or twelve months after that period—the Bank agreeing to pay the interest in the mean time. Under this general authority, the agent concluded, on the 22d of August, 1832,a contract with Messrs. Baring, Brothers, and Co., to buy up the Three per Cent. Stocks on the best terms at which they can be obtained both in London and Holland—the cost thereof to be placed to the debit of the Bank, and the certificates of the Stocks so purchased to re main with Messrs. Baring, Brothers, and Co. It was also stipulated, that, if the amount of Stock so pur chased and of that retained by the holders should, together, be less than five millions of dollars, Messrs. Baring, Brothers, and Co. should make up the deficiency in case the Bank should find it de sirable to draw for it or any part of it :--the whole advance to be reimbursed by the Bank in October, 1833. Purivant to this contract purchases of the Three per Cent. Stocks were actually made on ac count of the Bank to the amount of 1,474,827 dollars 33 cents. It is also understood that the Bank, by a letter from its President to Messrs. Baring, Brothers, and Co., dated the 15th of October; 1832, disavowed so much of the arrangement made by its agent as related to the purchase of the Stock, on the ground of that provision in the charter which declares that " the Bank shall not be at liberty to purchase any public debt whatever." In lieu of the stipulation in the contract in regard to the amount purchased, it was in the same letter proposed that the certifi cates should be transmitted without delay, that the Bank might receive payment for the owners, with out which it would not be in actual possession of the funds ; and that the stock being thus reimbursed to the stockholders, the amount should be passed to their credit on the books of the Bank, and they continue to receive an interest of three per cent., payable quarterly, until the Ist of October, 1833. It is supposed to be optional with Messrs. Ba ring, Brothers, and Co., and with the stockholders who have stipulated for a postponement of payment, to consent to the change proposed by the letter of the president of the Bank of the 15th of Oct., or to insist upon the performance of the original arrange ment ; and should they pursue the latter course the certificates cannot be finally surrendered before Oct. 1833. However this may be,and notwithstanding the Bank has disavowed the authority of the agent to purchase, it is certain that a delay for a consider able period of time has been, and must yet be, oc casioned in the surrender of the certificates of Stock to a large am cunt; and it is not perceived that therei any sufficient justification in the grounds of the transaction, as assumed by the Bank, for an ar rangement in any form by which so large an amount of the public funds should be retained by the Bank at the risk of the Government, after it had directed their application to the payment of the public credi tor. It is apparent, however, that the apprehension , arising out of the arrangements, as it is understood to have been concluded by the agent of the Bank, and of the consequences to which it might lead, more especially should the parties in Europe insist upon its fulfilment, not less than the great amount of the Bank's transactions, especially in its western branches, together with other matters connected with its dealings, which have occupied the at tention of one branch of the Legislature since the last autumnal report from this Depart ment, have tended to disturb the public con fidence in the management of the institution; and these, taken in connection with the necessary arrangements in anticipation of finally closing its business, have suggested an inquiry into the security of the Bank as the depository of the public funds. The obligation of the Government, however, in curred by the notice for the payment of the public debt in October and January at the several loan offices, rendered any change in this respect inexpe dient, —at least without such an examination into the actual condition of the Bank, as justice to the institution, not less than to the community at large, required. Such an examinaton as this department is authorized by the charter to make, has been di rected ; and it is submitted to the wisdom of Con gress to decide whether it shall be extended further. The Act of the 10th of May, 1830, which 'directs the annual report from the Secretary of the Treasury would seem also to require that he should, in that communication, give information to Congress of any matters, either existing or apprehended, which seri ously concerns the collection of the revenue. And in the discharge of that duty it is his painful task to advert to the measures now in agitation in the State of South Carolina, altogether to prevent, at an early day, the execution of the present revenue laws within that State. _ . M C- L Such steps as are authorized and required by law have already been taken to the due collection of the revenue. But, if the extraordinary measures which have been commenced by those exercising the authority in that State should be carried out to the extent which, unhappily, there seems to be too much to apprehend, it is clear that all the aids which the existing laws afford will be inadequate to that object. Until, however, those measures shall be further matured and more distinctiy and officially known to the Executive, it is deemed proper to abstain from more specific reference to the subject in this report; though its great importance and the deep solicitude which it has excited, have already lirected the attention of the Department to the re pihich that contingency may require. The notice of Congress is respectfully invited to thd'.accompariOig Report from the Commissioner of 'the , Geneitil Land Office, showing the transac tions in that -branch of the public , service during the present - year And exhibiting 'both its present condi. \,]k t :ion and the means deemed necc,sary by that officer 'or its proper and successful administration. All which is respectfully submitted. - LOUIS M'LANE, Secretary of Treasury. Treasury Department, Dec. 5, 1832. COURT CIRCULAR. Count Pozzo DI BORGO, the Russian Ambassador at he Court of Paris, arrived at the Clarendon Hotel last ,vening. His Excellency occupies an exten , ive em it, o f apartments, which have been recently furnished with much taste. The Turkish Minister was occupied for a considerable , ime yesterday at the Foreign-office. Several of the principal Foreign Ministers were engaged with Viscount PALMERSTON at the Foreign•office till a late `lour on Tuesday night. DOCTOR LUSHINGTON AND MR.HUME. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—The character assumed by Dr. Lushington, in icting his part at the late election for Middlesex, has fully leveloped the moral code of the Learned Civilian—a sort f head-contained volume of Russian ukases, so worded is ti bear the most convenient construction. Of this manifest truth let the electors of the Tower Hamlets nark the exemplification in the contrasted conduct of the Doctor towards Mr. Hume, late a candidate, and at pre sent Member for Middlesex, and Mr. Alarjoribanks, can- didate for Hythe. At a meeting of the Anti-Slavery Society, held on the 12th of May, 1832, Doctor Lushingto❑ recommended to the Society to support no man as a candidate for a seat in Parliament, who would not distinctly pledge himself to the immediate abolition of slavery in the colonies. His toords were, " Let them BIND DOWN every indivi dual whom they send to Parliament by the STRONGEST, the FULLEST, and the most EXPLICIT PLEDGE, that hey would vote for total and speedy aboli tion." On. the 24th of the ,same month, Mr. Fowell Buxton brought forward a motion on the subject in the House of Commons, to which Lord Althorp moved as an ‘mendment, that the measures adopted for the emancipa ion of the negroes should be in unison with those recom mend. d by Canning, and approved of by the House in 1823, which recognised the right of the planters to a fair and equitable remuneration. The amendment was carried by a considerable majority. The indignation cf the Anti- Slavery Society knew no bounds, and as they had threat. ened with the penalty of their displeasure, all who sup ported any departure from Mr. Buxton's motion, Mr. flume and Mr. Marjoribanks having voted for the amend ment, were amongst the number of the proscribed. Although Mr. Hume was well aware that his vote on that occasion had given offence to a few theoretical enthu siasts amongst the anti-slave party, he entertained no fears is to his claims to support, being cheerfully recognised by the Chairman of the Society, and those of that body to whom his horror of all slavery, white or black,was known,and who d ffered with him merely as to the means whereby the freedom of ALL might he safest, and best effected. His labours for twenty years, for the repeal of all laws affecting the civil and religious liberty of the Dissenters, Catholics, and others in this country,---his incessant watching over the interests of the people, and his many efforts to relieve their physi cal condition, and raise their moral feeling,—his struggles for Reform, Economy, Retrenchment—all felt, acknow ledged, lauded, by the Anti. Slavery Society itself, and re commended to others as an example worthy the imitation of all aspirants to the high honour of efficiently and effec tively serving their country, were surely more than suffi cient to justify his most sanguine expectations. To this might be added the consideration of the fact, that with he exception of Sir John Scott Lillie, none of the candi d rtes who offt red themselves for the representation of Middlesex, went half the length Mr. Hume did in advo cating the abolition of slavery. Consistently, then, with their own professions, if the abolitionists were not to sup- F ort Sir John, Mr. Hume was the only one for whom they could vote. The termination of the Middlesex contest, however, proved that the PRINCIPLE was not the real, though it teas made the ostensible ground of the opposition offered to the re.election of Mr. Hume by the Anti-Slavery So ciety. Not only did many of its members not vote for Jr.a Hume, but they actually voted plumpers for Mr. Byng, who neither divided with Mr. Buxton, nor recog nised the authority of the Society to exact the shadow of a pledge on that or any other question ! Of these, for the present I shall confine myself to the mention of Doctor Lushington, whose hypocrisy deserves to be exposed, now that he has pulled off the mask. That the Learned Doctor opposed the re-election of Mr. flume, not on account of his opinions o❑ the Slavery ques tion, is evident from the very fact, that his support was not given to Sir John Scott Lillie. Will the Doctor come forward and say that he was ignorant of the fact that Mr. Ilyng was not, and is not, an immediate abolitionist, or tio, he did not know that Mr. Byng was an hundred times more averse to the immediate abolition of slavery than Mr. Hume? But I promised to contrast the Doctor's conduct towards Mr. Hume with the part he took in the election of Mr. Marjoribanks, and to leave it to you and the electors of the Tower Hamlets to decide as to the sincerity of his state ments as they appeared in the Morning Advertiser of the 25th ult. It is a notorious fact that Dr. Lushington did all in his power to secure the election of slr. Marjoribanks for the boroughs of Hythe and Folkstone, though he is not an immediate abolitionist, and though he refused to give any pledge. In a letter of his to that gentleman, doted Merry Hill, Sept. 13, 1832, he says, " I ant truly sorry to find th it your opinions as to the abolition of slavery should have been so entirely misunderstood, which I can only attribute to want of knowledge of your past conduct and principles on this subject. It is true that on the division last Ses sion you nth NOT vote with Buxton ; but looking to the NATURE of the atoTroN, and all the circumstances attend. ing it, I believe that amongst them who voted with the Government, there were some, yourself amongst others, decided friends to the abolition. The principle which Buxton and myself have endeavoured to establish is the abolition of slavery at the earliest moment when it can be effected with safety to the slaves and the colonists." After this admission on the part of Dr. Lushington, what are the liberal public to think of the pious cant* that was resorted to by the Anti-Slavery Society, and, above all, by the Member for the Tower Hamlets him self; to ruin 3lr. Hume in the estimation of his consti tuents ? Or in what does the Doctor's opinion, as to the abolition of slavery, differ from that expressed by the Member for Middlesex at the various public meetings throughout the country, which he attended previous to his re-election ? Was Mr. Hume less warm in the cause of the negroes than Mr. Marjoribanks? Most assuredly not ; and that the Doctor knows as well as I do. Dr. Lushington has long been considered as a sort of " rara avis" amongst the Whigs—a stranger to diplo matic quibbling, and one whose stern notions of rectitude admitted of no mock fulfilments of promise or discharge of duty. Is there any thing in this conduct on the part of the Doctor, which evinces the presence or influence of a spirit superior to others in purity? Or rather, is it not calculated to make the very reverse of this impression on the public mind ? If Dr. Lushington would preserve his character with his constituents and the public at large, let him at once come manfully forward, and state the real motives by which he and his Whig colleagues were actuated in their opposition of Mr. Hume, at the late election. To refer to the letter to Mr. Gray, in the Morning Advertiser, is nonsense, or worse, for no person who has heard how the Doctor acted in respect to Mr. Marjoribanks, would believe a word of it ; indeed, the very mention of it, after the letter from Mr. Hume, that has appeared on the subject, would be more an injury than a good. In requesting, Sir, that you will have the goodness to give insertion to this letter in your respectable pages, allow me to impress on Dr. Lushington the injury he may do himself by declining or delaying to give a satisfactoty reason for his vote on the Middlesex election. It is more than suspected that a conspiracy for throwing Mr. Hume out of the county had been set on foot ; and it is desirable that the public should know by whom it was concocted. I remain, Sir, your most obedient Servant, London, Jan. 2, 1833. GRAY. LIFE IN INDIA, OR, THE EAST INDIA SKETCH BOOK.