The Sun. — London, England, 1864-08-20 00:00:00

-- MR. ALFRED MELLON'S CONCERTS EVERY EVENING, at Eight. ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA HOUSE, COVENT-GARDEN. THIS EVENING, Mdlle. Carlotta Patti, Aidlle. Krebs ; Mr. Levy, Mr. J. Winterbottom, Mr. T. Harper, Mr. Patey, and Ali Ben Sou-alle. BAND OF ONE HUNDRED PERFORMERS. On Thursday next, Ang. 25, a Beethoven Night. In consequence of the great number of visitors unable to obtain admission on the oc2asion of the Mendelssohu Night, it will be repeated, due notice of which will be given. Conductor, Mr. ALFRED MELLON. Promenade, Amphitheatre Stalls. and Amphitheatre, One 13hii1iug ; Dress Circle, 28. Ed. ; Private Boxes, £1 Is. and 10s, ed. The Box Office is open from 10 till 5. To-morrow, Saturday, the Second Volunteer Night. --- ROY AL PRINCESS'S TH EATRE.--. Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Geo. Vining. THIS EVHNLNG, BORN TO GOOD LUCK. paddy O'Rairerty, Mr. Dominick Murray. Atter which, THE STREETS OF LONDON. Messrs. Yining, J. W. Ray, D. Fi her. D. Murray, J. Nelson, It. Forrester. H. Mellon ; Mrs. Henry Marston, Mi s s Emma Barnett, and Miss FAnuy Uwynne. NEW THEATRE-RO YAL, &,le Proprietor and Manager. Ntr. B. Webste. THIS EVENING, MY WIFE'S MAID. lessrs. .1 - , L. Toole, P. Bedford, R. Phillips, and Mr . Alfred Mellon. After which, MASKS AND FACES. Messrs. B. Mrs. WO Stirlin ster , I'. Bedford, It. Phillips, Billington , S tuart ; g, Mrs. Billington. and Miss H. Simms. To conclude with THE ACTOR'S RETREAT. Messrs. J. L. Toole, P. Bedlord, R. a nd Miss 1% oolgir. Commence at 7. NEW BOWER OPERE TTA HOUSE.- Senora Georgi Cardinal, the eminent Spanish Come dienne, in Smyth Lee's new and eminently successful Come dietta, HER ONLY FAILING; widen, together with CYMON AND IPHIGENIA. ICED CHAMPAGNE, and THE KISS AND THE ROSE, will be repeated EVERY EVENING. -E7 4 mOS E S AND S N or respectfully cali attention to their large and well assorted stock of JUVENILE CLOTHING. The newest fabrics are combined with the latest and most fashionable designs, and the best workmanship. E. MOSES and SON ve p a rticular attention to this important branch of the ir business, and they can with confidence affirm that the prices are such as must satisfy the most economical. This depart ment is in a distinct part of the premises, which will be found at convenience for ladies and children, EMOSES AND S ON • respectfully invite public attention to their large and well-assorted St 3131Eit STOCK. EMOSES AND SON' S • "SANDRINGHAM" WRAPPER Introduced by them) Is the newest and most fashionable style of Overcoats for the season. • ,MOSES AND SON'S • READY-MADE and BESPOKE CLOTHING fur all classes and all ages. 111 MOSES AND SON'S ..E41., CELEBRATED "INDISPENSABLE" SUIT, iron 30s. 10 MOSES AND SON'S HOSIERY and DRAPERY, for all classes and all ages. - 1. 4 ] MOSES AND SON'S sis HATS AND CAPS, for all c asses and all ages. E. MOSES AND SON'S BOOTS and SHOES, for all classes and all ages. MOSES AND SON'S OUTFITS,• for all classes, all ages, and all climates. 1 MOSES AND S 0 N'S fv.A• LONDON HOUSES, 154, 155, 15 1 , 157, Minories ; 83, 81, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, AldE, , ate ; 506, 507, 508, New Oxford--street; 1,2, 3, Hart-st rert ; 137, 138, Tottenham-court - road ; 288, Euston-road MOSES AND SON'S X:4 • COUNTRY ESTABLISHMENT, Bridge-street, Bradford, Yorkshire. W'MOSES AND SON'S 24• Establishments are closed every Friday evening at sunset until Saturday evening at sunset, when business is re sumed unlit I i o'clock. All articles are marked the lowest prices in plain figures. Any article not approved of will be exchanged, or the money returned. _ _ . List of Prices with Rules for Self-measurement, Fashion Card, and our new pamphlet, "The Tercentenary; or, The Three Flunuredth Bis thday of William Shakespeare," gratis "Nid post free. COALS.—The LII,LESHALL COMPANY'S COALS. Pirect from their own Collieries. Marquis'. 23s. per ton. I Double.. 20s. per ton. Top 225. „ Deep ....215. „ Well screened and delivered within live miles of their De pots, Westbourne Park-road, W., and 17, South Wharf, Paddington, W., and Maiden-lane, N. Best Coke lss. per chaldron. Terms cash. JOHN EiCOTT, Sole Lg2nt. HE THIRD EDITION OF "'THE SUN," Containing the Latest SPORTING INTELLIGENT,E, CAA be had Every Evening of G. L. GLENIE, NEWS AGENT, No. 4, Connaught-terrace, II yde-park. THE LATEST EDITION of " THE SUN' supplied, ns soon as published every Evening by IiENRY BROOKS, Newspaper Agent, 21, Old Cavendish street, W. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tate De:sr.—Morning, 43m.—Afterzoon, 4h. 10m, ro.moßaow.-Morning, 4h. 30m.—Afternoon, 4h. 52m, t szigt mcr-444::siopi LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 20, 1864, L3rd STANLEY'S speeches are always worth read ing Whatever may be tha topic with which he deals, and accordingly his address to the Lancashire farmers is not likely to be passed over without some attention. At this season of the year, indeed, agriculture holds a prominent place ; the harvest operations are watched with an interest common to all alike, and the state of the crops, the effect of the weather, and the probable results of the harvest, are everywhere the chief subjects of thought and discussion. At one time agriculture was left to those concerned in it, and very few persons troubled themselves about the processes by which the powers of nature were evoked on behalf of man. Of late years, however, thanks to the application of steam to farm machinery, the spread of chemical know ledge, and the general diffusion of scientific informa tion, a great number of persons are interested in the discussion of agricultural questions, and are aLle to understand something of the operations of the farmer. The Ormskirk and Southport Agri.' cultural Society, at whose annual meeting Lord STANLEY presided on - Wednesday last, is one of those associations which have undoubtedly done much to effect this desirable result by bring ing agriculture more on a level with the other operations of tae times, by encouraging enterprise and invention as applied on its behalf, and by showing those who formerly looked upon it with teomething like contempt that it is fully as capable of profiting by the great discoveries of modern science and their applications by modern ingenuity as any other art or profession. It is true that the Southport society is only a small local association not to be mentioned in importance with the larger agricultural societies. Its value, both as to the encouragement of the best modes of farming,and a -, representing the popular sentiment, is by no means lessened by this fact. The most comprehensive and stately societies must have a b eginning, and therefore it is impossible to foretell t° 'what u l t i mate dignity the Southport society may event ually rise, b u t a t present i t i s rat h er i nteres t • in g as an evidence of the increasing degree of in telligence and enterprise among agriculturists even in retired placer, So long as farm ors set their faces against all improvements and refuse to hear of in. I novations, however beneficial in character, little could be done by shows and associations of any kind; but now when prejudice is so much done away with k each may