--" This amusing work gives the reader more insight into the Eastern World than many a la bowed and ponderous volume. The writer seems to be a military officer of experience, an accurate observer, a scholar, and a gentleman ; but we think that we discover that he is one whose visions of ambition have remained visions still. His style of composition is as various as the subjects of which he treats. The pictures of European India society do not give the reader a very high idea of the intellectual attainments of those who compose it, and we who have seen much of ' Oriental life' from the Corinthian capital to the base, can bear witness to the fide lity of the description. One good must result from the general perusal of the book—the disabusing the sanguine and over-heated imaginatiJns of our youth, who are too apt to form their notions of the East Indies by the lavish descriptions of luxury to be found in tales like those of the Arabian NigliP.' "...Met) op3litan Magazine, January. BELGIUM. ANTWERP, MONDAY EvENINU, DEC. 31. The last scene of the siege of the citadel of Antwerp is past. At 2 o'clock the French soldiers quitted it, and this day, the last of 1832, has been the first on which this celebrated fortress became the possession of the Bel gians, as a free and independent people. It has existed 250 years, and now it has at length become the property of the people in whose country it was erected as a cause of terror. At first " religious bigotry" laid the basis under the Government of Philip 11., King of Spain, and after many changes, it lastly found the support of " commercial bigotry" under William, King of Holland. The capture oit by the French army under Marshal Gerard, has added to the military renown of that nation ; for the only " Crown" to which their claim could be in the least doubted, was the mural one ; they have obtained it here, by carrying on the siege against only two bas tions. Yet to me their glory seemed pure, disinterested , and peaceful, when I saw to-day the soldiers surrender the gates and the body of the place to the Belgians. This act demonstrated that the French Government of the modern time can earn laurels and maintain good faith — the best encomium that can be bestowed on any nation. The appearance of the citadel itself is a heap of ruins; all the buildings are destroyed by the shells and by the re sults of the garrison's departure. To many it was during last week an object cf interest, yet to me it was most so when the Belgians entered it. I was present and s aw them enter into possession. The ground and the ramparts were ploughed up ; broken shells, cannon-bal:s, and wrecks of houses were scattered amidst walls devastated by fire. Yet the provision-store, through which I passed to Chasse's apartment, had received but one shell. There several hundred barrels of provisions, bread in abundance, and the pumps in the casemates were untouched. The chapel is a striking ruin ; nothing there is whole ; one re markable object was the broken headless statute of Dun Fernando de S .lis, erected over his grave in Spanish times. The inscription yet remains in that language. The apartment in which General Chasse lately lived was at one end of a casemate fronting the south, and not exposed much to the fire of the French. It is situate at the end of the provision -store, and near a pump, c,,,nsiderably lower than the other parts of the cita del. It is in the direction of the bastion Duque, and near the Scheldt. There was nothing of value remaining, yet some persons, in their eagerness, sought even a slight memorial of the spot in which the old Ge neral heard so many thousand shells bursting around him. I saw at the gate by the river, close to the Fort du Kiel, the last division of the Dutch take their departure yester day morning, at 8 o'clock, from the scene of their exploit. They looked in general strong healthful young men, of about 22 or 25, intermixed with some old soldiers. The sailors taken in the 'fete de Flandres, after the burning of their gun-boats, followed, singing ship ditties. After an interval of an hour, the trunks of General Chasse and of his staff were brought out, and placed in three carriages: then came the old General himself, with his officers. The French Guards stationed where the coaches were waiting near the gate instantly presented arms. Another party drove away about a hunched spec tators. The carriages passed on through the village of St. Laurent. In the first, an old-fiashioned postchaise sat General Chasse and Colonel de Boer ; it passed close to where I stood. I SAW the old General, calm and se • rene ; his age, his intrepidity, and his fidelity created for him respect in my eyes. I forgot for a moment the in tolerance of his master, and although none said " God bless him," or the contrary, all were pleased to see him leave the citadel. I took off lIIf hat; an Englishman in my company did the same ; the old man saw us, and re turned the salutation, the only one I saw him receive from the spectators. The prisoners and he passed to Burcht, and from thence to sleep a league on this side of Ghent. Captain Koopin in, who is now treated as the other pri soners, accompanied him in another carriage. The French are all to quit this neighbourhood to•mor row. General Seb istiani's division to be replaced in Doel by six battalions of Belgians. The Dutch troops in Liefkenshoek, and the sailors on board tile ships there, are expected to make an immediate attempt to cut dikes there order to inundate that district. This must produce a collision. A Belgian division under General Daine, the General who ran away last year from Hasselt, is to take the posi tion o❑ on the right bank of the Scheldt now occupied by the French General Achard. As yet nothing indicates peace : on the contrary, a movement seems apprehended by the Prince of Orange. It is presumed that it will, as usual, be too late. The weather is cold and frosty ; perhaps the ice will _ _ _ soon allow the attack of Liefkenshoek and Lillo. Yet one may ask if the Belgians can do so, as the armistice may be supposed to subsist still between them and the King of Holland. Ail is still doubt, and, we may add danger. TUESDAY, JAN. 1. This is indeed a day of rejoicing in this city ; Chasse mid his repeated threats of bombardment kept Antwerp during 15 months in continual alarm ; be and his soldiers are gone, and the inhabitnnts are delighted. This day the bells and chimes have been rung, and this night an illumination is also to take place. The only want now is the opening of the Scheldt. The Dutch fleet remains near the Belgian village of Doel, which the Dutch are exceedingly desirous of inundating, in order to throw obstacles in the way of an attack on the fortress of Lief kenshotk. There are six battalions of the Belgian troops stationed there now in the position of the French divison under General Sebastiani ; yet there are apprehensions that another attack, such as that of the 23d ult., will be attempted, and bring about hostilities be •ween the two countries. The attack is expected from the Dutch. Diplomacy has now again to labour to persuade the King of Holland to accept peace on just terms. The at tempt will, it is feared, be still useless. The lesson he has received by the taking cf the citadel appears to be thrown away. Judging from the chicanery of the speech of the Dutch Foreign Minister, delivered on the 10th ult., there is no probability of his accepting the award of Europe, as specified in the 21 articles. This speech is an able pro duction,—specious like a lawyer's speech.—on one side only. Its arguments are not based on natural or positive justice ; its object is to encourage the Dutch in their re solution not to accept those articles, and at the same time to sow dissension among the Powers. The spirit which animates the Dutch King towards Belgium has been illustrated in the vindictive destruction effected by the garrison of all the articles in the citadel, except the mere materiel of war. The soldiers, like the sailors in the gun-boats, were determined that the Bel gians should profit of nothing which they could destroy consistently with the capitulation. The Dutch wounded in the hospitals here are treated with the same kindness as the French. Marshal Gerard, who takes his departure to-day, and ail the remaining regiments go to-morrow, has visited the hospitals fre quently, and consoled all the soldiers, as a good General ought. Colonel Gomoen, who came as a volunteer front Holland to the citadel on the 7th of December, having been dangerously wounded during the siege, was removed to the military hospital of this city, where he died last week. His body has been sent by water to Bergen-op• Zoom, to be interred in his own country. The Austrian brig which is to open the Scheldt remains still in the river : I saw it there at 2 o'clock. The Austrian Consul applied last week, as I understand, at the Hague, for leave for it to sail out, but no answer has been received as yet. If the Dutch recommence their inundations, and if they persist in keeping the Scheldt closed, the Bigians will, as some contend, be justified in preparing actively for, if not actually making, war. If the attack be by the line of the Mouse, as contemplated, to shut up the Rhine near Nitneguen, Prussia will, it is apprehended, in terfere, and then must all Europe be embroiled by the refusal of toe Dutch to make peace. They are afraid of a frost now, and wish to procrastinate the settlement until spring. In the newspaper which I remit* you will find Chasse's account of the siege, which is rather curious, as contrasted with the accounts from hence published during the siege by the Conservative papers of London. 4 O'CLOCK. There is a cannonade going on towards Duel where the Belgians are taking their positions. Two Belgia❑ regi ments have arrived in Antwerp. They are better looking than the French or Dutch, clean and comfortably clad, and well equipped. They have made a long march from Louvain and Wavre to-day. K. BRUSSELS, TUESDAY MOANING, JAN. The Belgian revolution of 1830 is now nearly com pleted. The fig of William of Holland floats over only two small forts, which, properly speaking, should be un der Belgian col,urs. As far as the intervention of France and England is concerned, the affair of the citadel of Antwerp is at an end. At noon of yesterday the French authorities gave up to the Belgians whatever their shot and shells had left of that fortress, and certainly there is not a foot of ground in it (buildings, except the magazine, no longer exist) which does not attest their prowess. A detachment of the Garde Civique of the contingent * The down:2l du Commerce d' Anvers, dated the 2d ofJan, but we have not room to-day for the account:: contained in it. of Mons, Tournay, Ath, &c., marched up to the burnt arsenal at eleven o'clock, and on being- admitted, sent, after a short delay, their sentinels to relieve those of the French. By noon the whole were relieved, and soon after the French marched out, thus giving the lie to the thou sand calumnies which were sent from this against them. If it were not that the interest of the whole affair has now, in a great measure, gone by, it might be worth while to recapitulate the predictions which were made here and in London as to the siege of Antwerp, but leaving the detail, which would be too voluminous, I shall con tent myself with a very few points, and I do so because they were flatly contradicted as they arose by the corre spondence from Antwerp and from this place to you. First, we were told that the French army would not march at all—that France and England were afraid of provoking the Northern Powers and the Germanic Confederation ; next, that the first step the French made across their fron tier would be the signal for the approach of the Prussians from the other side, followed by Germans, Austrians, Rus sians, &c. ; then, that if the French approached the cita del, their first shot against it would be followed by a movement of the Prince of Orange for its relief; and, lastly, that if the French should take it (which was very doubtful) they would keep it, not for the Belgians, hut for themselves, preserving, at the same time, such a force in Belgium as would be sufficient to secure that country as an appanage to France. How well founded all those pieces of accurate intelligence have b en is now proved. The French marched,—thePrussians were quiet— the citadel was attacked—the Prince of Orange did not move. The citadel has been taken—the Belgians have it in possession, and the whole of the French army is now on its way home. So much for correct intelligence—so much for news derived from " the best informed circles," here and at Antwerp! What is to be said of the 7,000 French troops which were (according to the Ilandelsblad and some London morning and evening papers) buried in the trenches, I cannot tell until the ground occupied by those trenches again reverts to agriculture—the digging up of the ground must show. To come to facts, however, time French are on their way