prcfit by the experience of the other, and exhibitions of the different crops and farming stock may induce the lookers-on to examine into the principles whose application has produced the best r esults- Lord STANLEY did not hesitate to express his opi n i on that farming in Lancashire w as not, on the average, w h at i t oug ht to be. For this back. .wardness he assigned three reasons. The with draws,/ of capital and energy by the manufacturers of the district; the profit derived from coal and building land by the landlords, which renders them caraparatively indifferent to agricultural ope l'ationa; and also the prejudice felt in many quarters against the soil and climate of Lancashire. This impr ession Lord STANLEY endeavoured to combat, admitting that the climate was colder and the soil damper than in the southern counties, that the sea wind was hurt ful, and that the nature of the ground demanded deep, and therefore costly drainage, but contending that there were great advantages to counterbalance these drawbacks. The freedom from drought was a recommendation which could be strongly enforced at the present time when most parts of England have suffered so much from want of rain, while the other advantages spoken of by the noble lord are independent of season or temperature. Lancashire farmers have, he says, more capital at their doors than any other county but Middlesex, They have more and better machinery ; they have skilled labour and cheap coal. They have also ready markets for their produce in the great towns, we might rather say cities of the country, and he locks forward to the time when the utilisation of sewage will increase the advantage to be derived for their vicinity. Farming, in order to be carried on efficiently, says Lord STANLEY, requires both capital and training, and he is anxious that this fact should be impressed upon both landlords and tenants in Lancashire. It was scarcely likely that he would, in discussing the subject, pass over the important general questions of the size of holdings and the granting of leases. On these points Lord STANLEY is, as usual, to be found on the side of equity and liberality. He believes that it would be socially injurious, and not economically necessary to absorb all the small holdings into a few large farms. A farm of moderate size can, in his opinion, be worked with all the appliances of moderee skill and science, provided the farmer possesses the requisite knowledge, and that he will combine with his neighbours to obtain those costly improvements which might be beyond his individual reach. This idea of combination was suggested some time since, and it affurds a happy solution of the difficulty which previously Giisted. There is no doubt as time goes on that the expensive implements re cently introduced will be more and more largely used by the great farmers, so that, if the smaller proprietors are unable to obtain them, they will be left quite out of the field, and their competition will become comparatively useless. By a combination of two or three neighbours, however, the obstacles in the way of the small farmer are removed, and he is free to enter on the race with the same advan tages as the capitalist. With regard to the question of leases, Lord STANLEY argues, very justly, that every good tenant has a right to a lease, and can only be expected to take an interest in the property and spend money in improving it, when such is the case. If a tenant is expected to lay out money on his farm, it is simply, he says, a business precau tion to insist upon having the security of a lease, On Lord DERBY'S estate, leases are only withheld in exceptional cases ; and Lord STANLEY, who has, therefore, had some experience of the practical ap• lication of his theory, considers that, were the grant ing of leases the general rule, and were they more simple in their construction, great advantages would result. The noble lord touched upon other topics connected with the business in hand, and congratulated the members of the society on the success of their association: Mr. ROEBUCK is certainly a very ingenious man, and whatever he undertakes, however difficult it may be to discourse upon, he generally contrives to make something effective of cue way or another. His speech at Sheffield the other day was a very singular one, and in its way was as peculiar as any that ho has ever uttered. He bad a very bad case to advocate, for he endeavoured to prove that the present do-nothing Parliament had in reality effected a great deal. Even his zeal and ability failed to do this with any great amount of succe:,s, and the more calmly the topic is considered the more will it appear that the notion is a very falla cious one. When we are told that this present Par liament was appointed to watch aver the interests and welfare of the people of England, we must feel that the mission has not been accomplished, and that, above all, the honour of the country has not been in safe keeping. Mr. ROEBUCK was more successful in his attempt to point out the happy position which England holds in distinction to other less favoured lands, where there is no free speech, and where reforms have not held sway " Thrones have tumbled down, empires have been destroyed, the model Republic has been rent in twain, but England stands secure in her greatness, and dares the world to oppose her onward progress. It cannot be denied, however, that neither the pre sent Parliament nor the present Ministry can lay claim to any share in the national greatness, for they have done nothing to extend the renown or reputation we have enjoyed as being freedom's champion and oppression's dread. All the steps that have been taken were retrogade ones, and the result is that the character of the country has been sullied in the eyes of foreign Powers. Mr. ROEBUCK'S remarks are really very tantalising, for he sets out by giving expression to one or two things that are safe and sure to meet with general attention and the popular applause, and then he turns round and argues against himself, as it were, all the circumlocution ending in the discovery that the Government has taken its cue from Parliament, and the Parliament from the people_ Such a line of argument cannot be based on very valid grounds of supposition, and it is strange to think that a man who took such a prescient view of matters can thus be persuaded to go over to the wrong side. He was, he tells us, in favour of three things which the Ca binet did not take up, and although he thought them wrong he now thinks they were right in their reticent policy, and, moreover, he believes that this do-nothing course has been satisfactory to the nation at large. It must strike all who hear this that second thoughts are not the best. There is no evidence that LorkPaLmEitsTort's policy is popu lar, and the general result of the elections would show quite the contrary. Mr. ROEBUCK took a bold and comprehensive view of public questions at home and abroad, and had his desires been fulfilled in their original form there is no doubt that we should now be much better off in every respect. In the first place, in regard to the American War, had we recognised the Confederate States, it would long ere this have concluded that fearful contest, and saved our own people great