home. The 6th (Belgian) Regiment of the Line went off yesterday morning, accompanied by a large detachment of the Garde Civique Mobilisee of Louvain, to relieve the troops of General Sebastiani on the dikes of the Scheldt; and you will observe from the statement of the Minister of War, in the subjoined extracts from the papers here, that the Bel gian force is to be, numerically at least, and I hope effec tively, as great as that of the French, which it is about to replace. General Daine will command the force at the left bank of the Scheldt. Probably, but of this I am not informed on any authority on which I could ask you to rely, General Desprez will supply the place of the French General Achard on the right bank. There are many persons here, and those well informed too, who think that the Dutch troeps only wait for the removal of the French in order to make an irruption across the frontier, and to lay a still larger portion of the country under water. As they will consider this only as a measure of precaution, and as one side of the dikes belongs to them, they may expect that the act will not he regarded as one of hostility ; but., nevertheless, it is likely to give rise to some sharp skirmish ing, and probably to something more between them and the Belgian troops. It is perfectly certain, as I mentioned in a former letter, that the will is not wantitig at either side; and that though it is probable the Dutch will be the aggressors, neither party will weigh the cases belli in a very nice scale. The French, as I have said above, hive finished the affair of the citadel; but the Scheldt is still closed to the commerce of Antwerp. That, however, though it is strongly felt by the commercial people of Belgium, is looked upon not so much as a question between Belgium and Holland as between Holland and the other commer cial states of Europe. It is not on that ground alone that hostilities are likely to arise between the rival Powers, though it would be an ingredient in the quarrel ; but there are so many other inducements at both sides to come into angry collision that I have not met a man here who does not look out for fresh hostilities before a month. I hope they may be mistaken, but I own that from all I hear and see I do not think these fears unfounded ; however, one short month will tell. The following are the only thi❑gs worth notice in the papers of Sunday and Monday : (From the Emancipation.) The Chamber of Representatives adopted only the first part of AI. Gendebien's proposition—that expressive of the nation's gratitude to the French army, which has on two occasions been its liberator. --- The second part of his proposition, being for the removal of the monument at Waterloo, was rejected. In the Senate Chamber, Count Robiano moved that a sword of honour should be pt esented to Marshal Gerard as a token of gratitude from the Belgian people to the French army. There is every reason to suppose that the Senate will prefer adopting the resolution which the Cha mber of Representatives has passed up to it on the same subject. The budget was adopted without any amend ment, by a majority of 33 to 4. The Government has received a letter from the King of Sardinia, announcing to the King of the Belgians the marriage of his daughter with the King of Naples. Also a letter from the Regency of Greece, acquainting King Leopold with the accession of Otho I. to the throne of that country. His Majesty arrived in Brussels from Antwerp last night. Marshal Gerard is expected here to-morrow. The King and Queen will receive on New year's-day the deputation appointed to present them with the congra tulation of the Chamber of Representatives. It has been stated by several journals that the Dutch pri soners will pass through Ghent. We can assure our readers that the first column will sleep to night within a league of Ghent, and will move on to-morrow morning for France without entering that city. Some of the mails belonging to the French head-quarters at rived yesterday at the Brussels Bank, from which they received a considerable portion of the French military chest. The 3d division of the French army, under General Jarnin, consisting of the 19th Light Infantry and the 18th of the Line, forming General Zoepfel's brigade, and the 52d and 58th of the Line, General George's brigade, will pass throu,4h Brussels this day and to-morrow for France, by Nivelles. The head-quarters of the Belgian army will be removed i❑ a few days from Lierre to Brussels. The Journal de Luxemburg of the 26th of Dec. gives an account of the arrest, by a Prussian patrol, of five Belgian revenue officers, who had passed the boundaries in pursuit of a vehicle laden with French sugar. As they appeared, on examination, to be ignorant of the exact line of boundary, they were released after a short detention. (Extract from the Antwerp papers of the 29th.) At 6 o'clock this morning 2,500 of the Dutch garrison, including General Favange, set out on their march for Dun kirk, under a French escort. In all probability they will be followed to-morrow by the remainder of the garrison. The Dutch Colonel Gumoens died last night at the military hospital. This distinguished officer, whilst going his rounds in the citadel on the 22d of December, received nine wounds by the explosion of a single shell. Captain Koopman still remains at Berchem. The strict surveillance that has hitherto been kept over him is in some degree relaxed, and a better lodging has been assigned to him. The sailors who, after having destroyed their gun boats, had retired to the 'Fete de Flandres, were conveyed this morning to the citadel. There is ❑o truth in the report of the grand flag of the citadel, nor of the Admiral's, having been sent as trophies to Paris ; these, together with all the flags, both of the citadel and the fleet, except that of the 10th Regiment, were burnt by the Dutch. Marshal Gerard is here, and is not expected to leave till to-morrow. (The following is from the second edition of the Liberal.) BERCHEM, SUNDAY, HALF-PAST 11. A detachment of Dutch prisoners has left to-day, but the whole garrison will not have evacuated the citadel be fore to .morrow. The Belgian forces will then take pos session of it. General Chasse quitted the fortress at 9 o'clock. On the road he met Colonel Godard, with whorls he entered into conversation. He ordered everything that he owed in Antwerp to. be paid. General Daine's division, which is now stationed at Terveuren, will arrive to-morrow, and take up canton ments in the vicinity of Antwerp. (From the Independant, dated Jan. 1.) The Senate adopted yesterday the projet for an address of thanks from the nation to the French army ; and also resolved that a sword of honour should be presented to Marshal Gerard. In the course of the brief discussion on the extraordinary gr ant to the Minister of War for the service of the army, the condition of the inhabitants of the ploders near forts Lillo and Liefkenshoek being alluded to, that Minister sta ted " that he would direct to those parts a force equal to that which the French had stationed there." In fact, six battalions are immediately to cross the Scheldt, and go into cantonments at Beveren, Calloo, and the neighbourhood. The inhabitants of Doel may therefore rest assured, that if the Dutch renew their attempt upon that point, another 23 , 1 will await them. (From the Eni incipation, dated Jan. 1.) The Nureinburg Correspondent states, in its Berlin column, that neither Prussia nor Russia will send Ambassa dors to Brussels till the differences between Holland and Belgium are terminated. The precautions taken yesterday by the municipal au thorities of Ghent to protect the first column of Dutch prisoners from insult, during their march through the vicinity of the town were unnecessary : there was not the slightest indication of tumult. The second corps of prisoners left the citadel yesterday, and will pursue the same road as the first. Marshal Gerard assured the two Dutch Generals that they were at liberty to chose any mode of conveyance they thought proper. Before leaving Antwerp, King Leopold visited the hospital and distributed decorations among the wounded, Several French officers of the medical staff have gone to Louvain to provide the means of transporting the sick and the wounded from the hospital of that city to France. Orders have been issued from the War-office to the sth Regiment of Infantry, now in Brussels, to join the 7th division of the army at Antwerp, which is to be commanded by Colonel Buzen, whose promotion to the rank of General is daily expected. The 4th divi sion, under General Daine, will replace General Achard's corps on the right bank of the Scheldt, occupying the roads of Breda and Eindhoven. It is not yet known what regiment will relieve General Sebastiani's division on the left bank ; the change will, however, take place to-morrow. By a letter from Flushing, dated the 26th instant, it appears that in the affair of the 23d, near Liefkenshoek, the Dutch had 11 killed and 48 wounded. Among the former were Lieutenants Menzo and Paravicini di Capelli, and among the latter, Lieutenant Jacobs, of the navy, and Major Bnele. (From the Evening Edition of the Liberal.) BERCHEM, DEC. 31, 6 A. 31. General Chasse proceeded with the second convoy of Dutch prisoners. He rode in a carriage drawn by post horses, and was accompanied by some superior Dutch officeri, among whom was Captain Koopmsn, whose sword had been returned to him, Lieut.-Colonel Deboerque, who was reported to have been severely wounded, and the Commanders of engineers and artillery. They were an in full uniform; Captain Kooprnan wore several orders, and General Chasse was decorated with the grand cross of William, lately presented to him by his Sovereign. It was remarked that a great many Dutch officers were deco rated with the Legion of Honour ; the French officers recognised several who had served with them in the Russian and German campaigns. The Dutch took a considerable quantity of baggage with them, and were at tended by a numerous body of suttlers. They had like wise about 100 dogs with them. The prisoners experienced no molestation or insult from le crowds that flocked to witness their departure. Yesterday at noon the French gave up the 'fete de Flandres to the Belgians. At the same hour to-day, pro bably, the Belgians will take possession of the citadel, and the other forts, BRUSSELS, DEC. 31. The 4th battalion of the sth infantry will remain here in garrison till the 3d of January. The 52d French Re giment of the line has just arrived. The Minister of War will set out this evening for Antwerp. TUESDAY EVENING, JAN. 1. There is nothing new here. Everybody connected with the army, or brought here by the siege, is moving home ward, as I shall be when this is sent off. The enclosed, by the negligence of the messenger, came too late for the despatch of this morning. The following are the only things i❑ the papers of this clay worth extracting. The Order of the Day and the ac count of the materiel in the citadel will not be without some interest : ARMY OF THE NORTH.-ORDER OF THE DAY, " HEAD -QUARTERS, DEC. 31, 1532. Marshal Gerard feels it his duty to convey to the army the testimony of the King's approbation, on the capture of the citadel of Antwerp. He is also anxious to express his own acknowledgments on the occasion, —for what else can he feel for soldiers so brave and devoted ? If Government approves what we have done, we are rewarded in the satisfaction of having served France, and merited the esteem of our country. Since the formation of the Army of the North, the good order, conduct, and discipline of the sol. diers have supported its reputation both abroad and at home. In the first expedition, which took place last year in Belgium to aid our ally, the rapidity of our march and the promptitude of the result showed what French sol diers could do before an enemy. This year the Dutch expected us at Antwerp, and the army has shown that it knows how to unite courage and perseverance, and that it can brave dangers and endure privations and fatigues. The obstinate resistance of the enemy behind their fosses and their walls detained the soldiers 24 days and 25 nights in the trenches, in rain, cold, and mud, engaged in the works, in continual danger from the fire of the works. Yet the sappers and miners, the artillery and infantry, never for a day—never for ,an instant, ceased to show themselves good-humoured, obedient, courageous, and un daunted. In this memorable siege there have been opened 14,000 metres (about 45,000 English feet) of trenches. There have been fired 63,000 cannon-balls by our Artillery. We have taken, by the capitulation, an enemy of 5,000 men of all arms, of whom ISS are of ficers. We have had 687 wounded and 108 killed. [The Emancipation, in its copy of this order, states, evidently by an error of the press, the killed 608, and makes no mention of wounded.] "The soldiers of all ranks have done their duty. The me dical department has given proofs of its skill and zeal. The soldiers, whether in camp or bivouack, or in doing double and treble duty, have never murmured. The wounded have given proofs of great fortitude. The Marshal the Commander-in-Chief cannot notice this admirable conduct without stating it to the whole army, and, as it were, to own rewards whole to army, meritorious,who his shall a h l h n ed, pointed distribute ou t by , with own by their officers. " In making this promise the Marshal knows that he expresses the personal feelings of his Mijesty. This pro mise will not be made in vain. _ " ST. CYR NUGUES." INVENTORY OF THE MATERIEL OF TILE CITADEL. Cannon 24 pounders l2 -- 18 ditto ll -- 12 ditto 2l ------ 6 ditto 3l Howitzers of 20 centimetres 9 A ----- 15 ditto Mortars of 12 incises - 8 ditto 4 29 centimetres 5 -- 20 ditto 4 13 ditto 3l Cohorns (13 in metal) 3 Swivell guns 2 Total Of the foregoing there were 10 at the Tete de Flandres. PROJECTILES, POWDER, ROCKETS, &C., EXISTING IN THE MAGAZINES OF THE CITADEL. Bullets of 24:b., 2,008 ; howiivrs of 20 centimetres, 1,400 ; howitzers of 15 ditto, 1,700 ; bombs of 12 ditto, 2,200 ; bombs of 29 ditto, 1,500 ; grenades charged, 3,500 ; cannon powder in barrels, 73,190 kilograms, or 146,38010. English ; 450 kilograms sporting powder; cartridges for infantry, 1,200,000 ; cartridges for bullets of 61b. 500 ; cannon cartridges, of 24 1 b. 120 ; ditto of 1810. 