suffering and privation. It by no means follows that the Federals would have gone to war with us, and ifthey had done so they would soon have had enough of it. As for Denmark, that is a lasting disgrace to an administration. Mr. RoEßycie's decided expression must satisfy the most exacting when he says — " I thought Denmark ( was oppressed by the bandit Powers of Germany, and I would have sent the English fleet to defend her." That is all very well, but not when the hon. and learned member goes on to state that the shame I the proceeding rests with the people of Eng- I and.rHad Lord PALMERSTON declared war for t he Danes, he would have been warmly supported, a. nd it is a useless endeavour to cast the burden of hi s errors, and the consequences of his shortcomings on others. It is very well for Mr ROEBUCK to say the t the " cue was taken from the people of Eng lent 1 ," but such en assertion is a false one. It may be A i iked, what was the member for Sheffield about hi mat If when he voted for the Gov,:t taunt at the division on the vote of want of confidence. This is the great mistake that is constantly being made by professed and determined Liberals ; they speak strongly and forcibly upon many important topics, their language is convincing at public meetings, and their eloquence wakes up the House; but they go no farther. When the tug of war comes on, they fall back and almost invariably support the Administration, whose faults and follies they are so willing and competent to denounce. If the in. dependent members would be a little more decided, it would be a very good thing for their own repu tation and consistency, and for the benefit of the country also. It is a great encouragement to Mi nisters to act with impunity, if they believe that whatever they do they will be supported at a crisis. The sooner these time-serving po liticians learn the error of their ways, the better it will be, and it seems a pity that their constituents do not tell them more fully and frequently of their shuffling conduct. If we are to follow the line of policy professed by Mr. ROE BUCK to be the safest, and constantly certain when anything momentous arises, that " we are to do nothing to risk the danger of a war," then we shall very soon fall from our high estate, and lose the prestige we possess. It was not by such a tame and cowardly course that our fame was won, and, certainly, it will not be by the pursuance of such a plan that it will be maintained. Mr. ROEBUCK eOne eluded by impressively remarking upon the singular prosperity which this nation has enjoyed, and de clared that he sometimes felt superstitious like that heathen who trembled lest the gods should become jealous of his good fortune. But the moral he deduced from this seems a strange one. We are .so favoured that we ought to be cautious how we e se7e lest a change may distort our prosperity. Such a time-serving policy will not and cannot answer; and it is not the way to deserve prosperity to shun all rosponsibility and evade all risks. If 3 great amount of power and influence be en 3 trusted to a particular people, they have no right to hide their light under a bushel, for fear of the consequences of putting themselves forward. Such a course of proceeding ie unworthy of our position, signally ungrateful to that PROVIDENCE which has so favoured us, and showered abundant blessings on our land. The great orators of old incited their hearers to great and glorious works, but the m i g hty are fallen in our day if our rhetoricians of note seek to follow the dietetes of a grovelling policy le.hich is selfish in the extreme, and leaves he weak to become a prey to the strong. THE SUN, LOI''TON, SAT CEDAY EVENING, AUG [roll 20, 1864. The Civil Service. FOREIGN OFFICE.— Mr William George Aston has been appointed a stuo'ent interpreter. INDIA OFFICE.—Mr CleCkent Sneyd Colvin has been appointed a clerk in the accountant-general's office. COLONIAL OFFICE.—The govern.hrship of Ceylon has become vacant by the death 0.. c Sir Charles Justin M'Carthy ; aiary, £'7,000. TUE POST OFFICE—Mr John George ';Vren has been appointed postmaster at Penzance. Wm Weller has been appointed postmaster at Guildi;:qd. Mr John Lawson has been promoted from the firs, class of clerks to be an assistant controller, circula tion department. Mr Smallwood has been promoted from the second to the first class of clerks, circula tion department. Mr E. R. Edwards has been pro moted from the second to the first class of clerks, circulation department. Mr W. P. Rolls has been promoted from the third to the second class of clerks,circulation department. Mr Conroy has been promoted from the third to the second class of clerks, circulation department. Mr T. D. Abbot has been promoted to second class clerk at Manchester. Mr W. Williams has been promoted to be u first class clerk at Nottingham. CUSTOMS—AIr David Henry Morgan has been appointed fifth clerk at Swansea. Mr Thos. Alien nas been promoted from the fifth to the fourth class of out-door officers, London; Mr Wm. Jackson has been promoted from the fifth to the fourth class of out-door officers, London ; Mr Wm. Penny has been promoted from the fourth to the third class of ex amining officers, Liverpool. Mr Robt. Carrie has been promoted from the fifth to the fourth class of examining officers, Liverpool. Mr Walter Beggs has been promoted from the sixth to the fifth class of examining officers, Liverpool. Mr Thos. Lynas has been promoted from the seventh to the sixth class of examining officers, Liverpool. Mr Wm. H. Dickenson has been promoted from the fifth to the fourth class of out-door cfficers, Shields. INLAND REVENUE-Mr John Gillett Monk, officer, Colchester, second division Colchester collec iion, has been appointed officer of the Melford. Mr. George Ezekiel Coulson, officer, Melford division, Colchester collection, has been appointed officer of Colchester, second division, Colchester collection. Mr. Edward Marriott Barrie, officer, Stratford, first ride, Aylesbury collection, has been appointed officer of Swansea, second ride, Swansea collection. Mr. James Irving, officer, Stratford, second ride, Aylesbury collection, has been appointed officer of Stratford, fist ride, Aylesbury collection. Ireland --Mr Eugene Sullivan has been appointed a junior clerk to the office of the Board of Public Works. Colonial.—The East Indies.—Lieut. W. G. Hughes, officiating assistant commissioner, third class, has been appointed to be an assistant commissioner, third class, British Burma, Vice J. R. Macrae, appointed registrar of Moulmein. Mr. J. Savage, extra assistant commissioner, first olass. 211, A. C. Lyall has been appointed to be a deputy commis sioner of the second class central provinces, vice J. H. Master. Mr. M. Low has been appointed to be a deputy commissioner of the third class, central provinces. Mr J. L. Haynes, chief assistant in the office of the deputy auditor and accountant general, Bombay, has been appointed to be second assistant deputy auditor and accountant general in that pre sidency, vice Baboo Govin Chunder Butt, resigned. Mr. W. W. Crawford, chief assistant in the office of the deputy auditor and accountant N.W.P., has been promoted from the fifth t o the fourth class of the classified list. Mr. A. Ant hon y has been appointed to be second assistant t o the office of deputy auditor and accountant gen eral, N.W.P., and to be placed in the fifth class o f the classified list.—Civil Service Gazette. general, THE REGIUS PROFESSORSHIP OF DIVINITY AT CAMBRIDGE.—This important office in the waiver• sity will be formally declared vacant at the commencemen t of next term ; the Rev. Dr Jeremie, who has held it since 1850, having been duly installed into the Deanery of Lin coln. The electors aro the council of the senate. The candidates must be bachelors or doctors of divinity. The prafeseorship was founded by Henry VIII. in 1540, and has since been endowed with the rectory of Somersham, Huntingdonshire, worth about £1,500 a year. Several gentlemen are named as likely successors of Dr Jeremie, and it appears probable that there will be a strong contest for the appointment. ROMAN CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND. — The new Roman Catholic University of Ireland is intended to be erected on the lands of Clonliffe, near Dublin, from the designs of Mr. J. J. McCarthy, architect and professor of architecture in the university. The build ings will consist of two large quadrangles, the greater of which, called the university quadrangle, will contain, on the ground floor, the principal entrance, the aula maxima for the public exhibitions examinations, conferring of de ;trees, &c.; the lecture theatres, and schools of the various faculties. The upper floors will contain tha libraries, manu script room, the museums of natural history and compara tive anatomy, mineralogy, and antiquities, with residences for the rector, vice rector, deans, and directors of the insti tution, and board and council rooms. A church will be hereafter erected, connected by a cloister with the univer sity quadrangle. The smaller, or college quadrangle, will consist entirely of houses,-which are calculated to accom modate 300 resident students. the contractor is Mr. Connolly.—Builder. MR GEORGE THOMPSON.—The Wesleyan Uni versity of the United States of America have conferred the degree of LL.D, on Mr George Thompson, who is well known in England as an anti-slavery advocate. A SIGNORA GARIBALDI, says The Reader, niece of the Liberator, is about to make her first appearance be fore EDglidt audiences as a singer. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (REUTER'S ETLEGRAMS.) AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE SCOTIA. (Via Crookhaven.) NEW YORK, AUG. 10, Morning. rho Confederates had retired from Maryland, and Averill overtook and defeated them at Moore field, Virginia, capturing 600 prisoners and four guns. Admiral Farragut's fleet passed Fort Morgan, Mobile, and had disabled the Confederate rams. He was approaching the city on the sth inst. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, Aug. 10, Morning. Money easy. Gold, 2541. Exchange on Lon don : Bankers' bills, 274; on Paris, 2.10 to 2.71 ; Stocks steady. New York Centrals, 1314. Illinois Shares, 1291. Erie, 113. 6 per Cent. United States 5.20, Bonds, 1392. Cotton quiet. Middling Up. land, 175 to 178. Flour, wheat, and corn declin ing. Provisions dull. Coffee good inquiry. Sugar dull. Molasses steady. Petroleum crude, 52c.; re fined, 831 c. to 85c. NEW YORK, AUG, 9, Morning. Admiral Farragut, with 14 ships and three iron clads, passed Fort Morgan, Mobile, on the sth inst. The Confederate rams Tennessee and Selina were captured, and the ram Gaines beached. Admiral Buchanan was wounded and captured. The Federal monitor Tecumseh was sunk. The fleet is ap. preaching the city. The Federals have occupied Dauphin's Island, at the extremity of which stands Fort Gaines, com manding one of the flanks of the entrance to Mobile Bay. NEW YORK, AUG, 9 (EVENING.) The Confederate General Maury report from Mobile on the sth inst., as follows :—" Seventeen of the enemy's vessels have passed Fort Morgan. The monitor Tecumseh has been sunk by Fort. Morgan. The ram Tennessee, after a desperate engagement, surrendered to Farragut. Admiral Buchanan is wounded, and a prisoner. The ram Selina is captured, and the ram Gaines is beached. The enemy's fleet has approached the City." Grant, after visiting Washington, Maryland, and the Upper Potomac, has returned to Petersburg. Severe fighting took place at St, Petersburg on Friday. A Confederate charge was repulsed with slaughter. _ _ The Federals have reoccupied Ilagerstoavn Maryland. Sheridan has superseded Hunter. The capture of General Stoneman is confirmed, . Hooler will not receive a command at present. Rumours are current of a raid of Confederates from Canada into Buffalo to destroy the Erie Canal. The New I ork World and Tunes assert that Mr Stanton has resigned, and that President Lincoln has accepted his resignation. A mass meeting to nominate M'Clellan for the Presidency will be held in the city to-night. The New York police, in conjunction with the English detectives, have made every arrangement to arrest Muller on his arrival. The City of Cork, London, Hibernian, and Saxonia havg arrived out. (FROM THE TIMES CORRESPONDENT.) NEW YORK, AUG. 10, 10 30 A.M. Confederate official despatches from Mobile of the sth report that Admiral Farragut, after a desperate engagement with Forts Morgan and Gaines and the Confederate fleet, i❑ which the Federal monitor Tecumseh was sunk, and the Con'ederate ironciada Tennessee and Selina captured, entered the harbour, with 14 ships and three monitore, end was ap proaching the city. The Confederate Admiral Buchanan lost a leg and was taken prisoner. The Confederates are positively asserted to have evacuated Maryland, retiring across the Potomac on Hancock and Shepherdstown. Their recent movements are now supposed to have been made to cover Early'e operations in the Shenandoah Valley, or the reinforcement from Richmond of Atlanta or Mobile. General Sheridan has been placed in command of the Middle Military Division, embracing the department of Washington, the Susquehana, Maryland, and Western Virginia. He reports, upon the authority of scouts, that General Averill defeated the Confederates at Moorfield, south of the Potomac, on Sunday, capturing 240 prisoners and four cannon. There is yet no further movement before Peters burg. General Grant on Saturday visited General Sheridan at Monoeacy, Maryland. He returned to his headquarters on Monday. Letters from General Sherman's army state that the battle on the 281 h ult,, previously men tioned, was brought on by an attempt by G eneral Hood to outflank General Sherman while e xtending his right. The contest was most severe, and for a time the result was doubtful, though ultimately the Federals repulsed their assailants. Confederate official despatches state that no decisive advantage was gained upon either side. The Federal General Stoneman was captured at the time of the disaster to Sherman'd cavalry in the rear of Atlanta on the 27th. The 50 Confederate and 50 Federal officers, prisoners of war, who were to have been placed under fire at Charleston and Morris Island by their respective custodians have been exchanged. The Federal officers arrived in this city yesterday. The New York Time; asserts from Washington that Secretary Stanton has resigned, and that his resignation has been accepted by Mr. Lincoln: It adds that an important Cabinet meeting was held yesterday. QUEENSTOWN, AUG. 20. The screw steamer New York, from New York York on the 6th instant, arrived here at six a.m. to-day. She landed 18 passengers, and proceeded for Liverpool. All well. m ii - ic o. PARIS, AUG. 20. announces that several un im p ortant en g a geme nts Official despatches receive d here fr om Mexico had taken place between 60030 of the bands and the troops. The sanitary condition of the army is satisfactory. INDIA AND CHINA MAILS. MARSEILLES, AUGUST 19. The Alessageries Iraperiales mail steamer Peluse left this day with 52 passengers, 609 packages of Merchandise, and £206,500 specie for India and China, and 123 passengers, 1,402 packages, and £12,000 specie for Alexandria. SPAIN. COURT-MARTIAL AT MADRID. MADRID, AUGUST 20. A court - martial has been hold here on an OffiC6t and some sergeants of the regiment, Saboga, ae. cased of conspiracy. The prisoners were acquitted. No disturbances have taken place in the city. FRANCE. BOURSE, Aug. 19.