370 ; ditto of 1210. 350 ; ditto of 61b. 140 ; chests of bullets of 241 b. 400 ; ditto of 181 b. 76 ; ditto of 1210. 660 ; ditto of 61b. 1,000. Fire-rockets in 826 barrels, 4,100 kilograms ; saltpetre, 80 kilograms ; material for fire balls, 330 ; hand grenades, 2,072 ; ditto for fusees 50 ; ditto for matches, 50 ; fusees charged, of 29 centimetres, 190 ; of 20 centimentres,l2B ; of 15 centimetres, 1,104, for 13 ditto, 626 ; matches finished, 67,380 ; ditto 18,480 ; fire balls of 29 centime tres, 32 ; of 20 ditto, 55 ; of 18 ditto, 50 ; balls-a main, 1,029 ; ditto, 60; ditto, 20 ; ditto, 92 ; ditto, 240. (From the Independant.) ANTWERP, DEC. 31. To-day some companies of the sth of the Line have taken possession of the forts of the left bank of the Scheldt, relieving the French troops. The 6th Regiment of the (Belgian) Line marched off this morning, at seven o'clock, for Eastern Flanders. It will cross the Scheldt at Burgbt. Its bead-quarters will be at Calm. These troops will occupy St. Marie, Perle, and all the works erected by the French since their arrival in this country. It is said that the sth Regi ment, in garrison at Brussels, will also march to Eastern Fanders. (They have already set out for that destination.) There remains at Antwerp at this moment only the Garde Civique of Hainault, to do the duty of the place. The municipality of the city, accompanied by the mi litary cotnroand int of the province and some officers of engineers, took possession of the citadel this morning, and relieved the French troops stationed there. An officer of engineers who visited the citadel has as sured me that the garrison had provisions, and that the pumps and the casemates were not injured. This officer does not think that it was the want of water or the state of the casemates which induced the commandant to sur render. He surrendered to avoid an assault. It now ap pears that he could not place any great reliance on his troops. W, FRENCH PAPERS. ( From the Monitenr of Tuesday Jan. 1.) PARIS, DEC. 31. OFFICIAL PART—ROYAL ORDNANCE. Louis Philip, &c. We have ordaintel : " Art. I.—Count d'Argout, peer of France, is appointed Minister of the Interior and Ecclesiastical Affairs ( Cultes). " Art. 2.—M. Thiers, member of the Chamber of De puties, is appointed Minister of Commerce and Public Works. " Art. 3. —The attributions of the Minister of the Inte rior and of the Minister of Commerce and Public Works are re-established such as they were on the 10th of October last ; nevertheless no change is made in our Ordnance of the 11 th of Oct., 1832, relative to the department of Public Instruction. "Art. 4.—Our President of the Council, Minister of War, is charged with the execution of the present Ordnance. " LOUIS PHILIP. " Palace of the Tuileries, Dec. el." By the King. The President of the Council, Minister at War, The DUKE OF DALMATIA. NON OFFICIAL PART. Rams, DEC. 31.—The garrison taken in the citadel of Antwerp by the French army is brought to France. Is it as hostages? Is it as prisoners of war ? The attack made on the Lower Scheldt against a corps of the French army, at the very moment when General Chasse asked to capitulate, the refusal to surrender the forts of Lido and Liefkenshoek, the subsequent refusal of the garrison to return to Holland on its parole not to rise against France or its allies till after the conclusion of the arrangements between Belgium and Holland would be sufficient to ex plain the term prisoners of war, unless we should invent for the occasion the new name of prisoners of peace. At ail events, it is a useful pledge of conciliation at a moment when the negotiations with Hollland are going to be ..renewed. It was not for France to disband this glyrison. It was not possible to send it home unless with the reserve of a parole of honour,.which is always asked and given under such circumstances. The Dutch garrison now remains as a new pledge of conciliation. The justice which has been done to its courage by the army itself, to which it has, however, caused sensible an swers before-hand for the attention with which it will be treated, In choosing this situation, it has in its turn done homage to the French character; for it knew before hand what pains the Government would take to make it bear without regret its stay among us. The army has just acquired a new pledge of peace. If the apparatus of war was necessary to prove that there was peace, the incredulous parties which fermented alarms in the interior of the country, if a day of glory was necessary to dispel the notions of war, which might exist in the minds of some restless am bitious parties abroad, France now knows what it may expect from its army ; Europe knows that it may give credit to the probity of France. Henceforth, all par ties may believe in peace, and all must desire it. In a mi litary and political view, the siege of Antwerp will be me morable. Let us examine it under this two-fold point of view, without, however, impairing the visible simplicity of the bulletins which compose the whole history of it. In a word, our army has met with all kinds of success It ad vances almost uncertain of the number of the enemies that will come to meet it, of the nature of the war that is going to commence. How many times, indeed, did it not hear that a general war awaited it beyond the frontier, that it was but an advanced guard, put forward at random, to meet unknown dangers? But its courage neither braves nor fears so much glory. There is still enough about the ci tadel, where obstacles of all kinds have to be overcome chiefly g pacifi c c circl e of error of has not which r hop e on resist of sion wit; solv e d of prose, we have Hit was he evide will it, lie see n ? attacking integrit Y to .0 I before the enemy ; the ground, the season, the di advan- 1 ,. marsh ; tage of the position, circumscribort by humanity, diffi_ialt .;`'ng o f ti trials, which defy the science of the engineers, the bra - "° P°ld a t very of the artillery, the impatience of the soldier. Why these delays ?Itis to spare blood. Why this attack 1 , 4 , 15, concentrated on one point? It is to preserve a city. WiiY that th e this inaction before a frontier, beyond which it sees a law telat: `: (l'etrangei) foreign army ? It is to avoid a conflict, .ravven ha which would become the signal of a general conflagration. 