—The market presents little or no change either in the amount of business doing or in prices. Thiees, for the Account, are unvarieil at 66f. 45c. Mobilier have slightly receded, having been last done at 1,022 f. 50c. Railway Marh:et firm at yesterday's quotations. The market lost its firmness towards the close, and left off as follows ; 4t per Cents. 94 60 Italian Loan 6B 15 Do. end month.... Do. end month 6B 20 3 per Cents Do. end_m0nth........66 35 New Mexican 66k Credit Mobili6r 1917 50 Do. end montli 1017 50 Bank Shares 3375 Credit Foncier Roman Russian Austrian Spanih Threes 49 25 Ffome Debt Deferred RAILWAY 9. Cash. Account. Orleans ....... 887 60 .. 892 50 Northern 983 75 Lyons and Mediterranean 93) .. 931 25 Southern 650 .. 645 Wostorn Eastern Sardinian Austrian Lombard North of Spain Saragossa .. 502 50 .. 505 Ditto to Barcelona The Roman Catholic Church in the Midland Counties. One cf a series of Roman Catholic churnhes re cently reared with much pomp and ceremony was on Thursday last publicly consecrated at Learning. ton by Dr, Uflathorne. In the morning high mass was performed by Dr. Ullathorne, assisted by the Canonical Chapter of Birmingham, and a large number of dignitaries, Including Monsignore Manning, protonotary apostolic of the Papal Court at Rome. The preacher was the Right Rev. Monsignore Manning, who selected his text (Donay version) Ist St. John, 2d Chapter 27th verse : "But the unction which ye have received abideth in you, and ye have no need that any man :each you; but as the same unction teacheth you of all things, and is true, and is no lie." In the course of his address he argued that the disquietude that distracted English Christians with respect to the inspiration of the Scriptures and other fundamental principles of religion was attributable to the falsely called reformation, which destroyed the communion with the one infallible Church. He affirmed that the Church of God needed not the reformation of man, but that it was divinely taught of God, and that not one particle of human error had ever been allowed to mingle with the blessed truths inculcated by the Church. The ex pansion of the Catholicism, he melted, was simply that of the acorn unto the oak, the result of the battling with the errors and th© heresies that arose from time to time, Thp unction given by God himself to His Church was unceasingly continued, and therefore to its teachings could the 'faithful alone securely trust. In conclu- sion, he alluded to the many Legislative restrictions that had been repealed in England with respect to Roman Catholicism, and expressed a belief that this country would once more return to its allegiance to the Sovereign Pontiff, instancing as a proof of the progress that the Catholic religion was making that they were no longer compelled t 9 worship in cata combs and secret places, as their forefathers had done, but were at libeaty to do so in magnificent temples, such as that in which they were assembled. A dejeuner was served in the Assembly Rooms, Regent-street, at 2 o'clock, when more than 300 persons sat down. The chair was taken by Mr J. J. Bradshaw. When the cloth had been withdrawn, The CHAIRMAN said that, bearing in mind the occasion which had brought them together, the company would recognise the propriety of giving as the first toast " The Health of Pope Pius IX." (Ap plause.) In consequence of the peculiar position of Continental affairs at the present time, that toast was taken out of the range of mere formality and had a degree of political interest imparted to it. A certain section of politicians were fond of speculating on the probability of the death of his Holiness lead ing to some great change in the Government of Rome and the Papal States, thinking it would facilitate the transfer of the holy city to the avaricious grasp of King Victor Emmanuel. Only a few weeks ago telegrams repeatedly proclaimed that the Pore was in art iculo ?WWI'S, and that the conclave of cardinals nad been summoned to nominate his successor. Just as frequently those telegrams were contradicted, and it appeared his Holiness had presided at the usual ecclesiastical councils, and that his reception had been of the most en thusiastic character. Those present would agree with him that the wish for his demise had been " father to the thought," and would re joice in the knowledge of the fact that his Holiness continued to enjoy as good health as could be ex pected for anyone at his advanced period of life. (Applause.) It had been asserted that if the French troops were withdrawn from Rome his Holiness would not be able to remain there a day longer, but he would venture to affirm that if the paid agents of Victor Emmanuel were withdrawn, and if those correspondents who earned their bread by writing the papacy down and stirring up a revolution were ex pelled the country, the whole zevolutionary element would be eradicated, and the position of his Holi ness the Pope, would be one of perfect peaco and unbroken security. There would then be little chance of the patrimony of St. Peter ever forming portions of the dominions of the man who had out raged Christianity by conferring upon the author of the infamous Vie de Jesus the orders of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus. (Hear.) Let them take every oppor tunity of publicly recording their steadfastness and fidelity to his Holiness, not only on account of the high office he bore here, but for the many virtues that adorned his personal character, and which even his bitterest enemies were fain to recognise and acknowledge. (Applause.) The health of the-Pepe was drunk, upstanding, with enthusiastic cheers. In proposing " The Health of the Queen and Royal Family," the CHAIRMAN remarked that every true member of the Catholic community would agree with him that in the person of our gracious Sovereign we had a model wife, Queen, and mother. And he felt confident that no body of her faithful subjects had entertained a more devoted sympathy towards her Majesty in her recent affliction than had they, though as a community they were some. times unjustly reproached with a divided allegiance. In proof of the latter remark he would allude to a circumstance of recent occurrence. At the Quarter Sessions held recently at Stafford, a mem■ ber of Parliament wh3 was closely allied to a noble family in Warwickshire, where he also occasionally attended Quarter Ses sions (Mr. Adderley) suddenly proposed the ap plication of a provision in the Prisons Chaplains Act, on the ground that,the Catholics were divided in their allegiance between the Queen and the Pope. He was sorry to say he succeeded in his motion, the e ffect of which was to deprive the poor Roman Ca tholic prisoners in Stafford gaol of the ministrations of a chap;On of their own religion. (Cries of " shame !") It was inexplicable to him how such a charge could be preferred in the present day. The Roman Catholics promptly and cheerfully sent their sons into the army to fight for the Queen and country, and at the battle of Inkerman, during the Crimean war, so many soldiers of that persuasion we ce killed on the sth November, that the Legisla ture all Owed a bill to pass for a discontinuance of th e s pecial s E yvices appointed for that day in future, because they were held to be an unnecessary reflection on the valour and loyalty of Roman Catholic soldiers. He saw before him numbers of members of the apos tolic church who occupied the position of ite clergy, sad who, while performing the high service of the altar, were in the habit of praying for her Majesty's welfare, both temporal and spiritual. Again, recently published statistics showed that the number of Roman Catholics in the army and navy amounted to upwards of 60,000; and he should like to know what would become of the integrity of this great empire if those men were not true in their allegis ante to the Queen. (Applause.) Who, in the wild est moment of fanatical bigotry, would venture to aseert they entertained any apprehension on this sco.e ? Roman Catholics cheerfully bore their share in the bn:dens of the country, and when the tax gatherer pain __his visits they met his demands with as good a grace and a: few wry f aces as their neigh bours. In opposition to su: h facts as these, were -ilegiance He they to be charged with divided E... said the charge was false, and concluded by nreB. sing a hope that the Queen might reign long in the affectionate hearts of an undivided and contented people. The toast was drunk with loyal enthusiasm and cheers. In proposing " The health of Dr. Ullathorne," as "Bishop of the Diocese," the CHAIRMAN regretted his inability to do proper justice to the toast, but referred to the many claims that right reverend prelate had upon their consideration and esteem. Through him the ecclesiastical affairs of the diocess had been brought into their present happy and flourishing condition; and it was unne cessary for him to enumerate how many missions had been founded, or how many churches, orphan. ages, and schools opened since he had assumed the mitre. (Applause.) If it was true of the sacerdotal office that " only those are chosen who are called," it was surely true that the duties incumbent on the head of an episcopality were still more onerous and responsible; and Dr. Ullathorne was highly de serving of their gratitude for performing those duties with a perseverance that never varied, an energy that never wearied, and a conscientiousness that never wavered. He asked them to drink the health of Dr.Ullathorne as an exemplary bishop, an enlightened scholar, a man of refined and culti vated taste, and a steadfast friend, trusting that he would long live to adorn the Church to which he belonged. (Cheers.) Dr ULLATHORNE, after thanking the chairman for proposing, and the company for so cordially re ceiving the mention of his name and office, said the anxieties and difficulties under which a Roman Ca tholic bishop laboured in this country were so numerous as to be scarcely appreciated by the pub lic, or even realised by any save those immediately arou-id him. He and his brother prelates who held the mitre had, indeed, a peculiar position in this country. Without any legal recognition to give them a status, they had nevertheless great duties to perform, not only to the Church, but to society, and even to the State. While thus ignored, and con sidered legally out of existence, Government looked for support to Roman Catholic bishops and priests, when there was any outbreak among the people, to keep them steady, steadfast, and loyal. It seemed somewhat absurd, and it was certainly contradic tory, that while Roman Catholic bishops are treated as non est, they were at the same time expected, and even made responsible by the country for great social duties to it and its Government. They had, however, accepted the position which God had given them, and entered into the work to which they were called by the Holy See. To that work they devoted themselves night and day. They did their utmost to sustain the loyal spirit of those who looked up to them for example and guidance. Their great strength and support was not derived from without —not from any material or social assistance obtained from the country, or from one glimpse of the coun tenance of tt, e State in return for the great and beneficial influence they exercised on the peace, welfare, and loyalty of a very large portion pf the population of this country. (Applause,) What, then, was the source of the power and influence of the Roman Catholics in England ? It was to be found in their loyal hearts (tor they accepted their social position from the higher motives of religion) and the energetic and zealous co-operation of their clergy, arising from the unlimited confidence re posed in them. Speaking of them as two distinct bodies, he had confidence in saying that the clergy and their flocks were equally worthy of each other. Some people were apt to speak of Roman Catholic influence as very mysterious and extraordinary, and the dignitaries were regarded as born with more natural genius or acquiring greater subtleness of mind than other men ; just as if they were mem bers of some superior race, and not born, as many of them were, of English mothers and fathers, and inheriting those national peculiarities of their come patriots—stupidity and clearheadedness. The Bishop next proceeded to answer some inquiries which had been put to him respecting the edifice he had consecrated the previous day. In doing so, he said that he did not think the structure could as a whole be objected to, and although the building did not meet the prevailing taste in respect to architecture, he thought the Roinan Catholics of Leamington would hereafter like it exceedingly. It certainly possessed the following very essential requirements—viz., in the first place,. it was a massive and solid structure; secondly, it com bined the elements of simplicity and into jesty ; thirdly, it was convenient; fourthly, it was extremely well adapted for its uses. He then alluded to the valuable assistance rendered on that as on many similar occasions by Monsignore Manning, who might be considered to occupy the position of interpreter of Roman Catholicism to the educated classes of this country not within the pale of its Church. For that office he was peculiarly gifted, having had, perhaps, a more intimate knowledge than any other man of the day of the various forms of religious thought in England. Having had great experience of different religious sentiments and modes of thinking among the most enlightened of his fellow-countrymen, it had pleased God to call him among them to act in the capacity be had al. ready stated. He had a peculiar facility for removing the difficulties which encompassed the Protestant mind with respect to Roman Catholicism, and it was due to him, as well as others like him who had en tered the pile of the Roman Catholic Church, yet held communion with the intelligent beyond'it, that the long existing breaches between the two great sections of Christendom were being bridged over. (Applause.) In conclusion, he expressed his thanks to Monsignore Manning and the other bishops, as well as the clergy and laity who had favoured them with their attendance and assistance on:that as well as the previous day. The right rev. prelate resumed his seat amid great applause. Several other toasts followed, and the health of the chairman terminated the proceedings shortly before 5 o'clock. ACCIDENT TO SIR ROBERT ANSTRUTHER, M,P.