43 Prob abli The foresight of the Government has calculated every l'egard to thing ; the prudence of the General knew how to keep Their di on . every thing in bounds ; the discipline of the soldiers ac- m ares, commodates itself to every thing, because he places itn- eein pause confidence in the honour of his commanders. 1 0 he understands times and events, because he :.is I real patriotism, and the patriotism of the soldier . obedience. Lastly, when the day for the assault came, a capitulation being asked for, deprives him of the honour and the den ger, he does not complain of it, for humanity rejoices at itl the basis and such is the character of the age, that the spirit of civilize' roe chisio Lion has introduced itselfas well among the tumults of war, are said as the storms of liberty. Force stops of itself when it publish t`jl, is no longer opposed: tee the people on the 30th of July--- NOjwitht see the army in the breach of Antwerp. However, an in- 1 ) , l " ai pintn " excusable attempt was violently derogated at the moment 'rer th e of the capitulation from this salutary policy. We Lave 41 th e Rea received the account of the attack made on the Lower Scheldt, and we do not know which to be most astonished A rt Pri at—the imprudence of this diversion, or the valour o f tuna 600 men, who, with their bayonets, triumph over 2,000 th e ue att e as t t adversaries provided with a powerful artillery. We may remark that the Dutch troops engaged in this enterprise as tb e " e 2 3 came from the province of Flushing some days before, and Whi c h 47 , 0 consequently that their object was to succour the citadel, appoimtelle and, at the same time, to cut the dike of Doel, to inundate Collet d'l the country, and thus endanger the French corps of ob' ti loreo ver 4 servation at that point. This, therefore, was not only Coo, ni hostility against the Belgians, but against the French , lincl P 1 , 1? Happily, our troops preserved the Dutch from the conse. the 10 , 1)11 quences of this perverse attack, by completely routing I n th e 0 ~`" them. ape__ pro, ‘3l4 g It is evident that less than this—especially taking into The account the refusal to deliver up Lillo and Liefkenshoek-' follo w i t r was sufficient to justify the conditions imposed by the ca' ° ldy pitulation in the garrison of the citadel, to suf peaee ° l i render as prisoners of war. Besides , a breach ha d eer y is 01 r already been made practicable in the bastion of To' Pr oeure.i t t ledo, by the fire of th e Fr ench artillery. All the the heed ii internal defences of the citadel had been destroyed, the diff ecent vY magazines of provisions burnt , and all the arms destroyed Di Partai ent W the bombs. In this situation the garrison could do no - , night, a thing but capitulate and surrender at discretion. It bad °tared supported the siege as far as it was possible, and in al Will so to n honourable manner Marshal Gerard readily acknowledged teen ei n r this. It was, therefore, a necessary consequence of Th e re , un defence, and the impossibility of prolonging it. Renee i 4 u: Another much to be regretted accident, the burning id that o i t ,, r°ll 13 Dutch vessels, voluntarily destroyed by their colt'', ~P r inee inander, has cast a gloomy colouring over this day d` success. Such was not the example given by the French Vienna, army, when the Marshal sent a complete supply of roe' said to t dicine to the besieged garrison. In our times arnoo, l arign e ii civilized people it is difficult to understand these acts of ‘ 1 destruction, without object, without result, without horror' I ,:ornen se This kind of war is an anachronism. We willingly be' • - 'harle si v , lieve that the Dutch Government will blame the employ' * r,ttnily at went of it. er a w e. In a political point of view the expedition to Antwed *liv ered h i will have great influence; it manifests to the whole worl d is resident P u u r b s ii the disinterestedness of the revolution of July, and certain ly u nobody is any longer allowed to attribute th 4 disintereste4; ersai j nese to weakness, to timidity. The power of our arms w bi ci proved,—the firmness of our policy is demonstrated' The 4, Strong in its good faith, the French Governmentfire E rn ' in concert with an Allied Power, took a resolutiool!putetiPeo: in which the other Powers refused to concur, ofllln t o ez even to assent to it. it f oresaw, and it aeceptall! the S e all the consequences of th is state of things. A trPd t l u r the ei had been signed by the Five Great Powers ; the na il " pro inis , exe cution of this treaty left the interesta of all in suelttrtne need ` pense; it was necessary to come to an end. France bO'tffieei t, not been wanting to herself she has not been wanting 0 1 . ° 4 of th. , what she owed to a friendly and generous nation whit it eXte i ; e xpected the effect of the engagement that Europe nO prese nt contracted with it. England, like France, thought beiritthesai ar self bound by her signature, and jointly responsibllg fn t h e w ith us. Consistent with th emse l ves th e se two Power" i th con hive intended in action what they ev intended in writing d " , ho w The capitulation of A n t werp i s a real protocol whiel34:4tduct in nobody will doubt. Generous bloodshed has sealed itr Past er i t this blood attests th e fid e li t y o f F ra nce to its words ao °ll4fr, an to its friends. Th e concert o f G rea t B r it a in with Franc i !,, l 7l l. 'ma tes , to obtain a resu l t d es i re d b y a ll na ti on s, and by whidl'e even the Governments that retused to join in it will proOtit titary b y This honourable concert was established by the tipioP 4 ,l : 1 1 f r th the two squadrons destined to abet up the porta of 1 - 10110jb e ,. thi s so t T• by the emb argo , s i mu l taneo u s ly laid in England O France, on D utc h vesse l s and the prizes taken at sea. „iiht' Ohs will continue to animate the spirit of the two 6 j - e - st ,q Inn tt vernments in the last negotiations which are goillf 1,„ to complete and to consolidate the results of tli,l a1' ,100 4- n lran c, pedition to Antwerp. It will be seep what France al, "C. the 8, England unit e d can effect. This union, too, does not exist oo k y rf an . between thu two Governments, but there is between t" bcet Y nr an two people a sympathy quite new in history, but whi c inera e s o for d gives a new face to political affairs. Their manner, 11 4 , awe , :se their interests, approach nearer to each other in coo' o , qin :: (pence of their institution. Thus we see what a ca eca t ' , i f er, fortuity there is in the electoral movement in the t o esm cd t he countries; in both there is the same tendency, the w! orro , eeu tt : or success in favour of the principles of moderation and ' of A. Ai t 'on provement against the passions of a subversive paitY the obstinacy of a retrograde party. Believe, theov, rib ""al c alliances thus founded on the nature of things. Era