— On Wednesday evening, while Sir Robert An struther was proceeding from Pittenweem Railway station to Balcaskie House in a dog-cart, accompanied by a coach man, the horse, a spirited animal, took fright when near Grangemuir-bridge, and proceeded at a furious rate along the road, Sir Robert himself held the reins, but he was unable to control the animal. The vehicle had not pro ceeded far when it came up against an embankment on the side of the road, whereby it was upset, and Sir Robert and his servant were thrown out on the road. The servant escaped unhurt, but Sir Robert received a rather severe abrasion on the left brow, which stunned him for a short time, and was bleeding freely when another vehicle came up, by which he was conveyed to Balcaskie. Sir Robert's carriage was smashed by the acedent,—Scotsman. RECENT POISONING BY CALABAR BEANS IN LlVERPOOL. — Yesterday an inquest was held at Liverpool on the body of a boy named Michael Russell, who was poisoned by eating some Calabar beans which had been thrown with some rubbish on waste ground. It will be recollected that some 60 or 70 children were also made seri. ously ill from the same cause. The jury returned a verdict that deceased died from eating Calabar beans, and made a presentment to the effect that stringent instructions be given to captains and others th'at such dangerous sub stances be not in future thrown into the streets and waste ground. EXTRAORDINARY POISONING CASE.—Yesterday, an inquest was concluded at Lancaster upon the body of Thomas, infant son of Mr Robert Wilson, of that town, who died from the effects of laudanum administered under the following circumstances :--The deceased was 15 weeks old. Two or three evenings since, as it was cross and restless, its grandmother went to the shop of Mrs Cooper, druggist, and asked for a pennyworth of syrup of rhubarb, and a drop of laudanum." The mix . - tote was administered the next morning, and the child died the same evening, —Mrs Cooper, in her examina tion stated that she supplied the grandmother with a quarter of an ounce of the syrup, mixing with it 50 drops of laudanum, and gave interactions not to administer more than half a teaspoonful at a time. The grandmother, how • ever, swore Mrs Cooper directed her to give the child a tea spoonful ; and that because it seemed to like it, the mother gave it the whole of the mixture at once (a teaspoonful and three quarters), thinking it would do it no harm, Mr Watson, surgeon, said he considered that not more than two drops of laudanum ought to have been put in the quan tity of syrup named, and that four drops were a poisonous dose for a child of the age of deceased. From 13 to 16 drops of laudanum contained the active principles of one grain of opium. After a long consultation, the jury returned the following verdict :- 4, The Jury are of opinion that Thomas Wilson died from the Effects of an overdose of laudanum administered to him by his mother in ignorance ; but that his death is attributable to the carelessness of Mrs Cooper, in dispensing the poisonous drugs, she being wholly unac quainted with their nature and strength," Mrs Cooper was then admitted to bail, to take her trial at the next Lancas- I ter assizes. AA . Tirtithir HER MAJESTY, OSBORNE, August 19. The Queen and Princess Helena walked and drove yesterday. The Hon. Horatia Stopford has succeeded the Hon. Florence Seymour as Maid of Honour je Waiting. The Duke of Cambridge arrived at Invermark Lodge, Lochlee, on,Wednesday, on a visit to the Earl of Dalhousie. It was anticipated that his royal highmeso would pass a few days at Invermark. The Marquis and Marchioness of Hastings ha ve arrived at Loudon Castle, Ayrshire. The tenantry of the marquis at Ashby-de-la-Zouch are about to present h.er, ladyship with a sp l en did can d e l a b ra, i n comme moration 01 her marriage. The Marchioness of Queensberry and familY have taken a residence at Hastings for the season. The Earl and Countess of Yarborough have arrived on a visit to the Earl and Countess of Eglinton at Eglinton Castle, where a select party will assemble during the present month. The Earl of Lucan has arrived at Castlebar House' his seat in Ireland. The EPal Delawarr has left his marine residence at Coweg for Endsleigh, on a visit to Mr Russell, lq• P ': and Lgdy Elizabeth Ru sse ll. Th e countess w ill leave ne xt weetz for Sussex. Sir Alexander Bannerman and 14°Y Ar.abella Bannerman, and Mrs Lane Fox remain on a for the present. The Earl and Countess of Fife are entertaining shooting party at Mar Lodge, N.B. Viscount and Viscountess Torrington and LA" Georgina Fane have arrived at Weymouth. Viscount and Viscountess Castlercsse and fan" ! have left Breslin's Marine Hotel, Bray, county for their seat, Kill arne y. Lord and Lady F ores t er, w h o arr i ve d e arly in the week from a t our i n G ermany, h ave le ft town for Willey 'Park, Shrop s hi re . Wi o X loary The Right Hon. Edward Cardwell, M.P.' l a° left town for a few weeks. PRINCE NAPOLEON,. IN EDINBURGH.-011 Th u " - day morning Prince Napoleon and suite left Kinross for Edinburgh, which was reac h e d s h ort l y after m idday. -1- 1 imperial hi g h ness t oo k a su i te of apartments at the 11°Y!' Hotel, and i n th e a ft ernoon drove to Rollin, returning. 1 „ the evening, The p r i nce arr i ve d at Kinross from Stirbnq on Wednesday morning, part of the suite having arrived the previous evening. On the afternoon of Wednesday the party visited Lochloren Castle and other places of int er° in the locality. Answer, My Lord Chancellor ! Why is it that, with an energetic Lord Chancellor, earnest in the cause of law reform, and sparing no personal "1 0 ; tions to promote it, i n a sess i on th at h as h a d no thing als o occupy its time, and a dyi ng P ar li ament d es i r ous t 0 ,0- something to save its reputation with the constituents w- , are soon to sit in judgment upon its doings, perfortasn' has fallen so miserably short of promise ? It was not for lack of subjects, nor even for lack of Pr e ; jects. The law bills introduced make a long list, but W e s of them were permitted to perish by the way, et ve % i° lc stages of their rick e tty careers, b efore they h a d arrive u - maturity. It may be worth a few minutes investigation, to learn, if possible, the cause of this failure. The lesson may be useful to law reformers, official and amateur, by showing them what are the rocks ahead on which their crafts are in danger of shipwreck. co d. The objects sought by th e bill s were ge nerally g They were designed t o re f orm ac k now l e d ge d abuses o r '- introduce unquestionable improvements. They failed he ° cause they were for the most part very imperfectly 011 ; strutted. This was most remar k a bl e i n th e bills pro duced by the Lord Ch ance ll or . Th e C ounty C our t s Bill was °- bad in parts that its merits were forgotten in its defects ; and the Solicitors' Remuneration Bill was in like mann er lost through faults in its construction. It was the san e with others. Whence comes it that projects of laws intr o : duced by the ablest lawyer of our time are thus faulty I' The reason is not far to seek. Lord Westbury, of course, does not draw his own bill s , probably he does not even design them. He has a keen eye for legal abuses, and a real desire for improvements in the law ; but it is probable that he relies upon others who have more leisure to prepare plans and construct the Wor k ; Looking at those plans, it is manifest that the authors 01 them are not practical lawyers, who knew and see the dill' culties and obstacles that lie before them, and which it iS necessary either to remove or evade, but theorists who, in the solitude of chambers, spin out of their brains schemes that are excellent in themselves and admirably adapted for an ideal world, but unfitted for the real world with its pre' judices and self interests, which he mustitake into account, and mould his designs to meet. Law Reforms to be successful, must, beyond any others, consult the condi tions of the community whose conduct they are to re gulate. They cannot do this unless they are framed by men who mingle with that community, and are familiar with its thoughts and ways. There is no mass of men an little versed in the business of life as the specula tive gentlemen in ch a mb ers , w h o sp i n l aw re f o rms out of their own brains. They have most commendable mim e; their plans usually wear a most comely aspect; only th e / are not practical—they don't deal with things as they ate ' but with society as the authors imagine or desire it to he: These are the measures which a Chancellor, overwheltnea, with work, is easily induced to take upon trust, attracts h a by the symmetry of the sc h eme an d th e ma nner in W lll l2 c d it commends itself to the int e lle c t. H e i s surprised to u that, when it comes to be criti c i se d by the In es °f the busy world, they see what would b e its a exst uon f material interests ; how it wou ld disturb from ing arrangements ; what uncalc u l a t e d ev il s wortl dll°W it, far outweighing the benefit s it b r i ngs; and they Protest This against it, and the country says that it cannot toy law; ; was the cause of the failur e o f th e new bankruptcy .00 this defeated the bills that hav e p er i s h e d d u ring the 00°11 just concluded ; and it will con ti nue to impede the Pros ay of law reform, until it s p a t rons i n P ar l ia ment turn swe o from the dreamers and t a k e t o th e i r ass i s t a nce the men ph have had experience in th e a ppli ca ti on o f law to the Lin. si ness of life, and especi a lly th e p ract i s i ng solicitors , know better than any other persons what are the defects 7 , the law, and how they may best be cured.-270 Law 21111 of to-day. GEORGE DANIEL AND HIS SEVENTY 13144 C Dann I LETTERED BALLADS.—One day, Mr George e e was leaving Evans's Rooms, w h en h e o bserved a r ti rr ; man on the point of putting his foot on the doorstep. i el might h h young man asked whether that was th e auc tioneer's. D an told ed it se w en as s ; om an et d hi i e n g qu e i f r t e h i e whateenQ. seen b his business im be. He that ; he had done him a serv i ce . H e was a y cler; or in 8011 1 1 much subordinate position in London. So Mr Daniel we „ r plied in a ' • 'mutton to put the qu er y. Th e young ms- an that he had got certain old bl ac k-l etter b a l la d s to sell , he was going to speak to Mr Evans about them. " %11 , 1 , 1 „t sort of things are they" quoth D an i e l . ~Eliz ab ethan w - ; lade," answered the other. "In what state are they asked Daniel. The youn g man t o ld D an i e l t h a t they w il i; loose and unbound, in a portfolio, which notion Daniel P °° poohed at first ; " but," said he to the young man, " C;c l along with me, and life will talk abaut this." It turn ed that the ballads did not belong to the young man but to a friend at Ipswich. So Daniel jumped on the n h e- i a Ipswich coach, with all the money he had by him ill • - ci - A pocket, and was down there in double quick time. `-v -saw the rroprietor of the ballads, and bett:r still he the ballads themselves. Nay, more, this wondrous Y°3- had books of price to boot, viz..—" The Boke °f°- no t kinge, Huntinge, and Fy s hi ng, " a C axton (I hn, what), XIII. Mery Jests of the Wyddow d Daniel was, of cours e , in raptures. The price was a gree upon ;it was about £ 1 20 for the whole lot, and Dan iel vl3O happy.—Notes and Queries. VESTIGES OF AFRICAN CHRISTIANITY. —So COM* plete was the extirpation of Christianity in Africa, by lb! Moslem conquerors, that, with she excepti on of some solo chral lamps which I dug up at Carthage, and which boo. th e sign o f th e cross , the ruined chur ches of H y dr a p resea . s the mo s t i m p or t an t monument s of the terrible vire o n which the religion of the Proph et of Nazareth sustained 00 these shores. But how insignificaut even are they when W ° recollect that, according to the 11 otitis, there were at on! time in North Africa no less than 600 episcopal sees There is only on e more vesti g e of C hristianity w hich, 10 LI marvellous way, has been preserved by some of the Ara b tribes —by the Cabyles, or Kaby lee, who inhabit the range and outskirts of the Atlas, and by the Twaareg, who claim a great portion of the Sahara, or Sahra, for their inherit' ance , and of which they are th e a b so l ute mas t e rs. 1 allude to the use of the cross among these people. It is g eri : ' ra lly tattooed, som et i mes on t h e c h ee k s or on the fo r e ' head, and sometimes on t h e arms or pa l ms of the b an of the men, but oftener of the wom en . What is also re' markable is, that the Twaareg have the front of t he saddle which th e y use on th e ma k r i ( t h e sw ift drome dar y in the shap e o f a cross to th i s day. N ow , Ido not t hle o such a symbol could have been adopted accidentally . must be a mystical religious representation which was a t o h 4. time common throughout the country, and which h as ei :o escaped the notice o f the Mohammedan emissaries , or it e s, n. ed so deeply engr a ft e d on th e m i n ds of the people th at it d the efforts of the propagators of the religion of the propls`. of Mecca, and has thus been preserved to the p res3nt It has been conjec t ured that the Vandals, on their inva ortle7 of Africa, freed all those natives from the b urden of ceity....l'' taxes on the condition that they embraced Christian () and that it was arranged that they should make kn r od their faith by marking the cross on their Pers o 7._ hence the practice became universal..--. Dined Cities 4 /rim,